YALE UNIVERSITY
LIBRARY

Gift of

Mrs. Louis Pirsson

THE

SELF-INTERPRETING BIBLE,

CON TAI NING

Cjje iito itnti j&to UTeftamem^

VOLUME THE FIRST.

entmt* at £>tatfonet$ ^aii*

fHE

SELF-INTERBkETING BIBLE,

CONTAINING

UTJ)e JBto atWjteto Ceftaments;
TOj^HICH ARE ANNEXED
AN EXTENSIVE INTRODUCTION,
MARGINAL REFERENCES AND ILLUSTRATIONS,
AN EXACT SUMMARY OF THE SEVERAL BOOKS,
A PARAPHRASE ON THE MOST OBSCURE OR IMPORTANT PARTS,
AN ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENTS OF EACH CHAPTER,
EXPLANATORY NOTES,
AND EVANGELICAL REFLECTIONS.
BY THE LATE
Rev. JOHN BROWN,
MINISTEROF THE GOSPEL AT HADDINGTON.

1HE SECOND EDITION;
WITH MANY ADDITIONAL REFERENCE S AND ILLUSTRATIONS.

IN TWO VOLUMES.

OLUME THE FIRST.

LONDON:
PRINTED BT T. BENSLET;
FOR J. MATHEWS, OGILVY ANI? SPEARE, J. CUTHELL, T.VERNOR, W.WINCHESTER, BYFIELD AND HAWKESVVORTH;
J. AND J. FAIRBAIRN, EDINBURGH; AND W. COKE, LEITH.
M.DCCXCI.

c ¦

R E C O M ME N DATIONS
" IN FAVOUR OF THE WORK.

W

Attestation of the Rev. JOHN and EBENEZER BROWN.
My dear Sir, ;";.,-.
'E have drawn out a form of atteftation, which you may publifh if you pleafe. " Wc
whofe names are hereunto fubfcribed, understanding that Notes from our Father's
Bible have lately been published at Berwick-upon-Tweed, not only without our concurrence, but againft our incli
nation, reckon ourfelves obliged, in juftice to the memory of our worthy Father, and to the Public, to declare,
that Mr. Mathews, b'ookfeller in London, and he alone, is in pofleffibn of various corrections and improvements,
made by the Author himfelf with a view to a Second Edition ; and the Self-Interpreting Bifile, thus corrected and
improved, is now about to~.be printed by him, with the fanction of our approbation." That the Holy Ghoft may
put his laws into the minds,' and write them in the hearts, of all into whofe hands this Edition may fall, is the earn eft
prayer of their fervants for Jefus' fake,
JOHN BROWN.
Edinburgh, March 17,1789. EBENEZER BROWN.

Dear Sir, 1 he .information I have received of your being engaged in publifhing a New Edition of Brown's
Self-Interpreting Bible gives me much pleafure. I freely confefs I feel myfelf happy in having it thus in
my power, not only to teftify my hearty approbation of your undertaking, and to..wifh you much fuccefs therein,
but peculiarly of recommending the work itfelf. It is, in my poor opinion, by far /the beft Family Bible we have
in our land (I fpeak not this to depreciate the labours of others in this way). The Introduction is highly valuable;
I do not remember that any thing like it has ever been attempted by any other Commentator. And I am perfuaded
that if it were carefully read, and compared with the numerous and very judicious quotations from the facred text,
it would be attended with an ample recompenfe of pleafure and benefit to thofe real Cbriftians whofe time, and
, .labour fhall be. thus employed. The marginal references likewife exceed any thing we have of that kind, as to
-number, fuitablenefs, and correctnefsj and in the reprinting of which I hope the greateft care will be taken, and
the ftricteft attention paid, in order to avoid as far as poffible any error therein. The general account of each
"book, but particularly the new and judicious gathering of the fummary contents of every chapter and pfalm at the
head thereof, contributes in no fmall degree to the beauty and ufefulnefs of the work, and is highly worthy of the
attention of every Reader. — What the reflections at the end of each chapter and pfalm are, as to the pious, and.,
111 general, truly evangelical ftrain of them, mult, I think, ftrike every ferious mind on his firft calling his eye
upon them. It becomes not me to fay much, though, from a proper pen, much might be faid, in commendation
of the learning and judgment difplayed in the large and profitable notes at the foot of the page. Doubtlefs the
propriety of changing the Scottilh words and phrafes into fouthern Englifh will ftrike you, and.l hope be carefully
attended to. As an excellent Family and Cloiet Bible alfo I highly eileem it and cordially recommend it, and
fhall do fo in all my connexions : and I -earneftly pray that the publilhmg of this new Edition may be much and
mercifully attended with the divine blefling to the hearts of thofe into whole hands it may come.
' f I am, Sir,
Liverpool, Jan. 6, .1 7S9. Your, affectionate Friend, and willing fervant for Chrift's fake,
To Mr. Mathews, Bookjeller, Sirand, London. „,- SAMUEL MEDL E Y.
A

Sir, I am happy to be informed that you are about to publifh a Second Edition of that excellent' work
•—the late Rev. Mr. Brown's Self-Interpreting Bible. However unwilling to obtrude my fentiments on
this or any other Subject upon the Public, I cannot in confcience decline my teftimony (however unworthy) to this
mdft important and fpiritual publication.
There are indeed many valuable Commentaries on the facred Scriptures now extant ; each of which have
their feveral and peculiar excellencies in their refpective lines : but as thofe are for the rhoft part comprifed here
in one view, and brought into a much narrower compafs than the voluminous works of moft other Commentators,
this expofition feems better adapted to the leifure, the abilities, and the circymftances of the generality of Readers.
Moreover, as the Work before us is in itfelf judicioufly planned, admirably digefted, and faithfully exe
cuted ; fo that the doctrines of grace and atonement by Jefus are moft clearly and evangelically ftated, proved, and
enforced ; as well as the operations of the Spirit in order to experimental and prs.&ical holinefs in heart and life
powerfully infifted on, (fo proper and neceffary in the prefent day, as an antidote to legality on the one hand, and
Antinomianifm on the other) ; 1 would beg leave earneftly to recommend it, both for family and for private ufe,
to readers of every rank and denomination, and above all to ftudents in divinity and my younger brethren in the
miniftry, humbly trufting that it will be accompanied with the unction of the Holy Ghoft, and fo be moft effec
tually bleft to the glorjrof God in Chrift Jefus ; and to the edification, comfott, and happinefs, of the church;
We may alfo obferve more particularly, as a farther commendation of this admirable Commentary, that it
contains, I. A moft judicious and valuable Introduction, which exhibits at large the chief proofs of the divine authority
of the Scriptures, and the rules moft neceffary for understanding the fame ; — the Jewifh laws and types — the geo
graphy and hiftory of nations fo needful for the elucidation of the historical and prophetical parts of the Bible —
and a chronological harmony of the Scripture hiftories, and of the fulfilment of its -predictions.
2. Explanatory notes at the bottom of the page, well calculated to clear up the moft obfcure paffages, and to
throw great light upon the whole.
3. Marginal references, which I apprehend are more numerous than any that have yet appeared' in fimilar
publications; and thofe not merely to parallel paffages, but even fo explanatory asjuftly to claim its proper title;
The Self-Interpreting Bible : add to this, that there are to be great improvements in "this New Edition, viz. many
thoufands of references and other alterations, printed from the late Reverend Author's manufcript corrections; and
(what I think an excellent plan) it is alfo intended to print the reference-letter fo as to ftand out from the Scrip
tures referred to, and therefore to be inftantly found as foon as looked for.
4. Summary contents prefixed to each chapter.
5. Reflections at the end of the chapters, at once clear and judicious, concife and comprehensive, evangelical
and heart-fearehing. Upon the whole, I can venture to fay, it is in- my humble opinion (as indeed the whole works of this. late ex
cellent man are) a moft ufeful and important publication, admirably well adapted to the improvement, edification,
and comfort, of all pcrfons who have the word of God for a lamp to their feet, and the .Spirit of God for their
teacher and guide into all the truth as it is in Jefus, To whofe divine blefling heartily commending this important
Work,
Spur-fir eet, Leicefler-fquare, March 22, 1789.- 1 remain, Sir, .
To Mr. James Mathews,, Strand.. Your faithful Servant in ourcommon Lord,
s T. WILLS..

Sir, It is a maxim, which every pious and intelligent lover of the Sacred Writings will be moft happy
to fee univerfally received — that " the Scriptures are the beft Interpreter of themfelves." Both the Divine and
the Chriftian will derive more real inftruction and advantage, by the bleffing of God, from u comparing fpiritual
" things with fpiritual ;" the Old Teftament with the New; one paffage of the Bible with another; than by all
the fecondary aids of learning and criticifm they can poffibly adopt.
Upon this principle, I feel myfelf Sufficiently authorifed to approve and commend your excellent defign of re
printing the late reverend and laborious Mr. Brown's "Self-Interpreting Bible." Irrespective of that peculiar idea,
the copious and valuable Introduction — the great multitude of margined references — the very appofite explanatory notes
— together with the concife, yet comprehenfive and evangelical, reflections at the clofe of each chapter, confpire to render
this Edition of The Word of God and Truth uncommonly defirable in every Chriftian family.
As you have requested my opinion of it, I beg leave to add, I Shall think it an honour, Should my name be
the occafion of introducing this Work to the notice of any perfon, who is not already acquainted with it. I moft
fincerely wifh you'fuccefs and encouragement in this ufeful undertaking; and am, Sir,
Lower Grofvenor-B lace, March 31, 1789. With due refpect, your obedient fervant,
To Mr. James Mathews, No. 18, Strand. C. E. DE COETLOGON.

Sir, 1 Wish you fuccefs in your defign of a new Edition of Mr. Brown's Self-Interpreting
Bible. You afk for my name with others to recommend it to the Public — Its real worth is its beft recommenda
tion. Though the appearance of being a public recommender of books has in it fomething that creates a blufh ;
yet, if I can thereby add to the number of the purchafers of Such an excellent publication, I muft forego my
feelings upon the prefent occafion.
Surrey Chapel, April 23, 1789. I remain your's Sincerely,
fo Mr. James Mathews, Bookfeller, No. 18, Strand. ROWLAND HILL.

Sir, I Can affure you it gives me real pleafure to find you are going to publifh a new Edition of that
fcarce and truly valuable book, The Self-Interpreting Bible, — a book which is above all commendation.
After an intimate acquaintance with it for Seven years, both in the Study and the family, I fcruple not to give it
as my opinion that it exceeds moft, I may very juftly add all, publications of its Size and kind : added to the
peculiar excellency of the matter contained in the Introduction, Reflect ions, and Notes, it poffeffes the advantage
of compreffing much into a Small compafs.
The many thoufands of marginal references, and other corrections of the late pious Author, which will be
added to this Edition, with the new and Striking method of arranging the fame, muft, I think, be efteemed by
every judicious inquirer after truth a very great acquisition.
I am happy alfo to hear, that an Editor- of ability and piety is engaged to correct the whole, fupprefs the
ScotticiSms, and alter Such words as may appear uncouth to the Englifh reader. I could alfo wifh to fee at lead a
part of, the numberlefs Interjections which are interfperfed through the Reflections fuppreffed. I will only add
that lam fo convinced of its excellency and general tendency to inftruct and edify the Reader, that I take t>c
liberty of recommending it both to families and private Chriftians. And, if my brethren in the miniftry will per
mit me, I would recommend it to thofe who may not be acquainted with its value, and to all young Undents in
-divinity, as one of the moft profitable companions of their Study.
Az

That fuch ufeful works as thefe may long continue to be relifhed by the Public at large, and be made a blefT-
ing to each individual Reader, is the fincere and fervent prayer of your well-wifher in the prefent undertaking, and
at all times Rotherhithe, April 2, 1789. Your ready fervant in the Gofpel,
To Mr. James Mathews, Bookfeller, Strand. JOHN TOWNSEND.

Sir, Lver Since I have been acquainted with Brown's Bible it has had the firft place in my efteem
as a Family Bible : — the numerous and juft References and excellent Reflections are well calculated to aflift the
Serious mind in making the beft improvement of the beft of books; and — what I much admire, and efteem as moft
effential — they are truly evangelical, and lead the fin and felf-ruined helplefs finner to the Infinite Saviour, his
only hope — his help — his all.
With fuch fentiments of Brown's Bible, I- could not but recommend it to my ferious friends, many of whom
bought it, and more would have poffeffed the treafure, had not all the copies been fold, and fecond-hand ones
been fo Scarce and dear.
I have long wifhed fome one would reprint it, and was glad to find you had undertaken the laudable work,
with the improvement of making it more eafy to find out the references, and more intelligent and grateful to the
Englifh reader, which will add to its value.
If you think my infignificant name will have any influence to recommend it to the religious world, you are
welcome to put this in its proper (the loweft) place among your recommendatory letters. And may the Spirit of
Truth glorify Jehovah Jesus in the eyes, hearts, and lives, of every Reader, by guiding them into, and Sanc
tifying them through^ the Truth as it is in Him, in whom
Drayton, Shropfhire, April 25, 1789. lam, Sir, your willing fervant,
To Mr. James Mathews, Bookfeller, No. 18, Strand, London. JONATHAN SCOTT.

To the READER.

"OT to depreciate the valuable commentaries of Pool, Patrick, Clark, Henry, Burket, Gill, Dod
dridge, Guyfe, &c. &c. ; but to -exhibit their principal fubftance.with all poffible advantage, in
a manner that might belt comport with the ability and leifure of the poorer and labouring part of man
kind ; and efpecially to render the oracles of God their own interpreter, and enable every ferious reader
to judge for himfelf what doctrines ought to be believed and what duties practifed by the Chriftian ; are
the avowed aims of this publication.
In the copious Introduction, the principal proofs of the divine authority of the Old and
New TeStaments, and the rules neceffary to promote the profitable perufal of the oracles of God
therein contained, are largely exhibited. The connected fcheme of the Hebrew Laws, and their
evangelical Signification, — and of the fate of nations, narrated or predicted in fcripture, as fubfervient
to the glorious work of our redemption, — together with the large Chronological Index, — form a
Summary of the moft celebrated labours of the learned world on thefe diversified fubjects. An accurate
attention thereto will, through the blefling of God, greatly affift in Searching the fcriptures with fuccefs.
The Contents of the facred books, and their refpedtive chapters, are an accurate, full, and expli
catory, representation of their Subject.  Properly attending to thefe, the reader muft difcern of whom,
or of what, the Holy Ghost there fpeaks, and understand the paffage accordingly. He may eafily
fix in his mind a general, but diitinct, view of the whole fyftem of mfpiratiou ; and thus be capable^
with the utmoft readinefs, to find out or compare whatever paffages of fcripture he may defire.
The Explanatory Notes- are chiefly confined to the figurative, the prophetic, and the practical,
parts. Here the obfcurity of fcripture, or the importance of faith and hoiinefs, chiefly/required them.
In our Saviour's delightful difcourfes, and the epiftles of his infpired meffengers, our holy relipion
is moft fully delineated ; and there the explication is peculiarly extenfive, and attempts to exhibit the
fubftance of many learned and expenfive commentaries, in a manner which, attending to the beautiful
connection, clearly unfolds the fcope and meaning of the Spirit of God.
A particular and lively application of divine truth to the heart, and an unfpotted hoiinefs of conver
sation, being the immediate end of God's revelations to men, the contents of each chapter, which are
often in an explicatory manner, are in the Reflections practically Summed up, and directed home
to the reader himfelf, for enlightening his underftanding, awakening his coafcience, warming his
heart, and for directing and animating his practice.

An exact knowledge of the seasons in which the oracles of God were delivered, or the events men
tioned in them took place, being of no fmall importance for obtaining a diftinct perception of their
meaning, the dates before and after our Saviour's incarnation have been adjufted from the beft chro-
nologers, and marked in the margin.
But, as every Proteftant muft allow the fcripture itfelf to be its own beft interpreter — as God, to
oblige men to a diligent fearch of his word, comparing fpiritual things with fpiritual, has feldom
fully unfolded any of his more important truths in one particular paflage — the uncommon collection
of parallel scriptures, fuch as is not to be found any where elfe that I know of, has formed
the moft laborious, and will, to the diligent perufer, be found by far the moft valuable, part of the
work. Some of thefe are Similar in phrafe, others in meaning, and, in fine, others in their fcope and
defign. In -thefe, and others which maybe added, we have a delightful view of the Harmony of
the fcripture, and multiplied Proofs of every article of our Chriftian faith ; we have a real Concord
ance, which, may abundantly furnifh preachers and others with their defired quotations ; we have, in
little room, a large Commentary, infinitely more certain than any dictates of men ; and of which
the very words are, as nails and as goads, pointed and faftened by the great Mafter of affemblies. In a
truly diligent comparifon of them, many texts all at once explain, and are explained by, each other.
Nor, unlefs at SirSt, will the careful reader find much trouble in comparing the texts : but the mere view
of the marginal quotations will direct his memory to that part of them which corresponds with the Sentence
to which they are annexed fqr explication. And, for his encouragement, I can truly fay that my labour,
in collecting the parallel texts in this work, has afforded me much more pleasant insight into the
oracles of God than all the numerous commentaries which I ever perufed.
Thus we may Hften to and converfe with God, and lay our confciences open to the infpired arrows of
our all-conquering Redeemer ; — we find his words, and eat them, to the joy and health of our foul; we
hide them in our heart, that we may not fin againft him ; we become mighty in the fcriptures, and
expert in handling this fword of the Spirit, in opposition to every enemy of our foul : in fine, we are
made wife unto falvation ; are reproved, corrected, and instructed in righteoufnefs, and perfectly fur«
jiifhed for every good work. May the Lord himfelf profper it for thefe ends ! J. BROWN.

A TABLE of OFFICES and CONDITIONS of MEN.

TDATRIARCHS, or Fathers of families, fuch as Abraham,
Ifaac, and Jacob, and his fons.
Judges, Temporary fupreme Governors, immediately
appointed by God over the children of Ifrael.
Kings, and they either of the whole nation, or after
the falling off of the ten tribes, of Judah or Ijrael.
Elders, Senators, the LXX, or Sanhedrim.
Officers, Provofts, Sheriffs, or Executioners.
Judges, Inferior Rulers, fuch as determine controver
sies in particular cities.
Ifraelites, Hebrews, defcendants from Jacob.
An Hebrew oi Hebrews, an Ifraelite by original extrac
tion. A Brofelyte of the Covenant, who was circumcifed, and
Submitted to the whole law.
A Brofelyte of the Gate, or Stranger, who worfhipped
one God, but remained uncircumcifed.
Officers under the Affyrian or Perfian Moncrchs.
Tirjhatha, or Governor appointed by the kings of
Affyria or Berfia.
Heads of the Captivity , the Chief of each tribe or fa
mily, who exercifed a -precarious government during the
captivity. Under the Grecian Monarchs, Superior Officers.
Maccabees, the Succeffors of Judas Maccabeus, high
priefts, who prefided with kingly power.
Under the Roman Emperors. •
Brefidents, or Governors, fent from Rome with impe
rial power.
Tetrarchs, who had kingly power in four provinces.
Broconfuls, or Deputies of Provinces.
Inferior Officers.
Publicans, or Tax-gatherers.
Centurions, Captains of an hundred men.
Ecclefiaftical Officers, or Seels of mem
High Briefs, who only might enter the Holy of Holies.
Second Briefs,, or Sagdn, who fupplied the high prieft's
office, in cafe he were difabled.
High Briefs for- the War, fet apart for the occafion of
an expedition.
Briefs, Levites of the fons oi Aaron, divided into
twenty-four ranks,, each, rank ferving weekly in the
temple..

Levites, of the tribe of Levi, but not oi Aaron's family^
of thefe were three orders, Gerfhonites, Kohathites,-
Merarites, feveral fons oi Levi.
Nethinims, inferior fervants to the Priefts and Levites,
(not of their tribe) to draw water, and cleave wood, &c.
Prophets, anciently called Seers, who foretold future.
events, and denounced God's judgments.
Children of the Prophets, their difciples or fcholars.
Wife men, called fo in imitation of the Eaftern Magi,3
or Gentile Philofophers.
Scribes, Writers and Expounders of the law.
Difputers, thafraifed and determined questions out of
the law.
Rabbles or Doilors, Teachers of Ifrael.
Libertines, Freed men of Rome, who, being Jews or'
Profelytes, had a Synagogue or oratory for themfelves.'
Gaulonites or Galileans, who pretended it unlawful to-
obey an heathen magistrate.
Herodians, who Shaped their religion to the, times, and;
particularly flattered Herod.
Epicureans, who placed all happinefs in pleafure.
Stoics, who denied the liberty of the will, and pre
tended all events were determined by fatal ¦neceffity..
Simon Magus, Author of the herefy of the Gnofics, who-
taught that men, however vicious their practice was,.
Should be faved by their knowledge.
Nicolaitans, the difciples of Nicolas, one of the firffc
feven deacons, who taught the community of wives.
Nazarites, who under a vow abftained from wine, &c„.
Nazarenes, Jews profefling Christianity.. -
Zelots, Sicarii, or Murderers, who under pretence of
:the law thought themfelves'- authorifed to commit, any
outrage. Pharifees, Separatists, who, upon the opinion of their.'
own godlinefs, defpifed all others..
Sadducees, who denied the refurrection of the dead,.
angels, and fpirits.
Samaritans, Mongrel' profeffors, partly Heathen and -
partly Jews, the offspring of the Ajjyrians fent to Samaria.
Apofles, Miflionaries, or perfons fent ; they who were
fent by our Saviour,- from- their, number, were called;
The Tzvelve..
Bifhops,. Succeffors of the Apoftles in the government
of the church.
Deacons, Officers . chofen by the Apoftles to take care.
of the poor,.

T roofs of the divine

INTRODUCTION.

Infpiration of fcripture.

1 Tim. iii. 15—17. 2 Pet. i. ig."— - Many of the Sentences re
corded in fcripture are not infpired in themfelves, being the words
of Satan or of wicked men ; but the fcripture report relative to
thefe expreffions is directed by divine infpiration. — That our books
of the Old and New Teftament, the Apocryphal tracts being-
excluded from both, are of an infallible and divine original,
is thus evident.
I. The Subject matter of them requires a divine infpiration.
The hiftory of the creation, and part of that of the flood, &c.
therein related, were known only to God. Myft'eries relative to
the Trinity of perfons in the Godhead; the covenant of grace ;
the incarnation of the Son of God; his undertaking, offices, and
ftates, and our union with him ; juftification, adoption, fane
tification, Spiritual comfort, and eternal bleffednefs, in him ; are
therein declared; — which God only could comprehend ordifcover.
The Scheme of religion therein prefcribed is fo pure and benevo
lent, that God alone could devife or appoint it. — While it repre
sents the Moft High as every where prefent, as infinitely perfect,
powerful, wife, and good, holy,' juft, and true — an infinitely gra
cious lover of righteoufnefs, and hater of iniquity, — as our boun
tiful Creator and Preferver, and as the infinitely merciful Re
deemer of our fouls, by the obedience and death of his only be
gotten Son, — it requires us to know, believe in, and revere, him
with our whole heart, foul, mind, and Strength, as our Father,
Friend, Hufband, Saviour, and Portion, in Chrift; and confi
dently to depend on him,, and afk from him whatever we need Li
time or eternity; and to obey him in all that he commands, as
children whom he hath begotten again to a lively hope, and efta-
blifhed as the heirs of his everlafting -inheritance. We are here
taught how human nature may be truly improved and perfected, by
our receiving Jefus Chrift as made of God unto us wifdom, righ
teoufnefs, fanctification, and redemption,— as an effectual principle
and root of true ^jolinefs ;— and by our walking in him by faith,
denying ungodlinefs and wordly lufts, and living foberly, righ-
teoufly, and godly, patiently, contentedly, and cheerfully, — fetting
our affections upon things above, where Chrift is, and through the
Spirit mortifying every finful and ferfifh inclination. We are.
taught to love our neighbours as ourfelves, — perfectly fulfilling the
particular duties of every relative ftation ; and to lay afide all ma
lice, envy, hatred, revenge, or other malevolent difpofitions or
paffions; to love our enemies; to render good for evil, blefling
for curling ; and to pray for them that defpitefully ufe us. Thefe'
laws of univerfal purity and benevolence are prefcribed with an
authority proper only to God, and extended to fuch a compafs and
degree as . God alone can demand : and thofe fins are forbidden
which God alone can obferve or prohibit. The moft powerful
motives to duty, and diffuafrves from vice, are here moft wifely
propofed, and powerfully urged ; motives drawn from the nature,
the promifes, the threatenings, the mercies, and the judgments,
of God ; particularly from his kindnefs in the work of our re
demption, and his new covenant relations to us in Chrift ; and
from advantages or difadvantages, temporal, fpiritual, and eternal.
And, while the moft excellent means of directing and exciting to,
and of exercifing, piety and virtue, are eftabliihed, in the moft
prudent forms and authoritative manner, the moft perfect and en
gaging patterns of hoiinefs and virtue are fet befoie us in the
example of Jefus Chrift our Redeemer, and of God as reconciled
in him, and reconciling the world to himfelf; Exod. xx. 1 — 17 ;
Lev. xviii — xx. Deut. iv — xxv. Mat. v — vii. Rom. vi. xii — xv.
Gal. v. vi. Eph. iv — vi. Col. iii. iv. 1 Then", v. Tit. ii. James
i — v. 1 Pet. i — v. 2 Pet. i. 1 John i — v. &c. &c.
II. The manner in which thefe fubjects are exhibited in the
fcriptures is evidently divine ; — wife, condefcending, and yet ma-
jeftic. The difcoveries have been gradual, as men flood in need
of them or were in a proper condition to receive them; Gen. iii.
ix. xii. xvii, &c, Heb. i. 1. The principal points ; as of God's

new covenant grant of himfelf to finful men ; his full Satisfaction
in and with Chrift as our Mediator ; and the law of the ten com
mandments ; were declared from heaven with uncommon Solem
nity; Mat. iii. 17; and xvii. 5; Exod. xx. 1 — 18; &c. And,
while thefe and other "Similar truths are announced in a ftyle the.
moft plain and Simple, there appears therein Something aft onifh-
ingly fublime and majeftic. While the dictates are authorized,
with a thus saith the Lord, the very ftyle, particularly irv
fcripture fongs, Job, Pfalms, Lamencations, and Ifaiah, and in
our Saviour's difcourfes, &c. is at once furprifingly fuited to the >
dignity (t the Author, the nature of the fubject, and the conditions
of the perfons addreffed.
III. The manifeft scope of the fcriptures is to render fiiv
loathfome and hated,* and to promote hoiinefs and virtue; — to-
humble men, and reform them from their beloved lufts and finful.
practices, and to exalt and glorify God to the higheft. No good
angel or man could dare to perfonate God in the manner of the fcrip~
tures : nor could bad angels or men publifh, and fo warmly incul
cate, what is fo remarkably contrary to their own vicious inclina
tions and honour. It therefore remains that God alone muft be
the author and inditer of them.
IV. Notwithftanding the dictates of fcripture are fo extremely Con
trary to the natural inclinations of mankind, and were publifhed with
out any concert by various perfons, of very different conditions, and ia-
different ages and places, yet fuch is the marvellous harmony of all the
parts, in their whole matter and fcope, as irrefragably demonftrates-
that thefe penmen muft all have been directed by the fame Spirit of
God. One part of our Bible is fo connected with, and tends to the
eftabliftiment of, another, that we cannot reafonably receive any part
without receiving the whole. In the New Teftament we have the
historical narrative of the fulfilment of the typical and verbal pre--
dictions of the Old. In both Teftaments the fubfequent books, or
fubfequent parts of a book, are connected with that which went
before, as a narrative of the execution of a fcheme begun, or of
the fulfilment of a prophecy declared. If we receive the hiftory,
we muft alfo receive the prediction. If we admit the prediction,,
we muft believe the_ hiftory. To a diligent fearcher of the Scrip
tures, it cannot fail to occafion a moft pleafant aftonifhtnent, to
find every where the fame facts fuppofed, related, or prepared for ;.
the fame doctrines of a gracious redemption through Jefus Chrift;
exhibited, or fuppofed to be true ; the fame rules or exemplifications
of piety and virtue, and motives thereto; the fame promifes of mercy,
or threatejiings of juft mifery, to perfons, focieties, or nations, ex
hibited without a Single contradiction. When there is an appearance.
of contradiction, it will be found that the different paffages do not
refpect the fame thing or perfon, in the fame refpefi, and in the
fame ctrcumfances of time, place, or manner ; and fo there is no.
contradiction at all.
V. The manifeft character of the penmen further evinces
the divine original of the fcriptures. They every where difcover
the utmoft candour and difintereftednefs : they every where can
didly publifh the infirmities, or even faults, of themfelves, their
friends, and nation. None of them ever gained any thing in this
world by their work but trouble and vexation : and, according to.
their own principles, they could obtain nothing in the next but
everlafting deftruction, if they indulged themfelves in any impof-
ture. The matter and manner of their work infinitely tranfeended
their abilities. Setting their predictions, afide for a moment, how
could men of the beft education, and efpecially men of no educa
tion, form fuch exalted fchemes of fenfe, piety, and virtue ! Or
how could wicked men, infpired by Satan, publifh and profecute
fuch a fcheme of myStery, hoiinefs, and morality \ Such is the
character of Jefus Chrift, drawn by the four evangelifts, with
every mark of Simplicity and candour, and in which ignominious
fuffering is made a leading article, that the delineation, thereof, and
that too by perfons of no uncommon knowledge, without a real

Proofs of the divine

INTRODUCTION.

infpiration of fcripture \

and exactly anfwerable model, would, to every unbiaffed fee-
thinker, appear more incredible and impoffible than even the in
carnation, obedience, and death, of the Son of God, therein at-
tefted, however aftonifhing.
VI. The providence of God has, in a moft marvellous manner,
preserved the fcriptures of the Old and New Teftament from
being loft or corrupted. While perhaps millions of other books,
once of considerable fame In the world, and which no one fought
to extirpate, are loft and forgotten, the fcriptures, though more
early written, and though Satan and his agents unnumbered have
hated them, and fought to caufe their memory to perifh from
among men, or to corrupt them, ftill remain, and remain in their
purity. In great wifdom and kindnefs, God, for their preferva-
tion, ordered an original copy to be laid up in the holy of holies ;
Deut. xxxi. 26 ; and that every Hebrew king fhould write out a
copy for himfelf; Deut. xvii. 18 ; and appointed the careful and
frequent reading of them, both in private and public. With
aftonifhing kindnefs and wifdom has he made the contending par
ties who had accefs to the fcriptures — fuch as the Jews and Ifrael-
ites, the Jews and Samaritans, the Pharifees and Sadducees, the
Jews and Chriftians, and the various parties of Christians —
mutual checks upon each other for almoft three thoufand years
paft ; that they might not be able either to extirpate or to corrupt
any part of them. When the Chriftians had almoft utterly loft the
knowledge of the Hebrew originals, God, by his providence,
ifirred up the Jewifh rabbins to an uncommon labour for preferv-
ingthem in their purity, by marking the number of letters, and
- how often each was repeated, in their Maforas. By what tre
mendous judgments did he reftrain and punifh Antiochus Epi-
phanes the Syro-grecian king, Dioclefian the Roman emperor,
and others, who attempted to deftroy the copies of fcripture, in
order to extirpate the Jewifh or Chriftian religion ! And he has
beftowed amazing fupport and confolation on fuch as hav.e rifked
or parted with their lives rather than deny the dictates of fcripture,
or in the leaft contribute to their extirpation or mifinterpretation.
By quickly.multiplying the copies or the readers of the fcriptures,
he rendered it impoffible to corrupt them in any thing important,
¦without caufing the corruption all at once to ftart up into every
copy difperfed through the. world, and into the memories of
almoft every reader ; — than which nothing could be more abfurd
to fuppofe. Nay, it is obfervable that, of all the thoufands of
various readings which the learned have collected,, not one in the
leaft enervates any point of our faith or duty towards God or man.
VII. Multitudes of miracles, which only the infinite power
of God could effect, have been wrought for the confirmation of
the doctrines and facts mentioned in the fcriptures, and for evincing
the divine miflion of the principal publifhers thereof. The wifdom
and goodnefs of God required him, efpecially when, in the days
of Mofes and Chrift, he was eftabliaiing a new form of worfhip,
to mark the important declarations of his will with fome diftin-
guiihing charaSferi/iia, awakening to confideration. Nothing
appears more proper for this end than a feries of uncontrolled mi
racles, which no power could check, and which fupported nothing
but what was agreeable to reafon, So far as it could conceive of it!
Neither reafon nor experience can admit that the infinite wifdom
.-and goodnefs of God could permit one, much lefs multitudes, of
^uncontrolled miracles to be wrought for the confirmation of falfe-
;hood. But the miracles wrought in confirmation of the fcriptures
¦have every favourable circumftance that could be wifhed. Their
number was almoft beyond reckoning, and all of them calculated
-to anfwer fome great and benevolent end. According to the na
ture of the broken law, many of thofe, wrought by Mofes, Elijah,
and Elifha, were tremendous and dreadful. According to the na
ture of the gofpel which they published, the miracles wrought by
Jefus Chrift and his apoftles were generally of a benevolent nature
and tendency. Moreover, moft of the miracles mentioned in

fcripture were performed in fo public a manner, that both friends
and foes had the fulleft accefs to a thorough examination of their
nature and certainty. Moft of them were wrought when the
concurrent circumftances of providence loudly called mankind to
obferve and examine them. Moft of them— as the paffage of the
Hebrews through the Red fea and through Jordan ; the forty years'
fuftenance of the people in the Arabian defert, by manna from
heaven and water from a rock ; the ftoppage or retrograde motion
of the fun; the feeding of thoufands with a few loaves and fifties;
and the raifing of dead perfons — were of fuch a nature, that no
thing lefs than abfurdity itfelf can fuppofe the fenfes of the witneffes
to have been deceived, or that any power lefs than divine could
have produced them. Befides, all thefe miracles were wrought in
confirmation of a religion the mof holy, pure, and benevolent ; and
moft of them by perfons who were eminent patterns of virtue.
And that fuch miracles were wrought, is in part attefted by the
inveterate enemies thereof, whether Jews or heathens.
VIII. The project of reforming mankind by the fcriptures,
and the manifeft success thereof, is a continued miraculous proof
of their divine original. What, but a certain evidence of his di
vine commiffion, could have made Mofes rifk his character — that,
on the Sixth day of the week, the whole Hebrew nation in the
wildernefs fhould always find manna Sufficient for two days, and
that the Sixth year fhould always produce a double crop ; and, on
that fuppofition, enact a ftanding law, that they fhould never at
tempt to gather manna on the feventh day, or to cultivate their
fields on the feventh year. Without certain affurance of divine
protection from their inveterate enemies on every hand, on thofe
occafions, could he ever have required that all their males, able to
walk, fhould, three times every year, leave their homes, and af-
fembie to keep the facred feftivals near the middle of their country?
Without manifeft warrant from God, could he ever have hoped
that there would be a fufficiency of males in Aaron's family to
execute the priefthood for all Ifrael, free from all thofe blemifhes
which he marks out as excluding from that office ? Without this,
could he ever have hoped that the frnall country of Canaan could
afford fuftenance for his numerous nation, while they were de
barred from fo many kinds of eatables, and were required to give
yearly fo much of the product to the Lord ?  The project of
Christianity, and its success, are ftill more aftonifhing. Nothing
lefs than a certain warrant and almighty influence from God could
effect the one or the other. How is it poflible that a few men,
Weak or villanous, without the fmalleft affiftance from worldly
influence, could ever form a fcheme to reform the whole world
from principles and practices, deep-rooted in their inclination, and
firmly eftablifhed by extenfive cuftom, by long confirmed laws,
and the high and univerfal authority of nations, — by mere declara
tions of wha£ they thought true ? — nay, by what they knew to be
falfehood if they were impoftors ! How could villains, or even
the weakeft, choofe for their hero One who had been always con
temned, and had lately been crucified between thieves as a noted
malefactor, by the common confent of his own countrymen ! —
One who, if he was not God in our nature, had abufed his dif
ciples' confidence, and decoyed them into a train of temporal and
eternal miferies ! — One who had never encouraged them to hope
for any thing in this world, in following him, but croffes, hatred,
reproach, imprifonment, tortures, and death ; — nor, if they in
dulged themfelves in a fraudulent profecr.tion of their caufe, for
any thing in the future ftate but everlafting deftruction '. How
ftupendous, and abfolutely incredible, that a few villanous pro
jectors of reformation fhould begin their work, a few weeks after,
in the very place where, and among the very multitude by whom,
Jefus their hero had been ignominior.ily crucified ; — and.-thould in
the moft public and undaunted manner, in the face of danger and
death, avo «/ him to be the Son of God ; and to have rifen from
the dead, afcended to heaven, and fat down at the right hand of
a 2

Proofs of the divine

INTRODUCTION.

infpiration of fcripture--

God ; — that, amidft the deepeft poverty, cruel hatred, calumnious
reproach, and inhuman perfecution from enemies, they fhould,
with unwearied Zealand cheerfulnefs, carry on their project, never
appearing to covet any outward honour or wealth ; — and that they
Should form a fyftem of doctrines and morals, infinitely Superior,
in SenSe and dignity, to all the productions of Socrates, Plato,
Ariftotle, Cicero, and other renowned doctors of the heathen
world ! How aftonifhing is it, that theSe few preachers, without
the fmalleft encouragement from earthly powers, fhould fo triumph
over the craft, the rage, and power, of the infuriated Jews ;
triumph over the pride, the policy, and power, of the Roman em
pire, when at its full ftrength and matureft fagacity ; — over the
pride of learning, • and the obftinacy of ignorance, hatred, preju
dice, and luft ; — over the hardened inclinations, deep-rooted cuf-
toms, and long-fixed laws, of Jews and heathens ; — and that,
contrary to every temptation from outward advantage, nay, not-
withftanding every conceivable form of oppofition, the gofpel
fhould, within a few years after Chrift's afcenfion, be preached in
almoft every corner of the Roman empire and the countries adja
cent ;— and that multitudes, at the hazard of every temporal lofs
or punifhment from men, fhould readily believe, constantly adhere
to, and cheerfully and Strictly practife, the fame ! And it is
equally aftonifhing that, for more than feventeen hundred years,
notwithftanding innumerable perfecutions, together with the wick-
ednefs of profeflbrs, and the inconceivable villanies or bafe in
difference of the clergy, this'project has been more or lefs fuccefs-
ful in reforming the hearts and lives of multitudes in almoft every
nation of importance under heaven.
IX. Nothing more clearly demonftates the divine authority of
the fcriptures than the exail fulfilment of the typical and verbal
predictions therein exhibited, in the moft circumftantial manner,
hundreds or thoufands of years before that fulfilment took place,
or there was the fmalleft appearance of it. Predictions (efpecially
as abeve circumftantiated) neceffarily imply a looking with cer
tainty through an infinity of poffible events, and feeing and deter
mining what Shall certainly happen and what not. Such forefight
and determination can only take place in the omnifcient and al
mighty Governor of the world, who alone can declare the end
from the beginning. — To mark the all-feeing Jehovah, the author
of fcripture, its pages are crouded with predictions, the exact ful
filment of which is recorded in the infpired and other hiftories
written Since the events took place. Almoft every hiftorical paf
fage in our bible is a narrative of fomething antecedently foretold.
The New Teftament is little elfe than a reprefentation of the ful
filment of the types and predictions of the Old, relative to Jefus
Chrift and his gofpel church. Nay, the hiftories of churches and
nations, from the beginning to the end of the world, do, to a ju
dicious obferver, reprefent little more than the fulfilment of fcrip
ture predictions, as to the families of Adam and Noah ; the Ca-
naanites, Amalekites, Ammonites, Moabites, Edomites, Phili
stines, Egyptians, Ethiopians, Syrians, Affyrians, Chaldeans,
Perfianr, Greeks, Romans, Saracens, Tartars, including Goths,
Hann^, and Turks; and especially the Jews, Jefus Chrift, the
New Teftament church, and Antichrift; as Shall be hereafter ma
nifested. This proof, drawn from the fulfilment of predictions,
increafes in evidence more and more as that fulfilment takes place
and is obferved. The difperfion and mifery of the Jewifh nation,
So long continued, or fo often repeated ; the progrefs and conti
nuance of the gofpel among the Gentiles; the long-continued
dominion of the popes, and the partial revolt from it at the re
formation ; the paft and prefent condition of the Turkifh empire ;
the prefent fate of Affyria, Chaldea, Arabia, Phenicia, Canaan,
Esrypf, &c. in exact correfpondence to fcripture predictions, are
ftandino- teftimonfes of the divine original of our bibles, no lefs
concluitve and Striking than if we had miracles wrought
every day. 7

X. Though the above arguments are fufficient to filence gain-
fayers^ and to produce a rational conviction that the fcriptures are
of divine original and authority, it is only the effectual application
of them to our mind, confcience, and heart, in their self-evi
dencing divine light and power, which can produce a cor-,
dial and faving perfuafion that they are indeed the word of God.
But, when thus -applied, this word brings >along with it fuch light,
fuch authority, and fuch fanctifying and comforting power, that
there is no Shutting our eyes nor hardening our hearts againft it ;
no po/Tibility of continuing Stupid and unconcerned under it : but
the whole faculties of our foul are neceffarily affected with it, as
indeed marked with divine evidence, and attended with almighty
power; i ThefT. i. 5 ; and ii. 13 ; John vi. 63.
1
CHAP. II.
Of Rules for underfanding the fcriptures of the Old and Nezw
Tefiaments.
I. LET us labour, in much fervent prayer and Supplication, for
the powerful influence and inhabitation of the Holy Ghoft, (who per
fectly underfands the fcriptures, and indited and appointed them for
our fpiritual edification), that he may effectually interpret and apply
them to our heart. He is the Spirit of wifdom anfl revelation in the
knowledge of Chrift; He it is who fearcheth all things, yea, the deep
things of God : — He is the Anointing, that is Truth, and teacheth
all things. He can enlighten our eyes, and make us to know the
things freely given us of God, and to fee wondrous things out of
God's law; can make, "us, by the fcriptures, wifer than our teachers
— wife unto falvation ; Eph. i. 17, 18; and iii. 16 — 19; 1 Cor.
ii. 10, 12; 1 John ii. 20, 27; Pf. cxix. 18,96 — 108; 2 Tim.
iii. 15 — 17.
II. Being renewed in the fpirit of our minds, and having in us
the mind of Chrif, we ought, under a deep fenfe of God's pre-
fence and authority in the fcripture, earnefly, and with much f elf-
denial, to fearch the fcriptures, by much ferious reading and me
ditation thereon; chiefly that we may fpiritually know the mind,
behold the glory, and feel the effectual power, of God therein, in
order to our faith in and obedience to them. The natural man
receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God : it is the man who
feareth God to whom he will teach his way, and reveal the fecrets
of his covenant: — it is the man who hath the Spirit of Chrif, the
mind of Chrif — who hath feen the Lord, and tafled that he is gra
cious — the man who hath had his eyes opened, that can difcern, judge
of, and underfand, the matter or manner of fcripture revelations j
1 John ii. 20, 27; Pf. xxv. 12, 14; 1 Cor. ii. 14 — 16; Johnxiv..
21 — 23 ; Luke xxiv. 45 ; Pf. cxix. 18. A deep fenfe of our igno
rance, and of our abfolute need of fcripture influence, muft ani
mate us to the earned ftudy of knowledge. He, who thinks that
of himfelf he knows divine things to any purpofe, knoweth nothing
as he ought to know — only with the lowly is wifdom. God, who
reftfteth the proud, giveth grace to the humble : the meek will he
guide in judgment ; the meek will he teach his way. The my ft cries-
of the kingdom he hides from, the felf-conceited, wife, and prudent;
and reveals them unto babes; 1 Cor. viii. 2 ; Prov. xi. 2 ; James
iv. 6; Pf. xxv. 9; Mat. xiii. 11 ; and xi. 25. Scarcely can any
thing tend more effectually to blind the mind, and harden the
heart, than the fearching of the fcriptures in a philofophical manner,
regarding merely or chiefly the rational fenfe of the paffage. Hence
multitudes of preachers, who daily ftudy the fcriptures for the fake
of their external performances, are of all men the moft ignorant
how Chrift's words are fpirit and life. The god of this world
blinds their minds; fo that, hearing many things, they never open
their eyes; and, feeing many things, they never, behold one truth,
or the fubject thereof, in its^glory; Ifa. lvi. 9; vi. 9, 10 ; and xiii. ¦
18, 19 ; 2 Cor. iv. 3,4.

Rules for right under/landing

INTRODUCTION.

the fcriptures:

III. We. muft earneftly fludy to reduce all our fcriptural knowledge
to pratlue. Not any number of the beft rules can make an ap
prentice to understand his bufinefs fo much as a considerable prac
tice therein. When Serious contemplation of fcripture and expe
rimental feeling and practice of it meet together, true fcriptural
knowledge muft needs be greatly -enlarged and fweetened. The
man that doth Chrif s will, he jhall know of his doBrine whether it
he of God. If God's commandments be ever with us, and be kept
by us, they will render us wifer than our enemies, wifer than the an
cients, or even our teachers; John vii. 16, 17 ; Pf. cxix. 98, 100.
IV. In fearching the fcriptures, we mufl proceed in an orderly
manner; beginning with that which is moft plain and practical^
and afterwards ftudy that which is more difficult and obfcure.
To recommend this method, the first part of both Teftaments
is chiefly historical, plainly declaring what things had been
done ; and intermingled with plain directions how the more ne
ceffary duties ought to be done. Of this kind are the books of
the Old Teftament from Genesis to Esther inclufively, and the
firft five books of the New. Thefe ought carefully to be Studied,
as there are manifold references and allufions to that which is con
tained in them in the other books. Nay, even in the fubfequent
hiftories, there is frequent mention of, or allufion to, the crea
tion, flood; deliverance from Egypt; captivity in Babylon ; birth,
life, and death, of Chrift. The second part of both Tefta
ments, i. e. from Job to the Song of Solomon inclufively in the
Old, and all the Epistles in the New, confift chiefly of doc
trinal declarations of the nature, perfections, purpofes, and
works, of God ; of the perfon and mediation of Jefus Chrift, and
the way of falvation through him ; and of man in his innocent,
fallen, recovered, and eternal, State; — mingled with commands
and directions how to behave anfwerably to the relations and pro
vidences of God towards us; — together with manifold hints of the
conduct of God, and the cafes of his people. The last part in
both Teftaments is chiefly prophetical, declaring before-hand
the mercies and judgments which Should take place all along, till
the end of the world ; — but intermingled with manifold charges
of guilt, as the caufe of the judgments threatened; — and with his
torical hints of the circumftances or fulfilment of the predictions;
and directions how to behave aright. This part, generally relating
to things then future, is naturally moft obfcure. It is even ne
ceffary that it fhould be fo, that the perfons concerned might be
induced to a careful expectation of, and preparation for, the events ;
and that men might be the lefs able to counterfeit or to attempt
preventing fome of them.
V. It is of great ufe to form in our mind a brief colleclion of the
moft plain and important hifories, doclrines, laws, and preditlions, of
fcripture, which ?nay ferve as a kind, of fandard and criterion for un
der/landing of others. Thus a fixed view of the creation ; the fall
of man; the flood; the calling of Abraham; the fate of Jofeph ;
the Israelites' entrance into, and deliverance from, Egypt; their
travels in the wildernefs ; fettlement in Canaan ; change of their
government by judges into that by kings ; divifion of their king
dom into two 1 ; their captivities into Affyria and Babylon; — and of
the birth, life, death, and refurrection, of Jefus Chrift; and of the
Spread of the gofpel, which followed by means of the remarkable
effufion of the°Holy Ghoft ; — will greatly contribute towards our
right underftanding of other historical points, and even of many
predictions. We fhould endeavour to obtain a compendious view
of the nature of God, as a Spirit,' infinite, eternal, unchangeable,
in his being, wifdom, power, hoiinefs, juftice, goodnefs, and truth;
fubfiftingtn three diftinct perfons, Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft ;
and who has, in his eternal decree, fore-ordained whatfoever comes
to pafs ; and, in execution of that decree, forms all things into
being in creation, and preferves and governs them therein by his
providence: — And of man, who, being created perfectly holy, and
admitted into a covenant of friendship with his Maker, did, by dif-

obedience to God, render hijnfelf, and all his natural pofterity,
Sinful and miferable : that they, being utterly incapable, as well as
unwilling, to recover themfelves, God, of his mere and unbounded
grace and mercy, formed a new coyenant, in which his own Son
was made their Mediator, Surety, Saviour, and Redeemer! their
Prophet, to inftruct them ; their Prieft, to offer facrifice and inter
cede for them ; and their King, to fubdue, rule, and defend, them;
— that, in confequence of his obedience, fuffering, and glorifica
tion, they may, by his Spirit, be effectually called, juftified, adopted,
fanctified, comforted, and glorified ;  And of the ten command
ments, or of Chrift's fummary of them ; Mat. xxii. 37, 38 ; and vii.
12. — Or thofe fcriptures commonly annexed to the A'ffembly's
Shorter Catechifm may ferve as a criterion for underftanding
the doctrines and laws of fcripture. — Such a brief fummary of
divine truth is the analogy or proportion of faith ; Rom. xii. 6 ; is
the delineation, draught, platform, pattern, or form, of found words,
which ought to be heldfajl in faith and love which is in Chrif Jefus;
Rom. vi. 17 ; 2 Tim. ii. 13. By attention to it we may imme
diately difcern when texts are plain or when they are figurative.
Thus, if bodily members be afcribed to God, it will teach us to
understand them as reprefenting his fpiritual excellencies, fince God
himfelf is a Spirit. If God be faid to deceive men, or to harden
them in fin, it will teach us to underftand thoSe texts only of his.
permitting men to be deceived and hardened by Satan and their,
own lufts — Since God is infinitely holy. If the facramental ele
ments be called Chrift's body and blood, it will teach us to under
ftand them as figns and feals of his perfon and righteoufnefs ; but
not as tranfubftantiated into his material body and blood — fince the ¦
heavens contain him till the end of the world; Acts iii. 21. If the
fcriptures reprefent faints as expofed to punifhments for fin, or as •
obtaining rewards by their gracious tempers and good works, it
will teach us to confider both in that form in which faints meet r
with them, /*. e. as purchafed for them by the blood of Chrift, as
beftowed by God's redeeming love, and fuited to their Slate as
perfons indiffolubly married to Chrift, and adopted into the. family
of God, &c.
VI. Not only muft every text be underftood in harmony with '
the analogy of faith, or genera] plan of revealed truth, but alfo in
agreement with the plain fcope and tendency of the paffage, chapter,
or book, where it lies. This plain fcope muft therefore be ear
neftly fearched out and obferved in an accurate obfervance of the
contents of each book or chapter. Thus the fcope, of the histori
cal books of the Old Teftament is ta> reprefent the fate of his
Hebrew people ; and therefore every text thereof ought to be un
derftood in agreement with this. The. fcope of the Pfalms is to
exprefs the faints' exercifes, and to acknowledge God as bleffed
in himfelf, and the author of all bleffednefs to men ; and in refe
rence to thefe ought every text therein to be underftood. The
fcope of the Proverbs, is to teach men wifdom and difcretion ; of
Ecclefiaftes, to point out the infufficiency of all created enjoyments
to render men happy; of the Song of Solomon, to exhibit the kind
and familiar fellowfhip between Chrift and his people: and there
fore, in agreement with this fcope, ought the feveral texts in each
of them to be underftood. The fcope of the prophetic parts, in
both Teftaments, is to warn the church of her dangers on account
of fins, and to encourage her hopes of prefervation under, and de
liverance from, the greateft tribulations. The fcope of the gofpels,
by Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, is to exhibit Jefus Chrift as
the Son of God and promifed Mefliah, that we might believe in
him to. the faving of our foul. The general fcope of the Epiftles
is to point out our need of a Saviour, and the bleffings which we
receive through him ; and to direct us how to improve thefe aright
in our perfonal practice, relative duties, and ecclefiaftical fellow
fhip. More particularly, the fcope of the Epiftles to the Romans
and Galatians is to eftablifh the doctrine of juftification by the im
puted righteoufnefs of Chrift, and to teach us how to improve it.

Rules for right underftanding

INTRODUCTION.

the fcriptures.

The fcope of thofe to the Corinthians is to redrefs contentions and
diforders among church members : — of thofe to Timothy and Ti
tus, to direct church officers : — of that to the Hebrews, to manifeft
Chrift's headfhip over the church, and his fulfilment and wife abo
lition of the typical ceremonies: — of James, to Shew the vanity of
pretending faith without exercifing good works: — of Peter and
Jude, to warn their Jewifh brethren of the approaching ruin of
their nation, and of their duty with refpect to it: — of John, to
comfort them in their diftrefs and enable them to examine them
felves fully. The particular texts ought therefore always to be
underftood in reference to the manifeft fcope of each Epiftle, and
the particular paffage of it.
VII. The various texts which are ffinilar, either in words or in
ftgnification, or even which reprefent a ftmilar fubjecl, ought to be
xarefully compared. On almoft every fubject a multitude of phrafes
¦ -will be found, which, when compared, do amazingly illuftrate, and,
as it were, fupport one another. The truth, which is more darkly
reprefented in one paffage, is reprefented more clearly in others.
Part of the attributes or circumftances of perfons or things is\fo
reprefented in one text, and part of them in another, that onlyfby
Searching the feveral fcriptures, and connecting them together in
our view, can we obtain a true or juft apprehenfion of them. In
particular, the types of the Old Teftament mult be compared with
their antitypes in the New. The predictions muft be compared
with the hiftory of their fulfilment. And the paffage, in which
the point is purpofely handled, ought to be chiefly attended to in
the comparifon ; as Gen. i. on creation ; Rom. iii. iv. v. on jufti-
fication, &c. — To carry this comparifon of fcripture texts, one
with another, to a due extent, or a due degree of exactnefs, will
-* perhaps appear very difficult ; hut, the more it is practifed, it will
become the more eafy and pleafant. The inexpreflible advantage
which attends it will infinitely more than compenfate the toil.
Herein the ferious inquirer has the Spirit of God for.%is director,
the lively oracles of God for his commentary. He has the pleafure of
difcovering the truth for himfelf in God's own light. And the dif-
covery which he thus makes, by humbly fearching the fcriptures,
is inexpreffibly more agreeable than merely to have met with it at
Tandom in fome commentator! Being acquired by care and labour,
it generally fixes itfelf much more firmly in the mind. And,
while we are thus occupied in comparing the feveral texts, we may
humbly expect that the Holy Ghoft will illuminate all with his
glory, and apply all to the heart.
VIII. We ought never to content ourfelves with a general view of
any text, or of the words of it, abflraclly confidered; but Jhould fearch
out what is therein chiefly and emphatically intended by the Spirit of
God as itfands in fuch a particular connexion. — Thus thoufands of
unexpected beauties will appear to our view. Never are the oracles or
the truths of God feen in their real and manifold glory but when
they are viewed in their proper connections. The glory of re
deeming grace is never juftly conceived of unlefs it be viewed as
abounding where Sin had abounded — as reigning unto eternal life
where fin had reigned unto death ; Pf. cvi. Ezek. xvi. xx. Rom.
iii. v. Eph. ii. Men's wickednefs is never juftly perceived with
out viewing it in connection with that God againft whom, and
that goodnefs againft which, it is committed; Deut. xxxii. Rom.
ii. 4. Gofpel hoiinefs is never rightly underftood but when
viewed in connection with that Slate of falvation in which, the gra
cious principles and motives from which, the manner in which,
and the end to which, it is performed. The hiltory of typical per
fons or events, and the form of typical ordinances, are never pro
perly underftood but in connection with their antitypes. Never
can we difcern the fovereignty of the grace, or the feafonablenefs
of the mercies or judgments, of God without carefully observing
the connection, when, where, and after what, the mercy or'judg-
ment happened. Nay, never are the oracles of God rightly re
ceived but when viewed in their proper connection with Jefus

Chrift, as the author, matter, and end, of them. This connec
tion of the facred oracles is often contained in a fmall particle;
and, then, therfore, because, in, by, to, through, &c. ;
and fometimes we are left to collect it from the Station in which
one thing is placed with another. We ought therefore not only to
weigh every word of the Holy Ghoft, but carefully to mark how
things Stand joined one with another. Thus, by obferving the
context, 1 Pet. iv. 18, we learn that the faving of the righteous
with difficulty relates to their efcaping when the Jewifh nation was
destroyed, not to their Spiritual falvation: and that the eating doubt-
ingly, Rom. xiv. 23, relates immediately to the partaking of com
mon meats, not to the receiving of the Lord's fupper.
IX. Chrif Jefus being the great fubjecl and end of fcripture reve
lation, we ought every where to fearch if we can find him. The fcrip
tures tefify of him; John v. 39. To him give all the prophets witnefs;
Acts x. 43. In Mofes, in the Pfalms, and in the prophets, there are
things concerning him; Luke xxiv. 27, 44. His name is the Word
of God; and the fcripture is but the tejiimony of Jefus; Rev. xix..
10, 1 3. It is but a gradual revelation of him, anfwerable to the
counfels of God as a God of order, — anfwerable to the growing
ftate of the church, and of every faint on earth. Scripture hiftory
does but exhibit men's need of Chrift, and God's preparation of
the world for him. Scripture genealogies do but direct to the line
of Chrift, and thus mark him out as the promifed Meffiah. Scrip
ture chronology does but mark the feafons of Chrift, the times of
promife, and days of power. He is the end and fulfiller of all fcrip
ture laws ; Rom. x. 4; Gal. iv. 24. Gofpel declarations are but
the exhibitions of him as the light and life of the world. In Chrift
all the promifes are yea and amen; 2 Cor. i. 20. What then can
be more abfurd, more unchristian, than to overlook, or to evade
the difcerning of, Jefus Chrift ; efpecially when the defcription and
work cannot agree to another; But, after all, we muft take heed
to difcern him only in the manner he is really reprefented by the
Holy Ghoft, and no other. To fix fpiritual meanings upon
phrafes, which were never immediately intended by the Holy
Spirit in them, is to profane the fcripture, and expofe it to con
tempt. But, where Jefus Chrift and his fulnefs are immediately
exhibited, we muft conceive of them as thus exhibited. Where
he is but indirectly exhibited, it is only in that manner we muft
apprehend him there. Where he is reprefented in a type, we muft
difcern him through that type as a medium.
X. As to the infinite mind of the Holy Ghoft every fubjecl and
every event are at once perfeSlly in view, his words in fcripture ought
always to be underftood in the fulleft latitude of fgnification that the
analogy of faith and of the context can admit. Hiftorical hints muft
be underftood as relating to everything fimilar preceding the date,
unlefs the context reftiict them. God's nouriftiing and bringing up
children, If. i. 2, includes all the favours he had done for the Jewifh
nation from the call of Abraham, Gen. xii. to the, date of the pro
phecy. Their rebelling againft God muft include all their wicked
nefs in, and after their deliverance from, Egypt till Ifaiah uttered
thefe words. Sometimes a phrafe does not only relate to both
church and ftate, but at once reprefents the finful crime and the
wrathful punifhment thereof. Thus, If. i. 5, The whole head is
fick, and the whole heart is faint, &c. may at once denote the fin-
fulnefs of the church and nation among all ranks, high and low,
and in every perfon ; and likewife the miferable ftate of both under
Ahaz, &c. Figures relating to the church, as in the Song of So
lomon, &c. and manifold promifes relating to it, ought to be ap
plied to it as the vifible myftical body of Chrift; and'alfo to every
particular member of it. And thefe figures and promifes ought to
be underftood in one manner when applied to the church, and in
another manner when applied to a particular foul.' — The fame
promifes or threatenings frequently relate to both church and ftate ;
in which cafe they are to be underftood in one view when applied
to the former, and in another view when applied to the latter.

Rules for right underftanding

INTRODUCTION.

the fcriptures.

Thus moft of the promifes and threatenings, which refpeit the
Jewifh nation, are to be underftood in both thefe views. The
predictions which we have in Rev. vi. viii. relate to the Chrif
tian church and to the Roman ftate. The predictions we have
Rev. ix. I — 11, relate to the power of the popes in the weft, and
of the Mahometans in the eaft. — Predictions ought to be confidered
as fulfilLed in every event pofterior to their date which can corre
spond with their terms and context. Types, fo far as they prefi
gure things future, muft be underftood in the fame latitude. Thus
ntoft of the Old Teftament hiftories are again verified in antitypes,
withrefpect to their antitypical fulfilment. And thus the predic
tions relative to David, Solomon, the Jewifh nation, &c. befide
their immediate fulfilment on thefe objects, have an antitypical ac-
complifhment in Chrift and his gofpel church.' — The prediction of
the enmity between Jefus Chrift and his people on the one hand,
and the devil and his fubjects on the other, Gen. iii. 15, has its ful
filment, in all the contentions between thefe parties, from the fall
of man till the end of the world, whether in a fingle. perfon or "a
focial capacity. The prediction of trouble to mankind, particularly
women, Gen. iii. 16 — 19, has its accomplishment in all the pain
ful conceptions, child-birth, nurfing, &c. of women; — in all their
fubjection to, and ill ufage by, men;— -and in all the troubles of per
fons, families, or nations; — in all the Storms, earthquakes, bad fea-
fons, fcanty crops, &c. which happen. The prediction of Noah,
concerning the fate of his fons, Gen. ix. 25 — 27, has had its accom
plishment in the fate of mankind ever fince. The prediction of
men's being blejfed in Abraham or in his feed, Gen. xii. 3, and xxii.
18, has been fulfilled in his and his posterity's ufefulnefs to render
men pious or happy; but chiefly in the Gentiles' falvation through
Jefus Chrift; and even in the outward happinefs of nations where
the gofpel has been received. The predictions of God's giving
Canaan to Abraham, Ifaac, Jacob, and their feed, Gen. xii. 7, and
xiii. 15, &c. was not only fulfilled in God's bringing the Hebrews
into, and continuing them for many ages in, that country, but alfo
in his bringing multitudes of chofen men into a new covenant ftate,
the gofpel church, and the heavenly glory. The predictions of
Mofes, in Lev. xxvi. Deut. xxviii — xxxiii. not only had their ful
filment in the diverfified finning and repenting, and in the mercies
and judgments which have or thall befall the Jewifh nation, but
in whatever Similar hath or Shall befall the gofpel church and the
members thereof; nay, in the eternal happinefs of faints and ruin
of Sinners. The prediction's of deftruction to their enemies of
Egypt, Aflyria, Babylon, &c. not only have had their fulfilment
in the diverfified difafters of thefe nations, but perhaps alfo an an
titypical fulfilment in the difafters of Antichrift and other enemies
of the gofpel church. — The predictions of diftrefs or profperity,
announced to the Jews by Amos, Micah, Ifaiah, &c. before the
AfTyrian invafion, had different Steps of fulfilment. (1) In the in
vafion under Hezekiah, and the merciful deliverance therefrom,
and the reformation and profperity which followed. (2) In the
invafion of their kingdom under Manaffeh, and the deliverance
therefrom, and the reformation and profperity under Jofiah. (3) In
their captivity in Babylon, and deliverance therefrom, and the pro
fperity which enfued. (4) In their haraffments under the Syro-
grecians and the Romans, and the preSent long difperfion and the
future deliverance therefrom. (5) In the erection of the gofpel
church. (6) In the entrance into, and happinefs of, the thoufand
years' reign of the faints. And (7) In the happinefs of the church
in the eternal ftate. The like prophecies, by Ifaiah, Micah, Ze-
phaniah, Obadiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, after the Affyrian inva
fion, had their fulfilment in the oppreflive captivity of Babylon,
and deliverance therefrom, and the profperity which enfued ; and in
the other four fubfequent Steps already mentioned. ThoSe by
Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, related only to what followed the
deliverance from Babylon. The predictions of Daniel, ch. ii. vii.
iii. xi. xii. had, or Shall have, their Sulfilment in the rife., manage-

ment, and ruin, of thofe refpective empires. The majeftic coming
of Jefus Chrift, predided by himfelf, Mat. xxiv. Luke xx. and by
the prophets, had, has, or will have, its accomplifhment in his de-
{fruition of the Jewifh nation — of the heathen empire of Rome — -
of Antichrift — and in the final judgment of the -world ;— in order
to the erection or glorification of his church in thefe different pe-
j riods. The predictions of the wickednefs of the Antichriftians or
| Papifts, 2Theff. ii. 2 — it, 1 Tim. iv. 1 — 4, 2 Tim. iii. 1—6,
I &c. have their fulfilment in whatever Similar happens in any period
of Antichrift's progrefs or reign. The predictions of the church's
happinefs, in Rev. vii. xi. xix. xx. xxi. xxii. Shall have their fulfill
ment, not only in the glorious millennium, but chiefly in the eter
nal ftate. — So many events being thus narrated, and efpecially fore
told, in the fame paffage, it cannot reafonably be though* itrange
that the prophetical terms do not exactly agree to any one of the
particular events or Steps of fulfilment; they will neverthelefs all.
agree to the whole fulfilment conjunctly taken. And the terms,
which appeared too high or too low for one Step of fulfilment, will.,
appear exactly anfwerable to another Step. What did not anfwer
to the predictions, literally underftood, will be found to have cor
responded to them in a figurative and Spiritual SenSe.
XI. The language of fcripture, efpecially in the poetical and pre-
diHory parts, abounding with figures, it is neceffary to have the
knowledge of the principal of thefe fixed in our mind. The moft re
markable figures of fcripture language are (1) The name of one:
thing is given to another, becaufe of fome connection with
it, as its caufe or effect, or as its fubjett or adjunct. Thus the
temple is called Lebanon, becaufe built of cedar wdod from Le
banon ; Zech. xi. 1. A heavenly frame is called the fpirit, be*
caufe produced by him ; Rev. ii 10. The name of parents, Jacob,
Ifrael, Moab, &c. is given to their pofterity; If. xliii. 22; and xv.
1, 2, 5. A teftimony is called the mouth; Deut. xvii. 6. Speech.
is called the tongue; Prov. xxv. 15. The benefits which God
beftows are called his love or grace, becaufe they proceed from it ;
1 John iii. 1 ; John i. 16. The name of the effect is given to
the caufe : thus the gofpel is called the power of God; Rom. i. 16.,
Efau's taking Canaanitifii wives is called a grief, i. e. the caufe of."
it; Gen. xxvi. 35. Faith is called- vi dory over the world, i. e-
the caufe of it ; I John v. 4. Samaria is called the tranfgreffion
of Ifrael, and Jerufalem the high places of Judah, i. e. the caufe
thereof; Mic. i. 5. Wifdom and knowledge are called f ability,.
becaufe they are means of it; If. xxxiii. 6. The name of an act
is given to its object: fo God is called the fear, hope, truf, &c.
of his people; Gen. xxxi*. 53; Joel iii. 16. — The name of what
contains any thing is given to the thing contained : thus the inha
bitants are called by the name of the city, the country, the world,.,
&c. Jer. iv. 4, 14, 29 ; Gen. vi. 1 1. The liquor is called a cup;
I Cor. xi. 25 : and hence cup denotes a portion of mercy or judg
ment ; Pfal. xvi. 5 ; and xxiii. 4. Pullets are called a neft ; Deut.
xxxii. 11. The difpofitions, thoughts, defires, &c. are called
the heart; Jer. xvii. 9 ; Pf. Ixii. 8. — What belongs to a perfon is
called by his name : thus Chrift's people are called Chrift ; I Cor.
xii. 12. The Lord's oblations are called the Lord; Deut. x. 9;
with Numb, xviii. 8 — 31.  The name of the Sign is given to
the thing fignified ; as when the fupreme authority is called a
fceptre; Gen.'xlix. 1.0 ; Zech. x. n : — or of the thing fignified to
the Sign : as when the elements in the Lord's Supper are called
Chrift's body and blood; 1 Cor. xi. 24, 25 : — or of a quality to that
in which it is found : as when a crimfon or fcarlet coloured thing
is called crimfon'znd fcarlet ; orafield containing fprings is called the.
upper and nether fprings; If. i. 18; Jofli. xv. 19. — Thename is put
for the perfon or thing named : thus the name of God, name of Chrif-
fignify God himfelf, Chrift himfelf; Deut. xxviii. 58; Aits iv. 12.
— Sometimes alfo perfons and things are named according as they.
appear, not as they really are : thus angels, appearing as men,' are
called men; Gen. xviii. xix. &c. The devil, reSembling Samuel,.

Rules for right underjl a tiding

INTRODUCTION.

the fcriptures.

is called Samuel; i Sam., xxviii. 14 — 20. Error is called a gofpel,
as it pretended to be one; Gal. i. 6. (2) By taking perfons or
things together, more universal terms are used for more
restricted ONES ; — as all for many, for all kinds, for fome of
every fort, for the greater ox better part ; Mat. iii. 5 ; and xix. 28.
The world, earth, or whole world, for the Roman empire, for
the Gentiles, for the wicked, for the Jntichrifians, for many ; Luke
ii. 1 ; Rom. i. 8 ; 1 John ii. 2 ; -and v. 18 ; Rev.. xiii. 3, 8; for
Canaan; Rom. iv. 13. Every creature formen, or many of
them; Mark. xvi. 15; Col. i. 23. North is put for Chaldea, a
country north eaft cf Jerufalem ; Jer. i. 1.3, 1.5 ; Zech. vi. 8.
Before for the eafl fide, right hand for fouth • fide, &c. If. ix.
.12. For ever is put for along time; Dan. ii. 4 ; Gen. xvii. 8,
13. Chrift is faid to die, be buried, rife again, &c. when it was
.only his body that died, &c. John xix. 29, 42. — Or more re
stricted terms.are ufed for more univerfal ones ; as one for all of the
kind; PL i. 1. Yesterday for timepafl; Heb. xiii. 8. Thrice,
¦seven, times, ten times, for often, very often; .2 Cor. xii. 8 ;
.Pf. cxix. 169,; Num. xiv. 22. A thousand for very many; If.
xxx. 1 7,; .Deut. xxxii. 30. — A part for the whole, as fouls for per
fons; Acts ii. 43; Chrift's refurreclion for his whole appearance
.on earth, particularly after his death ; Acts i. 22. An hour, or
.DAY, for a period of time ; John xiv. 23; and v. 25; Pf. xxx vii.
J3' (3) The expression appears to mean much less or
much more than is really meant: .thus in the ten com
mandments, efpecially thofe negatively delivered, and in moft of
. the negative injunctions, much lefs is expreffed than is really
meant; Exod. xx. 3 — 17.  The Hebrew fpies are reprefented
as grafs hoppers, i. e. very little; Numb. xiii. 33. The tops of
towers or walls are reprefented as reaching up to heaven, when very
high; Gen. xi. .4 ; Deut. ix. 1. Men are reprefented as the fand
on the Shore, as a fea, as the dufl, as the dew, as the grafs, the
vapours of a cloud, &c. when very many; Gen. xiii. 16; 1 Sam.
xiii. 5 ; Pf. ex. 3 ; and lxxii. 16. Plenty of a thing is reprefented as
rivers of.it; Job xxix. 6; Exod. iii. 8. Saul and Jonathan as
fwifter than eagles and f ranger than lions; 2 Sam. i. 23. (4)
Some .expreffions, being uttered with a derisive air, have a
Signification directly contrary to their natural meaning ; as Deut.
xxxii. 38; 2 Sam. vi. 20 ; iKings xviii. 27; and xxi i. 15; Pf. xxii.
.8 ; E.ccl. xi. 9 ; Zech xi. 13 ; Mat. xxvi. 45. (5) But no figure
more abounds in fcripture than metaphor, by which the names,
qualities, or actions, proper to one perfon or thing, are attributed
to another, becaufe of fome likenefs between them. By this
.figure, and in order to accommodate to our weaknefs, almoft the
whole vifible creation of God is formed into a reprefentation of
things fpiritual and divine. By it Jehovah, Jefus Chrif, the Holy
Spirit ; angels and men, in their different claffes of good and bad ;
nations, churches, Sec. are likened to human perfons, in their
parts, members, characters, Stations ; and even to animals, &c. —
God's purpofes, providence, .covenants, word, law, gofpel, ordinan
ces, and ble]fings ; — :fo alfo graces, fins, profperity, adverftty, life,
death, refurreclion, laf judgment, and this world, heaven, hell, Sic.
are likened to things material, &c— And, that we may have em
blematical instructors ever before uf, metaphors are drawn from
God himfelf, and from angels, but chiefly from human perfons ; from
animals and vegetables ; from the celeftial luminaries or airy meteors ;
from fubftances, fiery, liquid, or earthy ; from means of human
accommodation, houfes, food, raiment, Sic. ; from times, typical
infitutions, Sic. See Scripture Metaphors. Two things
are neceffary to be always obferved with refpect to this figure :
(1) That the .likening of anything to another naturally pro
duces a likening of the acts, relations, and attributes, of the thing
compared, to the acts, attributes, and relations, of the thing to
which it is compared : nay, the relations and acts themfelves,
of the perfons or things compared, receive a correfpondent
^figurative representation. Thus, when God or Chrift is figura

tively represented as a- man, his attributes are consequently re
prefented as hands, feet, eyes, ears, mouth, nofrils, bowels : and
he is reprefented as thinking, fpeaking, walking, writing, fitting,.
f anding, riding, flying, feeping, he; Pf.'xx. 6; If. Ix. 13; Heb.
iv. 13 ; Pf. exxx. 2 ; If. i. 20; Pf. xviii. 8; &c. ;— and as a father,
mafer, hufband, king, warrior, hufbandman, builder, Sic. ; Mal. i.'
6 ; If. lxiii. 16 ;. liv. 5 ; xxxiii. 22 ; and lxiii. I ; John xv. 1 ;
Mat. xvi. 18. Thefe again introduce other correfpondent figura
tive reprefentations. Under the notion of a father, he is re
prefented as begetting, adopting, teaching, loving, pitying, and pro
viding for, and giving an inheritance to, his people; 1 Pet. i. 3;
Eph.. i. 5 ; Pf. xxxii. 8 ; and ciii. 13. &c. Under the notion of
a master, he is reprefented as having an houfe, chambers, fervants ;
and the favours he beftows in confequence of obedience are called
a reward; John xiv. 2 ; Song. i. 4; Rev. xxii. 3, 12. Under
the notion of an husband, he is reprefented as betrothing, affec
tionately loving, dwelling with, and providing for, his people j
who are reprefented as his bride, fpoufe, bringing forth children,
and the like ; and their apoftafy from him by idolatry, or other
indulged iniquity, is tailed whoredom, and themfelves reprefented
as harlots; Jer. iii. Hof. ii. iii. Ezek. xvi. xxiii. Under the no
tion of a king, he is reprefented as having fubjecls, armies, laws,
fceptre, crown, throne, palace; Pfal. cxlviii. xiv. ex. Sic. Under
the notion of a warrior, or captain, he is reprefented as havr
ing armour, fword, bow, arrows, fpear, helmet, SJfc. fighting with,
and routing, his oppofers ; Hab, iii. Pfal. xviii. xxxv. vii. If. lix.
lxiii. and angels, clouds, &c. are reprefented as his horfes or cha
riots. Under the notion of an husbandman, he is reprefented as
hiring labourers, and as plowing, planting, Sowing, reaping, win-
no., ing, churches or nations, as his fields, vineyard, garden, and
corn; and the days of remarkable judgment are the harveft, vin
tage; Mat. xx. If he is reprefented as a fowl, eagle, hen, isfc.
his perfections and providences are reprefented as wings, feathers ;
Pfal. xci. 4; Mat. xxiii. 37. Under the figure of a ravenous
beast, lion, bear, leopard, he is reprefented as roaring, tearing,
fwallowing up, waiting to deftroy, &c. Amos i. 2; Hof. v. 14;
and xdi. 7, 8. — When the church in general is reprefented as a
woman Chrift is her head; young converts rooted in him her
hairs; ministers, her eyes, neck, feet; divine oracles and ordi
nances, her breafs and ornaments ; church members, her children
or daughters ; blamelefs ones, virgins ; fcandalous and apoftate ones,
harlots. But, when a particular faint is reprefented as a woman,
hope is the head; good works, the hair or feet ; fpiritual know
ledge and faith, the eyes or ears ; faith, the neck and hand; faith
and love, the breafs; praife, prayer, and holy converfe, the mouth
or lips ; love, the bowels ; the affections and converfation, the feet ;
Chrift's righteoufnefs, implanted graces, beftowed gifts, and holy
exercifes, their robes and ornaments ; Song i — viii. Pfal. xiv.—
When the church is compared to a visible world, Chrift, or
God in him, or his word, is the light, the fun ; ministers, the flars;
ordinances, the moon and clouds; divine doctrines and influences,
the refrefhing wind, rain, dew, wells, rivers ; perfecution and
diftrefs, the ftorms, winter, night, Scorching noon ; faints, the corn,
green grafs, fruitful Shrubs or trees; and their works or rewards are
their fruit; Song i. ii. iv. vi.— viii. &c. — When nations are repre
fented as a vifble world, laws, rulers, and great men or idols, are
figured out as the fun, moon, ftars, mountains, principal /nr«, or
boughs, on which the fubjects grow as berries, or fit as birds ; and
thofe of lower Stations as the earth, air, fa, rivers, grafs, flubble;
apd fearful judgments are the forms, earthquakes, eclipfes, night,
thunderings, lightnings, harvfl, vintage ; Rev. vi. vii. viii. xiv. xvi.
If. xxiv. Ezek. xxxi. — When nations are reprefented as a fa
mily, the country or chief city is the mother, the leffer ones the
daughters ; and if flourishing, or never taken, they are called vir
gins, and magiftrates are the parents; If. xxiii. xlvii. Jer. xl— li.
Ezek. xvi. xxiii. — When nations or -armies are reprefented as

Rules fbr right underftanding

INTRODUCTION.

the fcriptures.

fi.ocxs aid herds, their governors are the Jhephcrds; great or
valiant men the rams, bulls, he goats, fat ones, Sic, Ezek. xxxiv.
jer. xxv.
(2) That in fixing the fenfe exhibited by a metaphor, the com
parifon ought never to be run too far, or into any thing which
cannot be properly applied to the perfon or thing reprefented.
And that which appears chiefly intended by the Spirit of God, and
which is obvioufly figured out to us in the nature, form, or ufe, of
the thing from which the metaphor is taken, ought to be chiefly
attended to. Thus, in metaphorical language, the term God
reprefents angels, prophets, and magif rates, as God's deputies, and
like him in dignity, glory, &c. Pfalm xcvii. 7; Exod. xvii. 1 ;
Pfal. lxxxii. 1 ; but denotes devils, idols, or our belly, as worship
ped and ferved inftead of God ; 2 Cor. iv. 4 ; Phil. iii. 19. An
gel reprefents Chriji, miniflers, or magiftrates, as bearers of God's
meffage, or active performers of his work; Rev. ii. i i. viii. ix.
xvi. xvii. — Man, in what pertains to and is done by him, repre
fents God in his excellencies and glorious works ; — eyes denote his
knowledge and pity ; ears, his knowledge or attention ; mouth or
lips, his word or authority; arms, hands, fingers, his power;
heart, his purpofe or love ; bowels, his mercy; feet, his providen
tial work ; his face, his effentij] glory, or providential manifesta
tion of himfelf ; Sic. Pfal. xxxiv. 15, 16; If. i. 20 ; and xxv. 11.
&c. The frequent representation of God, by this emblem, at
once exhibits Jehovah, in his new covenant relations and appear
ances, in the moft endearing manner ; and fuggefts the marvel
lous and everlafting inhabitat:on of his., Son in our nature. But
indwelling grace and corruption are reprefented as men, to denote
their refidence in our whole nature, and having in them what is
Similar to our feveral powers ; Eph. iv. 22, 24. Women repre
fent what is comely, kind; or what is xveak and difpirited; Song
i. 8; Nah. iii. 13. Virgins reprefent profeffors or churches, as
beautiful in their converfation, ordinances, or form; or cities and
countries, glorious, profperous, or never deftroyed ; Mat. xxv.
Rev. xiv. If. xxiii. Jer. xlvi. Wives often figure out faints and
churches, as united to Chrift; rendered fruitful by him ; or adul-
teroufly departing from him ; Song i — viii. Jer. iii. Ezek. xvi.
xxiii. Travelling women reprefent GWand Chrif, as power
fully accomplishing remarkable events ; If. xiii. 14; and liii. 10 ;
but reprefent wicked men, as earnestly working mifchief, or as ren
dered fuddenly miferable ; Pf. vii. 14; If. xiii. 8. — Useful ani
mals, as Jheep, oxen, doves, reprefent Chrif and his people, as
focial, patient, pure, peaceable, and as acceptable facrifices to
God; Mat. xxii. 4; John xxi. 17: but figure out wicked men,
as Stupid, th mghtlefs, worthlefs, andas miferable facrifices to the
vengeance of God; If. liii. 6; and xxxiv. 6. Ravenous ani
mals; as eagles, lions, C5V. reprefent God, Chrift, and the faints,
as courageous, powerful, active, or terrible; Hof. xiii. 8; Rev.
v. 5 j Prov. xxviii. 1 ; If. xl. 31 : but figure out wicked men as
crafty, malicious, mifchievous, destructive; Pf. x. 9 ; and xxii.
20, 21 : — and their claws, teeth, horns, denote their power and
means of doing mifchief; and fo horns become emblems of kings,
kingdoms, opprejfors ; Dan. vii. viii. Zech. i. 18. Animal fleft) de
notes fpiritual or temporal bleffings, as nourifhing and Strengthening ;
If. xxv. 6 ; Rev. xix. 21 : indwelling grace denotes grace, as fenfible,
and eafily imprefied by God's influences ; Ezek. xxxvi. 26 : and in
dwelling corruption refers to it, as conveyed by natural generation, and
as bafe, polluted, and putrefying ; Gal. v. 17, 24. The celestial
luminaries, as lofty, illuminating, or refreshing, reprefent God,
Chnf, orhis word, ordinances, miniflers, people ; If. Ix. 19; Rev. viii.
12 : but, as fcorching or blading, they reprefent ajfliclions, diflrefs,
perfections; Rev. vii. 16; and xvi. 8. Ve-getables, plants,
trees, corn, grafs, flowers, reprefent Chrif and his people, as di
vinely formed and influenced, comely, lively, fruitful, afid ufeful ;
Song ii. iv. vi. vii : but figure cut wicked men as, in different
" VeL. I.

Stations, fruitful in wirkednefs, quickly Wafted and deftroyed by
the wrath of God ; Ezek. xxxi, and xv. Stones figure out Chrif
and his people as prepared of God, precious, durable, firm, and ufe
ful in building the church ; 1 Pet. ii. 4 — 6; Rev. xxi : but repre
fent wicked 'men as infenfible, obftinate, hurtful; Zech. vii. 12.
Mountains reprefent Chrift, his church, or ordinances, as lofty,
openly exhibited, firmly fixed, and in th-ir protecting, fupporting,
and fatisfying, fulnefs ; If. xxxii. 2; Joel iii. 18 : but alfo figure
out difficulties, oppofiticn, and enemies, fates, or cities; Rev. viii.
xvii. Water, rivers, feas, depths, floods, rain, dew, wind,
FiRjg, as pure, purifying, pleafant, or ufeful, denote Chrift, his
Spirit, word, ordinances; If. xxxii. 2 ; and xii v. 3, 4; Ezek.
xxxvii. 9; Mat. iii. 11 : but, as ruinous or terrible, they denote
fearful judgments, oppofltion, afflitlion; Pfal. lxix. I, 2 ; Jer. iv.
11. Of colours, white reprelents purity, glory, freedom, prieft-
hood, peace, victory; Rev. iii. 4: black or pale, terriblenefs, ca
lamity, death, grief, filthinefs ; Rev. vi. 5, 8: green, comelinefs,
growth, fruitfulnefs, frefhnefs; Song i. 16: red, fcarlet, t5V. what
is terrible, bloody, murderous; Rev. vi. 4; If. i. 18.
XII. Where fcriptures at firfl fight feem to contradicl one another,
we mifl, by a ferious confi deration of them, labour to difcover their
harmony. But, if we fhould not be able to reconcile them, we ought
not to pronounce them irreconcileable, but rather attribute a deficiency
to our own underfandings. There can be no real contradiction,
but when the different paffages mean precifely the fame perfon or
thing, and precifely in the fame refpeil and circumftance : no fuch
contradiction is to be Sound in Scripture. But, where there Seems
to be one, either ( I ) The fame terms are uSed in a different fenfe
in the different texts. Thus Paul directs to work out our Salva
tion with fear and trembling, i. e. filial fear and holy awe; Phil.
ii. 12. John fays, there is no fear in love; — perfect love cafteth
out fear; i.e. flavifhfear; ijohniv. 18. The Samaritans feared
the Lord; i.e. with a flavifh dread; — and yet feared not the
Lord ; i. e. with a child-like, fincere, and holy, awe of him, or
a right worshipping of him ; 2 Kings xvii. 32 — 34. It is appointed
for men once to die, i. e. a temporal death ; Heb. ix. 27 : and
yet, if any one keep Chrift's fayings, he fhall never fee death, i. e.
eternal death ; John viii. 51. A man is juftified, i.e. before God,
in his perfon and State, by faith, without the deeds of the law; Rom.
iii. 28: and yet by works aman is juflified, i. e. before men, and
not by faith only; James ii. 24. Hatred of others is very finful ;
Tit. iii. 3 : and yet to hate our neareft relations, i. e. to love them
lefs than we do Chrift, is our duty; Luke xiv. 26. Or (2) The
feemingly oppofite texts really treat of different fubjecls. Thus
the fpirit of truth guided the apoftles into all truth, i. e. in their
doctrine ; John xvi. 1 3 : and yet Peter erred, and was to be
blamed, i. e. in his practice ; Gal. ii. 11 — 18. John Baptift was
not Elias, i. e. not the prophet who lived under Ahab ; John i. 21 :
and yet was the Elias foretold by Malachi, i. e. one in the fpirit
and power of the ancient Elijah ; Mat. ,xi. 11, 12, 14, 18 ; Mark
ix. 11 — 15; Luke i. 17; Mal. iv. 5. Or (3) In the feemingly
oppofite texts the fame fubject is confidered in different parts or
refpecls. Thus believers in Chrift their Head, as juftified in his
righteoufnefs, and in refpect of their new nature, and what they
aim at and fhall quickly obtain, are all fair without fpot ; Song iv.
7; Jer. 1. 20 ; Num. xxiii. 21 ; 1 John iii. 9; and v. 18: and
yet in themfelves, and with refpect to remaining corruption in
them, are all as an unclean thing, — carnal, fold under fin; If.
Ixiv. 6; Rom. vii. 14. In refpect of his divine nature, Chrift
and his Father are one ; John x. 30 ; I John v. 7. In refpect of
his divine perfon, he is his Fa'.her's equal and fellow ; Phil. ii. 6;
Zech. xiii. 7. But, in refpect of his manhood and mediatory
office, his Father is greater than he ; John xiv. 28 : is his Mafter-
If. xlix. 3 : his Head ; 1 Cor. xi. 3 : his God ; Eph. i. 3 ; John
xx. 17: his Creator; Jer. xxxi. 22 ; his Portion; Pfal. xvi. 5,6.
b

Rules for right underftanding

INTRODUCTION.

the fcripures.

•In refpect of his divine nature, Chrift is the Lord from heaven;
i Cor.. xv. 47: God over all; Rom. ix. 5. In his human nature,
he is the fruit of the earth; If. iv. 2: the child born ; If. ix. 6.
Or (4) The feemingly oppofite texts refpect different times and
places. Thus, during Chrift's humiliation, the Spirit was not, i. e.
was not remarkably poured out; John vii. 39: and yet after
Chrift's afcenfion he was poured out; Acts ii. 1 Theff. i. 5.
CircumciSion, and other JewiSh ceremonies, were long neceffary
duties ; Gen. xvii. 9, 10 ; Rom. iii. 1, 2. But, after their abo
lition, by the incarnation, obedience, death, and refurreition, of
Chrift, they became SmSul rites; Gal. v. 2; and iv. 9 — 11; If.
Jxvi. 3.
M-oft of the Seeming contradictions in fcripture are found in the
historical parts, where their connection with the great Subject or
fcope of fcripture is lefs conliderable, and where the blunder of a
tranfcriber, or of a printer, in a few letters, might be eafily ad
mitted, without really detracting from the honour of the oracles
of God.  The apparent contradictions in the hiftory appear
owing to the fame perfon's having different names, or the deed
being done by different perfons ; to the one of which it is afcribed
in one text, and to another in the other text ; or deeds Similar
being really different. Reckoning of time is fometimes from one
period, and fometimes from another; efpecially when fome kings
had, for fome years, a conjunt reign with their father, and then a
feparate reign by themfelves. Round numbers of hundreds or
thoufands, are put for fuch as differed but little from them. What
is not included in one reckoning is included in another, &c.
Thus the fojourning of the Hebrews, from the Call of Abraham to
leave his native country ; Gen. xii. I; to the Deliverance from
Egypt, was 430 years; Exod. xii. 40, 41 ; Gal. iii. 17; but,
from the birth of Ifaac to that Deliverance, were but 400 years;
Gen. xv. 13. Jacob and his defcendants, at their going down
into Egypt, were in all feventy perfons: Gen. xlvi. 26, 27;
Deut. x. 22: but, excluding Jofeph and his two fons, who were
in Egypt before, and including eight of Jacob's daughters-in-
law, they made feventy-five fouls ; Acts vii. 14. David, by Abi-
fhai and his army, Slew 18,000 Edomites, who came to affift the
Syrians; or 18,000 Syrians, and alfo 1 8,000 Edomites: Joab
ailifted in killing 12,00c of thefe, or killed 12,000 befides; 2 Sam.
viii. 13; 1 Chron. xviii. 12; Pfal. Ix. title. The Ammonites
hired 32,000 Syrians, befides the 1000 from Maachah ; 33,000
in all; 2 Sam. ix. 6 ; 1 Chron. xix. 6, 7. — Of the Syrian army
were flain 7000, who fought in 700 chariots, and 40,000 horfe-
men, and as many footmen, or 40,000 horfemen who difmounted
and fought on foot; 2 Sam. x. 18; 1 Chron. xix. 17. — Adino, or
Jafhobeam, might flay in one battle 800, and in another 300; 2 Sam.
xxiii. 8; 1 Chron. xi. 11. When David numbered the people,
the men of Judah amounted to 470,000, who, with the 30,000 under
their thirty mighties, made 500,000. The men of Ifrael amounted
to 800,000, exclufive of the'te88,000 Standing troops, which, put
together, make almoft 1,100,000; 2 Sam. xxiv. 9; 1 Chron.
xxi. 5; and xxvii. t — 15.— No more than three years of famine
were threatened for David's numbering the people; 1 Chron.
xxi. 12: but, had thefe been added to the three preceding years of
famine for Saul's murdering the Gibeonites, they, together with
the year of releafe, would have made feven; 2 Sam. xxiv. 13. —
David gave to Araunah, or Oman, fifty Jhekels of Jilver for the
threfhing floor, and the oxen then Sacrificed ; 2 Sam. xxiv. 24 :
and afterwards bought the whole farm for fix hundred Jhekels of
gold, for the temple to be built on ; 1 Chron. xxi. 25. — Solomon
had 4000 Stables, in which were 40,000 Stalls, ten in each; or he
had 4000 Stalls at Jerufalem, and 40,000 in all ; 1 Kings iv. 26 ;
2 Chron. ix. 25. — Hiram got 20 meafures of oil for his family;
1 Kino-s v. 11: and 20,000 baths of oil for his artificers befides ;
2 Chron. ii. 10. Solomon's workmen had 3300 fubordinate over-

fcTS, and over thefe 300 more, in all 3600;

1 Kings v.

16

2 Chron. ii. 18.— The temple vyas founded in the 480th \ear of
the deliverance from Egypt; 1 Kings vi. 1 : therefore the 450
years, mentioned Acts xiii. 20, muft either mark the time from
the birth of Ifaac to the fettlement in Canaan, or the years of op
pression, mentioned in the book of Judges, muft be included in'
the refls; or fome of the latter judges muft have been contempo
rary. — Each of thehrazen pillars, at the entrance of the taberna
cle, was almoft eighteen cubits, which, being joined together,
made thirty -five cubits for both; 1 Kings vii. 15; 2 Kings xxv,
17; Jer. Iii. 21 ; 2 Chron. ii. 15. — The brazen fea had ordinarily
no more than two thoufand baths of water in it; 1 Kings vii. 26:
but, if filled to the brim, it could have held 3000; 2 Chron. iv.
5. — Solomon's fleet brought him from Ophir four hundred and fifty
talents in all, of which 420 were clear gain, or they brought him
420 talents at one voyage, and 450 in another ; 1 Kings ix. 28 ;
2 Chron. viii. 18. At leaft in Solomon's time, there was nothing
in the ark but the two tables of the iaw ; 1 Kings viii. 9 ;
2 Chron. v. >o: but the pot of manna and Aaron's budding rod
were once in it, or rather placed in the'fore-fide of it; Heb. ix.
4.  King Ahaziah began his reign in the twenty-fecond year
of his age; 2 Kings viii. 26 : and in the forty-fecond year of the
royalty of his mother's family, to which he was fo like in his con
duct; 2 Chron. xxii. 2. — The veflels of gold and filver were not
made till after the temple itfelf was repaired; 2 Kings xii. 10,
14: but were afterwards formed of what metal remained; 2 Chron.
xxiv. if, 14. — Jehoiachin's releafe was appointed on the 25th
day of the month; Jer. ,Jii. 31 : but not executed till the 27th;
2 Kings xxv. 27. — Of the two lifts of the returning captives, in
Ezra ii. and Neh. vii. the one may mark the numbers enrolled in
order to return, and the other the numbers which actually re
turned.  To reconcile the apparent inconsistencies in the four
Gofpels, nothing more is neceffary but to place the paffages in
their proper order, as is attempted in the fubfequent chrono
logy.
XIII. To obtain an exact knowledge of the fcripture, efpecially
in its historical and prophetical parts, it is of great ufe to under
stand the geography, which marks the fituation of the places
where the events mentioned took place, — to understand the chro
nology, which marks the time when the events happened, — and
to understand the history of the nation;, the fate of which the
fcripture narrates or foretells. Without this knowledge, our un
derftanding of the hiftories, or predictions of fcripture, muft be
extremely fcanty and confufed, as we cannot perceive the events
in their proper circumftances and connections. To affift the reader
with what is moft neceffary on thefe heads is the aim of the two
laft chapters of this Introduction.
XIV. To be capable of perufing the oracles of God, in their
originals, with humility of mind, will open to our view, efpe
cially in the Old Teftament, a fcene of emphafis and glory, in
thoufands of inftances, which cannot be exhibited in any translation
whatfoever, and which no commentator obferves.

CHAP. III.
Of the Jewish Laws and Types.
For many ages mankind feem to have had no other form of
government, either civil or facred, but that of the patriarchal
kind. Fathers were at once kings and priefts to their numerous
defcendants.— When God thought proper to form a nation for
himfelf, and feparated them from the reft of the world, they ap
pear, for the fii-ft four hundred years, to have had no other govern
ment of their own. While they were in Egypt they had elders :
but thefe appear to have been nothing more than the wifeft and
graveft among them, or the heads of their tribes, who had no
power of civil judicature; Exod. iii. 16; with xviii. 13/18.

Jewifh lazvs
Their officers were nothing but overfeers of their tafks ; Excd.
v. 14.
When they came out of Egypt, God, who formerly Stood re
lated to them as their Creator and covenant God, became a kind
of national King to them. In correfpondence to this threefold
character, he gave them laws, moral, ceremonial, and civil. As
their King, he gave them laws concerning Servant?, retaliations,
damages, inheritances, r^arriages, borrowing of money, wars,
punilhmcnts, admiffion into places of power and truft, or even
into the camp or congregation, &c. Exod. xxi — xxiii. xviii. Lev.
xviii. xix.Tcx. xxv. Num. v. 1, 2. xxvii. xxxiv. xxxv. xxxvi.
Deut. xix — xxv. As their King, he direted the form of -their
encampment and marching in the wildernefs; Exod. xiii. xiv.
Num. i — iv. ix. x. ; directed their wars with the Amalekites, Mi-
dianites, and Canaanites; Exod. xviii. 1 Sam. xv. Num. xxxi.
Deut. xx. Jofh. vi. viii. ; and appointed their officers; Exod.
iii. iv. Num. i. xi. Many things, which in another view were reli
gious ceremonies, feem in fome refpect to have pertained to the
form of the Jewifh theocracy. The tabernacle, or temple, was the
palace of their king ; the oblations were his revenues or civil lift ;
the priefts and Levites,, his courtiers and officers. Nor do I know
but many of them were civil judges as well as ecclefiaftical offi
cers ; even as our ruling elders in the church may lawfully be ma
giftrates in the ftate.
To maintain the true religion constantly among them, and to
prevent idolatry, which is at once fo dishonourable to God and
So destructive to the morals of mankind, and for fecuring their in
ternal peace and happinefs, he formed them into a nation uncom
monly feparated from the nations around. He even prohibited
them to imitate their neighbours in the cuftoms which they had
obferved in iheir falfe worfhip ; as planting trees near altars ;
boiling kids in their mothers' milk ; and perhaps fundry others ;
the unreafonablenefs of which we cannot now fo clearly perceive.
Idolatry and witchcraft, being at once the moft prefumptuous re
bellion againft the God of nature, and high treafon againft him as
the King of Ifrael, were juftly declared punifhable by deith in
every Ifraelite or Sojourning profelyte. — To render their constitu
tion firm, and to prevent their oppreffing one another, he appointed
the country which he gave them to be divided into 601,730 Shares,;
to each warrior a Share of about twelve acres of ground: and by
tie return of inheritances, once every fifty years, at the jubilee,
he fixed thefe Shares in their refpective families. This fecured a
numerous body of freeholders, always ready to defend their coun
try againft every invader. — And, while the Levites were difperfed
through the nation for its religious instruction, their forty-eight
cities and fuburbs, which they held by divine right, at once accom
modated them, and fecured their perfons and families as hoftages
for their good behaviour. Every tribe being independent in
itfelf, their princes were captains in war and magiftrates in time
of peace.
After their Settlement in Canaan, every city had its particular
judges, who held their courts, at leaft fome of them, in the gates ;
Deut. xvi. 19; Judg. xi. 5, 6 ; Zech. viii. 16. Every tribe had
its fupreme and fubordi-nate rulers, according to the plan of Jethro
the Midianite; Exod. xviii. Deut. i. The chief rulers were
called princes, or heads of thoufands ; Num. xxxii. 2 ; Jofh. ix.
15; and xvii. 4; Num. x. 4. Perhaps the feventy elders, men
tioned Num. xi. were the Sixty rulers of ten thoufands, together
with the twelve princes of the tribes ; Num. i. vii. — Of thefe,
fome think the Jewifh fanhedrim or parliament was firft consti
tuted, and afterwards continued. But the utter filence of the Old
Teftament about any fuch court, when there was no king nor
judge to govern the people; Judg. xvii — xxi.; and when the
people generally followed their kings, either in idolatry or reform
ation, makes the existence of any Such court in thoSe times ex-

INTRODUCTION.

and civil government.

tremcly doubtful. Whether moft of their fifteen judges, after
effecting the feveral nation. J deliverances for whicti God raifed
thr.n up, retired to a private life, as before, is not altogether evi
dent. The Hebrews' requcft of a king is reprefented as a rejection of
their theocratical form of government ; 1 Sam. viii. 7 ; and xii.
17, 19. — Under their kings, efpecially after the divijion of the
kingdom, we find but fmall veftiges of it. Nay, except by Da
vid and Solomon, who were alio prophets, we find Scarcely any
thing good done by any oS them, in which any Sovereign on earth
may not imitate them on proper occafions. Even when they were
appointed by God to the government, they were called to their
office by the people, as much as our Bririih kings. They were
inftalled in it by untion, at leaft where their title leemed dubious;
1 Sam. x. 1 ; and xvi. 1 ; I Kings i. 30 ; 2 Kings xi. 12 ; and
xxiii. 3. They were crowned with a crown, Somewhat like the
high prieft's mitre ; 2 Sam. i. 10 ; PS. xxi. 3 ; 2 Kings xi. 12.
The principal Subjects tendered them a kiSs, importing allegiance;
PS. ii. 12 : and the people by loud acclamations testified their Sub
jection ; i Sam. x. 24; 1 Kings i. 39. According to law, none
but a native Ifraelite could be king. Every king was to trans
cribe, for his own ufe, a copy of the Mofaic laws. He was to
govern with equity and lenity. He was not to multiply to himfelf
wives, horfes, filver, or gold, but to depend on the affiftance and
protection of God in all his undertakings ; Deut. xvi. 18, 19, 20;
and xvii. 14 — 20. Their great council, in which the Supreme .
magistrate or his representative prefided, had only power to enact
regulations Sor executing the laws preScribed by God himfelf : nor,
according to thefe rules, cfo they feem to have had any power of
levying taxes. — Till the reign of Saul, the Hebrews had never
any Standing troops ; but the 601,730 freeholders were obliged,
on a proper call, to bear arms againft the enemy at their own
expenfe ; Judg. iii. vi. xx. 1 Sam. xi. Saul had but a few thou-
fand Standing forces; 1 Sam. xiii. 2; and xxvi. 2: but David
increafed their number to 288,000; 1 Chron. xxvii. I — 15. Je-
hoShaphat increafed thofe of Judah to 1,160,000 ; 2 Chron. xvii.
14—19. It only remains to take notice of fome of the classes or sects
mentioned in the fcripture hiftory of the Jewiih nation. As (1)
The Scribes. The moft honourable of thefe were the fecretaries
of ftate and war ; 2 Sam. viii. 17 ; 2 Kings xviii. 18 ; xxii. 3 ;
and xxv., 19. The inferior jcribes were much like our writers to
the Signet; &c. 1 Chron. ii. 55. Many of the Simeonites, it is
faid, being fcattered amongft the other tribes, kept public fchools,
and were Scribes of the loweft form ; Gen. xlix. 7. There appears
to have been another kind of eccleflaflical fcribes, who were preach
ing clergy, and expounded the law of Mofes in their own way;
Luke v. 17, 21 ; and xi. 44. (2) Rabbins. The title of Rabbi,
in the eailier ages, only denoted fuch as were of fuperior rank and
Station; Job xxxii. 9; Either i. 8; Jer. xxxix. 3; and xii. iv
But, fome ages before our Saviour's incarnation, the felf-ccnceited
doctors of learning began to afliime it as a badge of literary ho
nour; Mat. xxiii. 7, 8. (3) The Pharisees were a very nu
merous feet. They pretended that the traditions of the elders
were of, at leaft, equal authority with the written word of God.
They affected to difcover an uncommon Sanctity in many painful
aufterities and trifling Shews of devotion. They enlarged the
fringes on the corners of their garments, and marked their fore
heads with fcrolls of parchment, called phylacleries, on which were
inferibed fome noted fentences of the law; Mat. vi. xxiii. (4)
The Sadducees. They feem to have acknowledged the divine
authority of, at leaft, the books of Mofes ; but denied the exist
ence of feparate Spirits, and the reSurrection of the dead. They
denied the decrees of God, and pretended that men were abfolute
b 2

Secis of lie J civ if b nation.

1 N TRODUCTION,

Typical perfons.

matters of their own actions v.it'iout any Supernatural influence.
Many of the rich and powerful were of this feet : Acts xxiii. 85
and v. 17: but we never hear of one of them converted to the
Christian faith. (5) The Samaritans were the offspring of
thofe heathens whom the kings, of Affyria brought from the eaft,
and planted in the country of the ten tribes. Their religion was a
motley mixture of the heathen and Jewilh. They and the Jews
generally hated one another to an uncommon degree ; and in the
days of our Saviour the Jews thought them all poffeffed by the
devil; 2 Kings xvii. 24 — 34 ; Ezra iv. v. Neh. ii. iii. iv. vi.
John iv. and viii. 48 ; Luke ix. 52, 53. (6) The Galileans
were a party headed by one Judas, who refufed to fubmit to the
Romans, or to pay them any tribute ; Acts v. 37 ; Luke xiii.
1. (7) The Herodians were the flatterers of Herod the tetrarch
of Galilee, who were ready to comply with whatever heathenilh
cuftoms he introduced, in order to pleafe his Roman friends ;
Mat. xxii. 16; Mark viii. 15.
The knowledge of the typical representations under
the Old Teftament difpenfation is of much more importance ; the
whole of it being intended by God as a proper mean of ufhering
"his Son into our world and into his fubfequent glory : every reli
gious rite, every noted perfon and event, obfervable therein, may
juftly be confidered as an emblem of what is fpiritual, and as a
TYPE, a FIGURE, a SUBSTANTIAL PREDICTION, of good things
to come. This idea is ftrongly fupported by the apoftle's calling
the Jewifh ordinances fhadows of good things to come, the body of
which is Chrift; Col. ii. 17 : and by moft of his Epiftle to the
Hebrews. To view the noted persons, events, and ritual
institutions, in relation to Jefus Chrift and his New Tefta
ment and heavenly church, is indeed to apprehend them in a moft
amiable and engaging point of light. In this view we difcern all
the prophets bearing witnefs to our glorious and worthy Re
deemer. — Among thefe Shadows of good things to come we may
rank. *
I. Typical Persons, who, in their distinguished origin, their
amiable qualities, their honourable ftations, their peculiar .work or
call to it, their wiSe and faithful performance thereof and remark
able fuccefs therein, reprefent Jefus, the Mediator of the New
Teftament and Saviour of men. In this light we may confider
(1) Adam, in his immediate formation by God, his perfect
likenefs to God, his diftinguifhed form, in which the fpiritual and
material fubftances of creation were connected ; in his lordfhip
over this fublunary world, his di/uie marriage, and in his parental
and federal relation to mankind; Gen. i — v. Rom. v. 12 — 19;
1 Cor. xv. 21, 22. (2) Abel, in the debafement of his name,
the righteoufnefs of his life, the excellency and acceptablenefs of
his Sacrifice ; in his brother's hatred and murder of him, and the
fearful punifhm'ent which enfued ; Gen. iv. 1 — 16 ; Heb. xi. 4;
and xii. 24; 1 John iii. 12. (3) Enoch, in his felf-dedication
to God, upright walking with him, clear prediction of the laft
judgment, and embodied translation to heaven; Gen. v. 22 — 24;
Heb. xi. 5; Jude 14, 15. (4) Noah, as the comforter of his
friends, the upright favourite of his God, the erector of the ark,
the faviour of his family and animals, the acceptable facrificer to
God, the covenant head of thofe who repeopled the new world,
and the predictor of their different fates ; Gen. v — x. Heb. xi. 6 ;
1 Pet. iii. 19, 20. (5) Melchizedek, in the fecrefy of his
genealogy ; in his immediately divine inftalment in the priefthood;
in his relation to an accurfed people as their prieft and king ; in
his having nO official fucceffor ; in his fuperiority to, and blefling
of, Abraham ; and in his generous refrefhrnent of the victorious
but weary troops; Gen, xiv. l8 — 20 ; Pf. ex. 4; Heb. vii. I —
11. (6) Abraham, in his divine call to leave his native country;
in his firm truft in, ready obedience to, and high Savour with,

God; in his meekneSs, his. kindnefs, and his boldneSs, in fa .-our
of Lot, his injurious friend ; in bis perfect equty and extenfive
ufefuinefs to his neighbours ; in his covenant headship over bis
long promifed and nV^rvelloufly produced feed ; and in the extra
ordinary oblations whereby he confirmed it; and in the diftin
guifhed tempers and fate of thofe born in his houfe ; Gen. xii —

He!

PS. cv.' 6—15; Acts vii, 2 — 8 ; Rom. iv.
i2 — 31.' (7) Isaac, in his long pre-

xxv. tieo. xi. a — 19 ,
Gal. iii. 6—18; and iv,
dieted, much defired, and marvellous, birth ; in his early enduring
oS persecution ; in his voluntary oblation of himfelf to God, a
Source of great bleffings to himfelf and his feed ; in his happy mar
riage to his Gentile kinfwoman ; and in the long-delired biith,
different tempers, and States, oS his children ; Gen. xxi — xx\ ii.
Gal. iv. 26 — 29., (8) Jacob, in his noted uprightnefs ; his ac
quirement of the birthright and blefling ; his manifold troubles,
and divine fupport and comfort under the fame ; his prevalent
wreftling and powerful prayers; his numerous offspring, and the
extenfive bleffings he left them; Gen. xxv — xxxv. xlvi — 1. Hof.
xii. 3 ; and iv. 12. (9) Joseph, as a darling fon, marked with
princely apparel : a hated, but prudent and affectionate, brother;
a trufty, wife, and fuccefsful, Servant ; an infpired interpreter and
prophet; a refolute refifter cf temptation; a patient Sufferer of
trials unnumbered, and through them highly exalted and Singularly
bleffed ; and, in fine, as the preferver of nations, the advancer of
his mafter's kingdom, and ilourilher of his lather's family; Gen.
xxx. 22 — 24; xxxvii. x.cxix — 1. Pf. cv. 16—22 ; Acts vii. 9—
18. (10) Job, in his remarkable piety, integrity, humility, and
ufefulnefs ; in his original happinefs and wealth ; in his fudd..n and
Sovereign reduction to depths of mife-ry and woe ; in his manifold
and grievous fufferings from every quarter, hell, earth, and hea
ven; his remarkable patience under them, and his reftoration at
laft to redoubled glory and wealth ; Job i — xiii. Ezek. xiv. 14;
James v. 11. (11) Moses, in his honourable but hazardous
birth, his marvellous prefervation, his manifold trials and patience
under them ; in his folemn call to his extenfive office of deliverer,
mediator, extraordinary prieft, unparalleled prophet, honoured law
giver, and king in Jefnurun ; in his incomparable intimacy with
God ; and in his meeknefs, difintereftedneS, fidelity, and zeal, in
<the difcharge of" his Work; Exod. ii. to Deut. xxxiv. Pf. cv. 26,
-27 ; and lxxvii. 20; Acts vii. 20 — 40 ; Heb. xi. 23 — 29. (12)
Aaron, as a renoevned faint, an eloquent orator, an holy prophet,
a great high prieft, a covenant head and common parent of priefts
unnumbered ; in his folemn call to, and inveftiture in, his office
of priefthood, and the confirmation thereof by miracles of merpy
and wrath ; in his laborious, faithful, and affectionate, difcharge
thereof ; and at laft in his voluntary death on mount Hor, leaving
his facred veftments to his fon; Exod. iv. 14 — 16; viii — x.
xxviii. xxix. Lev. viii. ix. x. Numb. xvi. xvii. xx. (13, 14)
Bkz aleel and Aholi ab, as the divinely called, Singularly qualified,
faithful, laboiious, and fuccefsful, framers of a tabernacle for the
Symbolic refidence of God ; Exod. xxxi. xxxvi — xl. (15) Phine-
has, in his divinely directed, though uncommon, zeal for God
and his nation ; in his honourable reward of victory, peace, and
everlafting priefthood; and in his covenant headship over his
prieftiy pofterity; Num. xxv. xxxi. PS. cvi. 30,31. (16) Jo
shua, in his name, pregnant with falvation ; his education under
Mofes the lawgiver ; his folemn call and repeated encouragement
from God to his work, and his diligence therein ; his miraculous
affiftance, diverfified exploits, marvellous conquefts, and wife dis
tribution of the promifed Canaan to God's chofen people ; and in
his zeal and care to eftablifh among them the true worfhip and
Service df God; Exod. xvii. 10, 13; Num. xiii. 13, 16; and
xiv. 6 — 10, 30; and xxvii. 15—23; Deut. xxxi. 1—8; Jofh. i
— xxi*. Acts vii. 45; Heb. iv. 8. (ij) Gideon, in his original
meannefs; his lovely humility and meekneSs; his clearly divine,

In what the typical perfons

INTRODUCTION. reprefented and prefgured Chrift.

folemn, and miraculoufly attefted, call to deliver Ifrael ; his amaz
ing fuccefs by unlikely instruments ; his care to reform his nation,
maintain peace with his friends, and punifh his contemners ;
Judg. vi — viii. i Sam. xii. u ; Heb. xi. 32 — 34. (18) Sam
son, in his preternatural birth, his folemn feparation to the Service
of God, his marvellous exploits, the men of Judah's betrayment
of him into the hand of his enemies ; and, in fine, his voluntary
death for the ruin of his people's deftroyers ; Judg. xiii — xvi.
Heb. xi. 32 — 34. (19) Boaz the Bethlehemite, in his abundant
wealth, his humble and affectionate mind, his divinely-directed
and honourable marriage to a destitute Gentile widow, and the
happy iffue thereof; Ruth i — iv. (20) Samuel, in his marvel
lous birth, his early dedication to God, his folemn call to and
faithful fervice of God, as the prophet and deliverer of Ifrael, and
in the remarkable vengeance which overtook the nation for reject
ing him; 1 Sam. i — xxxi. Heb. xi. 32 — 34. (21) David, in
his fidelity, patience, meeknefs, zeal, eminent davotion, firm
faith in, and high favour and familiarity with, God, and in his
triple unction and call to his office ; in which he was at once the
Pfalmift, prophet, and monarch, of Ifrael, and a head to the hea
then around ; in his covenant headShip over his royal pofterity ;
in his unnumbered and grievous afflictions from every fide, and
his holy refignation thereto ; in his marvellous exploits, and almoft
ever-fuccefsful wars with the enemies of his nation ; in his afto
nifhing care to order the church, and his expenfive preparations
for building the temple of God ; 1 Sam. xvi — xxx. 2 Sam. i —
xxiv; 1 Kings i. ii. 1 Chron. iii. xi — xxix. Pf. ii — cl. Aits xiii.
22. (22). Solomon, in his dearnefs to God; in his early and
folemn enthronement ; his charge from, and benediction by, his
father; in his aftonifhing wifdom, wealth, and renown ; in the
extent, order, peace, and happinefs, of his kingdom ; in his ex
penfive, fkiifu', and laborious, erection of a magnificent temple
for God, and in his folemn dedication thereof by facrifices and
prayer; 2 Sam. xii. 25; and vii. 12—16; I Chron. xvii. n —
15 ; and xxii. xxviii. 1 Kings i — x. 2 Chron. i — ix. Pfal. lxxii.
cxxxii. . (23) Elijah, in his debafed appearances, fervent zeal,
effectual prayers, difcriminating facrifice, miracles of mercy and
judgment, power over the nations, embodied translation to heaven,
and the fearful vengeance which overtook his oppofers of the fa
mily of Ahab, according to his predictions; 1 Kings xvii — xix.
xxi. 2 Kings i. ii. 2 Chron. xxi. 12 — 15; Luke iv. 25, 26;
James v. 17, 18. (24) Elisha, in his folemn call to his pro
phetical function, and ready compliance therewith ; his plentiful
endowment with the Spirit of God, numerous miracles of mercy
and judgment, ufefulnefs to his nation, the manifold injuries he
received, and the fearful refentments thereof by his God ; 1 Kings
xix. 19 — 2! ; 2 Kings ii — ix; and xiii. 14 — 21 ; Luke iv. 27.
S25) Jonah, in his expofure to the raging Storm and billows, his
burial alive in the whale's belly, and refurrection therefrom on the
third day; and in the fuccefs which attended his fubfequent mini-
fixation among the Gentiles ; 2 Kings xiv. 25 ; Jonah i — iv.
Matt. xii. 39 — 41. (26) Eliakim, in his fucceflion to a traitor
in office ; his diftinguilhed authority and faithful exercife thereof,
for the honour of.his matter and advantage of his nation ; If. xxii.
20 — 24. (27) Daniel, in his renowned piety and uprightnefs ;
his high favour with God; his diftinguifhed wifdom, and uncom
mon revelations of God's purpofes ; his powerful prayers ; his
^advancement to high honours, through exile, debafement, and
trouble ; and in the terrible vengeance which overtook his mali
cious perfecutors ; Dan. i — xii. Ezek. xiv. 14; and xxviii.. 3.
(28} Zerubbabel, in his dearnefs to God; his leading his
-people frpm Babylon to Canaan ; and in his rebuilding the temple
by weak means, and notwithftanding much oppofition ; Hag. i.
14; and ii. 23; Zech. iv. 6 — 10; Ezra i — vi. (29) Joshua
the high prieft, in the refinance he received from Satan ; the di-
7

vine changing of his apparel ; in the contempt which he and his
fellows endured; and in the:r fubfequent crowns of honour, and
their fellowship with angels; Zech. iii. vi. Ezra v. 2. (30)
John Baptist, in his divinely predicted, preternatural, and
gladdening, birth; his early and eminent fanctity of nature and
life; and in his folemn call to his work of reformation ; his zeal,
fidelity, and fuccefs, therein ; and in his martyrdom in the caufe
of truth; Luke i. iii. Mat. iii. xiv. John i. iii. — Thefe did all'
prefigure Jefus Chrift in every thing, in his perfon, ftate, or con
duct, correspondent witn thefe things.
II. Typical classes, or orders, of men, which prefigured
Jefus Chrift, and his gofpel ministers or people, in their Stations,
endowments, work, and reward. Thus (1) The Israelites in
general, in the meannefs of their extract; the fupernatural
manner of their production from Abraham ; their long-continued
paucity and weaknefs ; their obftinacy and wickednefs, and fre
quent murmurings and rebellions ; thsir manifold diftrefles, wan
dering?, and enemies ; — and.efpecially in God's federal betrothing
of them to himfelf in their progenitors ; marking them with his
fign of circumcifion ; Separating them to himfelf as his peculiar
people, children, and fervants ; beftowing upon them his peculiar
protection, provifion, direction, laws, ordinances, promiSes, and
country; and his increafing them into a multitude of nations ;—
were figures of the faints, particularly in the gofpel church ; Heb.
xi. n, 12; Exod. i. ii. xiii. xiv. xvi. xvii. xix. Num. i — xxxvi.
Deut. iv — ix. and xxvi. 5—9; Rom. ix. 4, 5, &c. (2) The
first-born Hebrew males, as memorials of an accomplished
redemption from Egypt ; as the beginning of their fathers' Strength,
and prefervers of their honourable name ; as heirs to a double
portion of their inheritance and their principal blefling; as heads
»(if not priefts before the law) to their brethren ; as the honour of
their families, and means of fantifying them to. God and procuring
his blefling,. thereon ; prefigured Jefus Chrift, and were emblems
of his chofen faints; Exodi xiii. 2, n — 16; xxii. 29 ; and xxxiv.
19; Num. iii. 45 — 51; and viii. 16; Deut. xxi, 16, 17. (3)
The kinsmen-redeemers, in their neceffary nearnefs of kin,
that the right of redemption might be theirs ; in their recovering
their friend's inheritance, if mortgaged ; redeeming his perfon, if
enflavedj avenging his blood, if he had been murdered; and in
marrying his widow, 411 d railing him up an honourable feed, if he
died childlefs ; prefigured Jefus Chrift in our nature, purchafing
our happinefs, avenging our blood upon Satan and our lufts, re
deeming our perfons ; and, by union and communion with them,
rendering us fruitful in good works ; Lev. xxv, 25 ; Num. xxxv.
19 — 28; Ruth iv. 1 — 10. (4), The Younger unmarried
brothers of an Hebrew who died childlefs, in their obligation
to efpoufe their brother's widow, and faife him up an heir to his
eitate, and their expofure to contempt, if they refufed, — reprefent
ministers and profeflbrs of the Christian church, who, by commu
nion with the church, muft either raife up a Spiritual feed to Jefus,
their departed Brother, or expofe themfelves to everlafting Shame
and contempt; Dent. xxv. 5 — to, (5) The voluntary bond
servants, who, from love to their mafter and, family, refuted to
go free at the end of their term, and had their ear fattened to his
door- poll, in token of their engagement to perpetual fervice, —
figured out Jefus Chrift, as, from love to God and his people,
voluntarily engaging himfelf in the perpetual work of our falva
tion, — and his people, as conftrained by his love to perpetual obe
dience; Exod. xxi. 5, 6; Deut. xv. 16, \j. (6) The sojourn
ing strangers, not Canaanites, in the tender care taken of them ;
in their free accefs to the oracles and ordinances of God, and to the
cities of refugo ; reprefented the free and abundant accefs of the
Gentiles to the gofpel church, and their high privileges therein ;
Exod. xxii. 21 ; and xii. 48, 49 ; Lev. xix. 10; Num. xv, 4;
xix. 10; and xxxv. 15; &c. The hanged malefactors of

What was prefigured by the

INTRODUCTION.

typical clafes, events,

&c.

Ifrael, in their accurfed death and fpeedy burial, figured out our
Redeemer, as clothed with our guilt and curfe ; crucified for the
expiation of our crimes; and decently interred, without delay, to
mark that the law was Satisfied for our fin ; Deut. xxi. 22, 23.
(8) The Hebrew judges, in their folemn call to deliver their
people from that miiery which their fins had procured; in their
divine qualification for then work, and fuccefs therein ; prefigured
Jefus, our neceffary, divinely called, well qualified, and fuccefsful,
Deliverer; Judg. ii — xvi. I Sam. i — vii. and xii. II ; Neh. ix.
27. (9) The Hebrew kings of David's family, as introduced
by the Ifraelites' rejection of God's immediate government ; as
taken from among their brethren ; as divinely called to, and fe
cured in, power by a perpetual covenant ; as installed by unction,
coronation, kiffes, and Shouts of fubjeetion ; as copying out the
law of God for themfelves, and constantly attending to it as the
rule of their administrations ; as charged not to truft on carnal
Supports nor wallow in flefhly pleafures ; as fitting on the Lord's
throne, and ruling the Lord's people, but never exalting their
heart above them ; and as fighting the Lord's battles, and extir
pating his accurfed enemies ; reprefented Jefus Chrift, as the
mediatorial King of his church; and his faints, as made kings unto
God; 1 Sam. viii. xiii. xv. and xvi. I — 13 ; 2 Chron. xi. xii.
1 Kings i. 39; 2 Kings xi. 12: and xxiii. 30. (10) The holy
prophets, in their divine miffion to, furniture for, and direction
in, their work ; and in their diligence, fidelity, and zeal in it ;
explaining God's laws, attefting his truths, revealing his pur-
pofes, announcing his promifes and threatenings, and directing his
people ; in being often figns and wonders to men ; and in fuffering
much abufe and perfecution from them, and in God's fearful re-
fentment thereof; reprefented Jefus Chrift, and his gofpel mini
fters and faints; If. vi. Jer. i. Ezek. ii — xi. Heb, i. If. i. to«
Mal. iv. 2 Chron. xxxvi. 15 — 17; Mat. xxiii. 34, 35. (11)
The Nazarites, in their voluntary feparation from* others and
folemn dedication to God ; in the honourable length of their hair ;
in their abftinence from everything intoxicating and polluting;
in their exact fulfilment and folemn finishing of .their vow ; figured
out Jefus, his minifters, and his people, as folemnly, and yet vo
luntarily, fet apart to their facred work ; as conftant and increaf-
ing in their manifefted fubjeetion to God ; making known their
moderation to all men ; and as, amidft dehafement and "troubles,
perfecting hoiinefs in the fear of the Lord ; and at laft finishing
their courfe in a manner thankful, folemn, and highly honourable,
to God; Num. vi. Judg. xiii. (12) The Nethinims-, i. e.
given ones, which confifted of the Gibeonites, and fuch others as
were devoted to the lower fervices of the tabernacle or temple, in
drawing water to wafh the facrifices, or hewing wood to burn
them"; in their voluntary fubjeetion, their mean employment,
and yet distinguished nearnefs to God ; reprefented our devoted,
condefcending, and debated, Redeemer, approaching to, and en
joying remarkable fellowfhip with, God in the fervice of his
church, and his minifters and faints ; Jofh. ix. 22 — 27 ; 1 Chron.
ix. 2; Ezra ii. 58. (13) The Levites, in their honourable
feparation to the fervice of God, as a reward of their zeal againft
the worfhippers of the golden calf; in their Standing in the room
of the firft-born Ifraelites ; in their being appointed to their work
for preventing plagues on the Hebrew nation ; in their early en
rolment in the facred lifts, from a month old ; in their folemn in
stalment in their office, by waffling, waving, and diverfified obla
tions ; in their extenfive labour, watching and bearing the taber
nacle and its furniture, affifting the priefts in the facrifices, teach
ing the people, &c. during the vigour of life, and then retiring to
an honourable reft ; and in their large allotment of cities and in
comes, though by far the fmalleft of the Hebrew tribes ; prefi
gured Jefus, as the folemnly inftalled, the once debated, but faith
ful, Servant of his Father, in all the concerns of his church ; and
were emblems of his minifters and faints, in their labours of love

and their ample reward ; Exod, xxxii. 27 — 29;. Deut. xxxiii. 8—
11; Mal. ii. 5, 6; Num. iii. iv. viii. xviii. and xxxv. I — 8;
Deut, xii. n — 19; xiv, 27—29; and xviii. 6 — 8; 2 Chron. .
xvii. 8, 9; xix. 8; and xxix — xxxi. Neh. viii. (14). Phe
Aaronic priests, in their attefted defcent from Aaron; their
unblemifhed bodies ; their feparation from their brethren ; their
temperate diet, moderate mourning, and honourable marriage;
their plain, but pure and facred, apparel ; their divine call, and
folemn atteftation thereof by miracles of mercy and wrath ; their
folemn confecration to their office, by wafhing, enrobing, obla
tions, untions, and feafting ; and in their extenfive work of rear
ing and unrearing the tabernacle in the wildernefs, taking care ef
the facred furniture, offering all the gifts and Sacrifices of their
nation, burning the incenfe, placing and removing the Shew-
bread, lighting and dreffing the Sacred lamps, blowing the Silver
trumpets, teaching and blefling the people, judging, of their le-
profies, purifying the unclean, encouraging the people in their bat
tles ; and, in fine, in their plentiful and facred reward ; prefigured.
Jefus, in his honourable pedigree, perfect purity, abfolute fitnefs
for his work, folemn call to it, and inftalment therein, and his
faithful and complete difcharge thereof,, ifluing in a glorious,
abundant, and everlafting reward ; — and they were alfo emblems
of his minifters and faints ; Heb. v, 1 ; Ezra ii. 62, 63 ; Lev.
xxi. xxii. 1 — 13 ; xxiv. 5 — 9 ; and i — x. xii — xv. Exod. xxix.
and xxviii. 40 — 43; 2 Chron. xiii. 10,11; Num. iv. 5 — 16;
vi. 23 — 26; viii. 2, 3; x.i — 10; and xv — xviii. xxviii. xxix-
Deut. xvii. 8 — 13; xviii. 1 — 5; and xx. 1 — 4. (15) The
high priest, in his peculiar dignity; his government of the
other priefts; in his double fuit of facred veStments, the Simple
and golden; his plentiful unction; his never defiling himfelf,
nor leaving the Sanctuary; his efpoufing none but an honour
able virgin; his performing the whole work of the annual expia
tion, purifying the fanctuary and its furniture, entering within the
vail and returning to blefs the people ; prefigured Jefus, the fole
High Prieft of our profeffion, in his unparalleled excellency, dig
nity, and purity; his Headship over his people ; his robes of man
hood, mediatorial office, and righteoufnefs ; his divine call to, and
full preparation for, his work, by the abundant influences of the
Holy Ghoft ; his perfect attachment to, and attendance on, that
work ; his communion with chofen and fandtified perfons and pure
churches ; his making a full atonement for our fins, and bringing
in an everlafting righteouSneSs ; and his entering into heaven by
his own blood, that he might thence return to blefs men in the
gofpel difpenfation and laft judgment ; Exod. xxviii. 1 — 39; and
xxix. 6 ; Lev. xxi. 10 — 12 ; and viii. ix. xvi.
III. Typical events, or tranfient things, which prefigured
Jefus, and the great events of our redemption by him. (i)
Noah's ark, in its divine contrivance, appointment, and planj
in its firmnefs, Strength, and fitnefs to fwim through fwelling
floods, and to protect from deluging rains ; in its capacious and
regular Stories, rooms, and entrance ; in its illumination only
from above ; in its being the fole means of faving a few perfons
and animals from the overflowing deluge ; in its faving the cargo
which God directed into it, by the expofure of itfelf; and, in fine,
firmly fettling on its lofty reft ; reprefented Jefus, in his diverfified
offices and States, as the fole means of faving an elect world, com
mitted to him by God, from the overflowing deluge of infinite
wrath; and is a figure of his body the church, without the limits
of which none can be faved; Gen. vi — viii. Heb. xi. 7 ; 1 Pet.
iii. 20, 21. (2) Jacob's ladder, erected in the wildernefs, and
reaching frem Jacob on earth to a promifing Jehovah, in heaven,
and occupied by angels aScending and deScending thereon ; repre
fented Jefus, as the fon of Jacob in his manhood, and of Jeho
vah in his divine perfon ; — in his different States of debafement
and exaltation, as the Mediator between God and men, miniftered
to by angels himfelf, and in whom they minifter to us j Gen.

What was prefigured b\

INTRODUCTION.

typical events and ordinances.

xxvii. n— 15; John i. 51. (3) Moses' bush ; low, earthy,
and combuftible; burning, but not confumed; reprefented Jefus'
manhood ; low and weak in itfelf, inhabited by his fulnefs of God
head, and expofed to the fiercenefs of his Father's wrath, but not
confumed ; — and his church, under fiery tribulations, but not de
ftroyed, becaufe inhabited by a promifing God ; Exod. iii. 2 —
10; Acts vii. 30 — 34. (4) The pillar of cloud and fire,
which conducted the Hebrews in the wildernefs, in its form; i:s
feafonable origin ; its hovering over the erected tabernacle; in its
bedewing, enlightening, protecting, and directing influence ; and
in the many oracular instructions received from thence ; marked
out Jefus Chrift and his gofpel ordinances ; Exod. xiii. 20 — 22 ;
xiv. 20; and xl. 34= — 38 ; Num. ix. 15 — 23; and x. 33, 34;
Neh? ix. 14, 19; Pfal. cv. 39; 1 Cor. x. 2. (5) The tree
difcovered by God, and caft by Mofes into the bitter waters of
Marah for Sweetening them, reprefented JeSus, found out by
God, made under the law, and. crucified for us, fweetening every
thing awful, bitter, and troubleSome ; Exod. xv. 22 — 25. (6)
The manna, divinely formed, marvellous in virtue ; given freely,
feafonably, plentifully, daily, early, and abundantly, to ill-deferv-
ing and even contemning murmurers, ready to perifh ; and ga
thered by all, daily and early ; Shared equally; carefully prepared ;
Speedily and regularly eaten ; a golden potful of which was pre
served for a lafting memorial in the holy of holies; reprefented
Jefus as the bread of life ; given to Sinners of mankind in the
gofpel, and gathered and eaten by a true faith ; and of which
there is a plentiful memorial contained in gofpel ordinances;
Exod. xvi. Num. xi. 4 — 9 ; 31 — 33 ; and xxi. 5, 6 ; Neh. ix.
I5> 2°; John vi. 32 — 57. (7) The rocks of Rephidim and
Kadefh, as fmitten by Mofes' rod, and emitting Streams of water
fufficient for all the Hebrew millions, and following them in their
way through the wildernefs, reprefented Jefus, as obeying and
Suffering under Mofes' law, that thence might iffue forth Streams
of redeeming love, blood, fpirit, and truth, for the life and com
fort of finners of mankind ; Exod. xvii. 1 — 7; Num. xx. 1 — 11;
Neh. ix. 15 — 20; Pf. Ixxviii. 15, 16; cv. 41 ; and cxiv. 8 ;
1 Cor. x. 4. (8) The well dug by the nobles of Ifrael on
the border of Moab, at Mofes' direction, reprefented -Chrift as the
fountain opened in the gofpel, by the prophets and apoftles, for
the purification and comfort of his people in this world ; Num.
xxi. 16 — 18. (9) The cluster of grapes, brought by Caleb
and Jofhua from Efhcol, might figure out his unnumbered excel
lencies, bleffings, promifes, gifts, and graces, brought near in the
gofpel, and exhibited to men as evidences of the plenty which is to
be enjoyed in the Canaan above; Num. xiii. 23, 24. (10) While
Aaron's budding rod, laid up in the forefide of the ark, marked
the divine appointment, the conftant fucceffion, and ever ufeful
labours, of the Aaronic priefts, it reprefented Jefus, the ever
flourifhing and fruitful branch of the Lord; and the gofpel rod of
his Strength, as the demonftrative evidence of his call to his high
priefthood; Num. xvii. Pf. ex. 2. (ii) The brazen serpent,
appointed by God, framed by Mofes, and lifted up on a pole, that
the Serpent- bitten Ifraelites might be healed by looking to it, re
prefented the Almighty Jefus, in the likenefs of finful flefh, ful
filling Mofes' law, and lifted up on the crofs and in the gofpel, as
the divinely appointed,, the eafy, the acceffible, the univerfal, and
infallible, Saviour and medicine of finful men, who look to him
by faith; Num. xxi. 4 — 9; John iii. 14 — 17. (12, 13) The
pools of Bethesda and Siloam, occafion, .lly noted for their
healing virtue, might figure him out as the miraculous healer of
maimed, withered, lame, difeafed, and blind, finners ; John v.
I — 4.5 and ix. 6, 7 ; Zech. xi;i. 1 ; IS viii. 6. (14, 15) The
deliverance of the Hebrews from Egypt and Babylon, in the
time and manner fixed by God's promife, and notwithstanding
much oppofition, prefigured Jefus' promifed, feafonable, marvel
ous, all-powerful, deliverance of the nations from their mifery

under heathenifm or popery, through his erection or re-eftablifh-
ment of his gofpel church ; and are emblems of men's deliverance
from an unregenerate ftate; Exod. xiv. Pf. Ixxviii. cv. Ezra i.
ii. (16) The travels of the Hebrews in the wildernefs, amidft
fins, judgments, trials, mercies, and revelations, unnumbered,
and their marvellous entrance into Canaan, were typical of the
diverfified fates of the gofpel church, and her marvellous entrance
into her millennial and eternal reft; Exod. xv. to Deut. xxxiv.
Neh. ix. 15 — 23; Pf. Ixxviii. 14 — 54; cv. 39 — 43; and cvi.
14 — 33; Jofh. i — v. (17) Their divinely directed and wonder
fully fuccefsful wars, in the conqueft or prefervation of Canaan,
were typical of the manifold Struggles oS the gofpel church to
extend her boundaries or maintain her privileges ; and emblema
tical of the faints' fpiritual warfare on earth ; Exod. xvii. 8 — 16 ;
Num. xxi. 1 — 3; 21 — 35 ;. Jofh. vi — xii. Judg. i — xvi. 2 Sam.
v. viii. x. &c.
IV. Miscellaneous ordinances, many, if not moft, of
which pertained to their civil as well as to their ceremonial fyftem.
Thefe in general directed them to live as a people feparated to the
Lord, and who in all things, even the moft minute, were zealous
for his honour. (1) To mark them Abraham's feed, distin
guished from all others ; to feal with them the covenant of grace,
and their peculiar relation to God; to prefigure Jefus Chrift, as
Shedding his blood for his people; and to reprefent our fpiritual
regeneration and mortification; every man child was, under pain of
death, to be circumcised on the eighth day; Gen. xvii. (2) To
mark that nothing fhould be rafhly, or in an improper condition,
given to the Lord, no animal, however clean, was to be offerecj
till it was at leaft feven days old; Exod. xxii. 30. The fruit of
trees was held polluted for the firft three years, and only on the
fourth year given to the Lord, after which it wa^ the lawful pro
perty of its owner; Lev. xix. 23 — 25. The price of a dog, or
the hire of an harlot, or any thing elfe unlawfully gotten, was
never to be offered to the Lord; Deut. xxiii. 18; If. lxi. 8. A
bond woman defiled, having nothing of her own, was to bring no
trefpafs-offering, but to be fcourged for her fault; Lev. xix. 20—
22. (3) To mark a regard to the Lord's oblations, and to Jefus*
death, thereby reprefented, none might eat of any blood, or of
the fat of any cattle, fheep, or goats ; Lev. xvii. 6 ; and vii. 23 — ¦
27. (4) To excite the Jews to the utmoft purity in all manner
of converfation, none might eat of clean beafts which had been
torn, or had died of themfelves; Lev. xvii. 15; Deut. xiv. 21: and
every one was to eafe nature at a proper distance, and cover the
excrements; Deut. xxiii. 12 — 14. (5) To prevent fymbolizing
with heathenifh and inhuman fuperftition, and to animate to the
moft tender compaffion, none might cut his flefh, or make him
felf bald, in mourning for difeafed friends ; Lev. xix. 27, 28 ;
Deut. xiv. 1. None might boil an animal in its mother's milk,
or Slav the dam along with her young ; Exod. xxiii. 19 ; and xxxiv.
26; Deut. xiv. 21 ; and xxii. 6, 7 ; Lev. xxii. 28. Nor was the
mouth of an ox, while treading out the corn, to be muzzled;
Deut. xxv. 4. (6) To teach them the hurtfulnefs of improper
mixtures of perfons in Societies; or of works and grace; or of or
dinances of God and inventions of men; no eunuchs, baftards,
Ammonites, or Moabites, were to be admitted into any fhare of
the Hebrew government ; Deut. xxiii. 1 — 8. No Ifraelite might
wear a garment proper to the other fex; Deut. xxii. 5. None
might wear a garment of woollen and linen ; Deut. xxii. 11. None
might Sow his field with a mixture of divers feeds; Deut. xxii. 9.
None might plow with an ox and an afs yoked together; Deut.
xxii. 10: nor gender his cattle with divers kinds; Lev. xix. 19.
(7) To mark the moft difinterefted love and tender compaffion
towards mankind, and to figure out the rich abundance of Jefus' re
deeming grace, no fervant, who had fled from a hard mafter, was to
be delivered back to him; Deut. xxiii. 15. No captive maid was
to be married, till She had remained a month to prepare herfelf and

What was reprefented

INTRODUCTION.

by typical places.

bewail the loSs of her parents; Deut. xxi. 10 — 14. No man be
trothed or newly married, or who had newly built a houfe or
planted a vineyard, was required to attend in war; Deut. xx. 5 —
7; and xxiv. 5. None might lend money upon ufury to a poor
Hebrew, if to any Hebrew at all ; or render him a bond-fervant ;
Lev. xxv. 36, 37 ; Deut. xxiii. 19. None might reap the corners
of his field, nor glean thofe of his vineyard; nor Shake his, fruit
trees a fecond time ; nor bring home afheafwhich he had once
forgotten in the field ; but all was to be left to the poor, to the
Stranger, the fatherlefs, and the widow; Lev. xix. 9, 10. (8) Not
only to deter from every indulgence of flefhly luft, but to mark
the fearful end of thofe who hypocritically join themfelves to the
church, or who difhonour Jefus by their fcandalous and continued
outbreakings, the woman who falfely impofed herfelf upon an huf-
band as a virgin was to be publicly Stoned; Deut. xxii. 21 ; and
a prieft's daughter who played the harlot was to be burnt ; Lev.
xxi. 9. (9) To animate them to a conftant gratitude for mercies
received, and a regard to the commandments of God, every He
brew's upper garment was marked with a blue fringe, commemo
rative of the redemption from Egypt, and of his obligation to obey
the law of Mofes; Num. xv. 37 — 41,
V; Typical places, which were ceremonially holy, , but in
different degrees. Canaan was holy in the loweft degree, the ci
ties of refuge in the fecond, Jerufalem in the third, mount Zion
in the fourth, and the, tabernacle and temple in the higheft. In the
more facred places God fymbohcally dwelt: thither his offerings
were brought, there his feltiva'.s were kept, and thence his oracles
were to be fought; Deut. xii. 5 — 7; Pfal. Ixxxvii. cxxii. cxxxii.
(1) Canaan, as the wonted refidence of ejected finners; as a
land divinely chofen for God's f.vourites; long promifed, freely
bellowed, and gracioufly infpeeted by the eye of God; a land or
derly allotted to God's ch; fen people, brought. thither by miracles
unnumbered ; a land Singularly nourished by the influences of hea
ven, and fruitful in every thing neceffary for fubliftence and de
light; and, to crown all, the facred refidence of Jehovah, and of
the ordinances of his grace ; — (but how defpifed, and come Short
of, through unbelief!) — prefigured the ftate of the New Teftament
' church, and of the celeftial happinefs; and was an emblem of our
new covenant ftate of union to, and fellowfhip with, Jefus Chrift;
Gen. xv. 18 — 21; Exod. iii. 8, 17; and vi. 8; Num. xiv. 7, 8,
Deut. vi. 10, 11; viii. 7 — 10; and xi. 9 — 12; Neh. ix. 25, 35 ;
Ezek. xx. 6, 15; Pf. cvi. 24; Heb. iii. 19. (2) The cities
of refuge, in their names; and as being near to the borders of
the heathen, and eafily acceffible to every man-flayer; as Leviti-
cal cities of instruction; as perpetually having their gates open,
with excellent roads leading to them ; and in the protection and
peace which they fecured for the refugees who remained in them
till the death of the high prieft ; reprefented Jefus Chrift, as the all-
renowned, near, acceffible, completely furnifhed, and everlafting,
refuge of finful men, Jews and Gentiles, in which they receive
¦ fpiritual light, life, liberty, peace, and fafety; Numb. xxxv. 6 —
34; Deut. iv. 41 — 43; Jofh. xx. xxi. (3) Jerusalem, in its
name marking peace and perfection difcerned and poffeffed ; in its
Stable foundation, compact form, beautiful appearaiice, and Strong
fortifications ; and as a city chofen of God, holy, healthy, rich,
renowned, royal, populous, and privileged; prefigured the gofpel
church below and the heavenly Jerufalem above; Pfal. cxxv. 2;
cxxii. 2 — 9;lxxvi.2; andxlviii. 1 — 4; Jolh. xv. 63. (4) Mount
Zion, in its beautiful Situation ; its extenfive and pleafant pro-
fpeit; its unfhaken Stability ; its joyous dwellings; its protection
by, anJ dearnefs to, God, as the peculiar refidence of himfelf and
his chofen kings of David's family; was alfo an emblem of our
fixed and glorious new covenant ftate, and a figure of the gofpel
church and of the heavenly glory; 2 Sam. v. PSil. xlviii, 2 — 4;
Ixxvi. r; Ixxii. 68, 69 ; and cxxv. 1 . (5) The tabernacle, ap
pointed for God's peculiar refidence, was thus formed : a court

61 yards long, and about half as much in breadth, was enclofcd by
a linen hanging, perhaps of net work, about nine feet in height,
fufpended by filver hooks on fifty-fix brazen pillars, fixed at bot
tom in large Sockets of the fame metal. The fole entrance from
the eaft was twelve yards wide, but hung over with a Sine vail of
embroidered linen fufpended on four pillars : here, under the Sky,
Stood the brazen altar and laver, at a Small distance fiom the en
trance of the fanctuary : hither every clean Hebrew, or profelyte,
might come with his oblations. At the weft end of this court
flood the tabernacle, which was a clofe tent in form of a houfe,
Handing from eaft to weft : its length was about 54.5 feet, its
breadth 185, and its height as much: jt was erected by fortv-eight
ftrong boards of fhittim wood, overlaid with gold, fixed at bottom
in ninety-fix large Sockets of filver, and bound together by five
crofs bars of fhittim wood overlaid with gold ; over thefe was
fpread a fourfold covering, of embroidered linen, of hair cloth, of
ftrong leather, and of rams' Skins died red, all properly connected
by clafps or buttons. Its whole eaft end ferved for an entrance,
and was hung with a vail of embroidered linen, fufpended by gol
den hooks on five pillars of fhittim wood overlaid with gold.
This tent was divided into two apartments : the firft, called the
faniluary or holy place, was in length 36^ feet, and in breadth or
height half as much. Into this only the clean priefts might enter;
and in the weft or inner end of it flood the golden candleftick,
altar of incenfe, and table of fhew-bread. Beyond, and feparated
from this by another vail of embroidered linen, fufpended on four
pillars of fhittim wood overlaid with gold, and fixed in fockets of
filver, was the oracle or most holy place ; a fquare room of
18 j feet, into which only the high prieft might enter on the day
of expiation ; and where the ark, with its furniture, and the cloud
of glory overfhadowing it, had their refidence. The tabernacle
was folemnly confecrated at its erection, and every year was fanti-
fied a-new on the day of expiation. After it had been long car
ried from place to place, all that was important of it was lodged in
Solomon's temple. It reprefented Jefus Chrift, the free, but alto
gether pure and precious, gift of God, in his marvellous form, but
much unfeen excellencies ; in the order and connection of his offi
ces, Slates, and every thing elfe ; as having in himfelf all fulnefs of
atoning, purifying, enlightening, interceding, nourishing, law-
magnifying, virtue; as well-pleaiing to God; and as being the fole
Mediator, in whom God and his people have fellowftiip one with
another. It alfo reprefented the church in her divine plan, her
pure and precious materials, connected by the wifdom of God ; in
her different States, filled with all the fulnefs of Chrift, confecrated
by his blood and Spirit, and formed for his fervice; and, at laft, in
all her true members and important concerns, fixed in the heavenly
temple; Exod. xxv — xxvii. xxx. 26 — 29; xxxvi — xl. Num.
iii. iv. Jofh. xviii. 1. (6) The temple Stood on mount Moriah,
towards the fouth-eaft of Jerufalem, in a large court, furrounded
by a high wall, and divided into two 'parts; the inner for the
priefts and Levites, and the outer for the clean. Ifraelites. Its
plan was divine, and the preparations for it were immenfe. It was
a very magnificent Structure. The wall of it confifted of alternate
rows of cedar wood and hewn Stone, probably polished marble.
The whole infide, floor, walls, and roof, was overlaid with gold,
and curioufly marked with figures of cherubims and palm trees.
On the outfide of the wall were reared, in three Stories, ninety
chambers for accommodating the attending priefts. Juft before
the entrance, or eaft end, Stood the brazen altar, 36 feet fquare,
and 18 feet high, with a large brazen fea, and ten lavers, for wafh-
ing the priefts and Sacrifices. The entrance was a porch of 36
feet from north to fouth, 18 from eaft to weft, and 219 high, in
the form of a Steeple.- On each fide of the porch was a magnifi
cent pillar, almoft 33 feet high, and curioufly adorned with chapi
ters and figured pomegranates. Beyond this porch was the fanc
tuary, an apartment of 73 feet in length, 36 i in breadth, and

What was prefigured by

INTRODUCTION.

the typical utenfils.

54^ in height. Here, at the weft end, ftood ten, if not eleven,
golden candlefticks, each with feven branches ; as many tables of
fhew-bread, with twelve loaves on each ; and a large altar of in-
cenfe between the two rows of candlefticks and tables. To the
weftward of this apartment, and Separated from it by a fine parti
tion and vail, was the Holy of Holies, a fquare room of 36-J
feet in length and breadth, and 54-J in height. Here, amidft
thick darknefs, ftood the ark with its furniture; to which Solomon
added two new cherubims of olive tree, the wings of which
flretched the whole breadth of the houfe over it. It alfo was
Solemnly dedicated' by facrifices and prayer; and was annually pu
rified on the great day of expiation. It prefigured Jefus Chrift
and his church in their more glorious and exalted ftate. It typi
fied his manhood, as the divinely planned, curious, pure, and glo
rious, refidence of his Godhead; — typified his perfon, as the glo
rious, fixed, and lafting, means of our fellowship with God ; —
typified the church, as formed by manifold oracles, ordinances,
and members, to be the refidence of Father, Son, and holy Ghoft;
—and typified heaven itfelf, in its glorious fulnefs of redemption,
and as the honoured manfion of complete and immediate fellow
ship with God': — and it was an emblem of every particular faint,
whofe Soul and body are, by JeSus, built up and confecrated as
temples to God; 1 Chron. xxii — xxvi. and xxix. 1 — 9; 1 Kings
vi — viii. 2 Chron. iii- — vi.
VI. The typical or sacred utensils were, (1) the ark.
It was a cheft made of fhittim wood, very fine, and almoft incor
ruptible, overlaid with gold ; 4 feet 7 inches in length, 2 feet
9 inches in breadth, and as much in height. At the top it had a
golden cornice round about its lid, called the mercy feat, becaufe
the fymbol of the divine pretence refted on it, which was of pure
gold. Out of the ends of this lid were hammered two golden che
rubims, which, with their expanded wings, covered the whole
mercy feat, while they feemed to pore upon it. Within this ark
were repofited the two tables of the moral law ; and in fome
ether place of it the golden pot full of manna, Aaron's budding
rod, and a copy of Mofes' law. Being confecrated by an unc
tion of blood and oil, it ordinarily Stood- on the floor at the
very weft end of the Holy of Holies. But in the wildernefs,
and even afterwards, it was, when neceffary, carried about by
means of Slaves fixed in its golden rings. None but priefts might
fee it, under pain of death. By means of it the Ifraelites' paffage
through Jordan was opened, the lofty walls of Jericho were
brought down, the Philistines and their idol were plagued, the
curious Bethfhemites were Slain, and the family of Obed-edom
were bleSTed. It reprefented Jefus Chrift God-man, to the afto-
nifhment of angels and men, fulfilling all righteoufnefs, glorifying
and delighting his Father to the higheft, and containing in him
every memorial of Jehovah's kindnefs; every thing neceffary for
the inftrution, confirmation, and nourishment, of his people; and
Who, being confecrated to his work, and carried about in the gofpel,
directs their journies, bleffes thofe who Sincerely receive him, over
comes their enemies, opens their paflage into their promifed reft,
and punifhes fuch as profanely abufe him; Exod. xxv. 10 — 22;
xxxvii. 1 — 9; xl. 9, 35 ; and xvi. 33, 34; Num. xvii. 10; Deut.
X. 3 — 5; Lev. xvi. 2; Jofh. iii. n — 17; andvi. 14 — 20 ;
I Sam. v. and vi. 19; 2 Sam. vi. u ; 1 Kings viii. 4 — 12.
(2' The table of shew-bread was formed of fhittim wood
overlaid with gold. It -was 3 feet 8 inches in length, half as much
in breadth, and 2 feet 9 inches in height ; and had at top a double
cornice of gold, to preferve the loaves from falling off. When
neceffary, it was carried by Staves of fhittim wood fixed in rings of
gold. It had the fame form of confecration as the ark. It Stood
in thes north- weft corner of the fanctuary. Upon it ftood, in two
rows, twefee loaves of fhew-bread, one for each Hebrew tribe,
vith fome frankincenfe on them. The old ones were removed
every fabbath, and given to the priefts for food, and new ones put

in their place. Solomon made ten new golden tables ; five of which
were placed on each fide of the golden altar, on each of which
were placed twelve loaves. This table and its furniture prefigured
Jefus Chrift prefenting all his chofen tribes, in every generation,
before God in his interceffion ; or the gofpel, as prefenting him
and his fulnefs to his people, chiefly on the weekly fabbath ; Exod.
xxv. 23—30; xxix. 31 ; xxx. 27; xxxvii. 10 — 16; and xl. 22 i
Heb. ix. 2, 21; Lev. xxiv. 5 — 9; and viii. 31 ; Matt. xii. 4;
2 Chron. iv. 8 ; 1 Kings vii. 45. (3) The altar of incense,
fo called, becaufe frankincenfe was daily burnt thereon while the
burnt-offerings were confumed by facred fire on the brazen altar,
was formed of fhittim wood overlaid with gold. It was four-
fquare, almoft 22 inches in length and breadth, and twice as much
in height. Whether its top was a golden grate I know not : it is
certain it was furrounded with a golden cornice, which prevented
the falling of any incenfe from it. It had fpires or- horns at the
four corners of it; and was portable by Staves of fhittim wood
fixed in its golden rings. It was confecrated by an unction' of
blood and oil ; and had its horns annually tipt with the blood of
the general expiation. Solomon feems to have made a new one
of cedar wood, perhaps larger than that of Mofes. It ftood in the
middle at the weft end of the fanctuary, over againft the mercy
feat. It reprefented Jefus Chrift appearing before God in our
nature in his interceffion, and prefenting our Services to him;
Exod. xxx. 1 — 10,27,34 — 38; and xxxvii. 2-5 — 29; 1 Kings
vi. 20; Rev. viii. 3, 4. (4) The golden candlestick con-
Sifted of almoft 1 14 pounds weight of gold, beaten out into feven
branches, adorned with knops and flowers. It ftood on the fouth
fide of the golden altar ; and, being daily fupplied with facred oil,
and its lamps lighted and trimmed by the priefts, was the fole illu
minator of the Sanctuary. Solomon made ten golden candlefticks,
and placed five of them'on each fide of the fanctuary. It repre
fented Jefus Chrift, who hath the feven fpirits of God, as the fole
enlightener of his church ; and his church as the enlightener of
this dark world ; Exod. xxv. 31 — 40; and xl. 22 — 25; Lev. xxiv.
1 — 4; Num. viii. 1 — 4; 1 Sam. iii. 3; 1 Kings vii. 49; 2 Chron.
w' !• (5) The brazen laver was a large veffel, holding wa
ter for the priefts to wafh their hands or feet, or the facrificeSj
while they were occupied in their work at the tabernacle or temple.
It ftood near to the entrance of the fanctuary. Solomon formed
ten new lavers, each capable of containing about 307 gallons, five
pints Englifh wine meafure ; five of which he placed on each fide
of the entrance to the fanctuary upon bates of curious workman-
fhip. He alfo formed a ftill larger veffel, called the brazen seaj
which upon occafion could hold 23,029 gallons five pints, which he
placed upon 12 brazen oxen, three looking towards each quarter*
This reprefented Jefus Chrift as the fountain opened for the puri
fication of his people, exhibited in the gofpel by the twelve patient,
pure, and laborious, apoftles, and other minifters ; Exod. xxx,
17 — 21 ; and xxxviii. 8 ; Lev. viii. 10, 11; Heb. ix. 21 ; 1 Kings
vii. 23 — 40; 2 Chron. iv. 2 — 6, 14, 15. (6) The altar, upon
which the Lord's part of the facrifices and meat-offerings was
burnt. — Before the flood we read of no- altars at all. Before the
erection of the tabernacle the altars appear to have been formed of
earth, or unhewn Stones ; and fuch were afterwards ufed on fome
particular occafions. They repreSented JeSus in his debated ftate,
but capable of enduring the flames of his Father's wrath. — That
which Mofes formed confifted of fhittim wood overlaid with brafs.
It was about 9 feet fquare, and 5 * feet high. Its top was a brazen
grate, through which the afhes of the oblation fell into a pan be
low. At each corner it had a brazen fpire, or horn, which pro
tected man-flayers. It was carried about, when neceffary, on
Staves of fhittim wood overlaid with brafs. The new altar, w hich
Solomon built for the temple, was 36^ fquare, and its height 185
feet. It had an eafy accefs on the eaft fide. After the captivity,
a large pile of Stones appears to have fupplied the place of it. This
c

Wloat was prefigured by the

INTRODUCTION, facrifices and other typical oblations.

altar was confecrated by an unction of blood and oil. It repre
fented Jefus Chrift, in his debated ftate, as our infinitely valuable
Mediator, all-fufficient atonement, and never-failing refuge from
God's wrath ; — through whom we have accefs to, and nourish
ment from, God ; and our perfons and fervices are rendered ac
ceptable in his fight; Exod. xxvii. I — 9; xxix. 36, 37 ; and
xxxviii. 1 — 7 ; 2 Chron. iv. 1 ; 1 Kings vii. 50 ; Ezra iii. 3 ;
with Gen. viii. 20 ; xii. 7 ; and xxxv. 1,3; Exod. xx. 24, 25 ;
Num. xix. 3; Deut. xxi. 4; Jofh. viii. 30 — 35; Judg. vi. 24;
1 Sam. vii. 6; 2 Sam. xxiv. 25 ; 1 Kings viii. 63, 64; and xviii.
3°j 32> (7) F°r calling together the Hebrew affemblies, Sor an
nouncing their journies in the wilderneSs, for encouraging them
in their battles, for proclaiming their feftivals, or for triumphing
on them by a folemn found over the facrifices, Mofes made two
silver trumpets for the priefts. Solomon increafed the num
ber to 120. Thefe reprefented the gofpel, by the preaching of
which finners are gathered to JeSus, animated to theirSpiritual pilgri
mage, encouraged in their Chriftian warfare, and have their liber
ties and fpiritual feafts announced : — and of which the great Subject
is Chrift and him crucified; Num. x. 1 — 10; 2 Chron. v. 12;
PSal. Ixxxi. 1, 2; and lxxxix. 15. (8) The Standards of
weight and meafure, kept in the fantuary, might repreSent
Christ's word and his perfect pattern; Ezek. xiv. 9 — 12; Exod.
xxx. 13.
VII. Typical oblations. Immediately after the fall God
' appears to have instituted facrifices. With the Skins of Sacrificed
animals our firft parents were clothed by him; Gen. x. iii. 21.
Abel's offering of afheep, Noah's oblations of animals and fowls,
Abraham's oblation of a ram inftead of Ifaac ; Gen. iv. 4 ; viii.
20 ; and xxii. 13: Job's offerings for his children, and his friends'
oblation for themfelves ; Job i. 5; and xiii. 8: are the moft noted
facrifices we read of during the firft 2513 years of the world.
Never, till in the federal transaction between God and Ifrael ;
Exod. xxiv. do we read of any facrifices befides burnt-offerings.
(1) God having fepafated the Hebrews for a people to himfelf,
exceedingly extended, and exprefsly inculcated, the law of typical
oblations ; including sacrifices, in which there was a destruc
tion of the animal life to the honour of God ; and gifts, in which
no life was deftroyed ; as in meat-offerings, drink-offerings, foul
ranfom money, tithes, Sec. While thefe oblations were intended
as an acknowledgment that the Hebrews held all their property
from God, they were typical of Jefus Chrift, offered to God, and
ufeful to men; and generally reprefented the moral duties of mini
sters and people, the animals, as living, eatable, clean, tame,
focial, valuable, male, and in the prime of life, &c. and the fine
flower, marked out the neceffary excellency in Jefus Chrift and
his people, and their fervices. — The voluntary manner in which
they were offered reprefented the willing and cheerful obedience of
Chrift and his people, 'The prefentation thereof, at the door of the
tabernacle, imported dedication to God, and acceptablenefs, through
Chrift's perfon and mediation. The laying on of the offerer's hands
imported the transferring of guilt on the facrnce, and the devoting
it to God, The ftaughter of the animals reprefented the death of
Chrift, that the offerer ought thus to have Suffered, and our furrender
of our life to his fervice. The fprinkling of the blood roundabout the
altar, or towards the mercy feat, Sic. marked the divine virtue of
Chrift's blood to fatisfy an offended God and purify the whole
church. The wafhing of the facrifice, or any part of it, marked
the perfect purity of Chrift,— in which his people ought to imitate
him. The burning of the whole, or part of the oblation, repre
fented the fufferings of Chrift and his people. The holy fire de
noted the wrath of God preying upon Chrift, and holy love flam
ing in Chrift and in his people. The parting of the oblations be
tween God and the priefts, or, in fome cafes, alfo the people, im
ported that the obedience and fuffering of Chrift, and even of his
people, at once glorify God, and bring advantage to men..— *—

Thefe oblations were (1) Burnt-offerings, fo called, becaufe
the i\e(h was wholly burnt. Thefe were the moft dignified, as
well as the moft ancient and the moft frequent, being offered on
eight or nine Slated times, and as many particular occafions ; nay,
repeatedly offered every day. Except when poverty obliged a
man to offer birds, they were always to be of male cattle, fheep,
or kids. Being prefented at the door of the tabernacle, and by the
laying on of hands charged with the offender's guilt, they were
Slain ; and the flefh,' being rendered all pure, burnt on the altar;
the blood was fprinkled round about it ; and the Skin given to the
prieft. — A meat-offering and drink-offering always attended them.
— They reprefented Jefus Chrift, by the complete facrifice of him
felf, honouring all his Father's perfections, that his people might _
obtain fpiritual clothing, nourishment, and comfort; Lev. i. ii. 13;
vi. 8 — 13; vii. 8; and xxii. 19 — 27; Num. xv. 1 — 16; and
xxviii. xxix. (2) The sin and trespass-offerings were ne
ver merely voluntary. Their matter was regulated according to
the Station, crime, or ability, of the offerer. A bullock was of
fered for a prieft, or for the congregation, or for their rulers ; the
fat was burnt on the altar ; the reft of the animal burnt without
the camp; and the blood partly Sprinkl.d on the golden altar, or
towards the mercy feat; and the reft poured at the bottom of the
brazen altar. In other cafes, the prieft had the flefti for his Share,
and the blood, except of the expiation goat and lepers trefpafs-
offering, was fprinkled on the horns, and round about the bottom
of the brazen altar ; but a very poor man offered an omer of fine
flour, and a fufpected adulterefs an handful of barley meal, without
any frankincenfe.  They reprefented Jefus Chrift, divinely
charged with our fins, and dying in our Stead for the Satisfaction of
God's juftice, and for advancing his own and his people's happi
nefs ; Lev. iv. v. vi, 1 — 7, 24 — 30; vii. 1— 11 ; and xvi. Num.
xv. 22 — 31. (3) Peace-offerings thanked God for mercies
received, and obtained mercies defired, or paid vows. They
might be either of a male or female of the herd or flock, as the
offerer pleafed. The fat was burnt to the Lord; the right breaft
and Shoulder, cheeks and maw, belonged to the priefts ; and the
reft was returned to the offerer, to make a feaft thereof with his
friends ; which,, if a thank-offering, it behoved them to eat the
fame day ; and, in other cafes, on that and the next day. Thefe
offerings reprefented Jefus Chrift as purchafing for us everlafting
peace and profperity, to the honour of his Father, the joy of mi
nifters, and the fpeedy comfort of faved men; Lev. iii. and vii.
n — 21, 28, 34; Deut. xviii. 3. (4) The meat-offering3,
whether offered Separately by themfelves, or as appendages to
burnt-offerings, peace-offerings, trefpafs-offerings, or to the kid
and lamb fin-offerings, confiited of fine flour, frankincenfe, oil,
and fait. Whether they were baked or fried, or not, a part thereof
was burnt on the altar to the Lord, and the reft belonged to the
priefts. They reprefented Jefus Chrift, the moft excellent fruit
of the earth, prepared by dolorous fufferings to be the everlafting
joy of Jehovah, and delightful nourishment of his chofen people;
Lev. ii. vi. 14 — 23; and vii. 9, 10 ; Num. xv. 1 — 16; and
xviii. 9, 10. (5) The drink-offerings of wine were fcarcely
ever ufed alone, but attended the meat-offerings. Part of the
wine was poured out to the Lord on the altar, and the reft was
given to the priefts. — They reprefented that fulnefs of confolation
which flows from Jefus' offering of himfelf for us, and our feeding
on him by faith; Exod. xxix. 40; Num. xv. 1 — 16; and xxviii.
xxix. (6) The holy anointing oil was formed by pounding
together myrrh, cinnamon, caffia, calamus, and olive oil. By an
unction of it the priefts and holy utenfils were confecrated to their
facred work; and on nothing elfe might it be put, or any ointment
made like unto it, under pain of death. — It reprefented the Holy
Ghoft in his manifold precious virtues, by whom Jefus Chrift, his
minifters, people, and ordinances, are confecrated to, and fitted,
for, their respective ufes; Exod. xxx. 22 — 33. (7) The soul.

What tvas prefigured by the

INTRODUCTION.

typical feaf on s orfefiivals

ransom money, of which every man, poor or rich, was to give
half a Shekel when the congregation was numbered, if not once
every year, that there might be no plague among them, reprefented
Jefus Chrift as a ranfom, equally given for both poor and rich, to
prevent the infliction of God's wrath on his people; Exod. xxx.
ii — 16; and xxxviii. 25, 26. (8) The first-fruits of ani
mals, vegetables, dough, wool, &c. which were partly affigned to
the Lord, and partly to the priefts, reprefented Jefus Chrift as the
great honourer of God and the fanctifying Head of his people ;
and reprefented his people as the glory and prefervers of nations
and churches; Exod. xiii. 12 — 16; and xxii. 29, 30; Lev. xxii.
27; Num. xviii. 12 — 18; and xv. 17 — 21. (9) To comme
morate .the Ifraelites' living in the wildernefs on tenth deals of
manna, their limited meat-offerings were all proportioned by tenth
deals; Num. xv. 1 — 16. For the fame reafon the Share, which
the Lord demanded of their crop, was meafured by tenths or
tithes. One tenth of their whole income from their fields, &c.
was affigned to the Levites in general, who gave a tenth part
thereof to the priefts. A fecond tenth of their incomes was
appointed to be fpent in feafting the poor, &c. at the facred festi
vals. At leaft every third year, another tenth, or perhaps
the second tenth, was to be given to the Levites and the poor
at their homes. — TheSe tithes figured out Jefus Chrift as the
abundant provifion of his people ; and his people as the abundant
means of his Satisfaction and delight. They reprefented the duty
of our devoting a confiderable part of our incomes to the Lord,
and of maintaining his faithful minifters in a decent manner;
Num. xviii. 20— 32; Deut. xiv. 22 — 29. (10) Devoted things
or perfons, affigned to the Lord by voluntary vow, more or lefs
folemn. Nothing belonging to the Lord by an antecedent claim,
as firfl-fruits, tithes, &c. might be devoted. Nothing devoted
might be redeemed back, without paying a fifth part more than
the priefts' estimation of its worth. And nothing devoted under a
curfe could be redeemed at all. — Thefe gifts reprefented Jefus
Chrift and his faints, voluntarily, deliberately, and irrevocably, de
voted to the fervice of God ; Lev. xxvii.
The wave and heave-offerings were not different from
what we have mentioned, but were either lefs facred oblations, or
but a part of the more facred. Thus the right fhoulder and breaft,
fat, kidneys, &c. of the priefts' ram of confecration, with the
loaf, the cake of oiled bread, and wafer of unleavened bread, which
attended it; Exod. xxix. 22 — 26; Lev. viii. 25 — 29: the right
fhoulder and breaSt, and perhaps the fat, of all peace-offerings,
with the leavened loaf of the thank-offering; Lev. vii. 30 ; and x.
15 : the lepers' trefpafs-offering, with its attendant log of oil ;
Lev. xiv. 12, 24: the jealoufy-pffering; Num. v. 25 : the Sheaf
or omer of ripe ears at the feaSl of unleavened bread ; Lev. xxiii.
15: the two loaves at Pentecoft, and their attendant peace-offer
ing; Lev. xxiii. 19, 20: the firft of the dough; Num. xv. 19,
21: the tithes; Num. xviii. 24 — 30: the Lord's tribute of the
fpoil of Midian ; Num. xxxi. 29, 41 : were heaved up towards
heaven, or waved towards the four winds, irvacknowledgment of
their coming from God, and in token of devoting them to his fer
vice, who is the Moft High and every where prefent Jehovah.
More abundantly to reprefent JeSus Chrift in- his perSon, his
righteouSnefs, and the virtue of them, two or more of the Simple
facrifices were often joined together. Thu=, for the confecration
of the Levites, for the purification of a defiled Nazarite, for the
purification of a woman polluted by child-birth, for the purifica
tion of one cured of a running iffue, and for a congregational fin
of ignorance or bird expiation, a burnt- offering and a Sin-offering
were connected; Num. viii. 12; and vi. 11 ; Lev. v. 7 ; xii. 6,
8; and xv. 14, 30 ; Num. xv. 24. For the confecration of
priefts, a Sin-offering, burnt-offering, and ram of confecration ;
i. e, a kind of peace-offering; Exod. xxix. Lev. viii. ix. For a
Nazarite, after fjnifhing his vow, a fin-offering, burnt-offering,

and peace-offering ; Num. vi. 14. For the purification of a healed
leper, a bird-offering, a burnt-offering, a Sin-offering, and a tref
pafs-offering ; Lev. xiv. 6 — 20. For dedicating the Mofaic altar,
burnt -offerings, fin-offerings, peace-offerings, twelve days re
peated ; Num. vii. For dedicating Solomon's temple, large burnt-
offerings and peace-offerings ; 1 Kings viii. 63, 64. For dedi
cating Zerubbabel's temple, burnt-offerings, Sin-offerings, and
peace-offerings ; Ezra vi. 16. At Pentecoft, a burnt-offering,
fin-offering, and peace-offering; Num. xxviii. 26 — 31; Lev.
xxiii. 15 — 21. At the other monthly and annual festivals, a burnt-
offering and fin-offering; Lev. xxiii. Num. xxviii. xxix.
VIII. Typical or sacred seasons, (i) To be a conftant
mean of Ifrael's fellowfhip with God, and to reprefent Jefus Chrift
as predeftinated before the foundation of the world, and in thefe
laft times offered for zJl the elect, to be the conftant nourishment
of their fouls, and daily mean of their .accefs to God and familiar
intimacy with him — a lamb, bought with the public money, and
charged with the guilt of all the tribes, by the laying on of the
hands of the fationary men who reprefented them, was offered for
the nation every morning about nine o'clock, while the incenfe
was burnt on the golden altar and the people prayed in the court;
and another in the afternoon; with their refpective meat- offerings
and drink-offerings; Exod. xxix. 38 — 45; Lev. vi. 9, 12 ; Num.
xxviii. 1 — 8, &c. (2) To prefigure the evangelical and eeleftiai
reft, and more abundant manifestation of JeSus Chrift therein, not
only was every sabbath to be obferved as a day of reft from all
manner of work, and ufed in the exercifes of devotion, but thereon
the morning and evening facrifices were doubled ; Ezek. xxxi.
12 — 17; and xxxv. 2, 3; Num. xv. 32 — 35; and xxviii. 9, 10.
(3) To thank God for the merciful alterations of the moon, and
changing of the feafons ; to expiate the fins,, and make gratefal
acknowledgment of the mercies, of the finished month, and to
fupplicate the continuance of thefe favours ; and to reprefent the
renovation of all things to infinite advantage by Jefus' incarnation
and mediation, and the happy and extenfive difcovery and virtue
of himfelf and his work in the evangelical and eternal ftate ; the
day of the new moon's appearance was celebrated by absti
nence from the fervile labours of ploughing, fowing, &c.j and a
large burnt-offering of two bullocks, one ram, and feven lambs — .
and a fin-offeriri|!; of one kid was offered for the congregation j
over which facrifice the priefts blew with the Silver trumpets;
Amos viii. 5; 2 Kings iv. 22; Num. xxviii. 11 — 15; and x.
10; PSal. lxxxi. 1, 2. (4) To commemorate the Hebrews' de
liverance from Egypt ; to Seal the covenant of grace with the ge
nuine feed of Abraham ; to prefigure our redemption through the
Slaughter of Jefus Chrift, the Lamb of God, in the end of the
world, by the rulers and people of Judah at this very feafon of
the year ; and to reprefent our fafe and delightful feeding on him
by faith and with godly Sorrow; the- passover was yearly ob
ferved on the 14th day of that month, in which they came out of
Egypt; which, for commemoration of that deliverance, was ap
pointed to begin their facred year, and anfwered nearly to our
month of March. A male lamb or kid of a year old was taken,
Sacrificed, orat leaft Slain; its blood fprinkled on the door-polls
and upper lintel, as a means of prefervation from the angel who
deftroyed the firft-born of the Egyptians : and the flefh of it being
roafted, withdut breaking a bone thereof, was eaten that fame
night by about twelve or twenty in a company, with unleavened
bread, bitter herbs, and pious conference. Such as could not ob
ferve it that very day did it on that fame day in the following
month; Exod. xii. Lev. xxiii. 5; Jofh. v. 10; Deut. xvi, 1 — 7;
Num. xxviii. 16; and ix. 9 — 14; 2 Chron. xxx. 1 — 20; and
xxxv. 1 — 18. (5) To commemorate the Israelites' affliction and
coarfe fare in Egypt, and their fudden deliverance 'therefrom ; to
comrnemorate their feven days travels before they got through the
Red fea; to prefigure the low and afflicted, but devout, life of our
c 2

What was reprefented by typical INTRODUCTION.

Redeemer and of his faints on earth ; and to prefigure the fate of
his gofpel church ; the feast of unleavened bread was ob
served on the Seven days which followed the paffover ; on the firft
and laft of which no fervile ivork of ploughing, fowing, or the like,
was tranfadted. No bread, but unleavened, was eaten upon any of
the feven. On each of them two bullocks, one ram, and feven
lambs, were offered for a burnt-offering — and a kid for a fin-offer
ing for the congregation. The filver trumpets were blown over
the burnt-offering while it lay on the altar; Exod. xii. 17 — 20;
xiii. 4 — 10; xxiii. 14 — 17; and xxxiv. 18; Lev. xxiii. 6 — 8;
Deut. xvi. 8 ; Num. xxviii. 17 — 25. To Sanctify the approach
ing harveft, and prefigure the refurreition of Jefus Chrift, our
great facrifice, from the dead on that very day of the year, and
the effectual fpread of the gofpel which followed it, a pheaf of barley
was publicly reaped, threfhed, and winnowed : an rimer of the meal
or ears, being waved and heaved along with frankincenfe and oil,
part of it was burnt on the altar along with a lamb for burnt-
offering and part of its double meat-offering; Lev. xxiii. 9 — 14.
(6) To give thanks for their quiet poffeffion of Canaan, and for
the mercies of the finifhed harveft ; to commemorate the publica
tion of the law from mount Sinai ; to prefigure the effufion of the
Holy Ghoft after our Saviour's afcenfion, and the amazing fpread
and influence of the gofpel by means thereof; was the feftival of
penticost obferved; i.e. of the fiftieth day after the paffover,
about our Whitfuntide. No fervile. work was done thereon. Be
fides the ordinary feftival facrifice of two bullocks, two rams, and
feven lambs, for a burnt-offering, and a kid for a fin-offering,
another facrifice was offered of one bullock, two rams, and feven
lambs, for a burnt-offering, a kid for a fin-offering, and two
lambs for a peace-offering, — along with two leavened loaves, each
containing a tenth deaf of fine flour; as the firft- fruits of their
finished wheat harveft. In prefenting this oblation, they made a
folemn acknowledgment of the original meannefs of their nation,
and of God's gracious fulfilment of his promifes to them; Num.
Jcxviii. 26—^31; Lev. xxiii. 15 — 21; Deut. xvi. 9 — 12; and
xxvi. 1 — 11; Exod. xxiii. 14 — 17; and xxxiv. 22,23. (7) To
commemorate the creation of all things at this feafon ; to thank
God for the mercies of the finifhed civil year, and to obtain mer
cies for the year now commencing; to prepare the people for the
great day of atonement; and efpecially to prefigure the joyful and
efficacious fpread of the gofpel of our crucified Redeerrier ; was
the feast of trumpets obferved on the firft day of the firft
civil, but feventh facred, month. No fervile work was done
thereon. To the new moon offering above mentioned was added
another facrifice of one bullock, one ram, and feven lambs, for a
burnt-offering, and a kid for a fin-offering. The filver trumpets,
or others of rams' hofns, were blown over the burning facrifices
from morning till night; Numb. xxix. 1 — 6; and x. 10. (8) Per
haps to commemorate the fall of man on this day of the year ; or
to commemorate God's reconcilement to Ifrael after they had wor
shipped the golden calf or contem'ned Canaan; but chiefly for ex
piating the fins of the preceding year, and to prefigure Jefus' de
bated and laborious courfe of obedience and Suffering as the fole
(nean of atonement for a guilty world before God ; the annual
expiation was obferved on the 10th day of this month. No
manner of work was to be done thereon'more than on the fabbath.
All the Hebrews obferved it in folemn fafling and affiitlion of their
fouls. After the daily facrifice of a lamb for a burnt-offering, and
the feftival facrifice of one bullcck, one ram, feven lambs, for a
burnt-offering, and a kid for a fin-offering, were finilhed, the high
prieft, wafhed in water, and moftly dreficd in his plain garment',
performed the whole work of Sicrificing peculiar to that day. For
himfelf and his fellow priefts he offered a bullock for a fin-offering.
Having carried fome incenfe into the Holy of Holies, and kindled
it before, perhaps en the weft fide of, the ark, he carried in part
of the bullock's blood, and fprinkled it amidft the Smoke of the

feftivals and purifications.

incenSe, once towards the (op, and feven times towards the fore-
fide, of the ark. Of the two goats for a fin-offering for the whole
nation, one chofen by Tot was offered : part of its blood was car
ried into the moft holy place, and fprinkled once towards the top,
and feven times towards the front, of the mercy feat, to make atone
ment for the oracle and fanctuary, which was ceremonially pol
luted by the fins of the worfhippers who attended at ir. The reft
of the blood of the goat, mingled with part of the blood of the bul
lock, was fprinkled towards both Sides of the fanctuary. The
horns of the golden, and I fuppofe alfo of the brazen, altar were
tipt therewith feven times. The other goat, after being charged
with the guilt of the nation, confefled to God over his head, was
difmiiSed by a fit perfon into the wildernefs. Two rams, one for
the priefts, and another. for the people, were then offered for burnt-
offerings, along with the fat of the bullock and goat of the fin-
offerings ; the flefh of whith was burnt without the camp. The
high prieft then folemnly bleffed the people; Num. xxix. 7 — ii;
Lev. xxiii. 26 — 32; and xvi. (9) To commemorate the If
raelites' fafe dwelling in their tents for forty years in the Arabian
wildernefs ; to Shew their thankfulnefs to God for their happy en
joyment of their fruitful country; to prefigure Jefus' tabernacling
in our nature, and through his whole life folemnly offering up him
felf an infinitely valuable facrifice to God, to make reconciliation
for the Sins of his people; to prefigure the Slate of the gofpel
church, the abundant manifestation and virtue of a crucified Re
deemer therein, and the noted reft and joy of the apofiolic and mil
lennial periods; and to reprefent the believers' pilgrimage on
earth, and at laft happy entrance into heaven; was the feast of
tabernacles celebrated by all the Ifraelites, at the place where
God's tabernacle or temple ftood, on the 15th and feven following
days of the feventh facred and firft civil month. The firft and lait
days thereof were folemn convocations, on which no fervile work
was done : the people dwelt in booths formed of olive branches,
&c. and fin-offerings, and large, but constantly decreasing, burnt-
Sacrifices, were offered on each of the days for the Ifraeiitiih na
tion ; Lev. xxiii. 33 — 43; Deut. xvi. 13 — 15; and xxxi. id;
Neh. viii. 13 — 18; Num. xxix. 12 — 38. The law was read with
peculiar Solemnity at the Seaft of tabernacles, &c. and it was only
at this feast, the passover or feaft of unleavened bread, and
Pentecost, that all the males of Ifrael, capable of travelling, were
obliged to attend; Exod. xxiii. 14 — 17; and xxxiv. 22, 23;
Deut. xvi. 16. (io) For Securing folemn instruction to the
Hebrew nation ; for relief of the poor, efpecially fuch as were in
debt; and to mark Canaan the Lord's peculiar and rightful pro
perty ; to manifeft that not its fruitful foil, but God's providence,
was their fecurity for a fupply ; and to prefigure our fpiritual re
demption, liberty, and reft, through Jefus Chrift, particularly in
the New Teftament church and- heavenly ftate; the seventh
year, beginning with the feventh facred month, when the fields
were quite clear of their crop, was obferved as a fabbath. — The
fields lay uncultivated ; their Spontaneous growth was common
property, but chiefly belonged to the poor. And the debt which
one Ifraelite owed to another was foreborn, if not remitted. Lev.
xxv. 2 — 7; Deut. xv. 1 — 18; and xxxi. 10. (11) To keep the
property of their refpective Shares of Canaan fixed in the Hebrew
families, and to keep their genealogies clear till Chrift Should
come ; to prevent perpetual oppreffion, poverty, and bondage, or
even undue hastening to be rich ; but chiefly to prefigure our re
demption by Jefus Chrift in the evangelical and celeltial ftate of
the church ; that year, which, beginning on the 10th day of the
feventh facred month, i. e. the faft of expiation confifted partly of
the 49th, and partly of the 50th, year, was obferved as a jubilee
of reft. It wjs proclaimed by found of trumpet through the whole
country: perhaps moft of the inhabitants joined iii the folemn
found. The fields lay uncultivated. The Spontaneous growth
belonged chiefly to the poor. Every debt which one Ifraelite or

How Jewifh purifications

INTRODUCTION.

reprefented fpiritual cleanfing.

profelyte of the covenant owed to another was abfolutely and
finally remitted. Slaves and prifoners were fet free. Estates,
which had been fold, reverted to their original proprietors; and
hence the nearer to the approaching jubilee a fale took place, the
price of lands was fo much the lower ; Lev. xxv. 8 — 55.
IX. Typical purifications. If an Hebrew, under cere
monial uncleannefs, ate of the facred oblations ; if he ate any
bio ¦¦£, or any fat of facrificeable animals ; if he contemned the or
dinance of circumcifion, the paffover, or water of feparation ; or
if he were chargeable with mu:der, adultery, or any other pre-
fumptuous- fin ; no means of punficati in or of atonement were
left him. — An awSul hint to prefumptuous contemners of Jefus
Chrift, or his oracles and ordinances; that for them is referved
nothing but everlaft.ng deh Tuition from the pretence of the Lord,
and from the glory of his power; Num. xv. 30, 31; 1 Sam. iii.
14. But, (1 ) If a wife we e fefpeted of adultery, the cafe was
cleared by a fole.nn adjuration of her before God by the prieft;
¦a coarfe offering of barley-meal, to bring fin to remembrance;
and a drinking of noly water, impregnated with duft of the fanctu
-ary, and with ink which had marked the curfe due to adulter.-.
If She were guilty, this draught made hr tbi-h1 to rot and her belly
to fwell: if ihe were innocent, it rendered her he .Shy aid fruitful.
— •'in awul t ken of God's derenation of a>! drery, and every ap
proach thereto c ill-grounded fufpicion uier-.of ! and that, by the
effect of Jefus' efeath and word, and of afflictive providences oh
their hc.a.t:, the hypocrify or Sincerity of profe;ibr; is much tried
in ihis lifj; and tnat dreadful lhj.ll be the trial and puniihment of
hypocries at laft ; Num. v. (2) Not o dy was the geneial pol-
'luti..n of tne Hebrew nation, and of the tabernacle, tempt', and
ordinances, which they had infected, annually pureed by tieGR at
expiation already mentioiieJ; but when murder wa= committed,
and he murderer unknown, an unyoked heifer, brought by the
neareit magistrates, was Slain in a rout;h valley over running
water. The magistrate', waning th ir hands over the flam
heifer, folemnly protefled their innocence of the crime, and their
ignorance of the criminal ; and the priefts prefent fupplicated for-
givenefs. — A figure this of our redemption through the death of
Jefus Chrift, the Seed of the woman, in the rough valley of this
world, aid the influence of his pure and purifying Sptit a^ con
nected therewith; Deut. xxi (3) In defilement" contracted
from holy things, the high prieft, who offered the goat oS the
great annual expiation, and fprinkled its blood ; he who
led the fcape goat into the wildernefs; or who burnt the flefh of fin-
offerings for priefts or the congregation ; was purified by aflmple
wafhing in water; Lev. iv. and xvi. 24—28. The brazen pot,
in which the fleSh of other fin-offerings was boiled, was purified by
wafhing and riniing; but, if it were an earthen veffel, it could not
he cleanfed at all; Lev. vi. 28. The prie.t, who killed the red
heifer; and he who caff the cedar wood, hyffbp, and fcarlet wool,
into the fire, with her flefh ; he that burnt her flefh ; he that car
ried her afhes, and laid them up in a clean place; he who fprink
led the water of feparation, or even touched it; had to wafh him
felf or clothes, if not both, and remain unclean until the even ;
Num. xix. 7, 8, 10, 21, 22. (4) In defilement contracted
from unclean animals,, which were emblems of wicked per-
fonc, he who touched their carc;:fe was unclean until the even ; and
he who bore their carcaf , or ate thereof, had to wa h his clothes and
remain unclean until the even; Lev. xi. Deut. xiv. (5)Whilecir-
cumcifiOn ceremonially purged the original defilement of the child;
Gen. xvii. 9—14; Join. v. 2 — 8; the defilement contracted
by the mother in child-birth, after remaining therein for a
time, and twice as long in the cafe of a female child as in that of
a male, was removed by a burnt-offering and a fin-offering ; Lev,
xii. (6) In purging the defilement contracted by leprosy,
which required fo much circumfpection in the prieifs' judging of
7

it, and which reprefented finful corruption reigning or -raging in
perfons, families, or nations, the leper was feven times fprinkled
with a mixture of water and of the blood of the flain bird : he
Shaved oft' all the hair of his fleSh, and wafhed his body and clothes ;
and, though admitted to the camp, was for feven days restrained
from entering his own houfe : on the feventh day he again Shaved off
all the hair on his flefh, andwaShed his body and clothes : on the
eighth day he offered a trefpafs-offering, a fin-offering, a burnt-
offering, and a log of oil. The prieft touched the extremities of
the leper's body with part of the blood of the trefpafs-offering.
After fprinkling part of the oil feven times towards the tabernacle,
he, in like manner, touched the extremities of the body of the
healed leper therewith, and poured another part of it on his head.
Thus his purification not a little refembled the confecration of the
high prieft. — The leprous houfe was purified by a fevenfold fprink
ling of birds' blood mingled with running water; Lev. xiii. xiv.
And, if a man had but a fcab fufpected for a leprofy, he had to
waih his clothes; Lev. xiii. 6. (7) In defilement contracted
from running issues, which reprefented the fcandalous erup
tions of indwelling lufts, which are extremely infectious, the perfon,
when healed, continued feven days in his purification; he wafhed
his body and cfethes in running water ; and on the eighth offered two
turtle doves or two young pigeons, the one for a fin-offering and
.he other for a burnt-offering. He, who touched the flefh or the
bed of trie perfon who had the iffue, or had fat on his feat, or been
fpit upon by him, had to wafti his body and clothes, and remain
unclean until the even. He, who but touched whit had been under
the unclean perfon, had to remain unclean until the even, if not alfo
to bithe himfelf and wafh his clothes. The veffel of earth, which
nad been t.-u:hed by the U'sclean perfon, was to be broken, and
that of wood to be rinfed in water ; Lev. xv. (8) To purge
out the Die-FiLi M'-nt contrated from dead bodies, which re
prefented a heart dead in fin and a fallen covenant head, a red un
yoked heifer was to be flain without the camp, even for the next in
dignity to the high prieft. Her blood was feven times fprinkled
towards the tabeniacle. Her fleSh, and the reft other blood, and
even her excrement-., were burnt, together with cedar wood,
hyiFop, and fcarlet wool ; and the aShes were laid up in a clean
place without the camp. Of thefe afhes, mingled with running
water, the water of purification was formed. He who touched a
dead body, or any part of it, or a grave, remained feven days in
his uncleannefs. He was to be fprinkled with the water of puri
fication on the third and feventh day, by a clean perfon, with a
bunch of hyflbp: on the feventh day he had to waih himfelf and
his clothes. The houfe or tent in which a perfon had died, and
all the veffels in it, remained unclean feven days, and were purged
by the fprinkled water of purification : and even he, who touched
any thing which the unclean perfon had touched, was rendered
unclean until the even ; Num. xix. Thefe purifications repre
fented our fpiritual cieanfin j from the Sin of our holy exercifes ;•—
the fin of our fellowship with wicked men ; — the fin of c.tr origi
nal corruption, or natural actions ;— the fin of our indwelling
lufts, or infectious outbreakings ; — by the facrifice, blood, and
Spirit, of Jefus Chrift, the Lamb of God, and Seed of the woman,
continually applied to our confeience, heart, and practice, while
we live in this world.

CHAP.

IV.

A fort view of the Geography and History of nations',
necefavy .for the right underfanding of the hijlorical, end
efpecially the prophetical, parts of fcriptures; the ccrrejpo.J-

Scripture hiftory of Noah'' s

INTRODUCTION.

family and the Canaanites.

ent texts of which are, all along, generally quoted, and 1
ought to be carefully compared.
Chaldea and Canaan are the countries on eirth, the Situa
tions of which claim our particular regard; and to thefe the refpec-
trve bearings of other countries hath fomewhat peculiarly import
ant. Chaldea was Situated moftly to the weft ward of the river
Euphrates, between the 31ft and 35th degree of north latitude,
and in the 45th, 46th, 47th, 48th, and 49th, of eaft longitude,
from London. It had Northern Arabia on the weft, Perfia on
the eaft, Affyria on the north eaft, and Mefopotamia on the north-
weft. Through thefe territories ran fouth-eaStward into the Perfian
gulf the famed rivers of Euphrates and Hiddekel, or Tigris. Here,
about the 32d degree of north latitude, God created man, and
planted the garden of Eden, upon the banks of the united Stream
of the rivers juft mentioned ; and which, a little below, was di
vided into the two rivers of Pifon on the weft and Gihon on the
eaft; Gen. ii. 8 — 14; 2 Kings xix. 12, 13; Ezek. xxvii. 21.
The fpot was not only extremely delightful in itfelf, but adapted
for the fpread of mankind from thence into the reft of the world.
From the wood of which Noah built his ark, one is tempted to
think that it was formed in this country. Not long after the flood
we find the bulk of mankind in the plain of Shinar, and building
the tower of Babylon ; which could fcarcely be 1 50 miles to the
north- weftward of Eden ; Gen. xi. 1 — 9. Here Nimrod erected
the firft kingdom that we know of on earth. Not long after,
Afhur, a defcendant of Shem, erected another at Nineveh, about
150 miles to the north-eaft, on the river Hiddekel; Gen. x. 9
— 12.
From Babel, the pofterity of Noah gradually difperfed them
felves into the different quarters of the world. The defcendants of
Japheth, who became by far the moft numerous, removed
northward, and peopled the northern half of Afia. Thence the,
defcendants of Javan and Gomer moved to the north-weft, and
peopled Europe. No doubt the defcendants of Magog, or others,
moved from Eaftern Tartary into America, and peopled a great
part of that country. The poflerity of Shem peopled the fouthern
part of Alia, AfTyria, Mefopotamia, Syria, Arabia, Chaldea, Per
fia, Judea; and perhaps China. But, in later times, by the inva
sions of the Greeks, Romans, Tartars, and Turks, and by the
European fettlements in the Eaft Indies, moft of what once per
tained to the defcendants of Shem is now Subjected to thofe of
Japheth. Of the poflerity of Ham, the Canaanites took up their
dwelling in that pleafant country which hath been fince called by
their name, and which God had marked out for the refidence of
his peculiar people. It lies in the 32d, 33d, and 34th, degrees of
north latitude, and the 36th and 37th of eaft longitude, from Lon
don, about four hundred miles weftward of Babylon. It has Ara
bia on the eaft and fouth ; Egypt on the fouth-weft ; the Mediter
ranean fea on the weft ; Mount Lebanon and Syria on the north ;
and Shall hereafter be more particularly defcribed. The reft of
Ham's offspring, after part of them had continued for fome gene
rations in Afia, removed fouth-weftward to Africa, and peopled
it. No doubt fome of them fronvthence, by means of tempefts,
or otherwife, croffed the ocean into South America and the islands
adjacent. Distinguished estrangement from the knowledge of the
true God, miferable bondage to Satan and to their fellows of
mankind, have in every age been the general characteristics of the
defcendants of Ham, -particularly of thofe by Canaan. Never,
that we know of, did they form themfelves into any extenfive and
Sailing empire. Never, except for a Short time, and in a very
restricted extent, have they been able to rule over, the defcendants
of Shem or Japheth ; Gen. x. and ix.- 25 — 27. But a more par
ticular account of thefe defcendants of Noah, mentioned in Scrip-
tare, is neceffary.

I. Not long after God had fruftrated the attempt of mankind at
Babel, and confounded their language, the Canaanites, de-
fcended from Ham's youngeft fon, in feven principal nations of
Amorites, Hittites, Jebufites, Girgafhites, Perizzites, Hivites,
&c. took poffeffion of Canaan, and formed themfelves into
almoft as many kingdoms as they had cities; Gen. x. 15 — 19;
xii. 6 ; xiii. 7; xiv. 2, 5 — 7; and xv. 19— 21 ; Exod. iii. 8;
and xxiii. 23 ; Jofh. xii. Judg. i. 7. Notwithstanding all that Mel-
chizedek, one of their kings, could do to reform them, they quickly
became monflers in wickednefs : and God punifhed them with
terrible ravage and reduction by Chedorlaomer, king of Elam ;
Gen. xiii. 13; xiv. and ix. 25, 26. About Sixteen years after,
A.M. 2107, their kingdoms of Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and
Zeboiim, were, for their unnatural lewdnefs, confumed with fiie •
and brimftone from heaven ; and the country turned into a dead
and poifonous lake, into which the river Jordan hath fince run,
without any vifible outlet; Gen. xviii. xix. Job xviii. 11 — .
21; If. i. 9, 10; and xiii. 19; Ezek. xvi. 49, 50; Amos iv.
1 1 ; Zeph. ii. 9 ; 2 Pet. ii. 6 ; Jude 7. The reft of the Canaan
ites were reprieved about 440 years longer, till God had prepared
the Hebrew nation to take poffeffion of their country; Gen. xv.
16. And, for fome time before the Hebrews invaded Canaan,
God had weakened the natives, by peftilence, fwarms of infects,
civil wars, and the like; Exod. xxiii. 28; Deut. vii. 20; Jofh.'
xxiv. 12; Num. xiii. 32; Judg. i. 7. Within about feven years,
MoS'es conquered two powerful kingdoms on the eaft, and Jofhua
thirty-one leffer kingdoms on the weft, of Jordan ; and gave their
land to the Ifraelites; Gen. xv. 18— 21; Exod. iii. 8; xxiii. 23;
and xxxiv. n ; Num. xxi. 21 — 35; and xxxii. xxxiv. Deut. ii.
26 — 37; and iii. 1 — 20 ; Jofh. vi — xxi. Such Canaanites as
were left in the land (many of them being made tributaries), having
feduced the Ifraelites into a compliance with their idolatries, re
tained or recovered a considerable part of the ftrongeft places of the
country. They even formed themfelves into a mighty kingdom
in Weitern Galilee; which, governed by Jabin, did for twenty
years terribly opprefs the Ifraelites. But their army was defeated,
and, it is probable, their empire unhinged, by Barak ; Pfal. cvi.
34 — 40 ; Ezra ix. 11,12; Deut. vii. Num. xxxiii. 55, 56 ; Jofh.
xxiii. 11 — 16 ; Judg. i — iv. Such as ftill remained, we may
fuppofe, aSlifted the Midianites, and efpecially the Philiflines, to
opprefs the Ifraelites; Judg. vi. x. xiii. 1 Sam. iv. xiii. xxxi.
But king David and Solomon reduced them all as Slaves to their
people. The latter employed 153,000 of them in the moft fervile
parts of his work, in building his temple, palace, &c; 2 Sam. v. 6
—9; 1 Chron. xi. 4 — 8; 1 Kings v. 15, 16; and ix. 20, 21 ;
2 Chron. ii. 17, 18; and viii. 7, 8; Gen. ix. 25, 26. While part
of the Canaanites continued among the Ifraelites till after their
captivity, tempting them to idolatry, others joined their Gibeonite
brethren, dedicating themfelves to the fervile work of God's tem
ple, under the name of Nethinims ; Ezra ix. x. Neh. xiii. Ezra
»'• 55> 5§; Neh. ii. 3; 1 Chron. ix. 2.
Such Canaanites as had formed themfelves into the kingdoms of
Zidon and Tyre, on the north-weft of Canaan, not only efcaped
the fword of the Jewifh conquerors, but, for many ages, carried on
a moft flourishing trade, efpecially by fea. Scarcely was there a
coaft or ifle, adapted to trade, in the Mediterranean, to which
they did no.t fend forth their colonies. No doubt, multitudes, who'
fled from .the fword of Jofhua, Barak, or David, took refuge
among them, while others retired to Greece, North of Africa,
&c. and there-formed themfelves into powerful States. The Ty-
rians entered into a brotherly covenant of friendship with the Is
raelites, under David and Solomon; 2 Sam. v. 1 Kings v. ix.
Amos i. 9. But this they groSsly violated in joining the grand
alliance againft Jehofhaphat; Ptal. lxxxiii. 7; and in delivering
up Jewifh refugees to the Edomites in the days of Jehoram and

Scripture hijlory of the

INTRODUCTION.

Phenicictns and Philtftines.

Ahaz, or in felling them to the Grecians for Slaves; Joel iii. 4 — 6;
Amos i. 9.  To puniSh this, and their other abounding impie
ties, Shalmanefer, king of Affyria, about A. M. 3282, ravaged
their country, took multitudes prifoners, and ibid them- to the
Arabs for Slaves ; ID xxiii. Amos i. 9, 10; Joel iii. 4 — 8. But
the Tyrians, having defeated his fleet, obliged his troops, who
had befieged their capital Sor five years, to retire. They then
pufhed their traffic with more affiduity and vigour than ever.
There was fcarcely a nation in the weft of Afia, north of Africa,
or fouth of Europe, with which they had not fome trading. The
whole Strength of Phenicia was employed in their fleets and ar
mies; If. xxiii. 17. Ezek. xxvii. — Provoked with their attempts
to affift Zedekiah, king ofjudah, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Baby
lon, after he had facked Jerufalem, A. M. 3416, marched his
troops into Phenicia; and, -marking his motions with terrible ra
vage and bloodshed, multitudes were flain, or taken prifoners and
fold for flaves. The merchants fled away to Cilicia, Spain, Car
thage, &c. By fire and fword he rendered their once glorious
country almoft utterly defolate. Ethbaal, their haughty monarch,
was ignominioufly flain. And, after a fiege of thirteen years,
Tyre was taken, A.M. 3432; but the inhabitants had removed
themfelves, and their valuable effects, to a neighbouring ifland
about feventy paces from the Shore. Difappointed of the rich
booty which they expected, as the reward of their inexpreffible fa
tigues, the Chaldeans raged like infernal fpirits; abufing and mur
dering the few weak or Sickly Tyrians whom they could find ;
burning the city, and hurling the afhes thereof into the fea. That
Nebuchadnezzar in his fury purfued the fugitive Tyrians into the
north of Africa, the Mediterranean ifles, or fouth-weft of Spain,
as fome writers pretend, is fcarcely probable. It is more likely
that thofe in the ifland pacified his rage by a partial fubmiffion.
But, to the inexpreffible grief and vexation of not only the Pheni-
cians themfelves, but of the merchants who traded with them,
much of the Tyrian wealth was loft in the fea, or otherwife cje-
ftroyed ; and never, while the Chaldean monarchy continued, did
they recover their power or traffic; Joel iii.- 4 — 8; Amos i. 9,
10; If. xxiii. Jer. xxv. 9, 22; xxvii. 3 — 8; and xlvii. 4; Ezek.
xxvi — xxviii.
But, juft feventy years after the Chaldeans had deftroyed their
city on the continent, inftead of which they had built one upon
the ifland, we find the Tyrians affifting Darius Hyftafpis, king of
Perfia, againft the Ionian rebels of Leffer Afia, A. M. 3502.
They alfo aided Xerxes, his fan, in his mad invafion of Greece.
Having" fortified their new city, and recovered their enriching
trade, they and their fellow Phenicians, in conjunction with the
Egyptians, attempted to free themfelves from the Perfian yoke.
About A. M. 3653, Artaxerxes Ochus ravaged their country in
his inhuman manner. The Zidonians, finding themfelves be
trayed in the fiege by Tennes their king, and Mentor his Grecian
general, fet fire to their city, and perilhed in the flames, to the
number of 40,000. The reft of the Phenicians fubmitted, and
had their Slavery increafed. Much about the fame time , the flaves
murdered almoft all their matters at Tyre. Highly provoked with
their refuting to admit him into their city, that he might facrifice
to their pi incipal idol, Alexander the Great, about A. M. 3672,
laid fiege to Tyre; and, with infinite labour and expenfe, took it
by Slonn, after a fiege of Seven months. About 15,000 of the
inhabitants had fled off in the Zidonian Ships : and many of their
wives and children had been tranfported to Carthage when the
fiege began. OS the men who remained, Alexander put 8000 to
the Sword, crucified 2000 of the principal, and fold 30,000 to the
Jews, Arabs, and others, for Slaves; Gen. ix. 25, 27; Pfal.
IxxXiii. 7 — 18; Amos i. 9, 10; Joel iii. 4 — 8; If. xxiii. Jer.
xlvii. 4; Ezek. xxvi — xxviii. Zech. ix. 1 — 4.
When Alexander's fury was abated, he repeopled Tyre from
the continent of Phenicia. But Antigonus, one of his captains
6

who fucceeded him, foon after reduced it to the brink of ruin,
having taken it by a fiege of nineteen months. The Alexan
drians in Egypt having drawn to themfelves the trade of the na
tions around, the Phemtans could never recover their influence :
they were alfo often embroiled in the contefts between the Syro-
grecian and Egypto-grecian fucceffors of Alexander the Great. —
To puniSh their frequent riots, and their Siding with Caffius his
enemy, Auguftus, the Roman emperor, a little before our Sa
viour's bii th, deprived the Tyrians and Zidonians of their muni
cipal freedom. About A.D. 194, Niger, the Roman ufurper,
burnt Tyre into a heap of ruins, and murdered moft of its inhabi
tants. From A. D. 633, toaboilt 1130, Phenicia wasenfiavedby
the Saracens and Seljukian Turks. It had been fubjedted about
160 years to the inhuman popiSh croifades, when Atphix, the ful-
tan of Egypt, took it, and utterly deftroyed Tyre and Zidon, and
the other places of Strength, that they might never more afford
Shelter to the Europeans : fine- w hich Tyre hath been generally
an heap of ruins, inhabited only by a few pitiful fifhermen ; li.
xxiii. Joel iii. 4 — 8; Amos i. 9, 10; Jer. xlvii. 4, 7; Zech. ix.
1 — 4 ; Ezek. xxvi — xxviii. The Canaanites, who, in their flight
from Jofhua, David, Nebuchadnezzar, &c. had retired to the
north of Africa, formed there feveral fovereignties ; but that of
Carthage was the moft noted. After terrible contentions among
themfelves, or with the Greeks in Sicily, and Romans in Sicily,
Spain, Italy, and Africa, they were all, about 3858, reduced by
the Romans to the bafeftfervitude. For about 1900 years paft their
country, by the tyranny of the Romans, Vandals, Saracens, and
Turks, has been an almoft conftant fcene of mifery and bondage.
Such Phenicians as retired to Europe, and there for a time fubfiited
under the names of Beotians, Pelafgi, Etrufcans, &c. were quickly
reduced to mifery and bondage by the Greek and Roman defcend
ants of Japheth, Thus Noah's curfe of fervitude followed thefe
Canaanites whitherfoever they fled to efcape it; Gen. ix. 25 — 27.
II. The Philistines were a part of the pofterity of.Mizraim,
the fecond fon of Ham ; Gen. x. 14; 1 Chron. i. 11, 12. Leav
ing Caphtor, or the north-eaft parts of Egypt, they very early fet
tled in a fmall Strip of territory along the fea Shore, in the fouth-
weft of Canaan, having driven out the Avites, who before pof-
feffed it ; Deut. ii. 23 ; Amos ix. 7 ; Jer. xlvii. 4. In the days of
Abraham, Ifaac, and Ephraim, they had begun te difcover their
malicious fpite againft the Hebrews ; Gen. xx. xxi. xxvi.
1 Chron. vii. 21. Notwithstanding Jofhua's allotment of their
territory to the tribe of Judah, they long retained their fortified
cities of Gaza,* Afhkelon, Afhdod, Ekron, and Gath. Nor did
they ever loSe an opportunity of doing the Ifraelites mifchief.
Neither covenants of friendship with the Patriarchs, nor the re
buffs they met with from Shamgar, Sainton, the ark, Samuel, Jo
nathan, Saul, or David, could long reftrain their implacable re-
fentment; Judg. iii. 31; and xiii — xvi. I Sam. iv — vii. xiii. xiv.
xvii. xviii. xxxi. 2 Sam. v. 1 Chron. xiv. 8 — 17. At laft David
reduced their country; 2 Sam. viii. 1; 1 Chron. xviii. 1. But
towards the end of his reign they attempted to revolt; 2 Sam. xxi.
13 — 22; 1 Chron. xx. 4 — 8. Not long after the divifion of the
Hebrew monarchy, they renewed the war with the ten tribes;
I Kings xv. 27; and xvi. 15. To their own hurt, they joined
in the grand alliance againft Jehofhaphat, king ofjudah, about
A. M. 3112; Pfal. lxxxiii. 7 — 18; 2 Chron. xx. Under Jeho-
ram his Son they ravaged the kingdom of Judah, and fold multi
tudes of Jews to the Edomites or Greeks; 2 Chron. xxi. 16, 17 ;
Amos i. 6 ; Joel iii. 6. Notwithstanding Uzziah, king ofjudah,
had reduced part of their country, they, in the days of Ahaz, his.
unhappy grandfon, again took arms, and feized upon part of Judea ;
2 Chron. xxvi. 6; and xxviii. 18; If. ix. 12. About 20 ytars
after Hezekiah reduced their whole country to the brink of ruin ;
2 Kings xviii. 8; If. xiv. 29 — 31. Not long after they were at
tacked by the Affyrians; If. xx. 1.  To expel the Affyrun

Scripture hiftory of

INTRODUCTION.

the Egyptians

troops, Pfimmiticus, king of Egypt, reduced Afhdod by a fiege
of 29 years. They nevertheless Spitefully haraffed the Jews when
diftreffed by the Chaldeans. Pharaoh-hophra, in his march to
affift Zedekiah, king- of Judah, A. M. 3415, Smote Gaza their
capital. In his march from Tyre to Egypt, A. M. 3432, Nebu
chadnezzar, provoked with their attempts to affift the Tyrians, de-
Solated their country, burnt their cities, and murdered the inhabi
tants. Under the Perfian government, they recovered a little;
but abandoned themfelves to pride, idolatry, and blood.hed. Hav
ing deftroyed Tyre, Alexander the Great, A. M. 3672, marched
againft the Philistines, whofe cities were then garrifoned by Perfian
troops, took Gaza by Storm, demolished its walls, and murdered its
inhabitants, or fold them for flaves, and placed Macedonian garriforis
in all their fenced cities. About A. M. 3841, Judas Maccabeus,
the Jewifh deliverer, Subdued the whole country of the Philistines.
About Sixty-five years afterward, Janneus, his brother's grandfon,
burnt Gaza into a defert, and incorporated the remnant of' the
Philistines with fuch Jews as he placed in their country, Pfal.
lxxxiii. 7 — 17; Amos i. 6—8; If. xiv. 29—31; and xi. 14;
Jer. xlvii. Ezek. xxv. 1 5- — 17 ; Zech. i. 21 ; and ix. 5 — 7.
III. The Egyptians defcended from Ham by his fon Miz-
RAIM; Gen. x. 6,13. Their country was about 600 miles in
length from north to fouth ; and lay on the north-eaft of Africa,
on the weft of the Red fea, and fouth-weft of Canaan. The river
Nile, which runs from South to north, by its annual overflowing,
rendered the country exceedingly fertile ; and at laft, dividing
itfelf into feveral ftreams, ran into the' Mediterranean fea. Their
principal cities were No, Zoan, On, Migdol, Pithom, Ramefes,
Noph, or Memphis, Tahpanhes ; and it is faid about 20,000
others; Nah. iii. 8; Gen. xii. 45; Exod. i. 1 1 ; and xiv. 2;
Num. xiii. 22; If. xix. 13; Jer. xliv. I; and xlvi. 14, 25;
Ezek. xxx. 13 — 18. It feems that fometimes the fouthern part
of the country was called Pathros, and the lower part of it
Egypt ; If. xi. 11 ; Jer. xliv. 1. Not long -after the difperfion
from Babel, Mizraim and his family founded their kingdom here ;
Gen. xi. xii. Their monarchy continued above 1600 years ;
and their kings were generally furnamed Pharaoh. A terrible
famine of feven years, beginning A, M. 2290, had ruined their
nation, had not Jofeph the Hebrew, by his prudence, faved them
alive. .By his fale of the corn which he had laid up, he made their
fields, their cattle, and perfons, the property of their king ; Gen.
xl — xlvii. Their cruel oppreffion of the Ifraelites, when fojourn-
ing among them, drew upon them ten fearful plagues : and at
laft- all their firft-born were flain in one night, and their army
drowned in the Red fea, A. M. 2513 ; Exod. i — xiv.
Perhaps provoked with the contempt which Solomon had dis
covered for their princefs, his queen, in collecting his feraglio of
Women, the Egyptians became his enemies, and protected his
opponents. Shifhak, who it Seems firft united Egypt under one
king, and extended his empire Sar and wide into Africa and Afia,
A. D. 3034, ravaged Judea ; 1 Kings xi. and xiv. 25 — 28 ;
2 Chron. xii. 1—9. In his abfence his brother rebelled ; and after
his death his large empire fell into pieces ; and Egypt itfelf bent
under the power of the Ethiopians. — Provoked with their attempts
to affift the Hebrews of Ifrael and Judah, the Affyrians (I fuppofe
under Sennacherib) for about three years terribly ravaged their
country. About A. M. 3330 a civil war broke out among the
twelve princes, whom it feems the Affyrian king had constituted
his deputies in the "land. After it had raged about fifteen vearc,
Pfammiticus fubdued his eleven competitors. But, notwithstand
ing all his efforts to reftore the power and felicity of the nation,
his wars with the Affyrians in Paleftine, and his provoking
200,000 of his troops to retire into Ethiopia, greatly weakened it;
If. xix. 1 — 17 ; and xx. and perhaps xviii. Nah. iii. 8 — 10.
About A. M; 3390 Pharaoh-necho, his fon, attempted to extend 1
his power on the- ruins of the now falling ASSyrian empire; andi

took C arch em iSh, a city upon the Euphrates; and rendered the
Jewifh nation his tributaries. Nebuchadnezzar, the Chaldean, foon
after, A.JVl. 3396, gave his troops a terrible defeat ; took Carcher
mifli, and purfued the Egyptians to the frontiers of their country;
2 Kings xxiii. 29 — 35 ; and xxiv. 1 — 7 ; 2 Chron. xxxv. 20 — 24;
andxxxvi. 3 — 6; Jer. xlvii. 1 ; and xlvi. r — 12; If. xix. 1— 17.
Puffed up with the felicity which he and his kingdom had enjoyed
in the beginning of his reign, Pharaoh-hophra and his fubjects
abandoned" themfelves to pride, idolatry, carnal Security, and other
impieties. Terrible miSeries enSued. Provoked with the unhappy
iffue oS his expedition againft the Cyrenian^, many of his own-
Subjects took arms againft him. Making Amafis,. his general,
their king, they routed his hired troops and took himSelf pnfoner.
They even obliged Amafis to deliver him into their hands, and
ignominioufly Strangled him. Meanwhile Nebuchadnezzar, to
revenge the Egyptfans' attempts to affift the Jews or Tyrians
againft him, invaded their country, A.M. 3432; routed their
armies; murdered the inhabitants, or by terror drove them out- of
the land ; Seized on their wealth; burnt their cities ; and carried
off their idols. For about forty years the once populous country
of Egypt continued almoft utterly defolate ; Jer. xliv. 29, 30 j
xliii. 8 — 13 ; xxv. 9, 19; and xlvi. 13 — 26; Ezek. xvii. xxix—.'
xxxii. If. xix. 1 — 17.
The Chaldean empire being ruined A. M. 3466, the Egyptians'
under Amafis attempted to recover their freedom. But Cyrus:
of Perfia, marching his troops into their country, obliged them to
acknowledge his authority. After. his death Amafis quickly re
volted from the Perfian yoke. But Cambyfes A. M. 3478
marched againft them ; and, placing before his troops cats, dogs,
and other animals, which the Egyptians adored, he eafily Stormed.
Pelufium, their principal frontier on the north-eaft. He cuelly
ravaged the country; murdered the inhabitants ; killed their deified
animals ; abufed and flew their priefts ; demolished their temples ;-
and tranfported about 3000 of their idols to Perfia. About A. M.
3517 the Egyptians again revolted from under the Perfian yoke.
Darius Hyflatpis prepared to reduce them. After his death
Xerxes his fon ravaged their country, and rendered their bondage
more grievous. Inftigated by Inarus, king of Lybia, whom they.
had acknowledged their Sovereign, they again revolted about
A. M. 3540. In a bloody war of fix years, Artaxerxes Longi-
manus reduced the moft of them. About 3590 Amyrtaeus, who
had for fome time reigned in the fen country, furioufly attacked
the Perfian garrifons, and drove them quite out of Egypt. After'
the Egyptians had Struggled with the Perfians for their liberty'
about Sixty years, a furious inteftine war, between Nedtanebus
and a Mendefian prince, exhaufted their Strength. Taking this
opportunity, Artaxerxes Ochus and his Perfian troops, about
3650, ravaged their country with inexpreffible barbarity; mur
dered the inhabitants ; demolished their temples ; and returned
home laden with booty. — In A. M. 3672 Alexander the Great
marched his Grecian troops into Egypt. Wearied of the Perfian
yoke, the Egyptians readily Submitted to him ?.s their powerful
deliverer. For about 323 years after this they were governed by
the Grecian Ptolemies, under four or five of whom their country
bade fair to recover its ancient fplendour. About A. M. 3995
the Romans reduced it into one of their provinces, and retained'
it under their yoke about 650 years. In A. D. 640 the Saracens
conquered it, and eftabliihed in it their Mahometan delufion,
whxh has ever fince been the authorifed religion. About A. D.
970 the Moflem Calif of Cyrene wrcfted it from the Calif of
Bagdad. He and his pofterity governed it 200 years. About A. D.
1 171 Saladiti the Curd craftily feized it for himfelf; and he and.
his defcendants governed it about 80 years. For the next 275
years it was ruled by Mamlurk flaves ; 24 of them Turks, and
23 Circaffians. ' Since 1525 it has been oppreffed by the Ottoman
Turks. All the' principal families being tranfported to Conftan-'

Scripture hiftory of Ethiopians,

INTRODUCTION.

Amalekites, and Edomites.

tinople, a Turkifh Pacha, with 24 fubordinate Begs, all originally
aves, govern it, under the Grand Seignior. Thus, for more
than 2000 years backward, Egypt has never been governed by a
proper native of the country: nor has any nation under heaven
been fo remarkably governed by the bafeft of flaves. Meanwhile,
a mad propenfity to the moft Stupid idolatry or fuperftition, bru-
tifh ignorance, Sloth, cowardice, difhonefty, deceit, cruelty, mur
derous malice, and inclination to fodomy, have formed the great
lines of their national character; If. xix. 1— 17; xx. and perhaps
xviii. xxvii. i; xxx. 1 — 6; xxxi. 1 — 3; and xliii. 3; Jer. xxv.
9, 18, 19; Jer. xlvi. 13 — 26; Ezek. xxix. xxxii. Dan. xi. 5 —
25, 42, 43; Joel iii. 19; Zech. x. 11; and xiv. 18.
IV. The Cushites or Ethiopians defcended from Ham's
eldeft fon. For many ages part of them refided on the fouth-eaft
of Babylon and weft of Perfia. That country is ftill called Sufi-
ana, or Chufiftan, i. e. the country of Cufh; Gen. x. 6, 7; and ii.
13. The Cuthites, whom the king of Affyria tranfported to
Canaan, were no doubt the remains of them in that place; 2 Kings
xvii. 24,30; Ezra iv. 9, 10. Part of thefe Cufhites, after long
continuance about Babylon; (Gen. x. 8 — 10) moved weftward
into Arabia, and for a time dwelt about the eaftern gulf of the Red
fea; Hab. iii. 7; Num. xii. 1. From thence part of them gra
dually emigrated into Abyffinia, fouthward of Egypt; Efth. i. i;
and viii. 9; Jer. xiii. 23. During the civil war which happened
in Egypt, after the death of ShiShak, about A. M. 3050, Zerah
the Ethiopian (2 Chron. xiv. 9 — -13) feems to have feized on that
kingdom. About A.M. 3278 Sabacon, another Ethiopian, re
duced Egypt a fecond time, and entered into a confederacy with
Hofhea king of Ifrael againft the Affyrians; 2 Kings xvii. 4.
Tirhakah, who marched to the affiftance of Hezekiah king of
Judah, was probably the fame as Sethon his fucceffor. When
Shalmanefer, Sennacherib, or Efarhaddon his fon, for three years
ravaged the land of Egypt, part of Ethiopia Shared the fame fate;
If. xviii. xx. and xliii. 3. Nebuchadnezzar the Chaldean, and
-Cyrus and Cambyfes kings of Perfia in their turns, ravaged the
northern parts of Ethiopia. Since that period the Romans, Sara
cens, and Turks, who have been fucceffivel-y governors of Egypt,
have frequently haraffed the northern Ethiopians. And fometimes
the favage Galles and Giagas, from the fouth, have almoft defo-
lated their country. Ever Since the conversion of the eunuch,
A. D. 35, (Acts viii. 26 — 39) Christianity has been known; and
for about 1400 years has had a civil establishment in African
Ethiopia; but is much difgraced by ignorance and fuperftition. —
Neither the repeated attempts of the Saracen or Turkifh Maho
metans, nor of the European papifts, have ever been able to efta-
blifh in it their refpective delufions ; If. xx. xviii. and xliii. 3;
Ezek. xxx. 4, 5; Zep.h. ii. 12 ; Dan. xi. 4.3; If. xiv. 14; xliii.
6; and xlix. 12; Pfal. lxviii. 31; and lxxxvii. 4. Part of the
Ethiopians wiS ailift Gog and Magog againft the converted Jews
in the beginning of the Millennium ; Ezek. xxxviii. 5.
V. The Amalekites appear to have Sprung from Mam; and
to have exifted as a nation long before Efau or Amalek. his grand-
Son were born; and to have been one of the moft ancient and
powerful: they had their refidence on the fouth and fouth .veft of
Canaan, almoft all along from the weftern gulf of the Red tea, to
the bank of the Euphrates; Gen. xiv. 7; Num. xxii-. 7, 20;
1 Sam. xv. 7; and xxvii. 8; 1 Chron. riv. 39, 40. No token of
their connection with the Edomites appears in hiftory. But, be-
•ing allied with the Egyptians, or covetous of booty, they attacked
the Ifraelit-s in their march from Egypt to Sinai. To punifh
•their behaviour, God not only enabled Jofhua to defeat them on
that occafion, but appointed the Hebrews to exterminate them
from the earth ; Exod. xvii. 8 — 16; Deut. xxv. 17 — 19. Next
year they aflifted the Canaanites a-iainft the'prefumptuous Ifrael
ites; Num. xiv. 45. About A. I\I. 2630 they aflifted the Moab-
ites, and about 2797 the Midianites, a^unit Ifrael ; on both which
Vol. I.

occafions they Shared the miferable fate of their allies; Judges iii.
13; and vi. 6. They continuing in their impiety and hatred of
Ifrael, God, about A. M. 2942, appointed Saul to deftroy them
utterly, which in part he effected. Not long after, David cut off
a part of what remained. Their alliance againft Jehofhaphat,
about A. M. 31 12, iffued to their hurt. About A. M. 3290 the
Simeonites cut off many more. By his projecting the utter de
struction of the Jewifh nation, Hainan, the Amalekite, drew comr
plete ruin upon himfelf and his friends. Since which no remains
of the nation are to be found in the hiftories of mankind ; Exod.
xvii. 14, 16; Num. xxiv. 20 — 22; Deut. xxv. 17 — 19; 1 Sam,
xiv. 48; xv. 1 — 8; xxvii. 8,9; and xxx. 1 — 20; % Sam. viii.
12; Pfal. Ixxxiii. 7 — 17; 1 Chron. iv. 39 — 43; Efth. iii,
vii — ix.
VI. The Edomites fprang from Abraham by Efau his grand-
fon. Partly by intermarriages, and partly by conqueft, they
feized on the country fouthward of Judea, which had been for
merly poffeffed by the Horite defcendants of Ham. It included
the mountains of Seir and Hor, and the provinces of Uz, Dedah,
Teman, &c. Their principal cities were Bozrah, Selah, &c. It
was of old moderately watered and fertile ; Gen. xxv. 25, 30 \
xxxvi. i — 9; and xxxii. 3; Deut. ii. 12; Num. xx. 23; xxxiii.
37; and xxxiv. 3; If. xxi. 11 ; and xxxiv. 5, 6; Jer. xlix. 7, 8,
22; Lam. iv. 21 ; Ezek. xxv. 12, 13; Gen. xxxvi. 32 — 39;
xxvii. 39, 40. Like Efau their anceftor, the Edomites were gene
rally given to hunting and war. While the Ifraelites groaned under
their Egyptian tafkmafters, the Edomites had become a powerful
nation under their kings and dukes. But, being excluded from
the peculiar privileges of Abraham's Seed, they mingled themfelves
with the heathen; and, learning their ways, abandoned themfelves
to the Slavery of their own Sinful lufts; 1 Chron. i. 35-54;
Exod. xv. 15,16; Gen. xxxvi. 10 — 43; xxvii. 4.0 ; and xxv.
23. Notwithstanding repeated entreaties, they denied the Ifrael
ites a paffage through their country into Canaan : but it feems
they afterwards behaved in a more benevolent manner; Num. xx.
14 — 2i ; Deut. ii. 28, 29; and xxiii. 7. For about 4Q0 years
after the Edomites feem to have applied themfelves much to trade.
Elath and Eziongeber on the Red fea were their principal ports.
Saul haraffed them ; 1 Sam. xiv. 47 : David rendered them tri
butaries to the Ifraelites ; Gen. xxv. 23 ; and xxvii. 29, 37, 40;
2 Sam. viii. 14; Pfal. Ix. cviii. i Kings xi. 15, 16. Notwith
standing Hadad's attempt to revolt, they continued 150 years Sub
ject to Judah, and were governed by a deputy; Gen. xxv. 23;
and xxvii. 29, 37, 40 ; 1 Kings xi. 15 — 22 ; and xxii. 47 ; 2 Kings
iii. 7. About A. M. 31 12 they entered into a combination with
the neighbouring nations to extirpate the Ifraelites, but alrhoft
pcriihed in the attempt ; 2 Chron. x\r. Pfal. Ixxxiii. Not ton*
after they revolted from Jehoram, king ofjudah; and, with no
Small bloodied, rendered themfelves independent; Gen. xxvii,.
40; 2 Chron. xxi. 8 — 10. To revenge fome infult, perhaps, of
their buying the Jews for flaves from the Tyrians and PhiiifHnes,
Amaziah invaded their country, and inhumanly murdered many
thoufands of them, and took Selah their capital. Uzziah his fon
further ravaged their country, and took Elath, their principal feu-
port on the Red fea; 2 Kings xiv. 7; 2 Chron. xxv. 11, 12;
and xxvi. 2 ; Amos i. 6, 9. About A. M. 3264 they ravaged the
fouth parts of Judea, and murdered and took prifoners a preat
many of the inhabitants; 2 Chron. xxviii. 17. But God quickly
relented the injuries done to his people. The A {Syrians iy. a .terri
ble manner ravaged the country of ridom, and ueicroyed Bozrnh,
their new capital. — When the Cha'de.ns, about 3416, burnt Je
rufalem, and n-.urdered and took captive moft of the Jewiili na
tion, the Edomites affifted them, and ina'igated their utmoit Seve
rity. But, in the righteous judgrac.it of God, the feme Chal
deans, about five years afeer, rendered the country cf Edom a de
foliate wildernefs, Ever fince it has been ^la^ued with h.r en cis
d

Scripture hijfory of Moabites,

INTRODUCTION.

Ammonites, and Syrians.

and drought, and has fwarmed with Serpents. When the Chal
dean monarchy was unhinged, in A. M. 3466, the Edomites re
collected themfelves. Part of them incorporated with the Ilh-
maelites on the fouth, and part of them feized upon the fouth parts
of Judea: thefe Darius Hyftafpis ordered them to evacuate, but
with what fuccefs we know not. About A. M. 3841 Judas Mac
cabeus, the Jewifh hero, offended with the Edomites for affifting
the Syro-grecians againft his nation, ravaged their country, flew
40,000 of them, and difmantled Hebron, their capital. About
thirty-five years after, Hircanus his nephew reduced the Edomites,
and obliged them to incorporate with the Jews and profefs their
religion. But juft before the facking of Jerufalem by Titus a body
of Edomites deferted the Jews, and got off laden with booty. Ever
Since the Edomitifh nation has been configned to oblivion ; Amos i.
ii, 12; IS. xxi. 11; xxxiv. and xi. 14; PSal. cxxxvii. 7; Lam.
iv. 21, 22; Ezek. xxv. 12 — 145 xxxii. 29; xxxv. and xxxvi. 2;
Obad. 21; Jer. xxv. 9,21; xxvii. 3,6, j; and xlix. 7 — 22;
Num. xxiv. Joel iii. 19; Mai. i. 4.
VII. The Midianites were the offspring of Abraham by
Keturah. Moft of them dwelt on the fouth-eaft of the Dead fea,
eaflward of the Edomites. But part of them, perhaps to fhun
the idolatrous infection of the reft, took up their refidence near
the north-eaft point of the Red fea; among thefe Jethro, the
father-in-law of MoSes, was a prince or prieft; Gen. xxv. 2 — 6 ;
and xxxvii. 28; Exod. ii. iii. xviii. About A. M. 2552 the Nor
thern Midianites were Subjected to, or allied with, the Moabites.
Their /Women were peculiarly inftrumental in feducing the If
raelites to whoredom and idolatry. This their wickednefs God
punifhed with the almoft utter destruction of their nation; Num.
Xxii. 4, 7; and xxv. xxxi. Jofh. xiii. 21. About A. M. 2797
the Midianites rendered the Ifraelites their tributaries, and for
feven years greatly oppreffed them. But Gideon, by an handful
of troops, reduced them to the brink of ruin. It is probable that
their fraall remains incorporated with the Moabites or Ifhmaelites ;
Judg. vi — viii. The pofterity of Jethro lived among the Jews,
under the name of Kenites and Rechabites, till the Affyrians
and Chaldeans carried them away captive; Exod. ii. 21 ; and xviii.
I, 2; Num. x. 29 — 32; Judg. iv. 11; 1 Chron. ii. 55, 2 Kings
X. 15, 23; Num. xxiv. 21,22; Jer. xxxvi.
VIII. IX. The Moabites and Ammonites were the pro
duct of Lot's inceft with his daughters; Gen. xix. 30 — 38. The
Moabites dwelt eaflward of the Midianites, along the banks of
the river Arnon, which runs weftward into the Dead fea. Their
principal cities were, Ar, Kir, Bozrah, Hefhbon, Elealeh, &c.
This country they took from the gigantic Emims, who were the
offspring of Ham; Num. xxi. 13 — 15, 26; and xxii. 36; Deut.
ii. 9 — 11 ; If. xv. xvi. Jer. xlviii. 1 — 5, 19 — 24. The Ammo
nites had their refidence on the north-eaft of the Moabites, and
eaft of the Reubenites and Gadites, in the territories which they
wrefted from the gigantic Zamzummims, another part of the de
fcendants of Ham. Rabbath was their principal city; Deut. ii.
18 — 22; and iii. II; 2 Sam. xii. 26 — 29; Amos ii. 14. When
the Ifraelites, in A. M. 2552, encamped on the border of the
Moabites, in their way to Canaan, they, and it feems alfo the
Ammonites, invited and hired Balaam to curfe that people, that
they might be deftroyed. But God not only obliged him to blefs
the Ifraelites, and denounce destruction, upon their 'enemies, but,
for this caufe, excluded the Moabites and Ammonites from the
congregation of Ifrael to all generations; Num. xxi. xxii — xxv,
Deut. xxiii. 3—6; Neh. xiii. 1, 2. From A. M. 2639 to 2657
the Moabites grievoufly opprefled the Israelites; but were driven
eut of Canaan by Ehud ; and Eglon their king was Slain ; Judg.
iii. 12 — 30. From A. M. 2840 to 2858 the Ammonites terribly
opprefled the Ifraelites on the eaft of Jordan; but were reduced by
Jepthah ; Judg. x. xi. About A. M. 2909, or 2939, Nahafh the
Ammonite ravaged Gilead, and refuted every term of fubmiffion

but what was inhuman and barbarous ; but his army was almoft
wholly cut to pieces by Saul; 1 Sam. xi. Saul afterwards war
ed with fuccefs upon the Ammonites and Moabites ; 1 Sam, xiv.
47. They both feem to have favoured David while he was per
fected by Saul ; but, provoked with their infolent or barbarous
conduct, he conquered them both not long after he became king
of Ifrael; 1 Sam. xxii. 3, 4; 2 Sam. viii. 2, 11, 12; Pfal Ix. 8;
andeviii. 9; 2 Sam. x — xii. 1 Chron. xviii — xx. Num. xxiv. 17.
For about 150 years they continued fubject to the Ifraelites ; and,
after the divifion of the kingdom, fell to the Share of the ten tribes.
After the death of Ahab the Moabites rebelled ; but were Severely
chaftiSed by king Jehoram his Son, and his affiftants in the war ;
and their country almoft ruined ; 2 Kings i. 1. and iii. Both na
tions joined as principals in the grand alliance againft Jehofhaphat
king of Judah ; but their army perifhed in the attempt ; 2 Chron.
xx. Pfal. Ixxxiii. The kings of Ifrael, being no longer able to
retain them in Subjection, Uzziah and Jotham, kings of Judah,
rendered them tributary. But it is probable they returned their
liberty during the unhappy reign of Ahaz ; 2 Chron..xxvi — xxviii.
While the Syrians from the north, or Affyrians from the north-
eaft, ravaged the land of Ifrael, the Ammonites and Moabites
feized on the cities which lay next them, and in the moft inhuman
manner murdered the inhabitants. God fpeedily and feverely
punifhed their injustice and cruelty. The Affyrians, about 3290^
feized their wealth, burnt their cities, murdered or carried captive
their people, and defolated their country. After the death of
ESarhaddon, king of Affyria, they refumed their independency.
About A. M. 3398 they affifled the Chaldeans in ravaging die
kingdom of Judah ; and, with the utmoft cruelty and infolence,
pufhed on the ruin of that nation. Not long after Jerufalem was
burnt to an heap, Nebuchadnezzar, ©ffended with the Moabites
and Ammonites, for their attempts to affift the Tyrians, and for
the murder of Gedaliah his Jewifh deputy, furioufly invaded their
country ; and, by carrying off their wealth, burning their cities,
and murdering the inhabitants, rendered it an abfolute defert.
After the overthrow of the Chaldean empire in 3466, fuch as re
mained returned to their country, and fucceffively became the tri
butaries of the Perfians, Greeks', and Romans. Notwithstanding
their own Servitude, they took every opportunity to diftrefs the
Jews after their captivity. Provoked with their infults, particu
larly during the perfecution of Antiochus Epiphanes, Judas Mac
cabeus, with a handful of Jews, about A. M. 3840, invaded the
country of the Ammonites, routed their forces, burnt their cities,
and made flaves of their wives and children. About feventy
years after, Jannaeus, his grand-nephew, reduced the Moabites
into a ftate of Slavery to the Jewifh nation; Amos i. 13 — 155
and ii. 1 — 3 ; If. xv. xvi. and xxv. 10 ; Jer. xlviii. and xlix. i—
6; Ezek. xxv. Zeph. ii. 8 — 10.
X. The Syrians or Aramites were the offspring of Shem's
youngeft fon, and of Nahor the brother of Abraham; perhaps
mingled with fome Canaanites; Gen. x. 22, 23; and xxii. 21,
22; 1 Chron. i. 17. Their country lay on the north-eaft of Ca
naan and Mount Lebanon : anciently it extended far beyond the
river Euphrates to the eaflward ; and perhaps included moft of
Mefopotamia; 2 Sam. x. 16. Cufhan-rifhathaim, who for eight
years greatly oppreffed the Ifraelites, was probably the king of
the Syrians beyond the Euphrates; Judg. iii. 8— 10. Their an
cient kingdoms were Zoba, Damafcus, Hamath, Gefhur, Rehob,
Lhtob, Maachah, &c. 2 Sam. viii. 3, 9 ; x. 6, 8 ; and xv. 8;
1 Chron. xix. 6, 8. The Syrians on this fide the Euphrates were
either conquered by David, about A. M. 2964, or voluntarily Sub
mitted; 2 Sam. viii. x. 1 Chron. xviii. xix. But, about Sixty
years after, Rezon, a Servant of Hadadezer, whom David had con
quered, formed a kingdom for himfelf at Damafcus, which quickly
extended itfelf over all Syria on this fide the river, and proved a
terrible fcourge to the kingdom of Ifrael ; particularly in the days

Scripture hiftory of Syrians,

INTRODUCTION.

and of the Affyrians.

of Baafha, Ahab, Jehoram, Jehu, and Jehoahaz; i Kings xi. 23—
25; xv. 18 — 20; and xx. xxii. 2 Kings vi. viii. 28, 29; x. 32,
33; and xiii. 3 — 7 ; 2 Chron. xxii. 5 : and even to the kingdom
ofjudah, which lay further off; particularly in the days of Joafh
and Ahaz; 2 Kings xii. 17, 18; and xvi. 5, 6; 2 Chron. xxiv.
23,24; and xxviii. 5; If. vii. 1 — 8; and ix. 12. But God did
not Suffer the iiijuries which they did to his people to pafs unpu
nished. Twice, with an handful of men, Ahab routed their huge
armies, and brought them to the brink of ruin; 1 Kings xx. A
preternatural noife terrified them from their cruel fiege of Samaria;
2 Kings vii. And Joafh and Jeroboam, defcendants of Jehu, re
peatedly routing their armies, reduced them to the very brink of
defpair; 2 Kings xiii. 15 — 25; and xiv. 25 — 28.
But more terrible judgments overtook them foon afterwards.
Hired by Ahaz king of Judah, Tiglath-pilefer the Affyrian made
their wealth a prey, burnt their cities, murdered the inhabitants,
tranfported part of the furvivors to Media, or caufed them to ferve
in his army againft the Ifraelites; Amos i. 3 — 5; and iii. 12;
If. viii. 4; xvii. 1 — 3; and ix. 12; with 2 Kings xvi. 7 — 9.
During the decline of the Affyrian monarchy the captive Syrians
returned and repeopled their country. Part of them affifted Ne
buchadnezzar the Chaldean againft the Jews ; 2 Kings xxiv. 2.
Not long after, on fome provocation, he marched his troops into
Syria ; burnt Damafcus, Hamath, Arpad, and other principal
cities, into heaps of rubbifh; and cruelly murdered the inhabi
tants, or tranfported them as Slaves to his eaftern dominions.
Under Cyrus the Perfian, about A. M. 3466, and his fucceffors,
the Syrians once more returned and rebuilt their cities. When
Alexander the Grecian conqueror marched this way, about 3672,
Hadrach, Hamath, and Damafcus, were obliged to Submit. Ever
Since Syria has been a fcene of war, ravage, and bloodfhed. Here
the Grecian monarchs of Egypt and Syria often conflicted. It
was terribly ravaged by Eumenes the Pergamenian, and by Hirca-
nus the Jew, and by the Parthians and others. About A. M.
3939 the Romans reduced it into one of their provinces. Under
them it was often plagued with Parthian and Perfian invafions,
and miferably diftreffed by earthquakes. From A. D. 634, when
the Saracens feized on it, it became a frequent fcene of war be
tween them and the Chriftian emperors of Conftantinople. To
wards the end of the eleventh century of Chrift the Seljukians
wrefted it from the Saracens, and erected one of their four king
doms at Aleppo and another at Damafcus. After the European
croifades had held it about an hundred years, rendering it a con
ftant fcene of the murder of Turks, and of one another, Saladin the
conqueror of Egypt drove them out of moft of it, about A. D.
1196. Since that time it has been generally oppreffed by the Ot
toman Turks, and not a little expofed to the plundering Drufes of
Lebanon and the roving Arabs. Nor, except at Aleppo and
Damafcus, is there now any thing important but ancient ruins ;
Amos i. 3 — 5; If. xvii. 1 — 3; Jer. xlix. 23—27; Zech.
ix. 1, 2.
XI. The Assyrians were the pofterity of Afhur, the fecond
fop of Shem. They formed one of the moft ancient kingdoms in
the world. Their refidence was on the banks of the Hiddekel or
Tigris, eaflward of Mefopotamia. Nineveh, their principal city,
ftood above 500 miles to the north-eaft of Jerufalem; Gen. x.
11, 12, 22; Nah. ii. 8. About A. M. 3170 God, by Jonah,
threatened the wicked Ninevites with immediate definition ; but
their folemn failing and repentance prevented it ; Jonah i — iv.
About A. M. 3230 the Affyrian?, under Pul, began to be power
ful and to extend their empire. He and his fucceffors, Tiglath-
pilefer, ghalmanefer, and Sennacherib, conquered "the Medes,
Perfians, Chaldeans, Syrians, Ammonites, Moabites, Edomites,
Philiflines, Ifraelites, Egypt, and part of Phenioia,VArabia, and
Ethiopia'; 2 Kings xv. 19, 29; xvi. 7 — 9 ; xvii. 3 — 6, 24, 27;
xviii. 34; and xix. 12, 13, 17; If. x. 7—14} xxxvi. 19; xxxvii.

11— 13, 18; vii. 17—25; viii. 4; and x. xv— xxiv. xxviii.
Amos i. ii. Joel iii. 2—8 ; Ezek. xxxi. 3—9.
Their tranfactions in Canaan were the moft important. Not
long after Pul had laid the Ifraelites under tribute, Tiglath-pilefer,
hired by Ahaz king of Judah, about A. M. 3270, entered Syria;
and by murder, and captivity of the inhabitants, laid it defolate.
The Ifraelitifh territories in Galilee, and on the eaft of Jordan,
foon after Shared a like fate. After Shalmanefer had ruined the
kingdom of Ifrael, and ravaged the country of the Philistines, if
not alfo of the Egyptians and Ethiopians (Ifa. xxxviii. xix.), Sen
nacherib his fon, provoked by Hezekiah s refufal to pay the tri
bute which Ahaz his father had promifed, prepared to fubvert the
kingdom of Judah. By valuable prefents, and a profound fub
miffion, Hezekiah attempted to avert the Stroke. But, contrary
to treaty, Sennacherib invaded Judea, and took all the fortified
cities, Jerufalem excepted. Having defeated Tirhakah the
Ethiopian, who came to affift Hezekiah, and ravaged Egypt and
part of Ethiopia, or perhaps rather been terrified by that powerful
monarch, he marched towards Jerufalem. By Rabfhakeh his
general, and by his letters to Hezekiah, he infolendy defied the
God of the Jews to protect them. But he had fcarcely terrified
the inhabitants of Jerufalem, by bringing up his army to Tophet,
on the eaft of the city, when God, by a fiery peftilence, or fome
other awful ftroke, cut off 185,000 of his moft valiant troops in
one night. Leaving his baggage for a prey, he retreated home
with the utmoft precipitation and terror ; but was fcarcely arrived
when two of his fons murdered him, while he was facrificing to
his idol; Deut. xxviii. 49 — 52; If. v. 25 — 30 ; vii. 8, 17 — 25;
viii. 4, 7, 8 ; x. 5 — 34 j xvii. xxii. xxiv. xxviii — xxxiii. ix. 4;
xir. 25; xvii. 12 — 14; xxiv. 21, 22; xxvii. 1; xxviii. 21;
xxix. 7, 8; xxx. 27 — 33; xxxi. 4 — 9; xxxiii. 1 — 4, 13, 14, 23;
and xxxvi. xxxvii. xxv — xxvii. xxxv. 2 Kings xvii — xix. 2 Chron.
xxxii. Ezek. xxxi.
Efarhaddon his fon, who reigned from about 3296 to 3338, by
ceflion or conqueft, appears to have reunited the kingdom of. Ba
bylon to his own. Thither he carried king Manaffeh and his
fellow-captives ofjudah; If. xxxix. 6, 7 ; 2 Chron. x. xxiii. 11.
About the fame time he tranfported the remnant of the Ifraelites
into the eaft, and repeopled their country with his eaftern cap
tives; 2 Kings xvii. 24 — 41; Ezraiv. 2, 10. After his death
the AfTyrian empire halted towards ruin. God punifhed them for
their idolatry, their blafphemy of himfelf, and their oppreflion of
his people ; and for their pride, carnal fecurity, whoredom, mur
der, and deceit. Saofduchin, indeed, defeated the revolted Medes,
and deftroyed Ecbatan their capital. But, to revenge this, Phra-
ortes king of Media, about A. M. 3352, invaded Affyria, and laid
fiege to Nineveh. He being flain, Cyaxares his fon carried on
the war with great fury, and once and again renewed the Siege of
Nineveh. But an irruption of the Scythians into Media obliged
him to raife it and forbear the war for about twenty-eight years ;
during which, it feems, Nabopolaflar, ruler of Babylon, revolted
from the Affyrians, and rendered himfelf an independent fovereign.
Sarak king of Affyria, rendered defperate by the many difafters of
his empire, burnt his palace upon himfelf, his family, and his
enormous heaps of wealth, amounting, it is faid, to about 205
millions fterling. The flames continued raging fifteen days.
About A. M. 3398 Cyaxares, having got rid of his Scythian
guefts, and fixed a peace with the Lydians, renewed his war
with the Affyrians. He and Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon laid
fiege to Nineveh. By contracting alliances, by repairing their
fortifications, and by hoarding up provifions, the Affyrians had
done what they could to preServe their capital. But, while they
obServed Some revel, in honour of their idol, or to celebrate Some
trifling victory, the .Medes Sell upon their troops while buried in
drunkenneSs and fleep, and cut them to pieces. The Tigris, or
Some river which runs into it, high Swelled by exceffive rains, or
d z

Scripture hiftory of the

INTRODUCTION.

Babylonians or Chaldeans.

by the melting of the Armenian Snows, brake down about two
miles and an half of the wall of Nineveh. When this inundation
fubfided, the Medes and Chaldeans furioufly rufhed in by the
breach, probably in the night Seafon, and filled the whole city with
ravage, bloodfhed, and flames. Quite confounded, the AflVrians
•and their allies could do nothing effectually for their own defence.
Their ftrongeft fortifications were furrendered almoft upon the
conqueror's demand. The merchant?, and perhaps the queen,
or the effeminate monarch, fled off in the moft precipitate man
ner; and part of them took up their quarters in the Carduchian
hills- adjacent. The confederated Medes and Chaldeans, having
plundered Nineveh of every thing valuable, and murdered moft of
its inhabitants, burnt it into a ruinous heap, to the great joy of
the oppreffed tributaries. It was never rebuilt ; nor, for thefe
2000 years paft, has any one exactly known where it flood. About
A.M. 3750 the Perfians built a city of the Same name near Moful,
on the eaft of the Tigris ; but the place of it too has, for many ages,
been fcarcely difcernible ; Nah. i — iii. Mic. v. 6; Zeph. ii. 13 —
15; Ezek. xxxi. 10 — 17; and xxxii. 22.
XII. How long the ancient kingdom of Babylon, or Shinar,
eftabli/hed by Nimrod (Gen. x. 9, 10 ; and xiv. 1), continued,
¦we cannot certainly determine. The Chaldeans appear to have
fprung from Arphaxad, the third fon of Shem. For many ages
after Abraham left their country they were perhaps little better
than a thievish banditti; Gen. xi. 28 ; Jofh. xxiv. 2, 3; Neb,
ix. 7; Job i. 17. About A. M. 3260 Pul, or Tiglath-pilefer,
probably formed them into a regular nation ; and made Baladan or
Nabonaffar, his younger fon, king; If. xxiii. 13; and xxxix.
¦1,2; 2 Kings xx. 12. By fome means or other, Efarhaddon,
about A. M. 3310, reunited Chaldea to his Affyrian empire, and
he and his fon retained it about Sixty years. At laft Nabopolaflar
the governor of it, and perhaps the juft heir to the throne, ren
dered himfelf king. About A. M. 3399 Nebuchadnezzar his fon
Succeeded him, and erected a new empire, or rather a continuation
of the Affyrian, in another branch of the ancient royal family.
•Raifing an army of 300,000 warriors, he routed the troops of
Pharaoh-Necbo, king of Egypt, at the Euphrates, and took Car-
chemiSh, putting all the garrifon to the fword.. Having affifted
Cyaxares the Mede in the overthrow of Nineveh, he, with a for-
Tnidable army of Chaldeans, Scythian?, and others, fubdued the
'Syrians, Jews, Ammonites, Moabites, Edomites, and part of the
Arabs. Enraged by the Tyrians' withdrawment of their perfons
•and wealth, after he had befieged them for thirteen years, he
wrecked his fury upon the Philiflines and Egyptians who had af-.
fitted them, and terribly alarmed, if not ravaged, Ethiopia and
Lybia. On the eaft, he reduced the Medes and Perfians, or
Elamites. Wherever he prevailed, by burning the cities, and by
murdering or tranfporting the inhabitants, he generally left behind-
-him a defolate wildernefs. Their princes he either murdered or
condemned to perpetual imprisonment ; and the people who Sur
vived were generally made Slaves in Chaldea; If. xiv. 4 — 6, 12,
16, 17; xv. xxiv. and xxxix. 6, 7; 2 Kings xx. 17, 18; Jer.
Ii. 20 — 23 ; xxv. 9 — 38; xxvii. 3 — 7 ; and xix. xxi. xxiv. xxxix.
xlvi — xlix. Hab. i. 6 — 17; and ii. 5 — 17; Dan, ii. 37, 38; iv.
12, 22; v. 19; and vii. 4; Zech. vi. 2; Deut. xxviii. 49 — 52;
IS. v. 25 — -30; Eze-k iv— vii. ix. xvii. xix. xx — xxxii. xxxv.
Having finifhed his conquefts, Nebuchadnezzar abandoned
'himfelf to idolatry, pride, and other impieties. Out of his im-
menfe fpoils he formed a monftrous golden image for Bel his prin
cipal god, who, he imagined, had rendered him fo fuccefsful ;
which, together with its pedeflal, was at leaft 9,0 feet high and 9
in breadth. His fubjects were peremptorily commanded to wor-
fliip it, under pain of being immediately burnt; If. xlvi. 6 ; Jer,
x. 2 — 15; Hab. i. 11, 16; and ft. 18, 19; Dan. iii. By ex
pending. his fpoils, and employing his captives, iri his buildings at
Babylon, he rendered it the wonder of mankind. Its walls were '

87 feet broad, 350 high, and about 60 miles in circuit; and were
fortified with 250 if not 316 towers, at proper distances. His
SucceSs Swelled his pride to an uncommon pitch. To puniSh it,
God, by a kind of delirium, rendered him for feven years like a
brute. At laft his reafon was restored, and he acknowledged
God's dominion over him. He was reinstalled in his throne, and
foon after died, A. M. 3443, having reigned two years with- his
father and forty-three by himfelf; Dan. iv. and v. 18 — 21.
The, Chaldeans' contempt of God; their idolatry, aftrology,
magic, and Sorcery; their carnal fecurity, luxury, and avarice;
their barbarous murder and oppreffion of the Jews and other con
quered nations ; now began to be punifhed by God. Notwith
standing the prudent endeavours of Nitocris his Median queen,
Evil-Merodach was noted for nothing but folly and riot. By
madly abufing fome of the Medes at a hunting match, he laid the
foundation of a ruinous war with that nation. In the third year
of his reign Nerigliffar, his Sifter's huSband, murdered him, and
reigned in his Stead. Jealous of the growing power of the Medes,
he marched againft them with a prodigious army of his own
troops ; befides 150,000 whom he had hired from Lydia, Phrygia,
Cappadocia, Arabia, &c. Cyrus the Perfian, who commanded
theMedia'n troops, routed this huge hoft with an army fcarcely a
third part of their number. Nerigliffar was flain. Laboiofchard
his infant fon, who fucceeded him, the people murdered, when
he had reigned but nine months, noted for -nothing but the cruelty
of his administrators ; and Belfhazzar, the fon of Evil-Merodach,
reigned in his Stead. Gobrias and Gadates, two Chaldean lords,
provoked, the one by the murder of his fon, and the other by the
caftration of himfelf, had revolted to Cyrus, and drawn the pro
vinces which they governed along with them. Having in two
years fubdued the nations which it was probable would affift the
Chaldeans, Cyrus ravaged their country, and marched againft
Babylon their capital. Here Belfhazzar's troops had Shut them
felves up, having Stored the city with provifions fufficient for
twenty years. For two years Cyrus befieged Babylon without
any fuccefs. At laft, in A. M. 3466, informed of the approach
of their annual idolatrous revel, on which Belfhazzar profaned the
facred veffels of the Jewifh temple, in libations to his idols, and
in miniftering to his drunkennefs, he brake down the bank at the
head of the new canal which Nitocris had dug for preventing^ the
Euphrates from overflowing the country. By this means he di
verted the river from its ordinary paffage through Babylon. No
fooner was the channel emptied of water than Gobrias and Gadates
led part of his troops down, and others up, the channel, into Ba
bylon. The drunken Chaldeans having left their gates on the
river quite open, the Medo-Perfian troops rufhed in thereat, and
opened the other gates to their fellows. While the intoxicated
Chaldeans partly lay buried in Sleep and vomit, and partly ran up
and down to inform the diftant corners of the city that the Per
fians had entered it; while the merchants, hufbandrnen, and hired
troops, laboured to efcape for their lives, while every part of the
city was filled with confirmation, howling, and defperate Sorrow;
the Medes, Perfians, Phrygians, and others of Cyrus' army, fu
rioufly fpread burning and bloodfhed on every" fide. While the
flames of the city afcended to heaven, the Streets ran with the
blood of murdered warriors, princes, magicians, and even of in
nocent babes, dafhed againft the Siones. — Belfhazzar and his
thoufand lords were difpatched in their drunkennefs and Sleep.' His
whole family and friends were miferably murdered, or ignomi-
nioufly reduced. Many of his fubjects' carcafes rotted above
ground, or were devoured by beafts, or interred like brutes. Be
reaved of their hufbands, the delicate ladies and others were'igno-
minioufly. ravifhed, or cruelly murdered. The immenfe riches of
the city became a fpoil. The temples were pillaged. The idols,
Bel, Nebo, Merodach, Nergal, Shefhach, &c. were broken to
pieces, and the metal carried off for a prey. The facred veffels

Scripture hiftory of Cha/desns,

INTRODUCTION.

Medes, and Perfians.

of the Jewifh temple, which were found in the temple of Bel,
were carefully preferved, and afterwards reftored to the Jews.
Not a little of the city being burnt, and its high walls broken
down, the whole constitution of the empire was unhinged ; and
the people who remained alive reduced to the bafeit Servitude,
under the Medes, Perfians, Jews, and other nations, who had
lately been their captives.
Recovering themfelves under the mild government of Cyrus,
encouraged by the confufions which followed upon the death of
Cambyfes his Son, and provoked that Darius Hyfbfois had quite
deferted their city and fixed h>s refidence at Shufhan in Perfia, toe
Babylonians, after four years fpent in preparations, in A. M. 3487
made an open revolt. For twenty months Darius in vain befieged
them with all his forces. To prevent a Surrender through want
oS provision, the befieged ftrangled all their unneceilary eaters, old
men, children, and moft of their women. After fixing the plot
with his matter Darius, Zopyrus, a Perfian general, having fear-
Sully mangled his face, fled over to the Babylonians, pretending
that Darius had thus abufed his body, for his advifing him to raife
the fiege. They readily credited his pretences, and made him
commander of a body of their troops. With thefe he made feveral
SucceSsfuI tallies upon the retiring befiegers ; and his fuccefs quickly-
procured him the command of the whole Babylonian army, and of
the whole city. He feized the firft opportunity to open, for his
mailer's troops, two of the principal gates. Darius, thuc mafter
of the place, impaled 3000 of the principal rebels, and pardoned
the reft; and, from the neighbouring provinces, fupplied them
with 50,000 wives-. He lowered their walls three fourth parts of
their height. About A. M. 3680 Babylon remained ftill pretty
confiderable ; and Alexander the Great refolved to reftore it to its
ancient grandeur: but Seleucus, his Syro-grecian SucceSSor, hav
ing drained it of about 500,000 of its inhabitants, to people his
new city of Seleucia, in the neighbourhood, it quickly dwindled
into a mere defert ; and the Euphrates, overflowing part of it,
-turned it into a lake or fen. Before the birth of our Saviour,
Strabo, and after him Pliny, reprefent it as utterly defolate, no
thing remaining but the walls. About A. D. 400 Jerome repre
fents it as a hunting park for the Perfian kings. For many ages
paft no one knows certainly where.it ftood. The fuppofed feat of
it is fo haunted with venomous and doleful animals, that it can
not be fafely approached but during the winter cold, which renders
thefe creatures torpid, or confines them to their holes ; PSal.
exxxvii. 8, 9; and Ixxix. 6; Mic. iv. 10 — 13; v. 5, 6, 15; and
vii. 10; IS. xii. 2, 3, 25; xiii. 13 — 15; xliii. 14; xliv. 25; xiv.
1—3; xlvi. 1, 2, n; xlviii. 14; and xxi. xiii. xiv. Jer.
x. 25; -xii. 14; xxv. 12 — 14, 26; xxvii. 7; and!. Ii. Hab. ii.
-3 — 19; Dan. v. and vii. 4, 12; Zech. vi. 6, 8 ; and v. 5 — 11 ;
•Deut. xxxii. 35 — 43,
XIII. The Medes Sprang from Japheth, by his fon Madai.
The Elamites, or Persians, from Elam the eldefjrfon of
Shem, whofe name they ordinarily bear in fcripture ; Gen. x. 2,
22 ; and xiv. 1 ; If. xxi. 2 ; Acts ii. 9. Both of theSe were con
quered by the Affyrians. Part of both ferved in Sennacherib's
army againft the Jews If. xxii. 6. The Medes, inftigated by

againft the Chaldeans and others, he became heir to the Perfian
crown by his father, and to the Median by his wife ; Dan. ix. 1 ;
and v. 31, Under his command, the Medo- Perfian troops con
quered the three powerful kingdoms of Lydia on the north, Ba
bylon in the middle, and Egypt on the fouth ; all to the weftward. -
The multitudes he flew, and the fpoils he feized, were aftonifh
ing ; If. xii. 2,3, 25; xiv. 1 — 3; xlvi. 11; and xlviii. 14; Dan..
ii. 32, 39; vii. 5 ; and viii. 3, 4, 20; Zech. vi. 2, 6, 8; If.
xlvii. xxi. xiii. xiv. Jer. 1. Ii. Moft of the captives, who had-
been endaved by the Chaldeans, he allowed to return and repeople-
their deSolated countries To the Jews he alfo reftored their fa
cred veffels ; and folemnly' encouraged, and kindly affifted, them
to rebuild their temple; If. xiv. 13; and xliv. 28; 2 Chron..
xxxvi. 22, 23 ;' Ezra i. and vi. 2 — 5. Pie eflablifhed his empire
according to the moft juft and prudent regulations: but CambySes,-
his madly cruel fon and fucceffor, almoft ruined it by his expedi
tion into Egypt and Ethiopia. Artaxerxes Smerdis, the magiarc:
impostor, throughout his reign did nothing more than obftruct the
building of the Jewifh temple ; Ezra iv. 6 — 24. Darius HyffaSpfe,,
who encouraged the building of it, and who was perhaps the Aha-
suerus who divorced Vafi. i, married Either, rdvanced and pulled
down Haman, and rendered Mordecai his chief minister of Slate,
extended the emi ire to its utmoSt greatnefs. The conquefts and
government thereof reached into Iberia, Albania, Colchis, and

Scythia, on the north ;
Canaan, on the weft ;

ejoces, about A. M. 3294, revolted from under the Affyrians,

Dand rendered the Perfians their tributaries. About no years after,
affifted by the Chaldeans, they overturned the Affyrian empire, and
deftroyed Nineveh., Both, but efpecially the Perfians, were
¦obliged to Submit to the Chaldeans ; and Nebuchadnezzar built
himfelf a magnificent palace at Shufhan in Perfia; Jer. xxv. g,
25; and xxvii. 7; and xlix. 34 — 39.
Cyrus, whe is fo often marked out in the predictions of fcrip
ture, advanced the glory of both nations to its higheft pitch. Hav
ing long commanded the Median. troops of Aftyages his mother's
father, and of Darius her brother, and his own father-in-law,

into Lcilcr Afia and its islands, Syria, and-
and into Ej.ypr, Ethiopia, part of Arabia,
and Indfe, on the feuth; Ezra v. vi. Efth. i — x. Dan. viii, 3,
4; and vii. 5.
Provoked with the European Greeks, for affifting tKeir rebel
lious brethren in Lifter Afia and the Egyptians, and for giving
his father's troops a terrible defeat, Xerxes, furnifhed with the
immenfe fpoils of Cyrus and Cambyfes, and with the hoarded
wealth of Darius his. father, madly refolved to extirpate that na--
tion. While the Carthaginians„by his inftigation, attacked them:
in Sicily and Italy, about A. M. 3526, he marched an unwieldy
army of feveral millions into Greece. The Greeks having de
feated his armies and fleets, began to think of conquering his
whole empire : and the Struggles of the Egyptians to recover their--
liberty had afforded them an excellent opportunity, had not their-
own contentions and treachery prevented their improving it.
Agefilaus the Spartan once feemed on the point of overturning it,
In their lingering or often repeated wars, the Greeks more and
more perceived the luxury, folly, and weaknefs, of the Perfian.
ftate. About A. M. 3671 Alexander the Great of Macedonia,,.
having perfected the reduction of Greece into one kingdom,
marched an army of about 35,000 excellent warriors, (Egeatae,.
or goatifh men, armed with brafs), headed by the moft prudent
generals, againft the Perfians, whofe emblem of royalty then was
the golden head cf a homed ram. Highly provoked by the infolent
meflages of Darius Codoman their king, Alexander furioufly

routed their huge armies in the great battles of Granicus, Iffus,
and Arbela; and, by overrunning rather than fighting, in fix years
fubdued the whole Perfian empire; Gen. ix. 27 ; Num. xxiv.,
24; Dan. ii. 32, 39; vii. 5, 6; viii. 3 — 7; x. 20; and xi. 2,
3; Zech. vi. 2, 6, 8. About A. M. 3754 the Parthians, who
perhaps were chiefly Scythians and- Gauls, formed a powerful
kingdom in Perfia, which continued about 482 years, and fome
times extended from the Indus on the fouth to the Hellefpont on
the north. It was long the distinguished terror of the Roman
empire. About A. D, 220 or 232 the government was trans
ferred to another nation, or at leaft to another family. This Per
fian kingdom was a terrible plague to the Chriftian eniDerors,
efpecially to thofe of the Eaft; and was a moft inveterate and
cruel perfecutor of other Chriftians. Ever fince A,D. 034 Pedia
has been a distinguished fcene of the moft Shocking mifcries, op-

Scripture hiftory of the Greeks

INTRODUCTION.

in Egypt, Syria, &c.

preflion, murder, and almoft every thing horrid, under the Sara
cens, Seljukians, Tartars, Turkmans, Sophis, and modern ufurp-
ers ; Dan. ii. 44, 45 ; and vii. 12.
XIV. The Greeks, comprehending the Athenians, Spartans,
Eolians, Ionians, Dorians, &c. Sprang from Javan the fourth fon
of Japheth. When they firft removed from Leffer Afia into the
fouth-eaft of Europe we cannot certainly determine ; but about
A. M. 3150 feveral colonies, chiefly Eolians and Ionians, returned
from their overftoc.ked countries in Europe to the weftern parts of
Leffer Afia. While the Greeks with great affiduity cultivated dif
ferent branches of literature among themfelves, they gradually
penetrated into the Perfian territories : and about A. M. 3672,
under Alexander theMacedonian, they reared up an empire of their
own upon the ruin of the Perfian, lefs opulent and Showy, but
much more powerful and warlike ; Gen. ix. 27 ; Num. xxiv. 24;
Dan. ii. 32, 39 ; vii. 6 ; viii. 5 — 7, 20, 21 ; x. 20 ; and xi. 3 ;
Zech. vi. 3, 6, 8.
Scarcely had Alexander fpent twelve years in overrunning the
world when he died, perhaps of drunkennefs, in the very flower
of his age. His whole family was quickly extirpated. His queen
Statira, the daughter of Darius, was murdered by Roxana, another
of his wives, and thrown into a well. Euridice, another wife,
and Philip Aridaeus his brother, were murdered by Olympias his
mother. For this Olympias herfelf was murdered by Caffander's
foldiers. Roxana, and Alexander iEgus her fon, whom Eumenes
had for a time fo bravely fupported, were privately murdered
by Caffandei1. About a year after he murdered fiarfine, the
only Surviving wife of Alexander, and Hercules her fon. Anti-
gonus, one of his generals, who attempted to govern the whole
empire, being reduced, it was divided into four parts ; to each of
Alexander's remaining principal generals a part. Callander had
Greece in Europe on the weft. Lyfimachus had Thrace, Bi-
thynia, &c. 011 the north. Seleucus Nicator had Syria and other
eaftern provinces. Ptolemy Lagus had Egypt, &c. on the South.
Lyfimachus' fhare was quickly wrefted from him ; and moft of it
united to Syria. Caffander's fhare was foon after divided into the
feveral ftates of Macedonia, Achaia, ./Etolia, &c. About A. M.
3856 moft of it was reduced by the conquering Romans ; Dan.
viii 6 ; viii. 8, 22 ; xi. 4; ii. 40; and vii. 7, 19, 23.
'The thigh-like kingdoms of Egypt on the South of Canaan,
and of Syria on the North, long fubfifted. Ptolemy Lagus,
furnamed the Saviour, ruled over Egypt, Canaan, Phenicia, Hol-
k>w Syria, Caria, Cyprus, part of Arabia, and the Egean ifles.
Seleucus Nicator, or conqueror, who founded his empire in A. M.
3692, was ftill more powerful; ruling over not only Syria, but
Perfia, Chaldea, Mefopotamia, Affyria, Armenia, Media, Pon-
tus, and almoft all Leffer Afia ; from which, after about fixteen
years' conteft, he drove Demetrius fon of Antigonus ; and to
which, after the death of Lyfimachus in A. M. 3723, he added
Thrace, and part of Macedonia in Europe. But his fon Antio-
chus Soter's wars with the Gauls, Bithynians, and Pergamenians,
together with the revolt of the Parthians that enfued, exceedingly
weakened the kingdom. Wearied with their ruinous contentions,
Ptolemy Philadelphia of Egypt, and Antiochus Theos of Syria,
about A. M. 3756, agreed to a mutual peace. Ptolemy carried
his daughter Berenice into Syria ; perfuaded Antiochus to divorce
Laodice his queen, and efpoufe Berenice, and fettle the crown
on her children. But Ptolemy was fcarcely dead when Antiochus
divorced Berenice, recalled Laodice to his bed, and fettled the
crown of S)yia upon Seleucus Callinicus her fon. To prevent
Antiochus' changing his mind, Laodice quickly difpatched him by
poifon, and fixed her fon on his throne about 3758. Berenice,
her child, and all her Egyptian attendants, were murdered before
the Leffer Afians or Egyptians could come up to protect them.
To revenge the death of his Sifter, Ptolemy Euergetes of Egypt

marched his troops into Syria, reduced moft of that kingdom, and
returned home laden with rich fpoils, and with 2500 Egyptian
idols, which Cambyfes the Perfian had carried off about 30O
years before. Thefe, to the great joy of his fubjects, he re
placed in their temples. In his return through Canaan he offered
a folemn facrifice of thankfgiving to Gcd at Jerufalem ; Dan. xi.
5—9-
After he had been terribly plagued by Hierax his brother, and
by Eumenes king of Pergamus, Seleucus was taken prifoner by
the Parthian revolters. His fons, Ceraunus and Antiochus the
Great, refolved to be revenged on Ptolemy, and to recover what
their father had loft. Death carried off both Ceraunus and Pto
lemy while they prepared for the war. Ptolemy Philopator fuc-
ceeded his father in Egypt. Antiochus routed his forces at Be-
rytus, and recovered Phenicia and Hollow Syria. Whether he
executed his purpofe of ravaging Egypt we do not certainly
know : but next year he marched his forces to Egypt, intending
to wreft that kingdom from its luxurious prince. But Ptolemy
routed his army at Raphia, a city on the north-eaft border of
Egypt, and obliged him to reflore Canaan and Hollow Syria. In
his return from viewing thefe provinces, Ptolemy at jerufalem
offered facrifices of thankfgiving to Jehovah. But, highly en
raged that the terrors of God or the importunity of the Jews had
hindered his entrance into the Holy of Holies, he caufed about forty
or fixty thoufand Jews to be inhumanly maffacred in Egypt. He
granted the Syrians a peace upon the eafieft terms, that h= might
have'leiSure to wallow in lewdneSs with Agathocles his harlot and
her infamous brother. Offended with his bafeneSs, many oS his
Subjects revolted. Nor was it long before he died of his de
baucheries. Ptolemy Epiphanes, his infant fon, fucceeded. An
tiochus of Syria therefore agreed with Philip of Macedonia to
conquer the Egyptian dominions, and to fhare them betwixt
them. Ptolemy being folely governed by Agathocles his father's
catamite, his fubjects were upon the very point of revolting ; and
feveral feditions actually happened. The Alexandrians at laft took
arms, and put Agathocles, his filler, and his friends, to death.-
Scopas, Ptolemy's general, who perhaps himfelf intended to afcend
the throne, recovered Canaan and Hollow Syria : but Antiochus,
by three or four bloody batdes, retook them. Affifted by the
Jews, whom he honoured with diftinguifhed favours, he marched
his army into Egypt to conquer it. But, finding that the Ro
mans, whofe refentment he dreaded, had taken young Ptolemy
under their protection, he refolved to make himfelf mafter of it
by fraud. Having bribed his beautiful daughter Cleopatra to
betray or murder her future hufband, upon the firft opportunity he
married her to young Ptolemy; and affigned him Phenicia, Hol
low Syria, and Canaan, for her dowry. But Cleopatra, regard-
lefs of the horrid mandates or bribes of her father, faithfully ad
hered to the interefts of her hufband ; and the Egyptian generals,
fufpectmg Antiochus' intentions, kept themfelves on their guard.
Enraged to fee his defigns on the kingdom of Egypt wholly difap-
pointed, Antiochus, with a fleet of 300 Ships and a formidable
army, rendered himfelf mafter of feveral coafts of Leffer Afia,
Thrace, and Greece, and of Samos, Eubce^, and other iflands,
in the eaftern part of the Mediterranean fea. Informed afterwards
of Ptolemy's death, he once more prepared to wreft the kingdom
of Egypt from his infant grandfon : but a terrible ftorm, and the
death of Scopas, who intended to betray that nation, prevented
him. Inftigated by Hannibal, the famous and now fugitive general
of the Carthaginians, he, affifted by fome of the European Greeks,
next commenced a war upon the Romans. To revenge this
affront, together with the injury which he had done to their allies
in Leffer Afia, the Romans quickly engaged him. Acilius their
general routed his army in Greece, and drove him quite out of
Europe. Livius and Emilius at different times defeated his fleets.

INTRODUCTION.

Scripture hiftory of the
Lucius Scipio, with an army of 30,000, routed his army in Leffer
Afia, flew 54,000 of them, Stripped him of all his dominions to
the northward of mount Taurus, and condemned him to pay
12,000 talents of filver to the Romans, for defraying their ex
penses of the war with him. Covered with fhame and difgrace,
Antiochus retired to the inmoft parts of his kingdom ; where,
attempting to pillage a temple of Jupiter at Elymais in Perfia, Sor
money to pay his Roman debt, he was murdered by the inSuriated
mob. Seleucus Philopator his Son, who Succeeded him, was re
markable for nothing but raifing of taxes to defray his father's
Roman debt; and for an unfuccefsful attempt, by Heliodorus his
minifter, to pillage the temple of God at Jerufalem. Not long
after, the fame Heliodorus poifoned his mafter for the fake of his
throne ; Dan. xi. 1 o — 20.
Not Demetrius his fon, but Antiochus his brother, fucceeded
him, A. M. 3829. He had been fome years at Rome, as an hof-
tage, or pledge of fecurity, for the payment of the Roman debt ;
and was one of the moft bate, frantic, and mifchievous, perfons
that ever breathed. By flattering the Romans to befriend him;
by nattering Eumenes, king of Pergamus, to affift him ; and by
flattering the Syrians to fubmit to him; he peaceably fixed him
felf on the throne. Having quickly routed the forces of Heliodo
rus the ufurper, of Demetrius the true heir to the crown, and of
Ptolemy Philometor of Egypt, who claimed it in right of his mo
ther, he diftributed his fpoils among his fubjects, which exceed
ingly gained him their affection. Highly piqued that Eulseus and
Lenaeus, the curators of young Ptolemy, fhould have demanded,
for their mafter, the provinces of Phenicia, Hollow Syria, and
Canaan, which had been affigned for his mother Cleopatra's dowry,
but it feems had never been delivered up, Antiochus, having re
paired the fortifications of thefe countries, marched his army into
Egypt, with an intention to conquer it. His incomplete victory
on the border of Egypt obliged him to return home. Next year
he invaded Egypt afrefh, and, Alexandria excepted, ravaged moft
of it. While his deputy governors treacheroufly Surrendered the
ifland of Cyprus, the effeminately educated monarch of Egypt did
almoft nothing in defence of himfelf or his fubjects. Perhaps he
was taken prifoner by his uncle Antiochus. It is certain they
feafted together, and formed a league of amity which neither of
them intended to keep : but both were baulked of their treacherous
intentions. In his return homeward, Antiochus, in cold blood,
ravaged Jerufalem, murdered 40,000 of the Jews, and made as
many flaves. Meanwhile the Alexandrians, finding that Ptolemy
their fovereign was entirely managed by his treacherous uncle,
made Phyfcon his brother king in his Stead. To refent this af
front, Antiochus again invaded Egypt ; but, finding it more diffi
cult than he expected to reduce the fupporters of Phyfcon, he re
turned home, in hopes that the civil war between the two brothers
would quickly render the kingdom an eafy prey to himfelf. But,
fufpecting his intentions, the two Ptolemies, Philometor and
Phyfcon, agreed to reign jointly in peace. Informed hereof, An
tiochus again invaded Egypt, and ravaged part of it. But Popilius,
and other Roman ambaffadors, arriving in Macedonian fhips,
charged him and all his forces to evacuate Egypt if he regarded the
friendfhip of their ftate. Stung with indignation at this difap-
pointment, when all things prom'ifed fuch fuccefs ; and provoked
by the peculiarity of their religion, and by fome affronts they had
given him ; he, in his return to Syria, made terrible work among
the Jews. Before this he had turned out Onias the legal high
prieft, and fold his office to his treacherous brothers Jafon and
Menelaus, one after another. Now, affifted by his heathen gene
rals and apoflate Jews, he flopped the daily facrifice ; rendered
the temple a fcene of idolatry and lewdnefs ; compelled the people
to eat Swines' flefh ; and, in fine, attempted, with all his might,
to deftroy every copy of the fcriptures, and every faithful wor-
fhipper of God. Meanwhile the Armenians and Perfians revolted.

Greeks and Roman i

quickly put an end to his
3840 ; Dan. xi. 21 — 35 ;

The Armenians he quickly reduced; but the Perfian mob gave
him a Surious repulSe while he attempted to plunder one of their
temples. Informed, in his way homeward, that Judas Macca
beus, and the faithful Jews who affifted him, had routed his ar
mies in Canaan, he furioufly vowed to extirpate their whole na
tion. Immediately a horrible diftemper feized on his body. His
flefh was filled with crawling worms, rotted, and fell off in pieces,
with intolerable torment and flench. Convinced that it was the
puniShment of his horrid abufe and perfecution of the Jews and
their worfhip, he Solemnly vowed to their God, that, iS he reco
vered, he would reftore their religion, and grant them the moft
advantageous instances of his favour. But his vows were in vain.
The inexpreffible torment and Stench
miferable life, near Babylon, A. M.
and viii, 9 — 14, 23 — 25.
Having languished a hundred years more amidft terrible con
tentions and miferies, the Syro-'grecian dominions, about 3939,
fell into the hands of the conquering Romans. About thirty-five
years after, thofe of Egypt Shared the fame fate. When the Ro
man empire was divided, A. D. 338, moft of that which had an
ciently pertained to the Greeks was allotted to the emperor of the
Eaft, who had his refidence at Conftantinople. Their territories
in Europe were fometimes terribly ravaged by the Goths, Huns,
&c. Thofe which were in Afia and Africa, about A. D. 640,
generally fell into the hands of the Saracens. From them they
pafled, about 400 years afterward, to the Seljukian Turks, For
about three or four hundred years pafl almoft the whole Grecian
empire has been fubject to the Ottoman Turks, by whofe oppref-
fion it is fearfully depopulated ; Dan. vii. 12; ii. 40 ; and xi. 40—
43; Zech. vi. 7; Rev. viii. 7 — 12; and ix.
XV. After the rich and bloody empire of the Affyrians and
Chaldeans; the prudently formed, moderately wealthy, bait in
active, and often bafely governed, empire of the Medes and Per
fians ; the rapidly formed and powerful, but quickly divided, em
pire of the brafs-armed Greeks ; had, according to the immutable
purpofes of God, and amidft difficulties unnumbered, fucceffively
Sprung up from contemptible origins ; and had finifhed their work,
and filled up the meafure of their iniquities, and then dwindled £acic
to their primary meannefs : the empire of the Romans, who
were defcended from Japheth by his fon Javan or Gomer, fuc
ceeded. In this Satan made a more ample difplay of earthly
glory, and erected a more powerful bulwark for the fupport of
iniquity, than had ever before exifled. In pride, avarice, mur
derous cruelty, and tyrannical oppreffion, chiefly of the people of
God, it refembled the preceding monarchies ; but in its common
wealth form, which was chiefly directed by two confuls, till at laft
it was divided into two parts, it differed from them. In policy,
power, extent, and terror to every oppofer, it far exceeded them.
Sprung from the bafeft origin, thefe Romans gradually conquered
the Italians, Spaniards, Helvetians, Gauls, Britons, Germans,
Pannonians, Illyrians, Dalmatians, Greeks, Thracians, Leffer
Afians, Pontians, Iberians, and Armenians, defcended from Ja
pheth : — and the Lydians, Mefopotamians, Syrians, Jews, and
Some Arabs, defcended from Shem. They enflaved the Etrufcan,
Pelafgian, Heraclean, Phencian, and Carthaginian, pofterity of
Canaan, — together with the Mauritanian, Getulian, Numidian,
Lybian, Cyrenian, and Egyptian, defcendants of Ham, in Africa.
Rome, which was the feat of their empire, Stands about 1200
miles north-weil of Jerufalem: but the empire itfelf extended
from north to fouth about 2600 ; from eaft to weft about 3000
miles. Their conquefts extended chiefly to the fouthward. They
fucceffively adopted feven different forms of government. For th;?
firft 200 years they had kings. From A. M. 3472 to 3960 they
were governed by confuls, tribunes, decemvirs, and dictators, in
their turns. After this to A. M. 4480, by emperors heathen and
Chriftian. From A. D. 476 to 556 they were governed by Ga-
6

INTRODUCTION.

Scripture hiftory of
thic kings. Since A. D. 756 the popes have been at once their fpi
ritual and their civil heads ; Zech. vi. 1—7; Dan. ii. 33,40—
43; and vii. 7, 8,23,24; Rev. xii. 3; xiii. 1 ; and xvii. 3, 9— 11.
About A. D. 44 a terrible famine, of feven years continuance,
affliSed the empire. Not long after, multitudes of earthquakes
happened in it, in Italy, Leffer Afia, and Canaan, and in the ifles
¦ of Crete, Samos, Chios, &c. Laodicea, Hierapolis, and Coloffe,
were quite overturned; Joel iii. 30; Matt. xxiv. 7; Luke xxi.
11; Actsxi. 28; and ii. 19, 20. The oppofition of the empe
rors Nero, Domitian, Trajan, and Adrian, to the every where
vidorious gofpel of Chrift, and their cruel perfecution of his fol-
¦lowers, drew upon their dominions the tremendous vengeance of
God. The noted victories of Vefpafian over the Jews in the firft
• century of the Chriftian , sera, and of Trajan over the Jews and
Parthians in the next, were quickly followed by fearful and bloody
difafters. While the Parthians and other heathens murdered the
Romans in other countries, the Jews, enraged with the ruin of
their nation, city, and temple, murdered about 500,000 or more of
them in Cyprus, Cyrene, and Egypt. The Slaughter of Jews un
numbered, in revenge of this, did but more and more weaken the
-empire; Rev. vi. 1 — 4. Whatever zeal Marcus Autelius and
Septirrrius Severus. difcovered for common equity, and for the fup-
port of their fubjects, their perfecution of the Chriftians iffued in
tuch Scarcity of proviiions, that people were obliged to eat their
victuals by weight and meafure ; and labourers were fcarcely able
to earn what was neceffary for their own fubfiftence ; Rev. vi. 5, 6.
In the third century of the Chriftian aera the Roman empire be-
-came more and more miferable. From 235 to 286 the Chriftians
were generally, and fometimes terribly, perfecuted, and millions of
them murdered. In God's juft refentment of this, twenty em
perors and thirty ufurpers, after making no fmall havock among
•their oppofers, or even their friend's, were cut off almoft all in a
-miferable manner. Moreover, while the Perfians in the eaft
plagued Syria and the countries adjacent, the Goths, Quadi, Sar-
-matae, Suevi, and Vandals, ravaged almoft all the Roman territo
ries in Europe. Few cities, and fcarcely one unwalled town,
.efcaped their infernal pillage and murder. Befides -fearful earth
quakes, a terrible peftilence, of 15 years continuance, pervaded
the*whole empire from fouth to north. Multitudes were left un-
buried. Dogs, and other ravenous animals, were So accuftomed
to human carrion, that they fometimes entered towns and devoured
the living; Rev. vi. 7, 8.
The fourth century opened with a terrible perfecution of the
Chriftians b - Diocletian and his fellow emperors, which lafted
ten years. All on a fudden God pleaded the caufe of his perfe
cted people, and poured his vengeance upon their heathen op-
preffors. While multitudes were" Swallowed up by earthquakes,
•or terrified by ill-boding omens in the Sky, Conftantine, being
elected emperor by his troops, and provoked by foe defigns of his
heathen partners in government, took arms againft the periecut-
in. emperors and their Caefars or fubordinate emperors. While
Dioclefian abandoned his imperial crown for a private life, Maxi-
minian, Galerius, Maximin, Maxentius, and Licinus, were fo
plagued with" repeated difcomfitures and difafters, that they hid
themfelves in dens and caves. While fome other principal perfe-
/cutors murdered themfelves in the moft defperate anguiih, Maxi
min and Licinus publicly acknowledged their difafters to be the
juft vengeance of Jefus Chrift upon them for perfecting his
peopfe. ^Multitudes of the heathen priefts, who had all along been
diitinguifhed inftigators of the perfecutions, were miferably de
stroyed. Even Maximin and Licinus murdered thoufands of them ;
becaufe, by their faife predictions of victory, they had decoyed
nto their ruinous wars with Conftantine. In fine, the hea-
tiip of the fun, moon, Stars and other idols, was abo-
Pfal. ii. 8, 9; xviii. 30—48;
-16 : xlvi. 6 — 8 j xlviii. 4 —

the Romans.

11

them i
then worfhip
li "h d by law ; .
xxi. 8—12 ; xx?
3

e fun,
Rev. vi
.v. 26

moon, 12 — 17 ;
27 ; xl. 14-

lix. 12—15; lx!jf- 23—^28; Ixviii.i, 2,12, 30; lxxix. 6—
13; Ixxxiii. 9 — 18; xciv. 24; xcvi. 13; xcviii. 9; Ixxn. 9;
ex. 5, 6; cxxxii. 18; and cxlix. 6 — 9; Prov. i. 24 — 32; If!
lxvi. 15 — 17 ; Joel iii. 9 — 16; Zeph. iii. 8; Hag. ii. 22; Mic,
iv. 13; and v. 5 — 15.
From A. D. 323^0 338 the Roman empire, now chriftianized
by law, enjoyed a Short repofe. Meanwhile Conftantine repaired
the ancient Byzantium, on the north-weft of the Euxine fea, and
called it Constantinople, after himfelf; and rendered it hi?
imperial feat. His death was followed by fearful calamities. The
cotemporary or feparate reigns of his three fons were chiefly
marked with mutual contentions one with another ; rebellions of
Maxentius, Sylvanus, and others; terrible ravages by the Perr
fians and Armenians in the eaft; and by the Alemans, Scots, and
Pits, in the weft. The Short reign of Julian their coufin was
principally noted for his crafty and cruel attempts to abolifh Chris
tianity and reftore heathenifm, and his ruinous loSs in the Perfian
wart In A. D. 364 Valentinian divided the empire with Valens
his brother ; after which this divifion generally remained. The
emperor of the weflern part refided at Rome, and the emperor of
the eaft at Conflantinople. Being now compofed oS ancient Ro
mans, conquered nations, and invading Scythians, the Roman
ftate became extremely weak and disjointed. Theodofius the
Great united its parts, and reftored it to Some degree oS its wonted
order and Strength. But he dying in 395, and dividing it to his Sons
Honorius and Arcadius, it gradually became more and more weak
and miferable. The Goths under Rhadagaifus and Alaric ravaged
Greece, Italy, &c. befieged Rome, murdered about a third part
of the imperial fubjects, and obliged the weflern emperor to allow
them Gaul (or France) and Spain for their refidence. In A. D.
410 Alaric again ravaged Italy, and burnt Rome. Meanwhile
other armies of Goths, Alans, and Vandals, almoft defolated Gaul
and Spain, and took poffeffion thereof. The Vandals crofted the
Mediterranean fea by the Straits of Gibraltar, and by terrible-
ravage, rendered themfelves matters of the Roman territories in
Africa, and there formed a powerful kingdom. — Attila, and his
infernal huns, for fourteen years ravaged Thrace, Greece, France,
and part of Italy, in the moft barbarous manner, putting almoft
every one they could find to the fword. The emperor Valentinian
III. by promising them an annual tribute, diverted them from their
intended attack upon Rome. To revenge the murder of this em
peror on his fubjects, Eudoxa his queen implored the affiftance of
the African Vandals. They, under Genferic their king, in A. D.
455 ravaged Sicily and Italy, pillaged Rome, and returned home
laden with fpoil. The weflern empire, now terribly defolated,
languished about twenty years more under eight Short and turbu
lent reigns. In A. D. 476 Odoacer, whom the Pleruli and other
barbarians had choSen Sor their king, depoSed the emperor Auguf-
tulus ; and tranflated the feat of his own royalty to Ravenna, an
other city of Italy. His kingdom had fcarcely lafted Sixteen years,
when Theodoric the Oftrogoth unhinged it, and founded another,
of about fixty-four years continuance. Hitherto the Roman con
fuls, Senate, and magiftrates, had alway maintained Some.. veftiges
of their ancient power and dignity. But Juftinian, the emperor
of Constantinople, having recovered Africa from the Vandals, and
part of Italy from the Goths, his fucceffor, Juftin-ll. A. D. 566,
totally abolidicd the distinguished honours of Rome, reduced it to
the fame level with the neighbouring cities, and made the exarch
of Ravenni, his deputy governor of it. The Romifh bifhop,
about A. D. 606, obtaining an imperial mandate by which he
was declared Universal Bishop, immediately began to gr.sfp at
civil power. In A. D. 756 he actually became prince of Rome
and the two territories adjacent, and reftored to that city part of
its ancient privileges^ The Succeeding popes attempted to extend
an imperial influence over the nation:. Plating- the croperor of
Constantinople, the Romans proclaimed Charles the' Great king

Scripture hiftory of the Arabs,

INTRODUCTION.

Iftjmaelites, or Saracens.

of France and Germany, their emperor. About A. D. 800 he
and the Pope eflablifhed the German empire inftead of the Ro
man; which healed head of the beafl will probably continue till the
glorious Millennium commence; Rev. viii. 1, 7 — 12; Zech. vi.
7 ; Dan. ii. 33, 41 — 43; and vii. 8 ; Rev. xiii. 2,3,15; and
xii. 3.
About A. D. 480 the weftern empire had begun' to be parcelled
out into ten toes or horns^ i. e. fovereign flares of barbarians,
who came from the eaft; viz. Huns, Oftrogoths, ViSogoths,
Franks, Vandals, Suevi and Alans, Burgundians, Heruli and Ru-
gians, Saxons, Lombards. — Bifhop Chandler claffes them thus :
the Oftrogoths in Maefia, the ViSogoths in Pannonia, the Suevi
and Alans in Spain and part of France, the Vandals in Africa, the
Franks in France, ,the Heruli and Thuringi in Italy, the Saxons
and Angles in Britain, the Huns in Hungary, the Lombards on
the banks of the Danube, and afterwards in Italy. Sir Ifaac
Newton arranges them thus : the Vandals and Alans in Africa and
Spain, the Suevi in Spain, the Vifogoths, the Alans in France,
the Burgundians, the Franks, the Britons, • the Huns, the Lom
bards, and the Exarchate of Ravenna. In the eighth century
Bifhop Newton arranges them thus : the Senate of Rome, the
Greek Exarchate of Ravenna, the Lombards, the Huns, the Ale-
mans, the Burgundians, the Franks, the Goths, the Britons, the
Saxons. Ever fince the fall of the Roman empire it has been ge
nerally parcelled out into ten diftinct fovereignties, notwithstand
ing frequent! alterations of their form, extent, &c. At prefent
We have the Slates of Italy, the two Sicilies, Portugal, Spain,
France, Britain, Holland, Germany, Hungary, and Switzerland:
or, by joining Holland, Hungary, or Switzerland, to Germany,
we may admit Turkey for a tenth. The different nations of
which thefe Slates were compofed, and their diverfified tempers and
laws, have, rendered their conftitutions weak and inconfiftent ;
Dan. ii. 33, 41 — 43 ; and vii. 7, 20 ; Rev. xii. 3 ; xiii. r ; and
xvii. 3, 12, 16. For almoft 1200 years paft thefe ten foVereign-
ties have, in whole or in part, fubmitted to the tyranny of the
Antichriftian Popes ; but when 1260, from the full manifeftation
of Popery, are finifhed, they fhall renounce his authority, and
employ their power to abolifh it. What, alterations thefe ten ftates
will undergo in their own form, by the general converfion of
mankind to Chrift in the Millennium, we know not; Rev. xiii.
1, 12 — 17; and xvii. 12 — 16; Dan. ii. 44, 45; and vii. 8, 11,
24 — 27.
XVI. Arabia is of great extent, reaching from Egypt on the
weft to Perfia on the eaft ; and from the Indian ocean on the fouth
to Canaan; nay, in the eaft parts, to Syria on the north. The
fouth part of it, between the Red fea and the Perfian gulf, was
peopled by the pofterity of Joktan ; Gen. x. 26 — 30; 1 Chron. i.
20 — 23. The north parts by the Ishmaelites, who, when
multiplied into their twelve tribes, Swallowed up moft of the de
fcendants of Keturah, Efau, and Lot; Gen. xvi. 10, 12; xvii.
20; xxi. 9 — 21; xxv. 12 — 18; 1 — 4; xxxvi. 1 — 16; and xix.
37, 38. Part of the Ilhmaelites anciently traded with the Egyp
tians in fpices; and long after with the Tyrians in fpices, ebony,
jewels, gold, ivory, precious clothes, and cattle; Gen. xxxvii.
25; Ezek. xxvii. 15, 20 — 22. But they have generally applied
themfelves to the management of flocks and herds, dwelling in
tents, and roving from place to place, as they found moft conve
nient for pafture; If. xiii. 20; xxi. 13.; and Ix. 6, 7 ; Ezek. xxv.
4, 5. They have in every age been distinguished for lewdnefs,
robbery, ravage, revenge, and murder ; and have been a common
nuifance and plague to mankind around them. It was the intereft
of each of the many conquerors who approached their territories
to extirpate them : but none has ever fo much as properly reduced
-them to fubjeetion ; Gen. xvi. ia. Some of them aSSifted the
Midianites againft Ifrael, and Shared in the vengeance cf Gideon
Vol. I,

Judg. vi. 3,' and viii. 24. They Sent Sriendly compliments to
Solomon. And perhaps the queen oS Sheba was an Arabian ;
1 Kings x. 1 — 15; 2 Chron. ix. 1— -14. Shifhak, the Egyptian
conqueror, was obliged to protect his kingdom from their depreda
tions by a deep ditch and line of defence. They complimented
Jehofliaphat with fome flocks ; but, quickly after, to their own
hurt, they joined in the grand alliance againft him ; 2 Chron. xvii.
10, 11 ; and xx. Pf. Ixxxiii. 6 — 17. They terribly ravaged Judea
under Jehoram his fon ; 2 Chron. xxi. 16, 17.
About A. M. 3200 the Gadites and Reubenites gave the eaftern
Ifhmaelites or Hagarenes a terrible defeat, and feizedon their ter
ritory and wealth; 1 Chron. v. 15 — 22. About 3290 the Affy
rians ravaged their country. Many of the Kedarenes were mur
dered, and their flocks carried off for a fpoil. The Dedanites fled
to the woods, where many of them perifhed by hunger. The
Kenites were carried prifoners to Nineveh; If. xxi. 13— j 7;
Num. xxiv. 21, 22. About A. M. 3420 Nebuchadnezzar the
Chaldean ravaged the northern parts of Arabia, put multitudes of
the Dedanites, Buzites, Temanitec, Scenites, and Kedarenes, to
the fword, burnt their cities, and carried off their wealth for a
prey ; Jer. xxv. 9, 23 — 25 ; and xlix. 30 — 33. Provoked by
their contempt of himfelf, or by their depredations on his fubjects,
Alexander the Great, about Aj M. 3678, in vain refolved to ex
tirpate them. Antigonus, his mighty general, who attempted to
fucceed him ; Pompey, the victorious Roman commander ; and
the emperors Auguftus, Trajan, and Severus ; attempted to re
duce or deftroy them in vain. Providence always, and fometimes
miraculoufly, maintained the independency of thefe wild defcend
ants of Abraham by Haga r; Gen. xvi. 12.
About A. D. 608 Mahomet, a crafty Ifhmaelite, affifted, it is
faid, by a villanous Jew and a treacherous Chriftian monk, under
pretence of reforming his countrymen's grofs idolatry, contrived a
religious fyftem, adapted to the then reigning tafte of Jews and
Chriftians as well as Heathens; promifing to thofe who. embraced
it manifold carnal enjoyments, both in time and in eternity. After
Spending about fourteen years in private attempts on his idolatrous
neighbours, he was obliged to flee from Mecca, the place of his
birth, to Medina, where he procured a considerable number of
followers, who were called Saracens. Encouraged by this, he
altered his plan, and began to propagate his tenets by fire and
fword. — While a preternatural darknefs of the fun, from June to
October, prefaged their ruinous influence, his army of Saracens
prodigioufly increafed. Like locufts and fcorpions, they chiefly
ravaged arid murdered the nations during the five months of fum-
mer: and it was about five prophetic months, or 150 years, before
their ruinous power began to decline. The ftrength of their ar
mies chiefly confifted in cavalry : and their incurfions were rapid
and violent. Dreffed with turbans or mitres, their heads ap
peared as if crowned ; and their captains reckoned themfelves on a
level with kings. They had beards as men ; but plaited their lian
as women. They pretended to a mafculine religion : but luft for
women, revenge, and cruelty, chiefly marked their character.
Their daring hearts and destructive weapons rendered their inroads
alarming and terrible. Their tail, the very fcum of their armies,
fpread mifery and death wherever they went; and the delufions
they propagated were ruinous and damning. ButAbubekr the
Calif, or fucceffor of Mahomet, made it a Standing law that none
fhould deftroy corn or fruit trees, or hurt any cattle, but when it
was neceffary for fubfiftence : and God fo managed their conquefts
and ravages, that his faithful fervants generally efcaped. Nor,
though they wrecked their fury upon empty and idolatrous Chrif
tians all along, from China to the Atlantic ocean, could they ever
rendjr themfelves matters of the Chriftian capitals pf Rome and
Constantinople, even though they pillaged the former and often
befieged the latter. By the direction of Satan, and of Mahomet

Scripture hiftory of Scythians,

INTRODUCTION.

Tartars, and Turh»x

and his Succeffors (Califs), eSpecially for the firft eighty years,
they murdered an infinity of mankind. In Afia they conquered
Arabia, Canaan, Syria, Chaldea, Perfia, Media, Armenia, Af-
fyria, with part of Leffer Afia, India, and Tartary. In Africa
they conquered Egypt, Nubia, Lybia, Barbary, Fez, and Mo
rocco, and other countries on the north of the river Senegal. In
the Mediterranean they feized upon Cyprus, Sicily, and many
other iflands. In Europe they conquered Portugal and Spain,
with part of Italy and France. From A. D. 760 to 910 their
power was either at a Stand, or more generally on the decline.
Their fetting up other Califs in oppofition to the mighty lords of
Bagdad; the religious differences between the Perfians and other
Mahometans, and the terrible animofity occafioned thereby ; the
SucceSs of the Chriftians in Spain ; and the perpetual inroads and
growing power of the Seljukians in Perfia ; greatly weakened
their authority. Tangrolipix the Seljukian Turk, about A. D.
1040 or 1055, rendered himSelf fovereign of Perfia, Stripped the
Calif of Bagdad, who was the chief, of his civil authority, leaving
him but a mere Shadow of fpiritual power.
In A. D. 1260 the Jenghizan Tartars utterly abolifhed the
'Califate of Bagdad. Moftanfer the Calf efcaped to Egypt, where
he and his fucceffors enjoyed a Shew of fpiritual government, till,
in 1525, that country was conquered by the Ottoman Turks. In
A. D. 16 10 the Spaniards drove about 900,000 Saracens and
Moors out of their country. For more than 400 years paft the
Ottoman Turks have poffeffed a great part of their ancient con
quefts. Others, of Tartarian original, have ftill longer poffeffed
their kingdoms of Perfia, Indoftan, &c. Thus thefe Ishmael-
3TES or Saracens are, after an amazing blaze of earthly grandeur,
reduced to, if not below, their ancient bafenefs. They neverthe-
lefs maintain their wonted independency; and ftill oblige the
haughty Sultans of Constantinople to pay them a yearly tribute of
40,000 crowns, as the condition of their allowing the Turkifh
pilgrims a Safe paffage to Mecca their holy city ; Rev. ix. 1 — 1 1 ;
Dan. xi. 40; Gen. xvi. 12.
XVII. The Scythians, Tartars, and Turks, are the offspring
of Japheth by Magog, and perhaps fome others of his fons ; Gen.
x. 2; Ezek. xxxviii. xxxix. They have multiplied exceedingly;
and have often made the moft terrible irruptions into Europe or
Southern Afia. About A. M. 3370, under Madyes or Oguz
Khan, they ravaged Weftem Afia. It Seems they intended to
have penetrated into Egypt, had not PSammitticus, by flattery and
compliments, diverted them. It was not till aSter twenty-eight
years, and the maffacre of their chiefs by Cyaxares* orders, that
they evacuated Media, or fubmitted to its king. Much about the
fame period they feem to have conquered China. About A. M.
3510 the Scythians carried on a furious war with Darius Hyftafpis
the Perfian. About A. D. 3754 the Parthians founded a powerful
kingdom in Eaftern Perfia, which continued 482 or 475 years.
Before the birth of our Saviour the Dacians had begun to ravage
the north-eaft parts of the Roman empire ; but were reduced by
the emperor Trajan about A. D. no. — The Sarmatse began their
ravaging of Germany about A. D. 69 ; but were reduced by the
Huns about 450, and more fully by the Goths about 500. The
Alans began ravaging Media about A. D. 70, and Europe 120 ;
and at laft fettled in Spain about 409. The Suevi began their ra
vages about A. D. 85 ; fixed their refidence in Spain 409 ; and
were fubdued by the Goths about 585. The Vandals began their
murderous incurfions about A. D. 166. They ravaged all along
from Germany to the Atlantic ocean, croffed the Mediterranean
fea, and erected a kingdom in Africa, 407. Iffuing from thence,
about 455, they ravaged Sicily and Italy, and pillaged Rome ; but,
about 536, were fubdued by Juftinian the emperor of Conftanti-
nople. Perhaps the Galles or Giagas, in the heart of Africa, are
part of their murderous defcendants, About, if not before, A. D.

215, the Goths began their terrible ravages of the Roman empire.
In A. D. 410 they took and burnt Rome; and about the fame
time fixed their refidence in Italy, Gaul, and Spain, About A. D.
250 the Franks began their ravages ; and about 420 Settled in
Gaul, which, from them, has been fince called France. The
Heruli began their ravages about A, D. 256; and, along with-
others, abolifhed the Roman empire in 476 : but, within about
fixty years, were once reduced by the Oftrogoths, and again by
the emperor Juftinian. " About A. D. 257 the Burgundi began
their ravages, but were reduced by the Franks about 534. About
269 the Gepidaa began their incurfions; but about 572 the Lom
bards, who had juft before eflablifhed a powerful kingdom in, Italy,
fubdued the reft. The Lombards themfelves were reduced by
Charles the Great of France and Germany about 200 -years after.
From A. D. 376 the Huns committed the moft terrible ravages
through a great part of Europe, and at laft fettled in Hungary.
About the fame time the Haiathelite or Ephthalite Huns committed
the moft Shocking depredations in the kingdom of Perfia. From
about A. D. 485 to 1390 the Bulgars frequently ravaged the eaft
ern empire ; but were at laft reduced by the Ottoman Turks.
Whether the Saxons, who fo furioufly warred in Germany, ani
who murdered the Britons of England and dwelt in their ftead ; and
the Marcomans, Alemans, and Quadi, who bore their part in
ravaging the Roman empire ; were alfo of a Scythian or Tartar
original, we cannot determine : nor can we fay what defolations
were made in Tartary by the emigration of fuch multitudes to
wards the weft. But it is certain that, by murdering the old in
habitants and one another, a great part of Europe was rendered a
Shambles of bloodfhed and war, and turned into a comparative de'
fert. Nor till many ages afterwards were thefe countries mode
rately peopled or cultivated. So general was the deftruction, that
the laws, and even the language, of the Romans or natives were
extirpated ; and the language of the ravagers, and their feudal
fyftem, inhuman diverfions, and probations of caufes, were every
where introduced. Thus the toes of the image appeared, as
formed of iron and clay ; and the grizzled horfes of the fourth cha
riot walked to and fro in the earth; Dan. ii. 33, 41—43; Zech.
vi. 7 ; Rev. vi. 4, 8 ; and viii. 7 — 12.
About A. D. 1000 Mahmud Gazni, with an army of Tartars
and others, founded the empire of the Gaznevides in the Eaft In
dies, which continued for fome ages powerful and flourishing.
While the power of the Saracens was on the decline multitudes of
Turks had gradually poured themfelves, from the north-eaft, into
Perfia and Mefopotamia. They formed four fultanies or king
doms, near to the Euphrates ; that of Bagdad in A. D. 1040 or
1055, of Damafcus and Aleppo in 1079, andoflconium in 1080.
The firft was by far the moft powerful. For more than 200-
years God, by their own mutual contentions, and by the invafions
of the European Croifades for the recovery of Canaan, and by the
invafions of the Tartars, reftrained their motions, and kept them,
as it were, bound by the river Euphrates. Arifen from the fmalleft
beginnings, Jenghiz Kan, an eaftern Tartar, and his fons, be
tween 1200 and 1260, conquered moft of Afia, and the eaft of
Europe, to the frontiers of Germany. Befides feveral fmaller
Slates in India, &c. they formed the three powerful empires of
Kipjak, partly in Europe, and of China and Perfia in Afia. None
of thefe continued refpectable in the Jenghizan family beyond
the 9th or 10th generation. About A. D. 1400 Tamerlain, with
an huge army of Tartars, overran Weflern Afia, murdered an in
finity oS mankind, many of them in cold blood, and founded the
two powerful empires of Perfia and Indoftan ; the laft of which,
comprehending about thirty-two kingdoms on this fide the
Ganges, is ftill governed by his Mogul defcendants. Thus God
has multiplied Japheth, and made him dwell in the tents of Shem >
Gen. ix. 27 ; Rev. ix. 14.

Scripture hiftory of the

INTRODUCTION.

T'urh mid Ifraelites.

To avoid the fury of the Jenghizan Tartars, Soliman Shah, a
Turkifh lord, with his three Sons, attempted to crofs the Euphrates
to the weftward. He was drowned in his paffage. His two elder
fons returned home and Submitted to the enemy ; and not long
after Ortogrul the youngeft, with his fons, Condoz, Sarubani,
and Othman, crofted the river, and obtained from the Seljukian
fultan of Iconium a fettlement on the weflern borders of Armenia.
Othman, from whom the Turks are ftill called Ottomans, be
coming a valiant captain, many of the Seljukians deferted their
own fultans and joined him. With thefe he frequently routed the
Straggling Tartars or his Chriftian neighbours. His victories
made the Ottoman bands prodigioufly increate. The ftrength oS
their armies generally confifted in hortemen, oS whom they have
Sometimes had a million in pay. Dreffed in blue, fcarlet, or yel
low livery, they were extremely furious, defperate, and cruel ;
horrid blafphemers ; and mad with zeal" for the Mahometan delu-
fion. Affifted by newly-invented fire arms of a monftrous fize,
protected by Sparkling breaflplates, and fleeted in heart with cou
rage and fury, for almoft 400 years they fpread the moft tremend
ous ravage and murder among the apoftate Chriftians in the weft
of Afia and fouth-eaft of Europe. They began their conquefts
with the taking of Kutahi in Afia, A. D. 1281 or 1302, and
ended them with the taking of Kaminiek in Poland 1672, or at
the peace of Carlowitz in 1698. Under their emperors, Oth
man, Orchan, Amurath I. Bajazet I. (whom Tamerlain the Tar
tar fo terribly routed, and carried about in an iron cage), Maho
met I. Amurath II. Mahomet II. Bajazet II. Selim I. Soli-
man, Selim II. Amurath III. and Mahomet IV. they made them
felves mailers of the whole of the eaftern Romifh empire, from
Ethiopia on the fouth to Poland on the north, and from near the
Cafpian fea on the eaft to the Straits of Gibraltar on the weft.
Few countries, mentioned in fcripture, efcaped their conquering
fury. Thofe which they fubdued, though anciently populous,
rich, and fertile, were, by their murders and tyrannical oppref-
fions, rendered a comparative deSert. Inftead oS hundreds or thou
sands of wealthy and populous cities, none, except Constantinople
in Europe ; Smyrna, Bagdad, Aleppo, and Erzerum in Afia ;
Cairo and Alexandria of Egypt ; to which we can Scarcely add
Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, in ASrica; now deServe much
notice; Gen. ix. 27 ; Zech. vi, 7 ; Rev. ix. 12 — 21 ; Dan, xi.
40—43- What tidings from the north and eaft fhall hereafter terrify the
Ottoman empire we know not: but in the beginning of the Mil
lennium we expect the Turks, and their Perfian, Ethiopian, Ly-
bian, and Arabian, allies, to attack the Jews when juft converted
to the Chriftian faith and returned to Canaan, and miferably to
perifh in the attempt, leaving their carcafes to fatten the fields,
and their wealth for a fpoil ; Dan. xi. 44, 45 ; Ezek. xxxviii.
xxxix. In the end of that happy period we expect the defcendants
of Magog, Ruffians, Tartars, and Turks, or other like favages,
with their wicked auxiliaries, to attempt an utter destruction of
the Chriftians; but to be deftroyed by fome ruinous plague ; Rev.
xx. 8, 9.
XVIII. Notwithstanding God's destruction of the old world by
a flood, to purge away its univerfal corruption, mankind quickly
returned to their wonted wickednefs, or invented new methods of
guilt : and therefore, to preferve religion among them, God Se
lected a peculiar nation Sor himSelf. For about 2000 years the
Jewifh or Hebrew defcendants of Shem were the diftinguifhed
people of God ; Gen. ix. 26. Abraham himfelf was, for this
purpofe, Separated from the reft of mankind ; and he and his pro-
mifed feed, *'. e. thofe only by Ifaac and Jac cb, were by Solemn
covenant adopted into peculiar relation to the Moft High. While
•Abraham himSelS was a blefling to the nations around, he was alSo
highly favoured by God ; and Ifaac and Jacob were conceived by a

Supernatural influence ; and were, in like manner, by their in
structions, example, and ©therwiSe, rendered public bleffings to
mankind. A feed, numerous as the f and, was promifed to thefe
divinely-confederated Patriarchs. But, to exercife their faith and
patience, it had, during the firft 215 years, increafed to no more
than 70 perfons. In the laft half of the 430 years, prefcribed by
God for their wandering condition, it increafed into about three
millions, men, women, and children, notwithftanding terrible
oppreffion, and manifold attempts to murder their male children ;
Gen. xii. i — 3 ; xiii. 16 ; xv. 4, 5, 13, 14, 16 ; xvii. 4 — 7, 16,
19, 21; xviii. 10, 14; xxi. 1 — 8, 12; xxii. 17, 18; xxv. 21 — ¦
34; xxvi. 3, 4; xxvii. 22 — 29; xxviii. 3, 14, 15; xxxi. 13;
and xxxv. 1 1. — Gen. xlvi. Exod. i. Deut. vii. 7 ; x. 22 ; and
xxvi. 5; Jofh. xxiv. 2 — 4; Pfal. cv. 6 — 24; If. Ii. 2; Acts vii.
2—18. When the Hebrews had fojourned in Egypt about 215 years,
and had for almoft an hundred been cruelly oppreffed, God, not
withftanding their finfulnefs and many compliances with the hea
then abominations, did, in A. M. 2513, miraculoufly bring them
forth from their bondage with great honour and wealth ; and, by
tenfold plagues, feverely punifhed their Egyptian persecutors;
Gen. xv. 14, 16 ; xlvi. 4; and 1. 24, 25; Exod. i — xiv. Deut.
xi. 2 — 4; iv. 20, 34, 37 ; v. 15; vi. 12, 21, 22; vii. 8, 18,
19; ix. 26 ; xiii. 10 ; xvi. 1; and xxvi. 6 — 8; Jofh. xxiv. 5 — ¦
7 ; Judg. ii. 1; and x. II ; I Sam. xii. 6, 8; Neh. ix. 9 — n ;
PS. Ixvi. 5 — 12; lxxvii. 14 — 20; cxiv. 1 ; Ixxx. 8; lxxxi. 5 — «
7; Ixxviii. 12,43 — 52 5 cv. 26 — 38; cvi. 7 — 12; exxxv. 8, 9 ;
exxxvi. 10 — 15; lxxiv. 12 — 15; and Ixxxix. 10; IS. Ii. 9, 10;
and lxiii. 9 — 15; Jer. xxxii. 20,21 ; and ii.6; Ezek. xvi. 2 — 7;
xx. 5 — 10 ; and xxiii. 3 ; Acts vii. 18 — 36 ; and xiii. 17.
Notwithftanding their Srequent murmurings,- renewed rebel
lions, and repeated idolatries, God for forty years guided and
protected them in the wildernefs by a miraculous pillar of cloud;
fed them with manna from heaven, and with water from the flinty
rocks of Rephidim and Kadefh; and twice regaled them with the
flefh of quails. In the moft folemn manner he gave them his laws,
and appointed them governors in church and State for the execu
tion of them. His tabernacle was erected among them, and their
tents regularly pitched around it. And, having by diverfified
plagues cut off that wicked generation who contemned his pro
mifed Canaan, he, by a miraculous paffage through Jordan, and
by manifold victories over the natives, gave them the poffeffion of
that country. His tabernacle was erected in the middle of the
land, his covenant of peculiar friendship renewed with them, and
the influences of his Holy Spirit remarkably bellowed upon them;
Gen. xii. 2,7; xiii. 14 — 17; xv. 7 — 21 ; xvii. 7, 8, 21 ; xxi.
12; xxii. 17, 18; xxiv. 60 ; xxvi. 3, 4; xxvii. 28, 29; xxviii.
3, 4, 13 — 15; xxxv. 11, 12; and 1. 24,25; Exod. iii, 8; vi.
4 — 8; xv. 13 — 17; xxiii. 23 — 31; xxxiii. 14; and xxxiv. 10,
11; Num. xiv. 31; xv. 1 ; xxvi. 53 — 55; xxxiii. 51 — 54 j
xxxiv. and xxxv. 10 ; Deut. i. 7, 8; iv. I; v. 16 ; vi. 1, 3,

Vlll. 7 — 9; IX. I  3; XI. 10, 21 —
1; xxx. 18, 20; xxxi. 13; xxxii.
4; Jofh. i. 2 — 6; iii. 10 — 13; vi.
viii. 1, 2 ; x. 8; and xi. 6.  Exod. xv — xl. Lev. i —
Num. i — xxxvi. Deut. i — xxxiv. Jofh. i — xxiv. Neh. ix.

1, 2, 20 — 24
10, 29 ; xxvi.
xxxiii. and xxxiv

10, 10; vn.
25; xii. 9,
8-14; 3— Si
xxvii. 12 — 25; Pfal. xliv. 3, 4; Ixvi. 11, 12; lxxvii. 14 — 20; Ixxviii.
12 — 55; lxxx. 8— 11; xc. xcv- 8 — 11; xcix. 6 — 8; cv. 39 —
45; cvi. 7 — 33; cvii. 1 — 7; cxiv. 1 — 8; exxxv. 10 — 12; and
exxxvj. 16 — 22; If. xlviii. 21; and lxiii. 9 — 14; Jer. ii. 2, 3,6,
7 ; xxxi. 2 ; and xxxii. 21, 22 ; Ezek. xvi. 2 — 14; and xx. 10—
23, 35; Acts vii. 36 — 45; and xiii. 18, 19.
Their Situation and fate in Canaan exactly corresponded with
the benedictions of Jacob and Mofes; Gen. xlix. Deut. xxxiii.
Their territory was about 180 miles in length from north to
e 2

Scripture hiftory of the Hebrews, INTRODUCTION.

or Ifraeiites.

South, and 80 in breadth from eaft to weft. The river Jordan,
(which, taking its rife in Lebanon, and running fouthward, formed
in its courfe the lake of Merom, and the far larger fea of Cinne-
reth, Galilee, or Tiberias), together with the brooks and rivulets
which croffed the country, and a multitude, of fruitful hills and
valleys, rendered it exceedingly pleafant and fertile. Lebanon on
the north, Hermon and Gilead on the eaft, Tabor in the middle,
and North Carmel on the weft, were fome of the more delightful
mountains. This territory comprehended about 9,231,000 acres of
ground, which, after faving perhaps two millions for the Levitical
cities, and for the chiefs of families, allowed each of the 601,730
warriors who conquered it about twelve acres a-piece, The ara
ble grounds yielded fometimes fi'xty or an hundred fold. The
rich paftures produced large quantities of milk and honey. Thus,
by the blefling of God, their land was fully capable of maintaining
its numerous Inhabitants. The Reubenites, Gadites, and half
tribe of Manaffeh, had their portions on the eaft of Jordan; Num.
xxxii. Deut. Iii. Jofh, xiii. The portion of the Reubenites
lay on the north-eaft of the Dead fea of Sodom, and north of the
river Anion. It included Peor, Nebo, and Pifgah, hills which at
prefent make a very rugged appearance. Their principal cities were
Hefhbon, Jahaz, Bamoth-baal, Beth-peor, Medeba, Adam, Shit-
tim, Bezer, Mephaath, Beth-jefhimoth, &c; part of which the
Moabites afterwards took from them; Num. xxxii. 3, 37, 38;
Deut. iii. 12, 16; Jofh. xiii. 15 — 21 ; and xxi. 36, 37; 1 Chron.
vi. 78, 79 ; with IS. xv. 2, 4, 6 ; and xvi. 9; Jer. xlviii. 21 — 24.
Northward of the Reubenites the children of Gad had their inhe
ritance, in a foil more plain and fertile. Their principal cities
xvere Dibon, Ataroth, Aroer, Jazer, Enon, Succoth, Penuel,
Mahanaim, Eaft Mizpeh, Ramoth-gilead, &c. ; part of which
were afterwards Seized by the Ammonites and Moabites; Num.
xxxii. 34 — 36; Jofh. xiii. 24 — 28; and xxi. 38, 39; 1 Chron.
vi. 80, 81 ; with Jer. xlviii. 21 — 24; and xlix. 2. Northward of
the Gadites, in the large territory of Galilee of the Gentiles,
were feated the Eaftern Manassites. Their principal cities were
Edrei, Athtaroth, Golan, Gefhur, Sharon, Jabefh-gilead, Cho-
razin, BethSaida, Girgafha, Gadara, &c. ; Num. xxxii. 39 — 42;'
Deut. iii. 14, 15; Jofh. xiii. 29—31; 1 Chron. vi. 71; Matt.
xi. 21 ; Luke viii. 26. Nine tribes and an half had their portions
on the weft of Jordan. In the fouth parts, weftward of the Dead
fea, Judah had a large inheritance of about an hundred fenced
cities, among which were Libnah, Makkedah, Azekah, Engaddi,
Adullam, Hebron, South Beth-lehem, Beth-fhemefh, Gath, Ekron,
AShdod, AShkelon, and Gaza ; which laft five the Philiftines
long retained ; Jofh. xv. and xxi. 13 — 16; 2 Chron. xi. 5 — 10 ;
Neh. xi. 25 — 30. The Simeonites had their portion out OS the
fouth-weft part of the territory of Judah. Their chief cities were
Beer-fheba, Hormah, Ziklag, &c. Jofh. xix. 2 — 8. The Ben-
jamites had a fmall Strip along the north border of Judah: it
included Jericho, Beth-el, Gibeon, Gibeah, Ramah, Gilgal,
Mizpeh, Bahurim, Nob, Anathoth, Lod, Hadid, and Ono, and
the northern half of Jerufalem; Jofh. xviii. 11 — 28; Neh- xi.
31 — 35; Jofh. xxi. 17, 18; 1 Chron. vi. 60; Ezra ii. 33.
The Danites had their portion on the weft of the Benjam'ites.
Their chief cities viere Zorah, Efhtaol, South Gath-rimmon,
Aijalon, Ekron, Gibbethon, if not alfo Joppa; Jofh. xix. 40 —
47; and xxi. 23, 24; 1 Chron. vi. 69. Along the north border
©f Berjamin and Dan the Ephraimites had their portion. It
abounded with pleafant hills; Ephraim, Gerizzim, Ebal, Zalmon
or Salmon, he. The principal cities were Sharon, Lydda, two
Beth-horons, Shechem, Samaria, Beth-el, Shiloh, Najoth, Ge-
zer, Sic. Northward of this was the portion of the Weflern
Manassites. Their principal cities were Taanach, Beth-fhean,
Endor, Megiddo, Salem, Bezek, Thebez, North Gath-rimmon,
Tirasnh, Ceiarea, Antipatrisj Jofh. xvi. xvii. and xxi. 21—25;

Gen. xiv. 18 ; 1 Sam. xi. 8 ; Judg. ix.
1 Kings xvi. 8, 9 ; Ads ix. 35, 36; and

I Chron. vi. 66—70 ;
47—50; and i. 27;
xxiii- 3l> 33- Along the north border of thefe Manaffites was
feated the tribe of Issachar- Their chief cities were Kifhion,
North Jarmuth, Tabor, Nain, Jezreel, Aphek, &c. Here were
the mounts Tabor, Gilboa, and North Carmel, and the famed
valley of Jezreel ; Jofh. xix. 17 — 23; and -xxi. 28, 29; 1 Chron.
vi. 72, 73; Luke vii. 11 ; 1 Kings xxi. 1 ; xx. 30; and xviii.
20; Judg. iv. 6; and viii. 18; 1 Sam. xxxi. 1 ; IS. xxxv. 2;
HoS. i. 5. Along the north border of the men of Iffachar the Ze-
bulunites had their portion. Which, as well as the three pre-
ceeding, extended all along from Jordan on the eaft to the Medi
terranean fea on the weft ; and contained the rivers Kifhon and
Belus, if not alfo part of mount Tabor. The chief cities were
Cinnereth, or Tiberias, Cana of Galilee, Gennefaret, North
Beth-lehem, Sic; Jofh. xix. 10 — 16; and xxi. 34, 35; Judg. i.
30; John vi. 1 ; and ii. 1 ; Matt. xiv. 34. Northward of the
Zebulunites, on the weft fide, were feated the tribe of Asher :
whofe principal cities were Rehob, North Hebron or Abdon,
Aphik, Beth-fhemefh, Kanah, Accho or Ptolemais ; Jofh. xix.
24—31; and xxi. 30, 31 ; Judg. i. 31 ; 1 Chron. vi. 74, 75 j
Acts xxi. 7 : — And on the eaft fide was the portion of the Naph-
thalites ; whofe principal cities were Hammath, Ramah, Hazor,
Kedefh, Beth-fhemefh, Kirjath-fepher, Capernaum, &c; Jofh.
xix. 32 — 38 ; and xxi. 32 : 1 Chron. vi. 76 ; Judg. i. 33 ; Marti
xi. 23. This and the three next preceding portions lay moftly in
Lower or Weflern Galilee.
In correfpondence with the legal difpenfation they were under,
and that they might be Standing emblems of the people of God iii
their imperfect ftate, the Hebrews were generally happy or mifer
able as they obeyed or difobeyed the divine Lord of their country.
Neglect to extirpate the idolatrous Canaanites iffued in their fud-
den and often-repeated apoftafy Srom God to the like abominations.
This Jehovah punifhed with repeated and grievous oppressions,
by the MeSopotamians, the Moabites, the Canaanites, the Mi
dianites, the Ammonites, and Philiftines. But, upon their re
pentance, he delivered them by Othniel, Ehud, Barak, Gideon,
Jepthah, SamSon, and Samuel, their judges; Deut. iv — xiii.
xxviii — xxxii. Exod. xxiii. 24, 32, 33; and xxxiv. 12 — 17;
Lev. xviii. 24 — 30 ; Num. xxxiii. 52 — 56; Deut. vii. 2 — 5, 16,
25, 26; xviii. 9 — 12; and xx. 16 — 18; Jofh. xxiii. 4 — ,16; and
xxiv. 20; Judg. i — xxi. 1 Sam. i — vii. Neh. ix. 26 — 31; PSal.
cvi. 34 — 46; and Ixxviii. 56 — 67; 2 Kings xvii. 7 — 23; Ezek.
xx, 25 — 29; and xvi. 15 — 34.
About A. M. 2909, or rather twenty or thirty years later, the
Hebrews, wearied of their immediate fubjeetion to God and his
occafional deputy judges, defired to have a king like their heathen
neighbours. Their Sinful define was granted ; but it did not alter
the tenor of their happinefs and mifery to their advantage. Under
Saul, their firft king, they were reduced to the very brink of ruin:
but under David and Solomon, who fucceeded him, their glory
and happinefs were advanced to the higheft, correfpondent to the
bleffings of Ifaac, Jacob, and Mofes. The whole of the Canaan
ites who remained among them were reduced to Slavery: and all
the nations, from the river of Egypt on the fouth-weft to the

Euphrates on the north-eaft, Philiflines, Edomites, Moabites,
Ammonites, and Syrians, were rendered their tributaries; Lev..
xxvi. Deut. iv — xii. xxviii. and xxxii. 15 — 43; 1 Sam. viii. 11 —
18; xii. 14,15,25; xvi. 1 — 13; xxiii. 17; xxiv. 20; xxv. 30;
and xxvi. 25; 2 Sam. vii. 10—16; 1 Chron. xvii. 9—14; Gen.
xxvii. 28, 29; and xlix. Deut. xxxiii. Pfal. xx. xxi. Ix. Ixvi. and
lxxxix. 3, 4, 19 — 29; andlxxii, cxxxii. 1 Sam. viii — xxxi. 2 Sam.
i— xxiv. 1 Chron. x— xxix. 1 Kings i — x. 2 Chron. i — ix. Pfal.
xviii. cxliv. and Ixxviii. 67 — 72.
To punifb. the apoftafy of Solomon and his fubjects, God, be-

Scripture hiftofy of

INTRODUCTION.

the Jews.

fore his death, began to chaftife them, by means of Hadad the Edo-
mite, and of Rezon the Syrian. Immediately after it the ten
tribes of Ephraim, Manaffeh, Simeon, Dan, Reuben, Gad, Iffa-
char, Zebulun, Afher, and Naphtali, in A. M. 3075, revolted
from the royal family of David, and formed a diftinct kingdom of
their own; which, under nineteen wicked fovereigns, of nine
different families, continued 254 years. To prevent their tra
velling up to the folemn feafls at Jerufalem, Jeroboam an Ephraim-
ite, their firft king, eflablifhed among them the idolatrous vvorfhip
of the golden calves. To thefe Omri and Ahab added other ido
latrous abominations, ftill more hateful. Notwithftanding the
faithful warnings of .rthijah the Shilonite, and of the man of God
from Judah, and of Jehu the fon of Hanani, and of Micaiah, and
of the wonder-wotking Elijah, and Elifha, and oS Jonah, Amos,
Hofca, and other prophets in their refpective ages, the ten tribes
continued obftinate in their iniquity, particularly, in worfhipping
the calves of Beth-el and Dan. The frequent murder of their
kings, efpecially juft before the ruin of their monarchy, and the
civil wars attending it; their repeated wars with the kingdom of
Judah ; and efpecially the invafions of the Syrians and Aflyrians ;
rendered them generally miferable. The craft of Jeroboam I.
the valour of Baafha, the miraculous victories of Ahab, the fuc-
cefsful wars of Jehoafh, Jeroboam II. and Pekah, quickly iffued
in the ruin of their families and diftrefs of their kingdom. Of the
eleven cotemporary kings of Judah, only Afa, Jehofhaphat, and
Jotham, were indifputably pious ; and profperity attended their
reigns, and that of Uzziah. Rehoboam's inconftancy, and
Joafh's apoftafy, were punifhed by Egyptian and Syrian invafions.
Under the wicked reigns of Jehoram, Ahaziah, and Ahaz, the
nation was reduced to the very brink of deftruction. Ignorance ;
ingratitude ; contempt of God, and his oracles and ordinances ;
breach of covenant with him ; idolatry, devilifh divinations ; al
liances with heathens around, and dependence on them inftead of
God; pride; hypocrify; fcornful obftinacy in wickednefs ; neglect
of relative duties ; felfifhnefs ; hatred ; bloodfhed ; luxury ; lewd-
nefs ; injuftice ; oppreffion ; falfehood ; deceit ; envy ; covetouf-
nefs ; and every fimilar form of iniquity; having long prevailed
among all ranks in Ifrael and Judah, God, by the Affyrians, fear
fully punifhed them. After Pul and Tiglath-pilefer had diftreffed
, and weakened the kingdom of Ifrael, Shalmanefer quite deftroyed
it in A. M. 3283: and, with Efarhaddon his grandfon, about forty
years after, carried off the poor remains of the ten tribes to Media
and other eaftern parts of their empire ; whence few, if any of
them, even returned to Canaan. From A. M. 3290 to 3294 Sen
nacherib terribly ravaged the kingdom of Judah, and took moft,
if not all, their fenced cities, except Jerufalem. But, when he
had brought up his forces to attack that facred capital, God, in
anfwer to Hezekiah's and Ifaiah's prayers, by an angel, cut off
185,000 of them in one night, and delivered th« city; Lev. xxvi.
14 — 39; Deut. iv. 25 — 28; xxviii. 15 — 68; xxix. 18 — 28; xxx.
18; xxxi. 16 — 20; and xxxii. 15 — 30; Jofh. xxiii. 13 — 16;
and xxiv. 20; 1 Sam. xii. 25; % Sam. vii. 14 — 16; 1 Chron.
xvii. 13, 14; Pf. Jxxxix. 30 — 51 ; 1 Kings ix. 6 — 9; xi. 9 — 13,
26 — 39; xiv. 7 — 16; xvi, 2 — 4; xvii. 1; xviii. 41,45; xx. 13,
28, 42; xix. 17; xxi. 21 — 24, 29» aiJd xx'i- J5> I7> 28;
2 Chron. xviii. 6, 27 ; 2 Kin. i. 6, 16; and iii. 17,18; 2 Chron.
xx. 15 — 17; Pf. Ixxxiii. 1— 18; 2 Chron. xxi. 12 — 15; and
xxiv. 20 ; 2 Kings ix. 6 — 10 ; x. 30 ; viii. 10 — 13; xiii. 17 —
195 and xiv.. 25 ;, Hof. i. 4, 5 ; Amos vii. 9; and ii — ix. Mic.
i — iii. iv. 11 — 13 ; 'and vi. vii. Hof. i. ii. 2 — 13; and iv —
xiii. If. i — x. xvii. xxii — xxiv.  1 Kings xi — xxii.. 2 Kings
i — xix. 2 Chron. x— xxvi. xxxii. 2 Kings xvii. 7 — 23 ; If. xxxvi
—xxxix. Though die Jews had been feverely punifhed for their hypocrify
and lukewarmnefs in the reformation attempted by king Hezekiah,

and notwithftanding the manifold warnings of Hofea, Ifaiah,
Micah, and other prophets, yet they ungratefully abufed their
deliverance from the Affyrians, and the unnumbered mercies of
both church and ftate confequent thereto. A moft Shocking fcene
of idolatry, murder, witchcraft, and every thing horrid, opened
under king Manaffeh, about A.M. 3306; which, notwithstand
ing his own repentance, and the piety and zealous reformation of
Jonah his grandfon, iffued in the ruin of the ftate. After Jofiah's
death in A. M. 3394, both kings and fubjects abandoned them
felves to the moft enormous impieties; — to contempt and forget-
fulnefs of God ; to hypocriiy in, or profane neglect or abufe of,
his worfhip ; to carnal confidence in themSelves or their heathea
allies; to profane fwearing, and open violation of the Sabbath ; to
neglect of relative duties, and want of natural affection; to hatred,
murder, luxury, whoredom, perverting of judgment, falfehood,
flander, and covetoufnefs. To punifh thefe and their other enor
mities, under Manaffeh and Anion, the Lord gave them up into-
the hands, firft of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and then of Nebu
chadnezzar the king of Babylon. He, in different invafions,,
wafted their country, carried captive their princes and people whoy
efcaped his fword, and in A. M. 3416 burnt their cities and tem
ple, and rendered their land a defolate wildernefs. While Daniel
and oti-ers, who were firft carried prisoners to Babylon, were-
kindly, and fometimes honourably, ufed, thofe who came after were
treated with much feverity, contempt, and denfion. Such of the
poor as were left in Canaan, and thofe who acceded to themfc
quickly after the murder of Gedaliah by Ifhmael, retired to Egypt,,
where they moftly perifhed in a few year1, when Nebuchadnezzar
ravaged that country; Lev,, xviii. 28, 29; and xxvi, 14 — 39 ;.
Deut. iv. 25 — 28. xxvii. 14 — 26; xxviii. 15 — 68; xxix. 18 — 2-1;
xxx. 17, 18; xxxi. 17 — 19; and xxxii. 15— 30 ; Jofh. xxiii.
13 — 16; andxxiv. 20; I Kings ix. 6 — 9; 2 Chron. vii. 19 — 22.;
and xxxiv. 23 — 28 ; 2 Kings xx. 17, 18 ; xxi, 1 1 — 15 ; and xxii.
16 — 20; Mic. iv. 10, 11 ; and ii. iii. vi. vii. Hab. i. and iii. 16;
Zeph. i. ii. I — 3 ; and iii. I — 8 ; Hof. vi. 1 1 ; Amos ii. 4, 5 ;
v. vi. and ix. i — 10 ; If, i — v. vi. 9— 12; ix. 13 — 21 ; xxiv,
xxvii. 10, 11 ; xxviii. 14.— 22; xxx. 1 — 17; xiii. 17 — 25; lviii..
1 — 5; and lix. 1 — 15; Ezek. ii — xxiv. Jer. i — xliv. Iii.  -
2 Kings xxiv. xxv. 2 Chron. xxxvi. Lam. i — v. Jer. xxiv. xxix.
Dan. i — v.
When the Jews, who were firft carried captive, had been juft
feventy years in Babylon, Cyrus the Perfian, who had, about two-
years before, taken Babylon, and abolifhed the power of the Chal
deans, by a folemn proclamation, A. M. 3468, commiffioned them
to return to their country and rebuild the temple of their god.
To encourage them, he reftored the facred veffels which Nebu
chadnezzar had brought away; and ordered his lieutenants on the
weft of the Euphrates to affift them with materials and money.
About 30,000 of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, and perhaps
12,000 of the other tribes, immediately returned, under the di
rection of Zerubbabel and of Jofhua the high prieft. Notwith
ftanding much oppofition-and trouble, in twenty years they rebuilt
the temple and eflablifhed the worfhip of God. About feventy
years after, Ezra and Nehemiah, as deputies of the Perfian king,.
reformed their corruptions, and rebuilt the wall of Jerufalem..
The Jews meanwhile aftonifhingly increaSed in numbers, and en
joyed a tolerable degree of happinefs. The Ammonite?, Moab
ites, Samaritans, Philiftines, Edomites, and Arabians, indeed
took every opportunity to harafs them ; and Haman the Amale-
kite, by a pl.it, brought them to the very brink of deftruction.
But God, by means of Zerubbabel, Ezra, Nehemiah, Either,.
and Mordecai, fruftrated their attempts. Excepting that Artax
erxes Ochus, about 3653, ravaged their country, and tranfported
multitudes of them into Egypt, or to the eaft of Media, for flaves,
the Perfian kings generally favoured them.- But neither their

Scripture hiftory of

INTRODUCTION.

the Jews",

24 1-
2120

mercies nor judgments reftrained them from wickednefs. They
indeed from this time abhorred idolatry, which they reckoned the
chief caufe of their Chaldean captivity ; but indulged themfelves in
marriages with the heathens ; in cruelty to their Hebrew wives ;
in contempt of God's ordinances, and profanation of his fabbaths ;
and the like; Gen. xvii. 7, 8; Lev. xxvi. 40 — 45 ; Deut. iv.
29 — 31; xxx. 1— 10; and xxxii. 35— 43; 1 Kings viii. 46 — 50;
Neh. i. 8, 9 ; Pf. lxviii. 22 ; and lxix. 35, 36 ; If. i. 25, 27 ; iv.
2—6; xi. 11 — 16; xix. 24, 25; xxiv. 22, 23; xxv— xxvii.
xxxv. xiv. 1 — 3; xl. 1, 2,9 — ir, 29 — 31; xii. 8 — 20; xiii.
13—16; xliii. 14 — 21; xliv. 21—28; xiv. 13,17; xlvi. 12,
13; xlviii. 16 — 21 ; xlix. 10 — 26; li. 11 — 23; Iii. 1 — 12; lix.
19 — 21; and Ix — Ixvi. Jer. iii. 12 — 25; xii. 7—16; xxiii. 3 —
fl ; xxiv. 5 — 7; xxix. 10 — 14; xxx — xxxiii. 1. 4 — 8, 19, 20,
28, 33, 34 ; and li. 6 ; Ezek. vi. 8 — to ; xi. 15 — 20 ; xvi. 60 —
'63; xx. 34 — 38; xxviii. 24 — 26; xxxiv. 13 — 31; and xxxvi.
38; xxxvii. x! — xlviii. Hof. ii. 14 — 23; vi. 2; and xiv.
; Joel iii. 1, 2, 16 — 21 ; Amos ix. 11 — 15; Obad. 17 —
Mic. ii. 12, 13; iv. 6, 7, 10, 13; v. 5 — 15; and vii. 12 —
Zeph. iii. 9 — 20 ; Zech. i — iii. vi. viii — xiv. Mal. i — iii.
While the Grecian armies, between A. M. 3672 and 3834, fo
often marched through the country of the Jews which lay between
Syria and Egypt, God protected them in a marvellous manner.
About 3672 Alexander the Great marched againft them, to punifh
their aflifting his obftinate oppofers of Tyre. But the humble
Supplication of their high prieft entirely Stifled his refentment, and
fecured his favour. He offered large facrifices to their God,
and confirmed to them whatever privileges they had enjoyed under
the Perfian kings. Having built Alexandria in Egypt, he fettled
multitudes of Jews therein, and allowed them the fame privileges
as his Macedonian fubjects. About 3684 Ptolemy Lagus, king
•of Egypt, to revenge the attachment of the Jews to Laomedon his
•rival, furioufly ravaged their country, and carried 100,000 of them
prifoners t® Egypt ; but he there ufed them fo kindly, even pro
moting them to places of power and truff, that many others fol
lowed them thither of their own accord. .Seleucus Nicator of
Syria, having built thirty-five, if not forty, new cities; — fixteen of
which he called Antioch, after his father ; nine Seleucia, after him
felf; fix Laodicea, after his mother ; three Apamea, and one Stra-
tonice, after his wives ; — placed in them as many Jews as he could,
and affigned them the fame privileges as they had at Alexandria in
Egypt. About 3720 Philadelphus king of Egvpt, at his own ex
penfe, ranfomed all the Jews who were enflaved in his dominions,
and gave them their freedom. It is faid, that he, or Euergetes his
fon, procured a Greek tranflation of their laws for the ufe of his
famous Library. Ptolemy Philopator offered large thank-offerings
at the temple of Jerufalem for the victory which he obtained over
Antiochus the Great: but, enraged that their priefts or their God
had hindered his accefs into the holy of holies, upon his return
to Egypt, he terribly opprefled the Jews there, depriving them of
their privileges; and affembled multitudes of them, in order to
have them devoured by ravenous beafts. Inftead of hurting the
Jews, the animals furioufly turned upon and devoured the heathen
Spectators. Provoked by his barbarity, the Jews of Canaan readily
fubmitted to Antiochus the Great, who had invaded their country.
He repaired their temple at his own expenfe ; complimented them
with 20,000 pieces of filver, 1400 meafures of wheat, and 375 of
fait, for its fervice; and confirmed to them all their privileges
which had been granted by Alexander the Great. As Jerufalem
was much depopulated, he exempted from tribute, for three year<,
fuch as would fettle in it, and commanded all his fubjects to let their
Jewifh flaves go free. But Scopas, the Egyptian general, quickly
forced the Jews to return to the obedience of his mafter ; and
placed a garrifon at Jerufalem. About A. M. 3828 Heliodore of
Syria, by order of his mafter Seleucus, attempted to pillage the :

temple of Jerufalem ; but an angel affrighted him from the under.
taking ; and foon after he was permitted to poifon his mafter, and
thus haften ruin upon himfelS; Zech. ix. 8; and ii. 8; Joel iii.
16, 17; PS. lxviii. 29, 30; Zech. viii. 20; Ezek. xxvi. 20; and
xxi. 27; Dan. ix. 25; and xi. 14, 16,20,
Antiochus Epiphanes was fcarcely fixed upon the Syro-greciart
throne when the Jews feverely felt his madnefs and fury. Becaufe
Onias their high prieft refufed to comply with fome heathen abo
minations, he turned him out of his office, and Sold it to Jafon,
his more complaifant brother, for 350 talents of filver. Difgufted
with Jafon, he quickly turned him out, and-fold it to Menelaus,
another brother, for 650 talents. When Antiochus was in Egypt,
about A. M. 3834, the Jews, falfely informed of his death, made
public demonftrations of their joy; and Jafon attempted to recover
the high priefthood. Provoked by this, and detefting their pecu
liar manner of worfhip, Antiochus, in his return homeward,
forced his way into Jerufalem, murdered 40,000 of the inhabitants,
and fold as many more for Slaves. He carried off 1800 talents of
the facred money, and a great part of the furniture of the temple;
and made two of his moft inhuman favourites governors of the
country. About two years after, mad with rage that the 'Romans
had fruftrated his defigns upon Egypt, he ordered his troops, in
their return through Judea, to pillage the cities, murder fuch as
were able for war, and fell the women and children for flaves.
Upon the fabbath, when the Jews fuperftitioufly declined to fight,
his troops entered Jerufalem, killed multitudes in cold blood, and
carried off 10,000 prifoners. They erected a fort hard by the
temple, whence they might tally forth and murder fuch as dared to
worfhip there. Not long after Antiochus dedicated the temple
itfelf to Jupiter Olympius, a chief idol of the Greeks, and erected
his flatue upon the altar of burnt-offering. For 2300 mornings
and evenings, or n 50 days, the daily facrifice was entirely flopped,
and the temple rendered- a fcene of idolatry, lewdnefs, and murder.
Such Jews as refufed to worfhip idols, or eat fwines' flefh, were
expoSed to all the horrors oS perfecution, torture, and death.
Eleazar, and a widow, with her feven fons, were the moft diflin-
guifhed martyrs. Others, hazarding every thing dear, inftructed
their neighbours, and warned them to avoid every finful com
pliance. Mattathias a prieft, and his fons, Judas, Jonathan, Si
mon, &c. commonly called Maccabees, took arms, and, with
aftoniftiing bravery and conduct, defended their religion and liber
ties. After many leffer advantages, Judas, who "fucceeded his
father in the command, gave Nicanor, the Syro-grecian general, a
terrible defeat, A. M. 3839 ; recovered the temple ; repaired and
purified it, and reftored the worfhip of God ; and repaired Jerufa
lem, which had been reduced to almoft a ruinous heap. After
he had, with an handful of troops, for fome years proved a terrible
fcourge to the Syro-grecians, Edomites, Arabs, and other hea
thens around, he was flain A. M. 3843, and Jonathan his brother
fucceeded him. He, and Simon his brother, who fucceeded him,
with aftonifhing bravery and prudence, continued to rectify the
disorders oS both church and ftate. Onias the high prieft, Son of
the above mentioned, having Settled in Egypt, where he after
wards built a temple for thofe of his nation according to the form
of that at Jerufalem, thefe Maccabees officiated in Canaan both as
high priefts and as civil governors : but were both at laft treacher
ously murdered. About A.M. 3869 Hircanus fucceeded Simon
his father. He firft procured a peace with the now weakened
Syro-grecians, and then revolted from their yoke, and rendered
himfelf an independent fovereign of the Jews. He fubdued the
Edomites, and forced them to embrace the Jewifh religion. He
reduced the Samaritans, and demolilhed Shechem and Samaria
their capitals, and razed their temple on mount Gerizzim. Alex
ander Janneus his fon, after a Short reign of Ariltobulus his bro
ther, fucceeded him in A. M. 3899. He reduced the Philiflines,

Scripture hiftory

INTRODUCTION.

of the Jews.

obliged them to embrace the Jewifh religion, and burnt Gaza their
capital into a ruinous heap. He alfo reduced the Moabites, Am
monites, and part of the Arabians. Never fince the days of Solo
mon had the dominion of the Jewifh nation been fo extenfive.
Never, but under theSe three reigns, were they, after the captivity,
independent of the heathen powers, Perfians, Greeks, or Romans ;
Dan. viii. 9 — 14, 23 — 25 ; ix. 25 ; and xi. 28 — 35 ; Zech. xiv. 1
¦ — 3; xiii. 8, 9; xii. 2 — 8; x. 1 — 7; and ix. 13 — 16; If. xlix.
24 — 26; and lxiii. 1 — 4; Mic. iv. 12, 13; Obad. 17 — 21 ; Ezek.
xxv. 14; Zeph. ii. 7 — 9; If. xi. 14; Num. xxiv. 17 — 19;
Amos ix, 11 — 15.
By his cruelties, and other mifconduct, Alexander had exceed
ingly difgufted many of his fubjects, particularly the Pharifees.
After his death, in A. M. 3925, his widow, with no fmall pru
dence, .governed the nation for nine years. She was fcarcely in
her grave when Ariflobulus her younger fon, joined by multitudes
of thofe who hated the Pharifees, contended for the crown and
high priefthood againft Hircanus, his elder but indolent brother.
Finding that the Arabs affifted Hircanus, he, in A. M. 3940,
applied to the Romans for help. But they, turning his enemy
under Pompey, quickly reduced the country. He, and feveral of
his captains, pufhed their way into the Holy of Holies. And foon
after Craffus, another Roman, bent on his fatal Parthian expedi
tion, pillaged the temple of about 10,000 talents of filver. After
Judea had for thirty-two years been a continued fcene of ravage
and bloodfhed, Herod the fon of Antipater, who had acted as a
principal incendiary, by the affiftance of Antony the Roman
triumvir, obtained the crown through much barbarity and murder.
Finding that neither force nor flattery could render him, who was
a Gentile, at leaft by his father, and who, to pleafe Auguftus the
emperor, had made heathen compliances, quiet on his throne, he,
in A. M. 3984, refolved to recommend himfelf by rebuilding
their ruinous temple. Within three years and an half the princi
pal parts were finifhed in a moft magnificent form. It took eight
years more for the reft. Nay, in A. M. 4033, it appears not to
have been finifhed; Ezek. xxi. 26, 27 ; Hag. ii. 6, 7, 22; Mic.
v. 1, 3; Zech. xiv. 1, 2; Mal. iv. 1 ; John ii. 20.
When the long-promifed Meffiah appeared in flefh, A. M.
4000, the Jews, finding their carnal imaginations and expectations
nowife anfwered in him, notwithftanding the cleareft evidence in
his doctrine, miracles, and behaviour, rejected, and ignominioufly
crucified, him; and did what they could to prevent the fpread of
his gofpel among the Gentiles. To mark him actually come, the
fceptre gradually departed from them. He had fcarcely made his
appearance in the temple, in the twelfth year of his age, when
Judea was reduced into a Roman province. When he died, about
twenty-four years after, they feem to have had no power of life.
and death in their hands. After the converfion of the centurion
and his friends, Acts x. we find not the leaft veftige of civil
power among them independent of the Romans.  The deftruc
tion of the Galileans at the temple by Pilate, the deftruction of
others by the falling tower of Siloam, the felf-deftruction oS Judas
the traitor, the alarming exit of Ananias and Sapphira, the con
sumption of Herod by worms, the blindnefs of Elymas the Sorcerer,
the murder of about an hundred thoufand Jews, in Egypt, Syria,
and Canaan, by their heathen neighbours ; were but foreboding
earnefts of the fearful miferies of that nation for their rejection of
Jefus Chrift. The appearance of pretended Meffiahs, Simon,
Dofitheus, Theudas, Felix the Egyptian, and many others ; the
aftonifhing fpread of the gofpel through the Roman empire ; and
the perfecution of Chriftians by Jews and Heathens, and even by
the edicts of Nero the emperor ; the multitudes of earthquakes in
Europe, Leffer Afia, &c. ; the continued rumours of war, which
disheartened many of the Jews from the cultivation of their fields ;
the hanging of a Star, Shaped like a. Sword, over JeruSalem for a

whole year ; the nocturnal blazing of a noontide light about mid
night over the temple and places about, for half an hour, at the
feaft of tabernacles ; a cow's bringing forth a lamb while the was
led forward to the altar for facrifice ; the fpontaneous opening of
the eaft gate of the temple while fhut with ftrong bolts, though
twenty men could in general fcarcely open it ; the apparitions of
armies in the air, fighting battles, and befieging cities ; the unac
countable, and abfolutely obftinate, crying of a country fellow,
called Jefus, in the city for more than feven years, efpecially at the
folemn feafts, " Wo to Jerufalem — Wo to the people — Wo to the
" temple;" and who, while at laft he added " Wo to myfelf," was
Struck dead on the Spot ; — were providential omens thereof; Pf.
xxii. 6 — 20; xxxv. 11 — 26; and Ixix. 1 — 21 ; Prov. i. 20 — 32 ;
If. viii. 14, 15; xlix. 4, 7; 1.2 — 9; Iii. 14; liii. 1 — 8;andlxv. 1,
2, 5, 6; Dan. ix. 24; Zech. xi. 8 — 13 ; Matth. ii — xxviii. Mark
i — xv. Luke iv — xxiii. John v — xii. xviii. xix. Acts ii — xxviii.
Gen. xlix. 10; If. Ixvi. 6 ; Joel ii. 30, 31 ; Zech. xi. 1 ; Matth.
xxiv. 3 — 13, 24, 30; Mark xiii. 5 — 13, 24 — 26; Luke xxi. 7 — .
17,25; Acts ii — xxiv. 1 Theff. ii. 14 — 16.
About A. D. 67 Ceftius Gallus, the Roman governor of Syria,
having inverted Jerufalem, raifed the fiege without any vifible rea
fon, and retired with the Jews at his heels. Taking this oppor
tunity, the Chriftians, as directed by their Lord, left the city, and
retired to Pella beyond Jordan, where Providence protected them ;
Matth. xxiv. 15, 16; Mark xiii. 14, 15; Luke xxi. 20, 21. Not
long after Vefpafian, whom God juft then marvelloufly advanced
to the Roman throne, in A. D. 69, invaded their country Srom
the north-eaft, and quickly Spread murder and flames all along to
the South-weft. Beginning at Galilee, where the inhabitants
of Chorazin, BethSaida, Nazareth, and Capernaum, had been
principal rejecters of Jefus Chrift, he took the cities by force,
burnt them into heaps, and murdered almoft every inhabitant.
The Jews refilled with madnefs, and chofe rather to murder them--
felves than Surrender to the moft companionate generals. No
where was the fcene more Shocking than at Jerufalem, where
the worfhip of God had been long profaned, and our Lord had •
been crucified. The Romans invefted the city while the Jews,
not only from Canaan, but from the countries around, were af-
fembled fo keep their paffover, perhaps to the number of two or
three millions. Thus their folemn feaft, which commemorated
their miraculous deliverance from Egypt, and which prefigured
Jefus' death, and at which he had been crucified, became their
Snare and trap. Split into three different factions, the befieged
Jews fpent their time in barbaroufly murdering one another; or
united in defperate, but unfuccefsful, tallies, againft the Romans.
Some even in fport murdered their fellows, to try the fharpriefs of
their Swords. At laft the faction, headed by Eleazar, was trea
cherously maffacred ; and, while the heaps of unburied Corpfes oc
casioned a peftilence, their deftrution of each other's magazines
haftened a terrible famine.. Even the moft delicate ladies were
obliged to broil their infants for food. Meanwhile the Jews
fcorned every gracious propofal which the companionate Titus,
now general for Vefpafian his father, could make them. Having
befieged the city about fix months, the Romans, A. D. 70, forced
their way into it from the eaft. Provoked with the obstinacy of
the befieged, they murdered every one they met with. While the
Streets ran with blood, the air was filled with the groans of the
dying, the howlings of the terrified, and the defperate outcries of
the ravifhed; and the flames of the burning city afcended up to
heaven. Inftigated by a pretended Mefliah, 6000 took refuge in
the temple. Titus was extremely bent upon preferving it; but
one of his foldiers, by calling a brand, fet it on fire. Nor could all
his authority make his loving and obedient troops fo much as attempt
to quench the flames. The outcries of the Jewifh beholders ber-
came then absolutely infernal. Not long after its rival temple. ia

Scripture hiftory

INTRODUCTION.

"Egypt, built by Onias, Shared a Similar fate. JeruSalem was turned
into a ruinous heap. The foundations of the temple were plovved
up, probably in queft of treafure : and, for the like reafon, much
of the rubbifh of the houfes was turned up ; and it is faid, not only
the bellies of the dead, but of the living, were ripped up, for the
fake of the gold which they were fuppofed to have fwallowed. Be
fides 257,660, who perifhed in other places, 1,100,000 are faid to
have loft their lives at Jerufalem alone. Titus caufed the ring
leaders in the rebellion to be crucified all round the city, till no
more wood for croffes could be had. About 97,000 were taken
prifoners. Many of thefe were fent into Egypt by fea to be flaves.
About 11,000 perifhed with hunger. Part were tranfported to
Syria, to be devoured by wild beafts in the public diverfions, or
fold at the loweft rate for flaves. Not one defcendant of David,
that could be found, was left alive. Neverthelefs, multitudes of
Jews Still remained in the Roman empire. Thefe, about A. D.
119, murdered about 500,000 of the Roman fubjects, Chriftians and
heathens. But Trajan, the valiant emperor, with no fmall diffi
culty, and with terrible bloodfhed, reduced them. About A. D. 134
Elius Adrian the emperor prohibited them from circumcifing their
children, and appointed a colony of heathens to rebuild Jerufalem
and name it Elia, after himfelf. About 200,000 Jews affembling
under Barcocab, one of the banditti who had, for a century before,
infefted Canaan with their robberies, and now a pretended meffiah,
murdered the Roman fubjects wherever they could find them.
With no fmall difficulty the Romans defeated them in battle.
After a fiege of three years they took Bitter their capital. Fifty
other garrifons quickly furrendered. In this war about 600,000 Jews
-are faid to have been flain by the fword, befides thofe who perifhed
by fire, famine, or peftilence. For feveral years fairs were held
in Syria for felling the prifoners : and, of thofe who were tranf
ported to Egypt, many perifhed by hunger, Shipwreck, and maf
facres. Adrian built his city on mount Calvary ; and, in con
tempt of the Jews, erected a marble ftatue of a fwine over its
principal gate. For about 500 years after this they durft not,
without bribing the foldiers or hazarding their lives, approach near
the ruins of their once facred capital.
Since this period the Jews have continued fcattered among all
nations, obftinately adhering- to their ancient and diftinguifhed ce
remonies, in contempt of Chrift. Their numerous pretenders to
meffiahfhip, in every age and nation, have hardened them in their
delufions, and drawn upon them an infinity of mifchiefs. Dread
ful have been their perfecutions by the kings of Perfia, Roman
emperors, Arabian califs, kings of Spain, France, and England,
and princes of Germany ; and often from the groundkfs fury of
the enraged populace in thefe places. A few inftances Shall repre
fent their miferable condition. About the beginning of the fifth
century of the Chriftian sera, the people of Macedonia, Dacia,
Syria, and Minorca, murdered multitudes of them on account of
their intuiting their religion, and forced the remainder to hide
themfelves in dens and caves of the earth. In the fixth century
Julian, their pretended meffiah, and his followers, drew upon them
felves, by their infolence, the death of 20,oco, and the enflavement of
as many more. In the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth
centuries, the popifh crufaders murdered them almoft wherever
they could find them; while the Jews themfelves murdered their own
children, that the crufaders might not caufethem to be baptized.
About the beginning of the thirteenth century, Naffer the Arabian
calif, provoked by their madly running after pretended Meffiahs,
fcarcely left one of them alive in Mefopotamia and the places around.
After various confifcations of goods, banifhments, and bloody maf-
f eres, they were finally expelled from England by king Edward,
A. D. 1291, to the number of 160,000. Edward permitted them
to tranfport their fubflance to France; but there, in his own do
minions, he confiscated it for himfelf; fo that moft of them pe-

ofthe Jews*
rifked through want. After feveral banifhments and maffacres,
they were, in 1300, finally expelled from France. About 1492
the Spaniards banifhed fix or eight hundred thoufand of them.
Moft of thefe perifhed by Shipwreck, or through the inhumanity of
the Africans. Many of their carcafes lay unburied. Between
A. D. 1663 and i66'6 fcarcely any of them were left alive m the
Perfian empire. To Save their lives or wealth, many of them.
have, from age to age, pretended to embrace the Romifh idolatry.
Perhaps at prefent Sixteen or twenty thouSand of them are profeffed
Papifts in Portugal and Spain, and not a few of them in clerical
orders. Thefe their friends endeavour to have circumcifed at
death; Lev. xxvi. 14—39; Deut< 1V' z6~ 28 ' XXV11U 49~ 685
xxix. 18—28; xxx. 17, 18; xxxi. 16—18,29; andxxxn. 15-p
34; Pf. ii. 1—5, 9 ; xxi. 8—12 ; xxxv. 23, 26 ; xl. 14, 15 ; 1.
2,3; lxix. 22—28; lviii. 2— u; lhr. 11— IS? cix. 1— 20;
ex. 5, 6 ; cxxxii. 18 ; cxl. 9, 10 ; and lv. 15, 23 ; Prov. 1. 24—
32; If. ii. 6—21 : iii. 1—26; iv. 1 ; v. 24— 30; vi. 9— 12;
viii. 15, 21, 22; ix. 13—21; xxiv. 1—22; xxvii. iO, 11;
xxviii. 17—22; x. 22,23; xiii. 19, 20,22—25; hx. 1— 18;
Ixv. 2—7; 11— 15; and Ixvi. 3, 4,6, 7, 14—18; Ezek. vi. 1
— 7 ; vii. ix. xv. and xvi. 35 — 39. Dan. ix. 26, 27 ; Hof. 111. 4 ;
Amos ix. 1 — 10; Zeph. i. 13—18; Zech. xiii. 8 ; and xiv. 1,
2, 4, 5 ; Mal. iv. 1, 3, 5» 6 ; Matth. iii. 12 ; viii. 12 ; xii. 43—
45 ; xxi. 37—44; xxii. 6, 7 ; xxiii. 34—39 ; xxiv. 1— 41 ; and
xxvi. 64 ; Mark xii. I— 9 ; and xiii. 1— 31 ; Luke xi. 49—51 5
xiii. 1 — 9,24 — 35; xvii. 22—37; xix. 14,27,41 — 44; xx.
16—18 ; xxi. 20—33; and xxiii- 29_ 31 > John v- 43 » vii- 34;
and viii. 21, 24; Rom. xi. 8—25; 1 Theff. ii. 15, 16 ; Heb. ii.
3 ; vi. 6—8 ; and x. 26—31 ; 1 Pet. iv. 17, 18 ; 2 Pet. ii. 9—
22 ; and iii. 9 — n ; Deut. iv. 27, 28.
Notwithftanding their inexpreffible miferies, the Jews, every
where fcattered, have, for 1700 years paft, remained z, people
diftinct from the reft of mankind, and never; in the common
manner, incorporated with others. It is computed that their pre
fent number amounts to 3,000,000 ; one of which lives in the
Turkifh empire; 300,000 in Perfia, India, and China; and
1,700,000 in Africa and Europe. Except in Portugal and Spain,
their condition is now generally tolerable. It is even obfervable
that fcarcely one of their diftinguifhed oppreffbrs, whether perfons
or nations, hath long efcaped the vengeance of Heaven. About
A. D. 1866, or 2016, we expect the whole of the Hebrew tribes
to be converted to the Chriftian faith, and to be happily and or
derly replaced in Canaan, where it is probable they will continue
to the end of the world. When they fhall be juft fettled, the
Turks and their allies we expect will attempt to difpoffefs them,
and feize on their wealth ; but Shall miferably perifh in the enter-
prife; Lev. xxvi. 40 — 45; Deut. iv. 29 — 31; xxx. 1 — 10;
and xxxii. 35 — 43; 1 Kings viii. 46 — 50 ; Pf. lxviii. 22—30;
and lxix. 35, 36 ; If. i. 25 — 27 ; iv. 2 — 6 ; ix. I — 7 ; xi. II— «
16; xix. 24,25; xxiv. 22,23; xxvii. 12, 13; xxv. xxvi. xxxv.
xii. 8 — 20; xiii. 9 — 16 ; xliii. 18 — 21 ; xliv. 23, 26, 27; xiv.
17; xlvi. 12, 13; xlix. 10 — 26; li. 11,17 — 23; iii. 1 — 12;
liv. lv. 8 — 13; lvi. 8;lvii'. 13 — 19; lviii. 12; lix. 19 — 21; and
Ix — Ixvi. Jer. iii. 18 ; xxiii. 3, 4, 7, 8 ; xxx, 3, 8 — 1 1 ; xxxi. 1,
8, 10, 38 — 40; xxxii. 36 — 44; xxxiii. 6 — 14; and 1.4,5;
Ezek xi. 16—20; xvi. 60 — 63; xx. 34 — 38; xxviii. 24—26;
xxxiv. 13 — 31 ; xxxvi. 24 — 38 ; and xxxvii — xlviii. Dan. xii. 1 ;
Hof. i. 1 1 ; iii. 5 ; ii. 14 — 23 ; vi. 1 ; and xiv. 1 — 8 ; Joel iii.
1, 2, 16 — 21; Amos ix. 11 — 15; Obad. 17 — 2r; Mic. ii. 12,
13; iv. 6, 7, 13; v. 5 — 15; and vii. 12 — 20; Zeph. iii. 9 — 20;
Zech. viii. 7, 13; x. 6 — 12; xii. 2 — 9; and xiv. I — ll; Rom.
xi. 15, 26 — 32; 2 Cor. iii. 16; Ezek. xxxviii. xxxix.
XIX. No hiftory is more important than that of the Chris
tian Church in her Head and members. This world was chiefly
created for a theatre, on which Jehovah might tranfact the work,

Scripture hiftory of

INTRODUCTION.

the Chriftian church.

and difplay the glories, of our redemption. To prepare the way
for this great work, God permitted mankind to fall in Adam their
covenant head. In profecution of it he publifhed the firft promife in
Paradife ; inflituted facrifices ; and, by an effufion of his Spirit,
made the defcendants of Seth to diftinguifh themfelves from thofe
of Cain, and obferve focial and public affemblies for his worfhip.
By an overflowing flood he fwept off the multiplied offspring oil flood, but haftened towards ruin; — when the family of David re
the ferpent; and teftified that the grant of the earth to man under mained diftinct in genealogy, but was extremely debated; — whei

dants ofjudah; — when that tribe had undergone manifold calami
ties, and changes of government and mafters; — when Daniel's
feventy weeks, or 490 years, from the edict of Artaxerxes to re
build Jerufalem, were juft expiring;— when the nations had been
fhaken, by the rife of the Perfian, Grecian, and Roman empires,
and by the Sail of the two former; — when the Second temple yet

the firft covenant was entirely annulled. Immediately after the
flood he beftowed on Noah and his defcendants a new grant of the
earth, founded on that new covenant which cannot be broken by
men's fin. When the feed of the ferpent again waxed ftrong, and
attempted to defeat his defigns in their building of Babel, he dif-
perfed them ; but it was round about Canaan, where the Redeemer
intended to appear in manhood, and from whence the glad tidings
of redemption were to be publifhed ; Gen. i — xi. To preferve re-
lio-ion in the re-corrupted world, God feparated Abraham and his
feed for himfelf by a peculiar covenant relation ; founded on, and
emblematic of, the covenant of grace. For almoft two thoufand
years he marvelloufly preferved that family, out of which the Mef
fiah was to fpring, and continued the true religion among part of
them ; even under the oppreffion of the moft powerful and active
agents of hell. To them the covenant of grace was gradually
manifefted ; and confirmed by many folemnities, Signs, and types ;
Gen. xii — 1. &c.
Intending quickly to abandon the reft of mankind to the flavery
of Satan, he, by the deliverance of his people from Egypt, further
feparated them for himfelf. To regulate and fix them in this ftate,
he added a multitude of pofitive laws, which, whether ecclefiaflical
or civil, did almoft all exhibit Jefus Chrift and his work of redemp
tion. The fate of that generation in the wildernefs ; the remark
able effufion of the Holy Ghoft on their children ; their unbloody
victories over the natives, and fafe fettlement in Canaan ; their
mingled troubles, deliverances, and refts, under the Judges ; and
their glory and wealth under David and Solomon ; were but fo
many figures ©f the approaching redemption by Jefus Chrift. To
mark their imperfection, and their true defign, the moft purifying
ceremonies, as the fin-offering, annual expiations, and water of
feparation, remarkably fpread defilement. The Jewifh nation,
church, and ordinances, had no fooner arrived at their meridian
glory, than they began to fade, and make way for the exhibition
of Chrift himfelf. Whilft the captivity in Babylon weaned them
from their obftinate attachment to idolatry, the lots of the diadem
of David's family,'-of the magnificence of the temple, and of the
Urim and Thummim, facred fire, ark, Shechinah, and perhaps
other principal types, taught them to look for the fpeedy mani
festation of the things prefigured. The difperfion of the Jews
through the Perfian, Grecian, or Roman empires, with their
Sacred books along with them, prepared the nations, as by broken
hints, for the fpread of the gofpel by means of the pentecoftal con
verts, or of the preachers who followed them into their feveral
Countries. By the fuccefiive rife and fall of the Chaldean, Perfian,
and Grecian empires, God had Shown that every alteration of ex
ternal government did but change the form of men's finfulnefs
and miSery, if not add thereto. After repeated attempts, Satan
had, in the constitution and extent of the Roman empire, erected
the ftrongeft battery againft God and his Chrift which had ever
exifted, and had reduced God's feparated nation to the loweft
depth of corruption and mifery. And, that the appearance of
Jefus might be the more obfervahle, the miracles, once fo com
mon in Ifrael, had, for 700 years, almoft entirely ceafed ; nor
for 400 had one prophet appeared among them ; Exod. iii.
to Efth. x. &c.
In the fulnefs of time, A. M. 4000, when the long-continued
tribefhip and legislative power were departing from the defcen-
Vol. I.

en
both Jews and Gentiles generally expected the unparalleled birth of
a glorious Redeemer; — and when an uncommon peace, of about
twelve years continuance, extended over moft, if not all the
world ; — the eternal Son of God, without any change in his di
vine nature or perfon, affumed a real manhood ; in refpect of
which he became the Son of Eve, Abraham, Ifaac, Jacob, Judahf
Jeffe, David, and Mary the virgin ; and was born at Bethlehem.
Endowed in this manhood with an incomparable fulnefs of gifts
and grace, and peculiarly fupported in his work, his perfection in
knowledge, in wifdom, hoiinefs, meeknefs, and zeal, was amaz
ing; Gen. xlix. 10 ; Ezek. xxi. 27; Mic. v. 3, 5; Dan. ix. 24;
Hag. ii. 6 — 9, 21 — 23; Mal. iii. 1; Num. xxiv. 17; If. vii. 14;
ix. 6; xxviii. 16; xl. 3,5,9,10; xlviii. 17; xlix. 26; and xiv.
17 — 25; Jer. xxiii. 5,6; and xxxiii. 15, 16; Hof. 1.7; Pfal.
xiv. 6; and xcvii. 7; Heb. i. 6; Prov. viii. 22, 23, 30 ; Pfal. ii.
7; Zech. xiii. 7; Exod. xxiii. 21.  Gen. iii. 15; xii. 3;
xxii. 18; xxvi- 4; xxviii. 14; and xlix. 10 ; Deut. xviii. 18 j
Jer. xxx. 21; IS. xi. 1, 10; Luke i. 69; 2 Sam. vii. 12, 14; Pf.
Ixxii. 1 ; and Ixxxix. 3, 20 ; Ezek. xxxiv.
25; and xvii. 22; If. liii. 2; iv. 2; and vii.
''• 34? 355 Jer- xxxi. 22; Mic. v. 2;
Matt. i. Luke i — iii. 23 — 38; Rom. i.
14.  If. xlix. 1 — 3; xlviii. 16, 17; Xi.
7; and xiii. 1 — 6; Pf. Ixxxix. 19 — 21;
1 Sam. ii.

50; xxviii. 8; and cxxxii. 17;

13; im. 7,

If. x. 27 ; xlix. 8; Iii.
Pf. xvi. 8; xviii. 28 — 36; xxviii. 7;
viii. 14 ; Zech. ix. 9 ; Jer. xxx. 21 ;
as our furety,

23, 24, 29 ; xxxvn. 24,
14; Zech. iii. 8; Dan.
Luke i. 32, 35 ; witfe
4 ; and ix. 5 ; John i.
2 — 4; lxi. 1 — 3; 1. 4
xiv. 2, 7 ; ii. 6. xviii.
10; Dan. ix. 245

9, 1 1 ; lix. 17 ; and lxiii. 5 ;
xl. 7, 8; and lxix. 9; Prov.
Matt. iii. 15, 17. '
Having, as our furety, engaged to pay the debt which we owed
to the law and juftice of God, he, in the character of our High
Prieft offering himfelf in facrifice to his Father, appeared in the
likenefs of Sinful flefh, the manner of his birth being extremely de
bated. Hatred, contempt, reproach, poverty, and trouble, were
his infeparable attendants in life. In his infancy Herod attempted
to murder him. During his public miniftry he wandered about
without any fixed abode. While Satan repeatedly tempted him to
the vileft of crimes, Jews, Samaritans, and others, affronted and
abufed him. In ratifying the new covenant, and abolifhing the an
cient ceremonies by his death, his forrows were quite inexpreffi
ble. While Judas, inftigated by Satan, betrayed him, and Peter
thrice denied him, the other difciples forfook him. Notwithftand
ing his manifeft innocence, Jews and Gentiles of all ranks con
curred to perfecute and murder him. He was fpit upon, buffetted,
fcourged, condemned, and crucified. Not only in the garden,
but when his body was diftorted on the crofs, his Father deferted
him, and loaded him with the impreffions of his wrath. While
nothing but gall and wormwood were allowed to quench his thirft;
while the Soldiers in fport parted his garments, and the profligate
multitude intuited him with feoffs ; he, imploring forgivenefs to
his murderers, and committing his foul to God, expired an atone
ment for fin. Yet, notwithstanding repeated attempts, not 1, bone
of him was broken. Pie was interred in the tornb of the rich, but
fealed up and watched by the wicked. Upon the third day he con
quered death, and rofe again to receive his glorious reward. And,
after he had Sufficiently manifefted the reality of bisTcfuirection,
and instructed his difciples, he afcended into the fanSluary and holy
of holies above, to make continual interceffion for us; Jar. xxx. 2r ;
f

Scripture hiftory of

INTRODUCTION.

the Chriftian church.

Pf. xl. 6 — 8; Exod. xxviii. xxix. Lev. i — v. viii. ix. xvi.
Num. xix. xxviii. xxix, Pf. ex. 4; xxii. 1 — 21 ; xxxv. 11 — 21 ;
xl. 1 — 15, 17; xii. 5 — 9; lxix. 1 — 21, 29; lv. 3 — 9; cix. 2 —
4; and Ixxxix. 38— '45 ; If. xi. 1 ; xlix. 7; 1.8; xxv. 8; Iii.
14; and liii. Mic. v. 1 ; Hof. xi. I ; xiii. 14; and vi. 2; Dan.
ix. 24, 25 ; Zech. ix. 9; xiii. 7 ; iii. 9 ; and xii. 10 ; Luke xiii.
32,33; and ix. 31 ; Matt. xii. 40; xvi. 21; xvii. 9, 22, 23 ;
xx. 18, 19, 22, 28; xxi. 38, 39; and xxvi. 2, 21, 23, 24,31, 32,
34; John i. 29, 36; ii. 19; vi. 70,71; x. 1 1, 18; xi. 50; xii.
24,27,31—33; xiii. 18, 21,38; xv. 13; xvi. 7,10,21,22;
and xx. 17; Pf. xvi. 9, 10; and ex. 1.  Matt. ii. iv. I — 10;
viii. 20; ix. 3, II; xi. 19; xii. 24; and xxvi. xxvii. Luke xi.
15, 16; xv. i ; xx. 20; and xxii. 23; John v. 16 ; vi. 60, 66;
vii — x. xi. 47, 48, 57; and xviii. xix. xx. Acts i. 1 — 11;
Heb. v — ix. and x. 22.
In his debatement and glory he was, and is, equally the Saviour,
Shepherd, Prophet, and Teacher, of his church, whether Jews or
Gentiles; feeding them, particularly the poor, by his truths, or
dinances, influences, and bleffings. His perfonal ministrations
were chiefly confined to Judea, eSpecially in the courts of the tem
ple at Jerufalem, where multitudes attended ; and in the regions
of Galilee, where the groffeft ignorance had long prevailed. He
confirmed his precious, feafonable, practical, and fanctifying, doc
trines by miracles unnumbered, and which emblematically repre
fented his fpiritual work in the redemption of men. He feafted
thoufands on a few loaves, without diminishing the food. He
healed the moft incurable difeafes ; made the blind to fee, the deaf
to hear, the dumb to fpeak, the dead to live, the devils to leave
the poffeffed, the Storms to become calm, the trees to wither, the
fifties to affemble into nets, or even to bring the money which he
needed. And yet his rniniftrations had but inconfiderable SucceSs
in the converfion of Sinners ; Gen. xlix. 10, 18 ; PS. xiv. 7; liii.
7; and xcviii. 2, 3; IS. xix. 20; xiii. 7; xiv. 17, 22; xlvi. 13;
xlviii. 17; xlix. 6, 7, 25, 26; lix. 20; and lxiii. I — 5. Jer. xxiii.
6; and xxxiii. 16 ; HoS. i. 7; Zeph. iii. 17; Zech. ix. 9, 1 1 ;
Matt. i. 2t; Luke i. 31,47.  Pfal. xxiii. 1 — 3; If. xl. 11;
xlix. 9, 10; and xii. 17, 18; Ezek. xxxiv. 11 — 16,22 — 29; and
xxxvii. 23 — 27; Mic. v. 4, 5; Zech. xiii. 7; and xi. 7, 11 
Hag. ii. 7, 9; Mal. iii. 1 — 3; If. xii. 27; ix. 1, 2; Hi. 7, 15;
and xl. 3; Deut. xviii. 15 — 19; Gen. xlix. 10 ; Pf. xxii. 22;
and xl. 9, 10; Prov. i. 20 — 24 ; viii. and ix. 1 — 12; Job xxxiii.
23; If. xi. 9; xiii. 1,3, 6, 7; xlix. 6; 1. 4; xlviii. 17; liv. 13;
lv. 3 — 11* and lix. 19, 20; Luke i. 79; and ii. 32.  Mal. iv.
2; If. xxix. 18, 19; xxxv. 5, 6; and xii. 17 ; Ezek. xxxiv. 16;
IS. xxv. 8; HoS. xiii. 14; Matt, iv — xxv. Marki — xiii. Lukeiv
—xxi. Johnii — xvi. Rom. xv. 8; Heb. i. 1 ; and ii. 3, 4; Acts
x. 38.  IS. xlix. 4; liii. 1 ; and vi. 9, 10; John xii. 37 — 40.
Amidft his loweft debafement he difcovered his Royal Headfiip
ever his church. He taught in his own name. He appointed
twelve, and afterwards feventy more, of his difciples to act as his
deputies, heralds, and ambaffadors, in the work of the gofpel.
He, at leaft twice, expelled the merchants from the courts of the
temple. He instituted baptifm and his own fupper for feals of his
covenant. Being raifed from the dead, he more abundantly exer-
cifed his kingly office in appointing extraordinary and ordinary
«fficers in the' church, and in qualifying them with the Holy Ghoft.
He iffued forth his oracle?, and appointed his gofpel ordinances.
And he extends his dominion in the world by increafing, ruling,
and protecting, his fubjects, and by restraining and conquering
his and their enemies ; Gen. xlix. 10; Pfal. ii. 6; xxi. 3 — 6;
xxiv. 7 — 10; viii. I ; xiv. 6, J; lxviii. 18 — 35; Ixxxix. 19 — 37.
xciii. xevi — c. c'xviii. 22; xxii. 27 — 31; cxxxii. 17, 18; Ixxii.

and ex. Song i. 4, 12; iii, 6, 9, H ; and vii. 5; If. ii. 3, 4}
iv. 2; ix. 6, 7; xi. 3—5; xii. 6; xxiv. 15, 16, 23; xxv. xxxii.
I, 2; xxxv. 2; xl. 9 — > 1; xiii. 1 — 4; xiv. 5 — 26; Iii. 13, 15;
liii. 11, 12; lv. 4; and lxiii. 1 — 6; Jer. xxiii. 5,6; and xxxiii.
15, 16; Ezek. xvii. 22, 23; xxi. 27 ; xxxiv. 24, 29 ; xxxvii,
24, 25; xiiv. 3; xiv. 7, 8, 22—25 ; and xlvi. 1 — 8, 10; Dan.
vii, 13, 14; ii. 44; ix. 25 ; and xii. 1 ; Hof. iii. 5; and xiii. 10,
14; Mic. ii. 13; iv. 3, 8; and v. 1, 2, 4, 5; Zeph. iii. 15, 17;
Zech. vi. 12, 13 ; xi. 4, 7 ; xiii. 7 ; and xiv. 9; Mal. iii. 1 — 3 ;
Luke i. 32, 33; 1 Cor. xv. 2, 25 — — Matt, iv— xxvi. Mark i—
xiv, Luke iv— xxii. John i — xix. Acts i— xix. Rev. i— xxii.
1 Tim. i. 17; and vi. 15, lb. •
For airnoft two thoufand years after the call of Abraham, and
efpecially after the departure of the Ifraelites from Egypt, very
few Gentile finners had been converted, or even called to fellow-
fhip with God. But the promifed Shiloh had fcarcely appeared in
the likenefs of finful flefh when wiSe men from the Eaft, two cen
turions, the Syro-phenician woman, and the Samaritans and
Greeks, received him by faith. He had fcarcely afcended to hea
ven when he poured down the Holy Ghoft in a wonderful manner.
Qualified by his influences, the apoftles and others, beginning at
Jerufalem, preached with amazing fuccefs, and confirmed their
doctrine by miracles. Within about forty years, Arabia, Egypt,
Ethiopia, and Cyrene, on the fouth and weft ; Chaldea, Mefopo
tamia, Affyria, Armenia, and Perfia, on the eaft ; Jhenicia, Syria,
Leffer Afia, Pontur, Thrace, Greece, Illyricum, * Italy, if not
alfo France, Spain, and Britain, on the north and weft ; had re
ceived the gofpel; and multitudes had believed on Chrift, and
formed themfelves into regular focieties, under the apoftles, evan
gelists, prophets, paftors, teachers, ruling elders, and deacons,
whom he had appointed; and walked in holy fellowship with God,
and among themfelves. Wretched ignorance, grofs idolatry, vain
Superftition, favage barbarity, Shocking lewdnefs, and other like
abominations, were, by the power of the gofpel, obliged to give
place to fpiritual knowledge, piety, and virtue, in every form ; Gen.
xlix. 10; If. xi. 1, 10; and ii. 2; Mic. iv. 1; Joel ii. 28; Prov.
i. 23; If. xxxii. 15, 16; and xliv. 3,4,5; Matt. x. 23; and xxviii.
20 ; John xiv. 17, t8, 26 ; xv. 26, 27 ; xvi. 7 — 14; and xx. 22 ;
Luke xxiv. 49 ; Acts i. 8 ; Pfal. Ixxii. 6 ; Hof. xiv. 5; Ezek.
xxxiv. 26; Pfal. lxv. 9 — 13; and lxviii. 9, 10; If. lv. 10 — 13;
Joel iii. 18, 21 ; Zech, xiii. I; and xiv. 8; Ezek. xlvii. 1 — 12;
If. lxi. 3, 1 1 ; xxxv. 3, 5, 6, 7; xii. 17 — 19; xliii. 19; and xii. 3;
John vii. 38, 39 ; Mark xvi. 17, 18 ; If. xxxv. 3, 5, 6 ; xiii, 18;
and xxix. 18; John xiv. 12.  Amos ix. 11 ; Pf. lxix. 34—
36; xiv. 16; lxviii. 22 — 28; and ixxii. 16, 17 ; If. lxi. xxxii.
20; and lx. 20 ; Matt. xix. 28 ; and v. 13, 14. — — Pf. cxxxii. 16 ;
Ezek. xliv. 17 — 25.  Gen. iii. 15; xii, 2, 3; xxii. 18; xxvi.
4; xxviii. 14; and xlix. 10; Deut. xxxii. 36,43; Pfal. ii. 8;
xiv. 7 ; xviii. 43 ; xxii. 27 — 31 ; xiv. 3 — 6, 9—17 ; xlvii. lxv.
5; Ixvi. 1 — 4; lxvii-. lxviii. 22 — 35; lxix. 33 — 36; Ixxii.
Ixxxvii. Ixxxix. 2, 3, 4, 18—29 ; xcii. xevi — c. ex. cxxxii. 13—
18 ; and cxlix. If. i. 25 — 28 ; ii. 2 — 5, 17 — 21 ; iv. 2 — 6 ; ix.
7; xi. xii. xviii. 7; xix. 18 — 25; xxv. xxvi. xxvii. 1 — 6,12,13;
xxix. 18 — 24; xxx. 18 — 26; xxxii. 1 — 4,15 — 20 ; xxxv. xii.
I? — 20 ; xiii. 1 — 16 ; xliv. 2—5 ; xiv. 22 — 25 ; xlix. 6 — 26 ;
Iii. 15; liii. 10 — 12; liv. lv. lvi.8; lvii. 14 — 19; lix. 16—21;
lx— lxii. lxiii. 1 — 5 ; lxv. 16 — 25 ; and Ixvi. 8 — 14, 18 — 24 ; Jer.
xxxi. xxxii, Ezek. xvii. 22 — 24.; xxxiv. 11—31; xxxvi. 21 —
38 ; xxxvii. and xl — xlviii. Dan. ii. 35, 44 ; and vii. 14; Hof. i.
10, 11; ii. 14 — 23; and xiv. Joel ii. 28 — 31; and iii. 16 —
21 ; Amos ix. n -15; Mic. iv. v. and vii. 14 — 20; Zeph. iii.
9 — 20; Hag. ii. 6 — 9; Zech. ii. 10 — 13; viii. 20 — 23; and

* N.B. The churches of Epbefus, Smyrna, Pergamus, Thyatira, Sardis, Phila-
ieljhia, Laodicea, Coluffe, Galatia, Perga, Pamyhylia, CUkia, Piiidia, &c. were

in LeiTcr Afia; thole of Philippi, Theffalonica, aai Corinth, in Greet*; a»4 ojf
Rome, in Italy.-

Scripture hiftory of

INTRODUCTION.

the Chriftian church I'

xiv. 8 — U ; Mal. i. n; and iv. 2 ; Matt. viii. n; xvi. 18;
xx. 6 — 16; xiii. 3 — 52; xxi. 28, 29, 41, 43 ; xxii. 9, 10 ; xxvi.
13; xxiv. 14; and xxviii. 18 — 20; Mark xvi. 15, 16; Luke ii.
32; xiv. 23; and xxiv. 47 ; John i. 9; iii. 16, 17 ; viii. 12 ; x.
16; xi. 52 ; xii. 23, 24, 32 ; and xvi. 8 ; Acts i. 8.  Acts ii
—xix. Rom. i. 7, 8 ; xi. n ; and xv. 8 — 19 ; 1 Cor. i. 2 ; 2 Cor.
i. 1 ; and viii. 1 ; Gal. ii. 2 ; Eph. i. 1 ; Phil, i. 1 ; Col. i. 1 ;
ij. 1 ; and iv. 13 ; 1 Theife i. 1 ; 1 Pet. i. 1 ; Rev. i. 11.
During this period the Chriftians, and efpecially their "teachers,
were hated and perfecuted by the Jews and the heathen mob. But,
till their religion had fpread and taken deep root among the Gentiles,
they experienced no imperial perfecution. God even made the
junction of fo many nations into one Roman empire, which Satan
had erected as his impregnable bulwark againft the approaching
Meffiah, a mean of its more eafy Spread. The deftruction and
difperfion of the Jewifh nation, which foon after took place, were
alfo calculated to wean men from the typical ceremonies, and to
make them examine the character and religion of Jefus, who had fo
circumftantially predicted thefe events. From A. D. 66 to 312 the
church was repeatedly under general perfecutions, appointed by the
Roman emperors : particularly under Nero, about 66 ; Domitian,
96; Trajan, 107; Adrian, 120; Aurelius, 160; Severus, 202 ;
Maximin, 235 ; Decius, 250 ; Valerian, 257 ; Aurelian, 272 ;
and Dioclefian, 303. Thefe perfecutions were very ufeful to pre
vent the church's fwarming with errors, or the propagators of
them; for many, particularly the Gnofticks, fond of ming
ling the heathen philofophy with the goSpel of Chrift, formed
abominable tenets, in oppofition to his perfon and grace. The
monftrous Nero led the way in imperial perfecution. Having, for
his revenge or his diverfion, burnt part of Rome his capital, he
charged it to the Chriftians' account. — Multitudes of them were
burnt in heaps in his gardens, for his nocturnal recreation ; and,
in many corners of his vaft empire, they were inhumanly expofed
to wild beafts, or otherwife tortured and flain. For about 250
years after fcarcely a difafter, by fword, famine, or peililence,
came upon the Roman fubjects, but the heathens, and efpecially
their priefts, pretended that the toleration of the Chriftians in their
peculiar religion had provoked the gods to inflict it, and begged to
have them utterly extirpated. The persecutions above mentioned
were all of them remarkably diftreffing. Thofe of Aurelius and
Severus were extremely ruinous, Thofe under Maximin, De
cius, and Valerian, were ftill more furious and cruel. Millions
of Chriftians were murdered without, or by form of, law. Multi
tudes were, for the pubtc diverfions, torn to pieces by lions,
tigers, and other ravenous beafts, in the theatres. And the laft,
between A. D. 302 and 312, was ftill more terrible and bloody.
Almoft in every place of the Roman empire, Chriftians, and efpe
cially their preachers, were fcourged to death ; had their fleSh
pulled off them by pincers or mangled with broken pots ; or they
were torn afunder by beafts, or between trees ; or were roafted
between gentle fire' ; or, by holes made in their flefh, had melted
lead poured into their bowels. In Egypt alone, 144,000 are faid
to have been cut off by violent deaths, and 700,000 more ba-
nifhed. Their churches were every where demolished; and their
books, efpecially the fcriptures, fought out and burnt.
Scarcely any, whether the Jewifh nation or particular perfons,
as Herod, Domitian, &c. who had perfecuted the Chriftians, long
efcaped the vengeance of God. Terrible ravages, by the Goths,
Perfians, and others, had often punifhed the Roman empire. But
never was the vengeance of Heaven So manifeft as in the cafe of
Dioclefian and his affiftants. He, and Heraclius his partner, had
fcarcely begun their barbarous work when Galerius, their inftiga-
tor, caufed them to refign their authority and retire to a private
life. After living fome years in great anxiety, it is faid that Dio-
«lefian poifoned himfelf. After Several efforts to refume his im

perial authority, Heraclius had his neck broken for attempting
to murder Conftantine his Son-in-law. Maxentius and his army,
of about 200,000, were moil of them Skin by the enemy or
drowned in the Tiber, where they had laid fnares for Conftantine.
Galerius died of a moft tormenting and loathfome diftemper, beg
ging the prayers of the Chriftians as a mean of his relief. Con
ftantine, Son to Conftantius, the only Csefar who had not joined
in the perfecutions, being called from Britain, was made emperor
by his troops. He proclaimed a toleration of the Chriftian reli
gion in the whole Roman empire; but Maximin, his colleague in
the eaft, quickly revoked it, and attacked Conftantine's forces,
which were commanded by Licinus his brother-in-law. But, be
ing Shamefully routed, he in a fury murdered multitudes of the
heathen priefts, who had inftigated him to the war. When he
was ready to give a fecond battle to Licinus he was Struck with
blindnefs and terrible torments, in both body and mind. In rage
and defpair he poifoned himfelf, confeffing that he was plagued by
Jefus Chrift for his perfecution of the Chriftians. Licinus, who
was now deputy emperor in the Eaft, for a time pretended to fa
vour the Chriftians ; but, inftigated by the heathen priefts, he at
laft commenced a furious perfecutor. In three great battles, in
the laft of which about 100,000 were flain and himfelf taken pri
foner, Conftantine reduced him ; after which he was put to death;
Gen. iii. 15; Dan. xi. 30 — 35; Rev. vi. 3 — 12; John xv. 20;
xvi. 2, 33 ; and xxi. 18, 19 ; Acts xiv. 22; 2 Tim. ii. 11 ; and
iii. 12; Matt. xvi. 24; x. 17 — 22; 34 — 39; xxii. 6; andxxiv.
9, 10, 18; Luke xii. 49 — 53; and xxi. 12 — 17; Rev. ii. 10 ;
and iii. 10.  1 Cor. xi. 19; 2 Pet. ii. 1 — 3; Matt. xxiv. 5,
11,24; Acts xx. 29, 30 ; 1 Tim. iv. 1— 3; 2 Tim. iii. I — 6,
13; and iv. 3, 4.  Gen. iii. 15; Rev. vi. 12 — 17 ; and xii. 2
— 4, 7; Deut. xxxii. 36 — 43; Pf. ii. 1 — 6, 9, 12; xxi. 8 — 12;
lxviii. 14, 21, 23, 30; xciii. xevi — xcix ; ex. 5, 6; Ixxxix. 23;
xviii. 37 — 42; xxxv. 5,6, 26; and cxxxii. 18; If. viii. 9, 10;
ix. 4; xlii. 13, 1.4; xlix. 24 — 26; li. 22,23; l'v- T5) z7> x'i-
11; xiv. 24; ixiii. 1 — 6; and Ixvi. 15, 16 ; Rev. i. 7.
From A. D. 320 to 606 all the emperors, except Julian, pro-
feffed themfelves Chriftians. Conftantine and Theodofius in the
4th, and Juftin I. and Juftinian in the beginning of the 6th, cen
turies of the Chriftian aera, diftinguifhed themfelves by their care
for the church. Conftantine firft of all made the Chriftian the
eflablifhed religion of the empire. He admitted few but Chriftians
to places of power or truft ; and, while he erected churches and
fchools, and appointed falaries for their teachers, he warmly incul
cated, and carefully exemplified, the due obfervation of the Lord's
day. At firft he tried Soft methods for converting the heathens ;
but, finding them obftinate, he began to pull down their temples,
break in pieces their idols, and banifh, or even put to death, their
enraged priefts. By the free preaching of the gofpel, and by the
fpread thereof among the Indians, Perfians, and thofe on the eaft
of the Euxine fea, many were turned to the Lord. But Conftan
tine's exceffive kindnefs to the doctors of the Chriftian church,
and to their new converts, tempted them to ambition and diffimu-
lation. Many, awed by his authority or example, or attractedhy
the favours they expefted, profeffed themfelves Chriftians, who
had neither knowledge of, nor due regard to, Jefus or his truths.
By his affumption of a kind of headfliip over the church, at leaft in
fome inftances, the clergy were encouraged to model her govern-
meat according to the form of that eflablifhed in the empire. The
favours of Theodofius, Juftin, and Juftinian, were perverted to
much the Same purpofe. While the inundations of the ravaging
Goths, Huns, &c. were almoft ruining both church and ftate, the
Donatifts in Africa, who feparated from their fellow Chriftians as
not fufficiently pure in their practice ; the Arians and half Arians,
through moft of the empire, who denied our Saviour's proper di
vinity; the Pelagians, who denied the neceffity of his righteouf-
f 2

Scripture hiftory if

INTRO DUC T ION.

the Chriftian church.

nets for our j unification, and of his Spirit's influence to regene
rate the heart; the Neflorians, who were thought to hold a two
fold perfon in Chrift ; and the Eutychians, who allowed him but
©ne compounded nature; and other corrupters of the truth ; were
fearful plagues to the church, by their foul-ruining errors, and by
the furious contentions, rival councils, and even perfecutions and
maffacres, which they produced. The Arians, who in the fourth
century held about thirty-two councils, and had often perfecuting
kings or emperors to abet them, were peculiarly hurtful, and had
once forced moft of the clergy to their fide. But the doctrines of
Pelagius, efpecially when a little refined, gradually and more in-
fenfibly infected moft of the Chriftian church, both minifters and
people. By fuch means the church became a motley mats of practical
heathens, mingled with a few real and circumfpect Chriftians.
The great zeal of the fafhiOnable clergy was to render her, in her
cffices fuperior and fubordinate, fimilar to the imperial ftate ; and,
for the gratification of their carnal profelytes, to borrow whatever
they could from the Jewifh or heathen fuperftition. Even in the
fourth century lordly bifhops, metropolitans, archdeacons, fub-
deacons, exorcifts, and canonical fingers, were introduced. Can
dles were lighted by day in the churches. Incenfe was burnt while
prayers were offered or facraments adminiftered. On the flated
fafts fome particular meats were forborne. Abftinence from mar
riage was efteemed a high degree of fanctity, efpecially among the
clergy. Prayers viere directed to faints departed. Pretended re-r
.liques were held in great veneration. Images of faints, and of
Jefus Chrift, were placed in churches, and fometimes were wor
shipped. The clergy began to officiate in canonical robes, which
they held to be facred. Prayers were made for the dead, and even
fometimes for mitigation of torments to the damned. Baptifm
was held of abfolute neceffity to falvation ; and hence was admi
niftered to the dead, or by lay perfons. Pilgrimages to our Sa
viour's fepulchre, and a monkifh retirement from fellowfhip with
mankind, were reckoned a tranfcendant devotion. By the end of
the fixth century, the doctrines of the church were deeply infected
with Pelagianifm. The difcipline had been long remits, corrupt,
or partial, chiefly in favour of the liberal or the great ; and the
principal concern of the leading clergy was who fhould be greateft.
The notion of a purgatory or middle ftate ; multitudes of facred
feftivals and litanies, in honour of angels, the virgin Mary, and
martyrs; and confecrations of churches ; were introduced. Every
thing fuppofed to have had connection with martyrs was held in
veneration. But net contented with all thefe human or rather
devilifh inventions in the worfhip of God, Gregory the Great, a
fainted and famous bifhop of Rome, added his new canons of the
mats ; his canticles and antiphones ; and his almoft innumerable
ordinances concerning Stations, litanies, proceffions, lent, obla
tions for the dead, pontifical robes, confecrations, and reliques ;
Matt. xxiv. 5, n, 24; Acts xx. 29, 30; 1 Cor. xl. 19; 1 Tim.
iv. 1 — 3; 2 Tim. iii. 1 — 6, 13; and iv. 3, 4; 2 Pet. ii. 1 — 3;
Rev. vii. viii. and xii. 8 — 17.
In the beginning of the feventh century two principal enemies
to Jefus Chrift formally appeared on the earth ; the Mahometan de-
lufion in the Eaft, which has ever Since extirpated or opprefled the
Chriftian religion in a great* part of the world-; and the long-pre
dicted Antichrifl in the Weft. The imperial feat had been long
before removed to Conftantinople. The Weflern empire had been
abolifhed, and ten motley kingdoms formed out of its ruins.
Every fhadow of Rome's ancient forms of government, by kings,
confuls, decemvirs, tribunes, dictators, emperors, heathen or
Chriftian, was gone ; and Rome itSelf, in A. D. 566, fubjected
to the exarch of Ravenna. Thefe things had given the bifhops of
Rome an opportunity to extend their ambitious views. The cle
rical form of church government Still wanted an imperial Lord

over all, inftead of -Jefus Chrift ; and, by promoting divifions,,
by encouraging appeals to themfelves from the eaftern and other
bifhops, by pretending deeds of councils in their own favour, and
by unwearied ftruggles with the bifhops of Conftantinople, the
Romifh .bifhops had long and earneftly contended for the fupre-
macy. About A. D. 606, or 608, Phocas, an abfolute monfter
of treachery, cruelty, and every thing horrid, had, by the inhu
man murder of his worthy mafter Mauritius and family, become
the emperor of the Eaft. It feems the bifhop of Conftantinople
difdained the friendfhip of this infernal wretch. But Boniface III.
of Rome, by his fulfome flatteries, obtained his imperial appoint
ment to be the Universal Bishop of the Chriftian church. — De
puties were immediately difpatched throughout- the Weflern
churches, to introduce the new Gregorian fuperftition, and to
procure a formal fubmiffion to the Roman pope. The mifeionaries
being extremely ignorant of every thing important, or at leaft in
capable of officiating in the language of the places to which they
were fent, it is faid Pope Vitalian, about A. D. 666, appointed
their public worfhip to be every where performed in the now long-
difufed Latin tongue. This at once concealed the ignorance of
his miffionaries, and became a Standing badge of the church's
fubjeetion to Rome. Juft five prophetic months, or 150 years,
after the pope had obtained his fpiritual fupremacy, and 666 years
after John had received his revelations in Patmos, Pope Ste
phen III. affifted by Pepin king of France, who by the help of a
former pope had treacheroufly ufurped his matter's throne, ren
dered himfelf a Civil Lord of the Slates of Rome, Ravenna, and
Pentapolis ; in confequence of which his cardinals, or privy coun
sellors, dreffed themfelves in purple and fcarlet. Several of the
fucceeding popes claimed an abfolute power to difpofe of, not only
the Chriftian kingdoms and empires, but even of what belonged
to heathens, every where in the world. By deceiving or terrifying
princes with their excommunications and interdicts, by decoying
or forcing them to the holy war in Canaan, and by railing up
traitors againft them, they caufed them to fubmit to their flavery.
The ten kingdoms, which had been formed out of the ruins of
the Weflern empire, ail fubmitted to the idolatry, fuperftition, and
clerical tyranny, of Rome. The haughty pontiffs even pretended
to command the angels, whether good or bad, to do-what they
pleated : nay, they claimed an authority over Jehovah himfelf;—
in empowering their priefts to create or divide the glorified body
of his Son at their pleafure ; — in adding to his Standard of faith and
practice apocryphal tracts, human traditions, and decrees of popes
or their councils ; — in founding the authority of his oracles on the
will of their church, and, contrary to his exprefs command, de
barring all but their clergy from the free perufal of them ; — in
altering, reverting, or confirming, his laws as they pleafed ; — in
making multitudes of perfons and things his partners in worfhip,
and in protection of the world ; — in appointing multitudes of holi
days, in oppofition to his law; — and by pardoning men's fin or
indulging them in it, and cancelling the obligations of oaths, &c.
Moft dreadful were the Scenes of wickednefs againft God and man
which prevailed in the whole Antichriftian body, but efpecially
among their clergy. Thefe, regular and fecular, multiplied like
locufls, till, by their delufions and oppreffive exactions, they every
where deftroyed the fouls of the people, enflaved their bodies, and
ruined their eitates. Under the different denominations of Au*
guftinians, Benedictines, Francifcans, Dominicans, Carmelites,
jefuites, &c. huge armies of monks zealoufly fupported the Rc-
mifh bifhop and his abominations. In the Benedictine order
alone, before the Reformation, it is faid there had been above
15,000 monasteries, 24 popes, 200 cardinals, 1600 archbifhops,
4000 bifhops, 15,700 abbots, who had been authors, and 156,000
deified faints.' — While the pope and his clergy wallowed in every
flefhly abomination, and every where fpread the moft pernicious

Scripture hiftory of

INTRODUCTION.

the Chriftian church.

errors, groSs idolatry, and fuperftition ; by pretences to uncommon
fanctity, and by magical wonders and pretended vifions, they made
their ignorant votaries bejieve what they pleated. By inhumanly
excluding from trade, or even from their habitations, fuch as dif-
Sented from them ; and by murderous inquifitions, maffacres, and
wars, in which millions of Waldenfes and Proteftants were Slain ;
they terrified others into a blind Submission ; Dan. vii. 8, 20 — 25 ;
and xi. 36 — 39 ; 2 Theff. ii. 3 — 12; I Tim. iv. I — 3 ; 2 Tim.
iii. 1 — 7, 13; and iv. 3, 4; Rev. ix. 1 — 11 ; xi. 2; xiii. xvii.
I — 14, 17, 18; and xviii. 12, 13.
Notwithftanding the diabolical fraud and barbarous rage of thefe
Antichriftian locufls and their abettors, Jefus Chrift has always
qualified and encouraged a proper number to bear witnefs for his
injured doctrines and laws againft the contrary abominations.
Among whom may be reckoned the council of Charles the Great
of France at Frankfort, in the eighth century : Claude bifhop of
Turin, and his followers, in Piedmont, in the ni.ith and tenth :
the Waldenses, in the fouth of France, in the twelfth and Sab-
Sequent centuries ; who, by war and persecution, were 'fcati.cred
into Germany, Italy, and Britain; and of whom Width. 7 and his
followers in England, in the fourteenth century, and HuS's and nis
followers in Germany, in the fifteenth, were the genuine offspiing.
Notwithftanding their faithful contendings, and notwithstanding
dreadful judgments inflicted by Saracens, Turks, &c. the Anti-
chriftians ftill prevailed. The oracles of God were almoft wholly
unknown. Many of the bifhops had never perufed, and perhaps
never feen, them. Doctrines were tried by falfe miracles and
lying wonders, not by the word of God. Many of the leading
truths of the gofpel were buried in oblivion, and the contrary
errors eflablifhed and believed. Even the remains of truth were
rendered almoft unintelligible, by fcholaftic terms and arguments.
Religion lay buried under wicked and fenfelefs traditions and papal
decrees. Worfhip was drowned in depths of heatheniSh, Jewifh,
or magical, fuperftitions. Devotion chiefly confifted in adoring
the 'facramental bread, the Virgin Mary, faints, angels, images,
and reliques. Pardons of fin, or indulgences therein ; admiffions
to ecclefiaftical offices, or even to celeftial thrones ; were fold for
money ; and none but the poor, who could pay nothing, were con
signed to eternal damnation. In ignorance many of the clergy
were Similar to brutes ; but in pride, avarice, oppreffion, lewd-
nefs, blafphemy, and every thing abominable, they were complete
internals. Meanwhile God, — by making the holy war a means of
introducing knowledge from the eaft, — by forcing the learned
Greeks into the papal dominions, — through the capture of Con
ftantinople by the Turks, — and by caufing the contentions between
rival popes, and the ftruggles of the councils of Bafil and Pifa, to
fink the credit of the pontiff's among their votaries, — prepared the
way for the Proteftant reformation.
In A. D. 1 517 Zuinglius in Switzerland, and Luther in Ger
many, Shocked with the blafhemous manner in which the papal
pardons of, and. indulgences in, fin were expofed to fale, openly
declared their deteftation of them. By a diligent fearch of the
fcriptures, in defence of their conduct, their views of divine truth
were exceedingly enlarged ; and what they apprehended themfelves
they boldly preached to others, and warned them of their danger
in a continued adherence to Rome. Wearied of the tyranny, and
detefting the riionftroos wickednefs, of the Romifh clergy, multi
tudes embrace '¦¦ their doctrines, and attempted to fearch the fcrip
tures for themfelves : for which purpofe the learned reformers fup
plied them every where with tranfialious in their mother tongue.
Notwithstanding the urmoft efforts cf the popifti rulers in both
church and ftate, by pretend.: d n iracles and apportions; by per
fidy and flat! o-y ; by prohibitions of Prctoftant books; by 'wars,
perfecutions, and maflJcres ; — ,id notwithstanding the lukewarm-
nets, fcinc'.Js, contentions) i..:J even enthuiiaftic madnefs and

horrible blafphemy, which took place among too many of the no
minal Proteftants ; — the true fcriptural religion was, in lefs than
fifty years, not only preached with remarkable fuccefs, but form
ally eftablifhed by the civil authority, in a great part of Germany
— in Sweden — in Denmark — in Holland and half of S ,, itzerland —
— and in Britain ; and was, by public edicts, allowed in France,
Poland, Hungary, and Tranfylvania. Since that period the Pro
teftant religion has been almoft entirely rooted out of Hungary,
Auftria, Bohemia, France, Palatinate on the Rhine, &c. ; and
the Papifts have geatly increafed in Several oS the Proteftant do
minions. Perhaps the number of Proteftants in Europe may have
decreafed 15,000,000 from what it was about 200 or 180 years
ago. On Several occafions, as in Germany 141 8 and 1550, and
in Britain 1558 and 1688, the oppofers of Antichrift have been
remarkably delivered, after they had for three years and an half
appeared on the very brink of destruction. But the great flaugh-
ter of Chrift's witneffes, by the apoftatizing of Proteftants to the
effentials of popery, and by the perfecution of fuch as fhall con
tinue faithful, and their glorious refurreition, we fuppofe, are ftill
future; Rev. xi. 2 — 10; xiv. I — 23; and xvii. 14 — 17.
Partial effufions of the vials of God's wrath upon the Anti-
chriftians have alfo taken place. The Saracens not only murdered
their eaflern brethren in error, idolatry, and fuperftition; but,
about A. D. 713, conquered Spain, and afterwards ravaged
France and a part of Italy ; feized upon Sicily and Naples ; and
thought it highly meritorious to harafs and murder the Romifh
idolaters. — -From A. D. 830 to 980 the contentions between the
defcendants of Charles the Great, and the invafions of the Hun
garians, deluged Germany, France, and Italy, with torrents of
human blood  From A. D. 1090 to 1290 millions perifhed ia
the pretended holy war with the infidel Saracens and Seljukian
Turks Sor the recovery of Canaan. Scarcely a kingdom in Eu
rope but was difordered in its constitution, drained of men, and
beggared of wealth, by thefe mad attempts; which the popes pro
moted with all their fury and craft, that they might have an op
portunity to extend their pov^er in Europe, while the princes of
the refpective nations warred in the Eaft. From A. D. 1200 to
1370 the furious wars between the papal and imperial factions,
commonly called Guelfs and Gibelins, rendered Germany and
Italy* a comparative defert. Between A. D. 1370 and 1447, or
later, the frequent contentions of rival popes, and the brave refin
ance of the faithful Bohemians, involved the Antichriftian domi
nions in terrible mifery and bloodfhed. — Between A. D. i486
and 1534 a fweating ficknefs and other peftilential diforders, cut
off multitudes in England, Germany, and France. — Between
1370 and 1698 the Ottoman Turks made the moft Shocking ha-
vock among the Papifts who inhabited Hungary, Poland, Dalma-
tia, the Mediterranean ifles, and even part of Italy and Germany.
But none of thefe plagues in the leaft reformed the pope or his
votaries. — When, between A. D. 15 1 7 and 1570, about the half
of his fubjects revolted, and embraced the Proteftant religion,
Shame obliged dieir neighbours to drop feveral of their papal cuf-
toms, that were abfolutely Stupid or horribly wicked ; but the
whole fubftance of their efrors and corruptions, a little varnifhed,
was judicially eftablifhed by the council of Trent, which was
concluded A. D. 1563. But at the end of 1260 years from the
birth of the pontiff's ecclefiafic or civil fupremacy, i. e. about
A. D. 1866 or 2016, we expect ftill more tremendous vials of
divine wrath to be poured out upon the Antichriftian ftate, which,
for about thirty years, fhall tender their perfons and countries
miferable; and, together with the pure preaching of the gofpel,
Shall abolilh their pretended religion at the very fame time that the
delations of Mahomer flail be banifhed from the eaft. The
princes who had long fupported the papal intereft, ar.d their Sub
jects, enlightened by the gofpel, fhall, with an active zeal, deteft

INTRODUCTION.

and

xii. i,

10—

; 2

Tim.

iii. 9

XV.

7,8;

xvi.

Dan. vii. n, 26 ;
¦12; Zeph. iii. 8; Joel iii. 12 — 14:
; Rev. ix. xi. 13, 18, 19; xiii. 10;
xvii. 14 — 17; xviii. and xix. 2,

xi. 40 —
2 Theff.
xiv. 4 —
II — 21 ;

Scripture hiftory of
its wickednefs and accelerate its ruin
ii. 20
Deut. xxxii. 36 — 43.
The Antichriftian and Mahometan delufions being extirpated
from the face of the earth, the gofpel will, we expect, with amaz
ing rapidity and fuccefs, fpread through the whole habitable world.
Both Jews and Gentiles fhall heartily embrace it, and turn to the
Lord with one confent, and unite in his body the church. Then
Shall her doctrine, worfhip, difcipiine, and government, be re-
Stored to the apoftolic plan, and exactly correfpond with the mea-
furing line and reed of God's word. Aftonifhing Shall be the abi
lities, labours, and fuccefs, of her pallors and other officers ; and
amazing the knowledge, hoiinefs, zeal, order, unanimity, and
peace other members. Such fhall be their multitude and quality,
as if all the ancient martyrs had rifen from their graves to enjoy
the moft glorious fellowfhip with Chrift. So general fhall be the
reformation of mankind, that perhaps few will remain apparently
wicked : and long, perhaps a thoufand years, fhall this happy
period continue; Gen. iii. 15; xii. 2,3; xxii. 18; xxvi. 4;
xxviii. 14; and xlix. 10; Deut. xxxii. 36, 43; PS. ii. 8; xiv.
7; xviii. 43 ; xxii. 27 — 31; xiv. 3 — 6,9 — 17; xlvii. lxv. 5 ;
Ixvi. 1—4; lxvii. lxviii. 22 — 35; lxix. 33 — 36; Ixxii. lxxxvii.
¦Ixxxix. 2, 3, 18 — 29; xciii. xevi — c. ex. cxxxii. 13 — 18; and
cxlix. IS. i. 25 — 28; ii. 2 — 5, 17 — 21; iv. 2 — 6; ix. 8; xi.
xii. xviii. 7 ;'xix. 18 — 25; xxiv. 23; xxv. xxvi. xxvii. 1 — 6, 12,
13; xxix. 18 — 24; xxx. 18 — 26, 29; xxxii. I — 4, 15 — 20 ;
xxxv. xii. 10 — 20; xiii. 1 — 16; xliv. 2 — 5; xiv. 22 — 25;
xlix. 6 — 26; Iii. 15; liii. 10 — 12; liv. lv. Ivi. 8; lvii. 14 — 19;
lix. 16 — -21; lx — lxii. lxiii. 1 — 5; lxv. 16 — 25; and Ixvi. 8 —
14, 18 — 24; Jer. xxxi. xxxiii. Ezek. xvii. 22 — 24; xxxiv. 11
— 31; and xxxvi— xlviii. Dan. ii. 35, 44; vii. 14, 22, 27; and
ii. 12; HoS. i. 10, 11; ii. 14 — 23; iii. 5; vi. 2; and xiv. Joel
-32; and iii. 16—21; Amos ix. 11 — 15; Mic. iv. v.
14 — 20; Zeph. iii. 9 — 20; Hag. ii. 6 — 9; Zech. ii. 10
viii. 20— 23 ; and xiv. 8 —11, 20, 21 ; Mal. iv. 2 ; Rom.
15,25 — 32; Rev. vii. xi. 11 — 19; xv. 2 — 4; xix. 1 — 9;
-5 ; xxi. and xxii. I — 6.
At the end oS this bleffed period, perhaps about A. D. 2860 or
3000, Satan will be again looSed Srom his long reftraint ; and,
atter corrupting the members of the church, will affemble the
Turks, Ruffians, or others of a like favage temper, to deftroy
her : but the fearful vengeance of God fhall overtake them in their
attempts. — Then Cometh the end of the world, at what diflance
we know not ; when Jefus, who had all along from the creation
managed whatever pertained to his church, whether in heaven or
earth, Shall appear with power and great glory, attended with all
his holy angels, to judge the world ; efpecially with refpect to their
behaviour towards him and his people. The unnumbered millions
of mankind, now raifed from their graves, Shall attend at his bar
for trial, and to receive their final Sentence of everlafting happinefs
or mifery. The faints being caught up to the right hand of Jefus
Chrift in the air, fhall be openly acknowledged, acquitted, and
adjudged to happinefs. Devils, and their wicked feed among
mankind, while their fins are publickly expofed, Shall be con
demned, and immediately driven to everlafting mifery in hell.
Then Shall Jefus in folemn manner conduct his ranfomed faints
into the everlafting happinefs of heaven, and prefent them before
his Father faultlefs, with exceeding joy. — Then, to mark the
emptinefs of the carnalifts' portion ; to give them a terrible exclu
sion from it; and to purge this lower v/orld from every effect of
the curfe ; and that it may, for the eternal advantage of the faints
and honour of God, be fafhioned anew ; it fhall be wholly burnt ;
Luke xviii. 8; and xvii. 24 — 37; Matt. xxiv. 36—41; Mark

ii. 28-
and vii.
~i3:

XI. XX,

12,

the Chriftian church*
Gen. iii. 15 ; Deut. xxxii. 36
2 — 6; xevi. n — 13; xcviii.
Dan. xii. 2, 3; Ecc!. xii. 14;

xiii. 24 — 27; Rev. xx. 7 — 15;
—43 ; Job. xix. 25—27 ; Pf.t.
7, 8 ; and ex. 5, 6 ; If. xxvi. 19 ;
Hof. xiii. 14; Matt. xxii. 11—13, 3°» 31 » xxiv- 29 — 3l> 42 —
51 ; xxv. 6 — 13, 19 — 46; and xxvi. 64; John v. 28, 29; and
xiv. 3 ; Acts iii. 21 ; and xvii. 31 ; Rom. ii. 16; and xiv. 9—
12 ; 2 Cor. v. 10; 1 Theff. iv. 14- 17 ; Heb. ix. 28 ; 1 Cor. xv.
20 — 55 ; 2 Theff. i. 6 — 10 ; 1 Tim. vi. 14, 15 ; Tit. ii. 13 ;
2 Tim. iv. 8 ; I Pet. iv. 5; Col. iii. 4; Jude 14, 16; Rev. i.

7 ; and xxii. 12, 20 ;
19 ; 1 Cor. xiii. 12 ;
Rev. xxi. xxii, 1 — 5 :
lxv. 17, 18 j and Ixvi,

Pf. xix. 15
If. xxxv.
and vii
22.

17;
10;
—17

xvi. 10, 11 ;

li. 11 ;
2 Pet,

and iii.

and xxxi,
lx. 19, 20;
IO—13; If.

Year
of the
world. 1

129

235

98;

IO56

!536

1656

1657

BeforeChrift.
4OO4

CHAP. V.
A Chronological Harmony of the fcripture hifories, and
of the fulfilment of its predictions.
From eternity Jehovah himfelf alone fubfifted in
three perfons, Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft;
Gen, xxi. 33; Deut. x'xxiii. 27 ; Pf. xc. 2 ; If.
xliv. 6; Hab. i. 12; 1 John v. 7; 2 Cor, xiii.
14; Matt, xxviii. 19; and iii. 16, 17, &c.
God decreed whatever comes to pafs ; Acts xv. 18;
If. xlvi. 10; Eph. i. 11 ; 2 Tim. i. 9, &c. He
made the covenant of grace with his Son as the
Mediator and Reprefentative of his elect ; Pf. xl.
6 — 8; and Ixxxix. 3, 4; If. liii. 10; Jer. xxx.
21 ; Zech. vi. 13.
God created all things ; covenanted with mankind ;
Adam fell into fin, and his pofterity in him ; God
publifhed falvation by Chrift, but denounced trou
bles and forrows in this life ; Gen. i — iii ; Exod.
xx. 11 ; Eccl. vii. 29; Rom. v. 12 — 21 ; 1 Cor.
XV. 22.
Cain, and not long after Abel, is born, perhaps with
twin-fifters. Some years after Cain becomes a
hufbandman, Abel a fhepherd ; Gen. iv.
Cain and Abel offer facrifice. Cain murders Abel,
and is punifhed ; but his family increafes ; Gen.
iv. Heb. xi. 4; 1 John iii. 12; Jude. Next year
Seth is born.
Enofh is born. Public focieties for God's worfhip
are introduced, to diftinguifh the Sethites from the
offspring of Cain; Gen. v. 6 ; and iv. 26.
After predicting the laft judgment, pious Enoch is
translated to heaven without tailing of death; Gen.
v. 23, 24; Heb. xi. 5; Jude 14, 15.
Noah, the famous preacher and patriarch, is born,
to the great joy of Lamech his father; Gen. v.
28 ; Ezek. xiv. 14, 20.
The Sethites marrying with the Cainites, men be
come abominably wicked. Noah warns them of
the flood, and begins to build his ark ; Gen. vi.
Heb. xi. 7; 1 Pet. iii. 20 ; 2 Pet. ii, 5.
Methufhelah, fon of Enoch, dies. The world, with
perhaps double of its prefent inhabitants, is drowned
by a flood. Noah, his family, and fome animals,
are preferved in the ark; Gen. v. 27; and vii.
Lukexvii.26, 27; Matt. xxiv. 37 — 39; Job xxii.
16; 1 Pet. iii. 19, 20; 2 Pet. ii. 5; and iii. 6.
The flood ceaSes ; the ark Settles in Armenia : Noah,

4003

3^75

37^9

3017

2468

2468

2348

J347

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, &c

Y. of
world.

I760

2008 2079 2083

,2091

2093

2.106

2107

Before
ChriJt.

2244

I996 I925 19

r9i3

2108

911

1898

1897

1896

his fons, and the animals, come forth of the ark.
Noah offers facrifices of thankfgiving. God co
venants with him ; allows him to eat flefh ; forbids
murd.-r ; gives him the rainbow, as a token that
tne earth fhoud never more be drowned. Not
long after Noah plants a v ineyard ; is drunk ; and
foretels the fate of his feed; Gen. viii, ix. If. liv.
8-10.
Men, being generally recorrupted, build the tower
of Babel. God confounds their language, and
difperfes them. Nimrod founds a kingdom in
Chaldea, Afhur another in Affyria, and Mizraim
a third in Egypt; Gen. x. xi. xii.
Two years after the death of Noah Abraham is born,
in the 130th year of Terah. Sarai or IScah, his
brother Haran's daughter, is born ten years after;
Gen. xi. 26 — 32 ; xvii. 17 ; and xx. 12.
Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, fubdues the kingdoms of
Sodom, Gomorrah, &c. Gen. xiv. 1 — 3.
Terah dying after they had dwelt five years in Haran,
Abraham, directed by God, and encouraged by a
promife of Chrift and a numerous feed, enters Ca
naan. The land is promifed to his feed. A famine
forces him into Egypt. From hence the 430 years
of the Hebrew fojourning are reckoned by fome;
Gen. xii. Jofh. xxiv. 2, 3 ; Neh. ix. 7, 8 ; Pfal.
cv. 9 — 15 ; Exod. xii. 40, 41 ; Acts vii. 2—5 ;
Gal. iii. 17 ; Heb. xi. 8.
Returning to Canaan, Lot retires to Sodom. God
renews his covenant with Abraham. He removed
fouthward to Hebron, and built an altar for the
worfhip of God; Gen. xiii.
After twelve years fervitude the kings of Sodom, Go
morrah, Admah, Zeboim, and Zoar, revolted ;
Chedorlaomer and his allies ravage their country,
defeat their troops, take Lot and others captive.
Abraham defeats the conquerors, refcues the pri
foners, recovers the fpoil, and is bleffed by Mel-
chizedek. God promifes him a numerous feed,
and Canaan for their inheritance; Gen. ix. 25; and
xiv. xv. Heb. vii. 1 — 11 ; Acts vii. 6, 7; Gal.
iii. 17; Pf. cv. 9 — 15; Neh. ix. 7, 8.
Defpairing of the promifed feed by herfelf, Sarah
gives Hagar to Abraham for a concubine, that She
might bear it. After Hagar had fled from the fa
mily, and returned, file bears IShmael; Gen. xvi.
and xxv. 12 — 18; Gal. iv. 22 — 31.
God. conftitutes Abram, and his Seed by ISaac, his
peculiar people; appoints circumcifion as the Seal
of this covenant ; • changes Abram's and Sarai's
names. — Soon after he and two angels vifit Abra
ham and Sarah, renew the promife of Ifaac's
birth ; Abraham intercedes for the prefervation of
Sodom, &c. ; the two angels warn Lot and his
family to remove; Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah,
and Zeboim, are deftroyed by fire and brimftone ;
Lot's wife is turned into a pillar of fait; the Dead
fea is formed out of this country. Not long after
Lot, made drunk by his two daughters, commits
inceft with them, and hence the Moabites and Am
monites proceeded; Gen. xvii — xix. If. xiii. 19;
aid i. 9, 10; Ezek. xvi. 46 — 50; Zeph. ii. 9 ;
2 Pet. ii. b — 8 ; Jude 7 ; Amos iv. 1 1.
Sarah bears Ifaac. About three or Sour years after
IShmael mocks him 3 and he and Hagar are in con-

. off Bef-re
orld. Chrift.

Y, world

2144

2148

2l68

2l83

2208

i860

2244

2251

2265

227O

2276

2286

2288

2289

1856

I836

1821

I796

I760

1753

£739
x734
1728 1718

1716

1715

Sequence expelled from the family; Gen. rcxr.
Acts vii. 8; Rom. ix. 9; Heb. xi. 11, 12; Gal.
iv. 22 — 31.
To try Abraham's faith and obedience, God com
mands him to offer Ifaac in facrifice. Abraham
readily obeys ; Ifaac's death is prevented, and Abra
ham -and his family greatly bleffed; Gen. xxu.
Heb. xi. 17 — 19; James ii. 21-  Soon after,
Sarah dies ; and is buried at Machpelah ; Gen.
xxiii. and xlix. 30 — 32.
Ifaac, by the direction of Providence, is married to
Rebekah the daughter of Bethuel, his Syrian cou-
Sin; Gen. xxiv. Shem., the fon of Noah, dies ten
years after; Gen. xi. 10, 11.
While Abraham's family by Keturah and Hagar
mightily increafe, Efau and Jacob are born to
Ifaac; Gen. xxv. Jofh. xxiv. 4; Acts vii. 8.
Rom. ix. 10 — 13.
Abraham dies. Four years after Heber, the great
grandfon of Shem, dies, aged 464 years ; from
whom the Hebrews were named; Gen. xxv. 7 ;
and xi. 17.
Efau, having fold Jacob his birthright, marries two
Canaanites, which grieves his parents; Gen. xx.-,
27 — 34; and xxvi. 34; Heb. xii. 16.
Being bleffed of God, Ifaac greatly profpers, notwith
standing the Philiftines' envy; Gen. xxvi.
Inftigated by his mother, Jacob fraudulently obtains
his father's principal bleffing. Efau's rage hereat
obliges him to flee to Mefopotamia. He receives
a vilion and promife at Bethel ; arrives at Haran ;
and ferves Laban his uncle; Gen. xxvii — xxix.
Heb. xii. 16; Gen. xxxi. 13; Hof. xii. 3, 4, 12.
For his fervice, Jacob receives Leah and Rachel,
his two coufins, for wives ; by whom, and their
handmaids, within fourteen years, he has eleven
fons and one daughter. God alfo renders him rich
in flocks ; Gen. xxix. xxx. Hof. xii. 12; Acts
vii. 8.
After ferving Laban for twenty year?, Jacob and his
family privately remove to Canaan. Laban pur-
fues, but is pacified. — Jacob meets with angels at
Mahanaim ; — with God at Peniel ; and with Efau
in love; Gen. xxxi — xxxiii.
Dinah is deflowered, and the Shechemites circum
cifed and murdered. Jacob removes to Bethel,
where Deborah, Rebekah's nurfe, dies. Soon after
Rachel dies in childbirth of Benjamin. Reuhen
commits inceft with Bilhah ; Gen. xxxiv. xxxv.
Jofeph, now Seventeen years old, is, for his dreams,
hated, and fold, by his brethren, to Ifhmaelites and
Midianites, who fell him to Potiphar the Egyptian ;
Gen. xxxvii. Pfal. cv. 17 ; Acts vii. 9.
About feventeen years after his marriage with Shuah
the Canaanitefs, Judah commits inceft with Tamar
his daughter-in-law, who bears him Pharez aid
Zerah. — Jofeph refutes to commit adultery with his
miftrefs ; and, by falie accufation, is imprifoned j
Gen. xxxviii. xxxix. Pfal. cv. 18.
Ifaac dies, aged 180 years. Soon after Efau removes
from Canaan, and finally fettles in Mount Seir j
where his family, cohabiting with the Horites,
wonderfully increafed; Gen. xxxv. 28, 29; and
xxxvi.
Having, perhaps two years befoie, interpreted the

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, &c.

Y. of
world .

2296 22g8

BeforeChrift.

I708 I706

23°323J5 2369
3413 2473

2513

1701 1689
1591
I531

149 1

dreams of the baker and butler, Jofeph is liberated,
and interprets thofe of Pharaoh ; is made ruler of
Egypt, and married to a princefs; Gen. xl. xii,
Pfal. cv. 19 — 22 ; Acts vii. 10.
After feven plenteous years, a terrible famine begins
in Egypt and the places about; Gen. xiii. 52;
Acts vii. n ; Pfal. cv. 16.
After Jacob's fons had twice gone to Egypt to buy
corn, and been tried by Jofeph, he, and all his fa
mily, go and refide there, and are nourifhed by
Jofeph; Gen. xiii — xlvi. Acts vii. 11 — 15; Pfal.
cv. 17, 23 ; Jofh. xxiv. 4.
By the fale of the corn which he had laid up during
the plenteous years, Jofeph renders the money,
cattle, lands, and perfons of the Egyptians, their
king's property ; Gen. xlvii.
After blefling Jofeph's fons and his own, Jacob dies,'
and is with great pomp carried to Canaan and bu
ried. Jofeph's brethren fupplicate forgivenefs ;
Gen. xlviii — 1. Acts vii. 15, 16; Heb. xi. 21.
Jofeph, having foretold the deliverance from Egypt,
and given order concerning his bones, dies; Gen.
1. 22 — 26; Heb. xi. 22.
The oppreffion of the Ifraelites begins. Twenty years
after Mofes is born; and is Saved from the water,
and educated, by Pharaoh's daughter ; Gen. xv.
13; Exod. i. ii. 1 — 10; vii. 7; and xvi. 20;
Acts vii. 18 — 22; Heb. xi. 23.
Mofes, now forty years old, kills a murderous Egyp
tian ; flees into Midian ; marries Jethro's daughter;
Exod. ii. 11— 22; Acts vii. 23—29; Heb. xi.
24 — 26.
About this time Job is plunged into great diftrefs ;
difputes with his friends ; is reproved by his Maker,
and gracioufly delivered; Job i — xiii. James v.
11 ; Ezek. xiv. 14, 20.
Pitying the Hebrews' affliction, God appears to Mo
fes at Sinai in a burning bufh ; appoints him and
Aaron to lead them out of Egypt. — After ten
plagues the Egyptians allow them to depart ; but
afterwards purfue them through the Red fea, arid
are drowned, to the great joy of the Hebrews ;
Gen. xv. 13, 14 ; and xlvi. 4; Exod. ii. 23 — 25 ;
iii — xv. and xx. 2; Deut. iv. 20, 34; vii. 18,
19; xi. 2, 3; and xxix. 2, 3; Jofh. xxiv. 5 —
7; 1 Sam. xii. 8; Neh. ix. 9 — 12; Pf. Ixvi. iq
— 12; lxxiv. 12 — 15; Ixxviii. 12 — 14,42 — 53;
lxxx. 8; Ixxxi. 5, 6; lxxvii. 13 — 20; cv. 26 —
39; cxiv. 1 — 3; exxxv. 8, 9; and exxxvi. 10 —
15; If. lxiii. 7 — 14; Jer. xxxii. 20, 21 ; Ezek.
xvi. 3 — 6; Acts vii 30 — 36; Heb. xi. 27 — 29.
Directed by the pillar of cloud, the Hebrews travel
in the Arabian defert fouth- eaflward to Sinai. The
bitter waters of Marah are fweetened. Quails,
manna, and water from the rock, are beftowed by
God for their provifion. They defeat the Amalek
ites, and have rulers appointed ; receive God's
laws from Mount Sinai, and are entered into cove
nant with him. God directs the form of his taber
nacle ; appoints his priefts, and their confecration.
Mofes receives the tables of the moral law, but
breaks them when he beheld the Hebrews worfhip-
ping their golden calf. By his interceffion their
deftruction is prevented, and the tables of the law
renewed ; Exod. xv. 22 — 2,6 ; and xvi — xxxiv.

Y. of
world.

2514

Before Chrift.

I490

2552

1452

2553

1451

Deut. i. 6 — 18; iv. v. ix. andx. 1—5; Neh. ix.
12 — 20; Pf. lxviii. 7, 8, 17; Ixxviii. 15 — 25; cv.
40, 41 ; and cvi. 13 — 16, 19 — 23 ; Ezek. xvi. 8—
14; and xx. 5 — i6; Acts vii. 37 — 44.
The furniture of the tabernacle is formed. It is
erected, confecrated, and dedicated; Exod. xxxv— •
xl. Num. vii. Aaron and his Sons are confe-
crated Sor priefts ; Lev. viii. ix. Laws of obla
tions, purifications, and feftivals, are enacted by
God; Lev. i — vii. x — xxvii. The fecond paffover
is kept ; Num. ix. The Hebrews are numbered
and marfhalled; Num. i. ii. x. ; and Levites ap
pointed to ferve God inftead of the firft born, and
confecrated; Num. iii. iv. viii. After the giving
of fome other. laws concerning the purity of the
camp, fufpected adultereffes, Nazarites, the priefts
blefling of the people, and making two filver trum
pets, the Hebrews march from Sinai. They mur
mur, and are plagued ; have feventy elders added or
confirmed in office. Miriam is Smitten with le-
profy, and healed. The fpies fearch Canaan. On
their falfe report the Ifraelites defpife it, and are
condemned to wander and die in the wildernefs.
Korah and his companions rebel, and are fearfully
deftroyed. The priefthood is confirmed to Aaron
and his family by the budding of his rod ; and fome
laws, relative to oblations and purification, are
given; Num. v. vi. x — xix. and xxxiii. 15 — 20;
Deut. i. 19 — 46; ix. 22, 23; and xi. 5, 6; Pfal.
Ixxviii. 30 — 40; and cvi. 17, 18, 24 — 27.
After wandering thirty-feven years in the Arabian
defert, the Ifraelites come back to Kadefhbarnea.
They murmur for want of water : Mofes fmites a
rock to provide them with it. He and Aaron of-
fenc Tod. The Edomites refute the Ifraelites a
paffage. Aaron dies. The Ifraelites murmur at
the manna, and are plagued by fiery ferpents, but
healed by the fight of a brazen one. They con
quer the Canaanitifh kingdoms of Sihon and Og on
the eaft of Jordan, which are after- ards given to
the Reubenites, Gadites, and Manaffites ; Num.
xxx. 21 — 47; xxxi. and xxxii. Deut. ii. iii. and
x. 6. Pf. cvi. 32, 33 ; John iii. 14, 15 ; Joih. xii.
1 — 6 ; xiii. 8 — 32 ; and xx. 8 ; Neh. ix. 16 — 23 ;
Ezek. xx. 17. — 26.
Balaam, at Balak's requeft, repeatedly attempts to
curfe the Hebrews ; but God obliges him to blefs
them, and denounce deftruction upon their ene
mies. Advifed by him, the women of Moab and
Midian feduce the Ifraelites to whoredom and ido
latry; which iffues in a plague to ifrael, and in
deftruction to Balaam and the Midianites ; Numb.
xxii — xxv: and xxxi. Pfal. cvi. 28 — 31; 2Pet.fi.
14, 15; Jude ri ; Rev. ii. 14; Mic.'vi. 4; Deut.
xxiii. 3—6; Jofh. xxiv. 9, 10 ; and xiii. 21, 22.
 The new generation of Ifraelites are number
ed; the manner of dividing Canaan fettled ; Jofhua
appointed to conquer it; its boundaries marked out,
and princes nominated to divide it; Gen. xv. 18 —
21 ; Num. xxvi. xxvii. xxxiv. Laws of oblations
at feftivals ; of vows ; of cities of refuge ; and of
marriage of heireffes, are inft'ttuted; Num. xxviii—
xxx. xxxv. xxxvi.
After a moft folemn rehearfal of God's providences ;
an inculcation, explication, and enlargement of his

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, &c ¦

V. of
Wtrld.

2254

2560

Before Chriit

I45C

1444

5*57°

cxxxvi, -14;

17—22; and xx,

Jer. 2

H34

259' H13

2579
2599 or
2587
2679 or
?645
2719 ot
2745

2759 or
2792

4-5

1405 or
1417

r335 or
r359
1285 or
1259

1245 or
121 2

laws ; and declaration of his bleffings and curfes ;
Mofes retires to Mount Nebo or Pifgah, and dies,
and is buried by God ; Deut. i — xxxiv.
Succeeding to Mofes, and encouraged by God, Jo
fhua fends fpies to Jericho ; paffes Jordan in a mi
raculous manner ; circumcifes the Hebrews ; caufes
them to obferve the paffover ; takes Jericho ; pu-
nifhes Achan for his facrilege; takes Ai by Strata
gem; makes a league with the Gibeohites ; Jofh.
i — ix. Heb. xi. 30, 31.
After fpending fix years in the conqueft of the fouth
and north parts of Canaan, Jofhua, in the feventh,
divides it by lot to the tribes ofjudah and Ephraim,
the Manaffites, the tribes of Benjamjn, Simeon,
Iffachar, Zebulun, Afher, Naphtali, and Dan ; fets
up the tabernacle at Shiloh; appoints the cities of
refuge, and affigns to the Levites forty-eight cities!
and their Suburbs; difmiffes the Reilibenites and
Gadites to their home on the eaft of Jordan, who
erect an altar of memorial. The year after was
the firft fabbatical year, from which the years of
releafe and of jubilee were afterwards reckoned ;
Gen. xv. 18 — 21 ; and xlix. Exod. xxiii. 22 — 31;
Deut. viii. xi. and xxxii. 8 — 14; Jofh. x--xxii.
Neh. ix. 23 — 26; Pf. xliv. 2, 3; Ixvi. 12 ; lxviii.
10 — 12; Ixxviii. 54, 55; viii. 8 — II ; cv. 42 —
45; xxxv. 10 — 12; and
xxxii. 21, 22; Ezek. xvi. 8
Acts vii. 44.
Jofhua affembles the Ifraelites ; once and again he
rehearfes God's favours to them ; renews their
covenant with God; and dies, aged no years:
Eleazar, the high prieft, dies foon after; Jofh.
xxiii. xxiv.
Many of the Canaanites being left in the land, and
permitted to entice them, moft of the new genera
tion abandon themfelves tcs idolatry and its attend
ant impieties. Micah and the Danites are ring
leaders herein. By refuSal to punifh the lewd rakes
of Gibeah, the Benjamites had procured their al
moft utter deftruction. — To punifh their wicked-
nefs, the Lord delivers up the Ifraelites for eight
years to the oppreffion of the Mefopotamians;
Judg. i — iii. xvii — xxi. 2 Kiogs xvii. 7, &c. Neh
ix. 26, 27 ; Ezek. xx. 28, 29.
Othniel, of the tribe of Judah, delivers the Ifrael
ites, and the land refts forty years; Judg. iii.
10, 11.
The Ifraelites having relapfed into idolatry, God de
livers them into the hand oS the Moabites for eigh
teen years; Judg. iii. 12—14; after which Ehud,
a left-handed man, of the almoft-ruined tribe of
Benjamin, delivers them ; and the land refts eighty
years. During this period Shamgar routs the Phi
liftines, and Boaz marries Ruth; Judg. iii. 15—
31 ; Ruth i — iv.
After the Ifraelites had been for twenty years oppreffed
by Jabin, king of the Canaanites, who were left in
' the land, Deborah and Barak deliver them, and
celebrate their victory ; Judg. iv. v. and x. xi.
1 Sam. xii. 9— H ; Heb. xi. 32 ; Neh. ix. 27—
31 ; Pf. cvi. 40 — 43.
After they had been Seven years oppreffed by the Mi
dianites, Gideon a Manaflite delivers diem; Judg.

vi. vu.

Y. of
world. 2799

Before
Chrift.

2949

2956

1205 or
1 144
H87 or
1 1 26

II l6
or
IO95

After Abimelech, a baftard fori of Gideon, bad mur
dered fixty-nine of his brethren, and tyrannized
over Ifrael three years, he quarrels with his Sha~
chemite friends ; is knocked on the head with a
Stone thrown by a woman from a tower ; and, at
his defire, killed by his armour-bearer; Judg.
ix. 2 Sam. xi. 21. Tola began to judge the
Ifraelites on the weft of Jordan. Perhaps not long
after, Jair the Gileadite began to judge thofe on
the eaft of Jordan. It was perhaps while they were
conjunct judges that the Ammonites terribly op
preffed the Ifraelites eighteen years ; Judg. x.
Jephthah, a baftard of Gilead, delivers the Ifraelites;
facrifices his daughter to fulfil a rafh vow ; and puts
to the fword 42,000 infolent Ephraimites ; Judg.
xi. xii.
After, or while, Jephthah judged Ifrael fix years-;
Ibzan feven, Elon ten, and Abdon eight, God de
livers the Ifraelites, for forty years, into the hands
of the Philiftines. Meanwhile Eli. the high prieft,
of Ithamar's family, judges Ifrael. Samfon is born,
and appointed to be a Nazarite. About the fame
time, or a few years afterwards, Samuel is born;

Judg. xii. xiii. 1 oam. 1.
Lfiei ~

1055

048

Vol. L

After SamSon had, for twenty years, harafled the
Philiftines, he is taken prifoner, and enflaved -by
them ; but at his death pulls down the houfe, and
kills multitudes of them. Encouraged by this, the
Ifraelites attack the Philiftines ; but, being defeated,
bring the ark to the camp ; they are again routed,
and the ark is taken. The judgments, attending
the ark, on themfelves, and on Dagon their idol,
befide which they placed it, oblige the Philiftines
to fend it back with honourable prefents. The
curious Bethfhemites looking into it, 50,000 .of
them are ftruck dead. It is never returned to Shi
loh, but remains at Kirjath-jearim ; Judg. xiv-4-
xvi. 1 Sam. ii — vi. and xii. 9; Heb. xi. 32; Acts
xiii. 20; Pfrilxxviii. 59 — 67; Jer. vii. 12, 14.
 Samuel, now almoft forty years old, begins to
judge Ifrael, and fome time after delivers them from
the Philiftines ; 1 Sam. vii. Heb. xi. 32. .
The Ifraelites, wearied of God's deputy judges, re-
queft a king, to render them like the neighbouring
nations. Saul is made king, and defeats the Ant-.
monites. Samuel refigns his government ; 1 Sam.
viii — xii. Acts xiii. 20, 21 ; Heb. xi. 32 — 35. fe
For intermeddling with prieftly work, for neglecting
the utter deftruction of the Amalekites and th ir
property,- and for confultirig with a witch, Saul's
army is routed by the Philiftines, and he murd' rs
himfelf, about two years after the death- of Samuel.
—David, who had been anointed king hy Samuel
about feven years before, and who for about four
years had been perfecuted, and had compofed feve
ral of his pfalms, as vi. vii. xxxiv. xxxv. Hi — lix.
lxiii. lxiv. cxx. cxJ. cxlii. cxliii. &c. returns from
the country of the Philiftines ; refents Saul's death
upon an Amalekite ; laments over Saul and Jona
than's death ; and praifes God for his deliverances j
Pf. xviii. ix. — Directed of God, he repairs to He
bron, where he is made king ofjudah. Mean-.
while Abner made Ifhbofheth king of Ifrael ;
1 Sam. xiii — xxxi. 1 Chron. x. 2 Sam. i. ii. xxii.
After Ifhbofheth had reigned Seven years, much of
g

Chronological Index v

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, &c

Y. of
world.

Before Chrift.

2959

2962

2970

2971
-2972 2977 2983

1045

IO42

°34

i°33
1032

1027

1021

2987

2988

1020

1017

1016

2989 1015

which time had been Spent in Skirmishes with the
Servants of David, he is deferted by Abner, and
murdered by two of his Servants : upon which the
principal men of Ifrael, with a large body of the
people, affemble, and make David their king;
2 Sam. ii — v. 1 Chron. xii. Pf. Ixxxix. 19, 20,
Sic. Acts xiii. 22 ; Pf. Ixxviii. 68 — 72.
After taking Jerufalem from the Jebufites, and build
ing himfelf a palace there, and defeating the Phi
liftines twice, David, attended with many thou
fands of .Ifraelites, brings up the ark of God, with
great folemnity, from Kirjath-jearim to a tent
which he had formed for it on mo 'nt Zion;
2 Sam. v. vi. 1 Chron. xiii — xvi. Pf. Ixxviii. 68,
69 ; xxiv. xlvii. lxviii. xciii. xcv — ciii. cvii. cxxxii.
cxliv— cl.
David intends to build a temple; but God reftrains
him; allots that honour to his fon; promifes to
eftablifh his kingdom ; and David, with great
thankfulnefs, pleads for its accomplifhment ; 2 Sam.
vii. 1 Chron. xvii, and xxii. 6 — 13; Pfal. cxxxii.
1 Kings v. 2—5; and viii. 15 — 19; 2 Chron. vi.
4 — 9; Acts vii. 46.
After he had fubdued the Philiftines, Moabites, Ama
lekites, Syrian', and almoft all the Ammonites,
and thus extended the dominion of the Ifraelites
to the utmoft extent promifed; Gen. xv. 18 — 21 ;
Exod. xxiii. 23 — 31 ; and xxxiv. 1 1 ; Deut. xi. 24;
2 Sam. viii. x. 1 Chron. xviii — xx ; he commits
adultery with Bathfheba; murders Uriah her huf
band; and, being reproved by Nathan, bitterly re
pents. The child fickens and dies ; 2 Sam. xi.
Xii. Pfal. li.
Bathfheba, perhaps the grand- daughter of Ahithophel,
now David's wife, bears Solomon ; 2 Sam. xii.
24, 25 ; 1 Chron. iii. 5 ; and xiv. 4.
Amnon, David's eldeft fon, deflowers his filler ; and
after two years is murdered by Abfalom, her full
brother; 2 Sam. xii. i.Oj and xiii.
After Abfalom had lived three years an exile with his
grandfather Talmai king of Gefhur, he is, by
Joab's means, brought back to Jerufalem ; and
after two years more, is reconciled to his father
David; 2 Sam. xiii. 37 — 39; and xiv.
Abfalom rebels againft David ; is joined by Ahitho
phel, who hanged himfelf, and by moft of the Ifrael
ites. David and his friends flee over Jordan. There
Abfalom 's huge hoft is defeated and himfelf flain by
Joab. — After fome altercation with the men of
Judah, the Ifraelites again revolt under Sheba ; but,
he being flain, they return to their allegiance;
2 Sam. xv — xx. Pfal. ii — vi. xiii — xliv.
While the Philiftines in four battles attempt to re
cover their liberty, they are defeated. The Lord
avenges Saul's murdering of the Gibeonites by a
famine of three years ; 1 Chron. xx. 2 Sam. xxi.
David numbers his fubjects. God punifhes his fin
in the death of 70,000 of them. By his deep hu
miliation and facrifice he flops the plague. He
purchafes a fpot for the temple to be built on ;
2 Sam. xxiv. 1 Chron. xxi. and xxvi. 23, 24.
David being now extremely infirm, Abifhag is pro
cured to Sleep with him as his concubine. Affifted
by Joab and Abia.thar, Adonijah his eldeft Son at
tempts to Seize the throne : but, by the activity of

Y. of
world.

2989

299O

BeforeChrift,

2993

3000

3OI3

IO15

1014

3029

ion

1004

991

975

3029

3034
3046

975

970

958

Nathan the prophet,- and Bathfheba, David gives
orders to anoint Solomon his fucceffor; 1 Kings i.
Haying made immenfe preparations for the building
the temple, and given, Solomon a pjan of it and a
charge concerning it, he fixes the order of the
priefts, Levites, fingers, and porters, Sor the temple ;
as either now or before he had regulated the trained
bands and the royal property: and, having fo
lemnly charged Solomon and the princes of Ifrael
to cleave to the Lord, he Soon after died. — Not
long after Adonijah, Joab, and Shimei, were Slain
by Solomon's order; 1 Chron. xxii — xxix. 1 Kings
iii.
Solomon, who already had Rehoboam by an Am-
monitefs, marries an Egyptian princefs, to whom
Pharaoh her father gave Gezer, a city of the Phi
liftines, in compliment; 1 Kings xiv. 21; iii.
1, 2 ; and ix. 16. In anfwer to his prayer in his
vifion, God grants Solomon an uncommon fhare
of wifdom; which he manifefts in judging between
two harlots ; in fixing the crown officers and pro
viders for his large houfehold ; and in his fongs,
proverbs, and philofophical difcourfes. He becomes
the admiration of the princes and nations around ;
1 Kings iii. iv. 2 Chron. i.
After fecuring the affiftance of Hiram king of Tyre,
and making great preparations, Solomon, in the
480th year of the deliverance from Egypt, lays the
foundation of the temple. It was finifhed in feven
years and fix months, juft 3000 years after thp
creation and 1000 before Chrift's birth.- The next
year it was dedicated by folemn prayer and large
facrifices; 1 Kings v — ix. 2 Chron. ii — vi. Acts
vii. 47. Solomon finifhes bis magnificent palace;
I Kings vii. 1; and ix. 10; 2 Chron. viii. 1.
About this time he wrote his infpired Song ; Song
i — viii. carried on his repairs of cities and enrich
ing trade ; and was vifited by the queen of Sheba;
1 Kings ix. x. 2 Chron. viii. ix. and i. 15 —
'7-
After great licentioufnefs with heathenifh women,
and apoftafy to their idolatries, Solomon, being
reproved by a prophet, repents ; writes his Ec-
clefiaftes, and perhaps his Proverbs ; and dies;
1 Kings xi. Neh. xiii. 26; Eccl. i — xii. Prov. i —
xxix.
Provoked by Rehoboam's haughty threatenings, the
Ephraimit.es, and other nine tribes, revolt from
the family of David, and form a feparate kingdom
under Jeroboam the Son of Nebat. To prevent
their return to Judah, by going up to Jerufalem at
the folemn feafts, he eSlablifhes the idolatrous wor
fhip of" the Calves of Dan and Bethel among them.
Nor could the reproof of the man of God, nor the
miracles attending it, render him penitent ; 1 Kings
xii. xiii. 2 Chron. x.
Many Levites and others retiring from the kingdom
of Jeroboam to that of Rehoboam, he and his fub
jects conducted themfelves for three years regu-
larly, and lived profperoufly. But afterwards revolt
ing to idolatry, Shifhak, king of Egypt, ravages their
country, and pillages Jerufalerr* and the temple;
1 Kings xiv. 21 — 31 ; 2 Chron. xi. xii.
Abijam fucceeds Rehoboam. He routs Jeroboam's
army of 800,000, flays 500,000. of them, and takes

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory,

Y. of
world. 3°4930° 3

BeforeChrift. 95595'

30523074 or
3064 3075
,3°79 3086 3090

3I03
3104
3l°5 *
3^7

952 93° or
94O 929 925 918914

9OI
900
899
5-97

3108} 896

Bethel and other cities from him ; 1 Kings xv. 1 —
8 ; 2 Chron. xiii.
Afa fucceeds Abijah ; reigns forty-one years ; zea-
loufly extirpates idolatry; ftrengthens his kingdom
with forts ; defeats an Ethiopian army of 1,000,000 ;
[enews his fubjects' covenant with God ; and de-
pofes Maachahhis idolatrous grandmother; 2 Chron.
xiv. xv. 1 Kings xv. 9 — 15.
Baafha murders Nadab the fon of Jeroboam, and the
whole family; and reigns over Ifrael. Engaged in
a war with Baafha, Afa hires the Syrians treacher
ously to invade the kingdom of Ifrael ; and im
prisons the prophet who reproved his conduct ;
1 Kings xv. 16 — Tl; 1 Chron. xvi. 1 — 10.
Zimri murders Elah the fon of Baafha ; reigns over
Ifrael feven days : but, being befieged by his mat
ter's troops, he burns the palace upon himfelf;
1 Kings xvi. 9—20.
After four years of civil war between Omri and
Tibni, Omri prevails, and reigns wickedly ; builds
Samaria, and renders it his capital ; 1 Kings xvi.
21 — 28; Micah vi. 16.
Ahab, ftill more wicked than his father, reigns over
Ifrael; marries Jezebel a Zidonian princefs; and,
by her advice, introduces the worfhip of Baal:
Hiel, with the lots of his fons, rebuilds accurfed
Jericho; 1 Kings xvi. 29 — 34; Mic. vi. 16.
Afa dying of difeafed feet, Jehofhaphat fucceeds him.
He reforms his kingdom, fortifies his cities, and
form3 a militia of 1,160,000; 2 Chron. xvii.
1 Kings xxii. 41 — 46.  He firft made friendfhip
with the kings of Ifrael, and took Ahab's daughter
to be the wife of Jehoram his fon.
In anfwer to the prophet Elijah's prayer, a drought
of three years and an half plagues the kingdom of
Ifrael. Ravens at firft, and afterwards a poor wi
dow of Zarephath, whofe fon he reftores to life,
feed Elijah.
Having by his facrifice, burnt with fire from heaven,
demonftrated that not Baal, but Jehovah, was
the true "God, he caufes the prophets of Baal to be
flain ; and procures rain. — Terrified by the threat
enings of Jezebel, he retires far fouthward to Sinai;
but is reproved by God for his flight, and ordered
back to anoint Jehu king over Ifrael, Hazael over
Syria, and Elifha prophet in his own room ; 1 Kings
xvii — xix.
Benhadad king of Syria having infolently threatened
the deftruction of Samaria, God punifhes him
with a Signal defeat by a handful of Ifraelites. Next
year, to puniSh his captain's blafphemy, his army
is almoft utterly cut off. He fubmits ; and Ahab,
to his own ruin, makes a treaty of peace with him;
I Kings xx.
By feizing upon Naboth's vineyard, whom Jezebel
had for this purpofe bafely murdered, Ahab draws
upon himfelf and family fearful denunciations of
wrath ; but his external repentance for a time de
fers the execution ; 1 Kings xxi.
Having in the preceding year aflbciated their eldeft
fons, Ahaziah and Jehoram, in power with them
felves, Ahab and Jehofhaphat, encouraged by thefalfe
prophets, march againft the Syrians for the recovery
of Ramoth-gilead. Jehofhaphat is endangered, and
Ahab Slain; 1 Kings xxii. 2 Chron. xviii.
Whik Jehofhaphat, reproved by a prophet, proceeds

Y. of
world.

3IO9

3U2

3*i5

31 '9

3126

3*49

3i64

Before
Chrift.

895

892

889

885

878

855

84O

in the reformation of his kingdom, Ahazlah, the
fucceffor of Ahab, dies of a fall from a window.
 Elijah, having deftroyed two idolatrous troops
by fire from heaven, is tranflated.—  Elifha fuc
ceeds him ; heals the bitter water and barren fields
of Jericho ; and, by two fhe-bears, deftroys forty-
two infolent children of Beth-el ; 1 Kirigs xxii. 49
— $^ ; 2 Chron. xix. 2 Kings i. ii.
The Moabites, who had always been fubject to the
Ifraelites fince David conquered them, having re
belled after the death of Ahab, Jehoram his fon,
affifted by Jehofhaphat and his deputy king of
Edom, and miraculoufly fupplied with water by
EliSha, ravages their country ; 2 Kings iii.
EliSha multiplies the widow's oil; promifes a fon to
the Shunammite, and reftores him to life ; renders
poifon harmlefs ; multiplies provifion ; heals Naa-
man of his leprofy, and fmites Gehazi with it;
makes iron fwim ; blinds and opens -the eyes of the
Syrian foldiers. The Syrians, affrighted by God,
raife the fiege of Samaria when the inhabitants were
almoft famifhed, and leave plenty of provifion j
2 Kings iv — vii.
Meanwhile Jehofhaphat is miraculoufly victorious over
the allied army, which had invaded his kingdom
with a view to extirpate the Ifraelites; 2 Chron.
xx. Pf. Ixxxiii. xlviii.  He allots his younger
fons prefents and fenced cities; and, for the fecond
time, inftals Jehoram on his throne ; 2 Chron. xxi.
2, 3; 2 Kings viii. 16.
After Jehofhaphat's death, Jehoram, being fole king,
introduces the idolatry of the houfe of Ahab his
father-in-law into Judea; murders^ his brethren;
and contemns the warning which the prophet Eli
jah had left him. The Edomites and Libnites re
volt. The Philiftines, Arabs, and others, ravage
his kingdom and murder his family ; 2 Chron. xxi.
2 Kings viii. 16 — 24.
Ahaziah, his only furviving fon, fucceeds: and, hav
ing reigned about a year alone, he and Jehoram king
of Ifrael, and other male defcendants of Ahab, to
gether with Jezebel and the priefts of Baal, are
flain by Jehu, to whom God had given the king
dom of Ifrael ; 2 Kings viii. 25, 29 ; and ix. x.
2 Chron. xxii.
After Athaliah, the daughter of Ahab, had murdered
all the feed royal of David the could find, and had
tyrannized fix years, Jehoiada the high prieft, af
fifted by his fellow priefts and nobles, inftals
Joafh, Ahaziah's fon,'when feven years of age, on
the throne ; kills Athaliah, and Mattan her idola
trous high prieft ; reforms the nation ; and renews
their covenant with God; 2 Kings xi. 2 Chroa,
xxiii.
Jehoafh, in the twenty-third year of his reign, gives
orders for repairing the temple; which are executed
with great prudence and fidelity; 2 Kings xii.
2 Chron. xxiv. Jehu king of Ifrael is fucceeded
by Jehoahaz his fon. Under both, efpecially the
latter, Hazael (who, by murdering his mafter Ben
hadad, had become king of Syria) terribly ravaged
their kingdom; 2 Kings x. 29 — 36; xiii. 1 — 9;
and viii. 7 — 15.
Joafh king of Judah, and his fubjects, turn idolaters.
He murders Zechariah the prieft, fon of Jehoiada
and his own coufin, Sor reproving him. Soon after
g 2

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripiun' hiftory, &c.

Y. of | Before
world. Chrift.

3*65

«39

3166

,3180

838

824

3180

3194

824

8lO

3221

7^3

3233

3241

77'

763

32453246
3262

759758
742

the Syrians ravage his kingdom, and his fervants '
murder him; 2 Kings xii. 17 — 21; 2 Chron. xxiv.
17—27.
Jehoafh, grandfon of Jehu, fucceeds his father Je-
hoahaz as fole king of Ifrael ; vifits the prophet
Elifha on his death-bed; according to whofe pre
dictions he gives the Syrians three terrible defeats;
2 Kings xiii. 10 — 23; and xiv. 15, 16.
Amaziah fucceeds his father Joafh on the throne of
Judah; punifhes the murderers of his father; ra
vages the country of the Edomites with inhuman
barbarity; provokes Jehoafh king of Ifrael to a
War, in which his army is routed, Jerufalem and
the temple pillaged, and himfelf taken prifoner;
2 Kings iv. 1 — 14; 2 Chron. xxv.
Jonah the prophet foretells the relief of the Ifraelites.
Unwilling to denounce the deftruction of Nineveh,
he flees to Tarfhifh. A whale fwallows him up,
and, after three days, cafts him out upon dry
land. He warns the Ninevites; they repent, and
are fpared; 2 Kings xiv. 25; Jon. i — iv. Matt.
xii. 39 — 41 ; and xyi. 4.
After being his father's partner twelve years, Jero
boam fucceeds his father Jehoafh, and reftores the
kingdom of Ifrael almoft to its ancient glory;
2 Kings xiv. 16, 23 — 28.
Amaziah king of Judah being murdered by his fub
jects, Azariah or Uzziah fucceeds him, and reigns
profperoufly fifty-two years ; 2 Kings xiv. 21, 22 ;
and xv. 1 — 4; 2 Chron. xxvi. 1 — 15.
The prophets Amos, Hofea, and perhaps Joel, pro
phefy; reprove the Ifraelites for their fins, and
foretell their approaching, but juft judgments;
Amos i — ix. Hof. i — xiv. Joel i — iii.
A terrible earthquake is felt in Judea ; Amos i. 1 ;
Zech. xiv. 5 ; Jeroboam II. dying, a civil war, at
leaft an interregnum of eleven years and an half,
enfues; at the end of which Zachariah his fon, the
fourth in defcent from Jehu, reigns fix months;
2 Kings xv. 8 — 12 ; and x. 30.
Shaljum his murderer had reigned but one month-
when Menahem, probably Zachariah's general,
flew him, and reigned ten years. While he was
butchering his opponents, Pul king of Affyria in
vaded the kingdom, and laid it under tribute j
2 Kings xv. 13 — 22.
About this time Uzziah, proud of his conquefts and
wealth, attempts to offer incenfe in the temple, is
withflood by Azariah the high prieft, and flruck
with a leprofy. Jotham his fon governs the king
dom; 2 Kings xv. 5, 6; 2 Chron. xxvi. 16 — 23.
Ifaiah and Micah begin to prophefy; If. i — vi. Mic. i.
Slaving murdered Pekahiah the fon of Menahem,
Pekah begins to reign over Ifrael twenty years.
Next year Jotham begins his profperous reign over Ju
dah ; 2 Kings xv. 27, 28, 32 — 38 ; 2 Chron-. xxvii.
Ahaz fucceeds Jotham, and reigns very wickedly and
unhappily. Pekah king of Ifrael kills 120,000 of
his beft troops in one battle, and carries off 200,000
prifoners, which, by order of the prophet Oded, are
fent back. He and Rezin king of Syria ravage
Judea, and intend to render it tributary to them,
under a deputy of their own. The Edomites and
Philiftines, from the fouth and weft,, alfo diftrefs
it. In his diftrefs, Ahaz hires Tiglath-pilefer, of
Affyria, to. attack his enemies, who, after mur-

Y. of
world'.

3262 3274 32783^3

3291

32'94

33^3

Before Chrift.

742 730

?26

721

7J3

710

698
676

641

dering multitudes of the Syrians and Ifraelites on
the eaft of Jordan and in Galilee, carries the reft
captive to Media. Ahaz then copies after the
Syrian idolatry, and pollutes the temple; 2 Cnron*
xxviii. If. vii. 1 — 9.; 2 Kings xvi. and xv. 29.
Hofeaj Ifaiah, and Micah, ftill continue prophefyingj
Hof. iy — xiv. If. vii— xiv. Mic. i. ii.
Hofhea, who had killed Pekah nine years before, at
laft, by a long civil war, renders himfelf king of
Ifrael, and is lefs wicked than his predeceffors.
Shalmanefer king of Affyria renders him tributaryj
2 Kings xv. 30; and xvii. 1, 2.
After being partner with his father one year, Heze
kiah begins to reign alone over Judah. He, with
great zeal and diligence, reforms his kingdom, re-
fufes to pay tribute to the Affyrians ; and reduces-
the Philiftines ; 2 Chron. xxix- — xxxi. 2 Kings
xviti. 1 — 8; If. xiv. 29..
Finding that Hofhea had, with the affiftance of the
Egyptians, confpired to render himfelf independent,
Shalmanefer invades his kingdom ; demolishes Sa
maria his capital ; takes him prifoner ; and trans
ports the remaining Ifraelites to Affyria and Media,
whence few, if any of them, ever returned to Ca
naan; If. vii. viii. xxiv. xxviii. Hof. iv— xiii.
Amos ii — ix. Mic. ii. iii. vi. vii. 2Kingsxvii. 3
—23; and xviii. 9 — 12; 2 Chron. xxx. 6; Neh.
ix. 32. He foon after ravaged Phenicia, and be
fieged Tyre five years, &c.
Having reduced the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites,
Philiftines, if not alfo the Egyptians, Sennacherib
the Affyrian, contrary to treaty, invades Judea,
and takes all the fenced cities except Jerufalem :
his army is cut off, perhaps in the third year, by aiv
angel, on the eaft of Jerufalem. During this war
Hezekiah was miraculoufly delivered from his
deadly diftemper ; Amos i. ii. If. xv. xxiv — xxXviii.
Mic. i — iii. 2 Kings xviii — xx. 2 Chron. xxxii.
Chaldean ambaffadors coming to Hezekiah, he vainly.
fhews them his wealth. God threatens him, that
it and his feed fhould be carried captive te Ba
bylon; If. xxxix. 2 Kings xx. 12 — 21; 2 Chron.
xxxii. 25—33.
While Judea flourifhes Ifaiah, and perhaps Micah,,
prophefy; If. xl — lxyi. Mic. iv. v.
Manaffeh fucceeds Hezekiah. He introduces idola
try, perfecution, and other abominations ; 2 Kings
xxi, xxiv. 3, 4; and xxii. 17, i; Jer. xv. 4,.^
2 Chron. xxxiii. 1 — 10.
Efarhaddon invades Judea; carries Manaffeh prifoner
to Babylon ; where he repents, and is reftored to
his kingdom, perhaps as a tributary of the Affy
rians; 2 Chron. xxxiii. 11 — 19.
About this time Efarhaddon tranfported the remains
of the Ifraelites to the Eaft, and further repeopled;
their country with heathen tribes from Perfia,.
Chaldea, &c. They formed a religion, partly
Jewifh, partly heathen ; and were called Samari
tans ; 2 Kings xvii. 21 — 41 ; Ezra iv. 2, 9, IQ#
17 ; John iv. and viii. 48; Luke ix. 52, 53.
Jqfiah, a child oS eight years, Succeeds his obftinately-
wicked father Amon: — he, with great zeal, re
forms his kingdom; repairs the temple-; rehews
his fubjects* covenant with God ; folemnly Cele
brates the paflbver. — During his reign Jeremiah
and Zephaniah, prophefy, if not alfo Nahum and

ChHnohgical Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, &c.

v-. of
world.
3394

3395

Before Chrift. 610

609

3398 606

34d 3403 3404

3405

3406

603

601 600

599

598

34i6

588

Habakkuk; Jer. i. perhaps to xvii. 3£eph. i — iii
Nah. i — iii. Hab. i — iii,
Unadvifedly giving battle to Pharaoh Necho king of
Egypt Jofiah is flain ; after which the kingdom of
Judah becomes miferable; 2 Kings xxiii, 29,30;
2 Chron. xxxv. 20 — 24.
Jehoahaz, whom the people had made king, being
carried prifoner into Egypt, Pharaoh Necho makes
Jehoiakim king, who reigns wickedly eleven years ;
2 Kings xxiii. 3! — 37; 2 Chron. xxxvi. I — 5.
Under him Jeremiah and Urijah, if not alfo Ha
bakkuk and Zephaniah, prophefy; Jer. xix. xx.
xxvi. xxii. xxiii. xxv. xxxv. xxxvi. xiv. xlvi — xlix.
Hab. i — iii. Zeph. i— iii.
Nebuchadnezzar the Chaldean, now partner in the
kingdom with his father, invades Judea; renders
Jehoiakim his tributary; carries off Daniel and his
companions, and others, to Babylon, with part of
the veffels of the temple of God, which he places
in that of Belus ; 2 Chron. xxxvi. 6, 7 ; Jer.
xxxv. 1 1 ; and xxix. 10; If. xxxix. 7 ; Dan. i. 2,
3, 7 ; &c.
Jehoiakim rebels againft Nebuchadnezzar, now fole
king of Babylon; 2 Kings xxiv. 1.
Daniel makes known and interprets Nebuchadnezzar's
dream of the image, which the wife men could not;
Dan. ii.
After a long and furious war Nineveh is deftroyed by
the Medes, affifted by Nebuchadnezzar the Chal
dean ; Nah. 1 — iii. Ezek. xxxi.
While Nebuchadnezzar is occupied in Seizing the
kingdom of Affyria he fends an army of Chaldeans,
Syrians, Moabites, and Ammonites, againft Je
hoiakim king of Judah, who ravage his kingdom,
murder him, drag his corpfe out by the gate of Je
rufalem, and leave itunburied; 2 Kings xxiv. 2;
Jer. xxii. 18, 22; xviii. 19; and xxxvi. 30.
His fon Jehoiachin, whom, it feems, he had made
his partner ten years before, after reigning alone
three months and ten days, furrenders himfelf to
Nebuchadnezzar, who carries him and his family,
courtiers, and principal magiftrates, warriors, and
artificers, in all 18,000, to Babylon; together with
Ezekiel the prieft, afterwards a prophet, and Mor-
decai, and part of the furniture of the temple ;
2 Kings xx. 17, 18; If. xxxix. 6, 7; 2 Chron.
xxxvi.9, 10; 2 Kings xxiv. 6 — 10 • Jer. xxii,
24 — 30 ; xxix. 1, 2; and xxiv. Ezek. xvii. 4, 12;
and i. 2, 3; Efth. ii. 6.
Zedekiah, brother of Jehoiakim, being made king
by Nebuchadnezzar, as his fworn tributary, reigns
wickedly. — Jeremiah continues prophefying in Ju
dea; Jer. xxi. xxvii — xxxiv.. xxxvii. xxxviii. 1. li.
if not alfo xix. xx. ; and Ezekiel begins to propheSy
in Chaldea; Ezek. i — xxxi.
Zedekiah, depending on the Egyptians, rebelled; to
punifh which, Nebuchadnezzar, after a fiege of al
moft two years, burns Jerufalem and the temple ;
carries off captive all the Jews who remained, ex
cept a few of the poorer fort ; whom, together with
Jeremiah, now liberated from prifon, he commits
to the care of Gedaliah. But Gedaliah bfeing quick
ly murdered,, the reft retire into Egypt, and force
Jeremiah along with them ; Jer. Iii. xxxix— -xliv..
2 Kings xxv. 2 Chron. xxxvi. Lam.. i-J-v.
Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Obadiah, prophefy ; ; Jer.
xliii; xliv.. Ezek.. xxxii— xlviii. Obad.. i. Pfal.
8

Y. of
world.
3433

Before
Chrift. 571

34343442
34433449
3466

570
562 561
555
538

I xxiv. cxxix. cxxxvii. are penned, and Jeremiah's
Lamentations ; i — v.
Having defolated the countries of Ammon,' Moab,
Edom, Phenicia, Philiftia, and Egypt, Nebuchad
nezzar returns to Babylon, where, out of his im-
menfe fpoils, he forms agigantic image to his god
Belus. Shadrach, Mefhach, and Abednego, refuting
to worfhip it, are miraculoufly preferved in the fiery
furnance, and are promoted to great honours; Jer.
xxv. xlvi — xlix. Ezek. xxv — xxxi. xxxv. If. xv-—
xxiii. Hab.-i. ii. Dan. iii. He alfo builds palaces,
hanging gardens, the temple of Belus, &c. Dan.
iv. 30.
Daniel interprets Nebuchadnezzar's dream of the tree'
cut doivn. Next year Nebuchadnezzar, for his
pride, is deprived of his reafon, and dethroned for
Seven years; Dan. iv. and v. 18 — 21.
Nebuchadnezzar hath his reafon reftored; he acknow
ledges God's fovereignty; is reftored to his throne;
and dies, having reigned forty-five years.
Evil Merodach, his fon, fucceeds, and exalts Jehoia-
kin king of the Jews ; 2 Kings xxv. xxvii— xxx*
Jer. Iii. 31—34.
Nerigliffar, Nebuchadnezzar's fon-in-Iaw, who had
murdered Evil Merodach, and' his- family being.
murdered in their turn, Belfhazzar,. the fon of Evil
Merodach, becomes king of Babylon; Jer. xxvii.
7.  Daniel hath his vifion of the four beafls; —
and, about two years after, of the ram and he goat;.
Dan. vii. viii.
While the Medes and Perfians befiege Babylon,; Bel
fhazzar and his lords celebrate, aii impious revel..
— An hand- writing, interpreted by Daniel, de
nounces their immediate ruin. — That fame night-
Babylon is takerl, Belfhazzar Slain,, and his mo
narchy rendered fubject to the Medes and Perfians;, ,
Dan. v. If. xiii. xiv. xxi. xlvi. xlvii. Jer. xxv. 12; '
xxvii. 7; and 1. li. Hab. ii.
Daniel is advanced by Darius- the Mede; but, b'y the-
envy of his fellow rulers, is eaft into the den of
lions. Heri; delivered, and his accufers deftroyed;
Dan. vi. He folemnly fupplicates the reftoratibn
of the Jewifh nation; has the coming of Chrift,,
and the difafters attending' it, intimated to him by
the angel Gabriel ; Dan. ix.
Cyrus, fucceeding his father Cambyfes as king of
Perfia, and Darius his uncle and father-in-law as
king of Media, proclaims liberty for the Jews to-
return to Canaan "and rebuild their temple ; and'
reftores to them their facred veffels, which had
been dedicated to the Chaldean, idol Bel. — About
30,000 of the tribes ofjudah and Benjamin, and
perhaps 12,600 of the other tribes, 7337 profelytes
and fervants, return under the direction of Zerub
babel and Jefhua; If. xliv. 23 — 28; xiv. 13; and'
xlviii. 20; 2 Chron. xxxvi. 22, 23; Ezra i. ii..
Neh. vii.
After obferving the feaft of tabernacles, and making
preparation for feven months, the Jews, amidft joy
and grief, lay the foundation of the fecond temple;,
Ezra iii. But their Samaritan neighbours, by their
open influence at court, and by accufing them as
rebels to Cambyfes and Artaxerxes Magus, long
hinder the building; Ezraiv.. Daniel hath his laft
vifion ;. x — xii..
3480 j 524 Cambyfes, after the death of A mat:--, ravages Egypt
| and part of Ethiopia, and ruins his own army.

34^8

3469

536

535

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, Sec.

Y. «.'
world. 34§4
34%

3490

5efore
Chrift. 520 515

35173525
35403547

3559

3574

359i

3596

3^55

3670

3672

3681

5H

487
479 464
457

445

43°

413

408

349

334

332

323

Encouraged bv the prophets Haggai and Zechariah,
and after this by a decree of Darius Hyft.ffpis in
their favour, the Jews refume the building of their
temple ; and in about four years finifh and dedicate
it, about Seventy-two years after it had been burnt
by the Chaldeans; Ezra v. vi. Hag. i. ii. Zech.
i— xix. About this time Darius reduced the
revolted Babylonians; If. xiii. xiv. xxi. xlvii.
Jer. 1. li.
Perhaps about this time Efther was made queen of
Perfia inftead of Vafhti ; and after five years the
plot and ruin of Hainan took place. But fome hif-
torians place thefe events thirty-fix years later,
under Xerxes, or rather fifty-fix, under Artaxerxes
Longimanus ; Efth. i — x.
The Egyptians revolt from Darius. About fix years
after Xerxes his fon reduces them.
Darius having, for the Sixteen laft years of his life,
carried on an unfuccefsful war with the Greeks,
Xerxes his fon, after four years preparation, in
vades their country with an army of fome millions:
but he and his Carthaginian allies are Shamefully
repulfed; Dan. xi. 2 ; x. 20; vii. 5 and viii. 4.
Artaxerxes Longimanus fucceeds his father Xerxes. —
The Egyptians again revolt, but are reduced.^
Ezra is fent to Jerufalem by Artaxerxes, as his de
puty governor of Judea. With great zeal he Se
parates the Jews from their ftrange wives ; Ezra
vii— x. Perhaps it was now that Efther was mar
ried to Ahafuerus, and Haman's plot and ruin five
years after ; Efth. i— x. ; and, by her influence,
Artaxerxes greatly favoured the Jews.
Nehemiah is appointed deputy governor of Judea, and
rebuilds Jerufalem. Continuing in that office 18,
or perhaps 36, years, he labours to reform his na
tion ; Neh. i— xiii. Dan. ix. 25.
Malachi the prophet reproves the Jews for their con
tempt of God's ordinances, Sacrilege, marriages with
heathens, and cruelty to their JcwiSh wives ; Mal.
i — iv.
The Egyptians revolt from Darius Nothus king of
Perfia. It requires 64 years to reduce them ; If.
xix. Ezek. xxix. xxx. Zech. x. 1 1 ; Joel. iii. 19 ;
If. xxvii. 1.
Scarcely had Nehemiah finifhed his reformation when
Manaffeh, the fon -in-law of Sanballat, began to
build the Samaritan /temple on Mount Gerizzim ;
Neh. xiii. 28, 29; John iv. 20.
After reducing the revolted Cyprians and Phenicians,
and ravaging part of Judea, Artaxerxes Ochus,
king of Perfia, finally reduces the Egyptians; Since
which they have never been governed by a prince
of their own; Ezek. xxix. 14, 1$; and xxx. 13;
Zech. x. 11; If. xix.
After the Perfians and Greeks had been generally in a
ftate of war for 160 years, Alexander the Great
marches 35,000 Greeks into .Afia, with whom, in
fix years, he conquers the whole Perfian empire ;
Dan. vii. 6; viii. 5—7; x. 20; and xi. 3; Zech.
vi. 6.
Alexandei furioufly deftroys Tyre and Philiftia. The
Jews and Egyptians Submit to him; IS. xxiii. l —
18; Zech.ix.'i— 8.
Alexander dies. Within fifteen years after his whole
family is murdered, and his empire divided among
four of his principal generals; Dan. vii. 6; viii.
8; and xi. 4. The two principal divisions were —
6

Y. of
world.

Before
Chrift.

3829

175

3«34

' I70

3836

168

3840

164

3870

134

3926

78

3940

64

3941

63

3957

47

3960

44

3964

40

3982

18

4000

-35;-17:

and viii.
and xii.^

20, 21 ; ix. 13
and his brethren Jona

the kingdom or empire of Egypt on the fouth of
Canaan, and of Syria on the north. For more
than 150 years thefe were generally in a ftate of
war one with another: neverthelefs, the Jews, whofe
country lay betwixt them, were marvelloufly pro
tected by Providence; Dan. xi. 5 — ^9; Zech. x. 8.
Antiochu, Epipharies, fucceeding his brother Seleu*
cus, perfecutes the Jews, and fets to Sale their high
priefthood.  He makes Sour attempts to rob Pto
lemy his nephew of the kingdom of Egypt.
In his return from his fecond expedition into Egypt
he takes Jerufalem, murders 40,000, and takes as
many more prifoners to be fold for flaves.
In his return from his fourth expedition, when he was
checked by the peremptory demands of the Roman
ambaffadors, he Stops the daily facrifice, and at
tempts to abolilh the Jewifh. worfhip.
After Some years Struggling, Judas Maccabeus de-
Seats Antiochus' army at Jerufalem, reftores the
worfhip of God in the temple, and inftitutes the
feaft ef dedication. Not long after this Antio
chus dies miferably; Dan. xi. 21
23—25; Zech. i,
2 — 7 ; John x. 22.
For thirty years after Judas,
than and Simon, protect thoir natioi; governing-
their church as high priefts, and their ftate as civil
rulers dependent on the Syro-grecians.
After this John Hircanus the Ton of Simeon, and
Alexander Janneus his fon, having rendered the
Je.vith nation independent, reign profperoufly for
about fifty years, -and fubdue the Samaritans,
Edomites, Ammonites, Moabites, and Pniliftines;
If. xj., 14; Mic. iv. 12, 13; Ob^d. 18 — 21.
After a war of fix years with his fubjects, Alexander
dies. Alexandra his widow wifely governs the ftate
nine years, Hircanus her fon being high prieft.
After five years' contention between Hircanus, her
elder but 'peaceable fon, and Ariftobulus the
younger, they both apply to the Romans for help.
Pompey the Roman general takes part with Hirca
nus; and, taking Jerufalem from Ariftobulus, car
ries him prifoner to Rome, where he is poifoned
about 14 years after.
Antipater, who had been a partizan of Hircanus,
obtains for his fon Phalael the government of
Judea, and for Herod the Great the government of
Galilee.
Julius Cefar, who, after great fuccefs in war, had
altered the republican form of the Roman govern
ment, and made himfelf emperor, is flain by Brutus
Caffius and others in the fenate houfe.
Antigonus, the fon of Ariftobulus, having been made
king of Judea by the Parthians, Herod of Galilee,
by the affiftance of the Romans, wrelts the king
dom from him.
Herod having offended the Jews, by fome heathenifh
Structures in compliment to Auguftus the Roman
emperor, attempts to regain their favour by re
building their ruinous temple.
After a folemn annunciation of their birth by the
angel Gabriel, John Baptift and Chrift are born,
to the great joy of their parents. Jefus' birth is
publifhed to the Shepherds., He is circumcifed,
and prefented at the temple; and f derhnly acknow
ledged the Meffiah by Simeon and Annas; Matt.
i. ii. Luke i. ii. 1 — 38; and iii. 23 — 48.

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

V. of
World.'

4002 40O9 4012 40304032

A. D.

4033

27

29

3°

4034

3'

Wife men of the Gentiles come from the Eaft to
worfhip him. God admonifhes them not to return
to Herod to inform him. concerning the divine
bj»be. To fecure his deftruction, Herod murders
all the babes under two years old in and about
Beth-lehem ; but an angel had previoufly warned
Jofeph and Mary to carry Jefus into Egypt, where
he wasfafe; Matt. ii. I — 18.
Herod being dead, Jofeph and Mary, with the babe
Jefus, return to Canaan, and fettle at Nazareth
in Galilee; Matt. ii. 18—23; Judas of Galilee
raifes an infurrection; Acts v. 37.
Archelaus, who reigned in the room of his father
Herod, being accufed of mal-adminiftration, is de-
pofed by the Romans, and Judea is formed into
one of their provinces.
Jefus goes up with his parents to the paffover, and dis
putes with thedoctors in thetemple; Luke ii. 39— 52.
John Baptift begins to preach and baptize, warning
the Je^vs to prepare for receiving the Meffiah, who
was about to be manifefted; Matt. iii. I — 12.
Mark i. 1 — 8; Luke iii. 1 — 18; John i. 7 — 19.
Jefus is baptized byjohn at Bethabara near Jericho ; and
is attefted by his Father and the Holy Ghoft from
heaven; Matt. iii. 13 — lyjMarki.g — 11; Lukeiii.
21 — 23. He is led by the Spirit into the wildernefs
ofjudah to faft, and to be forty days tempted of the
devil; Matt. iv. 1— 11; Marki. 12,13; Luke iv.
1 — 13. Being examined concerning his character,
John acknowledges himfelf the Meffiah's forerunner,
and points out Jefus as the Meffiah, to his hearers
and difciples ; John i. 20 — 37.  Having become
acquainted with Andrew, Peter, Philip, and Na
thaniel, Jefus returns into Galilee, perhaps attended
by the two laft; and there, at a marriage, turns
water into wine ; John i. 35 — 51; andii. 1 — 12.
After making a Short vifit to Capernaum, Jefus goes
up to the paffover at Jerufalem ; — where he expels
the merchants from the courts of the temple; fore
tells his own death and refurrection ; and confers
with Nicodemus concerning the new birth, the end
of his miffion, &c. John ii. 12 — 25; and iii. 1 —
21.  Departs from Jerufalem, and preaches with
great applaufe ; — which John hearing of, joyfully
extols him ; John iii. 22 — 36 ; and is Soon after caSt
into prifon; Matt. xiv. 10; Luke iii. 19, 20 ; Mark
vi. 17.  Jefus returns northward to Galilee
through Samarfe, where he converts an harlot and
many of her neighbours; is welcomed to Galilee;
at Cana reftores to health a nobleman's fon; John
iv. ; preaches at Nazareth, to the hazard of his life ;
Luke iv. 16 — 30; removes to Capernaum, where
he preaches with acceptance; calls Peter and. An
drew, James and John, to be his Stated attendants ;
cafts out a devil in the fynagogue, and heals Peter's
mother-in-law; after which he takes a tour through
the other cities of Galilee; — multitudes followio£
him to hear his fermons, or to obtain hi-, miraculous
cures; Mark i. 14 — 39; Luke iv. 31 — 44; and
v. 1 — 11; Matt. iv. 13 — 25; and, viii. 14, 15.
Preaches the fermon on the Mount; Matt, v — vii.
Defcer.ding from thence, he cures a leper ; Matt
viii. 1 — 4; Mark i. 40 — 46; Luke v. 12 — 16. Re
turns to Capernaum, where he cures a man of the
palfy, and calls Matthew to be his difciple; Matt.
ix. 2 — 9; Mark ii. 1 — 14; Luke v. 17 — 18.
Goes up to his fecond paffover at Jerufalem, where he
cures the lame man at the pool of Bethefda on the

Y. of
world.

A. D.

of fcripture hiftory, &c,
fabbath, and vindicates his conduft, from Ids equa
lity with God,- and the office he had from God ;
John v. Returning to Galilee, he- vindicates the
• rubbing out ears of corn by his hungry difciples for
their refreshment on the fabbath day; cures a man's
withered hand on the fabbath, and juftifies his con
duct ; is followed by multitudes to the fea of Gali
lee ; many of whom he heals of their difeafes, and
forbids the poffeffed to acknowledge his Meffiah-
lhip; Matt. xii. 1—21; Mark ii. 23—28; and
iii. 1 — 12; Luke vi. 1 — 11.
Having prayed all night in a mountain, he chooSes his
twelve difciples from among his other followers ;
defcends to the plain; works many miracles ; re
peats part of his celebrated fermon on the Mount ;
Mark iii. 13—19; Luke vi. 12 — 49; heals the
centurion's Servant, and commends his faith ; Matt.
viii. 5 — 13 ; Luke vii. 1 — 10 ; raifes the widow of
Nain's fon to life ; Luke vii. 11 — 17; Mark iii.
19 — 2r; anfwers John Baptift's inquiry, W/jether
he was the promifed Meffiah ; difcourfes concerning
John, and bewails the fate of the impenitent cities
of Galilee; Luke vii. 18 — 35; Matt. xi. ; dines
with a Pharifee, and vindicates the woman who
anointed his feet; Luke vii. 36 — 50. Takes ano
ther tour through the cities of Galilee, attended by
his difciples and fome pious women ; anfwers the
Pharifees' charge of correfpondence with Satan ;
warns them of the danger of finning againft the
Holy Ghoft, and of idle words ; upbraids the
Pharifees' perverfenefs in feeking a Sign from hea
ven ; pronounces the parable of the relapfed demoniac
againft them ; intimates his refolution to perfevere
in his work, and his endeared affection to his obe
dient difciples ; Luke viii. 1 — 3 ; and xi. 14—36 }
Matt. xii. 22 — 50 ; Mark iii. 22 — 35.
Retiring to the weft fide of the fea of Tiberias, he
delivers the parables of the fower and of the tares,
which he afterwards explained to his difciples; and
of the fprirtging field, the muflard feed, the leaven, the
hid treafure, the pearl, and the net; Matt. xiii.
Mark iv. 1 — 34; Luke viii. 4 — 18. After an-
fvvering fome who profeffed their inclination to fol
low him, he eroffes the Sea eaflward, and ftills ar-
tempeft; Matt. viii. 18 — 27; Mark iv. 35 — 41 ;
Luke ix. 57 — 62; diflodges the devils out of two
madmen, the one extremely furious; and permits
them to enter into and drown the fwine ; and, at
the Gadarenes' requeil, leaves the country, and crofles
the fea to Capernaum ; Matt. viii. 28 — 34 ; and ix.
1 ; Mark v. 1 — 21 ; Luke viii. 26 — 40. Bernf
feafled at Matthew's houfe, he juftifies his convert
ing with Sinners ; vindicates his difciples' prefent
omiffion of religious aufterities ; cures an inveterate
bloody iffue, and reftores to life Jairus' daughter;
Matt. ix. 10 — 34; Markii. 15 — 22; and v. 22 —
43; Luke v. 29 — 39; and viii. 41 — 56. Re
moves from Capernaum to Nazareth, where, heing
again rejected, he begins another new circuit
through the cities of Galilee; Matt. xiii. 54—58;
and ix. 35 — 38 ; Mark vi. 1—6. Sends forth his
difciples to preach in different parts, vridi proper
directions and encouragements; Matt. >.-. aod xi.
1 ; Markvi. 1 — 13; Luke ix. 1 — 6.  Heiod the
tetrarch of Galilee fufpects him to be John Baptift,
whom he had lately beheaded at the indication of
Herodias his inceftuous harlot; Matt. xii~. 1  12 •
Markvi. 14—29; Luke ix. 7 — 9. ; <,

Chronological Index

INTRODUCTION.

of fcripture hiftory, &c.

Y. of
world.
4°35

3035

D.
32 32

Jefus.'

^R& ' ' '

;' difciples being returned from their miffions, he
retires to the defert of Beth&ida; multitudes flock
ing to hear him,- he miraculoufly feeds 5000 with a
few loaves. To avoid their making him a king, he
croffes the fea weftward; walks on the fea; ftills a
tempefl ; heals many difeafed ; is followed by the
multitude whom he had feafted ; he reprefents him
felf as the bread of life ; is quickly deferted by mul
titudes; tries the 'conftancy of his difciples; and
foretells that one of them Should betray him; Matt.
xiv. 1 3—36; Mark vi. 30—56; Luke ix. 10 —
17; John vi. He condemns pharifaic wafhings
and traditions; and inculcates purity of heart; Matti
Xv. 1 — 20; Mark vii. 1 — 23. »
About the time of the third paffover he withdraws into
the borders of Tyre and Zidon; commends the
Syro-phenician woman's faith, and cafts the devil
out of her daughter; returning through Decapolis,
cures a deaf man; and, after feeding 400O with a
few loaves, croffes the fea of Tiberias weftward,
and lands near Dalmanutha and Magdala ; Matt.
xv., 21 — 39; Mark vii. 24 — 37; viii. 1 — 10.
Again upbraids the Pharifees for afking 4 Sign of his
Meffiahfhip, and hea!s a blind man at Bethfaida.
Returning thence to Cefarea Philippi, near the
fprings of Jordan, he acknowledges himfelf the
Meffiah ; foretells his fufferings ; rebukes Peter ;
and encourages his difciples to felf-denial and mar
tyrdom; Matt. xvi. Mark viii. 11 — 38; and ix.
I ; Luke ix. 18 — 27. — On the eighth day after he
is transfigured; foretells his death and refurrection;
declares that John Baptift was the New Teftament
Elias ; defcends from the Mount ; cafts out an ob-
flinate devil; warns his difciples of his future fuf
ferings ; caufes a fifh to bring money for his tribute
at Capernaum ; Matt, xvii. Mark ix. 2 — 32 ;
Luke ix.. 28 — 45 ; recommends harmony and hu
mility; directs how to deal with offending brethren ;
and, by the parable of the unmerciful fervant, in
culcates forgivenefs of injuries; Mark ix. 33 — 37,
42 — 50; Luke ix. 46 — 48; Matt, xviii,; and re
proves John for rebuking a cafter-out of devils ;
Mark ix. 38 — 41 ; Luke ix. 49, 50.
After difcourfing with his unbelieving kinfmen, he
goes up to the feafl of tabernacles at' Jerufalem ;
where he preaches in the temple; vindicates his
conduct and miffion; and the Sanhedrim attempt to
apprehend him ; John vii. Next morning he re
turns to the court of the temple; declines judging
in the cafe of the adulterefs ; reprefents himfelf as
the light of the world; warns his hearers againft un
belief and a dependance on their defcent from Abra
ham ; and declares his own pre-eternity ; where
upon the Jews attempt to Stone him; John viii. The
feventy difciples return with ajoytul account of their
fuccefs ; he Shews the Scribe the way to eternal life ;
delivers the parable of the good Samaritan; and,
leaving Jerufalem, comes to Bethany, where he
commends Mary's attention and choice ; Luke x.
17 — 42. Returning to Galilee, he instructs his
difciples how to pray ; delivers the parable of the
importunate friend; dining with a Pharifee, he ad
monishes him and his brethren of their fin and dan
ger; Luke xi. 1 — 13,37 — 54; cautions his dif
ciples againft hypocrify and the fear of man; de
clines to decide a cafe of property between two bro
thers ; pronounces the parable of the rich fool; re
peats the cautions againft covetoufhefs which he

Y. world.

of

3034

a. p.:

1
31

4036

33

had given in his fermon on the mount ; inculcates,
watchfulnefs for his fecond coming, and care to
entertain his.prefent meffage; Luke xii.; urges the
peceffity of repentance ^ delivers the payable of the
barren fig tree; cures a deformed woman, on the fab
bath; and, regardlefs nf Herod's hatred, profejcutes
his work ; Luke xiii. Invited to dine with a Pha
rifee, he cures a man of a dropfy on the fabbath,
and vindicates himfelf; recommends humility and
generofity ; in his parable of the marriage fupper,
foretells the rejection of the Jews and calling pf the
Gentiles ; and urges a deliberate refolution in reli
gion ; Luke xiv. To vindicate his -familiar con-
verfe with publicans and Sinners, he pronounces the
parables of the loftjbtep, . loft piece of filver, and, pro
digal fon; Lukexv. ; and of the unjuft fleward and
ridr glutton ; Luke xvi. ; and exhorts his difciples
to Simplicity, forgiving offences, and humility;
Lukexvii. 1— -11. Travelling through Samaria to
Jerufalem, he rebukes the intemperate zeal of
James and John againft the Samaritans ; and heals
ten lepers; Luke ix. 51 — 56; and xvii. 12 — 19.
Coming near to Jerufalem, he warns the Jews againft
expecting a pompous kingdom of the Meffiah ; and
foretells their approaching miferies; Luke xvji. 20
— 37 ; and, by his parables of the importunate wi
dow and the humbled publican, he recomipends
importunity, perfeverance, and humility, in prayer ;
Luke xviii. 1 — 14. At JeruSaJem, during th^ feaft
of dedication, he opens the eyes of one born blind,;
encourages him when excommunicated by the Sari-
hedrim ; admonishes the proud Pharifees of their
danger; reprefents himfelf as the Meffiah and Shep
herd of God's flock, and as one with his Father;
and, to avoid being ftoned as a blafphemer on that
account, retires beyond Jordan.
Here he declares againft rafh divorces; bleffes the
little children ; tries the young ruler's obedience ;
reprefents the danger of riches; Matth. xix. Mark
x. 1 — 31; Luke xviii. 15 — 30; and, by the pa
rable of labourers in a vineyard, warns the Jews not
to envy the Gentiles' admiffion to feliowfhip with
God in his church; Matt. xx. 1 — 16., Informed
of Lazarus' ficknefs, after his death he returns
to Bethany near Jerufalem, and raifes him from
the dead : the Sanhedrim having agreed he fhould
for this be put to death, he- retires to a city called
Ephraim; John xi. Returning towards Jerufalem,
he foretells his fufferings ; rebukes the ambition of
James, John, and their mother; and,paflfng through
Jericho, cures two blind men ; Matt. xx. 1 7 — 34 ;
Mark x. 32 — 52; Luke xviii. 31 — 43. He con
verts Zaccheus the publican; and, by the parable
of the pounds, reprefents the mifery coming on the
Jewifh nation ; Luke xix. 1 — 28. At Bethany he
is feafted by Lazarus and anointed by Mai7> J0*111
xii. 1 — 11; Matt. xxvi. 6 — 13; Mark; xiv. 3—9.
On the firft clay of the week he rides in, triumph to
Jerufalem; weeps over it upon fight of it; drives
out the traders from the court of the temple, and
works miracles there; converfes with fome Greeks,
and retires to Bethany. Returns to Jerufalem; next
morning curfes the barren fig tree, and again ex
pels the merchants Srom the temple, wlpch exafpe-
rates the priefts ; and at even returns to Bethany ;
Matt. xxi. 1 — 19; Mark xi. 1 — igjiLukexix.
28 — 48; John xii. 12 — 50. Returns to Jerufalem
on Tuefday mosning j the fig tree is withered.; h«

Chtnohgical Index

INTRODUCTION,

of fcripture hiftory, &c

Y. of
world.

4*>36'

A. D,

33

confounds the Jewifh rulers who had queftioned his
authority; delivers the parables of the two fons, the
vineyArd let out to hufbandmen, and the marriage
dinner; Mark xi. 20 — 33 ; and xii. 1— 12; Luke
xx. 1— 19; Matt. xxi. 20—46; and xxii. 1 — 14;
confounds the Jews in their attempt to enfnare
him about paying tribute ; proves the refurrection
of the dead ; Shews what is the great command
ment ; Silences the Pharifees with refpect to the
Meffiah's divinity; and repeats his denunciations
againft them ; Mark xii. 13 — 40 ; Luke xx. 20 —
47; Matt. xxii. 15 — 39; and xxiii. Going out
of the temple at even, he applauds the liberality of
the poor widow; foretells his coming to deftroy
Jerufalem and to judge the world, and the figns
thereof; and, by the parables of the fervaHts, ten
virgim, and talents, and by the defcription of the
laft judgment, inculcates watchfulnefs, fincerity,
and activity, in religion; Mark xii. 41 — 44; Luke
xxi. 1 — 36 ; Matt. xxiv. xxv. ; and warns his dif
ciples that he Should be betrayed in two days to his
enemies. That fame night the Jewifh rulers plot
his death; and Judas, coming in at the very time,
agrees to betray him; Matt. xxvi. 1 — 5, 14 — 16;
Mark xiv. 1, 2, 10, 11 ; Luke xxi. 37, 38; and
xxii. 1 — 6.
On Thurfday he directs two of his difciples to pre
pare the paffover: and, having fpent that day, and
perhaps m.it of the Wedne.'day, in folemn prayer,
he fits down with his diSciples at night, and eats the
paffover ; rebukes toeir ambition ; wafhes their
feet-; intimates that Judas fhould betray him, who
thereon retires to the Jewifh rulers; he exhorts
them to brotherly love ; foretells Peter's denial of
him; adminifters the Eucharift; Matt. xxvi. 17 —
29; Mark xiv. 12 — 25; Luke xxii. 7 — 27; John
xiii.; and entertains his difciples with a confolatory
difcourfe, which he concludes with a Solemn prayer ;
Luke xxii. 28 — 32; John xiv — xvii. After ting
ing an hymn, and warning Peter and his fellow dif
ciples of their future trial and fall, he retires to the
garden of Gethfemane; where, after terrible in
ward trouble and prayer, he is betrayed by Judas ;
but makes his apprehenders fall backward, and heals
Malchus' ear. Being carried to the palace of Caia-
phas, be is examined and abufed, and Peter thrice
denies him ; Matt. xxvi. 30 — 75 ; Mark xiv. 26
— 72; Luke xxii. 31 — 71; John xviii. 1 — 27.
On Friday morning the Jewifh rulers remit him to
Pilate, who, after examination, fends him to He
rod as tetrarch of Galilee. After fome infolent
abufe, he is returned to Pilate as an Innocent Perfon.
After feveral attempts to releafe him, Pilate, pro
testing his own innocence, condemns him to be
crucified, to pleafe the Jews; Matt, xxvii. 1 — 26;
Mark xv. 1 — 15; Luke xxiii. 1 — 25; John xviii.
28 — 40; and xix. 1 — 16. While Judas repents
and hangs himfelf; Matt, xxvii. 3 — 10; Acts i.
j 6 — 20 ; Jefus is led to Calvary, bearing his crofs,
and there nailed to it. While his garments are
divided, and himfelf intuited, he converts a fellow
fufferer; recommends his mother to the care of
John his beloved difciple ; fupplicates pardon to his
murderers ; recommends his departing foul to
. God; and expires in triumph. Amazing prodigies
attend his death : his body, being pierced but not
a bone of it broken, is begged and buried by Jo-
ft>nh r,( Arimathpa. And hie enemies fecure the

Y. of
world.

4036

guard

A- D> grave by a larae ftonc fealed, and a ftrong
Mark xv. 16—47 ; Luke x\iii. 26 — 56 ; John
xix. 16 — 42 ; Matt, xxvii. 26 — 66.
33 Early on the firft day of the week' Jefus rifes from
the dead, his grave being opened by angels, who
affrighted the guard, and made them- run from the
fepulchre. Mary Magdalene, finding the" grave
open, calls Peter and John, who enter into it and
return. Mary Slaying at the grave, Jefus appears
to her; Mark xvi. 1 — 4; Luke xxiv. 1,2, 12;
John xx. 1 — 17. Leaving her, he appeared to the
other women whom the angel had before informed
of his refurrection. This they reported to his in
credulous difciples; Matt, xxviii. 5 — 10; Mark
xvi. 2, 5 — 11 ; Luke xxiv. 3 — 11 ; John xx. 18.
While the guard report to the Jewifh rulers how
they had been terrified by the earthquake and angels,
and are inftructed to ute an ill-Sormed Salfehood,
Jefus appears to Peter, and then to the two difciples
on their way to Emmaus ; and, in fine, to ten of
them that evening; Matt, xxviii. 11 — 15; Mark
xvi. 12, 13; Luke xxiv. 13 — 43 ; John xx. 19 —
23; 1 Cor. xv. 4, 5. On that day week he ap
pears to all the eleven, and cures Thomas of his
unbelief; John xx. 24 — 29. Some time after he
appears to his difciples at the fea of Tiberias; tries
Peter's affection, and foretells his martyrdom ; John
xxi. 1 — 24. He appears to the whole body of his
followers in Galilee ; and afterwards, on feveral
occafions, to his difciples. At laft, leading them
out of Jerufalem to the mount of Olives or Betha
ny, he, in their fight, attends into heaven ; 1 Cor.
xv. 6, 7; Matt, xxviii. 16 — 20.; Mark xvi. 15—
20; Luke xxiv. 44 — 52; John xx. 30; and xxi.
25; Acts i. 1 — 12.
The apoftles return to Jerufalem. Upon PeterV'
motion, Matthias is elected in the place of Judas ;
Acts i. 13 — 26. On the tenth day after Jefus'
afcenfion the Holy Ghoft is poured out upon his
difciples, to guide them into all truth, direct them
to work miracles, and to Speak the languages they ...
had never learned. That very day^the apoftles
' preach, and all the different tribes, affembled at
Pentecoft, hear them in their own language, and
3000 are converted to Chrift ; Joel ii. 28 — 32 ;
Luke xxiv. 49.—— Mark xvi. 17, 18; John vii.
39; xiv. 16 — 20, 26 ; xv. 26, 27; and xvi. 7— .
15; Acts ii. Peter and John cure a lame man.
Peter adds an affecting difcourfe to the Spectators j
Acts iii. Behaving courageoufly betore the San
hedrim, they are threatened ; but, returning to their
brethren, they thank God, and are again filled with
the Holy Ghofl ; Acts iv. 1— 31. The number
and zeal of the converts ftill increafing, many devote
their fubftance to the Lord. God's Striking Ananias
and Sapphira dead for keeping back a part of the
price of their lands, and other miracles, promote
the enlargement of the church ; Acts iv. 4, 32—
37 ; and v. 1 — 16. Enraged hereat, the Jewifh
rulers imprifon the twelve apoftles ; but an angel
liberates them. Being again apprehended, they
are, by Gamaliel's advice, difmifl'ed with their life ;
Acts v. 17 — 42.
The converts daily increafing, feven deacons are
chsfen to manage their facred donations. Stephen,
one of them, confounding the Jews with his proofs
of Jefus' Meffiahfhip, is called before the Sanhe
drim as a blafphemer ; and, while he was making

Chronological. Index

INTRODUCTION.

Y. of | A
v^.rU.

. D.

4^£

4047

4048

44

4052 or
4055

4056

45

49

52

53

a long defence, is interrupted and tumultuoufly
Stoned ; Acts vi, vii. A violent perfecution en-
fues at Jerufalem, which, fcatters all the preachers
hut the apoftles. Philip, another deacon, preaches
to the Samaritans. Peter and John, Sent by the
apoftles, go there, and communicate the miracu
lous influences of the Holy Ghoft. Simon, a pre
tended convert, offers them money for fuch power ;
but his offer is detefted. — Philip baptizes theEthio-
pian eunuch, and preaches along the weft borders
of Canaan; Acts viii.
Saul, who had affifted at the Stoning of -Stephen,
and had been a moil furious perfecutor, is miracu
loufly converted near Damafcus, and becomes a
moft zealous preacher there; preaches in Arabia ;
returns to Damafcus ; efcapes a fnare laid for his
life. — After three years he repairs to Jerufalem ;
fees Peter and John : but the Jews being enraged
at his bold difcourfes, he is fent to Tarfus in Cili-
cia, his native place; Ads vii. 58; viii. 1—3;
xxii. 3—21 ; xxvi. 4 — 20; and ix. 1 — 30; 1 Cor.
xv. 8—10; Gal. i. 12—24; 1 Tim. i. 12—16.
The perfecution ceafing, the Jewifh converts gready
increafe. Peter cures iEneas of a palfy at Lydda,
~ and reftores Dorcas to life at Joppa. Called by
the order of an angel, encouraged by a vifion of
animals, and directed by the Holy Ghoft, Peter
preaches to, and baptizes, Cornelius and other
Gentiles at Cefarea; and, to the great joy of his
brethren, accounts for his conduct ; Acts ix. 31 —
43 5 x. and xi. 1 — 18. The gofpel is preached
at Antioch in Syria with great fucceSs. ; Barnabas
and Saul, for about a year, labour in confirming
the converts there. Agabus, foretelling a famine,
a collection is made for the poor faints, at Jerufa
lem; Actsxi. 19 — 30.
Herod Agrippa murders James the apoftle and bro
ther of John; and imprifons Peter, who is libe
rated by an angel. When Herod had juft difplayed
his pride, and accepted blafphemous flattery, he is
fmitten by an angel, and eaten up of worms;
Ads xii.
Having delivered the collection, Barnabas and Saul
return from Jerufalem to Antioch along with John
Mark. By the direction of the Holy Ghoft they
are feparated to preach to the Gentiles. They
preach in Cyprus, where Elymas the forcerer is
Struck blind, and Sergius the Roman governor is
converted ; and in Pamphylia, at Antioch in Pifi-
dia, Iconium, Lyftra, and Derbe, and all places in
Leffer Afia, he. ; and in all meet with oppofition;
Acts xiii. xiv.
Some Jewifh preachers infifting that the Gentile con
verts ought to be circumcifed and keep the law of
Mofes, the difpute is referred to a fynod of apoftles
and elders at Jerufalem ; whofe determination be
ing given, is difperfed among the churches, ta their
great joy; Acts xv. 1—35; and xvi. 4, 5. Peter,
coming down to Antioch, Sinfully diffembles, and
is rebuked by Paul ; Gal. ii. 11 — 21. Paul with
Silas, and Barnabas with John Mark, Separate,
and vifit the churches which they had lately plant
ed; Acts xv. 36 — 41. Paul, Silas, and Timo
thy, travel through much of Leffer Afia. Directed
by a vifion, Paul croffes the Mediterranean Sea into
Macedonia in Europe; preaches at Philippi,*where
Lydia is converted and the devil diflodged from a
Sorcerefs; — on which account they are eaft into

of fcripture hiftory, he.

Y." of
.world. 4057

4059

4.060

A. D.

54

4063

4064

56

57

60

61

4066

4068 4069

4077

63

65

66

70

priSon, but quickly liberated, and the jailor con
verted ; Acts xv i.-
They. plant churches at Theflalonica and Bereaj
Paul preaches at Athens ; proceeds to Corinth,
whence he writes his epiftles to the Theffalonians,
and perhaps that to the Galatians ; and where
Gallio takes their part againft the furious Jews ;
Acts xvii. and xviii. 1 — 18. An Egyptian Jew pre
tends to be the Meffiah, and is followed by 30,000,
whom Felix difperfes ; Acts xxi. 38.
Paul returns from Europe to Afia; touches at Ephe
fus; leaves there Prifcilla and Aquila, who had
followed him from Corinth; and haftens by Cefa
rea to Jerufalem, againft the time of the paffover.;
Acts xviii. 18 — 22.
After vifiting the regions of Galatia and Phrygia,
Paul preaches a considerable time at Ephefus;
whence Apollos, an Alexandrian, had been Cent to
Corinth ; but is oppofed by Demetrius the filver-
finith and his mob ; writes his firft epiftle to the
Corinthians, if not alfo that to the Galatians ; Acts
xvii^j 23 — 28; and xix. 1 Cor. i  xvi. Gal.
i — vi.
Departs from Ephefus to Macedonia in Europe ; col
lects a contribution for the poor faints • at Jerufa
lem. Informed of the good fuccefs of the former, :
writes his fecond epiftle to the Corinthians, and*
perhaps the firft to Timothy; comes to Corinth,
whence, he writes his epiftle to the Romans; Acts
xx. 1 — 3; 2 Cor. viii. 1, 2, 6, 9; and i— -xiii.
i Tim. i — vi. Rom xvi. 1 ; and i — xvi.
Paul puipofes to fail directly to Syria with the collec
tion; but, being informed that the Jews laid 'wait
for his life, he travels through part of Europe and
Leffer Afia ; earneftly exhorts the elders of Ephe
fus to faithful nefs and diligence in their office ; 
arrives at Jerufalem; is apprehended in the temple;
claims the privilege of a Roman, and efcapes
fcourging ; pleads his caufe before the Sanhedrim.
— To prevent his affaffination by the Jews, Lyfias
the Roman captain fends him to Felix the governor
of Judea at Cefarea ; who, though he trembled at
his difcourfe, kept him prifoner two full years ;
Acts xx — xxiv. *
Paul is pannelled before Feftus the new governor;
appeals to Caefar; pleads his caufe before Feftus
and Agrippa.— After a dangerous paffage, and Ship
wreck on the ifle of Malta, he arrives at Rome
where he is continued a prifoner at large for two
years; Acts xxv — xxviii. 4 and writes his epiftles
to the Philippians, Philemon, Coloffians, Ephefians,
and Hebrews; Phil, i— iv. Col. i— iv. Eph. i— .
vi. Heb. i — xiii.
About the end of this year he is fet at liberty; preaches
in Crete, and leaves Titus to fet things in order ;
perhaps preaches in Spain.
From Rome he writes his epiftle to Titus, and at
leaft the Second to Timothy. About this time Nero
begins the firft imperial perfecution of the Chris
tians, after the gofpel had, for more than thirty
years, been Spreading -and taking deep root in the
empire. About this time James, Peter, and jude,
wrote their epiftles to the difperfed Hebrews.
" Jerufalem was utterly laid wafte by the Romans, and
the Jewifh nation deftroyed in the moft miferable
manner. This, together with the difafters which
followed under Trajan about A. D. 1 ni, and un
der Adrian about, n-i or \?h nls...>!>, -,-,-..: ~j

Chronological Index

Y. of
wo j Id.

4°93

43^6

4326 434i

A. D.

90

3L3

4483

4609

323

338

INTRO DUCTI
A. D.
756

of 'fcripture hiftory, &c.

480

606

God's abolition of the Levitical ceremonies, as
none of the principal ones could be any more ob
ferved ; and fo weaned the Chriftians from their
attachment to them; Matt. viii. 11, 12; and xxiii.
34 — 39 J Luke xxix. 42 — 44; and xxi. 20 —
26, &c.
About this time, or fome years after, John wrote his
Revelations, and perhaps alfo his Epiftles.
From A. D. 66 to 312, particularly about 66, 95,
107,^120, 160, 202, 235, 250, 257, 272, and 303,
the Chriftian church was terribly perfecuted by the
Roman emperors : and herefies and contentions,
efpecially in the interval of perfecution, rendered
her ftate very miferable. Meanwhile the Roman
empire, by the murder of emperors, by the ravages
of the Scythian tribes, and by famines and pefti-
lences, was no lefs unhappy. Thefe things were
foretold by the opening of the fecond, third, fourth,
and fifth feals ; Rev. vi. 3 — n ; and xii. 1 — 4.
After a terrible perfecution of the Chriftians for ten
years, the heathen emperors and their armies are
quite overthrown by Conftantine ; heatbenifm is
abolifhed, and Christianity made the eftablifhed re
ligion of the empire; Rev. vi. 12 — 17; and xii.
5 — 12; Pf. xxi. 8 — 12; and ex. 5,6; and lxviii.
28-31.
The church began to enjoy a confiderable calm of fif
teen years, in which multitudes were converted to
Chrift; Rev. vii. and viii. 1.
After Conftantine's death, by means of the partition
cf the empire into the Weflern and Eaflem, and by
the ravages of the Goths and other Barbarians
(efpecially after 395, till the weflern empire was
utterly abolifhed in A. D. 476, and the whole
power of Rome extinguished about 566) the Ro
man empire was generally miferable. And in the
fame period, by the fchiS'm of the Donatifts ; by
the herefies of the Arians, Pelagians, Neftorianf,
and Eutychian , and the contentions and perfecu
tions attending the fame; and by the gradual intro
duction of Antichriftian hierarchy and fuperftition ;
the church became more and more miferable ; Rev.
viii. 5 — 12 ; and xii. 13 — 17.
By this time ten toes, horns, or kingdoms, were
formed out of the Roman empire; which, though
often altered in their particular extent or form of
government, have ever ft ,ce continued ; and have
for the moft part been fubject to the power of the
Pope; Dan. ii. 41, 42; and vii. 7, 20, 24; Rev.
xii. 3; xiii. I ; and xvii. 3, 10, 12.
The Antichriftian ftate, which had been long forming
by the gradual corruption of the doctrine, worfhip,
difcipline, and government, of the Chriftian church,
arrived at its perfect form, the bifhop of Rome be
ing constituted her Universal Head; who has
ever fince generally ruled over moft part of the Ro
man empire in the Weft; Dan. vii. 8, 24 — 26;
and xi. 36 — 39; 2 Theff. ii. 3—12 ; 1 Tim. iv.
I — 3; 2 Tim. iii. 1 — 9; and iv. 3, 4 ; Rev. ix.
x — 1 1 ; and xiii. xvii. Meanwhile the Mahome
tan delufion was introduced into the Eaft, and fu
rioufly propagated far and wide by fire and fword.
It ftill continues eftablifhed in the 'extenfive empires
oflndoftan, Perfia, Turkey, and Morocco; Rev.
ix. 1 — 11 ; Dan. xi. 40.
An hundred and fifty years, or five months, after their

Y. of
world.

4759

48035058

5281

5520

5869

800
1055

1281

1517

i866

6900

2900

ON.
rife, and 666 years after John received his Revela
tions, and about Seventy years after a mbft dread
ful peflilence in Afia and Europe, the popes be
came civil lords in Italy, and gradually extended
their civil power bver all the tei* kingdoms of their
fubjects, and claimed it over all the earth. At the
fame time the Mahometan delufion and Saracenic
empire were at their higheft fummit of power ;
Dan. vii. 8, 24; and xi. 37, 40; 2 Thefl. ii. 4;
Rev. xiii. 2, 12.
The German empire is founded by Charles the Greatj
Rev. xiii. 3, 14, 15.
After pouring themfelves fouth-weftward into Perfia
for feveral ages, the Seljukian Turks about this
time formed the four kingdoms of Bagdad, Iconi-
um, Aleppo, and Damafcus, near the Euphrates j
but, by their own contentions, and by the Tartar
invafions, and by the war of the European Cru-
fades, their power was reftrained for two hundred
years ; Rev. ix. 14.
The Ottoman Turks began their conquefts upon the
Chriftians; and for about 390 years gradually car
ried it on, murdering an infinity of men, and form
ing a very extenfive empire, which ftill fubfiits ;
Dan.xi.40 — 43; Rev. ix. 15 — 19.
Claude of Turin and his followers, in the ninth and
tenth, the Waldenfes in the twelfth and thirteenth,
the Wicklifites in the fourteenth, and the Huffitc-.s
in the fifteenth centuries, and others, amidft poverty
and perfecution, faithfully teftified againft the po-
pifh abominations.
A more extenfive reformation began by Luther,
Zuinglius, Calvin, and others, which iffued in the
revolt of about half of the pope's fubjects from him ;
Rev. xi. 3 — 6.
About this time, or 150 years later, Chrift's wit-
neffes, who have been much perfecuted, and often
reduced very low, will be almoft utterly extirpated
by Antichriftian influence. But God, — who has
already Scourged the Antichriftians by the wars of
the Saracens, Seljukian and Ottoman Turks, and
by the contefts between the popes and emperors of
Germany, or between rival popes, or by the Pro
teftant reformation, — will, by terrible wars, or fome
other means, continued perhaps for thirty years,
pull down the Antichriftian and Mahometan pow
ers, and introduce the glorious thousand years
reign of the faints ; Plal. ii.9; xxi. 8 — 12; and
ex. 5, 6; If. Ixvi. 6, 15, 16; Dan. ii. 34, 35, 44,
45; vii. 14, 26,27; xi. 45 ; and xii. 11,22;
Rev. xi. 2, 7 — 19; xiv. 8—20; xvii. 14 — 17;
xvi. xviii. xix. and xx. 1 — 6; Ezek. xxxvii —
xlviii. &c.
Or about 1 50 years later, there will perhaps be a great
decay of religion, and the final war of Gog and Ala-
gog againft the church; Luke xviii. 8; Rev, xx,
. 7 — 10.
The general judgment of the world and the renova
tion of the earth will take place ; Rev. xx. 11 — 15;
and xxi. 2 Pet. iii. 7 — 13; If. lxv. 17 ; and Ixvi.
22 ; Matt. xxv. 30—45.
The wicked Shall be for ever punifhed in hell ; and
the faints eternally bleffed with the full enjoyment

of God in heaven ; Matt
12 ; Rev. xiv. 10 — 1

I — 15, &c.
h 2 .

xxv.
3> xx.

3 5

2 Theff. i. 8— .
xxi. and xxii.

A P

END

X

O Y

Weights, Monies, Measures, and Times, mentioned in Scripture.

I. f\F .weights, a Jewifh shekel weighed a little more than '
^•nine-twentieths of an ounce Troy. A maneh or pound
¦ weighed fixty Shekels, or two pounds three ounces and a third
part of an ounce. Fifty manehs, a talent, weighed 3000
Shekels, or a little more than 113! pounds Troy. All the
Greek Minas, or Roman pounds, were much lefs than the
Hebrew maneh: but fome of the talents were confiderably ,
heavier than the Hebrew one ; that of Antioch amounting to
390 pounds and almoft four ounces Troy.
II. Of monies, a mite was fcarcely the tenth part of a farthing,
or about a forty-third part of the value of a penny. The
chalcos, or brass piece, was equal to feven mites, or near
two-thirds of a farthing Englifh. The obolus was equal in
value to eight of thefe, or fifty-fix mites, which is one penny
farthing and a fixth part of a farthing. The Greek drachme
and Roman penny were in value feven pence three farthings.
The stater was equal in value to fifteen pence halfpenny.
The Jewifh Gerah to one penny and about the third part of
a farthing. The Bekah, to almoft fourteen pence, or ten Ge-
rahs. The Shekel, or Silverling, to twenty Gerahs, or almoft
twenty-feven pence halfpenny. A maneh, or pound of filver,
was equal to fifty Shekels, or five pounds fourteen Shillings
Ilerling ; and a talent, or fixty manehs, to three hundred
and forty-two pounds three Shillings and ninepence. A Shekel
tf gold to thirty-fix Shillings and fixpence ; and a talent of gold
to five thouSand four hundred and feventy-five pounds, or fixty
Manehs.
III. Of measures of length, and hand-breadth amounted to
about three inches and an half. A span, or three hand-breadths,
to almoft eleven inches. A cubit, or two fpans, to almoft
twentyvtwo inches. A fathom, or four cubits, to feven feet
and about three inches and an half. A meafuring reed, or fix
cubits, to almoft eleven feet. A measuring line, or eighty
cubits, to almoft one hundred and forty-fix feet. A furlong,
or stadium, contained four hundred cubits, or almoft one
hundred and forty-fix paces. Five of thefe stadias, or two
thoufand cubits, made a sabbath-day's journey ; and ten of
them an Eaftern mile. Twenty-four miles, or two hundred
and forty furlongs, or ninety-fix thoufand cubits, equal to thirty-
three miles one hundred and feventy-two paces four feet Englifh,
made a day's journey.
IV Of measures of capacity, the Jewifh log held about
two-thirds of an Englifh pint, corn meafure, or two nmths of
the Scotch pint. Their cab, or four logs, contained near
three pints Englifh. Their gomor, or omer, a little more

than five pints. Their hin, a little more than eight pints.
Their seah, or satum, about feventeen pints. Their Ephah,
or three Seahs, fifty-one pints and one-third. Ths chomer,
or cor, five hundred and feventy-five pints and an half, or eight
bufhels one pint and an half Englifh corn meaSure. The Greek
choinix held one pint and a third. The Roman sextarius
about a pint; and their modius, or Buftiel, Sixteen pints and
one-fiSth, or a peck and near eight Solid inches.
N. B. The Englifh pint here mentioned is about a third of the
Scotch pint; not the wine pint, which is little more than a
fourth part of the Scotch pint.
V. Of times. The Jewifh hours were but introduced about
the time of their captivity in Babylon. Their ordinary ones
were of the fame length as ours. Their day, beginning at
Six o'clock in the morning, they divided into twelve hours ; of
which our Nine o'clock in the morning was the third, our
noon their flxth, our Three o'clock after noon their ninth, and
our Five o'clock their eleventh. But they feem 'alfo to have at
laft divided their day into four great hours or watches, each
containing three of the ordinary ones ; and of thefe their third
hour was from noon to Three o'clock. Their night they
divided into four watches, each confifting of three hours.
The firft ended about Nine o'clock, the fecond at midnight,
the third at Three o'clock or cock-crowing, and the fourth
about Six o'clock in the morning. Their week, copied from
God's example in the creation of the world, began on our
Sabbath and ended on Saturday. Their months were re
gulated by the changes of the moon; and each third year con
fifted of thirteen of thefe months or moons : their names

were,I Abib, or Nifan
2 Zif, or Jair
3 Si van
4 Thamuz
5 Ab
6 Elul

{March April
/April
o \May
tio /May
E \ Tune
3 / June
S Uuly
/July \_Augult
{Auguft September

7 Ethanum, or Tifri
8 Bui, or Marchcfuaa
9 Chifleu
10 Thebeth
11 Shebeth
12 Adar, 13 Veao'ar

{September Oaohe'r',
{Oflober November
,^, /November
,E \ December
" /December
^5 \ January
™ /January \Fefcruaiy
{February* March

Their civil year, originating from the creation of the world,
began with Ethanum or Tifri, in our September ; and by it
their releafes and jubilees were regulated. Their sacred
year originating from their deliverance from the Egyptian bon
dage; Exod. xii. began with Abib or Nifan, in our March.
7

The FIRST BOOK of MOSES,

CALLED

Before Ctu-ift
4004.

GENESIS*.
In this look we. have the infpired hiftory of the great events of '2369 years, viz. the creation of all
things; the original happinefs and fall of mankind ; the' fate of Adam and his poflerity, before
the flood; the general corruption of mankind, and the deluge fent to punifh it; the prefervation of
Noah and his family in the ark, and their re-peopling the earth ;, God's confounding of languages
at the building of the tower of Babel; zvith his marvellous providences towards the families of Lot
and Nahor, but efpecially of Abraham, Ifaac, Jacob, and Jofeph, md their improvement of the fame.
CHAPTER I.
AH religion being founded in our relation to God, as
the Maker of all things, we have here, (i) A ge
neral account of the Divine Perfons making the hea
ven and earth out of nothing ; and of the fate if this
bwer world while the earth and water were joined
in one cenfufed mafs; verfes 1, 2. (l) A particu
lar account of Gad? s formation of Ugh', of the firma
ment and their ufi, 3 — 8, His feparation of the
earth from the water, and caujing it to produce herbs,
grafs and trees, 9—13. The upper firmament is
furnifhed with fun, moon, andflars> far enlightening
the earth, and dijlinguijhing the feafons of day and
night, fummer and winter, &c. 14 — 19. The
waters are furnifhed with fifties, and the air with
fowls ; the former created of the water, and the lat
ter of water mingled with earth; 20 — 23. The
earth is furnifhed with tame cattle, creeping things,
end wild hiafts, 24, 25. And, in fine, man is
firmed after the image of God, as a middle creature
between angels and animals, and to be God's deputy
in this lower world; 26 — 30. (3) God's appro-
iatim of particular things as good, i. e. per f eh in
their kind, and Juited to anfwer their particular
ends; and of man, and all things as con netted with
him, and with one another, as very good, 4, 10,
12, 18, 21,25, 31.
IN the beginning God created the
heaven and the earth.
2 And the earth was without
form, and void ; and darknefs war upon
the face of the deep : and the Spirit

RATION. Heb.
BE&K.T'ITH, i'»
the btgmiili£, '

of God moved upon the ^ace of the Be^^ri*
waters. ~  — *
3 % And God faid, Let there be light :
and there was light.
4 And God faw the light that it was
good: and God divided the light from •«*• **»•**«
°. . O * w»»» lirkt and between
the darknefs. *.***,!.
5 And God called the light t Day, and fi^™e
the darknefs he called ? Night. "And the if-tim °nwwt.
1 , O ing or uncertain.
evening and the morning were the firft
day. 6 % And God faid, Let there be a § fir
mament in the midft of the waters, and
let it divide the waters from the waters.
7 And God made the firmament, and
divided the waters which were under the
firmament from the waters which were
"" above the firmament : and it was ib. * in the cion*.
8 And God called the firmament + Hea- + '•¦ •¦ w& »*•
All • 11 • >»ea-er From a.
ven. And the evening and the morning '"""'•
were the fecond day.
9 f And God faid,

v-
I Heb. snd the even*
ins was, <M<1 tbe
marmrgviai. &c.
$ Heb. cr^jiyr.rt, de
ffreatUng tm.

Let the waters

under the heaven be gathered together
unto one place, and let the dry land ap
pear : and it was fo.
1 o And God called the drv land + Earth :

X >. 1. prefling lew
downward.

_ EXPLANATORY NOTES. Cii Ar. J. Verfe I. That is, In the beginning of
time and things, the three Dirme Perfons, in one Godhead, made of nothing the third
heaven, or refijeftce of the Melted , and the whole matter out of which the air and ftarry
heaven, the fea and earth, were afterwards Formed.' Heb. xi. 3. " Through faith we
" understand that the worlds were framed by therWord of God, fo that thing's which are
*' feen were not made of things which do appear." Pfal. cii. 25. " Of old thou haft
" laid the foundation of the earth, and the heavens are the work of thy hands." 2 Pet.
iii. 5. Jer. x. 12. and li. 15. Exod. xxxi. 17. and xx. 11, lfa). xxxiii. 6, 9. Ixxxix.
II, 12. cxlvi. 6. and cxlviii. 1 — 6. If, xtiv. 24, Zech. xii. 1. A&s xiv. 15. xvii.
24. andiv. 24. If. k]H. 5. Rev. iv. 11. x. 6. and sei*. 7. Rom. i. 19, eo. and xi.
36. The word Ez.o«TM,here rendered God, is plural, and denotes the Worshipful
Ones, the Divine Perfons, who equally concurred in the creation ^f all things. 1 Cor.
viii. 6. " The Father, of whom are all things." M»t._ -xi. 25. " He is Lord of
", heaven and earth."— Eph. iri. 9. f God created allthj-ngs by Jefus Chriit." John
1—3. " In the beginning was the Word (the Sm) and the Word was with God, and
" the Word was God — all things wf-re made by him; and without him was not
«' any thing ma&e that wa* aaie,"— -Col. i. 16. P»»v. viii. 27—30. Job xxvi. 13.
Vol. I.

" By his Spirit he garniihed the heavens." Pfal. xxxiii. 6 " All their hofts were
" made by the Spirit of his mouth." And civ. 30.
Ver, 2. Earth, deep, and ivaters, fignify the fame mingled mafs of earth and
water, 2 Pet. iii: 5. " The earth Handing out of the water, and in the water." — It
^was without forty ; without any agreeable Iha"e, order, or ornament: and void;
'without either vegetables to furniih it, or Mimals to inhabit it. And not the
wind, which was not yet .formed, as there was no air, but the Holy Ghoft, in his
almighty influence, moved, or fat brooding, upon this mingled mafs, to prepare.it for
the intended feparation of earth and water, and for the production of vegetables and
anifpals. Ver. 3. 2 Cor. iv. 6. " God commanded the light to mine out of darknefs."—
it, as well as all things elfe, was produced by Chrift, who is God's perfonal Word,
John. i. 3, his wifdom and power, 1 Cor. i. 24. — This light was fome bright fliining
body, perhaps fomewhat like the pillar of fire in the wildcrncf. ; and out of it the {Jim
and ftars appear to have been aft.rwards formed.
Ver. 4. God divided the light from the darknefs, by making them to take different
places by turns j the light always fining upon the one half of tie nj-ngled

Of the creation.

GENESIS.

Man is created.

Bcf4oeo^rift and the gathering together of the waters
called he + Seas : and God faw that /'/

$ i. e. ftraight
ip readers*

was good.

* It feems the world
wastime
£den and the
places about,

1 1 And God faid, Let the earth bring
i«*.i»br««> forth || fs * the-herb yielding feed, and
• if r-ans the world .9 . . ,. rJ . « 1 • 1 ¦ 1
"f ha^Vin t^ fruit-tree yielding fruit after his kind,
whofe feed is in itfelf, upon the earth :
and it was fo.
1 2 And the earth brought forth grafs,
and herb yielding feed after his kind, and
the tree yielding fruit, whofe* feed was
in itfelf, after his kind : ^and God faw
that it was good.
13 And (jie evening and the morning
were the third day.
14 5[ And God faid, Let there be
lights in the firmament of the heaven',
* laf'aJfJZm ' to divide § the day from the night : and
let them be for figns, and for feafons,
and for days, and years ;
1 5 And let them be for lights in the
firmament of the heaven, to give light
upon the earth : and it was fo.
1 6 And God made two great lights ;
*¥*,.%%"!' the greater light* to rule the day, and
the leffer light to rule the night : he made
the ftars alfo.
1 7 And God fet them in the firma
ment of the heaven, to give light upon
the earth,

Before Chrift
4004.

1 8 And to rule over the day and over
the night, and to divide the light from the
darknefs: and God faw that// was good.
1 9 And the evening and the morning
were the fourth day.
20 5[ And God faid, Let the waters bring
forth abundantly the''1' moving creature f 0r'","ti"i-
that hath § life, and fowl that- may' fly *Heb>»'-
above the earth in the " open firmament " f^JZ'tf""
f 1 heaven,
of heaven. 2 1 And God created * great whales, and * XSuSffaT
every living creature that moveth, which ftm^SnU-
1 1 1 r t 1 -1 1 r fathom long,
the waters brought forth abundantly after
their kirfd, and every winged fowl after
his kind : and God faw that // was good.
22 And God bleffed them, faying,
Be fruitful, and multiply, and fill the
waters in the feas, and let fowl multiply
in the earth.
23 And the evening and the morning
were the fifth day.
24 ^[ And God faid, Let the earth bring
forth the living creature after his kind ;
cattle, and. creeping thing, and beafl of
the earth after his kind : and it was fo.
25 And God made the beaft of the
earth after his kind, and, cattle after their
kind, and every thing that creepeth upon
the earth after his kind : and God faw
that it was good.

mafs, and the darknefs covering the other; in much the fame manner as our
fun, by turns, illuminates the one half of the globe, and leaves the other in
darknefs. Ver. 5. The time of the firft revolution of the darknefs and of the light were-
thefirjt day; for both the light and the darknefs exifted together at the fame time, but
en different parts of the mingled mafs.
Ver. 6. This firmament includes the region of the fun, moon, ftars, and comets ;
and the air or atmofphere which furrounds our earth, and feparates between the
water which is in the clouds and that which is in the feas and rivers. Pfal. xxxiii.
6, a. " By the word of the Lord were the heavens made, and all the hoft of them
« by the breath of his mouth. He fpake, and it was done ; he commanded, and it
" ftood faft." Job xxxvii. 18. " He fpread out the Iky, which is ftrong, and as a
" molten looking-glafs." Job xxvi. 13. Pfal. exxxvi. 5. Jer. x. 12. and li. 15. Zech.
xii. I. Jer. x. 13. "There is a multitude of waters in the heavens; and he
" caufeth the vapours to afcend from the — earth." Job xxvi. 8. " He bindeth up
" the waters in his thick clouds ; and the cloud is not rent under them." And xxxviii.
22  26. " Haft thou entered into the treafures of the fnow, and o/the hail, which
" I have referved ? — Who hath divided a water-courfe for the overflowing of
" waters — to caufe it to rain upon the earth?" — Job xxxvii. II. Eccl. xi. 3.
PfaJ. cxlviii. 4.
Ver. 9. Job xxxviii. 9, 10, n. " Who ihut up the fea with doors— -when I made
" the cloud the garment thereof, and thick darknefs a fwaddling-band for it, and
" brake up for it my decreed place, and fet bars and doors ; and faid, Hitherto
" fhalt thou come, but no further?". And xxvi. 10. " He compalTed the fea with
" bounds." Pfal. xxiv. 1, 2. " The earth he founded upon the feas, and efta-
" bliihed it upon the floods." And exxxvi. 6. « He ftretched out the earth above
«' the waters." Pfal. civ. 5 — 9. and xxxiii. 7. 2 Pet. iii. 5. Jer. v. 22. Prov. viii.
29, But the whole globe of earth and fea wa6 hung upon nothing, Job xxvi. 7. The
approbation of the fecond day's work was deferred till the feparation of the waters was
completed ; and we have it— ver. 10.
Ver. II. Pfal. civ. 14, 15. " He caufeth the grafs to. grow for the cattle, and
" herb for the fervice of man ; that he may bring forth food out of the earth —
te w;ne — and oil — and bread." Job xxviii. 5. In this firft production of vege
tables, the folar heat had no influence, as it was not yet formed ; nor had there been

any rain. Thefe vegetables have feed in themfelves ; viz. haSe a power in their root,
branch, leaves, buds, or fruit, to propagate their kinds.
Ver. 14. God now formed more glorious and ufeful enlightener! of the now well
ordered and adorned earth than had been formed on the firft day. The fun is in
itfelf a very extenfive body of light ; and the moon, though it hath no light in it
felf, enlightens our earth, by reflecting the light of the fun ; and , both are called
great lights, fince, by reafon of their nearnefs, they appear to us much larger
than any of the ftars. Thefe lights not only form the day and night ; but alfo
form or mark out the feafons of fowing, planting, reaping, failing, travelling,
or the like; and are for figns of the weather, and fometimes of remarkable' pro.
vidences. Pfal. exxxvi. 7 — 9. " God made great lights — the fun to rule by day,
" and the moon and ftars to rule by night." And lxxiv. 16, 17. « The day is
" thine, the night alfo is thine: thouhaft prepared the light and the fun, Thoa
" haft made fummer and winter." And civ.. 19, 20. " He appointed the moon
" for feafons; the fun knoweth his going down. Thou makeft darknefs,
." and it is night." Deut. iv. 19. « The fun, moon, and ftars, even all
" the hoft of heaven — God hath divided unto all nations," fir ufe. Job xxxviii.
12. Pfal. viii. 3, 4. cxlviii. 3, 5. and cxix. 91. Jer. xxxi. 35. and xxxiii. 25.—
Mat. xvr. 2, 3. « When it is evening, ye fay It will be fair weather, for
" the Iky is red. And in the morning, It will be foul weather to-day, for
" the Iky is red and Wring." Luke xxi. 25, 26. « There ihall be figns in the
" fun, and in the moon, and in the ftars— men's hearts failing them for fear,
" and for looking after thofe things which are coming on the earth." Mat.
xxiv. 29. If. xiii. 10. Ezek. xxxii. 7. Joel ii. 10. to 31, and iii. 15. Afts ii. 19,
20. Jofh. x. 13.
Ver. 21—25. Afts xvii. 25. " He givefh to all life, and breath, and all things."
Pfal. civ. 24—26. " The earth is full of his riches," mines, vegetables, animals. " So
" is this great— fea, wherein are things creeping, innumerable, both fmall and
"great beafts — There is that leviathan," whales, crocodiles, and other fea-mmftm.
Pfal. . 10, 11. « Every beaft of the foreft is mine, and the cattle upon a thoufand
" hills. I know all the fowls of the mountains; and the wild beafts of the field are
" mme," by creation — Job. xl. 15. God's blefling gave the animals a power to
propagate their kinds. Pfal. cvii. 38. " He blefieth them, fo that they are ranlti-
" plied greatly."— Job xiii. 12. PfaJ. cxliv. 13, 14.

Man's hoiinefs and happinefs.

CHAP. I.

Bto4.rift 26 f And God faid, Let us make man
in our image, after our likenefs : and let
them have dominion over the fiih of the
fea, and over the fowl of the air, and
over the cattle, and over all the earth,
and over every creeping thing that creep-
eth upon the earth.
2 7 So God created man in his own
image, in the image of God created
he him ; • male and female created he
them. ,28 And God bleffed them, and God
faid unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply,
and replenish the earth, and fubdue it :
and have dominion over the filh of the
fea, and over the fowl of the air, and

God's provifion for his creatures.
over every living thing that * moveth B%e0c£'m
upon the earth. * Heb. 0-«/«a.
29 5f And God faid, Behold, Ihave given
you every herb t bearing feed, which «fHA/"w"
upon the face of all the earth, and every
tree, in the which is the fruit of a tree
yielding feed : to you it fhall be for meat.
30 And to every beaft. of the earth,
and to every fowl of the air, and to every
thing that creepeth upon the earth, where
in there is * life, / have given every green * Hl*
herb for meat : and it was fo.
3 1 And God faw every thing that he
had made, and, behold, it was very good.
And the evening and the morning were
the Sixth day.

'. a living f.dt.

Reflections upon Chap. I.— Stand ftill, my foul, and con
sider this wonderful work of God! O how his eternal power and
•Godhead Shine forth in forming fo vaft, fo well furnifhed, worlds
of creatures, rational and irrational, animate and inanimate ! What
infinite wifdom appears marked in the vaft variety, the comely
order, and the mutual fubferviency, of all things to the good
of one another, and to his glory ! What goodnefs, in form
ing fuch "multitudes of beings to partake of his bounty as their
all in all ! and efpecially towards man, in forming him after
his own image, and in fo preparing this lower world to be a
commodious lodgment for him in his way to the manfions of
light! Let me then, in .all things, in heavens, inearth, in air,* in
Sea, and in land ; in grafs, in herbs, in trees, in fun, in moon, in ftars,
in fifhes, in fowls, in cattle, and creeping things ; in angels, and in
man; behold the excellencies of my God! Let me enjoy God
himfelf in all things, and all things in God ! Let me ufe them all
as his property, his product, and for his glory and honour ! And,
notwithftanding my nothingnefs, confufion, darknefs, and deadnefs,
let me hope that my all-creating God, Father, Son,, and Holy
Ghoft, will fafhion me, as an abridged world, into a monument of
redeeming mercy, to the praife of the glory of his grace ! Am I a
Chriftian philofopher? Let me, as I have accefs, contemplate the
creatures of God, in their almoft infinitely diverfified natures,
qualities, and ufes ! — Light and celestial luminaries, in
their myfterious nature, "extenfive range, prodigious but duly pro-
'portioned diftance, rapid motions, and powerful influences — Air,
fixed and unfixed, inflammable and uninflammable, in its fluidity,
.weight, elaftkity, and ufefulnefs for forming of wind, promoting
of animal life, tranfmiffion of light, and the like — Water, in
its fluidity, plenteoufnefs, difperfion, faltnefs or frefhnefs, pene
tration, and fitneSs for forming rains, dews, fea-produ£tions ; and

for promoting trade and connections between nations — Earths,
ftones, metals, moulds, in their adhefion, ductility, forms, co
lours, and ufes — Vegetables, in their ftrucSure, growth, curious
parts^ almoft infinitely diverfified forms, colours, and ufes —
Animals, in their curious parts, connected ftrufture, myfterious
life, and dependance on food ; their motions in limits, fitnefs for
procreation and felf-prefervation, beautiful forms, melodious,
awful, or plaintive founds, exquilite and diverfified fmell and tafte :
and, along with thefe, the unlimited divisibility of matter, the
laws of air, attraction, gravitation, electricity, magnetifm, of muf-
cular. motion, and of nervous influences. — Rational spirits, in
their flowers of thinking, willing, recollection, fociability,' - and
union with bodies — as proofs of the exiflence and manifestations of
the myfterious nature and manifold perfections of God, my God in
Chrift ; of whom, through whom, and to whom are all things.
Let me always confider his creatures as memorials of his creating,
preferving, and ruling powers, and as means of delightfully and
awfully imprefiing my heart with his prefence, obfervation, and
influence. Let me rejoice to view all creatures as formed and
fitted for fubferving and promoting God's great and principal work
of our redemption through Chrift, and multitudes of them as in-
ftituted emblems of his perfons, perfections, relations, and opera
tions, as manifefted in it. Let me by faith appropriate a parti
cular new covenant-right to, and property in them all, in and
through Chrift as my head and hufband, as means of my prefent,
and pledges of my future and everlafting enjoyment of God as my
all in all : as means of exciting and leading me habitually to •
think on, admire, adore, and live to his glory, while I remain here
in his lower faniluary on earth ; and to be always mild and humble,
as brother and Sifter to, and dependant on, the mean-eft animal,
infecSl, or atom in it.

_ Ver. 26: The plural is not here ufed for the lingular in the manner of fome modern
kings. There is -not in fcripture' One inftanceof a fnvereign's fpeaking of himfelf only
In the plural, number, toc, us, our. But the plural where denotes a confultation of
the Divine P*erfonsf concerning the production of that fpecies of creatures which was
to be the moft perfect under heaven, and in which the glory of God was to be for
ever moft ilroftrioufly manifefted in his work of redemption. — The image cf God on
'roan includes, (1) The refembiance of his foul, in refpe<5t of fpiritual fubftance, un
derftanding and will : {2) The happinefs of his -ftate, and his honourable dominion
;over the creatures -. (3) And chiefly the moral conformity of his foul to God, in
Spiritual knowledge, righteonfnefs, and hoiinefs. Eccl. xii. 1. " Remember thy Crea-
-*' tors," Heb. i. e. Father, Son, and Holy Gkojl, " in the days of thy youth." Job
'xxxv. 10 « Where isGod my Makers?" Heb. If. iiv. 5. " Thy Makers— the Lord
" of hofts." t« John v. 7  Eccl. vii. 29. " God made man upright." Col. iii. 10.
'¦' Renewed in knowledge after the image of him that created him." Eph. iv. 24.
*' Thenew man after God ic created in righteoufnefs and true hoiinefs. " 2 Cor. iii.

18. with Exod. xv. 11. Gen. v. 1. and ix. 6. Pfal. viii. 4 — 8. " Man— thou bolt
<s made a little lower than the angels, and haft crowned him with glory and honour.
" Thou madeft him to havs dominion, over the works of thy hands ; thou haft put
<c all things under his feet: all iheep and oxen, yea, and the beafts of the field,
" the fowl of the air, and the nih of the fea ; and whatfoever creeping thing pafTeth
" through the paths of the fea." Gen. ii. 19, 20. and ix. 2. Job v. 23. Jer. xxvii. 6.
Ver. 2U. Prov. x. 22. " The blefiing of the Lord maketh rich," i. e. numerous
and happy. Pfal. exxviii, 1 — 4. "Bleffed is every one that feareth the Lord: —
" thou ihalt eat the labour of thine hand — thy wife ihall be as a fi-urtful vine—
tc thy children like olive-plants round about thy table," many, healthful, comely, and
p'-ofpercus. I Chron. xxvi. 4 — 8. Obed-edom had a large and happy family, for
God bleffed him. And iv. 10. Job xiii, 12. Pfal. cvii. 38. Gen. i. 22'. and
viii. 17.
Ver. 29. Acts xvii. 25,28. << Hle.giveth all things. — In him we live, and move,
" and have our being." Pfal. civ. 14, 15. " He'ca'ufech tlic grafs to grow for the
A 2

3%e Sahhath is hfituted. C

GENESIS.

Adem's formation and re/tdenc*.

Before Chrift
4004.

HAP. H.

9 Ch. l. w. Exod.
00. IT. & JI. 17.
z~f£in. kj. ?$¦
2 phrop. 2. 12.
Neh, 9.6. Job r2.
PiaU j?. 6,

T

Is <j« appendix to the preceding hiftory of tht creations
more particularly explaining that part of it which re
lates to man, the favourite of God >n this lower
world. We have in ii an account, (i) Of God's
inflitution and bleffmg of the Sabbath^ which was
made for maty to. promote his hoiinefs and comfort ; r,
2, 3. (2) Of the extraordinary manner in which
the firft vegetables ivere produced, and Adam formed;
q— 7. (3) Of the garden of Eden, and of God's
placing man in it under ¦¦the form of a law and
covenant; 8 — 17; (4) Qf Adam' s dominion wer
the animals on earth, and their acknowledgment of it,
incoming to him for their refpeilive names; iS, 19,
20. (5) Of the need and. the making of the wo-
mdn ; of God's marriage of her to Adam, tvith the
nearnefs of thejr connexion,' and their happy fellow -
fhip between themfelves; 21 — 25.
HUS a the heavens and the earth were
finifhed, and all the hoft of them.
And on the b feventh day God had
.^%.' &i?jj6. ended his work which he had made : and
ta'«f«6'iz!^ he refted on the feventh day from all his
11. ',1 fei'%. work which he had made.
sE? a. t u' g And God bleffed the feventh day, and
•fanctified it : becaufe that in it he had reft
ed from all his Work which God '* created
and made. •
4 *[[ Thefe are the + generations of the
heavens and of the earth, when they were
created ; in the + day that the Lord God
made the earth and the heavens,
5 And every plant of the field, before
it was in the earth, and every herb of the
field, before* it grew : for the Lord God
had not caufed it to rain Upon the earth,
and there was not a man to till the
ground. 6 But 1' there went up a mi-ft from the

fe Exod. zo. \xt Sc
31. 17. ^eut. 5.
14. Heb. 4. 4.
treated to

* Heb.
ntidte.

t .Account -of the
^beginning.

J tltae.

t| Or, a mfi 'tiihkh
¦aetit affrtm, tie.

earth, and watered the whole face of the
ground. 7 And the Lord God formed man § ef*
the c dull; of the ground, and breathed c
into his noftrils the breath of life; and
* man became a living foul.
8 f And the Lord God planted a gar
den c eaftward in Eden ; and there he put «
the man whom he had formed,
9 And f out of the ground made the
Lord God to grow every tree that isf
pleafant to the fight, and good for food :
the tree of life alfo in the audit of the
garden, and the tree of knowledge of
good and evil-
1 o And a river went out of Eden to
water the garden ; and from thence it
was parted, and became into four heads.
1 1 The name of the firft is Pifon : that
is it which * compaffeth the whole land *
of + Havilah, where there is gold. t
1 2 And the gold of that land is good :
there is + bdellium, and the onyx-ftone. *
1 3 And the name of the fecond river
is Gihon : the fame is it that + compaffeth *
the whole land of H Ethiopia. B
14 And the name of the third river
is Hiddekel : that is it which goeth § to- »
ward the eaft of Affyria. And the fourth
river is Euphrates.
1 5 % And the LoRDGod took* the man, *
and put him into the garden of Eden, to
drefs it, and to keep it.
16 And the Lord God commanded
the man, faying, Of every tree of the
garden + thou mayeft freely eat : *

Before Chrift
4004,

Heb. iuf tf th
ground.
Ch. 3. ig. , Cor.
15. 47. Eccl. ib
* I Cot. ij. 4$.

Ch. 4. 16. : Kit
19. 12. Ezek. 27. ,.
23- Eden lay le-
veral hundred
miles eaftward ti
Canaan. 3k ch. 1. n, 11,

runs alone the
fide 6'.
a country on the i
ea:t 0/ Arabia.

a gum, or pearl.

runs along the
fide, of.
Heb. Cu/hf i. ¦ t.
Culheftan in Per
fia. Or, etfu-md *
Jtijrie.

Or, AJitat* wbich
iigllifics Tid earthy
betuttiful, or ;«•
ltd in Uiie.

Heb. toting lin
finite*.

" cattle, 'and herb for the fervice of man, that he may bring food out of the earth —
.1 wine  and oil — and- bread." Pfal. cxiv. 15, 16. "The eye's of all wait upon
" thee, and thou giveil them their meat in due feafon." And cxlvii. 9. " He giveth-to
'"theLbeafthisfood." Prov. xxx. '8. Pfal.-cxi.-5. Mat.vi.-ii, 25,26. Acts xiv. 17.
If. xxxiii. 16. But it doth not appear that either men or animals would have eaten
Hem during the ftate of innocency.
'Chat. '11. "Ver. 6. God, by his creative power, brought the vegetables at firft
'•io-peif',£t\on without 'feeti, arid without concurrence of the foil, fun, rain, or any
»ther natural caufe.
Ver. 7. 'God, with moft exquifite art and fltill, f. imed man's1 body of the duft,
and created, in perfonal union with it, a rational foul ; and'fo made him a human per
fon, capable of exercifing the funflions 'of all forts of life. — If. lxiv. 8. " Lord, thou
*« art our Father — we are the clay, and thou our potter ; and we all are the work of
'*' thy "band." Rom. ix. 20. Pfal. c. 3. " God mide us, not we ourfelves." Pfal.
'citxxix. 14, 15.'" lam fearfully arid wonderfully made." 1 Cor. xv.47. " The firft
'"¦ttjanisof the earth, earthy." Job xxxiii. 6. "I am formed out of the clay." And
iv. 19. " Men dwell in houfes (bodies) of clay ; their foundation is in the duft." Job
xxxiii. 4. " "The Spirit of God hath made me, and the breath of the Almighty hath
"''given me life." And xxvii. 3. " The Spirit, or breath, of God is in my noftrils."
Zech. xii. x. " The Lord' formeth the fpirit of man within him." Hence he is
called, K*b. xiivj. the Fatter offpriti: Numb. xvi. sz. and xxvii. 16. the Gid of the
fpirit: ef till ft/}.

Ver. 8 — 16. Man being thus formed, the Lord gracioufty placed him in a garden,
which was an emblem of the heavenly ftate, called the pmadife of God, Rev. ii. 7.—
In a garden, which himfelf had planted on the third day, ch. i. 11.— In a garden
eaftward from Canaan, in Eden, a (pot of pleafure, which probably lay not far from the
ancient Babylon, where the rivers, Euphrates on the weft, an.d Hiddekel, or Tigris, on
the eaft, joined into one, and watered the garden; and, after running a little fouthward',
were parted into the two ftreams of Gihon on the eaft, and Pifon on the weft.— Jn-»
garden decked and enriched with every choice and fruitful vegetable; the. principal of
which were, the tree of lfc ; fo called becaufe of the invigorating nature of its fruit,
and becaufe it was made a facraroental pledge of man's eternal life in heaven, provided
he kept the covenant which God made with him ; — and the tree of ktttfwledgt tfgad and
evil; fo called becaufe, by the fruit thereof, God tried Adam's obedience; and by the
eating thereof man knew the good he had fallen from, and the evil he had fallen into.
Ver. 16, 17. Here we have God entering into a covenant of works with Adam, and
with all his natural pofterity in him. This is the covenant afterwards publiihed from
Sinai, and which gendereth to bondage. Gal. iv. 24. This is the covenant which Adam
trenjgrcfj'cd. Hof. vL-7. The breach of this covenant was neceflariiy fuppofed by the
remedial one, publiihed after the fall. Gen. iii. 15. Rom. v. 12—21. The
annexing of death to a pofitive command of abftinence from fruit, indifferent in itfelf,
by an infinitely good, gracious, and wife God, inferred likewife the annexing of a
glorious reward to his obedience : and in this the form of a covenant confifts. The
adjoining of the tree of life, and of knowledge cf goid and evil, to this tranfadion, as
confirmatory feals ol life or death j the freijuont'repupliQaciBn of the moral law, iaa
8

Anknals named.

CHAP. II.

Evefbrmtd*

Before CfcrZft
4004.

• Heb. tying thou
Jhalt di.:, 1. e. thou
Jha.it certalnh die
every form of death
in the moft artadful
jnmmr.
f Heb. as beforehim.

g Sec eh. 1. 10, 41,
*4» *5*

h Ch. 1. 16, t8. &
9. a. Ffal. 8.
4—3.
J Or, the man.

tl Heb. r*ff«*. It is
amazing how an
fwerable their
.Hebrew namfcs
arc to v huir ap
pearance and ¦ na
ture.

1 7 But of the tree of the knowledge
of good and evil, thou ihalt not eat of it :
for in the day that thou eateft thereof,
* thou lhalt furely die.
18 ^[ And the Lord God faid, It
is not good that the man fhould be a-
lone : I will make him an help t meet
for him.
1 9 And % out of the ground the Lord
God had formed every beaft of the field,
and every fowl of the. air, and brought
them h unto + Adam, to fee what he would.
call them : and whatfoever Adam called \
every living creature, that was the name
thereof. 20 And Adam I' gave names to all
cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to
every beaft of the field ; but for Adam

not found an help meet for

there was
him. 2 1 And the Lord God caufed a 'l deep
lleep to fall upon Adam, and he flept :
and he took one of his ribs:, and clofed.
up the flefh in ftead thereof.
22 And the rib which the Lord God
had taken from man § made he a wo
man, and brought her unto the man.
23 And Adam faid, This is now bone
of my bones, and flefh of my flefh : fhe
fhall be called Woman, becaufe fhe was k
taken out of man.
24 Therefore ' {hall a man. leave his
father and his mother, and fhall cleave
unto his wife : and they fhall be one flefh.
25 And they were both naked, the
man and his wife, and were not afhamed.-

Before Chrift
4004.

1 Ch, 15. 12. 1 Sam.
26. iz. Jab 4. ij.
& 33. 15. Prov.
'9- '!•

$ Heb. buitded. 1. eY
skilfully formed mejf
comeh and delight. -
Jul.

k I Cor. ti.
Ti'n. z. 13.

8. i

I Mat. 19. 5. Marie
10. 7. I Car. 6v
16. Eph. J. J.,.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — In the faith of God's inftitu*
tion and blefling of the Sabbath, let me always obferve it as in his
fight, ceafing from my own works, as he did from his. Let
me never prefer the example of a wicked generation to that of
God; nor prefer the pleafures of recreation or floth, or the
profits of carnal labour, to fellowfhip with, and enjoyment
ofi God and his "bleffings. Let my care be to receive out of
his fulnefs, and grace for grace ; to remember his mighty
works of creation and redemption, and to worihip him in the
beauties of hoiinefs. How eafy is it for him to work, with or
without means, as he pleafeth !— But O how great his kindnefs to
man! In him the animal and the angelical natures were united :
the beft of this world was allotted him for his refidence : and, while
its choiceft fruits were affigned him for his food, the multitudes of
its animal inhabitants were fubje&ed to his dominion and fervice.
A Woman, every way .perfect, was pEavided for his comfort, and
for the increafe of mankind. Nay, God himfelf entered into fa
miliar fHUowihip, and a gracious covenant, with him, . in which
everlafting happinefs was promifed to him and his pofterity upon
the eafieft terms.— But in this firft Adam, as in a figure, do I not
behold 'the fecond, the Lord from heaven, Jefus the Redeemer!

He is indeed the Son of God, the exprefs image of his Father's -
perfon ; the image of the invifible God ; the new thing created in
the earth, and the bleffed fruit of it, excellent and comely. He^.
as Mediator, is the great product of Jehovah's counfels, the
illuftriaus ornament, and glorious center, of all his works. He
is our Head and Reprefentative in the fecond and better covenant,
eftablifhed upon better promifes. He is our fpiritual Pare.nt, wha.
communicateth to us his indelible image, and entitles us to all the
fulnefs, of God. He is our great Prophet, Prieft, and Governor, .
to whom all things' in heaven and earth ajre fubjec~ted for our fake*.
Having by his blood purchafed, and by his Spirit planted^ a gofpel- -
church, he dwells there, and cultivates the fame ; and having .re
gained the celeftial paradife, there we fhall befor-evgr with the
Lord. In him are hid all the treafur-es of wifdom and knowledge 5
and, having all life and fruitfulnefs in his own perfon, hegivefh to
ils power to eat of himfelf, the Tree of life. — Being, by the de
terminate counfel of God, eaft into the deepfleep of debafement
and death in this world, his church was formed out of his broken .
body and pierced fide. She is divinely brought and efpoufed to ¦
him ; and to her he cleaves, at the expence of-once leaving his Father
in heaven, and of now leaving his, mother, the people of IfraeL.

eovenant form, to men, when they could not keep it as fuch, Lev. xviii. 5. Deut.
xxvii. 26, Mat. xix. 17. Gal. iii. 10, 12. Rom. x. 5. and iii. 27. but efpecially the
imputation of Adam's firft lin to his natural pofterity, Rom. v. 12 — 19.; plainly
eftabliih this point. Here we have the parties of a covenant; God, manifefting his
fupreme authority, his unbounded goodnefs, and infinite condefcenfion, on the one
hand; and Adam, as perfeftly holy and righteous, capable of performing whatever
God required, Gen. i. 26, 27. and v. i. Eccl. vii. 29. and as the common head and
reprefentative of all his-'pofterity, Rom. v. 12 — '19. 1 Cor. xv. 22. on the other 
Here we have a condition required; abftinence from the fruit of the tree of know
ledge of good and- evil, which fuppofed and implied perfecl obedience to the whole
law of God written on man's heart, or revealed to him. The end of this covenant'
being- to render mankind happier than the duties of the natural ftate neoeflarily enti-i
tied bbem to-be, it was proper that fome pofitive inftitution mould be added to the
natural laws inferihed on the heart of Adam at his creation, and which might pro
mote obedience to them. This inftitution, relative to the tree of knowledge, which,
being in the midft of the garden, was almoft continually in his view, was extremely,
proper; as it tended, (1) To manifeft the high fovereignty of God over men, as one
who could cnacl his mere will into an awful law: (-2) To render-Adam's obedience;
cr difcabedience, and confequently the juftice of God in rewarding or puniihing him,
more coiifpicuous, Rom. iii. 4. ; (3) To mark that, even in paraoife, he held all
which he enjoyed of God, as his, great- proprietor and landlord, and ought to do no
thing wit-hout his allowance : (4) To be a Handing monitor to Adam, that he was
fallible, -and. needed to take heed to his ways, and watch againft every fpiritual enemy;
that,, he was not, come Co his full happinefs and reft, fince, even' in paradife, he was

under remarkable reftraint; that his happinefs lay in God himfelf alone ; and that*
nothing was to be defired, but in fubmiflion to his will, and for -his fake: (5) To
be a fummary of the law of nature; by obedience to which he might honour God,
loving him with all his heart, foul, mind, and ftrength, and 'loving himfelf, and his
pofterity as himfelf. Here is a penalty threatened in cafe of difobedience; certain,
manifold, and dreadful death, vim. (1) Death legal, or a- fentence of condemnation,
fixing upon the covenant-breaker in the \»ery moment he begins to trar.fgrefs..
(2) The execution of this fentence in real death', which is either fpiritual, compre
hending every thing relative to the foul's lofs of God's favour and image-, and to its
defilement and mifery in this life, Rom. i. 28 — 31. iii. 10— -18. and viii. 7, 8.
Eph. ii. 1, 3, 12.; or natural; which comprehends every calamity on the body, ami
whatever its comfort depends upon, in this world, Gen. iii. 16, 19. Deut. xxviii.
Eccl. xii. 7. 2 Pet. iii- 12.; or eternal, comprehending all the mifery of lofs- or of
pain, to which the damned are for ever fubjefted in hell, Mat. xxv. 41. Rev. xiv.
10, 11,  In the exprefs annexing of fo great a death, efpecially to the breach of
the pofitive part of the law of the covenant, a promife of. a life direfljy oppofite, as
the reward of perfect, fulfilment of the condition, was implied ; comprehending the
continuance of the natural and fpiritual life, which he had, in all the vigour, comfort,
and .profperity. of it; and the enjoyment of a more glorious and eternal life in heaven y
in confequence of his finiihing his courfe of unfailing obedience. — Thus-the fum of
the covenant was, Mat. xix. 37. " If thou wilt enter into life eternal, keep the com-
" mandments." Gal. iii. 12, 10. " The man that doeth thefe things Ih all live in
" them. — Curfed is every one .that continueth not in all things written in the book of
« the law to do them." £zek. xviii. 4. " The foul.that frnneth, it ihaji die."—.

Man tempted by Satan.

GENESIS.

Man s fall by fin.

Before Chrift
4004.

CHAP. III.

unto the woman, * Yea, hath God faid

But man being in honour abode not. Here we have an
account of Adam's, nay, of mankind's fall; and of
God's demonflrations of his mercy andjuflice in con-
fequence thereof; particularly, (1) Of Satan's
crafty and fuccefsful temptation of the woman, and
by her of Adam, to eat the forbidden fruit ; and of
the fin and jhame which immediately followed; I — 8.
(2) The Lord's gracious arraignment of Adam and
his wife, notwithftanding their attempt to hide
themfelves from him ; arid his convincing them of
their guilt, notwithftanding the excufes which they
made; 9 — 13. (3) God's condemnation of the
ferpent, which had been inflrumental in the tempta
tion ; of Satan the tempter ; and of Adam and his
voife; to their refpeElive punifhments; 14 — 19.
(4) Having received a promife of the future' ' mani-
feftation of the Son of God in human nature, to de
ftroy the works and power of the devil ; and being
clothed withfkins of facrificed beafts, which prefigur
ed his future atonement; Adam and Eve are, in a
mixture of mercy and wrath, excluded from the gar
den of Eden; 15, 21 — 24.
NOW the ferpent was more fubtle
than any beaft of the field which
the Lord God had made : and he faid

Before Chrift
4004.
Ye fhall not eat of every tree of the gar- TmTrZJJcluJ,,
den? - *"
2 And the woman faid unto the fer
pent, We may eat of the fruit of the
trees of the garden :
3 But of the fruit of the tree which'
is in the midft of the garden, God hath.
faid, Ye fhall not eat of it, neither fhall
ye touch it, left ye die.
4 And the a ferpent faid unto the wO- aiIc^.'^-,
man, Ye fhall not furely die.
5 For God doth know that in . the
day ye eat thereof then your eyes fhall
be opened : and ye fhall be as gods, know
ing good and evil.
6 % And when the woman b faw that *> ^sfj^ 7#
the tree was good for food, and that it Vj&li1'1'
was^ pleafant to the eyes, and a tree to tHcY »<&>,..
' be defired to make one wife ; fhe took of
the fruit thereof, and did eat, and. gave
alfo unto her hufband with her ; and he
did eat.

The fruit of the tree of life, as a feal of the covenant, confirmed the promife of life
upon condition of perfect obedience : and the fruit of the tree of knowledge confirmed
the threatening of death annexed to difobedience. — The reprefentation of all Adam's
Batumi pofterity in him was moft reafonable and kind ; as it was the fhorteft, and,
humanly fpeaking, the fafeft meads of fecuring their eternal happinefs — The whole
tenor of this covenant was fo highly equitable and gracious, that man's uncorrupted
confeience could not but approve of it; his love to himfelf and his pofterity could not
but incline him to it: his perfect conformity to the divine image could not but make
him confent to whatever terms God propofed, and to receive his favours in a method
fo anfwerable to the divine perfections.
Ver. 21 — 24. God formed the woman of a rib, with the fleih thereon, out of
Adam's fide, to note the wife's equality with her hulband, and that fhe is his com
panion, and to be treated with the utmoft kindnefs and affection. He brought her
to Adam, to honour the inftitution of marriage, and to teach us that children ought
to marry by the difpofal or confent of their parents, and all, only in the Lord,
Ch. xx''. 21. xxiv. 4. and xxviii. 2. Judg. xiv. 2. 1 Cor. vii. 38. 39.  Adam
accepted her as an help meet for him, fuitable to his nature, acceptable to his perfon,
and ufeful on all occafions for their mutual comfort, and the propagation of their
fpecies. And God, by Adam, declared the general law of marriage, requiring the
moft affectionate cohabitation, infeparable union, and intimate communion, during
life; as if the parties were but one perfon. I Pet. iii. 1, 7. " Wives, be in fubjeetion
*< to your hulbands. Hufbands, dwell with them according to knowledge, giving
" honour unto the wife as to theweaker veffel, and as being , heirs together of the
" grace of life." Eph. v. 22 — 28. " Wives, fubmit yourfelves unto your own
" hufbands as unto the Lord; for the hufband is the head of the wife.— Let the
" wives be fubject to their ownhulbands in every thing. — Hufbands,- love your wives'.
" as Chrift loved the church, and gave himfelf for it, fo ought men to love their
" wives as their own bodies.- He thatloveth his wife loveth himfelf." — Gen. iii. 16.
T Cor. xiv. 34. and vii. 16. Tit. ii. 5. Col. iii. 18, 19. I Tim. v. 8. and ii. n, 12.
1 Mal. ii. 14—16. Mat. xix. 3 — 9. I Cor. vii. 14, 15.
Ver. 25. They had no caufe of fhame ; as there was neither deformity in their
bodies, nor guilt on their conlciences, nor any finful inclination in their .hearts.
Chap. III. Ver. I — -6. Serpents in general have a natural fuhtlety beyond other
creatures. Mat. x. 16. " Be wife as ferpents." Rut this one had an extraordinary mea
sure of it, being actuated by a fallen angel, who had juft apoftatized from his holy and
happy ftate. Rev. xx. 2, 3, 8. "The dragon, that old ferpent — the devil and Satan
a  goeth out to deceive the nations." 2 Cor. xi. 3. " The ferpent beguiled Eve
" through his fubtlcty." John viii. 44. " The devil was a murderer from the be-
" ginning — a liar, and the father of it." 2 Cor. ii. 11. " We are rot ignorant of
¦«< his devices."' And xi. 14. " Satan — is transformed into an angel of light." In the
temptation of our firft parents Satan acted with the utmoft fubtlety. (1) He chofe
a ferpent, which was feemingly fimple, but really fubtle, and perhaps beautiful, which
might make Eve take it for an angel, to be hi-, inftrument. (2) He accofted the
jwoman, who perhaps had only heard the tjrms of the covenant from Adam, in the

abfence of her hufband. (3) According to fome, he improved their being more
naked than the wild beafts of the earth, to render them difcontented with their condi
tion. But it is more certain that he moved the doubt relative to God's prohibitory
charge in fuch ambiguous, terms, that it was hard to difcern whether he intended
merely to alk if God had really forbidden the ufe of that fruit — or to infinuate
that the forbidder could not be the true God who had kindly created them but juft
before— or to fuggeft that God was an hard mafter, who had forbidden them to
eat of the fruit of the trees of the garden in which he had placed them. (4) Find
ing that the woman adhered to the command,- he endeavoured to make her believe
that the threatening was dark in its meaning, and uncertain or falfe with refpect to
its execution. (5) He pretended a great regard for her and her hufband'swelfare,
as if he had been extremely defirous of promoting their knowledge and happinefs.
(6) Perhaps he pretended that himfelf had acquired what knowledge he had above
other brutes by eating of that prohibited fruit. It is certain he attempted to confirm
his contradiction of the threatening by a folemn appeal to God. (7) Having prevailed
with the woman, he by her means tempted her hufband, who complied, not from any
fuch fondnefs.forher as rendered him willing'to be damned with her, but as deceived j
and the rather, as he faw fhe did not immediately die upon her eating of the fruit.
This fin of our firft parents in eating this forbidden fruit was exceeding great. It
contained, ( 1) Horrid unbelief to fuch a degree, that the devil, in the form of a beaft,
was believed in oppofition to the folemn declaration of God. (2) The moft pre-
fumptuous pride, ambition, and bold curiofity; they were in paradife, and lords of the
lower world; they knew and enjoyed very much ; but nothing would content them,.
but to be as God in knowledge and happinefs. (3) The moft fhocking ingratitude
and difcontenf. GoJ had given them every thing proper for conveniency and delight.
He had made them the lords of animals and earth, the companions of angels; andyet
they revolted at the inconfiderable referve of a tree. (4) The moft contemptuous
apofl.ify from and rebellion againft God. They renounced his covenant of friendfhip,
and threw off all fubjeetion to and profeffed dependance on him. (5) In this one
act the whole law of God was tranfgrefTed. — The authority of God, which is the
foundation of it," was trampled under foot; the love, which is the complete fulfilment
of it, was neglected, and hatred eftablifhed. Jam. ii. 10. The.fymbolical law, which
was a fummary of and a fence to the moral, was exprefsly contemned and violated.
Nay, each of the moral precepts was plainly broken. — The aggravations of this fin
were no lefs remarkable. (1) It was committed by perfons newly made after the
image of God ; perfectly holy and righteous, and capable of continuing fo. (2) It
was committed by them juft after he had gracioufly received them into the moft
honourable covenant of friendfhip with himfelf. (3) It was very early committed ;
perhaps on the fame day they were created. Pfal. xlix. 12. Heb. (4) It was com
mitted againft God's moft exprefs command, and when they had the fulleft warning of
the danger thereby incurred to them and their feed. (5) It was committed in para
dife, where God dwelt as in his temple; and where every thing concurred to proclaim
his infinite kindnefs to mankind, and invite to obedience. (6) It was committed
upon a very flight, and but one finglc, temptation. (7) It was occafioncd by an object
of very fmall importance, which man had no need of in paradife. (8) If refpecStei

God's call lo Adam.

CHAP. III.

Sin punifhed.

Before Chrift
4004.

% faflened on.

rj Or, things to gird
about.

\ Heb, wind.

eCh. 4.9.&11
& 18. 20, zi,
16.8.

k

7 And the eyes of them both were
opened, and they knew that they were
naked ; and they + fewed fig-leaves to
gether, and made themfelves H aprons.
8 And they heard the voice of the
Lord God walking in the garden in
the § cool of the day : and Adam and his
wife hid themfelves from the prefence
of the Lord God, amongft the trees of
the garden.
9 And the c Lord God called unto
Adam, and faid unto him, Where art
thou ?
10 And he faid, I heard thy voice in
the garden, and I was afraid, becaufe
I was naked ; and I hid myfelf.
1 1 And he faid, Who told thee that
thou waft naked ? Haft thou eaten of the
tree whereof I commanded thee that
thou fhouldeft not eat ?
12 And the man faid, The woman d,
whom thou gaveft to be with me, fhe
gave me of the tree, and I did eat.
13 And the Lord God faid unto the
Sri&MifA!" woman, e What is this that" thou haft
done ? And the woman faid, The fer
pent beguiled me, and I did eat.
1 4 ^[ And the Lord God faid unto the

Before Chrift
4004.

t Ch. 2. 22,

2 Sara. 3. 24.
John 18. 35.

ferpent, Becaufe thou haft done this,
thou art curled above all cattle, and above
every beaft of the field ; upon thy belly
fhalt thou go, and duft fhalt thou eat, all
the days of thy life :
1 5 And I will put enmity between thee
and the woman, and between thy feed
and her feed ; it fhall bruife thy head, and
thou fhalt bruife his fheel. foen. 49. w
16 5[ Unto the woman he faid, I will
greatly multiply thy forrow and thy con
ception : in forrow thou fhalt bring forth
children : and thy defire fhall be * to thy *illbSf * iif
hufband, and he fhall g rule over thee. gicor. 14. 34. .
17 And unto Adam he faid, Becaufe
thou haft hearkened unto the voice of
thy wife, and haft eaten of the tree, of
which I commanded thee, faying, Thou
fhalt not eat of it : curfed is the ground
for thy fake ; in forrow fhalt thou eat of
it all the days of thy life ;
18 Thorns alfo and thiftles fhall it
bring + forth to thee ; and thou fhalt eat f H* "** " luii
the herb of the field.
1 9 In the fweat of thy face fhalt thou
eat bread till thou return unto the ground ;
for out of it waft thou taken : for h duft h g^S.*'?;? '
thou art, and unto duft fhalt thou return.

17. ij— 16. Pfal.
22. 15, 29.

-.what, had been folemnly feparated to the fervice of God, and fo amounted to a facri-
legious robbing of him. — In this manner, i Tim. ii. 14. " The woman being
" deceived, was firjl in the tranfgrefiion." Rom. v. 12 — 19. " By one man lin
" entered into the world, and death by fin ; and fo death paffed upon all men, for, or
" in whom, all have finned. — Death reigned— over them which had not finned
" actually after the fimilitude of Adam's tranfgrefiion  Through the offence of one
" many be dead. — The judgment was by one to condemnation. — By one man's
*' offence death reigned by one. — By the offence of one judgment came upon all men
." to condemnation.— By one man's difobedience many were made finners." 1 Cor.
xv. 22. " In Adam, by his firft fin, all die."
Ver. 7 — 13. Here we. have their wretched evafions after their fall. (1) When
their eyes were opened— their confciences being touched with a fenfe of the heinouf-
Jiefs of their fin whereby they had defiled their fouls, and of the greatnefs of that
•mifery which they had brought upon themfelves and their pofterity, they began to be
afhamcd of their nakednefs, which they now found to be an occafion of finful motions
and affections; and covered with fig-leaves thofe parts by which the corruption of
nature is propagated, upon which for that reafon God hath -put the deepeft im-
.prelEon of, ihame, that fruit of fin; — and to .which he appointed circsmcifion, the
facra'ment of remiflion, regeneration, and mortification, to be applied, ch. xvii. 11.
(2) When the Son of God, probably in human lhape, as a prefage of his future incar
nation, came to feek and fave them, they, fenfible of guilt and dreading punifhment,
.ibolimly fought to hide themfelves from him. — But 6t there is no darknefs nor fhadow
" of death where the 'workers of iniquity may hide themfelves," Job xxxiv. 22.
,Amos ix. 3. Pfal. cxxxix. 7 — 9. Prov. xv. 3.^ Jer. xxiii. 24. (3) When, to con
vince them further, he queftioned them concerning their conduct, they attempted to
excufe themfelves and fhift the blame upon their tempters ; and Adam appears inclined
to lay the blame of his fault upon God himfelf, as if he had given him a tempter under
.the character of an help meet for him. Job xxxi. 33. Prov. xix. 3.
Ver. 14. — 19. In this condemnation of the criminals, the ferpent, which had
, been only an irrational inftrument, is curfed, as a mark of God's high detefta-
tion of the crime; as Exod. xxi. 28, 29. Lev. xx. 15. Perhaps he had for-
„ merly moved upon the hinder part of his body, and fo was numbered among the
wild beafts which eat herbs, and are diftinguifhed from creeping things, ch. i. -25, 30.
But now he, and all his kind, muft henceforth be reckoned moft defpicable and de-
teftable. They muft creep along the earth, take down part of its. duft with their
food, .If. lxv. 25. Mic. vii. 17. And muft be the ftated objects.of the hatred of man
kind.— But this fentence, directed againft the ferpent, chiefly refueQed Satan and his

angels. He is curfed above all the irrational animals ; is left under the power of in
vincible folly and malice ; and is in difgrace deprefl'ed below the vileft of beafts, and
appointed to mifery, when they have perifhed in death. He goes on his belly, and eats
duft. His actions are bafe and troublefcme to himfelf: he ean never afcend higher
than this world. He is trampled under the feet of Chrift and his people. His
power is reftricted to earthly men, or to killing of the bodies of believers : for their
foul he cannot kill ; nay, their temporal death promotes the deftruction of fin in
them. He takes fuch pleafure as he is capable of, infeducing reprobates to the bafeft
wickednefs, and in vexing the godly with his abominable temptations. God further
threatens, that the very woman whom he had feduced, and many of her pofterity,
fhould, by their free j unification, and their reconcilement and converfion to God,
be made ftated enemies to him and his friends, and enabled, through Jefus Chrift
to tread on his policy, power, and his life of permitted authority on earth, to his
great grief and agony of mind, notwithftanding all he fhould be able to do to
oppofe them by temptation or perfecution. But the principal part of Satan's curfe lay-
in the ruin brought on him by Jefus Chrift, fhe eminent feed of the tuoman, in his
redemption of mankind. Jefus Chrift is called the feed of the -woman; not only to
import the reality of his manhood, and his clofe connection with believers, who are
alfo called her feed, as followers of her in faith and hoiinefs ; but chiefly to fignify that
he was none of Adam's natural pofterity reprefented in the covenant of works, and
that he would be born of a virgin. He, by. fulfilling the broken law, which is the
ftrength of fin, in our .ftead, by making atonement for fin, and by removing the
curfe, has undermined the whole power and authority which Satan had over an elect
world, as the executioner of God's juftice. And as, by the word of his power, he
diflodged him from the bodies of multitudes ; and by the word of his grace, in the
miniftration of the gofpel, did and will expel the worfhip of him from multitudes
of nations ; fo, by the powerful application of his word, Spirit, and blood, to mens
confciences and hearts, he cafts him and his works down from their throne in them ;
and, by the influences of his grace, enables his people to refift the devil, and make
him liee from them ; and to mortify the deeds of the body, that they may live. Thus,
1 Pet.v. 8. " Our adverfary the devil goeth about — feeking whom he may de-
" vour." Job i. 7. " Going to and fro in the earth, and walking up and down in
" it." John viii. 41, 44. " Wicked men are of their father the devil, and the lufts of
their father they will do." Ac-ts xiii. 10. 1 John iii. 8, 10. Mat. xiii. 38. Rom.
ix. 8. *( Only the children of the promife arc counted for Eve's feed." Gal. iv. 29.
-—Prov. xxix. 27. " An unjuft man is an abomination to the juft ; and he that is
" upright in the way is an abomination to the wicked." John xv. 18. Mark xiii.

Man clothed.

GENESIS.

Man haniflhed.

Before Chrift
4004.

t He.>. Lhavab, i.e.
livctfror quicktixr.

20 And Adam called his wife's name*
Eve ; becaufe fhe was the mother of all
living. 2 1 ^f Unto Adam alfo and to his wife
did the Lord God make coats of fkins,
and clothed them.
22 % And the Lord God' faid, Be-
n »«.»«« w of hold, the man " is become as one of us,
us* * 'm
to know good and evil. And now left
he put forth his hand, and take alio
of the tree of life, and eat, and live for
ever :
23 Therefore the Lord God fent him

Before Chrift
4004.

. fh. 5- '5- -
Onset, ja. 16, q.

forth from the garden of Eden, to till the
ground from whence he was taken.
24 i>o he drove out the man; and he
placed at the eaft of the garden of Eden
§ Cherubims, and a flaming ' fword, *"**"
<-> . 1 Num. 22. 1J.
which turned every way, to keep the £f
way of the tree of life.
CHAP. IV.
Already the world is deep marked with 'the enmity
put between the feed of the ferpent and the believing
progeny of Eve. Here is an account, (1) Of the
birth and employ of Cain and Abel, Adam' s two eldeft
fons; 1,2. (2) Of their religious oblations to God,
perhaps on the Sabbath, and of God's acceptance of

Reflections upon Chap. III. — Be fober, be yigilant, my foul,
left thine adverfary the devil get an advantage of thee, and beguile thee
through his fubtlety. Never encounter him, feparated from Jefus, or
in thy own ftrength. Never dally with, but beldly and immediately
refift him, and he will flee from thee. Ne v er indulge the fmalleft doubt
of the veracity or importance of what the Lord hath fpoken. Let me
be always content with fuch things as I have. It is not in becoming
a God, but in enjoying God, as my all and in all, that my hap
pinefs confrfts. In what fhame, what mifery, fin always iffueth ! —
Behold ! how the offended Majefty of heaven flies on the wings of
infinite love and mercy for the immediate relief of felf-ruined men !
and to proclaim, offer, and beftow upon them, redemption through
the blood of his Son! But. alas! how they flee from him ! and, by
covering their tranfgfefiion, endeavour even to evade his favours !
—Bleffed Jefu?, if thou arraigneft me, let me always fly into thy
foofom of mercy and kindnefs ; let me gladly entertain thy con
victions, and acknowledge my offence, that I may not fall into the
condemnation of the devil. Let all the troubles which affecl: this

world call my lin to my remembrance, and deeply affecl: me with
it.— Bleffed be Jehovah, that his only-begotten Son b(ecame the
feed of the woman, Immanuel, God with us — that he had his heel
bruifed; travelled in pangs of woe, at Love's delivery of an elect
world; — was made fin, — made a curfe, — a man of forrows, and ac
quainted with grief; — was crowned. with thorns; and being in an
agony did fweat great drops of blood, — that duft he was, and to duft
he returned ; — and all for men^ — all for me ! Let my naked foul
put on, not the fig-leaves of my felf-righteoufhefs, but his law-
magnifying atonement. — Bewailing the tremendous fall of my
race, and turning my back on the law as the miniftration of death,
and on this blafted world, as emptied of all enjoyments, let me em
brace the better covenant, founded on better promifes, and feek a
better paradife, here not merely angelical cherubims, but divine
arms of infinite and everlafting love, fhall for ever fhut me up te»
the moft immediate fellowfhip With Jefus the Tree of Life, which
beareth twelve manner of fruits every month, and whofe leaves arc
for the healing of the nations.

13 — But, 1 J,*Hn iii. 5", 8. " The Son' of God was manifeft -d to take away fin —
" to deftroy the works of the devil." If. vii.- 14. " A virgin did conce've, and
*• bring forth a Son — Immanuel." Dan. ix. 24, 26. " The Meffiah fhall he cut
*< off, not for himfelf — but t finifh tranfg;effion, and make an e d of fins, and to
" make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in an evrlafting righto< uinefs "
Pfal. xci. 13. " The lion— adder*— and dragon,, fhall be tramp, ed under fec-t. Col.
11. 15. <t Having fpoiled principalities and p ,w rs, he made a fhew of them openly,
*' triumphing over them in his crofs." Heb. ii- 14, " Thac through death he
''' might deftroy him th.it hath the p wer of death, that is,' the devil." — John ,xii.
31. " Now fhall the devil, prince of this wo Id, be call out," of his kingdont and
authority in and overmen. John. xvi. 11. If. xlix. 24-^-26. Luke x. i8,; 1$.—
Bom. xvi. 20. "God — fhall bruife Satan under your Let fhojt y." ijohnii, 13.
" Ye have overcome the, wicked one." 1 Pet. v., 9, Jam. iv. 7. Pfal. xii. \;. —
While Satan receiveth the ruinous bruife in.bis head, he bru.feth the heel of the feed
«f the woman ; that is, he aflaults by temptations, ftirs up pe'-fecution and trouble
againft the human nature of Chrift, and againft his people, while thry continue on the
earth, or their bodies, crufhed to the duft of death by his influence, lie in the grave.
But at the laft day he, and his agent death, fhall be quite overthrown, and fwal-
lowed up in eternal victory. Heb. iv. it;. 2 Cor. xiii. 4. If. liii. 4, 5. John xvi.
33. Acts xiv. 22. If. xxv. 8. 1 C"r. xv. 25 — 57.
The woman was condemned to a multitude of furrows- and pains, particularly in
the conception, bciring, and bringing up, of her children, and to a further degree of
fubjeetion to her hufband, whom fhe had overlooked, in parleying with the ferpent
as her inftructor. 1 Tim. ii. 12, 15 1 Cor. vii. 28. and xiv. 34. Tit. ii. 5. 1 Pet.
iii. 6. Eph. ii. and iv. Matt. xix. 8, &c. To punifh Adam, the propretor, the whole
ground was curfed with refpect to its foil and product. The whale lower world, being
defiled under its inhabitants, was devoured by the curfe, and fubjected t-> the bondage
of corruption. If. xxiv. 5,6. Rom. viii. 20 — 22. Gen. v. 29. Job xxxi. 40. Heb.
vi. 8. Jer. xii. 13. Himfelf was condemned to much grief and forrow. Pfal. exxvii.
z. To eat the herbs of the field ihftead of the delicicus fruits of paradife, and to be
occupied in hard labour in the cultivation of them till he died. 1 Theff. iii. to.
Eph. iv. 28. Eccl. i. 2, 13, 14. andii. 11, r7, 21, 26.
Thus, in thefe few verfes, we have a predictory defcription of the agency and fuc-
¦tefs of Satan the deftroyer ; and of the incarnation, office, ftate, and work, of. Jefus
cur Redeemer ; and, in fine, of the whole fate of this lower world, particularly of
mankind, from the fall of Adam till the end of time. Nor can any one ferioufly
reyiew the ilate of the world— of fields, of pcrfons, of families, of churches,

or nations, for almoft fix thoufand years paft, but he muft perceive a conftant
and exact accomplifhment thereof^ Nor are the fubfequent predictions, whether
of mercies or jndgmnts, any thing elfe- but a gradual opening and explication
of this, the latter always pointing out moie clearly and circumflantially what had
been contained in the former : nor are the hiftories a-ught elfe but an 'account of -the
fulfilment. — But rne thing is remarkable, that, in this declaration of Jehovah now
before us, the firft intimation of a Saviour, and falvation through him for mankind,
is not directed t> Adam or Eve, but is included in a threatening directed to Satan ;
plainly intimating that the work of our redemption remarkably aggravates the
mifery of our original deftroyer, and that we are not immediate parties in the cove
nant of our recovery : nor doth it, either in point of purchafe or application, depend
on our free will, but on the blood of Jefus Chrift, and the free grace of God mani
fefted in him. Rom. v. 20, 21. Eph. ii. 1—8.
Ver. 20. Having heard, and perhaps believed, the promife relative to the feed of the
woman, Adam gives his wife a new name, importing her being the mother of Jefus,
the quickening fpirit, and author of eternal life, and of his living members. Johnx.
10. and xi. 25.
Ver. 21. The Lord, who had taught them to offer animals in facrifice, as a figure
of Jefus's oblation of himfelf for the falvation of men, taught them to make coats of
the fkins, as a memorial, that, by finfully hearkening to the ferpent, they had made
themfelves as the beafts which perifh ; and that there could be no falvation from
.fhame and danger but by the garment of Jefus's imputed. atonement. If. lxi. 10.
Rom. xiii., 14. .
Ver. 22. Perhaps we .have here nolronicat derifion of, man's folly, in attempting U
become wife as God ; bu,t .GodVarrVcVioriate lame,nLitidn over his ruined condition,
and gracious refalution to turn, him, out of. paridife, left his vain hopes to fortify
himfelf againft death, by eating of tfo. tree, of life; fhiuld tempt him to neglect the
great falvation which was offered to him nt-jtlie covenant of grace. Rcta. ix Jo—
32. & *. 2, 3.
, Ver. 23, 24. The words ufed for the turning of man out of paradife import, that
he was turned out as a divofeeii woman "from the houfe of her hufband, never to be
admitted back to a ftate of happinefs under the broken covenant of works. — Perhaps,
while the flaming fword turned every way to keep men from the tree of lile, the
Divine Majefty, as reconciled in Chrift, manifefted himfelf between the cherubim?
as on his throne of grace, to encourage them ts humble and familiar feUowihip wrj»
himfelf. Heb. iv. 16.

AbeVs and CairCs offerings.

CHAP. IV-

Abel's murder and Cains punifhment.

Before Chrift
4003.

* 3. e. getting.

T Heb. Sebel, i. e.
vanity.
% Heb. a. feeder.
ch. 46/32, 34. &
37- >3-
J Heb. uttheendof
dayi, perhaps on
the fabbath.

f Prov. 3. 9. Ex. 13,
12. Num. 18. iz.
g Heb. Jbeef, or
goats.

believing Abel and his offering, and his rejection of
Cain and his offering on account of his unbelief and
wickednefs; 3 — 5. (3) Enraged at t£e preference
given to his brother, and notwithftanding God's
remonftrance of the equity thereof, Cain hates and
murders Abel, and infolently denies the fail to God
himfelf; but upon conviclion is condemned to banifhment
from the church, and to be a reftlefs and lafting
monument of God's deteftation of murderers ; 6 — 15.
(4) Banifhed from the prefence and the church of
God, Cain in vain attempts to quiet his mind and
defeat his curfe by building a city, and rearing up a
numerous family, in which Lamech was noted for
introducing a plurality ef wives, and his fons Jabal,
Jubal, and Tubal- cain, for tent-making and manage
ment of cattle, and for mufic and fmith-work ; 16—
24. (5) The lofs of Abel, a child of promife, is
made up to his mother by the birth of Seth ; and the
public worfhip of God is more folemnly eftablifhed, for
diftinguifhing the children of God from thofe of the
ferpent; 25, 26.
ND Adam knew Eve his wife : and
fhe conceived, and bare ;: Cain,
and faid, I have
Lord. 2 And fhe again bare his brother + Abel.
And Abel was + a keeper of fheep, but
Cain was a tiller of the ground.
3 And § in procefs of time it came to
pafs, that 'Cain brought of the fruit
of the ground an offering unto the
Lord. 4 And Abel,
nrfllings of his

A1

gotten a man from the

But unto Cain and to his offering he

a Mat. 10. 15. Job
5.2.

t Or, have the ex
cellency .
X punifhment.

he alfo brought of + the
II flock, and of the fat
thereof. And the Lord had refpedt un
to Abel, and to his offering
5 "
had not refpecT:. And Cain was very
wroth, and his countenance fell.
6 And the Lord faid unto Cain, a Why
art thou wroth ? and why is thy counte
nance fallen ?
7 If thou doeft well, fhalt thou not + be
accepted ? and if thou doeft not well, + fin

And § unto thee
and thou fhalt rule

lieth at the door.
fhall be his defire,
over him.
8 And Cain b talked with Abel his bro
ther : and it came to pafs, when they
were in the field, that Cain rofe up againft
Abel his brother, and c flew him.
9 % And the Lord faid unto Cain,
d Where is Abel thy brother ? And he
faid, I e know not : Am I my brother's
keeper ?
1 o And he faid, f What haft thou done ?
the voice of thy brother's " blood crieth
unto me from the ground.
1 1 And now art thou s curfed from the
earth, which hath opened her h mouth to
receive thy brother's blood from thy hand.
1 2 When thou tilleft the ground, ' it
fhall not henceforth yield unto thee her

Before Chrift
$ Or, fubjeft unt*
tkts. ch. 3. 16.

b Pf. 55. II. & 36.
3. a Sam. 3. 2.7.
& 20
7.6.

1. 9. 10. Mic.,

k a fugitive and a

vagabond

ftrength ,
fhalt thou be in the earth.
13 And Cain faid unto the Lord, * My
punifhment is greater than I can bear.
1 4 Behold, thou haft driven me out this
day from the face of the earth ; and from
thy face fhall I be hid ; and I fhall be a
1 fugitive and a vagabond in the earth ;
and it fhall come to pafs, that every one
that findeth me fhall flay me.
15 And the Lord faid unto him,
m Therefore whofoever flayeth Cain,
vengeance fhall be taken, on him § feven-
fold. And the Lord fet *'a mark upon
Cain, left any finding him fhould kill
him. 1 6 5T And Cain, went out " from the
prefence of the Lord, and dwelt in the
land of + Nod, on the eaft of Eden.
1 7 And Cain knew his wife, and fhe
conceived, and bare + Enoch : and he

c Mat. 13. 35. Jili*
11 Job 3. 11.

dch. 3. 9.
e John 8. 44. Prov.
28. 13.

fCh. 3. 13. Jofi.7.
19.
K Heb. blood,, ch.
j8. 20. Rev. 6. 10.
2 Kin. 9. 26. JoU
16. 18. Heb. 12.
14.
g Gal. 3. 10. Deut.
2a. 16. 10 20. t)C
27. 16 ro 26.
hRcv. 12. 16. Job
16. 18.
i Ch. 3. 17. Deut.
28. 23. 24. Rom.
8. 2D.
fc Pf. 1C9. 10. Mat.
8, 20. Ifa. 57. 20.
21. Pf. 107. 4. 2c
109, 23. Deut. 28.
65.
* Or, Mine iniquity
is t> rtat*r than that
it may le Jorgsven,
Rev. 16.9. 11.21

I Pf. 109. 10. Deut.
aS. 65. fee ver

m Hof. r. 4. 1 Kin .
16. 7. Mat. 26.
52-
J with great fe ve
rity; ver. 14. Pf.
79. 12. Prov. 6.
31. Lev. 26. 16.
n. 24. 28.
* gave a figr. to,
n 1 John t, 3. with
Pfal. 96. 6. ,8. I
Ohr. 16. 29. lioin
God'g ordinances
and church.
¦f ;. *. wandering.

J titb. Chanoch. i.e.
dedUcited.

Chap. IV. Ver. 1. If Eve thought that in Cain fhe had gotten the man — Jehovak,
the Mefliah, as the words in the Hebrew may bear, fhe found herfelf fadly miitaken.
Ver. 3. By inftruction from God, more or lefs exprefs, feveral of the Mofaic rites
were practifed long before the giving of the law at Sinai ; as the diftinction between
clean and unclean beafts, ch. vii. 2 ; priefts, altars, burnt-offerings, and drink-of
ferings j viii. 20. xiv. 18. xxii 13. and xxxv. 14; abflinence from bluod, ix. 4;
oil for confecration, xxviii. 18. & xxxv. 14; marriage of brothers' widows, xxxviii.
8, 9, 20.
Ver. 4. Heh. xi. 4. <l By faith — as to the divine appointment, of which their
" father had informed them, and by faith in the promifed Meffiah, fignified thereby,
" Abel offered unto God a more excellent facrifice than Cain; perhups more prefer in
" its matter, and certainly fo in its incomer, by which he obtained witnefs that he was
" righteous, Cod testifying of his gifts." Perhaps the Lord certified his refpect by
ccrfuniing his facrifice vich five from heaven ; as in the cafe of Aai on, Lev. ix. 245
Gideon, Judg. vi. 21; David, 1 Chron. xxi. »6; Solomon, 2 Chron. vii. 1; and
Elijah, 1 Kings xviii. 38.
Ver. ; — 15. Full of rage againft God and his brother, Cain's looks became four,
Vol. I.

dejected, envious, and angry. — To convince him of his fault, God fhewed'him rh.it
it was his own wvnt of faith and fnccrity which hindered his acceptance; and chat,
if he did not repent, his fin would quickly fubjjcl him to ptinifhmentj-and that in .
temporals Abel continued as fubject to him, and was as affectknate as ever. While
they talked in the field Cain, ftill enraged in his heart, murdered his righteous bro
ther on account of his piety, Pfal.lv. 2:1. ijohniii. 12. — Abel's blood cried to God
for juft vengeance upon Cain, Heb. xii. 24. God, notwithftanding Cain's denial
and infulring pretence that he had given him no charge of his brother, condemned
him to punifhment, and curfed the fielus which he ihould cultivate into a farther
degree of. barrennefs, Pfal. ix. 12. Cain never lamented the ireinoiifnefs of his fin,
but complained that it co-aid not be pardoned, and that hiS punifhment was too pr, at;
.and that now every body would be ready to kill him as the public enemy of mankind,
and devoted of God to deftruction. But God mark- J him with fome vifible tok:n,
and denounced a ftill heavier vengeance againft the perfon who fhould kill him. Ti'us,
Job xviii. 11. & xv. 20 — 14. " Terrors made him afraid on etery fide, and drove
" him to his feet. He travelled in pain all his days," Wc. — Lev. xxvi. 17. 36.
« But (SWflew him not, left his people ihouid forget ; ' Plal. lix. 11.

GENESIS.

¦Before Chrift
3«75-
e Pf. t'9. ii. aSar
18. IS.

li'Heb. trmsrh, not -1
the fame a5 ch. 5. 1
2.5. i. e. depreffed
-and itricken.

l$ i. e. Tirft hrot-Ater §
and f^ftfrof ma
king tents and or
dering cattle.

begat

^Gain's progeny. builded a city, and * called the name of
the city, after the name of his fon,
Enoch. 18 And unto Enoch was born Irad :'
and Irad begat Mehujael : and Mehujael
begat Methufael : and Methufael
Lantech. 1 9 % And Lamech took unto him two
wives : the name of the one was Adah,
and the name of the other Zillah.
20 And Adah bare Jabal : he was the
father of fuch as dwell in tents, and of
fuch as. have cattle. 4,
21 And his brother's name was Jubal :
11 Scteof mu"ul he was the H father of all fuch as handle
the harp and organ.
22 And Zillah, fhe alfo bare Tubal -
cain, an * inftructor of every artificer in
brafs and iron : and the lifter of Tubal-
cain was Naamah.
23 And Lamech faid unto his wives,
Adah and Zillah, Hear my voice ; ye wives
•of Lamech, hearken unto my fpeech : for
I have flain a man to my wounding, and
a young man to my hurt :
24 If Cain fhall be avenged feven-fold,
truly Lamech + feventy and feven fold.
25 % And Adam knew his wife again ;
and fhe bare a fon, and. called his name
+ Seth : For God, faid fhe, hath appointed

*' Heb. vjbetter.

* Or, T vjould flay a
-man in my wound,
and*a young man
^n my 'hurt.

% with far greater
leverity-jvlat. 18.
22.

t Heb. Shcth, 1 e.
appointed.

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — Let me believe the promife of
God ; but never' finfully haflen to obtain the promifed blefling, left I
grafp a devil, a murderer, inftead of the great God my Saviour! Never
let me partially efteem children, or any thing elfe, left what I regard
become the plague of my foul, or my houfe ; while what I contemn as
vanity be highly favoured of the Lord ! Let me train up my children
ibetirnes in proper callings, and efpecially in the fear and fervice of
God! Let me always honour the Lord with the beft I poffefs, ever
remembering that " without faith it is impoffible to pleafe him !"
If he fhew a fuperior regard to others, never let my eye be evil
becaufe his is good, but let me afcribe righteoufnefs to him, and
take to myfelf fname and confufion of face ! — But how great is the
Hrength of enraged natural corruption ! Nothing is fo bafe, fo
impious, fo unnatural, but it will attempt it. How fearful for
guilty tranfgreflbrs to fall into the hands of an angry God ! No

Seth bflrn, and reformation made.
feed inftead of Abel, whom

Before Chrift
3814.
.,. . . .
II Father of faints.
3769.
n a m (* $ Heb. E™fc '• 1.
Ild24.lt wretchednefs.
* Or, to call them-
felves lu the name
,f the i.OkD,

me another
Cain flew.
26 And to Seth, to him. alfo there was
born a fon ; and he called his
§ Enos : then began men to '* call upon
the name of the Lord.
C H A P. V.
Contains a brief account of the woman's feed, the patri
archal progenitors of Chrif, in the line of Seth, from
Adam to Noah, and his fons. The chief things remark
able are, ( ! ) The fad change of the human nature,
through the lofs of the divine image, in Adam's fall,
1 — 3. (2) The pious converfation of Enoch, and
God's tranjlation of him to heaven without tafting of
death; 21 — 24. ( 3 ) The prediction of Lamech, the
.defendant of Seth, concerning Noah's becoming a
diftinguifhed comfort and bleffing to the world; 28, 29.
The reft merely remarks the time of the birth, life,
and death, of the patriarchs. 4004.
THIS is the a book of the generations of '^J^V.
Adam. In the day that God created
man, in the b likenefs of God made he b%?s:U.tll
hi. Eccl. 7. 29.
im :
2 Male and female created he them ;
and blefled them, and c called their name cch.i.iJ.Aasi7.
7 20.
•+ Adam, in the day when they were tRed,earthy,beau.
, tiful, joined in
created. i<™*
3 % And Adam lived an hundred and
thirty years, and begat a fon in his d
likenefs, after his image ; and called his
name e Seth.

own dJ°b,viy4,
2. 3. & 57.5.
Rom. 5. 12.

3874.

4 And the days of Adam, after he had Ll*e J- &-*•

Ver. 19. Contrary to God's -original inftitution of marriage, and the ftated equality
prcferved by his providence among the males and females of mankind, Lamech, the
defcendant of Cain, to gratify his intemperate luft, firft took a plurality of wives, and
introduced a cuftom which ftill remains in many places of the world; and with which
nit a few of the pious Hebrews, inadvertent to the finfulnefs thereof, complied ; Gen.
xvi. and xxix. 2 Sam. iii. v. 1 Kings xi. (Sfc. But Chrift fully laid open the iniquity
of this practice, and reftored marriage to its original form ; Gen. ii. 18 — 24. Mal.
ji. 14, 15. Mat. xix. 8.
Ver. 23, 24. To deter his wives from hurting him, or to render them fearlefs of
liis being hurt by others, he boafts that he was well able to take care of himfelf; and
that God, who took fo much care of Cain, would certainly take much more care of his
life who had never been a murderer. Perhaps for this purpofe he puts it to them as a
queftion, " Have I flain a man t» my wounding, pr a young man to my hurt ?" &c.

falfehood can deceive him, nor force withftand him. Nor can all
the carnal expedients on earth relieve a confeience divinely charged
and burdened with guilt. — Never let me envy the profperity' of the
wicked, their cities erected, their numerous and thriving families,
their artful inventions, or pleafures of fenfe ! — But when Jefus adds
to his church, or reforms the worfhip of it, let me rejoice thereat !
 Meanwhile, in the name, the employ, the facrifice, and death
of Abel, let me behold Jefus appearing in the likenefs of finful
flefh, and fullied with the vileft reproach : — Jefus, as the great
Shepherd of his Father's church : — Jefus, as the faithful offerer of
himfelf unto God for a facrifice of a fweet-fmelling favour : — Jefus,,
the hatred and murder of whom, by his brethren the Jews, iffued
in the curfe of their country, the rejection of their church, and the
fcattering and mifery of their nation, as a lafting monument of the
vengeance of heaven !

Ver. 26. The profeffors of the true religion, defcended from Seth or others, called '
themfelves the children of God, as a mark of diflinction from the profane defcendants
of Cain; and they fet up or re-eftablifhed the more public and folemn worfhip of God
on the fabbath, or on other occafions.
Chat. V. Ver. 3. Seth was begotten, not in the image of God in which Adam
had been created, but in the image of fallen Adam ; that is, guilty of and depraved
with fin. " He was fhapen in iniquity, and in fin did his mother conceive him;"
Pfal. li. 5. " A child of difobedience — by nature a child of wrath, even as others,"
the profane defcendants of Cain not excepted; Eph. ii. 2, 3. — What was born of
flefh, corrupted parents, was flefh infected with, finful corruption ; John iii. 6. Job xiv.
4. Obferve — Believing parents produce children according to their nature, not accord
ing to their grace. j

Genealogy of the patriarchs.

CHAP. V.

Enoch's hoiinefs and tranflation..

Before Chrifl
3874-
f Gen. 1.28. &Q.7.
& 11. TI. Pf. 117.
3. & 128. 3, 4. &
144. IZ.
e Ve'. 8. II. 14. 17.
&c. with PI. 9a.
10. D;ut. 30. K>.
ll Heb. 9. 27. Job
30. 23. Ecc'. 12.
57. ver. 8. II- 14.
ike. 2 Sam. 14.
14. Pf. 49. 7—
10. & 89. 48.
Eccl. 9. 5. 8.
Ezek. 18. 4. Rom.
5. 12—14. lCor.
15. 21. 22.
* 3667.

3679.
f Heb. Kenan, i. e.
lamentation, j Chr. \.z. Ez. 9.
4. ch. 6. 11.

i See v.4,

kSee v. 5.

Lu!:k -t. xi. i. e.
th ^ praifii^ of

I Seer. 4.

n See r. 5.

35'4-
1-Heb.JW. iChr.
1.2. :. «. the com
ing down.

it See ?. 4.

• See v. 5.

33S2.

4 <• *¦ the dedicated
one.

begotten Seth, were eight hundred years :
and he1* begat fons and daughters.
5 And all the days that Adam lived
were s nine hundred and thirty years :
and he h died.
6 % And * Seth lived an hundred and
five years, and begat Enos :
7 And Seth lived after he begat Enos
eight hundred and {even years, and begat
fons and daughters :
8 And all the days of Seth were nine
hundred and twelve years : and he died.
9 5T And Enos lived ninety years, and
begat + Cainan :
10 And Enos lived after he begat Cai
nan eight hundred and fifteen years, and
1 begat fons and daughters :
1 1 And all the days of Enos were
nine hundred and five years : and k he
died. 12 % And Cainan lived feventy years,
and begat + Mahalaleel :
13 And Cainan lived after he begat
Mahalaleel eight hundred and forty years,
and ' begat fons and daughters :
14 And all the days of Cainan were
nine hundred and ten years : and m he
died. 1 5 ^[ And Mahalaleel lived fixty and
five years, and begat " Jared:
1 6 And Mahalaleel lived after he begat
Jared eight hundred and thirty years, and
n begat fons and daughters :
1 7 And all the days of Mahalaleel were
eight hundred ninety and five years : and
0 he died.
1 8 % And Jared lived an hundred fixty
and two years, and he begat § Enoch :
1 9 And Jared lived after he begat Enoch

eight hundred years, and p begat fons and

daughters

Before Chrifl.
338*

P See.v. 4,

t Heb. Lemech, not:
the defcer.tlant oV
Cain, ch. 4. iS.
i. a. poor, depreft-
ed,. and fmittcn.

9 See v. 4».

20 And all the days of Jared were nine
hundred fixty and two years : and q he iSeeT-5-
died. 21 ^f And Enoch lived fixty and five 3317-
years, and begat * Methufelah : "Hl^f^t:.
22 And Enoch walked with God after £tteb"aiung
out, i-.'n. of th©-.*
he begat Methufelah three hundred years, flood--
and begat fons and daughters :
23 And all the days of Enoch were
three hundred fixty and five years :
24 And r Enoch walked with God :• and '^J.1-* ***'
he was not, for God took him.
25 % And Methufelah lived an hundred 3I3°~
eighty 'and feven years, and begat ^ La
mech :
26 And Methufelah lived after he
begat Lamech feven hundred eighty
and two years, and 5 begat fons and
daughters :
27 And all the days of Methufelah were
nine hundred fixty and nine years : and
c he died.
28 ^[ And Lamech lived an hun
dred eighty and two years, and begat a
fon :
29 And he called his name * Noah,
faying, This fame fhall comfort us con
cerning our work and toil of our hands,
becaufe of the ground which the Lord
hath § curfed :
^o And Lamech lived after, he begat.
Noah five hundred ninety and five years,
and u begat fons and daughters :
31 And all the days of Lamech were
feven hundred feventy and feven years 1
and v he died.
32 % And Noah was five hundred years

IScev.^i.

znlbV.
JGr.AW, Lufce ?*-.
361 & 17. 26. 27.
Ezek. 14. 14. zo.'.
Ha. 54. 9. Heb.
II. 7. I Pet. 3. 20. .
It fignifies rejl ail&j
comfort.

§ Ch. 3. 17 -to. igv
CCA. 13.-

u- See v. 4. -

2352»-

v Sec v. 5* .

2448.

Ver. 22 — 24. The pure ufe of conjugal life does not hinder the ftricl-eft practice
of hoiinefs. Amidft .all the cares and pleasures of a family Enoch walhd with God
as his intimate and glorrous Friend and Companion, who manifefted to him his amiabic
perfections in their new-covenant form, and beftowed his gracious bleffings and influ
ences upon him ; Mic. vi. 8. Gen. vi. 9. He walked after God, imitating him as his
perfect and engaging pattern, and always dependent on his drawing and fupporting
grace ; Deut. xiii. 4. Song i. 4. and viii. 5. He walked before God as his Mafter',
Witnefs, and future Judge, always deeply imprefled with a lively fenfe of his autho
rity, prefence, and purity ; ch. xvii. 1. and xxiv. 40. Pfal. xvi. 8. and cxvi. 9. He
walked worthy of the Lord, fruitful in every good word and work; anfwerable to what
God was to him, and had done or had promifed to do for him ; Col. i. 10. — anfwer
able to his clear forefight of the. future judgment ; Jude xiv. 15. 2 Pet. iii. 11. 14,
He walked in Chrift, living by faith on him, and through the grace of God denying
ungodlinefs and worldly lufts ; and living foberly, righteouflv, and godly; Col. ii. 6.
Gal. ii. 20* T-it. ii. 11, 12. Publicly to approve and reward his hoiinefs, and. to
render him a type of Chrift's afcenfion, and a pledge of the complete and eternal glo
rification of the faints, God took him out of this world to heaven, both foul and body ;
Heb. xi. 5. «* By faith Enoch was. translated, that he ihould not fee deathj and was

lc not found on eaith, for God had tranilated him to heaven; for lie had tins .tefti-.
u mony — that he pleafed God."
Ver. 2.9. Noah brought reft and comfort by the building of his ark, in which the ¦
fe miliary of both the world and the church did reft, and was faved ; Gen. vii. viii. and ix. -
And, by his inventions in husbandry, he t\ezd men from much of their toil, occafioned *
by the curfe on the ground ; Gen. ix. 2,0. with iii. 17, io. And, as a type and a
preacher of righteoufnefs, he was a mean of directing them to everlafting reft and *
oonfolation In Chrift ; 1 Pet. iii. iS — 20.
Ver. 32. Japheth was the eldeft of Noah's fons ; ch, x. 2T, and Ham the youngeft, ,
ch. ix. 24: hut Shem is firft mentioned ; becaufe cf his piety and his being one of
the Mefiiarfs progenitors; and becaufe his pofterity are the principal fubjecl: of Mofes*
writings: for the fame rejft»n Abrarn, though born fixty years later than H.iran,.,
is put firft in the family of Terah ; ch. xi. 26. with xii. 4.
In the e£rJy r<ges of the w.nld, Providence wifely ordered it that people fhould live
long, for the fpeedy rcplenifhing of the world, and for the more effectual propagation a
of the true religion and other ufeful knowledge; and, no doubt, the fuperior whole- -
fomenefs of the air, and of their diet, and their temperance, in. the uie. of It, .cuiitrL*-
buted to promote this longevity. _
Ba.

fhe birth of Noah's fens.

G E N E S I S. Mankind fitfully mingled and corrupted.

"^S"* old : and Noah begat Shem, Ham, and
Japheth. C H A P. VI.
In the days of Enojh we heard of the profeffors of the
true religion diftinguifhing themfelves for the Lord.
Now we fee them, to their own ruin, mingling
themfelves with the wicked. Here is, ( I ) God fo
highly provoked with the unequal marriages contracted
by the defcendants of Seth and other profeffors of
the true religion, with the profane and heathenifh
daughters of the Cainites, and with the violence and
oppreffion enfuing thereon, together with the univerfal
corruption of nature indulged by them, that he con
demned them and the whole earth to be drowned
with a flood — after they fhould have had an hundred
and twenty years given them for a fpace to repent,
I — 7. 11, 12, 13. 17. (2) Noah, a man emi
nently righteous in that generation, highly favoured
of God, and made the publifher of his purpofe, and
the mean of preferving a fample of every living
creature on the earth by the ark which God diretled
him to build; 8 — 10. 14 — 16. 18 — 21. (3) In
the faith of God's predictions of the flood, and in
obedience to his command, Noah prepares the ark for
thateffetl; 22.
ND it came to pafs, when * men
began to multiply on the face of the
earth, and daughters were born unto them,
2 That the + fons of God faw the

* Cain's pofterity.

f Seth's pofterity.

A1

Reflectionsupon Chap. V. — Whilft I read, let me with deep
concern cry out. How is the goldbecome dim, and the moft fine gold
changed ! Behold, how death reigns, through fin, from Adam to
Noah; andhowfu-re, though fometimes flowly, it ftrikes! — Ah! what
a nothing muft I, my age, anita.ll my labours, be in his fight, before
whom the long, long lives of ten patriarchs, and a replenifhed world,
make fo infignificant a figure ! To be born, to breathe, to rear up
a family, and give up the ghoft, how mean ! Yet this is all of
man ! And how few, in a replenifhed world, are worthy of God's
notice ! Let therefore Enoch, who walked with God, or rather
Jefus, the dedicated fervant of God ;— Jefus, who fet the Lord

daughters of men that they were fair ;
and they took them wives of all whom
they chofe.
3 And the Lord faid, - My fpirit fhall
not always ftrive with man, for that he
alfo is flefh : yet his t days fhall be an hun
dred and twenty years.
4 There were giants in the earth in
thofe days ; and alfo after + that, when the
fons of God came in unto the daughters
of men, and they bare children to them :
the fame became mighty men, which were
of old men of 'I renown.
5 % And God faw that the wickednefs
of man was great in the earth, and that
§ every imagination of the thoughts of his
heart was only evil * continually.
6 And it repented the Lord that he
had made man on the earth, and it
grieved him at his heart.
7 And the Lord faid,
man whom I have created from

Before Chrift
2448.

a I Pet. 3. 18. 19.
Gal. 5. 16. 17.

f before the flood
come.

$ God'3 warning,
ver. 3.

II for ftrength ani
Aature.

5 Or, the whole imo*
gination. The
Hebrew word fig-
nifieth not only
the imagination.
but alio the pur.
pofet and dejirci.
* Heb. every day.

will deftroy
the face
of the earth ; + both man and beaft, and the
creeping thing, and the fowls of the air ;
for it repenteth me that I have made them.

t' Heb. from matt
unto beaflj. Jer. 4,

ZZ — 17. & II. :
4. Hof. 4. 3. Zeph.
1. ;. Rom. 8. to.

always before him, and did always the things which pleafed the
Father ; —Jefus, who foretold the breaking forth of the floods of
wrath upon Judah, and the world of the ungodly ; — Jefus, who
clearly predicated the laft judgment, and the procedure in it ; and
who, having by himfelf purged our fins, fat down on the right
hand of the Majefty on high ; — be my pattern in life, and my
forerunner to glory ! And let him be my reft and confolation,
to comfort me concerning my labour and toil, to take away the
curfe from all my enjoyments, to afford fecurity and reft through-
? Jl my trials, till he bring me to his new world of righteoufnefs
and glory !

Chap. VI. Ver. 1, t. The defcendants of Cain, or other profane perfons who had
joined them, are here called men, becaufe they had quite call oif all regard to God and
his ways, and the profeffors of the true religion are called tWzfons of God; they had a
Tiltble relation to him, lived in his church, and profeffed to be born from above, and
to be ready to yield a cheerful and evangelical obedience to his commands; ch. iv. 26.
Deut. xiv. 1. z Cor. vi. t'i. T.hefe wantonly gazed upon the daughters of Cain, who
feem to have been extremely handfome and jovial t Judg. xiv. 1. 2 I'et. ii. 14. Mat.
v. 2&; and, regardlefs of God's direction or allowance, they followed their fancieK and
married them. — S.uch unequal marriages of profelTois with the carnal and profane are
exprefsly prohibited by the law of God, and h ive been a common plague to families,
nations, and churches; 1 Cor. vii. 39. 2-Cor. vi. 14, 15. Mal. ii. 11. Deut. vii. 3, 4.
Exod. xxxiv. 16. Join, xxiii. 12. Gen. xxiv. 3. xxvi. 34, 35. xxvii. 46. xxviii.
1, 2. and xxxviii. z Sam. iii. 3. with xiii. 28, 29. and xv. 1 Kings xi. Ezra
jx. 1, 2, 3. 12. Neh. xiii. 24 — 27.
Ver. 3, God's Spirit ft rove ivilh them by liis inward good motions, by the checks
which he caufed their confciences to give them, and by the counfels and warnings
given them by Noah, the preacher of righteoufnefs, or others; 1 Pet. iii. 18, 19.
2 Pel. ii. 5. Nebrlx. 30. — They wereftejh, not only frail and weak in their nature,
but exceedingly and obftinately corrupt, carnal, and fenfual in their heart and life, —
under the reign of indwelling fin, which is called flefh ; Rom. viii. 1. 4. 7. 8. Jude
19. and mad on praclifing the manifeft works af the fefh ; adultery, fornication, &c.
Gal. v. 19 — 21.
Ver. 4.. - Thefe giants, or huge-bodied men, in the -pride and confidence of their
ftaturc and ftrength, became defpifers of God and goodnefi, and opprefi'ors of mankind.
Ver. 5. Jer. xvii. 9, io. " The heart is deceitful above all things, and defperately
*l wicked. I, the Lord, fc.rcli the heart, and try the' reins, to give to every must
7

(( according to his works." Rom. vii. 7'; " The carnal mind is enmity againft God,
" and is not fubjecl; to his law, neither indeed can be." Mat. xv. 19 ; " Out of
" the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, falfe
" witnefs, blafphemies." Pfal. lviii. 3 ; " The wicked are eftranged from the womb;
" tliey go aftray as foon as they are born.'- And liii. i — 3 ; " The fool hath faid in
" his heart, There is no God — corrupt are they, they have-done abominable Iniquity
" — God looked down from heaven upon the children of men, to fee if there were
" any that did underftand, that did feck God. Every one of them is gone back, they
" are altogether become filthy; there is none that doe ch good, no not one." Pfal. xiv.
1 — 4. If. i. 2 — 6. Hof. iv. 1, 2. Mark vii. 21 — 23. Rom. i. 28 — 31. iii.
10 — 19. and viii. 8. Gal. v. 19 — si. Eph. ii. 1 — 3. Tit. iii. 3.
Ver. 6, 7. God's repentance denotes not any change of his purpofe or will within
himfelf. — In this refpect he is unchangeable, and cannot repent ; Mal. iii. 6. Num.
xxiii. 19. 1 Sam. xv. 29. Jam. i. 17. But it denotes the change of his providence
correfpondent with his fixed purpofe ; 1 Sam. xv. ir. Pfal. cvi. 45. Jer. xviii. 10.
Deut. xxxii. 36. Hof. xi. 3. It is a word fuited to our capacity; and here it denotes
God's deteftatiou of fin, and his fixed refolution to punifli it, after man had made him
felf quite another thing than God had made him at firft.
Ver. 8. To find grace in the eyes of the Lord is to be freely loved and delighted in
by him, in order to prefetvation from f une remarkable deftruction, or to the beftowal
of fome diftingniihed blefiing; Gen. xix. 19. Exod. xxxiii.-ii, 13. 2 Sam. xv. 25.
Luke i. 30. Acfts jii. 46. 2 Tim. i. i'J. Heb. iv. 16. Thus, Prov. viii. 35 ;
" Whofo findeth Chrift Rnizth life, and fii.ill ! obtain favour of the Lord " And xii. 2.
" A good man obtaineth favour of the Lord." — And iii. 4. and xviii. 22.
Ver. 9. Noah was a juft man, juftified by faith in the imputed righteoufnefs of
Chrift ; Hab, ii. 4. Heb. xi. 7. Rom. i. 17. iii. 22. 24. v. 1. and viii. 33.

Directions for the ark.
Bef^chrm g But Noah found grace jn the e}res of
t Hiftory, fee ch. 5. the LORD.
*'4''° 9 % Thefe are the + generations of Noah:
nor, upright. Noah was a juft man, anj [| perfecf in his
fcseech^s.gz4.& generations, and Noah b walked with God.
1 ^in. 3. 6.' L&e IO And Noah begat three fons ; Shem,
Ham, and Japheth.
1 1 The earth alfo was corrupt before
God ; and the earth was filled with violence.
1 2 And God looked upon the earth,
e jobzt'J'j.Vci"' and, behold, it was corrupt ; c for all flefh
apet'.z.'s?'10' had corrupted his way upon the earth.
13 And God faid unto Noah, The end
of all flefh is come before me ; for the earth
d ?.hz.4?ers.'4Hi',.4' is d filled with violence through them : and ,
' * o't,fromtbe ,a,th. behold , I will deftroy them § with the earth .
+ it typmed chrm 1 4 Make thee an + ark of gopher- wood :
"lo."' 7' lPct" * rooms fhalt thou make in the ark, and fhalt
•Heb.ncjs. pitch it within and without with pitch.
1 5 And this is thefafhion which thou
?taESfi.r" fhalt make it of: the t length of the ark
arfdtrhaief,)iuds fhall be three hundred cubits, the breadth
breadth near J *
fndtft's0heijhtrds' of it fifty cubits, and the height of it
*!?n1S thirty cubits-
EimaiTaiFt'heir 16 A window flialt thou make to the
*""¦• '" ark, and in a cubit fhalt thou finifh it
4.'&icw?'34. 3: above ; and the door of the ark fhalt thou
•t). 9. Job 22. 16.
17 17. Mat.L"4k.e fet m the fide thereof: with lower, fecond,
?9pc"°3.».7ifa. and third Jlories fhalt thou make it.
17 And, behold, e I, even I, do bring a
flood of waters upon the earth, to deftroy
all flefh, wherein is the breath of life, from
I7'4'7' under heaven : and every thing that is in
$ of prefervation. _ ifnui*
1. ch. 7. 1. if. >6. the earth * fhall die.
ha.6. isVicf ' 1 8- But with thee will s I eftablifh my
He U.J. Ua. 4. 6. K , , /11V, •
pn-'i''.""* covenant : and thou fhalt h come into

CHAP. VI.

Pious Noah builds the ark.

54. 9. ch,
21. 12. 23.
f Rom. 6. 23. & e.
12. & 8. 2C. 22.
fee ver.7.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — Behold the dreadful fruits of
profeffor;. intimacy and matrimonial connexions with the carnal and
profane ! How fin transforms this world into a kind of hell, filled with
corruption, wickednefs, and diforder ! Behold how quickly it ripens
it far a deftrufti ve deluge of divine wrath ! How long andhow patient
ly God bears with the manners of thefe monfters of impiety, after they

the ark ; thou, and thy fons, and thy ™™6cfm
wife, and thy fons' wives with thee.
19 And of every living thing of all
flefh, '* two of every fort fhalt thou bring *a,taft-
into the ark,, to keep them alive with thee ;
they fhall be male and female.
20 Of fowls ' after their kind, and of ic&7^A&
cattle after their kind, of every creeping '*£vj°: "-\\')-
~ thing of the earth after his kind ; two of 6'9' "•
every fort fhall come unto thee, to keep
them alive.
21 And k take thou unto thee of all k6.Viu.spr' *'
food that is eaten, and thou flialt gather
it to thee ; and it fhall be for food for
thee and for them.
22 l Thus did Noah ; according to all ' ^ % .i^V^
that God commanded him, fo did he. uoliAjV1'
CHAP. VII.
The ark being finifhed, (i) Noah and his family, with
feven pair of thofe animals that were fit for food and
for facrifice, and one pair of others, after holding
themfelves feven days in readinefs, enter the ark, on the
ijih day of the %d month of the booth year of Noah's
life ; and God fo fhut them in as no water could
penetrate to them, I — 9. 13 — 16. (2) Hereupon
the fountains of the great depth, which is in the
bowels of the earth, brake forth ; and the clouds, efpe
cially for the fpace of forty days, poured down fuch
torrents of rain, . %hat, in five months time, the
higheft mountains in the world were covered with
water, to the depth of nine yards and a quarter ; by
which, the whole of mankind, which might amount to
twelve, if not to eighty, thoufand millions, and all the
terreftrial animals, periflied, thofe few in the ark only 234&.
excepted. a lr- *6- 20. Ezek,
1 9. 4. 5. 2 Pet. 2.
ND the a Lord faid unto Noah, Mt&.
Come thou, and all thy houfe, into A«^'S I0
the ark ; for thee have I b ieea righteous bSiu'i'.?.'I|.*
br . 1 . . ° 16. Piov. 10. 0.
erore me m this generation. g; 9- & «. 4- »

feem ripened for ruin ! But how fad their cafe when his Spirit ceafeth
to ftrive with their confciences for their converfion and reformation I
—What a blelling are upright faints in the midft of a crooked and
perverfe generation ! How highly regarded and honoured of God !
And what diftinguifhed means- of prefcrving families, nations,
churches, or even the world, from utter ruin !

Rom. v. 19. *' By the obedience of one (Chrifl) ihall many be made righteous ;"
2, Cor. v. 21. *c For God made him to be fin for us, who knew no fin, that we might
** be made the righteoufnefs of God in him." If. xiv. 24, 25. and vi. 10. Jer* xxiii, 6.
and xxxiii. j6. Phil. iii. 9. — He was pcrfccJ, upright, and fincere ; aman of great
integrity and godly finccrity, having his heart wholly confecrated for God$ entire in
Jiis obedience t) all God's commandments, and watchfully keeping himfelf unfpotted
from the world; as ch. xvii. I. Deut. xviii. 13. Job i. 1. S. Pfal. xxxvii. 37. and
cxix. 1. 5, 6. Prov. ii. 21. Mat. v. 48. Luke viii. 14. 2 Cor. xiii. u. and iii. 9.
Eph. iv. 11, 12. Phil. iii. 15. Col. i. zS* 2 Tim. iii. 17. Heb. xiii. 7.1. 1 Pet.
v. io. R:v. iii. 2. Luke i. 6. << Righteous before God, and walking in all the
*¦* commandments of the Lord blamelefs." % Cor. i. 10. ll In Simplicity and godly
€i finccrity, not with flcflily wifdom, but by the grace of God, we have had our con-
*e verfation in this world." Noah wasperfecT: in bis generation, amidft men extremely
T/icked, and nGtwithftanding their evil counfels, exumplee, and perfect! tions. Phill

ii. 15 — (( Be blamelcfs and harmlefa, the fons of God, without rebuke, in the midft
*( of a crooked and perverfe generation, among whom ye mine as lights in the world.'*
1 Pet. ii. 15—" That with well-doing ye may put to filence the ignorance of foolifli
(i men." And iii. 16.
Vex. 11. Multitudes of the moft enormous fins abounded among all ranks, and were
committed before God in an open and prefumptuous manner, withpat-any fear of him ;
nay, in defiance to his vengeance. So the wickednefs of Nimrod and the Sodomite*
was committed j ch. x. 9- xiii. 13. and xix. 13. *
Ver. j 3. The end of all flefh h come before ne. The time for the deftruction of
mankind and animals, fixed in my purpofe, is near at nandj as Jer. II. 13. Ezek. vii,
2, 3. 6. Amos viii. 2.
Ver. 22. Keb. xi*, 7. " Py faith Noah, being warned of God of things not fern
lc as yet, moved with fear" tf the approaching flood, and notwithftanding manifold /¦- $s
from bit nii$bb9ur5) prepared an ark to the faving of his houfe.

l^ioah and his family enter into the ark. GENESIS.

*f he flood overflows the eartm

Before Chrift
* Deut. xiv. Lev.
xi. ch. 6. 19. 20.
2i. A£ts 10. 11.

* clean ones..

i Ch. 6. vj.&z. j.
Amos 4. 7. Job'
aa. 25. & 22. 16.
& 36. 27. 28. 32.
& 37. 11. ia.
f Heb. i.V ottf. Job
22. 16. ch. 0. 7.
13. 17. & ver. 2,1.
23.
e Ex. jg. 32,. 42. &
40. 16. with Mat.
3. 15. lohniS. 28.
29. Phil, a. 8.
, Heb. 5, 8.

f 1 Pet. 5.2c Prov*
22. 3. Heb, ir. 7.
Mar. 24. 38. Luke
17. 27. ver. 13.
14. 15. a Pet. 2. 5.

j Ch. e. tq. Ter. 8,
7. If. 11. 6. ver.
16. A6to io. u.
12. Pf. 22. 27. to
31. Gal. 3. 28.
Col. 3. 11. Rev.
7.9.

the fsvmib

fOr, day.
Ji Job 22. 16. Zech.
1.5. 6. ch. 6. 17 .~
¦ver. 4. 17 — 20.
I-ilke 17. 27.
Mat. 24. 38. 39.

About Nov. 28

i Pf. 33. 7. & 74.
' [. 7. if.
44. 19. 2 Kin. 7

15. ch. 1.

2. lg. Mal. 3. 10.
Pf.78. 23.
X Or, jtood-£Gttt.

k Deut. 9. 9. 18. 1
Kin. 19. 8. Mat.
4. 2. ver. 17.
1 See ri.r. 7. 8. 9.

2 c Of every clean beaft thou fhalt
take to thee by fevens, the male and his
female ; and of beafts that are not clean
by two, the male and his female;
3 Of * fowls alfo of the air by fevens,
the. male and the female ; to keep feed
alive upon the face of all the earth.
4 For yet feven days, and d I will
caufe it to rain upon the earth forty days
and forty nights : and every living fub-
ftance that I have made will I + deftroy
from off the face of the earth.
5 And Noah did e according unto all
that the Lord commanded him.
6 And Noah was fix hundred years old
when the flood ofwaterswasupon the earth.
7 % And f Noah went in, and his fons,
and his wife, and his fons' wives with him,
into the ark, becaufe of the waters of the
flood. 8 Of clean beafts, and of beafts that
are not clean, and of fowls, and of every
thing that creepeth upon the earth,
9 There s went, in two and two unto
Noah into the ark, the. male and the
female, as God had commanded Noah.
10 ^[ And it came to pafs "•" after feven
days, h that the waters of the flood were
.upon the earth.
1 1 In the fix hundredth year of Noah's
life, in the fecond month, the feventeenth
day of the month, the fame day were all
1 the fountains of the great deep broken
up, and the + windows of heaven were
opened. 12 And the rain was upon the earth
forty k days and forty nights.
13 ' In the felf-fame day entered Noah,
and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the
fons of Noah, and Noah's wife, and the
three wives of his fons with them, into
the ark ;

Reflections upon Chap. VII. Behold, my foul, the goodnefs
andfeverityof God! His goodnefs — in faving the man whomhisown
grace had qualified for that mercy — in faving others, even the wick
ed part of his family, forhis fake ! — in faving the brute animals in pro
portion to their ferviceablenefs to man ! — in adding feven days fpace
of repentance to the wretched profligates who had abufed the former
reprieve of 120 years 1 and, after all, bringing the flood gradually on
them, forthsir awakening, and to give them ftill further fpace to re
pent ! Butlet me tremble at his righteous judgments ! Howthe clouds
from above, the wells from below, fo long beneficial to mankind,

Before Chrift
2338.

II Heb. wing.

and the Lord m fhut m^]o!l^\' iPet. 1. 5. judet

$ deluging rain.
ver. 12.

14 They, and every beaft after his
kind, and all the cattle after their kind,
and every creeping- thing that creepeth
upon the earth after his kind, and every
fowl after his kind, every bird of every "fort.
15 And they went in unto Noah into
the ark, two and two of all flefh, wherein
x the breath of life.
16 And they that went in went in
male and female of all flefh, as God had
commanded him
him in.
1 7 ^[ And the § flood was forty days up
on the earth ; and the waters increafed,
and bare up the ark, and it was lifted up
above the earth.
18 And n the waters prevailed, and "*£;<*¦ l-J*
were increafed greatly upon the earth ; and 2S'29'
the ark went upon the face of the waters.
1 9 And the waters ° prevailed exceed- ° ^y "firfTJj
ingly upon the earth ; and all the high thcm"
hills that were under the whole heaven
were covered.
20 "'Fifteen cubits upward did the * £'™t£rd8.anJ "
wafers prevail ; and the mountains were
covered. 21 5[ And p all flefh died that moved p SteV'«F'jS
upon the earth, both of fowl, and of "'& 3*6. Rom.
cattle, and of beaft, and of every creeping x&fLfff%%,
thing that creepeth upon the earth, and & n4;. £"i$
x x 4. 3. Joel 1. 17—
everv man : ».&*. i- z=ph.
22 All in whofe noftrils uw + the breath t Heb. ,». w*
of life, of all that was in the dry land, died. <f""It'"' °f ''''*.
23 1 And every living fubftance was 1 »*"'¦«•"¦
deftroyed which was upon the face of
the ground, both man, and cattle, and
the creeping things, and the fowl of the
heaven ; and they were deftroyed from the
earth : andr Noah only remained alive, and
they that were with him in the ark.
24 ^[ And the waters prevailed upon the
earth s an hundred and fifty days.

r 2 Pet. I. t. f.
Ezek. 14. 14.
Prov. 11.4. 1 Pet.
3. 20. Heb. II. 7,.
Job J. 19. Pf. 91.
I. 9. 10. lu. 26.

Ver. 11. Gen. 8.
3. 4. Pf. 29. 10.

now concur to deftroy them ! What multitudes, who had defpifed
lus warnings, now perifli by his hand ! And how ineffectual is
every attempt to efcape ! While the ark of God's teftament, his
new covenant, is open, let me efcape thither for my life, and bring
with me, of my fellow finners, all whom I can. The day is at hand
when the earth and the works thereof fhall be burnt up, and the
door of mercy for ever fhut. God forbid that I fhould be among
thofe multitudes who fhall then be fhut out into outer darknefs,
where there is weeping, and wailing, and gnafhing of teeth 1

tffje rain from heaven flopped.

CHAP. VIII.

tfhe flood is dried up.

Before Chrift

a Pf. ?6. 6. Jon. 4.
11. Rom. 8. 20
tQ 22.
h Ex. 14. ai. Prov.
2J. 23. Pf- IO4.
7. 8. 9.
c Job 38. 37. Mat. 8.
9. 26. 17*

««<£

* Heb. in gt'mg
returning,
jiCh. 7. xx. 24.

^ One of them, ch,
19.29.
« Armenia, If. 37.
38. /er. 51. 27.
2 Kin. 19. 37.
f Heb. ic*™ in £0-
1 ing end decriafmg.

tf Ch.6. 16.

g 1 Kin. 17. 6. Job
38. 41. Pf. 147.9.
% Heb. in going forth
and returning.

jb Ver. 10. 11. 12.
Mat. 10. 16. Song.
¦a. 11. 12.

CHAP. VIII.
In the preceding chapter we left the world in ruins
and the church in f raits. Here the former is
repaired, and the other enlarged. ( i ) God, by
a wind, difpels the clouds, while the fountains are
refrained. Hence the water gradually returned to
the bowels of the earth, or was exhaled into the air,
and the furface of the earth was dried. After fix-
tcen days ebbing the ark refted on the top of a moun
tain. After fixty the tops of the mountains became
vifible. After forty, or perhaps rather an hundred,
Noah fent forth a raven and dove to procure him
intelligence of the abatement of the water. After one
hundred and fixty -eight the earth was mofly cleared
of the water; but, being fill foft and muddy, it took
fifty-feven days more to render it habitable for men ;
I — 14.. (2) At God's command Noah and his
family, and all the animals, go forth from the ark,
after they had been in it a year and ten days ; r 5 — 1 9 .
( 3 ) Hereupon Noah ercSls an altar, and offers a thank-
offering, which the Lord accepts, and promifeth never
more to drown the world for man's fin, but to give the
refpeclive feafons of feed-time and harveft, fummer and
winter, day and night, in their due order ; 20 — 22.
AND God remembered Noah, and
a every living thing, and all the cattle
that was with him in the ark : and God
made b a wind to pafs over the earth, and
the waters afTuaged ;
2 The c fountains alfo of the deep and
the windows of heaven were flopped, and
the rain from heaven was reftrained ;
3 And the waters returned from off the
earth * continually : and d after the end
of the hundred and fifty days the waters
were abated.
4 ^[ And the ark refted in the feventh
month, on the feventeenth day of the
month, upon the + mountains of e Ararat.
5 And the waters + decreafed conti
nually until the tenth month : in the
tenth month, on the firft day of the month,
were the tops of the mountains feen.
6 <f[ And it came to pafs at the end of
forty days, that Noah f opened the win
dow of the ark which he had made :
7 And he fent forth a s raven, which
went forth + to and fro, until the waters
were dried up from off the earth.
8 Alfo he fent forth h a dove from him,
to fee if the waters were abated from off
the face of the ground :

Chap. VIII. Ver. i. God's remembering perfons or things denotes his manifesting
his notice of them, either in a way of mercy for their deliverance or benefit, according
to his promife, as here, and ch. xix. 29. and xxx. 22. Exod. xxxii. 13. Neh. xui. 14.
3.%. Job xiv. 13. Pfal. cxxxii. 1. cvi. 4, and cxxxyi. 23; or, in away of wrath
i'or their puniflimcnt; pftl. exxxvii. 7. Amos viii. 7. Rev. xvi. 19. and xv.111.-i5.

9 But the dove ; found no reft for the

fol'e of her foot,

and
for

Before Chrift
fhe returned unto ¦ Ezek. 7. 16. Mat.
it. 28. John 16.
the waters were on a-
l-i p H pIa-n country.

-$ Heb. caitfed her t»
came.

15. 20. Pf. 89
15. Eph. 1. 13
Ua.";7. 19.

m Jam. 5. 7. 8. Job
«. 14. Pi". 27. 14.
fe 130. 5. 6. I:a.
8. 17. Hi ;--'- iS.

*H7'

him into the ark,
the face of the U whole earth : then
put forth his hand, and took her, and
§ pulled her in unto him into the ark.
10 And he b flayed yet other feven fc&y?;.&l6>*-
days ;- and again he fent forth the dove out
of the ark ;
1 1 And the dove came in to him in
the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was
1 an olive-leaf plucked off: fo Noah knew l Nch- 8- *¦-*!»
that the waters were abated from off the
earth. 12 And he ra flayed yet other feven
days, and fent forth the dove ; which
returned not again unto him any more.
13 <f[ And it came to pafs, in the fix
hundredth and firft year, in the firft
month, the firft day of the month, the
waters were dried up from off the earth :
and Noah removed the covering of the
ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of
the ground was dry.
14 And in the fecond month"", on the
feven and twentieth day of the month,
was the earth dried.
' 15 ^F And God fpake unto Noah, faying,
16 ° Go forth of the ark, thou, and thy
wife, and thy fons, and thy fons' wives
with thee.
17 Bring forth with thee every living
thing that is with thee, of all flefh, both of
fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping
thing that creepeth upon the earth ; that
p they may breed abundantly in the earth,
and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth.
1 8 And Noah went forth, and his fons,
and his wife, and his fons' wives with him.
19 Every beaft, every creeping thing,
and every fowl, and whatfoever creepeth
upon the earth, after their * kinds, went
forth out of the ark.
20 % And 1 Noah builded an
unto the .Lord ; and took of every
beaft, and- of every clean fowl, and offered
burnt-offerings on the altar.

n Ch. 7. 11. t%. 14.
About the begin
ning of Decent
her.

o Zech.
91. II.

TO. PC
: 111. li.

pCh. i.2i.Pf. 144.
13. 14. & 107. 3».

¦Mleb. fam'ilitt.

altar
clean

q Heb. 13. lO.Kom,
11. 1. 2. 1 Pet. 2.
5.9.

Ver. 20. Jt'was common for the patriarchs to ere£r altnrs and offer faoriflaes of
thankfgiving for meicies received, and for. the expiation of their own guilt} as in the
eafc cf Abraham j ch. xii. 7, 8. and xiii. Hi j liaac, xxvi. .25; and Jacob, xxxv. 7 j
•and Mofes, Exod. xvii. 15. Thefe were typical cf Chrifl", cur New-Tcilament alUt",
as the facri&cca ivtie of his otlatioo of hi mi elf j Heb. -xii. 10 — 15.

"NpaF s facrifce.

GENESIS.

God's bteffing of Noah and his fans.

21 And the Lord fmelled + a fweet
} favour ; and the Lord faid in his heart,
J' I will not again + curfe the ground any

Before Ch'ift
2347.

¦f Keb. a favour
reft. Lev. 1.0. 13

lmagina-

c'Cor". 2. ij. Song * "' "" " O , r r , -
4. 10, n. more for man s fake ; for the
V^f',, tion of man's heart is evil from his youth .
» Ch. 6.5. Mat. 15. t . ./
19. Rom. s^ ». neither will I again unite any more every
"V]cr'17'9' thing living, fas~

fz Pet. 3. 6. 7. Job
22. 2C. I'.a, 54. 9.
|| Heb. At yet ail the
dnyj of the earth,
PI". 74. IO. 17.
Song 2. 11, 12.
Jer. 31.35. &33.

22

Before Chnft
2347.

I have done.
While the earth remaineth, feed-
time and harveft, and cold and heat, and
fummer and winter, and day and night,
fhall not ceafe. CHAP. IX.
Here we have ( I ) God's covenant of prefervation with
Noah and his family further explained, importing,
that they fhould be multiplied for rcplenifhing the earth ;
that the brute animals fhould ft and in awe of them ;
that they might eat the flefh of animals, but not with
the blood; that the earth fhould never more be
drowned with a flood — of which the rainbow, though
a fign of rain, fhould be the infallible token ; I — 17.
and requiring them to take care of human life, by
punifhing murderers with death ; 5, 6. (2) An
account of Noah, his family, his employment, his
drunkennefs, the behaviour of his fons towards him in
it, and their correfpondent bleffings and curfe ; and, in
fine, of his death ; 18 — 29.
ND- God a bleffed Noah and his
fons, and faid untothem, Be fruitful,
bCh.355.Lev.26 and multiply, and replenifh the earth.
2 Andb the fear of you, and the dread

d Ley. 17. io. iz.
14. & 3. 17. Sc 7.
26. Deut. 12. 16.
23. & 15. 23.
e Pf. 9. 12. Ex. zi.
28. with Afts 17.
26.

26. ;z.
13. 10. Num. 35.
25. Rom. 13,4.

iCh. 1.22. 28. &
8. 17. ver. 7. Pf.
128.3,4. & 112.

6. 22." Job 5. 23.
Hof. 2. 18. ch. 1.
28. Pf. 8. 4 to 8,

Izek*8''**"'9' °f you' fhall be upon every beaft of the

earth, and upon every fowl of the air,
upon alh that moveth upon the earth, and
upon all the fifties of the fea ; into your
hand are they delivered.
3 Every moving thing * that liveth '^t^t
fhall be meat for you ; even as the c green c ch. ¦. 29, 3°. pr.
herb have I given you all things :
4 d But flefh with the life thereof, which
is the blood thereof, fhall ye not eat.
5 And e furely your blood of your lives
will I require ; at the hand of every beaft
will I require it, and at the hand of man ;
at the hand of f every man's brother will
I require the life of man.
6 Whofo fheddeth man's blood, by man
fhall his blood be fhed ; for * in the image s fi.'Uh,^*
ill murrier of man it
of God made he man. <MSkup0*
7 And you, h be ye fruitful, and mul- aver.i. <*.!.*,
tiply ; bring forth abundantly in the
earth, and multiply therein.
8 % And God fpake unto Noah, and
to his fons with him, faying,
9 Andl, behold,1 1, eftablifh my covenant ' <fr **?&;*
with you, and with your feed after you ; !o.& £'£.';":
J 7 • i l T • make it Erm and
10 And with K every living creature furc-
that is with you, of the fowl, of the "Vf**9'**.3*
cattle, and of every beaft of the earth
with you ; from all that go out of the
ark, to every beaft of the earth.

xii. Jon. 4. ll.

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — How gracioufly God re
members, and in mercy vifits his favourites in due time ! therefore,
though the vifion tarry, let me wait for it. How eafily, and often
gradually, the Lord accomplifhes his merciful defigns ! As he never
wants inftruments of affliction andruin, fo neither of gracious deliver
ances. Whatever means I may ufe of information, or of affedtingmy
confeience and heart, let me in all my ways acknowledge God, and
wait for his direction out of ftraits as well as inthem ! If I receive deli
verance, let my heart be lifted up in his way, and my thankfgivings
wait for him in Zion ! Let my hopes of future favours wholly depend
upon his fovereign mercy, not on my own or others reformation: for,
alas ! bleffed or chaftifed, we are flagrant rebels ftill ! But, in this
patriarch's ark, do I not difcern Jefus Chrift ! He is the abfolutely
neceffary mean of our efcapingthe juftly. defer ved and deftrudtive
floods of God's everlafting wrath. Every thing in his mediatorial
perfon and office was devifed and appointed of God. He was
gradually reared up in promifes before he was actually incarnate,
and gradually he finifhed his all-covering atonement. How wide
is the gate of accefs to him revealed in the gofpel ! and what

abundant room is there in his faving power, his love, his blood,
his interceffion, his covenant, and promife, for endangered finners
of mankind! His ftories are his ancient undertaking, his humi
liation, and his endlefs glory. No light is in him but what is of a
fpiritual and heavenly nature. By expofing himfelf to the deluging '
rains, the fearful billows of his Father's wrath ; to depths wherein/'
was no {landing, till at laft he refted in his graye, and at his
Father's right hand ; he bears up and faves his chofen. How many
defpife him and his atonement ! But, by the power of God,
what multitudes, both of Jews and Gentiles, are faved by him,
and made heirs of new promifes, inhabitants of a new-covenant ftate
and an eternal world of bleffednefs ! — And is not the fame a figure
of the gofpel-church, in which, reared by Jefus' labours of love,
the nations of them that are faved do live in this world, till the
winter be paft, and the floods be over and gone! .And happy
period, when, after toffings unnumbered, the Lord fhall call us
forth into our fields, our houfe eternal in the heavens, where rains,
where ftorms, where nights, where winters, where curfes, never
enter !

Ver. 21. The Lord accepted it as a thing pleafant and delightful, proceeding from
faith and gratitude ; I Sam. xxvi. 19. Lev. xxvi. 31. Amos v. 21. — God would
hereafter improve the finfuinefs of mankind as an occafion of manifefl-ing his patience
and mercy ; Pfal. ciii. 11 — 14. and xxv. 21. Exod. xxxiv. 9. If. xliii. 24, 25.
xliv. 22. xlviii. 8, 9. lvii. 17, 18. and i. iS. Jer. iii. 1. 4, 5. 14. 22.
Thus, Pfal. cvi. 6. " Though we have finned with our fathers — have committed
" iniquity — have done wickedly — nevcrthelefs he faved, for his name's fake, that he
*< might make his mighty power to be known.'1 Ezek. x 0.60 — 63. " Neverthe-
" lefs, notii'ithftanding innumerable and grievous friwtcMiciis, I will remember my

" covenant with thee-— I am pacified towards thee for all that thou haft done." And
xx. 4 — 44. " I have wrought with you for my name's fake, not according to your
" wicked ways, nor according to your corrupt doings." Compare xxxvi. 16 — 32.
Rom. v. 20, 21. " Where fin abounded grace did much more abound; — that as fm
" had reigned unto death, grace might reign through, righteoufnefs unto eternal life,-
" through Jefus Chrift our Lord."
Ver. 22. How remarkably exact over all the world hath been the fulfilment ii
this prediction for more than 4000 years paft.

Gad's covenant with Noah ;

CHAP. IX.

his fons, and employment.

Before Chrift
1 If. 54. 9. ch. 8.
21, 11.

The rain-bow
now became a
token that there
ihould never be
another flood ;
and, as fuch, it
leprclerited the
covenant of grace,
Rev. 4.3. & 10. 1.

SB Gen. 8. II, 21.
Ex. 28. 12. ver.
9, 10, ii. This
covenant of fafety
to the world was
typical of the co
venant of grace,
if. 54. 8, 9, 10.
tM. 89. 3, 4. 28.

1 1 And l I will eftablifh my covenant
with you ; neither fhall all flefh be cut off
any more by the waters of a flood ; neither
fhall there any more be a flood to deftroy
the earth.
1 2 And God faid, This is the * token
of the covenant which I make between
me and you, and every living creature
that is with you, for perpetual genera
tions :
13 I do fet my bow in the cloud, and
it fhall be for a token of a covenant
between me and the earth.
14 And it fhall come to pafs, when I
bring a cloud over the earth, that the
bow fhall be feen in the cloud :
- 1 5 And I will remember my covenant,
which is between me and you and every
living creature of all flefh ; and the
waters fhall no more become a flood to
deftroy all flefh.
16 And the bow fhall be in the
cloud ; and I will look upon it, that
I m may remember the everlafting co
venant between God and every liv
ing creature of all flefh that is upon
the earth.
1 7 And God faid unto Noah, This is
the token of the covenant which I have

Before Chrift
2347.

% Heb. Chtmaan.

eftablifhed between me and all flefh that
is upon the earth.
1 8 ^F And the fons of Noah, that went
forth of the ark, were n Shem, and Ham, n £h; &£¦,*.
and Japheth : and Ham is the father of
+ Canaan. 1 9 Thefe are the three fons of Noah :
and of them was the whole earth over-
fpread. 20 ^f And Noah began to be an°huf- ° £™j.,|^.ch-
bandman, and he planted a vineyard : *% . 8' 26' tccl"
2 1 And he drank of the wine, and was 2*47-
p drunken ; and he was uncovered within p ^h- % 9>ro'vC£*
his tent. >.Wc2,.34. '
22 And Ham, the father of Canaan, faw
the nakednefs of his father, and q told his qProv.,o.7.&jc
... - 17. with Gal. 6. 1.
two brethren without.
And r Shem and Japheth took

23

garment, and laid // upon both their
fhoulders, and went backward, and
covered the nakednefs of their father ;
and their faces were backward, and they
faw not their father's nakednefs.
24 And Noah awoke from his wine,
and knew what his younger fon had done
unto him.
25 And he faid, s Curfed be Canaan ;
a fervant of fervants fhall he/ be unto his
brethren.

17- '
Prov. 25. 9.
Mat. 18. 15.
a r Gal. 6. I. I.
I Tim. 5. I.

g Ch. 48. «. Deut.
28. 18. John 8. 34.

Cha*. IX. Ver. 25—27. Thefe predictions are greatly extenfive ; almoft every pre
diction in fcripture relative to the Egyptians, Canaanites, Tyrians, and Zidonians, is com
prehended in this repeated curfe of Canaan. Almoft every prediction relative to the Affy
rians, Chaldeans, Perfians, and Arabs, and efpecially what relates to the Jewiih nation and
Jefus Chrift, is included in the blefling of Shem. Almoft every prediction relative to the
Greeks, Romans, Goths, Tartars, and Turks, and efpecially what relates to the gof-
Jiel-church among the Gentiles, is contained in the blefling of Japheth. — The fulfil
ment of thefe predictions is no lefs remarkable. Much of the fcriptures of the Old and
New Teftament, much of the hiftory of nations, is no more than an account of it.
The defcendants of Ham, by his fons Cufh, Mizraim, Phut, and Canaan, peopled
Africa and part of Weftern Afia. — For about four thoufand years paft the bulk of the
Africans have been abandoned of Heaven to the moft grofs ignorance, rigid ilavery,
ftupid idolatry, and lavage barbarity. Scarcely ever hath a iiate formed of them, made
any refpectable figure, the Egyptians and Carthaginians excepted; and even they had
little dominion over any part of the defcendants of Shem or Japheth. For many ages
the northern parts of Africa were enllaved or haraffed by the Affyrian, Chaldean, and
Perfian, defcendants.of Shem; and next by the Greeks, but efpecially the Roman and
Vandal defcendants of Japheth. For eleven hundred years paft they have been
enfla#ed by the Ifhmaelite Saracens defcended from Shem, or by the Seljukian and
Ottoman Turks defcended of Japheth. And what multitudes of the Weftern Africans
are annually bought for flave,* by the Englifh, the Spaniards, the French, Portuguefe,
or Dutch, and condemned to the hardeft drudgery in their American plantations ! It
was Canaan, I fuppofe, who firft faw the nakednefs of Noah, and told his father of
it. His pofterity firft fettled in the weft of Afia, and the curfe hath purfued them in
a ftill more remarkable manner. About A.M. 2079, Chedorlaomer, and his Elarhire
defcendants of Shem, rendered tributary the Canauiiitifh kingdoms of Sodom and
Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboim, and Zoar. Upon their revolt he invaded and pillaged
their country; Gen. xiv. Not long after they, Zoar excepted, were deftroyed with
fire and briinftone from heaven, for their unnatural lewdnefs and other abominations;
Gen. xix. The Hebrews, chiefly under Mofes, Jofhua, and Barak, cutoff moft of
the other Canaanites, and feized on their country; Num. xxi. Jolh. vi — xix.
Judg. iv. .The Gibeonites and others, whofe lives were fpared, were fubje£ted to
flavery; Jofh. ix. Judg. 1. 2 Sam. v. Solomon had more than 150,000 of them
employed as flaves in the building of the temple, I Kings ix. 20, 22. and v. 15, 16.
They who fettled in the north-weft of Canaan, and formed the once flouriUiing ftates
Vol. I.

of Tyre and Sidon, werej by the Affyrians, Chaldeans, and Perfians, but chiefly by
the Greeks, Romans, Saracens, and Turks, reduced to great mifery and bondage, till
at laft they were totally ruined. If. xxiii. Ezek. xxvi. — xxviii. They who fled
from Jofhua, or afterwards to northern Africa, and formed the Carthaginian and other
ftates, were, after much contention and mutual enflavement, reduced by the Romans
to the bafeft fervitude and mifery : and for about two thoufand years that country
hath been one continued fcene of flavery to the Romans, Vandals, Saracens, or Turks.
The Phoenician Canaanites, who, pufliing their fortunes, fettlijd in the Mediterranean
i (lands, or in Greece, Italy, or on the border of the Euxine fea, havefhared a fimilar fate
of thraldom and mifery from the Perfians, Greeks, Romans, Sarapens, Normans, or Turks.
But the countries of Perfia, Affyria, Chaldea, Lydia, Syria, Arabia, India, and I
fuppofe moft of China, were peopled by, the pofterity of Elam, Afhur, Arphaxad,
Lud, and Aram, fons of Shem. The ble flings beftowed upon them by God have been
remarkable. The moft rich'or fertile parts of the world fell to their ihare. They
formed the Affyrian, Chaldean, Perfian, and Saracen monarchies, which in their
turns enflaved the offspring of Canaan. For two thoufand years, from the dcatli of
Noah to that of Chrift, the knowledge of the true religion, and the new-covenant
relation to God as his church and people, were almoft wholly confined to them, par
ticularly to the Jews ; and from them the Mefiiah, the Lord from heaven, had his
human defcent j and from them the apoftohc founders of the gofpel-church did fpring.
The fons of Japheth were Corner, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Mefchech, and
Tiras. Their defcendants, the Celts or Gauls, the Tartars, Medes, Greeks, Romans,
Goths,, Turks, &c, prodigioufly multiplied and peopled the whole of Europe, the
northern half of Afia, and I fuppofe moft of America. For many ages they have
been fettling themfelves in the original habitations of the pofterity of Shem. The
Medes, affifted by the Chaldeans, overturned the Affyrian empire ; and afterwards,
affifted by the Perfians, whom they had fubdued, ruined the Chaldean, Perhaps it
was their Scythian brethren, who about two hundred years after founded the powerful
monarchy of the Parthians in Perfia, and the places about-; while multitudes of the
ovcrftocked Gauls from Europe invaded Afia, and partly took up their refidence in
Mefopotamia. About three hundred and thirty years before the birth of our Savinur,
the Greeks .under Alexander overran Alia to the river Indus, and for feveral aget
held it in fubjedtion. Next, the Romans pufhed their conquefts into Syria, Afi)ria,
and Canaan j and for more than feven hundred years retained what they could of it.
For many aget the Tartarian Huns and Turks continued to pour themfelves into

Noah bleffeth Shem \
26 And he faid, t Bleffed be the Lor'd
God of Shem ; and Canaan fhall be U his
fervant. 27 God fhall § enlarge Japheth, and
he fhall dwell in the tents of Shem ; and
Canaan fhall be his fervant.
28 % And Noah lived after the flood
three hundred and fifty years.
29 And all the days of Noah were
u nine hundred and fifty years : and he
died. CHAP. X.
To manifeft the efficacy of God" s bleffing on Noah's family
in the multiplication thereof, and to prepare us for
obferving the accomplifhnent of Noah's predictions
concerning his feed, we have here an account, ( I )
Of the poflerity of Japheth ; 2 — 5. (2) Of the
pofterity of Ham, particularly of Nimrod, the firft
monarch; 6 — 20. (3) Of the pofterity of Shem;
21 — 32. With fome hints of their refpeilive
refdences; 5, xo, 19, 30.
OW thefe are the a generations of
the fons of Noah ; Shem, Ham,

GENESIS.

Birth and char after of Nimrod.

Seforc Chrift
*347-
t Pf. 144. 35. Heb.
11. 16.
H Or, ervant to them.
$ Or, perCuade, Eph.
3. 6. i;. 8c z. 14.
19. Rom. 11. 12.
& 15. 12. with
<Heb. 11. 9, 10.
-Mal. j. 11. Ifa.
11. 10.

M Cb. 5. j. oo. 17.
& TI. IK to 25.
w*th Pfal. 90. 10.

1998.

*347-

generations
aHiftorical account,
ch. 2. 4. & 5. 1.
*' and Japheth : and unto them were fons

born after the flood.

2 % b The fons of Japheth ; Gomer, and
Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and Tu
bal, and Mefhech, and Tiras.
3 And the fons of Gomer ; Afhkenaz-,
and Riphath, and Togarmah.
4 And the * fons of Javan ; Elifhah,
Tarfhifh, Kittim, and Dodanim.
5 By thefe were the c ifles of the
Gentiles divided in their lands- ; every
one after his tongue, after their families,
in their nations.
6 ^[ d And the fons of Ham ; Cufh, and
Mizraim, and Phut, and Canaan.
7 And the fons of Cufh ; Sheba, and
Havilah, and Sabtah, and Raamah, and
Sabtecha: and the fons of Raamah; Sheba,
and Dedan.
8 And Cufh begat * Nimrod : he
began to be a mighty one in the
earth. 9 He was a e mighty hunter before the
Lord : wherefore it is faid, Even as
Nimrod the mighty hunter before the
Lord.

Before Chrift
334-6-
b 1 Chr. 1. 5. to 7.
Ezek. 38. 2. 6, le."
& 27. 13. 19. If.
66. 19. From
thefe fpmng the
Gomenans, Tar
tars, Medes.
Greeks, Italians,
&c.
* They were
Greeks.

c Zeph. 2. 11. Jer.
25. 22. ISa. 42. 4.
& 49. I. & 6o. 9.
& 59. IS.

d I Chr. 1. 8. to 16.
& 4. 40. Pf. 10c.
aj. & ic6. 2%. Sc
78. 51. From
theie fpmng the
Ethiopians or
Cufhites, the -E.
gypiians, welt
Africans, and
Canaanites.

> I «. the Rebel,
Mic. 5. 6.
about 2218.

e Tcr. 16. 16. Ret.
17.6. Ezek. 13.
is. ch. 13. 13. &
6. 4. z Chi. 28,
22.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — Lord, what is man, that thou
fhouldeft be fo mindful of him and his concerns ! that thou fhouldeft
fo care for his welfare and his life ! that thou fhouldeft fo familiarly
covenant with him, and fo often repeat thy declarations for the
ftrengthening and confirmation of his faith ! May I always accept thy
favours with thankfulnefs, and obey thy commandments with cheer-
. ulnefs. But ah, how quickly do we forget his mighty works ! how
fearfully do the beft ftumble and fall, if the Lord uphold them not
mightily! How readily do fools trample on every tie of relation or
duty, in order to make a mock of fin ! But dreadful is the curfe, laft-
ing and extenfive the vengeance, which awaits thofe who contemn
and deride their aged parents; while bleffings fhall be on their
head who regard them, and cover their infirmities. But let me not
. bid adieu to the dying patriarch, till in him I contemplate the great
God my Saviour ! His name is a bed of reft, and fource of com
fort. He is the diftinguifhed favourite of Heaven. In the midft
of a crooked and perverfe generation he dared to be fingularly

Perfia and the countries about. In the eleventh century of the Chriftian reckoning,
the Seljukian Turks formed themfelves into the four kingdoms of Bagdad, Damafcus,
Aleppo, and Iconium, and quickly extended their dominion as far as the Indus.
Meanwhile Mahmud-Gazni, with an army of Tartars and others, invaded India, and
founded there a mighty empire which continued about two hundred years. In the
13th century Jenghiz Kan and his fons, with their Tartar troops, conquered the
greater part of Alia. The empires which they founded in China and in Perfia con
tinued about nine generations. In the beginning of the 15th century, TamerUin with
his Tartars overr.in great part of Afia, and founded an empire in Perfia, and another in
Weftern India, which ftill fubfifts under the Great Mogul. For about three hundred
years the Ottoman Turks have been mafters of Affyria, Syria, Canaan, and the
places about j while the Portuguefe, the Spaniards, the Englifti, the Dutch, the Danes,
and f rencb, have been rendering themfelves mafters of'illands or fettlcments, almoft
innumerable, in the Eaft Indies. Thus there i6 fcarce one fmgle country of note which
originally pertained to the offspring of Shem, but is nowpofiefied or governed by the
tntarged pofterity of Japheth, Arabian Hcjiaz excepted.
Multitudes too of the pofterity of Japheth in Afia and America, but chiefly in
Europe, have been persuaded of God to eAibrace the true religion and become his
church, ever fince the Jews were rejected. The far greater part of that race known

good : at once he gave an unblemiflied pattern of uprightnefs, and
boldly preached righteoufnefs in the great congregation. To him
mankind owe their recovery from ruin. By him the church is
gradually built up as the mean of our falvation, and his little flock
are rendered true members thereof.— Upon the favour of his fweet-
fmelling facrifice God hath promifed no more to curfe the ele£t,
With him and his feed is the new covenant infallibly eftablifhed;
and to them are the inheritance and rules of the new-covenant
ftate conferred. By him is the church, the vineyard of the Lord
of hofts, planted and cultivated ; and in his word is irreverfibly de
clared the everlafting fate of his profeffed feed. Behold how
thofe who love his perfon, and hide the infirmities of his faints, are
bleffed with all fpiritual bleffings! Behold how the curfe of fin
purfues both wicked Jews and carnal profeffors, who ftumble at
this corner-ftone, who turn his grace into licentioufnefs, and the
infirmities of his faints into ridicule ! and what everlafting ruin it
entails upon them ! '

to us do, and for many ages have, at leaft in word, made profeffion of the Chriftian
faith, while very few of the defendants of Shem or Ham have fo much as pretended
it. Nor do I remember that the Chriftian religion ever had a public eftabliihment
from one of them, the Abylfinians excepted.— What an exaft, an explicatory, and
.confirming counterpart is the whole providence of God to his word ! What underftand-
mgof the divine authenticity of the fcriptures, and of the love and faithfulnefs of
God, may I attain by a wife and careful oblervation thereof!
Chap. X. Ver. 5. Europe, LefTer Afia, and the iflands of the Mediterranean fea, are
thefe Jfl« of the Gentiles. The Jews called counties fuu.ttcd on the fea-iliorc, or parted
from their own by fea, isles, Jer. xlvii. 4. H,h. xxv. 22. To thefe I lies of the
Gentries the gofpel-promile s are peculiarly dintled, and on their inhabitants they Kavs
been peculiarly fulfilled ; Pfal. Ixxii. io. and xcvii. 1. If. xxiv. ic. xiii. 4, 10, 12.
xlix. 1. In 5. lx. 9. and Ixvi. 19. Zeph. ii. u. {£V.
Ver. 8, 9. Perhaps Nimrod firft made himfelf popular by hunting down the wild
beafts which began to infeft the country, and then openly, and without fear of God, he
uturped the government over his neighbours, and became fo cruel an oporelTor and
perfecutor, Ji-r xvi. 16. Lam. iv. iS. Eze>. xiii. 18. that his name became .a pro
verb of reproacn. Compare 2 Chron. xxviii. 22.

Noah's numerous poflerity.

CHAP. X. XI.

Before Chrift
2218.

*Ch Zech. 5. 1

10 And f the beginning of his kingdom
t"Mic.'S.6.jer.5o. was + Babel, and Erech, and Accad, and
tGr.B.M«,Mic. g Calneh, in the h land of Shinar :
4. 10. ua. 39- 1. „ Out of that land * went forth
^.'"i.t&i+i. Afhur, and builded '' Nineveh, and U the
city Rehoboth, and Calah,
to'j/,rt'. i2 And Refen, between Nineveh and
1 "Jon: \. \ ui'il- Calah : the fame is a great city.
, Z thefriiu .f 1 3 And + Mizraim begat k Ludim , and
thech,. ^ Anamim,andLehabim, and Naphtuhim,
Egyptians, &c. t ^ And * Pathrulim, and Cafluhim,
k,I2CjeT"46'.I9.' (out of whom came m Philiftim,) and
Ezek. JO. 5- >-, 1 . '
ur.n.n.ier.44. Caphtonm.
¦*¦ 1 5 % ' And n Canaan begat Zidon his
V7'.'Beut.'2.23. firft- born, ° and Heth,
* }S£%:»:1%. 1 6 And the Jebufite, and the Amorite,
.ch.15.18.t02,. and the Girgafite,
ll^fiiH: if And the Hivite, and- the Arkite,
MS. "m'34' and the Sinite,
p Ezek. 27. 8. Jofh.
18. 24. 2 Chr. 13.
4. If. 10.9. Ezek.
47. 16. 17- were the families of the Canaanites fpread
abroad.
^\Jf\o\?" 19 And q the*border of the Canaanites
jo'ih.'xiv'lxr,!5' was from Zidon, as thou comeft to Gerar,
•ha. am*. unt;o * Qaza . as thou goeft unto r Sodom,
and Gomorrah and Admah, and Zeboim,

18 p And the Arvadite, and the Zema-
rite, and the Hamathite : and afterward

even unto Lafhah.
* SMj-i 20 Thefe are the ? fons of Ham,- after
¦JfAiL.0-11 ' " their families, after their tongues, in their
countries, and in their nations.
2346. 2 1 % Unto Shem alfo, the father of all
the children of Eber, the brother of
Japheth the elder, even to him were
children born.
' 17C Aa^'7,. t0 22 The 5 children of Shem ; .Elam, and
i.^KiS Afhur, and Arphaxad, andLud, and Aram.
'§ELiff wi: - 2 3 -And the children of Aram; Uz,
a,t»"syrlni: and j.^ ancj Gether, and Mafh.
tHeb.jt.-w. 24. And Arphaxad begat + Salah; and
Salah begat Eber.

Reflections upon Chap. X. — How quickly God can repair
the moft remarkable breaches in external thing", and make
families increafe and fpread when he pleafeth. But alas! how
foon human pride, and luft of dominion, revive, notwithftand
ing the moft tremendous judgments of God upon them !
Neither flood-, -nor flames, nor fword, nor famine, nor pefti-
Iencc, but Jefus' blood and Spirit alone can extirpate our finful
inclinations. How infatiably do carnal men covet and grafp at

T'he world repeopled by them.
__ , , Before Chrift
25 ¦= And unto Eber were born two 2247.
fons : the name of one was Peleg ; for in t , chr. ^-j^-
his days was the earth divided ; and his
brother's name xvas Joktan.
26 And " Joktan begat Almodad, and "if"- *"¦ "
Sheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
27 And Hadoram, and Uzal, and
Diklah, 28 x\nd Obal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
29 And v Ophir, and w Haviiah, and v ]J??i\%.'sils-
Jobab : all thefe were the fons of Joktan. ,. , Sam. IS. 7. ch.
20 And their dwelling was + from ''"'
J net ^ In Arabia Felix.
Mefha, as thou goeft unto Sephar, a
mount of the eaft.
31 Thefe are the * fons of Shem, after *£&«
their families," after their tongues, in Alu' n
their lands, after their nations.
32 * Thefe are the families of the fons of * ei'V'i."'. %:
Noah, after their generations, in their
nations : and by thefe were the nations
divided in the earth after the flood.
CHAP. XI.
Already the feed of the ferpent, and the believing feed
of the woman, again diftinguijh themfelves. Here
is, ( I ) A joint attempt of Nimrod and the wicked
part of mankind to render themfelves famous ; and
rebellioufly to prevent their being fcattered on the
earth, by building a city and a tower — with the
Lord's difplay of his equity, wifdojn, and power, in
confounding their language, and obliging them to
flop their work, and fpread themfelves through the
world; I — 9. (2) The hiftory of the 'church and,
the progenitors of Chrift, particularly in the family
of Terah, who died after he fet out for Canaan, at
the commandment of God, to Abram his fon; 10 —
32, 224G.
ND the whole earth was of one * *.K<*-'* -
language, and of one "I" fpeech. + Hel>- ™rd<-
2 And it came to pafs, as they jour
neyed from the eaft, that they found a*™?. |: *f%*?\
plain in the land of + Shinar ; and they &}fc*;"'"'
dwelt there. ar™. t. n. pr.
3 And they faid one to another, a Go Z+n&.asiI^ I°-

power or property ! and the more .they have the more they hunt
after ! But let me remember, that all my hunting after thefe
vanities is againft, as well as before, the Lord. How often God
prefpers the wicked under his curfe, that he may ripen them for
deftrudtion, and prepare their wealth for his people ! But much
happier is it to be with Eber, a father of f.ii;it=, than to be with
Ham, a parent of ambitious and tyrannical hunters; or of nume
rous Canaanite", devoted to mifery and ruin.

Ver. 21. The children ofFlcrarc the Hebrews, who bring followers of him inhis
faith and hoiinefs, and the peculiar people of God from whom t!-e Mcl.iah fprung,
vac the principal defcendants of Shem, and thofe. on whom his blefiinj was chiefly

conferred; Num. xxiv. 24.  Whet nations thefe defcendants of Noah fo.iaod, a.-ii
what sountriesthey inhabited, may be fecn in ch. ix. 25 — 2-.
Cz

The building of Babel.

GENESIS.

Genealogy of Shem' s poflerity.

Before arm t0? let us make hnck, and burn them
bEx. i. H-&5-7. throughly. And they had b brick for

-18. 2 Sam. 12.

-lings _.
the eaft are gene
rally- of brick or
clay.

i^bSi'iiVtrf ft°ne» and flimte had they for mortar.
.4 And they faid, Go to, let us build
us a city and a tower, whofe top may reach
1 "38.&E9. £eut" c unto heaven ; and let us make us a name,
left we be fcattered abroad upon the face
of the whole earth.
* S'^'p";,1": 5 And the Lord d came down to fee
*»"»* "*¦"*¦¦ the city, and the tower, which the chil
dren of men builded.
1 m derir.on, as 6 And the Lord faid, I' Behold, the
i,%n;l8-27Ecc1- people is one, and they have all one

J1.9. language ; and this they begin to do :
and how nothing will be reftrained from
them, which they have imagined to do.
e2?.'if.6.8*3' 7 Go to, let f us go down, and there
fjobi2.2o.&5. f confound their language, that they may
«. 13. pi. 33. 10. a a ' j j
not underftand one another s fpeech.
ve.V' 9- Deut. g g0 the Lord g fcattered them abroad
from thence upon the face of all the earth :
and they left off to build the city.
9 Therefore is the name of it called
'?That is, tm/ufin. § Babel,» becaufe the Lord did there
If. xui. xiv. Jer. 7
ik™ Se forgtt confound the language of all the earth :
JefnL and<eainx and from thence did the Lord fcatter
new names to.. fl ir" /"111
r?ok!s' thcucfamC them abroad upon the face of all the
language went porffi
with one another. WctlLil.
ch. 10. 5. 20.31. iq «I h Thefe are the generations of
ll; Luk<r3-34- Shem : Shem was an hundred years old,
and begat Arphaxad two years after the
flood:
a346- 1 1 And Shem lived after he begat
Arphaxad five hundred years, and ' begat
ich.i.28.&9.7. fons and daughters.
cc 5. 4. PI. 127. 3. O
..-..* * & 144. 12 And Arphaxad lived five and thirty

3311.

2281.

years, and begat Salah i
13 And Arphaxad lived after he begat
Salah four hundred and three years, and
begat fons and daughters.
14 And Salah lived thirty years, and

begat Eber:

1 5 And Salah lived after he begat Eber
four hundred and three years, and begat
k , chr. ,. *. ch. fons and daughters.
,0.21.25. n™. l6 k And Eber lived four and thirty
2472.
f Called, Luke 3.
35. Phalec.

years, and begat + Peleg :
1 7 And Eber lived after he begat Peleg

Chap. XI. Ver. 5. God's coming down to fee their work denotes his manifefting

four hundred and thirty years, and begat
fons and daughters.
18 And Peleg lived thirty years, and
begat l Reu :
19 And Peleg lived after he begat Reu
two hundred and nine years, and begat
fons and daughters.
20 And Reu lived two and thirty years,
and begat m Serug :
2 1 And Reu lived after he begat Serug
two hundred and feven years, and begat
fons and daughters.
22 And Serug lived thirty years, and

Before Chrift
2'247>

2217.
1 Ragau, Luke 3. }£

2185.
m Luke 3. 35. Sm
ruch.

begat * Nahor

2155.
* An idolater, Jofh.
24.2.

23 And Serug lived after he begat
Nahor two hundred years, and begat fons

and daughters.

2I2t.
n Luke 3. 34.
Th»ra.

o Jofh. 24. 1. I Chr.
1. 26. ch. 12. 4. 5.
. fe

24 And Nahor lived nine and twenty
years, and begat n Terah :
25 And Nahor lived after he begat
Terah ajj hundred and nineteen years,
and begat fons and daughters.
26 And Xerah lived feventy years , and
0 begat Abram, Nahor, sand Haran.
27 ^F Now thefe are the genera- w + s-
tions of Terah : Terah begat Abram, l^6'
Nahor, and Haran ; and Haran begat
Lot. 28 And Haran died before his father
Terah in the land of his nativity, in * Ur 'T&ltg
of the Chaldees.
29 And Abram and Nahor took them
wives + : the name of Abram's wife was f H^'dSSS?
1 Sarai; and the name of Nahor's qC-™! !,7..s.*
wife rMilcah, the daughter of Haran, ,"f^aalc
the father- of Milcah and the father of ¦*'*
IfCah. « Sarai, Ceil. 20. 11,
30 But Sarai was * barren ; fhe had no "£ %"n.t
child. ,san",i'
31 *([ And Terah took Abram his fon, elr-»l6'
and Lot the fon of Haran his foil's fon,
and Sarai his daughter-in-law, his fon
Abram's wife; u and they went forth n "*¦ »• s- N°V
with them from Ur of the Chaldees, li^:"'
to go into the land of Canaan: and i*ch. 24.10. >5.*
they came unto v Haran, and dwelt §t*?3
fhprf1 ten Patriarchs is
1111.1 1^. not mentioned,
32 And the days of Terah were two *cr/muchlhor&
** J ..v.*>^ w,.v er than in chap-, t.

his notice of it in his deliberate and juft judgments upon them for it 5 ch. xviii. 20, 2i»

Abram called.

CHAP. XII.

He is bleffed., and enters Canaan.

Before Chrift
1921.

and Terah died

) Afls 7. 2, 3. Pf.
45. 10, 11. Luke
14.26. Heb. 11. 8
Neh. 9. 7. If. 41.

hundred and five years
in Haran. CHAP. XII.
Abram had begun to wander from his native foil, but
had Jiopt by the way. Here, (1) authorized by
the trying call, and encouraged by the promifes of
God, relative to the multiplication and bleffing of his
family, and the bleffing of all nations in Chrift his
feed, he and Lot his nephew, with their families,
remove from Haran in Mefopotamia to Canaan ;
whither the Lord welcomes him, and encourages him
amidft his bad neighbours, by a new vifit, and by a
a folemn grant of the country ; here therefore he builds
two altars for the fervice of God; 1 — 9. But, (2)
diftrufting the providence of God in a famine,
without afking counfel of the Lord, he retires into
Egypt; and there, doubting of the divine protection,
he and Sarai pretend to be brother and fifter: in
confequence hereof Abram is loaded with prejents, but
Sarai" s chaftity is endangered : till at laft the provi
dence of God, by plagues, convinced the king of the
truth, and difpofed him to reftore her to her hufband,
and fend them both in fafety out of his kingdom, with
all that they had; 10 — 20.
NOW the a Lord had faid unto
Abram, Get thee out of thy country,
and from thy kindred, and from thy father's
houfe, unto a land that I will fhew thee :

2 b And I will make of thee a great
nation, and I will blefs thee, and make
thy name great ; and thou flialt be a
blefling :
3 And c I will blefs them that blefs
thee, and curfe him that curfeth thee ;
and in thee fhall all families of the earth
be bleffed.
4 ^ So Abram departed, as the Lord
had fpoken unto him ; and Lot went with
him : and Abram zvas feventy and five
years old when he departed out of Haran.
5 And Abram took Sarai his wife,
and Lot his brother's fon, and all their
fubftance that they had gathered, and
the fouls that they had gotten in Haran ;
and they went forth to go into the land
of Canaan ; d and into the land of Canaan
they came.
6 % And Abram paffed through the
land unto the place of e Sichem, unto the
plain of Moreh. And the f Canaanite was
then in the land.
7 And the Lord appeared unto

Before Chrift
1921.
b Ch. 13. 16. & 15.
5. & 17. 5. & 18.
18. & 22. 17, 18.
& 26. 4. &'7. 29.
&.18. 3. 14. it 35.
11. & 46. 3. Ex.
I. 7. Num. 24. 9.
c Acts ;, 25. Gal. 3.
S. 16. Pf. 72. 17.
Eph. 1. 3. 1 Cor.
I. 30. Col. 3. 11.
Rev. 7. 9.

d To fojonrn there?
Afls 7. 4. Heb.
ii. 9. with ch. io.
19.

e Ch. 33. 18. Judg.
9. I. 1 Kin. 12. I.
John 4. 5.
f Ch. 10. 19. & IS*
18 to 21.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — How awful the pre-
fumption of finners, who dare attempt to withftand the known
command and purpofe of the Almighty ! Deeply fhould it
affedt us that we find the ferpent's feed fo harmonious and
active in wickednefs, while- the children of promife are fo
divided and irfatSive in hoiinefs ! But with equity and eafe
the Lord fruftrates the devices of the crafty, and turneth the
counfel of the froward headlong, -while he caufes men's finful
attempts towards fame and power effectually to ifiue in their
infamy and weaknefs. What a mercy that, as the confufion of
tongues effected the difperfion of mankind, the miraculous gift
of ;tongues contributed to fpread the gofpel, to gather finners to

Chap. XII. Ver. I. While Abram was in Ur of the Chaldees God appeared to him,
probably in human Ihape ; Acts vii. 2. as he did at leaft eight times afterwards; Gen. xii.
'8, 7. xiii. 3, 4. xv. i. xvii. 1. xviii. 1. xxi. 12. and xxii. 1,15. and called Jiim to leave
his country and his father's houfe, which for fome time paft had been infected with
idolatry; Jofh. xxiv. 2. 2 Cor. vi. 17. Rev. xviii. 4. If. xii. 2. Neh. ix. 7. He
readily furrendering all for the fake of Chrift, Pfal. xiv. 11. Luke xiv. 26. in obedi-'
ence to the divine command, and relying on his direction and protection, went forth,
not knowing whither the Lord intended to iead him ; Heb. xi. 8. But as they had
ftopt too long in Haran, I fuppofe .the call here mentioned was one which he received
¦anew after the death of his father.
Ver. 2. Abram was made a great nation. His pofterity by Ifhmael, by the fons of
-Keturah, and by Efau, were exceedingly numerous"; ch. xvi. 10. xvii. 20. xxi. 13.
xxv. 1 — 18. and xxxvi. Num. xxxi. Judg. vi. and vii. His feed of promife, by
Jacob, were as the ftars of heaven and the duft of the earth in multitude; ch. xiii. 16.
xv. 5. xxii. 17, xxviii. 3. 14. and xxxii. 12. Num. i. and xxiii. 10. Heb. xi. 12.
1 Chron. xxi. 1 Kings iv. 20. 2 Chron. xvii. Jer. xxxiii. 22. His fpiritual feed,
"followers of his faith and- obedience, are ftill more numerous, a multitude which no
man can number; Pfal. ii. 8,9. xxii. 27 — 30. Ixii. and xcviii. If. xiii. xlix. and lx.
Rev. vii. 4 — 9. and xi. 15. — All the fpiritual children of Jefus, his eminent feed, are
included herein; If. liii. 10 — 12. God bleffed Abram, (1) with the numerous
feed mentioned ; (2) with Canaan, as the future property of part of them ; (3) with
Chrift, as his eminent feed ; Gal. iii. 16; (4) with all fpiritual bleffings in Chrift;
Gal. iii. 14. with Eph. i. 3. Abram was a bleffing, (1) to his friends and fervants,
who were inftructed by him; Gen. xiv. 14. and xviii. 19; (2) to his pofterity,
¦who were bleffed for his fake; Exod. iii. 6 — 8. Lev. xxvi. 42. Gen. xvii. 20;
<8) to the world, as an eminent pattern of faith and hoiinefs ; Rom. iv. and as the

Jefus, and to build up his church throughout the earth ! Behold,
how the blefling of Noah begins to operate in the family of Shem,
and will do till after the afcenfion of Chrift ! How proper to
remark the providences of God in the names of our children, or
otherwife ! How precious are the faints, the church, in God's
fight ! They are allowed far more room in his infpired regifters
than all the world befides. If Terah, who fet out for Canaan,
died by the way, let me tremble, left, a promife being left me of
entering into God's reft, I fhould feem to come fhort of it ! —
tremble, left I fhould be almoft, but never altogether, a Chriftian !
not far from the kingdom of God, but never a true member thereof
here, or partaker of it hereafter !

progenitor of Chrift the Saviour; Gal. iii. 13, 16.  God did and will remarkably
befriend and profper the friends of Abram and his natural feed, but efpeeialiy of Jefus
Chrirt and his fpiritual feed; and did and will remarkably punifh their enemies; Jo/h.
ii. 9. Gen. xv. 13, 14. Exod. xvii. 8 — 16. Mat. x. 42. and xxv. 41 — 46.  All
the families of the earth are bleffed in Abram. He was of great fervice to the Canaan
ites in imparting revelation to fome of them, or in fetting before them all an engaging
example of virtue. His feed of promife, and efpecially his fpiritual feed, are ufeful on
that account, and have been and are ftill the means of the .profperity or protection of
nations ; If. vi. 13. and xix. 24, 25. Mat. xxiv. 22. But it is properly in his feed
(Chrift) that men are bleffed. Multitudes of nations receive much outward happinefs,
and the difpenfation of gofpel-ordinances, in confequence of his undertaking for his
people ; Mat. xxiv. 24. If. xxxv. xlix. lx. and vi. 13. And believers, gathered out
of all nations, are blefl'ed in him, with temporal, fpiritual, and eternal bleflings; Gal.
iii. 16. Ails iii. 25, 26. Eph. i. 3. Pfal. Ixxii. 17 — 19. If. xiv. 17, 25. Jt is eafy
to fee that the fubfequent promifes and threatenings, nay the doctrines and laws men
tioned in fcripture, are but an enlarged expofition of thefe two verfes; and the whole
fate of the Jewifh and gofpel church, nay of the faints in heaven and damned in hell,
are but one continued fulfilment thereof.
Ver. 7. For about four hundred and feventy years after, the Canaanites remained
fixed in the pofTeflion of Canaan ; during which time God, for the confirmation of his
people's faith, renewed this grant of their country, times almoft innumerable, to Abram
and his feed; Gen. xiii. 15. xv. 7, 18. xvii. S. xxii. 17. xxvi. 3. xxviii. 4, 13, 14.
xxxv. 12. xlvi. 4. xlviii. 21. and 1. 24. Exod. iii. S, 17. vi. 8. xii. 25. xiii. 5. and
xx. 12. Lev. xxv. 2. Deut. ii. 24. iv. i, 21. xi. 10, 17 — 31. xv. 4, 7. viii. 7, o.
and ix, 1. cFV. Canaan was granted as a pledge of heaven to him and his fpiritual
feed; Rom, ix. 6—3. Gal. iv. 22, 31.

Befir-e Clirift
I92.I.

g Ch. 13. 4. fee
ch. 8. 20.

Abram fojourns in "Egypt.
Abram, and faid, Unto thy feed will I
give this land : and there builded he an
g altar unto the Lord, who appeared unto
him. 8 And he removed from thence unto a
mountain on the eaft of h Beth-el, and
pitched his tent, having Beth-el on the
weft, and Hai on the eaft : and there he
builded an altar unto the Lord, and
called upon the name of the Lord.
KA.mgoin^nd ^ ^nd Abram journeyed, * going on
,;'tl"K5: ftill toward the fouth.
And there was- a 'famine in the

GE N E S I S.

He returns to Canaan.

h Ch. ;1. 19. Jofh.
7. 2. & 8. 17. a
18. j.z. Neh. II.
31. If. 10. 28.

¦3-

IO

i This was a new
trial of" hi-, faith,
S: I? }chnAd,6. land : and Abram went down into Egypt
33. pf. 34. 19,
k Ch. 26. 1. & 43
I. Ruth i, 1.
2 Sam. it. 1. t*
>Kin..8.2.2Kin. "
8. I. Jer. 14. 1.

1 Ver. 14. ch. 39.
Prov. 31. 30.

» I Sam. 27.
Prov. 2q. 25.
Mat. 10. 28.

B Rom. ,3- 6. 8. Col.

to fcjourn there ; for the k famine was.
grievous in the land.
1 1 And it came to pafs, when he was
come near to enter into Egypt, that he faid
unto Sarai his wife, Behold now, Iknow
that thou art'1 a fair woman to look upon :
12 Therefore it fhall come to pafs,
when the Egyptians fhall fee thee, that
they fhall fay, This is his wife : and they
m will kill me, but they will favethee alive.
13 n Say, I pray thee, thou art my

LLKj.tzet fifter ; that it may be well with me for

18.4.

about 1920.

thy fake : and my foul fhall live becaufe
of thee. 1-4 % And it came to pafs, that, when
Abram was come into Egypt, the Egyp-
*"&3'.68.'*'39' tians "beheld the woman, that fhe was
very fair.
"t^il'i'Kio'. 15 The p princes alfo of Pharaoh faw
1 2. hoi. 7. 4, 5. ^ ^ commended her before 1 Pharaoh :
q the king, ch. 40. 7
is^lcin.'ifi'.*' and the woman was taken into Pharaoh's
2 Kin. 18. 21. jer. i f
46- 17- home. ,16 And he entreated Abram well for
' li fy,\f her fake : and r he had fheep, and oxen,
.144. 13, 14. 1 / j

Before Chrift
I920.

and he-affes, and men-fervants, and maid-
fervants, and fhe-afles, and camels.
17 And the Lord *¦ plagued Pharaoh '£,?$*&. £
and his houfe with great plagues becaufe
of Sarai Abram's wife.
18 And Pharaoh called Abram, and
faid, f What h this that thou haft done lC^V°{A.
unto me ? Why didft thou not tell me %l!\'sXlk!°:
J . 19. 1 San. 14. 4J.
that fhe was thy wife r
19 Why faidft thou, She is my fifter ?
fo I might have taken her to me to wife :
now therefore behold thy wife, take her>
and go thy way.
20 And Pharaoh commanded his men
concerning him: and they u fent him u^;I,.srfJ;0^;j;
away, and his wife, and all that he had. I5'
CHAP. XIII.
Here (1) Abram, with great riches, returns to
Canaan, and by flow marches arrives at the altar
he had built near Beth-el, where he again folemnly
worfhips the Lord; I — 4. (2) While the Heathen
Canaanites and Perizzites retain the beft paftures,
Abram's and Lot's herdmen contend about the reft ;
but, by the prudence and condefcenfion of Abram, the
difference is compofed; 5 — 9. (3) In confequence
of this agreement, Lot, for the fake of fat paftuve,
retires among the wicked Sodomites, and Abram
removes further weftward into Canaan; 5— <). (4)
Abram is fcarcely deferted by Lot his nephew when.
God pays him a new vifit, gives him a new promife
of Canaan, and of a numerous feedr; in confequence
of which Abram retires fouthward to the plain of
JfAamre, where he ereSts another altar for the fervice
of God; 14 — -18.
ND Abram went up out of Egypt, About i9is.
he, and his wife, arid all that he had,

and Lot with him, into the a fouth.
2 And Abram was b very rich
cattle, in filver, and in gold.
2 And he went on his iournies from b ™:£'ii£. ?«'
, ** r , -nil 11 I Tim. 4.8. Prov.
the fouth, even to Beth-el, unto the place i*™-,^.1-5.

a Of Canaan, ch. U.
9. & 20. 1. Sc 21.
33. Join. 10.40.
in & 18. 5- 1 Sam.
27. 10. 2 Sam. 24.
.7- . .
b Ch. 24. 35* Pro?.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — How ready and cheerfu
ought our obedience to be, when God plainly calls and
powerfully encourages to it ! What fecrets of his covenant
and providence does the Lord manifeft to fuch as fear him !
And with what earneftnefs. ought they to do good to all around
them ! Surely no difcoiiragement, or apparent enemy, fhould
ever make us to diftruft the promife or protection of fuch a God !
How gracious, frequent, and familiar, are the v i fits of God to
fuch as remember him in all their ways! May his kindnefs attach
my heart to his fervice, as the f rft, the principal part, the all, of

Ver. 8. Abram called on Gid, i. e. worfiVpped him by prayer, by preaching
to his family, and by offering facrifices for himfelf and them; ch. xviii. 19. and
xxi. 13.
Ver. 13. Sarai was his fifter in fome fmfe, as Lot wss his brother; ch. xiii. $. and
xiv. 12, 14. being his father's grand-daughter; ch. xi:. 12. and xi. 29,; but it was

my bufinefs in life ! Let no earthly enjoyment, no not a land
flowing with milk and honey, be the portion of my cup ; hut
Jehovah himfelf, and the Canaan above, where wants are never
known ! Never let me, for the fake of" carnal relief or advantage,
quit the place or the ftation in which God hath fixed riie without
his plain warrant. If I prefume to direct my own way, or chufe
out my own lot, let me dread fnares to my confeience, ajnd
plagues upon my concerns ! If in fuch cafes the Lord hath ever
granted me deliverance, let me bewail my folly, aad praife hiili
for the fovereignty of his grace !

not in that f.nf", but in the common acceptation of the words, filter and brother, they
finfully wifhed the Egyptians to underftand them.
Ver. 17. Thus the Lord rebuked the king; ordered him not to touch his anointed,
or to do his prophets any harm; Pfal. cv. 14, 15; and punifhed his intended whoredom
- fuch diftempeis as prevented the defilement ef Sara", perhaps with a kind »f

-ith

crnrods; ch. xx. 18. 1 Sam. v. 10.

Lot and Abram feparate.

CHAP. XIII. XIV.

God' s promife to Abram.

Before Chrift
1918.

cSee ch. 12. 7. 8.

d Pf. 107. I. 8, 15.
& 65. I, 2. Eph.
6. 15, 19. ch. 4.
16. If. 5»-9-
About 1915.
e Servants dwelling
in tents, Jer. 49.
29.
fCh. 36. 6. & 16.
18, 21.

{ Ch. II. 25. Ex. 2.
17. jam. 4. 1. 8c
3. 16. Tit. 3. 3.
k Ch. 12. 6. & 10.
19. & IS. 18—21.

i 1 Cor. 6. 7. Heb.
12. 14. Mat. 5. 9.
Prov. 15. I. jam.
3. 17, 18.

* Heb. men breihrtn.

kCh. 19. 17. If. 51.
3. Ezek. 28. 13.
&31. 8. Joel 2. 3

I Ch. 14. 2. & 19.
20, 22. Deut. 34,
3. If. IJ. 5. Jer.
48. 34.
About 19 1 5.

where his tent had been at the beginning,
between Beth -el and Hai ;
4 Unto the c place of the altar, which
he had made there at the firft : and
d there Abram called on the name of the
Lord. 5 % And Lot alfo, who went with
Abram, had flocks, and herds, and e tents.
6 And the f land was not able to bear
them, that they might dwell together :
for their fubftance was great, fo that thev
could not dwell together.
7 And there was a gftrife between the
herdmen of Abram's cattle and the herd-
men of Lot's cattle. And the h Canaanite
and the Perizzite dwelled then in the
land. ( 8 And Abram faid unto Lot, * Let
there be no 'ftrife, I pray thee, between
me and thee, and between my herdmen
and thy herdmen ; for we be * brethren.
9 Is not the whole land before thee ?
Separate thylelf, I pray thee, from me : if
thou wilt take the left hand, then I will
go to the right ; or if thou depart to the
right hand, then I will go to the left.
10 ^[ And Lot lifted up his eyes, and
beheld k all the plain of Jordan, that it
was well watered every where, before the
Lord deftroyed Sodom and Gomorrah,
even as the garden of the Lord, like the
land of Egypt, as thou comeft unto1 Zoar.
1 1 Then Lot chofe him all the plain of
Jordan ; and Lot journeyed eaft : and they
feparated themfelves the one from the
Other. 12 Abram dwelled in the land of
Canaan, and Lot dwelled in the cities of the
plain, and pitched his tent toward Sodom.
13 But the men of Sodom were

m wicked, and finners before the Lord
exceedingly. J4 "

Before Chrifl
in Ch. 18. 20. & 19.
And the Lord faid unto Abram, |tf^ «• '
after that Lot was feparated from him, %l1?;fi,\l;l0.
Lift up now thine eyes, and look from the- 27" j»° if™. '"
place ' where thou art northward, and 4-'3-i>-3-9-
fouthward, and eaftward, and weftward : cl"lz.l ttff'
1 5 For n all the land which thou feeft, n |fd
to thee will I give it, and to thy feed °
for ever.
16 And I p will make thy feed as the pch. «. 2. &,?
J r 5. cc 17. 6, 16. &
duft of the earth : fo that if a man can
number the duft of the earth, then fhall
thy feed alfo be numbered.
1 7 Arife, walk through the land in
the length of it and in the breadth of it ;
for I will give it unto thee.
1 8 Then Abram removed his tent, and
came and dwelt in the + plain of Mamre, tHeb.y™,.
which is in Hebron, and q built there an i^m-^- *
altar unto the Lord.

on ch. 12. 7,
26. 4. Deut.
34- 4-
o Sec ch. 17. 7, 8.

18. 18. &22. 17.
& 26. 4. 8c 28. 3.
14. & 32. 12. &

Kin.

3S-. 11. &46. 3.
Exod. 1. 7. 1K1
4. 20. 1 Chron.
21. 5. 2 Chron.
17. 14—18. Gen.
xxv. 8c xxxvi,
8c 17. 20. &21.
13. Judg. 6. 3, 5.

Pfal. 16.8. i Tim.
2. li.

CHAP. XIV.,
Noah's curfe on Canaan takes effeil, and Lot finds reafon
to repent his carnal choice of his dwelling. Here
are, ( I ) Five kingdoms of Canaan reduced to
fervitude by the Elamite defendants ef Shem, and
the neighbouring countries greatly ravaged; l — 1 1 .
(2) Informed that Lot his nephew had fhared in
their fate, was f ripped of his fubftance, and carried
off a prifoner, Abram arms his own fervants, and
with thefe and fome allies routs the conquering army,
recovers Lot, with the reft of the captives, and the
fpoil; 12 — 16. (3) In his return he is folemnly
bleffed by Melchizedck, an extraordinary prieft of
God, and his fatigued troops are feafted and
refrejhed; while he, in his generoflty, refufeth to take
¦ for himfelf any part of the fpoil, though the tvhole of
it is offered to hi?n ; 17 — 24.

About 19 1 3.

ND it came to pafs, in the days of aCh

2. Zech. 5. 11.
If. ii. 11.

Amraphel king of a Shinar, Arioch
king of b Ellafar, Chedorlaomer king ofbIf"^
c Elam, and Tidal king of nations ;
2 'That thefe made war with Bera king;

c Ch. 10. 22. Ifa.
21. 2. 8c 22. 6. &
II. 11. Jer. 49. 34.
to 39.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII.— Mark, my foul, what a
load, what an occafion of ftrife, the riches of this world
are ! And how finful and imprudent it is, for the children
of God to indulge contention before a carnal generation !
Better to be lofers in outward things, than ftrivers about them !
Ne-, er let me dare to mingle myfelf with monfters of wick-
ednefs for the fake of carnal advantage, left, where I expect a

paradife, I fhould find a hell ! If, by yielding for the fake of peace, I
iubmit myfelf to the worft, hew vifits from God, new promifes, and
new furveys of the Canaan above, will more than make up my
lofs. Meanwhile, wherever I go, let me fet the Lord always
before me, and attend to his worfhip and fervice as my principal
employ; then fhall his bleffing go with me, and render every
change on earth a pleafing earned: of the promifed inheritance.

Chap. XIII. Ver. 7. It was not proper tbefe heathens fhould he fcandalized by a ftrife "- by the way." Acts vii. 26. " Ye are brethren, why do ye wrong one to another?"
betweenfuch as were brethren bothbynaruralrelationandbyprofeffionof thetrue religion. — Rom. xii. 10. Eph. iv. 3. t Theff. iv. 9. Heb. vi. 10. 1 Pet. i. 22. ii. 17. iii. 8.
Ver. 8. Pf. cx^xiii. 1, 2, 3. " Behold how good and how pleafant it is for brethren and iv. 8. 2 Pet. i. 7. 1 John ii. 9, 11. iii. 14 — 19. and iv. 7, 20, 21.
" to dwell together in unity!" Heb. xiii. 1. " Let brotherly love continue." Gen. Ver. 17. Abram's furvvy of Canaan wi. a mean of frrengthening his faith, and of
*rv. 24, «< He fent his brethren away— and faid unto them, See that ye fall not out | enabling him to difcern the glories of heaven therein reprefented.

Lot taken
Before Chrift
d Ch. 10. 19. & \z.
10. & 19. 20. 117
I. 9, 10. Hof. 11.
8. This is the
firft war we read
of. .

GENESIS.

e Ver. 3, 10. ch. 19.
24. Num. 34. 12.
Deut. j. 7 * '
3. 16.
f Ch. 9. 25, 26.

Joih!

f Or giants, Deut.
a. 11, 20, 22.
2 bam. 5. 10, 22
g peut. z. 10, 11.
|| Or, the flain of
Kiriathaha.
h Ch. j5. aa. to 30
I Chr. I. 38 — 42
ch. 16. 7. & 21
21.
$ Or, the plain ef
JParan.

5 Ch. 16. 14. & 20.
1. Deut. 1. 19. 46.
Num. 20. 1.
fc Ex. 17. 8. Num.
14. 45. 1 5am. 15
& 2.7. & 30.

I % Chr. 20.
47. 8. 9.

» Ver. i.eh. 19.
20, 22. fee ch. 13

ft See ver. 3, 10.
fi Sec ver. 1.

p Ch. 11. 3.
jj Jofh. 8. 24. Pf. S3
10. Ii". 24. 18. Jer,
4's. 44. 4.010$ 5. 9

j Deut. 28. 31. 35-
3Ch. ij. 27. & 13-
11. Rev. iS. 4
Mum. 16. 20>

prifoner. of d Sodom, and with Birfha king of d Go
morrah, Shinab king of d Admah, and
Shemeber king of d Zeboiim, and the king
of Bela, which is Zoar.
3 All thefe were joined together in the
e vale of Siddim, which is the fait fea.
4 Twelve years they f ferved Chedor
laomer, and in the thirteenth year they
rebelled. 5 And in the fourteenth year came
Chedorlaomer, and the kings thatwer^ With
him, and fmote the + Rephaims in Afhte-
roth-Karnaim, and the Zuzims in Ham,
and the g Emims in H Shaveh-Kiriathaim,
6 And the h Horites in their mount
Seir, unto § El-paran, which is by the
wildernefs. •7 And they returned, and came to
Enmifhpat, which is i Kad'efh, and fmote
all the country of the k Amalekites, and
alfo the Amorites that dwelt in 1 Haze-
zon-tamar. 8 And there went out . the king of
Sodom, and the king of Gomorrah, and
the king of Admah, and the king of Ze
boiim, and the king of Bela (the m fame is
Zoar;) and they joined battle with them
n in the vale pf Siddim ;
9 ° With iChedoirlaomer the king of
"Elam, and with Tidal king of nations, and
Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch
sking of Ellafar ; four kings with five.
10 And the vale of Siddim was full of
p flime-pits ; and the kings of Sodom and
. Gomorrah fled, and q fell there : and they
that remained fled to the mountain.
1 1 And they took all the goods of
Sodom and Gomorrah, and all 'their
1 victuals, and went their way.
1 2 % And they took s Lot, Abram's
' brother's fon,. (who dwelt in Sodom,) and
his goods, and departed.

Refcued by Abram.

.Chap. XIV. Ver. 18. Who this Melchizedec was, this prieft of God among the Ca
naanites, greater than Abram the friendofGod, who were his parents or his fucceffors,
is on purpofe concealed by the Holy Ghoft. And hence he is wjthout father or mother,
predeceffor or fucceffor, in hiftorical account, in order that he -might typify the incom-
prehenfible dignity, the .amazing pedigree, and unchangeable duration, of Jefus Chrift
opr great High Prieft. Heb. vi. 20. " Jefus was made an high prieft after the order
" of Melchizedec." And v. 6, 10. Pfal. ex. 4. Heb. vii. 1 — 24. u For this Mel-
" ehizedec, king of Salem, and prieft of the moft high God, met Abraham returning
" from the llaughtcr of the kings, .and bleffed him ; to. whom alfo Abraham gave a
" tenth part of all the fpoil: .firft being Melchizedec, whhh is, hy interpretation, king
" of righteoufnefs ; and after that ajfo king of Salem, which is king of peace: with-
" out father, without mother, mentioned in hiftory, without genealogy, having neither
" beginning of days, nor end of life,, recorded in fcripture bat made like unto the Son

Before Chrift
t Job 1. 15. 1 Sam.
4. iz.
u Ch. 13. 18.
* Or, Emorite, ch.
10. 16.

12, 16.
% Or, led forth, IP
ti. 2. Pf. (58. 12.
¦" 45- 3. 4> 5-
II Or, inflrutled.
w Judg. 18. 29. &
20. 1. the north.
eaft corner of
Canaan.

r\f x north of it, ch,
ul ¦' 2. 1 Kin. 15.

13 And there came one that had
' efcaped, and told Abram the Hebrew ;
for u he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the
* Amorite, brother of Efhcol, and brother
of Aner : and thefe were confederate with
Abram. 14 ^[ And when Abram heard that his
v brother was taken captive, he * armed rjZ*S.f%
his I' trained fervants, born in his own
houfe, three hundred and eighteen, and
purfued them unto w Dan.
15 And he divided himfelf againft.
them, he and his fervants, by night, and
fmote them, and purfued them unto
Hobah, which is on the x left hand
Damafcus. 1 6 And he y brought back all the goods, 7^.4i:,l'. <SM1*
and alfo brought again his brother Lot,
and' his goods, and the women alfo, and
the people,
1 7 And the
to meet him (after his return from the
flaughier of Chedorlaomer, and of the
kings that were with him) at the valley
of Shaveh, which is the d king's dale.
1 8 And b Melchizedec king of Salem
brought forth bread and wine : and he
was the prieft of the moft high God.
19 And he c blefled him, and faid, <=
Bleffed be Abram of the moft high God,
poffeffor of heaven and earth :
20 And d bleffed be the moft high God, <>f'-£
who hath delivered thine enemies into
thy hand. And he gave him
all.. 2 1 ^f And the king of Sodom faid unto
Abram, Give me the + perfons, and take + "'k^''-
the goods to thyfelf.
22 And Abram faid to the king of So
dom, fI have lifted up mine hand unto 4°°i&n. ," ' .**'
the Lord, e the moft high God, the
poflefibr of heaven and earth,

king of Sodom went out

2 Prov. 19. 4. & 14.
20.

a Not that 2 Sam,
18. 13.

b Heb. 7. I to 21.
& c. 6, 10.&6.
20. Pf.

. 6, 10.&6.
Pf. no, 4.

Pf. 71. 17, 19.
Heb. 7. i, 7.

72.18,19.

26. Pf. 6$.

titheS Of e Heb. 7.4, 6.
Rom. 15. 16.

£

cv. 10. 5, 6.
g Pf. 83. 18. & 14.
1. & uj. 16. ii;
57- 15- ~
35-

Dan. 4.

" of God, who abideth a prieft continually. — Confider how great this man was unto whom
" even Abraham gave the tenth of the fpoils — and who blefled him that had the pM-
" mifes. And, without all contradiction, the lefs is blefled of the greater.  Levi,
" who received tithes, paid tithes in Abraham. — After the fimilitude of Melchizedec
" there arifeth another prieft, even Jefus, who is made, not after the law of a carnal
" commandment, but after the power of an endiefs life— and, becaufe he continueth
".ever, hath an unchangeable priefthood."
Ver. 22. In matters of importance it is fometimes neceffary to interpofe an oath
for the confirmation of our afi'ertions or engagements ; Heb. vi. 13  17. ch. xxi. 31.
xxvi. 31. and xxxi. 53. I Sam. xx. 17. Num. v. 21. Exod. xxii. 11. 1 Kings viii. 31.
2 Chron. vi. 22. &c. All oaths are to be fwom by God alone, and import a taking
of him to witnefs the truth of what we declare or engage, and calling him to avenge
himfelf upon, tu if we utter falfehood or negleft to perform our engagements ch.

God renews his promife,

CHAP. XV,

and confirms it by ajign.

Before Chrift
'9'3
k Eft. 9. 13, 16.
X Kin. 5. 16.

I Prov. 3. 27. Rom.
13. 7, 8. Mat. 7.
ia,

23 That h I will not take from a thread
even to a fhoe-latchet, and that I will not
jKini/j'.^Hcb. take any thing that is thine, left thou
ftiouldeft fay, I have made Abram rich :
24 ' Save only that which the young
men have eaten, and the portion of the
men which went with me, Aner,.Efhcol,
and Mamre ; let them take their por
tion.
CHAP. XV.
( I ) To reward Abram's generous refcue of his friend,
aftd refufal of the Sodomites wealth, God, "unafhed, in
a vifion of the night, declares himfelf his fhield, and
his exceeding great reward; r. (2) At his define,
he gives him a more exprefs promife of a numerous
feed, which he firmly believes; 2-**-6. (3) Upon
his requeft, God grants him a Jign for confirming
the grant of Canaan to his feed; and intimates that,
after four hundred years of unfettled condition, they
fhould take poffeffion of it ; and fates the extent of
their property there ; 7 — 2 1 .
^'.cSan. A FTER thefe things the word of
io. \7.tJ^\. A\. the Lord came .unto Abram in a
bExoao'?4&if s' a vifion, faying, Fear not, b Abram '. I
1 Chron. 28. 20.
If. 35.4. & 41.
jo, 13. & 43*1, 5.
& 44. 2, 8. Heb.
13. 5.
t Pf. 127. 3. <£. 30.
2. & 25. 21.
1 Sam. 1. 11.

4 Hum. 1 Sam.

am thy fhield, and thy exceeding great
reward. 2 And Abram faid, Lord God, c what
wilt thou give me, feeing I go childlefs,

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — How dreadful is the curfe
«f God ! After four hundred years refpite, it breaks forth upon
the finners of Sodom, and the places about. -=-From what diftant
quarters does God bring the executioners of it .''—How fhort-
lived is that pleafure or quiet, which faints attempt to procure by
unneceffary connexions with wicked men ! — How becoming and
God-like to forget the injuries which we have received ; and to
rifk, or even to- lay down, our lives for the brethren I What
honour — what comfort- — what bleffings — attend fuch a conduct !
-~ — But in this Melchizedec, king of Salem, and prieft of the
Moft High God, let me behold Him who is a prieft for even-'-
Jefus, without father as man; without mother as God ;— the
Lord from heaven ! He is King of Righteoufnefs.'— In his obe
dience and fuffering he made reconciliation for iniquity, and

xxxi. 53. Deut. vi. 13. and x. 20. If. xiv. 23. and lxv. 16. Jer. xii. 16. Pfal. lxiii. ii.
Heb. vi. 13 — 17. — In fome'eafes, the putting of the hand of the inferior under the
thigh of his fijperior was the declaratory fign ufed in fwearing ; ch. xxiv. 9. and xlvii. 29;
but lifting up of the hand was the common fign; Exod. xvii. 16. Deut. xxxii. 40.
Dan. xii. 7. Rev. x. 5, 6.
r
Chap. XV. Ver. 1. Fjearnot; indulge no flavifn or exceffive terror on account of
thine enemies, wants, or dangers; or on account of the awful appearances of God;
If. xliii. I. and xii. io. Mat. xxviii. 5. Rev. i. 18. I am thy fhield, infallibly to
protect thee; Pfal. iii. 3. .lxxxi-v. 11. and xci. 4; and thy exceeding great but gracious
reward of thy piety and love, giving myfelf, in all thai 1 am and have, to thee, as
thine everlafting all and in all; Prov. xi. iii. Pfal. xix. 11. xvi. 5, 6. and cxlii. 5.
Deut. xxxiii. 26 — 29. If. xii. 10. 1 Cor. iii. 22. and xv. 28, 58. Col. ii. 9, 10.
Ver. 2, 3. "What avails it what outward comforts be promifed me, fo long as I have
ho child of my own, but only this Syrian fen-ant, to be my heir.
Ver. 8 — 17. Moved by-the Spirit of God, he aflced this fign. — The beafts he pre
sented to God were emblems of his feed : — the.heifer prefigured them in their patience,
-labour, and pronenefs to backfliding; Hof. iv. 16; the goat in their mifchlevoufnefs
and luft; Jer.v.7,8; the ram in their ftrength and fortitude; Num. xxiv. 8, 9 ; the
denies in their fimplicity and harmlefl'nefs, in their pureft ftate; Pf. Ixxiv. 19. The
dfoijim of the four-footed animals (1) reprefented the torn condition of his fesd, by
Vol. I,

Before Chrift
1911.

2 Sam. 7. 12. ch-
17. 16. & 21. u

and the fteward of my houfe is this Eli-
ezer of Damafcus ?
3 And Abram faid, d Behold, to me d™^.Vn1' ,;'.,?
thou haft given no feed : and, lo, e one ^ l°'^i6r
, . \ r ' • 1 cCh. 14. 14. Eccl. 2.
born in my houfe is mine heir. 7- rr°v. 30. n-
4 % And behold the word of the Lord
came unto him, faying, This fhall .not be
thine heir; but f he that fhall come forth f
out of thine own bowels fhall be thine
heir. 5 And he brought him forth abroad,
and faid,' Look now toward heaven, and
tell the ftars, if thou be able to number
them : and he faid unto him, g So fhall s^
thy feed be.
6 % And he h believed in the Lord: •> ^ Rom. 4. 3.
,1 .. ,.-., Gal. 3. 6. Jaou
and he counted it to him for nghteOuf- *-zi-
nefs. 7 % And he faid unto him, I am the
Lord i that brought thee out of Ur of ic>x!ii'.&^
the Chaldees +, to give thee this land to
inherit it.
8 And he faid, Lord God, k whereby kjuag. 6,17, 3&^
fhall I know that I fhall inherit it ? ^vO''*e*' 18. Pi. 86. 17.
9 And he faid unto him, Take me an
heifer of three years old, and a fhe-goat

12. 2. ti
Rom. 4. 1S1

i. Neh. 0.7.
7. 3, 4. Heb. 11. Hi
t See ch. 12. 7. 8c
'i-'S'J.1,1!.
105. II. Neh. 9. ft

brought in an everlafting righteoufnefs : in righteoi*fnefs he rules
his fubje£rs, and caufeth them to work righteoufnefs .WHe is King'
of Peace. ^-By his blood he purchafed our peace with God, with
our confeience, and with one another : in his interceffion he
pleads for it ; and by his'word and fpirit he effedrs it. He is our
incomparable High Prieft, who received not his office from any
creature, noi" leaves it to another. In and by him we are bleffed
of God with all fpiritual and everlafting bleffings : and with his
bread arid wine, prefented in the gofpel, his flefh, which is meat
indeed, and his b)oods which is drink indeed, he refrefheth our
fouls, while we are engaged in and after our warfare v, ith fin,
Satan, the world, and death. And to him is due, from every
minifter and faint, the voluntary tithes of everlafting praife.

the divifion of their kingdom, &c. 1 Kings xi. 12, 13; (2) ratified the covenant
made with him and his feed, in God's palling between the pieces, in the fymbol of
the burning lamp. — The pieces being laid over againft one another importea that God
would in due time join the feparated and fcattered Hebrews into one body; Ezek.
xxxvii. 15 — 22. The fowls, which attempted to light on the pieces, denoted the
Egyptians, and other enemies of Ifrael, which ftiould in vain attempt to devour them;
Ezek. xvii. 3) 7, 12. The horror of great darknefs, which fell upon Abram, fignified
their great dnlrefs and vexation in Egypt* and under their fubfequent oppreffors; Pfal;
lv. 3 — 5. Dan. x. 8, 9 ; and hence they are like to a bulb, burning, and not confumed;
Exod. iii. 2, 3. The burning lamp denoted their manifeft and joyful deliverance;
Judg. vi. 21. If. Ixii. 1; the fmok'mg furnace their affliftion in Egypt; Deut. iv. 20.
Jer. xi. 4.  Abram went to his fathers in death, his foul to the world of fpirits,
and his body to the grave, where they were gone before him; Heb. xii. 23. Eccl. xii.
7. ch. xxv. 8, .17. and xlix. 29.^ Num. xx. 24. and xxvii. 13. Judg. ii. 10. 1 Chron.
xxiii. 1. and xxix. 28. Job xiii. 17. Jer. viii. 2. And it was in peace, without
rernarkable trouble; and in peace with God, with his own confeience, and with his
neighbours; Pfal. xxxvii. 37. If. lvii. 2. 2 Kings xxii. 20. It was alfo in a good eld
age; when he was full of years, weary of this world, and ready and longing for heaven;
yet free from many of the infirmities of old age, and falling like ripe fruit in the time
of gathering; ch. xxv, 8. I Chron. xxix. it. Job v. 2-6.
D

God's grant of Canaan renewed.

GENESIS.

Hagar becomes Abram s concubine.

Before Chrift
1911.

of three years old, and a ram of three
years old, and a turtle-dove, and a young
pigeon. 10 And he took unto him all thefe,
and divided them in the midft, and laid
each piece one againft another ; but the
birds divided he not.
And when the fowls came down
the carcafes Abram drove them

11
upon
away 12

going

I Ch. 2. 21. 1 Sam,
26. 12. Job 4. 13.
& 33. iy.

f" And when the fun was
down a ' deep fleep fell upon Abram ; and
lo, an horror of great darknefs fell upon
him. 1 3 And he faid unto Abram, Know of
"i^j. Mb: »? a furety m that thy feed fhall be a {banger
t-£-5E%%.. £ in a land that is not theirs, and fhall
ferve them ; and they fhall afflicl: them
four hundred years :
»ch.46.Exoj.vii. 1 a And n alfo that nation, whom they
to xiv. & iz. ii-, * . 1 r 1
£',m££"'.*1 {hall ferve, will I judge : and afterward
p£Xn1:iZ {hall they come out with great fubftance.
, ch-lt 89' j*!"' 1 5 And thou ° ^alt S° to thy fathers in
peace ; thou fhalt be buried in a good old

26.

age.

* ETeazer and Caleb
were the fourth

1 6 But in the * fourth generation they
SrJ&effc" fhall come hither again : for the iniquity
— .**w- of the Amorites is not yet full.
^ 1 7 And it came to pafs, that when the
fun went down, and it was dark, behold
•t ha. «;«*?/«. a fmokmg furnace, and + a burning lamp
that pafled between thofe pieces.
1 8 In that fame day the Lord made
'&'|'Z &'.7.| a covenant with Abram, faying, p Unto
OC20. 4, 13, 14. oC , 1 ¦ 1 1 /"* 1
4i:'i'.&4so4'2t thy feed have I given this land, from the
I£&l£*£ river of Egypt unto the great river, the
II. Deut. I. 9. & . cv r <->
li/ii^cih'.2,^ river Euphrates :
T*&&«Z 1 9 The Kenites, and the Kenezites,
23CU,'',.31vft'h *. ' and the Kadmonites,
10. IS— 19.  ^ 

Before Chrifl
1911.

20 And the Hittites, and the Periz-
zites, and the Rephaims,
21 And the Amorites, and the Ca
naanites, and the Girgafhites, and the
Jebufites. CHAP. XVI.
Juft now we had the divine promife of a numerous feed
to the patriarch. Here we 'have, ( I ) An unhallow
ed attempt to haft en the fulfilment, iffuing in contempt
and wrath to Sarai the advifer ; in reproach and grief
to Abram the rafh compiler ; and in hardfhip and flight
to Hagar, who finfully confented to be the means of
jti 1 — 6. (2) The Angel Jehovah's direction of
Hagar to a dutiful return and fubmiffion to her mif-
trefs, and his preditlion of the temper and fate of
her child and his defcendants; 7— 12. (3) Ha
gar' s obfervation of the divine vifit, and the birth
of her child in the eighty'-fixth year of Abram's life ;
13—16.
NOW Sarai Abram's wife bare him
no children : and fhe had an
a handmaid, an Egyptian, whofe name a^^*£
was Hagar.
2 And Sarai faid unto Abram, Behold
now the Lord hath b reftrained me from bch.w.is.&
bearing : I pray thee go in unto my
maid ; it may be that. I may * obtain "gViTO
children by her. And Abram c hearkened c^"^
unto the voice of Sarai.
3 And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar
her maid, the Egyptian, after Abram had
dwelt ten years in the land of. Canaan,
and gave her to her hufband Abram to
1 1 ' r\ ' C d Concubine.
be his wife, ch. 25. 6.
4 ^[ And he went in unto Hagar, and
fhe conceived : and, when fhe faw that
fhe had conceived, her miftrefs was e de- error. j«jo,mi
fpifed in her eyes.
5 And Sarai faid unto Abram, My
wrong be upon' thee : I have given my
maid into thy bofom ; and, when fhe faw

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — Bleffed indeed are they
whofe God is the Lord ! There is no wo, no want, to them
that fear him ! How happy the iilue of familiar intimacy with
God ! Before they call he anfwers ; and whilft they are yet
fpeaking he faith, Here I am. Scarcely will he do any thing
important without revealing his fecrets to them. — How he con-
defcends to our weaknefs, ia giving us figns in ordinances, figns
in providence, for the confirmation of our faith in his promifes !

Ver. 16. Iniquity is full, when it is arrived at fuch a number of afts, fuch a degree
of aegi-avation, and time of continuance, that God, in confidence with his purpofe or
bono"ur, can no, longer forbear to punifh it; Jer. li. 13. Dan. viii. 23. Joel iii. 12.
Mat. xii. 32. 1 ThefT. ii. i5.
Ver. 18. • Through their floth and wickednefs, they never, but in the reign of
David 'ani Solomon, poffeffed the whole territory here affignad them ; Judg, i. ii, "'
and iv. with a Sam. viii. and x. I Kings iv. 23, 24

2 Chron. ix. 26.

 But even his chief favourites muft often wait long for the
beginning or the full accomplifhment of thefe promifes ; and
through manifold trials it muft be obtained. Meanwhile, thenj
let me wait with patient expectation ; and, with the patriarch,
look beyond a numerous feed, and an earthly Canaan, to Jefus;
and the travail of his foul, and to the better country above ; the
everlafting pleafures of which fhall more than balance all the dif-
couragements lean meet with by the way.

Ver. 19, 20. It feems the Kenites, Keniz2ites, Kadmonites, and Rephaims, had
either been moftly extirpated before the time of Mofes, or were blended with the feven
nations which he mentions; Deut. vii. 1, 17 — 24. Ex.xxiii.23. xxxiii. 2. and xxxiv, 1 1.
Chap. XVI. Ver. 5. Since you indulge your concubine in her contempt pf me, may
God plead my caufe, and avenge the injury done to me on both you and her; iSam. xxiv.
12, 15. Gen. xxxi. 53. Exod. v. zi. Deut. xxxii, 36, z Chron. xx. is. Rev. vi. io.

Hagar feeth from Sarai,

CHAP. XVI.

Before Chrift
1911.

f 1 Sam. 24. 15.
2 Chr. 2i. 22. j i
W.7.8.&3S-13- and thee
& 43. 1.
g I Pet. 3. 7. Prov.
15. 1.
fHcb. That which

that fhe .had conceived, I was defpifed in
her eyes : the Lord f judge between me

6 But Abram faid unto Sarai, s Behold
thy maid is in thy hand ; do to her

as

isglodinthmeeye,. -lt plcafeth thee. And when Sarai + dealt
*»*¦**"" wji„ with her,

fhe fled from her

hardly face. 7 % And the angel of the Lord found
kS.7s".'ch. her by a fountain of water h in the wil-
2S..8.N.m.3S.*. dernefSj by t^e fountain in the way to
Shur.
iciK!.9.&4-io. 8 And he faid, ' Hagar, Sarai's maid,
Whence cameft thou ? and whither wilt
thou go ? And fhe faid, I flee from the
face of my miftrefs Sarai.
9 And the angel of the Lord faid
*Iph'.-605,4o. unto her, k Return to thy miftrefs, and
fubmit thyfelf under her hands.
10 And the angel of the Lord faid
lc%.%i£i£%. unt0 her, * I will multiply thy feed ex
ceedingly, that it fhall not be numbered
for multitude.
1 1 And the angel of the Lord faid unto
her, Behold, thou art with tdiild, and

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — The beft of faints too often
degrade* themfelves to obtain what they defire before God's time ;
and with fome planfible pretexts "endeavour to conceal their guilt.
An eafinefs of temper, and too much affection to creatures, often
induce us to comply with -their finful propofals. But the beft-rn-
tended tranfgrelTions will quickly iffue in fhame and trouble to
the guilty, efpecially if faints ; while our tempters prove our firft
and principal accufers. How tranfeendant the mercy of God,
in vifiting tranfgreffors in the very troubles which they had drawn

and bears Ifhmael.
fhalt bear a fon, and flialt call his name B*^!!"tt
II Ishmael ; becaufe the m Lord hath heard vn^u^ijM
1 m • hear.
thy arhitjiion. m p. 2,. ,2, „.
12 And he will be a wild man ; his &tffi'lC*.
1 i 'ii 7 n 1 nc ci fully re-
hand will be againft every man, and f^'^l^
every man's hand againft him ; * and he S^SS"^
fhall dwell in the prefence of all his bre- «¦ ». 25. a.
thren. 13 And* fhe called the name of the °^;|)i7.,4'Exoii
Lord that fpake unto her, Thou God
feeft me : for fhe faid, Have I alfo here
looked after him that feeth me ?
14 Wherefore the well was called
II Beer-lahai-roi ; behold, it is between *V?&tX*
Kadefh and Bered- S. £.&.'"
15 ^f p And Hagar bare Abram a' fon : " fc^t z*.
and Abram called his fon's name, which
Hagar bare, Ifhmael.
1 6 And Abram was fourfcore and fix
years old when Hagar bare Ifhmael to
Abram. CHAP. XVII.
For about fourteen years after Abram's mifconduSl
with Hagar, the immediate vifits of God to him ap
pear to have been fufpended. Now, (1) God renews

upon their own heads ! Yet remember no happy deliverance is
to be .expected but in the way of returning to our duty. Let me
never therefore hope for comfort in children, or in aay thing be
fides, but in the Lord's way. Let me always IeavcPit to him to
give his promife a proper and honourable accomplifhrnent in the
feafon which he thinks fit. And if he grant me undeferved vifits,
while the yoke of my tranfgreffions is wreathed about my neck,
let me with wonder remark his kindnefs, and take to myfelf fhame
and confufion of face.

. Ver. 7. , Here, and in many other places, the Angel of the Lord, or Angel Jehovah,
denotes Jefus Chrilt, who is the Meffenger of the new covenant; chap. xxii. n. and
xlviii. 16. Judg. ii. 1. vi. ii. and xiii. 3. If. lxiii. 9. 'Zech. i. 12. and iii. e.
Mal. UJ. I, i V 3
Ver. 8, 9; He puts her in mind of her relation to Sarai, to render her fenfible of her
iatilt, and difpofe her to a dutiful return and fubjeetion to hfcr; Tit. ii. 9. 1 Pet. ii. 18.
Eph. vi. 5.
Ver. 10 — 12. Here it is foretold that Ifhmael and his feed ihould be wild free men,
likeiuUd affts; mifchievous to all around them, and extremely numerous. For almoft
four thoufand years the fulfilment hath been amazingly remarkable. Ifhmael had
twelve fons, who gave rife to as many tribes or nations, called by their names, and who
dwelt fouthward in Arabia,, before the face, or in the prefencei of their near relations, the
Ammonites, Moabites, defcendants of Keturah, Edomites, and Jews ; ch. xvii. 20.
xxi: 13, 18. and xxv. 11 — 18. All along they have been a nuifance and plague to the
nations around them ; infamous for- theft, robbery, revenge, pillage, and murder. It
hath therefore been the continued and common intereft of mankind to extirpate them
from the* earth. — But though almoft every noted conqueror, who hath appeared in the
world, whether Hebrew, Egyptian, Affyrian, Chaldean, Perfian, Grecian, Roman,1
Tartar, or Turkifli, hath- pufned his conquefts to their borders, or even beyond them
into Egypt, or Arabia Felix, not one hath ever been able to fubdue thefe Ilhmaelites,
or deprive them of their freedom. The mighty Shifliak, king of Egypt, was obliged
to draw a line along their frontiers, for the protection of his kingdom from their
ravaging inroads. The Affyrians under Shalmanefer and Sennacherib, and the Chal-
-deans under Nebuchadnezzar, greatly harafl'ed them, and almoft extirpated fome of
their tribes ; If. xxi. 11 — 17. Nun. xxiv. 22. Jer. xxv. 23, 24. and xlix. 2:8 — 33.
Provoked with their contempt, Alexander the Great made vaft preparations for their
fitter deftruction; but death cut fhort his purpofe. Antigonus, -one of his valiant
«ajtains-and>fueceflbrs, provoked with their depredations, mow than once, but to his

repeated difl-.onour, attempted to fubdue them.— Flufhed with his eaftern victories,
Pompcy, the famed Roman general, attempted to reduce them; but his army being
recalled, when they had hopes of gaining their purpofe, thefe wild Arabs purfued them,
almoft at their heels, and dreadfully harafl'ed the Roman fubjeiits in Syria,— Auguftus,
the renowned' emperor, made one or more fruitlefs attempts to fubdue them. About
A. D. 110, Trajan, one of the moft powerful emperors, and valiant generals, that ever
filled the Roman throne, with a mighty army, determined, if poffible, to fubdue them,
and laid fiege to their capital. But ftorms of hail, which is fcarcely ever feen in that
country, thunder, lightning, whirlwinds, fwarms of flies, and dreadful apparitions in
the air, terrified or repulfed his troops as often as they repeated their attacks. — A.bout
eighty years after, Severus, another warlike emperor, determined to punifh their
liding with Niger, his rival, by an utter reduction of them. But, after he had made
a breach on the wall of their principal city, an unaccountable difference between him
and his beloved and faithful European troops obliged him to raife the fiege, and leave
the country.  In the feventh century of the Chriftian sera, thefe Ilhmaelites, under
Mahomet, their famed impoftor, and his fucceffors, furioufly extended their empire,
and their new and falfe religion, through a great part of Afia and Africa, and even
fome countries of Europe ; Rev. ix. 1 — 11. Since the fall of their empire, the Turks
have made repeated attempts to fubdue them ; but, inftead of fucceeding, they have
been obliged, for near three hundred years paft, to pay them an yearly tribute of forty
thoufand crowns, for procuring a fafe paffage for their pilgrims to Mecca, the holy
city where Mahomet was born. If, to fulfil his promife, God hathdone fo much for
protecting the temporal liberty of mifcreants, what will he not do for the fihation of
his people! \
Ver. 13. Have I, in this defert, as well as in my mailer's family, and nolwithftand-
ing my milbehaviour, received a gracious vifit from God, as ray powerful guardian,
and kind benefactor? and have I dulyconfidered, and thanked him for, unJ improved,
the fame? Pf. ix. 13. Luke i. 485.49.
Da

GENESI

Before Chrifl
1911.

God's grant of Canaan renewed.
of three years old, and a ram of three
years old, and a turtle-dove, and a young
pigeon. 10 And he took unto him all thefe,
and divided them in the midft, and laid
each piece one againft another ; but the
birds divided he not.
1 1 And when the fowls came down
the carcafes Abram drove them

upon
away. 12

I Ch. 2. 21. I Sam
26. 12. Job 4. 13.
&33- ij.

<[[ And when the fun was going
down a ' deep fleep fell upon Abram ; and,
lo, an horror of great darknefs fell upon
him. 13 And he faid unto Abram, Know of
n,A3^473.6krt.,.0,r a furety m that thy feed fhall be a ftranger
27&3'E&1,4* in a land that is not theirs, and fhall
ferve them ; and they fhall afflict them
four hundred years :
14 And n alfo that nation, whom they
fhall ferve, will I judge : and afterward
fhall they come out with great fubftance.
1 5 And thou ° fhalt go to thy fathers in
peace ; thou fhalt be buried in a good old

11 Ch. 46. Exorl. vii.
to xiv. & 12. 35,
36. Deut. 4. 20. &
7. 18,19. &11.2,
3, 4. Jofh. 24. 4—
7. 17. I Sam. 12.
8. Neh. 9. 9— 11.
• Ch. 25. 8. Job 5.
26.

age

«Ke»zerand caieb -,{> gut in the* fourth generation they
were the fourth O m # J
fhofewtowfe" fhall come hither again : for the iniquity
¦>*,„, ch. x.vi. f the Amorites is not yet full.
* 1 7 And it came to pafs, that when the
fun went down, and it was dark, behold
¦tHeb..tonf«r>». a fmoking furnace, and + a burning lamp
that paffed between thofe pieces.
1 8 In that fame day the Lord made
* %*.£%M* a covenant with Abram, faying, p Unto
I'.'^'s^ thy feed have I given this land, from the
23X,°27-3?-'&3]-' river of Egypt unto the great river, the
11. Deut. 1. 9. & OJ ST o '

: "iflfi river Euphrates

25, II. Jo£h,
¦with ch. 10. 15—.
19. Jofh. xii — xisc.
iDeut. 34.4. Exod.
23. 31. with ch.
10. 15—19-

19 The Kenites, and the Kenezites,
and the Kadmonites,

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — Bleffed indeed are they
whofe God is the Lord ! There is no wo, no want, to them
that fear him ! How happy the iffue of familiar intimacy with
God ! Before they call he anfwers ; and whilft they are yet
fpeaking he faith, Here I am. Scarcely will he do any thing
important without revealing his fecrets to them. — How he con-
defcends to our weaknefs, ia giving us figns in ordinances, figns
in providence, for the confirmation of our faith in his promifes !

Ver. 16. Iniquity is full, when it is arrived at fuch a number of acts, fuch a degree
of aggravation, and time of continuance, that God, i-n confiftence with his purpofe or
honour, can no longer forbear to punilli it; Jer. li. 13. Can. viii. 23. Joel iii. 12.
Mat. xii. 32. 1 Theff". ii. 16. , . , .
Ver. 18. ¦ Through their floth and wickednefs, they never, but in the reign of
David and-Solomon, poffeffed the whole territory here affigned them ; Judg, i. ii. iii.
and iv. 'with 2 Sam. viii. and x. 1 Kings iv. 2J, 24. 2 Chron. ix. 26,

20
zites, 21

Before Chrifl
loll.

S. Hagar becomes Abram s concubine,
And the Hittites, and the Periz- ,
and the Rephaims,
And the Amorites, and the Ca
naanites, and the Girgafhites, and the
Jebufites. C HA P. XVI.
Juft now we had thet divine promife of a numerous feed
to the patriarch. Here we "have, ( 1 ) An unhallow
ed attempt to haflen the fulfilment, iffuing in contempt
and wrath to Sarai the advifer ; in reproach and grief
to Abram the raft) compiler ; and in hardfhip and flight
to Hagar, who finfully confented to be the means of
it; 1 — 6. (2) The Angel Jehovah's direction of
Hagar to a dutiful return and fubmiffion to her mif
trefs, and his prediclion of the temper and fate of
her child and his defcendants; 7 — 12. (3) Ha
gar' s obfervation of the divine vifiit, and the birth
of her child in the eighty-fixth year of Abram's life ;
13—16.
NOW Sarai Abram's wife bare him
no children : and fhe had
a handmaid, an Egyptian,
was Hagar.
2 And Sarai faid unto Abram, Behold
now the Lord hath b reftrained me from bch.20.i8.& 3°- *•
bearing : I pray thee go in unto my
maid ; it may be that I may * obtain *^^Ht
children by her. And Abram c hearkened c^. ,^
unto the voice of Sarai.
3 And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar
her maid, the Egyptian, after Abram had
dwelt ten years in the land of. Canaan,
and gave her to her hufband Abram to
be his d wife. "Sf^o?
4 ^ And he went in unto Hagar, and
fhe conceived : and, when fhe faw that
fhe had conceived, her miftrefs was e de- epror.ja»,Mj
fpifed in her eyes.
5 And Sarai faid unto Abram, My
wrong be upon" thee : I have given my
maid into thy bofom ; and, when fhe faw

an
whofe name » Bond-maid, cb.n,
10, 12. Gil. 4. 22.

-4»-

-But even his chief favourites muft often wait long for the
or the full accomplifhment of thefe promifes ; and

beginnin_ through manifold trials it muft be obtained. Meanwhile, thenj
let me wait with 'patient expectation ; and, with the patriarch,
look beyond a numerous feed, and an earthly Canaan, to Jefus,
and the travail of his foul, and to the better country above ; the
everlafting pleafures of which fhall more than balance all the dif-
couragements lean meet with by the way.

Ver. 19, 20. It feems the Kenites, Kenizzites, Kadmonites, and Rephaims, had
either been moftly extirpated before the time of Mofes, or were blended with the feven
nations which he mentions ; Deut. vii. 1, 17— 24. Ex. xxiii. 23. xxxiii. 2. and xxxiv, ll.
Chap. XVI. Ver. 5. Since you indulge your concubine in her contempt of me, may
God plead my caufe, and avenge the injury done to me on both you and her; iSam. xxiv.
12, 15. Gen. xxxi. 53. Exod. v. 21. Deut. xxxii, 3.6, a Chron. xx. 12. Rev. vi. io.

Hagar feeth from Sarai,

CHAP. XVI.

and bears Ifhmael.

Before Chrift
1-911.
f j Sain. 24. 15.
2 Chr. 2$. 22.
Pf. 7.8. & 35-23-
& 43. I.
g I Pet. 3. 7. Prov.
15. 1.
f Heb. That which
.is good in thine eyes,
% Hsb. affiiBed her.

h Exod. 15. 22.
I Sam. 15. 7. ch.
25.18. Num. 33.8.

j 01^3.9.8:4.10.

£ Eccl. TO. 4.
Eph. 6. 5, 6.

3Ch. 17, 20. & 21.
13. Be 25. 12—18.

that fhe .had conceived, I was defpifed in
her eyes : the Lord f judge between me
and thee.
6 But Abram faid unto Sarai, s Behold
thy maid is in thy hand f do to her '•' as
it pleafeth thee. And when Sarai + dealt
hardly with her, fhe fled from her
face. 7 ^F And the angel of the Lord foiand,
her by a fountain of water h in the wil
dernefs, by the fountain in the way to
Shur. 8 And he faid, l Hagar, Sarai's maid,
Whence cameft thou ? and whither wilt
thou go ? And fhe faid, I flee from the
face of my miftrefs Sarai.
9 And the angel of the Lord faid
unto her, k Return to thy miftrefs, and
fubmit thyfelf under her hands.
10 And the angel of the Lord faid
unto her, J I will multiply thy feed ex
ceedingly, that it fhall not be numbered
for multitude.
1 1 And the angel of the Lord faid unto
her, Behold, thou art with "child, and

Before Chrift ,
1911.

m Ch. 29. 32, 33.
Exod. 2. z-y-, 24.
He 3.7. Pi. 22.24.
nc cifutly le
gated thy afflic-
rion, and heard
thyprayer-ithero- Exod. 3. 7.

malt bear a fon, and flir.lt call his name
II Ifhmael ; becaufe the ra Lord hath heard rn^hfaoTm
thy affu&ion.
1 2 And he will be a wild man ; his
hand will be againft every man, and
every man's hand againft him ; n and he
fhall dwell in the prefence of all his bre- nch.25. is.
thren. 12 And" fhe called the name of the oc1.21.14.Exoi.
34. 0) 7.
Lord that fpake unto her, Thou God
feeft me : for fhe faid, Have I alfo here
looked after him that feeth me ?
14 Wherefore the well was called.
II Beer-lahai-roi ; behold, it is between ^fpltZt'f
Kadefh and Bered.
15 ^[ p And Hagar bare Abram a fon
and Abram called his fon's name, which
Hagar bare, Ifhmael.
1 6 And Abram was fourfcore and fix
years old when Hagar bare Ifhmael to
Abram. CHAP, XVII.
For about fourteen years after Abram's mifconduSl
with Hagar, the immediate vifits of God to him ap
pear to have:been fufpended. Now, (1) God renews

and feeth me.
ch. 24. 62.
p Ch. 25. Ii.
I Chron. I. z%.

19'e.

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — The beft of faints too often
degrade themfelves to obtain what they defire befoie God's time ;
and with fome plaufible pretexttfendeavour to conceal their guilt.
An eafinefs of temper, and too much affection to creatures, often
induce us to comply with their finful propofals. But the heft-in
tended tranfgreflions will quickly iffue in fhame and trouble to
the guilty, efpecially if faints ; while our tempters prove our firft
and principal accufers. How tranfeendant the mercy of God,
in vifiting tranfgrefTors in the very troubles which they had drawn

upon their own heads ! Yet remember no happy deliverance is
to be .expected but in the way of returning to our duty. Let me
never therefore hope for comfort in children, or in aay thing be
fides, but in the Lord's way. Let me always ItzvWtt to him to
give his promife a proper and honourable accomplifhment in the
feafon which he thinks fit. And if he grant me undeferved vifits,
while the yoke of my tranfgreflions is wreathed about my neck,
let me with wonder remark his kindnefs, and take to myfelf fhame
and confufion of face.

, Ver. 7. , Here, and in many other places, the Angel of the Lord, or Angel Jehovah,
denotes Jefus Chrift, who is the Meffenger of the new covenant; chap. xxii. u. and
xlviii. 16. Judg. ii. i. vi. ii. and xiii. 3. If. lxiii. 9. 'Zech. i. 12. and iii. 5.
Mal. iii. i»
Ver. ¦ 8, 9; He puts her in mind of her relation to Sarai, to render her fenflble of her
fault, aod difpofe her to a dutiful return and fubjeclion to l*r; Tit. ii. 9. 1 Pet. ii. 18.
Eph. vi. 5.
Ver. 10 — 12. Here it is foretold that Iftimael and his feed fhould be mild free men,
like mild ages; mifchievous to all around them, and extremely numerous. For almoft
four thoufand years the fulfilment hath been amazingly remarkable. Ifhmael had
.twelve- fons, who gave rife to as many tribes or nations, called by their names, and who
dwelt fouthward in Arabia,, before the face, or in the prefence j of their near relations, the
Ammonites, Moabites, defcendants of Keturah, Edomites, and Jews ; ch. xvii. 20.
xxi; 13, 18. and xxv. 11 — 18. All along they have been a nuifance and plague to the
nations around them ; infamous for theft, robbery, revenge, pillage/ and murder. It
hath therefore been the continued and common intereft of mankind to extirpate them
from the earth. — But though almoft every noted conqueror, who hath appeared in the
world, whether Hebrew, Egyptian, Affyrian, Chaldean., Perfian, Grecian, Romany
Tartar, or Turkifli, hath- pulned his conquefts to their borders, or even beysnd them
into Egypt, or Arabia Felix, not one hath ever been able to fubdue thefe Ilhmaelites,
or deprive them of -their-freedom. The mighty Shiihak, king of Egypt, was obliged
to draw a line along their frontiers, for the protection of his kingdom from their
ravaging inroads. The Aflyrians under Shalmanefer and Sennacherib, and the Chal
deans under Nebuchadnezzar, greatly harafl'ed them, and almoft extirpated fome of
their tribes; If. xxi. 11 — 17. Num. xxiv. 22. Jer. xxv. 23, 24. and xlix. 38 — 33.
Provoked with their contempt, Alexander the Great made vaft preparations for their
utter deftrucfion; but death cut mart his purpofe. Antigonus, one of his valiant
eaptaiiis-and'fuccefibrs, provoked with their depredations, moi4 than once, but to his

repeated difhonour, attempted to fubdue them..— Fluflied with his eaftern victories,
Pompey, the famed Roman general, attempted to reduce them ; but his army being
recalled, when they had hopes of gaining their purpofe, thefe wild Arabs purfued them,
almoft at their heels, and dreadfully haraffed the Roman fubjeits in Syria. — Auguft'us,
the renowned' emperor, made one or more fruitlefs attempts to fubdue them. About
A.D. no, Trajan, one of the moft powerful emperors, and valiant generals, that ever
filled the Roman throne, with a mighty army, determined, if poffible, to fubdue thenii
and laid fiege to their capital. But ftorms of hail, which is fcarcely ever fecn in that
country, thunder, lightning, whirlwinds, fwarms of flies, and dreadful apparitions in
the air, terrified or repulfed his troops as often as they repeated their attacks. — -About
eighty years after, Severus, another warlike emperor, determined to puniih their
liding with Niger, his rival, by an utter reduction of them. But, after he had made
a breach on the wall of their principal city, an unaccountable difference between him
and his beloved and faithful European troops obliged him to raife the fiege, and leave
the country.  In the feventh century of the Chriftian sera, thefe Ilhmaelites, under
Mahomet, their famed impoftor, and his fuccefTors, furioufly extended their empire,
and their new and falfe religion, through a great part of Afia and Africa, and even
fome countries of Europe ; Rev. ix. 1 — 1 1. Since the fall of their empire, the Turks
have made repeated attempts to fubdue them; but, inftead of fucceeding, they have
'been obliged, for near three hundred years paft, to pay them an yearly tribute of forty
thoufand crowns, for procuring a fare paffage for their pilgrims to Mecca, the holy
city where Mahomet was born. If, to fulfil his promife, God hath done fo much for
protecting the temporal liberty of mifcreants, what will he not do for the falvation. of
his people! \
Ver. 13. Have I, in this defert, as well as in my mailer's family, and nolwithnand-
ing my milbehaviour, received a gracious vifit from God, as my powerful guardian,
and kind benefactor ? and have I duly confidered, and thanked him for, and improved,
the fame? Pf. ix. 13. Luke i. 48,-49,
D2

God covenants with Abram.

GENESIS.

Circumcifon is inflituted.

Before Chrift

re chrift ^s wonted familiarity, enters into a folemn covenant
—  with him,' and promifes, » To make him a father of

"f
many nations ; in token of which his name is changed-
into Abraham ; i — 6. z To be a God to him,
and to his feed; as a token and feal of which, circum-
ciflon is prefcribed, under pain- of a cutting off from
the bleffings of this covenant; 7 — 14. - 3 That while
Ifhmael profpered, and became 'a great nation, Sarai
fhould bear a fon, with whom, and his feed, this co
venant fhould properly ft and faft ; in token of which,
her name is changed into Sarah; 15 — 22. (2)
With joy and wonder, believing the divine declara
tion, and embracing" the covenant-propofals, Abra
ham circumcifes himfelf and his family, in token of
their hearty confent ; 23—27.
AND when Abram was ninety years
old and nine, the Lord appeared
iwng.yrLu'ke to Abram, and faid unto him, I am the
Almighty God ; b walk before me, and

a Ch. 35. 11. tc iS.
14. Jer. 32. 17, 27.
Mat. 19. 26. Heb.
7. 25. Dan. 4. 35.
job 11. 7.
b-Ch. J. 24. 8c 6. 9.
&48.15. Job 1.1!

6. If. 38. 3
Acts 23. I. 8c 24.
16. 2 Cor. 1. 12.
Mic;6.8.Pf.u6. , 1 ~ *- "
9. Heb. 12. 28. be thou perfect
1 Or, upright, or ., f\y^c\ c

ver..4-7.

j-,n;„;. - ¦ 2 And c I will make my covenant be
ech. 9.9. &, 2^2. tween me and thee, and will multiply
4>5.6- iCor. ' C J
thee exceedingly
3
™. 1 Km. it. 39'. God talked with him, faying,
niS'&'ii'.*. 4 As for me, behold, my covenant is
g'il^il^'with thee % and thou fhalt be a father of
+ many nations. •«
5 % f Neither fhall thy name any more

iv&2-£$% 3 And Abram d fell on his face : and

. XXXVI. xxvi.

+ Heb. multitude of
nations.
f Rom.

9. 7. \£\£°ir. be called Abram, but thy name fhall be
i7: zct £%!: Abraham ; for a father of many nations
a Sam. 12. 2$._ ' J
. ?ohn'..42.16' %have I made thee.

6 And I will make thee exceeding fruit
ful, and I will make nations of thee, and
kings fhall come out of thee.
7 AndJ s I will eftablifh my covenant
between me and thee, and thy feed after
thee, in their generations, for an everlaft-
ins covenant ; to be a God unto thee,
and to thy feed after thee.
8 h And I will give unto thee, and to thy
feed after thee, the land + wherein thou
art a ftrang'er, all the land of Canaan, for
an everlafting poffeffion ; and I will be
their God.
9 % And God faid unto Abraham,Thou
fhalt keep my covenant therefore, thou,
and thy feed after thee in their generations.
10 This is my covenant, which ye
fhall keep, between me and you and thy
feed after thee ; ' Every man-child among
you fhall be circumcifed.
1 1 And ye fhall circumcife the flefh of
your forefkin ; and it f^all be a token of
the covenant betwixt me and you.
1 2 And he that is I' eight days old k
fhall be circumcifed a|nong you, every
man-child in your generations, he that
is born in the houfe, or bought with
money of any ftranger, which is not of
thy feed.

Sefore Chrift
1897.

g Rom. 9. 8. Luke r,
72-^75. Pf.ioS. 8,
9, lo. MlC: 7. 20.
"»Pf.8l.Io. Heb. 8.
xo. Ezek. 28. 26.
Afts 2. 39. Mark
10. 14.

h See ch. 12. 7. Sc
¦ 13. IS, 17- & IJ.
7—11.
J Heb. of thj fejeum-

i Afls 7. 8. Rom. 4,
11. ver. 11.

II Heb. of eight days.
k Lev. 12. 3. Luke- .
2. 21. John 7. 22.
Rom. 2. 28.

Chap. XVII. Ver. 1. The name Shaddai, rendered A/mighty, denotes all-fuffi-
ciency, as well as infinite power. And what ftrong encouragement to the ftudy of
-perfecting hoiinefs in the fear of the Lord is it, that God is all-fufficient and almighty
to prepare us for, affift us in, and reward us for it; 2 Cor. xii. 8. — " My grace is
" fufficient for thee; for my ftrength is made perfect in weaknefs." Phil. ii. 12,
13.—'* Work out your falvation with fear and trembling: for it is God which worketh
*' in you, both to will and to do, of his good pleafure." 1 Cor. xv. 58. — " Be ftedfaft,
" unmoveable, always abounding in the work of the Lord; knowing that your labour
*' is not in vain in the Lord."
Ver. 2. God1, making a covenant htre, and in many other places, denotes the enlarge
ment, renewal, eftablifhment, or confirmation of it. It cannot be imagined that, in
the various inftances in which this phrafe is ufed, he had not refpeel to his former
declarations of the fame kind as ftill in force; Pf. cv. 8, 9, 10. Gen. xv. 18. Exod.
xxxiv. 10 — 27. 1 Kings viii. 9. Jer. xxxi. 33. -Hof. ii. 18. Gen. vi. 18. ver. 7, 19,
21. Exod. vi-4. Lev. xxvi. 9. Deut. viii. 18. Ezek. xvi. 60, 62.
Ver. 3. He fell on lis face, in token of his fear and reverence, as being afraid and
alhamed to look upon God; ver. 17. Exod. iii. 6. Lev. ix. 24. Num. xxii. 31.
Join. v. 14. Judg. xiii. 20. Ezek. i. 28. iii. 23. ix. 8. and xliii. 3. Dan. viii. 17.
Mat. xvii. 6. Rev. i. 17. Pf. Ixxxix. 7. " God is greatly to be feared — to be had in
*' reverence of all that are round about him;" and xcv. 6. " Let us worfhip and bow
" down before the Lord." Pfal. xevi. 4, 9. and cxi. 9. Rev. xv. 4.
Ver. 4. Abram was not only the natural parent of multitudes, and the example and
teacher of faith to all believers, but was the covenant-head with refpect to the Ifraelitifh
nation, and was typical of Jefus Chrift as the covenant-head and father of God's chofen
ones; ch. xii. 2. Rom. iv. 16, r7- Gal. iii. 28, 29.
Ver. 5. God's giving names to perfons imports hi.s making them to correfpond with
them in their condition or ufefulnefs; ch. xxxii. 28. 2 Sam. xii. 25. If. Ixii. 2, 4, 5.
Rev. ii. 17. Jer. xx. 3, 4. xxiii. 6.. and xxxiii. 16. Mat. i. 21. Abram fignifies high
father; Abraham, the high father of a multitude : Sarai, my princefs; Sarah, princefs of a
multitude. Ver. 6. The Ilhmaelites, Midianites, Edomites, Hebrews, and their kings ; ver. 20.
Num. xxxi. Gen. xxxvi. Mat. i. but chiefly Jefus and his fpiritual fubjecls; Rev.
xvii. 14. xv. 3. xi. 15. and i. 6. 1 Pet. ii. 9. Pfal.. xiv. 16.
Ver. 7, 8. Ifaac, and his Hebrew defcendants, were properly the natural feed with
whom this covenant was eftablifhed ; ver. 21. Ey it God m Chrift became, to the

Hebrews in general, the head of their nation and church, and affirmed them for his
peculiar people: he beftowed upon them the land of Canaan as his. land; in the enjoy
ment of which they rafted his goodnefs, and had accefs to contemplate the glories of
the new-covenant ftate, and of the heavenly bleffednefs; Exod. xix. 5, 6. and xx. 12.
— But, as it refpefts Chrifl^ and believers in him, it implies God's interefting them,
in all his perfons and perfections, by every amiable relation, and his giving them all
that he hath, and doing all his works, for their happinefs and comfort ; Pf. Ixxxix. 27.
Eph. i. 3. Heb. viii. 10. Pf. cxliv. 15. and xvi. 5, 6. This covenant, as it rcfpeclcd
the Hebrew nation, together with the poffeffion of Canaan, and the various ceremonial
ordinances by which they were marked the peculiar people of God, and in the obferv-
ance of which they were to enjoy their reft and profperity in Canaan, is reprefented as
everlafting, or for ever: but in thefe paffages no more than a long time is meant;
ch. xlviii. 4. E«od. xii. 14. xxi. 6. xxxi. 17. xxxii. 13. and xl. 15. Lev. xvi. 34.
and xxv. 23, 30, 46. Num. x. 8. xv. 15. xviii. .18, 19. and xxv. 13. Deut. iv. 40.
xv. 17. and xviii, 5. Jofh. iv. 7. and xiv. 9, &c. But as this covenant refpecled
Chrift, and believers in him, it, and all the fpiritual bleffings contained in it, are ever
lafting in the ftricfeft fenfe; Heb. xiii. 20. and ix. 12, 15. 1 Pet. h'4. 2 Pet. i. 11..
And it is perhaps chiefly becaufe the covenant of peculiarity with Ifrael, and the ordi
nances and bleffings thereof, prefigured thefe eternal relations and privileges, that they
are reprefented as everlafting.
Ver. 9 — 13. Circumcifion is called God's covenant, becaufe it was a token and conr
firming feal of it. On God's part, it imported that he would give them the promifed
Meffiah out of the loins of Abraham ; who, being a true man, fhould be cut off for
the falvation of his people; that, Being reconciled in Chrift, he gave himfelf to be
their God, accepted them for his people, and promifed them pardon of fin and fancli-
fication of their nature and life; Rom. iv". 11. Exod. xix. 5, 6. Deut. x. 15. and
xxx. 6. Col. ii. 11. On the part of the perfons circumcifed, it imported their
acceptance of God in Chrift as their God, and of redemption through the blood of his
Son ; and their engagement to have no longer intimate friendfhip with the world, which
lieth in wickednefs, but to mortify their lufts, and to apply themfelves to the moft
internal and fpiritual piety; Phil. iii. 3. Jer. iv. 4. Rom. ii. 29. Females were con-
fidered as reprefented in the males, with refpect to this ordinance. But children were
not to be circumcifed till the eighth day; — to teach us that neither circumcifion nor
baptifm is abfolutely neceffaiy to falvation; and becaufe till that time children and
other animals were reckoned ;gg weaker impure fw dedication to God j. Exod. xxii. 3°.

$%e birth of y Ifaac fromifedl

CHAP, XVII. Abraham circumcifed and his f amity*

Before Chrift
ICh. 14. 14. & 15-3.
Exod, 1 j, 44. Sc
»*. 4-

n See ver. j.
z Sam. 12. 25.
ch. ji. 28.

n Ver. 6. ch. t. 28.
& 12. 2. 1 Pet. j.
6- Gal. 4. 26.
Rom. 9. 9.
$lieb.JkeJhaUbxeme nations.

• See ver. 3. Lev. g.
24. Num. 14. 5. &
IO. 22, 45. Deut.
9. 18, 25. Jofh. 5.
14. & 7. 6. Judg.
13. 20. 1 Chron.
ai. 16. Job 1. 20.
Ezek. 1. 28. Dan.
g. 17. Mat, 2. 10.
Rev. 5. 8. & 11.
x6- & 14. 19,

p Cfc. 18. 10. &21,
2. ver. 21. Rom,
9.9.

lCh.-i6. to. &-21-.
13- & £5. 12—18.

r Rom, 9. 5, 6i 9.
Gal- 3. 29. ch. 18.
xo. & zt. 2j 3,

1 3 He that is ' born in thy houfe, and
he that is bought with thy money, muft
needs be circumcifed : and my covenant
fhall be in your flefh for an everlafting
covenant. 14 And the uncircumcifed man-child,
whofe flefh of his forefkin is not circum
cifed, that foul fhall be cut off from his
people ; he hath broken my covenant.
15 f And God faid unto Abraham,
ra As for Sarai thy wife, thou fhalt not call
her name Sarai, but Sarah fhall her name
be. 1 6 And n I will blefs her, and give thee
a fon alfo of her : yea, I will blefs her,
and § fhe fhall be a mother of nations ;
kings of people fhall be of her.
1 7 Then Abraham u fell upon his face,
and laughed, and faid in his heart, Shall
a child be born unto him that is an hun
dred years old ? and fhall Sarah, that is
ninety years old, bear ?
18 And Abraham faid unto God, O
that Ifhmael might live before thee !
1 9 And God faid, p Sarah thy wife fhall
bear thee a fon indeed ; and thou fhalt
call his name Ifaac : and I will eftablifh
my covenant with him for an everlafting
covenant, tf^with his feed after him.
20 And as for Ifhmael, I have heard
thee : Behold, I have bleffed him, 1 and
will make him fruitful, and will multi
ply him exceedingly ; twelve princes fhall
he beget, and*I will make him a
nation. 21 But rmy covenant will I eftablifh

great

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — How infinite the ex
tent, how rich the mercy, of God's granting himfelf, as God
Almighty, God All-fiufficient, to be my God,' and the God of my
feed ! Let me by faith heartily and haftily catch the word at hjs
mouth, and cry — My Lord and my God, and the God of my
feed ! Thrice bleffed heritage of the hofts of nations, fecured to
us as. our portion for ever! Though neither my houfe nor my
heart be ib with God as they ought, yet he hath made with me
the ev-erTaflirig covenant, ordered in all things and fure : and this
is all my falvation, and all my defire. Upon this foundation let

Before Chrift
I987-

s Ch. 33.13. &ver..
3. Num. 12. 6, 8...
Judg. 6.11. &I}k-
20.

with Ifaac, whom Sarah fhall bear unto
thee at this fet time in the next year.
22 And he s left off talking with him,
and God went up from Abraham.
23 ^[ And Abraham took Ifhmael his.
fon, and all that were born in his houfe,,,
and all that were bought with his money,.,
every male among the men of Abraham's
houfe ; and f circumcifed the flefh of their ^^"v^ts,^).
na\r 10 f~^r*rl

1897.

forefkin in the felf-fam.e.|day,. as God 9.i°.Mu9Ecut
had faid unto him
24 And u Abraham was ninety years
11 -,• 1 . . . M - . uR.om:4. 11. Pf.ng,,.
old and nine when he was circumcifed in fo with*. 11.4*.:
the flefh of his forefkin.
25 And Ifhmael his fon was thirteen
years old when he was circumcifed in the?
flefh of his forefkin..
26 In the felf-fame day was, Abraham >
circumcifed and Ifhmael his fom
2.7 And all the men of his houfe, b'onv
in the houfe, and bought with money
of the ftranger, were circumcifed x with xCh'a-**'
him.. c h a p. xviir;
Scarcely had Abraham complied with the law of cir- -
cumciflon, when (i) The Son of God, attended by
two created angels in the likenefs of men, vifit himj
and receive a kind and generous entertainment;
1 — 8. (2) After inquiry for Sarah, the Angel Je
hovah intimates that by that time nine months fhe
fhould bear a fon ; and jharply reproves her for her
unbelieving laughter at the promife; 9 — 15, (•?)
To put honour on Abraham, for his ready belief of
his former intimations, and for his careful and re
ligious education of his family, he acquaints him
with his purpofe to deftroy Sodom and the cities
about; .16 — 22. (4) While the created angels fet off"
for Sodom, Abraham intercedes with the Sin of God

Ver, 14. Not infants, who could not ciroumcife themfelves, but fuchas wilfully
•fceglecled this ordinance when they were grown up, were, exppfed to be cut off from
their people.. Such renounced the diftinguifhing badge of Abraham's feed, .renounced
their covenant, alliance with God, and fellowfhip with his people. Nothing could.
therefore be more reafonable, than that they fhould be excluded from the privileges of
the Hebrew church and nation, and accounted as Heathens. — And this is perhaps the
whole import of cutting off from his people, in moft of the paffages where we find it;
ixod. xii. 15, 10. and xxx. 33^ 38. Lev. vii. 20, 21, 25, 27. xvii. 4, y, 10, 14.
and xxii, 3; NuM. ix. 3. and. xix, 13, »o. But,. in fome cafes, death, by the injme-

me, and mine be fealed to the day of redemption, By receiving the
circumcifion which is of Chrift. — Through his blood fhed for us,
andhis Spirit applied to us, muft our natural corruptions be mor
tified, our hearts purified, and our fouls' faved. Without. this
we can in no wife enter the kingdom of God. Nor let me ever
forget to entreat that the Ifhmaels of my carnal relations may be
made alive to God through Jefus Chrift our Lord ; be partakers
of his covenant-bleffings now, and live before him for ever herer--
after..

diate hand of God, or of the magiftrate, is certainly included, or therewith connected;.
Exod. xxxi. 14. Lev. xviii. 29. xix. 8. and xx. 3. 5, 6, 17. Num. xv. 30, 3 iT
And furely there is.no injuftice that a prefump'tuous and'obftinate rebti againft a fun
damental law, of the church and nation of God fhould be punifhed with.death...
Ver. 17. Abraham laughed, in virtue of his.firm belief of the promife, and his fat if-
faction therein; Rom. iv. 19, 20. .John viii. 56; but Sarah laughed in unbelieving
derinon; ch. xviii. 12.
Ver. 18. Let Ifhmael live, and profper ia thy favour, and under thy fpecial care ;
chap, xlviii, 15. Pf. xxxj. 22.,

Abraham entertains the angels

GENESIS.

Sarah laughs at the promife.

Before Chrift
1897.

for the fparing of thefe cities, if fifty, forty-five,
forty, thirty, twenty, or even ten, righteous perfons
could be found therein; to which the Lord gracioujly
condefcends.
AN D the Lord appeared unto him
in the plains of Mamre : and he
fat in the tent-door in the heat of the
day;
« teb. 13. ». eh. 19. 2 a And he lifted up his eyes and look-
1. judg. 13. 3> 9. £ J
ed, and lo, three men ftood by him : and
t> Rom. tt. i3. ch. when he faw them he b ran to meet them
tU'7:&«I.'i6, from the tent-door, and bowed himfelf
28. Ruth 2. 10. '
»Kin.*.:iS. toward the ground, '
3 And faid, My Lord, if now I have
found favour in thy fight, pafs not away,
. I pray thee, from thy fervant :
4 Let a little water, I pray you, be
fetched, and wafh your feet, and reft
yourfelves under the tree :
5 And I will fetch a morfel of bread;
me*./*/. and * comfort ye your hearts ; after that
ech.to,8.&33.io. ye fhall pafs on : c for therefore + are ye
tHej. , ycuhwe come to your fervant. And they faid, So
do as thou haft faid.
6 And Abraham haftened into the tent
unto Sarah, and faid, + Make ready quick
ly d three meafures of fine meal, knead it,
and make cakes upon the hearth.
7 And Abraham ran unto the herd,
* Mai. 1. 14. eh. 19. and fetched, a ealf e tender and good, and
3. ju & i3. 1 . ^ve ^ unto a young man ; and he hafted
to drefs it.
8 And he took butter, and milk, -and
the calf which he had dreffed, and let it
before them ; and he ftood by them un-
t ch. i9. 3. Luke der the tree, and f they did eat.
9 f And they faid* unto him, "Where is
Sarah thy wife.? and he faid, ^Behold, in
the tent.
* Rom. 9.8, 9. ch. 10 And he 'E faid, I will certainly re-
17. 16, 19, 11. & f ' . . . . j r
«¦*• turn unto thee according to the time of
life; and, lc-, Sarah" thy wife fhall have a
fon. And Sarah heard it in the !tent-
door, which was 'behind him.

% Heb. haflen.
t Mat. 13. 33.

Chap. XVIII. Ver. 2. When there. were, no public inns for travellers to rcfrefli
themfelves, or lodge in, it was neceffary and co-rnmomfor hofpitable perfons to invite
them at noon or at even-tide to their own houfes; ch..xix. 1, *. and xxiv. 30, 31.
Judg. xix. 20. ai. Job xxxi. 32.
Ver. 3. The perfon to whom Abriham addreffed himfelf, and who was at lead the
chief fpeaker, was the Son of God, and Judge of the world ; ver. 25 with John v. 22.
Ver. 4. As people in thofe countries went bare-footed, or with fandals, becaufe of
the heat, wafhing the feet after travelling was common and needful; ch. xix. i. /and
xxiv. 32. Judg.jtix. 21. 2 Sam. xi. 8. 1 Tim. v. 10. Luke vii. 44.
Ver. 8. Abraham ftood by them as their, fervant, to .give them what they needed ;
^Jeh. xii. 44. Gal., y^ y. Luke. xvii. 8..
7

Before Chrjft
1897.

Rom,
4. 10. Heb. 11, 11,
with ch. 31. 35.

1 1 Now h Abraham and Sarah zvere
old and well ftricken in age; and it „,,;, ,-,_
ceafed to be with Sarah after the manner
of women.
12 Therefore Sarah laughed within
herfelf, faying, l After I am Waxed old, i^,';.'!:,!fe„.
fhall I have pleafure, my lord being old "7fc'h^
alfo ?
1 3 And the Lord faid unto Abraham,
Wherefore did Sarah laugh, faying, Shall
I of a furety bear a child, who am old ?
1 4> Is any thing too hard for the Lord? *?£"$•£*"
At the time appointed I will return unto K^M; j*
thee, according to the time of life, and
Sarah fhall have a fon.

15 Then Sarah l denied, faying, I » autr+gg*
laughed not ; for fhe was afraid. And he **• I}-
faid, Nay, but thou didft laugh.
1 6 And the men rofe up from thence,
and looked toward Sodom : and Abraham
went with them to bring them on the
way. 17 C And the Lord faid, m Shall I hide m Amos,.?.™ 25,
r ' »i 1 1 1 • 1 • 1 t 1 14.J0bn.15.s5.
from Abraham that thing which 1 do ;
r8 Seeing that Abraham fhall furely
become a great and mighty nation, and
n all the nations of -the earth fhall be bleff- *.*;£ \%\\
ed in him ? *%&*!: ?i3;
19 For ° I know him/ that he p will^p,.^ &IM
command his children and his houfehold %ffik££l£s
after him, and they fhall keep the way of p^eu^7^'|
the Lord, to do juftice and judgment ; .£"^&"'J!t
that the Lord may bring upon Abraham *£ i»-' *~*
that which he hath fpoken of him.
*2o And the Lord faid, Becaufe * the 'g^.*^*'
cry of Sodom and .Gomorrah is great, and £^'*?-Jam'
becaufe their fin is very griev©us,
21 I will c go down now, and fee whe- '^-ha^jS
ther they have done altogether according W^.t11'1*
I© the cry of it, which is come unto me ;
and if not I will know.
22 And the H men -turned their faces ^icIr^wpb!'
from thence, and Went towards Sodomy

Ver. 10. Nine months hence, by my providence, and in fulfilment of my promife,
Sarah fhall have a fon; -ch. xvii. zi.
Ver. 11. In refpeol; of her age, and of the conftitution of her body, flie was paft all
hopes of child-bearing; ch. xvii. 17. Heb. xi. 11. Rom. iv. 19.
Ve*. 20, 21. By God's "inquiring into things, is meant either his bringing the perfons;
concerned to a proper -fenfe of their condition and conduit; Gen. iii. 9. iv. 6, 9, 10.
and xvi. 8. 1 Kings xix. 9, 13. Jon. iv. 4. 9; or it marks the wifdom, patience* and
equity of his procedure ; ch. xi. 5, 7. Exod. iii. 8. and xxxiii. 5. Mic. i. 3.
Ver. 22, 23. Abraham's ftanding before, and drawing near to the Lord, imports bir
bold and familiar interceffion with him; I Sam. aiv. 36. Pfal. lxxiii. 28. Heb. vii. ij»
and x, aa. Jam. iv. 8.

Abraham intercedes for Sodom.

CHAP. XVIII.

hot entertains two angels.

Before Chrift
l8?7- '
f Jer. 15. %. Ft 106.
23. Ezek. 22. 30.
1 Tim. 2. 1.
t Ezek. 3-

but Abraham. s ftood yet before the
Lord. 23 % And Abraham drew near, and
%£$. K: faid, 'Wilt thou alfo' deftroy the righ-
iJi. «.""' Mi- teous with the wicked ?
24 Peradventure there be fifty righ
teous within the city ; wilt thou alfo de
ftroy and not fpare the place for the fifty
righteous that are therein ?
25 ' That be far from thee to do after
this manner, to flay the righteous with
the wicked : and that the righteous fhould
be as the wicked, that be far from thee :
fhall not the Judge of all the earth do

« If. 19. 24. & 6s. 8
&6. 13. Jer. ;. I
Ezek.22. ~
34.22.

right ?

26 And the Lord faid, u If I find in
3o. Mat. gp^^ £fty righ'teous within the city,
then I will fpare all the place for their
fakes. 27 And Abraham anfwered and faid,
*jc*4.f9&cK7: x Behold now, I have taken upon me to
rke+fr1'"' fpeak unto the, Lord, who am but duft
and afhes :
28 Peradventure there fhall lack five
of the fifty righteous ; wilt thou deftroy
all the city for lack ofnve ? And he faid,
" If I find there forty and five, I will not
deftroy it.
29 And he fpake unto him yet again,
and faid, Peradventure there fhall be
yK' Jr.o9sff! forty found there ? And he faid, ? I will
5* "*• u-28' not do // for forty's fake.
30 And he faid unto him, y Oh let not
.^the Lord be angry, and I will fpeak :
Peradventure there fhall thirty be found
there ? And he faid, * I will not do //
if I find thirty there.
31 And he faid, z Behold now, Thave
.1.8. m«. 7,7,11: taken upon me to fpeak unto the Lord :

Before Chrift
l897.

Z Heb. 4. ifV & 10.
20—21. Eph. 6.
18. Luke 13. 1. &

Peradventure there fhall be twenty found
there ? And he faid, I will not deftroy ""
/'/ for twenty's fake.
32 And he faid, 7 Oh let not the Lord
be angry, and I will fpeak yet but this
once : a Peradventure ten fhall be found *&%i£:7.T"'
/-.it ... ii-l Ex. 32. 9, 10, 14.
there ? And he faid, I will not deftroy *»'$&*£
// for ten's fake.
^ And the Lord went his way, as i%97'
foon as he had left communing with
Abraham : and Abraham returned unto
his place. CHAP. XIX.
Contains an account of Sodom's ruin, Lot's deliverance,
and miflmprovement of it* (i) Upon trial, the
two angels, who had juft come from Abraham, find
Lot pious and kind, earneft to lodge and entertain
them ; and the Sodomites fo mad upon, and fhamelefs,
in their unnatural luft, that they attempt to force
them ; I — 9. (2) From regard to Abraham, and
kindnefs to Lot, the angels proteil him from the So
domites' ajfaults, and finite them with blindnefs : they
warn him of the deftruclion of the city, and require
him to efcape from it direilly with all his relations :
and, while his fons-in-iaw mocked at the vjarning,
they haflen him, his wife, and two virgin- daughters,
out of the place : and, at his requeft, Zoar is reprieved
from ruin, for a refuge to him; 10 — 23. (3) While
Abraham from a diftance beholds, Sodom and the
cities about are deftroyed with inflamed brimftone
from heaven ; and Lot's wife, for her aifobedient look
towards Sodom, is turned into a pillar of fait ; 24 —
29. (4) Afraid to continue in Zoar, Lot retires to
the mountain, where his daughters, whom he had
rafhly offered to proflitute, feduce him into drunken
nefs and inceft ; and gave rife to the Moabites and
Ammonites, who afterward fo plagued Ifrael ; 30 —
38;, * *
AN D there came a two angels to So- »ch' 18.1,2. *,*;
dom at even ; and Lot b fat in the* » «.. im- jomi.
gate of Sodom : and Lot feeing them rofe
up to meet them ; and he c bowed him- cSeech' '*•**
felf with his. face toward the ground ;
2 And he faid, Behold now, my lords,

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII.— Whilft I highly efteem
the kind fimplicity and humble modefty of thefe ancient times,
let me chiefly admire the kindnefs of my Redeemer, in fo fre
quently vifitihg our world in human fhape, before the fulnefs of
time for his being made of a woman ! But alas, that ever his mef-
§>e! °^ Peace fhould be laughed to fcorn ! — laughed to fcorn by a
faint ! O what infinite mercy and patience, that he did not ftrike
her — that he doth not ftrike us — dead in the very a& of unbelief !
How great is the honour and kindnefs which God hath prepared

_ Ver. 25. Whenever the righteous are cut off with the wicked in public calamities,
it manifeits them to have been partakers with them in their fins ; »mos iii. 2. Rev.
xvm. 4; and yet it is in everlafting'mercy to their foukj If. lvii. 1. Phil. i. 23.

for fuch as are careful to win fouls ! — While his procedure to
punifh the moft abandoned tranfgreffors is gradual and > flow,
readily he grants whatever forbearance his favourites can afk on
their behalf — but much more what is afked in behalf of his
children. What a deep fenfe of their own meannefs and pollution,
familiar intercourfe with God produceth in the choiceft faints \
His prefence muft always fill them with a holy fear, while, as
their covenant God, they dare to plead before him, affured of a
ready audience and a gracious anfwer.

Chap. XIX. Ver. 2. They meant, that they did not defire to trouble him, not
would confent unlefs they were prefled. Thus Chrift, when conftiained by his difciples.,
went in to tarry with them; Luke xxiv. 28, 29; and Paul and SiUs, when conftrained
by Lydia, lodged in her houfe j Ails xvi. 15.

Ist)t haftenedfrotn Sodom.

GENESIS.

Sodom and Gomorrah deftroyed';

Before Chrift
T°97-
d See ch. xS. 4.

turn in, I pray yofe, into your fervant's
houfe, and tarry all night, and d wafh
your feet, and ye fhall rife up early and
etuke-24. 28,29. goon your ways. And they faid, e Nay,
but we will abide in the ftreet all night.
rKa„6.«,s.L,,ke 3 And he f preffed upon them greatly;
.ii.8.&24.28,29. gjj-^-t^gy turned in unto him, and entgred
Ech.i8.6,7-Hrt. into his houfe : g and he made them a
feaft, and did, bake unleavened bread, and-
they did eat.
4. ^[ But, h before they lay down,- the
men ' of the city, even the men of So
dom, compaffed the houfe round, both
old and young, all the people from every
quarter :
5 And k they called unto Lot, and faid
unto him, Where are the men which
came in to thee this night ? bring them
out unto us, that we may know them.
•6 And Lot went out at the door unto
them, and fhut the door after him,
7 And faid, I pray you, l brethren,
do not fo wickedly
8 Behold now,
which have not known man

13. 2. Exod. 12.
J5) 39-

¦b Prov. 6. 18. 8c 4.
16. Mic. 7. 3.
Rom. 3. 15.
J.Ex. 162.&23. 2.

'k If. 3. 9. Judg. 19.
22. Rom. 1. 27.
3>»de 7. Lev. 18.
.3.Z. 8c 20. 13. Jer,
3. 3. 8c 6. IJ.
.a Tun. 3. 13.

1 Ver, 4. 1 Sam. 30.
23. I'. 58. 7. Afts
-17..-26.
,m Rom. 3. 8. Judg.
*0. 24. ch. 42. 37.

m I have two daughters

let

me,

alf. 6

5.5.13am. 17.
Mat. 7. 6. Jer.
0.15-

pray you, bring them out unto you, and
do ye to them as is good in your eyes :
only unto thefe men do nothing ; for
therefore came they under the fhadow of
my roof.
9 And they faid, " Stand back. And
they faid again, This ° one fellow, came
in to fojourn, and he will* needs be a
judge : now will We deal worfe with thee
^JiTiVLm^ ^an with them". "'And they preffed fore
upon the man, even Lot, and came near
to break the door.
10 But the men put forth their hand,
and pulled Lot into, the 'houfe to them,
antel fhut to the door.
1 1 And they fmote the men that were
at the door of the- houfe with * blindnefs,
both fmall and great : fo that they p Wea
ried themfelves to 'find the door.
12 *[ And the men faid unto Lot,
^ Haft thou here any befides ? fon-in-law,

« Ch. 13. II. 2Pet
a. 7, 8.

.^ircls inflamed
their lull. .

• "P!i>aneffes, 2-K.ngi 6. 18.

f 17. 57
36.

Jer.:

q Ch. 7. I. Num. 16.
26. iixod. 11. 31.
Jolh. 6. 22. Rkv.
18. 4. ver. 17. 22.

hters, and
the city, bring

daug

Before Chrift
rSo7. '

a

and thy fons, and thy
whatfoever thou haft in
them out of this place :
13 For ' we will deftroy this place, *f *,»£•«''$
becaufe the cry of them, is waxed great
before the face of the Lord ; and the
Lord hath fent us to deftroy it.
14 And Lot went out, and fpake unto
his fons-in-law, who married his daugh
ters, and faid, s Up, get you out of this
place ; for the Lord will deftroy this
city : but he ' feemed as one that mocked rl ^ ^fc
unto his fons-in-law.
15 And, ' when the morning arofe,
then the angels haftened Lot, faying,
u Arife, take thy wife, and thy two daugh
ters, which "t" are here ; left thou be con
fumed in the * iniquity of the city.
1 6 And * while he lingered the
laid hold upon his hand
hand of his wife, and upon the hand of

13. 13. Rom. 3. 8,
9. Ezek. 3.4,8,,,
Jude 7.

s Rev. 18. 4, Num. '
16. 26. ver. 17.22,
Luke 19. 42,

Jer. zo. 7,

u Num. 16. 26. R3r.
18. 4. ver. 17. as.
f Heb. are found.
* Or, punifhmtnt.
mprf 1 Pf."flQ. 59, 60.
men Zech. \ >* ,ohll
and upon the &44"

y Exod. 34. 6. if. 6).

183. .
106. 8. & 86.5,15.
Luke 6. 35, 36.

his two daughters ; the Lord y being mer- o. m
ciful unto him : and they brought him
forth, and fet him without the city.
1 7 And it came to pafs, when they
had brought them forth abroad, that he
faid, z Efcape for thy life ; lqpk not

-z Ver. 14, 13, 22.
I Kin. 19. 3. Mat.
behind thee, neither flay thou in all the il^fd'
left thou

Phil. 3. 13, 14.

Oh, not *k£%litlu

Ver. 8. It was the ennfufion he .was put into that led him to make this finful offer,
rather than have his rjuefts abufed ; M.irk ix. 6.
. Ver. 11. It was fuch a dimnefs and confufion of fight as that mentioned 2 Kings
\i. 18. Acls xiii. 11. Mark viii. 24. Luke xxiv. 16.
\0-r. 14. Either Lot's virgin-d.-mghtci-6 had been only betrothed to them, or Lot
had other daughters who perifhed in the flames.

plain : efcape to the mountain,
be confumed.
1 8 And Lot faid unto them,
fo, my Lord :
1 9 Behold now, thy fervant hath found
grace in thy fight, and thou b haft magni-b^i.]S|-^
fled thy mercy, which thou haft fhewed
unto me in faving my life ; and I cannot
fome evil* ^^WAmo, 3-6,

left

efcape to the mountain,
take me, and I die :
20 Bellold now, this cltyjs near to flee
unto, and it is a little one : oh, let me
efcape thither (is it not a little one ?) and
my foul fhall live.
21 AndJie faid unto him, d See, I.have d£*fcsv3&ft
accepted' .« thee concerning this thi"-
alfo, that I will not overthrow this city
for the' which thou haft fpoken.

G H Heb. thy fmt.

Ver. 17, The Angel Jehovah was now come up from' Abraham, and charged Lot
and his companions to depart with, the iitnufl hafle, and without the fmalleft regret,
from that rich country abounding with fenfual pleafures; Lukeijj,. 62. PhH. iii. Ijj 1 4"
Mat. xxiv. 16, 17, 18. .... - *
Ver. 20. Its inhabitants are few, and their guilt lefs; norcculd it le a noted eaample
of thy vengeance.

Sodom and Gomorrah defrayed.

C H A P. XIX. XX.

Lot's inceft and infamous pofterity.

Before Chrift
e Ch. 32. 26, 28.
Exod. 32. 10. If.
4S. 11. &6s. 8.
Mark 6. 5. Pf.
91. I — 10.
f If. 47. II. iThefT.
' 5. 2,3. Pf. 73. 18,
ig. Job 34. 20.
E Job 18. 15. Deut.
29. 23. II. it. 19,
Jer. 50. 40. 8c 49.
18. Ezek. 16. 49.
Hof. 11. 8. Amos
4. n. Luke 17. 29.
Jude 7. Job 18. 15.
&20. 16. Pf.ii.6.
Zeph. z. 9. Lam.
4. 6. 2 Pet. 2. ft.
hCh. 13.10. & 14. 3.

i Heb. 10. 38. Prov.
14.14- Luke 17. 32.

k Ch. 18. 22—33.

1 Rev. 18. 18. & 19.
3. Pf. IC7. 34.
Jude 7. Rev. 14.
10, II.

mCh. 8. 1. & 30. is.
Pf. 74. 1. & 32. 1.
£.-25. 7. &io6. 4.
& 136. 23. & 105.
if, 42. Neh. 13.
14,22.

n Ver. 17, 19—23,

e Ch.14.2. & 13.10.
Deut. 34. 3. II. 15.
j. Jer. 48. 34.

22 Hafte thee, efcape thither ; for c I
cannot do any thing till thou be come
thither. Therefore the name of the city
was called Zoar.
23 f The f fun was rifen upon the
earth when Lot entered into Zoar.
24 Theng the Lord rained upon Sodom
and upon Gomorrah brimftone and fire
from the Lord out of heaven ;
25 And he overthrew thofe cities, and
h all the plain, and all the inhabitants of
the cities, and that which grew upon the
ground. 26 ^[ But his wife ' looked back from
behind him, and fhe became a pillar of
fait. 27 ^[ And Abraham gat up early in the
morning to the k place where he ftood
before the Lord :
28 And he looked toward Sodom and
Gomorrah, and toward all the land of the
plain, and beheld, and lo, the l fmoke of
the country went up as the fmoke of a
furnace. 29 And it came to pafs, when God
deftroyed the cities of the plain, that God
m remembered Abraham, and fent Lot out
of the midft of the overthrow, when he
overthrew the cities in the which Lot
dwelt. 30 ^[ And Lot n went up out of Zoar,
and dwelt in the mountain, and his two
daughters with him ; for he feared to
dwell in ° Zoar : and he dwelt in a cave,
he and his two daughters.
3 1 % And the firft-born faid unto the

Bcf •>-<¦ Ch-ift
*s-;7.-
o Vrer. 28. Mark 9.6.
q Ch. 4. 1. 8:(i. 4.
i: io. 2, 4. Deut.
25. ;.
r Ch. 9 21. Pro-r.
2J. 31, 32, 3. &
23. I. 1 Cur.10.il.
s Lev 18. 6, 7, 10,
Co 20. 12,

If- 3- 9-

3. 3. &6. ic.
&S-3-

younger, Our father is old, and there is
^not a man in the earth4 to come in unto
us after the manner of all the earth :
32 Come, let us make our father ' drink
wine, and we will s lie with him, that we
may prefer ve feed of our father.
2^ And they made their father drink
wine that night : and the firft-born went
in, and lay with her father ; and he per
ceived not when fhe lay down, nor when
fhe arofe.
34 And it came to pafs on the morrow,
that the firft-born faid unto the younger,
Behold, c I lay yefternight with my fa- tJ&8
ther : let us make him drink wine this
night alfo ; and go thou in, andYxe with
him, that, we may preferve feed of our
father. 25 And they made their father drink
wine u that night alfo : and the younger
arofe, and lay with him ; and he per
ceived not when fhe lay down, nor when
fhe arofe.
36 x Thus were both the daughters of
Lot with child by their father.
^ j And the firft-born bare a fon, and
called his name Moab : the fame is the
father of the y Moabites unto this day.
38 And the younger, fhe alfo bare a fon,
and called his name Ben-ammi : the fame
is the father of the z children of Ammon *?u"g.'xi.\tm.
. . 1 • j xi. i Sara. x.
unto this day.

t. 4. Eccl. 7.
Prov. 24. iS,

X Ver.S. with judg,
r. 7. 1 Sam. 15.
33, Mat. 7. z, .

S&tf,

y Num. xxii. to
xxiv. Jude. iii.
z Sam. viii. 2 Kin.

CHAP. XX.
Scarcely Was the promifed Ifaac begotten, when his
parents finfully endangered his charaller or life, (i)
Abraham removing to Gerar, a place which belonged

Both of their
were accui fed
nations Deut.
23. j. Neh. 13. 1,
23, 25. See Int-o- ;
duc'tion, p. 51, 52.

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — What an advantage it is
for the world, that, in very wicked places, fome perfons truly pious
may be found ! How encouraging to entertain ftrangers, when
fome have thereby entertained angels unawares ! To what fhoclc-
ing impudence, in the vileft abominations, men's corruptions can
carry them ; and that notwithftanding fharp corrections, or re
markable deliverances ! Ch. xiv. How readily thofe who reprove
fin, by their godly converfation, are an eye-fore to the' wicked !
How quickly the protestors of God's meffengers are rewarded
with remarkable protection, or with refcue from danger ! How
prone are hardened finners to fport with the moft ferious warnings
of ruin, near and terrible! — and even faints, if ftrongly attached

to worldly things, to defer or fhift the means v/hich have been
prefcribed by God for their fafety ! But let us remember, that it
is infinitely hazardous to be under the. reigning power, or even
the prevalence, of a carnal and unbelieving heart ; for, though
God wonderfully reftri&s the range of his judgments for the fake
of his people, and in anfwer to their prayer?, yet he is and will be
juft in depriving them of that wealth, which they finfully attempt- ;
ed to increafe by mingling themfelves with the wicked; ch. xiii.
10, 11. Yea, he caufes men to be quickly wearied of the fhifts
which themfelves devifed for their fafety, and obliged to take that
at laft which he at firft prefcribed them. But how dangerous is
drunkennefs ! for it readily iffues in whoredom and lafting fhame !

Ver. 24. The Son of God rained inflamed brimftone from his Father out of heaven ;
John v. 19. Pfal. xi. 6. Job xviii. 15. as a figure of their eternal fufferings in hell;
Jude 7. 2 Pet. ii. 6. Rev. xiv. 10, 19, 20. and xxi. 8.
Ver. 25. The vale of Siddim was burnt up, and turned into a fait fee; ch. xiv. 3.
Num. xxxiv. 12. Deut. ill, 17. Tofli. iii. 16.
Vol. I. J

Ver. 26. A lafting monument of God's wrath againft her Jifobcdience, unbelief,
and love to the world; Luke xvii. 32, Num. xvi. 38.
Ver. 29. God ftiewed his regard to his own promife of making him a bleffing;
ch. xii. 3. and to his interceffion in behalf of Sodom; ch. xviii. 25; and to Lot's
relaiiimlhip to him; ch. xiv. 14, 16. E

Abraham again denies his wife.

GE'NESI S.

Before Ch-ift
1S97.

b Deut. I. 10. ch.
14. 7. & 16. 14.
I Sam. 15. 7.
c Ch. 26. I, 20.
2 Cl.-. . 14. 13, 14.
d Ch. 12. 13. & 26.
7. Prov. 24. 16.
2 Chron. 19. 2. Sc
2,1 37. Eph. 4, 25.
Col. 3. 91
e Pf. 105. 14. Ezek.
33. 14. Jon. 3. 4.

f Ch. 34. 24. z Sam.
4. 11. witneh. 1&.
25. ver. 17, 18.

* r5r, ftmplic'-tv, or
/nccriir, 1 Kin. 9.
4. 1 Chr. 29. 17.
K 24. 4. & 73. 15.
& 86. 2.

g Ch. 31. 7. and 35.
5. Exod. 34. 24.
1 Sain. 25. 261
Prov. 21. I. ch.
39. 9. Pf. 51-. 4-
l,ev. 6* 2. with
IT.81. iz. lThef.
a. 7, 11.

* pr. 10;. 15. & 2$.
14. Heb. 1. 1.
i iKin.i3.6.lKin. 5. II. Jer. 14. II.
&i;. 1.&27, 13.
2 Sain. 24, 17. Job
42. 8. Jam. 5. 16,
Rev. II. c, 6.
kVer. 18. ch. 12.17.
Pf. 105. 14. Job
34. 19. Heb. 13.4.

to the Philiflines, and pretending Sarah to be his
fiflef, fhe is taken into king Abimelech's court, in
order to be taken to his bed; I, 2. (2) The Lord, in
a dream, warns Abimelech of his danger, accepts his
txcufe, and charges him, under pain of death to him-
f If and family, to reft ore her; 3 — 7. (3) After
warning his fervants, chiding Abraham for the cheat
which he' had put upon him, and hearing his pitiful
is.mf, Abimelech reftores Sarah, with feveral pre-
fenis ; 8—16. (4) Upon Abraham' s interceffion,
God removes the plague which had been inflilrUd
upon Abimelech and his family to puntfl) bis rajh lam-
firing ivith Sarah; 17,18.
N D Abraham journeyed from
1 thence toward the fouth-country,
and dwelled between b Kadefh and Shur,
and fojourned in c Gerar.
2 And Abraham d faid of Sarah his
wife, She is my fifter : and Abimelech
king of Gerar fent and took Sarah.
3 But e God came to Abimelech in a
dream by night, and faid to him, Be
hold, thou art but a dead man for the
woman which thou haft taken, for fhe
is a man's wife.
4 But Abimelech had not come near
her : and he faid, Lord, wilt thou f flay
alfo a righteous nation ?
5 Said he not unto me, She is my fif
ter ? and fhe, even fhe herfelf, faid, He
is my brother : in the * integrity of my
heart and innocency of my hands have I
done this.
6 And God faid unto him in a dream,
Yea, I know that thou didft this in the
integrity of thy heart ; for I alfo s with
held thee from finning againft me:
therefore fuffered I thee not to touch
her. 7 Now therefore reftore the man his
wife ; for he is a h prophet, and he fhall
1 pray for thee, and thou fhalt live : and
if thou reftore her not, k know thou that
thou fhalt furely die, thou and all that
are thine.
8 Therefore Abimelech rofe earlv in

'• 3-
xl.

God often intimated' his mind in dreams-; ch. xxviii. 12.
3. and xli»i. iJCings iii. 5. Jer. xxiii. 25.28,32. Dan.

Chap. XX. Ve
xxxi. 24. xxxvii. 5.
ii. 1. and iv. 2.
Ver. 4. He was afraid that he, or even his fubjects, however innocent in this point,
might for his fake, 2 Sam. xxiv. 17. 1 Chron. xxi. 14, 17. Jer. xv. 4. be' deftroyed,
as the Sodomites had been.
Ver 7. Abraham was a prophet, an interpreter of God's will; Exod. vii. ir; and
one to whom, he freely and .familiarly manifefted his perfections and purpofes; Amos
iii. 7.

Before Chrift

111 Ch, 39. 9. H<#.
lj-4- Lev. 20. ia,
2baai. 12. io, u,
¦i<Uuii. z. 14.

n ?f. 36. 1-4. &
14.4.

o Gen. 12. 13. Sz
it. 19. She v, la
th; daughter of
hii eidat brother*

Abimelech reftores Sarah, fifr.
the morning, and called all his fervants,
and told all thefe things in their ears :
and the men were fore afraid.
9 % Then' Abimelech called Abraham,
and faid unto him, ' What haft thou done ic-h.,i.&a:afj,10,
unto us ? and how have I offended thee,
that thou haft brought on me and on my
kingdom m a great fin ? Thou haft done
deeds unto me that ought not to be done.
10 And Abimelech faid unto Abraham,
What faweft thou, that thou haft done
this thing ?
1 1 And Abraham faid, Becaufe I
thought, n Surely the fear of God is not
in this place ; and they will flay me for
my wife's fake.
1 2 And yet indeed 6 fhe is my fifter ;
fhe. is the daughter of my father, but not
the daughter of my mother ; and fhe
became my wife.
13 And it came to pafs, when God
caufed me to wander from my father's
houfe, that I faid unto her, This is thy
kindnefs which thou flialt fhew unto me ;
At every place whither we mall come
p fay of me, He is my brother.*
1 4 5f And Abimelech took fheep, and
oxen, and men-fervants, and women-fer-
vants, and gave them unto Abraham, and
reftored him Sarah his wife.
15 And Abimelech faid, Behold, my
land is ' before thee : dwell + where it
pleafeth thee.
16 And unto Sarah he faid, Behold, I
have given thy r brother a thoufand pieces
of filver : behold he is to thee a covering
of the eyes, unto all that are with thee,
and with all other: s thus fhe was re
proved. 1 7 f So Abraham ' prayed unto God :
and God healed Abimelech, and his wife,
and his maid-fervants ; and they bare
children. 1 8 For the Lord had u faft"clofed up all

p Ch. 12. 13.

q Ctt. 13. 9V
f Heb. as is good W
thine eyet.

rVer. 5. Prov.27.J'r

s Jori. 1. 6.

t Jam- y- 16. Matt
7. 7. If. 45. 11.

u Ch. 12. 17. &J0.
2.&16. 2.feev.7»

Ver. u. The true fear cf God is not a flavi/h dread of him; as ch. xv. I ; but
an abiding, kindly, and reverential awe of him, wrought in the heart by his Spirit;
difpofing and enabling to keep his commandments, and to hate and avoid whatever is
fin-ttil; Jer. xxxii. 40. Eccl. xii. 13. Prov." viii. 13. and xvi. 6. Gen. xxii. »•
xxxix. 9. and xiii. 18. Neh. v. 15. Job. i. I. Rom. iii.' 18.
Ver. 16. Either he gave this prefent of about 115I. fterling to Sarah, to pilrchafe
veils for her and her maidens for the concealment of their beauty; or to Abraham, as
a memorial f;r Saiah to take heed henceforth to own him, not as her brother, liuTa*
her tuft and, as the belt fafeguard of her ehaftity.

Ifaac bom,
Befcrcchr.* the wombs of the houfe of Abimelech,
becaufe of Sarah Abraham's wife.

CHAP. XXL

and Ifhmael bani/hed.

CHAP.

XXI.

a PC T2. 6. ch. 17,
19. & 18.10. Rom
4. 17, 18, 19, 20.
Tit. 1. 2. R.om. 23
19.

b Acts 7- 8- Gal. 4,
22. HeU n. 11.
, ch. .17. 21. & 18.
10. 14. Horn. 9. 9.

cCh.17.lCnv. 6'. 12.
Rom. 9^ 7. Ails
H--3-

Rom. 9, 7
7,-3..Jofh.

d Ch. 17. ib, KB.
Luke I. 8. DIsut,
- 12. .32,
about 1896.
t Ch. 17- 1, 17-

flf. 49. K, 21. 8c
«. I. Gal 4. 28.
Heb. n. II. I Sam.
z. 1 — 10. Luke 1.
46—55. John 16.
11, 22.

Nbiv at laft the promife of a feed, after about thirty
years expectation, is fulfilled io Abraham, and at
tended with a mixture of joys and troubles. We have
here, (1) The birth, the naming, the circumcifion,
and weaning of Ifaac, and the joy of his parents at
tending the fame ; I — 8. (2) At the requeft of
Sarah, and by the direction of God, Ifhmael and his
mother are ejecled from the family, for his cruel
mocking of Ifaac. Both are on the point of perifhing
in the wildernefs of Tar an; but God comforts Ha
gar, and Jhews her a welh There they take up their
abode : and Ifhmael becomes an archer, and marries
an Egyptian; 9 — 21. (3) Afraid of Abraham's
e-xceffive profperity, Abimelech folicits, and obtains, a
covenant of friendfhip with him, and reftores him a
well; 22 — 32. (4) Abraham, chiefly regarding
God's covenant with him, plants a grove for devo
tion, and eftablifhes the public worfhip of God at his
refidence; 33, 34.
AND a the Lord vifited Sarah as he
had faid, and the Lord did unto
Sarah as he had fpoken.
2 Por Sarah v conceived, and bare
Abraham a fon ill his old age, at the fet
time of which God had fpoken to him.
3 And Abraham called the name of his
fon that Was born unto him, whom Sarah
bare to him, c Ifaac.
4 And Abraham circumcifed his fon
Ifaac, being eight days old, d as God had
commanded him*
5 And Abraham- was an e hundred years
old when his fon Ifaac was born unto
him. 6 f And Sarah faid, f God hath made
me to laugh, fo tihat- all that hear will
laugh with me.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — In my wanderings through
this werld,. let rae commit vnyfelfj and. all my concerns, to God
,-as my G.oi ! If J>hqYah he my Gady my .fhield, and my ex
ceeding great reward; I hawe no need of affiftance or protection
&om fjatan, nor of any. evafive arts to fhelier.ma. from- danger.
Nev.etyther.efore, let remarkable favours from Gad_he immediately
¦ fallowed with fiofml unwatchfulnefs, , and fear of man, which oauf-
ettua fnare ! And. if I have heen. once overcame by them, let.me
¦toke heed tprriy. fteps, left, my luft. error- be worfe- than my firft' :
"bul^, effjecially if. I. have real, grace, . let me be.ware , of becoming, a

Before Chrift
1804.

hGai.4.2Q.Heb.ir. 36. Neh. 2. 9. 8c
4. I, 2. Pf. 22. 6.

!. t. 30. a. 1;.
19. cc 17, 19. 21.
Prov. 22. ro. 8c
20. II. John-8. 35.
I John 2. 19. Mat.
8. II, I2.&23.I-3.
k Ch. 17. iS. with
16. 2. Heb. 12. 11.
foiutij.%

7 And fhe faid, Who would have faid
unto Abraham that Sarah fhould have ~
given children fuck ? for I have born him
a fon in his old age.
8 And the child grew, and was wean
ed : and Abraham made a * great feaft the «g-&J;*££
ame day that Ifaac \yas weaned. i*. tsam. 25.56.
J 2?am.3.20. lKin.
9 f And Sarah faw the fon of Hagar »¦ «¦ £ith' '• *
the Egyptian, whom fhe had born unto
Abraham, h mocking.
10 Wherefore fhe faid unto Abraham,
1 Caft out this bond-woman and her fon ;
for the fon of this bond-woman fhall not
be heir with my fon, even with Ifaac.
1 1 And the thing was very k grievous
in Abraham's fight becaufe of his fon.
1 2 And God faid unto Abraham, Let
it not be grievous in thy fight becaufe of
the lad, and becaufe of thy bond- woman ;
in all that Sarah hath faid unfc- thee,
hearken unto her voice ; l for in Ifaac ¦ ¦£">;£•% s- lieb-
fhall thy feed be called.
1 3 And alfo of the fon of the bond
woman m will I make a nation, becaufe mS!&6z'fIt]l
he is thy feed.
r4 And Abraham n rofe up early in n ^;9' ^ Eccl-
the morning, and took bread, and a bottle
of water, and gave it unto Hagar (put
ting if an her fhoulder) and the child,
and1 fent her away : and fire departed1,
and " wandered in the wildernefs of Beer- 0 0*1.4- *3>*5-
fheba. i'S % ^nd the water wasr fpent in the
bottle, and fhe caft the child under one
of the fhrubs.
16 And fhe went, and fat her down
over againft him~-& good way off, as" it Were

tempter to the profane or gracelefs. — How much God-dctcffs
uncleannefs ! To prevent it, he inflicls judgments upon, ;oid
gives- extraordinary warnings even, to, Heathens. How pitiful ovo
the bell excufes which men, particularly faint?, can make for their
finning! And' it muft be confidercd as an infinite raeixyth.vt
God,, though he fometimes puts h'.s people to. fhame far their folly,
takes, more care of their honour, and efpecially of the honoar of
his promifes, than rtiey do. And the prayers of. penitent faints
are profitable to the greateft men upon, earth.

Chat. XXI.. Ver. A, GeAvjJiud-S&'afa fj.e,). granted the mercy he had promifed;
ch, 1. 24, 25. Exod. iv..Ji. Ruth i. 6. 1 Sam. ii. 21. Job x. 12. Luke i. 68.
Ver. J. r. c. Laughter, fo called becaafe of h» father's believing, and his mother's
'BWbafifcriMJ-, laughter at-trSte-prctrmfe'-ef his birth, tfnd-bc-caufe of their g-real joy at the
fol&lment of it; ch. xvii. 17. and xviii. I*< ven 6» If. liv. n -¦
Ver. «2. Ifaac, as thine heir, fnall bear and propagate thy name; and the promifed

feed and land, and the fpiritual prerogatives, fhall be entailed uron him ; Rom. ix. 7, 8.
Heb. xi. 8.
Ver. 14. Breed and mater include all neceflary provision ; of which, it is prjblb'p,
theyhad ftitficient-wfrave fevved' them till th<SJ- had "gotten to 11 aj.it 3 friend'', inligspi ,
had they not loft their way.
E %

Before Ch.-ift
'894-
pProv. 21. 16. Lu'n.
15. i< — 17. If. 49,
15. Zech. 12. 10.
1 ICin. 3. 26.

q Ch. 16. II. Exod.
22, 23, 27. 2K n.
13.4. Mat. 15. 32.
PI. 65. 2. & 50.15.
&91. 15.

' fee ch, 15
43- 13, 14. Mark 5.
36. Rev. 1. 18.

e ch. 15. I.
. I, 2. &4I.

Ill great

Ifhmael is preferred, and married.
a bow-fhot : for fhe faid, p Let me not fee
the death of the child. And fhe fat over
againft him, and lifted up her voice, and
wept. 1 7 And q God heard the voice of the
lad : and the angel of God called to Ha
gar out of heaven, and faid unto her,
ir. What aileth thee, Hagar ? r fear not ; for
God hath heard the voice of the lad
where he is.
18 Arife, lift up the lad, and hold him
thine hand ; for s I will make him a
nation.
1 9 And God f opened her eyes, and fhe
faw a well of water ; and fhe went, and
filled the bottle with water, and gave the
lad drink.
20 And u God was with the lad ; and he
grew, and dwelt in the wildernefs, and
became an archer.
2 1 And he dwelt in the wildernefs of
Paran : * and his mother took him a wife
out of the land of Egypt.
22 ^[ And it came to pafs at that time,
that Abimelech and Phichol the chief
captain of his hoft fpake unto Abraham,
faying, y God is with thee in all that
thou doeft :
23 Now therefore z fwear unto me here
by God that thou wilt not deal falfely

GENESIS. Abraham and Abimelech covenant.
melech's fervants had violently taken

* Ver. 13. ch. 16. 10.
& 17. 20. 8c 25,
12—18. I Chr. I.
¦uj. 31.
t Luke 24. 16, 31.
Mum. 22. 31.
2 ECin. 6. 17, 18,
la. Ii. 35. 5.

u Ch. 17. 20. & 16.
12, & 39. 2, 21.
Judg. 6. 12.

xCh.24.4. &28.2.
Jude. 14. 2. 1 Cor.
7.3%.

Before Chrjft
1894.

y Ch. 26. 28. & 20.
17. & 39. 3. Jofh.
3.7. 2 Cbron.
I, I. Rom. 8. 31.
Heb. 13.5. I Cor.
14, 25. If. 45. 14.
% Ch. 14. 22, 23. &
26. 28. 8c 31. 44,

icor.^.Tsam: with me, nor with ray fon, nor with my
20. 13—17. Heb. _...-. ,J. ' , . . . i.
6.- ifi. Jer. 4. 2.
Deut. 6. 13.

a Heb. 6. 16. Rom.
12. 18. ch. 14. 13.
k Ch. 26. 15—22. &
29,8. Exod. 2. 15,
16, 17. Judg. 1. 15.

fon's fon : but according to the kindnefs
that I have done unto thee thou fhalt do
unto me, and to the land wherein thou
haft fojourned.
24 And Abraham faid, a I will fwear.
25 And Abraham reproved Abimelech
b becaufe of a well of water, which Abi-

away. 26 And Abimelech faid, CI know not
who hath done this thing : neither didft
thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it but
to-day. 27 And Abraham d took fheep and
oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech ;
and both of them made a covenant.
28 And Abraham fet feven ewe-lambs
of the flock by themfelves.
29 And Abimelech faid unto Abra
ham, What mean thefe feven ewe-lambs
which thou haft fet by themfelves ?
30 And he faid, For thefe feven ewe-
lambs fhalt thou take of my hand, that
e they may be a witnefs unto me that I
have digged this well.
31 Wherefore he called that place
* Beer-fheba ; becaufe there they fware
both of them.
32 Thus they made f a covenant at
Beer-fheba. Then Abinaeleeh rofe up,
and Phichol the chief captain of his hoft,
and they returned into the land of the
Philiftines. ^^ % And Abraham planted a + grove
in Beer-fheba, and E called there on the
name of the Lord, hthe everlafting God.
34 And Abraham ' fojourned in the
Philiftines' land many days.
CHAP. XXII.
Ifaac being now, perhaps, thirty-three years of age,
we have here, (i) God's fharpeft trial of Abraham's
faith and obedience, by his ftrange command to go
and facrifice his promifed fon, in whom his feed was
to be called, in the moft open and deliberate manner ;
1, 2. (2) Abraham's remarkable faith, and ready
obedience to this trying command ; 3 — 10. (3) The

c Ch. 13. 7. 2 Kin.
5.22.

d Prov. 18. 24, 16. &
19. 6. & 17. 8. &
21. 14.

e Ch. 31. 44—48.
Jofh. 24. 27. &
22. 27.

* That is, the well of
the cath. ver. ij.
ch. 26. 31.- Jbfh.
15. 28.- Judg*. 20.
1. 2 Sara; 17.. II.
I Kin. 4. 25. It
was the foutn bor
der of Canaan.
{ Ch. 14. 13. & 3J.
53. 1 Sam. 18. 3.
About 1 £54.. '

f Or, tret.
g See ch. 12. 8.
h Rom. 16.26.
1 Tim. 1. 17. &
6. 16. Pf. 90. 2. If.
57. 15. 8c 40. 28.
i Heb. II. 9. Pf. 39.
12. I Pet. 2. 11.
1 Chi 011. 20. 15.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — What a pleafure God
fometimes takes to delay the fulfilment of promifes, till it be
comes, humanly fpeaking, improbable, if not impoffible, for the
trial of our faith and patience ; but he never defers it a moment
beyond the due time ; and the joys which attend the feafonable
fulfilment thereof are great and certain: and yet even then our
attempts to anticipate it often mingle our joys with wormwood
and gall ! How proper, in all our ftraits, to confult the Lord ;
and to Yequeft and hope for his watchful care over our relations,
particularly fuch as are expofed to dangers ! Let my care be to
honour God in all my conduit, and he will take care to honour

me before the world, as is good in his fight. — And, while Sarah
and her family rejoice over her fon, let me, let all the redeemed,
rejoice that to us a Child is born, to us a Son is given, whofe
name is Wonderful ; and that God in him hath made tis, like
Ifaac, children of the promife! Let us Gentiles rejoice that,
while the Hebrews are, like Ifhmael, caft out to be wandering,
wild, and hated, we are called to the fellowship of the fons ot
God! Here, likewife, let us obferve how fharply God corre£ts-'
thofe who have been infolent defpifers of others ; and how near
the moft feafonable mercies may be, whilft we perceive them
not !

Ver. -25 — 30. In thefe hot countries a well was of great value; ch. xxvi. 18, 20,21.
Abimelech's acceptance of the feven ewe-lambs imported his renunciation of all claim
to this we'll.

Ver. 33. The planting of groves, for the opportunity of greater retirement when
worfliipping God, being afterward* Jabufed to promote idolatry and fuperftition,, was
forbidden; Exod. xxxiv. 13. DeUt. xvi. 21, , ,.

Abraham commanded to offer Ifaac.

CHAP. XXII.

Ifaac's death divinely prevented.

Before Chrift
1863.

Lord's gracious reward of it, in preventing the in
tended flaughter of Ifaac, providing a ram in his
ftead, and folemnly confirming his covenant with
Abraham and his feed. (4) Upon his return hence,
Abraham is informed of the remarkable increafe of
his brother Nahor' s family, out of which God intend
ed tuives for Ifaac and facob; 19 — 24..
AN D it came to pafs after thefe
things that a God did tempt Abra
ham, and faid unto him, Abraham. And
he faid, v Behold, here I am.
2 And he faid, Take now b thy fon,
thine only fon Ifaac, whom thou loveft,
and get thee into the land of c Moriah,
and offer him there for a burnt-offering
upon one of the mountains which I will-
tell thee of.
3 \ And Abraham d rofe up early in the
morning, and faddled his afs, and took
two of his young men with him, and
Ifaac his fon, and clave the wood for the
burnt-offering, and rofe up, and c went
unto the place of which God had told
him. 4 Then on the f third day Abraham
lifted up his eyes, and faw the place afar
off. 5 And Abraham faid unto his young
men,, s Abide ye here with the afs y and
I and the lad will go yonder and worfhip,
and come again to you.
6 And. Abraham took the wood of the
M7.5JLuke't("15); burnt-offering, and h laid it upon Ifaac
3.'i8.2c„r'.j?2^ his fon ; and he took the fire in his hand,
and a knife ; and they went both of them
together. 7 And Ifaac fpake unto Abraham his
father, and faid, My father : and he faid,
Here am I, my fon. And he faid, Behold

is

the

Before Chrift
1863.

alfcb. ti. 17. '.Sam.
24. 1. with Jam.
I. 13.

* Heb. Behold me.
b Ch. 21. 12. John
3. 16. Rom. 5.8.
I John 4. 9, 10.

c 2 Chr. 3. 1. Here
the temple was
afterward b j; it.

•fCh. 21. 14. Pf.119.
60. Eccl. 9. 10.
Heb. 11. 19.

c Ver. 2. Mark'io.
28—34. Deut. 12.
32. John 8. 29.
Heb. 5. 8. Phil.
2.8.

f Exod. 19. II, IJ.
Lev. 7. 17. Num.
19. 12, 19. 8c 31.
19. z Km. 20. 5.
Hot;" 6. 2. I Cor.
«5- 4;

g Mat. 9. 16. Heb.
12. 1. 8c 11. 19.

the fire and the wood : but where
+ lamb for a burnt-offering ?. t0r, ud.
8 And Abraham faid, My fon, ' God '^fffciYhf?'
will provide himfelf a lamb for a burnt-
offering. So they went both of them to
gether. 9 And they came to the k place which
God had told him of; and Abraham built
an altar there, and laid the wood in or
der ; and bound Ifaac his fon, and ' laid
him on the altar upon the wood.
10 And Abraham ftretched forth his
hand, and took the knife to flay his
fon. 1 1 % And the m angel of the Lord
called unto him out of heaven, and laid,
Abraham, Abraham. And he faid, Here
am I.
12 And he faid, n Lay not thine hand
upon the lad, neither do thou any thing
unto him : for now ° I know that thou
feareft God, feeing thou haft not with
held thy fon, thine only fon from me.
13 And Abraham lifted up. his eyes,
and looked, and behold p behind him a
ram caught in a thicket by his horns :
and Abraham went and took the ram,
and offered him up for a burnt -offering in
the ftead of his fon.
14. And Abraham q called the name of
that place + Jehovah -jireh : as it is faid to
this day, r In the mount of the Lord it
fhall be feen.
1 5 ^[ And the angel of the Lord called
unto Abraham out of heaven the fecond
time ;
1 6 And faid, 5 By myfelf have I fworn, s ^.Sfb.W.I:
faith the Lord, for becaufe thou haft done

k Ver. 2, 3, 4. Mat.
xxi. xxvi. xxvii.

I Jam. 2. 21—23.
Heb. 11. 17 — 19.
Jf- S3- 4. 5, 6, 10.
Hat. 8. 20. xxvi.
xxvii 2Cor. 5. 21.
Gal. 3. 13. Phil. 2.
7,8. Heb.1.9. 10.
tit a. 28. 1 Pet. 2.
24 .& 3. 18.

m Ch. 16. 7. & 21.
17. ver. 16.

nHeb. II. 19. 2 Cor.
8. 12. 1 Cor. 10.
13- Job. 5. 19.
o Mat. 5. 16. 8c 16.
24. & 10. 37, 38-
8c 19. 29. Jam. 2.
18, 21. with John
3. 16. Rom. 5. 8,
I John 4. 9, 10.

p If. 30. 21. ver. t.
Pf. 89. 19, 20."
iPet. 1. 19. Prov.
8. 23, 31. Pf. 40.
6 — 8. Jer. 3J. 21.

q, Exod. 17. 15.
Judg. 6. 24. Ezek.
48.35.
t That is, the LOP B
will fee, or pro*
vide) ver. 8, 13.
r Dcui. 32. ;6. Pf.
135. 14. John 1.
14. I Tim. 3. 16.

Chat. XXII. Ver. 1. God tempts no man by enticing him to fin; Jam. i. 13;
nor doth the word N'ffah, hereufed, ever fignify any fuch thing, but to try exquifitely:
nor doth God try men in order to promote or confirm his own knowledge of them, but
to manifeft what they are to themfelves and to the world, that his rewarding or punch
ing them may appear the more wife and equal, or his bleffing them the more gracious;
Deut. viii. 2. and xiii. 3. Judg. ii. 22. 2 Chron. xxxii. 31. Pf. exxxix. 23, 24.
1 Cor. x. 13. Exod. xv. 25. and xvi. 4. Jam. i. 12. 1 Sam. iii. 4, 6. By this com
mand God tried the faith of Abraham with refpeel to his believing that in Ifaac his
feed fhould he called; and that, through the death of the Meffiah, he, and other be
lievers, mould obtain everlafting falvation : and tried his obedience in the moft tender
point that could be conceived, his deliberate flaying of his darling, his only fon by his
wife, his only fon now left in his own houfe; ch. xxi. 1, 12, 14.
Ver. 5. He firmly believed that God would reftore his fon to life from the afhes
into which he expected he would be burnt, and caufe him to come back with him j
Heb. xi. 19.
Ver. (5. As Ifaac bore the wood, fo Chrifl bore our fins and his crofs, the caufe and
means of his fuffering; If. liii. 6. 1 Pet. ii. 24. John xix. 17. and fo we ought to
bear our crofs; Luke xiv. 27. _ , .
Ver. 9. Ifaac, though able to refift, yielded up himfelf, as typical of Chrift's volun
tary oblation of himfelf for us; Phil, ii. 8. Eph. v. 2. Afts viii. 32;

Ver. 12. After lying under a fentence of death three days, Ifaac was releafed by the
orders of Heaven, as a figure of Chrift's refurreclion on the third day; 1 Cor. xv. 3, 4.
Mat. xvi. 21. xvii. 23. and xx. 19. Luke xiii. 32.
Ver. 13. This ram was directed hither by divine Providence, as a figure of Chrift
appointed of God, and engaged to make atonement for our fins; 1 Pet. i. 19. Job
xxxiii. 24.
Ver. 14. In the extremities of diftrefs God interpofeth as an helper and deliverer;
Deut. xxxii. 36. Mic. iv. 10. Mat. xv. 32. And on mount Moriah, in the temple,
God was long manifefted in the fymbols of his prefence; 2 Chron. iii. 1. Pfal.
lxxvi. 2. And there Jefus often appeared while in the flefh; Hag-, ii. 7. John ii. v.
vii. viii. ix. and x.
Ver. 16 — 18. Heb. vi. 13 — 18. " When God made promife to Abraham, becaufe
" he could fwear by no greater, he fwaie by himfelf, faying, Surely bleffing I will
" blefs thee, &c. — an oath for confirmation is — an end of all ftrife ; wherein God,
" willing more abundantly to lhew unto the heirs of promife the immutability of his
" counfel, confirmed it by an oath, that, by two immutable things, his w:.rd and
tl oath, in which it is impoffible for God to lie, we might have a ftrong confolation."
— The promifes here folemnly confirmed by oath almoft wholly related to his Hebrew
and his fpiritual feed; ch. xxi. 12. To poffefs the gates of their enemies is to obtain their
country, or have dominion over them, and rule among them ; ch. xxiv, 60. Deut.

Abraham bleffed. Nahods pofterity,

GENESIS.

Before Chrift
1863.

this thing, and haft not withheld thy
fon, thine on\y- fon :
1 7 That in blefling I will blefs thee,
and in multiplying ' I will multiply thy
feed as the ftars of the heaven, and as the
fand which is upon the fea-fhore ; and
Xw£rX- SSI: thy feed fhall poflefs u the crate of his ene-
21. 19. pf. 2,8,9. - *t>
mies ;
1 8 * And in ' thy feed fhall all the na
tions of the earth be bleffed ; becaufe thou
haft obeyed my voice.
1 9 So Abraham returned unto his young
men, and they rofe up and went toge
ther to y Beer-fheba ; and Abraham dwelt
at Beer-fheba. 20 5T -And it came to pafs after thefe
things that it was z told Abraham, faying,
Behold, a Milcah, fhe hath alfo born chil
dren unto thy brother Nahor ;
2 1 b Huz his firft-born, and Buz his
'¦ t[tl"nwim.'23.'7. brother, and Kemuel the father of e Aram,
1 ch. 24. ia. 22 And Chefed, and Hazo, and Pil-
A %? ,5'M' & dafh, and Jidlaph, and d Bethuel.
23 And Bethuel begat c Rebekah : thefe
eight Mdcah did bear to Nahor, Abraham's
brother. 24 And his r concubine, whofe name
was Reumah, fhe bare alfo Tebah, and
-Gaham, and Thahafh, and Maachah.
CHAP. XXIH.
,(1) Scarcely was Ifaac reftored from deatlrin a figure,
vjhen Sarah dies and Abraham mourns; X, 2. (2)
Upon Abraham's, requeft of a buryipg^place, the Hit-
tites freely offer him his choice of thefrfepulchres; but
he infifts upon pur chafing the cave :of Machpelah from

tCh. 12. 2. & 13.16.
& y. 5. & j7. 6
& 26 4. & 28. 3
14, Sec. Jer. 32.

Dan. 2. 44, 45.
I Cor. 15. 57.
sCh.I2. J.&18.18.
8c 2fj. 4. Acts 3.
25. Gal. 3. 8, 29.
PL 72. 17. Eph. 1.
a.' Rom. 8. 17.

y See ch. 21. 31.
Jofh. 15. 23.
Judg. 20. l.

z Prov. 25. 25.
a Ch. 11. 29. 8c 24.

b Job I. i. & 32. 2.

«Ch. 24. 15,24,67.
Rom .'9 to.

f Half-wife, ch. 16.
3. with 25. 6.

' Reflections; upon Chap. XXII. — How neceffary, to count
the caft when, we enter upon a. religious life ! for who knows how
many and how great our trials in it may be, fince trials are in
creafed in proportion tn men's faith, and. fpiritual comfort. Thofe
trials are moft afflicting to the believer, which, not only. fly. in. the
faco of natural affection, or. of outward honour and pleafure, but
even threaten to frufrrate the promifes, of God : yet thrice happy
are they, who, under the foreit trials, heartily acquiefce in, the
will of God, and firmly cleave to bis promife ! who; though he
flay ttiem, yet will ftill tr.uft in. him ! For often, when the nights
«f. tria> are at the v.ory darkefi, the Lord fteps in, compalTeth
them, about with fongs of deliverar.ee, and bleffeth with all fpiri-

/.*'.. 1Q.. xvi. 20, and xxv. 7. The Jews. lyid temporal dominion over then; enemies
in, the time of Joftua, David., &c, Jpih. vi — xix. 2,Sam, viii, x.' And Chrift, and his
people have a fpiiitual dominion over. theirs ; Pial. ii. 8, y and xxii. 27, — Jo. Dan.
iv. 44, 45. Col. ii. 15. 1 Cor. xv. 25, 57,. Rom. viii. 37.
Ver. 24, Concubines were women of.a. middle condition, befween wives an^ har
lots ; a, kind oF.half-wives, lharing, in, bed and board, but not in the government' 0/ the
family; ch. xxv.'i, 6. xxx. 4. and xxxv. 22. Judg. rjx. 1. 1 Kings xi. 3. 1, Chron.
j. 3^. They'lerveJ under "the lawful wives, if alive; ch. xvi. 6, 7. and xxxii. 22;

Sarah" s age and death.
Ephron, for its full value; 3 — 18. (3) Having B,:fo,| chri«
bought it, he inters Sarah in it, and retains it for a " : * '
burying-place; 19, 20..
AND Sarah was a an hundred and
feven and twenty years old : thefe
were the years of the life of Sarah.
2 And Sarah died in b Kirjath-arba ; the
fame is Hebron in the land of Canaan :
and Abraham came to c mourn for Sarah,
and to weep for her.
3 \ And Abraham ftood up from before
his dead, and fpake unto the fons of Heth,
faying, 4 1 am a d ftranger and a fojourner with
you : give me a pofleflion of a burying-
place with you, that I may e bury my
dead out of my fight.
5 And the children of Heth anfwered
Abraham, laying unto him,
6 Hear us, my lord : thou art * a migh
ty prinee among us: in the choice of our
fepulchres bury thy dead ; none of us fhall
withhold from thee his fepulchre, but
that thou mayeft bury thy dead.
7 And Abraham ftood tip, and f bow
ed himfelf to the people of the land, even
to the children of Heth ;
8 And he communed with them, fay
ing, If it be your mind that I fhould
bury my dead out of my fight, hear me,
and entreat for me to Ephron the fon of
Zohar, 9 That he may give me the cave of
Machpelah, which he hath, which is in
the end, of his field ; for + as much money

a Sarah is the only
woman whofe age
is recorded in
fcripture, ch. 17.
17- & 15- 15- &
25. 8,
b Ch. 13. 18. Num.
13- 20. Jofh. 14.
H.1S-
c Ch. 50. 20. Deut.
34- 8. 2 Sam. 1.
12, rj. John n.
35- J«. 22. 18.

d Lev. 25. 23. 1 Chr.
29. 15. Pi". 39. ,2,
8c 119. 19. &10;.
12, 13. Heb. II.
13— IO. ch. 17.8.
I Pet. 2. 11.
e Ch. 3. 19. Eccl. 12.
5, 7- & 6- 3- M
p. 23.

* Heb, a prince of
God, ch. 21. 22.
If. 45. 14. i-Jotm
3. i;«.

PCh. 18.2. & 19. 1.
' 2' Sain'. 16. 4.
I Pet. 3. 8. Prov.
18. 24. Rom. r2.
17.18. Heb. li. 14.

4 Heb. full of mencj,
Rom. 13. a. & 11.

tual bleffings in Chrdft jefu^,, But,, while I- admire the faith and
obedience of Abraham* and the cheerful fubmiffion of Ifaac — while
I place thefe bright example's before me — my faith airedts me 'to
more glorious obje-cfts— let me with, aftojiiffiuntyit think- of Jeho-
V.A.H bringing hia only begotten Son into this world, ftretching
and binding him- on the r-ka-r, and making his- foul an offering for
our fins ! Let me behold Jefus caught, feafonably caught^ in the
thickets of his Father's commandment, . of his own engage.rn$&
and of our tranfgreiriBns imputed* to him, andoffered in -ounftesd.
Let me lift'en to the New Teftament in his blood, in, which
Jehovah fwears that men flaaU.be blefied in him. and all- nation?
fhall call him bieffed.

and- their children had. no title to, the inheritance ; ch. xxv. 5. 6.
Ckaj.. XXIH, Ve». 3j7-a,Q. Abraham wanted to purchafe a burying-plats in Ca-
,na_ap^ and.. to. have th*. cla«n?. tWetp afeertained, that he, and :his neafeft rriS(it>ns,
might have their duft laid there apart from the Heathen natives1; and.' might fraviHt-as
^Sted(6>e'a*lfeafe).e|ft.r;o confirm. tjw*. faith in.God'.s promtfe of' their pofl'efKon' of the
whole country-in his d,ue time; ch,, xxy> 9. xlvu. 20, jo. xjix. 31, and 1. rj, 24,

H Ch. 18. 1. & ig. i
Ice ver. 7.

Abraham pttrefrafes a burying place CHAP. XXIII, XXIV.
"loVf" as it is worth he fhall give it me for a
' ¦" pofleffion of a burying-place among you.
io And Ephron dwelt among the chil
dren of Heth :, and Ephron the Hittite
anfwered Abraham in the audience of the
children of Heth, even of all that went
g mm. 9. 1. Luke », in at the gate of s his city, fayinp-,
3, 4. ch-. J4. 10. T O J 7 J G7
11 Way, my lord, hear me: the field
h2S». 2«. 2,-24. h giVe J thee> ^J the ^yg that ^ tlle].e_
1 \eXitKtSiz. in» I giye it thee ; -1 in the prefence of the
5o.DeutNi7"b.3l; fons of my people give I it thee : bury
thy dead.
12 And Abraham k bowed down him
felf before the people of the land.
13 And he fpake uiito Ephron, in the
audience of the people of the land, faying,
But if thou wilt give it, I pray thee hear
^. '¦ me : 1 1 will give thee money for the field ;
si.i'lii'zo'^'s. take // of me, and I Will bury my dead
there. 14 And Ephron anfwered Abraham,
faying unto him,
15 My lord, hearken unto me: the
land is worth + four hundred fhekels of
filver '1 what is that betwixt me and thee ?
bury therefore thy dead.
16 And Abraham hearkened unto
Ephron ; and Abraham weighed to Ephron
the filver which he had named in the au
dience of the fons of Heth, four hundred
-£* a/'phii..;!: fhekels of filver, m current money with the
'Thcf""6' merchant.
'**"££& * 7- And " the Md Gf EFhfon> which
was in Machpelah, which was before
Mamre, the field, and the cave which was
therein, and all the trees that wn? in the
•'£" pfk?/"' &**&' that Mere in all the borders round
Htf oS.??. about, were ° made fure

IzSam. 24.24. Fhil
. 4- f Col. 4. 5,

f 1*. <r. forty-five
bounds twelve
Jhjilin^s ar.d fix-
pe'icc, Exod. 30.
15. Ezek. 45* a*.

18 Unto Abraham for a pofleffion in

and inters Sarah therein,
"ore Chi
1683.

Reflections upon Chap. XX.IJL— Ponder, my foul, how
the clouds of trouble return after the rain j how death parts- the
neareft and moft affectionate relatives ! The mamage-ftate is
but the forerunner of death, and forrow— it is but a porch of en
trance into eternity ! Tears and grief are the tribute which we
owe to our departed friends. But if they and we be Chrift's let
us not mourn as thofe that have no hope, Bleffed are the dead
who die in the Lord— they are not loft, but gone before us. How
death changes the comely countenance, and makes the deareft
body loathfome ! Let the death Of others always remind me of
my own; and let me live as a ftranger and- fojourner in this
world. Let me fo behave as to make my ftiendfllip valued and
Chap. XXIV. Ver. z. This form of fwearing might impert the fubjeiaion of

the prefence of the children of Heth,
before p all that went in at the gate of p ™.%t 3A4*'
his city.
19 ^| And after this Abraham 1 buried *tft96*?)ltr
Sarah his wife in the cave of the field of
Machpelah before Mamre : the fame is
Hebron in the land of Canaan.
20 And the field, and the cave that is
therein, were made fure unto Abraham
r for a pofleffion of a burying-place by the r C£%%^V**
fons of Heth. M '23'
CHAP.. XXiV..
Here (r) Abraham, about three years after Sarah's-
dcathv depending, on the directive providence of God,
appoints his principal fervant to fetch a wife to his-
fon from his friends in Mefopotamia ; binds him by
oath lo bring no Canaanitefs to him; and peremp
torily charges him to. beware of engaging Ifaac to gQ-
back to Mefopotamia; l, — 9. (2) His fervant, with
great difpatch, accomplices his journey thither ; and,
with earneft fupplication, begs, that the Lord would.
point out the proper objecl by a token which he men
tions; 10 — 14. (3) Anfwerable to his prayer, the
Lord direcls him into acquaintance with Rebekah7.
the daughter of Ifaac's coufm-german ; 15 — 28.
(4.) With great fidelity and diligence he reprefents his
mafter 's wealth, and his care to have Ifaac, his fole
heir, well married ; and the token himfelf had obtained^..
that Rebekah'was.the woman chofen by God for him;
29 — 49, ( 5 ) The treaty of marriage is finifhed with ,
the confent of all her relations ; 50 — 60.- (6) Ifaac
and Rebekah happily nicety and the marriage is con-
fummated; 6jo — 67.
AND Abraham was - old and% well. Ab £&.„,*,
ftneken in age : and the Lord had SprjM
b blefled Abraham in all things. cKt&^k
2 And Abraham faid unto his c eldeft TctTJprtr
fervant of his houfe, that ruled over all MatV^"1'4
that he had, Put, I pray thee, thy hand c ch' '* *-
under my thigh :

fought for by all around me. Never let Hittites, or other Hea
thens, outftrip me in humanity or kindnefs ; but let good man
ners', Civility, modefty, and the ftriaeft regard to equity, adorn
my profeflion, and mingle themfelves with ail my behaviour. Let
me carefully avoid being a burden to my neighbours, or beirio- too-
much indebted for favours to carnal men ; and, thouo-h I be heir of
the world through the righteoufnefs of faith, let me be content with
little of it now, and rejoice that the Canaan above, where neither
death, nor famine, nor war, ever enter, is my inheritance ' If
rtly flefli reft in hope, it is enough if 1 am allowed a crave on
earth. ¦ °

Eliezer the fervant, and that the Meffiah fhould proceed from his matter's loins; ch
xlvii. zo. "

Rebekalfs marriave entreated.

GEN E'SI -S.

Ifaac's marriage with Rebekah.

Before Chrift
1856.

daughter of I
Milcah bare

"r\

urn

r typical of the
church's orna-
incRts, Ezek. 16.
12. Eph. 5. 16.
Ii. 6z. 4! 5-
S See ver. 26.

t EzraS. 2.T. Prov.
%. 5,6. Pf. 52.8.
it 7J.J4. CC 4b. 14-

nns* o

ahor's fon, whom
and I put the ear-
and fhe bracelets

$Num.20.I7.&22. 16. Deut. 2. 27.
* Laban is put firft,
zs bir- father items
to have Jeft the
management

S any thing,
2 Sara. 13. 22.
but we fully ac-
rruiefce in the
dele, ruination of
God's providence, f q J£ g

go, and let
wife, as the

her be thy
Lord hath

th- „
unto I: "
upon her face.
upon her hands r.
48 And s I bowed down my head, and
worfhipped the Lord, and blefled the
Lord God of my mafter Abraham, which
had ' led me in the right way to take
my mailer's brother's daughter unto his
fon. 49 And now, if ye will deal kindly
and. truly with my mafter, tell me": and
if not, tell me ; that I may turn to the
" right hand, or to the left.
50 % Then * Laban and Bethuel an-
% fwered, and faid, The thing proceedeth
tehif ^ d,kfiy from the Lord; we cannot fpeak unto
thee x bad or good.
51 Behold, Rebekah is before thee,
her, and
mafter's fon's
y fpoken. 52 And it came to pafs, that, when
Abraham's fervant heard their words,
z he worfhipped the Lord, bowing him
felf to the earth.
53 And the fervant
* jewels of filver, and jewels of gold, and
raiment, and gave them to Rebekah : he
gave alfo to her brother and to her mother
precious things.
54 And they did eat and drink, he and
the men that were with him, and tarried
all night : and they rofe up in the morn-
Send me away unto
my mafter.
55 And her brother and her mother
"i&£ffiT" faid, Let the damfel abide with us c a
few 'days, at the leaft ten; after that fhe
fhall go.
56 And he faid unto them, Hinder me
not, feeing the Lord hath profpered my

y directed, ver. 15
1 Sam. 16. 10.

2, See ver. 26. Pf.
1.10. 1. & 34. 1>2.

« Heb. veffels.

3 Deut. 33. 13. Song
4, 13. % Chr. zi, j.
i.zra 1. 6*

brought forth

b Ver. 56,59. Prov. [ng- aild ne faid, b
22. 29. Eccl. 9. 10. c-)'
Rom. 10. II.

ch. 4. 3. Lev. 25.
29. 1 Sam. 1. 3.

way : fend me away, that I may go to.
my mafter.
57 And they faid, We will call the
damfel, and inquire '* at her mouth.
58 And they called Rebekah, and faid
unto her, Wilt thou 20 with this man ?
And flie faid, I will go.
59 And they fent away Rebekah their
fifter, and her nurfe d, and Abraham's
fervant, and his men.
60 And they e bleffed Rebekah, and
faid unto her, Thou art our fifter, f be
thou the mother of thoufands of millions,
and let thy feed * poflefs the gate of thofe
which hate them.
61 And Rebekah arofe, and her dam-
fels, and they rode upon the camels, and
followed the man : and the fervant took
Rebekah, and went his way.
62 *jf And Ifaac came from the way
of the E well Lahai-roi ; for he dwelt in
the fouth-country.
63 And Ifaac went out h to meditate
in the field at the eventide : and he lifted
up his eyes, and faw, and behold the
camels were coming.
64 And Rebekah lifted up her eyes,
and when fhe faw Ifaac ' fhe lighted off
the camel.
65 For fhe had faid unto the fervant,
What man is this that walketh in the field
to meet us ? And the fervant had faid, It
is my mafter : therefore k fhe took a veil
and covered herfelf.
66 And the fervant told Ifaac all things
that he had done.
6 7 And Ifaac brought her * into his
mother Sarah's tent, and took Rebekah,
and fhe became his wife ; and he loved
her: and Ifaac was comforted after his
mother's death.

Before Chrift
1856.

* confent being nb.
ceffary tomari'
riage.

d Deborah, ch. it. S.
iThef. 2.7.

e Ch. 14, 19. Ruth
4. 10.
f Ch. 22. 17. Deut,
21.19.Lev.25.46.
* be conquerors of
and rulers over
them, ch.22, 17.

E Ch. 16. 14. te
25. 11.

h or, toprttyA¥t.T.~t,
&104. 34. &139.
17. 18.

i Judg. 1. 14. Jofh*
15. 18.

lc denoting medefrft
1 Cor. 11.5,6.

IC/16.
1 typical of the call.
ing of the Gen
tiles into the
church ofGpd..i
If. 54. 1— 5. Rom.
-11. n, IS.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — What a mercy is it to have
at once a good fervant, a good fon, and a gracious God ! A noble foun
dation thefe for truly happy fuccefs in our defigns ! In weighty cafes,
it may be proper to interpofe an oath, but that carefully explained,
folemnly adminiftered, andjudicioufly taken. The marriages of true
believers, on which the temporal and eternal happinefs of multitudes
may depend, ihould be formed with remarkable and religious at
tention ; for an unconverted partner in life often proves a dread-
iiil.and a dangerous ihare. Happy the families which have praying

and pious members ! In difficult cafes, it is beft to begin with
prayer, if we wifh to fucceed. And it manifefts no (mail prudence
to look for, and follow, the direction of God's providence ; for the
Lord kindly anfwers the prayers of faith, when put up in behalf of
his dear favourites. In order to obtain a truly happy marriage, how
much more efficacious are a fingle regard to the glory of God, and
a dependance on his direction, than all the wanton dalliances, of
falfe and fulfome flattery, in the world ! In religious courtfhip,
plain dealing is the beft wooing : and they who are moft humble,

Abraham V marriage, and children.

C H A Ft. ?XXV.

Before Chrift
1856.

chap:

XXV.

aCh. 23.1. iChr. 1.
32. 33-

/fo«r having fet up for himfelf, we have here an ac
count of ( 1 ) Abraham's dejciwtdants by Keturah, his
fecond concubine : his difpofal of his wealth ; his age ;
; death ; and burial ; I — IO. (2) Ifhmael' s twelve
fons, and their refidence; and his death and burial;
11 — 18. (3) Ifaac's profperity: the conception of
his fons in anflwer to prayer ; their early flruggling,
different tempers, and. exchange of birthright ; 11,
19—34. '
HEN a again Abraham took a wife,

T

b Jer. 25. 25.

and her name was Keturah.
2 And flie bare htm b Zimran, and Jok-
cS^N&&tl Aran, and Medan, and c Midian, and
^g'Ifhbak, andShuah.
3 And Jokfhan begat Sheba and De-
dan. And the fons of Dedan were d Afhu-
rim, Letufhim, and Leummim.
4 And the fons of Midian; e Ephah,
and Epher, and Hanoch, and Abidah,
and Eldaah. All thefe were the children
of Keturah.
5 % And Abraham f gave all that he
W V-1U111, \-Ul. *• 1 1 -r /-
i9. John 3. 35. & j^aci unto Ifaac.
17. 2. MalMi.2^.
6 But unto the fons of the s concubines,
which Abraham had, Abraham gave
"" gifts, and fent them away from? Ifaac
his fon (while he yet lived) eaftward,
unto the eaft-country.
7 ^[ And thefe are the days of the years
of Abraham's life which he lived, an
hundied threefcore and fifteen years.
, 8 Then Abraham gave up _the ghoft,
*%¦$%¦'%* and died h «> '?. &ood old age> an old man,
zw.^L^c. and full of years ; and was gathered to
Job 42. 17. Jer. 6. 1 • 1 °
««• nis people.
sch2, ,6,7 ,9 9 And bis Tons Ifaac and Ifhmael
& 49- 2*V& buried him s in the cave of Machpelah, in

VI. Vil, I'll!,

d 2 Sam. 2. 9. Pf.83.
6, Ezek. 27. 6-

e If. (a. 6. See
Inlrod. p. 51.

f Typical of God's
giving all fulnefs
to Chrift, Col. I

& 28.18. Pf.68.l8,
g Hagar and Ketu
rah, ch. 16. 3.
ver. I.
* Emblem of what
God gives to re
probates.

1821.

kind, andinduftrious, in the houfe of their father, are likely to prove
moft amiable and ufeful in the houfe of their hufband. In children's
marriages, parents ought to advife, but not to conftrain. It is ufe
ful to commemorate paft mercies, to encourage us in a prefent de
pendence on God's care and kindnefs for future ones : and the more
mercies we receive, the more we ought to praife and worfhip God.
New relations need new prayers ; for new joys on earth are con
nected with new griefs. But doubly fweet are the bleffings of
providence when we receive them with a devout temper of fpirit.
How ufeful for the foul is .devout retirement ! None will ever feel

Chap. XXV. Ver. 1—4, 6. The natural vigour wherewith God had endowed A-
braha.n, for the procreation of Ifaac, confnued with him for the further enlargement
of hi. f-amily.-Thcfe children of Keturah, and their pofterity, peopled a confidence
part of -Arabia, to the fouth ana eaft of tfce promifed land, under the name of Midia
nites, Shuhites, Sabeans, and Afhurites.
Ver. 5. Ifaac was his only heir by his ..complete .wife, and his only child by pro-

Beibre Chrift
1821.

kCh.T2. 2. & 14.194
8c 22. 17.

8C 17.2
1 Chr.

31. bee Inlrod
p. 65, 66, 67.

JfhitiaeYs children, and death.
the field of Ephron the fon of Zohar the
Hittite, which is before Mamre ; .- ,
, 10 The field which Abraham purchafed
of the fons of Heth : there was Abraham
buried, and Sarah his wife.
1 1 % And it came to pafs, after the
death of Abraham, that God k blefled his
fon Ifaac : and- Ifaac dwelt by l the well "a.*.****.
Lahai-roi. 1 2 «ff Now thefe. are m the generations m£%]tl%\V,Z
of Ifhmael, Abraham's fon, whom Hagar
the Egyptian, Sarah's handmaid, bare
unto Abraham.
13 And thefe are the names of the fons
of Ifhmael, by their names, according to
their generations : The firft-born of Ifh
mael" Nebajoth, and Kedar, and Adbeel, a¥fizl:?y-"°
and Mibfam,
14 And Mifhma, and ° Dumahr and oir.21.16.
Mafia, 1 5 p Hadar, and q Tema, , Jetur, Na
phifh, and Kedemah :
1 6 Thefe are the fons of Ifhmael, and
thefe are their names, by their towns,
and by their caftles ; r twelve princes
according to their nations.
1 7 And thefe are the years of the life
of Ifhmael, an hundred and thirty and
feven years : and he gave up the ghoft
and died, and was 5 gathered unto his
people. •
18 And * they dwelt from l Ha-
vilah unto Shur, that is before Egypt,
as thou goeft towards Affyria • and he +
died in the prefence of all his u bre
thren. 5f And thefe are the

p or Had ad,
1 Chr. 1. 30.
q Job 6. 19. xChr«
5.19.

r Ch. 17. to.

1723.

s Ch. 15. 15. ver. &
* his fons.
tCh. 2. 1 1. & to. 20.
&c 21. 14, 21. as
io. r. 1 Siiin.15,-7.
ch.i4,io.& 16. ia.
f Heb. fell.
u They being yet
alive, and taking
notice of it.

10

generations

the want of company, who have learned, through the medium of
fenfible objedis, to converfe with God himfelf. — Alar, that fo few
deep-fworn fervants of Jehovah fhould fo little refemble Abra
ham's, in their endeavours to woo a bride for his dear Son ! How
little fervent prayer, and accurate obfervation of his word and pro
vidence, they mingle with their work ! How often their own tem
poral provifions lie nearer their heart than that finners fhould be.
made willing in the day of his power ! May God make them
equally faithful, and equally fuccefsful !

mife ; ch. xxiv. 30. and xxi. 12. and is herein a type of Jefus Chrift and his feed,
who are heirs of all things by promile ; Heb. i. 2. John iii. 34. Rev. ii. 10. Gal.
iii. 29. Rom. v;i;. 17.
Ver. 18. They dwelt all along the fouth of the Moabites, eaftern Midianites,
Edomit-s, and ifraeiites, almoft from the river Euphrates on the ea(t to the border of
Egypt on the welt.
F z

'fhe birth of Jacob and 'Efau.

GENESIS.

Efau fells his birthright.

Before Chrift
i8s6.

of Ifaac, Abraham's fori. Abraham begat
Ifaac :
20 And Ifaac was forty years old when
he took Rebekah to wife, the daughter
of Bethuel the Syrian of Padan-aram, the
fifter to Laban the Syrian.
r!smprVsa'£& 21 % And Ifaac * entreated the Lord
OI. 15. &OC. 2. If. . lJ
4)5-u.&S8.9-& for his wife, becaufe fhe was barren : and
the Lord was entreated of him, and
Rebekah his wife conceived.
22 And the children ftruggled toge
ther within her : and fhe faid, If it be fd,
isszi. why am I thus ? and fhe went to inquire
of the Lord.
23 And the Lord faid unto her, Two
nations are in thy womb, and two man
ner of people fhall be feparated from
thy bowels ; and the one people fhall be
<r Ront^.u Mai. fl.ronger t]:iari tjJg otfoer people ; and y the
elder fhall ferve the younger.
1836. 24 % And when her days to be deli
vered were fulfilled, behold, there were
twins in her womb.
25 And the firft came out red, all over
like an hairy garment ; and they called
* perfectly made, frig name * EfaU.
26 And after that came his brother out,
a hoc 12. 3. and a his hand took hold on Efau's heel;

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — Before I part with Abra
ham, this celebrated patriarch, let me, in him, contemplate Jefus
the everlafting Father ! How aftonifhing his meeknefs ! his kind
nefs to men ! his intimacy with, fear of, obedience to, and.truft in,
his God ! He is the chofen favourite of Jehovah ; the father and
covenant-head of innumerable millions of faved men. To him all
the promifes relative to the evangelical and eternal ftate of his
church were originally made. All obedient, at his Father's call, he
kit his native abodes of blifs, and became a ftranger and fojourner
on earth, not having where to lay his head. At his Father's call,
he offered himfelf an acceptable facrifice to God ; by his all-preva
lent interceffion, and fupernatural influence, he delivers his (ah !)
too ungrateful friends from the hand of their enemies ; and, after
long patience, he obtains a numerous feed in the Jewifh and gofpel
church. In his vifible family are many profeffors, children of the
•bond-woman, the covenant of works ; who, in the iflue, are like
Ifhmael or the modern Jews, rejected and caft out ioto a ftate of
miferv and woe : others are children of the free-woman, the cove-

and his name was called * Jacob : and *%t*
Ifaac was threefcore years old when fhe •Hed-howerw
. ^ R . fup planter.
bare them 5. ^ ? »7a».n«ul
27 f And the boys grew: and Efau marriasc'
was a cunning hunter, a man of the field ;
and Jacob was a plain man, dwelling in
tents. _ 28 And Ifaac loved Efau, becaufe b he hVZtn^t
did eat of his venifon ; but Rebekah loved
Jacob. 29 % And Jacob fod pottage : and Efau
came from the field, and he was faint.
30 And Efau faid to Jacob, Feed me,
I pray thee, + with that fame red pottage, tHe^™,***^
for I am faint : therefore was his name tagc-
called Edom.
3 1 And Jacob faid, Sell, me this day
thy birthright.
32 And Efau faid, Behold, I am « at the «-»*¦*•***
point to die; and what profit fhall this, l8°5"
birthright do to me?
2,2, And Jacob faid, c Swear to me this c S.V '^V4"
day ; and he fware unto him : and d he d fh^6, Fhi1,
fold his -birthright unto Jacob.
34 Then Jacob gave Efau bread, and
pottage of lentiles ; and he did eat and
drink, and rofe up, and went his way :
thus Efau defpifed his birthright §. ed contempt on it.

nant of grace ; and are, like Ifaac, begotten to God by the power
ful influence of the promife.  Now let me obferve, how invigo
rating is a ftrong faith in God's promife ; for God delights to
add abundant bleffings to fuch as, by courageous believing, give
him the glory of his power and faithfulnefs. Often the beft of
men have little remarkable fellowfhip with God in old age ; but
muft live even to the end by faith, and not by fight : while wicked
families are loaded with temporal mercies, for the fake of their
pious progenitors. Promifed events are often ufhered in by the
moft difcouraging appearances : and mercies muft be long prayed
and waited for ere they be granted. It is good when hufbands
and wives unite their fupplications ; for to fpread our griefs before a
throne of grace is the greateft and the fureft relief. How often much
trouble and vexation attend what is too eagerly defired ! But how
fovereign is God, in fixing the temporal, and even eternal, ftates
of perfons before they are born ; and how early are children known
by their doings ; yet in their education great care is to be taken in
confulting their tempers and difpofitions. Parents frequently ex-

Ver. 21 — 23. For almoft twenty years Ifaac continued' praying for children. —
Their ftruggling in their mother's womb prefaged, that they and their pofterity would
live at variance one with another, and exceedingly differ in their religion, laws,
manners, &c  The Edomites, defcended from Efau, were at firft the ft rongeft people ;
c-h. xxxvi. -but the Ifraelites, fprung from Jacob, under David, 2 Sam. viii. 14. under
Amaziah, 2 Chron. xxv. 11, 12. and under Hircanus, fubdued them. Nay, Ja-
cub's obtaining the birthright and blefling, ver. 29 — 34. & 27, 29, 37, 40. ren
dered him rmd his poflerity fuperior to Efau and his Edomite feed.
Ver. 25. That rednefs and hair marked the prefent ftrength of Efau's body, and the
fevage and cruel difpofition of him and his pofterity ; ch. xxvii. 1 1, 40, 41. Obad. 10.
Ezek. xxv. 12. xxxv. 5.
Ver. 26. Jacob took hold of his heel, as if he would have drawn him back, fo

that himfelf might be born firft:, or as if he would overthrow and fupprefs him, as he
afterwards did; ver. 33. ch. xxvii; and rightly was he named Jacob, a heel-holder,
ot.fupplantcr, on that account, ch. "xxviii. 36.
Ver. 27. Efau was a wild favage kind of man, fpending moft of his time in hunt
ing, learning the art of war, and the like; ch. x. 9. 8c xvi. 12. Jacob was a fincere,
mild, plain-dealng man, keeping much at home, attending to his houfehold affairs,
and to his father's flocks and herds ; ch. vi. 9. 3c xlvi. 74.
Ver. 30. "The name Edom, fignifying red, at once marked his origin and colour,
and his exoeflive luft after the miputtagc, and his felling Us birthright to obtain them, j
Ver. 31—34. This birthright entailed, uuon the poffeffor a double portion of the
paternal inheritance; Deut. xxi. 16, 17; a claim to his father's principal bleffing,
and to the promife of Canaan, and a peculiar relation to God therein.

Ifaac removes to Gerar.

CHAP. XXVI.

Ifaac denies his wife.

Before Chrift
1804.

CHAP. XXVI,
Here, ( I ) While Ifaac is diftreffed by a famine in Ca
naan, the Lord direils him to continue there, and
renews with him the covenant made with his father
Abraham; I — 5. (2) Diftruftful of God's protec
tion, Ifaac, at Gerar, pretends Rebekah to be his
fifter ; but king Abimelech, obferving their familia
rity, difcovers her to be his wife, rebukes his dijfimu-
lation, and charges all his fubjecls to beware of in
juring them; 6 — II. (3) While the Lord remark
ably profpers Ifaac in his crops and flocks, the Phili
ftines envy him, and contend for his wells; 12 — 22.
(4) Encouraged by a new vifit from God, Ifaac,
having returned from Gerar to Beer-fheba, eretls an
altar for folemn worfhip; 23 — 25. (5) While
Ifaac's fervants dig wells for their flocks, Abimelech
and his Philiftine friends court him into a covenant
of peace ; 26 — 33. (6) But Efau's marriages
with two Hittite women greatlf interrupt his pa
rents' comfort; 34, 35.
N D there was a famine in the land,

a Ch. 12. 10.

A

befides the a firft famine that was
in the days of Abraham. And Ifaac went
b perhaps not that, b unto Abimelech kin°; of the Philiftines,
en. ao. 1., at ai. O 7
ai~12, unto * Gerar.
# Gerar ftood on the —_ - - — .
™gyeatft border 2 51 And the Lord c appeared unto
cch. 12.7. &17.1. him, - ¦ ¦ L ¦'-
& 18. 1, IO-ZO.
¦•4 &s Abram did,
1 ch. xii. Pf. 37. 3

Pf.52. 3 — 0. \

and faid, Go not down a into
Egypt ; dwell in the land which I fhall
tell thee of:
3 Sojourn in this land, and e I will be
with thee, and will blefs thee ; for unto
thee, and unto thy feed, f I will give all
thefe countries, and I will perform the
oath which I fware unto Abraham thy
• Canaan was ziven TdtrlPr' '' •
toAbrahamJfaac, ld-LUCl ,
*J$*£i£te 4 And I s will make thy feed to multi-
filLT"1"' M~ ply as the ftars of heaven, and will give
*".'&,,: 5. f8.'!> unto thy feed all thefe countries; and in
^ fsT& £. ?6", thy feed fhall all the nations of the earth
,7"8-&l8-%e bleffed;
5 h Becaufe that Abraham obeyed my
voice, and kept my charge, my com
mandments, my ftatutes, and my laws.

fSeech. 12.7. &13.
15, 17. & 15. 18.
& I7.8. &22. 16.

h Ch. 22. 16. & 18.
19. 1 Cor. re. 58.
Tt. 12S, 1—6.

6 f And Ifaac dwelt in Gerar:
7 And the men of the place afked him
of his wife ; and ¦* he faid, She is my fifter :
for he feared to fay, She is my wife ; left,
faid he, the men of the place fhould kill
me for Rebekah; becaufe fhe was fair
to look upon.
8 And it came to pafs, when he had
been there a long time, that Abimelech
king of the Philiftines k looked out at a
window, and faw, and behold, Ifaac
was i fporting with Rebekah his wife.
9 And Abimelech called Ifaac, and
faid, Behold, of a furety fhe is thy wife :
and how faidft thou, She is my fifter ?
And Ifaac faid unto him, Becaufe I faid,
Left I die for her.
10 And Abimelech faid, m What is
this thou haft done unto us ? one of the
people might lightly have lien with thy
wife, and thou fhouldeft have brought
guiltinefs upon us.
1 1 And Abimelech

Before Chrift
f8e>4.

i Ch. 12. 13. & 20.
2, 5, 12, 13. Prov.
20. 25. Mat. 10.
28. Col. 3. 9.
Eph. 5. 25.

k 2 Sam. 12. 2. Prov,
7.6. Judg. 5.2a.

1 Prov. 5. 18. If. 6a.
5. Eccl. 9. 9.

ra Ch. 20, 9, 19. &
12. 18.

charged

all h

is

people, faying, He that n toucheth this *^£%tlg£
man or his wife fhall furely be put to
death. 12 % Then Ifaac fowed in that land,
and * received in the fame year ° an hun
dred fold : and the Lord blefled him.
13 And the man waxed great, and
went + forward, and grew until he be
came very great :
1 4 For he p had poffeffion of flocks, and
pofleffion of herds, and great ftore of
+ fervants : And the Philiftines 1 envied
him. 1 5 For all the wells which his father's
fervants had digged in the days of Abra
ham his father, the Philiftines had r flop
ped them, and filled them with earth.

* Heb. found.
n This marks great
incieafe, Pfal. 67.
6. Zech. 8. 12.
Mat. 13. 23. Gal.
6,7,8.
f Heb. went gein£.

p >b'I. 3. & 42. 12.
Prov. 10. 22. ch.
12. 16. 8c 13. 2.
Pf. 144- ¦!, 14-
X Or, huibandry.
q Pf. 112. IO. Eccl.
4. 4. Job 5. 2.

r This was contrary
to covenant and
oalh, ch. 21.
25—32.

pofe themfelves to future troubles by their partial regard to chil
dren. But why fhould we fet'out hearts on them, or any other
worldly comfort, when we muft To quickly leave them by death !
At that time it fhould be the concern of parents fo to difpofe of
their effects, that there may be no difputes after they are gone ;
and fuch deferve to have meft affigned them as are likely to make
the beft ufe of it. How often the wifeft worldlings a£t the moft
fpolifh part, while the Lord preferveth the fimple ! How marvel-
loufly God overrulcth even the fins of men, to the accomplifhment

of his purpofe or promife, and the advancement of his glory ! How
dreadful, when men, even thofe who have had a religious educa
tion, gratify their fenfual appetites at the expenfe of the temporal
and eternal ruin of themfelves and their feed ; and when God per
mits them to be afterwards hardened in their fin, and {landing mo
numents of that affecting truth, that numbers of the defcendants
of God's favourites are fometimes left out of his church, and un
acquainted with their parents' bleffings !

-CiiAr. XXVI. Ver. 12. This fertility was emblematical of fruitfulnefs in grace;

Pfal. Ixvii. 6. Mat. xiii. 23. and of the bountiful but gracious rewards which we fhall
enjoy in heaven; Gal. vi. 7, 8. Pfal. xxxi. 19. and xix. 11.

God appears to Ifaac

G E'NES I S.

His covenant with Abimelecfc,

Before Cht-ift
1800.

S Num. 32. 38. Hof.
2. 17. Zech. 13. 2..
PC 16. 4.

% Heb. fivtne. Song
4. 15. John 4. 10,
11, & 7. 38.

$ I. c. contention*

* i. c, malicious
hatred*

^ he. rooms*
U Pfal. 4.1. ¦& 18.19.
Sc 118. 5.

mightier

Ifaac's fervants digged in the

X The fouthmoft
city in Canaan,
ch. ai. 31. & 46.I.
Judg. 10. 1.
yCh. 15. 1. &17.7.
&24- 12.Mat.a2.
32.
a If. 41. 10, 13. 15.
&43.i,2.&44..i.
Rev. 1. 18. with
ch.13.16. &2Z.1;.
aCh.8.20- &12. 7-
&13. 18. &-Z.9.
&35- 1. & 33. 2.0.
Exod. 17. 15.

16 And Abimelech faid unto "Ifaac, Go
from us ; for thou art much
than we.
1 7 *j[ And Ifaac departed thence, and
pitched his tent in the valley of Gerar,
and dwelt there.
18 And Ifaac digged again the wells
of water, which they had digged in the
days of Abraham his father ; for the Phi
liftines had flopped them after the death
of Abraham : and he- s called their names
after the names by which his father had
called them
1 9 And
valley, and found there a well of ' fpring
ing water.
20 And the herdmen of Gerar did
ftrive with Ifaac's herdmen, faying, The
water is ours : and he called the name of
the well § Efek ; becaufe they ftrove with
him. 21 And they digged another well, and
ftrove for that alfo: and he called the
name of it * Sitnah.
22 And he, removed from thence,
and digged another well ; and for
that they ftrove not : and he called
the name of it + Rehoboth; and he
faid, For now the Lord hath u made
room for us, and we fhall be fruitful in
the land.
23 <f[ And he went up from thence to
x Beer-fheba. 24 And the Lord appeared unto him
the fame night, and faid, ^ I am the God
of Abraham thy father * : fear not, for I
dm with, thee, and will blefs thee, and
multiply thy feed for my fervant Abra
ham's fake.
25 And he a builded an altar there,

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI.— A mixture of providen
tial fmiles and frowns is ordinarily in the lot of God's principal
favourites. But what a mercy it is to have the covenant of grace
eftablifhed between God and. our progenitors, that it may be re
newed with us ! The fear of men, the fear of temporal death, of
ten caufeth a fnare : and we readily rufh into the fame fnares in
which others before had almoft ruined themfelves.  Yet the

and called upon the name of the Lord,
and pitched his tent there : and there
Ifaac's fervants digged a well.
26 ^[ Then b Abimelech went to him
from Gerar, and Ahuzzath one of his
friends, and Phichol the chief captain of
his army.
27 And Ifaac faid unto them, Where
fore come ye to" me, c feeing ye hate me,
and have fent me away from you ?
28 And they faid, + We faw certainly
d that the Lord was with thee: and we
faid, Let there be now e an oath betwixt
us, even betwixt us and thee, and let us
make a covenant with thee ;
29 H That thou wilt do us no hurt, as
we have f not touched thee, and as we
have done unto thee nothing but good,
and have fent thee away in peace : thou
art now the s bleffed of the Lord.
30 -h And he made them a feaft, and
they did eat and drink.
3 1 And they rofe up ' betimes in the
morning, and k fware one to another : and
Ifaac fent them away, and they departed
from him in peace.
32 And it came to pafs the fame day,
that Ifaac's fervants came, and told him
concerning the well which they had dig
ged, and faid unto him, ' We have found
water. 22, And he called it § Sheba: there
fore the name of the city is m Beer-fheba
unto this day.
34 5F'And Efau was forty years old
when he took to wife " Judith the daugh
ter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bafhemath
the daughter of Elon the Hittite :
35 Which were °a grief of mind unto
Ifaac and to Rebekah.

Before Chrift
1796.

b Perhaps not that,
ch.20, 3. &21.21

c Ver. 16. Judg. ir.-
7. Acts 7. 27, J5.

t Heb. Seeing, via
faw.
d.Ch. 21.22. 8cm.e.
Jofh. 3. 7„2 Chr.
1. I. Rom. 8. 31.
Heb. 13.5, 1 Cor.
14- 25. II. 45. ,4.
8c 60. 14. & 61.
6,9-
e Ch. 21. 31, 32. tc
24. 3, 41. Heb. 6.
H Heb. If thou fhalt,
&c.
f Ver. 11, 14, ij.
Pf. IOJ. 13.

gVer. 12. ch.24. 31.
& 21. 22. & 12. 2.
&22. 17.
hCh.2i.8.&3l.J4, Rom. 12. 18. Heb.
12. 14.
iCh. 19. 2. & 21. 14,
&22. 3. &31. 55.
k Ch. 14. 22. & 21.
23, 31, 32. & 31.
44. 8c 25. 33.
1 Sam. 14. 24. 8c
20. 3, 16,17. & 30,
4. Heb. 6. 16.

1 Mat. 7. 7. Prov. 10.
4. &c 13.4.&2.4.

v i. e. an oath.
mi.c. the well of the
oath, ver. 23.

I796.
n It feems Judith had
no children, and
perhaps did not
live long,
ch. 36. 2—5, 13,

o Heb. hitternefs of
Iririt, ch. 27. 46.
'&28.2,8. &6.2.

kindnefs of God is infinitely great in refcuing his people, when
they are thus bufied in entangling themfelves ! But what a fcandal
to a faint to be difcovered a difiembler ! and how painful to have
the fnares, which we laid for the innocent, entangling ourfelve?,
or their fins charged to our account before God ! To what trou
ble and expenfe will envious men put themfelves, in crder to gra
tify their luft ! And how often are the moft flourifhing outward

Ver. 18. This was typical of Chrift's reforming his church, and reviving the
oracles', ordinances, and influences cf grace ; Ezek. xlvii. 1  10. John iv. 10.
Zech. xiii. I. 8c xiv. 8.
Ver. 24. Not for the fake of Abraham's merit, but from refpect to the covenant
made' with him ; Gen. xii. 2, 3. xv. 8. & xvii. 6, 7.

Ver. 29. And, fince God hath fo abundantly blefled thee, we hope that thou wilt
not remember the fmall 'unkindnefs which we did thee.
Ver. 34. This was contrary to the will of God ; Exod. xxxiv. 16. Deut.' vii. J.
Jofh. xxiii. 12. Ezra ix. 1 — 3. Neh. xiii. 23 — 25. 2 Cor. vi. 14, 15. I Cor. vii.
39. and of his grandfather and parents ; chap. xxiv. 31. xxvii. 46. & xxviii. a, 2, fi>
bee ch. 6. 4.

Ifaac s^ care to blefs Efau.-

C H A P.

XXVII. Rebekah and Jacob procure the blefmg*

Before Chrift'
1760.

* about 140 years.

CHAP. XXVII.
(l.) Still fond of Efau, Ifaac, contrary to the oracle of
God, (chap. xxv. 23) attempts to confer on him his
principal bleffing ; 1 — 5 . ( 2 ) DireBed by his mother,
Jacob anticipates Efau with favoury meat to his fa
ther ; and, pretending to be Efau, obtains the bleffing
of fovereign dominion, and of a church-relation to
God, for himfelf and his feed; 5 — 29. (3) Return
ing from the field with his venifon, Efau and his fa
ther, with deep concern, find that Jacob had already
got the principal bleffing. After much entreaty, E-
fau obtains a fubordinate one, of a competent liveli
hood, and of a recovery of liberty for himfelf and his
- feed; 30 — 40. (4) While Efau projects the murder
of Jacob, Rebekah contrives to fend him to her bro
ther's family till Efau's rage fhould abate; 41
— 46.
AND it came to pafs, that when
Ifaac was * old, and his eyes a were
1 Uh.48. 10. 1 oam. ' J
joiuV9E3C.' '*' 3' dim, fo that he could not fee, he called
Efau his eldeft fon, and faid unto him,
My fon : and he faid unto him, Behold,
here am I.
2 And he faid, Behold now, I am old,
k how near it is, I know not the day of my death b :
Mark 13. 35. If. J J
flrov.^'if' 3 Now therefore take, I pray thee, thy
weapons, thy quiver, and thy bow, and
eHeb.w, ch.25. p-0 out to the held, and "take me fome
zy. o * ' J
venifon ;
nch.2c.26. tcor, 4 And make me d favoury meat, fuch
as I love, and bring it to me, that I may
eat ; that my foul may blefs thee—before
I die. 5 And Rebekah heard when Ifaac fpake
to Efau his fon : and Efau went to the
field to huntyor venifon, and to bring it.
6 ^[ And Rebekah fpake unto Jacob her
fon, faying,. Behold, I heard thy father
fpeak unto Efau thy brother, faying,
7 Bring me venifon, and make me
favoury meat, that I may eat, and blefs
<t in his prefence, thee e before the Lord before my death.
¦ 'ff.\J.*™' *' ^ Now therefore, my fon, f obey my
rEph.s. 1. Aasj. voice according to that which I command
l9&4''9- thee. 9 Go now to the flock, and fetch me

u 12.

Ee'orr Chrift
1760.

from thence two good kids of the goats ;
and I will make them favoury meat for "
thy father, fuch as he loveth :
"10 And thou fhalt bring it to thy
father, that he may eat, and that he may
blefs thee before his death.
n And Jacob faid to Rebekah his
mother* Behold, Efau my brother is s a &c*-*>*
hairy man, and' I am a fmooth man :
12 My father peradventure will feel
and I fhall feem to him as a h de-

h not uprightj
ch. 15. 27.

me,
reiver ; and I fhall bring a i curie upon \ ^-j^f- *£
me, and not a blefling.
13 And his mother faid unto him,
kUpon me be thy curfe, my fon .: >"*%«*>**>.
only obey my voice, and go fetch me
them. 14 And he went, and fetched, and
brought them to his mother: and his
mother made favoury meat, fuch as his
father loved.
1 5 And Rebekah took + goodly rai- t Heb.^s&L
ment of her eldeft fon Efau, which were
with her in the houfe, ' and put them '
upon Jacob her younger fon :

(Thus Chriff afTum-
ed the likenefs of
finful flefh, aprt
was made fin for

16 "And fhe put the fkins of the kids £§£S
of the goats upon his hands, and upon JX*'. li'.* '
the fmooth of his neck :
1 7 And fhe gave the favoury meat, and
the bread which fhe had prepared, into
the hand of her fon Jacob.
1 8 5[ And he came unto his father, and
faid, My father : and he faid, Here am
I; who art thou, my- fon?
1 9 And Jacob faid unto his father, I
am Efau thy m firft-born ; I have done »«• «• **.
according as thou badeft me : arife, I pray
thee, fit and eat of my venifon, that thy
foul may blefs me.
20 And Ifaac faid unto his fon, How
is it that thou haft found it fo quickly,
my fon ? And he faid, Becaufe the Lord
thy God brought it " to me.

II Heb. before :

enjoyments imbittered by the envy which attends them ! What a
mercy to have God fmiling on us when the world frowns ! For,
when our ways pleafe the Lord, he maketh even our enemies to be'
at peace with us, and to purfiie the friendiHip which they once re

fufed ! — The wickednefs of children, who break their -parents'
hearts, when they ought to be their comfort, is great, and obferved
by God •, and his curfe frequently attends thofe marriages which
are made without the confent of parents.

Chap. XXVII. Ver. 4. — that, invigorated with the favoury'meat, I may bcftow I Ver. 13. The manner in which fhe imprecates the curfe cannot be juftified ; but,
upon thee my blefling, coiiftituting thee heir of all the benefits promifed to me and my from the promife of God, and from Jacob's having obtained the birth- 'taLt *•''• xltT«
father Abraham; ver. 27 — 20, ch. xxviii. 3, 4. xlviii. 15. & xlix. Deut, xxxi. 23, 33, Ihe was confident of a happy iffue.
.xxxiii. Heb. xi. 20.

Efau and Ifaac s vexation for the bleffing. GENESIS,

Efau bleffed, but rages again/1 Jacob,

Bei76o.rift 21 And Ifaac faid unto Jacob, Come
¦ near, I pray thee, that I may feel thee,
my fon, whether thou be my very fon
Efau or not.
22 And Jacob went near unto Ifaac his
father; and he felt him, and faid, The
voice is Jacob's voice, but the hands are
the hands of Efau.
23 And he difcerned him not, becaufe
his hands were hairy, as his brother
"iS^EE Efau's hands: fo he n blefled him.
Heb. n.w. 2^ And he f^ jrf tJlou my ver^ fa
• *°.7'LlLVi06b Efau ? and he faid, ¦ " I am.
EPh. 4. 25. coi. 2^ And hg fa-dj Br-ng -f near t0 me?
and I will eat of my fon's venifon, that
my foul may blefs thee. And he brought
it near to him, and he did eat : and he
brought him wine, and he drank.
26 And his father Ifaac faid unto him,
Come near now, and kifs me, my fon.
2 7 And he came near, and killed him :
and he fmelled the fmell of his raiment,
and blefled him, and faid, See, the fmell
p »X&7'..Mt of my fon is as the * fmell of a field which
the Lord hath blefled :

Before Chrift
1760.

« giy.*- "i>e«: 28 Therefore 1 God give thee of the
M'ii^£ii7Hc9r: dew of heaven, and the fatnefs of the
^'phWJ.'ih: earth, and plenty of corn and wine:
49. 20. Zech, 9.17. ' r J
ich.49.8,,o.&9. 29 Let r people ferve thee, and nations
3j:*ichr."'z7'.bow down to thee; be lord over thy
brethren, and let thy mother's fons bow
5S'i9.'5'Num" down to thee : s curfed be every one that
curfeth thee, and blefled be he that blefT-
eth thee.
30 *r\ And it came to pafs, as foon as
Ifaac had made an end of blefling Jacob,
and Jacob was yet fcarce gone out from
the prefence of Ifaac his father, that Efau
his brother came in from his hunting.
31 And he alfo had made favoury meat,
and brought it unto his" father ; and faid
unto his father, Let my father arife, and
eat of his fon's venifon, that thy foul may
blefs me.

32 And Ifaac his father faid unto him,
Who art thou? And he faid, I am thy
fon, thy firft-born Efau.
7 . J _ r j ,-ii J » Hep. trembled tnui
22 And Ifaac & trembled very exceed- «^<,„»^
ingly ; and faid, Who ? where is he that
hath * taken venifon, and brought it me, •«*•*—¦
and I have eaten of all before thou cameft,
and have blefled him? yea, x and he fhall <T}":*%£.f.
, , rr 1 20. Eph. 1. 3. John
be blefled. Z^l^zi
34 % And, when Efau heard the words
of his father, he cried with a great and
exceeding u bitter cry, and faid unto his ^.Ml^S;
father, Blefs me, even me alfox O my
father. 35 And he faid, Thy brother came
with x fubtilty, and hath taken away thy **'£$«¦,!?'"
bleffing. 36 And he faid, Is not he rightly
named + Jacob ? for he hath fupplanted t i-e. a Mb**.
me thefe two times: + he took away my *^e£rheaMH
birthright; and, behold, now he hath
taken away my blefling. And he faid,
Haft thou not referved a bleffing for me ?
2"/ And Ifaac anfwered and faid unto
Efau, Behold, I have made him thy lord,
and all his brethren have I given to him
for fervants ; and with corn and wine have
I I' fuftained him: and what fhall I do »°'.a»«<*
now unto thee, my fon ?
38 And Efau faid unto his father, Haft
thou but one bleffing, my father ? blefs
me, even me alfo, O my father. And
Efau y lifted up his voice, and wept.
39 And Ifaac his father anfwered, and

yHeb. 12. 17. If.fj;.
14. 8c 32,10,11,12.

faid unto him, z Behold, thy dwelling; zJcs. jon..***

Heb. 11. 20.

fhall be § the fatnefs of the earth, and of JOr, ./(*./¦««/,.
the dew of heaven from above ;
40 And by thy fword fhalt thou live,
and fhalt ferve thy brother ; and it fhall
come to pafs, when thou fhalt have the
dominion, that thou fhalt break his yoke
from off thy neck.
41 ^f And Efau a hated Jacob, becaufe of *^e». &&!?£!'

the bleffing wherewith his father blefled

1 John 3..12.

Ver. 27. He regarded the fmell of Jacob's garments as a token that God had in
tended to blefs him abundantly, and to render him a particular blefling to others.
Ver. 28, 29. In this blefling ifaac at once requefted and predicted the benefits men
tioned. Thefe temporal favours were more remarkable under the Old Teftament
than under the New, and reprefented the fpiritual and temporal influences and fulnefs
ef the new covenant, and of the church of God ; Hof. xiv. 6, 7. Deut. xxxii. -a. If,
»)v. 8. I Cor. i. 30. & iii. 22. Rev. i. 6. & v. 10. Eph. i. 3.
Ver. 39, 40. This bleffing imported that Efau and his feed Jhou'ld inhabit mount

Seir, a foil then moderately fertile ; Heb. xi. 20. ch. xxxvi. 6 — 8. that they fhonld
live much by war, violence, and rapine; Mat. x. 34; fhould, by David, Amaziah,
Hyrcanus, &c. be fubjeifted to the Hebrew yoke; Deut. xxxiii. 29. Pfal. lx. 8.
2 Sam. viii. 14. 2 Chron. xxv. 11, 12. Obad. 18, 19; but fhould under Jehoram
caft it off; 2 Kings viii. 16, 20.
Ver. 41. In this manner Efau hoped to recover both birthright aad bleffing; bat
Ifaac, neverthelefs, lived about 43 years after.

Rebekah* s fear for Jacob's marriage.

CHAP. XXVIII.

Jacob is fent to Padan-aram.

A they proTed 20
years, ch. 31. 3

**%£?* him: and Efau faid in his heart, The
~-  days of mourning for my father are at
"J^SKffi hand ; b then will I flay my brother Ja-
12, i'i, 16. K 37- 1
12, 14, 32. 8c 140. f^UU.
\:5}. icTisf it 41 ^[ And thefe words of Efau her
elder fon were told to Rebekah. : and fhe
fent and called Jacob her younger fon,
and faid unto him, Behold, thy brother
e5XI:#»*ifc Efau, as touching thee, doth c comfort
himfelf, purpofing to kill thee.
43 Now therefore, my fon, obey my
voice; and arife, flee thou to Laban, my
brother, to Haran ;
44 And tarry with him d a few days,
until thy brother's fury turn away ;
45 Until thy brother's anger turn away
from thee, and he forget that which thou
haft done to him : then I will fend, and
fetch thee from thence. Why fhould I
be e deprived alfo of you both in one
day? . 46 And Rebekah faid to Ifaac, I am
weary of my life becaufe of the daugh
ters of Heth: if Jacob take a wife of the
daughters of Heth, fuch as thefe who are
of the daughters of the land, what good
fhall my life do me ?
CHAP. XXVIII.
Having by fraud obtained the bleffing, Jacob is toffed
from one place and from one trouble to another. Here
we have, (1) Jacob fent off by his parents to Syria
with a parting bleffing, and a folemn charge to take
no wife but of his own kindred; I — 5. (2) Efau
attempting to pteafe his parents, and, if poffible, en
title his feed to the privileges of the birthright, by
his marriage with a daughter of Ifhmael, Abraham's
eldeft fon; 6 — 9. (3) God appearing to Jacob in

e 2 Sam. 14- 6, 7.
ch. 9. 6. &4- 1:
lb. Acts 28. 4.

his flight, and gracioufly ratifying to him ihe bleffing
which he had obtained, and afcertaining him of his
gracious pro'teclion; 10 — 15. (4) Deeply impreffed
with the vifion of the ladder, and with the promifes,
Jacob dedicates himfelf to God's fervice by a folemn
vow ; 16 — 22.
AN D Ifaac called Jacob, and a blefled
him, and charged him, and faid
unto him, b Thou fhalt not take a wife
of the daughters of Canaan.
2 c Arife, go to Padan-aram, to the
houfe of Bethuel thy mother's fathe ;
and take thee a wife from thence of the
daughters of Laban thy mother's bro
ther. 3 And d God Almighty blefs thee, and
make thee fruitful, and multiply thee,
that thou mayeft be * a multitude of
people ;
4 And give thee e the bleffing of Abra.-
ham, to thee, and to thy feed with thee ;
that thou mayeft inherit the land "¦* where
in thou art f
unto Abraham
5 And Ifaac ferit away Jacob: and
he went to h Padan-aram unto La
ban, fon of Bethuel the Syrian, the bro
ther of Rebekah, Jacob's and Efau's
mother. 6 % When Efau faw that Ifaac had
blefled Jacob, and fent him away to
Padan-aram, to take him. a wife from
thence ; and that as he bleffed him he
gave him a charge, faying, i Thou fhalt
not take a wife of the daughters of Ca
naan ; •
7 And that Jacob k obeyed his father

Before Chrift
!759-

a ftranger,

which God e gave

a Ch. 27. 4, z8,.z9,
33. & 48. 15. 6c
49, 28. Deut. 33.1.
Jofh. 22. 7,
b Ch. 14. 3. & 26.
34, 35. & 27. 46.
See ch. 6. z.
c Ch. 25. 20. Sc 24.
IO. &22. ZC — 2J.
& 29. 1. ver. 5.
Hoi. 12. 12,.

dCh. T7.T. Sen- 1&
& 22, 17. Pf. 128.
1—6. cii. 3$. ii.
& 43. ;.
* Heb. an ajfembl, tf
peofle.

eCh. 12. 1, 3. &if.
6,7. & 22. 17, 18.
Gal. 3. 14. Eph. 1.
3. Pi. 72. 17.
t Heb. of thy fejowm*
ing:.
fCh. 17. 8. Heb. II.
9. Pf. ios- 12, 13.
& 39. 12.
g Ch. 12. 7- 8c 13.
Ij, 17. & 15. 18.
& 17. 18.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — When dimnefs of fight,
-or other harbingers of death, faff/en upon us, it is high time for
fpiritual diligence, particularly in committing ourfelves and our
families to God. But even then it is Hard to rectify the partial
affection which we have conceived for our children. How un-
feemly for parents, efpecially if godly, to become tempters of their
children to offend God, and to defpife the awful curfe which he
hath annexed to ' fin ! Their evil counfels are a moft entanglino-
ihare ; and it is unnatural for the deareft relations to become de
ceivers of one another ; efpecially as one fin fo naturally leads to
another ftill worfe ; and nothing but diforder, grief, or other mur
derous etinfequences, can juftly be expected ! — The fov'ereignty
-of God is often remarkably evident in accomplifhing his great
defigns through means of, the wicked practices of men; but the
heirs of promife, notwithftanding, entail upon themfelves the moft
fearful perplexity and trouble, in taking finful methods to obtain
their promife'd benefits.— i— With what earneftnefs will the inoft
Vol. I.

i See ver.r.

kExod. 20. 12. Lev.
19. 3. Prov. 1. S.
Eph. 6. 1, 2. Col.
3. 20.

carnal men purfue after fpiritual things, for the fake of the carnal
advantages which they hope will attend thend But, if difappointe'd,
readily they pervert their way, and their heart fretteth againft the
Lord, while with malice and murder they think to defeat the pur-
pofes of God. How readily this malice reduces to great perplexity
and fear fuch as have been the finful inftruments of their difappoint-
ment!  Stand in awe, my foul; feek the Lord's bleffing only
in his own time and method ! Let lying lips be an abomination
to me ! Never let me defpife the heavenly birthright, left I be de
nied the bleffing when afterward I feek it carefully with tears. Is
any provoked by, or even unjuftly enraged at me, let me, by yield
ing, pacify great offences ; or, by flight, efcape for my fafety.
Perhaps what now feems bafe or bitter to my corrupt heart, may
yield me confolation in the latter end. Let intimacy, therefore,
and efpecially marriage-connection, with the wicked be ahvay the
deteftation of my foul !
G

God bleffeth Jacob at Bethel.

GENESIS.

Jacob vows ; comes to Haran.

Before Chrift
J759-

and h

is motner

the

and was gone to Padan-

% Heb. were evil in
the eyes, 8cc.
1 his pofterity, ch.
25.I7, & 36.13.13.
t, Or, Bafhemath.

|| Called Aas 7. 2.
Lharran,

mVer.18. iCor.1.5.
with Mat. 8. 20.

nCh. i5.i,i2.'&2o,
3. Num. 12. 6. Job
33. 14, 15. 8c 4.
13. Dan. 7. I.
Heb. I. I.

eCh. 35. 1. &48. 3.
p Ch. 15. 1. & 17 7.
Excel. 3. 6. Mat.
22. 32.
<\ to thee in right,
and to thy feed in
_„porreffidn, ch. 12.
7.&13. 15,17. Pi".
105. II. Afts 7. 5.
Ezek. 37. 24, 25.
r Seed natural, but
chiefly fpiritual,
Acts 3. 25. ch. 13.
16. & 32. 12. &
35. II. Num. 23.
' 10. Rev. 7. 4, 9.
* Heb. break forth.
5 Deut. 12, 20.
tCh. 12.3. & 18.18.
&22. 18. &20.4.
Gal. 3. 16. Pf.72.
17. Eph. 1. 3.

aram ;
8 And Efau feeing that the daughters
of Canaan + pleafed not Ifaac his father ;
9 Then went Efau unto ' Ifhmael, and
took unto the wives which he had
§ Mahalath the daughter of Ifhmael Abra
ham's fon, the fifter of Nebajoth, to be
his wife.
1 o % And Jacob went out from Beer-
fheba, and went toward I' Haran.
1 1 And he lighted upon a certain place,
and tarried there all night, becaufe the
fun was fet ; and he took of the ftones of
that place, and put them for his m pillows,
and lay down in that place to fleep.
1 2 And he " dreamed, and behold a
ladder fet upon, the earth, and the top of
it reaphed to heaven: and behold the
angels of God afcending and defcending
on it.
13 ° And, behold, the Lord ftood
above it, and faid, I am the Lord p God
of Abraham thy father, and the God of
Ifaac: the land whereon thou lieft, q tO'
thee will I give it, and to thy feed ;
14 And r thy feed fhall be as the duft
of the earth; and thou fhalt * fpread
abroad * to the weft, and to the eaft, and
to the north, and to the fouth: and in
thee and c in thy feed fhall all the fami
lies of the earth be blefled.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII. —How croffes and
crowns are mingled together in the lot of the faints ! But it is
comfortable when the bleffing -of parents and of God prepares men
for their trials ; and to have a godly friend's houfe to lodge in,
amidft our diftrefs, alleviates the grief. What care both parents
and children ought to take to prevent unequal marriages with the
ungodly ! How fhrewd the contrivances of carnal men to promote
their temporal advantage ! But they who aim only at pleafing men
often meet with the moft bitter difappointments. They who reft
on partial reformations lie down but the more fecurely under the
wrath of God. It is too late to be wife when the opportunity is
loft. How amazing the mercy of God, in gracioufly viiiting
fuch as, by their fin, have made their own homes dangerous for
them to tarry at. Eafily he renders even trouble fweet with his
kindnefs ; and happy they who have him and his angels to be their
protectors ! No danger can come near them. And, if he love,
he will never leave us. — He is often nearer us than we are aware :

Chap. XXVIII. Ver. 12, 13. This viiion reprefented the peculiar care of God
concerning Jacob and other faints, and the miniftration of angels to them ; 2 Chron.
xvi. 9. Eccl. v. 8. Pf. exxxv.. 6. If. xii. 10. Acls xviii. 10. 2 Tim. iv. 16, 17,
Pf. xxxiv. 7. 8c xci. 11. Mat. xviii. iq. Heb. i. 14. Ch. xxxii. I, 2. But chiefly
this ladder typified Chrift as mediator between God and man.; He, in his man
hood, is of the earth, a defcendant of Jacob, and in his divine perfon is the Lord from

15 And, behold, v I am with thee, and
will keep thee in all places whither thou
goeft, and will bring thee again into this
land; for I will not leave thee until I
have done that which 1 have fpoken to
thee of.
1 6 \ And Jacob awaked out of his
fleep, and he faid, Surely the Lord is in
this place, and * I knew it not.
1 7 And he was ? afraid, and faid, How
dreadful is this place ! this is z none other
but the houfe of God, and this is the gate
of heaven. 1 8 And Jacob a rofe up early in the
morning, and took the ftone that he had
put for his pillows, and b fet it up for a
pillar, and + poured oil upon the top
of it. 1 9 And he called the name of that place
c Beth- el : but the name of that city was
called Luz at the firft.
20 And Jacob vowed a vow, faying,
¦f" If God will be with me, and will keep.
me in this way that I go,; and will give
me bread to eat, and raiment to put on ;
21 So that I come again to my father's
houfe in peace ; then fhall the Lord be
my God:
22 And this ftone, which I have {etfor
a pillar, fhall be God's d houfe : and of all
that thou fhalt give me + I will furely
give e the tenth unto thee.

Before Chrift
'759'
uCh.31 i-Sczzlg;
&40-4- Mat. 28.
zoj Jofh. 1,. .,
Judg. 6. 16. If. 4.
2. ar 41. io^ 13,
Jer. 1. 19. Rom. S.
31,32. 1 Tim. 4^,
Heo. 13. 5. John
10. 28, 29. Jude 1,

x little expefled it,
Job 9. 11. & j3,
14. 1 Sam. 3. 4-*j,t
y Mat. 17. 6. Luke
2.9.&0. 35. ReT.
1. 17.
z Here God is mani.
felled in a remark.
able manner, and
there is an inlet
into communion
with him, 1 Tim.
3- 15- ch. 3-j. ij.
a Ch. 22. 3. Eccl.g,
10. Pf. 119. 60.
bCh.3,.45. &j5.
14, 20. 11. 19. 19.
Jofh. 24.26. iSam,
7.12. 2Sam.18.18.
t as a thank-offering
to God.
c That fcrthtboufe of
God, Judg. 1. 23—.'
26. Hof. 4. 15, i

f Or, fince.

d A place for God's
worfhip, ch. 12.8.
&21.33. &33.20.
& 3S- I, I, 7, I*
X Heb. tithing I will
tithe. -
e Ch. 14. 20. Deut.
14. 22, 23. Lev.
27. 30.

and his comfortable prefence in ordinances is the very gate to ce-
leftial joys. How effectually nearnefs to God humbles us under
a fenfe of our own vilenefs and corruption ! and happy is it when
our fellowfhip with God leaves a lafting impreffion on our fpirits ;
powerfully conftrains us, by folemn engagement, to furrender Our-
felves, and all that we have, to his fervice ; and renders us con
tent with a moderate fhare of the good things of 'this life! But
while I thus regard the kindnefs of his providence, let me here
contemplate the perfon and the work of my glorious Redeemer,'
that Mediator between God and man. On earth, in the conde-
fcenfion of his humanity ; in heaven, in the glory of his divinity ;'
through him I come near to God, and enjoy his prefence and his
favour ; through him I behold the promifes of guidance and pro
tection; and after all my wanderings in this world, defended by his
care, fhall return to my Father's houfe in peace, laden with the
bleffings of eternal glory.

heaven ; If. vii

Jacob meets with Rachel.

CHAP. XXIX.

Jacob" s fervices and marriages.

Before Chrifl
1759-

* Heb. lifted up his
feet, Pf. 119, 32,
60.
aCh. 28. 5,6. &2S.
20. 8c 24.10. & 22.
20 — 23.
f Heb. children.
b Ch. 24. II, 13.
Exod. 2. 16.
c Sang 1.7. Pf. 23. 2.
If. 49. 10.

flocks ga-

ti ch. 11. 31. & 24-
10. Acts 7. 2.

e Grandfon, ch. 31.
53. 8c 24. 24, 29.

f Ch. 43.27. 1 Sam,
' 25.5. 2 Sam. 20,9.
J Heb. is there peace
to him?

g Eph. 5. 16. Gal. 6.
9, io.
$ Heb. )el the day is
great.

t Ch. 34. 14- &43-
. 31. According to
our eftablifhed or
der wc cannot do
it : nor have we
fufficient ability
to do it.

jCh, 24.15. Exod. 2.
15, t6, 21. Song
I. 7: ».

CHAP. XXIX.
Here the promife, which God had made to Jacob, begins
to be accomplijhed in ( I ) His fafe conduil to Ha
ran, where, at a well for watemig the flocks, he meets
with Rachel his coufin, and is by her introduced to
her father; i — 14. (2) His comfortable marriage
with Rachel, attended with an impofltion of Leah her
fifter in her ftead; 15 — 30. (3) The building up
of his family with four fons, Reuben, Simeon, Levi,
and Judah, by Leah ; and the notice fhe took of the
providence of God therein ; 31 — 35.
THEN Jacob * went, on his journey,
and came into a the land of the
t people of the eaft.
2 And he looked, and behold b a well
in the field, and, lo, there were c three
flocks of fheep lying by it ; for out of that
well they watered the flocks : anda great
ftone was upon the well's mouth.
3 And thither were all the
thered: and they rolled the ftone from
the well's mouth, and watered the fheep,
and put the ftone again upon the well's
mouth in his place.
4 And Jacob faid unto them, My bre
thren, whence be ye ? And they faid, Of
d Haran are we.
5 And he faid unto them, Know ye-
Laban the e fon of Nahor ? And they faid,
We know him.
6 And he faid unto them, f Is * he
well ? And they faid, He is well : and,
behold, Rachel his daughter cometh with
the fheep.
7 And he faid, Lo, % it is yet § high
day, neither is, it time that the cattle
fhould be gathered together : water ye
the fheep, and go and feed them.
8 And they faid, h We cannot until all
the flocks be gathered together, and till
they roll the ftone from the well's mouth ;
then we water the fheep.
9 % And ' while he yet fpake with them
Rachel came with her father's fheep ; for
fhe kept them.
10 And it came to pafs, when Jacob

and lxviii. 17, 18. Dan. vii. 10, 13. and fecond coming; 1 Theff. i*. 16. 2 ThefT.
i. 7. Mat. xxv. 31. ...
Ver. 20. A vow is a folemn promife made to God, by which we bind ourfelves
more ftriflly to neceffary duty, or what indifferent things are calculated to promote
it, Pfal. lxxvi. 11. & cxix. 106. if. xix. 21. & xliv. 4, 5. 8c xiv. 23. 2 Cor. viii.
5. Deut. v. 2, 3. and xxix. 1,12, 13. Jofh. xxiv. 25. 1 Kings xi. 17. 2 Chron. xxix.
10. and xxxiv. 31, 32, 34. Ezrax. 3. Neh. ix. 10. Afts xviii. 18. and xxi, 23, 24.

faw Rachel the daughter of Laban his
mother's brother, and the fheep of Laban
his mother's brother, that Jacob- went
near, and rolled the ftone from the well's
mouth, and watered the flock of Laban
his mother's brother.
1 1 And Jacob k kifled Rachel, and lift
ed up his voice, l and wept.
1 2 And Jacob told Rachel that he was
her father's m brother, and that he was
Rebekah 's fon : and fhe ran and told her
father. 13 And it came to pafs, when Laban
heard the H tidings of Jacob his filler's fon,
that he ran to meet him, and embraced
him, and " kifled him, and brought him
to his houfe. + And he told Laban all
thefe things.
14 And Laban faid unto him, Surely
thou art ° my bone and my flefh. And he
abode with him * the fpace of a month.
15 % And Laban faid unto Jacob,
Becaufe thou art my brother, fhouldeft
thou therefore ferve me for nought ? Tell
me, what fhall thy wages bet
16 And Laban had two daughters:
the name of the elder was Leah, and the
name of the younger w as Rachel.
17 Leah was tender-eyed; but Rachel
was beautiful and well-favoured.
1 8 And Jacob loved Rachel ; and faid,
p I will ferve thee feven years for Rachel
thy younger daughter.
19 And Laban faid, q It is better that
I give her to thee than that I fhould give
her to another man : abide with me.
20 And Jacob ferved feven years for
Rachel : and they feemed unto him but
a few days, r for the love he had to
her. 21 ^[ And Jacob faid unto Laban, Give
me my wife (for my days 5 are fulfilled)
that I may ' go in unto her

Before Chrift
1759-

k Ver. 13. ch. 33. 4.
Exod. 4. 27. Rom.
16. 16.
ICh. 33. 4. £43. sa
fe 45. 2. 14, 15.
for joy.
m Kinfman ; ne
phew, ver. 13.
ch. 13. 8.

ff Hub. hearing.

n Ch. 45. 15. Exod.
4. 27. & 18. 7.
Luke 7 45. Rom.
16. 16.
t He told him rhe
caule of hi j.ur-
ney, and -mat had
happened to him
by the v.'dy.
0 My near kiniman,
ch. 2. 23. Judg. 9.
2. 2 Sam. 19. 12.
Mic. 7. 5. Eph. 5.
30. ch. 13. 8. ver.
12, 15.
* Heb. a jrmnth of
days.

pHof. 12.12. &3- 2.
ch. 34. 12. Exod.
22. 17.

q Pf.I2. 2. If. 56. II.
He was fhame-
lcf'sly covetous.

22 And Laban gathered

the

men

of the

tr
place,

together

all

and made u a feaft.

r 1 Cor. 13. 7. Song
8. 7. Eph. 5. 2.

1752.
s My feven years
lervice, ver. 18,
20. ch. 31. 41.
tjudg. 15. 1. ch. 4. 11
&c 38. 16.
u Judg. 14. 10. John
2. 1, 2.

and that either in thankfulnefs for fome mercy received ; Jon. i. 16. or for obtain
ing fome fpecial benefit; Num. xxi. 1, 2. Judg. xi. 30. I Sam. i. n. Prov.
xxxi. 2.
Ver. 21. Owned and worfhipped by me and my family, as the author of our
whole happinefs, and as our fover-eign and everlafting portion ; Ex. xv> 2. Pfal.
cxviii. 2;..
G2

Birth of four fons to him,

GENESIS,

RaehePs impatient defre of childreh*.

Before Chrift
175*-
X Being veiled,
ch. 24. 65. 8c 38.
J5. Mic. 7. 5.

yCh.i6.i.&24. 59.

ziCor.3.13. &4. 5.

a Ch, 27. 35. Prov,
n. 31. Itidg. 1.7.
Mat. 7, 2.

f Heb. place.

b Seven days of mar-
riage-feaft, Judg,
14. 10.
c Mal. 2. 15. Lev.
18. 18. Mat. 19. 5.
> Tim. 6. 10.

3752'

9} Deut. 21. 15. Mat.
6. 24. 8c 10. 37.
John 12,25, Luke
14, 26.

t Ch. 20. 18. & 3c.
22. Pf. 127. 3.
fCh. 16.1.&25.21.
Judg.13. 2. 1 Sam.
I. 5. Luke I. 7.
g.That is, fee a Jon,
ch. 35. 22, 23. 8c
37. 21, 22, 29. &
42.7.2, 37. & 46.8,
9. elf 49. 3, 4.

23 And it came to pafs in the evening,
that, he took * Leah his daughter, and
brought her to him; and he went in
unto her.
24 And Laban gave unto his daughter
Leah, Zilpah his maid, for y an hand
maid. 25 And it came to pafs, that * in the
morning, behold, it was Leah : and he
faid to Laban, What is this thou haft
done unto me ? did not I ferve with thee
for Rachel ? wherefore then a haft thou
beguiled me ?
26 And Laban faid, It muft not be fo
done in our + country, to give the
younger before the firft-born.
27 Fulfil her b week, and we will give
thee c this alfo, for the fervice which thou
fhalt ferve with me yet feven other years.
28. And Jacob did fo, and fulfilled her
week : and he gave him Rachel his daugh
ter to wife alfo.
29 And Laban gave to Rachel his
daughter Bilhah his handmaid to be her
maid. 30 And he went in alfo unto Rachel,
and he d loved alfo Rachel more than
Leah, and ferved with him yet feven
other years.
31 5F -^nd when the Lord faw that
Leah was hated, he "opened, her womb:
but Rachel was f barren..
32' And Leah conceived and bare a fon,
and fhe called his name g Reuben: for
fhe faid, Surely the Lord hath looked
upon my affliction; now therefore my
hufband will love me.

33 And fhe conceived again, and bare **%£*

a fon ; and faid, Becaufe the Lord hath
heard that I was hated, he hath therefore
given me this fon alfo; and fhe called his
name h Simeon. , b Sa^VT'|
34 And fhe conceived again, and bare %'.™.t$i,t>.
a fon ; and faid, Now this time will my 'W*
hufband be joined unto me, becaufe I have
born him three fons : therefore was his
name called ' Levi. ' f 2%'4-"&'3fo
25 And fhe conceived again, and bare ^-s,6. 
a fon : and fhe faid, Now will I praife I7+8' ,
the Lord; therefore fhe called his name kThat!s tajfi
k Judah, and + left bearing. &s£$£
•> ' <-> 44. is— 34. & 45.
CHAP. XXX. "'**'*
. f He.h. flood from)
Here the bleffing of Jacob, by his father and his God,, biar"K-
iffues in a numerous family, and remarkable wealth.
(1) Rachel's impatient deflre of children iffues in1
Jacob's taking his handmaids for concubines, by
whom he hath four fons ; Dan, Naphtali, Gad, and
AJher; 9 — 13: and her'def re of Reuben's mandrakes:
iffues in Leah's bearing Iffachar, Zebulun, and Di
nah ; 14 — 21: At laft Rachel bears Jofeph ; 22—
24. (2) Jacob, after his fourteen years fervice for
his wives, inclines to return home to his father : but
Laban detains him ; and, according to his choice, ap
points him the fpotted cattle and goats, and the brown
fheep, for his wages; 25 — 36. (3) Directed by
God, Jacob places white-ftraked rods before the cat~
tie in their watering-troughs at the time of their con
ception, and makes the beft of them to produce for him
felf, and fo becomes quickly rich ; "?7 — 4.3. 1751".
J J' J * J ¦" " a Ch. 37. 11. Nors.
AND when Rachel faw that fhe bare j^j^J
Tadob no children, Rachel a envied ^f-i-V&Ff-
*J . . J-- Jam.- 3. 14. <x.
her fifter ; and faid unto Jacob, Give me 4' s'
children, b" or elfe I die. b.job4.».prov.i4.
2 And Jacob's c anger was kindled '&$*¦**'
againft Rachel; and he faid, 4 Am I in d f £%*£»¦
God's ftead, who hath withheld from thee !«™9- &*«7. j"
the e fruit of the womb ?

2 Kin. 5.7.
e Deut. 7. 13. Lake
1. 42.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — Behold how- cheerful and
profperous the gracious vifits of a reconciled God render men !
Behold the plainnefs, humility, and kindnefs,. which once prevailed
in the world ! How kind is it to affift others unafked ; and how un
natural to refufe our relations affiftance in the time of their dif
trefs ! The diligent labourer is worthy of his hire. Virtuous love
brings its own reward along with it. Nothing is irkfome when
done in fervent affection. With what deliberation, ought men
to proceed in marriage, even when they are affured of God's bleff
ing on it ! How powerful is the abominable influence of a cove
tous heart — It will make parents to fell their children, or proftitute
them as harlots, and men to impofe upon their neareft friends !
How juftly God marks the fins of his own favourites in their chaf-

Chap. XXIX, Ver. 23. Leah being veiled,, as ch. xxiv. '65, and it being dark,
Jacob could not difcern thefraud. Thus he, who beguiled his brother, and impofed
on his dim-fighted father, was now, in like manner, b ?guiled himfelf.

tifements ; and yet mercifully tries them with difappointments,
that the love of creatures may not engrofs their whole heart ! How
little comfort men have ever found in teanfgreffing God's original
inftitution, by taking a plurality of wives ! Real marriage-love can
not be divided. Nothing can be heavier to an affectionate wife^than
to have her hufband's love eftranged from her. But readily the Lord
takes part with them who have leaft help in man ; and makes up-
in one thing what he denies to them in another. Let us there
fore, like Leah, diligently obferve the providence of God, not
only in the birth of children, but in every other thing which may
befall us ; that we may acknowledge it with gratitude, truft him
more cheerfully, and praife him to his glory.
¦  —  .  .  ,  -i.
Ver. 31. To punifh. Leah for confenting to her father's deceit, fhe was hand, that
is, lefs loved than Rachel j Ver. 30.

Jacob* s concubines ana children.

CHAP. XXX.

Leah and Rachel's children.

Beforechriit ^ And ^e faidj Behold, my maid Bil-

hah, go in unto her ; and fhe fhall bear
"w^Th^o!^ f upon my knees', that I may alfo * have
Job 3. 12. 1_ -1 1 ' 1 1
. Heb. b un h children by her.
*"* 4 And fhe gave him Bilhah her hand-
% ^°"™bi"^'& maid to s wife : and Jacob went in unto her.
m***^ 5 And Bilhah conceived, and bare
Jacob a fon.
6 And Rachel faid, God hath judged
me, and hath alfo heard my voice, and
hath given me a fon : therefore called fhe
fc™f¥ I"? his name h Dan*
7 And Bilhah Rachel's maid conceived
again, and bare Jacob a fecond fon.
1 sLSSH 8 And Rachel faid' With * §reat wreft_
Wv^lkik lings have I wreftled with my fifter, and
gotnmyMwifhhbel I have prevailed : and fhe called his name
yond her expeila- , xt 1 . 1"
ti.n. ' JNaphtah.
1 l%lct.gi%t 9 f When Leah faw that fhe had k left
cajie^M.4': .j.' bearing, fhe tqpk Zilpah her maid, and
kForatime,ch,29. gave her Jacob to wife.
10 And Zilpah Leah's maid bare Jacob
a fon. 1 1 And Leah faid, A troop cometh :.
cJlan%°A.lfz\i. and fhe called his name 1 Gad.
& 46.10. & 49. 19.

35. ver. 17.
1 748.

1746.

¦f Thefe contentions
chiefly fprang
from a d.fire to
have

1 2 And Zilpah Leah's maid bare Jacob
a fecond fon.
»«''•' " 13 And Leah faid, * Happy am I, for
m.%08.'3song6L"9ke the daughter's will m call me blefled : and
11 chh V'li.T'46. ^e ca^e(l his name" Afher.
i7. i'49.20. r4 ^ AndRxuben went in the days of
Pre.174r7*. wheat-harveft, and found u mandrakes in
s^g7?t,fre"' th.e field, and brought them unto his
mother Leah. Then Rachel faid to Leah,
Give me, I pray thee, of thy fon's man
drakes. 1 5 And fhe faid unto her, + Is it a
EUS^V fmall matter that thou haft taken, my
duc[nVthedMer-' hufband ? and wouldeft thou take away
my fon's mandrakes alfo ? And Rachel
faid, Therefore he fhall lie with thee to
night for thy fon's mandrakes..
16 And Jacob came out of the field in
the evening, and Leah went out to meet
him, and faid, Thou muft come in unto
me, for furely I have hired thee with my
fon's mandrakes. And he lay with her
that night.
1 7 And God hearkened unto Leah, and
iheconceived, and bare Jacob the .fifth, fon.

God hath given

Before Chrift
1747-

q That is, dweflinp,
ch. 3;. 23. & 46.
14. &49. 13. call
ed Xabulon, Mat,
4- 13-

t 1. e. barrennefs.
Barfennefs was

1 8 And Leah faid,
me mine hire, becaufe I have given my ti„f,e?dofacknoy/.
maiden to my hufband : and fhe called |S^kI«'
his name p Iflachar. he°rforitr.w
» 1 t 1 "i " IP That is, an hire,
19 And Leah conceived again, and ch. je. *3 & a&.
bare Jacob the fixth fon.
20 And Leah faid, God hath endued
me with a good dowry ; now will my
hufband dwell with me, becaufe I have-
born him fix fons: and fhe called his
name i Zebulun.
2 1 And afterwards fhe bare a daughter
and called her name r Dinah.
22 f And God » remembered Rachel, ft""*-**-
and God hearkened to her, and opened s^;^.Vhfa"; £
her womb.
23 And fhe conceived and bare a fon;. I74S*
and faid, God hath taken away my
' reproach.. 24 And fhe called his name u Jofeph ; |S£»r£
and faid, The Lord fhall x add to me h°n°uron£cr«ii!
" mg Abraham's
another ion- ducihg-thVVo-
25 y And it came to pafs, when J-gj^1,-^.
Rachel had born Jofeph, that Jacob faid uThaUs; 'addi^
unto Laban, Send me away, that I may xxxvii'. x4***—-
, J ' , J Xlviii. 1. & 49.
go unto mine own place, and to ? my «-*• ,
country. . 'a*?'**.
26 Give me my wives and my children, 3- neb. n. 9.
for whom I have ferved thee, and let me
go : for . thou knoweft my fervice. which
I have done thee-
27 And Laban faid unto him, Ipray
thee, if I have * found favour in thine zch.i8». &39.
" 21. Exod. 3. 21.
eyes,, tarry : fori, have learned by expe- S'j;;,^;
rience that a the Lord hath bleffed me \% Dan1, i?"'."'
for thy fake.. _ '?i&i&«*»:
28 And he faid, b Appoint me thy t cu. 29, i5..
wages, and I will give iu <
29 And he faid unto him, Thou knoweft
c how I have ferved thee,, and how thy c Tn?».Vfi.'*
cattle was with me.
30 For // was. little which thou hadft-
before I came, and it is now d increafedd"t'4jrt''*A'*'
unto a multitude; and the Lord hath
blefled thee e fince my coming: and now e Heb* ««,/«*,
when fhall I provide, for mine own houfe
alfo? 3 1 And he faid, What fhall I give thee ?;
And Jacob faid, Thou fhalt not give me ftaJ*J£^&
f any thing; if thou wilt do this thins; ^'r^*-
d . a q ». Heb. IJ. Ji.-

GENESIS.

Jacob fettles his wages with Laban.
s%\c^ for me, I will again feed and keep thy
1  flock :
32 I will pafs through all thy flock to
day, removing from thence all the fpeck
led and fpotted cattle, and all the brown
cattle among the fheep, and the fpotted
and fpeckled among the goats : and of
'^SceiVf^hiz^fuch fhall be my hire.
22 So fhall my h righteoufnefs anfwer
for me ' in time to come, when it fhall
come for my hire before thy face : every
one that is not fpeckled and fpotted
brown amongft

Jacob's policy to become rich.

pro<dams, ver.' 55.
h My juft dealing
fhall appear in
the colour of my
¦ cattle, If. 59. 12.
i Heb. tumrrovfo
£xod, 13. 14.

the goats, and

* Laban agreed to
this, as he expect
ed that, all of the
colo ursagreed up
on being removed
from ihe flock,
fcarce any more
fuchwouldbepto-d icei in it.

tc©ire£ed by an an-
gef, ch. 31.9— (i.
1 Heb. Lux.,
ch. 18. 10.
31 Ezek, 31. 8.

* -Heb.- be in heat.

amongft the fheep, that fhall be accounted ftolen
with me.
34 And * Laban faid, Behold, I would
it might be according to thy word.
25 And he removed that day the he-
goats that were ring-ftraked, and fpotted,
and all the fhe-goats that were fpeckled
and fpotted, and every one that had fome
white in it, and all the brown among the
fheep, and gave them into the hands of his
fons. 36 And he fet three days journey be
twixt himfelf and Jacob : and Jacob fed
the reft of Laban' s flocks.
37 And Jacob took him k rods of green
poplar, and of the J hafel and m chefnut-
tree; and pilled white ftrakes in them,
and made the white appear which was in
the rods.
38 And he fet the rods which he had
pilled before the flocks in the gutters in
the watering- troughs, 'when the flocks
came to drink, that they fhould 'conceive
when they came to drink.

39 And the flocks "conceived before
the rods, and brought forth cattle ring-
ftraked, fpeckled, and fpotted.
40 And Jacob did feparate the lambs,
and fet the faces of the flocks toward the
ring-ftraked, and all the brown in the
flock of Laban : and he put his own flocks
by themfelves ; and "•" put them not unto
Laban's cattle.
41 And it came to pafs whenfoever the"
ftronger cattle did conceive, that Jacob
laid the rods before the eyes of the cattle
in the gutters, that they might conceive
among the rods.
42 But when the cattle were feeble he
put them not in : fo the feebler were
Laban's, and the ftronger Jacob's.
43 And the man "increafed exceedingly,
and had much cattle, and maid- fervants,
and men-fervants, and camels, and afles.
CHAP. XXXI.
Twenty years ago, Jacob had fled from his father' s fa
mily in a fright ; and now in fear he flees from that
of his father-in-law. (1) Weary of envy and ill
uj age from Laban. and his fons, and commanded and
encouraged by God, he, with the confent of his wives,
fits off for Canaan, with all that pertained to him,
without giving Laban notice, left he fhould have rob
bed him of it ; 1 — 21. (2) After three days, La
ban, being informed of his departure, purfues 'him in
great wrath, and overtakes him ; and, notwithftand
ing a divine admonition, chides him fharply for going
off fo fecretly, and for fealing his idols ; 22 — 30.
(3) After excuflng his manner of departure, and
finding that Laban could, by fearch, find nothing per
taining to him, Jacob fharply upbraids him with his ¦
attempts to injure him in his wages, if God had not
prevented it; 31. (4) After covenanting that Ja
cob fhould not injure Laban's daughters, and that he
and Laban fhould maintain mutual friendfhip; and
confirming the fame by the ereclion ef a heap of

Before Chrift
'745-
11 Ch. 31.9. Exod,
I*. 3S. 36.

t Left that fhould
make them bring
forth yonng, like
Laban's fhare.

0CI1.28.IS.&3T.7, 42. Job 1. 3, Eccl,
2. 7. ch. 13. 2.
Ezek. 39, 10.

Reflectigns upon Chap. XXX. — Sinful marriages have fad
confequences. Wives chofen for their beauty often bring a trou-
rlefome temper along wjth them. Envious difcontentment, and
colo: ooirrted pride, make multitudes miferable ! Immoderate defire
»--" children, or other created enjoyments, hurry many into fearful
diforders ! But it is vain ever to expect that happinefs from crea-
. tures, which can be had only in and from God himfelf. No love
to perfons fhould.. hinder our deteftation and reproof of their fins.
Even the godly are apt to fall into fnares, laid for them by their near
relations. And bad examples are more readily imitated than good
ones. If we are once overcome by fin, we are apt to yield ,to it
more eafily afterward. Many are more governed by the eltima-
tion of the world than by reafon or religion. It is very wicked
for parents to tranfmit their quarrels to their children. It is n.~
leffening of our guilt that God brings good out of our evil, Peo,/n.

often promife themfelves happinefs in that which will be their
death or ruin. Saints have need to truft their God, as all others
may deceive them ; and reafon to defire their heavenly home, as
this world is not their reft. What an advantage to families are
fervants remarjeably pious ! How criminal for covetous mafters to
defraud them of their wages ! What good words worldly men can
give to ferve their own ends ; and how wife they are for their own
carnal interefrs ! But their caution is vain when God defigns to
fniftrate their purpofes ; and they often outwit themfelves who
intend to imiioio upon others. All agreements ought to be made
with great ciearne!-, and accuracy, that no ftain be thereby occa
fioned to our crr;rac"t.i : and, in the ufe of la, ful means to pro
mote our wealth, r r tin ft fhould b- ^xM on the promifed pro
vidence of God. His bleffing c... quickly increafe a little, and
maks. it a great ": ,<re.

Jacob's ill treatment and

CHAP. XXXI.

preparation to return homeward.

Before Chrift
1739.

a Pf. 120. 3, 5. &
J7- 4- & &»¦ 3i 4-
», 9- J™- 5- 8-
Job 5.2. Piov. 14.
30. & 27. 4. Eccl.
4. 4. Tit. 3. 3.

ftone s, and by a folemn facrifice and feaft; they part
amicably; 43 — 55.
AN D he heard a the words of Laban's
fons, faying, Jacob hath taken
away all that was our father's ; and of
that which was our father's hath he got-
^i!?'ch%;?'.3& ten all this b glory.
2 And Jacob beheld the countenance
of Laban, and, behold, it was not to
ward him c as before.
3 ^[ And the d Lord faid unto Jacob,
" Return unto the f land of thy fathers,
and to thy kindred ; and I will be g with
thee. 4 And Jacob fent and called Rachel
and Leah to the field unto his flock,
5 And faid unto them, I fee your fa
ther's countenance, that it is not toward
me as before ; but the God of my father
hath h been- with me.
6 And ye know that i with all my
power I have ferved your father.
7 And your father hath deceived me,
' Nun^M. anc^ changed my wages ten k times ; but
God ' fuffered him not to hurt me.
8 If he faid thus, ra The fpeckled fhall
be thy wages, then * all the cattle bare
fpeckled : and if he faid thus, The ring-
ftraked fhall be thy hire, then bare all
the cattle ring-ftraked.
9 Thus God hath taken away n the
cattle of your father, and given them
to me.
10 And it came to pafs at the time
that the cattle conceived, that I lifted up
mine eyes, and faw ° in a dream, and
behold the t rams which leaped upon the
cattle were ring-ftraked,- fpeckled, and
grifled.

C Heb. as ycjltrdfy
and the dtiybtfcre%
ch. jo. 27.
dCb.35.1. Pf.46.1.
&50.15.&91. 15.
e Ver. 13. ch. 32.9.
f CaDian^ ver. 18.
ch. 13.15. Sci6. j.
g Ch. n. n. & 26.
24. & 18. 15. &
32. g. If 41. 10.
Heb. 13. 5.

fi to bid me depart,
ver. 3, 13.
i Ver. 40,42. Tit. 2.,
t,lo. 1 Pet. 2. X8.
ph. 6. 5— 8. Col,
3. 11—25.

Num. 14. 22
' Ch. 20.6. Pf. 105
14, 15.
ai Ch. 30. 34.
• the moft part.

11 not my fraud.
ver. 1.

d Ch. 28. 12. Num.
12.6. Deut. ij. 1.
1 Kin. 3. 5.
¦J -Or, he-goats.

If Chrift, ver
ch. 48. 16.

7*-J3- &18. 1,17.

¦£11; 1 1 And, p the angel of God fpake unto
me in a dream, faying, Jacob : and I faid,
Here am I.
1 2 And he faid, Lift up now thine eyes
and fee, all the rams which leap upon the
cattle are ring-ftraked, fpeckled, and
grilled: for I have ^ feen all that Laban,
doth unto thee.
12 I am the r God of Beth-el, where
anointedft the pillar, and where
•v«.j. thou vowedft a vow unto me : s now arife,

4 Exod. 3.7. Pf. 12.
J. Jer. 5. 4. Lev.
19. 13. Deut. 24.
15. bph. 6. 9.

r who appeared to I -
thee there, , *
th. 28. a, i». thOU

get thee out from this land, and return
unto the land of thy kindred.
14 And Rachel and Leah anfwered
and faid unto him, * Is there yet any por
tion or inheritance for us in our father's
houfe ?
15 Are we not counted of him ftrang-
ers ? for he hath t fold us, and hath quite
devoured alfo our money.
1 6 " For all the riches which God hath
taken from our father, that is ours, and
our children's: now then, whatfoever
God hath faid unto thee, do.
1 7 ^[ Then Jacob rofe up, and fet hi*
fons and his wives upon camels ;
18 And he carried away all his cattle^
and all his goods which he had gotten,.
the cattle of his getting, which he had
gotten in Padan-aram, for to go to Ifaac
his father in the land of Canaan.
1 9 And Laban went to fhear his fheep ;,
and Rachel had ftolen the v images, that.
were her father's.
20 And Jacob ftole away 'r unawares1
to Laban the Syrian, in that he told him
not that he fled.
21 So he fled with all that he had ;
and he rofe up, and pafled over the river,
and w fet his face toward the mount Gi
lead. 22 % And it was told Laban A on the
third day that Jacob was fled.
23 And he took ? his brethren with
him, and purfued after him feven days
journey ; and they overtook him in the
mount Gilead +.
24 And2 God came to Laban the Sy
rian in a dream by night, and faid unto
him, a Take heed that thou fpeak not to
Jacob § either good or bad.
25 Then Laban overtook Jacob. Now
Jacob had pitched his tent in the mount :
and Laban with his brethren pitched in
the mount of Gilead.
26 And Laban laid to Jacob, bWhat

Before Chrift
1739.

X Wc expect no be
nefit from our fa
ther: he hath dealt
with us as if we
had been Grangers
and flaves ; and
halh converted to
his own ufe the
money due to us
as pnrtions,andto
you as wages.
t Ch. 29. 19, 27.
ver. 41.
u Ver. 8, 9. ch. 30,
35—43-

vHeb. ttraphim.
Thefe were pro.
bahly houfebold
idols, formed in
the likenefs of
men, which they
worfhlpoed and
conlillti-d-, Judg.
17. 5. & 18. 14.
Hof. 3. 4. Ezek.
21. 21. ch. 35. z.
J^fh.24. 2.
II Heb. the heart of
Laban i. e. with
out his knowing
it.
w Luke 9. 51, 53.
Num. 24 1.
2 Kin, 12. 17.
xCh. 30. 36. Exod.-'
14. 5, 8cc. Job 5.
12, 13.
y kinsfolk, ch. 13. 8.
& 24. 27. Exod. z.
II, 13.

t On the eaft of Ca
naan and welt of
Padan-aram.
z See ch. 20. 3,
Num. 22. 26.
I Sam. 23. 26.
a Ver. 42. Pf. 105..
14, 15. ch. 24. 50.
If. 37. 29.
$ Heb. from goodto
bad.

bCh.3. 13.&4. 10.
&12. 18. &20. 9,
haft thou done, that thou haft ftolen T-'^f^-d-

away unawares to me, and carried away
my daughters, "¦ as captives taken with
the fword ?
27 Wherefore didft thou flee away fe-

c falfe, ver. 16.
ch. 2. 24,

Laban purfues and chides him.

GENESIS. Jacob excufes himfelf and chides Laban.

Before Chrift
1739-

• e Ch. 29.
4.27.

¦I- Ver. 3.
2. 14.

g Pf. 5a. 1. John ig.
10, 11.
;b Dan. 2. 47. & 3,18.
& 6. 10, 26.

24. Num. 33. 4.
Exod. 12. 12. Jer.
-43- «¦
k Ch. 20. II, Prov
29.25,

J Ver. 23. ch. 19. 7.
d8c13.ti.Ac1s4.19.

cretly, and * fteal away from me ; and
"n&.-ncyijuenme. didft not tell me, that I might have fent
d prov. 26. 23-25. thee away d with mirth, and with fongs,
with tabret, and with harp ?
13. EMd. 2$ And haft not fuffered me;eto kifs
my fons and my daughters ? thou haft
,3. 1 cor. J10W r done foolifhly in^o doing.
29 It & is in the power of my hand to
do you hurt : but the h God . of your fa
ther fpake unto me yefternight, faying,
Take thou heed that thou fpeak not to
Jacob either good or bad.
30 And now, though thou wouldeft
needs be gone, becaufe thou fore longedft
after thy father's houfe; yet wherefore
"&?«&'. & * haft thou ftolen l my gods ?
31 ^[ And Jacob anfwered and faid to
. Laban, Becaufe k I was afraid : for I faid,
Peradventure thou wouldeft take by force
thy daughters from me.
32 With whomfoever thou findeft thy
gods, let him not live : before l our bre
thren difcern thou what is thine with
me, and take it to thee. For Jacob
knew not that Rachel had ftolen them.
22 And Laban went into Jacob's tent,
»ci.z4-*«.fi7- and into m Leah's tent, and into the two
maid- fervants' tents ; but he found them
not. Then went he out of Leah's tent,
and entered into Rachel's tent.
n ver. 19. 34 Now n Rachel had taken the ima
ges, and put them in the camel's furni-
»Heb./rff. ture, and fat upon them: and Laban -f-
fearched all the tent, but found them not.
35 ( And fhe faid to her father, Let it
•jW^Eph'. not difpleafe'0 my lord that I cannot p rife
•Exod. 2e. 12.9'3' up before thee j for q the cuftom of wo
men is upon me : and he fearched, but
found not the images.
,.-,,.. ..,-,. EPh. 36 f And Jacob', was wroth, and
*.*«. num. it.,*, c^ode witj1 Labaa : and Jacob anfwered
and faid to Laban, What is my tref-
pafs, what is my fin, that thou haft fo
hotly purfued after me ?
3 7 Whereas thou haft fearched all my
ftufF, what haft thou found of all thy
houfehold-ftuff? ° fet it here before my
»'. brethren and thy brethren, that they may
judge betwixt us both.
38 This twenty years have I been with
a

jp Lev. 19. 32. I Kin.
2, 19,
?t\ Lev. 15. 19, ch.
18. 11.

1 iSam. 12. 3, 4.
1 Thcf. 2. 10.
1 Pet. 2. 12. 8c 3
16. Heb. 13.
Mum. 16. 15.

thee ; thy ews and thy fhe- goats ' have """m"
not caft their young;, and the rams of t through i my car,'
J O' andGod'sblefling,
thy- flock have u 1 not eaten. ch' 3°'27'
39 That which- was torn, of beafis I »"¦*«•*-+
brought not unto thee ; I bare the lofs of
it; ofxmy hand didft thou require it,
whether ftolen by day, or ftolen by
night. 40 Thus I was, y in the day the drought
confumed me, and the froft by night ;
and my fleep departed from mine eyes.
41 Thus have 1 1 been twenty years in
thy houfe ; I ferved thee fourteen years
for thy two daughters, and fix years for
thy cattle : and thou haft changed my
wages a ten times
42 Except the God of my father, the
God of Abraham, and b the fear of Ifaac,
had been with me, furely thou hadft fent
me away now empty. God c hath feen c 9.- t<$f:*%
mine affliction, and the labour of my ff1'1' '
.hands, and rebuked thee yefternight.
% And Laban anfwered and faid
Jacob, 'Thefe daughters are my

X Exod. 12, 4. fc 22,
IO, II,

y Luke «. 8. Hof. 12;
12. Heb. 13, 17,
1 Pet. j. 3.

z Ver, 38. 1 Cor. ir.
26. 1 Cor, 15. io.

a See ver. 7.

b God whom he
feared, ch. 27. 3?,'
If. 8. 13. Pf. ii.

43
unto

daughters, and thefe children are my
children, and thefe cattle are my cattle,
and all that thou feeft is mine : and what
can I do this day unto thefe my daugh
ters, or unto their children which they
have born ?
44 Now therefore come thou, d let us >*ch.2i.s2.&*&
make a covenant, I and thou ; and let it
be for a witnefs between me and thee.
45 And Jacob took c a ftone, and fet e £?£££&¦
it up for a pillar. ":***
46 And Jacob faid unto his i brethren, ™«. 13,31,37,5*
Gather ftones ; and they took ftones, and
made an heap : and they did eat there
upon the heap. xn*u,*.i+
47 And Laban called it * Jegar-faha- ££S. f'
dutha : but Jacob called it + Galeed.
48 And Laban faid, This heap is a
witnefs between me and thee this day.
Therefore was the name of it called Ga
leed h ;
49 And * Mizpah ; for he faid, The
Lord watch between me and thee, when
we are abfent one from another.
50 If thou fhalt afflict my daughters,
k or if thou fhalt take other wives befides

t i. e. the heap •/
zdtnes.

h Or Gilead,, VCT.2J.
Deut. 2. J6- fc 1-
16. Jofh. 13,8,9'
i That is, A bcatm,
or watch tower,
Hof. S.I. Judg. >°>
17. & II. »«

k Lev. 18. l«- M«.
19. 5, with Mal.

Jacob and Laban 's covenant.

CHAP. XXXI

Before Chrift
1739-

1 Ch. 17. 7. Exod. 3,
6, Jofh. 24. z.

tn See ch. 16. J.
nDeut.5,l3,ver. 42.
ch. 14. 22. & 21.
¦ 24. &24.3.&20.
$ Or, killed beads.
oCh. 21.8. &37. 25,
& 26. 30. Exod.
18. 12.

p Ch. 33. 4. Num.
23. 5,8, II. Deut.
23. 5. & 32. 36.
A&S 28. 4, 5. Pf.
76. IO.

my daughters, no man is with us ; fee,
God is witnefs betwixt me and thee.
51 And Laban faid to Jacob, Behold
this heap, and behold this pillar, which I
have caft betwixt me and thee ;
52 This heap be witnefs, and this pil
lar be witnefs, that I will not pafs over
this heap to thee, and that thou fhalt not
pafs over this heap and this pillar unto
me, for harm.
52 lThe God of Abraham, and the
God of Nahor, the God of their father,
mjudge betwixt us. And Jacob fware n by
the fear of his father Ifaac.
54 Then Jacob § offered facrifice upon
the mount, and called his brethren ° to eat
bread : and they did eat bread, and tar
ried all night in the mount.
$$ And early in the morning Laban
rofe up, and kifled his fons and his daugh
ters, p and blefled them : and Laban de
parted, and returned unto his place.

CHAP.

XXXII.

Here, in Jacob's return to. Canaan, (i) He is fcarcely
parted from Laban when an hoft of protecting an
gels appear to him; i, 2. (2) He is greatly di-
ftreffed with the tidings that Efau, whom he had hum
bly informed of his return, was marching, with four
hundred men, to deftroy him andfeize on his wealth ;
3 — 6. (3) After dividing his family into two bands,
that, if Efau fhould finite the one, the other might
efcape, he, by prayer, applies to God for his promifed
protetl ion; 7 — 12. (4) Directed by God, he fends
off a large prefent of his cattle, in different droves,
before the reft, as a prefent for Efau, to appeafe him ;
1 3, 2 1 . ( 5 ) Having conducled his family and flocks

XXXII. Jacob prepares to meet Efau.
r the brook Jabbok, he, at Peniel, wreftles aU

Before Chrift
1739-

aPf.91. it. &*34-7-
Heb. 1. 14. iCo--.
3, 22. Eph. 3*io,

b Luke 2. 13. iKia.
6. 17. H. 34- 7-
Dan. 10. 20.

c That is, two h/r,
or fittrfs. Song 6-
13. Julli. n. ;8.
unto the land of *7~4,~$*t
dCh.14.6. & 36. 8.
Deut. z. 22.

night in prayer with God ; obtains his bleffing, and.
a change of his name in token thereof; while a dif-
jointed thigh fignified that- he had not been able to
wreftle with God in his own ftrength ; 22—32.
AND Jacob went on his way, and
a the angels of God met him.
2 And when Jacob faw them, he faid,
This is God's b hoft: and he called the
name of that place c Mahanaim.
3 % And Jacob fent meflengers before
him to Efau his brother,
d Seir, the ; country of Edom.
4 And he commanded them, faying, *«*¦&<!¦
Thus fhall ye fpeak unto e my lord Efau ;
Thy fervant Jacob faith thus, I have fo
journed with Laban, and flayed there
until now :
5 And * I have oxen, and afles, flocks, "'S^SrlS*"
and men-fervants, and women-fervants :
and I have fent to tell my lord, that I
may find grace in thy fight.
6 ^[ And the meflengers returned to
Jacob, faying, We came to thy brother
Efau, and alfo he f cometh to meet thee,
and four hundred men with him.
7 Then Jacob was s greatly afraid and
diftrefled : h and he divided the people
that was with him, and the flocks and
herds, and the camels, into two bands ;
8 And faid, If Efau come to the one
company, and fmite it, then the other
company which is left fhall efcape.
9 ^ And Jacob faid, i O God of my
father Abraham, and God of my father

e Ch. 4. 7. &23. 5.
ver. 18. ch. -,t. 8.
Frov.15.1. &tj. j.
Luke 14. II.

dit my rctetions,
ch. ir. 43. 8e 31.
I. 16.

f Ver. 8,11. ch. 33.1.
Amos 5. 19.

% Pf, 30. 7. & 61. 2.
&31.13. &55.4,
5. & 18. 4, 5. &:
142. 4. John 16.
33. Atfs 14. 22.
2 Tim. 3. 12.
2 Cor. 4. H, 9.
h If. 28. 26. Prov. 2.
11. Pf. 112. 5.
Mat. 10. 16.

i Pf. 50. 15. 8c 91.
15. ' ch, 17. 7. &
31. 53. Ex. 3. 6-

Reflections upon Chap. XXXI.— What flings do riches
carry with them, that for them a man is envied of his neighbour !
but bafe-minded indeed are thofe wretches who are ungrateful,
and who reckon temporal wealth the principal glory. What an
evil world is this, where the beft behaviour cannot fecure one's
reputation ! And -often four looks deprive families of their beft
fupports. It is a mercy that, in the very crifis of difficulty, God
vifits and comforts his people : that he never changes, but wills
that we mould live near to him. When we get worldly bleflings
in a new-covenant channel, they are doubly fweet ; and yet when
outward mercies increafe, we have great need to be ftirred up to
think of our celeftial home. When we have gone fafely out un
der God's direction, we need not fear to return under his care.
But how apt are the beft to forget the diftinguifhed fervice of
God, unlefs they be, both driven and drawn to it ! — How pleafant
when married perfons dwell together in unity, and do nothing im
portant without mutual confent ! — How ftrong is our affeftion to
idols, when we will rather fteal them than want them ; and how
flefpicable thofe deities- that can be ftolen and hidden among the
Vol. I.

ftufF! — God hath in his hand the hearts of all men j and he will
continue to refcue his people when upon the brink of ruin, and
will reftrain their .moft outrageous enemies. — Bad hearts are preg
nant with evil furmifes ; and, if God hinder their mifchievous de
signs, they readily pretend that they never formed them. What
ever wicked men think of foolifti mirth and riotous feafting at the
parting of friends, it is ordinarily a token of much coldnefs or cor
ruption in religion. — Rough and undeferved reproaches provoke
even good men, and of calm fpirits, to vindicate themfelves with
heat, and to recriminate on their reproachers ; and even to utter
hafty wifhes, which would render them miferable if they took ef-
fe£t. But God can marvelloufly overrule the rage of men to a
moft friendly iftue. And with meeknefs and prudence we ought
to cherifh even the fmalleft approach towards peace and reconci
liation. To forgive and forget injuries, and render good for evil,
is truly chriftian : and near relations are doubly bound to mutual
forgivenefs and living in peace. But folemn covenants, amongft
all,* fhould be undertaken with the greateft deliberation, and ob
ferved with the moft; heedful attention. H

Jacob prays, andprepares a prefent forEfau. GENESIS.

Jacob wref les with Odd.

Before Chrift
'739'
kCh.31.3, 13.

f Heb. lamU'sthan
all.
\ Ch. 18. 27. 1 Sam.
9- 8. Pf. 16. 2.
Luke 17. 10.
mCh. 24. 27. Mic.
7-20. t. e^ fulfil
ment ofpromiies.
a. Job 8. 7. & 17. 9.
"Prov. 4. 18. Pf.
84-7- & 18.35.
DetU. 8.18. ver. 5.
0 Pf. 16. 1- &59- 1.
ite 43. 1. Prov.
iS. 19.

p Hof. 10. 14. Deut.
22. 6.
~$ H-eb. uptrn.
q Ch 28. 13 — 15.
Hum. 23. 19.
1 Sam. 15. 29.
Tit. 1. 2. Heb, 6.
17. a Tim. 2. ij.

rProv. 1?. 16. &17.
8. &21. 14. & 19.
6. 1 Kim. 25. 17.

And he lodged there that fame
and took of that which came

* Tc mitigate his
anger by degrees,
ver. 20. ch. 33. 8,
9. Pf. 112. 5. Mat.
10.16. Prov. 2. 11.
If. 23. 26.

Ifaac, the Lord which faidft unto me,
k Return unto thy country, and to thy
kindred, and I will deal well with
thee: 1 o + I am * not worthy of the leaft of
all the mercies, and of all the m truth,
which thou haft fhewed unto thy fer
vant ; for n with my ftaff I pafled over
this Jordan, and now I am become two
bands. u° Deliver me, I pray thee, from the
hand of my brother, from the hand of
Efau: for I fear him, left he will come
and fmite me,- p and the mother + with
the children.
12 And 1 thou faidft, I will furely do
thee good, and make thy feed as the land
of the fea, which cannot be numbered
for multitude. ,
night ;
to his hand r a prefent for Efau his bro
ther; 14 Two hundred -fhe-goats and twenty
he-goats, two hundred ewes and twenty
rams, 15 Thirty milch camels with their
colts, forty kine and ten bulls, twenty
fhe-afles and ten foles.
16 And he delivered them into the
hand of his fervants, every drove by
themfelves; and faid unto his fervants,
Pafs over before me, and put a s fpace
betwixt drove and drove.
1 7 And he commanded the foremoft,
feying, When Efau my brother meeteth
thee, and afketh thee, faying, Whofe art
thou? and whither goeft thou? and
whofe are thefe before thee ?
1 8 Then thou fhalt fay, They be thy
fervant Jacob's ; it is a prefent fent unto
my lord Efau : and behold alfo he is
behind us.
19 And fo commanded, he the fe
cond, and the third, and all that followed

the droves;, faying, On this manner
fhall ye fpeak unto Efau when ye find
him. . 20 Arid fay ye moreover, Behold, thy
fervant Jacob is. behind us : for he faid, I
will appeafe ^ him with the prefent that
goeth before me, and afterward I will fee
his face ; peradventure he will accept
II of me.
2 1 So went the prefent over before him :
and himfelf lodged that night in the com-

Before Chrift
»739-

II Heb. my face..

pany. 22 And

he rofe up that

tight,

and

up „r. _6
took 'his two wives, and his two women
fervants, and his eleven fons, and pafled
over the ford u Jabbok.
23 And he took them, and § fent
them over the brook, and fent over that
he had.
24 ^f And Jacob was left alone ; and
x there wreftled ? a man with him until
the breaking z '" of the day.
25 And, when he faw that he a pre
vailed not againft him, b he touched the
hollow of his thigh ; and the hollow of
Jacob's thigh was out of joint, as he
wreftled with him.
26 And he faid, c Let me go, for the
day breaketh : and he faid, d I will not
let thee go except thou blefs me.
27 And he faid unto him, What is thy
name ? and he faid, Jacob.
28 And he faid, e Thy name fhall be
called no more Jacob, but Ifrael: for as
a prince haft thou power with God and
f with men, and haft prevailed.
29 And Jacob afked him, and faid,
s Tell me, I pray thee, thy name : and he
faid, Wherefore /j it that thou doft afk
after my name ? and h he blefled him
there. 30 And Jacob called the name of the
place ' Peniel + : for I have feen God k face
to face, and my life is preferved.
3 1 ^[ And as he pafled over Penuel the

tCh.35. i8,22_^,
«20. 21,35. &3*
3— 24. iTim.c.ij.
u Deut. 2. 37. & tr
16. Joih. 12. 2.
y Heb. cau'edtepaft.
xHof. 12. 3. Rom,
8- 26, 27. & ,5.
3°.Gal.4:i5.Hc0.
5- 7- Eph. 6. 18,
y Chrift, ver. 28, 30.
ch. 48. 16. Hof.
12. 3, 4.
z Exod. 14. 27. Son?
z. 17.
* Heb. afcepding of
the morning.
a Ch. 19. 22. If. 41.
14- &4S- ". Hof.
12. 3, 4. Mat. i.{.
28. '
b 2 Cor. 12. 7. pf.
30. 6, 7.
c Exod. 32.10. Deut.
0. 14. if.45. u.&
64.7. Song 7. 5.
Luke 24. 2g.
d Song 3. 4. Hof. 11.
4- Rom. 8. 37.
Luke 18. 1—7,
z Cor. 12. 8, o.
Heb. j. 7. *
e Ch. 35. 10. iKin..
- 17. 34 anditde.
notes the change
of his condition to
the better, ch. 17.
5i 15- If 62. 2, 4.
Rev. 2. 17. 2Sam.
12.25.. Num. 13.
16. John 1. 42;
f Ch. 25. 31. &27.
36. & 31. 36-55.
& 33. 4.
g Judg. 13. 17, 18.
Deut.29.29. Prov.
30.4. Job 11. 7.
h Ver. 26. ch."27.28,
29. & 28. 3, 4. H.
1 ;. cv 46. 3. Hoi.
'6. 1.
i Ch. 28. 19. Judgi
8. 8.
t That is, the fact of
God.
kExod.*4.II.&3J- II. Num. 12. 8.
Deut. 5.24. &J4.
IO. Exod. 33. M,
23. judg. 13. 22.
&6.12, 23. 2 Cor.
3. 18. & 4. 6. John
1. 14. Gal, 1, ID.
Eph. 1. 17.

Chap. XXXII. Ver. 24—28. The Son of God in human form appealed to Ja
cob, as if he intended to caft him down ; but Jacob, enabled of God, with bodily, and
chiefly fpirituar, ftrength, in fervent prayer prevailed over what oppofition Chrift
gave him. To render him fenfible of his weaknefs, Chrift disjointed his thigh ;
2 Cor. xii. 7; but, after encouraging his fupplications, he changed his name, as a
token it bettering his condition. Hence, when the church is reprefented as infirm,
fte is called Jacob; Amos vii. z, 5, 8. Ifa. xii. 14: but, when her valour and excel-
3

lency are fignified, (he is called Ifrael; Gal. vi. 16. — Thus God gave Jacob ftrength
to overcome, and alfo the reward and praife of the viftory.
Ver. 29. He granted his requeft, and confirmed the bleflings which he had for
merly obtained; chap, xxvii. 28, 29. and xxviii. 3, 4, 13 — 15. and comforted him
under the hurt of his thigh; Hof. vi. I.
Ver. 30. He faw JlfctS the divine efiince itfelf; Ex. xxxiii. 20, 23. but God In'
human Ihape in a moft familiar and friendly manner; Num. xii. 8.

He fees Efau approaching.

CHAP. XXXIII.

Jacob and Efau meet friendly.

Before arift ^ wfe ^^ J^^ ^ j^ 1 fafe^ Upon

Jacob,

i cor. 12. 7, 9. his thigh
ToterpetuaTethe 32 Therefore the children of Ifrael * eat
KXneu not of the finew which fhrank, which is
upon the hollow of the thigh, unto this
day: becaufe he touched the hollow of
Jacob's thigh in the finew that fhrank.
CHAP. XXXIII.
Here, ( i ) While Efau draws nigh, Jacob fo marftials
his family, that the beft beloved might moft readily
efcape if violence fhould be offered; i, 2. (2) Sof
tened by the prefent, and by Jacob's humble obeifance,
but chiefly by God's providence, Efau meets Jacob in
the kindeft manner, inquires after the welfare of his
family, with fome reluilance accepts his prefent, and
kindly offers him his attendance, or a convoy to pPS-
tetl him in his way to Canaan, which Jacob humbly
declines accepting; 3 — 15. (3) Efau returning to
mount Seir, Jacob, having refided a jhort time at
Succoth, croffes Jordan to the weftward; and at
Shalem pur chafes a field, and ereils an altar for the
worfhip of the God of himfelf and his feed ; I o — 20 .
N D Jacob lifted up his eyes, and
looked, and behold Efau came,
and with him four hundred men. And
« ch. 32. 7, is. he a divided the children unto Leah, and
\into Rachel, and unto the two hand
maids. 2 And he put the handmaids and their
children foremoft, and Leah and her
children after, and Rachel and Jofeph
* £?&£££ * hindermoft.
«o efcape. And he pafled b over before them,
b John ic. 4, 11, 15. •> , 1 • r ¦< r 1 i r
xGen.i8.2.&32.4. c and bowed himfelf to the ground feven
¦ i+'i. Ecci. ».* times, until he came near to his bro
ther.

A1

4 And Efau ran to meet him, and "5^"*
d embraced him, and fell on his neck, and ^f/i^y-
kifled him: and they wept. %:¥t^
5 And he lifted up his eyes, and faw
the women and the children ; and faid,
Who are thofe * with thee ? And he faid, *neb. »**
'The children which God hath gracjpufly 'gg^g
given thy fervant. Heb. 2. 13.
6 Then the handmaidens came near,
they and their children, and they bowed
themfelves. 7 And Leah alfo with her children
came near, and bowed themfelves : and
after came Jofeph near, and Rachel, and
they bowed themfelves.
8 And he faid, ^ What f meanefi thou i Upland tftLi
by all this drove which I met? And he fch.3*-i3-»
faid, Thefe are to find grace in the fight
of my lord.
9 And Efau faid, I have *' enough, •J^""*^,
my brother; + keep that thou haft unto VS-oVis'4*
i.1 r tr Xrltsb.betbattolhee
thy f CU . that is thine.
10 And Jacob faid, Nay, I pray thee,
if now I have found grace in thy fight,
then receive my prefent at my hand : for
therefore I have feen thy face as h though h F^SSSE
x 1 -i r 1 r r /^ 1 J ..1 able, and a token
1 had feen the face of God, and thou of ood-s favour «
me, Pf. 41. 11.
waft pleafed with me.
1 1 Take, I pray thee, my * blefling ; f-gjX%
that is brought to thee; becaufe God ^IzTi,^}:
O - . 15, 2 Cor. 9. 5, 6.
hath dealt gracioufly with me, and be

caufe I have k enough
him, and he took it.

and he urged ^S^Etf I Cor. 3. 21, 22.
Phil. 4. 12. 18.

12- And he faid, Let us take our jour-

Reflections upon Chap. XXXII. — What fore trials faints
often meet with in the very way which God directs them to take!
But feafonable are the vifits which God and his angels make to
his people in fwch times of need. May Jefus and his angels fo
meet me in my way to the Canaan above ! Deep-rooted, indeed, is
that refentment, which neither length of days can wear out, nor
the moft fubmiflive yielding alTuage ; and when what would make
a friend rejoice makes a brother envy and rage ! Malicious fpirits
never forget injuries. Jealoufy is cruel as the grave : and in this
dilbrdered world power and policy are bftert with the oppreffors.
In diftrefs it is neceffary to betake ourfelves to prayer, and to join
the protection of God with our prudent endeavours : and amidft
fear of danger we ought to truft to, arid plead, God's promifes ;
and, while commemorating our mercies, and confcious of pur un-
vyorthinefs, *we muft infift on his fulfilment of his word. In
danger it is prudent to prefent a part, if that canpreferve the
whole ; for peace cannot be bought too dear ; and a large pre
fent is a gbod recommendation to a worldly mind ; fince apparent
courage and confidence in a man's- goodnefs lay him under a kind
of obligation to feew it,— They, who would prevail in tempta

tions, muft firft wreftle with God in prayer. If he exercife us
with fore trials, we may depend on him, that as our days are fo
mall our ftrength be. A deep fenfe of our infufficiency gives our
faith occafion to take more firm hold of Chrift. — God loves im
portunate prayers ; and perfeverance therein will be crowned with
victory. How pleafant to have- our hearts, and namef, and all
things, made new ! Such memorials of remarkable fel'lowfhip with
God are honourable and pleafing; and even children may look
back upon their parents' mercies, as upon their own, with regard
and thankfulnefs. — Let me here afk myfelf, What experience have
I had of the miniftration of God's angels ? In v. hat inftances have
I broken the bones with a foft anfwer, and pacified ftrong wrath
with a gift in the bofom ? What prom'ife?, fpoken to my heart,
have I pleaded at the throne of grace ? What nights or days have
I fpent in wreftl ing with God, in behalf of myfelf, my family, my
country, or the church of God? What bleffings and anfwers of
peace have I obtained ? Where are thofe Bethels, and Penh Is, in
which God Almighty hath appeared unto me, and I have feen him
in the perfon of Jefus Chrift, as it were, face to face, and been' pre-
ferved ? Ha

Jacob arrives in Canaan.

G E'N E S I S.

Shechem defiles Dinah-

Before Chrift
*739-
* to Seir, where I
may requite thy
kindnefs.
1 Prov. 12. id. If,
43. 11. Ezsk. 54.
*5> 161 Zh 34, s-S-

* go, and I will go before

§ Heb, According to
the ffUrflhewar&i
Arc. and according
a the f.t of the
children.
m If. 40. 11. M.'.t. g.
16,17. Mark 4. 33.
Rom, 15. 1. &
2 Cor. 3. 2. & 9.
ig— li.
* Heb. fet , or />/<!».
t Heb. VFherefare is
this?
n Ch. 34. tt. & 47.
z$. Kuth 2. 13.
1 Sam, 25. 8.
z Sam. 16. 4. allow
me Co go alone.

B> Not Exod. 13. 20.
but judg. 8. 5.

$ That is, Booths*
p John 3. 23. &4. 5.
Afta 7. 16.
it Called Afts 7. 16.
Sytbem.

q Jofh. 24. 3a. eh.33,
39, Acis 7. 16.

r Called Afls 7. 16.
Emirur,
* Or, iamii,
s Seech. 8. 20. &12.
7. & 13. 18. & 21.
33*
¦f That is, Gtdy thi
Cod if Ifrael.

ney, and let us
thee. 13 And he faid unto him, My lord
knoweth that l the children are tender,
and the flocks and herds with young are
with me; and if men fhould overdrive
them one day all the flock will die.
14 Let my lord, I pray thee, pafs over
before his fervant : and I will lead on
foftly, according § as the cattle that goeth
before me and the children be m able to
endure, until I come unto my lord unto
Seir. 15 And Efau faid, Let me now * leave
with thee fome of the folk that are with
me : and he faid, + What needeth it ?
let me n find grace in the fight of my
lord. 16 % So Efau returned that day on
his way unto Seir.
1 7 And Jacob journeyed to Q Succoth,
and built him an houfe, and made booths
for his cattle : therefore the name of the
place is called + Succoth.
18 And Jacob came p to Shalem a
city of H Shechem, which is in the land
of Canaan, when he came from Padan-
aram; and pitched his tent before the
city. 19 And ihe bought a parcel of a field,
where he had fpread his tent, at the hand
of the children of r Hamor, Shechem's
father, for an hundred * pieces of money.
20 And he erecfted there an s altar j and
called it + El-elohe-Ifrael.
CHAP. XXXIV.
Scarcely is Jacob's diftrefs from his friends over when
his troubles from his children begin. Here (i) Di-

Before Chrift
1731.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIII. — It is prudent to keep
out of view whatever might revive old quarrels. And humble
fubmiffion powerfully mollifies offended pride. Cheerfully may
we wait the iffue of that which hath been committed to God.
He often makes the iffue of our trials much better than our fears
fuggefted; and eafily he mollifies the moft fierce and froward
heart ! How fweet initfelf, and what a token of a pious foul, is it, a
view all that we have as the gifts of our gracious God ! What a dif
tinguifhed mercy it is to obtain the anfwer of our prayers, and to
recover the favour of offended friends ! And how inconfiderable
the wants, and great the wealth, of thofe who have God their
portion and guardian ! A heart truly Chriftian is open and gene
rous : but, if we have enough of our own, we ought civilly to re-
fufe needlefs obligations, though we fhould never be behind in adts
7

nah his daughter, of about fifteen years of age, 's
defiled by Shechem, a Canaanitifh prince, while fhe
attended fome dance, gr other meeting of the^ heathen
ladies; I — 5. (2) Shechem, and Hamor his father,
earneftly folicit her in marriage, upon any terms.
And Jacob's fons deceitfully and wickedly propofe that
they and all their fubjetts fhould be circumcifed;
6 — 18. (3) By pretending that they, would thus ac
quire Jacob's wealth, Hamor and Shechem perfuade,
their fubje&s to be circumcifed, and themfelves fet the
example; 19 — 24. (4) While thefe Canaanites are
fore of their circumcifion-wound, Jacob's fons, par
ticularly Simeon and Levi, Dinah's full brethren,
murder them, and feize on their fubftance, to the
great grief of their father ; 25 — 3 1 •
ND a Dinah the daughter of Leah, ^°"-**'>
which fhe bare unto Jacob
d*it to fee the daughters of the land

And when c Shechem the fon ofc

b went b Tit. 2. 5. Prov. 7.
I Tim. 5. 13. Jer.
z. 36. Prov. 9. 6,
& 13. 20.
Ch. 33. 19. & jo,
Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, J^ ^^
d faw her, he took her, and lay with her, p™^. ».&!:•
and f" defiled her. t Heb. in,wa,d her.
2 And his foul clave unto Dinah the
daughter of Jacob, and he loved the
damfel, and fpake e kindly unto the 'Kidm??:
damfel. 4 ^[ And Shechem fpake unto his father .
Hamor, faying, f Get me this damfel to f m'."'"' Mtt
wife. 5 And Jacob heard that he had de
filed Dinah his daughter : (now his fons
were with his cattle in the field :)
and Jacob held his peace until they were
come. 6 And Hamor the father of Shechem
went out unto Jacob to commune with
him. 7 And the fons of Jacob came out of
the field when they heard it: and the
men were grieved, and they were very
wroth, becaufe he had wrought g folly

gDeat, 21.21. Jnflr
7.15. Ju.:s. 19.23.
& 20. 6. 2 Sam.
13. II, 13. Prov.
7-7-

of civility. Parents ought to manifeft a moft affectionate regard
for their families, and efpecially to take care of their young ones.
Perils of dangers efcaped deferve a thankful remembrance ; and,
wherever faints have houfes, there G od muft be worfhipped as
their God and their glory.  O, my foul, never fear that any
thing is too hard for the Lord ; but always think, and fpeak, and
aft, as one whofe God is Jehovah ; and who follows peace with
all men, and hoiinefs ! Never, therefore, let houfes and booths for
cattle have the preference of an altar for the Lord. We muft not
expect earthly enjoyments at free coft, becaufe we have the hea
venly fo; but let the faith of God, as my own God, and the God
of my feed, be rendered familiar to my heart and life;, and then,
contentment, and patient expectation, will lead me cheerfully,
through all ! ' Sn ;

His terms of marriage with Dinah.

CHAP. XXXIV.

The Shechemifes murdered.

Before Chrift
I731- '
h Where purity and
honour ought to
flourifh, Pi. 93. 5.
'.. 19, S. 0.

Exod. I Pet

2.9.

i Deut. 23. 17. Eph.
5. 3. Col. 3. 5.
I Cor. 6. 18.&10.
S. Heb. 13.4.

kCh.6.2. &26. 34,
35. & 27. 46.
Deut, 7. J.

ICh, 13.9. &20. 15.

m Ch, 33. 15, 3c
.8.3. "

nCh. 29. 18. &31.
41. & 24. S3.
Exod. 22. to, 17.
Deut. 22. 20, 29.
I Sam. 18. 25.

n Never intendingto
give him Dinah to
wife. Pf. -12. 2.
Prov. 12. 18, 19.
Job 13. 4, 7. If. 59.
13. Mic. 7, 2,

pCen. 17.11.2Sam.
j. 20. Jofh. 5. 9.
Thus religion is
pretended to pro*
mote wickednefs,
as, 2 Sam. ic. 7.
I Kin. 21.9. Mat.
:'.. 8. 13. & xxiii.

fc) And fo the more
eafily ' perfuaded
ihe people, Cen.
41.40. 1 Kin. a. 15.

r Cen, is. 17. prov.
31. »j. Ruth 4. 1.

in h Ifrael, in lying with Jacob's daugh
ter ; which thing ' ought not to be
done. 8 And Hamor communed with them,
faying, The foul of my fon Shechem
longeth for your daughter : I pray you
give her him to wife.
9 And k make ye marriages with us,
and give your daughters unto us, and
take our daughters unto you.
10 And ye fhall dwell with us: and
the land fhall be ' before you ; dwell and
trade ye therein, and get you pofleflions
therein. 1 1 And Shechem faid unto her father,
and unto her brethren, m Let me find
grace in your eyes, and what ye fhall fay
unto me I will give.
1 2 n Afk me never fo much dowry and
gift,, and I will give according as ye fhall
fay unto me : but give me the damfel to
wife. 1 2 % And the fons of Jacob anfwered
Shechem and Hamor his father " deceit
fully, and faid, becaufe he had defiled
Dinah their fifter :
14 And they faid unto them, We can
not do this thing, to give our fifter to one
that is p uncircumcifed ; for that Were a
reproach unto us :
1 5 But in this- will we confent unto
you : if ye will be as we be, that every
male of you be circumcifed;
16 Then will we give our daugh
ters unto you, and we will take your
daughters to us, and we will dwell
¦with you, and we will become one
people. 17 But if ye will not hearken unto us,
to be circumcifed, then will we take- our
daughter, and we will be gone.
18 And their words pleafed Hamor,
and Shechem Hamor's fon.
19 And the young man deferred not
to do the thing, becaufe he had delight
in Jacob's daughter: and he was ^ more
honourable than all the houfe of his fa
ther. 20 5T And Hamor and Shechem his
fan came unto * the gate of their city,

Before Chrift
1731.

I Tim. (5. 9, 10,
Mat. 8. 19, 20. &
19. 21, 22. John 6.
26. £">"¦ 23- 4> S-
& 28. 20.

x Reuhen being
milder, ch. 37. 22,
26, 29.

and communed with fhe men of their
city, faying,
2 1 Thefe men are peaceable with us ;
therefore let them dwell in the land, and
trade therein ; for the land, behold, it is
large enough for them : let us take their
daughters to us for wives, and let us give
them our daughters.
22 Only herein will the men confent
unto us for to dwell with us, to be one
people ; if every male among us be cir- ,
cumcifed as they are circumcifed.
23 s Shall not their cattle, and their "
fubftance, and every beaft of theirs, be
ours ? Only let us confent unto them,
and they will dwell with us.
24 And unto Hamor, and unto She
chem his fon, hearkened all that went
out of the gate of his city; and every
male ' was circumcifed, all that went out « m«^7.6. ki.«.
of the gate of his city.
25 ^[ And it came to pafs on the third
day,, when they were u fore, that two of «ioih.j.
the fons of Jacob, ,x Simeon and Levi,
Dinah's brethren, took each man his
fword, and came upon the city boldly,
and yflew all the males.
26 And they flew Hamor and She
chem his fon with the II edge of the fword,
and took Dinah * out of Shechem's houfe,. *£££%££
and went out.
27 The fons of Jacob came upon the
flain, and * fpoiled the city, becaufe a they.
had defiled their fifter.
28 b They took their fheep, and their
oxen, and their afles, and that which was:
in the city, and that which was in the
field ;
29 And all their wealth, and all their
little ones, and their wives, took they
captive, and fpoiled even all that was
* in the houfe. *^^^.
20 % And Tacob faid to Simeon and
¦r • tr 1 iii 1 c Gen. 40. 5,6,7,
Levi, e Ye have troubled me, to make me J°ft: ¦?¦ v- .Prov-
to ftink d among the inhabitants of the
land, among the Canaanites and the
Perizzites : and I, being few in number,
they fhall gather themfelves together
againft me, and flay me ; and I fhall be
deftroyed, I and my houfe.

y Ch. 49. 5 6,7
Prov. 4. ifi. & 6
34, 35-
II Heb. Mouth.

zEftha). 10. I Tim.
6. 10.
a Exod. 2. 14. with
Jofh. 7. 1, 11. &
22. 20.
bNum. 31.17. Deut.
8. 17, 18. Job 1.
15, 16. &20. 5.

11. 17,29. & 15.
*7-
a Exod". 5. 21. I Sam.
13. 4. & 27. 12,.
I Chron. 19. 6.
Ye have dilconw
pofed aiy. fpirit,
entangled my af-
faii.-i, exposed mo,
to danger, ana.
rendered 111c
edious,

Jacob remotes to Beth-el

GENESIS.

Deborah's death.

I. Before ChrJTt
" I731-
e Gen. 49, 7. Prov
6. 34- '

aPf.91. IC.&46. 1.
ch. 31. 3,13. & 22.
14. Deut. 32.36.
b Ch. 28. 10—20. &
31. 13. & 27. 43.

cExod. 26.3,4. Jofh.
24. 15, 23- Judg.
10.16. I Sam. 7. 3.
2 Cor. 6. 15, 16.
ijohns. 21. Ad>s
14. 15. 1 Cor .10.7,
d Exod. 19. 10, 14.
Jude 23. Pf.51. 2,
7. Ezek. 36. 25.
Eccl. 5. I. 2 Cor.
7. I. Heb. 10. 22.

e Ch. 28.12,13. If.
30. 19. Pf. 01. 15.
& 46. 1. & 103.
i-5-

J all their idols, mo
numents^ or in
struments of ido
latry, Hof. 2. 13.
Exod, 32. 3, 4.
'Deut. 7. 5,,25.
Judg. 8. 24, 27.
gExod. 32. .20. Jofh.
24. 26. Judg. 9. 6.

31 And they "faid, e Should he deal with
our fifter as with an harlot ?
CHAP. XXXV.
Here repeated vifits of the living God are mingled with
deaths and diftrefs in the family, (i) Under the
¦fpecial ¦protetlion, and by the exprefs diretlion^of
God, Jacob removes from Shechem to Beth-el, after
^purging his family from their idols ; I — 6. (2) At
Beth-el he builds an altar to God;_ buries Deborah,
' .his mother's nurfe ; and enjoys a vifit from his God,
in which his new name of Ifrael, and the promifes
formerly made are confirmed to him; which Jacob
receives with thankfulnefs ; 7—15- (3) In hf
way fouthward, Rachel dies in childbed of Benjamin:
Reuben commits inceft with Bilhah: Jacob's fons be
ing now twelve ; 16—26. (4) At laft he comes to
Hebron, to his father Ifaac, who dies ten years be
fore the going down to, Egypt ; 27 — -29.
ND God a faid unto Jacob, Arife,
go up b to Beth-el, and dwell there :
and make there an altar unto God, that
appeared unto thee when thou fleddeft
from the face of Efau thy brother.
2 Then Jacob faid unto his houfehold,
and to all' that were with him, c Put
away the ftrange gods that are among
you, and d be clean, and change your
garments ;
2 And let us arife, and go up to Beth
el, and I will make there an altar unto
God, who e anfwered me in the day of
my diftrefs, and was with me in the way
which I went.
4 And they gave unto Jacob f all the
ftrange gods which were in their hand,
and all their earrings which were in their

A

ears

and Jacob g hid them under the oak

which was by Shechem.

Before Chrift
1731.

h Exod. 15.16, &2j.
27. Deut. 11, 25.
Jolh. 2. 9, n,
1 Sam. 11, aj.
z Chron. 14, ja,
& 17. 10. with
ch. 34. 30.

iCh. 12.8. &18,

'9,

ahd^l:"'^'

5 And they journeyed : and h the ter
ror of God was upon the cities that were
round about them, and they did not
purfue after the fons of Jacob.
6 % So Jacob came to l Luz, which is
in the land of Canaan, (that is Beth-el)
he and all the people that were with him.
7 And k he built there an altar, and
called l the place El-beth-el: becaufe » ?'0£7:*«;dg
there God appeared unto him when he «¦¦«•****
fled from the face of his brother. i730.
8 But m Deborah Rebekah's nurfe m Ch- *+ »•
died, and was buried beneath Beth-el n
under an oak : and the name of it : was
called t Allon-bachuth.
9 % And God ° appeared unto Jacob
again when he came out of Padan-aram,
and blefled him.
10 *And God faid unto him, p Thy * Mm,sthat,
_ , ,-111 1 bad prevail

1.1 Sam. 31. 13.
Jofli. 24. 33.

t That is, the oak tf
keeping, Judg. 2.5,
o Ch. 28. 13. & 31,
3, II- & 32. 1,24.
& 35- I.

called any
be thy name
Ifrael. And God

more Jacob, but Ifrael fhall
and he called his name

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIV". — Into what fcenes of
guilt and mifery do the pride, the vanity, and luft of young perfons,
often plunge 'themfelves and" their relations ! One fin naturally
makes way for another: and young women, who are given to
.gadding abroad, rarely maintain their -chaftity. Yet it is but juft
that, fuch as have defiled young women fhould efpoufe them in
marriage, and repair their outward injury, though they cannot lef-
fen their guilt before God. How readily the affairs of a family
run wrong, when parents' authority' is fo low that they muft ftand
in awe oAheir children ! Hew often heathens fhew more refpetft
to parents, in point of their marriage, than many profeffed Chrif
tians ! Men's rage at one fin frequently iffues in. their doing, what
is ftill worfe*— in making religious pretences the mean ofaccom-

affures
 — , as he .
i n 11 <. 1" had prevailed over
name is Jacob: thy name fhall not_ be {^fj^gof whom he was
now afraid, ahd
over every diffi
culty.
P Ch. 32.18. 2 Kill.
17. 34.
faid unto him, * I am ^y^i.&is.
God Almighty: be fruitful aad multiply; |8'3^'||vf
- * " &i«.iS.&M7<i7, &32. 12. &46.J.
Exod. r. 7. Num.
i. xxvi. 1 Sam. to
2 Chron.

I I

a nation and a company of nations fhall
be of thee, and kings fhall come out of
thy loins;
12 r And the' land which I gave Abra- r?7;&,|,t3$;
ham and Ifaac, to thee will I give it, %& 3- sf 'jV
' Mix- 1 vi— xxi. to Neh.
and to thy feed after thee will I give the xiiii
land. 13 And God s went up from him ^'"m Vf
in the place where he talked with him.
1 4 ^f And Jacob. ' fet up a pillar in the t ch.28. >*ig.
place where he talked with him, even a iS3m-7-M'

" Chap. XXXV. Ver. I. He was to go thitherto build an altar .for facrifices of
thankfgiving, for deliverances received, and o jlreng-then.his faith in. .God's protection
againft prefent fears ; chap, xxxiv. 30.

plifhing the moft deviliih villanies ; or in pretending public wel
fare, in order to obtain private ends ! The jhdpes of gain will .carry
fome men a great way in religion ; and yet, after all, they lofe
their aim ; for the profane reception of the feals of God's cove
nant iffues moft furely in juft and inevitable ruin. Nothing is fo
treacherous or cruel, that indulged malice will not attempt. But
it is ftill worfe when children, after plunging their parents into dif-
grace and danger, .add to their grief.by an infolent juftification of
their eonducl:..  ie* parents reftrain their children from idle vi
fits and foolifti amufements ; let them retain their proper autho
rity ; let them 'tfanfaft marriages with candour and felf-denialj
if :they wifli to be happy;

Ver. 2. Their outward purification was to be attended with internal purification
of their :hearttrom. idols, or from cruel difpoficions,
Ver. 7. He had formerly called it Beth-d. the houfe cf God. Now, to arte ft 'hw
-experience of God's fulihile'nt of his prr.-. o.s, he cSUs it Et-litb-li, the Gad ofSeih-V.

Rachel's death, and

C H A P. XXXV.

Ifaacs death

Before Chrift
1730.

f He renews the me
morial of his iaith
and thankfulness,
as God had done
his promiie.

J Heb. alittk piece ef
ground,
u I Chron. 2. 19. Pf.
132. 6. Mic. 5. 2.
Mat. 2. I, 16, 18.
jtCh. 3. 16. 1 Tim.
2.15.

y Ch . 30. 24. 1 Sam.
4. 20.

z Ch. 30. 1. 1 Sam,
4. 20, 21.

II i. e. the fon of my
J01 row.
a i. e. the fon of the
right hand, ver,
dear, Pf. 80. 17.
b Joih. 19. tt. Mar.
z. 1, 18. Mic. 5.16.

1729.
c I Sam.io. 2. ver. 9.
2 Sam. 18. 17, 18.
dMic.4.8. Luke 2.8.
e Ch. 49. 4. 1 Chr.
5. 1. 2 Sam. 16. 22.
rCor. 3. 1.
f Ch.29. 31—35. &
30. 5 — 24. ver. 18.
ch. 46. 8—27. 8c
49. 1—28. Exod.
1. I — 5. &6. 14—
36. Num. i. ii. x.
& xxvi. Deut.
xxxiii. Jofh. xiii
— xxi. 1 Chr. 2. i,
2. & 27. 16—22.
& 12. 23—40.
Ezek. 48. 1—28
Rev. 7. 4—8.

pillar of ftone : and he poured a drink-
offering thereon, and he poured oil
thereon. 15 And t Jacob called the name of
the place, where God fpake with him,
Beth-el. 16 % And they journeyed from Beth
el : and there was but a + little way to
come u to Ephrath : and Rachel travailed,
and fhe had x hard labour.
1 7 And it came to pafs,, when fhe was
in hard labour, that the midwife faid
unto her, Fear not ; thou fhalt y have
this fon alfo.
18 And it came to pafs, as her foul2
was in departing (for fhe died), that fhe
called his name "" Ben-oni : but his father
called him a Benjamin.
19 And Rachel died,
in the way to b Ephrath,
lehem. 20 And Jacob c fet a
grave : that is the pillar of Rachel's grave
unto this day.
21 And Ifrael journeyed, and fpread
his tent beyond d the tower of Eder.
22 ^[ And it came to pafs, when
Ifrael dwelt in that land, that Reuben
went and e lay with Bilhah his father's
concubine: and Ifrael heard it. Now
f the fons of Jacob were twelve :

and was buried
which is Beth-
pillar upon her

23 The fons of Leah; Reuben Jacob's-
firft-born, and Simeon, and Levi, and'
Judah, and Iflachar, and Zebulun :
24 The fons of Rachel; Jofeph,, and
Benjamin :
25 And the fons of Bilhah, Rachel's
handmaid; Dan, and Naphthali :
26 And the fons of Zilpah, Leah's
handmaid; Gad and Afher: Thefe are
the fons of Jacob, which were born to
him £ in Padan-aram.
27 ^[ And Jacob came unto Ifaac his

Before Chrift
1727,

£ Except Benjamin,
ver. 18. ch. 25. zo.
8c zS. 2. & 31. 18.

r h Ch. 13. iS\ & 14,
or 13. & is. 1. & 23.

Jofh. 14. li
ii'- & 21. II.
¦zji-a.z. 1, 3,11.
« 5- 1, 3, S>

1716.

1 Ch. 23. 19, 20. &
25. 9. & 49. 31.

father unto h Mamre, unto the city
Arbah, which is Hebron, where Abra
ham and Ifaac fojourned.
28 ^[ And the days of Ifaac were an
hundred and fourfcore years.
29 ' And Ifaac gave up the ghoft, and 'i&V'*^:
died, and k was gathered unto his people, ^'J.' g° 5'*
being old and full of days r and his fons
Efau and Jacob x buried him.
CHAP. XXXVI.
To mark out the accompliftoment of the promife to Abra* -
ham, that he fhould be a father of many nations ;
and to Rebekah, that two nations were in her womb ;
we have here a fhort, but dry, hiftory of Efau and
his friends, (i) Of Efau's wives, and children,
and their removal from Canaan to mount Hor, or
Seir, on the fouth of it; I — 8. and of his grand
children, and their dignity ; o, — -19. (2) Of the
Horitcs, who were probably a branch of the Hivites,

Reflections upon Chap. XXXV.— Alas ! how apt are the
beft of faints to forget their Bethel-enjpyments, and their Be
thel-vows, till the Lord by his providence fhuts them up, and
by his word reminds them of them ! and yet how precious are
fuch vifits, and how fixed and lafting ought to be our care in
maintaining intimate fellowship with God, when once we have
attained it. What corruptions and idols have need to be purged
from the beft hearts and families on earth, efpecially before fo
lemn approaches to God ; for let us always remember, there
is no acceptable drawing near to God without having on Jefus'
righteoufnefs and grace, nor with allowed fin in the heart : and
fins muft be put away with a refolution never to return to them.
How much better to pay our vows too late than never ! What
deaths, what diforders, may we expeel to meet with on earth ! But
furely it is a mercy much to be efteemed, that our forgetfulnefs of
God doth not make him forget his kindnefs or promifes to us ! he
often fweetens our paft troubles, and prepares us for future ones,
with the manifestations of his favour; and his fweetnefs never
changes, even when the family, the wives, the children, or other
created enjoyments, which we have fo impatiently defired, prove
deathful or diftreffing to us. Ah ! how plainly men's fins are
written on their judgments! and how infatuated they muft be
Who think fo little of death, amidft fo many births", deaths, and

graves, which all warn us of it ! May our hearts be fet upon our
Chrift, our family, our houfe eternal in the heavens. An old age
on earth is fo filled up with fins and troubles, that it is fcarcely
worth coveting.  But in the now-deceafed Ifaac let me behold
my Redeemer ! How often promifed ! how earneftly defired ! how
long expected ! how fupernatural, and how gladdening to angels
and men, was his birth ! How malicioufly was He, the Father's
only begotten Son, hated, mocked, and perfecuted, by his Jewifh,
brethren, at the expenfe of their ejection from the church of God!
With what cheerfulnefs he affumed our nature, bore our fins and
punifhments, bore his crofs, and laid down his life a ranfom for
men, that he might render the everlafting covenant a new tefta
ment in his blood, and purchafe all fpiritual bleffings for us ! Being
raifed from death, he is efpoufed to a chofen church, chiefly con-
fifting of Gentile finners ;- and his blood, his prayers, and his
power, produce a moft numerous offspring of fpiritual and profeff-
ed feed. But how great is his glory at his Father's right hand !
and he will be glorious in the church below, where he digs the
wells of falvation, to give drink to his people, notwithftanding the
envy of a carnal world. For a time, what a Struggle between his
Jewifh and Gentile church, till at laft the former, rejecting their
birthrio-ht, and forfeiting their bleffing, were caft out, and the lat
ter became the highly favoured, but much afflicted, people of God.

m

an s refidence,

'.Sit i

an

d dignity.

GENESIS.

Bero<rc Chrift
1796.

a Ch. 22. 17. & *?,
z.-... 3c. & 27. 79.
40. 1 Chr. 1. 35.
bCh. 26.34. &9- 25.

: Or, B.T^ir-,ath,
eh. 16.' ti. It
iocrr.i Jucuth was
dead.

dCh. 28, 9.&25.13.

from whom the Edomites, fprung of Efau, took the
country, and with whom they intermarried, and fo
embraced the heathenifh religion ; 20 — -30. (3) Of
fome kings, either Horites or Edomites, who reigned
in Idumea before and while the children of Ifrael
were in Egypt; -and of the dukes who fucceeded them;
31—43- OW thefe are a the generations of
Efau, who is Edom.
2 Efau b took his wives of the daugh
ters of Canaan; c i^dah, the daughter of
Elon the Hittite, and Aholibamah the
daughter of Anah, the daughter of Zi
beon the Hivite;
3 And d Bafhemath Ifhmael' s daughter,
fifter of Nebajoth.
4 And Adah bare to Efau Eliphaz ;
and Bafhemath bare e Reuel ;
5 And Aholibamah bare Jeufh, and
Jaalam, and Korah: thefe are the fons
of Efau, which were born unto him f in
the land of Canaan.
6 5T And Efau took his wives, and his
fons, and his daughters, and all the g per
fons of his houfe, and his cattle, and all
his beafts, and all his fubftance, which
he had got in the land of Canaan ; and
h went into the country from the face of
^VacoV^ his brother Jacob.
7 ' For their riches were more than
that they might dwell together ; and the
land wherein they" were Arrangers could
not bear them becaufe of their cattle.
8 Thus dwelt Efau in k mount Seir :
Efau is Edom.
9 ^[ And thefe are the generations of
Efau, the father of + the Edomites, in
mount Seir :
1 o Thefe are the names of Efau's fons ;
1 Eliphaz the fon of Adah the wife of
Efau, Reuel the fon of Bafhemath the
wife of Efau.
1 1 m And the fons of Eliphaz were,

'759-

r Not Exod. 2. 18
Num. 10, 29.

f Ch. 35.29. ver. 6.

1715.
£ Heh. Souls, Ezek.
27. 13. Rcy.tS. 13.

JlCh. 25.23. & 32.3.
Deut. 2. 5. Thus

iCh. 13.6. &17. 8
& 28.4.

k Ver. 20. eh. 32. 3.
tx 14. 6, 22. jofh.
24. 4. I Chr. 4. 41.
Z Chr. 20. IO, 23.
Ezek. 3;. 2 — 7.
Deut. 2. 5. where
he had long dwelt
before Ifaac's
death.
t Heb. Edom.

Ve.-. 3, 4.
1. 35.

1 Chr.

ir. I. t5.
15, 16.

Ki I Chr.
ver.

1 Jer. 49. 7.
I. 12.
| Or, Zefbi.

o Ver. 22. I Chr.
36.

p Perhaps not the
father of the Ama
lekites, ch. 14. 7.
Exod. 17. 8, 14.
I^-.'ut. 25. 17.
1 Sam. xv.
4. 1 Chron. 1, 37,
. -»c:- 17.

Ara0SnTeman, Omar, H Zepho, and Gatam,
and Kenaz.
1 2 And ° Timna was concubine to Eli
phaz Efau's fon ; and fhe bare to Eliphaz
p Amalek : thefe were the fons of Adah
Efau's wife.
1 2 And q thefe are the fons of Reuel ;
Nahath, and Zerah, Shammah, and Miz-

The Horites, and kings of Idumtif,
the fons of Bafhemath

Before Chrift
1715.

x Ver. 4, ijv

y Ver. 5,14.
1 Chron. I. 3;.

zah : thefe were
Efau's wife.
14. % And thefe were the . fons of '*&£**,.
Aholibamah, the daughter of Anah the
daughter of Zibeon, Efau's wife: and
fhe bare to Efau Jeufh, and Jaalam, and
Korah. s i chron
15 *j[ Thefe were s dukes of the fons 8,«r.iS!',,JS,_
of Efau; the 'fons of Eliphaz the firft- '£'a*
born fon of Efau - ; duke Teman, duke «!«
r-r 1 11 TT"" J iI*
Omar, duke Zepho, duke Kenaz, „ v«. „, „, ,2.
16 Duke Korah, duke Gatam, and
duke Amalek.: Thefe are the dukes that
came of Eliphaz in the land of Edom;
thefe were the fons of Adah
• 17 And thefe are x the fons of Reuel
Efau's fon; x duke Nahath, duke Zerah,
duke Shammah, duke Mizzah : Thefe
are the dukes that came of Reuel in the
land of Edom ; thefe are the fons of Ba
fhemath Efau's wife.
1 8 And ^ thefe are the fons of Aholi
bamah Efau's wife; duke Jeufh, duke
Jaalam, duke Korah: thefe were the
dukes that came of Aholibamah the daugh
ter of Anah, Efau's wife.
1 9 Thefe are the fons of Efau, who is
Edom, and thefe are their dukes.
20 % * Thefe are the fons of Seir the
Horite, who inhabited the land ; Lotan,
and Shobal, and a Zibeon, and Anah,
21 And Difhon, and Ezer, and Di-
fhan : thefe are the dukes of the Hor
ites, the children of Seir in the land of
Edom. 22 And the children of Lotan were
Hori and b Hernan ; and Lotan's fifter was. * » £•"¦»• '¦ »
c Timnah. 23 And the children of Shobal were
thefe; d Alvan, and Manahath, and Ebal,
Shepho, and Onam.
24 And thefe are the children of Zi
beon; both Ajah, and Anah: this was
that Anah c that found the mules in the e||r|S^r
wildernefs as lie fed the afles of Zibeon
his father.
25 And the children of Anah were
thefe; Difhon, and f Aholibamah the "*%•££+
daughter of Anah.
26 And thefe are the children of Di-

1913.
1 1 Chr. 1. 38-41.
ch. 14.6. Deut. 2.
12,22. ver.22— JA
a Ver. 1, 24.

t Ver, a.

d 1 Chron. 1. tp.it,
Alian— Shcphi,

ories procu
mules, tev.10,19-
or attacked Jl-
jrantic Emims,
Bout. 2. 10. or A*
covered hot tattf'

DuJkes of the JLdotnites.

Before Chrift
1900.
g Or, Chamiam,
. x Chron. i. 41.
h Or, Jakan,
j Chron. 1. 42.

CHAP. XXXVI
and Efhban, and Ith

XXXVII. Jacob's love towards Jofeph.

fhon ; E Hemdan,
ran, and Cheran.
27 The children of Ezer are thefe ;
Bilhan, and Zaavan, and h Achan.
28 The children of Difhan are thefe;
Uz, and Aran.
29 Thefe are the dukes that came of
1 the Horites ; duke Lotan, duke Shobal,
duke Zibeon, duke Anah.
30 Duke Difhon, duke Ezer, duke
Difhan : thefe are the dukes that came of
Hori, among their k dukes in the land of
Seir. 31 5T And thefe are the kings that
1P34.9wIth&Hab.3i: reigned in the land of Edom, ' before
k\af.ci;°DM. there reigned any kino- over the children
33. 29. & i7. ,4, c r ,° J &
is. 1 chr. ,.43- 0f iirael.
About 1900 32 And Bela the fon of Beor reigned in
w 1700. Edom : and the name of his city was
Dinhabah. 22 And Bela died, and Jobab the fon
of Zerah of m Bozrah reigned in his ftead.

1 Chr. 1. 41, 42.
ver. 20—28.

k Dukedoms, If. 23
15. Dan. 7. 17, 23
z Kin. 11. 19.

ralf. 34. 6. 8c 6j
Amos 1. 12.

ft Job 2. 11. Jer. 49.
7. Alnos I. 12.
with ver. 11.

died,

and Hufham of

P 1 Chr. 1. 51— 54,

34 And Jobab
the land of n Temani reigned in his ftead.
35 And Hufham died, and Hadad the
fon of Bedad, who fmote Midian in the
field of Moab, reigned in his ftead : and
the name of his city was Avith.
26 And Hadad died, and Samlah of
Mazrekah reigned in his ftead.
2f And Samlah died, and Saul of
0 Rehoboth by the river • reigned in his
ftead. 38 And Saul died, and Baal-hanan the
fon of Achbor reigned in his ftead :
39 And Baal-hanan the fon of Achbor
died, and Hadar reigned in his ftead :
and the name of his city was Pau ; and
his wife's name was Mehetabel, the
daughter of Matred, the daughter of
Mezahab. 40 p And thefe are the names of the
dukes that came .of Efau, according to

their families, after their places, by their
names; dukeTimnah, duke Alvah, duke
Jetheth, 41 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke
Pinon, 42 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke
Mibzar, 43 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram : thefe
be q the dukes of Edom, according to
their habitations in the land of their r pof-
feflions : he is Efau the father of s the
Edomites.

Before Chrifl
15CO.

qVer. 1$, iR, rg, jo,
Exod. 15. 15.
Num. 20. 14.
r Ver. 7, 8. Deut. 2.
5- K- 73- 4- with
ch. 37. 1. Pf. 105.
12, 13.
S Heb. Edom,
ch. 25. 33.

CHAP.

XXXVII.

Begins the hiftory of Jofeph. Obferve, (i) \ The mali
cious hatred of his brethren againft him, becaufe he
informed his father of their crimes; 1,2; his father
loved him much ; 3, 4 ; and God favoured him with
dreams prediclive of his future dominion over them ;
5 — II. (2) The mifchief s they did him, when he
kindly vifited them by his father's order; 12 — '1 7 >
they confpired to murder him ; then, at Reuben's in
terceffion, they caft him into a pit, where they expelled
to ftarve him ; and, laftly, to the grief of Reuben,
who intended to fiave him, they fold him to the Ifh-
maelites and Midianites, ivho fold him to Potiphar
the Egyptian; 18 — 30, 36. (3) By ftaining his
coat with blood, they perfiiaded their father that a
wild beaft had devoured him, and thus almoft killed
him with grief ; 31 — 35.

N D Jacob dwelt in the land
a wherein his father was a ftranger,
in the land of Canaan.
2 Thefe are b the generations of Jacob.
Jofeph, being {eventeen years old, was feed
ing the flock with his brethren; and the
lad was with the fons of Bilhah, and with
the fons of Zilpah, his father's c wives :
and Jofeph brought unto his father their
evil report I".
3 Now Ifrael d loved Jofeph more than
all his children, becaufe he was the e fon
of his old age : and he made him a f coat
"I" colours.

of many4 And, when his
their father loved him

brethren faw that
more than all his

1728.
a Heb. of bis fatbti
jo;anrtvr.ct, ch. I
8". & 28. 4.

b Hiftory of v/hat
befell him in his
polteriu- . ch. 2. 4.
& 5. 1. Ud.t).8c

c Concubines, ch.
33. 22,45,16. &
3J- 4, 9-
f How wjckcdly
thcy lived; a-d
hov,- ill they ufed
him.
d John 13. 23. 8c
' 3- IS-
e Ch. sa. 20. 8c

f Juc'?. 5. ;-i. r.S.im.
SJ.'l'i. ir'l'. 45. 1;.

f Or, Piccel.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVI. — Let me remark, that,
if men fin wilfully, they may expe£t their name to be tainted with
infamy ; for the purpofe of God muft ftand firm amidft all the
changes upon earth : how Efau, of his own accord, removes from
Canaan, leaving that land of promife to the proper heirs : and that,
where -Chrift is not concerned, God contemns the perfons and fa
milies of men, however dignified, and cuts fhort their account.
Earthly honours are not much to be coveted, fince wicked men
'Vol. I.

have ordinarily the firft and largeft fhare of them : and they who
join themfelves with heathens, may expeft to be held by God as
fuch. We muft wait with patience for the fulfilment of God's
promifes, for promifed privileges come often flowly, however cer
tainly : and, while the heirs of promife live' in diftrefs and want in
this world, the heirs of the curfe often attain great power and
wealth.

Jofeph 's dreams of preferment.

G E N E S I §.

His brethren^ hatred of hint*

Before Chrift
1728.
; Ver. 5, 20 — 24.
John 7. 7. 8c 15.
IS, 19. 'lit. 3. 3.
1 J-jiin 2. II. CC3.
io, 12. & 4. 20.

could

brethren, sthey hated him, and
not fpeak peaceably unto him.
5 ^[ And Jofeph h dreamed a dream,
and he told it his brethren: and they

it his brethren
h Ch. 41. 1. Num. - ¦• li* 1
12.6. 1 Kin. j. 5. hated him yet the more,
Dan. 2. 2. ft: 4. 5. J

4.5.
Judg. 7. 13,14. Pf.
25. 14. Amos 3.7.
i Ver. 4, 8. ch. 49 .
23. John 17. 14.

6 And he faid unto them^ Hear, I pray
you, this dream which I have dreamed :
7 For, behold, we were binding fheaves
in the field, and lo my fheaf arofe, and

alfo ftood

ight

tCh. 42.6. 0V44.19.
This 1-sjniffeu
that v/nile they
prorurei coin
they fhould hum-
ble themfelves be
fore him.
1 I Sam. 11. 27. 81
17. 28. Luke 19.
14. Heb. 10. 29.

mVer.7. ch.41.z5,

n Ch. 44. 19. & 46. n
29. &47.12. &50.
15 — 21. i. e. Jacob .
a-.d his whole fa- tjh
miiy fhould de
pend on him.

t Partly through
ignorance, and
partly in policy,
to leifen the ha.
tred of his bre
thren.

« Ch 26. 14—16.
Eccl. 4.4. Arts 7.

p Luke z. 19, 51.
Dan. 7. 28. ch. 24.

q Ch. 33. 18. & 34
25—30.

your
made him,

upngnt ; and, behold *
k fheaves ftood round about, and
obeifance to my fheaf.
8 And his brethren faid unto
1 Shalt thou indeed reign over us ? or fhalt
thou indeed have dominion over us ? And
they hated him yet the more for his
dreams, and for his- words.
9 % And he m dreamed yet another
dream, and told it his brethren, and faid,
Behold, I have dreamed a dream more ;
and, behold, the fun and the moon and
eleven ftars made obeifance to me.
10 And he told it to his father, and to
his brethren : and his father rebuked'1" him,
and faid unto him, What is this dream
that thou haft dreamed? fhall I and thy
mother and thy brethren indeed come
to bow down ourf elves to thee to the
earth ?
1 1 And his brethren " envied him ; but
IVSSkf j: his father p obferved the faying.
12 f And his brethren went to feed'
their father's flock in i Shechem.
13 And Ifrael faid unto Jofeph, Do not
thy brethren feed the flock in Shechem ?
Come, and I will fend thee unto them.
And f he faid unto him, Here am I.
14 And he faid to him, Go, I pray
fee whether it be well with thy

r Eph. 6. 1—3.

£ Heb. fee the peart of fflPP
thy brethren, 8ci. Llitl'?

ch.41.16. lu'<c brethren, and well with the flocks ; and

1C}, jz. Jer. 29.
2. Sain. is. 32.

bring me

fli Rood about fixty £q t
miles northward
of Hebron ; and
here Jacob's fons
were in danger on
account of their
late murder of the
.'¦ba.h. mites.

word again. So he fent him
out of the vale of Hebron, and he came
Shechem.
15 And a certain man found him,
and, behold, he was wandering in the
field : and the man afked him, faying,
What feekeft thou ?
1 6 And he faid, I feek my brethren :
tell me, I pray thee, where they feed their
flocks.

17 And the man faid, They are depart
ed hence ; for I heard them fay, Let us
go to ' Dothan. And Jofeph went after
his .brethren, and found them in Do
than. 1 8 \ And when they falw him afar off,
even before he came near unto them,
u they confpired againft him to flay him.
19 And they faid one to another,
Behold, this § dreamer cometh.
20 x Come now therefore, and let us
flay him, and caft him into fome pit ;
and we will fay, ? Some evil beaft hath
devoured him: and we fhall fee what
will become of his dreams.
21 And z Reuben heard it, and he
delivered him out of their hands ; and
faid, Let us not kill him.
22 And Reuben faid unto them, Shed
no blood, but caft him into this pit that
is in the wildernefs, and lay no hand
upon him ; that he might rid him out of
their hands, to deliver him to his father
again. 23 *|[ And it came to pafs, when Jofeph
was come unto his brethren, that they
a ftript Jofeph out of his coat, his coat of
many colours that was on him :
24 And they took him, and caft him
into a b pit : and the pit was empty, there
was no water in it.
25 And they c fat down to eat bread :
and they lifted up their eyes and looked,
and, behold, a company of d Ifhmeelites
came from Gilead with their camels bear
ing fpicery, and balm, and myrrh, going
to carry it down to Egypt.
26 And Judah faid unto his brethren,
e What profit is it if we ilay our brother,
and conceal his blood ?
27 Come, and let us f fell him to the
Ifhmeelites, and let not our hand be
upon him ; for he is. our brother and our
flefh : and his brethren * were content.
28 Then there pafled by £ Midianites,
merchant-men ; and they drew and lifted
up Jofeph out of the pit, h and fold Jo
feph to the Ifhmeelites for + twenty pieces
of filver : and they' brought Jofeph into
Egypt.

Before Chrift
1728.

t 2 Kin. 6. 13. U
llcon near She
chem and Samaria,

u Pf. 109. 4, 8c raj.
25. Luke 20. 14.

$ Heb. Mafer of
dreams.
X Pf. 64. 5. Prov. I,
II* 12, 16. & 27,-
4- Tit. 3. 3.
I John 3. 12;
y I Kin. ij. 24.
2 Kin. 2. 24.
Prov, to. ig.
&28. 13.

z Chv 41. 22, & ;$.

a Ver. 3-, 31, 32. &
42. 21. Pf. 22. lH.
Mat. 27. 28.

b Jer. 38. 6. Zech.
9. II.

c Pf. 14. 14. 5*h- 3.
15. Amos 6, 6.
d Ch. 2;. 16, 18. &
31. 23. & 43. 11.
Jer. 8. 22.

e Rom. 6. 21. Pf. 3d
9. ch. 4. 10. 2 Sam.
1. 16.

fMat. 16.26. Exwl.
21. 16. Neh. 5.8.

* Heb. hearlentd.
g Ch. 25. 2. Judg. 6.
3. Or, Mcduutes.

h- Pf. 105. 17. Afls
7. 9. Mat. 26. IS-
8c 27. 9.
t About 4l 6s, «er-
Jing.

Jacob mourns for Jofeph.

C H A P. XXXVIII.

Judah and his fins' marriages.

29 % And Reuben returned unto the

1728,

k Prov. 28. 13. Pf.
jo. 18.

pit ; and, behold, Jofeph was not in the
pit : and he rent his clothes.
30 And he returned unto his brethren,
iver.20.ch. 42. 13, and faid, The child * is not; and I,
36. Jer. 31.15. . ' »
whither fhall I go r
31 ^[ And k they took Jofeph's coat,
and killed a kid of the goats, and dipped
the coat in the blood ;
32 And they fent the coat of many
colours, and they brought it to their
father ; and faid, This have we found :
know now whether it be thy fon's coat
or no.
22 And he knew it, and faid, It is my
,^.'iS4'iIKin.ri3: fon's coat ; an ' evil beaft hath devoured
john ij.'7: ' him . Jofeph is without doubt rent in
pieces. 34 And Jacob rent his clothes, and put
fackloth upon his loins, and mourned for
his fon many days.
25 And all his fons and all his ra daugh
ters rofe up to comfort him ; but he re
fufed to be comforted : and he faid, For
I will go down into the grave unto my
fon mourning. Thus his father wept for
ierlam, courtier, mm. 36 5T And the n Midianites fold him
into Egypt, unto Potiphar an * officer of
t?cl\i!i£ZMl Pharaoh's, and** captain of the guard.

& 21.45.

n Ch. 25. 1—6.
ver. 28.

* Heb, eunuch, tham- 1 "

t Heb. chief of the
jlaughtcnnertf or
executioner.

1734-

CHAP. XXXVIII.
Begins the hiftory of Judah, another of Jacob's fons,
and informs us, (1) Of his rafh marriage with an
accurfed Canaanitefis, and the unhappy death of his
two eldeft fons, after their marriage with Tamar,
another Canaanitifh maid ; I — n. (2) How Ta
mar, difiappointed of marriage with Shelah, his
youngeft fori, decoyed Judah himfelf into inceft with
her ; which iffued firft in his rage againft Tamar as
an adulterefs, and next in confuflon io himfelf on ac
count of his being the occafion of and partner in her guilt ;
12—26. (3) From this inceft uous mixture proceed
ed twins, Pharez and Zerah, by whom the numerous
tribe of Judah was chiefly built up ; 27 — 30.
ND it came to pafs, at that time,
that Judah a went down from his "'m',>'ni:»{'
brethren, and turned in to a certain
Adullamite, whofe name was Hirah.
2 And Judah b faw there a daughter b seech. 6.2, a. &
of a certain Canaanite, whofe name was
c Shuah ; he took her, and went in unto c ;£!"•»• 3- ch. 46.
her. 3 And fhe conceived, and bare a fon ; cir- J733-
and he called his name Er.
4 d And flie conceived again, and bare a Num. 26. i9.
a fon ; and fhe called his name Onan. cir- 11^'
5 And flie yet again conceived, and bare dr. 1731.
a fon ; and called his name Shelah : and
he was at e Chezib when fhe bare him. c ^h?£i *>*¦ «•
^44. MIC. I. 14.
6 And Judah took a wife for Er his fch.»i.2i.&»i.3.
firft-born, whofe name was Tamar. cir" I72U
7 And Er, Judah's firft-born, was

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVII.' — How dangerous it is
for parents to mark their partial regard to children in finery of ap
parel, or in any other manner ; for the Lord chiefly tries his peo
ple in the moft tender points : and our trials are frequently ren
dered doubly heavy in refpedl: of the inftruments which Providence
ufes to accomplifh them. How devilifti muft be the nature of
envy, that can make excellency, nay, the favour of God, a reafon
of the moft bitter hatred and bloody cruelty, and can repay the
moft affectionate love with deliberate murder! But evil-doers
commonly hate fuch as labour to reform them. How often young
men's dreams of profperity make them overlook the trouble that is
in the way to it! And no lefs frequently is the fond indulgence of
parents repaid with grief, or with the moft unnatural cruelty.
But, notwithftanding every feeming hindrance, the Lord's gracious
defigns, and promifes to his people, fhall be exactly accomplifhed :
while they, who mock at his intimations of his purpofe, will but
expofe themfelves to fhame. God's providences indeed often ap
pear darkeft when the deliverance is at hand. He makes the Com
mon events of providence to become critical for the purpofes of

his glory ; and fo overrules wicked men as to make one fin a re-
ftraint from a greater, and bitter difappointments to iffue in mercy.
To what an amazing pitch of infenfibility do crying fins ftupify
the confeience ! Seldom is a crime committed but a lie is framed
to conceal it — fo natural to men is a lying fpirit ! Immoderate
love is often followed with obftinate and immoderate forrow; and
yet many of our bittereft grief- are founded upon miftaken imagi
nations. But fhall I not here alfo turn afide, and behold Jefus the
Lamb of God ! Was not he the darling of his Father? Did not
his Father inveft him with the robes of manhood, and of mediatory
office? Did not his brethren of Judah hate him for his faithful re
proofs, for his prediction of his own future greatnefs, and on ac
count of the diftinguifhed regard fhewn to him by his Father ? How
aftonifhing his kindnefs, in coming into the world to feek and fave
that which was loft ! And yet, when he came, how ungratefully
was he driven into Egypt ! how bafely betrayed ! fold for the
price of a flave! and delivered into the hand of finners to be cru
cified !

Chat. XXXVII. Ver. 29,34. Rending the upper garments was an emblem of rend
ing the heart; Joel ii. 13. and was ufed at funerals; 2 Sim, iii. 31. or upon the news
or fight of any great calamity; Job i. 20. and ii. 12. 2 Sam. i. 11. Jolh. vii. 6.
or in token of forrow for fin ; Joel ii. 13. Ezra ix. 3, 5. or of deteftation of it ;
a Kings xviii. 37. and xix.' 1. Matth. xxvi. 65. Jer. xxxvi, 24. Acts xiv. 13, 14.
Ver. 34. Wearier; fackchtb was another common badge of grief among Jews and

heathens ; 2 Sam. iii. 31. 1 Kings xx. 31. and xxi. 27.
1. If. xxxvii. r, 2. Rev. xi. 3.

-hron.

16. Neh. i

Chap. XXXVIII. Ver. 1. Whether this marriage of Judah tcok place imme
diately after, or rather before, the felling of Jofeph, is not absolutely certain.
I 2

Judalfs incefl with Tamar.

GENESIS.

Judah"1 's fons by Tamar*

Before Chrifl
1721.
g Num. 26. 19. ch.
11. 13. 3c JQ. It.
& 6. 8.
h Deut. 25. 5— jo.
Lev. ib. 16.

i Dent. 25. fi. Ruth
1. 11. 2c 4. (o.

kjam.4. 5. & 3. 14,
16. Pro/.27.4-Tit.
3- 3- Job 5- a-

1251m. ii. 27. Prov.
14. 32. Jer. 44. 4.

m Lev. 22. ij._

g wicked in the fight of the Lord ; and
the Lord flew him.
8 And Judah faid unto Onan, Go h in
unto thy brother's wife, and marry her,
and raife up feed to thy brother.
9 And Onan knew that the feed fhould
1 not be his : and it came to pafs, when
he went in unto his brother's wife, that
he fpilled // on the ground, k left that he
fhould give feed to his brother.
10 And the thing which he did 1 dif-
pleafed the Lord : wherefore he flew him
alfo. 1 1 Then faid
daughter-in-law,

cir. 1718.

n Ch. 24. 67.
0 1 Sam. 25.7, 8, 36.
2 Sam. 13.23 — 28.
39-
pjofh. 15. 35. or 57.
«; 19. 43, Judg.
14. I. ver. 1.
I7I7-

q Prcv. 7. 12. Jer. 3.
2. Ezek. 16. 25.
r Jofti. 15/57. &e 19.
43. Judg. 14. 1.
ver. 12, 11,

S 2Sam. 13. 11.

tEzck.T6. 33. Deut.
23. 18.

u Luke 16.8. ver.24.

Judah to Tamar his
m Remain a widow at
thy father's houfe till Shelah my fon be
grown : for he faid, Left peradventure
he die alfo as his brethren did. And
Tamar went and dwelt in her father's
houfe. 1 2 <([ And in procefs of time the daugh
ter of Shuah Judah's wife died ; and Ju
dah was n comforted, and went up " unto
his fheep-fhearers to p Timnath, he and
his friend Hirah the Adullamite.
13 And it was told Tamar, faying,
Behold, thy father-in-law goeth up to
Timnath to fhear his fheep.
14 And fhe put her widow's garments
off from her, and covered her with a veil,
and wrapped herfelf, and fat in q an open
place, which is by the way to r Timnath :
for fhe faw that Shelah was grown, and
fhe was not given unto him to wife.
15 When Judah faw her he thought
her to be an harlot, becaufe fhe. had
covered her face.
1 6 And he turned unto her by the way,
and faid, s Go to, I pray thee, let me
come in unto thee ; (for he knew not
that flie was his daughter-in-law.) And
fhe faid, ' What wilt thou give me, that
thou mayeft come in unto me ?
1 7 And he faid, I will fend thee a kid
from the flock. a And fhe faid, Wilt thou
give me a pledge till thou fend it?
1 8 And he faid, What pledge fhall I

give thee ?

And fhe faid, * Thy fignet, "ffff"
and thy bracelets, and thy ftaff that is in x Luke », n,^
t.11 aii -1 J »• 24- ver. 25. it
thine hand. And he gave it her, and
came in unto her, and fhe conceived by
him. 1 9 And fhe arofe and went away, and
laid by her veil from her, and put on the
garments of her widowhood.
20 And Judah fent the kid by the hand
of his friend" the Adullamite, to receive
his pledge from the woman's hand : but
he found her not.
21 Then he afked the men of that
place, faying, Where is the harlot that
was y openly by the way- fide ? And they y ?£. £5"-**
faid, There was no harlot in this place.
22 And he returned to Judah, and
faid, I cannot find her ; and alfo the men
of the place faid that there was no harlot
in this place.
23 And Judah faid, Let her take ii to
her, left we * be- fhamed : behold, I fent "J^K?.^
this kid, and thou haft not found her.
24 + And it came to pafs, about three *!
months after, that it was told Judah, fay
ing, Tamar thy daughter-in-law hath
played the harlot ; and alfo, behold, fhe.
is with child by whoredom. a And Judah aM*-7-'>4-
faid, Bring her forth, and let her be,
b burnt. 25 When fhe was brought forth fhe
fent to her father-in-law, faying, By the
man whofe thefe are am I with child.:
and fhe faid, Difcern, I pray thee, whofe
are thefe ; the fignet, and bracelets, and'
ftaff. 26 And Judah acknowledged them, and
faid, She hath been c more righteous than
I ; becaufe that I gave her not to Shelah
my fon : and he d knew her again no
more. 27 5T- And it came to pafs,, in the time
of her travailr that behold, t wins were, in
her womb,
2,8 And it came to pafs,., when file tra-,
vailed, that the one put out i>/V,hand; and
the midwife took and bound upon, his

2. Sam, 12. 9.

t He looked on ber
as a blot and a
burden to his fa
mily.

h Ch. 20. j, 7, o,
Deut. 22. 2j, 24.
Lev. 21.9. Jer, 29-,
22, ?.;. Rom. 2. i,
& 14. 22; 2 Sam*.
12- Se 7-

c 1 Sam. 24. 17, .
a Sam. 24, 17.
He occaiioned her -
fin, tempted to it,^.
and was partner
in it.
dXh.4. 1. 1 Pet. 4. -
2,3. Job 40. 4,5. &
34. 31, 52. zSanv
l6. 22. & 20. J. .
cir. I7I7» .

Ver. S. According to this patriarchal cuftom, afterwards enafted into an exprefs.
law of God ; Deut. xxv. 5, 6. the firft-born was accounted legal fon and heir to the
<h cr.frd brother, and the reft of the children, reckoned his who begot them.
Ver. 3. His fin was extremely hein<ftis, not only as it proceeded. from envy of his

brother's honour, and contempt of the promifed feed^ but as it was horrid and un*
-natural in itfelf.. Nor till the laft judgment will it appear what guilt of this nature
hath been committed among mankind, nor how fearfully God hath punifhed the ¦
fame*

Jofeph is favoured by Potiphar.
Mbreara hand a |;cariet threafj} faying, This came
¦ out firft.
29. And it came to pafs, as he drew
back his hand, that behold, his brother
xos, in,r,forc w came out ; and flie faid, '¦How haft thou
thou made this ' . »
treaehosa^theet broken forth ? //3W breach ^ upon thee :
,,chr.2.4.Mat.i.3. ^gj-g^j-g ^is name was « called § Pha-
$ That is, « breach,
f The riferor return- I CZ •
were typical of 30 And afterward came out his brother
the Jewifh and J
ThelwttadVte that had the fcarlet thread upon his hand ;
rufchruund fe and his name was called f Zarah.
frace, but drew
ack through un
belief; while the /~i tt A T» VVVTV
Gentiles, power- l^ Xl A r. AAA1A.
fully determined
the promifes and Continues the hiftory of Jofeph. We have, ( I ) Jofeph
Saviour, Luke xv. „ . nJ-.l > r -1 1 . r ^ I\ 7 Jr7~ • I
Mat. xi. Rom. 9. a fiavc in Potiphar s family ; but Jo projpered of God,
llTAits%!a(^. that he is. quickly made overfeer of all the affairs of
the fu"h,errh'o'f it; 1—6. (2) Captivated with his beauty, his
2^,2 miftrefs repeatedly folicits him to her adulterous em-
bea"borm"'to' the braces ; but, helped of God, he detefts and avoids it, as
Lord; Rom. n. a horrid ingratitude to his mafter, and an heinous
offence to his God; 7 — 12. (3) Enraged by his
refufal, fhe falfely charges him zvith offering her vio
lence, and he is. caft into pri fon; 13 — 20. (4) In-
JiruSfed of God, the keeper of the prifon makes Jofeph
overfeer of the other prifoners, and their work ;
21—23.
AN D Jofeph was brought down to
Egypt ; a and Potiphar an officer of
Pharaoh, captain of the guard, an Egyp
tian, bought him of the hands of the
Ifhmeelites which had brought him down
thither.
b&r26''24..A«": 2 And b the Lord was with Tofeph,
9, 10. Pi. 91. 15- 7 ^ 1 1
%. &3is ; i4m' J' and he was a profperous man: and he
c 1 cor. 7. 20, 14. Was c in the houfe of his mafter the
iTim. 6. I. Tit.
*•<,> >°- Egyptian.
d Mat. 5. 16. pwi. q fi^d his mafter d faw that the Lord
2- 15, l6, O I 1 1 T
was with him, and that the Lord
eS.'*?.«7.'pti'1:e made all that he did to profper in his

CHAP. XXXIX.

His chaflity.

1728.
aCh. 37.28. Pf. 105.
17-

hand.

f Prtv. 16. 7. Neh.~2,
4, 5. fee ch. 18. 3.

4 And Jofeph f found grace in his fight,

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVIII. — Unhallowed _ and
over-hafty marriages often iffue in fearful and numerous mifchiefs ;
and fuch fins in parents are punifhed by the like in their children.
The lufts of the flefh iflue in terrible plagues and untimely deaths.
And extremely foolifh is their choice, who dare to purchafe a mo
mentary enjoyment of their luft by expofing themfelves to ever
lafting torments in hell!' How tremendous the fovereignty of God
in marking out men. for obje&s of, his diftinguifhed vengeance
againft fin !' And empty profeffors of the true religion are generally
fixed upon for, this purpofe ! At. what an eafy rate do moft men
part with, their true honour and falvation, while they are mightily
concerned about, their- temporal interefts or worldly fecurities !
Temporal lofs and. worldly fhame weigh. more with them than

and he ferved him : and he made him *%\tM
s overfeer over his houfe, and all that he Jp7o7I7~Z&IT
had he put into his hand. \\.z.lt£i.
5 And it came to pafs, from the time
thai he had made him overfeer in his
houfe, and over all that he had, that the
Lord bleffed the Egyptian's houfe for
h Jofeph's fake : and the bleffing of the h' c7h- f -,7- A««
Lord was upon all that he had in the •«: Vf. & u*:
houfe, and in the field.
6 ; And k he left all that he had in ^SS.^"?;
Jofeph's hand ; and he knew not ought u^sl'&stlz,.
he had, lave the bread which he did eat. "'^¦¦n'r-.
And Jofeph was a ' goodly perfon, and. ^tio^zf.
well-favoured. ^S.'fh.V*!.
7 % And it came to pafs, after thefe '713-
things, that his mafter's wife m caft her mzM£I-z8-lPet--
eyes upon Jofeph; and flie faid., Lie
n with me. n Prov.7. 13. & z. ,
8 But he u refufed; and faid unto his fi^' l6° is?'
mafter's wife, Behold, my mafter wot- op™. 1. ra&-6. .
, , '. . , '' J . , , r 25. &2. r6. &S.
teth not what is with me in the houfe, 3-«- & 7. 5, **..
and he hath committed all that he hath
to my hand.
9 There p is none greater in this houfe v<^'d%iilfZ';
than I; neither hath he kept back any
thing from me but thea, becaufe thou,
art his wife : 1 how then can I do this.-Mfy^Net
great wickednefs, and fin againft God ? j^'i^'k'si:.
O . r 0 n r " 4- H£h, 13- 4.
10 And it came to pafs, as r fhe fpake r jer. 3.3. ver. «.
to Jofeph day by day* that he hearkened f'^/'j-*^"'
not unto her, 5 to lie by her, or to be sxTim.^iFet. .
¦. 1 1 2. II. Piov. 1. 15.
with her. &s,8. ,c0r. iS.
« ¦• ¦ r 1 1 • • 3}' ' Tlwr- 5- **¦ ¦
1 1 And it came to pafs about this time,, ,Tim- s- '4-
that Jofeph went into the houfe to, do his .
bufinefs ; and there was l none of the men11*.^-*™^;
of the houfe there within. u.Prov,7. i3. Ecd.
A 1 yl 1 r • 1 1 • 7-w. lee ver. 3,10.
12 And fhe ,L caught him bv his gar- 3 2Tim.2.22.iPet. .
r T . ° . , •> , O 2. 11. Prov. 1.15.
ment, faying, .Lie with me : and x he &5-8.icor.iS.

33-

fin, with all the damnation. which attends it. So deceitful indeed
is fin, that hardened finners are fometimes the moft fevere
againft their fellow, but lefs guilty,, offenders land malice againft
their perfons puts on the cloak of &eal againft their fins. Oh,. what:
a mercy, if fuch be brought to a kindly fenfe of, and return from,,
their finfulnefs at laft! Efpecially ought we to exercife much ten-
dernefs and compaffion towards fuch as we have tempted into fin.
But is any thing fo aftonifhing as that this enormous wickednefs, ,
this unnatural inceft,, fhould be made by Jehovah the diftant
means of. the incarnation of his only begotton Son! Behold how —
where fin had abounded and reigned unto diforder, fhame, and-
death — grace reigns, through righteoufnefs, unto inconceivable,
honour and everlafting life by Jefus Chrift our hord !

Jofeph, accufed by his wftrefs,
Reforeamft ieft his garment in her hand, and fled,
'¦ and got him out.
13 And it came to pafs, when fhe faw
that he had left his garment in her hand,
and was fled forth,
14 That fhe called unto the men of
her houfe, and fpake unto them, faying,
See, he hath brought in an Hebrew unto
y ffc™'. rfs™' us to y mock us : he came in unto me
35m,i.!&5i'.3Pf' to lie with me, and I cried with a " loud
11 Heb. great . voice t
1 5 And it came to pafs, when he heard
.that I lifted up my voice and cried, that
he left his garment with me, and fled,
and got him out.
sjer.4.22. th. 3. 16 And fhe z laid up his garment by
her, until his lord came home.
17 And flie fpake unto him accord-
apf.52.2-4.&sS. mo- to thefe words, faying, * The He-
-3. & 120. 2, 3. O 7 J O '
Mat^'V-7' brew fervant, which thou haft brought
iinto us, came in unto me to mock
me: 18 And it came to pafs, as I lifted up
my voice and cried, that he left his gar
ment with me, and fled out.
19 And it came to pafs, when his
-t prov. i9. 11. mafter b heard the words of his wife,
which flie fpake unto him, faying, After
this manner did thy fervant to me ; that
-cch. 4-5,6- itov. c his wrath was kindled.
20 And Jofeph's mafter took him, and
d 1 pet. 2.19.^ jim. J put him into the prifon, a place where
Jii.t'Dan.'Kt; the king's prifoners were bound : and he
was there in the prifon.

GENESIS.

is thrown Into prifon.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIX. — What need we have
of humble hearts — for who knows how low and debafed God may
make our lot on earth ! — But the advantage of God's prefence and
favour is in every condition chiefly to be defired. If he be with
us, we fhall be --well wherever we are. His bleffing makes rich
and honoured ; and without it all our labours are in vain. Godly
and faithful fervants are an ineftimable treafure ; and fuch as are
wife Will not fail.to efteem and prefer them. Providential fmiles
are often but inlets to fearful and ftrong temptations, or to grie-
-vous and lafting diftreffes. But to what horrid lengths in the moft
fhameful wickednefs will fuch go as have once broken through the
natural reftraints of common modefty — abandoned themfelves, they
• tan ufe the moft fhamelcfs endeavours to draw others into fin. A
fiery furnace is lefs to be feared than a beautiful abandoned woman.
Flight is the only prefervative from violent temptations to un
cleannefs : and furely it is better to hazard our life than to wound
our confeience. But, in fuch n»ft enfnaring temptations, a deep
fenfe of "the evil of fin, as offenlive to God and injurious to man,
is the only thing that will effeftually prevent compliance. — But
how hard' to obtain protection from a lying tongue ! The beft of

Before Chrift
1718.

21 % But the Lord was e with Jofeph,
and fliewed him mercy, and f gave him e seech. 21. 22. yCT.
favour in the fight of the keeper of the «. zm& '4?\*
O i Rom. 8. 31. 32,37.
prifon. t&Fg*.
22 And the keeper of the prifon g com- f^Jf\]4'^'-
mitted to Jofeph's hand all the prifoners f^yo6- 1:
that were'ia the prifon; and whatfoever 7-Da"-'-9-
they did there he was the doer of it. w^.".'™.'*?:
23 The keeper of the prifon looked not
to any thing that was under his hand ;
becaufe the Lord was with him ; h and hSee «'•*¦»•
that which he did the Lord made it to
profper.

CHAP.

XL.

Here things are working, though flowly, towards Jo
feph's advancement'. ( I ) Two of Pharaoh' s fervants
are committed to prifon, and there to Jofeph's care,
and fo become witneffes of his extraordinary conduit;
1 — .4. (2) They dream of their own impending
fate, and Jofeph interprets their dreams^ 5 — 19.
(3) His interpretation is verified in the hanging of
the chief baker, and the reftoration of the chief butler
to his office; 20 — 22. (4) In the fore fight of the
butler's preferment, Jofeph recommends his cafe to
him; 14, 15; but in vain ; 23.
AN D ~" it came to pafs after thefe a as ml 6. i.
things, that the b butler of the king b-cup-bearer, ver.
D 3 Cj j,. Neh. i. ii.
of Egypt and his baker had offended their
lord the king of Egypt.
2 And Pharaoh was c wroth againft c *«"¦ f '<¦ *
two of his officers, againft the chief of
the butlers, and againft the chief of the
bakers. 2 And he put them in ward in the
houfe of the captain of the guard, into

men have been accufed of the moft atrocious crimes. And there
is a great readinefs in mento believe an evil report, efpecially againft
the profeflbrs of religion. — Here the moft improbable ftory gains
eafy credit. How often guilt is honoured, and innocence oppref
fed and punifhed ! Yet let me not be Weary in well-doing, or in
refifting unto blood, ftriving againft fin ; for the bittereft> fuffer
ings, with a good confeience, are to be preferred to all the plea
fures of fin. Though peifecutors fhould be deaf to my plea,
there is one, Jehovah, who feeth and judgeth. In his time he
will vindicate my character, and plead my caufe. No prifon can
exclude his prefence. He will certainly give me my reward in
heaven, and perhaps part of it in a prifon, where I fhall be more
out of the reach of temptation, and on the neareft way to my eter
nal, if not alfo my temporal, preferments. If God be with me,
who can be againft me ?  Meanwhile, let me, in Jofeph, be
hold how Jefus was debafed and exalted ! — How he was in all
points tempted by devils and men like as we are, yet without fin J
— How he was perfecuted without a caiife ! And how upheld of
God, as the man in whom his foul delighted, < '• 1, for the fufferingS]
of death, exalted at his own right hand in &lory !

Pharaoh's butler and baker's

C H a p: XL.

imprifonment and dreams.

before Chrift
1718.
i Ch. 39. 20, »i, 22,

f had been,
e En. 37. ;6. & 39.
, ai. 12, 23. '

1717.
fCh.lo. 3.&41. 11.
& 12. 1—7. & 37.
5— 10. Ju.lg. 7. 13,
11. Da:i. 11. iv.vu.
viii. Mit. 27. 19.
Job. 5. 12, 13. &c
33. ij, 14. Num.
12. 6.

g Ch. .<i.8. Dan. 2.
1,3.^-4.5. 8c-].
2b. t£ S. 27-

fa 1 Sam. 1.8. 2 Sam.
13. 14. John 20.
13. Judg. 18. 24.

lCh.41.16. If. 8.19.
Dan. 2. 28. & 4. 8.
&5-l2.Pf.2S. 14.
Amos 3. 7.

ItCh. 37. 7,10. Judg.
7. 13. Dan. 4. 13.

lfiflrnify, ch. 41.26.
Lxorl. 12. 11.
1 Cor, 10. 4.
m Ver. 20 — 22.
n Or, recion, Pf. 3.
3. Jer. 52. 31.

the i prifon, the place where Jofeph
+ was bound.
4, And the e captain of the guard
charged Jofeph with them, and he ferved
them ; and they continued a feafon in
ward. 5 ^f And they f dreamed a dream both
of them, each man his dream in- one
night? each man according to the inter
pretation of his dream ; the butler and
the baker of the king of Egypt, which
were bound in the prifon.
6 And Jofeph came in unto them in
the morning, and looked upon them, and
behold they were s fad.
7 And he afked Pharaoh's officers,
that were with him in the ward of his
lord's houfe, faying, h Wherefore look
yefo fadly to day ?
8 And they faid unto him, We have
dreamed a dream, and there is no inter
preter of it. And Jofeph faid unto them,
Do not interpretations i belong to God ?
tell me them, I pray you.
9 And the chief butler told his dream
to Jofeph, and faid to him, In my dream,
behold, a k vine was before me ;
10 And in the vine were three branches :
and it was as though it budded, and her
bloffoms fhot forth ; and the clufters there
of brought forth ripe grapes : **
1 1 And Pharaoh's cup was in my hand :
and I took the grapes, and preffed them
into Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup
into Pharaoh's hand.
1 2 And Jofeph faid unto him, This is
the interpretation of it : The three branch
es ' are three days :
1 2 Yet ra within three days fhall Pha
raoh n lift up thine head, and reftore thee
unto thy place : and thou fhalt deliver

Before Chrift
1717.

Reflections upon Chap. XL. — Mark, my foul, in what
flippery places great men ftand ; and how fudden may be their fall
into deftruction; their removal from a palace to a prifon; nay, to
a gibbet! It i- much fafer, as well as fweeter, to be the fervants of
Chrift than of the loftieft monarchs on earth. Strangely, but in
wifdom, are the links of Providence connected. God can eafily
wound the ftouteft fpirits, and make their imagination fubfervient
to the ends of his glory, and the advancement of his people. But
diftreffes are often in the hearts of finners, which themfelves only
know : and in his fovereignty God fometimes renders his people
more cka-r, with refpect to the future lot of others on earth, than

10. 3; . .
12, 13, 20. & 25.
10, II.

Pharaoh's cup into his hand, after the
former manner when thou waft his but
ler. 14 But a think on me when it fhall be °\%Tf2l:
well with thee, and fhew kindnefs, I pray
' thee, unto me, and make mention of me
unto Pharaoh, and bring me out of this
houfe :
15 For indeed I was p ftolen away out ^-»/U£J
of q the land of the Hebrews : and here ^7kJseorcon-
alfo have ' I done nothing that they fhould iCh- '•»¦ '?•
it r Ch. 39. 8—12, 28.
put me into the dungeon. D*n. 6. ;*. John
r >-> 7 io. y. . Acts 24.
1 6 When the chief baker faw that the
interpretation was good, he faid unto
Jofeph, I alio was in my dream, and
behold I had three § white bafket's on my «or,>» ./&/«.
head :
1 7 And in the uppermoft bafket there
was of all manner of bake-meats for Pha
raoh ; and the birds did eat them out of
the bafket upon my head.
1 8 And Jofeph anfwered and faid, This
is the interpretation thereof: The three
bafkets are three days :
19 Yet within three days fhall Pharaoh ^ff^f;f"i
II lift up thy head from off thee, and fhall th"-
s hang thee on a tree ; and the birds- fhall « ^ «¦»•»»•
eat thy flefh from off thee.
20 % And it came to pafs ' the third tver.13,,9.
day, which was Pharaoh's u birth-day, "'fL'th6'^'."
that he made a feaft unto all his fervants :
and he x lifted up the head of the chief * ?&*.
butler and of the chief baker among his
fervants. ai And he reftored the chief butler
unto his butlerfhip again ; and he gave
the cup into Pharaoh's hand 1
22 But he hanged the chief baker; * as y\ff-ff*- Ad,a
O 20. 27.
Jofeph had interpreted to them.
23 Yet did not the chief butler remem- z SU5™
ber Jofeph, but z forgat him.

16.
;ioc.

with refpect to their. own. It is a mercy, even in a prifon, to have
one to companionate our cafe : and communication of our griefs
to godly men is a ready way to obtain folution of our doubts, and
recover comfort in our afflictions. It is prudent to conceal the
infirmity of our friends, even while we plead our own innocence :
and, in exculpating ourfelves, we cannot be -too careful to avoid
reflecting upon thofe who have injured us. What great events
are often connected with the tranfadion of a moment: and often
the enlargement of the wicked is at hand, when that of the choi-
ceft faints lies at a great diftance. Worldly advancements render
men ltrangely thoughtlefs. No favour, or even gratitude of men,

Pharaoh'' s dreams of the -kine

GENESIS.

and the ears of corn.

Before Chrift
1715.

CHAP. XLI.
Here providence works more direilly towards the ad
vancement of Jofeph, and for the maintenance of
Jacob and his family. Obferve, (1) Pharaoh's
dreams of feven fat kine devoured by as many lean
¦ ones : and of feven large ears of corn devoured by as
many thin and blafted ones; 1 — J. (2) None. of the
.wife Egyptians being found capable to interpret thefe
dreams', the chief butler remembers, and recommends,
Jofeph to Pharaoh ; who interprets them, of feven
years of extraordinary plenty, fucceeded by as many
of famine : and admonijhes Pharaoh how to manage
¦the plentiful crops, fo as to preferve his fubjecls alive
.during the famine; 8 — 36. (3) Jofeph's advice
being approved, himfelf is appointed ruler over all
the kingdom of Egypt, to put it in execution ; and
has the enflgns of dignity, together vjith a new name,
and a noble wife, beftowed upon him ; 37 — 45.
(4) While God gives him two fons, Jofeph purchafes
middays up prodigious quantities of corn during the
¦years of plenty ; and begins to f apply the inhabitants
.with it in the years of famine ; 45 — 57*
A ND it came to pafs, at the end of

,aErch.6.I.ch.20. 3.
& 37. 5—9. & 40.
5. Dan. 2. 3. & 4.
£. vii. viii. Judg,
7. 13, 14.
b Nile, ch. 15. 18.
Exod. 1. 22. & 2.
5. & 4. 9. If. 19.5,
Ezek. 29. 3. The
,plenty and famine
ah the land of E-
gypt did not at jail
depend upon rain
cr manure, but on
the manner -in
¦which the river
-.iNile overflowed
Xbe field,.

full and,

years, that Pharaoh

behold, he ftood by

*He>i.fat.

c Ezek. 17. 10. &
13. 12. hof. 13.15.

-two
a dreamed ;
b the river.
2 And, behold, there came up out of
the .river feven well-favoured kine, and
fat-flefhed ; and they fed in a meadow.
2 And, behold, feven other kine came
up after them out of the river, ill-fa
voured and lean-flefhed ; and ftood by
the other kine upon the brink of the
river. 4 And the ill-favoured and lean-flefhed
kine did eat up the feven well-favoured
and fat kine. So Pharaoh awoke.
5 And he flept, and dreamed the
fecond time : and, behold, feven ears of
corn came up upon one ftalk, * rank and

good.

6 And, behold, feven thin ears, and
blafted with the c eaft-wind, fprung up
after them.
7 And the feven thin ears devoured the
feven rank and full ears : and Pharaoh
awoke, and behold // was a dream.
8 And it came to pafs in the morning

efpecially of great ones, can he fafely depended on. Let me there
fore always truft in the Lord, and be in his fear all the day long.
But turn, afide my foul. — Behold the man, who is God's Fellow,
in prifon and in judgment, on account of his perfevering integrity
and hoiinefs 1 — Behold how the imaginations of Caiaphas the high
pi-ieft, the ftiffnefs of Pilate the Roman governor, with refpect to
tiie infcription on the crofs, and even the dream of his wife, con-
8

that d his fpirit was troubled ; and he fent
and called for all the c magicians of Egypt,
and all the wife men thereof : and Pha
raoh told them his dream; but there was
1 none that could interpret them unto
Pharaoh. 9 *f Then fpake the chief butler unto
Pharaoh, faying, I do remember my
s faults this day :
io Pharaoh was wroth with his fer
vants, and put me in ward h in the cap
tain of the guard's houfe, both me and
the chief baker.
1 1 And we * dreamed a dream in one
night, I and he : we dreamed each man
according to the interpretation of his
dream. 12 And there was there with us a
young man, an Hebrew, fervant to the
captain of the guard ; and we told him,
and k he interpreted to us our dreams ;
to each man according to his dream he
did interpret.
13 And it came to pafs, as he inter
preted to us, fo it was ; l me he re
ftored unto mine office, and him he
hanged. 1 4 % m Then Pharaoh fent and called
Jofeph, and they brought him n haftily
out of the dungeon : and he fhaved him
felf, and ° changed his raiment, and came
in unto Pharaoh.
15 And Pharaoh faid unto Jofeph, I
have dreamed a dream, and there is none
that can interpret it : «&nd I have heard
fay of thee, that II thou canft underftand
a dream to interpret it. ,
1 6 And Jofeph anfwered Pharaoh, fay
ing, p // is not in me : God fhall give
Pharaoh an f" anfwer of 1 peace.
17 And Pharaoh faid unto Jofeph, In
my dream, behold, I ftood upon the bank
of the river :
18 And, behold, there came up out of

Before Chrift
T7I5-
d Ch. 40. 6. Dan. 2.
3. &4-5-&7-SS-
8c 8. 27.
e Exod. 7. 11, 8c 8.
19. Dan. 2.3.- ft
5- 7, 8. Acts 17,
18. Magicians were
fuch as pretended
to reveal fecrets,
interpret hidden
things, and fcretel
future ones ; and
did many, ftrange
feats by flight of
hand, oraflutance
of the devil; We
men were fuch, 'Is
had great learn,'
ing, judgment,
and experience,
Mat. 23. 34.
fDan. 2.10. & 5.8.
If. 19- n. & 20,
14. VS. ze. 14. fM
ch. 40. 8.
g Ch. 40. I, 2, 14,
23.
h Ch. 39. 20.
i Ch. 40, 5, 8.

k Ch. 40. it, 19,

1 Ch. 40. 20, 21, 21,

m 1 Sam. 2, 7, 8. Pf.
113. 7. 8c 105. zo.
n Dan. 2. 25. Exod.
10. 16.

0 Efth. 4. x, 2, 4,

II Or, when tbcu hear'
ejl a dream, thou
canjl interpret h.

p Ch. 40. 8. 2 Kin.
6. 27. Dan. 2. 28.
I Cor. 15. 10.
2 Cor. 3. 5. Amos
3-7-
t An anfwer quiet.
ing thy troubled
mind, and por
tending happinefs
and prosperity _to
thee.
q Ch. 37. 14. Luke
19. 42.

cur to promote his honour ! — Behold him on the crofs moved with
deep compaffion towards even his enemies, and crowning one of
his fellow-fufterers with eternal life, while he configns the other to
eternal death ! But, O Jehovah, forbid that I fhould ever forget
the love and companion of this adorable Jefus, but record his mer
cies in my heart for eternal remembrance.

Jofeph interprets Pharaoh* s
BtforeChrift fa fi^ fa^ J^^ fa{._fleme<} an(J wefl_
~ favoured ; and they fed in a meadow :
19 And, behold, feven other kine came
up after them, poor and very ill-favoured
and lean-flefhed, fuch as I never faw in
all the land of Egypt for badnefs :
20 And the -lean' and the ill-favoured
kine did eat up the firft feven fat kine :
• h* ™« ..**!- 2i And, when they had'* eaten them
v tmrdfartioftkem. , 7 1 . - 1
up, it could not be known that they had
eaten them; but they were ftill ill-fa
voured, as at the beginning. So 1 awoke.
22 And I faw in my dream, and, be
hold, feven ears came up in onetftalk,
full and good :
tor.fhutt. 23 And, behold, feven ears, + wither
ed, thin and blafted with the eaft- wind,
fprung up after them : ¦
24 And the thin ears devoured the
feven good ears : and I told this unto the
magicians ; but there was none that could
declare it to me.
25 5F And Jofeph faid unto Pharaoh,
• infignincation. The dream of Pharaoh is * one : God hath
(hewed Pharaoh r what he is about to do.
26 The feven good kine s <zrr? feven
yer.T.'sIV^s* years ; and the feven good ears are feven
years : the dream is one.
t ver. 3,4,6,7,30, ^ t And the feven thin and ill-favoured
kine, that came up after them, arte feven
years ; and the feven empty ears, blafted
with the eaft-wind, fhall be feven years
of famine.
28 This is the thing which I have
fpoken unto Phaaaoh. What God is
about to do he fheweth unto Pharaoh.
usee ver. 26, 47. 29 Behold, u there come feven years of
great plenty throughout all the land of
Egypt :
30 And there. fhall arife after them
%. fee ver.™; x feven years of famine ; and all the plenty
fhall . be forgotten in the land of Egypt ;
and the famine fhall confume the land :
31 And the plenty fhall not be known
in the land, by reafon of that famine fol-
i&b. *,*»,. lowing ; for it fhall be very H grievous.
,f''"7ol9' Ph"' 32 ^n^ ^QV t^iat *ke dream was y doU-
«• 'bled unto Pharaoh twice; it is becaufe
io„tr,t„,d. the thing is " eftablifhed by God, and
God will fhortly bring it to pafs.
Vol. I.

CHAP. XIX

S If. 41. 42, 23.
s Signify, ch. 40. 12,
18. Exod. 12. 11,

» 2 Kin
24,
54>

Before Cbriit

z Or, wcrfeers*
Num. 31. 14.
2 Kin. 11, r%,
a Chr. 34. 12.
Neh. 11. 9.
a Prov. 6. 6, 7, 8.
Luke 16. 5.
t Jofeph laid up
but a 5th part
in the king's gra
naries,, as many
others in the land
laid alio up a part
of thefe plentiful
crops.
b Power, appoint
ment, Exod. 4. 1 j.

f Heb. ht not tut »/'.

breams, and is highly advanced.
22 Now therefore let Pharaoh look out
a man difcreet and wife, and fet him
over the land of Egypt.
34 Let Pharaoh do this, and let him
appoint z officers over the land, and a take
up the "I" fifth part of the land of Egypt in
the feven plenteous years.
2$ And let them gather all the food of
thofe good years that come, and lay up
corn under the b hand of Pharaoh, and
let them keep food in the cities.
36 And that food fhall be for ftore to
the land againft the feven years of fa
mine, which fhall be in the land of Egypt ;
that the land + perifh not through the
famine. 27 And the thing Was cgood in the e£!"fc£&"2
eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of all his &ls' ""
fervants. 38 ^[ And Pharaoh faid unto his fer
vants, Can we find fuch a one as this is,
a man d in whom the Spirit of God is? dt>aiM.s.&5.n.
39 And Pharaoh faid unto Jofeph,
Torafmuch as God hath fhewn thee all
this, there is none fb difcreet and wife as
thou art.
40 c Thou fhalt be over my houfe, and e p?;,0*/-'",9^i
according unto thy word fhall all my X^&'s"*).**
people be ruled : only in the throne will.
I be greater than thou.
41 And Pharaoh faid unto Jofeph,
See, f I have fet thee over all the land of f ^'j^ j
Egypt.

25. Prov. 17. 2.
8c 22. 29. ch. 39.
42 And Pharaoh took off* his e ring *"' , ,
from his hand, and put it upon Jofeph s ,s-"-
hand, and arrayed him in veftures oft fine *

linen, and put a h gold chain about his h£^: ,""'£**
,1 Luke 19. 16— io.
neck t : Dan. 5. 7.
43 And he made him to ride in the '^^w^S
fecond chariot which he had ; and they &%tidilr™&
.. II -r-i ii 1 a mark of honour,
cried before him, u Bow the knee : and Hicttf, « "j
he made him ruler over all the land of S 1!^™."
Egypt- . » *i%&®r*
44 + And Pharaoh faid unto Jofeph, % a. mrc as 1 am
I am Pharaoh, and without thee fhall no be"fii°w0end%odc.
' oughr, m the ad-
man lift up his hand or foot in all the j^?^™*
1 1 r v* management of
land of Egypt. thefwes, without
45 And Pharaoh called Jofeph's name warrant-
5 Zaphnath-paaneah; and he gave him ?£,£?*" rf*"
to wife Afenath the daughter of Poti-
K

Jofeplfs honour, marriage^ and fons.

GENESIS.

• Jofeph Juppfies with corn.

Before ChriH
' '7'5-
i O.., jsTtnce^ ch. 14.
18. aSam. iS. 18.

I Bought up a 5th
piriuf h, ver. 34.

pherah ' prieft of On. And Jofeph went
out over all the land of Egypt.
; ,u : 46 f And Jofeph was k thirty years
4.3. tuke 3. 23. Q|^ when ne ftood before Pharaoh king of
Egypt. And Jofeph went out from the
prefence of Pharaoh, and went through
out all the land of Egypt.
47 And in the feven plenteous years
the earth brought forth by handfuls.
48 And he ' gathered up all the food
of the feven years, which were in the
land of Egypt, and laid up the food in
the cities : the food of the field, which
was round about every city, laid he up
in the fame.
49 And Jofeph gathered corn m as the
fand of the fea, very much, until he left
numbering ; for it zvas without number.
50 % n And unto Jofeph were born two
fons before the years of famine came ;
which Afenath, the daughter of Poti-phe-
rah + prieft of On, bare unto him.
5 1 And Jofeph called the name of the
for God, faid he,
hath made me p forget all my toil, and all
my father's houfe.
52 And the name of the fecond called
he 1 Ephraim : for God hath caufed me
to be fruitful in the land of my afflic
tion. $2 % And the feven years of plente-
oufnefs, that was in the land of Egypt,
were ended.
54 r And the feven years of dearth
began to come, according as Jofeph had
faid : and the dearth was in all lands ;
but in all the land of Egypt there was
bread.

Before Chrift
I7°3.
6 2 Kin. 6. 26.

In Ch. 22. 17. Judg
7. 12. & 6. 5. Jot
3.1. 33.

it Ch. 46. 20. &
48. S.

* Or, frinca.

I712.
•U^.-rjT*'8**' firft-born ° Manaffeh
pPf. 30.3,11. Prov.
31. 7. Pf. 43. 10.

17 1 1.
q That is, fruitful,
ch. 43. it). 11. 40.
l,Z.

3708.

p Pf.-103.16. ver. t,
4,6,7,27,30,34. &4S- II. Afts 7.
II.

t Pf. IOJ. 20,21,22,
with Pf. 68. 18,
Col. 1. 19. John i,
14,16. Phil. 4. 19.

|| Or, land,
* Heb, all wherein-
was*

u Neighbouring,, <
Pf, 105. 16, 17.
ch.41.1. i'sa, 18.

¦ 55 Andj when all the lan4 of Egypt
was famifhed, the people s cried to Pha
raoh for bread ; and Pharaoh faid unto
all the Egyptians, ' Go unto Jofeph ;
what he faith to. you, do.
56 And the famine was over all the
face of the II earth : and Jofeph opened
* all the ftorehoufes, and fold unto the
Egyptians ; and the famine waxed fore in
the land of Egypt.
57 And all u countries came into Egypt
to Jofeph for to buy corn ; becaufe that
the famine was^o fore in all lands.
CHAP. XLH.
Here, ( I ) Scarcity of vitluals in Canaan obliges Jo
feph's brethren, who had fold him, humbly to apply
to him for corn; I — 6. (2) To try them, he chal
lenges them for fpies, which obliges them to give him
an account of their family ; 7 — 20. (3) Awakened
in their confeience, by his behaviour towards them,
they penitently reflet! on the injury they had done him,
while Reuben, with pleafure, remembers how he had
ftood his friend; 21,22. (4) Deeply offered with
their confeffions, Jofeph retains Simeon a prifoner, ta
fecure their return with Benjamin; and fends away
the reft with their facks full of corn, and their money
returned therein ; which, when difcovered, fills them
with new perplexities ; 23 — 29. (5) Upon the re
port of what they had met with, and efpecially that
it behoved Benjamin to go with them on their return^
Jacob is greatly diftreffed; 30 — 38.
^yOW, when Jacob a faw that there •£^,j.^iS
^1 was corn in Egypt, Jacob faid unto 7'B*
his fons, Why do ye look one upon an
other ?
2 And he faid, Behold, I have heard
that there is corn in Egypt : get you
b down thither, and buy for us from- bCh-«-9-
thence ; that we may c live, and not die. e^J;l^fr
3 And Jofeph's ten brethren went down 38' '"
to buy corn in Egypt.

Reflections upon Chap. XLI.— Certain, though flow, is
the execution of God's purpofes of favour to his people ; and by
the moft infignificant, or even extravagant, means he often ac-
cdmplifhes them. But, when patience hath had her perfect work,
God can eafily furnifh the means of his favourites' deliverance :
and, when his time of delivering his people comes, he caufes men
to remember and to do their duty towards them ; -and effectually
to accomplifh his purpofe. How amiable and excellent, when
great gifts and great graces are adorned with the deepeft humility,
referring all the glory to God, and behaving modeitly towards
men ! But changeable and perifhing are all earthly enjoyments,
efpecially defirable ones. Let me then ufe them with caution, and
lay up in heaven a better and enduring fubftance ; for it is infi
nitely neceffary to provide without delay againft future, againft
everlafting wants : in the meanwhile we muft efteem it an un-
4

1707.

deferved mercy that God hath fet profperify and adverfity, plenty
and famine, debafement and glory, the one againft the other. How
glorious the character, in which extenfive knowledge, firm friend-
ihip, aftive diligence, unfhaken fidelity, forgetfulnefs of injuries
received, and hearty acknowledgment of God in all things, are re
markably connected ! Happy the nation, the management of which
is intrufted to fuch perfons !  But chiefly rejoice, my foul, that
Jefus was taken from prifon and from judgment, and hath all power
given to him, in heaven and on earth, in order to beftow bleff
ings on perifhing finners'! Rejoice that God hath made him to
forget his labour, and made him fruitful in the land of his afflic
tion ! He feeth his feed, the travail of his foul, and is iatisfied.
And what a mercy is it that all nations have accefs. to him, not
to buy with money, but to receive all the bleflings of time and eter
nity from him without money and without price!

Jacob's fons go down to Egypt.

CHAP. XLII.

Befo^chrift + But 4 benjamin, Jofeph's brother,
iseech.3s. 16-19. Jacob fent not with his brethren ; for he
*£&».£,"** &id, * Left peradventure mifchief befall

him. 5
corn

And the fons of Ifrael came to buy
thofe that came : for the

among

tPf.105.il. ch. 4!
40,41.

E governor
that fold

• Heb- *"r<2 thing*
with than.

TCAft"7.,0..&& 1!: famine was f in the land of Canaan.
6 % And Jofeph was the
over the land, and he it was
to all the people of the land : and Jofeph's
*£.h&"'i9:?:&44. brethren came, and h bowed down them
felves before him with their faces to the
earth. 7 And Jofeph faw his brethren, and
he knew them, but made himfelf ftrange
unto them, and fpake * roughly unto
them ; and he faid unto them, Whence
come ye ? And they faid, From the land
of Canaan to buy food.
8 And Jofeph knew his brethren, but
they knew not him.
9 And Jofeph ' remembered the dreams
which he dreamed of them, and faid
,8- un,to them, k Ye are fpies ; to fee the
1 nakednefs of the land ye are come.
10 And they faid unto him, Nay, my
lord, but to buy food are thy fervants
come. 1 1 We are all * one man's fons ; we
are true men, thy fervants are no fpies.
1 2 And he faid unto them, Nay, but
to fee the * nakednefs of the land ye are
come. 13 And they faid, Thy fervants are
the fons of one man
^7 in the land of Canaan ; and, behold, the
youngeft is this day with our father, and

% Ch. 37. 5-9-

. lc Num. 13. 2
19. Jofh. ii.
1 Weaknefg, .Exod. 32. 25,

* No man would cx-
pofe ten of his
Ions at once to the
dangerous bufi-
nefs o, fpies.

JDiftrefs and weak-
nefs, ver. 9.

*2£^£«?£ m twelve brethren,
6—24. & 46. a—
z~. Exod. t
Num. i. x. xxvi
xxxiv. 1 Chron
h — viii.

a Mat. 2. t6, 18. ch. Olie

n

E

7. 30. & 44. 20.
ram. 5. 7.

» Job 15. 2, 4. & 19. ¦
- n. Your account /J
of yourielves i3 to
improbable, that fifg
it incrcafeth thc
lufpicion of your
being (pies.

»g»

That Ye

is not.
14 And Jofeph faid unto them, '
// that I fpake unto you, fayin
fpies :
1 5 - Hereby ye fhall be proved : p by
*\tTi^'%x' tne kfe °f Pharaoh ye fhall not go forth
.wM.Dem.6.13, hence, except your youngeft brother come
hither.

JTHeb, lound.

16 Send one of you, and let him fetch
your brother, and ye fhall be II kept in

Jofeph holds them for fpies.
prifon, that your words may be proved, ^V^"*
whether there be any truth in you ; § or »«<«-*.«w.
elfe by the life of Pharaoh furely ye art
fpies. 17 And he "» put them all together « ?*¦£• ,0- rc
into ward three days.
18 And Jofeph faid unto them the
third day, This do, and live ; for r I fear ' f;?- "• Nd»-
God: 19 If ye be true men, let one of your
brethren be bound in the houfe of your
prifon : go ye, carry corn for the famine
of your houfes :
20 But s bring your youngeft brother 5Ch.43-5-&44-*j.
unto me ; fo fhall your words be verified,
and ye fhall not die. And they + did fo. **"»«*»!> «-,>«.
21 ^[ And £ they faid one to another, ''^i- !&$,'£
We are verily guilty concerning our bro- ii^ilfft'
ther, in that we faw the anguifh of his
foul, when he befbught us, and we would
not hear ; u therefore is this diftrefs come u ffifd' I'^t
upon us.
22 And Reuben anfwered them, fay
ing, K Spake I not unto you, faying, Do
not fin againft the child ; and ye would
not hear ? therefore behold alfo his blood
is y required.
23 And they knew not that Jofeph
underftood them ; for ' he fpake unto them
by an interpreter.
24 And he turned himfelf about from «"»"-»*-
them, and z wept; and returned to them z £:¦«• J0- Rom-
again, and communed with them, and
took from them a Simeon, and bound * i- '$*% *£*
7 Eei'ig bold and
him before their eyes,
25 ^[ Then Jofeph commanded to fill
their facks with corn, and to reftore every

Mat. 7.

x Ch. 37. ar.

y Ch, 4. ro. % Chr.
24. 22. Lick. 5.
18. Luke 11. 50.
Rev. 13. 10 & 16.
6. Pf. q. ii. We
fhall nuw be pu
nifhed for mur
dering him.

,-igt
lii.-ce, hfe perhaps
had the chief luui
in Jofeph's
troubles.

1706.

man's money into his lack, and to give

b Rom. 12.17. Mit.
and * thus s-^ipm-i-*

them provifion for the way :
did he unto them.
26 And they laded their affes with the
corn, and departed thence.
27 And as one of them opened his fack,
to give his. afs provender in the inn, he
efpied his money ; fof behold it was in
his fack's mouth.
28 And he faid unto his brethren, My

Chap. XLII. Ver. 7. Jofeph dealt thus harlhly with them, (1) That he might
Jjereby procure a full account of the prefent ftate of his father's family : (2) That they
might be the more llioroughly convinced of, and humbled for, their former fin j par

ticularly their hatred, intended murder, and actual felling of himfelf : (3) To enliance
their joy when he fhould difcover himfelf: (4) To render the fulfilment of uii own
dreams the more conlpicuous. K 2

Jacob's fons report their fate,

GENESIS.

B^chrift money is reftored 4 and lo it is even in
* HSb. wtnt forth.' my fack : and their heart * c failed them,
cS,lns5'ch lKin' ^n^ they were afraid, faying one to an-
JT&fa?^ other, What « this /£*/ God hath done
unto us ?
29 % And they came unto Jacob their
father, unto the land of Canaan, and
told him all that befell unto them ; fay
ing,
aver.7~2a. 3° d The man who is the lord of the
« Hen. iiiMiuw land fpake * roughly to us, and took us
for fpies of the country.
31 And we faid unto him, We are
true men ; we are no fpies :
32 We be twelve brethren, fons of our
father ; one is not, and the youngeft is
this day with our father in the land of
Canaan. 22 -And the man, the lord of the coun
try, faid unto us, Hereby fhall I know
that ye are true men ; leave one of your
brethren here with me, and take food for
the famine of your households, and be
gone :
34 And bring your, youngeft brother
unto me; then fhall I know that ye are
no fpies, but that ye are true men: fo will
I deliver your brother, and ye fhall traf-
fick in the land.
25 % And it came to pafs as they
emptied their' facks, that behold every
man's bundle of money was in his fack :

which diftrejfes JaceS,
and when both they and their father faw ^oo'T*
the bundles of money they were afraid. """*
36 And Jacob their father faid unto.
them, Me have ye bereaved of my chil
dren: Jofeph is- not, and Simeon is not,.
and ye will take Benjamin away : all thefe
things are e againft me. ""c^Mpf:4*
2 j And Reuben fpake unto his father, J^of'.flf
faying, Slay my f two fons if I bring f^f^**
him not to thee

deliver him into my ch-<6-»-

hand, and I will bring him to thee

again

38 And he faid, My fon fhall not go
down with you ; for s his brother is dead, ^.'Si^5.'*
and he is left § alone: if mifchief befall ^^^^'"^
him by the way in the which ye go, then
fhall ye bring down my gray hairs h with h^'.9&,2:S!:lc£

forrow to the grave.
CHAP.

44. 29, 31.

XLIII.

Here, (1) The continuance of the dearth forces Jacofy
however reluStant, to fend his fons again to Egypt
for corn, with double money., and a prefent; and even
to fend Benjamin along with them ; 1 — 14. (2) In
Egypt they are brought into Jofph's houfi, where,
contrary to their fears, the feward acquits them as
to the money returned in their facks. Jofeph kindly
afks them of their own and their father's welfare :
and feafts them all, efpecially his brother Benjamin;
15—34- ND the famine was a fore in the '^it*-1*-
land.
2 And it came to pafs, when they had
eaten up the corn which they had brought

Reflections upon Chap. XLII. — What a mercy it is to be
affured that in the Canaan above there is no fcarcity, no want !
And here on earth one country can ordinarily fupply the wants of
-another ! But is it not ftrange that the accurfed defcendants of
Ham" fhould have plenty, when God's peculiar favourites, the feed
of Abraham, are in want ! Yet even this is evidently to bring
about his purpofes for his people, and to fhew us that all the myf-
teries of his providence fhall difplay his power and wifdom, and in
the iffue bring greater benefits to his redeemed; and in God's
time the moft malignant oppofers of his defigns are made willingly
to fubmit thereto, and accomplifh the farm. But, while trufting in
the Lord, parents and mafters ought to provide, with great care,
for the externa] fubfiftence, and how much more for the religious
edification, of their families ! What harfh meafures are fometimes
neceffary to awaken, and thoroughly convince, fuch co faiences as
have been long afleep and hardened in fin ! But the fear of God,
prevalent in the heart, effecSually determines men to equity and
benevolence,- and reftrains from tyrannical cruelty and injuftice.
Trying providences often recall fin to men's remembrance, and
render that bitter which was formerly fweet. And it is indeed a
needful ftroke that awakens the confeience to a ferious remem
brance of former fins. When we fhare with others in their cala

mity, it is no fmall comfort to know ourfelves clear of their guilt.
How often God writes men's fin on their troubles ! Thefe Hei
brews had fold their brother for money, and now his money fiHs
them with dread; guilty confciences being fubjecl: to perpetual
alarms. There is need of conftant preparation for trials, as we
often meet with them when and where they were leaft expedtedj
But mournful is the cafe of families when mutual truft in one ano
ther is weakened. Surely there is great need of an holy difengage-
ment from all creatures ; for, in proportion 'to our love to them',
will be our fears of lofing them, and our diftrefs in parting from
them. Very often the beft of faints diftrefs themfelves with need-
lefs fears, that all things are againft them, when they are really, nayt
remarkably working for their good. And no wonder, when the
very children, from whom diftinguifhed comforts are juftly ex
pected, fo often, b/ their wickednefs, bring their aged parents
with forrow to the grave.  But now, my foul, when Jefus
-deals roughly with me, to convince and humble my proud -fpirit,,
or to try my love to himfelf and his Father, and to my fellow-
faints, let me always acknowledge my offences with brokennefs of
heart ; and let me blefs him who hath fo planned, and fo executes
his fchemes of redemption, that 1 am always obliged to return to
himfelf, as my great fupplier, in time of need.

Benjamin goes with his brethren

CHAP. XLIII.

Before Chrift

k Prov ,
16.8. 1 Tim. j. 8,
& 6. 6, 7, >•

* We cannot go,
wanting Benja
min, without '11
breaking our pro- WlU nOt gO QOWll '.

out of Egypt, their father faid unto them,
v1.7,0^. & Go again, buy us b a little food.
3 And Judah fpake unto him, faying,
C^;^,S'M& c The man did H folemnly proteft unto
inth.mtefihS, us, faying;, Ye fhall not fee d my face
¦ptotefed. J ° , 1 7 • , J
d2Sam.3,i3. & except your brother be with you.
li. 2I; p'. Afts 4 If thou wilt fend our brother with
us, we will go down and buy- thee food :
5 * But if thou wilt not fend him, c we
for the man faid unto
mile, and1 endan- ° _
gering our life. US) Ye fhall not fee my face except your
,c"^4** brother be with you.
6 And Ifrael laid, Wherefore dealt ye
Jo ill with me, as to tell the man whether
ye had yet a brother ?
7 And they faid, The man afked us
ftraitly of our ftate, and of our kindred,
faying, Is your father yet alive ? have ye
another brother ? And we told him ac-
*rV,ui!cqd?em°°s cording * to the tenor of thefe words :
tHeb. inowinS, + Could we certainly know that he would
cquU we k»oui. f TJ * 11 l "i
fay, .bring your brother down r
8 And Judah faid unto Ifrael his fa-
f™'%.lT oU' Uier, Send* the f lad with me, and we will
arife and go ; that we may live and not
die, both we, and thou, and alfo our
little ones.
^¦^iltithHe'h1": 9 I will s be furety for him ; of my
12. .119.122. j-jan(j fhajj- thou require him: if I bring
him not unto thee, and fet him before
thee, then let me bear the blame for
ever :
10 For, except we had lingered, furely
• or, twk, 1, this, now we, had returned * this fecond time.
1 1 And their father Ifrael faid unto
h pwr. ,8. 16. 8c them, If// muft befonow, do this; htake.
21. 14. 8c. 17. 8. 8c 7 J 3
I'ich.j^.^ °f the beft fruits in the land in your vef-
37.25. Deut. 33. £eiSj ancj carry down the man a prefent,
a little balm, and a little honey, fpices,
and myrrh, nuts, and almonds :
A' feb. ri3. k 12 And s take double money in your
hand ; and the money that was brought
again in the mouth of your facks, carry
it again in " your hand ; peradventure it
was an overfight :
* Ch. 42. 38.

13 k Take alio your brother, and arife,
go again unto the mail :
14 And l God Almighty give you
"^yVX AaJ' mercy before the man, that he may fend
away your other brother, and Benjamin..

fCh. 39.21. &, 7.1,
8c 22. 14. pf. jj,

into Egypt. They are kindly ufed.
t If I be bereaved of my children, I am *%%'*
bereaved. T or, And i, a, i
15 ^f And the men took that prefent,.
and they took double money in their
hand, and Benjamin ; and rofe up, and
went down to Egypt, and ftood before
Jofeph. 16 And when Jofeph faw Benjamin
with them, he faid to the m ruler of his mVe'-'9-&«"r,
houfe, Bring thefe men home, and n flay, n\^:ilz\%!t
and make ready ; for thefe men fhall dine '3°' 3I-M°
with me at noon.
1 7 And the man did as Jofeph bade ;,
and the man brought the men into Jo
feph's houfe.
18 And, the men were "afraid, be- o judg. «,«. m».-
. ' 14,26. Pi-S3.Sv
caufe they were brought into Jofeph's Km-1-^-
houfe ; and they faid, Becaufe of the
money that was. returned in our facks at
the firft time are we brought in ; that he
may p feek occafion againft us, and fall f Heb- ""*;"^
upon us, and take us for bondmen, and.
our affes.
19 5[ And they came near to the.
fte ward of Jofeph's houfe, and they com
muned with him at the door of the
houfe, 20 And faid, O fir, 'We came in- « C!" * J' ^ nt
deed * down at the firft time to buy ^rZdT"'
food :
2 1 And it came to pafs, when we came
to the inn, that1 we opened our facks,. '«>•*«¦ *7.jp
and behold every man's money was in
the mouth of his fack, our money in full
weight : s and we have brought it again
O DO
in our hand.
22 And other money have we brought
down in our hands, to buy food : we
cannot tell who put our money in our.
facks. 23 + And he faid, c Peace be to you,
fear not : your God, and the God of your
father, hath given you treafure in your
facks r § I had your money. And he
brought Simeon out unto them.
And the man brought the

s Heb. 13. 5, 18.-
Rom. 12.17. & 13.
8. lPc«2. \z.is
3. 16.

men

24
into Jofeph's houfe, and u gave them
water, and they wafhed their feet ; and
he gave their affes provender.
25 And they made ready the prefent

t It feemj that Jo-- -
feph had taught
his ftswa~d and'
family to know1
and fear the true
God.
t Judg. 6. 23. & w.
20. 1 Sain. 25. 6.
I Chr.T2.l8.Lukp
10. 5. & 24. JO.-
r .... -l .-_¦¦, I Q, II. io,
$ Hebi ytur money
came to me.
uCh. 18. 4.^24.31 >

Jofeph' 's kindnefs to his brethren.

GENESIS.

He irks their affection to Benjamin,

Before Chrift
I706.

x Ch. 42. 6. ver. 28.
& 37. 7, 9, 10.

y Heb. peace, ch. 37.
14. Exod. 18. 7,
Judg, i3. 15.
% Heb. is there peace
to pur. father ?
ch, 42, 11, 13.

(j Looked oil.

a Ch. 41. 11, 13.
b Ch. 43. 8. I Tim.
I. 2. Heh. 13. 1.
Fl. 133. I, 2.

e I Kin. 3. 26. Jer.
31.20. Hof. 11. 8.
Col, 3, 12.

iVer.l6. ch. 31. 54.
c Ch. 46. 34. Exod.
*. 26.

againft Jofeph came at noon : for they
heard that they fhould eat bread there.
26 % And, when Jofeph came home,
they brought him the prefent, which
was in their hand, into the houfe,
and x bowed themfelves to him to the
earth. 27 And he afked them of their ? wel
fare, and faid, z Is your father well, the
old man of whom ye fpake ? Is he yet
alive ?
28 And they anfwered, Thy fervant
our father is in good health, he is yet
alive. And they bowed down their heads,
and made obeifance.
29 And he lifted up his eyes, and " faw
his brother Benjamin, his mother's fon,
and faid, Is this your younger brother,
a of whom ye fpake unto me ? And he
faid, God be gracious unto thee, b my
fon. 30 And Jofeph made hafte ; for his
c bowels did yern upon his brother : and
he fought where to weep ; and he entered
into his chamber, and wept there.
31 And he waffled his face, and went
out, and refrained himfelf, and faid, Set
on bread.
32 And they fet on for him by him
felf, and for them by themfelves, and for
the Egyptians, which did eat with him,
by themfelves : becaufe the Egyptians
might not d eat bread with the Hebrews ;
for that is an e abomination unto the
Egyptians. 22 And they fat before him, the firft-
born according to his birthright, and

Reflections upon Chap. XLIII. — The trials, the fore
trials, of God's principal favourites, may often laft long, and fink
deep, before their deliverance come. But in difficult circum-
ftances, where fomething dear to us is at ftake, it is good to take
the advice of others, who are lefs interefted. What a mercy is
bread, that nothing earthly can fupply the want of it ! What then
can fupply the want of Jefuc, the bread of life ? In the ufe of every
prudent endeavour to avoid danger, it is proper fo commit our af-
r-iirs to the Lord, and fubmit ourfejves entirely to his difpofal ; but
men, when their confciences are overcharged with guilt, are apt to
tear without ground, even where kindnefs is intended. In every

Chap. XLIII. Ver. 27. Ju/eph .ftill retained his tender ifleftion to his father and
his brethren ; but, in order to fulfil the defigns of Providence, he had been reftrained
of God from inquiring after them till his brethren came into Egypt.
Ver. 32. The Egyptians detefied eating with fuch as fed upon the animals which
they worfhipped, Or who neglected their manner ai drefUng their victuals.

Before Chrift
1706.

the youngeft according to his youth : and
the men marvelled one at another. ~~
34 And he took and fent f mefTes unto 'u,™***?'*9"
them from before him : but Benjamin's
mefs was five times fo much as any of
of theirs. And they drank, and e were 'S&fW
merry with him.
CHAP. XLIV.
Here (1) Jofeph, to try his brethren's affeclion to Ben
jamin, orders not -only every man's money to be re
turned in his fack,, as before, but alfo to put the filver
cup, in which himfelf had drank at the entertain
ment, in the mouth of Benjamin's, and then to pur-
fiue them as thieves, and difcover the cup; I — 12.
(2) Returning to Jofeph, they acknowledge the guilt,
and offer to be all his bond-men on account thereof:
but Jofeph infifts that none but Benjamin fhould re
main for his bond-fiervant ; 13 — 17. (3) Here
upon Judah, in a mft pathetic addrefs, reprefents
how much their father' s life was bound up in the fafe
return of Benjamin ;¦ — with what reluclance he had
permitted him to come with them ; and how himfelf
had engaged as furety for him ; — and begs that he
may be condemned to remain in bondage inftead of
him; 18 — 34.
ND he commanded a the fte ward of "^-^pf
his houfe, faying, Fill the men's *«¦*»
facks with bfood, as much as they can b?h;_f0-rn-i&«-J-
carry, and put every man's money in his
fack's mouth.
2 And put 'my c cup, the filver cup, c^&' withci
in the fack's mouth of the voungeft, and 43r"
his corn-money. And he did according
to the word that Jofeph had fpoken.
3 As foon as the morning was light, the
men were fent. away, they and their
afles. »
4 jfnd when they were gone out of the
city, and not yet far off, Jofeph faid unto
his fteward, Up, follow after the men ;
circumftance, honefty is the beft policy, and every fuccefs in bufi- ¦
nefs fhould be regarded as a treafure given by God to us. What
tender paffions poilefs the nobleft of fouls ! Their earneft prayers
to God for our welfare are a diftinguiftied kindnefs. And, if per-.
fons with whom we deal have whimfical fcruples, it is becorriirig
to bear with them in love.  But, O my foul, forget not Jefus
thy brother ! Let all my troubles and wants oblige me to return
to him, as my alone Saviour. And, though he lift me up, and caft
me down again, fear not, only believe, and thou flialt fee the glory
of God !

A

Ver. 33. They marvelled, that he, who had before ufed them fo roughly, A011M
now ufe them fo kindly.
Ver. 34. Benjamin's large portion might be intended, not only to do him honour,
Hut alfo to try his temperance, a^d whether his brethren would envy him on account
of nil diftinguUhed preferment.

The fiver cup is fhmifrh Benjamin's fack. CHAP
*%$?* and, when thou doft overtake them, fay
"¦"" "" unto them, Wherefore have ye rewarded
evil for good ?
*SS£W 5 * Is not this lt in which ™y lord
,ftarchafo"atehe- drinketh, and whereby indeed he t di-
loved cup, and m , . ¦* ^
vSt^lS.111 vineth ? Ye have done evil in fo doing.
fehaXanmi * 6 % And he overtook them, and he
himlclf in power, r " r r i
todiicoveru. ipake unto them thefe fame words.
f0r, male*. ria,. ^J , f ^ untQ ^ ~d Wfiere-
t Heb. 13.18. Prov, /. J '
22, 1. Ecci. 7. 1, fore iaitn my lord thefe words: Cj-od for
bid that thy fervants fhould do according
to this thing :
8 Behold, the money, which we found
In our facks' mouths, we brought again
unto thee out of the land of Canaan : how
then fhould we fteal out of thy lord's
houfe filver or gold ?
*K"ceVti£n' 9 * With c whomfoever of thy fervants
Jfeoro^J" *" it be found, both let him die, and we
sch. 31.3s- alfo will be my lord's bond-men.
10 And he faid, Now alfo let it be
according unto, your words ; he with
whom it is found fhall be my fervant,
and ye fhall be blamelefs.
1 1 Then they fpeedily took down every
man his fack to the ground, and opened
every man his fack.
1 2 And he fearched, and began at the
eldeft, and left at the youngeft : and the
cup was found in Benjamin's fack.
13 Then they frent their clothes, and
laded every man his afs, and returned to
the city.
1.4 % And Judah and his. brethren
came to Jofeph's houfe, (for he was yet
there ;) and they g fell before him on the
ground. 15 h And Jofeph faid unto them, l What

f Ch. 37. K). Num.
14. 6- 2 5am. 1. 2,
II. Sc 13. 19.

£ Ch. 37. 7, 9>

% Or, make trial.
It Ch. 43. 8, g.
1 Afls z. 37. Job 40.

i.ch.3-«3.&4..o. jeed -s this that ye have done ? know ye
not that fuch a man as I can certainly
+ divine ?
16 And k Judah faid, l What fhall we
tll^fvsfv. fay unto my lord ? what fhall we fpeak ?
or how fhall we clear ourfelves ? God hath
found out the iniquity of thy fervants :
a ci. 37. 7l 9. behold, m we are my lord's fervants, both
we, and he alio with whom the cup is
found.
«*•**"¦¦«•«¦ 17 And he faid, n God forbid that I
fhould do fo : but the man in whofe hand

XLIV. Judah intercedes for Benjamin.
the cup is found, he fhall be my fervant ; B'r™0\?J^
and, as for you, get ye up in "peace unto 0 >«* f»f«y. '
your father.
18 *[[ Then p Judah came near unto Pw«m.i4. 28. Deut.
him, and faid, Oh my lord, let thy fer
vant, I pray thee, fpeak a word in my
lord's ears, and let not thine anger burn
againft thy fervant : for thou art even q as ^tvVifA^
Pharaoh t. *""''"'
19 My lord afked his fervants, faying, E,0uT;0abncd/rr^!
Have ye a father, or a brother ? raoh"h£ufit:ha"
20 And we faid unto my lord, We have
a father, an old man, and r a child of his '^'H'tf11'1'
old age, a little one ; and his brother is
dead, and he alone is left of his mother,
and his father loveth him-
21 And thou faidft unto thy fervants.,
Bring him down unto me, that I may
s fet mine eyes upon him. s ^'je?.^*'
22 And we faid unto my lord, The lad
cannot leave his father : for, if he fhould
leave his father, his father would die.
23 And thou faidft unto thy fervants,
'Except your youngeft brother come ,c£ £¦*•*'•*
down with you, ye fhall fee my face no
more. 24 And it came to pafs, when we
came up unto thy fervant my father, we
told him the words of my lord.
25 And our father faid, u Go again, uch.4j.-2, s-
and buy us a little food.
26 And we faid, We cannot go down :
if our youngeft brother be with us, then
will we go down ; for we may not fee
the man's face except our youngeft
brother be with us.
27 And thy fervant my father fiidJ
unto us, Ye know that my wife x bare *'£*£>££%
me two fons: "'*
28 And the one went out from me,
and I laid, r Surely he is torn in pieces ; '%$•****'
and I faw him not fince :
29 And if ye take this alfo from me,
and mifchief befall him, ye fhall bring
down my gray hairs with z forrow to the *$;*;£%

grave.

Ch. 4'-.
Pi. ui.
4. Deut.' 31. 17.

30 Now therefore when I come to thy
fervant my father, and the lad be not
with us ; (feeing that a his life is bound ",!£". if: 1?'*
up in the lad's life ;)

G E'N E S I S.

Before Chrift

fc Ch. fl.3.

Jofeph difcovers himfelf,
m It fhall come to pafs, when he feeth
"that the lad is not with us, that he will
-die : and thy fervants fhall bring down
the gray hairs of thy fervant our father
with forrow to the grave.
32 For thy fervant became furety for
the lad unto my father, faying, b If I
bring him not unto thee, then I fhall bear
the blame to my father for ever.
22 Now therefore, I pray thee, let thy
fervant abide in ftead of the lad a bond
sman to my lord ; and let the lad go up
with his brethren.
34 For how fhall I go up to my father,
and the lad be not with me ? left perad-
EHeb.jW,pr.ii6. venture I fee the evil that fhall c come on
3. hxod. la. 0.
ifth. 8.6. Job 31. fot-1-ipr
19. rr, no. 143. my rauier. CHAP. XLV.
Already Jofeph had twice wept over his brethren while
he tried them; chap. xiii. 24. and xliii. 30. Now,
( 1 ) With the moft affeclionate weeping, he difcovers
himfelf to them ; and labours to moderate their fear
and grief, by remarking the Lord's gracious end in
their finful felling of him; 1 — 8. (2) Both Jofeph
and Pharaoh invite Jacob and his family into Egypt,
and promife them the beft of the land for their refl-
denc-ei 9 — 20. (3) After beftowing fome prefents
on them, Jofeph difpatches his brethren to bring his
father and family to Egypt; 21 — 24. (4) Jacob
is aftonijbed and revived with the -tidings of Jofeph's
glory in Egypt, and refolves to go thither ; 25 — 28.
a ch, 43. 30, 31. HPHEN Jofeph a could not refrain
JL himfelf before all them that ftood
^^is'.'z'I'afn.iSo. by him; and he cried, b Caufe every
man to go out from me : and there ftood
no man with him, while Jofeph made
himfelf known unto his brethren.

and fends for his father.
2 And he e wept aloud : and the T706."
Egyptians and the houfe of Pharaoh c Heb. ^,«/.«j,
&J L bis votcem weeping-
heard.. • NumI4•,•
3 And Jofeph faid unto his brethren,
d I am Jofeph,; Doth my father yet live? ^™*w
and his brethren could not anfwer him ;
for they were e troubled at his prefence. 'StfjgJJ*
4 And Tofeph faid unto his brethren, £.|t, la"*? L
* J if a J 1 minment, and the
Come near to me, I pray you. And they *5p^*j
came near. And he faid, I f am Jo- *"""*-•
feph your brother, whom ye lold into
Egypt. 5 Now therefore be * not grieved, nor 'ES"0"-*
angry with yourfelves, that ye fold me
hither : h for God did fend me before you h%:,s°',^: z Sam. 12. 12. &
to preferve life. * ?£ &t
6 For thefe two years hath the famine *4.&+*7.*
been in the land : and yet there are five
years, in the which there fhall neither be
earing nor harveft.
7 And God fent me before you to pre
ferve you a pofterity in the earth, and to
fave your lives by a great deliverance.
8 So now it was not you that fent me
hither, but God : and he hath made me
a * father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his ' £*#«&*
houfe, and a ruler throughout all the land
of Egypt.
9 Hafte ye, and go up to my father,
and fay unto him, Thus faith thy fori
Jofeph, God hath made me lord of all
Egypt ; come down unto me, tarry not :
10 And thou fhalt dwell k in the land km.***** i7 4, 0.
of Gofhen, and thou fhalt be near unto
me, thou, and thy children, and thy

Reflections upon Chap. XLIV. — The joys of this world
^re quickly changed into lamentation, mourning, and wo ! But,
amidft all its variety of changes, we cannot but obferve that God
exaclly fulfils his purpofes in his own time ; and makes the proudeft
to bow before the righteous at his pleafure. How pleafant it is
when brethren's hearts are fo united that one is willing to bear
another's burdens, however heavy and grievous ! And it is highly
becoming when children cannot bear to fee the grief 'and diftrefs
of their aged parents, but are ufing every method to promote their
peace. Learn, O my foul, to walk circumfpe&ly ! Snares may be
laid for me where I leaft expect them. — If I am wronged by falfe
accufations, let me always obferve and acknowledge the righteous
hand of God therein. If I am overtaken in a fault, let my fub-

miflion be humble and candid. Let me always give honour to
whom honour is due ; and be cautious in that which I utter be
fore them. Let me be always faithful to my engagements, ten
derly affedtioned towards my parents, and ready to lay down my
life for the brethren. But may my tongue cleave to the roof of my
mouth, and my right hand forget her cunning, if I forget him,
whofe way is in the fea, and his paths in the mighty waters, of dark
nefs and trouble, and who even in thefe reveals himfelf to his peo
ple : him, who fearcheth the, hearts and trieth the reins of his peo
ple : him, who ever liveth to make interceflion for us : him, who
is the furety of the better teftament ; and who, when God had no
pleafure in facrifices and offerings, faid, £0, / come; I delight to 4t>
thy will, O my God; thy law is within my heart.

Cka?. XLV. Ver. I, 4. He defired to conceal from the Egyptians the fault of
his brethren, and the uncommon ftrength of his afteclion.
Ver. 5. Be riot fo immoderately grieved with yourfelves, as to overlook the hand of
God in iending me hither to preferve your life, and the lives of manj others in Egypt
and the places about.

Ver, 6. Direfled by Jofeph, the Egyptians did not cultivate nor fow their field*
during the famine, as they could expeel no crop.
Ver. 8. God made him Pharaoh's chief counfellor'and manager of his affairs; ai>»
he had the authority, power, and refpeft of a father with him.

Pharaoh 's joy at the "report.

C H A P. XLV. XLVI. His provifon for his father s journey.

Before Chrift
1706.

1 Ch. 47. 6, 12.
lXim. 5.4-

n Not as ch. 42. 13.

n Aftt 7. 14.

• Ch. 29.11. Sc 33. 4,

p See on ch. 29. 11.
His kindnels en
couraged them to
talk freely.

fiHeb.ttai etodm the
ejes of Pharaoh.

. Ch. 47. 6. Deut.
32.14.Pf.147.M-& 81. 16.

1 V«r. 27. ch. 46. <,

I Heb. let not your eyi
Spare, Bcc. Deut.
J. 16. 8c 19. 13.
zek.7.4,9.

children's children, and thy flocks, and
thy herds, and all that thou haft :
1 1 And there l will I nourifh thee ; (for
yet there are five years of famine ;) left
thou, and thy houfehold, and all that
thou haft, come to poverty.
12 And, behold, your eyes fee, and
the eyes of my brother Benjamin, that //
is'm my mouth that fpeaketh unto you.
1 3 And ye fhall tell my father of all
my glory in Egypt, and of all that ye
have feen ; and ye fhall hafte and n bring
down my father hither.
1 4 % And ° he fell upon his brother Ben
jamin's neck, and wept ; and Benjamin
wept upon his neck.
1 5 Moreover he p kifled all his brethren,
and wept upon them : and after that his
brethren talked with him.
16 % And the fame thereof was heard
in Pharaoh's houfe, faying, Jofeph's bre
thren are come : and it " pleafed Pharaoh
well, and his fervants.
1 7 And Pharaoh faid unto Jofeph, Say
unto thy brethren, This do ye ; lade your
beafts, and go, get ye unto the land of
Canaan ;
18 And take your father and your
houfeholds, and come unto me : and I
will give you the good of the land of
Egypt, and ye fhall eat the * fat of the
land. 19 Now thou art commanded, this do
ye ; take ye r waggons out of the land
of Egypt for your little ones, and for
your wives, and bring your father, and
come. 20 Alfo s regard not your ftufF; for
the good of all the land of Egypt is
yours.

Before Chrift
1706.

2 1 % And the children of Ifrael did fo :
and Jofeph gave them waggons, according
to the c commandment of Pharaoh, and EniX*!™"19'
gave them provifion for the way.
22 To all of them he gave each man
" changes of raiment ; but to Benjamin " {tfn.t s%'9,
he gave " three Hundred pieces of filver,
and five changes of raiment.
23 And to his father he fent after this

Perhaps m tho^
hoi countries they
more freqiicn ly
changed their gar
ments, and ib
needed more fuits
than we do.

manner ; ten alTes "•" laden with the good

* about 37I. ios.
fterling.

% Heb. be netfirred,
ch. 37. 22. & 41.

things of Egypt, and ten fhe-affes laden tH*.
with corn, and bread, and meat, for his
father by the way.
24 So he fent his brethren away, and
they departed : and he faid unto them, See
that ye x fall not out by the way.
25 f And they went up out of Egypt, %££g?j
and came into the land of Canaan unto
Jacob their father,
26 And told him, faying, Jofeph is yet
alive, and he is governor over all the land
of Egypt. And Jacob's heart ? fainted, y j£keI.1kb4I9 £•
for he believed them not. SS^te.*^
27 And they told him all the words of ™ll*i«- "'
Jofeph, which he had faid unto them:
and, when he faw the waggons which
Jofeph had fent to carry him, the fpirit
of Jacob their father revived.
28 And Ifrael faid, z It is enough ; * ^isfio'.VnS
Tofeph my fon is yet alive : I will aro and ^Z^'ui'Sin,
•f. , l. , J r T f. ° hippy as to ire
lee him before 1 die. ^-^ aU'c-
CHAP- XLVL
Here (i) Jacob, forced by a famine, invited by a fon,
and direcled and encouraged by his God, fits off for
Egypt with all that he had; I — 7. (2) Sixty-fix
of his defcendants go along with him, and three others
meet him there; 8 — 27. (3) Jofeph kindly wel
comes his father and brethren, and direcls them how
to addrefs Pharaoh, when called for, purfuant to his
recommendation of them ; 28—34.

Reflections upon Chap. XLV. — My foul, let brotherly
love continue ; let no injuries received, no length of time, ex-
tinguifh or abate it- Let me be tender hearted, kindly affec-
tioned, forgiving my injurious, my abufive, brethren, as God for
Chrift's fake hath forgiven me. Let me carefully conceal their
faults from the world ; and, to the utmoft of my power, render
them good for evil. In fo doing I fhall heap coals of fire on their
head ; I fhall fting, yea, I fhall melt, their hearts. And let me care
fully provide for the fupport and comfort of my aged parents.
Following peace with all men, and keeping death always in my
view, let me be fuch a comfort to them, as may contribute to their
leaving this world in a cheerful and a Chriftian-like raanner.^But
Vol. I.

let me here behold, as in a glr.fs, with what affection Jefus reveals
himfelf, fecretly reveals himfelf, unto his brethren of mankind, who
have been his betrayers and murderers ! — and how they are con
founded, how they are love-melted, rt his prefence! how encou
raged by the gracious words, the exceeding great and precious
promifes, which proceed from his mouth ! Let me behold what
defire he and his Father have to place them with himfelf, in due
time, in the beft of the celeftial abodes! — How reviving the hopes
of being for ever with the Lord, and feeing him as he is, are to thc
dying faints ! and how agreeable the tokens of approaching death
are to them on that account !

V

ncouraged of God, Jacob and his

GENESIS.

children go down to "Egypt,

Before thrift
all 21. 14, 31. &
26. 33.
b Ch. 31. 42, 53. 8c
26. 24, 25. 8c 28.
13-
* God is here called
the God of Ifaac,
not of Abraham ;
as Ifaac, not Abra
ham, had taught
Jacob the know
ledge of God.
cCh. 15. 1,13. &22.
11. iSani. 3. 10.
A Ch. 28. 13.
e Ch. 15. I. If. 41.
10. 8c 43. 1, 2.
f Ch. 15. 13. & 28.
J4.&35.11.&22.17. & 13. 16.
Exod. .. 7, 12.
ch. 47. 27.
glf. 43.2. ch. 28.15.
+ Jofeph fhall clofe
up thine eyes in
death, and bury
thee.
h Ch. 31. 17, 18.
Exod. 10. 24, 26.

i Ch. 45. 19, 27.

k Ch. 15. 13. Jofh.
24. 4. Pf. 105. 23.
11. 52. 4. Airrs 7.
15. Num. 20. 15.
Deut. 10. 22. If.
- 5*- 4-

I Ch. xxix. xxx.
xlix. & 35. 23.
2 Chr. i. xxvi.
I Chr. ii — viii.
Exod. I. I — 5. 8c
6. 14—18.
m Ch. 29. 32. & 35.
22,23. &49- 3,4.
Exod. 6. 14- Num.
26. 5— II. 8c t. 5,
20, 21. Deut.33.6.
1 Chr. 2. I. & 5.

n Ch. 29. 33. & 49.
5—7. Exod. 6. 15.
I Chr. 2. I. 8c 4.
24—43. Num. 26.
12, 1 3. & 1. 6, 22,
23.
t Ch. 29. 34. 8c 49.
5 — 7. 1 Chr. 2. 1,
ti,i6. Exod. 6.16.
Deut. 33. *8— II,
Num. iii. iv. viii.
, Chr. vi. xxii—
xxvi,
p I Chr. 2. 1, 3. &4.
21. ch. 29. 35. 8c
38. 1—30. & 49.
S— 12. Deut. 33,7.
Kum. 26, 19 — 21.
& 1. 7, 27, 28.
1 Chr. ii. iii. iv.
H Ch. 30. 14—18. &
35. 21. fc 49. 14,
15. Deut. 33. 18,
19. I Chr. 2. I. &
7. I — 5. Num. 26.
23,24. & 1.8,29,
30.

ND Ifrael took his journey, with all
that he had, and came to a Beer-
fheba, and offered facrifices unto the b God
of his father *" Ifaac.
2 And c God fpake unto Ifrael in the
vifions of the night, and faid, Jacob,
Jacob. And he faid, Plere am I.
3 And he faid, I am God, d the God
of thy father : e fear not to go down into
Egypt ; for I will f there make of thee a
great nation :
4 I will g go down with thee into
Egypt ; and I will alfo furely bring thee
up again : and + Jofeph fhall put his hand
upon thine eyes.
5 % And Jacob rofe up from Beer-
fheba: and the fons of Ifrael h carried
Jacob their father, and their little ones,
and their wives, ' in the waggons which
Pharaoh had fent to carry him.
6 And they took their cattle, and their
goods, which they had gotten in the land
of Canaan, and came kinto Eg>pt, Jacob,
and all his feed with him :
7 His fons, and his fons' fons with him,
his daughters, and his fons' daughters,
and all his feed, brought he with him into
Egypc- 8 ^f And l thefe are the names of the
children of Ifrael, which came into Egypt,
Jacob and his fons : m Reuben, Jacob's
firft-born. 9 And the fons of Reuben ; Ha-
noch, and Phallu, and Hezron, and
Carmi. 1 o And " the fons of Simeon ; Jemuel,
and Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and
Zohar, and Shaul the fon of a Canaan-
itifh woman.
1 1 And the fons of ° Levi ; Gerfhon,
Kohath, and Merari.
1 2 And the fons of p Judah ; Er, and
Onan, and Shelah, and Pharez, and Ze
rah : but Er and Onan died in the land of
Canaan. And the fons of Pharez were
Hezron and Hamul.
ni And the fons of Iffachar ; Tola,

^orPuahandjaihub. an(j 1 phuvah, andjob, and Shimron.
14 And the r fons of Zebulun; Sered,
and Elon, and Jahleel.

Before Chrift
I7°5-
Ch. 35. 23. & 19s
V-—l%. & 30. ft
-21.A-49.j_ij,l.x-.-d. 1. 2, 3.
Num. i. x. xxvi.
1 Chr. 2. 1.

t Ch. 30. 11. 8c 35.
26. & 49. in.
Dcur.33.20.Num.
26. fs— 17. 8c 1.
M, H'25- 1 Chr.
2. 2. 8c s. Il-io.
* Or Oxni.
11 Ch. 30. 13. 8c 33.
26. £c 49. 20.
Deut. 33. 24.
Num. 26. 44-46,
8c 1. 13, 40; 41.
I Chr. 2. z'k 7,
30—40,

rCh.30.19.10. Num.
26. 26, 27. & 1. 9,
31, 32. ch. 49. 13.
Deut. 33- I5j <9-
1 Chr. 2. I

x Chr. 2. 2.

Exod. 1. 1, e.
I Chr. 2.2.
41. 50—52. &
¦ 5%20. 8c 49.
22— :6. Deut. 33.
13—17. Num. 1.
10, 32— 35. & 10.
2-— 4. &26. 28
— J-. 1 Chr. j. 23
— 26. &7. 14—29.

15 Thefe be the s fons of Leah, which
fhe bare unto Jacob in Padan-aram, with
his daughter Dinah : ail the fouls of his
fons and his daughters were thirty and
three. 16 And ' the fons of Gad ; Zlphion,
and Haggi, Shuni, and '"" Ezbon, Eri,
and Arodi, and Areli.
17" And the fons of Afher ; Jimnah,
and Ifliuah, and Iiui, and Beriah, and
Serah their fifter. And the fons of Be
riah ; Heber, and Malchiel.
1 8 x Thefe are the fons of Zilpah, whom x°p^.%to71ilt
Laban gave to Leah his daughter, and
thefe fhe bare unto Jacob, even fixteen
fouls. , '
19 The 7 fons of Rachel Jacob's wife; y^\ft^.
Jofeph, and Benjamin.
20 And * unto Jofeph in the land of *#:tft~£
Egypt, were born Manaffeh and Ephraim,
which Afenath the daughter of Poti-
pherah + prieft of On bare unto him.
21 a Arid the fons of Benjamin were
Belah, and Becher, and Afhbel, Gera,
and Naaman, + Ehi, and Rofh, II Mup
pim, and Huppim, and Ard.
2-2 Thefe are the fons of Rachel, which
were born to Jacob : all the fouls were
fourteen. 23 And b the fon of Dan ; § Hufhim.
24 And the c fons of Naphtali ; Jah-
zeel, and Guni, and Jezer, and Shillem.
25 d Thefe are the fons of Bilhah, *shui,ha!n-
which Laban gave unto Rachel his
daughter, and fhe bare thefe unto Jacob :
all the fouls were feven.
26 All the fouls that came with Jacob
into Egypt, which came out of his e loins,
befides Jacob?s fons' wives, all the fouls
were threefcore and fix ;
27 And the fons of Jofeph, which were
born him in Egypt, were two fouls :
fall the fouls of the houfe of Jacob, which !DImst:,£'^t
came into Egypt, were threefcore and
ten t.
28 And he fent s Judah before him
unto Jofeph, to direcT: his face unto
Gofhen ; and they came into the land of g a,. 43.8. &«*.
Gofhen. l6_34-
29 And Jofeph made ready his chariot, 3

i Or, prince.
a 1 Chr. 7. 6— 12. &
viii. Num. 26. 38.
—40. & 1. 11, 36^
37. uithch.49.17..
Deut. 33. 12.
$ Ahiram.
II Shuphan, or Shup-
pim.

bCh.;c.6.&3C.2j. & 49. 16, 17. Deut.
33. 22. Num. 26.
42, 43. & 1. 12,
36, 39- & ™- »5-
I Chr. -2. 2. & 7.
12. & 12. 35.

cCh 3o.7,,8. &35.
25. & 49. 21.
Deut 3J. 23.
Num. 1. 15, 42,
4;. & :6. 48, 49,
1 Chr. 2. 2. &7.
13. & 12. 34.
2 Km. 15. 29.
dCh.30. 3— 8.&j$.
22,25. Exod. 1.2.
1 Chr. 2. 2.
e Heb. tbkb, Exod.
1.5. Gen. 35. 11.

15, 18, 22, 25.
Acts 7. 14.
4. There were
fixty-fix, exclth
five of Jacob, and
of Jofeph A' d his
two fons, ard fe-:
venty, thefe -our
being int hided.

'ofeph directs his brethren.

CHAP. XLVI. XLVII. Jacob andfons appear before Pharaoh.

Before Chrift
1705.

i Ch. 45, 28
z. 29.

3c Ch. 47.

i Kin. 9. 27. & 18.
S,6-

» Ch. 47. 2, 3.

and went up to meet Ifrael his father to
~ Gofhen, artd prefented himfelf uiito him ;
*S,'"'.s'.w%*' and ne '' feM on his neck, and wept on his
*°- "• neck a good while.
30 And Ifrael faid unto Jofeph, Now
1 let me die, fince I have feen thy face,
becaufe thou art yet alive.
3 1 ^[ And Jofeph faid unto his bre
thren, and unto his father's houfe, I will
go up, and fhew Pharaoh, and fay unto
him, k My brethren, and my father's
houfe, which were in the land of Canaan,
are come unto me ;
32 And the men are fhepherds, for
'"^ffch^; l their trade hath been to feed cattle ; and
' they have brought their flocks, and their
herds, and all that they have.
22 m And it fhall come to pafs, when
Pharaoh fhall call you, and fhall fay,
What is your occupation ?
34 That ye fhall fay,Thy fervants' trade
hath been about cattle from our youth
even until now, both we and alfo our
fathers : that ye may dwell * in the land
of Gofhen ; for n every fhepherd is an
abomination unto the Egyptians.
CHAP. XLVII.
Here, ( 1 ) After informing Pharaoh of their arrival,
Jofeph prefents five of his brethren before him, who
declare their calling, and beg leave-to reflde in Gofhen,
where they now were ; I — 4. (2) He prefents Ja
cob his father; who, after informing Pharaoh of his
age and diftrefs, bleffeth that monarch; 7 — IO. (3) Au-
thorified by Pharaoh, Jofeph fettles his father and
brethren in the land of Gofhen, and provides for them
there; 5, 6, 11, 12. (4) By a moft prudent and
equitable fiale of the corn which he had treafured up,
he renders the money, the cattle, the land, that of the
priefts excepted, and even the perfons of the Egyptians,
the property of the king ; 13 — 26. (5) After about
feventeen years refidence in Egypt, Jacob, apprehen-
ftve of his approaching death, takes an oath of Jofeph,
that he fhall bury him in his father's fepulchre at
Machpelah in Canaan; 27 — 31.

* In Gofhen they
would be near
Canaani and
would live
much feparated
from the wicked
Egyptians. .
n Ch. 43. 32. Exod.
«.se.

Reflections upon Chap. XLVI. — Learn, my foul, to be
gin all thy thankfgivtngs with the beginnings of thy mercies ; and
let me worfhip God as not only my own, but alfo the God of my
fathers. In all the changes of thy lot confult the Lord's direc
tion, and Supplicate his prefence. It is fafe to go any where on
earth if his everlafting arms be about me, his covenant eftablifhed
with me, and his comforts delighting my foul. — God's promifes,
though they lie long under ground, will fpring up, bud, and ripen
at laft. Let me therefore always take care of my whole family,
and live in the firm aflurance that on Jefus is the care of all the

Before Chrift
1705.

45- '6-

b Ch. 46. 28, 34. It
lay on the north-
eaft of E-ypt,weft
of the Red-jea.

* Jacob and his fons
intended only to
fcjourn inGofhca
till Ihe famine
fhould be over;
but the kindnefs
which they je-
ccived encom aged
themtoeontir.uci
and at laft ihs
Egyptians render
ed their poite.-icy
flaves, and forced
them to Hay.

THEN * Jofeph came arid told Pha
raoh, and faid, My father and my a ch. 46.3
brethren, and their flocks, and their herds,
and all that they have, are come out of
the land of Canaan ; and, behold, they
are in b the land of Gofhen.
2 And he took fome of his brethren,
even five men, and prefented them unto
Pharaoh. 3 And Pharaoh faid unto his brethren,
c What is your occupation? And they cj£w.'l.3'»?rAcr.
faid unto Pharaoh, Thy fervants are
fhepherds, both we and alfo our fathers.
4 They faid moreover unto Pharaoh,
For to fojourn in the land are we come '" ;
for thy fervants have no pafture for their
flocks, for the famine is fore in the land
of Canaan : now therefore, we pray thee,
let thy fervants dwell in the land of
Gofhen. 5 And Pharaoh fpake unto Jofeph,
faying, Thy father and thy brethren
are come unto thee :
6 The land of Egypt is d before thee ; in *£&¦».*"¦*
the c beft of the land make thy father and ech.45-1M-0.vcr.
brethren to dwell; in the land of Gofhen
let them dwell : and if thou knoweft any
f men of activity amongft them, then make f^lh.%
them rulers over my cattle.
7 And Jofeph brought in Jacob his
father, and fet him before Pharaoh : and
Jacob e bleffed Pharaoh.
8 And Pharaoh faid unto Jacob, * How
old art thou ?
9 And Jacob faid unto Pharaoh, h The
days of the years of my pilgrimage are an ^fbmnmvm
hundred and thirty years : ' few and evil %£$£%,
have the days of the years of my life been, ^"tfg *
and have not attained unto the k days of * «»l,&t,.^£
the years of the life of my fathers in the fo^f^IU
days of their pilgrimage. k a. w &«•»«•

g This may include,
(1) faluting him,
2 Sam, 8. io. 2 Kin.
4. 29. (2) prayer
for ^ his welfare,
Num. 6. 23,24.(3)
giving him thanks
For his favours,
Mat. 26. 26. Luke

churches. Let me hope that, though my beginnings be fmall,
they will, in God's, time, greatly, and even quickly, increafe.
Wherever I am, in ftation or in place, let me attend to its rela
tive duties, giving honour to whom honour is due; and let me ne
ver be afhamed of an honeft calling, but endeavour therein to abide
with God. Be it my care and happinefs to live always near the
heavenly ftate, and as little connected with carna^ and worldly
men as poffible ; that when it pleafes God to call me hence, I may
be willing and ready at his bidding.
L 2

Jofeph fupplies his father andthe Egyptians.- GENESIS.

Jacob's requeflfor his. burial.

Before Chrift
17°5-
1 Exod. i. it. & 12.
37, with John 17.
2. &'o. 10,28. 8c
14.2, 3. & 17.24.

m Exod. 20. 12.
I Tim. 4. 8.
1 Jr.h > ,. 17, ,8.
X Or, as alhtle child
is ni unfiled.
r. rieb.acccrdinp to the
l.tile ones, ch. 50.
21. I Thef. 2, 7.

I702.

• Mat. 6. 11. ver. 18,
19, 24. I Sam. 21.
3. & 25. 8. Judg.
8. 5, 8.
p Phil. 4. 8. Rom,
12..17. I Cor. 10,
32.

^ Exod. a. 3, 19. Job
2. 4. Mat. 6. 24.

• Sixth of tKe fa
mine.
1 2 Kin, 6, 26. Jer.
38.9. 1701.

10 And Jacob blefled Pharaoh, and
went out from before Pharaoh.
1 1 % And Jofeph * placed his father
and his brethren, and gave them a pofTef-
fion in the land of Egypt, in the beft of
the land, in the land of Ramefesr as Pha
raoh had commanded.
12 And Jofeph m nourifhed his father,
and his brethren, and all his father's
houfehold, with- bread, * according n to
their families.
1 3 % And there was no bread in all the
land: for. the famine was very fore, fo
that the land of Egypt, and all the land
of Canaan, fainted by reafon of the fa
mine. 14 And Jofeph gathered up all the
money that was found in the land of
Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, for
the corn which they bought : and Jofeph
brought the money into Pharaoh's houfe.
1 5 And when money failed in the land
of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, all
the Egyptians came unto Jofeph, and faid,
0 Give us bread : for why fhould we die
in thy prefence ? for the money faileth.
1 6 And Jofeph faid, p Give your cattle ;
and I will give you for your cattle, if
money fail.
1 7 And they brought their i cattle unto
Jofeph : and Jofeph gave them bread in
exchange for horfes, and for the flocks,
and for the cattle of the herds, and for
the affes : and he fed them with bread
for all their cattle for that year.
. 1 8 When that year was ended, they
came unto him the * fecond year, and faid
unto him, r We will not hide it from my
lord, how that our money is fpent ; my
lord alfo hath our herds of cattle ; there is
not ought left in the fight of my lord, but
our bodies, and our lands:
19 Wherefore fhall we die before thine
*yes, both we and our land ? buy us and
our land for bread, and we and our land
will be fervants unto Pharaoh : and give
us feed, that we may live and not die,
that the land be not defolate.
20 And Jofeph bought all the land of
Egypt for Pharaoh ; for the Egyptians

fold every man his field, becaufe the fa
mine prevailed over them : fo the land
became Pharaoh's.
2 1 And as for the people, * he removed
them to cities from one end of the borders
of Egypt even to the other end thereof.
22 Only the land of the + priefts bought
he not : s for the priefts had a portion
affigned them of Pharaoh, and did eat their
portion which Pharaoh gave them ; where
fore they fold not their lands.
23 % Then Jofeph faid unto the people,
Behold, I have bought you this day and
your land for Pharaoh : lo, here is { feed
for you, and ye fhall fow the land.
24 And it fhall come to pafs in the
increafe, that ye fhall give u + the fifth part
unto Pharaoh, and four parts fhall be your
own, for feed of the field, and for your
food, and for them of your houfeholds*
and for food for your little ones.
25 And they faid, Thou x haft faved
our lives : let us y find grace in the fight
of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh's
" fervants. 26 And Jofeph made it a law over the
land of Egypt unto this day, that Pharaoh
fhould have the fifth part; except the land
of the + priefts only, Wibich became not
Pharaoh's. 27 ^[ And Ifrael dwelt in the land of
Egypt, in the country of Gofhen ; and
they had poffeffions therein, and grew,
and z multiplied exceedingly.
28 % And Jacob lived in the land of
Egypt feventeen years : fo " the whole
age of Jacob was an hundred forty and
feven years.
29 And the time drew nigh that Ifrael
a muft die : and he called his fon Jofeph,
and faid unto him, If now I have found
grace in thy fight, b put, I pray thee, thy
hand under my thigh, and deal kindly
and truly with me ; bury me not, I pray
thee, in Egypt :

Before Chrift
1701.

* Jofeph removed
the Egyptians far
from their own
lands, left they
fhould afterwards
claim the, proper.
ty ofthem. ,
f Or, princes.
s Jofh. xxi. Ezra 7.
24.

tMat.14.4s.PC4,. I. Prov. 13.21. &
II. 26. If. 55. 10.
Eccl. II. fi"

uPr.41. I.&IU.J.
ver. 25. ^
fin requiring, but a
fifth part, he dealt
mercifully with
them, and faith.
fully for the king,.

xCh.6. 19. &4S.7.
& 50. 20.
yCh. 33.15. &18.J.,
Ruth z. 13.

II Farmers.

% Or, frinttt.

zCh.lS. 14.&46-?.
&9- 7. Exod. 1,7.
Deut. 26. 5. PI.
loj. 24.
1689.
U Heb. thedaysoflh
years of his iift.

a Ch. 3. 19. 1 Sam.
14. 14. Heb. 9. 27.
Job 30. 23. Pf. 85.
48. £49. 7,9.6
0.23.
b Ch. 24. 1.
c Heb. II. 21. ch.
49, 29. & 50. 12—
14. *5-
•Jacob and the ether
patriarchs defire*
to be butied io
o But f« will lie withmy fathers, and SHtfpSffi
would bring their
pofterity to the
full poffeffion
thereof: and to.
manifeft their de-
fire and expecta
tion of the hea
venly inheritance
thereby typiluA

thou fhalt carry me out of Egypt, * and
bury me in their burying-place. And he
faid, 1 will do as thou haft faid.
3 1 And he faid, Swear unto me. And

A1

Jacob's fcknefs, and Jofep/fs viflt. CHAP.
Be(^ift he fware unto him. And a Ifrael bowed
ic».M.*6-Heb.ii. himfelf upon the bed's head.
IwEankf C ? A ,P- XLVIII.
God for his pro- Here, (i) Hearing of his father' s ficknefs, fofeph goes
mifc'.andlorthe •>-, 7 • , /, /¦ , / i J f 1 !•
fbcurity jofeph to vifit btm, ana takes his two fons along with him ;
Wjgjau-tv h 2. (2) jpr a rehearfial of God's bleffing him
at Luz, Jacob adopts, and folemnly bleffes Jofeph's
fons, Manaffeh and Ephraim ; and, notwithftanding
their father's interpofltion, prefers Ephraim the
younger; 3 — 20. (3) In the affured faith of God' s
bringing his feed back to Canaan, he bequeaths a par
ticular fipot of it to Jofeph; 21, 22.
ND it came to pafs, after thefe
things, that one told Jofeph, Be
hold, thy father is fick. And he took
with him his two fons, Manaffeh and
Ephraim. 2 And one told Jacob, and faid, Be
hold, thy fon Jofeph cometh unto thee.
And Ifrael ftrengthened himfelf, and fat
upon the bed..
ach.28.i2-i9.& 3 tj And Jacob faid unto Jofeph, a God
Almighty appeared unto me at Luz in
the land of Canaan, and bleffed me,
* A&n-t'tS 4 And faid unto me> Behold, b I will
fs'ti.&'Js.^&make thee fruitful, and multiply thee,
Sfii^inhtSt and 1 will "make of thee a multitude of
fpirTtuailedVS people ;- and will give this land to thy feed
!|Lritan«vefor after thee, for an everlafting poffeffion.
cch.41.5c. &46. 5 And now thy c two fons, Ephraim
and Manafleh, which were born unto thee
in the land of Egypt, before I came unto
thee into Egypt, are mine ; as Reuben
"ribefwot,0,^. and Simeon, they fhall be d mine.
1. k''3*2V-35.°& 6 And thy iffue, which thou begetteft
26. 28—37. Thy . ¦ n "
Mbe'Spo. after them, fhall be thine, and fhall be
fcendaItsof1Epdh." called after the name of their brethren in

XLVIII.

Jacob bleflfeth Jofeph s fons.

raim and Ma- ... ,
naireh. their inheritance

7 And as for me, when I came from

Before Chrift
1689.

UlltO Ra*el bJngdead,
I have no hopes or
children.

Padan, e Rachel died by me in the land
of Canaan, in the way, when yet there e ch. 35- 19- 1 s>m-
7 ¦> ' J 10. 2. Vat. 1. 18.
was but a little way to com
Ephrath : and I buried her there in the mofQ
way of Ephrath ; the fame is Beth-lehem.
8 f And Ifrael beheld Jofeph's fons,
and faid, Who are thefe ?
9 And Jofeph faid unto his father,
They are my fons, whom f God hath fCpr:\°f- ft '„'¦,£
given me in this place. And he faid, zf%\ 1S' 5' &
Bring them, I pray thee, unto me, and
I will s blefs them. gch.27.4.&28.3.
10 (Now the eyes of Ifrael were h dim hHebw,,*,^.
V •' I. I Sam. 3.2. with.
for age, fo that he could not fee.) And Dcut-H-7-
he brought them near unto him ; and he
kiffed them, and embraced them.
1 1 And Ifrael faid unto Jofeph, ' I had i^:I7p,1"3.t,f''
not thought to fee thy face':- and, lo,
God hath fhe wed me alfo thy feed.
12 And Jofeph brought them out from.
between his knees, and he bowed k him- fcCh.i8.i.&T.i9.
7 Exod. 20. 12. Lev.
felf with his face to the earth. i^t^r™:
1 2 And Jofeph took them both, Ephraim Inc^ohSfXr;
,-; . J, K - 1 T .. *, 1 - and in lhanklul-,
in his right hand towards ilrael s left nefs for the ho.
hand, and Manaffeh in his left hand to- £»"
wards Ifrael's right hand;, and brought
them near unto him.,
14 And Ifrael ftretched out his right
hand, and laid it upon Ephraim's head,
who was the younger, and his left hand 1 ch.4i.si.&4«.
J O ' # . 20. ver. 18.
upon Manaffeh's head; guiding his hands mHeh.11.21.ch.27,
O D 4. & 28. 3. & 49.
wittingly; for Manafleh was the 'firft- born. *»¦ »=«¦ a- 1.
1 c And m he bleffed Jofeph, and faid, "g^"'^6'?:
_ J , - , /• 1 a 1 1 6. Pf. 16. 8. 1 C3r.
God, before whom my fathers Abraham ^Yf^-J-
and Ifaac did n walk, the God which fed o^c";i^- '
me. ail my life long unto this day, °^'AlL"ili
16 The ° angel which redeemed me "-^icor.io,.

Reflections upon Chap. XLVII. — Let me never be afham-
ed of my relations, however low they be in ftation, if they -be ho-
neft : nor let me ever be an idler, an inactive perfon, either in
church or ftate. Activity and ingenuity in my profeffion are the
way to preferment. What though man's days be lhortened, and filled
up with troubles, yet my life on earth, whether perplexed or profper-
«us, is but a pilgrimage to the better country above. In the mean
while let me highly efteem, as a bleffing, the prayers of fuch as
fear -God : and, if he put me into power, let- my care be to do
good to all, efpecially to thofe of the houfehold of faith. Let mercy,
as well as equity, run through all my conduct. But go where j

will, and enjoy what I may, let me keep fight of the promifes, and
of the everlafting abodes : and,, though for a while I content my
felf v. ith this world as a lodging, let my care, my hope, be to go
to the heavenly Canaan at my death, and be with Chrift, which is
far better. Even here alfo let me behold him prefenting an eleft
world of his brethren before the great King, the Lord of riofts,
and preparing manfions for them : — behold him as giving out of
his unbounded ftores all the neceffary bleffings of -time and eter
nity, not for ourmoney, our cattle, our land, our-perfons,but freely,
according to the exceeding riches of his grace ; and by his oath con
firming the promifes of our prefent peace and everlafting happinefs !

Chap. XLVIII. Ver. 14. Laying on of'hands was ufed, (1) in bleffing a perfon ;
Mat. xix. 15. (2) In transferring the guilt of offenders on the facrifices offered for
them, and devoting them to God's fervice; Lev. i. 4. and xvi. 31. (3) In judging,
Condemning, anil puniihing; Lev. xxiv. 14. (4) In the miraculous cusing ol" eif-

tempers ; Mark
xxviii. 5
viii. 17. and
xxvii. 18. 23. Deut

and xvi. 1?

Afls xix. 11. arid

. Luke iv.. 40. and xiii. ij.
(5} In conferring the miraculous influence of the Holy Ghoft ; Aits
d xix. 6. (6) In ordination of men to office; Num. viii. 10. 29. anil
9. Aits vi, d.. and, xiv.. 2-3.

(6)
xxxiv.

Jacob prefers Ephraim the younger^,

G E N E S I S.

and, dying, convenes his fons.

T'e%Cg.:,a: from all evil, blefs the lads; and let my
'p v«. j. D^t.i8. pname be named on them, and the, name
'"¦-.7.14.

'8, 34, 37- J°lh-
»7-- >7-

jer. ,4„<,.- 0f my fathers Abraham and Ifaac : and
q^i?">m.e"6: let them 1 grow into a multitude in the
mldft of the earth.
17 And when Jofeph faw that his
father laid his right hand upon the head
-of Ephraim, it difpleafed him : and he
held up his father's hand, to remove it
from Ephraim's head unto Manaffeh' s
head. 1 8 And Jofeph faid unto his father,
Not fo, my father : for this is the firft-
born ; put thy right hand upon his head.
19 And his father refufed, and faid,
I know it, my fon, I know it : he alfo

r zlfl N°um!',& fhall become a people, and he alfo fhall
01'Ephr^m 4" ° be great : but truly his r younger brother
came greatelt mO J J V>
SnTrtignilVT'' maH be greater than he, and his feed fhall

o&ofcun™"", become a multitude of nations.
and Jeroboam, the
firft king of firacl,
being of it. Num.

20 And he bleffed them that day,
jiirf.la.iiP1' faying, In thee fhall Ifrael blefs, faying,
s Ruth. 4. 11, 12. s God make thee as Ephraim and as Ma
nafleh : and he fet Ephraim before Ma
naffeh.
x ?-£$*£?¦ 2 1 f And Ifrael fakl unto Jofeph, * Be-
Luke2.Tr,'. ioih. hold, I die ; but God fhall be with you,
xxin. xxiv. Deut. * . J "
i-xxxiii. aacj Dring yOU again unto the land of
your fathers.
71 D^t] 21** m": 22 Moreover, I have given u to thee
cii'. y. It wi-ii one portion above thy brethren, which I

iJ'tflvLlvc'- took out of the hand of the Amorite with
covered by force
irom thofe Ca-
riaardtes who
.jobbed me of it.

^ my fword and with my bow.
C H A P. XLIX.

A
Here, (1) The dying patriarch Jacob affembles his
twelve fons to 'hear his laft words, defcribing their
future 'fate; 1,2. (2) In bleffing them, he foretells
that Reuben' s inceft flnould be punifhed with the in-

Reflections upon Chap. XLVIII. — It is becoming,, and
highly profitable, for children to viiit their godly parents in their
dying moments : and while it is neceffary for parents to make their
laft wills with the greatelt exadtnefs, that there may be no difputes
relative to them after they are dead, it is peculiarly ufeful and pleafant
for them to commemorate at fuch a time God's former kindneffes
to their foul. How encouraging is it to found our prayers for,
and our expectations of, the profperity of our friends upon the pro
mifes of God, intimated to ourfelves ! and how pleafant to think of
fuch deceafed friends as we hope to mp.'St in glory ! The favours of
God often exceed the hopes of his people, and fweetly compel them
to the moft abundant praife ! and what a mercy is redemption

flability and meannefs of his tribe ; 3, 4- That Si-- l6g0.
meon and Levi's murder of the Shechemites fhould be —————
marked in thedifperfion of their pofterity among the
other tribes'; 5 — 7'. That Judah' s family fhould be
come moft numerous and powerful : fhould enjoy a
country abounding with wine and milk : fhould long
bear rule over the reft ; and at laft give birlh to the
Meffiah; 8—12. That the Zebulunites fhould in
habit the coaft near Zidon, and trade by fea; 13.
That the poflerity of Iffachar fhould chiefly live by
hufibandry and the breeding of cattle, regardhfs of
taxes impofed on them; 14, 15. That the Danites
fhould maintain their freedom, and craftily, conquer
their enemies ; 16, 17. That tfce Gadites fhould. be
exceedingly expofed to invafions, and in their turn fpoil
their invaders ; 19. That the country of After fhould
abound with excellent corn and delicious fruits ; 20.
That the Naphtalites fhould be diftinguifhed for alert-
nefs, court efy, and peacefulnefs ; 21. That Jofeph's
pofterity fhould be exceedingly numerous, honoured,
and powerful ; 22 — 26 . That the Benjamites fhould
be noted warriors in the firft and laft periods of the gpf. ^ ^ ^ ^
Jewifh ftate; 27. (3) Having^ thus bleffed their Heb. 10. 24, 25.
tribes, he charges them to bury him with his friends ^ ham ' _
in Canaan, and dies ; 28—33. '4- & i°j. is-
c Future times,
AN D Jacob called unto his fons, and 4-|o^|Dg:
faid, a Gather yourfelves together, l.^v^z.zl
that I b may tell you that which fhall befall d Exod. 20. ,2.
1 ,-<• n 1 Prov. 1.8. &2. I.
you in the laft days. |-££&v£t
2 Gather yourfelves together, and ^i.»4.&*j-.«.
d hear, ye fons of Tacob ; and hearken e Deut. «. t7. rr.
ti- 1 r 1 78. Si. & ios- 36.
unto Ifrael your father. g>- *s- *¦ fK "6-
2 ^T Reuben, thou art my firft-born % f Reuben was be-
~t • , 11 1 ¦ • r gotten in the vi-
my * might, and the beginning of my f^^fa\
ftrength, the excellency of dignity, and gSi
the excellency of power :
4 Unliable as water, g thou flialt not gHeb.'& ..*«»«
excel, becaufe thou h wenteft up to thy vwlitAtk.
father's bed ; then defiledft thou it : he *tdf*?<>%
went up to my couch. hch. 35-«-ici>r.
_ i, J , T . . . , 5. 1. 1 Cor. 5. 1.
5 ^| bimeon ana .Levi are brethren; s c-h; M. JS, J0. &
'" inftruments of cruelty are in their habi- 40'.rc,n'.leec
* Or, their -jvjardiwe.
weapons of violence.

had the ori- '
! aim Co pre-
cedeicc in dignity
and power. Deut.
21. 27.

tations.

Chap. XLIX. Ver 4. Whatever power or dignity the Reubenites had at' firit,
they quickly loltit; Num. x. 18 — 21. Join. iv. 12, 13. and xxii. with Judg. v. 15, 16.

through Jefus' blood ! It relifhes in a dying hour, and is fweeter
than honey and the honey-comb. Surely it becomes thofe who
have fhared it to mention the fame, and bear teftimony for God,
for the encouragement of others whom they leave behind. How
the fovereignty of God fhine?, in preferring one perfon or family
to another! But rejoice, my foul, that the Lord hath made us
Gentiles fruitful in the land of our afHiclion. He hath bleffed our
church with numbers and privileges far fuperior to thofe of Ifrael,
his firft-born. In infinite rcurcy, when our godly relations forfake
us by death, our God remains with us ! Nay, fince Jefus has left
us, by going to the Father, the Lord the Spirit fupplies his place,-
to guard and guide us to the promifed inheritance.

1 Chron. xv. 18 — 26. They never rendered themfelves famous by any noted exploit}
nor did .my judg-, king, or prophet, that we knowotj proceed from among them.

Jacob, in his laft words, foretells CHAP
6 O my foul, come not thou into their
k fecret ; unto their affembly, mine l ho-

XLIX.

the fate of his poflerity.

Ch. ift Before
1689.

kjcr. IS- 17- Pf-64
2,5. * 16. 9-
IPf. tt,.cj.lc -ti. n
&57.S.
m Ch. 34. 25 *8-
$ Or, houghed oxen,
n 1 Sam. 13- IS-

nour, anger

be. not thou united : for in their
they m flew a man, and in their
felf- will they + digged down a wall.
7 -Curfed be their " anger, for it was
fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel :
{%:llv.fX\ I will ° divide them in Jacob, and.fcatter
"i" them in Ifrael.
8 ^[ Judah, thou art he whom- thy bre
thren fhall p praife : thy hand fhall be
q in the neck of thine enemies ; thy fa
ther's children fhall bow down before
thee. 9 Judah is r a lion's whelp : from the
prey,, my fon, thou art gone up : he
s ftooped down, he couched as a lion,
s Num. 23. 24. & and as an old lion; who fhall roufe him
him up ?
tFlt,tu.&Z so- The ' fceptre fhall not depart from
zecE'ian!'1' Judah, nor a lawgiver from u between
T'loHa 2 his feet' until Sh"oh come; and unto
Lm^'Lute aim jhzll the * gathering of the people
1.32,33. PI. 72. 8 Lp
—11. Rev. 11. 15. (/t» 1 1 y Binding his fole unto the vine, and
his afs's colt unto the choice vine ; he
&of.i.'Re"'i9. wafhed his garments in wine, and his
clothes in the blood of grapes :
12 His eyes fhall be red with wine, and
his teeth white with milk.
13 f Zebulun fhall z dwell at the

p Ch. 46. 11. & 29.
55. lChr. 5. 2.
heb. 7. 14.
qNum. 10.-4. Judg.
I. 1,2. 1-1.78. 68
—ft. Pf. I8.4C—
43. 1 Ch.. xii.
I Kin. iv. Phn. 2.
10, 11.
r Num. 23. 24.
2 Sam. 3. 1,7. viii.
X. 2 Chr. xiii. xiv.
XX. xxvi. 1 Cjr.
15. 24.

y, I Kin. 4. 20, 23.
Mic. 4. 4. Joel 3.
18. John 15. 1. Ii:
5.1,2. 0C27.2, 3
&2 '

2 Ch. 30. 20, Deut.
33. 18. Jolh. 19.
10 — 15. Ti ey-had
a great trade with
Tyre and Zidon.

haven of" the fea ; and" he fhall be for an
haven- of fhips ; and his border fhall be
unto Zidon.
14 ^[ a Iffachar is a ftrong afs, couching
down between two burdens :
1 5 And he faw that b reft was good,
and the land that // was pleafant ; and
bowed his fhoulder to bear, and became
a fervant unto tribute.
16 % Dan fhall c judge his people, as
one of the tribes of Ifrael.
1 7 Dan fhall be a d ferpent by the way,
an adder in the path, that biteth the
horfe-heels, fo that his rider fhall fall
backward. 18 e I have waited for thy falvation,
O Lord. 19 % Gad, f a troop fhall overcome
him : but he fhall overcome at the laft.
20 % Out of Afher * his bread fhall be
fat, and he fhall yield royal dainties.
2 1 % Naphtali is h a hind let lqofe :
he giveth goodly words.
32 ^[ Jofeph is a *¦ fruitful bough,
even a fruitful bough by a well ; whofe
branches run over the wall:
23 The k archers have forely grieved
him, and fhot at him, and hated him :
24 But his ' bow abode in ftrength,
and the arms of his hands were made
ftrong by the hands of the mighty God

Before Chrift
1680..

a See ch. 46. 13. 8s''
30. 14—18. Deut.
33. IS.

b Refting-p'ace, ch. 8.9. PC 176.7.
&132. 8. Jofh. 19.
17-23.

cCh. 30.6. &4S. 23.
NaiM0.2c.Ju 15.
.\-|i— xvi. IV'U.53.
Zl. jVlh. 19. ^j — .
47.
d Judg. xv.xvi.xviii.
D^ut. 33. 22..

ePf. 130. S.&62. t,
5- II. 26, S & 25.
9- & 8. 17. Mic. 7.
7- Lulce r, 30. Pf.
119. i65.
fCh. 30.11. &d6.i5„
Num xxxii. Deut.
33-20. Judjr.x.xi.
1 Chr. 5. 18—22.
g Deut. 35. 24. fee
ch. 46. 17. Jolh..
19-24—31-
h Deut. 33. 23. Judg.
4- 6, 10. & 5. 18.
with 11,46. 24. &
3". 8. Jolh. ig.
32—39.
i See ch. 30. 22—24.
& 46. 27. & 48. 7,
5,19,20. Jolh. xvi.
xvii. Num. xxxii.
Deut. 33. 17, jofh,
17- 14, 17- Pf- 1.3. -
kCh. 37.4, ,8, 28..
& 39-7— 20. John
16. 33. Adls 14.22.
I Job 29. 20. Pf. 44.
7. & iS. 1, J2, 34.
3c 28. 8. & So. 21.
Zech. 10. 12'.
Rom. 14. 4.

Ver. -6. They digged down the "walls of the houfe where Hamor and Shechem fe
cured themfelves ; or they feized upon oxen, and carried them oft' for a fpoil.
Ver. 7. The Simeon, ces had their inheritance in Canaan out of the lot ofjudah ;
Jolh. xix. 1 — g. this being too fmall for them, they had to feize for themfelves
9>art of Arabia; 1 Chron. iv. 39 — 45; and it is faid that many of them difperfed
themfelves among the other tribes, in the character of teachers. The Levites
' lived fcattered among all the other tribes ; and were the fpiritual inftruclors of their
.brethren, and the collegers of the facred revenues; Jofli. xxi. 1 Chron. vi. xxiii —
xxvi. Ver.^8 — 12. The tribe ofjudah was the moft numerous and powerful of all;
Num. i. 27. and xxvi. 22. 2 Sam. xxiv. 9. 2 Chron. xiv. 8. and xvii. 14 — 16. To
them their fellow-tribes often fubmitted themfelves ; Judg. i. 2. and iii. 9, 10. and
*x. 18; chiefly under David -and Solomon; 1 Chron. xii. 1 Kings iv; many indivi
duals of thefe adhered to them in the days of Rehoboam ; 1 Kings xii. 17. 2 Chron. xi.
30, 17; Afa, 2 Chron. xv. 9. and xvi. 6. and xvii. a; Hezekiah, 2 Chron. xxx.
JI ; and after their return from Babylon ; Ezek. xxxvii. 1 5 — 22. The tribe of B- n-
jamin almoft always adhered to them. In the march of the tribes, and in their going
forth to war, God appointed them the precedence ; Num. x. 14. Judg. i. 2. and xx.
18. Thenrftof the judges was one of them; Judg. iii. 9, 10. The only kings, that
ever God in mercy granted to the Hebrew nation, were of them; 1 Sam. xvi. 2 Sam.
vii. Pfal. hsxxix. — Their conquefts and fpoils were peculiarly remarkable ; Judg. i.
2 Sam. iii. 1. and viii. x. xxi. 2 Chron. xiii. xiv. xx. xxvi. Ifa. xxxiii. 4. and
xxxvii. 36. In Canaan they had the firft lot of the country affigned them ; it was
very extenfive and fertile ; it abounded with vines and paftnres, which rendered wine
and^ milk almoft as common as water. — But the predictions refpedting this tribe have
their principal accomplishment in Jefus Chrift, who is the Lion of the tribe of Judah,
to whom God hath given all power in heaven and in earth ; Mat. xxviii. 18 " Plal.
Ixxii. and whom he hath commanded all men to adore ; John v. 22, 23. Phil. ii. 9-—
11. He conquers all his and his people's enemies; Col. ii. 14, 15. Pfal. ex. He
beftows a fulnefs of grace and glory upon his people; Pfal. lxviii. 12. 18. He is the
'•rue vine, who prepares tor his people the wine and milk of gofpel- truths, ordinances,

influences, and bleflings; Ifa. lv. 1. Joel iii. 18. He is called Shiloh, that is, the
Author of our peace, profperity, and falvation ; Ifa. ix. 6, 7. Mic. v. 5. Eph. ii. 14..
Jer. xxiii. 6. Mat. i. 21. Till he came in the flefli ; Mat. i. Luke xi. The tribe
of Judah not only retained its diftindt form as a tribe, (which none of the reft, no
not that of Benjamin, properly did) but retained a governing power in its princes,,
judges, kings, deputies of. the Chaldean, Perfian, and Grecian, monarchs, Maccabc-art
governors or kings, or in the fanhedrim, or great counfel of their elders. Scarcely
had Jefus appeared in the lieih, when Judea was altogether reduced into a Roman
province, having no fovereign but the Roman emperor; John xix. 17, 15. No fooner
had the gathering of the Gentiles to Sbiloh taken place, by the fpread of the gofpel,
than the city and temple of Jerufalem were deftroyed, the constitution of their church
and ftate diffolved,. ar.d themfelves fcattered. as vagabonds, among all nations, to be
ftanding witneffes for many generations, that he is come.
Vtr. 16, 17. Though the Danites-.wcie the offspring of a concubine, they had ns
much power as the other tribes fprung of free women. They haraffed the, Philiftines
in Sampfon and others; Judg. xiii — xvi. But they proved a ftumMing-block to the
other tribes by their idolatry; Judg. xviii. 29 — 31.
Ver. 18. I pray for, and expett, the promifed deliverance's to myfelf and pofterity, ,
but efpecially that fpiritual and eternal falvation, to be accompljlhed by the Son of God
in human nature, .
Ver. 19. The Gadites were exceedingly expofed to the invafions and ravages of
the Ammonites, Arabians, Syrians, Affyrians, &c. Judg. x. 8. 1 Sam. xi. 1, 2,
2 Kings x. 33. and xv. 29. 1 Chron. v. 26.
Ver. 22. Jofeph's pofterity f Head 'lemfelves far and wide, dwelling on both fides
of Jordon; Jofn. x i. 6. xiii. 7. and xvi. 17.
Ver. 24. Jofeph's graces continued firm; enabling him to withftand temptations,-
endure injuries, and perform duties: and his honours were fecured to him. He was
zfhepherd, to dire cl and provide for the Hebrews in Egypt, and the ftone, under God,
upon whom their happinefs and fafety were founded in that country. Jolhua, who
brought them into Canaan, fprung of him.

Having blsfed and charged his fons,

GENESIS.

Be-Ve Chrift
16S9.
rhCh. 45,7. &47-li-
Jolh. 1— a-c.v.
n Ch. 28. 13. & 35-
II. & 17. 1, Deut.
j,.i,-..7.&2S. \Z. & fa. 7.
e I Cor. 3. 21, 21.
TTim. ei. 8. Mat.
6. 53. Phil- 4. 19.
K.84.11.&S5.IP.

p Hab. 3. 6. Ezek,
37- ^5, 26.

q Ch.j7.28.Pf.i05 17—22. A£ts 7. g

r See ch. 4G. 2T,
Judg. 3. 15—^9-
1 Sam. 11. 6— 11.
& 14- *4» J'».47»
48. & xv. xvii.
Efth. viii.ix. x.
Num. 23. 24.
Ezek. 39. 10.
Zech. 14. 1, 7-
f Every tribe was
blcffcd by their
father with fuch
a blefling as the
Lord intended to
beltowupon them.

gCh. 15,15. Bcz$:2,
Heb. 12. 23.

. 47. 30. & n-
. 19. & 50. 13.

of Jacob : (from thence is the m fhepherd,
the ftone of Ifrael:)
25 Even by the " God of thy father,
who fhall help thee ; and by the Almighty,
who fhall ° blefs thee with bleflings of
heaven above, bleffings of the deep that
lieth under, bleffings of the breafts, and
of the womb :
26 The bleffings of thy father have
prevailed above the bleffings of my pro
genitors, unto the utmoft bound of the
p everlafting hills : they fhall be on the
head of Jofeph, and on the crown of the
head of him that was a feparate from his
brethren. 37 % Benjamin fhall r ravin as a wolf:
in the morning he fhall devour the
prey, and at night he fhall divide the
fpoil. 28 «f[ + All thefe are the twelve tribes
of Ifrael : and this is it that their father
fpake unto .them, and bleffed them;
«very one according to his bleffing he
blefled them.
29 . % And he charged them, and faid
unto them, I am to be s gathered unto
my people : bury me with my fathers in
the cave that is in the field of Ephron the
Hittite, 30 In the cave that is in the field of
Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in
the land of Canaan, l which Abraham

Jacob dies.
Before Chrift
1689.

x Rachel was burie4
near Bethlehem,
ch. 35. ig, 20.
1 Sam. 10. 2. Mat.
2. iD.

bought Math the field of Ephron the
Hittite, for a poffeflion of, a burying-"
place. 31 - There they buried Abraham and "S?^9:*23'"
Sarah his wife ; there they buried Ifaac
and Rebekah his wife ; and there I
buried Leah x.
32 The purchafe of the field, and of
the cave that is therein, was from the
children of Heth.
22 And, when Jacob had made an end
of commanding his fons, r he gathered y Tl^fitt
up his feet into the bed, and yielded up S^'b?**0-**'
the ghoft, and was gathered unto his
people.
CHAP. L.
Here, (i) After embalming Jacob's corpfie, and mourn
ing feventy days, Jofeph, with Pharaoh's permiffion,
carries it in fate to Canaan, where, after feven days
more of lamentation, it is interred at Machpelah ;
1 — 13. (2) Having returned to Egypt, Jofeph's
brethren, pretending their father' s command, fiuppli-
cate forgivenefs of the injury which they had done him;
which he, in the moft affectionate manner, affures
them off; 14 — 21. (3) After a life of no years,
93 of them in Egypt, Jofeph, having encouraged his
brethren's hopes of a return to Canaan, and bound
them with an oath to carry his bones with. them,
dies ; 22 — 26. Thus the book, which began with
the originals of light and life, through fin ends with
darknefs and death.
AN D Jofeph a fell upon his father's »?&£ &*+'' u
face, and wept upon him, and
kiffed him.

Mark 5. 38.
John 11. 35,36.

Reflections upon Chap. XLIX. — How important is the
proper work of a death-bed ! for dying parents folemnly to pray
for, to warn and to direft, their iurviving children, is ufeful and
becoming. The fins of parents often entail difgrace and mifery
upon their pofterity; and the bleffing of God fixes moft remark
ably where, for a time, there is the leaft appearance of it. But the
lots of mankind, even in the fame family, are greatly diverfified.
Let me therefore, firft of all, and above all, make choice of Jefus,
the once promifed Shiloh, and now glorified Lord and Chrift,
and of his falvation, and then be content with fuch things as I
have. Amidft all my work on earth, let me feek and wait for the
falvation of God, that when I have finifhed my courfe I may be
gathered to Jefus and his people above !- — But is not the now-de
parted patriarch a glafs to fhew me my Redeemer? Is not he juftly
named Jacob and Ifrael ? How long expe&ed, earneftly defired,
and fupernatural, was his birth ! Divinely was he chofen to be the
Father of the faved nations of elect men, the peculiar people of
God. He took the firft Adam by the heel, fulfilling the covenant

which he had broken : he fupplanted and overthew Satan and his
works in the world : and, by his bloody fervice and fuffering, he
purchafed his mediatorial heirship of all things. What ineftimable
bleflings he obtained for men, by offering himfelf to God in the
likenefs of finful flefh ! In this his work of love how expofed to
trouble from Jewifh brethren, from Satan, the father of his bride,
and from Jehovah, his offended Father above ! How diftrefsful
his earthly exile ! Hard was his fervice, numerous his forrows, un-
fettled his lot, and remarkable his plainnefs and integrity. What
love he bears to his mother and fpoufe the church ! Faithful was
he in his work, prevalent is he in his interceffion, and glorious and
extenfive is his reward ; for in the multitude of his redeemed he
fhall fee of the travail of his foul and fhall be fatisfied. Having
finifhed his work, and bleffed his difciples, he retired to his reft in
the heavenly Canaan — the midft of the throne of God. And in
numerable multitudes of fpiritual feed fpring from his twelve apo
ftles, thofe dignified patriarchs in the gofpel-church.

Ver. 25. God blefled his pofterity with plenteous rains and dews, with fountains
Gf water, and with multitudes of children, richly fupplied with every enjoyment.
Ver. 26. - Jacob's bleflings excelled thofe of Abraham and Ifaac ; (1) In their ex-
Sent j none of his children being excluded, as Ifliinaci aod Efau had been. (2) In their

diftincl dearnefs : the land of Canaan, which had Ijeen formerly bequeathed in gene»
ral, was now diftributed to Jofeph and hie brethren. (3) In the apparent nearnefs of
fulfilment; his pofterity now increafing faft. — Jofeph was feparated from his brethren;
when he was fold into Egypt, and afterwards by his diftinguUhed honours there.

Jacob's burial.

CHAP. L. Jofeph' s brethren fupplicate forgivenefs.

BeForechriii 2 ^n(j j0feph commanded his fervants
il chr. 16. i4. & the phyficians to b embalm his father :
j.ta9io&3v.14o.' and the phyficians embalmed Ifrael.
3 And forty days were fulfilled for
him; for fo are fulfilled the days of thofe
which are embalmed : and the Egyp-
'c^"s.&'?i.D4°t' tians c mourned for him threefcore and ten
days. 4 ^f And, when the days of his mourn-
iEBh.4-2. jng Were paft, Jofeph d fpake unto the
houfe of Pharaoh, faying, If now I have
e seech, is. 5. e founcJ grace in your eyes, fpeak, I pray
you /in the ears of Pharaoh, faying,

rch, 47.40—31. &
. & 49. 29,

48, 21.
30.

5 ' My father made me fwear, faying,
Lo, I die : in my grave which I have
sIzCs6:mz\%S: s digged for me, in the land of Canaan,
hch. 3.19. Ecd. 12. there fhalt thou h bury me. Now there -
5, 7. Job 30. 23. J
¦litl.'!.9'^ f°re let me go up, I pray thee, and bury
my father, and I will come again.
6 And Pharaoh faid, Go up, and bury
thy father, according as he made thee
fwear. 7 ^[ And Jofeph went up to bury his
father : and with him went up all the
• Dficem, counrei. * fertfants of Pharaoh, the elders of his
houfe, and all the elders of the land of
Egypt, 8 And all the houfe of Jofeph, and his
brethren, and his father's houfe: only
their little ones, and their flocks, and
their herds, they left in the land of
Gofhen. 9 And there went up with him both
chariots and horfemen : and it was a very
great company.
10 And they came to the threfhing-
* jESE&S?.... floor of Atad, which is 'l beyond Jordan,
and there they mourned with a great and
^fLm.'jVij. very fore lamentation : and k he made a
mourning for his father feven days.
1 1 And when ' the inhabitants of the
land, the Canaanites, faw the mourning
in the floor of Atad, they faid, This is a
grievous mourning to the Egyptians :
wherefore the name of it was called

1 Ch. 10. 1 j, 10. 8c
13.7.

?Thati,, r/!i.-»i.r.
inc«,'i/-- F-3i un ,
1 t.i,n. 0. 16.
mF -od.20.12. Eph.
6.1. ch. 47. --9, jo.
& 49. 29, jo.

* Abel-mizraim, which is beyond Jor- Bcri689^lifl
dan. 12 And his fons did unto him m ac
cording as he commanded them :
13 For "his fons carried him into the nAa.
land of Canaan, and buried him in the
cave of the field of Machpelah, which
Abraham ° bought with a field for a °^-nI-';,I?-1!-,f'
poffeffion of a burying-place of Ephron u^-z*^v-
the Hittite, before Mamre.
14 ^[ And Jofeph returned into Egypt,
he and his brethren, and all that went up
with him to bury his -father, after he had
buried his father.
1 5 5T And, when Jofeph's brethren
faw that their father was dead, they faid,
,p Jofeph will peradventure hate us, and p *$: $: riffi.
will certainly requite us all the evil which
we did unto him.
16 And they fent a meflenger unto
Jofeph, faying, Thy father did command
before he died, faying,
17 So fhall ye fay unto Jofeph, 1 For- ^Vs^'liS
give, I pray thee now, the trefpafs of thy II; \f Cc1, 3'
brethren, and their fin ; for they did
unto thee evil : and now, we pray thee,
forgive the trefpafs of the r fervants of r Mark "M1- m«-
o r 10. 42. & 25. 4$.
the God of thy father. And Jofeph wept S&JU6'
when they fpake unto him.
18 And his brethren alfo went and
s fell down before hrs face ; and they faid, ° £h6.?k5.28.*
Behold, we be thy fervants.

19 And Jofeph faid unto them, c Fear tch.4S.e.
not : for * am " I in the place of God ?
20 But, as for you, x ye thought evil
againft me ; but God meant it unto good, u

Cod, to 2--e-ige
inylelf upon ¦. c
lur ihe A. rnn,^,
you did me!'

J u Ch. 30. 2. Job 34,
19 — 29. Deut. 32.

Rom

19.

to bring to pals, as it is this day, to lave I
much people alive. * ^s^pc',,*:
2 1 Now therefore fear ye not : 7 I will V:£° 7"' *' "' '
nourifh you, and your little ones. And y^^v£-?,°™;
he comforted them, and fpake kindly
unto them.
22 *j[ And Jofeph dwelt in Egypt, he l635*„
and his father's houfe : and Jofeph lived
an hundred and ten years.

Chap. L. Ver. 2. ' It has been 'cuftbmary with many nations to embalm the dead
todies of perfons of rank, taking out the bowels, and fo feafoning the body with fait
and fpices, io as to preferve it long from putrefadtion. In Egypt they carried this
art to fuch a degree, that bodies embalmed remained uncorrupted for thoufands of
years ; which are now fometimes fold in Europe, under the name of mummies.
Ver. 3. It was the cuftom of the Egyptians to mourn feventy days for their
dead, and of the Hebrews to mourn feven; 1 Sam. xxxi. 13; and juft' fo long the
Vol. I.

joy of the latter lafted at their folemn weddings 5 chap. xxix. 27. Judg. xiv. 17.
Ver. 10. Bey.jiul "j.rJjn, in the book; of M.iks, denotes the iveft jide of J.,rdar,
as he delivered ins writings on the eaft of it. In other parts of fcripture, the phral'c
denotes the eafl of Jordan, as tin- writers lived on the \vcft of it. Some, however,
think that the Hebrew word fignifies either bcy.r.d or on thsftde.
Ver. 17. j'"jcph ivcpt, pitying their piiilc aty, and grieved at their jealoufy of his
good-will. M

J of ef If $ faith in God' 'j promife.

GENE SI'S.

He dies, and is embalmed.

Before Chrifl
l635-
z Num. 31. 39. ch.
3?- 3- Job 41. 16.
f He fometimes dan
dled thefe grcat-
grandchildicn on
hi 3 knees,
a Ver. 5. Job 30. 23,
Heb. 9. 27. Eccl.
12. 5, 7. Gen. 3.
39. Rom. 5. 12,

23 And Jofeph faw Ephraim's children
of the third generation: z the children alfo
of Machir, the fon of Manaffeh, were
brought up upon Jofeph's + knees.
24 And Jofeph faid unto his brethren,
a I die l and b God will furely vifit you,
and bring you out of this land unto the
he c fware to Abraham, to

feCh. 2T.I.&IC. 14.
& 46. 4. Exod. 4. iaud wmch

cCh 7-

h.i;.7,,8.fti2. Ifaac, and to Jacob.
. & 13. 13, 17. 8c ' J

17. 8. 8c 26. 3. &,28. 13. & 35. 12. & 46. 4. Exod. 33. 1. Num. 32. 11. Deut. 1. 8. & 6. 10. &30. 20.

Reflections upon Chap. L. — With tender affection ought
children and others to take their laft farewell of dying friends ;
and with due care fhould they be decently interred. Yea, in every
cafe it is kind and dutiful, by partaking, to alleviate the forrows of
the afflifted. It is proper that fervants have their mafters' per-
miffion to attend work of their own, be it ever fo neceffary ; nor
fhould that permiflion be withheld upon a reafonable requeft.
What a lofs to a country, what an alarming call to preparation for
eternity, is the death of one of God's chief favourites! But it is
comely to have an amicable correfpondence fettled between friends
on the occafion of the death of their common relations. And it
is altogether unlike a Chriftian to make the death of friends, efpe
cially parents, a mean of commencing ftrife and debate, on ac
count of fome carnal bequeathments. Difficult is the work of

Before Chrift
1635.

25 And d Jofeph took an oath of the
children of Ifrael, faying, God will furely dHeb.6. ns. &^
vifit you, and ye fhall carry up my bones
from hence.
26 % So Jofeph died, being an hundred
and ten years old : and they embalmed
him, and he was put in a coffin in

22. ch. 47.30,31,
ver. 5. Exod. 13.
19. Jolh. 24. 32,
Ac> 7. 16.

Egypt.

quieting a guilty confeience, if thoroughly awakened ! But it were
hard-hearted indeed to refufe forgivenefs of injuries, efpecially
when requefted by fuch-as are at once our brethren, and the fer
vants of the God of our fathers. And when penitential confef-
fions of injury done meetwith a rea"dy forgivenefs from the re
ceiver, it is highly ornamental and becoming; at the fame time it
is neceffary for offenders principally to deal with God himfelf,
through the blood of his Son. But to finifh a religious life in the
vigorous exercifes of faith on God's promifes, and in high friend
fhip with his people, muft be the fummit of the true Chriftian's
defire. Meanwhile, amidft the deaths of ufeful relations, that our
God cannot die, cannot leave us, and can and will deliver us out
of all our diftreffes, is a fource of unfailing comfort and abiding
confolation.

THE

SECOND BOOK of MOSES.

CALLED

X O D U S,

Contains a hiftory of one hundred and forty five years, and therein exhibits the fulfilment of God's promifes to the patriarchs, in
the multiplication of their feed, and their deliverance from bondage in Egypt; and reprefents the eftahlifhment of thofe laws
and ordinances which God required them to obferve as memorials of his favours.— We have here particularly reprefented the
tyranny of Pharaoh king of Egypt; the cruel bondage and marvellous increafe of the Ifraelites ; the birth, education, and
exile, of Mofes ; his and his brother Aaron's divine mijwn to deliver their brethren ; the ten plagues inflicled on the
Egyptians for refufing to let the Ifraelites leave their country ; and their deftruSlion in the Red Sea ; the Hebrews' celebra
tion of the paffover, departure from Egypt, and fafe paffage through the Red Sea; God's fuftenance of them by fiweetened
water, or water from a flinty rock, and by quails and bread from heaven; his laws relative to the paffover, feaft of
unleavened bread, firftlings, manna, &c ; his folemn publication of his moral law from mount Sinai'; his diretlions relative
to their civil and religious conduSt ; his entrance into covenant with them ; chap, i— xxiv ; his diretlions concerning the
tabernacle and its furniture ,. and concerning the apparel and confecration of his priefts ; the Hebrews' idolatrous making and
worfliipping the golden calf; Mofes' intercejion for them, and God's gracious reconcilement by means of it ; their voluntary
contribution for , and atlual making and eretling, the tabernacle and its whole furniture' chap, xxv  xl. There are pet"
haps, more types of Chrifl in this than in any other book in the Bible.

'the Ifraelites in Egypt are oppreffed,

CHAP. I.

but wonderfully freferved and multiplied.

Before Chrift
1635.

CHAP. I.

-35-

a Gen. 19.
£.: -p. I — :\. tx
46 o — 7.6. &C 49.
3-27. & 35- M
—20. ch. 6. 14 —
16. I Chr. 2. 1,2.
8c 11. 1^—40. &
ay. 16—22.

Contains an account, ( 1 ) Of God's kindnefs to the If
raelites in multiplying them exceedingly; I — "]•
(2) Of the Egyptians' cruelty to them on that account,
in oppreffing them with hard labour, and in appoint
ing the midwives and others to murder their male
children; 8 — 16, 18, 22. (3) Of God' 's more abun
dant multiplication of them, and rewarding the mid-
wives' refufal to'inurder their babes; 12, 17 — 21.
OW a thefe are the names of the
children of Ifrael, which came
into Egypt ; every man and his
houfehold came with Jacob.
2 Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah,
3 Iffachar, Zebulun, and Benjamin,
4 Dan, and Naphtali, Gad, and Afher.
5 And all the fouls that came out of
the * loins of Jacob were b feventy fouls ;
f a&j^ for Jofeph was ill Egypt already.
6 And c Jofeph died, and all his bre
thren, and all that generation.
cir. 1635. d j^n(j the children of Ifrael were
*S?&?j. }'.&!£ 'fruitful, and increafed abundantly, and
J'l^&'jifi.li multiplied, and waxed exceeding mighty ;
fdcS%fzi.7' and the land was filled with them.
26,'s.' Neh?9.»3. 8 fl Now there arofe up a c new king
ch. 12. 37- Acts 7. » i-ii t r 1
I7- over Egypt, which knew not Jofeph.
dr. i59i. ^ And ke fa-d untQ ^-g peopie? f ge_
%• »57' ' ' ' hold, the people of the children of Ifrael
rjpro5v.z,4EC2t'f^' are more and mightier than we :
i7'u,'i6mTit.53-3. 10 s-Come on, let us deal wifely with
Num. az. 4, 5. -* . -^
gprov. 1. .1. Aas them ; left they multiply, and it come to
K»n,:22r:6°5'15' pafs that, when there falleth out any
war, they join alfo. unto our enemies, and
hT$T^A: fight againft us, and fo h get them up out
eh. xii. xiv. 0f the land.
1 1 Therefore they did fet over them
^fpi.^&tafk-mafters, to * amid them with their
s' burdens. And they built for Pharaoh
treafure-cities, Pithom and Raamfes.
12 But the more they afflicted them

» Heb. thigh.
b Gen. 46. 27. Deut
10. 22. ' '
c Gen. 50. 24, 26,
Afts 7. IS— 17

Bcut. 26. 6.

k the more they multiplied and grew.
And they were ' grieved becaufe of the
children of Ifrael.
1 3 And the Egyptians made the chil
dren of Ifrael to ferve with m rigour :
14 And they made their lives bitter
with hard bondage, in mortar, and in
brick, and in all manner of fervice in the
field: all their fervice wherein they made
them ferve was with rigour.
15 % And the king of Egypt fpake to
the Hebrew midwives, (of which the
name of the one was Shiphrah, and the
name of the other Puah) ;
1 6 And he faid, When ye do the of
fice of a midwife to the Hebrew women,
and fee them upon the ftools ; if it be a
fon, then ye, fhall n kill him ; but if // be
a daughter, then fhe fhall live.
1 7 But the midwives u feared God, and
did not as the king of Egypt commanded
them, but faved the men-children alive.
1 8 And the king of Egypt called for
the midwives, and faid unto them, i?Why
have ye done this thing, and have faved
the men-children alive ?
, 1 9 And 1 the midwives faid unto Pha
raoh, Becaufe the Hebrew women are not
as the Egyptian women ; for they are
lively, and are delivered epe the midwives
come in unto them.
20 Therefore r God dealt well with the
midwives : and s the people multiplied,
and waxed very mighty.
21 And it came to pafs, becaufe the
midwives feared God, that he 'made them
houfes. 22 % And Pharaoh u charged all his
people, faying, Every fon that is born
ye fhall caft into the river, and every
daughter ye fhall fave alive.

BtVc Chrift
k Pi'. 105. 24. Pro?.
21. 30. Afts 14. Zl.
Rom 8.2S. He'j
12. 6 — 11.
1 Prov. 27. 4. Job 3.
2. fee ver. 9.
mCh.20. 2. 8zz. Z-.
8c 3. 7. Deut. 4.
20. " 8c z(>. 6. Pf.
68. 13. & 81. 6.
Gen. 15. 13. Acts
7. ig.

cir. 15S*.

n Rev. 12. 1— J. PC
83.4. Mat. 21. 3S.
o Prov. 16. 6,7. Acl«
5. 29. 5c 4. 19.
Dan. 3. 16. Prov,
24. 11, 12. Gc-.l,
9. 5, i.

p 2 Sam. 13. 2t.
Eccl. 8. 4.

q Jolh. Z. 4. t sum*
17. 19, 20.

r Heb. 6.10. Pf. 4r.
I, 2. Mat. io. 41.
& 25. 40. Prov.
19. 17.
s See ver. 7, 12.

t ] Sam. 2.35. 28am.
7. IT, 27. IJ1-. 127.
I, ;. & 37. 3.
I Kin. 2. 24. &II.
38. Eccl. 8. 12.
u Afls 7. 19. Pf. 10;.
25. Prov. 27. 4. &
I. 16. & 4. 16,
lee ver. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — One generation quickly paffes
away, and another comes. Thofe who wax great or numerous mould
therefore remember their original meannefs. Remarkable is the
birth of God's promife when its full time comes. In two hun

dred and fifteen years Abraham's promifed feed had increafed to
feventy perfons : in as many more they are increafed to about three
million. Services done to men are foon forgotten, but thofe done
to God are had in everlafting remembrance. At the fame time

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Chap. I. Ver. 8. Perhaps this king pertained to
a new family, which obtained the throne about an hundred years after the Hebrews
went down to Egypt.
Ver. 10. The Ifraelites about this time began their compliance with the Egyptian
idolatry, for which God juftly puniihed tha,m by the hand of the Egyptians; Jolh.
xxiv. 14. Ezek. xx. 7, 8. and xxiii. 8. Pf. cv. 2;. ,
Ver. n. Perhaps thefe cities were not only intended for depejfiting the ftoies of

the country, but alfo for protecting it from the Arabs, Philiftines, and others on the
north-eaft, or for retaining the Hebrews in their bondage.
Ver. 19. Probably, by virtue of the fpecial affiftance of God, it was really fo with
many of the Hebrew women.
Ver. 21. While God exceedingly multiplied the Hebrews, he increafed the famii
lies and happinefs of the midwives.
M 2

'Mofes is born and exfofedin an ark.

EXODUS.

Is preferve d\ befriends his brethren.

Before Chrill
1 59 1.

a Ch. 6. 16—20.
Num. 26. 59.
I Chr. 23. 13.

cir. 1571.

b ArSs 7. 20. Heb.
11. 23. 25. Pf.
III. 5. & 37. 3,

e Ch. 1, 11.

d Miriam, ch. 13.
20. Num. 12. I. &
26. 59. Mic. 6. 4,

ePf.46. 1. 8cg. g.Sc
12. 5. Prov. 21. I.
with Jon. I. J7.&
2. 10.

fAfls 7. 21. Prov.
21. I. I Pet. 3. 8.
Pf. 106.46. II. 16.
4. Rev. 12. 6,

% Ver. 4. ch. 15, 20.
Num. 12. 1. 8c 26.
59-

C H A P. II.
Begins the biflory of Mofes, the man of God, the famed
deliverer, prophet, and governor, of Ifrael; and noted
type of Jefus Chrifl, the Saviour, Alediator, Law
giver, King, and Prophet, of his church. Here we
have, ( 1 ) fhe perils of his infancy, particularly his
expofure in the river Nile, in an ark of hulrujhes;
I — 4. (2) His prefervation and honourable edu
cation by Pharaoh's daughter; 5 — 10. (3) His
taking part with his oppreffed Hebrew brethren, and
danger by it; ll — 15. (4) His efcape into Midian,
and marriage with Zipporah, a daughter of a prince
there; 15 — 22. (5) The dawn of Ifrael' s deli
verance in God's gracious notice of their diftrefs, and
their prayers for relief; 23 — 25.
N D there went a a man of the houfe
of Levi, and took to wife a daughter
of Levi.
2 And the woman conceived, and bare
a fon : and, when fhe law him that he
was a goodly child, flie b hid him three
months. 3 And, when fhe c could no longer hide
him, fhe took for him an ark of bulrufhes,
and daubed it with flime and with pitch,
and put the child therein ; and fhe laid //
in the flags by the river's brink.
4 And his d fifter ftood afar off, to
know what would be done to him.
5 \ And e the daughter of Pharaoh
came down to wafh herfelf 'at the river ;
and her maidens walked along by the
river's fide : and, when fhe faw the ark
among the flags, fhe fent her maid to
fetch it.
6 And, when fhe had opened it, fhe
faw the child : and behold the babe
wept. f And fhe had compaffion on him,
and faid, This is one of the Hebrews'
children. ,
7 Then faid his E fifter to Pharaoh's
daughter, Shall I go and call to thee a

nurfe of the Hebrew women, that fhe
may nurfe the child for thee ?
8 And Pharaoh's daughter faid to her,.
Go. And the maid went and called the
child's h mother.
9 And Pharaoh's daughter faid unto
her, Take this child away, and nurfe it
for me, and I will give thee thy wages..
And the woman took the child, and
nurfed it.
10 And the child grew, and fhe brought
him unto Pharaoh's daughter, and he
became her ' fon. And fhe called his
name + Mofes : and fhe faid, Becaufe I
drew him out of the water.
1 1 ^[ And it came to pafs in thofe days,
when Mofes was k grown, that he went
out unto his brethren, and looked on their
burdens : and he l fpied an Egyptian
fmiting an Hebrew, oiie of his brethren.
12 And he looked this way and that
way ; and when he faw that there was
no man he flew the Egyptian, and hid
him in the fand.
1 3 m And when he went out the fecond
day, behold, two men of the Hebrews
ftrove together : and he faid to him that
did the wrong, Wherefore fmiteft thou
thy fellow ?
14 And, he faid, Who made thee n a
prince and a judge over us ? intendeft thou
to kill me, as thou killedft the Egyptian ?
and Mofes ° feared, and faid, Surely this
thing is known.
15 Now when Pharaoh heard this
thing he fought to flay Mofes. But Mofes
p fled-from the face of Pharaoh, and dwelt
in the land of q Midian : and he fat down
r by a well.
1 6 % Now the s prieft of Midian had

"Before Chrift
IS7I.

h Jochebed, ch. 6,
20. with Pf. 1. j,
& 27. 10. If, A
3i4-

iAflf7. 21. Hefc,
11.24.
fThat isTdrawnout.

cir. 153 1.
k Forty years old,
A6ts 7. 23. Heb.
II. 24—26.

I ACts 7. 24—29.
Heb. 13. 1. 1 Pet.
I. 22.

m Acts 7. iS.

n Heb. a man, &
p nice, Gen. 19.0,
Num. 16. 3, 13.
Mat. 21. 23. Ads
7.26—28,35.
0 Prov. 19, 12.

p'ASs 7. 29. Prov.
22. 3. Mat. 10. 2£
Gen. 28. 6, 7-
q Gen. 25. 2. i. '•
South Midian.
rGen.24-.II.&29.2.
s Or prince, Gen. 14.
18. & 41. 45-

God's kindnefs often iharpens men's cruelty. And to what hor
rid and favage barbarity their felfifli defigns often pufh them ! But
it is vain for devils or men to contend with the Lord. Their
beft-laid attempts againft his defigns will but promote their ac-
complifhment : and God's church often thrives beft in the fiejy
furnace of troubles, continued one after another. Let me there

fore always depend on God ; always obey God rather than
man. Never let fuch as are barbarous themfelves make me an
inftrument of their cruelty ; for, if I hide or help God's outcafts
in the day of their diftrefs, -he is not unfaithful to forget my labour
of love, and may perhaps repay me in kind.

Ch A p. II. Ver.2. She had born Miriam about ten, and Aaron about four, years before.
Ver 6. Pharaoh's daughter knew this from her father's cruel edicl, or from the
beauty and circumcifion of the babe.
Ver. 11. Being forty years old; Afts vii. 23. and, inirrudted by his parents and
his God concerning his real kindred, he refolved to abandon the honouis of the court,
join himfelf to the oppreffed people of God, and exert himfelf for their deliverance ;
Heb. xi. 24 — 26.

Ver. 14. Perhaps the contempt, which the Hebrews now mewed to Mofes, pro
voked God to defer their deliverance forty years; Ails vii. 25.
Ver. 15. Pharaoh was enraged at Mofes' taking part with the Hebrews, and afraid
of his heading them in a rebellion. _
Ver. 16. Reuel was a prince or prieft of thc true God among the Midianites, who
dwelt along the coaffc of the caft branch of the Red Sea; as Melchizedec was amorig
the Canaanites j Gen, xiv. 18 ', but whether he was the fame with Jethio, and Ho-

Mofes flies to, and dwells in, Midian.

CHAP. II. III.

'fhe Lord appears to h

'Jim.

Before Chrift
'53'-
t Gen, 29. 6, 8.

u Gen, 29. 9, 10.

X Perhaps grand
father, Gon. 31,
43. 2 Kin. 14. 3
with ch. 3. 1.
Num. io. 29.

they came and
the troughs to

y Gen. 24. 31—33.
&29. 11. &.-18.5.
& 19. 2, 3. Heb.
13. 2. I Tim. 5.
10. Job 31. 32.

Z Ch. 4. 20, 23. 8c
18.2. Num. 12. 1.

1 Ch. 18. 3. I Chr.
23. 14 — 17. Heh.
II. 13, 14. Pf. 39.
12. 8c 119. 19.
1 Chr. 29, 15.
b A£ts 7. 30. ch. 4,
19. & 7.7.

e Ch. 3. 7. Pf. 12. 5.
Deut. 32. 36. &
26. 6, -. Num. 20.
16. Neh. 9. g.
Jam. 5. 4.

i Gen. 15. 14. & 17.
7. 8c 26. 3. 8c 46.
4. Pi. 105. 6 — 13.

feven ' daughters : and
drew water, and filled
water their father's flock.
1 7 And the fhepherds came and drove
them away : but Mofes " ftood up and
helped them, and watered their flock.
1 8 And when they came to Reuel their
x father, he faid, How is it that ye are
come fo foon to day ?
1 9 And they laid, An Egyptian deliver
ed us out of the hand of the fhepherds,
and alio drew water enough for us, and
watered the flock.
20 And he. faid unto his daughters,
And where is he ? why is it that ye have
left the man ? ? call him, that he may
eat bread.
21 And Mofes was content to dwell
with the man : and he gave Mofes % Zip-
porah his daughter.
22 And fhe bare him a fon, and he
called his name a Gerfhom : for he faid, I
have been a ftranger in a ftrange land.
23 5[ And it came to pafs, b in procefs
of time, that the king of Egypt died :
arid the children of Ifrael c fighed by reafon
of the bondage, and they cried ; and
their cry came up unto God by reafon of
the boiidage.
24 And God heard their groaning,
and God remembered his d covenant
with Abraham, with Ifaac, and with
Jacob. 25 And God looked upon the children

Bef)-e Ch iA
c 'dm. i.r\.-., ch.
7. A. will) 1. 8.
Mat. 7. 23.

of Ifrael, and God c had refped unto
them. CHAP. III.
To render his intercourfe with Mfes and the children
of Ifrael the more obfervable, Go I had not, perhaps,
appeared in vifion fer more than two hundred years ;
Gen. xlvi. 2 — 4. Here, (1) God appears to Mops
at Sinai, in the midft of an unconfirmed burning bufh,
and declares himfelf in covenant with the Ifraelites ;
I — 6. (2) In compaffion to their prefent diftrefs,
he appoints Mofes to be their deliverer, and anfwers
whatever objections he ftarted againft his entering on
that work; 7 — 12. (3) He dlrefls him what he
fhould fay to the Hebrews, and to Pharaoh king of
Egypt ; and certifies him of fuccefs in his work ;
12  22. cir. 1492.
OW Mofes a kept the flock of Je- * ^'tVtV'luE
thro his father-in-law, the prieft & ?¦ '*, >s-
of Midian: and he led the flock to the
back fide of the defert, and came to the
b mountain of God, even to Horeb. b&%V»&4:
2 And the c angel of the Lord appear- !¦«'"• '"'
ed unto him in a flame of fire out of the c ^Z\7i.t°'ic%'.f.
midft of a bufh : and he looked, and 7"o-4rJ;-ut'.',j.,i5: Luki: 20. 37.
behold the d bufh burned with fire, and dGen.Ts.^.pf.w. Ii. if. 45 2. Dent.
4. 2.0. Dan. 3. vj,
1. 14. Rom.

John i

the bufh was not confumed.
3 And Mofes faid, I will now turn fjsfi}-jf7'-
afide, and fee this e great light, why the . pr. m.z. Dan.
, ' . c & > J .0.;. Aris 7. 31.
Dufn is not burnt. Ro,n.8.28.&n. 33. 2 Cor. 4. 17.
4 And, when the Lord faw that he
turned afide to lee, God called unto him
out of the midft of the bufh, and faid,
1 Mofes, Mofes
am I.
5 And he faid, g Draw not nigh hither : gch. i9, 12,11.
h put off" thy fhoes from off thy feet, for h7J°^.s-,s- Aaa

And he faid, Here '^(^S 6i, 11.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — While wicked men exert
themfelves for the ruin of God's church, he is often preparing
matters for her deliverance, though frequently his great works and
his greateft inftruments are apparently almoft ftifled in. their birth.
When God calls to it, it is becoming with cheerfulnefs and con
fidence to venture every thing which concerns us on his provi
dence. But ftrong faith in God ought always to be attended with
the ufe of the moft proper means which are in our power. It is
eafy for God to raife up friends to his diftreffed children among
his principal enemies ; or to find out methods for qualifying be
fore-hand fuch as he intends for great work. And it is honour
able for the greateft to obferve and fympathize with the meaneft

in their adverfities, and to be made the inftrument of their relief:
and where faith in and loye to God duly prevail in the heart, no
carnal confideration will deter fuch an one from joining himfelf
to God's church and people. The fincereft kindnefs and friend
fhip is frequently requited with abufe and contempt, and the
ftrongeft carnal affection quickly turned into murderous rage.
But God regards even the affectionate defign, and gracioufly
provides a place of refuge for his perfecuted friends and fervant?,
where they may be fafe and ufsful. No change of lot, no change
of country, can make us lofe the enjoyment of our God; nor de
prive us of him as our reconciled God in Chrift, to fympathize with
us in, and bring us fafely through, our moil grievous afflictions.

bab was his fon, or whether Reuel was Jethro's f-ither, and Jethro the fame as Hobab,
is not very evident; compare ch. iii. 1. with xviii. 1. 27. Num. x. 29.
Cha?. III. Ver. i. Horeb or Sinai was called the mount of God, as he at this time
appeared on it, arid foon after proclaimed his laws from it; ch. xix. xx.
Ver. 2. This flame reprefented the awful majefty, perfeel purity, and infinite
power, of God. The buih burning, and not confumed, denotes the church of God, and
particularly thc Ifraelites, in their ftate debaled, exnofed, perfecuted, and afflicted;

but preferved by the prefence and power of God; John xvi. 33. Acls xiv. 22. Pf.
xlvi. 1 — 5. But perhaps it chiefly prefigured the Godhe.id as dwelling in the man
hood of Chrift; andthe terrible execution of div'ne vengeance upon him while he
was preferved by his Godhead, and his Father's refidence in him ; John i. 14. Col. ii.
9. 1 Tim. iii. 16. If. I. liii. 2 Cor. v. 19,21.
Ver. 5. The pulling off his ihocs nmked with what hoiinefs, humility, and
reverence, we ought to approach unto God. — The ground was lc:'j , was 0ccalic.r1.1lly
confecrated by the fpeci.'.l manififtation of God thereon.

Mofes is called to deliver Ifrael

EXO.DUS.

from their bondage in Egypt.

Before Chrift
1492.

iMrt. 11. 32. Af1s7.
32. Cc:i, 17. 7, o.
ver. 14. 15. ch.
4-5-

k Afls 7. 32. Ccr..
17. -,. I Kin. 19.
ij. If. 6.2, J.
Luke 5. 8. Heb.
1-.. 2T. h?.n. ic.
7 .;. m c. 17. 7.
Rev. 1. 17.
1 Ch, 2. 25. Afls 7.
3J.. Cci. 29. 32.
I Sam. 9. 16. Pf.
106. 44.

mGen. it. 5. & 18.
21. If. 64. t. Pf.
rS. 9—19. & 12.J.
a: 22. a, 5. & 91.
i£&46.4-c&si' and to bring; them
24.
»Qen. 13.18— 21. &
13. 14, 15. Deut.
1. 7. & 11. 9, 24.
&S.7— 9. &2fj.
9. ch.13,5. &33.
2, 3. & 23. 23—
31. & 34. n.
Nen. 9. 22 — li.
Pf. 41.2,3. &66.
>-¦ & 7»- 54, SS-
& 80.8.9. &105.
44. Ezejc. 20. 6,
s$-
•5eech.2.23. ver.7.

p Aas 7. 34, 35, 36.
if. 105. 26. & 77.
20. Mic. 6. 4. If.
63, II, 12. ch. v
—xiv. 1 Sam. 12.
6. Hof. 12. 13.
4 Ch. 6. 12. & 4.
10—13. Jer. 1. 6.
I Sam. 18. 18.
a Sam, 7. 18.
I Kin. 3. 7, g.
a Cor. J. 16, &
3-5-

r Jofh. 1. 5. If. 41.
10, 13. & 43. 2.
Rom. 8. 31. Heb.
13. 5. Gen. 15. 1.
s As If. 7. 14. & 37.
30. Jer. 43. 9, 10.
& 51. 63, 64. Pf.
86. 17. Gen. 15. 8.
ch. 4. 1 — 9. Judg.
61 17, 21, 36—40.
&7.11, 13, 14.
I Exod. xix — xl.
Lev. i — xxvii.
Hum. i— x.

the place whereon thou ftandeft is holy
ground. 6 Moreover'he faid, ' I am the God of
thy father, the God of Abraham, the God
of Ifaac, and the God of Jacob. And
Mofes k hid his face ; for he was afraid to
look upon God..
y ^[ And the Lord faid, I have furely
1 feen the affliction of my people which are
in Egypt,, and have heard their cry by
reafon of their tafk-mafters ; fori know
their forrow s :
8 And I am m come down to deliver
them out of the hand of the Egyptians,
g them up out of that land
unto n a good land and a large, unto aland
flowing with milk and honey ; unto the
place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites,
and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and
the Hivites, and the Jebufites.
9 Now, therefore, behold the ° cry of
the children of Ifrael is come unto me :
and I have alfo feen the oppreffion where
with the Egyptians opprefs them.
10 Come now, therefore, and I will
p fend thee unto Pharaoh, that thou
mayeft bring forth my people the children
of Ifrael out of Egypt.
1 1 f And Mofes faid unto God, ' Who
ami, that I fhould go unto Pharaoh, and
that I fhould bring forth the children of
Ifrael out of Egypt ?
1 2 And he faid, Certainly r I will be
with thee ; and this fhall be a s token unto
thee that I have fent thee : When thou
haft brought forth the people out of Egypt,
1 ye fhall ferve God upon this moun
tain. 13 And Mofes faid unto God, Behold,
when I come unto the children of Ifrael,
and fhall fay unto them, The God of your
fathers hath fent me unto you ; and they
fhall fay to me, What is his name ?
What fhall I fay unto them ?

14 And God faid unto Mofes, " I AM
THAT I AM : and he faid, Thus flialt
thou fay unto the children of Ifrael,
I AM hath fent me unto you.
15 % And God faid moreover unto
Mofes, Thus fhalt thou fay unto the
children of Ifrael, x The Lord God of
your fathers, the God of Abraham, the-
God of Ifaac, andthe God of Jacob, hath
fent me unto you : this is my name for
ever, and this is my y memorial unto all
generations. 1 6 Go and gather the z elders of Ifrael
together, and fay unto them, The Lord
God of your fathers, the' God of Abra
ham, of Ifaac, and of Jacob, appeared
unto me, faying, I have furely a vifited
you,- and feen that which is done to' you
in Egypt :
17 And I have faid, bI will bring you
up out of the affliction of Egypt unto
the land of the Canaanites, and the Hit
tites, and the Amorites, and the Periz-
zites? and the Hivites, and the Jebu
fites, unto a land flowing with milk and
honey. 18 And they fhall c hearken to thy
voice : and thou fhalt come, thou and the
elders of Ifrael, unto the king. of Egypt ;
and ye fhall fay unto him, The Lord
God of the Hebrews hath d met with us ;
and now let us go, we befeech thee,
e three days journey into the wildernefs,
that we may facrifice to the Lord our
God. 19 % And I am fure that the king of
Egypt will not let you go ; f no, not by
a mighty hand.
20 And I will ftretch out my hand, and
fmite Egypt with all my wonders which
I will do in the midft thereof: and £ after
that he will let you go.
2 1 And I will give this people h favour
in the fight of the Egyptians : and it fhall

Before Chrift
a Rev. 1.4,8. Hob.
ij. 8. John 8. ;8.
ch, 6. J. 2 Cor. 1.
20. Job. 11.7.

x Gen. 17. 7, 8.
ver. 6. ch. 4. j.
Mat. 22. 32.

yHof. i2.;.Pf. 13;.
13. & 102. 12.
Heb. 13. 8. Mal.
3.6.
z Chief men, Gen.
. 50. 7. ch. 18.12. &
24. 4, 11. & 4. 29,

a Gen.'i;. 14, & 59,
21. Luke 1. 68.
ver. 7. ch.2. 23-^
*5-

b Gen. 15. 14, 18-.
21. fee ver. 8.

c Ch. 4.31, ver. if.

d Ch. 3. 3. Num. 23,
3, 4, 15, 16. Gen.
48. 3. 8c 12. 1. &
IS. 1. & 17. 1.
e To mount Sinai,
ver. 12. ch. 7. 16.
&S.27.&9. I.&
19. 1. Jer. 2. 2,6.

f Or, hut hyjtrons
hemd, ch. 6. I.
vii — xiv. Pf. 136.
11, 12, Jer. 32.29.
If. 63. 12, 13.

gGen. 15.14. Judg.
6.8. & 8. 16. If.
26. 11. ch. vii—
xii. Pf. 105. 38.
hCh.n. 3.&12.36.
Pf. 106. 46. Gen.
39.21. Prov. 16.7.

Ver. 6. God was the Cod of Abraham, &c. He was engaged t6 them by manifold
promifes, which he was now come to perform.
Ver. 7. / have feen, Sec. I have kindly obferved, mercifully regarded, and pitied,
their mifery.
Ver. 8. I am about to manifeft my infinite power and condefcenfion in their deli
verance. — A land flowing with milk and honey is one abounding with neceffary and
agreeable productions.
Ver. 12. In the view of this folemn fellowlhip with, me, encourage youifelf t6
promote this deliverance.

Ver. 13.— Which of thefe names mould I ufe, that they may be moft encouraged
to expeel the deliverance?
Ver. 14. / am that I am, I am the Fountain of being, eternally arid unchangeably
exifting in, nf, from, and by, myfelf.
Ver. 15. — This is my character, whereby I will be remembered, owned, and ferved>
by my people, and diftinguilhed from all others.
Ver. 19. Notwithftanding manifold plagues inflicled on his kingdom, he will n«t
let you go but by mere conftraint.

Mofes is further called and
BsfcreChrift CQme tQ j^ ^ ^^ ^ gQ ^ fl^j
~ not go empty:
l%";1s\s^r^- 22 ' But every woman fhall borrow .of
i»s- s?- her neighbour, and of her that fojourneth
in her houfe ; jewels of filver, and jewels
of gold, and raiment : and ye fhall put
them- upon your fons, and upon your
V'frov.-'it daughters; and ye fhall kfpoil the Egyp
tians.

C H A P. IV.

fc Ezek27- .
ac. H. 33. 1,

CHAP.

IV.

a Ch. 3. IS. Arts 7.
25. Jer. 1. 6. Ezek.
3. 14.

Here we have, ( 1 ) Mofes' objections againft undertak
ing the office of delivering Ifrael. The firft he draws
from the Hebrew's unbelief; which God anfwers by
giving him a miraculous power to turn his rod into a
ferpent, and again into a rod; to render his hand le
prous and then found ; and to turn the water into
blood; 1 — 9: The fecond he draws from his own un-
fitnefs, particularly want of proper eloquence. This
God anfwers by promifing to qualify him, and be with
him, and by giving him Jaron, his brother, to be his
fpokefiman, and by conferring a miraculous influence
on his ftaff; 10 — 17. (.2) Taking his farewell of
Jethro, his father-in-law, Mofes, with his family,
fits off for Egypt to execute his commiffion. In his
way he receives further inftruilions from God : his
life is endangered through his neglecl to circumcifie
his fon ; and, to his great fatisfaclion, he meets with
Aaron; 18 — 28. (3) Being come into Egypt, they
declare their commiffion to the Hebrew elders, and,
by the figns appointed, confirm it before the people, to
_ their great fatisfaclion ; 2 9 — 3 1 .
AND Mofes anfwered and faid, But,
behold, they will not a believe me,
nor hearken unto my voice ; for they will
fay, The Lord hath not appeared unto
thee. 2 And the Lord faid unto him, What

encouraged to his work.
is that in thine hand ? and he faid, A 1492.
b rod. b ?j-n' 3°- 37- v«.
3 And he faid, Caft it on the ground.
And c he caft it on' the ground, and it ^,.7-0,™.
became a ferpent : and Mofes fled from
before it.
4 And the Lord faid unto Mofes, d Put d ^.V"^'.^.1'
forth thine hand, and take it by the tail.
And he put forth his hand, and caught
it, and it became a rod in his hand.
5 That e they may believe that the e {"ch^oSrj'ch.
Lord God of their fathers, the God of ?V
Abraham, the God of Ifaac, and the God
of Jacob, hath appeared unto thee.
6 % And the Lord faid furthermore
unto him, Put now thy hand into thy
bofom. And he put his hand into his
bofom ; and, when he took it out,
behold, his hand was f leprous as aS."'**
fnow. 7 And he faid, Put thine hand into thy
bofpm again. And he put his hand into
his bofom again, and plucked it out of his
bofom ; and, behold, it was g turned again %1t£;l%?''
as his other flefh.
8 And it fhall come to pafs, if they will
not believe thee, neither hearken to the
h voice of the firft fign, that they will "S^if^S
... , . r i 1 r 8. & 24. 14. Judg.
believe the voice of the latter lign. "&'7'"'A6"74a'
9 And it fhall come to pafs, if they will ItZf'^f-
not believe alfo thefe two figns, neither &KiS: V—'JiT'iT:
hearken unto thy voice, that thou fhalt
take of the water of the river, and pour
it upon the dry land: and the water

Reflections upon Chap. III. — However long God feem to
neglect, he will vifit me at laft. Let me therefore attend to my
lawful calling, however mean, expecting his countenance in the
Way of my duty. If I defire folemn fellowfhip with him, let me
retire from the world, and inquire into what he hath revealed.
Let me always approach his prefence with ftrong faith, holy awe,
clean hands, and a pure heart. Let me, with joy and wonder,
behold him as in Chrift crucified, and as prefent in his church, to
preferve her in her hotteft troubles. Let me truft in him as my
own and my father's God; and rejoice in the firmnefs and per
petuity of his new-covenant relations to us. Let me admire his
mercy and wifdom in appearing for the falvation of his people

when they have given over looking for him : and let me firmly
hope that, whatever be the unworthinefs of the object, the weak
ness of the inftrument, or the wickednefs or power of the oppofcr,
the Lord will exactly fulfil the promifes of his grace. O may I
have this great I am to do all for me, give all to me, and be all
in all unto me! May I in every thing ftudy to have his call
cleared up and certified to me! May I receive my directions from
him, what I fhall fay or do ! May I labour after faithfulnefs in my
work ; and then, leaving it to the Lord, he will fucceed my en
deavours, gracioufly reward me on their account; and the wrongs
done to me in this world will be all rectified at laft.

Ver. 22. The word here rendered borrow figni'ies merely to aft: it was no fin
thus to afk the Egyptians' property. God, the original and fupreme proprietor of all
things, commanded it. The Egyptians had forfeited their right by their wickednefs,
with refpecl to him. Hereby/ too, He, as a righteous Judge, ordered payment of their
wages to the Hebrews, who had been defrauded.
Chap. IV. Ver. 3, 4. This change of his rod fignified that his miniftry and mi
racles would be deftruclive us ferpents to the Egyptians, but helpful and uiieclive to

the Hebrews. In Jike manner, his laws are to unbelievers a killing letter, a mini-
ftration of death ; 2 Cor. ii. 15, 16. and iii. 6 ; but to believers a means of life; Gal.
iii. 24.
Ver. 6, 7. Th's fignified that God, with the utmoft e.ifc and difjutch, can change
the form of our lot; and that it was by the power of God, not hit, own, that he
wrought his miracles.
Ver. 9. This fignified that, if the Hebrews fhould perfift in their unbelief, Coi
would bring upon them ftill more fearful calamities.

Mofes returns to Egypt ', circumcifes

EXODUS.

his fon ; meets Jar on his brothef.

Zc'C.ik Chrift
1492.
i Ui. j. 22. U 7. 19.
fill. 7. 1,2. JUOV.
I. ' . t'.LV. 13. 10.
& 16. 6.
k T-leb. a men of
i-.-'-idi. Job 12. 2.
1 Cjr. 2. 3. fee
ver. 1.
f Heb./wtljrjle'dily, B-r yiKff Ijt-f r/jitv!

J Gen. 18. 14. Amos
3. 6. If. 35- 5, 6-
PI. 94. 9.
m Mac. 10. 19, 20.
Mark 13. II.
Luke 12. 11. If.
50; 4. & 49. 2.

11 Jer. 1.6. Jon. 1.6.
Ezek. 3. 14. fee
ver. 1.

} OrJhouhlJI.
o 1 Sam. 6, 7. 1 Kin.
II. 9. lChr.21.7".

p I Cor. 12. 8, 10.
2 Cor. 11. 6. Luke
al. 15.

qVer. 16. 2 Sam. 14.
3- £¦ S°. 4- & 49-
a. &51. 16. &s9,
ai.
r Mat. 28. 20. 1 Cor.
II. 73. Ezek. 44.
24. Mat. 10. 19,20,
fee ver. 12.
{ Ch. 7. 1, a. ver. 28,
30.

t Ch. 22. 28. 8c 7. 1.
John 10. 34, 35.
11 Ver. 2, 3,4. 20, 30.
1 Cor. 1. 17. ch.7.
9. iz, 19. & 8. 5,
16. & j. 23. & 10.
13, 21. 8c 14. 16,
21. & 17.9.

X Ch, 20. 12. 1 Tim.
6. 1. & 5. I- with
ch. 2. 16—22. &
3.1.

yjudg. 18. 6. 1 Sam.
1. 17. &15. 35. &
26. 7. 2 Sam. 15.9.
a Kin. 5. 19. Luke
7. 50. Acts 16. 36.
z Mat. 2. 20. ch. 2.
15, 23.
a 1 Tim. 5: 8.. Rom.
12. 17.

which thou takeft out of the river fhall
become * blood upon the dry land.
10 % And Moles .faid unto the Lord,
O my Lord, I am not k eloquent, neither
+ heretofore, nor fince thou haft ipoken
unto thy fervant : but I am flow of fpeech,
and of a flow tongue.
1 1 And the Lord faid unto him, Who
hath made man's mouth? or who maketh
the dumb, or deaf, or the feeing, or the
blind ? ' Have not I the Lord ?
1 2 Now therefore go, and m I will be
with thy mouth, and teach thee what
thou flialt fay.
13 And he faid, O my Lord, n fend, I
pray thee, by the hand of him whom thou
+ wilt fend.
14 And the ° anger of the Lord was
kindled againft Moles, and he faid, Is not
Aaron the Levite thy brother ? I know
that he can p fpeak well. And alfo behold
he cometh forth to meet thee: and when
he feeth thee he will be glad in his heart.
15 And thou fhalt i fpeak unto him,
and- put vvords in his mouth : and I will
be r with thy mouth, and with his mouth,
and will teach you what ye fhall do.
16 And he fhall be thy s fpokefman
unto the people : and he fhall be, even he
fhall be to thee inftead of a mouth, and
thou fhalt be to him ' inftead of God.
1 7 And thou flialt take this u rod in thine
hand, wherewith thou fhalt do figns.
18 ^[ And Mofes went, and returned
to Jethro his father-in-law, and faid unto
him, xLet me go, I pray thee, and return
unto my brethren who are in Egypt, and
fee whether they be yet alive. And
Jethro faid to Mofes, y Go in peace.
19 And the Lord faid unto Mofes in
Midian, z Go, return into Egypt : for all
the men are dead which fought thy life.
20 And Mofes a took his wife and his

Before Chrift
J^f)2.

fons, and fet them upon an afs, and he
returned to the land of Egypt. And
Mofes took the b rod of God in his ™«-*>-*-**
hand. 21 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
When thou goeft to return into Egypt,
fee that thou do all thofe wonders before
Pharaoh - which I have put in thine
c hand : but I will d harden his heart, that
he fhall not let the people go.
22 And thou fhalt fay unto Pharaoh,
e Thus faith the Lord, Ifrael is f my fon,
even my firft-born.
23 And I fay unto thee, Let my fon go,
that he may ferve me: and if thou refufe
to let him go, behold, I will s flay thy
fon, even thy firft-born.
24 *[ And it came to pafs by the way
in the inn, that the Lord h met him, and
fought to kill him.
25 Then Zipporah took a i fliarp ftone,
and cut off the forefkin of her fon, and
caft it at his feet, and faid, § Surely a
bloody hufband art thou to me.
26 So he let him go : then fhe faid, A
bloody hufband thou art, becaufe of the
circumcifion. 27 % And the Lord faid to Aaron, Go
into the wildernefs to meet Mofes. And
he went, and met him in the k mount of
God, and ' kifled him.
2 8 And Mofes m told Aaron all the words
of the Lord who had fent him, and all
the figns which he had commanded him.
29 f And Mofes and Aaron went, and
gathered together all the " elders of the
children of Ifrael :
30 And Aaron fpake all the words
which the Lord had fpoken unto Mofes,
and ° did the figns in the fight of the
people. 3 1 And the people p believed : and when
they heard that the Lord had i vifited the

c Power by thy rod.
ch. vii — xiv.
d Ch. 7.3. 8c 9. 12,
& 10. 1. 8c 14. 8.
Deut. 2. 10. Rom,
q. 18. Jolh. 11.20.
It. 6. 10. &63. 17.
e Ch. 3. 1. & 7. ,7,
1 Sam. 2. 27. Jo/h.
7- 13- & 24. 2.
Num. 23. 19.
fCh.6.7.&i9.5.6. Rom. 9.4,5. Deut.
14. 1. &32. 6,9.
Jer. 31.9. Jam. 1.
18.
gCh. 11. j. &12. 12,
29. & 13. 15. Pf,
78.51. &105. ;6.
& 135. 8. "& 136.
10. Mat. 7. I, 2.
Judg. I. 7. with
ch. I. 16, 22.
2Thef. 1.6.
h Num. 22. 22, 31.
Lev. 10. 3. Gen. .
17. 14. Amos 3.2,
Pf. 99. 8.
i Jolh. 5. a, 3.
$ Whether this wai
faid in anger, or
for joy, that here
by her husband's
_ life was faved, is
uncertain.

kCh. 3. 1. 1 Kin. 19.
8. ch. 19. 3. &20.
ifc. & 24. 17.
1 Gen. 29. 11. & 31'
4. & 48. fo.
m 1 Cor. 4. 1. Fzelt.
3. 17. Jon. 3. 2.
AcU 20. 27. Pf.
40. 9,10. Scn.%1,

nCh.j.i6.&i8.«. ix 14. 1, II.

0 Ver. 1—9,
p Pf. ictf. 12. ch. 3.
iS. John 2.23. &
11. 41. Mat. 13.20.
qCh. 3.7. &2- Z3—
2.5. 11. 63. 7*

Ver. 13.— Send tHe Mefliah himfelf, or fome one duly qualified to deliver them.
Ver. 16. As thy fpokefman, he fliull deliver thy meflage to Pharaoh and the He
brews, while thou, in the name of G vl, fhall direct and enjoin him what to fi\y.
Ver. 21. Wonders were put in Mofes' hand, in his having power granted him of
God to effect them by means of his rod or Ita ft". — As hardnefs of heart is a fin, Pha
raoh hardened hisi'wn heart, encouraging himfelf in hU oppoikion to the command of
God ; but- as it is .1 punifhment of fin, G )d hardens men by withholding the outward
means of fattening their h'art; Pf. cxlvii 20. Mat. xi. 21, 235 or the outward
grace, which uoul.i eftVclually (often it; Gen. vi. 3} or by giving them up to thc-r
own lufts, and to the power of Satan and the world; by the agency of whom they be-
4

come more and more blinded, ftupified, and encouraged in their rebellion againft
God; 2 ThcfT. ii. io, II. Rom. xi. 8, io. 2 Cor. iv. 3, 4. and ii. J, 16. I Kings
xxii. ?.?.. 1 Pet. ii. 8. Rom. i. 28, 32.
Ver. 22. The Ifraelites were the firft and only nation which God adopted into his
family as his peculiar people, and heivs of a promifed territory on earth.
Ver. 24. By fome dangerous difeafc, or in fome fearful form, God threatened to
take away Moles' life., for his ncglecling to circumcife his younger fon.
Ver. 2 5  Surely I have redeemed thy life, and, as itwere, wedded thee a-new to me
in the bloody circumcifion of my fon.

Mofes and Aaron go in to Pharaoh, C H A
Before chrm children of Ifrael, and that he had looked
cen. 24. 26.^47. upon their affliction, then they r bowed
'*" their heads and worfhipped.

P. V.

who increafes the people's burdens.

«h. 12. 27.

C Ii A P.

a Ch. 3. 18. Pf.
6. E:

«Ch. 3. 19. Job 2i.
15. Pf. 12. 3. &
14. i. If. 36. 20.
Zeph. 1. 12.

fLukc 24.5

Before Chrift
1491.

Here, ( 1 ) In the name of God, Mofes and Aaron de
mand leave of Pharaoh for the Hebrews to hold^ a
folemn feaft in the Arabian defert. He anfwers with
a defiance of their God, and a check to themfelves ;
I — 4., (2) To put thoughts of devotion entirely out
efthe Ifraelites' mind, Pharaoh appoints their flavifh
tafiks to be increafed, requiring them to make brick
without fir aw; 5 — 9. (3) This edit! being exe
cuted with cruelty, the Hebrew overfeers complain to
Pharaoh : the Hebrews rail at Mofes and Aaron,
and Mofes complains to God; 10 — 23.
AND afterward Mofes and Aaron
went in, and a told Pharaoh, Thus
fclr.t"0'27, faith the Lord God of Ifrael, Let my
b&;l,lS26&iiicS' p60?^ g°* that they may hold a b feaft
unto me in the wildernefs.
2 And Pharaoh faid, c Who is .the
Lord, that I fhould obey his voice to let
Ifrael go? I know not the Lord, neither
will I let Ifrael go.
*&•£'.'<&&* 3 And they faicl* d The Go(1 of" the
Hebrews hath met with us : let us go,
we pray thee, three days journey into the
defert, and facrifice unto the Lord our
c \ ch"' ?' ¥'& God ; left he c fall upon us with peftilence,
lei 'if iat£i9: or with the fword.
4 And the king of Egypt faid unto
Amo's^o. them, f Wherefore do ye, Mofes and
jer/3o.4.&2o.8: Aaron, let the people from their works ?
get you unto your burdens.
5 And Pharaoh faid, Behold, the
people of the land now are many, and ye

fame day the e tafk-mafters of the people,
and their h officers, faying, gch.i.n.ver.u.
7 Ye fhall no more give the people fcver.14, is, >»•
ftraw to make brick, as heretofore : let
them go ?nd gather ftraw for themfelves.
8 And the tale of the bricks, which
they did make heretofore, ye fhall lay
upon them ; ye fhall not diminiih ought
thereof : for they be idle ; therefore they
cry, faying, Let us go and facrifice to our
God. 9 * Let there more work be laid upon * ^tflft'thf11
the men, that they may labour therein :

**"", make them reft from their burdens.

were Egyptians,
and thc officers
.under them were
Hebrews.

i Jer. 43. z. Zech.
1. 6.

and let them not regard { vain words.
k the tafk-mafters of the kfiov-a?-^^
6, 13. en. 1. xi«

10

6 *fT * And Pharaoh commanded the

ff And
people went out, and their officers, and
they fpake to the people, faying, Thus
faith Pharaoh, I will not give you ftraw.
1 1 Go ye, get ye ftraw where ye can
find it : yet not ought of your work fhall
be diminifhed.
1 2 So the people were fcattered abroad
throughout all the land of Egypt, to
gather ftubble inftead of ftraw.
13 And the tafk-mafters hafted them,
faying, Fulfil your works, your + daily fS,V«! «""."'*
talks, as when there was ftraw.
14 And the officers of the children of
Ifrael, which Pharaoh's tafk-mafters had
fet over them, were beaten, anddemmd-
ed, Wherefore have ye not fulfilled your
talk in making brick both yefterday and
to-day, as heretofore ?
1 5 5T Then the officers of the children
of Ifrael came and cried unto Pharaoh,
faying, Wherefore dealeft thou thus with
thy fervants ?

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — Learn, my foul, never to be
difcouraged from prefent duty by former difappointments. God's
promife is fufficient to balance all oppofition. Let me accept of
miracles recorded in God's word as the moft convincing external
proofs of a divine million ; and let me admire the kindnefs of God
in fo abundantly confirming the intimations of his will to man
kind. Never mould I excufe myfelf from the work to which God
calls me, from any wickednefs about others, or weaknefs in my
felf. God can make mountains his way, and qualify me as is ne
ceffary. Let me cheerfully conned!: the exercife of the gifts or
graces which God hath given me in whatever order of precedence
or fubordination he pleafeth, employing them in the fervice he
commands. But let no intended fervice of God render me undu-
tiful to my relations ; and, on the contrary, never let me fear men
when I have a clear call from God to my work, and a promife of
V01. I.

his prefence to be with me in it. — Meanwhile, let no difrance
from the public ordinances of God, and the fellov/fhip of fainis,
cool my zeal for his worfhip. Never let fond indulgence of my
earthly relations make me to negleft any part of God's inftitu-
tions, or of my religious duty towards them; if I do fo, God will
make me to fmart for it in his time. Nay, it is better to part
with relations for a time than to have them an incumbrance to us
in the fervice of God. Whatever knowledge, gifts, or grace,
God beftows upon me, it becomes me to improve them for thc be
nefit of others, particularly of my fellow-labourers in the Lord ;
that with one mind, and one mouth, we may glorify God. Eut
let my hopes never be too fanguine on the firft promifing appear
ances; for if grace do not really touch the heart, miracles them
felves can produce but a temporary faith, a tranfient Uaili of reli
gious affection . N '

Mcfes reproached, prays to God.

EXODUS.

God further encourages Mofer.

Before Chrift
149 1.

1 Mat. 14. 74, z6.
Deut. 32. 36. Heb.
12. 6. Amos 3. 2.
Acts 14. 22.
a Tim. j. n,

mGen. 16. 5. & 31.
53. 1 Sam. 24. 15.
ch. 6. 9.
n Heb. to fink. Gen.
34. 30. 1 Chr. 20.
t. % Sam. 10. 6.
O Pf. 50. T5. & CJT,
IJ. & 73. 25, 26,
A8. & 142. 4, 5.
3 Sam. 30.3. Jer.
iz. i.ch.6. 12,30.
& 4. 10—13. Num.
11. 11— 15.
p Jer. 20. 7. I Kin.
19. 4, 10.
q Pf. 118. 26. Jer.
11. 21. John 5.43.
Tlf.26. 17,18. Heb.
10. 23, 35, 36.
Mark 5. 36. Mat.
14. 31. Job 35. 14.
¦f Heb. delivering
thou haft not deli
vered.

1 6 There is no ftraw given unto thy
fervants, and they fay to us, Make
brick : and, behold, thy fervants are
beaten ; but the fault is in thine own
people. 17 But he faid, Ye are idle, ye are
idle : therefore ye fay, Let us go and do
facrifice to the Lord.
1 8 Go therefore now and work ; for
there fhall no ftraw be - given you, yet
fhall ye deliver the tale of bricks.
19 And the officers of the children
of Ifrael did fee that they were in l evil
cafe, after it was faid, ye fhall not minifh
ought from your bricks of your daily
talk. 20 5[ And- they met Mofes and Aaron,
who ftood in the way, as they came forth
from Pharaoh :
21 And they faid unto them, The
Lord m look upon you, and judge ;
becaufe ye have made our favour n to be
abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in
the eyes of his fervants, to put a fword
in their hands to flay us.
22 % And Mofes ° returned unto the
Lord, and faid, Lord, wherefore haft
thou fo evil entreated this people ? why
is it that thou haft fent me ?
23 For p fince I came to Pharaoh, to
fpeak q in thy name, he hath done evil to
this people ; r neither haft thou + delivered
thy people at all.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Let me here remark, that,
however poor and defpicable the people of God may be on earth,
he will acknowledge them, and in his own time plead their caufe.
The moft prefumptuous rebellion againft God's will is founded
in ignorance of him : and, while perfecutors obftinately cleave to
their wickednefs, God's people ought to be peculiarly careful of
offending him. It is no new thing for carnal men to look on re
ligious worfhip as ufelefs or hurtful, and to improve God's de
mands upon his people as a fpur to their own cruelty : and cruel
princes never want cruel agents to promote their barbarous pur
pofes. In evil times God's minifters may expeft a double fhare
of abufe at all hands; and be blamed as the caufes of diftrefs,
when they are but the innocent, the dutiful, occafions of it. But
what a mercy is it that they have a God to go to with their
complaints ! Surely there is need to believe in hope againft hope,
fince the heavieft trials may happen when we expert, and are even
at the day-break of, remarkable deliverances ! Meanwhile, let me

Cha?.VI. Ver. l. God's ftrong hand, and firetched out arm, denote the remarkable
manifeftations of his power, in plaguing the Egyptians, dividing the Red Sea, &c.
Ver. 3. God was not fo much manifefted to the patriarchs by this his name ffe-
Irvab, which denotes his feJf-exiftence, neceffary exiflence, felf-fufficiency, iade-

C H A P. VI.
Here, (i) To perfuade Mofes of the certainty of Ifrael' s
deliverance, God renews his promife of it : declares-
that his name is Jehovah, the promife-performing-
God; that he had eftablifhed his covenant with them
in the perfons of their progenitors ; and that he re
garded their affiiclion ; i — 5. (2) He chargeth
Mofes to aflfure his brethren that God would deliver
them from Egypt, render them his peculiar people, and
fettle them in Canaan; but through anguifh they re
gard it not; 6 — 9. (3) Mofes ftill ex cirfing him
felf from his office, God gives him and Aaron a pe
remptory charge to require Pharaoh again to let the
Hebrews go; 10 — 13,26 — 30. (4) To introduce
the genealogy of Mofes and Aaron, that of the Reu
benites, Simeonites, and Levites, is irferted ; 14—
25-
THEN the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Now fhalt thou fee what I will do
to Pharaoh : for a with a ftrong hand fhall
he let them go, and with a ftrong hand
fhall he drive them out of his land.
2 And God fpake unto Moles, and faid
unto him, I b am the Lord :
2 And I appeared unto Abraham, unto
Ifaac, and unto Jacob, by the name of
z God Almighty, but by my name dJE-
HOVAH was I not known to them.
4 And I have alfo e eftablifhed my
covenant with them, to give them the
land of Canaan, the land of their f pil
grimage, wherein they were ftrangers.
5 And I have alfo heard the g groan
ing of the children of Ifrael, whom the
Egyptians keep in bondage ; and I have
h remembered my covenant.

Before Chrifl
1491.

aCh.i.io,2o.&ir. 1. & 12. 33, 34. &
13. 3. & 14. 16.
Beut. 4. 34. & 5.
15.&6.21.&7.S.
H.63.9,12. 1 Chr.
17.21,22. Dan. 9.
jrjf-'Jer. 32. 20, 21.
Adrs 7. 36.
b Gen. 18. 14. & 17.
I. If. 42. 8. :MM.
19. 26. and fo able
to do what I pro
mife.

cCh. 14. 18. &17.T.
& 28. 3. 8c 48. 3.
Job II. 7.
d If. 44. 6. Afts 17.
23. Pf. 83. 18.
e Gen. 6. 18. & 15.
13, 18. & 17.8. &
28. 4. 2 Sam.23. 5.
ch. j. 6, a. '
fGen. 17.8.&26.J.
Pf. 105. 13. Hsb.
11. 13. Afts 7. 5.
g Ch. 2. 23, 24. & 3.
7. If. 63.9- W. 34.
6, 15. Rom. 8, its,
h Gen. 8. 1. Pf. 106.
4, 44, 45. & 105.8.

think of the bondage of heathenifh and antichriftian fuperftition,
idolatry, oppreflion, and perfecution, from which God hath deli
vered, and will deliver, his gofpel-church. But how much more
oppreffive is the bondage of our natural and unregenerate ftate ! —
the bondage to a broken law, which demands the perfect perform
ance of every duty, and yet denies all ftrength for that effecl:! — >
the bondage to divers lufts, which lade men with guilt, drown
them in perdition, and pierce them through with many forrows ! — ¦
the bondage to this world, in minding nothing but carnal things! —
the bondage of the fears of death and hell, which often render life
a burden! — and the bondage to Satan, who goeth about feeking
whom he may devour ! Bleffed for ever be the Lord, who hath.
fent a Saviour and a great one to deliver us! Dare not, my foul,
to murmur againft him, though fires fhould go before him, and it
mould be very tempeftuous roundabout him. Weeping may en
dure for a night, but joy cometh in the morning.

pendency ; and his being not only Being itfelf, but alfo the effectual and eminent giver
of being to his promifes and' creatures ; nor had he given aclual being to his promifes
in the remarkable fulfilment thereof.

}Aofes fears ; genealogy of Reuben, &c.
*%um 6 Wherefore fay unto the children of
icn. 5. 8,16,17,*°. Ifrael, 1 1 am the Lord, and I will bring
4.&'Sa4?pf.°8.' you out from under the burdens of the
I3.oc8i.6.cl\. 10. J fc
«!£&'&X«: Egyptians, and I will rid you out of their
bondage, and I will redeem you with a
i?'}t\(. 9. 15; k ftretched out arm, and with great iudg-
17, 21. lee rer. 1. ' O J O

CHAP. VI.

1 Chr. 17. 21, 2i.

hr. 17
tt. 26.

8,g.

ments

I Gen. 17.7. ch. 19.
5,6.Jer.ji.33.&

ni Ch. 16. 12. &
46- Deut. 29. 6.
Jer. Ur 7-

BGen. ic.18. 8c 26.
3. &2B. It. &46.

o Heb.hand.,
Deut. 32. 40.'

7 And 1 1 will take you to me for a
fko^|4CDe«. people, and I will be to you- a God:
wu?Tit'.2?si44' and ye fhall m know that I am the Lord
?9. your God, who bringeth you out from
under, the burdens of the Egyptians.
8 And " I will bring you in unto the
icM.(r,i7.-* jan(j concerning the which I did ° fwear
¦.mupmy to give it to Abraham, to Ifaac, and to
i, Gen. 14.22. O 7 7
,1.32-40. Jacob; and I will p give it you for an
p Gen. 12. 7. & 13. f . _ . -° J
iT&lj'.z&f' heritage : 1 q am. the Lord.
»!*S*S 9 And Mofes fpake fo unto the chil-
4-°J^&i?'i| dreii of Ifrael : but they hearkened not
&5'i7.74.^jeflih: unto Mofes for r anguifh of fpirit, and
^fti'ZZZs. for cruel bondage.
"'^F80'8'^ IO H And tne Lord fpake unto Mofes,
ijs. 12. & 136. 17 favino".
—22. Jer. 32. 20, ±cVi"oJ
"' „ 1 1 Go in, fpeak unto Pharaoh king of
q Gen. 18. 14. Rom, * -t O
SslniN.5mz91?rit' Egypt, that he let the children of lirael
,.2.2T.„i.2„3. go out of his land.
r Heb. Jbortnefs, or ° ,
nfSSSl. « 44' * 2 And Moles fpake before the Lord,
^'i^pat faying, Behold, the children of Ifrael
as. thV. thought have not hearkened unto me ; how then
their deliverance ¦ '
cTdSiSeS- lhall Pharaoh hear me, who am of s un-
fider nor believe * „ • j- i i ¦ ^
what Mofes faid circumciied lips r
s Have a diragre=. I3 ' And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
%ech?oh?4°io. and unto Aaron, and gave them a charge
sT'Marki^,!4' unt0 the children of Ifrael, and unto
t ver. 25-29. pf.77. Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the chil-
^m.1,0^'!4' ^ren °* Ifrael out of the land of Egypt.
1 4 ^[ Thefe ^ the heads of their fa-
'^"•^ thers' houfes : " The fons of Reuben the
1 cnr. tf. 3, Num. _ _ _
*i.fi: firft-born of Ifrael; Hanoch, and Pallu,
Hezron, and Carmi : thefe be the families
of Reuben.
* KurlrX' «' "' * 5 * Anc^ ^e ^ons °^ Simeon ; JemUel,
ichr.4.24.'1- an(i Jamin, and Ohad, and Jachin, and
Zohar, and Shaul the fon of a Canaan-
itifh woman : thefe are the families of
Simeon. 1 6 5T And thefe are the names of the
^'v^S: y fons of Levi, according to their gene
rations ; Gerfhon, and Kohath, and

Mic.C,5. I Sam.
Hof. 12. 13. Atls
7- 35, 36-

46. 11.

Mifhael, c^.,0-4'Nuao

¦Genealogy of Mofes and Aaron*
Merari. And the years of the life of *%T*
Levi were an hundred. thirty and {even — — — —
years. 17 The rfons of Gerfhon; Libni, and E&™'.'&23-I7?h''
Shimi, according to their families.
18 And athe fons of Kohath; Am-'*}^
ram, 'and Izhar, and Hebron, and Uz-
ziel. And the years of the life of Kohath
were an hundred thirty and three years.
19 And the b fons of Merari; Mahali £^?kii.vi.t'
and Mufhi : thefe are the families of Levi
according to their generations.
20 And c Amram took him Tochebed c ^-w-'tms ™"£
his father s fifter to wife ; and flie bare tU0U5-
him Aaron and Mofes. And the years of
the life of Amram were an hundred and
thirty and feven years.
2 1 And the fons of Izhar ; d Korah, d £mil ;'"&?
and Nepheg, and Zichri.
22 And the c fons of Uzziel
and Elzaphan, and Zithri.
23 And Aaron took him Elifheba
daughter of f Amminadab, lifter of Naa- r Rmh^'igfU:7'
fhon, to wife ; and fhe bare him g Nadab »-4-'
andAbihu, Eleazar and Ithamar. g6C,hrL^'.','o?'i&
24 And the h fons of Korah ; Afiir, and &"m' 3' *'
Elkanah, and Abiafaph : thefe are the hflZ.tdl;lh
families of the Korhites. 37' zs'4"
25 And Eleazar Aaron's fon took him
one of the daughters of Putiel to wife;
and1 fhe bare him Phinehas : thefe are ; ^""'.jo^'a.'*
the heads of the fathers of the Levites rti<^.%ti^'
according to their families.
26 Thefe are k that Aaron and Mofes, ^IdifflTfzl
to whom the Lord faid, Bring out the ^'j.*4-5'15™'
children of Ifrael from the land of Egypt
according to their l armies.
27 Thefe are ni they who fpake to Pha
raoh king of Egypt, to bring out the
children of Ifrael from Egypt: thefe are mch.s.i.&7.,»
that Mofes and Aaron.
28 *j[ And it came to pafs, on the day *49»«
when the Lord fpake unto Moles in the
land of Egypt,
29 That the Lord fpake unto Mofes, '
faying, I am the Lord : " fpeak thou n^*;f J*?**;
unto Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I fay 5&££ '
unto thee.

1 Ch. 12. 37, jr. &
13. 18. Num. ii. &
x. In numerous
tribes and fami
lies, in military
order, and with,
great power.

30 And Mofes faid before the Lord,

v«.

7. He took them under his immediate government, that they might know

and ferve him, and receive from him his diftinguiflied benefits, temporal and fpiritual.
N 2

Mofes and Aaron further encouraged.

EXODUS.

Aaron* s rod turned into a ferpent.

Before Chrift
149'-
© Ch. 4. 10. fee

0 Behold, I am of uncircumcifed lips, and
how fhall Pharaoh hearken unto me ?
CHAP. VII.
Here, ( 1 ) Mofes and Aaron being further directed and
encouraged of God, proceed to execute their commif
fion without more difputing; 1 — 7. (2) By God's
diretlion, Mofes proves a divine authority for his de
mand of Ifrael' s difimiffion, by the miraculous turning
of Aaron's rod into a ferpent : but the magicians
imitating the fame, Pharaoh hardens himfelf againft
the conviclion; 8 — 13. (3) After fair warning,
he chaflifes Pharaoh and his Egyptians, by turning
their water into, blood for feven days: but the ma
gicians imitating this alfo, Pharaoh hardens himfelf
againft the ftroke, while his fubjecls, by digging new
wells, attempt to avoid it; 14 — 25.
ND the Lord faid unto Mofes,
See, I have made thee a a god to
Pharaoh ; and Aaron thy brother fhall be
thy prophet.
2 Thou fhalt fpeak b all that I com-
^'j^.ig- mand thee : and Aaron thy brother fhall
24' ?{. khr.™: fpeak unto Pharaoh, that he fend the chil
dren of Ifraelout of his land.
2 And c I willharde'n Pharaoh's heart,
,., j hn4..48-„Rom. and multiply my d figns and my wonders
' "" in the land of Egypt.
4 But Pharaoh fhall not hearken unto
you, that I may lay my e hand upon
mine f armies,

a Ch. 4. 16. Jer. i.
10. ch. 22. 28.
John 10. 34, 35.
Pf. 82. I, 0.

b Mat. 28. 20. 1 Cor,
4. 2. Ezek. 3

c Ver. 13. fee ch. 4.
21.

15. 18, 19. Afts 2.
22. Heb. 2. 4.
Mark 16. 20.

• Ch. 9. 3. Judg. 2,
15. 1 Sam. 12. 15
Lam. 3. 3.

Egypt, and bring, forth
fc&i5i.17ff^'"' and my people the children of Ifrael, out
g See ch. 6. i, 6.

of the land of Egypt by great E judg
ments. 5 And the Egyptians fhall h know that
I am the Lord, when I ftretch forth mine
hand upon Egypt, and bring out the
children of Ifrael from among them.
6 And Mofes and Aaron did "' as the
»e^t'i9o&5'29' Lord commanded them, fo did they.

ipf.9. 16. &5S. 11
& 83. 18. Ezek
25. 17. 8c 28. 22,

JCh. 12.28. Pf.119,
4,6. Deut. 12. 32

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — In our greateft extremity,
God often interpofes for our relief, and the hardeft work is eafily
effected when he puts his hand to it. If his mighty arm of mercy
or judgment be ftretched out, when he begins he will make an
end. Certain is that deliverance for which the character, the co
venant, the pity, the purpofe, and the power, of God, are all en
gaged ; and yet the obje&s thereof, through anguifh of fpirit, or
through his delay of performance, put his ftrong confolations
from them. The frowardnefs of gofpel-hearers «makes minifters
to defpair of fuccefs with others, and to repeat the excufes which

Chap. VII. Ver. I. Mofes was a god to Pharaoh :he dealtwith him in the name
and authority of God, and puniihed his difobedience with plagues, which none but God
lould inflict.
Ver. 6. They manifefted the nobleft courage in fpeaking to, or dealing with, proud
Pharaoh, and the moft exact, fidelity in the execution of all God's commands.
Ver. ia, 22. Whether the magicians impofed upon the fight of the fpefiators, by
artfully conve\ing away the rods, and putting ferpents in their places; or whether Satan

7 And Mofes was k fourfcore years old,
and Aaron fourfcore and; three years old,
when they fpake unto Pharaoh.
8 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
9 When Pharaoh fhall fpeak unto you,
faying, Shew a miracle - for you ; then
thou fhalt fay unto Aaron, Take thy
1 rod, and caft // before Pharaoh, and it
fhall become a ferpent.
i o And Mofes and Aaron went in unto
Pharaoh, and they did fo m as the Lord
had commanded : and Aaron caft. . down
his rod before Pharaoh, and before his
fervants, and it became a ferpent.
1 1 Then Pharaoh alfo called the n wife
men and the forcerers : now the magi
cians of Egypt, ° they alfo did in like
manner with their enchantments.
12 For they caft down every man, his
rod, and they became ferpents : but
p Aaron's rod fwallowed up their rods.
13 And he q hardened Pharaoh's heart,
that he hearkened not unto them ; as the
Lord had faid.
14 ^[ And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Pharaoh's heart is hardened, he refufeth
to let the people go..
1 5 Get thee unto Pharaoh in r the
morning; lo, he goeth out unto the
water, and thou fhalt ftand by the river's
brink againft he come ; and the rod which
was turned to a ferpent fhalt thou take
in thine hand.
1 6 And thou fhalt fay unto him, s The
Lord God of the Hebrews hath fent me
unto thee, faying, Let my people go,

Before Chrin
'49'-
k Afts 7. 23, 30..

ICh, 4. 2, j, 17,2s

m Ver. 6, 9*

n Gen. 41. 8. Dam z»
z-&4.6.If.47.n.l

0 2 Thef. 2. 9— 11,
Rev. 13. 13, 14.
a, Tim. 3. 8.

p Afls 6. 10. 1 John
4- h 4-
q Seech. 4. 21. Ronu
2. 5. Zech. 7. 11,
12. ch. 8. 15. & 10.
20, 27. If. 63, 17..

r Ch. 9. 13. Pf. K*
8. Eccl. 9. 10.
Deut. 32. 3J.

s Ch. J. 1—4. Sc z.
12, 18. Jer. 2}. 28,
29. Mat. 7.20. Jer.
1.8,17— 19. Num.
24. 13. z Cits. 18.
•3-

God hath already anfwered, till he charge them on their peril to
obey his appointments. O the perverfenefs of the human heart, and
its enmity againft God ! Before he calls, what numbers run un-
fent ! When he calls to his fervice, what averfenefs to comply ! — ¦
Whatever my pedigree be, whether honourable or ignominious,
let me reckon it my chief honour to be God's favourite, and to be
made ufeful in doing good to fouls. — Let me, without gainfaying,
obey his voice, and provoke him not ; and though my work be
difficult or dangerous, as my days are fo fhall my ftrength be.

actuated the rods, and made them to appear as ferpents ; or whether, for the hardening
of Pharaoh, God himfelf effected this change, is hard to determine. It was more
eafy to impofe upon fpectators, in turning the water into blood, or in bringing up
frogs. But it is manifeft that all which the magicians did increafed the plagues, but
could not remove them; and that the fwallowing up of their rods by Aaron's, and
their inability to produce lice, proved that Mofes' miracles were effected by a power in
finitely fuperior to what they had in command.

44. « l°5- *9-
fe. 8. 8. & 16.
3-6.

&c.

S Heb. gathering ./ all theil"
their waters.
Gen. I. io.

Egyptian waters tunned into blood.
Before ch<.ft j.]^ t^ey may ferve me ;n tne wildernefs :
 ¦ — and, behold, hitherto thou wouldeft not
hear- 17 Thus faith the Lord, In this thou
'^Vio'&s'sJ. fhalt l know that I am the Lord : behold,
E«t25.»7.& j w^ £-m-te ^fa tne rQ(j t]lat ^ -m mine
hand upon the- waters which are in the
.,ch.K». pf-7«- river, and they fhall be turned to u blood.
18 And the fifh that is in the river
fhalt die, and the river fhall ftink ; and
.. s.y«.24.&8,9. the Egyptians fhall x lothe to drink of the
water of the river.
19 <[[And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
y-c^-^&S; Say unto Aaron, ? Take thy rod, and
ftretch out thine hand upon the waters of
Egypt, upon their ftreams, upon their
rivers, and upon their ponds, and upon
pools of water, that they may
become blood ; and that there may be
blood throughout all the land of Egypt,
both in veffels of wood, and in veffels of
ftone. 20 And Mofes and Aaron did fo, as
the Lord commanded ; and he lifted up
the rod, and fmote the waters that were
in the river, in the light of Pharaoh, and
*¥%$¦£"%. in the fight of his fervants; and all a the
*°v7: Mat6'7JifI: waters that were in the river were turned
rSam. 13. 33. .-,-,
JflrheCi .6- Jer. 2. fQ blood.
Sov,.9,.3.4'&j. 2-j And ^g gflj thaf. was ^ ^ fiver
died ; and the river ftank, and the Egyp
tians could not drink of the water of the
river : and there was blood throughout
all the land of Egypt,

CHAP. VII. VIII.

Egypt plagued with frogs.

bVer. 11. & 8.7,8.
2Tim. 3. 8.

22 b And the magicians of "Egypt did
fo with their enchantments : and Pha
raoh's heart was hardened, neither did he
hearken unto them ; as the Lord had
faid. 23 And Pharaoh turned, and went

Before Chrift
¦149'-
cCh.o. 21. Ii. 5. u»

. 0. 21. Ii
63- 17.

into his houfe, neither did he fet c his
heart to this alfo.
24 And all the Egyptians digged round
about the river for water to drink ; for
they could not drink of the water of the
river. 25 And feven days were fulfilled, after
that the Lord had fmitten the river.
CHAP. VIII.
Here, (1) The fecond plague, viz. of frogs, is threat
ened and infliiled by God, and is imitated by the ma
gicians ; is removed on Pharaoh's humble requeft ;
neverthelefs he continues hardened; T — 15. (2) The
third plague, viz.. ofYice, is inficled; cannot be imi
tated by the magicians ; neverthelefs, Pharaoh ftill
hardens himfelf againft God; 16 — 19. (3) The
plague of flies is denounced againft the whole land of
Egypt, except where the Ifraelites dwelt ; this forces
Pharaoh to humble himfelf, and allow the Hebrews
to leave the country ; but, on the removal of it, he
again hardens his heart, and recalls his permififion;
20 — 32.
AND the Lord fpake untoMofes, aGo ^m^^**
unto Pharaoh, and fay unto him, llck^'oSr.
Thus faith the Lord, Let my people go, X?kifedf%i'*-
that they may ferve me. .
2 And if thou refufe to let them go,
behold, I will fmite all thy borders with
frogs :
3 And the river fhall bring forth frogs
abundantly, which fhall go up and come
into thine houfe, and into thy bed
chamber, and upon . thy bed, and into
the houfe of thy fervants, and upon thy
people, and into thine ovens, and into
thy * kneading-troughs : • or, <&<«*,
4 And the frogs fhall come up both on
b thee, and upon thy people, and upon bf0f;'I7.-40>&S1,
all thy fervants.
5 \ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
Say unto Aaron, Stretch forth thine hand
with thy rod over the ftreams, over the

Reflections upon Chap. VII.— How great is the conde-
fcenfion of God, in putting fome of his honour upon finful men,
and in fpeaking to us by them, that his dread may not make us
afraid ! But, amidft trials and discouragements^ minifters have need
to be fully Satisfied that, whatever contradiction they meet with,
God fhall be glorified by their work, both- in them that are faved,
and in them that perifh. Happy thofe who know the Lord to te
God by. his fulfilment of promiies to them : but miferable indeed
are they who know him to be God by the execution of his ven
geance upon them ! The conteft between Almighty God and the
ftrongeft worms of mankind is greatly unequal ; let the potfherds
ftrive with the potfherds of the earth ; for, if men will not bow

before the fceptre of his- grace, they muft break beneath the rod of
his judgment! But, in mercy, God often warns before he pu
ddles them. Sinners frequently defire to fee miracles, not for
their conviction, but to ftrengthen their unbelief. And readily is
Satan permitted to harden fuch in their fin by his lying wonders.
Through his influence men harden themfelves againft warnings,
againft judgments, and deliverances: and, whatever otlur fhifts,
they try for relief, they will not fo much as cry to God when he
bindeth them. But the caufe of God and truth fhall prevail at
laft, and reign without contradiction : and dreadful fhall be the
juft miferies of them who opprefled his people and contemned.
his admonitions !

Frogs removed', plague of lice.

EXODUS.

"Before Chrift
149 1.

rivers,: and over the ponds, and caufe
"".frogs to come up upon the land of Egypt.
6 And Aaron ftretched out his hand
over the waters of Egypt; and the
r'K.^. 45. & 105. c frogs came up, and covered the land of
30. Rev. 16.13,14. O r7
Egypt. y d And the magicians did fo with
their enchantments, and brought up frogs
upon the land of Egypt.
8 ^[ Then Pharaoh called for Mofes and
^k^.I'aS Aaron,- and faid, * Entreat the Lord, from
will let

«I Ch. 7. 11, 22
zTim. 3. 8.

13-
8. 24. Num. 2

p'rot. ufi"il.' that he may take away the frogs i
ve--. 25, 28. & 10, me, and from my people; and If wil

¦fVi 8, 24. Jer. 22.23.

Mat 2ier3'oMpi!' the people go, that they may do facrifice

78. 34, 36. unto the Lord.
*0£erZ''r"rtrZ 9 And Moles faid unto Pharaoh, A Glo-
ffiS^^TSSI ry over me : when fhall I entreat for thee,
be removed, fee -, .- i f 1 /- 1 1
ycr. m. and for thy fervants, and for thy people,
tn^.,ocu,.f. tQ t deftroy the frogs from thee and thy
houfes, that they may remain in the river
* only r
t He either thought io And he faid, +¦ To-morrow. And
God could not re- ¦ 7
Sy, or'Tkafl't he faid, Be it according to thy word ; that
slltofiaown thou s mayeft know that there is none
like unto the Lord our God.
1 1 ' And the frogs fhall depart from
thee, and from thy houfes, and from thy
fervants, and from thy people ; they fhall
remain in the river only.
12 And Mofes and Aaron went out
from Pharaoh : and Mofes h cried unto
, becaufe of the frogs which he
had brought as:ainft Pharaoh.

move
accord.

gPf. 9. 16.&83. 18.
8c, sS. 11. Deut.
32. 31. fee ch. 7.
17.

h Ch, 32. 10, "II.
Ezek. %f\. 37. Jam.
5.16,17,18- the Lord

; Ver. o— -it. If. 45*
n. Mat. 7. 7.
Mark 11. 24.

*3

And the Lord did * according to

the word of Mofes : and the frogs died
out of the houfes, out of the villages, and
out of the fields.
14 And they gathered them together
^u'Tr^f' upon heaps ; and the land k ftank.
1 5 But, when Pharaoh faw that there
1 toi's.n.ach': was refpite, he ' hardened his heart, and
^.Vlz"*'1' hearkened not unto them; as the Lord
had faid.
1 6 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Say unto Aaron, Stretch ovit thy rod,
and fmite the duft of the land, that it
6iPf.T0s.ii. may become m lice throughout all the
land of Egypt.
1 7 And they did fo ; for Aaron ftretch
ed out his hand with his rod, and fmote

Plague of flies forces Pharaoh, &<*,
the duft of the earth, and it became lice ^V?*
in man and in beaft : all the duft of the
land became lice throughout all the land
of Egypt. 18 And the magicians did fo with their
enchantments to bring forth lice, but they
n could not : fo there were lice upon man '^"t^*
and upon beaft. Ii.'i« mSm?'
19 Then the magicians faid unto Pha
raoh, This is the ° finger of God : and a]j^&**
Pharaoh's heart was p hardened, and he aibmesf&'''' ,
7 work. /
hearkened not unto them; as the. Lord Pseech.4.s..*T.
1 j /- ¦ j 13, M, 22. ver. 15,
had laid. Rom.z,s.
20 ^f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Rife up early in the morning, and ftand
before Pharaoh ; (lo, he cometh forth to
the water ;) and fay unto him, Thus
faith the Lord, q Let my people go, that 'Sl-/^5-**
they may ferve me :
2 1 Elfe, if thou wilt not let my people
go, behold, I will fend r fwarms of flies '^LTS-f
upon thee, and upon thy fervants, and ms'.*'.78"45**
upon thy people, and into thy houfes :
and the houfes of the Egyptians fhall be
full of fwarms of flies, and alfo the ground
whereon they are.
22 And I will s fever -in that day the *^.n&n.\^k
land of Gofhen, in which my people
dwell, that no fwarms of flies fhall be
there ; to the end thou ' mayeft know ' t^&^s^
that I am the Lord in the midft of the %£&££
earth. 23 And I will put §¦ a di vifion between *»¦*•<¦"*»**«.¦
my people and thy people : 1 to-morrow n or, j, 1**™*
fhall this fign be.
24 And the Lord did fo: and u there n^i.4S'*
came a grievous fwarm of flies into the
houfe of Pharaoh, and into his fervants'
houfes, and into ail the land of Egypt :
the land was "corrupted by reafon of the *or,^.M
fwarm of flies.
25 ^[ And Pharaoh called for Mofes
and for Aaron, and' faid, Go ye, facrifice
to your God in the land.
26 And Mofes faid, x It is not meet fo %ch;4!',8'iCofc
to do; for we fhall facrifice the "1 abomi- yGe^n|fs*hfch
nation of the Egyptians to the Lord our l%Hl&™
God: lo, fhall ve facrifice the abornina- thelirr.gh£"'*'
tion of the Egyptians before their eyes,
and will they not ftone us ?

Plague of flks removed.

Before ChriH
«Ch. 3.18. 8c 1. 1,
3. &c 10. 9, 26. 8c
xix, &c.
a Hof. 10. 2. Ezek.
33- 3>-

V Ver. 8, 19. ch. 9.
28. & io. 17.
I Kin. 13.6. Ezra
6, 10. A£ts 8. 24.
Rom. 15. 30.

C See ver. 8. I Kin.
m. 21. Job 13. 9.
Pi 78. 34, 36, 57,
Cii. 6. 7.

27 We wilt go three days journey into
the wildernefs, and facrifice to the Lord
our God, as z he fhall command us.
28 And Pharaoh faid, a I will let you
go, that ye may facrifice to the Lord
your God in the wildernefs ; only ye
fhall not go very far away : b entreat for
me. 29 And Mofes faid, Behold, I go out
from thee, and I will entreat the Lord
that the fwarms of flies may depart from
Pharaoh,, from his fervants, and from his
people, to-morrow : but let not Pharaoh
c deal deceitfully any more in not letting
the- people go to facrifice to the Lord.
30 And Mofes went out from Pharaoh,

CHAP. IX.. Plagues of murrain and ofboils%
2 For if b' thou refufe to let them go,

djam. 5. t6. Mat. 7.
7. Mark 11. 34.

tEech. 7. 11, ii.
Eccl. 8*. 11. leech.
4. 21- & 7, 3.41I3,
14,02. ver. i"5, 19.
Rom. 2.5. Job 9.4.

and entreated the Lord.
31 dAnd the Lord did according to the
word of Mofes ; and he removed the
fwarms of flies from Pharaoh, from his
fervants, and from his people ; there
remained not one.
32 And Pharaoh e hardened his heart
at this time alfo, neither would he let the
people go. CHAP. IX.
Here other three plagues are infiel ed upon Pharaoh and
his kingdom. _ ( I ) After warning, the fifth plague,
viz. of murrain, is inflicled on the cattle of the
Egyptians, while thofe of the Hebrews are fife; but
Pharaoh hardens himfelf; I — 7. (2) Without
wanting, the plague of boils is inflicled upon man
and beaft, particularly upon the magicians ; but Pha
raoh hardens his heart ; 8 — 12. (3) After warn
ing, and a fharp rebuke of Pharaoh's pride, the
plague of thunder, hail, and rain, is inflicled; this
terrifies him into a confieffion of his fin, and a promife
to difmifs the Ifraelites ; but no fiootier is it removed,
ai Mofes' requeft, than he again hardens 'his heart,
and recalls his promife ; 1 3 — 34..
THEN the Lord faid unto a Mofes,
Go in unto Pharaoh, and tell him,
K^o^'ico,. Thus faith the Lord God of the Hebrews,
Let my people go, that they may ferve
me.

»Ch.8. 1, 20. & 5. 1.
3. & 7. I, 15. Jer,
6. 8—13, 17, 18.
Ezek. 2. 6. & 3
17. Pf. 1 19. 46.

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — How terrible an enemy is
God, who, even by frogs, flies, and lice, can fubdue the moft
proud and potent cf his human oppofers; — can force them to their
prayers, and to feigned compliances with his will ! Great indeed is
his power, who can, at his pleafure, reftrain Satan and his agents;
and marvellous his kindnefs to his people, in diftinguifhing them
from their fellow-fmners of mankind,- and hiding them from com
mon, calamities under the fliadow of his wings. But, alas, how
3

Before Chrift
149 1.

b R.om. 2. 5, 8, 9.
Lev. 26. 14 — 16, -
23, 24.

cCh. 8.19,24. iSanu .
5. 6— 11. Pf. 78.
50. Thefe callle
they kept for la-"
hour, milk, or
wool, for' the
Egyptians kept
jioncforllaughter. .

and wilt hold them ftill,
3 Behold, the c hand of the Lord is
upon thy cattle which is in the field ;
upon the horfes, upon the affes, upon the
camels, upon the oxen, and upon the
fheep : there fhall be a very grievous
murrain. 4 And the Lord fhall f fever between iC%fjf<%££%;_
the cattle of Ifrael and the cattle of Egypt : "" I3'
and there fhall nothing die of all that is
the children's of Ifrael.
5 And the Lord appointed a fet etime, ef^. $*,"**_
faying, To-morrow ' the Lord fhall do» f7.fi! Iw*
this thing in the land.
6 And the Lord did that thing on
the morrow, and f all the cattle of Egypt '«*!*«'».
died :, but of the cattle of the children of
lirael died not one.
7 And Pharaoh, fent, and behold there
was not one of the cattle of the Ifraelites "
dead. And g- the heart of Pharaoh was s
hardened, and he did not let the people

Ch.3. 19. 8C£,ZT.-
8c 7. 14. & 8. 32.
If. 48. 4. Eccl. St. .
11. Zech..7. iv

h Ch. 8. 19. AMOS'
3-7-

f To mark that Gor! .
himfelf inflicted .
the piagne. ,

i Lev. 13. 18 — 20,'
Deut. 23.-27. Rev. -
16. 2.

8 <(f And the Lord faid unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, h Take to you handfuls
of afhes of the furnace, and let Mofes
fprinkle it + toward the heaven in the fight
of Pharaoh. 9 And it fhall become fmall duft in
all the land of Egypt, and fhall be a ; boil
breaking forth with blains upon man,
and upon beaft, throughout all the land
of Egypt. 1 o And they took afhes of the furnace,
and ftood = before Pharaoh :- and Mofes
fprinkled it up toward heaven ; and it
became a boil breaking: forth with blains
upon man and. upon beaft.
1 1 And the magicians k could not ftand kf Time's?
before Mofes becaufe of the boil ; for
the boil was upon the magicians, and
upon all the Egyptians.

quickly unrenewed hearts return to their wickednefs ; and reign
ing lufts break through every bond, and render men impudently
prefumptuous and fcandaloufly perfidious! — Let me, .with Mofes
and Aaron, be bold and faithful in every point in the fervice of
God ; neither fearing the wrath of kings nor the oppofition. of
devils : and let me always be ready to pray for mine enemies when
I have any encouragement to it, any hopes of their change of
heart, or of a bleffing from the Lord upon them,

Plague of thunder and hail inflicted',

EXODUS.

but removed at Mofes* reo,itefl.

E

cfpie Chrift

1491.

i :--

is:. 12. ch. 4.

11 h

. 6c $ . 10. & 7.
i?, 14. & 8. 19,

3-

. & I^.ItZO,,^.

II. TO. & 14. i).

Vi.

r. 7. 35. Rem.

%

y. Pi. St. 12.

%

The!'. 2. 9— 11.

1 2 And the Lord 1 hardened the heart
of Pharaoh, and he hearkened not unto
them ; as the Lord had fpoken unto
Mofes. 13 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
m£h,j; lf'£™l; Rife up m early in the morning, and ftand
ji.44C4.'vl6r'.,?' before Pharaoh, and fay unto him, Thus
faith the Lord God of the Hebrews,
Let my people go, that they .may ferve
me. 14 For I will at this time fend all my
*™yTcar?,t0 plagues upon n thine heart., and upon thy
Mic. 61 13. Dent, b- ° x . , . . l , y
32.4,39-41- fervants, and upon thy people; that thou
e5"z2'pf 916 &#° mayeft know that the,r.e is none like me
,«****'•"¦. in all the earth.
1 5 For now I will-ftretch out my hand,
that I may fmite thee and thy people
P^S:^' &'4' w'lta peftilence ; .and thou fhalt be p cut
off from the earth.
16 And in -very deed for a this
for

And Mofes- ftretched forth his rod

3s. 22, 23. pf. 78.
47, 48. is 105, 32,
31-

z Ch. 10. 6. Rev. 16,
18. 21. Dan, 12, 1,

up,

to

caufe
fhew in

''STw?*?* ro Ana m very
lP:t'i'8', have I + raffed thee
t Heb. made tbee _ ~
^hef'ti'thetone'l thee my power ; and that my name may
SSM^ be declared throughout all the earth.

mightmy glory in the
' marvellous de
ftruction of thy
kingdom.

1 7 As yet ¦ exalteft thou thy felf againft
my people, that thou wilt not let them
rlf. 10.15. &26..11. 5
'¦&37.23.&10.15. go f
Job 40. 2. & 9,4. O , . .
j cor. w.23. 1 y Behold, to-morrow about this time
I will caufe it to rain a very
hail, fuch as -hath not been in
fince the foundation thereof even

grievous Egypt until

now.

C Some cattle were
,to be preferved for

1 9 s Send therefore now, 'and gather thy
|uS-u? *£mHe! cattle, and all that thou haft in the field ;
ied sea, ch. ™for upon every man and beaft which fhall
be found in the field, and fhall not be
brought home, the hail fhall come down
upon them, and they fhall die.
20 He that ' feared the word of the
Lord, amongft the fervants of Pharaoh,
made his fervants and his cattle flee into
the houfes.
21 And he that " regarded, not the
word of the Lord left his fervants and
his cattle in the field.
22 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Stretch forth thine hand * toward heaven,
that there may be hail in all the land of
Egypt ; * upon man, and upon beaft, and
upon every herb of the field, throughout
the land of Egypt.

Before Chrift
23 And Motes- ltretcned tortn ms roa I49,.
toward heaven : andthe Lord fent y thun- y^^p^w
der and hail, and the fire ran along upon
the ground ; and the Lord rained hail
upon the land of Egypt.
24 So there was hail, and fire mingled
with the hail, very grievous, fuch as there
was none like it in all the land of Egypt
z fince it became a nation.
25 And the hail fmote throughout all
the land of Egypt all that was in the
field, both man and beaft: and the hail
fmote every herb of the field, and brake
every tree of the field.
26 * Only in the land of Gofhen, where
the children of Ifrael were, was there no
hail. 27 % And Pharaoh fent, and called for
Mofes and Aaron, and faid unto them,
b I have finned this time : the Lord is
righteous, and I and my people are
wicked. 28 c Entreat the Lord (for it is enough)
that there be no more d mighty thunder -
ings and hail ; and I will let you go, and
ye fhall flay no longer.
29 And Mofes faid unto him, As foon
as I am gone out of the city I e will
fpread abroad my hands unto the Lord ;
and the thunder fhall ceafe,^ neither fhall
there be any more hail; that f thou ''^S'.U'.t8'
mayeft know how that the s earth is the g 5f^&£0.'?;,
Lord's. icor.'io.*.
30 But, as for thee and thy fervants, I
know that ye will h not yet fear the Lord hTi*f*&
J J 28. 5- «• 5- «<
Rom. 2, 4, 5.
ver. 34.

aCh. 8. 22. Setts.
23,&ii.7.If.!i, 18. Pf. 46, 1. 3c
91. 1— 10.

b Ch, 10. 16. Nun:,
22.' 34. I Sam. 15.
24.&26.2i.Mat. 27. 4. Judg. 1. 7.
& 10. 10, 15. Pf.
78- J4i J&> S7- •
c Seech. 8. 8,28. Jok
34. j 1, 32.
d Heb. voices ofGttt,
Pf. 29. 3, 4.

e2Shr.6. 13. Effl»
9. 5. John. 13.
Pf. 143-6.

t Jon. 1. 16. &3
t- A£te to. 35.

tt Heb. fet 'not his
tcart imu,, Pf. 2"8.
5. if. 5. 12. ch. 5.
2. 2 Kin. 17. 6.
Hof. 4. 11. Jer. J.

• To mark that
<,'„d intlidU this
plague.
3 Deut. 28. 161 20,
*er. 23.

God. 3 1 And the flax and the barley were
fmitten ; for the barley was in the ear,
and the flax was boiled.
32 But the wheat and the rie were
not fmitten ; for they were + not grown *%%. bM"h
up. 22 And Mofes went out of the .city
from Pharaoh, and fpread abroad .his
hands unto the Lord : and the thunders
and hail.1 ceafed, and the rain was not
poured upon the earth.
24 And k when Pharaoh faw that the kg!^|
rain, and the hail, and the thunders,
were ceafed, he finned yet more, and

i Ch. 10. iS, 19' .
Jam. 5. 16, J7i "•

13, 21, 23. & *•
«r.7,u,">3S-

Plague oflocufls threatened,
¦ef^chrift kardene3 fog |ieart} he an(j his fer-
l~~  vants. 35 And the heart of Pharaoh was hard
ened, neither would he let the children
of Ifrael go ; -as the Lord had fpoken

CHAP. X.

and inflicled.

^m^Mtf o by Moles.
AlWcj, ch. I. 19. J
tc'4. 21. &f 6. i,
* 7- 3i 4-

CHAP.

X.

Here, (1) God declares that, in all the plagues of
Egypt, he. intended, his own glory, and the inftrudion
ef Ifrael; 1; 2. (2) The plague of locufts being
threatened, Pharaoh' s fervants inftigate him to let the
Hebrews depart ; but, as he would only allow the men
to go, it is inflicled. Hereupon Pharaoh confeffes his
fin; but when the locufts are removed at Mofes' rc-
queft, he again hardens his heart; 3 — 20. (3)
After warning, the ninth plague, of a total and ter
rible darknefs over all the land, except' where the He
brews dwelt, is inflicled, and continues for three days.
Hereupon Pharaoh offers to let all the Hebrews go,
providing they leave their cattle behind them ; and
outrageoufiy threatens Mofes for refuftng his terms ;
21 — 29.
AND the Lord faid unto Mofes, Go
in unto Pharaoh : a for I have har-
f^Swin, dened his heart, and the heart of his
Ii-iIeWii'i"' fervants, that I might fhew thefe my
figns before him :
•S^retaJui: 2 And tn7it thou b mayeft tell in the
"j* it 6.4?" ears of thy fon, and of thy fon's fon, what
things I have wrought in Egypt, and
my figns which I have done among them ;
c *&!«*£&' t^iat ye c may know how that I am the
28. 21. ch. 6. 7. & T __ _
16. 12 &2o'4fi. JLiORD.
Deut. 29. 6, Jer. \ \ ~\ l{ r IA •
*4.7.&33-34. 3 And Moles and Aaron came in unto
Pharaoh, and faid unto him, Thus faith
^il't^KcS'.V: tne Lord God of the Hebrews, d How
¦ ''' ¦ long wilt thou refufe to humble thyfelf
Let my people go, that
they may ferve me :
4 Elfe, if thou refufe to let my people
go, behold, to-morrow will I bring the
m'&"i-"! f locufts into thy coaft :
ch. 9. 32. fee ver. a i i n it 1 j /• /•
5 And they fhall cover the + face of the
earth, that one cannot be able to fee the

'»¦£ £*5i'?; before me ?
26, 27. &g. 1, 13.
&}. IS.

+ Heb, tft.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — God can execute the moft
numerous, diverfified, and extenfive, judgments upon fuch as hate
him. He can eafily make what we have idolized, whether our
cattle, our bodies, or fields, the immediate objedts of our punifh
ment ; and how fevere is the punifhment which he hath laid up
in ftore for fuch as have been moft inflrumental in deceiving and
hardening others ! Satan can delude men into fin, but he cannot
preferve them from fuffering. And in tremendous fovereignty
God fixes on the objects of his wrath, and renders their profperity
Voi. I.

Before Chrift

earth : and they fhall eat the * refidue of ""%/
that which is efcaped, which remaineth s ch. 9. 3*.
unto you from the hail, and fhall eat every
tree which groweth for you out of the
field: 6 And they fhall fill thy houfes, and
the houfes of all thy fervants, and the
houfes of all the Egyptians ; h which h%?&i\'£:>til
neither thy fathers nor thy fathers fa- {^.jz^
thers have feen, fince the day that they $%&££*
were upon the earth unto this day. And .
he turned himfelf, and went out from
Pharaoh. 7 ^[ And Pharaoh's fervants faid unto
him, How long fhall this man be a i fnare ' ^TlXTi.-
unto us ? Let the men go, that they may ilzt^lUX^:
ferve the Lord their God : knoweft thou

not yet that Egypt is k deftroyed ?_

k Pf. 107. 34. 8c
10. 8c. ti$. 9<

%

8 And Mofes and Aaron were brought t0S'I7~3(i-
again unto Pharaoh: and he faid unto
them, Go, ferve the Lord your God;
but who are they that fhall go ?
9 And Mofes faid, l We will go with ' Ifjyj.f 9.
our young and with our old, with our l&. wenSintea
- •/,°.1 -. . ... our cattle tor fa-
fons and with our daughters, with our gi^JCfood
flocks and with our herds will we go ; u™w-
for we mufl hold a feaft unto the Lord.
10 And he faid unto them, "I" Let the t^tjmrtsodym
7 fa much boaft of
Lord be fo with you, as I will let you -f^S,^
can. It 19 plain

go, and your little ones : m look to it, for you are hanenin?
O .*_ . _ <. to your ruin ; ?.r.d
if yon trouble me
farther ycu fnall
imart for it.

23. 16, 3c 20. 26.
& 36. w-

evil is before you
1 1 Not fo : go now ye that are men,
and ferve the Lord; for that ye did m^'d-'
defire. n And they were driven out from " t ch|kvm.' t'
Pharaoh's prefence.
12 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Stretch out thine hand over the land of
Egypt for the locufts, that they may come
up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every
herb of the land, even all that the hail
hath left.
1 3 And Mofes + ftretched forth his rod £i^°^

% He (hook it to
wards the feveral

the'means of their ruin, to the praife of the. glory of his juftice.
Though men may fport with his judgments, the indignation of the
Almighty will moft certainly overtake them, and fall moft heavily
on thofe who remain under the power of a proud hell-hardened
heart; which neither warnings, however exprefs, nor j udgments,
however terrible, can imprefs. But happy are they who have God
for their friend and refuge ! Effectual fervent prayer to him is the
moft powerful antidote againft trouble, and under it the fureft help
and confolation.

Plague oflocufls and darknefs.

EXODUS.

Pharaoh refufes to let their cattle git.

ver. 6.

Ber%ffrift over the land of Egypt ; and the Lord
o ch. i4. 21. Gen. brought an ° eaft-wind upon the land all
jeV. is. ij.48' 7' that day, and all that night: and when it
was morning, the eaft-wind brought the
'tJ^I5* p locufts.
ffei\K!tii.37- 14 And the locufts went up over all
the land of Egypt, and refted in all the
coafts of Egypt : very grievous were they ;
before them there were no fuch locufts
as they, neither after them fhall be fuch.
q joei 2.2-11,20. k 1 For they covered the face of the
8c 1. 4, 6, 7, 10. J J
tm^'&I?^ whole earth, fo that the land was dark
er! ^-io?7' ened; and they did eat every herb of the
land, and all the fruit of the trees which
the hail had left : and there remained not
any green thing in the trees, or in the
herbs of the field, through all the land of
Egypt. .
-,neb.&,siwf,«/!. 16 ^[ Then .Pharaoh + called for Mofes
reu Num.21. and Aaron in hafte; and he faid, r I have
?ife'£i?S: finned againft the Lord your God, and
Mat. 27. 4. Judg. ¦ n
,0. re, i5. pi. 78. againft you.
„ job 34. 31,32. eh. 1 7 Now therefore s forgive, I pray thee,
i'aso'.M.job^: my fin only this once, and entreat the
Lord your God, that he may take away
. DeathM pia^ue, from me this ' death only.
iCorViV.f,'. 18 And he went but from Pharaoh,
nch.8..2,3o.&9. and u entreated the Lord.
$'nM5?i6fi7?i8. 19 And the Lord turned a mighty
ftrong weft-wind, which took away the
*§p*^V*'' l°cuftsr anc^ ca^ them into the x Red fea :
i^ST'D^t1.' there remained not one locuft in all the
4;/"t coafts of Egypt.
y Ch. 3. 19.&4.21. * O J IT iii T-11 i ,
fJ?622,' %1:l7t 20 But y the Lord hardened Pharaoh s
^;29,;334,ts9'7' heart, fo that he would'not let the children
Eccl. 8. 11. Rom. r -r r 1
LVjo" of Ifrael g°-

Before Chrifl
149a.

21 ^f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Stretch out thine hand toward heaven,
that there may be * darknefs over the land " j^-Jj**
of Egypt, even darknefs which maybe
felt. 22 And Mofes ftretched forth his hand
toward heaven ; and there was a thick
darknefs in all the land of Egypt three
days :
23 They faw not one another, neither
rofe any from his place for three days :
a but.all the children of Ifrael had light 'S:!^9*'
in their dwellings.
24 ^[ And Pharaoh called unto Mofes,
and faid, Go ye, ferve the Lord ; only
b let your flocks and your herds be *%££%>
flayed : let your little ones alfo go with
you. 25 And Mofes faid, Thou muft give
us alfo facrifices and burnt-offerings, that
we may facrifice unto the Lord our
God. 26 c Our cattle alfo fhall go with us ; cD,c™;%j*-,*™
there fhall not an hoof be left behind ;
for thereof muft we take to ferve the
Lord our God; and d we know not with
what we muft ferve the Lord until we
come thither.
27 % But the Lord e hardened Pha
raoh's heart, and he would not let them »

3. 9. Gen. 31. 18,
Deut. 17. 16. Hof.
2. 9. fee ver, 9.

d' Gen.' 12. 1. Heb.
U.S. Hof. 6. 3.

eCh.3.19. &4.11.
lee ver. 20. Rev.
9. 20. & 16. IO,

g°'

28 And Pharaoh faid unto him, f Get f *£!'$%.**
thee from me, take heed to thyfelf, fee
my face no more ; for in that day thou
feeft my face thou fhalt die.
29 And Mofes s faid, Thou haft fpoken E j?h':b;I";Z7•

Reflections upon Chap. X. — Let me, with holy awe, ob
ferve, that God intends the judgments which he executes as brand
ing memorials of his fupreme power and authority over all crea
tures, and of his victorious power over the kingdom of Satan, in
reftraining the malice, and chaftifing the infolence, of his and his
people's enemies. But there is nothing for which God more rea
dily quarrels with men than for their pride. Whole nations are
often ruined through the pride and obftinacy of their governors :
and, when Satan has got finners to the brink of ruin, he exeflfs all
his might in pufhing them down headlong. The early engage
ment of children in the fervice of God is exceedingly contrary to
the inclinations and interefts of Satan and his agents. But the

Chap. X. Ver. 36. I have finned againft you Hebrews, in cruelly ouprefiing you: I
have finned againft you, Mofes and Aaron, in fcornfully denying your juft demands.
Ver. 19. The fea, which runs along the eaft of fcgypt, is called the Red Sea,
either from the colour of the weeds in it; or, rather, becaufe it anciently belonged to
the Edomites; Gen. xxv. 30. for Edom fignifics Red.
Ver 13. The Ifraelites could have marched away in this darknefs j but God would

proudeft contemners of God's meffengers will be obliged to ftoop
to them at laft. Profefllons of repentance, extorted by punifhment,
are but hypocritical, and quickly iffue in more obftinate relapfes
into wickednefs : but fuch as baffle manifold conviclibns may ex
pect, to be given up to fuch hardnefs of heart, that nothing but the
flames of hell will imprefs or awaken their confeience. The ef
fectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much ; it often,
for a time, diverts the juft vengeance of God from his infolent ene
mies. The wicked need not therefore haflen the godly from
among them ; for, if once a full feparation be made, the former
will be irrecoverably and inexpreffibly miferable, and the juft judg
ment of God will no longer tarry.

have them brought forth, not as fugitives, hut as triumphant' conquerors.
Ver. 26. They were to leave nothing of their property behind them, that they
might have no temptation to return.
Ver. 29. Mofes faw Pharaoh no more; for he denounced fhe. death of tire firft-

born before he left his prefence. at this time; ch.
deftroyed, Pharaoh only fent to him: ch. xii. 3]

xi. 4— S 5 and, when they were

Mofes orders the Hebrews to afk jewels, &c. CHAP. XL
Befo« arm weii^ I wiH fee thy face again no

Death of the firfl-born threatened.

more.

CHAP. XI.

S. Gen 12.3

Here, (1) Mofes, threatened by Pharaoh, ch. x. 28,
boldly warns him, that the death of all the firft-born
of the Egyptians in one night would oblige hitn to
aifinifis the Hebrews in fafety; but Pharaoh contemns
his admonition; 4 — 10. (2) Before Mofes . gave
this warning, or immediately after, he, by God's ap
pointment, diretls the Hebrews to afk of the Egyptians
jewels of gold, and filver; i-r— 3.
N D the Lord faid unto Mofes, Yet
will 1 bring one plague more upon
Pharaoh, and upon Egypt ; afterwards he
will let you go hence : when he fhall let
¦?3j',439.h' you S° ne n™u furely a thruft you out

Before Chrift

A1

hence altogether.

2 Speak now in the ears of the peo-
hT;l%?£ •«-: P^, and let every man b borrow of his
neighbour, and every woman of her
neighbour, jewels of filver, and jewels of

105. j7.

gold.

>2?&"*i4 3 And the Lord c gave the people
favour in the fight of the Egyptians.
4 7-a9-7E'to-'9-T Moreover the man Mofes was d very
with Lake 24. 19. - J
great in the land of Egypt, in the fight
of Pharaoh's fervants, and in the fight of
the people.
¦c ToPtaraph, ch. 4 5F And Mofes faid, eThus faith the
ch. 4-'2V2."&'5. 1. Lord, f About midnight will I go out
f Af\f $.1: into the midft of Egypt :
^zi'tiViz, 5 Anc* all the firft-born in the land of
3?,:|s?&^| Egypt fhall die, from the firft-born of
136. 10.'"' ' Pharaoh that fitteth upon his throne, even
unto the firft-born of the maid-fervant
•JKMS: that is s behind the mill ; and all the
firft-born of beafts.
6 And there fhall be a h great cry
throughout all the land of Egypt, fuch as
there was none like it, nor fhall be like it
:any more.

Lam. 5. 13.

ii If. 15. 4, 5. ch. 12,
30. withch.g. 24
ban, 12. 1.

Reflections upon Chap. XI.— How extenfive is the in
dignation of God! He has ftill, in life, one plague mere to inflict,
even death in fin, and damnation to attend it ! Of this the guilty
finner has now warning; may the goodnefs of God lead him to re
pentance, left his righteoufnefs be ^manifefted in his awful judg
ment. Meanwhile, by increafing his ftrokes of wrath, he can
force men to fulfil his gracious purpofes and kind promifes to his
.people, if they refufe to do it willingly ; and will make his favour-

7 But againft any of the children of e%9i.
Ifrael ' fhall not a dog move his tongue, 77" ~~"
O O ' ' 1 Jofh. IO. n. Job c\
againft man or beaft : that ye may know £ ,tfE^.54'
k how that the Lord doth put a dif- tch.8. 22.1^1.;.
, . ¦* — 18. Pi. 4. 3. &91.
ference between the Egyptians and If- ;p°3.Jobs-
rael.
8 And all thefe l thy fervants fhall 1 ch. ,z. 3i, 3?.
» If. 49. zj.
come down ,unto me, and bow down
themfelves unto me, laying, Get thee • ,
out, and all the people that "follow m?°\£""h{a
thee ; and after that I will go out. And fJ'A-mh^
he went out from Pharaoh in " a great «pf-«9-9-Ma/k3.
O 5. £ph. 4. 26.
anger. 9 ^[ And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
0 Pharaoh fhall not hearken unto you ; 0^\t]9,i74;^'
that my wonders may be multiplied in R°ra' 9' l(h 17'
the land of Egypt.
10 And Mofes and Aaron did all thefe
wonders before Pharaoh. And the Lord
p hardened Pharaoh's heart, fo that he pch^ !,«.&«.
would not let the children of Ifrael go it *&&&,*
out of his land. !a4rsLD0?6.1'Jobo.4.Pf.8i.l2.£ Thcl. z, 11, 12,
CHAP, XII.
Contains, ( i ) The inftitution of the Hebrews' facred
year; 1,2. (2) The inftitution of the paffover for
commemorating their deliverance ; appointing the^ tak
ing, kiUing, and roafting of the lamb ; the fiprinkling
of the door-pofls with its blood; the time and manner
of eating it; pious conference thereat; and' perfons
partaking; -3 — 14, 21—28, 43—50. (3) The
inftitution of the feaft of unleavened bread on the fe
ven days following the paffover ; 14 — 20. (4) God's
flaying the firft-born of the Egyptians, while the He
brews feafted themfelves, forced Pharaoh and his
courtiers to fend away the Ifraelites, loaded as they
were with Egyptian wealth, and in the very time
which G°d had promifed to Abraham. They march
out in great order, and are attended by a mixed mul
titude; 29 — 42, 51.
AN D the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and Aaron in the land of Egypt,
faying,

ites ,perfe£tly fafe, -even in the midft of their enemies. Nay, he
will effectually redrefs the grievances, and repay the wages, of his
people, in his own time and manner, and maintain the honour of
his faithful fejvants, -in defpite of whatever hell and earth can do
to oppofe them ! But what a bitter grief to the minifters of Chrift
is the hardnefs and obftinacy of finners againft the Lord and his
Chrift ! And when fin is the object of our indignation we may be
angry and fin not.

'Chap. XI. Ver. 3. Mofes was very great; was much hpnoured, as one who could
Aring upon them fearful judgments, and remove them at his pleafure.
Ver. 4. l.will go out; manifctf my powerful and juft vengeance in an eirtinent
and extenlive manner.

Ver. 7. They fliall not meet with the fmalleft oppofition or difturbance in their
departure from Egypt.
Ver. &. Mofes' great anger manifefted his deteflation of Pharaoh's incurable ofc-
ftinacy^ and reprefented the terrible difplcafure of God againft him.
O 2

'fhe paffover is inflituted,

EXODUS.

tmdfeafl of unleavened bread.

Before Chrift
'4S1-
a Ch. 13,4. Deut.
16. I.

bPf. 89.19, 20. Heb.
5. 1. Prov. 8. 23.
C Or, kid, ver. 5, 19.
John 1. 29. 1 Cor,
5.7. Rev. 5. 8, 9,
12,13.
d If. 49. 5,6. & II.
ic. Mat. 22.2 — 10.
Luke 14. 21, 23.
Eph. 2. 12 — 22. &
3. 6,8. Col. 1.27.
Rev. 7. 4, 9. Rom.
15. 8 — 12. & 3.21,
22, 29, 30. & 11.
II,' 12, 15, 32.
Rev. 11. 13.

« Lev. 1. 3, 10. 8c
22.21— 24. Mal. 1.
14. Heb. 7. 26. &
9.13,14. I Pet 3.
18. 8c 1. iS, 19. &
2.22. 2 Cor. 5. 21.
flTim.i. j. Pf.80.
17. Zech. 13. 7. If.
9. 6. 8c 7. 14.
SJ Song 5. 10, 11.
Rom. 5. 6. John
10. 18. 8c 19. 11.
h Lev. 23. 5. Prov.
8, 23. Gen. 3. 13.
with Gal. 4. 4.
Rom. 5. 6. John
7. 30. & 13. 1.
J2Chr. 30. 15. Deut.
16, I. Lev. 23. c.
Num. 0. 3. 8c 28.
16. Mark 15. 1.
8—14. If. 53.6.
Mat. 20.28. iTim.
a. 6. Heb. 2, 9, 10.
Rom. 5. 19.
I Ch. 29. 39. & 30.
8. Deut. 16. 1, 6.
2 Chr. 35. 14.
Num. 28. 4. Heb.
1. 2. & 9. 26.
-t Pet. I. 19, 20.
Mat. 27. 46— so.
I Ver. 22. Heb. 11.
z8. & 9. 13, {4.
I Pet. 1. 2. Eph. 1.
7. Col. 1. 14.
m Ver. 18. John 6.
S3, 54. Heb. 3. 13
— 15. 2 Cor. 6. 2.
* Pf. 22. 14. John
12. 27. If. 53. 10.
c Ver. 34. Deut. 16.
3. Mat. 16. 12.
I Cor. 5. S.
|i Ch. 34. 25. 8c 23.
l8. 8c 29. -ti,.
Deut. 10. 4. ch.
16. sg. Lev. 7. 15.
& 22. 30. & 19. 6,
7. Prov. 27. 1.
a Cor. 6.1, 2. Heb.
3. 13,15. Eecl.9.
10.
q 1 Pet, 1. 13. Eph.
6. 14. Pf. 23. 4.

2 This " month fhall be unfo you the
beginning of months: it fhall be the firft
month of the year to you.
2 % Speak ye unto all the congregation
of Ifrael, faying, In the tenth day of this
month they fhall b take to them every
man fc a lamb, according to the houfe of
their fathers, a lamb for an houfe :
4 And if the houfehold be d too little
for the lamb, let him and his neighbour
next unto his houfe take it, according to
the number of the fouls ; every man
according to his eating fhall make your
count for the lamb.
5 Your lamb fhall be e without ble-
mifh, a f male e of the firft year : ye fhall
take it out from the fheep or from the
goats :
6 And ye fhall h keep it up until the
fourteenth day of the fame month : and
the ' whole aflembly of the congregation
of Ifrael fhall kill it k in the evening.
7 And they fhall l take of the blood,
and ftrike ;'/ on the two fide-pofts and on
the upper door-poft of the houfes wherein
they fhall eat it.
8 And they fhall meat the flefh in that:
night, n roafted with fire, and ° unleavened
bread ; and with bitter herbs they fhall
eat it.
9 Eat not of it raw, nor fodden at all
with water, but roaftedwith fire ; his head
with his legs, and with the purtenance
thereof. 10- And ye fhall let p nothing of it
remain until the morning ; and that
which remaineth of it until the morning
ye fhall burn with fire.
1 1 5F And thus fhall ye eat it ; i with
your loins girded, your fhoes on your

29,30.

1. ch. 22. is.

U Heb. 11, j*.
1 Thef. 1. <o. Col.
I. 14. Rom, $, 1,
33, 34. Gal. 3. ij,
2 Cor. 5. 2i. jahi
5.24.

genera-

feet^ and your ftafFun your hand ; and "Iffi*
ye fhall eat it in hafte : it is the r Lord's rver. 13,23,27-
' jy Num. 28. 16.
pallover. De,it- «>• $• 'Cc«.
12 s For I will pafs through the land * 01.11.4,5. vcr<.
of Egypt this night, and will fmite all
the firft-born in the land of Egypt, both
man and beaft; and againft all the * gods '"¦%?;££*
r T\ T '11 ¦ 1 T ' lSam.5. 3.Pi.&2^
of Egypt 1 will execute judgment: I am
the Lord.
1 2 And " the blood fhall be to you for
a token upon the houfes where ye are:
and when I fee the blood I will pafs over
you, and the plague fhall not be upon
you to deftroy you, when I fmite the land
of Egypt.
14 And this day fhall be unto you for
a x memorial ;
to the Lord throughout your
tions ; ye fhall keep it a feaft by an ordi
nance for ever.
15 % ^ Seven days fhall ye eat unlea>
vened bread ; even the firft day ye fhall
put away leaven out of your houfes : for
whofoever eateth leavened bread from the
firft day "until the feventh day, z that
foul fhall be cut off from Ifrael.
1 6 And in the firft day there fhall be
an a holy convocation, and in the feventh * sf^fl^'S'
day there fhall be an holy convocation to *6'&«h,7>»"
you; no b manner of work fhall be done b2?3.l6Ne£ff.£
in them, fave that which every man muft
eat, that only may be done of you.
1 7 And ye fhall obferve the feafl of
unleavened bread ; for in this felf- fame
day have I brought your armies out
the land of Egypt : therefore fhall ye
obferve this day in your generations by
an ordinance c for ever.
18 In the firft month, on the four
teenth day of the month at even, ye' fhall

and ye fhall keep it. a feaft x ?L*&V3*
16. Deut. 16. 1-.
7, 12. & IJ. ,;.
jolh. j. 10. 2 Chr.
xxx. satxr. ch. 13.
9. & 17. 14. Num.
16. 40. Jolh. 4. 7,
y Ch. 13. 6. & 23.
15. & 34. 18. Le?.
23.6. Num. 28.17,
Deut. 16. 3, ij.
Luke 12. 1. Mar.
16. 12. i Cor. e, 6»
7. 8, 13.

z Ver. 19, ch.31.14.
Gen. 17. 14, 1 Cor.
5. 13. Mat. it. 17.

18. Jer. 17.21,2*.

r\C e Tor ever,t In the
^* ceremonial laws,'
rigr.ineE, till
Chrift flioujd
come, and be the
everlaft nganti-
type thereof,
ver. 14. 24. ch, 27.
21.&28.43.&30.
2T. Lev. 6. 18. 85
10 9. & 17. 7. &
23. 14,21,31,41.
8c 24. 3. Num. 18.
11, 19,231 to-

Chap. XII. Ver. %. The month Abib, which nearly correfponds ta-our March,
was the feventh of the common year among the Egyptians and others, all along, I fup
pofe, from the creation; but was made the firft of the Jewifli facred year now efta.
bli/hed by God, according to which the ceremonial feftivals were to be regulated :
tut they continued to reckon by the ancient year in their civil matters ; and even the
years of jubilee and releafe began, in the ancient manner, about September, as then
the crop was entirely off the ground.
Ver. 3. The taking of the lamb four days before the time prevented their neg-
lecl, and ftirred them up to the confideration of and faith in their approaching deli
verance. . j
Ver. 4. Every family of thefe, fo joined together, paid their refpeclive ihare of the
lamb's price.
Ver. 6. The Iamb was killed between three o'clock in the afternoon and fun-

fet.

Ver. 8. The bitter herbs were endive, fuccory, wild lettuce, thyme, w the like.

Ver, 9. The word rendered raw fignifies not thoroughly roafted* It was to be roafted-
all in one piece.
Ver. 10. They were to leave none of it, left the Egyptians fhould abufe it, or
themfelves make a fuperftitious ufe of it.
Ver. 11. Thefe circumftances imported their holding themfelves in read! nefs to
leave the country, and march oft", as the Lord's free-men ; but thefe, as well as the
taking of the lamb on the tenth day of the month, feem to rrave been required only
with refpeel to the firft celebration.
Ver. 14. This feaft was to be a joyful commemoration of their deliverance, ob,-
ferved every year, and during the whole period of the ceremonial difpenfation, until
the death of Chrift, thereby prefigured.
Ver. 15— zi. The feaft of unleavened bread immediately fucceeded thc paffover*
The holy convocation, on the fifteenth day of the month, commemorated their de
parture from Egypt ; and that on the twenty-firft commemorated their paffage thiouglfc
thc Red fea, by wbijjb, tittir wonderful deliverance was comnleted..

dSee vsr. ij>

$he Egyptian firfl-bornjlain,
scare chrift eat; unleavened bread, until the one and
 twentieth day of the month at even.
19 Seven days fhall there be no leaven
found in your houfes : for whofoever
eateth that which is leavened, even that
foul fhall be dcut off from the congregation
of Ifrael, whether he be a ftranger or
born in the land.
20 Ye fhall eat nothing leavened; in all
your habitations fhall ye eat unleavened
bread. 21 % Then Mofes called for all the
**V*W* elders of Ifrael, and faid unto them,
Draw out and take you a lamb accord
ing to your families, and kill the paff
over.
r Heb. 11. 28. Lev. 22 f And ye fhall take a bunch of
14. o- Mum. 19. J
jsi^/ohn7'^! hyffop, and dip it in the blood that is in
the bafon, and ftrike the lintel and the
two fide-pofts with the blood that is in
the bafon ; and none of you fhall go out
at the door of his houfe until the
morning. 23 For the Lord will pafs through to
fmite the Egyptians ; and when he feeth
the blood upon the lintel, and on the
two fide-pofts, the Lord will s pafs over
the door, and will not fuller the h de
ftroyer to come in unto your, houfes to
fmite you.
24 And ye fhall obferve this thing for
an ordinance to thee and to thy fons i for
ever. 25 And it fhall come to pafs, when
ye be come to the land k which the
Lord will give you, according as he
hath promifed, that lye fhall keep this
fervice. 26 m And it fhall come to pafs, when
your children fhall fay unto you, What
mean you by this fervice ?
27 That ye fhall fay, It is the " facrifice
of the Lord's paffover, who pafled over
the houfes of the children of Ifrael in
Egypt, when he fmote the Egyptians,
and delivered our houfes. And the people
0 bowed the head and worfhipped.
28 And the children of Ifrael went

CHAP. XII.

The Ifraelites depart from. 'Egypt,

glizek. 9. 6. Rev. 7.
3. & 9. 4. 2 Sam.
24. 16. Rom. 8. 1,
33,34. iThel. I.
10.
k 1 Cor. 10. to. Heb.
11.28. 2 Sam. 24.
16, 17. If. 37. 30.
Pf.35.7-

i Gen. 17. 3. fee
ver. 17.

fc See ch. 3. 7. Cc
6.8.

-1 See ver. 14.

n Ch. 13. 8, 9, 14,
15. Deut. 6, 20 —
15. & 32. 7. Pf.78.
5, 6. jofh. 4, 6, 7,
21, 22. If. 38. 19.
» CJi. 34. 25. Deut.
16. 2, 5. 1 Cor. 5.
.7. fee ver. 11, 12,
'3,»3,2Q. ch. 13.
14, >S- Deut. 6.
SU— 25.

• SeeCen. 24.26. &
47.31. ch. 4. 31.
iCIir. 29. 20. Mic.
6. 6. 2 Chr. 20. 18.
Pf. 22. 29, Phil. 2.

• Ver. 27. As offered to. God, and attended with the fhedding and fprinkling of
Wood, the. paffover was a facrifice; but, as received and eaten by men, it was alfo a

away, and p did as the Lord had com
manded Mofes and Aaron, fo did thev.

Before Chrift
149L

pHcb. 11,28. Deut.
29 ^[ i And it came to pafs that at s.'fci*. Wv'er*

SO-
q Ch. II. 4. iThcC
5. 2, 3. Job 34. 20.

ch. 1. 16, 22. Gen.
42. 21, 22. Judg.
1. 7. Jer. 2. 17, 19.
8c 4. 18. Mat. 7. 2.
2Thef. 1. 6. Job 9.
4. Pf. 140. 11.

midnight the Lord ' fmote all the firft
born in the land of Egypt, from the firft- ^^'^
born of Pharaoh that fat on his throne f&'V.7,*!
unto the firft-born of the captive that &V,l6;0*r««?:
was in the dungeon ; and all the firft-
born of cattle.
30 And Pharaoh rofe up in the night,
he and all his fervants, and all the Egyp
tians ; and there was a s great cry in '»:«"' jL^'V.
Egypt ; for there was not a houfe where ^'wiSch?1*
there was not one dead.
31 ^[ And he called for Mofes and
Aaron by night, and faid, ' Rife up, and'T^-M-^t
r .1 °r it 1 i-Pf. 105.38, fee
get ye forth from among my people, both ch'I0-9-
ye and the children of Ifrael ; and go
ferve the Lord, as ye have faid.
. 32 Alfo u take your flocks and your u ch, ,0. 9, 2s.
herds, as ye have faid, and be gone ; and
x blefs me alfo. - xch.^&^s.
22 And the Egyptians were r urgent ych- "•»•*«• 39-
upon the people, that they might fend
them out of the land in hafte ; for they
faid, We be all "* dead men. ' » cm, ¦*>.,. u.„,
34 And the people took their dough
before it was leavened, their II kneading- fl0r"to**-.
troughs being bound up in their clothes
upon their fhoulders.
25 And the children of Ifrael did
according to the word of Mofes ; and
z they § borrowed of the Egyptians jewels z S'^jffe".'*
of filver, and jewels of gold, and rai- ,4P1?I°5"-'
J £> ' 4 Heb. tuM.
ment :
36 And the Lord a gave the people *s£?zd9'"'
favour in the fight of the Egyptians, fo
that they lent unto them fuch things as
they required. And they fpoiled the
Egyptians. 27 % And bthe children of Ifrael jour- ^TiPtf'fflS.
neyed from Ramefes to Succoth, about ce"'.!'.*:^;',1;
fix hundred thoufand on foot that were \ish£^%l\
men, befides children. $s! »*&&!?. &
38 And c a mixed multitude went up ^'ch'^vfiaf"
alfo with them; and flocks, and herds, c^*--8.*j.«um.
even very much cattle.
29 And they baked unleavened cakes

facrament — The Ifraelites bowed their heads in token of their thankful acknowleda.
ment of God's favours, and cheerful fubmiffion to his laws and ordinances.

Farther laws concerning the paffover. -EXODUS.

They march out in great order.

Before Chrifl
'49 1-

d Ch. 6. I. 8c II. I.
ver. 33.

e Afle 13. 17. Heb.
-a 1, 9.

.f Gen. Iji IJ. A«s
7.6. Gal. 3. 17.

£ Hab. 2. 3. Pf. 102.
13. Ezek. 24. 2.
Num. 23. 19. Heb.
10. 23. Tit. 1, 2.
2 Tim. 2. 13.

h.Dent. 16. 1, 6. Pf.
107. 1, z. lee ver.
14.

i Eph. I. 12. Lev.
2z. 10. 1 Cor. 11.
27, 28, 29. John 3.
i-
kGen. 17. 12, 13. If.
35- 10. Re,'. 5. 9,
10. Eph. I. 7.

of the dough which they brought forth
out of Egypt, for it was not leavened ;
becaufe they were d thruft out of Egypt,
and could not tarry, neither had they
prepared for themfelves any victual.
40 % Now the "= fojoufning of the chil
dren of Ifrael, who dwelt in Egypt, was
f four hundred and thirty years.
41 And it came to pafs at the end of
the four hundred and thirty years, even
the s felf-fame day it came to pafs, that
all the hofts of the Lord went out from
the land of Egypt.
42 It is h a night much to be obferved
unto the Lord for bringing-, them out
from the land of Egypt.: this is that
night of the Lord to be obferved of
all the children of Ifrael in their gene
rations. 43 ^]~ And the Lord faid unto Mofes
and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the
paffover ; there i fhall no ftranger eat
thereof, 44 But every man's fervant k that is
bought for money, when thou haft cir
cumcifed him, then fhall he eat thereof.

Reflections upon Chap. XII.' — Come near, my foul, and
behold what the Lord hath wrought for Ifrael ! He had multiplied
them amidft eruel bondage and murder : he had protected them
amidft ruinous plagues ; and now, after a folemn feaft, he brings
them forth with wealth, with honour, in health, in peace, in order,
and in due time ! Behold what things he, who fitteth on the throne,
makes new ! A new year ; new feftivals ; new liberties ; a new
nation to himfelf! Behold how their enemies pufh them into li
berty ; how they enrich them ; and what a mixed multitude take
part with them in their journey ! Behold the care with which God
diftinguifhes his .people from the reft of the world ! But chiefly
behold God's great work of the redemption of mankind, through
the blood of his Son ! O the ftrong hand! the ftretched-out arm !
-the grace! the mercy, the fovereignty, the wifdom, the juflice,
the exacl fidelity to his promife, which appears in this ! How are
violated commandments, enraged devils, and mighty lufts, made
to let the ranfomed of the Lord depart into liberty-! With what
fpiritual wealth, what fpoils of principalities' and powers, nay, un-
fearchable riches and righteoufnef?, they come forth! In what high
honour, fpiritual foundnefs, peace, and order, they are brought from
Heathenifm or Popery ; nay, from their natural ftate of bondage
jand death in trefpaffes and fins ; and all in the precife time of love,
the day of efpoufals, the hour of grace, appointed of the Father !
And how marvelloufly Jehovah here makes all things new! A
new thing is created on the earth — a virgin brings forth a child,
whofe name is Immanuel, God with us ! a new teftament is ra
tified in his blood ! a new covenant is confirmed with many ! a

Ver. 40. Thefe four hundred and thirty years are to be reckoned from -the cajl of
Abraham to leave his native country; Gen. xi. 31. and xii. 1 — 5 ; during the firft
half of which, he and his uromifed leed fojourned in Canaan, and jthe other half they

45 l A foreigner and an hired fervant
fhall not eat thereof.
46 In m one houfe fliall it be eaten ;
thou fhalt not carry forth ought of -the
flefh abroad out of the houfe ; "neither
fhall ye break a bone thereof.
42 ° All the congregation of Ifrael fliall
keep it.
48 And when ? a ftranger fhall fbjourn
with thee, and will keep the paffover to
the Lord, let -all his q males be circum
cifed, and then "I" let him come near and
keep it ; andthe fhall be as one that is
born in the land : for no uncircumcifed
perfon fhall eat thereof.
49 One r law fhall be to him that is
home-born, and unto the ftranger that
fojourneth among you.
50 Thus did all the children of Ifrael ;
s as the Lord commanded Mofes and
Aaron, fo did they.
5 1 And it came, to pafs ' the felf-fame
day, that the Lord did bring the chil
dren of Ifrael out of the land of Egypt by
their u armies.

Before Chrift
149 ».
1 Eph. z. 12. Roni.
10. 3. & 9. 32.
mi Tim, 3. 15. Eph.
2.19 — 22. &4> g_
6. 1 Cor. 12. 12,
Col. z. 19.
11 Num. 9. 12. John
16. 36- -
o Num. 9. it.

p Acls 1.10. 8c 13,41,
with Num. 9. 14.
q Gen. 17. 12. Ezek.
44. 9. rCor. 11.27,
28, 29. ver. 44,
f It was neceffaiv,
not only that a
man mould oh- '
ferve the ordi
nances of God
himfelf, but that
his famiy mould
ferve the Lord.
r Num. 15. 13, Afls
15. 9, 11. Gal. 3.
28. Ezek. 47. 22,
23. Eph. 2. 12 —
22. Col. 3. 11.
Rom. 3. 23, 30.

s Deut. 12. 32. Mat.
28. 20. Gen. 7. 5.
ch.7.6. & 10.20.
ver. 28. & 16. 16,
34. & xxxix. xl.
8cc. 1 Cor. 4. 2.
I Sam. 15. 22.
t See ver. 41.

u Numerous and
well-ordered fa*
mi lies, ch. 6. z6.
&7.4.ver.l7,37,41. Afls 7. 36.

new gofpel -period, a year of God's redeemed, is introduced! new
feftivals on the flefh and blood of his Son] new liberties !— freedom
indeed, for thofe who are made heirs of God, and joint heirs with
Chrift ! a new church of Jews and Gentiles, purified, by his obla
tion, a peculiar people to himfelf, zealous of good works ! — But
what a mixed multitude of empty profeffors attend and plague the
church in every reformation on earth 1 What a multitude of re
maining lufts and infirmities attend the choiceft faints till they get
to the Canaan above !
In this paffover-feaft let me behold how Jefus, the all-excellent,
the mighty, the unblemifhed, Son of God, who was fet up from
everlafting, and promifed and typified four thoufand years, in the
fulnefs of frW.affumes.our nature, partakes of flefh and blood, obeys
the law, and fuffers the moft flaming and tremendous vengeance
of God, without being crufhed, broken, or ruined ;— and all this ¦
that he might be our all-fufficient and everlafting covert from the
wrath of God ; — .might be the means of deftruction to fin, Satan,
and death, for us; — and might, with unfeigned faith, fincere love,
and bitter grief for fin, be fed upon by us, in holy fellowfhip, as the
fweet, the heart-cheering, fupporting, and ftrengthening, food of our
foul, by which we are enabled to go up from this evil '.world to
wards our everlafting inheritance in the Canaan above ! And, bleff
ed be the Lord, we, ftranger s and foreigners, finners of the Gen
tiles, are admitted to feaft on him, with Abraham, Ifaac, and Ja
cob, in the kingdom of God, while the Jewifh children of the
kingdom are caft out!
In their feaft of unleavened bread may I not difcern Jefus' ftate

dwelt in the land of Egypt; Gen. xv. ,13. and xlvi
Ver- 43) 45* No heathen, or uncircumcifed perfon, was allowed to partake
thereof.

Farther laws concerning t he feafl

CHAP. XIII.

of unleavened bread and flrfllings.

Before Chrift
1491.

C H A Z. XIII.

a Ver. 12— 15. ch.
23. 19. & 34. 19
Lev. 27. 26. Num
3. 13. & 8. 16, 17,
$c 18. 15. Luke 2,
23. Heb. 12. 2.
Rom. 6. 13,19,22.
& 12. 1, 2. ch. 12.
42. & 23. 15.
bDeut. 16. 1. ch. 12.
14,42.

cCh. 6, 1, 6. ver. 16,
Deut. II. 2, 3.
Neh. 9. IO.
d Ch. 12. 8, IJ, 18,
19,20. 1 Pet. z. 1.
I Cor. J. 7, 8.
.e Ch. 23. 15. 8c 34.
18. Deut. 16. I.
. fee ch. 12. z, 41,
51, 17-
fSeech.3.8.&6. 8.
. Num. 15.-2. Deut.
20.2.

g Ch. 12. IJ, 26.
Deut. 16. 3, 4, 8.

h Ch. 12. 15—20. 8c
34. 18. Lev. 23. 8.
Deut. 16. 3, 4, 8.
Acts 24. 16. 2 Cor.
I. 12. Phil, 4. 8.
1 Cor. 5. 7, 8.
I Pet. 2. 1.

i&rc tve have, ( i ) (3W j- commands to Ifrael to devote
the firft-born of man and beaft to his fervice ; and to
inform their children that it was in remembrance of
his preferving their firftlings when he deftroyed all
thofe of the Egyptians; I, 2, II — 16; to obferve
the paffover and feaft of unleavened bread in their
feafons ; and to inform their children that it was in
memorial of his quick and powerful deliverance of
them from their Egyptian bondage. (2) God's care
of ifrael in chufing their way and concluding them
by a cloudy pillar; 17 — 22. (3) The Ifraelites'
care of Jofeph' s bones in bringing them along with
them; 19.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 aSancT:ify unto me all the firft-born,
\ whatfoever openeth the womb among
^the children of Ifrael, both of man and of
beaft": it is mine.
3 5T -And Mofes faid unto the people,
b Remember this day, in which ye came
out from Egypt, out of the houfe of
bondage ; for by c ftrength of hand the
Lord brought you out from this place:
there fhall no d leavened bread be eaten.
4 e This day came ye out in the month
Abib. 5 And it fhall be when the Lord
f fhall bring thee into the land of the
Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the
Amorites, and the Hivites, and the Je-
bufites, which lie fware unto thy fathers
to give thee, a land flowing with milk
and honey, that * thou fhalt keep this
fervice in this month.
6 & Seven days fhalt thou eat unleavened
bread, and in the feventh day fhall be a
feaft to the Lord.
7 Unleavened bread fhall be eaten
feven days ; and there fhall no leavened

of debafement on earth ! his week fulfilled in hoiinefs, in forrows,
and in fufferings; on the 'firft day of which he affumed his holy
manhood, was gathered with finners, but without fin ; and on the
laft of which he made his life a ranfom for many ? May I not dif
cern the pure but afflicted ftate of the gofpel-church, in her apofto-
lical and millennial periods, noted for holy convocations of men to
the Lord ? May I not difcern the feftival-week of the Chriftian
life, fpent in purity and preffures, and noted for its firft day of con-

Before Chrift
149 1.

Deut. 6. g.
Num.
15. 30. Prov. I. 9.
& 6. 20 — 23. \C.
49. 16. Jer. 22, 24.

m Ch. 23. ij. 8c 34.
18. Lev. 23. 6.
Num. 28. 17 — 25.
Deut. 16. 3, 4, i.

bread- be feen with thee, neither fhall
there be leaven feen with thee in all thy
quarters. 8 And ; thou flialt fhew thy fon in '#%&?$
that day, faying, This is done becaufe of 4-^^.14.' '
that which the Lord did unto me when
I came forth out of Egypt.
9 And it fhall be for a \ fign unto thee kViff,f.
upon thine hand, and for a memorial
between thine eyes ; that the Lord's
law may be in thy mouth : for with a
1 ftrong hand hath the Lord brought thee ' J&V& ve"'
out of Egypt.
1 o m Thou fhalt therefore keep this
ordinance in his feafon from year to
year. 11 % And it fhall be when the Lord-
fhall bring thee into the land' of the
Canaanites, as he fware unto thee and to
thy fathers, and fhall give it thee,
12 "That thou fhalt * fet apart unto n & j^'^'f eg
the Lord all that openeth the matrix, n™-'8- '7-Wut.
and every firftling that cometh of a beaft •Heb.«^.».M»
which thou haft ; the males fhall be the """'"
Lord's. 13' ° And every firftling of an afs thou* ° <$; \f ?j,*a%
fhalt redeem with a * lamb; and if thou , *|jM-": '
wilt not redeem it, then thou fhalt break
his neck : and p all the firft-born of man p £" f;^f7s:^
among thy children fhalt thou redeem
14 And it fliall be when thy 1
afketh thee § in time to come, faying,
What is this? that thou flialt fay unto * Heb' ,"m°rr"w-
him, By r ftrength of hand the Lord '^TslleX'
brought us out from Egypt, from the ?se.&n6,iVwi
houfe of bondage :
15 And it came to pafs, when Pharaoh
would s hardly let us go, that the Lord 'fo^tlf-f:
flew all the firft-born in the land of
Egypt, both the firft-born of man and

14.4.
¦f^^. q Ch. 12. 2«. Deut.
lOn 6. 20. Joih. 4. 22.
Pf. 145.4. Eph. 6.
4. fee ver. 8.

29. Num. 3. 13.
ver. 2, 12, 13.

verfion to Chrift, and its laft of departure, to be with him for
evermore ? Let me in it feed upon him as the incorrupted nourifh-
ment of my foul, carefully avoiding and deteftihg the leaven of
malice, hypocrify, error, or corrupt practices ! Let me in it im
prove Jefus, as the bleffed firft-fiuit unto God which fanctifieth all
my enjoyments, the caufe and token of my deliverance into the
glorious liberty of the gofpel !

Chap. XIII. Ver. 2. The Lord's prefervation of the Hebrews' firft-born, when
lie deftroyed thofe of the Egyptians, gave him a peculiar right to them.
Ver. g, 16. Their exafi: obfervation of thefe feafts, and the .dedication- of their
firftlings, together with the repeated explication of the meaning thereof to their chil

dren, would make their deliverance from Egypt as frelh and evident to them and
their feed as a thing hung or.written on their foreheads.
Ver. 1 3. Unclean firftlings were either to be redeemed, or elfe killed, that they
might not be put to any other ufe than for the Lord.

Ifraelites direBed by a cloudy pillar.

EXODUS,

Pharaoh furfues them to the Red fea.

Before Chrift
140I.

t Deut. 6. 8. & II.
18, 20. Frov. 3.
21. 8c 7. 3. Rev.
14. 1,2,14. ver. 9.
Num. 15. 38—40,

11 Pf. 105. 14. 1 Cor.
10. 13. Gen. 19.
20, 21. 11. 63. 7—
¦ 3. I Chr. 7.21.
jc Num. u. 4. Deut.
28. 68. Neh. 9. 16.
y Ch. 14.2. Nam.
53. 8. Pf. 107. 7.
& 80. 1. 0C77. 20.
& 78. 51, S3- If-
63. 12, 13. ver. 20.
Z As armies ; or, by
fve in a rank, ch.
14. %. & 12. 51,

ft Gen. 50. 24, 25.
A«s 7. 16. Heb.
11.22, Jofh, 24.32.

b Num. 33. 6, Jer. 2
x.Hof.a,i4. Deut,
8. z, 15.

< Num. 14. 14,"
Deut. 1. 33. Neh.
g. 19.' Pf. 78. 14.
*&99.7. &105. 39.
I Cor. 10. 1.

i Ch. 14. 19, 20, 24.
Num. 9. 19. If. 4.
5. Pf. 121. 5—8.

the firft-born of beaft : therefore I facri
fice to the Lord all that openeth the
matrix, being males ; but all the firft-
born of my children I redeem.
1 6 And it fhall be for a ' token upon
thine hand, and for frontlets between
thine eyes : for by ftrength of hand the
Lord brought us forth out of Egypt.
17 ^[ And it came to pafs, when Pha
raoh had let the people go, that God- led
them not through the way of the land of
the Philiftines, although that was near ; '
for God faid, u Left peradventure the
people repent when they fee war, and
they x return to Egypt :
18 But God y led the people about,
through the way of the wildernefs ' of
the Red fea : and the children of Ifrael
went up z harnefled out of the land of
Egypt. 19 And Mofes took the bones of
Jofeph with him : for he had ftraitly
fworn the children of Ifrael, faying,
a God will furely vifit you ; and ye fhall
carry up my bones away hence with
you. 20 *[f And b they took their journey
from Succoth, and encamped in Etham,
in the edge of the wildernefs.
,21 And u the Lord went before them
by day in a pillar of a cloud, to lead them
the way ; and by night in a pillar of fire,
to give them light ; to go by day and
night :
22 He d took not away the pillar of
the cloud by day, nor the pillar of fire
by night, from before the people.

Before Chrift
1491.

CHAP. XIV.
Here, ( l ) While the Hebrews, by God's . direclion,
march to the fiouth-eafl, Pharaoh, as God had
warned Mofes, purfues them ivith a powerful army, to
bring them back to their bondage ; 1—9. (2) Shut
in by the Red Sea before them, the Hebrews, over*
whelmed with fear, chide with Mofes for bringing
them out ¦ of Egypt ; but he encourages them qui
etly to hope for deliverance ; 10 — 14. (3) Wl)ile
God, by his immediate power and his cloudy- pillar,
protecls the rear of the Hebrew hoft, Mofes, at his
direclion, divides the Red fea by theftretching of his
rod over it. Hereupon the Hebrews march through
it on dry ground ; but, while the Egyptians attempt
to purfiue them, the waters return on, and drown
them; 15 — 29. {if) The Hebrews are at firft much
impreffed with the miracle, believe God, and regard
Mofes as his agent; 30, 31.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
that they a turn and encamp before b Pi- a ^y^J
hahiroth, between Migdol and the fea, S^ftoft
over againft Baal-zephon : before it fhall
ye encamp by the fea.
3 For Pharaoh will c fay of the chil
dren of Ifrael, They are entangled in
the land, the wildernefs hath fhut them
in. 4 And I d will harden Pharaoh's heart,
that he fhall follow after them ; and I
will be e honoured upon Pharaoh, and
upon all his hoft ; f that the Egyptians
may know that I am the Lord. And
they did fo.
5 % And it was told the king of Egypt
that the people fled : and s the heart of '^i^"
Pharaoh and of his fervants was turned rfiiVis. '
againft the people, and they faid, Why *£«$.5
1 ° 1 1 - 1 1 1 *¦ Jam- 4- S- lee
nave we done this, that we have let ch. 1.9,10,
Ifrael go from ferving us ?

from the Philif-'
tinee, who hated
them, iChr. 7.21,
and tempted Pha.
raoh to purine
them.
bNtim.33.7.ch.lj. 17, 18, 20, Jer;
44. 1.
c Pf. 37. 22, 2;. &
71. 11. 8c 41. 5,
7, 8. Their God
does not know the
- way to Canaan.
d Ch. 5. 19. &4.21.
& 7- 3, 4> 'J, I4i
22. &8. 15,19,32,
£9. 7, 12, 34, 35.
8c 10. 1, 20, 27. « "

II, 9. ver. 8, 17.
Rem. 2. 4, 5. Pf.
Si. 12. 1 :td 2,
II, 12.
e Ch. 9. 16. ver. 17,
18. Ezek. 22. 22.
'Neh. 9. 10. Rom.
9. 22, 23.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — Never forget, O my foul,
the great things which God has done for his church, or for thy-
felf, in his common or fpecial providence ! Let me carefully ob
ferve every mean of keeping them frefh on my mind ; and let me
teach them diligently unto my children, that they may hear and
fear the Lord for their good. What the Lord marvelloufly brings
to me, or preferves for me, let me cheerfully furrender to his fer
vice, at his call. The life he refcues from imminent danger is
doubly obliged to be devoted to his fervice ; and they who truly
love God will readily ferve him with the beft they have. But, if
troubles and difficulties attend my path, confeious of my weaknefs
and folly, let me truft in him who proportions his people's trials to

their ftrength, and look up to him for direction in all my ways.' In
this pillar of. cloud and fire I difcern God's fpecial care and pro
tection of his people. Even, while clouds and darknefs are round
about him, juftice and judgment are the habitation of his throne,
and mercy and truth go before his face. Do I not behold Jefus
likewife given to be an ever-attending light and leader, as well as
protector and glory, to his people in this wildernefs-world ? Let
me always follow his direction and example ; fo fhall I, in due
time, arrive fafe at the promifed Canaan which is above. And,
though the way. in which he leads me be very contrary to the will
and wifdom of the flefh, let me reft affured that it is a right-one
to. the fulfillment of all his glorious promifes of grace and glory.

Ver. 17. The Philiftines, who had originated from lower Egypt; Gen. x. 13, 14,
and twtiiin the -fouth-weft corner of Canaan, were a numerous, valiant, and fierce

nation, whom the Hebrews, unarmed, and quite difpirited by their long bondage, durfc
not h<*ve encountered.

Before Chrift

jfr'aelifes are terrified. God divides the CHAP. XIV.
6 And he made ready his chariot, and
took his people with him :
7 And he took fix hundred chofen
chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt,
and captains over every one of them.
kseeTer.4,17. 8 h And the Lord hardened the heart
of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pur
fued after the children of Ifrael : and the
ich.13.3.9,16,.8. children of Ifrael went out i with an
&3.20. &6. 1,6. .... 1
high hand.
9 But the Egyptians k purfued after
them, (all the horfes and chariots of
Pharaoh, and his horfemen, and his
army,) and overtook them l encamping
by the fea, befide Pi-hahiroth, before
Baal-zephon. 10 % And, when Pharaoh" drew nigh,
the children of Ifrael lifted up their eyes,
and, behold, the Egyptians marched
¦ Mat. «. 25-34. & after them ; and they were m fore afraid :
14. 30,31. pf. 53. ^ 7 j
i4Ti^kn6 and the children of Ifrael cried out unto
fciW"4" the Lord.
\*£ft**».* a And "they faid unto Mofes, Be-
£'M.2."&i"4,: caufe there were no graves in Egypt, haft
"•s- ' thou taken us away to die in the wilder
nefs ? Wherefore haft thou dealt thus

Red fea, and drowns the Egyptians.

Num. 33. 3.
ll Jolh. 24. (,. ch. 15
9-

1 See ver. 2,

with us, to carry us forth out of Egypt ?
»'ch.6.9, &5.ii. 12 " Is not this the word that we did
tell thee in Egypt, faying, Let us alone,
that we may ferve the Egyptians ? for //
had been better for us to ferve the Egyp
tians than that we fhould die in the wil
dernefs. 13 ^[ And Mofes faid unto the people,
'Sa^nd p Fear ye not ; ftand ftill, and fee the
pft°randft^e-°f falvation i of the Lord, which he will
^it^'io, &ew t0 you to-day : for the Egyptians
M'ja'-*.H'c35: whom ye have feen to-day, ye fliall fee
20. i5, 17. iPet. , J . r J ' •>
ii73%a,k*s'& them again no more for ever.
3o\ Phil. 4. 6. Pf.

14 The Lord fhall r fight for you,
^Ts'^.n"^: and ye fhall hold your peace.
1 5 ^[ And the Lord faid unto Mofes,

y.4.fe& 106. 1.

WS. 35.

judgfe.'^prf'so' Wherefore 5 crieft thou unto me ? fpeak
3.!l;.i'.ir.1o: unto the children of Ifrael, that they go

IS
f Deut.

?jut,-9-"iI'tM' forward
cii. 17. 4. Neh. 9,
9. Rem. 8. 26. j^ gu(- t frfr faon up tny j-q^ zn(\
-ViB™*" ft^tch out thine hand over the fea, and
^8,|?|t divide it : and the children of Ifrael fliall
go on dry ground through the midft of
the fea.
Vol. I. '

'1,8.'

Before Chrift
14.il.

1 7 And I, behold, I will harden the
hearts of the Egyptians, and they fhall
follow them : and I will get me honour
upon Pharaoh, and upon all his hoft,
upon his chariots, and upon his horfe
men. 18 And the Egyptians fhall u know "I^.4,,^ j£
that I am the Lord, when I have gotten
me honour upon Pharaoh, upon his
chariots, and upon his horfemen.
10 f And the x angel of God, which xch,iit,Ter.«4.
\ r 1 r t r 1 ch. 13. 21, 22. &
went before the camp of Ifrael, removed ?I: m^"'^
and went behind them; and the pillar i;;**I«-Hab-*-'
of the cloud went from before their face,
and ftood behind them :
20 And it came between the camp of
the Egyptians and the camp of Ifrael ;
and it was a ? cloud and darknefs to them, y{°*&*4V>}V*
but it gave light by night to thefe: fo IL*S.,; "
that the one came not near the other all
the night.
21 % And Mofes ftretched out his
hand over the fea ; and the Lord caufed
the fea to z go backhy a ftrong eaft wind *^'|*'l
all that night, and made the fea dry land, 74.ns8c-,f,%ec
° .. . J . 136. 13. ir. 43. 2.
andthe waters were divided. *.6/omV'?.?'&
22 And a the children of Ifrael went • tfiv^"-**
into the midft of the fea upon the dry *™™-l%-,*;™;?'
ground: and the waters were a wall "tnl'^'ill'
unto them on their right hand and on
their left.
23 ^[ And the Egyptians b purfued, b^^[^-
and went in after them to the midft of
the fea, even all Pharaoh's horfes, his
chariots, and his horfemen.
24 * And it came to pafs, that in the,™^?rf»»^
c morning- watch the Lord d looked unto £$*£tlFL
the hoft of the Egyptians through the i^'Siight-
pillar of fire and of the cloud, and trou- Jirofde"'^ ta
bled the hoft of the Egyptians, - c ™
25 And took off their chariot-wheels, dJob'0. f?c.a.
* that they drave them heavily : fo that tr9.7L\%\l'.
the Egyptians faid, Let us flee from. the + °^tf,™>."*""
face of Ifrael ; for the Lord
for them againft the Egyptians.
26 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
f Stretch out thine hand over the fea, ra,-7-,„-&3 . s,
that the waters may g come again upon sp^-v; .*¦ ,M-it-
the Egyptians, upon their chariots, and &l
upon their horfemen. P

c fighteth

cVer, T4, 17. iSam.
4. 7, a.

Ch. 1.21.
Prov. 1 1.11. ft,
J40. 11. job v.4-

Mofes and thc Ifraelites praife

EXODUS.

Cod with a lofty fong.

Before Chrift
149 r-
h Ch. is- 10. & 14.
4, 13, 14. Pf. 92.
9. & 68. 1, 2.

27 And Mofes ftretched forth his hand
over the fea, and the h fea returned fo his
hen the morning appeared ;

ftrength

w

and the E<

fled

I Heb. jlScol of,
d.;u'. n. 4. pr.
78. 53. Jolh. 24. 7.
Neh. 9. II. Pi. 74.
13, 14. & 106. 11.
& 13J. 15. If. 23.
5. with ch. 1. 22.
Gen. 42. 21, 22.
Judg. 1.7. Jer. 2.
17, 19. 8c 4. 18.
Mat. 7. 2. Rev.
16. 6. ver. 4, 13,
17, 30.
k Hab. 3. 8, 10. ch.
15. 4, 5, io. Heb,
II. 19.
1 Pf. 106. II.
m Pf. 77. 20. & 66.
6, 12. Jofh. 3, 16.
If. 51. so, 15. &
#3. 12, 13.

BPr.58.10.Sc92.li; & 46. 8. & 48. 8,
10, 11. & 97. 8.

againft it

and

y Heb. hand.

• PitlIQ.120. &106.
12. en, 19.9. &4.
31. iSam. 12. 18,
z Chr. 20. 20.
I Cor. ic. 1.

gyptians
the Lord ' overthrew the Egyptians in
the midft of the fea.
28 And the waters k returned, and
covered the chariots, and the horfemen,
and all the hoft of Pharaoh that came
into the fea after them : there remained
not fo much as ' one of them.
29 But the children of Ifrael m walked
upon dry land in the midft of the fea ;
and the waters were a wall unto them
on their right hand and on their left.
30 Thus the Lord faved Ifrael that
day out of the hand of the Egyptians :
and Ifrael n faw -the Egyptians dead
upon the fea fhore.
3 1 And Ifrael faw that great !• work
which the Lord did upon the Egyptians :
and the people ° feared the Lord, and
believed the Lord, and his fervant
Mofes.

CHAP.

XV.

Here we have, ( 1 ) The Jong of Mofes, and his fellow
Ifraelites, comfofied to commemorate their marvellous
paffage through the fea ; in which they celebrate
their deliverer, in his relation to them and to their
fathers ; and in his unparalleled power, hoiinefs,. and
majefty ; in his marvellous work of deftroying their
enemies and delivering themfelves 5 and. in that which
he would do^in bringing them fiafely to Canaan amidft

the terror of the inhabitants and nations around; 1 —
2i. (2) Their travels begun in the wildernefs, ¦
where they are diftreffed through want of water, and
with bitter waters, which are fweetened ; and where,
at Elim, they meet with the moft excellent refrejh-
ment; 22 — 27.
THEN fang a Mofes and the chil
dren of Ifrael this fong unto the
Lord, and fpake, faying, I will fing
unto the Lord, for he hath triumphed
glorioufly ; the horfe and his rider hath
he thrown into the fea.
2 The Lord is my b ftrength and
fong, and he is become my c falvation :
he is d my God, and I will prepare him
an e habitation ; my father's God, and I
will f exalt him.
3 The Lord is s a man of war : the
h Lord is his name.
4 ' Pharaoh's chariots and his hoft hath
he caft into the fea : his chofen captains
alfo are drowned in the Red fea.
5 The depths have covered them :. they
fank into the bottom as k a ftone..
6 1 Thy right hand, Q Lord, is be-',
come glorious in power : thy right
hand, O Lord, hath dafhed in pieces the
enemy. 7 And in the m greatnefs of thine
excellency thou haft overthrown them
that rofe up againft n thee : thou fenteft
forth thy wrath, which confumed them
0 as ftubble.

Before Chrift
149 1. -

a Pf. 106. 11. Rev.
15. 2, 3. Pf. 107,
1, 2, 8. If. k. t,-
& 51. 10, u.

b If. 12. t. Pf. ir£.
14, 28. 8c 100, 1,
& 23. 3. &8. 2.
Deut. 1Q.21..
c Luke 2.30. &I.7I,
74. If. 45. 17. Ct
12^2.
dGen. 17.7.011.3,6,
8c 4. 22. Pf. 22.10.
& 18.3. &91.2.
Ze:h. 13. 9,
c Ezra 7. 15. ch. xl.
I Kin. 8. 11, 13.
fPf. 30. 1. 0V34. 2.
&118.28.&3A3.& 145. I. If. 2f. I.
Luku 1. 46, 47.
gflah.3. 8,9^Pf.i4.
8. Rev.. 19. 11—
20.
h Pf. 83. 18. If. a.
fc&W.lJ.cki. 14. fir 6. 3-
ich; 14.26^28-
k Ver. 10. Neh. 9.
n.Jer.51.63,64.
Rev. 18. 21.
1 Pf. 118. 15, 16. 16
89. 8,9,10,13. If.
51. 9. 8c 52. io.
mCh.9. 16. If. 5.1*.
Pf.68. 1,2-&ov
9, 10.
n Ch. 5.2. &14. 3.
with Zech, z. 8.
Mat. 25. 45. Afts
9.4.
o If. 5.24. 8c 47. 14.
P1V58.9.&S2.10..

Reflections upon Chap. XIV.--— God frequently mufters
up difficulties in the way of his people, that his glory may appear
in febduing- and' helping over them. Often he feeds the pride and
malice of his enemies by apparent profperity, that he may ripen
them for deftruction ; while, with blind infatuation they quickly
repent of their, beft deeds, and rufh forward in their hatred of God
and his people,, till they find no place for repentance of their wicked
nefs I What neceffity there is to fet out in the Lord's way with
much ftrong faith, affured hope, and holy courage, as in it we may
Jay our account with many and great perplexities and troubles.
Such as efcape out of a finful world may expect a hot purfuit from
the devil and his fervants : but he that brings us out with an high
hand can bear us up with everlafting ftrength. In ftraits let me
therefore never dare to chide my deliverer, or to think of returning
to my bondage, but in patience poffefs my foul, hoping for his fal

vation. What he does I know not how, but L fhall know here
after. Sedatenefs in. danger is the moft likely mean to extricate
myfelf out of it ;. and to encourage my heart in God is the way not
only to remove my fears, but to furmount my difficulties. However
dangerous and dark the path be, if I go forward God will take care
of die event; and, while the darknefs ®f fin leads down to the dark
nefs of eternal death, the light of grace will conduct me to eternal
life and light in glory., What a prefent help is God in trouble !
But how tremendous a foe \ Who can ftand before him if once he
be angry! Certain is their fall at laft who are found fighting againft
God ! If the Lord has delivered me from fo great a death, let my
heart, not for a while only, but for ever, be kindly imprefled with
his mercy; and rejoice that Jefus has delivered, and will deliver,
his church at the expenfe of her enemies.

Chap. XV. Ver. 1. Several of the verbs in this fong, relating to their pall deli
verance, are of the future tenfe in the original Hebrew, to intimate that it was but
an earned: of many fimilar ones to the Jewifh nation, and efpecially to the gofpel-
¦cburch and her true members; Jolh. vi. — xxi. Judg. iii. 10, 30. and iv. 16-. vii.
viii. and xi. 33. 1 Sam. vii. 10 — 13. and'xi. 11. and xiv. 13 — 23. and xvii. ji, 52.
2. Sam. v. viii. *. 2 Chron. xiv. xx. Ezra i. ii. Elth. viii. ix. Afts ii.—- xix-. Rev.
vi. 13. — 17. xv. — xix.

Ver. 2. God is, and gives to his people, ftrength, and matter of joy and praife.—
Mofes forcfaw that God would have a peculiar dwelling, among the Jews in his taber
nacle or temple..
Ver. 3. God is a Matt of -war, .as he powerfully protects his people, and 'execute!.
judgment upon their enemies.
Ver. 7. By manifold, glorious, and marvellous, works, God manifefted his own
infinite perfeaions,— He confumed. the Egyptians as 0 utile, eafily^ fuddenly, utttily*

Mofes and Miriam* s fong*

CHAP. XV.

Water fweet ened, and Ifrael proved.

8 And with the p blaft of thy noftrils

Before Chrift
14.91.
p ,ob 4. 9. ch.14. the waters, were gathered together ; the

ir.o. 3. pf.41. 2.
Hab. 3. 14-
$ Or, rtpefep.

t Ch. 14. 21, 27, 28.
Deut, II. 4. PI

"'^¦m?.'". floods ftood upright as an heap, and the
!e!h»:1'8' depths were congealed in the heart of
the fea.
,ch.i4.8,9,*5. 9 The enemy faid, q I will purfue, I
jIK luIS \ 2"' will overtake, I will divide the fpoil ; my
luft fhall be fatisfied upon them ; I will
draw my fword, my hand fhall § deftroy
them. 10 Thou didft r blow with thy wind,
\t'8c\,tl&k the fea covered them : they fank as lead
9. 11. Jolh. 24. 7. . . , J
h»m. 8,10. Heb. m the mighty waters.
»Deut.3-24-&3j, ii * Who is like unto thee, O Lord,
jiv£"j£j5: amongft the * gods ? who is like thee,
"'.kstwl"'. c glorious in hoiinefs, fearful in praifes,
doing wonders ?
12 Thou ftretchedft out thy right
&57.i5.pf.6s.s- hand, the earth fwallowed them.
pr. 77. 20. & 78. 13 Thou in thy mercy haft d led forth
,2" the people which thou haft redeemed-

18. Jer. 32. 20, 21
&33- 3-.
* Or, might/ ones,
tiSam. 2. 2. If..6. 3.

thou haft guided them in thy ftrength
h.\1\».%%1 unto xthy holy habitation.
14 y The people fhall hear.

an

d be

It Ch.
Pf.. .. 136.
80. 8, 9. & 74. 2.
y Num. 14.14. &«. afraid: forrow fhall take hold on the
2S' 9- inhabitants of Paleftina.
7. Num. 20. 12 — 21,
( & 22. 3. with
Gen. 36. 49.

11. 25. Jofh. 2. 9. 15 Then the z dukes of Edom fhall
be amazed ; the mighty men of Moab
trembling fhall take hold upon them ; all
"fe'iV&U's1; tne inhabitants of Canaan fliall a melt
6. Rev. is. lo.'lf! „„,„„
n.7,8. 1 sun. away.
16 Fear and dread fhall fall upon
them ; by the greatnefs of thine arm
%?i,Z%%. pr. they fhall be as ftill as a ftone ; till b thy
?p«'.2%fTft'J: people pafs over, O Lord, till the
people pafs over, which thou haft pur-
chafed.

c bring

th

em in,

and

ii!.6;"-4jer:f: plant them* in d the mountain of thine
¦dWii.,r pf. inheritance, in the place, O Lord, which
78. 68,69. f« ' thou haft made for thee to dwell in ; in
the fanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands
have eftablifhed.

Ver. 8. The ftj-ong wind, which God raifed, made the waters to Hand as ftill, on
either fide of the pafi'age, as if they had been mountains of ice.
Ver. 11. Hoiinefs is, as it were, the be'auty, comelinefs, and glory, of the God
head, and every particular excellency of it ; and the very perfections and works, for
which God is to be praifed, are awful and to be revered.
Ver. 14 — 16. All the nations about heard of God's delivering his people, and de
stroying the Egyptians : and then, hut efpecially afterwards, when the Ifraelites ap
proached their territories, they were filled with terror and dread.
"Ver. 13, 17. Canaan was a mountainous country, and is called God's inheritance,
fttstStttarj, and holy habitation; becaufe, for one thoufand five hundred years af the ty-

Dcfore Chrifl
'491'
c ft. 1^6. 10, Rev.
17. If. 57.
7- 8.
14-

18 The Lord fhall c reign for ever
and ever.
1 9 For the f horfe of Pharaoh went in "s- #V
with his chariots and with his horfemen fP2?. v&\\?'7; &',
into the fea, and the Lord brought i0-lSh
again the waters of the fea upon them ;
but the children of Ifrael went on dry
land in the midft of the fea.
20 % And Miriam the * prophetefs, s%%t^a'
the fifter of Aaron, took a h timbrel in her . '*""' '° s«
7 hjudg. ii. ja. &11.
hand ; and all the women went out after "samlTi* \u
her with timbrels and with dances. et.'iW'v.1*' p/i
21 And Miriam ' anfwered them, Sing ¦* chr. 5.13. ver. r.
ye to the Lord, for he hath triumphed
glorioufly ; the horfe and his rider hath
he thrown into the fea.
22 % So Mofes brought Ifrael from the
Red fea, and they went out into k the \%%?6.<7T''
wildernefs of Shur ; and they went l three jc^'s'^,,,,
days in the wildernefs, and found no 3S>
water. 23 5f And when they came to Marah
they could not drink of the waters of
Marah, for they were bitter : therefore
the name of it was called m Marah. ^Sai!^"1"-*'
24 And the people " murmured ap-ainft no. ,4.11. & ,«.
IT 1 O z. 8c 17.^. Nam.
Mofes, faying, ° What fhall we drink ? H'llfJiXM:
25 And he cried unto the Lord ; and ftr""*-5"*
the Lord fhewed him a p tree, which °m«-6. is.pt. 4.6.
when he had caft into the waters, thev\f^.L"'Xt
waters were made fweet: there he made i**.' *¦'«.*?¦
for them a ftatute and an ordinance, and
there he 1 proved them, ^%l6ih?.Ti*\
26 And faid, ' If thou wilt diligently ruv.26.3-13.'
11 1 • r 1 T G 1 ?eut. 28. 1-15.
hearken to the voice of the Lord thy &"-»»¦ «^
God, and wilt do that which is right in
his fight, and wilt give ear to his com
mandments, and keep all his ftatutes,
I will put none of thefe s difeafes upon > d™*. * 17,60. &
thee, which I have brought upon the
Egyptians: £ for I am the Lord that ^'g-*^;??
healeththee. IkCK;"^
27 ^[ u And they came to Elim, where "j."^.9;^-"-

pical difpenfation, God chofe it for the fpecial refidence of his worihip and fervic°.
Ver. 20, 21. Perhaps Miriam is here called the fifter tf Aaron, rather than of Mo
fes, becaufe ihe lived mollly with Aaron. — She and her companions feem to have re
peated the whole fong after Mofes and his brethren.
Ver. 24. To murmur againft God is to conceive unworthy and. hard thoughts of
his nature, word, or works ; or to utter them with our tongue.
Ver. 25. God there proiicd their faith and obedience, and publiihed his ftatutes,
promiling'them future favours on condition of their obedience.
Ver. 26. God heals, and helps, in every cafe refpecling either f ml or bedy, and de
livers from all-evils, felt or -feared, whether fpiritual, temporal, or eternal.
P 2.

The Ifraelites murmur for food. EXODUS.
v%^hf were twelve wells of water, and three-
' fcore and ten palm-trees : and they
encamped there by the waters.

God promifes them quails and manna.

Berore Chrift
1491.

CHAP.

XVI.

Contains an account of God's viclualling the camp of
Ifrael. Here is, ( I ) Their outrageous murmuring
for want of bread; I — 3. (2) While Mofes fharp
ly reproves their murmurs, God gracioufily promifes
them Jlefl) and bread from heaven; 4 — 12. (3)
Quails and manna are fent for their provifion ; I 3 —
15. (4) Laws and orders are given concerning
the manna ; viz. that they fhould gather and eat it
daily; that they fhould gather a double portion on the
fixth day, but expecl none upon the feventh ; and that
they fhould preferve a potful of it for a memorial;
16—36.

A Num. 33. IO, II.
<h. 15. 27,

A1

ND they a took their journey from
Elim ; and all the congregation of
the children of Ifrael came into the wil
dernefs of Sin, which is between Elim
and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the
fecond month after their departing out of
the land of Egypt.
*?,cn,I9i'o4'&u,4.' 2 An(l the b whole congregation of the
Irl-s&i".? children of Ifrael murmured againft
a. ,5.i4- & M ]y[0fes an(j Aaron in the wildernefs :
3 And the children of Ifrael faid unto
« Num. '42^8-- »- them, c Would to God we had died by
iii'SiV4'"' the hand of the Lord in the land of
,1 Num. 11. 4, j. Egypt, when we fat by the d flefh -pots,
,h-2-13- and when we did eat bread to the full;
for ye have brought us forth into this

wildernefs to kill this whole affembly
with e hunger.
4 <[[ Then faid the Lord unto Mofes,
f Behold, I will rain bread from heaven £i fM'f

e Deut 8. 3. jct,
z 6 Pf. ,07, s.
C-- ;8. I9, 20.
ch. i*. 11. Num.

for you ; and the people fhall go out and f J^'^u
gather E a certain rate every day, that I ¦£; ^'& 'k
may h prove them, whether they will X6,^*
walk in my law or no. sva.l'Lt.s.
5 And it fhall come to pafs, that on f^1''*
the fixth day they fhall ' prepare that %^f,iit.B'
which they bring in ; and it fhall be twice i ver. 23. ch. ,$.,,,
as much as they gather daily.
6 And Mofes and Aaron faid unto all
the children of Ifrael, At even, then ye
fhall know that kthe Lord hath brought k £?&&££
you out from the land of Egypt :
7 l And in the morning, then ye fhall IVcr'3-
fee the m glory of the Lord ; for that he m£y^£*|
heareth your murmurings * againft the SU'.*'6'4*'
Lord : and what are we, that ye mur- ^J^s*

mur again

ft

us

mur ; we are brit
his minifters, who

8 And Mofes faid, This fhall be when uo„b.yte
the Lord fhall give you in the evening
flefh to eat, and in the morning bread to
the full ; for that the Lord heareth your
murmurings which ye murmur againft
him : and what are we ? your murmur
ings are not "againft us, but againft the n T^ffi

Lord.

9 And Mofes fpake unto Aaron, Say

1 Sam. 8. 7. Lute
. , 16. Mat. 10,.
40. & 18. 5. Rom.
13, 2.

unto all the congregation of the chil-
J r tr 1 /"i r o Ver. 10. Dent. a.
dren of Ifrael, Come near ° before the &V."ecioi.f~

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — Admire, my foul, the dif-
played perfections, the tranfadted works, the fulfilled promifes, the
endeari ig relations, of the Moft High ! How his feeble followers
are encouraged and helped ! How his proud oppofers fall under him !
Awake, awake, and utter this fong of Mofes and of the Lamb !
Since the Lord hath brought me through fire and water to a goodly
heritage, fmce he hath brought me out of a fearful pit, and out of
the miry clay, let me believe his mighty works, and fing his praife.
Let there be a new fong in my heart, and in my mouth, even
praifss to our God. Let my meditation of him be fweet : and let
my foul, which he hath redeemed, rejoice in God, my only Lord.
With fweet aftonifhment, with heart-burning affection, and with
enrapturing joy, let me fing, what Jehovah, Father, Son, and
Holy Ghoft, have done, and will do, for me ; — what they have
given, and will give, to men — to me ; — what they are, and for
ever will be, to men — to me ! And while I go up, through this
wildernefs-world, to my Canaan above, let me kindly accept the
mixture of croiTes and comforts which God allots to me. If parch

ing thirft, if bitter gall, fucceed my noted deliverances, let me ne
ver once doubt of his love ; never once, fear that all things are
againft me. If I am dear to God, it is proper that he male me: ¦
fmart for my fin. If he love me, let him not fpare his rod of .cor
rection, which drives folly from my heart. If Jefus' prefence^
fweeten my bitter draughts, it is enough. The cup, which my;
Father giveth me, fhall I not drink it? If Jehovah be my God,,
that healeth me, let him make me wounds all over, that I
may feel his word, his blood, his Spirit, applied, and his hands *
binding up and making me whole. If I get Elim refrefhments
here, let me adore his fovereign kindnefs. But let my laft march
be to the river of life, clear as chryftal ; to the living fountains of
waters, where God himfelf fhall wipe all tears from mine eyes.
Meanwhile, let me not be unaffedted with the great deliverances
Which God hath wrought, and fhall work, for his gofpel-church ;
with his deftrudlion of her heathenifb and antichriftian enemies;
while exercifed herfelf with a viciffitude of embafraffing troubles
and joyful deliverances.

Chap. XVI. Ver. 4. The manna fell from heaven in the manner of rain or dew
and by it God proved the Ifraelites; tried whether miraculous favours would induce
them to an cxait obfervation of his laws.

Ver. 5. It was the fixth day of the week on which the double portion of manna
was gathered ; but whether it was the fixth after the Hebrews murmured, and fisth or
the fall of the manna, is not certain.

tAVOsfor gathering, preparing,

CHAP, XVI.

and eating, the manna.

Before Chrift
1491.

p If. 37. 29. Gen. 18. ingS.
r 20, 21. Heh. 4- °
13. Pf.90. 8. k
94.7. Joh34.2i.
Prov. 5. 21. Jer.
16. 17. & 23.24,
15. If. 29. 15.

Lord ; for he hath p heard your murmur-
rs. '
10 And it came to pafs, as Aaron fpake

^Cb. 13.20,11.
Lev. 9. 6, £3.
Num. 12.5. re 14
10. Sc 16.4,2. ch
24.16.

r See rer. 9.

unto the whole congregation of the chil
dren of Ifrael, that they looked toward
the wildernefs ; and, behold, the glory of
the Lord 1 appeared in the cloud.
1 1 f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 2 r I have heard the murmurings of
the children of Ifrael : fpeak unto them,
» see «r. 13, 14, 15. faying, s At even ye fhall eat flefh, and in
the morning ye fhall be filled with bread ;
ich."6.7,iKin.». and l ye fhall know that I am the Lord
28. Joel 3. 17. J
£S3££i your God.
13, 14.. & 7. 4, 9,
27. oc 11. 10,12. Sc
U:W&££ " the quails

13 ^[ And it came to pafs, that at even

41, &c.

came

up,

and covered the

camp : and in the morning the * dew lay
round about the hoft.

14 And when *

the dew that lay
upon the face of

0 Num. 11. 31.
105. 40.
X Pf. 78. 23, 14.
JT Num. II. 9. "Neh.
SftftV* was S?ne UP' benold>
the wildernefs there lay a fmall round
thing, as fmall as the hoar froft on the
ground. 15 And- when the children of Ifrael
"^''itisa'pZi'tll, faw//, they faid one to another, zTt is
Hum. 11. 7—9. J . . n ,
2£* *jo}fh!t f2r; manna : for they wift not what it was.
¦ E^.7r"' ' And Mofes faid unto them, 'This is the
"rc^jfp'ro'v'^' bread which the. Lord hath given you to
£zi.6:8cjf.z\ ea^
1 6 *[[ This is the thing which the Lord
hath commanded, Gather of it every man
fo\f£.Rv' according to his eating ; an b omer c for

Rev. 2.17. Eph. 3.
19. Pf. 34. 8—10.
& 36. 8. & 65. 4.

29, Rom. 3.
:o. Col. 2. r

ppii.^ili. every man, according to the number of
" nio; your perfons ; take ye every man for them
which are in, his, tents*
1 7 And the children of Ifrael did fo,
and gathered, fome more, fome lefs.
1,8 And when they did mete it with
an omer, d he that gathered much had
and he that gathered little
they gathered every man
according to his eating.
19 And Mofes faid, Let no man e leave
^Heb.'j.T^ 0f it till the morning.

* 2 Cor. J. 14, 1 j.
Gal. 3. 18, 29.
2 Pet. 1. 1. 1 Cor.
1-30. 2Cor. 5. 21.
Col. 2, 10. 8c%. 11.

' . 'V
«»Ch. 6.2.

nothing over,
had no lack :

* Cor.
6- 31,

33, 34. Heb. 13. 5
Prov. 27. 1. Eccl,

Before Chrift
149 1.

10. 4. John 12. -t^.
Gal. 6. 10. Luke
19.42 Eccl.o. 10.
2 Cor. 6. 2. Prov.
8. 17. Jer. 2. z. 8s:
31.3.

20 Notwithftanding they hearkened
not unto Mofes ; but fome of them left of
it until the morning, and it f bred worms fL^TH;^.\f;u
and flank : and Mofes was wroth with y^cT',9^
1 Prov. 1. 24— 321
them. 2 1 And they gathered it s every morn- £
ing, every man according to his eating :
and when the fun waxed hot it melted.
22 ^[ And it came to pafs, that on the
fixth day they gathered h twice as much *""»'4' "
bread, two orner's for one man : and all.
the rulers of the congregation. came and:
told Mofes.
23 And he faid unto them,. This is-
that which the Lord hath faid, To-mor
row is the * reft of the holy fabbath unto iGZ'8c7,isXzlh
the Lord:. kbake that which ye will
bake to-day^ aad feethe that ye will.
feethe;. and that which remaineth over
lay up, for you to be kept until the
morning. 24 And they l laid it up till the morn- lVer<M»
ing, as Mofes bade : and it did not
ftink,. neither was there any worm.
therein.. 25 And Mofes .faid, m Eat that to- "«£$?*
day; for to-day ism fabbath unto the
Lord : to-day ye fhall not find it .in the.
field. 26 Six days ye fliall gather it; but on
the feventh day, which is. the fabbath, .
nin it there fhall be none..
27 ^[ And it came to pafs; that there

Lev. 23. j.
k Num. 11, S.

n Mat. 15.8. Rev. Td
61 7. Luke 19,42.

0 Nam. ao.i 2. Deur,

"went out fome of the people on the j;^**;"-1?
feventh day for to gather, and they found .

none.

':&

28 And the Lord- faid unto Mofes,
p How- long refufe ye to keep my com- p&*?*2.r'ilS'un1:
, ^ 3 , i y. 11. PIV^. 8.
mandments and my laws r;
29 See, for that the Lord hath given
you the fabbath, therefore he giveth you
on the fixth day the bread of two days :
q abide ye every man in his place, let no
man gro out of his place on the feventh &»¦
O i 2J. 3.
day..

Prov. 1. 22. & 6-9

q Ver. 23. -ch. 35. 2,
1. & 31. 13-17.
fc34.2I.&-l.I2. 1.8— 11. Lev..

Ver. 10,. While the cloud marched before them into the wildernefs an extraordi
nary brightnefs appeared in it.
Ver. 16. Every man had about five Englifh;' pints of it allotted him for his daily
provifion. Ver. 18 The provifion for a family was put into a common ftaclc, and the mailer
meafured out to each his fhare.
Ver. jo. To prevent a fuperftitious keeping of it, and to caufe them always to truft

la God for more, none of it was to be kept over the night.
Ver. 22. The rulers told Mofes; obfervant of God's kindnefs, and that they might
receive directions how to difpofe of this double portion.
Ver. 23. They might not drefs manna on the fabbath, as it required a great deal
of labour to grind and bake.it; Numb. xi. 8.
Ver. 29. On the fabbath no one was allowed to travel, except to tb; public worlhip
of Cod, or about works of ncctiTi t y arid roercy.

The pot. of manna laid up.

EXODUS.

The Ifraelites murmur.

Before Chrift
1491'
r Deut. 5. 1.2— 14.
Luke 24. 56. oi
30.8 — 11. ver. 29.
¦6 Nam. it. 7. Song
5. 16* & 2- 3- Jer-
i5.i6.Pf-34.8.'&19.10. & 119. 103.
¦John 6. S5-

YHfeb. l.i. Pf. ib?.
1. 2. & 105. 5. Ii".
-63. 7. .fee ch. 12.
14. & 13. 9, 16.
I&et. 1.U.&3.1.

¦« Heb. 9. 4.. Rom.
15. 4. & 16. 26,
27. ver.. 32.

;X Ark, which held
the tables of the
law, ch. 25.16711.
Deut. 10. 5.
y Num. 33.38. Deut.
8. 2, 3., 16. Nuh.a.
15, 20,21. Ff.78.
24, 15. Jofh. 5. 12.
John 6. 31 — 57.
¦Gal. 2. 20. 1 Cor.
I. JO.

z Ver. t6. abbut
ji pints.

30 So the people ,f refted on the feventh
day. 3 1 And the houfe of Ifrael called the
name thereof Manna : and it was s like
coriander-feed, white,; and the tafte of it
was like wafers made with honey.
32 f And Mofes faid, This is the
thing which the Lord ' commandeth,
Fill an -omer of it to be kept for your
generations -; that they may fee the bread
wherewith I have fed you in the wilder-
-nefs, when I brought you forth from thc
land of Egypt.
"22 And Mofes faid unto Aaron, u Take
a pot, and put -an , omer full of manna
therein, and lay it up before the Lord,
to be kept for your generations.
34 As the Lord commanded Mofes,
fo Aaron laid it up before the K Tefti-
mony, to be kept.
35 And the children of Ifrael * did eat
manna forty years, until they came to a
land inhabited ; they did eat manna
«ntil they came unto the borders of the
land of Canaan.
36 Now an omer is the tenth part of
an z ephah. CHAP. XVII.
Contains the hiftory of God's watering the. camp of If
rael, and his warring in their behalf ( I ) Diftreffed

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — Our comfortable glances
of profperity on earth foon change and pafs away; while freih diffi
culties produce frefh murmurings; and difcontent vilifies what it
has, and magnifies what it lofeth or defires. But how criminal
to diftruft God's goodnefs and power, to defpair of mercy and life,
whenever we are brought into ftraits ! and to murmur defperately,
after God hath wrought wonders for our relief! Obferve, all abufe
of his fervants ftrikes againft God himfelf; and noted difplays of
his glory fhall effectually check the murmurs of prefumptuous fin
ners, and vindicate the faithful nieffengers of Chrift! But for the
children of God to difquiet their minds about temporal neceffaries,
when their heavenly -Father can with a word fupply them with every
thing ufeful, is both foolifh and highly offenfive. Bread fliall be given
them, and their water fhall be fure. So tranfeendent is his kindnefs,
that he beftows on wicked murmurers, not only neceiTaries, bat even
delicacies. Amidft prudent care and diligent arSHvity to make pro
vifion for myfelf, it becomes me to beware of covetoufnefs or finful
diftruft ; to live alway contented with bare neceffaries for the time,
and depend upon God for what maybe needful hereafter. Never
let any earthly gain prevent my fanrStification of the fab*bath. If,

with the murmurings of the people for want of wa
tery Mofes cries to God; who direcls him to bring
water out of a flinty rock, by fimiting it with his rod;
I — 7. (2) Attacked by the Amalekites in their
.-march, the Ifraelites, commanded by fofhua, encou
raged by the elevation of Mofes' rod as their banner,
and affifted by his prayers, defeat them ; and record
their viclory, with the Lord's purpofe of plaguing
the Amalekites, till they fhould be utterly deftroyed ;
8—16..
AN D all the congregation of the
children of Ifrael "journeyed from
the wildernefs of Sin, after their journeys,
according to the commandment of the
Lord, and pitched in Rephidim : and
there was b no water for the people to
drink. 2 Wherefore the people did c chide
with Mofes, and faid, Give us water
that we may drink. And Mofes faid
unto them, Why chide ye with me ?
wherefore do ye A tempt the Lord ?
3 And the people thirfted there for
water ; and thex people murmured againft
Mofes, and faid, e Wherefore is this that
thou haft brought us up out of Egypt, to
kill us and our children and our cattle
with thirft ?
4 And Mofes cried unto the Lord,
faying, f What fliall I do unto this
people ? they be almoft ready to s ftone
me.

Before Chrift
149 1.

a Num. 33. 12—14,
ch. 16. I. ver. 7.
frill going fouth.
eaft along the ealt
fide ofthe Red fea.

b Tcr. 2.6. Deut. X.
15. Pf. 107. 5.

c Ch. 14. 11, 12. &
15.24. 8c 16.2,3.
Num. 11. 1— 10.
& 14. 1—4 & 16.
41. &20. 2— 5. 8s
21.5.

dNum.14.22-.Deuf. 6. 16. PC 78. 41.
Mat. 4. 7. & 16. 1.
z, 3. Afts 15. I«.
I Cor. 10. 9.

e Ch. 14. 11, 12. 8s
15. 24. & 16. 3.
Num. 14,2. &11.
4,5,6, & 20.3.6s
21.-5.

f Ch. 14. is. te ij.
25. Num. 11/ 11,
15,22. &20.10.

g Num. 14. 10.
I Sam. 30. 6.

from regard to its honour, I deny myfelf, the Lord of it wilfafTtir-
edly make up my lofs, and be my exceeding great reward. But if
the Lord hath fhewed me his great kindnefs, let me treafure itup in
my heart for grateful remembrance through all my life,  In this
manna I contemplate Jefus the true bread — Jefus the bread of life.
He is the free gift of God to murmuring and rebellious finners,
ftarving to eternal death. In the camp of the vifible church he
comes down from heaven, in the dewy ordinances and offers of
the gofpel, early, daily, and plentifully. Small, and contemned by
many, and unknown to moft, he is the divinely prepared, the myf
terious, the pure, the fweet, the wholefome, the all-fufHcient, and
all-fuitable nourifhment of our fouls; which God liberally and
conftantly diftributes to us, and which we ought early, earneftly,
and daily, to receive, each for ourfelves ; and the more fo as we
approach towards the eternal ftate, in which we fhall have no fur
ther offers of his grace. And, as he was bruifed in the mortar
and mill of his Father's indignation, and baleen in the oven bf his
wrath, let me receive him into a wounded confeience and a broken
heart, as the grand reftorative and nourifher to eternal life.

Ver. 34* It was not till about ten months after that this notful of manna was laid
up before the tables jf the law, on the forefide of the ark.
Chap. XVII. Ver. 2. The Ifraelites abufed Mofes with provoking and reproach
ful .language. — Men tempt the Lord, 1. By finning wilfully, and thus putting him to
the trial, whether he be omnifcient, juft, powerful, ice. Acls v. 3. {2) By unne-.

ceflary rulliing on vifible dangers without any lawful call, Mat. iv. 6, 7. (3) By a
prefumptuous demanding of miracles, to try whether God can work them, Mat. xvi.. I.
Lnkexi. 16. (4) By prefumptuoully prefcribing to him when and how he ihoold
accomplirti his promifes or threatenings as the token of his prefence with them; Pf.
Ixxviii. 41.

Mofes fetches wafer from fhe rock.

CHAP. XVII.

Before Chrift
1491.

9. 15.H'. 48,21.
I Car. 10. 4.

5 And the Lord faid \into Mofes,
h Ezek. 2. 6. Aas h Go on before the people, and take with
t^sVnX"1' thee of » the elders of Ifrael; and thy
"*£.* 'i**9, rod> k wherewith thou fmoteft the river,
kseeeh.«i7:M. take in thine hand, and eo.
& 7. 20, & 14, 16. ' ^ to
iNem.2o.«,9. pr. 6 * Behold, I will ftand before thee
t £*£.%"* there upon the rock in Horeb ; and thou
Deut. 8. 15. Neh, - n r. , '
fhalt fmite the rock, and there fliall come
water out of it, that the people may
drink. And Mofes did fo in the fight of
the elders of Ifrael.
7 And he called the name of the place
* Maflah, and t Meribah, m becaufe of
J>"f'- the chiding of the children of Ifrael, and
™&,Tsc0glilv[' becaufe they tempted the Lord, faying,
Is the Lord among us or not ?
8 f " Then came Amalek, and fought

•That is, temptation.
f That is, chiding, or

»Oen. 14.7. Deut.
25. 17, 18, 19.
mollis}' with Ifrael in Rephidim
0 ^H'il'sf. 3J- 9 And Mofes faid unto ° Jofhua, Choofe
*£%,?& \t,% us out. men, and go out, fight with
*,"& M?9' . jojh. Amalek : to-morrow I will ftand on the
1 — xxiv. called _ - .
^ebVsf7'45' t0P ofthe hill, with the p rod of God in
pch.4.;,i7,2o&mine hand.
10 So 1 Jofhua did as Mofes had faid
to him, and fought with Amalek : and
Mofes, Aaron, and Hur, went up to
xpr.28.1. &s6.9. the top of the hill.
]¦,*¦'$£$*• n And it came to pafs, when Mofes
XU 50. 9. oCaJ- 24. ¦ „ .. .._ _ _-L _

7. zo. & 14. 16.

q Judg. 5. 1
Num. 13. !

with
ver.

ii. 58. 9..&P5.24. r *
n!&M\T.$' r held up his hand, that Ifrael prevailed

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — The ftraits of the peo
ple of God frequently recur upon them ; and how commonly do
they afford occafion for repeated unbelief, and a finful rage of fpirit,
under them, while the greateft kindneffes are forgotten, or ill-re
quited. Humble prayer is moft effectual to compofe the fpirit
under fuch injurious treatment. Did we then but recollect the
circurnftances of our fins, it would tend rather to our humiliation ;
and, did we but wait with humble patience, we fhould foon difco-
ver that God can open the moft abundant fupplies in our greateft
diftreffes.^ How heartily wicked men hate the faints, and take all
opportunities to diftrefs "them! But terrible is the vengeance that
awaits them on account of it. The prayers of the faints, and the
fword of Jehovah are effectual to accomplifh their ruin. Let me
then never murmur againft, never diftruft, myGod of infinite power
and grace ! Let me, in every cafe, cry to him, who can turn flinty
rocks into water-fprings ! If I receive mercies amidft my provoca-
Ver. 5. The elders of the people were to witnefs Mofes' bringing- forth water from
the rock, and to report it to the people.
Ver. 6. God flood above the rock in the pillar of cloud, the token of his prefence,
toihew that it was his powerful influence, not Mofes' ilrokej that.Brought forth the
water.— This rock, it is reported, remains vifible till this day, as a kind of large (tone,
Wth twelve or twenty- four openings, in the valley of Rephidim.
Ver. a. Whether thefe Amalekites were in league with the Egyptians, or were
Canaanites, or Edomites ; or whether they attacked them merely for the fake of the
HChes they had brought out of Egypt ; we know not.
Ver. 9. Mofes Hood on the ton of the hijl, in jiew.of the Ifraelites, with his wonder-

The Jmalekites defeated and curfed.
Amalek

.Before Chrift
J491.

5 Mat. 26. 41, 43.
Rom. 12. 12. Gal.,

and when he let down his hand,
. prevailed. 12 But Mofes' hands were s heavy ;
and they took a ftone, and put it under co?.'**!'&,,!'
him, and he fat thereon : and Aaron and
Hur l flayed up his hands, the .one on ' tt'lv'^m™:
1 fJ, *- , , 6, 7- -M«. 24. IJ*.
the one fide, and the other on the other H«b.7.»s.
fide ; and his hands were fteady until the
going down of the fun.
13 And Jofhua difcomfited Amalek and
his people with the edge" of the fword.
14 ^F And the Lord faid unto Mofes,,
"Write this for a memorial in a book, "™- ^.27. p«*.
and rehearfe it in the ears of Jofhua: for **«•**'¦*£¦
* 1 will utterly put out the remembrance * Num.24. 20. Dent.
C \ 1 i r 1 1 25. 17— i9-isam»
of Amalek from under heaven. Hffl *&?,:
15 And Mofes / built an altar, and '',-hMf
., -', , 7 y Gen. 8. 20. & 12.7s
called the name of it * JEHOVAH- *.%&*££:
mill . * E2;ek. 48. 35.
16 For he faid, + Becaufe the + Lord *«*£<»-<* ^w.*.--
hath fworn, that the Lord z will have

f Or, Becaufy
hand of Amah I ij,
war with Amalek from generation to 'tfllilfs!"

generation.

CHAP. XVIII.
Contains the hiftory of the vifit -which Jethro paid to
Mofes ; buty whether before or after the giving of
the law at Sinai, I cannot certainly determine.
(1) Jethro brings to Mofes his. wife and two fons
from the land of Midian;. I — 6. (a) Upon Mo-

% Heb. the bund upon.-
the throne of the
Lord. .
2 -Ver. 14. Ii": 3. it..
Pf. 2-1. 9, 10, ir.
2Thef: 'i.*, 9. If,
14. 20,21. ch. 20.-.
5. Mal. 1.4,.

dons, I may expect new trials. But Jet me.depend upon God, in
all my warfare, and praife him for all my victories. ^But in this
fmitten rock I behold Jefus, the firm, the unchangeable God, and
Mediator of his people,, who-j/or our deferts of hell and damnation,.
appeared in our nature ! — Jefus, the ftone fmitten by Mofes' fiery
law, before the rulers and people of Ifrael,. that ftreams of atoning
blood and fanrSiifying virtue might iffue forth, and run in this wil
dernefs of our world, for the purificatioa and refrefhmentof finful
men.  In this warfare I behold Je£us,.MY all. in all, as the
Captain of falvation, directing the Lord's hoft.  Jefus, the
rod, the branch, lifted up as an- enfign to the- Gentiles!— Jefus, as
my unwearied interceffor at the right hand of the Majefty on.
high! — Jefus, through whom I am more than a conqueror; and
who hath fworn that he will have war with the enemies of his
people, from generation to generationj till they be utterly de--
ftroyed ! '

working.rod llfted.up as. their banner,, and as a token of the Lord's prefence with and
affiftance of them.
Ver. 11. This different fuccefs, anfwerable to Mofes' elevation of his hands' and
rod',, marked.the power and "efficacy of prayer: and that they could do notliing but-as
God encouraged and ftrengthened them.
Ver. 12. This marked the human weaknefs of Mofes; and that Chrift, by his
prefence and Spirit, muft help our infirmities in prayer. .
Ver. 14. Jofhua was to hear it, as he arid, his fucceffors, who commanded the ar+
mies of Ifrael, were to watch every opportunity of deftroying the Amalekites.
Ver.. 15. The defign of this altar was to commemorate the viftory divinely be»
flowed, and to oft'er facrifices of thankfgiyingthei-eupon. ..

Jethro brings to Mofes his wife andfons.

EXODUS.

His advice to Mofes.

, Before Chrift
1491.

l Ch. t. 16. & 3
8c 4..18.

, Pf. 44. 2, 3. ch.
,vi— xvii. & 15.14.

fes' welcoming of them, and rchearfal of what the
Lord had done for Ifrael, Jethro r.joices, offers fa
crifices of thankfgiving ; and he and Mofes, Aaron,
and the elders of Ifrael, f eaft upon them; J, 12. (3)
Obferving the burden which Mofes took upon him
felf, in judging the people, Jethro, with fubmiffion to
the divine direclion, advifies him to appoint fubordinate
judges for the eafier caufies, and to referve only the
judgment of the more difficult to himfelf; 13, 23.
{4) Mofei, di reded of God, complies with this ad
vice ; 24 — 27. Jethro, the prieft of
Midian, Mofes'' father-in-law,
b heard of all that God had done for
Mofes, and for Ifrael his people, and
that the Lord had brought Ifrael out of

¦WTN

Egypt; 2 Then Jethro,

Mofes' father-in-law,

cCzs. Num.*?'"' took c Zipporah Mofes' wife, after he had
d ch. 4. 26. d fent her back,
3 And her two fons ; of which the
* £h'.4-i7.,Chr' c name ofthe one was f Gerfhom ; for he
I have been an alien in a ftrange

i.cs.AJIrtmgcrthere, laid.
Pf. 39. 12. Heb. 3. '
u.ipet.2.11. land:

1 i. t. My God is an
help, Pf. 46. 5. &
IS. 23. If. 50. 7, 9.
ch. z. 15.

li Ch. 3. 1. &19. 11,
20. 8c 24. 16, 17,
I Kin. 19. 8.
* By his raeffenger.

1 Afls 28. 15. Judg.
11. 34. ch. 20. 12.
I Kin. 2. 19. Gen.
29. II.

lc Heb. feacs, z Sam.
ji.7. Pf. izz. 6.

I Pf.405. 1, 2. & 145.
4 — 7, 11, 12. ch.
vii — xvii. Neh.
ix. If. 63. 7— 14.

Mi Keb. found them,
Neh. 9. 32.

n If. 44.23. & 66.10.
Rom. 12. 12, 15.
If. 63. .7;— 14- Vf-
cv. cvii. cxxviii.
exxxvi.

Before Chrift
149 1.

goodnefs which the Lord had done to
Ifrael, whom he had delivered out of the
hand of the Egyptians.
10 And Jethro faid, "Bleffed be the
Lord, who hath delivered you out of the
hand of the Egyptians, and out of the
hand of Pharaoh, who hath delivered
the people from under the hand of the
Egyptians. 1 1 Now'l p know that the** Lord is pT^a'lKU"

4 And the name of the other was
B Eliezer ; for the God of my father, faid
he, was mine help, and delivered me from
the fword of Pharaoh :
5 And Jethro, Mofes' father-in-law,
came with his fons and his wife unto
Mofes into the wildernefs, where he
encamped at the h mount of God :
6 And *he faid unto Mofes, I thy
father-in-law Jethro am come unto thee,
and thy wife, and her two fons with
her. 7 ^[ And Mofes went out to ' meet his
father-in-law, and did obeifance, and
kiffed him; and they afked each other
of their k welfare; and they came into the
tent. 8 And Mofes l told his father-in-law
all that the Lord had done unto Pharaoh
and to the Egyptians for Ifrael's fake, and
all the travail that had m come upon them
by the way, and how the Lord delivered
them. 9 5T And Jethro n rejoiced for all the

o Gen. -;. 26, ,& 14.
20. 1 Kin. 8. 15,
iChr. 29. 10. Neh.
1—6. 1 Car. 20.
6,7.

greater

•than all gods ;

r for in the thing

q 1 Chr. 17. 19, zo.s-
Jer. 10. 6. 16. Job
11. 7. Pf. 145. t.
& 147. s. &85.S,
10. & 89. 6, 8. 8c
I36,S,3.&72.l8.
fee ch. 15. 11,
Deut. 10. 17. Jofh.
24. 22.
r Ch. i. 10, 16, 22.
&S-a,7.&iS*9- 8c 10. 16. &c 14.
18. Dan. 4. 37. Job
5. n— 13. & 4a.
II, IS.
1 Gen. 8. 20. Job 1.5.
ch. 24. 5. Lev. 1.
3- & 7- IJ-
t Eccl. 10. 19. ch. 24.
II. Deut. 12. 5—
7. &Z7. 7. I Chr.
29. 21, 22. I Cor.
10. 31.
u Judg. 5. 10. I Kin,
I.I3.Jolll9.7,2j,

wherein they dealt proudly he voas above
them. -
1 2 And Jethro, Mofes' father-in-law,
took s a burnt-offering and facrifices for
God : and Aaron came, and all -the elders
of Ifrael, to c eat bread with Mofes' father-
in-law before God.
1 3 % And . it came to pafs on the
morrow, that Mofes u fat to judge the
people : and the people ftood by Mofes
from the morning unto the evening.
14 And when Mofes' father-in-law
faw all that he did to the people, he faid,
What is this thing that thou doft to the
people ? Why fitteft thou thyfelf alone,
and all the people ftand by thee from
morning unto even ?
1 5 And Mofes faid unto his father-in-
law, Becaufe the "people come unto me
to * inquire of God :
1 6 When they have a matter they come
unto me, and I judge between + one and
another, and I do make them know, the
ftatutes of God and his laws.
17 And Mofes' father-in-law faid
unto him, The thing that thou doeft is
not good.
1 8 ^ Thou wilt furely wear away, both
thou, and this people that is with thee :
for this thing is too heavy for thee ;
z thou art not able to perform it thyfelf 'tSSiiSL1 "
alone. 1 9 Hearken now unto my voice ; I
will give thee counfel, and a God fhall* &n3,*Ii>3«•'1',,
be with thee : . be thou for the people to

X Ver. i5, 19. Lev.
24. 12, Num. 15.
34. & 27. 5, 1 Sam.
9. 9. They in
quire of me what
ii the will of God
in doubtful cafes.
} Heb. a man and hk
jellow.

y Heb. jWrnff rtrt

witt. fade. If. 40. 5,
7.pr.J9.5.*7£: 39. Sc 49. 7, 9,*
89. 48. Be 103. 14
-ri6. lPet. i.«4»

Chap. XVIII. Ver. 6, 7. Jethro fent a meiTenger to inform Mofes of his com
ing ; and Mofes hereupon went to meet him.
Ver. 11. -Even in the Egyptians' haughty and infolent deUining of his people If
rael, imagining it impoflible for their Qod to deliver them, he fhewed himfelf infinitely
their fuperior in wifdom and might.

Ver. n?. They feafted before God, near to the fymbol of his prefence in the cloud,
or on the moiint, and in holy awe of him, and as in his fight.
Ver. 17, 18. What thou doft is not convenient either for thyfelf or the people.
This tedious attendance will deftroy thine own health and theirs.
Ver. 13, I make no doubt but Go4 will blefs thee in following the courfe to WjM'k
I advife. *

Mofes appoints the rulers,

CHAP. XVIII. XIX.

Jethro returns home.

Before Chrift
149 1.

God-ward, that thou mayeft bring the
b Difficult caufe*, b caufes unto God :
'scTfY-'e"'"' 20 And thou fhalt c teach them ordi-
c cot?*8,V nances and laws, and fhalt fhew them the
z -rim. 4. z. 1 cor. ^^ wherein they muft walk, and the
^Ma™'. d work that they muft do.
. Deut."' J[ iS. 2I Moreover thou fhalt c provide out
zchr'.'i^.V,^ of all the people able men, fuch as fear
b"u?'w-i"s' God, men of truth, hating covetoufnefs ;
and place fuch over them, to be rulers of
thoufands, and rulers of hundreds, rulers
of fifties, and rulers of tens :
22 And f let them judge the people at
all feafons : and it fhall be that every
great matter they fhall bring unto
thee, but every fmall matter they fhall
judge: fo fhall it be eafier for thyfelf,
and they fhall bear th$ burden with
thee. ¦
23 If thou fhalt do this thing, and

f Ver. 19, 16.
Belli. I. II,

% Approve of this
courfe. "'
11. 16.

God E command theeyo, then thou fhalt

be able to endure, and all this people
* S^elk fhall alfo go to their place * in peace.
vertaendS, 24 So Mofes h hearkened to the voice of
.^.Vi'sam!^' his father-in-law, and ' did all that he
33. 1 Cor. 12. xi. | j p . j
iAfterGodhadcom- ^0. laid.

manded it, Num.
11. 16. and it had

25 And Mofes k chofe able men out of
thecp£XDeu» aii Jfrael, and made them Tieads over the
I. I4r— 18. '
k upon the people's people ; rulers of thoufands, rulers of
recommendation, 1_ 1 J 1 C r C^' J 1 C
Dent. ,. 13, i4. hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of
Afts 14. 23. & 6. '
hi- tens. 26 And they judged the people at all
feafons : the hard caufes they brought

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — It is highly becoming that
profeired faints fhould mark every turn of providence that befalls
them ; and, in a dependence on God as their help, reckon them
felves ftrangers on earth : and that they fhould inquire after, and
rejoice in, one another?s welfare. It is neceffary that, if married
perfons part for a time, they fhould meet again with the firft conve-
niency, that they may fliare in one another's honours and comforts,
as well as in their troubles : and that children mould be, as much
as poffible, under the immediate infpedfion of religious parents.
When great honours from God are attended with due humility
towards men ; and when fuch as have feen much of the Lord's
goodnefs readily communicate their experiences to their friends,
efpecially when meeting together, they chiefly converfe concern
ing the things of God, and fanciify their mutual friendfhip with

Ver. 20. Thou flialt deliver. and explain to them God's Laws, which they may
apply to their particular cafes and, occafions.
Ver. -2.1. -Men of underftanding, courage, piety, candour, faithfulnefs, and ho-
nefty, and who will difcourage every wicked thing.
Caw. XIX. Ver. 3. Mofes went up to the prefence of God, where the cloud
refted on Sinai, oipe or ten different times j ver. 7, 8, 10, 14, zo, zi, z j. ch. x;c. zi.
Vol. I.

Before Chrifl
1492.

unto Mofes, but every fmall matter they
judged themfelves.
27 % 'And -Mofes let his father-in- 1<$£%»,?,'i&
11 -l -» 1 • • lint- nRrhans. till
law depart ; and he went his way into
his own land.

not, perhaps, till
the lawivas given,
and tabernacle
cretfed, Num. l»,
29.

CHAP.

XIX.

Contains an account of the preparations for God' s giving of
the law at mount Sinai. ( 1 ) On the forty-fifth orforty-
fieventh day of their departure from Egypt the Ifraelites
arrive at the place; 1, 2. (2) God, by Mofes,
propofes to them the terms of their covenant-relation
to him, and they too boldly accept them ; 3 — 8. (3)
Notice being given, that on the third day God in
tended to publifh his law, orders for preparing the peo
ple to receive it are iffued, and carefully executed;
'9—15. (4) A moft terrible appearance of the glory
of God is exhibited on mount Sinai; 16 — 20. (5)
The people are charged to obferve a refpeclful difiance
while God fipeaks to them; 21 — 25.
IN the third month, when the children
of Ifrael were gone forth out of the
land of Egypt, the fame day came they
into the wildernefs of Sinai.
2 For they were a departed from ¦£:#&£?.»
Rephidim, and were come to the defert
of Sinai, and had pitched in the wilder
nefs ; and there Ifrael camped before the
mount. 3 % And b Mofes went up unto God, hf!£'?\l!fu
and the Lord called unto him out of the Ter'9'
mountain, faying, c Thus flialt thou fay cE?ek-3^7- Ma'-
J J <-> 7 J 20, ID. Col. 2. 'iS,
to the houfe of Jacob, and tell the chil- ^¦iTim-"-2»
dren of Ifrael ;
4 d Ye have feen what I did unto the i-& &"%?•*.
• 63. 9. .Rev. 12. 14.

joint prayer and praife ; it is both pleafing and inftrudlive. Thofe
in office fhould always execute the fame with fidelity and conde-
fcenfion, even to fuch as have deferved their difregard ; and prefer
public bufinefs to private civilities. But how profitable is wifdom
to direct in every thing, that we may not overdo even in well
doing ! Good counfel is helpful even to the wifeft, and proper
affiftance to the ableft, in office ; and it will be readily embraced
by fuch as are wife and prudent. With great care and confeience
fhould perfons be chofen to offices of government either in church
or ftate, that none may be admitted but fuch as are able men, men
of truth, fearing God and hating covetoufnefs. And dreadful is
their guilt who help or hold in ignorant and profane perfons, to the
difhonour of God and the hurt of his people.

and xxiv. 3, 12, 13, 15, iS. and xxxii. 7, 15, 30. and xxxiii. 6, 7, zi. and xxxiv. z,
29> 34-
Ver. 4. This fpeech was to prepare them- to receive God's covenant, now to be
propofed unto them. A like ofle is ufed at the renovation of the covenant; Deut.
xxix. -i — To be lent en casks' ivings is to be borne above all difficulties, and in fpitc
of all opposition.

The Ifraelites frefari to tmet God.

brought

E X O
bare you on
you c unto

D V S.

God's appearance on Sinat\

..-.rochri* Egyptians, and how I
^..ernei^s eagles' WUlgS, Tllld
I '» & p^ myfelf. <; Now f therefore, if ye will obey mv
voice indeed, and keep my covenant,
then ye fhall be a s peculiar trealure unto
me above all people : for h all the earth
is mine :
6 And ye fhall be unto me a l king
dom of priefts, and an holy nation. Thefe
cv:e the words which thou fhalt fpeak
unto the children of Ifrael.
7 ^[ And Moles came and called for
the k elders of the people, and laid before
their faces all thefe words which the
Lord commanded him.
8 And l all the people anfwered toge-

fDcu: t.i.&:5.9-
ec id. i— I,-. Lev.
to. 1-14.ll.119.
gDcv.:. 4. 10. & -.6.
.S: 10. 14,15 .V 14-
2. ..Y26. rt. .Y !1.
9. kr. [?. 16. If.
UH-Shl 3.17.
Iltin.S. (;.I1.4I.
S, 9. & 44, 1.
llCh. 9.29- Dan. 4.
¦ 35- R'

3 -3i
15, 16.

,o:a. 9,
PI 24.1

3 iPet. 2. 5,9, Ro:u.
11. 1. Rev. r.6- £:
5.13. & 20 6. Tit.
2. 14. If. 61. 6. &
c-^. 11. Sc 62. 11.
Heb.. 3. 1.
kCh.3 16. &17. 5.

1 Ch. ^4. ;, -. Dent.
5.27.0c 16.17. cii.

^Itwfl^. ther, and faid, All that the Lord hath
*-SI ' fpoken we will do. And Mofes returned
the words of the people unto the Lord.
9 And the Lord faid unto Mofes, Lo,
^chr'e.'.:8' I come unto thee in ma thick cloud, that
i-'j-lif1 or' the people may hear when I fpeak with
* ^"wto&y thee, and believe thee + for ever. And
Mofes told the words of the people unto
the Lord.
10 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Go unto the people, and n fanclify them
to-day and to-morrow, and let them
wafh their clothes,
1 1 And be ready againft the third
'"-"'Nunf i^'ri," day '• f°r the ° third day the Lord will
Ife&IEJ: Pcome down in- the fight of all the people
upon mount Sinai.
12 And thou fhalt q fet bounds unto
the people round about, faying, Take
heed to yourfelves, that ye go not up into
the mount, or touch the border of it :
whofoever toucheth the mount fhall be
furely put to death :

live

ajofh.3.5. &7.I3
Job I. 5. ver. 15
Gen. 35. 2. Lev
li. 45. & 15.5-
2 Cor. 7. I. Heb.
IO.20— 22. Ter.15

pCh. 34.5.05111.33.
2. ver. 9, 16, 10.
4 Ver. 21. Jolh. ;. s.
Heb. 12.18,20,22,

Before Chrift
1491.

5 Op *,---• .-J,
lTbci. 4.1S,

13 There fhall not an r hand touch it,
but he fhall furely be ftoned or fhot Th*. ii. .$, »o,
through ; whether // be beaft or man,
jt ihall not live : when the s trumpet
foundeth long they fhall come up to the
mount. 14 ^[ And Mofes went down from the
mount unto thc people, and landtilied
the people ; and they wafhed their
clothes.

Be

15 And he faid unto the people,
ready againft the third day : u come
at your wives.
1 6 5F And it came to pafs, on the third
dav in the morning, that there x were
thick

t Ver. 10. II. A«,>»
4. ta. Wat. 14. 44.
IlOt "I Cor. 7. 5. 1 Sim.
21.4,5. -eeh.7. J.

and

Pf. 50.5. &o-. :.
2 Cor. 3. IJ, ib'.&
4. 6. Heb. 11. iS,
IO,ai. ver. io\ io.
ch. l.% iS, 10. &

111
thunders and lightnings,
clotid upon the mbunt, and the voice of
the trumpet exceeding loud ; fo that
all the people that was in the camp trem
bled. 1 7 And Mofes brought forth the people
out ofthe camp y to meet with God ; and
thev ftood at the nether part of the
mount. 18 And mount Sinai was altogether
s on a fmoke, becaufe tb^e Lord de
fcended upon it in fire : and the fmoke
thereof afcended as the fmoke of a
furnace, and the whole mount a quaked !
oreatlv. 19 And when the voice of the trumpet
founded long, and waxed louder and
louder, b Moles fpake, and God anfwered '
him by a voice.
20 And the Lord came down upon
mount Sinai, on the top of the mount :
and the Lord called Mofes up to the top
of the mount; and Mofes went up.
21 And the Lord laid unto Mofes,.
Go down, + charge the people, left they *H«<>- «»'«••

Ch. 3.4,6. As*.
21. & 14. IS. *
'9-3 •S.H-'fcW-
Deul. 5. 5. Gil. 3,
19. with I Pet. 5.

: Deut. 4. 11. 8c %r,
a. ch. 40. 34,35.
Judg. 5. 5. Hab. 1.
3. iChmn.5. 14.
if. 6. 4. Rev. 15. *.
Heb. ii. 18, 19.
1 Hab. 3. ir. PC 6b,
;. &6S.S. &KM.
3a. 8z 114. 4,6. &
1S.7.

1 Heb. IS. M. Kch.
9. I J. M.T. 0> Pf.
f 1.-. Num. 11. K.
Pout. 5. 4, 5, 17-
Acts 7, Jii. Ges,
lS. 17.

Ver. 6. They were priefts, feparated to God's worfhip and fervice, and warranted
to come near unto his prefence. They were an hay iimuk by profeflion, covenant,
and feparatioivto God's fervice.
Ver. 8. This they promifed too raihly, not confidering the extent, fpirituality,
and ftrittnefs, of the holy law, or their cwn weaknefs ; and hence, when the law wis
publiihed, they fled away for tenor.
Ver. 8, 9. Mofes, being a typical mediator between God and the people, reported
the words of th« one to the other.
Ver. 10, 12. They were to prepare thcmfelvee by itrtvarJ.'y laying afide carnal af-
feflions and worldly cares, end by kcepi kj: their hearts in an holy frame; and out-
•tvardly by walliing their clothes. The defign of tlii;; was to render them fcnliblc of
'their vilenefs and weaknefs, and their need of a medi itor ; Gal. iii. 19.
Ver. 13. By the miniftration of angels a trumpet, in the manner of thunder, was
founded in the air; and, whenever it gave a long-continued found, the Mebr-.-ws were
(0 approach as neat to the mount as they durft, ia order to heir the l>.w proclaiawd.

Ver. 15, All carnal cares and afredlions were to be laid afide, that their mind*
might be wholly intent on hearing the law.
Ver. 16. The th inders, lightnings, fire, and fmoke, were intended to awaken
their attention in hearing the law, to promote their careful obfervance of it, and to
manifeft how dangerous it was to be under it as a covenant.. — The thick c!oud figni
fied the invifible, awful, and incomprehcnlible, nature of God, and the obfcurity of
die legal Jifpcnfation of the covenant of grace.
Ver. iS. God's i.'i/iv»r meant his manifefting'the figns of his glorious prefence.
Ver. 19. God anfwercJ, Mofes by * voice diftinit, plain, and audible, which all
die people might hear.
Ver. 21, 13. Vain curiofity is forbidden, that wc may learn to live by faith, and-
not bv light, and to be humble. Their dulnefs and hardnefs of heart made repeated
".linings m'ccll'ary ; and they were commanded to hold the very mountain facred, be
caufe of God's prefence. This might alfo fignify that the law rather excludes men
from God, on accourtt of their iins, than juftifies or gives them life.

Charges at Sinai.

CHAP. XX.

The ten commandments.

c break through unto the Lord to gaze

Before Chrift
I49I. ~iv.u«. w.»»w~&
¦^Eeei 5 1 Heb. ii. and many of them perifh
&9:ttc,.!iU: 22 And let the d
6. 16. Deut. 1929.
Pi. 89. 7.
i Ch. 24. 5. Lev.
10.3.

t V»r« 12, «.

22 And let tne " priefts alfo, who
come near to the Lord, fanctify them
felves, left the Lord break forth upon
them. 23 And Mofes faid unto the Lord,
The people cannot come up to mount
Sinai : for thou charged!! us, faying, e Set
bounds about the mount, and fanctify
it. 24 And the Lord faid unto him, Away,
get thee down, and thou fhalt come up,
* ai.'A'.'&hMal: thou and Aaron with thee : but f let not
l6:HebLi2Eil^. the priefts and the people break through
za. fee ver. 21. 1 11 O
to come up unto the Lord, left he break
forth upon them.
25 g So Mofes went down unto the
people, and fpake unto them.

24. fee ver. 21.

j Dent. 12. 32. Mat.
28. 20. 1 Tim. 4.
16. Col. 1. 28, 29.
a rim. 4. 1.

CHAP.

XX.

Contains, (i) God's public fermon to all the Ifraelites;
.including a folemn and gracious grant of himfelf to
be their God, and an extenfive law of ten command
ments, diretling and obliging them to accept this grant,
and regularly to improve it in the performance of
every duty towards God and man ; I — 17. (2) The
beginning of his private difcourfe to Mofes, whom the
terrified ifraelites had requefted to be as an inter-mef-
fenger or mediator between God and them. In ii
idols were difcharged : the e'redion of altars of earth
and ftone is regulated, together with a gracious pro
mifle of God' s fpecial prefence in his own ordinances ;
1 8 — 26.

0 Detfr. 5. ll. Afl»
7. 3*. S3-

kDcut.5.6. Pf -Sr.
10. 8c 50. 7. Jer.
31. 33. & 30 22.
''.('< 11. 13, 9, Gen.
17. 7. Ro.n. 3.29.
Isa'AC 74. 75. Pi.
119. 32. & 1 16. 16,

AND God
faying,

fpake all thefe words,

2
have Egypt .

am the Lord thy God, who
brought thee out of the land of

I

out ofthe houfe

of bondage.

3 f « Thou flialt have no- other gods
before me.
4 d Thou fhalt not make unto thee any
graven image, or any likenefs of any thing
that is in heaven above, or that is in thc
earth beneath, or that is in the water
under the earth :
5 Thou fhalt not bow down thyfelf to
them, nor ferve them : for I the Lord
thy God am e a jealous God, f vifiting the
iniquity of the fathers upon the children
unto th^, third and fourth generation of
them that hate me ;
6 And £ fhewing mercy unto thoufands
of them that love me and keep my com
mandments. 7 h Thou fhalt not take the name of
the Lord thy God in vain ; for the Lord
will not hold him guiltlefs that taketh his
name in vain.
8 ' Remember the fabbath-day, to keep
it holy. 9 Six days fhalt thou labour, and do
all thy woik ;
10 But the feventh day is the fabbath
of the Lord thy God : in it thou fhalt
not do any work, thou, nor thy fon, nor
thy daughter, thy man-fervant, nor thy
maid-fervant, nor thy cattle, nor thy
ftranger that is within thy gates :
1 1 For k in fix days the Lord made
heaven and earth, the fea, and all that in
them is, and refted the feventh day ;
wherefore the Lord blefled the fabbath-
day, and hallowed it.
12 ^[ * Honour thy father and thy
mother ; that thy days may be long upon

Bcrove Chril..
149 1 
c pf.si. „ i;-ih-.s.
21. I Car. l* .,. 5.
iChr. 28 9 Deut.
26. I">. U. ^3. 10.
Jer. i, 42. i'f. 95.
6, 7. Mi . 4. 10.
Pi. .9 2. Ivui. 1.
16. p. ,3.6. C--7I.
19. Eccl. ¦:,. t, Pf.
35 10. ch. 15 t„
Mal. 16 I;- 45.
23. Jofh. 24. 15 —
24. Deut. 6. 5. Pli
7,. 25. 1. 26.8.
& 8. 13. ch. 14.
31. 1.. 26. 4. trt.
I3O.7 CV37.4.&
17. 'I. l-nil. i, „
6. Nun. 5. 11.
Jer. 7. 2;. Jam. ^.7.
dLev. -6.'. Pi 97.
7. .Vis 17 zy.
it'-m t. 2.., 21.
D .ur. 4.15. 2t.hr
25.14. *Kjn.ii. b.
e Ch. 34 14. Deut.
6. 15. Jolh. 24. 19.
Nah. r. c. I . ,;*„
II. linu. -,z it).
f Ch. 34. 7. Num. 14
ib\ tj. 1 barn, si
3. * Kin. 21. j ,;.
Job 5. 3. 4. 6V Ii.
19. I:. 14. 20, 21,
8c 65. 6, 7. Jer. 2.
9. 8c 32. 18. Mar.
a3- 34,35- Lev. ia.
5. & 20. 39, 40.
Pf. 79. 8. %
13, 14.
g Deut. 4. 19. 8c ;..
29. Pf. 89. 34. &
103. 17.
h Lev. 19. it. Deut.
5. n. Mat. 5. 33.
Jam. 5. 12. Pf. 15.
4. Je.4. 2. Deufc
6, 13. Acts 17. 23.
Maf. r. 6, 7, 12. &
3, 14. 1 Sam. 4. j
— 5.Jer.7.4, 9,10,
14, 2 Km. 18. go,
35. Pf. 50. 16, 17.
i Deut. 5. 12. ch>23*
12, 14. & 31. 14,
15. & 34.21. &35.
2,3. Lev. 23.3,7.
Num. 28. 18. &
15. 32^ — 36. If. 58.
13. Jer. 17. 21-.
27. Ezek. 20. 12.
Luke 13. 14.
k Ch. 31. 17. Gen.

Dent. 5. 16. Maf.
15. 4. Eph. 6.1 — 3.
Deut. 27. 16. Lev.
19. 3, 32. Rom.13.
5. 9. 1 Kin. 2. 19.
Prov. 6. 20. IVfarta
7. 10—13. & 10.
19. I Tim. 5. 4.
Gen. 9. 21, 22.
2 Kin. 5. 13. 8c l.
iz. 8c ft. 14, Gal.
4. 19. li. 49. 23.
iTim, 5.1,%. Gen.
14. 20— zz. 8c 45.
8. a Chr. 4. 16.
1 Cor. 11. 1. Heb.
13.7. I Kin. 8. 25.
Jer. 35. 6—19.

109.

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — Infinitely gracious and un-
defen ed are the favours of God to men. But peculiarly kind his
care of hi.s people, and great the honour' he -beftows upon them.
His condefcenfion is moft aftonifhing in admitting them into co-
Tenant with himf.Jf ; his requirements moft reafonable ; and furely
his difthiijuifhing kindnefs ought to promote our cheerful obedi
ence. But how apt are men to be hafty in promifing obedience,
~and backward in performing it ! Serious preparation for folemn in-
tercourfe with God is neceflary and becoming ; and a careful re-

fpe<£r to every difpofition and deportment of body, foul, and fpirit.
Never, O my foul, prefuniptuoufly intrude into thofe fecrets over
which God hath caft a veil 1 Never hazard thy life, by pufhing
over the bounds which he hath fet for thy good. Let me have
nothing to do with his fiery law, but as it is fulfilled by Chrift as a
covenant, and iffued forth by him as a rule. Let me always ap
proach unto his prefence with reverence and godly fear : and'ne-
ver let vain curiofity, but humble faith and holy love, attend me in
all my concerns with him.

Ver. 22. Some think thefe priefts were the firft-born; but there is no evidence
that birthright inverted with any fuch office : they were perfons, probably the moll
excellent, chofen by Mofes for offering facrificesj till God ihould affign that work to
Aaron and his fons.
# Chaf.XIX, Ver. 1— 17. Concerning this law it is evident, (1) That it was
immediately publiihed by God himfelf, in. thc hearing of all Ifrael. (2) That every
tommand is delivered in the lingular ¦number,. that every one may take it home tu

himfelf: (3) and to mark that God's grant of himfelf to men, as their God and Re
deemer, is the foundation of all gofpel-obedience : it is frequently repeated, ver. 25,
7, 10, 12 : and in Lev. xviii. xix. it is connected with almoft every particular com
mand. The rules for the right underftanding of thefe commandments, and the par
ticular duties required, and fins forbidden in each, being fo i"ull\ exhibited in the A"f-
fembly's Larger and Shorter Catechifms, with the various ey-pofitions thereof, it is
fufficient to refer to thefe. a*

The awful appearance alarms the Ifraelites.

E X O BUS.

Ceremonial laws of altar y-

Before Chrift
149 1

m Mat. 5. 21, 22.
1 John 3.15. Eph.
4. 31,32. Rom. 12.
.15. Sc 13.9. Mat.
19. 18. Jam. 2. II.
Rev. 13. 10.
nEph. 5.3.C01. 3. 5.
iThef.4. 3,4. Job
31. 1. Mat. 5. 27,
28. 2 Pet. 2. 14. II.
3. 16. Prov. 5. 8.
I Tim. 2.-9, 10.
iPet. 2. II.
c iThef. 4. 6. Eph.
4. 28. Rom. 13. 7,
H, 9. Mat. 7. 12.
Phil. 4. 8. Mic. 6.
8. Pi. 15. 2—5-
p Lev. 5.1. Deut. 5.
20. 8c 19. s6. Mat.
19. 18. Prov. 19.
5,9-
q Rom. 7. 7. Deut.
5. 21. A£ts 20.33.
Heb. 13.5. Coi. 3.
5. 1 Cor. 5. II. &
6. 10. Job 31.9.
r Heb. 12. 18, 19. ch.
19. 16, 18. Rev. 1.
12, 10, 15, 17.

• Dent. 5. 23— 48. &
18. 16. ch. 19. 16.
19. Gal. 3. 19, 20.

t Gen. 15. 1.
« Gen. 22. 1, ch. 15.
25. Deut. 8. 2. &
13.2.
xMat. 10.28. Gal.3.
19. Gen. 20. 11.
7 Ch. 19. 16. Heb.
13. 18. iKin. 8.12.
Dim. 5. 5.

! Dent. 4. 36. Neh.
9.13.

the land which the Lord thy God giveth
thee. m Thou fhalt not kill.
n Thou fhalt not commit adul-

14
tery, J5 16

Thou fhalt not fteaL
Thou fhalt not bear falfe witnefs
againft thy neighbour.
1 7 1 Thou fhalt not covet thy neigh
bour's houfe, thou fhalt not covet thy
neighbour's wife, nor his man-fervant,
nor his maid-fervant, nor his^ox, nor
his afs, nor any thing that is thy neigh
bour's. 1 8 % r And all the people faw the
thunderings, and the lightnings, and the
noife of the trumpet, and the mountain
fmoking : and when the people faw // they
removed, and ftood afar off.
19 And they faid unto Mofes, s Speak
thou with us, and we will hear: but
let not God fpeak with us, left we
die. 20 And Mofes faid unto the people,
* Fear not : for God is come to u prove
you, and that his x fear maybe before
your faces, that ye fin not.
21 And the ? people ftood afar off, and
Mofes drew near unto the thick darknefs
where God was.'
22 5F And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Thus thou fhalt fay unto the children of
Ifrael, Ye have feen that I have z talked
with you from heaven.

23 a Ye fhall not make with me gods
of filver, neither fhall ye make unto you
gods of gold.
24 f" An b altar of earth thou fhalt make
unto me, and fhalt facrifice thereon thy
burnt-offerings, and thy peace-offerings,
thy fheep,- and thine oxen: in all places
where I c record my name I will come
unto, thee, and I will d blefs thee..
25 And, eif thou wilt make me an
altar of ftone, thou fhalt not build it of
hewn ftone ; for if thou lift up. f thy tool
upon it thou haft polluted //..
2§ Neither fhalt thou go. up by fteps
unto mine altar, that s thy nakednefs be
not difcovered thereon..

Before Chrift
1491.
a Ver. 3—5. 2 Sam.
5. 21. 2Kin. 17.33.
Ezek. 23. 17, io,
39. & 43. 8. Zeph..
1. 4, 5, 2 Cor. 6.
14^-16.
b IT. 4.2. Jer. 31,22.
Rom. 8. 3. Sc a. 5, '
Heb.1,.14, *S'*

c Deut. 12. 5, u,
1 Kin. 8. 29. Mat.,
18. 29. Rom, 15.
8—19. .
d Pf. 134. 3. & ,-..
13. 8c 72.17. Epi.
I. 3. 2 bam. 6. 12,
e Deut. 27. 5, Jolh,.

8.31.
flCor. 1. 17.&1.4,
5, 13,14. Dem.12.
32. Rev. 22.18,10,

g Eccl. 5. 1. iThef..
5. 22. Heb. 10.22.
&12.28.

C H A P. XXI.
Contains an explicatory appendix to the fifth and fixth ¦
commandments, recorded in the preceding chapter*.
Here we have judicial laws, ( I ) Regulating the re
leafe or retenfion of Hebrew bond-fervants ; I— u.
(,2) Laws regulating the punifhment of murderers \
12 — 14; of f miters and curfiers of parents ;¦ 15, 17-;-
of men-ftealers, 1.6; of ftrikers of neighbours ; 18,
19,24,25; of unmerciful ftrikers of fervants; 10,
21, 26, 27 ; of fuch as hurt women with child; 21,
23 ; of pufihing oxen,, and. mafters who wilfully keep
them; 28 — 32 ; of fuch as endanger others, by leav
ing pits open,[or keeping oxen addicled to fighting ;
33— 36-
NOW thefe are- the judgments which
thou fhalt afet before them- »«..**. j^-ira
2 b If thou buy an Hebrew fervant, fix m**. ^.^ 40.
years he fhall ferve ; and in the feventh 3*14. !^Vs"

c.'Ver. 11. Deut. is*
13 — 15, T&i Lev.
2 If he came in by himfelf, he fhall $;^&sR7'&*

he fhall go but c free for nothing

Reflections upon Chap. XX.— Now, my foul, let my re
ligious principles, and my whole practice, follow the order of- this
divine fermon. Let the leading articles of my knowledge and be
lief be, that God, as in Chrift, giveth himfelf to me, in the gofpel-
promife, for my God, my Redeemer, and my all in all: and let
my leading exercife be to receive him as fuch. Let his being
Jehovah, my God and Redeemer, be the foundation, the. great
reafon and motive, pf all that I do. Influenced by this, let me re
nounce and deteft every idol which robs him of his honour, or me
of my enjoyment of him. Let me embrace every infh'tuted ordi
nance as .coming from my God, and obferve it in the neareft fel-
lowihip with him. Having received Jehovah as my God, let
me have- grace from him to ferve him with reverence and godly
fear. Copying after his pattern, and defiring the enjoyment of
him as my chief good, let me obferve the appointed feafons of in-

tercourfe with him. Let me regard relations and property among
men as the constitutions of my God : and, in all my dealings with.
them, let me aft as a poffeffor of God, that needs nothing in an
unlawful manner, and as a cordial imitator of God, who is gracious
and merciful, long-fuffering,. and abundant in hoiinefs, righteouf
nefs, goodnefs, and truth.. But, having tafted the terrors:'of a bro
ken law, and an angry God, let me rejoice that, without my re-
queft, I- have one Mediator between God and me, the Man Chrift
Jefus. Detefting every fpecies of falfe worfhip,let me rejoice that
Jefus, the fruit of the earth, Jefus, the chofen ftone, is my all-
fancrifying altar," on which I muft prefent all my fervices before
God ; and my unfailing fecurity for the prefence of God in orf
dinances : and God forbid that I fhould difgrace him with any
light, licentious, or injurious behaviour !

Ver. 20. Let not flavifli fear make you to neglecl your duty, for God is come to
\ We whether you be fincere or hypocritical.
Ver. 24, 25. Thefe altars of turf and ftone were only to be ufed for the prefent,
before that of brafs was made, or on extraordinary occafion*; and were always to be
jnc-it fiiripk -md unlike to thofe of the heathens.

Chap. XXI. Ver. 2. (1) An Hebrew might fell himfelf or his children in ex
treme poverty; Deut. xv. 12. Lev. xxv. 39. Neh. v. 5. (2) Magiftrates might
fell a perfon for theft; ch. xxii. 3. (3) He might be fold by his creditors for debt;
2 Kings iv. 1. Mat. xviii. 25. To fuch bond-fervants mafters often gave heathen
maid-naves, as a kind of wives or concubines, to beget other jlaves.

Laws concerning fervants,. Sec,

C H A P. XXI. Laws of punifhment, retaliation, &'c.

Before Chrifl
149 1.

ll Heathen, Uv. 25. 44.

go out. by himfelf : if he were married,
then his wife fhall go- out with him.
4 If his mafter have given him d a wife,
and fhe have born him fons or daugh
ters ; the wife and her children fhall be
her mafter's, and he fhall go out by
himfelf. . 5. And if e the fervant fhall plainly fay,
I love my mafter, my wife, and my chil
dren ; I will not go out free :
6 Then his, mafter fhall bring him
fch-^^Deut. unto f the judges ; he fhall alfo bring him
to the door, or unto the door-poft ; and
* St&wlih1* his mafter fhall E bore his ear through
with ah awl ; and he fhall ferve him 1l for

I Dent. 15. 16, 17.
Gal. 2, 20. Eph. 5.
» Rev. 1. 5,6.

' 4c. 6—8. with
Heb. 10. s— 7.
k Till the jubilee, or
the mafter'sdeath,
Lev.25.40— 46,55.
iNeh.5. 5. Lev. 25.
39-
Je Ver. 2, 3.

ever.

7 % And if a man * fell his daughter to
be a maid- fervant, fhe fhall k not go out
as the men-fervaats do...
**tf,'£c?!i'''i' 8 + If fhe pleafe not her mafter, who
hath betrothed her to himfelf, then fhall
he let . her be redeemed : to fell her
unto a ftrange nation he fhall have no
power, feeing he hath dealt deceitfully
with her..
9 And if he have betrothed her "unto
. his fon, he fhall deal with her after the
1 manner of daughters.
10 If he take him another wife ; her
food, her raiment, and her m duty of
marriage, fhall he not diminifh.
1 1 And if he do not thefe three unto
her, then fhall fhe go out n free without
money. 1 2 ^[ He that ° fmiteth a man, fo that
he die, fhall be furely put to death.
1 3 And if a man he not in wait, but
God + deliver him into his hand ; then
p I will appoint thee a place whither he
fhall flee.
14 But if a man come ^prefumptuoully
upon his neighbour, to flay him with
guile; thou fhalt take him from, mine
altar, that he may die.
15% And he that r fmiteth his father,
or his mother, fhall be furely put to
death. 1 6 % And he that s ftealeth a man, and
felleth him, or if he be found in his hand,
he fhall. furely be put to death.

JCh.22.i6,i7- Deut,
22. 24, 25, 28, 29.
& 19. 30, 31.
» 1 Cor. 7, 3, j.

11 See ver. 2. If. 52.3

e Wilfully, ver. 14,
20, 23. Gen. 9. 6,
Lev. 24. 17,19,21,
32, 33. Num. 35.
. 15— 21,31,31, 35-
Rev. 13. 10. Dent.
19. II— 13. Mat.
a£. 52. Rev. 13.10,
f By fome fpecial
providence.
p Num. 35. 25—28.
Deut. 19. 5—14.
&4> 41— 43. Jolh.
xx.
^Num.15. 30. Deut.
19, 13. I Kin. 1.
50, & 2. 28—34.
aKin. 11. 15. Heb.
10.26 — 31. Pf. 19.
13-
r Deut. 21. 18— 11.
Prov. 30. 17.

1. Deut. 24. 7. Gen.
¦ 37- »8. iTim.i.ie.

Before Chrift
149'-
t Lev. 20. 9. Prov.
20 20. Mat. 154.
Mark 7. 10. Dcub
27. 16.

, rsvihth.

1 7 <([ And 'he that * curfeth his father
or his mother fhall furely be put to
death. 18 % And if men ftrive together, and t0r,
one fmite another with a ftone, or with
his rift, and he die not, but keepeth his
bed: 19 If he rife again, and walk abroad
u upon his ftaff, then fhall 'he that fmote
him be acquitted ; only he fliall pay for
K the lofs of his time,, and fhall caufe him xuh.''7i!if'&
to be thoroughly healed.. &?: lo^Vio1
20 % And if a man fmite his ^ fervant y "ave, v«. «.
or his maid with a rod, and he die
under his hand ; he fliall be furely H pu
nifhed. 2 1 Notwithftanding, if he continue a
day or two, he fhalL not. be punifhed * ;
for he is his money..
22 ^f If men ftrive, and hurt a wo
man with child* fo that her fruit depart
from her, and yet no mifchief follow z ;-
he fhall be furely punifhed, according
as the woman's hufband will, lay upon
him ; and he fhall pay as the judges det
ermine*. 23. And if any mifchief follow, then*
thou flialt give life for life,

u 2 Sam. 3. 2a.
Zech. 8. 4.

H Heb. avenged,.

With death, as ha
iofes his Have,
whom he did not
intend to kill.

z To her own fcody^.
ver. 23.,

24 + Eye a for eye, tooth for tooth,

for

f Perhaps this lair
of retaliation toofc
place only when
the injured party-
could not other-
wife be i'atisricd.
a Lev. 24. 19, 20.
Deut, 19. 19. 21.
26 f And b if a man fmite the eye of H'JI^
his fervant, or the eye of his maid, that
he fhall let him go free for his

hand for hand,, foot for foot,.
25 Burning for burning, wound
wound, ftripe for ftripe.

it perifh ;
eye's fake.
27 And if he fmite out his man-fer-
vant's tooth, or his maid-fervant's tooth ;
he fhall let him go free for his tooth's
fake. 28 ^[ If an ox gore a man or a woman,
that they die ; then r the ox fliall
furely ftoned, and his flefh fhall not be
eaten ; but the owner of the ox fhall be
acquitted. 29 But if the ox were wont to pufh
with his horn in time paft, and it hath
heen teftified to his owner, and he hath
not kept him in, but that he hath killed
a man or a woman ; d the ox fhall be

i'rov. 22. 23. If.
33. 1. zThef. 1. 6.
Rev. 13. 10, 8c
16.6.
bPf. 72.12—14. Csl.
4.1. Eph. 69. ver.
1, II. Deut. 23.
15. & 21.14. P&
82. 3,4.

"-"- 6. & 139. 19.

i Gen 9 5, 6. fet
vti. 11,14.

Laws of repairing injuries. -EXODUS.
ftoned, and his owner alfo fhall be put
to death. If there be laid on him a fum

Laws concerning theft, Sec,

Before Chi in
1491.

e He-e the mafter o q
jSi of "money, then he fhall give for the
mub.3s.ji. ;ranjrom Q£ hjs life whatfoever is laid upon
him. 31 Whether he have gored a fon, or
•have gored a daughter, according to this
judgment fhall it be done unto him.
32 If the ox fhall pufh a man-fervant,
or maid-fervant ; he fhall give unto their
'tpS?" mafter f thirty fhekels of filver, and the

ilave, Zech.
12, 13. Mar. 26.
If. Phil. 4,-7.

J Mat. 7. Tl. Rom.
13. 8. Phil. 4. 8.

-Scut, 16, 19.

1; Ke (half bear the fj ,.„.,,
whole lofs, as he " OWI1.

ox fliall be ftoned
22 % And if a man fhall open a pit, or
if a man fliall dig a pit, and not cover it,
and an ox or an afs fall therein ;
34 The owner of the pit s fhall make
it good, and give money unto the owner
-of them ; and the dead beaft fhall be his.
25 % And if one man's ox hurt an
other's that he die, then they fhall fell
the live ox, and divide the money of it ;
and the dead ox alfo they fhall divide.
36 Or if it be known that the ox hath
Aifed to pufh in. time paft, and his owner
hath not kept him in ; he fhall furely
pay ox for ox ; and the dead fhall be his

had wilfully kept
4fce p -lining ox.

CHAP. XXII.
Contains, ( 1 ) Laws relating to the eighth command
ment, regulating the punifhment of theft ; I— 4 ;
grazing in other men's vineyards' or fields ; 5 ; wilful
¦er carelefs raifing of fire; 6; lofing or hurting of
things intrufed; 7 — 13; or borrowed; 14, 15.
(2) Laws conneiled with the feventh command, for
¦the punifhment of fornication and befiiality ; 1 6, 1 7,
19. (3) Laws akin to the fifth command, as of
kindnfs to f rangers, widows, and fatherlefs ; 21 —
24 ; of lending money to the poor, and taking pledges
jfrom them; 25 — 27 ; and of reverent fpeaking con
cerning rulers ; 28. (4) Laws akin to the firft and
fecond commands, viz. of punifhlng witchcraft and
forbidding idolatry ; undue delay of offering the firft-
frttits, and eating flefh of animals torn by beafts; 20,
29— 31-.

IF a man * fhall ileal an b ox, or a-
+ fheep, and kill it, or fell it ; he
fhall reftore five oxen for an ox, and four
fheep for a fheep.
2 If a thief be c found breaking up,
and be fmitten that he die, there fhall no
blood he fhe d for him.
3 d 'If the fun be rifen upon him, there
fhall be h\oo&Jhed for him ; for he fhould
make full reftitution : if he have nothing,
then he fhall be e fold for his theft.
4 If the +¦ theft be certainly found in
his hand alive, whether it be ox, or afs,
or fheep ; he fhall reftore f double.
5 % If a man fhall caufe a field or vine
yard to be eaten, and fhall put in his
beaft, and fhall feed in another man's
field ; of the beft of his own field, and of
the beft of his own vineyard, fhall he
make reftitution.
6 % If fire break out, and catch in
thorns, fo that' the ftacks of corn, or the
ftanding corn, or the field, be confumed
therewith ; he that kindled the fire fhall
furely make reftitution.
7 <([ If a man fliall deliver unto his
neighbour money or fluff to keep, and it
be ftolen out of the man's houfe ; if the
thief be found, let him pay double.
8 If the thief be not found, then the
mafter ofthe houfe fhall be brought unto
the s judges, to fee whether he have put
his hand unto his neighbour's goods.
9 For all manner of trefpafs, whether
it be for ox,
ment, or for
which another challengeth to be his ; the
h caufe of both parties fhall come before
the judges; and whom the judges fliall
condemn, he fhall pay double unto his
neighbour. 10 If a man deliver unto his neighbour o

Before Chrift
M-91-
a Ver. 2 — 15. Lev.
5. 16. & 6. 5. &
22 14. Wum. 5. 7,
2Satn.ife,6.Frov.6.31. Luke 19. 8.
b As the oxen were
moft uferal in la.
bour, the reftitu.
tion was larger.
But when the ani.
mals were found.
andfo,the lofs
fmall , the refti
tution was -bet '
double, ver. 4,
t Or, goat.
c Mat. 24. 4;. Num.
35.11,27.
d Gen. 9. 6. fee ck.
21. li, 14, 26, 2J,
Num. 35. 30.
e Ch. 21. 2. Mat. ii,
t Thing ftolen.
f Ver. 9. Pf. 70, is,
or, levenfold,
Prov. 6. 31.

g Heb. gods, ch. 21*
6. ver. 28. Pf.8»,
I, Deut. 16. li

fer afs, for fheep, for rai-
any manner of loft thing,

h2Chr.-19.10. DenL
25. 1. ver. 8, 4.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — How juft, gracious, and
Condefcendina;, muft God, the giver of thefe laws, be ! How mind
ful of the welfare of mankind ! How profitable to be his volun
tary fervants ! His providence extends even to that which ap-
peAr- accidental ; and he exercifes the moil exact care to preferve
the innocent, and at the fame time punifh the guilty. Let me
therefore take heed that neither I, nor what pertains to me, prove
hurtful to my neighbour, or to his property! Suppofe no laws of
men can puiufli me, the vengeance of God can overtake me. Let

rae rather, as an ele£t veffel, put on bowels of mercy and long-
fuffering ; put on charity, which is the bond of perfe&nefs. Mean
while, in thofe voluntary bond-fervants I may behold Jefus, the only
begotten Son of God, from love to his Father, from love to hrs
chofen people, folemnly furrendering himfelf to be his Father's
bond-fervant in our ftead, till he fhould finifh the whole obedience
and fuffering due from us ; — and to be his honorary fervant for
ever, for our good, that he might beftow upon us all his unfearch-
able bleffings in time arid eternity.

Laws of borrowing, virgins, Sec,

CHAP. XXII.

BeforeChrift afl ^ Qr an Qx^ or & fl^p^ Qr any beaft,
i" Gen. 30. 35, 36, & ' to keep ; and it die, or be hurt, or
driven away, no man feeing it:
1 1 Then fhall k an oath of the Lord be
between them both, that he hath not put
his hand unto his neighbour's goods ; and
the owner of it fhall accept thereof, and
he fhall not make it good.
1 2 And i if it be ftolen from him he
fhall make reftitution unto the owner
thereof. let
fhall

31. 39.
It Heb. 6. 16. lKin
2. 42, 43. fee Gen
14. 22.

iC-«-3!-39>

m Amos 3.12.

m Pf. 37. 21. Mat. 7.
12. Phil. 4. 8.
Rom. 13. 8. Deut.
16. T9, 20. Heb,
ii- si.

13 If it be torn in pieces, then
him bring m it for witnefs, and he
not make good that which was torn.

1 4 *f[ And if a man n borrow ought of
his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the
owner thereof being not with it, he fhall
furely make it good.
1 5 But, if the owner thereof be with
it, he fhall not make /'/ good : if it be an
Gen. hired thing, it came for his hire.
29. & ,9' x 6 ^[ ° And if a man entice a maid that
leis'/or'sfr*!' is not betrothed, and lie* with her, he
1 \™\T:-k5.\%. ^a^ furely endow her to be his wife.
1 7 If her p father utterly refufe to give

• Deut. 22. 24, 25.
23.
f Judg. 15.
21. 21. Deut. 7. 3.

10, II. I .-am. 28.
9. Witches a-e
nant°wnhnth^de- her unto him, he fhall pay q money

vil, who by his
^Ldelandmhun according to the dowry of virgins
prions or lg ir r Thou ft^ not fuffer a witch
sLev. 18.23. &2s. to live.
15, 16. Deut. 27.
tD=ut , , 6 1 *9 ^ Wnofoever s lieth with a beaft
t£Sl3; ^a11 {ure[y be putt° death-
Nnrn5'^^' -20 f 'He that facrrfioeth unto any
^tzlinKlo. god, fave unto the Lord only, he fliaR'
24, 25. & 11. 18. P 1 i n 1
»ch.23.9.Lev.,9. be utterly deftroyed;
33. Deut. 10. 19.
Zecr

Zech. 7. 10. Jer.
12.3.

21 *jTuThou fhalt neither vex a ftranger^
. : &24. nor opprefs him : for ye were ftrangers in.
?**££#» the land of Egypt.
Imn7',"7k6i 22 x' Ye fhall not afflict any widow or
l&fal'lT fatherlefs child :

Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — Behold how the righteous
Lord loveth righteoufnefs, and beholdeth the upright with a pleafant
countenance! Let therefore the grace revealed in the gofpel teach
me to deny ungpdlinefs and worldly lufts, and to live foberly, right-
eouily, and godly, in this prefent world, rendering unto God and men
their refpedtive dues. If God be my portion, all covetoufnefs, in-
juftice, and infidelity, fhould be far from my heart and hand. If God
be my pleafure, never fhould I wallow in flefhly lufts, or render others
'difgraced and miferable by my means. If God be my new-cove
nant hufband and Lord, I mould, as under the fweeteft and ftrongeft

Laws of pledges, frf -fruits, &c.
„ . , . • f j Before Chrifl
23 If thou afflicl: them in any wife, and I49I,.
they cry at all unto me, I 7 will furely y w. j***?*
hear their cry ; &?!».' 3°^'.
24 And my wrath fliall wax hot, and 15'14'
' J f -i j % Mat. 7. a- J»dg. 1.
I will kill you Math the fword; and e^^J-
z your wives" fhall be widows, and your
children fatherlefs.
25 f a If thou lend money to any of^%^l
my people that is poor by thee, thou fhalt
not be to him as an ufurer, neither fhalt
thou lay upon him ufury.
26 f" If thou b at all take thy neigh
bour's raiment to pledge, thou fhalt de
liver it unto him by that the fun goeth
down :
27 For that is his covering only, it is
his raiment for his fkin;. wherein fhall
he fleep ? and it fhall come to pafs, c when c

5.j,.2Kin.4.
Nell. 5.7,10,11.
Pro5--.-Sw-.-i,. Ezc^.
18.8,13,17.421.12. Jer. 15. 10.

b Deut. 24. 6, 10—
"V7' }c< "$' 3-
9. 8c 22. 6. Pro-/.
20. 16. & 22. 27.
Amos 2. 8. Ezek.
18. 7, 12, 16. $c
31- 15-

Mat. 5. 44—
he crieth unto me, that. I will hear; for ^ff^fjg^f*
J sun rrramrmc 23- 5-

am gracious. f ,:

2.8 ,"f d Thou fhalt not revile the e0I!'if;.Kfc-
c gods, nor curfe the ruler, of thy people. fC*-#$-ff™-*
29 .f Thou f fhalt not delay to offer J*1*1*-**-
§ the firft of thy ripe fruits, and of thy » Heb. <*,/»»»/'.
* liquors :. s the firft-born of thy fons fhalt *
thou give unto me.
20 Like wife flialt thou do with thine
~* i*ii-/i H- Y* J t Nothing undean
oXen,. and with thy fheep: + leven days »» be devoted «,
it fhall be with his dam ; on the eighth.
day thou fhalt give it me.
21 f[ And ye fliall be h holy men unto h jJ.'S.'i'^'.S."?:
Jt . 11 , n a f\ ' 7 Num. 15. 40. I;.
me : ' neither fhall ye eat any flefh that
is torn of beafts in,the field; ye fhall. caft

* Heb. tsar.
gCh. 15.2,12. &34.
19. Num. 18, 15.
Lev. 22.27. Deut.
15. 19.

it to the dogs..

62- 12. & 60. 21.
I Pet. 1. 15, 16. 8c
2. 9. Tit. 2. 12.
Mat. 5. 47, 48. .
i Lev. 22. 8. & YJ*
15, 16. Ezek. 44.
31. & 4. 14.

CHAP.

XXIII.

We have here the reft ofthe laws, divinely intimated to
Mofes on his full aficent to the mount, (i) Laws of
general obligation to all mankind; viz. Laws againft
filander, bearing falfe-witnefis, unjuft judgment, and

obligation, refift the devil, and deteft his influence. Let me there
fore honour Jehovah with due worfhip, and with the firft-fruits
of all my increafe ; and regard magiftrates as his' deputies on earth,
who are bound in the moft exaft manner to punifh crimes againft
God or men. If God be my pattern, let me prepare, of my good
nefs, for the poor. It is more blefled to give than to receive.
While I have new-covenant provifion, let my foul never live on
that which is corrupt, or can be torn from me ; but, defpifing the
bleffings of earth, (hew myfelf fully fatisfied with the rich provi-
iions of divine grace.

Chap. XXII. Ver. so. The proportion ofthe firft-fruits was between the fortieth and tenants, ani thus thcir-crop was knCX'ui-ii. Thefe firft-fruits alfo typified Jefus
hxtieth part ol the mereafe. By giving this they acknowledged themfelves the Lord's, | Chrift and his pei pie, who are i" "

: dedicated to Cod, and bring bleflings on rusakind.

Laws againft fander, falfe witmfftng, Sec. EXODUS*

Laws of facred feftivals, &r>.

Before Chrift
1491.

bribery, a common caufe thereof; I — 3, 6 — 8 ; for
kindnefs to enemies and f rangers ; 4, 5, .9 5 for obfierv-
ation of the weekly fabbath ; 12. (2) Lawsfiecu-
liar to the Jews ; viz. to obferve every feventh year
as a facred year of releafe; 10, 1 1 ; to obferve the

a fie
rrh

yearly feaft of the paffover, and its attending feaft of
unleavened bread, and of pentecoft, and of tabernacles ;
I4 — 17 ; to bring the firft-fruits to the Lord's ta
bernacle or temple ; 19; and to avoid mentioning the
names of idols ; 13; offering leaven with the flood
of facrifices, or boiling of kids or lambs in their mo
ther's milk; 18, 19. (3) Gracious promifes of
God's condutling the obedient Hebrews into Canaan ;
v 20 — 24 ; bleffing their fubftance ; 25, 26 ; putting
them into the poffeffion of the. whole country, from
whence it behoved them to extirpate the native inha
bitants and their idols; 27 — 33.
*V^z%f- HpHOU » fhalt not * raife a falfe n>
Lev. 19. 16. Prov. y . .
*s- 23- _&. port : b put not thine hand with
* or, receive. ^e wicke(j to ^g an unrighteous witnefs.'
b Aflift not, Pf. 35. ^^ o
i^^v'er.Tio: 2 Thou c fhalt not fellow a multitude
a&'o^i'i,5!^' to do evil; neither fhalt thou fpeak in
* °-:Rfi£;*™: a caufe to decline after many to wreft
^Xl-^lt' judgment :
ivi.sz'.^'&^.t. 3 Neither fhalt thou ? countenance a
sTA1?.*?* poor man in his caufe.
.DeT«.226^3.job 4 . f If thou * meet thine enemy's ox
plov.'iti^&ts. or ms a^s g°ing aftray, thou flialt furely
Ro^nAitte bring it back to him again.
i Deut. 22. 4. Gai. 5 f If thou fee the afs of him that hateth
^' thee lying under his burden, + and
ttteftTlafi'tT1 wouldeft forbear to help him, thou fhalt
ffiffiof^ furely help with him.
ptnJThi'm? 6 Thou fhalt not g wreft the judgment
tPi9.&244°7.&27: of thy poor in his caufe.
p9rovSi4n'3i'.& 7 h Keep thee far from a falfe matter ;
kiTher.5.22. job and the innocent and righteous flay
sXsl'.YcTif thou not ; for * I will not juftify the
ich. 34.7. Rom. 2. wicked.
1, 2. Prov. 17. 15. vv "-l\.v,u.»
3tDcut.16.19.Aas 8 ^T And k thou fhalt take no gift: for
24. 26. Prov. 17. N , . - D
H %c27%u- *• the' gift bhndeth t the wife, and pervert -
1 ne*. the (e,mZ. eth the words ofthe righteous.
1 ii1!'," De;^: 9 IF Alfo l thou ftia.lt not opprefs a
18, ,9. & 24. 14, Granger . for ye know the * heart of a
.*Het>.,«. ftranger, feeing ye were ftrangers in the
land of Egypt.

10 f And m fix years thou flialt fow ™Z£?
thy land, and flialt gather in the fruits m Lev. 25. 2,3, 4,14.
. J . ° Deut. 15. 9.
thereof :
1 1 But the feventh year thou fhalt let
it reft and lie ftill ; that the poor of thy
people may eat : and what they leave the
beafts of the field* fhall eat. In like
manner thou fhalt deal with thy vineyard,
and with thy § olive-yard. * 0r> •'«"-<««.
12 % n Six days thou fhalt do thy n^;£.8£°;*£
work, and on the feventh day thou fhalt &*";£%,
reft : that thine ox and thine afs may reft, \iif^f^
and the fon of thy handmaid, and the fe!™

ftranger, may be refrefhed.
12 % And in all things that I have faid
3 " , . /• n l „ 1 0 Eph-. 5- 15- Deut.
•unto you be ° circumlpect : and p make iz-*-
no mention of the name of other gods, ^"''hoi?*^ Zech. 13.2. Pf.16.
4. 1 John 5. 21.
14 f 1 Three times thou fhalt keep a q*l££S:
- 23. 5—44. 2 Chr.
S. 13.

neither let it be heard out of thy mouth..

keep the feaft of "%&}&£.%. 5— -8. Num. 28.17.
Deut. 16. 8.

feaft unto me in the year.
15 r Thou fhalt
unleavened bread : (thou fhalt eat unlea
vened bread feven days, as I commanded
thee in the time appointed of the month
Abib ; for in it thou cameft out from
Egypt : s and none fhall appear before me 'l&\t&!L
° I \ >.- aa. iSarn.6.3.
empty :)
16 And the ' feaft of harveft, the firft- ' gtt*1I:
fruits of thy labours, which thou haft r^^V&Aa.
_ J 7 2. 1. & 20. 16. ch.
fown in the field: and u the feaft of in- M-*9-
gathering, which is in the end of the
year, when ........
¦labours out -of the field.
17 Three times "in the year all x thy * fl"^?^
males fhall appear before the Lord God., H vcr'14-
1 8 ^ Thou y fhalt not offer the blood of7%jjj£$**
my facrifice with leavened bread; neither •or,/**.
fhall the fat of my * facrifice z remain
until the morning.
19 a The firft of the firft-fruits of thy ^r&ti*

u Of tabernacles,
ch. 34.22. Lev. 2j»
24 — 56- Num. 29.

when rthou haft gathered in thy ;^feft"&5:

6S. Neh. 8.15— A
Zech. 14 16.

Ch. 12. to. & i6»
19. &2Q. 34. Lev.
7. 15. Num. 9. 12.
Deut. 16- 4.

29.Deut.12-5 — 7.
land thou fhalt bring into the houfe of •""•J**"*
b Thou fhalt not b^.'P-ro^It 10. Jer. 10. 2, 3.

the Lord thy God.
feethe a kid in his mother's milk.

Chap. XXIII. Ver. i. They -were neither to invent a flander, nor to receive or
jeport it, but to difconrage and reprove every fpreaderof it.
Ver. 2. Neither the counfel nor example of multitudes in evil is to be followed ;
nor muft either parties, friends, judges, witneffes, or vulgar opinions, move us to leffen
jjreat faults, aggravate fmall ones, vindicate offenders, accufe the innocent, or mifre-
prefent any thing, to procure an unjulr. fentence.
Ver. 3, 6, 7. In judgment none muft be favoured either for their poverty or their
wealth. Ver. S. Bribes corrupt the minds of judges ; and make them, though fenfible, and
•rdinarily upright, to judge unjuitly..

Ver. 1 1 . The defign of this reft of their' land was to teach them that they and their
land were the Lord's : this year of releafe, as well as their weekly fabbaths and other
jubilees, were typical of the gofpel,. — the new covenant, — and the eternal reft.
Ver. 15, 16, The feaft of unleavened bread was in March :. the feaft of harveft,
weeks, or pentecoft, at Whitfunday : the feaft of in-gathering, or tabernacles, in
September. Ver. 17. Women were not required, but they might attend their folemn feafts if
they pleafed.
Ver. jo. This taught them to deleft cruelty, and any imitation of idolatrous ritefa.

Laws againft idolatry.

CHAP. XXIII. XXIV.

Canaan prom fed.

Berorechrift 2Q c ^r Behold, I fend an angel before
e-eh.33.2.&i4.i9. thee, to keep thee in the way, and to
i^-s'joft..1!: bring thee into the d place which I have
13,14. if.63 9— ° -, 1
*i- prepared.
*?8°john7Lt&2.,s' 21 e Beware of him, and obey his
34^11.16. ' voice; provoke him not; for he will not
'^.Vi^'."^ f pardon your tranfgreflions ; for my
10.29.&12.2S. a . 1 , . "
fNum.14.3s.Heb. snameuinhim.
':&&&£* 22 But if thou fhalt indeed h obey

E coi. 2. 9. j>hn 10. ^jg voice, and do all that I fpeak ; then
30. CiC 5" 2j^ 24. ' -*>
1 1 will be an enemy unto thine enemies,
and * an adverfary unto thine adver-

Afts 17. 31.
fc-Ch. 19. 5. Pf. 81
13-

iGen.,2.2. Num. ^^

22 k For mine Angel fliall go before

24.9. Deut. 30.7.
Jer, 30.20.
,h,,n that afia ^^ and btmg thee in unto the Amo-
kXer-MiI,f^5-9- rites, andthe Hittites, and the Periz-
•.". ,ii. 10. Join. 24. " *
&34h'u,'4'.3' zites, and the Canaanites, the Hivites,
*p£££L%: and the Jebufites : and I will cut them
off.
1 ^beu't^si;^: 24 l Thou fhalt not bow down to their

1 gods, nor ferve them, nor do after their

5. ZI.

Num.
iKin.:23. 8, 12.

«« c^ 34-^3. Dent, works : ra but thou fhalt utterly over-
" Ull^sc throw them, and quite break down their
images.
nLeT26i8;-73I4& 25 And n ye fhall ferve the Lord your
Wjifi-'&Jg God, and he' fhall blefs thy bread and
1-3'. ji. 30.17." thy water: and I will take ficknefs away
from the midft of thee.
26 ° There fhall nothing caft their
young, nor be barren, in thy land : p the
p?2enDe5ut?5?i6M' number of thy days I will fulfil.
qch.i4.24.Deut.2. 27 I will fend my i fear before thee,
25. & 28. 10. Gen. I J '
M'2S.'9J.0&5rai.'0' and will deftroy all the people to whom
f.T'ylil&f'^ thou fhalt come, and I will make all
, Heb. *,£, Deut. thine enemies turn their r backs unto
7. 23, -4. thee. 28 And s I will fend hornets before
thee, which fhall drive out the Hivite,

cDeul. 7.14. Job 42.
17. Pf. 144. 12, 13,
Job 21. 0—-I2. 8c
22, 21,

-e Jolh. 24. 12. Deut
7. 20.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — Think, O my foul, have
I taken heed to my ways, that I might not fin with my tongue !
Have I always a&ed with confeience and impartiality in all my
conduct ? Have I always fpoken only the truth, and that in due
feafon, and with a good intent ? Have I been a hater of bribery and
all perverting of juftice? Have I entertained ftrangers ; done good
to mine enemies ; and prayed for them that defpitefully ufe me ?
Do I in all things acknowledge God, the giver of my mercies ?
Ami careful to keep his fabbaths, and to obferve every inftituted
opportunity of fellowfhip with him ? Are even his moft circum
stantial laws hidden in my heart ?— While I thus ferioufiy examine

Ver. 20. Chrift, the angel of the covenant.
Ver. id.— Fulfil, in granting thee long life and profperity.
Ver. 31. Had they been obedient they would all along have poffeffed this whole
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
149 i.

, -1 Judg. i.&iv.wilh
land /gb 17. g. Prov, 4.
10.

the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from
before thee.
29 I will f not drive them out from '"."s^w
before thee in one year; left th
become defqlate, and the beaft of the field
multiply againft thee.
30 By little and little I will drive them
out from before thee, until thou be
increafed, and inherit the land.
31 And "I will fet thy bounds from u ^.ll^fiit
the Red fea even unto the fea of the \%fft?2.ltln.
Philiftines, and from the defert unto the 4-">V
river : for I will deliver the inhabitants of
the land into your hand ; and thou fhalt
drive them out before thee.
„. _ . - X Ch. 34. 12, 15.
v 32 * Thou fhalt make no covenant with fZ'/zl^iilk
them, nor with their gods. 9'6'7'
22 r They fhall not dwell in thy land, yzfl\l^mf
left they make thee fin againft me : for j'u/g^.w.'i'ol
. J D 36. Prov. 13. 14.
if thou ferve their gods it will furely be
a + fnare unto thee.

20. 1 Sam. 10. 21.

% An occafion of li*
and ruin..

CHAP.

XXIV.

Having received from God the laws mentioned in the
end of the twentieth, and in the two following chap
ters, ( 1 ) Mofes comes down and repeats them to the
people, who confent thereto; I — 3. (2) He writes
them in a book, and reads them to the people ; whi
again declare their confent to them ; and then, by fa
crifice and fipr inkling of blood, ratifies the covenant
between God and them, according to the tenor of thefe
laws; 4 — 8. (3) As direded of God, Mofes, Aaron,
Nddab, and Abihu, with feventy elders of Ifrael,
aficend part of the mount, and their feaft within view
of the manifefted glory of God; 9 — 12. (4) Mofes,
attended part of the way by Jofhua, aficends to the top
ofthe mount, and remains there with God forty davs ; aCh.ig.n.&io. m,
.o ,S J & 28. 1. Num. 11.
I 3_— I O • 16, 17. wilh Gehv
46. 27. ch. 19. 24.
ND he faid unto Mofes, aCome up b J2 ,. 5. Ge„.
unto the Lord, thou and Aaron, J%5S;|f
Nadab and Abihu, and b feventy of the |'j7-V&i8.£

J\

myfelf, endeavour to conform myfelf to his will, and lament my
infirmities and failings, let me rejoice that Jefus, the angel oi
the covenant, will fafely lead me through this wildernefs -world to
the promifed Canaan above, where no accurfed inhabitant fhall ever
moleft me, nor idols deceive me. Meanwhile, let him put out
my inward corruptions, and the enemies of his people, by little and
little ; and let me keep myfelf from idols, and from voluntary in
timacy with wicked men, cheerfully obeying his gracious voice,
that I may not feel the rod of his chaftifement, but in all my ways
rejoice in his prefence, blefling, and protection.

territory ; but for their fin they were deprived of a great part of it, except in the days
of David and Solomon. R

Covenant fbiemnly made

EXODUS.

Befere Chrift
14.91.

cVer 12
ch
Jer

9, to, 18. Num.
8. Deut. 34 10.
19. 20 Gal. 3.
20. 1 Tim. 2. 5.
.30.21. '

d Ezek. 3. 17. Acts,
10.27. 1 Cor. 4. 2.

e Vcr-7., ch, 19. 8.
Deut, 5. 27. Mat.
19. 16. Afts 2. 37.
Rom. 10. 2, 3,

f Ver. 7. Heb. 9. 19.
g Eccl. 9. 10. Cen,
22. 3. Pf, 119. 59.
hGen. 8,20. & 12.7,
K.&28,l8.ch-I7.IS-

i Priefts, ch. 19. 22,.
14.
k Lev. i. 8c iii.
. Num.. 7. 15, 17. &
. xxviii. xxix.

1 Ch. 12. 7, 22. Col.

rn Ch. 29. 16 — 20,
37. Lev, I. 5, 11.
&3. 2,8. &4. 6.
Mat. 23. 19. Heb,
13.9. Rev. 6. 9.

a See ver. 3.

e In the bafon,
ver. 6.
j> Heb. 9. 18 — 23, &
J3.20. Mat. 26.28.
aPet. 1. 2. Eph. I.
J. Sc 2. 16. Col. 1.
»a. Rom. 3. 2.1, 25.
3Cor. 5.21. ijohn
1. 7. & 4. 9,10. &
z. z.
q See ver, t. Deut.
t, 2. & 12. 32.
eel. 9. 10.
jAtokenof hispre-
jfence, John 1. 18.
iTiin. 6.l6.Deuti
4. 15. Ezek. 1. 4—
»8. & x. John 1.
J4-

elders of Ifrael ; and worfhip ye afar
off. 2 And c Mofes alone fhall come near
the Lord : but they fhall not come
nigh ; neither fhall the people go up with
him. 3 ^[ And Mofes came and told the
people d all the words of the Lord, and
all the judgments : and all the people
anfwered with one voice, and faid, e All
the words which the Lord hath faid will
we do.
4 \ And Mofes f wrote all the words
of the Lord, and E rofe up early in the
morning, and h builded an altar under the
hill, and twelve pillars, according to the
twelve tribes of Ifrael.
5 And he fent 'young men of the
children of Ifrael, who offered k burnt-
offerings, and facrificed peace-offerings of
oxen, unto the Lord.
6 And Mofes l took half of the blood,
and put it in bafons ; and half of the
blood he fprinkled ra on the altar.
7 And he took the book of the cove
nant, and read in the audience of the
people : and they faid, n All that the Lord
hath faid will we do, and be obedient.
8 And Mofes took the ° blood, and
fprinkled it on the people, and faid,
Behold p the blood of the covenant,
which the Lord hath made with you
concerning all thefe words.
9 % 1 Then went up Mofes and Aaron,
Nadab and Abihu, arid feventy of the
elders of Ifrael;
10 And they faw the r God of Ifrael:

between God and the Ifraelites.
and there was under his feet as it were
a paved work of a fapphire-ftone, and
it were the body of heaven in his

Before Chrift
1491.

as it were ti
clearnefs,. 1 1 And upon the 5 nobles of the chil-
of Ifrael he ' laid not his hand :
they faw God, and x did eat and

8 Elders, ver. 1, 9;
tNeh. 13. 11, Pi'.;},
20. & 138. 7. . ,
u Gen. 31. jo, 8c 16.
¦ 3- ch. 3j. 20.
Deut. 4, 3J. Judg,
13. 23,
x Luke 22. 39,ver,e.
ch. 18. I2-.

l8.&32.i6.Deut!
9. 10. 2 Cor. 3. z,
]«¦ 

• 31- 33-

z Ch. 17. 9,io,ij. &
~ Nurn.11.28, 8, 16. & 14,

32. 7. Nurn.il. 28.
& 13. 8, 16. & 14.
6, 30. 8c 26.65. &

zi. 18. with Gal.
4. 4. & 3. 13. Phil.
2. S. Heb. 5.8.

dren
alfo u
drink. 12 f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Come up to me into the mount, and be
there; and I f will give thee tables of y*°4fi.$"i
ftone, and a law, and commandments
which I have written ; that thou mayeft
teach them.
1 3 And Mofes rofe up, and his z mi-
nifter Jofhua: and Mofes went up into
the mount of God.
14 And he faid unto the elders, Tarry
ye here for us, until we come again unto
you : and behold Aaron and Hur are with
you ; if any man have any matters to do,
let him come unto them.
15 5f And Mofes went up into the-
mount, and a * cloud covered the mount. a(i8.''Ma?',7.|.Mk
1 6 And the b glory of the Lord abode
upon mount Sinai, and the cloud covered
it fix days : and c the feventh day he
called unto Mofes out of the midft of the c<t&
cloud. 1 7 And the fight of the glory of the
Lord was like d devouring fire, on the
top ofthe mount, in the eyes of the chil
dren of Ifrael.
1 8 And Mofes went into the midft of
the cloud, and gat him up into the mount :
and e Mofes was in the mount forty days
and forty nights.

12. is. pc 97. 2.
2 Sam, iS. 12,
Rev. 1. 10.
b Ch. 16.- 10. Num.
14. ro. ver. 17.
& Mr
Rev. 1. 10.

i Deut. 4. 14, 36. Pf.
50. 3. Heb.
19.

12,10,

c Ch. 34. 28. Deuti-
9. 9, 18, 25. 1 Kin.
10- 8. Mat. 4. z.
Afls 1. 3.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — One inftance of fellow-
fhip with God enfures and prepares for another more remarkable,
\srhilc believers are allowed to come even to his feat — for this pur
pofe his oracles are revealed, and his ordinances difpenfed to us.
But how many rafhly confent to God's covenant, and refolve on
duty, who in the iffue prove very unftedfaft! Let me then blefs the
Lord that our new covenant is made with all the ele£r, however
hard-hearted in themfelves ; and that it is a new teftament in
Chrift's blood. His finifhed atonement hath glorified his Father's
perfe&ions to the higheft ; hath magnified the law ; and pacifies

and purges our confeience From dead works. By thefe means I
am determined to receive his words into my heart, as indeed the
word of God, fince I am allowed the clear and amiable difplays of
a reconciled God, while in his prefence I feaft On the flefh and
blood of his Son. But behold, likewife, how my Redeemer, hav
ing fulfilled the law, and by himfelf purged away our fins, afcends
into the hill of God, fits down on the right hand of the Majefty in
the heavens, and thence, in due time„he will return without fin unto
falvation.

Chap. XXIV. Ver. 4. Thc altar reprefented God the chief party in the cove-
Bant, and the twelve irony pillars the tribes of Ifrael, as having, hard and ftony hearts.
Ver. 6-^8. The fprinkling of the blood on the altar, the book, the young men,
the elders, and the pillars which reprefented the people, denoted the fatisfaclion of
God's oerfe&iooSj the fulfilment of the broken law, and the purification of men's

confciences, by the blood of Jefus. Hencej in ver. 9, 10, God, perhaps in human
ihape, appears as fmiling on them ; and they, with comfort and fafety, feaft in hta-
prefence. Ver. 16. In thefe fix days Mofes is prepared to receive new ^oaunandrnents, as the
people were ia three days prepared for bearing the law.

Mofes receives laws

CHAP. XXV.

concerning the tabernacle, Sit.

Pefore Chrift
149 1.

a Heb. take
ch. 35. 5—19

2 Cor. 8.
9.7.
t Wool, Heb. 9. 19.
Rev. 1.5. 8c 7. 14.
dOr/VRev. 19- 8,
14. Ezek. 16. 10,
e Ch. 35. 24. Num.
25. 1. If. 41. 19. &
4.2.
fVe: 25. cii, 27,
30. 23—36, John
1. 14, 16.

A1

CHAP. XXV.
Contains, ( I ) God's demand of a voluntary colletlion
from the Hebrews, for the ereclion of a tabernacle or
tent for his refidence among them; I — 9. (2) His
diretlions how. to frame ; (1) An ark, or cheft, for
holding the tables of his law, covered with a mercy-
feat, whence God, from between thc cherubims, might
converfe with Ifrael; 10 — 22. (2) A table for hold
ing the twelve loaves of fincw-bread; 23 — 30. (3) A
golden candleftick, for illuminating the outer apart
ment of the fancluary ; — all according to models Jhewn
to Mctfes; 31 — 40.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
t or, beave-cfermS . 2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
b^5-"kg: that they a bring me an + offering : of
l;Hf);,fl'' evei7 man tnat giveth it b willingly with
.1..2.& h}s heart ye fhall take my offering.
3 And this is the offering which ye
fhall take of them ; gold, and filver, and
brafs, 4 And c blue, and purple, and fcarlet,
and a fine linen, and goats' hair,
5 And rams' fkins died red, and
e ^^9,17-10. badgers' fkins, and * fhittim- wood,
6 fOil for the light, fpices for anoint
ing oil, and for fweet incenfe,
7 E Onyx- ftones , and ftones to be fet
in the ephod, and in the breaft-plate.
8 And h let them make me a fanctuary ;
that I may dwell among them.
9 According to all that I fhew thee,
^.'&4°.£& after the i pattern of the tabernacle, and
S,«S'3M6j!7. the pattern -of k all the inftruments there -
& 4- 4-33- Lev. C _
vm. ix. 0f) even f0 fhall ye make it.
'' ' ' io f l And they fhall make an ark of
fhittim- wood : + two cubits and a half
•fhall be the length thereof, and a cubit
**£&££*£ and a nalf tne breadth thereof, and a
«w£^,bSntth ' cubit and a half the height thereof.
n And thou fhalt overlay it with
pure gold ; within and without fhalt
rt.'pf^Het t^ou overlay it ; and fhalt make upon it
a n crown of gold round about.

37. Sc tp. 24,

•4iS-
b Ch. 29. 45, 46,
Lev. 26. 12. Num.
35. 34. I Kin. 6.
13. Zech. 2. 10. Ik
8. 3. 2 Cor. 6. 16.
Heb. 3. 6, Rcv.21.
3>3-
i Ver. 40. !fc 26, 30.
Sc 39. 32. 1 Chr.
28. II, 12, 18, 19.
Heb. 8. 5.
k Ch. xxvi —xxxi.
xxxv— xxxix. &
31. 6 — 11. & 35,

3. 31. Jofh. iii. iv.
vi. iSarn.iv. v. vi.
2 Sam. vi. 1 Kin.
8. I— 1 1. 2 Chr. 8.
Il.Heb.9.4.Rev. ". 19.

in John t. 14. Col. 2.
9. Roih. 9. 5. Heb. m
I. J.

• 9, 10. ft. 21.
3,5-

Chap. XXV. Ver. 1. Thefe, and other ceremonial inftitutes, are minutely de-
fen bed, becaufe they flowed from the mere will of God. They were fignificant of
great and important things ; and were to be ftriaiy obferved in the adoration of a God
jealous, with refpecl to his own worfhip.
Ver. 8. While this tabernacle was a fign of God's prefence with, and proteclion of,
his people, it was a type, (1) of Chrift's perfon 5 Heb. -viii. 2; (2) ofthe gofpel-
church, the habitation of God by the Spirit; z Cor. vi. 16 ; (3) of every Chriftian in
whofe heart God dwells; 1 Cor. iii. 16. and vi. 19 ; (4) of the new covenant and
heavenly ftate; If. Ixvi. 1 : and according to thefe different nullifications may the fur
niture thereof be underftood in different views.
Ver. 10. The ark was the chief of all the facred furniture which peculiarly fancli-
fied the tabernacle, and for which it was principally made.

12

gold

And thou flialt caft four rings of
for it, and put them in the four '
corners thereof; and two rings fhall be
one fide of it, and two rings in the

Before Chrift
149J.

in th
other

fide of it.

make ° ftaves of olKi'1- 8-*
overlay them with

p Num. 4. 5—IS. 8t
7.0. 2 Chr. 55. j.
Afls 9. 15. Eph,
3. 8.

13 And thou flialt
fhittim-wood, and
gold. 14 And thou fhalt put the ftaves into
the rings by the fides of the ark, that
the ark may be p borne with them.
15 The ftaves fhall be in the rings
of the ark : they fhall not be taken from
.it. 16 And thou fhalt put into the ark the
1 teftimony which I fhall give thee.
17 % And thou fhalt make a r mercy-
feat of pure gold : two cubits and a half
fhall be the length thereof, and a cubit
and a half the breadth thereof.
1 8 And thou flialt make two s cheru
bims of gold, of hei\ten work fhalt thou
make them, in the two ends of the
mercy-feat. 19 And make one cherub on the one
end, and the other cherub on the other
end : even t of the mercy-feat fhall ye
make the cherubims on the two ends
thereof. 20 And the u cherubims fhall ftretch
forth their wings on high, covering the
mercy-feat with their wings, and their
faces fhall loo k one to another ; x toward
the mercy-feat fhall the faces of the che- 7 ^-if^iti**
rubimsbe. f£lu'%a*
21 And thou fhalt put the y mercy- feat zs««r.i6.ch.4o.
above upon the ark; and in the ark thou
fhalt put the "' teftimony that I fhall give
fflPP a Ch. 29.42. & 30. 6,
L11CC' , . ' 36.LivTl.I.&l6.
22 ir And a there I will meet with thee,
and I will commune with thee from
above the mercy-feat, from between the

q Moral law, ch. 16.
3».&3l.l8. Deut,
10. 2. Heb. 9. 4.
fee ver. 21. lKin,
8.9. Pf.40.3.M.«.
3. 15. Gal. 4. 4.
r A lid, ver, 22. ch.
37, 6—9. Rom. 3.
25. I John 2. z. 86
4.9,10.001.1.13. 8: 4. 4,5, Heb. 4.
16.
s sK'm.G. 23. Es-clc..
I. 5. Sc So. I.
1 Tim. 3. 16. Mat.
4. 11. Col. z. 10.
Heb. 1. 14. or
1 Cor. 12.28. i',-4.
1, II, 12. & 2. 2.
& 1. 23, 24.

t Or, of the mtttatf
the mercy-feat, Col.
2. 10. John 1. 51,
Gen. 28. «.

u I Kin. 8.7. I Chr.
28. 18. Heb. 9. 5.
&1.14. oriCor.
1. 23, 24. 8c 2. i.
X I Pet. 1. 12. Eph.
3. 10. or Afts io.
43. Rom. 3. 21.
I Cor. 2. 2.

1 Mofes had accefs
at all times into
thc moft holy
place.

36.: 2. Num. 7. 89. &
17.4. & 12.5. Pf.
80. 1. &99. 1.
1 Sam. 4. 4. 2 Kin.
19. 15. 2 Cor. 5.
19, 20. & 4. 6.
Eph. 1. 3.

Ver. 16. The two tables of ftone upon which the law was written are called
the Tejlimcny, becaufe they witnefled the covenant between God and the people J
teftified what God required of them ; and teftified againft them if they obferved it
not. Ver. 17. The lid, or mercy-feat, placed between the tables of the law, and the flie-
chinah, or cloudy fymbol of the divine prefence, denoted Jefus' atonement; which an
fwers to all thc demands of the law, and interpofes between it and Jcboisab, that he
may deal mercifully with us in Chrift.
Ver. j8. The cherubims fignified angels, as prying into the myft'ries of redemp
tion, and miniftering to Chrift and his people ; or minifters, as founded on Chrift, ad»
miring his work, and attending on God and his fervice.
R 2

Directions concerning the ark^ table of

EXODUS.

Jhew'-breadi and gotten candlejlick\

•Before Chrift
.149*-

li Ch. 37; 10—16. Sc
40. 4, 2a, 23.
Num. 3.51. iKin.
7. 48. 2 Chr. 4. 8,
Col. 1. 19. John 1.
24. 16. Phil. 4. 19.

c Col. 4. 9. Rom. 9.
¦ 5. Phil. 2. 6— 11.
d Of, armce^ fee
vex. 11.
e To keep the bread
from falling,
3 Pet. 1.5. Col. a.
3. If. 49. 6.

#-ASs9. T5. Eph. 5,
8. 2 Thef. 3. 1.
a Tim. 4.2. Rem.
£ Minifters and or-
• dinances, Ezek.
43.1a. If. 5a. XI.

h Lev. 24. 5—7.
Num. 4. 7. & 7. 13.
jer. 52. iS, 19.
• Or, te pour out
withal,
jPf.93.5.Ezek.4J.

It Lev. 14.8. ch.40.
4, 23. Num. 4. 7.
ijark 2. 26. Heb.
9. a, 24. John 6.3a-
1 Ch. 37. 17—24. &
40.4,24,2,5. Num.
. 3.31. & 8. 4. iKin.
7. 49. Zech. 4. 2.
Rev. 1. ia, 20. &
a, 5. Pf. 119. 105.
Pfov. 6. 23,

two cherubims which are upon the ark
of the teftimony, of all things which I
will give thee in commandment unto the
children of Ifrael.
23 % b Thou fhalt alfo make a table of
fhittim -wood : two cubits fhall be the
length thereof, and a cubit the breadth
thereof, and a cubit and a half the height
thereof. 24 And thou fhalt overlay it with
c pure gold, and make thereto a d crown
of gold round about.
25 And thou fhalt make unto it e a
border of an hand-breadth round about,
and thou fhalt make a golden crown to
the border thereof round about.
26 And thou fhalt make for it four
rings of gold, and put the rings in the
four corners that are on the four feet
thereof. 27 Over againft the border fhall the
rings be, for places of the ftaves to f bear
the table.
28 And thou fhalt make the g ftaves
tf fhittim-wood, and overlay them with
gold; that the table may be borne with
them. 29 h And thou fhalt make the difhes
thereof, and fpoons thereof, and covers
thereof, and bowls thereof, * to cover
withal : * of pure gold fhalt thou make
them. 30 And thou fhalt fet upon the table
k fhew-bread before me alway.
31 ^[ l And thou fhalt make a can
dleftick of pure gold ; of beaten work
fhall the candleftick be made : his
fhaft, and his branches, his bowls, his

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — 'Since, in deep compaffion
to human poverty, Jehovah hath freely taken upon himfelf the
whole expenfe of the work of redemption ; the infinite expenfe of
raifing up a Saviour, erecting a church, and preparing a new co
venant and an heavenly ftate, as means of his refidence amongft
us ; — fince he has made Jefus an ark for holding and fulfilling his
law; a propitiatory or mercy-seat, whence, to the everlafting
afroniflirhent of angels and men, and by their mini fixation, he may
declare his oracles, promifes, and laws; — a table to feed his
people, and on which the tribes of the redeemed are, in their fuc-
ceffive generations, fafelyand honourably prefented before God; —

knops, and his flowers, fhall be of the
fame. 32 And m fix branches fhall come out
of the fides of it ; three branches of the
candleftick out of the one fide, and three
branches of the candleftick out of the
other fide :
22 Three bowls made like unto al
monds, with a knop and a flower in one
branch ; and three bowls made like al
monds in the other branch, with. a knop
and a flower : fo in the fix branches that
come out of the candleftick.
34 And'in the candleftick fhall be four
bowls made like unto almonds, with their
knops and their flowers.
25 And there fhall be a knop under two
branches of the fame*, and a knop under
two branches of the fame, and a knop
under two branches ofthe fame, according
to the fix branches that proceed out of
the candleftick.
36 Their knops and their branches
fhall be of the fame : all of it fhall be one
beaten work of 'pure gold.
2 J And thou fhalt make the feven
lamps thereof : and they fhall + light the
lamps thereof, that they may give light
n over againft + it.
38 And "the tongs, thereof, and the
fnuff- difhes thereof, fhall be of pure
gold. 39 Of 'a talent of pure gold fhall he
make it, with all thefe veffels.
40 And plook that thou make ihem
after their pattern, H which was fhewed
thee in the mount.

•Before Chrift
1491-
m Rev. 1. 4. & 4. e.
& 5-6. with K
22.27,29. & 72. 8
—11. & 98. 3, if.
11.10. 8m. 6.8c
49. 12.&54. i_ J.
Mat. 8. 11. Afl»
ii — xix. Rev, u,
IS- If- 9- 7-

t Or, tauft n njteS.

n Ch. 27. 20, 21. &
30. 8. Num. 8. z,
3. Lev. 24. 5.
2 Cor. 3. 18. & 4.
6.Mat.<.l6.PhiL 2. 15, io".
% Heb. the face of it.
o Ezek. 43. 11, 11.
ver. 9. I Kin. 7.
50. 1 rhef.2. 10.
p Ver. 9. & ch. 26.
30. & 39. 42, 43-
Afls 7. 44. Heb.
8. 5. 1 Chr. 28. II,
12, 19. Num. 8. 4.
ch. 40. 16, ,
II Heb. which thou
waft taufed to fee.

and a light to his church, by his word and Spirit: — may I, may
thoufands more, be the willing members of his church ! Let us
furrender ourfelves, and all that we have, whether more or lefs va
luable, to the fervice of Chrift ! Following with care the prefcrip-
tions of heaven, let us come boldly to the throne of his grace, and
commune with our God ! Let us feaft from day to day, efpecially
from one fabbath to another, upon Jefus, the bread indeed, — Jefus,
the fineft of the wheat ; that we may be to G°d a fweet favour of
Chrift ! And, even in this earthly tabernacle and militant church,
let us walk in the light of the Lord ; fo fhall we fliine as lights in
the world, holding forth the word of life !

Ver. 23. This table typified Chrift, as having all fulnefs in, him, and fupporting
and prefenting before God all his. peoplej and alfo the gofpel-church and the ordi
nances of it.

Ver. 31. This candleftick typified Chrift himfelf, or te gofpel-church and ordi
nances thereof,

Concerning the curtains, taches,

CHAP. XXVI.

and coverings, ofthe tabernacle',

Before Chrift
149 1.

CHAP. XXVI.

Contains diretlions from God concerning, ( 1 ) The inner
curtains of the tabernacle, and their coupling with
taches of gold; 1 — 6. (2) The fecond curtains of
goats' hair, and their coupling with taches of brafs ;
7 — 13. (3) The third covering of rams'' fkins died
red; and the fourth, or uppermoft, of badgers' fkins ;
14. (4) The boards of fhittim- wood, to be erecled
for fupporting the curtains, with their crofs-bars
and fiockets; 15 — 30. (5) The vail, or hanging,
between the holy and moft holy place ofthe tabernacle;
31 — 35. (6) The vail, or hanging, at the door of
the tabernacle, feparating the holy place from the
court; 36, 37.
MOREOVER, thou fhalt make the
a tabernacle with ten curtains
"it'slz?! tj of b fine twined linen, and blue, and
f:2s&9'I,Son£ purple, and fcarlet: with c cherubims
b ch. 2S. 4. * Qf cunmnp- work fhalt thou make
cCh.25. 18. 2Tim. iT °
3. 16. Heb. 1. 14. them.
iCor, 12. 2o. Epa.
4"'12- 2 ¦*" The length of one curtain fhall be
™mil'wcrkn-L,a- eight and twenty cubits, and the breadth
or emoroiderer. O J '
tTheiengrhwas of one curtain four cubits : and every
SfbrSh' one of the curtains fhall have one mea-
two and an half. r
fure.
* nit 65J°d.Eph. 3 The five curtains fhall be d coupled
S.21.&4.3-6. together one to another; and other five
curtains fhall. be coupled one to another.
eEPh.4.i3-coi.2. 4 And thou fhalt make e loops of blue
2,19. & 3. 12 — 15. • r
ver. 5, &, 10, u. upon the edge of the one curtain from the
felvedge in the coupling ; and likewife
fhalt thou make in the uttermoft edge
of another curtain, in the coupling of
the fecond.
5 Fifty f loops fhalt thou make in the
one curtain, and fifty loops fhalt thou
make in the edge of the curtain that is
in the coupling of the fecond ; that the
loops may take hold one of another.
ror.bu.to.s.ver.j. 0 And thou fhalt make fifty f taches
of gold, and couple the curtains together
with the taches : and it fliall be one
tabernacle.

g See ver, 1.

7 ^f s And thou fhalt make curtains of
goats' hair, to be a 'covering upon the
tabernacle : eleven curtains fhalt thou
make.
"Tno?S?„'er„Zafd 8 " Th« lengtk of one curtain fhall be
l^fuVS? thirty cubits, and the breadth of one
chriKd'rT of curtain four cubits : and the eleven cur
tains fhall be all of one meafure.

Before Chrift
1491.

9 And thou fhalt couple five curtains
by themfelves, and fix curtains by them- ~
felveS, and fhalt double the fixth curtain
in the forefront of the tabernacle.
10 And thou fhalt make fifty h loops i> see ver. .3,6,11.
on the edge of the one curtain that is
outmoft in the coupling, and fifty loops
in the edge of the curtain which coupleth
the -fecond.
1 1 And thou fhalt make i fifty taches 'ShK8"
_.- - . 1 . -. connection of
of brafs, and put the taches into the ^r^itK
loops, and couple the * tent together, f^--^
that it may be one. • or, «w.»f .
1 2 And the remnant that remaineth of
the curtains of the tent, the half curtain
that remaineth, fhall hang over the back-
fide of the tabernacle.
13 And a cubit on the one fide, and
a cubit on the other fide, + of that which t Heb. .-»<&«««.•«.
, . , , 1 r- 1 ¦ der,OT,furtluiage.
remaineth in the length of the curtains
of the tent, it fhall hang over the fides of
the tabernacle, on this fide and on that
fide, to cover it.
14 And thou fhalt make k a covering k^m,-r4;kc£-£
for the tent of rams' fkins died red, and f.t^ztsf't?'
a covering above of badgers' fkins.
15 f And thou fhalt make » boards ' fj^i^.
for the tabernacle of fhittim- wood ftand- *.fc»!«!' p;

in 2:

up.

1 6 Ten cubits fhall be the length of a
board, and a cubit and a half fhall be the
breadth of one board.
1 7 Two m tenons fhall there be in one ^E^j£££
• i /» • -1 r\ . 1 lbe mediatorial
board, fet in order one asainft another : ft™n«hofChrift.
' O and the principal
thus fhalt thou make for all the boards of C™^,^S,
, -1 , 1 1 of his church, all
the tabernacle. round=,i in the
18 And thou fhalt make the boards £rp^3f°odi
for the tabernacle, twenty boards on the
fouth-fide fouthward.
1 9 And thou flialt make forty fockets
of filver under the twenty boards ; two
fockets under one board for his two
tenons, and two fockets under another
board for his two tenons.
20 And for the fecond fide of the
tabernacle on the north fide there fhall be
twenty boards;
2 1 And their forty fockets of filver ;
two fockets under one board, and two
fockets under another board.

Concerning the boards, bars, and

EXODUS.

entrf '-hangings, of the tabernacle.

Before Chrift
149 1.

B Heb-. tmht'd, Pf.
133. I. I Cor. I.
BO. Col. 2. 2, 19.

0 Ch. J6. 31—34.
Num ;. 36. Rom.
15. 1. 1 Lor. 9. 19,
2J- Gal. 6.2. IJ. 3c.
3. Heb. 12. 13. Sc
10.24, 25. Phil. 1.
27 2 Cor. 13. 11.
I Cor. r. 10. Eph.
4. 12, 13. Col. 2.
2,I9.&3.I2— 15.

•f Ch. 25. o, 40. &
27. 8. Afls 7. 44.
Heb. 8.5. If. 8. 10.
Gal. 6. 16. Dcur.
4. 2. 2 Tim. 3. 15
— 17. 2 Pet. 1. 19.
qCh.36.35.&.,o. x,
21. Lev. 24. 3. 8c
16. 2. Mat. 27. 5' T.
2 Chi. 3. 14. Heb.
9. 3, 8. & 70. 19,
20. Eph. 2. 14,

r Ch. ze. 16. & 40.
21. 1 Kin. 8. 6.
Heb. 9. 2, 3.

22 And for the fides of the tabernacle
weftward thou flialt make fix boards.
23 And two boards fhalt thou make
for the corners of the tabernacle in the
two fides.
24 And they fhall be "coupled toge
ther beneath, and they fhall be coupled
together above thc head of it unto one
ring ; thus fhall it he for them both ;
they fliall be for the two corners.
25 And they fhall be eight boards, and
their fockets of filver fixteen fockets ; two
fockets under one board, and two fockets
under another board.
26 And thou flialt make ° bars of
fhktim-wood ; five for the boards of the
one fide of the tabernacle,
27 And five bars for the boards of the
other fide of the tabernacle, and five bars
for the boards of the fide of the taber
nacle, for the two fides weftward.
28 And the middle bar in the midft of
the boards fhall reach from end to end.
29 And thou fhalt overlay the boards
with gold, and make their rings, of gold
for places for the bars : and thou fhalt
overlay the bars with gold.
30 And thou fhalt rear up the taber
nacle p according to the fafhion thereof
which was fhewed thee in the mount.
3 1 ^[ And thou flialt make a ' vail of
blue, and purple, and fcarlet, and fine
twined linen of cunning work : with
cherubims fhall it be made.
32 And thou fhalt hang it upon four
pillars of fhittim-u'cW overlaid with gold :
their hooks fhall be of <go\x\, upon the four
fockets of filver.
22 And thou fhalt hang up 1 the vail
tinder the taches, that thou mayeft bring
in thither within the vail the r ark of the

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — 'How gracioufly God fiats
the tokens of his favour to our circumftancef, as he formed a
moveable refidence, and furniture for himfelf, to the wandering
condition of his chofen people. But herein may I contemplate
Jefus, mean and debafed in the view of carnal beholder?, but in
wardly decked with all the golden glories of Godhead, and the
p'.:re graces of manhood ! I fee how every thing about him, as Me
diator, 'is founded and fixed in, creeled and joined together, accord
ing to the purpofe, and by the infinite wifdom and power,' of God.
Let me behold, likewife, the Chriftian church, outwardly defpica-

Before Chrift
1491.

Heb. 9. 8, 9,

teftimony : and the vail fhall divide unto
you between the holy place and the moft
holy. - 34 And thou fhalt 5 put the mercy-feat 'p £!£££. *
upon the ark of the teftimony in the moft Num.V sV5,
holy place.
2$ And thou flialt fet the table l without
the vail, and the candleftick over againft
the table on the fide of the tabernacle
toward the fouth : and thou fhalt put the
table on the north fide.
36 % And thou fhalt make ¦? an hanging n^*»£*£
for the door of the tent, of blue, and £'9.&%r*
purple, and fcarlet, and fine twined linen,
wrought with needlework.
37 And thou fhalt make for the hang
ing five pillars of (hlttim-wood, and
x overlay them with gold, and their hooks ^xf'^ff^.
fhall be of gold : and thou fhalt caft five *&*«*£
fockets of brafs for them.
CHAP. xxvn.
Contains diretlions from God concerning, ( I ) The bra
zen altar upon which the facrifices were to be offered;
1 — 8. (2) The court of the, tabernacle, with the
hanging for the door of it ; 9 — 19. (3) The oil far
the lamps of the candleftick ; 20, 21.
AND thou fhalt make an "altar o/'achjs.i^.&ij,
fhittim- wood,* five cubits long and ^Vh^'"
five cubits broad : the altar fhall be four- ReV^'.4'-"'"
fquare; and the height thereof fhall be "^jgfS,™
three CUbltS. heighr'fivefeet
2 And thou fhalt make the b horns of
, - , . b Pf. 118.27. 1 Kin,
it upon the four corners thereof; his
horns fhall be ofthe fame; and thou fhalt
overlay it with c brafs.
3 And thou fhalt make his pans
receive his afhes, and his d fhovels, and ri^-*"-1-1*
his bafons, and his flefh-hooks, and 'his ^p^;',;;^
fire-pans : all the veffels thereof thou &I'12"
fhalt make of brafs.
4 And thou fhalt make for it a
of net-work of brafs ; and upon the net

Hob. 10, 19.
ceremonial law,
Eph. 2.14. and tne
vifiUe hcavena
Ait > 3. 21.

1. 50, A: 2. 28.
Heb. 7. 25. John

f-A cJob6.l2.Zeeh.6.».
L>J Mic. 4. 13. Num.

OTdf-p c Or, fieve, Amos
b1410 9-o-

ble in the view of a carnal world, but inwardly decked, eftablifhed,
and knit together, by every precious ordinance, fpiritual grace,
faithful minifter, or true faint ! Let my entrance into her be by
Jefus Chrift, the door, the way, the truth, and the life: and, amidft
all my outward infirmities, let me be all-glorious within, a meet
habitation of God through the Spirit ! Thus fhall I have accefs
with boldnefs, by the blood of Jefus, into the fan&uary of fellow-
fhip with God on earth, and in due time into the heavenly ftate,
the holieft of all.

haws concerning the brazen altar.

Before Chrift
149 1.

fhalt thou make four brazen rings in

CHAP. XXVII
the

XXVIII. Sacred court and oil for the light.

four cornets thereof.
5 And thou fhalt put it under the
compafs of the altar beneath, that the net
may be even to the midft of the altar.
6 And thou fhalt make ftaves for the
altar, ftaves of fhittim- wood, and overlay
them with brafs.
7 And the ftaves fliall be put into the
rings, and the ftaves fhall be upon the
*S'*5 -Vs*' * two fides of the altar, to f bear it.
8 Hollow with boards fhalt thou make
it : s as + it was fhewed thee in the mount,

30. 4. Afli_9, IS-
Eph. 3 -

^ph.3-8. lCor. 1,
23. &1.2. 2 Cor.
4. 5. 2Thef. 3. 1.
This altar, fqua-
red and horned, _ _ .
esks^u fo mal1 they make it-
an^i-mffieient ^ ^j- And tQOU fKalt make the h court of

Before Chrift
1491.

linen, wrought with needlework : and
their pillars fhall be four^ and their fockets
four. 17 All the pillars round about the
court fhall be filleted with filver; their
hooks fhall be of filver, and their fockets
of brafs. 1 8 % The length ofthe court fhall 'be an
hundred cubits, and the breadth * fifty %™>-ts>)bm<
every where, and the height five cubits
of 'fine twined linen, and their fockets of
brafs. 1 9 All the veffels of the tabernacle in
all the fervice thereof, and all the pins

thereof, and all the pins of the court
^fffilf-^f- the tabernacle for the fouth fide fouth- \ fhall be of brafs.
£ebi'i!i9.cah: ward: there fhall be hangings for the! 20 % And thou fhalt command the
tHeb he'jhLea. court 0/* fine twined linen of an * hundred children of Ifrael, that they bring; thee
ji ch. 38 9-20. & cubits long for one fide

<!Vi5io'. 17-19' 10 And the twenty pillars thereof and
*^™fcoUrt their twenty fockets fhall be of brafs ; the
typified the debaf- - - r J . J
ed ftate r""-
and the

protection Chrift
and his church are
ieparated from
-the v.-orld.

wubk1"' h°°ks of the pillars and their fillet sjhall
church. By divine U. nf(\ lr/pr
ordinances and __ "C VJ 1IJ.VC1.
1 1 And likewife for the north fide in
length there fhall be hangings of an
hundred cubits long, and his twenty
pillars and their twenty fockets of brafs :
the hooks Of the pillars and their fillets of
filverl 12 And yor the breadth of the court
on the weft fide fhall ^hangings of fifty
cubits : their pillars ten, and their fockets
ten. 13 And the breadth of the court on
the eaft fide eaft ward fhall Se fifty cubits.
14 The hangings of one fide of the gate
fhall be * fifteen cubits : their pillars three,
and their fockets three.
1 5 And on the other fide fhall be hang
ings fifteen cubits: their pillars three, and
their fockets three.
iTw.i,e yards. 1 6 And for the gate of the court fhall
This contt was j ¦. . _ . ° * , s> ¦*
fe'°Krrdty be ZXi hanging of » twenty cubits, of blue,
£&.*JES and purple, and fcarlet, and fine twined

* Kine and one
fourth yards.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — Since I have the once
debafed, the all-atoning^all-perferSt, powerful, and all-acceffible,
Jefus for my altar ; — fince I have his church and ordinances for a
court and place of worfhip, divinely bounded and protected ; —
the oracles, gifts, and graces of his^Spirit, for my all-illuminating
oil ; — let me, confcious of crimes unnumbered, flee to him as my
refuge, and by faith lay bold ori his horns of faving power and su

it Ch. 30. 8. Lev. 24.
z. 3. Rev. 11. 4.
I Cor. 1. 4. 8c z. 4.
&12.7.
U Heb. J« afund tip.

kpure oil-olive beaten for the light, to
caufe the lamp » to burn always.
2 1 In the. tabernacle of the congrega
tion without the vail, which is before the
1 teftimony, Aaron and his fons fliall
m order it from evening to morning before m^'f''l\^ffii.
the Lord : it fhall be a ftatute for- ever
unto their generations on the behalf of
the children of Ifrael. .

1 Ch. 2;. 21. & 26.
31—33. If. 8. 20.

3,4. I Si
2 Chr. 13,
2. 7. Eph. 3. 8, 9.
This oil denotes
the Holy Ghoft in
his gifts, graces,
and oracles.

CHAP.

XXVIII.

Contains divine prcfcriptions concerning the priefts who
were to minifter in the tabernacle, and their facred
veftmcnts; 1 — 5; particularly, (1) The rich garments
of the high -prieft, including the ephod, or fhort jacket
without fileeves, and girdle; 6 — 1 4 ; the brcaft-plate,
with its precious ftones, and Urim and Thummim ;
15 — 30 ; the robe of the ephod, fiomewhat like a wo
man's gown ; 31 — 35 ; andthe mitre, with its gold
en plate ; 36 — 39. (2) The plain veftments of the
common priefts, including their linen coats, breeches,
bonnets, and girdles ; 40 — 43.
ND a take thou unto thee Aaron thy » £"5-.8-2- Heb- *
brother, and his fons with him,
from among the children of Ifrael, that
he may minifter unto .me in the prieft's
office, even b Aaron, Nadab and Abihu, i,u.'Num."i&
t A » C 26.60. 1 Chr. 6.1,
Eleazar and Ithamar, Aaron s fons. 16.&24. 1,2.

thority. Let me give up myfelf, and all that I have, to God through
him ; that in his courts I may b hold his perfon and work, and wor
fhip him in fear. Let me, whether minifter or private Chriftian,
exert myfelf, that the word of the Lord may have free courfe and
be glorified ; and, with exercifed gifts and graces, let me Ihinc
forth as a light in the houfe of my God.

Concerning the high-prief s robes,

E X-O-D U S.

Eerorc Chrift
1491

2 ^[ And thou flialt make c holy gar-
ci,. 29. 5,6, 8,9. & ments for Aaron thy brother, for glory
39. 1— jT- Le?,8. J y~ 1 " '

3 And thou fhalt fpeak unto all that
whom I have filled

7,-8.Heb7.^.';i,and for beauty.
z. g. Ii. 6r. to. J
P.fv.i>8.Pf.i32.9, 16.
iCi'&'36(i'ir-8' are d wife-hearted,
*«.,#¦ with the fpirit of wifdom, that they may
make Aaron's garments to confecrate him,
that he may minifter unto me in the
prieft' s office.
4 And thefe are the garments which
e&399iL*.,Re,v': they fliall make; e a breaft-plate, and an
. s'onl'e^ttk ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat,
H-'iTim. 3° 16.'' a mitre, and a girdle : and they fhall make
holy garments for Aaron thy brother,
and his fons, that he may minifter unto
me in the prieft's office.
'%%?{*$; l 5 And they fhal1 take f gold' and blue'
H- %2*'*'jf and purple, and fcarlet, and fine linen.
Thefe robes de- *- L '
SSS£dta,tolr 6f s And they fhall make the ephod
rnddruretry"rigSe! of gold, of blue, and of purple, of fcarlet,
tch.jtTi-s.LCT. an^ nne twined linen, with cunning
8. 7. 1 Sam. 2. 28. „.__1,
&14. 3. &zi.g. work. 7 It fhall have the two fhoulder-pieces
thereof joined at the two edges thereof;
and fo it fhall be joined together.
8 And the h curious girdle ofthe ephod,
which is upon it, fhall be of the fame,
according to the work thereof; even of
gold, of blue, and purple, and fcarlet,
and fine twined linen.
9 'And thou fhalt take two onyx-ftones

kOr, embroidered,
Rev.1.13. If.II.J,

i Ch. 39. 6. ver. 11.
Song 8. 6. If. 9. 6.
|4.ii3492i6Rom. and grave on them the names of the
S. 34. Heb. 7. 25, O
. *j* 9' M- John children of Ifrael :
10 Six of their names on one ftone,
and the other fix names of the reft on the
kfh"'.!l-,3'.Nu1n. other ftone, k according to their birth.
iana"',™17' 1 1 With the work of an engraver in
ftone, like the engravings of a fignet, fhalt
thou engrave the two ftones with the
names of the children of Ifrael: thou
fhalt make them to be fet in ouches of
gold.
1ch.39.7- ir.96. 12 And thou fhalt i put the two
s^3'°^zVjzi'sc ftones upon the fhoulders of the ephod
9. 24. Gar. 6. 16. jrQr ftones 0f memorial unto the children
* chrm reports his 0f Ifrael : and Aaron fhall + bear their
people, and pre- IT •
ie«s them before names before the Lord upon his two
fhoulders for a memorial.
13 And thou fhalt make ouches of
gold;

breafl-plate, and precious f ones therein^
1 4 And two chains of pure gold at the Baf^rift
ends : of wreathen work fhalt thou make ~
them, and faften the wreathen chains to
the ouches.
1 5 ^[ And thou fhalt make the m breaft- *$%$£¦%$
plate of judgment with cunning work ; is.s| Hifj: 83*
after the work of the ephod thou fhalt
make it; of gold, of blue, and of purple,
and of fcarlet, and of fine twined linen,
flialt thou make it.
1 6 Four-fquare it fhall be being dou
bled ; a fpan fhall be the length thereof,
and a {pan fhall be the breadth thereof.
•17 And thou fhalt + fet in it fettings tH^,„f ,'";'J!"V
of ftones, even n four rows of ftones : the n **?,«. ,9,20.
firfl row fhall be a * fardius, a topaz, and i°.&I7'c'39'
a carbuncle : this fhall be the . firft row. * lllSp&z *££
18 And the fecond row fhall be an wwche.utteck£
J .are ranked, and .
emerald, a fapphire, and a diamond. ^b^i'df
10 And the third row a ligure, an x^\VSf\Zfl'
' . 1/1 fus' heart, that he
agate, and ah amethyft. fufonneS.™"*"
20 And the fourth row a beryl, and an
onyx, and a jafper : they fhall be fet in
gold in their H enclofings. ih*.^*,*
21 And the ftones fhall be " with the •*»»»•*>*.»»•
names of the children of Ifrael, twelve,
according to their names, like the en
gravings of a fignet ; every one with his
name fhall they be * according to the pIeNum.f ICf.
. t • 1 xxvi. 1 Cor. 14.
twelve tribes. 31- c°i- z. 5.
22 iAnd thou flialt make upon the q fo'n'g3?: Wd\.
breaft-plate chains at the ends of wreathen H'
work of pure gold.
23 And thou fhalt make upon the
breaft-plate two rings of gold, and fhalt t
put the two rings on the two ends of
the breaft-plate.
24 And thou flialt put the two wreath
en chains of gold in the two rings which
are on the ends of the breaft-plate.
25 And the other two ends of the two
wreathen chains thou fhalt t faften in the ^"wnlm-
two ouches, and put them on the fhoul- 5!^^™™"
' 11-.- . covenant and the
der-pieces of the ephod before it. neaedh™icthc^i»»
26 And thou fhalt make two rings of *"*"'
gold, and thou fhalt put them upon the
two ends of the breaft-plate in the border
thereof, which is in the fide of the ephod
inward. 27 And two other rings of gold thoij

High-priefls ephod; Urim and I'hummim ; CHAP. XXVIII.

mitre; common robes of priefts.

Befo^chrift fa£t m^e- an(j (h^it put them on the
- two fides of the ephod underneath, to
wards the forepart thereof, over againft
-the other coupling thereof, above the
curious girdle of the ephod.
28 And they fhall bind the breaft-
plate by the rings thereof unto the rings
of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it
may be above the curious girdle of the
ephod, and that the breaft-plate be not
loofed from the ephod.
1 .song 8. 6. if. 49. 29 And Aaron fhall r bear the names
hseb. 7. »5.&S9-' of the children of Ifrael in the breaft-plate
14. Rom. 8. 34. l-l 11
iee vet.9-12, 21. 0f judgment upon his heart, when . he
goeth in unto the holy pface, for a me
morial before the Lord continually.
30 % And thou fhalt put in the breaft-
•S^S'&r plate of judgment the s Urim and the
'£:TeU7"^. Thummim ; and they fhall be upon
perwscodwm.' Aaron's heart, when he goeth in be-
felf formed it, and * D
Lwthe S'of fore the Lord: and Aaron fhall bear
Nmn.27c.vis8,'27;. the judgment of the children of Ifrael
¦•'"'$«*¦ >m£ upon his heart before the Lord conti-
¦zZ. 1 Sam, 23. 9 — r
&!£&&,. nually.
1,. coi. 2, 3. *[ And thou fhalt make f the robe
t Ch. 39. 22— 20. *) "
^"'Heb!',^.1' of the ephod all of blue.
1 cor. 5. 2,. & ^2 An(j_ there fhall be an hole in the
top of it, in the midft thereof: it fhall
have a binding of woven work round
about the hole of it, as it were the hole
"r^i'jV'i'Tim: °f an habergeon, that it be u not rent.
Epn'^-ie!'9, 23 ^nd beneath upon the + hem of it
tor, di>». thou fhah make x pomegranates of blue,
"songts.'&t'?. and of purple, and of fcarlet, round about
yHeb.s3.7.&7.i5. the hem thereof; and ? bells of gold
f.l;!y£.,,I3!W: between them round about :
34 A golden bell and a pomegranate,
a golden bell and a pomegranate, upon
the hem of the robe round about.
25 And it fhall be upon Aaron to
x^t\t1\}^te. minifter : and his z found fhall be heard
aThef.3... wnen he goeth in unto the holy place

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII. — Come, my foul, is not
the fmell of my Redeemer's garments, his unfpotted manhood, his
mediatorial office, and his everlafting righteoufnefs, as of a field
which the Lord hath bleffed ! Are not thefe for glory and for
beauty to himfelf and to his people! Is he not every way fitted to
attract the admiration of angels and of men ! every way qualified to
atone for, to remember, his people, and prefent them before God !
Are not even the appearances and actions of his debafed ftate cal
culated to promote his own and his Father's honour, and our ever-
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
1491.

before the Lord, and when he cometh
out, that he die not. iC[^
36 % And thou fhalt make a a plate of\^f^^
pure gold, and grave upon it, like the ^iiL£ff
-engravings of a fignet, HOLINESS TO
THE LORD.
2 J And thou fhalt put it on a blue
lace, that it maybe upon the + mitre ; *£™ 3m^ff
upon the forefront of the mitre it fhall be. ^iiMS,
38 And it fliall be upon Aaron's fore- «Pa.gre
head, that Aaron may bbear the iniquity b ^Vii.'^.'oT
of the holy things, which the children of j&nVVl'cor.
Ifrael fhall hallow in all their holy gifts ; ^"'^tiX
•> D '7. 1 John 1.7, &
and it fhall be always upon his forehead, 1-',z-
that they may be accepted before the'
Lord. 39 ^[ And thou fhalt embroider the
c coat of fine linen, and thou fhalt make « $><* «r. 4.M,3f.
the d mitre of fine linen, and thou fhalt ?4ebltH'9;Vnl:
make the e girdle of needlework. ft I0' Pf' ,il' *
40 5T And f for Aaron's fons thou fhalt Af£;ff£\u
make coats, and thou fhalt make for them f^f'™'**'
girdles, and bonnets fhalt thou make for \^fl\ *™'-
them, for glory and for beauty. fch. 39.27-29.
A 1& 1 n u .. 1 •Lev?l,3.I(f6i..
41 And thou fhalt put them upon fc0f •'£•£.„
Aaron thy brother, and his fons with '¦3°-
him; and fhalt s anoint them, and '"con- ^a'F^i't
fecrate them, and fanctify them, that io1™ >• m-Vj'**
" ". . 2. 20, 27. 2 Cor. i.
they may minifter unto me in the pneft's 2I'*Z-
rr,-/ J ¦*¦ •tieb.fitaeh-band.
office. 42 And thou fhalt make them linen
h breeches to cover t their nakednefs ; *£•&**.&
from the loins even ' unto the thighs they *'¦!¦ dm'
fhall* reach. **%/„$/"""
43 And they fhall be upon Aaron, and ¦ y£°£ ££;*+¦.
upon his fons, when they come in unto ,Ct,rI-3°-
11 1 r , 1 . • t Heb. be.
the tabernacle of the congregation, or
when they come near unto the altar to
minifter in the holy place ; that they k bear kpr-;-?,6.Hab.i.
... IV 7-/7/77 lJ.Mat.22.I2,T3.
not iniquity, and die. It J hall be a
ftatute ^or ever unto him, and his feed ' %n; ,7' r ch' ""
after him.

lafting happinefs! Let me then behold and receive him as the
Great High Prieft of my profeffion ; behold how, in his manhood,
in his mediatorial office, and finifhed righteoufnefs, he bears the
names of all his chofen in all their diverfified conditions, and fup-
ports and prefents them before God! What fweet fruits, and joy
ful founds, of gofpel- grace iffue from his incarnation, righteoufnefs,
and interceffion ! In what a dignified manner hath he put away our
fins that we die not! And, though in all things he muft have the
preeminence, let me, and all his children, be arrayed in our prieftly
o

Diretlions for the confecration ofthe

EXODUS.

priefs: wafhing; xkthing; oblations r-j

Before Chrift
1491.

CHAP. XXIX.

a Lev. 8. 2—30. &
9. 2. & 14. 4—32.
ch. 12. 5. Mal. 1.
13. Heb. 7. 26.
I Per. 1. 19. 2 Cor.
5-21.
b Ch. 12. 8. Lev. 2.
1. & 6.20. 1 Per.
2. 22. John 3. 34.
I Cor. 5.7. 2 Cor,
I. 21, 21.

8-3-5-
8. 9— ll.,Lcv.l,3,
5. &4<4. &12.6.
d Lev. 8.6. & 14.9.
xv. Num. 8. 7.
Luke 1. 35. John
1. 14. Rev. 1. 5.
H-;b. 9. 13. 14. &
10. 22. Tit. 3. 5.
Rev. 1.5,6.
eCh.28.2 — 41. Lev.
U. 7, 8,9. Jer. 31.
i.z. Heb. 10. 5. If.
42. 1,6. iTiin. 2.
5. Jer. 23. 6.

f Ch. 28. 36—38.
Le-.'. 8. 9. Heb. 1
3. & 2. 8, 9.
Phil. 2. 8—11.
Pi. 21. ,3,4.

gLcv. 8. 12. ch. 30.
25. If. 61. T. 8c ll.
2. John 3. 34.

h Lev. 8. 13. ch.28.
ifl—p..8c 39. 27
— 29. 2 Cor. 5.21.
Rom. 5. 19. ll'.6l.
»c. Pi. 132. 9, 16.

* Kc-b, hind.

Contains, ( i ) Divine diretlions concerning the confe
cration of the priefts ; which confifted in wafhing their
bodies, arraying them with the facred robes, anointing
them with blood and oil, and the oblation of' a fin-
offering, burnt-offering, and confiecration-offering, for
them; I — 35. (2) Diretlions for the confecration
ofthe altar 'with the priefts, by fin-offerings and fa
cred untlion for the fpace of feven days; 36, 37.
(3) Laws diretling the oblation of their daily facri
fice; 38 — 41.. (4) P ramifies of God's prefence in
his tabernacle and ordinances, and bleffing of his obe
dient people; 42 — 46.
AND this is the thing that thou fhalt
do unto them to hallow them, to
minifter unto me in the -prieft's office :
a Take one young bullock, and two rams.
without blemifh,
2 And b unleavened bread, and cakes
unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers
unleavened anointed with oil : of wheaten
flour fhalt thou make them.
3 And thou fhalt put them into one
bafket, and bring them in the bafket,
with the bullock and the two rams.
4 And Aaron and his fons thou fhalt
bring c unto the door of the tabernacle of
the congregation, and fhalt d wafh them
with water.
5 And thou flialt take the e garments,
and put upon Aaron the coat, and the
robe of the ephod, and the ephod, and
the breaft-plate, and gird him with the"
curious girdle ofthe ephod :
6 And thou fhalt f put the mitre upon
his head, and put the holy crown upon
the mitre.
7 Then fhalt thou take the E anointing
oil, and pour it upon his head, and
anoint him.
8 h And thou fhalt bring his fons, and
put coats upon them.
9 And thou fhalt gird them with
girdles, (Aaron and his fons,) and * put

Before Chrift .
'49' •
Web. fill the hand of.
Ch. 28. 41, Heb,
10. 5. IfT 61. 1.
John 3. 34, Heb.
7.28. Rsv. 1. 5,5,
Lev. viii. ix.
Num. viii. Zech.
13- 7- W- 80. 17.
k Lev, 4. 3, 4, & 8.
z, 14. Num. 8,8V-

1-Lev. 1. 4, Sc 8. 14,
If- S3 -6—8. 2 Cor.
5. 21.

19. Heb. 5. 8. &
2. 10. ,
oCh. 27.2. &30.J,

the bonnets on them : and the prieft's
office * fhall be theirs for a perpetual
fiatute : and thou fhalt ' confecrate Aaron
and his fons.
1 o And thou fhalt caufe a k bullock to
be brought before the tabernacle' of the
congregation : and l Aaron and his fons
fhall put their hands upon the head of
the bullock.
11 And thou fhalt m kill the bullock ^M:*4^
before the Lord, by the door of the g^iM^'zt
1 -T . 28. I Pel, 2. 24. Sc
tabernacle of the congregation. 3- ,8-
1 2 And thou flialt n take of the blood n&r»<^*i&7:
of the bullock, and put it upon the
0 horns of the altar with thy finger, and
pour all the blood befide the bottom of
the altar.
13 AncJ pthou fhalt take all the. fat p ^g„%4f.t
that covereth the inwards, and + the Mit.lb.lsf7'
caul that is above the liver, and the two
kidneys, and the fat that is upon them,
and burn them upon the altar.
14 1 But the flefh of the bullock, and
his fkin, and his dung, fhalt thou burn
with fire without the camp : it is a fin-
offering. 1 5 r Thou fhalt alfo take one ram ;
and Aaron and, his fons fhall put their
hands upon the head of the ram.
16 And sthou fhalt flay the ram, and
thou fhalt take his blood, and fprinkle it
round about upon the altar.
1 7 And thou fhalt cut the ram in
pieces, and ' wafh the inwards of him,
and his legs,' and put them unto his
pieces,

and I' unto his head.

$ Or, midriff.

q Lev. 4. 2, 11, 12,
21. &16.27. &8.
17. Heb. 13. ii-

r Lev. 1. 2 — 13. &
8. 18. ver. 10. Gal.
4. 4, 5. If. S3. 6. &
45.24.

s--S.-c ver. 11, 12.

t Lev. 1.8,9, IM?*
John 17. 19.
Heb. 2. 18. & 4.
15. & 7. 26. & 9.
14.

I Or, upon.

18 And thou fhalt burn " the whole u ^s'^'t^
ram upon the altar: it is a burnt-offering
unto the Lord : it is a fweet favour, an
offering made by fire unto the Lord.
19 And thou fhalt take the x other ram ;
and Aaron and his fons fliall ? put their yver.10.15. Lev.?
I 1 1 i i r 1 2,8, 13. Mic. 5. 5,
hands upon the head of the ram.

24. &J>
18. If. 53. 10. Eph.

xVer. 3. Lev, Z.zU
& 3. I— 16.

Eph.

3. Mic. 5. 5.
14, 15.

robes of righteoufnefs imputed, grace implanted, and of an holy
converfation ; and let me ever remember that it is death, eternal
death, to all, but chiefly to minifters, if they attempt to ferve God

without putting on the Lord Jefus as made of God to them righte
oufnefs, fan£tification, and redemption.

Chat. XXIX. Ver. 1, 2,4. Their oblations fignified that they and their fervices
fliould be holy, gracious, and excellent. Their wafhing fignified juftification and rege
neration by the 'blood and Spirit of Chrifr.
Ver. 7. The common priefts were, at leaft at firft, anointed by fprinkling; but the
high prieft had oil poured out plentifully upon his head; Pf, exxxiii. 3.

Ver. 12. The brazen altar was thus folemnly fanclified that it might fan&ify the
offerings of the people.
Ver 19. This was a kind of peaie-efferittg, to thank God for calling them to the
office, and to klicit his affiftance iii the difcharge or it.

Rules for confecration of fr lefs ;

Before Chrift
1491.

20 Then fhalt thou kill the ram, and
1 take of his bloody and put // upon the

the righti
and blood of
Chriit, imported
that their whole
man wa .dedicated
to, ari fitted for,
thc immediatefer-
viceofGod,jf.,li.2—4, 8c 61,-1—3.
John 3. 34. Ezek.
36. 26, 27.
b Heb. 9. 22. & 10.
29. John 17. 19.
c Lev. 8. 2S, 26, zi.
&9- 14. ver. 2,3.

I Lev. 8. 23, 24. <x i.«j».v "i 111a t/iuuu,
Heb^s^'ia tip of the right ear of Aaron, and upon
tcor.i.30." the tip of the right ear of his fons, and
upon the thumb of their right hand, and
upon the great toe of their right foot, and
fprinkle the blood upon the altar round
about. 21 And thou fhalt take of the blood
'bVTfcpi that is upon the altar, and of a the anoint -
frJ^King inS ou' ancl fprinkle it upon Aaron, and
s upon his garments, and upon his fons,
and upon, the garments of his fons with
him: and he fhall be b hallowed, and; Jiis
garments, and his fons, , and his fons'
garments, with him.
22 c Alfo thou fhalt take of the ram
fhe fat and the rump, and the fat that
covereth the inwards, and the caul above
the liver, and the two kidneys, and the
fat that is upon them, and the right
fhoulder ; for it is a ram of confecration :
23 And one loaf of bread, and one
cake of oiled bread, and one wafer out of
the bafket of the unleavened bread that is
before the Lord :
24 And thou fhalt put all in the hands
of Aaron, and in the hands of his fons ;
%*£«<* and flialt d wave them for a wave-offering

Before Chrift
1491.

C H A P. XXIX. oblations, fprinklings, &c
fons' by a ftatute for ever from the chil
dren cf Ifrael ; for it is an heave-offering :
and it fliall be an heave -offering from the
children of Ifrael of the facrifice of their
peace-offerings, even their heave-offering
unto the Lord.
29 And * the holy garments of Aaron
fhall be his fons' after him, to be k anoint
ed therein, and to be confecrated in
them. 30 And * that fon that is prieft in his
ftead fhall put them on l {even days,
when he cometh into the tabernacle of
the congregation to. minifter in, the holy
place.
31 And thou 'm fhalt take the ram of
the confecration, and feethe his flefh in
the holy place.
32 *And Aaron and his fons fliall n eat
the flefh of the ram, and the bread that
is in the bafket, by the door of the taber-

i Ver. 5,6. ch. 28.2
— ; 1. 8c 39. 1—26.
Lev. 8. 7. 8c 16.
24.
k Ch. 30. 36. Sc 40.
15. Num. 18.8. &
35. 25. & 20. 28.
Heb. 2. 10. z Cor.
5. 21.
* Heb. he of his font.
1 Num. ,20. 28. Heb.
7. 26. John 8. 29.
PhiL 2. 8. Luke
I- 74) 7S-

Lev. 8.31. Sc 10. ij
—15. & 24. 9.

nLev. 8.31. & 7.1$,
16. Mat. 12. j.
John 4. 34. Gal. 2.
20. John 6.-53—
57-

nacle of the congregation.
22 An(l they fhall eat
wherewith the atonement was

things

* Heb
fro. Lev. 8.

Num. I. 51. 8c 7.
ic , 38. & 16. 40. OS
18. 4, 7.
p Ch. 12, 10. Sc 16.
19. Lev. 7. 18, 19.

i.m.&Vo'.h'& before the, Lord.
14. 11, 14. & 7.
30. & 23, 20.
Num. 6. 20.

e Lev. 8. 28. & 1. 9,
13, 17. Pf. 22. 13,
14- II- 53- 4- 5- Sc
42.21. Eph. 5, 2. '

£ Lev. 8.29. & 7.
34- ver. 28. tt
99-6.

.'4,

£ Lev. 7. 30-32.
Num. ,15. ig, 20.
Sc 18. 19,26,27,
28, 32. & 31.20,
.41- Deut. 12. 6. &

Ii Lev. 7. 30— 34. fee
ver. 27.

25 And thou fhalt receive them of their
hands, and e burn them upon the altar for
a burnt-offering, for a fweet favour
before the Lord : it is an offering made
by fire unto the Lord.
26 And thou fhalt take the breaft of
the ram of Aaron's confecration, and
f wave it for a wave-offering before the
Lord : and it fhall be thy part.
27 And thou fhalt fancrify the breaft
of the wave-offering, and the fhoulder of
the E heave-offering, which is waved, and
which is heaved up, of the ram of the
confecration, even of that which is for
Aaron, and of that which is for his fons :
28 h And it fhall be Aaron's and his

thofe made, to
confecrate and to fanctify them : but a
0 ftranger fhall not eat thereof, becaufe 8 %&&££
they are holy.
34 And p if ought of the flefh of the
confecrations, or of the bread, remain
unto the morning, then thou fhalt burn
the remainder with fire ; it fhall not be
eaten, becaufe it is holy.
'25 And thus flialt thou do unto Aaron,
and to his fons, according to all things
which I have commanded thee: i feven 'Sv.T'^'37"
days fhalt thou confecrate them.
36 And thou fhalt r offer every day a r^£,!\^¥-f:
bullock for a fin-offering for atonement :
and thou flialt c.Jeanfe the altar when
thou haft made an atonement for it, and
thou' flialt s anoint it to fanctify it
2 j Seven days thou fhalt make an
atonement for the altar, and fanctify
it ; and it fhall be an altar ' moft holy :
whatfoever toucheth the altar -fhall be
holy.

V er. 24. Wmie-effer'mgs were either tofied from one hand to another, or fliaken
to and fro, towards the feveral quarters of the world, to denote, (1) God's dominion
over all places and people ; (2) the extenfive virtue of Chrift's facrifice ; (3) the ge
neral publication thereof in the gofpel ; (4) the offerers giving themfelves to God as
the univerfal fovcreign.

3I'J4, c
26. &4S- iS. Jo
17. 19. Heb,
&9. 14,

3 Ch. 30. 29. & 4*.

t Mat. 23. 19. Hajr.
2. 13. ch. 30. 29.
Heb. 7. 16. Sc 10.
10, 14. & 9. 14.
I Cor. 1. 30.

Ver. 17. The heave-vffcrinp were thrown up and caught with the hand, to denote
that thefe things were devoted to God, and received back from him, as the portion ef
the priefts who offered thera.

S 2

Daily facrifices appointed.

EXODUS.

Form and ufe ofthe altar of incenfe,.

Before arift ^g ^ £JQW j^g ^ ^fl/ Wmch thoil flialt
„ver.4z.Num.28. offer upon the altar ; u two lambs of the
, 3—6, io, 15, --

I4, p-°&V>;, firft year day by day continually.
39 The one lamb thou fhalt offer in the
morning, and the other lamb thou fhalt
offer x at even :
40 * And with the one lamb a y tenth
deal of flour mingled with the fourth
of an hin of beaten oil, and the

,19,22,25,3
34, 38. Dan. 9. 27,
& 12. 11

xCh. 12. 6. iPet.i,
20. Heb. 9. 26.

1 The annexing of
meat-offering and
dnnk-ffciing im
ported that
Chrift's oblation
of himfelf for us part
brings not only IT

JutnSfpldmal fourth part of an hin of wine/or l a drink -

^oviiionandcoin. ^^^ 41 And the other lamb thou fhalt offer
at even, and fhalt do thereto according to
the meat-offering of the morning, and
according to the drink-offering thereof,

yCh. 16. 36. Num.
28. ;.,& 15-/.

John 6. 55, 56

z Num. 15,
6. ss-

5. John

an

a Ch. 30. 8, Dan. 8.
II. &9- 21. Sc 12.
11. Heb. 13. 8. &
10. 10, 14. Gal. 2.
zo. 1

for a fweet favour,
fire unto the Lord.
42 fhis fhall be a a

offering

made by

continual burnt-

your

generations

at

offering throughout
the door of the tabernacle of the congre
gatioh before the Lord ; b where 1 will

t Ch. 25. 22. Sc 30.
38. 8c 40. 34. Lev.
I. 1. Num. 17. 4. w /- 1 1 1
LCi8r£3.9i2?h' meet you, to fpeak there unto thee.

43 ^[ And there I will meet with the
children of Ifrael, and H the tabernacle fhall
be fanctified c by my glory.
44 -And d I will fan&ify the taber-
'lf"intf. nacle of the congregation, and the altar:
I will fanctify alfo both Aaron and his
fons, to minifter to me in the prieft's
office. :
45 e And I will dwell among the chil
dren of Ifrael, and will be their God.
46 f And they fhall know that I amthe
*-.%.**£'&. 1&. Lord their God, that brought them forth
33.29. & 34. 27. ' o

|| Or, Ifrael.
c Ch. 40. 34—38.
Num. 9. 15 — 22.
I Kin. 8. 10. If, 6,
I, 3. & 60. 3.

Rev. 1. 5,
is. 8. iThei. 5.13.

eLev. 26. ra. 2 Cor.
6.16. ch.-»5. 8. Pf.'
78.60. Rev. 21. '3.
Zech. 2. 10. 8c 13.
9. 2 Cor. 5. 19.
John 14. 21 — 24.

&3°-3«-&39-aj- out of the

2 Ch. 20. 2. Pf. 50. 1 ii
* 7- & 81.10. jer. dwell
, 30- 22. &31. 33. .- .
iS:.;*.31'38" their God

among

land of
them

Egypt* I am

that the

I may
Lord

CHAP. XXX.

Before Chrift
149 1.

Here Mofes is further inftrutled concerning, ( 1 ) The.
altar of incenfe, its fituation and ufe; 1 — 10. (2)
The half-fhekel of ranfom-money required for the ufe
of the tabernacle ; 11 — 16. (3) The lav er which
flood beftde the brazen altar for the priefts to wafh in ;
17 — 21. (4) The making and ufe of the anointing
oil; 22-— 33. (5) The incenfe and perfume to be
burnt on the golden altar ; 34 — 38.

A]

a arr altar to
of b fliittim-

aCh. 37.25— 28. &
40. 5. 1 Kin. 7. 48.
ver. 10. Lev. 4. 7,
18. Rev. 8.3. Pf!
141. 2. John 16.
23. 2 Chr. 30. 27.
blf. 41.19. Num. 25.
1. Ch. 25.3,10,2;.
& 17. 1. & 30. 1.
£ ;. e. near twenty-
two inches.

ND thou flialt make
burn incenfe upon ;
wood fhalt thou make it.
2 A * cubit fhall be the length thereof,
and'* a cubit the breadth thereof; four-
fquare fhall it be; and two cubits fhall be
the* height thereof: the horns thereof
fhall be of the fame.
• 3 And thou fhalt. overlay c it with '&#£&,.
pure gold, the * top thereof, and the.*^;*
+ fides thereof roundabout, and the horns THeb.™»f.
thereof; and thou fhalt make unto it a dOr, <orw«,Heb. 2.
And e~two golden rings fhalt thou rVi9;»: '"'
, . e Ch. 25. 12, 26. Sc
by tne- 27.4.^9.15.

JHeb.riJi.

AGs 9. 15. Eph. J.
8. iThef. 3. 1.

d crown of gold round about.
4 And e t„ ..
make to it under the crown of it, r s ,,,.,
two + corners thereof; upon the two fides** v-**™-*1-
of it flialt thou make //: and they fhall *H
be for places for the ftaves to f bear it
withal. 5 And thou fhalt make the g ftaves qfsc\>.zS.,i,z?.!c
fhittim-wood, and overlay them with
gold. 6 And thou fhalt put it h before the *<££&$.*•
vail that is by the ark of the teftimony,
before s the mercy-feat that is over theiCh-*J-,7.«.«-
teftimony, where I will meet with thee.
And Aaron fhall burn thereon k Heb. •»»/». //,«<.
. . Luke 1. 9. Rev. 8-
wnpn n'p 3.pf. 141-2- Jam.
WllCil ilC 5,,6.Johni6.J3-

7
fweet incenfe every morning ;

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — Through thefe dark fha-
dows of good things to come, thefe warnings, arrayings, oblations,
and unctions,. I look: to Jefus and his ranfomed offspring. I fee
"his folemn call to his work, and theirs to their ftation. The infi-,
nite purity of his Godhead; the perfect hoiinefs of his manhood;
the complete humanity which he aflumed ; the extenfive office
which he undertook ; the humble obedience which he fulfilled ;
the unbounded influences of the Holy. Ghoft which he received;
fully qualified him to .offer himfelf in his death, and to make conti
nual interceffion for us. Predeftinated before the foundation of
the world, promifed and typified at the fall, and manifefted in the
evening and end of the woad, to put away fin by the facrifice of
himfelf, he is the daily, the continued, falvation, provifion, and con-
fort, of our fouls ; and, as reconciled in him, God dwells with and
bleifes us with all fpiritual bleffings. — Let none then approach to

the facred miniftry without being wafhed in Jefus' blood, regene
rated by his Spirit, endowed with his gifts and graces, and, at the
fame time, ufing due care and deliberation to prepare for their aw
ful work. In the exercife of that miniftry let them daily exhibit
Jefus as the atonement, food, and confolation, of finners ; fo fhall
God be prefent in his ordinances, and blefs the attenders. — Let
every Chriftian likewife, -as a redeemed prieft unto God, always
improve Jefus as made of God unto him wifdom, righteoufnefs,
fan&ification, and redemption ; that, being purged in his atoning
blood, clothed with his imputed righteoufnefs, and endowed with
his Spirit, he may daily live by faith on the Son of God, and offer
up the fpiritual facrifices of prayer, praife., .and, good worjjs ; nay,
his whole felf, as acceptable to God through him;, afid let him
conftantly hold fellowfhip with a fan&ifying God as his God, and
his all in ALL".

Ranfom-money ; facred laver, and its ufe.
1 dreffeth the lamps he fhall burn incenfe

CHAP. XXX.

Sacred oil for anointing firiefis, &c.

Before Chrift
149 r-
ICh. 27. 11. Lev. 24,
3, 4. Num. 8. 2, 3.
I Sam. 3. 3.
4 Or, fitteth up.
|| Heb. caufeth »
ezfcend.

upon it.
8 And when Aaron § " lighteth the
lamps at even he fhall burn incenfe
upon it, m a perpetual incenfe before the

"ttrh^™: Lord throughout your generations.

8, 34.

11 Ver. 34—36. Lev.
i, ii. Gal. 1. 8, 9.

• Lev. 16. 18,21

Lev. 16. 18, 29, 30. T —
Sc 23. 27. Num. ¦*¦ ^-*

9 Ye fhall offer n no ftrange
thereon, nor burnt-facrifice
offering ; neither fhall
offering thereon.
And Aaron

ye

incenfe
nor meat-
pour drink -

fhall ° make an atone-

H?b7'iR30.&9:II; ment upon the horns of it once in a year
-offering fhall

14. *°.

f Ch. 38. 15, 16.
Num. i. xxvi. &
31. 50.
* Heb. them that are
lo be numbered.
«1 Ver. 13. 2 Kin. IT.
16. 2 Chr. 24. 6.
¦ lTim. 2. 6. Mat.
SO. 28.

r z Sam. 24. 9, ie.
¦ 1 Chr. 21. 1—15.
' & 27. 24.
sC-.-n.1j.T5. 1 Chr.
23.29. Mat. 17, 24.

10, 12.
* A ihekel is
twenty.feven
pence three far
things.

among

with the blood of the fin-offering of
atonements : once in the year fhall he
make atonement upon it throughout your
generations : it is moft holy unto the
Lord. -i 1 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 2 p When thou takeft the fum of the
children of Ifrael after * their number,
then fhall they give every man a q ranfom
for his foul unto the Lord, when thou
numbereft them ; that there be no plague
rthem when thou numbereft them.
13 This they fhall give, every one that
pafleth among them that are numbered5 ;
'lySr half a fhekel after the fhekel ofthe fanc
tuary ; (a fhekel * is twenty gerahs ;) an
half-fhekel fhall be the offering of the
Lord. 14 Every one that paffeth among them
that are numbered, from twenty years
old and above, fhall give an
unto the Lord.
1 5 ' The rich + fhall not give more',
and "the poor fhall not * give lefs, than
half a fhekel, when they give an offering
unto the Lord, to make an atonement
for your fouls.
16 And thou fhalt take the atonement-
money of the children of Ifrael, and fhalt
appoint it for uthe fervice ofthe tabernacle
of the congregation ; that it may be a
x ch. a. 12,29. & x memorial unto the children of Ifrael
39. 7. Lev. 2. g. 16.
i^.'Num^o5.'* before the Lord, to make an atonement
&„.«.«.b.6. fof your fouls#
1 7 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
yCh. 38. 8.1 Kin .7. r •
23-39. * chr. \. laying,
2—0, 14,15. Zech. *' O
S&.'&SliZ: J8 Thou fhalt alfo make \ a laver of

offering

t Job 34^19. Gal. 3,
28. Col. 3, 11.
f Heb. multiply.
} Heb.' diminifb.

xt Ch. 38. 27, 18.

brafs, and his foot alfo of brafs, to wafh
withal? and thou fhalt put it. between
the tabernacle of the congregation and
the altar, and thou fhalt put water
therein :
1 9 For Aaron and his fons fhall * wafh
their hands and their feet thereat :
20 a When they go into the tabernacle
of the congregation; they fhall wafh
with water, that they die not ; or when
they come near to the altar to minifter,
to burn offering made by fire' unto the
Lord: 21 So they fhall wafh their hands and
their feet, that they die not : and it fhall
be a ftatute b for ever to. them, even to
him and to his feed throughout their

Before Chrift.
1 491.

zRev. 4.6. &15.2.
& 1. 5. Pf- 26. 6.
Til. 3.5. John 13.
8, 10. Heb. 10. 22.
If. si. 11, 1 j.
a Lev. 10. 1, 3. ch.
12.15. Heb. 12. 28,
29. Pf. 89. 7. Eccl.
S. 1. fee ver. 19.

b While the cere-
monial difpenfa-
tion lalts, ch. 12,
14,17. &27.41.&
28. 43. Lev. 6. 18.
8c 10. 9. & 17. 7.
8c 23. 14, 21, j 1,
41- Lev. 7. u, 36.
&10.15.&16.3I.Num. 18. 11, 19,
23. 8c 10. io.
c Pf. 4S. 8. Song 1.
13. & 4. 14. Ezek.
2,7. 19, 22.
* Near fixteen
pounds averdtt-
poife.

generations. «22 f Moreover the Lord fpake unto
Mofes, faying,
23 Take thou alfo unto thee c principal
fpices, of pure myrrh * five hundred
fhekels, and of fweet cinnamon half fo
much, even two hundred and fifty fhekels,
and of fweet calamus two hundred and
fifty fhekels,
24 And of cafiia five hundred fhekels,
after the fhekel of the fanftuary, and of
oil- olive an d hin :
25 And thou fhalt make it an oil of
holy ointment, an ointment compound
after the art of the e apothecary : it fhall
be an f holy anointing oil.
26 And thou fhalt s anoint the taber
nacle of the congregation therewith, and
the ark of the teftimony,
27 And the table and all his veffels,
and the candleftick and his veflels, and
the altar of incenfe,
28 And the altar of burnt-offering
with all his veffels, and the laver and his
foot: 29 And thou fhalt fanctify them, that
they may be moft holy; h whatfoever h<,j: &£•"**
toucheth them fhall be holy.
30 And thou fhalt ' anoint Aaron and
his fons, and confectate them, that they
may minifter unto me in the prieft's
office. 3,1 And thou fhalt fpeak unto the chil

li Ch. 20. 40. Lev.19.
36. & 23. 13.
Num. 15. 4, 5, 6,
9. & 28. 14. Ezek.
4- ll- & 45. 14. «s
46. S, 7, II, 14.
about fix pints.
e Or, perfumer^
-.' I Chr. 9, 30.
f I John 2. 20, 27.
Mat. 25, 4, Rom.
8.9.
gLcv.8.io.Num.7. 10. If. 61. 1. Joha
3. 34. Afts 10. 38.
Pi. 45. 7, 8. Song
\. 6. 2 Cor. r. zi,
21. Zech. 13. 10.
Ezck.36. 27. Joha
14. 26. Sc 15. 26,
& 16.9— 14,

Mat. 7. fi.
i Ch, 4a ,5. Lev. 4.
3. 5,16. &M. 12, 30.
£c 16 32. Sc 21.10.
ch. 29. 7, Sec, H.
j 1. 2, 3. & 6r. 1.
John 3. 34. Ezek.
36 27. tf. 45. 7.
fr ci£ 3.6. iCur t.
21,, 21, kvYcr.16.

Incenfe for the golden dltat^

EXODU^ Bezaleel and Jholiab called and fumifhea\

Before Chrift
149 1.

1c I-ev. 2T. to. Mat.
7.6. Jude 19.
IVe ¦ 33,37,38-
] Kir.. 12. 31—33.
Mat. 15.9. iTim.
3'5-

in Not a priori, T^ev.
22. io, 12, 13.
Num. 1. 51. 8c 3.
10. Sc 18. 4,7.
11 See ver. 38. Gen.
>'/-. 14. job 34. 19,

o'Ch.2;. 6. & 37.29,
Sons 3.6. Rev. H.
3. Heb. 7.25. •
JJieb. fatted.

p Lev. 16. 12. Heb,
5. 7. Hof. S. 15.
Pf. Si. 17.
<j Ver. 6.

r Ch. 25. 22. 8c 29
37, 42. Lev. 1. 1.
& 16. 2. 2 Cor. 5.
19.

.-s Ver. 32, 33.

t Gen. 17.14. eh. 31.
14. Lev. 7.20 — 27.
& ,7. 4, 9. & 19.
8. &.2J. 29. &
xviii. xx. Num.
15. jo, 31. & 19.
13,2a

dren of Ifrael, faying, This fhall be an
holy anointing oil unto me throughout
your generations.
32 Upon man's k flefh fhall it not be
poured, l neither fhall ye make any other
like it, after the composition of it :- it is
holy, and it fhall be holy unto you.
22 Whofoever compoundeth any like
it, or whofoever putteth any of it upon a
m ftranger", fhall even be cut off from his
people". 34 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Take unto thee fweet fpices, ftacle, and
onycha, and galbanum ; thefe fweet fpices
with pure frankincenfe : of each fhall
there be a like weight:
25 And thou fhalt make it a ° perfume,
a confection after the art of the apothe
cary, § tempered together, pure and
holy :
36 And thou fhalt p heat fome of it very
fmall, and put of it i before the teftimony
in the tabernacle of the congregation,
where r I will meet with thee : it fhall be
unto you moft holy.
3 7 And as for the perfume which thou
fhalt make, s ye fhall not make to your
felves according to the compofition there
of: it fhall be unto thee holy for the
Lord. 38 Whofoever fhall make like unto
that, to fmell thereto, fhall even ' be cut
off from his people.
CHAP. XXXI.
Here, (i) God appoints what particular workmen fhould
be employed in the eretlion and furnifhing of his ta
bernacle; 1 — :n. (2) He repeats the law ofthe
fabbath, andthe religious obfervation of it; 12 — 17.
(3) After forty days conference, he difmififes Mofes,

Before Chrift
1491.

iChr.2.20.ch. it,
30. Mat. 9. S8.
Heb. 5.4,5.

'with the two tables of the moral law divinely in
fer ibed ; 18.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 See, I have a called by name Beza-
leel the fon of Uri, the fon ©f Hur, ofthe
tribe of Judah :
3 And I have b filled him with the ™&£j*.p
fpirit of God in wifdom, and in under- e^Vs^!*'4,
ftanding, and in knowledge, and in all
manner of workmanfhip,
4 To c devife cunning works, to work e £;«•"• ,c«-
in gold, and in filver, and in brafs,
5 And in d cutting of ftones to fet them, '**''¦*»
and in carving of timber, to work in all
manner of workmanfhip.
6 And I, behold, I have given e with •£•*&?¦**
him Aholiab the fon of Ahifamach, ofthe
tribe of Dan ; and in the hearts of all
that are f wife-hearted I have put wifdom, f ™!sj.,0-&56-r'
that they may make s all that I have's ch.xx*
commanded thee :
7 The h tabernacle of the

zra 5. i, 2.
Mat.i:, 2,3. Luke)'
10. 1. Afls 13. 2.
Eccl. 4 9.

congrega-
tion, and the ark of the teftimony,
and the mercy-feat that is thereupon,
and all the * furniture of the taber
nacle, 8 And the ' table and his furniture
and the pure candleftick. with all his
furniture, and the altar of incenfe,
9 And the k altar of burnt-offering
and the laver and

with all his furniture,
his foot,
10 And the l clothes of fervice, and
the holy garments for Aaron the prieft,
and the garments pf his fons, to minifter
in the prieft's office,
1 1 And ra the anointing oil, and fweet mu-$87s%
incenfe for the holy place : according to l«.V

¦xxxi.
xxxv— xl. vl- 7— .
ll.ch.35. 13 — 19.
* 39- 3i-4i. &
iO. 2-rj. ,71-33.
Nun.?. 25,31,36;
37. & lv.
h Ch. 35. it, I;. 8c
39' 33—35- Sc 40.
2, 3,17— 2,. &27.
9— !•-. &25. 10—
22. 8c xxxvi —
xxxix, xxvi.
Nam. 3. 25—37.
*Heu. veffels.
i Ch. 25. 23—40. &
30. !— 13. u 37.
10—29.^35.13—15- & 39- 36, 37,
38. & 40. 2, 4, 22
— 27. Num. 3. 31.
kCh.27.1— 8.&30.
17—21. & 38. 1—
8. &35- 16. &39,
39. Sc 40. 6, 7, 29,
30. Num. 3.31. *
4. 13.
1 Ch. xxviii. xxxix.
Num. 4. 6. cii. 35.
19. & 39. 41. 8c
40. 13, 14. Lcf. 8. ¦
7, 8, 9. 13.

& 39. 38. & 37. 9.
" 10—12.

Reflections upon Chap. XXX. — In this golden altar furely
I difcern Jefus, the God-man, crowned with glory and honour,
and fet down at the right hand of the Majefty on high, as the great
Interceflor for his people, and the mean of the acceptance of all
their prayers, praifes, and religious fervices ! In this ranfom-money
was not Jefus prefigured as giving himfelf equally for every one of
his numbered, his chofen people, that no plague may be found
anion"- them ! In this laver was not Jefus typified as the fountain
opened for fin and for uncleannefs, in which all his people a#d mi
nifters ought to wafh their confeience and heart before and after
every approach to God ! In this facred oil I behold the Holy
Ghoft in his precious and manifold, but well-connecled, gifts and
graces, with which Jefus, his people, his ordinances, and none elfe,

are anointed of God ! In this facred incenfe I difcern the precious (
and acceptable interceflions of my Redeemer, together with the
cordial prayers, praifes, and fervices, of his people. Let me then,
by faith, depend on his advocacy, fince he prefents his infinite me
rits before God, anfwerable to the circumftances of every particu
lar member of his myftical body. Let all the Ifrael of God reft and
rejoice in him as the redemption-price to the juftice of God, while
we daily wafh in the fountain of his blood and Spirit, till we be
without fpot or wrinkle, or any fuch thing : and let the genuine
fpirit and grace of Chrift dwell in us, and not the counterfeit
appearance ; for dreadful is the hazard of turning his grace into
licentioufnefs, pretending the poflefBon of the Spirit, or counter
feiting the work of God J

Z,aw of the fabbath repeated.

CHAP. XXXII. Ifraelites make and worfhip a golden-caf.

Before Chrifl
149 1.

nCh.2o.8,io.&2;. 11— 17- ver- '4— '
17, Ezek. 20. 12,
20. Dear. 5. 15.
Xxi. 19. }, 3°- Sc
26. 2. xxiii.xxv.
' Nura.xxviii.xxix.

oCh.10.8. If.56.24.
6.&5^- 13- Ucnt.
5. 12, 14- Ezek-
20. 12. Num. 15-
32—36. ch. 35.2.
Neh. 9. 14- ver. 15-

p Ch. 30. 38.

-\ Gen. 21. 2. ch. 16.
23. &20. 8— II.

r Heb. holine "s,
ch. 28. 36.

5 Gen. 17. 7, 10, 11,
13. ch. 12. 14, 17.

t See Gen. 1. 1 — 31.
& 2. i, 2. ch. 20.
11. &23- 12. Heb.
4, 10.

* Took pleafure and
delight in viewing
his works, Pf.
104. 31. Gen. 1. 31.
X Ch. : (. 18. Deut.
9. 9, II.
y Ch. 25. zi. Deut.
5. 22. Sc 9. 10. ch.
24. rz. & 32. 16.
Sc 34. 1, 4. Ezek.
II. 19. 2 Cor. 3-3r
SCh.8. 19.&32.16.
Jer. 3 r. 33, 2 Cor.
.3- 7, 8.

all that I have commanded thee fliall
they do.
12 5f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 13 Speak thou alfo unto the children
of Ifrael, faying, Verily n my fabbaths ye
fhall keep : for it is a fign between me
and you throughout your generations ;
that ye may know that I am the Lord
that doth fan&ify you.
14 "Ye fhall keep the fabbath there
fore ; for it is holy unto you : every one
that defileth it fhall furely -be put to
death: for whofoever doth any work
therein, that foul fhall be p cut' off from
among his people.
15 1 Six days may work be done; but
in the feventh is the fabbath of reft,
r holy to the Lord : whofoever doth any
work in the fabbath-day, he fhall furely
be put to death.
16 Wherefore the children of Ifrael
fhall keep the fabbath, to obferve the
fabbath throughout their generations, for
s a perpetual covenant.
17 It is a fign between me and the
children of Ifrael for ever: for x in fix
days the Lord made heaven and earth ;
and on the feventh day he refted, and
was u refrefhed.
1 8 5[ And he gave unto Mofes, when
he had made an x end of communing with
him upon mount Sinai, ytwo tables of
teftimony, tables of ftone, written with
the z finger of God.
CHAP. XXXII.
Exhibits a moft Jhocking interruption of God's favours,
and a delay of the erection of the tabernacle, by Ifi-

' Before Chrift
149 1.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXI. — Nothing, even of natu
ral excellency, but cometh from God. How eafily and completely
he can furnjfn his inftruments for whatever fervice he calls them
tq; and therefore with courage and comfort may fuch as have
once his call venture on the hardeft work ! But commonly we may
obferve, for the honour of '-'Thrift, who needed no affiftant, and
efpecially for the comfort of his fervants, God fends forth his. noted
agents by- twos! Great is the danger of fabbath-profanation :
and yet how much are men difpofed to it, efpecially if they can
pretend the facrednefs or the' neceffity of their work as an excufe !
What exalted account God makes of Jefus Chrift and his church !

Chap. XXXI. Ver. 15. Notwithftanding the work of the tabernacle wis holy,
and to be fpeedily and diligently done, yet nothing of it muft bedone on the fabbath-
day.— ¦The. fabbath was a fign of Cod's acknowledging them for his people ; and their

rat? s fin. ( i ) Weary of waiting for the promifed
land, for Mofes' return from the mount, and for an ¦
inftitution of ceremonial worfhip among them, they
make and worfhip a golden calf; I — 6. (z) Inti
mating their wickednefis to Mofes, God threatens ut
terly to deftroy them; but Mofes intercedes for them;.
7 — 14. (2) R.turned from the mount, he obfierves
their crime ; and, in deteftation of it, breaks the ta
bles of the law which he had brought with him, and'
burns their idol-calf '; 15 — 20. (4) After examin
ing Aaron concerning his part therein, he orders the
ringleaders in guilt to be flain by the faithful Le
vites ; 21 — '2g. (5) Upon Mofes' further inter
ceffion, God grants the Hebrews a reprieve, but de
nounces an after-reckoning with them; 30 — 35.

N D, when the a people faw that a^%rXr:
Mofes b delayed to come down out b £J;gg; ?• »*"•¦
of the mount, the people gathered them
felves together unto Aaron, and faid unto
him, cUp, make us gods which' fhall go 'f^-fl
before us; for as for this Mofes, the
man that brought us up out of the land
of Egypt, we know not what is become
of him.
2 And Aaron faid unto them, Break
off d the golden earrings which are in the
ears of your wives, of your fons, and of

3,4, 9, 11, 13.
Ezek. 20. 7, 8. ch*.
20. 3, 4. They
wanted a vifiblc
repreientaticn uf
God; ar.d it was
made in the form
of a calf or ox, in
imitation ofthe
Egyptians, who,
for many ages,
worfhipped one of
thefe anirnals for
a deity.

d Ch. 12. 35, 36.

your daughters, and bring 'them unto f"k> l6' "' "*

me.

e If. 46. 6. Hof. 2. 8.

f 1 Kin. 12 28. Pi",
¦21. Neh.
in. 1. 23.

2 And e all the people. brake off the '*&*«£?
golden earrings which were in their ears,
and brought them unto Aaron.
4. f And he received them at their hand, ''^"iA
and fafhioned it with a graving tool, after %?;FJ-f%
he had made it a molten calf*': and • Tiwcaifwa.in.-
^_^ - tended, not as a
they faid, Thefe be thy gods, O Ifrael,. ^EiS*
which brought thee up out of the land of JhU0VAH-
Egypt. 5 And when Aaron faw it s he- built zlXfXlV4izl
an altar before it ; and Aaron made .

He, who fpent but fix days in creating a world, fpends forty in pre
scribing a typical reprefentation of thofe- But the moft remark
able viiits o£ God to men upon earth quickly come to an end ;
though he wifely frames every thing > about his ordinances fo as
that it may be inftruitive and comforting. In thefe typical archi
tects I may therefore behold Jefus, called of God to finifh a work
of redemption, and rear up a gofpel-church. — Jefus, qualified of
God,, by the unmeafured unition of the fpirit of wifdom and un
derftanding, the fpirit of counfel and might, to fulfil the .arduous
tafk, and actually completing his defign, to his own glory and the
falvation of his people.

obfenration of it was afign of their acknowledging him for their God, Creator, Re
deemer, and Sanilifier.
Ver. 20. "the ftony matter of thefe tables marked the perpetual ob'igation ofthe moral
law, and the hardnefs of friend hearts, in which the Spirit of God Jone can write it.

EXODUS,

Before Ch; ill
'49'-
h Eccl. 8. n. Prov
4. 16.
i Afts7. 4t.Lcv. 17
7. I Cor. 10. 7.
ver. it, 19.

o-morrow is

k Pent. 9. 8, 12. Sc
31. 5. Gen. 6. 11—
13.. ch. 33. 1. God,
as it h ere, re
nounce? Iiis rela-

God threatens to defroy Ifrael.
proclamation,- and faid,
a feaft to the Lord.
6 And ' they rofe up early on the
morrow, and offered burnt-offerings, and
brought peace-offerings : and the people
fat down to eat and to drink, and rofe
up to play.
7 ^[ And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
k Go, get thee down ; for thy people,
which thou brou ahteft out of the land of
c*t.w,i,"'1 Egypt, have corrupted themfelves:
K£S 8 l They have turned afide quickly out
folicitadcfor their /* 1 1 • 1 T ill
preservation and of the way which 1 commanded them :
welfare. J
j pr.ic6.,3.cn. i9. they have made them a molten calf, and
have worfhipped it, and have facrificed
thereunto, and faid, Thefe be thy gods,
O Ifrael, which have brpught thee up
out of the land of Egypt.
9 And the Lord faid unto Mofes, m I
p°'ov'6i9&',!Vf.,4s. have feen this people, and behold it is a
4. Jer. 7. 26. & 16. rt-rr 1 J 1 '
*>• 43, ltiff-necked people :
1. 17, 29. i r
1 o Now therefore n let me alone, that
seen. 32.26. Nora, my wrath may wax hot atrainft them,
14. II, 12. Ezek.. J ./ 4 . O '
&'..°;4J.eDeut.,9.' ana tnat I may confume them : and I will
make of thee a great nation.
11 % ° And Mofes befought * the Lord
his God, and faid, Lord, why doth thy
wrath wax hot againft thy people, which
thou haft brought forth out of the land
of Egypt with great power, and with a
mighty hand ?
1 2 p Wherefore fhould the Egyptians
fpeak, and fay, For mifchief did he bring
them out, to flay them in the mountains,
and to confume them from the face of
the earth ? Turn from thy fierce wrath,
and q repent of this evil againft thy people.
13 r Remember Abraham, Ifaac, and
.'i92.177.'&'i|. Ifrael, thy fervants, to whom thou fwareft
!' ,8'& ivi£ ^7 thine own felf, and faidft unto them,
4l:?6.2& '&%*. I will multiply your feed as the ftars of
.seeoen. 12.7, & heaven, s and all this' land that I have
-zu'd'i-i.^A. fpoken of will I give unto your feed, and
they fhall inherit it for ever.
'^-.yf $«¦,£ 14 And the Lord ' repented of the*
ver. ,2,28. ey-j which he thought to do unto his

Mofes intercedes, and breaks the tabks-%

8. & 24. 7. ver. 4.
iKin. 12. 28. with
ch. 20.3,4.

inCh.33.3.&34,
..^fljeut. 91 6, 13,

19. Ezek.
44. Neh. g. : .,
Afts 7. 51. Hof. 4.
16. Jer. 5.3,5.

14. Sc 32. 21—24,
Mat. 3. 9, 10,
1 Pf. 106. 23. Deut.
9. 18,- 25, 26, 29.
Gen. 18. 23 — 32.
Pf, 10.1. &44.24.
' If. 64. 12.
»Heb. the fast of the
10RD.

f Nam. 14. 13—16.
Jofh. 7.9, Deut. 9,
28. Sc 32. 27.

%Ver. 14. Gen. 6. 6.
Pf. 9c. 13. & 135,
14. & 106.44,45,
Deut. 32. 36.

r Deut, Gen,
-16. &

people.

Before Chrif}
' 1491.

15 % And Mofes turned,, and u wen£
down from the mount, and the two tables u cu. 24. a. &.„£,
of x the teftimony were in his hancl: the x Tumoral ^
tables were written on both their -fides ; 2,: t\l\\%%
on the one fide and on the other were &7V5. A\l;
they written.
16 And the y tables were the work of ^e'u^!*,^4;':
God, God, l7

and the writing was the writing of

2,4.2001.3.3,7.

graven upon the tables.
And when z Jofhua heard the noife *Ch-"-9-**>i<
of the people as they fhouted, he faid
unto Moles, There is a noife of war in the
camp. 1 8 And he faid, It is not the voice of
them that fhout for maftery, neither is it
the voice of them that . cry for t being fHeb-a"^"'-s-
overcome ; but the a noife of them that
fing do I hear.
19 ^T -^nd it came to pafs, as foon as
he came nigh unto the camp, that b he
jfaw the calf, and the dancing : and
Mofes'

a Ver. 6, 19. 1 Cor.
10.7.

b Deut. 9. 1(5. Pf.
119. 53, 15S.

anger

and brake

r\ c Eph. 4. 26. Num.
waxed not, and he caft 12. 3. Mark 3. s.
Deut. 9. 17. Pf.
69, 9, & 119.
139. Ezra 9, 3.
Zech. 11. 10.
d Deut. 9. 21. & 7,
5,25. Prov, 14.14.
ver. 34. Jer. 2. 17,
19. & 4. 18. & s>
se.

the tables out of his hands,
them beneath the mount.
20 d And he took the calf which they
had made, and burnt it in the fire, and
ground it to powder, and ftrawed it
upon the water, and made, the children
of Ifrael drink of it.
21 ^f And Mofes faid unto Aaron,
What did this people unto thee, that
thou haft brought fo great a fin upon
them ?
22 And Aaron faid, Let not the anger
of my lord wax hot : thou knoweft the
people, that they e are fet on mifchief.
23 f For they faid unto me, Make us
gods who fhall go before us : for as for
this Mofes, the man that brought us up
out of the land of Egypt, we know not
what is become of him.
24 And I faid unto them, Whofoever
hath any gold, let them break it off. So
they gave // me : then I caft it into the
fire, and s there came out this calf.
25 f And when Mofes faw that the
people were h naked, (for Aaron had made

e 1 Sam. 15. 24.
ijohn, 5.19. Prov.
4. 16. Pf. 36. 4.
Jer, 17. 9. Acts 7«
40.
f Ver. 1—4, %.

g Col. 3, 9. Zech. *.
r6. Gcn.3. n, 13,
lee ver. 3, -..
h Ch. 31. 4, 5. Gea.
3. 10. iChr. 28.19.
Rev. 3. 18. & 16-
15-

CHAr. XXXII. Ver. 9. Stiff-necked fignifies ftubborn and difobedient, like unruly
,»r unbroken bullocks, that will not fubmit their neck to the yoke.
Ver. 19. Moles brake the tables, not in rage, but in holy zeal, to mark that their

fin might juftly provoke God to give up his covenant-relation to them, and deprive
them of his precious laws.
Ver. 25, They were deprived of their innocenty, and of the favour and prateftioa

Mofes obtains a reconcilement

Before Chrift
'49'-
iHom. 6.'2i.
23,24.

CHAP fhame

among

them naked unto their
&T + their enemies,)
, i^ethatro;, 26 Tnen Mofes flood in the gate of
kr,Cif/'T the camP' and feid' k wh° i$ °n the
Lord's fide? lei him come unto me. And
"S&S&t1 all the fons of Levi gathered themfelves

XXXII. XXXIII. between God and the Ifraelites.
thee, out of thy book which thou haft
written. 22 If And the Lord faid unto Mofes,

Before Chrift
149 1.

:r

together unto him.

Num. 25, 5.

every

27 And he faid unto them, Thus faith
the Lord God of Ifrael, Put every man
his fword by his fide, and go in and out
from gate to gate throughout the camp,
*^!'v,!r.%&J3' and flay every man m his brother, and
even- man his companion, and
man his neighbour.
28 And the children of Levi did ac
cording to the word of Mofes : and there
fell of the people that day about three
thoufand n men.
29 J' For Mofes had faid, § ° Confecrate
j!oRD'ilu}Jh' youiielves to-day to the Lord, even
*zi$?k ev-ery man upon his fon, and upon his
tye'tbZt&'f1"' brother ; that he may beftow upon you
tm,.fu,ourh*nd,. a bleffing this day.
* pro^yScut. 30 ^f And it came to pafs on the mor-
toizecLy"'. ' row that Mofes faid unto the people, Ye
have finned a great fin : and now I will
'SS!',! v g° UP unt0 the Lord ; peradventure I
.2.Amo,'5.is. fhaii make an atonement for your fin.
^ 9. ;».4' 1 ' Dout' 3 1 And Mofes q returned unto the
'%":£:pI'zzs.™: Lord, and faid, Oh, this people have
«u»m. 14. 19. Luke finned T a great fin, and have made them

11 Ring-Ieadere ia
fin, vor. 30.
1 Or, Ani Mofes faid,
Consecrate jour-

23. 34.

-.:¦¦ Gen. 7. gClds of gold.

4. Deut. 9. 14.
25. 19. Sc 29. 20. 52
Rom. 9. 3. Ezek. -?
$"0 4'3' tn^11'

Yet s now, if thou wilt,
fin : and if not, ' blot me,

forgive I pray

Reflections upon Chap. XXXII. — It is highly neceffary
that magiftrates and minifters fhould attend to their charges clofely,
left their abfence occafion mifchief: for thofe, who reckon God's
counfels flow, readily rufh headlong into ruin by their own; and
moft men are much readier to ferve the devil than God, and -to fa
crifice one luft, pride itfelf not excepted, for the promoting of an
other ftill more fo'ttifh arid abfurd. Yea, even after the moft folemn
tranfactions with God, men quickly and fearfully ftumble into fin;
and the choiceft faints are too apt to follow a multitude to do evil.
But furely it is highly fhameful when profefled Chriftians imitate
thefe^ idolaters in their mad revelling and mirth i All our wicked
nefs is obvious and odious before God. And let profeflbrs of the
true religion beware how they fo corrupt themfelves, left God
beafhamed to acknowledge them as his people ! What a mercy
.is it Tor a guilty nation when they have powerful interceftbrs at

u Whofoever hath finned againft me, him "J^tc4-'.^;
will I blot out of my book.
34 Therefore now x go, lead the people "ai59'1'2' chI5'
unto the place of which I have fpoken
unto thee : behold, mine angel fhall go
before thee ; neverthelefs, in the day
when I vifit I will y vifit their fin upon >r£h2M'£ *"•£
fr-|f=>m b.\%.'tcz\.z.\js.i.
LI1CII1. ,8. is. pf. 9) r.
25 And the Lord plagued the people, B.!iL"i|:'
becaufe they z made the calf which Aaron *->-p'a'- 'j-21-'
1 z 2 Sam. 12, 9. A-fls
mafle. 7.42.icever,i — c.-
CHAP. XXXIII.
Here, ( i ) To the grief and humiliation of Ifrael, God
refufes to attend them to Canaan, but offers them an
angel for their guide; 1 — 6. (2) By means of the
interceffions of Mofes and his attendants at the new
tent, the correfpondence between God and the people
is renewed, he manifefting his ghry to them, and they
worfhipping him; 7— IO. (3) By earneft fupplica-
tion, perhaps of forty days continuance, (Deut. ix. 18,
25. ) Mofes obtains a promifes of God's prefence with
the people, and a noted manifeft ation of his glory for
himfelf; II — 23.
N D the Lord faid unto Mofes,
'Depart, and go up hence, thou ach. 3^34, &x;i.
and the people which thou haft brought
up out of the land of Egypt, unto the
land which I b fware unto Abraham, to " %?&?:£ 11;
Ifaac, and to Tacob, fayin°;, Unto thy KS.8ii-is!'-£
leed will 1 give it :
2 c And I will fend an angel before c<%;& £¦££*•
thee; and I will drive out the Canaanite, Juih' '**• "'

the throne of grace! They have to do with a gracious God, who
takes pleafure to repent himfelf of the evil. Holy zeal for God,
when prudently manifefted on proper occafions, is highly becom
ing : but backfliders in heart fhall be filled with their own ways,
and have their idols broken before their eyes. And O, what mifery
and fhame do good men bring on nations by joining them in their
wickednefs! The beft excufe which they can make for their con
duct is pitiful and abfurd ; and therefore it deeply concerns all
men, in an evil day, to know whether they be on the Lord's fide
or on that of his enemies. It is both necelTary, honourable, and
ufeful, to employ the ftrifteft impartiality in the matters of God, and'
to ufe the moft earneft interceffions with God, to avert, even for
a time, his juft vengeance from falling upon a nation which is ri-,
pened for deftruflion. And we have here the greateft encourage
ment to expeiSt a gracious anfwer to our prayers.

of their God, expofed to danger, and flamed with the reproach of inconfiancy among
their enemies.
Ver. 29. This holy fervice, for the Lord's- honour, prepared them for their facred
office. Ver. 32. God hath his htsk of unfajjing remembrance; Rev.- xx. 12; his book
Vol. I.

of fpecial providential care and regard; Pf. Ivi. S. and cxxxix. 16. and lxix. 28. and
Ixxxvii. 6; and his book of unalterable cleclion to everlafting life; Dan. xii. 1.
Luke x. 20. Phil. iv. 3. Itev. iii. 5. and xiii. S. and xx. 12. — Mof-s does not here
wifn that he might be reprobated., accur.ed, or damned, rather than his people ihould
perilh ; but refufes to furvivc them, or to have his feed raifed up in their ftead.

God renews his correfpondence

*E X O'K U-S.

with Mofes and the Ifraelites*

f 2 Sam.
i<
6,Num.. ,
IO. 10, 15. Joel I.
13. 8z z. 16. Jon.
3, 8. ver. 6.

g Ch. 31. 9. Luke
, 13- 3i 5-

12. with Acts 15.
18.
kCh. 32.2. Jer.2 17,
19. Sc 3. 25. 8c 4.,
18. & 5. 25. Prov.
3. 35. Rom. 6.21.
2 Sam. 2. 30.

) If. 59. 1. Prov. 15
29. Pf. 10. 1. te
35. 22.

Eero^chria the Amorite, and the Hittite, and -the
 Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebufite :
d ?«!•": JI:*.'£ 3 Unto a d land flowing with milk
DeuLo".ic,I,J;iI.3& and honey : for I will c not go up in
iz. &c 32. 13/14. the midft of thee, for thou art a ftifF-
e?l,.Arno>;!CcIT,'4'. necked people, left I confume thee in the
ch. 23. ii. * A
way.
4 ^[ And when the people heard thefe
!;M- *; »»»• evil tidings they f mourned: and no man
.m.i4.'39!judg. did put on him his ornaments.
5 For the Lord had faid unto Mofes,
Say unto the children of Ifrael, Ye are a
g ftiff- necked people : I will come ¦ up into
the midft of thee in a moment, and con-
h 2 sam. 12. 20. ir. fume thee: therefore now h put off thy
12. iz. Ice ver. 4,6. r . <J
j oen. is. 21. & 22. ornaments from thee, that I may ' know
what to do unto thee.
6 And the children of Ifrael k ftript
themfelves of their ornaments by the
mount Horeb.
7 <§ And Mofes took the tabernacle,
and pitched it without the camp, l afar
off from the camp, and m called it the
m Ch. 29. 42, 43. I_^, .. >¦ ' . .
wberrcientha?e Tabernacle of the congregation. And it
w.c™i* to'ce0 came to pafs, that every one which fought
andl'ftheTjmbSs the Lord 'went out unto the tabernacle
«f his pittance... . ,
or. the congregation, which Was without
the camp.
$ And it came to pafs, when Mofes'
went out unto the tabernacle, that all the
people rofe up, and n flood every man at
his tentrdoor, and looked after Mofes,
until he was gone into the tabernacle.
9 ^[ And it came to pafs, as Mofes'
rsfl'^izVl entered into the tabernacle, the ° cloudy
pillar defcended, and ftood at the door of
the tabernacle, and the LORD talked with
Mofes. 1 o And all the people faw the cloudy
pillar ftand at the. tabernacle-door:, and
"Vu M?'^: all the people p rofe up and worfhipped,
every man in his tent-door,

nT,u)te 18. 13. Jon
3. 9. Amos 5.15

Sut. 34.10.

-37-

*t£&r\.tV- 11 And the Lord * fpake unto Mofes
Mum. ia.8. Deut.
5.4. &14. xo.
iCb. ii. ij. & 32.
i1?. Sc 17. 9. Num.
17. 18—21. Dent.
31 3,Z$- Jofh. i-^-
xxiv.

face to face, as. a man fpeaketh unto his
friend. And he turned again into, the
camp ; but his r fervant Jofhua the fon of

Nun, a young man, departed not out of
'the tabernacle.
] 1 2 ' ^[ And Mofes faid unto the Lord,
See, thou fayeft unto me, s Bring up this;
people: and thou haft not let me know
whom thou wilt fend with me.' Yet thou
haft faid, I 'know thee byname, and-
thou haft alfo found grace in my fight.
1 2 Now therefore, I pray thee, ¦ if I
have found grace in thy light, fhew me
now u thy way, that I may know thee,
that I may find grace in thy fight : and
cpnfider that -this nation is A thy people.
14 And he faid, My ? prefence fhall go
.with thee, and I will give thee reft.
15 And he faid unto him, If ' thy
prefence go not with me, carry us not up
hence. 1 6 For wherein fhall it be known here
that I and thy people have found grace" in
thy fight ? , Is it not in that thou goeft,
with us ? fo fhall we be a feparated, I and
thy people, from all the people that arc
upon the face of the earth.
17 And. the Lord faid unto Mofes,.
b I will do this , thing alfo that thou haft
fpoken : for thou haft found grace in my
fights and I know thee by : name.
18 <f[ And he faid, I c befeech thee,
fhew me thy glory.
19 And he faid, I will make all my
d goodnefs pafs before thee, and I will
proclaim fhe name of the Lord before
thee ; c and will be gracious to whom'
I will be gracious, and will fhew mercy
on whom I will fhew mercy.
20 And he faid, f Thou canft hot fee
my face ; for there fhall no man fee me
and live.
2 1 And the Lord faid,- Behold, there
is a place by me, and thou flialt ftand
upon a rock:
22 And it fhall come to pafs, while
my glory paffeth by, that I will' put thee
s in a cleft of the rock ; and will cover
thee with rriy hand while I pafs by :

Before Chrift
1+9 1.

sCh. 3. 10. &31, 34..
ver. 1.

tCh.4.ii,22.&3i. 2-jer. 1. 5. 2Tiriu
2. 19. lee Gen, 6.
8. Deut. 7. 8,
1 John 4. 9, 10, 19.

Prov. 3. 5,-

uPf. 25. a, 8, 9. &
77. 20. &s.8, &
27. Ii ~
6. ,.
x Not mine, ch. 32,
7, 11.
y joih. 1. 5. if. 4I.
10. 15. £43. 2.
2 Sam. 17. 11. if.
63. 9. Pf. 136. 16.
with ver, 3.
zCh. 34.9. Pf. 90.1 3
—17. & 80. 1—7.
& 31. 20. & 91, 1
—10.

aCK8.22. &19.-5,
6. & 34. 10. Pf. 4.
tDc,at;€7J34.' &7.6,8. &14.2.
i. e. dirtmguifheaV

b Pf. 65. 2. Se 34. 6.
If. 58. 9. & 65. 24.
&45. II. ijoln 3.
zz. 8c 5. 14, 15.
John- 16. 23. Mat.'
7-7-

Ckap. XXXIII. Ver. 5. — That I may try whether- thou wilt repentof or pei'fiftin
thy fin, and. aft towards thee accordingly.
Ver. .7. This tabernacle was a tent erected by Mofes for the worihip'of God till the
appointed one. ihould be finifhed; and thc removal of it from, the camp intimated the
lord's difpleaiure with them, and departure from them. ,

(TPC4.6.&27.4.& 80. 3, 7, 19. Phil.
3. 8,9. ver. 20.

dPf.1r9.68. 4V65.4.
Jer. 3 1, 14. &34-
5—7- ' .
cRom. rx 15. ch. 34.
6, 7. Deut. 7. 8.
Rom. 5. 6-^8.
iJohn4-9, 10,19.

f 1 Tim. 6. 16. Ge»,
32. 30. Deut. 5.
24... judg. 13. 22.
Rev. 1. 16. 17.
If. 6.5-

gPf. 91. 1,4. SOUS
2.. 3, 14..

Ver. g, 11. God's familiar talking with Mofes was a public approbation" of what
he had done againft the calf, and the worfhippers thereof.
Ver. 18. 'The higher! manifeftation of thy glory that I am capable of hearing.
Ver. 19. God reckons the difplay of his gceJmfs lib diftinguiihed glory..
Ver. ao. God's face here denotes the brljjritnefs of majeily/ and gitiry which it-
tended the external fhape he now all'umed.

With Hew tables Mofes mums to Slnau CHAP. XXXIV.

God proclaims his own goodnefs.

Before Chrift
J»2 Cor. 4. 6. & 3.
l8, fCar. \\r iz.
I Tim. 6. 16. Job
II. 7. Bath'parts
denote lefs bright
aiaiufcfcttions.

23' And I will take away mine hand,
and thou fhalt fee my h back parts : but
my face fhall not be {een.

CHAP.

XXXIV.

xTJeut. is. i.ch. 31,
18. & 32. 16, 19.

b Mal. 3. 6. Pf. 119.

cDeut, cf. 25. ch. 19.-
,20.^24. 12-. Eccl.
Q. IO. Pf, 119. 59,
601 iter. 4. "

i Ch, 19. 12, 13.
Heb.12. 20. iTim.
2. t. John 14. 6.
Acts 4. 12.

« Gen. 22. 3. Sc 21.
14. & 28. 18. Pf.
H9.59,6o.2Cor.
6. 2. Keel, g, 10.
ch. 19. 16. ¦ ' '

f Ch. 24. 16, 17. 8c
,19. 18. Sc 33. 9. .
Num. 11. 17, 25.

In the preceding chapter God had intimated his recon
ciliation with Ifrael. Here he gives proof of it,
( I.) ¦ In ordering up Mofes again to ¦ the mount with
heiun tables of ftone, to receive a new copy of the mo
ral law; 1 — 4. (2). In meeting him there, and
proclaiming his gracious character — upon which
Mofes founds further Jiippltcation for Ifrael ; 5 — 9 .
(3.) In his converfie with Mofes, he renews his pro
mife of Canaan to the people, and his charge to ex
tirpate the Canaanites and their idols, and to make no
marriages with them ; to dedicate every firftling to
obferve. the weekly and ceremonial fiabbaths, offer the
firft-fruits; &c. 10 — 27. (4) In difimiffing him
at the end of forty days, with an honourable fplendour
in his countenance ; 28 — 34.
AND the Lord faid unto Mofes,
a Hew thee two tables of ftone like
unto the firft : and I will write upon
thefe tables the b words that were in the
firft tables, which thou brakeft.
2 And be ready in the morning, and
c come up in the morning unto mount
-Sinai, and prefent thyfelf there to me in
the top ofthe mount.
3 And no man fhall dcome up with
thee, neither let any man be feen through
out all the mount ; neither let the flocks
nor herds feed before that mount.
4 % And he hewed two tables of ftone
like unto the firft ; and Mofes rofe up
c early in the morning, and went up unto
mount. Sinai, as the Lord had command
ed him, and took in his hand the two
tables of ftone.
5 And the Lord f defcended in the

and

Before Chrift
1491.

cloud, and ftood with him there,
proclaimed the name of the Lord.
'6 And the Lord pafled by before
him, and proclaimed, The sLord, The
Lord God, merciful and gracious, long-
fufrering, and abundant in goodnefs and
truth, 7 h Keeping mercy for thoufands, for
giving iniquity and tranfgrefiion and fin,
and that l will by no means clear the
guilty ; vifiting the iniquity of the fathers
upon the children, and upon the children's
children, unto the third and to the fourth
generation. 8 \\ And Mofes made hafte, and k bowed
his head toward the earth, and worfhip
ped.. 9 And he faid, If now I have found
grace in thy ; fight, O Lord, let 1 my
Lord, I pray thee, m go among us ; for
it is a n ftiffnecked people ; andpardon our m a.. 33. 14-17.
iniquity and our fin, and take us for thine "lU^'n;4.!4
0 inheritance. 10 ¦% And he faid, Behold, p I make
a covenant: before all -thy -people I will
do marvels, fuch as have not been done
in all the earth, nor in any nation: and
all the people among which thou art
fhall fee the work of the Lord ; for it
is a terrible thing that I will do
thee. iii Obferve thou that which I
mand thee this day ; ¦ Behold, I
out before thee the Amorite, and the Ca-
naanite, and the Hittite, and the Periz
zite, and the Hivite, and the Jebufite.
12 s Take ;heed to -thyfelf, left thou

glf. 42. 8. Num. 14.
(o,rn. Deut. 5. 10.
Neh. 9. 17. Pf.
103. 8, Ti, 17. 8c
86. 5, 15- ft
c^M.u. Rom. 2.4.
1'.. 31. 19- Zech.
9.17. 11.63.7.
h Jer. 32. 18. Neh. I.
5 & 9. 3*. -Mic.
7.18.

iCh. 20. S. Pf. II. J,
6, 7. Deut. 5. 9.
Jer. 12. 18. 8c $,0,
29. & 9. 9. Jofh.
24. 19. Mic. 6. II.
Num. 14. 18. Nah.
I. ;. Prov. it. 31.
I Pet. 4. 18. Lev.
26.39. Mat. 23.35.

k Ch. 4. 31. Gen. 17.
3. 2 Chr. 20. 18.
"Pf. 89. 7. Hsb. 12.
28, 29. Eccl, 5. 1.

ICh. 31.12,17. Sc 15!.
2. John 20. 28. Pf.
18. 1—3. Sc'cyi. 2,
I0.& Il8. -28. &
73.24,25,26.

Afts 7.' >;i. Deut.
9. 6. Neh. g. 16.
Ezek. xx.
oPf.33. 12. ch. 19.
5, ts. Deut. 3a. a.
Pf. 135. 4. Zecfl.
2. 12.
pDeut. 5. 2. &4.J4,
Jofh,'6.2o. &:io.
12, 13. Pf. 78. 20.
8:45.4. &6j. 5.
Deut. 8. 1 5. 8c 9.
3, & II. 5— 7.

with q Deut..l2. 32. 8c 4.
1, 2, 40. 8c 11. 32.
, p/im- r Gen. 1;. 18 — 21.
-V-UU1 CII.3.SV17. SCZJ.
AnVP *3,*-8. Deut. 7.1,
U'i IVt, 2, 23, 24. fir. 9. 1,
3. Sc 11. 23, 25.
Jofh. I. 5, Nlljn.
21. 21—35. J°fa.

s Ch. 23. 32, 33.
Deut. 7. 2, 16.
Jofh. 23. 7. 12. Sc
9. 6, 7. Judg. 2. 2,
2 Cor. 6. 14.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIII. — Fearful -is the danger
and wo that attend apoftafy from God, andthe worfliipping of -idols
in his room ! His eye beholds the inward rrardnefs and obftinacy Of
our hearts. And painfuljndeed are- the convictions of an awakened
confeience when God difplays his terrors, and appears as an enemy !
There is -need of uncommon humiliation and prayer when God's
wrath is once kindled againft a people, and he -has begun to re
move his ordinances from them. But when a gracious. God, ,and
a multitude of groaning hearts, meet together at the throne of
grace, it is a token of his merciful defigns, for he is ready to return
to his praying people, and indulge them with the moft aftonifhing
Anjjliarity. Their defire of fellowfhip and boldnefs . of faith in-

_ Chap. XXXIV. Ver. I. Thus God left a mark of their rebellion on the tables
w their not being hewn by himfelf; yet neverthelefs he made, his law to retain the

creafes in his prefence : and he will not refufe- them any thing
they afk, though it were to the whole of his kingdom. What blef
fing of direction, prefence, or fpiritual manifestation, can he deny
us, who have Jefus our advocate within the vail! Come -then, my
foul, be no more a trifler in prayer, but make interceffion with
groans which cannot be. uttered. . Whatever I afk, believing, for
myfelf, or my family, or the church, God will give it. Let me,
adoring the fovereignty of his grace, prefs after clearer and clearer
difplays of" his glory, his goodnefs, till at laft I fee him as he is !.
Awake, ye prayerlefs waiters of time ! — B&fe and /unprofitable are
your fellowihips with men, if compared to this of Mofes with his
God!

fame force ; and manifefted, that it is not gracioufly inferibed in our hearts till onoe
they be hewn and broken by Mpfijs' coveriant-form of it. j
Ver. 7, It is a part of goodnefs to hate and punifh evil.
T 2

Laws relative to idolatry, facred ' feftivals, &cc. EXODUS. Mofes comes down; his face (bines.

BefoM Chrift
149 1.

t See ch. 23. 24.
Deut. 11. 2, 3.
ftfef'' break their
f Heb. Jlalues.

make a covenant wifh the inhabitants of
the land whither thou goeft, left it be for
a fnare in the midft of thee :
13 But ye £ fhall deftroy their altars,
+ images, and cut down their
roves. 1 4 For thou flialt u worfhip no other
for the Lord, whole name is
Jealous, is t\ jealous God :
1 5 y Left thou make a covenant with
the inhabitants of the land, and they go
a l whoring after their gods, and do
facrifice unto their gods, . and one call
thee, and thou a eat -of his facrifice;
„:  ... lCor. * 6 And thou b take of their daughters
£&.*?•&£: unto thy fons, and their daughters

u Ch.20.3— 5, Deut.
5. 7, 8. &6. 13,14.
' &8< 19. fe 11. 10.
Xiii. & 32.. 16, 17.
Judg. £.12, 13.
Mat. 4. ic.
xExod.m. 5. Deut.
4. 24. Sc 6. 1 v
Jofh. 24. 19. Nah.
1. 2, 3.
y Ver. 12.
zLev. 17.7. &20. $,
<¦). Num. 15. 39.
Deut. ;r. 16. Judg.'
2. 12, 13, 17. Pf.
106. 3.;— 39.
Ezek. 6. 6.

god

18.6.
b See Gen. 6. 2. &
26. 34. & 28. 1.
ch. 23. 32. Deut.
7. 3, 4. Pf. 106.
35 — 39. IKin. II.
a. Ezrao. 2. Neh.
'13. 25. Num. 25,

whoring after their
fons J7

g°

gods, and make thy

go a whoring after their gods.
Thou fhalt e make thee no molten

15. Deut. 16.1- .,
lev. 23. 6—8.
Num. 28. 15—25.
»Cor.5.7,S.

gods.
ech.20.3,4,23. 18 *[[ The d feaft of unleavened bread
iCh?i2.i9,2o.& fhalt thou keep. Seven days thou fhalt
- '" '' eat unleavened bread, as I commanded
thee," in the time of the month Abib : for
in the month Abib thou cameft out from
Egypt. 1 9 e All that openeth the matrix
mine ; and every firftling
cattle, whether ox or fheep,
20 But the f firftling. of
fhalt redeem with a H lamb :
redeem him not, then fhalt

29. Num. 18. 15 —
17. Ezek. 44. 30.
Luke 2,23. Prov.
3. 9, Heb. 12. 23.
Rev. 14, 4.
f Ch, 13. 13. Num.
18. 15.
II Or, iii.

among

is
thy
that is male.
an afs thou
and if thou
thou break
his neck. All the firft-born of thy fons
thou fhalt redeem: and g none fhall
appear before.me empty.
21 ^[ h Six days thou fhalt work, but
on the feventh day thou fhalt reft : in
earing- time and in harveft thou fhalt
reft. 22 % ' And. thou fhalt obferve the feaft
of weeks, of the firft-fruits of wheat -
harveft, and the feaft of in-gathering at
* *%£*** °f the § year's end.
23 ^[ k Thrice in the year fhall all your
men-children appear before the Lord
God, the God of Ifrael.
jver.u. ch.23.27 24 For I ' will caft out the nations
before thee, and enlarge thy borders :

% Ch. 23. ij. Deut.
1,6. 16, 17. I Sam.
9. 7,. 8. &6, 3.
2 Sam. 24. 24.
h See Gen. 2. 2. ch.
2019. &23.12. &
31. \s-itb.8cT,s.z.
Deut. .3. 13. Lev.
23.3. If. 56. 2, 4,
6. ic 58. 13. jer.
17. 21 — 27. Luke
13. 14.
j Ch. 23. 16. Lev.
xxiii. Deut. 16. to.
Num. 28. 16—31.
&19, 13— 39.

k Ch, 23, 14, 17. ,
Deut- 16, 16- Sc
12. 5. ver. 24.

Ver,. 13. For privacy and foleninity, to prevent interruption, and perhaps in imita
4-

neither fhall m any man defire thy land,
when thou fhalt go up to appear before
the Lord thy God thrice in a year.
25!" Thou fhalt not offer the blood of
my facrifice with leaven. ; neither fliall
the facrifice of the feaft of 'the paffover
0 be left unto the morning.
2& p The firft of the firft-fruits of thy
land thou flialt bring unto the houfe of
the Lord thy God. q Thou fhalt not
feethe a kid in his mother's milk.
27 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
r Write thou thefe words : for ° after
the ienor of thefe words I have made a
covenant with thee and with Ifrael.
28 r And he was there with the Lord
forty days and forty nights : he did
neither eat bread, nOr drink water. And
u he wrote upon the tables the words of
the covenant, the ten "•" commandments.
29 ^[ And it came to pafs, when Mofes
came down from mount Sinai, with the
two tables of teftimony in Mofes' band,.
when he came down from the mount,
that Mofes wift not that * the fkin of his
face fhone while he talked with him.
30 And when Aaron and all the chil
dren of Ifrael faw Mofes, behold, the fkin
of his face fhone ; and they were y afraid
to come nigh him.
3 1 And Mofes * called unto them ; and
Aaron and all the, rulers of the congre
gation returned unto him : and Mofes
talked with them.
32 And afterward all the children of
Ifrael came nigh : and he * gave them in
commandment all that the Lord had
fpoken with him in mount Sinai.
22 And //// Mofes had done fpeaking
with them he put b a vail on his face.
34 But when Mofes went in before the
Lord to fpeak with him, he c took the
vail off, until he came out. d And he
came out, and fpake unto the children of
Ifrael that which he was commanded.
25 And the children of Ifrael faw the
face of Mofes, that the fkin of Mofes' face
fhone: and Mofes put e the vail upon his

Before Cbrift
mGen. 35.5. prov,
16.7. Ezek. 2, 5.
Aa« 18. 10.
2 Chr. 17. 10;
n Ch..23. "8. Deut.
16.3. iCor.j-.7l8,

0 Ch. 23. 18. Sc K.
-10. 8c 16.19. Sc la..
34, Lev. 7. IS.
Num.9. 12. Deut,
16. 4.
p Ch. 23. 19. 8c a.
29- Deut. 12. s—q.
Sc 26. 2. Prov. 3.
9- Sc 8, 17. Re„
14.4.
q, Ch. 23. 19. Dent-,
14. 21. Prov. 12.
10. Jer. 10. 2t 3.
rDeut.4.13. ch. 17,
14- If. \1. 8. Hab.
z. z. Deut. 27. 8,
s Ch. 19. 5,6. &24.
3- 8. Deut. j.
2,3.
t Ch. 24. 18. Deut.
9. 9, 18, 25. 1 Kin,
10. 8. Mat. 4. 2.
Acts I. 3.
u God, ver. 1. Deut.
10. 2, 4. & 4. ij.
ch. 11. 18. &34.L
t Heb. viords*

x Mat. 17. 1. 2-CorV
Ja 7, 13. Gotl's
glory manifeuei
to him pro-lured
this briplunels in
his face, as an em.
blem ofthe bright
hoiinefs of hislaw,
which no finner is
able to endure,
y Rem. 3. ir>i 20. &
4.15. 2 Cor. 3. 7,9.
zCh. 3.16.&24. 1,

a Ezek. }. 17, Aflj
20. 27. Mat. 28.
20. 1 Cor. 11. 23.
& 4. 2. If. 8. in.
Phil. 4. 8. Num.
12. rj. Heb. 3. 2.
ver, 34.

b z Cor. jv 13, 14.
ver. 30.
This marked the
obfcurity ofthe
Mofaic difpenfa-
tion, and the na.
rural dflrknefsthat
is in men's minds
with refpeft to
fpiritual things.
c Heb. 4. 13— 16, St
10. ic; — 22. aGor.
¦ j, 18.
d See ver. 32.

e 2 Cor. 3.7,8,18.

tion of the patriarchs,, die heathens planted groves, in which they worflupped their idoJs*

Laws of the fabbath repeated. CHAP. XXXV. ColleBion for rearing the tabernacle intimated.

Before Chrift
1491.

face, again, until he went in to fpeak with
him. C H A P. XXXV.
The fad interruption of the fettlement of God's worfhip
among the Ifraelites being happily ended, (1) Mofes
reports to them the divine directions' which he had
received concerning the fabbath; their voluntary col
legian for the rearing and furnifihing ofthe taberna
cle, and the framing and furniture of it; 1 — 19.
{¦?.) The people with great cheer fulnefs bring in their
directed contributions; 20 — 29. (3) Bezalecl and
Aholtab are nominated and qualified to be principal
artifts in framing them; 30 — 35.
ND Mofes gathered all the con-
. jgation of the children of Ifrael
together, and faid unto them, Thefe are
the words which the Lord hath com-
Wy^I™: manded, that ye fhould a do them.
?-i6&& « 2 ^] b Six days fliall work be done; but
5%2,\U'u¥| on tne feventh day there fhall be to you

A-

uNum. 15. 31— *
36. fee Gen, 2. 2.
* Heb, bolintfs.

It

t Ch. 16. 30. If. 58.
13- & S6. 2, 4, 6.

A See what follows
explained on ch,
xxv— xxxi.
e Ch. 25. 2-^7.
1 Chr. 29, 6, 9, 14,
17. Pf. 110. 3. .
z Cor, 9. 7.

fWool, ch.26.
28. 5,6,8.15.
g Ch. 26. 7. 14.

I. ft

an holy day, a fabbath of reft to the
Lord : whofoever doth work therein fhall
be put to death.
3 Ye fhall c kindle no fire throughout
your habitations upon the fabbath-day.
4 f And Mofes fpake unto all the
congregation of the children of Ifrael,
faying, This is the thing which the Lord
commanded, faying,
5 d Take ye from among you an offer
ing unto the Lord : e Whofoever is of a
willing heart, let him bring it, an offer
ing of the Lord ; gold, and filver, and
brafs, 6 And f blue, and purple, and fcarlet,
and fine linen, and E goats' hair,
7 And rams' fkins died red, and
badgers' fkins, and fhittim-wood,

8 And h oil for the light, and ; fpices
the fweet

111" h Ch. 27. 20.
i Ch. 30. 23—38.

ftones i-„«9>-s-.9M7-*r.

and ftones to
for the breaft

among

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIV. — It is a great mercy to
have God's law manifefted to us ; but efpecially written on our
heartswhcr. hewn by convictions of fin ; and the neceffity of re
conciliation with God, through Chrift, difcovered thereby. Mi
nifters muft labour to hew men's hearts : but it is only God who
can write divine truths in them. The moft ready and believing
difpatch is neceffary in making up the breaches between God
and our foul. But pleafant and tranfporting indeed are remarkable
difcoveries of the glory and grace of God ! His new covenant
name is exadtly fuited to our finful and deftitute condition! Clear
and diftin& views thereof produce the boldeft pleadings of faith at
his throne of grace ; and we cannot fufficiently admire that God
• fhould fo often repeat his promifes, warnings, and laws, to us, who
are fo ignorant, heedlefs, and forgetful. How great is their fafety
who live in clofe fellow/hip with him ! He takes pleafure to honour

Before Chrift
149 1.
for anointing oil, and for
cenfe, 9 And k onyx-ftones,
be fet for the ephod, and
plate. 10 And every * wife-hearted
you. fliall come, and make m all that the m^™~™:.
Lord hath commanded ;
1 1 n The tabernacle, his tent, and his
covering, his taches, and his boards j, his
bars, his pillars, and his fockets,
12 The °ark, and the ftaves thereof,
with the mercy-feat, and the vail of the „ ch. 25. 10.-20. &
covering, 13 The p table, and his ftaves, and all
his veffels, and the fhew-bread,
14 The candleftick alfo for the light,
and his furniture, and his lamps, and the
oil for the light,
15 1 And the incenfe- altar, and his
ftaves, and the anointing oil, and the
fweet incenfe, and r the hanging for r 36,' 37,' Is5.'"' &
the door at the entering in of the taber
nacle, 16 s The altar of burnt-offering, with
his brazen grate, his ftaves, and all his
veffels, the laver and his foot,
1 7 The 'hangings of the court, his pil
lars, and their fockets, and the hanging
for the door ofthe court,
i-8 The pins of the tabernacle, and the
pins of the court, and their cords,
1 9 The u clothes of fervice, to do fer
vice in the holy place, the holy garments
for Aaron the prieft, and the garments
of his fons, to minifter in the prieft's office.

Sc 39. 6—14.

1 Ch. 31. 6. Sc 36.
2,4.

xxxvi — :<;. Num.
3. 25, 31, 36, 37.
8c 4- 4—33- ver.
II — 19. Cil. 39. 32
¦ — 43. iee on ch.
25. 9. & 31. 6. &
39 32-
n Ch. 31. 7—11. &
xxvi. Say. c — 19.
& xxxvi. & 38. 9
—20. Num. 4. 25,
3<5, 37-

37.1—9. .'--26.3;
— 35.&3C 35,36.
Num. 4. 31.
p Ch. 25.23 — 40. ft
27. 20. Sc 37. lo— .
24.

q Gh. 30. 1—9, 22—
38. ac 37. 25 — 29.

s Ch. 27. 1—8. & 30.
17—21. & 38. 1—

t Ch, 27. 9—19* ft
38. 9—20.

u CM. xxviii. xxxix.
Lev. S. 7 — 9. &
16. 4, 23,24^

fuch as honour him ; and clear views ofthe glory of God beget in
his people the moft glorious conformity to him, and elevate above
all the fears or hopes of nature. — But it is very becoming when
thofe, who are moft diftinguifhed with gifts and graces, are,
through lo\dinefs of mind, fcarcely confeious of their own excel
lencies! when others are more fenfible of our fpiritual beauty than
v/e ourfelves are! — and when minifters, who have the deepeft in-
fight into divine things, accommodate their inftrurftions to their
people's capacity !¦ In the whole of this breach and reconcile
ment between God and Ifrael, let me behold how the law entered
that the offence might abound ; but, where fin abounded, grace
did much more abound ; that, as fin had reigned imto-death, grace
might reign, through righteoufnefs, unto eternal life, by Jel'ns
Chrift our Lord !

ColleBion for the tabernacle cheerfully made. EXODUS. Principal "workmen qualified, and begin.

Before Chrift
149 1.

20

And all the congregation of the
~ children of Ifrael departed from the pre
fence of Mofes.
21 And' they came, every one whofe
xSeever.j.JMdg.s . J . J
%t.lTzf:il heart furred nirn up, and every one
no. 3. 2 cor. 9. 7. wjlom ^ig fpint made willing, and they
brought the Lord's offering to the Svork
of the tabernacle of the congregation,
and for all his fervice, and for the holy
garments. 22 And they came, both men and
women* as many as were willing-hearted,
y cmLVi'i. 2|j8. 'and brou ght * bracelets , and earriti gs ,'
•aS*.'Siil&' and rings, and tablets, all jewels of gold:
29. 2— 8. ver.-27. & " ' J D
and every man that offered offered an
offering of gold unto the Lord.
23 And every man, with whom k was
found blue, and purple, and fcarlet,
and fine linen, and goats' hair, and
red fkins of rams, and badgers' fkins,
'brought them.
24 Ev6ry one that did offer an offering
of filver and brafs brought the Lord's
offering: and every man, with whom was
found fhittim-wood for any work of the

2 z Cor. 8. 12.

fervice

brought it.

willing to bring for all manner of work
d which the Lord had commanded to be
made by the -hand of Mofes. ¦*
3,0 % And Mofes faid unto the children
of Ifrael, See, '* the Lord hath called by
name Bezaleel the fon of Uri, the fon of
Hur, ofthe tribe ofjudah :
3-1 And he hath filled him with , the
fpirit of God f in wifdom, in underftand
ing, and in knowledge, and in all manner
of workmanfhip ;
32 And to devife curious works, to--
work in gold, and in filver, and in brafs,
22 And in the cutting of ftones, to fet
them, '' and in carving of wood, to make
any manner of cunning work.
34 And he hath put in his heart that
he may teach, bofh he, and Aholiab,
the fon of Ahifamach, of the tribe of
Dan. 25 Them hath he filled with wifdom
of heart, to work all manner of work, of

Before Chrift T
d Deut. 12. 32. Sc 4,
2. ft 11. 32. If. 8.
zo. Mat. 28. 20.
Gal. 6.16. 2 Pet. 1.
19. 2'lim. 3. 15-,
17-
e Ch. 31. 2—6.
1 Kin. 7. 14, iCor.
12. 5. ft 3.10, Jam.
1. 17. Ii. 28. 26.

f They were typical
of Chrift, as the
skilful bui.der of
his church, If. 11.
2—5. Sc 61. 1-^3,
Col. 4, j. r

8?,1.3provLSe,9:. 25 And all the * women that Were
xt'iX »• °m' wife-hearted did fpin with their hands,
and brought that which they had fpun,
both of blue, and of purple, and of fcarlet,
and of fine linen.
26 And all the women whofe heart
ftirred them up in wifdom fpun goats'
hair.
.3. see ver. s, 9. 27 And b the rulers brought onyx-
t Chr. 22. 14—16. / " D J ,
& 28^4-18. & ft,ones, and ftones to be fet,' for the ephod,
' and for the breaft-plate ;
28 And fpice, and oil for the light,
arid for the anointing oil, arid for the
fweet incenfe.
. .. . ¦ 29 The children of Ifrael brought a
' lyl;t 9, 'v£ c willing offering unto the Lord, every
man and woman, whofe heart made them

the engraver, and of the s cunning work
man, and of the embroiderer, in blue,
and in purple, in fcarlet, and in fine linen,
and of the weaver, even of them that
do any work, and of thofe that devife
+ cunning work.

% Typical of .Chrif-
tian teachers,
I Cor. 1. 5, 7. 8c
12. 4, 8, 12. Gal. t.
2, 5. Acts 19.6,8.
Tim. 3. 15. Sc 4.
16. 2 Tim. 2. 15.

CHAP.

XXXVI.

^ThiscurionsworK fignified the mar-'
vellous gifts and
graces of Chrift
and his ciurcu, * -

• 5- 9-

Here, (i) The colleiled materials are delivered to Be
zaleel and Aholiav, and their work is begun ; I — 4.
(2) The people offer fo liberally that a neceffary re-
fir aint is put upon them; 5—7. (3) We have a
particular account of making the appurtenances of the
tabernacle itfelf ; its fine inner curtains, 8-. — 13; its
three outer coverings, 14 — 19; its boards, 20- — 30;
crofs bars, 31—34; its partition-vail, 35, 36; and
vail or hanging for the door, 37, 38.
THEN wrought a Bezaleel and Alio- ach.-^-
liab, and every wife-hearted man, II- ^0— I9'
in whom the Lord put wifdom and
underftanding to know how to work all
manner of work for the fervice of the

t. 8c

Reflections upon Chap. XXXV. — -As. this, and the follow
ing chapters, generally relate, no, more but the execution of what
was directed in chapters xxv. xxvi. xxvii. xxviii. xxx. xxxi. the
notes and reflections there found are referred to. Only let me
obferve, that the glory of God, and happinefs of men, are deeply
interefted in the exact obfervation of the fabbath; and that God
will either have voluntary fervice, or will not accept of it at all.
Sincere repentance always iffues in hearty dedications to God-:

and it is comely when profeffors, according to their refpecStive abi
lities, concur in promoting the honour and fervice of God. In
fuch a work he gracioufly accepts, not according to what they
have not, but according to what they have, if there' be firft. a will
ing mind. And, fince God liberally-furniih.es fuch as. he calls to
public offices in his church, the greater our gifts or grace, or the
higher our ftation, the more earneft ought to be our labour in the
fervice of Chrift, and in helpfulnefs to our fellow-members.

retributions refrained-, Curtains made. CHAP. XXXVI. Upper coverings, boards, and bars, made.

offering

B%c.."ft fimauary, According to all that the Lord
1,01,23.21,22. & had commanded.
Mi^Mltfk 2 And Mofes c called Bezaleel and
20. Lulre I- 6. , . .
c Heb,?. 4. Aas 6. Anoliab, and every wife-hearted man, in
^-14.23. ch. wnofe fe^ tfae lord had put wifdom,
even every one whofe heart ftirred him
up to come unto the work to do it.
3 And they received of Mofes- all the
which the children of Ifrael
dhad brought, for the work of the fervice
of the fanctuary, to make it withal. And
they brought yet unto him free offerings
every e morning.
4 If And all the f wife men,, that
wrought all the work of the fanctuary,
came every man from his work which
they made.
5 And they fpake unto Mofes, faying,
s^°r^.with The people • bring g much more than
M" enough for the fervice of the work which
the Lord commanded to make.
6 And Mofes gave commandment, and
they caufed it to be proclaimed through
out the camp, faying, Let neither man
nor woman make any more work for the
offering of the fanctuary. " So the people
were reftrained from bringing.
j For the fluff they had was fufficient

SCh.3s.S-9,"— 29.

e Pf. 5, 3. & 101. 8.
Prcv.8. IS- K 5°'
4. Jer. 21. 12.
f Mat. 24. 45. 1 Cor.
3. 10.

h CS. 26. 1—37. ft
31. 6. & 35. 10.

5 Ch. 25. 18.

* Seventeen yards.

for , all
much. 8 11

tvo yai
1 half.

the work to make it, and too
And every wife-hearted man
among them, that wrought the work of
the tabernacle, made ten curtains of fine
twined linen, and blue, and purple, and
fcarlet : with l cherubims of
work made he them.
9 The length of one curtain was "f twen
ty and eight cubits, and the breadth of
one curtain + four cubits : the curtains
were all of one fize.
10 And he k coupled the five curtains
unto another : and the other five

cunning

k Eph. 4. 3, 4, 13. &
1.23. & 2.21,22.
l.Cov. t. 10. &12. nnp
12, 20, 27. Phil. 2. «JI1C
a-fAcisw^o'i; curtains he coupled one unto another.

. ig.

II
edge

And he made loops of blue on the
of one curtain from the felvedge
in the coupling : likewife he made in
the uttermoft fide of another curtain, in
the coupling of the fecond.
12 Fifty loops made he in one curtain,
and fifty loops made he in the edge of the

curtain which was in the coupling ofthe
fecond : the loops held one curtain to
another. 1 3 And he made fifty taches of gold,
and coupled the curtains one unto an
other with the taches : fo it became one
tabernacle. 14 1f And he niade curtains of goats*
hair, for ' the tent over the tabernacle :
eleven curtains he made them.
15 The lerigth of One curtain was
* thirty cubits, and four cubits was the
breadth of one curtain : the eleven cur
tains were of one' fize.'
16 And he coupled five curtains by
themfelves,. and fix curtains by them
felves. 17 And he made fifty loops upon the
uttermoft edge of the curtain in the
coupling, and fifty loops made he upon
the edge of the curtain which cou
the fecond.
1 8 And he made fifty taches of brafs,
to couple the tent together, that it might
be one.
1 9 - *[ And he made a covering
tent grams' fkins died red, and
ing of badgers' fkins above that.
20 If And he made boards for the
: tabernacle of l fhittim-wood, ftanding
up. 21 The length of a board was * ten
cubits, and the breadth of a board + one
cubit and a half.
22 One board had two tenons, equally
diftant one from another: thus did he
make for all the boards of the taber
nacle. And he made boards for the taber--
, twenty boards for the fouth fide
ward:
24 And forty fockets of filver he made
under the twenty boards ; two fockets
under one board for his two tenons, and
two fockets under another board for his
two tenons.
25 And for the other fide of thc
tabernacle, which is toward the north
corner, he made twenty boards,
26 And their forty fockets of filver ;

Before Chrift
149 1.

X Eighteen y-"-da
and a qua. ter.-

a cover-

forthe'gs&nSS?
nal glory of Chrift
and his church ;
and the coarie co-
~vering figmfiod
their rrieannefs irr
the view of carnal
men. -

Ch.atj. 5. Num. 25.
I. Deut. 10. j.

* Six yards*
-/¦Thirty-twoinclies. Theie boards and
crofs-bars denote
whatever contri
butes t.i the
ftrength and labi
lity cf Chrift and
his c ¦ 111 ;¦ .h.

23
naclefouth

'itwo vqih, ark) and cherubims , table of E X O D. U S- jhety~hr$ad, and, golden candlejuck, made*

Before Chrift
1431.

jnPf. T3J.1. Eph.i.
15, 19, 21. & 3. 18.
19. ix 4. 15, 16.
I Cor. 1. 10.& 11.
13. Acts a. 46. &
4. 3z.

f Heb. twcftc&ett,
two otkets under
tme bt/Ardo
n Ch. 25. 2S. 5: 30.5;

$ With refpefl to
Chrift, the gold in
tne tabernacle,
And its furniture,
may deriQie what
is divjne,and fhit
tim wood hi*
manhood.
6 Ch. 26. 31. & 40.
21. Thc vails de
note Chrift srnan-
-hood, thc ceremo
nial !aw, aid thc
viable heaven.

v Ch. 16. 36. ic 40.
a8.

)j Heb. the with tf a
Ttetedlncerhcr OI
tmbrti.dit er.

twb fockets under one board, and two
fockets under another board.
27 And for the fides ofthe tabernacle
weftward he made fix boards.
28 And two boards made he for the
corners of the tabernacle in the two fides.
29 And they were m coupled beneath,
and coupled together at the head thereof,
to one ring : thus he did to both of them
in both the corners.
30 And there were eight boards ; and
their fockets were fixtcen fockets of filver,
+ under every board two fockets.
3 1 If And he made " bars of fhittim-
wood ; five for the boards of the one fide
of the tabernacle,
32 And five bars for the boards of the
other fide of the tabernacle, and five bars
for, the boards of the tabernacle for the
fides weftward.
22 And he made the -middle bar to
fhoot through the boards from the one
end to the other.
34 And he overlaid the boards with
+ gold, and made their rings of gold to be
places for the bars, and overlaid the bars
with gold.
25 If And he made ° a vail of blue,
and purple, and fcarlet, and fine twined
linen : with cherubims made he it of
cunning work.
36 And he made thereunto four pillars
of fc\\tts.rn-wood, and overlaid them with
gold : their hooks were of gold ; and he
caft for them four fockets of filver.
37 1f And he made an p hanging for the
tabernacle-door of blue, and purple, and
fcarlet, and fine twined linen, " of needle
work; 38 And the five pillars of it with their
hooks : and he overlaid their chapiters
and their fillets with gold: but their five
fockets were of brafs.

CHAP. XXXVII.
Here Be%aleel and his workmen are ftill bufiy in making
( 1 ) The ark, with its mercy-feat and cherubims ;
I — 9. (2) The table of fi-iew- bread, with its vef-

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVI. — How honourable is it
when agents in the church are men faithful, and to be trufted! —
when private members are fo liberal that they need to be reftrain-

fels; 10-T-16. (3) The golden candleftick, with its
appurtenances ; .'7 — 24. (4) The golden altar for
incenfe; 25, — 28. (5) The anointing oil and fa
cred incenfe ; 29.

Before Chrift
1491.

/j/"a Ch. 15. 10—16.
Kl The ark fignifie*

Chrift God-many
as the fulfiller of
the broken law
and reft of a re*
conciled God.

b Ch, 30. 3.

AN D Bezaleel made a the ark
fhittim- wood : two cubits and a
half was the length of it, and a cubit and
a half the breadth of it, and a cubit and
a half the height of it :
2' And, he b overlaid it with pure gold
within and without, and made a crown
of gold to it round about.
3 And he caft for it four rings of gold,
to be fet by the four corners of it ; even
two rings upon the one fide of it, and
two rings upon the other fide of it.
4 And he made * ftaves of fhittim-
wood, and overlaid them with gold.
5 And he put the ftaves into the
rings by the fides of the ark, to bear the
ark. 6 If And he made the d mercy-feat of
pure gold : two cubits and a half was the 'nt.-2.14
length thereof, and one cubit and a half
the breadth thereof.
7 And he made two e cherubims of'a^M
gold, beaten out of one piece made he
them, on the two ends of the mercy-
feat :
8 One cherub * on the end on this
fide, and another cherub '•" on the other + 0r' "" '•'¦ lcc-
end on that fide : out of the mercy-feat
made he the cherubims on the two ends
thereof. 9 And the f cherubims fpread out their ' \r'^: Ltl%
- Cor. 3. 18. Phil.

c Num. 4. 14, 15.
ACts 9. 15. Staves
arc gofpel. ordi
nances in which
Chriil's name is
borne.

d Ch. 25. 17—20.
I John. 2. 2. Rom.

Sc 104. 4.
iims denote
ar.geis and mini-
ftcis.

Or, out of, &c.

winp-s o
wings

on high, and covered with their

3.8.

over

the mercy-feat, with their
faces one to another ; even to the mercy-
feat-ward were the faces of the cheru
bims. _ 10 If And £ he made the table ^ fhit-
tim-wood : two cubits was the length
thereof, and a cubit the breadth thereof, .
and a cubit and a half the height thereof:
11 And he overlaid it with pure p-old
and made thereunto a crown
round about.

. 23—29.

of gold

S Ch. 25. .
John 1, 14, 16.
Col. 1. 27. It fijr-
r ill-., I Chrift and '
his go pel.
The crown im
ported ro)al dig
nity, as in ver. 2,
The rings and
ftaves are thc or-
dinauccs of the
gofpel, or, which
Chrift arJ his
church are borne
through this
world.

ea '- 7a"d when rulers dare allow nothing to be taken but what is
fufficient ! And hopeful is the building of the church when men's
firft care is about that which is moft fecret and inward !

Golden candlefick made.

Before Chrift
I49L

% 9r, u par ml
v/ithal.

1 2 Alfo he made thereunto a border of
an hand-breadth round about ; and made
a crown of gold for the border thereof
round about.
13 And he caft for it four rings of
gold, and put the rings upon the four
Corners that were in the four feet thereof.
14 Over againft the border were the
rings, the places for the ftaves to bear the
table. 1 5 And he made the ftaves of fhittim-
wood, and overlaid them with gold, to
bear the table.
1 6 And he made the veffels which were
upon the table, his difhes, and his fpoons,
and his bowls, and his covers * to cover
withal, of 'pure gold.
kch.25. 31-39. 1 7 If And he made the h candleftick of
Zech. 4. 2. Rev. I. 11/. ill
kjim»'i5 ,5Th. pure gold: of beaten work made he the
Xit^tt candleftick ; his fhaft, and his branch,
light of the world; ... 1 1 ¦ 1 1 1 • n
"hih^iightu *11S bowls, his knops, and his flowers,
»a£feA'g " were of the fame :
,18 And fix branches going out ofthe
fides thereof; three branches of the can
dleftick out of the one fide thereof, and
three branches of the candleftick out of
the other fide thereof :
1 9 Three bowls made after the fafhion
•of almonds in one branch, a knop and
a flower ; and three bowls made like
almonds in another branch, a knop and a
flower : fo throughout the fix branches
going out. of the candleftick.
20 And in the candleftick were four
bowls made like almonds, his knops, and
his flowers :
2 1 And a knop under two branches of
the fame, and a knop under two branches
of the fame, and a knop under two
branches of the fame, according to the
fix branches going out of it.
22 Their knops and their branches
s if. 5.-4, 5, 10. *c were of the fame : all of it was one i beaten
work of pure gold.

CHAP. XXXVII. Altar of incenfe, anointing oil, &cv
23 And he made his § feven lamps, "'^V
and his fnuffers, and his fnuff-difhes, of ' *«<!«», imP?itsdi
pure gold.
24 Of a talent of pure gold made he it,
and all the velTels thereof.

51. 17.

verfity and per
fection.

fcCh.30. '— 5. Hell.

2 c If k And he made the incenfe-altar ?¦ '4°& Jf-
Jm M . Rev. 8. 1. iPcr.

of fhittim- wood : the length of it was a T-hS; £%•„'>
fied Chrift, in hi*
ftate, as
our intcrceiTor

cubit, and the breadth of ita cubit; it exiS"
r r , . . , our interceiior
was four-fquare; and two cubits was the within the van.
height of it ; the horns thereof were of
the fame.
26 And he overlaid it with pure gold,
both the top of it, and the fides thereof
round about, and the horns of it : alfo he
made unto it a crown of gold round about.
27 And he made two rings of gold
for it under the crown thereof, by the
two corners of it, upon the two fides
thereof, to be places for the ftaves to bear
it withal. 28 And he made the ftaves o/~fhittim-
wood, and overlaid them with gold.
29 1f And he made ' the holy anoint- ' »;; f-g-v-ff
ing oil, and the m pure incenfe of fweet Vcfof.Htfzz.
fpices, according to the work of the !/°,,h"2'2,!'*7',
r " ,0 mHeb. 5.7.&7.Z5.
apothecary.
CHAP. XXXVIII
Here is an account of ( I ) I he making of the brazen chrift, and wor-
altar for facrifices, and the laver which flood by it; p0 "peopc"
1— -8. (2) Of the making of the pillars and hang
ings for the court of the tabernacle, in which this
altar and laver were to be placed; 9 — 20. (3) A
fummary account of the gold and brafs voluntarily
collecled ; and the filver, raified by a poll-tax of ran
fom-money, and the ufe to which it is put; 21 — 31.
ND a he made the altar of burnt- ,^:>o:^m.&
offering of fhittim- wood : 'five l^t. Ts. '3'4-
cubits was the length thereof, and five * ESS.7"* *™
cubits the breadth thereof ; it was
b four-fquare ; and three cubits the height b'^64iieb.',je8:
,1 r John 6- 57. Thi»
tnereOl- ahar unified
2 And he made the horns thereof on the jl^si'^S!"

.5.7.&7.2C
Pf. 14 1, a. Rev. 8.
3, 4. The oil fig
nified the fpirit 111
hiseifts and grace,
andthe incenfe
the inte'cefiionof

four corners of it ; the horns thereof were ,ufi"!r' for l
of the fame : and he overlaid it with brafs.
3 And he made all the veffels of the

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVII. — How unbounded is
"the excellency and ufefulnefs of Chrift,. that fo many things are
neceffary to reprefent him ! Pleafant is the work of minifters and
Chriftians where he is all and in all, the first and the last!
And it becomes them regularly to proceed from the inward to the
outward concerns thereof. May I ever embrace Jefus as my pro-
VOL. I.

pitialion ! feed on him as my provifion ; walk in him as my light;
depend on him as my interceding advocate ; and, being anointed
with his Spirit, offer up my fupplications, interceffions, and thanks
givings, kindled by the holy fire of his love fhed abroad in my
heart!

U

Laver, pillars, &lc. cf thc court made. EXODUS. Summary of collections for the tabernacle.

Ee'o-e ChrLI
Ii' I.

ciCor. I.
Acta 9.

altar, the pots, and the fhovels, and the
" bafons, andthe flefh-hooks, and the fire
pans : all the veffels thereof made he of
brafs. 4 And he made for the altar a brazen
grate of net- work under the compafs
thereof beneath unto the midft of it.
5 And he caft four rings for the four
ends of the grate of- brafs, to be places
for the ftaves.
6 And he made the ftaves of fhittim-
wood, and overlaid them with brafs.
7 And he put the ftaves into the rings
24.&2.a. on the fides, of the altar, to c bear it
withal; he made the altar hollow with
boards. 8 ^f And he made the d laver of brafs,

Before Chrift
1491.

d Ch. 30. 18—21.
5.Jzhech\i'3R,:''' and the foot of it of brafs, ofthe e look-
c or, bra™,, ehjr.t, ino--o-lafj'es of the women T affemblino-
Jam. 1. 2 j, 24. & o o 7
t Heb. afemumg by which f affembled at the door of the
f LuTe'2.37. iTim, tabernacle of the congregation.
i'sL^8' J4~ 9 5f And he made E the court : on the
sict%'£l9?'7rf' louth fide fouthward the hangings ofthe
court were of fine twined linen, an
'teS^S* * hundred cubits.
SS*? *S rf"1 1 o Their pillars were twenty, and their
n»au3 brazen fockets twenty ; the hooks of the
pillars and their fillets were of filver.
1 1 And for the north fide the hang
ings were an hundred cubits, the pillars
were twenty, and their fockets of brafs
twenty ; the hooks of the pillars and their
«. fillets of filver.
1 2 And for the weft fide were hangings
of fifty cubits, their pillars ten, and their
fockets ten ; the hooks of the pillars and
their fillets of filver.
r Thirty yards and I 3 Alld for the eaft flde Caft Ward + fifty
,_/'*"• cubits. 14 The hangings of the one fide of the
fc Nine yards. tm gate were fifteen h cubits ; their pillars
hangings, around d> ... , *¦
ldcreug'ious"p' three, and their fockets three.
Sg|dadnr 1 5 And for the other fide of the court -
Ke hanging at the gate, on this hand and that hand, were
entry ol the court cd ' ~
SinTa? 3* hangings of fifteen cubits ; their pillars
va,i,, ch. 36. 35 t|iree^ an(j their fockets three.
16 All the hangings ofthe court round
about were of fine twined linen.
1 7 And the fockets for the pillars were
tf brafs ; the hooks of the pillars and

their fillets of filver; and the overlaying
of their chapiters of filver ; and all the
pillars of the court' were filleted with
filver. 1 8 And the hanging for the gate of the
court was needlework, of blue, and
purple, and fcarlet, and fine twined linen :
and * twenty cubits was the length, and *Twe'^yardI.
the height in the breadth was <~ five t Three yards.
cubits, anfwerable to the hangings of the
court. 19 And their pillars were four, and
their fockets of brafs four; their hooks of
filver, and the overlaying of their chapi
ters and their fillets of filver.
20 And all the ^ins ofthe tabernacle, llL™$%fff£
and of the court round about, were of brafs. W. & T£"'
2 1 ^f This is the fum of the tabernacle,
even of the tabernacle of k teftimony, as k ch- 2* i5-
it was counted, according to the com
mandment of Mofes, for i the fervice of iNum.4-i9,3j.,
the Levites, by the hand of Ithamar, fon
to Aaron the prieft.
22 And m Bezaleel the fon of Uri, the "£¦£.%%%..
fon of Hur, ofthe tribe ofjudah, made I_3'
all that the Lord commanded Mofes.
.23 And with him was Aholiab, fon of
Ahifamach, of the tribe of Dan, an
engraver, and a cunning workman, and1
an embroiderer in blue, and in purple,
and in fcarlet, and fine linen.
24 All the gold that was occupied for
the work in all the work of the holy
place, even the gold ofthe offering, was
T twentv and nine talents, and feven ty*!^-
^ w ' fterlmg.
hundred and thirty fhekels, after the
fhekel of the fanctuary^
25 And the filver of them that were
numbered of the congregation was an
* hundred talents, and a thoufand feven *\^^ff'
hundred and threefcore and fifteen fhe
kels, after the fhekel ofthe fanctuary:
26 A bekah for " every man, that is, nNura-'-46-
half a fhekel, after the ° fhekel of the oC1"^,3'J5-
fanctuary, for every one that went to be
numbered, from twenty years old and *
upward, for "I" fix hundred thoufand and +«<=»• «¦/•''•
three thoufand and five hundred and fifty
men. 27 And ofthe hundred talents of filver
3

Priefis' garments, ephod,

CHAP. XXXIX.

and breaf -plate, are made

»Ch 32,

Bef^chrm were cafl. tae p fockef-g 0f ^e fanftuary,
.-,. io, 21, 25, and the fockets of the vail ; an hundred
fockets ofthe hundred talents, a talent for

* Six thoufand fix
hundred ihirty-
feven and a half
pounds weight
avoirdupoiic.

his church are^
founded^

Before Chrift
1400.

a focket. 28 And of the thoufand feven hundred
feventy and five fhekels he made hooks
for the pillars, and overlaid their chapi
ters, and filleted them.
29 And the brafs of the offering was
* feventy talents, and two thoufand and
four hundred fhekels.
30 And therewith he made the foc-
ffifnifycthep?rtlc- kets + to the door of the tabernacle ofthe
tioris, purpofes,
SV\nmihichf congregation, and the brazen altar, and
ti>er»cr«iftl3id the brazen grate for it, and all the veffels
of the altar,
3 1 And the fockets of the court round
about, and the fockets of the court-gate,
and all the pins of the tabernacle, and all
the pins of the court round about.
CHAP. XXXIX.
Contains, ( 1 ) An account of the making of the priefts'
facred apparel, viz. the ephod and its curious girdle,
and onyx ftones for buttoning together its Jhoulder-
pieces; I — f; the breaft-plate of judgment, with its
twelve precious ftones fixed in it ; 8 — 2 1 ; the robe
tf the ephod; 22 — 26 ; the mitre, with its plate, for
the high prieft; 30, 31 ; and the coats, bonnets,
breeches, and girdles, for the inferior priefts ; 27 —
29. (2) A fummary account of the whole work pre
fented to Mofes when finifhed, and exatlly correfpond-
ing to the divine prefcriptijms concerning it in chap.
xxv — -xxx. xxxv. 32- — 43.
ND of the blue, and purple, and
fcarlet,. they made a clothes of fer
vice, to do fervice in the b holy place, and
made the holy' garments for Aaron ; as
the Lord commanded 'Mofes.
2 ^f And he made the c ephod of gold,
blue, and purple, and fcarlet, and fine
twined linen.
. 3 And they did beat the gold into thin
plates, and cut it into wires, to work it
in the blue, and in the purple, and in the
fcarlet, and in the fine linen, with cun
ning work.

1430.
% Ch. 31. 10. & 28.
2-4. & 35.19.
b Pf. 93. 5. Ezek.
43. 12.

c Ch. 28. 6—12.
Thefe fine robes
rro-clcnte.l thc
mi^l'.rod, media-
ro-i il of'ici, and
, firuV'irii Koitf.
nels 01" U.Vjft.

d Ch. 28. 9. 'Hu
"trili .iipporLsveins his
, and pi e-

4 They made fhoulder-pieces for it, to
couple it together : by the two edges
was it coupled together.
5 And the curious girdle of his ephod,
that was upon it, was of the fame, ac
cording to the work thereof; of gold,
blue, and purple, and fcarlet, and fine
twined linen ; as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 6 d And they wrought onyx-ftones ac
J a 1 j anci governs his
enclofed in ouches of gold, graven as S&dbKre
fignets are graven, with the names of the G"i'
children of Ifrael.
7 And he put them on the fhoul
ders of the ephod, that they (hould be
ftones for a e memorial to the children e
of Ifrael ; as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 8 f And he made the f breaft-plate of,c*$%2>£
cunning-work, like the work of the crhurc&ccdove*
ephod ; of gold, blue, and purple, and
fcarlet, and fine twined linen.
9 It was four-fquare; they made the
breaft-plate double ; a fpan was the length
thereof, and a fpan the breadth thereof,
being -doubled.
10 And they fet in it four rows of ^
ftones : the firfl row was a "* fardius, a pt'cdo/sHonesfe*
J J . prelcntedthe elect
topaz, and a carbuncle : this was the s*=ias™
/* r\ placed in comely
nrlt TOW- order inthfcchiirci(
. m , r -, 11 and rovei.ant of
1 1 And the fecond row-, an emerald, a s ^
fapphire, and a diamond.
12 And the third row, a ligure, an
agate, and an amethyft.
13 And the fourth row, a beryl, an
onyx, and a jafper; they were enclofed
in ouches of gold in their enclofings.
14 And the ftones were according to
the names of the children of Ifrael,
twelve, according to their names, like
the engravings of a fignet, every one
with his name, according to the twelve
tribes. 15 And they made upon the breaft-

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVIII. — The work ftill pro
ceeds pleafantly, from that which is moft inward and important.
And let us obferve that Jefus' atonement for fin, and the purifica
tion of our qonfeience from dead works, are clofely linked toge
ther ; that fervent devotion difpqfes perfons to part with that which
others moft admire for the fervice of Chrift. And it is neceffary
to examine ©usfe-lves in the glafs of God's law, when we go to

the laver of Jefus' blood for fpiritual purification. What a fmall
enclosure is the church of Chrift ! Happy the period v;hen death
fhall draw afid; the curtains, and allow us free accefs to the houfe
eternal in the heavens ! But great and important things might be
done for God in his church below were but all her minifters and
members, however weak, hearty and unanimous.

Prieff robe, coats, mitre, breeches, &c. EXODUS. Summary ofthe tabernacle-furniturbt

Before Chrift
1490.
g John 10. 28. & 17.
12. 1 Pet. I. 5.
Jude 1. Thefe
chains reprefent
how faft the elcft,
as ftationed in the
church and new
covenanr,arefixcd•n Chijit's heart.

k Ch. 28. }!— 35. As
the ephod was a
kind of fhort coat
without ileeves,
fo this robe was
fomewhat hi the
form of alongfhirt
under the ephod.

1 Gal. 5. 22.

k Ch.28. 33, 34. Pf.
89. 15. Thc bells
fignified Chrift's
interceflion, and
the preaching of
she goipel .; and
the pomegranates
fignifiedjtheirgaod Ir uits and effects.

J Ch. 28. 3S-4J.
Phil. 2. 6—8.
Thefe coarfer
lobes' fignified
what is common
lo Chrift'and his
people. The mi tre
prenguredChriit 9
dignity as an
fcfofr-jirieft.

plate s chains at the ends, of wreathen
work of pure gold.
16 And they made two ouches of gold,
and two gold rings ; and put the two
rings in the two ends of the breaft-plate.
17 And they put the two wreathen
chains of gold in the two rings >on the
ends of the breaft-plate.
18 And the two ends of the two
wreathen chains they fattened in the two
ouches, and put them on the fhoulder-
pieces of the ephod, before it.
19 And they made two rings of gold,
and put them on the two ends of the
breaft-plate, upon the border of it, which
was on the fide of the ephod inward.
20 And they made two other golden
rings, and put them on the two fides of
the ephod underneath, toward the fore
part of it, over againft the other coupling
thereof, above the curious girdle of the
ephod. 21 And they did bind the breaft-plate
by his rings unto the rings of the ephod
with a lace of blue, that it might be
above the curious girdle of the ephod,
and that the breaft-plate might not be
loofed from the ephod ; as the Lord
commanded Mofes.
22 5F And he made the h robe of the
ephod of woven work, all of blue.
23 And there was a hole in the midft
of the robe, as the hole of an habergeon,
with a band round about the hole, that
it fhould not rent.
24 And they made upon the hems of
the robe ' pomegranates of blue, and
purple, and fcarlet, and twined linen.
25 And they made k bells of pure gold,
and put the bells between the pomegra
nates upon the hem of the robe round
about between the pomegranates :
26 A bell and a pomegranate, a bell
and a pomegranate, round about the
hem of the robe to minifter in ; as the
Lord commanded Mofes.
27 5F And they made l coats of fine
linen, of woven work, , for Aaron and for
his fons,
28 And a mitre o/'fine linen, and goodly

Before Chrjft
1490.

bonnets of fine linen, and linen breeches
of fine twined linen, : ""*
29 And a girdle of fine twined linen,
and blue, and purple, and fcarlet, of
needle-work; as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 30 f And they made the m plate of the "&*&»*,
holy crown of pure gold, and wrote upon *,Cjo?5'"',Cor'
it a writing, like to the engravings of
a fignet, HOLINESS TO THE
LORD. 3 1 And they tied unto it a lace of blue,
to faften // on high upon the mitre ; as
the Lord commanded Mofes.
32 f Thus was n all the work of the n\"%Sfs%£
tabernacle of the tent ofthe congregation ^¦^¦IL
26, 31, 36, 37. &
4. 4—32. ch. xxv
— xxxi.xxxv— xl*
Lev. viii. ix.
0 Deut. 12. 32. Mat.
28. 20. 1 Sam. 15.
22. The plirale,
as the Lord com- '
manded Mofet, is
fo often repeated
in this and the fol
lowing chapter to
put honour on
their obedience,
and to teach us
that every thing
done in the church
fhould be exadly
correfpondent
with the law of
God.
p Ch. 31.7— II. *
35. 11— 19. XXY-*
xxx. xxxvi-*
xxxix. xl.

of Ifrael

did

finiflied : and fhe children
0 according to all that the Lord com
manded Mofes, fb did they.
22 If And they brought the tabernacle
unto Mofes, the p tent, and all his furni
ture, his taches, his boards, his barsj
and his pillars, and his fockets,
34 And the covering of rams' fkins
died red, and the covering of badgers'
fkins, and the vail of the covering,
25 The ark of the teftimony, and the
ftaves thereof, and the mercy-feat,
36 The table, andc\\\ the veffels thereof,
and the fhew-bread,
2f The pure candleftick, with the
lamps thereof, even with the lamps to be
fet in order , and all the veffels thereof,
and the oil for light,
38 And the golden altar, and the
anointing oil, and"T the fweet incenfe, and
the hanging for the tabernacle door,
39 The brazen altar, and his grate of
brafs, his ftaves, and all his veffels, the
laver and his foot,
40 The hangings of the court, his
pillars, and his fockets, and the hanging
for the court- gate, his cords, and his
pins, and all the veffels of the fervice of
the tabernacle^ for the tent of the con
gregation, 41 The clothes of fervice to do fervicer
in the holy place, and the holy garments
for Aaron the prieft, and his fons' gar
ments, to .rninifler in the prieft's office. .

f Heb. thtltlfitjSof
fittest fpkis.

Laws for ere&ing the tabernacle,
42 q According to all that the Lord
commanded Mofes, fo the children of
Ifrael made all the work.
43 And Mofes did r look upon all the
work, and, behold, they had done it as
the Lord had commanded, even fo had
they done it. And Mofes s bleffed them.
CHAP. XL.
The parts being all finifhed, here ( I ) God commands
to ereil the tabernacle on the three hundred andforty-
firfl day from their leaving Egypt, and to confecrate
it and the priefts who were to ferve in it; 1 — 15.
(2) The tabernacle is reared up on the day appointed,
being the firft of their facred year, and all 'its furni
ture exatlly placed in it according to God's diretlions;
16 — 33. (3) God takes poffeffion of it by the she-
Chinah, or cloud of glory, hovering above, and en
tering into it ; 34 — 38.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,

CHAP. XL,

tabernacle is ereBed and furnifhed.

Before Chrift
149°-
« Ch. xxv — xxxi. Sc
23. 21, 22. Deut.
12. 32. Mat. 28.2a
a Tim. 2.15. &4.

rCen. 1. 31.M. 104,

I Gen. 14. 19. 2Tim.
4. 7, 8. 1 Tim. 4.
7, 8. I Chr. 16. 2.
aChr.6.3. Pf. 19.
. II, I Cor. 15. 58.

A'

faying,

2 On the firft day of the a firft month
fhalt thou fet up the b tabernacle of the
tent of the congregation.
3 And thou c fhalt put therein the ark
, %,%^il.'z%ti. of the teftimony, and cover the ark with
!! the vail.
4 And d thou fhalt bring in the table,
and fet in order * the things that are to
be fet in order upon it ; and thou fhalt
bring in the candleftick, and light the
lamps thereof.
5 And thou fhalt fet the e altar of gold
17,1s7. v*. ll- for the incenfe before the ark of the
fjonfiitCb. teftimony, and put the hanging of the
9- 24- door to the tabernacle.
6 f And thou fhalt fet the altar of the
before the door of the
tabernacle ofthe tent ofthe congregation.

a Ch. i». 1, 1. v«r.
17. Num. 7. I.
b Ch. xxvi. xxxvi.
27. 21. & 30. 36.
ver. 18, 19.
«Ch.25. 10— zzTSc
37.1 — g. & 26.31,

. 14.
i Ch. 25. 23—39. &
37. 10 — 24. & 26.
35, 36. & 25. 30.
rer. 22 — 25.
* Heb, the order
iktreof.

« Ch. 30. 1—3. 8c
35. 25—28. 8c 26
36,

fCh.27.1— 8. &38.
I — 7. ver .29. Heb.
7?ijotaE2P.2.&4- burnt-offering
9,10.

7 And thou fhalt fet the slaver between
the tent of the congregation and the altar,
and fhalt put water therein.
8 And thou fhalt h fet up the court
round about, and hang up the hanging
at the court -gate.
9 % And thou flialt ' take the anointing
oil, and anoint the tabernacle and all
that is therein, and fhalt hallow it, and
all the veffels thereof: and it fhall be
holy. 10 And thou fhalt k anoint the altar
of the burnt-offering, and all his veffels,
and fanclify the altar : and it fhall be an,
altar ' moft holy.
1 1 And thou fhalt anoint the laver and
his foot, and fandtify it.
1 2 ^f And thou fhalt m bring Aaron and
his fons unto the door of the tabernacle
of the congregation, and wafh them with
water. 13 And thou fhalt put upon Aaron the
holy garments, and anoint him, and fane r
tify him ;, that he may minifter unto me
in the prieft's office.
14 n And thou fhalt bring his fons,
and clothe them with coats :
1.5 And thou fhalt anoint them, as thou
didft, anoint their father, that they may
minifter unto me in the prieft's office :
for their anointing fhall furely be an
0 everlafting priefthood throughout their
generations. 1 6 *jf Thus did Mofes : p according to
all that the Lord commanded him, fo
did he.

Before Chrift
H9°-
Ch. 30. 18—21. &
38. 8. ver. 30 — 32.
Heb. 10. 22. Tit.
3. 5. Pf. 26. 6.
Zech. 13. 1. ijoha
1. 7. Rev. 1. 5, 6.
h Ch. 27. 9—19. SS
38. 9—20. Mat.16.
18. I Cor. 12. -.i,
28. Eph. 4, 11, 12.
i Ch. 30. 23 — 33. Sc
19. 39. If. 11. 2.
Mat. 3. 16. John 3.
34. 2 Cor. 1.4,22,

k Ch. 29. 36. Lev. 8.
11. If. 61. 1. & iv
2. John 3.. 34. ic
17. 19.

lHeb.Mi'Mlj/Mf- nejfes, Luke 1.35.
2 Cor. 5. 21. Heb.
7, 26. 1 Cor. 1, 39.

m Ch. 29. -I— 35,
Lev.- Viii. ix.
Gal. 4. 4. Rom. 8,
3.Lukei. 35. Mat.
3. 16. John 3. 34.
II. II. 1—5. OS OL
1—3.

n I Cor. 1. n. Rorn.
8. 30. & 13. 1.,. '
I Cor. 1.30. If,6l.
10. John 1. 16.
If- +4- 3-S-

0 Num. 25. 13. cfe. ..
12. 14. 6c 30. 31,'
with Heb. v. vii.
viii. ix. x.
p See ch. 23. 21,22.
& 39- 4*i 43- ver.
19,21,23,25,27,
29,32. ver. 17— iz.
II. 8. 20. Mat. 28.
20. 1 Cor. 4. 2.
Heb. 3.2. Deut. 4.
2. Sen. 32.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIX. — How honourable is the
livery of minifters and believers — but how much more the glory
of Immanuel, our Great High Prieft ! Great things may quickly
be done in the church when all hearts and hands are active.

And it is pleafant and profitable when every thing anfwers to the
commandments of God : it is neceffary therefore to try our whole
work after it is finifhed, as well as while it is carrying forward}
fo fhall our labour not be in vain in the Lord. .

Chap. XL. Ver. I— 33. The form of the tabernacle when erected was as fol-
ows : The court was fixty-one yards long, and half as much in breadth. It was en
clofed- by a linen hanging of about nine feet in height, fufpended by filver hooks, on
fifty-fix brazen pillars, filleted with filver, and fixed in large fockets of brafs. The
only entrance, from the eaft, was twelve yards wide, and hung over with a fine vail of
¦embroidered linen, fufpended on four pillars. Here, under the open fky, ftood the bra
zen altar and laver; an'd hither-every clean Hebrew or profelyte might come with his
oblations. At the weft end of this court ftood the tabernacle itfelf; a clofe tent, in
the form of a houfe, Handing with its end towards the eaft. It was about eighteen
and one-fourth yards long, fix and one- twelfth broad, and as much in height. It was
reared with forty-eight boards of fliittim-wood, overlaid with gold, and fixed at bottom
in ninety-fix large fockets of filver, arid bound together with five crofs bars, of the
fame materials. On this frame was fufpended a fourfold covering. — The innermoft
confifted 'of ten embroidered linen curtains, each about feventeen yards in length and
about two and one half yards in breadth, coupled with taches, or buttons of gold. Over
this was a covering of eleven curtains of goats' hair, coupled with taches of brafs ; the
8

next was of rams* /kins died red : the uppermoft was of a ftrong leather, called badgers
fkins. The whole eaft end was an entrance, and hung over with a fine vail of em
broidered linen, fufpended on five pillars, or boards, by golden hooks; and juft. before ir3
in the court, ftood the brazen altar and laver. This tent was diftinguifhed into two apart
ments. The firft, or holy place, was in length twelve yards and fix inches; into which,
only the clean priefts might enter. At the inner or weft end of it ftood the goldeij.
candleftick, altar of incenfe, and table of fhew-bread. The fecond, or moji holy place -
or oracle, was at the weft end of the former, and feparated from it by a fine vail of em-
-broidered linen, fufpended on four pillars, fixed erect in laige fockets of filver. It was
a fquare of ninety-fix yards. and three inches. Here, amidft grofs darknefs, at the
weft end, was fet the ark covered by the mercy-feat, and overshadowed by the golden
cherubims; between which hovered the Jbech'tnab, or cloud of the divine prefence.
The tables of the law were put into the ark. The golden pot of manna, Aaron's rod
that budded-, and a copy of the law of Mofes, were afterwards repcifited at the eaft or
forefide of the ark. Into this apartment the high-prieit alone entered, and he only
upon the fait of general expiation, and perhaps four times that day*

'fhe tabernacle reared up, and is

EXODUS.

.covered with the pillar of cloud.

Before Chrift
14.90.
^Num. 7. 1. &9. 1.

r See ver. 2. Cal. 4.
. 4. John 1. 14. Mat
j6. 18. lPet. I. c.
aTiih. 3. 15.

s Put on the four
on-erinvs, th, 26.
I— 14. cc 36. 8—
»3-

T Tables of the law.
ch. 25. 16, 21. Pf
40. X. U-iZ. 3, 15
'ti Rom. to. 4. 8c 3
•as- ver. 3.

X Ch. 35. r2.ver. 3
Heb. 10. 19, 20.

y Ver. 4. Eph. 3.8.
John 6. 53— 37-

tt Ver. 4. John I. I,
5, 9. & 8. 12. Pf.
I19. 105. Rev, I.
<v>. Scz..s-

¦a Ver. 5. Rev. 8. 3,4.
Heb. 7. 25. John
xvii. 8c tt. 42.
I John 2. I. Mat.
23. 19.

* Ver. 5. Heb. 10.
19,20. Eph. 2. 18
John 14- 6. 8c 1.
9-

1 7 % And it came to pafs, in the firft
month, in the fecond year, on the firft
day of the month, that the i tabernacle
-was reared up.
18 And Mofes r reared up the taber--
-nacle, and faftened his fockets, and fet
up the boards thereof, and put in the
bars thereof, and reared up his pillars.
1 9 And he s fpread abroad the tent over
the tabernacle, and put the covering of
the tent above upon it ; as the Lord
commanded Mofes.
20 5[ And he took and put the ' tefti
mony into the ark, and fet the ftaves on
the ark, and put the u mercy- feat above
upon the ark :
21 And he brought the ark into the
tabernacle, and x fet up the vail of the
covering, and covered the ark ofthe tefti
mony ; as the Lord commanded Mofes.
22 \ And he ? put the table in the tent
of the congregation, upon the fide of the
tabernacle northward, without the vail.
23 And he fet the bread in order upon
it before the Lord ; as the Lord had
commanded Mofes.
24 % And he put the z candleftick in
the tent of the congregation, over againft
the table, on the fide of the tabernacle
fouthward. 25 And he lighted the lamps before the
Lord, as the Lord commanded Mofes.
26 % And he aput the golden altar in the
tent of the congregation before the vail :
27 And he burnt fweet incenfe there
on; as the Lord commanded Mofes.
e b
the door of the tabernacle

28 % And he fet up the b hanging at

Befcre Chrift
1490.

sy. . c Ver. 6. Rom. 3. 24
and offered £££¦$&» 19.

13- 1. I John r. 7.
iCor. 6. II. Ezek.
36. 25. Heb. 10,10

29 And he c put the altar of burnt
offering by the door of the tabernacle of
the tent of the congregation
upon it the burnt-offering and the meat
offering ; as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 30 ^[ And he fet d the laver between dseeve, •
the tent of the congregation and the altar,
and put water there to wafh withal.
31 And Mofes, and Aaron, and his
fons, e wafhed their hands and their feet epr.i6.6.&s,.«,
, 7-Uohni.7,Q,
thereat. 32 When they went into the tent of
the congregation, and when they came
near unto the altar, they wafhed ; as the
Lord commanded Mofes.
22 % And he f reared up the court fver.8.Mat.,6,8.
round about the tabernacle and the altar, icoV.4i"'i^'
and fet up the « hanging of the court- ^ll^gt
So Mofes finifhed the work. i'iI9-2*' Eph'
34 ^[ h Then a cloud covered the tent ^"J*;^!?"
of the congregation, and the glory of the "
Lord filled the tabernacle.
25 And Mofes was ' not able to enter
into the tent of the congregation, becaufe "fe^is.'sVitriJ
the cloud abode thereon, and the glory
of the Lord filled the tabernacle.
26 And,

gate

lc, 12. Ezek. 43,
4-^7. ch. 25. 8,21,
22. Lev. 16. 1.
a Cor. 5. 19. Zech.
z. 5. II. 4. 5, 6.
Rev. 21. 3.23,24.

k when- the cloud was taken kS'9?'I^A.
up from over the tabernacle, the children

of Ifrael * went onward in all their jour
neys :
37 But if the cloud were not taken up,
then they journeyed not till the day that
it was taken up*
38 For the cloud of the Lord was
upon the tabernacle by day, and fire was
on it by night, in the fight of all the houfe
' r journeys.

13. 21, 22. 2 Cor.
5.- 19, 20.

% Heb. jeurnejeet.

of Ifrael, throughout all their

Reflections upon Chap. XL. — It is comely when new years
are Commenced with remarkable tranfadtiens for God, and when
every thing is performed and placed in due order ; for God is
ready to meet fuch as are occupied in his fervice and remember
him in all their ways. Defolate and dreary are ordinances if with
out the prefence of God; but if the Spirit of God and of glory
reft upon us we may be well comforted, for God is with us and
for us; and who then can be againft us? But was not this reared
tabernacle a type of our once apparently mean but truly glorious
Redeemer, in his manhood and mediatorial office; deviled of God,
and reared un with infinite fkill ; confecrated by the oil of the Holy
Ghoft, and his own bloody fufferings ! In him dwells all the fulnefs
ofthe Godhead. He is the mean of all our fellowlTiip with God;
and the treafury of t II that atonement, purification, light, food, in

terceffion, and acceptance, which is neceflary for our fouls. In
his debafed ftate he was made the atonement, the laver of purifica
tion ; in his exalted ftate he is the eternal reft of Jehovah, and
thc enlightener, advocate, and feeder, of his people. Was it not
likewife a figure of the gofpel-church, planned by the wifdom of
God, and reared up by infpired minifters of Chrift ! Outwardly
mean, but inwardly glorious, fhe is the refidence of God in Chrift;
and in h«r he'is worfhipped in an acceptable manner. In her a
fulnefs of atonement, purification, fpiritual light, and proviiipn,
of acceptable prayers, praifes, and fervices, are to be found. Was
it not a figure of heaven itfelf, where all its emblems are realized],
and in which Jefus, Jehovah, and every thing fu.bftantial, are to
be found in the moft eminent degree !

THE

THIRD BOOK of MOSES,

CALLED

LEVITICUS.

This book, fo called from its conneBion with the Levitical tribe, contains the laws which God intimated to Mofes from off the
mercy-feat, during the firft month after the tabernacle was eretled; viz. (i) Laws relative to facred oblations, burnt-offerings,
meat-offerings, peace-offerings,, fin-offerings, trefpafs-offerings; i — vii. (2) The hiftory of the confecration of Aaron and his
fons, andthe death ofthe two eldeft; laws concerning priefts' mourning, and abftinence from liquor; viii. — x. . (3). Laws of puri
fications from ceremonial uncleannefs, contracted by means of unclean beafts, child-birth, leprofy, running iffues, public and national
fins ; ix. — xvi. (4) Mifcellaneous laws, prohibiting the eating of blood, fdcrificing to devils, alliance with Canaanites, imita
tion of heathenijh fuperftition and idolatry, theft, perjury, inceft, fodomy, beftvality; or requiring abftinence from fruit of trees
newly planted; leaving of gleanings to the poor ; regulating the priefts' mournings and marriages; marking the blemi/hes
which difqualified them for their work, and partaking of the more facred victuals, or which rendered animals unfit for facri
fice ; xvii. — xxii. (5) Laws directing the obfervation of their facred folemnilies ; fabbath, paffover, pentecoft, feaft of
trumpets, feaft of expiation, feaft of tabernacles, releafe, jubilee; intermixed with fome regulations relative to the lighting of
the lamps, fhew-bread, punifhment of 'blafphemy, murder, &c. lending to or hying of poor Hebrews; xxiii — xxv. (6) Af
ter promifes of great favour to the obedient and penitent, and threatenings of manifold punifhment s to the difobedient, are fub joined-
laws regulating the dedication of things to the Lord, and redeeming them back; xxvi. xxvii.
Whatever this book, or fome parts thereof, may appear lo an ignorant and carnal mind, — to fuch as are truly fenfble and evange
lical, it is a rich, though obfcure, mine of the gofpel of Chrift, typically exhibiting him as the Great High-prieft, called and
prepared of God for his work ; exhibiting lots facrifice in its nature and form; and its influence, as appeafing the zvrath of
God, expiating the curfe of Jin, procuring peace to the mind, quieting the guilty confeience, nourifhing the foul, and purifying
the heart; — exhibiting the gofpel-method of cleanfing ourfelves from all flthinefs of the flefh or fpirit, inherent or contracled,.
by due applications of his blood and Spirit : and, in fine, exhibiting the neceffity of abftaining from Jin, in all its forms, ap
pearances, and temptations; of exatl attendance on inftituted means- of grace, and of perfecting hoiinefs irtthe fear of the:
Lard.

Befor« Chrift
1490.

CHAP. I.
Begins with the burnt-offering, as it had been the moft
ancient, and was now to be the moft frequent ; and
prefcribes the matter, viz. bullocks, fheep, goats,
doves, with the manner of prefenting, killing, cleanf
ing, burning the flefh, and fprinkling the blood of
(1) The bullock-offering ; I — 9. (2.) The fheep or
goat-offering; 10 — 13. (3) The bird-offering for the
poor, the work of which was moft difficult; 14—17.

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Chap. I. Ver. 2—9. The Jewifh oblations, in
their matter and ceremonies, were not-only typical of Chrift, hut moft of them alfo em
blems of the moral duties of Chriftians, whether minifters or people. The matter of
the offerings pointed at qualities in Chrift, or in his people and their fervice. The
mate fex figured out the excellency of thefe ; the being without tthmift their purity ;
the ¦uoluntar'mcfs, the willingnefs and cheerfulnefs with which God muft be ferved.
The prefenting at the door of the tabernacle in ordinary cafes, (fqr in extraordinary ones
it might beot,herwii';, 1 Sam. vii. 9. and xi. 15. 2 Sam. xxiv. 18. 1 Kings viii. 64.
and xviii. 32. Judg, vi. 46.) imported thc acceptablenefs to be through the perfon and

ND the *
Mofes, and

Lord called unto

"pake unto him out

of the tabernacle of the
gation, fay in <

congre-

Before Chrift
a Exod. 29. 42, Sc
25. 22.

*g>

Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and- fay unto them, If any man of you t-ch. 22.18,19. pr.
1 , • J rr ¦ it 39-''9- JPet-'-
an offering unto the Lord, ye

bring

19, 20. 8c 2. 5, 9,
Rom. 12. 1.

mediation of Chrift. The laying on of the offerer's hand imported the transferring of
guilt on the facrifice, and devoting it to God. The fpr'mklhtg of the Hood round about-
the altar imported the divinity of Chrift's atonement, and the extenfive virtue of it, to
all the church and ordinances thereof. The wafhing of the inwards and legs imports
the perfect hoiinefs. of heart and life in Chrift, and which ought to be in his people.
The burning ofthe whole flep imported, that Chrift was, and his people ought to be,
wholly devoted to God. The holy fire denoted trie wrath of God. on Chrift, and holy
love in hjm and in his people.

Law of burnt-offerings

LEVITICUS.

of bullocks, peep, and goats.

Before Chrift
1490.

fhall bring your offering of the cattle,
even of the herd, and of the flock.
3 ^[ If his offering be a burnt-facrifice

c See Exod. 12. 5.
ver. ,0. ch. 4, 23.
tt 22. 19. Jer. 31. *> " CD
£&.%£& of the herd, let him offer a c male with-

^•^"..'ioutblemifli:

ipet.i.,8,i9.'& out Diemun: he fliall offer it of his own
d Exod.^' 11 chr. d voluntary will e at the door of the
ibl^fl-'fif' tabernacle of the congregation before the
John 10. II, 18.
Pf. no. 3.
eExod. 40.6,29. ch.
17. 4. Deut 12. 5,

6, 13, 14,26,27

Lord. 4 And he fliall f put his hand upon the
%1}11?z£'lI'£. head of the burnt-offering ; and it fhall
20.40. John 14.6. O '
fi.&ic.9,'^'' be g accepted ror him to make atonement
Eph.2.18. &3.12. r „ U'
fch.4..;,,;,29,33. for him.
& 16. 21. & 3. i,
S, 13. Num. 8. 12.
Exod. 29, 10, 15.
If- 53- 4, 5, 6, II
12. 2 Cor. 5. 21.
ct.2.24. s (hall bring the blood, and ' fprinkle the

5' And he fhall h kill the bullock before
the Lord : and the priefts, Aaron's fons,
. 4. 20-35. sc 5. fhall bring
tt6'l^'scz"' blood round about upon the altar that is
"' by the door of the tabernacle of the

Rom. 4. 25
-5. 19, Col. 1. 14,
19, 20. Dan. 9. 24.
h Ver. 11. &3.2,8,
13- & 4; 4. 15, 24,
. Z9. 8c 16. 15.. Mat.
20. 28. 8c xxvi.
xxvii. If. liii. Pf.
22. 1— 21. Zech.
13.7. John 10. 11,
15,17,18. IThef.
5'

congregation.

6 And he fhall k flay the burnt-offering,
and cut it into his pieces.
7 And the fons of Aaron the prieft
ivsti™h\l:%*: ^a^ ' Put ^re uPon tne aitar> anc* *ay t^e
-."z.'lf:^.' i^'" wood in order upon the fire.
8 And the priefts, Aaron's fons, fhall
lay the parts, the head, and the fat, in
i'-Vj'-^s," order upon the wood that is on the fire

fc Mat. xxvi. xxvii
PI. 22. 1— »i. &
69,1 — 21. John 12.
27, Sc xviii, xix.
If. liii.
"ICh. 6. 12.
13.7,

MaI°'26P31s.s,'p2et. which is upon the altar :
nch.48.2o,12i.&9. 9 But his ,l inwards and his legs fhall
is.' iKin.' il'-iS he wafh in water : and the prieft
33.Gal.4.4.-2Cor. .1
Jc. 21. If. 53. 10.
Tit. 2. 14.

the prieft fhall
burn all on the altar, to be a burnti
* I.^ex od'z9.%8' facrifice, an offering made by fire, of a

Pct: fweet favour unto the Lord.

a. 22. 2 Cor. 5, ai
• Ver. 13, 15,17. ch.
2. 2,9. & 3.5, n,
16. Heb. 2. 10. &
13. 11, 12. 1 Pet.
4. 1. Zech. 13.7,9.
Eph. 5. 1. Sc 1. 6.
t> See ver. 2, 3, If. 53.
6, 7. John 1. 29.
q Rom. 8. 3. 2 Cor.
5. 11.
T Sec ver. 5.

10 % And if his offering be
flocks, namely, of the p fheep,
for a burnt-facrifice;

of the
or of the
he fhall

1 goats,
bring it a male without blemifh.
1 1 And r he fhall kill it on the fide of

Reflections upon Chap. I. — In the oblation of thefe valua
ble, focial, patient, pure, and peaceful animals, let me behold my
all-excellent, focial, patient, peaceful, and holy Redeemer, as pre
fented before God in the council of peace, brought into this world,
and in due time prefented at Jerufalem ; as having our fins imputed
to him by his Father ; and as offered by himfelf a fweet-fmelling
facrifice, without fpot, unto Go'd, to vindicate and glorify his in
jured perfections, and to expiate our fin ! How willingly he pre
fented himfelf ! How painful and dolorous were his fufferings, and
chiefly thofe of his foul, while his love to us made him to lie in
the flames of his Father's wrath, bearing our fins ! He expired on
a profs, on the north-weft of Jerufalem, and extends the virtue of
his death chiefly to the north- weft parts of the world ! For us,
jjoor and deftitute criminals, he exerted all his care; fuffered his
foul and body to be divided afunder; but neither feparated from

Pefore Chrift
149°-

s Ver. 6— t.

the altar northward -before the Lord :
and the priefts, Aaron's fons, fhall
fprinkle his blood round about upon the
altar :
1 2 s And he fhall cut it into his pieces,
with his head and his fat : and the prieft
fhall lay them in order on the wood that
is on the fire which is upon the altar-:
13 'But he fhall wafh the inwards '*<=«"¦•*
and the legs with water : and the prieft
fhall bring it all, and burn it upon the
altar : it is a burnt-facrifice, an offering
made by fire, of a fweet favour unto the
Lord.
- 1 4 ^f And if the burnt-facrifice for his
offering to the Lord be of u fowls, then
he fhall bring his offering of . turtle
doves, or of young pigeons.
15 And the prieft fhall bring it unto
the altar, and* * wring off his head, and
burn it on the altar ; and the blood there
of fhall be wrung out at the fide of the
altar :
1 6 And he fhall pluck away his crop
with y his feathers, and caft it befide the
altar on the eaft-part, by the * place of
the afhes :
1 7 And a he fhall cleave it with the
wings thereof, but fhall b not divide it
afunder : and the prieft fhall burn it upon
the altar, upon the wood that is upon the
fire: it is a burnt-facrifice, an offering
made by fire, c of a fweet favour unto the
Lord. CHAP. II.
Here God ( I ) prefcribes the matter and manner of
thofe meat-offerings which were offered by themfelves,

u Ch. 5. 7. 8c 12. »,
Heb. 7. 26. Maw
II. 29.

x Or, pinch ofthe
head -with the nail,
ch. 5. 8. If. 53. 4,
5,10. Pf. 22.1—21.
Sc 69. 1—21. John
12. 27. Mat. xxvi*
xxvii.

yOt,'thef Ith thereof,
iPcc. 1— 11. 1.uko
1.35.
zCh.4. 12,21. 8c 6.
II. & 16. 27. Heb.
13. II— 13, 14.
a Gen. 15. 10. Mat^
X7.50. John 19. 30.
bPf. 16.10. Rom. 4.
25. I Pet. 3. 18. «
I. 19—21.

c Se»ver.9. Gen. I,
21.

his Godhead ! And, after lying in his grave, he put off every mark
of mortality and guilt, and afcends to his throne on the right hand
of God. What precious meat and drink-offerings of bleflingsi
and comfort to himfelf and to my foul do attend this oblation ! —
Let me therefore, all inflamed with his dying love, cheerfully ren
der to the Lord the beft that I have. Acknowledging myfelf the
fervant of death, and rejoicing that Jefus has borne my fins and
guilt, let me, though unworthy to enter into God's houfe, offer
my whole felf and all that I have to the Lord, as an holy facrifice,
acceptable through Jefus Chrift. Wafhed in every part, may my
whole foul be inflamed with the facred fire, the love of God flied
abroad in my heart by the Holy Ghoft ! May an holy .and prudent
zeal for the Lord confume and burn up every felfifh care' and in
ward corruption; and influence me earneftly to lay out all my
gifts and graces in winning poor finners to a God in Chrift I

Law tf meat-effmngs

CHAP. II.

and frf fruits.

B8rbre chrift
!49P<

« Ch. 6. 14. & g- 17-
Num. 15.1— 21. cc
xxviii xxix. John
6. 3S-57- Mal. i-
11. II. 66. 20.
b Exod. 29. 2. Num.
7.13, &c. John 12.
24. & 6. 35. & 3.
34. 1 John 2. I.
Rev. 8. 3.

c Ver. ,6. ch. 5. 12.
&6.15.&24.7.&
23. £4. Exod. 30.
ip. Sc 28. 11. 29.
Mum. 5.18. Pf. 84.
<j. &20. 3. Eph. 5.
2. Afts 10. 4. Neh.
13. 14, 22.
4 Num. 18.9, 10. ch.
'6. 16,17, 26. & to.
.22. & 7. 6. Sc 21.
22. If. 49. 5, 6.
Deut. 32. 9.
« Exod. 29. 27, 37.
ch. 6. 17,29. Sc 7.
6. &2i.22.vcr.io.
Num. 18.9.
i t Chr. 23. 28, 29.
Ezek. 36. 20. Pf.
zi. 14. Mat. 26.38.
John 12. 27.
££xod. 12. 8. ver. I,
, 11. ch. 6.17. Sc 10.
12. Heb. 7. 26.
. 1 Cor. 5. 7, 8.
I Pet. 2. 1, 22.
is Exod. 29. 2. John
3. 34- 1'- 42- 1- Sc
61. 1. & 44. 3— 5.
f Or on a fat ftate,
or Jlice.
iCh. 1.6. Pf. 22.1—
21. Mark xiv. xv.
John xviii. xix.

and not as appendages of animal oblations 5 viz. that
tb*y fhould confiift of raw flour, with incenfe, oil, and
fait; or of flour, oil, and fait, baked or fried; but
never have honey or leaven in them : and that, a
little of them being burnt on the altar to the Lord,
the reft fhould be given to the officiating prieft for
food; 1 — 13, (2) Direcls concerning the appoint
ed or voluntary offering of firft-fruits ; 11 — 16.
AND when any will offer a 4 meat
offering unto the Lord, his offering
fhall be of b fine flour ; and he fhall pour
oil upon it, and put frankincenfe thereon :
2 And he fhall bring it to Aaron's fons
the priefts : and he fhall take thereout
his handful of the flour thereof, and of
the oil thereof, with all the frankincenfe
thereof; and the prieft fhall burn the
c memorial of it upon the altar, to be an
offering made by fire of a fweet favour
unto the Lord.
3 And d the remnant of the meat
offering fhall be Aaron's and his fons : /'/
is a thing e moft holy of the offerings of
the Lord made by fire.
4 5[ And if thou bring an oblation of
f a meat-offering baken in the oven, it
fhall be s unleavened cakes of fine flour
mingled with oil, or unleavened wafers
h anointed with oil.
5 ^[ And if thy oblation be a meat
offering baken "•" in a pan, it fhall be of
fine flour unleavened, mingled with oil.
6 Thou fhalt 1 part it in pieces, and
pour oil thereon : it is a meat-offering.
7 ^[ And if thy oblation be a meat
offering baken' in the frying-pan, it fhall
be made of fine flour with oil.
8 And thou fhalt bring the meat
offering that is made of thefe things
unto the Lord : and when it is prefented

Reflections upon Chap. II. — While in thefe meat-offer
ings I contemplate Jefus Chrift as the fruit of the earth, prepared
"by the anointing influence of the Holy Ghoft, and by dolorous fuf
ferings, to be, as Mediator, the eternal delight of Jehovah, and
the delicate provifion of his ranfomed people, in a ftate of facerdo-
tal and holy fellowlhip with him, and the everlafting remembrancer
of both, let me, receiving of the Spirit of Chrift, with folemn
prayer and heart-burning affetftion, furrender myfelf to God

{.imp. II, Ver. -j.. This memorial put God, as it were, in mind of his covenant,
to accept Chrift, and his people's fervices through him. And it put them in mind
that all their ftore came from God, and ought to be dedicated to his fervice.
. Ver. 3. The moft holy provifion allotted for the priefts was to be eaten by them-
ftlves in the Tacred courts ; but the lefs holy things, as tithes, firft-fruits, &c. might
be eaten by them and their families elfewhere in Canaan; Num. xviii. 9, 10.
Deut. xii. 5 — 7, Sec.
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
14-1,0-

14. 'Th. 5. 2.
Zc.-h. 15. 7, 9.
Rom. 15. 16,

unto theprloft he (hail bring it unto the
altar. 9 And the prieft fliall take from the
meat-offering a memorial thereof, and
fliall burn it upon the altar : it. is an
k offering made by fire of a fweet favour k eoti. 29. is. ™-,
, O _ J 2.If.5).10.Pf.22
unto the JLord.
10 And that which is left of the meat
offering fhall be Aaron's and his- ions' ;
1 it is a thing moft hoiv of the offerings ' Exod- J9- 18. 37.
O J O iec ver. f.
of the Lord made by fire.
1 1 No meat-offering, which ye fliall
bring unto thc Lord, fhall be made with
leaven: for ye fliall burn no m leaven, nor •"*'*<*¦ 4- Bxt*,
any honey, in any offering of the Lord fpet.'L,"lC{'r.
made by fire. LS^: iiS
12 % As for the "oblation ofthe firft- ueZ'.z^scz,.
fruits, ye fliall offer them unto the Lord ; Pf^&E:
but they fliall not be burnt on the altar * r^-'-VT-'15'20'
for a fweet favour. 'bumonAe'atar,
ewr a 1 11* r 1 as tllere m>gnt be
1 3 ^| And every oblation of thy meat- jn°"?r an<l tovea
offering fhalt thou feafon with ° fait : oNu
neither fhalt thou fuffer the fait of the
covenant of thy God to be lacking from
thy meat-offc>ing : with all thine offer
ings thou fhalt offer fait.
14 ^F And if thou offer a p meat-offering P a,, n. ^. K 5J.
of thy firft-fruits unto the Lord, thou 2o7,M'aiI.<,or,,'.1-
fhalt offer for the meat-offering of thy
firft-fruits green ears of corn dried by
the fire, even corn beaten out of full ears.
15 And thou fhalt put oil upon it, and
lay frankincenfe thereon : it is a meat
offering. 1 6 And the prieft fhall 1 burn the 1 }& '' 4r7' '*•
memorial of it, part of the beaten corn $:3£7?i3:
thereof, and part of the oil thereof, with
all the frankincenfe thereof: it

^nm. 18.19. 2Chr.
13. 5. Ezra 7. 22.
Mark 9. 49 Ezek.
43.04- John l. 14,
16. Col. 4. 6.

Rom.
141.2.

IS

r Ver. 2, 9. Heb. 9.
an 14- Sc 5. 7, 8. Pt
offering made bv fire unto the Lord. mm^S.'liS
O J 22, 44.

through him, as a memorial that I was chofen from everlafting,
and fhall to eternity enjoy God as my all and in all ! Let me
avoid infectious corruptions, carnal pleafures, and human inven
tions, in the worfhip of God ; and have always my thoughts, my
fpeech, and my practice, feafoned with the purifying fait of fpiritual
grace ! And, while I take care to allow the minifters of the Lord their
due, let me, in an efpecial manner, confecrate the days of my youth,
and the firft-fruits of all my increafe, unto Jefus Chrift their Mafter !

Ver. 11. Leaven was forbidden in voluntary meat-offerings; (1) To put them in re
membrance of their hafty redemption from Egypt ; (2) To teach them to avoid human
inventions in the worfhip of God; (3) To mark the perfect purity of Chrift, and the
fincerity of his people's fervices. Honey was prohibited for much, the fame reafon •
for it hath a leavening virtue, and may fignify carnal pleafures.
Ver. 13. Salt was an emblem of fincerity and foundnefs in grace; purity, perfeve-
rance, and friendfhip ; and of the perpetuity of God's covenant.
X

Law ofthe peace-offerings

LEVI T1CUS

Before Chrift
1490.

CHAP.

III.

(1) Prefcribes the matter of peace-offerings; viz.
bullocks, heifers, fliecp, goats, male or female ; and
gives rules for prefenting, killing, fprinkling the blood
or burning the fat, in offerings from the herd; I — 5 ;
or firm thc flock of ' Jl)eep or goats; 6 — 16. (2) Pro
hibits the eating of fat or blood ; 17.
ND if his oblation be a facrifice of

a Ch.7. 11—19- *

._ 18. 21. Sc 19.5.
Jud£. 20.26. &2I.
4. 1 Kin. 8. 63.
iChr. 21.26. Mic.
5. S.Er.h. 1.13,14-
Col. t. m. 1 Cor.
5. 19,20. John 14.
b Zech. t;. 7- If- 9-
6, 7. Pf- 8c. 17-
Gal. 3. 28.

4. Col. 3. 11
d Ch. I.J. & 22. 18
— 25. Exod. 12. 5.
2 Cor. 5-2T. iPet.
2. 22. Heb. 7. 26.
eCh. 1.4. Exod. 29.
10. If. 53. 6. 2 Cor.
5.21. I Pet. 2. 24.
rch.i. —28.
g See ch .1. 5. If. 42.
zi. Sc 52, 14, 15.
Sc 53-H-

ver. 9,
ctf. 4. 8 — 10, 19,
26,31,3s. &« 25
—27. If. 53. 10.
John 12.27. ^ov-
23,26.

iCh. 1.0,13. ver. 3
i 1, 16. ll. 53, 4> 5

peace-offering, if he offer // of the
herd, whether it be a b male or c female,
he fhall offer it d without blemifh before
the Lord.
2 And he fliall c lay his hand upon the
head of his offering, and f kill it at the
c jeyi-'IVcai't- door of the tabernacle of the congrega
tion : and Aaron's fons the priefts fliall
s fprinkle the blood upon the altar round
about. 3 And he fliall offer of the facri£ce of
Ihluf.T.si the peace-offering an offering made by
fire unto the Lord ; h the fat that cover-
eth the inwards, and all the fat that is
^\l?s. upon the inwards,
z^^is &1P2S 4 And the two kidneys, and the fat
that is on them, which is by the flanks,
and the caul above the liver, with the
kidneys, it fliall he take away.
5 And Aaron's fons fhall ' burn it on
the k altar upon the burnt-facrifice, which

&0fil?if.4i.'»i: :s upon the wood that is on the fire: it is
with % Cor. 5. 19, r
an offering made by fire ' of a fweet fa

1 See Ch. 1.9, 13.
Gen. 8. 21. Eph,
5. 2. Rom. 12. I,
I Pet. 2. 5.
mVer. i.Eph. 1. 10.
8c z. 13—22. Gal.
4.4.
n A3s 4. 27. Rom.
12. 1, 2. Tit. 2.
11, 12.
0 Ver. 1, 12. Heb. 9.
14. Eph. 5. z.
p Ver. 2,13. If. 53-6,
11,12. lCor.5.21.
I Fet. 2. 24,
.1 Ver. 2. Heb. 10. 19
—11. Eph. 2. 18.
Sc 3- «•

by nre ' or a
vour unto the Lord.
6 % And if his offering for a facrifice
of m peace-offering unto the Lord be of
the flock, male- or female, he fhall offer
it "without blemifh.
7 If he offer a lamb for his offering,
then fhall he' ° offer it before the Lord.
8 And he fliall p lay his hand upon the
head of his offering, and q kill it before

: and
blood

Before Chrift,
I4-9Q-
rCh, 1. 5,'ii. vcr.^*
1 3.- Mat. 3. 17.
2 Cor. 5. 19.

ofthe herds orfo&kr.
the tabernacle of the congregatioi
Aaron's fons fhall r fprinkle the
thereof round about upon the altar.
9 And he fliall offer of the facrifice of
the peace-offering an offering made by
fire unto the Lord : the s fat thereof, %y^:i{l'J}
and the whole rump, it fhall he take off
hard by the back-bone ; and the fat that
covereth the inwards, and all the fat that
is upon the inwards ;
10 And the two kidneys, and the fat
that is upon them, which is bythe flanks,
and the caul above the liver, with the
kidneys, it fhall he take away.
1 1 And the prieft fliall c burn it upon
the altar : // is the food
made by fire unto the Lord.
1 2 ^ And if his offering be a
. then he fhall offer it before the Lord.
1 2 And he fliall y lay his hand upon
the head of it, and kill it before the ta
bernacle of the congregation : and the

u of the offering

goat,

t See ver.;, 16. Rom,
8.32. IiTjj. 4-m.
Pi. 22. 14.
u Num. 28. 2. Ezek,
44- 7- !-=»¦ 21. fV
8,17. 21,22. &22.
25. Mal. 1. 7, 12.

• ver. 1,6V

xCh. & 22. 19—27.
Rom. 8. 3. 2C01V
5.21. If. 53. 2, 6.
y Ch. 1. 4. »er. 2, 8.)
1 Pet. 2. 24. & j.
18. If. 53.6,11,12.

2, Cor

fons of Aaron fhall * fprinkle the blood **??*£?£.
II, 15— si. Heb.
12. 24. If. 52. 1 j..

Jer. 30. 21. Mat,
26. 38. Pf. 22. 14,
15. Prov. 23. 26.
M2t. 22, 37. Roiiu
lft. I, 2,

thereof upon the altar round about
1 4 And he fhall offer thereof his offer
ing, even an offering made by fire unto
the Lord ; the * fat that covereth the ^•'.'AHv.'.'i
inwards, and all the fat that is upon the
inwards, 15 And the two kidneys, and the fat
that is upon them, which is by the flanks,
and the caul above the liver, with the
kidneys, it fliall he take away.
1 6 And the prieft fliall burn them upon
the altar : /'/ is the food of the offering
made by fire for a fweet favour : b all thq
fat is the Lord's.
1 7 It fhall be a perpetual ftatute for your
generations throughout all your dwell
ings, that ye e eat neither fat nor blood.

bVer.v3,4.s,o— ir,
14, 15. Exod. 29.
13, 22. ch. 7. 23,
25. 8C4. 8 — 19,26,
31. & 8. 25. & 9.
24. Sc 17. 6, iSam.
2. 15,16. II. 53-IOi
Mat. 22. 37.
c See ver. 16. Gen. 9.
4. 1 Sam. 14. 32—
34. ch.7. 23,25—
27. 17. 10, 12, 14.
Deut. 12. 16, 23.
8c 15. 23. Eph.i.7-
& 5. 26. Heb. 10.
10. Ma£ 16.24. "

Reflections upon Chap. III. — Still in thefe peace-offerings
I behold Jefus, the Son of God and feed of the woman, making
peace for men with God, by the blood of his crofs, the travail of
his foul; and obtaining eternal redemption for us. Let me learn
then to thank God for every mercy received, and feek every bleff
ing which I need, through Jefus' atonement, furrendering my foul

wholly to his fervice and honour ; fo fhall I at once be a fweet
favour to my God, the rejoicing of minifters, and a comfort to
myfelf and my friends. But never let me dare to make ufe of any
thing relating to the Lord, and exhibiting his Chrift, as if it wera
a common thing, or forget the fmalleft of his injunctions ; but re-i
ceive his truth in love, and diligently obferve his precepts.

Chap. HI. Ver. 1. Peace-offerings were offered ; (1) To obtain fome blefling de
fired ; or (2) To thank God for fome mercy received. And, as they refpecled the
offerer's own advantage, he was allowed to offer either male or female.
Ycc. 3. Here only the fat or tallow was the Lord's portion; the officiating prieft
fcad the -breaft, the right moulder, the cheeks, and the maw; chap. vii. 30. to 32.
Deut. xviii. 3j and the offerer had the reft to feaft upon with his friends; chap, vii.
j 5, 16. 4

Ver. 5. It was to be burnt upon the burnt-facrifice, to mark that we are firft tq .
be reconciled to God by the death of Chrift, before any of our feWices can be accepted.
Ver. 17. They were prohibited to eat fat or blood; (1) To teach them to beware
of inhuman cruelties; (2) To exercife them in obedience, fe'f-dcnial, and mortifica
tion, of their appetites; (3) To direct them to confider their reJerrrptioa as obtained
only by the blood, and. .tbsir fonifctficution eftsited by the Spirit, of Chritt, and. ftf>t ot"
themfelves.

Law offn-cffieringsfor a prief,

CHAP. IV.

or the congregation.

rfefore Chrill
1490.

CHAP. IV.

Ver. 1 j, 11.17. ch.
5. 15, 17. Num. 15.
44. Deut. ig. 4.
• lien. 9. 7. Sc 5.2,.
1 Tim. 1. 13.

Prefcribes the matter of fin-offering for crimes commit
ted. through ignorance ; a,nd directs how to prefent^
Ailly fprinkle, the bloody or burn the fiejh or fat of
( 1 ) The -buttock for a prieft, or the occafimal fin of
the congregation ; I — 12, 13 — 21. (2j The male
kid for a ruler \ 22 — 26. (3) A female kid for a
private perfon ; 27-— 35.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
faying, If a foul fhall fin a through igno
rance againft any of the commandments
of the Lord concerning things which

ought not to be

done, and fhall do againft

bCh. it. 10.&6.T2.
Laiod. 19. 21. Heb.
. 5«j..&9. 7. ijohn
-a.-i, 2.

cVer.T4.'&o."z. &
16. 6,-11. ,ch. 1. 3.
'Sc J 1. Tit.z. 14.
| aCor.5. 2.1,
dCh.j.3-5.If.Sj. ar— ia. Rev. 5. d.
I Pet. 1. 18, 19.&
a. 24. & 3. 18.
¦iijoha 1.7. &2.*2.
& 4. 9, 10. Mat.
20. n. Sc 26. 2S.

« Ver. 16, 17. & 16.
I4V 19. Num. 19.
4. Rum. 5. 10, 11,
X$-rii. ijobn 1.
-7. Heb. 9. 14. &
10.14,19, 20.
.iCor, 5. 11.

fVer.17.-ch. t6- t£
15. If. 42. 21. &
53. icr., Zech.. !?.
I. John 8. 29. Eph.
5.2. Rom. 3.24 —
26. 2 Cor. 5. 19—
£1.
gCh. 16. iS. Exod.
3c. ic. Heb. 2. 10.
¦-&7. 25. "

tVer. 18, 30, 34. &
5. 9. li. 42. 21.
2 Cor. 5. 19,-Eph.
2. 13—18. Rev. 5.
9-C0I. 1. 14.

iCh.3. 3— 5,9—11,
14—16. & )6. 25.
tf, 31,35. If. S3-
ic, Joha iz. 27,

any of them :
2 If the b prieft that is anointed do fin
according to the fin of the people ; then
let him bring for his fin, which he hath
finned, a c young bullock without ble
mifh unto the Loup for a fin-offering.
4 And he fhall d bring the bullock unto
the door of the tabernacle ofthe congre
gation before the Lord ; and fhall lay his
hand upon the bullock's head, and kill
the bullock before the Lord.
5 And the prieft that is anointed fhall
e take of the bullock's blood, and bring it
to the tabernacle of the congregation.
6 And the prieft fhall dip his finger in
the blood, and fprinkleof the blood feven
times f before the Lord, before the vail of
the fandtuary.
7 And the prieft fhall put fome of the
blood £ updn the horns ofthe altar of fweet
incenfe before the Lord, which is in the
tabernacle of the congregation ; and fhall
hpour all the blood of the bullock at the
bottom of the altar of the burnt-offering,
which is at the door of the tabernacle of
the congregation.
8 And he fliall take off from it all the
1 fat of the bullock for the fin-offering ;
the fat that covereth the inwards, and all
the fat that is upon the inwards,
9 And the two kidneys, and the fat that
is upon them, which is by the flanks,

Before Chrift
14<;o.

and the caul above the liver, with the _
•kidneys, it fhall he take away ;
10 As it was taken off from the bullock
of the facrifice of peace-offerings : and
the prieft fliall burn them upon the altar
of the burnt-offering.
1 1 k And the fkin of the bullock, and k%t%l]±t
all his flefh, with his head, and with
his legs, and his inwards, and his dung,
1 2 Even the whole bullock fhall he
carry forth ' without the camp unto a
clean place, where the afhes are poured
out, and burn him on the wood with
fire: + where the afhes are poured out
fhall he he burnt.

19. 5. Heb. it. 11.
II, 1J.F1. lOJ.li.

1 JJeb. to toilh-ai the
cdm/>, ver. si. ch.
6. 11. Sc 16. z-i.

f Heb, ist tie pouring
out of the ajhes.

J3
Ifrael

f[ And if the whole congregation of
iin m through ignorance, and the

thing be hid from the eyes of the aflem
bly, and they .have donefomewhat againfl
any of the commandments of the Lord,
concerning things which fhould not be
done, and are guilty ;
14 When the fin which they have
finned againft it is known, then the
congregation fhall offer a n young bullock
for the fin, and ° brine him before the

m See ver. 2. ch. y.
z, 3. Nura 15. 24.
Heb. 5. 2. &9. 7.
1 Tim. 1. 13. with
-Heb. 10. zbr-rZty,
As the whole con
gregation ofcir.ed
the lame offering
as one "prie'il, fb
their offerirg was
prefented" iii" (he
.iarne manner.

n See ver. 3,

tabernacle of the congregation. the

o See ver, 4.

1 5 And p the elders of
gation fliall lay their hands upon the head
of the bullock before the Lord : and
the bullock fliall be killed before the
Lord. 16 And the prieft that is anointed fliall
bring of the bullock's blood to the taber
nacle of the congregation :
1 7 i And the prieft fhall dip his finger
in fome of the blood, and fprinkle /'/
feven times before the Lord, even before
the vail.
18 And he fhall put fome of the blood
upon the horns of the altar r which is
before the Lord, that is in the tabernacle
of the congregation, and fhall pour out
all the blood at the bottom of the altar
of the burnt-offering, which is at the
door of the tabernacle of the

rnno-rc. PVer- 4'M>M< iv>
cuiisire- ch. 8. 14, in, *z.

& 1. 4. &r 3. i,!»,
ij. 8c 16. 21. Heli.
7. 12. If. 51. 6, 1 1.
a Cor. 5. 2!. I Pet.
z. 24, Sc ;. 18. Sc
z. 18. 19.

q Sec ver. 6, 7-

r The ri'.-ir or
ensile, ver. 7

congre

gation.

Chap. IV. Ver. i. To mark the fins of priefts and of congregations as greater
than thofe of rulers or of private perfons; (i) The offering muft be more valuable,
a tdlock; (2) The blood muft be fprinkled on the altar of incenfe; (3) The whole

flefh ofthe bullock muft be burnt; whereas a lamb or kid is only required from ruleis
or private perfons: the blood is but fprinkled on the' altar of thc bul-nt-vtTcring ; .tuJ"
the fat only is burnt, and the flefh. rcferved for the oificiiling priefts. -
X 2

Law of fin-offering for a ruler

LEVITICUS.

and a private perfon.

si. John II. £Q.
y Exod. i8. 21, 22.
Num. 16. 2.

"1^^" 19 And he fhall take all his » fat from
sver. 8-10,16, 51, him, and burn it upon the altar.
&s'i!.£&i4.'i£ 20 And he fhall do with the bullock as
Kum 15. 25. With , ,
f&Vn. ' «e did with the bullock for a fin-offering,
t see ver. as. fo fhall he do with this : and ( the prieft
fhall make an atonement for them, and
"rr^'bof!" u [t flia11 be forgiven them-
14.&V13. Rom! 2 1 And he fhall carry forth the bullock
3.24. 2 Cor. 5 21. J
^4. 25- &s- without the camp, and burn him as he
x ir. H- 4-6,".«. burned the firft bullock: it is a x fin-
Mat. 20.28. iTim. rr . .
t.s,6. z cor. s.. offering for the congregation.
22 % When a ? ruler hath finned, and
done fomewhat through ignorance againfl
any of the commandments of the Lord
his God concerning things which fhould
not be done, and is guilty ;
23 Or if his fin, wherein he hath
finned, come to his knowledge ; he fhall
**?&£?f' brine his offering, a * kid of the goats, a
2 Cor. 5. zi. Gal. 1° • 1 1 1 -n &
4- 4,5. & 3- u- male without blemifh:
> see ver. iS. 24 And "he fhall lay his hand upon
hCnT&l.t%%, the head of the goat, and kill it in b the
II: Exod. % f: place where they kill the burnt-offer -
csee ver. 2,, 31,35. ing before the Lord : c it is a fin-offer
ing. 25 And the prieft fliall take of the
blood of the fin-offering with his finger,
""¦ggif&t and put /'/ d upon the horns of the altar
l'.titz%K">'& of burnt-offering, and fhall pour out his
blood at the bottom of the altar of burnt-
offering. 26 And he fliall burn all his fat upon
* ™i.l'A)"s*' the altar, as the e fat of the facrifice of
peace-offerings : and the prieft fhall make
an atonement for him as concerning his
fin, and it fhall be forgiven him.
f rfCiA?. * oi: 27 51 And if f any one of the + common
is'i3?'*rtEccvi!r7. people fin through ignorance, while he
1 People of the land, doth fomewhat againfl any of the com
mandments of the Lord concerning things
which ought not to be done, and be
guilty ;
28 Or if his fin, which he hath finned,
come to his knowledge : then he fhall

Before Chrift
1490.

bring his offering, a e kid of the goats, a
female without blemifh, for his fin which iveTIjTlTelT/
lit/-! " 6. Cen. 3.15.1X7.
he hath finned. ?&$£?£
29 And he fhall h lay his hand upon k see ,Cr. 4,,$,^
the head of the fin-offering, and flay the
fin-offering in the place of the burnt-
offering. 30 And the prieft fhall take of the
blood thereof with his finger, and put it
'upon the horns of the altar of burnt-- ! ^v*"*
offering, and fhall pour out all the blood £VM'&
thereof at the bottom of the altar.
31 kAnd he fhall take away all the k^y-^
fat thereof, as the fat is taken away from ,0,,*i6-"-
off the facrifice of peace-offerings ; and
the prieft fhall burn // upon the altar for
a l fweet favour unto the Lord ; and the 1 **¦*%£
prieft fhall make an atonement for him, fL\?it&tt
-1 • n 11 1 r • 1 * 3- & 91 12, 14, 15.
and it fhall be forgiven bim. *,£,!? &V&
32 And if he bring a m lamb for a fin- *>-^-W
offering, he fhall bring it a female without "S^
O * o aa. John 1. 29, 30.
blemifh. ZStf&ty*
22 And he fhall lay his hand upon the Ipli.^li.*
head of the fin-offering, and flay it for a
fin-offering in the place where they kill
the burnt-offering.
34 And the prieft fhall take of the
blood of the fin-offering with his finger,
and put it n upon the horns of the altar of "I*'^'^!'*
/^- • i/ill 11 John 17. 19. U.4Z.
burnt- offering, and fhall pour out all *'-&*°m;8- *>
the blood thereof at the bottom of the L^fcY."**
. 1. 18, 19.
altar :
25 ° And he fhall take away all the fat ° **¦>«¦ &
thereof, as the fat of the lamb is taken
away from the facrifice of the peace-
offerings ; and the prieft fhall burn them pch.i..uii..v.r.
upon the altar, p according to the offerings , ver. 20,26, p. ch.
made by fire unto the Lord: and *the

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — In thefe offerings Jefus is yet
reprefented as the ftrong and patient fading; as the Lamb of God,
and yet in the likenefs of finful flefh ; laden with my imputed
tranfgreffions, and fuffering the punifhment thereof in his whole
man, but chiefly in his foul, that I through him may obtain for
givenefs. While 1 here difcover how fin is aggravated, according to
the ftation cr number of the offenders, let me efpecially reflect how

5.6,10,11.016,7.
& 12. «. &14. is,

prieft fhall make an atonement for his &•*'<£ ii.?»s.

Heb. 7. Z&..1

fin that he hath committed, and it fhall ,l'EPh!5i>rn':
, r ¦ , • 4.25.&56-11.
be forgiven him. m-rh^i^r.

C H A P. V.

20. & 8. ',3,4- Sc
10.4. iCor. 5.11.
ijohni.7. Scz.z.
8c 4. 9,10. Rev. I.
5.9, 1 Pet.

Prefcribes the matter, and direcls the management, of \Vii,il,.'Scz.i^
trefpafs-offerings, which perhaps related to particu-. „f '7. cH.!. V. C '
criminal and odious that muft be which cannot be remitted without
fhedding of blood — the blood of God ! How tremendous the juf-
tice of God, that can by no means clear the guilty! Let me, with
the priefts, never attempt to gain pleafure or prof.t by my fins ;
but, whenever I find myfelf guilty of evil, let there be an imme
diate application to Jefus, as made fin for me that I might be made
the righteoufnefs of God in him.

Laws of trefpafs-offerings

C H A P. V.

Before Chrift
1490.

tar cafes, excepted from the general rules of fin-offer
ings. (1) In feveral cafies the offering was to be a
lamb or kid; \ — 6. (2) If the offender was poor,
two doves were required; 7 — 10 ; or, if he was
very poor, only an omer of fine flour ; II — 13. Bui,
(3) for facrilege, committed through ignorance, it was
to be a ram; 14 — 17.
AND if a a foul fii\, and b hear the
voice of fwearing, and is a witnefs,
whether he hath feen or known of it ; if
CC1..19.8.&M.17. he do not utter //, then he fhall bear c his
be held a guilty .... 7
partakerinthefin. IftlQUltV
d Num. 16. 16. ch.
11. S, 31, 39.

gVer. 15, 17.
b Prov. 19. 24. Mat.

thing,

2 Or if a foul d touch any unclean
whether // be a carcafe of an
unclean beaft, or a carcafe of unclean
cattle, or the carcafe of unclean creep-
,Pr.i,?.„.,johning thingSj and ^rit be ehidden from
he alfo fhall be f

unclean, and

gCh. xii. xiii. xv. &
zz. 13.

"¦eCZ'%l'leTi?' him ;
5.22. Eph. j. 11. '
guilty. 3 Or if he touch the & uncleannefs of
man," whatfoever uncleannefs /'/ be that a
man fhall be defiled withal, and it be hid
from him; when he knoweth of it, then
he fhall be guilty.
h mthly, 1 Sam. 14. ~. . - ° r. J , , -
^¦^^Mat. 4 Ur it a ioul n fwear, pronouncing
J^s-ii.30,3,.' with his lips todo evil, or to do good,
whatfoever // be that a man fhall pro
nounce with an oath,, and it be hid from
him ; when he knoweth of it, then he
fhall be guilty in one of thefe.
^5 And it fhall be, when he fhall be
guilty in one of thefe things, that he fhall
VSy-jo7; Tsi * confefs that he hath finned in that
VtitV?" thing:

k Ver. 14. ch. 6. 6.
&14.12.&19.ZI,zi. If. 53. 10,

6 And he fhall bring his k trefpafs-
offering unto the Lord for his fin which
'^'cJn'j:?;.1, be hath finned, a ' female -from the
li. Rom. ^.y1, flock, a lamb or a kid of the goats, for a
»seech.4.3j. fin-offering; m and the prieft fhall make
an atonement for him concerning his fin.
*?cor:l.fj^: 7 f And if n he be not able to bring a
lamb, then he fhall bring for his trefpafs,
,C^K» which he hath committed, ° two turtje-
°r's'"' doves, or two young pigeons, unto the
pver.6.feech.iv. L^rd; one / *or a fin-offering, and the
other for a burnt -offering.
8 And he fhall bring them unto the
prieft, who fhall offer that which is for
*x:LT4ri'sfi the fin-offering firft, and * wring off his
head from his neck, but fhall not divide
;'/ afunder :

touching an unclean thing, &c.
9 And he fhall ' fprinkle of the blood ¦*£,£""
of the fin-offering upon the fide of the TchT^sT^lZ
altar; and 'the reft ofthe blood fhall be «!'iI0
wrung out at the bottom of the altar : it sCh- W'i0> "•
is a fin-offering.
10 And he fhall c offer the fecond for 'l^fV7'
a burnt-offering, according to the man
ner : and the prieft fhall make an
u atonement for him, for his fin which ^l^'fl^il6^
he hath finned, and it fhall be forgiven isMn°™."* "*
him. 11 ^f But if he be not able to bring
two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons,
then he that finned fhall bring for his
offering the x tenth part of an ephah of xV^ej'""^ Ex<A
7 fine flour for a fin-offering; he fhall put y ch. a. Num. xv.
'no oil upon it, neither fhall he put any ir-''4-*-nM'24"
frankincenfe thereon ; for it is. a fin- ^^luffff-it

offering.

PI. 22. I— 21. Sa
69. I— -ZI.

1 2 Then fhall he bring it to the prieft,
and the prieft fhall take his handful of it,
* even a memorial thereof, and burn it *^'f£9e?i't14f
on the altar, according to the offerings uJ^zl^flf.
, , r it • ¦ r & Luko.2*. 44. .
made by fire unto the JLord r it wa lin-
offering. ¦
1 3 b And the prieft fliall make an atone- >>s« <*• ¦*• 35-.
ment for him as touching his fin that he
hath finned in one of thefe, and. it fhall
be forgiven him-: and c the remnant \\hcn\c^'fl^i7:g.
be the prieft's, as a meat-offering.
14 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes*
faying, 15 If a foul commit a trefpafs, and .fin
d through ignorance, in the holy things * «;*¦£?¦&*£
of the Lord ; then he fhall bring for his fi'eb^'zf&g'v.
trefpafs unto the Lord a e ram without e ^V^ts*™ &
blemifh out of the flocks, f with thy «¦'«-*¦*«¦
eftimation by fhekels of filver, after the ft^***"*
fhekel of the fanftuary , - for a trefpafs-
offering :
16 £ And he fhall make amends for the * f £%%,%{'
harm that he hath done in the holy thing, f^J^6-
and fhall add the fifth part thereto, and
give it unto the ..prieft : . and the prieft
fhall make an atonement for him with
the ram of the trefpafs-offering, . and it
fhall be forgiven him.
17 ^fh And ifa foul fin, and commit hs««*-.>s-
any of thefe things which are forbidden
to be done by the commandments of the

Laws of trefpafs-offerings ;
Lord ; though he ' wift it not, yet is he
guilty, and fhall bear his iniquity.
1 8 And he fhall bring a k ram without
blemifh out of fhe flock, with thy efti-
mation, for a trefpafs-offering,
prieft: and 1 the prieft fliall
atonement for him concerning
ranee wherein he erred and wift it not,
and it fhall be forgiven him.
19 It is a m trefpafs-offering : he hath
certainly trefpafied againft the Lord.

LEVITICUS.

Before Chrift
M9°'
iPf. 19. 13. Luke 12.
48. Keb. 5. 2.
k Ver. 15. Fxod. arj.
1. ch.6. 6. 1 Tim.
2. 5, 6. Zech. 13.
7. Pf. 8d. 17.
1 Ch. 1. 4. .& 4. 20,
16, 31/35. & 6.7.
& 12.8. &14. 18.
Num. 15. 25. fee
th. 4. 35.

unto the
make an
his ig;no-

m Ver! 6, 1,1$, x6.
ch.6- 5,6. &7- 1,
7. & 14. 12—14,
21, 25, 31. If. 5J.
10. Heb. 10. 10,12,
14. I John 1. 7.
2 Cor. 5.21. Rom.
4- IS- iPet. 3. 18.

a Wittingly, not as
in ch. 5. 2, 3, 15,
17. or prcumptu-
oufly, Num. 15.
b Num. 5.6. Afts 5.
4. Gen. 20. 6.
2 Sam. 12. 9.
c Ch. 19. ti. Judf.
9. 25. Luke 19.8.

f Heb. putting of the
¦hand.

* Cr 5. 16. &22. 14.
rb.od. 22. I — 9.
Num. 5. 7,3. Luke
to. 8. Ezek. 18.7,
,12, 16, «i.

CHAP VI.
Prefcribes ( I ) Reftitution, with a ram for a trefpafs-
offering, in cafes of common difi)onefty ; I- — 7. — [This
ought to have been placed in the preceding chapter. J
(2) Returns to preficribe further laws concerning
the offerings formerly directed ; as, ( I ) That the
aflnes ofthe 'burnt-offerings fijouldbe removed from the
brazen altar, and the facred fire be perpetually kept
burning on it; 8— 13. ' (2) That the part of the
people's meat-offerings, which was not burnt io the
Lord, fhould be food for the priefts ; and the priefis'
¦ meat-offering wholly burnt ; 14 — 23. (3) Thatthe
. flefh of fin-offerings of particular perfons, except of
priefts, or of goat fin -offerings for the people, except
of 'that on the day of expiation,' fhould be food for the
priefts ; the utenfils in which it was boiled fhould be
purified, and nothing ofthe blood carried without the
court; 24 — 30.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes?
faying,
2 If a foul a fin, and commit a trefpafs'
b againft the Lord, and c lie unto his
neighbour in that which was delivered

him to keep, or * in '"I" fellowfhip, or in
a thing taken away by violence, or hath
deceived his' neighbour ;
3 Or have found that -which was
a loft, and lieth concerning it, and fwear-
eth falfely; in any of all thefe that a
man doth, finning therein ;
4 c Then it fhall be, becaufe he hath
finned and is guilty, that he fhall reftore
that which he took violently away, or the

Orimthe4&$,;i bciti° found gtttttj,
$ Heb. in the day of
his trefpafs.
g'Ch. 5. 15,18.jphii
I. ». I.. 5J. 6, 4>
5, 8, 10, 11, 12,

l3,n8tftM.8.r& I.J. 18. &.I. if &
9. 7. xvi. Heb.' 1.
3. &9..14, tc.lSs
vs.. 10^-18.- Rom.
8- h 3.4,3^-3+'

for facr-ifce^ "&£->
thing which' he hath deceitfully gotten, "gff*
or that which was delivered him to keep,
or the loft thing which he found,
5 Or all that about which he hath
fworn falfely; he fhall even f reftore it f"-85-$atN™5s.
in the principal, and fhall add the fifth g&2;*J
part more thereto, and give it unto him
to whom it appertaineth, " § in the day
of his trefpafs-offering.
6 And he fhall bring his s trefpafs-
offering unto the Lord, a ram without
blemifh out of the flock, with thy efti-
mation, for a trefpafs-offering, unto the
prieft : :
7 h And the prieft fhall make an atone- "S^^g
ment for him before the Lord.: and it
fhall be forgiven him for any thing of
all that he hath done in trefpaffing
therein. 8 ^ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 9 Command Aaron and his fons, fay
ing, This is the law ofthe A burnt-offer
ing. It is the burnt-offering, k becaufe
of the burning upon the altar all night
unto the morning, and the fire of the
altar fhall be burning in it.
10 And the prieft fhall put on his
1 linen garment, and his linen breeches ' ^A^l41'
fhall he put upon his flefh, and take up
the afhes which the fire hath m confumed
with the burnt-offering on the;altar, and
he fliall put them befide the altar.
1 1 And he fliall aput off his garments,
and put on other garments, and carry
forth the afhes without the camp unto a
clean place.
12 And the ° fire upon the altar fhall "IXe^'fi
11 • • • -nil 1 U- 7- Hcb- 9- '*•
be burning in it; it fhall not be put f°>- ••»• »''¦«•
out : and the prieft fhall burn wood on
it every .morning, and p lay the burnt- ".j1!'1'8'9'"''3'
offering in order upon it; and he q fhall ^^V-iI5''

i Ch. i. Exod. 29. 3}
— 42. Num.
xxviii. xxix. *
kVer. 12, 13.

3, ch. 16. 4.
tzek. 44. 17, 18.
Rom. 8. 3. Rev.
19. 8.
m Ch. i. Pf. 22. 13,
14.If.5j. 10. Mat.
16. 38'. John 12. zj.

n Ezek. 44. ^9-ch,
4.12, 21. & 14, 40,
41. & 16. 27. Heb.
13. n— 13. Luke
H- S3-

Reflections upon Chap. V. — How neceffary is it to have
a particular fight and fenfe of our fins ! It therefore becomes us to
keep an univerfal guard over all the powers of our foul and mem
bers of our body; and over none more than our tongue. Griev
ous is the crime of robbing God and his minifters ! And, however
mortifying, an honeft reftitution is neceffary. Nor have we any
reafon to believe, our crime pardoned while we retain the wages of
unrighteoufnefs; for all fin is unfavoury to the truly penitent foul !
But "blefs the Lord, O my foul, that" the oblation- of Jefus Chrift,

the Lamb of God,— rof Jefus, the corn of wheat,T-fuits every tref
pafs which I can be guilty of! Blefs him that herein provifion is
made for the vileft finner of mankind, and the pooreft mortal upon
earth ; and that poverty is no bar in our way to heaven through
him, nor our accefs to the God of heaven. Meanwhile, let me
take heed to my ways, . that I fin not with my heart, my hand, or
my tongue ; fince -nothing lefs than the blood pf God can expiate
the moft unwitting and involuntary miftake !

further laws concerning burnt-offerings, CHAP, VI.

meat and Jin offerings*

gefwe Chrift
H9°<

burn thereon the fat of the peace-offer

r Ver. 9, 12. !£. 33.
14. iThef. 1. 10.
Rev. 34. 10, 11,
Mark 9. 43— 49-
feCh.2. 1— 11. Num.
15. 4, 9. John 6.
ja— 58. Gal. 2. 20.

ings.

t Ch. x. 3. Num. 18.
9, 10. John 6. 33,
- 35..G"al.2.2o. Eph.
3*19. 1. Car. C3> 13,
14,
u Exod. 12. 8. 1 Cor,
5.8.
x Ch. 2. 3, 10. Sc 10.
12, 13. 8c j. 6, 5c
24. 9. ver. 21.
yeh.2.11. iPet.2.

7. Num. iS. 9, 10.
^Exod.29. 37;. ch. 2.
3,10. ver. 29. & 7.
1, 6, 7. Sc ai. 22.
Heb. 7. 26. Luke
^ 1. 35. xBcUz. 22.
% Cur. 5. 21.
t Exod. 29. 33,. ver.
29. ch.7. 6. &24.
9. & 22. 4 — 7. &
10. 12, 13. John 6.
.5;-S6.Song5. 1.
if. 65. 4.OC 132.5.

e-Exod. £9. 37* ver.
27. ch. i2. 4—6.
Ez^a 2. 63.
dSce ch. 1. \. Exod.
25.21 Num. rs. 8.
Heb, i.i. Rev.1.1.

e Exod, xxix. ch.
viii. ix.
f Exod. 16. 18, 36.
ch.5.11. five pints.
g Exod, 29. k, 39.
lbs was offered
every day along
-with the daily
meat-ottering for
the Tewifh nation,
Heb. 7. 27.

b Ch. 2. 5, 7.

13 ' The fire fliall ever be burning
upon the altar ; it fhall never go out.
14 % s And this is the law of the meat
offering : the fons of Aaron fhall offer it
before the Lord, before the altar.
1 5 And he fhall take of it his handful,
of the flour of the meat-offering, and of
the oil thereof, and. all the frankincenfe
which is upon the meat-offering, and
fhall burn it upon the altar for a fweet
favour, even the memorial of it unto the
Lord. 1 6 And the ' remainder thereof fhall
Aaron and his fons eat : with u unleaven
ed bread fhall it be eaten v in the holy
place ; in the court of the tabernacle of
the congregation they fhall eat it.
17 It fhall not be. y baken with leaven.
1 1 have given it unto themfor their portion
of my offerings made by fire : it is * moft
holy, as is the fin-offering, and as the
trefpafs-offering. 1 8 AH the b males among the children
of Aaron fhall eat of it. It. fall be a
ftatute for ever in your generations con
cerning the offerings of the Lord made
by fire : 9 every one that toucheth them
fhall be holy.
19 ^f d And the Lord fpake unto
Mofes, faying,
2© This is the offering of Aaron and
of his fons, which they fhall offer unto
the Lord e in the day when he is anoint
ed ; the f tenth part of an ephah of fine
flour for sa meat-offering perpetual, half
of it in the morning, and half thereof at
night. 2 1 In a h pan it fliall be made with oil ;
and when it is baken thou fhalt bring it

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — Behold the criminal and
odious nature of difhonefty in God's fight ! No forgivenefs thereof,
even through the blood of Jefus, is to be expected, but in the way
of reftoring that which hath been unjuftly acquired. While,
therefore, I take heed to put far away my. corruptions, and to put
due honour upon the ordinances of God, let love to him perpe
tually burn in my heart, as the effect of his everlafting love to me;
nor 1st any human invention be ever mixed' with my worfhip of
mm. The Lord's minifters fhould be always duly, though not
rifcely, fupported. But let them never expeft profit or fubfiftence

in : and the baken pieces *" of the meat
offering fhalt thou offer ' for a fweet
favour unto the Lord.
22 And the prieft of his fons that is
k anointed in his ftead fhall offer it : it is
a ftatute for ever unto the Lord; it fliall
be ' wholly burnt : .
23 * For every meat-offering for the
prieft fliall be wholly burnt ; it fliall not
be eaten.
24 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 25 Speak unto Aaron and to his fons,
faying, m This is the law of the fin-
offering : In the place where the burnt -
offering: is killed fliall the fin-offering: be
killed before the Lord : n it is moft
holy. 26 The ° prieft that offereth.it for fin
fhall eat it : p in the holy place fhall it be
eaten, in the court of the tabernacle of
the congregation.
27 q Whatfoever fhall touch the flefh
thereof fhall be holy: and, when there is
fprinkled of the blood thereof upon any
garment, thou (halt r wafh that whereon
it was fprkikled in the holy place.
28 s But the earthen veffel wherein it
is fodd'en fliall be broken :• and, if it be
fodden in a brazen pot,, it fhall be both
fcoured and rinfed in water.
29 r All the males among the, priefts
fhall eat thereof: it- is moft holy.
30 And no "fin-offering, whereof ^/y
of the blood is brought into the taber
nacle of the congregation to reconcile
withal in the holy p7ace9 fhall be eaten :
it fliall be burnt in the fire.

Before Chrift
T49°-
f Perhaps fix caked
in the morning,
a'id other fix at
night.
i See ch. 1. 9. & z.
I, 9' «•
k Ch. 4. 3. to be lis
iUccefibx.

1 Exod. 29. 15, 18.
M<it. 23. 23. Dan.
9. 26.
* Priefts never got
the pneft's fhare
of their own offer
ings, at leaft- of
fuch v, zvc. offered
aa fnr the high-
prieft.

mCh. r. 3, 5, if. &¦
Mat.^ t6. z.t. OJ2-J,
iS. Scxxyi. xxviii

n fee. ver. 17, 18,29,
& 7. i, 67.

0 Ch. 2T. 22. &-30-
17. Ezek. 44. 7,0.
Exod. 20. ;j.
Num. 18. o, id.
Hef". a. 8. GaL z.
2u. John 6. 53,57.
p See ver. 16.

qVer.iS, 26. ch.22.
3— 7. Exod. 29.3,7.

r Ch, 11. yz, jj,
2 Cor. 7. 1, 11,
Mat. 7. 6. Heb.
10, 29.
s Ch, 11, 33. te 15,
12. Num. 31. 23.
Heb. 9, 10, 11.
2 Cor. 5. t — 7.

t See ver. 17, 18. Sc
Exod. 29. 33.

UCh.4.3— -2.T.&.I<5.
1 1 — 27. Heb. $. q
15. & ip.ls— M*-*
13. II. i

CHAP. VII.
Prefcribes (i) The priefts fhare of trefpafs and. fin-
offerings for particular perfons, and of mcat-offer-

by their fin?, or attempt to expiate them ; let the whole guilt
thereof terminate upon Jefus., who finifhed trrmfgreflion, and made
an end of fin: and let them gratefully ferve him as their great High
Priefr. While I perceive the infufficiency of thefe legal, oblations,
which even produced and tranfmitted uncleannefs, I would reve
rence the blood of my Redeemer, and hope that, when my earthly
tabernacle fhall be diffolved, by the effectual application thereof I
fliall ' be prefented without fpot or wrinkle, or any fuch thing, ia
the prefence of his heavenly Father.

Priefs' or officers" /hares of

LEVITICUS.

Before Chrift
149°'

ings and burnt -offerings mi by whom and where
what was to be eaten Jhould be ufed\ t— -io. [%)
The priefls* and offerers' /bares ofthe peace-offerings ;
and where ', wheny and by whom, they fhould be eaten ;
II — 21, 28 — 34. (3) A repeated prohibition cf
emting the fat of animals proper for facrifice^ or of
any bloody under the pain of death , 22 — 27. (4) An
intimation that all the preceding laws were hnme- .
diately prefcribed by God; 35 — 38.

a Ch. 5. 1— 19. &6.
1—^7. Sc 14. 13. &
21. 22. I Pet. 2.
- 22. 24-
b See ch. 6. 17, 25,
29. Sc 21. "22.
cCh. 1. 3, 5, 11. &
6. 25. & 4. 24, 29,
33. Mat. 20. 18,
19. 8c 16- 21. Sc
xxvi. xxvii.

IS

the

it is

law of
moft

'fiCh, 1. 5,15. Sc 3. 2.
' "8, ij. with ch. 4.
7, irf, 25, 30, 34.
Sc 5. 9. John 17.
¦19. Heb. 2. 10. if.
42. 21. 2 Cor. 5. 19.
eCh. 3. 3,4,5,9. &
4. 8, 9. Exod. 29.
ij. Jer. 30.21. Pf.
40. 8. If. 53. 10.
Tit. 2. 14. Pf. 51.
6, 17. Jer. 4. 14.
a Prov. 23.. .26.

fCh. 5.5,11,16. &
4.26,31, 35. & 1.
9.^3. & 5. iz. &6.
z. 2. Luke 24. 26.
g Mat. 2J. 19. & 3.
17. Heb. 1. j.Tir.
2. 14. Eph. 1. 6.
1 Pet. 2. 5.
h Gh. 6. 16, 18, 26,
29. & 14.IJ.&21.
22. & 22. 4—7.
Num. 18. 9, 10.
3 See ver. 1.
IcCh. 6- 26, 29.
2Cor. 5.21. If. 53.
jo, 1 1. 1 Pet. 2. 24.
Sc j. 18. Sc 1. 18,
ig. Phil. 2. 6 — 11.
li. 53. 10,12. Luke
T 24. 26. John 17. 4,
6.

1 Gen. 3. 2i, Rom.
13. 13, 14. Phil.
3.9.
mCh. 2.2, 5,6,9.&
5. 11. If. 53. 10.
1 Cor. 15. 58. Sc a.
7. Gal. 6. 6.

lExod. 16. 18. Col.
' i. io. & 3. i|.
1 C01. r. 30. & 3.
' 21. Rom. 8. 3c—
33-
»Ch. 3.1— 16. Sczz.
18, 2.J., 29. Deut.
18. 3. Gen. 28. 20,

IKEWISE this
the trefpafs-offering
holy. 2 In the c place where they kill the
burnt-offering fhall. they kill the tref
pafs-offering : and the blood thereof
fhall he d fprinkle round about upon the
altar. 2 And he fhall offer of it e all the fat
thereof; the rump, and the fat that
covereth the inwards,
4 And the two kidneys, and the fat
that is on them, which is by the
flanks, and the caul that is above the
liver, with the kidneys, it fhall he take
away :
5 And the prieft fhall f burn them
s upon the altar for an offering made by
fire unto the JLord : it is a trefpafs-offer
ing. 6 '' Every male among the priefts fhall
eat thereof: it fhall be eaten in the holy
place : 'it is moft holy.
7 As the k fin-offering is, fo is the-tref-
pafs-offering : there is one law for them :
the prieft that maketh atonement there
with fhall have //.
8 And the prieft that offereth any man's
burnt-offering, even the prieft fhall have
to himfelf the ' fkin of the burnt
which he hath offered.
9 And all m the meat-offering that is
baken in the oven, and all that is dreffed
in the frying-pan, and in the pan, fhall
be the prieft's that offereth it.
10 And every meat-offering, mingled
with oil, and dry, fhall all the fons of
Aaron have, n one as much as another.
1 1 ^[ And this is the ° law of the

offering

burnt, Jin, mi pmewffmngh
facrifice of peace-offerings, which he ^7^
fhall offer unto the Lord,"  -
12 If he offer it » for a thankfgiving, p^S2m£
then he fhall offer with the facrifice of \vl^.Tii,1.
thankfgiving 1 unleavened cakes
with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed
with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of
fine flour, fried.
13 Befides the cakes, he fhall offer for
his offering r leavened bread with the rC35:Vco7r'.M*''|

mingled q &,*&?: 5-> 1 Pet. 2. 1.

zCor. 7.
1. 74. 7S-

Luke

facrifice of
offerings.

thankfgiving

of his peace-

1 4 And of it he fhall offer one out of
the whole oblation for an s heave-offering sEIx5^.J7jNo£
unto the Lord, andit fhall ' be the prieft's £*f*'*"'t
that fprinkleth the blood of the peace- '

u Ch. 19. 6—8. &
22. 30.&8. 31,52.
Exod. 12. 10. &
16. 19. Eccl. 9.10.
2 Cor. 6. 2. Prov,
27. i.Hsb.3.7,8i
13-

xNum. 30.2. ch.22.
23.-&19. 5— 7. &
27.9.

33. ch. 10. 14,15^
offerings 1 5 And the flefh of the facrifice of his
peace-offerings for thankfgiving fhall be
eaten u the fame day that it is offered : he
fhall not leave any of it until the morn-
16 But if the facrifice of his offering be
a x vow, or a voluntary offering, it fhall
be eaten the fame day that he offereth his
facrifice: and on the morrow alfo the
remainder of it fhall be eaten :
1 7 But the remainder of the flefh of
the facrifice on the y third day fhall be ? Gen- «• * *«*
J ig. 11. 1 Lor. 15.
burnt with fire. ?«Sr."rifa
1 8 And if any of the flefh of the facri- &c°mi *»
r r 1 • if • 1 11 tible, or be met
fice of his peace-offerings be eaten at all £p"<«<i°"«y>
on the third day, it z fliall not be accepted, z Num. 18.27.*.
. , n 11 • 1 • l 1-1 10.7i8-Ki.ii-
neither fhall it be imputed unto him that j?-G*:*s^4i*«.
offereth it : it fhall be an abomination, ME*
and the foul that eateth of it a fhall bear »see«\M.prw. c . 11. oca ii. Oen.
his iniquity. And the flefh b that toucheth any

5.22. i'9 12. Gen..
4. 13. Rom. 2. 8, 9.

l9
unclean thing fliall not be eaten ; it fhall
be burnt with fire : and, as for the flefh,
all that be clean fhall eat thereof.
20 But the foul that eateth ofthe flefh that
pertain unto the Lord, having his un-

15. a
xi. xiii. xv. Num.
xix. Gen. 17. 14.
I Cor. n. 17— 29.
Keb. 10. 29, 31.
Pi. 68. 21.

ofthe facrifice of peace-offerings, mac c! Shall be excom
municated from
the Jewifh church,
cleannefs upon him, even that foul fhall !f»°<<i«i"i"'1<'f

life.

be cut off from his people.

dCh. xi— xiv. Dent.
21 d Moreover the foul that fhall touch fchor.s-6?\4%.

Ch-ap. VII. Ver* 13. The prohibition of leaven, in chap. ii. n. related only to
things burnt upon the altar; hut did not prohibit the offering of leavened bread for
the prieft's food. (2) This was a thank-offering to God for bleflings, of which" lea
vened bread was one. And it might denote that God rejecls not the grateful fervices

of his people, though tainted and mingled with corruption.
Ver. 15. This intimated that Chrift and his grace ihoald be received without de
lay, and with thankfgiving fpeedily returned : and it alfo prompted them to invite the
poor, or ftrangers, to (hare in the entertainment. 6

haw of eating flefh of peace-offerings ;

CHAP. VII.

and no fat or blood.

Before Chrift
1499-

eCh.;.i6,i7-&4- 8—16. 8c vi. 6.
Deul. jz. 38.
I Sam. 2. 15, 17.
ver. 24, 25. Eph.
1. 7. & 5. 26. Heb.
10. 10—14.
fCh. 17. 15.&22, 8,
Exod, 22. 31.
Deut. 14. 21.
Ezek. 4. 14. &c
44- Jr.

g Gen. 17. 14. ver.
20. 21. ch. 17. 10,
14. Rom. 9. 31, $i.
& 10. 3. Heb. 10.
29.
.hGen. 9.4. ch. 3.17.
& 17. io, 12, 14.
Deut. 12. 16, 23.
& 15. 23. 1 Sam.
14. 3;, 34. Afts
15. 29.
*That fat and blood
reprefented the
precious liie-giv-
wgobedience and
1'nfferings of
Chrift.

any unclean thing, as the uncleannefs of
man, or any unclean beaft, or any abo
minable unclean thing, and eat ofthe flefh
of the facrifice of peace-offerings which
pertain unto the Lord, even that foul
fhall be cut off from his people.
22 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 23 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
faying, e Ye fhall eat no manner of fat,
of ox, or of fheep, or of goat.
24 And the fat ofthe beaft that fdieth
of itfelf, and the fat of that which is
torn of beafts, may be ufed in any other
ufe : but ye fhall in no wife eat of it.
25 For whofoever eateth the fat ofthe
beaft, of which men offer an offeringr
made by fire unto the Lord, even the
foul that eateth // fhall be s cut off from
his people.
26 h Moreover ye fhall eat no manner
of blood '*, whether it be of fowl or of
beaft, in any of your dwellings.
27 Whatfoever foul it be that eateth
any manner of blood, even that foul fhall
be cut off from his people.
28 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,

2 Ch. iii. & 22. 29.
Pf. 40.7, 8. &uo.
3-

StVer. 32—34. Excd.
29. 24 — 28. ch. 3.
5. 8c 8.27. & 9.21.
& 10. 14, 15.
ICh. 3. 3-5,5—11,
10. fee ver. 5. Pf.
Pf. 22. 13, 14. If.
53. 10. Phil. 3. 10.
Fern. 6.3, 4, Prov.
23. 26.

29 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
faying, He that offereth the facrifice of
his peace-offerings unto the Lord fhall
'bring his oblation unto the Lord ofthe
facrifice of his peace-offerings.
30 His* own hands fhall bring the
offerings of the Lord made by fire, the
fat with the breaft ; it fhall he bring,
that k the breaft may be waved for a
wave-offering before the Lord.
3 1 And the prieft fhall burn the ' fat
upon the altar : but the breaft fhall be
Aaron's and his fons'.

32 And the right fhoulder fhall ye
give unto the prieft/or an m heave-offer
ing of the facrifices of your peace-of
ferings.

Before Cluift
1490.
ni Exod. 2y. 17.
Prov. 15. 24. Phil.
3. 20. Jam. 1. 17.

Lent.
18. 3. Exod. 29.
22—28. If. 53. io.
Jehn6. 33, 35, 53.
— <;8. Gal. 2. Zj.
PIj'j!. 3. 9, 10.
I Cor. 9. 13, 14.

o E.lod. xxix. ch.
viii. If. 10. 27. ts
11. 2 — 4. Sc dt. 1.
John 3.34. 1 John
a. 20, 27.

22 He among the fons of Aaron that
offereth the blood of the peace-offerings,
andthe fat, fhall have the "right fhoulder n j^.ft %
for his part.
34 For the wave-breaft and the heave-
fhoulder have I taken of the children of
Ifrael from off the facrifices of their
peace-offerings, and have given them
unto Aaron the prieft and unto his fons
by a ftatute for ever from among the
children of Ifrael.
25 % This is the portion of the ° anoint
ing of Aaron, and of the anointing of
his fons, out ofthe offerings ofthe Lord
made by fire in the day when he prefented
them to minifter unto the Lord, in the
prieft's office ;
36 p Which the Lord commanded to p ^ftCtllt.
be given them of the children of Ifrael
in the day that he anointed them, by a
ftatute for ever throughout their genera^
tions. 371 This is the law of the burnt-offer
ing, of the meat-offering, and of the fin-
offering, and of the trefpafs-offering, and
of the confecrations, and of the facrifice
of the peace-offerings ;
38 Which the Lord commanded
Mofes in mount Sinai, in the day that
he commanded the children of Ifrael to
offer their r oblations unto the Lord in
the wildernefs of Sinai.

32 — 34. & 10. 12
—15. Exod. 29 Z'S
—33. Num. xviii.
Deut. 18. 3, 4.

q Ch. i— vii. Emcl.
x;dx. Num. xv.
xxviii. xxix.

'.eflections upon Chap. Vfl. — Minifters of the gofpel
Jit to be plentifully fupplied with- every thing neceffary and
agreeable. And the more diligent any are in the fervices of reli
gion, the more abundantly will they reap the advantages thereof.
What glorious reward to himfelf, and redemption to his people,
doth Jefus procure by his all-comprehending oblation! What
robes ! what delicious provifion ! May I and my friends fhare with
hitn in his abundant nourifhment and confolation! And let me
not only timely perform my vows,, but, where I am left moft at
liberty, let me with cheerfulnefs give to the Lord. As there is no
medium between God's acceptance and abhorrence of my works,
Vol. I.

r Heb. io. T— 14V
If. 53. i— -IZ.--

CHAP. VIIL ¦
Records the confecration of Aaron and his fins to their
prieftly office,, as prefcribed in Exod. xxix. I- — 37.
( I ) The candidate' ' s veftmenis, oil, and oblations, art
got ready ; and the Hebrevjs are affembled to wit-

let me examine myfelf, and take heed to my fteps. Let my receiv
ing and feeding upon Jefus be as early, and earneft, and -focial, as
poffible; and let me, by an after-improvement of divine ordi
nances, obtain the real benefit thereof. Never let me attempt to
live in finful pollutions along with feafting on Chrift! But always
beware of a licentious appetite after things prohibited of God.
And, while I manifeft the utmoft regard to Jefus and his atonement,
let me, as a ranfomed prieft, feed upon him as my portion ; feed
upon his deareft love and choiceft fupports ; always eyeing the
grants appointment, and command, of God as the rule and reafon
of my conduit. Y

if he folemn confecration of Aaron and

LEVITICUS.

his fons to the priefthood,

Before Chrift
1490.

a Pee Exod. xxviii.
xxix.
b Exod. 30. 24, 29.
c Ver. 18, 22, 26.

nefs it; 1 — 5. (2) Aaron and his four fons- are
wafhed, and dreffed in facred robes ; 6 — 9, 13.
(3) The tabernacle, with its utcnftls, and then the
priefts to ferve in ii, are anointed with facred oil ;
IO — 12. (4) A fin-offering, the flefh of which
was burnt vjithout the camp, and a burnt offering,
¦¦are offered for them', 14 — 21. (5) A confer a-
tion-ram, or peace-offering, being offered, the blood
• thereof, ahng with facred oil, is fprinkled on the tip
of their right ears, thumbs, and iocs, and on their
garments 1 the offerer's part of the flefh is given
them tofeft upon; while Mofes, who for the occafion
¦officiated as prieft, hath the prieft's portion ; 22 — 32 .
(6) Thefe ceremonies and oblations are repeated feven
days fucceffively; 33 — 36.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
Take Aaron and his fons with him,
a the garments, and b the anointing
and a bullock for the fin-offering,
two rams, and a bafket of unleavened

¦fi Ch. 1.3. Bxod. 29.
4. .Mat. 20. iS.
xxvi. xxvii.
e Ver. 9, 13, 17. 21,
29, 35. Excd. 39.
4-, 43. Deut. 12.
32. & II. 32. Mat.
28. 20. If. 8.20. Pf.
J19. 4—5, hj.

2
and
oil, and '
bread :
3 And

gather thou

all the congrega
tion together unto the d door of the taber
nacle ofthe congregation. the Lord com-

4 And Mofes did c as
maiided him ; and the

affembly was
door of the

f Exed. 29. 4—37.

EExod. 29. 4. John
17. 17, 19. Rev. 1.
5, 6. Heb. 10. 22.
Tit. 3. 5.
hExod. 29. 5. 8c zi.
4^s Tim. 2. 5.
Keb. 9. 15.

gathered together unto the
tabernacle ofthe congregation.
5 And Mofes faid unto the congrega
tion, f This is the thing which the Lord
commanded to be done.
6 And Mofes brought Aaron and his
fons, £ and wafhed them with water.
7 And b he put upon him the coat,
and girded him with the girdle, and
clothed him with the robe, and put the
ephod upon him
the curious

i Exod. 28. 15—30.
Song 8. 6. U. 49.
IJ. Col. 2. 3.

Ic Exod. 29.6. &28.
36—38. Zech. 6.
ii, ij.'FBH. 2. 6
—II. Heb. z. &, 9.

I £xod. 29. 7. 8c 28.
41. & 30. 26 — 30.
John 3.J4. & I.
j6. I John 2. 20,27.
1 Thef. 1. 5. & 5.
23. Rom. 8.9. Tic.
3-5.S-

>, and he girded him with
girdle of the ephod, and
bound /'/ unto him therewith.
8 And he * put the breaft-plate upon
him : alfo he put in the breaft-plate the
Urim and the Thummim.
9 And he k put the mitre upon his
head ; alfo upon the mitre, even upon his
fore front, did he put the golden plate, the
holy crown; as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 10 And Mofes took the l anointing
oil, and anointed the tabernacle and all
that was therein, and fanclified them.
1 1 And he fprinkled thereof upon the
altar feven times, and anointed the altar
4

and all his veffels, both the laver and his
foot, to fanclify them.
12 And he m poured of the anointing
oil upon Aaron's head, and anointed him,
to fanftify him.
13 And Mofes n brought Aaron's fons,
and put coats upon them, and girded
them with girdles, and put bonnets
upon them; as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 14 ^F ° And he brought the bullock for
the fin-offering : and Aaron and his fons
laid their hands upon the head of the
bullock for the fin-offering.
1 5 And he p flew // ; and Mofes q- took
the blood, and put it upon the horns of
the altar round about with his finger,
and purified the altar, and poured the
blood at the bottom of the altar, and
fanclified it, to make reconciliation upon
it. 1 6 And he r took all the fat that was
upon the inwards, and the caul above the
liver, and the two kidneys, and their fat,
and Mofes bullied /'/ upon the altar.
1 7 But s the bullock and his hide, his
flefh and his dung, he burnt with fire
without the camp ; as the Lord com
manded Mofes.
18 5T And he l brought the ram for
the burnt-offering: and Aaron and his
fons laid their hands upon the head of the
ram. 19 And he killed if, and Mofes
fprinkled the blood upon the altar round
about. 20 And he cut the ram into pieces ;
and Mofes burnt the head, and the pieces,
and the fat.
21 And he wafhed the inwards and
the legs in water; and Mofes burnt the
whole ram upon the altar : it was a burnt-
facrifice for a fweet favour, and an offer
ing made by fire unto the Lord ; as the
LoRd commanded Mofes.
22 ^[ And u he brought the other ram,
the ram of confecration : and Aaron and
his fons laid their hands upon the head
of the ram.
23 And he (lew it ; and Mofes * took

Before Chrift
n Exod; 29. 7, pf.
133. a. II". 61. i.&
11. 2. Sd-fi. i.

n Exod. 29 8. Vr,
132" 9i 16. If 61.
10. Luke 12. 35.
Rom. J 3. 14. Rev,
19. 8. Ii". 45. 24,
Gal. 5. 2:,' 2j.

o Exod. 29. j, to. chi
1.4.&4 4,15,24,
29' 33 & 6. 25.
1 Pet. 1. 2Z— 24.

p Ch. 1. 5, 11. 8c j.
2, 8. Heb. 9. 18,
22.
q Exod. 29. 12, j6.
ver. 19, 20. ch. 4.
25, 30, u. Sc 14.
49—53- Hei

19.

: 5. H. John 17.

rExod.19. 13.cn. 3.
3—5. & 4. 8— 1G»
19, 26. j 1, 35.
John 12. 27. If. Sj.
10. Pr. 22.14. Mac,
26. 38. John iz.vf.

s Exod. 29. 14. ch. 4.
11, 12, 21. Sc 16.
27. Keb. 13. 11. 11.
2 Cor. 8. 9. Zech,
13.7.

t Exod. 29. 15—18.
ch. 1. 10 — 13. Tit.
2. 14. 1 Pet. 1. 18)
19. Eph. 5. 2.

u Exod. 29. akf*
ch.7. 37. z cot. }•
21. Rev, 1. Si 6«
John 17. 10. 1 Cop.
1. 30. Bph.j. 25>
ay.
x Exod. 29. 20. ch.
14. 28. Heb. 5. *.
&2. 10. 1 Thef. 5.
A?-. 1 Cor. 1. Zj 3c.
This reprefented
theunivcrfaifantf-tincationofChrifland his people to
hear Cod's \xwr ;
receive hi* gifts*
and act and walk
in his \: ay.

*the folemn confecration of Aaron

CHAP. VIII.

and his fons to the priefthood.

Before Chrift
1490.

rCh. 3.3-5,9-11.
14—16. Exod. 29
22—25. If. 53. ic
Prov. 23. 20.

z ExorT. 29. 23.
I Tim. 2. 5. Ails
5. iz. John 1. 14.

a Exod. 29; 24, &c.
Jer. JQ. 21, Heb.
9. 14.

of the blood of it, and put it upon the tip
of Aaron's right ear, and upon the thumb
of his right hand, and upon the great toe
of his right foot.
24 And he brought Aaron's fons; and
Mofes put of the blood upon the tip of
their right ear, and upon the thumbs of
their right hands, and upon the great toes
of their right feet : and Mofes fprinkled
the blood upon the altar round about.
25 And he 1 took the fat, and the
rump, and all the fat that was upon the
inwards, and the caul above the liver, and
the two kidneys and their fat, and the
right fhoulder :
26 And out of the bafket of unleavened
bread, that - was before the Lord, he
took z one unleavened cake, and a cake
of oiled bread, and one wafer, and put
them on the fat, and upon the right
fhoulder :
And he put all a upon Aaron's

27

k Exod. 29.25. Zech.
13. 7. Pi". 22. 13,
14. Heb. 10, 14—

C Exod. 29. 26. ch.7.
3"— 34. 1 Cor. io.
31. 1 fet. 4. 11.

tl Ex wl. 29.21. &30.
30. If. 61. 1, 3.
Heb. 2. 11. Gal. 5.
22—25. Rcv.7.14.

hands, and upon his fons' hands, and
waved them for a wave-offering before
the Lord.
28 And Mofes took them from off
their hands, and b burnt them on the
altar upon the burnt-offering : they were
confecrations for a fweet favour: it is an
offering made by fire unto the Lord.
29 And Mofes c took the breaft, and
waved it for a wave-offering, before the
Lord : for of the ram of confecration it
was Mofes* part; as the Lord com
manded Mofes.
30 And Mofes d took of the anointing
oil, and of the blood which was upon
the altar, and fprinkled // upon Aaron,
coupon his garments, and upon his fons,
and upon- his fons' garments with him ;
and fanftified Aaron, and his garments,

Reflections- upon Chap. VJII. — Behold how exactly every
thing in Jefus Chrift, and his gofpel-church', anfwers to the pur
pofes of God, declared in the promifes and predictions of his word!
Before angels and men he is called to, prepared for, and folemnly
fet apart to, his Mediatorial work ! Holy, harmlefs, and undefiled,
he fteps forth, veiled by his Father in a marvellous manhood and
Mediatorial fanftion. Anointed with the Holy Ghoft above uiea-
fur-e, fan&ified by his own blood, and made perfect through fuifer-
ing, he himfelf and his Father rejoice in his office and his exe
cution of it. And the tabernacle of his body the ehur-eh,- and all

and his fons, and his fons' garments with

Before Chrift-
1490.

him.

;i ^[ And Mofes faid unto Aaron and

ch. 7.TJ. Dt.-ur. ll.
6, 7. Gal. 2. sa.
John 6. 33, 35j 51-

to his fons, c Boil the flefh at the door of e!^Jt I'A
the tabernacle of the congregation : and
there eat it with the bread that is in the
bafket of confecrations, as I commanded,.
faying, Aaron and his fons fliall eat it.
32 And fthat which remaineth of the f ^f^'if^:
teinptiole, or. be
luperttitioufly u'ed. Exod. 12.
30. & 29. 34. ch.
7. 17. Prov. 27. i~
Heb. 3. 13. 14.
2 Cor. 6. 2. Eccl

9. io.

flefh and of the bread fliall ye burn with
fire. 22 And ye fhall not go out ofthe door
of the tabernacle of the congregation in
{even days, until the days of your confe
cration be at an end : for feven days fhall
he confecrate you.
34 As he hath done this day, fo the
Lord hath commanded to do, to make
an atonement for you.
'25 Therefore fhall ye abide at the door
of the tabernacle of the » congregation B n.t Hey
day and night feven days, andh keep the j'^'f^'fi-
charge of the Lord, that ye die not : for ^V."^ ^'

fo I am commanded.

h Deut. 11. 1. Num.
9. 19. ch-. 8. 30. Sc
10. 1.

36 ' So Aaron and his fons did all things
which the Lord commanded bv the hand ' ^fiS™;.*":
r -* * r & 12. 32. 1 Ssm.
of Mofes. '*"•

CHAP.

rx.

Here, (i) Mofes, diretled by God, calls the priefts
and elders of the people to meet together, with their
offerings, before the Lord on the eighth day, in hopes
of a vifit from him; I — 7. (2) The affembly being
convened, Aaron, as appointed,, offers a fin- offering
and burnt-offering for himfelf and his fons ; and a
fin-offering, burnt-offering, meat-offering, and peace-
offering, for the people, whom he then bleffed^ 7 — 22,
(3) While Mofes and Aaron return aut of the taber
nacle, and again blefs the people, the glory of thec
Lord appears, and a fire from heaven corf times the
burnt-offerings, and the fat of the other offerings
which lay on the brazen altar ; 23, 24. This fire
was to be preferved for ufe in all their after-obla
tions.

instituted ordinances^ are, together with him, confecrated to the
fervice of God by his oblation,, blood, and Spirit. Let minifters of
the gofpel learn with- what folemn and deliberate preparation they
ought to enter on their work. Let every faint obferve what fo
lemn wafhing in the fountain opened for fin and for uncleannefs,
what putting on of the Lord Jefus, what fprinkling of his blood
and Spirit, what feafting on his flefh as meat indeed, what felf-
dedication, what mortification of inward lufts during their whole-
week of life, are neceffary to prepare them for their (acerdotal fer-
viee La the houfe eternal in the heavens !
Y 2

Aaron and his fons begin to offer

LEVITICUS.

for themfelves and for the people,

Before Chrift
aCh.8.3j.&T4.2;. 8c 15.14,29. Num.
6. 10. E2A:k. 43.
26, 17. Mal. 2b. 1.
b Ver.7. ch.4. 3. &
8. 14. Heb. 7,
& 9. 7. & 5
Exod.

1. 7. &5. 3.
d. 29. 1. Heb.

, 14-

2.Cor. 5. 21.

cCh. 4. 23. Ezra 6.
17. ch. i — v. Heb.
9. 26, 28. Tit. 2.
34. Rev. 5. 9.

dExod. 19.11.&16.
10. & 24.16. &40.
34, !5- ver. 6.
Num. 14.10. & 16.
19. Ezek. 43. 2.
ver. 6, 23. 1 Kill.
S. 10—12.

e Ch. S. u- Heb. J.
3. &9.7. &7.27,
2o>

$0*1.4.25, 30, 34. &
8. s?t. not as in
ch. 4. 6, 7, 17, 18.
Heb. 2. 10. & 10.
19, 20.

g Ch. 4- 8—12, 34,
3,5. & 8. 16, 17. If.
53. 10. Pf. 51. 17.
Prov. 23. 26. II.
57. 15. &66. 2.

ft Ch. 4. IT, T2, 21.
.V 8. 17. & 16. 27.
Heb. 13. 11, 12.
'i<Th.i.&8. 18— 2T.
Jiph. 5. 2, 25—27.

ND it came to pafs on the a eighth
day, that Mofes called Aaron and
his fons, and the elders of Ifrael ;
2 And he faid unto Aaron, b Take
thee a young calf for a fin-offering,
and a ram for a burnt-offering, without
hlemifh, and offer them before the
Lord. 3 And unto the children of Ifrael thou
flialt fpeak, faying, c Take ye a kid of the
goats for a fin-offering ; and a calf and a
lamb, both of the firft year, without ble
mifh, for a burnt-offering ;
4 Alfo a bullock and a ram for peace-
offerings, to facrifice before the Lord ;
and a meat-offering mingled with oil :
for to-day the Lord will d appear unto
you. 5 And they brought that which
Mofes commanded before the tabernacle
of the congregation : and all the con-
gregation drew near and ftood before the
Lord. 6 And Mofes faid, This is the thing
which the Lord commanded that ye
mould do : and the glory of the Lord
fhall appear unto you.
7 And Mofes faid unto Aaron, e Go
unto the altar, and offer thy fin-offering
and thy burnt- offering, and make an
atonement for thyfelf and for the people :
and offer the offering of the people, and
make an atonement for them ; as the
Lord commanded.
8 ^[ Aaron therefore went unto the al
tar, and flew the calf of the fin-offering,
which was for himfelf.
9 And the fons of Aaron brought the
blood unto him : and he f dipped his finger
-in the blood, and put // upon the horns
of the altar, and poured out the blood at
the bottom of the altar :
10 But the s fat, and the kidneys, and
the caul above the liver, of the fin-offer
ing, he burnt upon the altar ; as the
Lord commanded Mofes.
1 1 h And the flefh and the hide he
burnt with fire without the camp.
1 2 And he ' flew the burnt-offering ;
and Aaron's fons prefented unto him the

aboiit

Before Chri!|
J 490.

1 6 And he
ing, and offered

jng,

k Ch. 4. 27^31. ft
9.i5.Num.xxviii.xxix. ver. 8— n.
1 Cor. 5. 21. Tit,
2. 14.

ICh.i, &8, 18— iu
ver. 12—14. Hcl),
10. 1—22.
* Or, ordinance,
m Ch, ii. Num. xv.
Exod. 29. 38, 41.
Gah 2, 20. John
6.53-
f Heb. filled his hand
out of it.

blood, which he fprinkled round
upon the altar.
13 And they prefented the burnt-
offering unto him, with the pieces there
of, and the head; and he burnt them
upoiv the altar.
14 And he did wafh the inwards and
the legs, and burnt them upon the burnt-
offering on the altar.
15 % And he brought the people's
offering, and took k the goat, which was
the fin-offering for the people, and flew
it, and offered it for fin, as the firft.
1 brought the burnt-offer-
according to the
manner. 1 7 And he m brought the meat-offer-
and + took an handful thereof, and
burnt it upon the altar, befide the burnt
facrifice of the morning.
18 He "flew alfo the bullock and nCh'»&7"r
34. Mic. 5. 5. Eph.
the ram for a facrifice of peace-offer- .^S.8;^"*
ings, which was for the people : and
Aaron's fons prefented unto him the
blood, which he fprinkled upon the altar
round about,
1 9 And the fat of the bullock and of
the ram, the rump, and that which co
vereth the inwards, and the kidnevs, and
the caul above the liver :
20 And they put the fat upon the
breafts, and he burnt the fat upon the
altar :
2 1 And ° the breafts and the right "^'^eV"
fhoulder Aaron waved for a wave-offer- It-1**'*'"'"'
ing before the Lord ; as Mofes com
manded. 22 And Aaron * lifted up his hand to- 'E.'itsi&Ii.
wards the people, and blefled them, and
came down from offering ofthe fin-offer
ing, and the burnt-offering, and peace-
offerings. 23 % And Mofes and Aaron went into
the tabernacle of the congregation, land «Hob-518-
came out, and bleffed the people: and
the glory of the Lord appeared unto all
the people.
24 And r there came a fire out from- j^VSa7'^
s before the Lord, and confumed upon $.£:£? "'
the altar the burnt- offering and the fat : "6K£$ &,*,?'"

5. 1 Chr. 23. ij.
Luke 24. 50. Acls
3. 26. Pi. 7*.J7-

Death of 'Nadab and Abihu.

CHAP. X.

The priefts" food prefcribed.

Before Chrift

,49o. which when all the people faw they
," see cen. iT. 3, '7- fhouted, c and fell on their faces.
2Chr. 7. 3. Niun. -
14. 5. & 16. 22,
1 Kiu. 18. 39. Mat.
26. jg. Rev. 4. 10.
A7.11. &$.8.

CHAP.

X.

7"£i? making and worfhipping of an idol calf, in oppofition
to Jehovah, newly manifefted as their God, and to
his law as their rule, had lately retarded the erec
tion of the tabernacle. Now the preference of
ftrange or common fire to the newly-granted facred
fire interrupts the Levitical inftitutions . Here is,
( 1 ) The fin and fearful death of Aaron' s two eldeft
fons, their father' s compofure of fpirit, and the divine
orders given and obferved about the funerals and
mourning; I — 7. (2) To prevent fuch profanation
for the future, the priefts are forbidden to drink any
intoxicating liquor while they- attend their facred
work; 8 — 11. (3) Mofes repeats the orders for
Aaron and his remaining fons to eat their fhare of
the late oblations ; and receives Aaron' s excufe for
burning inflead of eating their fhare of the people's
fin-offering; 12 — 20.
*TM%.t AND aNadab and Abihu, the fons
Xl of Aaron, took either of them his
cenfer, and put fire therein, and put in-
bNotto,ch.9.24. cenfe thereon, and b offered ftrange fire
cj,cr'&7'3r'35& I9' before the Lord, which he L commanded
2 Sam. 7. 7. Deut. ,1 ' .
I7.J.&4.1.&I2. them not.
3t.lf.29.13.Mit. a 1 1 J /- r- 1
'5-9- 2 And there d went out fire from the
a^tDe"'.4H^ Lord, and devoured them, and they died
1 Chr. 13.10. , /• 1 t
prov. 13. 21. ir. before the .Lord.
3 Then Mofes faid unto Aaron, This
ei||l|5E?6.& is it that the Lord fpake, faying, e I will
ii'&isS&js: be fandfified in them that come nigh me,
16, 23. Num. 14. O '
and before all the people I will be glori-
i^m.l.'it!' fied. And Aaron f held his peace.
Job 1. 20, 21. A
x exoi. a. is, 20. 4 And Mofes called s Mifhael and El-
zaphan, the fons of Uzziel the uncle of
Aaron, and faid unto them, Come near,
carry your brethren from before the fanc
tuary out of the camp.
5 So they went near, and carried them
in their coats out of the camp ; as Mofes
had faid.
6 ^[ And Mofes faid unto Aaron, and
unto Eleazar and unto Ithamar his

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — Here alfo I behold my Re
deemer offering up .himfelf a facrifice without fpot unto God, to
expiate fin, glorify God, and procure provifion and peace to his
people. I behold him, again and again, bleffing his chofen : I dif
cern the Almighty Father kindling his indignation againft him,
and kindly accepting his oblation in our ftead. While I adore his
grace and kindnefs, let me learn likewife a leffon of diligence and
obedience. If I defire the benefit and comfort of divine appear
ances I muft attend upon divine ordinances : there no religious
6

Before Gh-ift
1490.

28. 41. 1 Cor. 12.
4— II. r John 2.
20, 27. z Coi. I.
21, 22.

fons, h Uncover not your heads, neither
rend your clothes ; left ye die, and left h ch. z,. ,~,z. &
1 wrath come upon all the people : but let f^f^-s-
your brethren, the whole houfe of Ifrael, ^c]6;,%%^:
bewail the burning which the Lord hath .ff4'
O 1 Jofh. 7. 1. & 22. 20.
kindled. «£»». «4- », «,
7 And ye k fhall not go out from the k «..«.,». Luke
door of the tabernacle of the congrega
tion, left ye die: for the 'anointing oil of ' i™*: \c!\d%
the Lord is upon you. And they did
according to the word of Mofes.
8 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Aaron,
faying, 9 m Do not drink wine nor ftrong mzV{™.&%l:li.
drink, thou, nor thy fons with thee, M'iz\ui\tli
when ye go into the tabernacle of the
congregation, left ye die: it fhall be a
ftatute for ever throughout your genera
tions :
10 And that ye may u put difference *%£&££
between. holy and unholy, and between JeiIS-'9,
unclean and clean :
1 1 And that ye may ° teach the chil- °°cu;;fta,t°-Jtol-
dren of Ifrael all the ftatutes which the K-iift ?(&
Lord had fpoken unto them by the hand
of Mofes. 12 ^[ And Mofes fpake unto Aaron,
and unto Eleazar and unto Ithamar his
fons that were left, Take the p meat-offer- p2jft&J**
ing that remaineth of the offerings of the * «£« ^' '""•
Lord made by fire, and eat it without ,I£^2-,J+'Mat-
leaven befide the altar : for it is moft
holy :
1 3 And ye fhall eat it in the holy place,
becaufe it is thy due, and thy fons' due,
of the facrifices of the Lord made by
fire : for fb I am commanded.
1 4 And q the wave-breaft and heave- « ^'S^IS.
fhoulder fliall ye eat in a clean place ; zl%%i'd™7i;
, r 11 11 29— 34. John 4.34.
thou, and thy fons and thy daughters cai...M.john6.
with thee : for they be thy due, and thy
fons' due, which are given out of the

fervice can be acceptable to God till the guilt of my fin be re
moved by an actual intereft in the great propitiation ; and all
therefore, but efpecially minifters, ought to begin their religion at
themfelves. God's prefence in ordinances effectually attefts them
to be his. Difplays of his divine glory ought to be entertained
with joyful gratitude and holy reverence ; and the lire of God's
Spirit being once granted, to inflame our affections and confume
our corruptions, muft be cherifhed - and fuppouted witli the daily
fuel of meditation and prayer.

Befoie Chrift
1490.

The priefts* food prefcribed. ' <
facrifices of peace-offerings ofthe children
of Ifrael.15 The heave-fhoulder and the wave-
breaft fhall they bring with the offerings.
made by fire of the fat, to wave // for a
wave-offering before the Lord; and it
fhall be thine, and thy fons' with thee,
bv a ftatute r for ever; as the Lord hath
commanded. 1 6 % And Mofes diligently fought the
goat of the fin-offering, and behold it
burnt : and he was angry with
Eleazar and Ithamar, the fons of Aaron
which were left alive, faying,
1 7 ' Wherefore have ye not eaten the
fin-offering in the holy place, feeing it is
moft holy, and God 1* hath given it you
to u bear the iniquity of the congregation,
" rtt'it £t™: to make atonement for them before the

LEVITICUS.

Laws with refpeB tofooaZ

r Ch.7. 34-Cen. 13.
15. & 17. 8, 13,17-
I Cor. 9. I}, 14-

s See ch. 9. 15. 8c 6.
\ 26, 50. Hsu. 9. 13,
>4-

t'Ch.6.16,29. &7-
6.7-

7 Asa reward of
your labour in
making atone
ment.

was

John 5.21

.^•^'LORD?

fo the flefh was to
be eaten.

. 1 8 Behold, x the blood of it was not
brought in within the holy place : ye
fhould indeed have eaten it in the holy
place, as I commanded.
,y Hfb. 9. s. £7. 27- 1 9 And Aaron faid unto Mofes, y Be-
¦hold, this day have they offered their fin-
offering and their burnt-offering before
the Lord \ and fuch things have befallen
me : and if I had eaten the fin-offering
'^ko"'7'* ^ to-day, fhould it have been * accepted in
the fight of the Lord ?
20 And when Mofes heard that he was
12 chr. ,o. 18-2* a content.
Mat. 12. 3, 4.
Heb. 7.4 .9. CHAP. XI.
The Ifraelites being rendered an holy people, feparated
to the fervice of God, and yet but babes, here,
( 1 ) God prefcribes their diet ; vjhat cattle, fiflnes,
fowls, and creeping things, they might eat of, and

•what not : all which figuratively pointed out what
manner of perfons they might or might not fafely make. ¦
their patterns and intimate companions . Such cattle
only as chewed the cud and divided the hoof were
clean; I — 8 : fuch fifhes only as had fins and fcales
were clean; 9 — 12: fowls, ravenous, fiolitary, im
pure feeders, and fuch as the heathens had judged
ominous, were unclean; 13— -19 : all flying infeSls,.
except thofe ofthe locuft-kind, and all creeping thingsT
were unclean ; 20 — 24, 28, Z9, 41, \%. (2.) He
prefcribes how far the car cafes of unclean animals ex
pended their ceremonial pollution, and the manner of
purification therefrom by waflning; 24 — 40. (3) He
declares their relation to himfelf as a leading reafon of
their cleanlinefs in diet and hoiinefs in converfiation ;
43 — 47. Compare Deut. xiv.
ND the Lord fpake unto 'Mofes
and to Aaron, faying unto them,
2 Speak bunto the children of Ifrael,,
faying, c Thefe are the beafts which ye
fhall eat among all the beafts that are on
the earth.
3 d Whatfoever parteth the hoof, and
is cloven-footed, and cheweth the cud,
among the beafts, that fhall ye eat.
4 Neverthelefs, e thefe fliall ye not eat
i of them that chew the cud, or of them
that divide, the hoof: as the camel, be
caufe he cheweth the cud but divideth
not the hoof; he is unclean unto you.
5 And the coney, becaufe he cheweth
the cud but divideth not the hoof; he is.
unclean unto you.
6 And the f hare, becaufe he cheweth
the cud but. divideth not the hoof; he is
unclean unto you.
7 And s the fwine, though he divide
the hoof, and be cloven-footed, yet he
cheweth- not the cud ; he is unclean to
you.

Before Chrift
1490.

a Ch. t. t. ExoAisf...
22. Num. 9. 6.
2 Chr. 29. 5.
Ezek. 44. 23.
b Pf. 147. 19, 20.
Ezek. 3. 17. Mat.-S
28.20.
c Ch. 20. 25. Deut.
14. 4, &c. Ezek.
4. 14. Arils 10. 12.
14. Eph. 2. 19— 22.
d Deut. 14. 6. Rom.
2.18. I Thef. z-
10. Pf. 1. 2. Aas
17. II. Dent. 6. 6,.
7. John 5. 39.

e Deut. 14. 7. If. 30.
6. Mat. 19. 24.
Phil. 3. 18, 19.
Tit. i.i6..2Ticu
3. 5. Mat. 23. 13
—33- If- is- '4-
Thefe pointed out.
perfons who -pro-
fefs, but do not
pra&ile, the true
religion.

f Prov. 30.26. Rev.
21.0. i-'i. 17.13,1^.

gPcut. T4. 3. If. 6?,
4. & 66. 3, 17.
l.Pet. 2.. 18— 22..

Reflections upon Chap. X.— Stand in awe, my foul, and
fin not ! Let no honours, no gifts, no graces, render thee proud
or inattentive to God's inftitutions. Who can ftand before this
holy Lord God, the fire of whofe zeal for his own inftitutions
burns hotted the neareft to his altar ! His noted favours and his
tremendous judgments are often moft clofely Connected : and, for
1-he warning of others, he fometimes punifhes the firft tranfgreffors
with the moft fearful feverity, and deeply marks their fin in their
punifhment. How infufficient were the giving of the law, the
typical tabernacle, or the ceremonial priefthood, to prevent either
fins or judgments ! When God feverely affliits me or mine, let me
draw my heart-compofing confederations from the word, the, pro
vidence, the glory, of God as concerned in it ; and never may my
indulgence of private affeiH on. interfere with the honour or fove-
reion will of God, nor lead me to difgrace my- fpiritual. unclion

with carnal cares, or the forrow of the world, which worketh
death* While my foul trembles at God's righteous judgments,.
never 1st my confufion occafion miftakes in any part of my duty r
and, if I defire more of intimate fellowfhip with. God, let me
hearken to the voice of his meflengers, and, after all interruptions,
reapply myfelf to my work.  Let minifters ferioufly ponder how
dangerous it is to change God's ordinances even in the fmalleft
circumftance ; or to be animated to their work from earthly and
carnal motives ! Bafe and dangerous is it, efpecially for them, td
be overcharged with furfeiting or drunkennefs, and the cares- of this
life, in a work of fuch importance and concern, which requires the'
moft faithful attention to reprove the finner, to comfort the be
liever, and tenderly to- regard the reafonable excufes of fuch whofe
minds are diftreffed!

What beafts, fifhes, Sec. may

CHAP. XI.

and what may not be eaten.

Before Chrift
1490.

8 Of h their flefh fhall ye not eat, and
their carcafe fhall ye not touch ; they are

hEph. 5. 7, 11.
2 Cor. 6. 17. Ir- 52. .
11. 1 cor. ,5. 39. unclean to you.
Afls 10. 14, 15. 8c J
;7:ffi:84' 9 f Thefe fhall ye eat of all that are
f0lfzl- in the waters : \ whatfoever hath fins and
1 Deut. 14. a. Acts r
z,Z"z\?ti)oL icales in the waters, in the feas, and in
the rivers, them fhall ye .eat.
**^s:J4o•b,3J4.R8<:v• 10 And all k that have not fi
TSe nlur'c'd out fcales in the feas, and
per.ons who have 1 1 -1 • -i
^ faith and bve, an_ that move in the waters, and of

and no fhining and
ihul -protecting
righteoufnefs',grace, and holy
*jnverfaiion.

2 Deut. 14. 12—14.
Job5.3.7.&38.4i.& 39. 16 — 30.
Lam. 4. 19. Jer. 4.
xj. &48.40.Jisb.
l.8.Hcf.iJ. i.Jer.
4. 12. Rom. 3. 15
— 18, "
Tit. 3. j

m Deut. 14. 15—18.
Eph. z. 2, 3, Sz 4.
17-19 & 57-
u.Phil. 3.18, ig.
Thefe fowls re-

jiorant, .fuperft;
tioiis, or earthly
minded.

night-

not fins and
the rivers, of
any
living thing which is in the waters, they
fhall be an abomination unto you :
1 1 They fliall be even an abomination
unto you ; ye fhall not eat of their flefh,
but ye fhall have their carcafes in abo
mination. 1 2 Whatfoever hath no fins nor fcales
in the waters, that fhall be an abomina
tion unto you.
^2% And thefe are they which ye fhall
have in abomination among the fowls ;
they fliall not be eaten, they are an abo
mination : l the eagle, and the offifrage, ;
and the ofpray,
1 4 And the vulture, and the kite after
*p^£ his kind ;
1 5 Every raven after his kind ;
16 And the ra owl, and the
hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk
Set^ir after his kind,
1 7 And the little owl, and the cormo
rant, and the great owl,
18 And the fwan, and the pelican,
and the gier- eagle,
19 And the ftork, the heron after her
kind, and the lapwing, and the bat.
*?r,^plr!' ""4. 20 All fowls that n creep, going upon
2Tim3.'48,o.9' all four, fhall be an abomination unto you.
aKin. 17. 28— 41. it- 1 r r n •
2 1 Yet thefe may ye eat of every flying
creepeth thing that goeth upon all four,
which have legs above their feet, to leap
withal upon the earth ;
22 Even thefe of them ye may eat ;
t&tod .,<>. 4,5. j**. the ° locuft after his kind, and the bald
$.\"%&f,\. locuft after his kind, and the beetle after
his kind, and the grafshopper after his
kind. 23 But all other flying creeping things,
which have four feet, fhall be an abomi
nation unto you.

24 And for thefe ye fhall be unclean : Bci4e9"nft
whofoever toucheth the p carcafe of them P ver. 28,31,^-
fhall be unclean until the even.

I Cor. 15.
I John 1. 7. Heb.
9. 26. Col. 2. i.'i,
17, 20. 2Cor. 5.17.
11. 22. 14.
qCh. IJ. 5,7—11,
IJ.& 16. zi. &
14. 8. Num. 19.^9.
Rev. 7. 14. Zech.
13. 1. John 13. 8.
I John I. 7.

I See 7er. 20, 23.

25 And whofoever beareth ought ofthe
carcafe of them fhall q wafh his clothes,
and be unclean until the even.
26 The carcafes of every beaft which
divideth the hoof, and is not cloven-
footed, nor cheweth the cud, are unclean
unto you : every one that toucheth them
fhall be unclean.
27 And whatfoever r goeth upon his
paws, among all manner of beafts that go
on all four, thofe are unclean unto you :
whofo toucheth their carcafe fhall be
unclean until the even.
28 s And he that beareth the carcafe of s See *«• **> «•
them fhall wafh his clothes, and be
unclean until the even : they are unclean
unto you.
29 5[ Thefe alfo fhall be unclean unto
you among the ' creeping tiling
creep upon the earth ; the weafel, and
the moufe, and the tortoife after his
kind, 30 And the ferret, and the chameleon,
and the lizard, and the fnail, and the
mole :
2 1 Thefe are unclean to you among all
that creep : " whofoever doth touch them u See ver. 24, zS
when they be dead fliall be unclean ,
until the even.
32 And upon whatfoever any of -them,
when they are dead, doth fall, it fhall be
unclean ; whether it be any veffel of wood,
or raiment, or fkin, or fack, whatfoever
vefiel it be, wherein any work is done, it
muft be x put into water, and it fhall be
unclean until the even; fo it fhall be
cleanfed. 22 And every earthen veffel, where-
into any of them falleth, whatfoever is
in it fhall be unclean ; and y ye fhall
break it.
34 Of ' all meat which may be eaten,
that on which fuch water cometh fliall be
unclean ; and all drink that may be drunk
in every fuch veffel fhall be unclean.
25 And every thing whereupon any
part of their carcafe falleth fhall be un-

that t Ver. 20, 21, 41,42.
Luke 12. 15. Heb.
13. 5. CoJ. 3. 5.
Phil. 3. 19, Eph.
4, 14. John 6. 26,
66. Pf. 17. 13, 14.
2Tisn. 3. 2—5.
Thefe creeping
animals pointed
out perlons igno
rant, ilothful,
fenfual, and
earthly -minded.

Zech. is. i.Ezefc.
36. 25. Heb. to. id,
12,14, 22. & 9. 14.
& 8. 12. .1 Cor. 1.
30. 1 Thef. 5. 2J.

yCh.6.28.& 15.12.
ver. 35. Heb. 7.18. "
&9. 11. 2Cor-s.
1—7.
z Tit. 1. 15. Prov.
15.8.4-21.4,27.
&2S, 9.

ranges

What beafts, Sec. may be eaten or not.
Befor^chr-ift c]ean . w father it be oven, or
•- 3i- ch. 6. 28. for pots, a they fhall be broken down ; Tor
8c ic. iz. Heb. 7. , r f 1 /, 11 1 X
i».&9. ii. 2 cor. they are unclean, and fhall be unclean
unto you.
36 Neverthelefs, a

LEVITICUS,

a Ver. &

fountain

b zech. 11. ,., John 30 i\evertneieis, a " rountain or pit,
+ Heb. Velltg wherein there is + plenty of water, fhall
HetUr offers. bg ^^ . ^ ^ ^^ toucheth their
carcafe fhall be unclean.
3 7 And if any part of their carcafe fall
cicor.,5.37. upon any c fowing-feed which is to be
j.^'&s'is.0 n fown, it fhall be clean ;
38 But if any water be put upon the
feed, and any part of their carcafe fall
thereon, it fhall be unclean unto you.
And if any beaft of which ye

39

iVc":$:fJrl:fg: may eat die, he that d toucheth the
"' carcafe thereof fhall be unclean until the

2 Cor. 6- 17. Col.
3. 20.

17. 15,16. & 22. 8.
Ezek. 4. 14. & 44.
31. Deut. 14. 21.
fVer. 25,28. ch. 14.
8. 9. & 15. 5 — 10,
27. & 16. 26, 28.
Num. 19. 7, 8, 19.
If. 1. 16. Rev. 1. 5.
& 7. 14.
gV£r. 20, 23,29. Pf.
17. 14. Col. 3. 2.
Rom. 8.6. Phil. 3.
19. Jam. 3. ij.

is Gen. 3. 14. Tit. I.
tz. Gal. 2. 14. Pf.
17. I+.

even. 40 And he that e eateth of the carcafe
of it f fhall wafh his clothes, and be un
clean until the even : he alfo that beareth
the carcafe of it fhall wafh his clothes,
and be unclean until the even.
41 And every s creeping thing that
creepeth upon the earth fhall be an abo
mination ; it fhall not be eaten.
42 Whatfoever h goeth upon the belly,
and whatfoever soeth upon all four, or

t **.****» whatfoever t hath more feet

among

all

i Ch. 20, 25,
t iieb. jiuls.

. Exod.

k ^en. 17. 7.
21.2. ch. 19.2. 8c
7i 7. I Pet. 1. 75.
&. 2. 1, 9. 16. Mar .
5. 16, 48- Luke I.
74.75. Rem. 74.
17. iTneJ.4.3,7.

2. 15, 16,

creeping things that creep upon the earth,
them ye fhall not eat, for they are an
abomination. 43 ' Ye fhall not make + yourfelves
abominable with any creeping thing that
creepeth, neither fliall ye make yourfelves
unclean with them, that ye fhould be
defiled thereby.
- 44 For k I am the Lord your God : ye
fhall therefore fandtify yourfelves, and, ye
fhall be holy ; for I am holy : neither fhall
"V.W ye defile yourfelves with any manner of

Reflections upon Chap. XT. — Highly it becomes me, as the
fervant of God, to live as one feparated from the world to his
fervice, always to follow.his directions, whether with refpect to foul
or body, and to eat for health, not from luft. Let even my body
Therefore be carefully preferved as a temple of the Holy Ghoft,
while, in a becoming manner, I imitate thefe clean animals, and
become not almoft, .but altogether, a Chriftian. Let me be addicted
to meditation on tbfc truths of God, which I have received for mv
fpiritual food; and be fteady in my fteps, and inclined to render
unto God and men their refpective dues. — Clothed and protected

thing

Pur if cation of a woman*
that creepeth upon the

Before Chrjft
I49P-

1 Exod. 20. 2. & 6,
6,7. & 19. 4-6,
Deut, 4. 20. 8c 7.
6. &26. 18, iq:&
32/9. Pf. 81, 8, 10.
m See ver. 44.

n Ver. 1—43. Deut.
14. 3— .21. ch. 7.
37- & 14. Si- *

creeping earth. 45 * For I am the Lord that bringeth
you up out of the land of Egypt, to be
your God : m ye fhall therefore be holy,
for I am holy.
46 p This is the law of the beafts, and
of the fowl, and of every living creature
that moveth in the waters, and of every
creature that creepeth upon the earth :
47 To ° make a difference between the och,aio.&M,
unclean and the clean, and between the ua-i-a-
beaft that may be eaten and the beaft
that may not be eaten.
CHAP. XII.
Here, (i) God ftates the ceremonial uncleannefs of
vjomen in childbirth ; I — 5. (2) Prefcribes the
manner of purification from it, by a burnt-offering
for thankfgiving, and a fin-offering for expiation }
6 — 8.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
faying, If a a woman have conceived feed,
and born a man-child, then fhe fhall be
unclean feven days ; according to the days
of the feparation for her infirmity fhall
fhe be unclean.
3 And in the b eighth day the flefh of '
his forefkin fhall be circumcifed.

a Ch. 15-ig, 29. PC,
51. 5. Rom. 5. iz,
19. Job 14. 4. fc
25.4.

b Gen. 17. 11, 12.
Luke 2. 21. & I.
59. John 7. 22.
Col. 2. Ix. Deut.
30. 6.
4 And fhe fhall then c continue in the eLuke ».-«.»*.
" '3-

blood of her purifying d three and thirty
days : fhe fliall touch no hallowed thing,
nor come into the fandfuary, until the
days of her purifying be fulfilled.
5 But if fhe bear e a maid -child, then
fhe fliall be unclean two weeks, as in her
feparation : and fhe fhall continue in the
blood of her purifying threefcore and fix
days .
6 If And when the days of her purifying

d Luke 3. 23. &
Xxii. xxiii.

e Ver. 2, 4. with
I Tim. 2. 14. Gen.
3. 13.

* Thus the femafe
fex was marked
with difhonour
till Chrift came.

with Jefus' righteoufnefs and grace, let me, by faith and love, fwim
againft the tides- of corruptions and troubles, avoiding intimacy
with cruel, felf-feeking, fenfual, fuperftitious, and earthly-minded
men, and even the moit diftant approaches and temptations to it.
But, if at any time I be defiled therewith, without delay fhould I
apply the cleanfing blood and Spirit of Jefus Chrift to my foul ;
bitterly, lament that the infection will not be wholly-extirpated till
the evening-tide of my death ; and, if I am the Lord's, diligently
aim to be holy, as he is holy ; and perfect, as my Father who is
in heaven is perfect-.

Rules and tokens whereby priefts

CHAP. XIII.

were to judge of leprofes.

Before Chrift
I490.
fCh. i.io— 13- &S-
7, 10.& 15,-14,29.
Ic 14. 22. vet. 8.
Hum. 6. 10. John
I.29. I Pet. 1. 18,
19. Heb. 7. 26.
jCer. cr2l.
• Heb. a Jin of bis
j ear.

g See ch. 4. 20, 26,
31, 35. Heb. 9. 12
— 14. I Cor. 7. 14.
Job 14.4. Rom. 3.
23—26.
J> Gal. j. 28.
iCh.j.7.&i.i4. &
14. 22. & 15. 14,
29- Num. 6. 10.
Luke 2. 24. Col.
3. II. 2Cor. 8. 9.
J Heb. her hand find
not jtijidency of.

•Or, Jim/ling.
a Num. 12. 10.
2 Kin. 5. 27.
2 Sam. 3. 29.
z Chr. 26. 19. Pf.
41. 8. & 38. 5.
Mat. 8. 2, 3. Deut,
32. 5. If. 1. 6. &
64.6.
b Afts 4. 12. Job 33.
23, 24-
c .Rev. 2. 2j. Afls
20.28. Heb. 13.7.
Rom. 3. 19. 20. &
7-7-

are fulfilled, for a fon, or for a daugh
ter, fhe f fhall bring a iamb * of the firft
year for a burnt-offering, and a young
pigeon or a turtle-dove for a fin-offering,
unto the door of the tabernacle of the
congregation, unto the prieft ;
7 Who fliall offer it before the Lord,
and make an e atonement for her ; and
fhe- fhall be cleanfed from the iffue of
her blood. This is the law for her that
hath born h a male or a female.
8 And if * fhe be not able to + bring a
lamb, then fhe fhall bring two turtles, or
two young-pigeons; the onefortheburnt-
ofFering, and the other for a fin-offering :
and the priefh fhall make an atonement
for her, and fhe fhall be clean.
CHAP. XIII.
Here God prefcribes ( I ) Rules by which the priefts
fhould judge whether perfons were leprous or not. A
fwelling, with a white fpot bright and reddifh,
gave ground of fufpicion, and required a fecond in-
fpeclion : if, on the fecond infipedion, the hair in the
fore was become white or yellow ; if the fore appeared
deeper than the fkin, and continued to fpread; or if it
had quick raw flefh in it; or if there was a vfhite
reddifh fore in the bald head; the perfon was to be
declared leprous. — But if, on the fecond infpeStion,
the fore was not, in appearance, deeper than the fkin ;
if it did not continue fipreading, and had not turned
the hair in it white or yellow ; or if it had overfpread
the whole body with a leprous fcurf; the perfon was
to be held ceremonially clean; I — 44. (2) Rules
for the behaviour and refidence of lepers; 45, 46.
(3) Rules for judging of, and extirpating, the
leprofiy from garments, a plague peculiar to the He
brews ; 47 — 59.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and Aaron, faying,
2 When a man fhall have in the fkin

of his flefh a

riling, a

Tcab,

or bright

¦fpot, and it be in the fkin of his flefh
like a the plague of leprofy ; then he fhall
be' brought unto b Aaron the prieft, or
unto one of his fons the priefts :
3 And the prieft fhall c look on the
plague in the fkin of the flefh : and

Before Chrift
14CO.

3. 13. Gen. 13. tt.

f Rom. 3. 19, 20.
Mat. 16. 19. &T8.
18. John 20. ".

when the hair in the plague is d turned
white, and the plague in fight be e deeper \mc7fff^Z2.
than the fkin of his flefh, it is a plague of e,3Timi l6 T,&
leprofy ; and the prieft fhall look on him,
and f pronounce him unclean.
4 If the bright fpot be white in the
fkin of his flefh, and in fight be not
deeper than the fkin, and the hair there
of be not turned white ; then the prieft
fhall b fhut up him that hath the plague g^f- 44,1a icor,
ir sr o 4. 5. 1 1 im. 5. 24.
feven days :
5 And the prieft fhall look on him the
feventh day: and, behold, if the plague
in his fight be at a ftay, and the plague
fpread not in the fkin, then the prieft
fhall fhut him up feven days more.
6 And the prieft fhall look on him
again the feventh day: and, behold, if
the plague be fomewhat dark, and the
plague fpread not in the fkin, the prieft
fhall h pronounce ,him clean : it is but a
fcab : and he i fhall wafh his clothes, and
be clean.
7 But if the fcab k fpread much abroad
in the fkin, after that he hath been feen
of the prieft for his cleanfing, he fhall be
feen of the prieft again :
8 And if the prieft fee that, behold,
the fcab fpreadeth in the fkin, then the
prieft fhall pronounce him unclean : it is
a leprofy. 9 *f[ When the plague of leprofy is in
a man, then he fhall be brought unto the
prieft :
10 And the prieft fhall fee him: and,
behold, if the rifing be white in the fkin,
and it have turned the hair white, and
there be '* quick raw flefliin the rifing,
1 1 It is an old leprofy in the fkin of
his flefh, and the prieft fliall pronounce
him unclean, and fhall not fhut him up :
for he is unclean.
1 2 And if a leprofy break out; abroad

h 1 Kin. 8. 38, 46.
Eccl. 7. 20. Jdm.
3. 2. 1 John 1.8 —
10. Gat. 5. 17.
iZech. 13. 1. Rev. 7.
. 14. If- I. 16. PI.
26. 6. & 5.1. 7.
k Ver. 27. 35, ci.
2Tim. z. 16. & z.
IJ. U. 1. 6. PI. 35,
3. Rom. 6. 12, 20,
Mat. 12. 4J—41.

1 Ver. 14. 24. Norn.
12.12. Prov. 12. I.
& 29. I. Amos 5..
10. Rom, 10. 3.
I John 1. 9.
* Heb. the quickening
of living flefh.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — What alarming ftigmas the
Lord put upon that fex by which fin entered into our race, till
Jefu«, the woman's feed, had finifhed tranfgrelfion ! But alas! fin
ful uncleannefs cleaves to all, yea even to our moft natural and
neceffary actions, and would for ever exclude us from fellowfhip
with God in his ordinances, and in heaven, had not he fent forth
his Son to be the propitiation for our fins, and the fountain opened
to purge away our fin and our uncleannefs. So infectious is
Vol. I.

original corruption ; and fo infinitely neceffary is it to improve
Jefus' atonement and purifying influence, while -we thank him for
his mercies, and devote \>ur.felves to his fervice. — Let parents cort-
fider what gratitude, what thankfgiving, what folemn dedication of
themfelves and feed to God, ought to attend fafe deliveries in child
birth ; and how defirable, comfortable, and edifying, to have chil
dren early circumcifed with the circumcifion which is of Chrift ¦
Z

Rules and tokens by which the priefts

LEVITICUS.

were to judge ofleprofies in bodies,

Before Chrift
I490. ~~ S, 9;

21 Hoy.. -. 14—24.
Gil. 1. 14. Phil. 3.
6. with 1 Tim. 1.
SS- IS-

in the fkin, and the leprofy m cover all the
fkin of him that hath the plague from his
£'[:-ftf;}(f head even to his foot, wherefoever the
prieft looketh ;
1 3 Then the prieft fhall confider : and,
behold, if the leprofy have covered all his
flefh, he fliall pronounce him clean that
hath the plague : it is all turned white :
he is clean.
14 But when raw flefh appeareth in
him he fhall be unclean.
15 And the prieft fliall fee the raw
flefh, and pronounce him to be unclean:
for the raw fiefh is unclean : it is a leprofy.
16 Or if the raw flefh "turn again,
and be changed unto white, he fliall come
unto the prieft :
1 7 And the prieft fliall fee him ': and,
behold, if the plague be turned into
¦white, then the prieft fhall pronounce him
clean that hath the plague : he is clean.
18 5[ The flefh alfo in which, even in
the fkin thereof, was a bile, and is healed,
19 And in the place of the bile there
be a white rifing, or a bright fpot, white,
and fomewhat reddifh, and it be fhewed
to the prieft ;
20 And if,* when the prieft feeth it,
behold, ° it be in fight lower than the
fkin, and the hair thereof be turned white,
the prieft fliall pronounce him unclean :
it is a plague of leprofy broken out ofthe
bile. 21 But if the prieft look on it, and,
behold, there be no white hairs therein,
and if it be not lower than the fkin, but
be fomewhat dark, then the prieft fhall
fhut him up feven days :
22 And if it fpread much abroad in
the fkin, then the prieft fhall pronounce
him unclean : it is a plague.
23 But if the bright p fpot flay in his
place, and fpread not, it is a burning bile ;
and the prieft fhall pronounce him clean.
24 % Or if there be any flefh, in the
tv^.aiwmngpe. ^m whereof there is a + hot burning, and
the quick flefh that burnetii have a white
bright fpot,. fomewhat reddifh, or white,
25 Then the .prieft fhall look upon it :
and, behold, if the hair in the
4

oMat. 13. 15. & 12.
45. John 5. 14.
aPei, 2. 20 — 22.

f Job 40. 4, 5. & 34.
32. 1 Pet. 4. 2, 3.
zS?.m. 12.13. M:it.
36.7£.Prav.28.l3-

Before Chii-l
1490.

fpot be 1 turned white, and it be in fight
deeper than the fkin, it /j--a leprofy. i^*-^.
broken out of the burning ; wherefore
the prieft fhall pronounce him. unclean :
it is the plague of leprofy.
26 But if the prieft look on it, and,
behold, there be no white hair in the
bright fpot, and it be no lower than the
other fkin, but be fomewhat dark, then
the prieft fhall fhut hjm up feven days :
27 And the prieft fhall look upon him
the feventh day : and', if it be fpread much
abroad in the fkin, then the prieft fhall '
pronounce him unclean : it is the plague
of leprofy.
28 And if the bright fpot ftay in his
place, and fpread not in the fkin, but it
be fomewhat dark, it is a rifing of the *
burning; and the prieft fhall pronounce
him clean ; for it is an inflammation of
the burning.
29 ^[ If a man or woman have a plague
upon the r head or the beard,

bright

-r If. 1.5. Mic. j.ir,
2 Pet. 2. 1, 2. Pf.

30 Then the prieft fhall fee the plague : ?i.'«.'&ts-V'
and, behold, if it be in fight 5 deeper than ,8- l8-
the fkin, and there be in it a yellow thin- *\T\t h'oi?^'*
hair, then the prieft fhall pronounce him
unclean : it is a dry fcall, even a leprofy
upon the head or beard.
3 1 And if the prieft look on the plague
ofthe fcall, and, behold, it be not in fight
deeper than the Ikin, and that there is no
black hair in it, then the prieft fliall fhut
up him that hath the plague of the fcall
feven days :
32 And in the feventh day the prieft
fhall look on the plague: and, behold, if
the fcall fpread not, and there be in it no
yellow hair, and the fcall be c not in fight tDeut.29.29.1cor.
deeper than the fkin, 4?'.5cor.4.'s'''~
32 He fhall be u fhaven, but the fcall «coi.j. 5. ijher.
fhall he not fhave ; and the prieft fliall
fhut up him that hath the fcall feven days
more: 34 And in the feventh day the prieft
fliall look on the fcall: and, behold, if
the fcall be Anot fpread in the fkin, nor * j°» 4°-** & m-
7 • r '1 .n * 32" ?rov' l*'
be in fight deeper than the Ikin, then the ;S.V.S: -
prieft fhall pronounce him clean ; and he Matl4'75'
fhall. wafh. his clothes, and be clean :

in

y. zPct!. 2. 20—22.
Mat 12. 4i—J-5-

2 Tim. 2
JJ

I Ver. 5, 6,, 23, 28:
;z, 34. Job 40. 4.
5,6k. R0H1.7. 24.

a Gal. 3.28. Rom. 2-
6, 7. Jam. 3. 2.
Eccl. 7. 20. Rom.
7. 14— 25. Pf. 103.
10.

Jfodes and tokens by which the priefts
*%T 35 But. if the fcall r fpread much
the fkin after his cleanfine,
36 Then the prieft fhall look on him :
and,' behold,, if the fcall be fpread in the
fkin, the prieft fhall not feek for yellow
hair ; he is unclean.
2J But if the fcall be in his fight % at
a ftay, and that there is black hair grown
up therein, the fcall is healed, he is clean ;
and: the prieft fhall pronounce him clean.
38 ^[ If a •* man alfo or a woman have
in the fkin of their flefh bright fpots,
even white bright fpots, \
39 Then the prieft fhall look : and,
behold, if the bright fpots in the fkin of
their flefh be darkilh white, it is a freck
led fpot that groweth in the fkin ; he is
clean. 40 And the man whofe b hair is fallen
off his head, he is bald ; yet is he clean.
41 And he that hath his hair fallen off
from the part of his head toward his face,
he is forehead bald ; yet is he clean.
42 And if there be in the c bald head,
or bald forehead, a white reddifh fore ;
it is a leprofy fprung up in his bald head
or his bald forehead.
43 Then the prieft fhall look upon it :
and, behold, if the rifing of the fore be
white reddifh in his bald head, or in his
bald forehead, as the leprofy appeareth
in the fkin of the flefh,
44 He is a leprous man, he is unclean ;
the prieft fhall pronounce him utterly
unclean ; his plague is in his head.
45 And the leper in whom the plague
is, d his clothes fhall be rent, and his
head Bare, and he fhall put a covering
t&s.'t.^sct uP°n his upper lip, and fhall cry, e Un-
£-6. clean, unclean.
46 All the days wherein the plague
fhall be in him he fhall be defiled ; he
.he fhall dwell alone ; f without
7- J. Luke 17. #
13.' 2 The?;^ a,1' the^camp//W/ his habitation be.
l4its!.ui&lz%. 47 <f[ s The garment alfo that the plague
gs^'s'. Rorn/rl9; of leprofy is. in, whether it be a woollen
S.^^'f; garment or a linen garment ;

CHAP. XIII.

were

to judge ofleproftes in clothes.

b iKin. iii. viii.wlth
xi. Ff. lxiii. with
2 Sam. xi. Rev. 2.
5>

cMir. 3. 1, ir. If.9.
15. 2 Thef. 2. 10,
11. 2 Chr. 28. 22.

*-Cen. 37.19. Job I
20. Jer. 3. 25.

eLam, 11. 8i ,
5. Luke r
job 40. 4. I
Rom. 7. 14, 24.

fWum. 5. 2. & 12. - . |
14. 2 Kin i5. 5. is unclean
« 7. J. Luke 17.

J'.?- & 4- 17-19
JU11.6. 9, 10.

48 Whether it be in the warp or woof,
of linen or of woollen, whether in a fkin,
orin any thing made of fkin;

49 And if the plague be greemih or
reddifh in the garment, or in the fkin,
either in the warp or in the woof, or in
any thing of fkin, it is a plague of leprofy,
and fhall be fhewed unto the prieft '.
50 And the prieft fhall look upon the
plague, and fhut up it that hath the plague
feven days :
51 And he fhall look on the plague on
the feventh day : if the plague be h fpread
in the garment, either in the warp or in
the woof, or in a fkin, or m any work
that is made of fkin, the plague is a
' fretting leprofy ; it is unclean.
c2 He fhall therefore k barn that

Before Chrift
149°-

h 2 Chr. 2S. 22.
2 Tim. 2. 16,17.
&3. 13.

i Ch> 14. 44.
10. 43.

ment, whether warp or woof, in woollen
or in linen, or any thing of fkin, wherein
the plague is ; for it is a fretting leprofy ;
it fhall be burnt in the fire.
52 And if the prieft fhall look, and,
behold, the plague be not fpread1 in the
garment, either in the warp or in the
woof, or in any thing of fkin ?
54 Then the prieft fhall command
that they ' wafh the thing wherein the '
plague is, and he fhall fhut it up feven
days more :
55 And the prieft fhall look on the
plague after that it is wafhed ; and, be
hold, m if the plague have not changed
his colour, and the plague be not fpread,
it is unclean ; thou fhalt burn it in the
fire ; it is fret inward, + whether it
within or without.
56 And if the prieft look, and, behold,
the plague be fomewhat dark after the1
wafhing of it, then he fliall rend it out
of the garment, or out of the fkin, or
out of the warp, or out of the woof:
57 And if it appear ftill in the garment,
either in the warp or in the woof, or in
any thing of fkin, it is a fpreading plague i
thou fhalt " burn that wherein the plague
is with fire.
58 And the garment, either "warp or
woof, or whatfoever thing of fkin it be
which thou fhalt wafh, if the plague be
departed from them, ° then it fhall be
wafhed the. fecond. time, and fliall be
clean. Z 2

gar- k Dcut. 7, r.. jr. 3„.

22. Jude :
19. 19. Col. -t.
I Cor. 3. ic.

7. 14. If. t.
K. 51.7.

m See ver. 5J.

fif llflrP tilth, whether it be
uc uai c t bM u thi h..d
theretf or in the
ftrektad tb'erevfi.

n If. m. 14. MM. 21
7. & 25. 41. Rev-
14. 10, 11.

02 Cor. f. \. Rev. t.
5. & 7. 14. 2 Chr.
jVit, iv Pf. 51.
%. \ Cor. Q. 17.
zCor. iz.'S.

Laws for the ceremonial

LEVITICUS.

purification of lepers.

Before Chrift .
1490.

p Ver, 2— fo.

59 p This is the law of the plague of
leprofy in a garment of woollen or linen,
either in the warp or woof, or any thing
of fkins, to pronounce it clean, or to
pronounce it unclean.
C HA P. XIV.
Contains ( 1 ) Rules for the ceremonial purification of
lepers, by a fevenfold fprinkling of birds' blood min
gled with fire jh water ; wafhing of their whole body,
and fhaving off all the hair on it : and on the eighth
— day after by the oblation of a burnt-offering, a fin-
vffering, and a trefpafs-offering, fiuited to the rich or
to the poor; and the touching the tip of the right ear,
thumb, and foot, with the blood of the trefpafs-offering
mingled with oil; 1- — 32. (2) Rules for difcexning
the leprofy of a houfe, extirpating it, and ceremonially
¦ purifying from it ; 33 — 53. (3) A fummary con-
clufton of the laws relative to leprofy ; 54.-57.
AND the Lord. fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 \ This fhall be the law of the leper
a Mat. s. 2, 4. Mark [n the day of his cleanfins;: He a fhall be
1 . 40, 44. Luke 5. - J O
r-Ltt^i. A7iTif». brought unto the prieft :
3 And the prieft fliall go forth out of
the camp ; and the prieft fhall look ; and,
b6."ik,?Elod9'i,C26' behold, if the plague of leprofy be b healed
ir. 57.18,19. ., .J x ° x J
¦¦¦ in -the leper,
- 4 Then fhall the prieft command to
c S.'ie'4;.*"^. take for him that is to be cleanfed c two
'toTal^'s " birds alive and clean, and d cedar- wood,
jEMd.12.22.Num. and fcarlet, and hyflbp:
ll pV/8si:7?b' 9' 5 And the prieft fhall command that
c '£"'¦ Hel'. ,c": °ne of the birds be killed in an e earthen
veffel over running water:
6 As for the f living bird, he fhall take
it, and the cedar-wood, and the fcarlet,
and the hyflbp, and fhall dip them and
the living bird in the blood of the bird
that was killed over the running water :
. 7 And he fhall fprinkle upon him that
S2f7?'Iph°'s.k7?' is to be cleanfed from the leprofv s feven
Col. 2. 10. . 1/111 1-1
times, and fhall pronounce him clean, and

fhall b let the living bird loofe + into the- *%c*m

open

field.

for a meat-offering, mingled with oil, and

hHfib. i. 2.-&4.-I4,-
8 And he that is to be cleanfed fhall It^-9'14' ¦'
' wafh his clothes, and fhave off all his f ^JS.*^
hair, and wafh himfelf in water, that he iE^°7d;J|1,1zINl,j|.-
may be clean : and-after that he fhall come li";^^- £
into the camp, and fhall tarry abroad .Itji^^l7'
- , . r r , J Col- 3- 5- Rsro-S.
out of his tent leven days. '%\?.f;li%
9 But it fhall be on the feventh day
that he fhall fhave all his hair off his head,
and his beard, and his eyebrows, even
all , his hair he fhall fhave off: and' he
fhall wafh his clothes, alfo he fhall wafh
his flefh in water, and he fhall be clean.
10 And on the eighth day he fhalltake
ktwo he-lambs without blemifh, and one k|h;,A*m4;If
ewe-lamb * of the firft year without ble- t$sft?£
mifh, and three tenth-deals of fine, flour t Heb. 'tCdiugu*

of iter yeisr.

one log of oil.

2 Cor. 4. 7.
f Rev. 1. 18. 2 Cor.
. .13. 4. Heb. 1. 3.
- Phil. 2. 9— 11. -'

1 1 And the 'prieft that maketh him
clean fhall prefent the man that is l to be ^hl'.fl:7^,.
made clean, and thofe things, before the
Lord, at .the door of the tabernacle of _
the congregation:
12 And the prieft fhall take m one "^l^S
he-lamb, and offer him for a trefpafs-
offering, and the log of oil, and wave them
for a wave-offering before the Lord :
13 And he fhall flay the lamb n in the n£V7.&*87'£
place where he fhall kill the fin-offering f'A«.iVS.,£
and the burnt-offering, in the holy place;
for as the fin-offering is the prieft's, fo is
the trefpafs-offering : it is moft holy :
14 And the prieft fliall ° take fome of ° Exod8' %lt
J 2 Cor. 7. 1. I Pet.
I. Hi 15- "¦ 9- 5-
8c 52. 11: Pt. 90.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — In this filthy diftemper,
for which no cure but the power of God is prefcribed, with fhame
and'eonfufion of face I behold the penal, the dreadful, the defiling,
flie fpreading and obftinate, nature of reigning corruptions ; and
how they exclude from fellowfhip with Gcd and his people! Jea
lous of myfelf, it becomes me to prefent my heart and my ways
before my all-feeing High Prieft, that he may fearch and try me.
If he find me pining away in mine iniquity; wilfully increafing
unto more Aingodlinefs ; depending on felf-righteoufnefs as the
ground of m : acceptance with God ; habitually difpofed to rage at
reproof; fixed in grofs herefy, or given to boaft of that which is
plainly finful ; I am certainly a~ leper, a fervant of fin : and let irte,
6

the blood of the trefpafs-offering, and the
prieft fhall put it upon the tip ofilhe right ^Vii'S!
ear of him that is to be cleanfed, and ii^y,8^'
upon the thumb of his right hand, and
upon the great toe of his right foot :

with the deepeft agony and grief, bewail my condition, while by
faith I apply to him, for his word only can efredT: the cure, and his
grace relieve the mifery. If he find in me the oppofite marks of
real grace, particularly a deep fenfe of univerfal filthinefs in heart
and life, ftill let me wafh myfelf in Jefus' blood, on account of my
remaining corruptions and daily infirmities. — Let me fubmit to his
trial the garments of my converfation, that he may purge out what
is amifs ; and fave my foul, though my works ihould be burnt up.—
Let minifters learn with what tendernefs arid'exadt. attention to
God's prefcriptions they fhould judge of the ftates .of others, in
order either to admit them to, or exclude them from, the feals of
God's covenant.

Laws for purifying lefrofes.
*%T* 1 5 And the prieft fliall take fome of the
i john 4. m- j°=i'- p log of oil, and pour it into the palm of
28. If. 44- h 4i 5- 1_ ' 1 C^ 1 1
his own left hand :
16 And the prieft fhall dip his right
finger in the oil that is in his left hand,
*\tl£d\a¥ll: and fhall 1 fprinkle of the oil with his
., ft*. 4. 11. EPh. gnger feven times before the Lord.
'Ts^zcl'.li 17 And of the r reft of the oil that is
Uitltxol'.igizo. in his hand fhall the prieft pat upon the
tip of the right ear of him that is to be
cleanfed, and upon the thumb of his
right hand, and upon the great toe of
his .right foot, upoa the blood of. the
trefpafs-offering: 1 8 And the remnant of the oil that is
'^.piijjfi'&o?: in the prieft's hand he fhall s pour upon
\ffff. Eprrlfi?: the head of him that is to be cleanfed :
t Exod. 30. ,6. eh. 4. ^nd the prieft fliall l make an atonement
Rom'.^io,1!,1.' *' for him before the Lord.
*$&%%%£* 19 And the prieft fhall " offer the fin-
l'om.t.t'4^5°& offering, and make an atonement for him
34-25iPet. u'f?' that is to be cleanfed from his unclean-
19. & 2. 24. CC 3 .
,s- nefs; and afterward he fhall kill the
burnt-offering:
3 Heb.' "oEtd: z' 2° And tne Prieft lhall x offer the
burnt-offering and the meat-offering upon
yseever..8.ch.4. the altar: * and the prieft, fhall make an
atonement for him, and he fliall be
clean.
* 8.h&5',75'.Y4,t,"' 2 1 And if he z be poor, and " cannot
NnS&ia '' "*' get fo much, then he fliall take one lamb
«Ktb. hi, t,.,nd reach for a trefpafs-offering § to be waved, to
web. f.r -waving, make an atonement for him, and one
tenth-deal of fine flour mingled with oil
for a meat-offering, and a log of oil ;
22 And two turtle-doves, or two young
pigeons, fuch as he is able to get ; and
the one fhall be a fin-offering and the
other a burnt-offering.
i see fr„m ver. 10- 23 a And he fhall bring them on the
eighth day for his cleanfing unto the
prieft, unto the door of the tabernacle of
the congregation, before the Lord.
24 And the prieft fhall take the lamb
of the trefpafs-offering, and the log of
oil, and the prieft fhall wave them for a
wave-offering before the Lord :
¦*B£^*J£ 25 And he fhall kill the lamb of the
'fdtlf'^cC trefpz&-ofter'mg, and the prieft fhall b take
ll^f^^-dfome of the blood ofthe trefpafs-offering,

CHAP. XIV.

Laws for difceming lepfous houfes,
and put it upon the tip of the right ear ™°flfff
of him that is to be cleanfed, and upon ~
the thumb of his right hand, and upon
the great toe of his right foot :
26 * And the prieft fhall pour of the *^p™^
oil into the palm of his own left hand: p"e1fl°noUnlli'itl"
27 And the prieft fhall fprinkle with
his right finger fome of the oil that is
in his left hand feven times before the
Lord :
28 And the prieft fliall put of the oil
that is in his hand upon the tip of the
right ear of him that is to be cleanfed,
and upon the thumb of his right hand,
and upon the great toe of his right foot,
upon the place of the blood of the tref
pafs-offering :
29 And the c reft of the oil that is in '^"giff

17. & 3. x6, 19.
dExod. 3^.16, ijohn
2. 1,2. Ram. 5. io

the prieft's hand he fhall put 'upon the %1£z,.'il&[
head of him that is to be cleanfed, d to
make an atonement for him before the
Lord. 30 And he fhall offer the one of the
turtle-doves, or of the young pigeons,
fuch as he can get ;
31 Even fuch as he is able to get ; the
one for a fin-offering, and the other for
a burnt-offering-, with the meat-offering-:
and e the' prieft fhall make an atonement e 5« <*•¦»¦** «¦
F Mat. 3. 17. John
for him that is to be cleanfed before the I'll^ft' '¦
tt 1 John 2. it a.
L,ord. Heb.9.i4.
32 This is the law of him in whom is
the plag-ue of leprofy, whofe f hand is {v1":"-tfzVfc\T.
11 r 7 ¦ T '. ¦ 1 8. 9. Pf. 136. 23.
notable to g;et that which pertameth to &68.n.,Cor. i.
O / 27, 28. Jam. 2- 5.
his cleanfing.
22 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
34 When ye be come into the land of
Canaan, which I g give to you for a g?sc.&"s-78.1iu',n.
pofleffion, and I h put the plague of ^"j^, .6
leprofy in a houfe of the land of your l^ltilft.
pofleffion ;
25 And he that owneth the houfe fhall
come and tell the prieft, faying, It feem-
eth to me there is as it were a plague in
the houfe :
26 Then the prieft fliall command that
they + empty the houfe, before the prieft -, iq„.,c. ;;.
gro into it to fee the plagrie, that 'all that s-7!».iicV.'is?4
O. r O ' 2 Cor. 6. 14—'^-
is in the houfe be not made unclean : and

Thef. ]. h, 14.
2 Tim. j. s-

Where and by whom facrifices muft

LEVITICUS,

be offered: no blood to- be eaten1.

Before Chrift
1490.

fhall go in to fee the

afterward the prieft
houfe :
37 And he fhall look on the plague

*This plague repre
fented con uptiuns
t.onS^nd church, and, behold, if the plague be in the- walls

kiCor. 5. 4—8,11,
13. Tit. 3.10. Rev
2. 2, 6, 14, 20,22
Mal. 3. 3. If. 1. 25
SS.

1 zKin. 17. 20, 23.
Rr.1,1. II. 7— II.
7. TIwl. 2. 10, 11,
Rev. n. 2. M.U.
7.2. 7. .-

ofthe houfe with hollow ftrakes, greenifli
or reddifh, which in fight are lower than
the wall ;
38 Then the prieft fhall go out ofthe
houfe to the door of the houfe, and fhut
up the houfe feven days :
39 And the prieft fhall come again the
feventh day, and fhall look : and, behold,
if the plague be fpread in the walls of the
houfe, 40 Then the prieft fhall command that
they k take away the ftones in which- the
; plague is, and they fhall caft them into
an unclean place without the city :
41 And he fhall caufe the houfe to be
fcraped within round about, and they
fhall pour out the duft that they fcrape
off without the city into an unclean place :
42 And they fhall take other ftones,
and put them in the place of thofe ftones ;
and he fhall take other mortar, and fhall
plafter the houfe.
43 And if the plague come again,
and break out in the houfe, after that he
hath taken away the ftones, and. after
he hath fcraped the houfe, and after it is
plaftered, 44 Then the prieft fhall come and look ;
and, behold, if the plague be fpread in
the houfe, it is a fretting leprofy in the
houfe; it is unclean.
45 And he fhall l break down the houfe,
the ftones of it, and the timber thereof,
and all the mortar of the houfe ; and he
fhall carry them forth out of the city into
an unclean place.

goeth into the
fhut up

BeforcChrift 149^-

fhall totiu irfy&e.

46 Moreover, he that
houfe all the while that it is.
fhall be unclean until, the even.
47 And he that lieth in the houfe fhall
wafh his <clothes ; and he that eateth in
the houfe fhall wafh- his clothes.
48 f And if the prieft * fhall come in,
and look upon it, and, behold, the plague-
hath not fpread in the houfe after the
houfe was plaftered ; then the prieft fhall
pronounce the houfe clean, becaufe the
plague is healed.
49 And he fhall take to cleanfe the
houfe m two birds, and cedar-wood, and ""^'.tSr.^
fcarlet, and hyffop :
50 And he fhall kill the one of the
birds in an earthen veffel over running;
water :
5 1 And he fhall take the cedar- wood,.
and the hyffop, and the fcarlet, and the
living bird, and dip them in the blood of
the flain bird, and in the running water,
and fprinkle the houfe feven times :
52 And he fhall cleanfe the houfe with
the blood ofthe bird, and with the run
ning water, and with the living bird,
and with the cedar-wood, and with the
hyflbp, and with the fcarlet :
J2 But he fhall let go the living bird
out of the city into the open fields, and
make an atonement for the houfe ; and it
fhall be clean.
54 " This is the law for all manner of
plague of leprofy, and fcall, ,
55 And for the leprofy of a garment,
and of an houfe,
56 And for a rifing, and for a fcab,
and for a bright fpot ;
5 j To ° teach " when it is unclean, and
when // is clean : this is the law of leprofy.

w Ch. xiii. xiv. &6.
0,-rataSj 8c, . t,
37. & 11.46. 8c 15.
32. Num. 5. 29. &
6. 13. &CJ9. 14.

0 Ch. 10. to. lTim.
3. 16. Mal. 3. iS.
Jer. 15. 19.
tHcb.inthednyofthe unclean, an.l intbt
day of the clean.

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — No human endeavours, but
God alone, can cure my fpiritual plagues. By his grace, through
the application of the blood and Spirit of Jefus, the God-man — of
Jefus, the once flain, but now alive and afcended Saviour — I muft
be cleanfed from my reigning corruptions. Thus fliall I have ac
cefs into God's camp, his church below ; and, as a: bird efcaped,
fly away towards heaven, rejoicing in my deliverance. But not
till, through the Spirit, I repeatedly wafh myfelf and my perform
ances in the fountain of his blood ; till I fearch out and mortify
my corruptions, the deeds of my body, and receive the full effi
cacy of Jefus' righteoufnefs, and the influences of his bleffed Spirit,
for the fan&ification of my whole powers and members ; fhall I

be admitted to my real habitation, or enter into unreferved and im
mediate fellowfhip with divine perfons, holy angels,, and glorified
faints. But bleffed be the Lord, that my all-comprehending of
fering, Chrift Jefus, fuits me, whether I be poor or rich, and ren
ders my perfon and all my fervices conftantly acceptable before
God. — In this plague of the houfe let me obferve how fin work-
eth the difTblution not only of human bodies, but of families, na
tions, and churches ; and that no human projects, but Jefus and
his Spirit preached and applied, can prevent their deftruction; and
that, where there is a continued obftinacy in finning, notwith
ftanding mercies and judgments, inevitable ruin muft necefl'arily
enfue. '

Laws tfthe defilement

CHAP. XV,

of running Iffues.

Before Chrift
14,90.

a Ch. II. 1. & 13. T.
Heb. 1. 1. Pi', ij.
14. Amos 3, 7.
feCh. 11. t. Neh; 9.
13, 14. Rom. 3.2.
Deut. 4. 7, 8. Pf.
78. 5. Sc 147. 19,
20.
c Or running ef the
rc'ms, ch. 22. 4. '
Num. 5. 2. Mark
7. 2C— 23.
dCh.12. j.Ezek. 16.
z6. Sc £.3. 20.

«Tit. i. if. 1 Cor,
15.33. Eph. 5.7,

fitch, veffel.

t Th. it. 25, 28, 32,
& 13.6,34. &14.
K, 27. & 16. 26, 28.
Num. 19. 10, 22.
Heb. 10. 22. Rev.
7. 14. Heb. 9, 14,
2.6. If. 22- 14. Jam.
4. 8. If. 1. 16. Pf.
i6. 6. & 51. 2,7.
Ezek. 36. 25, 29.
Uncleannefs till the
even, means that
the effeers of the
defilement of fin
arc never perfect
ly removed till
death.

lTlm.4.1— 3. Tit.
1. 9, 10. 2 Pet. 2.
I— j. Gal. 1. g, 9.
Jude 4.

b .'-re ver. c. Jam. 4.
8. Pf. 16. 6.

i Ch.fi, 28. &TT.3J..
2 Cor. 5. 1. Phil, it
21, 2J. & 3.21.

CHAP. XV.
Reprefents the ceremonial infectious nature of running
iffues, and the—manner of purification from them, in
(1) Men, 1 — 18; (2) Women, 19 — 33.
AN D the Lord fpake a unto Mofes
and to^Aaron, faying,
2 Speak b pnto the children of Ifrael,
aiid fay unto them, When any man hath
a c running iffue out of his flefh becaufe of
his iflue he is unclean.
3 And this fhall be his uncleannefs in
his iflue : whether his d flefh run with
his iflue, or his flefh be flopped from his
ifliie, it is his uncleannefs.
4 e Every bed, whereon he lieth that
hath the iffue, is unclean ; and every
+ thing whereon he fitteth fliall be un
clean. 5 And whofoever toucheth his bed
f fliall wafh his clothes, and bathe himfelf
in water, and be * unclean until the even.
6 And he that fitteth on any thing
whereon he fat that hath the iflue fhall
wafh his clothes, and bathe himfelf in
water, and be unclean until the even.
7. And he that toucheth the flefh of
him that hath the iflue fhall wafh his
clothes, and bathe himfelf in water, and
be unclean until the even.
8 And if he that hath the iflue s fpit
upon him that is clean, then he fhall wafh
his clothes, and bathe himfelf in water,
and be unclean until the even.
9 And' what faddle foever he rideth
upon that hath the iflue fhall be unclean.
ro And whofoever toucheth any thing
that was under him fhall be unclean until
the even : and he that beareth jzny of thofe
things fliall h Wafh his clothes, and bathe
hitnfelf in water, and be unclean until
the even.
1 1 And whomfoever he toucheth that
hath the ifliie, and hath not rin-fed his
hands in water, h he fhall wafh his clothes,
and bathe himfelf h\ water, and be unclean
until the even.
12 And the * veffel of earth, that he
toucheth which hath the iffue, fhall be
broken ; and every veffel of wood fhall be
rinfed in water.

is

13 And
cleanfed

Before Chrifl
'49°-
fc Exod. 29. je, 37.
ch.14, 3, ip. Num.
19.11,12. Bctz. 14.
1 Ver.j, io,ti:-Rev.
. &22.1. Ezek.
2s,29.Jc-. j J.
, 2 Cor. 7. 1. Jaia.
4.8.

Xt

when he that hath ai> iflue
of his iffue, then he fhall
number to himfelf k feven days for his
cleanfing, and * wafh his clothes, and
bathe his flefh in running water, and fhall
be clean.
1 4 And on the eighth day he fhall take
to him m two turtle-doves, or two young
pigeons, and come before the Lord, unto fj^
the door of the tabernacle of the congre
gation, and give them unto the prieft. :
1 5 And the prieft. -fliall. offer them, the
one for a fin-offering, and the other for
a burnt-offering ; and the n prieft fliall
make an atonement for him before the
Lord for his iflue.
1 6 And if any man's ° feed of copulation "^.^J!^,.
go out from him, then he fhall wafh all *!?*i%l'aV**
his flefh in water, and be unclean until
the even.
1 7 And every garment, and every fkin
whereon is the feed of copulation, fliall
be wafhed with water, and be unclean
until the even.
18 The p woman alfo with whom man f]^,J7r^.f.
fhall lie with feed of copulation, they fhall

mCh. 12. 6,8. & 14,
22,23. vcr- *9i 1°-
8c 1. 14. 8c 12. a.
8c 14. 22. Num. 6.
!e*. 7. 26. 8c
10. 10, 12, 14.
xCor. <¦ 21. x

n Ch. 4. 10, 26, j 1,
3S- &12. 8. 0^14.
Iti. Num. 15. 25,
Mat. 1. 17.fc.ph. 1.
6. Heb. x. 3.

5- 3-
II. 21 nil. 2. 22.
ver. 5.

water, and be

rVer. 4-^). 1 Cor.
15. JJ- Piov.2. 16
-19. & 5. 3-13.
&6.1J— ?5- &!¦
10—1.7, 8c g. 13 —
1::. t'cz-.. 27. heel.
7-;fi.

both bathe themfelves in
unclean until the even.
19 ^[ And ifa woman i have an iffue, q ?4. zgf£ % £
and her ifliie' in her flefh be blood, flie "• V' 25' Mat'
fhall be + put apart feven days; and ^f1" ''¦'*"•
whofoever toucheth her fhall be .unclean
until the even.
20 And r every thing that fhe lieth
upon in her feparation fhall be unclean ;
every thing alio that fhe fitteth upon fliall
be unclean.
21 And whofoever toucheth her bed
s fliall wafh his clothes, and bathe him felf " ' Vfrilf^Htfi.
_ . . J J 22. 14, ice ver. j,
in water, and be , unclean until the even. °-
22 And whofoever toucheth anyJjhing
that fhe fat upon fliall wafh his clwthes,
and bathe himfelf in water, and be un
clean until the even.
23 And if it be on her bed, or on anv
tiling whereon flie fitteth", when he
toucheth it he fliall be unclean until the
even. 24 And if any man l lie with her at .lF.-ckch,82o6'if"'
all, and her flowers be upon him, he ^-4-iThci.s.

i 2 Cor. 7. 1. Rev. 7.

Purification -of running iffues.

LEVITICUS.

The great faft of expiation*

Before Chlift
I4.CTO.

-724,

x Ch. 17. TJ. -rer. ?,
-• -fi-.&t. jPet.'i. 18,

fhall be unclean feven days ; and all the
bed whereon he lieth fhall be unclean.
u Mat. g. 20. Mark 2 r -And ifa woman u have an iffue of
7. 20— 23. ver. 19 «J /*¦¦»*
her blood many days but of the time of
her feparation, or if it run beyond the
time of her feparation ; all the days of
the iffue of her uncleannefs fhall be as
the days of her feparation : flie fhall be
unclean. 26 Every bed whereon fhe lieth all the
days of her iffue fliall be unto her as the
bed of her feparation ; and whatfoever
fhe fitteth upon fhall be unclean, as the
uncleannefs of her feparation.
27 And whofoever toucheth thofe
things fhall be unclean, and x fhall wafh
icfS*'&kt^ his. clothes, and bathe himfelf in water,
JJoSIZe7C^,3',¦ and be unclean until the even.
28 But if fhe be cleanfed of her
yg/^g-^ ifliie, then fhe fhall 1 number to herfelf
Ill'eor.Tjo; feven days, and after that fhe fhall be clean.
29 x\nd z on the eighth day fhe fhall
take unto her two turtles, or two young
pigeons, and bring them unto the prieft,
to the door of the tabernacle of the con
gregation. 30 And the prieft fhall offer the one
for a fin-offering, and the other for a
burnt-offering ; and the prieft fhall make
an atonement for her before the Lord
for the ifliie of her uncleannefs.
3 1 a Thus fhall ye feparate the children
of .Ifrael from their uncleannefs ; that
they die not in their uncleannefs, when
they defile my tabernacle that is among
them. 32 b This is the law of him that hath
an iffue, and of him whofe feed goeth
from him, and is defiled therewith ;
And of her that. is fick of her flowers,
f him that hath an iflue, ofthe man,

& 6. 11.
z See ver. 14.

a Ch. it. 47. 8c 13.
50. P). 66.18. Jurle
4.' Heb. 10. 29. 8c
12. 15.

* See ver. 2 — 30.
ch. xiv. 8c 11.46.
Num. 5, 29. 8c 6.
l$. & 19. 14,

3J^
an«fl and'f

and W the woman, and of him that lieth
with her that is unclean.

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — In thefe things, as in a
figure, I behold how fhameful and infectious are the fcandalous
outbreaking of original and inward corruption, and particularly
thofe which are any way connected with flefhly lufts. Neither
the corrupters nor the- corrupted can have feliowfhip with God or
his people but in a believing improvement of Jefus' blood and
Spirit, and in bitter and unfeigned repentance of their fin. Let my

CHAP. XVI.
Contains the divine inftitution of the great faft of ex
piation, or annual purification -of the Jeyeijh nation;
the whole facer dotal work of which was committed to
the high-priefi. (i) Upon that day of the year only-
durft he enter into the oracle, or moft holy place ; ' I,
2. (2) He muft perform the principal fervice of the
day dreffed in his plain linen garments, like thofe of
the common priefts, not in his golden robes; 4. (3)
Sin-offerings and burnt-offerings muft be prefented
both for himfelf and for the people; 3,-5. (4) Hav
ing offered his own bullock for a fin- offering, he muft
carry part of the blood of it into the moft holy place ;
and, having entered with his hands full of incenfiey
with a cenfer full of burning coals from the altar of
burnt-offering, he. muft burn the incenfe before the
mercy-feat, and fprinkle the blood towards it; 6 — 14.
(5) Ofthe two goats, provided for a Jin-offering for
the people, one, according to the direclion of the lot,
muft be flain, and part of its blood fprinkled before
the mercy-feat in the moft holy place ; and another
part of it, together with part of the bullock's bloody
fprinkled on the golden altar, if not alfo on the brazen-
one. The other goat, having all the fins ofthe He
brew nation transferred on him by the high-priefi: 's
confeffion of them over his head, muft be difmiffed into
the wildernefs ; 15 — 22. (6) The burnt-offerings
for the high-prieft and people being flain, and laid on.
the altar, the fat of the fin-offerings muft be burnt
above them, and the flefh of it burnt without the
camp; 23 — 28.' (7) The conductor of the f cape-
goat into the wildernefs, the high-prieft, and the man
who burnt the flefh of the Jin-offering, muft wafh
themfelves from the ceremonial pollution contrasted in
their work; 24, 26, 28. (8) The people muft ob
ferve the day in holy refiling from their labours, and
in bitter mourning for their fins; 29 — -34.
AN D a the Lord fpake unto Mofes
after b the death of the two fons of
Aaron, when they offered before the
Lord and died ;
2 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Speak unto Aaron thy brother, that he
c come not at all times into the holy place
within the vail before the mercy-feat,
which is upon the ark ; that he die not :
for I will d appear in the cloud upon the
mercy-feat. 3 Thus fhall Aaron come into the
holy place : e with a young bullock for

Before Chrift
J490,.

a Ch. 1. 1. Eiorl 2{.
22. Num. 7. 8o.
b Ch. 10. 2. Num. 3.
4. & 26. 61.
I Chr. 24. 2.

cCh. 23. 7. Exod. so
lo. &20. 33. Heb.
9. 6, 8. with Heb.
ic. 19 — 22. & 4.
14—16. & 1.-3-

d Exorr. 3. ;. & f.
35. I Kir.. 8. II,
12. ver. 13. 2Cor.
5. 19-11.

eCh. 4.3. Heb. 9.6
— 1 1 . & 10. Vf —
22. Eph. 2. 18.

body, therefore, as well as my foul, be kept pure for the Lord.
Let me, with the moft earneft care, avoid the company of apoftate,
erroneous, u'nchafte, frothy, and wicked, perfons ; and have no fel
lowship in thought, word, or deed, with the unfruitful works of
darknefs, but rather reprove them. Without this circumfpedtion
and care, I fliall certainly contract guilt, ftains, infamy, and hur^
which will not be purged away, but follow me, till I die.

Laws ofthe great faft of
a fin-offering,

Before Chrift
1490.

CHAP.
and a ram for a burnt

XVI.

annual expiation for the Hebrews

fExod. 28.2. &39.
41. ch.6.10. Ezek.
44. 17, 18. I Tim.
2. 5. Gal. 4. 4. If.
53. 2. Phil. 2. 7.
a Cor. 8. 9.

g Exod. 10. 29. Heb.
7.26. Luke I. 35.
2 Cor. 5. 21.

JCh.iv-.i. Num.vii.
xxviii. xxix.Rom.
H. 3. Pi. 89. 19.

i Ch. iv. 8c 8. 14—
17. Heb. 9. 7. 8c
7. 27.

offering. 4 Pie fhall f put on the holy linen coat,
and he fhall have the linen breeches upon
his flefh, and fhall be girded with the
linen girdle, and with the linen mitre
fhall he be attired : thefe are holy gar
ments ; therefore fhall he s wafh his flefh
in water, and fo put them on.
5 And he fhall take of the congregation
of the children of Ifrael two h kids of the
goats for a fin-offering, and one ram for
a burnt-offering. 6 And Aaron fhall offer ' his bullock of
the fin-offering, which is for himfelf, and
make an atonement for himfelf, and for
his houfe.
7 And he fhall take the two goats, and
k prefent them before the Lord at the
door ofthe tabernacle ofthe congregation.
8 And Aaron fhall caft 1 lots upon the
two goats ; one lot for the Lord, and
the other lot for * the fcape goat.
9 . And Aaron fliall m bring the goat
upon which the Lord's lot + fell, and
offer n him for a fin-offering.
But the ° goat, on which the lot fell
the fcape goat, fhall be prefented

before the mercy- feat fliall he fprinkle
of the blood with his finger feven times.
15 f Then "fhall he 5 kill the goat of
the fin-offering that is for the people,
and bring his blood within the vail, and
do with that blood as he did with the
blood of the bullock, and fprinkle it
+ upon the mercy-feat, and before the
mercy- feat :
1 6 And he fhall ' make an atonement
for the holy place, becaufe of the unclean
nefs of the children of Ifrael, and becaufe
of their tranfgreflions in all their fins :
and fo fliall he do for the tabernacle of

Before Chrift
149°-
s Heb. 9. 7. &I.3.&
13. 20. &6.19, 20.
8c 10. 19. &4- 14,
15. ver. 61 II.

f
t Towards.

t Ver. 18—10. ch. 4.
35. &8. ic. &14.
49' 5*> S3- Exod.
29. 36. 1 John 2. 1,
2. 8c 4. 10. Mac.
20. 2S. If.53. 4—6,
ic — 12. Dan.9. 24.
1 Pet. 1. 18,19. &
z. 24. 8c 3. 18.

& Ch. ?. 3. & 12. 6,
7. & 15. 14, 29.
Gal. 4. 4. Mat. 10.
21. 8c 20. 18.
1 Prov. 16. 33. & 8.
23. Rom. 3. 25. 8c
8. 3. If. 42. 1—7.
AHS2.23. &4.2.S.
1 John 4. 9, to.
John 10. 8. I Cor.
IS- 3. 4-
* Heb. Jscasccl.
m Ch. i7. 1 Pet. 2.
24.&3.18. If. 53.
4—10. 2 Cor. 5.
21.
J Heb. went up. /
nCh. 4.23. £5. 6.
8c 23. 19. Num. 7.
M.tczt..\,Jlec alive before the Lord, to make an atone
29. 5, n7 io, 19, m *
2S'&C- ment with him, and to let him go for a
4.io.inf.s'!,',^,2. feape-goat into the wildernefs.
K.om.4. 2^. j Pet. i D
1 1 5F And Aaron fliall bring the
lock of the fin-offering, which

the congregation that
them " in the midft

* remaineth among * Heb- dw,xiah-
of their unclean- uEzek- z*- 38>«>

x no man in the x^l\?ffi*
congregation when he 'f^cdutfzit'
Dfin. 9. 24.

10
to be

Rom. 4. 25. j Pet.
3-i«-&i. J8— 21.
Heb. 1. 3. & rc.
14-

the fin-offering which is

p Ch. io. 1. Exod.
¦ 30. 34, 36. Rom.
12. 11. Heb. 5. 7,
&cj.z$. Rev. 8. 3,
4. Heb. 9. 24.
Kom. 8. 34,

ftHcb.9,24.&7,iS, 1 John 2. 1, 2.

* Ch. 4. 6, 17. Heb.
p. 7. Sc 10. 4, 10,
12, 14, 19, 20. If.
42. zi. 2 Cor. 5.
19. P..om. 3. 24—
26.
* Towards. Vol. I,

bul-
is for
himfelf, and fhall make an atonement for
himfelf, and for his houfe, and fhall kill
the bullock of
for himfelf:
12 And he fhall p take a cenfer full of
burning coals of fire from off the altar
before the Lord, and his hands full of
fweet incenfe beaten fmall, and bring it
within the vail :
13 q And he fliall put the incenfe upon
the fire before the Lord, that the cloud
of the incenfe may cover the mercy-feat
thaf is upon the teftimony, that he die
not :
14 And r he fhall take ofthe blood of
the bullock, and fprinkle // with his finger
'" upon the mercy- feat eaftward ; arid

y Exod. 30. To. di. 4.
7, 18. John 17. 19.
Heb. 2. 10. &J. i.
]John2. 1, 2. Heb
7.25.

nefs. 1 7 And there fhall be
tabernacle of the .
goeth in to make an atonement in the
holy place, until he come out, and have
made an atonement for himfelf, and for
his houfehold, and for all the congrega
tion of Ifrael.
1 8 And he fhall ? go out unto the altar
that is before the Lord, and make an
atonement for it, and fliall take of the
blood of the bullock, and of the blood
of the goat, and put // upon the horns of
the I" altar round about.
19 And he fhall fprinkle of the blood
upon it with his finger feven times, and
cleanfe it, and * hallow it from the un
cleannefs of the children of Ifrael.
20 ^F And when he hath made an end
of a reconciling the holy place, and the
tabernacle of the congregation, and the
altar, he fhall bring the b live goat :
21 And Aaron fliall c lay both his hands
upon the head of the live goat, and c^n-
fefs over him all the. iniquities ofthe wil-
dren of Ifrael, and all their tranfgremons
in all their fins, putting them upon the
head of the goat, and fhall fend him
away by the hand of a -t fit man into 'the f Jif^r '**
wildernefs :

t The golden altar,
and probably af
terwards he put
cf the blood upon
thc hom9 of the
brazen altar.
zHeb, 13. 10. 1 Pet.
2.5. Rev. 8. 3, 4.

a Ver. TI— 19. A3«
20. 28. Col. 1. 20.
Eph. I. 10. & 2.
14. & 5. 25—27.
Rom. 5. 10. Mic.
5- 5-
b Rev. 1. 18. John
11. 25. I Cor. 15.
45-
c ir. 53. 6, it, it..
2 Cor. s 21. I I'.-t.
2. 24. j Cor. 5.21.

22 And the goat fhall
all their iniquities unto a
bited : and he fliall let

d bear upon him
land + not inha-
the goat in

the wildernefs.

go

d 1 Pet. 2. 14. If. sj.
4, 5, 11, 11. Pi.
103.12. Jer. 5^.20.
Zech. 3. 9. 2C01;.
5. 19, 21. 11". 41.
iS. Ezek. 20. 35.
t Heb, nfftfarM'.n.

Aa

"The fcape goat.

LEVITICUS.

The great atonement.

Before Chrift
'4-9°-
e Ezek. 44. 19. Phil.
2. 6 — 11. Rom. 8.
3. with Heb. 9. 28.

fExod. 29. 3, 4. 8c
30. 19, 20. Heb. 9.
10—22. Dan, 9.24.

gExod. 29.13.CI1.4.
8, 19, 26, 31, 35.
John 12. 17. P1.22.
13, 14, Tit. 2. 14.
Gal. 2.. 20. Eph. 5.
2,25.
h Ch. 15. 5, 8. 8c 10.
19. ver. 19. Num.
19. 8. Heb. 7. 19.
&g. 10. & ie.1,4.

iCh. 4. 12.21. 8c 6.
30. Heb. 9. 12. 8c
13. 11 — 14. Zech.
73. 7. Pf. 22. 12 —
21. Mac. xxvi.
xxvii.

23 And Aaron fhall come into the
tabernacle of the congregation, and fhall
e put off the linen garments, which he
put on when he went into the holy place,
and fhall leave them there :
24 And he fhall f wafh his flefh with
water in the holy place, and put on his
garments, and come forth, and offer his
burnt-offering, and the burnt- offering of
the people, and make an atonement for
himfelf, and for the people.
25 And the E fat of the fin- offering
fhall he burn upon the altar.
26 And he that let go the goat for the
fcape goat fhall h wafh his clothes, and
bathe his . flefh in water, .and afterward
come into the camp.
27 * And the bullock for the fin-offer
ing, and the goat for the fin-offering,
whofe blood was brought in to make
fhall one
and they
and their

k Ver. 26.

lGen.17.7, 8. Exod.
21. 6. ver. 34.
m.Ch. 23. 27. Exod.
30. 10. Num. 29.
7. 1 Kin. 8. 2. Acts
17.9.
1 Ver. 31. 2 Cor. 7.
10, 11. 1 Cor. ir.
31. Ezek. 6. 9. Pf.
35. 13. & 5 1. 17. If.
57. 15,16. « 66.2.
Prav.2ij.13, R*m.
6. 6.
• Ver. 31. Heb. 4. 10.
John 6. 29.
p Ch. 23. 27—32.
Heb. 4. 2. Eph. I.
7. Dan, 9. 24. Tit.
| 2- 14. I Pet -
19-

18,

atonement in the holy place,
carry forth without the camp ;
fhall burn in the fire their fkins_
flefh, and their dung.
28 And he that burnetii them k fhall
wafh his clothes, and bathe his flefh in
water, and afterward he fhall come into
the camp.
2 9 ^F And this fhall be a ftatute l for
ever unto you : that in m the feventh
month, on the tenth day of the month,
ye fhall " afflicl: your fouls, and do ° no
work at all, whether it be one of your own
country, or a ftranger that fbjourneth
among you.
30 For on p that day fhall the prieft
make an atonement for you, to cleanfe

you, that ye may be clean from all your
fins before the Lord.
31 ^ It fhall be a fabbath of reft unto
you, and ye fhall afflicl: your fouls, by a
ftatute for ever.
32 And " the prieft, whom he fhall
anoint, and whom he fhall " confecrate
to minifter in the prieft's office in his
father's ftead, fhall make the atonement,
and fhall put on the linen clothes, even
the holy garments :
22 And he fhall make an atonement for
the s holy fancf uary, and he fhall make
an atonement for the tabernacle of the
congregation, and for the altar ; and he
fhall make an atonement for the priefts,
and for all the people of the congregation.
34 And this fhall be an ' everlafting
ftatute unto you, to make an atonement
for the children of Ifrael for all their fins
u once a year. And he did as the Lord
commanded Mofes.
CHAP. XVII.
Here, to preferve the honour of the tabernacle, priefts,
ceremonial atonements, and purifications, God for
bids, (1) The. offering of any facrifices, in ordinary
cafes, any where but at his altar, or by any other
than his priefts, and alfo the facrificing to devils,
under pain of excommunication or death ; I — 9. (2)
The eating of blood under the fame penalty ; and the
eating of animals which died- of themfelves, or had
been torn by beafts, under pain of ceremonial wafh
ing; 10 — 16.

Before Chrift
'49°-
q See ver 29.

r Exod. 29, 9. ch.7.
37-&4-3.S,i6,&
21.10. Heb. 7. 28,
Rom. 8.-3, 4.
l|Heli.ji«4uio^

s Ver. 16, to, vs.
Ads 20. 28. Mat.
20. 28. Rev. 1. 5, 6,
If. S3- 4-«.

tCen.l7.7,8.Erad. 12. 14, 17.

n Exod. 30. 10. Heb.
o. 7. Dan. 9. 24.
Heb. 7. 18, 19. &
10. 1, 4.6c 9.11- ic
10. 10, 12, 14.

A

ND the 3Lord fpake unto Mofes, *2:S£wW

fayin

2 b Speak unto Aaron, and unto his ^^.m*^:
fons, and unto all the children of Ifrael, m^ztfill.'si.
, r 1 ' ' rr-il ¦ ' ¦ T 1 • 28, 29. 1 Coi. 4. 1.
and fay unto them, This is the thing

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — In the(p ceremonial ob-
fervances I am ftill directed to Jefus as appointed by God, and
fully qualified tqjmake atonement for all the fins of an elect world.
I behold him, iflhs debafement, ftript of his glorious robes of
light and majefty^lothed with a mean but pure manhood ; and
at once ftanding as the laborious High Prieft, and as the God-
honouring a.nd fin-expiating facrifice. He needed not to offer for
himfelf; but the Lord lays upon him the iniquities of us all. As
our flain goat he^tones for them, and as our fcape gdat he carries
them all into the land of forgetful nefs; dying for our offences,
but raifed again, and afcending to glory, for our juftirication. Be
hold him entering into the cekftial oracle in the virtue of his own
blood ! There he appears in the prefence of God for us, pleadino-
his own merits, and offering up the incenfe of continual inter
ceffion for us ; plitting off" his robes of debafement, laying afide
every vcftige of the likenefs oi finful flefh, and clothed and crowned

with glory and honour. The fprinkling of his blood fanctifies the
church, and all the ordinances of it ; and renders our facrifices
and incenfe of grateful obedience, of fervent prayer and praifes,
acceptable to his Father. He returns alfo in the Spirit from
within the vail to blefs all nations in the gofpel ; and at laft will
return perfonally in the clouds, without fin, unto our eternal fal
vation. But while, in the purification of thefe agents after their
facred work, I perceive the imperfection of the moft noted cere
monies for purging the confeience, let me diligently obferve what
pollution I contract in my moft religious my m°ft folemn, fervices,
and let me live by faith, looking to Jefus whom I have pierced,
and mourning bitterly over my tranfjreffions as tie caufe of his
fufferings ! Nor let me ever forget what infinite glories muft dwell
in Chrift, who anfwers, nay, infinitely more than anfwers, to all
th^efe facrifices, thefe oblations, thefe priefts, thefe means of pu
rification, of which I have hitherto read !

Where and by whom facrifices muft

CHAP. XVII.

be offered: no blood to be eaten*

Before Chrift
1490.

cVer. 8, 12, 13, 15-
d Ver. 4, S, 8. Deut.
iz. 5, 15, zi.

eCh. 1. 3, 11- &3-
2,8,I3.&4.4,ij»
24, 29, 33. Deut.
11. 13, 14, 26, 27.
Ezek. 20. 40. Heb.
9. 11. & 10. 19—
az. John 10.7,9.
f If. 66. 3. Heb. 2.3.
Sc 10. 29.
g Gen. 17". 14. Exod.
12. 15, 19. & 31.
14. & 3c. 33, 3*"
Ch. 7. 20, 21, 25,
27. & 18.29, & *9*
8. & 20. 3, 6, 18.
& 23. 29. Num.i j.
30, 31. & 19. 13.
&9- 13. ver. 9,10,
14, Shall be ex
communicated.
hCh. 1. 3. &8. 3,4,
&c Deut.12. 5,6.
Mat. zo. 18. & 16.

i Exod. 29. 16, 20.
Lev. 1. 5, 11. &3.
2, 3, 13. Mat. 23.
19.

k Exod. 29. 18. ch.
4. 31. &16. zs- Sc
3. 5, 11, 16. Num.
18. 17.
1 Deut. 32. 17. Pf,
106. 37. I Cor. 10.
20. 2 Chr, 11. 15.
- Rev. 9. 20. i. e. to
¦idols, in which de-
vilsare reprefent
ed and honoured.
in Exod. 34. 15,
Judg. 2. 12, 13,17,
19. Ezek. 23. 8.
Jer„ 3. 1. & 2. 13.

n Ver. io, 12, ij.
Acts Z. 10.

0 Ch. i. iii. iv- t. vi.

p See ver. 3— <5.

q See ver. 4, 10, 14.

And bringeth it not c unto the door

which the Lord hath commanded, fay
ing* 3 What man foever there be of c the
houfe of Ifrael, that d killeth an ox, or
lamb, or goat, in the camp, or that killeth
it out of the camp,
' 4
ofthe tabernacle of the congregation, to
offer an offering unto the Lord before
the tabernacle of the Lord ; blood fhall
be imputed unto that man ; he hath flied
blood ; and that man fhall g be cut off from
among his people :
5 To the end that the children of Ifrael
may h bring their facrifices, which they
offer in the open field, even that they may
bring them unto the Lord, unto the door
of the tabernacle of the congregation,
unto the prieft, and offer them for peace-
offerings unto the Lord.
6 And the prieft fhall * fprinkle the
blood upon the altar of the Lord at the
door of the tabernacle of the congregation,
and k burn the fat for a fweet favour unto
the Lord.
7 And they fhall no more l offer their
facrifices unto devils, after whom they
have gone a ra whoring. This fhall be a
ftatute for ever unto them throughout
their generations.
8 And thou fhalt fay unto them,
n Whatfoever man there be of the houfe of
Ifrael, or of the ftrangers which fojourn
among you, that offereth a n burnt-offer
ing or facrifice,
9 Arid bringeth it not unto p the door
of the tabernacle of the congregation, to
offer it unto the Lord ; even that man
fhall be 1 cut off from among his people.
10 ^[ And whatfoever man there be of

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — How high is the fove-
reignty of God, by which he can enact what laws of worfhip, and
means of approaching him, he pleafes ! But to worfhip him accord
ing to our own inventions, to neglect the way of his appointing,
fo far from being acceptable before God, is both dangerous to
ourfelves, and confidered by him as nearly connected* with the ido
latrous worfjjjp of devils. It is neceffary, therefore, on every wor
fliipping occafion to cleave clofe to Jefus as our altar and high-
prieft, and to the communion of his faints ; and, for the prevent
ing of falfe worfhip, for the honour of divinely-inftituted ordi
nances, and for the uniting of the church, to adhere ftridtly to
God's appointment, even in things circumftantial ; and to prefer

Before Chrift
'49°-
r Ver. 12, 14. ch. 7»
26, 27. Sc 3. 17.
Deiu. 12. 16, 23.
8c 15. 23. I Sam.
14.33,34. Gen. 9.
4. Atts 15. 29.
Ezek. 44. 7, Heb.
10. 29.

s Ch, 1. 5, 11. 8c 3.
2, 8,13. &4- 7; IB,
25, 30, 34. 8c 16.
18. & 8. 11. 15.
Mat. 20. 28. & 26.
28. Heb. 9. 12, 14.
8c to. 19. 1 John 1.
7. Rom. 3. 25. CoL
1. 20. Heb. 9. 22.

t See rer. k.

the houfe of Ifrael, or of the ftrangers
that fojourn among you, that r eateth any
manner of blood ; I will even fet my
face againft that foul that eateth blood,
and will cut him off from among his
people. 1 1 For the life of the flefh is in the
blood ; and I have given it to. you 5 upon
the altar to make an atonement for your
fouls : for it is the blood that maketh an
atonement for the foul.
1 2 Therefore I faid unto the children
of Ifrael, ' No foul of you fhall eat blood ;
neither fhall any ftranger that fojourneth
among you eat blood.
13 And whatfoever man there be ofthe
children of Ifrael, or of the ftrangers that
fojourn among you, u which hunteth and
catcheth any beaft or fowl that may be
eaten ; he fhall K even pour out the blood %^s.&™.*£
* r 23. 1 Sam. 14. 32,
thereof, and cover it with duft. 34- fever.™.
14 y For it is the life of all flefh; the 'teJSfct:
blood of it is for the life thereof: therefore finer.*. «¦'*¦
I faid unto the children of Ifrael, Ye fhall
eat the blood of no manner of flefh ; for
11 the life of all flefh is the blood thereof
whofoever eateth it fhall be cut off.
15 ^f And every foul that eateth § that * itlazt™\, '
which died of itfelf, or that which was >4"£™: U: i,t
•777777 .7 ,- I Sam. 14. 37, 54.
torn with beafts, whether it be one of your !£ £¦ "¦ *°- &
own country or a ftranger, he fhall both
z wafh his clothes, and bathe himfelf in ^.'"n^.?,.*
water, and be unclean until the even; J*"'
then fhall he be clean.
1 6 But * if he wafh them not, nor bathe *%\fyfS;fl
his flefh, then he fhall bear his iniquity.

u Heb. that himtetb
any hunting, ch. 7,

And thus life was
made a rani'om for
men.

l\cls 4. ll. Heb.
10, 26—29. & 2, 3.

CHAP.

XVIII.

Contains (i) A ^general prohibition of conformity to the
corrupt ufages of the heathen; I — 5. (2) Parti
cular laws againft inceft of various forms; ^-ii

¥ or ai

public ordinances to private. In this blood W animals, fo noted
becaufe made an atonement for men, I behold the blood of the
new covenant enjoined to me — the blood of Jefus Chrift fhed fir
me. Let me, therefore, impreffed with the repeated command
ments of Heaven, maintain the deepeft reverence for it, and every
thing connected with it, and deteft every thing murderous or
cruel. And let nothing deathful, dead, or flying, nothing that can
be torn to pieces, or torn from me, but the ever-living Jefus, and
Jehovah in him, be the provifion of my foul and portion of my
heart! If I am defiled by fuch things, either I muft wafh in
Jefus' fountain opened, or perifh in my fin.
A a z

Laws prohibiting heathenijh

LEVITICUS.

cuftoms, inceft, &c.

Ecfore Chrift
1490.

and againft beaftly lufts and barbarous idolatries;
19—23. (3) An enforcement of thefe laws, from
the ruin of the Canaanites by the fins prohibited ;
24—30. N D the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
a»";l-'f73,E™<I" and fay unto them, I am the a Lord vour
*\^l:£c2!;.t 3 b After the doings of the land of
' ch. 20. 23. 8c ver,
24. 30. Deut. iz. j_ , ^l
14' Kp'h. 5/7-n- ^ : and after the doings of the land of
iPet. 4. 2, 3. Rom. ^ O
I2,2- Canaan, whither I bring you, fhall

, 3 — — — 6.
Egypt, wherein ye dwelt, fhall ye not
1 of
ye
not do: neither fhall ye walk in their
ordinances.
'Il.V^.ceu't: 4 Ye fhall c do my judgments, and
hilfAf2" 3*' keep mine ordinances, to walk therein:
I am the Lord your God.
5 Ye fhall therefore keep my ftatutes
d Rom.'icf's.G'aM. and my judgments ; d which if a man do,
Mat^ 17°' * ' he fhall live in them: I am the Lord.
^f^ViltTl. 6 '% e None of you fhall approach to
Amos'"?-30' any that is *near of kin to him, to uncd-
I am the Lord.

g Ch. 20. IT. Deut.
. 22. 30. 8c 27. 20.
2 Sam. 16. zi, 22
Amos 2. 7. Gen.
35.22. 1 Cor. 5. 1.
Ezek. 22. 10.
Ch. 20. 17. Deut.
27. 22. 2 Sam. 13
11 — 14. Ezek.2Z.
JI.

'ji^r'^^ver their nakednefs
fver.i4,.6.ch.2c 7 The f nakednefs of thy father, or the
nakednefs of thy mother, fhalt thou not
uncover : fhe is thy mother ; thou fhalt
not uncover her nakednefs.
8 s The nakednefs of thy father's wife
fhalt thou not uncover ; it is thy father's
nakednefs. 9 h The nakednefs of thy After, the
daughter of thy father, or daughter of
thy mother, whether fhe be born at home
or born abroad, even their nakednefs thou
fhalt not uncover.
io The nakednefs of thy fon's daugh
ter, or of thy daughter's daughter, even
their nakednefs thou fhalt not uncover :
for jj^ir's is thine own nakednefs.
1 pThe nakednefs of thy father's wife's
daughter, begotten of thy father, fhe is
thy fifter, thou flialt not uncover her
nakednefs. 1 2 ' Thou flialt not uncover the naked
nefs of, thy father's fifter; {he, is thy
father's near kinfwoman.
13 Thou fhalt not uncover the naked
nefs of thy mother's fifter ; for fhe is thy
mother's near kinfwoman.

i Ch. 20. 19. Exod,
6.20.

14 k Thou fhalt not uncover the naked
nefs of thy father's brother, thou fhalt
not approach to his wife : fhe is thine
aunt. 1 5 l Thou fhalt not uncover the naked
nefs of thy daughter-in-law : fhe is thy
fon's wife ; thou fhalt not uncover her
nakednefs. 1 6 m Thou fhalt not uncover the naked
nefs of thy brother's wife : it is thy bro
ther's nakednefs.
1 7 n Thou fhalt not uncover the naked
nefs of a woman and her daughter, nei
ther fhalt thou take her fon's daughter,
or her daughter's daughter, to uncover
her nakednefs ; for they are her near
kinfwomen : it is wickednefs.
1 8 Neither fhalt thou take ° a wife to
her fifter, to vex her, to uncover her
nakednefs, befide the other in her life-
time. 1 9 5F p Alfo thou fhalt not approach
unto a woman to uncover her nakednefs
as long as fhe is put apart for her un
cleannefs. 20 Moreover, q thou fhalt not lie
carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to
defile thyfelf with her.
2 1 And thou r fhalt not let any of thy
feed pafs through the fire s to Molech,
neither fhalt thou t profane the name of
thy God : I am the Lord.
22 " Thou fhalt not lie with man
kind as with womankind : it is abomi
nation. 23 x Neither fhalt thou lie with any
beaft to defile thyfelf therewith : neither
fhall any woman ftand before a beaft to
lie down thereto : it is * confufion.
24 ^ Defile not ye yourfelves in any
of thefe things : for in all thefe the
nations are defiled which I caft out be
fore you :
25 And the z land is defiled : therefore
I do a vifit. the iniquity thereof upoii it,
and the land itfelf b vomiteth out her
inhabitants. 26 Ye fhall c therefore keep my ftatutes
and my judgments, and fhall not commit
any of thefe abominations ; neither any of

Before Chrifl
1490.
k Ch. 20. 20.

I Ch. 20. 12. Deut.
27.23. Gen. 38.18.
Ezek. 22. 11.

m Ch. 20. 21. Mat.
14. 4. except as
Deut. 25. 5.

n Ch. 20. 14. Deut •
27. 23 ..Amos 2.7.

0 Or, one wife lo ats*
other, Gen. 4. i9r
23. & 30. 15.
1 Sam. 1. 6.

p Ch. 15. 19, 24. 8c
20. 18. Ezek. 22.
10. & 18. 6.

q Ch. 19. 20.' & 20.
10. Exod. 20. 14.
Deut. 22. 21. Heb.
II. 4. Jer. 5. 7, 8.
Num. 25.1. 2Sani.
12. 9, 10.
rCh.20. 2. Deut.i3.
10. 2 Kin. 23. 10.
Jer. 32. 35. & 7.
31. & 19. 5. Pf.
Ic6. 37, 38. Ezek.
n- 37> 39-
3 Amos 5. 26. Ails
7. 43- Jer- 8- 2.
iKin. 11. 33.
t Exod. 20. 7. ch. 22.
32. Rom. 2.24. &
1.23.
u Ch. 20. 13. Gen.
19. 5- I Kin. 14.
24. Rom. 1. 27.
1 Cor. 6. 9, 10.
I Tim. 1. 10.
Jude 7.
X Cb. 20. 15, 16.
Deut. 27. 21.
Exod. 22. 19.
* Or an horrible
crime.
y See ver. 3, 30. ch.
20.22,23. jer. 44.
"4. Rom. 12. 2.
Eph. 5. 7, u..

2 If. 24. 5. Rom. Si
22. Rev. 19. 2. ver.
27.
a. If. 26.11, 21. Jer.
5. 9, 29.
.b Ch. 20. 22. If. 24.
6. Jer. 9. 19. Ezek.
%C. 13. ver. 27, 28.
c Ver. 4, 5. ch. 20.
22. Deut. 4. I, 9»
40. & 6.1,2. & 8.
I. & 12. 32. 8c II.
3s. & J. 34, U>,

Before Chrift
1490.

t\py fuch abomina
tions the Canaan-

Gen. 15. 16. Rom,
I. 21—32.

Laws againft fiefhly lufts, idolatry, &C.
your own nation, nor any ftranger that
fojourneth among you :
27 (For all thefe abominations d have
mifur'edo)^r the men of the land done, which were
pghgves before you, and the land is defiled;)
28 That the land fpue not you out alfo
when ye defile it, as it fpued out the
nations that were before you.
29 For whofoever fhall commit any of
thefe abominations, even the fouls that
commit them fhall be e cut off from among
their people.
30 Therefore fhall ye keep mine f ordi
nance, \\hc\tye commit not any one of thefe
abominable cuftoms, which were com
mitted before you, and that ye defile not
%Xh?tlirdy yourfelves therein : Is am the Lord your
'God.

CHAP. XIX. Laws againft theft, oppreffwn, &c
a Ye fhall be holy ; for I the Lord your
God am holy.
3 Ye fhall b fear every man his mother

«Gen. 17. 14.feech.
17. 4, io, 14. &
zo.o. & 7.2.5,27.

fVer, 5,4. Num. 3,
7. ch. 20. 23.

hs my peculiar
people, 1 Pec. I.
15, 16. Sc 2. 5, 9.

C H A P. XIX.
Here we have, ( I ) Jewifh laws ; concerning their
peace-offerings, 5 — 8 ;, gleaning of fields and vine
yards, 9, 1 0 ; forbearance, and fiantlification of their
fruit-trees, 23 — 25 ; againft mixtures of cattle,
feeds, or cloth, 19 ; fiuperftitious eating with the
blood, trimming their heads, or marking their flefh ;
26 — 28. (2) Moral laws obligatory on all men in
their foundation, as from the authority of God, and
our relation to him ; in their fum, as comprehending
univerfal hoiinefs and love, 2, 1 8 ; and in many
particular branches : as, againft enchantment, divi
nation, and witchcraft, 26, 30 ; idolatry, 4 ; pro
fanation of God's name, 12; for fiantlification ofthe
fabbath, 3, -30 ; in correfpondence with the firft ta
ble : — 1 md for honouring parents and aged perfons,
3, 32 ; againft negletl of brotherly admonition, ha
tred, revenge, adultery, whoredom, 17, 18, 20 — 22,
29; unjuft judgment, theft, withholding of dues, op-
1 preffion of ftrangers, falfe weights, 11, 13, 15, 32,
34, 35, 36 ; lying, Jlander, contempt of natural in
firmities, tale -bearing, falfe -witneffing, 11, 14,
* 16 ; — in correfpondence with the fecond table.
ND the Lord fbake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto all the congregation of
the children of Ifrael, and fay unto them,

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — What a fink of fhocking
pollution is our world! Sinful and dangerous is conformity to the
men of it ; and yet is it little avoided, nay, often much ftudied,.
by many profeffors of the true religion ! With infinite wifdom has
God framed his rules of marriage for avoiding uncleannefs, and
for fpreading of love and friendfhip among mankind ; and yet fin
ners debafe trfemfelves, and violate the dictates of nature, in order
to fulfil their f lthy and furious lufts, arifing from the abominable
fource of a defperately wicked heart. What need to diftruft our-
felves, and abftain from every, even the fmalleft, appearance of
evil 3 for filthy lufts and abfurd idolatries ripen, not only individualsj

Before Chrift
I4r.o.

and his father, and c keep my fabbaths :
I am the Lord your God.
4 dTurn ye not unto idols, nor make
to yourfelves molten gods : I am the
Lord your God.
5 % And if ye offer a 'facrifice of peace-
offerings unto the Lord, ye fhall offer it
at your own will.
6 It f fhall be eaten the fame day ye f<

a Ch, 11. 44, 45. £¦:
20.7, 26. 1 Pci. 1..
15, 16. Mat. -,. 46.
2, Cor. 7. 1.
b Exod. 20.12. Pro-'.
1. 8. ver. 32. E i.»(i.
6. I.
cE'icd, 20. 8. Scjt.
13, 15. ch. 2> jz-
II. 58. 13. t'-^h. 2,
d Exod. 20. t,-.4i~ I-
52. 8, 31, ic 34.17.
Deut. 27. 15. Hab*.
2. iS. 1 John 5. 21.
e Ch. 3. 1. 5c 7, 16-

Ch. 7. 16—18.
2 Cor. 6. 2. Rom..
offer it, and on the morrow : and if ought iVcS. zC°f,%^
until the third day, it fhall be

g Gen. 17. 14. ch. 7;-
25, 27. & 17. 4, 9,
10, 14.

.7,8,

Ruth.
15, 16.

remainburnt in the fire.
7 And if it be eaten at all on the third'
day, it is abominable ; it fhall not be
accepted. 8 Therefore every one that eateth it
fhall bear his iniquity, becaufe he hath
profaned the hallowed thing ofthe Lord :
and that foul fhall be s cut off from
among his people.
9 And h when ye reap the harveft of 2]!' 19-"'-
your land thou fhalt not wholly reap the
corners of thy field, neither flialt thou
gather the gleanings of thy harveft.
10 And thou fhalt not i glean thy
vineyard, neither flialt thou gather every
grape of thy vineyard ; k thou flialt leave
them for the poor and ftranger: I am the
Lord your God.
11 Ye1 fhall not fteal, neither deal
falfely, neither lie one to another.
12 And ye fhall not m fwear by my
name falfely, neither fhalt thou profane
the name of thy God : I am the Lord.
13 " Thou fhalt not defraud thy neigh
bour, neither rob him: ° the wages of
him that is hired fhall not abide with
thee all night until the morning. A

i Deut. 24. 19— 22..

k Exod. 23. n, 25;
ch. 23.2.1. rf. ii2~
9. Piov. 22. y. 8c
19. 17. 8c 28. 27. ;
&3T.20.&I4.2Ifc 31. DC29. 7, 14.
Dent. 10. 18. & 26..
II — 14. Mat. 5.48..
1 Ch.6. 2. Exod. zo..
15, 17. & 22. 1,7,
10. Afls 5. 3. Eph.
4. 25, 28. Zech. 8.
16, 17.
m Exod. 20. 7. Deut.
5. II. Jer. 4. 2.
Zech. 5.4. Miit. 5.
34. Jam. 5. 12.
n Luke 3. 14. iThef.
4. 6. Ezek. 22. 29.
Jer. 22. 3, 13.
0 Jam.5. 4. Deut. 24..
u„T5. Jer. 22. 13.
Mal. 3. 5. Job 31..
33-

but nations, for ruin - and to obferve the judgments inflicted on-
others would tend to deter us from their fins. As God feldom
leaves men to the rage of their lufts till they forfake him and his
inftitutions, let me, confeious of my own inward, readinefs to com
mit the worft of crimes, and in the firm faith of God's infinite ex
cellency, high dignity and authority over me, of his new covenant
grant of himfelf, and delightful relation to me, as the Lord my-
God, cleave clofely to his commandments, as an effectual prefen-
ative from them. And, while I live folely on Jefus' perfect ful
filment of the law, in gratitude for his goodnefs,. let me always;
abound in the. work of the Lord*

Laws againft ftander , &c.

LEVITICUS.

Before Chrift
1490.
p Deut. 27, 18. Rom.
12. 14. & 14. 13.
1 Cor. 8. 9—13.
Rev. 2. 14.

q Ver. 35, 36. Deut.
25. 16. Pi. 81. 2.
.Exod. 23. 3. Deut.
1. 17. &16. 19. Sc
2.7. 19. 2 Chr. 19,
6, 7, 9. Prov. 24.
33. Jam. 2, 9.

r .Exod. 2,0. 16. &23-
1. Prov. n. 13. Sc
29. 1.;. Jer. 6- 28.
&9-4. Ezek. 22.9.
a Tim. 3. 3. iTim.
3. n. Pf. 15. 3. &
140. n.

e 1 John 2. 11. & 3,
J5. Mat. 22. 39.
t Mat. 18. 15—17.
Gal. 6- I. iTim. 5.
2.0. Eph, 5. 11.
Luke 17. 3.
II Or that thou bear
not fin for hhny
Rom. 1. 32. 1 Cor.
5. 2. Eph. 5. 11.
1 Tim. 5. 22.
2 John 10. 11.
u Rom. 12. 19. Prov.
20. 22. 2Sam. 13.
2j. Mat. 5. 43. &
22. 39. Rom. 13.9.
„Gal. 5. 14. Jain. 2.
S. ver. 34.
XDctlt.22.Q-— 11.&
12. 32. 2 Cor. 6. 14
— 17.021.^.9 — 11.
Mat. 9. 16, 17.

14 Thou p flialt not curfe the deaf,
nor put a ftumbling-block before the
blind, but fhalt fear thy God : I am the
Lord. 1 5 Ye q fhall do no unrighteoufnefs
in judgment: thou flialt not refpecl the
perfon of the poor, nor honour the per
fon of the mighty : but in righteoufnefs
fhalt thou judge thy neighbour.
1 6 r Thou fhalt not go up and down
as a tale-bearer among thy people; nei
ther flialt thou 'ftand againft the blood of
thy neighbour: I am the Lord.
1 7 s Thou fhalt not hate thy brother
in thine heart : c thou fhalt in any wife
rebuke thy neighbour, H and not fuffer
fin upon him.
1 8 Thou u flialt not avenge nor bear
any grudge againft the children of thy
people, but thou fhalt love thy neighbour
as thyfelf: I am the Lord.
19 Ye fhall keep my ftatutes. x Thou
fhalt not let thy cattle gender with a
diverfe kind. Thou fhalt not fow thy
neither fhall a
and woollen

field with mingled feed
garment mingled of linen
come upon thee.
20 And whofoever y lieth carnally
with a woman that is a bond-maid,
§ + betrothed to an hufband, and not at
all redeemed, nor freedom given her ;
§ * fhe fhall be fcourged ; they z fhall not
be put to death, becaufe fhe was not free.
21 And he fhall bring his a trefpafs-
offering unto the Lord, unto the door of
the tabernacle of the congregation, even
a ram for a trefpafs-offering.
b sM ch. 4.3s. 22 t> And the prieft fhall make an atone
ment for him with the ram ofthe trefpafs-
offering befoj-e the Lord for his fin which
he hfcth done : and the fin which he hath

r-Ch.i8. 22. Gen. 4.
j. & 38. 18.

$ Or abttfed by any.
i Heb. reproached by
at for man.
5 Or they.
* Heb. there fhall le
a fcourging.
a. Deut.22. 24. Exod.
21. 20. 21.
3 Ch. v. vh If. 53.10,
II. 2 Cor. 5. 21.

hmt
n*f

c Exod. 4. 25. -with
22. 29, 30. 8c 29.
30, 35, 37. ch. 22.
27. 0Z8.33. &12.2,

don* fhall be forgiven him.
23 And when ye fhall come into the
land, and fhall have planted all manner
of trees for food, then ye fhall count the
fruit thereof as uncircumcifed : c three
years fhall it be as uncircumcifed unto
you : it fhall not be eaten of.

Laws againft eating of blood, Sec
24 But in the fourth year all the fruit "1490"*
thereof fhall be d holy to praife the Lord d«eb. m™/,,,^
J JT fraijes to the
withal. ",ffe*
25 And in the fifth year-6 fhall ye eat *&£,&"*
of the fruit thereof, that it may yield r™™c"
unto you the increafe thereof: I am the e f'^tf'^-
Lord your God.
26 Ye f fhall not eat any thing with 'Jg^
the blood : neither fhall ye s ufe enchant- ^XVL
ment, nor obferve times.
h v° fhall not round the corners

27

Ye

g Deut. 18. 10, it.
Exod. 22. 18. ch.
20. 27. ver. 31.
jKin-l7->7-&2l. o. 1 Sam. 15. 23,
hCh.21.5. If. 15. 2.
Jer. 16.6. &4S.37. ¦
Ezek. 7. iS.&2i,
6, 7. 8c 44, 20.
Rom. 12. 2. Jer.
10.3.
i Deut. 14. 1, 2. jer.
16.6,7. & 48. 37.
& 41. 7. & 4,, 5.
I Kin. 18. 28.
I Thef. 4. ij.
Rom. 12. 2.

of your heads, neither fhalt thou mar the
corners of thy beard.
28 Ye fliall not i make any cuttings
in your flefh for the dead, nor print any
marks upon you : I am the Lord.
29 k Do not * proftitute thy daughter,
to caufe her to be a whore ; left the land fc ^-.fe,*?-
fall to whoredom, and the land become p;£,TK:
full of wickednefs. 10. £01.3.5- '*
¦20 Ye fhall l keep my fabbaths, and •«*•**-
m reverence my fanctuary : 1 am the
Lord. 21 n Regard not them that have
r r
miliar fpirits, neither feek after wizards,
to be defiled by them: I am the Lord
your God.
32 Thou flialt ° rife up before the
hoary head, and honour the face of the
old man, and fear thy God: I am the
Lord. 22 And p if a ftranger fojourn with
thee in your land ye fhall not II vex him.
34 But the ftranger that dwelleth with
you fliall be unto you 1 as one born among \ Exoa' ,1 19) 49,
you, and thou fhalt love him as thyfelf; Nu^tV&'is

•3-
m Gen. 28. 16, 17.
Eccl. 5. 1. John 1,
15. 16. Pf. 89. 7.
£1 _ n Ver. 26. ch. 20. 6,
27. Deut. 18. 11.
I Sam. 28. 3, 7.
Afls 16. 16. 2 Chr.
33.6. If. 8. 19.

o 1 Kin. 2.19. Pro?.
20. 29. & 31. 28.
Deut. 28.50. Lam,
5. 12.

p See Exod. 22. 21.
8c 23. 8, 9, 12. &
12. 48, 49. ch. 25.
35. Deut. 10. 19.
& 1. 16. & 24, 14.
Mat. 22. 39.
Or opprefs.

for ye r were ftrangers in the land of
Egypt : I am the Lord your God.
25 s Ye fhall do no unrighteoufnefs
in judgment, in mete-yard, in weight, or
in meafure.
36 Juft balances, juft + weights, a juft
ephah, and a juft hin, fhall ye have c: I
am the Lord your God, who brought
you out of the land of Egypt.
37 Therefore w fhall ye obferve all my
ftatutes, and all my judgments, and do
them : I am the Lord.

15, 16, 29. & 19.
IO.& 35.15. Deut.
31. II. Sc 29. 11.

r Gen. 15 13
23.9.

9.,y

Exod.
22.21.

5 Ver. 15. Exod. 23.
15. Dent 25. 13 —
15. Ezek. 22.7,1a,
13. Amos 8. 5, 6.
Mat. 7. 2. Proy.
II. 1. Sc 16.11. &
20. 10.
t Heb .ftones.
t Exod. 20. 2. &16.
6. &29.46.ch.2(i.
13. Deut. 5.6. &
13.5, 10. & 20. 1.
Judg. 2. 12.
u Ch. 18. 4, 5. Mat.
18. 18—20. 2Tim.
3. 16, 17. Dent. 4.
1,2. &6. 1,2. &
8. 1. & 12. 32. &
11. 32. & 5. 32,33.

^Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — In thefe peace-offerings let
jne behold Jefus, my peace-maker with God, and fpeedily receive

and live on him by faith. In thefe gleanings let me obferve what
care Gr»i trd:es of the poor : nor can 1 have any true religion

Laws of kindnefs and equity,

C H A

Before Chrift
1490-

ach. 17.10,13,15.

b Ch. 18. 21. Dent,
iX. 10. Sc xiii. &
17.2—7. 2Kin.i7.
17. & 23. 10. Jer.
32. 35.
•Molech was an idol
of the Ammonites-,
to whom children
were burnt in fa
crifice, or canted
to pafs through
the fire, in order
that the reft of the
family might pro-
fper.
eVer. 27. ch.24. 14,
16, 23. Num. 15.
35, 36. Deut. 13.
10. &17. 5. &zi.
zi. Sc 22. 2i, 24.
d Ch. 17. 10. & 18.
it. Pf. 34. 16. &
68. 1, 2.
e Rev. 2. 14, 20.
1 Sam. 3. 13, 14.
1 Kin. 20. 42.
f Ezek. 7. 8,9. Exod.
20. 5. Jer. 32.28—
36. Exod. 34. 14 —
16. ch. 17. 7.
g Judg. z, iz, 17, 19.
Jer. iii. Ezek xvi.
xx. xxiii. 2 Kin.
17. 7—23.

h Ver. 17. ch. 19. 26,
31. 1 Sam. 28. 3,7.
1 Chr. 10.13. If. 8.
19. Exod. 22. 18.
Deut. 18. iOj II.

iCh. IT.44.&19.2.
1 Pet. 1. 15, it5.
Mat. 5. 48. Heb.
12. 14. Phil. 2. 15,
16.

CHAP. XX.
Requires ( I ) that fuch as will not abftain from Jin
out of love to God, and regard to his authority, be
deterred by the fear of punifhment ; and fome leading
fins prohibited in the two preceding chapters are de
clared punijhable by death, viz. the giving of chil
dren to Molech, I — 5 ; confulting with witches, 6,
27; curfing of parents, 9; adultery, 10 ; inceft, rr,
12, 14, 17, 19, 20, 21 ; unnatural lufts, 13, 15)
1 6, 18. (2) Contains general requirements of uni
verfal hoiinefs ; enforced from what God was to
them, and had done or would do for them ; and from
the danger of difobedience ; 7, 8, 22 — 26.
AND the Lord fpake. unto Mofes,
faying,
2 % Again, thou fhalt fay to the chil
dren of Ifrael, Whofoever he be of a the
children of Ifrael, or of the ftrangers that
fojourn in Ifrael, that b giveth any of his
feed unto Molech *-, he fhall furely be put
to death : the people of the land fhall
ftone him with ftones.
2 And I c will fet. my face againft that
man, and will cut him off from among
his people ; becaufe he hath given of his
feed unto Molech, to defile my fanctuary,
and to profane my holy name.
4 And if d the. people of the land edo
any ways hide their eyes, from the man,
when he giveth of his feed unto Molech,
and kill him not ;
5 Then I will f fet my face againft that
man, and againft his family, and will
cut him off, and all that go a g whoring
after him, to commit whoredom with
Molech, from among their people. ,
6 % And the h foul that turneth after
fuch as have familiar fpirits, and after
wizards, to go a whoring after them, I
will even fet .my face againft that foul,
and will cut him off from among his
people. 7 ^[ ' Sancfify yourfelves therefore, and
be ye holy; for I am the Lord your God.

without a fimilar temper. Yea, let me think what gleanings of
promifes, and deeds of grace, for us poor ftrangers of the Gentiles,
are left in every corner of the Jewifh fcriptures. In thefe forborn
trees, let me learn to avoid all rafh defires of created enjoyments,
or even honouring the Lord with firft-fruits not arrived at their
perfection. Let me never attempt to alter God's frame of crea
tures ; never attempt to mix works and grace ; Jefus' righteouf
nefs and my own ; his Spirit and my natural abilities ; his truths
and my own fancies ; his ordinances and my own inventions. If

Before Chrill
1490.
k Deut. 12. 32. 8c 5.
32. tic 4. 2. ii: 1 1.
32.
ICh.21.8. Ezek. 20,
12. Exod. 19. 5, 6.
lThel. J.23. Ju.le
I. lCor. 1. 30.
in Exod.21.17. Deut.
27. 16. Prov. 20.
20. Mat. 15. 4.
n Jofh. 2.19. ]isi\'l. 9.
24. 2 Sam. 1. 16.
Mat. 27. 25. ver,
II — 13, 16, 27.
o Deut. 22. 21, 24.
John 8. 4,5. ch. 18.
2c. Job 31. 9 — j r.
Prov. 6. 26, 29, 32
—35. Jer. 29. 22,
2J-

pCh,i8.8.Deut. 27.
20. &22. 30. Gen.
35. 22. I Cor. 5. 1.
Amos 2. 7. Ezek.

P. XX.. punifhment s for idolatry, curfing, &c
8 And ye k fhall keep my ftatutes, and
do them : I am the Lord who ! fanclify
you. 9 <f[ m For every one that curfeth his
father or his mother fhall be furely put
to death : he hath curfed his father or his
mother ; his n blood fhall be upon him.
1 o % And ° the man that committeth
adultery with another man's wife, even
he that committeth adultery with his
neighbour's wife, the adulterer and the
adulterefs fhall furely be put to death.
1 1 % p And the man that lieth with
his father's wife hath uncovered his
22. 10.
father's nakednefs: both of them fhall
furely be put to death ; their blood fhall
be upon them.
1 2 And q if a man lie with his daugh- '^s^it?'^"
ter-in-law, both of them fhall furely be
put to death ; they have wrought * con-
fufion ; their blood fhall be upon them.
13 ^[ r If a man alfo lie with mankind
as he lieth with a woman, both of them
have committed an abomination : they
fliall furely be put to death ; their blood
fhall be upon them.
1 4 % And s if a man take a wife and
her mother, it is wickednefs : they fhall
be burnt with fire, both he and they ;
that there be no wickednefs among you.
1 5 ^[ t And if a man lie with a beaft,
he .fliall furely be put to death: and ye
fhalf fl'ay the beaft.
1 6 And if a woman approach unto any
beaft, and lie down thereto, thou fhalt
kill the woman and the beaft : they fhall
furely be put to death ; their blood fhall
be upon them.
1 7 <[[ u And if a man fliall take
fifter, his father's daughter, or his mo
ther's daughter, and fee her nakednefs,
and fhe fee his nakednefs, it is a wicked

*0r an horribU crime.

I-Ch. 18. 22. Rom. I.
27. Jude 7. Gen.
19.-5.Judg.19.2z,

3 Ch. 18. 17. Deut.
27. 23. E^ek. 22,

t Ch. 18. 23. Exod.
22.19. Deut.27.2u

h' u Ch. 18. 9. 2 Sam.
IS 13. 12. Ezek. 22.
11. Deut, 27. 22.

I enjoy the directions of God's word and Spirit, let me be afhamed
to copy after heathen fuperftition; but let me carefully obferve the
pofitive inftitutions of my God, and never neglect the weightier
matters of the law. If God has delivered his moral precepts fo
briefly, let me extend my meditations on them : and, in all my
obedience, let me be influenced by the firm faith that the lawgiver
is Jehovah, my God in Chrift. Whatfoever is not of this faith
is fin. Nor can my obedience be fincere without being univerfal
to all his commandments. 6

Punifiomentsforfodomy, inceft, beftiality, &c. LEVITICUS.

Laws ofperfeH hoiinefs.

Before Chrift
1490.

x Ch. 5. 1. ver. ig.
Ke charted with
and punifhed for
thei. fill.

thing ;

y Ch. 18. 19. & 15.
19, 24, 25. Ezclc.
22. 10.

and they fhall be cut off in the
fi°-htf of their people : he hath uncovered
his filler's nakednefs ; x he fhall bear his
iniquitv. 18 «r

woman

t Heb. made naked.

z See ch. 17. 4, 9, 10;
14. 8c 19. <j.

a Ch. 18. 12, 1
Exod. 6. 20.

off from among

b Ch. 18. 14.

c Ver. 21.
d Ch. 18. 15. Mat.
14- 4-
% Heb. a feparation.

y And if a man fhall lie with a
having her ficknefs, and fhall
uncover her nakednefs, he hath T difco-
vered her fountain, and fhe hath unco
vered the fountain of her blood : and both
of them fliall be z cut
their people.
19^" And a thou fhalt not uncover the
nakednefs of thy mother's fifter or of
thy father's fifter : for he uncovereth his
near kin : they fhall bear their iniquity.
20 And if b a man fhall lie with his
uncle's wife, he hath uncovered his uncle's
nakednefs : they fhall bear their fin ; they
fhall r die childlefs.
2 1 And d if a man fhall take his bro
ther's wife, it is * an unclean thing : he
hath uncovered his brother's nakednefs ;
they fhall be childlefs.
22 f Ye e fhall therefore keep all my
32. V'it^H.' ftatutes, and all my judgments,' and do
them ; that the land whither I bring you
' S:,t'DeuT:i,S to dwell therein f fpue you not out.
Zttti.^ 23 And ye fhall not walk in the man
ners of the nation, which I daft out
before you : for they committed all thefe
?Deut.9.s.ch.i8. things, and s therefore I abhorred them.
h Exod. 3. 8. & 13. 24 But I have faid unto you, h Ye fliall
*3-"'&5J4.«: inherit their land, and I will give it unto
you to poflefs it, aland that floweth with
milk and honey: I am the Lord your
! **£iLT.7%!% God, who have ' feparated you from other
14. 2. & 4. 20. - A "
people. 25 k Ye fhall therefore put difference
between clean beafts and unclean, and
between unclean fowls and clean : and ye
fhalhgiot make your fouls abominable by
beaft, or by fowl, or by any manner
of living thing that H creepeth on the

ground, which I have feparated from you
as unclean. 26 And * ye fhall be holy unto me:
for I the Lord am holy, and have fevered
you from other people, m that ye fhould
be mine.'
27 % n A man alfo or woman that
hath a familiar fpirit, or that is a wizard,
fhall furely be put to death : they fhall
ftone ° them with ftones : their blood
fhall be upon them.
CHAP. XXI.
Contains ( I ) Reftriclions of the priefts, and efpecially
of the high-prieft, with refpetl to their mourning and
their marriage ; i — 15. (2) A lift of the corporal
blemijhes which excluded Aaron's male defcendants
from the prieftly work, but not from the facred food.
ND the Lord faid unto Mofes,

Before Chrifl:
1490.

1 Ver. 7. ch. 19. 2.
. iPet. 1. 16. Tit. 2,
14. 8c 3. 8, 14.
m Ver. 24. Pf. 135,
4. Deut. J2. 9. &
7. 6. 8c 26. 18. &
14. z. Exod. 19. 4,
6. 1 Fet. 2. 9.
n Deut. 18. 10, it.
1 Sam. 28. 7, 8.
Exod. 22. iS, eh.
19. 26, 31.

0 See ver. 2.

A'

a Mal. 2. 1, 4. Co!. 4,
17. 1 Tim. i— Tit.

e Ch. 18. 4, 5, 26. &

19. 14, 16. Ezek.
44.25. Luke 9. 51)
—62. 2 Tim. 4.2.
ITim. 4. 15,16.

a Speak unto the priefts the fons of
Aaron, and fay unto them, b There fhall bch.I0.
none be defiled for the dead among his
people :
2 But for his kin, that is near unto
him, that is, for his mother, and for his
father, and for his fon, and for his daugh
ter, and for his brother,
3 And for his fifter a virgin, that is
nigh unto him, which hath had no huf
band ; for her may he be defiled.
4 But he fhall not defile himfelf,
c being a chief man among his people, to
profane himfelf.

5 u They fhall not make baldnefs upon

Num. 23.9.
- . 9. Tit. -

[Pet. 14.

k Ch. 11. 2—43.
Deut. 14. 3— 2T.
Eph. 5.7, 11. Jam
4. 4. Ruin. 12. 2.

1! Or moveth.

c Or being an hut*
band among his pes.
pie, he fkalt net de
file himfelf tot his
wife, &c. Ezek.
24. 16, 17.
their head, neither fhall they fhave off dm^'iVe**.
. ' , . , . •> , 44. 20. 1 Thef. 4.
the corner of their beard, nor4 make any >j- &¦»»•«¦• *•
cuttings in their flefh.
6 ^TThev fhall e be holy unto their God, e v.t.&Ys*?™
-1 r 1 r 1 ¦ /-. 1 8. 21. I Pet. 2. 1,
and not profane the name of their God : y-/^',-;-
for the offerings of the Lord made by jXs\"&t
fire, andthe bread of their God, they do
offer : therefore they fhall be holy.
7 f They f fhall not take a wife that ^ft^
is a whore, or profane ; neither fhall they

. iTim. 3. 11.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — At what a terrible expenfe
do Satan's votaries readily ferve him ! — and fhall I count any thing
too dear for the Lord ! Miferable, is the ftate of a nation when the
vileft idolatief, inhumanities, and abominations, break out; and
efpecially when they pafs unpunifhed : but corrupt nature is prone to
-evil; the commands of God are therefore . enforced with the moft
awful penalties, and threatenings of death; and filthy pleafures in
fallibly iffue in fearful punifnments : nor are any more expofed to

the fevere indignation of God than thofe profeffors who wilfully
imitate the profane world. But honourable, pleafant, and profita
ble, is a courfe • of univerfal hoiinefs; efpecially amidft a multitude
of temptations and examples to the contrary : and delightful is
the ftudy of it when God as our own God fanc~tifies us wholly,
foul, body, and fpirit ; and thus forms us for himfelf, that we may
dwell alone and fhew forth his praife.

Laws of priefts'' mourning and marriage. C II A P.

Before Chrift
*490'
gVer.6- ch.20.7,8.
John 10. 36- & 17-
17, 19. Heb. 7. 26.
I Pet. I. 15, 16.
Mat. 5. 16, 48.
iThei. 2. 10.
ft Ver. 6. ch. i— vi.
. viii— x. Num. xv.
xxviii. xxix. fee
ch. 22. 25.
11C. 33.14. Mat. II.
2c— 24. Sc 8. 12.
Rom. 2. 24. 2 Sam.
12. 14.

kExod.29.7- Sc jo,
22 — 31. ch. 8. 12.
& io, 6. & 16. V»

i I^mn". 19. 14. Luke
9. 59, 60. Sc 14, 26t
iMat. 10, 37.

m Ch. 10.6, 7. Exod.-
28. 36. Luke 9. 60.
John 4.24. & 3.34.
If. 61. 1.

nEzek. 44. 22. Rev.
14.4. 2 Cor. 11, 2.

« Reader them unfit
for priefthood* by
his own or iheir
unlawful rr,a -
riagt. Ezra 9. 2.
& 10. 3, 18. Neh.
J3. 28, 29. "

p Ch. 22. 18—25. -
Heb. 7. 26. iThef.
2. 10. 1 Tim. 3.2.
. q Or food, i. e. facri-
fises. ver. 6, 8, 21.

take a woman put away from her huf
band : for he is holy unto his God.-
8 Thou fhalt s fan&ify him therefore,
for he h offereth the bread of thy God : he
fhall be holy unto thee :, for I the Lord
who fandtify you am holy,
9 % And ' the daughter of any prieft,
if fhe profane herfelf by playing the
whore, fhe profaneth her father : fhe
fhall be burnt with fire.
10 % And he that is the high-prieft
among his brethren, k upon whofe head
the anointing oil was poured, and that is
confecrated to put on the garments, fhall
not uncover his head, nor rend his clothes ;
1 1 1 Neither fhall he go in to any dead
body, nor defile himfelf for his father, or
for his mother.
1 2 Neither m fhall he go out of the
fandtuary, nor profane the fanctuary of
his God ; for the crown of the anointing
oil of his God is upon him : I am the Lord.
13 5F And he fhall' take a " wife in her
virginity. 14 A widow, or a .divorced woman,
pr profane, or an harlot, thefe fhall he
not take ; but he fhall take a virgin of his
own people to wife.
1 5 Neither fhall he ° profane his feed
among his people: for I the Lord do
fanftify him.
1.6 *f[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 7 Speak unto Aaron, faying, Who
soever he be of thy feed in their genera
tions that p hath any blemifh, let him not
approach to offer the 1 bread of his God :
1 8 For whatfoever man he be that hath

Before Ch'-'ift
145°-
Ch. 22. 22, 23. If.
56. TO. Gal. 2. 14.
I Kin. 18. 18, 21.
Mat. 16. 25 lTtrn.
3. 3—6. 2l im. 2.
22. 2pLt. 2. 12.
¦tfilh Heb. 7. 26.
I Pet. ?.. 22.
I Thef. 2. 12-
iTim. 4. 7, 12.
|| Or tttjtatdor.

XXL XXII. Difqualifying blemi/hes of prieft
a blemifh, he fliall not approach : a r blind
man, or a lame, or he that hath a flat
nofe, or any thing fuperfluous,
19 Or a man that is broken- footed, or
broken-handed, 20 Or crook-backed, or H a dwarf, or
that hath a blemifh inhis eye, or be fcurvy,
or fcabbed, or hath his ftones broken ;
2 1 No man that hath a blemifh of the
feed of Aaron the prieft fhall come nigh
to offer the offerings of the Lord made
by fire : he hath a blemifh ; he fhall not
come nigh to offer the s bread of his God.
22 He fhall eat the bread of his God,
both * of the moft holy and of the holy.
23 "Only he fhall not go in unto the
vail, nor come nigh unto the ' altar, be- * Exod. 40.5, <s.
caufe he hath a blemifh ; that he profane
not my fancluaries : for I the Lord do
r fancfify them.
24 And Mofes told // * unto Aaron, and
to his fons, and unto all the children of
Ifrael. CHAP. XXII.
For the honour of his fantluary, God here further pre
fcribes ( 1 ) That no priefts fhould eat their fhare of
the facred offerings while under any ceremonial uh-
cleannefs; I — 9. (2) That none but priefts flnould
ever eat thereof; and, if any did it unwittingly, he
flnould make reftitution; IO — 16. (3) That no
animals but fuch ps were unblemijhed, and thefie at
leaft eight days old, fhould be offered in facrifice ; and
that the dam and her young fhould never be offered on
the fame day ; 1 7 — 28. tf 4) That thc late command of
eating the ft: fin of thank-offerings on the day it was
offered fhculd be punctually obferved ; 29—33.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto Aaron and to his fons,
that they a feparate themfelves from the *<£>?.

Offcrinji. ver. 6, 5.
17. cif. 22. 25.
Ch.6.26— 30. &7-
6—10, 34.
1 E2lefc. 44. II — 14.
Heb. 9. 6.

Set them apart for
my worfhip and
fervice, ver. 8.
Mal. 2. 1—7. Col.
4. 17. Ezek. 3. 17.
Mat. z,S. 20.

jr. ver. 3.
ch. Set. 21.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — In thefe ceremonial figures
I behold Jefus, my prieft for ever, untainted with felfifh affections,
or immoderate paffions— I behold him holy, harmlefs, and unde
fined — perfect as his Father who is in heaven is perfe<5r.; perfonallv
united with an unfpotted manhood ; gracioufly united to virgin-
churches; and fpiritually married to wafhed and fanfbified fouls;
nor ever decoyed from attending his work, no not by the moft
powerful temptations. Let me learn likewife what noted examples
gofpel-minifters ought to be of hoiinefs and purity ; what clofe and
earneft attention they ought to give to their work; with what pa
tience and refignation they ought to bear the lofs of worldly com
forts ; how circumfpect they ought to be with refpect to their
marriage and family;, and how, as fervants, they ought to labour
to be perfect and unb'emifhed, even as their Mafter. Yea, if I
name the name of Chrift, whatever be my place in his church, let
Vol. I.

me depart from iniquity, and follow after hoiinefs in all manner of
converfation. While God is my portion, as well as my mafter,
on no account mould I defert or negleft his worfhip : and, while
my God liveth, never fhould I' forrow for deceafed relations, or
withdrawn comforts, as thofe whohave no hope. Since I am a
child of Jefus, let me never by whorifh pollutions or apoftafy
difcredit him, or endanger myfelf. Since I am betrothed to him,
let me never wittingly lay his enemy, an heir of hell, in my bofom.
And, fince God hath promifed to fupply all my v/ants, let me caft
my cares on him, and firmly truft that he will perfect his work
which concerneth me, rendering me perfect, even as my Father
which is in heaven is perfect. And let me blefs the Lord that,
though my infirmities mould difqualify me for office in the church,
they do not debar me from partaking of Jefus, my facred provifion,
in the courts and ordinances of his grace.
Bb

When , and who, might eat the facred food. LEVITICUS. What, and when, animals might be offered;

Before Clvrift
1490.

b Exod. 13. 2. Deut.
15. 19. ch. i — vi.

c Ch. 7. 20, 21.

-I Die,or be excluded
from ferviag in
the fanctuary.
Gen. 4. 16. Pf. 96.
6, 8. & 26. 8.
c Num. 18. 11, 19.
ch. 13.2. 8c 15.2,
1C1. Num. 19. 11,
14-
f Heb, running of the
reins.

Ch.n. 24,31. & 13
45. & 15. 5, &c.

gCh 11.24,25- &
15 5.&16.24126,
'28. Num.19, 7, 21.
lCor. 6. ii. Rev.
». 5, 6. Pf. 26. 6.

holy things of the children of Ifrael,
and that they profane not my holy name
in thofe things which they b hallow unto
me : I am the Lord.
3 Say unto them, c Whofoever he be
of all your feed, among your, generations,
that goeth unto the holy things which
the children of Ifrael hallow unto the
Lord, having his uncleannefs upon him,
that foul fhall be d cut off from my pre
fence : I am the Lord.
4 e What man foever of the feed of
Aaron is a leper, or hath a + running iflue,
he fhall not eat of the holy things until
he be clean. And whofo toucheth any
thing that is unclean by the dead, or a
man whofe feed goeth from him ;
5 Or f whofoever toucheth any creep
ing thing, whereby he may be made un
clean, or a man of whom he may take
uncleannefs, whatfoever uncleannefs he
hath; 6 The g foul which hath touched any
fuch fhall be unclean until even, and
fhall not eat of the holy things, unlefs
he wafh his flefh with water.
And when the fun is down he fhall

Before Chrifl
1490.

qCh. 4.2, 13,22,27.
& 5. 15, 17. Num.
15. 24. Deut. 19.'
4. Heb. 9. 7. & 5,
2. I Tim. 1. 13,
rCh. 5.16. &6. 4,5.
& 27. 13, 15, 19,
27. Mat. 22. 21.
s Ver. 3, 10.

* Or load themfehu
with the iniquity of
trcipafs in their eat*
ing.

and fervice, ver.9,
ch. 26.8. &21. 8,
23. Exod. xxviii. '
xxix. ch. viii.
Exod. 19. 5,6.

u Ch. 17. 10,13, 15.
& 7. 16. & i. un

h Num. 18. g— 19..
ch. 7. 6, 9, 14.
Deut. 18. 3, 4.

7

be clean, and fhall afterward eat of h the
holy things, becaufe it is his food.
8 i That which dieth of itfelf, or is
Ezek.^i".'** torn with beafts, he fhall not eat to defile
himfelf therewith : I am the Lord.
9 They fhall therefore keep mine ordi
nance, left they k bear fin for it, and die
therefore, if they profane it : I the Lord
do fandtify them.
1 o ^f There fhall no ' ftranger eat of
the holy thing : a fojourner of the prieft,
or an hired fervant, fhall not eat of the
holy thing.
1 1 But if the prieft m buy any foul
I! with his money, he fhall eat of it, and
he that is born in his houfe : they fhall
eat of his meat.
12 If the prieft's daughter alfo n be
married unto ° a ftranger, flie may not eat
of an offering of the holy things.
13 But if p the prieft's daughter be a
widow, or divorced, or have no child,
and is returned unto her father's houfe, as

a Exod. 22. 31. ch.
37. 15. & 11. 40,

34. Luke, 21. 34,
Tit. 2. 11, 12.
z Tim. z. 22.

k Ch. 19. 17. & 20
17, 19. & 10. 1, z.
Exod- 28. 43.

1 One not a prieft.
Exod. 29. 33.
Num. I. 51. 8c 3.
10. Sc 18. 4, 7.
ver. 12, 13. I Sam.
21. 6. Mat, 12.4.

mGen. 17.13. Exod.
12. *4. Num. 18.
11. Eph. 2. 12,13.
Rev. 5. 9.
U Heb. with the pur-
chafe of bis money.

n Gal. 3. so. Prov.
13. 20. 2 Cor. 6.
14-18.
» Heb. a man a ftran
ger. ver. 10.
p Ch. IO. 14. Jer. 3.
1,4,1.;, 22. Hof. 2.
0,7, &3.5. &14.
J.

in her youth, fhe fhall eat of her father's
meat ; but there fliall no ftranger eat
thereof. 1 4 f And if a man eat ofthe holy thing
1 unwittingly, then he fhall r put the fifth
part thereof unto it, and fhall give // unto
the prieft with the holy thing.
1 5 And they fhall not s profane the
holy things of the children of Ifrael which
they offer unto the Lord ;
1 6 Or * fuffer them to bear the ini
quity of trefpafs when they eat their holy
things : for I the Lort> ' do fanftify • j££SSB?
them. 17^" And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 8 Speak unto Aaron and to his fons,
and unto all the children of Ifrael, and
fay unto them, u Whofoever he be of the
houfe of Ifrael, or of the ftrangei's in
Ifrael, that will offer his oblation for all
his vows, and for all his free-will-offer
ings, which they will offer unto the
Lord for a burnt-offering ;
1 9 Ye fhall offer x at your own will a
male without blemifh of the beeves, of
the fheep, or of the goats.
20 y But whatfoever hath a blemifh, ^XI5,";.^:
that fhall ye not offer; for it fhall not be 2,.r'.7^ci"
acceptable for you.
. 21 And whofoever offereth a * facrifice ¦g'&Mk
of peace-offerings unto the Lord, to
accomplifh his vow, or a free-will-offer
ing in beeves or * fheep, it fhall be perfect
to be accepted ; there fhall be no blemifh
therein. 22 b Blind, or broken, or maimed, or
having a wen, or fcurvy, or fcabbed ; ye
fhall not offer thefe unto the Lord, nor
make an offering by fire of them upon
the altar unto the Lord.
23 Either a bullock or a H lamb that
hath any thing fuperfluous or lacking in
his parts, that mayeft , thou offer for a
c free-will-offering; but for avow it fhall
not be accepted.
24 Ye fhall not offer unto the Lord
that which is bruited, or crufhed, or
broken, or cut ; neither fliall ye make
any offering thereof in your land.

x Ch. 1. 2, 3, io.
Exod. 12.5. &2g.
1. Ezek. 46. 4.
Mal. 1. 14. Heb. 0.
14. 1 Pet. 1. 19. a
2. 22. Heb. 7. 26.
2 Cor. 5. 21.

a Or goats, fee ver.
19.

b Ch. 2t. 18-11.
Chrift and his ob
lation had no bljfi-
mi(h or imperfec
tion, and thofe of
his people ought
to have none.

I Or kid.

cCh. 7. 16. Theim-
perfeO fervices of
gratitude are ac*
cepted through
Chrift.

What animals unfit for facrifice : when eaten. CHAP. XXIII. Latvsoffefiivals; fabbath; paffover, &c
efore C!
1490

Before Chrift
'49°*
4 Exod. 12. 43. ch.
19. 34. Ezra 6. 8—
10. ch. 21. 6.
e Sacrifices where-
. with he is pleafed.
til. 2,1.6,8,17, 21.

fXxod.n. ;o.&23.
19. Sc 34. 26.
Deut. 14. 21. ch.
ig. 23, 24. Exod.
*9* 3°» 3S-> VI- ch.
8. 33, 35- & 9*1:
& 14.8— 10. Num.
ig. II, 12,. 19,

$' Qr fie-geat.
jj Deut. 21. 6.

h Ch. 7. 14,

SCh.7. 15— 18. with
Exod. 12. 10. &
16. iq, 20. & 23.
18. & 29.34. Num.
9. 12. Deux. 16. 4,
-kCn. 18.4,5,26,30.
Deut. 12. 32. &4.
1, 2. &6. 1, 2. Sc
8. 1.

1 Ch. 28. 21. Sc 10.
3. Exod. 20. 7. If,
5. 16. Mat. 6. 9.

ai Ch. 11. 44, 45. &
20.8. Sc 21. 8, 15.
, .Exod. 19. 5, 6.
'I Cor. 6. II. Tit.
-2. 14. 1 Pet. 2. 9.
11 Exod. 12. 51. with
19. 5,6, &6.7- ch.
Xi. 45. & 26. 45.

25 Neither from a d ftranger' s hand fhall
ye offer the e bread of your God of any
of thefe ; becaufe their corruption is in
them, and blemifhes be in them : they
fhall not be accepted for you.
26 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 27 When a bullock, or a fheep, or a
goat, is brought forth, then it fhall be
f feven days under the dam; and from.
the eighth day and thenceforth it fhall
be accepted for an offering made by fire
unto the Lord.
28 And. whet her it be cow or § ewe, ye
fhall not kill it s and her young both in
one day,
29 % And when ye will offer u- a facri
fice of thankfgiving unto the Lord, offer
it at your own will.
30 On the fame day it fhall be eaten,
up ; ye fhall leave ' none of it until the
morrow : I am the Lord.
31 Therefore fhall ye k keep my com
mandments, and do them : I am the
Lord. 32 Neither fhall ye l profane my holy
name; but I will be hallowed among the
children of Ifrael: m I am the Lord who
hallow you,
22 n That brought you out of the
land of Egypt, to be your God : I am
the Lord.

CHAP.

XXIII.

^Contains (1) An account of the Jewifh feftivals, and
part of the ordinances thereof; 1, 2. (1) The
weekly fabbath 53. (2) The paffover, feaft of
unleavened bread, and oblation of the firft-fruits of
barley; 4 — 14. (3) Pentecoft, or feaft of weeks,
fifty days after the paffover; 15' — 21. (4) The
feaft of trumpets on the firft day of the feventh fa
cred month, and firft civil one; 23 — 25. (5) The
fail of univerfal atonement on the tenth ; 26 — 32.
(6) The feaft of tabernacles on the fifteenth, and
feven following days-, 33 — 44. (2) A repetition

of the law relative to gleanings, with fome addi- *ef°'^iB:
tion ; 22. '

A

ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, Concerning the feafts
of the Lord, which ye fhall a proclaim
to be holy convocations, even thefe are
my feaft s.^
2 %h Six days fhall work be done ; but
the feventh day is the fabbath of reft, an
holy convocation ; ye fhall do no work
therein: it is the fabbath ofthe Lord In
all your dwellings.
4 ^f Thefe are the feafts of the Lord,
even c holy convocations, which ye fhall
proclaim in their feafons.
5 d In the fourteenth day of the firft
month at even is the Lord's paffover.
6 And e on the fifteenth day of the
fame month is the feaft of unleavened
bread unto the Lord : feven days ye
muft eat unleavened bread.
7 In the f firft day ye fhall have an
holy convocation ; ye fhall do no s fervile
work therein :
8 But ye fhall offer h an offering made
by fire unto the Lord feven days : in the
feventh day is an holy convocation ; ye
fhall do no fervile work therein.
9 % And the Lord fpake unto
Mofes, faying,
10 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, When ye be come
into the land which I give unto you, and
fhall ; reap the harveft thereof,' then ye
fliall bring a * + fheaf of the firft-fruits
of your harveft unto the prieft :
1 1 And he fhall k wave the fheaf before
the Lord, to be accepted for you ; on the
morrow after the fabbath the prieft fliall
wave it.

a-Niim, ro. S— la. 8s
ix. xxviii. xxix.
Exod. 21. 15—17-
& 34. 13, 22, 23,
xii. xiii. Dellt.ilr,
1—16.
b Exod. 20. 9. 8c 16.
23.&23.12.&31-. 13—17. & 34. 21.
Deut. 5.13. ch.19.
3. If. 56. £,4, 6. 8c
58.13. Afls 15. 21.
Luke 13. 14. fee
Gen. 2. 1. 2,

c Sacred meetings
for the worfhip of
God. ver. 2, 3, 7,
8, 21, 24, 27, 35,
36. Exod. 12. 16.
Num. 28. 18, 25,
26. 8c 29. 1, 7, 12.
d Exod. 12. 2 — 12. &
13. 3,4. & 23.15.
8c 34. 18. Num. 9.
2. &28. 16. Deui,
16. I. Jolh. 5. 10.
2 Chr. xxx. xxxv.
Mat. 26. 2. I Cor.
5. 7, 8-
e Exod. 12. 15 — 20.
8c tt. 6, 7. Num.
28. 17. Deut. 16.
3-8.
fExod. 12.16. Detir.
16. 8. Heb. 4. 9—.
II.
g i. e. plov/ing, fow-
ing, and theiile,
ver, 8,25, 35, 36.
hCh. 1.9. Num.28.
19 — 25. Deut. 16.
8. 2 Chr. 30. 21-^-
23. Sc 35. 17. '

i Exod. 23.16. &34,
22. Deut. 16. y.
Jolh. 3. 15. Num.
28. 26. ch. 2. 12—
16. Ezek. 44. 30.
Prov. 3. g, 10.
I Cor. 15. 20. 23.
Rom. n. 26. t-c
15. 16.
* Or handful.
f Heb. omer.
k Exod. 29. 24. dl.
q. 21. lie 10. 14.I1.
49. 3. Eph. 3. 19.

Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — Beholding, in thefe
figures, the perfect and permanent purity of my Redeemer's per
fon and nature ; the perfevering exaftnefs of his obedience ; the
abfolute perfection of his facrifce of himfelf, and its unfailing vir
tue, for preventing the deftruction of his fpiritual feed; we may
obferve that it is altogether neceffary to exclude' wicked perfons,
and even fcandalous faints, from the more facred provifion of the
church, the feals of God's covenant ; that every perfon or work,
dedicated to lie fervice of God, ihould be devoted to him in ho-'

linefs ; and the greateft care be ufed in meddling with holy things;
for curfed is the deceiver that offereth unto the Lord things cor
rupt or unripe. But efpecially muft we remember that all delay
of the cordial reception and improvement of Jefus Chrift, and his
fulnefs, offered for our comfort in the gofpel, is infinitely finful
.and dangerous; for thus only can we fecure accefs to God; and
nothing can powerfully influence us to obedience but a firm faith
and deep fenfe of his redeeming love.
Bb 2

Laws offefiivals: of unleavened bread; LEVITICUS.

pentecoft; trumpets; expiatiom

Before Chrift
1490.
1 Num. 28. ic; — 24.
ch. i. Keb. 10. iq,
12, 14.

mNum. 15 4, 5. ch.
ii. John". 19, 10.
1 Cor. 1. 30. lioivi.
5. 8— II.

nCh, 25.23. & 2. 14.
8c 19. 23—25.
Exod. 13.2, 12. 8c
23. 19. & 34. 19,
2b. Joftl. 5. II.
Ruth2. 14. I Cor.
3. 21, 22. Prov. 3.
fjo IO. Mat. 6. 33.
o Gen. 17. 7. Exod.
12. 17-

p Deut. 16. 9, 10. Sc
26. 2 — 11. ch. 25.
S. Exod. 23. 16. &
34. 22. Num. 23.
26. 31.
q Weeks, Luke 18.
12. Acts 20. 7.
I Cor. 16. 2.

iAc>3 2. 1. 1 Cor .16.
8. Num. 48. 26.

s Ver. 10, II, 13.

tCh,7. 13. Mat. 13,
33. 2Thef. 3. I.
Acts 2. 37—47-
u Exod. 23.16,19. 8c
22. 29. & 34. 26.
Num. 15. 19—21.
&28. 26 — 31.
Deut.26. 1 — II. &
16. 9, 10.
xVer. 12, 13. Num.
28. 26 — 30. ch. i.
p.. Num. xy.

7 Ch. 4. 23— 28. &
16.15. & 3. i — 16.
Num. xxviii.
xxix.

zVer. IT. Exod. 29.
14. Eph. 3. -¦
I Cor. 10. 3
49. 3, Luke

. If.

a Moft holy, Num.
t8. 8—]». Deut.
18.4.

b Num. 10. 8—10.
Deut. 16. 11.
Exod 19. 1, 11,16.
Acts ii. If. II- 10.
Rom. 8. 2. Eph. J.
3, 6, 7.

1 2 And ye fhall ' offer that day, when
ye wave the fheaf, an he-lamb without
blemifh of the firft year for a burnt-
offering unto the Lord.
13 And the meat-offering thereof fhall
be m two tenth-deals of fine flour mingled
with oil, an offering made by fire unto
the LoRDyora fweet favour: and the
drink-offering thereof fhall be of wine,
the fourth part of an hin.
14 And nye fhall eat neither bread,
nor parched corn, nor green ears, until
the felf-fame day that ye have brought
an offering unto your God: it fhall be a
ftatute ° for ever throughout your genera
tions in all your dwellings.
15 5T And p*ye fhall count unto you
from the morrow after the fabbath, from
the day that ye brought the fheaf of the
wave-offering ; feven q fabbaths fhall be
complete :
16 Even unto the morrow after the
feventh fabbath fhall ye number r fifty
days ; and ye fhall offer a new meat-offer
ing unto the Lord.
1 7 Ye fhall bring out of your habita
tions s two waVe-loaves of two tenth-
deals : they fhall be of fine flour ; they
fhall be 'baken with leaven; .they are
u the firft-fruits unto the Lord.
1 8 And ye fhall x offer with the bread
feven lambs without blemifh of the firft
year, and one young bullock, and two
rams : they fhall be for a burnt-offering
unto the Lord, with their meat-offering,
and their drink-offerings, even an offering
made by fire of a fweet favour unto the
Lord. 1 9 Then ye fhall y facrifice one kid of
the goats for a fin-offering, and two lambs
of the firft year for a facrifice of peace-
offerings. 20 And the prieft z fhall wave them
with the bread of the firft-fruits for a
wave -offering before the Lord, with the
two lambs : they fhall be a holy to the
Lord for the priefts ¦.
21 And ye- fhall b proclaim on the felf-
fame day, that it may be an holy convo
cation unto you : ye fhall do no fervile

Exod. 12. 17, cc
20-9-&JI-M. &
27. 21. 8c 28. 43,
&3o.!li.ch.6.i8.
& 10. 9. & 17. 7.
& 24. 3. Num. 18,
23.

-14- Ruth, 2,
2,7)8.

e Num. 29. 1-^, &
10.10. Ezra 3.' 6.
Pf. 81.1^3, iChr.
iS."*8.-2Thef. 3.
I. I Thef. 4. 16.
f Num. 10. 10. Cen.
9. 14—16.

work therein : « It fhall be a ftatute for Bef^rift
ever in all your dwellings throughout cver.i4.Gen.j7f7;
your generations.
22 ^[ And d when ye reap the harveft
of your land, thou fhalt not make clean
riddance of the corners of thy field when d ^^"'K;
thou reapeft, neither fhalt thou gather any
gleaning of thy harveft : thou fhalt leave
them unto the poor, and to the ftranger:
I am the Lord your God.
23 '51" And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,^ 24 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
faying, e In the feventh month, in the firft
day of the, month, fhall ye have a fabbath,
a f memorial of blowing of trumpets, an
holy convocation.
25 Ye fhall do no s fervile work therein ; g Jl-cli.8;'.? 'Lute
but ye fliall offer an offering made by fire ^.ukfJifit
unto the Lord. —«.**.
26 5F Andthe Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 27 Alfo on the tenth decy of
feventh month there fhall be a day Of
atonement ; it fhall be an holy convoca
tion unto you; and ye fhall afflidr. your
fouls, and offer an offering made by fire
unto the Lord.
28 And. ye fhall ; do no work in that
fame day : for it is a day of atonement,
to make an atonement for you before the
Lord your God.
29 For k whatfoever foul it be that fhall
not -be afflicfed in that fame day, he fhall
be cut off from among his people.
30 And l whatfoever foul it be that 1!%\%£g&
doth any work in that fame day, the kiUl4''s'
m fame foul will I deftroy from amono- mG*"-'™-d>.».
is people.
31 Ye fhall do no manner of work: it
fhall be a ftatute for ever throughout your
generations in all your dwellings.
32 It fhall be unto you n a°fabbath of "Stf'^Ma
reft, and ye fhall afflicT: your fouls in the
ninth day of the month at even : from
even unto even fliall ye + celebrate your
fabbath.

h this i> ». 16. 1-34.
lino Num. 29. 7— 11.
Dan. 9. 24. If. liii,
Heb, 9. 12, 14.
Zech. 12. .10^ Afls
2. 36, 37.' Ezek.
16. 62, 63.

i Ch. 16. 29—34.
Dan. 9.-24. Eph. f«
7. Col. 1. lirFhil.
3- 9 — II. Mat. n.
28, 30.

k Afls 2ct. 21. Zech.
12. 10. Luke 13. 3,
5. John 3. 36. Rom.
6.6. Gal. 5. 24.

Mat, 11. 28-— 30.

tHeb. ,

22 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,

fayin

g»

34 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,

Laws for the feaft of tabernacles,

CHAP. XXIII. XXIV-

and dwelling in booths.

Before Chrift
I49°-
oVer. 39—45- Num.
29. I2<— ?S. Deui.
16. 13,14 &3.10.
Exod. 34. 22. tfc
21. 16. 1 Kin. 8. 1,
62^-66. Neh.iS. 14.
J-.hn7.2- -&¦!. 14.
Zech. 14. 16—21.
p Sec ver. 4.
«j Num. 29. 12 — 38.
Heb. 2. 10. &5-7,
3. Luke 1. 75.
rjohn7.37.irj5.10.

1 Heb, day of re-
.ftrainti 2 Chr. 7. 9.

t Exod. 20. 8. Deut.
12.6. 8c 16. 10,16,
17. 2 Chr. 35.7,8,
ch. i — iii.

tt'Exod. 23.16. &34
22. ver. 34—36.

faying, ° The fifteenth day of this feventh
month fhall be the feaft of tabernaclesyor
(even days unto the Lord.
35 On the firft day fhall be p an holy
convocation : ye fhall do no fervile work
therein. 36 q Seven days ye fhall offer an offers
ing made by fire unto the Lord : r on the
eighth day fhall be an holy convocation
unto you ; and ye fhall offer an offering
made by fire unto the Lord : it is a
s folemn aflembly ; and ye fhall do no
fervile work therein.
2 J Thefe are the feafts of the Lord,
which ye fhall proclaim to be holy convo
cations, to offer an offering made by fire
unto the Lord, a burnt-offering, and a
meat-offering, a facrifice, and drink-offer
ings ; every thing upon his day :
38 -Befide the c fabbaths of the Lord,
and befide your gifts, and befide all your
vows, and befide all your free-will-offer
ings, which ye give unto the Lord.
2<) Alfo in the fifteenth day of the
feventh month, when ye have u gathered
inthe fruit of the land, ye fhall keep a
feaft unto the Lord feven days: on the
firft day fhall be a fabbath, and on the
eighth day fhall be a fabbath.
-40 And ye fhall take you on the firft

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — While I confider thefe
facred feftivals as memorials — of the finifhed work of creation— of
Ifrael's deliverance from Egypt — of the giving of the law at Si
nai — of the provocation of the golden calf, and reconcilement re
lative to it — and of the Hebrews dwelling in tents — let me alfo
difcern them as typical figures of the gofpel refts in the apoftolic,
millennial, and eternal, periods. Jefus' perfon, work, and fulnefs,
¦ appear as the end and fubftance of them all; and the oblations then
offered reprefent to me Jefus, my whole burnt-offering, who
fatisfied juftice, and glorified all the divine perfections in my ftead;
Jefus, my fin-offering, who expiates every crime ; Jefus, my
peace-offering, whofe blood pacifies an offended God, quiets my
confeience, and comforts my heart ; Jefus, my meat-offering, who
is meat indeed for the nourifhment of my foul. Yea they repre
fent to me- how his people,; and their fervices offered through him,
are the delight of his Father, and the joy of his own heart. In the
firft-fruits of barley and flour let me behold Jefus, in his debafe
ment and glory, as having in all things the pre-eminence, fanc'tifying
the whole harveft of eleft men, and all their fruits of righteoufnefs ;
and as offered to be the prefent and endlefs nourifhment of my
foul. Let them alfo figure out the called of God, who are firft-
fruits to God and the Lamb ; and their ready and acceptable fer
vice. In'the paffover I difcern him as our paffover facrificed for :
us. In the feaft of unleavened bread I fee him as through his whole
life a man of forrows ; bur holy, trarmlefs, and undcfiled. In pen-

day the x boughs of goodly trees, branches
of palm-trees, and the boughs of thick
trees, and willows of the brook ; and ye
fhall y rejoice before the Lord your God
feven days.
41 And ye fliall keep it a feaft unto
the Lord feven days in the year : z it
fhall be a ftatute for ever in your genera
tions ; ye fliall celebrate it in the feventh
month. 42 Ye fhall a dwell in booths {even
days ; all that are Ifraelites born fhall
dwell in booths:
43 b That your generations may know
that I made the children of Ifrael to dwell
in booths when I brought them out of
the land of Egypt : I am the Lord your
God. 44 c And Mofes declared unto the chil
dren of Ifrael the feafts of the Lord.
CHAP. XXIV.
Here is ( I ) A repetition of fome laws, for the execu
tion of which there was prefent need; viz. that the
lamps in the Jancluary fhould be kept burning every
night, and the golden table always covered with fhew-
bread, renewed every fabbath; i — 9 : and that
murder, or ftr iking of perfons, and deftroy ing their
beafts, fhould be impartially punifhed ; 17 — 22. (2)
A blafphemer having, for the third time, interrupted
God's giving of his ceremonial inftitutes, [compare
Exod. xxxii. Lev. x.] a folemn ftaning to death

Before Chrift
H9°-
xHcb. fruit, Neh. 8.
15 — -8. Mat. 21.
8. John 12. 13. If.
41. 19. tc 44. 4.
y Ver. 43. Deut. 16.
It, 14, 15. & 12.
7. Zech. 14. 16.
2 Cor. 2. 14. Rom.
5.11.
2 See ver. 21.-

aGen. 33. 17. Neh.
8. 16—18. Num.
24. 2,5. with Excel*
12. 37.

b Exod. 12. 14, 24—
28. & 13. 9, u —
16. Deut. 6. 6—8.
& it. 18— ^20^
Exod: 16. 32, 33.
Num. 17.10. & 16.
38, 40. Jofh. 4. 7.

c Num. 12. 7. Esek.
3. 17. M^t. za. 20,
I Cor. 11. 2,.2$.
Heb. I. 1. oj 3. 2.
I Cor. 4. 2.

tecoft I behold him exhibited as the law-fulfiller in the apoftolic
period for the falvation of multitudes. In the feaft of trumpets I
hear the' gofpel -found, from morning to evening of the Chriftian
period, proclaiming a full falvation through a crucified Redeemer
to all the ends of the earth. In the faft of expiation I again be
hold him finifhing tranfgreffion, and making an end of fin, the fin
of a whole ele£r. world, in one day; and, having by himfelf purged
away our fins, fitting down at the right hand of the Majefty in
the heavens, there to appear in the prefence of Gqd for us. And
in the feaft of tabernacles he is prefigured as tabernacling in our
nature and world, that we might have familiar fellowfhip with him,
particularly in the apoftolic and millennial, but chiefly in the eter
nal, period. Let me blefs the Lord for fuch manifold memorials of
Jefus ; and efpecially that our privileges under the gofpel are ftill
more excellent, our enemies themfelves being judges. Let me
obferve holy feafons in an holy manner. Let the fabbaths of the
Lord be kept in all our hearts, in all our dwellings, and by all
under our care. Let us honour the Lord with the firft-fruits of all
our fubftance. While kind to ftrangers, to the poor and deftituts,
let us hearken to the joyful found of falvation to miferable finners ;
and, looking on Jefus Chrift as crucified for up, let us afflicl: om
fouls till God- himfelf wipe away all tears from our eyes; and when
our harveft and vintage of labours are ended, then fhall we com
memorate with pleafure our hardfhi-ps bv the wav, and rt;.oice to
change them for an eternal weight of p.iory..

Laws for the lamps and fhew-bread. LEVI TI C U S, Lazvs for punifhing blafphemy, murder, hz,
........ _ . . _ _ .....  . .. .  . _  ... ,~ 1 P.rn.a PK.:a

JSr-rr- Chriit
1490.

a Exod. 27. 20. ver.
S. Num. 8. 2. .
1 Sam. 3. 3. Zech.
4-6, II, 12. If. 11.
2 — 4. & 61. 1—3.
John 3. 34. Col. 2.
3. Eph. 1. 17, 18.
* Heb. to caufe lo
afcend.
bExod. 27. 21.&40.
4,24,25-&25. 31.
->Jum. 8. 2, 3.
iSarn. ?. 3.

C See ch. 23. 21.
Exod. 12. 17.

•i Exod. 31.8. 8c 25,
31.&40. 4,24,25,
-Num. S. 2—4.
Rev. 1. 20.

-e Exod. 25.30. Num.
.4. 7. Ads 26. 7.
Gil. 6. 16. John 6.
55. Deut. 32. 9.
fi. 135. 4.
f 1 Cor. 14. 33. Eph.
2. 12—18. 1 Cor.
12. 12. 8c 14. 40.
g Exod. 25.24. iCor.
1. 30. Heb. 9. 24.
h Heb. 7. 25. R.CV..8.
3, 4. Eph. 1. 6.

i Ch. 2. 2. & 23.24.
Gen. 9. 14—16.
Exod. 28. 12, 29.
8c 30. 16. Num.
10. 10.
k Num. 4. 7. Neh.
10. 32, 33.

1 Exod. 29. 33. ch. 8.
31. Mat. 12. 4.
1 Sam. 21. 6. If.
53. 10, 11. John 6.
$3— 57-

-m Exod. 12. 38.
Num. II. 4.

x Eko!.!. 20. 7. ver.
15, ifi.
0 Num. 27. 5. & 15,
34, 35. Exod. 18.
22, 26.

« appointed as the punifhment of every blafphemer ;
10—16, ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Command the children of Ifrael that
a they bring unto thee pure oil-olive
beaten for the light, * to caufe the lamps
to burn continually.
3 b Without the vail of the teftimony,
in the tabernacle of the congregation,
fhall Aaron order it from the evening
unto the morning before the Lord con
tinually : c // fhall be a ftatute for ever in
your generations.
4 He fliall order the lamps upon J the
pure candleftick before -the Lord conti
nually. 5 5T And thou fhalt take fine flour, and
bake * twelve cakes thereof: two tenth-
deals fhall be in one cake.
6 And thou fhalt f fet them in two
rows, fix on a row, upon the s pure table
before the Lord.
7 And thou fhalt put h pure frankin
cenfe upon each row, that it may be on
the bread ' for a memorial, even an offer
ing made by fire, unto the Lord.
8 Every fabbath he fhall k fet it in
order before the Lord continually, being
taken from the children of Ifrael by an
everlafting covenant.
9 And .* it fhall be Aaron's and his
fons' ; and they fhall eat it in the holy
place : for it is moft holy unto him of
the offerings of the Lord made by fire
by a perpetual ftatute.
10 *[[ And the fon of an Ifraelitifh
woman, m whofe father was an Egyptian,
went out among the children of Ifrael :
and this fon of the Ifraelitifh woman and
a man of Ifrael ftrove together in the
.camp ;
11 And the Ifraelitifh woman's fon
n blafphemed the name of the LORD,
and curfed. And they ° brought him
unto Mofes: (and his mother's name was

Before Chiift
1490.

expound
unto them according
to the mouth of tht
LQRD.

sCh. 20.2,27. Num.
IS- 35, 36. Deut.
13. 10.&17.5.&
21.21. &22.21,
24. ver. 16, 23.
Exod. 19, 13,
t Num. 15. 30,31.5.
20. 13. i£in, 21,
.o-£Ma,.*

Shelomith, the daughter of Dibri, ofthe
tribe of Dan : )
12 And they p put him in ward, + that \^**
J r ' 1 t Heb. to expoi
the mind of the Lord might be fhewed
them. 13 And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 14 Bring forth him that hath curfed
* without the camp; and let all that heard q 5.V3.' f*™'
him r lay their hands upon his head, and rD«"'s-9-&.M.
let all the congregation s ftone him.
1 5 And thou flialt fpeak unto the chil
dren of Ifrael, faying, c Whofoever curf-
eth his God fhall bear his fin.
1 6 And he that blafphemeth the name
of the Lord, he fhall furely be put to
death, and all the congregation fhall
certainly ftone him : as well the ftranger
as he that is born in the land, when he
blafphemeth the name of the LORD,
fhall be put to death.
17 f u And he tliat X killeth any man "2f££S£
fhall furely be put to death. HzVidl??:
18 f And he that "killeth a beaft *^*****
fhall make it good ; H beaft for beaft.
1 9 And if a man caufe a blemifh in
his neighbour.; as he hath done fo fhall
it be done to him :
20 Breach for breach, eye for eye,
tooth for tooth : as he hath caufed a ble
mifh in a man, fo fhall it be done to him
again. 2 1 And he that killeth a beaft, he fhall
reftore it : and he that killeth a man, he
fhall be put to death.
22 Ye fhall have 3 one manner of law, r &£¦£•,#$.
as well for the ftranger as for one of your %\\,?s.tlf.
own country : for z I am the Lord your
God. 23 5T And Mofes fpake to the chil-
dred of Ifrael, that they fhould bring
forth him that had curfed out of the

x'Exod. 21. 18-736.
8c 22. 5, 6> Pent.
19.21. Mat. 5. 38,
39. & 7. 2.
II Heb. life for lift.

1 See Gen. 17. 7.
Exod. 20. 2.

camp, and a ftone him with ftones. And

the children of Ifrael
commanded Mofes.

did as the Lord

a Df ut. 17. 5, 7-
Jofh. 7. 25- Num'
15.35, 36. fee »«.
14.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — While in Jefus' light I
fee. light, and feed upon him, efpecially from fabbath to fabbath, let
me efTay to give light in his church, and be a good favour of
Chrift, in the feeding of his people with the true bread which

cometh down from heaven. Let fuch as defire to enjoy gofpel-
light never grudge the neceffary expenfes of it. And never let
the pure oil of divine truth be adulterated with the fancies of men.
What a mercy is it that they who come to God find a table fpread

Law for the f abb atical year of releafe.

CHAP. XXV-

Laws for the jubilee.

Before Chriir-
HJO.

a Exod. ig. 1. eh. 1.
1. Num.i. 1. & 10.
11, 12.
bEzek.2.7.&J.I7. Mat. 28. 20. Col.
1. 28, 29. Acts 20.
C If. 8. 8. Hof. 9. 3.
ver. 23. ch. xxvi.
•1 Heb. refl, Exod. 23.
to. Heb. 4. 3, 9,

c Deut. 15. I, a. &
31. 10.

f2Kin.lg.29.If.37, 30V

fHcb. of tBy fif ora
tion.

gGal. 3. 28. Col. 3.
II. ACtS 2. 44.
Eph. 2. 12 — 22. &
3. 6" — 9. Rom. 3.
29, 30.

ll Ch. 23. 15.

CHAP. XXV.
To mark the land of Canaan as his peculiar property,
and tofecure time for religious infirutlion, to try their
faith in his providential provifions, and to prevent
their haftening to be rich, or their opprejfion of the
foor, God here (i) Appoints every fievenlh year to be
a year of releafe, in which no fields fhould be cultij
vated, or fpontaneous producl claimed by the mafter I,
and no debts demanded ; I — 7, 1 8 — 22 . ( 2 ) Appoints
every forty-ninth or fiftieth year to be a jubilee, in
which not only the land fhould lie unfilled, and debts
1 be forborne or remitted, but every family fhould return
to the fields of their ancient poffeffion, and every bond-
fervant of the Hebrew nation have his liberty
granted; 8 — 17. (3) Prefcribes laws for the fiale
and redemption of lands and houfes as connetled with
the jubilee, 14 — 16, 23 — 34 ; and concerning the
fale and redemption of Hebrew bond-fervants fold io
Ifraelites or to profelytes; 39 — '55. (4) Commands
clemency to poor debtors ; 35 — 38.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes ain
mount Sinai, faying,
2 b Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, When ye come into
c the land which I give you, then fhall the
land d keep a fabbath unto the Lord.
3 Six years thou fhalt fow thy field, and
fix years thou fhalt prune thy vineyard,
and gather in the fruits thereof:
4 c But in the feventh year fhall be a
fabbath of reft unto the land, a fabbath
for the Lord: thou fhalt neither fow
thy field nor prune thy vineyard.
5 That which f groweth of its own
accord of thy harveft thou fhalt not reap,
neither gather the grapes + of thy vine
undrefled : for it is a year of reft unto the
land. 6 And the fabbath of the land fhall be
s meat for you ; for thee, and for thy fer
vant, and for thy maid, and for thy hired
fervant, and for thy ftranger that fojourn-
eth with thee,
7 And for thy cattle,, and for the beafts
that are in thy land, fliall all the increafe
thereof be meat.
8 ^[ And thou fhalt number h feven
fabbaths of years unto thee, feven times

Before Chrift
1490.

feven years ; and the fpace of the feven
fabbaths of years fliall be- unto thee forty "
and nine years.
9 Then fhalt thou caufe the trumpet
* of the 'jubilee to found, on the k tenth f ^"^J"
day of the feventh month, in the day of L^Vifixij.

trumpet

k Ch. 23. 24, 27. xvi.-
Heb. 2. 12 — IJ.
Afts 13. 38, 39.
, 1 Cor. 2. 2. 8c~i.
23, 24, 3T. Eph. 3.
9. 2 Thef. 3.1.
Rom. 10. 18. 8c 15.
ly. 2 Cor. 5. 19 —
ZI.
lVer. 39— 41. Exod.
21. 26- Jer. 34. 8,
9-

atonement fhall ye make the
found throughout all your land.
10 And ye fhall hallow the fiftieth
year, and proclaim l liberty throughout
all the land unto all the inhabitants
thereof: it fhall be a jubilee unto you ;
and ye fhall return every man unto his
pofleffion, and ye fhall return every man
unto his family.
1 1 A jubilee fhall that fiftieth year be
unto you: ye m fhall not fow, neither mZ&^4;IfS^
reap that which groweth of itfelf in it,
nor gather the grapes in it of thy vine
undrefled. 1 2 For it is the jubilee ;. it fhall be holy
unto you : ye fhall eat the increafe thereof
out of the field.
13 n In the year of this jubilee ye fhall ^.J'oJ^
return every man unto his pofleffion. 4,4'''
14 ^f And if thou fell ought unto thy
neighbour, or buyeft ought of thy neigh
bour's hand, ye ° fhall not opprefs one ^fSlcllV. m5: "
another :
15 p According to the number of years ^E'^'S
after the jubilee thou fhalt buy of thy
neighbour, and according unto the num
ber of years of the fruits he fhall fell unto
thee * :
1 6 According to the multitude of years
thou fhalt increafe the price thereof, and
according to the fewnefs of years thou
fhalt diminifh the price of it : for accord
ing to the number of the years of the
fruits doth he fell unto thee.
17 Ye fhall not therefore opprefs one qver.43.ne1
/ ¦*¦ A Io. Mai. ^.5.
another; but thou flialt q fear thy God:
for I am the Lord your God.
18 ^[ Wherefore ye r fhall- do my f%-fiL

Luke
21. 34." 2"Pet. 3.
IO—14.

"¦Thebu/et had no.
rieht but till the .
jubilee.

:ut. 2<?r.
3.5. Rom.

3.18.
r Ch. 26. 3 — 12.
Deut. 28. 1—14.
& 12. r--,& 33.12

for them -in the wildernefs; and that on every fabbath minifters
are to provide frefh provifion for the fouls of their people ! That
the faints, in one generation after another, are fet upon the table
of the church, and efpecially on Chrift, to the hi nojr and delight
of Jehovah! Let me further obferve that a g ac-lefs offspring
is often the fruit of an unhallowed marriage : that quarrels ufually
end ill j and that judges ought to adt witn deliberation, and yet

with impartiality and zeal. I tremble therefore at the load of
uncontrolled bkfphemy which lies unpardoned on Britain,; fince
men have fparcd the heaven-daring mifcreants till fl;ey are fo com
mon that ftones would almoft be wanting to cz.'Ct at them ail ! Let
my foul weep in fecret places for their crimes ! Shall not God
vifit for thefe things? Shall not his foul be avenged, on fuch a na
tion as this ?

Ldws for fale and redemption of lands, &c. LEVITICUS. Laws for poor debtors and bond-fervants.

Before Chrift
- 149°'

sCh :6.4. Pf.67.6.
& Sj iz.

x "U-it. 6.25,26, 34.
- Luke 21. 34.
¦I Cur. 7. 32.

U Deut. 28. S. Pf.
133.3. t>. 147.14,
i5.;*6s. 2S. 11.37.
^3. & j2. l6.

: 1 Kin. 21. 3. Ezcl:.
4$. 14. Hof. 9. 3.
II. 8. S.'Zecb. 2.
12. Heb. II. 9, 10,
13, 14. I Pet. 1.4,
5. Rom. 8. 38, 39 .
John 10. 28, 29.
It Or to be quite cut of.
$ Heb. for cutting of.
y I Chr. 19. 15. Pf.
39. 12. 8c 119. 19.
a Pet. 2. II.
z Ruth 4. 4, 6. John
3. 16. Heb. 9. 12,
aRuth3.9. &2. 20.
8c 4. 6- Neh. 5. 3
. — 5. 2 Cor. 8. 9.
Rev. 5.9. 1 Pel. 3.
]8. & I. 18, 19.
Tit. 2. 14. Eph. I.
14-

'* Heb. his hand hath
attained and found
Jyjfitiency.

c See ver. I?. Eph.
1. 10. Col.'i. 12—
14. &.-.J, 24.

f Such houfes
quickly under
went great altera
tions, and did not
fo erFcctuany.mark
cut the diftinction
effamilics.

ftatutes, and keep my judgments, and
do them ; and ye fhall dwell in the land
in fafety. 19 And the land b fhall yield her fruit,
and ye fliall eat your fill, and dwell
therein in fafety.
20 And if ye fliall fay, ^ What fhall
we eat the feventh year ? behold, we fhall
not fow, nor gather in our increa'fe:
21 Then-.l u will command my blefling.
upon you in the fixth year, and it, fliall
bring forth fruit for three yearst^
22 And ye fhall fow the eighth year,
and eat yet of old fruit until the ninth
year; until her fruits come in ye fliall eat
ofthe old fore.
23 f The land * fhall not be fold « § for
ever : for the land is mine ; for ye are
y ftrangers- a-nd fojourners with me.
24 And in all theMand of your poffef
fion ye l fhall grant a redemption for the
land. 25 If thy brother be a waxen poor,
and hath fold away fome of his pofleffion,
and if any of his. kin come to redeem it,
then fhall he redeem that which his bro
ther fold.
26 And if the man have none to
redeem it, and * himfelf be able to re
deem it;
27 Then let him count the years of
the fale thereof, and reftore the overplus
unto the man to whom he fold it ; that
he. may return unto his pofleffion.
28 But if he be not able to reftore //
to him, then that which is fold fhall
remain in the hand of him that hath
bought it until the year of jubilee: and
in the jubilee it fhall go out, and he b fhall
return unto his pofleffion.
29 % And if a man fell a dwelling-
houfe in a walled city,, then he may re
deem it within a whole year after it is
fold ; within a full year may he redeem it.
30 "I" And if it be not redeemed within
the fpace of a full year, then the houfe
piiat is in the walled city fliall be efta
blifhed for ever to him that bought it
throughout his generations : it fhall not
go out in the jubilee.

Before 'Chfj*
1490.

31 But the houfes of the villages which
have no walls round about them fliall
be counted as the fields of the country :
* they may be redeemed, and they fhall ^J&f-
go out in the jubilee.
32 'Notwithftanding, the cities of the^jM'^*
Levites, and the houfes of the cities of ¦ jW^ttw.
their pofleffion, may the Levites redeem
at any time.
. 23 And if I' a man purchafe of the "*2^
Levites, then the houfe that was fold,
and the city of his pofleffion, fhall go out
in the year of jubilee : d for the houfes of **£*«.$$.
the cities of the Levites. are their poflef- i^f*f:£$L
fion among the children of Ifrael.
34 But the field ofthe fuburbs of their
cities may e not be fold, for it is their
perpetual pofleffion.
25 f And if f thy brother be Waxen '«£<%??.}«
poor, and § fallen in decay with thee; £>£$'
then thou fhalt * relieve him \ yea, though *";LK,W

c Ver. 23. Afls 4 ,6,
37- lPet. 1.4,5!

1 John

he be a ftranger or a fojourner ; that he *!*!>.>•<>«<*«
may live with thee.
36 .« Take thou no ufury of him or 8E4S.S
increafe: but fear thy God.; that thy
brother may live with thee. ^-
3 7 Thou fhalt not give him thy money
upon ufury, nor lend him thy victuals
for increafe.
38 h I am the Lord your God, who
brought you forth out of the land of
Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan,
and to be your God.
39 % And 'l if thy brother that dwell-
eth by thee be waxen poor, and be fold
unto thee, thou fhalt not + compel him
to ferve as a bond-fervant :
40 But as an hired fervant, and as a
fojourner, he fhall be with thee, and {hall
ferve thee unto the year of jubilee:
41 And then k fhall he depart from
thee, both he and his children with him,
and fhall return unto his own family,
and unto the pofleffion of his father fhall
he return.
42 For they ore l my fervants, which
I brought forth out of the land of Egypt :
they fhall not be fold + as bond-men.
43 m Thou fhalt not rule over him with
rigour ; but fhalt fear thy God.

Sc 22. 12. Neh, 5,
5-9- Pf. 15.5-

h Ch. 19. 36. Exod.
20. z. Num. 15. 41.
Deut. 13.5, 10.&
- zo. 1. Judg. 2. 12.
Exod. 3.8. &6.J,
Jer^jp. 22. &31.
3v

i Exod. n.ft. & 12. \
3. Deut. 15. 12. \
Jer. 34. 14. iKin.
4. 1. 1 Kin. 9. £2.
«er. 35, 43, 46.
f Heb. ferve thftlf
with him with th
fervice, Sec,

k Exod. «. I— 6»
ver. 10. Tit. 2. 14.
Pf. 68. ai. Th«
jubilee freed him
and his whole fa
mily, whether it
was at the &d of 1
fix years or nui.

1 Ver. $$• t Cor.7;
23. Rom. 6.12. rf.
116. 16. Tit.*-
11— 14.
i Heb. with thtf/olt
pf a bend'inan.
m Eph. 6. 9. Col. 4.
1. Neh. 5. 9.

Laws for redemption of fervants. CHAP.

II Heb. Ve jbttU ferve
\mirfelves With
them.

Eef^rm 44 "Both thy bond-men, and thy bond-
riif.4.i,2.pf.2.8. maids, which thou fhalt have, fhall be of
wefe aliot'ed tf the heathen that are round about you ;
buy heathens for J
wereiti,3rdpehpt of tx\en\ maU ye buy bond-men and bond-
tual property. ^^ 45 Moreover, of the children of the
ftrangers that do fojourn among you,
of them fliall ye buy, and of their fami
lies that are with you, which they begat
in your land : and they fhall be your
pofleffion. 46 And ye fliall take them as an inhe
ritance for your children after vou, to
inherit them for a pofleffion ; " they fhall
be your bond- men for ever : but over
your brethren the children of Ifrael, ye
fhall not rule one over another with
rigour. 47 ^f And if a fojourner or ftranger
5 wax rich by thee, and thy brother that
dwelleth by him wax poor, and fell him
felf unto the ftranger or fojourner by
thee, or to the ftock of the Arranger's fa
mily :
48 After that he is fold he may be re-
°^is.Gai.t'* deemed again; ° one of his brethren may
redeem him :
49 Either his uncle, or his uncle's fon,
may redeem him, or any that is nigh of
kin unto him of his family may redeem
him ; or, if he be able, he may redeem
himfelf. 50 p And he fhall reckon with him that
prices,wbetheror -i 1 1 ¦ /- 1 1 1
lands or Hebrew bought him from the year that he was
.crvants, were at- O J
Sdlnglifi.? fold to him unto the year of jubilee : and
riiftancc of theyear ,1 • r~l*j"l.A1li V
ofjubiieejanrtthe the price or his fale fhall be according^ to
leis the diftance 1 •- _ o
ih1pi'ie£ast0bc the number of years, according to the

XXV. XXVI. profperity promifed to obedience.
time of an hired fervant fhall it be with
him. 5 1 If there be yet many years behind,

$ Heb, his hand
ibtain, 8cc.

5. &3. 13. Rev. j.
9-

p Vet. IJ, t6. The
whether of

Reflections upon Chap. XXV". — While in thefe fabbatical
years I call to mind the happinefs of Adam in Paradife, and by
faith difcern the reft, the liberty, the happinefs, the common fil
iation, of a new-covenant ftate, of the gofpel period, arid of the
celeftial ftate, all purchafed by Jefus' atoning blood, and publiihed
and offered to us in tire gofpel, may I be difengaged from all
undue affection to created comforts, and never haften to be rich,
but depend on God for daily bread, in following the ways of re
ligion and charity. In view of my eternal jubilee let me confider
Chap. XXVI. This chapter, which moftly correfponds with Deut. xxviii. is a
fummary of the oracles and providences of God relative to thc Jewilh nation. In the
£.~n. ...... „r :.  1  . .-.  ,-,<-., - ¦

juu£c=, Liie h-iiigs, lug ueputies 01 ... 
the fulfilment of thefe predictions. In the fecond part of it we have a fummary of ail
the threatenings which relate to their nation, whether denounced by Mofes, the pro
phets, Chrift, or his apoftles. All the miferies which that nation endured under the
Vol. 1.

Before Chrilt
1490.

according unto them

give again

he fhall
the price of his redemption out of the
money that he was bought for.
52 And if there remain but few years
unto the year of jubilee, then he fhall
count with him, and according unto his
years fliall he give him again the price of
his redemption.
52 And as a yearly hired fervant fliall
he be with him : and the other fhall not
rule with rigour over him in thy fight.
54 And if he be not redeemed * in *<**»># ™*>*-
thefe years, then he * fhall go out in the ^fflkdZt
year of jubilee, both he, and his children ll~H'11'
with him.
55 For unto me the children of Ifrael
are fervants ; they are r my fervants whom rVfifif^l\\
I brought forth out of the land of Egypt : LK'iY^.
I am the Lord your God.
CHAP. XXVI.
Here, after a general demand of due regard to God,
to his fabbaths and fanctuary ; 1,2. (r) Obedience
to God's laws is enforced with manifold promifes of
plenty, peace, vitlory, increafe in number, God's fpe
cial favour, prefence, and continued covenant-rela
tion; 3 — 13. (2) Difobedience to them is threat
ened with divine oppofition, bodily diftempers, famine,
war, haraffineni by wild beafts, captivity, deflation
of their land, deftruilion of their idols, faintnefis of
heart, and pining away in their fins; _ 14—39.
(3) Repentance, amidft the deepeft afflictions, is en
couraged by promifes of God's merciful regard and
deliverance; 40- — 46.
YE fliall make you a no idols nor gra- aC££t|fi:'|A:
ven image, neither rear you up a f:v,7.^ir'*'
* ftanding image, neither fhall ye fet up * or ,;/;«.•,

wifely the cafes of the poor ; ftudy equity in all my dealings ; and
ftand faft in the liberty wherewith Chrift has made me free. Blefled
be his glorious name — though 1 have forfeited all my happinefs—
though I have fold myfelf a^bond fervant to Satan and my lufts — .
my Kinfman-Redeemer Chrift has paid all my debt, all my ran-
fom ! And whom the Son hath, made free, they are free indeed!
Let me adore his fovereignty, that, while almoft all the world are
detained in everlafting bondage, the feed of Abraham, according to
the Spirit, are made the Lord's free men.

judges, kings, Chaldeans, Perfians, Greeks, and Romans, for about fifteen hundred
years ; and all the miferies they have endured in their prefent difperfion among the
Gentiles, which have already continued above feventecn hundred years without any
interruption is hufa literal accompliihrncnt of them. The third part has been in
fome meafurc verified in fome of their former deliverances; efpecially in the mercies
which they received in their return from Babylon, and afterwards until the time of
Chrift. But we expect a more full accompliiiiment of it in the latter d.i\% when the.
Jews fhall be converted to the Chriftian faith, and replaced in their own Und.
C c

Difobedience, and obftinacy in it,
of ftone in
unto it : for I

LEVITICUS.

Before Chrift
1490.

any 1"
bow down

image

t Os figured Jitme.
ttiets.aJlone.fpic. JOXVC CjOd.
2 b Ye fhall keep my
b Ch-. ig, 30. Exod. r r\ T
m8-n.ch.xxiii. reverence my iandtuary : J
xxv. Num. xxvui.
xxix.
c Dent. 28. 1— .14.
'1.18.4,5, 3°- &
-xxv. Exod. xjc
—xxiii. Deut. iv
—xxvii.
dDeut. IX.14.&28.
12. Jer. 3.3. & 14,
22. Ezek. 34. 26.
27. Pf. 67.6.^65.
9-13.

your land, to
am the Lord

eAmosij. 13. Their
plentiful crops
ihonld keep them
in conftant work.
f Exod. 16. 8. Job
11. 18, 19.

glf.3j.9.Jer.jo.io. Ezek. 34. 27, 28
Hof. 2. 18. Mic.
4*

h E^ek. 34. 25.
2 Kin. 2 24. &
17. 25, 26.

i Num. 14. 9. Jofh.
23. 10 Deut. 32.
30. 1 Chr. 11. it,
20. 2 Sam. 23. 8 —
18. 2 Chr. xiii.
xiv. xx. xxvi.

fabbaths, and
c'h.x5ij: reverence my fan£tuary : I am the Lord.
1. xxvui. 1 • n
2 1 c If ye walk in my ftatutes, and
cK&l^lt'ec keep my commandments, and do them ;
1— xxv. Exod. xx ' A ^_,y , x . , . . ,
4 Then d I will give you rain in due
feafon, and the land fhall yield her in
creafe, and the trees of the field fhall
yield their fruit.
5 And your e threfhing fhall reach
unto the vintage, and the vintage fhall
reach unto the Towing time : and ye f fhall
eat your bread to the full, and dwell in
your land fafely.
6 And g I will give peace in the land,
¦*• and ye fhall lie down and none fhall make
n Heb. cau-e t, ceafe. you afraid : and I will H h rid evil beafts out
of the land ; neither fhall the fword
through your land.
7 And ye fhall ' chafe your enemies,
and they fhall fall, before you by the
fword. 8 And five of you fhall chafe an hun
dred, and an hundred of you fhall put
ten thoufand to flight : and your enemies
fhall fall before you by the fword.
9 For I will k have refpect. unto you,
and make you fruitful, and multiply you,
8eKxodl8'.f '£& anc^ ' eftablifh my covenant with you.
10 And ye fhall eat m old ftore, and
forth the old becaufe of the new.
I will fet my tabernacle
and my foul fhall not ab-

go

k 2 Kin. 13. 23.
Exod. 1.7. 8c Z.
23 — 25. Neh. 9.
23. Jer. 23. 3.

7. & 19. 5,6. & 24.
3—0. 8c 23. ~
31-

Ch.25.2
3CJflfii.

$ Their granaries
ihould not be able
tofiold both.
JlE2ek.37.26.Exod. xl. I Kin. viii.
Ezra vi. Zeph. 3.
17. If. 62. 3— 5.
01 Cor. 6. 16. Rev.
2. 1. 8c 21. 3. Gen. „,-rt.l,.
t7. 7. zech. 13. 9. people
Jer. 31. 33.
l>Kxc(1.20. 2.-&3.T,
I. Pf. 81.6, 10 8c
s~. 7. 8c 116. 16.
Luke 1. 74, 75-

§ bring 11 And '
among you:
hor you.
12 ° And I will walk among you, and
will be your God, and ye fliall be

your

ye

my

1 3 "I
brought

Egypt,

'to
men

qDeut. 2S. 15. Lam.
2. 17. Iv-:al. 2. z.
ver. 18.

T Ver. 43. 2 Kin. 1".
15. J' r. 'j. 19. Is
32. 2.1. E*ek. 5. (1.
ic zs. n, 24.

am the Lord your God, who
you forth out of the land of
, that ye fhould not be their bond-
and 1 have broken the bands of
your yoke, and made you go upright.
14 \ q But if ye will not hearken unto
me, and will not do all thefe command
ments ;
1 5 And if ye r fhall defpife my ftatutes,
or if your foul abhor my judgments, fo
that ye will not do all my command-

. threatened with great plagues,
but that ye s break my cove-

againft

Before Chrift
1490.
s Gen. 17. 14. Deut.
31. 16, 20. It. 24.
5. Jer. n. 10.
Ezek. 16. 59.
tPi.ioo,.6.&Ti8.3j, Jer. 15. g. Deut.
28.22,33,51,65. 1 Sam. 2. 33. jer.
31.25. & 5.17. &
12. 13. Job 31. 8.
on you.
uCh. 17.10. 8c 20. {,
6iP£"-9-&34. 16. &.6S. 1, z.
Ezek. 15, 7.
X Judg. 2. 14. & iii.
iv. vi. x. iSam, iv.
xxxi. 2 Chr. xii.
xiii. xxi. xxviii.
xxxvi. Neh. 9. zi.
Pf. 106. 41, 42.
yPf. 53. 5. Prov. 28.
1. Job 15. 20, 21.

ments,nant :
1 6 I alfo will do this unto you ; I will
even l appoint * over you terror, con-
fumption, and the burning ague, that
fhall confume the eyes, and caufe forrow
of heart : and ye fhall fow your feed in *Heb.„
vain, for your enemies fhall eat it
1 7 And I will u fet my face
you, and ye x fhall be flain before your
enemies : they that hate you fhall reign
over you ; and ye fhall y flee when none
purfueth you.
1 8 And if ye will not yet for all this
hearken unto me, then I will punifh you
z feven times more for your fins.
19 And I will a break the pride of your
power ; and I will make your b heaven as
iron, and your earth as brafs :
20 And your ftrength fhall be fpent in
vain : for your land fhall not yield her in
creafe, neither fhall the trees of the land
yield their fruits.
21 And if ye walk c contrary unto
me^ and will not hearken unto me; I
will bring feven times more plagues upon
you according to your fins.
22 I will alfo d fend wild beafts among dDeut.32.24.E2ek.

z Often, ver. zi,
24,28,
a I Sam. 4.1 r. Ezek.
7. 24. Judg. iii. ir.
x. Sec.
b Deut. 28. 23. Jer.
3. 3. & 14. 1—6.
Joel 1.4 — 20. & 2.
I — II. I Kin. 17.
1, 7. & 18. 1. Jam.
5. 17. Hab. 3. 17.
Hag. 1. 10, 11. &
2. 19. Mal. 3. 9— .

c Or at all adven
tures with me: and
fo ver. 24. 27.

5. 17. Jer. 15. 3.
Num. 21.6. 2 Km.
2. 24. 8c 17. 25.

e Judg.

5. 6. 2 Chr.
15. 5. If. 33. 8.
Ezek.14.15. Lam.
1.4. Mic. 3.12. "

you, which fhall rob you of your chil
dren, and deftroy your cattle, and make
you few in number ; and your high-ways
fliall be e defolate.
23 And if ye will not be reformed by
me by thefe things, but will walk con
trary unto me ;
24 f Then will I alfo walk contrary fver.1s.2sam. L
<_ t -n -/-1 • r 17- Pf- 18-26.
unto you, and will punifh you yet feven
times for your fins.
25 And I gwill bring a fword upon
you, that fliall avenge the quarrel of my
covenant : and when ye are gathered to
gether within your cities I will fend the
peftilence among you ; and ye fhall be
delivered into the hand of the enemy.
26 And, when K I have broken the ftaff h lrj.y5-
of your bread, ten women fliall bake your
bread in one oven, and they fliall deliver and ye

you your bread again by

thai! eat and not be fatisfied
27 ' And if ye will not

eight

27. pr. 18. 26.
Amos 4. 6 — 12.
Job 9. 4. 8c 40. 2,

gE2ek. xiv.xvii. If.
xxiv. Jud;. iii. iv.
vi. x. 1 Kin. viii.
& 10. 32. &13. 3,
7. xv — xvii. x.\iv.
xxv. 2 Sam. 24. 15.
Jer. 15. .— 4. &
16.4. 8c 9.21,22.

Ezek. 4.
16. &14.
Ho;. 4. 10. Jer.
3S.9 i'c cx.t). Mic.
6. 14,15. Hag.r.6.
Their loud fliall
be .0 fcanty.

for all this ,v?- »«•».«•

jyifobedience threatened, and repentance CHAP. XXVI.

mightily encouraged.

Before. Chr ii
,1490.

k Ver. 18, 2I,'24. If.
42. 24, 25. with
43.11,25. & 51.12,

1 Deut. 28. 53— 55.
Ezek. 5.10. 2 Km.
6. 29. Lam. 4. .10.

ai Ezek. -20. 29. Jer,
32. 35. 2 Chr. 14.
, 3- S- cc 31. I-
n Ezek. 6. 4—6.
2 Chr. 34. 4. Sc
23. 17. Ii. 27. 9.
o Jer. 8. 1.2. 2 Chr.
34. 5. Pf- 79-1-3-
Ezek. 6. 4, 5, 13.
p Jer. 9. II. Neh. z.
17. Lam. i. &2-7<
Ezek. ix. &21.7.
q Amos 5. 21. If. I.
II — 13. & 66. 3.
Prov. 15. 8. &21.
27. & 28. 29.
rEzek. 33. 28,29. 1(-
1.7, 8. Deut. 29. 22
— 24. Lam. 5. 12.

c Deut 4. 27. & 28.
61, 64. 8c 32. 21—
26. Pf. 44. II.
Zech. 7. 14. Jer. 9.
16. Ezek. 11. 14.
Luke 21. 24. 8c
19. 43, 44-

t Ch. 25. 2, 4, 10.
Deut. 15. 1. 2 Chr.
36. 2ir

uIf.24.5,6.Jer.2J. 10. Rom. 8. 22. '

x Job 15. 21, 22.
Prov. 28. 1. If. 10.
4. &30. 17. Deut.
32. 30. & 28. 65 —
67. Luke 21. 25,
20. with Exod. 23.
>7-

y If. 17. 13. Ter.se.
6. Hof. 9. 6. Mat.
21. 44. Be 24. 28.
Luke 19. 27, 42.
& 21. 24. 1 Thef.
2. 16.

hearken unto me, but walk contrary unto
me ;
28 Then I k will walk contrary unto
you alfo in fury ; and I, even I, will
chaftife you feven times for your fins.
29 ' And ye fhall eat the flefh of your
fons, and the flefh of your daughters fhall
ye eat.
30 And I will m deftroy your high
places, and n cut down your images, and
0 caft your carcafes upon the carcafes of
your idols, and my foul fhall abhor you.
• 3 1 And I will p make your cities wafte,
and bring your fancluaries unto defla
tion, and I will i not fmell the favour of
your fweet odours.
32 And I will r bring the land into
defolation : and your enemies which
dwell therein fhall be aftonifhed at it.
22 And I will * fcatter you among the
heathen, and will draw out a fword after
you : and your land fhall be defolate, and
your cities wafte.
34 Then* ' fhall the land enjoy her
fabbaths, as long as it lieth defolate,
and ye be in your enemies land ; even
then fhall the land reft, and enjoy her
fabbaths. 35 As long as it lieth defolate it fhall
reft ; becaufe it did " not reft in your fab
baths when ye dwelt upon it.
36 And upon them that are left alive
of you I will fend a x faintnefs into their
hearts in the lands of their enemies ; and
the found of a fhaken leaf fhall chafe them ;
and they fliall flee, as fleeing from a fword ;
and they fhall fall when none purfueth.
2f And they fhall fall one upon an
other, as it were before a fword, when
none purfueth : and ye fhall have no
power to ftand before your enemies.
38 And ye fliall ? perifh among the
heathen, and the land of your enemies
fhall eat you up.

Be'ore Chrift
1490.

. S-&
12. 12, 13. Ezek.
4. 17. & 6. 9. Sc
zi. 41. & 24.23. 8c
33. id. Hoi. 5. 15.
ic 3. 4. Ex'd. io.
5. Mat. 23,35, 56,
F.0111. 11. 8 — 10.
a Dan. ix. Neh. ix.
Jer. 3. 12—14.
1 Kin. 8. 33—53-
Ho!. 5. 15. & 6. I,
2. Ezek. 7. 16. &
16. 01. cc 36. 31.

39 And they that are' left of you fliall
z pine away in their iniquity in your cue- zDcm.p.
mies' lands ; and alfo in the iniquities of
their fathers fhall they pine away with
them. 40 % If they fhall a confefs their ini
quity, and the iniquity of their fathers,
with their trefpafs which they trefpafled
againft me, and that alfo they have
walked contrary unto me ;
41 And that I alfo have walked con
trary unto them, and have brought them
into the land of their enemies ; if then
b their uncircumcifed hearts be humbled, bj«.^.io.&,.2«.
and they then accept of the punifhment ^"ff^'ifc
of their iniquity ; j^kfe,?
42 Then will I c remember my cove- *>°'c°h f.\s. "'
nant with Jacob, and alfo my covenant cS^6Pf;
with Ifaac, and alfo my covenant with
Abraham will I remember ; and I d will
remember the land.
43 The land alfo fhall be left of them,
and fhall enjoy her fabbaths while fhe
lieth defolate without them : and they
fhall accept of the punifhment of their
iniquity ; becaufe,- even becaufe they
e defpifed my judgments, and becaufe '^'V'liS,2,^
their foul abhorred my ftatutes. ^-il."'^.^.
44 And yet for all that, when they "~'';
be in the land of their enemies, f I will f "S4;^^-
not caft them away, neither will I abhor
them to deftroy them utterly, and to
break my covenant with them : for I am
the Lord their God.

. s-i'
Ezek. 16. 60. Luke
I. 72. Deut. 3Q.
d Ezek. 36. 33, 34.
Pi. 85. 1, 2.

jer. 4.27. & 5. 10.
& 30.II. &40. 28.
Nell. 9. 31. .Rom.

ac But I will sfor their fakes remem- gvc-r.41.R0m.1r.
1 J . n 20,29 i-'.'d.j.G.
9.5,6.;; 2.24.

Deu'i

ber the covenant of their anceftors, whom
I brought forth out of the land of Egypt
in the fight of the heathen, that I might
be their God : I am the Lord.
46 ^ Thefe are the ftatutes and judg- hch.27.34ss7.3_5
ments and laws which the Lord made %%£f£lf{.
between him and the children of Ifrael in
mount Sinai by the hand of Mofes.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — How ftri£l is the con
nection between hoiinefs and happinefs ! Manifold are the bleff
ings of thofe who in a gofpel-manner obey God's laws, and great
is the favour of God towards them, and intimate his prefence with
them. His celeffial influences produce fpiritual gifts and holy dif-
politions, and the peace, of God keeps their hearts and minds
through Chrift Jefus. Their enemies, fin, Satan, the world, and

death, are vanquifhed in him, and the covenant of God ftands faft
with them for ever and ever. But how dreadful the punifhment
of fuch as are obftinate in wickednefs! While they wickedly pro
ceed from evil to v/orfe, the judgments of God juftly increafe in
their number and degree; and fuch as remain unhumbled under
afflictions from God, and conviclions from their own confeience,
have nothing to expect but wrath to the uttermoft. Such as dare
Cc 2

Laws of devoting things to God, and LEVITICUS.

redeeming them back from him.

Before Chrift
1490.

C H A
Contains the laws of th

XXVII.

aCh. 1. 1. Exod. 25.

li Gen. c.8. 20. Num.
21. 2. xxx. Deut.
23. 21 — Z3. i. e.
devotes himfelf,
or one of his chil
dren,, to the {acred
iervice of God.

c 5L14S. Exod. 30.13.

d 31. 8s. 5d. Exod.
21. 32. Mat. 27. 9.
8c 26, 15. Zecb.
11. 12.

*2l. 5s. 70".

e Num. 18. ic. 8c 3.
4c. aboiit lis. sd.
halfpenny.

1 6s. iod.

} 1 1. 14 s. 2 d. half
penny.
$ il. 2s. 9d. half
penny.
fCh. 5.7- & '4- *'i
22. Mark 14. 7.
2 Cor. 8.12.

tie dedication of perfons, i— 8 ;
cattle, clean and unclean, 9 — 13 ; houfes and lands,
14 — 255 and of other things, to God; 26 — 34.
The general rules were, ( I ) That nothing which
vjas the Lord's by an antecedent claim, as firftlings
of animals, or firft-fruits, or tithes, could be devoted
at all; 26, 27, 3c — 34. (2) To render perfons
deliberate in devoting to the Lord, and redeeming
back from him, nothing could be redeemed back with
out paying a fifth part more than the eftimated value
of the perfon or thing dedicated by a vow ; 2 — 25.
(3) No firftling of animals fit for facrifice, or any
perfon or thing devoted under a curfe, could be re
deemed at all; 9, 10, 28, 29.
ND the aLoRD fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, When a b man fhall
make a Angular vow, the perfon fhall be
for the Lord by thy eftimation.
3. <[[ And thy eftimation fhall be ofthe
male from twenty years old even unto
fixty years old, even thy eftimation fhall
be c fifty fhekels of filver, after the fhekel
of the fanctuary.
4 And if it be a female, then thy efti
mation fhall be d thirty fhekels.
5 And if // be from five years old even
unto twenty years old, then thy eftima
tion fhall be of the male * twenty fhekels,
and for the female ten fhekels.
6 And if // be from a month old even
unto five years old, then thy eftimation
fhall be of the male e five fhekels of filver,
and for the female thy eftimation /iv?// be
+ three fhekels of filver.
7 And if /'/ be from fixty years old and
above ; if it be a male, then thy eftimation
fliall be * fifteen fhekels, and for the fe
male § ten fhekels.
8 But if he be f poorer than thy efti
mation, then he fhall prefent himfelf

to contend with their Maker will find the ftruggle moft unequal.
Difappointments, difeafes, evil beafts, fword, famine, peftilences,
captivity; and, in fine, death and hell; wait his call to deftroy
them. How dreadful ,then is the nature of fin! How certain the
ruin of impenitent finners! Aggravated is their guilt whom mer
cies cannot engage or corrections deter : and God will be juft to
oive up thofe to defpair, and death in fin, who give up themfelves
to work wickednefs with greedinefs. But behold how all who
return to God, even though late, are gracioufly received by him !
It is his grace, concurring with his afflictive providences, that
fofu-ns the ftupid and hardened heart, and humbles the finner; that
7

Eefere Chjrjft
1490..

change eVcr- »•
a baa ror a good :
change beaft for
exchange thereof

before the prieft, and the prieft fhall value
him; according to his ability. that vowed
fhall the prieft value him.
9 ^F And if it be a beaft whereof men
bring an offering unto the Lord, all that
any man giveth of fuch unto the Lord
'I fhall be holy. «shallbe &cci*«*
10 g He fhall not alter it, nor
it, a good for a bad, or a bad for
and if he fhall at all
beaft, then it and the
fhall be holy.
1 1 And if // be any h unclean beaft of "SSJ-.V^.s*
which they do not- offer a facrifice unto 34-M'
the Lord, then he fhall prefent the beaft
before the prieft :
1 2 And the prieft fhall value it, -whe
ther it be good or bad: *fas thou valueft 'SfrSSg?,?
it, who art the prieft, fo fliall it be.
1 3 But if he will at all redeem it, then
he fhall s add a fifth part thereof unto thy '^xj'^vert
eftimation. 1 4 ^[ And when a man fhall k fanctify
his houfe to be holy unto the Lord, then
the prieft fhall eftimate it, whether it be
good or bad : as the prieft fliall eftimate
it, fo fhall it ftand.
1 5 And if he that fandtified it will re
deem his houfe, then he fhall add the fifth
part of fhe money of thy eftimation unto
it, and it fhall be his.
1 6 ^[ And if a man fhall fandtify unto
the Lord fome part of a field of his pof
feffion, then thy eftimation fhall be ac
cording to the feed thereof : + an homer
of barley- feed fhall be valued at + fifty
fhekels of filver.
17 If he fanctify his field from the
year of jubilee, according to thy eftima
tion it fhall ftand.
1 8 But if he 1 fanctify his field after the

k Ver. 21. Num. 18.
14. A houfe in a
city was probably
devoted for ever,
if it was not re
deemed within -a
yea; ; ch. 25. 29,
30i

f- Orrthc-lsrrd of un
homer, &c.
tSl- 14 s.

1 Ch. 25. 15, 16, 27-,
51, 52. Fields
could only be de-
voted tillihcyear
of jubilee, as they
could be fold till
then, ch.25. ic —
16.

renders him patient under his troubles, but earneftly anxious to
efcape from his fins ; — renders him more felicitous to have the
end of afflictions anfwered than to have the burden of them- re
moved ; and then marvelloufly God remembers mercy in- the
midft of judgments ; and opens to the believing mind a firm foun
dation of hopes, and gracious fource of blefling?, in Jefus and his
covenant of grace ! Amidft fuch fulnefs of merit, and freedom of
promife, none need defpair, relying thereon. Bleffing God- for my
pious anceftors, and the benefits I enjoy through them, following
in their fteps, let me deny ungodlinefs arid- worldly lufts,, and live
foberly, rightcoufly, and godly, in this prefent- world.

Rules for redemption of firftlings

CHAP. XXVII.

and tithes, &c.

E14e9rf ift jubilee, then the prieft fliall reckon unto
" " " him the money according to the years
that remain, even unto the year ofthe
jubilee, and it fliall be abated from thy
eftimation. 19 And if he that fandtified the field
will in any wife redeem it, then he fliall
add the fifth part of the money of thy
eftimation unto -it, and it fliall be affured
to him.
20 And if he will not redeem the field,
or if he have fold the field to another
man, it fhall not be redeemed any more.
2 1 But the field, when it goeth out in
the jubilee, fhall be holy unto the Lord,
as a field devoted ; the pofleffion thereof
fhall be the prieft's.
22 And if a man fandtify unto the Lord
a field which he hath bought, which is
not of the fields of his pofleffion ;
23 Then the prieft fliall reckon unto
him the worth of thy eftimation, even
unto the year of the jubilee : and he fhall
give thine eftimation in that day, as a
- holy thing unto the Lord.
24 In the year ofthe jubilee the field
fliall return unto him of whom it was
bought, even to him to whom the pof
feffion of the land did belong.
25 And all thy eftimation fhall be
according to the fhekel of the fanctuary :
ra3^E«kJ.'«™: m twenty gerahs fhall be the fhekel.
tncts.frji-i,orn,8cc. 26 ^[ Only the* n firftling of the beafts,
"STsoV j? 19 which fhould be the Lord's firftling, no
DeuM5.19.Num. maii fl^j fanaify it . whether it be ox or
fheep : it is the Lord's.

27 And if // be of ° an unclean beaft, '"T^of
then he fliall redeem it according to thine "~
c- r 1 r ° u'
eftimation, and fliall add a fifth part or
it thereto: or if it be not redeemed, then
it fhall be fold according to thy eftima
tion. 28 % Notwithftandino;, p no devoted pj°ft-6\ 19.^.2.3.
I! O ' 1 he trung^ and
thing, that a man fhall devote .unto the edi1^?™^;
Lord of all that he hath, both of man devoteTunXT
n r ¦- 1 i r 1 • re ~ cuife as the pe-
and beaft, and of the field of his poflef- tr£btckbimii,1J
fion, fhall be fold or redeemed : every
devoted thing is moft holy unto the
Lord. 29 1 None devoted, which fliall be ^"^ilfiX
devoted of men, fhall be redeemed ; but %Z0,'ltJ'if.^'
fliall furely be put to death. S. 2I: li.3'
J sr Thus thc Canaan-
30 % And r all the tithe of the land, I'^XtlZt:
whether of the feed of the land or of the ^TnI?
fruit of the tree, is the Lord's : it is holy f;'g:$Xtz\\\
unto the Lord. LfSiithes5,™;
21 And if a man will at all redeem wS^uu.
1 r 1 • • 1 1 nil iii devoted, as
ought of his tithes, he fliall add thereto Srbutnoth=
the fifth part thereof. Lord'* piopcny-
32 And concerning the tithe of the
herd, or ofthe flock, even of whatfoever
1 pafleth under the rod, the tenth fhall be ^"•"•'J-
holy unto the Lord.
22 c He fhall not fearch whether it be tVcr-10-
good or bad, neither fhall he change it :
and if he change it at all, then both it
and the change thereof fliall be holy; it
fhall not be redeemed.
34 u Thefe are the commandments uCh'i-xxvi:
which the Lord commanded Mofes for
the children of Ifrael x in mount Sinai. x S„'mr'.,,& 1S' ''

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — While in thefe devoted
things I, with wonder, behold Jefus voluntarily devoted, irredeem
ably devoted to his Father's fervice, in our ftead, arid ranfoming us
by his precious blood, let me be always cheerful and liberal in his
work : but let me never be hafty in my vows, left I involve my
felf in difficulties, and repent of my rafhnefs. Never let me covet,
for my felfifh purpofes, that which belongs to the Lord; but cheer

fully pay my vows, without referve or change. And, though I
need not fell my houfe for his fervice, yet muft I fanctify it to him
by his conftant worfhip and fear in the midft of it. And, fince I
myfelf have been folemnly devoted to his fervice, let me never be
weary of it, or defire a change of my proprietor ; but, whether I
live or die, let me be wholly and only the Lord's.

THE

FOURTH BOOK of MOSES,

CALLED

N

U

M

B

E

R

"This book is fo called becaufe it fio largely reprefents the repeated- numbering of the Hebrew warriors, Levites, fpies, puniftiei
tranfgreffors ; their oblations, booty, and their journies, &c. in the wildernefs. It contains, ( i ) The principal articles of their
hiftory for thirty-nine years; particularly of the numbers, Jlations, and marching-order, of their tribes; i. ii. iii. iv. ix. x. :
the oblations of their princes at the dedication of the tabernacle; vii. : the confecration of the Levites ; viii. : obfervation of the
fecond paffover ; ix. : departure from Sinai; x. : deftruction of the murmurers by a fiery peftilence ', and the flefh for which they
hadlufted; appointment of feventy elders to affift, Mofes; xi. : Miriam's leprofy and cure; xii. : the fearch of Canaan by fpies
and their punifhment for a contempt of that promifed land; xiii. xiv. : the punifhment of Korah and his companions, and of
the people zvho murmured at it; xvi. : the budding of Aaron's rod; xvii. : the mifhehaviour of Mofes and Aaron when the
people murmured at Kadefti ; refufal of a paffage by the Edomites ; and the death of Miriam and Aaron ; xx. : the viblory
over Arad ; plague of fiery ferpents, and cure of their bites ; conqueft and divifton ofthe kingdoms ofSihon and Og ; xxi. xxxii. :
the repeated attempts of Balak and Balaam to curfe the Ifraelites, and God's defeating of them; xxii — xxiv. : the enticement
of the Ifraelites to whoredom and idolatry by Midianitifh women, and the revenge thereof in the death of twenty-four thoufand
Ifraelites, and the almoft utter deftrutlion of the Midianites; xxv. xxxi. : a third numeration of the Ifraelites; xxvi. : a re-
hearfal of their journies ; xxxiii. : a delineation of their territory in Canaan, and an appointment of twelve princes to divide
it -, xxxiv. (2) With thefe narratives is intermingled a variety of laws concerning the ejection of unclean perfons from the
camp; fufipicions of wives for adultery, v.; Nazaritefhip, priefts' bleffing the people, vi. ; lighting of facred lamps, viii. 5
obfervance of the paffover in the fecond month, ix. ; making and blowing of filver trumpets, x. ; and concerning meat-offer
ings, drink-offerings, heave-offerings, fin-offerings, ftoning for breach of the fabbath, fringes on the borders of their garments,
-xv.; facred portion of the priefts and Levites, xviii.; purification by the afhes ofthe red heifer, xix.; inheritance, and mar
riage of heireffes, xxvii. xxxvi.; oblations at facred feftivals, xxviii. xxix. ; vows, xxx. ; manflayers, and cities of refuge,

xxxv.

, Before Chrift
1490.

-< Exod. 19. 1. ch. IO.
II, 12.
b Excd. 25. 22. Lev.

CHAP. I.
The Ifraelites had been numbered a few months before,
when the ranfom-money was coUeiled for the fervice
ofthe tabernacle; Exod. xxxviii. 26. Now (1)
Mofes, Aaron, and the twelve princes of their tribes,
are appointed of God to number them again, in order
to rank them into proper divifions in their camp, to
dlftinguifh them from others, and to manifeft God's
fulfilment of his promifes to the patriarchs in the mul
tiplication of their feed; I — 16. (2) The number
of fighting men in every tribe, and the fium of the
whole, are ftated; 17 — 46. (3) The Levites are
not numbered among them, as they were not to fight
but to ferve at the tabernacle ; 47 — 54-
N D the Lord fpake unto Mofes
in a the wildernefs of Sinai, b in
congrega-

c 1 Kin. 6. 1. ch. 10. tlOD,

the tabernacle of the
on the the firft day of the

lecond

Before Chrift
1490.

month, in the fecond year after they
were come out of the land of Egypt,
faying, 2 d Take ye the fum of all the congre- ^^f zt.lt
gation of the children of Ifrael, after their 64^|Vchrm2,.
families, by the houfe of their fathers,
with the number of their names, every
male by their polls ;
3 From twenty years old and upward,
all that are c able to go forth to war in cf,±lD%9M-
Ifrael : thou and Aaron fhall number them n.%^1'
by their armies.
4 And with you there fhall be fa man ".^^'j5' ^
of every tribe ; every one head of the ff°i±%i:l%.
houfe of his fathers. m& lC x'n'
5 ^1 And thefe are the names of the

Chief princes who numbered.

CHAP. I,

'the numbers cf

Before Chrift
149°-
gCh.2-3— II- &7-
io— 83. & 10. 14
—27. & 34. 18 —
28. with Gen. 29.
32—35. & 30. 5—
20. & 35. 17 — 26.
& 46. 8-24. &
xlix. Exod. I. 2—
5. Deut. xxxiii.
Rev. 7. 4—3.
h Ruth 4. 26. 1 Chr.
z. 10, 11. Mat. 1.
4. Luke 3. 32.

men that fliall ftarid with you : s Of the
tribe of Reuben ; Elizur the fon of She-
deur. 6 Of Simeon; Shelumiel the fon of
Zurifhaddai. 7 Of Judah ; h Nahfhon the fon of
Amminadab. 8 Of Iflachar ; Nethaneel the fon of
Zuar. 9 Of Zebulun ; Eliab the fon of Helon.
10 Of the children of Jofeph : of
Ephraim ; Elifhama the fon of Ammihud

Gamaliel

the

fon of Pe-

I Or ital, ch. 2. 14.

ICh. 2. 3— 31. 8c-].
10—83. 8c 10. 14
—27. ch. 16. 2. &
26. 9. '8c 11. 17.
- Exod.18. 21. Judg.
6. 15. Mic. 5. 2.
1 Chr. 27. 16—22.
lVer. j— 15.

n Ver, 2. ch. 26. I,
2. with 2 Sam. 24.

nCh.2. io,ti. &26.
5—7. with G;n.
46.9..

of Manafleh ;
dahzur. 1 1 Of Benjamin ; Abidan the fon of
Gideoni. 12 Of Dan ; Ahiezer the fon of Am-
mifhaddai. 13 Of Afher ; Pagiel the fon of Ocran.
14 Of Gad ; Eliafaph the fon of
1 Deuel. 15 Of Naphtali; Ahira the fon of
Enan. 16 Thefe were the k renowned of the
congregation, princes ofthe trihes of their
fathers, heads of thoufands in Ifrael.
1 7 % And Mofes and Aaron took 1 thefe
men which are exprefled by their names :
1 8 And they affembled all the congre
gation together on the firft day of the
fecond month, and they declared their
pedigrees after their families, by the houfe
of their fathers, according to the number
ofthe names, from twenty years old and
upward, by their polls.
19 m As the Lord commanded Mofes,
fo he numbered them in the wildernefs of
Sinai. children of Reuben,
by their generations,
by the houfe of their
number of the

20 «ff And the
Ifrael's eldeft fon,
after their families.
fathers,

• Ol.2.I2,I3.f.'26. 1 — 14. with Gel.
46. 10.

according to the
names, by their polls, every male from
twenty years old and upward, all that
were able to go forth to war;
2 1 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Reuben, were forty
and fix thoufand and five hundred.
22 % Of the ° children of Simeon, by

'each tribe. -
Belorc- Chrift
1490.

p Ch. 2. 14,15. 8c z6.
1; — i8.|witb.Geii.
46. 16.

q Ch. 2. 3, 4. 8c 26.
19 — 22. z Sam. 14.
9. 2 Chr. 17. 14 —
16. with Gen. 49, No

8. 4: 46. 12.
tribe was fo nu
merous.

the houfe of their fiithers, thofe that were
numbered of them, according to the
number of the names, by their polls,
every male from twenty years old and
upward, all that were able to go forth to
war; 23 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Simeon, were fifty
and nine thoufand and three hundred.
24 % Of the p children of Gad, by their
generations, after their families, by the
houfe of their fathers, according to the
number of the names, from twenty years
old and upward, all that were able to go
forth to war;
25 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Gad, were forty and
five thoufand fix hundred and fifty.
26 f Of the 1 children ofjudah, by
their generations, after their families, by
the houfe of their fathers, according to
the number of the names, from twenty
years old and upward, all that were able
to go forth to war ;
27 Thofe that were numbered of them,.
even of the tribe ofjudah, were threefcore
and fourteen thoufand and fix hundred.
28 ffOfthe ' children of Iflachar, by *ch. 2.5,6. &26.23
, . " . r , . - ... . J —2?. with Gen.
their generations, after their families, by
the houfe of their fathers, according to
the number of the names, from twenty
years old and upward, all that were able
to go forth to war ;
29 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Iflachar, were fifty
and four thoufand and four hundred.
30 ^[ Ofthe s children of Zebulun, by
their generations, after their families, by
the houfe of their fathers, according to
the number of the names, from twenty
years old and upward, all that were able
fo go forth to war;
31 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Zebulun, were fifty
and feven thoufand and four hundred.
32 ^[Of the children of Jofeph, namely,
of the 'children of Ephraim, by their tC^

-25. with Gen. "
46. 13.

s Ch. 2. •ji'ti. &¦ 26.
26, 27. with-Gen. -
46. 14.

after their families, by, the
houfe of their fathers, according to the

generations,

their generations, after their families, by j number of the names, from twenty years

7. "whh i_.cn.
4-' 79. 2:>. & 4b.
2.:. This ir.hu \.as
mare munci<>us
a"d honoured
lh?.:i Lh.it ns'lvli-
nafieh. .

Mofes and the princes number

NUMBERS.

the tribes of Ifrael.

Before Chrill
1490.

Ti^ b. 1. 20,21. 8cz6.
28— 34. wi'.KGen.
48. 19, 20. Sc 46.

xCh.2. 21,23. & 26.
38--41. a Chr. 17.
17, 18. with Gen.
<6. 21.

y Ch. 2. 25,26. &26.
42, 43. with Gen,
46. 23.

2 Ch. Z. 27,28. & 16.
44—47. with Gen.
46.27.

aCh. 2.29,30. &26.
4^—50. with Gen,
40. 24.

old and upward, all that were able to go
forth to war ;
33 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Ephraim, were forty
thoufand and five- hundred.
34 % Of the u children of Manafleh,
by their generations, after their families,
by the houfe of their fathers j according
to the number ofthe names, from twenty
years old and upward, all that were able
to go forth to war ;
25 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Manafleh, were thirty
and two thoufand and two hundred.
36 % Of the x children of Benjamin, by
their generations, after their families, by
the houfe of their fathers, according to
the number of the names, from twenty
years old and upward, all that were able
to go forth to war ;
37 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Benjamin, were thirty
and five thoufand and four hundred.
38 % Of the y children of Dan, by their
generations, after their families, by the
houfe of their fathers, according to the
number of the names, from twenty years
old and upward, all that were able to go
forth to war; ¦
39 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Dan, were threefcore
and two thoufand and feven hundred.
40 ^[ Of the l children of Afher, by
their generations, after their families, by
the houfe of their fathers, according to
the number of the names, from twenty
years old and upward, all that were able
to go forth to war ;
41 Thofe that were numbered of them,
even of the tribe of Afher, were forty and
one thoufand and fiv'e hundred.
42 % Of the " children of Naphtali,
throughout their generations, after their
¦families, by the houfe of their fathers,
according to the. number of the names,
from twenty years old and upward, all
that were able to go forth to war;
43 Thofe that were numbered of them,

Refj.ections upon Chap. I. — In this numbered people I dif
cern the true Ifrael of God, numerous as the fand by the fea-fhore;

even of the tribe of Naphtali, were fifty
and three thoufand and four hundred.
44 5[ Thefe are thofe that were num
bered, which Mofes andAaron numbered,
andthe princes of Ifrael, being twelve men :
each one was for the houfe of his fathers.
45 So were all thofe that were num
bered of the children of Ifrael, by the
houfe of 'their fathers, from, twenty years
old and upward, all that were able to go
forth to war in Ifrael ;
46 Even all they that were numbered
were b fix hundred thoufand and three
thoufand and five hundred and fifty.
47 ^[ But the c Levites after the tribe
of their fathers were not numbered among
them. 48 For the Lord had fpoken unto
Mofes, faying,
49 Only thou flialt not number the
tribe of Levi, neither take the fum of
them among the children of Ifrael :
50 But thou fhalt appoint the Levites
dover the tabernacle of teftimony, and
over all the veflels thereof, and over all
things that belong to it : they fhall bear the
tabernacle, and all the veffels thereof;
and they fhall minifter unto it, and fhall
encamp round about the tabernacle.
51 And cwhen the tabernacle fetteth
forward the Levites fhall take it down :
and when the tabernacle is to be pitched
the Levites fhall fet it up : and f the
ftranger that Cometh nigh fhall be put to
death. 52 And the children of Ifrael fliall
s pitch their tents, every man by his own
camp, and every man by his own ftand-
ard, throughout their hofts.
53 But the Levites fhall h pitch round
about the tabernacle of teftimony; that
there be no wrath upon the congregation
of the children of Ifrael : and the Levites
fliall keep the charge of the tabernacle of
the teftimony.
54 And the children of Ifrael did * ac
cording to all that the Lord commanded
Moles, fo did they.

Before Chrift
1490.

bCh.2.i£.&?,j,,aj & 26. 5T. Exod.
12. 37. & JS. Zfj.
iChr. ai.c.zSam.
24. 9. 2 Chr. 13. j.
& 17. 14—19.
Deut. 10. 22.
r Kin. 4, 20. Heb.
ir. 11, 12. with
Gen. 12. 2. & 3?,
16.&15.5.&17.
6. &22. I7.-&26,
3.&2U. 14. &40.
3,4. Rev. 7. 4— 9.
c Ver. jj^ 50. ch. iii.
iv. viii. Sc 26. C7
— 6a. iChr.vi. &
21.6,

d Exod. 31.18. &$.-
ai.ch. j.i— 10.&
iv. It is called the
tabernacle nftffi-
mtmj) becaufe it
contained God's
1-ws, and was a
teftimony of rela
tion and fellow
ship between God
and Ifrael.

eCh.4. 5— 3j.&tti
zi, 17,21.,

PEvcry one not a
Levite, ch. 16.4a.
Lev. 22. ic — 13.
2 Sam. 6. 7. 1 Sara.
6.19. ch. 3. 10, j8,
& iS. 22.

gCh. ii. x.

h Ver. 51. ch. 3. 7.
& iS. 3. 2 Tim.
4. 2. 1 Tim, 4.
1 5 — 16. Afls ic.
a«, 31.

iMat. 28. 2?. Pc'It.
31. 32. Exad. 51},
32,43. &40. to-—
3^. 1 Sam. 15. zzt
Exoil. 23. ai, 22.

all numbered of Jefus, and written in his boo'c of life ; all under his
government and laws, declared by his prophets and apoftles ; all

How the Hebrews were

CHAR II.

flattened In their cawp.

Before Chrift
-1490.

aCh.1.51. iCor.i4,
33, 40. Phil. 1.27
.-CoJ. 2,5.19. Ezek.
43. 7, Pf. 76. 11.
Rev. 4. 2—4.
* Heb. over again/?.

¦bOen. 49rS— 10. fife,
ic. 14—16. & I.
aG — 31. & 26. 19

-cCh. t. 28,29. & 10.
ij. &z6. 23—25.

¦dCh.i. 30, 31. & to,
16. & 26. 26, 27.

C H A P. II.
Contains (i) The divine -appointment for marfhalling
the numbered Ifraelites into four fquadron's of three
tribes each, to pitch their camps round about the ta
bernacle of God as their centre; I, 2, 17: viz. (1)
The tribes of Judah, Iffachar, and Zebulun, in the
vanguard or front, on the eaft of the tabernacle ;
3—9. (2) The tribes of Reuben, Simeon, and
Gad, on the right wing, fouthward of the taber
nacle ; 10 — 16. (3) The tribes of Ephraim, Ma
naffeh, and Benjamin, in the rear, weftward behind
the tabernacle ; 18 — 24. (4) Thofe of Dan, Afher,
and Naphtali, in the left wing, on the north fide
of the tabernacle; 25 — 31. (2) It contains the
Ifraelites' ready obedience to God's appointments;
32—34-
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
2 a Every man of the children of Ifrael
fhall pitch by his own ftandard, with the
enfign of their father's houfe : * far off
about the tabernacle of the congregation
fhall they pitch.
3 % And b on the eaft fide toward the
rifing of the fun fhall they of the ftand
ard of the camp of Judah pitch through
out their armies : and Nahflion the fon
of Amminadab fhall be captain of the
children of Judah.
. 4 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were threefcore and
fourteen thoufand and fix hundred.
5 c And thofe that do pitch next unto
him fhall be the tribe of Iflachar : and
Nethaneel the fon of Zuar fhall be captain
of the children of Iflachar.
6 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered thereof, were fifty and four
thoufand and four, hundred.
7 d 'Then the tribe of Zebulun : and

Eliab the fon of Helon fhall be captain of
the children of Zebulun.
8 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered thereof, were fifty and feven
thoufand and four hundred.
9 All that were numbered in the camp
of Judah were an hundred thoufand and
fourfcore thoufand and fix thoufand and
four hundred, throughout their armies.
Thefe fhall firft fet forth.
10 % On the e fouth fide fhall be the
ftandard ofthe camp of Reuben, accord
ing to their armies : and the captain of
the children of Reuben fhall be Elizur the
fon of Shedeur.
1 1 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered thereof, were forty and fix
thoufand and five hundred.
f And thofe which pitch by him

Before Chri 1
I49c.

e Ch. T. ZO — le . Sc
10. ii— to 8c zls.

12

fCh. r. 22,23. &-tc-.
19. & 26. 12—14.

fhall be the tribe of Simeon : and the
captain ofthe children of Simeon fhall be
Shelumiel the fon of Zurifhaddai.
13 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were fifty and nine
thoufand and three hundred.
14 s Then the tribe of Gad: and the ^.VfefVs-S
captain of the fons of Gad fhall be Elia-
faph the fon of h Reuel. hOriw,d>.i.i4.
r ..... o t 1 r 1 & 7-42.47- & I-.
1 5 And his hoft, and thofe that were 2°-
numbered of them, were forty and five
thoufand and fix hundred and fifty.
1 6 All that were numbered in the camp
of Reuben were an hundred thoufand
and fifty and one thoufand and four
hundred and fifty, throughout their
armies. And they fhall fet forth in the
fecond rank.

ranked in goodly order in their refpeSive generations, for the
wars of the Lord; and all honourably diftinguifhed from the
world, that lieth in wickednefs, and from the mixed multi
tude of hypocrites. Here likewife f may obferve that mini
fters and magiftrates ought to take heed to -every one of the
flocks over whom the Lord hath made them overfeers: that,
the more honour any one hath conferred upon him, the more ac
tive he ought to be in well-doing, according to his ftation; and to
do without delay whatever the Lord requires of him. When I fee
the numbers of the refpe£tive tribes fo little proportioned to their
families at their entrance into Egypt, about two hundred and fif
teen years before, I cannot but think how little even outward
things go by common probabilities, and how unliable all created
comforts are. When I read the fum total, f fee how truly and mar-
velloufly God, in a few years, fulfilled his promifes in multiplying
Vol. I.

the patriarchs' pofterity, notwithftanding all that the Egyptians
could do to diminifh them. Who likewife but muft admire the
liberal kindnefs of God, in forty years' miraculous maintenance of
fuch multitudes of finners; while he difcerns the deftruifliye na
ture of fin, which, in forty years, buried them all but two in the
earth, and moft of them in hell! When I fee the Levites diftin
guifhed from the reft, let me think how honourably God rewarded
their honeft zeal againft the worfhippers of the golden calf; and
that minifters ought to be more holy than ordinary faints, to exert
themfelves to the utmoft to prevent the fins of others ; and that,
though they are not to entangle themfelves in worldly bufinefs, or
in intimacy with carnal men, yet they are not to be idle, but fpi
ritual, foldiers of Chrift, fet for the defence of his church and
gofpei.
Dd

The order of the

NUMBERS.

Ifraelites1 encampment.

' Then the tabernacle of the

Before Chrift
].490. I /
r7r~r~7"~ congregation fhall fet forward with the
J4. ep.dli.zfs.' camp of the Levites in the midft of the
camp: as they encamp, fo fhall they fet
forward, every man in his place by their
ftandards.
y^f-SffJt 1 8 % k On the weft fide fhall be the
»¦ ' ' ftandard of the camp of Ephraim ac
cording to their armies : and the captain
of the fons of Ephraim fhall be Elifhama
the fon of Ammihud.
i 19 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were forty thoufand
and five hundred.

Before Chrift,
1490.

20 'And by him fhall be the tribe of

ICh. r. 34, 35. &10.

Manafleh : and the captain of the children
of Manafleh fhall be Gamaliel the fon of
Pedahzur. 21 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were thirty and two
thoufand and two hundred.
m,oh2^l6265.738- 22 m Then the tribe of Benjamin : and
the captain of the fons of Benjamin fhall
he Abidan the fon of Gideoni.
23 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were thirty and five
thoufand and four hundred.
24 All that were numbered of the
camp of Ephraim were an hundred
thoufand and eight thoufand and an
hundred, throughout their armies. And
they fhall go forward in the third
rank.
*™:l£-.tl 25 f n The ftandard of the camp of
Dan fhall be on the north fide by their
armies : and the captain of the children
of Dan fhall be Ahiezer the fon of Ammi-
fhaddai. 26 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were threefcore and
two thoufand and feven hundred.
'^L'&^fiM^'. 27 ° And thofe that encamp by him
fhall be the tribe of Afher : and the cap

tain of the children of Afher fhall be Pa-
giel the fon of Ocran.
28 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were forty and one
thoufand and five hundred. pa.,.*,,.**
¦ 29 p Then the tribe of Naphtali : and 'f&ftil^
the captain of the children of Naphtali SoFjSl,"
..-I- 1 r r -ti ' concubines,an(Pf»
fhall be Ahira the fon of Jinan. . lofs honourable,
30 And his hoft, and thofe that were
numbered of them, were fifty and three
thoufand and four hundreds
31 All they that were numbered in the
camp of Dan were an hundred thoufand
and fifty and feven thoufand and fix
hundred. They fhall go hindmoft with
their ftandards.
32 f 1 Thefe are thofe which were <>|"LV^J-
numbered of the children of Ifrael by the ttdi^Jfc
J add the Levites,
houfe of their fathers : all thofe that were agGT
numbered ofthe camps throughout their Ir^Ti^m"'"
hofts were fix hundred thoufand and three ^f0b"es£sIf^:
thoufand and five hundred and fifty. «&•»*.«**
22 But the Levites were not numbered
among the children of Ifrael; as the-
Lord commanded Mofes.
34 And the children of Ifrael did ' ac
cording to all that the Lord commanded
Mofes : fo they s pitched by their ftand- s ^»*&h*j«
aids, and fo they fet forward, every one *<$;16-ph
after their families, according to the houfe
of their fathers. C HAP. III.
¦Contains ( I ) A. genealogy of the priefts and Levites ;
I — 4, 17 — 20. (2) God's donation of the Levites
to Aaron and his prieftly offspring, as their affiftants,
inftead of the firft-born of Ifrael, whom he' had
claimed as his property at the departure from Egypt
(Bfcod. xiii.); 5 — 13. (3) The numbering of
the male Levites from a month old and upwards, and
the fiations and charge affigned to their different fa
milies ; the Gcrfhonites to pitch juft behind the taber
nacle weftward, and to take care of the curtains and
coverings; 14 — 26: The Kohathites to pitch on the
fouth fide ; and to have charge ofthe ark, table, can
dleftick, altars, and other facred utenfils ; 27 — 32.

r Exod. 23. 21, 22,
& 5* 41. W. 119k
6. Luke 1. 6.

Cor. 14. 33,40.

Reflections upon- Chap. II. — What a God of order is our
God in all the churches ! With unreferved fubmiffion ought we to
refer to him the choice of our inheritance for us, and the fixing of
the bounds of our habitation. Our life on earth is a moveable as
well as warlike condition. Here we have no continuing city; let
us feek-for one to come, which hath foundations, and whofe builder
and maker is God. But furely it is an high honour to have the
.prefence and ordinances of God amongft us here below. Happy

are all his ranfomed tribes ; they have equal accefs to him ; they
are all fo marfhalled in the church as beft anfwers their abilities ;
and have God's tabernacle and ordinances placed among them..
And it is pleafant and amiable when magiftrates, and -every one be
fide in their ftations, become protectors and encouragers' of the
church; and when every thing, both in church and ftate, is regu
lated exactly according to the command of God.

'the "Levites affigned to God.

Before Chrift
1490.

The Merarites on the north fide ; and- to take
care of the boards and bars of the tabernacle ; 33 —
37 : and Mofes and the priefts to pitch eaftward at
the door of the tabernacle ; 30,39. (4.) The aclual
exchange of the Levites for the firft-born, and the
redemption of the fiupernumerary firft-born with
money; 40 — 51.

CHAP. III.
inftead of

infiead of thef rf -bom Hebrews.

* Hiftorical account
of their tribe,
Gen. 2. 4. 8c 5. I.
8c 10. I.Mat. 1. 1.
Aaron is here put
before Mofes, on
account of the
Krieltly dignity of
imfelf and his
pofterity, while
thofe of Mofes
were but conimon
Levites,

generations of

THESE alfo are the
Aaron and Mofes in the day that
the Lord fpake with Mofes in mount
Sinai. 2 And thefe are b the names of the fons
of Aaron ; Nadab the firft-born, and
b Exod. 6. 23. ch. 26. .... „, 1 t 1
&. icur. 6. }. & Abihu, Lleazar, and Ithamar.
3 Thefe are the names of the fons of
Aaron, c the priefts which were- anointed,
"r whom he confecrated to minifter in the
prieft's office.
4 d And Nadab and Abihu died before
the Lord when they offered ftrange fire
before the Lord in the wildernefs of
Sinai, and they had no children : and
Eleazar and Ithamar miniftered in the
prieft's office in the fight of Aaron their
father. 5 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,

Before Chrift
14.90.

1 Ch. 8. 16, 17. Exod.
13. 2,12. 6:22.29.
8c 34. 19. Lev. 27.
26. Ezek. 44. 30.
Luke 2. 23. Heb.
12. 23.
m Exod. 12. 29, so.
&13. 15.
t Dedicated and fee
apart to my Jer,

c Exod. xxix. Lev.
viii. ix.
*Tieb. whofe band he
filed.

ti Lev. so.s.Sc 16. T
ch. 26. 61. ¦ Chr,
14. 2.

all the firft-born that openeth
the matrix anion g the children of Ifrael c
therefore the Levites fhall be mine ;
13 Becaufe ' all the firft-born are mine ;
for on the day that I m fmote all the firft-
born in the land of Egypt I hallowed
unto me all the firft-born in Ifrael, both
man and beaft : + mine fhall they be : I am
the Lord.
14 «f[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
in the wildernefs of Sinai, faying,
15 Number the children of Levi after
the houfe of their fathers, by their fami
lies : every male "from a month old and "^'fej'^ti
upward fhalt thou number them.
1 6 And Mofes numbered them accord
ing to the H word of the Lord, as he
was commanded.
7 ° And thefe were the fons of Levi ° i^i"'!**'.
1 ¦ ^ r, -t -er T r "' J8' * Chr- 6- '>

31. 3. Prov. S. 17,
Mark io. 14.
2 Tim. 3. 15.

II Heb. tnoutb.

Gerfhon, and Kohath,

, 16—19. & Ji-
5—23. &23. 6.
— 23. xxiv— x>:vu
ix. Neh. xi. xii.
Jofh. xxi.
p Exod. 6. 17. ver.
21. I Chr. 6.17,20,
21. & 23.7— n. &
25- h 39— 4J- &
15. 7. & 16. 5.

* Exod. 32. 26—29.
Deut. 33.8,9. ch.
I- 5°* S*-> Si- & *•

faying,

6 e Bring the tribe of Levi near, and
ss-sfliZztlc prefent them before Aaron the prieft, that
they may minifter unto him.
7 And they fliall keep his charge, and
the charge of the whole congregation be
fore the tabernacle of the congregation,
to do the fervice of the tabernacle.
^dlictd^z 8 And tneJ mau keeP f all the inftru-
-£"£'*, ti' ments of the tabernacle ofthe congrega-
Sx.«r.rT,'i<>, tion, and the charge of the children of
4-32. ' Iftael, to do the fervice of the taber
nacle. 9 s And
unto Aaron
wholly _
dren of Ifrael
10 And thou fhalt appoint Aaron and
his fons, and they h fhall wait on their
prieft's office : and ' the ftranger that
"*"n?,n£ cometh nigh fhall be put to death

by their names
and Merari.
1 8 p And thefe are the names ofthe fons
of Gerfhon by their families ; Libni, and
Shimei. 1 9 q And the fons of Kohath by their
families; Amram, and Izeharj Hebron, Tz-^'^Tvk J J. ;,S— io,"i7_
21. CC 23. 12 — 2Q.
xxii. 8c 25. 4.
xxvi. 8ct). 10 — 22.
Neh. 12. I — 26.
Cire ' Exod. 6. 19. ver.
33. I Chr. 6. 19,
44—17- & 15- 6.
8c 23, 21 — 23. &
24. 27—30, & 2J.
3-

q Exnd. 6. 18. ver.

g Ch. 8. 19. 8c sZ
-6.

thou fhalt
and to his

give

given unto him out

the Levites
fons : they are
of the chil-

h Ezek. 44. 8. ch. 18.
7. Roin. 12. 7, S.
1 Jim. 4, 13, 15.
2 Tim. 4. 2.

the -work
|^5.8.|te. 1 1 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
^Lev.'L6- faying, ,
kch.s.I6,r8.&i8, I2 -And I, behold, I have k taken the1
Levites from among the children of Ifrael*

and Uzziel
20 r And the fons of Merari by their
families ; Mahli, and Mufhi. Thefe
the families of the Levites according to
the houfe of their fathers.
2 1. s Of Gerfhon was the family of the
Libnites, and the family of the Shimites :
thefe are the families of the Gerfhonites.
22 Thofe that were numbered of them,
according to the number of all the males,
from a month old and upward, even thofe
that were numbered of them were feven.
thoufand and five hundred.
23 The families ofthe Gerfhonites fhall
'pitch behind the tabernacle weftward.
24 And the chief of the houfe of the
father ofthe Gerfhonites fhall be Eliafaph
the fon of Lael.
25 And " the charge of the fons
Gerfhon, in the tabernacle of the congre
gation, fhall be the tabernacle, and the
tent*' the covering thereof, and the hang
ing for the door of the tabernacle of the
congregation, Dd 2

s See ver, iS.

tCh.a.il.

of u Ch. 4. $4^-28. &
10. 17. & 7. 7.
Exod. 26. I, 7, 14,
36. & 27.9 — 16.Se
36. 8-19, 37? 38.
arjS.o— 18.&31.
7. &35« ll. &39«
34—40.

The particular charges of

N U MBE'R S.

Before Chrifl
1490.

y Ch. 2. 10.

% Ch. 4. 14—16. &
ic, 21. Exod. xxv.
xxvi. xxxi —
xxxv. xxxvii.
38.1—8. &j6. 35,

26 And the hangings of the court, and ,
the curtain for the door of the court,
which is by the tabernacle and by the
altar round about, and the cords of it for
all the fervice thereof.
x sec ver. 19. 27 5F x And of Kohath was the family
of the Amramites, and the family ofthe
Izeharites, and the family of the Hebron-
ites, and the family of the Uzziel-
ites : thefe are the families of the Ko-
hathites. 28 In the number of all the males,
from a month old and upward, were eight
thoufand and fix hundred, keeping the
charge of the fanctuary.
29 The families of the fons of Kohath
fhall y pitch on- the fide of the tabernacle
fouthward. 30 And the chief of the houfe of the
father of the families of the Kohathites
fhall be Elizaphan the fon of Uzziel.
31 And * their charge fhall be the ark,
& and the table, and the candleftick, and
&'*?cJr:&' the altars, andthe veflels.of the fandtuary
39-3j^4^ja & wherewith they minifter, and the hang
ing, and all the fervice thereof.
> ch. 4. ,6. 1 Kin. «2 And "Eleazar the fon of Aaron the
7.$. io. 1 t-lir. 9. ^j
todJu^priSg prieft fhall be chief over the chief of the
iSyre^e^ft1^ Levites, and have the overfight of them
that keep jthe charge of the fan&uary.
22 % Of Merari was the family of the
Mahlites, and the family of the Mufhites :
thefe are the families of Merari.
34 And thofe that were numbered of
them, according to the number of all the
__ males from a month old and upward,
were fix thoufand and two hundred.
25 And the chief of the houfe ofthe
father ofthe families of Merari was Zuriel
the fon of Abihail : thefe fhall pitch on
kc-n.2.15- the fide of the tabernacle b northward.
*to*£t*>iffi<"fn>' ^ 6 And § c under the cuftody and charge
cch.|i29-y.&7:.of the fons of Merari fhall be the boards of
^;^'|j7j5-& the tabernacle, and the bars, thereof, and
"' the pillars thereof, and the fockets thereof,
and all the veffels thereof,, and all that
ferveth thereto,
37 And the pillars of the court round
about, and their fockets, and their pins,
and their cords.

10—10. 8c 35. H,
18, & 39. 33.

e See ver, 10.

the: three Levitical families
38 f But thofe that encamp before the **%£?*
tabernacle toward the eaft, d even before d-a..*... ¦-
the tabernacle of the congregation eaft
ward, fhall be Mofes, and Aaron and his
fons, e keeping the charge of the fanc
tuary for the charge of the children of
Ifrael : and the ftranger that cometh nigh
fhall be put to death.
39 fAll that were numbered of the f-!££ta,*+
Levites, which Mofes and Aaron num
bered at the commandment ofthe Lord,
throughout their families, all the males
from a month old and upward, « were 'SEffefSTSf
! , , r 1 firft-born ofthe
twenty and two thoufand. i*«t«, wwa
_ . _ r made three hun-
40 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes, .*f(»<«. ¦*•*!,
h Number all the firft-born of the males hiTim.^.Luk*
of the children of Ifrael from a month l^-f%jfl\
old and upward, and take the number of ^-.a-M-s-
their names.
41 And 'l thou fhalt take the Levites iviri!Uctlzi
for me (I am the Lord) inftead of all t^ultSizt
the firft-born among the children of
Ifrael ; and the cattle of the Levites in
ftead of all the firftlings among the cattle
of the children of Ifrael.
42 And Mofes numbered, as the
Lord commanded him* all the firft-born
among the children of Ifrael.
43 And all the firft-born males, by the
number of names from a month old and
upward, of thofe that were numbered of
them, were T twenty and two thoufand + f^f ™?S*£
two hundred and threefcore and thirteen. LevifeT^mfe-
44 5T And the Lord fpake unto Mofes, j™$*^>?
faying, A^v""'
45 Take the. Levites inftead of all the
firft-born among the children of Ifrael,
and the cattle of the Levites inftead of
their cattle ; and the Levites fhall be
mine : I am the Lord.
46 And for thofe that are to be redeem
ed of the two hundred and threefcore and
thirteen of the firft-born of the children
of Ifrael, which are more than the Le- .
vites ;
47 Thou fhalt even take k five fhekels *£$&&£»¦
apiece by the poll ; after the fhekel of the ,^d" ^i„.
fan&uary fhalt thou take them: 1 (the £jJ£$'£™6''
fhekel is twenty gerahs:) habi?pcn%rnre
48 And thou fhalt give the money,

Firft-born Hebrews exchanged for Levites. CHAP. IV.

Service of Levites appointed.

Before Chrift
1490.

m 1;;!. 14s. Tit. 2
14. Heb. 9. 12.
I Tim. 2. 5, 6,
Mat. 20. 28. 1 Pet
1. 18, 19. 8c 3. 18

nCh. 16.15. A£ts 20
33. I Cor. 4
I Pet. J. l.

wherewith the odd number of them is to
be redeemed, unto Aaron and to his fons.
49 And Mofes took the redemption-
money of them that were over and above
them that were redeemed by the Le
vites ;
50 Of the firft-born of the children of
Ifrael took he 'the money ; ra a thoufand
three hundred and threefcore and five
Jhekels, after the fhekel of the fanftuary :
5 1 And Mofes. n gave the money of
them that were redeemed unto Aaron
and to his fons, according to the word
of the Lord, as the Lord commanded
Mofes.

CHAP. IV.
Contains ( 1 ) The appointment of God for muft'ering
all the ferviceable men of the tribe of Levi from
thirty to fifty years of age ; for their bearing of their

i Ch. 8. 24—10.
1 Chr.' 28. 13. &
23. 24—27. Luke
2. 23. 1 Tim. 3. 6.
They became pro
bationers at twen
ty-five years of
age j and after
fifty they might
Sflift as they were
able. David made
them to begin at
twenty years of
age.
klf.61. 1— 4. 2 Cor.
10. 4, 5. Eph. 6.
10—18. Gal. j. 17,
24.Rom.7.i4— 24.
c 1 Chr. 23. 4, j, 28
— 32.&xxvi.John
4. 14. ITim.}. 1.
Phil. 2. 12, 13.
dExod. 40, 3. 8c 16.
Jl-34. & 39- 35-
Ic 37. 1_g.

which, being moft holy, was all, except perhaps the
hrazen laver, to be covered, and not to be touched by
them under pain of death ; I — 20 : of the Gerfho
nites and their charge ; 21 — 28: and of the Mera-
rites and their charge; 29 — 33. (2) The attual
numbering of them in obedience to this command> with
the particular and total fums ; 34—49.
AN D the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
2 Take the fum of the fons of Kohath
from among the fons of Levi, after their
families, by the houfe of their fathers,
3 From a thirty years old and upward
even until fifty years old, all that enter
into the b hoft to do the c work in the
tabernacle of the congregation.
4 This fhall be the fervice of the fons
of Kohath in the tabernacle of the con
gregation, about the moft holy things.
5 % And when the camp fetteth forward
Aaron fhall come, and his fons, and they
fhall take down ; the d covering vail, and
cover the ark of teftimony with it :

Before Ch'ift
1490.

,, sc — 16. &
39 36 & 40. 4,22.
Lev. 24. 5—8.

f Or four out.
C Whichw:i= always
on the taiile,
Lev. 24. 8. ¦

h Not the covering
or" the tabernacje,
ver.fj, 10—14,25.

1 Exod. 25. 31—30
.'.- 37- 17— 34- cc
39. 37. & 40. 4, 24

6 And fliall put thereon the covering
of badgers' fkins, and fhall fpread over it —
a cloth wholly of blue, and fhall "put in «***•**•»«.«•
the ftaves thereof.
7 And upon the f table of fhew-bread fE£fj.
they fhall fpread a cloth of blue, and put.
thereon the difhes, and the fpoons, and
the howls, and covers to + cover withal:
and the s continual bread fliall be thereon :
8 And they fhall fpread upon them a
cloth of fcarlet, and cover the fame, with
a h covering of badgers' fkins, and fhall
put in the ftaves thereof:
9 And they fhall take a cloth of blue,
and cover the ' candleftick of the light,
and his lamps, and his tongs, and his
fnuff-difhes, and all the oil-veffels thereof,
wherewith they minifter unto it :
10 And they fhall put it and all the
vefiels thereof, within a covering of bad
gers' fkins, and fhall put it upon a bar.
1 1 And upon k the golden altar they
fhall fpread a cloth of blue, and cover
it with a covering of badgers' fkins, and
fhall put to the ftaves thereof:
1 2 And they fhall take all the x inftru,-
ments of miniftry, wherewith they mi
nifter in the fancfuary, and put them in
a cloth of blue, and cover them with a
covering of badgers' fkins, and' fhall put
them on a bar :
13. And they fhall take away the afhes
from the altar, and fpread a purple cloth
thereon :
1 4 And they fhall put upon it m all the m3E8*°f.
veffels thereof, wherewith they minifter
about it, even the cenfers, the flefh-hooks,
and the fhovels, and the § bafons, all the * °' l'wl-
veffels of the altar ; and they fhall fpread
upon it a covering of badgers' fkins, and
put to the ftaves of it.
1 5 And when Aaron and his fons have
made an end of n covering the fandtiiary, n glJV6^ 2ft

k Exod. 30. 1 — -9.
8c i--. 25 — 18. £r
39. 38. & 40. 5, 26,
27.

I Sacred garments,
&c. Exod, 31. ira,
2If.in.-25. 14, 15,
ver. 7, 9.

I— 6. &

Reflections upon Chap. ill. — I blefs the Lord, who made
an exchange of his only begotten Son for an elecl world of firft-
born men, and caufed him to redeem them with his hard fervice,
extending to the whole church, and all the concerns of it. But
let the awful puniftiment of fuch as have profaned the fervice of
God, as if it had been a common thing, excite me to the utmoft
reverence, care, and diligence, regulated by the divine command.
If my work be hard God will fupply me, with, proper help. If God
3

hath faved my life he hath a right to difpofe of me as he pleafes,
with refpeft to my ftation and work : and it is my duty cheer
fully to comply, whether my work be more or lefs hard or honour
able : but the greater the honour, the greater is the danger if I
miftake. And while I blefs God that he hath a tribe of minifters
and people, and lament that it is in general by far the fmalleft, let
me, with Mofes, fhew no ambition to have my own, family diftin
guifhed in honour, but only in hoiinefs and virtue.

Particular charge of the Levites

NUMBERS,

in bearing the tabernacle.

Before Chrift
I.490.

oCh. 3.3?. Exod. 19.
12. Heb. 12. 18.
2 Sam. 6. 6, 7.
x Sam. G. 19,

pCh.3.32. Exod.27.
50,21. & 30.23—
38. & 37.29. & 29.
40. Heb. 3. r, 6.
Luke 4.18. 1 Tim.
2. 5. 1 Pet. 2. 25.
A3s 20.28. 1 Cor.
4. I.

c\ '-'u.Ter them not to
iofi their life by
touching thc holy
th.ngs, Lev. 10. I.
2 Sim. 6. 6, 7.
1 jam. 6. 19. Exod.
19.21. ch. 16. 32.

1 See ver. 3.

5 Heb. to war the
nurf.,,:, If. 6;.
i — 4. 8z liii. Cr I.
4. 14. 1C0.-. IO.
4, 5. Eph. 6. ic —
to. Gal. 5. 17, 24.
Horn. 7. 14 — 24.

% Or carriage.
jCh.3. 25, 26. Exod.
26. 1— t.-, 36. &
27. '; — 16. & 36. 8
—19,37,38 &3«.
9 — 19. & 9. 34. 8c
40. 19.

and all the vefl'els of the fan&uary, as the
camp is to fet forward ; after that the
fons of Kohath fliall come to bear //: but
they fhall not ° touch any holy thing, left
they die. Thefe things are the burden of
the fons of Kohath in the tabernacle of
the congregation.
1 6 % And to the office of Eleazar, the
fon of Aaron the prieft, pertaineth p the
oil for the light, and the fweet incenfe,
and the daily meat-offering', and the
anointing oil, andthe overfight of all the
tabernacle, and of all that therein is, in
the fanctuary, and in the veffels thereof.
1 7 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
18 1 Cut ye not off the tribe of the fa
milies of the Kohathites from among the
Levites :
19 But this do unto them, that they
may live, and not die, when they approach
unto the moft holy things ; Aaron and
his fons fliall go in, and appoint them
every one to his fervice and to his burden :
20 But they fhall not. go in to fee when.
the holy things are covered, left they die.
2 1 5[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 22 Take alfo the fum of the fons of
Gerfhon, throughout the houfes of their
fathers, by their families ;
23 From r thirty years old and upward
until fifty years old fhalt thou number
them ; all that enter in 5 to perform the
fervice, to do the work in the tabernacle
of the congregation.
24 This is the fervice of the families
of the Gerfhonites, to ferve, and for
* burdens :
25 And they fliall bear ' the curtains
of thc tabernacle, and the tabernacle of
the congregation, his covering, and the
covering of the badgers' fkins that is
above upon it, and the hanging for the
door of the tabernacle of the congrega
tion, 26 And the hangings of the court, and
the hanging for the door of the gate of
the court, which is by the tabernacle
and by the altar round about, and their

Before Chri.f
1490.

ii Ver. 16, 33. Mat.
28. 18—20. 1 Cor.
11. 2, 23. 8c a. z.
Tit. 1. 5. 1 Tim.
1. 3. & 3. 1, 15.
8 Heb. rnxttb,

cords, and all the inftruments of their
fervice, and all that, is made for them : fo
fhall they ferve.
27 u At the 'I appointment of Aaron
and his fons fhall be all the fervice of the
fons of the Gerfhonites, in all their bur
dens and in all their fervice : and ve fhall
appoint unto them in charge all their
burdens. 28 This is the fervice of the families of
the fons of Gerfhon in the tabernacle of
the congregation : and their charge fhall
be under the hand of Ithamar the fon of
Aaron the prieft.
29 ^[ A5 for the fons of Merari, thou
fhalt number them after their families,
by the houfe of their fathers ;
30 From x thirty years old and upward x *« "«•;¦
even unto fifty years old fhalt thou num
ber them, every one that entereth into
the J fervice, to do the work ofthe taber

nacle of the congregation. charg

y Heb. warfare, IS
53. 2, 12." Pi. iio.
1 — 7. 2 Tim. 2. 4.
&4. 7, 8. 1 Tim.
6. 11, 12.

9 — 15. 8c 16. 20- .
34. & 35. 11,18. &
38. 10 — 20. 8c 39.
33,40. John 10. ja
28. Dc. 17. tt.

3 1 z And this is the charge of their
burden, according to all their fervice in 'S-'ii-j""*^:
o t 9—y *'
the tabernacle of the congregation ; the nfa
boards of the tabernacle, and the bars
thereof, and the pillars thereof, and the
fockets thereof,
32 And the pillars of the court round
about, and their fockets, and their pins,
and their cords, with all their inftruments,
and with all their fervice : and by name
ye fhall reckon the inftruments of the
charge of their burden.
22 This is the fervice of the families
of the fons of Merari, according to all
their fervice, in the tabernacle of the
congregation, under the hand of Ithamar
the fon of Aaron the prieft.
34 % And Mofes and Aaron, and the
chief of the congregation, numbered the
fons of the Kohathites after their fami
lies and after the houfe of their fathers ;
35 a From thirty years old and upward
even unto fifty years old, every one that
entereth into the fervice, for the work in
the tabernacle of -the congregation :
36 And thofe that were numbered of
them by their families were b two thou- bwi,bch'*
'and feven- hundred and fifty.

a Ver. j, 23, 30, 39,
43,47. withch. H.
24—26. I Chr. 28.
13. 8c 23. 24, 26,
27. Lake 3. 23.. '
1 tim. 3.6. ,

The number of the ferviceable

CHAP. IV. V.

Levites is taken.

Bei°4?°- ' 3 7 Thefe were they that were numbered
~ of the families of the Kohathites, all
that might do fervice in the tabernacle
of the congregation, which Mofes and
Aaron did number according to the com
mandment of the" Lord by the hand of
Mofes. 38 ^[ And thofe that were numbered
ofthe fons. of Gerfhon, throughout their
families, and by the houfe of their fa
thers, 39 From thirty years old and upward
even unto fifty years old, every one that
entereth into the fervice, for the work in
the tabernacle of the congregation :
40. Even thofe that were numbered of
them, throughout their families, by the
cwithch.j.2t. houfeg 0f their fathers, were c two thou
fand and fix hundred and thirty.
41 Thefe are they that were numbered
of the families of the fons of Gerfhon, of
all that might do fervice in the tabernacle
of the congregation,, whom Mofes and
Aaron did number according to the com
mandment ofthe Lord.
42 ^[And thofe that were numbered
of the families of the fons of Merari,
throughout their families, by the houfe
of their fathers ;
, 43 From thirty years old and upward
even unto fifty years old, every one that
entereth into the fervice, for the work in
the tabernacle of the congregation ;
44 Even thofe that were numbered of
*VVh*vv'h'oiiew4o'rk tnem5 after their families, were d three
wSe'moftnu'mer. thoufand and two hundred.

45 Thefe be thofe that were numbered

were moft numer
ous, and able-bo
died men, Deut.
33- 2£. 1 Cot. 10.
VcSMfsZ' of tne families of the fons of Merari,
whom Mofes and Aaron numbered ac
cording to the word of the Lord by the
hand of Mofes.

Ecio-e Chi ill
1490.

46 All thofe that were numbered of
the Levites, whom Mofes and Aaron and ~
the chief of Ifrael numbered, after their
families, and after the houfe of their fa
thers ;
47 From thirty years old and upward
even unto fifty years old, every one that
came to do the fervice of the miniftry,
and the fervice of the burden, in the
tabernacle ofthe congregation;
48 Even thofe that were numbered of
them, were c eight thoufand and five'S^'^,
hundred and fourfcore. • y^fz^ti
49 f According to the commandment of sctftt%f
the Lord they were numbered by the hand 4I'45'
of Mofes, g every one according to his fer- 'fffff-f^
vice, and according to his burden : thus f^'u-tf*
were they numbered of him, as the Lord
commanded Mofes.

•33- 37,

8c ciz.

CHAP.

V.

( 1 ) The camp of the Ifraelites being now formed and
fianclified, by the ereclion of the tabernacle in its
centre, divine orders are iffued to exclude from it all
perfons polluted ivith leprofies or running iffues, or
by dead bodies; I — 4. (2) The laws for reftitu
tion of things unjuftly gotten, and for appropriation
of the hallowed prefents to the priefts, are repeated $
5 — IO. (3) A new law' is given for the trial of
of wives fufipecJed of adultery, by water of purifica
tion ; 11 — 31.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Command the children of Ifrael that
they a put out of the camp every leper, 'Yf'jIIff^f,.
and every one that hath an ifliie, and n!&3i,.%.&9*
whofoever is defiled by the dead: Ij.Sff'zdhs
2 Both male and female fhall ye put £££•/,!"£
J . , , n 11 1 2 Cor. 6.17. 1 Cor.
out, without the camp fhall ye put them ; 5:7;s'/;6;3Tif b;
that they defile not their camps, in the ]°-ft™-i'£
midft whereof 1 dwell. b ch. 4. 49. Exod.
4 And the children of Ifrael did fo, $'zt'»f,£'.16'
i -i -i l i Sam. 15.21.1
and put them out without the camp : b as

5. 22. Mat.
28. 20. Pf. 119. 5,
6, 9, n, 115.

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — God's fervice, efpecially in
the miniftry, is a warfare. He deferves and he requires the beft
of our time and ftrength. His minifters ought not to be novices
either in knowledge or experience. Apparently inngnificant mis
takes in their work may coft one his life, nay, his eternal falva
tion : it is therefore neceffary that we fhould give the ftricTeft at
tention to the diredions of fcripture. Diftrefsful is the paucity of
God's faithful fervants : yet are they in his hand, and he propor
tions their number and ability to their work. But let me efpe
cially rejoice that the whole care of the churches, and of the el eft,
is upon our Redeemer : not Levites, in the power of their might,

hut the Almighty Jefus bears and carries us, and all our concerns :
not the prudent fons of Aaron, but the only wife Son of God
rears and diilolves particular churches on earth ; rears and diflblves
the particular frames of our fpirit ; diflblves our bodies in death,
and again rears them up in the refurreftion. He hath deftroyed
the vail and face of the covering caft over all people ; that it is
not now death, but life, for us finful men to behold, and even enter
by faith into the holieft of all ! Let us therefore, whether minifters
or private Chriftians, draw near with boldnefs, andbehold, as in a
glafs, the glory of the Lord, that we may be changed into the
fame image, from glory to glory, as by the Spirit ofthe Lord.

Orders for purging the camp ; for

NUMBERS.

refitution ; and trial for adultery.-

Luke -9.
*Any fin of common
frailty.

^iTgo'T" the Lord fpake unto Mofes, fo did the
children of Ifrael.
i 5 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 6 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
1 7?K;6j'rM0?5'. c When a man or woman fliall commit
Piov. zti. 13. Job r~ *- 1 't r
33. 27,28 & 34. any fin ' that men commit, to do a tref-
31, 3-.. 1 John 1. 9. ./, m 7
pais againft the Lord, and that perfon
be guilty ;
7 Then they fhall confefs their fin
which they have done : and he fhall re-
¦compenfe his trefpafs with the principal
thereof, and add unto it the fifth part
thereof, and give it unto him againft
whom he hath trefpaffed.
8 JB-ut if the man have no kinfman to
recompenfe the trefpafs unto, let the tref
pafs be recompenfed unto the Lord, even
to the prieft ; befide d the ram of the
atonement, whereby an atonement fliall
be made for him.
t or *™**«- v ^ And every +* offering of all the holy
cCh. 18. 8.Deut.i8. ., .' " 1 • 1
xxJir&o'. ll£. things of the children of Ifrael, which
&7i&": they bring unto the prieft, fhall be his.
. X. I Cor. ci. Al 5111 1 I ¦
10 And every man s hallowed things
fhall be his : whatfoever any man giveth
the prieft, it fhall be his.
1 1 f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
fayi

<rLcv.6.6,7.&7. 8.

cc z. 8. I Cor. 9'
7-14.

ing

o'

1 2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, If any man's wife

flilzl kS. 4. f go afide, and commit a trefpafs againft
him.,
^£8hlv%°i: *3 And a man *'lie with lier carnalh/>
and it be hid from the eyes of her huf
band, and be kept clofe, and fhe be de
filed, and there be no witnefs againft her,
neither fhe be taken with the manner ;
14 And the h fpirit of jealoufy come
upon him, and he be jealous of his wife,
and fhe be defiled : or if the fpirit of
jealoufy come upon him, and he be
jealous of his wife, and fhe be not de
filed : the man bring his wife
bring her

¦ If. 19. 14. Prov. 6.
34. Seng 8.,6.

J Lev. 5. 11. If. 53.
2.— 11. Rom. 5. 8.
& 8.2. 2 Cor. 5.
21. Zech. 12. 10.
Her offering, like
- thefinfhewasfuf-
pecled of, had no
thing agreeable :
nay, nlinoft eveiy
thing in the pro-
cefs reprefented
the balencfs of
that fin.

15 Then fhall
unto the prieft, and he fliall
1 offering for her, the tenth part of an
ephah of barley-meal ; he fliall pour no
oil upon it, nor put frankincenfe thereon ;
for it is an offering of jealoufy, an offer

ing

Before Chrift
1490.

?."ITl20.

. 7 % Or be'mg hi the
WltlO ?""'/¦ 1'th> '"'"•

of memorial,' bringing iniquity to
remembrance. ~ "*¦—
16 And the prieft fliall bring, her near,
and k fet her before the Lord.: *«?£££&
17 And the prieft fhall take ] holy .Zl^c"'
water in an earthen veflel ; and of the '9'9'
m duft that is in the floor of the tabernacle aiX "' Lam'
the prieft fliall take, and put // into the
water :.
1 8 And the prieft fhall fet the woman
before the Lord, and n uncover the wo- "^Heb^.'^:
man's head, and put the offering of
memorial in her hands, which is the
jealoufy-offering : and the prieft fhall
have in his hand "the bitter water that •v«-«7,m,*4.
caufeth the curfew
19 And the prieft fhall p charge her **£•£&;
by an oath, and fay unto the woman, If 6i'
no man have lain with thee, and if thou
haft not gone afide to uncleannefs
, O band .
another inftead of thy hufband, be thou » Heh. ««*. %
free from this bitter water that caufeth
the curfe :
20 But if thou haft gone afide to an
other inftead of thy hufband, and if thou
be defiled, and fome man have lain with
thee befide thine hufband ;
21 Then the prieft fhall charge the
woman with an oath of curfing, and the
prieft fliall fay unto the woman, The
Lord make thee a 1 curfe and an oath *jV:&J%.%$1
among thy people, when the Lord doth \f^ffi'^'
r make thy thigh to § rot, and thy belly r Heb. 13.4. judg.i.
tofwell; _ s^fJU
22 And this water that caufeth the
curfe fhall go into thy bowels, to make
thy belly to fwell, and thy thigh to
rot: "and the woman fhall fay, s Amen, s ^f^iz^
ampn 5- -J"" 31. 1-40.'
cUHCIl. 1 Cor. 16. 22.
23 And the prieft fhall write thefe
curfes "' in a book, and he fliall blot them * °™Fm *
out with the bitter water :
24 And he fhall caufe the woman to
drink the bitter water that caufeth the
curfe : and the water that caufeth the
curfe fhall enter into her, and become bitten
25 Then the prieft fhall take the jea
loufy-offering out of the woman's hand,
and fhall 'wave, the offering before the *«*°d. *>-*4. i**-
Lord, and offer it upon the altar:

Laws for trial qf adultery.

CH A P. V- VI.

Laws ofjffazaritefhip, &c.

Before Chrift
'49°'
u What was pre
fented to the Lord
as a fign that the
trial was referred
to him, ver. 15.

xHeh. 13. 4. Eccl. 7.
26. Prov. 5. 4— 12.
Heb. IO. 26—31,
38. Sc 6. 4—0.
2 Pet. 2. 1—13.
2 Cor. 2. 16.

y Ver. 21, Deut. 28.
37. Pf. 83. 0,11.
Jer. 24. 9. & 29.
18, 22. 8c 42. 18.
Zech. 8. 13.

% Ver. 19. Mic. 7. 7
— 10. 1 Pet. 1. 7.
Rojn. 5. 3—5.
2 Cor. 4. 17, 18.
a Ver, II— 28. ch. 0.
21. Lev. 7. 37. &
11.46. & 13.59,
& 14. 54, 57. &
15. 32.

b Job 17.8,9. &27.
5. 6. Pf. 37- 6-

C Lev. 5. 1, 17. & 7.
18. & 19.8. & 20.
17, 19. ch. 18. 23.
&14. 34. &g. 13.
Ezek. 23. 49. 8c
18. 4, 20. Rom. 2.
8, 9. Prov, 5. 22.
& 9. u.

26 And the prieft fhall take an hand
ful of the offering, even the u memorial
thereof, and burn it upon the altar, and
afterward fhall caufe the woman to drink
the water.
27 And when he hath made, her to
drink the water, then it fhall come to
pafs, that if fhe be defiled, and have done
trefpafs againft her hufband, x that the;
water that caufeth the curfe fhall enter-
into her, and become bitter, and her belly
fliall fwell, and her thigh fliall rot : and
the woman -fhall be y a curfe among her
people. 28 And if the woman be not defiled,
but be clean ; z then fhe fhall be free, and
fhall conceive feed.
29 a This is the law of jealoufies, when
a wife goeth afide to another inftead of
her hufband, and is defiled ;
30 Or when the fpirit of jealoufy
cometh upon him, and he be jealous over
his wife, and fhall fet the woman before
the Lord, and, the prieft fhall execute
upon her all this law.
31 Then fhall the man be b guiltlefs
from iniquity, and this woman fhall
c bear her iniquity. CHAP VI.
Contains, (i) The law of the Ndzarites, prefcribing.
(1) What they were obliged to by their vow ; i — 8.
(2) J¥hat was to be done if the vow fhould be
broken by an inadvertent touch of a dead, body, or the
like; 9 — 12. (3) JVbat falemnity was proper for
their difcharge when the vow fhould be fulfilled ; 1 3 —
21. (4) InftrucJions for the priefts how to blefs
the people; 22 — 27.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the. children of Ifrael,

Reflections upon Chap. V. — In thefe figures I difcern that
the church of God on earth ought carefully to be purged from
fcandalous perfons and crimes ; and that polluted and dilhoneft fin
ners fhall be excluded from the celeftial manfions. Hownecef-.
fery then to put away all filthinefs of the flefh and fpirit; and to
avoid even the moft diftant approaches towards difhonefty, parti
cularly with refpecT: to Jefus Chrift and his minifters! For thofe
who preach the gofpel muft live by the gofpel. Yea, let me avoid
every thing which may be get dishonourable fufpicions ; and, on the
•contrary, beware of indulging them without fufficient ground. But
innocence is the fureft comfort and fupport under the moft malig
nant accufations. How dreadful it is when God's curfe is the
feafoner of fenfual pleafures ! Vain is every attempt to conceal our
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
a Judg. rj. 5. & 16-
17. 1 Sam. 1. 11,
zs. Luke 1. 15.
Afls ii. 44. Lev.
27. 2. Lam. 4. 7.
Amos 2. it. Heb,
7. 26. I Thef. 2-.
10. 2 Cor. 6. 17.

and fliall drink no * &£{&,.
ftrOllP" b Judg. 13. 14. Lev.
<-3 10. 7. Luke 7. 3;.
If. 53. 3, 4. Luke
21. 34. 1 1 et.2.11.
I The!. 5. 22,

vinegar

of

f Or Nax.ariiefi}ip.
£ Heb. vine of the
wine*

c Judg. 13. 5. 8c 16.
17. 1 Sam. 1. 11.
Thus his hair w&s
a perpetual token
of his confecra
tion to God.

and fay unto them, When a either man
or woman fhall * feparate themfelves to
vow a vow of a Nazarite, to feparate
themfelves unto the Lord :
3 He fhall b feparate himfelf from wine
and ftrong drink,
vinegar of wine, or
drink, neither fliall he drink any liquor
of grapes, nor eat moift grapes or dried :
4 All the days of his 1" feparation fhall
he eat nothing that is made ofthe + vine-
tree, from the kernels even to the hufk :
5 All the days of the vow of his fepa
ration there fhall no c razor come upon
his head : until the days be fulfilled, in
the which he feparateth himfelf unto the
Lord, he fhall be holy, and fliall let the
locks of th ~ hair of his head grow.
6 All the days that he feparateth him
felf wato the Lord he fhall d come at no d ^X^.
dead body.
7 He fhall not make himfelf unclean
for his father, or for his mother, for his
brother, or for his fifter, when they die ;
becaufe the I' confecration of his God is
upon his head.
8 All the days of his feparation he
§ holy unto the Lord.
9 And if any man die very fuddenly by
him, and he hath defiled the head of his
confecration, then he fhall e fhave his
heaB in the day of his cleanfing, on the
feventh day fliall he fhave it.
10 And f on the eighth day he fhall
bring two turtles, or two young pigeons,
to the prieft, to the door of the tabernacle
of the congregation :
1 1 And the prieft fhall offer the one
for a fin- offering, and the other for a

is

1 Pet. z. 22. Heb.
7. 16. Eph. 5. 7,
11. Rev. 18. 4.
1 Cor. 5. 11, 13.
2 Cor. 6. 14 — 17.
2Tim. 3. 2 — 5.
This taught him
to moderate his
affedrion to, and
forrow for, the
lofs of relations ;
and that God re
quired the moft
exadr fpiritual pu
rity.
Heb. feparation,
$ Dedicated to his
moft Ipecial fer
vice.

c A3s 21. 23. Phil,
3- 8, 9.

f Lev. 9. T— 21. &
- 14 10 — 31. &15.
14, 29. & 12.6, 8.
& I. 14. Rom. 4.
25. 1 John 2. 1, 2.

tranfgreflions ; for though waters of jealoufy are no more, the eye
of God can fee, and the voice of confeience will fpeak out. Yea,
often God rnoft ftrangely brings to light the hidden things of
darknefs ; and, however 'they may efcape prefent cenfure or punifh
ment, whoremongers and adulterers God will judge, and dread
fully punifh ! Let me therefore abftain from fleihly lufts, which
war againft the foul : and, if I am unjuftly accufed, let me com
mit my caufe to God, who judgeth righteoufly, that he may bring
me to the light, and caufe me to behold his righteoufnefs. Mean
while, let me, with the utmoft accuracy, examine how far I am
chargeable with fpiritual whoredom or apoftafy ; and particularly
obferve whether the crofs of Chrift, and the afflictions of the
gofpel, are -to me a favour of death unto death or of life unto lifs(

Laws for breach and expiration of the vow. NUMBER S.

¦P fiefs' blejfi'ng ofthe people.

Before Chrift
1490.

gLcv.6.6.& 14.24.

h Gal. -3. TO. Ezek.
18. 24. 2 John 8.
with Mat. 3. 15.
John 8. 29. Mat.
24. 13. Job 17. 9.
Prov. 4. 18.
S Afts 21. 26.

k Lev. 1. 10—13. &
4. 27—35. & 8. 2,
22. & 9. 4. & 19.
10. eh. 15. 3—11.
Heb. 10. 10,12,14.
8c 9. 12. 2 Cor, 5.
31. Eph. 2. 13—
15. & 1. 3, 6, 7.
John 6. 53—57.

VAis 21. 24. John
17- 4, 5- & '9- 3°.
2 Tim. 4. 7,8.

m Heb, 2. 10. & 9.
28. Lnke 17. 10.
Eph. 1. 6, 7.

burnt-offering, and make an atonement
for him, for that he finned by the dead,
and fhall hallow his head that fame day.
12 And he fhall confecrate unto the
Load the days of his feparation, and fhall
bring g a lamb of the firft year for a tref
pafs-offering : but the days that were be
fore h fhall be loft, becaufe his feparation
was defiled.
1 3 ^f And tnis ls *-ne law °f the Naza-
rite : ' when the days of his feparation
are fulfilled, he fhall be brought unto the
door of the tabernacle of the congrega-
tion :
1 4 And he fliall offer k his offering unto
the Lord, one he-lamb of the firft year
without blemifh for a burnt-offering,
and one ewe-lamb of the firft year with
out blemifh for a fin-offering, and one
ram without blemifh for peace-offerings,
15 And a bafket of unleavened bread,
cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, and
wafers of unleavened bread anointed with
oil, and their meat-offering, and their
drink -offerings.
1 6 And the prieft fhall bring , them
before the Lord, and fhall offer his fin-
offering and his burnt-offering:
1 7 And he fhall offer the ram for a
facrifice of peace-offerings unto the, Lord,
with the bafket of unleavened bread : the
prieft fhall offer alfo his
and his drink-offering.
1 8 1 And the Nazarite fhall fhave the
head of his feparation at the door of the
tabernacle of the congregation, and fhall
of the head of his fepa-
put it in the fire which

meat -offering

take the hair
ration, and ra

Reflections upon Chap. VI.— In thefe Nazarites let me
behold the blefled Jefus folemnly feparated by himfelf and his Fa
ther to the fervice of God in our redemption : — Jefus, never der-
filed with carnal comforts or pleafures, nor intoxicated with finful
lufts or worldly cares, nor polluted by his connection with finners
naturally dead in trefpafies and fins : — Jefu«, who, for. Nazarine
hair, hath the moft noted graces and good works ; yea, hath his
-people growing up into him as their head: — Jefus, never, fail ing,
but perfevering, in his work, and finifhing it in his all-compre-
henfive offering of himfelf for us ; and, in his refurredlion, laying
afide every token of continued fubjeetion to an angry God or
broken law. In thefe Nazarites let minifters alfo, let faints, fepa
rated to the fervice of God, learn to deny themfelves, mortify the
deeds of the body, renounce this world, and the pleafures of fin or
fenfe, and behave as folemnly confecrated to God alone. Let every

gefore qhjjfl:
1490. '

oPf.itS. 10,11. Rev..
M- 13. If- IS. vs.

is under the facrifice of the peace-offer
ings, " ""
1 9 Arid the prieft fhall take the fodden
fhoulder of the ram, and one unleavened
cake out of the bafket, and one unleavened
wafer, and fhall put them upon the hands
of the Nazarite, after the hair of 'his fepa
ration is fhaven :
20 And the prieft fhall wave them* for " l^'fi^fi
a wave-offering before the Lord : this is
holy for the prieft, with the wave-breaft
and heave-fhoulder : and after that ° the
Nazarite may drink wine.
21 This is the law of the Nazarite
who hath vowed, and of his offering unto
the Lord for his feparation, ? befides that ^f,,.^:^.^-
that his hand fhall get: according to the H<*-,3-,fi-
vow which he vowed, fo he muft do
after the law of his feparation.
22 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying; 23 Speak unto Aaron and unto his fons,
faying, On this wife ye fhall i blefs the qia.r.2j.u. Lev,
I'll r-wf 1 r • 1 9-22,23.Luke24.
children of Ifrael, faying unto them, Skt^wl:
thee:

r The Lord blefs thee, and keep

r2Cor. 14. 13. Pf.
121. 7. 1 Chr. 2u.
18. John 17.11,15.
2 c The Lord s make his face fhine * dm. 9.i7. *;.»>.
j - 3,7,19, 20. & 44.
3. Prov. 16. 15.
John 1. 17. Eph.
2. 7, 8.
Pf. 4. 6. Eph. 2.. 14,
15. Rom. 5. I.
27 And they fliall u put my name *%$&%££

upon thee, and be gracious unto thee :
26 The Lord 'lift, up his countenance
upon thee, and give thee peace

upon the children of Ifrael,
blefs them.

and I will

CHAP.

VII.

God having fixed his refidence in the midft of the He
brew camp, the twelve princes of their tribes acknow
ledge him as their Sovereign, with proper prefents.
( 1 ) When the tabernacle or pavilion of God is dedi-

breach of their vows, through fellowship with dead and unfruitful
works of darknefs, occafion repeated application to Jefus' purify
ing blood, and to more diligence in duty. And, after finifhing^
their oourfe, let them thank God for his gracious affiftance, ac
count themfelves unprofitable' fervants, and truft only to Jefus' all-
fufEcient facrifice of himfelf as the ground of their hope and-joy.— »
In this prieftly benediction of the Hebrews, let me behold Jefus,
appointed of God to blefs finful men ; yea, becoming bleflings to
them ; — and God difcovering his grace, by rendering his ordi
nances, apparently fimple in themfelves, tffecrual for blefling us
with all fpiritual bleflings in Chrift..- Let me' therefore look only
to God for what bleflings I need ; and by faith hold communion
with Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft, in order, to .the enjoyment of
them.

Princes' prefents for the tabernacle ;

CHAP. VII,

for the altar.

Before Chrift

afEKod. xl. Lev. viii,

tated, they prefent fix covered waggons, for the eafy
tranfporting of it ; I — ,9. (2) When the altar for
God's fervice is dedicated, they each, on his day, offer
¦utenftls and oblations correfpondent to it; IO — 88.
(3) The Lord teftifies his acceptance of their prefents
by familiar converfie with Mofes immediately after ;
89.
AN D it came to pafs on the day that
Mofes had fully a fet up the taber
nacle, and had anointed it, and fahdHfied
it, and all the inftruments thereof, both
the altar and all the veffels thereof, and
had anointed them, and fandtified them ;
*chri.*-i6.& . 2 That the b princes of Ifrael, heads
of the houfe of their fathers, who were
*ntb. uihftted. the princes ofthe tribes, ''"' and were over
•^fca."^: them that were numbered, c offered :
3 And they brought their offering
before the Lord ; fix covered waggons,
and twelve oxen ; a waggon for two of
the princes, and for each one an ox : and
they, brought them before the tabernacle.
, 4 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, .
**%¥££'£ 5 d Take it of them, that they may be
iipi?.'* imjT ' to do the fervice of the tabernacle of the
congregation; and thou flialt give them
unto the Levites, to every man according
to his fervice.
6 And Mofes took the waggons and
the oxen, and gave them unto the Le
vites. 7eTwd waggons and four oxen he gave
unto the fons of Gerfhon, according to
their fervice :
8 And f four waggons and eight oxen he
gave unto the fons of Merari, according
unto their fervice, under the hand of Itha
mar the fon of Aaron the prieft.
o But unto the fons of Kohath he gave
none : becaufe the s fervice of the fanc
tuary belonging unto them was that they
fhould bear upon their fhoulders.
10 ^[ And the princes offered for
ht5Ci6,i-.5i?e'hEzi2a h dedicating of the altar in the day that
fobsWtzi:^'5' it was anointed, even the princes offered
their offering before the altar.
11 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
i,cSri.,t.,J,<0, Tnev mal1 offer their offering, ! each
prince on his day, for the dedicating of
the altar.

BCh.3.25,26. &4.
25,26.

fCh.3.36,37.&4. 31. 3*.

g 2 Sam. 6. 6, it.
»Chr. 15. 3, ij.

Be-fore Chrift
1490-

12 f"And khe that offered his offering
the firft day was Nahfhon the fon of k ^"-^ o.d,.
Amminadab, of the tribe of Judah :

13 And his offering was * one

filver

1.3.1
1. 4. Ruth 4. 20.
1 I Kin. 7. 43, :'.
2 Kin. 25. 14, 15.
,. Exod.

charger, the weight thereof was an hun- £££3^
dred and thirty fhekels, one filver bowl of ItffifZt
feventy fhekels, after the fhekel of the lif^-it0'^.
fanctuary ; both of them were full of ft«>ins-
fine flour mingled with oil, for a meat- mL"-n-
offering :
14 One fpoon of ten Jhekels of gold,
n T 11 C • r' 11 Exod. to. 7, 8, 34
n full of incenfe : -#¦ & is- »¦
15 ° One young bullock, one ram, '^ttJUt&t
one lamb of the firft year, for a burnt- See^".'/^'.*.
__ <J ' 10,11. Mat. zo.48.
offering : \¥ttf-\T~lt-
16 One kid of the goats for a fin- %fA\itZ
rr . ' & 2. 24. & 3. is.
offering : • Tim- *• & J«-
1 7 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Nahfhon the fon of Am
minadab. 18 -'f On the fecond day * Nethaneel *^r^£
the fon of Zuar, prince of Iflachar, did ^f1^"^*"-
offer :
1 9 He offered for his offering one fil
ver charger, the weight whereof was an
hundred and thirty fhekels, one, filver
bowl of feventy fhekels, after the fhekel
ofthe fancfuary ; both of them full of fine
flour mingled with oil, for a meat-offer
ing: 20 One fpoon of gold of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe :
21 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-
offering :
22 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
23 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was the
offering of Nethaneel the fon of Zuar.
24 ^[ On the third day Eliab the ion of
Helon, prince of the children of Zebulun,
did offer :
25 His offering was one filver charger,
the weight whereof was an hundred and
thirty fhekels, one filver bowl of feventy
fhekels, after the fhekel of the fan&uary ;
E e 2

Princes' pr-efentsfor the

NUMBERS.

dedication of the altar..

Bcferechrift both of them faft 0f fhi© flour mingled
—  with oil, for a meat-offering :
26 One golden fpoon of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe :
27 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
28 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering: 29 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Eliab the fon of Helom
30 % On the fourth day Elizur the
fon of Shedeur, prince of the children of
Reuben, did offer:
31 His offering was one filver charger
of the weight of an hundred and thirty
fhekels., one filver bowl of feventy fhekels,
after- the fhekel of the fancfuary ; both of
them full of fine' flour mingled with oil,
for a meat-offering :
32 One golden fpoon of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe :
33 One young bullock, one ram,, one
lamb, of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
34 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
25 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Elizur the fon of Shedeur.
26 % On the fifth day Shelumiel the
fon of Zurifhaddai, prince ofthe children
of Simeon , did offer :
2 7 His offering was one filver charger,
the weight whereof was an hundred and
thirty fhekels, one filver bowl of feventy
i.fhekels, after the fhekel of the fandtuary ;
both of them full of fine flour mingled
with oil, for a meat-offering:
38 One golden fpoon of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe :
39 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
40 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
41 And for a facrifice of peace-offer

ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was ~
the offering of Shelumiel the fon of Zuri
fhaddai. 42 ^[ On the fixth day Eliafaph the fori
of Deuel, prince of the children of Gad,
offered: 42 His offering was one filver charger
of the weight of an hundred and thirty
fhekels, a filver bowl of feventy fhekels,
after the fhekel of the fanctuary; both
of them full of fine flour mingled with
oil, for a meat-offering :
44 One golden fpoon of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe':
45- One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
46 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering: :
4 7. And for a. facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was the
offering of Eliafaph. the fon of Deuel.
48 \ On the feventh. day Elifhama the
fon of Ammihud, prince of the children
of Ephraim, offered:
49 His offering was one filver charger,
the weight whereof was an hundred and
thirty Jhekels, one filver bowl of feventy
fhekels, after the fhekel of the fandtuary;
both of them full of fine flour mingled
with oil, for a meat-offering :
50 One golden fpoon of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe :
51 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
52 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
52 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Elifhama the fon of Am
mihud. 54 % On the eighth day offered Gama
liel the fon of Pedahzur, prince of the
children of Manafleh :
55 His offering was one filver charger
of the weight of an hundred and' thirty

Before. Chria:
1490.

Princes' prefents for the

CHAP. VII.

dedication of the altar.

Before Chrift
1490.

Jhekels, one filver bowl of feventy fhekels,
~ after the fhekel Of the fanctuary; both of
them full of fine flour mingled with oil,
for a meat-offering :
56 One golden fpoon of ten fhekels,
full of incenfe :
57 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt -of
fering :
_5% One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
59 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Gamaliel the fon of Pe-
dahzur. 60 % On the ninth day Abidan the fon
of Gideoni, prince of the children of
Benjamin, offered:
61 His offering was one filver charger,
the weight whereof was an hundred and(
thirty Jhekels, a filver bowl of feventy
fhekels, after the fhekel of the fandluary;
both of them full of fine flour mingled
with oil, for a meat-offering :
62 One golden fpoon of ten Jhekels,
full of incenfe :
63 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
64 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
65 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was the
offering of Abidan the fon of Gideoni.
66 ^f On the tenth day Ahiezer the fon
of Ammifhaddai, prince of the children
of Dan, offered:
6 j His offering was one filver charger,
the weight whereof was an hundred and
thirty Jhekels, one filver bowl of feventy
fhekels, after the fhekel of the fandluary ;
both of them full of fine flour mingled
with oil, for a meat-offering :
68 One golden fpoon of ten Jhekels,
full of incenfe :
69 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering:

Before Chrift
1490.

70 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering: 7 1 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Ahiezer the fon of Am
mifhaddai. 72 ^[ On the eleventh day Pagiel the
fon of Ocran, prince of the children of
Afher, offered:
j 2 His offering was one filver charger,
the weight whereof was an hundred and
thirty Jhekels, one filver bowl of feventy
fhekels, after the fhekel of the fandluary ;
both of them full of fine flour mingled
with oil, for a meat-offering :
74 One golden fpoon of ten fekels,
full of incenfe:
J5 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
76 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
77 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was
the offering of Pagiel the fon of Ocran.
78 % On the twelfth day Ahira the
fon of Enan, prince of the children of
Naphtali, offered:
yg His offering was one filver charger,.
the weight whereof was an hundred and
thirty fhekels, one filver bowl of feventy
fhekels, after the fhekel ofthe fandluary;
both of them full of fine flour mingled
with oil, for a meat-offering:
80 One golden fpoon of ten Jhekels,
full of incenfe :
81 One young bullock, one ram, one
lamb of the firft year, for a burnt-of
fering :
82 One kid of the goats for a fin-
offering :
83 And for a facrifice of peace-offer
ings, two oxen, five rams, five he-goats,
five lambs of the firft year. This was.
the offering of Ahira the fon of Enan.
84 This was the * dedication of the p j^^f
altar, in the day when it was anointed, \lfl!i£n!&x.
by the princes of Ifrael : twelve chargers

'The prefents accepted of God.

N.UMBEU

Of lighting the facred lamps.:

B. fo eChiift
1490.

' The v,-ho!e value
of ihc filver vc:-
rel> was 273I, i^f,
ftc-li'ij:; and or
tht. jrf-lden lpoori3
about 199I. ftcr-
liiii.

f That is, God.

qExod.15.22. 1 Kin
6. 23. Lev. 1. 1.
eh. 1. 1,

% Mofes.

of filver, twelve filver bowls, twelve
fpoons of gold :
85 Each charger of filver weighing
an hundred and thirty fhekels, each bowl
feventy: all the filver veffels weighed
* two thoufand and four hundred fhekels,
after the fhekel of the fandluary.
86 The golden fpoons were twelve, full
of incenfe, weighing ten fhekels apiece,
after the fhekel of the fandluary : all the
gold of the fpoons was an hundred and
twenty fhekels.
87 All the oxen for the biirnt-offering
were twelve bullocks, the rams twelve,
the lambs of the, firft year twelve, with
their meat-offering : and the kids of the
goats for fin-offering twelve.
88 And all the oxen for the facrifice of
the peace-offerings were twenty and four
bullocks, the rams fixty, the he- goats
fixty, the lambs of the firft year fixty.
This was the dedication of the altar,
after that it was anointed.
89 5T And when Mofes was gone into
the tabernacle of the congregation to
fpeak with + him, then he heard the voice
of one fpeaking unto him from off the
1 mercy- feat . that was upon the ark of
teftimony, from between the two cheru
bims : and + he fpake unto him.
CHAP. VIII.
Contains an account (1) Ofthe lighting of the feven
lamps of the golden candleftick in the tabernacle ;
I — 4.. (2) Of the ordination of the Levites to their
facred office by purification of their bodies and clothes ;
by the people's affigning to them the place of their firft-
born ; by prefentation of them before God, together
with a fin-offering and burnt-offering; and by con-
ftgnation of them to Aaron and his fons, as a mean
of atonement for Ifrael; 5 — 22. (3) The time
of their aclual obligation to fervice is prefcribed ;
23 — 26.

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — NeceiTary obfervances in
religion muft always be preferred to what is merely voluntary.
But the more honour and wealth pcrfons have, the more exem
plary they ought to be in laying out themfelves and their fub
ftance for the -Lord. Chrift's minifters and people never need
to be difcouraged by the hard fervice allotted them, for, by their
often repeated exercifes or remarkable comfort therein, God can
render his minifters expert in their work, or can quickly bring
thern unexpected affiftance in it; and we can fcarcely enter on his
fervice without receiving hints of changes and removals, death not
excepted. Liberal hearts devife liberal things, and are never
6

urn,

N D the Lord fpake unto Mofes
faying,
Speak unto Aaron,
When thou a lighteft

the feven lamps fliall °;ive
againft the candleftick.
And Aaron did fo;
againft

and fay unto
the lamps, over

light

he

3 Ana Aaron cuci .10; ne lighted the
lamps thereof over againft the candle
ftick, as the Lord commanded Mofes.
4 b And this work of the candleftick
was of 'beaten gold, unto the fhaft thereof,
unto the flowers thereof, was beaten
work : c according unto the pattern which
the Lord had fhewed Mofes, fo he made
the candleftick.
5 <[f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 6 Take the Levites from among* the
children of Ifrael, and d cleanfe them.
7 And thus fhalt thou do unto them,
to cleanfe them: Sprinkle water of puri
fying upon them, and * let them fhave
all their flefh, and let them wafh their
clothes, and fo make themfelves clean.
8 Then let them e take a young bul-
with his meat-offering, even fine
with oil ; and another
fhalt thou take for a fin-

Before ChriiJ ,
J490:

aExod.25. 37.&40.
25 Lev. 24. 2, 3.
I Sam, 3. 3. P..
132. 17. If. 49. 6.
John 1.9. &8. 12.
Luke 2. 32. The
rett of thecandlo.
flick *as of one
piece; but the
lamps were made
by themfelves,
and fet on thc tops
of the branches.

D Exod. 25. 31—39.
& 37- 17—24-
Rev. 1. 20. 2 Pet.
1. 19. Phil, 2. 15,

cExod.2;.40.&J9. 43. Mat. 28. 20,
If. 8. 20. 2 Tim. I.

lock flour

A Exod. 19,

TO,

I?.

ch. 10, 12,

18

10.

If. 52. 11.

ja

¦ 14-

8, 9. Heb

7-

26.

I The!. 2

10

1 Tim. 4.

12.

&

6. 11.

*Heb. left}

im cauls

a ra-x.tr

0 fajs

vaer, 8cc.

e Lev. 1. 3
&
¦Mi
14. ch. 15. 8
»•
mingled
young bullock
offering. And thou
fhalt
bring
tabernacle of the
the Levites '&£****
COngrega-
9
before the
tion: and thou fhalt gather the whole
aflembly of the children of Ifrael together :
10 And thou fhalt bring the Levites
before the Lord : and the children of
Ifrael fhall s put their hands upon the
Levites :
1 1 And Aaron fhall + offer the Levites
before the Lord, for an h offering of the
children of Ifrael ; that " they may exe
cute the fervice of the Lord.
% Lev. 1. 4, to note,
that they dedica
ted them to God,
to ferve in their
flead, Prov. 8.23.
Rom. 1. 1. Gal. i.
t Heb. suave.
h Heb.wavc-tjffering. ice Lev. 7. 30—
34. 8c 9. 29. ver.
13, 14.
|| Heb. il-ey may be tt
exact, See.
weary of giving to the Lord. But in our dedications to God~ we
ought carefully to corifider what is like to be moft ufeful in his
fervice ; and, amidft, all, to implore pardon through Jefus our fin-
offering. And, while every one is careful to do that which is
proper in his ftation, God honourably records the good deeds
of his people in the moft particular manner, and takes pleafure in
manifefting his gracious acceptance thereof. But might not
thefe twelve folemn days prefigure the apoftolic and millennial pe
riods, in which princes and nations did, or fliall, dedicate them
felves and fubftance to Jefus Chrift, our great tabernacle and altar j
yea, the glorious fulfiller of all this Levitical difpenfation.
Of the confecration of fhe Levites.

CHAP- VIII. IX,

Time ofthe Levites' fervice.

Before Chrift
j Lev. i. iv. Exod.
29. 10, &c.

tCh. 3. 6—9,n, J9»
41,45. Sc 18.1 — 6.
& 4. 18, 19. v*r.
it, 14, 19.
J Exod. xxix. Lev.
viii. ch. 18. 6. &
3. 12, 41, 45. Sc
16. a Sz 1. 50. &
4. 46. Deut. 18. 5,
7. ver. 11, 13, 16,
li.

m Ch. 3. 13—37* &
4. 3-32.
nVer. 7— 13.

e Ch. 3. 12, 13, 40,
41.45. fee ver. 13,
*4i *9-

pExod. 13. 2,12,13.-
ch. 3.13. Lukez.

9 Ch. 3. ti, 45. &
1S.6.VH. 11—16.

TCh. 3.6— 9. & 18.
1—6. & 4. 18, 19.
ver. 1j.pf.68. 18.
with jbph. 4. 11—
13.
$ Heb. given.
* In the facred
courts.

9 1 Sam. 6. 19. ch.
25. 7—13. & 16.
40—50. Pf. 106.
30,31. 2 Chr. 26.
I(>— 23. As the
Levites perform
ed thejervice of
the court, and
bore the taber
nacle^ none of the
people had any
call to come too
near the holy
things,
t Ch. 1. 54. & 2. 33.
& 3. 51. & 4. 37,
45. ver. 6— 14,12.

- 1 2 And the Levites fliall ! lav their
hands upon the heads of the bullocks :
and thou fhalt offer the one for a fin-
offering, and the other for a burnt-offer
ing, unto the Lord, to make an atone
ment for the Levites.
13 And thou fhalt fet the Levites
k before Aaron, and before his fons, and
offer them/or an offering unto the Lord.
14 Thus flialt ' thou feparate the Le
vites from among the children of Ifrael :
and the Levites fhall be mine.
15 And after that fhall the Levites go
in to do m the fervice of the tabernacle of
the congregation : and thou fhalt » cleanfe
them, and offer them for an offering.
iy For they ° are wholly given unto
me from among the children, of Ifrael ;
inftead of fuch as open every womb, even
inftead of the firft-born of all the children
of Ifrael, have I taken them unto me.
1 7 p For all the firft-born of the chil-.
dren of Ifrael are mine, both man and
beaft : on the day that I fmote every
firft-born in the land of Egypt I fan&i-
fied them for myfelf.
1 8 And I have taken the Levites q for
all the firft-born of the children of Ifrael.
1 9 And I r have given the Levites as
§ a gift to Aaron and to his fons from
among the children of Ifrael, to do the
fervice of the children of Ifrael * in the
tabernacle of the congregation, and to
make an atonement for the children of
Ifrael ; that there be s no plague among
the children of Ifrael when the children
of Ifrael come nigh unto the fandluary;
20 And Mofes and Aaron, and all the
congregation Of the children of Ifrael, did
to the Levites • according unto all that''
the Lord commanded Mofes concerning

Before Chrifl
1490.

u Exod. xxix. Lev.
viii. ix. xiv. x-.
ch. 19. 1—12, Jec
ver.

• '9- ¦->
,'. 0—19.

the Levites, fo did the children of Ifrael
unto them.
2 1 And the Levites were " purified, and
they wafhed their clothes ; and Aaron
offered them as an offering before the
Lord ; and Aaron made an atonement
for them to cleanfe them.
22 And after that went the Levites in
x to do their fervice in the tabernacle of x*?:i£i*,££*
the congregation + before Aaron, and be- ™«-r'x'
fore his fons: as the Lord had com- *dSo!Xt0,heir
manded Mofes concerning the Levites,
fo did they unto them.
23 ^ And the Lord fpake unto Mo
fes, faying,
24 This is it that belongeth unto the
Levites : y from twenty and five years yCtM^:S%
old and upward they fhall go in * to wait ^fi^-v-
, f- . rJ , ,° , - . * Heb. L war the
upon the fervice of the tabernacle ofthe sr^'f,*"'
congregation : t^irt:
25 And from the age of fifty years *'4 '5'
they fliall H ceafe waiting upon the fer- "g™3K^l
vice thereof, and fhall ferve no more :
26 But fhall § minifter with their bre
thren in the tabernacle of the congrega-
tion, to keep the charge, and fhall do no
fervice. Thus fhalt thou do unto the
Levites, touching their charge.
CHAP. IX,
Contains ( I ) A repetition of the law for the obfervance
of the paffover, now to be kept the fecond time,
(2) A new law for obferving it in the fecond month
by fuch as could not attend it in the firft; 6 — 14.
(3) An account of the refidence of the pillar of cloud
on the tabernacle, and its ufe for direcling the He
brews in their journeys and refts ; 15 — 23.

fervice.
$ Sing pfalms, in-
ftruct, counlel,
and keep things
in order ; butde
no hard fsrvice.

A

ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes in

This chapter conn's
in betore ch.-i &l.

the wildernefs of Sinai, in the a firft aExod-4° -*.cb.i.i
month of the- fecond year after they were
come out ofthe land of Egypt, faying,
2 Let the children of Ifrael alfo b keep bExod
the pafibver at his appointed feafon.

t2. 2, 14, 25,
43 — 49- 8c 13. 10.
Lev. 23. 5. ch. iS.
its. Dent. 16. 1,2.

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — In thefe lighted lamps I be
hold Jefus endowed with the fulnefs ofthe fpirits of God, and fet up
to be the light of the world, the light of the church ; — and minifters
enlightened in themfelves, andfet up for lights to others, that they
may fee to perform the fervice of the tabernacle. In thefe'Levites
I behold 'Jefus, holy, harmlefs, and undefiled, folemnly fct apart as
the furety of eledf. finners, to the hard fervice of his debafement;
Which being finifhed, and atonement thus made for his people, and
every plague averted from them, he retired to his heavenly re ft,
to minifter, without fatigue, in the fanituary above. — But with

what hoiinefs, and folemn dedication to God, ought minifters to
be prepared for their work! How voluntary their call by their
people ; and how folemn their ordination to their office! Honour
able indeed is their fervice for Jefus and his ranfomed people if
faithful ; they become a remarkable mean .of turning away God's
wrath from nations and churches ; and, if faithful and diligent,
while their ftrength continues, their people ought to fupport
them decently when they become old and infirm ; and Jefus Chrift
will for ever reward them in the heavenly ftate. '

Second paffover obferved, 'Zee.

N U M B ER S. Hebrew journeys dire Bed by the cloud.

Before Chrifl
'490-
* Heb. between the
two evenings. After
three o'clock in
the afternoon.

e E cod. 12. T— 14, 43
— 49. Jolh. 5. ro.
2 Chr. xx-c. xxxv.
Mat. 26. 2. 1 Cor.
5. 7, 8.
d Exod. 12. 6. Heb.
¦<?. 25. Mat. 27... 6,
50.

e Lev. 21. tr, ch. 5.
K.&6.6.&19.11, iS.

fExod. 12. 27. Dent.
16. 2. rCor. 5. 7,
8.

¦g Heb. 3. 5, 6. John
7. 17. Ezek. 2. 7,
&3. 17. I Cor, II.
.3, 3. 0C4. 2. Afts
zo. 27. Prov. 3- 5,
6 Pf.85.8. &25.
*4-

-t Ver. 6, 7. Eph. 2.
1, z, 12, 13. & 3.
6 — 9, Rom. sc. 8
—19. & 16. 25,26.
i-Cor. 6, 9— 11.

3 z Chr. 30. 2, re.
Exod. 12. 2—14,
4!— 49- John '9-
36.

Tt Ch. 15. 30, ,1.
Exod. 12. 15. Gen.
37. 14. Lev. 17. 4,
10, 14, 16. ch. 19.
13. Heb. 10. 26—
at,. & 6.6. & 2. 3,

! Exod. 12. 49. Lev.
24. 22. & 19.' 34-
ch. 15. IS, 16, 29.
&19. 10. & 35.15.
Deut. 29. 11. 8c
31. 12. Eph. 2. 12
— 22. If. 56. 6, 7-

3 In the fourteenth day of this month,
* at even, ye fhall keep it in his appointed
feafon.: according to all the rites of it,
and according to all the ceremonies
thereof, fhall ye keep it.
4 And Mofes fpake unto the children
of Ifrael that they fhould keep the palT-
over. 5 And they c kept the paffover on the
fourteenth day of the firft month d at
even, in the wildernefs of Sinai: accord
ing to all that the Lord commanded
Mofes, fo did the children of Ifrael.
6 ^[ And there were certain men, who
were e defiled by the dead body of a man,
that they could not keep the paflbver on
that day. and they came before Mofes
¦and before Aaron on that day :
7 And thofe men faid unto him, We
-are defiled by the dead body of a man :
wherefore are we kept back, that we may
not f offer an offering of the Lord in his
appointed feafon among the children of
Ifrael ?
8 And Mofes faid unto them, Stand
ftill, and I will s hear what the Lord will
command concerning you.
9 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 10 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
faying, If any man of you or of your
pofterity fhall be h unclean by reafon of
a dead body, or be in a journey afar off,
yet he fhall keep the paflbver unto the
Lord. .
1 1 The ' fourteenth day of the fecond
month at even they fhall keep it, and eat
it with unleavened bread and bitter herbs.
12 They fhall leave none of it unto
the morning, nor break any bone of
it : according to all the ordinances ofthe
paflbver they fhall keep it.
13 But the man that is clean, and is
not in a journey, and k forbeareth to keep
the paflbver, even the fame foul fhall be
cut off from among his people : becaufe
he brought not the offering of the Lord
in his appointed feafon, that man fhall
bear his fin.
14 And if i a ftranger fhall fojourn

Before Chrifl
1490.

nVer. 18-1-22. Exod.
13. zs. 8c 40. 38.
Neh. 9.10. Pf. 105.
39.-&78-. 14. If. 4.
5, 6. I Cor. 10. 1.
2 Cor. c. 10. Rev.
21.3.

. . 105.
39. & 78. 14. II.
49. 10. John 10. 3
— 5,9-Pf.7M4-
& 32. 8. I Cor.
10. 1.

among you, and will keep the paflbver
unto the Lord; according to the ordi- ~ ~
nance of the paflbver, and according to
the manner thereof, fo fhall he do : ye
fliall have one ordinance, both for the
+ ftranger and for him that was born in * p">fc>yte.
the land.
1 5 % And ra on the day that the taber- "^."g-**
nacle was reared up the cloud covered i& m-b^'io?
the tabernacle, namely, the " tent of the ||Th*',noftlwlJr
teftimony : and at even there was upon C VZt™ *°
the tabernacle as it were the appearance
of fire, until the morning.
16 n So it was always : the cloud co
vered it by day, and the appearance of fire
by night.
J; 17 And "when- the cloud was taken <> a,. 10.33,34,56.
up from the tabernacle, then after that
the children of Ifrael journeyed : and in
the place where the cloud abode there
the children of Ifrael pitched their tents.
1 8 At the commandment of the Lord
the children of Ifrael journeyed, and at
the commandment of the Lord they
pitched : as long as the cloud abode upon
the tabernacl'e they refted in the tents.
19 And when the cloud § tarried long sneb.ww*
upon the tabernacle many days, then the
children of Ifrael kept the charge of the
Lord, and journeyed not.
20 Andyi? it was when the cloud was
a few days upon the .tabernacle ; accord
ing to the commandment of the Lord
they abode in their tents, and according
to the commandment of the Lord they
journeyed. 21 And fo it was, when the cloud
* abode from even unto the morning, and *Hcb-™"-
that the cloud was taken up in the morn
ing, then they journeyed : whether it was
by day or by night that the cloud was
taken up, they journeyed.
22 Or whether it were two days, or a
month, or a year, that the cloud tarried
upon the tabernacle, remaining thereon,
the children of Ifrael p abode in their
tents, and journeyed not : but when it
was taken up they journeyed.
23 1 At the commandment of the
Lord they refted ia the tents, and at the

p Exod. 401 36, If.
q Seech. 1.54. Sti.
20. Exod. 39. 42.
&40.T6.&23.21,22. Mat. 28. 20.
Prov. 3. 5, 6. PC
32. 8. & 48. 14. &
73. 24. 8c 107. 7.
Sc 143. 10. If. 55.
4. & ll. 12— 14.
Mat. 16. 24. iCwr,
11. 1.

Making and ufe of the fiver trumpets.

CHAP. X.

Order of their camp in marching.

Beforechrm COmmandment of the Lord they jour-

A1

a More trumpets
were afterward.

neyed : they kept the charge of the
Lord, at the commandment of the Lord
by the hand of Mofes.
CHAP. X.
Exhibits ( I ) God's injunctions for the making and
ufe of the filver trumpets; I — io. (2) The or
derly march of the Ifraelites from mount Sinai into
the wildernefs of Par an; 11 — 28. (3) Mofes'
entreaty of Hsbab, his brother-in-law, to continue
with them ; 29 — 32. (4) Mofes' prayer at the
removal and refiling of the ark, according to the di
rection of the cloudy pillar ; 33 — 36.
ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Make thee \ two trumpets of filver ;
^ef2C^s,'i6. of b a whole piece fhalt thou make them ;
£'s88!',!.'Hol?s.,.: that thou mayeft ufe them for the calling:
II. 27. 13. Rom. J . .&
». i5, is. of tbe aflembly, and for the journeying
llExod. 25. 18, 11. r .U
Eph. 4. 5. ll 11. of the camps.
3 And when they fhall blow with them
eP£u.lfs-lh c all the aflembly fhall affemble them-
luii.aS.'^K. felves to thee at the door of the taberna
cle of the congregation.
4 And if they blow but with one trum
pet, then the princes, who are d heads
of the thoufands of Ifrael, fhall gather
themfelves unto thee.
5 When ye blow an alarm, then e the
camps that lie on the eaft parts fhall go
forward. 6 When ye blow an alarm the fecond
fch^ 10-16. ver. time, then the f camps that lie on the
fouth fide fhall take their journey : they
s ver. 3. pr. 40. 9, fhall blow an alarm for their journeys,
10. Prov. 8. 4. & -r-, , , J . J .

d£xod.l8.2T. Deut.

e Ch. 2. 3—9. ver.
14— 16.

1. zi, 22.' & 9. 4, 7 s But when the congregation is to
c.Koin. 10. 15,18. / O O
pi.8i.3.&89.i5. De gathered together, ye fhall blow, but
I «;: ,7: i?.' jer. ye fliall not found an alarm
23. 32. Joel 2. 15. •'
*om. 10. 15. Heb,
5. 4.

8 And hthe fons of Aaron, the priefts,

fhall blow with the trumpets ; and they
ifhall be to you for an ordinance for ever
throughout your generations

Before Chrift
1490.

i Ch. 31. 6. 2 Chr.

d And if ye ' go to war in your land ' «: \lril
< JO -L. . 6. 5, 6. De

Jofli.
6. 5, 6. Deur. 20,
1—3-

againft the enemy that opprefleth you,
then ye fhall blow an alarm with the
trumpets ; and ye fhall be k remembered k£n-8-'-Pf-««-
before the Lord your God, and ye fhall
be faved from your enemies.
10 Alfo ' in the day of your gladnefs, ' c^f0^ffff.
and in your folemn days, and in the be- Ichf.^/offcz?.
ginnings of your months, ye fhall blow ^.^'jf™
with the trumpets m over your burnt- "t-Pf-8,;'-
offerings, and over the facrifices of your m* s^nllm
peace-offerings ; that they may be to you
for n a memorial before your God : I am nEr6°dLet'i|^0'
the Lord your God. l^o.jonU.?.
1 1 ^f And it came to pafs on the
0 twentieth day of the fecond month, in »Ch<-'*9:<-
the fecond year, that the cloud was taken
up from off the tabernacle of the tefti
mony. 12 And the children of Ifrael p took " ^y ££&
their journeys out of the wildernefs of y:& Exodt ,£,.
Sinai ; and the cloud refted in the wil- ^Jf^*
dernefs of Paran.
13 And they firft took their journey
1 according to the commandment of the q S^YJcTpV.
Lord by the hand of Mofes.
14 % r In the firft place went the 'T^:^,^
ftandard of the camp of the children of I^vef^2?' i9~
Judah according to their armies : and
over his hoft was Nahfhon the fon of
Amminadab. 1 5 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Iflachar was Nethaneel
the fon of Zuar.
16 And over the hoft of the tribe of

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — We need repeated excite
ments to the moft pleafant and folemn fervices of God ; though
it is an infinite favour that, in thefe deferts of trouble, we may keep
the Lord's folemn feafts. Thofe who know their value will de
light in the obfervance, and rejoice to fee' others hungering and
thirfting after God's ordinances, even when hinderances are laid
in their way. Minifters ought ever to be careful in debarring
fcandalous finners from the feals of the covenant ; yet, on the con
trary, ever cautious, and attentive to God's word, in determining
¦particular cafes. But here let me reflect on the mercy that,
though we Gentiles were-of old afar off", and in our uncleannefs,
God hath brought us nigh by the blood of his Son, and hath pro
vided a fecond, a gofpel paflbver for us ! If then we be unavoid
ably difappointed of public ordinances, let us take the firft oppor-
Vol. I.

tunity of approaching his houfe or table. Providential hinderances
may difappoint us of the means, but cannot, if our hearts be right,
deprive us ofthe grace thereof; God will amply fupply our wants
fome other way: while fuch as reject God's ordinances will be
rejected by him. Habitual negledt of the Lord's fupper is a fear
ful fign of a naughty heart. — Let Jefus, and Jehovah in him, be
our pillar of cloud, to direct our motions and refts ; and let us be
always obedient to his tokens : no fafety can be had in going be
fore him ; and no comfort can be had in loitering behind him.
Let me be ready, with comfort, to fee this cloud remove into the
eternal ftate, where I expect a more abiding habitation ; that when
death comes I may have nothing to do but to remove ; and, even
by the way, let God fix my refidence and lot as he pleafes ; and
there let me contentedly pitch my tent.
F(

Hobab detained with the Ifraelites.

N.UM-B.ERS.

T'he ark leads Ifrael: Mofef prayer's*

Pa' ore, Chrift
i4-;o.

s Ch. T. it. Heb. 11.
2.7, 2,'i. tV 7. ]U. SC
9'. 10, 11. zCor.-5.
1, 4. 2 Pet. 1. 14.
t Ch. 7. 5—-). & 3.
i5» *A JJ, 37- #
4. zz— 32.
n'Ch. 2.ir- — 16. &"T.
2C — -2,5, & 26. 5— •
38. ver. 6.

X Ch. 2. 17. &3.27
— J2. & 4. 4— Ifj.
& 7. 9. 1 Chr. ic.
a. The moft holy
furniture.
y That is, T&e Or-
ftionites and theMe-
rarites: feever.17.
zCh,2.i8 — 24. & 1.
32— 37. & 26. aa
—41. Pf. 80. 1,-2.

aCh. z.25— 31.&1.
38 — 45. & 26/42
¦ — 50. Gen. 49. 16,
37. Deut. 25, i&.
Jofh. 6. 9.

the children of Zebulun was Eliab the
fon of Helon.
1 7 And the tabernacle was ! taken
down ; and the fons of Gerfhon and the
fons of Merari fet forward, c bearing the
tabernacle. 18 5F And u the .ftandard of the camp
of Reuben fet forward according to their
armies : and over his hoft was Elizur the
fon of Shedeur.
19 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Simeon was Shelumiel
the fon of Zurifhaddai.
20 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Gad was Eliafaph the fon
of f)euel.
21 And the Kohathites {et forward,
x bearing the fandluary : and y the other
did fet up the tabernacle againft .they
came. 22 5T And the z ftandard of the camp
of the children of Ephraim fet forward
according to their armies : and over his
hoft was Elifhama the fon of Ammihud.
23 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Manafleh was Gamaliel
the fon of Pedahzur.
24 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Benjamin was Abidan the
fon. of Gideoni.
25 if And the a ftandard of the camp
of the children of Dan fet forward, which
was the rereward of all the camps
throughout their hofts : and over his hoft
was Ahiezer the fon of Ammifhaddai.
26 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Afher was Pagiel the fon
of Ocran.
27 And over the hoft of the tribe of
the children of Naphtali was Ahira the
fon of Enan.

Before ChriS
1490.

b Hcb.f'hefe, ver. 35,
36 ch. 1J.&21. 5.
Pf. 8=. 1,2. &'68,
2,8, 9. Song 6. 10,
Col. 2. 5/ 1 Cor.
J3i40,

i Judg. 1. 16. & 4.
11, 17. I Sam, 15.
6. Jet. 35. 2.

e Job 20. 15. Zech.
2. 8. Gal. 4. is,
Pf.32.8.

Reflections upon Chap. X. — In thefe trumpets I difcern
the pure and precious gofpel of Chrift, and hear its joyful found
proclaiming the fufficiertcy and .fuitablenefs of Jefu> and his right
eoufnefs, calling finful men tip him and his ordinances, and encou
raging them in their journey heavenward, and in their fpiritual
warfare with fin, Satan,. the world, and death. Let me alfo obferve,
that even Sinai-viiits, the moft noted opportunities of intimacy
with God, come quickly to an end ; and that, in this world, we
but remove from one wildernefs to another. While, in the He
brews' orderly march, I difcern the ranfomed ofthe Lord, directed .

28 b Thus were the journeyings of the
children of Ifrael according to their ar
mies when they fet forward.
29 if And Mofes faid unto c Hobab,
the fon of Raguel the Midianite, Mofes' eExod».,8. &,.,,.
father-in-law, We are journeying unto
the place of which the Lord faid, I will
give it you : come thou with us, and we
will do thee good :• for the Lord hath.
fpoken good concerning Ifrael.
30 And he faid unto him, I will not
go ; but I will depart to mine own land,
and to my d kindred.
3 1 And he faid, Leave us not, I pray
thee ; forafmuch as thou knoweft how
we are to encamp in the wildernefs, and
thou mayeft be to us e inftead of eyes.
32 Andit fhall be, if thou go with us,
yea, it fhall be, that what goodnefs the
Lord fliall do unto us, the fame will we
do unto thee.
22 ^[ And they departed from the
f mount of the Lord three days' journey : (ft%\1%?
and the £ ark of the covenant ofthe Lord se*°^s.
went before them in the three days' jour
ney, to h fearch out a refting-place for
them- Mat. II. 28, 2,.
24 And the 1 cloud of the Lord was iE»d.. >.«,«.
,,i 11 ch. 9. 16 — 22. Pf.
upon them by day, when they went out
of the camp.
35 And it came to pafs, when the ark
fet forward, that Mofes faid, k Rife up,
Lord, and let thine enemies be fcattered ;
and let them that hate thee flee before
thee. 36 And when it refted he faid, l Re
turn, O Lord, unto the H many thou
fands of Ifrael. m
CHAP. XI.
Since the affair of the golden calf (Exod. xxxii. xxxiii.)
the Hebrews had been generally dutiful and happy :

. ,2r, 22.
with Deut. 9. 9.
& 10. 5. If. 55. 4.'
Heb. 3. 1. & 10.

hDeut.i.3j.Jer. 31.
2. Ezek. 20. 6~

105. 39. & 99. 7.

kl'f.68.l,2.&2.0i &21.8— 12..&83.'
13—17, & ^.'23.
& 92. 7, 9. & lie.
I, 5, 6.

I Pf. 90. 14— 17. &
132.8. & 85.6,7.
& 80. 3, 7, 19.
Mic. 7. 19.
|| Heb. ten thmf&nd
thoufands.

by the Lion of the tribe of Judah, and having his Father's prefence
among them, marching in- goodly order to their heavenly Canaan,
let me exert myfelf to gain others, particularly my relations, to God
and glory. There is in him enough for us all. And happy are
they if grace make them to forget their- father's houfe, and their
own people, to go to the Lord ! While therefore we have his or
dinances with us, let us ftrive together in prayer for his prefence
therein ; that it may be our effectual defence againft enemies, and
a fource of every neceiTary comfort.

ffraelites plagued for murmuring.

C H A P. XI.

Mofes frets : feventy elders appointed.

Before Chrift
1490.

s" Or were as it were
¦ complainers.

a Ch. IO. 33. & I.
2-4. & 16.41. c-
ve'r54^6. Ex-'a5' Lord heard it

but now, J ) By tbrir unreasonable murmuringrthey
draw a fi.rv plague upon themfelves, which is re
moved by Mofes' interceffion; 1 — 3. (2) Imme
diately a/te:, ike people are diffatisfiedat the manna, and
for want of i\ efij ; which laft God, in ivrath, beftows
on them for a whole month, and renders a deftruiTlive
plague to them; 4 — 9, 16 — 23, 31 — 35. (3) Pro
voked by the people's murmuring, Mofes grieves for
•want of help to govern them ; and has feventy ciders
promifed, who fhould be qualified by the Spirit of God,
and given to him for his affiftants ; 1 o- — 1 7, 24 — 30.
ND when the people * a complained
it + diipleaied the Lord : and the
and his anger was kin-
\^f^\w. died ; and the b fire of the Lord burnt"
feems ihcy. were among them, and confumed them that
weaned with lot- q '
thTiel^s "ge- were in the c uttermoft parts ofthe camp.
Ih"'. ... 2 And the people d cried unto Mofes ;
f Heb. ;/ was evtl m ft ?
,be ear,, f,8cc. an(j wjlen Mofes e prayed unto the Lord
tPf.78.2I.&2I 9. , _ + ' 1 J
12. c^ the fire + was quenched.
3 And he called the name of the place
-a pr. 7s. 34. 3«- H Taberah ;' becaufe the fire of the Lord
1 Sam. ia. 19- fee *
EXod. «. 3. burnt among them.
*&Vio1iij«n: l i«[ And the f mixt multitude that was
5. 16—18. if. 45. " 11
Ys'.ztlp^ic&z;. among them fell a lulling : and the chil-
j-Heb.w. dren of Ifrael alfo § wept again, and faid,
iTh.ti.,.i«»v. g who fhall give us flefh to eat ?
i!ev.z^.'io,'ii.' r "We remember h the fifh which we
iCov. 15. 33. \ J -
inch, returned a** did eat in Egypt freely ; the cucumbers,
Zr" A.Dr.« and the melons, and the leeks, and the
% I Cor. 10. tr. Pf, 78. ' '
iZta}tfs^' onions, and -the garlick :

16. 35. Lev. 10,
c Deut. 25. 18.

6 But now our foul is ' dried away ;
there u nothing at all, befides this manna,
before our eyes.
7 And k the manna was as coriander-
feed, and the * colour thereof as the co-

ver. 18.
h Phil. 3. 19. Jam. 3.
15. Rom. 8. 7, 8.
Pf. 17. 14. Luke
-15." 16. -
i 2 Sam. 13. 4.
If. 53.1,3.
Jt Exod. 16. 12—
55. Gen. 2. 12-
Song 5. 16. 1 Cor.
V. pet J0?? '' lour of bdellium.
-«Heb.V»/'««'*' 8 And the people went 1. about, and
uohrf6.27,,3,35, gatnered #» and ground // in mills, or
-Hebl'ialls'S: beat />in a mortar, and m baked it in pans,
2 Cor. 5. 21. Gal. 1 i i r '
3- '3- and made cakes of it
raf.X2o.'phi1i!'.f,9.' was as the tafte of frefti oil
-jj?f. 119. 103. &
19. IO.

and the tafte of it

2. 2. Iiph. 3. 8.
Rom. io."8. Ails
j»j. 26. Eph, 1. 13.

9 And when the n dew fell upon the
"S&^Vcft. camp in the night the manna fell upon it.
16 % Then Mofes heard the people
weep throughout their families, every
man in the door of his tent: and the
"£#.*£* ,72: ° anger of the Lord was kindled greatly;
;i7-V°-?>J'>'I: Mofes alfo was dilpleafed.
2.!4,20.i&3.8. & -. ,-..-,- /• • 1 J-l T
¦l°s7ffi1tif' ii -And Mofes faid unto the Lord,
dL, icor Wherefore haft thou * affhfted thy fer-
r£j*': )%: P»:'vant? and" wherefore have I not found
« 20. 7) B, 9.

BcforfChrift 1490. _

favour in thy fight, that thou layeft the
burden of all this people upon me ?
12 Have I conceived all this people?
have I begotten them, that thou fhouldeft
fay unto me, ft Carry them in thy bofom, q 4r;.^fYh«*.
as a nurfing- father beareth the fucking 7'"'
child, unto the land which thou fwareft
unto their fathers ?
12 Whence ''fhould I have flefli to rJ<*n 6.7,9, «.
^j % Kin. 7. 2. 0:4.
give unto all this people ? for they weep ^^"'fiJi:
unto me, faying, Give us flefli, that we zffJi'Jdzil9'
may eat'. ^ - ..
1 4 I am not able to bear all this people
alone, becaufe it is too heavy fox me.
15 And if thou deal thus with me,
5 kill me, I pray thee, out of hand, if I s\KfJVd%'t
have found favour in thy fight ; and let Heli-W^'3'
me not fee my wretchednefs.
16 ^f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Gather unto me c feventy men of tile el- '?g|^S^
ders of Ifrael, whom thou knoweft to be m ™'*'Z7~
the elders of the people, and officers over
them ; and bring them " unto the taher- "E^-^-ch.s.,.
nacle of the congregation, that they may
ftand there with thee. ' ., .
17 And I will x come down and talk x ^i',,1^*
with thee there : and I will y take of the ?*Kii, *i5. io>r.
fpirit which is upon thee, and will put it
upon them; and they fhall z bear .the. z^;,|^D3e.uu
burden of the people with thee, that thou Gii-6'z-
bear // not thyfelf alone.
18 And fay thou unto the people,.
a Sanctify yourfelves againft to-morrow, "^S-^il.
and ye fhall eat flefh : for ye have wept
in the ears of the Lord, faying, b Who 'w.Xitw1'"
n n n \ - r ¦ ,. Exod. 16. 3,12.
fhall give us flefli to eat ? for it was well
with us in Egypt: therefore the Lord
c will give you flefh, and ye fliall eat. c mY^^-p-'1'
1 9 Ye fhall not eat one day, nor two '
days, nor five days, neither ten days, nor
twenty days ;
20 But even a t whole month, until tneb.-**^
it come out at your noftrils, and it be
loathlbme unto you ; becaufe that ye >
have d defpifed the Lord who is among d \V\lpT^.
you, and have wept before him, faying, ]£fff%^f^
Why came we forth out of Egypt,? ^Vffti^'tf
21 f And Mofes faid, The people 9'"ch'9'-2"' „
among whom I am are c fix hundred thou- '^c'b'.V^5!.*
O '.__.. -,2,, ¦¦ ¦' *
fand footmen; and thou haft faid, I will
t 1

Flefh lufedfor

NUMBERS.

becomes a plague.

Before Chrift
1490.

e John 6. 7, 9. 2 Kin.
7.2. &4-43. Luke
1. 18, 34. fee ver.
J3.

flf. 50.2. & 59.1.
Gen.T3.14. Jer.32,
17. Mic. 2. 7. Mat
14. 31.MaiK5.36.

Ver. 16, 26. with
Gen. 46. 27. Lev.
8.3—6. ch. 8. 9.

hExodj 40.38. &J4,
5. ch. iz. 5, Pi.
99.7.
i % Kin. 2. T5. Jam,
1. 17. 2 Cor. 3. 5,
I Cor. 12. 4,13.

3c 1 Sam. to- $, 6. &
19. 23, 14. 1 Cor.
1I.4,5.&I4.I,3.

1 Exod. iii. iv. 1 Sam
10. 22. Jer. 1. 6.
Ezek. 3. 14.

m Ver. 29. Mark 91
38, 39. Luke 9.
49.50. John 3.26,

give them flefh, that they may eat a
whole month :
22 ' Shall the flocks and the herds be
flain for them, toTuffice them ? or fhall
all the fifh of the fea be gathered together
for them, to fuffice them ?
23 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
f Is the Lord's hand waxed fhort ? thou
fhalt fee now whether my word fliall
come to pafs unto thee or not.
24 % And Mofes went out, and told
the people the words of the Lord, and
g gathered the feventy men of the elders
of the people, and fet them round about
the tabernacle.
25 And the Lord h came down in a
cloud, and fpake unto him, and l took of
the fpirit that was upon him, and gave it
unto the feventy elders : and it came to
pafs that, when the fpirit refted upon
them, they k prophefied, and did not ceafe.
26 But there remained two of the men
in the camp ; the name of the one was
Eldad, and the name ofthe other Medad :
and the fpirit refted upon them ; and
tKey were of them that were written,
but x went not out unto the tabernacle ;
and they prophefied in the camp.
27 And- there ran a young man, and
told Mofes, and faid, Eldad and Medad
do prophefy in the camp.
28 And Jofhua the fon of Nun, the
fervant of Mofes, one of his young men,
anfwered and faid, My lord Mofes, m for-
' bid them.

29 And Mofes faid unto him, Envieft
thou for my fake ? n would God that all
the Lord's people were prophets, and
that the Lord would put his fpirit upon
them. 30 And Mofes gat him into the camp,
he and the elders of Ifrael.
31 ^f And there went forth "a wind
from the Lord, and brought quails from
the fea, and let them fall by the camp,
* as it were a day's journey on this fide,
and as it were a day's journey on the
other fide, round about the camp, and as
it were H two cubits high upon the face of
the earth.
32 And the people ftood up all that
day, and all that night, and all the next
day, and they gathered the quails : he
that gathered leaft gathered p ten homers :
and they fpread them all abroad for them
felves round about the camp.
22 And while q the flefh was yet be
tween their teeth, ere it was chewed, the
wrath of the Lord was kindled againft
the people, and the Lord fmote the peo
ple with a very great plague.
34 And he called the name of that
place r Kibroth-hattaavah : becaufe there
they buried the people that lulled.
25 And the people s journeyed from
Kibroth-hattaavah unto Hazeroth ; and
§ abode at Hazeroth. CHAP. XIL
Here ( I ) Mofes hath his patience further tried, by
his own brother and fifter quarrelling with his mar-

Before Chrift
n 1 Cor. 14. 5. Phil,
I. 18. ACt. 26, 29..

0 Exod. 16. 13. Pf.
78. 26, 8c ioj. 49,

X Heb. as it were the .
vsay of a day.

[ One yard one
quarter.

p Exod. 16. 16, 36.
Pf. 78. 27. about
three pecks.

q Pf. 78. 30, 31. ic
106. 14, 15. Deut
28. 17. ch. 16. 49.
& 25. 9. Prov. I.
31, 32. & 14. 14.
Jer. 2. 17, 19. & 4.
18. & J. 25. & I,
19.

r Thztis,Tht graves
o//u/?,Deut.g.22. x Cor. 10. 6,
s Ch. 33. 17. Deut.
1. 1.

$ Heb. ihty zatre in,
tec.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — How often men fin outra-
geoufly, immediately after the moft folemn exercifes ; and make the
very commandments of Heaven the occafions of fuch finning ! We
often murmur againft the difpenfations of providence, even without
any fhadow of reafon-; nay, in dire£t contradiction to every rea
fon ; for ingratitude is the bafeft vice. Difcontented perfons
loathe their very bleffings, and feem folicitous to make themfelves
miferable; readily preferring the worft things which God with
holds to the beft which he beftows ; and even the filthy pleafures
of fin and fenfe to his unfpeakable gift of grace. — It is a fearful
mark of the curfe of God upon the heart when men repine amidft
plenty ! Thofe, who follow the people of God for bafe and carnal
ends, quickly become murmurers when they meet with difappoint-
ments. A mixture of carnal and felf-feeking men are ruinous to
the church ; and a mixture of carnal afFeftions are the plague of
the renewed heart. Through thefe it is that even the greateft
faints are apt to lofe their temper, extol their fervice, quarrel with
the difpofals of providence, and diftruft the power and kindnefs of

God, when they meet with great provocations from their fellow-
creatures — and to have fellowihip with the unfruitful works of
darknefs, when they are efpecially called to reprove them by a con
trary condutS. But God often tries his people, chiefly in refpedt
of their moft eminent graces, to humble them and to prove them,
when he finds them wanting ; for the meekeft are ready to wifli
themfelves freed from trials, rather than to glorify God under them ;
nay, to wifh death when their temper is very unfit for it? But
how richly God qualifies men for work when he calls them to it!
Let me then never grudge to any the honours for which God hath
fitted him ; never contemn the government which God hath ap
pointed ; never forbid thofe who aft for the honour of God, even
though they follow not with us ; nor ever neglect to accept the-
affiftance which God affords me in my work, though it fhould
eclipfe my renown! But let me always remember that a curfe or
frown attends even God's granting of that which men afk in a
murmuring and peremptory manner, and that he can eafily render
created comforts a tremendous and deftru&ive plague !

Miriam and Aaron murmur againfl CHAP. XII. XIII. Mofes: Miriam punifhed with leprofy.

Before Chrift
1490.

* It feems they
thought he had
polluted the holy
feed in,iiiarrying
Zipporah; and
that he had fol
lowed her advice
in the appoint
ment of tne le-
venty elders, and
not theirs.
a Or Cufbite, Exod.
2. 16, 21. &4- 20,
21. 8c 18. 2, 5, 6.
bProv. It. io. Exod.
4.30. &s- 1. &7.
10. & 15. 20. Mic.
6.4,
cGen. 29. 33. Pf. 94.
7— 9. & 90. 8. jer.
16. 19:
d 2 Cor. II. 5, 6. Pf.
106. 23, 32. Mat.
11.29. &21. 5. &
5. 5. 2Tim. 2. 10,
24.25. iTim.6.ll.
e Pf. 76. 9. & 7. 9.
If. 30. 13. Eccl. 8.
II. ch. 16. 16. Mat,
24. 42, 44.

f Gen. 11. 5. Exod.
34. 5. 8c 40. 38.
Pf.99.7.

gGen. 15.1.&20. 3.
0C46.2. Heb. 1.1.
Job33- 15. &4- 12
—19. Ezek, I. I,
Dan.S. 2. &10.8,
16, 17. Gen. jl.
jo, II. I Kin. 3. 5.

X Not an ordinary
prophet.
hHeb. 3.2. 1 Cor. 4.
2. ITim. 3. 15.
Mat. 25. 21, 23.
iExod. 33. 11. ch.i.t.
14. Deut. 34. 10,
k Ezek. 17. 2, 3- Pf.
49. 5. & 78. z.
I Cor. 13.. 12.
lExod.-3f.23. &34.
5 — 7. with Deut.
4. 15.
Bft2Pet.2.io. Jude 8.
n Ch. 11. r, 10. Hof.
5. 15. ver. 10.

riage and government ; 1 — 3. (2) God calls them
to account for their conduSl, vindicates Mofes, and
punifhes Miriam, who had been firft in the tranf-
greffion, with a leprofy; 4 — 10. (3) Aaron fub-
mits; and, upon Mofes' interceffion, Miriam is
healed, but is expofed to fhame feven days ; 1 1 — 16.
AND* Miriam and Aaron fpake againft
Mofes, becaufe of the Ethiopian
woman whom he had married ; for he
had married an a Ethiopian woman.
2 And b they faid, Hath the Lord
indeed fpoken only by Mofes ? hath he
not fpoken alfo by us ? And the Lord
c heard /'/.
3 (Now the man Mofes was d very
meek, above all the men which were upon
the face of the earth.)
4 And the Lord fpake z fuddenly unto
Mofes, andxinto Aaron, and unto Miriam,
Come out ye three unto the tabernacle of
the congregation. And they three came
out. 5 And the Lord f came down in the
pillar of the cloud, and ftood in the door
of the tabernacle, and called Aaron and
Miriam : and. they both came forth.
6 And he faid, Hear now my words :
s If there be a prophet among you, / the
Lord will make myfelf known unto him
in a vifion, and will fpeak unto him in a.
dream. 7 My fervant Mofes is * not fo, h who
is faithful in all mine houfe.
8 With him will I fpeak ' mouth to
mouth, even apparently, and knot in
dark fpeeches ; and the l fimilitude of the
Lord fhall he behold : wherefore then
were ye not ra afraid to fpeak againft my
fervant Mofes ?
9 And n the anger of the Lord was
kindled againft them, and he departed.
1 o And the cloud departed from off the

Before Chrift
1490.

tabernacle ; and, behold, ° Miriam became,
leprous, white as fnow : and Aaron looked ov, ,
upon Miriam, and, behold, Jhe was le
prous.

9. 2 Kin. 5. 27.
2 Chr. 26. 16—21.
Lev. xiii. Jer. 2.
17, 19. & 4. 18. &
5. 25. & 6. 18.
1 1 And Aaron faid unto Mofes, p Alas, p*js™.|+i<>.wj
my lord, I befeech thee, lay not the fin J™^'**
upon us, wherein we have done foolifhly,
and wherein we have finned.
12 Let her not be as one i dead, of'^'-^'"-
whom the flefh is half confumed when
he cometh out of his mother's womb.
1 3 And Mofes r cried unto the Lord, **££%£.)"£
faying, Heal her now, O God, I befeech
thee. 14 ^f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
If her father had but 5 fpit in her face,
fhould fhe not be afhamed feven days ?
let her be ' fhut out from the camp feven J ^'f^ff; *
days, and after that let her be received iChr-i6'aj>"-
in again. 1 5 And Miriam was fhut out from the
camp feven days : and the people jour
neyed not u till Miriam was brought in '"!£: ££&&]:
again. 1 6 ^f And afterward the people removed
from Hazeroth, and pitched in the x wil
dernefs of Paran.

45. fee ch. 11. 2.
Exod. 8. 12, 30. &
9. 29, 33. Sc 10.
iS.

s Job 30. 10. If. 50. fi.

x Ch. 10. 12. 8c n.
35.&33.TS.&13.3. De«t.l.i.&33.
2. Hab. 3. 3., Gen*
21. -I.

CHAP. XIII.
The Hebrews had juft come to the fouth border of Ca
naan; and here (i) God, provoked by their diftruft'
of his promife and care, commands them tofipy out the
land by fome of their principal men ; 1,2. ( 2 ) Mofes
nominates twelve fpies, and inftrucls them how to
fearch it; 3 — 20. (3) In forty days they review
the whole country, and bring back a remarkably .
fruitful clufter of grapes;, 21 — 25. (4) All the
fpies, except Caleb and Jofhua, report that, however
fruitful the land was, it was impoffible for them to
conquer the powerful inhabitants and ftrong cities
thereof; 26 — 33.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,

faying,
2 a Send thou men,

. , a Deut. 1.20—'-!.
that they may ch- »¦. '*-*¦*' &

1. 5—16.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Too common, but very fin
ful, are contentions among faints ; nor doth any thing produce
hotter difputes than jealoufy of power. Grace, natural affection,
duty, and fafety, are all trampled under foot when men ftrive for
grandeur and rule. But God takes a peculiar pleafure in vin
dicating and honouring his faithful minifters or people. He re
marks exa&ly, and feverely avenges, the injuries done to thofe who,
from a meek regard to his law, will not avenge themfelves. It is
dangerous therefore to revile God's fervants : they who do it fhall
at laft be obliged to bow to them, and confefs their lin. Yea,

often God deals moft fharply with his principal favourites when
they offend him ; and marks the abominable nature of their fin in-
the filth, pain, or fhame, of their punifhment. But it is becoming.
when offending faints make the deepeft fubmiffion?. And accept
able to God, honourable to us, and effectual for our neighbour's
advantage, are fincere and affectionate interceffions for thofe who
have injured us. But, even while our fins hinder our heavenly
journies, the Lord will take care of our honour and comfort, if
once we be penitent and humble,

Spies fent to view Canaan.

NUMBERS.

^fh'ey fearch the land, and return fafe.

Before Chrift
I4QO.

b Exod. 18. 25. ch.
11.-16. Deut. 1.75.
Such were iruU
likely to-be cou
rageous, and their
teitimony to be
credited.
C Ch. 33. 18. Deut.
J. 19. & 9. 23.

d 1 Chr. 4. 15. ver.
30, 16. ch. 14. 6,
24,38. &26. 65. &
27. 15 — 23. Deut.
31.7— 17._fofh.14.
6—15. & 15. I3—
19. with Judg. 1.
10 — 15.
e Exod, . f. 9—13.
&24. 13. Sc 32.
17. ch., 27. 18—.
22. Deut. 31. 14,
23. Jofh. i— xxiv.

Ue fhall fave. Jofh.
i — xxiv. Acts 7.45.
Heb.4.8. &7-25.
JvIaM. 21. iThef.
1. IO.

g Into the fouth
country, Judg.l.
iS-Jolh. 15..3.
Gen. 12. 9. &I2.I.
Deut. 1. 44. ch. ,
14. 4°-

fi Neh. 9, 45, 3J.
Exod. 3, 8. Ezek.
34- 14*

fearch the land of Canaan, which I give
unto the children of Ifrael : of every tribe
of their fathers fhall ye fend. a man, every
one a b ruler among; them.
2 And Mofes, by the commandment
ofthe Lord, fent them from the wilder
nefs of Paran : all thofe men were c heads
of the children of Ifrael.
4 And thefe were their names : Of the
tribe of Reuben, Shammua the fon of
Zaccur. 5 Of the tribe of Simeon, Shaphat the
fon of Hori.
6 Of the tribe ofjudah, d Caleb the fon
of Jephunneh.
7 Ofthe tribe of Iffachar, Igal the fon
of Jofeph.
8 Of the tribe of Ephraim, " Ofhea the
fon of Nun.
9 Of the tribe of Benjamin , Palti the
fon of Raphu.
10 Of the tribe of Zebulun, Gaddiel
the fon of Sodi.
11 Of the tribe of Jofeph, namely ',- of
the tribe of Manaffeh, Gaddi the fon of
Sufi. 1 2 Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the
fon of Gemalli.
1 2 Of the tribe of Afher, Sethur the
fon of Michael.
14 Of the tribe of Naphtali, Nahbi
the fon of Vophfi.
1 5 Of the tribe of Gad, Geuel the fon
of Machi. 1 6 Thefe are the names of the men
which Mofes fent to fpy out the land.
And Mofes called Ofhea the fon of Nun
f Jehofhua. 1 7 5f And Mofes fent them to fpy out
the land of Canaan, and faid unto them,
Get you up this way e fouthward, and go
up into the mountain :
1 8 And fee the h land, what it is ; and
the people that dwelleth therein, whether
they be ftrong or. weak, few or many;
1 9 And what the land is that they dwell
in, whether it ' fe good or bad; and what
cities they be that they dwell in, whether
in tents or in ftrong holds ;
20 And what the land is, whether it

Before Chrift '
1490.

gOOCl i Deut. 31.6—8.
Ji'fh.1.5— 9- Eph.
6. 10. 2'finiv 2.1,
1 Cor. 16. 13.

be fat or lean, whether there be wood
therein or .not. And be ye of '
courage, and bring of the fruit of the
land. (Now the time was the time of
the firft-ripe grapes.)
21 <jf So they went up, and fearched
the land from the wildernefs of k Zin *%£&,!%¦
unto Rehob, as men come to Hamath. ^afn.Vg.Amos
s r - '
22 And they afcended by the fouth,
and came unto ' Hebron;' where Ahiman, ' ^H;?"^0*;
Shefhai, and Talrnai., the children of
Anak^ were. (Now Hebron was- built
feven years before mZoan in Egypt.) "^/^i**
23 And they came unto the n brook of ar.
Efhcol, and cut down from thence

21, 22. & 15. 14. .
Judg. 1. 10. ver.
28, 33.

1 Valley, Deut. 1.
24,25.

"branch with one clufter of grapes, and Bn^u"fi,t
they bare it between two upon a ftaff ;
and they brought of the pomegranates,

.3.1
Rev. 22.

and of the figs
The

p Exod. 24. 18. with
34- 28. ch. 14. 33,
34-

24 1 ne place was called, the brook
+ Efhcol becaufe of the clufter of grapes *$%$:**"
which the children of Ifrael cut down
from thence.
25. And they returned from fearching
of the land after p forty days. •
26 ¦ ^f And they went and came to
Mofes, and to Aaron, and to all the con
gregation of the children of Ifr-ael, unto
the wildernefs of Paran, to^Ivadefh; and 'SSSS^i'i
.Drought back word unto them, and unto i.s9zIoL'hX'
all the congregation, and fhewed them
the fruit ofthe land.
27 And they told him, and faid, We
came unto the land whither thou fenteft
us, and furely it floweth with rmilk and 'S.!,!pl'
honey; and this is fhe fruit of it. p."^,;^ ¦
28 Neverthelefs, the people be s ftrong ^Deut.,.28.&2.,o,
that dwell in the land, and the cities are Aasd: &.*&£"
walled, and very great : and, moreover,
we faw the children of Anak there.
29 The l Amalekites dwell in the land * *V-1i
of the fouth : and the Hittites, and the
Jebufites, and the Amorites, dwell in the
mountains : and the Canaanites dwell by
the fea, and by the coaft of Jordan.
30 And Caleb u ftilled the people before "%)4:^:^i ¦
Mofes, and faid, Let us go up at once, ..JaTi^.'!
and poffefs it ; for we are well able to

ExoJ.
6. Judg. 6.
3. I Sam. 15. 7.
Gem.- 10. 15 — lor"
c!*' 34.3 — i2.Joih.
13. -2—0. .

16.

overcome it.
31 But the

men that went up with

3f he fpies df courage the Ifraelittis.

CHAP. XIV.

The people murmur.

Before Thrift-'
1490.

2J
2 11.

Ch. 11. I3, 22,
I T-am. 27. I,
ek. 37. 11. Jer.
•.;. 1.1.^=4.25.
7. 9.13.

him faid, x We be not able to go up againft
the people, for they are ftronger than we.
32 And they brought up an evil ? re
port of the land which they had fearched
y VfiCi-h' -unto the children of Ifrael, faying, The
land,, through which we have gone to
*lf;\tlfJff fearch it, is a land that z eateth up the
t\Tcoauiitr)Ce m inhabitants thereof; and all the people
sBflffzfT"- that we faw in it are a men of a great
iChr. 11.23. Amos r\ t
2.9. itature.
feJifi4,.V5'.s.'>S 33 And tnere we faw b the giants, the
».Deut.i.io. ^oas 0f ^nak, which come of the giants :
c if. 40. 22. 1 sam. and we were in our own fight as c grafs-
17. 42. Deut. 9. 2. „ m O ^ io
hoppers, and fo we were in their fight.
CHAP. XIV.
Reprefents the final breach between God and that gene
ration cf Ifraelites, for their unbelief and contemp!
of the promifed land. ( 1 ) Crediting the report of
the wicked fpies, the whole congregation bitterly mur
mur againft God, and propofie returning to Egypt :
norjould all that Mofes and Aaron, Caleb and Jo-
fhtta, could fay, ftill their tumult; 1 — 10. (2) God
having threatened them with utter and immediate
definition, Mofes intercedes for them, and earnjftly
fiupplicates mercy and forgivenefs; 10 — 19. (3) At
A-Iofes' requft, God mitigates thc ficntence; fwears
that none of that generation, except Caleb and Jo
fhua, fhould ever enter Canaan ; but promifes to
give it to their children, after their wandering forty
years in the wildernefs ; 20 — 3-5. (4) The public
and immediate death of the wicked fpies, and the difi-
comfiture of fuch as, contrary to God's command, at
tempted diremy to invade Canaan, confirmed the
threatening, and prefiaged the ruin ofthe other muti
neers ; 36 — 45.
&Exod.,s.24.&i4. A ND a11 tne congregation a lifted up
11. Sc 16. 2, 3. Sc f\
17. 2, 3. ch. 11. 1, *B*. -A-
2. & 16. 41. Sc 20.

their voice, and cried ; and the

¦SSfe.'lE PeoPle we^ that ™ght<
100., 25. Jude 16.

2 And all the children of Ifrael mur
mured againft Mofes and againft Aaron :
and the whole congregation faid unto
bch.Eu.|,is,&2o. them, b Would God that we had died in
l^9j2itl°% the land of Egvpt ! or would God we
7. 15. ve, 28,29. had died in this "wildernefs!

Before Chrift n, 12. Sc
3. Sc 17. 3. ch.
IT. 5,6. Sc 20. 4,
Sc 2T. 5. v/iih

3 c And wherefore hath the Lord
brought us unto this land, to fall by the ellZTT
fword, that our wives and our children
fhould be a prey ? were it not better for It'^'"^
us to return into Egypt ?
4 And they faid one to another, d Let d 1?^%^
us make a captain, and let us return into I?l6'
Egypt. 5 Then Mofes and Aaron e fell on ^^Y7^'7'
their faces before all the aflembly of jfijf^:
the congregation of the children of j°9-^
Ifrael. 6 f And f Jofhua the fon of Nun, and lcf;ry>ft7'1("10-
Caleb the fon of Jephunneh, which were
of them that fearched the land, * rent g°f/s^:?}t
their clothes: is'.^l^.^- '
7 And they fpake unto all the com
pany of the children of Ifrael, faying,
The land, which we pafled through to
fearch it, is an h exceeding; good land. *Xh*i£?£t

8 If1 the Lord delight in us, then he i2Sa
and give it "-s-Ws-i..

will bring us into this land

us; a land which floweth with milk and
honey. 9 Only rebel not ye againft the- Lord, .
neither fear ye the people of the land ; for
they are k bread for us : their defence is ^pfiV+fclJ
departed from them, and the * Lord is , Rom s %1 'm
with us : fear them not. t'&,tlj^-lz7
io But all the congregation bade mftone ^i.ioeut.Vo.
O '-p J, 4*
them with ftones. And the n glory of the mExod.i7.4..sam.
Lord appeared in the tabernacle of the mu'-j.'s,^:"'
congregation before all the children of "^.V^'
rr s ch.i2.5.&i6.i9.
ffraef. 42. & 20. 6..Lev.
Q. 2J;
1 1 ff And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
Tx ij ... , . , , , opr.94.8. &95.S.
0 How long will this people provoke mer Dc«->-,3*- H
and how long will it be ere they believe
me, for all the figns which I have fhewed
among them ?
12 I will p fmite them with the pefti- p oo^W-h.
r pi. 106. 23, 26, 27.
lence, and difinherit them, and will make- f^^-^i^.

3. 18. John 12.37.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — It is hazardous to indulge
our own fenfes and reaforiings rather than fimply to fubmit to the
revelations of God; for often the Lord choofes men's delufion?,
and permits them to be enfnared by their own unbelieving devices.
How often are moft of thofe, who are employed in the moft im
portant tranfaftions, evil and wicked ; and get themfelves re
marked, chiefly to their lafting difhonour ! Yea, the manifold ex
perience of the power of God, and the frequent repetition of. his
promifes, are of little avail with" fuch as have abandoned them
felves to the rage of their unbelief. The cowardly heart magni

fies every obje£t, and ir+creafe every difficulty; and unbelief ob-
ftinately concludes every enemy too mighty for us: while zeal
for Go'd dares 'every danger, and fahh makes men confident- of
fuccefs. Credit therefore, O my foul, what the Lord hath fpoken
concerning the heavenly Canaan and my entrance into it. Let
me live by faith, not by fight. Let not unbelief and carnal fenfe,
but faith and hope, be my fpies, to enter within the vail. And let
repeated taftes of grapes from Efhcol, repeated taftes of intimate
fellowlhip with God, make my heart defire to depart,, and be with.
Chrift, which is far belter..

Mofes intercedes for the people.

NUMBERS.

Goff's punijhing of them mitigatedi

Before Chrift
1490.

of thee

4 Exod.32. 12. Deut.
32.27. Jolh. 7.8,9.

ulxorl. 15. 14. Jofh.
2. G.&5- l.ch.12.
8. Exod.13. 21, 22.
fc33- II. &40. 38.
ch. 9.T5 — 21. Neh.
9..19. Pf. 78. 14. &
-105. 39.

s Exod. 32. 12. Deut.
g. 28.

fVer. 19. Pr. 25. II.
Exod. 34. 9, 10.

« Exod. 34. 6, 7. &
20, 5. Pf. 103. a.
& 86. 5, 15. Neh.
I. 3. Mic. 7. 18.

xPf. 51.1, 2. Jon. 4.
2. Pf. 145. 8. Rom.
5. 20,21. Eph. 2.7.
Ezek. 20. 8, 9.
*-Or hitberu.

y Pf.To6, 7,-8. 2Sara.
12. 13. Jen. 3. 10.
Ezek. 20. 9, 14,
17, 22.
zLev. 10. 3. If. 5.16.
Ezek. 18. 3. & 20.
33. & 5. 11. Deut.
32. 40. Pi'. 0. 16. 8c
jS.JS.8cit.itl.

a Excd. 17. 2. Pf. 95.
g. Mal. 3. 15.
bOrten, Gen. jl. 7-
Job 19. 3.
C Heb. if they fee the
land, Deut. I. 35.
Pf. 95. II. 8c 106.
26. Heb. 3. 17.
Ezek. 20.^5. ver.

greater nation and mightier
than they.
13 ^f And Mofes faid unto the Lord,
i Then the Egyptians fhall hear it ; (for
thou broughteft up this people in thy
might from among them;)
14 And they will tell it to the inhabit
ants of this land : for they r have heard
that thou Lord art among this people,
that thou Lord art feen face to face, and
that thy cloud ftandeth over them, and
that thou goeft before them, by day-time
in a pillar of a cloud, and in a pillar of fire
by night.
1 5 Now ^thou fhalt kill all this people
as one man, then the nations which have
heard the fame of thee will s fpeak,
faving, 1 6 Becaufe the Lord was not able to
bring this people into the land which he
fware unto them, therefore he hath flain
them in the wildernefs.
1 7 And now, I befeech thee, let the
power of my Lord be t great, according
as thou haft fpoken, faying,
1 8 The Lord is u long- fuffering, and
of great mercy, forgiving iniquity and
tranfgreflion, and by no means clearing
the guilty, vifiting the iniquity of the
fathers upon the children unto the third
and fourth generation.
19 Pardon, I befeech thee, the iniquity
of this people * according unto the great -
nefs of thy mercy, and as thou haft for
given this people from Egypt even ' until
now. 20 And the Lord faid, I have y par
doned according to thy word :
2 1 But, as truly as I live, z all the
earth fhall be filled with the glory of the
Lord. 22 Becaufe all thofe men which have
feen my glory, and my miracles, which
I did in Egypt and in the wildernefs,
have a .tempted me now thefe bten times,
and have not hearkened to. my voice;
23 c Surely they fhall not fee the land
which I fware unto their fathers, neither
fhall any of them that provoke me fee it :
24 But my fervant Caleb, becaufe he

d had another fpirit with him, and hath
followed me fully, him will 1 bring into
the land whereinfo he went ; and his feed
fhall poflefs it.
25 (Now the Amalekites and the Ca
naanites, dwelt in the valley.) To-morrow
e turn you, and get you into the wilder
nefs by the way of the Red-fea.
26 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
27 f How longjhall I bear with this evil
congregation, which murmur againft
me ? I have heard the murmurings of
the children of Ifrael, which they mur
mur againft me.
28 Say unto them, g As truly as I live,
faith the Lord, as ye have fpoken in
mine ears, fo will I do to you :
29 Your carcafes fhall fall in this wil
dernefs ; and all that were numbered of
you, according to your whole number,
from twenty years old and upward, which
have murmured againft me,
30 Doubtlefs ye fhall not come into
the land, concerning which I + fware to
make you dwell therein, fave Caleb the
fon of Jephunneh and Jofhua the fon of
Nun. 31 But your h little ones, which ye faid
fhould be a prey, them will I bring in,
and they fhall ' know the land which ye
have defpifed.
32 k But as for you, your carcafes,
they fhall fall in this wildernefs.
33 And your children fliall wander
in the wildernefs l forty years, and m bear
your whoredoms, until your carcafes be
wafted in the wildernefs.
34 After the number of the days in
which ye fearched the land, even n forty
days (each day for a year) fhall ye bear
your iniquities, even forty years, and ye
fhall know " my breach of promife.
35 I the Lord have faid, p I will furely
do it unto all this evil congregation, that
are gathered together againft me: in this
wildernefs they fhall be confumed, and
there they fliall die.
36 ^f And the men which Mofes fent to
fearch the land, who returned, and made

Before Chrift
1490.
d Jofh. 14, 6, 8, 9, 14.
Deut.1.36. 1 Sam.
10. 6. ch. 32.11,12,

eVer. 4. Pf. 106. 14,
&81. 12,13, Deut.
1. 40.

fVer. 11. If. 7. 13. &
43- 24, & 59. 1,2.
Je.r. 4.14. 8c 13.27.
Frov.l. 22. Pf.04.
8. & 95. 8.

g Ver. 2. 21. ch.
26. 64, 65. & 32.
II, Deut. 1. 35.
1 Cor. 10.10. Heb.
3. 17. Pi. 95. 11.
Ezek. 20. 15. Pi.
50. 8, 9. 8c 78. 33.
Prov. 1. 31. & 14.
14. Jer. 2. 17, 19.
& 4. 18. 8c 5. 25.
& 6. 18, 19.

J Heb. lifted up my
hand.

h Deut. t. 39. eh.
xxvi. Joih.iii-3fJt.
V(. -ri. $i, Se.&
105. 44. & 135, 12.
8c 136. 21, 22.
Neh. 9. 23 — 25.
i PorTefs, ver. 2J.
Pf. 106. 24 — 27-
k See ver. 28— 30.

I Cb. 33. 38. Sc ij.
¦25,Dcut.i. 3-&2.
14. ver. 34. Neh,
9.21.
m Lcv."2o. 19. eh. 5.
31. 8c Vi. 23.

n Pf. 95. 10. Ezek. 4.
6. Rev. 11. 3. Dan.
9.24.

o Interruption,Zech. 11. 10.
Deut. 31. 16,17.
p 1 Cot. 10.
3- lo

ll. Heb.

*fhe death of the fpies*

CHAP.

Before Chrift
<l Ch. 13.32.

r I Cor. TO. 10. Heb
3. 17. Jude 5. ver
io, 12. ch. 26. 6$.
Prov. 13. 17, 21.

3Heb. 12.17. Milt. 8.
12. Prov. 19. 3.
t Deut. I. 41. Rom.
8.7,8. ver. 4. Act j
14. 13.

uDeut.I.42. Hof. 9.
12. Job 40. 2. & 9.
4. Prov. 1. 31, 32.
If. 59. 1, 2. Jer. 2.
17, 19. & 4. 18. &
5-25.&6. 19. ver.
41.43-

jcDeut. 1. 41,43. ch.
15. 30.
yCh..9.i5.& 10.33.

all the congregation to murmur againft
him by bringing up a q flander upon the
land, 37 Even thofe men that did bring up
the evil report upon the land r died by
the plague before the Lord.
38 But Jofhua the fon of Nun, and
Caleb the fon of Jephunneh, which were
of the men that went to fearch the land,
lived fill.
39 And Mofes told thefe fayings unto
all the children of ifrael : and the people
s mourned greatly.
40 ^f And they ' rofe up early in the
morning, and gat them up into the top
of the mountain, faying, Lo, we be here,
and will go up unto the place which the
Lord hath promifed ; for we have finned.
41 And Mofes faid, a Wherefore now
do ye tranfgrefs the commandment of
the Lord ? but it fliall not profper.
42 Go not up, for the Lord is not
among you ; that ye be not fmitten before
your enemies.
43 For the Amalekites and the Canaan
ites are there before you, and ye fhall
fall by the fword : becaufe ye are turned
away from the Lord, therefore the Lord
will not be with you.
44 But they x prefumed to go up unto
the hill-top : neverthelefs ? the ark of the
covenant ofthe Lord and Mofes departed
not out of the camp.
45 Then the Amalekites came down,

63.
ch. 21. 3. Prov. 13,
21. Pf. 140. II.
aCh. 21. 3. Judg. 1.
17. 1 Sam. 30. 30.

XIV. XV. $he law of meat-offering
and the Canaanites which dwelt in that "1490-"
hill, and fmote them, and l difcomfited z Deut. ¦ 44.1 co,
7 7 10. 11. IJ.63. IO.
them, even unto a Hormah.
CHAP. XV.
To prefigure Jefus' receiving gifts for men, yea, for
the rebellious, God here manifefts his reconcilement
to the Hebrews, by giving them new laws, part of
which were to be obferved only in Canaan ; appoint
ing (1) The ftated quantities of the meat-offerings
and drink-offerings which tvere to attend the burnt-
offering or peace-offering of a fheep, goat, lamb, or
bullock, prefented by an Hebrevj or profielyte; 1 — 16.
(2) The heave-offerings of their dough; 17 — 21.
(3) Sacrifices for the fins of ignorance committed by
the congregation, or by a particular perfon ; 22 — 29.
(4) The infallible punifioment of prefumptuous fin
ners ; an inftance of which is given in a fabbath-
breaker; 30 — 36. (5) The wearing of fringes
on the borders of their garments, as memorials to
excite them to an exacl obedience to God's laws ;
37—41-
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, a When ye be come
into the land of your habitations, which
I give unto you,
3 And will make an b offering by fire
unto the Lord, a burnt-offering, or a
facrifice, in * performing a vow, or in a
free-will-offering, or in your folemn feafts,
to make a c fweet favour unto the Lord,
ofthe herd or ofthe flock;
4 Then fhall he that offereth his offer
ing unto the Lord bring a d meat-offer
ing of c a tenth-deal of flour mingled with
the fourth part of an hin of oil.

a Lev. 23. 10. Ezek.
20. 34— 37. ch. 34.
2. 8c 35. 10. Deut.
7. 1. 8c is.. 1,9,55
19. 1. & zi. 1. &
26. 1. & 27. 1. &
31. 1.
b Lev. i. iii. & 27. 2.
8c 7. 16. &;2. 21.
8c xxiii. ch.xxviii.
xxix. Deut. 16.10.
* Heb. feparating.

c Exod. 29. 18. Gen.
8. 21. Mat, 3. 17.
Eph. 5. 2.
d Lev. ii. Exod. 29.
40. Gal. 2.20. Eph.
5. 2. If. 66. 20.
Ma1. 1 11. Roui.
15. 16. Heb. 13.16.
e Exod. 16. 16, 36. &
29. 40. Lev.i ,. 21.
ch. 28. 13, 21, 29.
& 29. 4, 10, 15.
ver. 6, 9.

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — Theheadftrongandunmor-
tified paflions of finners hurry them furioufly on to their own ruin :
and fuch as are difcontented with God's providence, and refolve
to mend themfelves, always make the matter worfe and worfe.
Unbelieving murmurers are prone to charge God himfelf with
the moft bafe and malicious defigns, and to wifh for mifery
under a pretence of care to avoid it. What an infinite advantage
is God's prefence- and favour! but if he leave us we become an
eafy prey to every invader. How noble is it when the abufed fer
vants of Chrift in meeknefs inftrudr them that oppofe themfelves,
if God, peradventure, will give them repentance, to the acknow
ledging of the truth! Though often they draw upon themfelves
barbarous treatment from fuch as they labour to fave. But God
tenderly remarks the dangers of his faithful fervants, and interferes
for their relief in the critical moment. What a blefling to a na
tion are thofe who can effectually plead their caufe at a throne of
grace; wreftle for mercy and forgivenefs; and fill their mouth
with arguments, from God's own honour, power, declared mercy,
and patience, and their own former experience thereof! God is
Vol. I.

ready gracioufly to hear and anfwer fuch interceffions, even when
he will not forbear fhewing his indignation at the fins which have
provoked him ! He keeps an exacl: account of men's conduit, that
he may reward or punifh it in due time. Terribly offenfive to him
is the contempt and difcrediting of his promifes, and moft effectual
for provoking him to abandon the guilty to irretrievable and ever
lafting ruin! But ringleaders in guilt, and prefumptuous adven
turers, in oppofition to God's exprefs command, often fall under
diftinguifhed marks of his wrath, and are made pledges of the final
deftrudtion of thofe whom they have feduced to, or encouraged in,
fin. Take heed, therefore, O my foul, left I be hardened through
the deceitfulnefs of fin ; left there be in me an evil heart of unbe
lief, departing from the living God : and fear, left, a promife being
left me of entering into his reft, I fhould feem to come fhort of it
through unbelief! But let me be a man of another fpirit than the
world; and let me fingly cleave to, and fully follow after, the
Lord. If for fo doing men revile and perfecute me, God will am
ply reward me with an inheritance incorruptible, undefiled, and
that fadeth not away. G g

The law ofthe meat-offering, &c<

NUMBERS.

Law.forfns of ignorance.

Before Chrift
1490.

f Mat. 26. 28. John
6. <;. Phil. z. 17
alun, 4. 6.

5 And the fourth part of an hin of wine
for a f drink-offering fhalt thou prepare
with the burnt-offering or facrifice for one
lamb. 6 Or for a ram, thou fhalt prepare for
a meat-offering two tenth-deals of flour
mingled with the third part of an hin
©f oil. -
7 And for a drink-offering thou fhalt
offer the third part of an hin of wine, for
a fweet favour unto the Lord.
8 * And when thou -prepare!! a bullock
dr"roffe"inns:ssn'1 for a burnt-offering, or for a facrifice in
which ncceiTanly J . O 7 J rr •
performing a vow or peace-offerings' unto

» Here is ftated the
quantity of thoie
meat-offeringsand

attended other
offerings ; but not _
fhch as were offer- tUe JL^ORD ;
1b5i-'^es' 9 Then fhall he bring
meat-offering

Lei

of

with
three

a bul-
tenth-

mingled with half an hin

g'Exod. 12. 4V- I-cv.
19. 34. ch. 9. 14.
ver. 29. Gal. 3.2$
Col. 3. II. Epb.l.
«— 22.

fhall
lock a
deals of flour
of oil. 10 And thou fhalt bring for a drink-
offering half an hin of wine, for an offer
ing made by fire of a fweet favour unto
the Lord.
1 1 Thus fhall it he done for one bul
lock, or for one ram, or for a lamb, or
a kid. 1 2 According to the number that ye
fhall prepare, fo fhall ye do to every one
according to their number.
13 All that are born of the country
fhall do thefe things after this manner, in
offering an offering made by fire of a fweet
favour unto the Lord.
14 ^f And if a ftranger fojourn with
you, or whofoever be among you in your
generations, and will offer an offering
made by fire of a fweet favour unto the
Lord, as ye do fo he fhall do.
15s One ordinance fhall be both for you
of the congregation, and alfo for the
ftranger that fbjourneth with you, an
ordinance for ever in your generations :
as ye are, fo fhall the ftranger be before
the Lord.
1 6 One law and one manner fhall be
for you and for the ftranger that fojourn -
eth with you.
ly % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 8 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,

and fay unto them, When ye come into
the land whither I bring you,
19 Then it fhall be that, when ye eat
of -h the bread of the land, ye fhall offer
up an heave-offering unto the LoRd.
20 Ye fhall offer up a cake of the ' firft
of your dough for an heave- offering ; as
ye do k the heave-offering of the threfhing-
floor, fo fhall ye heave it. ,
21 Of the firft of your dough ye fhall
give unto the Lord an heave-offering in
your generations.
22 ^f And if ye have x erred, and not
obferved all thefe commandments which
the Lord hath fpoken unto Mofes,
23 Even m all that the Lord hath
commanded you by the hand of Mofes,,
from the day that the Lord commanded
among your

Before Chrift
1490.

hJolh.5.ii.If.28,2j'.

i A twenty-fourtb-
parroFit,Ptov.}.
QtIO. Ezek. 44.30.
Neh. 10. 37. be
fides ch. 18.12,26.
Exod. 23. rg. Lev.
23. 22. I Cor. 15.
20, 23. Rev. 14. 4,
Rom. 11. 16.
k Lev. 2. 14. 8c 23,.
jo, 16, 17.

II.ev.,4.1,3,13, 14.
& 5. 3—10. Ezra
8. 35. ver. 8—10.
Lev. 16.15. ch. 28.
15.22,30. & 29. 4,
II, 16, 19, 22, 25*
28, 8cc. vet. 24.
m Exod. xii. Deut.
xxvii.

Mofes, and henceforward

generations ;

24 Then it fhall be, if ought be com
mitted by ignorance '•' without the know
ledge of the congregation, that all the
congregation fhall n offer one young bul

f Heb. frcm the ises.
This law is differ
ent from that ia
Lev. iv.
n See on ver. 22..

lock for a
favour unto

for a fweet
thd Lord, with his meat-

burnt-offering,

offering and his drink-offering, according
to the + manner, and one kid of the goats
for a fin- offering.
25 And the ° prieft fhall make an
atonement for all the congregation of the
children of Ifrael, and it fhall be forgiven
them ; for it is ignorance : and they fhall
bring their offering, a facrifioe made by
fire unto the Lord, and their fin-offering
before the Lord, for their ignorance :
26 And it fhall be forgiven all the
congregation of the children of Ifrael,
and the ftranger that fojourneth among
them ; feeing all the people were in ig
norance. 27 ^f And pif any foul fin

% Or ordindnte*

0 Lev. 4. to* 26, 3*»
35.~Mat. 3. 17,
Eph.1.6,7. iTirru.
1. r?. R.om.3. 2g..
Ails 13. 39. Xuka
23. 34. 1 John 2. 2..
fee ver. 27, 28.

through

ignorance, then he fhall bring a fhe-goat
ofthe firft year for a fin-offering. N
28 And the q prieft fhall make an
atonement for the foul that finneth igno-
rantly, when he finneth by ignorance
before the Lord, to make an atonement
for him ; and it fhall be forgiven him.
29 Ye I fhall have one law for him

pSecLcv.,4. 27. ver»
jo. Pf.19.1ji

q Lev. 5; d 8c 6. 7.
&12.-8. Sc 14. 18.
ver. 25. If. 42.21.
aGor. 5. 19—21.
1 John T.7. &2. i»
2. fee ver. 25*"

r See ver. 1$. Lev.
16. 29. & 17.15 Sc
24.22. R.om.3.29,
30. a els 15.29. &;

Punifhment of prefumptuous fnner.

CHAP. XV. XVI.

Blue fringes.

Before Chrift
1490.

t) Heb. with an high
hand.
S Deut. 17. 12. Pf. ig.
S. Ezek. 20. 27.
;n. 17. 14. Lev.
20.3,6, 10. Pi. 51.
16. Mat. 12. 32.
Heb. 10. 29.

t Prov. 13. 13. E2ra
Q. 14. Pf. 119. 126.
Heb. 10.28, 29,38.
Mat. 12. 31, 32.
Job 9. 4, &40. 2.

u Exod. 16. 23. & 20.
8.9. &31. 14, 15.
& 35. 2.

X Lev. 24. 12. tf ith
Exod. 31. 14. 8c
35- *•

J Exod. 31. 14, 15.
8c 35. 2. Lev. 24.
14, 23. Afls 7. 58.
I Kin. 21.12. Heb.
13. II.

z Lev. 24. 14, 16,23.
Exod. 19.13. Deut.
13. 10. 8c 17. 5. &
21. 25. 8c 22. 2 1,
24. Jofh. 7. 25.
I Kin. 21. 12. Acts
7-58.

:. Deut. 22. 12. Mat.
23. 5. & 9. 20.

that finneth through ignorance, both for
him that is born among the children of
Ifrael and for the ftranger that fojourneth
among them.
30 ^ But the foul that doth ought Nspre-
fumptuoufly, whether he be born in the
land, or a ftranger, the fame reproacheth
the Lord ; and that foul fliall be cut off
from among his people.
3 1 Becaufe he hath t defpifed the word
of the Lord, and hath broken his com
mandment, that foul fhall utterly be cut
off; his iniquity fhall be upon him.
32 ^f And, while the children of Ifrael
were in the wildernefs, they found a
man that gathered flicks upon the u fab
bath-day. 33 And they that found him gathering
fticks brought him unto Mofes and Aaron,
and unto all the congregation.
34 And they put him * in ward, be
caufe it was not declared what fhould be
done to him.
25 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
The man fhall be y furely put to death :
all the congregation fhall ftone him with
ftones without the camp.
36 And all the congregation brought
him without the camp, and * ftoned him
with ftones, and he died ; as the Lord
commanded Mofes.
37 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 38 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and a bid them that they make them
fringes in the borders of their garments
throughout their generations, and that
they put upon the fringe of the borders a
ribband of blue :
39 And it fhall be unto you for a

Before Chrift
*49°-
Of bExod. 13.0. Deut.
6.6—g.Sc 11. 18,

c Prov. 28. 26. Deut.
29. 19. Job 31. 7.
Ezek. 6. 7. Heel.
ll.g. 2 Kin. 16.10.
Exod. 34. 15. Pf-
106. 39. cV 73.27.
Jam. 4. 4.

d Gen. 17. 7. Exod.
20. 2. & ig. c, 6.
Lev. 22. 3;. ei 25,
30. 8c 11. 45.

fringe, that ye may look upon it, and
b remember all the commandments
the Lord, and do them ; and that ye
feek not c after your own heart and your
own eyes, after which ye ufe to go a
whoring :
40 That ye may remember and do all
my commandments, and be holy unto
your God.
41 * I am the Lord your God, who
brought you out of the land of Egypt, to
be your God : I am the Lord your God.
CHAP. XVI.
Here we have God's giving of laws again interrupted
by a moft terrible mutiny in -the congregation.
(l) Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, with their ac
complices, raifie a rebellion againft Mofes and Aaron.
Korah and his Levites contend for the priefthood.
Dathan, and Abiram refufe to obey the orders of
Mofes as a leader. Mofes appeals in both caufes to
God's determination; I — 15. (2) While Korah,
and his fellow-pretenders to the priefthood, make their
prefumptuous appearance at the tabernacle for the
Lord's decifion, he difcovers his glory ; and had con
fumed the whole congregation which had taken part
with them, had not Mofes and Aaron interceded for
them; 16 — 22. (3) God, in a moft awful man
ner, gives judgment againft thefe rebels. Such as
continued in their tents were fwallowed up alive by
the earth : fuch as prefented themfelves at the taber
nacle were confumed with fire from heaven ! Their
cenfiers were afterivards formed into plates, as a fe
cond covering for the brazen altar, and for a memo
rial to deter others from invading the prieft's office:
22—40. (4) On the morrow after the people up
braided Mofes and Aaron as murderers of thefe re
bels, and the Lord punifhed their fin by a terrible
plague ; but, by Mofes' interceffion, and Aaron's
offering of incenfe, it was quickly flopped; 41—50.
NOW a Korah the fon of Izhar, the »^,'-&
fon of Kohath, the fon of Levi;
and Dathan and Abiram the fons of
Eliab, and On the fon of Peleth, fons
of Reuben, took men:
2 And they rofe up before Mofes, with

ah
and his Levites
hated fubjcelion
to Aaron and his
family : and thefe
fons of Reuben
thought the prin
cipal rule in rhc
itatc belonged to
them, a.; defcend
ed from Jacob's '
eldeft fon.

Reflections upon Chap. XVj — Behold the propriety of a
juft proportion in our religious fervices, and the care of God to
have his minifter-s decently provided for! But chiefly behold the
agreeable nourifhment and heart-cheering confolations ofthe Holy
Ghoft, which attend the offering of our Redeemer once for all !
Behold the kindnefs of God, in inviting the Gentiles to his church,
and prefaging their entrance into it in due time, in fuch a multi
tude of laws, favourable to ftrangers I Behold how the Lord muft
be honoured with the firft-fruits of all our fubftance! But efpe
cially behold the indifpenfable neceflity of Chrift, as our propitia
tion for fin, however inadvertently it be committed; and the infi
nite danger of wilful and prefumptuous finning exemplified iin this:

violation of the fabbath ! Is it not fhameful that we fhould need

""•u ""- *f"-»- «• •-.->—" -  &~.  - - --¦- — j  -.- 
blood, and rely on his atonement alone, let me cheerfully give
myfelf, and' all that I have, to the Lord. Never dare to fin againft
light and love ; to violate the fabbath of the Lord my God, by
thinking my own thoughts, fpeaking my own words, doing my
own ways, or finding my own pleafures. But let his law be
written on my heart; find every providence, every enjoyment, be
improved by me as an excitement to holy obedience !
Ga 2

'fhe rebellion of Korah,

NUMBERS.

Dathan, and Abiram*

Before Chrift
1490.

certain of the children of Ifrael, two
hundred and fifty princes of the aflembly,
. 26.9. Gen. 6.4- b famous m the congregation, men of
renown :
3 And they gathered themfelves toge

c Pf. 106. 16. Exod.
16. 4, ch. 12. 1, 2.
Jude II.
*Heb. It is much fet

gether c againft Mofes and againft Aaron,
and faid unto' them, * Te take too much

feeing all the congregation are
holy every one of them, and the Lord is

>». They pretend UDOn yOU, ^
to humble Mofes s. J > D_ . _D_ O
and Aaron, but
meant to exalt
wSfcongreJa^ among them : wherefore then lift ye up
tion are fit'tc of- /-, . . . J r , L
themfet^lnd y°urlelves above the congregation of the
the
S^. own hands. 4 «rr And when Mofes heard // he d fell
d See Gen. 17. 3, 17.

imfelves; and J
: Lord is ready T /-\-n t-\ ?
accept them at ijUJ^L) .

j"Ver. 35. with 46—
48. Lev. 16. 12,13.
1 Kiu. 18. 21, 24.

I see uen. 17. 3, 17. "
%&&%&#. UP°n hlS faCe :
0. ver. 22. 45- ^ £n^ ^e fpake unto Korah, and
eP.9.rcExo'd2Ixvi'ii:' unto all his company, faying, Even c to-
l^i^flpuH. morrow the Lord will fhew who are his,
and who is holy ; and will caufe him to
come near unto him : even him whom he
hath chofen will he caufe to come near
unto him.
6 This do ; f Take you cenfers, Ko
rah, and all his company ;
7 And put fire therein, and put incenfe
in them before the Lord to-morrow : and
it fhall be that the man whom the Lord
doth choofe, he fhall be holy : ye take
£ too much upon you, ye fons of Levi.
8 And Mofes faid unto Korah,. Hear,
I pray you, ye fons of Levi :
9 Seemeth it but a fmall thing unto you
that . the God of Ifrael h hath feparated
you from the congregation of Ifrael, to
bring you t near to himfelf to do the
fervice of the tabernacle of the Lord,
and to ftand before the congregation to
minifter unto them ?

J Ver. 3. I Kin. 18.
17, 18.

Lev. 20.26. ch. 8.
11—16. & 18. 2 —
6,21. Deut. 10. 8.
7. Chr. 35.3. Ezek.
44. 11. Neh. 12.
44.
, Nearer than other
tribes.

IO

And he hath brought thee near to

1 P.ov ll}. .
15, 16.

him, and all thy brethren the fons of
Levi with thee : and feek ye the prieft
hood alfo ?
1 1 For which caufe both thou and
all thy company are gathered together
^fff't sam. t ' againft the Lord : and k what is Aaron,
that ye murmur againft him?
1 2 % And Mofes fent to ' call Dathan
and Abiram, the fons of Eliab ; who faid,
We will not come up :
1 3 If it a fmall thing that thou haft
brought us up m out of a land that flow-

7! Luke 10. id
John 13. so.
k F'^od. 16. 7,8.
a Cor. 3. 5.

tc. q. Lev.
. Mat. i«.

* Vtt-fc ch. it. 5.
jV.\y-. f. d—'I'm.

eth with milk and honey, to kill us in the
wildernefs, except thou n make thyfelf
altogether a prince over us ?
1 4 Moreover, thou haft not brought us
0 into a land that floweth with milk and
honey, or given us inheritance of fields
and vineyards : wilt thou + put out the
eyes of thefe men ? we will not come up.
15 And Mofes was Pvery wroth, and
faid unto the Lord, q Refpect not thou
their offering:: r I have not taken one afs
from them, neither have I hurt one of
them. 1 6 •jf And Mofes faid unto Korah, Be
thou and all thy company s before . the
Lord, thou, and they, and Aaron, to
morrow :
1 7 And take every man his cenfer,
and put incenfe in them, and bring ye
before the Lord every man his cenfer,
two hundred and fifty cenfers ; thou alfo,
and Aaron, each of you his cenfer.
1 8 And they took every man his cenfer,
and put fire in them, and laid incenfe
thereon, and ftood in the door of the
tabernacle of the congregation with Mofes
and Aaron.
1 9 And Korah gathered ' all the con
gregation againft them unto the door of
the tabernacle of the congregation : and
the glory of the Lord appeared unto all
the congregation.
20 And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
2 1 u Separate yourfelves from among
this congregation, that I may confume
them x in a moment.
22 And y they fell upon their faces, and
faid, O God, the God of the * fpirits of
all flefh,1 fhall one man fin, and wilt thou
be wroth with all the congregation ?
23 \ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 24 Speak unto the congregation, fay
ing, a Get you up from about the taber
nacle of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram.
25 And Mofes rofe up, and went
b unto Dathan and Abiram ; and the elders
of Ifrael followed him.
26 And he fpake unto the congrega-

Eefore Chrift
'49°-
n Exod. 2. 14. &3.8>
PC 35. 11. & 106,
16. Ads 7. 39.

oExod. 3.8. Sc 3 j. j.
Lev. 20, 24.

% Heb. hurt tut, Lc.
blind with fair
words.

. 3. Eph. 4.
od. 32. 19.

p Ch. 12.
26. Ex<
Mark 3. 5,
qGeii,4.4.ver.6,f. r 1 Sam. 12. 3, 4.
I Thef, 2. 10.
2 Cor. 7. 2. Acls
20. 33. I have ne
ver uied my au
thority 10 opprefs.
any of them, but
to do them good
offices.
s Ver. it, 19.

t Ver. 11. ch. 14. t«
10. 8c 12. 5. Exod.
16. 7, 10. ver. 42.
Lev. 9.6,23. Prov.
l6. 29. & 13. K:

u Ver. 45. Gen. 19;
15, 17,22. Jer. 51.
6. ArTts 2. 40. Rev.
18. 4.
x Exod. 33. 5. Dan»
4. 31.
y See ver. 4.
z Ch. 27. 16. Eccl.
12. 7. H. 57. 16.
Zecn. 12. I. Heb.
12.9. Job 12. 10.

a Sec Ver. 2i, 16,45.

bVer. ii, ch. mrf,
>7-

tThe earth fwallows them up.

CHAP. XVI.

A new mutiny in the congregation.

Befo^chrift tion? faying, c Depart, I pray you, from
€2 cor. 6. i7. if. 52. the tents of thefe wicked men, and touch
elk wmu, nothing of theirs, left ye be confumed in
all their fins.
27 So they gat up from the tabernacle
of Korah, Dathan, and Abiram, on every
fide : and Dathan and Abiram came out,
d\f81VbjI-T&' anc^ d ft°°d in the door of their tents,
To.tscV.'ztzi. and their wives, and their fons, and their
illz.9'1, "'' little children.
28 And Mofes faid, Hereby ye fhall
know that the Lord hath fent me to do
e all thefe works ; for / have not done them
f of mine own mind.
29 If thefe men die "'the common
death of all men, or if they be s vifited
after the vifitation of all men, then the
Lord hath not fent me.
% Heb. create, erea. ^Q But if the LORD § L make a JieW
b io*-, 1. 3. pr. 55. thing, and the earth open her mouth,
and fwallow them up, with all that
appertain unto them, and they go down
quick into the pit, then ye fhall under-
ftand that thefe men have provoked the
Lord. 31 ^f i And it came to pafs, as he had
*s.8c65MS&'%: made an end of fpeaking all thefe words,
&J?:j"-M-K that the ground clave afunder that was
1 1 Jief. 5. 2, 3. Job O
rro4v*34°'7?'pf. under them :
32 And the earth opened her mouth,
and fwallowed them up, and their houfes,
eCnroth's and all the men that appertained k unto

c Exod. vii— xl.
Lev. i— xxvii,
ch. i — xv.
f 1 Kin. 12, 35.
Ezek. 13. 17.

S Punifhed, Exod.
20. 5. Sc 32. J4.
Lam. 4. zz.

*5> 13-

iCh.2%j.&26. 10,
11. Deut. 11. 6.

k Some of
fons were
rai.t£v: Korah, and all their goods.

»Lev. 10. r. Pf.icfi.
t 17, 18. ver, .1. 17,

22 They, and all that appertained to
them, went down alive into the pit, and
the earth clofed upon them : and they
perifhed from among the congregation.
34 And all Ifrael that were round about
2.."irot'.2"'.4.?' tnern l fled at the cry of them: for they
faid, Left the earth fwallow us up alfo.
25 And there mcame out a fire from the
Lord, and confumed the two hundred
and fifty men that offered incenfe.
36 ^f And the. Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 2f Speak unto Eleazar the fon of
Aaron jhe prieft, that he take up the
cenfers out of the burning, and fcatter
* w.vt. 10. ch. 26.. tj10u ^ £rg y0ncJer. for they are nj^l,
lowed..

38 The cenfers of thefe e finners *%r]hf
againft their own fouls, let them make 0iKin.2.23.Pr0v.
them broad plates for a covering of the
altar : for they offered them before the
Lord, therefore they are hallowed : and
they fhall be p a fign unto the children of ";£&£¦££-
Ifrael. zvtll°6.)'ue7.
39 And Eleazar the prieft took the
brazen cenfers, wherewith they that
were burnt had offered ; and they were
made broad plates for a covering of the
altar :
40 To be°^ a memorial unto the children ^f&'i",'?: \X)t
of Ifrael, that no r ftranger, which is not TIJ'lS
r 1 r r O » r Lev. 22. 10—13.
ofthe feed of Aaron, come near to offer ^;&Vg.*}7;,B'
incenfe before the Lord ; that he be not
as Korah and as his company: as the
Lord faid to him by the hand of Mofes.
41 <[f But s on the morrow all the con- iVf^:l£f;™t~
gregation of the children of Ifrael mur- T^Je'ch.™:!;
mured againft Mofes and againft Aaron, Xw£% &, »l
faying, Ye have killed- the people of the
Lord. 42 And it came to pafs, when the con
gregation was gathered againft Mofes and
againft Aaron, that they looked toward
the tabernacle of the congregation : and,
behold, the cloud covered it, and the t^0,V&Diff
r glory of the Lord appeared. It 3i'' Lcv' 9' *
43 And Mofes and Aaron came before
the tabernacle of the congregation.
44 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,.
faying, 45 u Get you up from among this »5«y«.h,2j,i«».
congregation, that I may confume them
as in a moment. And they x fell upon x^e&4;4Ms.c,hc"'..
.1 • r 21.16. Mat. 26.30.
their faces. re=.cen. 17.3,17.
46 *[f And Mofes faid unto Aaron, Take
a cenfer, and put fire therein from off '
the altar, and f put on incenfe, and go T $$££&.'£
quickly unto the congregation, and make W™. I. if if.
an atonement for them :. for there is wrath
gone out from the Lord ; the plague is-.
begun. 47 And Aaron took as Mofes com
manded, and ran into the midft of the
congregation; and, behold, the plague-
was begun among the people : and he
1 put on incenfe, and made ah atonement ^^j.il^L"*
for the people*

The plague flayed.

NUMBERS.

Aaron s rod fiourifhes.

Eefi49Coh.rift 48 And he a flood between the dead
mh,„. 3. ,6-,8. and the living ; and the plague was flayed.
zts£?ilflz: ^.q Now they that died in the plague
were fourteen thoufand and feven hun
dred, befide them that died about the
matter of Korah.
b 2 Sam. 24.-2

J Chr. 21

|.2J. .26.

50 And Aaron b returned unto Mofes
unto the door of the tabernacle of the
congregation ; and the plague was flayed.
CHAP. XVII.
Enough had been done to deter every Levite from any
competition with Aaron and his fons for the prieft-
,hood ; but perhaps fome princes of the other tribes
flill inclined to be priefts to thofe under their autho
rity : this point is therefore here divinely fettled.
( 1 ) All the chief princes -ftand candidates, in their
refipeclive rods lying before the ark of the Lord for
one night; 1 — 7. (2) By the miraculous budding
of Aaron' s rod on the morrow, while the reft conti
nued in their dry and withered ftate, God marked
out Aaron and his family alone to enjoy the priefthood;
8, 9. (3) To commemorate this decifion, Aaron's
hloffoming rod is laid up before the ark, to be exhi
bited afterwards if need were; 10, n. (4) The
¦Ifraelites, not without murmuring, acquiefce in the
divine determination, and refolve not to came near
God's'holy things; 12, 1 3.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Speak unto the children of Ifrael, and
take of every one of them a rod according
*££*&£ h- to the houfe of their fathers ; of a all their
princes according to the houfe of their
fathers, twelve rods : write thou every
man's name upon his rod.

Before Chrift
1490.

3 And thou fhalt write Aaron's name
upon the rod of Levi : for one rod fhall
be for the head of the houfe of their
fathers. 4 And thou fhalt lay them up in the
tabernacle of the congregation b before hzff%^ut&%.
the teftimony, where I will meet with SS&'At? place.
you. 5 And it fhall come to pafs, that the
man's rod whom I c fhall choofe fhal oCb"l6'J-
bloflbm : and I will make to ceafe from
me the murmurings of the children of
Ifrael, whereby they murmur againft
you. 6 % And Mofes fpake unto the children
of Ifrael ; and d every one of their princes ^"-'-^-m-iS.
gave him " a rod apiece, for each prince * ^.Vlf/flrZ
one, according to their father's houfes,
even twelve rods : and the rod of Aaron
was among their rods.
'7 And Mofes laid up the rods + before *2S?S
the Lord in the tabernacle of witnefs. °fwSftf^gth!:°
8 And it came to pafs that on the mor
row Mofes went into the tabernacle of
witnefs ; and, behold, the rod of Aaron
for the houfe of Levi was ' budded, and ' ™'£'$f££.
7 Ii.4. 2. &0.7.-P1. '
brought forth buds, and bloomed blof- jf^ Jf,1.'^
foms, and yielded almonds. Z1"2"
9 And Mofes brought out all the rods
from before the Lord unto all the chil
dren of Ifrael : and they looked, and took
every man his rod.

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — It is hard for the beft of
characters to ftand before envy. Unfan£tified honours often puff
up men to their own deftruction : and, if God exalt them above
moft of their brethren, they can endure to be in fubjecTion to
none. Yea, God permits unfan£tified profeffors, efpecially mini
fters and magiftrates, to go often the moft fearful lengths in fin.
Every act of difobedience to, or contempt of, God's vicegerents
in the church or ftate, is by him accounted rebellion againft him
felf: and often would finful nations be utterly ruined, were it not
for the interceffion of thofe faints whom they- abufe and perfecute.
But God can, and fometimes does, execute upon prefumptuous fin
ners the moft terrible correfpondent vengeance. And though, with
care, he diftinguifhes between the more and the lefs guilty, yet
he lets up proper memorials of his judgment?, that others may hear,
and fear to do fo wickedly. But, notwithftanding, hardened fin
ners, who furvive, forget the moft awakening alarms, and return
to their perfecution of God's fervants ! Yet ftill, in the moft en
dearing manner, ought we to promote the welfare and falvation
of thofe who have injured us: and, when we are malicioufly ac
cufed, the greateft comfort is the teftimony of a good confeience.
How like unto their mafter Chrift do minifters a£t, when they
expofe their very lives to prevent the ruin of fuch as abufe them !
3

And quickly the Lord repents him of the evil, when earneftly en
treated by fuch as, along with himfelf^ are abufed by finners. Let
me now, with trembling, remember my faults this day. — How
often have I, asthefe rebels, gone about to eftablifh my own right
eoufnefs, and refufed to fubmit to the laws of Chrift ; and thus
attempted to thruft him from his office of prieft and king over the
people of God, in order that I might ufurp his place ! How often
have I refufed to come at his call, and offered" ftrange incenfe be
fore him ! How often, the moment in which I had witneffed the
awful vengeance of heaven, and obtained a diftinguifhed deliverv
ance, have I returned to my former iniquities ! And remarkably
is it ofthe Lord's mercies that I am not confirmed! not fwallowed
up alive into hell by an opening earth! not burnt with fire from
heaven ! But here let me admire the wonderful zeal and love of
my great High Prieft, when he ran from his throne of glory, when
he came among dying finners — himfelf expofed to all their mife
ries — to ftop the plague of fin, already begun in the woes of life,
the ftings of confeience, and the fentence of death ; and to bring in
everlafting righteoufnefs and redemption. How fuperior his Prieft
hood ! If they did not efcape who defpifed Mofes and. Aaron, how
fliall I efcape if I defpife Jefus the great High Prieft, Jefus the
Kiii!$ in Zion!

Before Chriff
'49°'
fHeb. 9.4. Exod. 16.
32. D. '

Deut?" 31. 19

f Heb. children of
rebellion.

g See ch. 8. 22. 8c g
2J.

h If. a6. tr. Prov.
19. j. Jude 16.
Ezek. 18. 25. ch,
14. 1. 8c 16. i*>

-LflWj* prefcribing prieff work. ,
10 f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
f Bring Aaron's rod again before the tef
timony, to be kept for a token againft the
f" rebels ; and thou fhalt quite take away
their murmurings from me, that they
die not.
11s And Mofes did fo : as the Lord
commanded him, fo did he.
12 And the children of Ifrael fpake
unto Mofes, faying, h Behold, we die,
we perifh,« we all perifh.
13 Whofoever cometh any thing near
unto the tabernacle ofthe Lord fhall die.
Shall we be confumed with dying ?
CHAP. XVIII.
Having fully confirmed the priefthood to Aaron and his
fons, God here reminds them ( I ) What fhould be
their work and charge, and what affiftance the Le
vites fhould give them in the more fervile part of it;
1—7. (2) What fhould be their wages ; what the
peculiar perquifttes of the priefts ; what the property
of the Levites, and what the priefts' fhare out of it;
32- ND the Lord faid unto Aaron,
Thou and thy fons, and thy father's
aInhfJer*abrietforbe houfe with thee, fliall a bear the iniquity
I0niHrie5. °f tne fandluary : and thou and thy fons
!o.'?o5£}£.I9r' with thee fhall bear the iniquity of your
ver. 22. Ezek. ¦ ai ¦»
is. 4- priefthood.
b?,' j&&?fcj: 2 And tn7 b brethren alfo of the tribe
It'ih'ctti.zJ. of Levi, the tribe of thy father, bring
thou with thee, that they may be joined
unto thee, and minifter unto thee : but
thou and thy fons with thee fhall mini/ler
before the tabernacle of witnefs.
3 And they fhall keep thy charge, and
c seech. 4. ^10. tho charge of all the tabernacle ; c only
they fhall not come nigh the veffels of
fehe fandluary and the altar, that neither
they nor ye alfo die.
'4 And they fhall be joined unto thee,
and keep the charge of the tabernacle of
the congregation, for all the fervice of

G H A P. XVIII. The Levites' affifance, and their wages.
the tabernacle

A1

and a d ftranger fliall not

Before Chrift
1490.

come nigh unto you. dch.3.io.&i.5}.
, „ ,. 1 1 1 r 1A I Sam. 6.19. ver.6.
5 And c ye fhall keep the charge ofthe eiCh ,,„.
fandluary, and the charge of the altar ; IfZ'fz^zThe
that there be f no wrath any more upon (c°'s\9Sci646
the children of Ifrael. Lev. 10.',, 2/
6 And I, behold, I have g taken your e cm- *.*, 45. &
brethren the Levites from among the
children of Ifrael : to you they are given
as a gift for the Lord, to do the fervice
ofthe tabernacle of the congregation.
7 Therefore thou and thy fons with
thee fhall keep your prieft's office for
every thing of the altar, and within the
vail; and ye fhall ferve: I have given*
your prieft's office unto you as a fervice of
gift : and h the ftranger that cometh nigh h $.¦&#*££
fhall be put to death.
8 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Aaron,
Behold, I alfo have given thee 'the charge ''^fhtilt
of mine heave-offerings of all the hallow
ed things of the children of Ifrael ; unto
thee have I given them k by reafon of the k^-Jsi*4';
anointing, and to thy fons, by an ordi- lC°r-9-i*>1''-
nance for ever.
9 This fhall. be thine of the l mufl1^:^!
holy things, referved from the fire : every t^odzMit-n.
oblation of theirs, every meat-offering of
theirs, and every fin-offering of theirs,,
and every * trefpafs-offering of theirs,
which they fhall render unto me, Jhall be
moft holy for thee and for thy fons.- ^tlltp:^-.
10 In the mmoft holy place fhalt thou i'&n'.nffff
eat it ; every male fhall eat it : it fhall be
holy unto thee-
11 And this is thine; the "heave-
offering of their gift, with all the wave-
offerings of the children of Ifrael : I have
given them unto thee and to thy fons,.
and to thy daughters with thee, by a
ftatute for ever : every one that is clean
in thy houfe fhah eat of it.

with 14. 13.

n Lev. 7/14, 30— 34.
8c 10! 14. &c 22. 10,
II. Exod. 29. *y.

Reflections upon Chap. XVlI. — It is very defirable to pre
vent all difputes among the people of G od ; but often very diffi
cult to extinguifh fome men's pretenfions to what was never
theirs. Abundant is the grace of God, who will even work mi
racles to prevent the fin. and ruin of fuch as have rebelled againft
him : and what a mercy is it when a minifter's call to his office is
manifefted by his fuccefs therein ; and if finners, even at the laft,
be brought to repentance ! Nothing furely but a remarkable be-
ftowal'of gracious influence will effectually flop all murfjiurings

againft the difpenfations of God, and bring finners to fubmit to
them. But in this budding rod let me not only behold the fruit
fulnefs of the Aaronic .priefthood, in its ufefulnefs to the people,
and the certain fucceffion of priefts, .while the ceremonial period
continued, with the fpeedy vengeance which overtook the in
vaders thereof j but let me chiefly remark the eternal, the fole
High Priefthood of our Lord Jefus, manifefted by the blefled
effects of the gofpel rod of his ftrength in the converiion, fanctifi-
cation, ^nd cemforr, of finful men.

Perquiftes andfalary of the

NUMBERS.

'priefts and Levites prefcrlbedi

Before Chrift
1490.
o Deut. 18. 4. Nell.
10. 35, jo. ch. 15.
19—21. Lev. 23.
38. Exod. 23. 15.
f Heb. fat.
p Deut. 26. 1. Exod
23. 19. Sc 14. 26,
Lev. 2. 14. ch. i>.
19.

q "Lev. 27. 28.

rF.xod. 13.2, 12, 13.
& 34. 2, 20. & 22.
29. Lev. 27^26.
ch. 3. 13.

e Lev. 17. 6, 25, 29.
ch. 3. 47.

t'Exod. 30. 13. Lev.
'27.25. ch. 3.4.7.
£zek. 45. 12.
u Exod. 34. 19. Lev.
27. 26. Deut. 15.
J9-

¦x Exod. 19. 20, 26.
ver..S, 9, 11.

yNeh. 13. 10. 2 Chr.
31.4. It;?}, ic—
12. Jdnuio. 13,14.
• Cor. 3. ii, 22.

1 2 " All the + beft of the oil, and all the
beft ofthe wine, and of the wheat, the
firft-fruits of them which they fhall offer
unto the Lord, them have I given thee.
13 And whatfoever is p firft ripe in the
land, which they fhall bring unto the
Lord, fhall be thine ; every one that is
clean in thine houfe fliall eat of it.
1 4 q Every thing devoted in Ifrael fhall
be thine.
15 T Every thing that openeth the
matrix in all flefh, which they bring unto"
the Lord, whether it be of men or beafts,
fhall be thine : neverthelefs, the firft-born
of man fhalt thou furely redeem, and
the firftling of unclean beafts fhalt thou
redeem. 1 6 And s thofe that are to be redeemed
from a month old fhalt thou redeem,
according to thine eftimation, for the
money of five fhekels, after the fhekel of
the fandluary, £ which is twenty gerahs.
1 7 But the u firftling of a cow, or the
firftling of a iheep, or the firftling of a
goat, thou fhalt not redeem; they are
holy : thou fhalt fprinkle their blood upon
the altar, and fhalt burn their fat for an
offering made by fire, for a fweet favour
unto the Lord.
1 8 And the flefh of them fliall be thine,
as the x wave-breaft and as
fhoulder are thine.
19 All y the heave-offerings ofthe holy
which the children of Ifrael offer

the right

things,

z A -perpetual cove
nant, Lev. 2. 13.
2 Chr. 13. 5.

a Deut. 18. 1, 2. 8c
10.9. & 14. 27, 29.
Jofh. 13. 14, 33. &
14. 3. ch. 26. 62.
ver 23, 24. with
ch. xxxv. Jofh.
xxi.
liDeut. 12.12. &18.
1, 2, 19. Jofh. 13.
14, 33. Ezek. 44-
28. Pf. 73. 26. &
.142. 5.
e Deut. 12. 17—19.
8c 14.22—29. Lev.
27. 30, 32. 2 Chr.
It. 5, 6, 12. Neh.
is. 12.

unto the Lord, have I given thee, and
thy fons and thy daughters with thee, by
a ftatute for ever : it is a z covenant of
fait for ever before the Lord unto thee
and to thy feed with thee.
20 And the Lord fpake unto Aaron,
a Tiiou fhalit have no inheritance in their
land, neither fhalt thou have any part
among them : hI am thy part and thine
inheritance among the children of Ifrael.
2 1 ^f And, behold, I c have given the
children of Levi all the tenth in Ifrael for
an inheritance, for their fervice which
they ferve, even the fervice of the taber
nacle of the congregation.
22 Neither muft the children of Ifrael

Before Chrift
1490.

ver, 4., 1 5am.
19.
do thefer- tHcb:,".&-
eCh. iii. iv.viii. ver,
2—5. cji..i. 53.

27. -30, 32. 2 Chr.
31. 5, 6, 12. Neh.
13. u. Mal, 3. 3,

henceforth d come nigh the tabernacle of
the congregation, left they bear fin + and dch.3.i-0. &,.,,.
v ¦ O C J ver, 4., 1 Sam. 6.
die. 23 But the Levites fhall
vice ofthe tabernacle of the congregation,
and they fliall bear their iniquity: it fhall
be a ftatute for ever throughout your
generations, fthat among the children of f 9?&^.?7eu&^:
Ifrael they have no inheritance. i^h.xxxv.jofh.
24 b But the tithes of the children of E l^i^S.
Ifrael, which they offer as an heave-,
offering unto the Lord, I have given to
the Levites to inherit : therefore I have
faid unto them, Among the children of
Ifrael they fhall have no inheritance.
25 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 26 Thus fpeak unto the Levites, and
fay unto them, When ye take of the chil
dren of Ifrael the tithes which I have
given you from them for your inheritance,
then ye fhall offer up h an heave- offering ^.t^l8^
of it for the Lord, even a tenth part of ico^'oili"'
the tithe.
27 And this your heave-offering fhall
be reckoned unto you + as though it were %T^t¥sfz\te%
the corn of the threfhing floor, and as the fcw/hSf^L.
fulnefs of the wirie-pref s. .,
28 Thus ye alfo fhall offer an heave-
offering unto the Lord of all, your tithes
which ye receive of the children of Ifrael ;
and ''ye fhall give thereof the Lord's iSMV""' a
heave-offering to Aaron the prieft.
29 Out of all your gifts ye fhall offer
every heave-offering of the Lord, of k all k%-h?i°$..
the II beft thereof, even the hallowed part n Heb- f-
thereof out of it.
30 Therefore thou fhalt fay unto them,
When ye have heaved the beft thereof
from it, then it fhall be counted unto the
Levites as the increafe of the threfhing--
floor, and as the increafe of the wine-
prefs. 31 1 And ye fhall eat it in every place, 1 Deut. 14.22,23
ye and your houfeholds : for it is m your
reward for your fervice in the tabernacle
of the congregation.
32 And ye fhall bear no fin by reafon
of it, when ye have heaved from it the
beft of it : neither fhall ye n pollute the

MJI. 9-

m 1 Tim. 5. 17, 18.
Luke 10. 7. Mat. '
10. 10. Gal. 6. 6.
I Thef. 5. 11, 13.
1 Cor. 9. 10—14.

n By eating them in
an improper place
or time, Lev. 19.
7, 8. & 22. 2—16.
1 Tim, 4. 16.

P urif cation from pollution by dead

CHAP. XIX.

bodies, by the afhes of the red heifer.

Before Chrift
1490.

holy things ofthe children of Ifrael, left
ye die. CHAP. XIX.
Here God prefcribes the method of purification from the
defilement contracted from dead corpfis. ( 1 ) Sacred
afhes were to be formed from the burning of a red
heifer, cedar wood, hyffiop, and fcarlet wool, with
much ceremony; 1 — 10. (2) To purify from the
extremely infeclious pollution contrasted from dead
bodies,, water, impregnated with a fmall quantity of
thefe afhes, was to be fprinkled on the third and
feventh day upon an unclean perfon, befides his wafh
ing of himfelf ; and once upon unclean things; under
pain of deftruttion ; II — 20. (3) The prieft who
killed the heifer, and fprinkled her blood; the man
ivho burnt her flefh ; he who gathered the afhes ;
and he that fprinkled, or even touched the water of
purification ; were thereby rendered unclean, and
were to wafh their clothes; 7, 8, 10, 21.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and unto Aaron, faying,
2 This is the ordinance of the law
which the Lord hath commanded, fay
ing, Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
that they bring thee a a red heifer b with
out fpot, wherein is no blemifh, and upon
which c never came yoke :
3 And ye fliall give her unto Eleazar
the prieft, that he may bring her d forth
without the camp, and one fhall flay her
before his face :
4 And Eleazar the prieft fhall take of
her blood with his finger, and e fprinkle
of her blood diredlly before the tabernacle
of the congregation feven times :
^ti^L4^. 5 And one mail f burn the heifer in his
¥jti£zV:g: fight ; her ikin, and her flefh, and her
John 12. 27.
glev. 14.4. if. 1.18.

a Gal. 4. 4. If. 53. 4
—6. Rev. I. 5.
' Heb. 9. 13, 14.
fc Exod. 12. 5. Lev.
22. 23 — 25. Luke
I. 35. Heb. 7. 26.
I Pet. I. 19. & 2.

c Deut. 21. 3. John
10. 17, 18. Pf. 40.
7. 8. Jer. 30. 21. .
<i Lev. 13. 45, 46. 8c
24.14. ch.j;. 2. 8c
- 6. 13.

15. 36. He!
- n— 13

<Lev. 4.6,17. & 16.
14. 19. Heb. 9. 13,
14.

h Exod. 19. 10. Lev.
16. 26,28: & 11.
25, 40. & 14. 8, 9,
.47. & 15. 5, 8, 11,
22. & 16. 26, 28.
ver. 8, 10, 11.

blood, with her dung, fhall he burn :
6 And the prieft fhall take s cedar-
wood, and hyflbp, and fcarlet, and caft
/'/ into- the midft of the burning of the
heifer. .7 Then h the prieft fhall wafh his
clothes, and he fhall bathe his flefli in

Before Chrift
1490.

re-.ifl.Heb.7. 2S.
2 Cor. 5. 21. I Pet.
3. 18. Sc 2. 22.
k Ver. 17. Heb. 9.
Ill ¦•»•

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — The minifterial work is
neceffary and important ; and the greateft care and diligence is
neceffary to render a perfon faithful in it. He muft not only put
away fin from himfelf, but take all care to prevent it in others.
And'extenfive is the account that muft be given to God, not only
for himfelf, but for others under his care. How needful then is it
that all in their ftations, particularly parents, mafters, and magi
ftrates, fhould exert themfelves to render the miniftry comfortable
and fuccefsful ! God will have his fervants decently provided for
Vol. I.

water, and afterward he fliall come into
the camp, and the prieft fhall be unclean
until the even.
8 And he that burnetii her fliall wafh
his clothes in water, and bathe his flefh
in water, and fhall be unclean until the
even. 9 And a ' man that is clean fliall gather
up the afhes of the heifer, ahd k lay them
up : without the camp in a clean place,
and it fhall be kept for the congregation
of the children of Ifrael for a water of
feparation : for it is a purification for fin.
1 o And he that gathereth the afhes of
the heifer fhall wafh his clothes, and be
unclean until the even : and it fliall be
1 unto the children of Ifrael, and unto the 1B^%%f^
ftranger that fojourneth among them, for
a ftatute for ever.
11 f He that m toucheth' the dead
body of any * man fhall be unclean feven
days. 1 2 He fhall " purify himfelf with it on
the third day, and on the feventh day he
fhall be clean : but if he purify not him
felf the third day, then the feventh day
he fhall not be clean.
13 Whofoever ° toucheth the
body of any man that is dead, and puri-
fieth not himfelf, defileth the tabernacle
ofthe Lord; and that foul fhall be cut
off from Ifrael: becaufe the water of
feparation was not fprinkled upon him,
he fhall be unclean ; his uncleannefs is
yet upon him.
14 This is the law when a man dieth
in a tent : p all that come into the tent, and
all that is in the tent, fhall be unclean
feven days.
1 5 And every open veffel, which hath
no covering bound upon it, is unclean.
1 6 And whofoever toucheth one that

ch. 15. 15, {is, '29.
I John 2. 1,' 2.
Rom. 3. 29, 30.
Col. 3. 11.
mLev. 11. 24. &2r.
I. ch. 5. 2. & 31.
19. Lam. 4. 14.
Hag. 2. 13. 2 Cor.
6. 17. Eph. 5. ii,
& 2. 1, J.
* Heb. foul of man.
n Afts 15. 9. Phil. 3.
9, 10. Rom. 4.25,

i\prsr\ 0fh- ''"¦ J"- with
U CdU Lev. j. 3, 6, 17. &
15. zi. Hell. z. 3.
8c so. -9. Rev. 21.
8. 8c sei. 11, 15.
Leprotics, ifuics,
and touching of
dead bodie«, pro -
ducedthe moll in
fectious and laft
ing pollution.

p Rom. 8.20. IT. 14,
5. 1 Cor. 15. 33.
Prov. 9. 6. Cv 13.

in the church, and in the heavenly ftate ! nor will ever a godly peo
ple fail to make a liberal provifion for a gofpel miniftry. But
bafe are the minds of thofe minifters, who, having a competency,
entangle themfelves with the affairs of this life, or defire to excw'fe
themfelves from being charitable out of what God hath brought to
their hand ! And may I not alfo, in all this, difcern the extenfive
charge, faithful labours, and glorious rewards, of my Redeemer, ;
and his improvement of all to his Father's honour, and his people's
good !
Hh

Laws of purif cation.

NUMBERS.

The Hebrezvs murmur for watch.

<1

Heb. 9

,*''

t*

1 Cor.

5. io, ¦ r. i

I Pet. I. 18,

19.

Tit. 2.

14.

Bei49oM<* is flain with a fword in the open fields,
or a dead body, or a bone of a man, or a
grave, fhall be unclean feven days.
1 7 • And q for an unclean perfon they
fhall take of the + afhes of the burnt
tmh. dujt. heifer of purification for fin, and + run-
*w*%Z*r ning water fhall be put thereto in a
veffel :
'Mn.£'i?f*5s. l8 And r a clean perfon fhall take
3=f»zwL* '£ hyflbp, and dip // in the water, and
fprinkle it upon the tent, and upon all the
• - veffels, and upon the perfons that were
there, and upon him that toucheth a
bone, or one flain, or one dead, or a
grave :
sch. 31.19, 20. Rev. 19 And the s clean perfon fhall fprinkle
'tchk's '2iW uPon the unclean on the third day, and
3,z'3, on the feventh day: and on the feventh
day he fhall purify himfelf, and wafh his
clothes, and bathe himfelf in water, and
fliall be clean at even.
^"wYa&^s'I 20 But ' the man that fhall be unclean,
jl.'l^Heb.'t 3. and fhall not purify himfelf, that foul
. & 10. 29. Rev. 11. 1 - '
.s.&2z.n,ij. fhall he cut off from among the congre
gation, becaufe he hath defiled the fanc
tuary of the Lord : the water of fepara
tion hath not been fprinkled upon him ;
he is unclean.
2 1 And it fhall be a perpetual ftatute
*\?zT,w.'&i!? unto them, that u he that fprinkleth the
£9. & i5. s- ver. wai!er 0f feparation fhall wafh his clothes ;
and he that toucheth the water of fepara
tion fhall be unclean until even.
* i5CTi9XMafk7M2i; 2 2 And x whatfoever the unclean perfon
jcor^j.Heo: toucheth fhall be unclean ; and the foul
l&tZtfgL tnat toucheth // fhall be unclean until
:-J3
Rom. 8. 20— -zz. ,.„ 
V. 24. 5. even.
CHAP.
XX.
For about thirty-feven years we have almoft nothing
recorded of Ifrael' s travels, or God's providences to-'
•wards them. Now, in the beginning of the fortieth,
(1) Miriam dies, and the Ifraelites murmur for Bet~°re c«r»
water; 1 — 5. (2) While God engages his power _I1£^___
and pity to fupply them, Aaron and Mofes, 'by their
unbelief, and other mifbehaviour in procuring it,
provoke him to exclude them from Canaan; 6 — 13.
(3) Notwithftanding the Ifraelites' humble and re
peated requefts, the Edomites refufe them a paffage
through their country into Canaan; 14. — 21. (4)
Aaron dies upon mount Hor ; his fon Eleazar fuc
ceeds him, and the Ifraelites lament his death j
22 — 20,.
THEN came the children of Ifrael, '
even the whole congregation, into
thev defert of Zin in the a firft month : and a °yi*t™2l wi,n
the people abode in b Kadefli ; and Miriam „ *' "' J*'
1" 1 1 l 1 -11 - 0 Ch. 13. 26. & 32.
died there, and was buried there. I'-zltiifife*
2 <ff And there was' no water for the
congregation: and they gathered them
felves together againft Mofes and againft
Aaron. 3 And the people c chode with Mofes, C,%L% %.*'%.
and fpake, faying, Would God that we ?&%£"&£
had died d when our brethren died before d c„4i,. ," & "l6
the Lord! *.l^.4.9- -
4 And e why have ye brought up the eE1|^,^-,"',2cf
congregation of the Lord into this wil- &,0: %, ,$1'
dernefs, that we and our cattle fhould die &7l-"'&i1-5*
there? 5 And wherefore have ye made us to
come up out of Egypt, to bring us in
unto f this evil place ? it is no place of "£*££!££
feed, or of figs, or of vines, or of pome
granates; neither is there any water to
drink. 6 And Mofes and Aaron went from
the prefence of the aflembly sunto the B?(:£%*A«%.
door of the tabernacle of the congrega- cSi-ij/zt^
tion, and they fell upon their faces : and
h the glory of the Lord appeared unto ^".^.^Jd*.
. 1 x A 16. IO.
them. 7 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, ,8 Take ' the rod, and gather thou the is1c0eK¦•,;1',7'
20. & 17. 5.
Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — Behold, how polluted are
men, dead in trefpaffes and fins — much more abominable than the
beafts that perifh ! To carnal reafon fome of God's ordinances
appear abfurd. How ftrange is it to make afhes, mingled with
water, the mean of purification from the deepeft defilement! But
it is infinitely dangerous to contemn the leaft of his inftitutions.
Thefe ceremonies are indeed infufficient to take away fin, for
the moft remarkable of them for atonement or purification fpread
the defilement! But the meaning here is concerning Chrift and
his church. Being apprehended by the chief priefts and elders of
Ifrael, ilain without the camp, burnt in the Turnace of his Father's
wrath ; and his blood, his life^ offered to God for the fatisfaclion
of his juftice; the virtue of his death, connected with the clean
water, the pure influences of his Spirit, doth, in all generations,
purge his people's confciences, and all their concerns, from dead
works to ferve the living God. ^et it be then the care of my
foul to begin, continue, and end my life, with a believing applica
tion thereof. It is death, it is damnation, if I neglect it. Having
fellowftiip with him in his refiirre&ion, by juftification and rege
neration, I fliall, in due time, enter on his eternal fabbath, without
fpot or wrinkle, or any fuch thing.
Mofes and Aaron: provoke God.

CHAP. XX.

Aaron dies: Eleazar fucceeds him.

Before Chrift
I4-S*.

aflembly together, thou and Aaron thy
k jer. 22. 29. cen. brother, and k fpeak ye unto the rock
1.33-9. bejfore their eyes, and it fhall give forth
his water, and thou fhalt bring forth to
them water out of the rock : fo thou fhalt
give the congregation and their beafts
drink. 9 And Mofes took the rod from before
the Lord, as he commanded him.
1 o And Mofes and Aaron gathered the
congregation together before the rock,
1 ver. 8, 12. pr. 106. and he faid unto, them, l Hear now, ve
32, 33. ch. 11.22, ' ~ " j
*3-2Kin. 3.14- rebels; muft we fetch you water out of
this rock ?
OTVer.s,i2.jam.i. 1 1 And Mofes m lifted up his hand, and
with his rod he fmote the rock twice :
n%:7&i\%t.N°I: and the' n water came out abundantly,
?5.'5irM4'8.D2T.&s' and the congregation drank, and their
43. 20. ic 53. 4, 5- . n. ir
john 4. ,4., cor. beafts ai 0.
10. 4. J
12 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
cytlzl"~i.^U. and Aaron, Becaufe ye "believed me not,
- sj&^&'lcv. to fandlify me in the eyes of the chil-
v Deut. 3. 23-26. & dren of Ifrael, therefore ye p fhall not
if'ictfj^He* bring this congregation into the land
. 7. 18, 19. & 10. 1. . p. .0 o
which 1 have given them.
*"»£.'£*.* 13 q This is the water of * Meribah ;
LukeiaV3'8' becaufe the children of Ifrael ftrove with
*ThatiS,yM/v. tne LORD, atKi he r was fandtified in
I Ezek. 38.16. & 22. ..
n- Lev. 10.3. ir. them.
5. 16. Pf. 9. 16. &
58. 11. &83. 18.
ch. 14. 21.

t Genrxlvi. Exod.
12. 40. & i. ii. v.

1 4 ^f And Mofes E fent meflengers from
ejudgu.17.Deut. Kadefli unto the king- of Edom, Thus
2. I i\"2t 1 Mil c^
obed. 10. 12: faith thy brother Ifrael, Thou knoweft
all the travel that hath befallen us :
1 5 How c our fathers went down into
Egypt, and we have dwelt in Egypt a
long time ; and the Egyptians vexed us
and our fathers :
U3X7d&,4.'54'&s J6 And " when we cried unto the
Lord he heard our voice, and fent an
angel, and hath brought us forth out of
x see ver.,. Egypt: and, behold, we are in xKadefh,
a city in the uttermoft of thy border :
y ch. 21. 22. Deut. 17 Let us pafs, I pray thee, y through
2.8. ver. 19. Rom. / rf,,y r 1 l
Wtrmf^t thy country : we will not pafs through
Heb. .2. .4. t^Q fleids? or through the vineyards,
neither will we drink ofthe water ofthe
wells: we will go by the kings high
way,

Before Chrift
1452.

nor to the left, until we have pafled thy
borders. 18 And Edom faid unto him, Thou
fhalt not pafs by me, left I come out
againft thee with the fword.
19 And the children of Ifrael faid
unto him, * We will go by the high-*0""***
way : and if I and my cattle drink of thy
water, then I will pay for it : I will only
(without doing any thing elfe) go through
on my feet.
20 And he faid, Thou flialt not go
through. a And Edom came out againft a ^"f, ft *
him with much people, and with a ftrong
hand. 21 Thus Edom refufed to give Ifrael
paffage through his border : wherefore
\r P. ,° c 1 •  bJMdg.ii.i8.Deut.
Ifrael b turned away from him. • lol^'if.11'4'

c Ver. 1,16. A. 33.
37-

we will not turn to the right hand

Reflectons upon Chap. XX. — Much of our time is fpent
as a tale that is told, pafled away in God's wrath, without any
I

22 % And the children of Ifrael, even
the whole congregation, journeyed from
c Kadefli, and came unto mount Hor.
23 And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
and Aaron in mount Hor, by the coaft
of the land of Edom, faying, _ ^ ? f ^ ^
24 Aaron fhall be d gathered unto his fz^d^zVl
people: for he fhall not enter into the land &«9-»-
which I have given unto the children of .
Ifrael, becaufe ye e rebelled againft m7 '^"'^
+ word at the water of Meribah.
25 f Take Aaron and Eleazar his fon, f^,£Deu<'
and bring them up unto mount Hor: -
26 And s ftnp Aaron of his garments, *^-$'<;*-
and put them upon Eleazar his fon : and *b19f I-^-11-
Aaron fhall be gatheredj^/o his people,
and fhall die there. ^^^
27 And Mofes h did as the Lord com- ^ao'lt'*4"
manded : and they went up into mount
Hor in the fight" of all the congrega
tion. 28 And Mofes * ftripped Aaron of his ! -™ £»; .*"?•
garments, and put them upon Eleazar his r" * ")'4'
fon; and k Aaron died there in the top of kg^|£
the mount : and Mofes and Eleazar came
down from the mount.
29 And when all the congregation faw
that Aaron was dead, they l mourned for ! D,r;; ,t.*'sS'
Aaron thirty days, even all the houfe of
Ifrael.

thing worth remarking. And death at length makes quick and
repeated inroads in families which have been long torborne.
Hh 2

Ifraelites conquer Arad: murmur.

NUMBERS. Serpents' bites healed by a brazen ferpent.^

Before Chrift
I452.

CHAP. XXI.

aCh.33. 40. Jofh. 12.
14. Judg. 1. 16.-

b Ch. 13. 21. & 14.
45-

c Pf. 44. 3, 4. Deut.
9.4.
dGen. 28. 20. iSam.
1. II. Judg.n. 30.
Pf. 76. IJ.

e Lev. 27. 29. Jofh.
6. 17.
i Pf. 10. 17. & 102.
17. &91.15.&50.
J5- Mat. 7. 7,

g That is, utter de-
Jtrutlion, ch. 14.
4S- Judg. I. 17.
Jofh. 12. 14. 2 Chr.
14. 10.
h Ch. 20. 18, 20, 21,
22. & 33. 40.
Deut. 2. 5—8.
ver. 5. Ads 14.
22. John 16; 33.
f Or grie-jcd.
X Heb. fhortcntd.
iExorl. 14. it. &cie.
24. & 16. 2, 3. Sc
17. 2, 3. ver. 7. ch.
II. 1—5. & 14. 1
— 3. & i5- 13,14,
41. & 17 n. &20.
3 — 5- I Cor. 10.9.
Pf. 106.25.

Here ( I ) The Ifraelites are attacked by Arad, a Ca-
naanitijh king ; againft whom, by means of a vow,
they at laft prevail; I — 3. (2) For murmuring
at their way, and their food, they are plagued with
fiery ferpents ; but, on their repentance, have a
brazen ferpent erecled, as an effectual mean of cure;
4 — 9. (3) They march forward feveral ftages ;
and at Beeyt- find excellent water; 10 — 20. (4) En
tering Canaan, taken, in its largeft ftgnification, they
conquer the kingdoms of Sihon and Og on the eaft of
Jordan, and take poffeffion thereof^ 21 — 35.
N D when a king Arad the Canaan-
ite, who dwelt in the fouth, heard
tell that Ifrael came by the b way of the
fpies, then he fought againft Ifrael, and
took "fome of them prifoners.
2 And Ifrael d vowed a vow unto the
Lord, and faid, If thou wilt indeed
deliver this people into my hand, then I
c will utterly deftroy their cities.
3, And f the Lord hearkened to the
voice of Ifrael, and delivered up the Ca
naanites ; and they utterly deftroyed them
and their cities : and he called the name
of the place s Hormah. : ,
4 ^f- And they journeyed from mount
Hor by the way ofthe Red fea, to h coixh
pafs the land of Edom : and the foul of
the people was much + + difcouraged
becaufe of the way.
5 An(l the people * fpake againft God,
and againft Mofes, Wherefore have ye
brought us up out of Egypt to die in the

wildernefs ? for there is no bread, neither
is there any water ; arid our foul loatheth
this light bread.
6 And k the Lord fent fiery ferpents
among the people; and they bit the
people ; and much people of Ifrael died.
7 5T Therefore the people came to
Mofes, arid faid,' 1 We have, finned, for
we have fpoken againft the Lord, and
againft thee : pray unto the Lord, that
he take away the ferpents from us. And
Mofes prayed for the people.
8 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
m Make thee a fiery ferpent, and fet it
upon a pole : and it fhall come to pafs,
that every one that is bitten, when he
looketh upon it, fhall live.
9 And n Mofes made a ferpent of brafs,
and put it upon a pole ; and it . came to
pafs, that if a "ferpent had bitten any
man, when he beheld the ferpent of brafs,
he lived.
1 o % p And the children of Ifrael fet
forward, and pitched in Oboth.
1 1 And they journeyed from Oboth,
and pitched at H Ije-abarim, i-n the wil
dernefs which is before Moab, toward the
fun- riling.
12 From thence they removed, and
pitched in the 1 valley of Zared.
13 From, thence they removed, and
pitched on the other fide of Anion, which
is in the wildernefs that cometh out of

Before Chrift
1452.

k Deut. 8. 15. If. 14.
29. Amos 9. 3, 4.
I Cor. 10. 9.

1 Pf. 78. 34. Exod. o,
27, 28. 1 Sam. 12.

6?Ac

. I Kin. ij,
s8. 24.

m 2 Kin. 18. 4. John
3.14— 16. Rom. 8.
3. John 12. 32.
Gal. 3; 1. 11. 45.
22. John 8. 24.
, Afls 9. 15. Rom.
10. 15— -19. 1 Pet.

n 2 Kin. 18. 4. John
3. 14, K. Ezek.
40. 3. Dan. 10. 6.

01 John 3. 8. &1.7.
2 Cor. 12. 7 — 9.
John 3. 14—17: ,
Zech. 12. 10. Hag.
2. 6.

P Ch. 33. 43— 4S-

|| Or heaps ofjbar'ssu.

q Deut. 2. ix.

Miriam, Aaron, and Mofes, now die all in one yean. And, as
it was with them, fo God often writes indignation upon the
death of -his own people, who are faved in the Lord their God :
for in the chaftifement of his choiceft faints he is feverely
ftri£r, as, indeed, their fins difhonour him in a diftinguifhed
manner. Children readily imitate their parents in their wicked
nefs. Bad cuftorris and tempers cleave clofe to men, and fhew
themfelves whenever an occafion prefents itfelf: and thofe are
often ready to wifh for death who are very unfit- for it.
Men's principal friends are often treated the worft : but the
mercy and power of God are exerted for the relief of finful rebels
againft him. Yet, alas ! how prone are the beft of men to
unbelief under long or repeated trials, and to paffion under great
provocations ! And often reproaches, juft in their matter, may be
very finful in their manner. How lafting are quarrels between
families and nations ; and how inveterate the hatred of Edomites
of the world againft the church and people of God ! Little of
earthly comforts can we hope for in our way to the Canaan
above ! But when believers look moft beautiful on the borders of
the grave, and when faith difarms death of all its terrors — when
they depart deliberately and cheerfully into the joy of our Lord —
6

how comely and how comfortable ! And it is a peculiar joy to
dying minifters to fee the caufe of God tranfmitted into the hands
of zealous and faithful fucceffors.
But let me not bid adieu to Aaron, the faint of God, till I be
hold in him, as in a figure, Jefus, the great High Prieft of my pro-
feffion ! Seafonable and divinely folemn was his call to his work 1
With an unmeafurable undtion of the Holy Ghoft, and perfecT:
purity of nature, was he prepared for it. By his miracle's ; his
deftruftion of his Jewifh and Gentile- oppofers ; by the marvellous
influence ofthe gofpel-rod of his ftrength; is his office confirmed
and ratified of God! He delivers his chofen tribes from fpiritual
flavery ; juftifies and fandtifies them; leads them up through this
wildernefs world ; and he can well fpeak to their refpe&ive cafes
and doubts. He is our fole High Prieft, and the fpiritual Father
of all fuch as are made priefts unto God: and with amazing- hoii
nefs, courage, labour, patience, and pity, he executes his work.
At the expenfe of his life he averted the plague of infinite ven
geance from his unreafonable abufers : and, having finifhed hia
work of obedience, he publicly and willingly, upon mount Calvary,
refigned himfelf unto death, leaving his robes of finiflied righteouk
nefs to his fpiritual feed.

Sihon and Og, Canaanitifh kings, attack . C H A P. XXI.
Before chrift thecoafts of * the Amorites : for l'Arnon

the Ifraelites, and are conquered.

'45
r judg. u. 18^26. is the border of Moab, between Moab
v'if&zflzTdi. and the Amorites.
8. 11. 16. 2. Jer.
48. 20.

$ Prcbably fome
hiltoiy not in-
ipirecl of God,
» Or Vahth in Su-

9 Deut. 2. 18.
it Heb. leanelh.
tjudg. 9. 21.

a Ch. 33. 45—47.

14 Wherefore it is faid in the § book
the wars of the Lord, * What he
„ did in the Red fea, and in the brooks of
Arhon, 15 And at the ftream of the brooks
that goeth down to the dwelling of Ar,
5 and II lieth upon the border of Moab.
1 6 And from thence they went to ' Beer :
that is the well whereof the Lord fpake
^oh:Tf.'?,G,eo.l?' unto Mofes, u Gather the people together,
49. 10. John 7. 37 - _ • vi • ^i f . L ' °
_J9. & 4. 10, 14. and 1 wilf give them water.
Rev. 22. 17. Prov. O
9' 4' s" 17 Then Ifrael *¦ fang this fong, + Spring;
xPf. 106. 12. Jam. 5. '_ ,- ,, - ¦ ° O7 >- O
13. if. 12. 1-4. up, U well; " ling ye unto it :
\T,ntT 1 8 The 7 Princes digged the well, the
ya,.34™i8_28. nobles of the people digged it, by the
vCi\s\Pf.V1?' direclion of the ' lawgiver, with their
^Sl'j.li.lanl": ftates. And a from the wildernefs they
went to Mattanah : ,
19 And from Mattanah to Nahaliel:
and from Nahaliel to Bamoth :
20 And from Bamoth in the valley,
»HeM«M. that is in the § country of Moab, to the
h i4r t^'fzfk top b of Pifgah, which looketh toward
Jefhimon. 2 1 *[f And d Ifrael fent meflengers unto
i^udgfiit%zlh. Sihon king of the Amorites, faying,
*0-17'19' 22 Let me pafs through thy land; we
will not turn into the fields, or into the
vineyards ; we will not drink ofthe waters
of the well : but we will go along by the
king's high-way until we be paft thy
borders.
'fp3?£zl- 23 e And Sihon would not fuffer Ifrael
to pafs through his border: but Sihon
gathered all his people together, and went
out againft Ifrael into the wildernefs : and
he came to Jahaz, and fought againft
Ifrael.
f ^'"'aSoI'z f 24 And f Ifrael fmote him with the
?!!&#&,. edge of the fword, and poffeffed his land
Z'i-^-t" fr°m Arnon unto Jabbok, even unto
hli&Z Ju^' the children of Ammon : for the bor-

Eefore Chrift
1452.

4. 49. & 34.
C Or the wildernefs,
ch. 23. 28. & 33

der of the children of Ammon was
ftrong. 25 And Ifrael took all thefe cities :
and Ifrael dwelt in all the cities of the
Amorites, in Hefhbon, and in all the .
t villages thereof. . *s^H&p,
26 For Hefhbon was the city of Sihon ™=s °r\iii'agec,"
the king of the Amorites, who had fought thc """'"¦
againft the former king of Moab, and
taken all his land out of his hand, even
unto Arnon.
27 Wherefore they that fpeak in § pro- ^^oX*"*
verbs fay, Come into Hefhbon, let the
city of Sihon be built and prepared :
28 For there is a £ fire gone Out of'^/^tf,
Hefhbon, aflame from the city of Sihon : 7'IO',',-i"-2'<5»-
it hath confumed Ar of Moab, and the
lords of the high places of Arnon.
29 Wo to thee, Moab ! thou art
undone, O people of h Chemofh ! he^l^ffijff^
hath given his fons that efcaped, and his ^tV&S'.'"1"
daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king *
of the Amorites. -
30 We have fliot at them ; Hefhbon
is perifhed even unto i Diboii, and we ''fif I nl, ].¦-.%
have laid them wafte even unto Nophah,
which reacheth unto Medeba.
31 Thus Ifrael k dwelt in the land of k gout3 VST
the Amorites. Ifil^' &
32 And Mofes fent to fpy out 1 Jaazer, ' <$ai%':x*;,}?i6.
and they took the villages thereof, and 8'9'iSam 'M'5*
drove out the Amorites that were there.
22 If m And they turned, and went up m7De]0a,f-,3. f»^
by the way of Bafhan : and Og the king
of Bafhan went out againft them, he and
all his people, to the battle at Edrei.
34 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
n Fear him not : for I have delivered him "I^.tlVt"ic.
into thy hand, and all his people, and his i? ileu* 'jll1*
land ; and thou fhalt do to him as thou

didft unto Sihon king of the Amorites,
who dwelt at Hefhbon.
25 So they ° fmote him and his fons, °
and all his people, until there was none &
left him alive : and they poffefled his land

Drur.29. 8. 8c 3. ;
-17. ch. 3'-H—
.2. Jofh. 12 .| — (..
Sri'3. to, 11. Neh.
9.22.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — Continued courage and
dependence upon God are highly neceffary, that at laft we may
prove more than conquerors. Religious vows, when properly con
ducted, are likewife fometimes profitable.. But upon what inconfi-
derable temptations, prevailing lufts, formerly punifhed, again break
forth ! Often the long continuance of God's mercies with men

render them cheap in their eyes. But let us, remember it is haz
ardous to offend God, who hath fo many inftruments of ven
geance at his beck ; and that fufferinp-s for fin fhould lead us to
repentance for it; efpecially fince God is fo ready to forgive the
penitent, and to turn away his wrath. But, oh unfpeakable mercy!
as Mofes lifted up the ferpent in the wildernefs, fo Jefus Chrift,

Balak calls Balaam to curfe Ifrael.

N UEBER S.

God refricJs him\

- Before Chrift
1452.

C H A P. XXII.
? .
Here ( I ) Balak, king of Moab, afraid left the If
raelites, new encamped on his border, fhould alfo fieize
on his country, calls Balaam, a noted forcer er of Me
fopotamia, to imprecate ruin upon them, that they
might be deftroyed : but God prohibits Balaam from
going with his meffengers; 1 — 14. (2) Balak, by
more honourable meffengers, and larger proffers of re
ward, again invites Balaam, who goes with them :
hut, by the fipeech of his afs, and by ar^ exprefs inti
mation of his mind, God checks him in the way, and
charges him to take heed what he did; 15 — 35.
(3) Balak gives Balaam an hearty and folemn recep
tion ; but is informed by him that perhaps God might
not permit him to curfe the Ifraelites, even when he
Joad come for that purpofe ; 36 — 41 .
AN D the children of Ifrael a fet for
ward, and pitched in the plains of
Moab on this fide Jordan by Jericho.
2 <[f And Balak the fon of Zippor faw
b all that Ifrael had done to the Amorites.
3 And Moab was fore " afraid of the
people, becaufe,. they were many : and
Moab was diftreffed becaufe of the chil
dren of Ifrael.
4 And Moab faid unto the d elders of
Midian, Nov/ fhall this company lick
up all that are round about us, as the ox
licketh up the grafs of the field. And
Balak the fon of Zippor was king of the
Moabites at that time.
5 e He fent meffengers therefore unto
Balaam the fon of Beor to f Pethor, which
judeu.'Rev.2.i4. /$- by' the river of the land of the children
of his people, to call him, faying, Be
hold, there is a people come out from
behold, they s cover the * face

a Ch. 33. 48, 49-

b Ch. 21. 3,20—35.
c Deut. 2 25. Exod.
15. 15. & I. 12.
«". 53- <•

dVer.7,8,15. &2C.
15. & 31. B.Jofil.
J!. 21.

e Jolh.. 24- 9.
22. Neh. "

&13.

'V.1
. De

lAic. 6. 5. Deut,
23. 4. ch. 24. 1.

fCh..23-7.

gCh.i. li.xxvi. Pf. -[?0.v.n«-
105.24.Exod.L9. -t-'g.yp1-
&?j.Gii?&«?5. of the earth, and they abide over againft
& J7- 3 — 7. CCZZ. J .O
>7-
* Heb. eye.
h Afls 8. 9,10. &16.
16. Deut. 23. 4.
Neh. 13. z.

Before Chrift
1452-
iDeut. 23. 4. 2 Pet.
2. 15. Jude 11.
.Prov. 17, 8, 23. 8c
18. 16. & 19. 6.

t They triourAt
that if foolhfay-
ers, diviners, or
the like, impre
cate! a curfe or
.bleffing upon per-
ibns or things, it
Svould certainly
take etiect.

me: 6 Come now therefore, I pray thee,
h curfe me this people, for they are too
mighty for me : peradventure I fhall pre
vail, that we may fmite them, and that
I may drive them out of the land : + for
I know that he whom thou bleffeft is
blefled, and he whom thou curfeft is
curfed.

the Son of man, was lifted up on a crofs, and is now lifted up in
the gofpel, for the cure of all thofe deadly maladies contracted from
the fedurStion of the old ferpent the devil — when we look to him
by faith ! In all our wanderings on earth God can grant us wells
of comfort, and fill our mouths with his praife : he can beftow
noted vi&ories in favour of his people, even on this fide death.

lGen. 20. 3. &31.
24. ci41.25.Dan.
2. 45 & 4. 21, 22.
m Ver. 4—6.

t Heb. Ifhall prevail
in fighting againfl
him.
n Deut. 23. 5. Job
33. 14-17- Gen.
12.2. &22. l?. 8C
27. 33.-ROHI. II.
20.

7 And the elders of Moab and the
elders of Midian departed with the * re
wards of divination in their hand ; and
they came unto Balaam, and fpake unto
him the words of Balak.
8 And he faid unto them, Lodge here
this k night, and I will bring you w®rd kzK™: %*£.'"'
again, as the Lord fhall fpeakfunto, me :
and the princes of Moab abode with
Balaam. *
9 And 1 God came unto Balaam, and
faid, What men are thefe with thee ?
10 And Balaam faid unto God, m Balak
the fon of Zippor, king of Moab, hath
fent unto me, faying, .
1 1 Behold, there is a people come out
of Egypt, which covereth the face of the
earth : Come now, curfe me them ; per
adventure + I fliall be able- to overcome
them, and,drive them out.
1 2 And God faid unto Balaam, n Thou
fhalt not go with them ; thou fhalt not
curfe the people: for they are blefled.
13 And Balaam rofe up in the morn
ing, and faid unto the princes of Balak,
Get ye into your land : for the Lord
refufeth to give me leave to go with you.
14 And the princes of Moab rofe up,
and they went unto Balak, and faid,
Balaam refufeth to come with us.
,1 5 5f And Balak fent yet again princes,
more, and more honourable than they.
16 And they came to Balaam, and faid
to him, Thus faith Balak the fon of Zip
por, II Let nothing, I pray thee, hinder
thee from coming unto me :
1 7 For ° I will promote thee unto very
great honour, and I will do whatfoever
thou fayeft unto me : come therefore, I
pray thee, curfe me this people.
18 And Balaam anfwered and faid unto
the fervants of Balak, * If Balak would
give me his houfe full of filver and gold,
I cannot go beyond the word of the Lord
my God, to do lefs or more.

1 Heb. Be net iheu
letted framj Sec.

0 Mat. 4. 8, 0. Pf. 4.
6. & 17. 14. Eilh.
5. 11. Deut. 16.19.
Prov. z8. xi.

pCh. Z4,T3.Pf.iz.2,
E/ek.33. 31, with
2 Pet. z. 15. Jude
n. iKin. n. 14.

And what eafy work it is to conquer the ftrongeft enemies when
God's time is come, and he' performs all things for us! Yet in
thefe vidories let me obferve, that the}', who intend mifchief to
others, often fall into the pit which themfelves have digged ; that
worldly poffeftions ^are changeable and frail j and efpecially that
illgotten gain isjeldom long enjoyed !

Balaam is rebuked by his afs

CHAP. XXII. and by an angel. Meets with Balak.

Before Chrift
'45*-
<12Pct.2.l5.Gal.l. 8, t). Mil. I. 6.
i.-ck. 3J- 31.

r Pf. ii. ii- Ezek.
w. ,—3. zKin. 2.
17. 1'lliel. 2. io,
II.
sir. 37-29. Pf.n-'°>
ll.ver. 35. ch.23.
12, 26.

t If. 59. 7. Prov. I.
16.&416. iTim.
6. 10.

u Ver. 20, 32.
a. Chrift, ver. 35,
Gen. 16. 7 — ij-
Exod. 23, 20, 21.
li. 63- 9—13. &
48. 21.

jr I Cor. I. 19, 27.
I Chr. 11. 16.
2 Kin. 6. 17. Jofh.
5. 13, 14. Dan. 10.
7. Acts 22. g.

% Jer. 48. 43, 44. If.
- 16. 8—10.

a Job ;. 13—15. If.
47.12.

b If. 26. 11. & 28. 18.
Hof. z. 6.

c Jam. I. 20. Prov.
jz,. 10. & 27.3,4.
& 14. 16.
i 2 Pet. 2. 16. 1 Cor,
j. 19, 27.

e Prov. it_i6.
& 14. 16. & 27. 3,
4- Pf.92.6, &94.

ft Heb. uiho haft rid
den upon tne.
* Or ever fmce thou
waft, &c.

1 9' Now therefore, I pray you, q tarry
ye alfo here this night, that I may
know what the Lord will fay unto me
more. 20 And God came unto Balaam at night,
and faid unto him, r If the men come to
call thee, rife up, and go with them ; but
s yet the word which I fliall fay unto thee,
that fhalt thou do.
2 1 And Balaam ' rofe up in the morn
ing, and faddled his afs, and went with
the princes of Moab.
22 % And God's anger was kindled
" becaufe he went : and the x angel of the
Lord ftood in the way for an adverfary
againft him. Now he was riding upon
his afs, and his two fervants were with
him. 23 And y the afs faw the angel of the
Lord Handing in the way, and his fword
drawn in his hand: and the afs turned
afide out of the way, and went into the
field: and Balaam fmote the afs, to turn
her into the way.
24 But the angel of the Lord ftood in
a z path of the vineyards, a wall being on
this fide and a wall on that fide.
25 And when the afs faw the angel of
the Lord fhe thruft herfelf unto the wall,
and a crufhed Balaam's foot againft the
wall : and he fmote her again.
26 And the angel of the Lord went
further, and ftood in a narrow place,
b where was no way to turn either to the
right hand or to the left.
2 7 And when the afs faw the angel of
the Lord fhe fell down under Balaam :
and c Balaam's anger was kindled, and
he fmote the afs with a ftaff.
28 And the Lord d opened the mouth
of the afs ; and fhe faid unto Balaam,
What have I done unto thee, that thou
haft fmitten me thefe three times ?
29 And Balaam faid unto the afs,
Becaufe thou haft mocked me : I e would
there were a fword in mine hand, for
now would. I kill thee.
26 And the afs faid unto Balaam, Am
not I thine afs, § upon which thou haft
ridden * ever fince I was thine, unto this

day ? was I ever wont to do fo unto thee ?, ^V."
And "he faid, Nay.
31 Then the Lord

angel

opened the
of Balaam, and he f faw the
the Lord ftanding in the way, and his
fword drawn in his hand : and he bowed
down his head, and g fell flat on his
face. And the angel of the Lord faid
, h Wherefore haft thou fmitten
thine afs thefe three times ? behold, I
went out + to withftand thee, becaufe thy
way is i perverfe before me :
33 And the afs faw me.
from me thefe three times

eyes
r f Luke 24. 16. I Chr.
Oi 21.16. Gen. 21.19.

32

unto him

and turned
unlefs fhe
had turned from me, furely now alfo I
k had flain thee, and faved her alive.
34 And Balaam faid unto the angel of

g Ov~b:iv:d himfdf
Gen. 17. p

hPf. 36.6. iCor.g,
a, 10. Prov. 12.
12, 16. Be 27, 3,4*
X Or to be an adviT"
fary unto thee.
i 2 Fet, z. 14, 15.
Jude n. Deut. 23^
4. Mic. 6. 5.

31—35- & M- 37-

the Lord, I 1 have finned; for I
not that thou ftoodeft in the way againft
me: now therefore, if it " difpleafe thee,
.1 will get me back again.
5 And the an eel ofthe Lord laid unto

1 1 E*od. 9. 2.7. & ic
knew 16,17. n. 78. m*

37. 1 Sam. 15.
24. Mat, 27. 4.
| Heb. be evil inthin&
eyes*.

31
Balaam,

raVer. 20. Pf.8i.re*
2 Thef. 2. 10, u.
If. 37. 26, 29,

Go with the men: but only
the word that I fhall fpeak unto thee,.
that thou fhalt fpeak. So Balaam went
with the princes of Balak.
36 % And when Balak heard that
/Balaam was come he n went out to meet * J&lltiStfii.,.
him unto a city of Moab, which is in the
border of ° Arnon, which is in the utmoft ° ^£oL.Tt
coaft. 27 And Balak faid unto Balaam, Did
I not earneftly fend unto thee to call thee ?
Wherefore cameft/ thou not unto me ?
Am pI not able indeed to promote thee "^te"',^'4'
to honour ?
38 And Balaam faid unto Balak, Lo,
I am come unto thee : have * I how any
power at all to fay any thing ? the word
that God putteth in my mouth, that fhall
I fpeak. 39 And Balaam went with Balak ; and
they came unto § Kirjath-huzoth.
40 And Balak ' offered. oxen and fheep,
and fent to Balaam, and to the princes
that were, with him.
41 And it came to pafs on the morrow,
that Balak took Balaam, and
him up into the high places of Baal

oir.4J.25.&47.i2. &46.10. 8c 14. 24.
Pf. 33. 10, 11.
Prov. 19. 21. & 16.
9. ver. 8, 18, 35.

§. Or a city offlretts. "
Ch. 23. 2, 14, 30.
Gen. 31. 54, Exod..
18. 12.

brought that

Balaam offers facrifice ;

NUMBERS.

¦and is divinely forced to blefs Ifrael.

thence he:

might fee

the utmoft part of

a 2 Pet. 2. 14, 15.
Jude l-i. Ezek. '33.
is. 1 Tim. 6. 10.
r.-iJt. 23. 14.
I 1 Chr. 15. 26.
2 Chr. 29. 21. Job
42. 8. This was
offered to procure
God's permifiion.
to curie Ifrael.

Before Chrift
..viiofthcm,ch.ij. the people.
CHAP. XXIII.
-Unknown to Mofes and his people, Balak and Balaam
are here labouring to ruin them,- while God exerts
his power to preferve them. ( 1 ) Altars are built,
and jevenfold facrifices offered, in order to promote
the deflruSt'tve curfing of them; but God, to Balaam's
great grief, compels him to blefs them; I — 12.
(2) Balak and Balaam make a fecond attempt, in
the fame manner, to curfe them; hut God again com
pels Balaam to blefs them, extol their God, and fore
tell their fubduing of all their .oppofiers ; 13 — 26.
(3) At Balaam's advice, the wonted preparations
are made for a third attempt to curfe them; 27 — 30.
AND a Balaam faid unto Balak, Build
me here {even altars, and prepare
me here b feven oxen and feven rams.
2 And Balak did as Balaam had fpoken :
and Balak and Balaam offered on every
altar a bullock and a ram.
3 And Balaam faid unto Balak, Stand
ci.ev.i.Gen.4.4,5- j,y fay c burnt-offering, and I will go :
<scn. 22.9, 20,22,28. a peradventure the Lord will come to.
meet me: and whatfoever he fheweth
me I will tell thee/" And e he went to an
high place.
4 And God f met Balaam ; and he faid
unto him, I have s prepared feven altars,
and I have offered, upon every altar a
bullock and a ram.
b%zfLck?d\: 5 And the Lord h put a word in
*£j'Yi'"°'" Balaam's mouth, and faid, Return unto
Balak, and thus thou flialt fpeak. .
6 And he returned unto him, and, lo,
he ftood by his burnt-facrifice, he and all
the princes of Moab.
7 % And he i took up his parable, and
faid, Balak the king of Moab hath brought
me k from Aram, out of the mountains of

« Or he zvent falhaty.
ch. 24. 1.

f Ch, 22. 9, 20.
ver. 16.
g If. 58. 4. Luke 18.

iHof. 8. t. If. 58.1,
Job 27. 1. &2y. i.

k Gen, 24. 10. Deut
23, 4. ch. 22. 5.

the eaft, faying, l Come, curfe me Jacob,
and come, m defy Ifrael.
8 n How fhall I curfe whom God hath
not curfed? or how fhalll defy whom the
Lord hath not defied ?
9 For from the top of the rocks I fee
him, and- from the hills I behold him :
lo, the people fhall ° dwell alone, and
fhall not be reckoned among the nations.
1 o Who can count p the duft of Jacob,
and the number of the fourth part of
Ifrael? Let time die the death of the
righteous, and let my laft end. be like
his! 1 1 And Balak faid unto Balaam, What
haft thou done unto me ? I took thee to
r curfe mine enemies, and, behold, thou
haft blefled them altogether.
12 And he anfwered and faid, s Muft
I not take heed to fpeak that which the
Lord hath put in my mouth ?
13 And Balak faid unto him, Come,
I pray thee, with me unto another place,
from whence thou mayeft fee them : thou
fhalt fee ' but the utmoft part of them,
and flialt not fee them all : and curfe me
them from thence.
14% And he brought him into the field
of Zophim, to the top of + Pifgah, and
u built feven altars, and offered a bullock
and a ram on every altar.
15 And he faid unto Balak, Stand here
by thy burnt-offering while I meet the
LORD yonder.
16 And the Lord met Balaam, and
x put a word in his mouth, and faid, Go
again unto Balak, and fay thus.
1 7 And when he came to him, behold,

Before Chrift
'453-
ICh. 22. 6,11,17.
in 1 Sam. 17. 10.
2 Sam. 21. 21. 05
23.9.
n If. 44. 25. & 47.]
12. Prov. 21. Io.
Rom. 8. 31. Heb.
ij. 5, 6.

d Deut. 33. 28. Jer.
49- 31- Efth. 3.8.
Exod. 19. 5, 0.
Deut. 14. 2.
p Gen. 12. z. 8c 1.
16.&22.17.&28.
- 14. ch. 26. 2—51.
t Heb. my foul, or
my life.
qPf. 37. 37. Rev. 14.
13- Pf- 116. 15. If.
57. 1, 2. Luke a.
29. Phil. 1. 21..

r Pf. 109. 17, 18. ch.
22.6, 11. ver. 25.

3 Ver. 26. Ezek. 33,
31. ch. 22. 20, 35,
38. Tit, 1. 16. Pi".
87,37.

1 1 Kin. 20. 23, 28.
Rev. 12. 17. Deut.
25. 17, 18. He
thought this cir.
cumliance might
promote their
curfe.

}Or the hill, ch.»l.
20. Deut. 3. 27. ofi
4. 49. & 34. 1.
uVer.1.25. If. 46.6.

x Ch. 22. 20, j;, ii,
fee ver. 5. even
though he fought
foi enchantments,
ch. 24. I.

s Reflections upon Chap. XXII.-, — Relations by blood are
fometimes the bittereft enemies to one another ; and feek to ruin
thofe who might expeft kindnefs from them. The moft awful
things in religion, imprecations of divine wrath not excepted, are
often transformed into oVdinances of the devil : and finners, with
great expenfe and toil, -court the affiftance of hell, when they
might have freely from heaven whatever they need. Yea, great
men, who fcorn to worfhip their Maker, frequently cringe as
flaves to the very flaves of the devil! What ineftimable value do
carnal men put upon earthly riches and honours, as if thefe were
fufficient to determine to any thing ! And there is great need to
realize eternal things, that nothing temporal may be able to decoy
us. But religion is fometimes put on as a cloke by thofe who
have no real regard to it. And the moil: prefumptuous claims to

God, and pretence of high regard to his will, are ufed when they
would gladly counteract it. Wicked meffengers indeed rarely re
port the whole of the truth as it really is : and the Lord often
apparently indulges diffemblers in their own way, and permits them
to follow- the courfe which he had once prohibited: and how fond
are they witheagernefs to follow his permiffion, and even go be
yond it ! The brute creation are often endangered, and fufFer for
man's fin ; even by the wickednefs of thofe to whom they have
been affiftant. But vain is every attempt to deftroy the church
while her God can fo eafily check it. In the moft unexpected
form he can rebuke fuch as think to oppofe him ; -however hearty
finners may be in their evil work, or liberally kind to fuch as they
hope will affift them in it.

fo Balak ys great grief Balaam is fill CHAP. XXIII. XXIV.

obliged to blefs the Ifraelites.

Before Chrift
1452.

yjudj. 3. 28,

B 1 Sam. 15. 29. Pf.
So. 35. Tit. 1. 2.
Hab. 2. 3. 2 Kin.
4. 16. Mal. 3. 6.
Rom. II. 29. Jam.
I. 17. He hath
irrevocably deter
mined to bkis
them.

a Rom. 8. 38, 39.
John 10. 27 — 29.
I Pet. I. 5. Gen.
27. 34. Rom. 8. 1,
33-
b Jer. 50. 20. with
Hab. I. 13. He
beheld no fin in
Ifrael at that time
which would pro
voke him to de-
' ftroy them -, nor
as iin angry Judge
docs he Tee any
Iin, againfl the
law as a covenant
of works, in be
lievers.
cExod. 34.9. Pf.23.
4. 8c is. 15. Judg.
6.13. Pf- 47- 7- If-
S.io. 2Chr. 13. 12.
Heb. 13. 5, 6. Rev.
si. 3.
A Ch. 24. 8. with
22.5.
e Ifrael, Deut. 33.
17. Pf. 22. 21. 8c
92. 10. Job. 39. 11.
CMaj.16. 18. Rom.
""lo>o.AJS->-!3. 39. ISC' 3.II.
U Or in.
gPf. 44. 2,3- & CV.
If. 26. 12. PM1. 2.
13. & 1.6.
it Gen. 49. 9. Jofh. vi
— xxii. 2 Sam. viii.
x. Mic. 5. il, 9.
Rom. 8. 37. Zech.
jo. 4, 5. & 12. 6.

I Ch. 22. 38. fee ver.
12. I Kin. 22. 14.

he ftood by his burnt -offering, and the
princes of Moab with him. And Balak
faid unto him, What hath the. Lord
fpoken ?
1 3 % And he took up his parable, and
faid, y Rife up, Balak, and hear; hearken
unto me, thou fon of Zippor :
1 9 * God is not a man that he fhould
lie, neither the fon of man that he fhould
repent : hath he faid, and fhall he not do
it? or hath he fpoken, and fliall he not
make it good ?
20 Behold, I have received commandment
to blefs: and he hath blefled, and I
a cannot reverfe it.
2 1 , He h hath not beheld iniquity in
Jacob, neither hath he feen perverfenefs
in Ifrael : the c Lord his God is with
him, them. 22 d God brought them out of Egypt;
e he hath as it were the ftrength of an
unicorn. 23 f Surely there is no enchantment
H againft Jacob, neither is there any divi
nation againft Ifrael : s according to this
time it fhall be faid of Jacob and of
Ifrael, What hath God wrought !'
24 Behold, h the people fhall rife up as
a great lion, and lift up himfelf as a young
lion : he fhall not lie down until he eat of
the prey, and drink the blood of the flain.
25 ^ And Balak faid unto Balaam,
Neither curfe them-at all, nor blefs them
at all.
26 But Balaam anfwered and faid unto
Balak,.1 Told not I thee
the Lord fpeaketh that I muft do ?

and the fliout of a king" is

among

faying, All that

Before Chrift
1452.

27 And Balak faid unto Balaam, Come,
I pray thee, I will bring thee unto an- "
other place ; peradventure it will pleafe
God that thou mayeft curfe me them
from thence.
28 And Balak brought Balaam unto
the top of kPeor, that looketh toward k S^.1"?1"
1 Jefhimon. ' Ch; »• 2°- & 33.
29 And mBalaam faid unto Balak, Build m 2P«. 2. i4, i5..
me here feven altars, and prepare me here ". «"i',V*
feven bullocks and feven rams.
30 And Balak "did as Balaam had faid, *l%y7+fi&
and offered a bullock and a ram on every
altar. CHAP. XXIV.
Here, (i) Notwithftanding all preparations to the
contrary, Balaam, direcled by God, again bleffes the
Ifraelites, and foretells their fruitfulnefs, honour,
conquefts, dominion, courage, and fafety ; I — 9.
(2) Balak, now quite enraged, difmiffes Balaam from
his fervice ; 10, ir. (3) Balaam, having offered
his excufie for his conducl, leaves with Balak fome
predictions of Ifrael' s and the Meffiah' s glory, and
of the deftruclion of the Moabites, Edomites, Ama
lekites, Affyrians, Greeks, and Romans ; 12 — 25.
AND when Balaam faw that it pleafed
the Lord to blefs Ifrael, he went
not, as at a other times, b to feek for »ch.23.3,,;.
enchantments, but he fet his face toward
the wildernefs.
2 And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and
he faw Ifrael c abiding in his tents accord- c ^; "• s°"g 6- *'
ing to their tribes
came upon him.
2 e And he took up his parable, and e Ch' *3' 7' lS*
faid, Balaam the fon of Beor hath faid,
i.l J.!*"" li-lf Heb. ivhi hud his
and the man f whofe eyes are open hath ^«/j«, outnow
r . , J x open-
faid: 4 He hath faid, who heard the words

b Heb. to the meeting
of enchantments,
If. 8.10.5:44.25.
& 47, 12.

and the d fpirit of God a «¦. n. 26-29.
J- 1 Sam. to.. 19—24.
ver. 4. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — What a coftly parade
in religion will the worft of men make, in order to obtain their
wicked ends! But fearful is their difappointment who think to
make God their debtor by their fervices. All inftruments are in
his hands, and he can indulge to hypocrites the moft amazing ma-
nifeftations of himfelf, when it is for the advantage of his people ;
or make ufe ofthe worft of inftruments to carry on his moft excel
lent works. But beautiful is the appearance of God's church
when every thing therein is regulated according to his prefcrip-
tions. Happy and fafe are they who have the gracious, the
almighty, and faithful, God for their protector and portion: though

troops overcome them, they fhall overcome at the laft ; and be
more than conquerors through him that loved them : he will make
their enemies to acknowledge the fovereign dominion, unchanging
care, and almighty power of their God, till they who hate the life
will wifh to die the death of the righteous. . But alas ! how obfti-
nate and unwearied are finners in their wicked courfes, and in
running from one refuge of lies to another! And it is always ne
ceffary for the faints to Watch and pray, fince, unknown to them,
their enemies may be adding one attempt after another to deftroy
them.

EXPLANATORY tiOTES. Chap. XXW. Ver. I. He would not again, in his
magical and fiiperftitious manner, coufult God, but i-efolyed ta curfe them without
afti"». God's leave.
Vol. I.

Ver. 3, 4. Balaam, whofe power to curfe was fo much relied on, whofe will wis fo
much inclined to it, and whofe knowledge and manifeftatioas of God are fo remark
able, muft aod will confirm it, that Ifrael fliall be blelTed.
I i

Balaam foretells Ifraefs
of God, who f faw the vifion of the Al-
falling into a trance, but having

Before Chrift
'45a-
(Gen. i5.,2.Dan.8. mighty,
17, 18, 27. Afls , . ° J
M^iaRev. f.i7. his eyes open :
1 Sam. 19. 24.
j Ch. ii. Song 6. 4,
10, 11, Coi. 2. 5.
tCh. ii.Rev. 11. 15.
If. II. 9, 10.
1 S;ne 4. 12. If. 58.
n.-pf. 1.3. &46.

NUMBERS. future greatnefs and glory,
but what the Lord faith, that will I

5 How s goodly a-ce thy tents, O Jacob,
and thy tabernacles, O Ifrael !
6 As the h valleys are they fpread forth,
as ' gardens by the river's fide, as the
ts^zf'^1"' k trees of lign-aloes which the Lord hath
kEzek.47-«-&3'- planted, and as cedar-trees befide the
1,4. pi. 92. 12,13. ir - '
waters. 1 pour the water Out of his
his feed fhall be in many
his m king: fhall be
and

fel

1.92.12,13.
, 16.

I Gen. 2.2.. 17. Prov.
c.16— j8. If. 48. 1.
His feed fhaij .in
creafe.
mPf. 18. 43. Ezra 4.
20. 1 Chr. 14, 9.
I Kin. 4.21. If". 2.
2 Dan. z. 44. Rev.
11,15. Mat. 28.18.

king kingdom

his

higher
fhall be

11 Ch. 23.2a. & 14.9.
Dent. 7. I. Join.
vi — xxii. 2 Sam.
viii.x-2Chr.xiv.xx. Pf.2. g. &45.
5. If. 60. 12. Pf.
no. 1, 5,6. Sc 21.
*— 12.

o Gen. 49.9. iKin.
4.25.

f Gen. iz. J..&27.
29.

« Prov. 11. 18, &
16. 9.
y Ch. 22. ,18.

7 He fhall
buckets, and
waters, and
than Agag,
exalted. 8 n God brought him forth out of
Egypt ; he hath as it were the ftrength
of an unicorn : he fhall eat up the nations
his enemies, and fhall break their bones,
and pierce them through with his ar
rows. 9 ° He couched, he lay down as a
lion, and as a great lion : who fhall ftir
him up ? ? Blefled is he that blefleth
thee, and curfed is he that curfeth thee.
10 .% And Balak's anger was kindled
againfl Balaam, and he fmote his hands
together: and Balak faid unto 'Balaam,
I called thee to curfe mine- enemies, and,
behold, thou
thefe three times
1 1 Therefore now flee thou to thy
place: I thought to promote thee unto
great honour; but, lo, the Lord hath
q kept thee back from honour.
1 2 And Balaam faid unto Balak, r Spake
I not alfo to thy meflengers which thou
fentefl unto me, faying,
13 If Balak would give me his houfe
full of filver and gold, I cannot go beyond
the commandment of the Lord, to do
either good or bad of mine own mind ;

haft altogether blefled them

Ver. 6—8. Thefe prediftions not only refpecl the glorious ftate of the Jews under
jofhua, David, Solomon, Afa, Jehofhaphat, &c. ; but alfo* reprefent the extent,
rlourifliing ftate, remarkable increafe, and marvellous power, of the fpiritual kingdom
of Chrift.
VVr. 17 — 19. Thefe predictions had their accomplilhment in the victories and
conquefts ofthe Hebrews over the Moabites or Edomites, and neighbouring nations,
in the days of Ehud, Gideon, and Jephthah; judg. iii. vii. xi. David, z Sam. v.
viii. x. Jchofl1aph.1t, z Chron. xx. 2 Kings iii. Uzziah, 2 Chron. xxvi; and after
the Chaldean cap'ivity, in the time of Hyrcinus and Alexander Janneus ; and perhaps
snv: have a further literal acpomplifhment when the Jews take poffeffion of Canaan.
'J /-. y may alfo relate to the conquefts ofthe heathen nations to Jefus Chrift under the
New Teftament.

Before Chrift
I4S2.

fpeak ?
14 And now, behold, I go unto my
people : come therefore, and I will s ad-
vertife thee what this people fhall do to
thy people in the ' latter days.
15^" And he u took up his parable, and
faid, Balaam the fon of Beor hath faid,
and the man whofe eyes are open hath
faid: 16 He hath faid, who x heard the
words of God, and knew the knowledge
of the Moft High, who faw the vifion of
the Almighty, falling into a trance, but
having his eyes open :
1 7 I fhall fee r him, but not now : I
fhall behold him, but not nigh: there
fhall come a Star out of Jacob, and a
Sceptre fhall rife out of Ifrael, and fhall
t fmite the corners of Moab, and deftroy *°£$Z£.'
all the children of Shetb.
1 8 And * Edom fhall be a pofleffion ;
Seir alfo fhall be a pofleffion for his ene
mies ; and Ifrael fhall do valiantly.
1 9 Out of Jacob fhall come a he that
fhall have dominion, and fhall deftroy
him that remaineth of the city. :
20 And when he looked on Amalek he
took up his parable, and faid, Amalek
was b the firft of the nations, but his c lat
ter end § fhall be that he perifh for ever.
21 And he looked on the Kenites;
and took up his parable, and faid, d Strong
is thy dwelling-place, and thou puttefr.
thy neft in a rock :
22 Neverthelefs,
wafted, + until Asfhur fliall carry thee
away captive. * Heb- *"'"•
23 And he took up his parable, and f bem^r«rf|
faid, Alas, who fhall live when God doth
this !
elf.23.. t. Dan.7.o»
2 4 And e fhips fhall come from the coaft l^l'^t

5 Ch. ji. 16. Rer*
2.14.

t Gen. 43, 1, ff. 1m
22. 3- Job 27. 1,

X Gen. 15. \%r bm.
8. 17, 18. & jo. 16,
Rev. 1.17. 1 Sam.
13. 24. Afls 10.10.

yGen.4g.10.Pf.7y. 70—72. & 60. S.
2 Sam-vjii. 2 Kin.
Hi. If. ir. 14.
Zech. 10. 11. Joha.
1.9. Rey. 22. 16.

th*

zGenjr;.29,4o.Pf. 60. 8-r-l2.!Amos
g. 12. If. 6j. 1, z»
ieepbad. If.
xxxiv. Jer. xlix.
Ezek. 25. iz— 14.
xxxv.
aPf. 108,7— (?.
1 Sain. viii. x. iii,
Dan. a. 44. Pi.
no. 1, 5, 6-

bThtjirJftfihen*' tims that waned
againjl Ifratl,
Excd. 17. g.
c Judfj.-e. 3. & vii.
viii. 1 Sam, 14^48* .
&30. i,i7.iCh&
4.43. Efth. viii.ix.'^
wiihExod. TJ. l6* V£
$ Or fliall be evmtt
df.ru&im. '--

the Kenites fhall be d**3£jK*
16. Jer.. 49. vs.
Ames 0. 2, 3.

Ver. 20. The Amalekites were once one of the principal nations around Canaan,
and were the firft who attacked the Ifraelites ; and therefore gradually deftroyed by
them in the days of Gideon, Saul, David, Hezekiah, and Efther.
Ver. 21. Perhaps thefe Kenites were not the pofterity of Jethro, lint rather an
Arabian tribe, who were neighbours to the Amalekites, and were at 1-aft carried cap
tives by the Affyrians, about the time of Hezekiah or Manafleh.
Ver. 24. This was fulfilled when firft the Greeks, and afterwards the Romans,
invaded Alia, fubdued Affyria, Canaan, and the places about; and when their refpec-
tivc empires were, not long after, brought to ruin ; the Greeks about one hundred yeais
before Chrift, and the Romans about A.D. 476 ; and will be more fully accomplilhed
in the ruin of the Popifli and Turkifh empires.

Hebrews plagued for idolatry.

CHAP. XXV.

Phinehas* zeal and reward.

Before Chrift
1452.

f Began to fet off",
ch. ;i. 8. Jofh. ij.

of Chittim, and fhall affli£t Asfhur, and
fliall afflict Eber, and he alfo fhall perifh
for ever-
25 And Balaam rofe up, and went and
f returned to his place : and Balak alfo
went his way.

CHAP.

XXV.

J Ch. 33. 49. & 36.
¦xi. Jolh. j. 1.
b Deut. 4. 5, 4. ver.

Becaufe God would not fiuffer Balaam to hurt the If
raelites by his curfe, before his departure he counfel-
ed Balak how he might caufe them to ruin them
felves. Hence, ( I ) By the Moabitijh and Midia-
nitijh women, who frequented their camp, the Ifraelites
lire feduced into whoredom and idolatry ; I — 3.
{2} Their fin is punifhed with the hanging of a thou
fand by the magiftrates, and with the death of about
twenty-three thoufand more by a plague from God ; 4,
5, 9. (3) The zeal of Phinehas, in flaying two im
pudent tranfgreffors, flops the plague, and procures to
himfelf honour from God, and a lafting grant of the
High Priefthood; 6 — 15. (4) God commands the
Hebrews to deftroy the Midianitijh nation, whofe
women it feems had been the principal fieducers ;
16 — 1-8.
AND Ifrael abode in a Shittim, and
the h people begun to commit whore-

j!,i6.Eed.j.^. dom with the daughters of Moab.

I Cor.io. 6. kxod,
£0. 14.
cCh. 31. 16. Rev. z.
14. 1 Cor. 10. 8.
Pi. 106. zi. Exod.
34. is. Prov, 1.
10, 16.
iHof.o.lo.Pf.loS. z8, V).
* Baalrpeor,orPeor, was an idol of the
Moabites. and Mi
dianites.
-e Exod. £0- 5. Deut.
jz. zi, zz.
f g$t*-*\£' hang them up before the Lord againft
prov. n. 3. tjle fun^ tkat foe fierce anger of the Lord
sExod.i8.*!,zo.& may be turned away from Ifrael.
22* 27. Lev 20 2 -
&3« tzt'ti;'™: 5 -^nd Mofes faid unto g the judges of
-tifds'ffJl Ifrael, Slav ye every one his men that
&l8.20.j0lll.M. . • J, J TI 1
jt-.i wn. 18.40. were ioined unto Baal-peor.
z Kin. 10. 24, 25. J - I
&n.i8. 6 ^[ And, behold, one of the children

• 2 And they c called the people unto the
facrifices of their gods : and the people
did eat, and bowed down to their gods.
2 And Ifrael d joined himfelf unto
"* Baal-peor : c and the anger of the Lord
was kindled againft Ifrael.
4 And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
1 Take all the heads of the people, and

Before Chrift
1452.

25. ch-3f
6. Joiii. zz. n.
Judg. zo. z8.

]c A fpear or pike,
I Sam. 18. 10, 11.
& 19. Cf,

of Ifrael came and brought unto his bre
thren a Midianitifli woman in the fight
of Mofes, and in the fight of all the
congregation of the children of Ifrael,
who were h weeping before the door of "**¦£*?£?
the tabernacle of the congregation.
7 And ' when Phinehas, the fori of ' ^xotiflctft.
Eleazar, the fon pf Aaron the prieft, faw
/'/, he rofe up from among the congrega
tion, and took a k javelin in his hand;
8 And he went after the man of Ifrael
into the tent, and thr uft both of them
through, the man of Ifrael, and the
woman through her belly. l So the plague ' „:£&,£%:
was flayed from the children of Ifrael.
9 And m thofe that died in the plague
were twenty and four thoufand.
10 5[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 1 " Phinehas, the fon of Eleazar, the
fon of Aaron the prieft, hath turned my
wrath away from the children of Ifrael,
while he was zealous for my fake among
them, that I confumed not the children
of Ifrael in my ° jealoufy.
12 Wherefore fay, p Behold, I
unto him my covenant of peace:
13 And he fhall have it, and his feed
after him, even the covenant of an i ever
lafting priefthood ; becaufe he was r zea
lous for his God, and,made an atonement
for the children of Ifrael.
1 4 Now the name of the Ifraelite that
was flain, even that was flain with the
Midianitifli woman, was Zimri the fon
ofSalu, s a prince of a
the Simeonites.
15 And the name of the Midianitifli
woman that was flain was Cofbi the

give

m 1 Cor. 10. 8. with
ver. 4., 5. Deut. 4.
2. It feems Mofes
here includes
thofe who were
hanged during th&
plague.

n Pf. 106. 50. Jolh*
vii. 2 Sam. 21- 1— -
14. a Coir. 11. 2..

o Exod. 20. 5. Deut.
;z. 21. Nah. 1. 2.
If. 59. 17.
p Mal. 2.4, <j. Heb,
7.11,16, lli.

4 1 Chr. 6. 4— ij.
Jer. 33. i7lpi8.
r Gal. 4.18. Pf. 106.
ac, 3 t. Zech. 1.14.
Pf. 69. 9. 6c lio>
Xj6, 139.

chief houfe among »°£*"- **"«¦..
$ Hc'o. houfe of a fa
ther.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — Wretched indeed are
thofe who are, by their confeience, excluded from the carnal en
joyments ot this world, and notwithftanding live in thofe lufts
which will exclude them from heaven : for great light may abound
in the head when there is nothing but naughtinefs in the heart.
Often finners are proud of thofe gifts which God beftows upon
them for the benefit of his people : and their knowledge, being
curfed, is an effectual hinderance of true wifdom. But numerous
and large are the bleflings which God beftows upon his chofen
people! they maybe an eye-fore to Satan and his agents; yet
God lays an effectual reftraint upon their moft inveterate enemies ;
and he will at laft convince his oppofers of the emptiriefs and folly
of all their devilifh devices for thwarting his purpofes or annoying

his people. What infinite knowledge is there in God ! he per
fectly difcerns every circumftance of nations and perfons, ages
unnumbered, before there is the fmalkft- appearance thereof. He
fees all changes to the end, all the deftruc\io;i and havock which
fin will make in the world of one nation after another. But bleffed
be the Lord-, who hath raifed up an Horn of falvation in the houfe
of his fervant Jacob; — a Star to enlighten the Gentiles, and be
the glory of his people Ifrael ; a Captain of falvation, tp go foi th
conquering and to conquer. But let me not difmifs this eaftern
forcerer Balaam, with his high pretences to religion, his glorious
fpeeches, and his noted intimacy with God, without ferioufly in
quiring, What am. I — What have I — what do I— what defire
I— more than He ? Ii %

'The third numbering of

NUMBERS.

the Hebrew tribes

Before Chrift
t Ch. 31.8. Jofh. 13.
zi. This ait ot
Phinehas was done
bv a warrant from
Cod.
% Ch. 31. z. Rev.

daughter

Ch. 31
18.6.

St Exod. z. 14.

1. io. Rev.

a Ch. ze. 9. This
was the third time.
they were 'num
bered, Exod. 38.
*5, 26. cb. 1. li.

kCh. i. ii. Exod. 38.
zs, z6. -3c 30. iz.

of ' Zur ; he uw head over a
people, and of a chief houfe in Midian.
16 ^f And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 7 u Vex the Midianites, and fmite
them :
1 8 For they vex you with their x wiles,
wherewith they have beguiled you in the
matter ofPeor, and in thematter of Cofbi,
the daughter of a prince of Midian, their
fifter, who was flain in the day of the
plague for Peor's fake.
C HA P. XXVI.
The plague juft mentioned having finifhed the 'ruin of
the -unbelieving defpifiers of the promifed land, i
( I ) God commands Mofes and Eleazar the high \
prieft to number the Ifraelites a third time ; and a '
regifter of the families, and numbers of each tribe,
(fome increafed, fome decreafed, fince laft reckoned) j
andofthefu-mtotdl,isinferted; 1 — 51. (2)- God
'direcls'thetmto 'divide -the (promifed land, when 'con
quered, by lot, and in proportion to the numbers in
tribes and families ; 52 — 56. (3) The Levites, j
¦who' were to have no inheritance, are numbered and]
regiftered by themfelves; 57 — 62. (4) Exprefs no
tice is taken that God's threatening (chap, xiv.) had
been-fulfilled in the death of all thofe who had been \
numbered at Sinai, about thirty-nine years before ;
63 — 65; and the terrible death of Dathan, Abi
ram, Korah, Nadab, and Abihu, is particularly com- !
memorated; 9", I0,:6l.
AND it came to pafs, a after the
plague, that the Lord fpake unfol
Mofes and unto Eleazar the fon of Aaron
the prieft, faying,
2, Take the fum of all the congregation
ofthe children of Ifrael, b from twenty
years old and upward, throughout their
father's houfe, all that are able to go to
war in Ifrael.
2 And Mofes and Eleazar the prieft

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — If the devil's agents pre
vail not againft the church one way, they will try another. But
Jet us remember that no enchantment can hurt us but that of our
own lufts ; that one fin leads to another ; and that few tempta-
1 tions are more dangerous than the luftful love of women. If once
the heart be enfnared, the miferable flave of luft and beauty may
be enticed, to any thing finful. Nothing more endangers the foul's
final apoftafy from God than yielding to the felicitation of flefhly
lufts ; nor doth any thing more effectually fecure the vengeance
pf God, and damnation of hell. Yea, general diftempers and
loathfome difeafes are the fruit of general and loathfome iniqui
ties : and fuch' finners quickly become impudent in their crimes.
It is neceflary therefore to punifh fins with greajt impartiality, as

Before Chrift
1452,.

fpake with them in the 'plains "of Moab
by Jordan near Jericho, faying, cch.zz.j.&33.48."
4 Take the fum of the people, from
twenty years old and upward; as the
Lord a- commanded Mofes and the chil- dCh-",-ra-i'
dren of Ifrael, which went' forth out of
the land of Egypt.
5 5T e Reuben, the eldeft fon of Ifrael: e^"**»»-
the children of Reuben ; Hanoch, of fSSftfr
whom cometh the family of the Hanochites:
of Pallu, the family of the Palluites r
6 Of Hefron, the family of the Hef-
ronites: of Carmi, the family of the
Carmites. 7 f Thefe are the families of the Reu- tx^£&£&,
"benites : and they that were numbered tSStz^t1"™'
of them were forty and three thousand
and feven hundred and thirty.
8 And the fon of Pallu ; Eliab.
9 And the fon& of Eliab; Nemuel,
and Dathan, and Abiram. This is that
Dathan and Abiram which were g famous E %*\*\>Ti&.
in the congregation, who ftrove againft ,7'
Mofes and againft Aaron in the company
of Korah, when they ftrove againft the
Lord :
10 And the earth opened her mouth,.
and fwallowed them up together with
Korah, when that company died', what
time the fire devoured two hundred and
fifty men : and they became a h fign
11
Korah died not
1 2 ff k The fons of Simeon after their kspms. «• &"«»
ll 33. oc 49. 5 — 7.
families : of ' Nemuel the family of the f~'
the Nemuelites : of Jamin, the family of #-J™
the Jaminites : of ** Jachin, the family of mlTh' ,Chr' *
the Jachinites : «
1 2 Of h Zerah, the family of the Zar- n It" *"*
 :  :  1

h 1 Cor. 10. 11. Jadft-
7. z Pet. z. 6. -
Notwithftanding 'the children , of '^^f*;^
title, I Chr. 6. »
—37-

Chr. 4. 14— 43 ,
Or Jemuil, Gen.

the higher men are the more aggravated and hurtful is their
offence. A well- timed" and prudent zeal for the honour of God,.
in oppofition to prevailing abominations, is a remarkable bleffing
to nations and churches. And God greatly honours and rewards
fuch as dare to be bold and impartial in his caufe' for ridding a land
of fin, and refcuing it from plagues. But friendship in fin quickly
iffues in mutual hatred and ruin ; and tempters to fin are tormented
with trouble. But in Phinehas may I not difcern Jefus, whofe
zeal for his'Father's houfe, and for the deftruftion of fin, and the
falvation of men, did as it were confume him ? who, for deftroying
the works of the devil, hath everlafting honours beftowed upon
him and his fpiritual feed ; and an everlafting covenant of prieft
hood eftablifhed <with him as the' reward of hisVrorkr
3

The number of

CHAP. XXVI.

each Hebrew tribe.

Before chrift, j^gg . 0f Shaul, the family of the Shaul-

'  ites. 1 4 Thefe are the families of the Si-
0 iz.'"to5«»fed meonites, ° twenty and two thoufand and
37'™- two hundred.
p?r49!%&3°' 15 % The p children of Gad after their
u-k1'1' p families : of q Zephon, the family of the
qz^«,Gen.46. Zephonites: of Haggi, the family of the
Haggites : of Shuni, the family of the
Shunites :
16 Of r Ozni, the family of the
Oznites : of Eri, the family ofthe Erites :
1 7 Of s Arod, the family of the Aro-
dites : of Areli, the family of the Arel-
ites.

r Or Ex,bcn, GeBi
46. 16,

sOrArodi, Gen. 46.
16.

'^'iX* 1 8 ' Thefe are the families of the chil
dren of Gad according to thofe that were
numbered of them, forty thoufand and
five hundred.
"S'./'&'Is^f' T 9 *f[ u The fons ofjudah were Er and
Tchr'.tf-iv: Onan : and Er and Onan died in the land
of Canaan.
20 And the fons ofjudah after their
families were ; of Shelah, the family of
the Shelanites : of Pharez, the family of
the Pharzitesi of Zerah, the family of
the Zarhites :
2 1 „ And the fons of Pharez were ; of
Hefron, the family of the Hefronites : of
Hamul, the family of the Hamulites.
'*jVto™&-* 22 * Thefe are the families of Judah
-».' "' according to thofe that were numbered of
them, threefcore and fixteen thoufand and
five hundred.
y^o'g,r 23 f 7 Of the fons of Iflachar after
-7'' 5' their families : tf Tola, the family of the
»or.pw,.ea. Tolaites • 0f z pua> tlae farnily qf the
Punites : c>
24 Of a Jafhub, the family of the
Jafhubites : of Shimron, the family of
the Shimronites..
2.5 b Thefe are the families of Iflachar
according to thofe that were numbered of
them, threefcore and four thoufand and
three hundred.
26 '^[ c Of the fons of Zebulun after
their families : of Sered, the family of the
Sardites: ofElon, the family of the Elon-
ites : of Jahleel, the family of the Jah-
Jeelites.. i

3 Or Jtb, Gen. 46.

kCh. 1. z8, 19. 8c z.
5, 6. increafed
9900.

( Gen. 46. 14. 8c 30,
19, zo. 8c 49. 13.
1 Chr. 2. 2.

27 d Thefe are the families of the 'i"^-"
Zebulunites according to thofe that were dCh-g^r^2-
numbered cf them, -threefcore thoufand 3™-
and fjVe hundred.
28 f e The fons of Jofeph after their egg;f &
families were Manafleh aiiu ^xsTZlTT:. _ ^f'd^zff'^'
20 f Of the fons of Manaffeh : of Ma- f j„m. ,7. T. ,0,;.
and 7I4~ia' "

C g Or Jbiexer, Joffc.
Ol 17. 2. Judg. 6. 11,
24, 34. & 8. z.

chir, the family of the Machirites
Machir begat Gilead : of Gilead came the
family of the Gileadites.
30 Thefe are the fons of Gilead: of
s Jeezer, the family of the Jeezerites
Helek, the family of the Helekites :
31 And of Afriel, the family of the
Afrielites : and of Shechem, the family
of the Shechemites :
32 And e/" Shemida, the family ofthe
Shemidaites: and c^Hepher, the family
of the Hepherites.
33 And h Zelophehad the fon of Hepher i»ch.i7.,.&J6.,n.
had no fons, but daughters : and the
names of the daughters *of Zelophehad
were Mahlah, and Noah, Hoglah, Mil-
cah, and Tirzah.
34 J Thefe are the families of Manaf- '^t^eSf
feh, and thofe that were numbered of Z0,S0Q'
them, fifty and two thoufand and feven
hundreds 25 % fc Thefe are the fons of Ephraim k rChr- 7.20,21.
after their families : of Shuthelah, the
family of the Shuthalhites : of l Becher, '*£*'«"
the family of the Bachrites :. of Tahan>
the family of the Tahanites.
36 And thefe are the fons of Shuthe
lah : of Eran, the family of the Eranites.
2J m Thefe are the families of the fons ^V *$«?&
of Ephraim according to thofe that were 8oop'
numbered of them, thirty and two thou
fand and five hundred. Thefe are the
fons of Jofeph after their families.
38 ^F n The fons of Benjamin after nGem|46.M.&3r.
their families : of Bela, the family of the 'Chr-7-6.£viii.
Belaites : of Aflibel, the family of the
Afhbelites : of °" Ahiram, the family ofthe ° f«. c«i. 4«. 21.
... ' J IStJharab, lC?,r.
Ahiramites : *• '•
2<) Of Shupham, the family of the
Shuphamites : of pHupham,, the family p£w'*> *=»''•*•'
of the Huphamites.
40 And the fons of Bela were q Ai'd *%fJ"?> ,cliri
and Naaman : of Ard, the family of the.

-Manner of dividing Canaan appointed. NUMBERS.

God's threatening exaclly fulfilled

Berore Chrift
1452.

rCh. 1.36, 37. 8c z.
2Z, 23. increaicd
jo, zoo.

Ardites : and of Naaman, the family of
the Naamites.
41 r Thefe are the fons of Benjamin
after their families : and they that were
numbered of them were forty and five

iiit-ruicuui arid fix hundred.

g Gen. 46. 23. Sc 30.
6. 8c 49. 16, 17.
I Chr. 7. iz.
II Or Huflim.

t Ch. 1.38,39. 8c z.
25, 26. increafed
, 2700-

X Ch. 1. 40, 41. 8c z.
27, 28. increaicd
- 1 1,930.

yGen. 46.24. &30.
¦ 7, 8. 8c 49. zi.
1 Chr. 7. 13.

2 Ch. T. 42, 43. 8c z.
.29, 30, decreafed
8000.

aCh. 1. 46. 8c z. 32.
decreaied of the
Jam total xSzo.

Before Chrifl
.1452.

42 ^[ s Thefe are the fons of Dan after
their families: of H Shuham, the family
of the Shuhamites. Thefe are the fami
lies of Dan after their families.
43 ' All the families of the Shuham
ites, according to thofe that were num
bered of them, were threefcore and four
thoufand and four hundred.
n?,cn&4649!7zo&30, 44 1FU Of the children of Afher after
their families : of Jimna, the family of
the Jimnites : of Jefui, the family of the
Jefuites : of Beriah, the family of the
Beriites. 45 Of the fons of Beriah : of Heber,
the family ofthe Heberites : of Malchiel,
the family ofthe Malchielites.
46 And the name of .the daughter of
Afher was Sarah.
47 x Thefe are the families of the fons
\©f Afher according to thofe that were
numbered of them ; who were fifty and
three thoufand and four hundred.
48 % y Of the fons of Naphtali after
their families : of Jahzeel, the family of
the Jahzeelites: of Guni, the family of
the Gunites :
49 Ofjezer, the family of the Jezer-
ites: of Shillem, the family ofthe Shil-
lemites. 50 z Thefe are the families of Naphtali
according to their families : and they that
were numbered of them were forty and
.five thoufand and four hundred.
5 1 a Thefe were the numbered of the
children of Ifrael, fix hundred thoufand
and a thoufand feven hundred and thirty.
52 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 52 Unto § thefe the land fhall be
divided for an inheritance according to
the number of names. .
54 b To many thou fhalt c give the
more inheritance, and to few thou fhalt
d jnve the .lefs inheritance, to every one

.4 So Canaan -was to
be divided into
601,7^0 portions,
and each might
have 15 acres.
.b Ch. 33. 54. with
Exdd. iz. ,. & 16.
16. Jofh. xv — xix.
C Heb. multiply his
inherit tfaccjvcr. $6-
A Heb. dimritfh f-is ¦
tnhcrhanit^z: .56.

fhall his inheritance be given according to
thofe that were numbered of him.
55 Notwithftanding, the land fhall be
e divided by lot: according to the names £Cz3;3i,544i0&l7r:
of the tribes of their fathers thev fliall ^-'W^m,
. , J 32, ,0.
innerit. 56 According to the lot fliall the pof
feffion- thereof be divided between many
and few.
57 ^[ f And thefe are they that were f cm.^.-,,. &20,
numbered of the Levites after their fa- h^itkiSi.
milies: of Gerfhon-, the family of the 6'''16,
Gerfhonites : of Kohath, the family of
the Kohathites : of Merari, the family
of the Merarites.
58 Thefe are the families of the Le
vites : the family of the Libnites, the
family of the Hebronites, the family of
the Mahlites, the family of the Mufhit.es,
the family of the Korathites. And Kohath
begat Amram.
59 And the name of Amram's wife
was E Jochebed, the daughter of Levi, s «£*¦*•».*•& a
whom her mother bare to Levi in Egypt :
and fhe bare unto Amram Aaron and
Mofes, and Miriam their fifter.
60 And unto Aaron was born Nadab
and Abihu, Eleazar and Ithamar.
61 And h Nadab and Abihu died when hi**-».2.ch,3.*
11 Chr. 34. 2.
they offered ftrange fire before the Lord.
62 And thofe that were -1 numbered of ^'i3?:^!7'
them were twenty and three thoufand, all "eaW<1 ""^ '
males from a month old and upward :
for they were not numbered among the
children of Ifrael, becaufe there was k no k ^t,8-01^t»r4.
inheritance given them among the chil- "'-j%,&,*«:&
dren of Ifrael. S^IoaJxii.
63 ^[ Thefe are they that were num
bered by Mofes and Eleazar the prieft,
who numbered the children of Ifrael in
the plains of Moab by Jordan near Je
richo. 64 But among thefe there was not a
man ' of them whom Mofes and Aaron 1 ch. j. a. Deut*
the prieft numbered when they numbered
the children of Ifrael in the. wildernefs of
Sinai. 65 For the Lord had faid of them,
ra They fhall furely die in the wildernefs. "icor^'oi'J'pr.
And there was not left a man of them, »^». Hei. 3. «

Daughters of Zelophehad
jserore chrift. fave caleb the fon of Jephunneh and
 ~ Jofhua the fon of Nun.

CHAP. XXVII.

are confituted as heirs.

Before Chrift
1452.

CHAP.

XXVII.

No mention having been made of females in the late
directions for the diviftan of Canaan, here (1) The
daughters of Zelophehad infift that they, as heirs to
their father, may have a portion : and God enacls a
law in their favour, conftituting the daughters as
heirs where no fons are furviving; I — n. (2) God
warns Mofes that his death, on account of his fin
at Meribah Kadefh, was at hand; 12 — 14. (3) In
confequence of Mofes' prayer, Jofhua is, by God's
appointment, folemnly ordained his fucceffor to govern
the Ifraelites, and to put them in poffeffion of Canaan ;
15—22.
't'd^ol^f HpHEN came the daughters of a Ze-
X lophehad, the fon of Hepher, the
fon of Gilead, the fon of Machir, the fon
of Manafleh, ofthe families of Manafleh
the fon of Jofeph : and thefe are the names
of his daughters ; Mahlah, Noah, and
Hoglah, and Milcah, and Tirzah.
*joih.J7-4- z And b they ftood before Mofes, and
before Eleazar the prieft, and before the
princes and all the congregation, by the
door of the tabernacle of the congrega
tion, faying,
3 c Our father died in the wildernefs,
and he was not in the company of them
that gathered themfelves together againft
the Lord in the company of Korah ; but
died in his own fin, and had no fons.
4 Why fhould the name of our father
• Ha.**,** be *d done awa from amono; his family,
aExod.32.11.1Sam. riii r \ y-,-
ptovif.'.'c!.0'''13' becaufe he hath no fon r Give unto us
therefore a pofleffion among the brethren
of our father.
•^V&v^iz. 5 And Mofes e brought their caufe
before the Lord.
6 5[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
%ing> .,,
7 The "daughters of Zelophehad fpeak
fCje'r?4o!'nf'jo(h5' right : f thou fhalt furely give them a
J7. 4- cai. 3. zs. pofleffion 0f aa inheritance among their
father's brethren ; and thou fhalt caufe

C Ch. 14. 3 j. & 26.
64, 65. with ch.
ID. J, 2.

the inheritance' of their father to pafs ^
unto them.
8 And thou flialt fpeak unto the chil
dren of Ifrael, faying, If a man die, and
have no fon, then ye fhall caufe his inhe
ritance to pafs unto his daughter :
9 And if he have no daughter, then
ye fliall give his inheritance unto his bre
thren :
10 And if he have no brethren, then
ye fliall give his inheritance unto his fa
ther's brethren :
1 1 And if his father have no brethren,
then ye fhall give his inheritance unto
his g kinfman that is next to him of his sl«.i8.6.&2S.2j.
family, and he fliall poffefs it : and it
fliall be unto the children of Ifrael h a i>ch.TS.z9. .
ftatute of judgment, as the Lord com
manded Mofes.
1 2 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,
' Get thee up into this mount Abarim, iDmt.32.49.4i31.
r • 7 14. & 34. 1.
and fee the land which I have given unto
the children of Ifrael.
13 And when thou haft feen it thou
alfo fhalt be gathered unto thy people, as
k Aaron thy brother was gathered. k ^.Th^t
14 For ye * rebelled againft my com- zSe.ns.IS' '
mandmeiit in the defert of Zin, in the ' ^.f.^lk
ftrife of the congregation, to fanctify me ,o6'34' "
at the water before their eyes : that is the
water of Meribah in Kadefh in the wil
dernefs of Zin.
1 5 ^[ And Mofes fpake unto the Lord,
faying, 16 m Let the Lord, the God of the m ch. is. «2. zca.
, - iz. I. Heb. 12. 9.
fpirits of all flefh, let a man over the con- ™/V'ik8inD;u7'
gregation, Joh" 10'3'4' 9'"
17 "Who may go out before them, n2Chr.i.io.isam.
and who may go in before them, and
who may lead them out, and who may
bring them in ; that the congregation of
the Lord be not ° as fheep which have °ze|.\".'27;
no fhepherd.
18 % And the Lord faid unto Mofes,

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — It is fafe to number the
people, or to do any thing elfe, when God requires it. Sin only
is dangerous : it is this that ruins and deftroys, yea, brings lafting
and public infamy upon fuch perfons as might otherwife have been
of great ufefulnefs and fame. ' What alteration providence makes
in families, tribe?, and nations, and what havock death makes of
mankind, in a fliort time ! Exadtly,- though gradually, are the

9. 36. Murk (j.

threatenings of God's word accomplifhed ; but, amidft all the
changes of this world, his faithfulnefs abides the fame: yea, with
care and wifdom he fixes even the outward lot of his people ; and
the promifes of .his grace are fure to all the feed ; and in the en
joyment of them we ought therefore to, be attentive to his fovereign
difpofal.

7, cM;.^ ^ _
r-.i. 15. fi, 16. it
itr 6-. ;o.
3 Gen. 41. 38. Judg.
j. to. & n. 19.
i.a-i. 16. 13*14*

1 Chr. 29. 23, 25.
ch. 11. 27, 28.
. 1 Sam. 10. 6, 9.
Drat. 34. 9, 10.
Jmh. 1. 16. 2 Kin.
2. ic, 15.

i-Jflfh. 9. 14. Judg.
r. 1. & 20. 18.

J/^j- /»«/? die, and Jofhua Jucceed.
Bcfcreni-ir, p .ji^g jjjgg jomua the fon of Nun, a man
fTcTT7z~&7,: q in whom /'j the fpirit, and lay thine hand
upon him;
19 And fet him before' Eleazar the
prieft, and before all the congregation ;
and give him a charge in their fight.
20 And r thou fhalt put fome of thine
honour upon him, that all the congrega
tion of the children of Ifrael may be obe
dient, 21 And he fliall ftand before Eleazar
the prieft, who fliall s afk counfel for him
'sr&U'.l.'^th after the judgment of Urim before the
Lord: at his word fhall they go out,
and at his word they fliall come in, both
he and all the children of Ifrael with
him, even all the congregation.
22 And Mofes did as the Lord com
manded him : and he took Jofhua, and
fet him before Eleazar the prieft, and be
fore all the congregation :
23 And he laid his hands upon him,
and l gave him a charge, as the Lord
commanded by the hand of Mofes.
CHAP. XXVIII.
The Hebrews were now muftered for conquering Ca
naan ; the laws were given for the divifion of it; the
governor, to conducl them in both, was appointed.
In this and the following chapters orders are given
for always carrying their religion along with them.
Here we have brief prefcriptions concerning the fia-
trifices and oblations to be offered. ( I ) Every day,
morning and evening, and which were in no cafe to
be omitted; r — 8. 10, 15, 23, 31. (2) Every
weekly fabbath; 9, 10. (3) At every new moon,
or on the firft day of every month; 11 — 15. (4)
Every year, at the paffover and feaft of unleavened
bread; 16 — 25; and at pentecoft ; 26 — 31.

» Bern. 3. 18. & jr.
7,8, 14, 23. If. 48*
id. & 55- 4-

A1

ND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Command the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, a My offering, and
?u.Eph^2.'' my bread for my facrifices made by fire,
\ffs^\t jor b a fweet favour unto me, fliall ye ob-
'"frffcclffz. ferve to offer unto me in their due feafon.
ai. Lev. I. 9-

a Lev. 1— vii- xxiii,
&2I.6.8. Mal. 1

NUMBERS. Laws of daily facrifce, for the fabbath, &c,
s 3 f And thou flialt fay unto them, s%^m
c This is the offering made by fire which el^Tz^lir^
ye fhall offer unto the Lord; two lambs *s7i6.'&r°snJ'
of the firft year without fpot t day by f^.inada,:...
day, for a continual burnt-offering.
4 The d one lamb fhalt thou offer in ^fl'sfi^l
the morning, and the other lamb fhalt &V^8.'izkt.
1 „- ° + 1.19,20. ftoa;
thou offer at + even ; 2J- Hc°- 9- z6.
5 And e a tenth part of an ephah of *"£;,."*
flour for a meat-offering, mingled w;th eli^l:lf%^t
the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil. z.M,'.S3^S7,Ga1-
6 It is a continual burnt-offering,
f which was ordained in mount Sinai for f S^i^TS:.
a fweet favour, a facrifice made by fire ir-V^Rom.
, _ •" 12. 1. iPet. z. J.
unto the Lord. »*. i3. ,s, ,&
7 And b the drink-offering thereof fhall •g^'ft, ***
be the fourth part of an hin for the one i'V^-io'.0' "4"
lamb : in the holy place fhalt thou caufe
the ftrong wine to be poured unto the
Lord for a drink-offering.
8 And the other lamb fhalt thou offer
h at even: as the meat-offering of the hG*f4.^; £'„*?,;.
morning, and as the drink-offering there- £.4^1^ Iwi.
of, thou fhalt offer //, a facrifice made by
fire of a fweet favour unto the Lord.
9 f" And * on the fabbath day two'Sln."'
lambs of the firft year without fpot, and £;.».-*
two tenth -deals of flour for a meat
offering, mingled with oil, and the drink-
offering thereof:
10 This is the burnt-offering of every
fabbath, k befide the continual burnt- «T«.i,f, jm;,
offering;, and his drink-offering;. ?,' 2' *>!' is' ^
1 1 % And in the beginnings of your ii&wi. 20.5,-6..
months ye fhall offer a burnt-offering; f^.p^kl,"'
J O Gal. 4. 4, 5. Rom.
unto the Lord ; m two young bullocks, 8 -j- p;- 4°- ^
and one ram, feven lambs ofthe firft year ™ K.sl?ffk.ff.s<\
' J —14. Rev. 5. 9.
without fpot ; 2Cor.5.2i.
1 2 n And three tenth-deals of flour^cr ¦> see ch. 15.2-15.
a meat-offering mingled with oil, for one
bullock ; and two tenth-deals of flour^cr

a meat-offering mingled with oil, for
one ram ;

Reflections upon Chap^CXVII.— With thefe daughters of
Zelophehad let me manifeft-a ftrong faith in the promifes of God,
a ftrono- defire after the better- country, and a tender regard to my
parent/ honour ; fo. fhall my labour not be in vain in the Lord.
While I obferve that it is appointed for all men once to die; that
God's principal favourites are often moft feverely chaftifed for
their fin: but that in death believers retire to their beft friends,
to their unchanging and eternal reft i— while I profit by the death

of others, whom I have feen depart before me in peace and com
fort; — let me, with Mofes, kindly accept God's warnings of my
own death. — Let me manifeft a deep concern for the welfare of
the church after I am gone ; and rejoice that Jefus liveth, and is
appointed of God a's her Governor, to put all her true members
in poffeffion of the promifed reft.— And let me, with Jofhua, cheer
fully comply with God's call to the hardeft work, and always act
according to his infpired directions.

Sacrifices for the paffover feaf and pentecoft '.'

C PI A P. XXIX.

Sacrifices at the feaf of trumpets.

Before Chrift
14-52- '

13 And a feveral tenth-deal of flour
niingled with oiiyor a meat-offering unto
one lamb, for a burnt-offering of a fweet
favour, a facrifice made by fire unto the
Lord. 14 And their drink-offerings fhall be
half an hin of wine unto a bullock, and
the third part of an hin unto a ram, and
a fourth part of an hin unto a lamb : this
is the burnt-offering of every month
throughout the months of the year.
1 5 And one ° kid of the goats for a fin-
the Lord fhall be offered,
befide the continual burnt-offering; and

eXer. i5. IJ. ch. 15.
24. Rom. 8. 3.
zCor. 5. 21. tPet. CC ¦ .
n.z4.ii.s3-6,ii,.ofienng unto

p See Exod. IZ. 2—
, 43—49- Deut-

his drink-offering.

16. 1. Lev. zj. 5-

£z

4S.2I. lCor.5.7.

c Lev. 23. 6. Exod.
IZ.15— 20. &I3.6.
&34.18. Deut. 16.
3,4,8. 1 Cor. J. 8.
I Pet. 2..1. 2Cnr,
I. 12. Phil. 4. 8.
Acts 24. 16. -
i- Lev. 23. 7, Exod.
IZ. 16. Heb. 4. 3,
10. 8c so. 25. '&
IZ. 22 — 24.

IS

the fourteenth day of
the paflbver of the

16 f ? And in
f:1?;9.^^; the firft month
Lord. 1 7 1 And in the fifteenth day of this
month is the feaft : feven days fhall un- i
leavened bread be eaten.
1 8' In the r firft day fhall be an holy
convocation; ye fhall do no manner of
fervile work therein:
1 9 But ye fliall offer a facrifice made
by fire for a burnt-offering unto the
84"'2"'27.'EMk' Lord ; 6two young bullocks, and one
ram, and feven lambs of the firft year :
fhall be unto you ' without ble-

t Ver. 3, 9, 11, it. *\,~-T
ch.29.2,8,i3,&c. tney
Exod. 12. 5. Lev. • rt
1. 1. & 22. ,9-25. mnh
Luke 1. 35. 2 Cor.
20 And their meat-offering fhall be of
flour mingled with oil

fc'

b. 7. 26.

three tenth-deals
fliall ye offer for a bullock, and two tenth-
deals for a ram ;
21 A feveral tenth-deal fhalt thou of
fer for every lamb, throughout the feven
lambs :
22 And one goat for a fin-offering; to
make an atonement for you.
23 Ye fhall offer thefe befide the burnt-
offering in the morning, which is for a
continual burnt-offering.
24 After this manner ye fhall offer
daily, throughout the feven days, the
meat of the facrifice made by fire of a
fweet favour unto the Lord : it fliall be

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII. — Fully, yea infinitely,
anfiverable is Jefus Chrift and his fulnefs to the wants of every
day, every week, every month, every year, every ordinance, and
every cafe. Let me therefore fpend each hour, each period of my
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
'4-52-

u See vci . 10.
x Lev. 23. 8. Exod.
ir.. 6. Heb. 4. 9. &
IZ. 22—24. 8c io.
25. If. 52. I, z.

yExod. 23.16. 8c 34,
22. Deut. 16. 7 —
11. Adts 2. 1.
I Cor. 16. 8, Lev.
23. 15 — zi. Acts ii
—xix. Joel z. 28
— 3Z.

offered " befide the continual burnt-offer
ing and his drink-offering.
25 And on the x feventh day ye fhall
have an holy convocation ; ye fliall do no
fervile work.
26 f Alfo y in "the day of the firft-
fruits, when ye bring a new meat-offer
ing unto the Lord, after your weeks be
out, ye fhall have an holy convocation ;
ye fliall do no fervile work :
27 But ye fhall. offer the burnt-offering
for a fweet favour unto the Lord ; z two z Ver-">'9-
young bullocks, one ram, feven lambs of
the firft year ;
28 And their meat-offering of flour
mingled with oil, three tenth-deals unto
one bullock, two tenth-deals unto one
ram, ,
29 A feveral tenth-deal unto one lamb,
throughout the feyen lambs ;
30 And one a kid ofthe goats ; to make ^4jw58.1:,f
an atonement for you.
3 1 Ye fhall offer them b befide the con
tinual burnt-offering and his meat-offer
ing, (they fhall be unto you without
blemifh) and their drink-offerings.
CHAP. XXIX.
Here God prefcribes the facrifices and oblations to be
offered on the feftivals of the feventh facred month,
viz. (1) At the feaft of trumpets ; I — 6. (2) On
the faft of expiation ; 7 — n. (3) At the feaft of
tabernacles;. 12 — 40. (4) That no, extraordinary
oblation fhould ever fiupercede the ordinary ones ; 6,
II, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 38.
AND in the a feventh month, on the *£'1&&S,,
firft day of the month, ye fliall
have an holy convocation ; ye fliall do no
fervile work : it is a day of blowing the
trumpets unto you.
2 And ye fliall offer a burnt-offering
for a fweet favour unto the Lord ;- b one ^^'.'j^:
young bullock, one ram, and feven lambs <\°\l°Xf
of the firft year without blemifh :
3 And their c meat-offering fhall be 0fcSctm''1<
flour mingled with oil, three tenth-deals
for a bullock, and two tenth-deals for
a ram,

Z Cor. 5.
I Pet. 2. 24. Sc 3.
18. If. sj. 4-6,
XI, IZ.
b See vci. 10,

6. 1 Chr. 15. zB.
Pf. 81. 1—3. Rom.
10. 14—18. 8c 15.
16. it). 8c 10. 15,
18. Eph. 3. 8, 9.
Afls I.S.Mark iri.
15. Pf. 89. IJ.

>4i &

time, in beholding him as my God-honouring, fin-expiating, peace
and comfort-procuring facrifice ! Let me always live on him, and
to him ; and blefs the Lord that, thefe fhadows being done away
he is fet before us evidently as crucified in the gofpel.
K k

Sacrifices at the expiation faft

NUMBERS.

and feaf of tabernacles.

Before Chrift
1452.

dLev. 16. 15. ch. sc.
24. 8c 28. 15, 22,
3c. ver. II, 16, 19,
22, 25, 28, 3 1, 3 j,
38. Gal. 4.4. Rom.
8. 3- If- S3- 4-6.
21, 12. 2 Cor. 5.
21. 1 Pet. 2. 24. &
3.18.
e Ch. 28. 11—15. f
f Ch. 28.3—8. Exod.
29. 38—42. Lev.
6.9.

gLev. 16.29,30,31.
8c 23.27. Afts 27.

9.Pf.35.I3. iCor.
9. 27. Zech. 12 10.
Rom. 6.6. Gal. 5.
24. Luke 13. 3, 5.

k Ch. 15. 3— IZ. &
28. II — 14,20,21.
ver. 3, 4. John 6.
32— 58. Gal. 2. 20.

4 And one tenth-deal for one lamb,
throughout the feven lambs :
5 And d one kid of the goats for a fin-
offering ; to make an atonement for you :
6 Befide the e burnt-offering of the
month, and his meat-offering, and the
daily burnt-offering, and his meat
offering, and their drink-offerings, ac
cording unto their manner, for a fweet
favour, a facrifice made by fire unto the
Lord. 7 5T And s ye fhall have on the tenth
day of this feventh month an holy con
vocation ; and ye fhall afflicf your fouls :
ye fhall not do any work therein:
8 But ye fhall offer a burnt-offering
hseevar.j. unto the LoRD^/or a fweet favour; h one
young bullock, one ram, and feven lambs
5 fcc:^!1*7.,"' of the firft year; ' they fhall be unto you
without blemifh :
9 k And their meat-offering fhall be of
flour mingled with oil, three tenth-deals
to a bullock, and two tenth-deals to one
ram, 10 A feveral tenth-deal for one lamb,
throughout the feven lambs :
1 1 ' One kid ofthe goatsy&V a fin-offer
ing ; befide the ra fin-offering of atonement,
and the n continual burnt-offering, and
the meat-offering of it, and their drink-
offerings. 12. % And on " the fifteenth day of the
feventh month ye fhall have an holy con
vocation ; ye fhall do no fervile work,
and ye fhall keep a feaft unto the Lord
feven days-:
13 And ye fhall offer a burnt-offering,
a facrifice made by fire of a fweet favour
unto the Lord ; p thirteen young bul
locks, two rams, and fourteen lambs
of the firft year ; they fliall be without
blemifh :
1 4 And their meat-offering fhall be of
flour mingled with oil, three tenth-deals
unto every bullock of the thirteen bul
locks, two tenth-deals to each ram of the
two rams,
15 And a feveral tenth-deal to each
lamb of the fourteen lambs :
1 6 And *> one kid of the goatsyor a fin-

I See ver. e, 6.
ra Lev. 16. 3—34.
Heb. 7. 27. 8c 9.1a
—15, 26, 28. 8c
10. 10, 12, 14, 20.
Dan. 9. 24, id.
-» Ver. 6. ch. z8. 3—
8. Heb. 7. 3, 16. &
13. 15.
• Exod. 23.16. &34<
Z2. Lev. 23. 34 — '
43. Deut. 16. 13,
14. Neh. 8. 14—
18. John 7. 2. & r.
14. Luke 2. 1 — 14.
Acts ii — xix.
Zech. 14. 16—21.

p Ezra 3. 4. with
ver. z, %, 36. ch,
28. 1 1, ly, 27. Heb.
7,27. &9.12— 15,
26, 28. 8c io. jo,
12,14.

4 See ver. j, 6.

offering ; befide the continual burnt-
offering, his meat -offerings and his drink-
offering. if % And on the fecond day ye fhall
offer r twelve young bullocks, two irams, '
fourteen lambs of the firft year without
fpot :
18 And their meat-offering and their
drink-offerings for the bullocks, for the
rams, and for the lambs, fhall be accord
ing to their number, ° after the manner : !
1 9 And one kid of the goats for a fin-
offering ; befide the continual burnt-
offering, and the meat-offering thereof,
and their drink-offerings.
20 ^F And on the third day eleven.
bullocks, two rams, fourteen lambs of
the firft year without blemifh :
21 And their meat-offering and their
drink-offerings for the bullocks, for the
rams, and for the lambs, Jhallbe according
to their number, after the manner :
22 And one goat for a fin-offering;
befide the continual burnt-offering, and
his meat-offering, and his drink-offering.
23 ^F And on the fourth day ten bul
locks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of
the firft year without blemifh :
24 Their meat-offering and their drink-
offerings for the bullocks, for the rams,
and for the lambs, Jhall be according to
their number, after the manner :
25 And one kid ofthe goatsyor a fin-
offering ; befide the continual burnt-
offering, his meat-offering, and his drink-
offering. 26 % And on the fifth day nine bul
locks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of
the firft year without fpot :
27 And their meat-offering and their
drink-offerings for the bullocks, for the
rams, and for the lambs, Jhall be ac
cording to their number, after the man
ner; 28 And one goat for a fin-offering;
befide the continual burnt-offering, and
his meat-offering, and his drink-offering.
29 ^[ And on the fixth day eight bul
locks, two rams, and fourteen lambs of
the firft year without- blemifh :
8

Before Chrift
1452.

Heb. 7. 18,19. &£
13. & 10. 1. with?
Dan. 9. 24, Heb,
jo. 10— 14.

Ch. 15. J*-I2,
Lev. ii. Deut. 12.
8. ver. 3)4,9»K.
14, 15. Perhaps
the gradual de-
creaie of the bul
locks denoted the
gradual abolition
ofthe cere momus,

Before Chrift
1452.

Sacrifices at the feaf
30 And their meat-offering and their
drink-offerings for the bullocks, for the
rams, and for the lambs, Jhall be according
to their number, after the manner :
31 And one goat for a fin-offering;
befide the continual burnt-roffering, his
meat-offering, and his drink-offering.
32 % And on the feventh day feven
bullocks, two rams, and fourteen lambs
of the firft year without blemifh :
22 And their meat-offering and their
drink-offerings for the bullocks, for the
rams, and for the lambs, Jhall be according
to their number, after the manner :
34 And one goat Jor a fin-offering;
befide the continual burnt-offering, his
meat-offering, and his drink-offering.
ttev.23.36. john7. 25 ^f On the c eighth day ye fhall have
I'J,"ii°V'ii' a £)lernri aflembly; ye fhall do no fervile
work therein:
36 But ye fhall offer a burnt-offering,
a facrifice made by fire of a fweet favour
unto the Lord ; one bullock, one ram,
feven lambs of the firft year without
blemifh :

CHAP. XXX.

of tabernacles.

jo. Rev. 11. 15.
Mat. 25. 30—34,
46. Rev. 7. 9—17.
xxi. xxii. II. liv.
lx. Ezek. xi— •
jclviii.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — In thefe numerous and
complex oblations, and their often repeated occafions, I remark the
infufficiency ofthe Jewifh ceremonies. Yet I cannot but behold
and admire the one oblation of the Redeemer himfelf, fo fully fatis-
fying to juftice, expiating fin, procuring peace, and purchafing
life and comfort, for every believer. In virtue and ufefulnefs fo
anfwerable to, but in glory fo infinitely tranfcending, them all. —
But, while I travel through fuch groups of typical feafts and obla
tions, let me, illuminated by gofpel light, ftop to behold in them the
blefled new covenant of grace ; let me view it in its gracious ori
gin, glorious parties, wonderful conftrudtion, important parts, con
dition and promife ; its wife, effectual, and infinitely ufeful admini-
ftration, andits delightful properties ; as all my falvation and all my
defire ! Here let me contemplate Jefus in his favoury and faving
names, his wonderful natures, his glorious perfon as God-man, his
endearing excellencies and qualifications, his faving offices of Me
diator, Saviour, Redeemer, Prophet, Prieft, and King, and his
¦heart-captivating relations to God and men ; let me confider
his infinitely diverfified, but neceffary, ftates of humiliation and
¦exaltation, his delightful labours of love in undertaking for us,
afluming our nature, obeying and fuffering in our ftead, rifing
from the dead, afcending to glory, appearing in the prefence of
God as our advocate, and returning to judge the world, to com
plete and carry to the higheft our eternal falvation ; while I ad
mire all his fulnefs, natural or communicative, as lodged in him for
finful men. Let me behold the ten commandments as a broken
covenant of works fulfilled, magnified, and made honourable for
me, in having the Lawgiver himfelf, its obedient fubject, fulfilling
« once both its precept -and penalty in the higheft degree, and in
the moft difadvantageous circumftances, amidft poverty, reproach,

3 7 Their meat- offering and their drink- B%T.a
offerings for the bullock, for the ram, ~
and for the lambs, Jhall be according to
their number, after the manner :
38 And one goat for a fin-offering;
befide the continual burnt-offering, and
his meat-offering, and his drink-offering.
39 Thefe things ye fliall * do unto the *0"ff"-
Lord in your let feafts, u befides your ulct-.^3.sr&,.
vows, and your free-will-offerings, for d™!:*.'^.""^,"
your burnt-offerings, and for your meat- ll:pLi\Cz°V,
offerings, and for your drink-offerings, *'.-s.iieb.'i,J.pS:
and for your peace-offerings. , .
40 And Mofes x told the children o£ x ?.&.7;?&L*
Ifrael according to all that the Lord IffH'1
commanded Mofes.

CHAP.

XXX.

Here God directs, to the heads of the triber, the laws-
concerning vows, as it became them to inftrucl the
people, and call them to account for breach of vows
or oaths. (1) In general every vow was to be
punctually fulfilled; I, 2. But (2) The vows of
daughters under age are declared not binding, if at
the time of hearing them they are difallowed by their
father ; 3—5 ; andthe vows of wives, if in the fame
manner difallowed by their hufbands; 6 — -16.

diftrefs, perfecution by men, temptation and haraffment by de
vils, and under an infinite load of fins imputed, curfes of God fixed,
and wrath inflicted on him. — Thus all my fins, all the fins of an
elect world, were transferred on the Son of God, fatisfied for by
him, removed from him and from us, in our refpective j unifica
tion, deftroyed in us by fanftification, marvelloufly improved by
Providence for our good, and their fruits fhall be finally and per
fectly abolifhed in our glorification. Thus a great and ever
lafting falvation was effected for finful men,— for me, — devifed in
God's ancient counfel of peace, purchafed with the blood of his
Son, freely offered in the gofpel, powerfully applied by the Holy
Ghoft, and in time and eternity is enjoyed in full right of mar
riage, law, and fonfhip, and in the moft delightful poffeffion.
Thus the fpirituality, felf-exiftence, infinity, eternity, unchange-
ablenefs, independency, fovereignty, wifdom, power, hoiinefs,
juftice, goodnefs, and truth, of the moft High, the great Jehovah,
are vindicated from all reproach, all the injury done to.them by fin is
fully refented, and themfelves glorified to the higheft ; and in con
fequence hereof they all appear fmiling and breathing forth un
bounded love and mercy to finful men, — to finful me. Thus a
redeeming Godhead in all his perfons, perfections, purpofes, works,
fulnefs, and property, is offered to, beftowed on, enjoyed, and to
be for ever enjoyed, by rebellous men, byrebellous me, as my -all
and in all. — Let me then obferve that my whole life, whether I
faft, or whether I feaft, whether I weep, or whether I rejoice,
ought to be a life of faith on the Son of God, who loved me, and
thus gave himfelf for me; and that, while I ftudy to have as many
folemn feafts on his death as I can, I ought never, morning or
evening, to neglect the daily fervice of God in my clofet and my
family.
K k2

Laws of vowing by men and women.

Before Chrifl
1452.

aCh. 1. 4, 16. & 34.
17—28. Deut. 1.
i-:, 14. Exod, ib\
t> If. 8. 20. Deut. 5.
32. Sc11.1z.Sciz,
32. Mat. 28. 20.
k Gen. 28. 20. ch. it,
1. Lev. 27. 1—29.
/er. 4. 2. Eccl. 5.
4,5. Deut. 23.21,
%%. Prov. 20. 25.
Pf. 76. 11. & ug.
306. & 116. 14,18,

Jcmn promife to
' Cod, by which we
' .bind ourfelves to
?io or forbear fuch
and fuch things.
* Heb. profane*

A ND Mofes fpake unto the

NUMBERS.
' heads of

Hufbands' power in wives' vows.

the tribes concerning the children
of Ifrael, faying, b This is the thing which
the Lord hath commanded.
2 Ifa man c vow a vow unto the Lord,
or fwear an oath to bind his foul with a
bond; he fhall not * break his word, he
fhall do according to all that proceedeth
*%'.Vz'.l&;.\4; out of his mouth.
8. Avow is a fo- m r x - t /*
3 ^[ If a woman alio vow a vow unto
the Lord, and bind herfelf by a bond,
being in her father's houfe in her youth ;
4 And her father hear her vow, and
her bond wherewith fhe hath bound her
foul, and her father fliall hold his peace at
her; then all her vows fliall ftand, and
every bond wherewith fhe hath bound
her foul fhall ftand.
djfph!o8iH&56zz; 5 But if d her father difallow her in
d^Yc'voT the day that he heareth ; not any of her
tin tht>. davlip firft * — _ . _ - . -. ^— - .
vows, or of her bonds wherewith the hath
+ bound her foul, fhall ftand : and the
Lord fhall forgive her becaufe her father
difallowed her.
6 ^f And if fhe had at all ah hufband
when + fhe vowed, or uttered ought
out of her lips, wherewith fhe bound
her foul ;
-sj And her hufband heard it, and held
his peace at her in the day that he heard
it: then her vows fliall ftand, and her
bonds wherewith fhe bound her foul fhall
ftand. 8 But if her hufband difallowed her
on the day that he heard it ; then he fhall
make her vow which fhe vowed, and that
which fhe uttered with her lips, where
with fhe bound her foul, of none effedl :
and the Lord fhall forgive her.
7. 1. Le;: 21. 7. 9 % e But every vow of a widow, and
ilffff&nb. 16 of her that is divorced, wherewith they
have bound their fouls,
her.

on thc day he firft
heard it, he was
reckoned a con-
Tenter to it.
fr In vows, or pro-
oiiffory oaths, a
perfon as it were
pledges his foul
tor the perform
ance of Jhe things
vowed or fworn.
$ Heb. her vtws were
upon ber.

Before Chrift
1452.

efcufcet. 37. Rom.

fhall ftand againft

Reflections upon Chap. XXX. — In order to our more per
fectly obeying what the Lord requires of us by his fovereign au
thority, it is often ufeful and neceiTary that we bind ourfelves by
new bonds of felf-engagement ; and the obligation of fuch engage
ments is folemn and awful, and therefore fhould be made with
great deliberation, and care be taken that the fulfilment thereof no
way interfere with any relative duty. Gocj hates robbery for
burnt- offering, and pays the ftri£teft attention to the peace and
7

f Eph. J. 2;. 1 Cor.
11. 1, 8,9. iPeu,
3- s, 6.

10 And if fhe vowed in her hufband's
houfe, or bound her foul by a bond with
an oath ;
1 1 And her hufband heard //, and
held his peace at her, and difallowed her
not : then all her vows fliall ftand, and
every bond wherewith fhe bound her foul
fhall ftand.
12 But if her hufband hath utterly
made them void on the day he heard them ;
then whatfoever proceeded out of her lips
concerning her vows, or concerning the
bond of her foul, fliall not ftand : her
hufband hath made them void, and the
Lord fhall forgive her.
13 Every vow, and every binding oath
to afflict the foul, f her hufband may
eftablifh it, or her hufband may make it
void. 1 4 But if her hufband .altogether hold
his peace at her from day to day, then
he eftablifheth all her vows, or all her
bonds, which are upon her ; he con-
firmeth them, becaufe he held his peace
at her in the day that he heard them.
1 5 But if he fliall any ways make them
void after that he hath heard them, then.
he fhall s bear her iniquity. , «v«.^s,it.i«
16 Thefe are the ftatutes which the
Lord commanded Mofes between a man
and his wife, between the father and his
daughter, being yet in her youth hi her
father's houfe.
CHAP. XXXI.
Contains the hiftory of the Ifraelites' facred war with
the Midianites. ( I ) At God's command a thoufand
men of war out of each tribe are muflered, and march
under the command of Phinehas the zealous prieft i
1 — 6. (2) By God's affiftance they eafily cut off
moft of the Midianites ; but fpare the women ; for
which M"fes chides them on their return ; and ap
points all the women, except virgins, to be put to
death; 7 — 18. (3) According to God's diretlions
the warriors purify themfelves before their return
into the camp; 19 — 24. (4) By his order the

5.1.4:20.17—20.Gen. 4. 11.

order of families. Let therefore all my vows be well confidered,
and important. Let them proceed from a ferious confultiiig with
Jefus Chrift, as my father-and hufband, in folemn prayer and care
ful fearching of his word. In all my religious concerns let me pay
the ftridleft regard to relative duties ; and, having opened my
mouth unto the Lord, never dare to go. back again from my
vows.

The Midianites' feduclion avenged.

CHAP. XXXI.

Midianitifh women partly fain.

Before Chiilt
H52.

-. Ch. 25. 1—3, 17,
18. Rom. 1;. 4.
Deut. 3Z. 35. Gen.
25. 1, z. Judg. vi
—viii.
- fc Dent. 1. 37. & |.
26, 17. 8c 31. z. 8c
. 34-4.S-ch-z7.13.
Gen. 15. is- & 25.
8.Phi!.i.2l.He6. 22. 22 — 24. Luke
2. 29.

jjr«# _$>«/ f^y' £#<<? taken is divided; half to the
warriors, half to their brethren of the congregation ;
and a part of each fhare to the Lord; 25 — 47-
[5) The officers in this expedition, finding that not
one of their troops had been loft, devote a part of
their fhare of the fpoil for a thank-offering to the
Lord; 48 — 54.
AND the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 a Avenge the children of Ifrael of the
Midianites : afterward flialt thou b be
gathered unto thy people.
3 And Mofes fpake unto the people,
faying, Arm fome of yourfelves unto the
war, and let them go againft the Mi-
and c avenge the Lord of

Before Chrifl
1452.

mGcn. T4.17. zChr.
28. 12. ver. 10.

avenge

C?;;!?;£M-Ch,dianites, Midian. 4 * Of every tribe a d thoufand, through

* Heb. atheufand ef
a tribe, a thoufand
of a tribe.
d Judg. 7. z. 1 Sam.
14. 6. Lev. 26. 3.

e Ch. 25. 7— IJ.
I Sam. 4. 17. ch.
10. 8, 9. with 14.
44. Deut. 20.2^-4,
2 Chr. 13. 12— 15

f Deut. 20. 13. Judg.
zi. 11. 1 Sam. 27.
9. 1 Kin. TT.15,16.
Judg. 6. 1—3.
J Jofh.13.21,22. ch.
22. 4. & 25. 15,17.

*Ch. 14. 15. Jofh.
13. 22. 1 Tim. 6.
"9, 10. Pf. 9. 16.
If he had gone
away, he fpeedily
-returned.
iVer. 15— 17. 2Chr.
28. 5, 8. Dent.. 10.
14-

k Jofh. 6..Z4. 8c m.
II. 1 Sam, 30. 1.
J Km. 9. 16. If. 1,
7. 2 Kin. 25.9. Jer.
•Si- 5«- Rev. 18. 8,

I Ver. z6. 32.

out all the tribes of Ifrael, fhall ye fend
to the war.
5 So there were delivered out of the
thoufands of Ifrael a thoufand of every
tribe, twelve thoufand armed for war.
6 And Mofes fent them to the war, a
thoufand of every tribe, them and e Phi-
': nehas the fon of Eleazar the prieft, to the
war, with the holy inftruments, and the
trumpets to blow in his hand.
7 And they warred againft the Midian
ites, as the Lord commanded Mofes ;
and f they flew all the males.
8 And they flew s the kings of Midian,
befide the reft of them that were flain ;
namely, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, and
Hur, and Reba ; five -kings of Midian :
h Balaam alfo the fon of Beor they flew
with the fword.
9 And the children of Ifrael took all
the l women of Midian captives, and their
little ones, and took the fpoil of all their
cattle, and al) their flocks, and all their
goods. 10 And they k burnt all their cities
wherein they dwelt, and all their goodly
caftles, with fire.
'1 1 And they took all 1 the fpoil, and
all the prey, both of men and of beafts.
1 2 And they brought the captives, and
the prey, and the fpoil, unto Mofes and
Eleazar the prieft, and unto the congre
gation of the

camp at the plains of Moab, which are
by Jordan near Jericho.
13 f And Mofes, and Eleazar the
prieft, and all the princes of the congre
gation, m went forth to meet them with
out the camp.
14 And Mofes was n wroth with the n ^'lIvS.
officers of the hoft, with the captains over
thoufands, and captains over hundreds,
which came from the + battle. tan.. w»*-<
o Dent. 20. 16— iff.

I Sam. 13. 3.

15 And Mofes faid unto them, °Have
ye faved all the women alive ?
16 Behold, p thefe caufed the children pff ££*%'¦
of Ifrael, through the counfel of Balaam, ^hU-l't\i\f.

againft the Lord in
and there was a
of the

congregation

7

among

1 1 Judg. 2T. II. Ifcb.
male xj.* Lev. 20.10.

^Heb. a matt.

children of Ifrael, unto the

to commit trefpafs «¦ -.
the matter of Peor,
plague among the
Lord. Now therefore * kill every
the little ones, and kill every
woman that hath known man by lying
*. with him.
18 But II all the women children, that "s^-uZ^"ei
have not known a man by lying with
him, keep alive for yourfelves.
1 9 And r do ye abide without the camp r -]£&?$;"
feven days : whofoever hath killed any '*'
perfon, and whofoever hath touched any
flain, purify both yourfelves and your
captives on the third day, and on the
feventh day.
20 And 5 purify all your raiment, and s ^."i"^: '.^°^
all § that is made of fkins, and all work «U. Luke u.'3,
of goats' hair, and all things made of $ Heb.. •«/?«,».»(**
^ 1 ^ veffels of skins*
wood. 2 1 ^F And Eleazar the prieft faid unto
the men of war who went to the battle,
This is the ordinance of the law which;
the Lord commanded Mofes ;
22 f Only the gold, and the filver,
the brafs, the iron, the tin, and the lead*.
23 Every thing that may abide the fire,
ye fhall make // go through the fire, and
it fliall be clean : neverthelefs,. it fhall u be uch.i9.9,io.&8.7
purified with the water of feparation :
and all that abideth not the fire ye fhall
make go through the water...
24 x And ye. fhall. wafh your clothes
on the feventh day, and, ye fhall be clean,
and afterward ye fhall come into the camp.

t Lev. 6.28. Mat. 3.
II, iz. & 9. 16,17.
I Cor. 3. 13.
I Tim. 4. 4. If. 43.
1,1. Mii. 3.2,3.

x Lev. 11. 2S. Sc 14.
9. 8c 15. 13. ch.19,
19.

Divijion ofthe Midianitijh fpoil.

NUMBERS.

Parties' fhare s of the fpoil.

Before Chrift
1451.

• Keb. of the capti-

y Jofh. 22. 8. 1 Sam.
30. 24, 25.

* 2 Sam. %. 11, u.
1 Chr. if,. 27. If.
18. 7. Prov. 3. 9,
10. Mat. 21. 21.
Rom. 13. 7.

at Ch. iR. tg— 32. &
15. 19 — 21. Lev. 7.
14. Exod. 29. 27.
Deut. 12. 11, 19.
Rom.11.36. I Cor.
Io.31.1Pet.4-i1.
Eph. 3. 21. Luke
i. 14.

f Or geat 1.

bCh.S 1?, 11, 26. &
18.1—6,23. &iii.
iv. John 17. 12. &
xo. 28,29. A''s 2°-
*8. 1 Cor. 12. 28.
Eph. 4. 11 — 13.
iCol. 4.-17. 2 Tim.
4. 1, 2. Heb. tg. 7,
^7*

Thus the Lord fur
nifhed rhe JiriiCl-
ites with cattle
and bond-maids.

25 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 26 Take the fum of the prey * that was
taken, both of man and of beaft, thou,
and Eleazar the prieft, and the chief
fathers of the congregation :
27 And divide the prey into 7 two parts ;
between them that took the war upon
them, who went out to battle, and
between all the congregation :
28 And levy a z tribute unto the Lord
of the men of war who went out to
battle : one foul of five hundred, both of
the perfons, and of the beeves, and of the
afles, and of the fheep :
29 Take it of their half, and give //
unto Eleazar the prieft, for a an heave-
offering of the Lord.
30 And of the children of Ifrael's half
thou fhalt take one portion of fifty, of
the perfons, of the beeves, of the affes,
and of the t flocks, of all manner of beafts,
and give them unto the Levites, who
b keep the charge of the tabernacle of the
Lord. 31 And Mofes and Eleazar the prieft
did as the Lord commanded Mofes.
32 And the booty, being the reft of the
prey which the men of war had caught,
was fix hundred thoufand and feventy
thoufand and five thoufand fheep.
22 And threefcore and twelve thoufand
beeves, 24 And threefcore and one thoufand
afles, 35 And thirty and two thoufand perfons
in all, of women that had not known
man by lying with him.
36 And the half, which was the por
tion of them that went out to war, was
in number three hundred thoufand and
feven and thirty thoufand and five hun
dred fheep :
2f And the Lord"s tribute of the
fheep was fix hundred and threefcore and
fifteen. 38 And the beeves were thirty and fix
thoufand; of which the Lord's tribute
was threefcore and twelve.
39 And the afles were thirty thoufand

and five hundred ; of which the Lord's
tribute was threefcore and one.
40 And the perfons were fixteen thou
fand ; of which the Lord's tribute was
thirty and two perfons.
41 And Mofes gave the tribute, which

Before Chrift
1452.

was the Lord's heave- offering, c unto c ^¦^•,fh;!,8;»; Mat. 10. 10. I Cor.
9. 10—14. Gal. fj.
6. I Tim. 5. 1;.

Eleazar the prieft, as the Lord com
manded Mofes.
42 And of the children of Ifrael's half,
which Mofes divided from the men that
warred, 43 (Now the half that' pertained unta
the congregation was three hundred thou
fand, and thirty thoufand and feven thou
fand and five hundred fheep,
44 And thirty and fix thoufand beeves,
45 And thirty thoufand afles and five
hundred, 46 And fixteen thoufand perfons ;)
47 Even of the children of Ifrael's
half Mofes took one portion of fifty,
both of man and of beaft, and gave them
d unto the Levites, who kept the charge
of the tabernacle of the Lord ; as the
Lord commanded Mofes.
48 % And the officers who were over
thoufands of the hoft, the captains of
thoufands, and captains of hundreds, came
near unto Mofes :
49 And they faid unto Mofes, Thy
fervants have taken the fum of the men
of war who are under our * charge, and
there e lacketh not one man of us.
50 We have therefore brought an
f oblation for the Lord, what every man
hath t gotten, of jewels of gold, chains,
and bracelets, rings, earrings, and tablets,
to make s an atonement for our fouls
before the Lord.
5 1 And Mofes and Eleazar the prieft
took the gold of them, even all wrought
jewels. 52 And all the gold of the h offering
that they offered up to the Lord, of the
captains of thoufands, and of the captains
of hundreds, was fixteen thoufand feven
hundred and fifty fhekels.
52 * (For the men of war had taken
fpoil, every man for himfelf.)

a ch. 18. 21—24.
Deut. 12. 17— ia.
J Thef. 5. 12,13.
Luke 10. 1—8.
I Cor. 9. 7 — 14.
Cal.6.6. iTim. j.
17-

» Heb. hand.
e Pf. 72. 14. Ic 116.
i$. John 18. 9. ic
17. 12.

f Pf. 116. 16-18. S:
50. 14. & 66. 13,
14. &.-IC7. 1,8,15.
zz. exxxvi. cxiv—
cl.
f Heb. found.
% Exod. 30. 1 i.

h Heb. hettve-tffirint,
ver. 50, '

i Dtut. M. 14.

Reubenites and Gadites requefl their

CJIAP. XXXII.

inheritance eaflward of Jordan.

Before'Chrift 1452.

54 And Mofes and Eleazar the prieft
took the gold of the captains of thoufands
and of hundreds, and brought it into the
tabernacle of the congregation, for a
¦•)Tf TA* * memorial for the children of Ifrael be-
Lev. 2. 2. & 9. 16. - T
teieet?,: fore the Lord.
14. Afls 10. 4. Pf.
,,5..&>8.zo- CHAP. XXXII.
Here { 1 ) The tribes of Reuben and Gad humbly fiup-
plicate a fiettlement for themfelves on the eaft of Jor
dan, where the Ifraelites were encamped; 1 — 5.
(2) Mofes, fufpecJing that they intended to remain at
home, and give themfelves no further trouble in the
conqueft of Canaan, remonftrates againft their re-
queft, as extremely unbrotherly and dangerous;
6 — 15. (3) They explain and ftate their propo-
fals, to the full fatisfaclion of Mofes and their bre
thren ; and engage that all their vjarriors fhall at
tend and affift their brethren till the whole promifed
land be conquered; 16 — 32. (4) Upon this exprefs
condition, they and the half tribe of Manaffeh have
the kingdoms of Sihon and Og parted among them,
and repair the cities thereof; 33 — 42.
NOW the a children of Reuben and
the children of Gad had a very
great multitude of cattle : and when they
faw the land of b Jazer, and the land of
Gilead, that, behold, c the place was a
place for cattle ;
2 The children of Gad and the chil
dren of Reuben came and fpake unto
Mofes, and to Eleazar the prieft, and unto
the princes of the congregation, faying,
3 d Ataroth, and Dibon, and Jazer,
and e Nimrah, and Hefhbon, and Ele-
aleh, and f Shebam, and Nebo, and
s Beon, 4 b Even the country which the Lord
fmote before the congregation of Ifrael, is
a land for cattle, and thy fervants have
cattle :
5 Wherefore, faid they, if we have
1 found grace in thy fight, let this land be

a Gen. 29. 32. &30.
u. & 46. g, 16.
ch. 26. s—7i sc—
18.

'la Ch. 21. 32. Jolh.
13. 25. 2 Sam. 24.
-5-
cMic. 7. 14. Jer. 50.
19. Gen. 13. 10.
Deut. 32.14.

dVer. 33— 42. Deut.
3.12 — 17. Jofh. 13.
9— 23.If.15.2- 6.
Jer. 48. 19—24.
e Beth-nimrah, ver. 36.
f Shibmah, ver. 38.
fsBaal-meon, ver. 38.
h Ch. 21. 24—34.

iGen.6.8. &ig. 19.
8c 32.5, &33. 10.
&39.4. &47.29,
&jo. 4. Exod. 33.
J2, 13, 17, &c.

given unto thy fervants for a pofleffion,
and k bring us not over Jordan.
6 % And Mofes faid unto the children
of Gad and to the children of Reuben,
Shall your brethren go to war, and fhall
1 ye fit here ?
7 And wherefore H m difcourage ye the
heart ofthe children of Ifrael from going
over into the land which the Lord hath
given them ?
8 Thus did your fathers, when I fent
them from Kadefh-barnea to fee the land.
9 For n when they went up unto the
valley of Efhcol, and faw the land, they
difcouraged the heart of the children of
Ifrael, that they fhould not go into the
land which the Lord had given them.
10 Andthe "Lord's anger was kindled
the fame time, and he fware, faying,
1 1 Surely none of the men that came
up out of Egypt, p from twenty years old
and upward, fhall fee the land which I
fware unto Abraham, unto Ifaac, and
unto Jacob ; becaufe they have not
§ wholly followed me ;
1 2 Save q Caleb the fon of Jephunneh
the Kenezite, and Jofhua the fon of
Nun ; for they have wholly followed the
Lord. 13 And the Lord's anger was kindled
againft Ifrael, and he made them r wander
in the wildernefs forty years, until all the
generation that had done evil in the fight
of the Lord was confumed.
14 And, behold, ye are rifen up in your
fathers' ftead, an s increafe of finful men,
to augment yet the fierce anger of the
Lord toward IfraeJ.
15 For, if ye 'turn away from after
him, he will yet again leave them in the

Before Chrift
'452-
k With Deut. 1. 3-
& j.ij, 26.

lPhil.24,21. i John
3. 16. Gal. 6. 2.
II Heb. break.
mDeut. 1.28. &29.
8. Aits zi. 13.

n Ch. 13. 3, 23—33,
Deut. 1. 22 — zd.

0 Ch. 14. 10, II, zt
—35. Deut. I. 34
— 40. Heb. 3. 8— .
19- Pf. 95- Ji.
Ezek. zo. 15.

p Ch. 14. z8, Z9. &
26. 6s-Deut.i. 3S>
8c z. 14, 15.

v Heb. fulfilled after
me.
q Ch. 14, 24, 30. 8z
sis. 65. Deut. 1. 36.

r Ch. 14. 33. & iS,
64. Deut. 2. 14-, 15.
Ezek. z->. 15. Pf.
78.33. & 90. 8,9.
Heb. 3.-T7— 19.

slf.i. 4.Mat.Z3. 33.

t Lev. 26. 14— 18.
Deut; 28. 15, &•«,
Gal. 3. 10.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXI.— Short-lived is fuccefs in
finning, and at laft moft dearly bought. Enticers to fin there
fore ought to be held as our worft enemies, and treated accord
ingly: efpecially fince God takes the greateft delight in comfort
ing and honouring thofe who have been fingularly zealous for his
caufe. And it is eafy for him to accomplifh great exploits, whe
ther by many or by few. Our humane tendernefs, carried to an
excefs, often fpares our moft dangerous enemies and the moft
guilty criminals. But every thing, even in war, ought to be con-
dueled with a facred regard to religion, ftridT: equity, and brotherly
kindnefs; and the whole fuccefs thankfully afcribed to God. And
after every a&ion. we have need to purify ourfelves in Jefus' blood ;

as, even in the beft, there is enough of fin to damn us, if God deal
not with us according to his great mercy, and his Son's infinite
atonement. Let then every enticement of my indwelling cor
ruptions provoke my refentment againft them, and animate me to
put on the whole armour of God ; that, directed by Jefus, my
Captain of falvation, I may exert myfelf for their utter deftruc
tion. And, fince the Lord and I have one common caufe, let me,
however weak, hope for certain viclory. Let me never fpare an
enticing luft. And let him have the honour; and let the church
and my own foul have the advantage of whatever fpoil the Lord
fhall bring to my hand.

'their requefl granted upon promije

NUMBERS.

of affifling their bretherm, Sec.

Before Chrift
1452.

wildernefs-; and ye fliall deftroy all this
~ people. 16 ^f And they came near unto him,
UGen.^-,7.ver. atlfj faj[(jj v yye wiH build flieepfolds here
for our cattle, and cities for our little
ones :
x jom. 4. j2, .,. & 17 But x we ourfelves will pr> readv
22. 3, 4, Deut. 3. ' - . ^^O J
»»<». armed before the children of Ifrael, until
we have brought them unto their place :
and our little ones fhall dwell in the
fenced cities, becaufe of the inhabitants
of the land.
1 8 We will not return unto our houfes
until the children of Ifrael have inherited
every man his inheritance :
y r^L'KiS'io: 1 9 For we y will not inherit with them
32,33.2 r.s.zj. Qn yon(jer ^je jorcian> or forward; be
caufe our inheritance is fallen to us on
this fide Jordan eaftward.
%^CdXfftt 20 % And z Mofes faid unto them, If
cm. 3. 18--20. ye wjfl(j0 f-^-g thing, if ye will go armed
before the Lord to war,
2 1 And will go all of you armed over
Jordan before the Lord, until" he hath
driven out his enemies from before him,
22 And the land be fubdued before
the Lord : then afterward ye fhall return,
°\l?Del?is7™' and beaguiltlefs before the Lord, and
before Ifrael ; and this land fhall be your
pofleffion before the Lord.
h Deu't.^s.'is^ii. 23 But b if ye will not do fo, behold,
f.Z9!cir.834'..Ropf: ye have finned againft the Lord: and be
^V^w-'l fure your fin will find you out.
& ,9.' & S-Z5' & 24 Build ye cities for your little ones,
and folds for your fheep ; and do that
which hath proceeded out of your mouth.
25 And the children of Gad and the
children of Reuben fpake unto Mofes,
faying, Thy fervants will do as my lord
commandeth. 26 Our little ones, our wives, our
tver.*7,zo,,2i,3*. flocks, and all our cattle, fhall be there
^.Ico -,*"' in the cities of Gilead :
' ?85iTim.4'.7?I 27- c But thy fervants will pafs over,
"rftheir fcHtaf1' every man armed for war, before the
jbiSSS Lord to battle, as my lord faith.
brethren; butthey 00 * .1 ij ,-
were much expo. 2o bo concerning them Moles com-
c\heion"n1'wnefe' manded Eleazar the prieft, and Jofhua the
^iK' fon of Nun, and the chief fathers ofthe
Swn.'io"*, 33- tribes of the children of Ifrael :
lChr« 5* JS*

, 29 And Mofes faid unto them, If the **££"*
children of Gad and the children of ' "
Reuben will pafs with you over Jordan,
every man armed to battle, before the
Lord, and the land fhall be fubdued v
before you ; then ye fhall give them the
land of Gilead for a pofleffion :
30 But, if they will not pafs over with
you armed, they fhall have pofieflions
among you in the land of Canaan.
3 1 And the children of Gad and the
children of Reuben anfwered, faying, As
the Lord hath faid unto thy fervants, fo
will we do.
32 We will pafs over armed" before the
Lord into the land of Canaan, that the . ,
pofleffion of our inheritance on this fide
Jordan may be our's.
33 And d Mofes gave unto them, even d^.\\:'^-u
to the children of Gad, and to the children "'4'
of Reuben, and unto half the tribe of
Manafleh the fon of Jofeph, ethe kingdom «cu. «.**-«.
of Sihon king of the Amorites, and the
kingdqm of Og king of Bafhan, the
land, with the cities thereof in the coafts,
even the cities of the country round
about. 24% And the children of Gad * built *Sgjrolamlftr'
fDibon, and Ataroth, and s Aroer, t a.. »,. J0. & 5S.
25 And Atroth, Shophan, and h Jaazer, £l*\.^v.,n.u
and Jogbehah, hver.i,3.ir.i6.9.
3 6 And ' Beth-nimrah , and Beth-haran, ' Vcr- *¦ ir- «s- &
fenced cities ; and folds for fheep.
2"] And the children of Reuben built
k Hefhbon, and Elealeh, and Kirjathaim, kch.«.*7.ir. ,*.,,.
38 And Nebo, and Baalmeon, l (their '^-^^pr.
names being changed,) and Shibmah :
and + gave other names unto the cities +*%*&'££,%
which they builded. '*""""
29 And the children of m Machir the fon mG=« w-v- £*•
*^^ 29. &27. 1. &30.
of Manafleh went to Gilead, and took it, j^V.&g.
and difpoflelTed the Amorite which was 5' I4' ver' *°'
in it.
40 And Mofes eave n Gilead unto ¦>»*>«• of it, pent.
« , O 3. 12, 13. Jolh. ij.
Machir the fon of Manafleh; and he ^-iU
dwelt therein.
41 ° And Jair the fon of Manafleh went °^l;VU.t
and took the fmall towns thereof, and »; jRin^'i"'
called them Havoth-jair.
42 And Nobah went and took Kenath,

Before Chrift
'452-

fourneys ofthe Ifraelites
.and the villages thereof, and called it
Nobah, after his own name.
CHAP. XXXIII.
Contains a record of the different encampments of the
Ifraelites, from their departure out of Egypt till they
entered Canaan, forty -two hi all; with fome remark
able events, which happened at feveral of thefe fta-
tions; I — 49. (2) Aftricl charge to drive out the
inhabitants, and deftroy the idols, of- Canaan, into
which they ivere quickly to enter, otherwife they them
felves would be ruined ; 50 — 56.
THESE are the a journeys of the chil
dren of Ifrael, who went forth
out of the land of Egypt with their
b armies under the • hand of Mofes and
Aaron. 2 And Mofes wrote their goings out
according to their c journeys by the com
mandment of the Lord : and thefe are
their journeys according to their goings
out. 3 And they d departed from-Ramefesin
the firft month, on the fifteenth day of
the firft month ; on the morrow after the
paflbver the children of Ifrael went out
e with an high hand in the fight of all
the Egyptians.
4 For f the Egyptians buried all their
firft-born, which the Lord had fmitten
among them : g upon their gods alfo the
Lord executed judgments.
5 And the children of Ifrael removed
from Ramefes, and pitched in Succoth.
6 And they h departed from Succoth,
and pitched in Etham, which is in the
edge of the wildernefs.
7 And they ' removed from Etham, and
turned again unto Pi-hahiroth, which is
before Baal-zephon : and they pitched
before Migdol.
8 And they k departed from before Pi-
hahiroth, and pafled through the midft of
the fea into the wildernefs, and went three

CHAP. XXXIII.

from Egypt to Canaan.

uDeut. 12-9.ch.14.
33. Atls 14. 22.
Song 3. 6. & 8. 5.

h Exod. 12. ,37, 38. '
SI. & 13. 18. Pf.
77. 20.

c Ch. 9. 17— 23.

d Gen. 47. 11. Exod.
1.11.&12. 31, 37,

38.

e If. 52, 11. Mic. 2.
13. Pf. IOS. 3«-

f Exod. 12. 12,23, 29
—34-

gExod. 12. 12. & 18.
n. If. 19. j. Rev.
12.8.

h Exod. 13. 20.

1 Exod. 14. 2, 9..

k Exod. 14. 21, 22,
29. & 15. 22—26.

Before Chrift
1452.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXII.— The love of the world,
and the pride of life, frequently haflen men in their earthly fettle-
ments. Though fuch, even in this world, often iffue in early and
frequent difafters : and it is a fearful fymptom when the rifing ge
neration tread in their father's finful fteps, and grow worfe and worfe.
How bafe is it to defire our own reft and eafe, when God's people
are in hardfhips, and need our affiftance ! But how wife to improve
paft experiences as means of preventing future iniquities. Yea, it is
-prudent to remoye every monument of idolatry, left it fhould entice
Vol. I.

days' journey in the wildernefs of Etham,
and pitched in Marah.
9 And they l removed from Marah, and 1.Exod- '*• "•
came unto Elim : and in Elim were twelve
fountains of water, and threefcore and ten
palm-trees ; and they pitched there.
1 o And they removed from Elim, and
encamped by the Red fea.
1 1 And they ra removed from the Red »*»*¦•«¦«--
fea, and encamped in the wildernefs of
Sin. 1 2 And they took their journey out of
the wildernefs of Sin, and encamped in
Dophkah. 1 3 And they departed from Dophkah,
and encamped in Alufh.
1 4 And they removed from Alufh, and
encamped at n Rephidim, where was no
water for the people to drink.
1 5 And they departed from Rephidim,
and pitched in the ° wildernefs of Sinai.
1 6 And they p removed from the defert
of Sinai, and pitched at * Kibroth-hat
taavah. r 7 And they departed from Kibroth-
hattaavah, and q encamped at Hazeroth.
1 8 And they departed from Hazeroth,
and r pitched in Rithmah.
19 And they departed from Rithmah,
and pitched at Rimmon-parez.
20 And they departed from Rimmon-
parez, and pitched in Libnah.
21 And they removed from Libnah,
and pitched at Riflah.
22 And they journeyed from Riflah,
and pitched in Kehelathah.
23 And they went from Kehelathah,
and pitched in mount Shapher.
24 And they removed from mount
Shapher, and encamped in Haradah.
15 And they removed from Haradah,
and pitched in Makheloth.

n Exod. 17, I— 16.
& 19. 1.

o Exod. xix — xl*
Lev. i — xxvii.
ch. i — x.
p Ch. 11. 4—34.
*Th:rt h, the graves
.fluff.

q Ch. 11. 35. &xii.

r Ch. xiii. xiv.

us to offend. An holy indignation againft fin, in whatever form.
it appears, is commendable and ufeful. But, fince the beft of men
often uncharitably miftake their neighbours' words or defigns, and
judge before they hear, it is therefore proper that every body be
allowed to explain himfelf; that every article of our agreements
be precifely ftated, and fully underftood, at the making of them,
that there may be no difputing afterward ; and that the ftri&eft
equity and the tendereft affection may be maintained among the
people of God, who are all brethren in Chrift Jefus.
Ll

Ifraelites' journeys.

NUMBERS.

Canaan to be purged and divided.

Before, Chrift
-45*-

26 And they removed from Makhelofh,
~~ and encamped at Tahath.
27 And they departed from Tahath,
and pitched at Tarah.
28 And they removed from Tarah, and
pitched in Mithcah.
29 And they went from Mithcah, and
pitched at Hafhmonah.
30 And they departed from Hafhmo
nah, and encamped at Moferoth.
31 And they departed from Moferoth,
ED36U27,0,chr'.?.C42: and s pitched in Bene-jaakan.
32 And they removed from Bene-
* DeSlalf' jaakan, and encamped at ' Hor-hagid-
gad. 22 And they went from Hor-hagidgad,
and pitched in Jotbatha.
34 And they removed from Jotbatha,
and encamped at Ebronah. »
25 And they departed from Ebronah,
U«.V&9-'^' and encamped at u Ezion-gaber.
36 And they removed from Ezion-
*c£™:llt%1'H' gaber, and pitched in the *¦ wildernefs of
Zin, which is Kadefh.
yci1.20.M-2j.* 27 And they y removed from Kadefh,
and pitched in mount Hor, in the edge
of the land of Edom.
38 And1 Aaron the prieft went up into
mount Hor, at the commandment ofthe
Lord, and died there, in the fortieth year
after the children of Ifrael were come out
of the land of Egypt, in the firft day of
the fifth month.
39 And Aaron was an hundred and
twenty and three years old when he died
in mount Hor.
40 And a king Arad the Canaanite, who
dwelt in the fouth of the land of Canaan,
heard of the coming of the children of
Ifrael. 41 And they b departed from mount
Hor, and pitched in Zalmonah.
42 And they departed from Zalmonah,
and pitched in Punon.
43 And they c departed from Punon,
and pitched in Oboth.
44 And they departed from Oboth, and

•7: Ch. 20. 23—29.
Dcur. 32. 50. *
10. 6.

aCh.21.1— 3. Judg,
j. 16, 17.

it Ch. 21. 4.

c Ch. 21. ic— io.

Before Chrift
1452.

pitched in + Ije-abarim, in the border of
Moab. XOshtati'fJ&aiim.
45 And they departed from Iim, and
pitched in Dibon-gad.
46 And they removed fromd Dibon-gad, d -f.f <!4' Uik-
and encamped in Almon-diblathaim.
47 And they removed from Almon-
diblathaim, and pitched in the mountains
of Abarim, before Nebo.
48 And they departed from the moun
tains of Abarim, and pitched e in the ""y.^.1-***-*
plains of Moab, by Jordan near Jericho.
49 And they pitched by Jordan, from
Beth-jefimoth even unto f Abel-fliittim, {X'zfl^i.
in the plains of Moab. • 2' ''
50 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
in the plains of Moab, by Jordan near
Jericho, faying,
51 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, * When ye are pafled *£"¦ 7' J' J<"h'"'
over Jordan into the land of Canaan,
52 Then ye fhall h drive out all the ^tV^A'-
inhabitants of the land from before you, is^&'iXjJ,*
and deftroy all their pictures, and deftroy £sm-j<«^*3-V
all their molten images, and quite pluck
down all their high places :
52 And ye fhall difpoflefs the inhabit*
ants of the land, and dwell therein : for
I have given you the land to poffefs it.
54 And ' ye fhall divide the land by s j^vi-xTx?"
lot for an inheritance among your fami
lies: Wto *the more ye fhall § give the *"t,wf'-'te
more inheritance, and to the fewer ye fhall
* give the lefs inheritance: every man's *ltr,fil!,1fiih
inheritance fliall be in the place where his
lot falleth ; according to the tribes of your
fathers ye fliall inherit.
55 But, if ye will not drive out the
inhabitants of the land from before you,
then it fhall come to pafs, that thofe
whom ye let remain of them Jhall be
k pricks in your eyes, and thorns in your ki^.z.'z\V^-
fides, and fhall vex you in the land wherein y^fy^-
ye dwell.
56 Moreover, it fhall come to pafs
that ' I fhall do unto you as I thought to ?"«. zs^-f,
J O & 29. 19— 28. &
do unto them.

.. 29. 19 — 28.'
32. 14— 27. 2Kin.
xvii. xxv.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIII. — It is ufeful to remem
ber and record God's providences, for the after-direclion or com
fort of ourfelves and others in future trials and temptations; for this

world is but a wafte-howling wildernefs, and the condition of
churches and faints therein always changing' and unfettled. — But
the believing recollection of God's difpenfations will enable us
7

Borders of weflern Canaan fixed.

CHAP. XXXIV.

Dividers of Canaan nominated.

Beforo Chrift
1452.

C H A P. XXXIV.
Here we have ( 1 ) The boundaries of Canaan, on the
weft of Jordan, pointed out, that they might know
how far they fhould carry their conquefts, and what
was^ given them to divide. It was about one hun
dred and fixty miles long and fifty broad; I — 15.
(a) Twelve commififioners appointed to divide it,
when it fhould be conquered, to the nine tribes and
half, who yet wanted their portions ; 1 6- — 29.
N D the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying,
2 Command the children of Ifrael, and
«ch.iS.j. fay unto them ; a When ye come into the
¦> fff- ;y- Ifff* land of Canaan, (this is the land that
"fej8;** fhall fall unto you for an inheritance,
li^Xv^i-st even the land of Canaan with the coafts
5, 6. Jer. j. 19- - .
,%%*' Eph' thereof;)
CCI1.20.1.&27.14. 2 Then c your fouth quarter fhall be
& 33. 36. Jolh. 15. -» . .•> r r n- 1 1 i
izSr^V' 3' from the wildernefs of Zin along by the
Exod. ,*¦.,. ben. coaft of Edom? and your fouth border
i o=n. ,4. 3- & '9- fhall be the outmoft coaft of the A fait fea
24, 28. Jofh. 3. 16.
!&«££& eaftward :
4 And your border fliall turn from the
e joih. 15. 3. jud5. fouth to the afcent of e Akrabbim, and
1. 36. ch. 20. 1. 8c . - '
vc'Jt' & "' 36' P^fs on to Zin : and the going forth thereof
fseech.^13.26. & fhall be from the fouth to f Kadefli -
uofii.15.3. barnea, and fliall go on to s Hazar-addar,
and pafs on to Azmon :
5 And the border fliall fetch a compafs
h see Gen. i5. is. from Azmon unto the h river of Egypt,
jifh. 15. 4, 47. • % t . o^ r *
iKin. 8. 6S. ir. anci the goings out of it fhall be at ' the fea.
6 And k as for the weftern border, ye

27. 12.

f Not mount Hor in
tlic land
<¦ but one in or
about Lebanon.

I Mediterranean* or
6>'- fhall even have the great fea. for a border:
kESk!'47.w1.5'11' this fhall be your weft border.
,J4*'.is-'i76.EmIc' 7 And this fhall be your l north bor
der : from the great fea ye fhall point out
oVS, for you + mount Hor :
8 From mount Hor ye fhall point out
m^ifffi% your border unto m the entrance of Ha-
6.?2.fcek%7.nio! math ; and the sroings forth of the border
'7> zo. ¦ ¦ ' to a
fhall be to Zedad :
9 And the border fliall go on to Zi-
phron, and the goings out of it fliall be
> Ezek.47. ,7. per. at ¦¦ Hazar-enan : this fliall be your north
naps En-hazdr, J
jorn. 19. i7. border. 1 o And ye fhall point out your * eaft
border from Hazar-enan to Shepham.

1 1 And the coaft fhall go down from Blf?^.'"
Shepham to J? Riblah, on the eaft fide of p^f^j;;.*
Ain ; and the border fliall defcend, and V&w-
fhall reach unto the * fide of the q lea of tiieb. >*«.««¦.
Chinnereth eaftward : 4 Tt 1 79' ^
12 And the border fhall go down to f t '''' 34' J0""
r Jordan, and the goings out of it fhall r ??;^n-. £'£
be at s the fait fea : this fliall be your land lff 5- 9^ ^
with the coafts thereof round about. s ££'i£:~X ^
13 And Mofes commanded the chil- ^^'-i?
dren of Ifrael, faying, This is the land
which ye fhall inherit by lot, which the
Lord commanded to give unto the nine
tribes and to the half tribe :
14 'For the tribe of the children of ' J: £££t
Reuben according to the houfe of their ->V- '
fathers, and the tribe of the children of
Gad according to the houfe of their fa
thers, have received their inheritance, and
half the tribe of Manafleh have received
their inheritance :
1 5 The two tribes and the half tribe
have received their inheritance on this
fide Jordan near Jericho eaftward, toward
the iun-rifing.
1 6 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 1 7 u Thefe are the names of the men "^^^V.-16-
which fhall divide the land unto you ; lCh'--™;
x Eleazar the prieft, y and Jofhua the fon x^^i;6fIh&
of Nun. _ Ili'S;
18 And ye fhall take one prince of into^^c™!
., J t • 1 1 1 1 , -1 46. 11. rfith 1516.
every tribe, to divide the land by inhe- rEx.oi.s7,t),io,,z.
... Jofh. xii— xxi. ^
ritance. ch. 14.6^8 a&»
19 And the names of the men are

• Ezek. 47. it.

cheerfully to pafs on, while we difcover how he preferves his people
' in all, and fets their mercies and judgments the one over againft
the other, — guides them with his counfel while here, and after-
Wards brings them to glory! But dangerous and infectious is inti-

thefe : Of the tribe of Judah, * Caleb the ^f^^ti:
fon of Jephunneh.
20 And of the tribe of the children of
Simeon, Shemuel the fon of Ammihud.
21 Of the tribe of Benjamin, Elidad
the fon of Chiflon.
22 And the prince of the tribe of the
children of Dan, Bukki the fon of Jogli.
23 The prince of the children of Jo
feph, for the tribe of the children of
Manafleh, Hanniel the fon of Ephod.

macy with wicked men, and with the unfruitful works of dark
nefs ! Carefully then ought profeffors of the true religion to avoid
it, and to remove out of the way whatever might occafion tempta
tion or Humbling. Ll 2

Bef.ire Chrifl
1452.

a Ver. 17—28. Jolh,
19. 51.

Cities appointed for the Levites
24 And the prince of the tribe of the
children of Ephraim, Kemuel the fon of
Shiphtan. 15 And the prince of the tribe of the
children of Zebulun, Elizaphan the fon
of Parnach.
26 And the prince ofthe tribe of the
children of Iflachar, Paltiel the fon of
Azzan. 27 And the prince of the tribe of the
children of Aftier, Ahihud the fon of
Shelomi. 28 And the prince of the tribe of the
children of Naphtali, Pedahel the fon of
Ammihud. 29 a Thefe are they whom the Lord
commanded to divide the inheritance unto
the children of Ifrael in the land of Canaan.
CHAP. XXXV.
Here, ( 1 ) In order that God's minifters might be pro
perly accommodated, and his people have equal accefs
to their inftruclions, forty-eight cities, with their
fuburbs, and a field on each fide of them, are appointed
out ofthe portions ofthe twelve tribes for the Levites;
1 — 8. (2) Six cities, at proper diftances, are ap
pointed for places of refuge to fuch as fhould acci
dentally and undefignedly kill their neighbour ; 9 — 15,
22—28. But (3) Every wilful murderer is peremp
torily appointed to be punifhed with death ; 16 — 21,
29—34- N D the Lord fpake unto Mofes
in the plains of Moab, by Jordan
near Jericho, faying,
2 a Command the children of Ifrael,
k*i,"' s." &48l that they give unto the Levites of the
9,1a, 13. 1 Cor. 9. . J O
shir?: ?.%6' inheritance of their pofleffion cities to
dwell in : and ye fhall give alfo unto the
Levites fuburbs for the cities round about
them. 3 And the cities fhall they have to dwell
in ; and the fuburbs of them fhall be for
their cattle, and for their goods, and for
' all their beafts.
4 b And the fuburbs of the cities, which
&c- c™£^' ye fhall give unto the Levites, jhall reach

NUMBERS.

Cities of refuge appointed,,

A1

i Ver. 8. Jofh. 14.2,
4. & 21. %. Ezek,

6. 1 Tim. 5.
with Gen. 49.7.

k They had the
luburbs, to the
br-adth of 608
yards on every
fide, for barns,
ftablps, eaidens-
&c. and the othc
of 1216 yards
breadth, lor corn
fields, vineyards,

Ezek.

Before Chrift
Six bundred and
eight yards.

from the wall of the city and outward * a
thoufand cubits round about. *
5 And ye fhall meafure from without t0Kt  -„,W(
the city on the eaft fide t two thoufand SStW*
cubits, and on the fouth fide two thoufand
cubits, and on the weft fide two thoufand
cubits, and on the north fide two thou
fand cubits ; and the city fhall be in the
midft : this fhall be to them the fuburbs
of the cities.
6 And c among the cities which ye fhall e%att\%\\ J°*\
give unto the Levites there Jhall be fix *$%,':£*&&
cities for refuge, which ye fhall appoint j^s^'if
for the manflayer, that he may flee thi
ther : and + to them ye fhall add forty and t^-i^thmi^
•' » Jhall give,
two cities.
7 So all the cities which ye fhall give
to the Levites Jhall be d forty and eight <ijofli.Ki.ickr.s.
cities : them Jhall ye give with their
fuburbs. 8 And the cities which ye fhall give
Jhall be tf of the pofleffion of the children ecen.49.5- Deut.
of Ifrael : f from them that have many f Exod.'i6. 18. &.
ye fhall give many; but from them that *<&%.$&.
1 c n- 11 1 • r 6.6.111m. 5. i7.
have few ye fhall give few : every one
fhall give of his cities unto the Levites
according to his inheritance which + he *Heb- *•>¦**•*
inheriteth. 9 ^[ And the Lord fpake unto Mofes,
faying, 10 Speak unto the children of Ifrael,
and fay unto them, « When ye be come zXi^fftt
over Jordan into the land of Canaan, ' ' ° ' *" 3'
*r 7 , hExod. 21.13. Deut*
1 1 Then h ye fliall appoint you cities ^-'o.&4.4i
to be cities of refuge for you; -that the 11 Heb. i;«w.
flayer may flee thither, who killeth any iv£;£.%Z^
perfon H at unawares.
1 2 And they fhall be unto you cities
of refuge i from the avenger; that the
manflayer die not until he ftand before
the congregation in judgment.
13 And of thefe cities which ye fhall
k fix cities fhall ye have for refuge.

give

k Jofh. 20. 3,5,6,9.
Deut, 19.6. ver.25.
Thi 'a vender or re
venger ofhlcod was
the nearcft killf-
man-of the perfon
flain. The congre
gation, before
which the man-
flayor flood, was
the magiftrates of
thecjty of refuge,
or of the city to
which the flain
man pertained.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIV.- — It is neceffary to bring
our mind to our lot, fince God fets the bounds to it : and, though
a fmall portion of this world may be allotted to the people of God,
yet is that fmall portion fertile, and well protected. How inftruc-
tive the boundaries of this promifed land! The memorial of
heaven's vengeance on Sodom at the fouth-eaft ; the memorial of
Egyptian bondage on the fouth-weft ; the wildernefs of their wan
dering on the fouth j the goodly mountain Lebanon on the north ;

the great fea, that emblem of eternity, on the weft; and Jordan,
that river of God, on the eaft. Thus are we furrounded with
mementos of our ftate. But, in all, infallible is the accomplifhment
of God's promifes, whatever hard warfare and wearifome waiting
may be neceffary to precede it. Let me therefore, even now,
raife up my weary fpirit — Jefus, the prince of all the tribes of ran
fomed men, fhall. quickly aflign me my fhare in his cekftial
Canaan ! 6

Who to be protected

CHAP.

:xxv.

m

cities oj

ft

•cii

V"

Before Chrift
1452.

] Join. M>. 7, 8. Dent.
19. 8, 9. & 4. 41
—43. ice Exod. 12;
ei<). Lev. 19. 34.
ch. 15. 15, 10, 29.
m Exod. 12. 49. Gai.
3. 28. Col. 3. 11.
John 6. 37. Rom.
3. 29, 30. 1 Tim.
I. 13-
ll Exod. 21. 12, 14.
ver. 22, 23. Deut.
19. 12. Gen. 9. 5,
6. Lev. 24. 17.
ver. 17 — 21, 30,
31. 33-
$ Heb. with aflent
oj the hand.

0 Ver. 21, jl. Deut,
19. 12.

,p Deut, ig. 11.
I Sam. £4. 11.
Luke 4.29. & II.
54. Acts 23. 21.
Gen. 4. 5, 8. Prov.
36, 24. lee ver. 16.

¦TlExod. 2l.l3.-Ocut.
J9-5-J°fn-20.3, 5.

M !¦-; Urates ofthe
r..-.' where the
r.i-i i> was, ver. 12.
)..r\.jo.i.

14 Ye fliall give three cities on this
fide Jordan, and three cities fhall ye give
in the land of Canaan, which fhall be
cities of refuge.
1 5 Thefe fix cities fhall be a refuge,
1 both for the children of Ifrael, and for
the ftranger, and for the fojourner among
them : m that every one that killeth any
perfon unawares may flee thither.
16 n And if he finite him with an
inftrument of iron, fo that he die, he is
a murderer ; the murderer fliall furely be
put to death.
1 7 And if he fmite him § with throw
ing a ftone, wherewith he may die, and
he die, he is a murderer : the murderer
fhall furely be put to death.
18 Or jf he fmite him with an hand-
weapon of wood, wherewith he may die,
and he die, he is a murderer : the mur
derer fliall furely be put to death.
19 The ° revenger of blood himfelf
fhall flay the murderer : when he meeteth
him he fliall flay him.
20 But ? if he thruft him of hatred, or
hurl at him by laying of wait, that he die ;
21 Or in enmity fmite him with his
hand, that he die : he that fmote him fhall
furely be put to death; for he is a mur
derer: the revenger of blood fhall flay
the murderer when he meeteth him.
22 But if he thruft him fuddenly
q without enmity, or have caft upon him
any thing without laying of wait,
23 Or with any ftone wherewith a man
may die, feeing him. not, and caft /'/ upon
him that he die, and was not his enemy,
neither fought his harm :
24 Then the r congregation fhall judge
between the flayer and the revenger of
blood according to thefe judgments.
25 And the congregation fhall deliver
the flayer out of the hand of the revenger

of blood, and the congregation fhall re
ftore him to the city of his refuge, whither
he was fled ; and he fliall s abide in it
unto the death of the high prieft, who
was anointed with the holy oil.
26 But if the flayer fhall at any time
come without the border of the city of
his refuge, whither he was fled ;
27 And the revenger of blood find
him without the borders of the city of

5e:ore Chrift
1452.

3 Jofh. 7.o. 6. Roai.
2. Z4 — 26. Eph. 1.
7. Heb. 7. 25.
Eph. 2. 16—18.
Heo.4. 14— 16. &
10. 19—12. Sc 9,
12, IS*

his refuge, and the

revenger

of blood

Heb. ne thti fliall
be te him.
t Exod. 22. 2. ivith
Dan. 19.6,10. Jf.
23. 16. & y. •?.
John 15. 4. Phil.
3.9. Rev. 14.13.

kill the flayer ; T ' he fhall not be guilty of f
blood :
28 Becaufe he fhould have remained
in the city of his refuge until the death
of the high prieft : but after the death of
the high prieft the flayer fhall return into
the land of his pofleffion.
29 So thefe things fhall be for a u ftatute u Ch- *7- "•
of judgment unto you throughout your
generations in all your dwellings.
30 Whofo killeth any perfon, the mur
derer fhall be put to death by the x mouth "^mX:^*
of witnefles : but one witnefs fliall not ^.john's1^!
teftify againft any perfon to caufe him to
die. 3 r f Moreover, 7 ye fliall take no fatif- r^££|?'
farflion for the life of a murderer which "-&
is + guilty of death : but he fhall be furely t*"-/^'/'.*.
put to death.
32 And ye fhall take no fatisfaclion for
him that is fled to the city of his refuge,
that he fhould come again to dwell in the
land, until the death of the prieft.
22 So ye fliall not pollute the land
wherein ye are: for z blood it defileth the z*v"m£+«.*
land : and H the land cannot be cleanfed
of the blood that is flied therein but by
the blood of him that flied it.
34 Defile not therefore the land which
ye fliall inhabit, wherein I a dwell : for
I the Lord dwell among the children of
Ifrael.

Heb. there can he n»
expiation for the
land.

aCh. ;. 3. Hof. 9. 3.
Pf. 135.21. If. 57-
15. John 14. 2.
z Cor. 6. 16, 17.
Rev. 21. 3.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXV. — What care God takes
- to arrange his minifters in che church and world as beft promotes
the edification -..f his people ! Often, for that purpofe, as in the cafe
of the Levites, he turns a curfs into a bleffing'. At the fame time
it is his will that his minifters fhould be fuitably provided for, that
' .ey may not be embarraffed with carnal care or labour: and to
provide j. gofpel minifter ought to be the great care of every
r-i cple. Such as minifter to us in fpiritual things have a right to
rc.p our carnal things : and fuch as are engaged in gofpel admini-

ftrations fhould, as far as poffible, difengage themfelves from every
worldly care. Never therefore fhould We receive worldly portions
without devoting a part of them to the Lord, or the benefit of his
church. How heinous is the guilt of hating and murdering our
neighbours ! And it is prefumptuoufly wicked for fuch as are in
power to permit wilful murderers to pafs without the due punish
ment of death. But if men finfully indulge their efcape, God's
fword will in due time reach them. Yet, on the co.itrary, care
ought to be taken that none be punifhed but uponfufficient exami-

Law relative to the marriage

NUMBERS.

and inheritance of daughters'

Before Chrirt
1452.

»Ch. 27.1.4.-26.29.
- & 32. 39, 40.

' G H A P. XXXVI.
God having appointed (chap, xxvii.) that the daugh
ters in a family fhould inherit their father's portion
when there were no fons, here ( I ) A difficulty is
farted, 'that thfie heireffes, by their marriage,
might carry off their portion into the inheritance of
another tribe ; I — 4. (2) To prevent this, God
appoints that heireffes fhould marry only with huf
bands of their own tribe ; 5—9- (3) The 'daugh
ters of Zelophehad readily comply with this appoint
ment, and marry their own coufins ; 10 — 13.
ND the chief fathers ofthe families
of the children of '" Gilead, the fon
of Machir, the fon of Manafleh, of the
families ofthe fons of Jofeph, came near,
and fpake before Mofes, and before the
princes, the chief fathers of the children
of Ifrael :
<bCh.^->-7&*6. 2 And they faid, b The Lord com-
jWi-}. 3, 4-' ' manded my lord to give the land for an
inheritance by lot to the children of
Ifrael : and my lord was commanded by
the Lord to give the inheritance of Ze
lophehad our brother unto his daugh
ters. 3 And if they be married to any of the
fons of the other tribes ofthe children of
Ifrael, then fhall their inheritance be
taken from the inheritance of our fathers,
and fhall be put to the inheritance of
'fht'jh.Tht!'m the tribe * whereunto they are received :
fo fhall it be taken from the lot of our
inheritance. 4 And when the jubilee of the children
of Ifrael fhall be, then * fliall their inhe
ritance be put unto the inheritance of
the tribe whereunto they are received : fo
fhall their inheritance be taken away from
the inheritance of the tribe of our fathers.
5 ^[ And Mofes commanded the chil
dren of Ifrael according to the word of

Before Chrift
1452.

c Lev. 25. J°-

the Lord, faying, a The tribe of the fons
of jofeph hath faid well. * ch. *7. -,.
6 This is the thing which the Lord
doth command concerning the daughters
of Zelophehad, faying, Let them + marry t Heb.fc «,--,„.
to whom they think beft; c only to the Cen- 1!>- *i< $•'
family of the tribe of their fathers fliall
they marry :
7' So fliall not the inheritance of the
children of Ifrael remove from tribe to
tribe ; for every one of the children of
Ifrael fhall f keep himfelf to the inherit- fIg- *™» £«._
ance of the tribe of his fathers. *]; &.'££',!%
8 s And every daughter, that poflefleth % iChr- *3- .»• *
an inheritance in any tribe of the chil
dren of Ifrael, fhall be wife unto one of
the family ofthe tribe of her father, that
the children of Ifrael may enjoy every man
the inheritance of his fathers.
9 Neither fhall the inheritance remove
from one- tribe to another tribe ; but
every one of the tribes of the children of
Ifrael fhall keep himfelf to his own in
heritance. iof Even h as the Lord commanded ^'lit^y-ul
Mofes, fbdid the daughters of Zelophehad: -4°-'fi-
1 1 » For Mahlah, Tirzah, and Hoglah, * <£ *y "^
and Milcah, and Noah, the daughters
of Zelophehad, were married unto their
father's brothers' fons :

12 And they were married II into the " "tre'./r*?/,™

lies.

families of the fons of Manafleh the fon
of Jofeph, and their inheritance remained
in the tribe of the family of their father.
13 Thefe k are the commandments k^;.^7"~x^,7;
and the judgments, which the Lord "Ito.&m4^-
commanded by the hand of Mofes unto
the children of Ifrael. in the plains of
Moab, by Jordan near Jericho.

nation and full proof; and that none be punifhed with death for
any thing done contrary to his intention. But what a lively type
of Jefus are thefe cities of refuge ! What murder of God — of
Chrift  of our fouls — of our neighbour — of time — of ordinances —
- of mercies and judgments — we commit ignorantly, and in unbe
lief! And if death overtake us loitering in our fins, we muft perifh
in them ! But Jefus, in his perfon, covenant, blood, power, and
grace, is a fafe and comfortable refuge fet before us in the gofpel.
He is every where near to flee to ; and the way to him is plain
and clear. .Strangers, Gentiles as well as Jews, have equal accefs
to him. Him that cometh to him he will in no wife caft out :
and in him we muft abide for ever, that we may be fafe. — But
how fhall we efcape if we neglect fo great falvation ! — if we fin
wilfully, sifter we have received the knowledge of, the truth! — if

we tread under foot the Son of God, count the blood of the
covenant an unholy thing, and do defpite unto the Spirit of
grace !
Reflections upqn Chap. XXXVI. — It is prudent to forefee
difficulties, that we may avoid them : and in laws, covenants, and
other affairs, to have every point fo fixed that no diforder or dis
pute may arife in after-times. But let us remember that it is moft
profitable to acknowledge the Lord in all our ways ; for often. he
defers his directions' till men perceive the neceffity of them : and. a
ready obedience to his command and will, when known, yea, even
to thofe of our fuperiors, is neceffary and becoming. But, what
ever power parents have in the marriage of children, none ought
to be forced into marriage connections contrary to their inclination.

THE

^-"->-v

FIFTH BOOK of MOS E"S,

CALLED

DEUTERONOMY.
if his book is fo called becaufe it contains a repetition of many laws formerly delivered. It records the hiftory of Ifrael durino-
one month before Mofes' death, and another after it. Here we have fcarcely any new hiftory, but what relates to Mofes'
renewal of the covenant between God and Ifrael, his charge to Joftoua, and his death. Never, except in ch. xxxi. 14  21.
and xxxiv. 4. is God exhibited as fpeaking to Mofes or the Ifiraelites as in the three preceding books. But Mofes, juft °ving
to leave them by death, in the moft affeSling manner rehear fes to them what God had done for them; and the laws which he
had given them, with feveral explications and additions. This rehearfal was extremely neceffary and kind. ( 1 ) Many of the
laws in refipecl of their matter, and all of them in refipecl of their author and intent, were very important, and worthy to be
again and again inculcated. (2) The weaknefs of the Ifraelites made it neceffary that the laws which immediately- concerned
them fhould be reprefented feparately from thofe which concerned the priefts and Levites. (3) The perfons to whom thefe laws
had been originally publiftoed were now almoft all dead, and a new generation was grown up, to whom God would have his
lazvs repeated by Mofes himfelf, that, if pojfible, it might make a lafting impreffion upon them. (4) They were juft going to
take poffeffion of Canaan ; it was therefore proper that they fhould be exprefsly admonifhed of the conditions upon which they
zvere to hold it. In this his laft fpeech and dying words, (1) Mofes gives a fummary reht&rfal of tvhat events had hap
pened to them in the wildernefs; ch. i. ii. iii. ix. 7 — 29. x. 1 — 7. (2) He rehearfes the moral laws which had been given
from mount Sinai ; and, by a variety of motives, drawn from the kindnefs of God toward them, and from the danger of dif-
cbedience, charges and calls upon them to obey them ; iv. — xi. (3) With a mixture of moral inftitutes he inculcates mani
fold ceremonial and judicial obfervances : fome ofzvhich ; as of extirpating falfe prophets and idolatrous cities ; makino- battle
ments around the roofs of houfes ; expiating uncertain murder ; taking down hanged malefatlors in the evening ; punifhing of
rebellious children ; diftinguifhing apparel of the fiexes ; marriage of captive zvomen, and wives of deceafed brethren ; of
divorcing of wives, and trial of virginity ; of runaway fervants ; &c. ; had not before been plainly eftabliftxd; xii. — xxvi.
(4) To enforce obedience to thefe laws, he charges them tofurrender themfelves folemnly to God at Ebal and Gerizzim, as his
dutiful fervants, who regarded his bleffings, and ftood in awe of his cur fes. He folemnly announces the bleffings annexed to
their obedience, and denounces the curfes tvhich would befall them if difobedient; xxvii. — xxxi. (5) After encouraging
Jofhua, his fucceffor, and leaving a fong for the people, warning them of their future fins, miferies, and deliverances, and a
teftamentary beneditlion for their encouragement, he views the promifed land from mount Tifgah, where he dies, and is buried
by God, and lamented by the Ifraelites ; xxxi. — xxxiv.

Beforearift CHAP. I.
- After marking the time and place of his difcourfe, 1 — 5,
Mofes, in his farewell- fermon, reminds the Ifraelites
( 1 ) Of the promife of Canaan, which God had mack
to them; 6 — 8. (2) Ofthe provifion of inferior-
judges he had made for them; 9 — 18. (3) Of their
unbelief and murmuring upon the report of the
wicked fpies; 19 — 33. (4) Of the wrathful fen-
tence which God had paffed upon them for their fin,
and the ratification thereof; 34 — 4^'
THESE are. the words which
Mofes fpake unto all Ifrael a on
this fide Jordan in the wildernefs,
• or suih. in the plain over againft * the Red fa,

d,-„ <-!,„ f,.-!.: .,..1, d Num. 20. i with
14. 3>, 34- 8c

between k Paran, and Tophel, and Laban, Bef°™ ffif
and Hazeroth, and Dizahab. bNum.,2.,6.&,;.
2 (There are c eleven days journey from \"f
t-, , , 1 r n •• c Num. 10.33. with
Horeb, by the way of mount Seir, unto ll\t 33' l5
Kadefh-barnea.) 3 And it came to pafs d in the fortieth
year, in the eleventh month, on the firft Ifai-i'iscui.
day of the month, that Mofes fpake unto
the children of Ifrael, according unto all
that the Lord had given him in com- %Nh'™: j^p?'
mandment unto them ; l-H-t^. ,;£'
4 c After he had flain Sihon the king >«•»•£'$>*

Rehearfal of promifes.

DEUTERO N O M Y.

Of the infitution of rulers.

Before Chriil
1452.

f See ver. 1. for
Mo cs never went
over J- r Lan to ihe
weft fide of it,

g Exod.xix. to Num.

h Gen. 15. 18— it.
Exod. 23. 3 1,
Num. 34. 5—12.
f Heb. all bis neigh
bours.

% Heb. given,
i Gen. ii. 7. Sc jj.
- 14, 15, & 15. ib.
& .17. 8. & 26. 3,
4. & 28, 1 j, 14. &
35- "¦

Ic Exod. 18.18. Num.
11.24. Jethro ad*
vifedthe confuta
tion of inferior go
vernors ; God ap
proved if, and laft
of all, the people
conien ted to it
when propolcd to
them by Mofes.
I Gen. 15.5,6. &Z2.
17. & 28. 14.
P2xod. 12. 37,
Num. 26. 51.
in 4 Sam. 24. 3. Ff.
115. 14.
n Gen. 22. 17. & 26.
4. Exod. 32, 13.
• tKiii. 3.8,9. 2 Cor.
XL 48. Exod. 18.
X3. Num. II. 24.

ofthe Amorites,- who dwelt in Hefhbon,
and Q< the kino- of Bafhan, who dwelt
at Aftaroth in Edrei:
5 On f this fide Jordan, in the land of
Moab, began Mofes to declare this law,
faying, 6 *f The Lord our God fpake unto us
in Horeb, faying, Ye have dwelt g long
enough in this mount :
7 Turn ye, and take your journey,
and h go to the mount of the i^morites,
and unto + all the places nigh thereunto,
in the plain, in the hills, and in the vale,
and in the fouth, and by the fea fide, to
the land of the Canaanites, and unto
Lebanon, unto the great river, the river
Euphrates; 8 Behold, I have + fet the land before
you : go in and poflefs the land ' which
the Lord fware unto your fathers-, Abra
ham, Ifaac, and Jacob, to give unto them
and to their feed after them.
9 % And I fpake unto you at that time,
k faying, I am not able to bear you myfelf
alone : *
10 The Lord your God hath l multi
plied you, and, behold, ye are this day
as the ftars of heaven for multitude.
1 1 (The Lord God of your fathers
m make you a thoufand times fo many
more as ye are, and n blefs you, as he hath
promifed you !)
1 2 How can I myfelf alone "bear your
cumbrance, and your burden, and your
ftrife?

U Hen. give.
pA£tt,,.se,Z}.8c6. 3, Si 6. Exod. 18.

• Exod. 18. 2S- ch.
IS. 18.
? Heb. g avi.

15

t Pf. <!. 1. & 82. 3,
4. John 7. 24.
Exod. 23. 3, 6, 7.
Lev. jo. 15.ch.16.
19. Prov. 24. 23 .
2 Chr. 10. 6 — 10.
i Sam. 8. i-,.

1 pTake ye wife men and underftand
ing, and known among your tribes, and
I will make them rulers over you.
1 4 And ye anfwered me, and faid, The
thing which thou haft fpoken is good for
us to do.
15 So 1 I took the chief of your tribes,
wife men, and known, and § made them
heads over you, captains over thoufands,
and captains over hundreds, and captains
over fifties, and captains over tens, and
officers among your tribes.
16 And I charged your judges at that
time, faying, r Hear the caufes between
your brethren, and judge righteoufly

Before Chrift
1452.

t Heb. J. z. Num.
12. 7. John 15. i<,
Mat. 28. 20. Acts
20. 27. 1 Cor. 4,
1,2.

y Verr8, 21. Hum.
13. 30. 8c 14.8,9.
II.41. 10. &43. 1,
2. ch. 31. 7, 8,23.
& 20. I, 3, 4.

between every man and his brother, and
the ftranp-er that is with him.
1 7 Ye fliall not "" reipeel perfons m *h^«*'«h«
judgment, but ye fliall hear the fmall as
well as the great: ye fhall not be afraid-
of the face of man, for the judgment is
God's ; and s the caufe that is too hard for s&uA &m.»j.
you bring it unto me, and I will hear it.
1 8 And I ' commanded you at that time
all the things which ye fiiould do.
19 ^f And when we departed from Ho
reb we went through all that great and
L1 terrible wildernefs which ye faw by the amt '&*'.;£
way of the mountain of the AmoMtes,
as the Lord our God commanded us ;
and we came to Kadefh-oarnea.
20 And I faid unto you, Ye are come
unto the v mountain of the Amorites, *lTi$.1&Z$:
which the Lord our God doth give-
unto us.
21 y Behold, the'LoRD thy God hath
fet the land before thee : go up, and poffefs
it, as the Lord God of thy fathers hath
faid unto thee ; fear not, neither be dif-
courag-ed. 22 % And ye came near unto me every
one of you, and faid, + We will fend
men before us, and they fhall fearch us
out the land, and bring us word again by
what way we muft go up, and into what
cities we fhall come.
23 And the faying z pleafed me well :
and I took twelve men of you, one of a
tribe : ;
24 And a they turned and went up
into the mountain, and came unto the
valley of Efhcol, and fearched it out.
25 And they took of the fruit ofthe
land in their hands, and brought it down
unto us, and brought us word again, and
faid, // is a good land which the Lord
our God doth give us.
26 Notwithftanding
up, but rebelled againft
ment of the Lord your God :
27 And ye murmured in your tents,
and faid, c Becaufe the Lord hated us cCtlf£Ti.
he hath brought us forth out of the land
of Egypt, to deliver us into the' hand of
the Amorites, to deftroy us.

fit was their doubt
ing of God's pro
mife that made
them incline to
fend fpies.

z Num. 13. 1— 2J.
Jofh. 2. i, 2.

a Num. 13.13—27,

ye would not go
the command-

63.IO. AflS 7". 51.

b Num. T4- 1— 3-

Rehearfil of the Ifraelites'

C H A P. I.

BeforeOirif, 2g Whither fl^ Wfi gQ up ? Qur bre.
+ Heb. f*i<«i. thren have + difcouraged our heart, fay-
d ch^fXlcZli. mg' d The people /j- greater and taller than
jiidS.i.io. we . {.Ljg cities flr(? great and walled up to
heaven ; and, moreover, we have feen
the fons of the Anakims there.
ever. 21. if. 4i. to, 20 Then I faid unto you, e Dread not,
14, IS- & 43. 1, 2. . 7 J ' '
Rom. s. 3i. neither be afraid of them.
fENeh.'4U2oI4ch.s;. 3° The Lord your God, f who goeth
21. & 20. 4. if- Defore you, he fhall fight for you, sac-
g Exod. vii-xiv. cording; to all that he did for you in Egypt
p.. 78. 11— 13, 43 o J ^J sr
^Ne?.9OSsii7 before your eyes ;
iuod. w-xxxiv. o 1 And h in the wildernefs, where thou
11", 63. 9—I4. Hof. mJ J
"tSlSZ- Neh. haft feen how that the Lord thy God
£.?i^Ezek' bare thee as a man doth bear his fon, in
all the way that ye went, until ye came
into this place.
32 Yet in this thing ' ye did not believe
the Lord your God,

i Pf. 78. 22. & 106.
24. Heb. 3. 12, 18,
19.

35 l Surely there fhall not one of thefe

k& 4c1: 3^37. Num. 23 k Who went in the way before you,
10. 33, 34. Ezek. /* 1 1 * 1
^•6,fio.gNeh.|. to fearch you out a place to pitch your
•05. 39- tents in, in fire by night, to fhew you by
what way ye fhould go, and in a cloud
by day.
34 % And the Lord heard the voice of
your words, and was wroth, and fware,
faying,
1 Nam. 14. t?, 24,
2Q. & 32. 8, IT.
9j:i;.Heb.S3.8i men of this evil generation fee that- good
land, which I fware to give unto your
fathers, 36 Save Caleb the fon of Jephunneh ;
he fhall fee it, and to him will I give
m jofh. 14. 8, 9, 14. m the land that he hath trodden upon, and
tHA/Bjfiwtoeo to his children, becaufe he hath * wholly
followed the Lord.
"£"?;"; el'.* 37 " Alfo the Lord was angry with
t'M.t£'£n- me for your fakes, faying, Thou alfo
fhalt not go in thither.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — It much becomes aged mini
fters from time to time to remind their people of the principal
occurrences of Providence towards them, and of their carriage
towards God under them : and, the nearer their end, the more
ferious and diligent ought they to be in this work. In repeated
views of the providences and oracles of God, fome new and affect
ing circumftances will readily prefent themfelves, to which we
had not formerly adverted, and call forth new expreflions of grati
tude and praife : and it is beautiful when all the kindnefs of God
is enjoyed as founded on his new-covenant promifes. What a
mercy is it to a nation when they have judges able,' patient, pious,
and impartial ! But heinous is the guilt when, notwithftanding
Vol. I.

contempt of Canaan ', and punifhment.
38 But Jofhua the fon of Nun, who ' *%cffM
0 ftandeth- before thee, he fliall go in 0 see Exod. ,7. 9, "
thither : encourage him ; for he fliall iS\]}fs:f^«m.
caufe Ifrael to inherit it. '¦ 1_3-
39 Moreover, p your little ones, which p7,.™;,0; \IL ":
ye faid fhould be a prey, and your chil
dren, which in that day had no know
ledge between good and evil, they fliall
go in thither, and unto them will I give
it, and they fliall poflefs it.
40 But as for you, 1 turn ye, and take q £"££;*£;
your journey into the wildernefs by the
way of the Red fea.
41 Then ye anfwered and faid unto me,
r We have finned againft the Lord, we ' Num.f^'4a.
will go up and fight, according to all that ^nW.^fifi'.
the Lord our God commanded us. And, ,7'9'
when ye had girded on every man his
weapons of war, ye were ready to go up
into the hill.
42 And the Lord faid unto me, Say
unto them, 5 Go not up, neither fight; '||'-'4f-|
for I am not among you ; left ye be
fmitten before your enemies.
43 So I fpake unto you ; and ye would
not hear, but ' rebelled againft the com- ^ffLtttf
mandment ofthe Lord, and H went pre- si
fumptuoufly up into the hill.
44 And the Amorites, who dwelt in
that mountain, came out againft you, and
"chafed you as bees do, and deftroyed "u'"?-'"'?-*'
. -, J. t t 1 ch l8' *5- & 3*-
you in Seir, even unto Hormah. *°- u- s0-1?-
45 And ye x returned and wept be- x ,T'.7,^?'.*>s;
fore the Lord ; but the Lord would not n'
hearken to your voice, nor give ear unto
you. 46 So ye y abode in Kadefli many days, *Kum- '«¦**-«•
according unto the days that ye abode
there.

a Num.- 14. 42. Hof.
" 59- J>».

[7. 9. 1
If. 03. 10. Afts 7.

H Heb. you wire fre-
fumptitowandvient uf.

God's gracious promifes and kind providences, we wickedly rebel
againft him ; when, difcrediting God's promife and care, we obfti-
nately lean to our own underftanding ; and when we readily cre
dit every thing faid in oppofition to God's record, and difregard
every encouragement to believe it! And men's wilfulnefs fre
quently manifefts itfelf in fuch diverfified contradictions to God's
will! The moft eminent faints fhare along with the wicked in
their temporal miferies. And often they are forced to weep for
their fufferings who would not weep for their fins. But, alas! to
no purpofe is weeping when the door of mercy is once fhut. It
is but the forrow of the world, which worketh death.
Mm

Ifraelites" travels along the coafs

DEUTERONOMY.

Before Chrift
1452.

CHAP. II.

a Ch. 1. 40. Num.
14; 25.

b Num. 21. 4.

Here, after paffing untouched the wanderings of thirty-
eight years, which the Ifraelites had fipent under the
manifeft tokens of God's wrath, Mofes reminds them
of ( 1 ) The charge which God gave them not to
difturb the Edomites, Moabites, and Ammonites, their
kinfmen, to whom he had given the lands of the an
cient Horims, Emims, and Zamzummims, the heathen
pofterity of Ham ; I — 23. (2) The care which God
took of them in the wildernefs ; and his complete ful
filment of his threatening, in deftroying the unbe
lieving contemners of the promifed land; 13 — 16.
(3) The order they received from God to conquer the
kingdom of Sihon the Amorite ; their juft quarrel
with him, and fieizure of 'his country ; 24 — 37.
THEN we a turned,, and took our
journey into the wildernefs by the
way of the Red fea, as the Lord fpake
unto me : and we b compafled mount Seir
, many days.
2 And the Lord fpake unto me,
faying, 3 Ye have compafled this mountain
ech.,.6.irer.7,i4. « long enough : turn ye northward.
4 And command thou the people, fay
ing, d Ye are to pafs through the coaft of
your brethren the children of Efau, who
dwell in Seir; and they fliall be afraid of
you : e take ye good heed unto yourfelves
therefore. 5 f Meddle not with them ; for I will
not give you of their land, * no not fo
much as a foot-breadth, becaufe I have
given mount Seir unto Efau for a pof
feffion. 6 Ye fhall sbuy meat of them for money,
that ye may eat ; and ye fhall alfo buy
water of them for money, that ye may
drink. 7 For the Lord thy God hath h blefled
thee in all the works of thy hand : he
'knoweth thy walking through this great
wildernefs : thefe forty years the Lord
thy God hath been with thee ; thou haft
lacked nothing.
8 And when we k pafled by from our
brethren the children of Efau, who
dwelt in Seir, through the way of the
plain from Elath, and from Ezion-gaber,
we turned, and pafled by the way of the
wildernefs of Moab.
9 ^[ And the Lord faid unto me,

A Ch. 23. 7. Num.
20. 14. Exod. 15.
15. Gen. xxxvi.
1 Chr. I. 35—54.

C Eph. 5. 15. Col. 4,
5. Mat. 5. 16.

f Ch. 23. 7. 2 Chr.
20. 10. Rom. 12.
18. Gen. 36. S.
Jofh. 24. 4.
* Heb. even to the
treading of the jolt
tf the foot.

£ Num. zo. sc,. ver.
28. Mat. 7. 12.
Rom. 13. 8. Phil.
4.8.

h Gen. 30. VJ. & 39.
5. & 24. 35. c: 12.
2. ch. 8. 2, 3.
i John 10.27. Pf. 31.
7. & 1. 6. Amos

k Num. 20. 21, 22.
& 33, 35,30.- Judg.
II. 18. 1 Kin. 9.
26. 2 Kin. 14. 22.
& 16. 6.

of Edom, Moab, and Ammon.
Moabites, neither

Before Chrift
battle ; for I will ro,^».yB; ¦ ¦ ii.

againfl Moab,
I Gen. 19.

0 Ver. 22. Gen. 14.
6. 8c 36. 20—43.
I Chr. 1. 38-54.

t-1 Diftrefs not the
contend with them in
not give thee of their land for a poflef- ,, n io ]v
fion, becaufe I have given m Ar unto the |s; Xfeci.
children of Lot for a pofleffion. n"er~
10. The n Emims dwelt there in times )i^:^t5'u
paft, a people great, and many, and tall, nce.,^14.5. &s&
as the Anakims; »•
1 1 Who alfo were accounted giants,
as the Anakims ; but the Moabites call
them Emims.
120 The Horims alfo dwelt in Seir
beforetime ; but the children of Efau
* fucceeded them, when they had de- *«*./»*«/«(¦*,«.
ftroyed them from before them, and dwelt
in their II ftead; p as Ifrael did unto the 'Jj^
land of his pofleffion, which the Lord P™™*^Vf"
gave unto them. . ""•
1 3 Now rife up, faid I, and get ye
over 1 the § brook Zered. And we went q^.a- B&
over the brook Zered. sor^o,..
1 4 And the fpace in which we came
from r Kadefh-barnea, until we were r Num- n- *• <*¦ »•
m 19, 40.
come over the brook Zered, was thirty
and eight years ; until all the generation
ofthe men of war were s wafted out from * 1$f ;*&$:* 4.
amonp- the hoft, as the Lord fware unto T^dtsfi?*.
, ° 7 64, 65. Ezek. 20,
them. 15. Heb. 3. 8-1*
15 For indeed the hand ofthe Lord
was againft them, to deftroy them from
among the hoft until they were con-.
fumed. 16 f So it came to pafs, when ' all the 'N™-**-
men of war were confumed and dead
from among the people,
17 That the Lord fpake jinto me,
faying, 1 8 Thou art to pafs over through u Ar,
the coaft of Moab, this day :
1 9 And, when thou comeft nigh over
againft the children of Ammon, x diftrefs
them not, nor meddle with them : for I
will not give thee of the land of the chil
dren of Ammon any pofleffion, becaufe
I have given it unto the children of Lot
for a pofleffion.
20 (That alfo was accounted a land of

u Ver. 9. If. if. r.
Num. 21.^13,08.
Judg. 11. 18.

x Ver. 5,9. Gen. 19.
28. z Chr. 20.10.

giants.

giants dwelt therein in old time; y fr^w™
and the Ammonites call them 7 Zamzum- vSl'io?',5.'. !*. t.
28,&3- ii- Nuns,
mims: u-».jj.

Their conqucf ofthe kingdom

C'HA P. II.

of Sihon the Amor it e.

Before Chrift
1452.

1 Ver. 12. Gen. 36.
20—43. I Chr. j.
38-54.

a Jo(h. 13. 3- sKin.
17.24,
Ij.Gen. 10. 19.
I Kin. 4. 24. Jer.
25. 20. ¦
c Amo9 9. 7. Jer. 47.
4. Geu. 10. 9, 14.

f Heb. begin, poffefs.

i Ch. 11. 25. & 28.
10. Exod. 23. 27.
Jolh. 2. 9 — 12. 8c
10. 10. Pf. 105. 38.
& 48. 6.

e Jofh. 13. 18. 8c
». 37.

$ Judg; II. 19. Num.
21. 21, 11. with 10.
17—19. ver. 6.

g It appears that the
Edomites and
Moabites fold
them victuals.
Though they
did not permit
them a parfagc
through their
country, ch. 23. 3,
4-Judg. 11. 17, 18.

21 A people great, and many, and tall,
as the Anakims ; but the Lord deftroyed
them before them ; and they fucceeded
them, and dwelt in their ftead :
22 z As he did to the children of Efaii,
who dwelt in Seir, when he deftroyed
the Horims from before them ; and they
fucceeded them, and dwelt in their ftead
even unto this day :
23 And the a Avims, who dwelt in
Hazerinl, even unto b Azzah, the c Caph-
torims, who came forth out of Caphtor,
deftroyed them, and dwelt in their ftead.)
- 24 % Rife ye up, take your journey,
and pafs over the river Arnon : behold,
I have given into thine hand Sihon the
Amorite, king of Hefhbon, and his land :
*" begin to poflefs //, and contend with
him in battle.
25 d This day will I begin to put the
dread of thee and the fear of thee upon
the nations that are under the whole
heaven, who fhall hear report of thee,
and fhall tremble, and be in anguifh
becaufe of thee.
26 And I fent meflengers eout of the
wildernefs of Kedemoth unto Sihon king
of Hefhbon, with words of peace, faying,
27 f Let me pafs through thy land : I
will go along by the high-way, I will
neither turn unto the right hand nor to
the left.
28 Thou fhalt fell me meat for money,
that I may eat ; and give me water for
money, that I may drink : only I will
pafs through on ray feet :
29 s (As the children of Efau, who
dwell in Seir, and the Moabites, who
dwell in Ar, did unto me:) until I fhall
pafs over Jordan into the land which the
Lord our God giveth us.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — What regard God bears to
his noted favourites ; and what temporal favours he beftows, even
on their wicked pofterity, for their fake ! But he hath appointed
times for exercifing his people's faith, and permitting his enemies
profperity. He plants and plucks up nations; keeps them in, or
turns them down from, their property as he pleafes ; and the race
is not to the fwift, nor the battle to the ftrong. Thus the curfed
offspring of Ham, after many ages, periih under the patriarch's
curfe. But the people of God ought to be always generous,; for
giving, and difinterefted ; neither injuring their enemies, nor un-
neceJiarily burdenfome to their friends. And the more vain and

30 But h Sihon king of Hefhbon would
not let us pafs by him : for the Lord
thy God hardened his fpirit, and made
his heart obftinate, that he might deliver
him into thy hand, as appearcth this day.
qi And the Lord laid unto me, Be
hold, I have begun to ' give Sihon and his
land before thee : begin to poflefs, that
thou mayeft inherit, his land.
32 k Then Sihon came out againft us,
he and all his people, to fight at Jahaz.
22 And the Lord our God delivered
him before us ; and we fmote him, and
his fons, and all his people.
34 And we took all his cities at that
time, and L utterly deftroyed " the men,
and the women, and the little ones,

Before Chrift
»45*-
hNtim.21. 23. Exod.
4. 21. Jolh. 11.20.
Judg. II. 20.

Ck. 1. 8, 24.

k Num. 21. 23, 24*
- Pf. 120. 7. Judg.
11.20 — 23. pr.
135. 11. Sc 136.19.
Neh. 9. 22.

1 Ch. 20. 16—18. &
7. 2, 16. Jolh; ii.
_ 14. Num. 21. 4.
qj Lev. 27. 28.
1 r. ^ . || Heb. every city of
every city; we felt none to remain : -wii;
* _^ - , , l /" anc^ f(I'k ones.
25 m Only the cattle we took for a prey mNamf^,„clu
unto ourfelves, and the fpoil of the cities &n*\[fif17-
which we took.
36 n From Aroer, which is by the n f^lffiS:
brink of the river of Arnon, and from
the city that is by the river, even unto
Gilead, there u was not one city too ftrong oj°0^&^m:p?r;
for us : the Lord our God delivered all %:Zi.*™is*'>£'
unto us :
2f Only p unto the land of the chil- »\f1f*^.t?
dren of Ammon thou cameft not, nor
unto any place of the river Jabbok, nor

21. 24. & 32. 34.
2Sam.2j.. 5. Ii*. i"7»
Z. 1 Chr." 5. 8.

Gen. 32. 22.

unto the cities in the mountains, i nor ^f^^l:
unto whatfoever the Lord our God for- M«:^°->^
bad us.

15.22,

CHAP. III.
Here Mofes reminds his people ( I ) Of their vielory
over the gigantic Og, king of Bafhan, and their fell
ing of his country; I — xi. (2) The diftribution of
this and the former conquefts to the tribes of Reuben,
Gad, and the half tribe of Manaffeh, on certain con
ditions; 12 — 20. (3) Of his encouragement of fo-
fihua to carry on the war which had been fio glorioufily
begun with the Canaanites ; 21 — 22. (4) Of his

changeable the poffeffions of this world are, the more folicitous we
ought to be to fecure a kingdom which cannot be moved. When
nations are ripe for ruin God permits their proud lufts to plunge
them headlong into it : and their barbarous refufals of common
kindnefs iffue in their own and their neighbours' deftru&ion.
Let me be always content with fuch things as I have ; always ten
der of difpoffeffing others of what the Lord has given them. Let
my portion be the Lord himfelf, from which neither hell nor earth
can turn me out, or mar my enjoyment, while I live in the hopes
of exchanging all my wanderings, fightings, and fears, for that gjty
of God, that houfe eternal in the heavens.
M m 2

IfraeVs conquef of Og.

DEUTERONOMY.

Reubenites1 and Gadites11 portion.

Before Chrift
1452.

They went ftill
noi tirward on the
Cbit of Jordan.
a Num. 21. 33, &c.
ch. 29.7. cc 1.4.

b Num. 21. 34. ch. 2.
31. If. 41. 10, 14
— 16. Jofh. 1. 5.
Num. 13. 30. &
14. 8. Pf. 44- 3-
Rom. 8. 31. Prov.
si. 30.

c Num. 21. 23—25.
ch. 2. 24 — 37. Pf.
136. 19. Judg. 9.
18. 11 — 23.
d Num. 21. 35. Pf.
135. 11. & 136. iq,
20. Jofh. 12. 4. cc
13. 12, 30. Neh. 9,
ZZ.

e Num. 32. 33 — 42.
Jofh. 12. 4, 5. &
23. ri, 12, j Kin.
4-13-

f Ch. z. 34. & 20. 16
—18. Jofh. 11.14,
Num. 21. 2. Lev.
17. 28.

% Num. 31. 9, it.
ch. 20.14. &2. Is-
Jolh. 8. 27, & ji.
II. 14-

b Num. 32. 33—42.
Jolh. 12. 2--6. 8c
13- S— 12.

i Ch. 4. 48. Pf. 133.
3. ?c ui. 6. Song
4-8.

kCh.d.4g.J0fli. 13,
5— n.

1 Hijha'im, Gen. 14.
5. Amos z. 9. li.
17. S-

m 2 Sam. 23. 26. Jer.
49.2. Ezek.21. 25.
Amos I. 14.
f It was fixteen feet
ard a half long,
and fe/cn and a
kiru broad.

own earneft petition for admijfion into Canaan, weft
ward of Jordan ; iviib God's determinate refufal
thereof, only allowing him a fight of the country ;
33—29-
THEN we turned, and went up the
way to Bafhan : and a Og the king
of Bafhan came out againft us, he and"all
his people, to battle at Edrei.
2 And the Lord faid unto me, * Fear
him not : for I will deliver him, and all
his people, and his land, into thy hand;
and thou fhalt do unto him as thou didft
unto c Sihon king of the Amorites, who
dwelt at Hefhbon.
3 So the Lord our God d delivered. into
our hands Og alfo, the king of Bafhan,
and all his people : and we fmote him
until none was left to him remaining.
4 And we took e all his cities at that
time ; there was not a city which we took
not from them ; threefcore cities, all the
region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in
Bafhan. 5 All thefe cities were fenced with high
walls, gates, and bars ; befide unwalled
towns a great many.
6 And we f utterly deftroyed them, as
we did unto Sihon king of Hefhbon,
utterly deftroying the men, women, and
children, of every city.
7 g But all the cattle, and the fpoil of
the cities, we took for a prey to ourfelves.
8 And we took at that time, out of the
hand of the two kings of the Amorites,
h the land that was on this fide Jordan,
from the river of Arnon unto mount
Hermon ;
9 l (Which Hermon the Sidonians call
Sirion; and the Amorites call it Shenir;)
10 k All the cities of the plain, and all
Gilead, and all Bafhan, unto Salchah and
Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in
Bafhan. 1 1 For only Ogkingof Bafhan remained
of the remnant of ' giants : behold, his
bedftead was a bedftead of iron : is it
not in m Rabbath of the children of Am
mon ? "I" Nine cubits was the length
thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it,
after the cubit of a man.

Before Chrift
n Num. xxxii. Jofli,
13.8— 32. & 12. 6. '
8c 22.7—10. Judg,
5. 15—17- 2 Kin,
IO.33. lChr.5

r.5-»j.

0 1 Ohr. 2. 22. Num.
32. 41, 42. jolh.
13. 13.28am.10.fi.

p Num. 32. 39, 40.
Joih. 13. 29—31.
& 17. 5.
q Num. 32. 33—38.

1 2 ^[n And this land, which we poflefled
at that time, from Aroer, which is by
the river Arnon, and half mount Gilead,
and the cities thereof, gave I unto the
Reubenites and to the Gadites.
13 And the reft of Gilead, and all Ba
fhan, being the kingdom of Og^ gave I
unto the half tribe of Manafleh ; all the
region of Argob, with all Bafhan, which
was called the land of giants.
1 4 ° Jair the fon of Manafleh took all
the country of Argob unto the coafts of
Gefhuri and Maachathi ; and called them
after his own name, Bafhan-havoth-jair,
unto this. day.
1 5 p And I gave Gilead unto Machir.
1 6 q And unto the Reubenites and
unto the Gadites I gave from Gilead, even
unto the river Arnon, half the valley, and
the border even unto the r river Jabbok, r fr^Sk S"
which is the border of the children of
Ammon ;
1 7 s The plain alfo, and Jordan, and the 5 ££#£•„* s&
coaft thereof, from Chinnereth even unto \tX^\ifilc
the fea of the plain, even the fait fea,
' under Afhdoth-pifgah eaftward.
18 ^f u And I commanded you at that
time, faying, The Lord your God hath
given you this land to poflefs it : ye fhall
pafs over armed before your brethren the
children of Ifrael, all that are H meet for l|Heb'/"",^'n
the war.
1 9 But your wives, and your little ones,
and your cattle, (for I know that ye have
much cattle,) fliall abide in your cities
which I have given you;
20 Until the Lord have given reft unto
your brethren as well as unto you, and
until they alfo poflefs the land which the
Lord your God hath given tliem beyond
Jordan ; and then fhall ye x return every x ^jf *¦ mn-
man unto his pofleffion which I have
given you.
2 1 •jf And y I commanded Jofhua at that y j*™- »7- *j*j-
time, faying, Thine eyes have ieen all that
the Lord your God hath done unto thefe
two kings : fo fhall the Lord do unto all
the kingdoms whither thou pafleft. zseech.i.3o.Num.
22 Ye z fhall not fear them: for the ¦*: ftt^XS.'
Lord your God he fhall fight for you. ^-f- * »8-9

t Or under the fprings
ofPifyah, or the
bUlfitx Num. M.
20. Jofh. 12. j. &
13. 20.
u Num. 32. 20—14,
Jofh. i.i2— 18. «
4- IZ, IJ. & £2r
I— IO.

17. 36,57. 1 Tim.
4. 17, 18.2C0r.12,
8,g. PhU.4.6.

Mofes is debarred from Canaan.

CHAP. III. IV.

Mofes' folemn charge to If

act

Before Chrift
1452.

aCh. ii.2.Excd.i;,
ii. Pf. 35. 10.
2 Sam. 7. 22. Pf.
, 86. 8. & 147. 5. &
92. 5. & 89. 8. &
J45. 4. Exod. 18.
Ii. Jer. 10. 6. 8c
32. 18, 19.

bEzek.20.6. Exod.
3. 8. ch. n. 11,
12. & 8. 7—9.

cNum. 20. 12. &27.
14.Pf.1c6. 32, 33.
ch. 1. 37. & 4. 21.
d 2 Cor. 12. 8, 0.
Heb. 13. 5.

t Num. 27. 12. ch.
34.1— 4. & 4. 21,

« Or the hill.

fNum. 47.18. ch. 31.
23. 8c 1. 38. ver.
21. John 1. 17.
Heb. 7. 18, 19. &
jo. 1. Gal. 3/ 13,

t Num. 22. 1. & 25.
1. & 33. 48, 49.
ch. 34. 1, 6.

23 f And I befought the Lord at that
time, faying,
24 O Lord God, thou haft begun to
fhew thy fervant thy a greatnefs, and thy
mighty hand : for what God is there, in
heaven or in earth, that can do accord
ing to thy works, and according to thy
mio-ht ?
25 I pray thee, let me go over, and fee
b the good land that is beyond Jordan,
that goodly mountain, and Lebanon.
26 But the Lord c was wroth with
me for your fakes, and would not hear
me : and the Lord faid unto me, d Let
it fuffice thee ; fpeak no more unto me
of this matter.
27 Get e thee up into the top of § Pif-
gah, and lift up thine eyes weftward, and
northward, and fouthward, and eaftward,
and behold it with thine eyes : for thou
fhalt not go over this Jordan.
28 But f charge Jofhua, and encourage
him, and ftrengthen him :- for he fhall go
over before this people, and he fhall caufe
them to inherit the land which thou fhalt
fee. 29 So we abode in the s valley over
againft Beth-peor. CHAP IV.
Here (1) Mofes folemnly charges the Ifraelites to at
tend to God's ftatutes, and preferve his ordinances
pure and entire ; to avoid idolatry ; to inftrucct their
children in the truths and vjays of God; and never
to forget his covenant themfelves. To enforce thefe
duties, he urges the greatnefs and goodnefs of God;
their relations and obligations to him ; the wifdom of
real religion ; the ftngular glory and advantage of
their theocratical eftablijhment ; the affecling appear
ance of God upon mount Sinai ; the merciful deli-

ReflectioNs upon Chap. III.— Haughty finners fcorn to be
warned by their neighbour's fall, and dare to provoke their own
judgments, in which they perifh. But, amidft the ftrongeft ene
mies, all flavifh fears are altogether groundlefs when we have the
Lord on our fide : he kindly proportions his encouragements to
his people's fears, and the terrible appearances of their enemies.
There is no might nor counfel againft him. The race is not to
the fwift, nor the battle to the ftrong. Created force is of little
avail when God is the oppofer. He can deal with giants as with
grafshoppers. — It highly becomes thofe, who by faith have entered
into their new -covenant reft, to look not on their own thing5, but
every man alfo on the things of others ; and to labour till their bre
thren, and efpecially Zion, enjoy reft along with them. — Every
experience of God's power and kindnefs ought to be improved as
an antidote againft flavifh fears, and an encouragement to follow
God in the hardeft fervice; and every glimpfe of God's glory

Before Chrift
1452.

vcrances which God had wrought for them, and his
fiver e corretlions of. them ; the advantages their obe
dience, and the punifhment their apoftafy, would en
tail upon them; 1 — 40. (2) He appoints three
cities of refuge on the eaft of Jordan ; 41 — 43.
(3) He particularly defer ibes the place where he de
livered this repetition ofthe law; 44 — 49.
NOW therefore D hearken, O Ifrael,
unto b the ftatutes and unto the
judgments which I teach you, for to do
them, that ye may live, and go in and
poflefs c the land which the Lord God of c see Gen. 12.7.&
r r , . , B- '.5- -..'>: '8.
your fathers giveth you.
2 d Ye fhall not add unto the word
which I command you, neither fhall ye
diminifh ought from it, that ye may keep
the commandments of the Lord your
God which I command you.
3 Your eyes have feen e what the Lord
did becaufe of Baal-peor : for all the
men that followed Baal-peor, the Lord
thy God hath deftroyed them from among
you. 4 But ye that f did cleave unto
Lord your God are alive every one of
you this day.
5 Behold, I have taught you ftatutes
and judgments, even as the Lord my
God commanded me, that ye fhould do
fo in the land whither ye go to poflefs it.
6 Keep therefore and do them ; for * this H^V* -gig-
is your wifdom and your underftanding
in the fight of the nations, which fliall
hear all thefe ftatutes, and fay, Surely
this great nation is a wife and underftand-

a Lev. 19. 37. Sc 2C»
8. &Z2. 31. ch.7,
12.& 1T.13.&15.
5. &2t>. 13. &27.
9-
b Exod. xx — xxiii.
Lev. i — xxvii.
Num. v. vi. xv.
xviii. xix. Sec.

Exod. 3. 8. & iz«
25. Lev. 14. 34. Sc
23. 10. & 25. 2.
Num. 15. 2. ch. 2.
29. ver. 21, 40. Sc
11. 17, 31. &iz.i,
10. & it. 4, 7. 8c
16. 20. Sc 17. 14.
d Ch. 5. 1. Rom. 2.
13. & 10. 5. Gal.
3. 12. Lev. 18. 5.
.ch. 12. 32. Jofh. 1.
7, 8. Prov. j0. 6.
Rev. 22. iS, 19.
Mat. 15. 9. & 5.
18.
e Num. 25. r — 9.
Jolh. 22. 17. Pf.
106. 2S— 30. with
Num. 3!. 3, 7, S,
17.

fT-jo f Ch. 10. 20. & 1 3. 4.
LllC Jofh. 22. 5. &23-
8. Ruth 1. 14, 16.
Ads 11. 23. Rom.
12. 9. Ezek. 9.4,
6. IL 16. 20. Sc 3.
10. Pf. 91. 9, 10.
Job 5. 19, 29. Sc
22. 29.

119. 9819^. Prov.
I. 7. & a. 5> 7. u
2. 2, 5, 6. z-Tjin."
3. 15. Mal. 3. 12.

ing people.
7 For what nation h is there fo great,

who hath God fo nigh unto them

as

the

h 2 Sam. 7. 23. Pf.
46.1. & 145. ii. Sc
148. 14. »¦ 55- 6.
Heb. 10. 22. jam.
4. 8. If. 41. 10. &
43. 1, 2. Heb. 13,
5, 6. Rom. 8. 31.

quickens the defires after more abundant difplays of it. Thank -
fulnefs for former mercies is an excellent mean to obtain what
bleffings we need : and contentment under difappointments is a
good evidence that our prayers were not rejected, though we ob
tain not what we afk. One fingle flip in the converfation of a
faint fometimes renders his moft earneft fupplications unfuccefsfulj
for God makes his own principal favourites the moft diftinguifhed
examples of his righteous judgments. Often, for their own faults,
as well as for the punifhment of others, he removes them by death
in a wrathful -like manner, when the continuance of their life feems
to be moft neceiTary ; and yet readily he gratifies their innocent
defires, as far as his own honour permits, whenever he finds them
penitent. What a comfort is it for dying rulers, in church or ftate,
to leave the flock of God in the hands of faithful fucceffors : and
it is pleafing to fee aged faints- on their death beds encourage their
younger brethren.

Mofes9 folemn charge of Ifrael

DEUTERONOMY.

to the mof circumfpefl obedience*

Before Chrift
1452-

iPf.T9- 7— 9. &T47.
19, 20. 2 Tim. 3.
16,17. Exod. xii.
to ch. xxxi.

k Ver. 15. 23. Prov.
4.21—23. &3. 1,
3. ch.7. 18. & 8. 2.
8c 32. 7. Pf. 105. 5.
&77. II.

ISee ch, 6.7. 8c II.
19. Pf. 78. 5, 6.
Prov. 22. 6. Eph.
6. 4. Gen. 18. 19.
-If. 38. 19.
m Exod. xix. xx.
Heb. 12, 18. ch.
J-2._

B Exod. 19. 17, 18.
&20. 21.&24.17.
ch. 5. 23. Neh. 9.
13. Heb. 12. 18, 21.
« Heb. heart.

rtVer. 15, 33, 36. ch,
5. 4. Exod. 19. 18.
& 20. I— 19. &
24. 16, 17. Heb.
12. 19.
p Ver. rs- If- 40. 18,
Acts 17. 29. Exod.
20. 22, 23. John 4.
24. 1 Tim. I. 17.
& 6. 16.
4 Heb. fave a voice.
^Ch. 5.1— 22. Exod.
20. I — 17. & 24.
J2.-& 3I.I8. & 34.
28. -Neh. 9. 13, 14.

-I See ver. 1. Exod.
xxi — xxiii.

sVer.9.23. Jofh. 23.
II. Jer. 17. 21.
Mal. 2. 15.
JVer.i2,33,36.Jphn 4. 24. 1 Tim. 1.17.
&6. 16. If. 40.- 18.
Afts 17. 29.

ra Exod. 20. 4, 5. -ch.
5. 8. Rom. 1. 22,
23. Pf. 106. 19, 20.
If. 44. 9—19. &
40. 18, 19. 1'f. 115.
4-4H.Jer.lo. 3— 9,
14. Ezek. 8. jo.

Lord our God is in all things that we call
upon him for?
8 And what nation is there fo great,
that ' hath ftatutes and judgmentSj/o righ
teous as all this law which I fet before
you this day ?
9 Only take heed to thyfelf, and k keep
thy foul diligently, left thou forget the
things which thine eyes have feen, and
left they depart from thy heart all the
days of thy life : but ' teach them thy
fons, and thy fons' fons ;
10 Specially the m day that thou ftoodeft
before the Lord thy God in Horeb, when
the Lord faid unto me, Gather me the
people together, and I will make them
hear my words, that they may learn to
fear me all the days that they fhall live
upon the earth, and that they may teach
their children.
1 1 And ye n came near and ftood under
the mountain ; and the mountain burned
with fire unto the * midft of heaven, with
darknefs, clouds, and thick darknefs.
1 2 And the Lord ° fpake unto you out
of the midft of the fire : ye heard the
voice of the words, p but faw no fimili-
tude, + only ye heard a voice.
13 And he i declared unto you his
covenant, which he commanded you to
perform, even ten commandments ; and
he wrote them upon two tables of ftone.
14 And the Lord commanded me at
that time to teach you r ftatutes and judg
ments, that ye might do them in the land
whither ye go over to poflefs it.
1 5 % 6 Take ye therefore good heed
unto yourfelves ; for ye ' faw no manner
of fimilitude on the day that the Lord
fpake unto you in Horeb out of the midft
of the fire ;
1 6 Left ye u corrupt yourfelves, and
make you a graven image, the fimilitude
of any figure, the likenefs of male or
female, 1 7 The likenefs of any beaft that is on
the earth, the likenefs of any winged fowl
that flieth in the air,
18 The likenefs of , any thing that
creepeth on the' ground, the likenefs of

any fifh that is in the waters beneath the
earth : »;
1 9 And left: x thou lift up thine eyes
unto heaven, and, when thou feeft the
fun, and the moon, and the ftars, even
all the hoft of heaven, fhouldeft be driven
to worfhip them, and ferve them, which
the Lord thy God hath + divided unto
all nations under the whole heaven.
20 But the Lord hath taken you, and
brought you forth out of y the iron fur
nace, even out of -Egypt, to be unto him
a 'people of inheritance, as ye are this
day. 2 1 Furthermore, the Lord a was angry
with me for your fakes, and fware that
I fhould not go over Jordan, and that I
fhould not go in unto that good land
b which the Lord thy God giveth thee
for an inheritance :
22 But C-I muft die in this land; I muft
not go over Jordan : but ye fhall go over,
and poflefs that good land.
23 Take dheed unto yourfelves, left ye
forget the covenant of the Lord your
God which he made with you, and make
you a . graven image, or the likenefs of
any thing which the Lord thy God hath
forbidden thee.
24 For e the Lord thy God is a con-
fuming fire, even a jealous God.
25 ^"When thou f fhalt beget children,
and children's children, and ye fhall have
remained long in the land, and fhall cor
rupt yourfelves, and make a graven image,
or the likenefs of any thing, and fhall do
evil in the fight of the Lord thy God,
to provoke him to anger :
26 I g call heaven and earth to witnefs
againft you this day, that b ye fhall foon
utterly .perifh from off the land where
unto ye go over Jordan to poflefs it : ye
fhall not prolong your days upon it, but
fhall utterly be deftroyed.
27 And the Lord fhall "l fcatter you
among the nations, and ye fhall be left
few in number among the heathen, whi
ther the Lord fhall lead you.
28 And there kye fhall ferve gods, the
work of men's hands, wood and. ftone,

Before Chrift
145^.

x Ch. 17. 3. 2 Kin.
21. 3. & 17. ifj.
Amos 5. 25, 26. -
Job3i. z6, 27. Jw.

X Or imparted.

y 1 Kin. 8. 51; Jer.
11. 4. Exod. 1 3'. 14,
&i. i(,i4.Pf,8T.
6. &68. 13. i.e. '
cruel bondage.
zCh.9.26,29.&32. 9. Exod. ig. 5, 6*
ch'. 7. 6. Sc 14; -2.
Pf. 28. 9."& 33.12.
& 135. 4. lit. 2.
14- 1 iJet. 2, 9.
Gen. 17.7.
a Ch. 1. 37. Sc j. 26*
&31.2. Num.20.'
12-&27. 13; 14.
Pf. 106. 32, 33.

b See ver. i. Gen.
17.8.

c iPej. 1. 13—15.
Num. 14. 30.
Amos 3. 2. Heb» .
12. 6—10.

dVer. 9, 15— ig.Pf.
59. 11. & 103. 2.
Exod. 19. 8. & 20.
4. 2-3- & 3+ 13—
17. & 32. 8. Lev.
19. 4. ch. 5. 7, 8.
Sc 6. 12— 14. &7.
5,6,25. & 12. i-i
4. xui. & 17.1— 7.

c Ch. 9. 3. & 5. 9 Sc
32. 22. Pf. 21. 9,
10. & 78. 21. If,
33. 14. &27-4. &
42. 8. Jer. 21. 12,
14. Zeph. I. 18.
Nah. 1.2. Heb.12.
29. Exod. *o. 5. Se
34-7.
fCh. 31. 16— 18. &
32. 14—21. Judg.
2. 8—15. 2 Kin.
17. 7 — 23. Neh. 9.
26. Ezek. 16. 15—
43- &20. 28,31.
xxiii.

g Ch. 30. 18, 19. &
31.28. &J2.1. K
1. 2. Jer. 2. 12! Sc
6. 19. Sc 22. 29.
Ezek. 36. 4. Mic.
6.. 1, 2.
h See Lev. 26. 14—
39. ch. 8.19. & 28*
15—68. & 29. 18
—28. & 30. 19. Se
31. 16, 17- & 3*«
19—16. 2 Kin.
xvii. xxiv. xxv.
iCh.28.64.Lev.t6i 33. Neh. j. 8.
Luke 21. 24.

kCh. 28. 36, 64. Jer.
16. 13* A6l$7, 42,
1 Sam. 20. 19. '¦

Solemn charge to obedience.

CHAP. IV.

Three cities of refuge dppointedi

Before^ which i neither fee, nor hear, nor eat,
4-7- 8c nor fmell.

ll-;. 115 .
<3S- 15— '7- Jer.
10.3 — 9.11.45.20.
&4G.7. &44. 9. —
19. 8c 40. 19.
m Ch. 30.

111. 5.
2 Km. 13. 23. If.
54. 10 .& 49.15, 16.

29 But mif from thence thou fhalt feek
the Lord thy God, thou flialt find him,
2Chr'°i5!is.Neh. if thou feek him with all thy heart and
j. 9. Jer. 29. 12. J
^ech^l:'4' with all thy foul.
Mafk7iJ'4-" 30 When " thou art in tribulation, and
n iKinfs. l$f?il. a^ thefe things U are come upon thee,
Gen. ,7.7- Zech. ^^ ^ ^ 1^^ fa^ Jf ^^ ^^ tQ ^
11 Hrt. .have Mnd Lord thy God, and fhalt be obedient
unto his voice ;
0ES:S: 31 (For °the LoRD thy God " a mer_
^sVi-fisis. Qiful God;") he p will not forfake thee,
8. & 130. 7. 4 ' / 7
p Lev. 26. 40-45. neither deftroy thee, nor forget the cove-
2.' ji-4T. jkm. nant of thy fathers which he fware unto
them. 22 % For 1 afk now of the days that are
q Job*. 9. p,. 44.1, ;? 1 • 1 , r 1 r 1
4-izI.'&78."3^o: Pa^> which were before thee, fince the
day that God created man upon the earth,
'^ftaricT^' and afk from fhe r one fide of heaven
unto the other, whether there hath been
any fuch thing as this great thing is, or
hath been heard like it ?
' »?ch"'.S:*Jl: 33 Did ever people s hear the voice of
God fpeaking out of the midft of the fire,
as thou haft heard, and live ?
34 Or hath God eflayed to go and take
'^'Zo^Ex??:,: him a nation from the midft oi another
%it,z-,biffffic nation, by 'temptations, by figns, and by
t^%^i\fi wonders, and by war, and by a mighty
&&l'johi~4: hand, and by a ftretched-out arm, and
foTn.'jer.sVJ,' by great terrors, according to all that the
21. Ezek. 20.9,10. ./O 7 O
Aas7.36.1sam. lord your God did for you in Egypt

Before Chrift
1452.

(pr. 83.18. & 58.11. before your eyes ?
' If. 45. 5. Mark 12. T* * _ ~ - -
25 Unto thee it was fhewed, that thou
mighteft u know that the Lord he is
* £**¦£.'£ 2416, God; there is none elfe befide him.
17. Nei1-9.13.Heb. *
,2. * fee ver. ,2, ^6 x Out of heaven he made thee to
y ch.7. 7, 8. Exod. hear his voice, that he might inftru£l
It.. IT. iV 1. f.— ... * O
thee: and upon earth he fhewed thee his
pr. 10c. 6-72?24 great fire ; and thou heardeft his words
it-It. vct'?;. ' out °f the midft of the fire.
ir._6,.7-i3.'£5i. ^ And ^ becaufe he loved thy fathers,
2Ch.7.i.&9.i,2. therefore he chofe their feed after them,
f.xoa. 33. 27 — 31. 7
SilJii'/vKxi. and brought thee out in his fight with
&6lfi2. &7«o"; his mighty power out of Egypt ;

29, 32. ch. 32. 39.
fee Exod. 18.
2 Sam. 7. 22.

32. 13. & 3.-6 — 8.
zChr. 16. 9.
Exod. vii — xiv.
Ezek. 20. 5—22.

9. & 105. 44. Sc
136. 21, 22. Neh
9- H> *5 ¦

38 z To drive out nations from before

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — Blind and hardened indeed
are the hearts of men, which nee ' fuch earneft and repeated incul
cation of the plaineft duties. And greatly important are the fta-

therefore his bL^^\'il±

c See ver. i; Gen,

thee greater and mightier than thou art,
to bring thee in, to give thee their land "
for an inheritance, as it is this day.
39 a Know therefore this day, and 'ff-^f^
confider it in thine heart, that the Lord »• *•**«¦**
he is God in heaven above, and upon the
earth beneath; there is none elfe
40 Thou fhak b keep
ftatutes, and his commandments, which tff^zlilf
I command thee this day, that it may go ^f}t4^:
well with thee, and with thy children Heo.u'^bfic'or.
after thee ; and that thou mayeft prolong
thy days upon the earth, c which the "i?!™
Lord thy God giveth thee, for ever.
41 % Then Mofes d fevered three cities d S!g.!I£i&.
on this fide Jordan toward the fun-rifing ;
42 That the flayer might flee thither
who fhould kill his neighbour unawares,
and hated him not in times paft ; and
that fleeing unto one of thefe cities he
might live :
43 Namely, * Bezer in the wildernefs, c *" ^f\^f-
in the plain country of the Reubenites ;
and f Ramoth in Gilead, of the Gadites.; {f^t *&
and Golan in Bafhan, oftheManaffif.es. 8'*' 9'1'1'"
44 ^[ And this. is the law which Mofes
fet before the children of Ifrael :
45 Thefe are the * teftimonies, and %,\\±Zf£\\
the ftatutes, and the judgments, which jiTi??34'Num'
Mofes fpake unto. the children of Ifrael
after they came forth out of Egypt,
46 On h this fide Jordan, in the valley * £™; %:&%%
over againft Beth-peor, in the land of the '^' Me one1,
Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt
at Hefhbon, whom Mofes and the chil
dren of Ifrael ' fmote after they were iN,™;^I,1f|;ch-
come forth out of Egypt :
47 And they poffeffed his land, and the
land k of Og king of Bafhan, two kings kN«m.M.j3.cn.j.
V I • 1 1 • I— 14. 8c 29. 7, b'.
of the Amorites, which were on this fide &V?:Tr?eh.
Jordan toward the fun-rifing; %?}6%',z%."'
48 1 From Aroer, which is by the bank ' w-£- ,6- Num-
of the river Arnon, even unto mount
m Sion, which is Hermon ; mch.3.9.pr.i3j.^.
49 And all the plain on this fide Jordan
eaftward, even unto the fea of the plain,
under the n fprings of Pifgah.

n Seech. 3. 10,17. &
34. 1. Jofh. 13.20.

tutes and teftimonies of God, which are worthy of all thefe enforce
ments. Oh with what folemnity and fervour ought minifters then
to preach the truths of God! His glory, and the eternal' falvation

Rehearfal ofthe covenant with, and

DEUTERONOMY.

laws given io, the Ifraelites,

Before Chrift
1452.

a Ver. %%. eh. 29. to.
&31.1. Exod.zo.
59. Jofh. 23. 2. Sc
24. 1.
b Sec ch. 4. 1.

•Heb, hep to de them.
c Exod. 19. 5, 6. Sc
24. 8. ch. 4. 23.

ai Gen. 17. 7—14* ch.
ag. 10—15. Gal. 3
17, 21. Heb. 8. 9
Pf. 105. 8, 10. Jer,
50.5.

eExod. 20. 22.&33>
it. & 19. 9, 19.
Num. 12. 8. ch, 4.
T2, 15, 337 3<5* ,_
Neh.9.13,14. Heb.
12. 181 19. ver. 24
—26, 22.
f Exod. 20.18, T9,2T.
Sc 19. 16. Gal. 3.
19. Heb. 12. 18—
11. ver. 24—27.

% Exod. 20. 2, &c.
Lev. 26- 1. ch. 6.
4. Pf. 81. io-
t Heb. fervants,
h Exod. 20. 3. I John
5.21. Mat. 4. 10.

i Exod. 20. 4—6.
Lev. 26, 1.

CHAP. V.
Hnv ( 1 ) Mofes reprefents that the ten commandments,
publifhed at Horeb, were given to this prefent gene
ration in the form of, and as the rule in, a covenant
between God and Ifrael; 1—5. (2) He repeats
thefe commandments themfelves, fiubjoining fome new
enforcements to the fourth and fifth ; and reminds
them that they were delivered both by the word
and the writing of God; 6 — 22. (3) He reminds
them how, upon their requeft, God gracioufly fettled
an amicable correfpondence with them, through his
mediation and ' miniftry ; 23,— 31. (4) From the
whole he infers what deep obligations thiy were under
to the moft exacl obedience ; 32, 33.
AND Mofes called a«all Ifrael, and faid
unto them, bHear, O Ifrael, the
ftatutes and judgments which I fpeak
in your ears this day, that ye may learn
them, and * keep and do them.
2 c The Lord our God made a cove
nant with us in Horeb.
3 The Lord d made not this cove
nant with our fathers, but with us,
even us, who are all of us here alive this
day. -
4 e The Lord, talked with you face to
face in the mo'unt out of the midft of the
fire; 5 (I ftood f between the Lord and you
at that time, to fhew you the word of the
Lord : for ye were afraid by reafon of
the fire, and went not up into the
mount;) faying,
6 % s I am the Lord thy: God, who
brought thee out of the land of Egypt,
from the houfe of + bondage.
7 h Thou fhalt have none other gods
before me.
8 ' Thou fhalt not make thee any
graven image, or any likenefs of 'any ¦ thing
that is in heaven above, or that is in the
earth beneath, or that is in the waters
beneath the earth.
9 Thou fhalt not bow down thy felf unto

them, nor ferve them : k for I the Lord
thy God am a jealous God, vifiting the
iniquity of the fathers upon the children
unto the third and fourth generation of
them that hate me,
10 l And fhewing mercy unto thou
fands of them that love me and keep my
commandments. 1 1 m Thou fhalt not take the name of
the Lord thy God in vain : for the Lord
will not hold him guiltlefs that taketh his
name in vain.
1 2 n Keep the fabbath-day to fan£lify
it, as the Lord thy God hath commanded
thee. 1 3 Six days thou fhalt labour and do
all thy work :
1 4 But the feventh day is the ,° fabbath
of the Lord thy God : in it thou fhalt
not do any work, thou, nor thy fon, tior
thy daughter, nor thy man-fervant, nor
thy maid-fervant, nor thine ox, nor
thine afs, nor any of thy cattle, nor p thy
ftranger that is within thy gates ; that
thy man-fervant and thy maid-fervant
may reft as well as thou.
15 And * remember that thou waft a
fervant in the land of Egypt, and that
the Lord thy God brought thee out
thence through a mighty hand and by a
ftretched-out arm: therefore the Lord
thy God commanded thee to keep the
fabbath-day. 1 6 % r Honour thy father and thy
mother, as the Lord thy God hath com
manded thee, s that thy days may be
prolonged, and that it may go well with
thee in the land which the Lord thy God
giveth thee.
1 7 c Thou flialt not kill.
18 Neither flialt thou commit adul
tery.

or ruin of mankind, are deeply concerned in them. Let me receive
every article of their divine meflage with the deepeft awe and the
moft folemn regard : and, while I have an ear to hear, let me hear
what the Spirit faith to the churches as faid to myfelf. Let me
walk in all the commandments of the Lord blamelefs. Let every
carnal reprefentation of the true God, every deviation to idols, be
the deteftation of my foul. And, remembering God's covenant
with me and relation to me, let me exert all my care and fkill in
raifing up a feed to the honour of Jefus Chrift, my elder brother.

Before Chrift
'45'-
k Exod. 31.7.& 20,
5. Nah. 1.2. ch.4,
24. Heb. 12. 29.

ljer. 32.18. John
15. ver. 31. ¦
8. 2. 8c 28. 1.
Lev. 26. I— 13.

in lA

m Exod. 20. 7. ch. 6.
13. Jer. 4. 2. Jam.
5. 12. Mat. 5., 33,
Lev. 19. 12.

n Exod. 20. 8— ir.
& 16. 23—26. &
31. 13—17- & 35-
2.1f58.,j.&s6,
6. Mat. 24. 20.

0 Gen. z. z. Heb. 4.
4. Neh. 13. 15.
t Lev. 25. 44. If. 58.
13. Exod. 16. 29,
31.&35.2. 8c it.
I4-I7.

p See Exod. 12. 49.
Lev. 19. 34. Num.
15.15,16,20,30.

q Ch. 15. 15. & 16.
12. 8c 24. 18, 22.
Exod. i — xiv. If.
63. 9. Luke 1. 74,
75. Pf. 116. 16.
2 Cor. 5. 14, 15.

r Eph. S. 1, 2. Exod.
20. 12. ch. 27. 16.
Lev. 19. 3, 32.
Mar. 19. 19. Col.
3. 20.
9 Seech. 4. 1,40. 8c
6.2, 3. & 8.1. &
II. 8, 9.

t See Exod. 20. I}—
17. Mat. 5. 21. 8c
7. 12. & 19. 18.
Rom. 13. 9. Jam.
2. II. Gal. 5.
14. Eph. 4. 31,32.
&0.3-5.

Let every manifeftation of God's character or providence encou- •
rage and animate me to clofe walking with him. And, if I choofe
not that fin fhould become my punifhment, let me never make it
my pleafure. But let the immutability of God's love, and his
readlnefs to fliew mercy to returning prodigals, lead me to a fpeedy
and a hearty repentance for fin. And, recollecting the manifold, the
diftinguifhing, manifeftations of God to me and to his people, let
me never forget my fuperior obligations ; but, while I enjoy hi*
peculiar bleffing, return him peculiar Honour. '

Holy obedience is recommended,

CHAP. V. VI.

and its advantages exhibited.

Before Chrift
1452.

19 Neither fhalt thou Ileal.
20 Neither fhalt thou bear falfe witnefs
againft thy neighbour.
" £"s" h\"?i°. 2 1 u Neither fhalt thou defire thy neigh -
feoM™' hour's wife : neither fhalt thou covet thy
neighbour's houfe, his field, or his
man-fervant, or his maid-fervant, his
ox, or his afs, or any thing that is thy
neighbour's.
*36h'Eiodri9.'iV,' 22 IF i Thefe words the Lord fpake
S'b.^i&if unto all vour aflembly in the mount out
fee ver. 4, 24,*. Qf ^ ^fl. Qf ^ fi^ q{ ^ ^^
and of the thick darknefs, with a great
voice ; and he added no more. And he
y Exod. 31. is. & y wrote them in two tables of ftone, and
delivered them unto me.
z\te,.'£fl-%: 23 And it came to pafs, z when ye
heard the voice out of the midft of the
darknefs, (for the mountain did burn
with fire,) that ye came near unto me,
*S.'i;,25Exod' even all the a heads of your tribes, and
your elders :
24 And ye faid, Behold, the Lord our
God hath fhewed us his glory, and his
*+£%£& greatnefs, and b we have heard his voice
a^cfjig.,1!: out ofthe midft of the fire : we have feen
cen.32.3o:iJ' this day that God doth talk with man,
and he liveth.
25 Now therefore why fhould we die ?
'^V'.'b^'o.5' c for this great -fire will confume us : if
Exod. 19.18. &20. +, , . r , T >~, -,
is, i9. &24.17. we +bear the voice ofthe .Lord our Caod
tHeb.^,.w. any morej then we ^^ die_
d cen. 6. 12. ir. 40. 26 For d who is there of all flefh, that
Jerfio^ri'" ^am heard the voice of the living God
v«. 24, 25. fpeaking out of the midft of the fire, as
TS8*'6'' we have' and lived ?
johni^£&|. 27 Go e thou near, and hear all that
li^f^'lit1 t^e Lord our God fliall fay : and fpeak

Before Chrift
'1452.

thou unto us all that the Lord our God _
fhall fpeak unto thee; and we will hear
it, and do //.
28 And the Lord heard the voice of
your words when ye fpake unto me-; and
the Lord faid unto me, I have heard the
voice of the words of this people which
_ -i f 1 l_ f Ch. 18. 17. Num.
they have fpoken unto thee : ' they have 27.7.&36.5.
well faid all that they have fpoken.
. J ¦ r i 1 .. ' E Ch. 32. 29. & 4. 9.
29 s O that there were fuch an heart in k. ». n.u. g.
them, that they would fear me, and keep %*\%t^ff
all my commandments always, that it *5,&I3'
might be well with them, and with their
children for ever !
30 Go fay to them, Get you into your
tents again.
31 But as for thee, ftand thou here by
me, and I will h fpeak unto thee all the bl2±£i*hl
commandments, and the ftatutes, and
the^ judgments, which thou fhalt teach
them, that they may do them in the land
which I gave them to poflefs it.
22 Ye ' fhall obferve to do therefore as lC£5I,lo.3&..4»:
J ^ , 1 Oi 17- IT, 23. OC
14. Jofh. 1. 7.

16.
. — :v.
Num. i.
iii — vi. viii. ix.
xv. xviii. xix.
xxviii. xxix. Sec.

the Lord your God hath commanded g

Prov. 4. 27

kP'. 119. 6. Lnket.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Sinful men muft have God's
will declared to them, line upon line, precept upon precept. But
the covenant of grace 'made with Jefus Chrift is the great founda
tion of ail our holy obedience : and there can be no happy cove
nant of duty between God and a foul but through his mediation.
Public covenants of duty between God and parents bind the chil
dren to all generations ; and it is at their peril if they become
afhamed of them. But all obedience to God's law muft be imme
diately founded on what God is, and is to us, and hath done for us.
And Dh what great pleafure God takes in granting himfelf to be
our God in Chrift ! Often he repeats this grant even in the fhort
abridgment of his law ; and many hundred times in the Bible ;
that wherever we read, hear, or meditate, we may be conftrained
to believe that he is God, even our own God, by his new covenant
Vol, I.

you : ye fhall not turn afide to the right
hand or to the left.
22 Ye fhall k walk in all the ways '$*%££„
which the Lord your God hath com- s?CI\.'a!l"z,\t
manded you, that ye may live, and that
it may be well with you, and that ye may
prolong your days in the land which ye
fhall poflefs. CHAP. VI.
Here (i) Mofes inculcates obedience to God's laiv
from the advantage of it to the prefent and fucceeding i
generations; I — 3, if — 19- (2) He warmly in
culcates a ftritl attention to the principal duties of
religion ; fuch as faith in God the only true God,
and a fuperlative love to him, a mindfulnefs of him

grant of himfelf to us. Indeed every peculiar circumftance which
men can be in hath its own peculiar enforcements of duty to God
and our neighbour. In what a folemn manner was Gqd's law de
livered! and it is a mercy that we have his word written for us,
for the greater certainty and the better fpreading thereof. But it
is ftill a greater mercv that we have one Mediator between God
and men, the man Chrift Jefus ; and fo receive the law as fulfilled
in Chrift. And it is moft acceptable to God when finful men,
terrified by the holy law, kindly flee to Jefus and his mediation ;
when our hearts are right with him; and efpecially when the views
of his covenant, his law, and the mediation of Chrift, and our own
vows, concur in animating us to the greateft cx.iclnds in all holy
obedience. N n

Before Chrift'
"1452.

Infrutlion of children, fear of God, DEUTERONOMY. and univerfal obedience, inculcafedi,
olive-trees, which thou plantedft not; ,'*"1\^"t
m when thou fhalt have eaten and be full ; m cu. ». 10-18. &
12 Then beware left thou forget the. ]'fjfJ°iff0^-
O - 44.10, dc 106. 2r.
Lord, who brought thee forth out. of ,;:'££' ^r;
the land of Egypt, from the houfe of I3;6'
+ bondage.

a Ch. 4. 1.40, 45. &
5- 31- L?'- *7- 34-
Num. 36. 13.

* Heb. pafs over.
b Ch. 10. 12, 20. 8c
134. Sc 4. i,2,c,
40. 8c 5.16, 33. Pi.
III. 10. Prov. 16.
6. Mat. 4. 10. If.
7.9.13. Gen. 18.19.
Pf. 78. 4—8.

c Ch. 5. 16. & 22. 7.
Prov. 3. 2. iPec.
3. 10. 1 Tim. 4. 8,
Pf. 34. 15.
dCh-. 4.1, 5-, 6,40. &
5. 33. cc o. 1. Gen.
12. 2. & 15. 5. &
22. 17. & 26. 4. 8c
28, 14. 2 Sam. 24.
9. a Chr. 17. 14 —
18.

« I Cor. 8. 6. Mark
12. 29. Jer. 10 6—
1 1. If. 42. 8. &45.
22. 1 John 5, 20.
John 17. 3.
f Ch.10. 12. Mat. 22,
3.7. Mark 12. 30.-.
Luke 10. 27.
I Tim. 1. 5.

g Ch. 11. 18. Pf. 37.
31. &40. 8. Prov.
. J-3-&7-3- If. si.
7. 2 Cor. f. 3. Pf.
119. n.
fcCh. 4.9. &11.19.
Prov. 6.22, 23. &
22. 6. Afts S>. 28.
Pr.78. 4— 8. Gen.
18. 19. If. 38. 19.
Exod. 12. 20, 27.
& 13. 8, 14, 15.
ver. 2G— 25.
f Heb. whet, or
fharpcn.

> Exod. 13. 9, ifj;
Num. 15. 39, 40.
Ytov.-s.-i.8c6.zs.
8c-]. 3. ch. 11. 18.

k Ch. 11. 20. If. 30.
8. Kxorl. 12. 7.
Hab. 2. 2.

fcGen. 12. 7. & 13.
17. &26. 3. &28,
13. Exod. 3 8. cr„
K. 7 — 9. 8c is. 10

— 12.- 8c 26. 3, 9.
& 32. 13, 14. Jolh.
24. 13. Neh.

Pf. 105. 44,
.£78.55.
J3S- «, 12. &

H-
78. 55. &

136.21,22. & 80.
t— re. & <¦€. 12.

e-wrc amidft profperity, a filial fear of him, aferving,
of him, and fwearing by him alone, a care not to
tempt him; 4,5, 10— >-l6. (3) He.prfcribes p'to-'
per means for maintaining true religion in their hearts
and families; viz. frequent reading, and. meditation
upon God's word, pious conference, and careful in
fer uclion of children; 2, 6 — 9, 20 — 25.
OW thefe are the a commandments,
the. ftatutes,. and the judgments,
which. the Lord your . God? commanded
to teach you, that ye might do them in
the land whither ye * go to poflefs it:
2 That thou mighteft b fear the Lord
thy God, to keep all his ftatutes and his.
commandments, which I command thee.;
thou, and thy fon, and thy .fon's fon, -all
the days of thy life; and that/ thy days
may be prolonged.:
2 ¦% d Hear therefore^ O .Ifrael, and
obferve to do it, that it may be well- with
thee, and that ye may increafe mightily,
as the Lord God of thy fathers hath
promifed thee, in the land that floweth
with milk and honey.
4 Hear, O Ifrael ; e The Lord our God
is one Lord :
5 f And thou fhalt love the Lord thy
God with, all thine heart, and with all
thy foul, and with all- thy might.
6 And s thefe words, which I command
thee this day, fliall be in thine heart :
7 And thou h fhalt J teach them dili
gently unto thy children, and flialt talk
of them when thou fitteft in thine houfe,
and when thou walkeft by the way, and
when thou lieft down, and when thou
rifeft up.
8 And thou ' fhalt bind them for a fign
upon thine hand, and they fhall be as
frontlets between thine eyes.
9 And thou fhalt k write them upon the
pofts of thy houfe, and on thy gates.
10 And it fhall be, when the Lord
thy God ' fhall have brought thee into the
land which he fware unto thy fathers, to
Abraham, to Ifaac, and to Jacob, to give
thee great and goodly cities, which thou
buildeft not,
1 1 And houfes full of all good things,
which thou filledft not, and wells digged,
which thou diggedft not, vineyards and

t Heb. bondmen, or
jervanti.
1 ar Thou "fhalt fear the Lord thy n=ce^. Ch.,o.
Jl ./ 12, 20. 6c 13. a,
God, and ferve. him, and. flialt fwear by> flkZuk.
, • 4S- 23. & 65. 16.
his name. - fi^^s-y-^'
14. Ye ° fhall !not go. after other gods, olZ^'2^
of the gods, of the people which are round &'£#$!"•,
. ° r r 8c 7, c, 25, & 8, 19.
• xii. 8c 17. 1—7, 8c
32. 15—21. 1 John
5-21.

about you
1 c PfFor th.e.LoRD thy God is a jealous
^1 -i \ 1 n 1 ' r ..1 P See-Exod. 20. 5.
God among- you) left the anger of the ch.4 24&7,4>
o J y ¦ n 1 25, 26. & 8.iq, 20.
Lord thy .God be kindled againft thee,
and deftroy thee from off the face of the
earth. . . -
- 'i 6. 1 Ye fhall not tempt the Lord your-q ^|&
God,: as ye tempted him in Maflah.
iff Ye r fhall diligehtly^keep the com
mandments-'of the Lord your God, and- \Vzz,% 8cff
j •' -7 32. If. 8. 20. Mat
his teftimonies, and his ftatutes, which f^Tzflt"

25,26. & 8.19,20!
« 32. zi—zi.

Exod.
urn. 20.
¦ 4- Pf-
95. 9. 1 Cor. 10. 9.

I, 2, 9, 40,
5- 31, 33- &

he hath commanded thee. I ufttttfsf

1 8 And 5 thou fhalt do that which is

14. I Sam. 15. 22.

Rom. 12. 2. Pf. 19.
11. If. 3. 10. 8c 1.
19. ch. 4. 1, 2. 8c
5. 33. ver. 2, 3, 10.

sCh. 8.12, 25. Exod,
right and good in the fight of the Lord ;
that it may be well with thee, and that
thou mayeft go- in and poflefs the good
land which the Lord fware unto thy
fathers, 19 To c caft out all thine enemies from '^.Num3^!:
before thee, as the Lord hath fpoken. dlt.s\]fil.7ti.°j.
A ZO — 24. Pf. 44.2, J
20 % And u when thy fon afketh thee -uExod..2.26.&,;.
II - ¦ r TTTl 14. PI. 44. I. & 78.
11 in time to come, faying, What mean 5, 6. EPh. & 4-
in Prov. 22. 6. If. 38.
the teftimonies, and the ftatutes, and the '» ¦vcr-?-
judgments, which the Lord our God"
hath commanded you ?
2 1 Then thou fhalt fay unto thy fon,
xWe were Pharaoh's bondmen in Egypt;
and the Lord brought us out of Egypt f^^1"
with a mighty hand :
22 And the Lord fhewed figns and
wonders, great and § fore, upon Egypt, *Heb'I"v'
upon Pharaoh, and upon all his houfe
hold, y before our eyes :
23 And he brought us out from thence,
that * he might bring is in, to give us "T,?^'^
the land which he fware unto our fa- s-'™-.io,'i,.
a Ver. 1.17, 18. Job

x Ch.26.5— 9. Exod,
i. ii. v — xiv. Pf. -
105.25— 38. £78. 8
10—
21. Neh. 9. 9, 10.
Jer. 32. 20, 21. fee
ch. 4. 34.

yPf.9I.8..&58.I». Exod. 6. 6, 7.

thers.

35. 8. Prov. Q.J2.
Rom. 6. 18,22. If.

24 And the "Lord commanded us to i.io.pt.l9.ii.'
~ Mat. 6. ?!¦ 1 t-or,
do-all thefe ftatutes, to fear the Lord ¥&\7t +

No connexion to be made

C H A P. VII.

with the idolatrous Canaanites.

Before Chrift
1452.

t Lev, 18. 5. Ezek.
20. 11. Mat. 19.
17. Rom. 10. 5, 6.
Cal. 3. 12. Jam. 2.
10. or Pf. 119. 6.
I Cor. 15. 58.
• »Tun. 4. 7, 8.

1. 15. 2.
.. Gen. 15

1 See Hum
¦ch. 31. 2. Gen. 15,
¦ 28 — 11. Exod. 23.
27—31. & 34. 11,
24. Afts 13. 7. Pf.
44. 3. & 78. 55. &
136. 18—22. 8c,
135. 11,12. &105.
44. ch.9. 1—3. 8c
11. 23 — .15. ver.
20— 24.

b Ver. 16, 23, 24. ch.
20. 16, 17. Exod.
22. 20. & 23. 32,
33. & 34. 12 — 16.
Num. 33. 53, 55.
Jolh. 6. 17. &S.
24. & 10. 28, 40.
8c 1 1 . it, 12. with
6. 25. & 9. 15.
Judg. I. 24. PI.
J06. 34.
cjudg. 3. 6, 7. 8c 14.
2, 3. Ezra 9. 1, 2.
Neh. 13. ,.3, 25;
z Cor. 6. 14. fee
Gen. 6. 2.

t Exod. 34. 15, 16.
Neh. 13. 26. 1 Kin.
¦n. 2, 4, 9.
e-Exod. 20. 5. Judg.
2. 11—20. & 3. 7,
8. & 10. 6, 7. ch.
32. 15—27. & 6.
J5.&4.24 — 26.&
S. 19. & 30. 17, 18.
8c 29. 18 — 27. 8c
31. 16—18.

our God for our good always, that he might
preferve us alive, as it is at this day.
25 And b it fhall be our righteoufnefs
if we obferve to do all thefe command
ments before the Lord our God, as he
hath commanded us.
CHAP. VII.
Here, befides general exhortations to obedience to God's
law, (ll, 12), Mofes (i) Particularly charges the
Ifraelites to avoid communion with idolaters. — * They
muft utterly deftroy the feven devoted nations of Ca-
... naanites, and make no leagues or marriages with
them ; i< — 4, 16, 24. — a They muft deftroy all their
altars and images; and not fo much as take the metal
thereof to their own ufe; 5, 25," 26. (2) He en
forces thefe charges * From God's gracious choice of
the Ifiraelites to be his peculiar people; 6 — 8. a His
readinefis to' reward their obedience,, and revenge their
difiobedienc.e-; 9,10. 3 His promifes to blefs them if
they ferved him faithfully ; and to drive out the Ca
naanites from before them if they earnefllfi'attempfed
it; "12 — 15, 1 7^-24.. "*'
"HEN ,thje ''Lord, thy God fhall
brings thee into the la-rid "'whither
.thou, goeft to poflefs it," and hath caft out
many nations -before thee, the. Hjttites,
and the Girgafhites, and the Amorites,
and the Canaanites, , and the Perizzites,
and the Hivites, and the Jebufites ; feven
nations greater and mightier than thou ;
2 And when the Lord thy God b fhall
deliver them before thee ; thou fhalt fmite
them, and utterly deftroy them ; thou
fhalt make no covenant with them, nor
fhew mercy unto them :
3 Neither c fhalt thou make marriages
with them ; thy daughter thou fhalt not
give unto his fon, not his daughter fhalt
thou take unto thy fon.
4. For they d will turn away thy fon
from following me, that they may ferve
other gods : e fo will the anger of the
Lord be kindled againft you, and deftroy
thee fuddenly.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — Godlinefs is profitable for
all things — it hath the promifes of this life and of that which is to
come ! and unbounded is the happinefs of all thofe who have the
one only God for their all and-in all. But in the important bufinefs
of religion it is neceffary to lay a good foundation, by faith in God
as our God, and to attend to the various duties thereof according to
the degree of their importance. In this refpect the word of God
is a moft precious treafure and ufeful inftrucSor ; and contains the
moft extenfive ground of holy meditation and heavenly difcourfe.
With awful reverence fhould God be regarded and enjoyed, par-

5 But thus fhall ye deal with them;
fye fliall deftroy their altars, and break p .,,.,,.

Before Chrift
'I452.

down their * images, and cut down their Im^^-V^'.
groves, and burn their graven images
with fire.

6,14. Num. 33, 52.
ver. 25.
* Heb. ftatues, or
pillars.

r2-
. Be
p. 9. Pf. 135. 4.
lxcd.19.-5, 6. Jer.
2. 3- I Pet. 2. 9.
Amos 3. a. Til. :
M- 1 Cor.
20.

«~or. 6. 19,

h Rom. b. 11— 1?,
18, 2t:&ij. 5.
1 John 3. 1. Sc 4.
10. Pf. 115. 1.

i"Ch. 4-37- & 9-4* *¦
3c 10. 15. 1 Sam.
iz. 22,. 2Sam. 2,2.
20. IV.44.3. Zeph.
3. 17. Mat. 11 26.

6 ^[s For thou art an holy people unto 8S#£&#.
the Lord thy God : the Lo'Rd thy God
hath chofen thee to be a fpecial people
unto; himfelf, above all people that are
upon the face of the earth.
7 The Lord h did not fet his love upon
you, norvchoofe you, becaufe ye were"
more in number than any people; for ye
Were the; feweft of all people :
. . . 8 But i becaufe the Lord loved you,
and becaufe he would k keep the oath
which he had fworn unto your fathers, *¦*>«>*¦ 32.13. Heb.
1 T 1 . , 6. 17, 18. PI". 105.
hath the Lord brought you out with a ^yj^^",,.
mighty hand, and redeemed you out of f^-4-&l8->*
the houfe of 'bond-men, from the hand
of -Pharaoh king of Egypt.
9 .^f Know therefore that the Lord
thy God he is God, the l faithful God,
who keepeth covenant ra and mercy with
them that love him and keep his com
mandments to a thoufand generations ;
1 o And n repayeth them that hate him
to their face, to deftroy them : he will not
be flack, to him that hateth him, he will
repay him to his face:
11 Thou flialt therefore ° keep the
commandments, and the ftatutes, and
the judgments, which I command thee
this day, to. do them.
12 *[[ Wherefore it fhall come to pafs,
+ p if ye hearken to thefe judgments, and
keep and do them, that the Lord thy
God fhall keep unto thee the covenant
and the mercy which he fware unto thy
fathers :
1 3 And he q will love thee, and blefs

1 If. 49. 7. I Cor. T.
9. &10. 13. -j Cor.
I. 18. IThef. 5.
24. 2Thef. 3. 3.
2 Tim. 2. 13, Heb.
II. II. Sc 10. 23.
I John 1. 9, Tit.

mNeh. 1.5. Dan. 9.
4. ch. 5. 10. Exod.
20. 6. Gen. 17. 7.
Pf. 105. 8,' 10.
n Ch. 32. 41. Prov.
ir. 31. Ii. 65. 6.
Nah. I. 2. Eze:c.
18. 4. Pf. 21. S. 9.
& 92. 7, 8. & 68.
I, 2, 21.
o Ch. 4. 1,9. 8c 6. 1.
&5-32,33.&8.i. &10. 12,13. & xl-
32. 8c 12. 32. Tit.
3. 8. Mat. 28. 20.
I Sam. 15. 22.
I Cor. 15. 58.

f Heb. becaufe.
p Lev. 26. 3 — 13.
ch. 28. 1—14-
ver. 8, 9. PI. 105.
8. 9. Mic. 7. 20.
Luke 1. 72, 73.
I Tim. 4. 8. 1 Cor.
15. 58.
q Ver .7. John 14 21,
23. ch. 28.4. Prov.
20. 7. Exod. 23.
25. Pf. 11. 7- «••
3. & 144. 12—15.

ticularly in fwearing of oaths. And it is altogether inconfiftent
with the truth of religion to entertain flpth and unconcern for the
glory of God, or the lafting welfare of his church. What an
important and laborious work ought we to make of the religious
education of our children and fervants ! It is very neceffary to in-
ftrufSt them in the knowledge of God's remarkable appearances
for his- church, as well as in the do^rinal principles or laws of
revelation; and that no obedience can be accepted of God but
what is performed in regard to him as our God in Chrift, and is
univerfal refpefting all his commandments!
N n 2

Idols and idolaters

DEUTERONOMY.

to be- defrayed.

Before Chrift

rCh.28. t— 14. Lev.
26. j— 13. Exod.
23. 25, 26. Pf. 144.
11—15.

s Exnd.9.T4. Sc ic,
' 26. Pi. 105. 37.
ch. ig. 27, 60.

t Gen. T2. 3. Pf. 37.
12—16.

u See ver. 2. Exod.
23.33. & 34.12—
16. Num. 33. 55.
Jofh. 23. 12, 13,
16- Judg, 2. 3, 12.
& 3.6. Pf. 106.34
—39-

xCh.8. i7.Num.13,
32. Jofh. 17. 16.
Mat. 14. 31.

y If. 41. 10, 14—16.
Mark 5. 36. Heb.
13. 6. Rom. 8. 31.
Pf.78. 11,42— 51.
ch. 4. 34. Exod.
vii— xiv.

zGen. 1?. 14. Exod.
3. 8. & 6. 1, 5—7.
vii— xiv. ch. 11. 2
— 4-& 10.21. Jofh.
24, 5—7. 1 Sam.
12. 8. Neh. 9. 10,
II. Pf. 78. 11, 42
—51. & 105. 27—
38. Jer. 32.20,21.
Ezek. 20. 6, 9.

a Exod. 23. 28—30.
Jofh. 24. 12.

b Gen. 17. 1. & 18.
14. Jer. 32. 17, 27.
Sc 20. 11. 1 Sam.
4.7-8. pf. 8?. 7.
ch. 10. 17. Neh. 1.
2.&66. 3.5. & 45.
4-

thee, and multiply thee : he will alfo blefs
the fruit of thy womb, and the fruit of
thy land, thy corn, and thy wine, and
thine oil, the increafe of thy kine, and the
flocks of thy fheep, in the land which he
fware unto thy fathers to give thee.
14 Thou r fhalt be blefled above all
people : there fhall not be male or fe
male barren among you, or among your
cattle. 15 And the Lord s will take away
from thee all ficknefs, and will put none
of the evil difeafes of Egypt, which thou
knoweft, upon thee ; but c will lay them
upon all them that hate thee.
16 And thpu flialt u confume all the
people which the Lord thy God fhall
deliver thee ; thine eye fhall have no pity
upon them : neither fhalt thou ferve their
gods; for that will be a fnare unto thee.
• 17 If thou xfhalfe fay in thine heart,
Thefe nations are more than I ; how can
I difpoflefs them ?
1 8 Thou y fhalt not be afraid of them :
but fhalt well remember what the Lord
thy God did unto Pharaoh, and unto all
Egypt; 1 9 z The great temptations which thine
eyes faw, and the figns, and the wonders,
and the mighty hand, and the ftretched-
out arm, whereby the Lord thy God
brought thee out : fo fhall the Lord thy
God do unto all the people of whom thou
art afraid.
20 a Moreover, the Lord thy God will
fend the hornet among them, until they
that are left, and hide themfelves from
thee, be deftroyed.
2 1 Thou fhalt not be affrighted at them ;
for the Lord thy God is among you, b a
mighty God and terrible.

Reflections upon Ch^p. VII. — God fovereignly difpofes of
mankind, even with refpedt to their life or death, they having all
forfeited whatever they have into the hands of his juftice. It is
dangerous to contract marriage, or cultivate intimacy, with wicked
perfons, particularly fuch as are of a falfe religion ; and abfurd is
the expectation, that by fuch means we fhall convert them, when
God hath warned us that they will corrupt and feduce us. The
faith of God's free love and mercy, in choofing and redeeming us,
moft effectually conftrains to^holy obedience: and what profit and
pleafure is there in the faithful fervice of God! The moft difficult
7

fhall deliver their kings
and thou fhalt deftroy

— 24. 8c 1. 5. fee
vei. 16.

22 And the Lord thy God will t c put *%£u
out thofe nations before thee by little and tHeb.?w#
little : thou mayeft not confume them at c ffi.f-^ffi-
once, left the beafts of the field increafe '-"-V&'jl'
upon thee.
23 But the Lord thy God fliall deliver
them H unto thee, and fhall d deftroy them " Heb'!"fm *"f""-
with a mighty deftrudlion, until they be ^-\ff^-
deftroyed. 24 And he
into thine hand,
their name from under heaven : there fhall
no man be able to ftand before thee until
thou have deftroyed them.
2 5 % e The graven images of their gods e ^.'Exe^Ti'?
fhall ye burn with fire : thou fhalt not f£yt^'l
defire the filver or gold that is on them, 30. 22. ice ver. j
nor take it unto thee, left thou be fnared
therein : for it is an abomination to the
Lord thy God.
26 Neither f fhalt thou bring an abo- !,Q.\.'I^.sf.
mination into thine houfe, left thou be a ^¦Z1-l,lq-
curfed thing like it : but thou malt utterly
deteft it, and thou fhalt utterly abhorit ;
for it is a curfed thing.
CHAP. VIII.
To faften his admonitions upon the confciences of the
Ifraelites, Mofes ftill infifis upon his former topics.
( I ) He gives them general exhortations to univer
fal obedience to God's laws ; I, 6. (2) He charges
them to remember the favours and rebukes they had
met with from God in the wildernefs, as an incitement
to obedience; 2 — 5, 15, 16. (3) To improve the ex
cellency of Canaan alfo, into which they were going, ta
the fame purpofe ; and to beware of making their
profperity an occafion of, or temptation to, impiety,
7 — 145 17, 18. (4) He folemnly warns them of
the fatal confiequences of their apoftafy or idolatry ;
19, 20.

A

LL a the commandments which

T a Ch. 4. 1— i.'Sc 6.
1 1— 3. Pf. 119.4,6.

command thee this day fhall ye ft-if*!;6^

obferve to do, that ye may live, and
multiply, and go in and poflefs the land

3. 8. If. 3.10. & I.
19. Rom. 2. 7, Jo.

duties are eafily performed when we attempt them in the faith of
God's promifed prefence and affiftance. Why fhould we fear our
ftrongeft enemief, though greater and mightier than we are ? If
God be for us, who or what can be againft us ! Though our con
queft be gradual, it fhall be complete at laft. And in all our ftrug-
glings let us beware of covetoufnefs ; for to enrich ourfelves, even
with the fpoils of a falfe religion, may iffue in our ruin : and it is
therefore very important to remove and avoid every temptation
to fin.

Holy obedience further Inculcated.

CHAP. VIII.

Pride and idolatry prohibited.

Before Chrift
145s.

b Sec ch. 7. 18, 19.
& 1. 3. & 2. 7.
Exod. 16. 4. ch. 13.
3. 2 Chr. 32. ji.
iPet. 1. 7. jam.
Ii. 1. John 16.33.
Acts 14.22, 2 Tim.
3. U.

c Exod. 16. 3—34.
M.11.4. 4. Ltd ..<: 4.
4. ver.io.-iTim.4.
4, 5. Pf. 104. 29,
30.

dMeh.9. 21. ch.29.
5. Mat. 6. 31, 32.

e Prov. %. ii, 12.
Job 5. 17, 18.
a Sam. 7. 14. Heb.
12. 5—10. Pi. 89,
32. &94« 12. Rev,
3. ig.

fExod.18.20.Pf.2t, 4. ch. 6. 2, 13. St
10. 12. 2 Chr. 6.
3r. Pf. 128. i.Se
112. 1.
gCh.6. 10,11. & 11.
JGjII.Pf. 104. 10.
M. Exod. 3. 8.
Ezek. 20. o. Neh,
9. 22—25. P1> 65.
9> iO) 13.

§ Heb. ef olive-trees
ef tit.

b Ch. 33. 25. Job
28; 2.

ICh. 6. 11, 12. Pf.
103. 2. 2 Chr. 17.
5, 6. 1 Thef. 5. I*.
1 Tim. 4.5. Rom.
14.6. Mat. 14. 19,
ao. Pf. cv. exxxv.
exxxvi.
k Ver. 14. fee ch.6.
12.&49, 23. Jer.
2. 36. Hof 13. 6.

which the Lord fware unto your fa
thers. 2 And b thou fhalt remember all the
way which the Lord thy God led thee
thefe forty years in the wildernefs, to
humble thee, and to prove thee, to know
what was in thine heart, whether thou
wouldeft keep his commandments or no.
2 And he humbled thee, and c fuf-
fered thee to hunger, and fed thee with
manna; which thou kneweft not, nei
ther did thy fathers know ; that he might
make thee know that man doth not live
by bread only, ' but by every word that
proceedeth out of the mouth of the Lord
doth man live.
4 d Thy raiment waxed not old upon
thee, neither did thy foot fw ell, thefe forty
years. 5 Thou fhalt alfo confider in thine heart
that, cas a man chafteneth his fon, fo the
Lord thy God chafteneth thee.
6 Therefore thou fhalt keep the com
mandments of the Lord thy God, to
f walk in his ways, and to fear him.
7 For the Lord thy God s bringeth
thee into a good land ; a land of brooks
of water, of fountains and depths that
fpring out of valleys and hills ;
8 A land of wheat, and barley, and
vines, and fig-trees, and pomegranates ;
a land § of oil-olive, and honey ;
9 A land wherein thou flialt eat bread
without fcarcenefs, thou fhalt not lack
any thing in it ; a h land whofe ftones are
iron, and out of whofe hills thou mayeft
dig brafs.
10 'When thou haft eaten, and art full,
then thou fhalt blefs the Lord thy God
for the good land which he hath given
thee. 1 1 k Beware that thou forget not the

Before Chrift
1452.

Pro/. 3<j. 9. Hof.
13. 6. Ezek. 16. 48.
Jer. 5.8. Pf. 73. 3
—9. Job 21.7— 15.

Lord thy God, in not keeping his com
mandments, and his judgments, and his ~
ftatutes, which 1 command thee this
day: 1-2 Left when thou } haft eaten, and art lc£gg- * "•
full, and haft built goodly houfes, and
dwelt therein ;
13 And when thy herds and thy flocks
multiply, and thy filver and thy gold is
multiplied, and all that thou haft is mul
tiplied ;
14 Then thine heart be m lifted up, and
thou forget the Lord thy God, who
brought thee forth out of the land of
Egypt, from the houfe of bondage ;

m Ch. 32. T5. 8c si-
2J. 8c 6. 12. Kof.
13. 6. I Co-. 4. 7.
Jer. 2. 31, Excd.
i — xiv.

1.5 Who n led thee through that great

njer. 2.6. If. 63. m.
PC 136. 16. Exod.
13. 2i. ch. 1. 19.
o Num. 21. 6. Hof,
T3-5- K «.?•
Exod. 17.6. Num.
20. 11. ch. 32. 13.
pr. ii4. 7.

and terrible wildernefs, wherein were0 'fiery
ferpents, and fcorpions, and drought,
where there was no water ; who brought
thee forth water out of the rock of flint ;
16 p Who fed thee in the wildernefs
with manna, which thy fathers knew
not, that he might humble thee, and that
he might prove thee, to do thee good at
thy latter end ;
17 And thou 1 fay in thine heart, My ,p£.?£'?,5:
power and the might of mine hand hath
gotten me this- wealth.
1 8 But thou fhalt ' remember the Lord
thy God: for it is he that giveth thee
power to get wealth, that he may eftablifh
his covenant which he fware unto thy
fathers, as it is this day.
1 9 And it fhall be, s if thou do at all
forget the Lord thy God, and walk after
other gods, and ferve them, and worfhip
them, I teftify againft you this day that
ye fhall furely perifh.
20 As the nations which the Lord
deftroyeth before your face, fo fliall ye
perifh ; becaufe ye would not be obedient
unto the voice of the Lord your God.

pVer. 2, 3. Exod. 16.
15. Neh. 9.20,21.
Pf. 78. 24, 2,-.
Heb. 12. ic, jl.
Jer. 24. 5. 8c 20.
II. I Pet. 1, 7.
Jam. 1. 12. P,. 04i
12. Rom. 8. 26.
2 Cor. 4. 17.

1. 13.

r Prov. 10. 22. 8c fr,
z. Hof. 2. 8. If. 28.
26. Pf. 144. 1. ei
127. I, 2. & 122.
|. Gin. 24. 35.
Mat. 6. 33. 1 'fun.
4. 8. I Chr. 21;.
12. 2 Chr. 1. 12.
Pf. 75. 6, 7. Jam.
I. 17.
s Ch. 4. 25,26. Ic 3 r.
16, 17. & 32. 15-p
26. it 7.8. 15—68.
Lev. 26. 14 — 30.
8c 30. 10. Zeph.
I. 18. Dan. 9. 12.
Amos 3. 2. Luke
12.47,48. & 13.3,
5. I Sara. u. 25.

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — With" great care and fkill
fhould minifters promote hoiinefs among their people : and there is
need to turn promifes and providences every way, to lead men
to Jefus, the tree of life. To mortify our pride, commemorate
our peevilhnefs, and render the wifdom, hoiinefs, and mercy of
God familiar, ler us obferve the frowns^nd fmiles of God's pro
vidence towards us. Trials are as nedpRary as deliverances ; nor
can any thing hinder God from fupplyiig us in the greateft ftraits.
If the enjoyment of an earthly Canaan, much more fhould the faith

of the heavenly inheritance^ animate to an earneftnefs in univerfal
hoiinefs and gratitude. But how difficult is it to maintain humi
lity of mind amidft remarkable profperity! or fellowlhip with God
amidft a flow of earthly enjoyments ! For this purpofe, let me al
ways remember that forgetfulnefs of God, ingratitude, and pride,
bring into the profperity by which they are occafioned the moft
fearful curfe : and let me wifely obferve the providences of God
in my lot. To humble me, and difcover my own naughtinefs, let
me remember the wildernefs ftraits to which I have been reduced.

¦Conquefi of Canaan promifed. Rehearfal of DEUTERONOMY. ' their worfhipping the golden calf

Before Chrift
1452.

aShortly,eh.ll.Z3. Sc 1. 28.

b Ch. 1. 28. & 3. 5.
. Jofh. 34. 1. Num.
.13.22,28, 33. eh.
a. 10. Jofh. 11.22.
Sc 14. 15. & 15.14.

c Exod. 23." io- &
.S3. 14—17. & 34-
9. Num. 14. 9. ch.
.4,24. Heb. 12. 29.
Nah. 1. 2. If. 27.
4. &33- 14. &30.
a7> 30.
d Exod. 23/29, 30.
& 34. 11. .on. 7. 1,
*, 16. If. 41. 10,
15,16. Rom. 8. 31.
Prov. 21. 30.
eCh.7.7,8.&8.i7. Ezek, 36. 22, 32.
Tif. 3.-5. Rom.
11.6,20. 1 Cor. 4.
7. Pf., 115. 1.

fGen. 15. t6. Lev.
18.25. ch. 18.9—
14. 1 Tim. 1. 9,
10 Pjov. 13. 17.
If. 3. 11, Jer. 2.17,
19. Rom. 1. 8, 9.

g Gen. is. 7. Sc 13.
15. &15.1S.&26.
3, 4. Sc 28. 13, 14.
Rom. 15. 8.

JiEzek. 36. 32.
- Exod. 32.9. & 33.
3. Sc 34. 9. Rom.
5. 20,21. ver. 4,5.
Tit. 3.5. Pf. 115.
I. ver. 13.

CHAP. IX.
Having formerly mentioned their enemies, and their goodly
inheritance in Canaan, Mofes here ( I ) Affures the
Ifiraelites of viclory over their enemies, however
powerful; i — 3. (2) He charges them to remember
that, though thefe Canaanites were to be caft out for
their impieties, they themfelves were not to obtain the
country for their righteoufnefs; 3 — 6. (3) To imprefs
their confidences with this humbling truth, he re
minds them of their making and worfhipping the golden
calf, and of their repeated murmurings and contempt
\ef the prcmifed land; 7 — 24. (4) He reprefents
God's reconciliation to them as the fruit of his own
repeated and folemn interceffion; 18 — 20, 25 — 29.
HEAR, O Ifrael: Thou art to pafs
over Jordan a this day, to go in to
poflefs nations greater and mightier than
thyfelf, b cities great, and fenced up to
heaven ;
2 A people great and tall, the children
of the Anakims, whom thou knoweft,
and of, whom thou haft heard fay, Who
can ftand before the children of Anak !
2 Underftand therefore this day that
the Lord thy God is he who c goeth over
before thee : as a confuming fire he d fhall
deftroy them, and he fhall bring them
down before thy face : fo fhalt thou drive
them out, and deftroy them quickly, as
the Lord hath faid unto thee.
4 e Speak not thou in thine heart, after
that the Lord thy God hath caft them
out from before thee, faying, For my
righteoufnefs the Lord hath brought me
in to, poflefs this land ; but f for the wick
ednefs of thefe nations the Lord doth
drive them out from before thee.
5 Not for thy righteoufnefs, or for the
uprightnefs of thine heart, doft thou go
to poflefs their land : but for the wicked
nefs of thefe nations the Lord thy God
doth drive them out from before thee,
and E that he may perform the word
which the Lord fware unto thy fathers,
Abraham, Ifaac, and Jacob.
6 Underftand therefore h that the Lord
thy God giveth thee not this good land
to poflefs it for thy righteoufnefs ; for
thou art a ftiff-necked people.

Before Chrift
145.2.

17. 2. Num. 1 1. 4.
& 14. 1—4. xvi.
& 2C. 2. 8c 11. e.
& 25. 3. Neh, 9.
f6— 18. Pf. 95/g
— u. & 10S. 7— .
33- &78.8-J8.
II. 63. 10. Ezek.
20,'s— 26. Neh. a.
16-18. *

Exod. 24. 12—1$.
ver. 17.

4. & 5,6—21.

7 ^'Remember, aw;^ for get. not, how
thou provokedft the Lord thy God to i ch. 52. 5, 6. ex,*:
~i. . ... r- •> . , . li.ss.8ci(s.z.8z
wrath m the wildernefs: from the day
that thou didft depart out of the land of
Eo-ypt, until ye came unto this place, ye
have been rebellious againft the Lord.
8 k Alfo in Horeb ye provoked the
, - , •> f _ k Pf. I06. IO— 22.
Lord to wrath, fo that the Lord was Is?-^*-'*
angry with you to have deftroyed you.
9 When I was l gone up into the mount '
to receive the tables of ftone, even the _
tables of the covenant which the Lord
made with you, then I abode in the mount
forty days and forty nights ; I neither did
eat bread nor drink water :
10 m And the Lord delivered unto me "££.£ *£
two tables of ftone written with the finger
of God ; and on them was written ac
cording to all the words which the Lord
fpake with you in the mount out of the
midft of the fire in the day of the aflem
bly. 1 1 And it came to pafs, at the end of
forty days and forty nights, that the Lord
save me the two tables' of ftone, even the .
n tables of the covenant.
1 2 And the Lord faid unto me, ° Arife,
get thee down' quickly from hence; for
thy people, whom thou haft brought forth
out of Egypt, have corrupted themfelves:
they are quickly turned afide out of the
way which I commanded them ; they
have made them a molten image.
13 Furthermore, the Lord fpake unto
mej faying, p I have feen this people, and, vllti}'c\'l7d%
behold, it is a ftiff-necked people : sffsf'1
14 'Let me alone, that I may deftroy '^j,3*^™:
them, and blot out their name from ^.'ff^ilcf.'sW
under heaven : and I will make of thee a V9'
nation mightier and greater than they.
15 So rI turned and came down from rExod- '*• "'"t'TS-
the mount, and the mount s burned with ' ^V^'iV**:
fire: and the two tables of the covenant X^ifS-i*.^
12. 18.
were in my two hands.
16 And 'I looked, and, behold, ye had '^'M'
o 18 &;
finned againft the Lord your God, and 4*-

n 1 Kin. 8. 9. Heir.
9. 4. Num. 10. 33.
ch. 5. 2 — 21.
o Exod. 32. 7, 8.
Gen. 6. 11, ll,
ch. 32. 5.

To recommend Jehovah to my heart, let me confider what he
hath done for me, and promifed to me. Let every peculiar excel
lency in my lot be a mean of elevating my heart to God himfelf,
Hiy goodly inheritance. In the day of my adverfity let me be joy-
6

ful in him; and in the day of my profperity let me confider that
all comes from him, and may be withdrawn at his pleafure : and,
while the loving-kindnefs of God allures me to hoiinefs, let his
terrors awe me and deter me from fin.

Mofes'' prayers.

CHAP. IX. X.

Before Chrift

H Exod. 32. 19. Pf.
69.9. Sc 119. 139.
Eph. 4. 26. Zech,
II. 10.

K Ver. 9. Exod, 32,
31. 2 Sam. 12. 16.
2Chi\ 20. 18. Pf.
jaj.ij. Mat. 4. 1.

% See ver. 18.

had made you a molten calf: ye had
turned afide quickly, out of the way
whieh the Lord had commanded you.
1 7 u And I took the two tables, and
caft them out of my two hands, and
brake them before your eyes.
1 8 And x I fell down before the Lord,
as at the firft, forty days and forty nights :
I did neither eat bread nor drink water,
becaufe of all your fins which ye finned in
doing wickedly in the fight of the Lord,
to provoke him to anger.
19 For y I was afraid of the anger and
hot difpleafure wherewith the Lord was
i's]s:z&8c% wroth againft 'you to deftroy you. z But
the Lord hearkened unto me at that time
alfo. 20 And the Lord a was very angry
wifh Aaron to have deftroyed him: and
I prayed for Aaron alfo the fame time.
2 1 And ?• I took your fin, the calf which
ye had made, and burnt it with fire, and
ftampedit, and ground it very fmall, even
until it was as fmall as duft : and I caft
the duft thereof into the brook that de
fcended out of the mount.
22 And at cTaberah, and at Maflah,
and at Kibroth-hattaavah, ye provoked
the Lord to wrath.
23 Likewife when the LoRd fent you
from d Kadefh-barnea, faying, e Go up
and poflefs the land which I have given
you ; then ye rebelled againft the com
mandment of the Lord your God, and
ye believed him not, nor hearkened to
his voice.
24 Ye have been f rebellious againft
the Lord from the day that I knew you.
25 Thus g I fell down before the Lord
forty days and forty nights, as I fell down
at the firft ; becaufe the Lord had faid
he would deftroy you.

y Exod. 32. it— 14.
Pf. 76. 7. & 119.
120. Hab. 3. 16.
Nah. 1. 2—7.
« Pf. 50. 15. 8c 91.
15. Sc 65. 2. & 34.
4, 6. Exod. xxxii
xxxiii. Heb. 12.
29.

a Exod. 32. 2 — 4.
Heb. 12. 6. Rev.
19. Jam. 5. 15, 11
Job 42. 8. Gen.
ID. 17.

k If. 3T..7. & 30. 22
& 2. 18—21.
Exod. 32. 20.

c Num. 11. j, 3, e.
Exod. 17. 7. Num
11.34.

ll Num. 13. 3, z6^.8c
20.1. &32. 18, 37.
ch. 1. 19, 46.
cNum. 13. 3. & 14,
2-4.cn. 1. 32, 33.
Pf. 106. 24, 25. &
78. 22. If. 63. 10.

fVer. 6,7. ch. 31.27,
11.63. 10, 31. Act:
7- SI-

Tables of the law renewed*
26 I h prayed therefore unto the Lord, ™^£?f ¦
and faid, O Lord God, deftroy not thy h Exod. 32. 9, n-
, . , . . . . 1 • 1 ^1 13. ver. 29. Exod.
people and thine inheritance, which thou "^/'^
haft redeemed through thy greatnefs,
which thou haft brought forth out of
Egypt with a mighty hand.
27 ' Remember thy fervants, Abraham,
Ifaac, and Jacob ; look not unto the
ftubbornnefs of this people, nor to their
wickednefs, nor to their fin :
28 k Left the land whence thou
broughteft us out fay, Becaufe the Lord
was not able to bring them into the land
which' he promifed them, and becaufe he
hated them, he hath brought them out
to flay them in the wildernefs.
29 Yet they are thy l people, and thine ™(-?fl*lfJ:
inheritance, which thou broughteft out by ["9^4.9-3?.
thy mighty power -and by thy ftretched
out arm.

14. 13— its. Jofb,'
7-7— 9-

i Exod. 32. 13. ic u
6, 16. & 6. 3—8.
& 34. 9. Pf. 25. 11.
-v/itn Rom. 5. 20,
21.

k Exod. 32.12. Num.
14. 15, 16. Jofh. 7.
7 — 9. i. e. left the
Egyptians fhould
reproach thee oa
our account,
ch. 32. 27.

CHAP. X.
Having declared to the Ifraelites their unrightedufnefs
and rebellion againft God, Mofes here (r) Reminds
them of the undeferved tokens of God's reconcilement
to them; fuch as * The renewal of the tables ofthe
law or covenant ; i — 5. a The new orders for
their marching onward to Canaan ; 6, 7, 1 1 . 3 His
continuing ofthe priefthood after Aaron's death, and
choice of the Levites for his minifters ; 6, 8, 9.
4 His accepting of Mofes' interceffion for the
people; 10, 11. (2) From thefe; from the great
nefs, equity, and goodnefs, of God ; and from his
peculiar kindnefs to Ifrael ; he urges the fear and
fervice of God, and the due love of their neighbours ;
12 — 22.

Pf. 119. 94. ver.
26, 27. Gen. if, 7.
Exod. 6, 6, Sc 19.
5, 6. ch. 7. 6, j8,
19. &14.2,. Sc 32.
9. Pi". 135. 4. Exod.
1—X1Y.

the Lord faid unto * g-0£ ^-g
Hew thee two tables of fione with2* ,°L*

AT " that time
me,
like unto the firft, and come up unto me
into the mount, and make thee an ark. of
wood. 2 And I will write on the tables thc
words, that were in the firft tables which
thou brakeft, and thou fhalt put them in
the ark.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — The greater our enemies and
impediments in the way of our duty, the more fhall the power of
God be magnified in our overcoming them. God can eafily find
inftruments to execute his vengeance upon a people devoted to
deftrudfion ; and his promifes and threatenings are moft certainly
performed in their due time. Though judgment may be delayed,
yet fin will at laft make the moft fearful havock in nations and
families, however great and powerful. And yet it is hard to keep
the very worft of men from trufting and glorying in their own

fancied works of righteoufnefs. But, to keep us humble amidft
many and great mercies, let us fearch the records which confeience
keeps of our fins. Nothing but obftinate blindnefs can fupport
us in a good opinion of ourfelves. But thanks be to God that,
where fin abounded, grace doth much more abound ; thanks for
that infinite m;rcy, that fuch a wicked generation have a moft
prevailing intercefl'or to ftand in the gap to turn away the Lord's
wrath and indignation from them.

Aaron dies. DEUTERONOMY.

Before Chrift
'45*'
b Exod. 25. 10 — 16.
Sc 37. 1—9.
r Exod. 34. 4.
d Exod. 34. 28, ch,
9. 10.

* Heb. imtds.

zo. Exod. 19. 17,
28. Heb. 12. 19.

f Eacd. 34. 29,

ft

1 Kin. 8. 9.

eb. 9. 4.
. -j- Why the Holy
GUo'ft hath insert
ed this and the fol
lowing verfe here;
or whether the
' places here men
tioned arc -the
" lame as Bene-Jaa-
kan, Moferoth.
Horhagidgad, and
Jotbathah, men-
- tioned Num. 33.
¦ 3J~"*33* or. rather
different, I fcarce
ly dare determine.

h Num. 20. 22 — 28.
Sc 33. 38.
i Exod. xxix. Lev.
viii.ix. Num. iii.
iv. viii. Sc 16. 9.
It Num. 4. 15. ch. 1.
38. Num. 6. 23—
26.

] Num. 18.20. text.
61. Ezek. 44. 28.
ch. 12. 12. Sc 14.
27, 29. & 18. 1, 2.
Jofh. 13. 14,33.&
J4-9-

Hi Exod. 34.24. with
za. 18. ch. 9. 9,
18.
% Or former days.
a Exod. 32. 14, 32,

• Exod. 32. 34. Sc
33- I-
tl Heb. go in journey.

Hebrews march forward
2 And b I made an ark of fhittim-wood,
and e hewed two tables of ftone like unto
the firft, and d went up into the mount,
having the two tables in mine hand.
4 And he wrote on the tables, accord
ing to the firft writing, the ten * com
mandments, which the Lord fpake unto
' Ch* jfe. &' "k/- you m tne mount e out of the midft of
the fire in the day of the aflembly : and
the Lord gave them unto me.
5 And f I turned myfelf and came down
from the mount, and put the tables in the
ark which I had made; and there they
»^; be, E as the Lord commanded me.
6 <([ + And the children of Ifrael took
their journey from Beerothof the children
of Jaakan to Mofera : h there Aaron died,
and there he was buried ; and Eleazar his
fon miniftered in the prieft's office in his
ftead. 7 From thence they journeyed unto
Gudgodah ; .and from Gudgodah to Jot-
bath, a land of rivers of waters.
8 «([ At that time the Lord s feparated
the tribe of Levi, to k bear the ark of the
covenant of the Lord, to ftand before
the Lord to minifter unto him, and to
blefs in his name, unto this day.
9 l Wherefore Levi hath no part nor
inheritance with his brethren; the Lord
is his inheritance, according as the Lord
thy God promifed him.
10 ^[ And m I flayed in the mount,
according to the + firft time, forty days
and forty nights ; and n the Lord heark-
i9: %b$t'd' ened unto me at that time alfo, and the
Lord would not deftroy thee.
1 1 And the Lord faid unto me, °Arife,
II take thy journey before the people, that
they may go in and poffefs the land which
I fware unto their fathers to
them. 12 ^[ And now, Ifrael, p what doth the

Moral duties recommended.

e, Mic. 6. 8. ch. 6. 5,
13. 8c is. 13, 22.
I Tim. 1. 5. Mat.
22. 37. Pf. 119. 4.
Jer. 7. 23. iPet.l.
15, 16. Tit. 2. 11,
12. Liikei. 74,75.

give unto

Lord thy God require of thee, but to
fear the Lord thy God, to walk in all his
ways, and to love him, and to ferve the
Lord thy God with all thy heart and
with all thy foul,
1 2 To keep the commandments of the
Lord, and his ftatutes, which I com
mand thee this day q for thy good ?
14 Behold, rthe heaven a'nd the hea-

Before Chrift
1452.

q Ch. 4. 1, 40. Sit.
16, 29, 33- & 6. 1,
3, 18, 24. & 7, 12
—14. Prov. 9. 12.
ven of heavens is the Lord's' thy God; ¦r.Kii,.8.»7.,Q)r.
the earth alfo, with all that therein is. fA^'ii."^.:
>. , •> , _ ,, ,..,. PI. 115- 16. & 24.
Only the Lord s had a delight in \tsVsii^26, ' ' .

J5

thy fathers to love them, and he chofe

you,

above

37-

Ch.7.7,8.& Exorl.33.18.9. n— 23. Eph. 2
4—8.

the forefkin ftiff-

4* J4- Rom."
Col. 2. 11.

t Jer. .
2. 2!
& 3. 5. Epl.
—24. ch. 30.6. 8c
.9-6-

n. ch.7.
36. 2 — 4.
Jofh, 22. 22. Dan.
2. 47. & II. 36.
J Chr. 16. 25, 26.
Rev. 17. 14. & 19.
16. ' *

their feed after them, even
all people, as it is this day.
1 6 ' Circumcife therefore
of your heart, and be no more
necked. 17 For the Lord your God is u God of "%°%p-
gods, and Lord of lords, a great God, a
mighty, and a terrible, who x regardeth
not perfons, nor taketh reward: *.xchr.i9.7./ob
1 8 He doth y execute the judgment of |tm9 v*£ ffi£
the fatherlefs and widow, and loveth the s-as-i ?«.,.. °7:
ftranger, in giving him food and raiment. y &'^£*&i!:
1 q z Love ye therefore the ftranger : for
ye were ftrangers in the land of Egypt
20 a Thou fhalt fear the Lord thy God ;
him fhalt thou ferve, and to him fhalt
thou cleave, and fwear by his name.
2 1 He is thy b praife, and he is thy God, *£*«££££
that hath done for thee thefe great and
terrible things which thine eyes have
feen. 22 Thy fathers went down into Egypt
c with threefcore and ten perfons ; and ^it^-^ff
now the Lord thy God hath made thee
d as the ftars of heaven for multitude
CHAP. XI.
To inculcate conftancy in the love of God, and obedience
to his laws, Mofes here ( I ) Reminds them ofthe mar
vellous ails of God in deftroying Pharaoh, Dathan,
Abiram, &c. for their pride and difobedience ; I — 7.
(2) He reprefents what plenty, what vicJory, and

3. 11. 1.7. Jer. 49.
II.
z Lev. 19. 33, 34.
Jam. 2. 15, 16.
I John 3. 17, 18.
Exod. 22. 21. &
3-7-
aCh.6. 13. &13. 4.
Mac. 4. 10. Luke
4-8-

106. 22. & 118. 29.
Jer. 17. 14. & 32.
20, 21. Exod. i— .
xx. Num. xi. xiv.
xvi. xxi. ch. 4. 34,
& II. I — 7.

d Gen. 15. 5. ch. 1.
10. Num. 26. 51,
62. Neh. 9. 23.
Heb. II. 12.

Reflections upon Chap. X. — What a mercy is it that the
law, as a covenant, is fulfilled and hid in Chrift, our gofpel ark !
And what a fure token of divine favours yet in ftore for a people
when God raifes up faithful minifters and earneft wreftlers at a
throne of grace ! Marvellous indeed are God's returns, of love for
hatred — of mercie; for rebellion and provocation ; and inexcufable
therefore is difobedience to a God fo great and gracious ! But it is
honourable and becoming to walk in love as God himfelf walketh!

It is a moft fearful proof of the corruption of our nature, and the
neceffity of a gracious change, that we need fo much urging to
that which is fo remarkably at once our great duty and intereft.
But le,t me always retain in mind the wonderful character and the
peculiar mercies of my God, the God of Ifrael ; efteem it my
glory to belong to him i and make him the only obje£t of my fear,
my praife, and joy.

Judgments on Pharaoh, &c.

CHAP. XI.

Circumfpefl and diligent obedh

lenre.

Before Chrifl
145Z.

sLukel.74-7S-ch' 10.12. 8c 6. 5, 13.
&i2.l.Lev.8. 35.
& 18. 30.

32. 20,2'. Aas 7.
36. & 13. 17.

what enlargement of their country, would attend
their obedience ; and what cuffs would follow on
their difobedience; 8— - 1 7, 22 — 25. (3) He direcls
them to proper means for maintaining a due fenfe of
religion in themfelves and their families; 18 — 21.
(4) While he direcls a folemn intimation of the'bleff-
ings and furfes from mount Gerizzim and Ebal, he
fohmnly puts it to their choice, whether they would
have the bleffing or the curfe ; 26 — 32.
THEREFORE a thou fhalt love the
Lord thy God, and keep his charge,
and his ftatutes, and his judgments, and
his commandments, alway.
ich.4.9,23,36. 2 % And b know ye this day: for /
fpeak not with your children who have
not known, and who have not feen,
e^'&lSj'.|:l c-the chaftifement of the- Lord your God,
+•34- -9- • k-g greatnefSj fog mighty hand, and his
ftretched- out arm,
d78?n->J*&ioI: i 3 And d his miracles, and his afts,
S^!8Neh.9S;" which he did in the midft of Egypt unto
lf.7s-}i'.}tig.io. Pharaoh the king of Egypt, and unto all
11. iSam. 12. 8. D C>J L '
- Je7: his land ;
4 And what he did unto the army of
Egypt, unto their horfes, and to their
chariots ; how he made the water of the
Red fea to overflow them as they purfued
after you, and how. the Lord hath de
ftroyed them unto this day;
5 c And what he did unto you in the
wildernefs, until ye came into this place;
6 And f what he did unto Dathan and
tc&i?.Z7'i'FL Abiram, the fons of Eliab, the fon of
Reuben ; how the earth opened her mouth,
and fwallowed them up, and fheir houfe-
"ZlfchfaSr holds, and their tents, and all the *fub-
*'h2™ « ** ftzncz that ^was in their pofleffion, in
f'"- the midft of all Ifrael :
7 But your, eyes have feen all the great
acts of the Lord which he did.
x k. jt6. ii-*. 8 g Therefore fhall ye keep all the
Jofh. 1.6,7. If. 60. 1 • 1 T 1
cJ^h^&s. Commandments which 1 command you
ll+'iV^ this day, that ye may be ftirong, and go
¦"-V'1 "' in and poflefs the land whither ye go to
poflefs it ;
^6."}'pst.69: 9 And tnat ye~h may prolong your days
•«. * ip,*?. -n jj^g jan(j which the Lord fware unto
your fathers to give unto them and to
their feed, a land that floweth with milk
and honey.
10 % For the land whither thou goeft
Vol. I.

-elSxoi. xv— xl. Lev.
i — xxvji. Num.
i — xxxvi. Pf.
Ixxviii, cv. 106.
.1-33.

Before Chrift
1452.

£ With thy own la-
hour, digging
trenches for rills
of water, 'or by
Watering-pans.

23. Exod. 3. 8.
Ezek. 20. 6. Jer.
2.7.

33. IS. & 3+. 15.
ver. 14. Hof. 6. 2,
3. Joel 2. 23.

in to poflefs it is not as the land of Egypt
from whence ye came out, where thou
fowedft thy feed, and wateredft it with
+ thy foot, as a garden of herbs :
1 1 But ' the land whither ye go to pof
fefs it /} a land of hills and valleys, and i ch. a. 7-9. & 6,
drinketh water of the rain of heaven :
1 2 A k land which the Lord thy God
II careth for : the l eyes of the Lord thy lff\i!-f;f:f''-
God are always upon it, from the begin- h neb./,^.
ning of the year even unto the end of the l'f1^s1^
year. 13 f And it fliall come to pafs, m if ye aVer.„.pr
fhall hearken diligently unto my com- t'^f^wlit
mandments which I -command you this l}tu£%'£!' 5S'
day, to love the Lord your God, and to
ferve him with all your heart and with
all your foul,
1 4 That n I will give you the rain of n hS^'j^'i f:
your land in his due feafon, the firft rain ll'.'^'rhf
and the latter rain, that thou maveft fcuaboutoaobcr"
* J and the latter in
gather in thy corn, and thy wine, and Sha^a?
thine oil.
1 5 And ° I will § fend grafs in thy fields ° ^ff^.
for thy cattle, that thou mayeft eat and m^.Sh,.
be full.
1 6 p Take heed to yourfelves, that your p ^^'i'.&J;

1, 13. Job 31. 27.

heart be not deceived, and ye turn afide, I )IL-S. z\. ch.
and ferve other gods, and worfhip them ; 8-'9-
1 7 And then the Lord's wrath be
kindled againft you, and he q fhut up the-^\KifilH:X"&
heaven that there be no rain, and that If^^t'i^
the land yield not her fruit ; and left ye ^^t^f.
perifh quickly from off the good land
which the Lord giveth you.
1 8 % Therefore fliall ye r lay up thefe r¥iZ";.ttt
my words in your heart and in your foul, i.%'l'.'ii>-ii.i'
and bind them for a fign upon your hand,
that they may be as frontlets between your
eyes. 19 s And ye fhall teach them your chil- '^ffi-ffiw-
dren, fpeaking of them when thou fitteft &,6', ^&£,.°'
in thine houfe, and when thou walkeft % •6,"-If,Jlf-

by the way, when thou lieft down, and
when thou rifeft up.
20 And thou l fhalt write them upon '— Sfe
the door-pofts of thine houfe, and upon 7-if-30-8.Hab.2I
thy gates :
2 1 That your u days may be multiplied, u g& ?$:£
,and the days of your children, inthe land *T**i "&7y.
O o

A folemn bleffing and curfe.

DEUTERONOMY. Monuments of idolatry to be defray ed.

Before Chrift
145*-

X Ver. 13. ch. 4. z.
&6. 1, 3. Mat. 22.
37. & 4. 10. Acts
II. 23. Tit. 2. II,
312. 1 Tim. 4. 8.

y Exod. 3. 8. & 23.
27—31. & 34. 11,
24. ch. 7. 1, 2, 22,
*3. &5. 1—3.

Z Jolh. I.J. 8c 14.9.
Gen. 15. 18 — 21.
Exod. 23. 23, 31.
& 34. II — 13.
Jude. 2. 1 — x.
z trrfis. 9. 26. Num.
zi. 3—12. 1 Kin.
4. 21, 24.

aCh.2. 25. Jo0i. r.
5. 8c z. 9. &s. I.
EXod. 23. 27.

b Ch. 30. IJ— «o.
Lev. xxvi. ch.
xxvii— xxxii.
c Ch. 28.1— 14. Lev.
26. 3—13- If- 3-
10. 8c I. 19. Rom.
2.7, 10. Pf. 19, 11.
a Tim. 4. 8. 1 Cor.
Jj. 58.
* Ch. 28. i;—68. 8c
27. 14 — 26. Lev.
36- 14—39- lf- '¦
10. &3- II. Rom.
2. 8, 9. Gal. 3. 10.
Prov. 13. 21. Jer.
z. 17, 19. & 4. 18.
& 5. 25. & 6. 19.
ic 16. 19. Ezek.
xvi. xx. xxiii.

e Ch. 27.. 12—26.
Jofh. 8. 30—35..

fWefliideofit,fee ch. 1. 1, 5. & 3. 8.
ver. jj.

which the Lord fware unto your fathers
to give them, as the days of heaven upon
the earth.
22 5[ For * if ye fhall diligently keep all
thefe commandments, which I command
you, to do them, to love the Lord your
God, to walk in all his ways, and to.
cleave unto him ;
23 Then ? will the Lord drive out all
thefe nations from before you, and ye
fliall poflefs greater nations and mightier
than yourfelves.
24 z Every place whereon the foles of
your feet fhall tread fhall be your's : from
the wildernefs and- Lebanon, from the
river, the river Euphrates, even unto the
uttermoft- fea, fhall your coaft be.
25 There a fhall no man be able to
ftand before you : for the Lord your God
fhall lay the fear of you and the dread of
you upon all the land that ye fhall tread
upon, as he hath faid unto you.
26 5T Behold, b I fet before you this
day a bleffing and a curfe :
2 7 c A bleffing, if ye obey the com
mandments of the Lord your God, which
I command you this day ;
28 And a d curfe, if ye will not obey
the commandments of the Lord your
God, but turn afide out of the way which
I command you this day, to go after
other gods, which/ye have not known.
29 And it fliall come to pafs, when the
Lord thy God hath brought thee in unto
the land whither thou goeft to poflefs it,
that thou e fhalt put the bleffing upon
mount Gerizzim, and the curfe upon
mount Ebal.
30 Are they not on the f other fide

Before Chrift
1452.

Jordan, by the way where the fun goeth
down, in the land of the Canaanites, "
which dwell in the t champaign s over f ^""""j^
againft Gilgal, befide the plains of Mo- 6,7:5iuis:f:H"
reh ?
31 For ye h fhall pafs over Jordan to h«j^»£2£
go in to poflefs the .land which the Lord
you God giveth you, and ye fhall poflefs
it, and dwell therein.
32 And ye fhall obferve ' to do all the '^jtA**/'
ftatutes and judgments which I fet before s.™'"??'^'.
JO 26. 20.

Pr.44.2,3. &78.
55. 8c 66. 6, 12. &
105. 43,44. & 1 JS.
iz. & 136.21,21,

you this day.

CHAP.

XII.

Having at length inculcated the leading and general
duties of religion common to all men, Mofes now pro
ceeds to inculcate the pofitive inftitutions, which Gad
had given in charge to Ifrael, to be obferved in Ca
naan. ( I ) In general, they muft deftroy all monu
ments of idolatry, and keep clofie to God's tabernacle,
and form of worfhip inftituted by kim ; I — 5.-
(2) They muft bring all their oblations to God's altar
and refidence; 6, 7, II, 12, 14, 18, Z6, 27, 28 j
and always regard and fiupport God's minifters; 18,
I9- (3) They muft neither do as they now did in
the wildernefs, nor as the Canaanites had done in
their worfhip; 8 — 1 1, 29 — 32. (4) They are
allowed to eat flefh, but not any blood, at their re~
fpeilive homes, and are appointed to eat their fhare
ofthe facred oblations only at the Lord' s fpecial refi
dence; 1 — 18, 20 — 25.

T

HESE are the a ftatutes and judg
ments, which ye fhall obferve to bseeNum. 15.1.

aClM-VM'15'*
& 5. 1. & 6. 1—3.
xii— xxvii.

do b in the land which the Lord God of
thy fathers giveth thee to poflefs it, c all
the days that ye live upon the earth.
2 d Ye fhall utterly deftroy all the
places wherein the nations which ye fhall
poflefs * ferved their gods, upon the
high e mountains, and upon the hills,
and under every green tree :
3 And ye fhall + overthrow their altars, +

ch. 4. 1.
cCh. 11. 1. 1 Kin. 8.
40. Pf. 104. 33.
Job 17.9.- Prov. 4.
18.
d Ch. 7. 5, 25. Exorl.
23. 24. 8c 34. iz—
17. Num. 33. 51,
52. Jude. 2. 2.
2 Kin. 18. 4. & 23.
6, 14. I Chr. 14.

* Or inherit.
cNum. 22. 4. 2 Kin.
17.10,11. jer. 3.6.
Ezek. 20. 28, 29.
Hof. 4. 13.
Heb. break down.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — Thus let my love to the
Lord always work in holy obedience to all his commandments.
Let the remembrance of his early kindnefs -to me and mine, and
his awful judgments on others around me, ftir me up to the utmoft
circumfpeclion in my conduct. God's mercies fhould leave an
impreiTion on us which neither time nor age fhould ever efface.
And while fins fhorten men's days, and caufe countries to fpue out
their inhabitants, yea, often into hell fire, let me carefully obferve
God's kindnefs, even in outward things. Mercies coming from
the immediate hand of God are doubly fweet. Godlinefs hath the
promife of the life that now is as well as of that which is to come.
But, if we refufe to be influenced by God's mercies, we muft fink
under his judgments. Whentheheartis filled with the knowledge and

love of God's word, the tongue will be as the pen of a ready writer
in fpeaking of divine things. Let me therefore, by all means,
labour to fix a deep fenfe of fpiritual things upon my own foul,, and
be careful to tranfmit the knowledge of them unto my feed :. for -true
religion ftamps a reverence on its profeflbrs,. which keeps even
their enemies in awe of them : and godlinefs,. tranfmitted with our
poffeiTions, is the fureft way to perpetuate theih- in our families.
How plain and evident, in God's word, is the way to happinefs
and mifery ! And if men will not fee, will not walk aright, their
blood muft be on their own head. Since^ then, the bleffings and
curfes of time and eternity are fet before me in the gofpel^let me
choofe Jefus, and his inexhauftible fulnefs of bleffings, as my por
tion, and my everlafting all !

God's ordinances

CHAP. XII.

to be obferved.

Beforechrift an{1 break their pillars, and burn their

gVcr. 30. 31. ch. 16.
21, 22. & vs. 18.
Lev. 20. 23.

28.
26. 3-

groves with fire ; and ye fhall hew down
fE4XOzech'.,iii.^K: tne graven images of their gods, f and
ia,***.*. deftroy the names of them out of that
place. 4 ^[ Ye s fhall not do fo unto the Lord
your God.
hS',IKin.r'87.8'.6j' 5 But h unto the place which the Lord
29ch?.7.4i2"'Kin. your God fhall choofe out of all your
joiiitg1'^'.9'18' tribes ta put his name there, even unto
^s^'"^: his l habitation, fhall ye feek, and thither
j!p^-JA'.| thou fhalt come :
f^'.H.^'* ^ ^nc* k tmt^er ye ma^ bring your
kLev.,7.3,5i9- burnt-offerings, and your facrifices, and
kH''I vour tithes, and heave-offerings of your
%$^is,i'- hand, and your vows, and your free
will-offerings, and the firftlings of your
herds and of your flocks :
iN™-8i8.io.Yer. 7 And there ye * fhall eat before the
1p1.1282.ch.15. Lord your God, and ye m fhall rejoice in
10. & 23. 20. & . * , j 1 _ j ,
. 3-J3- Lev. af 1 that ye put your hand unto, ye and
your houfeholds, wherein the Lord thy
God hath blefled thee.
^.Vsaui-'ifo! 8 Ye fhall - not do after all the things
'vX'd'zlX?' that we do here this day, every man
whatfoever is right in his own eyes.
9 For ye are not as yet come to the
"l^'fito.'^; reft" and to the inheritance which the
^.'ir. s^zliiv'. Lord your God giveth you.
10 But when ye go over Jordan, and
dwell in the land which the Lord your
God giveth you to inherit, and when he
giveth you reft from all your enemies
rl%%1ju^l' round about, fo that p ye dwell in fafety;
j,.*.8.7.,Kin: j j Then ^^ ft^,, be q & pkce which
'ri^jofli^i's!": tne Lord your God fhall choofe to caufe
pf78.&,i"^69. his name to dwell there; thither fliall ye
X6.&33-7- " bring all that I command you; your
burnt-offerings, and your facrifices, your
tithes, and the heave-offering of your
*"°r'i'.*""°/ hand, and all + your choice vows which
ye vow unto the Lord:
rExrJ.'2,eh,'.,-,7: I2 And ye fhall r rejoice before the
¦ fslm.^'j'^ver. Lord your God, ye, and your fons, and
18. 19. ch. 14.26, j y . i J r
*7-&io.9. your daughters, and your men-fervants,
and your maid-fervants, and the Levite
s Num. iS. 2c, 23, i_ . • • 1 • r r 1
24. & 26. 62 ch. that is within your gates; foralmuch as
10.9. & 14. 27, 29. ... J ° . .
,&is.i,2. ne hath s no part nor inheritance with
tVer.6,7, n.Njm.
22. 4i. sc 13. 1, 14, you.
¦zt, 29. 1 Kin. 12. J ' ,-,.,_
28.2Kin.17.9- 13 t Take heed to thyfelf, that thou

offer not thy burnt-offerings in every
place that thou feeft :

Before Chrift
1452.

may
as common

14 But u in the place which the Lord upt7i: &,'&,%.
fhall choofe in one of thy tribes, there 2o.&4i62l-i6!5&
J ' 17. 8. & 18. 16. 8c
thou fhalt offer thy burnt-offerings, and $<£& ?:,%„.
there thou fhalt do all that I command !',i,19'&9i'
thee. 15 ^[Notwithftanding, thou mayeft kill
and eat flefh in all thy gates, whatfoever
thy foul lufteth after, according to the
bleffing of the Lord thy God which he
hath given thee : x the unclean and the" *v£\f'ffjfr
clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck, food"
and as of the hart.
16 y Only ye fhall not eat the blood ; Y%hfl£-°f%,
ye fhall pour it upon the earth as water. ,f£,i7 i'l^izf.
1 7 ^f z Thou mayeft not eat within *££i£i*s>a.
thy gates the tithe of thy corn, or of thy zver. 6, 7,11-14:
wine, or of thy oil, or the firftlings of f£^£^f*'
thy herds or of thy flock, nor any of thy
vows which thou voweft, nor thy free
will-offerings, or heave-offering of thine
hand: 18 a But thou muft eat them before a ^.'.^J &'.""
the Lord thy God in the place which the M'
Lord thy God fhall choofe, thou^ and
thy fon, and thy daughter, and thy man-
fervant, and thy maid-fervant, and b the bsv"f^y-^
Levite that is within thy gates : and thou
fhalt rejoice before the Lord thy God in
all that thou putteft thine hands unto.
19 <ff c Take heed to thyfelf, that thou "%%&?*¦»:
forfake not the-Levite U-as long as thou 1^5. i^w.
liveft upon thy earth. „ Heb. m a, dV.
20 ^ When the Lord thy God d fhall d°|i*8-£f »£
enlarge thy border, as he hath promifed % "'^ EMd-
thee, and thou fhalt fay, I will eat flefli ;
becaufe thy foul longeth to eat flefh ;
thou mayeft eat flefli, whatfoever thy foul
lufteth after.
21 § If the place which the Lord thy * ^ feems thal;n
I . ¦/ the wilderncis
God hath chofen, to put his name there, {h^S^or
be too far from thee, then thou fhalt kill ^iV' X
of thy herd and of thy flock, which the n°inir,:d^-
Lord hath given thee, as I have com
manded thee, and thou flialt eat in thy
gates whatfoever thy foul lufteth after.
22 ? Even as the roebuck and the hart esceve!_K.c„. .4.
is eaten, fo thou flialt eat them: the un
clean and the clean fhall eat of them alike.
O 02

How facred things mufl be eaten.

DEUTERONOMY.

Idolaters not to be imitated*

Before Chrifl
1452-
* Heb. be front.
f Ver. 16. Gen. 9. 4.
Lev.3.17. 8c7. 26.
& 17. 10 — 14, ch.
15, 23. I Sam. 14.
32. Ezek. 33. 25.

g If.,3- jo. & j. 10.
& 48. 18, 19. Pf.
JI2. z. ver. 28.
ch. 13.18.

t Ver. 6,7, ii,,i8.

i Lev. 1. 5, 8, ij.

k Peaee-ofteringr,
Lev. i. iii. Sc-j. 15.
Num. vii. iKin.
2. 63. ver. 7.

1 Mat. 28. 20. j Cor.
15. 58. ver. r, 25.
Pf. 19.11.11.3.10.
&r. 19. Tit. 2.11,
12. &3.8. 1 Tim.
4-*.

SB Gen. IJ. 18—21.
Exod. 23. 31. 8c
34. II, 24. Pf. 78,
S5-&44- V &
135. 10—12. &
J30. 17 — 22. ch. 7.
1, 16, 24. 8c 9. 3.
& 11. 23 — 25. .
Jofh. vi — xxi.
¦r Heb. inheriteft, or
fcfjeffefi them.
riCh.7. 4,16,25, 26.
JSxod. 23. 13, 33.
Lev. 18. 3. Judg.
z. 2, 3. Num. 33.
£2. Pf. 106. 34—
38. Ezek. 20. 28.
J John 5. 21.
jThe>. 5. 26. Pf.
16. 4. ver. 3, 4.
4 Heb. after them.

« See ver. 4.
ft Heb. abosnination of
tin.

23 Only * be fure f that thou eat not
the blood ; for the blood is the life, and
thou mayeft not eat the life with the
flefh. 24 Thou fhalt not eat it ; thou fhalt
pour it upon the earth as water.
15 Thou fhalt not eat it ; that it may
go B well with thee, and with thy chil
dren after thee, when thou fhalt do that
which is right in the fight of the Lord.
26 h Only thy holy things which thou
haft, and thy vows, thou fhalt take, and
go unto the place which the Lord fhall
choofe :
2 7 And thou ' fhalt offer thy burnt-
offerings, the flefh and the blood, upon
the altar of the Lord thy God : and the
blood of thy k facrifices fhall be poured out
upon the. altar of the Lord thy God, and
thou fhalt eat the flefh.
28 1 Obferve and hear all thefe words
which I command thee, that it may go
well with thee, and with thy children.
after thee for ever, when thou doft that
which is good and
the Lord thy God.
29 ^[m When the Lord thy God fhall
cut off the nations from before thee,
whither thou goeft to poflefs them, and
thou + fucceedeft them, and dwelleft in
their land ;
30 n Take heed to thyfelf, that thou
be not fnared + by following them after
that they be deftroyed from before thee ;
and that thou inquire not after their
gods, faying, How did thefe nations
ferve their gods ? even fo will I do like-
wife. 3 1 ° Thou fhalt not do fo unto the
Lord thy God : for H every abomination
to the Lord which he hateth have they
done unto their gods; for even their fons

right

in the fight of

pLev. 18. 21." 8c 20.
2. Jer. 7. 3I.&32.
35. Ezek. 20. 31.
« 21. 37. Mic 6.
7. ch. 18. 10.
q Ch. 4. 2. & ij. 18.
& 5. 29, 32. & 11.
32, 33. Jofh. 1. 7.
Prov. SQ.ss. Rev.
22. 18, 10. Mat.
28. 20.

and their daughters they have ' burnt in Bef°;e5^rift
the fire to their gods.
32 q What thing foever I command
you, obferve to do it : thou fhalt not add
thereto, nor diminifh from it.
CHAP. XIII.
Having warned the Ifraelites againft the peril of ido
latry, arifiing from their , Canaanitifh predeceffors,
he now guards them againft the rife of idolatry from
among themfelves; charges them to tefift the tempta
tion, and inftid the punifhment of death \ upon fuch
as attempted to f educe them to it ; whether ( I ) By
pretence of infpired direclion from God, and foretell
ing future events ; 1 — 5; or (2) Of friendfhip and
relation; 6 — ii; or (3) Ofthe numbers who had
already praclified it; 12 — 18.
F there arife among you a a prophet, *Mtkz\t,f;£

I

and giveth

23. 25. & 2. 8. &
14- 14- & 27. 9.
J Kin. 18. 9, 22.
Ezek. 13. 3, 4.
Zeph. 3. 4.

C Ch. 18. 22. Rev.
13. 13,14. 2Thef.
2.9; — 11. Mat-. 24.
24. & 7. 22, . "

or a dreamer of dreams,
thee a b fign or a wonder ;
2 And the fign or the wonder c come ° Exod. ^a., ««,
to pafs whereof he fpake unto thee, fay
ing, Let us go after other gods, (which
thou haft not known,) and let us ferve
them; 3 Thou fhalt d not hearken unto the *'«+?&?: »Jjj
words of that prophet, or that dreamer
of dreams : for the Lord your e God
proveth you, to know whether ye love
the Lord your God with all your heart
and with all your foul. ;
4 Ye f fliall walk after the Lord your !%l&-£ff£ *
God, and fear him, and keep his com
mandments, and obey his voice, and ye
fhall ferve him, and cleave unto him.
5 And that prophet, or that dreamer
of dreams, fhall be * put to death ; becaufe s «:££¦£•,:
he hath * h fpoken to tumyou away, from *£%|;£Yo*d.
the Lord your God, who brought you usee
out of the land of Egypt, and redeemed*
you out of the houfe of bondage, to thruft
thee out of the way which the Lord thy
God commanded thee to walk in. So ^tZfilz&ll

17. » «.
e Gen. 22. 1. Exod.
15. 25. ch. 8. 2.
2 Chr. 32. 31.
I Pet. 1. 7, Jam.
1. 12.

1 John 5. 21. Mic.
6. I. Tit. 2. 1 1,
12. Phil. 4. 8.

'4.

ver 1, 2. with
Exod. vi — xiv.

1g.ei21.22. &22.

fhalt thou s put the evil away from the s?'.*^',^
• 1 r\ r- 1 ' "5- *Tim. 2. 16,
midft of thee. *¦ R™- *• * 6-
ver. 11.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Abominable to God is all
will worfhip. And it is impoffible to reconcile the worfhip of God
and mammon — of Chrift and Belial. But, in the beft ordered
churches on earth, fomething will ftill be defective. Perfect purity
is referved for the heavenly Canaan : and therefore, in cafes of
neceffity, fome ordinances of worfhip may be omitted, which in
other circumftahces would render us highly culpable. The ex
cellency of worfhip lies not in any pompous form, but in its exa£t
correfpondence- with God's prefcriptions. Let me then not merely

ceafe from evil, but learn to do well. Let me attend to, and im
prove, every inftituted ordinance of fellowfhip with God. Let his
inftitutions, not any cuftom or law of men, whether under the
beft or the worft of governments, be the ftandard of my religious
obfervances. Let not only my folemn eating and drinking at his
table, but even my ordinary refrefhments, be conducted according
to his prefcriptions, and intended chiefly for his glory. And never
fliould his minifters be ftraitened, or his poor ftarved, while I am
able to relieve them.

Seducers to idolatry ', and thofe

CHAP. XIII. XIV.

/educed to it^ to be JJain*

Before Chrift
H52'
ItCh. 17. 2. Gen. 43.
34. Mic.7.7.Prov.
18. 24. 2 Sam. 1.
26. 1 Sam. 18. 1.
1 Col. 2. 4. Eph. 4.
14. 2Tim. j. 6.
Jude 4; 1 John 5.
19. Pi. 147. 19,20.
m Ch, 32. 16— 18.
Judg. 5. 8. &2.
13. & 10.6. iKin.
11. 5,7. 2 Kin. 17.
3°> 31.

n2Johnx.Exod.20. 3. Prov. 1. ic, 15.
Gal. 1,8,9. 1 John
5. 21.
o Ch. 7. 16. & 19.
13, 21. & 17.2— 7.

p Ch. 17, 7. Lev. 24.

q Lev. 20. 2, 27. &
24. 14, 16, z%.
Num. .5. 35, 36.
ch.i7.5.-&2i. zi.
&22. 21,24. Jofh.
7. 25. 2 Chr. 24.
si. Ails 7. 58.

f Bondmen,

t Ch. 17. 13. & 19.
20. &2T.2I. Prov.
21. II. & 19. 25.
2 Tim, 5. 20.

S Jofh. 22. IT, SCC,
Judg. 20. I, 2.

t Zawle's naughty
7W», Judg-. 19. 22.
I Sam. 1. 16. & 2.
'12. & 10. 27. Sc
25. 2.5- iSam. 16.
7. & 20. 1. I Kin.
21. 10. Prov. 19.
28. 2 Cor. 6. 15.
u 1 John 2. 19. Jude
19. "ch. 4. 19.
a Kin. 17. 21.
x Ch.17. 4. Sc 19. 18,
Job 29. 16.

6 % If k thy brother, the fon of thy
mother, or thy fon, or thy daughter, or the
wife of thy bofom, or thy friend, which is
as thine own foul, l entice thee fecretly,
faying, Let us go and ferve other gods,
(m which thou haft not known, thou,
nor thy fathers ;
7 Namely, of the gods of the people
which are round about you, nigh unto
thee, or far off from thee, from the one
end of the earth even unto the other end
of the earth,)
8 Thou fhalt n not confent unto him,
nor hearken unto him ; neither fhall thine
eye ° pity him, neither fhalt thou fpare,
neither fhalt thou conceal him;
9 But p thou fhalt furely kill him ;
thine hand fhall be firft upon him to put
him to death, and afterwards the hand
of all the people.
10 And thou fhalt q ftone him with
ftones, that he die ; becaufe he hath
fought to thruft thee away from the
Lord thy God, who brought thee out
of the land of Egypt, from the houfe * 0f

bondage. . 1 1 And r all Ifrael fhall hear, and fear,
and fhall do no more any fuch wickednefs
as this' is among you.
12 $[ s If thou fhalt hear fay in one of
thy cities, which the Lord thy' God hath
given thee to dwell there, faying,
13 Certain men, l the children of
Belial, are u gone out from among you,
and have withdrawn the inhabitants of
their city, faying, Let us go and ferve
other gods, (which ye have not known,)
14 Then fhalt thou x inquire, and make

Before Chrift
1452.

y-Ch. 7. 2, 16. 8c T.
34. Rev. 17. 16. &
18. 18. 8c 19. 3.
Jofh. 6. 21, 24, 26,
Exod. 22. 20. Lev.
27.28.

fearch, and afk diligently : and, behold,
if it be truth, andthe thing certain, that
fuch abomination is wrought among
you ;
15 Thou flialt furely ? fmite the in
habitants of that city with the edge of
the fword, deftroying it utterly, and all
that is therein, and the cattle thereof,
with the edge of the fword.
1 6 And thou fhalt gather all the fpoil
of it into the midft of the ftreet thereof,
and flialt burn with fire the city, • and all
the fpoil thereof every whit, for the Lord
thy God : and it fliall be an heap for
ever ; it fhall not be built again.
1 7 And there fhall cleave nought ofthe
z curfed thing to thine hand: a that the
Lord may turn from the fiercenefs of his
an°;er, and fhew thee mercv, and have a Lev. 26. 40-45-
compaffion upon thee, and multiply thee, >
as he hath fworn unto thy fathers ;
1 8 When thou flialt hearken to the
voice of the Lord thy God, to keep all
his commandments which I command
thee this day, to do that which is right
in the eyes of the Lord thy God.
" CHAP. XIV.
Here Mofes teaches them { I ) To dlftinguijh- themfelves
as the children and people of God from their heathen:
neighbours, in their humane and moderate, mourning
for their dead; l, 1; and in the purity . of their.
food, eating nothing of unclean beafts, or even of clean
ones which had died of themfelves ; and ta prepare
nothing in an inhuman or fuperftttious manner j
3 — 21. (2) To mark themfelves, and whatever they-
had,to~be the Lord's property, by their exacl payment
of the tithes, whether the yearly ones, or that of the
third' year, for the ufe ofthe religious feftivals, ther
Levites, or the poor; 22 — 29.

z Or deveted', Lev*
27. 29. ch. 7. 26,
Jofh. 6. 17, 18. St
7. 1, 11, 12.'& 22V.
20. If. 30. 22.

25. Ii. 1. 19. &
3. 10. Rora. 2. 7,
10. 1 Cor. 15. 58.
ch. 12. 15, 32. Pf.
19. 11. Tit. 3. 8,
14. iTim. 4. 8.'
Mal. 6. 33,

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — Provoking to God, and
dangerous to men, is the fin of idolatry, with refpecT: to the object
or means of worfhip ; yet finners are much fet upon it, and need
to be held back by the greateft reftraints. With what care, what
zeal, what impartiality, minifters and magiftrates ought therefore
fo oppofe the very firft appearances of it ! -No teftimony, however
ftrongly fupported, is . admiffible againft the revealed truths of
God. No pretence of infpiration from God, no femblance of
miracles, no tie of natural affection, ought to make us connive
at the feducers. Though temptations be doubly bewitching which
come through thofe whom we love, and hope of fecrecy and fecu-
rity in fin is a great fnare to lead men into it, yet let us remember
that to conceal or protect fuch criminals is to render ourfelves par
takers in their crimes.. If they are become obftinate, in their evil

way, they ought no longer to be reckoned as confeientioufly miP
taken perfons, but as children of Belial, who are perfectly loft to-
all manner of virtue, and become nuifances and plagues to both,
church and ftate. If their quality or multitude protect them from.
human juftice, the vengeance of God will ftiortly find them out;
for all that depart from him fhall furely perifh. But, in our zeal
for the pure worfhip of God, we muft at once teftify our detefta-
tion of idolatry or fuperftition, and plainly manifeft that in our
zeal we have no eye to promote our own carnal advantage. And
whatever power magiftrates may have from God to punifh fuch
evil-doers, for the prefervation of the true religion where it is,,
they can' fhew no warrant for the exertion of force in the propa
gation of it,

ifhe Hebrews* mourning, food,

DEUTERONOMY.

andfeafiing, are prefcribed?-

Before Chrift
1452.

Ezek. ,.
4. Acts'iol 13.
c Lev. 11, 2—20,

• Or bifn.
<r Heb. diflion.

YE a are the children ofthe Lord your
God: b ye fhall not cut yourfelves,
2Cor.6.ia'. ' nor make any baldnefs between your
b2i:5.Jicin:{* eyes for the dead.
5'*i'&f&i^' 2 ° ^or t^10U art an noV people unto
sch.7.6.&26.is, the Lord thy God, and the Lord hath
99'&mP-9-j«^.- chofen thee to be a peculiar people unto
UiTf'z'i'.1' himfelf, above all the nations that are
f£;.l9fh. upon the earth.
*Le.r'i,.i=-i2, 3 ^[dThou fhalt not eat any abomi-
1J,4i,44in'6i. nable thing.
4 e Thefe are the beafts which ye fhall
eat : the ox, the fheep, and the goat,
.5 The hart, and the roebuck, and the
fallow deer, and the wild goat, and the
* + pygarg, and the wild ox, and the
chamois.
*\%.l2teflr: 6 And f every beaft that parteth the
Aite I. II. & 24. , - , J ,-r.
i6.pi-.j-*. hoof, and cleaveth the cleft into two
claws, and cheweth the cud among the
beafts, that ye fhall eat.
E^U.lp 7 Neverthelefs, * thefe ye fhall not eat
zjfzPafZ.'si- of them that chew the cud, or of them
that divide the cloven- hoof; as the
camel, and the hare, and the coney : for
they chew the cud, but divide not the
hoof; therefore they are unclean unto
you. •8 And the fwine, becaufe it divideth
the hoof, yet cheweth not the cud, it is
unclean unto you : ye fhall not eat of
their flefh, nor touch their dead carcafe.
9 % h Thefe ye fhall eat of all that are
in the waters: all that have fins and
fcales fhall ye eat :
1 o And J whatfoever hath not fins and
fcales ye may not eat ; it is unclean unto
you. 11 % Of all clean birds ye fhall eat.
1 2 But thefe are they of which ye fhall
not eat : the k eagle, and the offifrage,
and the ofpray,
13 And the glede, and the kite, and
the vulture after his kind,
14 And every raven after his kind,
"£ i^ftijk 1 5 And tne X owl, and the night-hawk,
i:,7M9h's'8'& and the cuckoo, and the hawk after his
kind^ 16 The little owl, and the great owl,
and the fw an,

h Lev. n. o. Rom.
13.14. Acts 20. 21,
-Gal. 5. 6.

* Lev. 11.10. Gal- 6.
15. John 3. 3, 5.
Luke 13. 3, 5.

It Lev. 11. 13— ts.
Pf. 14. 1 — 5-Ro:n
ill — -xviji. Tit. 3
3. Eph. 2. 2, 3.
2. Tim. 3. 2 — 5.

Before Chrifl
1453.

17 And the pelican, and the gier- eagle
and the cormorant,
18 And the ftork, and the heron after
her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat.
19 And m every creeping thing that ml%^:^ff
flieth is unclean unto you : they fhall not l^itffft^
be eaten.
20 n But of all clean fowls ye may eat. n ^""piaSw?
21 % Ye ° fhall not eat cf any thing &.7,:'£&
that dieth of itfelf: thou fhalt give it ° ^y .,.%£
unto the * ftranger that is in thy gates, s'7'"'
that he may eat it ; or thou mayeft fell
it unto an alien : q for thou art an holy *^ci\ffi?-£
people unto the Lord thy God. r Thou J;?*-**^
flialt not feethe a kid ia his mother's r!fd-^-^r&
34. 20. 1 TheL 5.
milk. «.Rom.j2.2.
22 5fThou fhalt5 truly tithe all the ' feft5?3L
increafe of thy feed, that the field bring- %'*'*»,%¦ H'll'.
eth forth year by year.
23 f And thou * fhalt eat before the 'g *$•!££
Lord thy God, in the place which he m^SW
fhall choofe to place his name there, the
tithe of thy corn, of thy wine, and of
thine oil, and the firftlings of thy herds
and of thy flocks ; that thou mayeft learn
to fear the Lord thy God always.
24 % And u if the way be too long; for nGen.is.ii.Ex«i.
» IJ J O 23. 31. ch. 12. II,
thee, fo that thou art not able to carry &"-1*-
it ; or if the place be too far from thee,
x which the Lord thy God fhall choofe *g^£j||
to fet his' name there, when the Lord l^'^o^
thy God hath blefled thee ;
25 Then fhalt thou turn it into money,
and bind up the money in thine hand,
and fhalt go unto the place which the
Lord thy God fhall choofe :
26 And thou flialt y bellow that money yw*. ».«.*..»
for whatfoever thy foul lufteth after, for
oxen, or for fheep, x>r for wine, or for
ftrong drink, or for whatfoever thy foul
" defireth : and thou fhalt eat there before »»">¦«••****
the Lord thy God, and thou fhalt re
joice, thou and thine houfehold.
27 And z the Levite that is within thy '^.V^SS
gates, thou fhalt not forfake him ; for he *.°a'£^ViS-:
1^1 • 1 -ii- 5->*. J3- iTini.
bath no part nor inheritance with thee. s-'?-
28 ^[ At the end of three years thou
a fhalt bring forth all the tithe of thine '?;•£.?;&?
r 1 S" -i rt -i t • tithe, or tli« le-
increafe the fame year, and flialt lay?/ siiVw0"""
up within thy gates .

Levites, fir angers, Sec. to be cared for.

CHAP. XV.

A year of releafe appointed.

Befo^chrin 2^ And the Levite) ^ecaufe b he hath
bsum.18.20.^. no part nor inheritance with thee,) c and
TI'S'1l\ the ftranger, and the fatherlefs, andthe
C EXOd. 22. 22. Ch. 1 -1
i-iir&le uu,' widow, who are within thy gates, fhall
i4. & k>. 19, *°- come> an(j (hall eat and be fatisfied;
d F.roIi,525^ sz*. d that the Lord thy God may blefs thee
,..'23cof.9.'6t!o: in all the work of thine hand which thou
Gen. 22. 17. & 30. , j->
2-7, jo. & 39. 3. doit*
ch. 28. 2—14.
Lev, 26. 3— IJ.
Prov. 10.22. CHAP. XV.
In this chapter Mofes gives orders ( 1 ) That all debts,
owing by the Hebrews to one another, fhould be releafed
on the feventh or fiabbatical year; 1 — 6 ; and yet
that none, for fear of lofing their money, fimtld deny
lending to their poor brethren; 7 — n. (2) That,
after fix years fervice, all Hebrew bond-fervants
fhould be dif miffed free, and. with fome gratuitous
donations, as a flock to enable them to fet up for
themfelves, unlefs they fhould refufe to accept their
freedom; 12 — 18. (3) That all their firftlings,
male or female, fhould be devoted to the Lord alone,
and offered in facrifice, if unblemifhed ; but none of
the blood, even of the blemijhed, eaten ; 1 9 — 23.
a Ex^ii^Tfczj. A T the end of * every feven years thou
Jer.'sVu'Lke jLA. fhalt make a releafe.
4. 18. ir. si. 1, 2.
&634- 2 And this is the manner of the re-
'^thistn'd. leafe: Every '"creditor that lendeth ought
unto his neighbour fhall releafe //; he
fhall not exa£l it of his neighbour, or of
his brother; becaufe it is called the
Lord's releafe.
b46'.7?M«.Is.^ 3 b Of a foreigner thou mayeft exa&
Lnke 19.13. John ^ ^.^ . 1^,. ^ ^^ Jg tning with
thy brother thine hand fhall releafe ;
^tlVtii:™" 4 + Save when there fhall be no poor
e£T,r».*„. amons y°u ; for the Lord fhaU c sreatly
SYs^if47' blefs thee in the land which the Lord
thy God giveth theeyor an inheritance
to poflefs it :
d&;?.'i'|,*,6ph,?i: 5 dOnly if' thou carefully hearken
IVffgfkpa, unto the voice of the Lord thy God, to
iTto.4r.'s.,T?t: obferve to do all thefe commandments
which I command thee this day.

31. 20. ver. 11.

h Prov. 23.6. SczS.
a 22. Mat. 20. 15.
ch. 28. 54, 56.
Heb. word.

6 For the Lord thy God bleffeth thee, B%cffia
as he promifed thee ; and e thou fhalt e 01.28.12,44^1-.
lend unto many nations, but thou fhalt IL?.1'
not borrow ; and thou fhalt reign over
many nations, but they fhall not reign
over thee.
f 5[ If there be among you a poor man
of one of thy brethren within any of thy
gates, in thy land which the Lord thy
God giveth thee, thou f fhalt not harden f '$:?££ g."
thine heart, nor fhut thine hand from thy j^Vmm.'*
. , J 30. 11.32. 8. A3*
poor brother ; *°-35-
8 sBut thou fhalt open thine hand e%1&tzhte
wide unto him, and fhalt furely lend him \ M-rf-'&v!'
fufficient for his need in that which he
wanteth. 9 h Beware that there be not
+ thought in thy H wicked heart, faying, t
The feventh year, the year of releafe,. is iiHcb.jB.iw.
at hand ; and thine eye be evil againft thy
poor brother, and thou giveft him nought ;
and he cry unto the Lord againft thee,
and it be ' fin unto thee. il^,,,!M,?-rWl" 15. 24. 1 John 3.
10 Thou fhalt k furely give him, and ^',17^
thine heart fhall not be grieved when thou- V-,AC" * J""
giveft unto him: becaufe that for this d%:l1,:H,Zi'
thing the Lord thy God fhall blefs thee
in all thy works, and in all that thou put-
teft thine hand unto. ft
1 1 For the 1 poor fhall never ceafe out ^VAJftfii.
of the land : therefore I command thee,
faying, m Thou fhalt open thine hand VfishZ'.^t
• 1 ^ ill 1 , Job 16. 19. Prov.
wide unto thy brother, to thy poor, and J4-&'J,-^,S1
to thy needy, in thy land. Jli.*^-"' ""•¦
1 2 5T And n if thy brother, an Hebrew nVxoi- "¦ *• ier-
ll J * _ 34. 14. Lev. 25. 39
man, or an Hebrew woman, be fold unto
thee, and ferve thee fix years ; then in
the feventh year thou flialt let him go>
free from thee.
13 And when thou fendeft him out

-41. John 8. 32,
36. Rom. 7. 4,
J Cor. 9. 21.

_ Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — If I am the Lord's; if, by
his choice, .his blood, his grace, his power, he hath diftinguifhed
me from the world ; let me never affect conformity to the foolifh,
finful, and barbarous cuftoms of jt. If God himfelf be my God
and my all, let me never idolatroufly mourn for the death of rela
tions, as if I had nothing left, or had no hope. If my body be the
temple ofthe Holy Ghoft, bought with Jefus' blood, let me never
disfigure or deform it. If I live on meat which cometh down
from heaven, let me never difhonour my Provider and Portion by
a bafe lulling after, or catching at, any thing earthly and vile
Such as are not fatisfied with the lawful gratifications which God
allows them will myet be fatisfied in the gratification of their law-

lefs lufts. And, though under the gofpel I am not fo reftrictei
from the flefh of animals, yet I am. no. lefs reftricted from inti
macy and fellowlhip with unclean, finners, and their works of
darknefs and death.. Here likewife I may learn that there is need
of frequent and diligent affembling hefore God, to render us faith
ful in his fervice; that the ways of religion abound with joys and
pleafures, and afford the fureft grounds of thankfulnefs ; and that
there is the greateft advantage in kindnefs to God's minifters, the
poor, the fatherlefs,. and widows. Let him therefore demand what.
he will for his fervice out of my outward eftate, and may I give it
cheerfully and feafonably ! God loveth a cheerful giver ; and will
fupply all my need, according to his riches in glory by Chrift Jefus.

.Kindnefs ta fervants-. firfifings offered. DEUTERONOMY.

"Laws ofthe paffover repeated.

Before Chrift
'452-
c Lev. 25. 42, 45.
Biov. 30. o. & 3.
27, 28 Eph. 1. j.
& 3. 19. iCor. 3.
2.2. Rom. 8, 32.
5C0I. 2. 10.&3.11.

p Ch. -16. 12. Lev.
25. 42. Exorl. 20.
2, See. Eph. 2. 1 —
a2. Tit. 2. 11 — 14.
lute I. 74. 75-

« Sxoo. sr. 5— II.
Pf. 40. 6— S.

rLev. -25. 39— 42.
till death, or the
year of jubilee.

s Ver, 14.

- t Luke 17. 7V8. with
If.,i6.i4i &21.16.
Hired iervants
¦llaid three years,
and this ftaid fix.

-llExoel.13.2, 12. &
34. 19. Lev. 27.
26. Num. 3. 10. Sc
18. 17. Col. 1. 15,
IS. Rev. 14. 4.

s Second firftlings,
ch. 12. 5 — 7, 17,
58. 8c 14.23. Num.
18. y.

y Ch. J7. 1. Lev. 22.
zo— 25. &1.3, 10.
&cs. 1,6. 8c 4. 3,
28. & 9. 3. & 14.
jo. & 5. 5, 18. &
6. 6. Num. 19. 2.
1 Mal. I. 8, 13, 14.
Heb. 7. 26. 1 Pet.
1. 19.

free from thee thou ° fhalt not let him
go away empty:
14 Thou fhalt furnifh him liberally
out of thy flock, and out qf thy floor,
and out of thy wineprefs : of that where
with the Lord thy God hath blefled
thee thou fhalt give unto him.
15 And thou p fhalt remember that
thou waft a bond- man in the land of
Egypt, and the Lord thy God redeemed
thee : therefore I command thee this
thing to-day.
1 6 And it fhall be * if he fay. unto thee,
I will not go away from thee ; becaufe
he loveth thee and thine houfe, becaufe
he is well with thee ; -: ¦
1 7 Then thou flialt take an awl, and
thruft it through his ear unto the door,
and he fhall be thy fervant r for ever.
And alfo unto thy maid-fervant thou
flialt do likewife.
1 8 It fhall not feem s hard unto thee
when thou fendeft him away from thee ;
for he hath been worth a t double-hired
fervant fo thee, in ferving thee fix years:
and the Lord thy God fhall blefs thee
in all that thou doft.
1 9 ^[ u All the firftling males that come
of thy herd, and of thy flock, thou fhalt
fanclify unto the Lord thy God: thou
fhalt do no work with the x firftling of thy
bullock, nor fliear the firftling of thy fheep.
20 Thou fhalt eat it before the Lord
thy God year by year in the place which
the J_x>rd fliall choofe, thou and thy
houfehold. 2 1 y And if there be any blemifh there
in, as f it be lame, or blind, or have any
ill blemifh, thou fhalt not facrifice it unto
the Lord thy God.

22 Thou fhalt

eat * it within thy Bt;e5^ift
gates ': the unclean and the clean perfon z ch. a. »,-, a.
fhall eat it alike, ">' as the roebuck, and as tAs comraon food-
the hart.
. 23
thereof ;

Only thou fhalt not eat the blood 'Sn^S.,.
pour it upon, the' St^'itS;
¦*¦ A 14. 32. Ezek. jj,
25.

thou fhalt

ground as water

CHAP. XVI.
Here we have a repetition of the laws concerning the
three yearly feafts of the paffover, I — 8 ; pente
coft, 9 — 12; and tabernacles, 13 — 15; and the
people's attendance on them; 16, 17. (2) Orders
given for the appointment of inferior magiftrates,
and for the righteous manner of their adminiftra-
trons ; 18 — 20. (3) A prohibition of groves near
God's altar, and of images; 21, 22.
3SERVE the
keep

month of Abib, and '^-^tlTLl',.
the paflbver unto the Lord l.'dlMTcof.
thy God : for b in the month of Abib the

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — In this year of releafe I
behold the acceptable, the evangelical, and the eternal, year of
God's redeemed ; in which we, infinite debtors to the law and
juftice of God, are juftified from all things; and we, bond- finners
of mankind, are reftored to our liberty, and enriched by his grace
¦with bleffings innumerable and everlafting. But let me think alfo
how irreligious and inhumane is feverity towards poor but
honeft debtors; it entails a curfe upon our property. And
it is bafe to make God's kindnefs to the poor an occafion of
our unkindnefs to them. To refufe lending to them, if induf-
trious, when we have God to be their furety, who will repay
us with ufury, is abfurd j but efpecially is it dangerous to have

b Exod. xii. xiii. &
Lord thy God brought thee forth out of 34l8'&Ii"s-
-Egypt hy night.
2 Thou flialt therefore c facrifice the c f^'sJSJ
paflbver unto the Lord thy God, ofthe '"s1?'2"5''
flock and the herd, in the place which the
Lord fhall choofe to place his name
there. .
3 d Thou fhalt eat no leavened bread ^itXffk
with it; feven days flialt thou eat un'-. &^%&A\L
leavened bread therewith, even the bread z«*7-'«-°°-s'
of affliction ; for e thou cameft forth out e ^l",'. I!' "'
of the land of Egypt in hafte ; that thou
mayeft remember the day when thou
cameft forth out of the land of Egypt all
the days of thy life.
4 f And there fhall be no leavened bread ^.Vf*^?,
feen with thee in all thy coafts feven

JS>
18, 19. 8c 13.6,7.
'Lev. 23. 6. Num.
days; E neither fliall there any thing of ^'^
the flefh, which thou facrificedft the firft '^.JcS&S

night

until the

day at even, remain all
morning. 5 Thou mayeft not h facrifice the paff- •

their cry afcending to heaven againft us. And often will it be
found what we call prudence, in withholding from them, is held
extremely finful and criminal before God. He knows and remarks
every thought of our hearts ; and it is not fo much the gift, as the
temper of the giver, that he regards. Servants likewife ought to
be treated with ten'dernefs and kindnefs, efpecially if foufid faith
ful, — It is important to watch againft every fuggeftion which may
divert us from our duty, or difcourage us in it  But while in thefe
firftlings I fee Jefus, and ail his redeemed, devoted to the honour
of God, according to their refpedive purity and ftations, let me
think with what exactnefs every thing belonging to the Lord ought
to be ufed in his fervice in the very manner prefcribed by himfelf.

Of peniecof and feaf qf tabernacles

CHAP. XVI.

Magiftrates' power and duly-

Before Chrift '
1452.

kExcd.i2.S. Pf.i;
J3- 14.

1 See ver. 3,4. Exod.
12. 15, 16. & 13.
6. Num. 28. 17

ing,

over within any of thy gates, which the
Lord thy God giveth thee :
6 But at the place which the Lord
thy God fhall choofe to place his name
in, there thou fhalt facrifice the paflbver
i^&"'.&*ptt.'iat even, at the going down of the fun,
,^20. Mat. 27. at t^e feafon j.^ t\yOU cameft forth out
of Egypt.
7 And thou fhalt k roaft and eat it in
the place which the Lord thy God fhall
choofe : and thou fhalt turn in the morn-
and go unto thy tents.
8 1 Six days fhalt thou eat unleavened
^.^.23.6^-8. breacl; zn(\ 0n the feventh day Jhall be a
tHeb.rfl,r«nt. t folemn aflembly to the Lord thy God ;
thou flialt do no work therein.
o %m Seven weeks fhalt thou number
unto thee : begin to number the feven
weeks from Juch time as thou beginneft
to put the fickle to the corn.
10 And thou fhalt keep the feaft of
weeks unto the Lord thy God with
t n a tribute of a free-will-offering of thine
hand, which thou fhalt give unto the
LORD thy God, according as the Lord
thy God hath blefled thee :
1 1 And thou ° fhalt rejoice before the
Lord thy God, thou, and thy fon, and
thy daughter, and thy man-fervant, and
thy maid-fervant, and the Levite that is
within thy gates, and the ftranger, and
the fatherlefs, and the widow, that are
among you, in the place which the Lord
thy God hath chofen to place his name
there. 1 2 And p thou flialt remember ¦ that
thou waft a bond-man in Egypt : and
thou fhalt obferve and do thefe ftatutes.
1 3 % q Thou fhalt obferve the feaft of
tabernacles feven days, after that thou haft
gathered " in thy corn and thy wine :
14 r And thou flialt rejoice in thy feaft,

m Exod. 23. 16. 8c
34. 22. Lev. 23.
15 — 21. Num. 28.
•zfr—to. I Cor. 16.
8. Acts ii — xix.
.It prefigured the
defcent ofthe
Holy Ghoft.

t Or fuf/icreney.
tt Befides Lev. 23.
17 — 20. -Num. 28.
27 — 31. ch. 26.1 —

<j Ver. 14. ch. 12. 12.
18.&26. 11. Phil.
4. 4. Rom. 5. 11.
Gal. 3. 28, Col. 3.

pCh.i;. 15. &5-
15. & 24.18. 22. 8c
7. 18. Exod. i. ii.
v — xiv.
q Exod. 23.16. &34.
22. Lev. 23. 34 —
36. Num. 29. 12 —
38.
[I Heb. /-.or, and thy
ij.'iiu[ re's.
r Ver. 11. ch. 12 12,
18. &?/>. 11. N.-h.
8.r9, 1-c. I:; 12. 1
—0. lTnoi.5. 16.
Rom. 5. 1 1.

Reflections upon Chap. XVI.— Is it not fhameful that even
th; moft folemn ordinances of our fellowfhip with God ihould
need to be fo frequently inculqated upon us? But fince Jefus, our
paflbver, hath been facrificed for us,- and our pentecoft, the effufion
of the Holy Ghoft, by an afcended Saviour, is fully come, and the
tabernacle of God is in manhood, and is with men upon earth,
with holy joy and gladnefs, let us, and others i.iftigated by us,
obferve our folemn feafts, and keep our eyes always fixed upon the
Lamb of God. „And while we ourfelves are comforted of Chrift,
let us remember that it is both honourable and God-like to follow
Vol. L

thou, and thy fon, and thy daughter,. and
thy man-fervant, and thy maid-fervant,
and the Levite, the ftranger, and the fa
therlefs, and the widow, that are within
thy gates.
1 5 s Seven days fhalt thou keep a fo
lemn feaft unto the Lord thy God in the
place which the Lord fhall choofe; be
caufe. the Lord thy God fliall blefs thee
in all thine increafe, and in all the works
of thine hands, therefore thou fhalt
furely rejoice.
1 6 5T ' Three times in a year fhall all
thy males appear before the Lord thy
God in the place which he fhall choofe ;
in the feaft of unleavened bread, and in
the feaft of weeks, and in the feaft of ta
bernacles : and u they fhall not appear
before the Lord empty :
1 7 Every x man Jhall give § as he is
able, according to the- blefling ofthe Lord
thy God which he hath given thee.
1 8 \ y Judges and officers flialt thou
make thee in all thy gates, which the
Lord thy God giveth thee throughout
thy tribes : and they fhall judge the peo
ple with juft judgment.
1 9 z Thou fhalt not wreft judgment ;
thou fhalt not refpect perfons, neither
take a gift : for a gift doth blind the eyes
of the wife, and pervert the * words of
the righteous.
20 a That which is i" altogether juft flialt
thou follow, that thou mayeft live, and
inherit the land which the Lord thy
God giveth thee.
2 1 \ Thou fhalt not plant thee fa a
grove of any trees near unto the altar of
the Lord thy God, which thou flialt
make thee.
22 c Neither fhalt thou fet thee up any
image + ; which the Lord thy God hateth.

Before Chrift
1452".

s Num. 2g. 12 — 38.
Lev. 23. 34—39.

t Exod. 23, 14—17.
8c 34. 22, 23.

llExcd.23.T5.&3*. 20. Prov. 3.9, 10.
Roin. 12. I.
x Lev. 27, 8. Ezraz.
69. I Pet. 4. n.
lCor.l6.2. 2 Cor.
8. 12—14.
( Heb. according to
the gift of his hand.
y Exod. 18. 25.
2 Chr. 19. 8. eh.
20. 5.1 Chr. 23. 4.
8c 26. 29. John 7.
24. Pf.32.2, 3. 8c
58. I, 2.

z Excd. 23. 6, 8.
Lev. 19 15. ch.
z\. tf. 8c 27. 19.
1 Sam. 8. 3. Afts
24. 26- Prnv. 17.
23. & 19. 6, If. I.
23. Eccl. 7. 7.
* Or matters.

aCh. 25. 16. Pf. 82.
2, 3. Mic. 6, 8.
Phil. 4. 8. Rom.
13. 7, 8. Mat. 7-

t Heb. j-fke,jufki.

h j's'1?. J- 7- 1 Kin.
14. 23. & 16. 33-1
ch. ii. 4, 30, 31.

e Lev. 26. i. Exnd. .
20. 4. & 34. 13.
cV ;. 8. ite 27. ij.
AUs 17. 29.
% Otfeitu.ysr a fCllar^

his example, and to manifeft a tender regard to the poor and afflicted.
Let us obferve likewife that magiftrates are neceffary for the regu
lation, of mankind ; and fliould be fo placed that people may have
eafy accefs to them, and it is becoming that, in all th-elr miniftra-
tion-, they fhew themfelves of proper abilities and remarkable inte
grity. But dangerous is it, in the worfhip of God, to copy after
the example of wicked and idolatrous men;' his worfhip is pure
and fpiritual ; he regards not the external appearance, but they
who wor.'hijp him muft worfTiip him in fpirit and in truth.

Purity of oblations : idolaters pmijhed. DEUTERONOMY.

haw of judgments and kings*

Before Chrift
1452.

aCh. k. it. Exod.
ra. j.Lev. i — viiL
Sc 11. 20—25.
Mat. 1. 8) 13, 14.
* Or goat.

b Ch. ij. 6. ver, j.

c Ch. 4. 19. Job 31.
26. Ezek. 8. 16.
2 Kin. 17. 16. &
«• I- «• 34- 4-
Jer. 8.2. & 33.22.
&7. 22,23.

d Ch. 13. 14. & 79.
r8. John 7. 51.

e Ch. u. 24. & ij.
20. Lev. 24. 14,16.
Jofh. 7. 25.

f Num J5- jo. ch.
19. 15. Mat. 18.
36. John 3. 17.
% tor. 13. 1.
iTim. 5. ig.llcb.
10, 23.

gCh.13.5,9- &19,
19. Afts 7. 5«.
Thjg made wit-
Defies cautious
in their teftimo
ny, and afraid to
imitate what they
had fosn.

hFjtod.iS. 26. &2T.
(5,1;-, &x. 2 Chr.
V). 'I — id. Num.
*c. K — J3. i Kin.
j.' 16, &c. ch. 19.
4, 10, 11.

iCh. 12. <;.£' 19- *7-
2 Chr. iQ. 3—1.'.
Pf. 122. 5.

CHAP. XVII.
/for* J!^/« £«/« orders ( I ) Concerning the perfec
tion and purity of the animals offeted in facrifice ; I .
(2) Concerning the manner of punifhing fuch He
brews as worfhipped idols ; 2 — 7. (3) Concerning
the bringing of appeals from inferior courts to the
great council or fanhedrim; 8 — 13, (4) Concern
ing the choice and duty of their kings; \&f- — 20.
THOU a fhalt not facrifice unto the
Lord thy God any bullock, or
': fheep, wherein is blemifh, or any evil-
favourednefs : for that is an abomination
unto the Lord thy God.
2 % If there be found among you,
within any of thy gates which the Lord
thy God giveth thee, b man or woman
that hath wrought wickednefs in the
fight of the Lord thy God, in tranfgrefl-
ing his covenant,
2 And hath gone and ferved other gods,
and worfhipped them, either c the fun,
or moon, or any of the hoft of heaven,
which I have not commanded ;
4 And it be told thee, and thou haft
heard of it, and \ inquired diligently, and
behold it be true, and the thing certain,
that fuch abomination is wrought in
Ifrael ;
5 Then e fhalt thou bring forth that man
or that woman, who have committed
that wicked thing, unto thy gates, even
that man or that woman, and fhalt ftone
them with ftones till they die.
6 fAt the mouth of two witnefles, or
three witnefles, fhall he that is worthy
of death be put to death ; but at the
mouth of one witnefs he fliall not be put
to death.
7 s The hands of the witnefles fhall be
firft upon him to put him to death, and
afterward the hands of all the people. So
thou fhalt put the evil away from among
you. 8 ^f h If there arife a matter too hard
for thee in judgment, between blood and
blood, between plea and plea, and be
tween ftroke and ftroke, being matters
of controverty within thy gates : then
' flialt thou arife, and get thee up into the
place which the Lord thy God fhall
choofe ;

the

Before Chrifl
145Z.

Jer. 18.
18. Mal. 2. 7.
2 Chr. 19. 8— 11.

I Mat. 23. 2, 3. cR.

3- 32.33-

9 And thou k fhalt come unto
priefts the Levites, and unto the judge kver..2.ch
that fhall be in thofe days, and inquire
and they fhall fhew thee the fentence of »*¦*•"•
judgment :
10 And thou fhalt do according to l the
fentence which they of that place, which
the Lord fhall choofe, fhall fhew thee ;
and thou fhalt obferve to do according to
all that they inform thee :
1 1 According to the fentence of the
law which they fhall teach thee, and
according to the judgment which they
fhall tell thee, thou fhalt do : thou flialt
not decline from the fentence which they
fhall fhew thee, to the right hand nor
to the left.
12 And the man that m will do pre- mlam-J°fin
fumptuoufly, + and will not hearken unto »:.»£¦ ,*.«£
the prieft that ftandeth to minifter there -^."tllL,
before the Lord thy God, or unto the
judge, even that man fhall die : " and
thou fhalt put away the evil from Ifrael.
1 2 And all the people fhall hear, and
fear, and do no more prefumptuoufly.
1 4 ^[ ° When thou art come unto the
land which the Lord thy God giveth "TjXiijt*
thee, and fhalt poflefs it, and fhalt dwell
therein, and fhalt fay, p I will fet a king
over me, like as all the nations that are
about me;
15 Thou q flialt in any wife fet him qisam.«;i5,i6&
king over thee whom the Lord thy God
fhall choofe : one from among thy bre
thren flialt thou fet king over thee : thou
mayeft not fet a ftranger over thee, who
is not thy brother.
16 But he fhall not r multiply horfes to "%Tz£$:
himfelf, nor caufe. the people to return to
Egypt, to the end that he fhould multiply
horles: forafmuch as the Lord hath faid
unto you, s Ye fhall henceforth return no ^^h^'S:
more that way. £' >> 5' Jc"
Neither fhall he ' multiply wives to ,°CS"-S*?-,^;J

n Ver. 7. ch. 15,11.
&10.20.&2I.2I. Sc 1$, it. Prov. ,
21. II. SC 19. 25,
1 Tim. 5. 20.

Sc 26. i, 9. Jofh.
I. 13-

p 1 Sam. 8. 5-

13. 1 Chr. 21, 10.
Jer. 30. 21.

&TO.
10. 7.
II. 31. 1—3. J«v.
42. 10, &c. £z«k.
17. 15.

himfelf, that his
neither fhall he

1 Kin. 11. 1 — 4.
Nuh. 13. 26.

heart turn not away
1 greatly multiply to u^.3Ma8t:|;&

himfelf filver and gold,
18 And it fliall be, when he fitteth
upon the throne of his kingdom, that he
fhall write him a copy of x this" law in a

28. 22. Mat. 6. 24.
& 13. 22. fTlm.
6. 10, 19.

X Ch. ji. 9, 26.
2 Kin. 22. S-

¦Portion of priefts and Levites.

C H A P. XVIII.

Idolatry and witchcraft forbidden.

Jeforc Chrift
1452.

the

book out of that which is before
priefts the Levites :
y]zt'^-sS:T: l9 And >' it fliall be with him, and he
*M*r* fta11 read thereil1 a11 the days of nis life :
that he may learn to fear the Lord his
God, to keep all the words of this law,
and thefe ftatutes, to do them :
*%.lUffz: 20 That * his heart be not lifted up
25; jl' l-'n, {i, above his brethren, and that he turn not
afide from the commandment to the right
a».7ian.fi.,l*; hand or to the left: a to the end that he
,':,1o4^thi'sSi'. may prolong his days in his kingdom; he,
ll'.'1'1* 5" and his children, in the midft of Ifrael.

CHAP.

XVIII.

a Num. 18. 9— z\,
23, 24. & 26. 02.
Jofh. 13. 33. & 18.
7. & 14. 7. ch. 10.
9. & 12. 9. 8c 14.
27, 29. iTim. 5.
J-. 2 Tim. 4.7, 8.
I Pet. 5. 3,4.

b Tlic offerings of
the Lord, Jofh.13.
14- 33- & <8. 7-

€ Peace-offerines, ch.i2.6,27.Exod. 10. 25. 8c 29. 22 —
28. Lev. 10. 14,15.
& 7- 30—34.
Num. 18. 18.

dExorl. 22.29. Sczs.
19. Lev. 25. 13.
ch. 26. 9,10. Num.
18. 12, 24.

Contains ( I ) Rules for fettling the revenues of the
church, and the maintenance of the priefts and Le
vites, efpecially when attending upon the fervice of
the temple; I — 8. (2) Prohibitions of beathenifh
cuftoms, idolatrous and magical; 9 — 14. (3) A
promife of the fpirit of prophecy to continue among
them, and at laft centre in Chrift the great Prophet ;
15 — 18. (4) A denunciation of God's wrath
againft defpifers and counterfeiters of prophecy ; with
a rule whereby to try them; 19 — 22.
THE priefts the Levites, and all the
tribe of Levi, a fhall have no part
nor inheritance with Ifrael : they fhall eat
the offerings of the Lord made by fire,
and his inheritance.
2 Therefore fhall they have no inherit
ance among their .brethren: b the Lord
is their inheritance, as he hath faid unto
them. 2 5F And this fhall be the prieft's due
from the people, from them that offer a
c facrifice, whether it be ox or fheep;
and they fhall give unto the prieft the
fhoulder, and the two cheeks, and the
maw. 4 d The firft-fruit alfo of thy corn, of
thy wine, and of thine oil, and the firft

ofthe fleece of thy fheep, flialt thou give
him. 5 For the Lord thy God hath e chofen
him out of all thy tribes, to ftand to
minifter in the name of the Lord, him
and his fons for ever.
6 % And if a Levite come from any of
thy gates out of all Ifrael, where he fo
journed, and come f with all the delire of
his mind unto the place which the Lord
fhall choofe ;
7 Then he fliall minifter in the name
ofthe Lord his God, g as all his brethren
the Levites do, who ftand there before
the Lord.
8 They fliall have like portions to eat,
h befide that which cometh of the fale of
his patrimony.
9 f When thou art come into the land,
which the Lord thy God giveth thee,
thou fhalt not learn to do after the abo
minations of thofe nations.
10 There ; fhall not
you any one that maketh his fon or his
daughter to pafs through the fire, or that
ufeth divination, or an obferver of times,
or an enchanter, or a witch,
1 1 Or a charmer, or a confulter with
familiar fpirits, or a wizard, or a necro
mancer. 1 2 k For all that do thefe things are
an abomination unto the Lord : and be
caufe of thefe abominations the Lord
thy God doth drive them out from before
thee. 13 Thou fhalt be l perfed with the
Lord thy God.
14 For thefe nations, which thou fhalt
§ poflefs, hearkened unto obfervers of*0r,"')£"
times, and unto diviners : but as for thee,

Before Chrifl
'45-'-

c Exod. 28. 1. Sc 29.
j, &c. Lev. viii.
ix. Sum. 3. 10. 8c
xvi. xvii. I Cor.
9. n^-14. Heb. 5.
4. Num. 25. Ij.

f Num. 35.2. Pf. 27.
4. & 26. 8. ch. 12.
5, 6. Sc 16. 2.
Some Levites ren
dered tliemielvc.
conllant .!*' end-
ants at the taber
nacle or temple.
g 1 Chr. 24- 1, x.

hHeb. hisftlctlytle
fathers, Lev.. 25.
32. He might lell--
what propei ty Ire-
had In his own
city.

be found among '' £jI?&*,1;
- 27. EX0d. 22. ta.
I Sam. 28. 7. ver.
II — 14. If. H. ig.

'?•

18. 24—30.

1 Or upright, or f.'l-
cere. Gen. 6. 9. 8c
17. 1. Mat. 5. 48.
i Cnr. 2. 7. 2 Cor.
I. 12. Tit. 2. 12.

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — We ought to honour the
Lord with the beft that we have — the beft of our time and abili
ties, the beft of our age and ftrength. But apoftafy from the true
religion to the worfhip of idols is extremely wicked and ruinous.
It is neceiTary that the execution of malefactors be as public and
folemn as poilible, that others may hear and fear. But, in matters
of life and death, nothing lefs than the cleareft evidence fhould be
admitted. Great care muft be taken at once to maintain the juft
rights of fubjecls, and the lawful authority of magiftrates : and we
muft obey, not only for wrath, but alfo for confeience fake. To
rebel againft the lawful orders of government, is to commit trea-
fori againft the Majefty of heaven. But, in order to fecure refpedt

to their government, magiftrates ought to be deliberately fet up :
they ought to avoid whatever gratifies their luft, or tends to cor
rupt them. God's word fliould be the fupreme ftandard :of their
determinations. Piety, prudence, humble condefcenfion, and
equity, fhould run through the whole of their condutSt. No day
fhould pafs without reading of God's word. The fear of G< d
powerfully induces to an obedience to his commands. And the
higher our ftation is, the more exemplary and humble our con-
verfation ought to be. Religion is the beft fecurity of thrones,
and every other honour : and, even in this world, there is a great
reward in keeping God's commandments.
Pp 2

Chrift as a prophet promifed.

DEUTERONOMY. Rules for cities of refuge ; murder.

Before Chrift
1452.
in AC-.b 14. 16. ver. thee fo tO
15. Pf. 147. iC,LO,
n John 1.45. A£Is 3.
22. & 7. 37. Heb.
3.1. Col. 2. 3.
61. 1. Hcrj. 1. 1

the Lord thy God hath m not fuffered

iy John 6
J Mat. 17. 5. Luke
so. 16. Heb. ;
« 12.25.

1 5 % n The Lord tiiy God will raife
1 up unto thee a Prophet from the midft a£
,im;. thee, of thy brethren, Mike unto me;
Vtpffidtf. unto b him ye fhall hearken :
16 According to all that thou defiredft
J' of the Lord thy God in Horeb, in the
^¦-zfif^sft dav °^ tne affembly, faying, q Let me
Hco.12.19.' °' not hear again the voice of the Lord my
God, neither let me fee this great fire any
more, that I die not.
17 And the Lord faid unto me, r They
have well fpoken that which they have
fpoken.
3 i^iils.^M: 1 8 s I will raife them up a Prophet
^ilrfiS from among their brethren, like unto

Before Chrift
1452.

and ' will put my words in his

ofperfjnal excel- t
lencies, intimacy tllCC
with God, power - --
a^SS. mouth ; and he fhall fpeak unto them all
Whole, yuem of ^ J fl^,, command him.
' V^.tt ilffz. 19 And it fhall come to pafs, that
4!2455&1?2]8?& " whofoever will not hearken unto my
12.49,50., ,5. wor(jSj which he fhall fpeak in my name,
"iaV^jrlw I will require // of him.
iflit^zfi: 20 % But the prophet, * who fhall pre-
& 12. 25, 26. Mar. h r r ' 1 • 1
11.2C-24. fume to fpeak a word in my name, which
x?3.'6.3jer. ?4.°^. I have not commanded him to fpeak, or
^27. iS. ech. y ^at ^^ fpeak in the name of other
yJ&i3Z:i.i&Kh,:^:gods, even that prophet * fhall die.
, IT*?? 2I H And a if thou fay in thine heart,
17' 5' How fhall we know the word which the
aSeech, 7. 17. & 8. _ , - r , *
i7^&9-4-jer.i3- .Lord hath not fpoken r
22 When a prophet fpeaketh in the
bJ£th1h^;I*' name °f tne Lord, b if the thing follow
gjJ^Bitfte not, nor come to pafs, that is the thing
fcrctcTevrat*^ which the Lord hath not fpoken, but the
not in fome cafes *- r —
J-ThavVbeelf' prophet hath fpoken it prefumptuoutly :
wpwtycd, thou ^^ nQt be afraid of hinlt

cates the duties we owe to our neighbours. ( i ) He
repeats the law for the appointment of cities of re
fuge to involuntary man-flayers, and for the punifh
ment of wilful murder; 1 — 13. (2) He prohibits
the removal of landmarks. (3) He fixes the extent
of proof neceffary in criminal cafes, 15; and (4) ap-
„ points the punifhment of perjury ; 1 6 — 2 1 .
WHEN the Lord thy God a hath 'g?'^*7'
cut off the nations, whofe land
the Lord thy God giveth thee, and thou *Hjb ^.-^or
* fucceedeft them, and dwelleft in their
cities, and in their houfes ;
2 b Thou fhalt feparate three cities for ^\^f^
thee in the midft of thy land which the 4™Wlck;''-
Lord thy God giveth thee to poflefs it.
3 + Thou fhalt prepare thee a way, and t™^£P,iT
divide the coafts of thy land, which the ™Sf^\?L
Lord thy God giveth thee to inherit,
into three parts, that c every flayer may '%¦££!£.*£.
flee thither. 2: l°%. "el! t
4 % And this is the cafe of the flayer, \°fy: 'w- m«:
who fhall flee thither that he may live ;
. Whofo killeth his neighbour ignprantly,
whom he hated not +• in time paft ;.
5 As when a man goeth into the wood
with his neighbour to hew wood, and his
hand fetcheth a ftroke with the ax to cut
down the tree, and II the head flippeth
from the § helve, and * lighteth upon*
his neighbour, that he die ; d he fhall
flee unto one of thofe cities, and live:
6 Left the e avenger ofthe blood pur- f

J Heb. from lefitrday
the third dflj.

|| Heb. >V«fr

Heb. wibd,
*Vfib,fndetbid Num. 35.15. Joflr.
2,0. a— -o. John 10.
2.-, — 29. I Tim. I.

CHAP.

XIX.

Hitherto Mofes had chiefly repeated and enforced the
laws relative to the worfhip of God ; now he incul-

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — Since God hath provided
fubliftence for minifters, they ought never willingly to entangle
themfelves in worldly bufinefs ; farming, merchandife, or the
like : for thofe, who love God's ordinances as they ought, will not
grudge to contribute to their fu'pport. None ought to fupplant
another with refpect to what the Lord hath allotted him. But a
worldly-minded minifter is a scandal to his profeffion — a living
lje ! God indeed moft, highly regards fuch minifters as leave their
¦worldly all, and follow him, and do more in the church than men
could defire of them. But it is fhocking to find in countries,

_ Num. 35. 12. Jpfh.
fue the flayer while his heart is hot, and £ &b.V3'. ,p>
overtake him, becaufe the way is long,
and + flay him; whereas he was f not *|*Mii»i
worthy of death, in as much as he hated fch.2r.22.jer.-26.
, . J + . . n II. 16. Luke 24.
him not +in time paft. 2o.i-rim.i.i3.
7 Wherefore I command thee, faying, ^theiurTJat!^'
Thou fhalt feparate three cities for thee.
8 And if the Lord thy God * enlarge « JJ^*,,?-
thy coaft, as he hath fworn unto thy K'i£j£'J*
fathers, and give thee all the land which
he promifed to give imto thy fathers ;

privileged with gofpel light, affefters of fellowlhip with devils ill
charms, fortune-telling, witchcraft, and the like ! and what a
mercy it is if God has preferved us from thefe abominations! But,
oh! infinite grace! in order to deftroy the work, and deliver us
from the delufions ofthe devil, God. raifes up his Son,, a Prophet,
who knows the whole mind of God, and who reveals a complete
fyftem of worihip! Blefled are thofe who hear his voice ; and infi
nite is the hazard and ruin of fuch as refufe to regard him ! But,
fince feducers arife in the church of God, it is neceffary to try all,
and to cenfure. and punifh fuch as are found notoridus impoftors.

Falfe witniffes to he puni/hed.

CHAP. iXIX. XX.

Soldiers fo be encouraged-

Before Chrift
'45a»
h Ch. ia. 31. & 6.
ij.&io. 12. Mic.
6. 8. Luke j. 6.

II Whether thefe laft
three were ever
added is uncer
tain.
i Ver. 6- Exod. IT.
13. Jolh. zr. 3—6.

k Num. 35. 16— 21,
jc — 32. Exod. 21.
12, 14,23. Gen. 9.
6. fet; ver. 13. ch.
27.-14.
$ Heb. in life,

lExotf. 21.14. ilCit)
z. 28—34.

m Gen. 9. 6. Exod,
ar- 12, 1.;, 13. Lev,
24. fj, 20. Num.
35. 30, 33. Rom.
| 15-4. Mat. 26. 52.
Rev. 13. 10. fee
ver. ii.

nCh.27. 17. Job 24.
2. Prov. 22. 28.
Hof. 5. ic. & 23,

sNum. 35. 30. ch.
17.6. Mat. 18. 16.
John tf. 17. 2 Cor.
j]. 1. Heb. 10. 28.
1 Tim. 5.10. Heb.
W. 28. '

* Or falling away.

pCh. 17.8,9. Pf.82.
J, 2. 2 Chr. 19. .6.

9 h If thou fhalt keep all thefe com
mandments ¦ to do them, which I com
mand thee this day, to love the Lord
thy God, and to walk ever in his ways ;
then fhalt thou add U three cities more for
thee, befide thefe three -,
10 ' That innocent blood be not fhed
in thy land which the Lord thy God
giveth thee for an inheritance, and fo
blood be upon thee.
1 1 5T But kif any man hate his neigh
bour, and lie in wait for him, and rife up
againft him, and fmite him § mortally
that he die, and fleeth into one of thefe
cities :
12 Then the elders of his city fhall fend
1 and fetch him thence, and deliver him
into the hand of the avenger of blood,
that he may die.
13 m Thine eye fhall not pity him, but
thou fhalt put away the guilt of innocent
blood from Ifrael, that it may go well
with thee.
14 ^[ n Thou fhalt not remove thy
neighbour's landmark, which they of
old time have fet in thine inheritance,
which thou fhalt inherit in the land
that the Lord thy God giveth thee to
poflefs it..
1 5. 11 ° One witnefs fhall not rife up
againft a man for any iniquity, or for any
fin, in any fin that he finneth : at the
mouth of two witnefles, or at the mouth
of three witnefTes., fhall the matter be
eftablifhed. 16 ^[Tf a- falfe witnefs rife up againft
atiy man to teftify againft him : that
which is wrong ;
1 7 Then both the men, between whom
the controverfy is, fhall ftand p before the
Lord, before the priefts and the judges
which fhall be in thofe days ;

Before Chrift
1452.

18 And the judges fliall 1'make diligent
inquifrtion: and, behold, if the witnefs be 00. 13.14. &,7.4,
a falfe witnefs, and hath teftified falfely ^l- if iff
againft his brother ;
19 r Then fhall ye do unto him as he r SS"; i9,f&,t,
had thought to have done unto his bro- "ff.fi. efftf..
ther : fo fhalt thou put the evil away from Iff^ffff-
among you. ech.i5.3.
20 And thofe which remain fhall s hear, s ?{. %•£.% £
24. 8C 2T. 21.
Prov. 21. 11. <v- Ir;.
25. iTim. 5. 20.

tGen.q. 6. Exod.^i,

and fear, and fliall henceforth commit no
more any fuch evil among you.
21 And thine eye fhall not pity; but
11 life Jhall go for life, eye for eye, tooth ^.v*4, ll7*&ab
for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.. 5-38-
CHAP. XX.
Contains the laws and ordinances of the Hebrew warr.
( I ) Relating to the foldiers ; how they muft be en
couraged "when drawn up to the battle,. I — 4 ; and
how thofe muft be difmiffed whofe private affairs call
for their attendance at home, or whofe weaknefs and
cowardice difiqualify them for fighting ; 5 — 9.
(2) Relating ta their conduit in war ; what trea
ties they might make with diftant cities or nations,..
IO — 15; what deftruclion they muft make of the
Canaanites into whofe land they were going; 16 —
18; and what care they muft take not to deftroy
. fruit-trees, when they flnould beflege cities; 19, 20.-
WHEN thou a goeft out to battle '^^K?
againft thine enemies, and feeft fi'lvLn. i"z\t
O w 7 PI. 13. 16, 17.
horfes and chariots, and a people more
than thou, b be not afraid of them : for b
the Lord thy God is with thee, who
brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.
2 And it fhall be, when ye are come

13.7,12. &32.J
11.7.4. &41. ic 
16. PI. n'i. 6. cc
28. 7. 8c 20. 7.

c Num. 10. 9. & 31.

1 bam. 14. 18.
2Chr. 13. 12.

nigh unto the battle, that the c prieft fliall 6,-w*-™;%:hl
approach and fpeak unto the people,
2 And fhall fay unto them, Hear, O
Ifrael, ye approach this day unto battle
againft your enemies : let not your hearts
* faint, fear not, and do. not + tremble,
d neither be ye terrified becaufe of them :
4 For the Lord your God is he that
goeth with you, to fight for you againft
your enemies, to-fave you.

*Heb. he tcnic-.
t Heb. mate hafte.
d See ver. i. ch. I.
30, & 3.27.. 11.41.
10, 15, 16. Pi". 27 .
3.&3.6. Heb. t;.
6. Rom. 8. 31.
Prov. 21. 30.
E-iod. 14. 14. Neil.
4. 20.

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — While in thefe cities of
refuge-I again view a crucified Redeemer, as my near and all-
fufficient protection, and his minifters as aflifting and directing me
in my flight to it, plain and open is my way to it, and my warrant
to enter. Yet fo great is our ignorance, our unconcern, our un
belief, , that we need many and repeated defcriptions of him, and
encouragements to flee to him ; and God gracioufly affords them
in his word ; happy are they who embrace the promife. But def
perate is their cafe who fin prefumptuoufly, and refufe this great fal

vation ! Nay, how criminal in God's fight. muft wilful murder be,
when nothing lefs than the blood of the offender can be admitted
as the puniftiment of it ! Every thing that marks out and afcer-
tains men's property ihould be exactly preferved, , that fo ck/ail.^
and unjuft invafions maybe prevented :. and witnefles ihould 're
examined in the courts of judicature with accuracy and care, that
none may fuffer unjuftly through falfe witneffing, and none that-
dare to bear falfe witnefs may efcape condign punifhment.

Laws ofthe Hebrews' wars.

DEUTERONOMY.

Laws of befeging cities.

Before Chrift
1452.

c Ch. 16. 18. i. c.
g?-ieral olHcers of
tne army.
fNcb, 12.27. Pf.
xxx. title.
g 2,Sam. 11. 25.
Acts 20. 22.

h Heb. made it eein-
m',n, fee Lev. 19
23,24.

i Ch. 24. 5. Prov
iS, 19.

5 ^[ And the e officers fhall fpeak unto
the people, faying, What man is there that
hath built a new houfe, and hath not
f dedicated it ? let him go and return to
his houfe, left he s die in the battle, and
another man dedicate it.
6 And what man is he that hath planted
a vineyard, and hath not yet h eaten of
.cr,.j8.J0. ^tp leL him a^ go and return unto his
houfe, left he die in the battle, and an
other man eat of it.
7 ' And what man is there that hath
betrothed a wife, and hath not taken
her ? let him go and return unto his
houfe, left he die in battle, and another
man take her.
8 And the officers fhall fpeak further
unto the people ; and they fhall fay,
k What man is there that is fearful and
faint-hearted ? let him go and return
unto his houfe, left his brethren's heart
II faint as well as his heart.
9 And it fhall be, when the officers have
made an end of fpeaking unto the people,
that they fhall make § captains of the
armies ' to lead the people.
10% When thou comeft nigh unto m a

k Juda;. 7. 3- Pf. 103
13, 14.

D Heb. melt. Thus,
only fuch as were
hearty and coura-
fcous went tu the
attle.

$ Inferior officers

I Heb. to be in the
htfld of the pontile,
z Chr.' 13. 12.
m Ver. 15.
n 2 Sam. 2C. 18, to
Zech. 0. 10. Eph.
2, 17. If. 57. 19.

o Judg. I. 28, 30.
Jnfh.16. 10. 1 Kin.
y. 21, 22. Lev. 25.
4*i 44-
pPf.i20.7.&68-30.

H PC. 44. 2—4. & 18.
37 — 42. 8s 118. 10
—12. Exod. 23.33.
ch.7. *i 4- P'ov-
13. 14. ver. 18.

city to fight againft it, then " proclaim
peace unto it.
1 1 And it fhall be, if it make thee
anfwer of peace, and open unto thee,
then it fhall be that all the people that
is found therein fhall be ° tributaries
unto thee, and they fhall ferve thee.
1 2 And if it will p make no peace with
thee, but will make war againft thee, then
thou fhalt befiege it :
13 And when the iLord thy God hath
delivered it into thine hands, thou fhalt

Before Chrift
145 --

r ]nti\. 8. 2. Ic )
& 11. u. Ku

fmite every male thereof with the edge
of the fword.
r 4 But the women, and the little ones,
and r the cattle, and. all that is in the city,
even all the fpoil thereof, fhalt thou &'i*. u'ij?" 2S"
+ take untb thyfelf: and thou fhalt eat fH^'u-
the fpoil of thine enemies, which the
Lord thy God hath given thee.
ic Thus fhalt thou do unto * all the*^tiM?iv
. . / • r r rr C j-L. a<-ounJ Canaan, 9f
cities which are very far off from thee, f^™^;,^;
which are not of the cities of thefe na- ^Tc"1'"
tions.

1 6 % But s of the cities of thefe people,
which the Lord thy God doth give thee
for an inheritance, thou fhalt fave alive
nothing that breatheth :
1 7 But thou fhalt utterly deftroy them ;
namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites,
the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the
Hivites, and the Jebufites ; as the Lord
thy God hath commanded thee :
1 8 That they ' teach you not to do after
all their abominations, which they have
done unto their gods; fo fhould ye fin
againft the Lord your God.
19 ^[When thou fhalt befiege a city a
II long time, in making war againft it to
take it, thou fhalt not deftroy the trees
thereof by forcing an ax againft them ;
for thou mayeft eat of them : and thou
fhalt not cut them down (§ for the tree
of the field is man's life) * to employ
them in the fiege :
20 Only the trees which thou knoweft
that they be not trees for meat thou fhalt
deftroy, and cut them down ; and thou
fhalt build bulwarks againft the city that
maketh war with thee, until * it be fub
dued.

s The cities of Ca
naan, iv..-a. 21. 2.
ch. 7. 1—3, 16.
Exod. 22. 20. Jolh.
6. 17. & 8. 24. &
10. 28, 40. & 11.
1 1, 12. with 6. 25,
&9-'S-

t Num. 3;. 55. Jofh.
23. 13. Judg. 2. 3.
ch. 7. 4. Pi. 106.
34-38. ,

I In thefe times ci
ties often ftood a
fiege of leveral
years, as thc be-
liegers had no can
non, mortars,
bombs, &c.

§ Or, for, 0 matt, tht
tree of the fold ist.
te employed in the
fi'S'-
* Heb. to c» from
bsfurc thee.

t Heb. 11 ante dtasstt.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — While we remark how
carefully piety towards God, tendernefs towards others, and pru
dence towards ourfelves, fhould be carried into war itfelf, let us
ponder how neceiTary it is that armies and churches fhould be
furnifhed with faithful minifters, to encourage them in the Lord
their God ! Hopeful is the moft difficult work when we are affured
of God's prefence in it, and encouraged with the former expe
rience of what he hath done for us ! Then we can triumph, in
hopes of being more than conquerors through him that loved us.
But there is little hope of men's profpering in their duty when
their affe&ions are engaged elfewhere : and therefore carnal world
lings, who are intoxicated with pleafure in temporal enjoyments,
, or the fearfift and unbelieving, are unfit to fight with principalities

and powers. God muft be ferved heartily and willingly, or not
at all. And, though every faint ought to be courageous, yet
minifters, who go before the hoft in fighting the Lord's battles,
need diftinguifhed boldnefs. Amazing is the mercy and long-
fuffering of God; he is not willing that any Ihould perifh, but
that all fliould come to repentance ! And furely then we ought tp
be forward in accepting, or even offering, terms of peace tp fuch.
as have offended us ! But dreadful is the cafe if men will not heat
the calls of God's mercy, or if the prefervation of his people make
it neceffary to ruin them : for infallibly certain is the fuccefs of thofe
enterprizes in which God is the director ! It is neceffary to remove
all occafions and temptations to idolatry, or other wickednefs, and
to preferve every means of comfort, as God pleafes to direct us. j

Expiation of uncertain murder.

t H A P. XXI.

Treatment of captives.

Before Chrift
1453.

CHAP. XXI.

a Pf. 9. ii. & 5. 6.
b See ch. 4. 1.

c Ch. 16. 18. Rom.
J3- 3. 4-

dNum.Tg.2.Gal.4. 4. John 10. 18.

eRorn.2. 8,9. 8c 3,
19. If. 53. 2 — 10.
Pnil. 2. 6, 7. Rom.
S. 3. I Pet. 2. 24.
Sci.ii.Gzl. 3.13.
&4-4-

t" Lev. viii. ix. Num.
6. 22 — 27. ch. 10.
8. 1 Chr. 23. 13.

g Ch. 17. 8, 9. Mal.
2.7.
* Heb. mouth.

h Pf. 26. 6. & 19. 12.
Mat. 27. 24, 25.

i Pf. 7. 3, 4. A3s
*J. 1.

I Judg. 9. 24. Pf. SI,
14. Jon. 1. 14.
f Heb. in the midjl.

Contains directions ( i ) For purging the land from
blood- guiltinefis when the murderer remained . un
known; 1 — 9. (2) For prefierving the honour of
captive maids with refipecl to their marriage, and
their mourning for the lofs of their parents ; 10 — Ic\..
(3) For prefierving the rights of an eldeft fan,
though not born of a favourite wife; 15 — 17.
(4) For the reftraini and public punifhment of rebel
lious children; 18 — 21. (5) For the decent inter
ment of malefactors; 22, 23.
IF a one be found flain in the b land
which the Lord thy God giveth thee
to poflefs it, lying in the field, and it be
not known who hath flain him :
2 Then c thy elders and thy judges fhall
come forth, and they fhall meafure unto
the cities which are round about him that
is flain: 3 And it fhall be that the city which is
next unto the flain man, even the elders
of that city, fhall take an d heifer which
hath not been wrought with, and which
hath not drawn in the yoke :
4 And the elders of that city fhall
bring down the heifer unto a e rough
valley, which is neither eared nor fown,
and fhall ftrike off" the heifer's neck there
in the valley :
5 And the priefts the fons of Levi fhall
come near; for them the Lord thy God
fhath chofen to minifter unto him, and
to blefs in the name of the Lord ; and
g by their * word fhall every controverfy
and every ftroke be tried:
6 And all the elders of that city, that
are next unto the flain man, fhall h wafh
their hands over the heifer that is beheaded
in the valley :
7 And they fhall anfwer and fay, ! Our
hands have not fhed this blood, neither
have our eyes feen it.
8 Be merciful, O Lord, unto thy
people Ifrael, whom thou haft redeemed,
and k lay not innocent . blood "I" unto thy
people of Ifrael's charge. And the blood
fhall be forgiven them.
9 So flialt thou put away the guilt of
innocent blood from among you, when
thou fhalt do that which is right in the
fight ofthe Lord.

10 5f When thou goeft forth to war
againft * thine enemies, and the Lord
thy God hath delivered them into thine
hands, and thou haft taken them cap
tive, 1 1 And feeft among the captives a
beautiful woman, and haft a m defire unto
her, that thou wouldeft have her to thy
wife ;
1 2 Then thou fhalt bring her home to
thine houfe; and fhe fhall n fhave her
head, and + H pare her nails;
13 And fhe fhall put the raiment of
her captivity from off her, and fhall re
main in thine houfe, and ° bewail her fa
ther and her mother a full month : and
after that thou fhalt go in unto her, and
be her hufband, and fhe fhall be thy
wife. 1 4 And it fhall be, if thou have no
delight in her, then thou p fhalt let her
go whither fhe will ; but thou flialt not
fell her at all for money, thou fhalt not
make merchandife of her, becaufe thou
haft humbled her.
15 % If a man qhave two wives, one
beloved and another hated, and they have
born him children, .both the beloved and
the hated ; and if the firft-born fon be
her's that was hated ;
1 6 Then it fhall be, when he r maketh
his fons to inherit that which he hath,
that he may not make the fon of the be
loved firft-born before the fon of the
hated, which is indeed the firft-born :
1 7 But he s fliall acknowledge the fon
of the hated/or the firft-born, by giving
him a double portion of all § that he hath :
for he is the beginning of his ftrength ;
the right of the' firft-born is his.
18 ^[ If a man ' have a ftubborn and
rebellious fon, who will not obey the
voice of his father, or the voice of his
mother, and that, when they have chaf-
tened him, will not hearken unto them :
1 9 Then fhall his father and his mo
ther lay hold on him, and bring him out
u unto the elders of his city, and unto the
gate of his place ;
20 And they fhall fay unto the elders

Eefore Chrift
1 ch. 20. 15, 16.
Num. 31.1ft.

ra Gen. 34. 3. Jmlrr.
14. 2. 3. Gen. 29.
18,20.

n 1 Cor. II. 6. Eph.
4. 22. Rom. 13.
13, 14.
% Or fuffer to gratis.
II Heb. make to drefs.

o Pf. 45. 10. Luke'
14. 26. Mat. 10.
3?.

p EXod. 21. 26, 27-
ch. 24. 17. Ezek,
22. 10. with ch,
22. IJ, 19.

q Gen. 4. 19. 8c 29.
27, 28, 31. I Sam.
I 4, 5. ch. 17. 17.
It is here fuppo
fed, not allowed,
that a man fhould.
have two wives.

r 2 Chr. 11. 21, 22.
1 Cor. 14. 40. Phil.
4. 8. Mat. 16. 24.

49- 3
33-

5. 1. Gen.
Sc 25. 5, t

$ Heb, that is found
with him.'

t Prov. 28. 24. 8c 30.
17. & 23.20. & 10.
1. 8c 15.20. &17.
2,25.

u Ch. i5. f8. ver. z.
& 2j. 7. & .7- 5-
&zs. 1 5, 24. Gen.
23. sr, lb. CC 34.
2~. ii-. d. 21. 6.
J J.I". 5. II. Itulh
4. r. Job 2 -. 7.
Llm 5. 14. Prov,

Rebellious fon punifhed.

DEUTERONOMY.

Straying cattle ; proper appareL

Before Chrift
1451.

xProy. 2 j. 20. Luke
21. 34. iCor. 6. g»
10.
y Lev. 24. 16. Num.
15. 25. ch. 13. 10.
6; 17. 5. Many
v/crc employed in
zh^'.c executions,
that ihcymi^ht be
ftbe mere atTe<3ed
with t.-.L- <.ri;;ie,
and hate it the
more.
^Ch. 13. 11. Sczi.
I.I — 24. SC 19. 19,
70. 1 Tim. 5. 10.
Prov. 19. Z5. &
21. II.

:•£'

b.-J:)fn. 10.26. 2 Sam.
^ iz. il" 21. 9.
c Jofh. 8. 29.
26. John 19. 3
Num.
* Heb. ike curfe -of
* See ch. 4..1.

of his city, This our fon is ftubborn and
rebellious, he will not obey our voice :
11 he is a glutton and a drunkard.
21 And y all the men of his city fhall
ftone him with ftones, that he die : fo
z flialt thou put evil away from among
you ; and all Ifrael fhall hear and fear.
22 5F And if a man have commit
ted a fin a worthy of death, and he be to
be put to death, and thou b hang him on a
tree; 23 His body fhall not "° remain all night
upon the tree, but thou flialt in any wife
,,°- bury him that day ; (for d he that is
cai. hanged is * accurfed of God ;) that e thy
land be not defiled, which the Lord thy
God giveth theeyor an inheritance.
CHAP. XXII.
Contains laius ( 1 ) For the prefervation of kind neigh
bourhood with refipecl to fraying or fallen cattle ;
1 — 4, (2) For prefierving a due difference inthe
apparel of the human fixes, and avoiding other need-
lefis mixtures ; 5,9 — ir. (3) For a humane pre
fervation of the dam when the eggs or young are
taken ; 6, 7. (4) For preventing falls from the
flat roofs of houfies; 8. (5) For regarding God's com
mandments by fringes; 12. (6) For eftablifhing
the reputation of a wife if ftandered by her hufband,
and for punifhing her if guilty of fornication before
marriage; 13 — 21. (7) For punifhing adultery
with a ivife or bethro'hed virgin, 22 — 24; rape,
25 — 27 ; fornication, 28, 29 ; and againft inceft, 30.
THOU a flialt not fee thy brother's
ox or his fheep go aftray, and hide
thyfelf from them : thou fhalt in any cafe
bring them again unto thy brother.
2 And if thy brother be not nigh unto
thee, or if thou know him not, then thou
fhalt bring it unto thine own houfe, and
it fhall be with thee until thy brother feek

a Exod. 23. 4. Lev.
20.4. ilhcf. 4.6.
ver. 3, 4. Ezek.
34.4, 16. I Pet. 2.
25. jam. 5. 19, 20.

after it, and thou fhalt reftore it to him
again. 3 In like manner fhalt thou do with
his afs ; and fo fhalt thou do with his
raiment ; and with all loft thing of thy
brother's, which he hath loft and thou
haft found, fhalt thou do likewife : thou
mayeft not hide thyfelf.
4 Thou b flialt not fee thy brother's
afs or his ox fall down by the way, and
hide thyfelf from them : thou flialt furely
help him to lift them up again.
5 \ The c woman fhall not wear that
which pertaineth unto a man, neither
fhall a man put on a woman's garment :
for all that do fo are abomination unto
the Lord thy God.
6 % If a bird's neft chance to be before
thee in the way in any tree, or on the
ground,, whether they be young ones or
eggs, and the dam fitting upon, the young
or upon the eggs, d thou fhalt not take
the dam with the young:
7 But thou fhalt in any wife let the
dam go, and take the young to thee ; that
it may be well with thee, and that thou
mayeft prolong thy days.
8 ^[ When thou buildeft a new houfe,
e then thou flialt make a battlement for
thy roof, that thou bring . not blood
upon thine houfe, . if any man fall from
thence. 9 ^[ fThou fhalt not fow thy vineyard
with divers feeds ; left the * fruit of thy
feed which thou haft fown, and the fruit
of thy vineyard, be defiled.
10 Thou fhalt not plow with E an ox
and an afs together.

Before Chrift
1452.

b Exod. 23. 5. Mal,
5-44-

c I Cor. 11. 4, j. ic
14. 34.

d Lev. 22. 28. Gen.
J3. 13, 14. Prov.
12. 10. with Gen.
32.11. Hof. 10. 14.

e 2 Sam. ti. 2. If. 22.
I. Je^. 19.13. Mat.
10. 27. Afts 10. 9.
I Cor. 10. 32.
j Thef. 5. 22.

f Lev. 19. 19. Mat.
9. 16.
* Hdi. fulnefs of th)
jeed.

gLcv. 19. 19.- 2 Cor.
6. 14—16.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — Murder ought by all
means' to be rendered as horrible and detefted as poffible : and
every mean fhould be ufed to difcover and bring murderers to con
dign punifhment, and to avoid being partakers with other men in
their fins : but, at the fame time, no felfifh affection ought to be
regarded, either in the giving or-executing juftice. However fe-
cretly fin be committed, God will difcover and punifh it at laft :
and if we cannot put away fin from our land, let us labour to pray
it away. — Converts from idolatry ought not too rafhly to be ad
mitted into ciofe connection with us : and, before we take a part
ner for life, it is of infinite moment that we agree in religion. —
Sudden paffions ought to be reftrained, till grace be given, and time
taken for reflection : and we mould labour to wean our affections
from that which we inordinately love. — Kindnefs ought to be fhewn
to fufh as God has fovereignly reduced to mifery and trouble ; and
3

indulgence be allowed to forrows which flow from natural affec
tion. — Our engagements ought never to be rafhly formed, left
our honour or confeience be afterwards wounded by them : and
fuch as have been any ways wronged by us are entitled to all pof
fible fatisfaclion. But furely ftill greater regard ought to be
fhewn to human fouls, and care taken to prevent men's everlaft
ing infamy and wo. But in thefe figures let me behold Jefus, the
feed of the woman, brought down to our world, and flain by the
rulers of Ifrael as an expiation for our murderous crimes! — Jefus
referving a bride for himfelf, a glorious church of the Gentiles,
and betrothing her to himfelf for ever in loving-kindnefs and i.i
mercies ! — Jefus, with whom there is no refpecT: of perfons, re
deeming us from the curfe of the law, and, by his -crucifixion in
our ftead, removing the iniquity of the land io one day!

If rial of virginity.

CHAP. XXII.

Punifhment of adultery.

Before. Chrift
US*-
h Lev. 19. 19. Rom.
3. 28. Tit. 3. 5.
Phil. 3. 9.
i Num. 15. 28. Mat,
23. !¦
f Heb. wiiigt.

garment

k Mat. I. 18. Judg.
1 j. 10. 8c 15. 1.
iph. 5. 28.

1 1 h Thou fhalt not wear a
of divers forts, as of woollen and linen
together. 12 % Thou fhalt make thee 'fringes
upon the four + quarters of thy vefture,
wherewith thou covereft thyfelf.
1 3 If If any man k take a wife, and go
in unto her, and hate her,
14 And give occafions of fpeech againft
her, and bring up an evil name upon her,
and fay, I took this woman,* and when
I came to her I found her not a maid ;
1 5 Then fhall the father of the damfel,
and her mother, take and bring forth
the tokens qf the damfel's virginity unto
the elders of the city in the gate :
16 And the damfel's father fhall fay
unto the elders, I gave my daughter unto
this man to wife, and he hateth her ;
17 And, lo, he hath given occafions
of fpeech againfl her, faying, I found not
thy daughter a maid; and yet thefe are
the tokens of my daughter's virginity : and
they fhall fpread the cloth before the
elders of the city.
1 8 And the elders of that city fhall
take that man and chaftife him.
19 And they fhall amerce him in an
* hrvadxeA. Jhekels of filver, and give them
unto the father of the damfel, becaufe he
hath brought up an evil name upon a
virgin of Ifrael : and flie fhall be his
wife ; he l may not put her away all his
days. 20 But if this thing be true, and the
tokens of virginity be not found for the
damfel ;
2 1 Then they fhall bring out the dam
fel to the door of her father's houfe, and
BLev.24.16.Num. the men of her city fhall ra ftone her with
'¦*' '.'fsclUV. ftones that fhe die; becaufe flie hath

• ui. ti.

I With ch. 24. ii
Ilea. 19. 8.

•S-35-
&17.S

wroughtwhore

folly in Ifrael, to play the
in her father's houfe : ° fo fhalt
thou put evil away from among you.
22 ^f pIf a man be found lying with a
woman married to an hufband, then they
fhall both of them die, both the man that
lay with the woman, and the woman :
fo fhalt thou put away evil from Ifrael.
23 5[ If a damfel that is a virgin be
q betrothed unto an hufband, and a man
find her in the city, and lie with her ;

Before Chrift
1452.
—————— y—
n Gen 34. 7. z : am.
13. 13. Lev. 21.0.
oCh. 11. 5,11. & 17.
13. & 19. h;, 20.
8C 21. 21. PlOV.
21. II. &C 19. 25.
1 Tim. 5. 2c. ver.

p Lev

20. 10. John
S. vi.r. 21.

q Mat. 1. 18. Gen.
34. 2. Lev. zo. 10,

24 rThen ye fhall brine them both out ' J)hn 8- * >j- *<•<¦•
J D 21, Z2 Ch. Ij. 13.
city, and ye fhall £•*¦'¦*»•?

unto the gate
them

of that
ftone them with ftones that they die ;
the damfel, becaufe flie cried not, being
in the city ; and the man, becaufe he hath
humbled his neighbour's wife : s fo thou
fhalt put away evil from among you.
25 *ff But if a man find a betrothed

Num. 15. 35.
wa* liippoicd that
fhe had not cried
fo as that (he
might be heard.

s Ver. 21,22. ch. 21.
21. icst.c. 1 Tim.
5 . 20.

damfel in the field, and the man 'force t0,f'hf,J'z7£f.¥. 14. Itwasfuppol.
ed that fhe had
cried for .relief,
but had hot beca
heard.

u I Cor. 13. 7. Mat.
7. 1, 2.

X Exod. 21. 16-

her, and lie with her ; then the man only
that lay with her fhall die.
26 But unto the damfel thou fhalt do
nothing ; there is in the damfel no fin
worthy of death : for as when a man
rifeth againft his neighbour, and flayeth
him, even fo is this matter :
27 For he found her in the field, and
the betrothed damfel " cried, and there
was none to fave her.
28 ^f x If a man find a damfel that is
a virgin, who is not betrothed, and lay
hold on her, and lie with her, and they
be found ;
29 Then the man that lay with her
fhall give unto the damfel's father ? fifty
Jhekels of filver, and fhe fhall be his wife ;
becaufe * he hath humbled her, he may zV"t%4'ffz^
not put her away all his days.
30 ^f a A man fhall not take his father's
wife, nor difcover his father's fkirt.

y 51. 141.Bxod.22.
17. ver. iy.

a Lev. 18. 8. Sc 20.
ii. ch. 27. 20.
jCor. 5.1.

Reflections upon Chap. XXfl. — What love, what de
cency, what humanity, what order, the laws of God inculcate!
Surely it highly becomes us to remember and obferve them. In what
deteftation God holds flanderers, whoremongers, adulterers, and
unclean perfons ! let them then be deteftable among all Chriftians,
efpecially in my heart. Let me be ever ready for friendly offices
towards my neighbour. Let me never retain any thing of his
•th&t came fecretly into my" hands. Let it be my care to pleafe
God in my apparel : for indecency in drefs is not the lefs finful
becaufe it is fafhionable. And, while I regard the life of my neigh-
VOL. I.

bour, let me fhun every unhallowed mixture of works with grace ;
of nature with the Spirit of God ; of my own righteoufnefs with
that of Jefus Chrift : but never be afhamed to wear the diftin
guifhed badge of a true Chriflian. Let me reckon chaftity a very
precious jewel ; and yet a tender plant that can eafily be blafted ;
and the lofs of which is very infamous and finful. Always let me
ufe every mean of refilling temptation, and particulary crying to
Jefus for relief. And, if I wrong any, let me repair the injury as
far ¦ as lies in my power, according to the law of God.
... :i . Q-q

"Eunuchs, baflards, &c. not to be rulers. DEUTERONOMY. Laws of purity in camps, bodies, &e.

Before Chrift
1452.

CHAP. XXIII.
Contains laws ( 1 ) For prefierving the honour of the
Ifraelitifh nation, in excluding from it fuch as would
be a difgrace to it; 1 — 8. (2) For prefierving
their camps from all apparent filthinefis; 9—14.
(3) For protecting fuch fervants as fled from cruel
mafters; 15, 16. (4) For refraining fiodomy and
whoredom; 17, 18. (5) For di reding from whom
intereft on money lent might or might not be taken ;
19,20. (6) For the fipeedy and exacl fulfilment of
vows; 21 — 23. (7) For marking out what free
dom one might ufe with his neighbour' s vineyard or
corn field; 24, 25.
E that is wounded in the ftones, or
hath his privy member cut off,
a m,w!?ofee,°i'a^'-', fliall not * enter into the congregation of
the Lord.
2 A b baftard fhall riot enter into the

H1

fhall he go abroad out of the camp ;

he

Before, Chrift
1432.

evening n^-ffj*;s: 12. Eph. 5. 26, 27.
% Heb. lwnc.tls to
ward.

cred or civil,
ver. 2, 3, 8.

b With Gal. 3. 28.
Col. 3. 11. Gal. 6,
li-

congregation

of the Lord ; even to his

tenth

generation

fhall he not enter into

the congregation of the Lord.

cNeh. 13. I. zCor.
e. 14—18.

or

congregation

Moabite fliall
of the

generation

d Zetfui. 8. If. 63..Q.
Mat, 25. 45. Acts
9.4.

e Num. 22. 5, 6.
Mat. 25. 42> 45-
Jofh. 24. 9.

f tfum. xxii— xxiv.
Jofh. 24. 10. Mic.
6. 5- Rom. 8. 32.
« Cor. 4. 17.

8. i;.Sc rt. 31:
Neh. ij. 23, 25,
f Heb, good.

h Gen. 25. 30. Obad
10, 12. Num. 20.
14. Mal. i. 2, 3.

3 ^f c An Ammonite
not enter into the
Lord ; even to their tenth
fhall they not enter into the congregation
of the Lord for ever ;
4 d Becaufe they met you not with bread
and with water in the way when ye came
forth out of Egypt ; and e becaufe they
hired againft thee Balaam, the fon of
Beor of Pethor of Mefopotamia, to curfe
thee :
5 Neverthelefs, l the Lord thy God
would not hearken unto Balaam; but
the Lord thy God turned the curfe into a
bleffing unto thee, becaufe the Lord thy
God loved thee.
6 Thou 5 fhalt not feek their peace nor
their + profperity all thy days for ever.
7 ^ff Thou fhalt not abhor an Edomite,
for he is
abhor an

thou flialt dig iih<=m«9?a™.

o If. 4. 4. Ezek. 24.
12. Phil. 3. 9.

• 58- 1,

1 Heb, valedncfs of
any thing.

iGen. 46.7-&47.6,
12, 27. Pf. 105. 23.

11 thy brother : thou fhalt not
Egyptian, becaufe thou waft a

ir, Rom. 3. 29, 30.
Eph. 2;n, 13, 19,
2a & 3. 7, 8.

INum. 5. 2, ss;
fcuke 3. 14.

Hi Lev. 15. 16. Num.
5.3. I (.or. 5. II,

ftranger in his land.
8 The children that are begotten of
them fhall k enter into the congregation of
the Lord in their third generation.
9 ^f When the hoft goeth forth againft
thine enemies, then r keep thee from
every wicked thing.
10 *[f If there m be among you any man
that is not clean, by reafon of unclean
nefs that chanceth him by night, then

fhall not come within the camp
1 1 But it fhall be, " when
+ cometh on, he fhall wafh himfelf with
water: and when the fun is down he
fliall come into the camp again.
12 ^[ Thou fhalt have a place alfo
without the camp, -whither thou fhalt gp
forth abroad :
13 And thou fhalt have a paddle upon
thy weapon : and it fhall be, when thou
II wilt eafe thyfelf abroad
therewith, and fhalt turn back, and
0 cover that which cometh from thee:
14 For the Lord thy God p walketh in v **ff£% "• pr- fr
thc midft of thy camp, to deliver thee, l.'-P-ff"°i :*
and to give up thine enemies before thee ;
therefore fhall thy camp be holy ; that he
fee no § unclean thing in thee, and turn
away from thee.
15 f Thou fhalt 1 not deliver ujitohis q f *£."&%'&
mafter the fervant who is efcaped from 49'24-1
his mafter unto thee :
16 He fhall dwell with thee, even
among you, in that place which he fhall
choofe in one of thy galtes, where it *hketh *"£: "i"df'r
him beft : thou r fhalt not opprefs him. r &«>*.».»,. *.
17 % There fhall be no 5' whore ofthe e or^™,-,,,,, Ch
daughters of Ifrael, nor a fodomite of the
fons of Ifrael.
1 8 ^f Thou fhalt not bring the,
of a whore, or the price of a dog
the houfe of the Lord thy God for any
vow : for even both thefe are abomination
unto the Lord thy God.
19 ^f "Thou fhalt not lend uppn ufury
to thy brother; ufury of money, ufury
of vidluals, ufury of any thing that is
lent upon ufury :
2.0 x Unto a ftranger thou mayeft lend xch..+«.&is.j.
upon ufury ; but unto thy brother thou
fhalt not lend, upon ufury: y that the ? %*.$¦&?¦._%.*?
Lord thy God may blefs thee in all that
thou fetteft thine hand to in the land
whither thou goeft to ppftefs it.
2.1 ^f zWhen thou fhalt vow a vow unto
the Lord thy God, thou fhalt not flack
to pay it: for the Lord thy God will
furely require it of thee; and it would
be iin in thee.

r hire
into

, 29. Gen.
19.15. 1.ev. 19. 2e>.
z Kin. 23. 7. Prov.
2. 16. Rom, 1.26.
*7-
tEzek.16. 33. If.6r.
8. Hab. 1. 13. K.
S-4-6--

tt,Exod. 22. 2y. Lev*
5. Neh. 5. z— 4.
Luke 6. 34, 35,.
ver. 20.

-4:& 2Vig~ n-.
I. 19. Pf. rS. 5.
Prov. 19. 17.
1 Cor. 15; 58.

1 Eccl. 5. 4— f\.
Vunv 30. 2. 'Lev.
ir. r, a. Qen. 28.
ZO. Pf, 76. IT. Sc
irg. 100. S: 56.1l.
fr^i. 5, 8.&B6.
13. & tip. 14,18,
i*rov. 20. 25,

Vows to be paid, &c.

CHAP. XXIII. XXIV

"':frfly\ equity.

Before Chnft'
1452.
a Eccl. 5. 5. Afls 5.
4. i. e. in matters
of indifference.

C I Cor. 9. 7. Sc 10,
26, Heb. 13. 5.

d Mat. T2. %. Mark
2. 25. Luke 6} 1.

22 But, * if thou fhalt forbear to vow,
it fhall be no fin in thee.
23 That which is gone out of thy lips
\uuouri,,ybtofin; *hou b fhalt keep and perform; even a
tt-sf\t'zi: free- will-offering, according as thou haft
12, m. 1 Sam. 14. 1 ,-i t , 0-^, , 1*1
*+ vowed unto. the Lord thy God, which
thou haft promifed with thy mouth.
24 ^f When thou comeft into thy neigh
bour's vineyard, then thou c mayeft. eat
grapes thy fill, at thine own pleafure ;
but thou fhalt not put any in thy veffel.
25 When thou comeft into the ftand-
ing corn of thy neighbour, d then thou
mayeft pluck the ears with thine hand;
but thou fhalt not move a fickle unto thy
neighbour's Handing corn.
CHAP. XXIV.
Contains ( 1 ) A toleration of divorce, and fome regu
lations of it; 1 — 4. (2) A difcharge of new-
married men from the fervice of war; 5. (3) A
law for taking and reftoring of pledges; 6, 10 — 13,
17. (4) A law for punifhing of man-ftealers ; 7.
(5) A law requiring to obferve the ordinances of
the leprofy; 8, 9. (6) Laws prohibiting the in-
juftice of mafters to fervants, and of judgces in de
ciding capital and other caufes; 14 — 18. (7) A
law appointing the gleanings of fields and vineyards
to be left to the poor ; 1-9 — 22.
WHEN a a man hath taken a wife,
and married her, and it come to
pafs that fhe find no favour in his eyes,
becaufe he hath found * fome unclean
nefs in her ; then let him write her a bill
of t divorcement, and give /'/ in her hand,
% Divorce is not here and + fend her out of his houfe.
commanded, but
Serlcofi,'prhe! 2 And, when flie is departed out of
p7e.e« rSueft, his houfe, fhe may go and b be another
it was to be tranf- , .„ J °
afledveryfolemiv man SWlfC
hi cor. 7. ,s. 3 And if the latter hufband hate her,
and write her a bill of divorcement, and
giveth it in her hand, and fendeth her
out of his houfe ; or if the latter hufband
die, who took her to be his wife ;

%

•^bre.Chrift

efOV. $.
__ litis their
Efionwasrixed.
|J Heb. not arty thing
fhall pafs upw him.

h Means of it, Gen*
9.4-
i Exod. 2i. t6. ch.
27. 14. 1 Tim. u

3 Mat. 5. jo, 31. &
-19.7—9. Mark
10.4.

* .Heb. matter tf
nakednefs.

+ Heb. cutting oJf,

Ofdivor
4 '* Her former hufband,
her away, may not take her ab
his wife after that flie is defiled ;
is abomination before the Lord
thou fhalt not d caufe the land toN
e which the Lord thy God giveth t
for an inheritance.
5 5f f When a man hath taken a new
wife he fhall not go out to war, I' neither
fhall he be charged with any bufmefs :
but he fhall be free at home one year j and
fhall cheer up his wife whom he hath
taken. 6 fT s No man fhall take the nether or gEx«(..M. «&*»•.
11 They uied hand-
the upper millftone to pledge : for he ^ii=f»-pM«s
taketh a mans h life to pledge.
7 ^[ ' If a man be found ftealing any
of his brethren of the children of Ifrael,
and maketh merchandife of him, Or feli-
eth him ; then that thief fhall die ; and
thou fhalt put away evil from among
you. 8 5f k Take heed, in the plague of
leprofy, that thou obferve diligently, and
do according to all that the priefts the
Levites fhall teach you : as I commanded
them, fo ye fhall obferve to do.
9 l Remember what the Lord thy > *™; »; £
God did unto Miriam by the way, after
that ye were come forth out of Egypt.
10 % When thou doft §lend thy bro
ther any thing thou fhalt not go into his
houfe to fetch his pledge.
1 1 Thou fhalt ftand abroad, and the
man to whom thou doft lend fhall bring
out the pledge abroad unto thee.
1 2 And if the man be poor thou fhalt
not fleep with his pledge :
13 ra In any cafe thou flialt deliver m^"rt}u
him the pledge again when the fun goeth ¦ £,* iC"r'9-
down, that he may fleep in his own rai
ment, and blefs thee

k Lev. xiii. xiv.A^ts
17. 11. Heb. 13.7,
17. Here the
people are com-
manderl ro abide
by the decifion of
the priclis.

Cor. 10. 6— .it.
How Gcd punifh.
ed her, ana fhe
humbled herfelf.
§ Heb. lend the loan
of any thing to, 8cc.
The giver of the
pledge had it in
his power to jrive
what lie could belt
fpare.

nPf. 106. 31. ch.6.
and it " fliall be &4:s5;*,c-

, Reflections upon Chap. XXIII, — It is unfeemly for faints to
connect themfelves in intimacy or marriage with profane perfons :
hut whoremongers unnaturally mark their innocent poflerity with
fharaie and difgrace. God feverely refents the injury done to his
people in the day of their diftrefs. But we ought quickly to forget
the evil done to us by our relations or others ; and trarefully to
remember the favours which we have receiyed. Purity and elean-
linefs fhould be ftudied together with godlinefs, as they are both
healthful and honourable, efpecially that of the heart and life,
before God. How becoming is a tender compaffion towards the

afflicted, efpecially young converts to Chrift ! For great is the
mercy of God to fuch — he will never deliver up a poor fugitive,
that flees to him from the fervitude of fin, or of the broken law.
Let me admire his grace, and imitate his goodnefs — let me care'-
fully abftain from flefhly lufts, which provoke God, and war
againft my foul. In all my dealings, let brotherly love continue.
And, if I have vowed unto the Lord, let me in no wife go back.
Let me be kind to ftrangers, ready to diftribute, and never infift
upon trifling rights and claims. an 2

Eunuchs, bafiardh, &c. not to be rulers. DEUTERONOMY. Laws of purity in camps, bodies, &?.

Before Chrift
1452.

CHAP. XXIII.
Contains laws ( 1 ) For prefierving the honour of the
Ifraelitifh nation, in excluding from it fuch as would
be a difgrace to it; 1 — 8. (2) For prefierving
their camps from all apparent filtbinefs; 9—14.
(3) For protesting fuch fervants as fled from cruel
mafters; 15, 16. (4) For refraining fodomy and
whoredom; 17, 18. (5) For direcling from whom
intereft on money lent might or might not be taken ;
19, 20. (6) For the fipeedy and exacl fulfilment of
vows; 21 — 23. (7) For marking out what free
dom one might ufe with his neighbour's vineyard or
corn field; 24, %$.
E that is wounded in the ftones, or
hath his privy member cut off,
a^,w^off.ce"a-y 'fhall not a enter into the congregation of
vS^t4 the Lord.
bS*G^*j. 2 A b baftard fhall hot enter into the
** , congregation of the Lord ; even to his
tenth generation fhall he not enter into
the congregation of the Lord.
Bfi°i*S*'*Cor" 3 if c An Ammonite or Moabife fhall
not enter into the congregation of the
Lord ; even to their tenth generation
fhall they not enter into the congregation
of the Lord for ever ;
'S'sffrMb' 4 d Becaufe they met you not with bread
9.4.

c Nam. 22. 5, 6.
Mat. 25. 42, 43.
Jofh. 24. 9.

fe Ezra 0. 12. 2 Sam
8. 2:&ft. 31-.
Neh. 13. 23, 25.
f Heb. goad.

and with water in the way when ye came
forth out of Egypt ; and e becaufe they
hired againft thee Balaam, the fon of
Beor of Pethor of Mefopotamia, to curfe
thee :
rsiiai. xxii-xxiv. r Neverthelefs, f the Lord thv God
Jofh. 24. jo. Mic. J * 'J
*'csor.R4°.mi'7.8' 3Z" would not hearken unto Balaam; but
the Lord thy God turned the. curfe into a
bleffing unto thee, becaufe the Lord thy
God loved thee.
6 Thou 5 fhalt not feek their peace nor
their + profperity all thy days for ever.
7 ^f Thou fhalt not abhor an Edomite,
h joe,n',2?Num0b2o!' for he is h thy brother : thou fhalt not
.4 Mai.i.2ij.- gkkQj. an Egyptian, becaufe thou waft a
*c£zt&J%f:zl ' ftranger in his land.
8 The children that are begotten of
k£T 3',19',f;0 them fliall k enter into the con srre ration of
iipn. z. 12, 13, 19* O O
».&3-7>8- the Lord in their third generation.
9 «J When the hoft goeth forth againft
thine enemies, then ' keep thee from
every wicked thing.
m£T Vtlt IT, 1 o % If there m be among you any man
that is not clean, by reafon of unclean
nefs that chanceth him by night, then

Itfum. 5. z- 5;
fcuke ;- 14.

he

Before Chrift
Hi?-

fhall he go abroad out of the camp ;
fhall not come within the camp:
11 But it fhall be, n when evening "*££•&•;*•
t cometh on, he fhall wafh himfiif with «;¦ **•**."»•
, . , r •', J , % Heb. turrntb tf
water: and when the fun is down he **"-f
fliall come into the camp again. -
12 ^f Thou fhalt have a place alfo
without the camp, -whither thou fhalt go
forth abroad :
13 And thou fhalt have a paddle upon
thy weapon : and it fhall be, when thou
II wilt eafe thyfelf abroad, thou flialt dig "h=m«v^:-».
therewith, and fhalt turn back, and
0 cover that which cometh from thee: "'iW^'*4"
14 For the Lord thy God p walketh in p L=* :*• »• «*. j,
-. * . 4—6. & 44. 10. 1
the midft of thy camp, to deliver thee, {Z'S'sf'™:9'
and to give up thine enemies before thee ;
therefore fhall thy camp be holy ; that he ,
fee no § unclean thing in thee, and turn i^',t^'fmJi'r
away from thee.
15 fThou fhalt * not deliver unto his 'SSS.^.E
mafter the fervant who is efcaped ftjom
his mafter unto thee :
16 He fhall dwell with thee, even
among you, in that place which he fliall
choofe. in One of thy gaites, where it *liketh * "£; "f^fr-
him beft : thou r fhalt not opprefs him. r Exod. 22. 21. c*.
17 f There fhall be no. 5 whore ofthe , or/w™,,^, ch.
daughters of Ifrael, nor a fodomite ofthe w"'&'.\tnJb.
- ° r _ - . 2 Kin. 23. 7. Prov.
fons of ifrael. . l^6- Rom- '-26>
18 ff Thou fhalt not bring the. f hire tEZ=k.,6. 33-11.61.
.- " . . j- ° 1 • «• Hab- ¦¦ 'i- fr-
of a whore, or the price of a clog, into * *-&-
the houfe of the Lord thy God for any
vow : for even both thefe are abomination
unto the Lord thy God.
19 ^f u Thou fhalt npt lend, uppn ufury hexoj. 22.25.1.,^
to thy brother ; ufury of money, ufury t^"'^.5'
of victuals, ufury or any thing that is vcrM-
lent upon ufury :
2.0 x Unto a ftranger thou mayeft lend xch.i4.«,&ij.j.
upon ufury ; but unto thy brother thou
fhalt not lend, upon ufury: y that the ys«*4-*.**|.
Lord thy God may blefs thee in all that pV^9:,"',?:5-"
thou fetteft thine hand to in the land ,Cor-ISS,i-
whither thou goeft to ppftefs it.
2.1 ff z When thou fhalt vow a vow unto * $: d- s- 4-0.
1 " Num. jo. 2. Lev.
the Lord thy God, thou fhalt not flack £: pV',^,;.^
to pay it: for the Lord thy God will ftfilftf.
furely require it, of thee; and it would p.™;**1!-'1 '
be fin in thee.

Vows to be paid, &c.

CHAP. XXIII. XXIV.

Before Chrlft-
1452.
a Eccl. 5. 5. Acls 5
4. i. e. in matters
of indifference.

C I Cor. 0. 7. Sc TO,
26, Heb. 13. 5.

d Mat. T2. 2". Mark
2. 23. Luke 6, 1.

22 But, a if thou flialt forbear to vow,
". it fhall be no fin in thee.
23 That which is gone out of thy lips
bS^rybctoft"; thou b fhalt keep and perform; even a
fs-l^utzt free-will-offering, according as thou haft
12, 21. 1 Sam. 14. t •, *--. o
**¦ vowed unto the Lord thy God, which
thou haft promifed with thy mouth.
24 ^f When thou comeft into thy neigh
bour's vineyard, then thou c mayeft. eat
grapes thy fill, at thine own pleafure;
but thou fhalt not put any in thy veffel.
25 When thou comeft into the fland-
ing corn of thy neighbour, d then thou
mayeft pluck the ears with thine hand;
but thou fhalt not move a fickle unto thy
neighbour's Handing corn.
CHAP. XXIV.
Contains (1) A toleration of divorce, and fome regu
lations of it; 1—4. (2) A difcharge of new-
married men from the fervice of war; 5. (3) A
law for taking and reftoring of pledges; 6, IO — 13,
17. (4) A law for punifhing of mcm-ftealers; 7.
(5) A law requiring to obferve the ordinances of
the leprofy; 8, 9. (6) Laws prohibiting the in-
juftice cf -mafters to fervants, and of judges in de
ciding capital and other caufes; 14 — 18. (7) A
law appointing the gleanings of fields and vineyards
to be left to the poor ; itj — 22.
WHEN a a man hath taken a wife,
and married her, and it come to
pafs that fhe find no favour in his eyes,
becaufe he hath found * fome unclean
nefs in her ; ; then let him write her a bill
t Heb. tuttmsotr. of T divorcement, and give // in her hand,
* Divorce is not here and + fend her out of his houfe.
commanded, but
KSrtfifpS 2 And, when flie is departed out of
pSvett racers, his houfe, fhe may go and b be another
it was to be tranf- , • r J CD
iftedveryfolemn- man S Wife.
hi cor. 7. ,5. 3 And if the latter hufband hate her,
and write her a bill of divorcement, and
giveth // in her hand, and fendeth her
out of his houfe ; or if the latter hufband
die, who took her to be his wife;

a Mat. J. 30, 31. Sc
19. 7—0. Mark
10.4.

> .Heb. malfer *f
nakednefs.

Of divorce', marriage) man-fiealing.
4 c Her former hufband, who fent c,°4y
her away, may not take her again to be ejer.3.i.Mai.2..B.
his wife after that flie is defiled ; for, that
is abomination before the Lord: and
thou fhalt not d caufe the land to fin, a^y-n.^.t.
e which the Lord thy God giveth thee e see ch.4.i. jude 4.
Jor an inheritance.
5 % f When a man hath taken a new f %¦%%£ °l&
.^ J « ,, ,11 VL affection was fixed.
wife he fhall not go out to war, "neither „ Hcb. no, a,v tfo7if
fhall he be charged with any bufinefs : j^« «/•'<**¦**>¦
but he fhall be free at home one year, and
fhall cheer up his wife whom he hath
taken. 6 f"8 No man fhall take the nether or % **ft.-*>- & *.
II They uled hand-
the upper millftone to pledge : for he
taketh a mans h life to pledge.
7 <|f ' If a man be found ftealing any
of his brethren of the children of Ifrael,
and maketh merchandife of him, or fell-
eth him ; then that thief fhall die ; and
thou fhalt put away evil from among
you. 8 % k Take heed, in the plague of",
leprofy, that thou obferve diligently, and
do according to all that the priefts the
Levites fhall teach you : as I commanded
them, Jo ye fhall obferve to do.
9 l Remember what the Lord thy • £»»•«¦ j* .
God did unto Miriam by the way, after
that ye were come forth out of Egypt.

mills for grinding,
h Moans of it, Gen.
9.4.
i Exod. 21. 16. ch*
21. 14. 1 Tim. t:

t Lev. xiii. xiv. A Is
17. 11. Heb. 13. 7»
17. Here the
people are com
manded to abide
by the decifion of
the priefts.

1 Cor. 10. 6-*ir.
How Gcd punifh*
ed her, and fhe
humbled herfelf.

§ Heb. lend the loam
of any thing (0, &c»
The giver of the
K ledge h.id it in
is power to give
what he could befi
fpare*

1 o ^f When thou doft § lend thy bro- -
ther any thing thou fhalt not go into his
houfe to fetch his pledge.
1 1 Thou flialt ftand abroad, and the
man to whom thou doft lend fhall bring
out the pledge abroad unto thee.
1 2 And if the man be poor thou fhalt
not fleep with his pledge :
13 mTn any cafe thou flialt deliver ^f^i^t
him the pledge again when the fun goeth ¦ £,* *c"'9'
down, that he may fleep in his own rai
ment, and blefs thee: and it n fliall be

Pf. 106. 31. ch. 6.
25. 8c 15.9, 10,
PI. 112. 5, 9.

, Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — It is unfeemly for faints to
connect themfelves in intimacy or marriage with profane perfons :
hut whoremongers unnaturally mark their innocent pofterity with
fhame and difgrace. God feverely refents the injury done to his
people in the day of their diftrefs. But we ought quickly to forget
the evil done to us by our relations or others ; and L-arefully to
remember the favours which we have receiyed. Purity and clean-
Unefs fliould be ftudied together with godlinefs, as they are both
healthful and honourable, efpecially that of the heart and life,
before God. How becoming is a tender compaffion towards the

afflicted, efpecially young converts to Chrift ! For great is the
mercy of God to fuch — he will never deliver up a poor fugitive,
that flees to him from the fervitude of fin, or of the broken law.
Let me admire his grace, and imitate his goodnefs — let me care
fully abftain from flefhly lufts, which provoke God, and war
againft my foul. In all my dealings, let brotherly love continue.
And, if I have vowed unto the Lord, let me in no wife go back.
Let me be kind to ftrangers, ready to diftribute, and never infift
upon trifling rights and claims. aq 2

Of fervants9 hire ; gleanings. DEUTERONOMY. Laws offcourging: treading oxen, &e.
therefore I command thee to do this "*"Ch*

Before Chrift

righteoufnefs unto thee before the Lord
 thy God.
'Yb°h^^'"" z4 ^ °Thou fhalt not opprefs an hired
fervant that is poor and needy, whether
he be of thy brethren, or of thy ftrangers
that are in thy land within thy gates :
^Tp&V^S: i 5 p At his'day thou fhalt give him his
•t-ai. 3. 5- jam. 5. hire, neither fhall the fun go down upon
*"t'tpi-hzs{i. i1 ; f°r ne « poor, and 1 fetteth his heart
"i'4' upon it : left he cry againft thee unto the
Lord, and it be fin unto thee,
'I'tel'iS l6 ^ ^^ fatherS lha11 n0t ^ PUt t0
, jrith&todlii^. death for the children, neither fhall the
Mit. 23. 32, 35. , '
Lcv.26.3j- children be put to death for the fathers :
every man fhall be put to death for his
own fin.
.Exod. 2». 21, 26. & 17 ff s Thou fhalt not pervert the
2J.2, 6. Prov. 22. , ' " /• j n ri
ll: fS: \l:Jg. judgment of the ftranger, nor of the
tilIiSf.Ei&. fatherlefs ; nor take a widow's raiment
£2. 29. Zech. 7. 10. -. -,
if.i.23.jam.i.27. to pledge.
' jT^AVi: 1 8 But c thou fhalt remember that thou
waft a bond-man in Egypt, andthe Lord
thy God redeemed thee thence : therefore
I command thee to do this thing.
1 9 % u When thou cutteft down thine
harveft in thy field, and haft forgot a
fheaf in the field, thou fhalt not go again
to fetch it : it fhall be for the ftranger,"
for the fatherlefs, and for the widow :
*T-if"ov&,,8' that the Lord thy God x may blefs thee
&V i7. mm. "i in all the work of thine hands.
20 When thou beateft thine ohve-tree
'It'hTaM'Z'. + thou fhalt not go over the boughs
again : it fhall be for the ftranger, for the
fatherlefs, and for the widow.
y Lev. 15.9. 2I when thou y gathereft the grapes
of thy vineyard thou fhalt not glean it
x^ts. aft. the,. T aft'erward : fr fliall be for the ftranger,
for the fatherlefs, and for the widow.
* & s,6. \z1&si-i: 2 2 z And thou fhalt remember that thou
waft a bond-man in the land of Egypt :

u Lev. 19. 0, 10. &
23. 22. Ruth2. 16.
ver. 20, 21,

thing.

1451.

CHAP.

XXV.

Contains laws (i) For moderating the flripes of
' fcourged. malefadors ; I — 3. {%) For not muzzling1
oxen while treading out the corn.. (3) For difgrac-
ing fuch unmarried men as refufed to marry their
deceafed brother" s childlefs widow ; 5 — 10. (4.) Far
the punifhment of immodeft women; ir, 12. (5) For
juft weights and meafiures; 13 — 16. (6) For the-
deftr utlion of the Amalekites; 17— .19.
IF a there be a controverfy between men, * ^:i6iih"i.t.
and they come unto judgment, that L^flch.*'^
the judges may judge them, then they
fhall juftify the righteous and condemn
the wicked.
2 And it fhall be, if the wicked man
be worthy bto be beaten, that the judge b"at;'0iSL*e
fliall caufe him to lie down, and to be %.%* zC"-'
beaten before his face, according to his
fault, by a certain number,
3 c Forty flripes he may give, him, and 'ctC*~" '¦**•**
not exceed : left fhe fhould exceed, and
beat him above thefe with many ftripes,
then thy brother fhould feem vile unto
thee *.
4 5fd Thou fhalt not muzzle the .ox *££££.'
when he c treadeth out the corn. ,8'
___ g _- ' , in 1 c Heb- threjheth;
5 % If brethren dwell together, and S£Jg£gk
one of them die and have no child, the Tdn"?™1!
wife ofthe dead fhall not marry without r^L^Ma*
unto a ftranger: her g hufband' s brother &.'9-Luke*>-
fhall go in unto her, and take her to him e g.**^'^^
to wife, and perform the duty of an huf- 4' ^ '*
band's brother unto her.
6 And it fhall be, that the firft-born h?c.^t%^.
which fhe beareth fhall fucceed in the 14-7-Ruih4-,c-
name of his brother which is dead, that "°Vr*tt!/w'
his name be not h put out of Ifrael. 'a-«- '9- &«•
ST 17, 24. Ruth 4. 1
7 And if the man like not to take his a™to&£:
II brother's wife, then let his brother's wife ^55™!^
. 111 1 attended with
go ' up to the gate unto the elders, and f^faxloia

* Being ufed as a
Have or beaft.

Cor.
S-I7»

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — Harmony in fin often
iffues in mutual hatred and angry feparation. And it is mournful
to obferve that, for the cruelty and hatred of hufbands to wives,
cr other injurious effects of fin, God fhould fee it neceffary to
permit the divorcement of them. But fuch a feparation ought to
be taken with great deliberation, as there is fuch hardfhip con
nected with it, and no recalling of it. Happy is it when the mu
tual affection of married perfons is fixed at firft, and remains with
prudent tendernefs. How neceffary is it to obferve God's ordi
nances, however fliameful they may be to us! It is better now to

confefs our fin and be pardoned, than to conceal it and be damned.
Superiors, and efpecially judges, who are the fubftitutes of God,
ought to conduct themfelves in every cafe with equity and truth.
And with great compaffion ought we to treat our neighbours,
efpecially the poor, as their circumftances may require : though
they cannot recompenfe us with their wealth or labour, they may
do it with riieir prayers. And let us confider the great compaffion
God towards them. But how great his kindnefs in leaving to
us, finners of the Gentiles, in his word fuch plentiful gleanings
of divine truth !

Of difgracers of brethren\

CHAP. XXV. XXVI.

immodefiy, equity.

Before Chrift
1-451-

fay, My hufband' s brother refufeth to raife
up unto his brother a name in Ifrael; he
will not perform the duty of my hufband's
brother. 8 Then the elders of his city fhall call
him, and fpeak unto him : and if he ftand
to it, and fay, I like not to take her ;
9 Then fhall his brother's wife come
unto him in the prefence of the elders,
fc^esoN6.Vat: and k loofe his fhoe from off his foot, and
uiiS'io, \lffjl fpit in his face, and fhall anfwer and fay,
Rom. 6. 21. _f . ' />
So fhall it be done unto that man that
will not build up his brother's houfe.
1 ^"^isVic". io And his name fhall ' be called in
l'saiiR2°"o.'"' Ifrael, The houfe of him that hath his
fhoe loofed.
1 1 ^f When men ftrive together one
m7Ri3m'iTiLfc9? with another, and m the wife of the one
draweth 'near for to deliver her hufband
out ofthe hand of him that fmiteth him,
and putteth forth her hand, and taketh
him by the fecrets ;
1 2 Then thou fhalt cut off her hand ;
thine eye fhall not pity her.
nMc'.69'.'s'p™v. l3 "Thou fhalt not have in thy bag
Ezlklll'.V.1'1' § divers weights, a great and a fmall.
i Heb. ajime. and « i a Thou fhalt not have in thine houfe
.o-h*. a*, ph*h a»d * divers meafures, a great and a fmall.
15 But thou fhalt have a perfect and
juft weight ; a perfedl and juft meafure
**x£'&s!i6,%- ^^ t^lou have: that thy days ° may be
-*«£ »!«•»* lengthened in the land which the Lord
thy God giveth thee.
16 For all that do fuch things, and
^^Thef.^o? p all that do unrighteoufly, are an abo
des 8,5,7. minatjori utlto the Lord thy God.
*^_<7--8-Nuni. j j ^r 1 Remember what Amalek did
unto thee by the way when ye were come
forth out of Egypt :
1 8 How he met thee by the way, and
fmote the hindmoft of thee, even all that
were feeble behind thee, when thou

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — Inhuman cruelty, even
towards evil doers, nay, towards brute beafts, efpecially when
fervioeable to us, is very unbecoming the profeffors of Chriftianity.
It is impoffible to force affection,, or to render a marriage happy
without it. But the Chriftian in- eyery fituation muft attend to
the path of duty : and they deferve reproach themfelves who give
occafion to caft reproach on others. What fearful fhame and
difhonour muft then await thofe minifters and Chriftians who re
proach, and attempt to ruin, Chrifl: and his church, by refufing to

wafi faint and weary : and r he feared not

God.

Before Chrift
1452-
r Pf. 36. 1. Sc 10. 4,
19 Therefore it fhall be, when the jf-.^'f^j^-
Lord thy God hath given thee reft from l8i-
all thine enemies round about, in the
land which the Lord thy God giveth
thee for an inheritance to poffefs it, that
thou 5 flialt blot out the remembrance of '^Atft
Amalek from under heaven ; thou fhalt

not forget //.

& xv. & 27. 8. &
3c. 1, 17. ' Chr.
4.43. Ehitvii. viii.

CHAP.

XXVI.

With this chapter Mofes concludes the particular
charges he .gave to Ifrael before his parting from
them. Here (1) He prefcribes a form of confeffion
to be ufied by them when they offered the bafket of their
firft-fruits at pentecoft ; l — II. (2) He prefcribes
a proteftation to be made by them when they offered
their tithe of the third year; 12— 15- (3) He
concludes with an enforcement of all the injunclions
mentioned in this book, from the confideration of the
divine authority impofing themi, and that they Were-
the rule of that obedience to which God had bound
them, and to which they had bound themfelves by fa- -
lemn covenant; 16 — 19.
AND it fhall be, wheira thou art come a S^'&.'-V
in unto bthe land which the Lord hseech,4.i.ver.2,
thy God giveth thee for an inheritance, l *• *- '
and poffefleft it, and dwelleft therein ;
• 2 That thou c fhalt take ofthe firft of c*yft*^\™
all the fruit ofthe earth, which thou fhalt fcoV.'VsHli»j.
bring of thy land that the Lord thy God ?7*. ''&*£?
giveth thee, and fhalt put it in a bafket,
and fhalt d go unto the place which the.dC,t^i6;"£?
Lord thy God fhall choofe to place his £& °
name there:
3 And thou fhalt go e unto the prieft ° h^-VjT
that fhall be in thofe days, and fay unto
him, f I profefs this day, unto the Lord f
thy God, that I am come unto the coun
try which the Lord fware unto our-fa-
thers for to snve us«
O
4 And the prieft fliall take the bafket •
out of thine hand, and fet it down
s before the altar of the Lord thy God. ,

Jofh. 18. I. 2 Chr.

e Lev. 2. 12 — 16.

fPf. cv — evii.
exxxv. exxxvi. -

g Mat. 23. 19, Heb.
13. II— 15. ver.io.

exert themfelves in winning fouls to them! Nothing is. more
fliocking in a woman than immodefty, whether it be in the outrage
of paffion or in wanton lewdnefs. When once the hedge of mo
defty is broken through, the groffeft unchaftity may foon follow.
Deteftable to God, and hurtful to the ufer at laft, is every art of
fraud and diflionefty : and terrible and lafting, though often flow
in the execution, is God's vengeance againft the unprovoked in-
jurers of his people.

Profefiions to be made at offering DEUTERONOMY.

the firft '-fruits and tithes.

Before Chrift
Hi'-
i Hj'. 12. 12. Gen.
sr 41- 8c 31. 40.
^ 42. 1. 1.. 51. 1,
z Ezek-. 16. 3.

i Gen. 46. 27. 8c 47.
27. Exod. 1.7, 12.
8c 12. 37. PI. 105.
24. ch. 10. 22.
k Exod. 1. 8—22. &
2. 23—25. & 3. 6
—17. a; v. cc 6. 5

5 And thou fhalt fpeak and fay before
the Lord thy God, A h Syrian ready to
perifh was my father, and he went down
into Egypt, and fojourned there with
a ' few, and became there a nation, great,
mighty, and populous:
6 And the Egyptians k evil entreated

us, and laid upon us

I Exod. vii— xiv. &
3. 19, 20. & 6. 6.
* ch. 4. 34. Neh, 9.
9 — n. If. 65. 9^-
13. Pf. 78.42— 54-
Sc IO5. 27 — 44. &
II4. 1—8. & 106.
8, g.& 135.8— 12.
&J36. 10 — 22,
Jer. 32.20 — 22. Sc
2. 6, 7. Ezek. 20.
5— z8. 2 Chr. 17.
21. 22. Afts 7. 34
— 36.&13. 17. ch.
6. 10, 11. & 8. 8,
y. & 11. 10, it.
in Exod. 3 . 7, 8. Neh.
9. 12, 12. Pf. cv.
Sc 78. 55. & cvi.
cxxxy exxxvi.
Exod. xv. to Jofh.
XX.
nVer. 2, 4. ch. 18.4.
Num. 18. 11, 12.
Exod. 22. 29. &
34. 22, 26.

o Ch. 12. 7, 17— 19,
& 14. 22—29. &
¦18.4.&28. 1 — 14.
Lev. 7. n — 16.
Mat.7.11. &6. 33.
.Rom. 8. 28, 31.
PL 84. 11. & 85.
-*2. PhiL'4. 19.

p Ch. 14. 28, 29.
Prov. 14.21. The
Jews had atleaft
twawarly tithes,
the fitft belonged
only to the Le
vites, the fecund
was ufed by the
fiver and Levites.
erhaps this on
thc third year was
entirely given to
Lev.tes and poor,
to be eaten at
home.

us, and afflicted
hard bondage :
7 And, when we cried unto the Lord
God of our fathers, the Lord heard our
voice, and looked on our affliction, and
our labour, and our oppreffion :
8 And the Lord 1 brought us forth
out of Egypt with a mighty hand, and
with an out-ftretched arm, and with
great terriblenefs, and with figns, and
with wonders :
9 And ra he hath brought us into this
place, and hath given us this land, even
a land that floweth with milk arid
honey. 10 And now, behold, n I have brought
the firft-fruits of the land, which thou,
O Lord, haft given me. And thou fhalt
fet it before the Lord thy God, and wor
fhip before the Lord thy God :
1 1 And thou " flialt rejoice in every
good thing which the Lord thy God hath
given unto thee, and unto thine houfe,
thou, and the Levite, and the ftranger
that is among you.
1 2 ^f When thou haft made an end of
tithing all the tithes of thine increafe the
third year, which is p the year of tithing,
and haft given // unto the Levite, the
ftranger, the fatherlefs, -and the widow,
that they may eat within thy gates, and
be filled ;
13 Then thou fhalt fay before the
Lord thy God, I have brought away

Reflections upon Chap. XXVf. — God faithfully and ex
actly fulfils his promifes, even to the moft unworthy. And a
grateful acknowledgment thereof, and of our own meannefs and
guilt, is but a juft tribute to him for his goodnefs. Paft deliver
ances, granted to ourfelves or others, ought never to be forgot
ten : and all our gifts of providence, as well as of redemption,
muft be acknov ledged as coming from God's hand. The firft
and beft therefore of all that we have ought to be offered »up to
his fervice : and our earthly bleffings will then 'be doubly fweet to
us when we receive them as coming to us from God's mercy and
6

Before Chrift
1452.

q Lev. 7. 20. HoH q,
4. ch. 16. II.

and have done according to all

the hallowed things out of mine houfe,
and alfo have given them unto the Levite,
and unto the ftranger, to the fatherlefs,
and to the widow, according to all .thy
commandments which thou haft com
manded me : I have not tranfgreffed thy
commandments, neither have i forgotten
them: 14 I have q not eaten thereof in my
mourning, neither have I taken away
ought thereof for any unclean ufe, nor
given ought thereof for the dead: but \
have hearkened to the voice of the Lord
my God,
that thou haft oommanded me.
15 rLook down from thy holy habi- r£S:L{-*!fefc
tation, from heaven, and blefs thy people ?•'»• &-atn
Ifrael, and the land which thou haft
given us, as thou fwareft unto our fa
thers, a land that floweth with milk and
honey. 1 6 ^f s This day the Lord thy God ' jfifjftfff^
hath commanded thee to do thefe ftatutes '' &12- '¦ v"
and judgments : ' thou fhalt therefore keep tC,o:5;»?& ,6,'.si|
and do them with all thine heart, and ^.S"^*.
" . - '69.
with all thy foul.
17 Thou haft "avouched the Lotu> ¦££?.£ J&:
this day to be thy God, and * to walk in
his ways, and to keep his ftatutes, and
his commandments, and his judgments,
and to hearken unto his voice :
18 And y the Lord hath avouched
thee this day to be his peculiar people, as
he hath promifed thee, and that thou
fhouldeft keep all. his commandments ;
19 And to make thee * high above all z f^jf\f\
nations which he hath made, in praife, iliff.^.'&oS
and in name, and in honour; and that fftli. 8c%.'K,
thou mayeft be an holy people unto the f^t'^Viih
Lord thy God, as he hath fpoken. 6,t &7'.f. ft
J l ch. 7. 6. Sc 14. 2.

11. 12.2. Pf. 31
14. & OI.2- & I 111.
28. Zech. 13. 9.
x See ver. 16. Pf.
ur). 5,6, II, 32,
106. 8c 116. 16.
Luke 1. 6.

7. 6. i
Exod. 19. 5, 6. 8c
6.7. 2 Sam. 7. 24.
Gen. 17. 2. Jer.
31—34- & 3». 3*
— 40. Ezek. 36.
25—27.

love. Let our diftributions to the Lord's minifters and poor be
fuch as we can anfwer for at the judgment-feat of God. Faith
fulnefs in thefe will draw his bleffing 6n our enjoyments; but, if
we rob him in them, we may expect his curfe on our hafket and
on our ftore. Let us then be hearty friends and well-wifliers to
the welfare of his church and people. Let our covenant relation
to God, our folemn obligation in it, and the honours which he has
given or promifed to us, excite us to the moft exadt and- univerfa)
obedience to his laws.

Laws written on ptafercdfones.

CHAP. XXVII.

Curfesfor breaking the. law.

Jlefore Chrift

CHAP.. XXVII.
To promote the obfervation of the lazus which he had
already inculcated, Mofes here prefcribes outward
means ( I ) For helping their memories. That they
might never be forgotten, or become as ftrange things,
they muft, at their very entrance into Canaan, write
them on plaflered ftones ; and on that occafion ereil
an altar, and with peace-offerings cehbrate a feaf)
to the Lord; 1 — 10. (2) For moving their affec
tions. That they might never be indifferent to
theft laws as light things, the bleffings and curfies,
with which they were fanclioned, mvft be folemnly
pronounced from Gerizzim and Ebal, and all the
people fay amen to them;. 11 — 26.
ND Mofes, with the elders of Ifrael,
commanded the people, faying,
Keep all the commandments which I
" command you this day.
'SV&fT'io.* 2 And it fliall be, on the day b when
|5°™o.Jloin,'4&,. ye fhall pafs over Jordan uiito the land
which, the Lord thy God giveth thee*
that thou flialt fet thee up c great ftones,
and plafter them with, plafter~
%%\%i?ffZ. 2 And thou d fhalt write upon them all
the words of this law., when thou art

Before Chrift
1451.

A1

aCh. 4. 1,2,6. &$.
1.&6. 2. &8. 1.
Sc 11, 31. i iz.32

cEzek. ti. 19. &
36. i&. ver. 4.

/•ecu. 3, 9.
Jer. 31. 33. 2 Cor.

3.2,3. Either th-,
ten command-
KYDeutcrc paired over, that thou mayeft go in unto
iiSE e the land which the LoRD thy- God siveth
on *ere ii^V" thee, a land that floweth with milk and

which. m.Kht re-
Kr^anrTear'tMy. honey ; as the Lord God of thy fathers
c T, =L(.a 8. ^th. promifed thee.
- iT&Sn*.1,?! 7. & 4 Therefore. it fliall be, when ye be gone
I^rTSoifsls: over Jordan, that ye fliall fet up thefe
ftones, which I command you this day,
in mount Ebal, and thou fhalt plafter
them with plafter.
^joih's^rfjt 5 And there f fhalt thou build an altar
-lilzzl'itziise. unto the Lord thy God, an altar of ftones :
thou fhalt not lift up any iron tool upon
them. 6 Thou fhalt build the altar of the
Lord thy God of whole ftones : and thou
E^2V6.'ivStm20?28t fhalt offer s burnt-offerings thereon unto
the Lord thy God :
kKo%ohn56. 7 And thou fhalt Offer h peace-offerings,
&"?'' Ga'3' and fhalt eat there, and rejoice before the
Lord thy God.
j Ver, 3. Jofh. 8. 32, 0
34- Pf- 4°- 8. O
Zech. 3. 9. Jer. 31,
33- 2 Cor. ,. 2,3.
II- 119. H. plainly. • 9 % And Mofes, and the priefts the Le-
*&\^.1?$' yites» *Pake unto all Ifrael, faying, k Take

And
ftones all

thou ' fhalt write upon the
the words of this law very

.thou art become the people of the Lord
thy God. 
10 ' Thou fhalt therefore obey the ^D'H'^tm!:
voice of the Lord thy God, and do his. 4'5¦&6•'i•
commandments and his ftatutes which I
command thee this day.
1 1 5f And Mofes charged the people the
fame day, faying,
12 Thefe fhall ftand upon
Gerizzim to blefs the people when ye are
come over Jordan ; "Simeon, and Levi,
and Judah, and Iflachar, and Jofeph, and
Benjamin :
13 And thefe fhall. ftand upon " mount
Ebal ° to curfe; Reuben, Gad, and ° ;

mount "jS.-.y-jf^ 9.7.

Thefe were rhe
molt honourable
tribes, all dcfcenrl-
ed of free women.

Lea. 19. 4. & 26.
I. ch. 4. 16, 23. &¦
5.8.
r 2 Kin. 23. 13. If,
44. 19. Ezek.7. 20.-

16,

¦7- 8c .1. 17,

heed, and hearken, O Ifrael; this day

n Ver. 4. ch. 11. 20.
Jofh. 8. 30, 31. ^
and "^fft"-
Afher, and Zebulun, Dan, and Naphtali.
14 5f And p the Levites fhall fpeak, and ,'fh7.,3: '
fay unto all the men of Ifrael with a loud
voice, 15 <• Curfed be the man that maketh *j^4.V&££
any graven or molten image, an r abomi
nation unto the Lord, the work of the
"hands of the craftfman, and ' putteth it ,.
" SC S Pf. 44. 20, 21.
in a fecret place. And c all the people fhall ^aV^l4'
anfwer and fay, Amen. t v?r. .3, ,6-26.
J 7 Num. 5. 22. Jer.
l6 Curfed- be he that u fetteth light by \\y lCor- '*
his father or- his mother. And all the uEMd. 20.12. &.i,.
, f, ,, f. 15-17- Lev. 19. 3.
peopl e f h-al 1 fay, Am en . v,ov- *°- '?•
17 Curfed be he that x removeth his x SVa9' &4v ','"
neighbour's land-mark. And all the people JiLb **¦ l' H°'' *:
fhall fay, Amen.
1 8 Curfed be he that r maketh the blind *{%;$£%%:
to wander out of the way. And all the *"' *" '*'
people fliall fay, Amen.
T9 Curfed be he that z perverteth the z^:^'ztlt
judgment of the ftranger, fatherlefs, and 1Z" *"'' 8i' 3'-
widow. ' And all the people fhall fay,
Amen. 20 Curfed be
father's, wife
father's fkirt. And all the people fliall fay,
Amen. 21- Curfed be he b that lieth, with, any
manner of beaft. And all the people fliall
fay, Amen.
22 Curfed be he c that lieth with his- c \t\l9' ,C '.*

he a that lieth with his a tcy i\ 8- * 2*
II. CH. 22. 30.
becaufe he uncovereth his

Cor. 5. I. Amos
2. 7. 2 Sam. 16. :,,
22. Gen. 35. 22,
S..C 22. IO.

bLcv. 18.2-,. &20-
15. Exod. 22. us.

fifter, the daughter of his father, or the tfl\ li\t
daughter of his mother* And all the
people fhall fay, Amen.
A ^ r 1 7 1 l 1- , -,,¦ dU-.-. 18. r7. S.-20.
23 d Curfed be he that heth with his it^i&^yK

Advantages of obedience.
mother-in-law fay, Amen.
24 Curfed be he that

Before Chrift
1452.

DEUTER
And all the people fhall-
fmiteth his

«Exod.2Q. 1;. &21
12, 14. Lev. 24.
ll'.%"u.is'11' neighbour fecretly. And all the people
fhall fay, Amen.
f ^f,",.',-;.^' 25 Curfed be he that { taketh reward to
iVE°oi?'i3.ii'. ic flay an innocent perfon. And all the
2z. *2. Gen. g. 6. -' -, J
N.m. 35. 3,. people fhall fay, Amen.
go_i 3,0. jer. 11. 26 s Curfed be he that confirmeth not
i. Lzek. i\i. 1,4.
Rom.j.,9,zo.nc a/f tne W01-ds 0f this law to do them:
And all the people fhall fay, Amen.
CHAP. XXVIII.
To make what he had faid fink deep into the confciences
of the people, Mofes again, mare largely than ever,
declares what bleffings would attend their - obedience,
and what curfies their difobedience. ( I ) What fafety
and eafe, what increafe of their families, what wealth
and honour, what fuccefs in their employments, what
viclory over their enemies, and. what near relation
to God, would attend tbeir obedience ; I — 14.
( 2 ) IVhat -curfies . on themfelves and property, what
bodily difeafes, what famine, what defeats in war,
what infatuation of counfels, what pillage of property,
what tyrannical ufiage by oppreffors, what invafions
of their country, what Jlaughter, what captivity,
- what difiperfton among the nations, and what reproach,
contempt, madnefs, ani mifery in it, fhould attend their
*Lev^2&>3. Exod. difobedience; 15 — 68.
pf! 19. 11. if. 1.
ig. & 3. 10. ch.]
13, 22. Mal. 6.
I Cor. 15. 58.
I Tim. 4. 8.

'¦'"•' A -^D it ^an come to Paf"s» a if tnou
"' 11. fhalt hearken diligently unto the

0 N O M Y, Bleffings attending Ifrael* s obedience*
voice b£ the Lord thy God, to obferve ^4e5^riil
and to do all his commandments which I  " — -— *
command thee this day, that the Lord
thy God will fet thee b on high above all bf $.%&,.
nations of the earth :
2 And all thefe bleffings fhall c come c T"d.'f r^t
on thee, and overtake thee, if thou fhalt "e'er•,•
hearken unto the voice of the Lord thy
God.
• 3 d BhiTed Jhalt thou be in the city", and A*£tl£^
blefled Jhalt thou be in the field.
4 Blefled Jhall be £ the fruit of thy 'S^Vfe1^
body, and the fruit of thy ground, and ,z-'s&,I1'i-
the fruit of thy cattle, the increafe of thy
kine, and the flocks of thy fheep.
5 f Blefled Jhall be thy bafket and thy !c*ft^~*"i:^
flOre. « Or dough, or
6 Blefled 'Jhalt thou be when s thou g2Chr.Tio,T>f.
comeft in, and blefled Jhalt thou be when S.8'i?'ij.''1'
thou goeft out.
7 The Lord fhall caufe thine enemies
that rife up againft thee to be h fmitten. ^tg^-
before thy face: -they fhall come out cL ^"lo'.13'1
againft thee one way, and flee before thee . ,
-P «' 7 1 Lev. 25. 21. Phut,
feven ways. * jj £a* £
29. II. Sc 1 ij- 1,

8 The Lord ' fhall command the bleff
ing upon thee in thy + ftorehoufes, and t

. & 28. 1, 2,
Prov. 10. 22.

¦Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — Such as are in authority
ought to exert all their influence in promoting the fervice of God.
And, when minifters and magiftrates fhew themfelves zealous in
their ftation for God, people are ready to follow their example.
Every privilege that we enjoy ought to be an incitement to uni
verfal hoiinefs : and God's law is fo plain, that every one may
attain a moderate knowledge of it; but, to become effectual, it
muft be written on our hard hearts by the Spirit of God; and all

obedience to it muft be founded on the atoning and peace-procur
ing blood of Jefus Chrift. In this order, what folid peace and joy
are found in believing, and in cordial dedication of ourfelves. to
God's fervice ! In keeping his commandments a bleffed reward of
grace is to. be expected : but moft terrible curfes await thofe who,
after profeffed fubjeetion to God, and folemn acquiefcence in his
law and fanftions of it, do yoluntarily apoftatize from his ways, and
indulge themfelves in fecret or open wickednefs.

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Chap. XXVIII  This chapter is nearly allied to
J.ev. xxvi. 3 — 39 : only it more largely infills upon the mercies, and efpecially the
judgments, that were to befall the Ifraelites after their entrance into Canaan till the
end of the world. It is not to be confidered as a mere fanclion of the laws formerly
declared, but alfo as a real prediction of future events. The firft fourteen verfes had
their accomplifhment in the various mercies which the Jews met with before their
laft difperfion by the Romans; particularly in the days ai Jofhua; chap. iii. — xxiv.
in the Refts under the Judges; Judg. iii. 11. 30, 31. and viii. 28; and under
Samuel; i Sam. v. z. David; z Sam. v. x. 1 Chron. xii. — xxix. Solomon; 1 Kings 1.
X. 2 Chron. i. — ix. Afa; 1 Kings xv. 9. — 15. 2 Chron. xiii.— xvi. Jehofhaphat;
a Chron. xvii. — xx. Joafh; 2 Kings xi. xii. 2 Chron. xxiii. xxiv. Uzziah and Jo
tham; 2 Chron. xxvi. xxvii. Hezekiah; 2 Kings xyiii. xix. Ifa. xxxvi. xxxvii.
2 Chron. xxix. to xxxii. Jo/tab; 2 Kings xxii. xxiii. 2 Chron. xxxiv. xxxv. ; and in
the days of Ezra ; i. — x. and of Efther; i.— x. and of Neh. i. — x. ; and under the
Maccabees, Judas, Jonathan, Simon Hircanus, and Alexander Janneus, from about one
hundred and fixty to about eighty years before Chrift's birth.— From ver. 1 5 to the end
are delineated the various and manifold miferies which their fin mould bring upon them,
jfrom their entance into Canaan till their future reftoration; i. e. for the fpace of three
thoufand ' three hundred years; particularly in the days of Jofhua; Jolh. vii. the
Judges; Judg. i. — iii. iv. vi. ix. x. xii. — xxi. Samuel; t Sam. iv. xi. xiii. xiv.
xvii. xxxi. David; 2 Sam. ii. iii. xv. — xxi. xxiv. Solomon; r Kings xi. Rehoboam,
Ali] ah, Jehofhaphat; i Kings xii — xxi. 2 Kings i. — vi. Jehoram, Ahazicth, Joafh,
Amaziah, Uzziah, Ahaz, Hezekiah, Manaffeh; 2 Kings viii — xxi. z Chron. xxi.
xxii. xxv. xxviii. xxxii. xxxiii. ; and Jehoiakim, Jehoictch'm, Zedekiah, and in Babylon;
* Kings xxiv. xxv. a Chron. xxxv. xxxvi. Jer. xiv.— xxix. xxxiv. to xliv. The

body of the ten tribes of Ifrael were generally miferable after the death of Solomon.
They were carried captive, and difperfed among the heathens, about feven hundred and
twenty years before Chrift, whence few of them ever returned to Canaan. Such of
them, or of the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, who returned to their own land, by
order from Cyrus, Ezra i. were not only haraffed by the neighbouring nations of Am
monites, Moabites, Edomites, Arabians, Philiftines, and others, but alfo by the Perfian
and Grecian emperors ; but moft terribly by Ochus the Perfian, about three hundred
and fifty; and Antiochus, Epiphanes; Dan. viii. 23—25. and xi. 1% — 35, about one
hundredand fixty years before Chrift.— But their moft fearful calamities tegm- to come
upon them, from the Romans, about fixty-fiye .years befqre Chrift. They invaded
their country ; and, after manifold calamities, about A. D. 70, rendered it a defolate
wildernefs, burning their cities, flaying the inhabitants, it-is probable to the number of
fome millions, and felling fuch as remained to the Egpytians and others for flaves.
About A. D. 136 the Romans repeated their terrible (laughter of fuch Jews as they
found in Canaan, and even in other places of their empire.; and annual fairs were held
for the fale of the captives. Since which, hated of all nations in Europe, Afia, or
Africa, among which they have been difperfed, and often deluded by pretenders to
Mefiiahihip, they have, for thefe feventeen hundred years, been diftrefl'ed with the
moft fearful calamities, perfecutiorls, and maffacres,' from- the Perfians, Saracens,
Turks, and Chrifiians; but chiefly the Greeks, Spaniards, French, Englifh, and
Germans. Thus every promife or threatening refpecling the Jewifh nation is but
a repetition or enlargement of what we have in this chapter and the firft part of the xxx.
1— 9 ; and every event of providence refpecling that nation, from their entrance into
Canaan till the eud of -time, is the accompliflimcnt thereof. See Iiitredut7issit
p. 71 — So. 8

Bleffings attending Ifrael* s obedience. CHAP. XXVIII.

Curfe s attending their difobedience.

Before Chru\

in all that thou fetteft thine hand unto :
and he fhall blefs thee in the land which
the Lord thy God giveth thee.
9 The Lord fhall k eftablifh thee an

k Gen. 17. 7, 8.
Exod. 19. s, 6.
& '1 18, io1.4' *' holy people unto himfelf, as he hath
2 S1U11.7. 24. Rom. - J * s. . . r -
il'&2\ZV.:$, lworn unto thee, if thou fhalt keep the
37. &60. 21. ' ¦ r . . ^- -i
I See ver. 1, 2, 13.
ch. 4 1, 40.&6- J.
Exod. 15. 26*

BlCh. 14. If2.&2&.
iX.£cz.zS.Scu.
25. Sc 4. 7, S.
iV..\t.. 18. iz, ij.
29.U.44.5. Scbi
6, 9. &64- 11,12
&4l.S.Jefh.S-l
nCh. 30.9. Pf. 118
j. & 144.12—15
&IU. J.PlOV.IO
11. \cr. 3 — S.&3
io. Lev. 26. 9.

commandments of the Lord thy God,
and walk in his ways.
And all people of the earth fliall

10

m fee that thou art called by the name of
the Lord, and they fhall be afraid of
thee. And n the Lord fhall make thee

1 1

plenteous + in goods, in the fruit of thy
1 body, and in the fruit of thy cattle, and
tOr for good. . , •> ' . r , - J . , , ,
«!**.*«.'/>. m the fruit of thy ground, in the land
.CI1.4.1.&27.J. which the Lord fware unto thy fathers

to give thee.
The Lord *

q Lev. 26. 13. ch. 15.
6. Prov. 22. 7.
Num. 24. 18, ig.
If. 9. 14, 15.

pf^y6PJ-'$ _ 12 The Lord * fhall open unto thee
!,;lryIr\oV'2*: ^s g0°d treafure ; the heaven to give the
zs,U:lrcl<;A7.i. rain unto thy land in his feafon, and to
blefs all the work, of thine hand : and thou
fhalt lend unto many nations, and thou
fhalt not borrow.
13 And the Lord 1 fhall make thee the
head, and not the tail ; and thou fhalt be
above only, and thou fhalt not be beneath ;
'|T&$f & r ^ that thou hearken unto the command-
6.o.,iIcor.4i's8'5& ments of the Lord thy God, which I
command thee this day to obferve and to
do them:
*£:#£*£¦• '4 And thou fhalt s not go afide from
viTiV* m? °f the words wnich I command thee
7' this day, to the right hand or to the left,
to go after other gods to ferve them.
\5% But it fhall come to pafs, ' if thou
wilt not hearken unto the voice of the
Lord thy God, to obferve to do all his
commandments and his ftatutes which I
command thee this day ; that u all thefe
'?iiSIL curfes fhall come upon thee, and overtake
Ro.u.2.8,9. ^^^
*™z?:hl\cZ: 16 x Curfed Jhalt thou be in the city,
,er'19' and curfed Jhalt thou be in the field.
T^J:Stf£2: 1 7 y Curfed fhall be thy bafket and thy
Rom. 11. 9. Prov. n J J •*
i-s*. itore.
zHof. 9. 13. Mal.
2. Sc 1. 9.

I Lev. ;J. 14, 18, ii,
zo. & 8. 10, 20.
Prov. 1. 14—31.
ch. 30. 17, 18. &
31. 16, 17, 20,21,
29. Sc 31. 15—26.
Jofh. 23. 15, 16.
Lam. 2.17. Mal. 2.
2. Dan. 9. 11, 15.
fee ver. 45, 48.

Vol. I.

18 z Curfed Jhall be the fruit of thy
body, and the fruit of thy land, the in
creafe of thy kine, and the flocks of thy
fheep.

Curfed fhalt thou be when thou

whereby thou haft for-
fliall make the pefti-

19 a LJurled fhalt tnou be wnen rnou ^T^f
comeft in, and curfed fhalt thou be when a«.,.M.jr^
tnou sfoeft out. *?'\'V5-G=J-
O 3- 10. John j. ,8^
20 b The Lord fliall fend upon thee &p'-7-"- ver-
curfing;, vexation, and rebuke, in all that bMai.*.?.ri,.7.,J.
" 1 £ ,- , & 4. 26. & 3. 19,
thou fetteft thine hand unto s for to do, fc^ft5": }{„.
until thou be deftroyed, and until thou IfdVl^^
perifh quickly; becaufe of the wickednefs
of thy doings
faken me.
21 The Lord
lence cleave unto thee, until he have
confumed thee from off the land whither
thou goeft to poflefs it.
22 dThe Lord fhall fmite thee with a d S^s'/a™,'
confumption, and with a fever, and with %&"££ 1?-
an inflammation, and with an extreme
burning, and with the * fword, and with *
blafting, and with mildew ; and they fhall
purfue thee until thou perifh.
23 And thy e heaven that is over thy e^?/i'7.'?:&k
head fhall be brafs, and the earth that is
under thee Jhall be iron.
24 The Lord fhall f make the rain of ^-fi^ij^-
thy land powder and duft : from heaven Jobl8-'5-
fhall it come down upon thee, until thou
be deftroyed.
2 c The Lord g fhall caufe thee to be «}'«¦ 7. <*¦ ;*• 3*
J , . n J-ev. 20.17, 2„ ;;.
fmitten before thine enemies : thou fhalt
go Out one way againft them, and flee
feven ways before them ; and fhalt be

1 Sam. 12. xj.
1 Thef. 2. 16.
$ Heb. wbith thtit
•WHUldcft dv*

C Exod, 5. 3. Amos
4. 10. 2 Sam. 24.
15. Jer. 15. 2. Sc
lb. 4. Mat. 24. 7.

Jer. 3.3. & 14.
I — 6. Amos 4. 7.
Joel. 1. 17 — 20.
ch. 11. 17.

Judg. 1. 14. 11 jp.
17. Jer. 15.4, 9. <fc
29. 18. & 34. 17.
Hof. 11. 6. Ezek.
23. 46. Luke lu
24.

removed into all the

kingdoms

of the

b Heb. far a rttmV'
in*, fee ver. 64,
36. ch. $1. 26.

Sc 14. 20. Pi. 79.
Amos 8. ;,

kExod. I Sam
7S bo.

9. 9-TI.
S V- P>-
uitli I'Xud.
ver. 22. 55

earth. 26 And thy ! carcafe fhall be meat unto iJ|k»:i,,l;,71
all fowls of the air, and unto the beafts
of the earth ; and no man fliall fray them
away. 27 The Lord will k fmite thee with
the botch of Egypt, and with the eme-
rods, and with the fcab, and with the
itch, whereof thou canft not be healed.
28 The Lord fhall l fmite thee with
madnefs, and blindnefs, and aftonifhment
of heart :
29 And thou fhalt m grope at noon
day, as the blind gropeth in darknefs,
and thou fhalt not proiper in thy ways :
and thou fhalt be only oppreffed and
fpoiled evermore, and no man fliall lave
thee. R r

iS.-im, 16 14. If.
42. 1.,. j.-: 4. .;.
LnV-c zi. sc, -.(,.
ver. iz, is, 6,'.

mJob4, 11. 50.
2J, ZS

i4.&ii.t;. 10. Pf. 6g.
. Rom. 11.
Thef. 2 16.
Mi-

Fearful curfes and miferies

DEUTERONOMY. attending the Ifraelites* difobedience.

Before Chrift
*45*'
n Jer. 8. io. & 12.
13. Job 31. 8.
Amos 5. 11. Zeph.
1. 13. ch. 2Q. 6.
% Heb. profane, or
u/c it ascommtn
WMXU

ft Heb. jhall not re
turn to thee.

0 Ver. 41. Amos §.
27. Mic. 4. 10. Jer.
15. 2. Joel j. 6.

§ Power to rercue,
or money to ran-
I'jin them.
p If. 1.7. Jer. 5.17.
& 8. 16. Lev. 26.
16. Hof. 7. 9. ver.
51.

q Ver. 28, 67. If. 33.
14. Rev. 16.10.
Luke 21. 25, 26.
j Ver. 22,27. J®h Zi
7. If. 1. 6. Sc 3.
27,24-

s" Ver. 25, 64. 2 Kin.
' 17.6. &XXW.XXV.
Lam. 4. 20. 2 Chr.
33. 11. ch. 4. 27,
28. Jer. 15. 4.
Luke 21. 24.

t iJCin. 9. 7. Pf, 44-
13, 14. If. 65. 15.
Jer. 24. 9. & 25. g,
&42- 18. &44.12.
&18. 16. &19.8,
2ech.8. 13. ch. 4.
38. Sc 29. 22—28,

a Mic 6. 15. Joel 1
4. & 2. 1, 16, 17,
Hag. 1. 6. Amos 4
9. & 7. 1. Hab. 3,
37. If. 5. 10. Excel
10. 5, 15. ver. 42.
X Ch. 20. 6. ver. 30,

y Jon. 4.7. Jcel 1. 4
— 7. & 2. 2 — 4.
Exod. 10- 5, 15.
ver. 38, 42.

% Pf. 23. 5. & 104,
>5-

a Ver. 31. If. 39. 7.
* Heb. ihey jhall net
be thine*

30 Thou fhalt n betroth a wife, and
another man fhall lie with her: thou -fhalt
build an houfe, and thou flialt not dwell
therein : thou fhalt plant a vineyard, and
fhalt not + gather the grapes thereof.
31 Thine ox fhall be flain before thine
eyes, and thou fhalt not eat thereof: thine
afs Jhall be violently taken away from
before thy face, I' and fhall not be reftored
to thee : thy fheep Jhall be given unto
thine enemies, and thou fhalt have none
to refcue them.
32 Thy " fons and thy daughters Jhall
be given unto another people, and thine
eyes fhall look, and fail with longing for
them all the day long : and there Jhall be
no § might in thine hand.
22 The p fruit of thy land, and all;
thy labours, fhall a nation which thou
knoweft not eat up ; and thou fhalt be'
only oppreffed and crufhed alway :
34 So that thou fhalt q be mad for the
fight of thine ey'es which thou fhalt fee.
35 The Lord fhall r fmite thee in the
knees, and in the legs, with a fore botch
that cannot be healed, from the fole of
thy foot unto the top of thy head.
36 The Lord fhall s bring thee, and
thy king which thou fhalt fet over thee,
unto a nation which neither thou nor thy
fathers have known ; and there fhalt thou
ferve other gods, wood and ftone.
37 And thou fhalt become ' an afto-
nifhment, a proverb, and a by-word,
among all nations whither the Lord fliall
lead thee.
38 u Thou flialt carry much feed out
into the field, and fhalt gather but little
in ; for the locuft fhall confume it.
39 x Thou flialt plant vineyards and
drefs them, but fhalt neither drink ofthe
wine, nor gather the grapes; for the
y worm fhall eat them.
40 Thou flialt have olive-trees through
out all thy coafts ; but thou fhalt not
% anoint thyfelf with the oil ; for thine
olive fhall caft his fruit.
41 Thou flialt a beget fons and daugh
ters, but * thou fhalt not enjoy them ; for
they fhall go into captivity.

42 b All thy trees and fruit of thy land
fhall the locuft ¦+ confume.
c The ftranger that is within thee and

43

fhall get up above thee very high ;
thou flialt come down very low.
44 d He fhall lend to thee, and thou fhalt
not lend to him: he fhall be the head,
and thou fhalt be the tail.
45 Moreover, , e all thefe curfes fhall
come upon thee, and fhall purfue thee,
and overtake thee, till thou be deftroyed ;
becaufe thou hearkenedft not unto the
voice of the J^ord thy God, to keep his
commandments and his ftatutes which he
commanded thee :
46 And they fhall be upon thee f for a
fign^ and for a wonder, and upon thy feed
for ever :
47 g Becaufe thou fervedft not the
Lord thy God with joyfulnefs, and with
gladnefs of heart, for the abundance of
all things:
48 Therefore fhalt h thou ferve thine
enemies whom the Lord fhall fend
againft thee, in hunger, and in thirft,
and in nakednefs, and in want of all
things: and he fliall put a yoke of iron
upon thy neck,, until he have deftroyed
thee. 49 The Lord fhall

Before Chrift
'45*-
b Joel i. ii. ver. 38.
Amos 7. 1, 2.
t Or poffefs.
c Lam. 1. 5. Pf. 44,
9—12. 8c 66. 12.
Rom.'_n.. 10..
Judg.'iv.
d Vet. 12, 13. Prov.
22.7.

e Lev. 26. 18. If. j.
11.& 1. 20. 8c 50.
1, 2. 1 Thef. 2.
16. Rom. 2. 8, 9.
E2ck. 18. 4. fee
ver. 15. Prov. ij.
21. 8c 1. 31. & 14.
14. Jer. 2. 17,19.
& 4. 18. & 5. 25.
..8s 6. 19. & 16. 18,
19.

f Ver. 37, 59. c-h. 29,
20 — 28. Luke 21.
24. Jer. 19. S.
Rom. n. 10, 25.
I Thef. 2. 16.

g Neh. 9. 35^36. ch.
32. 13—15.

h Judg. 2. 14. 8c 3.
8, T2, 14. & 4. Z,
3. & 6. 1. & 10.7,
8. & 13. 1. 2 Chr.
12. 8. Jer. 28. 13,
14. with 27. 6 — 8,
IZ. Luke 21. 22—
26. lThcf. 2. 16.

' bring a nation
againft thee from far, from the end of
the eagle flieth ;

the earth, as fwift as
a nation whofe tongue thou fhalt not
+ underftand; 50 A nation " k of fierce countenance,
which fhall not regard the perfon of the
old, nor fhew favour to the young :
51 And he ' fhall eat the fruit of thy
cattle, and the fruit of thy land, until
thou be deftroyed : which alfo fhall not
leave thee either corn, wine, or oil, or
the increafe of thy kine, or flocks of thy
fheep, until he have deftroyed thee,

i If. J, 26—30. Set.
TV*- Hao. I. 6— 9.
& 3, 16. Jer. 5. 15.
& 6. 22. Luke 19.
43. Hof. 8.1. Last.
4.- I°-

52 And he fhall m befiege thee in all

thy gates, until thy high and fenced walls
come down, wherein thou truftedft,
throughout all thy land : and he fhall
befiege thee in all thy gates throughout
all thy land which the Lord thy God
hath given thee.

} Heb. hear.
J! Heb.y/Vcnjr of fats.
kir.5. 27 — 30. &13.
18. Hab. 1. 7—9.
- Ezek. 7. 21, 24.
. Jer. 1. ij, 8c 4. 7.
& 6. 22. Amos 1.
13. Lam. 5. 11, 12.
& 4. 4 — 10. -Hof.
13. 16. ch: 32.HC.
Dan. 7:7. &8. 23.
Luke 19. 43.
1 Lev. 26. 26. If. 1. 7.
Hab. 3. .16, 17-
Luke 21. 22—26.
ver. 33.

m Lev. 26.25. 2 Kin.
17. 5. &18. 13. &
24. 10,11. 8c 25. «
—4. Luke 19. 43j
44.

Miferies from the Syrians, Affyrians,

CHAP. XXVIII.

Chaldeans, Greeks, Romans.

52 And n thou fhalt eat\ the fruit of
lK- thine own § body, the flefh of thy fons

Before Chrift
1452.

%&cXl and of thy daughters
JIX0' thy God hath given

,13.6.
Mark 13. 12. with
Prov. 23. 6. Mat.
so. 15.

p Ver. S3. Jer. 5. 10.
&I4. 2. 2 Chr. 36.

q Ver. S4. Lev. 26.
29. 2 Kin. 6. 29.
Lam. 2. 20. & 4. 3
— 6, 10. Ezek. 5.
IS.

* Hell, after hirth.

T Ver. j;. Lev. 26.
14. ch. 6. 13. Jer.
5. 22. Pf. 83. 18.
If. 42. 8. ch. 3;.

s Ver. 46. Lam. 1.9.
8z 4. 12. Dan. 9.
iz.ch. 29. 20— 24.
£.-31. 17,i8.&32.
22 — 26. 1 Kin. 9.
7—9. Luke 21.

whom the Lord
. thee, in the fiege'
md in the ftraitnefs wherewith thine
enemies fhall diftrefs thee :
54 So that the man that is tender
among you, and very delicate, ° his eye
fhall be evil toward his brother, and to
ward the wife of his bofom, and toward
the remnant of his children which he fhall
leave :
55 So that he will not give to any of
them of the flefh of his children whom he
fhall eat: becaufe he hath nothing left
him in p the fiege and in the ftraitnefs
wherewith thine enemies fhall diftrefs
thee in all thy gates.
56 q The tender and delicate woman
among you, who would not adventure
to fet the fole of her foot upon the ground
for delicatenefs and tendernefs, her eye
fhall be evil toward the hufband of her
bofom, and toward her fon, and toward
her daughter,
57 And toward her * young one that
cometh out from between her feet, and
toward her children which fhe fhall bear :
for fhe fhall eat them for want of all
things fecretly in the fiege and ftraitnefs
wherewith thine enemy fhall diftrefs thee
in thy gates.
58 If r thou wilt not obferve to do
all the words of this law that are written
in this book, that thou mayeft fear' this
glorious and fearful name, THE LORD
THY GOD; '
59 Then the Lord s will make thy
plagues wonderful, and the plagues of

fz" thy feed, even great plagues, and of long

16. hoi. 3.4. continuance, and fore ficknefles, and of

1 Ixd. 8. 9. & 15.
26. ch. 7. 15. ver.
22, 27, 28, 35. Jer.
IS- 1 — 9. Luke 21.
22—26.

long continuance.

60 Moreover, he will bring upon thee
all the difeafes of Egypt, which thou

Reflections upon Chap. XXVfll. — Behold, with affecting
wonder, what numerous bleffings a God in Chrift, reconciling the
world to himfelf, can heap on finful men ! — What bleffings on
foul and body ! — What bleffings, in time and in eternity, his love
can beftow! Let us therefore be ftedfaft, immoveable, always
abounding in the work of the Lord. In' keeping his command
ments there is a great and gracious reward. But who can ftand

waft afraid of; and they fhall cleave
unto thee.
61 Alfo every ficknefs, and every
plague, which is not written in the book
of this law, them will the Lord + bring
upon thee, until thou be deftroyed.
62 And ye fliall be left u few in num
ber, whereas ye were as thcftars of heaven
for multitude ; becaufe thou wouldeft not
obey the voice of the Lord thy God.
63 And it fhall come to pafs,1 that as
the Lord x rejoiced over you to do you
good, and to multiply you ; fo the Lord
will y rejoice over you to deftroy you,
and to bring you to nought ; and ye fhall
be plucked from off the land whither thou
goeft to poflefs it.
64 And the Lord fhall z fcatter thee
among all people, from the one end of
the earth even unto the other ; and there
thou fhalt ferve other gods, which neither
thou nor thy fathers have known, even
wood and ftone.
65 And a among thefe nations fhalt
thou find no eafe, neither fhall the fole
of thy foot have reft : but the Lord fhall
give thee there a trembling heart, and
failing of eyes, and forrow of mind :
66 And thy life fhall hang in doubt
before thee ; and thou flialt fear day and
night, and fhalt have none affurance of
thy life :
67 In the morning thou fhalt fay,
b Would God it were even ! and at even
thou fhalt fay, Would God it were morn
ing \ for the fear of thine heart wherewith
thou fhalt fear, and for the fight of thine
eyes which thou fhalt fee.
68 And the Lord fhall c bring thee
into Egypt again with fhips,* by the way
whereof I fpake unto thee, Thou fhalt fee
it no more again : and there ye fhall be
fold unto your enemies for bond-men and
bond- women, and no man fliall buy you.

Before ChrlS
J452.

f Heb. caufe to afcrrd.

uLfv. 26.22. 2 Kin.
10. 32. & 13. 7.
ch. 4.27. cc so. 22.
If. 1. 9. 2 Kin. 24.
s4.lcr.cz 28— p.
with Exod. 12. 37.
2 Chr. 17,14—18.

x Ch. 30. 9. Jer. 32.
41.

y If. I. 24. Prov. u
26.

z Neh. 1. 8. Jer. iS.
13. Luke 21.22—.

24. Lev. 26. 33.
ver. 25, 36. eh. 4.
27. 28. 8c 32. 26.

a Am.09 9. 4. Lev. 26.
36. If I. 5. 1 Sam.
2. 33. Luke 21. 26.
Rom. ii. 10.
1 Thef. ». 16.

b Job 7. 3,4. ver, f$.
Luke 21.26. &19.
43. 44. iThef. 2.
16- with Rev. 9. 6.

c Jer. 44. 7. Hor. 8.
13. 8c 9.3. ch. 17.
16.

before this holy, this jealous, this great and dreadful Lord God,
if once he be angry ! Deep and large is the cup of indignation that
is in his. right hand; the dregs of which the wicked muft wring
out and drink. Let the finners in Zion be afraid. Let fearful-
nefs furprife the hypocrites. Who among us fhall dwell with de
vouring fire? who fhall dwell with everlafting burnings? In this
dreadful clufter of threatenings, let us obferve that fin is the only de-
Rr z

Hfbey renew their covenant with God. D E UTE RONOMY.

A folemn charge tp fulfil it.

Befora Chrift
1452.

3Ch.T.y.&<.2,?. Exod. 19.4—6. Sc
xx— xxiv. Lev.
26.46.

6~Exod. JQ. 4. & vii
— xiv. ch. 4. 20.
Sc 10.3,4. & 26. 7,
S. Jofh. 24. 5, 7.
2 Sam. 7. 23.. Neh.
9. 10,11. If*. 63. 9
—13. Jer. 32. 21,
22. fee ch. 26. 8.
cCh.4.34.Nch.9.q —23. Pf. Ixxviii.
cv. cvi. exxxvi.

d If. 6.9,10. Mat.Tj.
II— 14. 2 Cor. 4.
3, 4. & 3. 15. If.
63. 17. John 8. 43.
Eph. 4. 18. 2Thef:
z. 11, 12.
eCh. 8. 4. & 1. 3.
Nch.9. 21. Mat. 6.
3», 32. Num. 14.
3?>34-&J3-»-f
30. I. JOjfll. «[. 6r&
14. 10,

fCh"8. 3. Exod. xvi.
xvii. Num. xx.
Neh. 9. 15,20. Pf.
78. 15—25. & 105.
40, 41.

RNum.lT.24. 33. &
xxxii. ch. 2. 24—
$7. Se 3. 1—17.

CHAP. XXIX.
For the further enforcement of the laws ivhich he had
taught them, Mofes here brings the Ifraelites under
a new and folemn covenant engagement to keep them.
Here is {1) An introductory rehearfal of God's re
markable favours to them, as an incitenient to keep
the covenant; 2 — 9. (2) A folemn charge to ful
fil this covenant now made with all of them, and their
poflerity, for their advantage; 9 — 15. (3) An
intimation that the great end of the covenant was
to preferve them from that idolatry which they had
feen praclifed among the heathen ; 16 — 18. (4) A
mofl dreltdful denunciation of God's vengeance againfl
thofe who fhould prefumptuoufly promife themfelves
peace in idolatry or other finful courfes; 18 — 28.
[This is a kind of abridgment of the laft part of
the preceding chapter.] (5) A declaration of the
general end of God's revelations to men ; 29.
THESE a are the words of the cove
nant which the Lord commanded
Mofes to make with the children of Ifrael
in the land of Moab, befide the covenant
which he made with them in Horeb.
2 **"[ And Mofes called unto all Ifrael,
and faid unto them, fc Ye have feen all
that the Lord did before your eyes in the
land of Egypt unto Pharaoh, and unto all
his fervants, and unto all his land ;
3 The c great temptations which thine
eyes have feen, the figns, and thofe great
miracles :
4 Yet fhe Lord hath not d given you
an heart to perceive, and eyes to fee, and
ears to hear, unto this day.
5 And I have led e you forty years in
the wildernefs : your clothes are not waxen
old upon you, and thy fhoe is not waxen
old upon thy foot.
6 Ye have not f eaten bread, neither
have ye drunk wine or ftrong drink : that
ye might know that I am the Lord your
God. 7 And when ye came unto this place,
E Sihon the king of Hefhbon, and Og the
king of Bafhan, came out againft us unto
battle, and we fmote them :
8 And we took their land, and gave it

fsrving caufe of trouble ; and that God in innumerable forms can
execute his vengeance on the bodies, the minds, the families, the
nations, the property, of his oppofers. Let the tremendous con
dition of the Jewifh nation, when oppreffed by Mefopotamians,
Moabites, Canaanites, Midianites, Ammonites, Philiftine«, Syrians,
Perfians, Greeks, and others ; and when harafied, murdered, and
carried into captivity, by the Aflyrians, Chaldeans, and Romans ;

Before Chrift
I4J».

for an inheritance unto the Reubenites,
and to the Gadites, and to the half tribe
of Manafleh.
~ h Keep therefore the words of this *¥i?n.\££r&

that ye may

27. 1. Jofh. 1.7,8.
1 Kin. 2. 3.

i Ch. 4. 10. Acts 10,
33-

Jofh. 9. 21, 27. G2I.
3.28. Col. j.u.

• Heb. pctf
m Exod. 19. e, 6.
xxiv. ch. 5. 2,
Neh. 10. 29. J>

xxiv. ch. 5. 2, t.
" 20. Jofh.
24. 25. 2 Kin. 11.

17. 2 Chr. ry. 12
— 15. & 29. 10. &
34. 31, 32.Jer.
50. 5. " 9-
Gen, 17. 7. 8c. 26.
3, 4. & 28.13 — 15.
Exod. 3. 6—8. *
6. 7. & 19- s, 6-
2 Sam. 7. 24.
2 Kin. 13. 23. dl.
8.18. &28.C,,

covenant, and do them,
profper in all that ye do.
io ^[ "¦ Ye ftand this day all of you be
fore the Lord your God; your captains
of your tribes, your elders, and your
officers, with all the men of Ifrael,
1 1 Your little ones, your wives, and
thy k ftranger that is in thy camp, from "i™:":!8^
1 the hewer of thy wood unto the drawer ,
of thy water :
1 2 That thou fhouldeft r m enter into
covenant with the Lord thy God, and
into his oath, which the Lord thy God
maketh with thee this day :
13 That he may n eftablifh thee to-day nCh.7.6.&28.
for a people unto himfelf, and that he
may be unto thee a God, as he hath faid
unto thee, and as he hath fworn unto
thy fathers, to Abraham, to Ifaac, and
to Jacob.
1 4 Neither with you only do I make
this covenant and this oath ;
15 But with him that ftandeth here
with us this day before the Lord our
God, and alfo with him that is
with us this day :
1 6 (For ye know p how we have dwelt T ^^"h.1*,,"''
in the land of Egypt, and how we came
through the nations which ye pafled by ;
1 7 And ye have feen their abomina
tions, and their t idols, wood and ftone, i *&>¦*•«[> ?*•
filver and gold, which were
them :)
18 q Left there fhould be among you qo.. n. ,.&.,..
r -i ° -i -n-Scs,. ~
man, or woman, or family, or tribe,
whofe heart turneth away this day from
the Lord our God, to go and ferve the
gods of thefe nations; left there fhould
be among you a root that beareth + H crall
and wormwood ;

0 n rst Vt tc*rt=> ° tJuborn pofteri-
IJUL 11CI C ty, ch. ,f j. A£ts
1 Cor. 7. 14.

z.39.Jer. 50. 5.

among

I:

Prov. 4. 23. Hcl
3. 12. Sc 12. 15,
Jer. 9. 15. Amos
6. 12. Acts 8. 23.

t Or a foifonous htrh.
1 Heb. nfh.

and all the miferies which they have fuffered in their prefent dif-
perfion, of more than feventeen hundred years continuance ; efta
blifh my faith in God's word : and let it warn the Britifh nation,
and thofe connected with her, to take heed to themfelves, left their
contempt of Chrift, their breach of covenant with God^and other
abounding wickednefs, entail upon them ftmilar judgments.

% 'he end of the covenant to prevent CHAP. XXIX. Xaa.

their apofafy and fearful ruin.

Before Chrift
'45a-
rVer. 12,18.
jpf.49- J8- & !*¦*•
&S2.7. Num. is.
30.
tjer.3.17. &7. 24,
& 18. 12. & 23.
J7-j
$ Or Jluhbortme's,
Num. IS. 30'

pafs, when he
this curfe, that

19 And it come to
r heareth the words of
he * blefs himfelf in his heart, faying, I
fhall have peace, though I walk : in the
§ imagination of mine heart, to u add
* drunkennefs to thirft :
20 The Lord will xnot fpare him;
u Job 34.7- Pjov* 2f • 1 1 *
3j2.Eph%'.J9.5 but then the anger of the Lord and his
»Heb.»6«in».fen jealoufy fhall fmoke againft that man,
UtbtthrJIy. J J O .
xPf.59.5.E2ek.i4. and all the ? curfes that are written in
p'rov.tsl'K-^' this book fhall lie upon him, and the
ych.^4.i6-26.& Lord z fhall blot out his name from under
23. IS— 68. & 4. 1
s7, 28. ic 31. 17, heaven.
^S's.,^* 2I And the Lord fhall a feparate him
30. 17, io. J.
tzch.cn.8czc.ig. unto evil out of all the tribes of Ifrael,
»ch.?o.s8pf.69. according to all the curfes ofthe covenant
* *l«J£ S that t are written in this book of the law :
t-He'J'/itrLr 22 So that the generation to come of
your children that fhall rife up after you,
and the ftranger that fhall come from a far
land, fhall fay, when they fee the plagues
* w tefSft of that land, and the fickneffes * which
the Lord hath laid upon it;
23 And that the whole land thereof is
b brimftone, and fait, and burning, that it
is not fown, nor beareth, nor any grafs
groweth therein, like the overthrow of
Sodom and Gomorrah^ Admah and Ze
boim, which the Lord overthrew in his
anger and in his wrath :
24 Even all nations fhall fay, c Where
fore hath the Lord done thus unto this
land ? what meaneth the heat of this great
anger ?
15 Then men fliall fay, A Becaufe they
have forfaken the covenant of the Lord

Before Chrift
I452.

fd.

b'Gen. 19. 24, 25.
Jer. 17. 6. Job 18,
15. Ezek. 47. 11.
Judg. 9. 45. Pf.
107. 34. Amos 4.
II. 2eph. 2. 9.
Jer. co. 40. « 4
18. Prov. 5- 14.

Jer. 18.)
jude 7.

49.

c 1 Kin. 9. 8. 2 Chr,
,.13.. Jer. 22. 8, 9.

i Jer. 50.7. Sc 22. 9.
Lev. xxvi. ch.
xxviii. if. 24. j,J
S,6.

God of their fathers, which he made with
them when he brought them forth out of
the land of Egypt :
26 e For thev went and ferved other e ziii£'i?.\-t*.
J 1 Jer. 19. 3—13. S
gods, and worfhipped them, gods whom «•
they knew not, and H whom he had not
§ given unto them : i Heb, diMt
27 And the anger of the Lord was
kindled againft this land, to bring upon
it all the f curfes that are written in this '£#,£3?*
, , 28. 15— 68. Dan.
DOOK : 9"- ver. 20, 21.
28 And the Lord * rooted them out of s%$il*%:$
their land in anger, and in wrath, and in h. Luke "' 13'
great indignation, and caft them into
another land, as it is this day.
29 The h fecret things belong unto the b$f-M"«
Lord our God : but thofe things which
are revealed belong unto us and to our
children for ever, that we may do all the
words of this law.
CHAP. XXX.
The judgments mentioned in the two preceding chapters
would render the cafe of the fewifh nation fearfully
miferable, but not defperate. Here mercy rejoices
againfl judgment. ( I ) Mofes announces gracious
promifes for encouraging and enabling them to re
pent ; particularly in the latter days, after their pre
fent difperfion ; I — 10. (2) Intimates that the
righteoufnefs of faith was fet before them in the plain-
nefs and eaftnefs ofthe injunctions given them ; 1 1 — ¦
14. (3) He in a folemn manner refers it to their
choice, whether they would have death or life, bleffing
or curfing, for their portion; 15 — 20.

Or who had not
•liven to them any
portion.

Rom. 11. 33.
with John 5. 39. 8s
20. 31. Ada 17.11.
If. 8. 20. Pf. 147.
19. 20.

AND it fhall come to pafs, when all
thefe things are come upon thee,
the a blefling: and the curfe which I have
O
fet before thee, b and thou fhalt call them

a Ch. xxviii. &27.
15—26. & 29.1H—
28. & 11.26. ver.
15, 19.
b 1 Kin. 8. 4-*. Luke
15. 17- If. 46. 8.
Lev. 26. 40.

ReflectioMs upon Chap. XXIX. — Unbelief and unconcern
are fo deep rooted'within us, that, till God himfelf enlighten and
renew our heart, we can never know, love, or ferve him. Many
ofthe moft affedting providences pafs unheeded by ignorant and
unbelieving men : and yet a right obfervation of providence would
powerfully induce us to a folemn furrendering of ourfelves to God,
and a careful fulfilment of our vows. Holy obedience is fo con
trary to the heart of man, that, notwithftanding we are already
bound by the infinite authority of God's law, we need to be alfo
bound by folemn vows and covenants, and tliefe again and again
repeated. But every thing in public covenanting with God ought
to be made with great plainnefs and folemnity; that every one con
cerned, whether prefent or abfent, may underftand, and be duly
affected with it: and efpecially muft all our covenanting with
him be founded on his grant of himfelf to us as our God, and his
/claim of us for his people. How ready are men to copy after bad
examples, and to defile themfelves with idols! And who knows

what indwelling lufts may lead us to in our practice ; for followers
of iniquity often become prefumptuous at laft, and blefs them
felves, while the curfe of God hangs over their heads, and his wrath
abideth on them ! and to what terrible and fhameful judgments are
fuch prefumptuous finners expofed ! The greater the mercies we
fin againft, the greater judgments we may expe£t. The obftinate
abufe of God's mercies will at length deprive men of them. And
heathen beholders are fometimes fooner awakened by God's judg
ments than the hardened profeflbrs who endure them. Men's in
quiries into religious concerns- are frequently rather curious than
practical ; and many finfully pry into futurities, and things which
he hath concealed, rather than fearch and praflife what he hath
revealed in his word, and manifefted in his providence. But may
I and my children always fearch and praCtife the fcriptures, as the
only effectual means of averting the plagues appointed for tlve
ungodly.

Encouragements to repentance.

DEUTERONOMY.

Charges to circumfpeEl living^

Before Chrift.
14 c J.

cCh. 4. 29, -0 Lnpi.
\ 4 ho j.5 ix
6. 1, 2.

d Ch. it. 13. ct 10
-12. £-65. 13,3. &
z6. 16. Pi'.-iio. 34.
r>j. ver. 6, 10.
r Lev. 26. 42. Pf.
106. 45. & u6. I.
Lam. 3. 21. Jer.
31. to. Pf. 147. 2.
NVli. !.K,cj. Rom,
li. 26. 1 • 56. 8.

(Pr. 60. S5-.36. Jer
xevi— xxxiii.
£zek- xxxiv.
icxxvi. xxxvii.

g Ch. 10. 16. Jer. 32.
59. Ezek. 11. 19,
20. & 36. 26, VJ.
Rom. II. 26.
Co). 2. tt,i2. Mat.
-zz. 37. ell. 6- $•

to mind among all tne nations whither
the Lord thy God hath driven thee,
2 c And fhalt return unto the Lord thy
God, and flialt obey his voice according
to all that I command thee this day, thou
and thy children, d with all thine heart,
' and with all thy foul ;
3 That e then the Lord thy God will
turn thy captivity, and have compaffion
upon thee, and will return and gather
thee from all the nations whither the
Lord thy God hath fcattered thee.
4 If any of thine be driven out unto
the utmoft parts of heaven, from thence
will the Lord thy God gather thee, and
from thence will he fetch thee :
5 And the Lord thy God f will bring
thee into the land which thy fathers
pofiefTed, and thou fhalt poffefs it; and
he will do thee good, and multiply thee
above thy fathers.
6 And the Lord thy God £ will cir-
cumcife thine heart, and the heart of thy
feed, to love the Lord thy God with all
thine heart, and with all thy foul, that
thou mayeft live.
7 And the LoRd thy God will put all

fc ^l: uftth. ; thefe curfes

thine

and

upon tnine enemies,
JTri"xivi-ii!'xlv' on them that hate thee, which perfecuted
Ezekrxxv— xxxii. ,
xxxviii. xxxix. fnPP. '
Rev. viii. ix. xvi. LiltC. 1 , ,
8 And thou fhalt 1 return and obey tne
and do all his command-

IJizek. xxxiv — . r 1 T
xxxvii. 11. xiviii. voice of the 1^0 rd
xlix. lx. lxv. Hoi. 1 ¦ 1
.& »v. mic. ments which I command thee this day.

3-5-
^iv.jr.

9 And the Lord thy God will make
thee plenteous in every work of thine
hand, in the fruit of thy body, and in the
fruit of thy cattle, and in the fruit of thy
land, for good : for the Lord will again
k rejoice over thee for good, as he rejoiced
over thy fathers ;
1 .s^ <*¦**• '.^'£ 1 o J If thou fhalt hearken unto the voice
?',.*,• *Vs.l£fc of the Lord thy God, to keep his com
mandments and his ftatutes which are
written in this book of the law, and if
thou turn unto the Lord thy God with
all thine heart and with all thy foul.

k Jer. 32.41. If. 65.
sg. Luke 15. 6, 7,
32.

119. 34, 69. ver.
U 19.

Reflections upon Chap. XXX. — In returning to the Lord,
and refting in him, men muft be faved. Our gracious God is
always ready, not only to receive repenting prodigals, but to qua
lify them with faith and repentance. And great is the happinefs and

1 1 *([ For this commandment, which
I command thee this day, m it is not hid
den from thee, neither is it far off.
12 It is not in heaven, that thou
fhouldeft fay, Who fhall go up for us to
heaven, and bring it unto us, that we
may hear it and do it ?
13 Neither is it beyond the fea, that
thou fhouldeft fay, Who fhall go over the
fea for us, and bring it unto us, that we
may hear it and do it ?
14 But the word is very nigh unto
thee, in thy mouth, and in thy heart,
that thou mayeft do it.
1 5 ^|" See, n I have fet before thee this
day life and .good, and death and evil;
1.6 In that I ° command thee this day
to love the Lord thy God, to walk in his
ways, and to keep his commandments,
and his ftatutes, and his judgments, that
thou mayeft live and multiply : and the
Lord. thy God fliall blefs thee in the land
whither thou goeft to poflefs it.
ij But p if thine heart turn away,
fo that thou wilt not hear, but fhalt be
drawn away, and worfhip other gods and
ferve them;
1 8 I denounce unto you this day that
ye fhall furely perifh, and that ye fhall
not prolong your days upon the land whi
ther thou paffeft over Jordan to go to
poffefs it.
1 9 q I call heaven and earth to record
this day againft you, that I have fet
before you life and death, bleffing and
curling : therefore r choofe life, that both
thou and thy feed may live :
20 That thou mayeft s love the Lord
thy God, and that thou mayeft obey his
voice, and that thou mayeft cleave unto
him ; for he is thy ' life, and the length
of thy days ; that thou mayeft u dwell in
the land which the Lord fware unto thy
fathers, to Abraham, to Ifaac, and to
Jacob, to give them.

Before Chrift
1453-
m Rom. 10. 6 — 17.
If. 45-<9- Pf- '47-
jg, 20. Col. 1. 26,
27. Rom. 16. 25,
26. Eph. 3. 9.

nCh. H.26.&2S. 1
—58. Lev. 26. 1—
46. ver. I, 19.

oCh. iv— xxvi. &4.
1, 2. 8c 6. I — 3,17,
18. & S. I. 8c it.
8,9,13,14,22,23.
8c 26. 19, 20. Se
28. I— 14.

p Ch. 29. iS— 28. Sc
4.26. &u. 16. 8c
8. 19, 20. & 31. 16
— 18. 1 Sam. 12.
25. Lev. 26. 14—
39. ch. 28. IS— 68.
Luke 21. 22 — 26.
& 19. 43, 44.
I Thei. 2. 16.
Rom. 2. 8, 9.

q Ch. 4. 26. & 32. 1.
If. 1. 2. Jer. 22. 29,
30. 1 Tim 5. 21. &
6. 13. Mic. 6. 1,2.
2 Tim. 4. 1.

r Jofh. 24. 15, 22. Pf.
119. 30, 173.

5 Ch. 6. s- ^c 11. i.
&c 10. 12. Mat. 22.
37. .-Ut:. 11.23.

t Afl3 17. 25. John
it. 25. & 17. 3.
Gal. 2. 20. Col. 1,
3, 4-
U Ch. 12. IO. SC 4.
40. & 5. l6. 33. &
6. 2. & 11. 9. &
17.20. & 22. 7, &
26. B, 9, 15.

honour that is to be found in fellowship with a reconciled God. The
future return ofthe Jewifh nation to the Lord fhall be a delightful
and glorious feafon to them ;_and even to us Gentiles it will be as life
from the dead; we fhall fhare and rejoice in their mercies. God's

Mofes encourages to the conqueft.

Before Chrift
1452.

CHAP. XXXT.
Having finifhed his long and affeiling fermon, Mofes
here (1) Encourages the Ifraelites, and Jofhua, their
future general, to proceed to the conquef of Canaan,
weftuard of Jordan; 1 — 8. (2) Having written
a copy of his whole laws and revelations, he delivers
it to the priefts to keep ; 9, 24 — 27 ; and orders them
to read it publicly to the people at the feaf of taber
nacles on the year of releafe; 10—13. (3) God
informs Mofes and jofhua of the future apoflafy of
the Ifraelites, andthe judgments they fliould procure to
themfelves thereby ; and orders a warning fong to be
left with them, and committed to their memories, as a
witnefs againf their wickednefs ; 1 4 — 2 1 . (4) Mofes
writes the fong, and leaves it with them, intimating
the defign thereof; 22, 28 — 30.
AN D Mofes went and fpake thefe
words unto all Ifrael.
2 And he faid unto them, s I am an
'^Irt's'o.NunZ' hundred and twenty years old this day;
I can no more go out and come in : alfo
"fzfil the Lord hath faid unto me,'1 Thou fhalt
%££'iT not go over this Jordan.
3 The Lord thy God he c will go over
before thee, and he will deftroy thefe
nations from before thee, and thou fhalt
poflefs them: and Jofhua he fhall go over
before thee, as the Lord hath faid.
4 And the Lord d fhall do unto them
Sihon and to Og, kines of

C'H'A P. XXXI. of Canaan, and reading God\s law.
he it is that doth go

27. 17. ver. 14.

b Num. zo.
13. ch.3

cCh.9, 5. & 3. iS,
Exott. 23. 20.
Num. 27. 21.

dExod. %. %. Sc 2j.
28—31. ch. 7. 2,
16,23,24. &

16,23,24. «9- j. 1 •¦. 1
& 1 1. 23, 24. 6en. as he did to .
15. 18—21. Exod. £>
2,'.24,'3l:Num' the Amorites, and unto the land of them

whom he deftroyed.
5 And the Lord fhall give them up
S.'^f'i^Exof before your face, that ye e may do unto
jp."&3* \tffs. them according unto all the command-
" ments which I have commanded you.
6 f Be ftrong and of a good courage :
tear not, nor be afraid of them : for the
Lord thy God, s he // is that doth go
with thee ; he will not fail thee nor for
fake thee.
¦ 7 *f And Mofes h called unto Jofhua,
h Num. 27. i8.ch.j. '-." .. . J '
fA?4.'&rJ.°,6: and faid unt0 nim in the fight of all Ifrael,
Be ftrong and of a good courage : for thou
muft go with this people unto the land
which the Lord hath fworn unto their
fathers to give them ; and thou fhalt caufe
them to inherit it.

fVer.7, 23. Jofh. 1.
6 — 9. & 10. 2s-
lChr.,22. 13. &
28. zo. z Chr. 32.
7. Pf. 27. 14. Eph.
6. 10. 2. Tim. 2. 1.
gVer.3,8.Exod.i3. 21, 22. 8c 33. 14.
Jofh.i. 5. Hell. 13.
5,6. If. 41. 10, 15,
to. Rom. 8. 31.
Prov. 21. 30.

li.

manifestation of his fpecial love, and his renovation of our heart,
fhall qualify and induce us to all holy obedience. We fhall run
in the way of his commandments when he fhall enlarge our heart.
But now let us confider how great a mercy it is that the laws and
the gofpel of Chrift are fet before us in fo plain, affe&ing, and ap-

n Ch. is.
¦34-

8 And the Lord, ne it is mm. uuui gu
before thee; he will be with thee, he will
not fail thee, neither forfake thee : i fear i]p^tp.
not, neither be difm ay ed. , Rom. 8.3i.
9 % And Mofes wrote k this law, and * %%t4\.f,t
delivered it ' unto the priefts the fons of ich.i7.is. Mai, 2.
Levi, who mbare the ark ofthe covenant Jm. ,. ,<_,-.&
of the Lord, and unto all the elders of Nun,: ]o."ixf !'
Ifrael.
' 10 And Mofes commanded them, fay
ing, n At the end of every feven years, in
the folemnity of the year of releafe, in
the feaft of tabernacles,
1 1 When all Ifrael is come to appear
before the Lord thy God in the place o
which he fhall choofe, ° thou flialt read
this law before all Ifrael in their hearing.
12 Gather the people together, pmen,
and women, and children, and thy ftranger
that is within thy gates, that they may
hear, and that they may learn, and fear
the Lord your God, and obferve to do
all the words of this law :
13 And thai their children, who have
not known any thing, may hear, and learn
to fear the Lord your God, as long as
ye live in the land whither ye go over
Jordan to poflefs it.
14 f And the Lord faid unto Mofes,.
Behold, thy days approach that thou muft
die: call Jofhua, and, prefent yourfelves
in the tabernacle of the congregation, that ^ ^
q I may give him a charge. And Mofes i.i^ver.o-*.
and Jofhua went, and prefented them
felves in the tabernacle of the
gation.

Neh. 8. I, 8. with
Acts 15- 21.

p 1 Sam. r. 21— J*.
Lukc 2. 41, 42.
Zech. 14. 16— ro.
Pf. 78. 5— 8. ch.
6. 6,7. Prov. 22. 6.
2Tim. 3. is— 17.
Pf.Jl9- 7 — 11.
Exod. 12. 49. If.
1%. 19. Num. is-
29.

congre-

15 And the r Lord appeared in the
tabernacle in a pillar of a cloud : and the
pillar of the cloud ftood over the door of
the tabernacle.
16 % And the Lord faid' unto Mofes,
Behold, thou flialt s fleep with thy fa

thers ;

-ife

g°

ftrangers

and this people will
after the
of the land whither

whoring

gods

up,

and

of the
they

go

rExod. Zl-9- & ""G*
io.Sc 34. ¦,-.& 4'-!
34, (S. Niim. 11-
15. & 12. 5. Pi-
99.7.

S Heb. '.it dftum, If.
57. z. Gen. 25. 8
% Sam. 7.- 12. Acii.
7.69.
t Exod. ;4. 15, Ti*x
I.tV.20^3,6. JuJ^.-
%: it— 19. Num.
i:r. 49; 2. Chr. 41.
15. Ezfik. 6. 9. Sc
x\ i. xjtiii.

plicable a manner. And, fince eternal life is fo exhibited, fo of
fered to, fo urged upon us, God forbid that we fhould entail re
doubled damnation on ourfelves by a contemptuous rejection of it.
Not Mofes, but Jefus, fets before us life and good, — Let us fee
that we refufe not him that fpeaketh from heaven.

Both God and Mofes warn Ifrael DEUTERONOMY. of their future apoftafy and ruin.

Before Chrift
1452.

u Lev. 26. 14—39.
cl'. 28. ls—68. &
19. 18— z8. Be 32.
tr, 22. Judg. 2.
14, 13.
SCh. 32.20. Pf. 104.
29. Ho-. 9. 12. 8c
5 IS- «'¦ 57- 17- &
59. I, 2. ver. 18,
29.
t V.A. fi-.d them.
y Judg. 6. 13. ch. 29,
24, 27. Hof. 9. 12.

z Ver. 17.

a Ch. xxxii. ver. 22.

b Exod. 4. is- 2 Sam.
14. 3. Ezek. 2. 7.
Sc 3. 17. Acts 20.
27. Col. 1. 28, Zj.
Heb. 5. II. 1 Cor.
4-1,2.

c Ch. 32. 15—21.
Neh. 9. 25, 26. ch.
6. 10, 11. Sc 8. 10,
ji. &4.2S— 27. &
H. 19, 20. Hof. i;.
6. Judg. z. 11 — 19.
Ezek. xvi. xx.
xxiii.

d Lev. 26. 3 — 13. ch.
28. 15—68. & 29.
iR— 28. If.i.v.ix.
xxiv. lix. Jer. i—
xliv. fee ver. 20.
Judg. iii.iv.vi. ix.
x. 1 Sam. iv. xi.
xxxi. 1 Kin. xii —
xxii. 2 Kin. viii—
xviii. xxi. xxiv.
xxv.
% Heb. before.
c Gen. 6. 5. Jer. 10.
23. John 2. 25. Pf.
139.2. If. 46. 10.
II Heb. do.
i Ver. 19. ch. xxxii.

j Jofh. 1. 5—7, 9.
ver. 7, 8.
b Num. 13. 16. & 27.
15 — 23. ch. 3. 28.
Acts 7. 45. Jofh. 1.
j — 9. Eph. 1. 3—
14-

to be among them, and will forfake me,
and break my covenant which I have
made with them.
1 7 Then u my anger fhall be kindled
againft them in that day, and I will for
fake them, and I will x hide my face from
them, and they fhall be devoured, and
many evils and troubles fhall + befall them ;
fo that they will fay in that day, ? Are not
thefe evils come upon us becaufe our God
is not among us?
1 8 And z I will furely hide my face in
that day for all the evils which they fhall
have wrought, in that they are turned
unto other gods.
1 9 Now therefore write ye " this fong
for you, and teach it the children of
Ifrael : b put it in their mouths, that this
fong may be a witnefs for me againft the
children of Ifrael.
20 For when I fhall have brought them
into the land which I fware unto their
fathers, that floweth with milk and honey;
and they fhall c have eaten and filled them
felves, and waxen fat ; then will they
turn unto other gods, and ferve them,
and provoke me, and break my covenant.
21 And it fhall come to pafs, when
d many evils and troubles are befallen
them, that this fong fhall teftify * againft
them as a witnefs ; for it fhall not be
forgotten out of the mouths of their feed :
for e I know their imagination which they
II go about, even now before I have brought
them into the land which I fware.
22 Mofes therefore f wrote this fong
the fame day, and taught it the children
of Ifrael.
23 <![ And he gave Jofhua the fon of
Nun a charge, and faid, g Be ftrong and

of a good courage

for h thou fhalt bring

Reflections upon Chap. XXXI. — It highly becomes mi
nifters, or others, to exert themfelves to their utmoft, that their
church and nation may be happy after their death : and, when they
become more active in the Lord's work as their end approaches,
and wifh others the happy enjoyment of that comfort and honour
which God hath denied to themfelves, it is both honourable to
the caufe of God, and ftrengthening to his people. Great pains
ought to be taken to make thofe/ of the prefent or rifing genera
tions to underftand, believe, and obey, God's word: and certain is
our fuccefs when God is our afTxftant, and we do nothing but what
he has commanded. And, the more experience we have of gofpel

Before Chrifl
1452.

the children of Ifrael into the land which
I fware unto them ; and I will be with
thee. 24 ^f And it came to pafs, when Mofes
had made an end of writing the words
of this law in a book, until they were
finifhed, 25 That Mofes commanded the Levites,
' who bare the ark ofthe covenant of the "fl^ffi
Lord, faying, \<k?.\?.t """
26 Take this book ofthe law, and put
it k in the fide of the ark of the covenant k iKin- «¦ »¦
of the Lord your God, that it may be
there for a witnefs againft thee.
27 For I know thy rebellion, and thy
1 fliff neck : behold, while I am myet alive ltftitf££
with you this day, ye have been rebellious m9Ch14'&s/UI,2°'2>
againft the Lord ; and how much more ,0_lS-
after my death ?
28 Gather unto me n all the elders '%££££
of your tribes, and your officers, that I
may fpeak thefe words in their ears, and
0 call heaven and earth to record
them. 29 For I know that p after my death
ye will utterly corrupt yourfelves, and
turn alide from the way which I have
commanded you ; and i evil will befall
you in the latter days ; becaufe ye will
do evil in the fight of the Lord, to pro
voke him to anger through the work of
your hands.
30 And Mofes fpake in the ears of all
the congregation of Ifrael the words of
this fong, until they were ended.
CHAP. XXXII.
Contains ( 1 ) Mofes' inflruilive fong, in which, after
a fhort preface, folemnly marking its importance, 1, 2.
We have 1 The honourable charader of God, con-
trafled with the infamous one ofthe Ifraelites; 3—6 :
1 The pafl and future kindnefs of God contrafed
with their contemptuous, rebellious, and idolatrous

againft

0 Ch. 4. 16. Sc 8. 19.
Sc 30. 19. 8c 32. 1.
lf.i.2. Jer. 22. 29.
Mic. 6. 1, 2.

17. Jofh. 24.
31. Judg. 2. IC—

p Ver. V- . -
It. Acts 20. 30.

H Ver. 17. Lev. 26.
14—39. ch- 28. ij
—68. & 29. 18—
28. Sc xz. 15— .34*
Judg. 11 — iv. vi. .
ix. x. 1 Sam. iv.xi •
xxxi. 1 Kin. xi —
xxii. 2 Kin. viii— •
xviii. xxi. xxiv.
xxv. Mal. 3.7— 9.
Prov. I. 25—33.
Luke 19. 43, 44,
Sc 21. 12—26.

liberty, the more fhall we delight to hear and obey him. God
gracioufly warns men of their fin and danger before it come upon
them : yet fo defperate is the wickednefs of men, that they ruin
themfelves by their apoftafy from God, after their own vows, and
the moft folemn and often-repeated warnings of God and his faith
ful minifters. Thefe exactly correfpond together in difcovering
the fure confequences of fin, and leave the blame of their ruin
entirely upon themfelves,, It is neceflary therefore that God's
truths be laid up in men's heart and confeience, that they may hear,
and fear, and do no more wickedly.

God's greatnefs and kindnefs,

CHAP. XXXII.

Ifrael's ingratitude and rebellion.

Before Chrift
1451,

carriage towards him; 7 — 21; 3 Predictions of
fearfptl judgments to rbe inflicled upon them for their
fins, and- of God's gracious limitation thereof; 19 — ¦
33 : * Promifes of their dtliverance, and of their ene
mies' definition at lafl-; 34 — 43. [This fong corre -
fponds much with chap, xxviii. xxx. or Lev. xxvi. ;
and is a compendious view of the profperity, fins,
judgments, and deliverances, ofthe Jewiih nation,
from the time of Mofes till the end of the world.]
(2) The folemn exhortation with which Mofes deli
vered this fong into the hand of the elders of Ifrael;
44 — 47. ( 3} That very day God reminds Mofes of
his Jin at Meribah, and orders him to afcend mount
Nebo, and die there ; 48—52.

f~^* IVE a ear, O ye heavens, and I

» Ch. 4. 26. Sc 30.
iq'. & 31. 28- Pf-
\\^.u£i\i ^-^ wm lpeak; and hear, O earth, the
words of my mouth.
b2iIe2kMic'.f6.1 2 My docTrine fhall b drop as the rain ;
Ifo^s.11, " °r' my fpeech fhall diftil as fhe dew, as the
fmall rain xipon the tender herb, and as
the fhowers upon the grafs :
"VffXtsWot 3 c Becaufe I will publifh the name of
&4o.9,Iio.'''"' the Lord: d afcribe ye greatnefs unto
d|^pn&8? our God.
!L' &Ci6.'2?-S0: 4 He is e the Rock, his work is perfe£l :
_Pf. 147.5. Dan. 4. /--,,,. - . , r_,
-pI'iVs-i"'7' ior a" his ways prejudgment: a God of
e ver. .», 30, 37. truth and without iniquity, juft and right
1 Sam. 2. 2. 2 Sam. . , *¦ •> ' J O
22. 2, 32, 47. job /j- nc
«. 14. 8c 34. 10.

Pf. 92. 15." if. 26.
4; I Cor. 10. 4.
Rev. 15. 3-

* Heb. He hath cor-

5 * They have corrupted themfelves ;
Vm f their fpot is not the fpot of his children :
rufi,d to bimj-cif. f/jgy are a perverfe and crooked gene-
f Or that they are . • • O
mt kit children, TatlOn.
lhat is, their blot, .^
liVin-lc-ll: 6. g Do ye thus requite the Lord, O
2 foolifh people and unwife ? is not he
t Pf. 116. 12, 13. If. . r -t 7
thy father that hath h bought thee ?
"^an,1!^: hath he not made thee, and eftablifhed
Pf. 95. 6. If. 43. 7. , , '
2PeL2.i.ch. 28.9. tnee r
i]Zt»fffi: 7 f l Remember the days of old ; con-
pf:|.Jy:ch^: fider the years of * many generations :
i^-idt-fi. afk thy father, and he will fhew thee;
* Heb. generation thy elders, and they will tell thee.
.'XT * When the Moft High k divided, to
the nations their inheritance, when he
'lir'VS ^ePai'ated the fons of Adam, he fet " the'
bounds of the people according to the
number of the children of Ifrael.
*niE3Xs°4.,c9h.5766P& 9 For the m Lord's portion is his
z\:%%£l?£ people ; Jacob is the « lot of his. inhe-
1 Heb. md. ritance.
*l!'6.% ",,'.52.Jchr: !° He n found him in a defert land,
£.i.Neh!gf'.3- and in the wafte howling wildernefs : he
ior.tmtajed. § led ., him about, he inftrudted him, he
.pf..7.8.Zech.,,8. kept him as the ° apple of his eye.
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
1451.

11 p As an eagle ftirreth up her neft,
flutf ereth over her young, fpreadeth abroad Pu. 31. s. s-4tw.
. . , . ° r. , , &61.0. Ex-.d. 11.

her wings, taketh them, beareth them

on h

9. Ex-.d. 1 j.
4. ch. I. 31. lljf.
II. 3.

er wings ;

12 So ifhe Lord alone did lead him, "K'i.I1'^."

and there was no ftrange god with him. ^-m sc\%.is.
13 He made him r ride on the high r z^L&'ft.fX
places of the earth, that he might eat the ^oX.'tiif-it
increafe of the fields ; and he made him
to s fuck honey out of the rock, and oil 'V'ekK.T'.'V.
r . n* 1 have great plenty
out of the flinty rock : oni.ney»ndoii.
14 Butter of kine, and milk of fheep,
with fat of lambs, and rams of the breed
of Bafhan, and goats, with the 'fat of "^'jgj"^*,'':
kidneys of wheat; and thou didft drink
the u pure blood of the grape. \?^w&."",u-
15 % But x Jefhurun y waxed fat, z and »«;*»*
kicked: thou art waxen fat, thou art ych.3i.2o.Neh.9.
grown thick, thou art a covered with Hkl'/fd'tli.
fatnefs; then he forfook God who made ^a^fs™'2'

ev. 9.2c. Jer. 10.
S.Jiidg.2.12,19,
2 Kin. 17. 7—17.
Or which were inc.
God.

him, and lightly efteemed the Rock of *'*$"?; £'•,;";•
his falvation. . "&."£"•«-*"
16 They b provoked him to jealoufy ">pr. 78.58. iki..
with ftrange gods, with abominations %:Ik-\%%
provoked they him to anger. £' 2' "" lh 27'
ly They facrificed unto c devils, * not f^f^lf^
to God ; to gods whom they knew not, ^Jj^dittt
to new gods that came newly up, whom »
your fathers feared not.
18 Of d the Rock that begat thee thou d "£#-. '£/£•£
art unmindful, and haft forgotten God fi.Hal'f&l:
that formed thee. gl^.'ci'e.'iV.'cSO. II, I4, IQ.
1 9 5[ And e when the Lord faw it he e Hab. 1. 13. pr. s.
"f" abhorred them, becaufe of the provok- zecL n.l.'kcV.
ing of his fons and of his daughters. t0,^y.
20 And he faid, f I will hide my face fch.3,. ,7 k.^
7 J \ 17. Jer. 18. 17.
from them, I will fee what their end .ri°r-9->*-
fhall be: for they are a E very froward g 9.' £1^-4. £*
J . 1 -i , • 1 • 59- >— IS- Huf. 4.
generation, children in whom is no '>1-
faith. 21 They have h moved me to jealoufy ^S,'!;' ?,":«.
with that which is not God ; they have Ife"' "'^.If"
provoked me to anger with their vanities :
and * I will move them to jealoufy with iRj°,X'sI94ls:
thofe which are not a people ; I will pro-
J , , VI T TA- k Pf. 21. 9. & ,07.
voke them to anger with a foolilh na-
tion. 22 For a k fire is kindled in mine anger, «--«¦ w
;+_ O ' iThe:..2. 16.
and * fliall burn unto the loweft hell, +¦ or *«'& h,™,*
and I' fhall confume* the earth with her nori„iA«r,>m^.

3!, 34- Jer. 15. 14.
Amos 2. e. Lam.
2. 1—3. & 4. 11.
If. 8. 22. Sc x.-i/,
Luke 19. 4;, 44.

,S f

*fhe terrible miferies of Ifrael.

Before Chrift
1452.

DEUTERONOMY.
the foundations

increafe, and fet on fire
of the mountains.
23 I will -heap mifchiefs upon them;
I will fpend mine -arrows upon them.
24 They fhall be m burnt with hunger,
and devoured with 5 burning heat, and
llt'T'zT'T with bitter deftruftion : I wil1 " alfo fend
Miskf.ifsfu. the teeth of beafts upon them, with the
ai.Gen. 49. 17. " '

1 Ch. 28. 15—68.
Lev. 26. 14 — 3g.
Pf. 7.13. Ezek. 5.
16. If. 66. 6. & 26.
IS-
Ui Ch. 28. 53—57.
Hab. 3. 5. Pi. 76.
4. Lani. 4. 9,

O Ezek. 7. 15. Lam,
I. 20. Jer. 9. 21.
ch. 28. so.
* Heb. from thc
chambers.
¦J Heb. bereave.

p Lev. 26. 33—39. Sc
28. 25, 36, 64. &
4. 27. Sc 8. 19, 20.
Sczg. 20— 28. Jer.
35. 4. Luke 21. 24.
Sc 19. 44.
q Ezek. 20. 13, 14.
If. 37. 28, 29. &
47. 7. Lam. 1. 9.
"lech. I

7.ec

¦ «4> IS-

poifon of ferpents ofthe duft.
25 The ° fword without, and 'terror
* within, fliall f deftroy both the young
man and the virgin, the fuckling alfo,
with the man of gray hairs.
26 I faid, p I would fcatter them into
corners, I would make the remembrance
of them to ceafe from among men ;
27 Were it -not q that I feared the wrath
job 40. .,; 12-. of the enemy, left their adverfaries fhould
ch^^jo'fhTj.V. behave themfelves ftrangely, and left they
" Our hand is high, andthe
Lord hath not done all this.
2*8 For they are* a nation void of coun
fel, neither is there any underftanding in
them. 29 5 Q that they were wife, that they
underftood this, that they would con
fider their latter end !
30 How fhould ' one chafe a thoufand,
and- two put ten thoufand to flight, ex
cept their rock u had fold them, and the
Lord had fhut them up ?
31 For x their rock is not as our Rock,
even our enemies themfelves being judges.
32 For their vine "* is of the vine of
Sodom, and of the fields
their grapes are grapes
clufters are hitter :
22 Their wine is the poifon of dragons,
' and the cruel venom of afps.
34 Is z not this laid up in ftore with
me, and Healed up among my treafures ?

% Or Our high hand, {Vifyiilfl C,v
and not the LORD, 111UU1U lay,
hath done all this. ~

I Pf. Si. S— 13. If.
27. II. & 1.4. Jer.
4. zi. & 10. 8, 14,
si. Hof. 4.6. Pf.
94.8.
s Pf. 107. 43. Hof.
14. 9. Lam. 1. 9.
ch. 5,29. & 30.19,
so. .Pf. 81. 13. .
Luke 19. 41, 42.
1 Lev. 26.-7, 8. ch.
28. 25. Jofh. 23.
10, z Chr. 2.1. 24.
If. 30. 17. Jer. 37..
30.
B Pf. 44. 12. & 78.
62, If. 50. 1, Sc 52.
3. Judg. 2. 14. &
3. 81, 12. & 4. 2. SC
6. 1. & 10. 7. Sc
13. 1,
xExod.14 25.NUIJI.
23. 8, 12V 19-
j Sam. 4. 8. Dan
z. 47. Jer. 40. 3.
y Or ia worfe than
she vine of Sodoitt,
&c.I('.i.io.Ezek. 16. 45, 46, 55.
Xam. 4. 6. Ii, 5. 4.
ch. 29. 18. Heb.
32. 15. If.1,22,23.
2-Iof. 4.18. Jiulz. 2.
32. 17, 19. 2 Kin.
17. 7—18. If. 59.
7, 12—15.
z Jer.. 2.22. Hof.' 13
12. Job 14. 17.
Rom. z. 5. Amos
a Ver. 43. Pf. 94. r.
Rom. ra. 19. Heb.
.10.30. Geii.15.16.

of of

Gomorrah :
gall, their

I z Pet

if. 30.
t-S-

pet. 2. 3.
, 13. Mal
Ezek, 12. 27,

c Pf. 135. 14. & 26.
l. #7. 8. & 10.18.

35

To

me

belongeth

vengeance

and
recompenfe ; their foot fhall Aide in due
time ; for the day of their calamity is at
lyfe..'*'. i'er!' hand, and the things that fliall come upon
jerf3iPr2oI.<Amo55 them b make hafte.
dPf.,8.65.&iu. 2^ F°r ° the Lord fhall judge his
™'K;r| people, and repent himfelf for his fe»
ze'cu.H^,59'1'' vants, when he feeth that d their § power
5 hcs. tmi, is gone, and there is none fhut up or left.

Before Chrift
1452^
^ — 11 1 1 m
c Jude 10, 14. Jer,
2. 28.

* Heb. an hidin^fir
you,
fPl. 102.27. Heb. 1.
12. John 8. 24. If.
41.4.&48. 12. &
46. 4. & 45.5,2s,.
g 1 Sam. z.6. Rev. t.
(8. Job 5. 18. Hof.
6.1. If. 43. 13. pr..
68. 20. 2 Kin. 5. 7.

h Gen. 14, 22. Jer. 1.
z. Heb. 6. 13 — 1&,.
Rev. 10. 5, 6. Jer.
10. 10. 1 Tim. 1.
17. Sc 6. 16.
i If. 27. r. & 34. 5. &
63. 2, 3. & 66. id.
Ezek. 21. 14, 20.
k Pf. 21. 8— ra. &
92.7,9. & 94. 23.
& no. 5, 6. & 37.
20. Job 9. 4.
lPf.68. 23. If. 34.6
—8. Zech. 1. 14,
Jf5- J<=r. 30. 14.
Lam. 2. 5. Luke
21.24—26. 8c 19.*
42 — 44 .Mat. 23..
35, 36. or Ezek.
xxxviii. xxxiiu

God appears for their relief
27 And he fhall fay; e Where are their
gods, their rock in whom they trufted,
38 Who did eat the fat of their facri
fices, and drank the wine of their drink-
offerings ? let them rife up and help you,
and be * your protection.
29 See now that I, even I, am f he, and
there is no god with me : <" I kill, and I
make alive ; I wound* andvI heal : nei
ther is there any that can deliver out of
my hand.
40 For h I lift up my hand 'to heaven,
and fay, I liveTor ever.
41 If I 'l whet my glittering fword,
and mine hand take hold on judgment ;
k I will render vengeance to mine enemies,
and will reward them that hate me.
42 I will make mine arrows ' drunk
with blood, and my fword fhall devour
flefh ; and that with the blood of the flain
and of the captives, from the beginning-
of revenges upon the enemy.
. „ + mU • • r\ • • 7 1 • f Or Praife hi, fufte
42 T Kejpice, O ye nations, with his ^m<»,u> mSmi
people: for he will avenge the blood of mRom. 15.9,1=-. &
his fervants, and will render vengeance if.filH'rlEkl
to his adverfaries, and will be merciful
unto his land, and to his people.
44 5T And Mofes came and n fpake all
the words of this fong in the ears of the1
people, he and ° Hofhea the fon of Nun.
45 And Mofes made an end of fpeak
ing all thefe words to all Ifrael :
46 And he faid unto them, p&et your
hearts unto all the words which I teftify
among you this day, which ye fhall
command your children to obferve to do,
all the words of this law.
4.7 For it is 1 not a vain thing* for you ;
becaufe it is your life: and through this
thing ye fhall prolong your days in the
land whither ye go over Jordan to pof
fefs it.
48 % And the Lord fpake unto Mofes
that felf-fame day, faying,
49 r Get thee up into this mountain
Abarim, unto mount Nebo, which is in
the land of Moab, that is over againft
Jericho ; and behold the land of Canaan,
which I give unto the children of Ifrael
for a pofleffioh :'

15. 11-
XXXVU1. XXXIX.

n Ch. 31. 22, 30,

o Or Jofhua, Num.
13. 8,16. fee Exod1.
17. 9. ch. 31,7, 14.

p Ch. 6. 6, 7. & II.
IS. Ezek. 40.4."
ver.29. I Chr. 22.
19. Luke 9. 44,

45; I9- ;
. 58. Luke 10.
28. ch. 30. 19. &
4. 1, 2,40. ft 6. 1,
3. 8c n. n— »».
If. I.IO. iTim.4.
S.&6.8. Mat. 6.
}5-

rNum.27. 12.&3;.
47. ch. 3. 26, 27.
&34-l-"'-33->T.I Cor. 5. J,

Go/,* charge to Mofes,

Before Chrift
s Gen. 25. 8. Num.
20. 25, «8. & j3.
38. Heb. 12. 22—

goeft

x Num.20. 12,13. &
21. 14. Lev. 10. 3.
li. 5. 16.

50 And die in the mount whither thou
up, and be • gathered unto thy
e ; as Aaron thy brother died in
mount Hor, and was gathered unto his
people :
5 1 Becaufe f ye trefpaffed againft me
among the children of Ifrael at the waters
««*/»« a** of * Meribah-kadefh, in the wildernefs of
Zin ; becaufe ye fanftified me not in the
* midft of the children of Ifrael.
* ch. 3. 26, 27. & 52 Yet thou fhalt u fee the land before
thee ; but thou fhalt not go thither Unto
the land which I give the children of

CHAP. XXXIII. Mofes bleffes the Hebrew tribes
AND this is the a bleffing wherewith
Mofes the b man of God bleffed the
children of Ifrael before his death.

}4- J—3-

Ifrael.

CHAP. XXXIII.

Jlfter preaching to the Ifraelites a long farewell-fermon,
¦and giving them a long admonitory pfalm, Mofes
here finally difmiffes them with; a folemn bleffing.
( J ) He declares them bleffed in what God had already
done for them ; particularly in his love to them, his
proteclion of them, and giving them his law; I — 5.
(2) He pronounces a particular bleffing upon each
tribe, the Simeonites excepted; which was at once a
prayer for them, and a prediction of what fhould befall
them; 6 — 25. (3) He declares them bleffed in
what God would be to them, and do for them, While
they continued obedient ; 26 — 29.

Before Chrift
I4S2'-
a Gen: 27. .{.. Sc 49.
1—26.
b Jofh. 14. 6. 1 Sam.
2 And he faid, c The Lord came from %il ,%&?]«;>..
Sinai, and rofe up from Seir unto them ; *'-rim. j!V '
he fhined forth from mount Paran, and ^jS"-
he came d with ten thoufands of faints : ""j™' *3' 3' c "
from his right hand went * e a fiery law "^Heb'^'pi;
for them. .Heb../,,,/;™.
2 Yea, he f loved the people ; all his * ch. s. 22, Exod.
r • • 1 1 1 f 1 r 1 19. 18, 19. & 20.
faints g are in thy hand : and they fat down n- zCoT- *-w-
h at thy feet; every one fhall receive of f i^fllfoi \*l
thy words.
4 Mofes commanded us a law, even
the ' inheritance of the congregation of h«& 22. 3. Exod.
Jacob. ipr.i!9.7»;iii.as
5 And he was k,king in ' Jefhurun when '*£"# „ Emd.
the heads of the people andthe tribes of l8-'9-i6ver"-
T r , , * , £ . I See ch. 32. 15. IT.
Ifrael were gathered together. **¦ 2- vcr- 2fi-
6 rmLet Reuben live, and not die; ^Att
¦j -. ¦, . 1 r Num. 1. 20,21. .Sc
and let not his men be few. *¦ >°.»-&*6- ?
—it. t *-nr. 5- ""-•
7 '% And this is the blefing ofjudah: f^"™]^'
and he faid, n Hear, Lord, the voice of V"3f !W]'1'
7 7 7 Gen. 46. 12. Num.
Judah, and bring him unto his people : ^'if jp-^r
let his hands be fufficient for him ; and x-Pju'dgTichr".
. . . - . . _ - . . xi— xxix. 2 Chr. i
be thou an help to him from his enemies, fffgffi, ffra i-~

5,6.
g Num. 4. 18, 33.

Pf. 50. 5. 1 Pel. 1.
5. Jude I. ver. 27.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXII. — In the moft ferious and
. folemn manner ought minifters to deliver the truths of God to
their people : and terrible will be the judgment of defpifers of them
when both heaven and earth fhall witnefs againft them. How
great, how unalterable, how faithful, holy, and juft, is God ! and
bow perfect, wife, and righteous, are all his works ! But how un
grateful, difobedient, and apoftatizing, are many of his profeffed
children I It is neceflary therefore to ponder both the character of
God and our own to prevent our finning, to draw inftruftions
from ancient records, and that children fliould receive information
fronr their fathers, who are more acquainted with them. But,
while I behold God preparing a country for the Ifraelites as his
peculiar people, marvelloufly conducting them to it. through the
Arabian deferts, fubduing the land before them, and enriching them
with the product of it, let me think of the great wonder of re
demption, of God's preparing it for men, and bringing them now
to the begun and hereafter to the full enjoyment of it. But furely
moft vile is the ingratitude of men who render him hatred for his
bye, curfing for his blefling ! Yet much more aggravated is the
wickednefs of profeffors, and efpecially faints, than that of mere
heathens. The Lord highly abominates all fin. And righteous

Chap. XXXIII. Ver. 6 — 25. In Lev. xxvi. and chap. iv. 25—31. xxviii. xxix.
' ' -S*' X**' *Xr'' l6 — 2I' Z'' an<i xxlc"- tne general fute of the Ifraelites has been
.predicted : here that of the particular tribes is foretold, in a manner anfwerable to the
bleffings of thc patriarch Jacob: Gen. xlix. viz. that, notwithftanding internal weak
nefs, and much haraffment from enemies, the Reubenites fliould be preferved; that
the defcendants of Judah Ihould have their prayers heard, their warfare fuccefs
ful, their labours profperous, and fliould enjoy peace and fafety : that the Levites,
who had ailed fo.difintereftedly in punifhing the principal worlhippers of the golden
calf, fliould be thc honoured minifters of God, and ufeful inftrnclors and judges of
the people: that the Benjamites Ihould enjoy much -divine protcaion, and live near
to the temple of Got/; that the defcendants of Jofeph Ihould enjoy great favour from

are all his judgments of defertion, fword, famine, or peftilence,
nay, of utter and everlafting deftruction. But his mercy waits
long: he is unwilling to inflict judgments on his people, and to
give his enemies any caufe of triumph over them, even when they
have provoked him to the moft fliocking degree. And earneftly he
wills that their . ferious confideration fliould prevent their ruin.
Seafonable, gracious, and wonderful, have, and fliall be, God's
deliverances of his ancient people from the nations which harafled,
murdered, or carried them captive : and terrible his judgments on
their deftroyers, particularly the Affyrians, Chaldeans, Greeks,
Romans, Antichriftian^, and others. But how much more remark
able the new covenant deliverances of the faints, and terrible the
deftruction of their implacable enemies ! How remarkable the joy
of their fouls, whether they be Jews or Gentiles, when they be
hold it ! Happy is it when minifters, young and old, fully harmo
nize in the work of the Lord; and when they are fo intent upon
commending Jefus and his ways, that they muft be as it were
half forced from it, even into the joy of their Lord ! But God finds
it frequently neceiTary to remind his people of their fins, and warn
them of their death, while he allures them of his reconcilement ta
their fouls.

God, noted plentv from their *. elds, and great power and authority among their bre
thren : that the men ot Zebulun in their fed- faring trade, and thofe of Iflachar i'i
their huibandrv, fliould enjoy much comfort to themfelves, and be remarkable pro
moters of a religious attendance on God-s folemn feafts : that the Gadites fhould en
large their territory, punifh their enemies, and faithfully affift rheir brethren in con
quering Canaan -. that the Danites fhould unexpectedly feize on Lailh, near the fprings
of Jordan, and under Samfon moielt the Philiftinei : that the Naphtalites, when Ita-
tioned on the welt of thc fea of Tiberias, fhould lir-ve molt fertile fields, and their
country be peculiarly blefled v.kh the miniftrations of Chriit : and that the Alhcrhe*
fliould mightily incieafe, live in noted fnendlhip with their brethren, ind hive valuai-.:
niinet of iron And braf^ in their territory.

Mofes bleffes the tribes of Ifrael.

DEUTERONOMY.

Before^rii, 8 ' f And of Levi he ' faid, "Let thy
o Exk. 28. 30. Lev. Thummim and thy Urim be with, thy
Num^^li: J' pholy one, whom thou didft prove at
'S^Epi™- Maffah, and with whom thou didft ftrive

Vt at the waters of Meribah ;

viii. ix. Num. xvi
—xviii

, Exod. 32.26-29. 9 Who 1 faid unto his father and to his
s^je'rfisvis.2' mother, I have not feen him; neither did
he acknowledge his brethren, nor knew
his own children: for they have ob-
, or L«,hm,ca,h, ferved thy word, and kept thy covenant.
&c- 1 o + r They fhall teach Tacob thy judg-
rCh.17.9-11.Lev. jf. . •* + , n 11
^iMaii^'joim ments, and Ifrael thy law : + * they fhall

Geii.$.ji.&49. put mceine » before thee, and whole
vi^'xvi"i?xxxvr burnt-facrifice upon thine altar.
Jofh. xxi. iChr.  ^ _ r ...„.„

vi. xvi. xxm—
xxvi. 2 Chr. 17.8,
9-

1 i Blefs, Lord, his l fubftance, and
.,...„,.,. n. v accept the work of his hands : * fmite
"v- ' through the loins of them that rife againft
'^LeU™'; him, and of them that hate him, that they
rife not again.
1 2 % And of Benjamin he faid, The
beloved of the Lord fhall y dwell in fafety
17' by him ; andthe LORD fhall cover him
all the day long, and he fhall dwell be-

13-
11 Heb. at thy nefe.
t Num. 18. 9—32.
Lev. xxvii. ch. 18.
1—8.
11 Ezek. 43. 27.

x Amos. 5. ic.
21. Jer. 15. 10,

22, ,i judg 1. li'. tween his fhoulders.

y Pf. 1

13 f And of Jofeph he faid, * Bleffed
chf.,:^^ ofthe Lord be his land, for the precious
ii. Jt,fh. xviii. ,* -, r | , lr*

witn Gen. 46. 21.
'. Sc 49. 27. Num. I.
-36,37. Sc 26. 38—
40. &
iCh:i"ai\ Ij.m!11' things of heaven, for the dew, and for
*Tz7.%%7&.. the deep that coucheth beneath,
pf'.&.rJ-iV^'th 14. And for the precious fruits brought
Gen. 40. zo, 27. - , , r t r 1 •
^Tfl-ilZctt forth -by the fun, and for the precious
flf^&r±%. things § put forth by the * moon,
'KlTL2ml. 15 And a for the chief things of die
«Heh.™.«. ancient mountains, and for the precious
'S& things of the lafting hills,
lli'b.To.49'16' 16 And for the precious things of the
. earth and fulnefs thereof, and for the
hp'4t)lh%°.',: b good will of him that dwelt in the bufh :
" ™5 tot1edaatesh!; let the blejfing come upon the head of
Jofeph, and upon the top of the head of

c Gcn;.if x^' t. him that L was feparated from his brethren
in r.eb;. lenioiiL ind ' T T* d
honour. I 7 HlS ° t

1 7 His d glory is like the firftling of
l*Vtc^Td. his bullock, and his horns are like the
horns of unicorns ; with them he fhall
s.-tz-u.sc pufh the people together to the ends of
the earth : and they are e the ten thou-
1 jut4?'i Ipwfr, fands. of Ephraim, and they arc? the thou-
tiitlVll. fands of Manafleh.
1 8 5[ And of Zebulun he faid, f Rejoice,

eNiiru. 2. !«— CS. SC 26.
28—37.

u z. s— 8. Sc ib,
23— Vi. J0Q1. 19.
ic— 13.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIII. — The people of God are
a peculiar and chofen generation ; fafe in the hand of their God,

He magnifies the God of Ifrael.
Zebulun, 1» thy going- out; rand Iflachar *%*•*
in thy tents. f: ¦ r. ¦""" "
19 They fhall s call the people unto the **%,¦£•*•>•*
mountain; there they _ fhall offer facri-v
fices of righteoufnefs : for they fhall fuck
of the ^abundance of the; feas, and of*^%mi&s
treafures hid in the fand; ,
20 %.. And of Gad he faid, 4 Bleffed be h|Jt?f;|ft
he that enlargeth Gad : he dwelleth ' as a 15^ Num. ' '
lion, and teareth the arm with the crown ^Vci^'Ki"
of the head. lit??*';
21 And he k provided the firft part for ,8-**-
himfelf, becaufe there, in a portion of the "un
lawgiver, was he l feated; and he + came

1 Jofh. 1. 14. 8c zi.
1, 2, 5. Num. 32.
23i z9. 33- ' Kin.

with the heads of the people, he executed x!'Ge"i8'«Ki^.'ix"

: Heb. ceiled.

- ' m Jofh. 19. 40—47.
IS a Judg. 18. 27, 29. &
xm— xvi. Gen.

the juftice of the Lord, and his judg- *
ments with Ifrael.
22 ^[ And of Dan he faid, Dan
lion's whelp : he fhall leap from Bafhan. ff^f%^
23 % And of Naphtali he faid, O Na£h- %f^16' di&:
tali, n fatisfied with favour, and full with n °™- ££;&£¦
the bleffuip- ofthe Lord; poffefs. thou fcVrS:**''
. n °, , r ' . Gen. 46. 24. Num.
the weft and the fouth. ^V1*
24 % And of Afher he faid, Let Afher
be ° bleffed with children ; let him be ° ^ jt^tf
acceptable to his brethren > and let him ^.46?^™.
dip his foot in oil. • J^.J^tS?
15 H Thy fhoes Jhall be iron and brafs ; n v-d* %/s.«.
and as thy days Jo Jhall thy ftrength be.
26 % There p is none like unto the God vyfe'L%%.
of 1 Jefhurun, who rideth upon the heaven *| '""""'
in thy help, and in his excellency on the qSee
fky. 27 The r eternal God is thy refuge, and r "£»• g£*.
underneath arc the everlafting arms : and ^Xf.V.W
0 _ 48. 3. If. 46. 3*4.
he s fhall thruft out the enemy from be- *613:.9-c',-3i-
fore thee ; and fhall fay, Deftroy them. sci..7!i.&g.3.&
28 r Ifrael then fhall dwell in fafety tJj'^'6Elck34.
alone: u the fountain of Jacob Jhall be ^4™'
upon a land of corn and wine ; alfo his "^k'o*!*/'
heavens fhall drop down dew.
is like unto thee, O people faved ~by the 24.&24.s-9-^
Lord, the fhield of thy help, and who *?.'$££' "3*
is the fword of thy excellency 1 and
y thine enemies t fhall be found liars unto x ;£ S^*!*
thee, and thou flialt tread . upon their forjwifc/uww.
high places.

2 Sam. Z2. iu
Hab. 3. g.
ver. 5, /. e.'
Ifrael a; feeing
or perfttJ.

04. 10. & 65.
9—13. ch. 11. iis
14. & 23. IZ.

Happy art thou, O Ifrael : whoxPf . &U4.
15. Num. 23.20—

from whence none can pluck them ; taught of God, and fweetly
conftrained to receive and obey his inftructions ; and privileged

Mofes views Canaan, and dies,

CHAP. XXXIV. his burial, age, character, fuccrjor.

Before Chrift
J4S2.

a Num. 21. 20. & 23.
14. 8c 27.12. ch. 3.
27. Sc 4,49- & V-
49.
• Or the- hilt.
b.Ver. 4-. ch. 3.'27-

d Num. 34- 6. Exod,
23. 31. Jofh. 15. 12.
i.e. thc Mediter
ranean.
e Judg. 1. 16. Sc.}.
13.1 Chr. 28. 15.
- fGen. 19. 22. &J4-
2, 3. Num. 34. 3.
s Gen. 12. 7. & 15.
18. & 26.3. & 28,
131 H- & 35- 12-
Pf. 105. 9—11.
h Num. 20. 12. ch.
.32.52. 2 Kin. 7.2.
Heb. 3. 19. Gal. 3.
24,25. John 1. 17.
i Jofh. 1. 1, 15. Mal.
4. 4. Rev. IS- 3-
k Ch. 32.50. & I. 37.
& 31.14. &3-20,
27.

CHAP. XXXIV.
In the preceding part of this book tve have had an ac
count of Mofes' dying words. Here we have an ac
count of his dying work, and which was probably
written by Jofhua, or Eleazar the high priefi, or by
Samuel. Here is ( I ) ': The viezu which Mofes ob
tained of Canaan juft' before his death; !• — 4.
(2) An account of his death, burial, age, and cha
racter; 5 — 7, 10 — 12. (3) Of the Ifraelites'
mourning. for him, and Jofhua' s fucceeding him; 8, g.
ND Mofes went up from the plains
of Moab unto the ^mountain of
' Nebo, to the top of '" Pifgah, that is over
againft Jericho : and the Lord b fhewed
Iza^'z.'Hy. him all the land of Gilead, unto c Dan,
21. is: Num. 27- ' '
feitl-iT*3' 2 And all Naphtali, and the land of
c judg. is. 28, 29. Ephraim, and Manaffeh, and all the land
j^-V-4'14 ofjudah, unto d the utmoft. fea,
3 And the fout'h, and the plain of the
valley of Jericho, e the city of palm-trees,
unto_f Zoar.
4 And the Lord faid unto him, E This
is the land which I fware unto Abraham,
unto Ifaac, and unto Jacob, faying, I will
give it unto thy feed : h 1 have caufed thee
to, fee it with thine eyes, but thou fhalt
not go over thither.
5 % So Mofes the * fervant of the Lord
k died there in the land of Moab, accord
ing to the word of the Lord.

6 % And ' he buried him in a valley in
the land of Moab, over againft Beth-peor :
but no man knoweth of his fepulchre
unto this day.
7 % And Mofes was m an hundred and
twenty years old when he died : ""'his'
eye was not dim, nor his + natural force
abated. 8 5[ And the-children of Ifrael wept for
Mofes in the plains of Moab ° thirty days :
fo the days of weeping and mourning for
Mofes were ended.
9 «f[ And Jofhua the fon of Nun
was p full of the fpirit of wifdom ; for
Mofes q had laid his hands upon him : and
the children of- Ifrael hearkened unto
him, and did as the Lord commanded
Mofes. 1 o ""jf And there r arofe not a prophet
fince in Ifrael like unto Mofes, whom the
Lord knew face to face ;
11 s In all the figns and the wonders
which the Lord fent him to do in the
land of Egypt to Pharaoh, and to all his
fervants, and to all his land,
1 2 And in * all that mighty hand, and
in all the great terror which Mofes fhewed
in the fight of all Ifrael.

Before Chrift
H5*-
1 Chilli; Jutte 9.
This was done to
prevent the II-
raelites from ma
king an idol of
him after his
4 death.
m Ch. 31. 2. A£ts
' 23, 30, 36.
n Jofh. 14. 10, 11.
Gen. 27. I.
f Heb. moijiure fled.

o Num. 20. Z9). Gen.
50. 3, 10. lSaili*
25. I-

pExod, 31. 3. 1 Kin.
3.9,12. Luke 4. 1.
If. II. 2. John 3.
34. Col. 2. 3.
q Num. 27. 18, 20,
23.J0lh.-i.16— jg.

r Num. 12. 6, 8. ch.
5. 4. with cir. 18.
15, 18. Acls 3.22.
Sc 7- 3-7-

s Ch.4. 34- Sc 7. ir>
Exod.vh— xiv. Pf.
78.4;— 53. M 105.
26—38. & 135. 9.
Sc 136. 20—15.

t Exod. iv. to Nun.
xxv.

with the law of God, founded in their ears, and written on their
hearts. Unbounded bleflings are with God for them; bleflings
fuited to every tribe, every ftation in life, whether warriors, mini
fters, failors, hufbandmen, miners ; bleflings fuited to every rela
tion, and to every change of circumftance. And who can exprefs
their bleffednefs who have God's law Tor their rule, God's land
for their refidence, and God himfelf for their helper, refuge,
Saviour, fhield, portion, and infinite all ! It is happy to be fepa
rated from the World, in order to enjoy him. But;t is raviftiing
to leave this world quite tranfported with the glorious excellencies
of Qod in Chrift, and of our new covenant intereft in him, to
behold his face, and to enter upon the unvailed, uninterrupted,
enjoyment of him in glory.
~ Reflections upon Chap. XXXIV. — Happy and honoured
is the laft end of fuch as have been aflive and faithful for God in
their generation ; and their death would be an irremediable lofs to
churches and nations if the all-fufficient Jefus did not fupply their
-room. But precious in the fight ofthe Lord is the death of his
faints, and he makes it pleafant and joyful to them, when ufliered
in with views of the King in his beauty, and of the land that is afar
off. But let me not difmifs this wonderful man of God ; this deli
verer and leader of his people; this mediator between God and
Ifrael , this extraordinary -prophet, occafional prieft ; this lawgiver,
and king in Jefhurun ; till I confider him as a noted figure of my
infinitely more glorious and ufeful Redeemer. He was a proper,
a divine child, early and often expofed to danger. O the exile,

the reproach, the contradiction of finners, the perfecution even
unto death, which he endured ! and how divine his fupport under
his unnumbered trials ! How amiable his qualities ! — his contempt
of the world, in its pleafures, honours, or riches!— his compaffion
and tender regard to his injurious brethren! — his amazing meek
nefs !— his diftinguifhed fidelity!— his prudence, boldnefs, and holy
zeal ! Solemn and exprefs was his call to his work : and by a mul
titude of miracles in favour of his people, and with the moft tre
mendous deftruaion of his Jewifti, heathen,,' Antichriftian, and
other enemies, has that call been confirmed. Extenfive is the
office to which God has appointed him. He is the almighty Deli
verer, who refcues us from the worfe than Egyptian flavery of fin,
Satan, and the world ; and of heathenifm and popery. He is the
all-fufEcient Provider, who befto*s upon us fpiritual. entertain
ment, hidden manna, living water, and unchanging robes of righ
teoufnefs. He is' the Leader given to the people, who opens a
fafe paffage through every Red fea of difficulty; and by power
and prayer fubdues every oppofer; and brings us not merely to the
borders, but to the full enjoyment, of our promifed, evangelical,
new covenant, and eternal reft. Nor can their murmuring, unbe
lief, or rebellion, ever provoke. him to forfake thofe who have been
given to him by his Father. He is#he Mediator between God
and men, with whom the covenant of grace is made,; and who
confirms it with many by the fhedding and fprinkling of his blood.
He had his Father's law in his -heart, fulfilled it for uSj and gives it
to us as our rule. He not only faffed and prayed, but died for a
ftiff-necked and rebellious people. He infallibly prevents, our
6

The BOOK of JOSHUA.
By zvhom this book was written ; whether by Jofhua, Phinehas, or fome other; ive cannot determine: but it reprefents God's
fulfilment of his promifes to the patriarchs and their defcendants, in giving them the land of Canaan ; and the fulfilment of
Noah's curfe upon Canaan, in the dejlrublion and flavery of his defendants. It relates what was tranfatled by Jofhua, as
governor of Ifrael; particularly how God confirmed his call, and encouraged him to his work; Ms fending fpies to view
Jericho ; the miraculous paffage through Jordan, and erecling memorials of it ; his fiantlification of the people, by their cir
cumcifion and eating the paffover, i. — v ; his miraculous conquefi of Jericho, and fevere punifhment of Achan's theft of the
fpoil, vi. vii ; his conquefi of Bethel and Ji, and league with the Gibeonites, viii. ix; his conqueft of the fouth part of
Canaan, and caufing the fun to fiand ftill, x ; his conqueft of the northern parts of that country, xi ; an account of Canaan,
xii. — xiv; his divifion of it to the nine tribes and an half; his appointment of cities of refuge, and of cities to the. Levites,
xv. — xxi; his kind difmiffion of the Reubenites and Gadites, xxii; his folemn admonitions to the people, and renewal of
their . covenant with God; and, in fine, his death and burial, xxiii. xxiv.

Before Chrift _
1451- CHAP. I.
Here ( i ) God confirms Jofhua as Mofes' fucceffor in
the government of Ifrael ; gives him an ample com
miffion, full inflruiction, and abundant encouragement,
to put the Ifraelites in poffeffion of Canaan; i — 9.'
(2) Jofhua cheerfully accepts the charge, and' ap-
¦s points the officers of the people to prepare them for
the paffage through Jordan ; and that the Reuben
ites, Gadites, and Manaffites, fit for war, fhould
•go along with them, and affift in the conquefi of
Canaan; 10 — 15. (3) All the tribes declare their
acceptance of him for their governor, and folemnly
promife fubje£lion; 16 — 18.
OW, after the death of Mofes the
a fervant of the Lord, it came to
pafs that the Lord fpake unto
L?S'htd^- Jofhua. the fon of Nun, Mofes' b minifter,
" faying, 2 Mofes my fervant is dead; now
therefore c arife, go over this Jordan,
thou, and all this people, unto the land
which I do give to them, even to the
children of Ifrael.
3 % d Every place that the fole of your
foot fhall tread upon,
unto you, as I faid unto Mofes

3l>eut.34.5.IC49. 3. 2 Pom. 1. Rom.

N

13. & 17. 9. & 32.
17- Sc 33.II.
Mum. 13.8, 16. &
¦ 14. 6, 30. & 27. 18,
v.. Sc 34. 17.
c Njiiti. 27. l6*-2I.
, Deut. 3. 28. &
31.7.

4 Deut. 11. 14. dl,
34,9.

that have I given

4 e From the wildernefs and this Leba
non even unto the great river, the river
Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites,
and unto the great fea toward the going
down- of the fun, fhall be your coaft. ,
5 <f f There fhall not any man be able
to ftand before thee all the days of 4hy
life : e as I was with Mofes fo I will be
with thee : I will not fail thee, nor for
fake thee.
6 h Be ftrong and of a good courage :
for * unto this people fhalt thou ' divide
for an inheritance the land which I fware
unto their fathers to give them. •
7 Only be thou ftrong and very cou
rageous, that thou mayeft obferve to do
according to all the law which Mofes my
fervant commanded thee : k turn not from
it to the right hand or to the left, that
thou mayeft l profper whitherfoever thou
goeft. 8 ra This book of the law fhall not
depart out of thy mouth ; but thou fhalt
meditate therein day and night, that

Before Chrift
145'-
c Gen. 15. 18—21.
Exod. 23. 31. Se
, ¦ 34. li,- 12. Num.
34. 2—12. I Kin.
4. 21, 24. zChr.
9.14.

f Ch. 31. 7. *J-

g Exod. 3. 12. Deut.
31. 6, 8. Heb. 13.
f, 6. Rom. 8. 31.
f. 43. I, 2. & 41.
10, 15, 16.

h;Deut. 3t. 6, 7, JJ.
ver. 7, 9. & 10. 2;.
I Chr. 22. 13. Sc
28. 20. 2Chr.37.-7.
•Or thou fhalt ctstib-
this poof le tdtfnhtrit
the land, Sec
i Num. 34. 17— 1%.
en. xv— xxi.

kDcut. j.'3«. & k.
32. & 18. 14. Prov.
4. 2.7. Gal. •• 14.
1 Or do vii el,, Pf. I.
3. Eph. 5. 15.
mDeut. 31. II. Col.
3. 16. Mat. 12. 34.
Deut. 6. 6—9. Sc
11. 18, 19. Sc 17.
18,19: Pf, j. 2,3.
& 119. 11. If. jS.
19. 1 Cor. 15. s8.
I Tim. 4. 8. 11'.
3.10.

•utter rejection. He is the incomparable Prophet, who knows the
full mind of God, and can teach us by the Holy Ghoft fent down
from heaven, and make us wife unto falvation. He fpeaks as never
man did. He is the brigWnefs of his Father's glory, and the ex
prefs 'image of his perfon, which we can behold, and be familiar
with, only as Vailed with our nature. He is our glorious Prieft,
who fhed his blood, and fprinkled it on the altar, to fatisfy Jeho
vah's juftice; and on the book of the law as a covenant, fulfilling
it in our ftead ; and he fprinkles it on his people's confeience, to
purge them from dead works to ferve the living God. He autho-

rifes all the true minifters of the church, and confecrates the faints
as fpiritual priefts, and all the ordinances thereof, unto the fervice
of God. He is King- and Lawgiver to his Ifrael indeed, appoint
ing the whole form and ordinances of his church; and to him is
the whole government thereof committed by God. His whole
ljfe was remarkable for fidelity in the fervice of God, and his death
was marvellous and voluntary. His grave was appointed of God,
but in it he faw no corruption ; and with him were buried all the
ancient ceremonies, the law as a covenant, and all the fins oLhis
people.

Hebrews accept Jofhua as governor.

CHAP. I. II.

Spies fent to view Jericho,

BCfo« chrm t-^Qn mayeft obferve to do according to all
"""  that is written therein : for then thou
fhalt make thy way profperous, and then
t or *»./</>. j-^Qy mait % have g00(i fuccefs.
Bjudgt:l,'.4~ora. 9 " Have not I commanded thee? Be
E7Ph!'6Aw!2Tim. ftrong and of a good courage ; be not
«r!'ts,7,i8." afraid, neither be thou difmayed : for
* ]-f-tI%l\il ° tne L°RD thy God is with thee whi-
%sc£:l°d'. therfoever thou goeft.
3°-s'6' io % Then Jofhua commanded the
officers of the people, faying,
1 1 Pafs through the hoft, and command
the people, faying, Prepare you victuals.;'
' Sod1 '.^.n.'ceri. for p within three days ye fhall pafs over
zo'.t.H4oiY6Klz'.' this Tordan, to go in to poffefs the land
Jon. 3.17. Mat.I2. . J , V * , ,
40.1cor.15.4- which 1 the Lord your God giveth you
a Ver. 15. Exod. 32. . fit- r •.
^1,. ee ,£1.0^ to poliels it.
ji:V,', 14. da. 1 2 ^[ And to the Reubenites, and "to the
Gadites, and to half the tribe of Manafleh,
fpake Jofhua, faying,
1 3 Remember r the word which Mofes
the fervant of the Lord commanded you,
faying, The Lord your God hath given
you reft, and hath given you this land.
14 Your wives, your little ones, and
your cattle, fhall remain in the land which
Mofes gaye you on this fide Jordan ; but
^frtilZsi'sl^l ye fhall pafs before your brethren 5 armed,
'THh-'vi-xxiiJ' au" ' tne niighty men of valour, and help
them ;
U|^j'cp'-',2.26'. 15 u Until the Lord hath given your
brethren reft, as he hath given you, and
* pi'Vtfylh they alfo have poffeffed x the land which
Dew. 4XV4o- & the Lord your God g-iveth them: then
J. 16. & 11.17,31. J o
, "&'i6.'m.'£ ye fhall return unto the land of your

f Num. 32. 6— 3*.
ch. 22. 4.

Before Chrift .

17. 14. & 18. 9. &

19. 1, 2, 10.

.Tt

'4'. & poffeffion, and enjoy it, which Mofes

&&2sS&Z7'2' t'le Lord's fervant gave you on this fide
Jordan toward the fun-rifing.
16 5[ And they anfwered Jofhua, fay-
v^!s-t^Z\ mg> y All that thou commandeft us we
will do, and whitherfoever thou fendeft

Tit. 3. 1.

us we will go.

17 According as we hearkened unto - I45i. '
Mofes in all things, fo will we hearken ~
unto thee: z only the Lord thy God be z l%,?i*£ m^
with thee, as he was with Mofes.
18 a Whofoever he be that doth rebel •gijf&ft,?
againft thy commandment, and will not
hearken unto thy words in all that thou
commandeft him, he fhall be put to
death: only b be ftrong and of a good ^tfdl^!*
courage. CHAP. II.
Relates ( I ) How Jofhua fent fpies to view Jericho ;
and how Rahab received and protested them, and told
her countrymen a lie for their fafety ; I — 7. (2) The
account fhe gave of the panic wherewith the Canaan
ites were feized upon the Ifraelites, approach ; 8 — 1 1.
(3) The agreement fhe made with the fpies for her
own and her friends' prefervation when the city
fhould be deftroyed; 12 — 21. (4) The fafe return
of the fpies to Jofhua, and report of their travels j
22 — 24.
AND Jofhua the fon of Nun fent out
of a Shittim two men to b fpy fe- 3^3.';.&n'
cretly, faying, Go view the land, even b "«•!<>. 16. EPh.
Jericho. And they went, and. c came c Heb. n. 31. jam.
into an harlot's houfe named Rahab, and
lodged there.
2 And it was d told the king of Jericho, d«.-3o?"
faying, Behold, there came men in hither
to-night of the children of Ifrael to fearch
out the country.
3 And the king of Jericho fent unto
Rahab, faying, Bring forth the men that
are come- to thee, which are entered into
thine houfe ; for they be come to fearch
out all the country.
4 And the e woman took the two men, e \,%J]^'l1tf
and hid them, and faid thus, There came '"-".a*."
men unto me, but f I wift not whence f*°£ &&*.?£•
they were:
5 And it came to pafs about the time of
fhutting of the gate, when it was dark,
that the men went out : whither the

u. 33. j.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — God keeps up an honourable
remembrance of his faithful fervants. And it is a comfort teethe
church that, though her minifters die, Jefus her Redeemer lives to
provide others in their room. But. thofe who have behaved well
in an inferior ftation will in general, and ought to be advanced to
an higher. Certainly and feafonably, however flowly, the promifes
of God are fulfilled at laft, with refpetSt to every thing temporal
or eternal : nor need we fear to proceed in the moft dffficult work
if God promife to us his prefence and affiftance, When he :is

pleafed to work, none can let it. But, as we muft live by the
word of God, fo we muft work and war by it; and, being ones
called and encouraged of God, we ought with the utmoft readi-
nefs to fet about our work. God can quickly bow the hearts of
all fuch as are neceffary to affift us therein. And it is delightful
when magiftrates, minifters, and people, concur in their regard to,
and dependance on, God ; and when fubje&s are no lefs cheerful
in their obedience than rulers are exacl in commanding what is
lawful, 8

Rahab entertains thefpies:

JOSHUA. fecures t he fafety of herfelf and friendl*

fiefore Chrift
145*.

gDeut.22. 8.2Sam.
V?. 19. Mat. 5. 7.
Exod. 1. 17.

k prov. IT. 30. Pf.
127- h *•

1 Gen. II. 7' & *3-
18. &.S.18. &26.
3-&a8. 13. Exod.
3. 8: lee Deut. 4.
11, 40. ch. 1. 15.
, ver. 14.
kGcn. 35. 5. Exod.
23. 27. Deut. 2.
15 & 11.15. &28.
10. Song 6. 4. ver.
11,24. ch. 5. 1.
f Heb! melt.
lExod.14.11. ch. 4.
23. Num- 21.24—
35. Deut. ii. iii.
Sieh. 9. 9—22. ch.
3W- 5— 9*

»i Ver. 9. ch. 5. 1. &
7. 5. Exod. 15. 14.
tf. ij.> Deut. 1.
28. & 20. 8.
4. Heb. rofe up.
11 Deut. 4- 39- Dan-
4.154,35. If. 66. 1.
Pf. 89. TT- Exod.
18. 11. I Chr. 29.

© j Sam. 20. 13—16.
& 30.15. Prov. 18.
24. 2Tim. i- 16—

pCh.6.23. 5*.

% HeV 'inftead of you
to die.
q Num. 10. 29, 32.
z Sam. 9. I. Mat.
5. 7. 2,Tim. 1. 16

T Afts*). aj. a Cor.
11.33. iSam. 19.,

men went I wot not : purfue after them
quickly, for ye fhall overtake them.
6 But fhe had brought them up to s the
roof of the houfe, and hid them with
the ftalks of flax, which flie had laid in
order upon the roof.
7 And the men purfued after them the
way to Jordan unto the fords : and, as
foon as they who purfued after them were
gone out, they h fhut the gate.
8 % And before they were laid down
fhe came up unto them upon the roof;
9 And flie faid unto the men, I know
that ' the Lord hath given you the land,
and that your k terror is fallen upon us,
and that all the inhabitants of the land
+ faint becaufe of you :
1 o For we have heard l how the Lord
dried up the water of the Red fea for you
when ye came out of Egypt ; and what
ye did unto the two kings of the Amo
rites that were on the other fide Jordan,
Sihon and Og, whom ye utterly de
ftroyed. 1 1 And as foon as we had heard thefe
things m our hearts did melt, neither + did
there remain any more courage in any
man, becaufe of you : for the Lord your
God n he is God in heaven above and in
earth beneath.
1 2 Now therefore, I pray you, Wwear
unto me by the Lord, fince ° I have
fhewed you kindnefs, that ye will alfo
fhew kindnefs p unto my father's houfe ;
and give me a true token :
13 And that ye will fave alive my fa
ther, and my mother, and my brethren,
and my lifters, and all that they have ;
and deliver our lives from death.
14 And the men anfwered her, "Our
life II for your's, if ye utter not this our
bufinefs. And it fhall be, q when the
Lord hath given us the land, that we
will deal kindly and truly with thee.
1 5 Then fhe r let them down by a cord
through t*e window : for her houfe was

u Heb. gather-, Gen.
7. 1. Afts 27. 24.
Mat. 23. 37. ver.
12, ij.

x Afts 27. 31. Num.
35. 26. Exod. 12.
y Lev. 20. 9. 2 Sam.
1. 16. & j. 28.
Lev. 20.9,11,16*
1 Kin. 2. 44.

upon the' town wall, and fhe dwelt upon 1451."
the wall.
1 6 And fhe faid unto them, s Get ye ^mlzlXflt
to the mountain, left the purfuers meet
you ; and hide yourfelves there three
days, until the purfuers be returned : and
afterward may ye go your way.
17 Andthe men faid unto her, We
/ , 1 1 ¦ 1 txod* *&• 7- Gen.
will be ' blamelefs of this thine oath which **¦ s-8-
thou haft made us fwear.
1 8 Behold, when we come into the land,
thou fhalt bind this line of fcarlet thread
in the window which thou didft let us
down by ; and thou fhalt u bring thy
father, and thy mother, and thy brethren,
and all thy father'shoufehold, home unto.
thee. - :
19 And it fhall be, that whofoever
" fhall go out of the doors of thy houfe
into the ftreet, * his blood fhall be upon
his head, and we will he guiltlefs : and
whofoever fhall be with thee in the houfe,
z his blood Jhall be on our head- if any hand z Mat' *7' *5'
be upon him.
20 And if thou utter this our bufinefs,
then we will be quit of thine oath which
thou haft made us to fwear.
21 And fhe faid, According unto your _
words, fo be it. And fhe fent them away,
and they departed: and fhe bound the
fcarlet line in the window.
22 And they went, and came unto the
mountain, and abode there three days,
until the purfuers were returned : and
the purfuers fought them throughout all
the way, a but found them not.
23 4" So' the two men returned, and
defcended from the mountain, and pafled
over, and came to Jofhua fhe fon of
Nun, and told him all things that befell
them :
24 And they faid unto Jofhua, b Truly b£-k80/™£-
the Lord hath delivered into our hands
all the land; for even all the inhabitants »Hcb.,„,„.
of the country do * c faint becaufe of c ver. 9, ,1. Exod.
J. 15. iS. pr. 48. 4.
US. Rcv.6.i6.ch.5.i.

a 1 Sam. to. io, iz.
2 Sam. 17. ao. PS.
32. 6, 7.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — Proper means and prudent
caution muft never be neglected, when we truft God with the fuc
cefs. of our enterprifes. iven the beft and greateft rulers muft fee
with other people's eyes. And it is a great mercy to a nation

when thofe to whom, interefting affairs are committed are perfons
of fidelity and diligence. The grace of God can eafily change
the moft fcandalous linner into a choice faint and a ftrong believer :
and fuch. as. firmly believe will .rift all for God. Nor muft we

Directions for the paffing of Jordan.

C H A P. III.

Before Chrift
1451.

CHAP. III.
Relates the miraculous, paffage of the Ifraelites from
Shiitim to Gilgal. ( 1 ) By Jofhua' s order they march
clofe up to the eafl fide of the river Jordan ; I ¦
(2) After three days refi they are commanded to
fanSlify themfelves, and to march after the ark,
which the priefts were to carry along before them ;
% — 6. (3) E'ncourdged of God, Jofhua animates
the people with the hope of a miraculous paffage into
Canaan, as a pledge of their poffeffing it ; 7 — 13.
(4) While the ark of the Lord is carried before the
tribes, the river Jordan, though now overflowing all
its banks, divides its fir earn, and opens a free paffage
into Canaan; 14 — 17.
"^pf.'il,.'*"' AND Jofhua a rofe early in the
fe'cor.iT Xl morning ; and they removed from
Shittim, and came to Jordan, he and all
the children of Ifrael* and lodged there
before they paffed over.
i.ai.i.io,n. 2 % And it came to pafs after b three
days that the officers went through the
hoft ; '
3 And they commanded the people,
4I.!,'S.,2^: faying, When ye fee c the afk of the
rt?&6?Deu.:jt: covenant ofthe Lord your God, and the
dNum.10.33.Exod. priefts the Levites bearing it, d then ye
',l:"&,tlt. fhall remove from your place, and go
I Cor. 11. 1. Eph. - . J M. ¦ u
5.J.*- after it.
'-.^puil.^s1.9' 4 Yet there e fhall be a fpace between
Heb. ,2. »8. y0U an(j fr about ftwo thoufand cubits
4 About three- J 7 .
3iun.th3s°f4^Ie' by meafure : come not near unto it, that
ye may know the way by which ye muft
go : for ye have not paffed this way
*™ir&& -f- heretofore. 5 ^[ And Jofhua faid unto the people,
* j^Le^'ia^* e Sanctify yourfelves ; for to-morrow, the
7.™'iIs'am8'i6h5. Lord will do h wonders among you.
»ver.i3,is.ch.6. 6 And Jofhua fpake unto the priefts,
fi' faying;, ' Take up the ark of the covenant,
.Vcr.3.Num.4.K. J &' ^ • r , All
S'Re'v.'i" 19. and pafs over before the people. And they
mic. 2. 13. t00k Up t^e zfc 0£ ^g covenant, and
went before the people.
7 5T And the Lord faid unto Jofhua,

c Exod. Num

T'he river Jordan, is divided.
This day will I begin to magnify thee in *%?'*
the fight of all Ifrael, that they may know
that,' k as I was with Mofes, fo I will be *^m.<7>=™.
with thee.
8 And thou fhalt command the priefts
that bear the ark of the covenant, faying,
When ye are come to the brink of the
water of Jordan, ye fhall * ftand ftill in '^'i^S
Jordan. 9 % And Jofhua faid unto the children
of Ifrael, Come hither, and m hear the "£$¦£ \: t£
words of the Lord your God. ' ' '.
10 And Jofhua faid, "Hereby ye fhall n%lt%&%
know that ° the living God is p among z£it&'F[.ii£
you, and that he will without fail q drive I?-
out from before you the Canaanites, and ° laViThe,"".
J ... 7 10. Heb. 1,0. 3 1.
the Hittites, and the Hivites, and the p Exod; i7.7. Deut.
Perizzites, and the Girgafhites, and the J^'^TslZ
Amorites, and the Jebulites. . ,?f~&.t1ifz£-'
11 Behold, the ark of the covenant of \l%^fal*
r the Lord of all the earth "pafTeth over £x7£f£*t5-.z'3-
before you into Jordan. , rver.13.1r. 37.16.
1 2 Now therefore take ye ' twelve men %^A4J-.^
out of the tribes of Ifrael, out of every fflif<\ ^' <:
9 Ver. 6. Heb. 6. 20.
Mic. z. 13. If. 52.

tribe a man
13 And it fhall come to pafs,' as foon "¦¦
as the foles of the feet of the priefts that ' Kimf:?!*: &
bear the ark of the Lord, the Lord of iz^^^
all the earth, fhall reft in the waters 6f ,0'39'
Jordan, that "the waters of Jordan fhall u'r"\i%.t&I:
J ' -J &74- 15. If. 25.8,
be cut off from the waters that come down Hof- '3- '*•
from above; and they x fhall ftand upon "^.'^"1;
. J * ver, 16.
an heap.
14 \ And it came to pafs, when the
people removed from their tents to pafs
over Jordan, and the priefts r bearing the yi%V,sch,c'o£
ark „of the covenant before the people ; z 'v*f*'
15 And as they that bare the ark were aichr. 12. ,,.}„.
come unto Jordan, and " the feet of the j^ii^Tri
priefts that bare the ark were dipped in tS«S^\St
the brim of the water, (for -l Jordan over- Sow-olL-kmon.

reje£l them as reprobates who are guilty offome very condemnable
adrions: there may be true and juftifying faith where much cor
ruption ftill works.' But it is hard to get rid of a bad character
when once fixed, even by repentance and amendment: and that
remaining badge of our fhame ought to excite us to frequent and
bitter' forrow for the fin which occafioned it. God can eafily
fend his terrors to the hearts of his enemies, fo that the boldeft
lhall tremble: and often finners' frights are pfefages of their fall.
But the faith of God's promifes will powerfully influence a perfon
to a regard for the people of God, even at the expenfe of natural
affections. And, when we cannot prevent the ruin of our city or
Vol, I.

nation, we ought cautioufly to provide for the fafety of ourfelves
and kindred. And all agreements, efpecially fuch as concern life and
death, ought to be made with the greateft exactnefs. We muft
never mingle' with the world, which lieth in wickednefs, if we
would not be condemned with it. FaitlV, which forefees the ruin
of the ungodly, will urge us to fave ourfelves from among them :
and the lives that are jeoparded for Chrift's fervice fhall be fecured
by his mercy. But the moft prudent means ought to be ufed for
our fafety, even while we truft our all to God and his redeeming
grace. And G'jd can eafily make fuch as are weak encou-
ragers of his ftrongeft faints.
Tt

The Hebrews pafs through Jordan,

JOSHUA.

and ere $ memorials of their paffage*

Before Chrift

b Pf. if), io. & 77.
19. ver. 13.

C 1 Kin, 4. 12, & 7.
46.
d Num. 34. 3. Gen.
14. 3. oh. 15. 2.
They had a paf
fage «f eighteen
or iwenty miles
opened for them.
c Ver. 13^ ch. 4. 7.
iKin. 2. 8, 11.

fExorf. 14. 21, 29.
Pf. 66. 6. Eph. 2.
J8.H0C13.14. IC
JL5^8. John 17. 12,
'& 10. 28,29. & 6.
39*40. Pf. 84.7. If.
¦iS-io. & 51. 11.

ic, I?¥n.t..9,ii. &
jri.31. & 12.10. &
27- 4, 12. Ch. I. 4,
II. & 3. 17. ver.
Z2. Afts 1.;. 21.
Hof. 13. 14. If.
25. 8.
1 Ch. 3. 12. Num. 1.
5—16. & 13. 4—
i<. & 34. 17— 28.
Mat. 10. 1 — 5. Afls
I. 25. Sc ro. 39.
There were typi
cal of the ap cities,
as witnefles of
Chi ilVs .r,efurrcc-
tion.
CGen.iS, 22. ch. 14.
¦zy. 1 bam. 7. 12,
* Kin. 18. 31.
Exod. 24- 4. ver,
fc 9, 20.

floweth all his banks all the time of har
veft,) 1 6 That the waters which came down
from above ftood, and h- rofe up upon an
heap very .far from the city Adam, that
is befide c Zaretan ; and thofe that came
down toward d the fea of the plain, even
the fait fea, failed, and e were cut off:
and the people pafled over right againft
Jericho. 1 7 And the priefts that bare the ark
of the covenant of the Lord f flood firm
on dry ground in the midft of Jordan,
and all the Ifraelites palled over on dry
ground, until all the people were pafTed
clean over Jordan. CHAP IV.
Here we hav£ (1) Orders given to the twelve men
•whom Jefbuct had prepared to carry twelve ftones out
of the midft of Jordan's channel, where the ark had
refted; and other twelve are fet up in that fpot, as
a memorial of the Lord 's dividing the river; 1 — 9.
-{2) The people having marched through Jordan, tlu
Reubenites and Gadites in the front, when the
priefts who bare the ark come out, the waters flowed
again in their wonted manner; ro — 19. (3) The
twelve ftones brought up out of Jordan are ereifed
at Gilgal, as a monument of this marvellous paffage ;
20 — 24.
AND it came -to pafs, when all the
people were clean pafled a over
Jordan, that the Lord fpake unto Jofhua,
faying, 2 b Take ye twelve men out- of the
people, out of every tribe a man,
3 And command ye them, faying,
Take ye hence out of thc midft of Jordan,
out of the place where the priefts' feet
flood firm, c twelve ftones, and ye fliall
carry them over with you, and leave

Before Chrift
1451.

them d in the lodging-place where ye
fhall lodge this night. d v«. 8, i9, 20. "
4 Then Jofhua called the twelve men,
whom he had e prepared of the children e™JI-J,*-M"rfcJ»
of Ifrael, out of every tribe a man ;
5 And Jofhua faid unto them, Pals
over before the ark of the Lord your
God f into the midft of Jordan, and take fVer'1'-
ye up every man of you a ftone upon his
fhoulder, according unto the number pf
the tribes of the children of Ifrael :
6 That this may be s a fign
you, that when your children afk
fathers * in time to come, faying, What
mean ye by thefe ftones ?
7 Then ye fhall anfwer them, That the
waters of Jordan were h cut off before the h^'.!:i!66.6.&
ark of the covenant of the Lord ; when ^»- *»-5' '
it paffed over Jordan the waters of Jor
dan were cut off: and ' thefe ftones fhall ,^."i'ii^.&™r 14,15. Num. 16.
4o.>Zech. 6. 14.
Mat. 26. 13. Pf.
i03.a.A£UjO. 39.
THeb. 2. 3,4. Eph.

anion o* E Ch- **• z?- & **•
ifjcir 13 14. & 17. 14,
15. 1 Sam. 7. 12.
Deut. 6. 20. PC.
rxi. 2. &77. ro,
11.
* Heb. to-morrow*

apoftles, as wit
nefles of Chrift's
death and refur
reition.

be for a memorial unto the children of
Ifrael for ever.
8 And the children of Ifrael did fo as
Jofhua commanded, and took up + twelve ^^ti^SSiS"
f\ •nn/-T*i l annftlps. as wir.
ftones out of the midft of Jordan, as the
Lord fpake unto Jofhua, according to the
number of the tribes of the children of
Ifrael, and carried them over with them
unto the place where they lodged, and
laid them down there.
9 5[ And Jofhua fet up twelve ftones in
kthe midft of Jordan, in the place where ""g^^?;"
the feet of the priefts which bare the ark
of the covenant ftood : and they are there
unto this day.
10 % For the priefts who bare the
ark ftood in the midft of Jordan ' until
every thing was finifhed that the Lord
commanded Jofhua to fpeak unto the

eh. 24. 27. ver. 6,
7-

lExotl. 23.13. Eph.
5. is- Gal. 6. 9. IT.
z%. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. Iff. — Let us always prefs forward
in the way of our duty, notwithftanding forefeen difficulties attend
ing it. And, when we have done our utmoft, the Lord can ftep
in and clear our paffage. Let us follow his word as our guide,
and our way will be right. But let us always fet Jefus, the Ark of
the covenant, before us, by faith depend on him, and with due
reverence -follow his example ; and, if we cannot get ,rid of our
fins, let us deteft them. Let minifters go before others, as he-
goats before the flock ; and, though they fhould be more expofed
than others, that Chrift, whofe name they bear in their mi-niftra-
tions, fhall be their protection: for God highly honours thofe that
honour him: and thofe who are comforted and encouraged of
God Ihould encourage and ftrengthen their brethren, fn the

moment of difficulty the Lord will be feen. The greatnefs of the
difficulty fhall but the more magnify the power of God in over
coming it. And Chrift will be the protection of his people in ,
trouble or death, till they be all clean pafled over into Canaan
above ! f f then I expect a noted appearance of God for my relief,
let me make folemn preparation for it, feparating myfelf from
every finful luft and. carnal care. Always, feeking the honour
which cometh from above, let me improve God's prefent mani-
feftations of power and love as pledges of more, nay, of eternal
and immediate enjoyment of hiin. Let no occafional advantage,
gained by the oppofition made. to my happinefs, or to the church
of God, difmay me ; for the Lord fits King upon the floods, and
is mightier than the noife of many waters.

Jofhua magnified^ &c.

C H A P. IV. - V.

The f ones of remembrance in Gilgal.

Before Chrift
I4$i*
iaNjm» 27. 21 — 23.
Dfcut; 31. 7, 23.
n Exod. 12. 39. Mat.
14.30. Eccl. 9. 10,
Prov/27. 1. 2 Cor.
6.2.

«Wum. 32. 20,27,28.
ch. 1. 14.

5 Or ready awed. It
feemb Jofhua did
not choofe that
any more fliould

p Ch. 3. 7. with
£xod. 14. 31.
x Cor. 10. 2. ch. 1.
16—18. 1 Chr. 29.
2.5. 2 Chr. 1.' 1. &
32. 23- Afts 5. 13.

%Exod. 2.5. 16. ch. 3.
3,6. ver. 17. Rev,
11. 17.

r Gen. 8. 16. 1 Cor.
15. 22—28.

» Ch. 3. 15. 1 Chr.
11. 15. Jer. 12. 5,
&49- 19. & 18.14.
V, Heb. pluded up*

4 Heb, zvent.

X Exod. 12. 3. ch,
3. 2.
» Ch. 5. 9. & 10.6,
43. Sc 15, 7. & 18.
17. 1 Sam. 11, 14,
3 Ver. 3, 9. Rev. 21.
14. Eph. 2. 20.
Ails 10. 39.

people, according to all that Mofes m com
manded Jofhua : and the people n hafted
and palled over.
1 1 And it came to pafs, when all the
people were clean paffed over, that the
ark of the Lord paffed over, and the
priefts in the prefence of the people.
12 And ° the children of Reuben, and
the children of Gad, and half the tribe
of Manaffeh, paffed over armed before
the children of Ifrael, as Mofes fpake
unto them ;
13 About forty thoufand, * prepared
for war, paffed over before the Lord
unto battle, to the plains of Jericho.
14 f On that day the Lord, p magni
fied Jofhua in the fight of all Ifrael; and
they feared him, as they feared Mofes,
all the days of his life.
1 5 % And the Lord fpake unto Jofhua,
laying, 1 6 Command the priefts that bear 1 the
ark of the teftimony, that they come up
out of Jordan.
17 Jofhua therefore commanded the
priefts, faying, r Come ye up out of
Jordan. 1 8 And it came to pafs, when the priefts
that bare the ark of the covenant of the
Lord were come up out of the midft of
Jordan, and the s foles of the priefts' feet
were I' lifted up unto the dry land, that
the waters of Jordan returned unto their
place, and § flowed over all his banks,
as they did before.
1 9 ^f And the people came up out of
Jordan on the c tenth day of the firft
month, and encamped in u Gilgal, in the
eaft border of Jericho.
20 % And thofe x twelve ftones, which

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — No care or labour of our own
fhould ever hinder us from that which tends to the immediate ho
nour of God, and the commemoration of his wonderful works.
And, if not one Ifraelite, however feeble,, perifh in trouble or iii
death, furely it becomes all to keep his mighty works in everlafting
remembrance. Never let us hunt after pomp or finery in our me
morials, for God has chofen the weak and foolifh things of this
world to confound all earthly-glory, Let every accommodation,
even in outward things, render us forward and exemplary, in duty.
If we be called forth to God's work, we may cheerfully leave all
our worldly concerns behind us : and if we have God's prefence
With us we need not be weary, nor doubt but we fhall fafely land

they took out of Jordan, did Jofhua pitch
in Gilgal.
21 And he fpake unto the children of
Ifrael, faying, When your children fhall
^ afk their fathers * in time to come,
faying, -What mean thefe ftones ?
22 Then 'ye fhall let your children
know* faying, Ifrael came over this Jor
dan on dry land.
23 For the Lord your God dried up
the waters of Jordan from before you
until ye were pafled over, as the Lord

Before Chrift
I451.

y Vet. 6. Exod. 12.
2'), 27. & 13! 14,
IS- Deut. 6. 20—
24. Pi. ill. 2.
* Heb. t'-merravs.
z Pf. 78. 2—8. &
105. 2, 5. Sc 145.
4—7. & 44. I.
Deut. 6. 20^-24.
& 11. 19. II. 58.
19. Eph. 6. 4-

b Rom. 1. 19, 20. Pf.
75. 1. Jer. 32. 17—
22.
c Pf. 76. 6—8. Jer.
10. 6, 7. 8c 32. 40.
.DeuL 6. 2, 13,
Prov? 1. 8. Pi".

t Heb. all daft.

your God did to the Red fea, a which he *%°p9%7f
dried up from before us until we were & li-ii.1.-**.
gone over:
24 That all the people of- the earth
b might know the hand of the Lord, that
it is mighty : that ye might c fear the
Lord your God + for ever.
CHAP. V.
The Ifraelites having juft- entered Canaan, in order to
conquer it, the Lord: ( i ) Difpirits their Canaanitifh
enemies; I. (2) Animates the Ifraelites, by re
newing the long-interrupted covenant of circumci
fion; 2 — 9. (3) By feaf ing them with his paff
over, which had not been kept during the preceding
thirty-eighty years; 10. (4) By victualling their camp
with corn of Canaan, and withdrawing the manna.
( 5 ) By appearing to Jofhua, as their great general,
ready to jheathe his fword in the blood of their ene
mies; 13—15.
AND it came to pafs, when '"all the " g^1,)?^
kings of the Amorites which were
on the fide of Jordan weftward, and all
the kings of the Canaanites which were
by the fea, b heard that the Lord had
dried up the waters of Jordan from be
fore the children of Ifrael until we were
paffed over, that their heart melted, nei
ther was there fpirit in them any more,
becaufe of the children of Ifrael.
2 % At that time the Lord faid unto

„ 18— 21V.
Sc 10. 15 — ig.
Num. 13. 29.
Exod. 3. 8. 8c 23.
23, 28. Sc 34. 11.-
Deiit. 7. I. Sc 9.
I—J.
b Exod. ie. 14515. &
34. 24. & 23. 27.
ch. 2. as II. rl.
48. 4— 6, 8. Rcrt
18. 19.

at laft : for, though the years of our pilgrimage ihould be many and
fcrrowful, they have an appointed end : let us therefore neC-er
hurry out of danger till our work in it be finifhed. But, what
ever perilous work God allots to us, let us go through it with
proper difpatch, never with unbelieving hafte : and let us always
honour thofe whom God honours by his providence. The reli
gious inquiries of young people fhould be encouraged and gratified
to the uttermoft. If we wifh them wife when they are old, they
ought to be inquifitive when they are young.. But, if we wifh
our prefent mercies to be doubly fweetened, let us compare them
with our former ones. Tt 2

Circumcifion renewed.

JOSHUA.

The paffover kept at Gilgal.

. Before Chrift
*45i-
c Knives of flinty
Exod. 4. 25.
dOc. 17. 7— T4.
Rim. 4. 11. Sc z,
29. Deut. 10. 16.
&30.6.C0I.2.11.
+ Or G'.beah-hwira-
Mh.

e Num. X4. 23, 29,
38. cv 26. ($4, 65.
i)eut. 2. 14, 15.
J Cor. 10. 5. Heb.
3- 17-r-Tp- pfr 90.
^, s» 6- « 95- 8—
21.

f Thu^-for thirty-
eight years they
v/ereheUiasaliens
to the covenant of
promife. Hoi'. 1.
g. or 6. 6, 7. Gal.
D. 15.
gliof. 1. 9. or 6- 6.
Mat. ia. 7. Num.
H- 33-
h Num. 14. ^2— 55.
&33.58.&J2.15.
. Deut. 1. 3. & 2.7,
& 8. 2, 5. & 29. 5.
Exod. 16. jy. Neh.
9- 21.

i Num. T4. 23. Pf.
95. 10, 11. Heb^ j.
*7i 18.
k Gen. 12. 7. & ij.
'5- & IS- 7, i3—
ai. ft: 17. 8. & 26.
3-4- & 18. 13,14.
tic 15. 12. Exod. 3,
8. Deut. 4. 1. & 6.
10,11. & 8. 10, 11.
i Num. 14. 31. Eph.
1. 14. Col.^. 11.

'(fcfeb.zcffcn tht people
had made an end lo
kg artumiffd.

mGen.u.74, iSam.
17.16. Eph. 2. u,
jj. ch. 24. 14.
E?.elc. 20. 7. & zj.
3, 8. jer. 9. 35.
fi That is rolling,
ch. 4. 19. & 9. 6.
& 10.6. 1 Sam. 7.
16, & 10. 8. & 11.
14. Hof. 4. 15- Sc
9. 15. & 12. 11.
Amos 4. 4.

Jofhua, Make thee c fharp knives, and
* circumcife again the children of Ifrael
the fecond time.
3 And Jofhua made him fharp knives,
and circumcifed the children of Ifrael at
+ the hill of the forefkins.
4 And this is the caufe why Jofhua
did circumcife : All the people that came
out of Egypt, that were males, even c all
the men of war, died in the wildernefs
by the way after they came out of Egypt.
¦ 5 Now all the people that came out
were circumcifed : but f all the people
that were born in the wildernefs by the
way as they came forth out of Egypt,
them they ghad not circumcifed.
6 For the children of Ifrael walked
h forty years in the wildernefs, till all the
people that were men of war, which came
out of Egypt, were confumed, becaufe
they obeyed not the voice of the Lord :
unto whom the Lord fware that ' he
would not fhew them the land which the
Lord k fware unto their fathers that he
would give us, a land that floweth with
milk and honey.
7 And their children, whom l he raifed
up iii their, ftead, them Jofhua circum
cifed : for they were uncircumcifed, be
caufe they had not circumcifed them by
the way.
8 And it came to pafsj U when they had
done circumcifing all the people, that
they abode in their places in the camp
till they Were whole.
9 And the Lord faid unto Jofhua, This
day have I rolled away the m reproach of
Egypt from off you. Wherefore the name
of the place is called n Gilgal unto this
day. 10 f And the children of Ifrael en

camped in Gilgal, and ° kept the paffover *%?fa
on the fourteenth day of the month at 0 Exod. «i. Num."
1 t t ¦¦ r T • 1 lx- *cllr- XXX.
even 111 the plains' of Jericho. xxM-
1 1 And they did eat ofthe old corn of
the land on the morrow after the paflbver
p unleavened cakes, and parched corn in p eZciI'z6!^.
the felf-fame day.
1 2 ^[ And the manna * ceafed on the q£££%5*"
morrow after they had eaten of the old
corn of the land ; neither had the chil
dren of Ifrael manna any more : r but they r ^'.K-'o1.0^
did eat ofthe fruit ofthe land of Canaan
that year.
1 2 % And it came to pafs, when Jofhua
was by Jericho, that he s lifted up his eyes
and looked, and, behold, there ftood ' a
man over againft him with his fword
drawn in his hand : and Jofhua went
unto him, and faid unto him, Art thou
for us or for our adverfaries ?
1 4 And he faid, Nay; but as u captain "Sfeg^S
ofthe hoft of the Lord am I now come. £="'»• i- &4'-
And Jofhua x fell on his face to the earth, x see eCn. 17.3,, 7.
and did worfhip, and faid unto him, jTii!' ft-k.'S".
^What faith my Lord unto his fervant? y,sam.3.9.Aa.
1 5 And the captain of the Lord's hoft 9' 6
faid unto Tofhua, z Loofe thy fhoe from 2 3*° 1&?: *ais4J'
*} J 1 Pet. z. i. 2 Pet
off thy foot, for the place whereon thou ^filt^t
flandeft is holy. And Jofhua did fo.

Rev. 21. 22, 2J. Si
7. 16, 17.

II. Neh. 9. 25.

s Gen. 18. 2. ft' 35.
1,5. Dan.b. 3: Sc
10.5.
t See Exod. 23. 23.
Zech. 1. 8. Dan.
ic. c. Gen. 32.24,
Rev. I. 13. ch. 6.
2. Deut. 9. 3. Mic.
2. IJ.

CHAP.

VI.

The Canaanites of Jericho trufting their fafety to the
ftrength of their walls, we have here (i j The di
reclion which Chriji, as Captain of the Hebrew hoft,
gave to Jofhua for the extraordinary fiege of that
city, and Jofhua' s report of it to the people ; 1—7.
( 2 ) The trial of the Ifraelites' patience in walking
round it fix days, and fix times on the feventh, without
any apparent fuccefs; 8 — 15. (3) The miracu
lous delivery of it info their hands on the feventh day \
and a direclion to ufe it, and every thing in it, as a
thing devoted under a curfe to the Lord; 15 — 21,
24. (4) The prefervation of Rahab and her rela
tions, according to her late agreement with the fpies ;

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Sad is the cafe of thofe againft
whom the Lord is come up as an enemy. How can their, hearts
be courageous, or their hands he ftrong? Even his fecret terrors
can bring them into the agonies of death. The fins of parents,
often in a fearful manner, bereave their children of the feals of
God's covenant, or their happy virtue : but his mercy can remove
the reproach and plague, inhis time. And by circumcifion of their
hearts, by feafting them on the flefh and blood of his Son, by
giving them foretaftes of the heavenly joys, and manifeftations of
hirnielf as their leader and protector, he muft prepare his people

fox their fpiritual warfare. Such then as would courageoufly fight
his battles fhould firft folemnly devote themfelves to him, and aft
faith upon him, in the ufe of his facraments. But let us ufe the-
gofpel manna while we have it ; the time is at hand when it flialt
be no more offered: and let us never expect extraordinary fupplies.
when ordinary can be. had. But,, if Jefus appear for our, direction
or encouragement in doubtful or p.rilous circumftances, let us.
entertain his vifits with the utmoft reverencer purity, and the rea->
dieft obedience.

Orders relative fo the fiege of Jericho.

CHAP. VI.

Jericho taken and burnt.

Before Chrift
1451.

22 — 25. (5) Jofhua' s denunciation of a curfe upon
the man who fhould dare to rebuild this city ; 26, 27.
NOW Jericho *' was ftraitly fhut up,
a becaufe of the children of Ifrael ;
none went out, and none came in.
2 5[ And the b"LoRD faid unto Jofhua,
See, I c have given into thine hand Jeri
cho, and the king thereof, andthe mighty
men of valour.
3 And ye fhall d compafs the city, all
ye men of war, and go round about the
city once : thus fhalt thou do fix days.
4 And feven priefts fhall bear before
the ark e feveil trumpets of rams' horns :
and the feventh day ye fhall compafs the
city feven times, and the priefts fhall
blow with the trumpets-
5 And it fhall come to pafs that,. f when
they make a long blafil with the ram's
horn, and when ye hear the found ofthe
¦!r;fA££: trumpet, s all the people fhall fliout with

» Heb. did fhut uf,
and vsas fhut up,
a Ch. 4. 19. & 2. 9,
14. Pf. 27. I.

b Ch. 5. 13— IS-
c Dan. 2.21.44. cl>'
2. 11. & 1.3. & 8.
2, 8, 18. Sc IO. 8.

cl Xii m . 14. 9. 2 Cor.
4.^7. Sc 10.4, 5. &
12. 9. 1 Cor. I. 21
— 15.

e 2 Chr. 20. 17. _
Judg. 7. 16, 22.
Zech. 4. 6. 1 Cor.
1. 23,24,27. 2 Cor,
4. 7. 8c 10. 4, 5.

f Exod. 19.19. 1 Cor
1. 23, 24. 2 Cor.
jo. 4, 5.

2 Chr. 13. IS*

3.8.

i Ver. 3. & 1. 14. &
4-rj.

a great fhout ; and the wall of the city
tH*b.md,rit. fhall fall down '•'flat,- and the people
fhall afcend up every man ftraight before
him.. 6 ^[ And Jofhua the fon of Nun called
* jo^i&it w": the priefts, and faid unto them, h Take
&c.ch.4. 18. ver. f ' '
4.a«s 9. ,s.EPh. Up the ark of the covenant, and let feven
priefts bear feven trumpet&of rams' horns
before the ark of the Lord.
7 And he faid unto ' the people, Pafs
on, and compafs the city, and let him
that is armed pafs on before the ark of
the Lord.
8 ^[ And it came to pafs, when Jofhua
had fpoken unto the people, that the
feven priefts bearing the. feven trumpets
of rams' horns pafled on k before the
Lord, and blew with the trumpets : and
the ark of the covenant of the Lord fol
lowed them.
9 And the armed men went before
the priefts that blew with the trumpets,
¦£*>*>¦ zM>™&<>tS' and the + rereward came after the ark,
the priefls going on, and blowing with
¦ the trumpets.
10 And Jofhua had commanded the
people, faying, Ye fhall not fhout, nor
II make any noife with your voice, neither
fhall anyrword proceed out of your mouth,

k';. tvbefore the ark,
ch. 4. 13. ver. 7.
Num. 32. 20.

(T Heb. make yettr v oict
ttti beard.

1 until the day I bid you fhout ; then fhall
ye fliout.
1 1 So the ark of the Lord compafled
the city, going about it once : and they
came into the camp, and lodged in the
camp. 1 2 And Jofhua rofe m early in the
morning, and the priefts took up the ark
of the Lord.
13 And feven priefts, bearing {even
trumpets of rams' horns before the ark of
the Lord, n went on continually, and

Before Chrift
HS'-
I 2. Sam. 5. 23, 24.
Acts 1. 7, ro.
Luke 24. 49.

m Ch. 3. 1. Gen zzr
3. P'.nz.q. frngi
60. Eccl. 9. ic.

n Ver. 6. i Chr. if,
26. i Kin. 18. 3,12.--
blew with the trumpets : andthe armed «•' '9'

but the rere-
of the Lord, with

blowing

men went before them ;
ward came after the ark
the priefis. going on, and
the trumpets.
14 And the fecond day they compafled
the city once, and returned into the camp:
fb they did' fix days.
.1.5 ° And it came to pafs on the feventh 0lKin,M-^
day, that they rofe early about the dawrt-
ing of the day, and compafled the city
after the fame manner feven times : only
on that day they compaffed the city feven .
times.- 1 6 And it came to pafs at the feventh
time,, when the priefts blew with the
trumpets, Jofhua faid unto the people,
p Shout ; for the Lord hath, given you
the city.
17 f . And the city fhall be * accurfed, q %iT %: &£
even it and all that are therein, to the
Lord : only Rahab the harlot fhall live ;
fhe and all that are with her in the houfe,
becaufe
fent.. i£ And ye, s in any wife keep your
felves from the accurfed thing, left ye
' make yourfelves accurfed when ye take
of the accurfed thing, and make the camp
of Ifrael a curfe, and trouble it.
19 But all the filver and gold, and vef
fels of brafs and iron, are "confecrated
unto the Lord : they fhall come into the
treafury- of the Lord.
20 ^[ So the people fhouted when the
priefls blew with the trumpets : and it
came to pafs, when the people heard the
found of the trumpet, and the people

p Ver. j, 20. Judg'. 7. ¦
20—22. 2 Chr. 13.
14,15- & 20.22,23.

7. 26. Scz. 34. Je
46. 10. Mic. 4* l -, ,
If. 34- 6. Ezek.
39- 17.

fhe hid the meffengers that«we ^fA6;™^.'
Heb; 6 10. & ik
31. Jam. 2. 25.
s Rom. 12. 9. 1 The*",
5.22. Eph, 5. 11.

tCh.7. 25. Deut. 7,
26. Jon. t. 12.
Eccl. g, 13.

llHcb, h,hr:tsA\ ii
4. ij. II. 2.; ii.

A curfe on the rebuilckrs of Jericho.

JOSHUA.

Hebrews defeated*

Before Chrift
X Ver. 5. Heb. n. 30.
2 Cor. 4. 7. & 10.
4, 5. 1 Cor. I. 23,
24. Rev. H. 7—9,

yDeut. 7.2,5,16. $c
20. 16,17. & %- 34-
iXin. 20, 42. Rev.
IX. 21.

tfGh.T. i4."Hcb. ii.
31. Pf.i5.4.Prov.
20. 25.

t Heb. families.
a Deut. 2t. 10, &c.
Num. 5.2,3." & 31,
1 j. 1 Cor. 5. 12.
Eph. 2. 12.
b Ver»-t9.Mic. 4.13,

c Jnds, I. 24, 25.
Heb. 11. 31. Jam.
2. 25. ch. 2. 14.
Mat. 1. 5.

d.Num. 5. 19, 2,1.
1 bam. 14. 17.
1 Kin. 22.16. Mat.
26.63. '
e ilCin. 16. 3.4. Mal
'1.4.

rDeut.3T.6t & ch,
• i. 5. 9.
g 1 Sam. 2. jo. 2 Sam
•7.9. Mac. 14. 1.

fhout ed with a great fhout, that x the
wall fell down flat, fo that the people
went up into the city, every man ftraight
before him ; and they took the city.
2 1 And they y utterly deftroyed all that
was in the city, both man- and woman,
young and old, and ox, and fheep, and
afs.,- with the edge of the fword.
22 5T^ut Jofhua had faid unto the two
men that had fpied out the country, Go
into the harlot's houfe, and bring out
thence the woman, and all that fhe hath,
1 as. ye fware unto her.
23 And the young men that were fpies
went in, and brought out Rahab, and
her father, and her mother, and her
brethren, and all that fhe had; and they
brought out all her + kindred, and left
them a without -the camp of Ifrael.
24 And they "burnt the city with fire,
and all that was therein : only b the filver
and the gold, and the veffels of brafs and
of iron, they put into, the treafury of the
houfe of the Lord.
j .25 And Jofhua c faved Rahab the har
lot alive, and her father's houfehold, and
all that flie had ; and fhe dwelleth in
Ifrael even unto this day ; becaufe fhe. hid
the meflengers which Jofhua fent to fpy
out Jericho.
26 5f And Jofhua d adjured them at that
time, faying, e Curfed be. the man before
the Lord that rifeth up and buildeth
this city Jericho : he fhall lay the founda
tion thereof in his firft-born, and in his
youngeft fon fhall he fet up the gates of it.
27 So the Lord f was with Jofhua;
and his s fame was noifed throughout all
the country.

Before Chrift
1451.

B

CHAP. VII.
Often the ¦ moft promifing appearances' had been blafted
. to the Ifraelites by their own wickednefs : the golden
calf at Horeb ; the murmuring at Kadefh-barnea ,
the rebellion of Korah and his accomplices ; and the
iniquity of Peor ; had broken their meafures, and
given them great difiurbance. Here the fin of one
man fops their conquefts, and difcourages their fpirits.
( 1 ) Achan's covetous intermeddling with the devoted
fpoils of Jericho occafions a defeat by the men of Ai,
whom they, through fioth or felf-confidence, made but
little account of ; Ifrael is difmayed; 1 — 5. (2). Jo
fhua, not without a mixture of murmuring, humbly
remonfirates to God as to the danger which this defeat
might occafion to Ifrael, and difhonour to himfelf;
6—9. (3) God .intimates the finful caufe of his
frown, and dir efts him to purge the congregation from
it; lb — 15. (4) Achan, the facrilegious tranfgrefif-
or, is difcover ed by lot; and is tried, convi'tled, con-
demntdy and executed, with all that pertained, to him,
for the expiation of his guilt; 16 — 26.
UTthe » children of Ifrael committed "£h7"M,Ch~
a trefpafs in the accurfed thing :
for* Achan, the fon of Carmi, the fon of*0rj4fa"'-
Zabdi, the fon of Zerah, of the tribe of
Judah, took of the; b accurfed thing : and f,7°^i,cK5'
c the anger of the Lord was kindled againft c |,*|; fe.'fe ^
the children of Ifrael.
2 5f And Jofhua fent men from Jericho
to dAi, which is befide e Beth-aven, on the
eaft fide of Beth-el, and. fpake unto them,
faying, Go up and f view the country.
And the men went up and viewed Ai.~
3 And they returned to Jofhua, and
faid unto him, &Let not all the people go H"-'*-* «••*¦«<
up ; but let + about two or three thoufand + "£t"i*%,
men go up and fmite Ai; and make not
all the people to labour thither ; for they
are but few.
4 So there went up thither ofthe people
about three thoufand men ; and they h fled **": 32. 30?" "
before the men of Ai.
5 And the men of Ai fmote of them

25.3.
& 32. 10, 13.
Dent. 6. 15. & 7.
4. ch. 22. 20.
dGen.!2.8.&l3.3. ch. 12. 9. & 8. I.
If.- 10. 28.
e I Sam. 14. 23. Hof.
4, is- & c.i.Sc
10. J.
fProv. 20. i8.'&24.
6. Mat. ic.i6.£ph.
5. 25. ch. 2. 1.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — God takes a peculiar pleafure
in honouring his minifters and ordinances ; in tryiTig the faith and pa
tience of his people at their fetting forth in their fpiritual warfare; and
in fhewing them that their fuccefs is not by human might or power,
But by his Spirit. There is need therefore of patient perfeverance
in ufing the means of grace, though we fee not their immediate
good effecEt : for, if we follow God's ark, we fliall fpeed at laft,
and fee his falvation : and he can accomplifh the moft remarkable
events by the weakeft of inftruments. By the bearing" of Jefus'
name, and proclaiming his gofpel before finful men, particularly on
his fabbaths, what deftruction is made of ftrong holds of inward
corruptions, and high imaginations, deep-rooted cuftoms, and laws
of iniquity ; of heathen and popifh errors, idolatries, and fu-perfti-

tions, fupported by all the principalities and powers of hell and
earth! What in us is natural he purifies for his fervice ; and what,'
is fihful he devotes to irreparable ruin. Nor muft we murmur at
the feyerity wherewith God executes his judgments: he is juft
and righteous in all his works. They that will harden their heart"
againft him muft, when too late, find their ruin inevitable. But cer
tain and extenfive is'that falvation which is marked with the blood
ofthe Son of God! In virtue hereof, fuch as were once infamous
in wickednefs become as noted in gifts and grace. Such as in this
time of his grace fubmit to his terms of peace he will in no wife
- caft out ; and their relations fhall fhare of manifold mercies on,
their account. But dreadful and inevitable is the ruin of fuch as
attempt to rear up what God in anger hath caft down.

Jofhua mourns,
BefrV^"ft about thirty and fix men : for they chafed
 them from before the gate even unto She-
* or •« M»r«i,. bariim, and fmote them + in the going
'^Mt.tiifyi. down : wherefore ' the hearts of the people
melted, and became as water.
fcGen.jp.gYSam. 0 ^ And Jofliua k rent his clothes, and
fis5°joD'iEio.9' fell to the earth upon his face be/ore the
ark of the Lord until fhe eventide, he
1'E,'!!:'24'sam,.Mmi9.' and tne elders of Ifrael, and x put duft

CHAP. Vil.

Achin'sfn difcovered.

»7B3Zo. jonE-i.e6.' upon their heads.
Mic. I. io.

Num. II. ]
14.1
zo. 3.
> Hab. 2. 1. ch. I. s«
PI. 61. 2.

+ Heb. sleeks.

7 And Jofhua faid, Alas, O Lord
™1T£V":\\ God, ra wherefore haft thou at all brought
22.Yh!'i. 3e,Vs' this people over Jordan, to deliver us into
the hand of the Amorites, to deftroy us ?
°am4:&":?." Would to God we had been content,
'&2745.& and dwelt on the other fide Jordan !
8 O Lord, ° what fhall I fay when
Ifrael turneth their + backs before their
enemies !
9 For the Canaanites and all the in-
1 habitants of the land fhall hear of it, and
p «£ T' * !' & p fhall environ us round, and cut off our
, Exod. 32.12. Num. name from the earth: and 1 what wilt
14.17.Deut.32.27.
^9.&79.^'.,j'er: thou do unto thy great name ?
ztVuT^mt. 10 % And the Lord faid unto Jofhua,
rExod il.'s-'iCm. Get thee up ; r wherefore § lieft thou thus
15- 22. 'SC 16. I.' n 4.^ f^gp
(> Heb. fatleft. x Tji , . , r . ,
» ch. e. 18, 19. ver. JI Urael s hath finned, and they have
H^if.ms'i. alfo tranfgreffed my covenant which I
JC"i?'°*'8' commanded them : for they have even
taken of the accurfed thing, and have
alfo ftolen, and diffembled alfo, and they
have put it even among their own fluff.
t.Ti^LlT 1 2 < Therefore the children of Ifrael
ffSM^'srn\ could not ftand before their enemies, but
turned their backs before their enemies,
becaufe they were accurfed : neither will
I be with you any more, except ye de
ftroy the accurfed from among you.

a Ejtod. 19. tc. ch.
3. 5. Lani. 3. 4°*
.Zeph, 2. i, 2.

13 Up, " fan&ify the people, and fay,
Sandlify yourfelves againft to-morrow :
for thus faith the Lord God of Ifrael,
* Iciir'^Vo'fjer. x There is an accurfed thing in the midft
ic*l'zt8c&'l9: of thee, O Ifrael : thou canft not ftand
before thine enemies until ye take away
ych. j. ..&«.««. the accurfed thing from among; you.
¦Pf. 119.60. Prov. T , ° . . r r.
p','v: 27cd;.5' ,0' x4 ln y tne morning therefore ye fhall
% By !«, Prov. 16. be brought according to your tribes: and
;'i];'£"'^A|s it fhall be, that the tribe which the Lord
i',.4; li6'*' ' * taketh fliall come according to the fami-

Eefore.Chrift 1451.

lies thereof-, and the family which the
Lord fliall take fhall come by houfe- ~
holds ; and the houfehold which the
Lord fliall take fhall come man by man.
15 And it fhall be, that he that is aVw 4 ch g (
taken with the accurfed thing a fhall be && Hi?' '*'
burnt with fire, he and all that he hath :
becaufe he hath tranfgreffed the cove
nant of the Lord, and becaufe he hath
wrought folly 111 Ifrael. £&..&$.
1 6 f So Jofhua c rofe up early in the £^^,L*
morning, and brought Ifrael by their *or™vw»?&.
tribes ; and the tribe of d Tudah was ^'¦*-™-™-*
J d I Chr. 2. 4—7.
taken : Num- **• w-
17 And he brought the family of
Judah ; and he took the . family of the
Zarhites : and he brought the family of
the Zarhites man by man ; and Zabdi
was taken :
18 And he brought his houfehold man
by man; and e Achan, the foil of Carmi, * ™'tf£X£ti\
the fon of Zabdi, the fon of Zerah, of
the tribe of Judah, was taken.
19 % And Jofhua faid unto Achan,
f My fon, give, I pray thee, glory to the
Lord God of Ifrael, and make confeffion 's™\'fv?ov.
, ' 28. 13. pi. 51. 3.
unto him; and tell me now what thou &32S-
haft done ; hide /'/ not from me.
20 And Achan anfwered Jofhua, and
faid, s Indeed 1 have finned againft the g pfil°i,f&%:
O iS. & 25. 11. Jer.
Lord God of Ifrael, and thus and thus 2,">*s-
have I done :
21 When h I faw among the fpoils ah^6%l6j^Z:
goodly Babylonifh garment, and * two l^im'ri.5.'^5'
hundred fhekels of filver, and a + wedge *»L ,61'- _
of gold of * fifty fhekels weight, then I +Hd-,-*"<ru"
O • J ¦ O ' J 91 1. 55.
coveted them, and took them ; and, be
hold, they arehid in the earth in the midft
of my tent, and the filver under it.
22 So Jofhua fent meffengers, and
they ran unto the tent ; and, behold,
/'/ was hid in his tent, and the filver
under it.
23 And they took them out of the
midft of the tent, and brought them-
unto Jofhua, and unto all the children
of Ifrael, and + laid them out before rhe t Hct- /•»•*»•
Lord. 24 % And Jofhua, and all Ifrael with
him, took Achan the fon of Zerah, and

fLukci6. 25. 2Tim.
2. 25, 26. Jer. 13.
16. & 3. 12, 13.

Achin and his family foned to death.

JOSHUA.

God encour.ages Jofhua:

Before Chrift
145 I.
i Gen. iS. ic. Exod.
2/0. =;. Job 20. 23
J3r..nablvrheyh..d ci.i'.ltrciia 10 his
tiiia:.

k I Chr. 2. 7. Prov.
15. 27. Hab. 2. 9.

ch. 6. 1
iThef.

1.6.

-J Lev. 20. 2, 27. Sc
24. 14. Deut. 13.
10. 8c 17. 5. & 21.
21. &22. 21, 24.

m Ch. 8. 29. Lam. 3.
53. 2Sam. 18- 17.
ch. 3, 7. & 10. 27.
Num. 16. 40.
11 2 Sam. 21. 14.
Zech. 6. 8. Prov.
21. 3. Joel 2. 13,
18.
.-# That is, trcuble,
ver. 25. If. 6c. IC.
Hof. 2. 15.

a Deut. t. 2t. &V 7-
18. If. 12.2. & 41.
10, 15, 16 & 43.
2. ch. 1. 6, 9.

tCh. 6. 2. 8c 1. 11.
8c 10. 8. ver. 18.
Ft. 44. 3. Dan. 2.
21.

4 Ch. 6. 21. with
Bent. 3. z.

& Deut. 20. 14. Prov.
28. 20. Jer. 17. 11.
Job 27. 16, 17.

the filver, and -the garment, and the
wedge of gold, and his 'fons and his
daughters, and his oxen, and his afles,
and his fheep, and his tent, and all that
he had : and they brought them to the
valley of Achor.
25 And Jofhua faid, Why haft thou
k troubled us ? the Lord fhall trouble
thee this day. And all ifrael l ftoned
him with ftones, and burned them with
fire, after they had ftoned them with
ftones. 26 And they m raifed over him a great
heap of ftones unto this day. So the
Lord n turned from the fiercenefs of his
anger : wherefore the name of that place
was _called; The valley of ° Achor unto
this day. CHAP. VIII.
Their camp being purged, the Ifraelites return to their
-conquering work. ( i ] Direcled and encouraged by
God, Jofhua takes Ai by ambufcade and by force ;
kills the inhabitants ; hangs the king ; and divides
the fpoil to his warriors ; I — 29. (2) In obedience
to the repeated charges of Mofes his predeceffor, the
law is written on plaftered fiones at mount Ebal ;
and, after diverfified offerings to God, the bleffings
and curfes are folemnly read by the priefts, while
the affembled tribes, from mount Gerizzim and Ebal,
folemnly declare their belief of and confent to the fame;
3°— 35-
ANDtheLoRD faid untojofhua, *Fear
not, neither be thou difmayed : take
all the people of war with thee, and arife,
go up to Ai : fee, b I have given into thy
hand the king of Ai, and his people, and
his city, and his land :
2 And thou c flialt do to Ai and her
king as thou didft unto Jericho and her
king: only d the fpoil thereof, and the
cattle thereof, fhall ye take for a prey

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — How terribly a fin is facri-
lege, efpecially when it is prefumptuoufly committed! It brings
the moft tremendous plagues upon perfons and nations. One fin
ner often deftroys much good ; and becomes a plague to himfelf,
and to the focieties with which he is conne&ed. But terrors of
confeience will at laft moft furely attend indulged wickednefs : and
the attempts begun in floth or felf-confidence often iffue in fhame
and defpair. It is becoming, therefore, for the moft courageous and
intrepid to humble themfelves under the mighty hand of God, and
to tremble for fear of his difpleafure. The choiceft faints are too
ready to be overmuch difcouraged by the alarming frowns of
God's providence; and in their anguifh to utter words unadvifed!
and yet, when the honour of God, and the fafety of his people, lie

an am bufh

Before Chrifl:
e Ver. 4, 7, 9, 12,
Jude. 20. ,29.
2 Chr. 13. 13.
f See ver. I. ch. 7. 3,

unto yourfelves: lay thee
for the city behind it.
3 5T So Jofhua arofe, and f all the
people of war, to go up againft Ai : and
Jofhua chofe out thirty thoufand mighty
men of valour, and fent them away s by
night. 4 And he commanded them, faying,
Behold, ye fhall lie h in wait againft the
city, even behind the city: go not very
far from the city, but be ye all ready :
5 And I, and all the people that are
with me, will approach unto the city : and
it fhall come to pafs, when they come
out againft us, as at the firft,- ' that we
will flee before them
6 (For they will come out after us) till
we have f" drawn them from the city;
for k they will fay, They flee before us as ^.IV^'

g Mat. 24.35, 43, 44.,
¦ 1 Thef. 5. 2, 3.
z Pet. 3. 10. Rev.
16. IS-

h Or in amhuft;, Eccl,
7. 19. Pf. 112. 5. -
ver. 2, 9, 19, 21,
22.

Eccl. 9. 18. & 7. 19.
Judg. 20. 21, 32.
Mat. 10. 16.

i Heb. pulled.

therefore we will flee before

at the firft
them. 7 Then l ye fhall rife up from
ambufh, and feize upon the city: for the
Lord your God will deliver it into your
hand. 8 And it fhall be, when ye have taken

Eccl. 8. 11.

, 1 1 Eccl. 9. jo. lKia,
the. ». is.

m fet the City On m Profit, ver. 28.
commandment of
See, I have com-

the city, that ye fliall
fire: according to the
the Lord fhall ye do.
manded you.
9 % Jofhua therefore fent them forth :
and they went to lie in ambufh, and
abode between ° Beth-el and Ai, on the
weft fide of Ai : but Jofhua lodged that
night among the people.
10 And Jofhua p rofe up early in the
morning, and numbered the people, and
went up, he and the elders of Ifrael,
before the people to Ai.

n Ch. 1. ifi. 1 Sam.
13. 28.

0 Gen. 18. 10. Sc 12.
8.&31.13.&}!. 1,3,6. ch.7. 2. Se
16. 1, 2. Juilg. 1.
22. Sc 4. s- I Sara.
7. 16. & 10. 3.
1 Kin. 12. 29, 33.
2 Kin. 23. 15—19.
pCh.6. 12. &7. 16.
&3. 1. Pf. 101.8.
Jer. 48. 10. Pf.
119. 60. Eccl. 9.
10. a Cor. 6.2.

neareft their heart, a proper forrow in fuch a ftate is highly be
coming. With impartial care, and proper expedition, fhould ruin
ous fcandals and crimes be inquired into, and animadverted upon,
for the prefervation cf churches and nations. If we do not deftroy
fin it .will deftroy us. And it is. mad to indulge ourfelves in fecret
wickednefs, when God can fo eafily bring it to light in the moft:
public and fliameful manner. It is defirable, yea, even hopeful,
when criminals are brought to a candid and kindly confeflion of their.
fin : and yet it is neceiTary to have their puniftiment as public and
ftriking* as poflible, that others may fee, and hear, and fear to do
fuch things : yea, in fome cafes to keep up the ftanding memo
rials of it.

Jtojbua s ffratagein againf Ai*

CHAP. VIII.

'fhe city taken, and fpoil divided-

Before Chrift
1451.

% Thefe were iddeii
to tke iprmer, Qr
let in another am-

Ver. 9.
|) 9rtf.4

1 1 And'all the people, even the people of
war that were with him, went up, and
drew nigh, and came before the city, and
pitched on the north fide of Ai: now
there was a valley between them and
Ai. 1 2 And he took about q five thoufand
buftonthe&nie men, and fet them to lie in ambufh
fide of the cuy. 7 . r\ r 1
between Beth -el and Ai, on the weft fide
11 of the city.
1 3 And when they had fet the people,
even all the hoft that was on the north of
'E&Si^t" the city, and r their liers in wait on the
gc,.,.i,JSW. weft of ^ city? Jojrhua wenf. that night
into the midft of the valley.
14 % And it came to pafs, when the
king of Ai faw it, that they hafted and
SVer.,6,.s. rQfe ^ ear1y^ 3^ s fhg men Q£ j^g ^^
went out againft Ifrael to battle, he and
all his people, at a time appointed, before
^Ifi'sam5,"!" t^ie P^n ' but kg ' knew not that there
pA^fit" were liers in ambufh againft him behind
the city'.
1 5 And Jofhua and all Ifrael made as
if they were beaten before them, and fled
by the way of the wildernefs.
16 And all the people that were in Ai
were called together to purfue after them :
and they purfued after Jofhua, and were
x »'9Exok.JMg3,": x drawn away from the city.
jsinVi+vens, 17 And there was riot a ? man left in
y soldier, ver. 24, Ai or Beth-el j that went not out after
*5.j°b5.,3. ;[jfraei. and they left the city open, and
purfued after Ifrael.
18 And the Lord faid unto Jofhua,
Stretch out the fpear- that is in thy hand
toward Ai ,; for I will give it into thine
^',J7'"'^hand. And Jofhua l ftretched out the
fpear that he had in his hand toward the
-city. 19 And the ambufh arofe quickly out
of their place, and they ran as foon as, he
had ftretched out his hand : and they
entered into the city, and took it, and
hafted and fet the city on fire.
20 And when the men of Ai looked
^c«n.»9. 28, rct. behind them they faw, and, behold, the
kHeb.*w,pf.48. "frnoke of the city afcended up. to heaven ;
and they had no b power to flee this way
or that way : and the £ people that fled

judg. 16. zo.

1 Ch. 18. 12. & 15. u
£1. & 16. 1. Mat.
3- 1- £ * »•

5. & 76.5. & 104:
iS- Job Ii, 20.
Amos 1. 14.
Ver. 15,
Vol.

I.

to the wildernefs turned back upon the
purfuers. 21 And when Jofhua and all Ifrael
faw that the ambufh had taken the city,
and that the fmoke of the city afcended,
then they turned again, and flew the men
of Ai.
22 And the other iflued out of the
city againft them ; fo they were in the
-midft of Ifrael, fome on this fide, and
fome on that fide : and they fmote them,

Before Chrift
145'-

fo that thev d let none of them remain or <« »eut. 7. s. Ch. ts.
j 21. & 10. 28 — 40.
SC II. II, 12. '
Amos 2. 13. Job
20. 5. & 24. 24.
e Ch. 10. 22, 25.
1 Sam. 15. 8. Rev.
19, 20.

efcape. 23 f eAnd the king of Ai they took
alive, and brought him to Jofhua.
24 And it came to pafs, when Ifrael
had made an end of flaying all the inha
bitants of Ai in the field, in the wilder-:
nefs wherein they chafed them, and when
they were all fallen on the edge of the
fword until they were confumed, that all
the Ifraelites Returned unto Ai, and fmote ^^"a^lz,
it with the edge of the fword. !i,'£,'39'
25' And fo it was, that all that fell
that day, both of men and women, were
twelve thoufand, even all the men of *Ai. s?7n.dB"hd>™
26 For Jofhua hdrew not his hand back, "y«-«8-E«»>-»r.
wherewith he ftretched out the fpear,
until he had utterly deftroyed all the in
habitants of Ai.
27 » Only the cattle and the fpoil of1^.3""'16'
that city Ifrael took for a prey unto them
felves, according unto the word of the
Lord which he commanded Jofhua.
28 And Jofhua burnt Ai, and made it
an heap k for ever, even a defolation unto k^£Si!S:
this day.
29 And the king of Ai he l hanged on lPMc,.Vl°l
y ., . V \ r .1 Deut. 21. 23. Acts
a tree until eventide : and as foon as tne 12. 23. Rev. 19.17;
fun was down Jofhua commanded that
they fhould take his carcafe down from
the tree, and caft it at the entering of the
gate of the citv, and m raife thereon a msti]:iztf:fcl
great heap of ftones, that remaineth unto
this q3.^t
30 f Then Jofhua n built an altar unto » $?'i£«? * "
the Lord God of Ifrael in mount Ebal,
31 As Mofes the fervant ofthe Lord
commanded the children of Ifrael, as it is
written in the book of the law of Mofes,
U u

-?.
& 27. 5, 6. tool.
20. 24, 25.

Jofhua inculcates the laws of Mofes.

JOSHUA.

Stratagem of the Gibeonites'

B«fo« chrm an altar of whole ftones, over which no
man hath lifted up any iron : and they
n\^.tn.'sSSf ° offered thereon burnt-offerings unto the
ia'24' Lord, and facrificed peace-offerings.
p sTlilWlil 3 2 And he p wrote there upon the ftones
34' "' a copy of the law of Mofes, which he wrote
in the prefence of the children of Ifrael.
,Deut.27.n, i.sc 23 And ^ all Ifrael, and their elders,
and officers, and their judges, ftood on
this fide the ark and on that fide before
the priefts the Levites, who bare the ark
of the covenant of the Lord, as well,
'' S0^ Nuni.^' r the ftranger as he that was born among
them; half of them over againft mount
Gerizzim, and half of them over againft
mount Ebal; as Mofes the fervant of the
Lord had commanded before, that they
fliould blefs the people of Ifrael.
» uoh. s. 1-3. 34 And after wards* he read all the words
* &*8.x££1r*7' of the law, the ' bleffings and curlings,
according to all that is written in the book
of the law.
35 There was not a word of all that
Mofes commanded, which Jofhua read
not before all the congregation of Ifrael,
¦WiSLl.t u with the women, and the little ones,
»,ha. wM,d. and the ftrangers that "•" were converfant
among them.

CHAP.

IX.

Here, ( I ) While moft of the Canaanites form a con
federacy againft Ifrael, the Gibeonites, pretending to
have come from a far country, and to have a remark
able regard for their God, obtain a covenant of
fafety, if not of friendfliip, with them; I — 15.
(2) Having difcovered the fraud, the common people
of Ifrael are difpleafed tvith their princes for making
the league: but the matter is adjusted to the fatisf ac
tion of all parties, by fparing the lives ofthe Gibeon
ites, according to the covenant made with them, and
yet depriving them of their liberty, and condemning

them to the mofi fervile employment of God's taberna- m^re chr'a
cle or temple, to punifh their fraud; 16—27. 145>'

AND it came to pafs, when all the
kings which were a on this fide ^JtciUf^i
Jordan, in the hills, and in the valleys, v"1'
and in all the coafts of the. great fea over
againft Lebanon, b the Hittite, and the .*¦$%¦.%%%•
Amorite,the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the tc^'io.™''7'
Hivite, and the Jebufite, heard thereof;
2 That they c gathered themfelves to- '^'l**;*,0*'
gether to fight with Jofhua and with ^V6'14'^
Ifrael with one * accord.
3 5T And when the , inhabitants of

* Heb. mvth,.

d Gibeon heard what Jofhua had done d^d°**rh*i"1*>
unto Jericho and to Ai, lC°'-1 '6-"''
4 They did work c wilily , and went and e » A^iih oSL '
made as if they had been ambafladors, H'vIlumm,
and took old facks upon their afles, and
wine bottles, old, and rent, and bound
up; 5 And old fhoes and clouted upon their
feet, and old garments upon them; and
all the bread of their provifion was dry
and mouldy.
6 And they went to Jofhua unto the
camp at Gilgal, and faid unto him, and
to the men of Ifrael, We be come f from f Deut- *»• »>-»*
a far country : now therefore make ye a
league with us.
7 And the men of Ifrael faid unto the
g Hivites, Peradventure ye dwell among * Ch- "• '9-
us; and hhow fhall we make a league hIx°'!-f,3-,?J-»-
with you? 2^20.16. Num.
"VA/p i Deut. 20. 11. Efth.
r "- 7.4.Gen.9.2S,26.

8 And they faid unto Jofhua,
are thy fervants. And Jofhua faid unto
them, Who are ye ? and from whence

come ye

?

k Deut. 20. -15. If.
. Neh. 9. 5.

9 And they faid unto him, From foa very f -J,-.9^ 8'*-r

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — Learn, my foul, that when
ever I put away the accurfed thing I may expetSt comfort from
God : and that fuch as honour God with the firft-fruits of their
fubftance are gainers at laft ; while thofe who greedily grafp the
Lord's fhare become inconceivable lofers : that all the people of
God ought to ftrive together in their fpiritual warfare : that pru
dence and caution are as neceffary as ftrength to enfure fuccefs :
that well-timed yielding procures victory, as well as paciSes great
offences: and that divine affurances of fuccefs infpire men with
courage and boldnefs, notwithftanding former difeppointments.
Let me here behold how God qualifies his armies, and infatuates
his enemies. Short is the rejoicing of the wicked ; and the pro
fperity of fools'will deftroy them. But they who fight the Lord's
battles receive their glorious reward, when the end- of ringleaders

in prefumptuous rebellion againft the Lord is in fhame and confu-
fion. — Whatever then God requires me to do, let me do it with
all my might. Never let my covenanting with God be deferred
till I am fettled in the world: and let no carnal concern hinder my
regard to the one thing needful. If I am in the way of my duty
God will grant me fpecial protection. While I ferve God with
his own, and depend on the atonement of his Son as the founda
tion of all my reconcilement and relation, to him, and fellowfhip
with him — while I heartily believe and confent to his will — let
me do every thing in his worfhip exadrJy according- to his pre
fcriptions ; and be careful that my wife, children, and fervants,
be acquainted with his word, and attending on his worfhip, as we'll
as myfelf.

e

athcrwg of the
lentilet toChrift.

f Heb. in/

7 'heir fuccefs in it.
Befo« chrift fa country thy fervants are come becaufe
icTT^oTSd. of the name of the Lord thy God : ' for
IpAU: we have heard the fame of him, and all
26. Col. i. 26, 27. .
2?$5SfE.-that he dld in Egypt*
10 And all that he did to the two
kings of the Amorites, that were beyond
Jordan, to Sihon king of Hefhbon, and
to Og king of Balhan, which was at
Afhtaroth. n Wherefore our elders and all the
inhabitants of our- country fpake to us,
>mhmd- faying, Take victuals f with you for the
journey, and go to meet them, and fay
unto them, We are your fervants : there
fore now make ye a league with us.
1 2 This our bread we took hot for our
provifion out of our houfes on the day
we came forth to go unto you ; but now,
behold, it is dry, and it is mouldy :
13 And thefe bottles of wine which we
filled were new, and, behold, they be
rent: and thefe our garments and our
flioes are become old by reafon ofthe very
long journey.
t oiitnr««wA 1 4 And + the men took of their victuals,
WZriiet'uZ' amj m afkej not counfel at the mouth of
¦n Jilted. »8. 30. . 1 -r
Num. 27.21. Deut. the JLord.
1 5 And Jofhua B made peace with them,
and made a league with them, to let them
live : and
tion fware unto them
16 5T And it came to pafs, ° at the
2MST" end, of three days after they had made a
league with them, that they heard that
they were their neighbours, and that they
dwelt among them.
1 7 And the children of Ifrael journeyed,
and came unto their cities on the third
Now their cities were p Gibeon,
,cnr.38. and Chephirah, and Beeroth, and q Kir
jath-jearim. , 18 And the children of Ifrael r fmote
them not, becaufe the princes of the con-
unto them by the

CHAP. IX.

League made with the Gibeonites*

27. 41. 1 Sim. 23.
0. & 50. 7, 8- Ezra
8. zi. iChr. TO,
14. If. 30. 2.
rt Ch. 2. 12— ig. &
6- 22 — 25. D>eut.
tr. to 2 Sam. zt.
3— J4.jer.l8. 7, 8.
£ The princes being
rcprefentatives, their oath bound

0 Prov. 12. 19.

the princes of the congrega-

p Ch. 15. 60. & 10. (Jay
2,4, 12. & 18.25, J
z6. 2 Sam.
& 20. 8.
29. & 21. 29,
1 Kin. j. 5.
«; Ch. 15. <), 60. &
18. 14. 1 Sam. 7. 1
iChr. 13. 5. ¦

r iSam. 21.7. Eccl.
o. 2. Pf. 15. 4.
Prov. 20. 25.

gregation had fworn

Lord God of Ifrael. And all the congre
gation • murmured againfl the princes.
1 9 But all the princes faid unto all the
congregation, We 'have fworn unto them
by the Lord God of Ifrael : now there
fore we may not touch them.
20 This we will do to them; we will
even let them live, left " wrath be upon
us, becaufe of the oath which we fware
unto them.
21 And the princes faid unto them,
Let them live ; but * let them be hewers
of wood and drawers of water unto all the
congregation ; as the princes had y pro
mifed them.
22 ^F And Jofhua called for them, and
he fpake unto them, faying, Wherefore
have ye beguiled us, faying, We are very
far from you ; when ye dwell among us ?
23 Now therefore ye are l curfed, and
there fhall § none of you be freed from
being bond-men, and hewers of wood
and drawers of water for the houfe of
my God.
24 And they anfwered Jofhua, and faid,
Becaufe it was certainly told thy fervants
how that the Lord thy God a commanded
his fervant Mofes to give you all the land,
and to deftroy all the inhabitants of the
land from before you ; therefore we were
fore afraid of our fives becaufe of you,
and have done this thing.
25 And now, behold, we are in thine
hand: as it feemeth good and right unto
thee to do uttto us, do.
26 And fo did he unto them, and
b delivered them out of the hand of the
children of Ifrael, that they flew them
not. 27 And Jofhua c made them that day
hewers of wood and drawers of water for
the congregation, and for the altar of the
Lord, even unto this day, in d the place
which he fhould choofe.

Befo e Chrift
'451-
5 Rom. 10. 2. ch. 22.
12. John 12. 5.
t 2 Sam, 21. I, z.
EiCic. 17. 13, 10.
Pf.15. 4. Pri.v.20.
25. JuJg. II. 35.
& 21. 5,7.

u Prov. 20.25. Zech.
;. 3,4. Ma). 3. j.
Je. 4 2. Eccl.o. 2.
fc*ek. 17. 13, 19.

x Deut. 29. 11. ver.
22,23. 1 Chr. 9. 2.
Ezra 2. .5, 58. Sc
8. 17, io. Neh. j.
26. Sc 10. 2b.
y Ver. 15.

z Gen.o. 25,26. Lev.
27. 23, 29.
t, ttea.- ri't be cut iff
/rmijtu.TlvuiGod b ought them,
though accurfed
Gentile?, near to
hi* altar.

aDcut.7.T,2.&20. 16. Kxod.23. 31—
33. c> 34.12. Num.
3J 52, Si-

b Ver. i3, Vj..

c Whence they are
called Nethiriiln!,
i. e. givm, 1 Chr.
0. 2. E2ra 8. 20.
Ice ver. 21.

dDcut. 12. 5 — 21. Sc
16. 2— ia. ch. IS.
I. 2 Chr. 6.6.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — While the people of God
are bufied in their facred devotions, the wicked of the world are
often occupied in plotting or attempting .their deftruclion. And,
while infatuated with malice and revenge, they are generally una
nimous againft God, his caufe and people, i But God, in threat
wifdom and kindnefs, commonly reftrains the more formidable
attacks of his enemies till he has prepared his people to receive

them. When alarmed by God's mighty works in favour of his
chofen, men are fometimes' ready to folicit their friendfhip, even by.
hypocrify. and deceit; while thofe,. who pretend to do us moft ho-,
nour, are inwardly the readieft to impofe upon us. Pretences of
religion and antiquity are fnares extremely deceiving; and, when
perfons have once begun to lie, it is hard to fay where they may
ilop. Good men may often be deceived by, fuch pretences ; fur.
U « 2'

IVhile God qffifts by hail, and the

J D S H V A. fandingfliliof the fun, J*fim: Conquers.

Aefore Chrift
1451. _

aCh.I5-S,63-Jt"lg' 1. 21. & 19. 10.
I Sam. 17. S4-
2 5am. 5. 6. Cc 20.
3. Ff. 122. 3.
j Kin. 11. 13.
2 Chr. 6. 6. Pf. 68.
29. & 12;. 1, 2. &
132. 13.&IO2.21.
b Ch. 8. 2, 20. & 6.
21, 24. & 9. 3— 27.

c Ch. 2. II. Sc 5.
Pf.48.5,6.

I Heb. cities tftbt
kingdom.

i Ch. 12. 10—16. &
15- 3Si 39) 54t"3.

e Gen. 23. I. & 35.
27. Num. 13. 22.
en. 14. 15. Sc 20. 7.
2 Sam. 2. I, II.
2 Chr. 11.10.
f Ch. 15. 39. 2 Kin.
14. 19. 8c 18. 14,
17. 2 Chr. 1 J. 9.
Jer. 34. 7. Mic. 1.
J3-
£ Mat. 16. 24. Acts
9. 23. 2T1111. 3.
12. 1 Pet. 4. 4. Pf.
69.7.
h Gen. 14. 9, Rev.
17.j4.8fl6. 14. &
10. 8, 9, Eccl. 4, 4.
If. 59. 15.

CHAP. ~K.
( 1 ) No foone'r have 'the Gibeonites become IfraeTs fer
vants, than five of the moft powerful kirigs in the
fouthern parts of Canaan 'enter into a league to de
fray them; I — 5. (2) At the Gibeonites' reqttefi,
Jofhua 'marches to their re'lref, and, affiftett by a ter
rible hail form, 'eafily routs the forces if the confede
rate kings; 6 — -11. (3) While, the fuii find moon
at his requefi miraculoufly ftand fill, he. purfues and
'kilts the Canaanites, and, after 'mark's of 'difgrde'e, he
hangs their kings; 12' — 27. {4) He takes fix royal
cities ; Makkedah, Libnah, Lachijh, Eglon, Hebron;
and Debir ; flays all their inhabitants, and the Ge-
zerites who came to the affiftance of Lachifh, an^
brings t'he whole Country a'rduhd under the phiver ™
Ifrael; 28— -42.
OW it came to pafs-, when Adbni-
zedeck king of a Jerufalem Md heard
b how Jofhua had taken Ai, and had
utterly deftroyed it ; as he had doile to
Jericho and. her king1, fo he had dto'rie to
Ai and her king; atidhowthe inhabitants
of Gibeon had made peace With Ifrael,
and were among them ;
2 That they c feared greatly, becaufe
Gibeon Was a great city, as ©he of the
* royal cities, and becaufe it was greater
than Ai, and all the men thereof were
mighty. 3 Wherefore d Addni-zedeek king of
Jerufalem fent unto Hohafrn Mn-g\ of
'Hebron, and unto Piram king 6f Jar
muth, and unto Japhia king of i Lachifh,
and unto Debir king of Eglon, faying-,
4 Come up unto me, and help me, that
we may fmite Gibeon : g for it hath made
peace with Jofhua and with the children
of Ifrael.5 h Therefore the five
Amorites, the king of Jerufalem-, the king
of Hebron, the king 6f Jarmuth, the king
of Lachifh, the king of Eglon, gathered
themfelves together, and went up, they
and all their hofts, and encamped before
Gibeon, and made war againft it.

kings of the

the wifdom of the ferpent, even in them, is not always joiiied wifh
tlie harmleffnefs of the dove. And thofe who are honeft them
felves, and forward in their actions, are more apt to be impofed
on by folemn pretences to religion, and appearance's of fiitiple ho-
nefty, efpecially when they do no't acknowledge the Lord, that he
may diredt their paths. Covenants once rriace mould be fulfilled
with tertdernefs : and great care ought to be talteh that peace and
fidelity may go hand in hand. But how amazing are the difpen-.
fations of providence, in the fuperabounding of gracte Where fin did
8

feefc-Ve Chrflt
145 1.

ga-

he

I. ver. 7, Oj,

ll CH. 9, 15, 24 1;,
Pf JO. 15. & &
16. ic 3. 1, 2.

lPf. 125. 2. ch. 2r.
ir. LuEte 1. 391
yer. 40.

5-9- 103. 13, 14, 18. 11.
41. 10, 15, 16.

6 f And the men Of Gibeon felit UritO
Jofhua to the camp to * Gilgal,. faying, fcTT^
k Slack not thy band from thy fervants; 's'4!
come up to us quickly, and fav'e us, arid
help us : for all the kirigs of the Amorites
that dwell in ' the mountains are
thered together againft us.
7 So Jofhua afcended from Gilgal $
and all the people of war with him,
all tne mighty men of valour.
8 ^[ And the Lord faid unto Jofhua*
mFear them not: for I have delivered m££ZZ'?-£
them into thine hand ; there lhall not a
man of them ftand befoie thee*
9 Jofhua therefore came unto them
fu'ddenly-,*^ went up from Gilgal all
n night. 10 Andthe Lord " difcomfited t-hiehi
before Ifrael, -and flew them with -a great
phter at Gibeon-, ^nd chafed them
the way that goeth up to * Bet-h-
horoii', an?d fmote them to q Azekahi, and
unto r -Makkedah.
1 1 And it . came to pafs, as they fled
from before Ifrael, ^thfd were in the -tOing
down to Beth-horon, that the Lord scaft
down + great ftones from heaven upoii
them unto A^ekah, fend they died: ^hey%'u';^ma^'
Wert more who died with hailftones than
theyv/hota. the ehiMfen of Ifrael flew with
the fword.
1 2 ^ Then fpake Jofhua to the Lord
m the day when the LoRb delivered up
the Amorites before the children of Ifrael-,

11 z Tim. 2. 3. Eccl.
9. 10. Jer. 48. io~
0 If. 28. 21. 2 Chr.
14. 12. Pf. 44. ji.
&78.55.&68.12, 14.

o
along

p Ver. 11. ch. 16. j^
& lS.TJ, I4.&2U
22. i^Sam. 13. 18.
I Kin. 9. 17. 1 Chr.
7.24.
^Ver. ii.aChr. ii.
9. Jer. 34. 7.
r Ver. 16, 11,28: ch*..
i;. 16. & tj. 43.
s Judg. 5. zo. Pf. it.
6. it 18.13. & 77,
lSL Rev. 16. h.
Heb. ro. ft.

t Jam. 5. 16, 17. if.
28.21. Hab. 3. if,

and he ' faid in the fight of Ifrael, Sun,
+ ftand thou ftill upon Gibeon; and thou, t Hrt." *'/?«(.
Moon-, in the valley of Ajalon.
13 And the fun ftood ftill, and the moon
flayed, until the people had 'avenged
themfelves upon their enemies. Zr not
this written in the book of u Jafher ? So
the fun ftood ftill in the midft of heaven,

u Or 'the u[.^ht.,
2Sani.l. 18. S'um.
ii. T4. It feems
to have been an "
umnfpfcedhiltory.

much abbulid ! By fraud Jac'bb obtained the "Helling, which con
fecrated him and his feed to be the peculiar people of God : and by
fraud thefeatcu-rfed Gentiles of Gibeon o'Btained'a covenant, wffich
iffued in their attendance on the, courts of God, as figures of the
gathering of the nations to Chrift and his gofpel-church. Him that
cometh to Chrift he will in no wife caft out: and if he receive us
we need never dorhplain o£ thfe crofs which he lays on us. If we
ferve hirti we may blefs the day invVyhich carnal liberty is exchanged
for fpiritual fubjednon.

Jdfhua. defroys Makkedah,

CHAP. X.

Libnah, Lachifh, and Gezet

before Chrift
H51-.. .

and hafted not to go down about a whole
day. 14 And there x was no day like that
before it or after it, that the Lord heark
ened unto the voice of a man : for the
Lord fought for Ifrael.
1 5 And y Jofhua returned, and all Ifrael
with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.
1 6 f But thefe five kings l fled, and
hid themfelves in a cave at a Makkedah.
j 7 And it was told Jofhua, faying, The
five kings aire found hid
Makkedah. 18 And Jofhua faid, b Roll great ftones
upon the mouth ofthe cave, and fet men
by it for to keep them : •
19 And c flay ye not, but pur fue after
0Hcb.«tftf?&a>7. your enemies, and I' fmite the hindmoft
of them ; fuffer them riot to enter into
their cities: for the Lord your God hath
delivered them into your hand.
20 And it came to pafs, when Jofhua
and the children of Ifrael had made an
end of flaying them with a very great
flaughter, till they were confumed, that
the reft which remained of them entered
into fenced cities,
2 1 Arid all the people returned to the
Camp to Jofhua at Makkedah in peace :
any of

xlf. 38. 8. 2 Kin.
20. io, 11.

y Ch. 4. 19. vet
43-

I Pf. 48. 4. If. 2. 21,
22. Rev. 6. 15 —
17. Amos 9. 2.
a Ch. 12. 16. Sc 15.
4'-

b Ver. 22. Amos q.
r— 3. Job 21. 30.
Prov. 1. 31. & 13.
21. Pf. 140. n.

e Jer. 48. 10. Pf. 18.
37—41-

Beforc Chrift

do to all your enerriies againft whom ye _fj*sd
fight. 26 And afterward Jofhua fniote them,
and flew them, and « hanged them on five ?|%s'??:,|:t
trees: and they were hanging upon the f.iZ'*' 4iB*
trees until the evening.
27 And it came to pafs, at the tirrie of
the going down of the fun, that Jofhua
commanded, and they took them, down
off the trees, and caft them into the cave
wherein they had been hid, and laid
iij 1 cave at^1 great ftones in the cave's mouth, which ^saLlis*.*;29-
remain until this very day.
28 % And that day Jofhua took Makke
dah, and fmote it with the edge of the
fword, and the king thereof he utterly
deftroyed, ! them, and all the fouls that ic,^St
i • 1 1 % ticut. 20. 16, 17.
were therein ; he let none remain : and
he did to the king of Makkedah as he did
unto the king of Jericho.
29 5T Then Jofhua paffed frofri Mak
kedah, and all Ifrael with him, unto
k Libnah, and fought againft Libnah :
30 And the Lord delivered it alfo, and
the king thereof, into the hand of Ifrael ;

* 7- *> J6-

4 Exo<f. tr. 7. Judg.
II. IS-

tongue

againft

"none moved his
the children of Ifrael.
22 % Then, faid Jofhua, Open the
cave, and bring out thofe

mouth of the

five kings unto me out of the cave.
23 And they did {o, and brought forth
thofe five kings unto him out of the
cave ; the king of Jerufalem, the king of
Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king
of Lachifh, and thg king of Eglon.
24 And it came to pafs, when they
brought out thofe kings unto Jofhua, that
Jofhua called for all the men of Ifrael,
and faid unto the captains of the men of
war which went with him, Come near,
c put your feet 'upon the necks of thefe
kings. And they came near, arid put their
feet upon the necks of them.
25 And Jofhua faid unto the-rn, ¦ Fear
$£$&,% not' nor be difmayed ; be ftrong and of
'"""¦V ?ond munw for thus fhall the Lord

20. pr. 15.

t»Jud2. 4.&9I.13.8, 9. II. 26. 6. Mal.
4. 3. Rom. 10. 20.

tgi.i3.&i45.

/ 1 Sam. 17. 37. Pf.
tit. 9. & 77. 11.
2 Cor. 1. 10.

ch. & S.
7i*i

good courage:

k Ch. 15. 42. Sc 2T.
13/2 Kin. 8. 22. &
jg. 8. not that
Num. 33. 20, 21,

and he fmote it with the edge of the

king

fword, arid all the fouls that were therein :
he let noiie remain in it : but did unto
the king thereof as he did unto the
of Jericho.
31 f And Jofhua pafled from Libnahy,
and all Ifrael with him, Unto l Lachifh,
and encamped againft it,, and fought
againft it :
32 And the Lord delivered Lachifh
into the hand of Ifrael, who took it on
the § fecond day, and fmote it with the
edge of the fword, and all the fouls that
were therein, according to all that he had
done to Libnah.
23 % Then Horam king of mGezer
came up to help Lachifh ; and Jofhua
fmote him and his people, until he had
left him none remaining;.
34 % And from Lachifh Jofhua pafled
unto a Eglon, and all Ifrael with him ; and
they encamped againft it, arid fought
againft it :
25 And they took it on that day, and'
fmote it with the edge of the fword ; arid

lVer.3,5.ch.i2.it. & 15. jQ. 2 Chr.
lY. 9. 2 Kin. 10. a.

$ After they laidV..
fiege to it.

in Ch. 12. 12. & r6,
3, 10. Judg. 1. 19*
iChr. 20. 4. 1 Kin.
9. 16, 17.

n Ver. 3, 5. ch. it.
-jl. Sc 15. 39.

Jofhua defrays Eglon and Debir:

JOSHUA. fubdues the northern kingdoms of Canaan.

Before Chrift
« Jhilled down as
men do buildings,
Lev. 26. 44. Job
19. 10.

|> Ver. j.ch. 14. ij
&15. S4.'&4i.i3
Gen. ij. 18. Nam
ij. 22, zSam. 5, 1
5. & Jj. 9, 10.

all the fouls that were therein he utterly
0 deftroyed that day, according to all that
he had done to Lachifh.
36 % And Jofhua went up from Eglon,
and all Ifrael with him, unto p Hebron ;
and they fought againft it :
2f And they took it, and fmote it with
the edge of the fword, and the king
thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all
the fouls that were therein : he left none
remaining; according to all that he had
clone to , Eglon ; but deftroyed it utterly,
and all the fouls that were therein.
38 ^[ And Jofhua returned, and all
« £¦.,?«?;£* Ifrael with him, to'* Debir; and fought

againft it :

king

39 And he took it, and the
thereof, and all the cities thereof; and
they fmote them with the edge of the
fword, and utterly deftroyed all the fouls
that were therein ; he left none remain
ing : as he had done to Hebron, fo he
did. to Debir, and to the king thereof ;
as he had done alfo to Libnah, and to her
king. 40 % So Jofhua r fmote all the country
of the hills, and of the fouth, and of the
vale, and of the fprings, and all their
he left none remaining, but ut
terly deftroyed all s that breathed, 'as the
7i!i'"ix°^,I' Lord God of Ifrael commanded.
41 And Jofhua fmote them from
u Kadefh-barnea even unto x Gaza, and
all the country of y Gofhen even unto
Gibeon. 42 l And all thefe kings and their land
did Jofhua take at one time ; becaufe the
Lord God of Ifrael fought for Ifrael.
43 And Jofhua returned, and all Ifrael
with him, unto a the camp to Gilgal.

T He conqueredwhat
fell to the lot of
Judah, Simeon,
Benjamin, and
Dan. ch. 15. 21 —
63. & 18. 21 — 28.
Sc 19. 1—8, 40—
48.
6 Of mankind. Pf. 9. kin ^S
17, 2 Thef. 1. 7— O
9. Jude 15.

u Num. 13. 17, 26.
Sc 32. 8. 8c 34. 4.
X Gen. 10. 19. Deut.
2. 23. ch. 13. 3.
Judg. 16. 1, 21.
Amos I. 6,7. Jer.
47. I, 7. Zech. 9.
5. Afls 8. 26. cfl.
15. 47.
y Not Gofhen in E-
gypt, ch. 11. 16.
& 15. 51.
4Pf.8o.8.&u8.6. If. 43. 4. Rom. 8.
31-
a Ch. 4. 19. ver. 15.
1 Sam. 11. 14.

C HAP. XI.
The fouthern parts of Canaan being fubdued, here
( 1 ) The kings of the north enter into a confederacy
againfl Ifrael; 1 — 5. (2) Encouraged by God,
Jofhua routs their forces, takes their cities, flays the
inhabitants, and feizes on their fpoil; 6 — 15.
(3) Together with a narrative of the defruclion of
the Anakims, we have a general account of the coun
try weft of Jordan, importing that Jofhua had in the
war acled according to God's direclion, and God had
granted him fuccefs, according to his promife to Mofes ;
16—23. ND it came to pafs, when Jabin king
of a Hazor had heard thofe things,
that he b fent to Jobab king of c Madon,
and to the king of Shimron, and to the
king of Achfhaph ;
2 And to the kings that were on the
north of the mountains, and of the plains
fouth of d Chinneroth, and in the valley,
and in the borders of Dor on the weft;
3 e And to the Canaanite on the eaft
arid on the weft, and to the Amorite,
and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and
the Jebufite in the mountains, and io the
Hivite under f Hermon hi the land of
b Mizpeh. 4 And they went out, they and all their
hofts with them, much people, even11 as
the fand that is upon the fea fhore in
multitude, with horfes and chariots very
many. 5 And, when all thefe kings were *imet
together, they came and pitched together
at the waters of Merom, to fight againft
Ifrael. 6 % And the Lord faid unto Jofhua,
k Be not afraid becaufe of them : for to
morrow about this time will I deliver them.
up all flain before Ifrael : thou ' fhalt
hough their horfes, and burn their cha
riots with fire.

Eefore Chrift
1448.

a Ch. 19. 36. Sc 12.
19. ver. 10. Judg.
4,1.
bCh. 10.3,4. If. 26.
11. Jer. 5. 3.
c Ch. 12. ig, 20. Sc
19. IJ, 2J.

ft

dNum.34.1r. Deut.
3. 17- ch. 19. 35.
Sc 12. 3. Mat. 10.
!4- Luke J. 1.
ohn6. l.orTibe-
riag.
c Gen. 15. 18 — 21.
Exod. 3. 8. Sc 34.
1 1. ch. 3. 10.

f Deut. 4. 48. & 3.
8, g. ch. 13. 11.
Song 4. 8. Pf. 89. -
12.-& 133. 3. ver.
J7,
gOcn.31.49. Judg.
IO.I7.&II.II,20.
ver. 8.
h Gen. 22. 17. & 32.
12. 1 Sam. 14. 5. j
zSam. 17. 11.
1 Kin. 4.20. Pf. 2.
2. & 3.1. & 83. 5,
-8. & 118. 10 — iz.
If. S. 9. Rev..r6.
14. & 17. "14. Pf.
33. 16, 17.
* Heb. affembled hy
appointment.
i Pf. 83. 2—8. If. 8.
9, IO. Rev. 16. 14.

kCh.6. 12.&8.1.&
10. 8. Sc 1. 5 — 9.
If. 41. 10, 15, t6.
8c 43. 2. Rom. 8.
31. Heb. 13. 6.
IDe-ut. 17.16. 2 Sam,
8. 4. ver. 9. Pf.
46.7.

Reflections upon Chap. X. — Inveterate is the enmity of
Satan and his feed againft Jefus Chrift, and even againft thofe who
are in a hopeful way of becoming converts to him : and, like their
great leader, the wicked likewife are unanimous and hearty in their
wickednefs, and in perfecuting the people of God. But, when
fpiritual or temporal enemies thruft fore at us, then we feel the ne-
ceffity of looking up to Jefus, the Captain of the Lord's hoft, for
falvation. If we have given up ourfelves to him, we may be caft
down, but cannot be deftroyed : Jefus and his angels will fly to
our relief: his power, his prayers, fhall concur for our protection
and deliverance ! But how terrible is the danger of his enemies !
Both heaven and earth confpire to effe&uate their ruin! Every
7

affiftant, every retreat, fliall prove but a refuge of lies ; the meaneft
faint fhall tread them under foot! And when the fun fhall be
turned into darknefs, and the moon into blood, Jefus fhall come
in flaming fire, to take vengeance upon all them who know not
God, and obey not the gofpel; — who fhall be punifhed with ever
lafting deftrudtion from' the prefence ofthe Lord, and the glory, of
his power! Oh, unparalleled day! then all the haters of the Lord
fhall go into everlafting punifhment ; and the righieous, after
finifhing their fight of faith, and enriched with fpoils, fhall, with
Jefus at their head, return, and enter into life eternal in the camp
of God above!

Jofhuatakes Hazor, &c.

CHAP. XI.

Canaanites utterly defroyed.

.Before Chrift
144'i.

7 So Jofhua came, and all the people
of war with him, againft them by the
"iZtitfi'st; waters of ra Merom fuddenly ; and they
fell upon them.
8 And the Lord delivered them into
the hand of Ifrael, who fmote them, and
*Tf$ff. chafed them n unto + great Zidon, and
»: zech. 9!r2."5" unto + °Mizrephoth-maim, and unto the
torz,vw<..». vall of MiZpela eaftward; and they
f Or ralt-fits. 1- 1 -11 l r 1
o Heb. hur*mg, «f lmote them, until they left them none

waters, Ch. 13. 6,

remaining.

s Ch. 6. '26, 28. 8c 10.
28,3°, 3*>35>37i
39-

9 And Jofhua did unto them as the
^'"'Vcr'.V IT' Lord bade him : he p houghed their
horfes, and burnt their chariots with
fire. 1 o ^[ And Jofhua at that time turned
'S'i&IS:;!: back, and took i Hazor, and fmote the
*.uch.j^36.s»^ kino; thereof with the fword : for Hazor
9.15.2X1^15.29. O
vet. i, n, 13. beforetime was the head of all thofe king
doms. 1 1 And they fmote all the fouls that
were therein with the edge of the fword,
utterly deftroying them ; there was not
' ctpyf""" r any" left to breathe : and he burnt Hazor
with fire.
12 5 And all the cities of thofe kings,
and all the kings of them, did Jofhua
take, and fmote them with the edge of
the fword; and. he utterly deftroyed
tI,7!T.i!2o?'i6>e?7.' them, r as Mofes the fervant of the Lord
commanded. 13 But, as for the cities that ftood ftill
•""^ * in their ftrength, Ifrael burned none of
them, fave u Hazor only; that did Jofhua
burn. 14 And all x the fpoil of thefe cities,
and the cattle, the children of Ifrael took
for a prey unto themfelves; but every
man they fmote with the edge of the
fword, until they had deftroyed them,
neither left they any to breathe.
yExqj. 34- 11-13. '15 y As the Lord commanded Mofes
Num.27.i9.Ct3j' -... /* T 1 Tt W /*
I^Deut. 7.1,5. his iervant, fo did Mofes command Jo-

U Vfll*. I, K>; II.

xCh.B. 17. Deut.fi.
10* 11. & .10. 14.
J*um. 31. 9.

fhua, and fo did Jofhua ; z he left nothing

Before Chrift
»44S-
undone of all that the Lord commanded z Heb. (,,«i
t. -- r ncthh'tr. Ch. I. 7.
Mofes. Dzu&fi "'&,{'
1 6 f So Jofhua took a all that land, the £ '^-'^ ":
hills, and all the fouth country, and all 1451 and T^,-.
the land of b Gofhen, and the valley, and a S^,1*.'^:
the plain, and the c mountain of Ifrael, Deut- 34' u J-
, x , ,, r \ r b See ch. 10. 41. Sa
and the valley of the fame ; 15-51-
1 7 Even from .* the mount Halak, th.at cE4lek-£hl'Pfr
goeth up to Seir, even unto d Baal-gad f^TTT™*'
O r 7 O 4 Or theftiicatk raowi-
in the valley of Lebanon under mount ';"'"•
Hermon : and all their kings he took, and ^ffv-^t
fmote them, and flew them. irl«iWo?
1 8 Tofhua made war c a long time with c™in' „
•> D e Six years, ch. 14.
all thofe kings. ?> ™- ,
19 There was not a city that made
peace with the children of Ifrael, fave
1 the Hivites the inhabitants of Gibeon ; fch. 9.3-27.
all other they took in battle.
20 For it was of the Lord s to harden %^^-i ¦»• ?m.
12, 15. Pi. 69. 15.
their hearts, that they fhould come againft Rom- 9- l8-
Ifrael in battle, that he might deftroy
them utterly, and that they might have
no favour, but that he might deftroy
them, h as the Lord commanded Mofes. h ?„eut -,¦>¦ *• '«• &
7 20. 16, 17. ver. 15.
21 % And at that time came Jofhua,
and cut ' off the Anakims from the moun- '' IZfft-illr.
tains, from Hebron, from Debir, from I'.^-sT^til'
Anab, and from all the mountains of
Judah, and from all the mountains of
Ifrael: k Jofhua deftroyed them utterly" k^f.
with their cities.
22 There was none of the Anakims left
in the land of the children of Ifrael : only
'in Gaza, in Gath, and in Aflidod, there '^'^{".t'J^
. 5. 8. tc 6. 17.
remained. 2 sam. 21.16-22.
.23 •([ So Jofhua took the whole land,
m according to all that the Lord faid unto m &".',.& %T±l
Mofes ; and Jofhua gave it for an inherit- & It »! *r!*
ance unto Ifrael "according to their di- "J™^;"-*
vifions by their tribes. And the land
0 refted from w ar . c S: 14 Vcf u~
2 Tim. 4. 7. 8.
Heb. 2. 8, 9. &
4. 8, 9.

2. 8. Rev. 6.
21. 8—12. &
110. 5,6. Rom. 8.
37-

' Reflections upon Chap. XI. — How madly do finners sum
headlong into ruin, notwithftanding repeated warnings by the de-
ftrucVion of others ! The ftrength and multitude of their confe
deracy do but make their ruin the more notorious. But, the greater
the dangers which furround his people, the greater fupports fhould
they afk and expeft from God : and, the more entirely their heart
is fixed on him as their ftrength, the more certainly fhall their
fpiritual enemies be fubdued before them. That to which finners

flee for help is often but a trap to enfnare them: and their deftruc
tion is certain, though fometimes flow; and always juft and wife,
however fevere ; the moft powerful not excepted. But fure is the
vidtory of his people over all their enemies ; and happy is it when
God's exixA fulfilment of his promifes and our upright perform
ance- of pur duty unite together. And bleffed indeed muft that
warfare be which Miles in eternal triumph and reft to Chrift and
his people !

What kimdijim 1 o

JOSH'U A.

were conquer

'ed.

EfVt CnriH
¦ '445-

CHAP.

XII.

a Num. 2't. 13. Judg.
11.18.
b Deut. 3. 8, 9. Pf.
133. 3. ch. II. 3.
C Num. 21. 24 — 32.
Deut. 3. 6—16. &
2. 36. Neh. 9. 2z.
Pf. 135- J I- & 136.
JO, 23.

d Gen. 32. 22. Deut.
2/37. Sc 3. i6."
Juijs. II. 13—22.
eDeut. 3.-17. ch. 11.
2. John 6. 1.
f Gen. 14. 3. Sc jg.
25. ch. 3.16. &14.
a. J-

* Or Tematt.
t Or the fprinn cf
Ft gab, or the hill.
Deilt/3. YJ. Num.
21. 20.
llDeut, 3. n.ch. 13.

i Dent. 1. 4. & 12. 4.
& 3.3. 1 Chr. 6.
71.
kDcut. 3.1—14. &
4. 47, 48. ch. 13.
11. 2Sam. 3. 3. Sc
13. 37. & 23. 34.
2 Kin. 25. 23.

] Num. 32. 29 — 42.
Deut. 3. 8—17.
ch. 13. 8—32.

m Ch. 9. 1. & 3. 17.
II Baal-gad was the
fouth, and Halak
the north border.
Ch. 10. 40. & 11.
16, 17. & 13. 5-
D:Ut. 34. 2,3.
Gen. 15. 18 — 21.
Exod. 3. 8. & 23.
a3, 31. & 34. 11.
Deut. ii. 23,24.
&7. 1, ch. 1.3,4.
Sc 3. io.

Is a proper cdnclufion to the conquefts of Canaan, and
preface to the hiftory of the divifion of it, relating
( 1 ) What kingdoms Mofes had conquered and divided
on the eaft fide of Jordan; I — '-€. (2) What coun
tries Jofhua had reduced, and what kings he had
fubdued on the weft of Jordan, thirty-one in all;
7—24. OW thefe are the kings of the land
which the children -of Ifrael fmote,
and poffeffed their -land on the other fide
Jordan toward the rifing of the fun ; from
the river a Arnon unto mount b Hermon,
and all the plain on -the eaft.:
2 c Sihon king of the Amorites, who
dwelt in Hefhbon, andruled from Aroer,
which is upon the bank of the river Ar
non, and from the middle of the river,
and from halfGilead, even unto the river
4 Jabbok, -which is the border of the chil
dren of Ammon ;
3 And from the plain to the e fea of
Chinneroth on the eaft, and unto the ffea
of the plain, even the fait fea on the eaft,
the way to Beth-jefhimoth ; and from
* the fouth, under g Afhdoth-pifgah :
4 And the coaft of Og king of Bafhan,
which was of ^ the remnant of the giants
that dwelt ' at Afhtaroth and at Edrei,
5 And reigned in mount Hermqn, and
in k Salcah, and in all Bafhan, unto the
border of the Gefhurites, and the Maa-
chathites, and half Gilead, the border of
Sihon king of Hefhbon.
6 Them did Mofes the fervant of the
Lord and the children of Ifrael fmite :
and l Mofes the fervant ofthe Lord gave
it for a poffeffion unto the Reubenites,
and Gadites, and the half tribe of Ma
nafleh. 7 ^[ And thefe are the kings of the
country which Jofhua and the children
of Ifrael fmote m on this fide Jordan on
the weft, n from Baal-gad in the valley

Before Chrift
1445.

of Lebanon even unto the mount Halak,
that goeth up to Seir ; which Jofhua gave
unto the tribes of Ifrael for a poffeffion
according to their divifions ;
8 In the mountains, and in the valleys,
and in the plains, and -in the fprings,
and in the wildernefs, and" in the fouth
country; the Hittites, the Amorites, and
the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hi
vites, and the Jebufites :
9 "The king of Jericho, one; p the oCK-6- fa
king of Ai, which is befide Beth-el, one; v<-h's'26~2^
10 q The kins; of Terufalem, one; the q £h; "?: M5- n
. . _ _ _ O •> ' * " '5- 54, 03.
king of Hebron, one ;
1 1 r The king of Jarmuth, one ; the "iz.s1\!:l!;ll:
king of Lachifh, one ;
1 2 s The king of Eglon, one ; ' the king sGJh9.'°'?'23&IS
of Gezer, one; ' f ,t «• * '6-
12 u The king- of Debir, one; * the «a>-io.j8.&ij.
.-/ o ? ' 15, 49«&jj. di
king of Lreder, one ; x ch. iS. 36.
14 yThe king of Hormah, one; z the y 3.7^: yo
king of Arad, one ;
15* The king of Libnah, one;
king of Adullam, one ;
1 6 c The king of Makkedah, one ;
king of Bethel, one ;
17 ? The king of Tappuah, one;
king of Hepher, one ;
1 8 s The king of Aphek, one ;
king of h Lafharon, one ;
" TU " r Ti k li- 4. I. or 1 Kin. zo.
1 9 ' The king of Madon, one ; the king S:*.1^^
of Hazor, one ; h or stmr.it. ir. 33.
20 * I he king of bhimron-meron, one ; 35.
the king of Achfhaph, one ; ! %^:f!~.a-
21 The l king of Taanach, one; the kCh-"-,-*,9-y-
king of Megiddo, one ; XJfr s' ,9' ch' I7'
22 m The king of Kedefh, one; the '%*¦?¦"• *M-
n king of Jokn earn of Carmel, one; nch.i9.n. iki*.
23 p The king of Dor in the coaft of oC11. ,7. „.
Dor, one; the king- of p the nations of pcen.i4.i.notthat
„,. ' O CI..4.J9.
Oilgal, one;
24 iThe king of Tirzah, one. All the ""IfnAUt
kings thirty and one. S9nE 4-

z Chr. 14. 19
, , zNum. 21. 1.
the ach.10.29. &i?.
42.
, . b 1 Sam. 22. 1. ch.
*the M-HV'15,
C Ch. 10. 16, 28. &
15. 41.
dCh.8.i7.&i6.I. Gen. 12. 8.
e Ch. ij. 34.
Ch. Ig. 13.
jCh,IJ. 53. I Sam.
4.1. or, I Kin. 20.

:the

thef

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Former mercies from God,
<?r fervices frqpi men, muft never be forgotten for thc glare of
prefent ones. How happy the faints who have poffeffion of mani
fold, bleffings on this fide the Jordan of death, even while their
principal inheritance lies beyond it ! How fruitful then was the
promifed land which could fupport fuch multitudes of men ! Hqw

fearful the guilt, and tremendous the curfe, which, for many ages
have rendered it one of the moft barren and ufelefs fpots on the,
earth ! How confined was the ancient ambition of kings ! and how
good was God to Ifrael, who gave fo many nations fqr their ran-
fom, and people for their life !

What was not yet conquered.

CHAP. XIII.

What was conquered.

Before Chrift
J445.

5 Ch. 14. 10. Sc 24
29. about 100
years of age.

CHAP. XIII.
To enable the Ifraelites to keep their inheritance difiincl,
and for ajfifiling us to underftand fome paffages of
foripture, we have in this and the eight fubfequent
chapters a minute account of the divifion of Canaan
to the tribes. Here ( 1 ) God informs Jofhua what
part of the promifed territories remained yet uncon-
quer'ed; 1 — 6. (2) He orders him to make an
immediate divifion of the whole, though he would
not live to fubdue it all; I — 7. (3) To complete
our view of the country, the divifion made by Mofes
to the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of
Manaffeh, is again reprefented; 8 — 33. (4) It
is repeatedly hinted that the Levites had no inheri
tance but the offerings ofthe Lord; 14, 33.
NOW Jofhua was a old and ftricken
in years ; and the Lord faid unto
him, Thou art old and ftricken in years,
b Deut. 31. 23. ch. t anci there remaineth yet very much land
• Heb. t,t.fcf, it. to be poffeffed.
c cZ'fts^s 2 c This ls *he land that yet remaineth :
gSS-.i;:^'* d all the borders of the Philiftines, and all
rfccn.26.14.1sam. e Gefhuri,
27.8. Deut. 2. 2 j. ~
c 1 sam. 27. b. not 2 From f Sihor, which is before Eevot.
2Sam. 3. s.Sc 15. -' ill r- -r->, OJ ,
s. ch. 12. 5. ver. even unto the borders of Ekron north -
fcen. 10.15-19. ward, which is counted to the Canaanite :
s.'jer'.42.ir'34' five lords ofthe Philiftines; the s Gaza-
tilSrk,bSS:thites, and the Afhdothites, the Efka-
23.j5am.6.r7. ionjtes, the Gittites, and the Ekronites ;
alfo the Avites :
4 From the fouth, all the h land of the
Canaanites, and t Mearah that is befide
the Sidonians, unto Aphek, to the bor
ders of the Amorites :
1 «$&* £,J- 5 And the land of the ! Giblites, and all
kDcut. i.7. sc 3. k Lebanon, toward the fun-rifing, from
ich. 1,. 3, i7. Deut. Baal- gad under 1 mount Hermon unto
&*& &4'.f'3f' the m entering into Hamath.
a?,.VtlVk 6 All the inhabitants ofthe hill-coun-
.Ki?'.8?os?2Kin: try from Lebanon unto n Mifrephoth-
nCh.„.8. maim, and all the Sidonians, them a will
o oen ,S. ,8, 21. I drive out from before the children of
Exod. 23. 33, 31. T r * iT-i-i
?,':u23,724,.'"'&lfrael; only divide thou it Pby lot unto
pptov ,6.33,&T8. the Ifraelites for an inheritance, as I have
18. Num.- 20. 55. ill
ixxi^'cnrfxxui' commanded thee.
7 Now therefore divide ' this land for

kCh.ir. t.icxo.Aa,
& 12. 7, 8.
i Or the cave.

4 Num. 34.2— 14.8c ' . , .
ffl&P'^tlt an inheritance unto the nine tribes and
23. c„.x*-xix. the half tjibe of Manaflehf
8 With whom the Reubenites and the
Gadites have received their inheritance,
''£«'. tll~,t T wn,i'cn Mofes gave them, beyond Jordan
£,l.\t£.*'L eaftward, even as Mofes the fervant of the
Lord gave them ;
Vol. I.

9 From Aroer, that is upon the bank
of the river Arnon, and the city that is
in the midft of the river, and all the plain
.of Medeba unto Dibon ;
10 And all the cities of Sihon king of
the Amorites, which reigned in Hefhbon,
unto the border of the children of Am
mon; 1 1 And Gilead, and the border of the
s Gefhurites, and Maachathites, and c all
mount Hermon, and all Bafhan unto
Salcah ;
12 All the kingdom of Og in Bafhan,
which reigned in Afhtaroth and in Edrei,
who remained of the remnant " of the
giants : for thefe did Mofes fmite, and
caft them out.
1 3 Neverthelefs, the children of Ifrael
x expelled not the Gefhurites, nor the
Maachathites : but the Gefhurites and the
Maachathites dwell among the Ifraelites
until this day.
14 Only r unto the tribe of Levi he
gave none inheritance ; the facrifices of
the Lord God of Ifrael made by fire are
their inheritance, as he faid unto them.
1 5 5[ And Mofes gave "unto the tribe
of the children Of Reuben inheritance ac
cording to their families.
1 6 And r their coaft was from Aroer,
that is on the bank of the river Arnon,
and the city that is in the midft of the
river, and all the plain by Medeba ;
1 7 Hefhbon and all her cities that are
in the plain ; Dibon, and "Bamoth-baal,
and Beth-baal-meon,
18 And Jahaza, and Kedemoth, and
Mephaath, 19 And Kirjathaim, and Sibmah, and
Zareth-fliahar in the mount ofthe valley,
20 And b Beth-peor, and H Afhdoth-
pifgah, and Beth-jefhimoth,
21 And all the cities ofthe plain, and
all the kingdom of Sihon king of the
Amorites, which reigned in Hefhbon,
c whom Mofes fmote with the princes of
Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur, au,d
Hur, and Reba, who were dukes of Sihon,
dwelling in the country.
22 d Balaam alfo the {on of Beor, the
X x

Fefore Chrifl
1445.

s 1 Chr. 2. li.iSTrm*
Jj.;7. & IC.B. &
3-3-
I Ch.12-4,5. Deut.
3.1— 14. &.4-47»
4S.

u Deut. 3, 11, cii;
12,. 4,

x iSam. 5. 3. 8c i j»
37. Sc 10. 6. & is*
S. Num. 33. 55.
ch. 23. 13. Judg.
2. 3.

y Deut. 10 9. & iS.
2. Num. (8. 20 — ¦
24. 1 Cor. 9. 12.— >
14. ch, 14. jt 4,

*4S !•'

s Deut. j. T2, Mum;
ai. 30. & 32. 33,
37, 38. II. xv.xvu
Jor. 48. 21—24.

i Or the high ffaeet tf
Baafy and hour if
Baal-mem. Num.
ta. 41.

b Num.ic. j. Dcot,
3. 17. ch. 11. 4.
Ezc:. 15. 9.
\\OrfprinzsofFifcah, or the hi.!.

e Num. IT. 14 — ;j.
Sc ¦?!. S, Deut. i.

X}.l. &$.'*. K v.
2. 14. z Pi't.i, 15.
2'ILef. a. I!. Rev* ,
I<* W- JlWlc IU

Account ofthe country eaf? of Jordan*

J OS H VA.

Land of Canaan divided by lot.

Before Chrift
- 1451.

among them that were

e Num. 32. 34—36.

foothfayer, did the children of Ifrael flay
with the fword
flain by them.
23 And the border of the children of
Reuben was Jordan, and the border thereof.
This was the inheritance of the children
of Reuben after their families, the cities
and the villages thereof.
24 *j[eAnd Mofes gave inheritance unto
the tribe of Gad, even unto the children
of Gad according to their families.
25 And their coaft was Jazer, f and all

fNurn. 21.32. Sc 32.
\izc ch. 21. 30.
e The Moabites and the cities of Gilead, and g half the land of
Ammonites re
took their cities
from theReuben-
. ites and Gadites.
If. xv. xvi. Jer. 48.
a 1— 24. Ezek. ay.
9-
h Which Sihon had
taken. Judg. 11.
15. Deut. 2. 19.
2 Sam. 12. 26.
Amos 1. 14.
2 Ch. 20. 8. Gen. 31.
49. 1 Kin. 2a. 3.
k Gen. 32. 1, 2.
a Sam. 2. 8. & 17.
27.
1 2 Sam. 9. 5. & 17.
27.
si "Num. 32. 3, 35.
0;n. 33. 17. Judg,
8- $— 7» ,14—16. 1
n Num. 34. 11.
Deut. 3. 17. ch.
11. 2. Sc 12. 3.
Luke 5. 1. John
6- x.

©Num. 32. 39— 41.
Dtsut. 3. 13—15.

f r'rni. 32. 39 — 41,
1 CijT. 2. 21, zz-
eh, kj 27. ver, 12.

the children of Ammon, unto Aroer that
is before h Rabbah ;
26 And from Hefhbon unto ' Ramath
mizpeh, and Betonim ; and- from k Ma
hanaim unto the border of l Debir ;
. 27 And in the valley, mBeth-aram, and
Beth-nimrah, and- Succoth, andZaphon,
the reft of the kingdom of Sihon king of
Hefhbon, Jordan and his border,- even
unto the edge of the fea of rt Chinnereth
on the other fide. Jordan eaftward.
28- This is the inheritance ofthe chil
dren of Gad after their families, the cities,
and their villages.
29 •f. And Mofes gave inheritance unto
the half tribe of Manafleh: and this was-
the poffeffion of the half tribe of the chil
dren of Manafleh by their families.
30 ° And their coaft was from Maha-
naim, all Bafhan, all the kingdom of Og-
king of Bafhan, and all the towns of Jair,
which are in Bafhan ; threefcore cities :
31 * Ano? half Gilead, and Afhtaroth,
and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og
in Bafhan, were pertaining unto the chil
dren of Machir the fon of Manafleh, even
to the one half of the children of Machir
by their families.
32 Thefe are the countries which Mofes
did diftribute for inheritance in the plains

Before Chrift
I444-

of Moab, on the other fide Jordan by
Jericho eaftward.
22 q But unto the tribe of Levi Mofes q^hK2j££
gave not any inheritance : the Lord God
of Ifrael was their inheritance, as he faid
unto them. CHAP. XIV.
Here we are informed ( 1 ) That Canaan was divided
by immediate direclion from God through cafiing of
the lot, and not by any human fagdci'ty or prudence ;
and how 'one of the two tribes, defcended from Jofeph,
obtained the Levites' twelfth part; 1 — 5. (2) Of
Caleb's demand of Hebron, as granted to him by the
promife of Mofes, and which, by God's affiance^ he
hope'd to wreft out of the hand of the gigantic Ana
kims who poffeffed. it ; and Jofhud's compliance with-
his rcquefl; 6 — :I5* ¦;
ND thefe are the countries which the

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — The moft fuccefsful con
querors mull: quickly bow and pay their tribute to death, the king of
terrors : and the beft have need to be reminded of their latter end.
God gracioufly and wifely confiders the frame of his people, and
will not burden them with work beyond their ftrength. But plea
fant are extenfive views of what God has promifed, though we
fhould never fee it accomplifhed. And it is prudent and neceffary
that fuch as rule in church or ftate fhould exert themfelves to ihe

children of Ifrael inherited in the

a Num. 34. 17— zg.
I-Cor. 7. lb. Hecy
e. 4. John 17.2,
Mat. 20. 23.

3S blfum.stj.jj.&3j-.
1 r. -1 r 54- &34- J3-.<*.
the hand of g££nS*
is.' w. 16. 5,6.
Mat. 25. 34,

A
land of Canaan, a which Elfeazar the prieft,
and Jofhua the fon pf Nun, and the heads
of the fathers of the tribes of the children
of Ifrael > diftributed for inheritance to
them. 2 bBy lot was their inheritance,
the Lord commanded by
Mofes, for- the nine tribes, and for the.
half tribe.
3^Eof c Mofes had given the inheritance '$£&$?*
of two tribes and an half tribe on the Dem-3'Ii '
other fide Jordan: dbut"untothe Levites **»*•'*¦'**
he gave none inheritance among them.
4 For ethe children of Jofeph were two eJi.'go'|g
tribes, Manafleh and Ephraim : therefore j^'1*^- '
they gave no part unto the Levites in the
land, f fave cities to dwell in, with their
fuburbs for their cattle and for their fub
ftance. 5 E As the Lord commanded Mofes,
fo the children of Ifrael did, and they
divided the land.
6 «f[ Then the children of Judah came
unto Jofhua in h Gilgal : and 'Caleb, the
fon of Jephunneh the Kenezite, faid unto

35. z— g. ck.
xxi. 1 Chr. 6. 54
—81.

g Ver. 2. Gbn. 7. 5.
Exod. 7. 6. & 10.
20. & 11.28,50. &
16. $4. & 34- 4* &
xxxix. xh Lev. 8.
4, 9. & 9.10. Num.
z'c. 27. & 27. 12.
1 Sain. 15. 22.
hCh.4.19. & 10.43.
iNunt. 32. 12.&13.
6, 30. & 14. 2.<, ;e,
38. & 34. 19- ver.
13,14. & 15.14,16.

utmoft for leaving all things in good order at their death. With what
pleafure God repeatedly mentions the honourable deeds of his fa
vourites as an example and inducement to others to copy after
them. But unhappy is the end of falfe prophets and feducers of
mankind, like Balaam j and often when and where they leaft ex
pected it. While thofe, who have God to be their portion, have
little reafon "to envy others even their wealthieft loLs in this

changing world,

Caleb obtains Hebron.

C HAP. XIV. XV.

Lot ofjudah.

Before Chrift
1444.

him, Thou knoweft the thing that the
,ent. Lord faid unto Mofes k the man of : God
Wck^X"' concerning me and thee in Kadefh-barnea.

Heb. 3. 2.

H Num. 13- 31, 33
ae'14.1— 4.

-0 Deut. I. 34—36.
Num. 13. 22. Sc
H- 25> "+

7 Forty years old was I when Mofes
*"£:£%%£ the fervant of the Loud 'fent me from
Kadefh-barnea to efpy out the land; and
I brought him word again as it was in
mine heart.
8 m Neverthelefs, my brethren that went
up with me made the heart ofthe people
*l°?fL?s£l melt : ° but I wholly followed the Lord
my God.
9 And Mofes fware on that day, fay
ing, ° Surely the land whereon thy feet
have trodden fhall he thine inheritance,
and thy children's for ever, becaufe thou
haft wholly followed the Lord my
God. 10 And. now, behold, the Lord hath
'SiMi.35'34' kept me . alive, as he faid, thefe p forty
and five years, even fince the Lord fpake
this word unto Mofes, while the children
of Ifrael '* wandered in the wildernefs :
and now, lo, I am this day fourfcore and
five years old.
11 qAs yet I am as ftrong tKis day- as
/ was in the day that Mofes fent me : as
my. ftrength. was then ¦ even fo is my

* Hob. walked.

^Deut. 33.25,27, &
14. 7- & 31 2. Pf.
0. 8.

ftrength now for war, both

to go out

and to come in.
? oh. 11. xi. j 2 Now therefore give me this r moun
tain, whereof the Lord fpake in that day ;
a&im4'.8.5&fr{tfor thou heardeft in that day ' how the
h^pt'li*™}. Anakims: were. there, ahd;#/W the cities
fin. 4. 13. " were great -and fenced : if fo be the Lord
will, be with me, then! fhall be able to

drive them out, as the Lord faid.

' 13 And Jofhua * blefled him, and
P^'witiefl,' " Save uxlto Caleb,; the fon of Jephunneh,

t-Ch. 22. 6. 1 5am. I.
17. Sorts 6. 9.

11, 12. , chr. 6. . Hebron for an inheritance

Before. Chrift
1444.

1 4 * Hebron therefore became the in
heritance of Caleb the fon of Jephunneh xch. .0. 57..v«ss,
, *¦ /. 1 9. I Cor. 15. 58.
the Kenezite unto this day, becaufe that w-'9-«-
he wholly followed the Lord God of
Ifrael. 15 And y the name of HebroA before Y%:?bH\%.t
was Kirjath-arba ; which Arba was a
great man among the Anakims. And the
land had reft from z war.

z Open war, ch. ir.
23. Judg. 3. 1 1, 30.
&S.3I-.&8.2*.

CHAP. XV.
The divifion of Canaan being now begun in the camp at
Gilgal, we have here ( 1 ) The boundaries of the
tribe of Judah marked out ; 1 — 12. ( 2 ) A parti
cular grant of Hebron and the country round to
Caleb ; with an account of his daughter's marriage,
petition, and portion; 13 — 19. (3) A particular
enumeration of moft of the cities which fell by lot to
the tribe of Judah, in all one hundred and fourteen^
thofe afterwards given to the Simeonites excepted j
20 — 63.
Cjt'HIS then was the s lot of the tribe of
-*¦ the children of Judah by their fami
lies ; b even to the border of Edom the
wildernefs of Zin fouthward was the
uttermoft part ofthe fouth coaft.
2 Arid their fouth border was from the
fhore ofc the fait fea, from the * bay that
looketh fouthward :
3 And it went out to the fouth fide to
d Maaleh-acrabbim, and pafled along to
Zin, and afcended up on the fouth fide
unto e Kadefh-barnea, and pafled along
to Hezron, and went up to Adar, and
fetched- a compafs to Karkaa:
4 From thenceit pafled toward Azmon,
and went out unto the f river of Egypt ;
and the goings out of that coaft were at
sthe fea: this fhall be your fouth coaft.
5 And h the eaft' border was the fait fea,
even unto the end of Jordan.. And their
border in the north cjuarter was from the

aCh. 13. 6. Sc 14. 2i
Num. 26. 55, 56.

b Num. 34. 3— f. &
33. 36- Sc 13. 21.
& 20. 1. & 27. 14,
ch. 13. 3. Ezek;
47. 10.

c Gen. 14. 3. Nmiti
34. 3, 12. Deut.,3.
17. ch.'3.' 16. ver.
5. Ezek. 47. 8, iS.
* Heb. tongue.
d Or the gcinr nfi tr
Avrahbim. Jude. I.
36. Num. 34. 4.

e Gen. 14. 7. Num.
20. 1. Sc sz. 8, 36.
Sc 13.26. & 34. 4.
Deut. 1. 46. ci.32.
51. ch. 10. 41. Sc
14. 6. Ezek. 47.
19. Sc 48? 28.

f Num. 34. 5. ch, 12.
'3. Jer. 2. 18. Cfcn.
15.18. The eaftern
branch of thcNilc.
£ See ver. 12.

h Num. 34. 10, 12,
Ezek, 47. iS,

Reflections upon Chap. XIV,— Such as refer themfelves
to God to choofe for them will never find caufe tor repent of their
: lot. Yea, it is not only ufeful, but neceflary, to acknowledge God
in all our ways,, that he may direrSt. our paths, and profper the
work of our hands ; and to view every thing that we obtain law
fully as coming from him. — How edifying is it to obferve aged
profeflbrs ftrong in the faith, giving glory to God! It is not pride,
but due acknowledgment, to declare what a gracious God has
done for us and by ,us. The more fingular our fidelity has been
, towards God, it is the more commendable. And, if we have
ferved God in godly fimplicity in our youth, we fhall find the
comfort and bleffing of it when we grow old. The .ifl'ues of our

life are in God's hand. Neither age, nor ficknefs, nor fword, caa
cut thofe off whom he determines to preferve. Every year there
fore through which we are fpared is a new call for thankfulnefs
to him who preferves our foul iii life ; and the death of others
around fhould make us the more ferifible of the mercy which pre
ferves us. But indeed wonders of mercy and of judgment will
God work for performing his promife -in the , moft honourable
manner to-' fuch as by faith remarkably glorify him in an hour of
temptation. Such as truft in him will never find themfelves dis
appointed of their hopes. And with the utmoft boldnefs we nv,iy
infill upon having what he has promifed, and dare to en°-a^ tkc
moft powerful oppofer in order to obtain it.
Xx 2

Borders ofjudah defer ibed.

JO S H U A.

Caleb and his daughter s. portions.

Befote Chrift
1445.

> Ch.18. 19, 21. Cell.
jo. 10.

k Ch. 18. 32, ver. 61,
1 Ch. 18. 17.

m Not that ch. j j.
26. nor ver. 15.
n Ch. 7. its. If- OS-
io. Hoi; 2. 15.
tCh. 4. to. Sc 5.10.
&I0.43.& 18.17.

p Ch. 18. 17.
q Fullers fountain.
I Kin. 1.9. 2 Sam.
17. 17. II. 7. 3.
r Ch. 18. 16. 2 Kin.
23. IO. 2 Chr. 28.
3- Jer. 7- 31—33-
& 19. II— 14.
S Ver. 63. Sc 18. 28.
Judg. 19. 10. 8c I.
8. lee ch. 10. 1.

1 Or Rephaim.
z Sam. 5. 18, 22.
Sc 23. 13. ch. 18.
16. 1 Chr. 11. 15,
& 14. 9, 13. If.
17. 5.

h ch. 18. 15.
xCh. 1?. 15. & 20.7.

yCh.9-17- Judg.18.
12. 2 Sam. 6. 2.

1 Not that Gen. 36.

aCh;2i. 16. l9am.
6. 12—21. 2 Kin.
14. Ji,J3.,
bjudg. 14.1,5. Gen.
38. 12. ver. 57.
c Ch. to. 43. 1 Sam.
5. 10. ver.45.

e\ Ch. 19. 44,
c Not ch. 19. 33.
I Num. 34. fi. Deut.
J I. 24. 8c 34. 2.
cii. 1.4.& 9. 1. Sc
23. 4. E/ek. 47.
15, 19. Sc 4U. 26.
J-uel 2. 20. Zech.
:»4-s.

I Ch. 14. 6— 15-
Num. 13. 22. Sc
14. 23, 24. Deut.
«. 34-36.

X Or Kirjath-arla,
k Ch. 9. 3. .

bay of the fea at the uttermoft part of
Jordan :
6 And the border went up to ' Beth-
hogla, and pafled along by the north of
k Beth-arabah ; and the border went up to
the ftone of ' Bohan the fon of Reuben :
7 Ajid the border went up toward
m Debir from n the valley of Achor, and
fo northward looking toward ° Gilgal,
that is before the going -up to Adummim,
which is on the fouth fide of the river :
and the border pafled toward the waters
of pEn-fhemefh, and the goings out thereof
Were at q En-rogel :
8 And the border went up by the r val
ley of the fon of Hinnom unto the fouth
fide of s the Jebufite ; the fame is Jerufa
lem : and the border went up to the top
of the mountain that lieth before the val
ley of Hinnom weftward, which is at
the end of the valley of the c giants north
ward :
9 And the border was drawn from the
top of the hill unto the fountain of the
water of u Nephtoah, and went out to the
cities of mount x Ephron ; and the border
was drawn to ^Baalah, which is Kirjath-
jearim :
1 o And the border compafled from
Baalah weftward unto * mount Seir, and
pafled along unto the fide of mount Jea-
rim, which is Chefalon, on the north fide,
and went down to aBeth-fheimefh, and
pafled on to b Timnah :
1.1 And the border went out unto the
fide of 'Ekron northward: and the bor
der was drawn to Shicron, and pafled
along to d mount Baalah, and went out
unto e Jabneel; and the goings out ofthe
border were at f the fea.
12 And the weft border was to the
great fea, and the coaft thereof This is
the coaft of the children of Judah round
about according to their families.
13 %s And unto Caleb the fon of Je
phunneh he gave a part among the chil
dren of Judah, according to the com
mandment of the Lord to Jofhua, even
* the city of Arba the father of Anak,
which city is h Hebron.

14 And ! Caleb drove thence the three " »"%ff» .
fons of Anak, Shefhai, and Ahiman, and n^TTjTIjTj^
Talmai, the children of Anak. ldv.% stf?:
15 And he k went up thence to the k ^i.lVh!),!'
inhabitants of Debir: and the name of *»"*¦'«•«•
Debir before was Kirjath-fepher.
16 f And Caleb faid, l He that fmiteth ^ifkl,0^.
Kirjath-fepher, and taketh it, to him will
I m give Achfah my daughter to wife. ' *?&%££
17 And " Othniel, the fon of Kenaz, •'"c^'?-,*'-1*
the brother of Caleb, took it : and he
gave him "Achfah his daughter to wife. °v4irf^: lCi"-1-
18 And it. came to pafs, as fhe came
unto him, that fhe moved him to afk of
her father a field
her afs ; and Caleb faid unto her, What
wouldeft thou ?
19' Who anfwered, Give me a sblefT- *p&7fj*%
ing ; for thou haft given me a fouth land ;

and p fhe lighted off" ?<z¥£$£*%

give me alfo
gave

fprings of water. And he

upper fprings and the " ";&

and lower
wcil wa-

pr:
her. the «
nether fprings
20 r This is the inheritance of the tribe 'SK^V
of the children of Judah according to their -
families. 21 % And the uttermoft cities of the
tribe pf the children of Judah toward the
coaft of Edom fouthward were s Kabzeel, ,IWi-»-**
and cEder, and Jagur, .»*..,.«.
22 And Kinah, and * Dlmonah, and u Neh' "' ls'
Adadah. 27 And "Kedefh, and r Hazor, and x^?^
T 1 ver' 3- Num. 3j»
Ithnan,

Ziph, and a Telem, and Bea^

37. Deut. 1. 19,
y Notch. 11. 1, ver.
z Not ver. 53.
a 1 Sam. 15. 4.

24
loth, 25 And Hazor, Hadattah, and Kerioth,
and Hezron, which is Hazor,
26 Aman, and b Shema, and Moladah, b l^NeVn.*
27 And Hazar-gaddah, and Hefhmon,
and c Beth-palet,
28 And d Hazarfhual, and e Beer-fheba,
and Bizjothjah,
29 f Baalah, and Iim, and s Azem, rch.i9. 3.
30 And Eltolad, and Chefil, and h Hor- ««chr.4.«»
3 h Judg. 1. 17. Num;
man, w. 45. ch. 12. 14..
31 And ' Ziklag, and Madmannah, and i,Sam.27.6. &30;
Sanfannah, *" c *,9; s" '
32 And Lebaoth,. and Shilhim, and k „„,.,*. Jf..7v
k Ain, and ' Rimmon: all the cities are ZTl* '"'.-*
7 . lNen. 11. 29. with
twenty and nine with their villages : , {*%"""'**' :

tNeh. 11.26.
d Ch. 19. 3. 1 Chr.
4. 28.
e Ch. ig. z. Gen.
.-21. 14.

Cities allotted to Judah.

C.H.A P. XV. XVI.

Jebuftes detain Jerufalem.

II. 10.
n Not ch. 19- 21.
0 Ch. 12. 17. not
ch. 16.8. & 17-8.

ir. Nah. 11. 29.
• Ch. 11. 15. J Sam-
12. I. Mic. 1. 15-
t Ch. JO. 10. 1 Sam.
17. 1.
s 1 Sam. 17. 52.
$ Or tr.
j Notch, ir. 3. Gen.
31. 49. w ch. 18.
.26.

Eei44C5.rift 23 And In the valley, ra Efhtaol, and
wch.19.41- judg. Zoreah, and Afhnah,
s.-'.1:2fu.2Uir'. ^4 And Zanoah, and n Engannim,
Tappuah, and Enam,
25 p Jarmuth, and lAdullam, Socoh,
p ch. io.j, 5. & 12. and r Azekah ,
36 And s Sharaim, and Adithaim, and
Gederah, § and Gederothaim ; fourteen
cities with their villages :
2 J Zenan, and Hadafhah, and Mig-
dalgad, 38 And Dilean, and c Mizpeh, and
,2Kin.,4.7. "Joktheel,
xch.io,3.&B.n, 39 x Lachifh, and ? Bozkath, and
y-2 Kin. 22. 1. Ji/gf Oil ,
isch.io.3.&w.n. 40 And Cabbon, and Lahmam, and
Kithlifh,. 41 And Gederoth, Beth-dagon, and
»ffc£-»>l*-&Naamah, and a Makkedah ; fixteen cities
with their villages :
42 b Libnah, and c Ether, and Afhan,
43 And Jiphtah, and Afhnah, and
m.23. 1. Neh. tvt^ *L
7,«. Nezib, 44 And d Keilah, and e Achzib, and
f Marefhah ; nine cities with their vil
lages :
* Ver'?,;*ly-4.' 45 S Ekron, with her towns and her
2Kin. 1. 2. Amos tt^IIo mac •
1. 8. zeph. 2. 4. vinageb .
=ch.9-5,7- ^g From Ekron even unto the fea all
*™.h,hef,a.e.f. ^ j * ^ h A(hd J -fa ^ -,_
k Ch. 13. 3. 1 Sam. , S '
l-'iL^H-g- lages: 47 Afhdod with her towns and her
o4',*".' vjUagesr ! Gaza with her towns and her
Gen.,5.,8.ver.4. villages, unto the k river of Egvpt, and
Num. 34.6. ch. 13. . V r till 7 /-
ii.%I.5i!xci)2^' t"e great *ea> and the border thereof:
"• 48 And in the mountains, m Shamir,
:::;:::.:: ***. n >««-, and sOCoh,
»ch.».i4. 49 And Dannah, and ° Kirjath-fannah,
0 jSi!5;.cn*,',s' which is Debir,
50 And Anab, and Efhtemoh, and
Anim, .

b Ch.10. 19. Sc i%.
15. 2 Kin. 3.2.2.
c Ch. 19. 7.
d 1 Sam
e Gen. 38. 5. Mic. 1,
14. not ch. 19. 29.
f Mk. 1. 15.

6. \rjios f. 8. &
3.9. If. 20. 1. Jer.
25. 20.
i Ch. 10. .
22. Amos

Before Chrift
p Ch. 10. 41. ii 11.
16.
n Ch. 21. tc. 1 Chr.
6. 53.
r 2 Sara: 15. 12.
t Or Janus,
s Not ch. 19. 30.
t Ch. 14. 15. Gen.
1 j. 1. fee ch. 10. j.

5 1 And p Gofhen, and 1 Holon, and
r Giloh ; eleven cities with their villages :
52 Arab, and Dumah, and Efliean,
52 And+Janum, and Beth-tappuah,
and 5 Aphekah,
54 An||.Humtah, and ' Kirjath-arba,
whicih is Hebron, and Zior; nine cities
with their villages :
55 " Maon, Carmel, and xZiph, and
Juttah, 56 And y Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and
Zanoah, 57 Cain, * Gibeah, and Timnah; ten
cities with their villages :
58 Halhul, Beth-zur, and a Gedor,
59 AndMaarath, and Beth-anoth, and
Eltekon ; fix cities with their villages :
60 b Kirjath-baal, which is Kirjath-
jearim, and c Rabbah ; two cities with c ^ that Deut- *
their villages :
61 In the wildernefs, d Beth-arabah,
Middin, and Secacah,
62 And Nibfhan, and the city of Salt,
and e EiirP-edi ; fix cities with their vil

li 1 Sam. 23. 25. Sc
25. 2.
x 1 Sam. 23. 14, 15.
& 26. 1, 2.
y Not that 2 Kin. 8.
29.

z Not that Judg. 19,
12. Sc 14. l.
a Perhaps not that
1 Chr. 4. 39. but
I Chr. 4. 4, 18.

b Ch.9. 17. Sc 18.
14. 1 Sam. 7. 1, 2

d Ch. 18. 22. ver. i.

lages.

1 Sam. 23. 29.
z Chr. 20. 2. Song
1. 14.

63 51" As f for the Jebufites, the inhabit
ants of Jerufalem, the children of Judah
could not drive them out : but the Jebu
fites dwell with the children of Judah at
g Jerufalem unto this day.

f Judg. 1. 8, 21.
2 Sam. $r~6. The
lot «f Judah con
tained an hundred
and fourteen ci
ties, befides thofe
given to the Si-
meonites after*
wards.
g Ch. 10. 1.

CHAP.

XVI.

In this and the following chapter, which ought to be
joined into one, we' have a defcription of the inherit
ance of the children of Jofeph in the midft of the
country weftward of Jordan. Here is ( I ) A ge
neral view of the lot of the two tribes ; I— 4.
( 2 ) A particular account of the borders of the chil
dren of Ephraim; 5 — 9. (3) A brand of infamy
put upon them for negleBing to expel the Canaanites
from part of their lot ; \o:
ND the lot of the children of Jofeph
fell from Jordan by b Jericho unto

A

a Heb. Ccn.

vssnt forth.
13. 10. Deut.
ch. iii. iv.

b Ch. ii. vi.

RefCecTions upon Chap. XV. — It is very neceflary to have
every thing relating to property exactly fixed and diftinguifhed, in
order to prevent after contentions. The Lord greatly delights to
honour fuch as have honoured him in a day of general apoftafy ;
to reward fuch as ha^e followed him -fully ; and' to affift fuch as have
firmly trufted in him. Happy is that marriage where the union
of hearts, the confent of parents, and the bleffing of God, remark
ably meet. And, if children may afk the neceffaries or conve
niences of life from natural parents in hopes to fucceed, with what
boldnefs may we come to God's throne of grace, to afk grace and

mercy to help us in a time of need — to afk all the new covenant
bleffings of heaven and earth! Yes, large and delightful is the por
tion of fuch as are Connected with Chrift: and his fpiritual bre
thren are bleffed for his fake with the moft extenfive and everlaft
ing bleffings. But let us remember that, the larger our mercies
are, the more abundant is our work and warfare to improve and
defend the fame. And have we not reafon to lament that our fin
ful floth and cowardice fhould.deprive us of part of that which the
Lord our. God giveth us to poffefs.

Boundaries ofthe Ephraimites:

JOSHUA,

Inheritance ofthe Manajftcs*

Before Chrift
' M4-5-
cCh. 8.15. Sc 18.12.
Sc 15. 61. Mal. 3.
I^& 4. I.
d Gen, 28. 19. & 12,
8. Jud». 1.26. ch.
4- 9. & T- *¦
« 2 Sam. 16. 16.
I Chr. 27. 33.
f Not that Num. 32.
3-
g i Kin. 9.16517. ch.
10. 10. & 18. 13.
z Chr. 8. 5.
h Num. 34. 5, 6. ch.
15. II, 12'. The
Mediterranean lea
on thc v. .11.
3 Ch. 17. 14. I Chr.
7. 28,29. Gen. 41.
50— -52. St 46. 20.
& 48. 5, 20. 6V49.
-zz — 26. Deut. 33.
13—17-

li Ch. 18. 13. Sc 10.
.zo. ver. 2, 3.

iCh.jj. u,-T2. ver,
31 Num. 34.5,6.
Bi Ch. 17. 7. .
« Ch. 18. 1.

c Ver. 2, 5,
p 1 Chr. 7. 28.
q Num.- 33. 48. ch,
3. 16. & 6. 1.
I- Ch. 12. 17. &J7, 8.
s Ch. 17. 9. & 19.28.
t Ver. 3, 6. ch. 15.
j 1, 12. Num. 34.
5,6.

-« Ch. 17. 9.

at Judg. 1. 29. J-Kin.
9. 16. ch. 15. 63.
with Deut 7. 2,
16. Num. 33. 52,
55-
y Ver. 3. ch, 10. 33.
.& 21. 21.

»C«n. «-5t. &46.
ac. J3«sit. 21. 17.

the water of Jericho on the eaft, to the
c wildernefs that goeth up from Jericho
throughout mount Beth-el,.
2 And goeth out from a Beth-el to
Luz, and paffeth along unto the borders
of eArchi to 'Ataroth,
3 And goeth down weftward to the
coaft of Japhleti, unto the coaft of £Beth-
horon the nether, and to Gezer; and the
goings out thereof are. at the,hfea. ' ,
4 ' So the children of Jofeph, Manaf
feh and Ephraim, took their inheritance.
5 % And the border of the children of
Ephraim according ,to their families was
thus: even the border of their inheritance
on the eaft fide was- k Ataroth-addar,
unto Beth-hpron the upper ;
6 And the border went out toward
¦l the fea to Michmethah . on the north
fide; m and the border .went about eaft>
ward unto n Taanath-fhiloh, .and paffed
by it on the eafhto, Janohah.;
7 And it went down .from Janohah to
6 Ataroth, and to P Naarath,. and came to
a Jericho, and went ;out.at Jordan.
8 The border went out from rTappuah
weftward unto the s river .Kanah ; and the
goings out thereof were at the c fea. This
is the inheritance of the tribe of the chil
dren of Ephraim by their families.
9 And the " feparate cities for the chil
dren of Ephraim were among the inhe
ritance of the, children, of Manaffeh, all
the cities with their villages.
10 *f[ And x they drave not out the Ca
naanites that dwelt in s Gezer: but the
. Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites
unto this day, and ferve under tribute.
C H A P. XVII.
Contains ( I ) An account of the families of the Ma-
naffites which remained to be portioned on the weft
of Jordan; I — 6. (2) A defcription of the coun
try which fell to their fhare, .and from part of which
the Canaanites kept them for a time; f — r3- (3)-^
€onjun£f petition of thefe Manaffttes and Ephraimites
for an enlargement of their territory ; and Jofhua' s
refufal thereof, in order to oblige them to clear the
%voods and expel the Canaanites from what had been
M Hotted them ; I q — 1 8 .
HERE was alfo a lot for the tribe of
Manafleh ; for he was the * firft-
&

T

Before Chrift
'1445. -

ch. 14..

TO'
°"lVe f'N,lm'*7.7.0«l.i€

born of Jofeph; to wit, for b Machir, the
firft-born of MahafTeh, the father of been. 50,23. Num.
Gilead; becaufe he was a man of' war, ^'sfz.^!"'
therefore he had Gilead and Bafhan.
2 There was alfo -a lot for c the reft df'T^f^t
the children of Manaffeh' by their fa
milies; for the children of Abiezer, and
for the children of Helek, and for the
children of: Afriel, and for the chil
dren of Shechem* and for the children
of Hepher, and for the children of She-
mida: thefe were the male children of
Manaffeh the fon of Jofeph by their fa
milies.
, ; 2 f But d Zelophehad, the foil of **ftt%^
Hepher, the fon of Gilead, the fon of
Machir, the fon of ;ManaiTeh, : had no
fons, but daughters : and thefe are the
names of his daughters ; Mahlah, and
Noah, -Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.
4 And they came near e before Eleazar « y™-»; >j-'r-
the prieft, and before Jofhua the fon of
Nun, and before the c princes-, fayino-
1 The Lord commanded Mofes to
us an inheritance among our brethren.
Therefore, according to the * command- *«*.*«*.'
ment of the Lord, he gave them an
inheritance among the brethren of their
father. 5 And there fell * ten portions to Mar g K-fefilSS. *
nafleh h befide the land of Gilead and h ?™- '*• 39741-
Bafhan, which were on the other fide
Jordan ;
6 Becaufe the daughters of Manaffeh
had an inheritance among; his fons : and
'the of Gilead. ¦
7 fl" And the coaft of Manaffeh was
from Afher to Michmethah, that lieth
before k Shechem; andthe border went *cen. ,i.D. »3J,
along on the right hand unto the inhabit- jjj^: l$„.
ants ofEn-tappuah. # .2.1,25'. An W
8 Now Manafleh had the land of
1 Tappuah : but Tappuah on the border ' ^^0?[n;°.fcj;ppl•'
of Manaffeh belonged to the children of yil&'L
Ephraim ; ' ' "*
, 9 And the coaft defcended unto the
ra river Kanah, fouthward of the river : mch' »™* '""
thefe cities of Ephraim are among the
cities of Manafleh: the coaft of Manafleh

Deut. 3. 13—15.

reft of Manafleh' s fons had the land "smj-A *£

31. Dtut. 3. IJ—

Jofhua refufes them more inheritance. CHAP. XVII. XVIII.

Tabernacle fet up at Shiloh.

Before Chrift
1445.

11 iSam. 31. 10, 12.
2 Sam. 21. 12. vmc.
16. 1 Chr. 7. 29.
• I Chr. 6. 70. Bi-
Ieam.
31 Ch. 12. 23.
a 1 Sam. 28. 7. Pf.
83. 10.
r Ch. 12. 2i. Judg.
;e. 19. 2Kin. 9-27.
Sc 23. 20. Zech.
12. II.
t Judg. 1. 27, 28. ch.
15. 63. Sc 16. 10.
with Exod, 23.29
— 33,-Num. 33.52,
55. Rom. 7. 14—

i Judg. 1. 28. 2 Sam.
3. 1.

f Hell, driving, they
drive them not out'.

H Gen. 48. 22. Num.
20. 34, 37. Deut.
33- 17.

3t Luke 12. 4S. I Pet.
4. 10. Ruth 4. II.

y Or Rephaims. Gen.
6. 4. Sc 14. 5.

zj'idr;. 1. 19. Ses. l.
1 S?.m. 27. i, 2.
2 Cor. 12. 7 — 9.

aCh. T9. i8.Judg. 6
33. 1 Km. 18. 45,'
.t. 8c 21. 1, 23.
z Kin. b. 29. & 9.
j6. Sc 10. 6,7. Hoi.
1.4, 5.

alfo was on the north fide of the river,
and the outgoings of it were at the
fea:. 10 Southward // was Ephraim's, and
northward // was Manafieh's, and the fea
is his border; and. they met together in
Afher on the north, and in Iflachar on
the eaft. ,
1 1 And Manafleh had in Iflachar and
in Afher n Bethfhean and her towns, and
0 Ibleam and her towns, and the inhabit
ants of pDor and her towns, and the
inhabitants of q En-dor and her towns,
and the inhabitants of r Taanach and her
towns, andthe inhabitants of Megiddo
and her towns, even three countries. ;
12 % Yet s the children of Manafleh
could not drive out the inhabitants of thofe
cities ; but the Canaanites would dwell in
that land.
1 2 Yet it came to pafs, when the chil
dren of Ifrael were ' waxen ftrong, that
they, put the Canaanites to tribute ; but
II did not utterly drive them out. •
1 4 % And the children of Jofeph fpake
unto Jofhua, faying, Why haft thou
given me but one lot and one portion to
inherit, feeing I am a "great people, for-
afmuch as the Lord hath blefled me hi
therto ?
15 And Jofhua anfwered them, x If
thou be a great people, then get thee up
to the wood country, and cut down for
thyfelf there in the land of the Perizzites
and of the ? giants, if mount Ephraim be
too narrow for thee.
16 And the children of Jofeph faid,
The hill is not enough for us : and all the
Canaanites. that dwell in the land of the
valley * have chariots of iron, both they
who are of Beth-fhean and her towns,
and they who are of the valley of a Jez
reel. 1 7 And Jofhua fpake unto the houfe

Reflections upon Chap. XVII.— What a fruitful bough is
Jofeph now become, and planted in a goodly foil ! The promife of
God is a firm foundation of claim ; and, if in this wildernefs we fecure
fuch a title to glory, we mail, when the warfare is over, enjoy the
portion for ever. It is good for brethren to dwell together in
unity; yet unhappy is the union when they encourage one an-

of Jofeph, even to Ephraim and to Ma
naffeh, faying, bThou art a great people,
and haft great power : thou fhalt not
have one lot only:
1 8 But the c mountain fhall be thine ;
for it is a wood, and thou fhalt cut it
down : and the outgoings of it fhall be
thine : for thou d flialt drive out the Ca
naanites, though they have iron chariots,
and though they be ftrong.
chap, xvim
Here we have ( I ) The tabernacle of God fixed in the
middle of Canaan, in Shiloh a city of the Ephraim
ites, Jofhua' s own tribes; I. (z)^ The feven un-
portioned tribes are reproved for their unconcern, and
diretled to a proper method for immediately fixing
their fettlements; 2— -J." (3) The remaining ter
ritory. being divided into feven parts, thefe tribes have
their refpeclive Jhares affigned them by -lot; 8—10.
(4) The borders of the Benjamites' inheritance art
marked out, and twenty-fix of their principal cities .
mentioned; 1 1 — 28.
AND the whole congregation of the'
children of Ifrael aflembled together
at " Shiloh, and fet up the b tabernacle of
the congregation there. And the land-
was fubdued before them.
2 % And there remained among the
children of Ifrael feven tribes, which had
not yet received their inheritance.
2 And Jofhua faid unto the children-'.
of Ifrael, c How long are ye flack to go
to poffefs the land which the Lord God
of your fathers hath given you ?
4 Give out from among you three men
for each tribe : ' and I will fend them, and
they fhall rife, and go through the land,
and d defcribe it according to the inherit
ance of them; and they fliall come again
to me.
5 And they fliall divide it into feven
parts : c Judah fhall abide in their coaft
on the fouth, and the houfe of Jofeph
fhall abide in their coafts on the north.
6 f Ye fhall therefore defcribe the land

Before Chrift
'445-
h Ver. 15. Deut. 33.

cVer. ic.8czb.7.Sc
15-9-

dCh.13.6. &11.4,
6. Exod. 23. 29—
33. Deut. 7. 2, s,
16. If. 41. IO, 1$,
16.

a Ch. 10. 51. Sc 24.
9. Judg. 18. is. 8c
21. 19. pr. 78.60.
Jer. 7. 12, 14. cc
26. 6.
b Exod. xl. It conti
nued there about
3.19 years, - 1 Sam. '
iv. Jen. 7. 12, 14.
Sc 26. 6,

c Judg. 18. 9. Prov.
15. 19. & 12. 13,
14-. & 27. 1.. Mat.
20. 6. Ecel. 9. 10.
2 Cor. 6. 2.

d Ver. 5, 6, 8, 9.
Phil. 4. 8. iThefc-
4.6-

eCh. ir;.T-^.&lt»
—xvii. Rom. 15^
I. I The!. 5. 14.

f Vct. 8. Prov. it
33. Num. 26. 54,
55- Sc 34. 13—29.
ch. 14. 2.

other in neglecting the Lord's work, and feem more anxious to
enlarge their property than to improve what they have. But un
belief ftrangely heightens every difficulty, and often difcourages
from the good fight of faith, which neceffarily lies in the way to
the crown!

Kef of the country divided: boundaries

JOSHUA.

and cities ofthe Benjamites..

BerDre Chrift
H45'

g Lev. 7.1, 14. ch. it.
14- Dtut. io.y.&
18. 1, a.

ft Num. %x. 119—41.
E'eur. j. i — 17. &
4. 47, 4S. ch. 13.
1-iU ¦

iVer. 10. ch. 15. 1.
£c 1J.7.&14. i,z.
Num. 16. 54 — 56.
Phil. z. 4. Rom.
14. 19. 1 Cor. 10.
31. Prov. 16. 1 j.
with ch. 7. 16—
18. 1 Sam. to. 20,
li. & 14.41. Afts

kCh. 15. 1. Col. i,
ll. John 17. 1,

Peat 33. 11. Pf,
103. 13, 14. 1 Cor
JO.13-. Rom. 15. 1

BiCh.i. 1, 16, az.
& 3. 15, 16. Sc 6,
*,Z4.

a Ch. 7, 1. & S. ao.
• Bethel, fo called,
from thc idols -
worfhipped there.
Ch.7.l,Hcf,4.i5,
pCh. 16. 1,5. Judg,
1. m— z6. Gen.
zS. 19. & 48. 3.
4 Ch. 8. 9. ver. 22.
r Ch. 16. 5, & io. x0,

j The pool of Gi
beon. Jer. 41. 11
\-cxm. %. 13.

t Ch. 9. i?. & 15,9,
60, 1 Sr.tn. 7

into feven parts, and bring the defer iption
hither to me, that I may caft lots for you
here before the Lord our God.
7 But the 6 Levites have no part
among you ; for the priefthood of the
Lord is their inheritance : and h Gad,
and Reuben, and half the tribe of Ma
nafleh, have received their inheritance
beyond Jordan on the eaft, which Mofes
the fervant of the Lord gave them.
8 \ And the men arofe, and went
away : and Jofhua charged them that
went to defcribe the land, faying, Go
and walk through the land, and defcribe
it, and come again to me, that I may
here 'caft lots for you before the Lord
in Shiloh. 9 And the men went and pafled through
the land, and defcribed it by cities . into
feveri parts in a book, and came again to
Jofhua to the hoft at Shiloh.
10 5[ And Jofhua k caft lots for them
in Shiloh before the Lord : and there
Jofhua divided the land unto the children
of Ifrael according to their divifion s.
1 1 % And the lot of the tribe of the
children of Benjamin came up according
lo their families : and the coaft of their
lot came forth l between the children of
Judah and the children of Jofeph.
1 2 And their border on the north fide
was from Jordan ; and the border went
up to the fide of m Jericho on the north
fide, and went up through the moun
tains weftward ; and the goings out
thereof were at the " wildernefs of ° Beth-
aven. 13 And the border went over from
thence toward 1>Luz, to the fide of Luz,
which is q Beth-el, fouthward ; and the
border defcended to r Ataroth-addar, near
the hill that lieth on the fouth fide of the
nether Beth-horon.
14 And the border was drawn thence,
and compafled the corner of s the fea
fouthward, from the hill that lieth before
Beth-horon fouthward ; and the goings
: out thereof were at * Kirjath-baal, which
is Kirjath-jearim, a city of the children
:Of Judah. This was the .weft quarter.

Before Chrift
'445-

15 And the fouth quarter was from
the end of Kirjath-jearim, and the border
went out on the weft, and went out to
the well of waters of u Nephtoah : uch.iS.,.
1 6 And the border came down to the
end of the x mountain that lieth before x Ti: J' *' Gen'
the valley of the fon -of Hinnom, and
which is in the ? valley of the giants on 'iKS:*'*
the north, and defcended to the * valley *^-jS^y.
of Hinnom, to the fide of aJebufi on the i^*'j^' [
fouth, and defcended to En-rogel,. l^fk^'lii:]'.
17 And was drawn from the north, 8>
and went forth to En-fhemefh, and went
forth toward b Geliloth, which is over b^lU <*•**
againft the going up of Adummim, and
defcended to c the ftone of Bohan the fon e«^tiWiZ
. -p. . nour, or by him.
of Reuben, 1 8 And paffed along toward the fide
over againft + Arabah northward, and *0r "">'«*.
went down unto Arabah :
1 9 And the border pafled along to the
fide of d Beth-hoglah northward : and the ^.'verfk?™'5*
outgoings of the border were at the north
i bay of e the fait fea at the fouth end 0f*™-»«"
J c Gen. 14. 3. Sc 19.
f Jordan. This was the fouth coaft. \\l^\lA%ha
20 And Jordan was the border of it on of
the eaft fide, This was the inheritance
of the children of Benjamin, by the coafts
thereof "round about, according to their
families. 2 1 5[ Now the cities of the tribe of the
children of Benjamin according to their
families were g Jericho, and h Beth-hog
lah, and the valley of Keziz,
22 ''And Beth-arabah, and Zemaraim, ! 2 chV.',,: i1'
and k Beth-el,
23 And A vim, and Parah, and l Oph
rah, 24 And Chephar-haammonai, and ml^ *<>• \^£
Ophni, and m Gaba ; twelve cities with
their villages :
25 " Gibeon, and ° Ramah, and p Bee-
roth, 26 And 'Mizpeh, and Chephirah, and p^9 "
Mozah, 27 And Rekem, and Irpeel, and Ta-
ralah, 28 And r Zelah, Eleph, and s Jebufi,
which is Jerufalem, Gibeath, and Kir-
jath ; fourteen

1 Ch. 111. iv.

gCh.2. i.;&'6.i,z4.
h Gen. 50. 10. ch.
15.6.

kCh.7. 2. &8. 9.
ver. 13.
1 iSam. 13. 17. not
thatjtiilg. 6. 11.

13- I5> 16.
n See ch. 9. 17.
0 Judg. 4. 5, 1 Sam.
1. 19. & 7. 17. Sc
19. iS. I Kin. 15.
-17. Jer. 3.15. Neh.
2.33. . 2 Sam.

cities with their villages.

q Not that ch. 15.
38. nor that ch.
II. 3. Judg. 10. 17.
rnit 1 ICin. 15. 22.
Jer. xl. xii,
r 25am. 21. 14.
s Ch. 15. 63: 2 Sam.
5. 8. ver. 16. Je-
rutalcm belonged
partly to Judah,
anaVpartly to tt.fr1-
jjiiiiii.

Simeonites portioned out of Judah" s lot. CHAP. XIX

Portion ofthe. Z'ebulonites.

Before. Chrift
1445*
t Attn 17. 36. Num.
«Jl 54. & 33.54.

a Ch. r3. 6, it.

b Oen. 49. 7.

C Gen 21. 14, it.
Judg. 20. I. ch.15.
28, 26. 1 Chr. 4.
28.
il Ch. 15. 28, 29.
I Chr. 4. 29.
« Ch. 15. 30. I Chr.
4. 29, 30.

1 Ch. 1;. 31. 1 Chr.
4.31. 1 Sam. 27. 6.
Sc 30. 1.

This is the inheritance of the children of
Benjamin c according to their families-.
CHAP. XIX.
In the lot ofjudah the borders were, marked, and cities
mentipned : in tliofe of Ephraim and Manaffeh only
the borders were marked. Here is (1) The lot- of
Simeon taken out ofthe inheritance ofjudah, with
cities mentioned, but no boundaries marked; 1.
{%) Of Zebulun; 10—1,6. (3) Of Iffachar ;
17-23. (4) Of Afher; H-31- (5) Of Naph
tali; 32: — 39. (6) Of Dan; 40 — 48. All with
boundaries marked, and principal' cities mentioned:
( 7) Laft of all, Jofhua, upon his requefi, hath an
inheritance, affigned him ; 49 — 5 1 .
AND the a fecond lot came forth to
Simeon, even for the tribe of the
children of Simeon according to their
families : and their inheritance was
** within the inheritance of the children
ofjudah. 2 And they had in their inheritance
c Beer-fheba, and1 Shebah, and Moladah,
3. And d Hazar-fhual, and Balah, and
Azem, 4 And eEltolad, and Bethul^and Hor-
mah, 5 And f Ziklag, and Beth-markaboth,
and Hazar-fufah,

6 And sBeth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen;
thirteen cities and their villages :

and

Before Chrift
1445-
g Ch. 15. 32, 36,
I Cljr. 4. 31.

h Ch. 15. 32, 42.
Neh. 11. 29.

7 h Ain, Remmon, and Ether,
Afhan ; four cities and their villages
8 And all the villages that were round
about thefe cities to v Baalath-beer, Ra- i'^»,s»
math ofthe fouth. This is the inheritance
of the tribe of the- children of Simeon
according to their families.
9 Out of-the portion of the children of
Judah was the inheritance of the children
of Simeon ; for the part of the children
ofjudah was * too much for them : there
fore the children of Simeon had their
inheritance within the inheritance of them.
1 o <[[ And the l third lot came lip for
the children of Zebulun according to
their families ; and the border of their
inheritance was unto Sarid :
1 1 And their border went up toward
m the fea, and Maralah,, and reached to
Dabbafheth, and reached to the river that
is before n Jokneam ;
12 And turned from Sarid eaftward
toward the fuji-rifing unto the border of
Chifloth-tabor, and then goeth out to

k tTIm. 6, 17.
2 Cor. 8. 14, 15.

I Vcr.i.ch. 18.6,11.
Gen. 49. 13. Deut,
3J- 18, 19.

m Thc Mcditerr*.
ncan. Exod. 23.
31. Num. 34. 6,7,
Deut. 11. 24. Sc
34. 2. ch. 1. 4 SS
9. 1. & is- 12. 8s
16. 8. Ezek. 47.
1;. 19. JoeJ 2, 20.
Zech. 14. 8.
n Ch. 12. 22. 1 Kin.
4. 12. 1 Chi. 6. 68.

Daberath,

and goeth

up to Japhia,

0 Ch.6 7:

.t. 28. 1 Chr.

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — It is highly becoming
when a ferious: regard- to, the worJb.jp of Chrift aiid the church of
God is intermingled with our moft engaging earthly concerns :
and' it is dangerous to. for,m- families or kingdoms without the true
¦worfhip of God. But what a blefling is- it for a church or nation,
¦when the Lord is a wall of fire round about them, and the glory
in fhe midft of them!1 What mercies then, are ours ! We have his
ordinances, not merely in the midft of our land, but near at- hand,
in evsry corner of it ; and fafely-may we, in the midft of enemies,
EXPLANATORY NOTES. Ch;ai>V XIX. Ver. 1— 4)8.. From this and the
feven preceding chapters it appears that the land-of-Canaan, into the pofleffion of which
Mofes and Jofhua; put the Jfeelites, was pleafamly diverfifkd with mountains and
valleys, and well w^fe-red with- a rrUiJtipiidc. of fmall rivers and brooks, which emptied
themfelves into the Mediterranean fea on the weft;' or into Jordan, which, taking its
rife in mount Lebanon, at the north of thc promifed land, ran fouthward; and, after
forming the two lake*, of Merom and Chinnerjeth, or Tiberias, in its courfe, at 'fare
emptjed itfelf into the- D«ad; fea, into- which the. country about Sodom was tranf-
forjeed,. and which had, no. vifible outlet. The length of Canaan, from Beerlhebaon
the fouth to Dan on" the north, was about One hundred and eighty miles. Its greateft
breadth, from the Mediterranean fea to thc river Jordan, was about fifty mih-s; and
about thirty more to the eaftern boundary of the Reubenites, Gadites, and Manaffitcs.
Ontheeaft of Jordan, over againft the. territory of Benjamin and Efjhrainlj th, Reu
benites. had their inheritance in; a trail, including the mountains. of Pcor, Nebo, and
Pifgah, On. their north fide lay the inheritance of the' Gadites, in a foil>more plain
and Fertile-... Northward of Gad was feated the half tribe of ManalTeh, in that which
was afterwards ca|Jed Upper Galilee, or Galilee of the Gentiles, which was almoft as
large as both- thc two former port/ions,. Or), the Weft, fide cf Jordan, orj-ather the Dead
fea, lay the extenfive inheritance ofjudah. On the fouth-weft hereof was the lot of
Siptlftrii' and on the north-weft the lot of Dan. Eaftward ofthe Danites, and' north
ward ofjudah, wSs.tho inheritance- of benjamin. The lot ofthe Ephraimites lay all
alQfig on the- ngrtll of thefc'of Da'ri alia* Benjamin. Next was the lot of fhe other half
tribe. of-Manaffeh; and northward of .them the inheritance of Iflachar; and- next to
ihcm was that of Zebulun. Each of thefe four. Lift portions extended from Jordan on
Vol. I.

go about the Lord's work. Let us beware then how we are- un
concerned about prqmjfed enjoyments, or CQmma-nded duties ; left
dip fweets of prefent comforts, or the difficulties in. cjur way to the
Canaan above, fhould weaken our defire, or hinder our attempts,
fo obtain it. Bleffed- be God that, though the enjoyment of it be
not equally foon obtained, yet it is equally Cure to all believers;
and that shcr.e, as well as here, each is placed in a ftation anfwer
able to his abilities and powers of enjoyment.

the eaft tn die Mediterranean fea on the weft. Northward nf Zebulun the. tribe oF
After had their inheritance, in the north-well of Canaan. The Naphtalites had their
portion between- the lot of- Afher and the riorth end o£. the river' Jordan. The Tyrian't
and Zidonians kept poffefli™ of a part of Canaan op the north-welt ofthe Afherites.
The Philiftines kept poUeffinn of a narrow ftrip of territory on the weft ofthe Simeon-
itcs and Danites. Egypt lay to the fouth- welt of Canaan; Idumea oh the fouth border
of the lot of Judah; and (till more fouthward was the country of the Amalekites and
Arabians. On the eaft of the Dead, fea, and fouthward of the. Reubenites-, was the
territory, ofthe Midianites. and Moabites. North-eaft ofthe Moabites, and eaftward.
of the Reubenites, Gadites, and Manaflites, dwelt the Ammonites and Hagarenes; and
ftill. eaftward nf thef-, beyond a large defert, aiad by the- river Euphrates, tire Chaldeans
on the fouth, and Mefopot.imi.i on thc, north. Perfia was on the call: and fouth-eaft of
Chaldea, apd Afiyiia on the caft of Mefopotamia. North-eait of Perfia lay Media;
and north of Affyria were Armenia, Cappadi-ci.i, Pontus, Sec. On the north-call
of Canaan lay Syria; on the north ofwhi^h-,\j3 Lcfftr Afia, which contained Mylia.
Lydia, Ionia, and Caria, tn the eaft ftjQrc °f the Mediterranean ipa; on. the eaft of
which were Bit'mni.i, Phrygia, Pifidia, Pampfn lia, Lycia ; and, ftill further eaft,
Paphlaigonia, Gal.ai.:, and Lycaonia, which bordered on the caff, with Pontus, Cap.-
padocia, and Armenia. To the north-weft of Leffer Alia, but on the north fide uf
the Mediterranean fea, lay" the Countries of Greece and Rome; the former cfwlii.h
is about eight hundred and lilt} , and the tat:-*r one thou/and two hundred miles north-
weft of Jerufalem.
A careful attention to this r.o'.c will he of ufe Co afiift- thc reader in u^dcr-;anu:nff
thc p-.irU ui fciipuue hiiton. Y y.

The lots of Iff'txchar and Ajher.

J O SHU A,\

The lots of Naphtali and Dan\

Before Chrift
1-445-

* 0 r which is dr atari .

p Ver. 27.

e, Ch 2T. 34, 35-
Judg. I. 30.
I Ch. 11. 1. & 12.20.
s Not that 1 Sam. 16.
1, 4. Mat. 2. 1.
Mic. 5. 2.
tSee ch. 18.28. ver.
1, 23. 3J> 39> 4«.

u Ch. 18. 6, 11, ver.
I, 10. Gen. 49. 14,
J5- Deut. 33. 18,
19.

X Ch. 17. 16. I'Kin.
21. I. 2 Kin. 8. 29.
Hof. I. 5.
y 2 Kin. 4. 8. 1 Sam.
28.4.

[Ch. 11.29. 1 Chr.
6.73. i.e. Jarmuth.

a Pf. 89. 12. Hon ;.
I. Jer. 46. 18.
I Chr. 6. 77. Judg.
4. 6, 12. & 8. 18.
iSam. 10. 11.
b Not ch. 15. 10. &
21. 16. 2 Kin. 14.
11. 1 Sam. 6. 9—

e-Ch. 18. 6, 11. ver.
1,10,17. Gen. 49.
20. Deut. 33. 24,
25.

dHukkok. I Chr. 6.
75. ver. 34.
eCh. 11. 1.&I2.20.

1 I Chr. 6. 74-
t Jer. 46. 18. J Kin.
18. 20. Gen. 49.
20.11.33.9. & 35.
2. not that ch. 15.
55-
hH0tthatch.lj.41,
i Ver, 14.

k 1 Kin. 9. lj.
#Abdon, ch. 21. 30.
not that ch. 15.
54-
Bi John 2.1, II. &4-
46.
¦ Ch. II. 8. If. 23.
I— 12.

13 And from thence paffeth. on along
on the eaft to Gittah-hepher, to Ittah-
kazin, and * goeth out to Remmon-
methoar to Neah ;
14 And the border compafieth it on
the north fide to Hannathon : and the
outgoings thereof are in ? the valley of
Jiphthah-el :
15 And tKattafh, and , Nahallal, and
1 Shimron, and Idalah, and s Beth-lehem :
twelve cities with their villages.
1 6 ' This is the inheritance of the chil
dren of Zebulun according to their fa
milies, thefe cities with their villages.
1 7 ^[ " And the fourth lot came out tq
Iflachar, for the children of Iflachar ac
cording to their families.
1 8 And their border was toward x Jez
reel, and Chefulloth, and f Shunem,
19 And Haphraim, and Shihon, and
Anaharath, 20 And Rabbith, and Kifhion, and
Abez, • 21 And z Remeth, and En-gannim,
and En-haddah, and Beth-pazzez ;
22 And the coafl: reacheth to a Tabor,
and Shahazimah, and b Beth-fhemefh ;
and the outgoings of their border were at
Jordan : fixteen cities with their villages.
23 This is the inheritance of the tribe
of the children of Iflachar according to
their families, the cities and their vil
lages. 24 5[c And the fifth lot came out for the
tribe of the children of Afher according
to their families.
25 And their border was A Helkath,
and Hali, and Beten, and e Achfhaph,
26 And Alammelech, and Amad, and
f Mifheal ; and reacheth to E Carmel weft
ward, and to Shihor-libnath ;
27 And turneth toward the fun-rifing
to h Beth-da gon, and reacheth to Zebu
lun, and to the * valley of Jiphthah-el
toward the north fide of Beth-emek, and
Neiel, and goeth out to k Cabul on the
left hand,
28 And ' Hebron, and Rehob, and
Hammon, and m Kanah, even unto n great
Zidon; - 6

29 And then the coaft turneth to
0 Ramah, and to the ftrong city p Tyre ;
and the coaft turneth to Hofah ; and the
outgoings thereof are at the fea from the
coaft to 1 Achzib :
30 Ummah alfo/ and r Aphek, and
s Rehob : twenty and two cities with their
villages. 3 1 ' This is the inheritance of the tribe
of the children of Afher according to
their families, thefe cities ' with their
villages. 32 ^[ u The fixth lot came out to the
children of Naphtali, even for the chil
dren of Naphtali according to their fa
milies. 22 And their coaft was from Heleph,
from Ahon to x Zaanannim, and y Adami,
Nekeb, and *Jabneel, unto Lakum; and
the outgoings thereof were at Jordan:
34 And then the coaft turneth weftS
ward to Aznoth-tabor, and goeth out
from thence to Hukkok, and reacheth to
Zebulun on the fouth fide, and reacheth
to Afher on the weft fide, and to * Judah
upon Jordan toward the fun-rifing.
25 And the fenced cities are Ziddim,
Zer, and a Hammath, Rakkath, and
b Chinnereth, 36 And Adamah, and c Ramah, and
d Hazor, 2 J And e Kedefh, and f Edrei, and
En-hazor, 38 And Iron, and Migdal-el, Hor em,
and Beth-anath, and E Beth-fhemefh :
nineteen cities with their villages.
39 This is the inheritance of the tribe
of the children of Naphtali according
to their families, the cities and their vil
lages. 40 % hAnd the feventh lot came out for
the tribe of the children of Dan accord
ing to their families.
41 And the coaft of their inheritance
was ! Zorah, and Efhtaol, and Ir-fhe-
mefh, 42 And ^ Shaalabbin, and Ajalon, and
Jethlah, 43 And Elon, and 'Thimnathah, and
m Ekron,

Before Chrift
1445.
¦'" -' ¦" " ' hum
0. Not 18. 25.
pHeb.7*!w,i.e.tfo Rock. 1 Sam. 24. 7,
iKin.7. 13, 14.
Joel 3.4. Amos r,
9, 10. Jer. 25. xx,
& 47. 4. Ezek.
xxvi — xxviii.
Zech. 9. ^ j. If,
xxii.
q Not that ch. ij,
44.
r Ch. 12. 18. & ij,
4. 1 Sam. 4. 1. <3c
23. 4. & 29. 1,
I Kin: zo. jo.
a Num. 13, zi, ch,
21. ji. 1 Chr, 6.
75-
t Gen. 49. 20. Deut,
33. 24, 25.
u Ch. 18. 6, n. ver,
24. Gen. 49. 2),
Deut. 33. 2j,

x Judg. 4. it.
y Not ch. 3. 16.
z Not that ch. i j*

* A city, not"a tribe*

a Gen. to. iS. Num.
13- zi. & 34. 8.
ch. xi. 32. 1 Kin.
8.65.
bCh.n. 2.&17. 11,
Mark 6. 53. Luke
5. 1. John 6- 1.
c Not ch. iS. 25, ver.
29.

eCh.io.7.&iz.22. *Se ax. 32.
f Not Num. xi. 23,
cri. 13-. 12.
g Perhaps that ver.

hCh. 18. 6, 11. ver.
1, 10, 17, 24, 32.
Gen. 49. 16, 17. ¦
Deut. 1 j. xx,.

i Ch. 15. 33, judfc
i3.x,25.ar-/:
&i8.x,ji

13. x, 25. & 16. 3.1.
1.1 Chr,
xi. 10.

k x.Sam. 14. 31.
Judg. 1. 35. ch,
io, 12. & xx. 94.
] Not thatch. 15. so*
57-
jn Ch. 15. if, 4$
lSaw. 5. W, -

Jofhua s own inheritance.

CHAP. XX.

Thc cities of refuge appointed.

Dl-UC- 33. 22.

Bef„™chrift 44 And Eltekeh, and " Gibbethon,
-„ch..y.s9.&«- and Baalath,
M-aSSS: . 45 And Jehud, and Bene-berak, and
o,L.9..8. * Gath-rimmon, ... _
P ch. 21. 24. 46 p And Me-jarkon, and Rakkon, with
t or mcr azamft. the border + before ' q Japho.
^Kt%l 47 And r the coaft of the children of
42.^.1.3. Ezra p^ went QUt tQ0 y^fe for them . tnere.
t,tf^zl.'is& fore the children of Dan * went up to
s Gen 49. 16, 17. fight . againft Lefhem, and took it, and
fmote it with the edge of the fword, and
poflefled it, and dwelt therein ; and called
. judg. is. 29- sczcs. Lefhem 'Dan, after the name of Dan
f. Oen. 14* ' t*
S'4?ijl: their father.
48 This is the inheritance of the tribe
usee v«. 1,16. aas' of the children of Dan u according to
St &'&*?' their families, thefe cities with their vil
lages. 49 <f[When they had made an end of
dividing the land for inheritance by their
mlc£,*:k™: coafts, the children of Ifrael x gave an
1r.53.1j- inheritance to Jofhua the fon of Nun
among them :
50 According to the word of the Lord,
they gave him the city which he afked,
ro^M.jo.juds. even yTimnath-ferah in mount Ephraim:
and he built the city, and dwelt therein.
*ch™8At'ic?jcjf.. 51 z Thefe are the inheritances which
'JlittzsHt Eleazar the prieft, and Jofhua the fon of
Nun, and the heads of the fathers of the
tribes of the children of Ifrael, divided
for an inheritance by lot in Shiloh before
the Lord, at the door of the tabernacle of
the congregation. So they made an end
of dividing the country.
CHAP. XX.
The twelve tribes of Ifrael being now fixed in their re-
fpedive inheritance, we have here ( I ) God's law
concerning cities of refuge repeated; 1 — 6. (2) Six
cities appointed for places of refuge ; all of them
cities of the Levites ; all of them fituated on high or
open places ; and mofi of them near the borders of the
heathen ; and fo fiparated, that a manflayer might
efcape to one or other of them in about twelve hours
er lefs; 7 — 9.

Before Chrift
1445.

TH E * Lord alfo fpake unto Jofhua,
faying, aa, 5.14.&..1,
1-1 1 « 1 m j r tr 1 r z.Sct.z.Sc-t.sa.
2 Speak to the children of Ifrael, fay- & 131,7.
ing, b Appoint out for you cities of refuge, btt£t.£$l£
P' f.r J . o » 14.Deut.19.2- 5.
whereof I fpake unto you by the hand ot J1.^6-,1?; '^
Mofes: »¦»,«.'*
3 That the flayer, that killeth any per
fon unawares and unwittingly, may flee
thither : and they fliall be your refuge
from the avenger of blood.
4 And when he that doth flee unto one
of thofe cities fhall ftand c at the enter- CJ£&-&fD;*
ing of the gate of the city, and fhall de- citV^Xe'T
clare his caufe in the ears of the elders of Jj^n*ft*rf
that city, they fhall d take him into the d Heb. .„*,.!*,«.
city unto them, and give him a place, that
he may dwell among them.
5 And if the avenger of blood purfue
after him, then they mall not deliver the
flayer up into his hand ; becaufe he fmote
his neighbour unwittingly, and hated
him not before time.
6 And he fhall dwell in that city
= until he ftand before the congregation e ^^V-^.
for judgment, and until the death of the «7-/o£ilL jtj.45"
high prieft that fhall be in thofe days :
then fhall the flayer return, and come
unto his own city, and unto his own
hou^e, unto the city from whence he
fled. 7 % And they .+ appointed f Kedefh in * Heb- >^w-
Galilee in mount Naphtali, and Shechem ^Vllj.^
in mount Ephraim, and Kirjath-arba, >-e3n9.}5' '9'
which is Hebron, in the mountain of
Judah. 8 And on the other fide Jordan by
Jericho, eaftward £ they affigned Bezer B "I^tct5:^:
in the wildernefs upon the plain out of the nam«'ng™yrKe.
., - ,-. . r 1 -r. 1 •' ^->i-l 1 delh*.lin<(i. She-
tribe of Reuben, and Ramoth in Gilead $™/KJ$i«t
out of the tribe of Gad, and Golan in m" &tt *
Bafhan out of the tribe of Manafleh.
9 Thefe were the cities appointed for
all the children of Ifrael, and for the
ftranger that fojourneth among them, that

moth elevation,
Golan mamfcfi.
tion or jo/.

Reflections upon Chap XIX. — It is ufeful and becoming
when men look upon, and care for, the things of others as well as
their own, and give to fuch as lack a fhare out of their fuper-
fluity, or even fufficiency. And it is a mercy to be connected with
thofe who are in covenant with God, and clofely devoted to his
fervice, though our outward accommodations mould be fmaller.

For rare is that lot on earth in which, there is not fomewhat
remarkable by an accurate obferver of providence. But it- is ho
nourable when rulers, who do moft for their people, covet ' leaft
from them, and prefer the happy fettlement of their fubjedts to
their own. Yy2

Upton their requefi, the Levites have J O S ^H XJ A.
whofoever killeth any -perfon at unawares
might flee thither, and not die -by fee

Before Chrift

f And was condemn
ed as n muidcrcr.

hand of the avenger of blood ^ until he
flood before the congf egatiefn.
C H A P. XXI.
Their brethren being all fettled, here ( I ) The Levites
- demand' their fhare of cities and fuburbs, as the Lord

6. 62| 70—76*

forty- eight cities, kc wlktted tliem.
-6 And e the children of ^Gerfhon had "*%tm
by lot out of the families of the tribe ;of ^^T7ct\7.
Iflachar, and out of the -tribe of Afher,
and out of the tribe of Naphtali, and out
of the half tribe of Manafleh in Bafhan,
thirteen cities.
h The children of Merari by their

7

bad commanded Mofes ; 1, 2. (2) By lotthepriejls ; families had out of the tribe of Reuben,
have thirteen, the other Kohathites ten, the' Ger- '

h Ver, 34— 40. rCir.
6- 63, ,1— *i»

' fl)onites thirteen, and the Meraritej twelve, cities
affigned them out of the portions of the other 'tribes ;
2 — '8 ; and which are particularly mentioned; -9 —
42. (3) It is remarked that God had given-Canaan
to the ifraelites for their property, fuccefs in war, and
reft after it, exa'clly according to his repeated pro

mifes 'to Abrahain and his 'Hebrew defcendants-; by the hand of Mofes.

and out of the tribe of Gad, and out of
the tribe of Zebulun, twelve cities.
8 And the children of Ifrael 'gave by '^TcS:'^**
lot unto the Levites thefe cities with
their fuburbs, as the Lord commanded

Num. 35. 2, 7.

a Num. 34. 17—29.
ch. 14. I.

VCh. 18.T.
c Num. 35. 2 — 10.
Rom. 15. 2. t Cor.
9. 7 — 14. Mat. 10.
10. .Gal. .6. 6.
iTim. 5.17.

i Gen. 49. 7. Deut.
33.10. Num. 35.7.
1 Chr. 6. 54—811

e Num. 35. 8. ver, 8
—19. i Chr, 6, 54
—60. Gen. 46, u.

f Num. 3. 27. &16.
q-.itczb. 11. &35.
ii. ver. 'ac — 16.
1 Cir. 6.-6J, ee—
70.

43—45-
THEN came near the heads of the
fathers of the Levites unto a Eleazar
the brieft, and 'unto Jofhua the fon of
Nun, and unto the heads of the fathers
of the tribes' of the children of Ifrael;
2 And'lhey fpake unto them at b Shi
loh in the land of Canaan, faying, c The
Lord commanded 'by the hand- of Mofes
to :give'us cities ' to dwell in,, with the
fuburbs thereof for 'Our cattle.
¦3 And the children of Ifrael gave unto
the Levites d Out of their -inheritance, 'at
the commandment of ' the J Lord, thefe
cities and their fuburbs.
4. And the c lot came out for the fahii-
lies of the Kohathites: and the children
Of Aaron the 'prieft, -who 'Were of the
Lev'ites, had by lot out of the tribe 'of
Judah, and:oht'of the tribe of Simeon,
and out of the tribe of Benjamin, thirteen
cities. 5 And f the reft ofthe children: of'Ko-
hath'had by 'lot out ofthe families ofthe
tribe of Ephraim, and out of the tribe Of
Dan, and out ofthe half tribe of Manaf
feh, ten cities.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — In thefe cities let me behold
Jefus, God's Holy One, made of God unto us fanclificat'hn; Jefus,
on whofe flmdder the government is laid, and who bears and
carries his people on his everlafting arms; Jefus, through whom we
"have accefs to, and felloivfhip with, God, even the Father; 'Jems,
cur -Strong Hold to fuch as truft in him ; Jefus, our elevated Propitia
tion and exalted Prince and Saviour; Jefus, 'who'was made! mani
feft- m the flefh,'that he might 'be our Joy arid Conflation. < Let me
behold him as a divinely-appointed, a near, an acceffible, ever open,
large, well furnifhed, and eternally fafe, refuge from the juft ven-

9 ^T And they gave out of the tribe of
the children of Judah, and -Out of the
tribe ofthe children of Simeon, k thefe b ?"&%.%££
cities which are^-v? * mentioned by name, *Heb.<«iw.
10 Which the children of Aaron, being
of the fafriilies of the 'Kohathites, who
wef-e ofthe children Of Levi, had : for
their' s was the firft lot.
11 And they gave them 'the city of ' »*#?',£&%
Arba the father of Anak, which city is l.7s.s^.\fs:
Hebron,1 in the hill country of Judah, with
the fuburbs thereof round about it.
12 But ra the fields of the city, andthe mch. 14.6,14. &
V ' 15. 13. J Chr. 6.
villages thereof, -gave^hey to Caleb ;the
fon Of Jephunneh for his poffeffion.
13 Thus they gave to 'the children
of Aaron the prieft " Hebron with her
fuburbs, to ^'aeity of refuge for the
flayer; and " Libnah with her fuburbs, «ch. 15.48,50.
J ' ' 1 Sam. 30, 27, zt.
1 4 ; And Jattir with her fuburbs, and ,chr-6-57-
Efhtemoa with her fuburbs,
15 And P-Holon with her fuburbs, and ' ^rYss.5'-
Debir with- her fuburbs,
16 And 1 Am with her fuburbs, and'ftoSVS.
Jiittah with her fuburbs, and Beth-fhe
mefh with her fuburbs ; nine cities out of
thofe two tribes.

56.

n Ch. 15. 54, 42, &
20.7. 8c to. 29, 50.
I Chr. 6. 57.

geance of a broken law, the deftruclive wrath of an angry God,
the fury of a raging devil, and the ruinous challenges of a guilty
confeience— a refuge to finners of mankind, who have ignorantly,
and in unbelief, fpiritually murdered themfelves, their neighbours,
and even the great G6d their Saviour ! Ahd oh what profitable
inftruction and complete peace we have in him! Hafte then, rtiy
foul ; efcape to him for thy life; tarry not in all the plain,' left the ¦
avenger of blood overtake thee. And' never, rieverjwhile J^ftts '
our great High-prieft: lives, dare to be found without.

Cities of the Gerfhonites and Merarites. CHAP. XXI.

Gofs promifej ewMly 'fulfilled.

Before Chrift
M45-
ri Chr. 6.60. c!i.l&.
24,25. Sc 9- j, 17-
,Jer. 1. 1. If. 10. 30.
1 Kin. 2. 26.
tAlcraeth. TChr.tV
60, 64, 6j.

'«7-

X I Chr. 67. 68. ch,
l6. 3, 5.

y Ch. 19. 42, 44,45-
I Chr. 6. 69.

1 7 And out of the tribe of Benjamin,
r Gibeon. with her fuburbs, Geba with
her fuburbs,
18 5 Anathoth with her fuburbs, and
f Almon with her fuburbs ; four cities.
19 All the cities of the children of
Aaron, the priefts, were thirteen cities
with their fuburbs.
20 ,:% And the families of the children
of Kohath, the Levites which remained
ofthe children of Kohath, even they had
the cities of their lot out of the tribe of
Ephraim.
a S'g";7,'!&i8,s&; 2 1 For they gave them * Shechem- with
,Kta.K.'f:& 9/ her fuburbs in mount Ephraim, to be a
city of refuge for the flayer ; and Gezer
with her fuburbs,
22 And x Kibzaim with her fuburbs,
and Beth-horon with her fuburbs ; four
cities. 23 And out ofthe tribe of Dan, ? El-
tekeh with her fuburbs, Gibbethon with
[ her fbburbs,
24 Ajalon with her fuburbs, Gath-
rimmon with her fuburbs ; four cities.
25 And out of the half tribe of Ma-
jrch. 17. 10. 1 chr. nafleh, *Taanach with' her fuburbs, and
Gath-rimmon with her fuburbs; two
cities. 26 All the cities were ten with their
fuburbs for the- families ofthe children
of Kohath that remained.
2f% And unto the children of Gerfhon,
Of the families of the Levites, out ofthe
other half tribe of 'Mana'ffeh they gave
^chr^Vr?1''4, a Golan in Bafhan with her fuburbs, to
be a city of refuge
t or Aihtaroth. t Beefhterah with
cities. 28 And out of the tribe of Iffachar,
'"deihf'.cn^r b Kifhion with her fuburbs, Daherath with
her fuburbs,
29 c' JarmUth' with her fuburbs, En-
gannim with her fuburbs ; four cities.
30 And out of the tribe of Afher, d Mi-
fhalwith her fuburbs, Abdon with her
fuburbs* 31 Helkath with her fuburbs, and
Rehob with her fuburbs ; four cities.
33 And out of the tribe of Naphtali,
8

Before ChriU
1445-

for the flayer ;
her fuburbs ;

and
two

c Ch. 19. 21. rChr,
6-73-

i •Os. 19. 26, 25, 28,
I till. 6- 74, 75-

Ch. 20. 7.419. 59,
I Chr. 6. 76.

g Ch. 20. 8. Num.
21. 23. ch. 13. [8
, 1 Chr. 6. 78, 7y,
Deut. 4. 43,

hDeut. 4. 43. 2 Sara.
2. 8. & 17.27. ch.
20. 8. Gen. 32. 1,
2.-J>Illm, 2T.20.fc
32^37. ch. 13. 17,
21, 26. I C b: 6.
ia, 81,

c Kedefh in Galilee with her fuburbs, to
be a city of refuge for the flayer ; and Ic
Hammoth-dor with her fuburbs, and
Kartan with her fuburbs ; three cities.
22 All the cities of the Gerfhonites
according to their families were ¦ .thirteen
cities with their fuburbs.
24% And unto the families of the chil
dren of Merari, the reft of the .Levites,
out of the tribe of Zebulun, f Jokneam { %£&*,&
with her fuburbs, and Kartah with her
fuburbs, 25 Dimnah with her fuburbs, Nahalal
with her fuburbs ; four cities.-
36 And out of the tribe of -Reuben,
s Bezer with her fuburbs, and Jahazah
with her fuburbs,
2 J -Kedemoth with her fuburbs, -and
Mephaath with her fuburbs ; four -ei-^
ties. 38 And" out of the tribe of Gad, -h Ra-
moth in Gilead' with her fu.burbs, to be -a
city of refuge for the flayer; and Maha-
naim with her fuburbs,
39 Hefhbon with her -fuburbs, Ja*
zer with her -fuburbs ; four . cities in
all. 40 So all the cities for the children of
Merari by their families, which were
remaining of the families ofthe Levites,
were by their lot twelve cities.
41 Ail the cities of the Levites * within ^S-J&g
the pofleffion of the children of Ifrael
were forty and eight cities with their
+ fuburbs. 42 Thefe cities were every one with
their fuburbs round about them: thus
were all thefe cities.
43 •[[ And the Lord k gave unto Ifrael
all the land which he fware to give unto
their fathers ; and they poffeffed it, and
dwelt therein.
44 And the Lord x gave them reft
round about, according to all that he fware
unto their fathers : and there ftood not a
man- of all their enemies before them ; the
Lord delivered all their enemies into their
hand. 45 m There failed not ought of any
good thing which the Lord had fpoken.

t i «. (jc.8 yards
broad on every
, fide, for barns,
gardens, &c.j an J
jzi6 more for corn
fields, vineyaidS)
and pathno
grounds.

k Gen. iz. 7. Se tj.
21.&26. 3,*4*£C
¦ 28. rj, 14. & ,?,.
le. Exod. j. 9. Sc
23-23— ji. & 34.
11,14. Dent. 4- 1-
cri. 1. i5. He 3. iot
Luke 2k. 33, Tit,
¦ ?¦ i.
ICh. 11. 21.5:?.?. o.
¦&4.iy.Pf-44-J. Exod. 23. 23. 27—
31. &34- 11.
Di-.ut. 7. 2, 12, 23,
Sc it. 3-5.

m Ch. 23 14, ij.
with L.xrd. 3. 7,8.
&23. 23—31. Sc
34.11,24.1^,. 26.
3—13. Dviit. iv— ^
xi. Sc si 1— 11.
Mum. 23. 19 I it.
I. 2 Hub. ic, 22.
lC<v.i,g,iThaf.5.24.

Before Chrift
1444.

The Reubenites and JOSHUA.
unto the Tioufe of Ifrael ; all came to
pafs. CHAP. XXII.
Their brethren on the weft fide of Jordan being fettled

Gadites df miffed horn:.

in their refpeilive portions, here (1) Jofhua dtfmffes
the Reubenites, Gadites, and Manoffitcs, to their
inheritance beyond Jordan, with an honourable com
mendation, a good counfel, and their fli-are of the fpoil;
l  g, (2) In their return home, thefe warriors
ereel an altar on the bank of Jordan, as a Jianding
teftimony of their communion with the other Ifraelites
and the God of Ifrael, which occafions great offence
to, and a very fharp remonfirance, but attended with
fair offers, from, their brethren on the wefi of Jor
dan*, 10 — 20. (3) By a folemn declaration of their
true defign in ereiling that altar, the Reubenites,
Gadites, and Manaffites, perfeclly fatisfy their of
fended brethren ; 2 1 — 34..

. c*. 21. 43, 44.
Num. 32. 18, 21,
29.

THEN a Jofhua called the Reuben
ites, and the Gadites, and the half
tribe of Manafleh,
2 And faid unto them, Ye have kept
all that Mofes the fervant of the Lord
^TA*9;.3.?- b commanded you, and have obeyed my
,8' voice in all that I commanded you :
c"5bNum.'3P2hil'ii!' 3 Ye c have not left your brethren thefe
many days unto this day, but have kept
the charge of the commandment of the
Lord your God.
^¦f^vcuu,"' 4 And now the Lord your God d hath
9, 10. Heb. 6. 12. gjven refl. unt0 y0ur brethren,- as he
promifed them : therefore now return ye,
, Num. "^33-4'- and e get ye unto your tents, and unto
Dent. 3. 1-J7. & the land of your poffeffion, which Mofes
the fervant of the Lord gave you on
the other fide Jordan.
5 But f take diligent heed to do the

f Dent. 4. 1.2,6, 9.
Sc 6. 5, 17. Sc 10.

S pf-'i'io^o.'3' commandment and the law which Mofes
it.!!;/? V'mt. the fervant of the Lord charged you, to
22.,7.AflS„.23: 1()ve ^g Lqrd y^ Qod^ an(J tQ wa,k JQ

all his ways, and to keep his command- Bef^1"*
ments, and to cleave unto him, and to ~
ferve him with all your heart and with
all your foul.
6 So Jofhua * bleffed them, and fent-Ef^^am.

them away. And they went unto their Lke%.J&.4'' 1 Sam. 2. 20.
tents. 7 Now to h the one half of the tribe "^aj-*1-*
of Manafleh Mofes had given poffeffion in
Bafhan ; but unto the other half thereof
gave Jofhua among their brethren on this
fide Jordan weftward. And, when Jofhua
fent them away alio unto their tents, then
he blefled them ;
8 And he fpake unto them, faying,
'Return with much riches unto your ™™-"$:$f?i
tents, and with very much cattle, with f.$.&b,l°k!
filver, and with gold, and with brafs, and
with iron, and with very much raiment :
divide the fpoil of your enemies with
your brethren.
9 And the children of Reuben, and
the children of Gad, and the half tribe
of Manaffeh, returned, and departed from
the children of Ifrael out of k Shiloh, kCh-,8«-
which is in the land of Canaan, to go
1 unto the country of Gilead, to the land ll%Z\gh%?u
of their pofleffion whereof they were S^**'^*.
poffeffed, according to the word of the
Lord by the hand of Mofes.
1 o % And when they came unto the
borders of Jordan, that are in the land of
Canaan, the children of Reuben, and the
children of Gad, and the half tribe of
Manafleh, m built there an altar by Jor- "S^fTs^'
dan, a great altar to fee to. ^S,:!?:^.
' O Deut. ia. 5  7.
1 1 ^f And the children of Ifrael "heard nLcv^.s^Deut.
fay, Behold, the children of Reuben, and ,3•I^_,4'

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — Thofe pleadings are ever
juccefsful at a throne of grace which are founded on God's pro
mifes. God largely provides for his minifters, that they may at
tend on his fervice difentangled from the cares of this life. And
yet it becomes .them to be modeft and referved in feeking for them
felves. It is prudent indeed that minifters' incomes fhould be
conne£ted with the welfare of the church: but it is likewife proper
that all fuch .as are taught fhould communicate to their teachers in
•¦ all good things. God can eafily turn a well-deferved curfe into a
diftinguifhed honour and bleffing; and make thefcattering of the
Levites in Ifrael an honour to themfelves, and a certain mean of
inftruction to the other tribes. How commodioufly the priefts
" are fettled for their future attendance at Jerufalem, where God did
not place his name till about four 'hundred years after! But invio
lable are the promifes of God, who cannot Lie ; and it is pleafant,

profitable, and dutiful, to trace out in providence the exacl fulfil
ment thereof.
But was not this Canaan, now difpofed of to the Hebrew tribes,
a figure ofthe gofpel reft in the New Teftament church; a figure
of a new covenant ftate, and of our better country above? Thefe
are the lands which are chofen and provided by God for us ; re
markably, under his infpeiStion and care, watered with his heavenly
rains and dews, and fertile of the choiceft bleffings, flowing with
milk and honey. How holy! how pleafant! how inhabited by
God and his favourites ! And by what marvellous grace, wifdom,
and power, are we brought into them, through much tribulation !
Not our bow, nor our fword, but Jehovah's arm, favour, and
countenance, gets us the land : and he that truly enters in fhall in
no wife, nor ever, be caft out.

Their altar of memorial

CHAP

XXII.

offends their brethren.

Before Chrift
1444-

t> Ch- 3. 14—16,
John j. 28.

v Judg. 20. 1. Deut.
13. 15. Gal. 4.18.
Acls 11. 2, 3.
Rom. 10. 2.

q Deut. 13. 14- Judg.
20. 12. Prov. 20.
IK. Mat. 18. 15.

go

up

to war

» Heb. houfe of the
father.
sExod.18 25. Num.
I- 5—16. & 34.16
•-48.

t Ver. T2. I Cor. I.
10.&12. 12. Phil.

u Sxod. 34. 14, 15.
Deut. 12. 4—6.
I Sam. 15. 23.
I C»r. 13. 7.

x Num. 25. 3, 4, 9,
Deut. 4. 27. E2ra
9- '3> 14- Pf- 106,

T Ch. vii. l Sam.
xxiv. j Chr. xxi.

a Ch. 18. 1. Deut.
12. 5, 6. Lev. 17,
8,9.

« Ch. 7. 1, j, ,g.
1 Cor. 10, ft. 2 Pet.

the children of Gad, and the half tribe of
Manaffeh, have built an altar over againft
the land of Canaan, in the borders of Jor
dan, at ° the paffage of the children of
Ifrael. 12 And, when the children of Ifrael
heard of it, the p whole congregation of
the children of Ifrael gathered themfelves
together at Shiloh, to
againft them.
13 And the children of Ifrael ¦» fent
unto the children of Reuben, and to the
children of Gad, and to the half tribe of
t2sJm9-1.y'proT' Manaffeh, into the land of Gilead, r Phi
nehas the fon of Eleazar the prieft,
14 And with him ten princes, of each
* chief houfe a prince throughout all the
tribes of Ifrael ; and each one was s an
head ofthe houfe of their fathers among
the thoufands of Ifrael.
1 5 And they came unto the children
of Reuben, and to the children of Gad,
and to the half tribe of Manaffeh, unto
the land of Gilead, and they fpake with
'them, faying,
1 6 Thus faith the l whole congregation
i.27. EPh. 4-3-6- of the Lord, What trefpafs is this that
ye have committed againft the God of
Ifrael, to u turn away this day from fol
lowing the Lord, in that ye have builded
you an altar that ye might rebel- this day
againft the Lord ?
1 7 * Is the iniquity of Peor too little
for us, from which we are not cleanfed
until this day, although there was a
plague in the congregation of the Lord,
1 8 But that ye muft turn away this day
from following the Lord ? and it will be,
feeing ye rebel to-day againft the Lord,
that y to-morrow he will be wroth with
the whole congregation of Ifrael.
19 Notwithftanding, if the land of your
*Afl»io.i4.&n.o. pofleflion be z unclean, then pafs ye over
unto the land of the pofleflion of the
Lord, wherein the a Lord's tabernacle
dwelleth, and take poffeffion among us :
»j<!r.44.4.Fr.j,.4, but b rebel not againft the Lord, nor
rebel againft ug, in building you an altar
befide the altar of the Lord our God.
20 c Did not Achan the fon of Zerah

commit a trefpafs in the accurfed thing,
and wrath fell on all the congregation of'
Ifrael ? and that man perifhed not alone
in his iniquity.
21 ^[ Then the children of Reuben,
and the children of Gad, and the half
tribe of Manafleh, d anfwered and faid

Before Chrift
1444.

dAcTs 11. 4. 1 Pet.i.
'5- Prov 15. ,, 2,
unto the e heads of the thoufands of e Exod \s 2, zS
Ifrael, »*. *..«;.«,

22 The f Lord God of gods, the Lord "S^Sy.-fff.
God of gods, he knoweth, and E Ifrael
he fhall know ; if it be in rebellion, or if

J Tiin. 6. 15. Rev.
19. 16. Heb. 4. 13.
Pf. 7. 4, ;. Rom.9.
1,2. 2 Cor. 11. 31.

in tranfgreflion

againft the Lord,

iiave 1 Pet. 3, is,

us not this day,)
23 That we have built us an altar to
turn from following the Lord, or if to
offer thereon burnt-offering or meat
offering, or if to offer peace-offerings
thereon, h let the Lord himfelf require "^.ieS.*,!'^
it:

I Kin. 12.16. Neh,
20.

J* 0. Jude 5, 6.

24 And if we have not rather done it
! for fear of this thing, faying, + In time ' G£. f£ 29?' Aas
to come your children might fpeak unto + Hai>- ii*™
our children, faying, What have you to do
with the Lord God of Ifrael?
25 For the Lord hath made Jordan a
border between us and you, ye children
of Reuben and children of Gad ;: k ye have kif£: t. j?
no part in the Lord : fo fhall your chil
dren make our children ceafe from fearing
the Lord.
26 Therefore we faid, Let us now
prepare to build us an altar, not for
burnt-offering nor for facrifice;
2 7 But that it may be a l witnefs between
us and you, and our generations after us,
that we might do the fervice of the Lord
before him with our burnt-offerings, and
with our facrifices, and with our peace-
offerings ; that your children may not fay
to our children in time to come, Ye have
no part in the Lord.
28 Therefore faid we, that it fhall be
when they fhould fo fay to us or to our
generations in time to come, that we
may fay again, Behold the pattern of the
altar of the Lord, which our fathers
made, not for burnt-offerings, nor for
facrifices, but it is. a witnefs between us
and you.

IGen. 31. 48. ch. 4.
5 — 9. & 24. 27.
ver. 34. j Sam. 7,

Before Chrift-
, '444-
mRom. 3. 6. Sc6. 2.
Sets. 14. 1 Sam. 12,

29
againft

The defign of the altar explained JOSHUA.
m God forbid that we fliould rebel
e Lord, and turn this day
from following the Loud, to build an
altar for burnt-offerings, for meat-offer
ings, or for facrifices, befide the altar of
the Lord our God that is before his
tabernacle. 2Q- % And when Phinehas the prieft,
and the princes of the congregation and
heads of the thoufands of Ifrael which
were with- him, heard the words that the
children of Reuben, and the children of
Gad:, and the children of Manafleh, fpake,
it pleafed them.
31 And: Phinehas the fon of Eleazar
the prieft faid unto- the children of Reu
ben, and to, the children of Gad, and to
the children of Manafleh, This day we
perceive that the Lord is ° among us,
becaufe ye have not committed this tref
pafs againft: the Lord : |f P now ye have
p?B"ari'Is.i££ delivered the children of Ifrael out of the
hand ofthe Lord.
32 ^f And' Phinehas the fon of Eleazar
:the prieft, and the princes, returned from
the children of Reuben,, and from the
.children of Gad, out of the land of Gi
lead unto the land of Canaan, tothechil-
\^2,l,'3'A^dren of Ifrael, and i brought them word

Id the fatisfaclion of their brethren,

ft Heb. it ivaj getd in n
their tyes. Ver. 3 j .
Prov. 15. 1. Adts
ii..i*< rSam. 25.
32, 3J. Judg. 8,5.

• frChr. 15.
. i6. 11, 12.

(j Heb. then.

'Lev.

li Ed: 5 for1 it fhall be a witnefs between
us that the Lord is God.
CHAP. XXIII.
Here Jofhua, finding his end approaching, affimbles the
Ifraelites, or at haft their rulers, to put in order
what was wanting, 1, 2; and, in a. folemn fpeech
to them, ( l ) He reminds them of what God had
done, and was ready to do, for them ; 3 — 5, 9, 10,
14. (2) Exhorts them carefully and refolutely to
perfevere in their du'y to God; 6, 8, ri. (3) Cau
tions them againfi all familiarity with the Canaan
ites, 7 ; andwarns them of the fatal confequence! of
apoftafy from God to idols; 12—16.

Before Chrifl'
'435-
HThatiSiAivilne"*. s Ch. 24,-27.-1 Kin.
18. 39. i^at, 4. 10.
II.43. 10. ver. 27,

A

ND' it came to pafs„

„ a long time
after that the Lord a had given reft
unto Ifrael from all their enemies round
about, that Jofhua- waxed old -and* ftricken tH*"i""i""

* About ten, or
perhaps twenty
years.
aCh.ji.2;.&ZT.4, Pi". 46. 9.

in a°;e.

b Afts 20. 17. Deut.
31. 28.- Exod. jS.
21, 25. ch. 24. 1,

cMal. i.;.Pf. 44.2.

again.

t I Sam. 25. 32, Pf.
J03. !,.».'

33 And the thing pleafed the children
•of ifrael'; and the children of Ifrael
r bleffed1 God, and! did not intend to go
up againft them- in battle to deftroy the
land1 wherein the children- of Reuben and
Gad dwelt.
34 And' the children of Reuben, and
the children of Gad, called the altar

2 And b Jofhua called: for all- Ifrael,
and for their elders, and for their heads,
and for their judges, and; for their of
ficers, and faid unto them, I am old' and
ftricken in' age :
3 And ye- have c feen- all that the Lord Q™i£Xs£\™c£.
your God: hath done untoall thefe nations
becaufe of you; for the Lord- your God
is he that hath fought for you.
4 Behol'd>, dI have divided unto- you-d^if"'si?-
by lot thefe nations that- remain, to-be an.
inheritance for your tribes, from- Jordan,
with all the nations that I have cut off,
even unto-the e great fea + weftward; * Tit' I5' "' '
5 Andthe Lord your God he f fhall- * Heb. «»*,/«./*
expel them from before you, and drive
them from out of your fight ; and ye fhall
poflefs their land, as the Lord your God
f , .r ,. J cCh.i.o,7,9-iCor.
hath promifed unto- you. ,6-n,». !""<;',?:
6 ff Be ye therefore- very courageous to Ha*M'
keep- and to do all1 that is written in the

fNnm. 33.52. Ex ait.
23. 29-^31. Pent.
7- I,2,!ltjv2Cr*24i
Sc g. 1—3. te »
23. ver. 12, 13.

Reflections upon Chapi XXII — However defirable our
home be, God's work. muifc.be. preferred to it. Yea, we ought to
ilay contentedly out of. heaven itfelf till our work on earth be
finifhed, and Jefus difrciifs us from our warfare with his, blefling.
And O! what abundant honour, and extenfive happinefs, fliall we
then obtain, as the gracious reward of our exa£t fulfilment of our,
dangerous but dutiful engagements ! Our right to f-llowfhip with-
God,-and his peoplej fhould. he clearly but prudently attefted and
commemorated^ that neither we nor our pofterity may lofe or
neglect the means of grace. And with godly jealoufy profeflbre
Ihould watch oven-one another;. But all,, efpecially minifters and
magiftrates, ought. to manifeft a warm but charitable zeal againft,
every appearance of evil, particularly falfe worfhip ; for who knows
how far and v.i<le, if ©nee admitted, it may fpread its baleful in

fluence. And fuch as have: fmartfid for fin m&y- juftly dread the-
thoughts of renewing their provocation. In. this ftate of imper
fection, even in zeal for God^ heavy charges are often brought
againft the Innocent : and- therefore with great meeknefs and can
dour, and, if need'- be$ with' folemnity, ought, we to explain^ our
conduct^ for the fatisfaflion^f our Brethren who hays miftaken it;
and be concerned, not only that our intentions be. ipnoce-nt, but
that our brethren may have no occafion to miftake us. And- witfy
readinefs' and pleafure fhould wereceive men's candid exculpation
of themfelves,. and; thank Godi for it. Happy wpukL it- hftr for
churches, and nations, if all their differences. were, coadufted with
fo much prudent zeal for the glory of God that it ihould be, as
here, hard1 to And fault, with either party.

Before his death, Jofhua folemnly charges CHAP. - XXIII.

the Ifraelites to cleave' to the Lord.

i4B340,rorCih424. book of the law of Mofes, that ye turn

not afide therefrom to the right hand or
to the left.;
^Vi-j'J.'ut 7 That h ye come not among thefe
ltscmAiz).'sc nations, thefe that remain among you,
5*; m. 5s- •%*}• neither make mention of the name of their
^fc\t~8'.*t gods, nor caufe to fwear by them, neither
IVs'.j^jcor. ferve them, nor bow yourfelves unto
6. 14. PI- 16. 4. ' J
Hof._2.17.zoph- them:
iosFwv^usdix 8 * But cleave unto the Lord your
cleave, &c. Deut. 1,1 1 1-1
ft?;*10-" God, as fe ye have done unto this day.
9

1 For the Lord hath driven out from

11. «j
it Ch. 24. J'- J"'
iqr&entheLPRp before you great nations and ftrong: but

a

t'zi?£wscl: as for you, no man hath been able to ftand
before you unto this day.
'^"'o^&'io.^o: 10 m One man of you fhall chafe a
glj:^'*'11' thoufand: for the Lord your God he it
is that fighteth for you, as he hath pro-
Deut.4.i,9,&6. m-ifed you.
5 — 12. & II. 13. J ,  . ,

11 " Take good heed therefore unto

5 — 12. cc 11. 13,
22. & 10. 12. & 12.
'30 — 32. Prov. 4.
^3. m^. w. 37. * yourfelves 3 that ye love the Lord your
• Prov. 14. 14, &-I
31. & 13.21. Heb
jo. 38. 2 Pet. 2.
20, 21. Exod. 34

God.

1 2 % Elfe, if ° ye do in any wife go
^Tjudg"™/.3' back, and cleave unto the remnant of
thefe nations, even thefe that remain
you, and fhall make marriages

among

and

,1P Judg. 2. 3, 21.
Exod.23.33.Num. 33. 55. Deut. 7.

Z i- 1, Cl. OC \j
& I0.6,7. fe I3. I.
1 Kir., xi— xxii.
z Kin. i — xxv.
Hof. i— xiv. #c.
Jer. ii — xliv.

with them, and go in unto them
they to you ;
13 Know for a certainty p that the
is. iKin. 11. 4. Lord your God will no more drive out
*r. 106. 35-39. j .
any of thefe nations from before you ; but
they fliall be fnares and traps unto you,
and fcourges in your fides, and thorns in
your eyes, until you perifh .from off this
t good land which the Lord your God hath
<3 1 Kin. 1. J. Heb. D. J,
tSiFfi* glve« Jou-
Sh-ISS 14 And, behold, this' day lam Tgo-
»£!«.<*-.." inS th.e way of ail the earth: and ye
27-d3a'Le:v.26X!3 know in all1 your hearts, and in all your
~lfjff^i~ fouls, that r not. one thing hath failed of
leD!9jo^i ''""¦' aU ^e good things which the Lord your

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — Happy is that nation,
the rulers of which not only eftablifh the true religion, but alfo
mightily promote it with their example and advice. — Accurate
ebfervers of providence may in every age remark manifold grounds
of thankfulnefs, and reafons for exadtnefs in holy obedience : and
God's kind favours, as well as his fearful judgments, whether paft,
nrefent, or future, ought powerfully to influence us to. hoiinefs and
circumfpection of life. But, while we are furrounded with temp
tations, we had need conftantly to watch and pray; and to main
tain a conftant love to God as a mean of prefervation from evil.
Vol. I.

ir.
i. iii. v. ix. x.
xxii. xxv. xxire.
xxx. lix. Jcrvi— «
xxiii. Ezek. 11-—
xxiv. Zeph. i. ii.
Luke 21. 2c — 26.
& 19a 42—44.

God fpake concerning you ; all are come i4J4°rw f^.
to pafs unto you, an d not one thing hath "~~ "
failed thereof.
15 Therefore it fhall come to pafs,
that, as all good things are come upon
you which the Lord your God promifed
you, fo s fliall the Lord bring upon you s Deu^xx't'''
11*1 1* *11 1 3/1 1 xxxii- Judg. 2. j
all evil things, until he have deftroyed &^If^-^i-
you from off this good land which the
Lord your God hath given you.
16. 'When ye have tranfgreffed the tD=ut. 4.25-28. &
covenant ofthe Lord your God, which f&'.fiz.lilt&
J , Sc is. 16—18, 294
he commanded you, and have gone and %l^~fif-f,z
ferved other gods, and bowed yourfelves Zli?a\\£m7ivl
1 1 n 1 1 1 C 1 vi. xi. I Sain. iV.
to them; then fhall the anger or the %!h£gi'zl3'fi
Lord be kindled againft you, and ye fhall g.%/£-xi.I
perifh quickly from off the good land
which he hath given unto you.
CHAP. XXIV.
Here (1) Jofhua again convenes the Ifraelites, and
gives them another farewell fermon ; in which, after
recounting the great things that God had done for
them and their fathers, r — 1 3, he folemnly .charges
them to make the fear and fervice of God their deli
berate and determinate choice, to which they would
cleave at all hazards; t^— 24. (2} Having en
gaged them by treaty? he brings- them under folemn
covenant engagements to ferve the Lord, and none
other; 25 — 28. (3) Jofeph' 's bones, brought out of
Egypt, are folemnly interred; and foon after Jofhua
and Eleazar the high prieft, under whofe direclion
religion continued fiourifhing, die, and are buried;
29—33- ND Jofhua gathered all the tribes of aGen u
Ifrael to a Shechem, and called for * ££££.*
the elders of Ifrael, and for their heads,
and for their judges, and for their offi
cers ; and they prefented themfelves be
fore God.
%¦% And Jofhua faid unto all the people,
Thus faith the Lord God of Ifrael, b Your "?£ £;£:&£
fathers dwelt on the other fide of the flood S'li-^' ,6' J'
in old time, even Terah, the father of

Scarcely any fnare is more fatal than affinity or intimacy with un.
believers ; and often God; makes our tempters to fin our punifhers
for it; and caufes our knowledge and remembrance of the mercies
which we rejected a mean of tormenting us when we are deprired
of them. If is therefore greatly unbecoming for profefled Chrif
tians to regard fo- little the religion -of thofe whom they marry or
make their intimates ; or to lard their fpeeches or writings with
the names of idols, or even to deck their houfes. or gardens witli
; their images for ornament.

Jofhua further commemorates

JOSHUA.

God' 's favours to the Ifraelites'.

1^11™%. Abraham, and the father of Nachor :' and
they ferved other gods.
cx«-xxi2lNeh'.$ 3 And c I took your father Abraham
\tlii)°.zfz7 from the other, fide of the flood, and led
him throughout all the land of Canaan,
and multiplied his feed, and gave him
Ifaac.
ia6n^'ls\1cit 4 -And dI gave unto Ifaac Jacob and
j_!4-54- pf- 73- Efau: and J gave unto Efau mount Seir,
ecei^ivtpr.ioc. to poffefs it; but 'Jacob and his children
. -'5- went down into Egypt.
(S:"''pf. 5 4I fent Mofes alfo and Aaron, and I
-3'£&*c6?57^ plagued Egypt, according to that which
' n.& 13s. s, o- Sc r b _ bJ r ' . ip . _ . _
..ScfS. J

136. 10 — 14. , ,
J I— 5S- & 77- 15
—20. Jer. 32. 20—

did

among them :

aiid afterward I

MiJ't^'.20- brought you out

g Exod. xii. xiv. xv.

6 And I ^brought your fathers out of
Egypt : and ye came unto the fea : and
; the Egyptians purfued after your fathers
with chariots and horfemen unto the Red
fea. "7 And when they cried unto the Lord
he put darknefs between you and the
Egyptians; and brought the fea upon
them, and covered them : and your eyes
have feen what I have done in Egypt :
hNum. 14.11, 34 and h ye dwelt in the wildernefs a long
- Pi. 05. 9, IO. Afls - . J - >->
7. 36. Neh. 9. 12- leaf on.
22. ii. 63. 9.
i Num. 21. 24-35. 8 And I ' brought you into the land
xiirNeh.11,. L: 0f the Amorites, which dwelt on the other
Pi. 135. TC — 13. _ 7 -
& 136. 17-22. ^e Jordan ; and they fought with you :
and I gave them into your hand, that ye
". might poffefs their land ; and I deftroyed
them from befpre you.
K 23™ "judg^!: 9 k Then Balak, the fon of Zippor, king
*i- of Moab, arofe and warred againft Ifrael,
and fent and called Balaam the fon of
Beor to curfe you :
1 Ducutx^7xMic'. - IO -^ut lI would not hearken unto
*¦ 5- " Balaam ; therefore he blefled you ftill :
fo I delivered you out of his hand.
BLx; 1 1 And ye m went over Jordan, and came
unto Jericho : and the men of Jericho
fought againft you ; the Amorites, and
the Perizzites, and the Canaanites, and
the' Hittites, and the Girgafhites, the
Hivites, and the Jebufites ; and I deli
vered them into your hand.
«Bxod. '23.28. Dear. 12 And n I fent the hornet before
-is'. et. 44- 3.6- you, which drave them out from before

xi. Neh. 9. 24,25.
Pf. 78. 54, 5J. Si
loj. 44.

you,

even the two kings of the Amo-

Reforc Chrift-
I434> of HH-

rites ; but riot with thy fword, nor with
thy bow.
13 And °I have given you a land for ° Se£.?8.%': *
which ye did not labour, and cities which .Wxt?.t*j.x&t7,
ye built not, and ye dwell in them : of
the vineyards and olive-yards which ye
planted not. do ye eat.
14 f Now therefore p fear the Lord, pf!?jZ?%
and ferve him in fincerity and in truth ; lpjrkmcls5%;
¦/ ' ao. Exod. 20. 3, 4.
and put away the gods which your fathers j^Vu-i*
ferved on the other fide of the flood, and
in Egypt ; and ferve ye the Lord.
15 And, if it feem evil unto you to
ferve the Lord, i choofe you this day ^^Iki!^
whom ye will ferve ; whether the gods ^;Deut,3°-,s-
which your fathers ferved, that were on
the other fide ofthe flood, or the gods of
the Amorites, in whofe land ye dwell:
but, r as for me and my houfe, we will T fcSkthlVJ'^
r . 1 T 9, & 18. 19. Rom.
ferve the JLorxi. • »• *- k jj6- i&
r 1 r • Tit. 2. 1 1, 12. Pf.
16 And the people anfwered and faid, ,oii-ii-
5 God forbid that we fhould forfake the s,lTft,zl.T*:
Lord to ferve other gods;
17 For 'the Lord our God he it is1^™;.^:
that brought us up and our fathers out f&'i^i-^f'
O A Ezek. 20. c— 28.
of the land of Egypt, from the houfe of X^S-^:*
bondage, and who did thofe great figns I3' I7' l8,
in our fight, and preferved us in all the
way wherein we went, and among all the
people through whom we pafled :
18 u And the Lord drave out from u-^:xxi-ch-"vi
before us all the people, even the Amo
rites who dwelt in the land; therefore
x will we alfo ferve the Lord, for he is xE£i™»l7*-7%
m,r'nnj 75- Pf- US- 16. &
OUr VJOQ. • 118.28. 2 Cor. 6.
19 And Jofhua faid unto the people, «8: 7-,J,hri6"
y Ye cannot ferve the- Lord ; for he is rTis:^:ti!ke
z an holy God : he is a jealous God; ,he z^*s \\\%^
will not forgive your tranfgreflions, nor '•'5-Hab-»-,3-
your fins.
20 If ye a forfake the Lord, and ferve * %&•££*
ftrange gods, then he will turn and do ^.m-Vo-W.
p £> ' 28. 15-68. 8c 32.
you hurt, and confume you, after that I5_s?-
he hath done you good.
2 1 And the people faid unto Jofhua,
b Nay, but we will ferve the Lord. "gj^""
22 And Jofhua faid unto the people,
c Ye are witnefles againft yourfelves that '^j.g-:"^
ye have chofen you the Lord, to ferve M'
him. And they faid, We are witnefles.

Charges the Ifraelites to obedience, Sec. CHAP. XXIV. Jofhua and Eleazar die and are buried.

Before Chrift
1434, or 1424.
d Ver. 14. Gen. 35.
2. Exod. 20. 23.
2 Cor. 6. 15, 17.
Amos 5. 14, 15,
25,26. Afls 7. 43.

e See ver. 18,21. Pf.
119. 106,115.
f Exod. 15. 25. Sc 24.
3, 7, 8. Deut. 5, 2,
3. &29- 1—15.
2 Chr. 15. 11 — 15.
&23- 16.& :9.io.
-,' *= 34- *9— 3*-
Neh. 9. 38.
g Ch. 4. 3. Exod. 24.
4. Dent. 31. 24—
26. Gen. 28. 18. &
31.45. & 35. 14.

ll -Deut. 32. J. 8c 4.
26. Sc 3s. 19. Gen.
31.52. ch. 22. 34.
If. I. 2. Luke 19.
-40.

i Judg. z. 6.
It Judg. 2. ".o. Deut.
34- S- 2 Tim. 4.7,
8.Pf.n6. 15. Rev.
14. 13. ch. 23. 14,

23 Now therefore d put away, faid he,
the ftrange gods which are among you,
and incline your heart unto the Lord
God of Ifrael.
24 And the people faid unto Jofhua,
e The Lord our God will we ferve, and
his voice will we obey.
25 So Jofhua f made a covenant with
the people that day, and fet them a ftatute
and an ordinance in Shechem.
26 ^f And Jofhua s wrote thefe words
in the book of the law of God, and took
a great ftone, and fet it up there under
an oak, that was by the fandluary of the
Lord. 27 And Jofhua faid unto all the people,
k Behold, this ftone fhall be a witnefs
unto us ; for it hath heard all the words
of .the Lord which he fpake unto us :
it fhall be therefore a witnefs unto you,
left ye deny your God.
28 So l Jofhua let the people depart,
every man unto his inheritance.
29 ^[ And it came to pafs- k after thefe

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — Faithful minifters and
magiftrates are loath to leave this world without fpending their laft
breath in the fervice of God, and manifefting a deep concern to
have religion flourifh among their friends after their death. Mar
vellous and fovereign are the tranfactions of God with refpecT: to
his people ; and great cheerfulnefs and gratitude ought to take
place in our fervice of him, and in cleaving to him alone. And the
moft folemn engagements, with a deep fenfe of the purity, power,
and profitablenefs, of religion, fliould always be maintained, to ren
der us duly diligent and conftant in it. It is pleafing to fee thofe
who inculcate religion upon others from choice become noted pat
terns of it themfelves and in their families, and daring to be lingular
therein ; and when people, the greateft not excepted, feem fond pf
attending folemn opportunities of fellowftiip with God, and edifica
tion to their fouls. The glory indeed and influence of the great
¦and good on earth is quickly ftopt by death. But when our fathers
fail, and fince our prophets do not live for ever, what a mercy is it
that our Redeemer liveth, and will be with us always, even unto
the end of the world !
And was not Jofhua a noted type of him, our Captain of falva-
tion,-who brings many fons and daughters to glory! God folemnly
called him to, and fitted him for, his mediatorial office ; and, in his
baptifm at Jordan's banks, began to magnify him before the people ;

Before Chrift
H34) <»• 14=54-

things that Jofhua the fon of Nun, the
fervant of the Lord, died, being an hun- ~
dred and ten years old.
30 And they buried him in the border
of his- inheritance in l Timnath-ferah, lcgh^J°;^f^-
which is in mount Ephraim, on the north
fide ofthe hill of Gaafh.
3 1 And Ifrael ra ferved the Lord all the m\?tS&fZ%.
days of Jofhua, and all the days of the
elders that ""' overlived Jofhua, and which
had known all the works of the Lord
that he had done for Ifrael.
32 ^[nAnd the bones of Jofeph, which
the children of Ifrael brought up out of
Egypt, buried they in Shechem, in a
° parcel of ground which Jacob bought
of p the fons of Hamor the father of She
chem for an hundred + pieces of filver ;
and it became the inheritance of the chil
dren of Jofeph.
22 % * And Eleazar the fon of Aaron
died ; and they buried him in a hill that
pertained to Phinehas his fon, which was
given him in mount Ephraim.

* Heb. prolonged
their days ajter
Jofhua.

n Gen. 50. 25. Exod.
13. 10. Acts 7. ii.

0 This Jacob firft
bought, andafter-
walarecoveredby
force. Gen. 48. 22.
p Gen. 33. 19,-
t Or Iambi.

About 1425.
q Exod. 6. 23, 25.
Num. 3. 32. Sc 20.
26, 28. ch. 14. I.
Sc 23. 14. Zech. 1.
5. Job 3-). 23. Heb.
7. 24. & 9. 27. Pf.
49. 7, 9, 10. & 89.
47, 48.

nor did he ever fail him or forfake him. Made under, and trained
up in fervitude to, Mofes' broken law, he became fit for his work ;
arid even his name is pregnant with manifold and everlafting falva
tion. Through what Jordans of trouble and death does he bring
his church into her gofpel form, and her true members into their
new covenant and celeftial ftate! He circumcifes their hearts, and
feafts them on his flefh and blood, to prepare them for their fpiri
tual warfare on earth. He powerfully intercedes for them, and
makes up all breaches between God and. them. Miraculoufly and
effectually he conquers all their enemies, treads them under their
feet, and enriches them with their fpoil. He purchafed and pre
pares for them the promifed, the heavenly, Canaan ; and in due
time puts them into the full and quiet pofleffion thereof, according
to his Father's purpofe and promife. Having brought them into
the bond of the covenant, he weans them from their idolatry, and
makes them ferve the Lord, and walk as he alfo walked. Readily
he receives returning harlots and prodigals — accurfed finners o
the Gentiles — and confecrates them to the fervice of God. But
no obftinate and hardened oppofer is able to ftand before him all
the days of his life.. Fire, hail, and furious ftorms, he did and
will rain upon his Jewilh, heathen, antichriftian, or other impla
cable enemies. Nor till his victories be f nifhed fhall the lumi
naries of heaven, or thofe of his church, withdraw their Alining.

Zz

The BOOK 6f J U

G E S

Was probably Compiled 'by Samuel the prophet; and relates the traiifaHions of fourteen- Hebrew judges, who, under God, the King
of the nation, were occafional governors of Ifrael ; and who, Abimelech excepted, were typical of Jefus Chrifl, as catted to,
qualified for , and. occupied in, delivering his chofen people, ft contains the hifiory of about three hundred-years ; -and particu
larly narrates the Ifraelites behaviour towards the GanaaniPes, whom Jofhua had left in the country ; the Lord's reproof of
their conduct', and their repentance for it; what nations were left to chafiife them for it; their frequent relapfes into id'o'lairy;
and- their punifhment on account of it, by terrible opprefiions from the Mefiopotamidns^ Moabites, Canaanites, Midianites, 'Abi
melech, Ammonites-^, and Philiflines ; and their deliverances by Ofhniel, Ehiid, Deborah and Barak, Gideon-, Jephthah, and
Samfon ; and their prptetlion by Shamgar, Tola, Jair, Ibzan, Eton, and Ab don; i. — xvi. The five Idfi 'chapters are an ap
pendix, informing us of events which happened not long after the death of Jofhua ; particularly the idolatry of Micah1; the
conquefi and' idolatry of the Danites; the horrible luft of the Gibe'athiUS'fand tht "dlmofi utter deftYufiion of 'the Benjamites
for protebling them ; xvii. — xxh The fcope of this, And. of the. following hifiories of the Old TefiameM, is to reprefent the
finful backfiidings of ffr-ael, and the hoiinefs, equity^, mercy, fovereignty, and power > of God, in his difpenfatbm of mercy
and judgment towards, them, in exacl correfpondence With his promifes and fhreatenings ; Lev. xxv*. Deut. xxviii. —
xxxii.

Before Chrift
T4J4, <"¦ I-4Z4-

» Jolh. 24. 49, ?d.

kNum.47.ij.Exad. 28. 30. ch. 20. 18.
jSamr. 23. 9, 1"
Prov. 3. 5, 6.

® Gen. 46. 12. &49-
8—10. Deuf.32. 8.
If. 54. 4. K-ev. 19.
J I— 16. Dan. 7.
14. Pf. 72, 8. Sc
2.8.
4 Gen. 46. 10. Jolh,
19. 1. 2 Sam. xo.

CHAP. I.
Informs us of the activity or floth of the tribes of Ifrael
in extirpating the Canaanites from their refpeSlive
territories. ( 1 ) Judah, direiJ-ed of God, and afjifted
by the Simeonites, takes Bezek, cuts off the thumbs
, and- great toes of its king, as he had done to feventy
of his fellow princes ; takes Jerufalem, Hebron,
Debir, Hormah, Gaza, and other places ; but dares
not attack the Canaanites of the low country who
had chariots of iron; 1 — 20. But (2) the other
tribes ailed fill wsrfe. The Benjamites did nothing
to expel the Canaanites ; 21. The Ephraimites
and Manaffites began well againft Bethel, but foon
fiopt fhort : th'ey, however, as well as the Zebulunitts
and Ndpbtalites, as quickly as they could, rendered
the Canaanites tributary to them; 22 — 30, ,33.
The Afherites did not fo much as require tribute;
31, 32: and the Danites yielded up part of their
territory which they had poffeffed to the Amorites ;
34— 36-
NOW, "after the death of Jofhua,
it came to pafs that the children
of Ifrael b afked the Lord, fay
ing, Who fhall go up for us againft the
Canaanites firft, to fight againft them ?
2 And the Lord faid, c Judah fhall go
up : behold, I have delivered the land into
his hand.
3 And Judah faid unto d Simeon his
brother, Come up with me into my lot,
that we may fight againft the Canaanites ;
and I likewife will go with thee into thy
lot. So Simeon went with him.

4 And" Judah went up; and the cLord

Before Chrift
1434, or 14.24.
delivered the Canaanites and the Periz- e-E*«i,' z%, m-*d.
& 34:1-*! 241 Deut.
9.1— J-&7. 1*2,
TO, 20, 22, 8Z 11.

f iSsur.. 11, 8.

zites into their hand : and they flew of
them in f Bezek ten thoufand men.
5 And they found Adoni-bezek in
Bezek; and they fought againft him,
and they flew the Canaanites and the
Perizzites. 6 But Adoni-bezek fled ; and they pur
fued after him,, and caught him, and
&ciit off his thumbs and his great toes.
7 And Adoni-beZek faid, Threefcore
and ten kings, having * their thumbs and
their great toes cut off, + gathered their
meat under my table : h as I have done,
fo God hath requited me. And they
brought him to Jerufalem, and there he
died. 8 Now the children of Judah ' had
fought againft fc Jerufalem, and had taken
it, and fmitten it with the edge of the
fword, and fet the city on fire.
9 l And afterward the children ofjudah u^i%%t\l
went down to fight againft the Canaan
ites that dwelt in the mountain, and in
the fouth, and in the * valley. tori™MBn(r,.
10 •[[ And Judah went againft the Ca
naanites that dwelt in m Hebron: (now njjoih.10.1,
the name of Hebron before was Kirjath-

gjnm.2. 13. If. 3j.1v
Lev. 24. ic; — 21.
Exod. 21. 18 — 211
Mat. 7. 2.-ver-7. '
* Heb. the thumbs of
their htends-, -antl-of
theirfeet.
t Or /fiancd.
hISaiti.15.33. Prov.
I. 31. St 13. 21.
Mat. 7. 2. ReV. 13-
10. & 16. 6. Rom.
2. l5vPf. 37. 36*
38. Sc 140. 11.

Jofh. 15/ 63. ver*
21. 2 Sam. 5. 7.
k Jolh. 10. 1,

*thefucCefs ofjudah, Shhetn, and

C II A P.

Before Chi ill
1434, » '424-
II Niim. 13. 21. Jofll.
15. 14. Pf. 33. 17.
Eccl. 9. 11.

t Jolh. if. fS—i%i
1 Sam. 17. 25. Sc
JS. 25,

( Ch. 3. 9. Jofh. 15.
17. 1 Chi. 4. 13.
Gcn.48.20. 1 Sain.
16. 11. Thi-r.d-.ur
of Caleb and Oth-
niel happened Ten
years before this
war of Judah and
Simeon..

arba:) "and they flew Shefhai, and Ahi
man, and Talmai.
1 1 % And from thence he went againft
the inhabitants of Debir: (and the name
of Debir before was Kirjath-fepher :)•
12 And ° Caleb faid, He that fmiteth
Kirjath-fepher, and taketh it, to him
Will I give Achfah my daughter to wife.
13 And p Othniel, the fon of Kenaz,
Caleb's younger brother, took it : and
he gave hito Achfah his daughter to
Wife.. 14 And" it came to pafs, when fhe came
to him, that fhe moved him to afk of her
father a field : and fhe lighted from off
her afs ; and Caleb faid' unto, her, What
Wilt thou ?
15 And fhe 'faid unto him, Give me a
%flts%s?fzi. q bleffing: for thou haft given me a fouth
land; give me alfo fprings of water. And
Caleb gave her the upper fprings and the
nether fprings.
16 ^f And thd ' children ofthe Kenite,
JcL'if^.'jer.' Mofes' father-in-law, Went up out of the
s city of palm trees with the children of
Judah into the ' wildernefs of Judah,
Which lieth in. the fouth of Arad ;. and
they went and dwelt among the people.
r 7 IT And Judah went with Simeon his
brother, and they fiewthe Canaanites that
inhabited Zephath, and utterly deftroyed
it. And the name of the city was called
u Hormah. 1 8 Alfo Judah took x Gaza with the
Eic^si-ch. coa£ thereof, and Afkelon with the coaft
thereof, and Ekron with the coaft thereof.
19 y And the Lord Was With Judah;
and I' he drave out tht inhabitants of the
mountain ; but * could not drive out the
inhabitants ofthe valley, becaufe they had
chariots of iron.
20 a And they gave Hebron unto Ca
leb, as Mofes faid: and he expelled thence
the three fons of Anak.
2 r % And bthe children of Benjamin did
not drive out the Jebufites that inhabited
Jerufalem ; but the Jebufites dwell with
the children of Benjamin in Jerufalem
unto this day. - *
22 % And the c houfe. of Jofeph, they
3

j*, 27. Sz 3d. iS.
Jwfh. 15.19.&22.
7.,2-Kin.5. 15.
Heb. 6. 7.

r S*j63. 3. i: & 18, 1
Num, io> 30. ch.

35
s Deut. 34. 3.
tNum. 24. 21,22. &
21. 1. Jolh. 12. 14.

112Chr.T4.ro. Num.
21.1,3. & M-4S-
Jtjolh. 13. 3. & 15,
,15-74?. istfm.

y- If. 41. 10, 14, 15,
Rom. 8. 31. Join,
j5. 48.
|| Or he foffejed the
mountain.
z Jofll. 7. II. & 13.
6. Sc 17. 18. Mat.
17. 19. & 13.58.

SL Num. 14. 24. Jcfh.
14.13. & 15. 13, &
ai. 11, 12. Sc 15.
14. Num. 13. 22.
ver. 10.
fcjofh. 18.11. 2Sam.
„$.6 — 9. ch. 19. 10
— 12. with ver. 8.
Jolh. 10. I.

c Jofli. 16. 1, 4. 8c S.
17. Jiun. 18. 7.

Ephraim, in extirpating the Cana'aniles.
' lft d Beth-el : and the t^lt 14W

alfo went up agair
Lord was with them.
23 And the houfe of Jofeph fent to
e dtefcry Beth-el. (Now the name of the
city before was f Luz.)
24 And the fpies faw a man come forth
out of the city ; and they faid unto him*
Shew us, we pray thee, the entrance into
the city, and E we will fhew thee mercy.
25 And, When he fhewed them
entrance into the city, h they fmote

d Gen. 12. '6. &: 2bV
ig. Juih. 8.9.

e Jofh. 2. 1. & 7. 2.
ch. iS. z. Pf. nz.
5, Ma;.. 10. 16.
{Gzh. Z8.T9.&48 l'

g Jofh 1. T4. 1
jo. 15. ver.

h Jofh. 6. 23,— z£-

i Gen. if. 20. Ss ip*
%, IO, &C 14. 10._ IE
was probably ia-
Arubu.

the the
city with the edge of the fword ; but they
let go the man and all his family.
26 And the man went into the ' land of
the Hittites, and built a city, and called
the name thereof Luz : which is the name
thereof unto this day.
27 <f[ k Neither did Manaffeh drive 6tit "HtX'l^L
the inhabitants of Beth-fhean and her
towns, nor §Taanach and her. towns, ^S^ot
nor the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, »w-
nor the inhabitants of Ibleam and, her
towns,, nor the inhabitants of Megiddo
and' her towns : but the Canaanites would:
dwell in that land.
28 And it came to pafs, when Ifrael
was ftrong-, that they rput the Canaanites ' bU^'V*
- Oj •/ X , t '* ' V T»J»«t -J " iSi
to tribute, and did not utterly dftVe them
* out. 29 ^F rt Neither did Ephraim drive out
the Canaanites that dwelt in Gezer ; but
the Canaanites dwelt iii Gezer
them. 30 \ "Neither did Zebulun drive out "^'s^'nZ'
the inhabitants of Kitrori, nor the in
habitants of Nahalol ; but the Canaan
ites dwelt among them, and became tri
butaries. 31 f ° Neither did Afhef drive out the 0*frd££T
inhabitants of Accho, nor the inhabitants
of Zidon,. norofAhlab, norofAchzib^
nor of Helbah, nor of Aphik, rior of
Rehob: 32 But the Afhentes p dwelt among the s-
Canaanites, the inhabitants of the land ;,
for they did not drive them out.
22 4 Neither <* did Naphtali drive out q ffij*$ tf£
the inhabitants of Beth-fhemefh, nor the
inhabitants of Beth-anath; but he dwelt
among the Canaanites, the ilihabitants of

Deut. 7. 2. 1 Sam,
15.9. Jer. 48.10.
*'Heb. driving be
drave them not out*
riiJtrlK.l6.Xo. 1 Kin..
9. 16, 17. Pf. 106..
Hi 35-

among.

fthe Ifraelites' finful neglect to

JUDGES.

drive out the Canaanites reproved.

i434°rorCi4M. the had:, neverthelefs, the inhabitants of
Beth-fhemefh and of Beth-anath became
tributaries among them.
34 % And the Amorites forced the
rjofh.is.,0, 11.* children of Dan into the r mountain ;
19. 48. 7
for they would not fuffer them to. come
down to the valley :
2$ But the Amorites would dwell in
5 mount Heres in Ajalon, and in Shaal-
bim : yet the hand of the + houfe of Jo
feph + prevailed, fo that they became
tributaries. 36 And the coaft of the Amorites was
from
the rock, and upward

s Jofh. 19. 42. ch. 12
12. I Kin. 4. 9.
f Who affifted the
Oariitcs.
% Heb. vsat heave.

%ZMi:t,iti from £ the goine up to Akrabbim
Num. 34. j. "

a Chrift, as Gen. 16.
7.*& 22. 11. Exod,
j z. & 14. 19. &
2.3. 20. 3c 33. 14.
Jofh. 5. 1 1, 14. ch.
6. 12. & 13. 3.
b Exod. iii — xiv.
Jofh. Hi— xxi.
Gen. 17, 7, 8.
Exod. 3.7,8. &6.
6.

c Exod. 23. 13, 32,
33. & 34. 12—16.
Num 33. 52, 53.
Deut. 7. 2 — 4, 16
— 15. & 12. z, 3.
& 10. 16— 18;
2-Cor. 6. 14 — 17.
dV; ' 20. Jofh. 23.
13. £xcd. 23. 13.
Sc 34. iz. Nam.
33. 5$. Deut-. 7, 16.
1 Kin. n. 1, 7.
-Pf. 106. 34—40.

CHAP. II.
Contains ( I ) ¦ A folemn meffage, which God fent. to the
Ifraelites by an angel, (viz. Chrif) reproving them
¦ -for not driving out the Canaanites, and the humbling
impreffion it made upon them; I — 5. (2) A general
view of the fate of the Ifraelites during the govern
ment of the judges. * They adhered to the Lord
their God while Jofhua and the elders contemporary
with him lived; 6 — IO : * They foon after revolted
to idolatry ; 1 r — 13 : * God punifhed thfm for their
apoftafy, by delivering them into the hands of their
enemies; 14,15: * In compaffion to them, he raifed
ithem up deliverers ; 16 — 18: 5 They always re-
lapfed into idolatry zvhen the judgments were re
moved; 19: 6 God, in wrath, put a full fop to
their extirpation ofthe Canaanites; 20 — 23.
AND an a angel of the Lord came up
from Gilgal to Bochim, and faid,
6 I made you to go up out of Egypt, and
have brought you unto the land which I
fware unto your fathers ; and I faid, I
will never break my covenant with you.
2 And c ye fhall make no league with
the inhabitants of this land ; ye fhall
throw down their altars : but ye have
not obeyed my voice : why have ye done
this ?
3 Wherefore d 1 alfo laid, 1 will not

drive them out from before you ; but they
fliall be as thorns in your fides, and their
gods fhall be a fnare unto you.
4 And it came to pafs, when the angel
of the Lord fpake thefe words unto all
the children of Ifrael, that the e people
lifted up their voice, and wept.
5 And they called the name of that
place f Bochim : and they g facrificed there
unto the Lord.
6 «[ And, when h Jofhua had let the
people go, the children of Ifrael went
every man unto his inheritance to poffefs
the land.
7 And the people ferved the Lord all
the days of Jofhua, and all the days of
the elders that + outlived Jofhua, who had
feen all the great works of the Lord that
he did for Ifrael.
8 i And Jofhua the fon of Nun, the
fervant of the Lord, died, being an hun
dred and ten years old.
9 And they buried him in the border
of his inheritance in Timnath-heres, in
the mount of Ephraim, on -the north fide
of the hill Gaafli.
io-f And alfo all that generation were
k gathered unto their fathers : and there
arofe another generation after them, which
1 knew not the Lord, nor yet the works
which he had done for Ifrael.
1 1 And the children of Ifrael m did
evil in the fight of the Lord, and ferved
Baalim :
1 2 And they n forfook the Lord God
of their fathers, who brought them out
ofthe land of Egypt, and followed other
gods, ofthe gods ofthe people that were
round about them, and bowed themfelves
unto them, and provoked the Lord to

Before Chrift
1434, or 1424.

e I.Sam. 7. 6. Ezra
10.1. Prov. 17. 10.

f That is, weepers.
Join. 7. 26. Gen-
35-8.
g Ch. 6. 24- Sc 13.19.
I Sam. 7. 9. 1. e.
for expiation of
their Iin.
h Jofh. 24. 28—31.
2 ICin. 12, 2.

f Heb. prolonged daft
after Jofhua.

i Jolh. 24. 29, 30.
Job 30. 23. PI. 49.
7, g, 10. 8c 89. 48.
7.ech. 1. 5. Eccl.
22. 5, 7. Job 5. 26.
About 1434,
or 1424.

kGen. 15. 15. & 25.
8. &49- 33. Num.
27. 13.
1 Exod. 5. 2. If. 5. 12.
Hof. 4 6. ch. 3, 1.
Pf.92.6.Tit.i.i6.
mCh. 3.7.&4.1. &
6. 1. &, 10. 6. &
13. 1. Gen. 13. 13.
£.-38. 7. 2 Kin. 20,
3-

n Deut. xiii. xx. Sc
29- 18. & 31. 16,
17. Sc 32. 15—11.
Exod. 20. 5.

anger.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — Difficult and extenfive is the
work which the people of God and the rulers of nations and
churches have to go through with, after one, would think every
thing was rectified. There is need to acknowledge the Lord in
all our ways, that, being animated by him to our proper work, we
may nrofecute it with courage and fuccefs. And the more honour
or ability God gives to men, the more difficult work he aifigns
them. But God moft fearfully humbles the proud, marks their
fins in their judgments, and metes out to them the me^ifure which
they had meted out to others ; while fuch as fhare with the people

of God in their wildernefs . fufferings (hare alfo in their eternal in
heritance. Our own unbelief, floth, and cowardice, frequently
hinder our performa ice of duty, and prevent or mar much of our
happinefs. Yea, many fecret enemies, ftill abiding in our hearts,
prevent our fully entering into the reft and peace of the gofpel ;
and are caufes of daily difquietude and anxiety. But, in following
bad examples, things readily go on to worfe and worfe. And yet
how great is the goodnefs of God — inftead of calling off his chofen
people, he multiplies his pardons and mercies to thein !

'the Ifraelites' repeated idolatries

CHAP. II, -ITT. .

punifhed with repeated miferies.

Before Chrift
1430, or 1420.
« 1 Kin. 11. 5, 33.
2Kin. 23. 13.
I Sam. 31. 10.
j Cor. 8. 5. Gen.
35.2.
p Nah. 1. 6. Lev. 26.
14—39. Deut. 28.
15— 68. & 29.19—
zi- 8c 31. 17, 18.
Sc 32. 22 — 30. 8c
8.19. &30. 18. oh.
3. 8. Sc 6. 1—6. Sc
jo. 7. Pf. 44- sz,
is. 2 Kin. 17.20.
3. Chr. 15.5.

q Ch. 3. 9, 15. & 4-
5,6. &6. 14. &xi.
xiii. I Sam. vii.

r 2 Chr. 30. 15, 16.
2 Kin. 17. 7 — 17.
Pf. 106. 43. Lev.
17. 7. Hof. 2.2.

s Ver. 7. Jolh. 24.
24, 31.

tjofh.1.5. ch'. iii. iv.
vii, xi. xv. 1 Sara,
vii. Rom. 8. 31.

« Ch.io. 16. Pf. 106.
.44, 45. Exod. 2.
24. Pf. 12. -5. 8c
J02. 17.

X Pf. 106. 43. ch. 3.
.12. & 4. 1.&6. 1.
Sc 10. 6. & 13. I.
Jofh. 24. 31.
-'"aChr. 24. 17, 18;
tf. Or toere corrupt.

y Ch. 3. 8. & 6. 13.
& 10. 7. Deut. 32.
22. & 29. 20. 8c
31. 17. & 7. 4. &
6. 15. Jolh. 23. 16.
If. 5. 25. Jer. 15.
14. &17.4. 2 Km.
J7, 18. & 21.. 15.

13 And they forfook the Lord, and
ferved °Baal and Afhtaroth.
14 ^[ p And the anger of the Lord was
hot againft Ifrael, and he delivered them
into the hands of fpoilers that fpoiled them,
and he fold them into the hands of their
enemies round about, fo that they could
not any longer ftand before their enemies.
15 Whitherfoever they went out, the
hand of the Lord was againft them for
evil, as the Lord had faid, and as the
Lord had fworn unto them: and they
were greatly diftrefied.
16 ^f Neverthelefs, the Lord iraifed
up judges, which * delivered them out of
the hand of thofe that fpoiled them.
1 7 And r yet they would not hearken
unto their judges, but they went a whor
ing after other gods, and bowed them
felves unto them : they turned quickly
out of the sway which their fathers walked
in, obeying the commandments of the
Lord ; but they did not fo.
18 And when the Lord raifed them
up judges then the Lord c was with the
judge, and delivered them out ofthe hand
of their enemies all the days of the judge :
for it " repented the Lord becaufe of
their groanings by reafon of them that
oppreffed them and vexed them.
19 And it came to pafs, when x the
judge was dead, that they returned, and
+ corrupted themfelves more than their
fathers, in following other gods to ferve
them and to bow down unto them ; they
ceafed not from their own, doings, nor
from their ftubborn way.
20 ^[ And y the anger ofthe Lord was

hot againft Ifrael ; and he ¦ faid, Becaufe
that this people hath trarilgrefled my
covenant which I commanded their fa
thers, and have not hearkened unto my
voice ;

Ilefore Ch ill
1430, or 1420,

21

I alfo * will not henceforth drive out 'S^'^-S

ch. 3. 3. Prov. I.
31. Jer. 2. 17, 19.
& 4. 18. & 5. 25.
8c 6. 19.

any from before them of the nations
which Jofhua left when he died:
22 That a through themd may prove 'Sl"'.'^: ?ff
Ifrael, whether they will keep the way of Jofll-23Ii-
the Lord to walk therein, as their fathers
did keep it, or not.
22 Therefore the Lord bleft thofe na- b <** !&•<¦*. s«-
tions, without driving them out haftily; 2'3'
neither delivered he them into the hand
of Jofhua. CHAP. in.
Here we have an account ( I ) Of the enemies left in
Canaan to prove or punifh the Ifraelites, as occafion
required; I — 5. (2) Of the Ifraelites' intermar
rying with thefe heathens, and apoftatizing to their
idolatries ; of the punifhment of their wickednefs by
eight years' oppreffion from the Mefopotamtans, and
the deliverance from it by Othniel; 5 — 11. (3) Their
relapfe into idolatry punifhed with eighteen years' fer-
vitude under the Moabites, and their deliverance by
Ehud; 12 — 30. (4) Shamgar protests them from
the oppreffion of the Philiftines, of whom he flays fix
hundred with an ox-goad ; 31.
NOW thefe are the nations which the
Lord left, to "prove Ifrael by them,
even as many of Ifrael as had b not known
all the wars of Canaan ;
2 Only that the generations of the chil
dren of Ifrael might c know, to teach
them war, at the leaft fuch as before knew
nothing thereof;
3 Namely, d five lords of the Philiftines,
and all the e Canaanites, and the Sido
nians, and the f Hivites that dwelt in

a John 2. 24. ver. A.
ch. 2. 22. Deut. 8.
2. & 13. 3.
b Ch. 2. io. Jofh.

:Pf. 81.13. Jolh. 23.
10. Pf. 44. 13. ifc
59- 11.
I Jofh. 13, 3. iSam.
4. I, z. 8c 6. 17.
ch. 16. 5,8,23. &
10. 7. 8c 12. 13.
1 Sam. iv. xiii.
xxxi.
1 Num. 13.29. Gen.
10. 15.
:Deut. 1. 7. & 3. 9.
Jofh. ,1 1. 3, 17. &
JJ-.S- ch. 4-*-
Num. 34.8. Ezek.
47- 16, 17, 20.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — Inexcufable are the fins of fuch
as enjoy the oracles of God : an* it is but madnefs and felf-deceiv-
ing to expert advantage from friendfhip with the enemies of God
around us, or our own corruptions within us; for, in offending
God by one fin, we provoke him to give us up to a greater, with
the mifery which attends it. And none know how brutiih in fin
they may become if once given up to their heart's lufts ; nor what
plagues and mifery they may meet with in their courfe. What
pains God ufes to check his people's finful rebellion againft him,
or revolting from him ! And deep are the impreJlions of his rebukes
when effedtually bleffed. But ~even then not our tears, however
fincere and penitential, but the atoning facrifice of Jefus Chrift,
can make us pure from our iniquity. Faithful minifters and ma
giftrates are a beneficial reftraint upon nations and churches : yet
6

we may commonly obferve that the power and life of religion
rarely flourifh in a place for more than one generation at a time.
And it is an awful fign to this effecl: when young ones grow up
in ignorance and forgetfulnefs of God and his mighty works. But
how infinite the extent of God's mercy and patience! he bears
with, and even pardons and delivers, tranfgreffors in the moment of
their greateft extremity; and calls and bleffes inftruments for that
end. But, Lord, what are men ! they often become more hardened
under fuch mercies and judgments — at the hazard of provokino-
thee to the uttermoft, they return again and again to the very
abomination for which they had formerly finarted ! No wonder
then that they are given up to uncommon rage of lufts, or of laft
ing punifhment.

9%? Ifraelites9 repealed idblat

rtes

JUDG E S. punifhed by iffkfopotnmians and Moo-bite's.

Before Chrift
1430, or J420.

;Exo.l 15. sc Deut.
8. 2. fc n 3. &
3^. 8. i^'o-. 11.
111. fee v-er. I. ch.

-i Pf. to6. 34—38. Sc
sza. 5. ch. 1. 29—
32. i: 1.3,21,23.
with Gen. 15. 18
—21. Exod. 3. 8.
ik 34. 11. Deut.
7. I.

¦i k ce-1. 34. 16. Deut.
7. 3. I Kin. IT. I,
%. Ezek. !&. 3.

\ Ver. 12, 13. & 4.
1. 8c 6. 1. Jer. 2.
32. ch. 2. 11 — 13.
.Deut. 16. 21. tic
31. 17, 18, 29, &
32. 15— i2l. Exod.
34. 13.
About 1425,
-or. 1415.
!Ch.2. 14,20. Deut.
28. 47, 48.

mount Lebanon, from mount Baal-her-
mon unto the entering in of Hamath.
4 And they were s to prove Ifrael by
them, to know whether they would
hearken unto the commandments of the
Lord, which he commanded their fathers
by the hand of Mofes.
5 5f And the children of Ifrael h dwelt
among the Canaanites, Hittites, and
Amorites, and Perizzites, and Hivites,
and Jebufites :
6 And they ' took their daughters to be
their wives, and
their fons, and ferved their gods
7 And the children of k Ifrael did evil
in the fight of the Lord, and forgat the
Lord their God, and ferved Baalim and

gave their daughters to

the groves.

in Heb. Aram-naha-
raim. Pf. 60. title
Acts 7. 2.

»Tf. 78. 34. 8c 106.
44. Sc 50.15. Lev.
26. 40 — 44. Deut.
4.30, 31. ch.4. 3.
& 6. 6. & 10. 10,
12, 15. Sc 2. 16.
ver. 25. Pf. 76. 34
— 37. Jer. 22. 23.
I Sam. 12. ic.
,-f Heb. fav'mr.
• Jofh. 15. 17. ch. I.
13. J Chr. 4. 13.
f Ch. 6. 34- Sc U.29.
&13.25. &14. 6.
j Sam. 10. 6. &16.
T3.-2Cbr. 20. 14,
Mum. 27. 18.- Mic.
.7.8.

^Joih. 11. 23. Efth.
- a. '22, 30. oh. 5.
31.Sca.ca.
About I377>
or 1375.
Whether the refts
under Gthniel,
Ehud, Barak, 'arid
Gideon, included
the years- of- the
preceding, calami
ties ; or Vrhetheri
after Jair, the
Judges were con
temporary, is un
certain; and
therefore dates
correfpondent to
tooth are marked.
r.Ch. 2. II, 17, 19.
PC. 78. 32. Hot 6.
4-
9 j Sam. T2. 9. John
19. 11. Pf. 14°- *•
Detit. 32. 30.
t Deut. 34. 3. ch. 1.
li.
« Lev. 26. 23 — 25.
Deut. 28. 47, 48.
% Pf. 50. 15. & 106,
44- ver. 3.

8 ^[ Therefore 1 the anger of the Lord
was hot againft Ifrael, and he fold them
into the hand of Chufhan-rifhathaim king
of' ra Mefopotamia. And the children of
Ifrael ferved Chufhan-rifhathaim eight
years. 9 And n when the children of Ifrael cried
unto the Lord the Lord railed up a
+ deliverer to the children of Ifrael, who
delivered them, even ° Othniel the fon
of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother.
10 And the p fpirit ofthe Lord came
upon him, and he judged Ifrael, and went
out to war: and the Lord delivered Chu
fhan-rifhathaim king of Mefopotamia into
his hand ; and his hand prevailed againft
Chufhan-rifhathaim. 1 1 And the land " had reft forty years.
And Othniel the fon of Kenaz died.
12 ^f And the children of Ifrael r did
evil again in the fight of the Lord : and
the Lord ftrengthened s Eglon the king
of Moab againft Ifrael, becaufe they had
done evil in the fight of the Lord.
13 And he gathered unto him
children of Ammon and Amalek,
went and fmote Ifrael, and poflefled '
city of palm trees.
1 4 u So the children of Ifrael ferved
Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years.
15 But, when the children of Ifrael
x cried unto the Lord, the Lord raifed

the
and the

% Or the fon offemmi.
y Heb. fhut ofhh
¦ right hand. ' Ch.
ao. 16,47. i^Chr.
12. a.
z Prov. 21.14. &18.
16. & 19. 6.
a Pf. 149.6. Rev. 1.
16. & 2. 12.

Eglon

them up a deliverer, Ehud the fon of ^HrT^j
Gera, + a Benjamite, a man y left-handed :
and by him the children of Ifrael z fent a
prefent unto Eglon the king of Moab.
1 6 But Ehud made him a dagger which
had '" two edges, of a cubit length ; and
he did gird it under his raiment upon his
right thigh.
17 And he brought the prefent unto 1359, or 1353
ng of Moab : and Eglon was a
very fat man.
1 8 And, when he had made an end to
offer the prefent, he fent away the people
that bare the prefent.
19 But he himfelf turned again from
the b quarries that were by Gilgal, and
faid, I have a fecret errand unto thee, O
king: who faid, Keep filence. And all
that ftood by him went out from him.
20 And Ehud came unto him ; and he
was fitting in a c fummer parlour, which
he had for himfelf, alone. And Ehud faid,
I have a .d meflage from God unto thee.
And he e arofe out of his feat.
21 And Ehud put forth his left hand,
and took the dagger from his right thigh,
and f thruft it into his belly :
22 And the haft alfo went in after the
blade ; and the fat clofed upon the blade,
fo, that he could not draw the dagger out
of his belly ; and the- + dirt came out,
27 Then g Ehud went forth through sMat.ip, 16. ec.*
the porch, and fhut the doors of the
parlour upon him, and locked them.
24 When he was gone out his fervants
came ; and when they faw that, behold,
the doors ofthe parlour were locked, they
faid, Surely he h covereth his feet in his horM/rt*
fummer chamber,
25 And they tarried • till they were
afhamed : and, behold, he opened not
the doors of the parlour ; therefore they
took 'a key, and opened them: and, be
hold, their lord was fallen down dead on
the earth.
26 And Ehud efcaped while they tar
ried, and pafled beyond the .quarries, and'»^>«wM,
efcaped unto Seirath. k'[°tds8c9Jc77'
¦ 27 And it came to pafs, when he was &'«£?.& &J£
1 1 ; V . .1. SC 19- I- I Sain. 1.
come, that he 'jblew a trumpet 111 * the &*?£^504;,|:

b Otjrsven images.
Jofh. 4. 20. It
ieems they wor~
ihippedthe twelve
ftones erefted
there.

c Heb. a parlour e/
cooling. Amos 3.15.

d Mic. 6. 9. Amo*
1. a.
e Pf. 29. 1. 1 Theft
a. ii.

f Num. 15. 7, g.
i Sam. 15. 33. Jo*
ao. 25. Zech* *$>
3- £ a. 7.

t Or h came mt at
the fundament.

b nature,
iJSajd. 24. j.

CHAP. IV.

Before Chrift
1359, or 1355.

ICh. 7. 17. & 4.10.
i Sam. 17. 47. Pf.
HJ. I.

ni Jofh. 2.7. ch. 7.
24. & 12. 5.

s Heb. fat. Pf. 17.
10. Deut. 32. 15.
Job 15. 27. Pf. 22.
29. & 119.70.

B Ch. 2. 16, iS. Sc 15.
' i(j. iCor. I. 27.

Ehud and Shamgar deliver Ifrael.
mountain of Ephraim, and the children
of Ifrael went down with him from the
mount, and he before them.
28 And he faid unto them, ' Follow
after me : for the Lord hath delivered
your enemies the Moabites into your
hand. And they went down after him,
and took the m fords of Jordan toward
Moab, and fuffered not a man to pafs
over. 29 And they flew of Moab at that
time about ten thoufand men, all " lufty,
and all men of valour ; and there efcaped
not a man.
30 So Moab was fubdued that day
8Seet10teonver.11. under the hand of Ifrael. ° And the land
had reft fourfcore years.
3 1 ^[ And after him was p Shamgar the
fon of Anath, who flew ofthe Philiftines
fix hundred men with an ox-goad : and
he alfo delivered Ifrael.
CHAP. IV.
Here ( 1 ) The Ifraelites again revolt from God, and
are punifhed with twenty years' terrible oppreffion by
the Canaanites, , whom they had finfully left in the
land; I — 3. (2) Deborah, as the judge of Ifrael,
calls for Barak, and concerts their deliverance : but,
to punifh his unbelieving cowardice, the glory of the
viEtory is affigned to a woman ; 4 — 9. (3) Barak,
attended by Deborah and ten thoufand untrained
men, defeat the mighty army of the Canaanites ; and
Sifera, their general, is fiain by Jael, the wife of
Heber; 10 — 24.
N D the children . of Ifrael a again
did evil in the fight of the Lord
when Ehud was dead.
2 And the Lord b fold them into the
hand of Jabin king of Canaan, that
reigned in c Hazor ; the captain of whofe
hoft was Sifera, who dwelt in d Harofheth
of e the Gentiles.
¦2 And the children of Ifrael f cried

Canaanites opprefs the Ifraelites.
unto the Lord : for he had nine hundred ia7e9°ror 1293.
8 chariots of iron; and twenty years he %i^j.^t.
mightily oppreffed the children of Ifrael.
4 f And* h Deborah a prophetefs, the^&ft.™-
wife of Lapidoth, fhe judged Ifrael at that
time. 5 And (he dwelt under j the palm tree icr^Tzt
of Deborah between Ramah and Beth- cir. 1259.
el in mount Ephraim : and the children Dr "7*
of Ifrael came up to her for judgment.
6 And fhe fent and called k Barak the k™£r**
fon of Abinoam out of l Kedefli-Naph- '^Ver.'^
tali, and faid unto him, Hath not the
m Lord God of Ifrael commanded, faying, mi»?Y**i>- '*«•.
Go and draw toward n mount Tabor, »^K^
and take with thee ° ten thoufand men ]ti.^ii^dX
of the children of Naphtali and of theo^5,^_j8.
children of Zebulun ?
7 And I p will draw unto thee, to the p %:^tilu
I --.to err 1 ¦ C Mat. 6. 13. PI. 115.
1 river Kifhon, Sifera, the captain ot lp™. 2.. 30,31.
Jabin's army, with his chariots and his *%\%f!£!$
multitude; and I will deliver him into
thine hand.
•8 And Barak faid unto her, r If thou r|*^4-|!"i
wilt go with me, then I will go ; but, if
thou wilt not go with me, then I will not

go

1279, or 1293.
a Ch. 2. 19, 20. Lev.
26.23 — z5- Jcr- 5-
3-
b See eh. 2.14, t$.8s
10. 7. Ii. 50,. 1.
1 Sam. 12. 9. Pf.
44. 12. Deut. 32.
30.
C Jofll. TI. I, IO. &
19. 36.
d Ver. 13.
e Jofh. T2. 23. 1. 1.
nations of Gilgal;
f Ch. 3. 9, 15. & 10.
16. &6.6 P1.7S.
M— ?7 'Jer- **•*?¦
1 Sam. 12. 10.

A

Reflections upon Chap. flf. — While men are on earth,
inward corruptions and outward enemies will be ftill left, to prove
their ftedfaftnefs or exercife their graces. One of the moft dan
gerous fnares is an irreligious partner in marriage, which is ruinous
in its confequence?, as it opens a wide inlet to every abomination,
and generally leads to forgetfulnefs of God. But God can eafily
find inftruments to punifh us, far or near, even among our own
relations. And yet how light, efpecially at firft, are his ftrokes
of vengeance in comparifon of what our iniquities deferve. God
alfo can eafily find and qualify inftruments for the deliverance of
his people : and ordinarily he employs fuch as have been moft
Vol. I.

9 And fhe faid, I will furely go with
thee : s notwithftanding, the journey that
thou takeft fhall not be for thine honour ;
for the Lord * fhall fell Sifera into the <c_!;-'4'ra'"
hand of a woman. And Deborah arofe,
and went with Barak to "Kedefh.
10 % And Barak called x Zebulun and
Naphtali to Kedefh; and he went vp yA£ni
with ten thoufand men at y his feet ; and »¦ «¦
Deborah \\ ent up with him.
1 1 Now z Heber the Kenite, who was
of the children of Hobab the father-in-
law of Mofes, had fevered himfelf from
the Kenites, and pitched his tent unto

s Pf. 99. 8. Sc 89.
3'— 33-

u Ver. 6, I0,TI.
x Ver. 6. ch. s. 18.

z Ch. 1; 16. X'Jm.
24. 21. Sc 10. ll).
Exod. 2. 18. Sc j.
1. & 18. 1.

courageous and faithful in his work, or fuch as feem naturally moft
unfit for it. But, if we, after deliverances, return to our own fins,
we may expeft that God will return to judgment : and, if lighter
corrections have been ineffeclual, God will make them longer and
heavier. Nor is any inftrument fo defpicable, but he can make it
the rod of his anger. Wicked men,- kings not excepted, are often
fattened up to their own fhame and deftru<Stion, and find their mef*
fage from God in a ruinous ftroke of his wrath. But eafy work is
the ruin of the ftrongeft enemies when we are called, directed, ajid
affifted by God! Aaa

Barak and Deborah defeat Sifera.

JUDG ES.

Jael kills him inhis flight.

-Befbre Chtift
1259, or 1273.
A Jolh. 19.31,37.

l>Pf. 89. 12. Jofh. 19.
12, 22, 34. Jer. 46.
j8. fee ver. 6, 14.
• Heb. gathered by
try, ot proclamation,
£ Ver. 2.

About 1259.
orr.273.
dSee ver .7.

e If. 52.12. & 24. 23
ch. 5. 20, 21.
aSam. 5. 24. If.
41.- 10, J5, 16.
Rom. 8. 31,

fPr.83.9, 10. Jofh-
10. 10, n. ch. 5.
«o,2i. 2Kin.7>6.
2 Chr. 13, 15—17.

gLev.'2fi.7,8. Jofh.
10,19, 20. & 11. 8,
PI. 104. 35. Rom.
z. 12. Jam. 2. 13.
Jer. 48. 10.

¦r Heb. tmto one.
k Pf. 107. 40. Job 12.
20. Sc 18. 7—12.
&40. 11, 12. Pf.
•35t ii. Prov.
23.

.1 Ver. 2, IJ.

% Or ri//;, or blanket
Ti. Ch. 5. 25, Jer. 35.

the a plain of Zaanaim, which is by Ke
defh. 1 2 And they fhewed Sifera that Barak
the fon of Abinoam was gone up to
b mount Tabor.
13 And Sifera * gathered together all
his chariots, even nine hundred chariots
of iron, and all the people that were wifh
him, from c Harofheth of the Gentiles
unto the river of d Kifhom
1 4 And Deborah faid unto Barak, Up ;
for this is the day in which the Lord hath
delivered, Sifera into thine hand : c is not
the Lord gOne out before thee ? So Ba
rak went down from mount Tabor, and
ten thoufand men after him.
1.5 And f the Lord difcomfited Sifera,
and all his chariots, and all his hoft, , with
the edge of the fword before Barak ; fo
that Sifera lighted down off his chariot,
and fled away on his feet.
1 6 But Barak g purfued after the cha
riots, and after the hoft, unto Harofheth
of the Gentiles : and all the hoft of Sifera
fell upon the edge of the fword ; and there
was not + a man left.
17 ^[ Howbeit Sifera h fled away on his
feet to the tent of Jael the wife of Heber
the Kenite : for there was peace between
1 Jabin the king of Hazor and the houfe
of Heber the Kenite.
18 And Jael went .out to meet Sifera,
and faid unto him, Turn in, my lord,
turn in to me ; fear not. And, when he
had turned in unto her into the tent, fhe
covered him with a + mantle.
19, And he faid unto her, k Give me,
I pray thee, a little water to drink, for
I am thirfty, And fhe opened a bottle of

milk,him.

and gave him drink, and covered

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — Long-continued peace and
profperity are often made the occafion of great wickednefs, which
iffues in heavier and fharper punifhments than any formerly met with.
But a merciful God readily hears the cries of his people under the
diftrefs which they have provoked him to lay upon them : -and in
his work of deliverance thefe is neither male nor female, but he
^himfelf is all and in all ! Such, as through unbelief are too
eagerly defirous of human help or encouragement, are often pu
nifhed with a lofs of part of that honour which they might other-
wife have had. But fearful, irrefiftible, and unavoidable, is the

Before Chrift
1259, or 1273,

17-49- J Cor. 1.
27. It feem* that
Jael at firft in
tended kindnefs'
to Sifera \ but the
Lord directed her
to. kill him, as an
open enemy and
murderer of the,
Ifraelites..
II Heb.. put.

20 Again he faid unto her, Stand in
the door ofthe tent; and it fhall be,
when any man doth come and inquire
of thee, and fay, Is there any man here ?
that thou fhalt fay, No.
21 Then Jael Heber's wife took a ' nail ' SJUS"^
ofthe tent,^ and » took an hammer in her
hand, and went foftly unto him, and
fmote the nail into his temples, and fatt
ened it into the ground : for he was faft
afleep and weary" : So he died.
22 And, behold, as Barak purfued
Sifera, Jael came out to meet him, and faid
unto him, Come, and I will fhew thee
the man whom thou feekeft. And, when
he came into her tent, behold, Sifera lay
dead, and the nail was in his temples.
23 f So ra God fubdued on that day "£&&"£*
Jabin the king of Canaan before the chil
dren of Ifrael.
24 And the hand of the children of
Ifrael "profpered, and prevailed againft "ShSfiT*
Jabin the kins of Canaan until they had i^-'^-d°z.cL
** O J 1. 15. 2 Tim. 3>5&>
deftroyed Jabin king of Canaan. isam.*.!*.
CHAP. V.
Is an hymn compofed by Deborah and Barak, upon occa
fion of their viiiory over the Canaanites. (1) It be
gins with high praifes to God their deliverer, and
compares his prefent appearances for them with thofe
at Sinai; I — 5. (2) It magnifies their deliverance
from the calamitous condition in which the country
had been, having no fafety in walking by the way, or
living in their villages, and being defiitute of arpis j
6 — 8. (3) It calls thofe who had fhared in the be
nefit, whether nobles, common people, leaders, or fol
diers, to join in thankfgiving; 9 — 13. (4)..// re-
fieds honour upon the tribes of Ephraim, Iffachar^
Benjamin, and Manaffeh, which had contributed
leaders or ajfifiants ; and chiefly on Zebulun and
Naphtali, which had borne the principal burden in
the war ; 13 — 15,18: and difhonour upon the Reu
benites, Gadites, Manaffites, beyond Jordan, Danites,
and Afherites ; but efpecially on the inhabitants of
Mero%, who had declined engaging in it; 15 — 1 7, 33.
(5) // celebrates God's fighting againft the Canaan-

rum which proud finners fhall meet with when and where they ex
pected nothing but fafety, victory, and triumph. When God at
tacks there is no ftanding : when he purities there is no efcaping :
when he begins he will alfo make an end : but fuch as truft in him
fhalf never be difappointed. They who go forth in faith fhall re
turn victorious. Even the weak things ofthe world fliall confound
the mighty. And happy is it for us even when dear-bought expe
rience animates us at laft to mortify our corruptions, and purge out
the Canaanites from the church of Chrift.

Barak and Deborah's

CHAP. V.

Before Chrift
1259, or 1273.

'ties by fiars and rivers, as well as by the Ifraelites ;
19—22. (6) It largely celebrates the fiaughter
bf Sifera by Jael, and the difappointment of his im
pious mother; 24 — 30. (7) // concludes with a
prayed for a fimilar defiruhion of all God's ene
mies; 31.
'?$£ £? nP-HEN * fang Deborah and Barak the
™»i.Rw.'i9-i,4- JL fong of Abinoam on that day,' fay
ing,
k&9t.V.'&94'1" 2 h Praife ye the Lord for the aveng-
, ver. 9. pr. no. !¦ ing of Ifrael, when the people c willingly
offered themfelves.
*££,!££.*«. 3 Hear, dO ye kings; give ear, O ye
eW'M''~o'.&7K princes; e I, even I, will fing unto the
f'&E8^&: Lord; I will fing praife to the Lord
2.»'2?'5' God of Ifrael.
rD2eHab4'3"'.£o4. 4 Lord, f when thou wenteft out of
l\*+ju&t:8c Seir, when thou marchedft out of the
H. 14,15. field of Edom, the earth trembled, and
the heavens dropped, the clouds alfo
dropped water.
'^ftjii* 5 s The mountains melted from before
S-1?.' the Lord, * even that Sinai, from before
• Heb.jW,. the LoRD Go(J of JfraeL
ll Ch. 3. 31. & 4. 18.
Lev. 26.22. 2 Chr.
Mil

5. Lam. I. 4.
c. 3. 11, 12.

i Efth. 9. 19. Jer. 35
jo, 11.

Ch. 1. 12. & xvii.
xviii. Deut. 32. 16
—21.
m I Sam. 13. in,
l*:v. 26.36. ch.
21. 25.

6, In the days of h Shamgar the fon of
Anath, in the days of Jael, the high-
f fa.bhs.waU""f ways were unoccupied, and the + travel-
t Heb. cooked w.ys. lers walked through + by-ways.
7 The inhabitants of ' the villages
ceafed, they ceafed in Ifrael, until that I
k ch.,.4,6.ir. 49- Deborah arofe, that I arofe a k mother in
Ifrael. 8 They ' chofe new gods ; then was
_ war in the gates : was m there a fhield
* or fpear feen among forty thoufand in
Ifrael? 9 My heart is toward the governors of
Ifrael that offered themfelves willingly
among the people. Blefs ye the Lord.
1 0 " Speak, n ye that ride on white
^ftlffftsi affes, ye that fit in judgment, and walk
-Pf. 107.32. , J J JO
by the way.
° stU^H'cm. 11 •'They that are delivered from ° the
dterrr'obbin/peo- noife of archers in the places of draw-
'"' ing water, there fhall they rehearfe the
IflliosTfl'1" p righteous adfs of the Lord, even the
6.sj.niV.,6i?7.Mlc' righteous a&s toward the inhabitants of his
villages, in Ifrael: then fhall the people
ich.4.,6.if.28.6. ofthe Lord * go down to the gates.
'i-U'i8^.'03'1* I2 r Awake, awake, Deborah: awake,
awake, utter a fong : arife, Barak, and

Or Meditate.
nMoblei. Pf. iij. y,

triumphal fong of praife to God.
5 lead thy captivity captive, thou fon of xfl^fm 1273.
Abinoam. »w.68,ia.Epii.4.*.
13 Then 'he made him that remaineth x%lS:tltil
have dominion over the nobles among the eX!?-^ _
people : the Lord made me have domi
nion over the mighty.
14 " Out of Ephraim was there a root a^{.iJfm-
of them againft Amalek ; * after thee, ^ 4.. 0,14.™^
Benjamin, among thy people ; out of aU,tlc-
11 IT I • 1 S S. S. y N„m_ .J, JJ) ^
y Machir came down governors, and out joo..i7.i.-
of Zebulun *they that handle the pen 0f*JS;- *»"***»
the writer.
15 And the z princes of Iffachar were z,Chr-is^'
with Deborah ; even Iflachar, and alfo
Barak; he was fent on t foot into the t ha. *»/«*.
valley. a For the divifions of -Reuben '%?&%!&'
there were great b thoughts of heart. b p1*;/""*™-
16 Why abodeft thou c among the *c"'"f'mi
fheepfolds, to hear the Heatings of the c ^lil'ik."
flocks ? § For the divifions of Reuben there s™™*™™-
were great fearchings of heart.
1 7 Gilead abode beyond Jordan : and
why did Dan remain in * fhips ? Afher •<**"-
continued on the fea fhore, and abode in
his "r breaches. tor «««.».
18 d Zebulun and Naphtali were a deh- 4,,a
people that * e jeoparded their lives unto ?J^sr**""
the death in l the high places of the field. '^^-J^
19 The s kings came and fought; then ^\f~'
fought the kings of Canaan in hTaanach gPC'^.^.&I,1g.t
by the waters of Megiddo ; they took no &fo'.*l.v''7'14*
gain of money. *?£¦££££
20 'They fought from heaven; the in. 77,17,18^01*4
ftars in their " courfes fought againft >°- ' '
Sifera. IIHd">0'*'-
2 1 k The river of Kifhon fwept them k%\i7$£\Z?
away, that ancient river, the river Ki- 4°'
fhon. 'O, my foul, thou haft trodden lSeev«- •»•
down ftrength.
22mThen were the horfe-hoofs broken m%-jfll%™-?'
by the means of the Sprancings, the $ or i,™^, «
J • c ^1 • • t-s. plunging.
prancings of their mighty ones.
23 Curfe ye Meroz, faid the a angel n&Vo.&*3.'"-
of the Lord, curfe ye bitterly the inha- iliwWs:
bitants thereof; becaufe they ° came not •^(^l^,
to the help of the Lord, to the help of Jor "t8',°'
the Lord againft the mighty.
24 p Blefied above women fhall Jael the "££$&%$.
wife of Heber the Kenite be ; blefled fhall
fhe be above women in the tent.
A a a 2

Jael praifed: Sifera s mother 's hopes.

JUDGES.

Ifrael oppreffed by the Midianites.

Before Chrift
:259,ori273.

25 qHe afked water, and me gave him
,01.4.19,20. milk; fhe brought forth butter in. a lordly
difh. 26 She put her hand to the nail, and
her right hand to the workman's ham-
oHAi.p,, hammered. mer • and * with the hammer fhe. fmote
Sifera ; fhe fmote off his head when fhe
had pierced and ftricken through his
temples.
iHeb.B.tween. 2 7 + At her feet he bowed, he fell,
he lay down : at her feet he bowed, he
fell : where he bowed there he fell down
t Heb. <»«»«!. Pf. i- Ae-sA
52. 7. Stat. 7, 2. UCclU.
jam. 2. .3. 3g The mother of Sifera looked out at
a window, and cried through the lattice,
Why is his chariot fo long in coming ?
why tarry the wheels of his chariots ?
29 Her wife ladies anfwered her; yea,
«HA.fcr«»*. -fhe returned ]l anfwer to herfelf,
30 s Have they not fped ? have they
mnderthem. ^ divided the prey ; § to every man a
totheheadof r J> J
damfel or two ; to Sifera a prey of divers
colours, a prey of divers colours of needle
work, of divers colours of needle-work
on both fides, meet for the necks of them
that take the fpoil ? '
31 ' So let all thine enemies perifh, O
£ "9.V68.i;S Lord : but let them u that love him be
fun when he goeth forth in his
And the land had reft x forty

vernment in the extirpation of idolatry and eflablifh-
ment ofthe true worfhip of God in his own city;. 25 —
32. (5) Having levied an army, their fuccefs is
confirmed to them by the alternate fall of the dew on
the fleece and on the ground; 33 — 40.

. Before Chrifl
I2l9i0r 1253.

3 Exod.15. 9. Job 20.
5. The virlory and
tpoil hinder them.
4 Heb. * man.

t Pf, 83. 9—18. &
4!. 4— 11. Sc 58.

11 Eph. 6.24. Pf- 19- a« fflP
5. Sc 37/6. 2 Sam. «•>> »-ilc
zt-.t Prov. 4. 18. • 1_ ^
job 17.9. n. 40 31. mignt.
x Ch. 3. 11, 31. with
Join. 11. 23.

years.

It ended
Before Chrift
about I2I9j
or 1253.

CHAP.

VI.

Here ( I ) The Ifraelites' repeated apoftafy to their idols
is punifhed with feven years' terrible hardffment by
the Midianites and other Arabians; I — 6. (2) To
prepare them for deliverance, God convinces them of
their fin by a prophet ; 7 — 10. (3) Notwithftand
ing his evafion, Gideon is folemnly called by God to be
their deliverer, and hath his call confirmed by a fign ;
1 1 — 24. (4) By God's direction, he begins his go-

AN D the children of Ifrael a did evil
in the fight of the Lord : and the
Lord delivered them into the hand of
b Midian feven years.
2 c And the hand of Midian * pre
vailed againft Ifrael : and becaufe of the
Midianites the children of Ifrael made
them d the dens which are in the moun
tains, and caves, and ftrong holds.
3 And fo it was, when Ifrael had fown,
that the Midianites came up, and the
Amalekites, and c the children of the
eaft, even they came up againft them ;
4 And they f encamped againft them,
and deftroyed the increafe of the earth,
till thou come unto E Gaza, and left no
fuftenance for Ifrael, neither T fheep, nor
ox, nor afs.
5 For they came up with their cattle
and their h tents, and they came as
' grafshoppers for multitude ; for both
they and their camels were without num
ber: and they entered into the land to
deftroy it.
6 And Ifrael was greatly impoverifhed
becaufe of the Midianites ; and k the
children of Ifrael cried unto the Lord.
7 *([ And it came to pafs, when the
children of Ifrael cried unto the Lord
becaufe of the Midianites,
8 That the Lord fent * a prophet unto
the children of Ifrael, who faid unto
them, 'Thus faith the Lord God of Ifrael,
m I brought you up from Egypt, and

a Ch. 2. 14.& 3. 7,
12. 8c A. i.Lev.zo.
14 — 39. Deut. 28.
15— 68. Neh. 9. zi
— 29. 2 Pet. 2. 20
— 22.
b Gen. 25. 2. Num.
25. 18.
c Lev. 2/5. 17. Deut.
28. 47, 48.
* Heb. was ftrong.

d 1 Sam. 13. 6. Heb,
11. 38.

e Ch. 8. 10, 11. Jc*
1. 3. 1 Chr. 5. 19,

f Deut. 28. 30 — At.
Lev. 26. 25, 26.

g Gen. 10. 19.. Deut.
3. 23. Jofh. 10. 41.
Sc 11.22. & 15. 47.
ch. I. 18.
f Ot goat.
h If. ij. 20.
i Ch. 7. 12. Sc 8. 10.

k Ch. 3. 9, ij. Sc 4.
3. 8: id. 10,15. P'-
21. 34. Sc 106. 44.
ol. 5. 15. If. 16.
16. Jer. 22. 23. Pf.
50..I5- & 102. 17.
Sc 34. 6, 15.
X Heb. a man, a prs-
phet.
ICh. 4.6. cc 2. 1—3.
m Exod. i — xiv.
Num. 21. 24 — 35.
Jofh. vi — xxi.
Neh. 9. 7— 30. Pf.
cv. cvi. exxxv.
exxxvi. Ixxviii.
If. 63. 9—13.
Ezek. 20. 5— '2th-
Jer. 32.2c — 22.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — God muft have all the glory
of his work ; whoever be the inftruments, the fuccefs is entirely
owing to him. His new favours fhould occafion an affetSHng re
membrance of former ones, and of our relation to him as our God :
and the heights of his mercy fhould be compared with the depths of
diftrefs into which our apoftafy from him hath brought us. — Oh !
What woes befall people in every place and ftation when God de
parts from them! They have no comfort, no fafety, no protection,
left. And, though the enemies of the Lord are unanimous and
hearty againft him and his interefts, yet certain is their final deftruc
tion; fmce even the irrational creation ftands ready armed to de
ftroy them. Eminent and lafting honours await thofe who hear
tily efpoufe the caufe of Chrift when it is in great danger, and who
6 . ,

are determined to conquer or to die ; but fhame and curfes fhall
defcend on thofe who, for their eafe or carnal advantage, remain
neutral and unconcerned. Such as would fave their lives by their
cowardice or carnal fears fhall lofe them ; and fuch as are afraid
or afhamed to join God's people in an evil day fhall be held as de-
ferters from God's camp, and treated accordingly. Death makes
eafy work with the mighteft heroes: and bitter is the meeting
with terrible difafters, when our vain hopes of fuccefs, glory, and
wealth, are wound up to the higheft. But how bright and lafting
the glory of fuch as fight the good fight of faith, and work by love
to the Lord ! Their path is like the riling fan, ftiining brighter and
brighter to the perfedt day.

Gideon Is called to deliver IfraeL

CHAP. VI.

He begins by reforming his own city.

Before Chrift
12 iz, or 1246.

nExod. 20. 1, j.
2 Kin. 17-35—38-
Jer. 10. 2.

e Ch. 2. ia, 17* *9-
Deut. J2. 15— z\-
a Kin. 17. 7—17-
p See Ch. 1.2. & ?.
2j. ver. 14, 16. ch.
ij. 2. If. 63.9.
q Ver. 24. & S. 27,
32. not Jofh. 18.
23. iS.un, 13.17.
t Jofh. 17. 2. Heb.
11. 32. cfc. 8. 2,32.
ver. 34.
[{ Heb. to caufe it to
fit-e. About 12 12,
or 1246.
sDan. 9. 23. Luke
1.2S. Ruth 2. 4.
Rom. 8. 31. If. 41.
jo, 14—16.

t Deut. 20. 24. Pf.
25. 6. & 89. 49. If,
59. IT2. &63- 14
15. Deut. 31. 17'
Jer. 22. S, 9.

u Ver. 8, 9. 1 Sara.
12. u.
X Ver. i, *.

y Tohn 20. 22. ch. 4,
6. Jafli. 1 ¦ 5— y-
j Sam. 12. 11.
, Exod. 3. 10.

* Luke 1. 34. Mat.
14. ;o, 31. Exod.
3. n. & 4. 10,12.
1 Sam. 9. 11. Heb.
11. 32.
a Heb. my thoufand it
the meanefi.' Exod.
13. 25. Mic. 5. 2.
fa Exod. 3. 12. Jofh.
I. 5. ver. 12, 14.
Horn. 8. 31. If. 41.
10, 14—16. Heb.
13- 5> 6-

C Gen. 15. 8 — 17.
Exod. 4. 1—9.
•a Kin. 20. 8. Pf.
86.17.

d Gen. 18. 5. Be 19.
3. ch. 13.15.
* Or niedt-vffer'mg.

brought vou forth out of the houfe of
bondage ;
9 And I delivered you out of the hand
ofthe Egyptians, and out ofthe hand of
all that oppreffed you, and drave them out
from before you,- and gave you their land ;
10 And I faid unto you, n I am the
Lord your God ; fear not the gods of
the Amorites, in whofe land ye dwell.:
0 but ye have not obeyed my voice.
,,, 1 1 % And there came an p angel of the
Lord, and fat under an oak which was
in q Ophrah, that pertained unto Joafh the
r Abi-ezrite : and his ion Gideon threfhed
wheat by the wine prefs, II to hide // from
the Midianites.
1 2 And the angel ofthe Lord appeared
unto him, .and faid unto him, s The
Lord is with thee, thou mighty man of
valour. 1 2 And Gideon faid unto him, Oh, my
lord, if the Lord be with us, c why then
is all this befallen us ? and where be all
his miracles which our fathers told us of,
faying, " Did not the Lord bring us up
from Egypt ? x but now the Lord hath
forfaken us, and delivered us -'"into the
hands of the Midianites.
14 And the Lord looked upon him,
and faid, ? Go in this thy might, and
thou fhalt fave Ifrael from the hand of
the Midianites : have not I fent thee ?
, 1 5 And he faid unto him, Oh, my lord,
1 wherewith fhall I fave Ifrael ? behold,
a my family is poor in Manaffeh, and I
am the leafl in my father's houfe.
16 And the Lord faid unto him,
b Surely I will be with thee, and thou
fhalt fmite the Midianites as one man.
1 7 And he faid unto him, If now I
have found grace in thy fight, c then fhew
me a fign that thou talkeft with me.
1 8 Depart not hence, I pray thee,
until I come unto thee, and bring forth
d my * prefent, and fet // before thee.
And he faid, I will tarry until thou come

again.

fHob. aUd of the
goats.

19 And Gideon went in, and made
ready + a kid, and unleavened cakes of
an ephah of flour : the flefh he put in a

bafket, and he put the broth in a pot, and
brought it out unto him under the oak,
and prefented it.
20 And the ang-el of God faid unto
him, Take the flefh and the unleavened
cakes, and lay them upon this rock, and
e pour out the broth. And he did fo.
21 Then the angel of the Lord put
forth the end of the ftaff that was in his
hand, and touched the flefli and. the
unleavened cakes ; and f there rofe up fire
out of the rock, and confumed the flefh
and the unleavened cakes. s Then the
angel of the Lord departed out of his
fight. 22 And, when Gideon perceived that
he was an angel of the Lord, Gideon
faid, Alas, O Lord God ! h for becaufe
I have feen an angel of the Lord face to
face! 23 And the Lord faid unto him,
1 Peace be unto thee ; fear not ; thou
fhalt not die.
24 k Then Gideon built an altar there
unto the Lord, and called it ' Jehovah -
fhalom : unto this day it is yet in m Ophrah
of the Abi-ezrites.
25 % And it came to pafs, the fame
night, that the Lord faid unto him,
nTake thy father's young bullock, 1'even
the fecond bullock of feven years old,
and throw down the altar of Baal that thy
father hath, and cut down the ° grove
that is by it :
26 And p build an altar unto the Lord
thy God upon the top of this § rock, "' in
the ordered place ; and take the fecond
bullock, and offer a q burnt-facrifice with
the wood of the grove which thou fhalt
cut down.
27 Then Gideon took ten men of his
fervants, and r did as the Lord had faid
unto him : and fo it was, becaufe he
5 feared his father's houfehold, and the
men of the city, that he could not do it
by day, that he did it by night.
28 ^[ And when the men of the city
arofe earlv in the morning, behold, the
altar of Baal was caft down, and the grove
was cut down that was by it, and the

Before Chrifl
1212, or 1246.

e 1 Kin. 18. 33, 34.

(Lev. 9. 24. ch. 13.
19- 20, 2 Chr. 7. 1.
I Kin. 18. 38.

g Gen. 35. 13.
22. ch. 13.
Luke 24. 3,1.

Sc 17.

hExod. 33.20. Gen.
32. 30. Sc 16. 13.
ch. 13. 22. Deut.
5. 5, 24, 16.

i Gen. 43. 23. Rom.
I. 7. John 20. 19,
26. Sc IA. 27.

It Ver. 25 — 27. &21.
4-
1 That is, the LO It l>
fend peace. Exod.
17. 15. Jer. 23. 6.
Ezek. 48. 35,
m See ver. 11.

n Gen. 35. 2. Mat. 6.
24. PI. 101. 2. Joo
22. 23. 2 Cor. 6.
15, 16. 1 Kin. 18.
21. Exod. 23. 24.
& 34.' 13. ITim.
3-5-
II Or and.
0 Ch. 3. 7. Exod. 34.
JJ-
f Ver. 20, 21, 24.
Job 22. 23. Pi.
101. 2. -
v Heics. ftrong place.
* Or in an crdcrly
manner.
qLev. i.

r Mat. 16. 24. Gal. t.
16. Deut. 4. 1, 2.

sPf.112. 5. John 3.1.
Thus he firft re
formed religion,
and afterward en
gaged in war.

Gideon affembles the Ifraelites,

JUDGES.

Proves his £all by two figns.

Before Chrift
1212, or 1246,

fecond bullock was offered upon the altar
~ that zvas built.
29 And they faid one to another, Who
hath done this thing ? And, when they
inquired and afked, they faid, Gideon the
fon of Joafh hath done this -thing.
30 Then the men of the city faid unto
tJ;hphSl'.3'6Aplov: Joafh, c Bring out thy fon, that he may
1.16.11.50.7- ^g. hecaufe he hath cafl- down the altar
of Baal, and becaufe he hath cut down
the grove that was by it.
31 And Joafh faid unto all that flood
^4°6.SJ'-'Num' againfl him, " Will ye plead for Baal?
x ver. 30. p™v. 30. w[\[ ye fave him ? he that will * plead for
9. Deut. 17. 2 — 7. J , i ., - . .
him, let him be put to death whilft // is
yet morning : if he be a god, let him plead
for himfelf, becaufe one hath cafl down
his altar.
32 Therefore on that day he called him
y Jerubbaal, faying, Let Baal plead
againfl him, becaufe he hath thrown
down his altar.
33 1fzThen all the Midianites, andthe
Amalekites, and the children of the eaft,
» joi-dan wemvard. were gathered together, and a went over,
Ch.7. M- Jolh. 3. .Pit- iT& 11 r T 1
16, 17. & i9. .s. anci pitched in the valley of Jezreel.
%^:kwzd?% 34 But b the fpirit of the Lord
i°cor"i2C.8-it + came upon Gideon, and c he blew a
% Heb. clothed. trumpet: and d Abi-ezer H was gathered
e Ch. 3. 27. Num. « V •
10. 3. after, him.
iTz7"'z14iott\r: 35 And he fent meffengers throughout
2 ^m. 26. 30. aU ManajJeh who alf0 was gathered after
I Heb. was tolled , , r rr- a n
.sfurhm. him : and he fent meffengers unto Afher,
and unto Zebulun, and unto Naphtali;
* jos'.'i^T&fff: and they came up to meet them.
17. Gen. ic. 8. Sc •» y^-i r • \ r~^ 1 t r
36 t[ And Gideon faid unto God, e If

9. Deut. 17. 2 — 7.
& 13. I— 17-
Exod. 20. 3, 4,
23. SCZ1. 10.

1. 1. let Baal plead. %

y Or Jerubbcfheth,
i. e. let fhame
plead. 2 Sam. n,

z If. 8. g, 10. Pf.
1 18. 10 — 12. Sc 3
)t.Scz7.z,s.Sc 118. 10—12.

17. Gen. 15. 8. Sc
-ZA. SA. ExOd. 4. X
—9. if. 7. II.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — Neither judgments nor mer
cies, however often repeated, can reftrain revolting and rebellious
hearts from the moft abominable crimes. But they, who abufe
God's common benefits in prodigality and luxury, live often to
feel the want of them in hunger and nakednefs. What arrant
cowards men are often made by their own guilty and accufing
confciences! And, after all, in the day of diftrefs, there is no hope
but in God himfelf: and, when his fervice is fo reafonable, ingra
titude to him, the God of mercy and grace, cannot fail highly to
aggravate our tranfgreflions. It is the indifpenfable duty of mini
fters to deal plainly and clofely with their hearers' confciences, as
conviction of fin is an hopeful token of approaching deliverance ;
and God often chufes that time for delivering us when our cafe
appears moft defperate. But how hard is it to reconcile our
afflictive experiences with the promifes of God to us — to believe
either what God has done, or what he will do, when prefent pro
vidences appear juft the reverfe! Yet God delights to honour fuch

thou wilt fave Ifrael by mine hand, as
thou hafl faid,
2 j Behold, I will put a fleece of wool
in -the floor ; and if the dew i be on the
fleece only, and it be dry upon all- the
earth befide, then fhall I know that thou
wilt fave Ifrael by mine hand, as thou
hafl faid.
38 And it was fo : for he rofe up early
on the morrow, and thrufl the fleece
together, and wringed the dew out of the
fleece, a bowl-full of water.
39 And Gideon faid unto God, s Let
not thine anger be hot againfl me, and I
will fpeak but this once : let me prove, I
pray thee, but this once with the fleece ;
let it now be h dry only upon the fleece,
and upon all the ground let there be dew.
40 And God did fo that night : for it
was dry upon the fleece only, and there
was dew on all the ground.
CHAP. VII.
By converfe with God, by conquefi of Baal, and ly levy
ing an army, Gideon was prepared for the war.
Here, ( I ) By difmifjing the cowards, and fuch as
drank on their knees, his army of thirty-two thoufand
is, by God's direclion, reduced to three hundred ;
1 — 8. (2) By fending Gideon into the camp of the
Midianites, to hear the relation of a dream, and his
companions' interpretation of it, God further encou
rages his hopes of fuccefs; 9 — 15. (3) By an unarmed
attack, Gideon and his few forces throw the Midian
ites into a terrible panic, in which they kill one ano
ther, or flee for their life; 16 — 22. (4) The
difbanded troops, and other Ifraelites, fall upon the
fugitives, and kill two of their kings; 23 — 25.

Before Chrift
1212, or 1246.

f Dent. 32. 2. Hof.
14. s- Ef- 147- 19,
20. Mat. 10. 5, 6.
& 15. 24. Thclb
trials lignifled,
that by turns the
Jew. and Gentiles
Ihould fhare the
means of grace.

g Gen. 18. 32.

h Mat. S.J2. Acts 13.
46. * 28. 28. PI.
J07- 33— JS- If-
35.6, 7. & 43, 19,
20. Rom. II. 20.

T

HEN a Jerubbaal, who 'is Gideon, »ci>-«.j2.
and all the people that were with

as are humble. Let not his faints therefore confider their weak-'
nefs, when felt, as any reafon for evading the great work which
God puts into their hands. With infinite condefcenfion God
gives not only unalterable promifes, but even miraculous figns,
for the encouragement of his, faint-hearted fervants. And fuch as
enjoy noted communion with him eagerly defire to prolong the
vifit, and to teftify their grateful regard to him and to his meflen
gers. If God call us to extraordinary work, we muft, without
delay, and regardlefs of the will of wicked men, begin reformation
at home. Nor, however zealous we have been in the caufe of
wickednefs, muft we be afhamed to change our conduit, or to
protect: the innocent. When God calls men to hard work he can
eafily furnifh them with affiftants, even where they could leaft have
been expected. And yet, after all, their unbelieving jealoufies
render neceiTary new tokens of God's prefence and affiftance
in it.

Gideon's army greatly reduced:

C H A P. VII. Makes the attack with three hundred men*

Before Chrift
J2I2-, or 124-6.
b Jofh. 3. 1. Sc 6. 12.
Eccl. 9. 10. Pf.
119. 60,
eTKmbling. Ch. 6.
3. 33. 1 Sam. 14.
15. Sc 13. 7. ,
A Gen. 12. 6.

him, b rofe up early,
the well of c Harod :
the Midianites were
of them, by the hill
d valley. 2 And the Lord faid unto

and pitched befide
fo that the hofl of
on the north fide
of Moreh, in the

it came to pafs
the Lord faid unto

• Zech. 4. 6. 1 Cor.
1.27. 2 Cor. 10.4,
5. Deut. 32. 27.

him, for

f Dent. 20. 8. Mat,
13.. 21. Rev. 21. 8.
& 17. 14.

rify. Mal. 3. z, 3.
I Sam. 16. 6, 7.
I will givethee a
fign who are fit for
ajrvice.

Gideon,
The people that are with thee are e too
many for me to give the Midianites into
their hands, left Ifrael vaunt themfelves
againfl me, faying, Mine own hand hath
faved me.
3 Now therefore go to, proclaim in the
ears of the people, faying, f Whofoever
is fearful and afraid, let him return and
depart early from mount Gilead; And
there returned of the people twenty and
two thoufand; and there remained ten
thoufand. 4 And the Lord faid unto Gideon,
The people are yet too many ; bring them
t-epfratcpu- down unto the water, and I will s try
them for thee there : and it fhall be, that
of whom I fay unto thee, This fhall go
with thee, the fame fhall go with thee ;
and of whomfoever I fay unto thee, this
fhall not go with thee, the fame fhall
not go.
5 So he brought down the people
unto the water : and the Lord faid unto
ESS'SKd.^, Gideon, + Every one that lappeth of the
andkneeiwgcoiii. water w\^n n[s tongue, as a dog lappeth,
him flialt thou fet by himfelf; likewife
every one that boweth down upon his
knees to drink.
6 And the number of them that lapped,
putting their hand to their mouth, were
three hundred men : but all the reft of
the people bowed down upon their knees
to drink water.
7 And the Lord faid unto Gideon,
h By the three hundred men that lapped
will I fave you, and deliver the Midian
ites into thine hand : and let all the other
people go every man unto his place.
8 So the people took vidfuals in their
hand, and j their trumpets : and he fent
all the refl of Ifrael every man unto his
tent, and retained thofe three hundred
men : and the hofl of Midian was k be
neath him in the valley.

g°

h Ch. 18
J4-6. .
16. Lev. 26. 7.
Jofli, 23. IO.

8. 0. 1.5am.
¦ IS. AS. 14—

i Lev. 23. 44. ch. 3
27. ver. 19. It
Jeems they took
no arms.

fc CU, 6, 33, rer. 1.

9 f And
'night, that
m Arife, get thee down unto the hofl;
I have delivered it into thine hand.
10 But, if n thou fear to go down,
thou with Phurah thy fervant down to
the hofl :
iiu And thou fhalt hear what they
fay; and afterwards fhall thine hands be
flrengthened to go down unto the hofl.
Then went he down with Phurah his
fervant unto the outfide of the
men that were in the hofl.
1 2 And ' the Midianites, and the Ama
lekites, and all the children of the eaft,
lay along in the valley like grafshoppers
for multitude ; and their camels were
without number, as the fand by the fea
fide for multitude.
13 And when Gideon was come, be
hold, there was a man that told a dream
unto his fellow, and faid, Behold, I
dreamed a dream, and lo r a cake
barley-bread tumbled into the hofl of
Midian, and came unto a tent, and fmote
it that it fell, and overturned it, that the
tent lay along.
14 And his s fellow anfwered, and faid,
This is nothing elfe fave the fword of
Gideon the fon of Joafh, a man of Ifrael :
for into his hand hath God delivered
Midian, and all the hofl.
15 And it was fo, when Gideon heard
the telling of the dream, and H the inter- '
pretation thereof, that he ' worfhipped,
and returned into the hofl of Ifrael, and
faid, u Arife, for the Lord hath delivered
into your hand the hofl of Midian.
16 ^[ And he divided the three hun
dred men into three companies ; and he

. 1 /• Before Chrift
tne lame 1212, or 1246.

1 Job 4. 13. Gen. 15.
I. Mat. I. 20.
m Jofh.i. 5 — 9. Gen.
46.2,3. If. 43. i,
2. Sc At. 10, 14 —
16. Heb. 13. 5,6.
n Ch. 4. 8, 9. Exod.
4. 10, 14.

o Gen. 24. 14. ver.
13, 14. ch.6. 36-.
49.

p armed por «.*«,/,».
Exod. 13. 18.

a,Ch. 6.5, 33. Sc%.
so. If. 8. 9, 10. &
48. 19. Pi. 33. 16.
Sc 3. I. &.I18. ig
—12.

nf r Ch. 6. 15. i Cor. r.
WX 27. If. 41. ,4, ,C.
Ch.3.15,3 '
9,21.

. &4.

8 NUtn.23. 5. &24;
10 — 13. Rev, 12.
16.

II Heb..r/-J breath'
thereof.
t Gen, 24. 26, 27..
¦ Exod. 4. 30, cs.'
Pf- 34, J, 2.
u Ch. 4. 14. z Cor.
Jo. 4—6. Jofh. I.
5.9. 1 Chr. 2d. 13.
Deut. 31. 1, 6, 7.

lamps within the xirf^r;oh"&s" 4.7. & 10.4,5.
Ot firebrands, or
torches.

put § a trumpet in every man's hand, with *wJ?X/';i!*:
x empty pitchers, and
pitchers. 1 7 And he faid unto them, . y Look on
me, and do likewife : and, behold, when y f,h,.9X. Js?^
I come to the outfide of the. camp, it fhall
be that as I do fo fhall ye do.
1 8 When I blow with the trumpet, I
and all that are with me, then z blow ye
the trumpets alfo on every fide of all the
8'

ie Ver. 2^. 1 Sara-. 17.
4". stCtu. i&. 15,

Gideon routs the Midianites ;

JUDGES.

pacifies the Ephraimites ;

Before Ch
1 2 1 2, or

I'rov. 27. 1.

c Jofh. 6. 4, 16, 20.
.' Cor. IO.4, 5. &
4-7.

•i Exod. 14. Ij.
2 Chr, 2G. 17. If.

i1^, camp, and fay, The fword of the Lord,
 and of Gideon.
19 ^[ So Gideon, and the hundred men
that were with him, came unto the out-
.•.¦i.™d. 14.14- r<=v. fide of the camp a in the beginning: of
li, ic. ilhcl. S- . *- . . .CD o
the middie watch ; and they had but
newly fet the watch : and they blew the
b ii fe^n'.3'1'' trumpets, and b brake the pitchers that
were in their hands.
20 And the three companies c blew the
trumpets, and brake the pitchers, and
held the lamps in their left hands, andthe
trumpets in their right hands to blow
withal: and they cried, The fword of
the Lord, and of Gideon.
21 And they d flood every man in his
e prol' Is ,.2 Kit place round about the camp : and e all the
^o,',. e.-^i.i4: hoft ran, and cried,, and fled.
22 And the three hundred blew the
"wVi's^o. trumpets : and the f Lord fet every man's
2Chr. 20.23. fWord againft his fellow, even throughout
all the hofl : and the hofl fled to Beth-
.to..««A. fhittah +inZererath, and to the * border
IttZtz-scso. of s Abel-meholah, unto Tabbath.
23 And the h men of Ifrael gathered
^'.themfelves together out of Naphtali, and
out of Afher, and out of all Manafleh,
and purfued after the Midianites.
^Roni^PMi' 24 f And Gideon ; fent meffengers
throughout all mount Ephraim, faying,
Come down againfl the Midianites, and
k?ofli?2l87&re'5' ktake before them the waters unto Beth-
barah and Jordan. Then all the men of
Ephraim gathered themfelves together,
1 perhaps, john 1. and took the waters unto ' Beth-barah and
Jordan.
-£• 83' "¦ If' ,0' 25 And they took m two princes of the
Midianites, Oreb and Zeeb ; and they
flew Oreb upon the rock Oreb, and Zeeb
they flew at the wine p'refs of Zeeb, and
purfued Midian ; and brought the heads

11 Ch. 8. 4. i. e. the
caft fide, of ic.

of Oreb and Zeeb to Gideon n on the other i%°zlls il46.
fide Jordan. CHAP. VIII.
Contains the fequel of Gideon's hiftory ; and relates
( 1 ) How prudently he pacified the offended Ephraim
ites; I — 3. (2) How bravely he purfued thefugi-
tive Midianites; 4, 10 — 12. (3) How juftly he
chafiifd the men of Succoth and Penuel, who info-
lently abufed him, and refufed refrefhment to his
troops; 5' — 9, 13 — 17. (4) Htrw honourably he
flew the two kings of Midian when his fon declined
it through fear; 18 — 21. (5) How modefty he
declined the government of the delivered Ifraelites
when it was offered to him ; 22, 23. (6) How
foolifhly he gratified the people in fitting up a kind cf
facred ephod in his own city, which induced them
to idolatry; 24 — 27. (7) TVith what honour he
died, after forty years of profperity, and left a nume
rous family; 28 — 32. (8) How quickly both he
and his God were forgotten by. the ungrateful Ifra4-
ites; 33—35-
ND the men of Ephraim faid unto
him, a Why hafl thou ferved us *™t£ttZs,'
thus, that thou calledfl us riot when thou rim'. «> 4'.iy;
7 - 5. 2. Eccl. 4. 4.
wentefl to fight with the Midianites? j*™-"-****
And they did chide with him fharply.
2 And he faid unto them, b What have bgg?g
I done now in comparifon of you ? Is not
the gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim
better than the vintage of Abiezer ?

A

3 c God hath delivered into your hands c«^-£y^P&
the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb: *4.*s-
and what was I able to do in Comparifon
of you? Then their 1" anger was abated fHeb/^-
toward him when he had faid that.
4 ^[ And Gideon came to Jordan, and
paffed over, he, and the three hundred
men that were with him, * faint, yet *7c^.4-8'»-Pr-
purfuing them.
5 And he faid unto the men of e Sue- foS-
coth, Give, I pray you, f loaves of bread Di7U2s!5Gln.zi4ai8:
unto the people that follow me ; for they
be faint, and I am purfuing after Zebah
and Zalmunna, kings of Midian.

Reflections upon Chap. Vfl. — When God affords remark
able encouragement his fervice fhould be undertaken with the
greateft earneftnefs : and let us remember that God is apt to try
his people's faith thoroughly' in the progrefs of their work, who
infifted too much in -trying him in their entrance on it. When
multitudes flock to God's ftandard, many of them are ordinarily
unfi; for his fervice : many never weigh the confequences, and
therefore quickly ftart afide. And fuch as are enflaved by the fear
of men are better out of God's camp than in it ; for God will
take every means to convince his people that they ought to have
no dependence on an arm of flefh. And happy are they who can

believe his promife when he lays afide almoft every apparent mean
of accomplifliing it. But feafonable and fympathizing are the
confolations of God to his favourites. By the moft inconfiderable
incidents he can promote and encourage to the greateft exploits.
With great eafe he can rout and deftroy his moft prefumptuous
and numerous enemies, and make them to kill one another, or flee
when none purfueth, while his people behold his falvation. But
it is proper for us to affift the people of God againft their enemies,
and to mark the diftinguifhed providences of God as a mean of
awakening our thankfulnefs, or confirming our faith on after oc
cafions. '

And cuts ofthe refl ofthe

CHAP.

VIII. Midianites.. Idolatry is reintroduced.

-6 And the princes of Succoth faid,
5 Are. the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna
mtzl'mLz. now in thine hand, that we fhould give
-". Prov. 18. 23. . 7 >->
bread unto thine army ?
7 And Gideon faid, Therefore, when
the Lord hath delivered Zebah and Zal-

Before Chrift
1212,-or 1246.

¦ *3> *4-

i Heb. threfh.

b Gen. 32. 30. i Ki
1Z. 25. lee ver.

iVer. 7. 1 Kin. 12.
17, 28.

fj A place about the
fbuth-eaft border
of the Gadites or
Reubenites.

fc Ch. 7. 12, 22. &
20. 2, 15, 46.
2 Sam. 24. 9.
2 Kin. 3. 26.
$ Or an hundred and
twenty thoufand.
every one drawing
a fword.
1 Num. 32. 35, 42.
m Ch. 18. 27. 1 Sara.
15-31. I Thef. 5.
3-
11 Pf. 83. 11, 11.
Amos-2. 14. Rev.
6- I5> 16.

* Heb. terrified.

rnunna into mine hand, then 1 will + tear
your flefh with the thorns of the wilder
nefs and with briers.
8 And he went up thence to h Penuel,
and fpake unto them likewife : and the
men of Penuel anfwered him as the men
of Succoth had anfwered him.
9 And he fpake alfo unto the men of
Penuel, faying, When I ' come again in
peace, I will break down this tower.
10 ^f Now Zebah and Zalmunna were
in I'Karkor, and their hofts with them,
about fifteen thoufand men, all that were
left of all the hofts of the children of the
eaft : for k there fell § an hundred and
twenty thoufand men that drew fword.
11 And Gideon went up by the way
of them that dwelt in tents on the l eaft
of Nobah and Jogbehah, and fmote the
hoft ; for the hoft was m fecure.
1 2 And, when Zebah and Zalmunna
fled, he purfued after them, and n took
the two kings of Midian, Zebah and
Zalmunna, and * difcomfited all the
hofl. ^f And Gideon the fon of Joafh <

7

- And he 1 beat down the tower, of mtll^le.
f .-nff.t-1 e^if tht= n'tUr c. IKin. 12. 25. ver,
9:
r V6r. 14^- 15." 2 Sin.
of men were-. 3^: '' '' thc

Penuel, and flew the * men of the city.
18 «f[ Then faid he unto Zebah and
Zalmunna, What manner
they whom ye flew at s Tabor ? And they =ch.4.6.&6.33.
anfwered, 'As thou art, to were they; ;,lftat.>**
each one H refembled the children of a' ^L^mlti"
king. 1 9 And he faid, They were my brer
thren, even the fons of my mother : as the
Lord liveth, if ye had faved them alive
I would not flay you.
20 And he faid unto Jether his flrfl-
born, u Up, and flay them. But the youth " /^ s-'h* wiiw
L- - r - _ ¦/ -to hearten him,
and inure him to
deftroy the ene
mies of God's
people. -

drew not his fword : for he feared, becaufe
he was yet a youth.
21 Then Zebah and

Zalmunna faid,
:Rife thou, and fall upon us: for as the x^.Rev.l$im'

0 Oh. 1. 24, !$.¦
1 Sam, 30. 11— 15

f Heb. writ. This
chaftifement of
the rulers of Suc
coth and' Penuel
was juftly due to
their haughty,un-
brotherly, and
v barbarous* con-
ducl.

p Ver. 7. Prov. 10.
IJ.&29. 15. & 1.
31. & 12.1$. & 19.
ao. & 2x. 10. &
20. 3.
% HeB, made'to Imw.

Vol. I.

returned from battle before the fun was
up, 14 And * caught a young man of the
men of Succoth, and inquired of him :
and he + defcribed unto him the princes
of Succoth, and the elders thereof, even
threefcore and feventeen men.
15 And he came unto the men of
Succoth, and faid, Behold Zebah and
Zalmunna, with whom ye did upbraid
me, faying, Are the hands of Zebah and
Zalmunna now in thine hand, that we
fhould give bread unto thy men that are
weary ?
1 6. And p he took the elders of the city,
and thorns of the wildernefs and briers,
and with them he + taught the men of
Succoth.

zvere on ^ ^r 6y"amentt w*
t the menu

man is, fo is his ftrength. y And Gideon yKsj-ji-sw*
arofe, and flew Zebah and Zalmunna, and
took away the § ornaments that
their camels' necks.
22 ^f Then the men of Ifrael faid unto
Gideon, * Rule thou over us, both thou, "J.^H'I;*"'-
and thy fon, and thy fon's fon alfo : for
thou hafl delivered us from the hand of
Midian. 23 And Gideon faid unto them, * I will '* ',*"£ %6;f*ri
not rule over you, neither fhall my fon *^Vco°riI*
rule over you; the Lord fhall rule over
you. 24 And Gideon faid unto them, I would .
defire a requeft of you ; that ye would
b give me every man the earrings of his bfs-^4'-£.&
prey. For they had golder
becaufe they were Ifhmaelites.
25 And they anfwered, We will wil
lingly give them. Arid they fpread . a
garment, and did cafl therein every man
the earrings of his prey.
26 And the weight of the golden ear
rings that he requefled was a * thoufand
and feven hundred fhekels of gold ; befide
ornaments, and + collars, and purple
raiment that was on the kings of Midian,
and befide the chains that were about their
camels* necks.
27 And Gideon * made an ephod
thereof, and put it in his city, even in
Ophrah: and all Ifrael went thither
Bbb •

earrings,

37. 25. Sc 16.. io,
11. 1 Pet. 3. 3.4.

* Three thoufani
one hundred ani
two pounds ten
fhillings.
t Qtfvieet jewels..

c If. S. 10. Rom, iij.,
2. Gal. 4.18'. Exod.
28. 6— S. I Sam.
23. 9, io. ch. 17.6,
ver. 3-. Dem. 7.
16. fcxod. 23...J3.

Ifraelites reiapfe into idolatry.

JUDGES.

Abimelech governs the Ifraelites.

12^0^246. a whoring after it: which thing became

4 If. 9. 4. & TO. 26.
pr. 83. 9—12. if.
41. 14— 16.

a fnare unto Gideon, and to his houfe,
28 ^[ Thus d was Midian fubdued be
fore the children of Ifrael, fo that they
lifted up their heads no more. And the
'^'il'eVne'nouon country was in quietnefs e forty years in
ch'5'"' the days of Gideon.
29 ^[ And Jerubbaal the fon of Joafh
fNeh.5.i4,T5- f went and dwelt in his own houfe.
^Ts.t.tl^' 30 And Gideon had g threefcore and
tk^goingouiefhts ten fons + of his body begotten ; for he
had many wives.
h Gen, 22. 24. & 16. ^i And his h concubine, that was in
Shechem, flie alfo bare him a fon, whofe
„kcb.f,t. name he I' called Abimelech.
s Tiol^UXii: 2 z -IF A^d Gideon the fon of Joafh '' died
24-hsj- ~ux a gOOCj qU age? aruj was buried in the
fepulchre of Joafh his father, in k Ophrah

t Ch. 6. 11.

of the Abi-ezrites.

22 And it came to pafs, l as foon as

12. 2. ch. 2. 7, io,
JJ. 2 Chr. 24. 17,

>»• ' Gideon was dead, that the children of
m*t^:l.H&t Ifrael turned again, and went m a whor-
1. jam. 4. 4- ^ng a£ter gaahmj and made Baal-berith
their god.
* r£«. jer*.'^.' 34 And the children of Ifrael "remem
bered not the Lord their God, who had
delivered them out of the hands of all
their enemies on every fide

e Ch. 9. 5, 16— 18,
24, 56. Eccl. 9. 14,

J5 ° Neither fhewed they kindnefs to
the houfe of Jerubbaal, namely, Gideon,

according to all the goodnefs which he i^o^'iV
had fhewed unto Ifrael.
CHAP. IX.
Here Ifrael's ingratitude to God and to Gideon is
punifhed in the tyranny of Abimelech, his baftard.
(1) By fubtlety, and by the murder of fixty- nine of
his father's lawful fons, he intrudes himfelf into the
government at Shechem; I — 6. (2) Jotham, his
youngeft and only furviving brother, in his parable
of the trees fetting a king over themfelves, foretells
the doom of Abimelech and his afftfiants ; 7 — 2 1 .
(3) After three years' mutual enmity and f rife arife
between him and his Shechemite friends, fomented
by Goal on the one hand, and by Zebul on the
other; 22 — 41. (4) This contention iffues in the
defirutlion of the Shechemites, and foon after of Abi
melech; 42 — 57*
AND a Abimelech the fon of Jerubbaal iCs\:l^fn-
went to Shechem unto his mother's
brethren, and b communed with them, "^.Vls4:1! k";
and with all the family of the houfe of '*' 2S*
his mother's father, faying,
2 Speak, I pray you, in the ears of all
the men of Shechem, * Whether is better •££J^£c/t**
for you, either that all the fons of Jerub
baal, which are threefcore and ten perfons,
reign over you, or that one reign over
you ? remember alfo c that I am your bone cG,9?-,23?'1,4c^:
and your flefh. *'
2 And his mother's brethren d fpake of d^?;!&
him in the ears of all the men of Shechem 7
all thefe words : and their hearts inclined

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — Only by pride cometh con
tention. Evil perfons are extremely jealous of their carnal honours,
and apt to reckon the juft exaltation of every body elfe an injury
done to themfelves. It is common for cowards to pretend valour
when the danger is over or diftant ; but humility difpofes a man to
think meanly of his own works, and to put honour from himfelf
to his neighbour ; and meanwhile adds a double luftre to all his
gifts, graces, or attainments. Soft words moft effectually turn.
away wrath : nor muft we count it ftrange to be abufed by the
tongues of thofe whofe lives we have faved at the hazard of our
own. Having begun a good work, we muft go on with it: not
withftanding the moft heavy and unnatural difcouragements, perfe-
verance will be infallibly crowned with fuccefs. The fecurity of
finners moft certainly proves their ruin ; and it meets them when
and where they thought it was quite Over : for men's pride brings
them low ; and the infolence of their tongues renders them mifer
able.- — It is juft and proper for magiftrates fharply to correct thofe
who are barbarous or abufive : and men's diftrefs often occafions
new difcoveries of their guilt. Though hand fhould join in hand,
finners fhall not pafs unpunifhed. If one agent fear, another will
dare to execute the vengeance of God upon them. It is much
better to be of an humble fpirit with the lowly than to divide the
fpoil with the proud. Ambition to exalt one's family is ordinarily
a ruinous fnare. But it is very dangerous for rulers, in church or
ftate, to humour people in matters of religion, or to indulge their
4

Prov. I,
10. 23.

carnal eafe or honour in that point. What appears innocent at
firft may foon become a dangerous fnare. Small beginnings of
fuperftition or idolatry lead to ftill greater abominations : and,
when God removes the reftraints, men will quickly relapfe to their
wonted or worfe idolatries. It is hard to make bafe minds grate
ful, either to God or their human benefactors ; but it is eafy to
decoy them into one form of wickednefs after another.
But in this Hebrew judge let Jefus, the great deliverer, be dif-
cerned. His condition on earth was mean and debafed ; his call
to his work exprefs, folemn, feafonable, and neceflary , and miracu
lous the repeated confirmations of it. Being the mighty God,
and endowed with the Spirit above meafure, he, with burning zeal,
offered his facrifice of himfelf, overthrew idolatry, and reftored the
true worfhip of God, beginning in his own country of Judea.
By, a few weak and unarmed preachers, founding- the gofpel
trumpet, and difplaying its' light and fire from their earthen veffels,
he did, and fhall, foil Satan, the world, and death, with their innu
merable agents. And at the laft day, being revealed in flaming
fire, and attended with the trump of God, he fhall fpread terror
and ruin among all his oppofers. Kindly he invites his brethren
of mankind to fhare in his victories, and to follow after him only
to fpoil. Meekly he pacifies his proud and unreafonable friends :
but the moft terrible vengeance he did and will execute upon his
defpifers of Judah and of Rome, and upon all fuch as refufe his
people or minifters their neceiTary fupplies.

Jotham's parable, and itsfpeedy
i.'VT^'iV f t0 Mlow Abimelech; for they faid, He
is our brother.
4 And they gave him threefcore and
ten pieces of filver, out of the houfe of
Baal-berith ; wherewith Abimelech hired

CHAP. IX.

verification in Abimelech* s ruin.

+ Heb. after.

eCh

"'"job 3oCs!' 'vain and light perfons, which followed
Giddy headed and i '.
Jinlcttled. mm. 5 And he went unto his father's houfe
^icKi*"' at Ophrah, and f flew his brethren the
Mat. 2. iS. £Qns Q£ jeruDbaal, being threefcore and
ten perfons, upon one ftone : notwith
ftanding, yet Jotham the youngeft fon of
, Jerubbaal was left ; for he hid himfelf.
6 And all the men of Shechem gathered
%]cglz\fn.]!Z: together, 'and all the s houfe ¦ of Millo,
hi san.. s. 5, i9, 20. and went and h made Abimelech kin a:,
& io. 24. & 11.15. ¦ .
hoi. 8. 4. & 13.10, 1 by the plain of the pillar that was in
lot iy thecal, of the Shechem.
pillar. See Jofh. ATI 1 II" T1
%-£%lKin- "• 7 T| And, when they told it to Jotham,
kDeut.n.29. joih. he went and ftood in the top of k mount
8'!JJolm4'10' Gerizzim, and lifted up his voice, and
cried, and faid unto them, Hearken unto
me, ye men of Shechem, that God may
hearken unto you.
l\lttPlk&,1il ^ The { trees went forth on a time to
_ Abimeiech,hthe anoint a king over them ; and they ' faid
ly.hadVru'fihhT,: unto the m olive tree, Reign thou over
felf into power, ' —
-which his worthy lie
father and bre- "°"
J&Mgi' 9 But the olive tree faid unto them,
andhtsaViiian'ts. Should I leave my fatnefs, wherewith by
m ch. s. 22. me tn n honour God and man, and » go
nLcv. 2.1. Exod. 29. , J , , . - — '
?'Kin&i'5i,4'pf. to "e promoted over the trees?
anoinieTcfodV" io And the trees faid to the fig tree,
priefts, ferved for /~*t .1 7 *
u^t inius taber. Lome thou, and reign over us.
naclc, and was ' <-> .
faingfiTd'tte l 1 -°ut tne "g tree iai(l unt0 them,
Sfn'dlS' ° Should I forfake my fweetnefs, and my
^ZZ'^ciown g°od fruit' and g° to be promoted over
for other tree,. J-^g freeS ?
0^.1.17. »o. 32. i2 Then faid the trees unto the vine,
Come thou, and reign over us.
13 And the vine faid unto them, Should
pS™a;5',ss:J'ro°: I leave my wine, which p cheereth God
and man, and go to be promoted over the
trees ?
14 Then faid all the trees unto the
io,*j»i7. 2 Kin. q bramble, Come thou, and reign over
us. 1 5 And the bramble faid unto the trees,
t Dan. 4. 12. ir. 30. If in truth ye anoint me king over you,
&Jj.6,i7. iani: \ then come and put your truft in r my

Before Chrift

fhadow : and, if not, s let fire come out n^orm;.
of the bramble, and devour the cedars of * Ezek. i9- m- n^-
' 3.22. Exod. 15. • .],
Lebanon. , t0- ra- "• ¥
1 6 Now therefore, if ye havedone truly
and fincerely in that ye have made 'Abi- ' li1.\TM
melech king, and if ye have dealt well
with "Jerubbaal and his houfe, and have » vw. «, w, „.
done unto him according to the deferving
of his hands ; , . i
1 7 (For my father fought for you, and
x adventured his life far, and delivered l\tm;."Ji6.K'm.
. ,. 16. 4. Rev". 12. 11.
you out of the hand of Midian : t'l&f!%&s!'"
18 And ye ? are rifen up againfl my yvef.3_5.pr.10,.
father's houfe this day, and have flain
his fons, threefcore and ten perfons, upon
one ftone, and have made z Abimelech, ^j!'5'3'' ver'6'
the fon of his maid fervant, king over
the men of Shechem, becaufe he is your
brother;) 1 9 If ye then have dealt truly and fin
cerely with Jerubbaal and with his houfe
this day, then a rejoice ye in Abimelech, *Vb1% "*' 5Z,,~
and let him alfo rejoice in you.
20 But, if not, b let fire come out from *v£-$&'£k,
Abimelech, and devour the men of She- 5?',o!"&stti*
chem, and the houfe of Millo ; and let j°°'i3'p4™".i-'&
' CC IJ. 2It
fire come out from the men of Shechem,
and from the houfe of Millo, and devour
Abimelech. 21 And Jotham ran away, and fled,
and went to c Beer, and dwelt there, for c^.-'-<»N-
fear of Abimelech his brother.
22 % When Abimelech had reigned, «69><*i»i<*
three years over Ifrael,
23 Then d God fent an evil fpirit be- d^',T|;|',^.
tween Abimelech and the men of She- ";£>¦?£'& i,%
2 Thef. 2. 1 1, 12.
chem; and the men of Shechem dealt UK-i-1-

treacheroufly with Abimelech :
24 That the e cruelty done to the three- "^ipJif^f.
fcore and ten fons of Jerubbaal might Pri6'6' '3'
come, and their blood be laid upon Abi
melech their brother who flew them, and
upon the men of Shechem who t aided f %1/lZti't
him in the killing- of his brethren.
2 c Andthe men of Shechem fet f liers fjofh.'s.4, 12. ch,
in wait for him in the -top of the moun- l-lt>13-
tains, and they robbed all that came along
that way by them : and it was told Abi
melech. 26 And Gaal the fon of Ebed came
Bbb 2

Contention between Ablmehch

J ,U D G p S.

and the men of.$hechem.

Before Chrift
gKinfmcn. Gen, rj.
8. &.19. 7.. jt
feems Gaal was a
Canaanite. Ver.
28.

*i Pf. 4. 7. If. 16. 10.
Amos 6- 1) 3-, Si 6.
ch. 16. 25. & 18.
20. & 19. 6, 9.
-Sain. 13. 2,81. i
I Ver. 4. ch. 16. 23.
Exod. 321. 6, 19.
k I Sam. 17. 43. Lev.
24. JL. Prov. 24.
24. 11, 3. 21.
! Exod. 5. 2. 1 Sam.
25. ro. 1 Kin. ta.
16. ver. i, 30, 36,
46.
m Defcendants.
Gen. 34. 2, fyf

n Deut. 5. 29. 2 Sam.
,¦^15. 4. I Kin. 20.*
11. Rom.l. iOrPf.
10.3.

» 2 Kin. 14. 8. & 18,
2.3. If. 36. 8, 9.

put

% Or Ut,

p Heb. craftily., or to
.Ttftiut.k* Ver. 41.

• Prov. 4. 16. & T.
16.If.iU1.Pf.36.
4. Rpra. 3. 15. 16.
Prov. 10. ij— 16,
ver. 34,

jr Heb. /jj fhine hand
jhallfend. Lev.2<f.
2$l t Sam. 10. 7. Sc
»5> S. Eccl . 9. 10.

9 One of the four
companies. Ver.
4*-

t Mirk S. 24. This
lu: Ipe.i :3 in dcd-
fion, as well as in
order to deseiye.

with his g brethren, and went over to
Shechem : and the men of Shechem
their confidence in him.
27 And they went out into the fields,
and gathered their vineyards, and trode
the grapes, and h made merry, and went
into the ' houfe of their god, and did eat
and drink, and k curfed Abimelech.
'28 Arid Gaal the fon of Ebed faid,
1 Who is Abimelech, and who is She
chem, that we fhould ferve him ? is not
he the fon of Jerubbaal, and Zebul his
officer ?. ferve m the men of Harnor the
father of Shechem : for why fhould we
ferve him ?
29 And ? would to God this people were
under my hand ; then would 1 remove
Abimelech. And he faid to Abimelech,
0 Increafe thine army, and come out.
30 ^[ And, when Zebul the ruler of the
city heard the words of Gaal the fon of
Ebed, his anger was + kindled.
3 1 And he fent meffengers unto Abi
melech p privily, faying, Behold, Gaal the
fon of Ebed and his brethren be come to
Shechem ; and, behold, they fortify the
city againft thee.
32 Now therefore q up by night, thou
and the people that is with thee, and lie
in wait in the field :
22 And it fhall be, that in the morning,
as foon as the fun is up, thou fhalt rife
early, and, fet upon the city: and, be
hold, when he and the people that is with
him come out againfl thee, then mayeft
thou do to them r as thou fhalt find
occafion. 24- % And Abimelech rofe up, and all
the people that were with him, by night,
and they laid wait againft Shechem in
four companies.
3 1, And Gaal the fon of Ebed went out,
and flood in the entering of the gate of
the city: and Abimelech rofe up, and
s the people that were with him, from
lying in wait.
36 And, when Gaal faw the people, he
faid to Zebul, Behold, there come people
down from the top of the mountains.
And Zsbul laid unto, him, Thou 'feeft
7

the fhadow of the mountains as if they
were men.
2^j And Gaal fpake again, and faid, See
there come people down by the "f middle
of the land, and another company come
along by the plain of + Meonenim.
38 Then faid Zebul unto him, u Where
is now thy mouth, wherewith thou faidft,
Who is. Abimelech, that we fhould ferve
him ? is not this the people that thou hafl
defpifed ? go out, I pray now, and fi^ht
with them.'
39 And Gaal went out before the men
of Shechem, and fought with Abimelech.
40 And Abimelech chafed him, and he
fled before him, and many were over
thrown and wounded, even unto the
entering of the gate.
41 And Abimelech §dwelt at Arumah:
and * Zebul thrufl out Gaal and his bre
thren, that they fhould not dwell in
Shechem. 42 And it came to pafs, on the morrow,
that the people * went out into the field ;
and they told Abimelech.
43 And he took the people, and di
vided them into three companies, and
laid wait in- the field, and looked, and
behold the people were come forth out of
the city; and he rofe up againfl them,
and fmote them.
44 And Abimelech, and the company
that was with him, y rufhed forward,
and ftood in the entering of the gate of
the city : and the two other companies
ran upon all the people that were in the
fields, and flew them.
45 And Abimelech fought againft the
city all that day ; and he took the city,
and flew the people that was therein,
and z beat down the city, and fowed it
with fait. ,
46 ^[ And, when all the men of the
tower of Shechem heard that, they en
tered into a an hold of the houfe of the
god Berith.
47 And it was told Abimelech that all
the men of the tower of Shechem were-
gathered together.
48 And Abimelech gat him up to mount

Before Chrifl
liii), 0V1210.

f Heb. mvil.

$ Or the recorders tf
times, footbfaycrs.i
u Where is now
your courage and
boating? : Kin.
14. 8—14. ver. 28,
20.

$ Waiting for an
opportunity to
furprife Shechem,
X Ver. 30, 28.

. About their bufi
nefs, or to do ho
nour to Baal-be-
lith their idol.

y Ver. ij, 20.

2 lKin.12. 25. Deut,
29. 23. Zeph. 2. 9.
Pi. 107. 34. ver. 6.
ch.l. 7. Jam. 2.13.
Sowing a place
with lalt marked
it out for perpe
tual riefolation
and barrennefs.
a Ch. 8. 33. ver. 4,
27. Pf. 115. 8.
lKjn. 18.26. If,
28. 15. 2 Kin. I.
2—4.

Before Chrift
Ji6,9» or 1210.
b H 68. if "

e Ch. 7- 17' **•
Prov. i. ii, 12.

d Ver, 15, 20.

C2Kin. 14.10. & 15.
Xf>. 20am. II. 21

Abimelech is jufily pumfhed.
I'Zalmon, he and all the people thatwm?
with him: and Abimelech took an ax in
his hand, and cut down a bough from
the trees, and took it, and laid it on his
fhoulder, and faid unto the people that
were with him, c What ye have feen t me
t Heb. / * J -<¦.«. do, make hafle, and do as I have done.
49 And all the people likewife cut down
every man his bough, and followed Abi
melech, and d put them to the hold, and
fet the hold on fire upon them ; fo that all
the men of the tower of Shechem died
alfo, about a thoufand men and women.
50 <pThen went Abimelech to The-
bez, and encamped againfl Thebez, and
took it.
5 1 But there was a ftrong tower within
the city ; and thither fled all the men and
women, and all they of the city, and fhut
it to them, and gat them up to the top of
the tower.
5 2 And Abimelech cameunto the tower^
and fought againfl it, and went hard
unto the door of the tower to burn it
with fire.
53 And a certain woman f caft a piece
of a millftone upon Abimelech's head, and
all to break his fkull.
54 Then he called haflily unto the
young man his armour-bearer, and faid
unto him, Draw thy fword, and flay me,
that men fay:not of me, E A woman flew
him. And his young man thruft him.
through, and he died.
$5 And, h when the men of Ifrael faw
that Abimelech was dead, they departed
every man unto his place.

CHAP. IX. X.

Government of Tola and y air*

f Ver. 15,20 2Sair(,
xi. 21. Jer. 50.45.
¦&49.M.Job3i.j,

gCh-4.2j. &$. 26,
* 27. with 1 Sain. 31.
4, 5. 2 Sam. 17.23.
1 Kin. 16.18. Mat.
27-5*

h 1 Kill. 22. ;5, 36.
2 bam. iii, 10.

i Ver. 2;.
Prov. 5
31.&1
9. 20, 1
6. Pf. 9
140.11.

Pf. 11.6.
22. 8c 1.
.21. Rev.
. Sc 16. J,
12, 16. &
ABs 28. 4.

k Ver. 15
6. 26. i
34-

20. Jofh.
Kin. 10.

56 f * Thus God rendered the wicked- ^^L
nefs of Abimelech, which he did unto his n
father, in flaying his feventy brethren :
$j And all the evil of the men of She
chem did God render upon their heads :
and k upon them came the curfe of Jotham
the fon of Jerubbaal. CHAP. X.
Here we have (i) Ifrael at peace, at leaf for a time,
under the government of Tola of Iffachar, and fair
the Manaffite; the lafi of whom had a numerous fa
mily ; 1 — 5. (2) Ifrael relapfing into idolatry, and
punifhed with eighteen years of terrible oppreffion by
the Ammonites on the eaft, and the Philiftines on the
weft; 6 — 9. (3) When the Ifraelites begin crying
to God for relief, he upbraids them with their repeated
ingratitude, and refufes. to deliver them, but at laft
appears more favourable ; IO — 1.6. (4) While the
Ammonites raife an army to ravage the country, the
Ifraelites, animated by God, refolve to oppofie them ;
17, 18.
AND after Abimelech there "arofe, to ^-^'s^-
* + defend Ifrael, Tola the fon of
Puah, the fon of Dodo, a man of Ifia
char ; and he dwelt in Shamir in mount
Ephraim. 2 And he judged Ifrael twenty and
three years, and died, and was buried in
Shamir. 3 5[ And after him arofe * Jair, a Gi-
leadite, and judged Ifrael twenty and two
years. 4 b And he had thirty fons that rode on bSU?#f * ,0-
thirty afs-colts ; and they had thirty cities,
which are called c Havoth-jair unto this
day, which are in the land of Gilead.
5 And Jair died, and was buried in
Camon. 6 % And d the children of Ifrael did

f Or deliver*
f Heb^/flw.

*PerhapsJa* began
to rule on the eaft
Df Jordan not long
aflcr Tola began
to govern on thc
well of it.

c Or the villages of
7air.Num.-32. 41.
d Ch. 2. 11, 13. & 3,
7. ic 4. 1. 8c 6. 1.
Sc 13. 1. -1 Kin. 11.
33. I Sam. 5. 2.
Ezek. 16. 25, 20.
Jer. 2^3. Perhaps
this was not long
afterTola and Jair
began tojudgc.

Reflections upon Chap. fX. — For the tranfgreffion of a
land, many and bafe are the princes thereof. Such as have wicked
purpofes ftick at nothing to gain their end; and, being confeious
of their own bad defigns, are apt to fufpecl-, or at leaft aecufe,
others who are innocent of the feme ill intentions : and inftru
ments are never wanting to affift in the moft bloody and ruinous
eonducl:.— Proud and evil men pufh after that elevation which wife
and humble perfons fhun : noris any one more overbearing and
infolent than a low mind raifed above his ftation. Such as enter
into rule as foxes in craft often rule like lions in cruelty, and die
like dogs in difgrace. Accomplices in wickednefs readily become
plagues and murderers to one another : and none are nearer to
ruin than thofe upon whom: fair warnings are loft. When king
doms are once disjointed, one, bafe villain readily fets up againft
another, and traitors mutually diftruft and betray each other.
When men are intoxicated with wine they are fit for murder, trea-

fon, and every other evil work : but infolent boaftings of valour,
in the fumes of wine, ordinarily iffue in cowardice and fhame.
Nor can they, who are rebels themfelves, juftly expect fidelity
from their affociates ; for rebellions, even againft evil princes,
ufually iffue in the ruin ofthe traitors. Civil wars are ufually the
moft inhumane, in which the innocent and guilty perifh without
diftindtion. But what miferies wicked rulers entail upon their
poor fubjecls ! And how terrible is their end at laft, when God
returns their murder and other wickednefs on their heads ! When
God hath finifhed his work with them, he debafes and deftroys
them. They die in their fins ; and the methods they took to
fecure their fame do but ferve to perpetuate their difgrace. But
let us remember that there is no refuge for us amidft all our fpiri
tual- enemies, and from the hand of an angry God, but in Chrift
the Saviour of finners, and the ftrong-hold of his -chofen people.

Ifraelites fin, and Ammonites opprefs.

JUDGES.

Ifraelites repent of their idolatry.

Before Chrift
1169, or I2IO.

evil again in the fight of the Lord, and
ferved Baalim, and Afhtaroth, and the
gods of Syria, and the gods of Zidon, and
the gods of Moab, and the gods of the
children of Ammon, and the gods of the
Philiftines, and forfook the Lord, and
ferved not him.
7 And e the anger of the Lord was

eCh. 2.14, 15, 20.
Deut. 32. 16—22,
lo'.^Vis™: hot againft Ifrael, and he fold them into
the hands of the Philiflines, and into the

f Ver. 5. If. 30.
j Thef. 5. 3.
| Heb. crufhcd.

g Ck. .3. 13. Sc 6. 3,
c. 2 Chr. K. S-
Dent. 28. 65.

fcCh. 3.9,15. &4-
3. Sc 6. 6. 1 Sam,
7. 2, 6. Sc 12. 10.
Pf. 106. 44- Sc 107,
Ij, 19, 28.

i Ch. 2. 1—3. Sc Iii.
iv. vii. Exod. vii
—xiv. 1 Sam. 12.
7 — J-I. Neh. 9.
26—30. Ezek. 20.
5—33.

hands of the children of Ammon
8 And that f year they vexed and
11 oppreffed the children of Ifrael eighteen
years, all the children of Ifrael that were
on the other fide Jordan in the land of
the Amorites, which is in Gilead.
9 s Moreover, the children of Ammon
pafled over Jordan to fight alfo againfl
Judah, and againfl Benjamin, and againfl
the houfe of Ephraim ; fo that Ifrael was
fore diftrefTed. % h And the children of Ifrael cried

10

unto the Lord,

faying,

We have finned

ktleut. sz. 15. Jer.
2. 13. Sc 18. 7, 8.
Jon,j.4. &2.4.

: Deut. 32. 37, 38.
j Kin. 18. 27, 28.
2Kin. 3. 13. Jer.

againfl thee, both becaufe we have for-
faken our God, and alfo ferved Baalim.
1 1 ' And the Lord faid unto the chil
dren of Ifrael, Did not I deliver you from
the Egyptians, and from the Amorites,
from the children of Ammon, and from
the Philiflines ?
1 2 The Zidonians alfo, and the Ama
lekites, and the Maonites, did opprefs
you ; and ye cried to me, and I delivered
you out of their hand.
13 k Yet ye have forfaken me, and
ferved other gods ; wherefore I will de
liver you no more

1 4 ' Go and cry unto the

which
jfiS'J"^; i"ii ye have chofen ; let them deliver you in!

gods

the time of your tribulation.
15- ^f And the children of Ifrael

faid

Reflections upon Chap. X. — God can eafily heap wealth
on families, or render them happy with a moderate fhare : and it
is a great mercy to a country when God raifes up one impartial
adminiftrator of juftice after another. Thofe, whofe hearts were
never changed, foon relapfe into the very fins for which they had
often feverely fmarted, and even become more and more wicked :
and, when firigle rods of wrath are quickly contemned, God will,
in juftice or in love, apply his double ftrokes ; — ftrokes on every
hand ! But if at laft they bring us to a kindly fenfe of fin, and cor
dial .crying to God, we muft efteem them amongft his greateft
mercies j and, though fharp the trial, and God refufe to hear our

unto the Lord, m We have finned : do
thou unto us whatfoever § feemeth good
unto thee ; deliver us only, we pray thee,
this day.
16 And they n put away the* ftrange
gods from among them, and ferved the
Lord : and c his foul + was grieved for
the mifery of Ifrael.
1 7 ^[ Then the children of Ammon were
+ gathered together, and encamped in
Gilead. And the children of Ifrael affem-
bled themfelves together, and encamped
in p Mizpeh.
1 8 And the people and princes of Gi
lead faid one to another, q What man is
he that will begin to fight againft the chil
dren of Ammon ? he fhall be head over all
the inhabitants of Gilead.

Before Chrift
1146, or 1 16 J.
m Jon. 2. 4. Job 33',
27. & 34. 31, 32.
Jer. 3. 13. 1 Sam.
3. 18. 2 Sam. 10.
12. &15.2&&24.
IC, 14. Lttff^.13.
$ Heb. is good in thins
eyes. .
n 2 Chr. 7. 14. Hof.
14- 1-3, 8.
* Heb. gods ofjlran.
gtrs.
0 If. 63. 9—14. Hof.
II. 8. Zech. 2. 8.
Joel 2. 13. Pf. 106.
45- Sc s-ie. SA.
Deut. 32. 36. Jer.
31. 20. Lam. 3.32.
f Heb. was fhortened.
X Heb. cried together.
pGcn. 3-1.49. ch.ll.
II, 29, 34. Jolh.
II. 3,8.
1 Ch.II. 5— 8. Deut.
20. 5, 6. Pf. 44. 14,
15. If. 34. 12. Sc 3.
6, 7. 2 Sam. 5/8.
Jofh.j5.16. 1 Sara.
17. 25, 26.

CHAP. XI.
Here ( 1 ) "Jephthah, the once-expelled fon of an har
lot, is elecled by his brethren of Gilead to head them
againfl the Ammonites ; and he, with folemn prayer,
accepts the charge ; 1- — n. (2) By repeated re-
monfitrances to the king of the Ammonites, he unfuc-
cefsfully attempts to compofe matters without blood
fhed; 12 — 28. (3) He enters on the war with a
folemn but rafh vow ; he profecutes it with bravery,
and finifh es it in a glorious viclory ; 29 — 33.
(4) After his return from conquefi. his vow greatly
diflreffes him, and iffues in the facrificing of his daugh
ter ; 34 — 40.
NOW a Jephthah the Gileadite was
a mighty man of valour, and he
was the fon of * an harlot : and Gilead
begat Jephthah.
2 And Gilead's wife bare him fons ;
and his wife's fons grew up, and they
b thruft out Jephthah, and faid unto him, teen.*!.*
Thou fhalt not inherit in our father's
houfe, for thou art the fon of a c ftrange tiy-
7 O i.e. E
woman.
3 Then Jephthah fled + from his bre- t »*./«,»<*,. r««.
thren, and dwelt in the d land of Tob : d*Sarai" «¦
diftrefles, yet let not the foul that is even frowned out of doors
defpair. If he makes us plead guilty at his bar, renounce our
idols, and fubmit to his niercv, theVe is hope in our end. His fa
therly heart is touched with our wretchednefs, and ready to receive
the returning prodigals. He is loath to give up his people to utter
deftrudlion : and, when he reftores his favourable fmiles, they
powerfully animate our hearts againft every foe. But it is of
great importance, in our fpiritual warfare, to have proper leaders
and directors ; and efpecially that we cleave clofe to Chrift, the
great Captain of his people.

a Heb. ti. 32. ch. 5.
io.Gen.31.25,48.2 Kin. 5. 1.
* Heb. a inottusn, an
harlot.

o. ver. 7.

2.16. Sc c.sg.
i. c. a whore.

Jephthah is chofen their captain.

CHAP. XI. Jephthah" s meffage to the Ammonites.

( Heb. after
Ch. 10. 8.

g Ch. JO. 9— 14,
Prov.. 24. 10.

. Exod. 8. 8, 28- &
9. 28. Sc 10. 17..
J Kin. 13. 6.

j,46°rorCihi65. and' there were gathered e vain men to
ech.9.4. 1 sam. Jephthah, and went out with him.
4 ^[ And it came to pafs, f in procefs
of time, that the children of Ammon
made war againfl Ifrael.
5 And it was fo e that, when the chil
dren of Ammon made war againfl Ifrael,
the elders of Gilead went to fetch Jeph
thah out of the land of Tob :
6 And they laid unto Jephthah, Come,
and be our captain, that we may fight
with the children of Ammon.
7 And Jephthah faid unto the elders of
" ° «•,?;'. pj*!?: Gilead, h Did not ye hate me, and expel
I;' me out of my father's houfe ? and why
are ye come unto me now when ye are
in diftrefs ?
8 And the elders of Gilead faid unto
rLuke,7,3,ver,,8. Jephthah, Therefore we s turn again to
thee now, that thou mayeft go with us,
and fight againfl the children of Ammon,
and be our head over all the inhabitants
of Gilead.
9 And Jephthah faid unto the elders
.32-20-22. of Gilead, k If ye bring me home again
to fight againfl the children of Ammon,
and the Lord deliver them before me,
fhall I be your head ?
10 And the elders of Gilead faid unto
'w^^u,. Jephthah, The Lord l be witnefs be-
c'en.',6.5,.n;laHI: tween us, if we do not fo according to
24.12. Gen. 31.53. » a
thy words.
1 1 Then Jephthah went with the elders
of Gilead, and the people made him head
and captain over them: and Jephthah
m£rlS*9;*™; uttered all m his words before the Lord
,5, in Mizpeh.
'*»;»* J2 f And Jephthah n fent meflengers
M.,4. eut.20. untQ tne kjng ofthg children of Ammon,
faying, What hafl thou to do with me,
that thou art come againfl me to fight in
my land ?
1 3 And the king ofthe children of Am
mon anfwered unto the meflengers of
%:5?9-n'»£™I.. Jephthah, ° Becaufe Ifrael took away my
land when they came up out of Egypt,
from Arnon even unto Jabbok, and unto
Jordan : now therefore reftore thofe lands
again peaceably.
fPr.i2o.7.Rom.i2. o r j
14 And Jephthah Ment meflengers

k Num.
Gen. 24. 5

r Exod. xii — xix.
Num. x— ; xx. #T
33. 3—36.

18. Heb. 11. 14
Mai k g, 50,

again unto the king of the children of iI46-rorii6j-.
Ammon :
15 And faid unto him, Thus faith
Jephthah, 1 1frael took not away the land ^:^N,t
of Moab, nor the land of the children of
Ammon :
16 But when Ifrael/ came up from
Egypt, and walked through the wil
dernefs unto the Red fea, and came to
Kadefh ;
17 Then s Ifrael fent meflengers unta'fe£,&£
the king of Edom, faying, Let me, I
pray thee, pafs through thy land : but the
king of Edom would not hearken thereto.
And in like manner they fent unto the
king of Moab : but he would not confent..
And x Ifrael abode in Kadefh. x ' Num- "¦ u,s-
18 Then " they went along through b^™"^.j?&&j"*
the wildernefs, and compafled the land "~^'
of Edom, and the land of Moab, and
came by the eaft fide of the land of
Moab, and pitched on the other fide of
Arnon, x but came not within the border *^"-'i-*
of Moab : for Arnon was the border of
Moab. 19 And J Ifrael fent meffengers unto yK.£^|v
Sihon. king of the Amorites, the king of >j- s-3*.
Hefhbon; and Ifrael faid unto him, Let
us pafs, we pray thee, through thy land
unto my place.
20 But Sihon trufted not Ifrael to pais
through his coafl : but Sihon gathered
all his people together, and pitched in
Jahaz, and fought againfl Ifrael.
2 1 And the Lord God of Ifrael deli
vered Sihon and all his people into the
hand of Ifrael, and they fmote them : fo
Ifrael poffeffed all the land of the Amo
rites, the inhabitants of that country.
22 And they poffeffed z all the coafts z^\7:|„^
of the Amorites, from'* Anion even unto -3**e-£jz.M.
Jabbok, and from the wildernefs even '^2%&£°
T 1 on the north, and
UlltO Oman* ft™ the Arabian
J r defert on thc caft
23 So now the Lord God of Ifrael ££»•»''« &«
hath difpofleffed the Amorites from be
fore his people Ifrael, and fhouldft thou
poffefs it ? aN1-.rn.21.19.1Kin,
24 Wilt not thou poffefs that which 'j.j".48.iJ.'
a Chemofh thy god giveth thee to poflefs ? nJ^'A.^.
So b whomfoever the Lord bur God fhall. £;i^:&^ss*

Jephthah' s victory over fhe Ammonites.

J U D G- E Si

Jephthah' 'j daughter is facrifced.

Before Clv.ift
1 146, or 1 165.

c Num. 22. 2. Deut.
23. 4. J nili. 14. 9,
Mic. 6. 5.

d Jofh. 11. 18. Sc 23.
1. with ch. 3. 11,
¦ts. Sec. is. Sc 8.
28. 8c 9. zz.-8c 10.
1.3,8. i.e. between
1452 and 1152.

eGen. 18. 25. Pf. 50
6. I Sam. 24. 12.
,-..., .. ., s.

Gen. 3
16. S.

53. &

f Prov. 21.29. & 16.
18. Pf. 120. 7. Sc
68. 30. 2 Thef. 3.

g Ch. 3. 10. Sc 6. 34.
1 Chr. 12.18. Heb.
II. 32.

h See Ch. 10. 17.

i'Gen. 28. 20. Pf. 76.
n. Num. xxx.
Eccl. 5. 1, 2. Gal.
4-18.

$ Heb. that which
totnettij orth , which
fhall come forth.

k It might be ren
dered, or 1 will of
fer it. Sec. Lev.
27. 11. 11. 66. 3.
Deut. 23. 18.

INum. 32. 34. Deut.
2. 36. 8c 3. 12. If.
17.2. Ezek. 27.17,

drive out from before us, them will we
poflefs. 25 c And now art thou any thing bet
ter than Balak the fon of Zippor king of
Moab ? did he ever ftrive againft Ifrael,
or did he ever fight againft them,-
26 While Ifrael dwelt in Hefhbon and
her towns, and in Aroer and her towns,
and in all the cities that be along by the
coafts of Arnon, d three hundred years ?
why therefore did ye not recover them
within that time?
27 Wherefore I have not finned againft
thee, but thou doft me wrong to war
againft me: e the Lord the Judge be
judge this day between the children of
Ifrael and the children of Ammon.
28 f Howbeit, the king of the chil
dren of Ammon hearkened not unto the
words of Jephthah which he fent him.
29 <§ Then s the fpirit of the Lord
came upon Jephthah, and he paffed over
Gilead, and Manafleh, and pafled over
h Mizpeh of Gilead, and from Mizpeh of
Gilead he pafled over unto the children
of Ammon.
30 And Jephthah i vowed a vow unto
the Lord, and faid, If thou fhalt with
out fail deliver the children of Ammon
into mine hands,
3 1 Then it fliall be, that § whatfoever
cometh forth of the doors of my houfe
to meet me, when I return in peace from
the children of Ammon, fhall furely be
the Lord's, k and I will offer it up for a
burnt-offering. 32 ^[ So Jephthah paffed over unto the
children of Ammon to fight againft them ;
and the Lord delivered them into his
hands. 22 And he fmote them from ' Aroer
even till thou come to Minnith, even

twenty cities, and unto + the plain of the
vineyards, with a Very great flaughtei
Thus the children of Ammon were fub
dued before the children of Ifrael.
34 % And Jephthah came to Mizpeh
unto his houfe ; and, behold* m his daugh
ter came out to meet him with timbrels
and with dances ; and (he was his only
child ; + befide her he had neither fon nor
daughter. '2$ And it came to pafs* when he faw
her, that he rent n his clothes, and faid,
Alas, my daughter ! thou haft brought
me very low, and thou art one of them
that trouble me ; ° for I have opened my
mouth unto the Lord, and I cannot go
back. 36 And fhe faid unto him, My father,
if thou hafl opened thy mouth unto the
Lord, do to me according to that which
hath proceeded out of thy mouth ; foraf-
much as the Lord hath taken vengeance
for thee of thine enemies, even of the
children of Ammon.
37 And fhe faid unto her father, Let
this thing be done for me : let me alone
two months, that I may go up and
down upon the mountains, and p bewail
my virginity, I and my fellows.
38 And he faid, Go. And he fent her
away for two months : and fhe went
with her companions, and bewailed her
virginity upon the mountains.
39 And it came to pafs, at the end of
two months, that fhe returned unto her
father, who q did with her according to
his vow which he had vowed : and fhe
knew no man.
40 And it was a " cuflom in Ifrael, that
the daughters of Ifrael went *§ yearly * to
lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gi-
leadite four days in a year.

Before Chrift
1 146, or 1 165
. t "r Mel.

m Exod. 15. 20.
1 Sam. 18. 6. PC,
68. 2J.

t Heb. of himfelf.

n Gen. 37. 29, 34. &
44. 13. Num. 14.
6- 2 Sam. 3. 21.
1 Kin. 21. 27.
2 Kin. 19. 1. Efth.
4. t. Afla 14. 14.
Job 1. 20. Ezra 9.
5-
oLev. 27. 28, 29. Pf,
15. 4. Num. 30.4,
5. Eccl. S. 2. Pi,
119. 106.

p I Sam. t.. 6. Luke
I. 25. It was a re
proach in Ifrael _
for a woman to die
ci-aldkls.

q Ver. 31. Lev. 27.
28, 29. If. 66. 3.
There is too much
reafon to believe '
that he really of
fered her in lacri-
lice.
II Or ordinance. .
$ Heb. from year tc
year.
* Or to tall -with, i.e.
to celebrate her
praifes, and be
wail her untimely
end.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — The indulgers of lawlefs luft
ordinarily entail both mifery and fhame upon the unhappy fruit of
their guilty amours. But it is unreafonable for us to reproach a
man with the urihappinefs of his birth, when his practice deferves
a more honourable,relation. God often firft debafes thofe whom
he intends to exalt, and marks men's f.m, not onlyin their diftrefs,
but alfo in the means of their deliverance. Whorifh Ifrael muft
be now delivered and governed by the baftard fon of an harlot,
lately an exi!-.' : but no man ought to be trampled on, or defpifed ;

we may need his help ere we die. And, if we have injured any,
it is proper to entreat their pardon as quickly as poflible. No in
juries fhould render us implacable. Agreements ought to be very
explicit and diftinct ; and, if important, ought to be ratified with
folemn prayer. Before entrance on war, the moft folerrin acknow
ledgments Ihould be made to God, and repeated endeavours peace
ably to compofe every difference ; that fo, if war cannot be
avoided, we may profecute it with a good confeience, anddepend on
God for fuccefs in it. For it is reafonable that fuch as delight in

Ephraimites quarrel with him.

CHAP. XII.

Before Chrift
JI4JJ, or 1165,

CHAP. XII.

fieri ( 1 ) Jephthph feverely punifhes the quarrelfome
Ephraimites for their threatening and abufive lan
guage to him and his troops; I — b.r (2) Perhaps
heart-broken for his daughter's death, he foon after
dies; 7. (3) Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon, judge Ifrael;
and the firft and lafi have numerous families ;
8—15.

AND the men of Ephraim ¦ gathered
themfelves together, and went north-

-ft Htfb. wire caVei.
Ch. 8. I. Eccl. 4.
4. PJ. 109. 4, Johu
10. ja. Prev. 18. -
3, 6, 7. 6c ai. 13, fc?
24. jam. 3. 6, s. wanj; ancj faid unto Jephthah, Where
fore pafledft thou over to fight againfl
the children of Ammon, and didft not call
us to go with thee ? we will burn thine
houfe upon thee with fire.
* ch, H. k-jj. 2 And Jephthah faid unto them, bI
and my people were at great ftrife with
the children of Ammon ; and, when I
called you, ye delivered me not out of
their hands.
3 And, when I faw that ye delivered
e<^:lS'z»SzT ms not> c I Put my life in my hands, and
{f^Komlsi't pafled over againft the children of Am
mon, and the Lord delivered them into
my hand : wherefore then are ye come up
unto me this day to fight againfl me?
4 Then Jephthah gathered together all
, and fought with
Ephraim : and the men* of Gilead fmote
Ephraim, becaufe they faid, Ye Gilead -
*25hiotptovSiT;. ites Qre "fugitives of Ephraim among the
theIvery'fcu'nfaanrd Ephraimites and among the Manaflites.
wo tribes. ce 5 And the Gileadifes f took the paffages
f/&"£Vr7,M" of Jordan before the Ephraimites: and
it was fo, that when thofe Ephraimites
who were efcaped faid, Let me go over ;
that the men of Gilead faid unto him,

Forty thoufand Ephraimites cut off.
Art thou an Ephraimite? Jf he faid, 114.6° on 165.
Nav ;
6 Then faid they unto him, * Say now, *T$£r?&
Shibboleth : and he faid Sibboleth : for
he could not frame to pronounce it right.
Then they took him, and flew him at
the paffages of Jordan: and h there fell **?&%$£%:
at that time of the Ephraimites forty and
two thoufand.
7 f And Jephthah judged Ifrael fix c!r' ' '
years. Then died Jephthah the Gilead-
ite, and waa buried in one of the cities of
Gilead.

01:1159.

8 % And after him Ibzan of ! Beth-

Rev. si- II.

i«.h47,;8.°'Deut'Ithe men of Gilead

war fhould be ruined by it. Unjuft men are ready to infift upon the
moft antiquated claims ; and, however many practife injuftice,
few choofe to be reckoned unjuft. But, when the Lord hath
given us any thing by fpecial grant, we may infift upon the poffef
fion of it. To receive it from him, ufe it to his glory, keep it for
his fake, and return it to him when he calls for it, is part of the
duty which we Owe to him. What care ought to be taken in
contracting a folemn vow, that it may never prove a fnare to our
foul! And, having engaged to any thing lawful, we muft in no
wife go back. But it is mournful when parents by their raihnefs
involve their obedient children in fin, in mifery, or in death ; and
kind and comforting to make the joys and griefs of our neigh- '¦¦
hours our own. In this world, how is our wine mixed with
water; our triumphs with diftrefs ; our joys with grief ! Let thefe
things make me iong for the better country above*
Vol. I.

i Gen. 35. 19. Mie«
5. 2. Mat. 2. j.
lehem judged Ifrael.
9 And he khad thirty fons, and thirty ~C1>- '••<•"«¦'*
daughters, whom he fent abroad, and took
in thirty daughters from abroad for his
fons. And he judged Ifrael feven years.
10 Then died Ibzan., jaud- was buried at "33»or "J4*
Beth-lehem. 1 1 f And after him Eton a Zebulonite
judged Ifrael; and he judged Ifrael ten-"
years. 1 2. And Elon the Zebulonite died, and
was buried in Ajalon in the country of
Zebulun. 13 % And after him Abdon the fon of
Hillel a Pirathonite judged Ifrael.
1 4 And he had forty fons and thirty
'nephews, that m rode on threefcore and Pro'v^Y**
ten afs colts : and he judged Ifrael eight »o>-«°-4.&Ma.
years. 15 And Abdon the fon of Hillel the *"j.<h-«14-
Pirathonite died, and was buried in Pira-
thon in the land of Ephraim, in the mount

of the n Amalekites. " n ?™i ,i&. ,&.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Quarrels between brethren
are often the moft bitter and violent ; for the moft caufelefs wrath -
is the moft outrageous and cruel. The moft fpotlefs characters
are the faireft marks for e'nyy : and the moft fignal fervices often
expofe men to the moft virulent abufe of thofe whom they have
faved from mifery. But difregard of a calm felf-vindication fre
quently forces the injured to harder meafures. How mifchievous
is an infolent abufive tongue! It fets on fire the whole courfe of
nature, and is fet on fire of hell, and often iffues in the ruin of
the proprietor. They, who are moft in fault, would often fave
themfelves by being clamorous againft the innocent: but the
greateft boafters are ufually the greateft cowards. B°th God and
men take pleafure in abtjfing the proud. Thefe Ephraimites had
gloried in their tribe ; now they deny it. Lately they went over
Jordan to burn Jephthak's houfe upon him ; now they fneak
homeward, and are .cut off from their own. Lately they reviled
Cc c

Samfon' s birth is foretold.

JUDGES.

Samfon1 s Nazaritefhip frefcrlha\

Before Chrift
"35. of "55-

CHAP. XIII.

Here, ( i ) Ifrael having again relapfed into idolatry,
and thereby fallen under forty years' oppreffion of the
Philiftines, the birth of Samfon, a partial-deliverer,
is foretold to his mother; and he is devoted of God
to be a perpetual Nazarite; I — 5. (2) Informed
hereof by his wife, Manoah fupplicates a fecond vifit
of the divine Meffenger, for confirming his former
declaration, and directing how to educate the child;
6 — 8. (3) God grants them both a vifit; repeats
bis former diretlions relative to Nazaritefhip ; is
kindly entertained ; refufes to declare his name ;
hut, by his inflaming their facrifice, and afcending to
heaven, fhew s himfelf to be an angel, i. e. the Angel
Jehovah ; 9—20. (4) His appearance makes a
deep and awful imprefiion upon Manoah and his
wife; 20 — 23. (5) Samfon is born, and at times
is favoured with uncommon influences of the Spirit
of God; 24, 25.
•He> ctdd.dt.cm- \ ND the children of Ifrael * a did evil
?rSferVi.udeun'. X"Y. again in the fight of the Lord ; and
tier the Pbjlinines O O 7
SeTennthcyea£°of the Lor d delivered them into the hand of
^tiSnlttsfch: the Philiflines forty years.
Io. 8. or under lb- mr a J 1 • r
*an,ch.i2. 9. 2 ^j And there was a certain man of
3&'46Iii,&|.?:£1,Zorah, of the family of the Danites,
bjU.,9.™&it whofe name was Manoah ; and his wife
I?:™;!?"*;., was c barren, and bare not.
eGen.rj"",!&2J. 3 Alld ttie d aI1gcl °f tlie L°RD aP"
isaS.?'7r£.uke peared unto the woman, and faid unto
dchrffl.ch.z.i.& her» e Behold nowj thou art barren, and
fcll'-Su^j't" bearefl not ; but thou fhalt conceive and
Luke 1. 13, 31. 1 r
.Ge,.,7..6.&2S.bearaf°n- ,.
?i'a£.3,?M?i.uke 4 Now therefore beware, I pray thee,
™h,u an<i f drink not wine nor ftrong drink,
f Num. 6. z, 3. O '
and eat not any unclean thing:
5 For, lo, thou fhalt conceive and bear
*iV i's™ ?.*?,¦ a f°n J and g no razor fhall come on his
.i^iSS-Jt^head: for the child fhall be a Nazarite
unto God from the womb : and he fhall
v^&1m.,8S.^m•S• h begin to deliver Ifrael out of the hand of
the Philiflines.
6 % Then the woman came and told
1 iT^'s^Kin^' her hufband, faying, A ' man of God
Jolh. 14.6. 1 Tim. •> ° , , .
conceive'd^hofy came unta me> anc* nis countenance
t™fthe^n«!Je. was like the countenance of an angel of
God, very terrible : but I afked him not
whence he was, neither told he me his
name :
7 B.ut he faid unto me, Behold, thou
fhalt conceive and bear a fon ; and now

twvah c

drink no wine nor ftrong drink, neither t%£l™T%s.
eat any unclean thing: for the child fhall ""' ~
be a Nazarite to God from the womh to
the day of his death.
8 ^[Then Manoah entreated the Lord,
and faid, O my Lord, k Let the man of k,l\)illtl9:
God whom thou didft fend come again
unto us, and teach us what we fhall do
unto the child that fhall be born.
9 And God 'hearkened to the voice 1^L***-MM-*
of Manoah ; and the angel of God came
again unto the woman as fhe fat in the
field : but Manoah her hufband was not
with her.
10 And ra the woman made hafle, B£$&£4[$
and ran, and fhewed her hufband, and *'*'1J'
faid unto him, Behold, the man hath
appeared unto me that came unto me the
other day.
1 1 And Manoah arofe, and went after
his wife, and came to the man, and faid
unto him, Art thou the man that fpakefl
unto the woman ? And he faid, I am.
12 And Manoah faid, Now let thy
words come to pafs: n + How fhall we n een. «^9 Prqr.
order the child, and * " how fhall we do '¦«•
V • 5 iUt\t.ltn>at fhall. t
UntO tlim I the manner of the,
13 And the angel of the Lord faid jo,^*™.*
unto Manoah, Of all that I faid unto the BHeb.whatftiaube
. ' htsvnri!
woman let her beware.
14 She "may not eat of any thing that ° iS'.fe.ISSi.».
cometh ofthe vine, neither let her drink 3i,MiU "*•*"•
wine or ftrong drink, nor eat any unclean
thing: all that I commanded her let her
obferve. 15 % And Manoah faid unto the angel
of the Lord, I pray thee, let us detain
thee until we p fhall have made ready a ^f^af™;
kid for thee. 5l>4,-«-
16 And the angel ofthe Lord faid unto
Manoah, Though thou detain me, I will
not eat of thy bread : and, if thou wilt
offer a burnt -offering, 1 thou muft offer it q §;£•* £&*£
unto the Lord. For Manoah knew not
that he was an angel ofthe Lord.
1 7 And Manoah faid unto the angel of
the Lord, What is thy name, that when

the Gileadites as fugitives; now, from an infirmity peculiar to
their own country, they are difcerne.d, and flain in their flight. — ¦
God fometimes calls men to an. office without putting any remark-

-*¦*-

able work in their hand: and the days of the faints' honour or life
are often but few and evil. Death's fhafts fly thick— let us there
fore fo number our days as to apply our hearts unto wifdom,

Samfon is born ; begins to acl.

CHAP. XIII. XIV.

Samfon's courtfhip*

Before Chrift
II35,orii55.
T I Sam. 9. 8, I Kin.
14- J.
% Gen,32. 29. If. 9. 6.
4 Or wonderful.
tCh. 6.26. 1 Sam. 7.
9. 1 Kin. 18. 30 —
3!.
u Jofh. e. 13. ch. 6.
11. 1 Kin. \%. 30.

•i Seech .6. 21.1 Kin.
2. II. Pf. 47. 5.
Heb. 1. 3. Rev. 8.
J.4-
y Gen. 17. j. Mat.
17. 6. Eick. 1. 28.
Dan, 10.9.

I S*Ck1,|3. 10. Deut.
5. 26. ch. 6. 22.

21 Cor.I2.2i; 2 Kin.
5. 13. Gen. 4, 4, 5.
ti. 86. 17.

b Pf. vc. 14. Prov.
3. 32, John 14. 22.

•Serving like the
fun.
c I Sam. 3. 19. Luke
1.52.
d Ch. 3. 10. Sc 6. 34.
Sc 11, 29. John 3.
34-
t Ch. 18. 12. Sc 16.
31. & 18.2, II.
Jolh. 19. 41. & 15.
31-

thy fayings come to pafs we may r do thee
honour ?
18 And the angel of the Lord faid
unto him, s Why afkefl thou thus after
my name, feeing it is § fecret ?
19 So Manoah c took a kid with a
meat-offering, and offered it upon a
rock unto the Lord : and the angel " did
wondroufly; and Manoah and his wife
looked, on.
20 For it came to pafs, wfien the flame
went up toward heaven from off the altar,
that the angel of the Lord x afcended in
the flame of the altar. And Manoah and
his wife looked on it, y and fell on their
faces to the ground.
2 1 But the angel of the Lord did no
more appear to Manoah and to his wife.
Then Manoah knew that he was an angel
of the Lord.
22 And Manoah faid unto his wife,
1 We fhall furely die, becaufe we have
leen God.
23 But his wife * faid unto him, If the
Lord were pleafed to kill us he would
not have received a burnt-offering and a
meat-offering at our hands, neither would
he have b fhewed us all thefe things, nor
would as at this time have told us fuch
things as thefe.
24 ^f And the woman bare a fon, and
called his name * Samfon. And c the
child grew, and the Lord blefled him.
25 And the d fpirit of the Lord began
to move him at times in c the camp of
Dan between Zorah and Efhtaol.

refote Chrift
1 1 r 5, or 1 1 ] J.

CHAP. XIV.
Here we have ( I ) Samfon's courtfhip of a daughter of
the Philiflines, and marriage of her with his parents'
confent; I — 5,7,8. (2) His conquefi of a roaring
lion, and the prize of honey which he afterwards
found in the carcafe ; 5, 6, 8, 9. (3) The riddle he
propofed to his Philifline companions at the marriage-
feaft, which was explained by the treachery of his
wife; 10 — 18. (4) To pay the prize for expound
ing the riddle, and to punifh his wife's treachery,
he kills thirty Philiftines, and breaks off his new al
liance; 19, 20.
AND Samfon went down to 3 Tim- *w. %.££%.
nath, and b faw a woman in Tim- boca. 6. *.&».»,
nath of the daughters of the Philiflines.
2 And he came up, and told his father
and his mother, and faid, I have feen a
woman in Timnath of the daughters of

now therefore

get

her

c Cen.tr. it. & zlt
3— 8. & 28. 1,2.

the Philiftines;
for me to wife.
3 Then his father and his mother faid
unto him, Is there never a woman among
the daughters of d thy brethren, or among d?7eY^n*e»?
all my people, that thou goeft to take a „L
•/• /• i *- • • P i tyi "i • n • , e Ch. i$. lis. Gen.
wife of the ' uncircumcifed Philiftines ? l^ViTjs4"
And Samfon faid unto his father, Get her **¦«¦»•''>«'•
for me, for * fhe pleafeth me well. *S^'/,.is":ei''B
4 But his father and his mother knew
not that it was f of the Lord that he ttf%%lL*£'
fought an occafion againfl the Philiflines : "5-3t3'odja
for at that time the Philiflines « had do- gg,^,7.'&,J"
minion over Ifrael.
5 % Then went Samfon down, and his
father and his mother, to Timnath, and
came to the vineyards of Timnath : and,
behold, a young lion roared f" againfl
him. 6 h And the fpirit of the Lord came

f Heb. m muting
him. This was an
emblem of the
Phijiftin&sand the
devil.
hCh. 3.10. Sc 11.29.
1 5am. 11. 6.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — Where there is the greateft
, danger, and the leaft profpe£t of relief, it often comes. Mercies
Jong waited for are rendered remarkably valuable, for the encou
ragement of others to wait on the Lord. And, to fupport the fink
ing fpirits of his people, God often iffues promifes of falvation long
before they are fulfilled. Thofe, whom God honours to be deli
verers of churches and nations, ought to be remarkably holy them
felves, and devoted to the fervice of God. Parents ought to be
ware of infecfting their children with any thing of flefhly lufts; and
married perfons ought to communicate their fpiritual experiences
one to another. — Divine inftru&ions animate our defire after fur
ther fellowfhip with God: and how ready is God to fatisfy fuch
longing defires! Such as enjoy real communion with him wifh
all their relations to fhare of it. And fuch as know the real im
portance of children will be earneftly defirous of God's direction
and affiftance in their education, for his honour. Mercies are
jnercies indeed only when they are rightly managed. But fo

treacherous are our memories and hearts, that we need line upoii
line, and precept upon precept ; and to have always at hand a
loving and careful remembrancer. Gratitude to God, and to hi$
minifters for his fake, is highly agreeable : but let us never tempt
the one nor the other with our curious inquiries What God
conceals we may be holy without the knowledge of: and, if we
afk in prayer what is not for our real advantage, it is a great
mercy to have our fuit denied. But how animating is it to behold
an afcending Redeemer carrying our hearts and fervices, all in
flamed with his love, along with him! Let not his faints through
unbelief be afraid of their fignal mercies, or afraid to die in thc
Lord ; but ever put a juft and favourable conftruftion on the pro
vidences of God, and ever look to Jefus' facrifice as the great
foundation of their -hopes and comfort';. God's promifes fhall
moft certainly be fulfilled. And how plenfant to obferve the early
impreflions of God's Spirit upon our children!
C C C 2

Samfon's faughter of a lion]

JUDGES.

marriage riddle; riddle refolved.

' Before Chrift
1115, or 1135.
2 1 Sam. 17.34. with
ch. 15. 8,15. & 16.
30. 1 John 3. 8.
Col. 2. 15. Zech.
4-6.
It If. 42. 2. Mat. 11.
*9-

1 Mat. 1. 20. Gen.
29. 21.

% What comfort te
Chrift and bis
people, and what
$>onaur to hie fa
ther, is in his vic
tory over fin, Sa-
tan, death, and
fcell!

tt Cen. jrj.-2». John
a. 1—9.

¦ 1 3am. 10. 13. Sc
|6.6.
O I Sam.' i3. 20, 21.
Mat. g. 15.

p 1 Kin. jo. 1. Ezek.
17. 2. Mat. J3. II.
ver. 13, 16.
cs Gen. 29. 27. rer.
J7-
J 0.-,4i>a.

*Gcn. 45.2a. 2 1(in.
S-ta.

s John «. 51—561
*Cor. 4. 17.

* 1 Cor. 2. 14, 15-.
Mat. 13- 11. John
6. 32—60.

mightily upon him, and he J rent him
as he would have rent a kid, and he had
nothing in his hand: k but he told 'not
his father or his mother what he had
done. 7 And he went down, and talked with
the woman ; and fhe pleafed Samfon
well. 8 5T And after a time he returned to
1 take her, and he turned afide to fee the
carcafe of the lion : and, behold, there
was a fwarm of bees and + honey in the
carcafe of the lion.
9 And he took thereof in his hands,
and went on eating, and came to his
father and mother, and he gave them,
and they did eat : but he told not them
that he had taken the honey out of the
carcafe of the lion.
10 ^|" So his father went down unto
the woman, and Samfon m made there a
feaft ; for fo ufed the young men to do.
1 1 And it came to pafs, when they
n faw him, that they brought ° thirty
companions to be with him.
12 ^[ And Samfon faid unto them, I
p will now put forth a riddle unto you :
if ye can certainly declare it me within
the 'feven days of the feaft, and find it
out, then I will give you thirty H fheets
and thirty change of garments :
1 3 But if ye cannot declare it me, then
fhall ye give me thirty fheets and thirty
r change of garments. And they faid unto
him, Put forth thy riddle, that we may
hear it.
14 And he faid unto them, s Out of
the eater came forth meat, and out of the
ftrong came forth fweetnefs. And ' they
could not in three days expound the
riddle.

15 And it came to pafs, on the feventh
.day, that they faid unto Samfon's wife,
u Entice thy hufband, that he may de
clare unto us the riddle, * left we burn
thee and thy father's houfe with fire:
have ye called us § to take that we have ?
is it not fo ?
16 And Samfon's wife 7 wept before
him, and faid, Thou doft but hate me,
and lovefl me not : thou haft put forth
a riddle unto the children of my people,
and hafl not told it me. And he faid
unto her, Behold, I have not told it my
father nor my mother, and fhall I tell //
thee ?
17 And fhe wept before him * the
feven days, while their feaft lafted : and
it came to pafs on the feventh day that
he told her, becaufe fhe lay fore upon
him : and z fhe told the riddle to the
children of her people.
1 8 And the men of the city faid unta
him on the feventh day, before the fun
went down, What is fweeter than honey?
and what is ftronger than a lion ? And
he faid unto them, If ye had not plowed
with my a heifer, ye had not found out
my riddle.
19 ^[bAnd the fpirit of the Lord came
upon him, and he went down to Afhke-
lon, and flew thirty men of them, and
took their + fpoil, and gave change of
garments unto them which expounded
the riddle. And his c anger was kindled,
and he went up to his father's houfe.
20 But Samfon's wife was given, to his
companion, whom he had ufed as his
d friend.

Before Chrift
II-15, orll.35.

uCen. 3.6. ch. 16.5,
Job 31. 27. Prov.
5. 3.&6. 3.
x Ch. 15. 6.

$ Heb. to poffefs ut,
or toimioi/irifhstsi

TCh.li.15. Job 2.

* Or the reft or (J*
feven days. Sic.

zMic.7. 5. Job z. 9.
FCDV. 2. l6} 17.

a Wife. Ver.if— Vf.
Mic. 7. 5.

%ver.

*Ch.3.TO.&u.l I Sam. 11. 6. veT.
6. An uncommon
impulle ofthe fpi
rit.
t Or apfartl.

c Againfl his wife
and her friends.
Ver. 15—17. ca,
J5-1.

ll Principal. John
3- J*

CHAP. XV.
By courting an alliance with the Philiflines, Samfon
had fought occafions againfl them. Here he finds

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — It is dangerous to be
Raided by the eye in the choice of our marriage companions : but
it is needful and proper to fubmit ourfelves to the authority of
parents, who are over us in the Lord, as their property, and parts
of themfelves. And notliing ought they to object to fo urgently, as
to children's marrying with fuch as feem irreligious. God often
indeed carries on his great purpofes by means which cannot be
juftified in us; for when people are wandering out of God's way
they have reafon to expect dangers, and even devils, to meet with
and oppofe them. It is glorious when great exploits are attended
with great humility ; and highly becoming when perfons keep up j

an affecting remembrance of what God has done for them, and
cheerfully allow their parents a fhare of what they acquire by their
labour. And it is prudent to amufe ourfelves and others at cheerful
entertainments with fomething inftrudfive- and' ufeful. God often
brings the fweeteft mercies out of the fevereft trials : but the
treacherous pretences of affection fpeedily iffue in diflike and mif
chief. Secrets, once trufted out of our own breafts, feldom conti
nue long fuch. Rafh marriages often iffue in fudden feparations :
and, if women's affections once ftray from their hufbands, their
perfons will foon follow.. Nor are any more apt to defile the bed
tliaa falfe pretenders to friejidfhip.

Samfon feeks occafion againfl,

CHAP. XV\

ani flays, the Philiflines.

Pcfore Chrift
ij.15, or U35>

a Gen. jS. 17. Luke
15.29.
b Gen. 6. 4. Sc 4. 1.
ch. 16.1. Joel 2.16.

eCh. 14. 19. Afls
26.9.

d Gen. 24. 34. & 38.
14. 1 Cor. 7. 36.

> Heb. Id her it
thine.

C,Or rvoiu fhall I he
blamelefs from the
Phill/tines. though,
Sec. Ch. 14. 15.

fSonei. ij. Pf. St.
jo.Lam.5.i8.Neh. 4, 3. The fbxe»
were extremely
plenty in fome
places of the lot of
the Danites, and
he might have af-
fiAanis in catch
ing them.

% Torches.

gCh. 14. T5. Prov.
10. 24. Sc 22. 8.
Hof. 8. 7. j Thef.
4.6.

hCh.14.4, ic..R.om.
12. 19.

i Deut. 28. 3;. Eaek.
9. 5, 6. Perhaps
fie killed thein
wilt) his feet,

feveral. ( I ) From the perfidioufnefs of his wife and
her father, he takes occafion to burn their Jtanding
corn with foxes and firebrands; 1 — 5. (2) From
the Philiftines' punifhment of his wife and her father,
he takes occafion to kill multitudes of them, perhaps
with his feet; 6 — 8. (3) From the unnatural de
livery of him by his countrymen to the Phifiines, he
takes occafion to flay a thoufand of the latter with
the jaw-bone of an afs ; 9 — 17. (4) To correel
his pride, God diflreffes him with thirfl ; and then,
at his requefl, miraculoufly fupplies him with water;
18 — 20,,
BUT it came to pafs within a while
after, in the time of wheat harveft,
that Samfon vifited his wife with a a kid ;
and he faid, I will b go in to my wife
into the chamber. But her father would
not fuffer him to go in.
, 2 And her father faid, CI verily thought
that thou hadft utterly hated her, there
fore d I gave her to thy companion : is
not her younger fifter fairer than fhe ?
* take her, I pray thee, in ftead of her.
3 % And Samfon faid concerning them,
e Now fhall I be more blamelefs than
the Philiftines, though I do them a dif-
pleafure. 4 And Samfon went and caught f three
hundred foxes, and took * firebrands,
and turned tail to tail, and put a firebrand
in the midft between two tails.
5 And, when he had fet the brands
on fire, he let than go into the Handing
corn of the Philiftines, and burnt up
both the fhocks and alfo the flanding
corn, with the vineyards and olives.
6 Then the Philiftines faid, Who hath
done this? And they anfwered, Sam
fon, the fon-in-law of the Timnite, be
caufe he had taken his wife, and given
her to his companion. And the Phili
ftines came up, ,and g burnt her and her
father with fire.
7 •f And Samfon faid unto them,
h Though ye have done this, yet will I
be avenged of you, and after that I will
ceafe. 8 And he fmote them % hip. and thigh
with a great flaughter : and he went
down and dwelt in the top of the rock
Etam. 9 % Then the Philiftines went up, and

pitched in Judahr and' fpread themfelves jji^I^o.

in k Lehi
10 And the men ofjudah faid, Why
are ye come up againfl us ? And they

Ic The place of the
jaw-bone. Vci.17*.

againfl us ?
bind Samfon

are

1 So the Jews de'i-
W e vercdChrift bound
. - . , to Pilate. Mat.
as he hath done -7-*-

f Heb. went dmvtu

brought

anfwered, l To
come up, to do to him
to us.1 1 Then three thoufand men of Judah
* went to the top of the rock Etam, and *
faid to Samfon, Knoweft thou not that
the Philiflines are m rulers over us ? what ^.Vd^;
is this that thou haft done unto us ? And
he faid unto them, As they did unto me
fo have I done unto them.
1 2 And they faid unto him, We are
come down to bind thee, that we may
n deliver thee into the hand of the Phi- "|/h£gf
liftines. And Samfon faid unto them,
r, , .,. . r 11 ©.Kill. Ver. 13. & J..
Swear unto me that ye will not •fall "• iKin.2.23,.
upon me yourfelves.
13 And they fpake unto him, faying,
No; but we will * bind thee faft, and'1"^*7'"
deliver thee into their hand : but furely
we will not kill thee. And they bound
him with two new cords,, and
him up from the rock.
1 4 ^[ And when he came unto Lehi
the 1 Philiftines fhouted againft him : and ^'.^l:2*
the l fpirit of the Lord came mightily
upon him, and the cords that were upon
his arms- became as flax that was burnt
with fire, and his bands + loofed. from, off fI"wi
his hands.
1 5 And' he found a + new jaw-bone of *'Hcb''"*
an afs, and put forth his hand and took
it, and s flew a thoufand men therewith.
1 6 And Samfon faid,. With the jaw
bone of an afs, heaps upon heaps, with
the jaw of an afs have I {lain a thoufand-
men. 17 And it came to pafs, when he had.
made an. end of^fpeaking, that he caft
away the jaw-bone out of his hand, and
called that place H' Ramath-lehi..
18- % And he was 'fore athirft, and
called on the Lord, and faid, u Thou haft
given this great deliverance into the hand.
of thy fervant : and now * fhall I die for
thirfl, and fall into the hand of the tm-
circumcifed£

r Zech. 4. 6-ch.j.io«
& 11.29 & 14-63
19. 1 Sam. 17. 7J»
Pf. 118. 11. PhiU-
4. 13.

9 Ch. 3*31. iSaiw
17. 49, 50. 2 : jih,
23.8,18. Zech. 4*
6. 1 Coiii.ii, 17 >

|| That "is, thetif)hi£
'¦'.'¦-, or cafling away
•f the jaw-bone.
tCh. 8. 5. 2 Cor. a»
8, y. John 19. 18.
Pf. 22. 14.
uPf.3.7,8.&.i8.3« —44,.
xHcb.1r.32. iSam*
17. }6. 2 Sam. 1.
i'J.Mll.u. ,.%*[]

Micah feals his mother s money.

JUDGES.

Mieah's idol and priefs.

lo^to"^. bim between 5 Zorah and Efhtaol, in the
1jorh.15.33. &i9. burying-place of Manoah his father. And
•£'£*> I,3,'-*c^- he judged Ifrael twenty years.

CHAP.

XVII.

Aoout-1430,
£ J»fh. 15. 9. ic
15, 18.

V125l.3s.4d. haif-
.jpssmy..

In this and the four following chapters are reprefented
fo us thi terrible diforders of the ffraelites when they
had mi judges, not long after the dchth df fofhtia.
Here zue are informed ( I ) How Micah, an
Ephraimite, furnifhed himfelf with an image for his
god, of the filver which, he fole from his mother ;
I — -6 : and ivith a vagabond Levite of Bcth-ltfiem-
judah for his priefi ; 7 — 13.
,7, AND there was a man of "mount
jLJl Ephraim whofe name was Micah.
2 And he faid unto hjs mother, *" The
eleven hundred fhekels. of filver that were
taken from thee, about which; thou
curfedft, and fpakeft of alfo in mine ears ;
behold, the filver iswkh me; I tspk it.
«K«.j.&oi And his mother faid, c Bleffed. &? thqu of
the Lord, my fon. ¦ : , : :-):
3 And, when he had restored the eleven
hundred fhekels of filver to his mother,
& eg. is. s, 18. if. his mother faid, A I had wholly dedicated
the filver unto the Lord from my hand
a graven image
now therefore I

"fo^'iieutll: for my fon, to 'e make
30. ch. 8. 27. If. J

20.2 — 5. Deut. 12,
^'^'ifsf'f an^ a naolten image :
IS'iViir5' will reftore it unto thee.

t

4 Yet he reftored the money unto his
mother : and his mother took two hun
dred fhekels of filver, and gave them to
the founder, who made thereof a graven

Before Chrift

, -1 jictorc *-nri
and tney dr. 1430

image and a molten image
were in the houfe of Micah.
.,; 5 ^ And the man Micah had an houfe
of gods, and mad^ an f ephod and tera^ fCi9:.Hoi:'3G4?;!''
phim, and *s confecrated one of his fons, •Heb./H*,*,**,*
r ! 1 " -L • • n S Exod. H- 5- 1 Kin.
who became his pnefh J2.3i.&i;.3i.
6 h hi- thofe days there was no king in "Siy^U
Ifrael, but every man did that; which w-as 5I-1>J-U-*-
.,..,.•' i Deut. 14 8. Prov.
rieht ' in his own eyes, ?-s-&i4.u.jer.
' 7 flp Aix-d there was a young man out Tit-3-3-
of k Beth-lehem-iudah, of the family of k ^111:^%
,.' , J T . 1 1 /• 2. not;thatch.j9.
Judah, who was a Levite; and he fo- n-
journed there.
, 8 And the man l departed out of the iN<*.i3.i°,u.
city from Beth-leh,em-judah to fojourn
where m he could find a place ;. and h&mdle"Lim*'l.'
came- to "mount Ephraim to; the houfe of nV"-i-^g-^
Micah + as he journeyed. - ,, *2£ ""**«*
9 And Micah faid unto him, Whence
comeft thou ? And he faid unto him, I
0^ a Levite of Beth-lehem-judah, and I
go to fojourn where I may find a place.
10 And Micah faid unto hw» Dwell
with me, and be unto me 9 a father and ° fil. %scf»%l
a prieft, and I will give thee ?ten fhekels ,'^^A2
of filver by the year* and + .-" a fuit of u"s-
apparel, and thy victuals., ?- So the Leyke. &<" '
went in. -d, , 'S^r*"
1 1 And the Levite was content to dwell p ^.^S"
with the man ; apd the young man was l.^'sltz™'
unto him as one of his fons.
"-_'., r , qExod. 24. 5. iKin.
1 2 And Mtcah *» confecrated the Let 'f^tcZll

Reflections upon Chap. XVI.— Dangerous is it to ramble
Into the company of fuch as are lewd or frothy. The wrath of
God hangs over the bed of lewdnefs; and the more fecure finners
are, the nearer is their deftruction. How impoflihle is it to pre
ferve in fafety the perfons who are infatuated with -fiefhly luft !
They are fixed in the bafeft flavery : nor can repeated warnings
awaken 'them to confideration. Where the love of money is
rooted in the heart, it wift not Iiefitate to betray foul andiody at
once, for a fuppofed competent bribe. -And, indeed, they who truft
either honour or life to a bafe woman deferve to be betrayed. God
juftly gives up men to fuffer whp gi\'e up themfelves to fin : and
fenfual lufts efpecially bring men at laft to' the moft fearful mifery.
But dreadful is their ruin who enfhare and make fport with the falls
and fufferings of God's people of fervants; for God will gracioufly
return to his penitent children, and renew their ftrength, in order
that before and in death they may- be avenged of their fpiritual
enemies. ,-<' <
But this Jewifh hero iHuftrioufly typifies our almighty Redeemer.
Exprefs and feafonable were the predictions concerning hirn, and
fupernatural the manner of his birth. Solemn was his, feparation to
the fervice of God1.- Invigorating the fpiritu-al influence which he re-
aeiyed. And early and marvellous his exploits. By obedience and

death he fulfilled the broken law ; and .conquered lin, Satan, tha
world, and death : and fweet is the provifion provided by it for
himfelf and his friends ; nay, for finners of mankind, even the
chief! Important are his parables, and known only to fuch as
have fellowfhip with l)irn. Bafely was he betrayed ,by Judas and
his countrymen, and delivered to the Gentiles, thaf he might be
crucified. His enemies rejoiced to fhut his eyes in death, and to
imprifon him in a grave. Making him the objefft of their deri-
fibn, they fealed him up, and watc-hed him in his tomb ; but he
brake the bands, and carried off the gates and bars, pf death ; and,
afcending up on high, led, captivity captive. All alone he per
formed his wonderful exploits. By a voluntary death, according
to his Father's will, he deftroyed thoufands of principalities and
powers. By the contemned preaching of the gofpel he conquers
thoufands of fouls, and kills ten thoufands of lufts.— But hoW
dreadful is his vengeance ! By the Romans, like lire-branded
foxes, he fpread deftru&ion among his Jewifh oppofers, and burnt
up their, cities: by furious and ravaging Goths, Saracens, Tartars,
Turks, &c. he relented, and will relent, the injgries done to his
Chriftian caufe : and how tremendoufly (hall his fiery indignation,
for ever' prey on the damned!

Danites fend to fpy out Laifh.

CHAP. XVIII.

'fhey go up againfl Laifh.

Before Chrifl
cir. 1430.

About 1425.
»Ch.l7.6.&2l.2S. & 19. 1. Pf. 12. 4.

vite ; and the young man became his
" prieft, and was in the houfe of Micah.
rProv^.&i^ 13 Then faid Micah, r Now know I
5»V that the Lord will do me good, feeing I
have a Levite to my prieft.
CHAP. XVIII.
Here the idolatry, which had taken rife in the houfe of
Micah, fpreads itfelf into a city of the Danites.
( r ) Some Danites, ftraitened for territory in the
fouth-weft of Canaan, fend fpies to bring them accounts
of Laifh, a city on the north-eaft; and they by the
way get acquaintance with Micah' s prieft; 1—6,
(2) Encouraged by the report of the fpies, fix hun
dred warriors march againfl Laifh ; and by the way
rob Micah of his gods and his prieft. (3) Having
eafily conquered Laifh, they there fet up Micah' s
idols, and confecrate his prieft and his defcendants to
the fervice of them; 27 — 31.
IN a thofe days there, was no king in
Ifrael : and in thofe days the tribe of
the Danites. fought them an inheritance
b47: TlVftStaS to dwell in ; for b unto that day all their
ieepitft'omhU'l inheritance had not fallen unto them
among the tribes of Ifrael.
2 And the children of Dan fent of their
*Heb./™. family five men from their coafts, * men
c":j'o',h'.|f,.& of valour, c from Zorah and from Efh-
lavir/s, ii: "• taol, to fpy out the land, and to fearch it ;
and they faid unto them, Go, fearch the
* ?s%17& ll'tiX land. Who, when they came to d mount
Tcr,J- Ephraim, to the houfe of Micah, they
lodged there.
3 When they were by the houfe of
ech. 12.6. Mat. 26. Micah they e knew the voice ofthe young
man the Levite ; and they turned in
thither, and faid unto him, Who brought
thee hither? and what makeft thou in
this place? and what hafl thou here ?
4 And he faid unto them, f Thus and

—, h Neh. 6. 8. Jer. 23.
(jO 11. 1 Kin. 22. 12.

fCb. 17. ia, 12,
Ezek. 13. 19.
iTim.fc": thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath

£ Hof. 4. 12. Ads
TO. 1 Kin. 22. 5, 6.
£zck. 21. 21.

hired me, and I am his prieft.
5 And they faid unto him, E Afk coun
fel, we pray thee, of God, that we may

... /Ill Before Chrift
know whether our way which we go mail i425,ori4;
be profperous.
6 And the prieft h faid unto them, '
in peace: 'before the Lord is your way ' Jg^*^
wherein ye go.
7 % Then the five men departed,- and
came to k Laifh, and faw the people that g£ *"};*,£
were therein, how they dwelt carelefs, •gr
after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet
, - , ./? trteb.fofefor,aT
and fecure ; and there was no T magiitrate *«>»/r«i™.ii.
in the land that might put them to fhame
in any thing ; and they were far from the
Zidonians, and had no bufinefs with any
man. 8 And they came unto their brethren
to 1 Zorah and Efhtaol : and their brethren '^jom-V^'
faid unto them, What fay ye ? "¦'»."'
9 And they faid, Arife, that we may
go up againft them ; for we have feen
the land, and, behold, it is very good :
and are ye m ftill ? n be not fiothful to go, m^zfl^A\:
and to enter to poffefs the land. „ ,Sam. 4.9. Jofc.
10 When ye go, ye fhall come unto a * J'
people fecure, and to a large land : for
0 God hath given it into your hands ; a ° £%.&' i ?M
place p wherethere is no want of any thing p !*.£,!;. &?"!;
that is in the earth. ei'c£».'$.is"
1 1 <§ And there went from thence of
the family of the Danites, out of Zorah
and out of Efhtaol, fix hundred men
+ appointed with weapons of war. *.**.*.>*/.
1 2 And they went up, and pitched in
* Kirjath-jearim in Judah : wherefore they ,-£ft?£-7*„s*
called that place rMahaneh-dan unto this r or camp .i nan.
L t t m Ch. Ij. 25.
dav '• behold, it is behind Kirjath-ieanm.
J .11 rr- i 1 . sCh. 17. I. &IJ. r.
1 3 And they pafled thence unto smount J^^, .'£
Ephraim, and came unto the houfe of
Micah. 1 4 % Then anfwered the five men that
went to fpy out the country of Laifh, and .
faid unto their brethren, Do ye know

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — Covetoufnefs moft fre
quently befets people in their old age; and churlifh parents and
thievifh children often meet together. It is dreadful when thofe
Ioffes, which fhould make men pray, caufe them to curfe and blaf-
pheme. Hafty imprecations light unexpectedly where the curfer
leaft intended them. Reconcilement in fin is quickly effected:
and the moft covetous wretches liberally devote their idolized fub
ftance to the fervice of the devil. From what fmall beginnings
are the vileft corruptions introduced into nations and churches !
The grofteft idolatries are often varnifhed with high pretences to
Vol. I.

religion. But fad are the times when faithful minifters are almoft
ftarved for want ! And what an eafy prey for Satan and his agents
are unfettled profeffors, and efpecially rambling clergymen! God
readily leaves thofe to debafe themfelves who have once abandoned
themfelves to a neglect of his worfhip and fervice ; and permits
thofe, who fhould be reprovers of fin, to be principal countenancers
of it, for the fake of their belly. And upon what flight, nay,
damnable grounds, do hardened finners reckon themfelves entitled
to the favour of God! D dd

Danites rob Micah of his idol.

JUDGES.

Idolatry eflablifhed at Laifh, or Dan.

**££?&¦ that * there is in thefe houfes an ephod
t ver. 3, 4. ch..7. and teraphim, and a graven image and
a molten image ? now therefore a confider

a Ver. 5. Prov. 19,
». 11. 8. 20. w jiaf. ye kave to fa

Kxod.it. za. ch, fUpr
«7. 3. II. 46. 1, 2. "IC1,

15 And they turned thitherward, and
came to the houfe of the young man the
Levite, even unto the houfe of Micah, and
^t.cel^M. * faluted him.
*K,n. 4. j& j £ ^n(j ^g £x hundred men appointed
with their weapons of war, which were
of the children of Dan, ftood by the
entering of the gate.
1 7 And the five men that went to fpy
out the land went up, and came in thi-
and 7 took the graven image, and
the ephod, and the teraphim, and the
molten image : and the prieft ftood in
the entering of the gate with the fix
hundred men that were appointed with
weapons of war.
1 8 And thefe went into Micah's houfe,
and fetched the carved image, the ephod,
and the teraphim, and the molten image.
Then faid the prieft unto them, What
do ye ?
19 And they faid unto him, Hold thy
»jobii.s.&29.9. peace, * lay thine hand upon thy mouth,
&4D.4. Prov. 30. f » mJ r J '
-32. Mic. 7. 6. ari(j g0 W1th us, and be to us a a father
%tzlffU%X and a prieft : is it better for thee to be a
prieft unto the houfe of one man, or that
thou be a prieft unto a tribe and a family
in Ifrael ?
»ch..i7.io,n. 20 And the b prieft's heart was glad,
Prov. 30. 15. If. r p_ »
|ii=!.3JeV'Aa3 and he took the ephod, and the teraphim,
m.Vvirl™fX and the graven image, and went in the
Phil.J.ig.&Z. » » '
"- midft of the people.
21 So they turned and departed, and
put the little one^, and the cattle, and the
carriage, before them.
22 %And, when they were a good way
from the houfe of Micah, the men that
were in the houfes near to Micah's houfe
were gathered together, and overtook the
children of Dan.

«• >4-

23 And they cried unto the children of ^or0^.
Dan. And they turned their faces, and  '
faid unto Micah, What aileth thee, §that *iStS*^3T
thou comeft with fuch a company ?
24 And he faid, Ye have taken away
emy gods which I made, and the prieft, c]i"l£'5\\{\.k
and ye are gone away : and what have I r^z.iWb.'z^l;
more r and what is this that ye lay unto
me, What aileth thee ?
25 And the children of Dan faid unto
him, Let not thy voice be heard among
us, left d angry fellows run upon thee,.d2££.?tfM
and thou clofe thy life, with the lives of ^,1°%'^
thy houfehold. S^^
26 And the children of Dan went their
way: and, when Micah faw that they
were too ftrong for him, he turned and
went back unto his houfe.
27 % And they took the t-hings which
Micah had made, and the prieft which
he had, and fcame unto Laifh, unto a fV£:&iun:,9i
people that were at quiet and fecure : and
they fmote them with the edge of the
fword, and burnt the city with fire.
28 And there was no deliverer, becaufe
it was far from * Zidon, and they had no *J&Z£%%.
bufinefs with any man ; and it was in
the valley that lieth by hBeth-rehob. And ^pgf^:
they built a city, and dwelt therein.
29 And they called the name of the
city * Dan, after the name of Dan their HtV-V«?"'
father, who was born unto Ifrael : how-
beit the name of the city was Laifh at
the firft.
30 ^[ And the children of Dan k {ei up k"f„\-%.ZtfZ
the graven image : and Jonathan, the fon &«r;.if!"&,7.
of Gerfhom, the fon of Manaffeh, he and jj^«. 4- 'sViz.
16) 17* !!•
his fons were priefts to the tribe of Dan
until the day of the l captivity of the u^V:lt'z^:
11 J 15. 29. & 17. 6, 23.
31 And they fet them up Micah's
graven image, which he made, m all the my«°"' ^m."^3*
O Cj ' with 1 Sam iv.
time that the houfe of God was in Shiloh. k K 78- <*>¦

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — Outward ftraits will pufh
men to great diligence for obtaining the comforts of this life ; and
often tney go far to feek that which, by attending to God's direc
tion, they might have had near home. Very often fuch are per
mitted of God to fall into ruinous fnares : and, however earneftly
they fhun outward wants or hazards, thev rufh headlong into the
moft finful temptations. When men are ignorant or negligent of
7

confulting God and his word, they readily apply to the devil for
direction and encouragement; and receive anfwers to their wifh.
But accomplices in wickednefs ordinarily prove unfaithful to one
another. And none is more apt to be treacherous than a cler
gyman who is ambitious of preferment, and chiefly concerned for
his honour and his falary. Deplorable is the cafe of thofe who
have gods which can be taken from them, and hearts which cannot

A Levite" s concubine defert s him.

CHAP. XIX.

He retakes Ins whorijh concubine.

Before Chrift
1425, or 14151

t Ch. 17/6. Sc 18. t.
&2i.i5.Pf.ia.4.

k Ch. 17. t, 8. Jofli.
17. 15, 18. & 24.
* Heb. a zooman a
concubine^ ora wift
* concubine.
C Gen. 22. 24. & 25.
I, f>. Mal. 2. 15.
d Gen. $5. 19. Mat.
2. 6- Mic. 5. 2. ch.
17.7. ver. 2, 18.
eProv.30.ii. Gen.
16.6.
f Or a year and four
mtntbs.
J. Heb. days ftur
numbs.
fCh. 15. 1.
j Gen. 34. 3. & 5c.
21. Hoi. 2.14. Lev.
19. 17. Gal. 6- 1.
!i Hcb.'i*i her heart,
Hof. 1.14.

i Ilcb. Strengthen.
Gun.iS. 5. Pf.104.
15. 1 Kin, j}. 7.

CHAP. XIX.
In this and the two following chapters we have a mofi
jhocking fiory of the lewdnefs of a Levite' s concubine,
and of the men of Gibeah with her ; which happened
not long after the death of Jofhua, while Phinehas
was high prieft, and iffued in the almoft utter deftruc
tion of the tribe of Benjamin, [ch. 20. 28. and 21.
25.] Here (1) A Levite' 's concubine makes an adul
terous elopement from him ; 1,2. (2) When he goes to
fetch her back, her father, by his kind entreaties and
entertainment, detains them too long; 3 — 9. (3) Be
nighted by the way, the Benjamite inhabitants of
Gibeah neglecJ them, but an Ephraimite fojourner
invites them to his lodging; 10 — 21. (4) Some
lewd Benjamites attack the Levite in his lodging, in
order to abufe his body in unnatural luft ; and his
concubine being expofed to gratify their paffion, they
abufe her till fhe dies; 22 — 28. (5) By fending
pieces of her divided body to all the tribes of Ifrael,
the Levite awakens their refentment againfl the abo
minable aeed; 29, 30.
AND it came to pafs in thofe days,
a when there was no king in Ifrael,
that there was a certain Levite fojourning
on the fide of b mount Ephraim, who took
to him * c a concubine out of d Beth-
lehem-judah. 2 And his concubine 'played the whore
againfl him, and went away from him
unto her father's houfe to Beth-lehem-
judah, and was there "•" + four whole
months. 3 And her hufband arofe, and f went
after her, s to fpeak h friendly unto her,
and to bring her again, having his fervant
with him and a couple of afles : and fhe
brought him into her father's houfe : and,
when the father of the damfel faw him,
he rejoiced to meet him.
4 And his father-in-law, the damfel's
father, retained him ; and he abode with
him three days : fo they did eat and drink,
and lodged there.
5 And it came to pafs on the fourth day,
when they arofe early in the morning, that
he arofe up to depart : and the damfel's
father faid unto his fon-in-law, ' Comfort
thine heart with a morfel of bread, and
afterward go your way.
6 And they fat down, and did eat and

, /- j.1_ Before Chrift
drink both of them together : for tne ,43S, 0^415-
damfel's father had faid unto the man, Be "
content, I pray thee, and tarry all night, ^ ^ ^ ^ & ^
27. 1 Sam. 25. }6.
Efth. 1. ro. Luke
12. 19. 1 Thef. ;.
3. Rev. 11. 10, ij.
ver. 9, 12.

and let thine heart be k merry.
7 And, when the man rofe up to depart,
his father-in-law urged him : therefore
he lodged there again.
8

morning

* Hebv till the ll)
declined.

I Heb. it th, tint.

$ Heb. to over araht/l.
mJo(h.is.63.&i*. 16, 28. ch. 1. 1.
2 Sun. c. ft.

And he arofe. early in the
on the fifth day to depart : and the dam
fel's father faid, Comfort thine heart, I
pray thee. And they tarried '* until after
noon, and they did eat both of them.
9 And, when the man rofe up to depart,
he and his concubine, and his fervant,
his father-in-law, the damfel's father,
faid unto him, Behold, now the day
¦ + draweth towards evening, I pray you tn<*.hwa.
tarry all night : behold, the * day grow- *££;£#L'£j;
eth to an end; lodge here, that thine
heart may be merry ; and * to-morrow get ' ^i?' ,',*m"*'
you early on your way, that thou mayeft
go 'I home.
10 But the man would not tarry that
night ; but he rofe up and departed, and
came § over againft ra Jebus, which is
Jerufalem; and there were^ with him
two affes faddled ; his concubine alfo was
with him.
1 1 And when they were by Jebus the
day was far fpent ; and the fervant faid
unto his mafter, Come, I pray thee, and
let us turn in unto this city of the Je
bufites, and lodge in it.
1 2 And his mafter faid unto him, We
will not turn afide hither into n the city n °™6?&%?t:
of a ftranger, that is not of the children
of Ifrael ; we will pafs over to Gibeah.
13 And he faid unto his fervant, Come,
and let us draw near to one of thefe places
to lodge all night, in ° Gibeah, or in
Ramah. 14 And they paffed on and went their
way. And the fun went down upon them
when they were by Gibeah, which be-
longeth to Benjamin.
15 And they turned afide thither, to go

. S. 2 Sam. 5.

0 Jolh. 1*. «, zt.
ver. 14, 10. ck.
xx. 1 Sam. 13. .-
16. if. 10. 29. Hof.
5. 8. & 9. 9. &
io. 9.

part with them though they be the means of their ruin. But hard
is their ftate when men dare not complain of injuftice or robbery
without rifking their life ; and unhappy is the condition of thofe
who are deftitute of proper government, efpecially if they are alfo

plunged into careleffnefs and carnal fecurity : for profperity in an
evil way encourages men to perfevere in it. And the moft fin
ful cuftoms, when once they are eftablifhed, are the moft perma-
ment : it is far eafier to keep them out than to root them out.
Ddd z

The Gibeathites abufe her till fhe dies.

JUDGES.

He advert ifes all Ifrael of if.

Before Chrift
1425, or 141 5

gt Heb. aathe ed.
Heb. 13. 2. Mat.
>5- 35) 43-

in and to lodge in Gibeah
he fat him down

Eph. 4. 28. Pt.is4.
23. Sc 128. "

t Sons of Jemini.
Cen. 35. 18.

and when he
went in he fat him down in a ftreet of
the city : for there was no man that p took
them into his houfe to lodging-.
1 6 % And, behold, there came an old
'ij^Th'eVff'lo: raan 1 from his work out of the field at
even, who was alfo of mount Ephraim ;
and he fojourned in Gibeah ; but the men
of the place were. r Benjamites.
1 7 And, when he had lifted up his
eyes, he faw a wayfaring man in the
ftreet of the city : and the old man faid,
Whither goeft thou, and whence comeft
thou ?
18 And he faid unto him, We are paff-
ing from Beth-lehem-judah toward the
fide of mount Ephraim ; from thence am
I : and I went to Beth-lehem-judah, but I
* % W. '& * b. am now gomg to s tne houfe of the Lor d ;
and there is no man that f receiveth me
to houfe. 19 Yet there u is both ftraw and pro
vender for our afles ; and there is bread
and wine alfo for me, and for thy hand
maid, and for the young man which is
with thy fervants ; there is no want of
any thing.
20 And the old man faid, x Peace be
with thee : howfoever, let all thy wants
ycen^io^.&itr. fa upon me ; y only lodge not in the ftreet.
21 So he brought him into his houfe,
and gave provender unto the affes : and
'¥*££&£: they * wafhed their feet, and did eat and
.,.8.,T.i».5..o. ^.^^ 22 ^Now, as they were making their
hearts merry, behold, the men ofthe city,
lD,?u,6."&J2'.,,2i& certain a fons of Belial, befet bthe houfe
¦£27.&2„2s, roun(j aDout.? and beat at the door, and
k9.e&,i9o'.49.Hof'9' fpake to the mafter of the houfe, the old

Jolh. 18. 1. I Sam.
3. I.
1 Heb. ga'herctb.
Ver. 15.
11 Jam. 2. 15, 16.
I John 3. 17. Mat,
10. 10. 1 Cor. 3.
14. Sc 9. 14.

*Ch.6. 23. Gen. 43.
23. 1 Sam. 25. 6.
I Chr. 12. 18. Gal.
£.16.

c Cen. 4.1. Sc it). 5.
it.iitn. 1. 27. 1 Cor.
6. 9. Jude 7.

man, faying, Bring
came into thine houfe
c know him.

forth the man
that we

that
may

23 And the man, the mafter of the

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — How great is the fove-
reignty of God in honouring Beth-lehem, which lately furnifhed
an idolatrous prieft, and now an adulterous concubine, with the
birth of his diftinguifhed King, and of his Only Son! Worthlefs
clergymen and evil women are the greateft plagues to fociety :
and parents' indulgence of their children and infidelity to marriage
vows often iffue in wide-fpread ruin. Frequently the intended
kindnefs of friends is a real injury ; and what was defigned for our

Before Chrift
1425, or 14I5._
d 2 Sam. it. 11. Gen.

2 Sam. 13.
19. o-i.

e Cen, 34. 7. Deut.
21. 2T-. Jolh. 7. 15.
2 Sam. 13. 12, 13.
ch. 20. 6.
f Gen. 19. 8. Rom.'
3.8. "

I Heb. rtc matter of
this fill/, i, e. So
domy.

g Gen. 4 1. Jer. j. 7,
8. Hof. 7. 4 — 7. Sz
9. 9. Sc jo, 9.

h Gen. 18. 11. I Pit.
3.6.

houfe, went out unto them, and faid
unto them, d Nay, my brethren, nay, I
pray you, do notyo wickedly ; feeing that
this man is come into mine houfe, do not
this e folly.
24 Behold, f here is my daughter a
maiden, and his concubine ; them I will
bring out now, and humble ye them ; and
do with them what feemeth good unto
you : but unto this man do not fo " vile a
thing. 25 But the men would not hearken to
him : fo the man took his concubine, and
brought her forth unto them ; and s they
knew her, and abufed her all the night
until the morning : and when the day
began to fpring they let her' go.
26 Then came the woman in the dawn
ing of the day, and fell down at the door
of the man's houfe where her h lord was
till it was light.
27 And her lord rofe up in the morn
ing, and opened the doors of the houfe,
and went out to go his way ; and, behold,
the woman his concubine was fallen down
at the door of the houfe, and her hands
were upon the threfhold.
28 And he faid unto her, Up, and let
but none anfwered. Then i Ch-M-*
took her up upon an afs, and
the man rofe up, and gat him unto his
place. 29 % And, when he was come into his
houfe, he took a knife, and laid hold on
his concubine, and k divided her, together
with her bones, into twelve pieces, and
fent her into all the coafts of Ifrael.
30 And it was fo, that all that faw it
faid, There was no fuch deed done nor
feen from the day that the children of
Ifrael came up out of the land of Egypt
unto this day : 1 confider of it, take ad
vice, and fpeak your minds.

us be going:
the man

k 1 Sam. it. 7. Gal.
4. 18. Rom. 10. aw

1 Jolh. 9. 14. 1 Sam.
25. 13. ch. 20. 13.
Pf. 112. 5. Prov.
13.10. & 20. 18. &
II. 14. Sc 15. M.
& 24. 6.

welfare becomes a trap, to enfnare us. Where we might reafon-
ably expect diftinguifhed kindnefs we often meet with the moft
abominable neglect and moft ruinous abufe. Apoftates from God
are often void of humanity and natural affection ; while truly cha
ritable fojourners on earth are patterns of hofpitality and brotherly
kindnefs j look out for, and are happy in finding, opportunities of
doing good, particularly to minifters of Chrift. We are apt to
hope that our troubles are at an end- when the worft ftorm is but

Called by the Levites, the Ifraelites

CHAP. XX.

Before Chrift
I4*5>0rl4*5'

*Ver. 2,8, it.
iSam. 11. 7.
2 Sam. 19. 14.
Ezra 3. 1.

T

CHAP. XX.
Here we have ( 1 ) The Levite' s caufe heard in a ge
neral convention of the tribes of Ifrael; I — 7-
(2) An unanimous refolution to avenge his quarrel
upon the criminal inhabitants of Gibeah; 8 — 11.
(3) The Benjamites refufe to deliver up the crimi
nals to juftice, and take arms in their defence ; 1 2 —
17. (4) The Ifraelites, attempting to punifh their
brethren's wickednefs without firft repenting of their
own, are defeated inthe two firfl battles ; 18—25.
(5) Having at laft humbled themfelves before God,
they attack the Benjamites a third time, give them
a complete rout, and cut off the whole tribe, except fix
hundred men ; 26 — 48.
HEN a all the children of Ifrael went
out ; and the congregation was ga-
b,Sa,o'1&tilS2?& thered together as one man, b from Dan
I'Wn^inE4' even to Beer-fheba, with the land of
Gilead, c unto the Lord in Mizpeh.
2 And the chief of all the people, even
of all the tribes of Ifrael, prefented them-
'C'llam'io. i": felves in the affembly of the people of
SJ'itwasnwj' God, four hundred thoufand footmen that
d drew fword.
.3 (Now the children of Benjamin
* heard that the children of Ifrael were
gone up to Mizpeh.) Then faid the
children of Ifrael, Tell us, how was this
wickednefs ?
4 And * the Levite, the hufband of
the woman that was flain, anfwered and
faid, f I came into Gibeah that belongeth
to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to
lodge.
tch. i9. 22-28. 5 And s the men of Gibeah rofe
againft me, and befet the houfe round
about upon me by night, and thought to
have flain me : and my concubine have
tHeb.fcwniw. they r forced, that fhe is dead.
hch.19.26. 6 And hI took my concubine, and cut
her in pieces, and fent her throughout
all the country of the inheritance of
1 w! '-'j^w's. Ifrael : for they have committed * lewd-
2Sam. 13. 12,13. r j r 11 • t r 1
nets and fof ly in lfraef .
k Exod. i,. s, e. 7 Behold, k ye are all children of
Deut. 14. 1,2. ch. / . ' J m
19. 30. Ifrael ; give here your advice and counfel.

lie city north
moll, and Beer-
fheba the moft
fouth, the phrafe
from Dan to Beer-
Iheba denotes the
whole country.

Shiloh. Ver. 18,
z6.
d Ch. 8. 10. ver. 15,
16. 2 Sam. 24. 9.
2 Kin. 3. 26.
• Prov. 22. 3. Mat.
5.25.

* Heb. the man the
Levite.

f Ch. 19. 15—21.

gathering. To what horrible lengths in wickednefs will not
apoftate profeffbrs go ! and what barefaced impudence continu
ance in lewdnefs begets ! When finners are once given up to
their own hearts' luft, they eafily fink into the moft unnatural
crimes ; and, when they are become defperate in wickednefs, they
will neither bear reftraint nor hear admonition. When we com
mit one fin to avoid a greater, we ordinarily plunge ourfelves into

affemble to punifh the Gibeathites.
8 ^[ And all the people arofe as one i^or^fs.
man, faying, l We will not any of us go i Ecd. 9 «. nov.
to his tent, neither will we any of us turn "s-"*
into his houfe :
9 But now this jhall be the thing which
we will do to Gibeah ; we will go up m by

lot againft it ;

HI Jolh. 14. 2. I Chr.
xxiv — xxvi. Neh*
II. I. ch. 1. 1,2.

10 And we will take ten men of an
hundred throughout all the tribes of
Ifrael, and an hundred of a thoufand, and
a thoufand out of ten thoufand, to fetch
victual for the people, that they may do,
when they come to Gibeah of Benjamin,
according to all the folly that they have
wrought in Ifrael.
1 1 So all the men of Ifrael were ga
thered againft the city
as one man.

+ knit together *Heb-/«"™'-

12 % And the tribes of Ifrael » fent n ffi£,ftL

SA. 19.

5. Hof. 9. 9. Sc
jo. 9.

men through all the tribe of Benjamin, i%i.iz.d,'
faying, What wickednefs is this that is
done among you ?
13 Now therefore ° deliver us the men* °lSam-*°-»-
the p children of Belial, which are in Gi- p ^""sam-T
, , , , , 16. Scz. 12. 8c ia.
beah, that we may put them to death, *7c * lfif.s-
and put away evil from Ifrael. But the
children of Benjamin would not i hearken ^^v^™
to the voice of their brethren the chil
dren of Ifrael :
14 But the children of Benjamin ga
thered themfelves together out of the
cities unto Gibeah, to go out to battle
againft the children of Ifrael.
1 5 And the children of Benjamin were
numbered at that time out of the cities
r twenty and fix thoufand men that drew "1^1
fword, befide the inhabitants of Gibeah,
which were numbered feven hundred
chofen men.
16 Among all this people there were
feven hundred chofen men s left-handed; *|^ff&K
every one could fling ftones at an hair-
breadth, and not mifs.
1 7 And the men of Ifrael, befide Ben-

..35,47,48.
rer. 2. ch. %.

Ch. 3. 15. iChr.
12. 2.

further fnares : and God fearfully marks fin in its punifhment.
The flefhly luft, which had been this woman's fin, is now made
her punifhment. And in juftice never will he extenuate men's
wickednefs. With the moft deliberate concern, unanimity, and faith
fulnefs, ought the important affairs of churches and nations to be
tranfacted. And fuch as would obtain God's bleffing on a land muft
feek to purge it by the execution of juftice on notorious criminals.

Benjamites defeat the Ifraelites.

JUDGES.

Ifraelites repent ; and ufe Jlratagems.

u^f, 'o^ils. jamin, were numbered * four hundred
t Num. i. 46. & 26. thoufand men that drew fword ; all thefe
51. J Sam n. 8. 8c -
15-4-1 j-.2i.s- were men ot war.
1 8 ^[ And the children of Ifrael arofe,
'[f '&%'£& and went up to the u houfe of God, and
«. «. v„. as. x a^-e(j 0unfel 0f God, and faid, Which
1 Ver. 23, 27. Jofh. n i
Sum:^.';1,',.1' of us fhall go up firft to the battle againft
B.&jo?8^sam'. the children of Benjamin ? And the Lord
ych'i'.tcen^. laid, y Judah fhall go up firft.
8~,°' 1 9 And the children of Ifrael l rofe up
z Eccl. 9. 10. Gen. -f . , 1 • n
ifu'/^.y.'* m tne morning, and encamped againft
Gibeah. 20 And the men of Ifrael went out to
battle againft Benjamin ; and the men of
Ifrael put themfelves in array to fight
againft them at Gibeah.
2 1 And the children of Benjamin came
•^•5.*™ forth out of Gibeah, and a deftroyed down
to the ground of the Ifraelites that day
.twenty and two thoufand men.
22 % And the people, the men of Ifrael,
kver.ij.iy. b encouraged themfelves, and fet their
battle again in array in the place where
they put themfelves in array the firft day.
23 (And the children of Ifrael went up
'^^t.so'.^'and c wept before the Lord until even,
m. 18,26. an(j a^.ej counfei 0f the Lord, faying,
Shall I go up again to battle againfl the
children of Benjamin my brother? And
the Lord faid, Go up againft him.)
24 And the children of Ifrael came
near againft the children of Benjamin the
fecond day.
25 And Benjamin went forth againft
them out of Gibeah the fecond day, and
i3?V&S™3L d deftroyed down to the ground of the
lTSbptesforei'heir children of Ifrael again eighteen thoufand
indulgence of Un 11 1 /- 1 1 /- 1
^"lir'Sfin!' men '•> a" thefe drew the fword.
26 ^f Then all the children of Ifrael,
and all the people, went up, and came
' iS4m&y,. Ezhr'a unto the houfe of God, and e wept, and
tJilizJ.\"'8c fat there before the Lord, and fafted that
day until even, and offered burnt-offer
ings and peace-offerings before the Lord.
M^vr. m. vCT. 2 ^ f ^n[j tjie j.hjkjj-gjj 0f ifrael inqUi_
EJfonj^'7J:Xr'78' red of tne Lord, (for the £ ark of the
covenant of God was there in thofe
days..
h£™^-7-ng 28 .And h Phinehas, the fon of Eleazar,
s. join. 24: 33.' ' jjjg fon 0f Aaron, ftood before it in thofe

ful dependence on
their luperior
numbers.

Before Chrift
1425, or 141 1.

days,) faying, l Shall I yet again go out
to battle againft the children of Benjamin FptoV. }. s, 6 jer.
my brother, or fhall I ceafe ? And the v-^?^}**-
Lord faid, k Go up ; for to-morrow I will k ci,. .. 2. & 7. ,.
deliver them into, thine hand. lcS:L%\1*'
29 % And Ifrael fet l liers in wait round ' \"i£ <'%.*¦*•
about Gibeah.
30 And the children of Ifrael went up
againft the children of Benjamin on the
third day, and put themfelves in array
againft Gibeah as at other times.
3 1 And the children of Benjamin went
out againft the people, and m were drawn mJ°">-8-'4-'«-
away from the city; and they began *to '%%."£%£,'%
fmite of the people, and kill as at other "'*'
times, in the highways, of which one
goeth up to n the houfe of God and the n °l\'!\%'[\%^
other to ° Gibeah in the field, about ojoo,.is.24.ch.i,,
thirty men of Ifrael.
32 And the children of Benjamin faid,
They are fmitten down before us as at
the firft. But the children of Ifrael faid,
p Let us flee, and draw them from the «¦ J""1- *• «> '*•
city unto the highways.
22 And all the men of Ifrael ' rofe up ^^f^1'
out of their place, and put themfelves in
array at Baal- tamar : and the liers in wait
of Ifrael came forth out of their places,
even out of the meadows of Gibeah.
34 And there came againft Gibeah
rten thoufand chofen men out of all 'v«-*9-J°ft'-'-"
Ifrael; and the battle was fore : but they
5 knew not that evil was near them. '^eri^j'oblT:
35 And the Lord fmote Benjamin &J;Til?i£:
before Ifrael : and the children of Ifrael n-tl- s' 3" M
deftroyed of the Benjamites that day
' twenty and five thoufand and an hun- tv«.iS,44-4s.
dred men ; all thefe drew the fword.
36 So the children of Benjamin faw
that they were fmitten; for uthe men of nJ,<h-i,4-M'
Ifrael gave place to the Benjamites, be
caufe they trufted unto the liers in wait
which they had fet befide Gibeah.
2 J And the liers in wait hafted, and
rufhed upon Gibeah ; and the liers in wait
x drew themfelves along, and fmote all the * f^f'^1,^
city with the edge ofthe fword. 13.ch.4-6.
38 Now there was an appointed " fign pom*..
between the men of Ifrael §and the liers *«=b-'wi'i-
in wait, * that they fhould make a great 7j°fl>.n>»»>.<*

the Benjamites elmoji utterly defrayed. CHAP. XX. XXI. the Ifraelites refienf of their fury.

Before Chrift
1435, or 1415.
* Heb. elevation.
V Ver. 51. Jofh. 8.15.
f Heb. ufmitttkc
UHtndtd.

a Heb. thi while ten-
jumftion, Jofh. S.
19,20.

b Jofh. S. 10. Exod.
"5-91io.Prov.29.
6. Luke 17. 27, 20,
Rev. 18. i».
iThef.5. ^.aPet,
a. 12. Luke 21. 34,
Mat. 24. 44.
B Heb, ir.abi.\i them.

c Jofh. 8. 10-— 21.
Hof. 10. 9. Sc 9. 9.

4 Or from Mint*'
thachf Sec.
* Heb. tmfo «*jff
#£ J j n/t.

dN t that 1 Chr. 6.
77. but perhaps
that 1 Sam. 14. z.
rer.47.ch.j1, 13.

• Ver.'iJ. Thc other
1 100 were either
flain in the former
battles, or fled
their country.
fCh.21. ij.Pf. 103.
9, 10. If. 1.9. Jer.
14.7. Lam. 3. 32.
Hab. 3. 2.

* flame with fmoke rife up out of the
city. 39 And, ' when the men of Ifrael re
tired in the battle, Benjamin began "I" to
fmite and kill of the men of Ifrael about
thirty perfons : for they faid, Surely they
are fmitten down before us as in the firft
battle. 40 But, when the flame began to arife
up out of the city with a pillar of fmoke,
the Benjamites looked behind them, and,
behold, * the flame of the city afcended
up to heaven.
41 And, when the men of Ifrael
turned again, b the men of Benjamin were
amazed ; for they faw that evil " was
come upon them.
42 Therefore they turned their backs
before the men of Ifrael unto the way of
the wildernefs ; but the battle overtook
them ; and them which came out of the
cities they deftroyed in the midft of
them. 43 Thus they c enclofed the Benja
mites round about, and chafed them, and
trode them down § with eafe, * over
againfl Gibeah toward the fun-rifing.
44 And there fell of Benjamin eigh
teen thoufand men ; all thefe were men
of valour.
45 And they turned and fled toward
the wildernefs unto the rock of d Rim-
mon : and they gleaned of them in the
high-ways five thoufand men ; and pur
fued hard after them unto Gidom, and
flew two thoufand men of them.
46 So that all which fell that day of
Benjamin were e twenty and five thou
fand men that drew the fword ; all thefe
were men of valour.
47 f But fix hundred men turned and

Before Chrift
1415, or 141 5.

N

fled to the wildernefs unto the rock Rim-
mon, and abode in the rock Rimmon
four months.
48 And the men of Ifrael * turned 8Ssg£
again upon the children of Benjamin, and
fmote them with the edge of the fword,
as well the men of every city as the beaft
and all that + came to hand: alfo they fet +«<*•-'/¦«'•
on fire all the cities that + they came to. iH*-m"f"""'
CHAP. XXI.
Here (i) The Ifraelites bitterly bewail the ruin of
their Benjamite brethren; I — 4, 6, 15. (2) For
a reparation of that ruin, they provide wives for the
fix hundred who remained. * The virgins ofjabejh-
Gilead, whofe city they utterly defrayed for neglect
ing to attend their late general rendezvous at Miz-r
peh ; 5, 7 — 14. a The daughters of Shiloh, whom
they permit the Benjamites to apprehend at a public
dance; 16 — 25.
OW the men of Ifrael a had fworn »ch.2o.«.jer.4.t
in b Mizpeh, faying, There L fhall b £V°- '.j- ™-
not any of us give his daughter
Benjamin to wife.
2 And the people came to the d houfe
of God, and abode there till even before
God, and lifted up their voices, and wept
fore; 3 And faid, O Lord God of Ifrael,
e why is this come to pafs in Ifrael, that
there fhould be to-day one tribe lacking
in Ifrael ?
4 And it came to pafs on the morrow,
that the people frofe early, and built there f e^.ltm3^.*
an altar, and offered burnt-offerings and
peace-offerings. 5 And the children of Ifrael faid, Who
is there among all the tribes of Ifrael that
came not up with the congregation unto
the Lord ? For they g had made a great
oath concerning him that came not up to
the Lord to Mizpeh, faying, He fliall
furely be put to death.

unto c Exoi- u- ssl— 16.
Deut. 7. 2, 3.

d Ch. 20. 18, 23, 26.
Jolb. 18. I. ver.
12, is.

e Deut. 29. 24. Pf.
74- 1. If- 63- 17-
Jer. 22. 8. ver. 6,
IS.

SC II. IS- & 16. 2,
5. 2 Sam. 24. ill,
25. 1 Kin. 18. 30.
Exod. 20. 24.

g Ch. 20. 4, 8. vor.l,
18. Gal. 4. 18.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — It is comely when pro
feffors of the true religion are unanimous and hearty in their zeal
againft enormous crimes ; and when, with prudent deliberations
and proper difpatch, they proceed to the punifhment of them. But
infatuated are they who patronize and protect the vicious, efpe
cially when at the expenfe of their own liberties and lives. Proud
felf-dependance is the ruin of finners ; and fuch as draw the fword
in a bad caufe may expefl to fee it bathed in their own blood.
The difpenfations of providence appear very myfterious in thus
calling men to work, and yet frowning upon them in the exe
cution of it. But let us riot be fo inconfiderate as to judge of a

caufe from the profperity or adverfity which attends it. There *S
need to wait patiently for the iffue of things : and fuch as punifh
otheis fhould be innocent, or at leaft penitent, themfelves. Short
is the triumphing of the wicked, and fatal to them at laft. It is
vain to fight where God is our enemy, or to flee when he pur
fueth. What defolations fin makes in the earth ! But dreadful
indeed will be the cafe of finners at the laft day, when there fhall
be no rock to hide them, nor mountain to cover them. And who
knows what extenfive and everlafting woe may proceed from one
moment of indulged luft !

Jabejh-Gileadites flain; and the remaining J U D G E' S.
6 And the children of Ifrael h repented
them for Benjamin their brother, and faid,

i Ver. 1, 18. Ecel. 5.
2. 1 Sam. 25 22..
Pf.i5.4- Prov. 20.
25. ch. 11. 25-

k 1 Sam. II. 1, 3. Sc
31. 11.2 Snai.i. 5,
6. Sc 21. 12. ver.
10, 12.

Before Chrift
14Z5, or 1415
h Luke 19. 41, 42t
ve^U'-is8'29' There is one tribe cut off from Ifrael this
day :
7 How fhall we do for wives for them
that remain, feeing we have ' fworn by
the Lord that we will not give them of
our daughters to wives ?
8 % And they faid, What one is there
of the tribes of Ifrael that came not up to
Mizpeh to the Lord ? and, behold, there
came none to the camp from k Jabefh-
gilead to the affembly.
9 For the people were numbered, and,
behold, there were none of the inhabitants
of Jabefh-gilead there.
10 And the congregation fent thither
twelve thoufand men of the valianteft,
1 Lev. 27. 28, so. and commanded them, faying, l Go and
Deut. 13. 15. Jolh. # ' J O7
fmite the inhabitants of Jabefh-gilead
with the edge of the fword, with the
women and the children.
1 1 And this is the thing that ye fhall
do ; ra Ye fhall utterly deftroy every
male, and every woman that "hath lain
by man.
1 2 And they found among the inhabit
ants of Jabefh-gilead four hundred + young
virgins that had known no man by lying
with any male : and they brought them
unto the camp ° to Shiloh, which is in
the land of Canaan.
13 And the whole congregation fent
fome * to fpeak to the children of Benja
min that were in Pthe rock Rimmon, and
to 1 call peaceably unto them.
14 And Benjamin came again at that
time ; and they gave them wives which
they had faved alive of the women of
Jabefh-gilead ; and yet fo they r fufficed
them not.
1 5 And the people repented them for
Benjamin, becaufe that the Lord had
made a breach in the tribes of Ifrael.
1 6 % Then the elders of the congrega
tion faid, How fhall we do for wives for

7.24.

mKum. 31. 17.
Deut. 2. 34.
H Heb. knoweth the
tying with man.
Mat. I. 25. Luke
I-34-

f Heb. young women
virgins.

e Jofh. 18. 1. ch. 20.
, 18. 23, 26. & 18.
31. ver. 2. Pf. 78.
60. Jer. 7. 12.
I Sam. 1. 3,24. &
2. 14. Sc 3. 21. Sc
4- 3- Sc 14. 3
% Heb. and [pole and
called.
p Ch.20. 47. not that
I Chr. 6. 77.
q Or proclaim peace.
Pf.7tJ.38.Il. 12.1.

r Num. 11. 23. Jolh
17. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — Rafh oaths are ordinarily
enfnaring. True zeal may be carried too far. And there is often
an over-doing in well-doing. — War may be ill ended that was well
begun. Even neceffary juftice ought to be executed with deli-

Benjamites provided with wives.
them that remain, feeing the 'women are i4Bze5°ror i4?5.

t» The Benjamites
muft have their .
wholeinhemance; and .therefore all
of them need to
have wives.

s Ver, 1, 7. Bed. ;.
2. Pf. 15. 4. Prov.
20. 25.

place which is on the north fide of Bethel,
+¦ on the eaft fide + of the highway that *

deftroyed out of Benjamin ?
1 7 And they faid, § there mufi be an
inheritance for them that be efcaped of
Benjamin, that a tribe be not deftroyed
out of Ifrael.
1 8 Howbeit, we may not give them
wives of our daughters : for the children
of Ifrael s have fworn, faying, Curfed be
he that giveth a wife to Benjamin.
19 Then they faid, Behold, there is,a
1 feaft ofthe Lord in Shiloh * yearly in a 'mt&fo.kli
J  r - - 16. 26. & 29. 12.
Lev. xAiii.
way tnat '?£fi"»"««
goeth up from "Bethel to Shechem, and f^"rd- *>&
on the fouth of Lebonah
2oTherefore they commanded the chil
dren of Benjamin, faying, Go and lie in
wait in the vineyards ;
2 1 And fee ; and, behold, if the daugh
ters of Shiloh come out to * dance in
dances, then come ye out ofthe vineyards,
and catch you every man his wife of the
daughters of Shiloh, and go to the land of
Benjamin. 22 And it fhall be, when their fathers
or their brethren come unto us to com
plain, that we will fay unto them, y Be
favourable unto them for our fakes ; be
caufe we referved not to each man his
wife in the war: for ye did not z give
unto them at this time, that ye fhould
be guilty.
23 And the children of Benjamin did
fo, and took them wives according to their
number, of them that danced, whom they
caught : and they went and returned unto
their inheritance, and a repaired the cities, a Ch- *°- <*
and dwelt in them.
24 And the children of Ifrael departed
thence at that time, every man to his tribe
and to his family, and they went out from
thence every man to his inheritance.
b In thofe days there was

t Or en.
u See Gen. 12. 8. Sc
33.18.

x Exod. 15. 20. ch.
II. 34. 2 Sam. 6.
14. I Sam. 18. 6.
In this they but
eluded their oath;
and rapine and
fraud were added
to perjury-.

y Or gratify 1
them. Col.
Heb. 13. 1.

us m

zVer.l, 7, 18. Prov.
ac, 25.

25

no

king

in Ifrael : every man did that which was
c right in his own eyes.

tCh. 17 .6. Sc.tt.1.
Sc 19. 1. Pf. 12.4.
Hab. 1. 14.
c Deut. 12. 8. Prov.
x. c.Sc sa. 12. Jer.
10. 23. Luke 16.
J5-

beration and deep companion ; for ftrong paffions prepare work
for an after repentance. And one rafh ftep, or even rafh word,
fometimes draws after it the moft terrible confequences. In per
plexities and diftrefs, it is proper to have recourle to God, and the
6

The BOOK of * R U T H

Is another appendix to the hiftory ofthe Judges; calculated to reprefent the marvellous providence of God, the propriety of conftant
dependance thereon ; and to fhew the happy ifue of patience, humility, and indufiry. It was probably penned by Samuel, anil-.
relates to events which happened about the time of Ehud or Barak, Judg. iii. or iv. ; particularly the afifliclions of Naomi
and Ruth, chap. i. J their induftry and humility, ii.; their alliance with Boaz, iii.; and happy fettlement by mean
thereof; iv.

Before Chrift
1320.

a Abeut 1320, In the
time of Ehud.
w^ Judg. iii.
^^ieb. judged.
b Gen. 12. jo. & 43.
10. Judg. 6. 4, 0.
2 Kin. 8. 1. Pf. 33.
18, 19. & 107. 34.
withDeut. 28.23,
24.
c Pf 120. 5. ver. 4.

4 Gen. 35. 19. Mic.
c.2.Judg.l7.7,8.
Sc 19. 1, 2, 18.
I Sam. 17. 12.
I Chr. 4. 4.

CHAP. I.
Here we have Naomi, ( i ) As a diftreffed houfekeeper,
forced by a famine from Beth-lehem-judah into the
land of Moab with her family; i, 2. (2) As a
diftreffed widow, bewailing the death of Elimelech
her hufband, and of Mahlon and Chilion her fons ;
3 — 5. (3) As a diftreffed. mother-in-law, return
ing to her own country; parting, in forrow, with
Orpah, one of her daughters-in-law ; and reluc
tantly taking Ruth, the other, along with her, in fear
and perplexity; 6 — 18. (4) As a. poor deftitute
woman, remitted by providence to her former abode,
a fpetlacle of wretchednefs, to live on the bounty of
her friends ; 1 9—2 2 .
NOW it came to pafs, ain the days
when the judges * ruled, that
there b was a famine in the land.
And a certain man of Beth-lehem-judah
went to c fojourn in the country of Moab,
he, and his wife, and his two fons.
2 And the name of the man was Eli
melech, and the name of his wife Naomi,
and the name of his two fons Mahlon and
Chilion, d Ephrathites of Beth-lehem-
judah. And they came into the country

t Heb- «""• of Moab, and f continued there.

tPC34. 19. If. 27. 8,
-9. 2Kin. 4. 1.

^Deut.7. 3. 8:23.3.
. Neh. tj. 1. I-fcin.
11. 1,2.

g Ver. 14.
h Mat. 1. 5. ch. ii—

i Lev. 26. 16. Deut.
32. 35, 36. Pf. 14-
19. Jer. 2. 19. Pf.
89. 30 — 32.

3 And e Elimelech, Naomi's hufband,
died ; and fhe was left, and her two
fons. 4 And they f took them wives of the
women of Moab ; the name of the one
was s Orpah, and the name of the other
h Ruth : and they dwelled there about ten
years. 5 And ' Mahlon and Chilion died alfo

both of them ; and the woman was left
of her two fons and her hufband.
6 % Then k fhe arofe with her daugh
ters-in-law, that fhe might return from
the country of Moab : for fhe had heard
in the country of Moab how that the
Lord had l vifited his people ra in giving
them bread.
7 Wherefore fhe n went forth out of
the place where fhe was, and" her two
daughters-in-law with her: and they
went on the way to return unto the land
ofjudah. *
8 And Naomi faid unto her two daugh
ters-in-law, Go, u return each to her
mother's houfe : p the Lord deal kindly
v/ithyou, as ye have dealt with the dead
and with me.
9 The Lord grant you that ye imay
find reft, each of you in the houfe of her
hufband. Then r fhe kiffed them : and
they lifted up their voice, and wept.
10 And they faid unto her, Surely we
will ' return with thee unto thy people.
1 1 And Naomi faid, Turn again, my
daughters : why will ye go with me ? are
there yet any more fons in my womb,
that they c may be your hufbands ?
12 Turn again, my daughters, go your
way ; for I am " too old to have an huf
band. If I fhould fay, I have hope, + if
I fhould have an hufband alio to-night,
and fhould alfo bear fons ;

Before Chrift
About 1310.

kHof.2.6— 14. &y.
IS. PI. 73. 27, 2».
Hof. 14. I— 1. Pf.
68. 5.

1 Gen. si. 1. Exod.
3. 16. I Sam. 2.21.
Luke 1. 68. Pf.
103. 8, g.
m Mat. 6. II. Prov.'
30.8. I Tim. 6- 8.
n Exod. 18. 27. ver.
10,14. Prov. 17. 17.

0 Ch. 2. II. Phil. 4* .
p 2Tini. 1. 17, s%.
Eph. 5.22. Col. j.

q Ch. 3.1. Eph.5. St;

rGen. 29. 11. &31.
28, 55. ver, 14.

sPf.16. 3.8s 119. 61.

t Deut. 25. 5. Gen.
38.11.

u 1 Tim. ;. 9. Gen.
17.17. Sc 18.11,12.
X Or if Ivsereviith eia
husband.

atoning Hood of his Son. He can extricate us in a decent and
honourable manner. But, amidft violent fits of repentance, men
are often readier to fupport their own authority than to confult
God, and to extirpate brethren rather than Canaanites. Dancing,
even' without mixture of fexes, often renders perfons an eafy prey.
Vol. I.

And who knows how often the ambufcades of evil fpirits tranfport
fouls from the dancing-floor into everlafting deftruction! How
great the confufion of an unfettled government ! It is a great mercy
for a land to have proper rulers in church or ftate.
E ec

Naomi returns to Beth-lehem poor.

RUTH.

Ruth her daughter-in-law gleans*

Before Chrift
about 1 310.
II Heb. hope.
$ Heb. I have much
bittttrnejs.
x Job 19. 21. Pf. 39.
9»

y Ver. 9. Gen. 31.
28. 1 K n. 19. 20.
aTim. 4. JO. Phil.
3. 19. Heb. 10. 38.
z Prov. 17. 17. Heb.
10. 39. Mat. 16.
24. & 10.37. & 19.
27, 29. iKin. 19.
ao.
ajofh.24. T5.2Kin.
2. 2. Luke 24. 28.
# Or be rwtagainft roe.
* Afts 21. 13. Mat.
16.23,24. iTbef.
1. 6, 9. 2 Cor. 6.
14— 18.

ord is gone

c 1 Sam. 3.17. & 25.
22. 2 Sam. 3.9i35-
1 Kin. 2.23. & 19.
2. & 20.10 Gal. 2.
20. Afts 11, 23.

f Heb.firtngthened her elf.
& Afla 21. 14. Mat.
4. «•

* Ver. 1,2. Gen. 35.
19. Judg. 12. 8. &
17. 7—9. r Sam.
16. 1,4. 2 Chr. 11.
6. Mic. 5. 2. Mat.
2. 1, 16. John 7. 42.
f Lam. 2. 15. Job z.

$ That is, pleafant.
I) That is, £i«er.
gHeb. 12, 11. Lam.
3. 1—20. Pf. 73.
3 J & 88. 1—18,
Jol) xix. xxx.

1 2 Would ye H tarry for them till they
were grown? would ye ftay for them
from having hufbands ? Nay, my daugh
ters ; for § it grieveth me m«;h for your
fakes x that the hand of the Eoi
out againft me.
14 And they lifted up their voice, and
wept again : and Orpah ? kiffed her mo
ther-in-law, but Ruth z clave unto her.
15 And fhe laid, Behold, thy fifter-
in-law is gone back unto her people, and
unto her gods : s return thou after thy
fifter-in-law. 1 6 And Ruth faid, * b Entreat me not
to leave thee, or to return from following
after thee : for whither thou goeft I will
go ; and where thou lodgeft I will lodge :
thy people fhall be my people, and thy
God my God :
1 7 Where thou diefl will I die, and
there will I be buried : c the Lord do fo
to me, and more alfo, if ought but death
part thee and me.
1 8 When fhe faw that fhe + was fted-
faftly minded to go with her, d then fhe
left fpeaking unto her.
1 9 % So they two went until they came
to e Beth-lehem. And it came to pafs,
when they were come to Beth-lehem,
that all the city was moved about them,
and they faid, f Is this Naomi ?
20 And fhe faid unto them, Call me
not + Naomi ; call me ft Marah : for the
Almighty hath £ dealt very bitterly with
me.

Befoie Chrift
about 1 3 10.

21 I went out full, and the Lord hath
brought me home again empty : why then
call ye me Naomi, feeing the Lord hath
h teftified againft me, and the Almighty -*%££•£&
hath afflicf ed me r 3&J£iJ: J'
22 So Naomi returned, and Ruth the
Moabitefs her daughter-in-law with her,
which returned out of the country of,
Moab : and ' they came to Beth-lehem in ''^G^i^fiT
the beginning of barley harveft. ?§£. w.^.
CHAP. II.
Here we are informed ( i ) Of Ruth's humility, in
duftry, regard to Naomi her mother-in-law,. and de-
pendance on, and direclion by, the providence of
God; 2, 3. (2) Of Boaz's wealth ; his pious
courtefy to his reapers ; his particular care about
Ruth, and her humble and refpeSlful carriage to
wards him; 1,4 — 16. (3) Of Ruth' s return home
with her gleanings to Naomi, and report of what had
befallen her; 17—23.
AND Naomi had a a kinfman of her ^.V.'i'cft.T:.
hufband's, a mighty man of wealth, "^if^'-eld,'.
of the family of Elimelech ; and his name
was Boaz.
2 And Ruth the Moabitefs faid unto
Naomi, Let me now go to the field, and
b glean ears of corn after him,
fight I fhall find grace. And fhe faid
unto her, Go, my daughter.
3 And fhe went, and came, and gleaned1
in the field after the reapers : and her
? hap was to light on a part of the field c ^fst^lfft
belonging unto Boaz, who was of the
kindred of Elimelech.
4 ^[ And, behold, Boaz came from
Beth-lehem, and faid unto the reapers,

7-4-

in whofe VZn- '5^9' re- &
19, 20. .Eph. 4. 28.

23. 27. Efth. 6. 1,
2. 2 Kin. 8. 5, 6,
29. Prov. 16. o.,

Reflections upon Chap. I. — Numerous and diverfified are
the arrows in God's quiver for the punifhment of men's fins :
and often, while his enemies riot in plenty, his people are pinched
with fcarcity and want. A diligent care to provide for our family
is highly commendable : but it is feldom fafe to flee from God's
land, though he frown on it ; or to fuffer fcarcity of bread to draw
us from the ordinances of God. It is not in fleeing from God's
mighty hand, but in humbling ourfelves under it, that fafety lies.
It is not in outrunning croffes, but in taking them up, and follow
ing Chrift, that true comfort is to be had. Young people often
miftake in their marriage, through want or neglect of their parents'
advice. But marriages and deaths are near neighbours ; and one
death in a family is but the forerunner and warning of another.
Both comforts and croffes are often nearer us than we fufpecT: :
Jind, if we are fhut up into the fociety of the wicked, we fhould
efcape for our life, as - foon as our hinderances are removed. It is
a mercy when God imbitters our condition of diftance from him
felf, that we may be weaned from it, and haftened to our heavenly

home : but yet it is pleafant to fee near relations knit together
in love, and loath to part. With the moft ftrong and fixed refolu-
tion fhould we fet out in the Lord's way, as we know not what
repeated and ftrong temptations we may have to turn back : but
the difficulties of the way which difcourage the temporary be
liever will but bind the faithful foul the more clofely to Jefus Chrift.
Nothing,, no not death, can feparate them from him and his people..
Poverty and age make great alterations on mankind : and it is
proper that all around fhould remark it with folemn awe and cor
dial fympathy : for furely it is but madnefs to fet our heart on that
comelinefs and wealth which fo quickly fade. Let us therefore
keep waiting on God in the way of his judgments ; in patience
poffeffing our fouls ; eyeing the Lord's hand in all that we meet
with ; humbling ourfelves under humbling providences ; mourn
ing, but never murmuring, under his hand; and ever remarking
how the minuteft circumftances of our lives are directed by the
overruling providence of God.

Boaz's kindnefs to, Ruth.

C'HA P, II.

Ruth and Naomi's mutual affeclion.

Befo«chrm i j'^q Lord be with you. And they
4jud2.612Pf.129. anfwered him, The Lord blefs thee.
J I. II8' *6' Co!' 5 Then faid Boaz unto his fervant that
Was fet over the reapers, Whofe damfel
is this ?
.Gen. 24. 2. & 39-4- 6 And the fervant that was e fet over
f ^lacciM,. the reapers anfwered and faid, It is f the
Moabitifh damfel that came back with
Naomi out of the country of Moab :
'sTii'l&'.ls, 7 ^n^ ^e -^d' s I Pray you, let me
6. jam. 4. 6, 7, 10. giean ancj gather after the reapers among
*^E«i*9-'*-8' tne meaves- So fhe came, and hath h con-
Rom.12. H. ai. tinued even from the morning until now,
that fhe tarried a little in the houfe.
8 Then faid Boaz unto Ruth, Heareft
i2K.™'.5s:5'J.,H<b. thou not, ''my daughter? kGo not to
z.^1'* it. glean in another field, neither 2:0 from
k Phil. 4. 8. 1 John O # ' O
htl&iZil9' 9' hence, but abide here faft by my maidens :
9 Let thine eyes be on the field that
they do reap, and go thou after them :
have I not charged the young men that
n.bj»™.pr. 105. they fhall x not touch thee? and when
mGen.26.T8. Mat. thou art athirft m go unto the veffels, and
10. 42. John 4. 7, . O »
ir Gen. 24.18- drink of that which the young men have
drawn.
"gg: 10 Then * fhe fell on her face, and
»*• ' 9' bowed herfelf to the ground, and faid
unto him, Why have I found grace in
thine eyes, that thou fhouldeft take know
ledge of me, feeing I am a ftranger?
1 1 And Boaz anfwered and faid unto
*%v$t «.t: her, ° It hath fully been fhewed me all
that thou haft done unto thy mother-
in-law fince the death of thine hufband ;
and how thou hafl left thy father and
thy mother, and the land of thy nativity,
and art come unto a people which thou
kneweft not heretofore.
12 The Lord precompenfe thy work,
and a full reward be given thee of the
*&&t&6,94& Lord God of Ifrael, under whofe * wings
57. ..Mat. 23. 37. thou art come to truft.
13 Then fhe faid, + Let me r find fa

.•JlHeb.6. 10. 2 John
8. 2 Tim. 1. 18.
St 4. 8. ITim. 4. 8.

f Or-lfnd fervour.

'fn&?;7'& vour *n *ky %kt, my lord, for that thou
"•'¦ haft comforted me, and for that thou haft
¦x-Rcn. to th, heart, fpoken * friendly unto thine handmaid,
though I be 5 not like unto one of thine
handmaidens'.

» 1 Sam. 2;. 41.
Prov. 15. 3J.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — How infinite is the conde-

Bcforc Chrifl
1 IO.

ti T. Sain. 17.17. &2e.
2 Sam. 17. 2B.

|| Heb. Jtiame ! ermf.
ylf. 32. 8.Pf. 111. 9.
Prov. 11. 25, 26.
&14. 21,31. Scsg.
7. & 22. 9. Sc 28.
z-j.Sc 31.2a. Deut.

a Ahou t thi-eenecks.
Exod. 16. 30.

b That meat. Ver.
14. John 6. 12, li.
iTim. 5. 4.

1 4 And Boaz faid unto her, ( At meal
time come thou hither, and eat of the tprov. n.^-f-u^
bread, and dip thy morfel in the vinegar. j»- »•
And fhe faWbefide the reapers: and he
reached her" parched corn, and fhe x did "•*
eat, and was fufficed, and left. xTs"i^T
1 5 And, when fhe, was rifen up to
glean, Boaz commanded his young men,
faying, Let her glean even among the
fheaves, and " reproach her not :
16 And ^let fall alfo fome ofthe hand-
fuls of purpofe for her, and leave them that
fhe may glean them, and rebuke her not. 25S;&9J,!iofi9?'
17 So fhe z gleaned in the field until zP™'-,?T-W.
/ to 2Thel. 3. 10.
even, and beat out that fhe had gleaned :
and it Was about an a ephah of barley.
18 ^[ And fhe took it up, and went
into the city : and her mother-in-law faw
what fhe had gleaned : and fhe brought
forth, and gave to her b that fhe had
referved after fhe was fufficed.
19 And her mother-in-law faid unto
her, Where haft thou gleaned to-day ?
and where wroughteft thou ? bleffed be
he that did take knowledge of thee. And
fhe fhewed her mother-in-law with whom
fhe had wrought, and faid, The man's
name with whom I wrought to-day is
Boaz. 20 And Naomi c faid unto her daugh- tlj'ffi
ter-in-law, Blefled be he of the Lord, 17-^9-™"!
who hath not left off his kindnefs to § the * SS 5T.hiS^B*
living and to the dead. And Naomi faid
unto her, The man is near of kin unto
.1 r . i • r d Or one thai hath
us, " one of our next kinfmen. ngu to „*,,„.
21 And Ruth the Moabitefs faid, eHe *s- i-4 job ?3."
faid unto me alfo, Thou fhalt keep faft « ver. «, a.
by my young men until they have ended
all my harveft.
22 And Naomi faid unto Ruth her
daughter-in-law, It is { good, my daugh

fTit. 2. 4. Pi .iv. 27.
10. Sc 12. 6. 8c 3.
2r— -24. Gen. 34.1.

ter, that thou go out with his maidens, ji°"6'-'»-john'.'s:
that they + meet thee not in any other tor /<»„,.„.;,„,,
field. 23 So fhe b kept faft by the maidens s\TtJllfT
of Boaz to glean unto the end of barley 3I"&,+ '-
harveft and of wheat harveft ; and dwelt
with her mother-in-law.

Let me then never be prcud; for I know not to what ftraits I

, ^^^- ^^- . , ¦ ¦ f  Tf !_¦ -H 1 1 . , prcuoj ror 1 Know not to what itraits 1
fcsnfioft of God in taking notice, of a poor Moabitifh gleaner! I may be reduced in life : and never let me be afhamed of honeft
E e e 2

Naomi's project of Ruth's marriage

RUT H.

with Boazis fuccefsfully executed.

Befojre Chrift
J3IO.

* Cn.'i. 9. J Cor. 7.
36. Jer. 49. 11.

* Prov. 18. 24. ch.
z. 20, 23. Deut.
25. 5, 6. Job 19.
35. Heb. 2. 11,14.

e 1 Sam. 14. z. Pf.
104. 15. Mar. 6.
17. ITim. 2. 9.
Song 1. 7, 8.

ti Or lift up the clothes
thct are on his feet.
Judg. 3. 24. Rom.
13. 14.

eEph.6.i.Exod.2c 12.Prov.15. 33. &
18, 11. Luke 14.
J I.

fiCof.io.ji. Gen.
43. 34. Judg. 16.
15. & 19. 6, 9.
, j 1 Thef. 5. zz. Tit.
1. 15. I Cor. 6. 18.

CHAP. III.
Naomi had juft informed Ruth that Boaz was her near
kinfman. Here ( I ) She gives her diretlions, fome
what odd to us, how to claim him for her hufband;
I — 5. (2) Ruth, all obedient to her mother-in-law,
confident of the untainted virtue of Boaz, and efpe
cially of the watchful providence of God, punctually
ebferves thefe directions; 6,7. (2) Boaz treats Ruth
with great kindnefs and refpeirl, and promifes her
marriage, if the nearer kinfman to whom fhe belonged
declined it; 8 — 13. (4) Ruth, being difmified with
a prefent, reports to Naomi what flie had met with,
and is by her encouraged to expert afpeedy and happy
iffue of the affair ; 14 — 1 8.
THEN Naomi her mother-in-law faid
unto her, a My daughter, fhall I not
feek reft for thee, that it may be well
with thee ?
2 And bnow is not Boaz of our kin
dred, with whofe maidens thou waft ?
Behold, he winnoweth barley to-night
in the threfhing-floor.
3 c Wafh thyfelf therefore, and anoint
thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and
get thee down to the floor : but make not
thyfelf known unto the man until he fhall
have done eating and drinking.
4 And it fhall be, when he lieth down,
that thou fhalt mark the place where he
fhall lie, d and thou fhalt go in, and un
cover his feet, and lay thee down ; and
he will tell thee what thou fhalt do.
5 And fhe faid unto her, e All that thou
fayeft unto me I will do.
6 ^f And fhe went down unto the floor,
and did according to all that her mother-
in-law bade her.
7 And when Boaz had eaten and drunk,
and f his heart was merry, he went to lie
down at the end of the heap of corn : and
fhe s came foftly, and uncovered his feet,
and laid her down.
8 5T And it came to pafs at midnight

that the man was afraid, and + turned
himfelf; and, behold, a woman lay at his
feet. 9 And he faid, Who art thou? And
fhe anfwered, I am Ruth h thine hand
maid : ' fpread therefore thy fkirt over
thine handmaid, for thou art a near
k kinfman. 10 And he faid, l Bleffed be thou of
the Lord, my daughter : for thou haft
fhewed ra more kindnefs in the latter end
than at the beginning, inafmuch as thou
followedft not young men, whether poor
or rich.
11 And now, my daughter, fear not;
I will do to thee all that thou requireft ;
for all the H city of my people doth know
that thou art n a virtuous woman.
12 And now it is true that I am thy
near kinfman : howbeit, ° there is a kinf
man nearer than I.
13 Tarry this night; and it fhall be
p in the morning, that, q if he will perform
unto thee the part of a kinfman, well;
let him do the kinfman's part : but, if he
will not do the part of a kinfman to thee,
then will I do the part of a kinfman to
thee, as the Lord liveth : lie down until
the morning.
1 4 % And fhe lay at his feet until the
morning : and fhe rofe up before one could
know another. And he faid, r Let it not
be known that a woman came into the
floor. 1 5 Alfo he faid, Bring the § vail that
thou haft upon thee, and hold it. And,
when fhe held it, 5 he meafured fix mea-
fures of barley, and laid it on her : and
fhe went into the city.
1 6 And when fhe came to her mother-
in-law fhe faid, Who art thou, my daugh -

Before Chrift
1 3IO.
t Or took hold on.

h Ch. 1. 10, ij.
I Sam. 25. 4it
Luke 14. 11.
Prov. 15. 33. Si
18. II.
i Gen. 20. 16. Ezekr
j6. 8. i. e. marry
me.
k Or one that hath
right tv redeem.
Ch. 2. 20.
I iCor. 13.4,5. db-
2. 4, 20.
m Ch. 1. 8. j Tim. s,
II. Tit. Z. A, 5, 12,

II Heb. gate.
n Prov. 12. 4. & 31.

0 I Thef. 4. 6. Mat.
7. 12. Deut. 25. 5,
6.

p Pf. 119.60. Eccl.
9. 10.
q Ch. 2. 20. Mat. 7.
12. Jolh. 24. i«.
Phil 4. 8.

r Eccl. 7. 1. Provv
22. 1. Rom. 12.17*
2 Cor. 8. 2j.
1 Thef. 5. 22.
J Cor. 10. 32.
J Pet. 2. 12.
$ Or fbeet, or afrm.

s If. 32. 8. 1 John j,
18. Gal. 6. io.
aCar.9.j6,7.

induftry. If the Lord debafe me, it is my honour to concur with
his providence, and to be content with the leaft and coarfeft
crumbs from his hand. In caring for my poor or aged friends,
Jet me with diligence depend on his kindnefs, and thank him for
every circumftance thereof. Whether I am mafter or fervant,
let a favour of Chrift and religion always attend me ; and the law
of kindnefs be in both heart and mouth. If I am a ftranger, let
me be always humble, mannerly, and thankful. If I am not, let
me fhew kindnefs to ftrangers, efpecially to thofe who are fuch
from a love to Chrift. Who knows how they may blefs, or even
reward, me ? For the pooreft^ by their earneft prayers, may return

the richeft rewards to the moft wealthy. The more highly others
think of me, let me think the more humbly of myfelf: and let me
always regard my benefactors, and with the utmoft care make
choice of my companions. A modeft, humble, and refpeflful be
haviour, accompanied with a tender regard to parents in age and
paverty, is commendable even in the meaneft. And, when we ga
out in the way of duty, depending on God, who knows with what
rich bleflings we may return loaded ? Happy is that family where
parents and children mutually vie in deep concern for one another's
real welfare. And comfortably may even the pooreft live together
if they have but godlinefs with contentment, which is great gain.

Boaz, having got clear

CHAP. IV.

ef the kinfman, marries Ruth.

Berorechrii, ter j Antj fhe told her all that the man
 had done to her.
17 And flie faid, thefe fix meafures of
barley gave he me ; for he faid to me, Go
not empty unto thy mother-in-law.
* rt.fc£3.A* 1 8 Then faid A^' ' Sit fti11' mY daugh-
j«n. s- 7. ter^ unt^ tnou ^now how the matter will
fall : for the man will not be in reft until
he have finiflied the thing this day.
CHAP. IV.
Here (1) Boaz quickly and honourably gets clear of his
rival the kinfman that was nearer than he; 1 — 8.
(2) His marriage with Ruth is publicity folemnized,
and attended with the good wifhes of his neighbours ;
g— 12. (3) The happy iffue from the marriage is
attended with the congratulations of neighbours to
Naomi; 12 — 17. (4) The genealogy of Boaz and
his fon is carried down from Pharez, the fon of
Judah, to king David; 18 — 22.
a 5e&226'i'8.&Ii' T^HEN went Boaz up a to the gate,
,9> JL and fat him down there : and, be
hold, the kinfman of whom Boaz fpake
came by ; unto whom he faid, Ho, fuch
a one ! turn afide, fit down here. And
he turned afide, and fat down.
2 And he took c ten men of the elders
of the city, and faid, Sit ye down here.
t Prov. 20. s. job 29. And they d fat down.
• pr. 112. s. Prov. 3 And he e faid unto the kinfman,
¦4- ¦ ]\Taom^ that is come again out of the
country of Moab, felleth a parcel of land,
which was our brother Elimelech's :
'"etJlftine^a". 4 And * I thought to advertife thee,
fjer.32.7,8. Rom. faying, fBuy it before the inhabitants,
acor-8.21.ptov.' and before the elders of my people. If
thou wilt redeem it, redeem it ; but, if
thou wilt not redeem it, then tell me, that
I may know : for there is none to redeem
it befide thee ; and I am after thee. And
jLcv.2j.2j. he faid, I will * redeem it.
5 Then faid Boaz, What day thou
buyeft the field of the hand of Naomi,

b Prov. 16. 9. ch. 2. ^
3. Efth. 6. 1—5.

e Exod. 1 8. im Kin,
21.8.

h thou muft buy it alfo of Ruth the *%\™a
Moabitefs, the wife of the dead, to raife + am. 38 .«. Deut.
up the name of the dead upon his inhe
ritance. 6 ^[ And the kinfman faid, I cannot
redeem // for myfelf, ! left I mar mine ' 'zJ!zi.k%lrZi
own inheritance : redeem thou my right 1^ p^'yoX"

widow.

to thyfelf, for I cannot redeem //.
7 kNow this was the manner in former k Deut- 2s- ?> 9-
time in Ifrael concerning redeeming and
concerning changing, for to confirm all
things; a man + plucked off his fhoe, and tranrfSitntprJ.
gave // to his neighbour : and this was a
teftimony in Ifrael.
8 Therefore the kinfman faid unto
Boaz, 1 Buy it for thee. So he drew off ' c7,\3' n' Je" I*
his fhoe,
9 ^[ And Boaz faid unto the elders,
and unto all the people, Ye are m witnefles m^ltscA
this day that I have bought all that was Jerii,0-n-
Elimelech's, and all that was Chilion's
and Mahlon's, of the hand of Naomi. /
10 Moreover, "Ruth the Moabitefs, B*°.n,£1Q,.%°en'-
the wife of Mahlon, have I purchafed to
be my wife, to raife up the name of the
dead upon his inheritance, that ° the ° ^I'iZilT
name of the dead be not cut off from
among his brethren, and from the gate of
his place : ye are witneffes this day.
.1 1 And all the people that were in the
gate, and the elders, faid, We are wit
nefles. p The Lord make the woman ^^^f^
that is come into thine houfe like q Ra- *' T- !_5^
q Gen. xlvi. with
chel and like Leah, which two did build Num- j- "•**»•
the houfe of Ifrael : and + do thou worthily t°tfolle'r.""'h"'
in Ephratah, and I' be. famous in Beth- nHeb.?rKwMthy
iehem *
12 And let thy houfe be like rthe houfe 'gJfka'S:
of Pharez, s whom Tamar bare unto " ""
* s Gen. 30. 29. i Chr».
Judah, ofthe feed which the Lord fhall »•*»**¦»• 3-
give thee of this young woman.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — It is often fafeft for young
widows to marry. And it is the duty of parents to promote the
fettlement of their children in a comfortable marriage : for it is no
fmall mercy when the married ftate fixes the affecfions at a reft,
in which it is well with the parties. Drefs and cleanlinefs are
commendable, fo far as they are calculated to engage proper affec
tions. But in courtfhip and marriage there ought always to be a
ftrict attention to the commands of God. It is not enough that
we do no evil ; — we muft indulge ourfelves in no appearance of it.
But what an advantage is it when we have to do with fuch as have
the deepeft regard to our chaftity and honour ; who are difpofed

to think no evil, but to interpret our innocent familiarities in the
beft fenfe ;. and who, in matters of importance, will certainly be
faithful and diligent! Yea, hopeful is the match which is made
up in dependance on God and regard to the authority of parents.
But we cannot be too ready to ftart at temptations, which fteal
foftl'y upon us ; nor too careful to remove every occafion from
the envenomed tongue of flander. What is liable to be mifinter-
preted had beft never be known. And, when we circumipecTfy
proceed in the way of our duty, we may comfort our minds in the
hope of God's falvation in due time

Boaz* s fon named Obed, and his genealogy RUTH.

carried down to king David.

-Rcta'is Chiift
1310.
rch. 3. II. Pf. 15.4.
1309.
u Gen. 30I 2. Sc 33.
c.Sczc. 21. 1 Sam.
1. 27. & 2.5,6 Pf.
1I3.9.&I27.I,3.
x Rom. 12. 15. Luke
I. 48, 58.

5'Pf. 23. 3. 1 Sam. 1.
8, 11.
zGen. 45. H.&47.
12. 1 Kin. 18. 4.
Pf. 55. 22.
a j Sam. I. 8. Prov.
17. 17. & lS. 24-

b Gen. 24. 59. & 35.
S.

13 % So Boaz ' took Ruth, and fhe
was his wife : and when he went in unto
her u the Lord gave her conception, and
fhe bare a fon.
14 And the x women faid unto Naomi,
Blefled be the Lord who hath not left
thee this day without a kinfman, that his
name may be famous in Ifrael.
1 5 And he fhall be unto thee a ? reftorer
of thy life, and %a nourifher of thine old
age : for thy daughter-in-law, who loveth
thee, who a is better to thee than feven
fons, hath born him.
16 And Naomi took the child, and laid
it in her bofom, and became b nurfe
unto it.

17 And the women her neighbours
c gave it a name, faying, There is a fon
born to Naomi ; and they called his name
d Obed : he is the father of Jeffe, the
father of David.
18 f Now thefe are the. generations of
Pharez : c Pharez begat Hezron,
19 And Hezron begat Ram, and Ram
begat Amminadab,
20 And Amminadab begat Nahfhon-,
and Nahfhon begat f Salmon,
21 And Salmon begat Boaz, and Boaz
begat Obed,
22 And s Obed begat Jeffe, and Jeffe
begat David.

Before Chrift
cLuke 1. 58, 59.-
Rom. 12. 11, 12,
d Serviceable. Ver,
15, 21, 22. Rom.
12. 11. 1 Chr. 2.
12.15. Mat. 1. 5,6.
Luke I. 31, 32,
1706.
e 1 Chr. 2. 4— if.
Mat. 1. 3?-6.
Luke 3. 3,-35.
Num. 1. 7. Gen.
49. 10. I544-
f Or Salmah. I Chr.
2- u.5l)54. 1480. 1410.1309. 1298.
g 1 Sam. 16. 1. Pf.
75- 6- & H3-7-
1086.

Reflections upon Chap. IV — It is pleafant indeed to be
hold a man diligent in bufinefs, and the providence of God fuc-
ceeding his endeavours ; — to fee in marriage the principal regard
paid to the hoiinefs and virtue of the partner, not to beauty or
wealth ; — to fee perfons of honeft intentions Hiking the moft Ariel:
-and public cognizance ; — to fee the profeffed followers of Chrift
ufing the moft fair and open dealing in all their agreements ; — to
fee affectionate lovers depending wholly on God to make them
comfortable to one another; — to fee humility, virtue, prudence,
and honefty, iffuing in remarkable honour and happinefs ; — to fee
God railing up the poor, and caufing them to fit with princes ;
and making up the lofs of thofe relations, from wnom *bey expected
much comfort, in the enjoyment of thofe from whom they expected
nothing; — to fee neighbours rejoicing in one another's welfare; —
and to fee the providences of God, in every circumftance, leading
and directing us to Jefus, David's Lord, — But, in fine, in Boaz
the Beth-lehemite I difcern Jefus our Kinfman Redeemer, who ,

remembered us in our low eftate: — pitying our poor and miferable
condition, and moved, not indeed by any refpectful behaviour in
us, but his own infinite companion, he hath allowed us finners of
the Gentiles to glean in the field of his oracles and ordinances.
For our encouragement, he hath appointed handfuls of precious
promifes, and offers of grace and falvation, for our ufe. At infi
nite expenfe, and with infinite care and equity, he hath efpoufed our
race, and raifed up a feed of fervants to God. Let us, confeious of
our poverty, and affected with his kindnefs, return him the moft
humble and thankful acknowledgments. — Let us glean for our
fouls only in his field. — Let us abide by hismaidens,- the faithful
minifters of his word. — Let us approach his throne of grace in the
full affurance of faith, pleading that he, as our neareft Kinfman,
would fpread his robes of righteoufnefs, and garments of falvation,
over our naked fouls. And let us commit our way to him : h6
will bring it to pafs, and perfect that which concerns us.

The Firft BOOK of SAMUEL.

This book and the following are denominated from the prophet Samuel, perhaps, becaufe he wrote the firft tzventy-four chapters
of this ; at leaf, from his being the fubjecl. of much of it : and whatever relates to David, the fubjecl of the other, is but
the iffue of his untTwn to the kingdom by Samuel. This book contains the hiftory of at leaft eighty years; and exhibits an
account ( i ) Of Eli's negligence, and the wickednefs of his fons ; with the terrible calamities occafioned by thefe to the
Ifraelites, and even to the Philiflines, who took captive the ark ; ii. — vi. (2) Of Samuel's birth ; education; call to be a
prophet; deliverance and government of Ifrael; refignatihn of his government ; and death ; i. ii. iii. vii. — xii. xiii. xv.
xvi. xix. xxv. (.3) Ofthe Ifraelites' refolute demand of a king; andthe infialment, profperity, mal-adminijlration, and
unhappy end, of Saul; viii. — xxvi. xxviii. xxxi. (4) Of the unBion of David to be king; his diverting of Saul when
melancholy with his mufic ; his conquefi ^ of Goliath ; friendfhip with Jonathan ; perfecution by Saul ; marriage zvith Michal
the daughter of Saul, and with Abigail the widow of Nabal; his retreat into the land of the Philifiines ; difcharge front
their army; and his Jlaughter of the Amalekites who had burned Zikla<r; xvi. — xxvii. xxix. xxx.

Samuel's parentage.

CHAP. I.

Before Chrift
TJ35,orIi55.

CHAP. I.

Relates to the parents of Samuel; chiefly to Hannah his
mother. Here is ( i ) Her ajflitlion through want of
children; and this aggravated by the infolent re
proaches of Peninnah, Elkanah's other wife; but in
fome meafure mitigated by his kindnefs ; I — 8.
(2) Her fervent prayer and vow to God under her
trouble; in which Eli, the high prieft, at firft cen-
fured, but afterwards encouraged her; 9 — 18.
(3) Her bearing and nurfing of Samuel; 19 — 23.
(4) Her prefenting him to the Lord as one peculiarly
devoted to his fervice ; 24 — 28.

a Jofti. I7."i5, 18.
Judg.17.1. &19.1.
b I Chr. 6. 47— 34.
Judg. 12. 5.

CCen. 4. 23. Sc ztj.
J3.2.

N

OW there was a certain man of
Ramathaim-zophim , of a mount
Ephraim, and his name was b El-
kanah, the fon of Jeroham, the fon of
Elihu, the fon of Tohu, the fon of Zuph,
an Ephrathite :
2 And he had c two wives ; the name
of the one was Hannah, and the name of
the other Peninnah : and Peninnah had
children, but Hannah had no children.
3 And this man went up out of his city
' d yearly to worfhip and to facrifice unto
the Lord of hofts e in Shiloh. And the
1 two fons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas,
''V&t the priefts of the Lord, were there.

Hannah his mother's vow.
the Lord, and

Before Chrift
1 1 31, or 1 1 51.

q Gen. 28. 20. Num.
21. 2. Sc 30. 8.

Judg. 11
5.4,

36. Eccl,

9 Heb. feed ef men.

r Num. 6. 5. Judg,
13. 5. & 16. 17.

*Heb. from year tt
year.
¦LExod. 23. 14, 17. &
34. 23. Deut. 16.

21. 2, 4, 12.
i'w-VV-fe jef: a f]~ And, when the time was that
7. 12, 14. ver. 24. 11 . >¦•"..»».
fch.2.i2_,7,34. Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his
ver.9.c .4.4,11, w^£e^ an[l to aJJ ner £Qns ^^ 1^ (J^gl^,
RDcut.i2.i2.&i6. ters, £ portions :
II. Lev. 3. 4, 5. & ' r tt 1 1 T. 1
7. is- & 9. 22. ^ 13ut unto Hannah he gave h a worthy
k 00,43.34. ch. 9. _,;_. j foj. he loyed Hannah. but the

13,24.

t Or from the timt
that Jhe, Sec.
4- Heb. from her going LORD

5.
portion ; ' for he loved Hannah ;
izt&t.,i.&lo. Lord had fhut up her womb.
k lIv ,s ,s job 1 ^ ¦^nc' ^er k adverfary alfo provoked
11.&2.9.&6.J4: her fore, for to make her fret, becaufe the
Lord had fhut up her womb.
|Ver.3,2..ch.2.,g. y A.nd flP I fog ^d fo jq^j- Dy yeai",
** when fhe went up to the houfe ofthe
fo fhe provoked her; therefore
fhe wept, and did not eat.
8 Then faid Elkanah her hufband to
r/°!wohh£h,1; her, Hannah, m why weepeft thou ? and
why eateft thou not ? and why is thy
heart grieved ? am not I n better to thee
than ten fons ?
9 51 So Hannah rofe up after they had
eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk.
(Now Eli the prieft fat upon a feat by a
PJ&lS'*8'&c.o',f poll of a the. temple ofthe Lord.)
1 o And fhe was ^ p in bitternefs of
9 .

foul, and prayed unto
wept fore.
1 1 And fhe ' vowed a vow, and faid,
O Lord of hofts, if thou wilt indeed
look on the affliction of thine handmaid,
and remember me, and not forget thine
handmaid, but wilt give unto thine hand
maid § a man child, then I will give him
unto the Lord all the days of his life,
and r there fhall no razor, come upon his
head. 12 ^T And it came to pafs, as fhe
* s continued praying before the Lord,
that Eli marked her mouth.
13 Now Hannah, fhe c fpake in her
heart ; only her lips moved, but her voice
was not heard : therefore Eli
fhe had been drunken.
1 4 And Eli faid unto her, x How
wilt thou be drunken ? put away thy wine
from thee.
15 And Hannah anfwered and faid,
y No, my lord, I am a woman + of a for-
rowful fpirit: I have drunk neither wine ***•»**&*¦
nor ftrong drink, but I have z poured out *£*•£¦ **,42,fc
my foul before the Lord,:
16 Count not thine handmaid "for

thought

» Heb. muliif'.'ui tt
fray.
sjam. 5. 16. Eph. 6.
18. Col. 4. 2. Luke
18. 1.
t Neh. 2. 4. Rom. S.
26. Exod. 14. 15.
u Afts it. 3. with
I Cor. 13. 7.

1/-\nrr x Mat. 7. 1, 3. Num.
JUg 30. 6,7. jolh M,

y Prov. 15. 1. & SJ.
J5-

for b out of the abun-

a Deut. 13. 13. ch..
2. 12. 8c so.zi.SC
25.26.
b Pf. 102. title, JoS
6. 2, 3. Sc 10. 1.
X Or meditation.

c Exod. 4. 18. Judg.
18. 6.ch. 25. 35.
& 29. 7. 2 Kin. 5.
19.

11 Ruth 4. 15. Prov,
17. 17. Sc 18. 24.

• i.e. the tabernacle.
Ch. 3. 3, 15. 8c 22.
7.withExod.xxvi.
xl. 2 Sam. 7. 2.
I] Heb. bitter of foul.

£9.
If. 3«- J, 3,
Lam. 3. 15,

daughter of Belial;
dance of my + complaint and grief have
I fpoken hitherto.
1 7 Then Eli anfwered and faid, c Go
in peace : and the God of Ifrael grant
thee thy petition that thou hafl afked of
him. 18 And fhe faid, dLet thine, handmaid. *%*$&£
find grace in thy fight. So the woman
went her way, and did eat, and her e coun
tenance was no more fad.
ia % And they rofe up in the morning
f early, and worfhipped before the Lord,
and returned, and came to their houfe
to Ramah. And Elkanah knew Hannah
his wife ; and the Lord s remembered
her. 20 Wherefore it came to pafs,, "when
the time was come about after Hannah
had conceived, that flie bare a fon, and
called his name § Samuel, faying, Becaufe
I have afked him of the Lord.
2 1 And ^ the man Elkanah, and all his

e Eccl. 9. 7. Rom.r;.
13. Pf. 119. 81. &
27.13,14.

fPf. 5.3.-Sfit9.747.
Prov. 8. 17. Gen.
24. lis.

; Gen. 8.1. & 21.

H Heb. in revolution
of days.

$ That is, .AW «/
God.
1130, or'1150.
b Exed. 23. 14—17.
Sc 34.23. Lev. 11.
2, 3. Deut. ii. !&,

Samuel is born, weaned, and

I. SAMUEL.

Before Chrift
T130, or 1 1 50.

lExod. aj. 17. & 34,
23. Deut. 16. 16.

houfe, went up to offer unto the Lord
the yearly facrifice, and his vow.
22 l But Hannah went not up ; for fhe
faid unto her hufband, / will not go up
until the child be weaned, and then I will
bring him, that he may appear before- the
klel":ffti"' Lord, and there k abide for ever.
'fSVihV^' 23 And Elkanah her hufband faid unto
her, Do what feemeth thee good ; tarry
until thou hafl weaned him ; only the
! 2sam.7.2s.ir.44. LORD 1 eftablifh his word. So the woman
m Gen. 21. 7- pt. 22. abode and m gave her fon fuck until fhe
j. judg. 13. 4,14. a
weaned him.
24 ^F And, when fhe had weaned him,
Bis.ki6iNumDT5!' ^e B to°k ^irn UP with her, with three
IxS.^Ts'.'S5' bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a
bottle- of wine ; and brought him unto
11*701-1147. the houfe of the Lord in. Shiloh: and
the child was young.
25 And they flew a bullock, and brought
the child to Eli.
*?s'S.gi%" 26 And fhe faid, O my lord, ° as thy
6.&4-30.' ' foul liveth, my lord, I am the woman that.
ftood by thee here praying unto the Lord.
**":'d:4ri.iTt' 27 p For this child I prayed ; and the
Lord hath given me my petition which
I afked of him:
*ZYomwihaleT 2% Therefore alfo I have * lent him to
¦u"L lord.""' the Lord ; as long as he liveth he fliall be
^:!siiIj.i;CT' lent to the Lord. And he * worfhipped
the Lord there. CHAP. II.
Exhibits f{i) Hannah's high fong of praife at the pre-
fentathn of Samuel her child to God; in which fhe

Reflections upon Chap. I. — A divided family is moft un
happy : and they bring upon themfelves redoubled trouble and
vexation who dare tranfgrefs God's inftitution of marriage in or
der to obtain redoubled pleafures. Rarely do we behave aright
under either remarkable profperity or remarkable adverfity : under
the former the heart fwells with pride ; under the latter it finks
and rends with difcontent and murmuring. The fretfulnefs of our
temper often lays us open to continual uneafinefs : and the un-
thankfulnefs of our heart doubles our affliction by overlooking our
mercies. But finful and hurtful is that grief which diverts us
from our duty to God, and imbitters the comfort which we have
in him. Our moft deferved croffes are abundantly mixed with
undeferved mercies ; and religion and reafon will afford us a cure.
Diftrefs ought' to make us double our diligence in attending on the
, ordinances of God. Fervent prayers and folemn vows are often
means of relief to broken fpirits : yea, it is peculiarly becoming,
under fore trials, and amidft general apoftafy and profanenefs, to
be punctual and earneft attenders on the ordinances of God. But
bafe and devilifh muft that fpirit be which can take pleafure to vex
the diftreffed in mind, even when they are attending upon God's

folemnly devoted. Hannah* s fong.
celebrates the hoiinefs, power, wifdom, and equity, of 1 f^0™,?^' *
God, and the changes made by his providence on per- ¦
fons, families, and nations; I — io. (2) The growth
and early religious improvement of Samuel her fon ;
11, 18, 21, 26: and the care his mother took to
clothe him; 19. (3) The great wickednefs of Ell
the high prieft's fons, in defiling the women who af-
fembled for worfhip in the courts of the tabernacle,
and in taking by force what part of the Lord's offer
ings they pleafed; 12 — 17,22. (4) The over-mild
reproof which their father gave them for their con-
duel; 23 — 25. (5) God's dreadful meffage to Eli
by a prophet, charging home their guilt, and denounc
ing the deftruilion of the whole family, and the tran-
flation of the priefthood to another, on account Sf it;
•27— 3&-
AND Hannah a prayed, and faid, My aK^
heart rejoiceth in the Lord ; b mine b^'^-I?:*,&
horn is exalted in the Lord ; my c mouth 's-2&89"-
1 1 • 1 r t = Exod. 15. 2. judg.
is enlarged over mine enemies; becaufe 1 fe^S.™71,8,
d rejoice in thy falvation. •jir.i*iz)j.Lutei.
2 e 'there is none holy as the Lord ;

47. pr. us. 14.
e Exod. 15. 11. Pf.

for there is none befide thee; neither^ I9:£'8.ir864o8',7.

XOd. 15.
3.2S.&

Jofll. 24. 19. Deut.
.. & 32 "
31,39. 1 Cor. 10. 4.

5.24.

32. 4. 30,

there any rock like our God.
2 f Talk no more fo exceeding proudly ; fMat-3.9,10. j„de
let ,not arrogancy come out of your & 8.13. Life i«.
mouth: for the Lord is ga God of gpr.,47.s.jer.„.
knowledge, and by him actions are Tit\V9'm
weighed. 4 The h bows of the mighty men are *&£i£&'fc$.
broken, and they that ftumbled are girded tlL^l'™:^
with ftrength.
5 they ''that were full have hired out iJf,kj^h&&t
themfelves for bread ; and they that were «> 4 *s-
hungry ceafed : fo that the k barren hath "Si,^ S&S
born feven; and 1 fhe that hath many,^',
children is waxed feeble.

folemn worfhip. It is more becoming to balance others' abufe with
our tender affection, and do all that we can to comfort thofe who •.
are caft down. For peculiarly afflicting is it to perplexed fouls
to have the godly, and even minifters, mifinterpreting their wreft-
lings with God as hypocrify and wickednefs. Yet, however dif-
trefling, injurious reproach fhould always be anfwered with the
the greateft candour and meeknefe. And men, convinced of their
miftake, fhould turn their finful cenfures into fervent prayers for
the perfons injured. Devotions towards God ought to be pre
ferred to every convenience of our own. Early and earneft devo
tions are the beft prefages of happy days and fuccefsful undertak
ings : and nothing but works of neceffity and mercy ought to
detain us from the folemn worfhip ef God. With the moft diftin
guifhed expreffions of gratitude ought we to commemorate the
mercies which we have received in anfwer to our prayers. Chil
dren ought to be carefully trained up, not merely With an eye to
the law of nature, as they are ours, but chiefly with an eye to the
covenant of grace, as they are given to God. And with great
care and expedition ought we to perform our vows, particularly in
the folemn furrender of our children to God.

the wickednefs of "Elf s fons.

CHAP. II,

God -j- judgment 's denounced.

Before Chrift
1127, or I [J'

6 m The Lord killeth', and maketh
Deut., 2. !9. job alive: n he bringeth down to the grave,
;. IS. Hjif. L 1. j , . . ° °
and bringeth up. maketh poor, and

Rev. 1. 18.

7 The Lord

poor.

a Ch. 20. 3. Jf. 26.
19. Pf. 18. 5. &
Ico'loIS.'" maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lift -
»Jobl.2I.&42. I!. pj-U lln
PI. 102.10. & 10-. ClU Up.
,in;:*;!.5;ct 8 P He raifeth up the wor out of the
iiteifsi! ikS. duft, and lifteth up the beggar from the
'jS'-Lam'."'^ dunghill, to fet /Zww among; princes,
ff. xxii. xxi.xviii. O * OF7
«"• and to make them inherit the throne of
'£.«?#¦«!*£ glory : for the 1 pillars of the earth are
2.&75.3.Gai.,fhe Lord's, and he hath fet the world
upon them.
*'££•&¦*£& 9 He r will keep the feet of his faints,
« pr. 1 ,7. job s. an^ tne wicked fliall be s filent in dark-
t $&)%}• nefs ; for r by ftrength fhall no man
Zeph. 1. 15. Mat. *i
12. 12. pf. 9. ,7. prevail.
tP3f;.3Ecd:9.rT"chr: 1 o u The adverfaries of the Lord fhall
%***?&£%, be broken to pieces; out of heaven fhall
«ch'7.,o;&i2.i8. ne thunder upon them: the Lord * fhall
2^21. i4, ,s. judge theendg 0f tne earth ; and he fhall
' v^Til!'.K2.S8™: y giye ftrength Unto his king, and exalt

45-22.Z7'19"' the horn of his Anointed.
r I£urI!',S:f Pf. 2I An<^ Elkanah went to Ramah to
feL'ir37' his houfe. And the child did z minifter
zver,i8.ch.,.28. unto the Lord before Eli the prieft.
aDeut.13.13.judg. 12 ^[ Now a the fons of Eli were fons
E'^jLs'§'"' °f Belial; they knew not the Lord.
2c£:2/,Kit. 13 And the prieft's cuftom with the
j.'j«.^?H»f.4' people was, that, when any man offered
Rom.'..a28i3o'. facrifice, the prieft's fervant came, while
the Wefh was in feething, with a flefh-
hook of three teeth in his hand ;
' 14 And he ftruck it into the pan, or
k h^I?:^. kettle, or caldron, or pot ; b all that the
flefh-hook brought up the prieft took for
himfelf. So they did in Shiloh unto all
the Ifraelites that came thither.
15 Alfo before c they burnt the fat
the prieft's fervant came, and faid to the
man that facrificed, Give flefh to roaft for
the prieft; for he will not "have fc-dden
flefh of thee, but raw.
16 And if any man faid unto him,
''"4,J" Let them not fail to burn the fat * pre-
fently, and then take as much as thy ioul
•delireth ; then he would anfwer him, Nay,
but thou fhalt give it me now : and if not
I will take it by force.
17 Wherefore the fin af the
Vol. I.

Lev. 7. 31. '

cLev. 3, 3,4. with
11. 56. 11. PhiL 3.
»9-

young

men was dvery great before the Lord: for zlff,\?filf.
men abhorred the offering ofthe Lord. d.Gcn.l0. .o.&,sJ.
, _ _, _ , • • o 1 1 r 13. Mai. 2. 8. Hof.
1 8 5[ But Samuel e miniftered before 4- ••
the Lord, being; a child, girded with a c IZi^.t'cLl:
. . ' O O 18. 2 Sain. 6. 14.
linen ephod.
1 9 Moreover, his mother made him a
little coat, and brought // to him f from f^:V4!i,,/g'jJ:
year to year when flie came up with her 2J-De,,t-l6-,<?-
hufband to offer the yearly facrifice.
20 f And Eli * blefled Elkanah and his %G£^^f
wife, and faid, The Lord give thee feed
of this woman for the t loan which is f%f:Si'XtL *
lent to the Lord. And they went unto
their own home.
21 And the Lord h vifited Hannah, fo * ?s?20r *• ch' '•
that fhe conceived and "' bare three fons i^u!-.2°;ver-s-
and two daughters. And the child Samuel
kgrew before the Lord. Luke ,'. &,; &'£
22 ^[ Now Eli l was very old, and heard , Ch. „",.
all that his fons m did unto all Ifrael; and mve^5-,,,t«.,.
how they lay with the women that n Heb. afembted t\y
« trmfs. Exod. 38. Is.

15. 10. Aa«

plf. 3.9. Jer. 3. ;. fc
Hof .4. 6. Sc

" affembled at the door of the tabernacle
of the congregation.
23 And he faid unto them, ° Why do °%f
ye fuch things? for " I hear of your evil « <>/-•¦«-• «,,•[,»,•/«
dealings p by all this people
24 Nay, my fons ; for it is q no good *•'••
report that I hear: ye make the Lord's ¦ q 1^2: '• t- tw-
people § to tranfgrefs. *<*<.«¦,>.«.
25 If r one man fin againft another, r°7°.uL1i!;.1_5"fc
the judge fliall judge him : but, s if a man « Num. 15.30. ch.s-
J .£> JO ' 14. Oen. 13. 13.
(in againft the Lord, who fliall entreat for
him? Notwithftanding, they ' hearkened rtfsfA.'(f%\
O7 J I John 2. ii, 19,
not unto the voice of their father, becaufe <°h"«-39.4°-
the Lord would flay them.
26 And the child Samuel "grewon/fasi^'v';
and was in favour both with the Lord
and alfo with men.
-r 1 1 r /-T i X Ch. 9. 6. -ilet. 1.
2 7 *j] And there came x a man of God "¦ ' ' im- 6- "•
unto Eli, and faid unto him, Thus faith
the Lord, y Did I plainly appear unto 'EBt<>7*5:-
the houfe of thy father when they were IIo6>orIIi6- '
in Egvpt in Pharaoh's houfe?
28 'And * did I choofe him out of all '
the tribes of Ifrael to be my prieft, to offer
upon mine altar, to burn incenfe, to
wear an ephod before -me ? and a did 1
give unto the houfe of thy father all the
offerings made by fire -of the children of
Ifrael •? Fff

Num. 17, 5, i;.
a Sam, iz.

ft Lev. 2. 3, 10. Sc 6.
16. & 7.-,^ 1*
24. Den'.. 13. J, ,

Ruin of Eli' s family foretold.

I. SAMUEL.

Samuel called to be a prophet.

Before Chrift
lio6? or 1 126.
bDeut. 32. 15. ver,
jt— 17. Mal. j.
J3n IJ.
ejofh. 18. 1. Judg.
si. 1.
d Lev. 19. 15. Mat.
10. 37. Luke 14.
a6.

e Exod. 28. 43. Sciq.
* j. t. Ithamar.
fzChr.'ts. 4.
gPf.9T. i4*Johni2,
2& Num. 11. £0*

Mal. a. 9.

fa Job 22. 9. Pf. 37.
17. ch.4-ii.& 2.2,
1-8, &c. 1 Kin. 2.
36,27.

Or ffep affliilicn *f
the tabernaik, for
al! the wealthtiibick
GcdvJould have gi
ven Ifrael. Ch. 4.
jl.Pf. 78. 59-^64.
. a, Kin. z. 20, 27.

% Heb. weft
k iKin. 13. J.ch. J.
12. & 4. n,iX7.
Num. 14. 37. Pf.

1 Ezek. 44.15. iChr.
, 29,22. 1 Kin. l. 8,
45. &-2. 27, 35.
Heb. 7- 24— a«.

Si Ch, 15-. 2S. Exod.
j. 21. 1 Kin. 2. 24.
Num.25.Tj.E7.ek.44. 15. 1 Chr. 6. 8
— 15. Neh. 12. 10,
2K

a Ezek, 44. to— 12,
1 Kin. a. 27.

29 Wherefore b kick ye at my facrifice
and at mine offering which I have com
manded "in my habitation, and dhonoureft
thy fons above me, to make yourfelves
fat with the chiefeft of all the offerings
of Ifrael my people ?
30 Wherefore the Lord God of Ifrael
faith, e I faid indeed that thy houfe and
the houfe of thy * father fhould walk
before me for ever: but now the Lord
faith, f Be it far from me; for gthem that
honour me I will honour, and they that
defpife me fhall be lightly efteemed.
2 1 Behold, the days come that I h will
cut off thine arm, and the arm of thy
father's houfe, that there fhall not be an
old man in thine houfe.
32 And thou, fhalt fee ' an enemy in
my habitation, in all the wealth which
God fhall give Ifrael : and there fhall not
be an old man in thine houfe for ever.
22 And the man of thine, wfiom I fhall
not cut off from mine altar, fhall be to
confume thine eyes, and to grieve thine
heart : and all the increafe of thine houfe
fhall die + in the flower of their age.
34 And this fhall be k a fign unto thee,
that fhall come upon thy two fons, on
Hophni and Phinehas ; in one day they
fhall die both of them.
25 And 1 1 will raife me up a faithful
prieft, that fhall do according to that
which is in mine heart and in my mind :
and I will m build him a fure houfe ; and
he fhall walk before mine Anointed for
ever. 36 And it fhall come to pafs, that every
one that n is left in thine houfe fhall

Before Chrift
II&6, or 1 126.

come and crouch to him for a piece of
filver and a morfel of bread, and fhall ~
fay, -» Put me, I pray thee, into § one of '**/*; ,
1 . rt , rr- r 1 -r • * Ot fomewhat almt
the prieft s offices, that I may eat a piece *b#>4i»*-
of bread. CHAP. III.
"Already we have had young Samuel iminiftering before
the Lord as a dedicated priefl ; here he is conflituted
a prophet. ( i ) In a time of great ignorance and
calamity, God manifefs himfelf to Samuel in an ex
traordinary manner, by a fourfold call; i — io.
(2) By him God fends an awful meffage of deftruc-
tive ruin to Eli and his family ; ii — 14. (3) With
reluclance Samuel relates the meffage to Eh, who

fubmits to the righteoufnefs of God therein; 15— 18.
(4) Samuel is publicly eftablifhed a ^
19 — 21.

-¦ prophet in Ifrael;

AND- the child Samuel aminiftered
unto the Lord before Eli. And
b the word of the Lord was precious in
thofe days ; there was no c open vifion.
2 And it came to pafs at that time,
when Eli was laid down in his ,place, and
d his eyes began to wax dim, that he
could not fee ;
¦ 3 And c ere the lamp of God went out
in the temple of the Lord, where the ark
of God was, and Samuel was laid. down
to feep ;
4 That the Lord f called Samuel; and
he anfwered, Here am I. '
5 And he ran unto Eli, and faid, Here
am I ; for thou calledft me. And he faid,
I called not ; lie down again. And he
went and lay down.
6 And the Lord called yet again, Sa
muel. And Samuel arofe and went to
Eli, and faid, Hefecwzl; for thou didft
call me. And he anfwered, I called not,.
my fon ; lie down again-

About 1 106,
or 1 12a.
a Ch. 2. 11, 18. ver.-
15. Served as a
prieft in the lower
employments.
b Pit 74. 9. Mic. j. 7.
Amos 8.. 11, 12.Il.
13. 12.
c Heb. hrolen. Jud?.
7.15.
dGcn. 27.1. Sc\Z. 8,
10. ch. a. 15.

cExod. 2tT. 20,21. &
50. 7,' 8. Lev. 24.
2, 3. 2 Chr. 13.11.

fPf.99.6. lCot-lS*.
28. Gal. 1. 15,
Heb. 5. 4.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — We owe to God the moft
exalted praifes upon receipt of his favours. Yea, pleafant and va
luable mercies fhould always lead to an affe&ing contemplation of
the excellencies which are in God himfelf. The fecret of the
Lord is with them that fear him ; and he often fhews them things
to come. Nothing is returned with fuch certainty and intereft as
that which is lent to the Lord : and early activity in God's fervice
is an hopeful prefage'of an eminently ufeful life. But dreadful and
threatening is the appearance when thofe who fill the higheft
offices in church or ftate become abfolute monfters in, impiety,
luft, and rapacity : it is criminal to adminifter to fuch only a foft
rebuke : and their contempt of reproof is an awful prelude of near
and certain deftruftion. God permits fuch contemners to proceed
ia their wickednefs till they have ripened themfelves for ruin,

Parents' indulgence of their children in fin may .occafion fearful
diftreffes to their family and nation. And the moft tremendous
judgments appear marked out for thofe who difregard even the
mildeft reproofs of their parents. The more remarkable the fa
vours which have been abufed, the more tremendous the judgments
which may be expected. : and fharers in fin fhall fhare in corre
fpondent puniftiment. But God's work and caufe will never fall
to the ground for want of hands to carry it on. Though minifters*
wickednefs may deftroy themfelves, it cannot deftroy the miniftryf
The church is founded on a Rock, which the gates of hell cannot
prevail againft. Jefus, the faithful prieft on his throne, is her prin
cipal governor ; who can turn out her wicked officers, and fill
their room with fuch as will be faithful unto death.

Samuel prediBs the ruin

CHAP. IIL IV.

of Eli1 s family.

Before Chrift
j "100, or 1120.
.OrTfiuJitid.touKl before he knew the
LORD, and before
the -word of the
tORJ) was reveal
ed unto him. Acts
jg. z. • -
h Job 33. 14, IS-

Afls 0.6. I
Pf. 85. 8. 1

i Afls 9. 6. IC6. S
".. ver. 19

t Amos 3. 6, 7. If.
45-7-
1 2 Kin. 21. 12. Jer,
19. 3. Pf. 119. 120

»i Ch. 2. 27—36.
Zech. 1. 6. Luke
21. 33, 35.
$ Heb. be°innir.£ and
ending.

I Or And I will tell
him, Sa.
jlCh.2.27— 36.Gen.
19. 13. 2 Chr. 20.
j2.Zech..l.6.Joel 3. 12.
$ Or accurfed.
* Heb. frowned not
upon them.
« Ch. 2. 22—25.
I Kin. I. 6. Prov.
ig. 15.
jCh.2.25.Num.T5. 30. Jer. 15. 1.&7.
16. Ezek. 24. 13.
If. 22. 14. Heb. 10.
26—31.

t$ee ch. 1. 9. Jofh.
IS. I.
t Dan. 4. 19, Jer. I.
6 — 8.

7 s Now Samuel did not. yet know the
Lord, neither was the word of the Lord
yet revealed unto him.
8 And the Lord h called Samuel again
the third time. And he arofe and went
to Eli, and faid, Here am I ; for thou didft
call me. And Eli perceived that the Lord
had Called the child.
9 Therefore Eli faid unto Samuel, Go,
lie down : and it fhall be, if he call
thee, that thou fhalt fay, l Speak, Lord,
for thy fervant heareth. So Samuel went
and lay down in his place.
10 And the Lord came, and ftood and
called as at other times, Samuel, Samuel.
Then Samuel anfwered, Speak, for thy
fervant heareth.
1 1 % And- the Lord faid to Samuel,
Behold, k I will do a thing in Ifrael, ' at
which both the ears of every one that
heareth it fhall tingle.
1 2 In that day ra I will perform againft
Eli all things which I have fpoken con
cerning his houfe : + when I begin I will
alfo make an end.
13 II "For I have told him that I will
judge his houfe for ever for the iniquity
which he knoweth ; becaufe his fons made
themfelves § vile, and he * ° reftrained
them not.
1 4 And therefore I have fworn unto the
houfe of Eli p that the iniquity of Eli's
houfe fhall not be purged with facrifice
nor offering for ever.
1 5 <f[ And Samuel lay until the morn
ing, and opened the doors of 1 the houfe
of the Lord. And Samuel 'feared to
fhew Eli the vifion.
1 6 Then Eli called Samuel, and faid,

.Before .Cimft
uoo, 0.-1120.

s Ruth 1. 17. 1 Kin.
22.16. Mat. 26. 6j.
t Heb. . 1 add.
t Or word.

lJ111Ig.10.T5. 2 Sara.
16. 10. Pf. 39. 9.
Job 1. 21. II.39.8.
Pf. 119. 75.
uGcn. 39.2,21. ell.
18. 14. Afts 7. 9,
10. Dan. 6. 21, 22.
If. 43. 2. Rom. S.
31. Heb. 13. 5, 6,
x 1 Kin. 8. 56. If. 44.

Samuel my fon. And he anfwered, Here
am I.
1 7 And he faid, What is the thing that
the LORD hath faid unto thee ? I pray
thee hide it not. from me : 5 God do fo to
thee, and + more alfo, if thou hide' any
* thing from me of all the things that
he faid unto thee.
18 And Samuel. told him every whit,
and hid nothing from him. And he faia,
' It is the Lord ; let him do what feem-
eth him good.
1 9 f And Samuel grew, and u the Lord
was with him, and * did let none of his
words fall to the ground.
20 And all Ifrael, y from Dan even to
Beer-fheba, knew that Samuel was H efta
blifhed to be a prophet of the Lord.
2 1 And the Lord z appeared again in
Shiloh: for the Lord revealed himfelf
to Samuel in Shiloh by the word of the
Lord. CHAP. IV.
Already the threatenings of the preceding chapters begin.
to.be executed. Here is (i) The difgrace and lofs
which the Ifraelites fufitained in a rencounter with
the Philiftines; ¦ i, 2. (2) Their foolifh projeel to
Jlrengthen themfelves by the prefence of the ark ;
which made them fecure, and occafioned the Philiftines
to animate one. another; 3 — 9. (3) The fatal con-
fequences ;—the Ifraelites are routed with great
flaughter, the young priefts flain, and the ark taken
prifoner; 10, II. (4) The .news of. the defeat
coming to Shiloh terrifies the people ; caufes Eli ta
faint, fall, and break his neck; and brings the pains
of childbirth on his daughter-in-law, who dies as
foon as fhe is delivered; 12—22. 1096, orni6.
AN D the word of Samuel ~* came aor^^^c*.
to all Ifrael. Now Ifrael went out li^fVithfc
againft the Philiftines to battle, and 3°'

y Judg. 20. 1. 2 Sam.
3. 10. & 17. n. &
24. 2, 7, 15. 1 Kin,
4.25.
|| Or faithful.
zHeb. T. 1. Gen. 12.
7. &xv. Num. 12.
6, Arnos 3. 7.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — -Dreadful is the cafe of a
church when her fellowfhip with God is interrupted: but great
the mercy that God raifes up new inftruments in his church to
carry on his work when others have proved unfaithful. , Early
piety is often honoured with fpecial intimacy with God ; when
God paffes by his aged faints, who have offended him, and perfects
praife out of die mouths pf babes and fucklings. But it becomes
aged minifters to be well fatisfied with the Lord's carrying on his
work, even at the expenfe of dishonouring themfelves ; and to be
ready to affift thofe whofe rifingglory may eclipfe their own. It
is an unfpeakable mercy when God repeats his calls to men till
he renders them effectual : and promifing is the appearance when
fuch extraordinary revelations animate men to the very Iqweft

offices in religion, inftead of rendering them proud j efpecially when
humble modefty and exact fidelity meet together. Minifters muit
often begin their work with fearful denunciations of God's wrath
againft finners. Yea, how terribly God revenges even the
fins of his own people, and of their familie? ! He renders their
condition bafe, tormenting, and in appearance defperate : and the
moft abundant meafure of grace is requifite to render one refigned
to fuch a ftroke ; ye{ refignation is the proper and only way to
lighten the burden. But frequently he renews his vifits to thofe
who had been early feekers of him : and fuch as improve one gra
cious vifit fhall not be long without a fecond. Yea, the moft
abundant care fhall be taken to honour his faithful fervants, and
to verify their words in the falvation or deftruction of mankind.
F ff 2

the ruinous war begins: ark trufed in: I. SAMUEL. Ifrael defeated, Eli s fons and himfelf dead*

Before Chrift
1095, or II I 5.
b Ch. 7. 12. Sc 5. 1.
c Jofh. 15. 53. 0119.
30. 1 Kin. 20. 30.
f HeS. the battle vias
fpread.
"I Jofh. 7.4,5,12. Pf.
J06. 41. & 78.62.

eDent.M. 24. Jofh.
7.7, 8. Jer. 22. 8.
Lam. 3. 40.
f Ch. 14. 18. Num.
14.44, 45. Sc 31.6.
Jofh. 5. 15 — 17. &
6. 4, 51 2 Sam. 15.
25. Jer.7. 4,8—15.
t Heb. talc uirli) us.

g See ch. I. 3. Jofh.
18. l.Judg. 18. 31.
PI'. 78. 60. Jer. 7.
12, 14.
hNum.T©. 33. Exod.
34. 28. Deut. 10.
1— S-
12 Sam. 6. 12. 2 Kin.
19.15. Pf. 80. i.&
99. 1. Exod. 25. 20
— 22. Num. 7. 89.
fcNum. 4. 15. & 10.
33. Deut. 31. 26.
Judg. 20.?. 2 Sam.
15. 24. Heb. 9. 4.
ver. 3.
] Jer. 7. 4. Mic. 2.
11. Amos 6. 3.
Judg. 15. 14. Job
15, 21.

si Ver. 3— {.

11 Exod. 14. 25. &
15. 14. Dcul. 32.
30,31.

I) Heb. wfcdaj, or
.-jj. third day.

. See Exod. vii —
xiv. ]ofh. 2. 10. Sc
9. IO.
$ IVhen he brought
Hiac! intuthewii-
4«rneis.

f Dent. ifl. 47, 48.
Mg. 13. 1. & 10,
7-
* Keb. £0 men.
^2Sa-n.2n.i. 1 Kin.
11. 16. Sc 12. 36.
2 Kin. 14. 12.
r Lev. 26. 25 Deut.
28. 25. Pi 78. 62.
If. S". j— 6. Jer.
7- «. J*-

pitched- befide b Eben-ezer : and the Phi
liftines pitched in c Aphek.
2- And the Philiftines put themfelves
in array againft Ifrael : and w>hen "•" they
joined battle d Ifrael was fmitten before
the Philiftines : and they flew ofthe army
in the field about four thoufand men.
3 % And when the people were come
into the camp the elders of Ifrael faid,
e Wherefore hath the Lord fmitten us to
day before the Philiftines ? f Let us + fetch
the ark of the covenant of the Lord out
of Shiloh unto us, that when it cometh
among us it may fave us out of the hand
of our enemies.
4 So E the people fent to Shiloh, that
they might bring from thence the h ark of
the covenant of the Lord of hofts, which
dwelleth * between the cherubims : and
the two fons of Eli, Hophni and Phi
nehas, were there k with the ark of the
covenant of God.
5 And when the ark of the covenant
of the Lord came into the camp l all
Ifrael fhouted with a great fhout, fo that
the earth rang again.
6 And, when the Philiftines heard the
noife of the fhout, they faid, What mean-
eth the noife of this great fhout in the
camp of the Hebrews ? ra And they un
derftood that the ark of the Lord was
come into the camp.
7 And the Philiftines n were afraid ;
for they faid, God is come into the
camp. And they faid, Wo unto us ! for
there hath not been fuch a thing H here
tofore. 8 Wo unto us ! who fhall deliver us
out of the hand of thefe mighty gods ?
thefe are the gods that u fmote the Egyp-
tions with all the plagues § in the wil
dernefs. 9 Be ftrong, and quit yourfelves like
men, O ye Philiftines, that ye be not fer
vants unto the Hebrews, p as they have
been to you: ' quit yourfelves like men,
and fight.
10 ^[ And the Philiftines fought. And
Ifrael was fmitten, and they fled i every
man into his tent : and there ' was a very

great {laughter; for- there fell of Ifrael 4^'*,..
thirty thoufand footmen.  ~
1 1 And s the ark of God was taken : s £:$•#'*, ch-
and the two fons of Eli, Hophni "and tX'41.?,*
Phinehas, + were flain. t »*. *«*.
1 2 ^f And there ran a man of Benja
min out of the army, and came to Shi
loh the fame day 'with his clothes rent, '*%&&£?;*%.
and with earth upon his head. wi. it & ' •*¦
13 And when he came, lo, Eli u fat^tigfiK*
upon a feat by the way- fide • watching : ^:lC"'-"-^
for his heart trembled for the ark of God.
And when the man came into the city,
and told it, all the city cried out.
14 And when Eli heard the noife of
the crying he faid, What meaneth the
noife of this tumult ? and the man came
in haftily, and told Eli.
k Now Eli x was ninety and eight xpt.caiocIm.*.
1 j J 1 • + - • 1 • T* Gm.zf. r-30,
years old ; and his eyes * were dim, that *Heb.>«i.
he could not fee.
16 And the man faid unto Eli, I am
he that came out of the army, and I fled
to-day out of the army. And he faid,
What I' is there done, my fon ? « Heb- «*»¦*»*.
1 7 And the -meffenger anfwered and
faid, y Ifrael is fled before the Philiftines, y ver.io,n.
and there hath been alfo a great flaughter
among the people, and thy two fons alfo,
Hophni and Phinehas, are dead, and the
ark of God is taken.
1 8 And it came to pafs, * when he made zFtjJl^J^
mention of the ark of God, that he fell p'htKv"-
from off the feat backward by "the fide »ci.,.9.ver.ij.
of the gate, and his bneck brake, and he b?b,,3rii%*j:
died ; for he was an old man, and heavy : plil.tiom.u.t
and he had judged Ifrael forty years.
19 5F And1 his daughter-in-law, Phi
nehas' wife, was with child, near -§ to be * or ««-,,*.
delivered : and when fhe heard the tidings
that the ark of God was taken, and that
her father-in-law and her hufband were
dead, fhe bowed herfelf and travailed ;
for her pains *came upon her. * Heb. »« mr«u.
20 And about the time of her death
the women that ftood by her faid unto
her, c Fear not, for thou haft born a fon. CM:S*
But fhe anfwered not, d neither did fhe d "ch- /'•'»•""'•
* v-"v* j.*aw heart. Pi. 77. 2.
regard //. iw *'• i0-
21 And fhe named the child eI-chabod, e?^Vvf^«

Dagon their idol maimed, and

CHAP. V.

the Philiflines plagued by the ark.

l0B9T,rorC.h.Ts. faying/ The glory is departed from Ifrael :
fpf.78'.6i.&.oo. (becaufe the ark of God was taken, and
SJE'fB'&xi. becaufe of her father-in-law and her
21. Hof. 9. 12-
eVer.18. Neh. 2.5.
PCtr- 5.6. Phil,
2. 4, 2 Cor- 11. 27,
£: Ysfiffx partcd from Ifrael ; for the ark of God is
taken.

hufband.) And E fhe faid, The

;lory is de

ny. 13^.

a Pf. ;S. 61.
b Ch. 4. 1. Sc 7. 12.
c Jofh. 11.22. & 15.
46. Afls 8. 40. As
a Trophy ol vic
tory.

d Judg. 16. 23. Hab,
I. 11, 16. Dan. 5,
2, 3. ver. 3, 4, 7.
ch. 6. 5-
e Exod. 7. 12. Pf. 97.
7. Mark 3. Ii.
Luke 10. 18, 20.
2l'cr. 6. 14, 15.

fpr. jis-4-^7- ir-J
18, 19. & 41. 23,
24. Sc 46. 1. Jer.
jo. 11.

* fit the ffhy part. It
is faid the upper
part of Dagon re-
lcmblerVa man,
and the lower a
filh.
£ Zeph. 1. 9. Jofh. 5.
15-

hExod.9,3.Aa!I3, II. Dan. 5. 3, 5.

CHAP. V.
While the Ifraelites appear to be totally unconcerned
about God's ark, no man propofing either to fight or to
pay for its recovery, God takes care of it, and paves
the way for its honourable return, (i) The Phili-
fiines triumph over it, and place it as the prifoner of
Dagon their idol; I, 2. (2) God in it triumphs
over Dagon and his worfhippers : and, by fmiting
the inhabitants, of Afhdod, Gath, and Ekron, with
emerods, renders them urgent to part with the ark as
a terror and burden to them ; 3~~ 'I2-
AND the Philiftines a took the ark of
God, and brought it from b Eben-
ezer unto c Afhdod.
2 When the Philiftines took the ark of
God, they brought it into the houfe of
d Dagon, and fet it by Dagon.
3 «[[ And when they of Afhdod arofe
early on the morrow, behold, e Dagon
was fallen upon his face to the earth
before the ark of the Lord. And they
took Dagon, and fet him in his place again.
4 And when they arofe early on the
morrow morning, behold, Dagon was
fallen upon his face to the ground before
the ark of trte Lord : and f the head of
Dagon and both the palms of his hands
were cut off upon the threfhold ; only
* the flump o/^Dagon was left to him.
5 Therefore neither the priefts of
Dagon, nor any that come into Dagon' s
houfe, £ tread on the threfhold of Dagon
in Afhdod unto this day.
6 % But the b hand of the Lord

, , , n 1 Ver. 3,4. Jer. 4(5.
UpUII 1C.U -. 19.1.EX0*.

was heavy upon them of Afhdod, and io9e5°ror ."15.
he deftroyed them, and ; fmote them ,« ,».«. job,,.
with emerods, even Afhdod and the coafts I- 5. r' '
thereof. 7 And when the men of Afhdod kfaw k|£g £&*
that it was fo they faid, The ark of the SU"
God of Ifrael fhall not abide with us ; for
his hand is fore upon us, and l
Dagon our god.
8 They fent therefore and gathered
all the lords of the Philiftines unto them,
and faid, ra What fhall we do with the "*£¦ "¦ 3°' IC
ark of the God of Ifrael ? And they an
fwered, Let the ark of the God of Ifrael
be carried about unto " Gath. And they "^'j-fj;^
carried the ark of the God of Ifrael about
thither.
9 And it was fo, that, after they had
carried it about, the ° hand of the Lord
was againft the city with a very great
deftruction : and he fmote the men of the
city both fmall and great, and they had
emerods in their p fecret parts.
1 o <f[ Therefore they fent the ark of
God to q Ekron. And it came to pafs, as q judg.°?!'i8?'&;i
the ark of God came to Ekron, that the AniUiVs."*'
Ekronites cried out, faying, They have
brought about the ark of the God of Ifrael
to * us, to flay us and our people.
1 1 So they fent and gathered together
all the lords of the Philiftines, and laid,
Send away the ark of the God of Ifrael,
and let it go again to his own place,
that it flay us not and our people : for
there was a ' deadly deftruftion through- 'lil:fJf~M
out all the city ; the hand of God was
very heavy there.
J .,, . -t ¦ j s Jer, 48. .44 A
12 And the men that s died not were 5.19. nun.
fmitten with the emerods: and 'the cry t Exod. 12 30. u
of the city went up to heaven.

4. 2 5am. 21. .'..'..
I Chr. 8. 13. JSc 18.
1. 2 Chr. 26. 6. ch.
17. 4. Amos 6. 2m

o Ver. 6. 11, 12.
Amos 2. 14. & Jt
19. & 9. 1—4.

P Bowels, PI. 7& 6$.

f Heb. mi*, tifiay mt
and my frcpie.

Reflections upon Chap. IV.— Leffer judgments only ex-
afperate hardened finners againft the Lord, inftead of making them
fearch their ways and return to him, while thofe, who are moft
deftitute ofthe power of godlinefs, glory in, and truft to, their ex
ternal forms and privileges. — Sinners are often perfectly fecure
when their deftru&ion comes upon them as a whirlwind. And a
good caufe may fearfully fuffer for the wickednefs of thofe who
efpoufe it. But, very juftly, the firft and foreft judgments light
on the heads of wicked and unfaithful minifters : and quickly they,
who refufed to fhed the tears of godly forrow, are made to fhriek
under the ftrokes of judgment. How near the heart of exercifed
faints do the ark and church of God lie ! Yet God purfues his of-

15- 3—5- J«- 2J.
34. & 48. 3.

fending fervants to the very brink of eternity with awful frowns and.
fearful ftrokes ; and, if they will be unfaithful, they muft die with
out comfort. Pregnant women have need to be in readinefs for
death ; for in an hour which they think not the Son of man may
require their foul. But how great is the mifery of a nation when
the ordinances and prefence of God, which are the glory thereof,
are taken from it!1 Draw near, ye carelefs, ye indulgent parents,
and tremble; behold in what ruin to your family and nation your
conduit may iffue !'
Reflections upon Chap. V. — The intereftof religion fome
times links very low j but God will in due time, and often when

3%e Philiflines

I. SAMUEL.

return the ark.

.Before Chrift
J 005, or Ilij.

¦» Pf. 78. 6i- ch.

b Encd. 7. ti. Dan.
z. z.Sc £,. 6, 7. &
5. 7. If. 8. 19.

.. c Exod. 23.75. & 34.
.20. Deut. 16. 16.
* Heb. rendering,
render.
A Lev. v. yi.
c Ver. 9.

f Jer. 46. 25. If. 24.
2. Job 34. 19.
•f Heb. that.

CHAP. VI.
Obferve here (1) i/ow f/;<r Philiftines, advifed by
their priefls, difmiffed the ark, viz. with rich pre
fents to the God of Ifrael, to make atonement for
their fin ; and yet in a manner which fecured their
poffeffion of it, unlefs God fhould by a miracle 4,ire St
the kine who drew it, contrary to their natural in-
fiiincl, into the land of Ifrael; 1 — 11. (2) How
the Ifraelites received the ark with .great joy, and
facrifices of praife ; 12 — 18. (3) How their cu
rious and unwarrantable looking into it brought im
mediate death upon the Bethjhemites, which ft 'ruck the
furvivors with fuch terror that they begged the peo
ple of Kirjath-jearim to fend for it ; 1 9 — 2 1 .
AND * the ark of the Lord was in
the country of the Philiftines feven
months. 2 And the Philiftines called for b the
priefts and the diviners, faying, What
fhall we do to the ark of the Lord ?
tell us wherewith we fhall fend it to his
place. 3 And fhey faid, If ye fend away the
ark of the God of Ifrael, c fend it not
empty; but in any wife * return him a
d trefpafs-offering : then ye fhall be healed,
and it e fhall be known to you why his
hand is not removed from you.
4 Then faid they,, What fhall be the
trefpafs-offering which we fhall return to
him.? They anfwered, Five golden eme
rods, and five golden mice, according to
the number of the lords ofthe Philiftines :
for f one plague was on 'r you all, and on
your lords.
5 Wherefore ye fhall make images of
your emerods, and images of your g mice

g Exod. 8. 5, 17, 24.
Sc 10. 14, 15. Joel
jhii'r fieufwe that mar the land ; and ye fliall
plagued with
mice.
li Jofli. 7. 19. Jer. 13.
16. Sc 3. 13. John
9. 24. Rev. 16. 9.
jCh.5. 3, 4, 7- Exod.
12. 12. Num. 33.
4. If. 19. 1.
k Exod. 7. 13. & 8.
J5.&I4.17.&0.36, 35- J«b 9. 4. Sc

give

J Or reproachfully.

glory unto the God of Ifrael : peradven
ture he will lighten his hand from off
you, and from * off your gods, and from
off your land. ,
6 Wherefore then do ye k harden your
hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh
hardened their hearts? when he had
wrought + wonderfully among them, did

and they

Before Chrift
1095, or 1115.

they Dot" let T the people go
departed ? u Heb. them.
7 Now therefore make a l new cart, ' * s^; 6- 1- m"*
and take two milch kine, on which there
hath come no yoke, and tie the kine to
the cart, and bring their calves home from
them :
8 And take the ark of the Lord, and
lay it upon the cart; and put the m jewels
of gold, which ye return him for a
trefpafs-offering, in a coffer by the fide
thereof; and fend it away, that it may
s°- 9 And fee, if it goeth up by the way
of his own coaft to n Beth-fhemefh,, then n ^7ilalf?J.
§ he hath done us this great evil: but if the ftr'4htdway
to Shiloh, the for-
mer refidence of
the ark.

m Heb. golden veffels.
Ver. 5, it.

o See ver. 9. J©0i.
15. 10. Sc 21. 16.
f Heb. in it ftreet thy
went.

not, then we fhall know that // is not his
hand that fmote us ; it was a chance that jon>.
happened to us.
1 o 5f And the men did fo ; and. took
two milch kine, and tied them to the cart,
and fhut up their calves at home :
1 1 And they laid the ark of the Lord
upon the cart, and the coffer with the
mice of gold and the images of their
emerods. 1 2 And the kine took the ftraight way
to the way of * Beth-fhemefh, and + went
along the highway, lowing as they went,
and turned not afide to the right hand or
to the left ; and the lords of the'Philiftines
went after them unto the border of Beth-
fhemefh. 13 And they of Beth-fhemefh were
reaping their wheat harveft in the valley :
p and they lifted up their eyes, and iawf^-^n.
the ark, and rejoiced to fee it.
1 4 And the cart came into the field of
Tofhua a Beth-fhemite, and + ftood there, * ij ™» w*
¦J ' ' that the priefts
where there was a great ftone : and they SS SSSrf'Sr
clave the wood ofthe cart, and q offered 0.^.21.4.0..-.
. i . , rr • it 9. 17- & ii- is- &
the kine a burnt-offering unto the Lord. z%*i:%™ifzu
15 Andthe r Levites took down the 'vuhiiou.^:
ark of the Lord, and the coffer that was ' ^amTe',4'

it is leaft expe&ed, make it to triumph. No power of devils or
men can Withftand him, or even prevent their own ruin. It is
very dangerous to profane his holy things. If men will not glorify
God by due reverence, he will glorify himfelf in taking juft ven
geance : and fuch as contend with him fhall be infallibly ruined at
laft. Men indeed are often more eager to get rid of God's judg
ments than to get rid of their fins which procured them; and,' when
3

they fmart under his ftroke, they are folicitous to have, God put
from them, rather than to enter into friendly connexions with
him. But fuch as tempt God fhall find every eflay more and
more imbittered by his curfe and heavy hand upon them. And
what has been gotten by fraud or facrilege muft be thrown back
again before the finner feel guietnefs within him, •

Be'lh-fhemites fain by the ark.

C H A P. VI. vir.

Ark at Kirjath-jearim.

Belbrc Chrift
¦IO95, or 1 1 15.

sOrgrtdt^heI,i.e mourriing. Ver.
' 19. Gen. 50. 11.

t-Exod-.19.21. Num.
4. 5, 20. Deut. 29.
29. Sc a. 24. Jofh,
24. 19. 2 Sam. 6. 7.
Pf. 131. I. Rem.
12. 5. Prov.11. 31.
rPet. 4. 17.
•Perhaps feventy—
fittyoutofathou- frad.

B z Sam. 6". 8,9. Mal.
3. 2. Gen. 4. 13.
Luke 5. S.

jc Jofh. 9. 17. Sc se.
00.&18. 14. with
Jer. 7. 12, 14. Pf.
78. 60. ch. 7. 1, 2.
s Sam. 6. 2. Pf..
132. 6..

with it, wherein the jewels of gold were,
and put them, on the great ftone : and the
men of Beth-fhemefh offered burnt-offer
ings, and facrificed facrifices, the fame
day unto the Lord.
16 And, when the five lords of the
Philiftines had feen it, they returned to
Ekron the fame day.
1 7 And thefe are the golden emerods
which the Philiftines returned for a tref
pafs-offering unto the Lord ; for Afhdod
one, for Gaza one, for Afkelon one, for
Gath one, for Ekron one ;
18 And the golden mice, according to
the number of all the cities of the Phili
ftines belonging to the five lords, hot It of
fenced cities and of country villages, even
unto the s great flone of Abel, whereon
they fet down the ark of the Lord :
which flone. remaineth unto this day in the
field of Jofhua the Beth-fhemite.
1 9 ^[ And he ' fmote the men of Beth-
fhemefh, becaufe they had looked into
the ark of the Lord, even he fmote of
the people * fifty thoufand and threefcore
and ten men: and the people lamented,
becaufe the Lord had fmitten many of
the people with a great flaughter.
20 And the men of Beth-fhemefh faid,
u Who is able to ftand before this holy
Lord God ? and to whom fhall he go up
from us ?
2 1 % And they fent meflengers to the
inhabitants, of * Kirjath-jearim, faying,
The Philiftines have brought again the
ark of the Lord; come ye down, and
fetch it up to you.

C H A P.

VII.

Before Chrifl
1095, or Hi 5,

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — To be deprived of God's
ordinances, though it be only for a time, is very alarming ; yet
much more fo to have them made a plague to us. By holding faft
their fins, men only prolong their forrows. God can eafily make
the ftouteft of his enemies to bow down to him, and even caufe
them to become, to his honour, lafting memorials of their own
fhame. But it is much happier to be warned by other men's ex
perience than by our own.. And, when we have repented of our
fins, we may hope for a removal of our miferies. Wicked men
would fain fhift their convidlions, and afcribe their fufFerings to
any caufe rather than to the hand of God. Arid God often pa
tiently fuffers himfelf to be tempted and put to the trial ; but the
iflue fhall tend to his own glory ; and the very means, which .men
had taken to confirm themfelves in infidelity, fhall turn out to
their more unanfwerable conviction of the truth. He alone can

Hire is ( 1 ) The glory of God's ark long eclipfed by its
private refidence at Kirjath-jearim, while the Ifi
raelites mourn; I, 2. (2) The glory of Samuelr
God's prophet end deputy judge, fhining forth in its.
meridian-bright nefs ; * In his zeal he extirpates ido
latry, and re-efiablifies the true worfhip of God in
Ifrael; 3 — 6: * By his prayer he obtains a glorious
viclory over the Philiftines, where they had given
the ifraelites the fatal defeat twenty years before^
and eretls a monument in remembrance of it ; 7 — 1 2.
(3) By his care he improves his viclory, in clearing
the country ofthe Philiftines, and retaking the cities
which they had feized; 13,14. (4) By an annual
circuit through the country he reftores the admini-
ft 'ration of juftice, and mean while takes particular-
care of God's ivorfbip at his own houfe ; 15 — 17.
AND the men aof Kirjath-jearim came, aS£*-.6P?;*^
and fetched up the arkof the Lord,, ic£i%X¥
and brought it into the houfe of Abinadab
in the hill, and fancf ified Eleazar his fon.:
to keep the ark of the Lord.
2 And it came to pafs, while the ark
abode in Kirjath-jearim, that the time was 1075, or 1-09^
b long ;: for it was twenty years : and all bwith*Sam-6-
the houfe of Ifrael c lamented after the
Lord.. 3 % And Samuel' fpake unto all the
houfe of Ifrael, faying, If ye ddo return dS?£ftLK&
unto the Lord with all your hearts, then 35'
e put away the ftrange gods and Afhta- "SS".^^^
roth from among you, and f prepare your fAZ,flfonU
hearts vmto the Lord, and ferve him
only ; and he will deliver you out of the
hand of the Philiftines.
4 Then the children of Ifrael s did put «{&,£#&
away Baalim and Afhtaroth, and ferved
the Lord only.
5 And Samuel faid, Gather all Ifrael

I Chr. 14. 1. Pf.
132. 1—6.
cjer. 3. 13, 22— If,
Judg. 10. 10, 15.

6. 13. & 10. 20.
Mat. 4. 10. Luk&
4. 8. If. 3. 10.

Gen*

3S-4-

deliver his church, and reftore his ordinances, when all others lie
by unconcerned. And with great joy and thankfgiving, even to the
interruption of the moft urgent earthly concerns, ought his returns
and revivals of religion to be welcomed: But what fear and reve
rence are due to him, and his ordinances, in the meetings of his
faints! He is a holy Lord God! and it is dangerous to indulge a
vain curiofity in our concerns with him; and infinitely deftruftive
to come near to behold the broken law but as fulfilled in Chrift.
How miferable is that nation in which no common care is taken
about the ordinances of Chrift ; but one place yields them to ano
ther, and forfeits thofe bleffings which- God has connected with
them. Let us learn properly to value the privileges which God*
gracioufly beftows ; and fo to improve them, that they may not
become a curfe but a bleffing to us.

Samuel routs the Philiflines.

I. SAMUEL.

Samuel recovers IfraeTs cities.

Be<brc Chrifl
1075, or I.095.

to h Mizpeh, and I will pray for you unto
hjmisL.20.-1.2Ki... the Lord.
cien?,',n40<"jhudg. 6 And they gathered together to Miz-
ij"uV* 4,s.pr.6. peh, and 'drew water, and poured it out
%%lifj££ before the Lord, and k fafted on that
' faid there, 1 We have finned

before the Lord,
day, and faid there,
againft the Lord. And Samuel mjudged
the children of Ifrael in Mizpeh.
7 ^[ And, when the Philiftines " heard

k2Chr. xx. Ezraix
*. &z 8. if. Neh.
ix. Pan. ix. Jon.
iii. Piov. 28. 13.
1 Ezra g ;J—io. Jub
40. 4. & 42. 6. Pf.
Jer.^^'Luke' that the children of Ifrael were gathered
n, judg. 2. 16., & 3. together to Mizpeh, the lords
Ezekcl2o.V7' Philiftines went up againft Ifrael.
nch^u. Amos when the children of Ifrael heard it, they
oixod. ,4. jo. ch. were ° afraid of the Philiftines.
a'ciir. ».'£ "' 8 And the children of Ifrael faid to
^rtulfrinfcrf. Samuel , * r Ceafe not to cry unto
"*' , Lord our God for us, that he will fave
j> Ch. .12. 19. If-37- , r \ i-tl -f n-
4, & 62. j, 6, 7. us out ofthe hand ofthe Philiftines. '
qCh. 6. 14,15. Jodg.
21. 4. 1 Kir.. 18.
.30-38.

of the
And,

the

9 ^[ And Samuel q took a fucking lamb,
and offered it for a burnt-offering wholly
rPf.50.15 &90.6. unto the Lord : and r Samuel cried unto
the Lord for Ifrael ; and the Lord + heard
him. 10 And, as Samuel was offering up the
burnt-offering, the Philiftines drew near

ch. 12.23. Jer. 15.
I.
f Or anfwered.

to battle ag-ainft Ifrael : but the Lord

9 Ch. 1. to. Jofh. io,
10, 11. Jndg. 4.

s thundered with a great thunder on that
&'5»'zSim-6. day upon tne philiftines, and difcomfited
them; and they were fmitten before
Ifrael. 1 1 And the men of Ifrael went out of
Mizpeh, and purfued the Philiftines, and
fmote them until they came under Beth-
car. .
1 2 Then Samuel c took a ftone, and fet
it between Mizpeh and Shen, and called
.c^'/Tsl the name of it u Eben-ezer, faying, x Hi
therto hath the Lord helped us.
13 *[[ So the Philiftines were fubdued,

t Gen, 28. 18. Sc 31.
45. & 3 5.14. If. 19.
ly. Julh. 7. 26.
Juag.JS.-ly.
u That help. J.J.
X AflS 26. 22. Pf. 71.
6, 15. Ii. sis. 3, 4.
Sc 63. 7— 13.

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — God's ordinances will ftill
find a place fomewhere ; and, if priefts neglect them, pious Levites
or Ifraelites will take care of them. The church may continue
long iii a wildernefs ftate : but, when men begin to lament after
an hiding God and departed ordinances, their deliverance is nigh
If we wifh remarkable interpofals of providence for our relief, we
muft put away our idols, and apply ourfelves to folemn repentance,
f.ifting, and fupplication. God faves men from their fins, not z>z
th'.TA. But it is a great mercy to have a noted favourite of hea
ven v ''1 us on critical occafions. — The effectual fervent prayer
of a nghce.us man availelh much. And a minifter's other labours,
without ' earneft 'p-aysrs, feldom avail to the reformation of the
v'c-ild, or the edi". cation of fouls'. The firft ftruggles' for glory are

Before Chrift 09 J.

Gath;ycr5.V.'45146'

and they came no more into the coaft of ^f,
Ifrael : and the hand of the H Lord was » During samuci-r
_, 111 1 r O government alune,
againft the Philiftines all the days of ba-
muel. 14 And -the cities which the Philiftines
had taken from Ifrael were reftored to
Ifrael, from ? Ekron even unto Gath ;
and the coafts thereof did Ifrael deliver
out of the hands of the Philiftines. And
z there was peace between Ifrael and the *\[f*t,liff\\
k • l6-
Amorites. ic «T And Samuel 'judged Ifrael all Hl&'.*25.7:
, •> l< _,...- J ° Aft. IJ.21.
the days of his life.
16 And he b went from year to year hvf^f^-
§ in circuit to c Beth-el, and Gilgal, and * Heb. ^ *«,-««.
Mizpeh, and judged Ifrael in all thofe
places. 1 7 And his return was to d Ramah ; for d ^fft !^
there was his houfe ; and there he judged
Ifrael ; and c there he built an altar unto
the Lord.

c Gen. i:
??5 -
Judg. 20. 1.

8. Jofh. 8.
o. &5. 9. Sca. 19.

.4. &-15. 34. Sc
I6.13. & 19. si &
22. 6. 8c 25. 1.
I Kin. 15. 17. Jer.
31. 15.
e Judg. 21.4. ch. K.
15. 2 Sam. 24. 25.
j Kin. 18. 30—30.
Gen. 12. 7, 8. 8c
33. 20. Sc 35. 7.

CHAP. VIII.
Here, (i) Through Samuel's decay of ftrength, and
his fons' degeneracy, the affairs of Ifrael work to
wards an unhappy revolution; I — 3. (2) Weary
of the government of judges, the Ifraelites, expelling
to be more happy, demand a king, in order to be like
the nations around them; 4, 5. (3) Samuel com
plains of this to God, and is direcled to reprove them
for their diflike of God's government ; and to repre
fent to them how unhappy they would be under fuch
a king as the' nations around them had; 6 — 18.
(4) They, notwithftanding, infifi on their demand ;
and a fpeedy gratification of their defire is promifed
them; 19 — 22.
ND it came to pafs, when Samuel 109S. °r »°6s.
was old, that he a made his fons 'f&ilk.Ji?:
judges over Ifrael.
2 Now the name of his firft-born was
b Joel, and the name of his fecond Abiah ; b ££*?¦ lChr-
they Were judges in c Beer-fheba. csceccn.n.14,31.

A1

often the hardeft. Scarcely can men begin to repent, but hell
and earth will be in arms againft them. But the prayer of faith,
fixed on Jefus' atoning iacritice, will make things eafier than could -
have been expected. Whatfoever we afk, believing, we fhall -
receive; and, when God arifes, his enemies muft be fcattered.
But let us remember that noted anfwers of prayer deferve memo
rials of gratitude : and, while we gratefully acknowledge paft help,
we may depend on future protection. When a man's ways pleafe,
thc Lord, he makes his enemies to be at peace with him. Prayer
and penitence can do more for a nation than the mightieft armies.
Anrl-every blefling mav be expected in that land where magiftrates
or minifters unite remarkable diligence, equity, and faithfulnefs,
with exemplary holinets and ardent devo.ions.

Ifraelites. defire a king.

CHAP. VIII.

they inffl upon a king.

Befpre Chrift
I065, or 1095.
d Eccl. 2.19. Jer. 22.
15, 17. Exad. 18.
ai. Deut. 16. 19.
J Tim. 6. 10. Pf.
\c.e.8c 26. 10. If.
33 'S-

c See ch. 7. 17.
f Ver, I, 3.

jHof.8.4.&I3.IO, 11. Acts 13. 21.
Pcut. 17. 14. Lev.
20. 24. Exod. 19.
5.6.
-f Heb. was evil in
the ejei oj Samuel.
h Ch. 12. 17.
i Pf.50. 15. Prov. 3.
5, 6. Jam. 1.-5. Sc
5. 16. Phil. 4. 6.
Pf. 109.4. Mat. 7,
7-
J: Pf. 81. 12. If. 66.4.
Hut. 13. II. Num.
22. 20.
1 Exod. iS. 8. ch. 10.
19. Sc 12. 17, 19.
John 13. 16. Mat.
10. 24, 25. Luke
19. 14, 27. Hof.
13. 10, II.
m Exod. xiv — xvii.
xxxii. Num. ad.
xiv. xvi. xxv.
Judg. i — iv. vi. x.
xviii. xix. 2 Tim.
3. 13. Num. 32.14.
if. 1. 4.

$ Or obey.
U Or notwithstanding
when thou k.ijl '0-
leinnly trotejled
againfl them, then
thcicJbaltfbew,Scc.
HCI1.2.I3.&T2.T3. hut not lawful, .
Deut. 17. 14 — 20.
Ezek. 46. 18. Sc
45. 7, 8.

«Ch.l4. 52. In fhcfc
verfe-. Samuel re-
pielcnt? not the
duty of kings, but
(he real conduct of
Haul, &c.

3 d And his fons walked not in his ways,
but turned afide after lucre, and took
bribes, and perverted judgment.
4 Then all the elders of Ifrael gathered
themfelves together, and came to Samuel
unto e Ramah,
5 And faid unto him, f Behold, thou art
old, and thy fons walk not in thy ways :
now s make us a king to judge us like all
the nations.
6 5T But the thing + h difpleafed Samuel
when they faid, Give us a king to judge
us. And Samuel ' prayed unto the Lord.
7 And the Lord faid unto Samuel,
k Hearken unto the voice of the people in
all that they fay unto thee : for • they
have not rejected thee, but they have
rejedfed me, that I fhould not reign over
them. 8 m According to all the works which
thpy have done fince the day that I
brought them up out of Egypt even unto
this day, wherewith, they have fprfaken
me, and ferved other gqds, fo do they
alfo unto thee.
9 Now therefore + hearken unto their
voice : I' howbeit, yet proteft folemnly
unto them, and fhew them the "manner
of the king that fliall reign over them.
10 ^[ And Samuel told all the words of
the Lord unto the people that afked of
him a king.
1 1 And he faid, This will be the man
ner of the king that fhall reign over you :
0 He will take your fons, and appoint them
for himfelf, for his chariots, and to-be his
horfemen ; and fome fhall run before his
chariots. 1 2 And he will appoint him captains
over thoufands, and captains over fifties ;

and will fet them to ear his ground, and ,0^0^095,
to reap his harveft, and to make his in- '
ftruments of war, and inftruments of his
chariots. 13 And he will take your daughters to
be confecfionaries, and to be cooks, and to
14 And he p will take your fields, and p ^ "' r ""
your vineyards, and your olive yards ,meven
the beft of them, and give them to his
fervants. 15 And he will take the tenth of your
feed, and of your vineyards, and give to
his § officers, and to his fervants. *!SH"
1 6 And he will take your men fervants , di«°&c.e"
and your maid fervants, and your good-
lieft young men, and your affes, and put
them to his work.
1 7 He will take the tenth of your fheep :
and ye fliall be his fervants.
1 8 And ye ftiall q cry out in that day q v.*. «. & j- u.
becaufe of your king which ye fhall have j^-i-i-joW*
chofen you; and the Lord will not hear
you in that day.
19 f Neverthelefs, r the people refufed '^Vi.V&V
to obey the voice of Samuel ; and they
faid, Nay, but we will have a king over
us ;
20 That s we alfo may be like all the ^fZ11'*'
nations'; and that our king may judge
us, and go out before us, and fight our
battles. 2 1 And Samuel heard all the words of
the people, and he ' rehearfed them in the
ears of the Lord.
22 And the Lord faid to Samuel,
v Hearken unto their voice, and make
them a kins:. And Samuel faid unto the
men of Ifrael, Go ye every man unto his
city.

t I Cor. 4. 2. 2 Cor.
5. 19, 20. Deut. J.
5-

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — We had need to be bufy
in our proper work while we are able ; old age will quickly indif-
pofe us for it. Neither the piety of parents, nor the beft education,
can render a perfon gracious. All men tranfmit corruption to
their pofterity ; no man his virtues or graces. Many children,
awed by their parents' infpection, conceal the vices which after
wards appear when the reftraint is taken off. Yea, many, after
promifing beginnings, turn out a difgrace to their parents, and a
plague to their country. The love pf money is a prolific root of
evil ; a moft dangerous plague. to the foul; and renders the public
adminiftrations-of church and ftate a public nuifance and peft. It
is a common thing for people to be harmonious in calling off the
Vol. I.

government of God, difcovering the vileft ingratitude to his faithful
fervants, and ftudying conformity to the world: but abufive vexa
tion from men fhould drive us to our prayers for ourfelves and for
them. God will grant us direction and comfort when others con
temn and abufe us. To puniOi menibr their fin, God often grants
them what they wifh : and things, good in themfelves, become a
curfe when they are obtained in a wrong way. But rejection of
God, when we are at eafe, aiTuredly iffues in his rejection of us
when we are in trouble. However great a curfe unfandtified re
lations may be, moft men are fet on obtaining them. And no
reproofs or warnings will reftrain the obftinate finner; but the
kindeft advice-is frequently mifreprefented, as felfifh and defigning.

Saul is provided to be king.

I. SAMUEL.

Saul comes to Samuel'

Before Chrift
IG65, or 1095.

CHAP. IX.
Of thefe Ifraelites, fo intent on kingly government, no one
(I fuppofe through meannefs of fpirit) daring to ap
pear candidate for the ftation, God provides them
with one. Here is (1) A fhort hiftory of Saul's
parentage and perfon; 1,2. (2) A large account
of God's bringing him to Samuel. Sent to feek his
father's affes, and not finding them, the fervant -dd-
vifes him to confult Samuel about them ; and, • by the
direclion of the maidens of Ramah, he finds him out ;
3 — 14, (3) Warned of God that Saul was to be
king, Samuel receives him with kindnefs, and treats
him with great refpeH, in the gate, in the dining-
room, and in private conference; 15 — 27.
NOW there was a man of Benjamin,
whofe name was aKifh, the fon
of Abiel, the fon of Zeror, the fon of
off/mil' " '" Bechorath, the fon of Aphiah, * a Ben-
iot fuiytance. jamite, a mighty man of + power.
2 And he had a fon, whofe name
bz!nztm.tf.ll was Saul ; b a choice young man, and a
'' goodly: and there was not among the
children of Ifrael a goodlier perfon than
he : from his fhoulders and upward he was
higher than any of the people.
c Jrf UTsSk 2 Aad the c affes of Kifll' Saul's father>
were loft. And Kifh faid to Saul his. fon,
Take now one of the fervants with thee,
and arife, go feek the affes.
4 And he pafled through d mount
Ephraim, and paffed through the land of
e Shalifha ; but they found them not : then
{,tlctT* they paffed through the land of f Shalim,
and there they were not : and he paffed
through the land of the Benjamites, but
they found them not.
5 And, when they were come to the
ech.j,i> * land of Zuph, Saul faid to his fervant
that was with him, Come, and let us
return ; left my father leave caring for the
afles, and take thought for us.
6 And he faid unto him, Behold now
h^f:!7igT1iX there is in this city h a man of God, and
' - '-,?'," ! tr, he is an ' honourable man ; k all that he
ill net. z. 10. cc 5' , _
li' faith cometh furely to pafs : now let us
44.^'. 5eX 1.' g0 thither; peradventure he can fhew us
our way that we fhould go.
7 Then faid Saul to his fervant, But,
1 ,Ki,i..4.3.2K,-n. behold, if wre go, l what fhall we bring
5'.ju'dg.6.8i8.cl" the man ? for the bread + is fpent in our
tlf, veffels, and there is not a prefent to bring
to the man of God : what H have we ?

Before Chrift
"15 1065, or 1095.

in my hand.
* About feven pence,

d Jofh. 15. to. Sc 17.
15, 18. Judg. 17. 1.
Sc 19. 1.
« 2 Kin. 4. 4a.

X Heb. is gone tut o
Sec.

q Or feaft. Ch. 16. 2.
Lev. 26.30. 1 Chr,
16.39. iKin.}.*.
s.

, Heb. ij with tit.

8 And the fervant anfwered Saul again,
and faid, Behold, § I have here at hand ^ZipiTJuM
* the fourth part of a fhekel of filver :
that will I give to the man of God, to tell
-us our way. , • -
9 (Beforetime in Ifrael, when a man
went to ra inquire of God thus he fpake, ^Tf^if
Come, and let us go to the feer: for he whoever™.11 ;his
that is now called a prophet was before-
time called n a feer.") "i Kin-: J?: J,:
. ' - m Amos 7v m. If. 20.
10 Then faid Saul to his fervant, «-&3°-i°-
t "Well faid; come, let us go. So they*™""**'1
, went unto the city where the man of God °^-'3.e«l4,
was. 1 1 f And as they went up * the hill ^S^.**"*
to the city they found young maidens
p going out to draw water, and faid unto p^- 24.11. judg.
them, Is the feer here ?
1 2 And they anfwered them, and faid,
He is; behold, he is before you: make
hafte now, for he came to-day to the city ;
for there is a q facrifice of the people to
day in the high place :
1 3 As foon as ye be come into the city
ye fhall ftraightway find him, before he
go up to the high place to eat : for the
people will not eat until he come, becaufe
he doth r blefs the facrifice ; and afterwards r D;u<i8; '?• Mat-
ao. 26. Luke 24.
they eat that be bidden. Now therefore ^\\\\?f°f.Z&,
get you up, for about § this time ye fliall
find him.
1 4 And they went up into the city :
and, when they were come into the city,
behold, Samuel came out againft them,
for to go up to the high place.
15 5[ s Now the Lord had * told Sa- • o». «m- *& «r
muel in his ear, u a day before Saul came, t Heb. r^w tu
- * J * ear of Samuel.
faying, T^i^t
16 To-morrow about this time I will Amoss'7' ,
/-ll r 1 -, i r t, u Ac\s 15. 18, If. 43.
fend thee a man out of the land of Ben- £;!$.7.'*£5-
jamin, and thou fhalt anoint him to be *8'6,
captain over my people Ifrael, that he
may fave my~people out of the hand of
the Philiftines: for XI have looked upon xGen.2g.i2.E*o<t.
my people, becaufe their cry is come 3"S-w-,o6-+f-
unto me.
17 And when Samuel faw Saul r • the'S^iS;^.^
Lord faid unto him, Behold the man *
whom I fpake to thee of! the fame fhall
*¦ f _ 2 Heb. refrain. Nehi
reign over my people. \\- j*?* Rwu

7. 15, 16.
$ Heb, to-day*

Saul is told he is to be king.

CHAP. IX. X.

Saul is anointed king..

Before Chrift
le65, or 1095.

18 Then Saul drew near to Samuel in
the gate, and faid, Tell me, I pray thee,
where the feer's houfe is.
19 And Samuel anfwered Saul, and
faid, I am the feer: go up before me
unto the high place, for ye fhall eat with
me to-day; and to-morrow I will let
thee go, and will tell thee all that is in
thine heart.
20 And, as for thine affes that were
tM.,o.d.,> thr« i0fl. % tnree dayS ^^ fet not fay mind on
ach.8.s,i9-ver.2. them, for they are found. And a on whom
is all the defire of Ifrael ? is it not on thee,
and on all thy father's houfe ?
21 And Saul anfwered and faid, Am
**o.%flsV&A, not I a bBenjamite ofthe fmalleft of the
is. cu. u. i7. trjkes 0f lfrael ? and my family the leaft
of all the families of the tribe of Ben-
xvS,lZdfn" jamin ? Wherefore then fpeakeft thou •' fb
to me ?
22 And Samuel took Saul and his fer
vant, and brought them into the parlour,
« Gen. 42. 33- and c made them fit in the chiefeft place
among them that were bidden, which
were about thirty perfons.
23 And Samuel faid unto the cook,
a ch. 1. 5. cen. 43. Bring the d portion which I gave thee, of
which I faid unto thee, Set it by thee.
e Lev. 7. 32, 33. 24 And the cook took up the 'fhoul
der, and that which was upon it, and fet
it before Saul. And Samuel faid, Behold
losrefervsd.vct.is- that which is f left ! fet it before thee,
and eat ; for unto this time hath it been
kept for thee fince I faid, I have invited
the people. So Saul did eat_with Samuel
that day.
25 ^[ And, when they were come down
from the high place into the city, Samuel
8l,iU2 Mat'io5™' communed with Saul E upon the too of
lffiU:p. the houfe.
26 And they arofe early. And it came
to pafs, about the fpring of the day, that

1 Cl, Pcfore Chrift
Samuel called Saul to the top of the 1065, or 1095.

Judg. 16. 27.

houfe, faying, Up, that I may fend thee ~
away. And h Saul arofe, and they went »»»£«¦*«>
out both of them, he and Samuel, abroad.
27 And, as they were going down to
the end of the city, Samuel faid to Saul,
Bid the fervant pafs on before us, (and
he paffed on,) but ftand thou ftill * a *H.b.rw*,.
while, that I may t fhew thee the Word +Heb- «*"*«"•
of God. CHAP. X.
Samuel had informed Saul of the Lord's choofing him to
be king of Ifrael. Here ( I ) He anoints him with
a vial of oil, marking his fcanty qualifications for, and
the tveaknefs of, his government ; I. (2) He gives
him three tokens of his divine call toT and eflablifh-
ment on, the throne, with fome inflrudions ; 2 — S.
( 3 ) The tokens given take place in Saul's return to
his father' s houfe ; 9 — 14. (4) After a divine re-
monfirance againft Ifrael's wickednefs in defiring a
king, he is publicly eletled by lot, fought out, and in
augurated to his royal office with proper inf ruc
tions ; 17 — 25. (5) Not without fome contempt,
he returns home, attended by a guard of volunteers j
26, 27.
THEN Samuel took aa vial of oil, ^^.^
and poured it upon his head, and
bkiffedhim, and faid, Is it not becaufe B ?»•«'• **¦ '¦
the Lord hath anointed thee to be c cap- cC1»-8' s.»> .
tain over his d inheritance ? • d£:^:,l'I(.
2 When thou art departed from me \\s-l'1'
to-day, then thou fhalt find two men by
e Rachel's fepulchre in the border of Ben- * Vft.il
jamin at Zelzah ; and they will fay unto
thee, The affes which thou wenteft to
feek are found : and, lo, thy father hath
* left the care of the affes, and forroweth •«**« w-
for you, faving, What fhall I do for my
fon ?
3 Then fhalt thou go on forward from
thence, and thou fhalt come to the plain

Gen. 15. 19, 2a.

.2. Sc

of Tabor, and there fhall meet thee three "*?(*;}%£».
men going up f to God to Beth-el; g one hV""
carrying three kids, and another carrying "\

ChcsG wis an
ilace.

Lev. i. ii. Num.
S-SiH.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — When nations provoke God
to give them magiftrates or minifters according to their heart,
they are like to have portly figures, but little piety or fenfe. If
men have much of this world, they may lay their account with fre
quent loffes. Perfons may be affectionate children, and yet defti
tute of grace. How fadly many miftake the minifterial office and
work, and look on the meffengers of God as but cunning diviners
that need to be hired; and are more folicitous about outward trifles
than about their eternal falvation ! But it is fliameful when hand

maids know more of Chrift and his minifters than the fons of the
great; and when men, like beafts, feaft on their daily provifion,
and attend the ordinances of God, without firft afking his bleffing
thereon! With what deep defigns are the moft fortuitous circum
ftances ordered by God ; and the moft trivial beginnings iffue in
the moft important events! Humility is the moft direct road to
diftinguifhed honour. And whom God honours we muft. refpett
ifor his fake ; never envying thofe whom he is pleafed to advance,
though we ourfelves fliould be eclipfed by them.
G " tr J.

Confirming tokens happen.

I. SAMUEL

Saul chofen by lot to be king.

before Chrift
1065, or I095.

h Heb. ash thee of
/«w.judg. 18. 15.

1 Ver. 10. ch. 13. 2,
3,5. Here wa- an
other high place.

k Ch. 19. 20. 2 Kin.
2. 3, 5,15. Sca. 38,
Sets. 1.

I They ufed thcTe
mufical instru
ments to rai'e and
compoie their Ipi-
rits. iKin. 3. 15.

mjudg. 3. 10. Num.
11.25. Mat. 7. 22.

nVer.9. not John 3.
f, 5. 2 Cot. 5. 17.
ph. 4. 34.

o Judg. 9. 33.
t Gen. 21.20. Rom.
8.31-

ej Ch. 12. 15. & 11.
14. 15. with 13. 7
—13.
|- Perhaps this re
lates to the event
about two years
after.
t On every occafion.

i Heb. fhmlder.
* Heb. turned.
t Ver. 6. not a new
one. Ezek. 36. 26.
John 3. 3, 5.
s Ver. 2— 6. Judg. 6.
21, 36—40. Sc 7.
IJ. If. 3S. 7, 8.

three loaves of bread, and another carry
ing a bottle of wine :
4 And they h will falute thee, and
give thee two loaves of bread, which thou
fhalt receive of their hands.
5 After that thou flialt come to the
' hill of God, where is the garrifon of the
Philiftines : and it fliall come to pafs,
when thou art come thither to the city,
that thou flialt meet a k company of pro
phets coming down from the high place
1 with a pfaltery, and a tabret, anda pipe,
and a harp, before them ; and they fhall
prophefy :
6 And the m Spirit of the Lord will
come upon thee, and thou fhalt prophefy
with them, and flialt be turned into
n another man.
7 And let it be, when thefe figns are
come unto thee, that thou do as ° occa
fion ferve thee, for p God is with thee.
8 And thou fhalt q go down before me
II to Gilgal ; and, behold, I will come
down unto thee, to offer burnt-offerings,
and to facrifice facrifices of peace-offer
ings : + feven days fhalt thou tarry till I
come to thee, and fhew thee what thou
fhalt do.
9 % And it was fo, that, when he had
turned his § back to go from Samuel,

God

gave

him r another heart : and all

f Heb. a man to his
neighbour.
t Mat. 13. 55. Sc 21.
¦9, 10, 15. John 7.
15. Ads 2. 7, 8. &
4. 13. 6c 9. zi. ch.
19. 24.
^ Heb. front thence.
M Pf.ri. 2. John 3.8.
Afts 10. 34. 8c 4.
13. Jam. r. 17. Is
not God their in-
fpiring infl uCtor .'

x Abner. Ch, 14. 50,
51.

s thofe figns came to pafs that day.
10 And when they came thither to the
hill, behold, a company of prophets met
him ; and the Spirit of God came upon
him, and he prophefied among them.
1 1 And it came to pafs, when all that
knew him beforetime faw that, behold,
he prophefied among the prophets, then
the people faid + one to another, c What
is this that is come unto the fon of Kifh ?
Is Saul alfo among the prophets ?
1 2 And one + of the fame place an
fwered and faid, But " who is their fa
ther ? Therefore it became a proverb, Is
Saul alfo among the prophets ?
13 And, when he had made an end of
prophefying, he came to the high place.
14 ^[ And Saul's x uncle faid unto him
and to his fervant, Whither went ye ?

yProv. 29.IT. ExorJ,
4. 18. ch. 9. 27,

z Judg. 20, 1, 3, ch.
7. 6. Jolh. 18. 26.
not that Judg. 10,
17- &II.H.

Judg. iii. iv. vii.
xi. ch. vii. Sc 12.
J 1. Neh. 9. 27, 2$.
Ezek. xx.

¦VOUr c Jo(h- 7- 14- Num.
/wux 17. 2, 3, 6. Mic. $.

And he faid, To feek the affes : and when JjfX^
we faw that thep-were no where we came ~~
to Samuel.
1 5 And Saul's uncle faid, Tell me, I
pray thee, what Samuel faid unto you.
16 And Saul fai-d unto; his uncle, He
told us plainly that the affes were found.
But ^ of the matter of the kingdom,
whereof Samuel fpake, he told him not.
17 5f And Samuel called the people
together z unto the Lord to Mizpeh ;
18 And faid unto the children of
Ifrael, a Thus faith the Lord God of H^viLxiv6'8,
Ifrael ; . I brought up Ifrael out of Egypt,
and delivered you out of the hand of the
Egyptians, and out of the hand of all
kingdoms, and of them that oppreffed
you :
19 And ye have this day b rejected ^.'i^.7'19'*
your God, who himfelf faved you out of
all your adverfities and your tribulations ;
and ye have faid unto him, Nay, but fet
a king over Us. Now therefore prefent
yourfelves before the Lord c by
tribes, and by your thoufands.
20 And, when Samuel d had caufed all i]t^:ci'7im
the tribes of Ifrael to come near, the tribe
of Benjamin was taken.
21 When he had caufed the tribe of
Benjamin to come near by their families,
the family of Matri was taken, and Saul
the fon of Kifh was taken : and when they
fought him he could not be found.
22 Therefore they e inquired of the
Lord further, if the man fhould yet
come thither. And the Lord anfwered,
Behold, he hath f hid himfelf among the "j£&£ t.'5''7
fluff. 23 And they ran and fetched him
thence : and, when he ftood among the
people, he E was higher than any of the sch-9-**
people from his fhoulders and upward.
24 And Samuel faid to all the people,
See ye him whom the Lord hath chofen, hwithver.17.
that there is none like him among all the '^f&^fJi.
k Either a prediction
of what their
kings would be,
ch. 8. 10— 18. i or
rather rules of go
vernment, Deut.
17. I4—I7- Ezelc.
45. 9, 10. Sc 46.16.
Rom. 13. 1—4.
I Tim. 2, 2. Zeeb.
11.5.

42.

41.

e Jud?. t. 1. Sc vs.
18, 23, 28. Num.
27. 21.

people ? And h all the people fhouted, and
faid, ' God fave the king.
25 Then Samuel told the people kthe
manner of the kingdom, and wrote it in
a book, and laid it up before the Lord.

Before Chrift
I065, or 1095.

Nahafh oppreffeis Ifrael.
And Samuel fent all the people away,
every man to his houfe.
26 % And Saul alfo went home to
1 Gibeah, and there went with him a
band of men, whofe hearts God had
touched. 27 But the
How fhall this

CHAP. XL

Saul relieves Jabefh-gilead.

I Jofh. 18. 2!
1> 12— TO

Judg,
&20.

m Deut. TJ. 13. ch.
2.12. Sc II. 11.

3 I Kin. to. 29.
2 Chr. 17, 5. Mat.
2. II.
$ Or he was as though
he had been dcaj.

gnt mm no pre-

ajudg- 10. 7-& it.
&— 33.withzl.10,

m children of Belial faid,
man fave us ? And they
defpifed him, and n brought h"
fents. But § he held his peace.
CHAP. XI.
Here God, in high fovereignly, begins to honour that
government which the Ifraelites had fo finfully re-
quefied. Obferve ( I ) The great extremity to which
Jabefh-gilead, on the eaft of Jordan, was reduced
by thc Ammonites; I — 3. (2) Saul's prudent and
expeditious raifing of an army for their relief and
fignal fuccefs againft the enemy ; 4 — n. (3) His
tendcrnefs toivards thofe who had oppofed his ad
vancement to the kingdom; 12, 13. (4) A public
confirmation and recognition of his eledion to the
crown; 14, 15.
THEN a Nahafh the Ammonite came
up, and encamped againft Jabefh-
gilead : and all the men of Jabefh faid
1 Deut. 20. 1, 3. & unto Nahafh, b Make a covenant with
us, and we will ferve thee.
2 And Nahafh the Ammonite anfwered
them, On this condition will I make a
covenant with you, c that I may thruft
out all your right eyes, and lay it for a
reproach upon all Ifrael.
^ 3 And the elders of Jabefh faid unto
him, * Give us feven days refpite, that
we may fend meffengers unto all the
coafts of Ifrael : and then, if there be no
man to fave us, we will come out to thee.
4. ^[ Then d came the meffengers to
Gibeah of Saul, and told the tidings in
the ears of the people : and all the people
e lifted up their voices, and wept.
5 And, behold, Saul came f after the
herd out of the field ; and Saul faid, What

c Prov. 12. 10. Dan.
3. 6. Rev. 13. 17.
Efth. 3. 6.

• Heb. Forbear us.

i Ch. 8.20. Sc 10. 26.
Sc 12. 12. & 4. 13.
Judg. 21. 2.
eR-rn. 12.15. iCor.
12. 26. Heb. 10.
33- Sc 13. 3. Gal.
6- 2.
fCh.g.i.Pf.78.71. After his election,
he had retired to
his private bufi
nefs.

as
which

Reflections upon Chap. X.— God fhould be always viewed
¦'lie author of all our promotions; and the tokens for good,
he gives, in his providence, carefully obferved. He works
many wonderful^ changes on the heart, as well as on the ftation.
Sudden changes indeed are not always to be trufted. We may get
a new tongue, new company, new ftations, and new manners, and
¦yet want* the new heart. It is not prudent to be forward in pro
claiming our own honours, or in ruffling on great works ; but to
wait till the Lord, by his word and providence, clear up our way :
thuswill our path be fecure and happy. It is not enough that we
obtain the things which we defire : we fhould confider whether

Eefore Chrift
1065,'or 1095.

10. ic. Sc 16. 13.
h With Exod. 32.19.
.Num. 12. 3. ver. 2.

aileth the people that they weep ? And
they told him the tidings of the men of
Jabefh. 6 ¦ And the s Spirit of God came upon ^['s%\f^c\l:
Saul when he heard thofe tidings, and his
h anger was kindled greatly.
7 And he took a yoke of oxen, and
'hewed them in pieces, and fent them l if 'ft/g^ ¦*£•
throughout all the coafts of Ifrael by the
hands of meffengers, faying, Whofoever
cometh not forth after Saul and after
Samuel, fo fhall it be done unto his oxen.
And the fear of the Lord fell on the
people, and they came out f" with one tHeo.*,™,*™.
confent. 8 And, when he numbered them in
k Bezek, the children of Ifrael l were three k™-i- *
hundred thoufand, and the men ofjudah j^s-i-^tt-t.
7 J 3. Gen. 49. b— 10.
thirty thoufand.
9 And they faid unto the meflengers
that came, Thus fhall ye fay unto the men
of Jabefh-gilead, To-morrow, by that time
the fun be hot, ye fhall have t help. And *<" **»**•
the meffengers came and fhewed /'/ to the
men of Jabefh ; and they were glad.
1 o Therefore the men of Jabefh faidr
™To-morrow we will come out unto you, mV<:r^9>
and ye fhall do with us all that feemeth.
good unto you..
1 1 And it was fo on the morrow, that
n Saul put the people in ° three companies
and they came into the midft of the hoft
in the p morning watch, and flew the
Ammonites- until the heat of the day :
and it came to pafs, that they which
remained were fcattered, fo that q two- q!*?[:I4'30j!UIU
of them were not left together..
1 2 5[ And the people faid unto Samuel
'"Who is he
over us ?
put them to death

n Ch. 3r. ir— t;.
o Judg. 7. 16. Sc 9.
43-
p Exod. 14. 24. Jofh.
8. 9. Judg.7. 19.
Pf.JOl. 8.

that faid, Shall Saul reign r<^-«- *r- 1^
bring the men, that we may

we get them in love or in wrath ; whether in anfwer to the crav
ings of our luft, or in fulfilment ofthe gracious promifes of God.
In all elections to government, in church or ftate, God's direction.
fhould be earneftly confulted and attended to. If the Lord call to im
portant work, no meannefs of fpirit, or earthly confideration, fhould
ever make us to evade it. He who gives the call will give furni
ture for the work. Let the directions of God's word be our con
ftant rule : and then neither weaknefs in ourfelves, nor contempt
in others, fliould difmay or provoke us In the way of duty. And
let us always remember that patience and forbearance often heal
thofe breaches which would otherwife have been irreparable.

Saul is confirmed king. I. SAMUEL.
13 And Saul faid, s There fliall not a

Samuel juflifies his managements.

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..v Ch. jo. 7.3, 2 5am.
5.3 iC'-.r. 12.
39, Hof. a. 4.
13. 10, 11.

S. to. & 31.
:'-H 13. 12.
6. -, thr.29.

man be put to death this day ; for to-day
the Lord hath wrought falvation in
Ifrael. 1 4 ^[ Then faid Samuel to the people,
|S; Come, and let us go to Gilgal, and c re
new the kingdom there.
1 5 And all the people went to Gilgal ;
and there they made Saul king before the
Lord in Gilgal; and there u they facri-
ficed facrifices of peace-offerings before
the Lord ; and there Saul and all the men
of Ifrael rejoiced greatly.
CHAP. XII.
While the Hebrew fates are affembled at Gilgal, Sa
muel fully refigns the government of Ifrael into the
hands of Saul. ( 1 ) He folemnly purges himfelf from
every fufpicion of mal- adminift ration ivhile he had
the government of them, and the people affent thereto ;
.1 — 5. (2) He reminds them of the great things
which God had done for them and their fathers ;
6 — 13. (3) He fets before them the bleffing an
nexed to their obedience, and the curfe annexed to
their difobedience; 14, 15. (4.) To awaken their
regard to what he had faid, and convince them of
their fin in defiring a king, he calls for thunder and
rain at an unufual feafon; 16 — 19. (5) The peo
ple being convinced, he encourages them that things
fliould yet go well if they took heed to their way ; but,
if they did not, they might look for ruin to. themfelves
and to their king ; 20 — »25-
ND Samuel faid unto all Ifrael, Be
hold, I have a hearkened unto your
voice in all that ye. faid unto me, and
have made a king over you.
2 And now, behold, the king b walketh
before you : and c I am old and gray-
headed; and, behold, my fons are with
you : and I have walked before you from
my childhood unto this day.
3 Behold, here I am: witnefs againft
me before the Lord, and before his
aI,4u.™:,,Thesrl1o: anointed: d whofe ox have I taken ? or
whofe afs have I taken ? or whom have I
defrauded ? whom have I oppreffed ? or

e of whofe hand have I received any * bribe ,^0^1095.
+ to blind mine eyes therewith ? and I
will reftore it you.
4 And they faid, f Thou haft not de
frauded us, nor oppreffed us, neither haft
thou taken ought of any man's hand.
5 And he faid unto them, g The Lord s>™<£
is witnefs againft you, and h his anointed
D J ' h Ver. I. ch. to. I.
is witnefs this day, that ye have not f,^.6'**6'9'
found ought in my hand. And they
anfwered, He is witnefs.
6 % And Samuel faid unto the people,
It is the Lord l tfhat % advanced Mofes iE?^ztth-
and Aaron, and that brought your fathers
up out of the land of Egypt. tonw..

4. Ch. 8. 9,-22. Sc 10,
1, 24. & II. 14,15-

•b Num. 27. 16, 17.
c.i. 'i. 20.
cPf.71.18. 2 Pet. I
Ll. 2 Tim. 4. 6.

A1

16. 2 Cor.
I Thef. 2.

e Acta z-j. 3J. Deui.
16. 19. If. 35. 15.
ch. 8. 3.

f Or that IfkmUl 1 ide
mine eyes at i-i-n.
f Dan. 6. 4. Afts 22.
11. 3 John ji.
1. to. AGs
Gen. 31.
53, & 16. 5.

lxxvni. cv. cvi.
cxv.v. exxxvi.

Num. xxxii.
Jofh. iv— *xxi. Pf«
Ixxviii. cv. exxxv.
cxiv. exxxvi. Nchi
9-" 7— 55-

m Judg. iii. iv. x.
xiii. Deut. 32. ij
— 25. Neh. 9.26—
30. If, 63. 10.
Ezek. 20. iS.

7 Now therefore ftand ftill, that I k may k «• i- «. %. s,
I ' J 3, 4. Deut. 1 — xi.
reafon with you before the Lord of all f^**-'"*?
the I' righteous aefs ofthe Lord, which iiHeb^w/»#x,
he did to you and 5 to your fathers. $ Hut, «»¦«*.
8 l When Jacob was come into Egypt, i Gen. xw. Exod. ;
and your fathers cried unto the Lord,
then the Lord fent Mofes and Aaron,
who brought forth your fathers out of
Egypt, and made them dwell in this
place. 9 And m when they forgat the Lord
their God he fold them into the hand of
Sifera, captain of the hoft of Hazor, and
into the hand of the Philiftines, and into
the hand of the king of Moab, and they
fought againft them.
10 n And they cried unto the Lord,
and faid, Wehave finned, becaufe we have
forfaken the Lord and have ferved Baalim
and Afhtaroth : but now deliver us out of
the hand of our enemies, and we will
ferve thee.
1 1 And the "Lord fent Jerubbaal, and ° £dK3.Tx!-vi"
Bedan, and Jephthah, and Samuel, and
delivered you out of the hand of your
enemies on every fide, and ye dwelled
fafe.

njiitie. 3.9.44. xi
Sc 6. 6. Sc 10. 10,
15. ch.7. 2,6. Pf.
78. ,4, 35. If. 26.
16. Jer. 22. 23.
Hof. 5. 15.

¦viii. &
vii.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — Inheritances, haftily gotten
at the beginning, are often marked with terrible vexations : and
God remarkably difplays his wrath againft fome cities or nations.
What a plague is it to live befide bad neighbours ! But inhuman
barbarity often iffues in men's own ruin. Kind fympathy with
others in their trouble, and holy indignation againft deeds of
cruelty and wickednefs, are highly commendable. Deep humility,
a hearty concern for their fubjecls, zeal for the interefts and honour
of God, proper courage and authority, prudence, and confidence

in God for fuccefs, attended with activity and difpatch in bufinefs,
are truly ornamental in magiftrates : and the fear of God ought to
influence fubje£ts to their duty. Never ought men to be more
forward in forgiving others than when the Lord hath done great
things for themfelves. And, with hearty thankfgivings to God,
and increafing regard to his appointments, ought we to acknow
ledge the deliverances which he grants, or the honours which he
confers.

Samuel folemnly warns

CHAP. XII. XIII.

the Ifraelites*

Befoie Chrift
cir. 1065.
or 1095.
p Ch. xi. viii. Hof.
ij ic, 11, Sc 8. 4.
Judg. 8. 23.
ij Num. 23. 21. Gen,
17. 7. Exod-. IQ. 5,
6. H.33 22. 'PL
74.12. Hoi. 15.10.
j Ch. io. 24. & it.
15.ite8.7-H0i.13. 11. Mat. 19. 8.
£ Lev, 26. 1—13.
Deut. 10. 12. &
x3.i— 14-J-fh. 24-
14. If. j. 10. & 1.
16— 19. Rom. 2. 7,
10-

* Heb. mouth.

f Heb. as after.

t Lev. 26. 15—39.
Deut. 28. 15—68.
If. 3. 11. & 1. 20,
Rom. %. 8, o. Pf.
81. 11, 12. Ezek.
18. 4, 10—13.

U Ver. 18-

xProv.26. 1. Pf-9^
6. Jer. 1$. 1. Jam.
5. 16— iS.

y Ch.8. 17. Hof. 13
io, 11.

z Ezra to. 9, 10.
Exod. 9. 23.
a Exod. 14. 31. & 4,
31. Pf. ico. 12, 13.
bPf.78. M>.tf.
Judg, 10. ig, 15.
Exod. 9. 28,

1 2 And, p when ye faw that Nahafh
the king ofthe children of Ammon came
againft you, ye faid unto me, Nay, but a
kin 2: fhall reisrn over us ; when the Lord
your God was q your king.
13 Now, therefore, r behold the king.
whom ye have chofen, and whom ye
have defired ! and, behold, the Lord hath
fet a king over you.
1 4 ? If ye will fear the Lord, and ferve
him, and obey his voice, and not rebel
againft the * commandment of the Lord,
then fhall both ye, and alfo the king that
reigneth over you, + continue following
the Lord your God t
15 But ' if ye will not obey the voice
of the Lord, but rebel againft the com
mandment of the Lord, then fhall the
hand of the Lord be againft you, as it
was againft your fathers.
16 Now therefore ftand and fee this
" great thing-, which the Lord will do
before your eyes.
1 7 Is if x not wheat-harveft to-day ? I
will call unto the Lord, and he fhall fend
thunder and rain ; that ye may perceive
and fee y that your wickednefs is great,
which ye have done in the fight of the
Lord, in afkingyou a king.
1 8 ^[ So Samuel quailed unto the Lord ;
and the Lord fent z thunder and rain that
day : and all the people greatly a feared
the Lord and Samuel.
19 And b all the people faid unto Sa
muel, Pray for thy fervants unto the
Lord thy God, that we die not : for we
have added unto all our fins this evil, to
afk us a king.

20 f And Samuel faid unto the people,
Fear not : ye have done all this wicked
nefs : c yet turn not afide from following
the Lord, but ferve the Lord with all
your heart ;
21 And turn ye not afide: for then
fhould ye go after d vain

Before Chrift
cir. IC64.
or 1014.
cjur. }.J.  14, -2.
Denr. 6. 5. tic to..
12. Mat. 22. 37,

things,

w

Vlii-ll <1 Deut. 32. 21. Jer,.
men 2. s, 13. sc K. s,
cannot profit nor deliver, for they are vain. \f^£z°ff£g;.
-22 For the Lord will not forfake his ~**«."«>7."'

people c for his great name's fake ; becaufe '^i'hK:
it hath pleafed the Lord * to make you -j°<i>-7- 9-
hi f Exod. TO. c, 6.
IS people. Deut. 7. e-S.-fc
23 Moreover, as for me, s God forbkl |^£-*6\~
that I fhould fin againft the Lord + in "•
ceafing; to pray for you :. but I will h teach s\."l\rLifs^.
D r J J Mat. 5. 44. 2 Tlni.-
you the good and the right way : '• '•
_ 24_ 5 Only fear the Lord, and ferve [^ZTL
him in truth with all your heart: for z0-27-
k confider I'how great things he hath done ' 34-'"
for you.
25 l But, if ye fhall ftill do wickedly,
ye fhall be confumed,. both ye and your

8—1;. Deut.
6- 13. Sc 10. 12.

k Ezra 9. 13, 14. PC-
105. 1 — 45. Sc
ixxviii.
|| HeD. vital a ir-:az
thing, fa,
rif. 3. II. Lev. 2fj.
14—39. Deut. 28.
TC— 68- Sc 32. r--
— 30. Sc 4. 26- 1-.C
H. iq, 20. Sc 30. 17
—19-

king.. CHAP. XIIL-
Here Saul begins to- reign alone, and appears ( I ) In~
fatuatcd in his counfels and management of his army ;
I — 4. (2) Invaded by his powerful enemies; 5.
(3) Dcfcrtcd by his foldiers; 6, 7. (4) Difordered
in his fpirit, and facrificmg in confufion; 8- — IOi
(5) For his conduit he is rebuked by Samuel, and
rejecled from being king by God; I r — 14. — His
fubjecls, who hadfo keenly infificd for a king., to make
them like the nations around, appear (1) Difheart-
-ened and fcattered ; 6^7. (2.) Diminifhed in num
ber;, 15, 16. (3) Plundered in property; 17, 18.
(4) Difarmed of weapons for their own defence ; 19,
—23- AUL ' a reigned one year ; andfllf/fff

Ifrael,

when he had reigned two years over aCh.,0.24.&:

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — To vindicate our character
from calumny is a debt which we owe to God and to ourfelves :
and fuch as are confeious of their integrity will not fear the ftridf.-
eft fcrutiny of their conduct. But it is the greateft comfort to
have God the witnefs of our uprightnefs. To refign a ftation on
account of age, with a confeience uncorrupted, and with a cha
racter which malice itfelf dares not to calumniate, is glorious in
deed ; yet good men fcarcely ever leave either church or ftate in
fo good a condition as they would wifh... Hence they are fo earneft
in God's work when he is taking it out of their hand : and it is
honourable to die with a favoury teftimony for God and his ways.
But, whatever changes take place on earth, it will be always well
with the righteous,, and ill -with the wicked. The cartful remem
brance of God's former mercies and judgments, and the obferva
tion of his awful providences, are both too little to make .us active.

and conftant in the fervice of God : and how terrible is the cafe-
of his enemies, who can arm all nature againft them ! How dan
gerous to have the prayers of his minifters turned againft us f But
for nations and churches to enjoy the fervent prayer?, and the faith
ful admonitions and encouragements, of Jehovah's favourites is
one of the greateft mercies ; and will be much prized by fuch as
are truly penitent. Nor muft any ill ufage provoke them to give
over. If they be faithful and compaffionate to the death, what
ever be their fuccefs, they have delivered their own foul.. In high .
fovereignty God diftributes his fpecial favours; and thefe,. when
enjoyed, mould ftrongly animate us to faithfulnefs and conftancy
in his iervice. But no mercy in God, nor pleadings of his people,
fliall prevent the everlafting ruin of fuch as are obftinate in tkeirr
wickednefs, .

Saul begins io have a [landing army.

I. SAMUEL.

Philiflines* invafion diftreffes Mm.

Before Chrift
cir. 1063.
or 1093.
bCh.S.ii.&2j.23.
c'Ch.14. 5. If. 10.28.
ver. 5,23,11. Neh.
7. 31. Sc 11. 31.
d Jofh. 18. 28. Judg.
19. 12, II". 10. 29.

£ Ch. 10. 5.
fOr The fill. Jofh,
18. 24.
£ Judg. 3. 27. Sc 6.
34. 2 Sam, 2. 28.
& 20. ~22.

is Heb. did/ml. On,
34. 30. Sc 46. 34.

j Jiifh. 5. 9, -to. ,t 4.
19. cn.io.8,& 11.

-* Chariots of war
and cutis for bag
gage.
k Gen. 22. 17, Jofh.
II. 4. Judg. 7. 12.
2 Chr. 1.9. Jer. 15.
S. If. 48. 19. It
I'eeins the expet-
ledEgyptian fhep
herds had joined
them.
I Jofh. 18. 12. & 7. 2.
Jll Exod. 14. 10 — 12.
Judg.io. 9. &6. 2.
ch, 14. 11. ,

.ti.il.ev. 16. 17. Deut.
28. 25.
» Num. 21. 23 — te.
Sc xxxii.
p Judg. 7. 3.
II Heb. trembled after
¦him.

es Ch. 10. 8.

rr?ent. 12.6. ch. 15.
22. II. 28. 16.
Prov. ;. c, 6. wiih
ch 1. 3. Sc 14. 18.
J Kin. 3.4,
S Pf. 37. 7. Prov. 20.
2£.

tHeb. Hesfrm.
Ruth- 2. 4. Pf. 129.
i.
uGen. 3.13 Sca. so.
Jofh. 7. 19. 2Kin.
5.25.

2 Saul b chofe him three thoufand men
of Ifrael; whereof two thoufand were with
Saul in c Michmafh and in mount Beth-el,
and a thoufand were with Jonathan in
d Gibeah of Benjamin : and the reft of the
people he fent every man to his tent.
2 % And Jonathan fmote e the garrifon
ofthe Philiftines that was in fGeba, and
the Philiftines heard of it: and Saul sblew
the trumpet throughout all the land, fay
ing, Let the Hebrews hear.
4 And all Ifrael heard fay that. Saul
had fmitten a garrifon of the Philiftines,
and that Ifrael alfo h was had in abomi
nation with the Philiftines. And the
people were called together after Saul to
1 Gilgal. j ^F And the Philiftines gathered them
felves together to fight with Ifrael, thirty
¦thoufand '* chariots, and fix thoufand
horfemen, and people k as the fand which
is on thefea-fhore in multitude : and they
came up, and pitched in Michmafh, eaft
ward from ' Beth-aven.
6 5F When the men of Ifrael faw
that they m were in a ftrait, (for the people
were diftreffed,) then the people did
hide themfelves in caves, and in thickets,
and in rocks, and in high places, and in
pits. 7 And "fome ofthe Hebrews went over
Jordan to the land of ° Gad and Gilead.
As for Saul, he was yet in Gilgal, and p all
the people H followed him trembling.
8 ^[ 1 And he tarried feven days, ac
cording to the fet time that Samuel had
appointed: but Samuel came not to Gil
gal. And the people were fcattered from
him. 9 And Saul faid, Bring hither a burnt-
offering to me, and peace-offerings. And
he r offered the burnt-offering.
10 And it came to pafs, that, sas foon
as he had made an end of offering: the
burnt-offering, behold, Samuel came ;
and Saul went out to meet him, that he
c falute him.
% And Samuel faid, u What haft
thou done ? And Saul faid, Becaufe I faw
that the people were fcattered from me,

might 1 1

and that thou cameft not within the days
appointed, and that the Philiftines ga
thered themfelves together at x Mich
mafh ; .
1 2 Therefore i faid I, The Philiftines
will come down now upon me to Gilgal,
and I have not * made fupplication unto
the Lord: '1 forced myfelf therefore, and
offered a burnt-offering.
13 And Samuel faid to Saul, a Thou
haft done foolifhly : thou haft not kept
the commandment of the Lord thy God,
which he commanded thee: for now
would the Lord have eftablifhed thy
kingdom upon Ifrael for ever.
14 But b now thy kingdom fhall not
continue : the Lord hath fought him a
man after his own heart, and the Lord
hath commanded him to be captain over
his people, c becaufe thou haft not kept
that- which the Lord commanded thee.
15 And Samuel arofe, and gat him up
from Gilgal unto Gibeah of Benjamin.
And Saul numbered the people that were
+ prefent with him, d about fix hundred
men. 16 And Saul, and Jonathan his fon, and
the people that were prefent with them,
abode in Gibeah of Benjamin ; but the
Philiftines encamped in Michmafh.
1 7 5T And the ipoilers came out of the
camp of the Philiftines in three com
panies : one company turned unto the
way that leadeth to e Ophrah, unto the
land of Shual ;
18 And another company turned the
way to f Beth-horon ; and another com
pany turned to the way of the border that
looketh to s the Valley of § Zeboim toward
the wildernefs.
1 9 ^F Now h there was no fmith found
throughout all the land of Ifrael : for the
Philiftines faid, Left the Hebrews make
them fwords or fpears :
20 But all the Ifraelites went down to
the Philiftines, to fharpen every man his
fhare, and his coulter, and his ax, and his
mattock. 21 Yet they had + a file for the mat
tocks, and for the coulters, and for the

Before Chrift
cir. 1063.
or 1093.
X Ver. 2, 5, 16, 23.
di.14.5. If. 10. 28.

y I Kin. 12. 26. Pf,
14- 1.

* Heb. entreated th
face.
2 Jam. 1. 14. Rom,

a Pro-/. 19. 3. Dent.
4. fi. 2 Sam. 12. 7,
9. iKin. 18. 18.
2 Chr. 16. 9. & 19,
Z. Mi'.. 14. 3.

bCh. 2.3-0 Scic.zts,
28. Hof. 13. 10,11.
with Pf. 89.19,20.
Acts 13. 22. ch. 16.
I, 12. Pf. 78. 70.
&C A. 3.

clf.3. TI.&59. 1,2
Lam. 3. 39. ch. 12
25. Je:
&&

_. 17, 19.
18. Sc 5. 25.
19. Prov. I.

3I.&I3. 21. fi.CU
15, 16. Sc 140. II

t Heb. found.
d Ver. 2, 6, 7. dl,
14. 2.

e Jofh. 18. 23. not
that Judg. 6. 11.
ic 8.27, 32.

f Jofh. TO. 10. & l6.
3, 5. Sc 18, 13.
2 Chr. 8.5,1 Chr,
7. 24.
g Nell. 11. 34.
$ Or ferpents.
h Iudg. 5. 8. & IJ.
15. 2 Kin. 24. 14.
Jer. 24. t. cn.,17.
45. Zech. 4. 6.

X Heb. a fie ti-ith
meuths.

Jonathan fogins to deliver Ifrael:

CHAP. XIII. XIV.

Attacks the Philiflines

Before Chrift
tir. 1063,
of 1093.
g Heb. tcrfet.
i Judg. c. 8. ch. 17.
47. 1 Cor. i. 27.

forks, and for the axes* and II to fharpen
the goads* •
So it came to pafs, in the day of

22

% Or ftandmr eatnf.
Ic A narrow parage
betweentwo hills.
Ol. tf 4, 5.

battle, s that there was neither fword nor
fpear found in the hand of any of the
people that were with Saul and Jonathan :
but with Saul and with Jonathan his fon
was there found.
23 And the § garrifon of the Philiftines
went out to the k paffage of Michmafh.

CHAP.

XIV.

•Or libitt HUM a day.
a Jude. 3. 10. &. 13.
2?."If. 40. 29, 31.
& 41. 14, 15.

b J-idp. 14. 6. Pf.
112. 5. Mic. 7. 5.
c Ch. 13. ij, 16.
If. 10. 28, 29.

d Or Jhimeltch. Ch.
22.9,12. Sc 4.21.

c Exod. 28. 30.

The Lord ivill not forfake his people, but will repent
himfelf concerning thtm, when their power is gone,
and there is none fhut up or left. Here (1) The
prodigious army of the Philifines is. routed by the
faith and courage of Jonathan and his armour-bearer;
1 — 16: and purfued by. Saul and the Ifraelites;
16 — 23. (2) The hoft tf ¦ Ifrael is troubled' by the
rafhnefs of Saul, in adjuring them to eat no food till
night ; , by which means Jonathan's , life is brought
into danger, and the people tempted, in their hunger,
finfully to eat with the blood;- 24 — 46. (3) We
have a general account of Saul's exploits and family ;
47—52- '
NOW * it came to pafs upon a day
* that Jonathan the fon of Saul faid
unto the young man that bare his armour,
Come, and let us go over to the Philiftines'
garrifon, that is on the other fide. But
b he told not his father.
2 And Saul tarried c in the uttermoft
part of Gibeah under a pomegranate tree
which is in Migron : and the people that
were with him were about fix hundred
men; 2 And * Ahiah the fon of Ahitub, Icha-
bod's brother, the fon of Phinehas, the
fon of Eli, e the Lord's prieft in Shiloh,
wearing an ephod. And the people knew
not that Jonathan was gone.
4 And between the paffages, by which

Before Ch'i*
cir-. 1063,
or 1095.

} Heb. tooth.

againft

young

fVer. i.Jud
Sc 3.10.

.IJ.2J.

g Ch. 17. 36. Eph. 2.
12. Gen. 17. 7, \-s.,
h Deut. 32. 36. Judg.
7.7. 2Ch . 14. 11,.
PI. itj, j. Mat.
19. 16. /tech. a. i).
Roni. *• ?J' H=k-
13. j, 6. If. 41. 10.
14-r-lG.ftech.j7.
47-

Jonathan fought to go over, unto the Phi
liftines' garrifon, there was a fharp rock
on the one fide and a fharp rock 011 the
other fide; and the name ofthe one was
Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh.
5 The + forefront of the one was
fituate northward over againft Michmafh,
and the other fouthward over
Gibeah. 6 And Jonathan faid to the
man that bare his armour, f Come, and
let us go over unto the garrifon of thefe
s uncircumcifed : h it may be that -the
Lord will work for us : for there h no
reftraint to the Lord to fave by many or
by few. <ri
7 And his armour-bearer faid unto him,
Do all that is in thine heart : turn thee ;
behold, I am with thee according to- thy
heart. 8 Then faid Jonathan, Behold, we will
pafs over unto thefe men, and we will
difcover ourfelves unto them :
9 ' If they fay thus unto us, H Tarry
until we come to you ; then we will
ftand ftill in our place, and will not go
up unto them :
1 o But if they fay thus, Come up unto
us ; then we will go up : for the Lord
hath delivered them into our hand : and
this Jhall be a fign unto us.
1 r And both of them difcovered them
felves unto the garrifon of the Philiftines:
and the Philiftines faid, Behold, the
Hebrews come forth *¦ out of the holes
where they had hid themfelves.
1 2 And the men of the garrifon an
fwered Jonathan and his armour-bearer,
and faid, ' Come up to us, and we will u«£&«.ts.ch.i7.

i Gen/ii. 13, 14. &
15.8. Judg. 6. 3S,
37 Sc 7. ic — 15.
Exod. 4. 2—8,
aSam.5. 24. 2 Kin.
13. 16 — 19. Sc 19.
29. Sc 20. 9— 11.
« Heb. bejm.

k Ch. 13. fr. ver. li.
Judg. 6. 1.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. —God quickly renders men
miferable in the enjoyment of their own inventions for fafety :
and leaves fuch as truft to their own underftanding to the moft im
politic, if not treacherous, conduit. It is eafy for him to awaken
the refentment of nations, or to levy prodigious armies, when he
hifies for them, and mufters the hoft to the battle. And the great_eft
nations and moft flourifhing churches, when God has deferted
them, appear pitiful and contemptible. In perplexing ftraits, men
often entangle themfelves more and more by ufing finful means of
relief. Impatience to help ourfelves, and unwillingnefs to leave
our concerns in God's hands*, ferve only to involve us in new trou
bles. It is infinitely dangerous for the greateft to invade the mi-
nifterial office, and run when God has not fent them : ii may
Vol. I.

coft them a kingdom, nay, their everlafting damnation. Difobe
dience againft God's pofitive precepts can admit of no excufe.
Every attempt to extenuate our guilt is a proof of an unhumbled
fpirit. The more we fin againft conviction, the more aggravated
is our tranfgreflion : and pretences to religion, whilft we act in
oppofition to God's commands, are but barefaced hypocrify.
Want of true fenfe always accompanies want of grace. Sins,
which to us appear very little, have dangerous confequences : and
plain and faithful rebukes become God's minifters. -How unflable
is earthly grandeur — to-day we may be enthroned, and to-morrow
depofed ! Miferable is, a guilty, a defencelefs, nation — and much.
more they who are deftitute of the whole armour of God.
H h it

Ifraelite {^defeat thePhiliflines.

I. SAMUEL.

Ifraelites diflreffed.by Saufs- curfe.

feefore Chrift
oir. 1063,
or 1093.

mPr.18.29.Heb.11. 14. ch. 17. 51, 52.

11 Lev. 26. 7, 8. Rem.
c. ii. iCh:. 14,11.

^ Oi JW/fl furrtnis of
an acre of IdndC

•Jnfh,2.9. &23.TO.
PI. 47. 2. & 48, J,
6.-& 118. io — 12.
J»b-lS:u. 2Kiri.7.
6. Exod.15. 15.16. ¦ ,t
f Ch, 13.16— 18, 1 j.

q Heb. a trembling of
God. Gen. 35. 5.
Lev. 26. 36, 37.
2 Sam. 5. 25 Dan.
S.S.Pf.^.5,6.

trembling in

I Ixod. 2S.30. Hum.
27. 21. Judg. 1. 1.
Sc 20. 18, 23, 28.
a Not with the Phi
liftines, as ch. j.
1.; nor loft, as in
Ezra's time.

% Or tumults

1 Jofh. g. 14. ch. 13
j-l. ver. 24. Pf.
30(5. 13.

3 Hen. were cried to-
c.ether.

•Judg, 7. 22. 2Chr.
2C, 23.

x Ct, 29. 4.

fhew you a. thing. . . And Jonathan... faid
unto his' armour-bearer, Come up after
me;i:for the Lord hath delivered them
into the hand of Ifrael.
13 And Jonathan m climbed up updn
his hands and upon his feet, and; his
armourrbearer after him: and. they "fell
before- Jonathan ; and his armour-bearer
flew after him.
:. " 14- And that firft flaughter, which
Jonathan and his armour-bearer: made,
was about twenty men, within as it were
§an half acre of land, which' a yoke of
oxen might 1 plotv v • ;
-.' 15 *j[ And ° there was
the hoft, in the field, and among all the
people : the p garrifon, and the ; fpoilers,
they alfo trembled, andthe earth quaked ¦:
fo it. was. \ a, very. great' trembling. »
1 6 And the watchmen of Saul in Gi
beah of Benjamin looked; and* behold,
the multitude melted < aw ays, and they
went on beating down one another.
if % Then faid Saul unto' the people
that were- with him, Number now, and
fee who is, gone from us. And, when they
had numbered, behold, -. Jonathan and
his armour-bearer were not there.
,1.8 And Saul faid > unto Ahiah, r Bring
hither the ark of God : (for s the ark of
God was at that time with the children
of Ifrael.). 19 And it came to pafs, while Saul
talked. unto the prieft,, 'that the + noife
that was in the hoft of the Philiftines
went on and increafed: and t Saul faid
unto the prieft, Withdraw thiiie hand.
20 And Saul and all the people that
Were with him H affembled themfelves,
and they came to the battle : and, be
hold, u every man's fword was againft
his fellow, and there was a very .great
difcomfiture. 2 1 x Moreover, the Hebrews that were
with the Philiftines before that time, who
went up with them into the camp from
the country round about, even they alfo
turned to be with the Ifraelites that were
with Saul and Jonathan..
22 Likewife all the men of Ifrael which

had ^hid themfelves. in-- mount Ephraim,
when they heard that the Philiftines fled,
even they alfo followed hard after them
in the battle.
23 So the Lord z faved Ifrael that day :
and a the. battle paffed over unto Beth-
aven. - , , ¦ ¦¦¦¦•:;
24 % And the men .;ofr. Ifrael .were
diftreffed that day : for ^Saul had adjured
the people, faying, Curfed . be the man

that eateth any food until . evening,

that So

BefcucjGhrift pir. 1063,
or 1093.
.— W^w 111 1
y Ch. ij. 6., ver. in
Judg. 6. 2. ch. 31.
7- '-i
z Judg. 2. 18. & 6. 14.
iKm. 14. 27. Pi.
44. 2. Hof. I. 7.
aCh.13. 5. with ver.
z. Joih. 7. 2.

b Judg. .11. 30. Sczx,
2, 5. ver. 27, 29^
30. Prov. 11. 9.
.Gal. 4.18.: Rpm;'
10, 2. 2 Sam. 21,:,

I may be avenged on mine enemies
none of the people tailed any food.
25 And all they of the land came to a
wood ; and there was c honey upon the

ground.

c Exod. 3.8. Mat, 2>'
4. Num. 13, 27.

26 And, when the people were come
into the wood, behold, the honey drop
ped ; but no man put his hand * to his
mouth: for the. .people d feared the oath.
27 But Jonathan heard not when his
father charged the people with the oath :
wherefore * he, put forth the end ofthe rod
that was in his hand, and dipped it in an
§ honeycomb, and , put his hand to his
mouth ; and p his eyes were .enlightened.
; -i 28 Then anfwered 1 one of the people,
and faid, Thy father * ftraitly charged
the people with an oath, faying, Curfed
be the man that eateth any food this day.
And the people were + faint.'
29 Then faid Jonathan,, My father hath
troubled the land : fee, I pray you,: how
mine eyes have been enlightened becaufe
I tafted a little of this honey, : ' ' i ' 'i .,
30 How much more if haply the
people had eaten freely -to-day of the
fpoil of their, enemies which they, found \
* for had there not been now! a mpch
greater flaughter among the Philiftines ?
31 And they fmote the Philiftines that
day from Michmafh td £Ajaloh: and the
people were very faint.
32 And the people flew upon the fpoil,
and took fheep, and oxen, and calves, and
flew them on the ground: 'and the people
B did eat them with the blood.
22 Then they told Saul, faying, Be
hold, the people fin againft the Lord" in
that they, eat with the bipod. And he

d Eccl. 9. Zt

§ Qr WDod-homyi
e Ch. 30. is.

* Heb, adjurktgt a
jurt-dt

t_Or weary <.

X But now thai the
defeat of the Phi
liftines is not
great.

f Perhaps not that!
Jolh. 10. ii. & 19.
.42. or, Judg. inn*
butthatzChr.11, 10. about twelve
miles Weftv/ard, ,
from Mich main, Ji 1

g<3en. g. ^/tev. 7.
&6. &3- 17. Sc 19*
26.. Sc 17- 10, u,
14. DeuL 11. ife ,

Jonathan** life endangered by it.
faid,'-' Ye have h tranfgreffed : roll l-a great
ftone unto me this day.
; ^34 And Saul faid, Difperfe yourfelves
among the people, and fay unto them,
Bring me- hither every man his ox, and
every man his fheep, and flay them here,
and eat; - arid fin not againft -the Lord
in eating with the' blood. And all the
people brought every man his ox § with
him that night, and flew them there.
. ~2S An(l Saul k built an altar unto the
Lord: the fame was the firft altar that
he built unto the Lord.
-36 '% And Saul faid, Let us go down
after the Philiftines by night, and fpoil
them until the morning light, and let us
not leave a man of them.- And they faid,
Do whatfoever feemeth eood unto thee
prieft, '

C HAP. XIV-

Saul's genealogy* and- wars.

Before Chrift
cir. 1065,
>or 1093.
k Or dealt treacher-
cufyi MatJ'7. e.
Rom. i. 1. '
> Ver. 34, 35.

i.M .

$ Heb. in hit 1

k JuiZ. II. 4. ch 7.
9, 17. with n. 11.
Gen. 8. 20. Sc 11.
7,«-

'^•H-x—s Then faid the

21. Judir,
'S'.i3.*?!i,ii,j2. hither unto God.
*c jo. 7, 8.

good
Let us draw near

A .-, 1.1 U
.1. :', .8 ct :S
,, ..Kl
an Ch. 28. 6. with
ver. IS, 19, 24.

u Heb. corners. 2Sam.
18. 3. Judg. 20. 2.
Pf. 47. 9. Zech.
10. 4.

0 Jofh. 7, 1,
«to. 10. 19.

,14.

p Or Shew the inno
cent. Prov. 16. 33.
Acts I. 24.

1 Heb. went firth.

2y % And Saul afked counfel of God ;
Shall I go down after the Philiftines ? wilt
thou deliver them ; into the hand of 'Ifrael?
But m he anfwered him not that day.
38 ^f! And Saul faid, Draw ye near
hither^a'll the " chief of the people : and
0 know and fee wherein this fin hath been
this day.
'"39 For as the Lord liveth, who faveth
Ifrael, though it;be in Jonathan my fon*
he fhall furely die. But there was not a
man among all the people that anfwered
him.. 40 Then faid he unto all Ifj-ael, Be jp
on one fide, and I and Jonathan my fon
Will be on the other fide. And the people
faid unto Saul, Do what feemeth good
unto thee.
41 : Therefore Saul faid unto the Lord
God of Ifrael, p Give a perfect lot. And
Saul and Jonathan were taken : but the
people +'efcape'd.' ¦
42 And Saul faid, Caft lots between"
hie and Jonathan my fon. And Jonathan
was t^ken.
43 Then> Saul faid to Jonathan, Tell

Reflections-iupon Chap. XIV. — Carnal men are often more
anxious for the prefence of God's minifters than for his own. But
hew feafonable are God's interpositions for the deliverance of; his
people ! He makes the faith of his fervants ftrong, and then delight's

me what thou haft/done. "And Jonathan
told him, and faid, * 1 did but tafte a
little honey with the end of the rod
that was in mine hand, and, lo, I muft
die. 44 And Saul anfwered, r God do fo,
and more alfo : for 3 thou fhalt furely die,
Jonathan. 45 And the people faid unto Saul, Shall
Jonathan die, who hath c wrought this
great falvation in Ifrael }"" God forbid :
as the Lord liveth, u there fhall not
hair of his head fall to ..the ground ; for
x he hath wrought- with God this day.
So the people refcued Jonathan, that he
died not.
46 Then Saul went up from following
the Philiftines : and the. Philiftines weiit
to their own place. . :
47 ^[ So Saul ^took the kingdom aver
Ifrael, and fought againft all his enemies
on every fide, againft * Moab, and againft
the children of Ammon, and 'againft
Edom, and againft. the kings of * Zobah,
and againft the Philiftines : and whither-
foever he turned himfelf die. vexed them. ['>
48 And he ^gathered an hofty and
b fmote the Amalekites, and delivered
Ifrael out of the hands of them that
fpoiled them

Before '( hrift
cir. 1063,
' or 1093.

H Ver. 27—33.

r Ruth 1. 17. ch.
43. &2J. 22.
2Sam. 3.9,3s
19. 13.

tf. Sc

s Gen, 38. 24. 2 Sam,
12. s-

t Ver. 23.

/-int0 u2Sam. 14. 11. Mat.
us.z\, 10 ja Luke 2J>
28. Acts 27. 34.

X If. 13. 3. Rev. 17.
sa. 8c 19. 14.
. 2 Cor. ti. I.

y Ch. 13. 1. Dan, y,
¦ 27. 2 Kin. 14. 27.

z See Gen. 19. 37, 3S.
.xxxvi. Exod. as,
14, IS* Deut. 4. 4
—23. Sc 23. 3—7.
Judg. 3.12 — 14. Se
. J0V7, iK&xiii-*
xvi. ch. iv. vii.xi.
a 2 Sam. 8. 3, 5, jjv.
Sc 10. 6, 8.

II Or tsir.ought tnigh-.
tity. ;
b Exod. 17. 14, jg.i
Deist, sc. 19. clu
JJ- 3. 7-

49 %c Now the fons of Saul were Jona^ '^'Izttll

than, and Ifhui, and Melchi-fhua : and
the names of his two daughters were
thefe ; the name of the firft-born Merab,
and the name ofthe younger Michal:
50 And the name of Saul's wife was
Ahinoam, the daughter of Ahimaaz : . and
i the name of the captain of his hoft was
Abner the fon of Ner, Saul's uncle.
, 5 1 And eKifh was the father of Saul ; eCs):V9:
and Ner the father of Abner was the fon
of.Abiel. 52 And there was fore war againft the
Philiftines all the days of Saul : and fwhen fCh'4'"'
Saul faw any ftrong man, or any valiant
man, he took him unto him.

40. & 9. 39—44.

d Ch. 17. ;;. X; i».
14, is- 2 Sam. 1. 1.

1 Chr. t.
39-

to, crown their ftrong faith with fignal victories and honours..
The proud derifion of their enemies iffues in terrible deftruftion.
Yea the mightieft armies, in the hand of fuch an angry God, make:
a.moft pitiful appearance, And it is eafy for the weakeft cowards.
H hh 2

Saul is fent to defray

I. SAMUEL.

the Amalekites.

Before Chrifl
cir. 1062.

CHAP. XV*.
By his own wars and viclories, Saul hoped to magnify
himfelf, and perpetuate his fame: but, by mifmanage-
ment of what God committed to him, he ruined him
felf, and laid his honour in the duft. Here is ( I ) The
exprefs charge which God gave him, utterly to defray
the Amalekites for their injurious attack upon the
Ifraelites in the wildernefs, and for their idolatry ;
I — 3" (2) 17>e preparations which Saul made
for their defirutlion ; raifing an army, and adver-
tifing the Kenites to retire^ 4 — 6. (3) His par
tial execution of his commiffion ; Agag the king, and
the beft of the. flocks, hiing fpared; 7—9. (4) His
examination by Samuel, arid fentence of dethronement,
Ktttt>ithftiinding his many frivolous excufes ; 1 0 — 3 1 .
¦ (5) Having hewed Agag in pieces, Samuel, in
great grief, bids Saul a final adieu ; 32—35.
SAMUEL alfo faid unto Saul, a The
Lord fent me to anoint thee to be
king Over his people, over Ifrael : now
therefore hearken thou unto the voice of
the words of the Lord.
2 Thus faith the b Lord of hofts ; c I
remember that which Amalek did to
Ifrael, how he laid Wait for him in the
way when he came nap from Egypt.
3 Now go and h fmite Amalek, and
utterly deftroy all that they have, and
fpare them not ; but flay both man and
rexod.20.s-1r.14. .woman, 'infant and fucklirig, f ox' and

a Ch. 9. 18. Se its. t.
Sc 11. 14, 15. Sc
ij. Ij.

• Ch. T. 11. 2 Sam.
tj. z. & 7. 16. Pf.
24. IO.
c Rev. 18. 3. Exod.
- 17. -8 — 16. Num.
, %a. 20. Deut. zt.
*7— 19-

ll Exoil. 17.14. Num.
24. 20. Deut. 25.
19. Rev. 18. 8.

f <Stn. 5. 17, 18.
Rom. 8. 20—22.

g Jofh. 15. 24.
UCh. n. 8.TSaiM.
14. 9.

» Or fought.
j Num. 24. 21. Sc 10.
29—32. Judg. I.
16. & 4. 11.
fc Gen. 19. 11. If. 52.
11. 2 Cor. 6. 17.
Rev. 18. 4.
lExcd. 18.9,10,19,
Num. Jo. 29,3!.

-, Job 21. 30. Eccl.
8. 13. Rom. 9. 22.

fheep, camel and afs.
4 And Saul gathered the people toge
ther, and numbered them in £ Telaim,
h two hundred thoufand footmen, and
ten thoufand men of Judaic
• 5 And Saul came to a city of Amalek,
and * laid wait in the valley.
6 5F And Saul faid unto the * Kenites,
Go, k depart, get you down from among
the Amalekites, left I deftroy you with
them : for ye ' fhewed kindnefs to all the
children of Ifrael when they came up out
of Egypt. So the Kenites departed from
among the Amalekites.
y ^ And Saul m fmote the Amalekites

to purfue thofe whom the Lord hath routed. In all our ways it is
beft to confult God's word. But how ready are wicked confulters,
like Saul, t» take their own way, without waiting for an anfwer !
Yet rafh expedients, to obtain carnal ends, are often the noted hin
derances of thefe ends. And fuch as caft abroad curfes, firebrands,
and death, endanger themfelves and families ; and entangle their
children, who are far better than themfelves. When God refufes
to anfwer it is an evidence that he is angry, and it is time to think
feriouily in what we have offended hirh. Violent tempers are

from H-ayilah until thou comeft to B Shur
that is over againft Egypt.
8 And he ° took Agag the king of the
Amalekites alive, and utterly deftroyed
p all the people with the edge of the
fword. 9 But Saul and the people fpared Agag,
and 1 the beft of the fheep, and of the
oxen, and of the fatlings, and the lambs,
and all that was good, and would not
utterly deftroy thorn : but every thing
that zvas vile and refufe, that they de
ftroyed utterly.
1 o ^[ Then came the word ofthe Lord
unto Samuel, faying,
1 1 It r repenteth me that I have fet up
Saul to be king ; for he s is turned back
from following me, and hath \ not per
formed my commandments. And it
c grieved Samuel : and he cried unto the
Lord all night. , .
1 2 And, when Samuel rofe early to
meet Saul in the morning, it was told
Samuel, faying, Saul came to u Carmel,
and, behold, he * fet him up a place," and
is gone about, and pafled on, and gone
down to GilgaLi
1 3 And Samuel came to Saul : and
Saul faid' unto him, Blefled be thou of the
Lord: ^1 have performed thecommand-
ment of the Lord.
> 14 And Samuel faid, What meaneth
then this bleating of the fheep in mine
e#rs, and the lowing of the oxen which
I hear? 15 And Saul faid, They have brought
them from the Amalekites: for * the
people fpared the beft of the fheep and of
the oxen a to facrifice unto the Lord
thy God, and the reft we have utterly
deftroyed. 1 6 Then Samuel faid unto Saul, Stay,

Before Chrift
cir. 1062,
¦ ji
n Gen. 16. 7. Sc 25,
j8. ch. Vf. 8.
0 1 Kin. w. jj-^js.
Num.34. 7, 23.
pWUKch. 17.8. &
30. J.

q Ver. j, io. >Tim .
6. 10. Jofh. 7. 21,
Phil, 2. lt.Sc u
«9- '

r See Gen. 6. 6. ver.
1$. Amos 7. j,
s Heb. 10. 38. witli
Num. 14. 24. ch.
ij. 13, 14. ver. j.

t Ver. 3?. ch. 16. r.
PT. 35. 13, 14.
Exod. 14. 15. A:
17. 4. & IS- 25. &
32.11. Num. 11.2.
& 14. 5. & 16. 4.
0: 20. 6. Sc 21. 7.
Jofh. 7. 6.
u Iofh. je. 55, ch.
25. 2.
x Ch. 7. 12. Jofh. 4.
— JH.18.1S.

8,9. 1 Sam. i

y Luke 18. 11. Piit.
27. 2. Sc 31. 31,
ver. 9, 11.

z Gen. j.- 12, 13.
Exod. 32. 22, 23.
ver. 9.
aMat.l. 8. rf.12. 1.
Eccl. 5. 1. Sc 4. 6.

prone to facrifice their neareft relations, to thejr angry paffions.
In fuch a cafe we ought to refift them, kings not excepted; and to
protect fuch as are not only innocent, but honoured of- God.
Wicked men's zeal often flames in trifling matters, while it lan-
guifhes in things Important: and rafh curling bids fair to end. in
profane perjury. The comforts and honours of royalty are dearly
bought, by the conftant care, danger, and toil, which attend them.
And often men's earthly glory makes a blaze juft before the dark
night of ignominy, and wo feis&es upon them.

Sattlfpares the flocks and Agag.
^iSr* aad I "wi^ te^ ^ee b what the Lord hath
~ faid to -me this night. - And he faid unto

CHAP. XV.

God refects Saul from being king.

*Vcr.n.

him, Say on.

17 And Samuel, faid, When thou wafl
e^|.v>'j?2?am. 'little in thine bwn fight, wafl thou not
\L%%l^made the head of the tribes of Ifrael,
and the Lord anointed thee king over
Ifrael?' 18 And the Lord fent thee on a jour
ney, and faid, Go, and utterly deftroy
Jiver.2,j.cen.i3. t^e <* finners the Amalekites, and fight
13. Mil. 9. 10. , . , - R
joim 9, 24,31. againft them until t they be confumed.
t »**,***. 1 9 wherefore then didft thou not obey
"/"Hal'^jer' the voice of the Lord, but didft e fly
17.... jTim.6. up()n the£poa? anc3 didft evil iii the fight
of the Lord ?
20 And Saul faid unto Samuel, Yea,
f^\\9sT;9l1i° I have f obeyed the voice of the Lord,
nan. 20. 31-4*. md have "gone the way which the Lord
fent me, and have brought Agag the king
of Amalek, and have utterly deftroyed
the Amalekites.
t^t,z°ll%. 21 But ¦* the people took of the fpoil,
"^•,,• fheep and oxen, the chief of the things
which fhould have been utterly deftroyed,
to facrifice unto the Lord thy God in
Gilgal. . ' •:•¦
'StSAfe-V' h 22 And Samuel faid, hHath the Lord
fe'is^li 21. as great delight in burnt-offerings and
fell. i.-LiA.'j. facrifices as in obeying the voice of the
Lord? Behold, to obey '// better than
facrifice, and to hearken than the fat of
rams.
¦ jofh. «. to.".*.™. 2 ^ • For rebellion is as the fin of k witch*-
k».«*k craft, and ftubbornnefs is as iniquity and
*"• idolatry. Becaufe thou haft rejected the
word of the Lord, he hath alfo rejected
thee from being king.
'^JWo'vT 24 f And Saul faid unto Samuel, ' I
ii't.if:17'*' have finned; for Ihave tranfgreffed the
, commandment of the Lord, and thy
»l Ver. 9,1$, M. Jer. /-ill 1
Isiccn r,'zX words ; becaufe I m feared the people, and

»«L 3l. 2^23. bfe ^ ,their Voke
d.9.27. Pf.78. J
34. 117 26. iS. Jer.

22. 23.

25 Now therefore, I pray thee, " pardon

Before Chrift

- . .. .1 . T Before Chr;
my fin, and turn again with me, mat 1 c;r. i062
may worfhip the Lord.
26 And Samuel faid unto Saul, » I will •"¦*«•"¦'«¦
not return with thee ; for thou haft re
jected the word of the Lord, and the
Lord p hath rejected thee from being "^f^fJ^t
king over Ifrael. &,i''°'"'
27 And, as Samuel turned about to go
away, he laid * hold upon the (kirt of «««•¦»• *••»'•
his mantle, and it rent,
28 And Samuel faid unto him, The
Lord rhath rent the kingdom of Ifrael r ^'.lun?".?*
- , , . , ill- Hof.ij.10,11.
from thee this day, and hath given it to ¦
a neighbour of thine, that is better than
thou. 20 And alfo the s Strength of Ifrael sl%"'7!fz"s7:
will not he nor repent : for he is not a t Num.23.. 9.2-1-™.
man that he fhould repent. -nd^ss. " %'
30 Then he faid, u I have finned ; yet a\KT;ff^f.f*ff
honour me now, I pray thee, before the ^'J8-6-
elders of my people, and before Ifrael,
and turn again with me, that I may
worfhip the Lord thy God.
31 So Samuel turned again after Saul;
and Saul worfhipped the. Lord.
33'.^[ Then .faid Samuel, Bring ye
hither to me x Agag the king of the * %'fff fil,m-
Amalekites. And Agag came unto him
delicately. * And Agag faid, Surely the 7ffit,:'J.'f
bitternefs of death is paft.

22 And Samuel faid, * As thy fword 2tTfl7a"n NoT.
11"' 1 1 -1 11 r r A 11 1 M.»t. 26. si. Rev.
hath made women childlefs, fo fhall thy *»¦">•& »6- 6. .
mother be childlefs among women. And
Samuel a hewed Agag in pieces before "u^Zlut
the Lord in Gilgal.
34 *[[Then Samuel went to b Ramah ; i>s™ *•?•«?-
and Saul c went up to his houfe to Gibeah cth- »¦?•
of Saul. k. And Samuel d came no more to fee *chi«9. *»•"•"*
DJJ 136, 158. Jer. 9.
Saul until the day of his death: never- ,,i-
thelefs, Samuel mourned for Saul : and
the Lord 'repented that he had made e Tt"' "' Cel"
Saul king over Ifrael.

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — Injuries done to God's
Ifrael will, fooner or latter, be refented by him. He often bears
long with the veffels of his wrath fitted for deftruction: but the
longer judgments are foreborn, they will only be the more fevere
when they come j and bloody inftruments will be chofen for
bloody work. How dangerous is it to live among the devoted
enemies of God! But kindnefs to God's people often procures

fafety to men's offspring many ages afterward. A covetous and
hypocritical heart makes men do the work of God by halves : and
men's fins often make God change his methods of providence,
though he never changes his mind or purpofe. While the ruin of
finners is the grief of God's faithful minifters, the moft deceitful
men are moft ready to hoaft of their exad~r obedience to his law : but
hypocritical proteftations' of obedience are often contraai&ed by the

tiod coif forts Samuel, and appoints

I. SAMUELi

before Chiift
cir. 106*1.

a Ch. sc. n, zO, 35,

bCh. to. 1. 2 Kin. 9.
1,0.
c Ruth 4. 18 — 22.
I Chr. 2. ic — 15.
Pf. 7S. 68, 70, 71.
Gen. 49,. re. ch.
13. 14. Sc if. 28.
Acts 13. 22.
d Luke I. 34. Exod.
3. 1 1 Jer. 1.6. Pf.
112. 5. Mat. 10.
16.

e Ch. 9. 12. Jer. 38.
27. He told no
thing but the
truch, though not
the whole of it.
*0r feaft.

t h a p. xyr. .,
Reprefents the fmall beginnings of David. ( i ) To
comfort Samuel, thc Lord appoints him, under' covert
of offering facrifice, to -anoint one of Jeffe the Beth-
lehemite's fons to be Saul's, fucceffor on the throne jf
lfrqel; I — 5..,(?) TVbilf: feven elder, fans ar-e.ffffed
by, David is fetched from the flock and anointed
king; 6 — 13. (3) Saul 'becoming melancholy,
- David is fent far, . to relieve him with his excellent
. mafic'; 14 — 23., ,,,::,'
ND the Lord faid unto Samuel,
a How long wilt thou mourn for
-Saul, feeing I have rejecf ed him from
reigning over Ifrael? fill thine b horn with
oih'and go: I will fendthee to c Jefle the
Beth-lehemite ; for I have provided- me a
king among his' fons.
2 And Samuel faid, d How can I go ?
If Saul hear it he will -kill me. Andthe
Lord faid, Take an heifer with thee,
and fay, e I am come to facrifice to the
Lord. 3 And call Jeffe to * the facrifice, and
I will fhew thee what thou fhalt do : and
thou fhalt anoint unto 'me him whom I
name unto thee.
4 And Samuel did that which the
Lord fpake ; and came to Beth-lehem.
And the elders ofthe town f trembled at
his "I" coming ; and faid, s Comeft thou
peaceably'? 5 And he faid, Peaceably : I am come
to facrifice unto the '¦ Lord : h fandtify
yourfelves, and come with me to the
facrifice. And he faricfified Jeffe and his
fons, and called them to the facrifice.
' 6 ^[ And it came to pafs, when they
,ch. i7. 13. rchr. vvere come, that he looked on '; Eliab ;
2. rj. or Eiihu, ?
1 cur. 27.18. an(j faid? Surely the Lord's anointed is
before him.

fCh.T3. 17.&21.1.
Huf. it. 10. Song
6, 4. Prov. 14. 19.
Vi. 53. 5.

g iKin.a. ij.zKiu,
9. 22.
h Jofh. 3.5. 8c\. 13.
Exod. 19, 10, 14,
15. Lev. 20. 7.
Mum, 11. iS. Job
1. 5. Joel 2. 16.

hint t a anoint Pi avid king of -Ifrael.
k

moft undeniable proofs. Such as are mpft forward to juftify
themfelves, are ordinarily fhe readieft to condemn others : and
throwing of the blame on our partners in, or tempters to, fin, is a
fhrewd evidence of an unhumbled heart. Thofe, whom God
hath highly exalted from low beginnings, ought to remember it as
an excitement to do great things for God their exalter. Minifters
of Chrift ought to deal faithfully with the greateft ; and to hunt
them out of all their lying refuges and ill-grounded excufes,- — Next
to Jefus' atonement, nothing, is more pleafing to God than true
hoiinefs of heart and life. But to live in difobedience to the true
God is as bad as to fet up falfe gods, the devil not excepted : and
thofe are unworthy to rule over men wh°, are unwilling to be
ruled by God. Fear of man caufeth ?. fnare. .To c.onfefs the

Before Omit
cir. 1062.

k By fecret. infbir*.
tion. Ch, 9. 17,
ver. 12.

mjob 10. Ac 1 Chr.
28. 9: 2 Chr. 6. jo.
Pf.7.9.&94.l.&
-139. 2. Prov. 15.
II. Sc 16. z. JCr.
II. 20.'& 17.10. Sc
20. 12. Ezek. 11.
5. Luke 16. 5.
Afts 1.24. Sc is.
8. Heb. 4.13. Rev.
z. 23.

0 Ch. 17. 13. 1 Chr.
o Shlmeah, 2 Sam,
si. 3. & 21 21. or
Shimraa, 1 Chr. z.

7 But the Lord k faid unto Samuel
Look not eh his 'countenance, or oh the
height of his ftature; becaufe I have
refufed i him-': ' for the : LORD m feeth not ' fi^z": n
as man feeth ; . for man looketh • on the
* outward appearance, but' ! the Lord
looketh on the* heart. ..: •' <ii .:•>¦
8 Then Jefle called n Abinadah,^and
made him Jpafs before Samuel. . And he
faid, • Neither hath -the-, Lord chofen tHeb-«/«'
this. ' 9 Then Jeffe made ° Shammah to pafs
by. And heifaid, Neither haththe Lord
chofen this. , . ¦¦- '.- ,- -. :•'" /,' ¦ -","
- 10 Again Jeffe made p feven of his fons p fchJ^'ij-is,
to pafs before Samuel. And Sarriuefi faid
unto Jefle,- The. Lord hath not chofen
thefe/ - ' ' - -;¦ . - •/ '
1 1 ^[ And Samuel faid unto Jeffe, Are
here a\\:thy children ? And he faid, There
remaineth yet the youhgeft ; and, behold*
ihe keepeth the fheep. And Samuel faid ^^{t
unto Jeffe, Send arid fetch him; for we **»>-3-«.' ' i
will hot fit +do"wn till he came hither. ; *-*¦>>¦ ""•*•¦•
12 And /he jfent, arid: brought him- in.
Now "heiwas ruddy, \andti withal* Of a ^L,ofj„hn7'..s?4n5i•
beautiful countenance, and goodly tb look * Heb- /«*••/« >«•
to.o, And the'LoRDlfaid^!* Afifei -anoint ^fZil^ltt
him ; for this is he. m ..'¦ n ¦„.-.> -» . . J'*" .,, .
13 Then Samuel took ' the horn of oil, ^"x^i'f^i...

and anointed, him 'i an the ' midft rofi his
brethreru And ,uthe)Spirit\of -the- Lord
came upon David from that day forward;
So Samuel iTbfe up, ,and went; to "* Ra
mah. '.: .... i.^,, . ,.,0. .... ; t.V.U
14 % But the y Spirit of the/ Lord
departed from, , Saul, and ah f" 'evil jfpirit
from the Lo'rd "I" troubled him,.. . ¦• ¦:
1 15 And Saul's fervants:: faid bnto him,

u Num. 27. 18. Judr.
.3. 10. Sc 13,25. &
14. 6. ch. 10. 6, 10,
ver. 18.
JjCh-.7.i7.yCh.i,i,6.&-28.i9> . 2o. Mat. 13. 12.
Hof. 9. 12. t .
z Ch. 18. 10. Sc tt).
9, 10. Judg. 9. 23.
I Kin. 22. 23. Acts
19. is- If- 19. 14.
Pf. 81. 11, 12.
t Or terrifed. ''

i , i ; "' - , , • 1 , ; ; • i . : : ^V. 
fins. which we cannot conceal, and to be chiefly afraid of their
fhartie,"fe'iio more tHan may be expected eVeh' from an. unhumbled
heart. But fueh-repentance comes too late when God hath pafled
a fentence of rejection. So little are hardened finners, afTe-Sted with
God's, thr-eatenings^ that honour before the people is dearer to their
hypocritical hearts' than' 'reconcilement with him. But bloody
murderers will.at laft be reckoned with by God. And never is the
deftruftion of; moft finners hearer than when thev have no appre-
henfion of it.' Let'us"therefore withdraw from intimacy with fuch,
but never 'neglect 'to mourn over their deplorable condition; for it
is truly bitter to fee thofe whom we love in the ways of death
and hell. '
• - - - - 1 , . , ' f
i.e.)

V

Before Chrifl
1062.

aiK'ul. 3.15. ver.:

Ti-Ch Piver. 12
J Olfeeeci.

Saul's melancholy, cured by David's C H
Behold now an evil fpirit from God trou-
bleth thee. .. < . •, /'/" < ni '->; ut]..m • <
16 Let our lord now .command- thy
fepants, which are<-\ before thee, to feek
out a man who is a -cunning player on an
harp: and it fhall come.tojpafs, when the
evil fpirit from God is upon thee, -that
a he- fhall play with his hand, tand thou
fhalt; be welh ri--t'. -'> ' " j:: !'i
•,. .17 .And SauLfa'id iriiito his fervants,
Provide* me haw. a man that, can play
well, and bring him to me. r,v;' :-•¦¦¦'
, i 8- Th£n: anfwered one of thesfervants,
and faid, Behold;. T bavei feen a fon of
Jefle the Beth-lehemite,.;/^^ /> cunning
'.'sj. 1^-Zi.49' in playing1, * and a onighty 1 valiant man,
and a man of war, and pioidenti im + mat*-
ters, and. a. comely iperfi>nr.! andthe Lord
/j. with him...:-.. .- m-*' - ~<f. **= - . -
.19,1 Wherefore ¦ Saul fen t n juaflengBci
unto Jeffe,. and. faid, Send mevDaividj thy
c Kn^Tl: fon which w c with the fheep. ¦"..;»:'
: ,p20 And Jefle took an afs i/W<?/z > with
*Iptr™t-;c°Sm™ -bread, and a bottle of wine, and da
&££'**' '' kid,; and fent them by David his fon. unto
Saul. n : >''
•i.'proV.3^!0'!'' 21 And David. came to Saul, ande,ftood
fw.^.&.is.g. before him :;iand; he Mowed him greatly";
' and he became his armour-bearer. ,
22- And: Saul fentt-o Jefle j faying,: Let
David,, I pray thee, s ftand . before me ;
for he hath found favour in my fight. ;
.23' And it came to pafs, when the evil
fpirit, i from : God was upon Saul, that
¦: David took an harp, and played with his
'¦^l^it hand:. fo Saul h was refrefhed, ' and waif
well, and the evil fpirit departed from
him. .¦.....: ,C H A .P. XVII.
Providence had rendered David famous at court as a
mufician : here it renders him famous in. the camp
as a warrior. Obferve (i) What a gfeat figure
the gigantic Goliath made,, and howvla'ringly he ,de-

A P. 'XVI. XVII. mufc. .Goliath's mmffrous form.

Before Chrift
1060.

a Jofh. s'. %c. Sc it,
10. 2 Chr. 11. 7.

b Or The coaft ef
Hoods. I Chr. II.
.13.

[Continue waiting
upon my perfon. "
Ver. 21.

10. ix 19. 9.

fed the armies of Ifrael; I— n. - (2) What a
mean figure David the young Jhepherd made, when
'"providence brought him to the camp to vifit his bre
thren; 12— 30: (3) The unparalleled bravery
with which David undertook fo encounter this mon-
Jlrous giant; 31— 39. (4) The pious refolution
and courage with which he attacked him, notwith-
'¦' fanding his Contemptuous and profane hoofing ; 40 —
47. (5) The glorious viclory he obtained over
him with a fling and a ftone, and the advantage which
fhe Ifraelites by means of it gained over the Phili
ftines; 48 — 54. (6) The particular notice which
vJds hereupon taken- of David at Saul's court;
55-58.
NOW the - Philiftines gathered toge
ther their armies to battle, and
were gathered together at a Shochoh,
which belongeth to Judah, and pitched be
tween Shochoh and Azekah, in b Ephes-
dammim. ... -2 And Saul, and the men- of Ifrael were
gathered together, and pitched, by the
valley. lof-Elah, and t; fet the battle in f£S
array. againft the Philiftines;
, . 3 And c the Philiftines flood on a moun
tain on the one fide, and Ifrael ftood on
a mountain on the other fide : and there
was a valley between them.^
': 4-f[ And there went out a d champion
out ofthe camp of the Philiftines, named
Goliath,, of: Gath >
cubits and a fpan.
5 And he had an helmet of brafs upon
his head, and he was " armed with a coat "
of, mail; .and- the weight of the, coat- was
§ five thoufand fhekels of brafs. ¦ ¦ • v >
6 And he had greaves of brafs upon his
legs, and a* target of brafs 1 between1 his
-fhoulders. 7 And the ftaff of his fpear was like
a weaver's beam ; and his fpear's head
weighed t fix hundred fhekels of iron :
and one bearing; a fhield. went before him.
8 And he ftood and cried unto the
armies Of Ifrael, and .faid unto- them,
Why are , ye come out to, let your battle

the

c I Kin. 20. 29. ver.
16, 2 Chr. 13. 3, 4.

d A due!ler,or treld-
er down. Jofh. II.
21. ver. 8 — 10.
iChr, 20. 5. Jer.
9.23. Zech. 4.6.

Reflections upon 'Chap. XVI. — God tenderly fympathizes
with' his people's' griefs; and yet what fear of man remains in the
moft noble hearts J . How awful ,are the faithful; minifters of Chrift
to all around :' and what need have we to .prepare ourfelves for
God's noted favours by folemn repentance, application, to Jefus'
blood, and furrender of ourfelves to his fervice! The choiceft
faints are apt tP dote too much on. external appi»arsuiGes^ cveh-after
they .have, to their grief, got proofs of its vanity.. For; ,Qod;

Whofe height WaS * fix t About eleven feoj
0 anil a half.

$ I5t> i-4th- pounds
"avoirdutois.

1 Or gorget.

f Eighteen, pounds
and three -.vuar-

in fovereign authority diftributei his favours and honours ; y?a,
often to thofe who fcern leaft likely to manage them aright. But
where he fends on his work he abundantly qualifies for the employ.
How quickly the devil, takers poffeffion of thofe whom God his
! deferted! Yet, notwithftanding the, numerous expedients which
carnal men devife for the removal of their inward troubles, they
; will all- at laft prove only ruinous and dee? itful.

Goliath defies the tfraefifes.

I. SAMU1L

David conies info the army.

Before Chrift
io6o.

r Num. 23. 7, f,
z -,-im. 21. 21.
Neh. 2. 19.

f Ruth 4. 18 — 22.
Mac. 1.6. Luke 3.
31, 32. ch. 16. 1,
10. Gen. 35. ig.
Mic. 5. 2. iChr. 2.
13— 15.Pf.ljl.fi.
with Mat. 2. 1, 6.

S Ch. 16. 6—9.
1 Cnr. 2. 13.

h Shimeah. 1 Sam.
13. 3.&2l.2l.iee
ch. 16 9.
j Ch, 16- II, 12.
I Chr. z. sc. Gen.
25.23. Mat. 19. 30.
k Ch. 16. 19, 22.

1 Luke 4. 2. Mat.
4-2.

f Heb. thetfes of mill,
J Heb. captain of et
shtufand.
9 Bririii a token of
their welfare.

' SMrmifhin;.

m Or place ofthe car-
riate. Ch. 26. 5.
ftCs batt'e-array, or
place ofti'lit. Eccl.
3. 12. PI. 46. j.
.Phil. .;. .1, 13,
£ Cor 2. 14.

in array ? am not I a Philiftine, and ye
fervants to Saul ?. choofe you a man for
you, and let him come down to me, .
9 If he be able to fight with me, and
to kill me, then will we be your fervants :
but, ' if I prevail againft him, and kill
him, then fhall ye be our fervants, and
ferve us.
10 And the Philiftine faid, e I defy the
armies of Ifrael this day : give me a man,
that we may fight together.
1 1 When Saul and all Ifrael heard thofe
words of the Philiftine, they were dif-
mayed, . and greatly afraid.
1 2 f Now David was f the fon of that
Ephrathite of Beth-lehem-judah whofe
name was Jefle ; and he had eight fons :
and the man went among men fbr an old
man in the days of Saul.
13 And s the three eldeft fons of Jefle
went and followed Saul to the battle :
and the names of his three fons that went
to the battle were Eliab the firft-born,
and next unto him Abinadab, and the
third h Shammah.
14 Arid David ' was the youngeft;
and the three eldeft followed Saul.
1 5 But David went and returned k from
Saul to feed his father's fheep at Beth
lehem. 1 6 And the Philiftine drew near morn
ing and evening, and prefented himfelf
1 forty days.
17 And Jefle faid unto David his fon,
Take now for thy brethren an ephah of
this parched corn, and thefe ten loaves,
and run to the camp to thy brethren ;
1 8 And carry thefe ten '•" cheefes unto
the + captain of their thoufand, and look
how thy brethren fare, and 1 take their
pledge. 19 Now Saul, and they, and all the
men of Tfrael, were in the valley of Elah,
with the Philiftines.
20 ^[ And David rofe up early in the
morning, and left the fheep with a keeper,
and took, and went, as Jefle had com
manded him : and he came to the m trench
as the hoft was going forth to the rt fight,
and fhouted for the battle.

* fighting

Before Chrift
1060.

f Load offrovifient.

0 Heb. allied his ire.
thren of peace.
Cen. 37. 14. & 41,
16. Mat. 10.12,13,
Luke 19. 42V

p Ver, 8—10.

q Heb. from his fact,
Ch. 13. 6,7. Deut,
J». 30. If. jo. 17.

rjofh. 15.16 efi.it,
25. Heb. 12. 1, 2.
Rev. z. 7,. 17. te
j. J, 12, 21.

-u 2 1 For I&ael and tfhes Philiftines had
put the battle in array, army againft army.
22 And Davidjlefibit his carriage in
the hand of1 the keeper ofthe carriage,
and ran into the army, and came and
0 faluted his -brethren. ..;..,. , .
23 And, as he talked with them, be*
hold, there came up the. champion (the
Philiftine of Gath, Goliath by name) out
of the armies of the Philiftihes, and fpake
^according to the fame words : and David
heard them. •• wo.
24 And alL the men. ofr.lfrael, when
they faw the man, fled ' from him, and
were fore afraid. '< ¦¦•:•¦.<
25 And the, men of Ifrael faid, Have
ye feen this man that is come up? furely
to defy Ifrael is, h&comeup.: and r it fhall
be that the man who killeth him the
king will enrich him with great riches,
and will give him his daughter, and make
his father's houfe free in Ifrael; '
26 And David fpake to the men that
ftood by him, faying, What fhall be done
to the man that killeth this Philiftine,
and taketh away the 5 reproach from
Ifrael? for who is this uncircumcifed
Philiftine, that he fhould defy the armies
of l the- living God ?i;.
27 And the people anfwered him after
this manner, faying, So fhall it be done
to the man that killeth him. d
28 ^[ And Eliab his eldeft brother heard
when he fpake unto the men : andEliab's
0 anger was kindled againft David ; and
he faid, Why cameft thou down hither ?
and with whom haft thou left thofe few
fheep in the wildernefs? x I know thy
pride, and the naughtinefs of thine heart ;
for thou art come down that thou
mdghteft fee the battle.
29 And David faid, What have I now
done ? ^ Is there not a caufe ?
30 ^[ And he turned from him toward
another, and fpake after the fame * man
ner. And the people anfwered him again
after the former manner.
31 And, when the words were heard
which David fpake, they ^ rehear fed them
before Saul: and he + fent for him. *Heb- *ailm'

s I Kin. 19. 4. Hum,
14-15. >6. Jofk.7.
.8,9.

I -,
t Deut. 5.26. iThef;
1. 9. ,'Jer. 10. 10.
John's. 16. lJoh»
5.20.

n Ch. r. 14. Mark 3.
21. Mat. 16. 12.
Prov. 18.19. Ecd.
4-4-

X Ch. iS. 7. 1 Tiro.
6. 4, 5. Pf. 35. it,
Jude io.

J Ver. 17, j«. Prov.
15. 1. J Pet. 2. 9.

* Heb. u-trd.

David's refolution to attack Goliath.

CHAP. XVII.

Before Chrift
1060.

z If. 35. 3. Rom. 15
1. Gal. 6. 2. Heb

a Ch. 14. 6. Efth.
16. 2 Cor. 5. 7.
Phil. 4. 13.

% Unacquainted with war.
b Num. 13. 31. Rev.
15. 4.

Let thy
this

, Or itd.

Heb. 2. 14.

32 % And David faid to Saul, *
no man's heart fail becaufe of him ;
fervant a will go and fight with
Philiftine. 22 And Saul faid to David, Thou
art not able to go againft this Philiftine
to fight with him ; for thou art but * a
youth, and he b a man of war from his
youth. 34 And David faid unto Saul, Thy
fervant kept his father's fheep, and there
came a lion, and a bear, and took a
H lamb out of the flock :
35 And I. went out after him, and
fmote him, and delivered it out of his
mouth : and when he arofe againft me
:tcti6itss. I caught him by his beard, c and fmote
him, and flew him.
36 Thy fervant flew both the lion and
the bear: and this uncircumcifed Phili
ftine fhall be as one of them, feeing he
hath defied the armies of the living
God. 2y David faid moreover, d The Lord
that delivered me out of the paw of the
lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he
will deliver me out of the hand of this
Philiftine. And Saul faid unto David,
Go, and the Lord be with thee.
38 ^[ And Saul * armed David with his
armour, and he put an helmet of brafs
upon his head ; alfo he armed him with a
coat of mail.
2<) And David girded his fword upon
his armour, and he eflayed to go ; for he
had not proved /'/. And David faid unto
Saul, I cannot go with thefe ; for I have
'TzcJt'.fc°.l't not proved them. And David e put them
off him.

dlCor. T.lCv2Tim.
4.J7. Pf. 63.7. &
?'- il. <i' 9. IO.

*Hcb. clothed David
villh his clothes.

*PCln\t^ 4° And he took f his ftaff in his hand,

10. Sc 3. 31. "& 7,
16.ch.14-6.lC0r. , r 1 •
1.27 2 cor. 10.4, and chofe him
& 4. 7. the

5. 8C 4. 7,
* Or valley.

five fmooth ftones out of
brook, and put them in a fhepherd's
tHt\s.v,jf,u + bag which he had, even in a fcrip; and
his fling was in his hand: and he drew
near to the Philiftine.
41 And the Philiftine came on, and
drew near unto David ; and the man that
bare the fhield went before him.
42 And, when the Philiftine looked
1 "¦.',?,":",•.* about and law David, he g difdained him;
Vol. I.

David kills Goliath with a flone.
and ruddy, and

Before Chrift
about 1060.

h I Kin. 19.
23. iz.

riPf. 20. 7. Sett. iS.
& 3. 3. & 118. 10
— 12. Prov. 18.10.
2 Chr. 32.8. Gen.
15. I. Rom. 8. 31.
Phil 4. 13.

for he was but a youth,
of a fair countenance.
43 And the Philiftine faid unto David,
Am I a dog, that thou comeft to me with
ftaves ? And the Philiftine h curfed David
by his gods.
44 And the Philiftine faid to David,
Come to me, and I will give thy flefli
unto the fowls of the air, and to the
beafts of the field.
45 Then faid David to the Philiftine,
Thou comeft to me with a fword, and
with a fpear, and with a fhield ; but
come to thee in the name of the Lord of
hofts, the God of the armies of Ifrael,
whom thou haft defied.
46 k This day will the Lord * deliver k Jf^'i ^evR™;
thee into mine hand; and I will finite Vif^iilsi^l
thee, and take thine head from thee ; and *°- *«*•'., ijV'
I will give the carcafes of the hoft of the *«*¦»"*•
Philiftines this day unto the fowls of the
air, and to the wild beafts of the earth ;
that all the earth may know that there is
a God in Ifrael.
47 And all this aflembly fhall know
1 that the Lord faveth not with fword ' ".$£*?.•'*
and fpear : for the battle is the Lord's
and he will give you into our hands.
48 And it came to pafs, when the
Philiftine arofe, and came and drew
nigh to meet David, that David hafted,
and ran towards the army to meet the
Philiftine. 49 And m David put his hand in his m]tVSf%f'

2 Chr. 20. 15.
Zech'. 4, 6. ch,"
14- 6-

bag, and took thence a ftone, and flang •>*'¦ jcoV.'i. %
his' fore -

it, and fmote the Philiftine in
head, that the ftone + funk into his fore
head ; and he fell upon his face to the
earth. 50 So David prevailed over the Phili
ftine with a fling and with a ftone, and
r ' ...
fmote the Philiftine, and flew him ; but
there was no fword in the hand of David.
51 Therefore David ran, and ftood
upon the Philiftine, and took his fword,
and drew it out of the fheath thereof, and
n flew him, and cut off his head there
with. And, when the Philiftines faw
their champion was dead, they fled.
52 % ° And the men of Ifrael and of
Iii

X Heb. funh a
in thc tvaie.

14. Dj.

'j Web, :
. ? 24.

0 Cj. 14, zi,
zi.un. 2.3. t

Saul matures concerning David.

I. SAMUEL. Jonathan loves, and Saul envies, David,

Before CIiriH
j.060.
pjcfn.15. 3;, 36,^5
— -7. ch. v. Sc 6.
J'7-

• They chafed Them
-about 24 miles.

qExod. 16. 33. Jofh.
4. 7 — ). ch. 7. 12.
Sc 31. 9. with
2 i.ain. 4. 7, 3. &
I. 10.
r Sec Jofh. 10. 1. Sc
15 6j.
? In God's taber
nacle at Nob. Ch.
21. I, 9.

* Great men quick
ly forget their fer
vants ; and David,
by further age,
and his fhepherd's
drefs, made a dif
ferent appearance
from what heihad
dune before Saul.

t Ch. hS. 1, 18, 19.
Ruth 4. 18 — 22.
i Chr. 2.. »3— J5-

Judah arofe, and fhouted, and purfued
the Philiftines until thou p come to the
valley and to the gates of Ekron. And
the wounded of the Philiftines fell down
by the way to * Shaaraim, even unto
Gath and unto Ekron.
^2 And the children of Ifrael returned
from chafing after the Philiftines, and
they fpoiled their tents.
54 ^f And David q took the head of the
Philiftine, and brought it to r Jerufalem ;
but he put his armour in s his tent.
55 ^ And, when Saul faw David go
forth againft the Philiftine, he faid unto
Abner, the captain of the hoft, Abner,
* whofe fon is this youth ? And Abner
faid, As thy foul liveth, O king, I can
not tell.
56 And the king faid, Inquire thou
whofe fon the ftripling is.
57 And, as David returned from the
flaughter of the Philiftine, Abner took
him, and brought him before Saul with
the head of the Philiftine in his hand.
58 And Saul faid to him, Whofe fon
art thou, thou young man ? And David
anfwered, ' / am the fon of thy fervant
Jefle the Beth-lehemite. CHAP. XVIII.
Here we have ( I ) The agreeable fruits of David's
viclory. He becomes Saul's attendant, Jonathan' s
covenanted friend, and the common darling of the
Hebrew nation; \ — 7,16. (2 ) The difagreeabte
eonfequences of it. 1 Saul, provoked with David's
praife, hates him, andfeeks to murder him ; 8 — 1 1 :
* Obferving his prudent conduit, and the people's love
to him, he is afraid of him; 12 — 16 : 3 To enfnare

Before Chrift
1060.'

a Gen. 44. 3a ch. ia.
17. 2 Sam. 1. 26.
Prov. 17. 17. 8c
18, 24.

him, he offers, him, to wife Merab his eldeft daughter ;
and then, to provoke him, gives her to another;
17 — 19: * To have him flain by others, he gives
him Michal his younger daughter, upon the moft
dangerous terms; 20 — 25: But, (3) Having,
with great bravery and fafety, performed thefe con
ditions, David becomes more and more cfeemed among
the people ; 26 — 30.-
AND it came to pafs, when he had
made an end of fpeaking unto Saul,
that a the foul of Jonathan was knit with
the foul of David, and Jonathan loved
him as his own foul.
2 And Saul took him that day, and
would let him go b no more home to his b Ch- ^^ «¦ vcr- s.
father's houfe.
3 Then Jonathan and David c made a
covenant, becaufe he loved him as his
own foul.
4 And Jonathan i ftripped himfelf of
the robe that was upon him, and gave it
to David, and his garments, even to his
fword, and to his bow, and to his girdle.
5 ^[ And David went out whitherfbever
Saul fent him, and * e behaved himfelf
wifely. And Saul fet him over the ?men
of war ; and he was accepted in the fight
of all the people, and alfo in fhe fight of
Saul's fervants.
6 ^F And it came to pafs, as they came,
when David was returned from the flaugh
ter of the + Philiftine, that the women
came out of all the cities of Ifrael, E fing-
ing and dancing, to meet king Saul, with
tablets, with joy, and with + inftruments
of mufic.7 And the women h anfwered one an-

c Gen. 2T. 27. Sc 26.
28. Sc 31. 44. ch.
20. 8—17. & 19. z.

d Gen. 41. 42. Efth.
6. 8, 9.1

* Or profptred.
e Dan. 6. 5, 6. Mat.
10. 16. Eph. 5. 15.
Col. 4. 5. If. 52.13.
f His guard. Ch.
13. 2.

t Or Phili

lifiir.es.

g Exod. 15. 20, 21.
Judg. II. 34. Rev.
19. 1, 2, & 18. 20.

t Heb. ihree-fringtd
inftruments. '

h Exod. 15. 21. Rev.
7. 9, 10, 12.

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — It was a great mercy that
God fufpended this invafion till Saul had recovered^from his dif
fraction, and David was prepared to encounter this giant. And
often, though unnoticed, God manifefts peculiar mercy in the
timing of our troubles. Pride naturally eftablifhe's itfelf upon
bulk, bodily ftrength, and other weak endowments of human na
ture : and, relying upon thefe, the enemies of God earneftly watch
for advantages againft his people. But when God leaves them to
themfelves, not only individuals but armies become mean fpirited
and terrified on every approach of danger : their ftrength is turned
into weaknefs, and their courage into fhame. If we would be
good foldiers of Jefus Chrift, it is neceflary that we endure hard-
nefs: and it bodes well when God endows us with a deep regard
for his honour. Yet how often thofe, whom God calls out to
glorious exploits, meet with much difcouragement from a carnal
world ; particularly their own relations. But let them in patience
poiTefs their fouls, and in meeknefs inftruct thofe that oppofe them

felves. — A foft anfwer turneth away wrath. And we muft not.
be difcouraged in well-doing becaufe our good intentions are mif-
reprefented and abufed. What God has done for us ought to be
improved, as an encouragement to do more and more for him at
his call. They are well armed that go forth with a good con
feience in a good caufe. The righteous are bold as a lion; but
they need never be affiamed of an honeft calling, however mean,
Pride goes before deftrudtion, and a haughty fpirit before a fall.
The curfe that is caufelefs falls on the head of him that utters it ;
and the prefumption of the proud deftroys him. How vain is the
arm of flefh againft the power of God ! The mightieft enemies are
eafily defeated when we go forth againft them ftrong in the Lord,,
and in the power of his might; while they who truft in man find
their dependence at laft but as a broken reed. It is not high birth,
but deeds of high defert that conftitute true nobility. But of how
little avail is the notice of earthly courts, where one may be fp
foon forgotten, or fo quickly hated V

Saul's repeated attempts to murder David.

CHAP* XVIII.

David marries Saul's daughter-

Before Chiift
1060.
iCll.2I. H.&29.5.

k Efth. 3. 5. Prov.
13. 10. Eccl, 4. 4.
3 John 9, 10.

lCh.T#.T4- &I5.28.
& 16. 13.
m r.cn a. 5, 6 Job
14. 16. Pi. 10. 8, 9.
Mac. 20. 15.

nCh. 16. 14- iKm'
zz. 22, 23. Acts
ii 16.
• Ch. 16. 16, 23-

p Spear. Ch. 22. 6.
& 26. 7.
qCh. 19. 0,10. & u.
33. Prov. 6. 34.

r Pf. 14. 5. S 48. 5,
6. Efth. 0. 13.

s Ver. 17. 25. Prov.
12. is.

t Mum. 27. 16, 17.
ver. 16. 2 Sam. 5.
2. Pf. 121. 8.

1( Or profpered.
11 Pf. 1 12. c. Eph. 5
15. Mat. ro. 16.
Dan. 6. 5. Col. 4.
5. ver. c.

X Pf. 140. 5. Luke
20. 19, 20. Pf. 12.
2. &55. 21.ch.14.
49-
% Heb. a fon of va
lour.

yCh.

Ch. 17.
28. Pf.

. 47. Sc 25,
12. 2.

a 2 Sam. u. 15. Sc
12.9.

» > Sam. 7. 18. & 9.
S. Ruth 2. 10.
Prov. 15. 33. &
18. 12. Luke 14.
. JJ. PT. 138. 6.

other as they played, and faid, ' Saul hath
flain his thoufands, and David his ten
thoufands. 8 And Saul was very wroth, and the
faying k difpleafed him ; and he faid,
They have afcribed unto David ten thou
fands, and to me they have afcribed but
thoufands : and what can he have more
1 but the kingdom ?
9 And Saul m eyed David from that
day and forward.
10 II And it came to pafs on the mor
row that the evil n fpirit from God came
upon Saul, and he prophefied in the midft
of the houfe. And David ° played with
his hand as at other times. And there
was a p javelin in Saul's hand.
1 1 And Saul *> caft the javelin ; for he
faid, I will fmite David even to the wall
with it. And David avoided out of his
prefence twice.
1 2 ^[ And Saul was r afraid of David,
becaufe the Lord was with him and
was departed from Saul.
1 3 Therefore Saul s removed him from
him, and made him his captain over a
thoufand : and he c went out and came
in before the people.
14 And David I
wifely in all his ways
with him.
1 5 Wherefore, when Saul faw that he
behaved himfelf very wifely, he was
afraid of him.
' 16 But all Ifrael and Judah loved
David, becaufe he went out and came in
before them.
17 ^f And x Saul faid to David, Behold
my elder daughter Merab, her will I give
thee to wife : only be thou ? valiant for
me, and fight the y Lord's battles. For
Saul faid, Let not mine hand be upon
him, * but let the hand of the Philiftines
be upon him.
1 8 And David faid unto Saul, a Who
am I ? and what is my life, or my father's
fajmily in Ifrael, that I fhould be fon -in
law to the king ?
19 But it came to pafs, at the time
when Merab Saul's daughter fhould have

1 behaved himfelf
and the Lord was

^Before Chrift
1060.
b2Sam. 21. 8. Judg.
7. 22.
cCh. 14. 49. ver. 27.
ch. 19. 12 — 17. 8c
25. 44. 2 Sam. 3.
14, 15. 8c6. zes

ts Heb. was
his ejes.

ight in

25. wi
II, 12.

38. 1:
thch

S.
. ver.
13.

ePf.3S.1-3. &5S,
21. Sc 12. 2.

the king's fon-

been given to David, that fhe was given
unto b Adriel the Meholathite to wife.
20 % And c Michal Saul's daughter
loved David. And they told Saul, andthe
thing * pleafed him.
2 1 And Saul faid, I will give him her,
that fhe may be a d fnare to him, and that d?£y«,j.*?:
the hand of the Philiftines may be againft
him. Wherefore Saul faid to David, Thou
fhalt this day be my fon-in-law in the
one ofthe twain.
22 5[ And Saul e commanded his fer
vants, faying. Commune with David
fecretly, and fay, Behold, the king hath
delight in thee, and all his fervants love
thee : now therefore be
in-law. 23 And Saul's fervants fpake thofe
words in the ears of Davids And David
faid, f Seemeth it to you a light thing to
be a king's fon-in-law., feeing that I am
a poor man, and lightly efteemed?
24 And the fervants of Saul told him,
faying, + On this manner fpake David.
25 And Saul faid, Thus fhall ye fay
to David; The king defireth not any
s dowry, but an hundred forefkins of the **£¦$£¦£%:
Philiftines, to be avenged of the king's ™-lf
enemies. But Saul thought to make
David fall by the hand of the Philiftines.
26 And, when his fervants told David
thefe words, it * pleafed David well to *E^r#*h4'
be the king's fon-in-law. And the days
were not H expired.
27 Wherefore David arofe, and went,
he and his men, h and flew of the Phili- *\sf^-^
ftines two hundred men : and David
brought their forefkins, and they gave
them in full tale to the king, that he
might be the kind's fon-in-law. And
Saul gave him ' Michal his
wife. 28 ^[ And Saul faw and knew that the
Lord was with David, and that Michal
Saul's daughter loved him.
29 And Saul was yet k the more afraid
of David ; and Saul became David's enemy
continually. 30 Then the princes of the Philiftines'
went forth. And it came to pafs, after they
Iii?.

f Gen. 34. 12. Fvoc\
22. 16, 17. Dent.
22. 29. Luke 14,-
II. ver. 18, 25.

f Heb. According tl
thefe words.

„ Heb. fulfilled, i. e.
the 1 une for bring-,
ing in the fore
skins.

daughter to «seev«r.i?,

kVcr. 12, 15. Job;.
-2, 12, 13. Eccl. 4*
4. Prov. 6. 34.

Jonathan commends David.

I. SAMUEL.

Michal deceives her father.

Before Chrift
1059.

went forth, that David behaved himfelf
0. 1 more wifely than all the fervants of
Saul ; fo that his name was much m fet

16. Eph. 5. 15,
m Heb. precious*
Ch. 2. }Q.

by.

J Ch. 18. 8, 9. Prov.
2.7. 3,4. & 10. 2.3.
& iz. 16. & 14.16.
& 17. 12. Jer. 9. 3.
a Tim. 3. 13.

CHAP. XIX.
David's new relation to Saul but increafes his troubles,
Here we have him four times in hazard of his life
from Saul and his agents ; but always providentially
delivered : ( 1 ) By the prudent mediation of Jona
than; 1 — 7: (2) By his own quicinefs ; 8 — 10:
(3) By Michal his wife's fidelity and craftinefs ;
11 — 17: (4) By Samuel's protection, and God's
turning Saul into a kind of temporary prophet ;
1 8 — 24.
AN D a Saul fpake to Jonathan his
fon, and to all his fervants, that
they fhould kill David.
b|'»'p^v! 2 But Jonathan Saul's fon b delighted
much in David : and Jonathan told
David, faying, Saul my father feeketh
to kill thee : now therefore, I pray thee,
take heed to thyfelf until the morning,
and. abide in a fecret place, and hide thy
felf: 3 And I will go out, and ftand befide'
my father in the field where thou art,
and I will commune with my father of
thee; and what I fee that I will tell thee.
ejrOT.3i.9.c ,22. ^ ^j- ^n<j Jonathan c fpake good of
David unto Saul his father ; and faid
"^'Ro'm.3;,0'"' unto him, Let not the king dfin againft
»°-3z- ' ' ' his fervant, againft David; becaufe he
hath not finned againft thee, and becaufe
e3i"3i5.'&'i7.ril: c his works have been to thee- ward verv
Jer. 13. 20. J
good:
^tzlVs.vt.l'tl: 5 For he f did put his life in his hand,
and flew the Phihftine; and the Lord
%<^-]tsl\t ?.' s wrought a great falvation for all Ifrael :
thou faweft it, and didft rejoice : where
fore then wilt thou fin againft innocent
blood, to flay David without a caufe ?

Prov. 26. 25.

* Heb. yefirjay, or
the third day.

6 And Saul hearkened unto h the voice *%<*?*
of Jonathan : and Saul fware, As the b M,t. »7. 4. wit!
Lord liveth, he fhall not be flain. E^T^ti
y And Jonathan called David ; and Jo
nathan fhewed him all thofe things. And
Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he
was in his prefence as, * in times paft.
8 5[ And there was war again : and
'David went out, and fought with the * PJ; ?ff?i&-
Philiftines, and flew them with a great ~'z'
flaughter: and they fled from thim. t «<*.*,,/„,.
9 And the kevil fpirit from the Lord fc?0h- ,'&„?;**•
was upon Saul as he fat in his houfe *3,Aa"»-16-
with his javelin in his hand : and David
played with his hand.
10 And Saul bought to fmite David ^fg^-Jt*-
even to the wall with the javelin; but he Z'f™-6-™-
flipped away out of Saul's prefence, and he
fmote the javelin into the wall : and David
fled, and m efcaped that night. "^liVf?
11 f Saul alfo nfent meffengers unto fa1""^
David's houfe to watch him, and to flay "^jm- j°-&s°.
him in the morning. And "Michal Da- ° ch. is. 20, «.
vid's wife told him, faying, If thou fave
not thy life to-night, to-morrow thou
fhalt be flain.
12 f So Michal p let David down r^.lsc^\l'
through a window : and he. went, and 33•li•S4•,7•
fled, and efcaped.
13 And Michal took ^an image.; and q g^ fitting,
laid // in the bed, and put a pillow of
goats' hair for his bolfter, and covered it
with a cloth.
14 And, when Saul fent meffengers to
take David, fhe r faid, He is fick. 'fe1;^'
15 And Saul fent the meffengers again
to fee David, faying, Bring him up to me
in the bed, that I may flay him.
16 And, when the meffengers were

Exod. 1. 19 )Rom.
- :£. 8. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — Never let the envy the
honour of others. If the Lord delight to honour, even my infe
riors, it becomes me heartily to join with him. Let me love the
virtuous, though it fhould be at the expenfe of lofing all that I
have in the world for their fake: and let me count a faithful friend
among the greateft of human bleffings. If friendfhip be true, it
will be conftant, and will not ftartle at giving the ftrongeft affur-
ances. But how difficult to aft fo, in a high ftation, as to procure
honour without provoking envy! even the due praifes of merit are
grating to the ears of the envious ; and often their malignant eye
betrays the rancour of their heart, while indulgence of their evil
thoughts invites the devil to take poffeffion of their fouls. . Jealoufy is
cruel as the grave, and thirfts for the precious life. But God guards

his people from many a mortal blow fecretly aimed at them. How
bafe is it to devife hurt againft thofe who dwell fecurely by us — ¦
to lay fnares for our neighbour under pretence of regard to him-—
and to cover hatred with lying lips ! But, if we are hated on earth,
and fnares laid for our life, let us behave with the more prudence,
humility, and true bravery. Let us count it all joy when we fall
into divers temptations, and through much tribulation enter into
the kingdom of God ! God can overrule the moft wicked defigns
of our enemies for our good, and to their confufion. And modeft
worth will fhine with double luftre at laft. God will confound the
wife in their own craftinefs; and, in fpite of every danger, exalt
the man whom he delights to honour.

Saul is made to prophefy.

CHAP. XIX. XX.

David complains to Jonathan.

Before Chrift
jocg.

image in

c Ch. 22. 17- Exod.
I, 17. Mat. 2. 16.
Afts 4. 19. & 5.
29.

t iSam. 2. 22.

U Pf. 116. IT. Mal.
2. 7. Jam. 5.16. Ice
CI1.7.17.& 15-34-
He fled to Samuel
for advice, com.
fort, ftrengthen-
ing of faith, and
for fecurity from
S.ull.
xCh.2V9,lc.&23. 19. &26. 1. Prov.
29. 12.
y Ver. 22, 23. ch.
20. I.
z Ver. 11, 14.
a Ch. 10. 5, 10.
John 7. 45, 46.
Num. 11. 25.

b Jer. 13. 23. Prov.
27. 22. 2Kin.i.g,
ll, 13.

come in, behold, there was an
the bed, with a pillow of goats' hair for
his bolfter.
1 7 And Saul faid unto Michal, Why
haft thou s deceived me fo, and fent away
mine enemy, that he is efcaped ? And
Michal anfwered Saul, He faid unto me,
Let me go ; c why fhould I kill thee ?
18 ^f So David fled, and efcaped, and
came J to Samuel to Ramah, and told him
all that Saul had done to him.- And he
and Samuel went and dwelt in Naioth.
19 And it x was told Saul, faying,
Behold, David is at Naioth in Ramah.
20 And Saul ? fent meflengers to take
David. z And when they faw the a com
pany of the prophets prophefying, and
Samuel Handing as appointed over them,
the Spirit of God was upon the meffengers
of Saul, and they alfo prophefied.
21 And, when it was told Saul, he
b fent other meffengers, and they prophe
fied likewife. And Saul fent meflengers
again the third time, and they prophefied
alfo. 22 Then went he alfo to Ramah, and
came to a great well that is in Sechu : and
he afked and faid, Where are Samuel and
David? And one faid, Behold, they be at
Naioth in Ramah.
23 ^[ And he went thither to Naioth in
Ramah. And the c Spirit of God was upon
him alfo, and he went on, and prophe
fied, until he came to Naioth in f.amah.
24 And he ftripped off his d clothes
alfo, and prophefied before Samuel in like
manner, and H lay down naked all that
day and all that night. Wherefore they
fay, e Is Saul alfo among the prophets ?
CHAP. XX.
Still Saul perfectttes David, and Jonathan befriends
him. ( 1 ) David complains to Jonathan of Saul's
Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — What a mercy is a true
and difinterefted friend, who with heartinefs and prudence efpoufes
the caufe of perfecuted faints ! Good advice, even from an infe
rior, deferves attention. But the oath of a common fwearer, and
the fudden change of a paffionate man, are a bad fecurity for one's
life. It is good always to keep clofe to our duty, however ill men
may reward us for it. But, while we are on earth, fomethin<*
will ever alky the joys of our triumphs ; and no kindnefs will cure
the ranklings of inveterate malice. Happy are they who truft God
with their protection and deliverance! He can make the very

c Prov. 21. 1. Sc 16.
9. Num. xxii —
xxiv. Gen. 31.24.
John 11. 51. Mat.
7. 22.

d Upper garments.
2 Sam. 6. 20. Mic.
I. 8. If. 20. 2.

II licb. fell.

e Ch, 10. 11. Acts 9.
21.

murderous defigns, and engages him to^ be his friendly
informer; I — 8. (2) Jonathan folemnly promifes
to procure him proper intelligence of his father's de
figns ; and they renew their covenant of friendfliip ;
9 — 23. (3) Jonathan, to his extreme grief, and
not without danger and virulent abufe, difcovers that
his father is implacably determined to murder David;
24 — 34. (4) According to their mutual agreement,
Jonathan prudently informs David; and they part
in deep. concern; 35 — 42.
AN D David a fled from Naioth in
Ramah, and came and faid before
Jonathan, bWhat have I done? what is
mine iniquity ? and what is my fin before
thy father, that he feeketh my life ?
2 And he faid unto him, c God forbid ;
thou fhalt not die : behold, my father
will do nothing either great or fmall, but
that he will * fhew it me : and why fhould
my father hide this thing from me ? it is'
not fo.
3 And David d fware moreover, and
faid, Thy father certainly knoweth that
I have found grace in thine eyes ; and he
faith, Let not Jonathan know this, left
he be grieved : but c truly, as the Lord
liveth, and as thy foul liveth, f there is
but a ftep between me and death.
4 Then faid Jonathan unto David,
E Whatfoever thy foul defireth, 1 will
even do it for thee.
5 And David faid unto Jonathan, Be
hold, to-morrow is h the new moon, and
I fhould not fail to fit with the king at
meat : but let me go, that ' I may hide
myfelf in the field unto the third day at
even. 6 If thy father at all mifs me, then fay,
David earneftly afked leave of me that
he might run to k Beth-lehem his city ;
for there is a yearly ' facrifice there for all
the family.
7 If he fay thus, 7/ is well ; thy fervant

Before Chrift
1059.

a Ch. 19. 23. 5: 2;.
26. 2 Pet. t. 9. if.
30.15. Mat. 10.23.
b Ch. 12. 3. Judg.
n. 12. Prov. 28.1.
ver, 32.

c Gen. 4.1. 7. Jofh.
22. 29. & 24. 10.

* Heb. uncover mine
car.

A Heb. 6. 16. Jer. 4,
2. Deut. 6. 13.

eCh. 25. 26. 2 Sam.
15. 21. 2 Kin. 2. 2.
ch. I. 26.
f Deut. 28. 66. 1 Cor.
15. 30. Pf. 116. 3,
11. ch. 27. 1.

gCh.l8.3.& 19.2.
Prov. 17.17. &l8.

24. ver. 17.

hNum. ro. io. &i8.
n.PI.8l.3.2Kin.
4. 23.
i Ver. 6, 19, 35, Prov,
22. 3. Sc 27. 12.

k Ch. 16. 1. John 7.
42.
1 Or feaft. Judg.
21.4.

things intended for enfnaring us the means of our relief. Women
juftly cleave to their hufbands rather than to their parents. But
how dangerous is it to begin wandering out of God's way! One
lie, or other act of fin, hardens the confeience for another. God
can eafily difarm the rage ofthe moft furious, and turn persecutors
into preachers and praifers. In danger let me therefore alwavs
cleave clofe to the Lord's faithful minifters and people : over all
the glory fhall be a defence. And let me take heed left my fpiritual
gifts or experiences fhould, like Saul's, be merely occalional, in
tended for the good of others, not for my own.

Jonathan promifes to Warn David.

I. SAMUEL.

He excufes David's abfencb.

Before Chrift
1059.

.m Gen.2.4. -49.-S: 47.
29. Jofh. z. 14.
Prov. 3. 3. 8c 17.
27. Sc 18. 24.
JlCh.18. 3.&23.18.
ver. 20.
,B Jofh. 22. 22. Pf. 7.
.4,5. ver.j.

ip Jofh. 22. 22. Ruth
1. 17. ver. 13.
q-Heb. fearched.
Prov. 20. 5. Sc 25.

H Jleb. iwronf r thine
ear.
rCb. 3.J7.&J4.44.
& 25. 22. ,2 Sam.
3- SS- & '9-T3-
a Km. 2. 23. cc 19.
z. & zo. 10.

sPhil. 2. 3. Mat. 7,
iz.ic 22. if-

1 2^am.ix. Sc XI. 7.
iGen.21. 23.

IS Heb. m». Gen. 15.
13. en. 18. 3.
x Ch. 31. 2. 2 Sam.
4. 7 & 21. 8. ch.
75. 22. Gen. 9. 5,
*. Pi". 10. 14. & 94.
1. Deut. 32. 35.
ver. 23.

y Ch. 18. r, 3. & ig.
i. 2 Sam. 1. 26.
Prov. 17. 17. &
18. 24.

S Ver. ;.

fhall have'peace : but if he be very wroth,
then be fure that evil is determined by
him. 8 Therefore thou m fhalt deal kindly
with thy fervant ; for "thou haft brought
thy fervant into a covenant of the Lord
with thee : notwithftanding, ° if there
he in me iniquity, flay me thyfelf; for
why fhouldeft thou bring me to thy
father ?
9 And Jonathan faid, Far be it from
thee : for, if I knew certainly that evil
were determined by my father to come
upon thee, then would I not tell it thee r
1 o Then faid David to Jonathan, Who
fhall tell me ? or what if thy father anfwer
thee roughly ?
1 1 5T And Jonathan faid unto David,
Come, and let us go out into the field.
And they went out both of them into the
field. 12 And Jonathan faid unto David,
p O Lord God of Ifrael, when I have
4 founded my father about to-morrow
any time, or the third day, and, behold,
if there be good toward David, and I then
fend not unto thee, and II fhew it thee ;
1 3 The r Lord do fo, and much more,
to Jonathan : but if it pleafe my father to
dcrthee evil, then I will fhew it thee, and
fend thee away, that thou mayeft go in
peace: and the sLord be with thee, as
he hath been with my father.
14 And thou fhalt not only while yet
I live fhew me the kindnefs of the Lord,
that I die not ;
15 But alfo 'thou fhalt not cut off thy
kindnefs from my houfe for ever: no, not
when the Lord hath cut off the enemies
of David every one from the face of the
earth. 1 6 So Jonathan u made a covenant with
the houfe of David, faying, x Let the
Lord even require // at the hand of
David's enemies.
17 And Jonathan caufed David to fwear
again, becaufe he loved him: for y he
loved him as he loved his own foul.
18 % And Jonathan faid to David,
* To-morrow is the new moon ; and thou

fhalt be miffed, becaufe thy feat will be
* empty. 19 And, when thou haft ftayed three
days, then thou fhalt go down f" + quickly,
and come to the place where thou didft
a hide thyfelf H when the bufinefs was
in hand, and fhalt remain by the ftone
''* Ezel. 20 And I will fhoot three arrows on
the 'fide thereof, as though I fliot at a
mark. 21 And, behold, I will fend a lad,
faying, Go, find out the arrows. If I
exprefsly fay unto the land, Behold, the
arrows are on this fide of thee, take them ;
then come thou : for there is peace to thee,
and + no hurt ; as the Lord liveth.
22 But if I fay thus unto the young
man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee ;
go thy way : for the Lord hath fent thee
away. 23 And, as touching b the matter which
thou and I have fpoken of, behold, the
Lord be * between thee and me for ever.
24 ^[ So David c hid himfelf in the field.
And when the new moon was come the
king fat him down to eat meat.
25 And the king fat upon his feat as
d at other times, even upon a feat by the
wall. And Jonathan arofe, and Abner
fat by Saul's fide, and David's place was
empty. 26 Neverthelefs, Saul fpake not any
thing that day : for he thought-, Some
thing hath befallen him, he e is not clean ;
furely he is not clean.
2 7 And it came to pafs on the morrow,
which zvas the fecond day of the month,
that David's place was empty: and Saul
faid unto Jonathan his fon, f Wherefore
cometh not the Efon of Jeffe to meat
neither yefterday nor to-day ?
28 And Jonathan h anfwered Saul,
David earneftly afked leave of me to go to
Beth-lehem :
29 And he faid, Let me go, I pray
thee ; for our family hath a facrifice in
the city, and my brother he hath com
manded me to be there.: and now, if I
have found favour,, in thine eyes, let me

Before Chrift
*Heb.mJed.f Or diligently.
t Heb. greatly,
a Ch. 19. 2.
II Heb. in the day of
the hufine.s
* Or that fheweth the
way.

f Heb. not aoy thing.

b Ver. 7—16, 42.
Ger. 31 50. &16.
5. ver. 16.

X Witnefs, orjudge.
cVer. 5. Prov, 22. 3.
& 27. 12.

d Num. 24. 1. Jiiilg-.
r6. 20. Prov. 4.17.
& 23. 6. Pf. 14. 4.

e Lev. ti. 24. S: 15.
16s 17, 19, .1.
Num. 19. 16.

fCh.18. 1 1. & 19. 9,
15, 20, 23. Prov.
30. 20.
g Ch. 22.7 — 9. Sc 25.
10. Mat. 13. 55.
h Ver. 6. Zech. 8,
16. Col. }. 9. Eph.
4.25.

David and Jonathan part.

CHAP. XX. XXI. David' procures hallowed bread, &c

Be<b-; Chrift
1059.

get away, I pray thee, and fee my bre
thren. Therefore he cometh not unto

r was kindled

the king's table.
30 Then Saul's anger
againft Jonathan; and he faid unto him,
f Or thou perverfe . V r^, J ,- ,-
rM. t ' 1 hou ion Of
iHeb. Smofpervtrfc _,.„.„„.-
«iw,.i;.-'kat.5. woman,

22. Eph. 6. 4.

John 7. 2J, 51.
I Ch. 18. 11. & 19,
10, 11.

in Ver, 19.

fore Ch.'Kt
wi

the perverfe rebellious
do not I know that thou haft
chofen the fon of Jeffe to thine own con
fufion, and unto the confufion of thy
mother's nakednefs ?
3 1 For as long as the fon of Jeffe liveth
•upon the ground thou flialt not be efta
blifhed, nor thy • kingdom. Wherefore
now fend and fetch him unto me, for he
truths I*. 1 11 fhall furely die.
32 And Jonathan anfwered Saul his
%^ £">"•'' father> and laid unt0 him> k Wherefore
fhall he be flain ? what hath he done ?
22 And Saul l caft a javelin at him to
fmite him: whereby Jonathan knew that
it was determined of his father to flay
David. 34 So Jonathan arofe from the table in
fierce anger, and did eat no meat the
fecond day of the month: for he was
grieved for David, becaufe his father had
done him fhame.
25 % And it came to pafs in the morn
ing that Jonathan went out into the
field, raat the time appointed with David,
and a little lad with him.
36 And he faid unto his lad, Run, find
out now the arrows which I fhoot. And
* tit ByllreTo- as the lad ran he fhot an arrow + beyond
kens Dav-d was K *
warned of Ms dan- 11 1 Ell •
2f And, when the lad was come to the
place of the arrow which Jonathan had t,
fhot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and
faid, Is not the arrow beyond thee ?
38 And Jonathan cried after the lad,
Makefpeed, hafte, ftay not. And Jona
than's lad gathered up the arrows, and
came to his mafter.
39 But the lad knew not any thing :

only Jonathan and David knew the
matter. 40 And Jonathan gave his * artillery *EA i"™-"-
unto this Tad; and laid unto him? Go,. * Heh-'i* ""•"
carry them to the city.
41 \ And as foon as the lad was gone-
David arofe out of a place toward the
fouth, and fell on his face to the ground,
and bowed himfelf three times; n and n ^affcc'Sf:
it.
they kifled one another, and wept one
with another, until David "exceeded. °&6T *<**&'£'¦
42 And Jonathan find to David, Ga
. ' Y r - 1 I r p Num. 6.26. If. 26..
p 111 peace, * foralmuch as we have fworn ^ffffif^
both of us in the name of the Lord, 4-7'
favine:, The Lord be between me and «[» <* ith«. "
J o' 1 /- t which we hav*
thee, and between my feed and thy feed >"'«•
for ever. 1 And he arofe and departed u q-ch^^
and Jonathan went into the city.
CHAP. XXI.
Alas! that, when David has taken his final leave of
Saul's court, and is become a diftreffed outlaw, we-
fhould find him ( i ) Impgfing upon Abimelech the-
high prieft, in order to obtain facred viclaals for him—
felf and his attendants, and Goliath' s fword for him-
felf; 1 — 9. (2) Impofmg upon Achifh the Phili-.
fine, king of Gath ; and feigning himfelf mad, inr
order to efcape danger ; IO — 15.

THEN came David to aNob h to '^'S&V£
Ahimelech the prieft. And Ahi- ^.^j^
melech c was afraid at the meeting of '*
1 • -it 71 I c Ch. 16. 4. Mat..
David, and laid unto him, Why art thou. «-s-
alone, and no man with thee? dc.2„.,Pf.j,?,.
2 And David d faid unto Ahimelech &£y£#£
the prieft, The king hath commanded.
me a bufinefs, and hath faid unto me,,
Let no man know any thing of the bufi
nefs whereabout I fend thee, and what.
J have commanded thee : and I have
appointed my fervants to fuch and fuch a.
place. 3 Now therefore what is under thine
hand ? give me five loaves of bread in.mine
hand, or what there is * prefent.. » Heb. /«»&¦.
4 And the prieft anfwered David, and,
faid, There is no common bread, under -

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — How great is the value and
ufefulnefs of a true friend, efpecially in a time of diftrefs and dan
ger !' The greateft difmtereftednefs of affection is implied in cor
dial friendfhip — it extends to pofterity as well as to its immediate
objects. When influenced by it, we cannot endure the.fhadow of
what might produce a feparation ; and can more readily be abufed
curfelyes than have our friend ill treated.. Great patience, meek

nefs, and prudence, are neceffary when we have to deal with foul-
mouthed, malicious, and unreafonable men. And with what tender-
and folemn concern fhould friends part, in. view of having their.
next meeting in eternity ! But moft. neceffary is a conftant cleaving;
to Jefus Chrift, and his everlafting covenant,, as alLour.falvatiQn„
and all our defire..

David flies to Achijh. t SAMUEL..
mine hand, but there is e hallowed bread ;
if the young men have kept themfelves

David forms a band for felf defence.

Before Chrift
1058.

e iixod. 75, xi. Lev,
24. 5. Mat. 12. 4- . 1 n.
ver. 6. at leaft

fExod. 19.15. Lev.
15.18. 1 Cor. 7. 5.

f from women,
5 And David anfwered the prieft, and
faid unto him, Of a truth, women have
been kept from us about thefe three days
fince I came out, and the B veffels of the
young men are holy, and the bread is h in
a manner common, yea, though it were
fancfified this day in the veffel.
6 So the prieft l gave him hallowed
bread ; for there was no bread there but
the fhew-bread that was taken from be-
kuv.24.8. Exod. fore tne lORDj to pUt k hot bread in the
day when it was taken away.
Now a certain man of the. fervants

g Bodies. AAs-tj. T$.
2 Co . 4.7. 1 Thef
4.1,4. 1 Pet. 3.7
aiiui. 2. 21.
h Mat. 12. j, 4, 7.

i Mark 2. 25. Luke
6. j. Mat. it. 4.

Before Chrift
1058.

[ Jer. 7. 9, 10. If. 1.
j5.Tit. 1. 16. Mat.

7

1

detained

of Saul was there that day,
& « thesta-" before the Lord; and his name was
riled1; but0 he O ra Does:, an Edomite, the chiefeft of the
no love to God's t> " '
ordinance*. herdmen that belonged to Saul.
mlc c£.utle' I-7' 8 % And David faid unto Ahimelech,
And is there not here under thine hand
fpear or fword ? for I have neither brought
my fword nor my weapons with me,
becaufe the king's bufinefs required hafte.
nch.17.2-51,54. 9 And the prieft faid, The n fword
of Goliath the Philiftine, whom thou
fleweft in the valley of Elah, behold, it
is here wrapt in a cloth behind the
ephod: if thou wilt take that, take it:
for there is no other fave that here. And
David faid, There is none like that ; give
it me. 10 f And David arofe, and ° fled that
day for fear of Saul, and went to Achifh
the king of Gath.
1 1 i^nd the p fervants of Achifh faid
unto him, Is not this David the king of
the land ? did they not fing one to an
other of him in dances, faying, Saul hath
flain his thoufands, and David his ten
thoufands ?

1 2 And David q laid up thefe words in
his heart, and r was fore afraid of Achifh q Luke 2. 19, 5i'. "
the king of Gath. ' °en' *'7' pr»-
iq And he 5 changed his behaviour spf. 34- title. p«,v,
O o p , _ . 29. 25.
before them, and feigned himfelf mad in
their hands, and + fcrabbled on the doors tor madams
of the gate, and let his fpittle fall down
upon his beard.
14 Then faid Achifh unto his fervants,
Lo, ye fee the man *is mad: wherefore *%*£%?"*
then have ye brought him to me ?
15 Have I need of madmen, that ye
have brought this fellow to play the mad
man in my prefence ? fhall this fellow
come into my houfe ? •
CHAP. XXII.
Driven from Achifh, David efcapes to the cave of
Adullam, where he forms a fmall army of his rela
tions and others for his defence; i, 2. (2) Retir
ing fill eaftward into the land of Moab, he commits
his aged parents to the proteclion of the king of it ;
3, 4 ; while himfelf, dire£led by God, returns to the
land of Judah, and lurks in a wood; 5. (3) Hear
ing where he was, Saul complains to his courtiers
and guards that none of them had informed him of a
treafonable plot between David and Jonathan ; 6 — 8.
(4) Doeg, the Edomite, immediately informs him
that Abimelech the high priefi had prayed for David,
given him vicluals, and the fword of Goliath; 9, 10,
(5) Ahimelech is fent for, and, notwithftanding his
manifeft innocence, is condemned; and Doeg, by Saul's
order, murders him and eighty -five other priefts,
with all the inhabitants of Nob, except Abiathctr, who
efcaped to David; 11 — 23.
TXAYID therefore

01 Kin. 19. 3.Pf. 34.
title. Mat. 10. 23.
ch. 27.2. Sc 20.1.

p Pf. 56. title, ch.
18. -J..&C 29. 5.

a Pf. 34. title. 1.
2. & 56. 3.
bjofh. 12.15. 2 Sam.
23. 13, 14- Pf- 142,
title, ileb. 11. 38.

departed thence,
and efcaped to the bcave Adullam:
and, when his brethren and all his father's
houfe heard it, they went down thither
to him.2 And every one c that was in diftrefs,
and every one that d was in debt, and dH,mw««*r».
every one that was c difcontented, gathered Mat' ,3' *7'
, J r , , . 111 e Heb. bitter of foul.
themfelves unto him; and he became a "'¦38.8.&5S-8-
f ,,nf,;„ «™.^<.m . nnA *w~ „,«.. „,:*u {Ct%-;?:^ 14. Mat. 11.28. &
lH. 11. John 7.4a.
1 Cor. 1. 16, 27.

c Judj . 11. 3. Mat.
11. 28.

captain over them : and there were with
him about four hundred men.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — High ftations are flippery
places. Often a perfon is fcarcely fixed in when he is driven from
them. How weak are the beft of men when left to themfelves ;
and how unreafonable therefore to be fecure or felf-conndent !
We know not what temptations are before us, or how weak we
are to refift them.' God will have mercy, and not facrifice: and
what we have devoted to his honour may become the means of
our proteclion.' But,- even in the houfe of God Satan. has his fpies,
who come pretending to worfhip, but are fent by him for mifchief.

Oppreffion fometimes, makes a wife man mad; and the fear of man
caufeth a fnare. But in every trial God can open a way for our
efcape, and make even our enemies inftruments of our deliverance.
In diftrefs let me flee to God's fancluary, where I may have fpiri
tual armour, comfort, and direction. However providence alter
my lot, let me always retain my Chriftian candour : and, if my
troubles be great, let ftrong faith and prudent circumfpedtion attend
me, not craftinefs or diffimularioo.

Doeg accufes Ahimelech) and murders

CHAP. XXII.

the priefls. Abiathar only efcapes.

Before Chrift
JO58.
g Nor ch. 7. 5. nor
Gen. 31. 49.
h Ruth 1. 4. & 4. 10,
22. ch. 14. 47.
i Gen. 47. 11, a.
Jjcod. 20. 12,

ic 2 Sim. 24. II.
1 chr. 21. tj.tcig.
29.
I Phil. 4. 8. Pf. 84.
jo. Sc 73. 25.
Deut. 8, 2,

rri Or grove in a high ru
place. With ch. 7,
17. Sc 19. 18.

n ch. ta. 17, 30. & mifrps •
25- 10. Se 3. 14. "UtCO j

'•On 18. 3. &19. 1.
& 20. 7—17, 41,
42..

3 f And David went thence to s Miz
peh of Moab : and he faid unto the h king
of Moab, ' Let my father and my mother,
I pray thee, come forth, and be with you,
till I know what God will do for me.
4 And he brought them before the
king of Moab : and they dwelt with him
all the while that David was in the hold.
5 f And the k prophet Gad faid unto
David, Abide not in the hold ; l depart,
and get thee into the land of Judah.
Then David departed, and came into the
foreft of Hareth.
6 5[ When Saul heard that David was
difcovered, and the men that were with
him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a
tree in Ramah, having his fpear in his
hand, and all his fervants were ftanding
about him,)
7 Then Saul faid unto his fervants that
ftood about him, Hear now, ye Benja-
Will n the fon of Jeffe give every
one of you fields and vineyards, and make
you all captains of thoufands and captains
of hundreds ;
8 That all of you have confpired
me, and there is none that fheweth

ag: me

league

that my fon hath made a
with the fon of Jeffe, and there is none
of you that is forry for me, or fheweth
unto me that my fon hath ftirred up my
fervant againft me to lie in wait as at this
-day? 9 % Then p anfwered Doeg the Edom
ite, who was fet over the fervants of
and faid, I faw the fon of Jeffe
coming to Nob to Ahimelech the fon of
Ahitub.
* iS- v£ . IO And he q squired of the Lord for
him; and gave him vicfuals, and gave
him the fword of Goliath the Philiftine.
1 1 Then the king r fent to call Ahi
melech the prieft, the fon of Ahitub, and
all his father's houfe, the priefts that were
in Nob : and they came all of them to the
king. 12 And Saul faid, Hear now, thou
fon of Ahitub. And he anfwered, "Here
I am, my lord.
13 And Saul faid unto him,

B Pf. ei. title, 1—4,
& 120. 2 — 4. &
140. 3, n. Jer. 9.
3. Ezek. 22. 9.
Prov. 29. 12. Sc (-, ,
39- s. 9- «h- «• 1 baul,

I2.&70rjJ.

1 Rom. 3. 15. Pf. j.
6, 9. lf.59.7. Prov.
i »5> 10- * 4, 16.

1 Hek. Behold me.

• Ver. 8—10. Pf.
119. 69.
Vol. I.

Why

thou and

Before Chrift
1058.

given

t Ve-. •
*7i 3':

1 — 0 cl. 20.
'. & CC. IC.

Luke 23.

have ye confpired againft me,
the 'fon of Jeffe, in that thou haft
him bread 'and a fword, and haft in
quired of God for him, that he fhould
rife asrainft me to lie in wait as at this
day ?
1 4 Then Ahimelech anfwered the king,
" and faid, And who is fo faithful among "^t9-
all thy fervants as David, who is the
king's fon-in-law, and x goeth at thy lCh'",i
bidding, and is honourable in thine
houfe ?
1 5 * Did I then begin to inquire of
God for him ? be it far from me : let not
the king impute any thing unto his fer
vant, nor to all the houfe of my father :
for thy fervant knew nothing of all this,
I" lefs or more.
16 And the king faid, ? Thou fhalt
furely die, Ahimelech, thou and z all thy
father's houfe.
xy <f[ And the king faid unto the
* II footmen that ftood about him, Turn %0fi*mri-
and flay the priefts of the Lord ; becaufe
their a hand alfo is with David, and "j^s.'1
becaufe they knew when he fled, and did
not fhew it to me. But the fervants of
the king h would not put forth their hand Ej™&V^ar°i£
to fall upon the priefts of the Lord.
18 And the king faid to Doeg, Turn
thou, and fall upon the priefts. And
c Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell
upon the priefts,- and flew on that day
fourfcore and five perfons that did d wear
a linen ephod.
1 9 And e Nob, the city of the priefts,

No, I have often
done it, when he
was occupied in.
your fervice.

f Heb. little tr p-tat.
y Exod. 1. 12, 15.
EfHi. 3. 8,9. Met.
a. l6. Afts 12.1,2a
Prov. 28. 15. *
Zeph. 3. 3.
z Ch. z. 30. — 33. &
3. 12,. 14. Exftd.
20. 5.

13.5.

cPf. 52, T— 4,,&
cxx. ch. 2. 31,3s*

d E*xod. ;

. 40. 'ch.

e Ver. g. ch. 21. 1-
Neh. 11.32, If. iq*
32-

f ch.

8:

9. 2 Kin,

fmote he with the edge of the fword,
( both men and women, children anil
fucklings, and oxen, and affes, and flieep,
with the edge of the fword.
20 <|[ And E one of the fons of Ahime
lech the fon of Ahitub, named h Abiathar,
efcaped, and fled after David. .
21 And Abiathar fhewed David that
Saul had flain the Lord's priefts.
22 And David faid unto Abiathar, I
knew // that day, when Doeg the Edom
ite was there, that he would furely tell
Saul: I have occafioned x the death of all ! '£# "'cl"if'
the perfons of thy father's houfe.
Kkk

gCh.ft.g4,;]. 'Kin,
z. 32. ch. 23. 6.
h Vcriar,22. ch.'ij,
.6, 9; & 30. 7.
% Sam. 8. jy. &
20.25. iKin..i.7,
& 2, 22, 26, 27,
Mark 2. 16. .

David delivers Keilah

I. SAMUEL.

end efcapes from thence.

Before Chrift
1058.
fH<sl>.foul.

23 Abide thou with me; fear not : for
he that feeketh my + life feeketh thy life :
but with me thou fhalt be in fafeguard.

CHAP.

XXIII.

T

a Jofh. 15. 44.

Drunk with the blood of the priefis, Saul continues to
perfecute David. ( I ) Direcled by God, but difcou-
raged by his attendants, David ferves Saul and his
kingdom, in delivering Keilah from the Philiftines ;
1 — 6. (2) While Saul attempts to feize him, the
Keilitcs had ungratefully betrayed him if the Lord
had not warned him to leave their city; 7 — 13.
( 3 ) Jonathan vifits him in the wood of Ziph, and
encourages him in the Lord; 14—18. (4) The
Ziphites inform Saul concerning David, and he
marches in purfuit of him; 19 — 25. (5) When
Saul was upon the point of apprehending David, an
invafion of the Philiflines diverts his purfuit, and
David efcapes ; 26 — 29.
HEN they told David, faying, Be
hold, the Philiftines fight againft
Keilah, and they rob the threfhing-
Mum. 27.21. Judg. fl^f-.f.Q
1. 1, ijihr. 14. io. noora.
2 Therefore David b inquired of the
Lord, faying, Shall I go and fmite thefe
Philiftines ? And the Lord faid unto
David, Go, and fmite the Philiftines, and
fave Keilah.
2 And David's men faid unto him, Be
hold, c we be afraid here in Judah ; how
much more then if we come to Keilah
againft the armies of the Philiftines ?
4 Then David d inquired of the Lord
yet again. And the Lord anfwered
him, and faid, Arife, go down to Keilah ;
fori will deliver the Philiftines into thine
hand. 5 So David and his men went to Keilah,
and fought with the Philiftines, and
away their cattle, and fmote

Ezra 8. 21. Jer.
10. 23. Prov. 3.5,

C Ver. IJ, 23, 26.

d See ver, 2. Judg. 6.
39. 2 >an. 5. 19,
-23 with ch. 8. 26.
By the Lord's
TeaUily anftvcring
David, and not
Saul, he marked
the one us his
elected king, and
. '. the otocr as re
jected.

fought
brought

them with a great
faved the inhabitants of Keilah.

flaughter.

So David

6 And it earne to pafs, when Abiathar
the fon of Ahimelech e fled to David to
Keilah, that he came down with an
t ephod in his hand.
7 5[ And it was told Saul that David
was come to Keilah. And Saul faid, f God
hath delivered him into mine hand ; for
he is fhut in by entering into a town that
hath gates and bars.
8 And Saul called all the people toge
ther to war, to go down to Keilah, to
befiege David and his men.
9 % And David knew that Saul fecretly
pract ifed mifchief againft him ; and he
faid to Abiathar the prieft, g Bring hither
the ephod.
10 Then faid David, O Lord God of
Ifrael, thy fervant hath certainly heard
that Saul feeketh to "come to Keilah, to
h deftroy the city for my fake.
1 1 Will the men of Keilah deliver me
up into his hand ? will Saul come down
as thy fervant hath heard ? O Lord God
of Ifrael, I befeech thee, tell thy fervant.
And ' the Lord faid, He will come
down. 1 2 Then faid David, Will the men of
Keilah * deliver me and my men into the
hand of Saul ? And the Lord faid, They
will deliver thee up.
13 ^f Then David and his men, kwho
were about fix hundred, arofe and de
parted out of Keilah, and went whither-
foever they Could go. And it was told
Saul that David was efcaped from Keilah ;
and he forbare to go forth.
14 And David abode in- the wildernefs
in ftrong holds, and remained l in a
mountain in the wildernefs of Ziph. And

Before Chrift
1058. -
e Ch. 22. 20, Exod,
28. 30. Num. 27.
21.
t Which, it feems,
had tne Urim and.
Thurnmim.
f Exod. 15, 9. Sc M,
j. Pf. 71. u.

g Ntutl. 27. 21. oft,
jo. 7. fee ver. 2, 4.

h Ch. 22. 19. E!th. j>
6. Prov. 2)3. T5.
Pf. 44. 22. John tf..
22. Acts 5. 41.

i Mat. 7. 7. Pf. 59.
15. with ver. 14-

* Heb. fiiut up.

k Ch.22. 1,2. i-2f»
li.8cze.tz.8cl1*
2. Sc 30. 9.

1 Jofh. 15. 21, 55 . PC.
11. 1. Obad. 3.

Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — What terrible difafters
attend earthly promotions ! But God will certainly take care that
his perfecuted people may always have fome friends : and fuch as
fuffer with them fhall be glorified together ! Yea, God often puts
the greateft honour upon the moft unlikely obje&s. And Jefus
will in no wife caft out any that come to him. How unfettled is
the life of the faints on earth ! and often their trials are referved for
old age, when there is leaft ftrength to endure them. But ic bodes
well when children prefer the fafety of their parents to their own ;
and when in trials we expedl good at the Lord's hand, and rea-
.dily take the advice of his fervants. How jealoufy torments a
man's felf with its groundlefs fufpicions! It reprefents the moft
faithful as feditious, and accufes them of meditating the worft de

figns. It is very unfafe to truft to wicked men : our moft bene-i
volent actions may by them be turried into the worft of crimes ;
and truth may be reported in a manner more malignant than grofs
calumny and falfehood. But generous is that mind which will not
hurt the character of another, even when truth admits and fafety
requires it. What a terrible plague is a tyrannical king! What
barbarous monfters do fome render themfelves ! JSut it is painful
to a good man to be in any wife the occafion of mifchief to others.
Here likewife let us obferve that, even through this wickednefs
and rage of Saul, God exactly fulfils his threatenings againft Eli }
and deftroys the remnant of his houfe. Let us wonder at the
depths of his .providence, and the faithfulnefs of his word !

The Ziphites betray David

CHAP. XXIII. XXIV.

their friend. David efcapes.

Before Chrift
1058.
a Ch. 27. I. Prov.
I. 16. & 4. 16. If.
59-7-

24. 20,
r Ch. 20. 16, 17. Sc
18.3-

a Ch. 26. I. Pf. 54.
ith

m Saul fought him every day, " but God
delivered him not into his hand.
1 5 And David faw that Saul was come
tt7°i?ro*;.H.^'.3i.-: out to feek his life : and David was in
46. j,4.2Coi.i. ^j^ ^idernefs of Ziph in a wood.
16 And Jonathan Saul's fon arofe,
and went to David into the wood, and
•ItiEK: Heb! ° ftrengthened his hand in God.
17 And he faid unto him, Fear not;
' llkl^'i for the hand of Saul my father p fhall not
find thee; and thou fhalt be king over
Ifrael, and I fhall be next unto thee ; and
^ch.^'kll:5* that alfo * Saul my father knoweth.
18 And r they two made a covenant
before the Lord : and David abode in
the wood, and Jonathan went to his
houfe. 1 9 5f Then s came up the Ziphites to
<h.m-7-mk-7-s. Saul to Gibeah, faying, Doth not David
hide himfelf with us in ftrong holds in
the wood» in the hill of Hachilah, which
fTaldmih'"s'"' is + on the fouth of + Jefhimon ?
tor ne wiidemef,. 2Q now therefore, O king, comedown
according to all the defire of thy foul to
m^ithetomethu.. come down; and-H our part fhall be to
deliver him into the king's hand.
* fci.-zl.'F M' 2 1 And Saul faid, £ Bleffed be ye of the
Lord ; for ye have compaffion on me.
22 Go, I pray you, prepare yet, and
^fctfTfuls'i, know and fee his place where his "haunt
M' is, and who hath feen him there : for it
is told me that he dealeth very fubtilly.
23 See therefore, and take knowledge
of all the lurking places where he hideth
himfelf, and come ye again to me with
the certainty, and I will go with you : and
it fhall come to pafs, if he be in the land,
16. & 4. that I x will fearch him out throughout
all the thoufands of Judah.
24 And they arofe, and went to Ziph

3t Prov. 16. Rom. 3. 15, 16.

Bcfi re Chrifl
1058.

z 1 Chr. 20. rt.
2 Cor. 1.8. Pf. 50.
15. & 91. 15.
cy a Gen. 22. rd. Deut.
meiienger 32. g. r2*. >*.
16. pi. 116.3,4.
Luke 4. 2.9, 30.
1 Heb. fpread them*
jtdvts u/ony &c*

before Saul : but David and his men were _
in the ? wildernefs of Maon, in the plain, yj°fl>. -s- 55. oh.
on the fouth of Jefhimon.
25 Saul alfo and his men went to feek
him. And they told David : wherefore he
came down into a rock, and abode in the
wildernefs of Maon. And, when Saul
heard that, he purfued after David in the
wildernefs of Maon.
26 And Saul went on this fide of the
mountain, and David and his men on that
fide of the mountain: and David made
hafte to get away for fear of Saul ; for
Saul and his men * compafled David and
his men round about to take them.
27 % * But there came a
unto Saul, faying, Hafte thee, and come;
for the Philiftines have * invaded the
land. 28 Wherefore Saul returned from pur-
fuing after David, and went againft the
Philiftines : therefore they called that place
f Sela-hammahlekoth. 29 ^[ And David went up from thence,
and dwelt in ftrong holds at b En-
C H A P. XXIV.
Obferve here ( I ) How malicioufly Saul, notwithftand
ing his former df appointments, fill feeks David's
life; 1, 2. (2) How generoufly, notwithftanding
manifold provocations, David faves Saul's life ; and
only cuts off his fkirt, as a token that he had him in
his power; 3 — 7. (3) How pathetically David
reafons with Saul, man'tfefiing his own fidelity and
affeclion, in order to bring him to a better temper ;
8 — 15. (4) How deeply Saul is convinced of his
own wickednefs, and of David's virtue and future
honour; 16 — 22.
AND it came to pafs, when Saul was
returned from a* following the Phi- * ^ht J>Z.
liftines, that it was told him., faying,.!;!' ,
. - D 7 * Hebt afttr* '
Behold, David is in the wildernefs of
En-gedi.

gedi.

t That is, The ra*
0/ divifions.

b Gen. 14.7. 2 Chr.
20. 2. Songii- 14.
jolh. is- 61. Ezelc.
4;. 10. ch. 24. 1, 2.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — No wonder that God's
enemies invade his land when his people are perfecuted in it. God
wifely dir&fts his favourite fervants where he has work for them :
and never are men fo likely to profper as when they confult the
Lord in all their ways.. If he direct us, no ill ufage from the dif-
trefled, or difcouragement from our friends, muft make us with
hold our help. The worft defigns are often covered" with fair
pretexts ; and the appearances of providence are imagined tokens
of God's approbation ; while even good men are hated for their
moft ufeful fervices, and evil minded wretches are ready to betray
their moft cordial and noted benefactors. But God knows how
to deliver the godly out of temptation, and to difappoint the fecret

purpofes of their enemies. And what a mercy is it to have a
pious, felf-denying, and conftant friend, to vifit and comfort us in
our diftrefs ! But what muft Jefus be, when Jonathan is fo kind
and faithful ! And what muft heaven be, where we fhall meet with
all the kind angels, and kind fpirits of juft men made perfect; and_
with the infinitely kinder Father, Son, and Holy Ghoft! Let my
new covenant friendfhip with thefe be renewed day by day! Be
hold, how men's malice renders them miferable ; and how ready
brethren of the fame tribe are to. betray us ! But God in his provi
dence interpofes for the relief of his people v/hen their danger is at
the greateft. Fear not then, my foul, — only believe, and thou flialt
fee the glory of God.
Kkki

David faves Saul's life, and cuts off ¦ I. SAMUEL. hisfkkt. Saul jufltfes David's eonduB,

Before Chrift
1058.
bCh. 13. 1.&22. %.
2 Sam. 27. I. Pf.
38. 12.

e Jmlg. 3, 24.
d Pf. Ivii. & 142.
title, ver, 7.

eCh. 26. 8.

2 Then Saul b took three thoufand
chofen men out of all Ifrael, and went to
feek David and his men upon the rocks
ofthe wild goats.
2 And he came to the fheepcotes by
the way, where was a cave ; and Saul
v went in to cover his feet : and d David
and his men remained in the fides of the
cave. ,-
4 And the men of David faid unto him,
'Behold the day of which the Lord faid
unto thee, Behold, I will deliver thine
enemy into thine hand, that thou mayeft
do to him as it fhall feem good unto thee.
Then David arofe, and cut off the fkirt
of + Saul's robe privily.
5 And it came to pafs afterward, that
f David's heart fmote him becaufe he had
cut off Saul's fkirt.
6 And he faid unto his men, g The
Lord forbid that I fhould do this thing
unto my mafter the Lord's anointed, to.
ftretch forth mine hand againft him,
feeing he is the anointed of the Lord.
7 So David + h ftayed his fervants with
»ch.i6.9.&25.33i tjjefe words, and fuffered them not to rife
againft Saul. But Saul rofe up out of the
cave, and went on his way.
8 % David alfo arofe afterward, and
went out of the cave, and cried after Saul,
faying, My lord the king ! And, when
Saul looked behind him, David ftooped
with his face to the earth, and bowed
himfelf. 9 And David faid to Saul, " Where
fore heareft thou men's words, faying,
Behold, David feeketh thy hurt ?
10 Behold, this day thine eyes have
feen how that the Lord had delivered
thee to-day into mine hand in the cave :
and kfome bade me kill thee ; but mine eye
fpared thee ; and I faid, I will not put
forth mine hand againft my lord, for he
is the Lord's anointed.
1 1 Moreover, l my father, fee, yea,
fee the fkirt of thy robe in my hand :
for in that I cut off the fkirt of thy robe,
and killed thee not, know thou and fee

f Heb. the role
which was SauVs.

f 2 Sam. 12. 9. &24.
jo. 2 Kin, 22. 19.

g Ch. 26. 9, 11. Mat.
5. 44. Rom. 12. 17
—19. &6. 1.

% Heb. tut of.

JProv. J6.28.& 17-
9. & 25.23. Pf.
101.5. J Cor, 13. 4.

fcVcr. 4. ch. 16. S.
ver. 4, 6-

1 Prov. 15. 1. 2 Tinr
%.C.c. Mat. II.29,

¦jBefore Chrift
- 1058.

that* m there is neither evil nor tranfgref-
fion in mine hand, and I have not, finned
againft thee ; yet thou n hunteft my foul
to take it.
1 2 The ° Lord judge between me and
thee, and the Lord avenge me of thee :
but mine hand fhall not be upon thee.
13 As faith the proverb of the an
cients, p Wickednefs proceedeth from the
wicked : but i mine hand fhall not be
upon thee.
14 After whom is rthe king of Ifrael ^"^¦^m.
come out ? after whom doft thou purfue ?
after s a dead dog, after a flea.
1 5 The Lord therefore ' be judge, and
judge between me and thee, and fee,
and plead my caufe, and + deliver me out
of thine hand.
16 % And it came to pafs, when Da
vid had made an end of fpeaking thefe
words unto Saul, that Saul faid, "Is this
thy voice, my fon David ? and Saul lifted
up his voice, and x wept.
1 7 And he faid to David, * Thou art
more righteous than I; for thou haft
rewarded me good, whereas I have re
warded thee evil.
1 8 And thou haft fhewed this day how
that thou haft dealt well with me : foraf-
much as, when the Lord had * deli- •***"*
vered me into thine hand, thou killedft
me not.
1 9 For if a man find his enemy, will
he let him go well away ? wherefore the
Lord reward thee good for that thou
haft done unto me this day.
20 And now, behold, z I know well
that thou fhalt furely be king, and that
the kingdom of Ifrael fhall be eftablifhed
thine hand.

ro Ch. 26. 18. Pf. 35,
7. Jphn 15. 25.
Prov. 1. II.
n Ch. 26. 23. Gen.
10. 9. ver. 2. Prov,
24.11,12.
o Judg. II. 27. Pf,
35. I. & 94. 1.
Rom. 12. 19. Rev,
6. 10. Gen. 16. 5.

p Exod. ji. 13, BC
7. 16. Sc 9. 15, 16,
Sc 10. z. Prov. 5,
22. & I. 31.
, q Job 5. 8. Rom, 12,
19. ch. 26, 9.

»2Sam.;. 8. Sees. 8.
ch. 26. 20.
t Gen. j6. 5. iChr.
24. 22. Pf. 43. 1.
Mic. 7. 9.
t Heb. judge.

a Ch. 26. 17. Prow
15. 1.

x With Deut. 8. 15,
Pf. J14. 8. Gen.
33-4-
y Mat. 5. aa. Rom.
12. 20. ch. 2tj. 21..
Pf. 37. 6. Sc 7. 4.
Mic. 7. S, 9.

z Ch. 40. 30, ji. &
23. 17. with ch.
13. 14. & ij. z&

in 21 " Swear now therefore unto me by
the Lord that thou wilt not cut off my
me, and that thou wilt not
out of my father's

aGen. 31,44— 5£»
21. 23. en. 20. 14
—1.7. Heb. 6. 16.

feed after
deftroy my name
houfe. 22 And David fware unto Saul
Saul went home

And

but David and his men bMat.w. i6.EPh.
1 , 1111 5- 'S- P'ov. 22. 3.
gat them up " unto the hold. ]) & *7- j*. John ».

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — Reftlefs is the malice
of wicked men : but God can bring us very near to danger, and

yet keep us in perfect, fafety. And eafily can he deliver up his
enemies into the hand of the weakeft' of nis people. How falfely

Sftmuel dies. Nabal' s wealth.

CHAP. XXV.

.Nabal abufe s David' 's fervants.

Before Chrift
cir. 1057,

CHAP. XXV.
While, to Ifrael's grief, Samuel dies, David is trou
bled by Nabal. Here is ( 1 ) The character of Na ¦
bed and his wife ; 2, 3. (2) David's fitpplica-
tion for part of the vicluals which Nabal had pre
pared for bis fheep-fhearing feaft ; 4 — 9. (3) The
churlifh and provoking anfwer Nabal returned to
David's meffengers; ip — 12. (4) The high re-
fentment whiph David in his rage vowed againft
Nabal and his family; 13, 2r, 22, 34. (5) In
formed by her fervants, Abigail, by her fenfible ad-
drefs and agreeable prefent, pacifies David; 14^
35. (6) Nabal dies; and Abigail and Ahinoam
are married to David.
AND a Samuel died ; and all the Ifrael
ites were gathered together, and
lamented him, and buried him in his
houfe at Ramah. And David arofe, and
went down to the b wildernefs of Paran.
2 % And there was a man in Maon,
c whofe * poffefiions were in d Carmel ;
and the man was very great; and he had
three thoufand fheep and a thoufand
goats : and he was fhearing his fheep in
Carmel. 2 Now the name of the man was
Naba), and the name of his wife Abigail :
•£0V;V",0"I! a*id fhe was 'a, woman of good under-
ftanding, and of a beautiful countenance ;
*ir.32.5,7.i'fio.3. but the man l was churlifh and evil in
his doings ; and he was of the houfe of
•^.•ch'r50;^ * Caleb. 4 ^[ And David heard in the wilder
nefs that Nabal did h fhear his fheep.
5 And David fent out ten young men ;
and David faid unto the young men, Get
you up to Carmel, and go to Nabal, and
1 greet him in my name.
6 And thus fhall ye fay to him that
liveth in profperity , Peace be both to -thee,
and peace be to thine houfe, and peace be
unto all that thou haft.
7 And now I have heard that thou

ach.28. 3. Gen.50.
11. Num. 20. 29.
Deut. 34. 8. Prov.
' 16. 7. '

b Gen. 14. g. Sc 21.
21. Num. 13. 3,21,
26. Southward of
Canaan.
ePT. i7-M-&7!-3>
4. Job I. 3. & 21.
13. 2 Sam. 19. 32.
& 13. 23. Gen. 38.
13. Pf. 144. 13-
zKill. 3. 4.
* Or bufinefs.
c) Not that Jofh. 19,
26, 1 Kin. 18. 19.
but ch. 15. 12.
Jofh. 15- 5S-

li Gen. 38. 12, 13.
z Sam. 13.23, 24

3 Heb, ask him in my
limine ofpeice. Gen.
43. 23. Lulce 10.
5. ch. 13. 10. ver.
14-

haft fhearers : now thy fhepherds which
were with us we k hurt them not, nei
ther was there ought miffing unto them,
all the while they were in Carmel.
8 Afk thy young men, and they will
fhew thee : wherefore let the young men
find favour in thine eyes : for we come
in ' a good day : give, I pray thee, what
foever cometh to thine hand unto thy
fervants, and to thy fon David.
9 And when David's young men came
they fpake to Nabal according to all
thofe words in the name of David, and
+ ceafed. 10 <|[ And Nabal anfwered David's fer
vants, and faid, m Who is David? and
who is the fon of Jeffe ? There n be many
fervants now-a-days that break away
every man from his mafter.
1 1 Shall I then take " my bread and
my water, and my " flefh that I have
killed for my fhearers, p and give it unto
men whom I know not whence they bet
1 2 So David's young men * turned their
way, and went again, and came and told
him all thofe fayings.
1 2 And David faid unto his men, r Gird
ye on every man his fword. And they
girded on every man his fword; and

•Before .Chrift
I°57»
k Lulce 3. 14. 1 Pet.
3. 8. ver. 15, 21.
Rom. 12. 17. Phil.
4.8.

David alfo girded on his fword

and

I Efth. 9. 19. Dent. 12.
12, 18. Sc 14. 26.
Neh. 8.10. i.e. the
nay of the (heep-
fhearing (eaft.
Gen. 38. 12, 13.
2 Sam. 13. 23, 24,

t Heb. rejei.

m Exod. 5. z. Ft. 7 j.
7,8. & 123. 3,4.
ch. 22. 9, 10. &
zo. 39.
n Ch. 22, 2.

o Judg. 8. 6. Deut.
8. 17. Job 31. 17.
Gen. 21. 25. & 26.
16.
II Heb. flaughter.
pEccl. 11.1,2. Gal.
6. 10.
q Mat, 7. 6. If. 36.

r Ch ,'24. 6. & st5.ro.'
Rom, 11. 19,

5 Ch. 21. 1, 2. Sc ij.
13. Sc 27. z. Sc 30.
9,10.

there went up after David about four
hundred men ; and two hundred abode
by the ftufF. •
14 ^[ But one of the young men told
Abigail, Nabal's wife, faying, Behold,
David -fent meffengers out of the wilder
nefs to faluteour mafter; and he * railed &*#•> *"**
on them.
15 But the men were 'very good
unto us, and we were not "" hurt, neither »Heb.Jw<i.
miffed we any thing as long as we were

t Ver. 7, 12. Phil. i.
15.C0I.4. 5. Mat.
5.16.

Tafh men mifinterpret the promifes and providences of God! But
we niuft not avenge our own quarrels, nor take all the advantages
againft our enemies which providence pufs in our hand ; but: rather
feek to overcome them with patience and kindnefs. If temptations
come to us in a pleafing form, we muft -flee from them; our con
feience muft ftart, not only at evident crimes, but at the moft
'diftant appearance of evil. It is honourable when not only there
is innocence, but providence -clearly manifefts it ; and that, in
ftead of ill defigns alleged, there was' nothing but the moft cordial
friendfhip. And obferve— foft words are moft effectual to break

the bones, and turn away ftrong wrath. What a plague to kings
are flattering and deceitful courtiers ! And how fhameful ( and
galling to find that through them we have been perfecuting our
principal friends ! But there may be confeffion and remorfe where
there is no real repentance. Love to our enemies, and a mild and
generous behaviour under great provocation^, are glorious tokens
of future greatnefs. But how mad is the malicious injuring of
thofe, at whofe mercy we and all that we have may foon lie! And
how prudent to keep on our guard againft a known enemy! Fits -
of partial repentance will not laft long. 8

Abigail haflens to pacify David;

I. SAMUEL. , and prevents his murdering her family.

Befor^chrifi ..converfant with them, when we were in
* """" the fields : *-rt :
« i*i. » ;1 6 They were u a wall unto us both by
night and day all the while we were with
them keeping the fheep.
1 7 Now therefore know, and .confider
what thou wilt do ; for evil is determined

againft

our mafter, and: againft all his

y Mat. 5. 25. Prov.
18., 16. & 21. 14.

,f Ox lumps.

Before Chrifl

*Tilf-!-% houfehold: for he is fuch x a fon of Belial
1 '""' '' that a man cannot fpeak to him.
18 ^[ Then Abigail y made hafte, and
took two hundred loaves,, and two bottles
of wine, and five fheep ready dreffed,
and five meafures of parched corn, and an
hundred + clufters of raifins, and two
hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on
-afles. 1 9 And fhe faid uifto her fervants, Go
on before me ; behold, I come after you.
'Tsilitzf But fhe »told not her hufband Nabal.
» juds ,.5.io.&.?. 20 And it was fo, as fhe " rode on the
18. Ot 10.4. 2 Kin. J '
4. 22, 24- ver. +2. ajfS) j-]^,. ^ came down by the covert
of the hill ; and, behold, David and his
men came down againft her ; and fhe met
them. 21 (Now David had faid, Surely in
vain have I kept all that b this fellow hath
in the wildernefs, fo that nothing was
'miffed of all that pertained unto him: and
he c hath requited me evil for good.
22 d So, and more alfo, do God unto
the enemies of David, if; I leave of all
that pertain to him, by the morning light,
\}% any e that piffeth againft the wall.)
23 And, when Abigail faw David, flie
fjofhMS.i8. judg. hafted, fand lighted off the afs, and fell
before David on her face, and bowed
herfelf to the ground,
24 And g fell at his feet ; and faid,
Upon me, my lord, h upon me let this
27.13. ver. 28. iniquity be: and let thine handmaid, I
1 Heh. e.r, prav thee, fpeak in thine $ audience ; and
hear the words of thine handmaid.

*Job 50; 8.

e Prov. 17. 13. Pf,
109. 3, 4.
dRueh 1. 17. ch. 14,
44. & 20. 16.

c Males. Ver,
I Kin. 14. ic
16.' 11. Sc 21. 21
2 Kin. 9 8.

.11 Kin. 4. 27, 37.
EUL. 8. 3, Mat,
ii;. 29.

-i Heb la, it n kh
heats..

my.

i rti. in j. 2 Kin.
2. 1.

25 Let not my lord, I pray thee,
gard this man of Belial, even Nabal :

re- for

as his name is fo is he; * Nabal is his
name, and folly is with him : but I thine
handmaid faw not the young men of my
lord whom thou didft fend.
26 Now therefore, my lord, ' as the
6

n Heb. walk at tht
feet •/, Sec. J-udg,
4. 10.

Lord liveth, and as thy foul liveth, feeing ,OS7,
the -Lord hath withholden- thee from "~*
coming to fhe d blood, and from kavenging kpf.Vi>'.'9,M'
thyfelf with thine own hand, now Met xv,%%f$ffi%-
thine enemies, and they that feek evil
to my lord, be as Nabal.
27 And now this ^ bleffing, which a ?,?&:£%
thine handmaid hath brought unto my
lord, let it even be given unto the young
men that " follow my lord.
28 I pray thee, forgive the ° trefpafs oVe.
of thine handmaid : for the Lord * will pCh. 15.2s. 2 sam,
certainly make my lord a fure houfe ;
becaufe my lord fighteth i*the battles of * "' "• 47';& *
the Lord, and r evil hath not been foutid r %*^ ,?-
in thee all thy days.
. 29 Yet a man is rifen to purfue thee, .
and to feek thy foul: but the foul of my
lord fhall be * bound in the bundle of life '?£•&&. 'Imw.
with the Lord thy God ; and the fouls ^V*;*'-"*
of thine enemies them fhall he l fling 'J"*018-
out, as out of the middle of a fling.
30 And it fhall come to pafs, when
the Lord fhall have done to my lord
according: to all the good that he hath
fpoken concerning thee, and fhall have
appointed thee ruler over Ifrael;
31 That this fhall be u no grief unto "p.^ul
thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, »7rfi. j°. u.'4'
either that thou haft fhed blood caufelefs,
or that my lord hath avenged himfelf:
but when the Lord fhall have dealt well
with my lord, then. x remember thine "40?' 4°',4'm'
handmaid. 32 f And David r faid to Abigail, '^.Sc'i*
Bleffed be the Lord God of Ifrael, who p^v.'&Yi'ls'
fent thee this day to meet me :
22 And bleffed be thy advice, and
blefled be thou, who haft kept me this
day from coming to fhed blood, and from
avenging myfelf with mine own hand.
34 For in very deed, as the Lord
God of Ifrael liveth, who hath kept me
back from hurting thee, except thou
hadft hafted and come to meet me, furely
there had not been left unto Nabal by the
morning light any "that piffeth againft »11SSS3SJS!*
the wall. -SEEE?'*
35 So David received of her hand that
which fhe had brought him, and .faid

David is married to he

before Chrift
IO57.

unto her, Go up in peace to thine houfe ;
fee, I have hearkened to thy voice, and
have accepted thy perfon.
36 % And Abigail came to Nabal;. and,
behold, he held * a feaft in his houfe like
32. .4,.5,'joi. ,s- the feaft of a king ; and Nabal's heart
» ver. n. prov. 20. was merry within him, for he a was
i^fil'Ttets. very drunken: wherefore fhe b told him
nothing, lefs or more, until the morning

C H A P. XXV. XXVI.
fent, and communed with Abigail,

and to Abinoam.

X 2 Saro. '3. 25.
X,uke 16.19. D'

t Ver. 19. Mat. 7. 6.
Sc 10. 16. Pf. 112.
J. Eph, 5. 15.

light.

2J But it came to pafs in the morning,
When the wine was gone out of Nabal,
cver.io,",","- and his wife had told him c thefe things,
« ^28.28. job that dhis heart died within him, and he
became as a ftone.
38 And it came to pafs, about ten days
after, that the Lord fmote Nabal that
he died.
39 ^T And, when David heard that
'Jfriv-V-^'is. Nabal was dead, he faid, c Bleffed be the
5°-34- ' Loe.d that hath pleaded the caufe of my
reproach from the hand of Nabal, and
24'5.Efih: hath kept his fervant from evil: for f the
Lord hath ! returned the wickednefs of
Nabal upon his own head. And David

f 1 Kin. 2. 44. Pf.
7. Jam. 2.
7. 10,

6 tO

BVore Chrift
1057.

take her to him to wife
40 And,

gPror. 31. 10. & r8,
r r ta "l « &: 19. 14. ver.
when the fervants of David j«--

. !C. Prov* -
Ck 18. 12.

i Gen. 24. 61, Oys
lee ver. 20, 23.-

* HeJj. at her feet.

were come to Abigail to Carmel, they
fpake unto her, faying, David fent us
unto thee, to take thee to him to wife.
41 And fhe arofe, and bowed herfelf
on her face to the earth, and faid, Be
hold, h let thine handmaid be a fervant to ****,
waih the feet of the fervants of my lord.
42 And ' Abigail hafted, and arofe,
and rode upon an afs, with five damfels
of her's that went * after her; and fhe
went after the meflengers of David, and
became his wife.
43 David alfo took Ahinoam k of Jez- *£*•«• s<s-*sa».
reel; and they were alfo l both of them 1 cen. 2. M. m«.
, . . J '9'5t8-
his wives.
44 f But Saul had given m Michal his "iS^-JSP
daughter, David's wife, to Phalti the fon
of Laifh, which was. of n Gallim. nI£ I0, 3°-
CHAP. XXVI.
Notwithftanding Saul's late acknowledgment of his wick
ednefs in perfecuting David, whom God had ap^
pointed his fucceffor, he here bafely revives it. ( I ) In-

Reflectjons upon Chap. XXV.; — Was not Samuel a. figure
of Jefus Chrift, our great Prieft, Prophet, Deliverer, and Judge !
How earneftly defired, and how fupernatural was his birth ! Early
was he devoted and called to, prepared for, and employed in, his
Father's fervice. How extenfive is his office ! He is the illumi
nated Prophet that renders our dark earth a valley of vifion. He
is the unparalleled Prieft, who, by his once offering of himfelf,
made peace between God and men. He is the great Deliverer,
that makes us free indeed. He is the fovereign judge of all, par
ticularly the Ifrael of God. How wretched the cafe in which he
finds his church and people when he appears for their help ! His
facrifice and interceffion procure lafting friendfhip with heaven,
and noted victories and mercies on earth. How marvellous his
conqueft of enemie?, and reftoration of the treacheroufly abandoned
worfhip of God! Gracious are his inftrucStions, fharp his reproofs,
and certain his pre^di£tions ! By him kings reign, and princes de
cree juftice. Candid, upright, and generous, are his whole admi-
niftrations; though wickedly, and to their lafting ruin, He and
his Father were rejected by his brethren ofjudah, who defired a
temporal deliverer ; and ftill are by carnal profeffors. But how
diftrefled their condition till they feek the Lord, and David their
king! But, lo, the righteous are taken away from the evil to
come ! Nations have reafon to mourn when thofe who ftood in the
gap, to prevent the Lord's wrath, are removed by death. Alas !
how often the beft of men are difgraced by their children, and the
beft of women by their hufbands ! There is little, happinefs in
wealth enjoyed by fools j and as little comfort in marriage which
is made for the fake of it. It becomes the poor to ufe entreaties.
While we feaft we fhould diftribute our bread to the hungry.
One good turn deferves and requires another: but a foul tongue
is the fign of. a wicked heart. Scurrilous invecfives are too com

monly the fare of God's precious faints in this world. They have
puny, if not thievifh hearts, who grudge to beftow their fuperflui-
ties for the relief of fuch as are in want. How deadly dangerous,
and deeply finful, are violent paffions ! Some one provocation may
quickly exafperate that mind which has calmly borne many fuch in
other forms : but fenfible and faithful fervants are a great mercy to
a family, and efpecially that one head of it hath fenfe and grace
when the other is deftitute of both. Soft words turn away anger;
and a gift in the bofom pacifies ftrong wrath. But what we do in
paffion will afterwards be a grief to us : and it is a far greater fatis-
fa'dtion to forgive an offence than to revenge it. Nor ought any
to be more ready to forgive injuries than tho-f^ whom the Lord
has marvelloufly protected. What thanks they1 deferve who keep
us back from fin ! And great is the mercy of God, which prevents
our fin when we are upon the very point of committing it. If we
have fworn to commit wickednefs, it is finful to keep our oath,
but our duty bitterly to repent the taking of it. Thofe who are
churlifh to God and his people are often abundantly liberal to the
devil and his agents, in drunkennefs, coftly apparel, or the like.
Sinners, loft in luxury and mirth, are infenfible of- the wrath of
God, which hangs over their head ; while beaftly^drunkards ren
der themfelves incapable of profiting either by advice or correc
tion. But quickly will death turn their riotous joys into eternal
forrows, and tear the churl from his idolized portion of earth.
Saints need not avenge their own wrongs ; God will do it for
them in a fpeedy and awful manner! and render them thankful that
he-kept them back from ufurptng. his prerogative. Pacific pru
dence and fenfe are excellent means, to pave our way to a more
exalted ftation : and fuch as are content to fuffer with the people of
God fhall reign with them at laft'. Bat they who, finfully multiply
their wives muft not expect to enjoy much of family pleafures.

David, purfued-, enters Saul's camp.

I. SAMUEL.

David feafons with Saul.

Before Chrift
cir. IO57.

i Jofh. 15. 55. ell.
23. 19, 20. Pf. 54.
title. Rom. 3. 15.
Ezek. 22. 9. Lev.
19. 16. Prov. iti.
i. Sc 26. 20, 22.

fcCh.23.25. pr. 140.
9. 8k 38. iz. Sc 15.
4. eft. 14. 17, 2.

C Pf. TI2. J. Eph. 5,
15. Mat. 10. 16.

formed by the Ziphites where David was, be. matches
with an army to apprehend him; 1 — 3. (2) In-,
formed of his motions, Ifavid views their camp ;
*¦ and, finding them all afieefi, he and Abifhai his cOufin
enter it. Preffed by Abifhai to take away Saul's' life,
be., refufes ; but brings off his fpear, and the crufe of
water, at his. head, as a token thai he again had him
in his power; 4 — 12. ' (3) By producing thefe, and
reafoning from them, he ofice more cohilinces- Saul
of his wickednefs in perfecuting him ; IJ — 25.
AN D the a Ziphites came unto Saul
to Gibeah, faying, Doth not David
hide himfelf in the hill of Hachilah,
which is before Jefhimon ?
2 Then b Saul arofe, and went down
to the wiiderh'efs of Ziph, having three
thoufand chofen men of Ifrael with him-,
to feek David in the wildernefs of Ziph.
3 And Saul pitched in the hill of Ha
chilah, which is before Jefhimon, by the
way. But David abode in the wilderhtefs,
and he faw that Saul came after him into
the wildernefs.
4 David therefore c fent out fpies, and
joih.i.i.&o.i. underftood that Saul was come in very
deed. 5 % And David arofe, and came to the
place where Saul had pitched: and David
i a.. .4- so. & 17. beheld, the place where Saul lay, d and
Abner the fon of Ner, the captain of his
hoft: and Saul lay in the e trench, and
the people pitched round about him.
6 Then anfwered David and faid to
fcen.I0.,6.&J5.f Ahimelech the Hittite, and to s Abifhai
the fon of Zeruiah, brother to Joab, fay
ing, Who will go h down with me to
Saul to the camp ? And Abifhai faid, I
will go down with thee.
7 So David and' Abifhai came to the
people by night; and, behold, Saul lay
1 fleeping within the trench, and his fpear
ftuck in the grourid at his bolfter: but
Abner and the people lay round about
him. 8 Then faid Abifhai to David, God
hath k delivered thine enemy into thine
hand this day : now therefore let me fmite
him, I pray thee, with the fpear, even to
the earth at once, and I will not fmite him
the fecond time.
9 And David faid to Abifhai, ' Deftroy
him not : for who can ftretch forth his

t Or midft of his car
riages. Ch. 17. 20,

ElChr. 2.16. 2 Sam.
z. 18. Sc 23. ig. &
ib. 9. Sc 10. 10.
h Judg. 7. 9— 11, ch.
14- 6.

i I Thef. 5
. v«r. 12.

¦*i 3> 7-

fc Hell. Jhul up. Ch.
. 24, a.4 with 1 Sato.
21. 18.

ICh. 24. 6, 7.1 Sam,
1. 14, 16.

againft
guiltlefs ¦? '
David

the Lord's anointed, and

Before Chrift.
cir.' 1057.

m Ch. 25. 38, 39. Pf.
94. I. Deut. 32.
35. Lulcc 18.-7.
Rev. ii. 8.
ni job 7. I. & 14. ;.
Pf. 3-7. 10, 13.
e Dent. 32. 35. ch.
31. 6. Pf. 49:11..
p Ch. 24. 6,7. z Sun,
1. 14, jj6. . 1

f|pp„ r Gen. 2. 21. & K.
neep 12. WHh Efth. 6.,i.

hand be gunnel's i " i
1 o David faid furthermore, As the
Lori? liveth, the Lord m.fhall fmite him ;
oH'in:his day -fliall come to. die; or. ° he
fhalLdefcend.into battle, and perifh.
11 The pLord forbid that I fhould
ftretch forth mine hand againft the Lord's
anointed:, but, I pray '.thee, take thou
now the fpear that is at his bolfter, and
the crufe of water, and let? us go..
12 So David q took the fpear and the iChi4-4
crufe of water from Saul's bolfter : and
they gat them away, and no man faw //>
nor knew /'/, neither awaked ; for they
were all afleep ; becaufe r a deep
from the Lord was fallen upon them
13 % Then David went over to the
other fide, and ftood on the top of an
hill afar off; a great fpace being between
them 1
14 And David cried to the people,
and to Abner the fon of Ner, faying,
Anfwereft thou not, Abner ? Then Ab
ner anfwered and faid. Who art thou that
cfieft to the king ?
1 5 And David faid to Abner, Art not
thou a valiant man ? and who is like to
thee in Ifrael ? wherefore then haft thou
not kept thy lord the king ? s for there ,Vert'
came one of , the people in to deftroy the
king thy lord.
16 This thing is not good that thou
haft done. As the Lord liveth, ye are
t worthy to die, becaufe ye, have not kept x^v^£Jt.
your mafter, the Lord's anointed. And i*14' "
now fee where the king's fpear is, and
the crufe of water that was at his bolfter.
1 7 And Saul knew David's voice, and
faid, u Is this thy voice, my fon David ?
And David faid, // is my voice, my lord,
O king. 1 8 And he faid, x Wherefore doth my
lord thus purfue after his fervant? for
what have I done? or what evil is in
mine hand ? '
19 Now therefore, I pray thee, let my
lord the king hear the words of his fervant.
If the Lord have ftirred thee up againft

u Ch. 24. 16. Pro?.
161 z;.

x Ch. 24. 11, B. ic
12. 3.6V20. 1. pr.
35.7. & 7. «, it.
Acts 231 I. & 14.
16.

y 2 Sam. 16. It. Sc
24.1.
irHeb. .fmeii. lev.™

me, let him *-" accept ;an offering; but, if -4 oen.* »'*

Saul acknowledges hisfn.

CHAP. XXVI. XXVII.

David fies to Gath.

Before Chrift
cir. 1057.
1 Gal. 5. 12. Prov. 6.
16, 19.
a Pf. 42. 1, 2. & 84.
2. Sc 120. 5. Rom.
14. 15. Jofh. 22.
25,27.
* Heb. cleaving.
h Ch. 2. 9. & 25. 29,

c Ch. 24. 14.

dExod. 9.27. ch. 24.
17. & 27. 4. Mitt.
17.4-

for the king of Ifrael is come out
feek a flea, as when oiie doth hunt a

e Keh. 13. 14. if. 3.
10, 11. PI. 7.8. &
18. 20. Rom. 27.
10.

f Ch. 24. 6, 7. fee
ver. 9, 11.

% Pf. 18. 25. Acts 14.
22. 2 Cor. 1. 10.
> Cor. 10. 13. If.
Mi. 3, 4. & 63. 9.
ii 41.10,13— 16.

JrProv. 26, 25. ch.
£4. 22, John 2, 24.

they be the children of men, z curfed be
they before the Lord; for a they have
driven me out this day from ¦* abiding in
the inheritance of the Lord, faying,. Go,
ferve other gods.
20 Now, therefore, b let not my blood
fall to the earth before the face of the
Lord to
partridge in the mountains.
21 ffThen d faid Saul, I have finned:
return, my fon David; for I will no more
do thee harm, becaufe my foul was pre
cious in thine eyes this day : behold, I
have played the fool, and have erred ex
ceedingly. 22 And David anfwered and faid, Be
hold the king's fpear ! and let one of the
young men come over and fetch it.
23 e The Lord render to every man
his righteoufnefs and his faithfulnefs : for
the Lord delivered thee into my hand
to-day, but f I would hot ftretch forth
mine hand againft the Lord's anointed.
24 And, behold, s as thy life was much
fet by this day in mine eyes, fo let my
life be much fet by in the eyes of the
Lord, and let him deliver me out of all
tribulation. 25 Then Saul faid to David, Bleffed be
thou, my fon David: thou fhalt both do
great things., and alfo fhalt ftill prevail.
b So David went on his way, and Saul
returned to his place.
CHAP. XXVII,
Here, ( I ) To David's honour, he manifefis a prudent
care of himfelf and family ; 2 — 4 : and fights the
Lord's battles againfl the Canaanites and Amalekites;
8 — 9. But, (2) To his difhonour, he defpair s of
God's proteclion in- the land of Ifrael, deferts his
country, and retires into the land of the Philiflines,

Before Chrift
cir. IO57.

a Pf. 116. II. Prov.
13. 11. Mat. 14.
j 1. Mark 5. 36.,
2 Cor. 7. 4.
* Heb. be eon umed.

-f. . oCh. 23. 13. Sc 25.
paffed ¦?• & »¦ '°- &
22. 1, 2. & 10. 9.

where Ziklag is given him ; I, 5 — 7 : an^ equivo
cates concerning his warlike expedition; io — 12.
AND David afaid in his heart, I fhall
now ' perifh one day by the hand
of Saul: there is nothing better for me
than that I fhould fpeedily efcape into
the land of the Philiftines ; and Saul fliall
defpair of me, to feek me any more in any
coaft of Ifrael: fo- fhall I efcape out of his
hand. 2- And David arofe, and b he
over with the fix hundred men that were
with him unto Achifh, the fon of Maoch,
king of Gath.
3 And David dwelt with Achifh at
Gath, he and his men, every man with
his houfehold, even David with c his two C42h,'43°;5'&11'
wives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitefs, and
Abigail the Carmelitefs, Nabal's wife.
4 And it was told Saul that David was
fled to Gath: and dhe fought no more*ch,l6•M,
again for him.
5 % And David faid unto Achifh, If
I have now found grace in thine eyes, let
them give me a place in fome town e
the country, that I may dwell there : for
why fhould thy fervant dwell in the royal
city with thee ?
6 Then Achifh gave him f Ziklag that ^clr^Xll:
day. Wherefore Ziklag pertaineth unto
the kings of Judah unto this day.
7 And
the country ofthe Philiftines was sa full g Hct ll™&%\
year and four months. tz.^' '' '' *•'
8 ^[ And David and his men went up,
and invaded the h Gefhurites, and the Deut-?-'4-'
'.Qezrites, and the k Amalekites: for thofe '^t

me Num. i$.t. Pf.TM.
5. a Cor. 6. 17.

ch. jo. x.

+ the time that David dwelt in f "% ?-' mmh"

nations were of old the inhabitants of the fc°™20I4iI;dN"™'
land, as thou goeft to ' Shur, even unto 8-clW5'3-
7 I Exod. tj. 22. Gen,
16. 7- Sc 25. 18.
Num. 33.8.

the land of Egypt.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — One fin ufually involves
men in another, left they fhould fuffer for the former : and none
are more reftlefs in promoting mifchief than treacherous neighbours
and unfaithful kinfmen. Unfanctified hearts foon lofe the impref-
fion made by convictions of fin : and a little infrigation will revive
the old grudge, where the reconciliation is not fincere: but God
can eafily' difarm the mighty, and leave them a prey to the feeble.
It is -dangerous for a wicked heart to meet with an engaging
temptation. But what an honour is it to refift ftrong temptations,
and to neglect repeated opportunities of avenging ourfelves!
And it highly becomes the Chriftian thus to commit his caufe
into the hand of God, and to wait his time and way of advancing
Vol. I.

him to honour. But what malicious enemies are they, who tempt
us to apoftatize from God by driving us from his worfhip and
people! Howfevere a reckoning awaits thofe who flied innocent
blood! and wo to the men againft whom the people of God
bring their juft complaints! Sin is the greateft folly, and will ap-
pear fo at laft to the moft hardened finner, even though their con
victions fliould never have any faving iffue. God's difpenfations
do all concur to prove him a righteous judge. They who fhew
mercy may hope to find mercy. And God will make his ene
mies to bow at the feet of his perfecuted faints, and know thflt he
hath loved them, and will promote them to honour,
Ll!

Philiflines Before Chrift
cir. 1057.
in Ch. iy. i}. Deut.
*i. 17» 19- & 7- *•

* Or Did you mtmakt
a roady Sec.
» Jolh. *. 16. % Kin.
j. 25 Col. t. 9.
Eph? 4. 15. PI.
X19. i--;.
o Jofh. 15.11. iChr.
2. 9, 15—42. Jndg.
*. 16. ch. 30. iy.

p D«ut. 7. 1. Pf. 112.
5. Eph. 5. 15. Mat.
10, 16.

f Heb. made himfelf
to jitrk H his people
^¦a.d.

I. SAMUEL.

cir. ICJ56.
a Lev. 26. 25. Deut.
28. 25. Judg. 3.2.
' ch. iv. vii. xiii.
xiv.xvii. &23.281

* Heb.lnewing,lno-M.
h Ch. 27. 12. Sc 29.
3— II.

c Ch. 27. 10. Horn.
J2. 9.

invade Ifrael.
9 And David n fmote the land, and left
neither man nor woman alive ; and took
away the fheep, and the oxen, and the
affes, and the camels, and the apparel ;
and returned,, and came to Achifh.
10 And Achifh faid, * Whither have ye
made a road to-day'? And David "faid,
Againft ° the fouth of Judah, and againft
the fouth of the Jerahmeelites, and againft
the fouth of the Kenites.
11 And David faved neither man- nor
woman alive, to bring tidings to Gath,
faying, p Left they fhould tell on us,
faying, So did David, and fo will be- his
manner all the while he dwelleth in the
country of the Philiftines.
1 2 And Achifh believed David, faying,
He hath made his people Ifrael t utterly'
to abhor him; therefore he fliall be. my
fervant for ever.
CHAP. XXVIII.
ftew preparations are made for that war which will
ruin Saul and his family, and pave the way for Da
vid's royalty. Here (1) The Philiflines, having
David their defrayer with them, prepare to. invatfe
the Ifraelites' country ; and king Achifh makes David,
• bis confident; 1,2,4. i'2-) Samuel bemg deadr and
the Lord refufing to anfwer Saul, he is reduced to
defpair, while he prepares an army to w'lthjland
them; 3—6. (3) Contrary to his confeience, Saul
employs a witch at Endor to bring him Up the devil
in Samuel's likenefs; 7 — 14. (4) The devil, pre
tending to be Samuel's ghoft, upbraids him with his
fin and his diftrefs ; and foretells, his and his army's
approaching ruin; 15—19. (5) Saul is fo dif
heartened by this, that the witch, lateiy encouraged
by him, can fear ely make him eat; 20 — 25.
N D it came to pafs in thofe days

Saul is much troubled*

a that the "Philiftines gathered their
armies together for warfare, to fight with
Ifrael. And Achifh faid unto David,
* Know thou alfuredly bthat thou fhalt
go out with me to battle, thou and thy
men. 2 And David faid to Achifh, c Surely
thou fhalt know what thy fervant can do.
And Achifh faid to David, Therefore

will I make thee keeper of mine head for
ever. 3 ^[-Now * Samuel was dead,
Ifrael had lamented him, and buried him
in Ramah, even in his- own city. And
Saul had put away thofe that had ^fami
liar fpirits, and the wizards, out of the
land*. 4 ^ And the Phififtiaes gathered them
felves together, and came and' f pitched
in Shunem : and Saul gathered all Ifrael
together, and they pitched sin Gilboa.
5 And when Saul faw the hoft of the
Philiftines he was h:afraid> and his heapt
greatly trembled5. .
6 And when Saul 'inquired ofthe Lord,
the Loud anfwered him not, neither by
•k dreams, norby Urim, nor by prophets.
7 *([ Then faid Saul unto his fervants,
1 Seek me a woman that hath a familiar
fpirit, that I may go to her, and inquire
of her* And his fervant faid to him,
Behold, there is a woman that hath a
familiar fpirit at Endoii
8' Aiid Saul m difguifed himfelf, and
put on other raiment ; and he went, and
two men with him, and they came to the
woman by1 night : and- he faid, I pray thee,
divine unto me by the familiar fpirit, and
bring me him up whom I fhall name unto
thee. :
9 And the woman faid unto him, Be
hold, thou knoweft what Saul hath. done,.
how he hath cut off thofe that have fami
liar fpirits, and the wizards, out of the
land : wherefore, then layeft thou a fnare
for my life, to caufe me to die?
10 And "Saul fware to her by the
Lord, faying, ^ft the Lord liveth, there
fhall no punifhment happen to thee for
this thing.
1 1 Then faid the woman, Whom fhall
I bring up unto thee ? And he faid, Bring
me up Samuel.

Before Chrift
cir.. 1056.

aiid'alldCll'2S'"Ks7Ii

cExod. 22.18. Deut,
18.H. Lev. 19. }i,
& 20. 27.

fJofli.i9.i8.'2Kia, 4. .8.

g Ch, 31, I, 2 Still.,
1. 21.

h Job 15. 11. IT. 57,
20. Sc 7. 2.

i^ohll 9. ji. iChr.
10.14. Prov. 1.28,
eh. 14. 37, Lam. z.
9. Jam. 4. 3.
k Num. 12. 6. Exorl.
28. 29. Num. 27.
5-

28.29.21. ch.

I Lev. ,19. .31, Deut.
jU. ti. 2 Kin. 1. 2,
3. A£ts ttj-iti If.
8. 19.

mi Kin. 14. 2. & 22».
30. I Chr. 10. 1-3..
If. 8: 19,. 20. John
3. 19, 20. Eph. s*-

n ExoiT. 20. 7. Sc zti
18. Deut. 18. 10.
with Afts 23. 12,

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — It is hard to withftand
repeated and ftrong temptations to unbelief. It is prudent to
withdraw from temptation, and efpecially for ftrangers to live
as retired from courts as poflible. And never fliall we be lofers
by parting with earthly accommodations for the fake of God and
our fouls. But furely. nothing can be more foolifh, efpecially

after warning given, than to expecl: fafety out of the Lord's land
rather than in it. it is good to be always zealous againft the
Lord's devoted enemies. But we have need of grace, not only to
make us do well, but to make us honeftly ftand to what we have
done; otherwife ftrong temptation will involve us in the guilt
of the bafefl equivocation.. ; , .

Saul, by a witch, confults the aevu; CHAP. XXVIII. who upbraids, and denounces his ruin.

Before Chrift
Cir. I056-.
oA'Cor. 11. 14. with
If. 57. a. A devil in
his likenefs. Sa
tan hath no power
over ti e fouls of
thc glorified faints.
God would never
give him any, to
countenance con-
ftlliitig of devils.
Samuel's foul had
not to come out
of the earth ; nor
would he have
faid, Saul Ihould
be with him to- ,
marrow. It doth
not evenfeem pro
bable, that the
ba trie was fought
¦on the moirow.
The woman's ha
ving a familiar fpi
rit, and hercxpo-
fing herfelf to dan
ger, manifeft it to
have been no rneie
juggle.
p-Ver. 3. Exod. 22,

<i2C0r.11. 14. Exod.
32.4.
f Heb. What is his
form I
1 Ch, 15. 27. 2 Kin.
:z.%tt.
s£zek.l4.4.2Thef. 2. 10, 11. If. 66.4.
t John 8. 44. with
Rev. 14. 13. If. 57.
2.
u If. 3. tt. Prov. 5.
IT, 12. Sc 14. 14.
% Heb. by the hand of
prophets.
x.2Cor. it. T4.&2-
' ft. 2 Thef. 2. 10,

y Or for him-elf. Ch.
16.4.
2 Not ch. 15. 28. but
2 Cor. 11. 14. John
8.44.
• Heb. mine hand.

a Ch. 15. 3, 23, 26.
I Kin. 20. ai. Jer.
48. 10.

1 2 And when the woman faw ° Samuel
fhe cried with a loud voice : and the
woman fpake to Saul, faying, Why haft
thou deceived me ? for thou p art Saul.
1 2 And the king faid unto her, Be not
afraid: for what faweft thou ? And the
woman faid unto Saul, I faw ^gods afcend-
ing out of the earth.
14 And he faid unto her, + What form
is he of? And fhe faid, An old man
cometh up ; and he is covered with a
mantle. And Saul r perceived that it was
Samuel : and he s ftooped with his face to
the ground, and bowed himfelf.
15 ^[ ' And; Samuel faid to Saul, "Why
haft thou dif quieted me, to bring me up?
And Saul anfwered, I am u fore diftreffed ;
for the Philiftines. make war againft me,
and God is departed from me, _ and an-
fwereth me no .more, neither by +. pro
phets, nor by dreams; therefore I have
called thee, that thou mayeft makeknowiv
unto me what I fhall do.
16 Then faid Samuel, Wherefore then
doft thou afk of me, x feeing the Lord is
departed from thee, and is become thine
enemy ?
17 And the Lord hath done to y him
zas he fpake by *me: for the Lord
hath rent the kingdom out of thine hand,
and given it - to -thy neighbour, even to
David. 1 8 Becaufe , thou
voice of the Lord,
fierce wrath upon Amalek, therefore hath
the Lord done this thing unto thee this
day.

1 obeyedft not
nor executedft

the his

• H It. made hafle,
and fell with the
fsc'nefiof 1. isfature.
dCh. 25.37. Pf.4*.
c, 6. Job 15. 29—
22, %'.. CC S.i. 5.
Pli SO. -I, 22.

e Juda;. 9. T-. Sc 1 2.
3. ch, 19. 5. ver. 9.
Job 13. 14.

19 Moreover, the Lord will alfo deli- c-»wo56.
ver Ifrael with thee into the hand of the
Philiftines;- and b to-morrow jhalt thou "if"4' M"
and thy fons be with me: c the Lokd c.cb.iMs.&m,'
alfo fhall deliver the hoft of Ifrael into
the hand of the Philiftines.
20 Then Saul * fell ftraightway all
along on the earth, and d was fore afraid,
becaufe of the words of Samuel : and
there was no ftrength in him ; for he
had eaten no bread all the day, nor all
the night.
21 \ And the woman came unto Saul,
and faw that he was fore troubled, and
faid unto him, Behold, thine handmaid
hath obeyed thy voice, and e I have put
my life in my hand, and have hearkened
unto thy words which thou fpakeft unto
me :
22 Now therefore, I pray thee, hearken
thou alfo unto the Voice of thine hand
maid, and let me fet a morfel of bread
before thee; and eat, that thou mayeft
have ftrength when thou goeft on thy way.
23 But he refufed ; and faid, f I
not eat. But his fervants, together with
the woman, compelled him ; and he
hearkened unto their voice : fo he arofe
from the earth, and fat upon the bed.
24 And the woman had a fat calf in
the houfe ; and fhe hafted and killed it ;
and took flour, and kneaded //, and did
bake unleavened bread thereof:
25 And fhe brought it before Saul,
and before his fervants; and they did eat.
Then they rofe up, and went away that.
night.

• 1 1 f Prov. 25. 20. 1 Kin,
Will M.43.&21.4.

leagues or fellowfhip with devils; — abfurd to profefs hatred to Satan
in others, and yet indulge him in our heart ; — dangerous to flee to
the devourer for relief, when the God of grace hath caft us off; —
and ftupid to fear the laws of men, and the wrath of a wicked
king, more than the authority and eternal vengeartce of almighty
God. But God often gives up to ftrong and devilifti delufions
the men who have no pleafure in his truth : and thofe who under
value the Lord's prophets at laft get devils in thejr ftead. Cold
comfort indeed will the devil adminifter to his fervants even in
their greateft diftrefs. But they have themfelves only to blame
for all the miferies to which they are reduced; for vain is their
knocking when the door of mercy is once fhut. Having departed
from God, thsy have forfaken their own mercies. A miferable
life, and more miferable death, are all the portion they can expedl:.
And, when once a man is given up to defpair, he ruihes on to his
own deftruction as the horfe ruihes into the battle.
L112

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII. — The enemies of the
church craftily feize their opportunity when their principal oppo
nents are out of thc way. And1 when God has left a country it is
eafy for enemies to penetrate into the very heart of it. How hard
it is for faints to act honeftly when they have wandered out of
God's way! Whether they hake part with friends or foes, they are
apt to be enfnared. But dreadful is the cafe of men who are aban
doned by God, and deprived or" his prophets and minifters. And
they who refufe to'feek God, while he may be found, will cry in
vain when he refufes to anfwer, and have their troubles doubly aggra
vated by the terrors of an evil confeience. When men throw off
their cloke of religion, they ordinarily abandon themfelves to the
very abominations againft which they had profeffed much zeal.
Works of darknefs hate the light: and many, who have caft off the
fear of God, are afhamed to appear fo bad as they are before men.
But it is fliocking for perfons amidft gofpel light to enter into

David marches with the Philiflines ;

I. SAMUEL.

But is -kindly difnijfed' by Providence

Before Chrift
1056.

CHAP. XXIX.

a Jofh. 19. 18, 30.
I Kin. 2a. 3P. ch.
28. 4. Sc a. 1.

li Ch. 2S, 2.
* Who was chofen
general of the,.
arnfj'.

c Ch. 27. 7.
dDan. 6.4, 5. Rom,
12. 17. Phil. 2. 15.
Col. 4. 5. 1 Pet. 3.
IS, 16.

* J Chr. 12. 19. ch.
Jit- 21.

* No doubt he would
have fought 011 thc
fide of the He-
trews.

fCh.i8.7.&u. 11,

g Ch. 6. 2. & 28. 10.
& 20. 3.
h Mat. 5. 16. 1 Pet.
3. 15. Pf. 121. B.
ver. g.

IVhile Saul was embarraffing himfelf with his infernql
inventions of relief, God here extricates David from
the greateft danger of finning, (i) While he marches
with the Philiflines againfl Ifrael, their lords except
againfl him as a dangerous, ally; 1 — 5. (2) Not
withftanding David's apparent reluiiance, king
Achifh dif mi (fes him fromthat fervice which fo ill became
him, but which he knew not how to avoid; (3 — 11.
NOW the Philiftines gathered toge
ther all their armies to a Aphek :
and the Ifraelites pitched" by a fountain
which is in Jezreel.
2 And the lords of the Philiftines paffed
on by hundreds, and by thoufands : but
b David and his men paffed on in the rere
ward with * Achifh.
3 Then faid the princes of the Phili
ftines, What do thefe Hebrews here ? And
Achifh faid unto the princes of the Phili
ftines, Is not this David the fervant of
Saul the king of Ifrael, who hath been
with me c thefe days or thefe years, andr
I have found d no fault in him fince he
fell unto me unto this day ?
4 And the princes of the Philiftines
were wroth with him ; and the princes of
the Philiftines faid unto him, cMake this
fellow return, that he may go' again to
his place which thou haft appointed him,
and let him not go down with us to battle,
left in the battle he be an adverfary to us :
for wherewith fhould he + reconcile him
felf unto his mafter ? fhould it not be with
the heads of thefe men ?
5 Is not this David, of whom they
fang one to another in dances, faying,
f Saul flew his thoufands, and David his
ten thoufands ?
6 % Then Achifh called David, and
faid unto him, Surely, as E the Lord
liveth, hthou haft been upright, and thy
going out and thy coming in with me in
the hoft is good in my fight ; for I have
not found evil in thee fince the day of

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — Unbelieving fears often
plunge the people of God at laft into the moft perplexing circum
ftances. David is now upon the point of either, proving a mur
derer of the Ifraelites, whom fJ-od had anointed him to fave, or
a traitor to the Philiftines, whd had fo kindly protected him. But
God takes more care to preferve. his people's integrity and honour

Before Chrift
I056.
% Heb. thou art not
pocd in. the Cjts tf
the lords.
|| Heb. do not evil in
the eyes of the lords.

thy coming unto. me unto this day : never
thelefs, + the lords favour thee not.
7 Wherefore now return, and go in
peace, that thou H difpleafe not the lords
of the Philiftines.
8 And David faid unto Achifh, ! But
what have I done ? and what haft thou
found in thy fervant fo long as I have
been * with thee unto this day, k that I
may not go fight againft the enemies of ^".'&V

ich.20. s,&26, a.
Sc 12. 3,

* Heb. hcfere thee.

119.21k.
Sam. 14. 17. Col.
3. 9, Eph. 4. 2j,

my lord the king I
9 And Achifh anfwered and faid to
David, I know that thou art good> in my
fight, 'as an angel of God : notwithftand- «*^»*>7.».*
ing, the princes of the Philiftines have
faid, He fhall not go up with us- to the

19. 27.

1 o Wherefore f now rife up early in
the morning with thy- mafter's fervants
that are come with thee: and as fbon as
ye be up early in the mornings and have;
light, depart.
i.r So David and his men rofe up early
to m depart in the morning, to return
into the land of the Philiftines. And the
Philiftines went up to Jezreek.
C H A P_ XXX..
Difmiffed by the Philiflines, and banifhed by Sdui\
David returns to his city Ziklag, refolved to obferve
a neutrality: But, (1) To his and his warriors*
extreme grief, they find their city burned, and their-
wives, and goods carried off by the Amalekites, whofe
territories David had. lately ravaged ;. 1 — 6..
(2) Diretled by God, and- condutled by an Egyptian^,
they purfue the Amalekites*, cut off rnofl of them, and
recover all the prifoners and fpoil; 7 — 20. (3) Re
turning back, he wifely divides the additional fpoit
among his warriors and his friends, in the country.
about; 21 — 31.
AN D it came to pafs, when David
and his men a were come to Ziklag
on the third day, that b the Amalekites
had invaded the fouth,. and Ziklag,. and.
fmitten Ziklag, and burned ii with fire ;,
2 And had taken the women captives
that were therein : they ° flew not any,

fThusCod deliver:-.
ed him from the
fnare in which he
had rafhly en
tangled himfelf.

mCen. 22.14. iCor.
jo. 13. 1 Chr. 12.
19, 20. ch. 30. 1, 2.
Pf, 37.23. &4*>,I.

aCh. 29. 11. 2 Sam,
1, 1.
b Ch. 15. 7. & 27. S,
0. Ezek. 25. 15,
Exod. 17. 8. ver,
14.

c If. 10. 5. Sc 27. g.
Hab. 3. 2. Job 38.
II.

than they do themfelves; and- often gives them a decent efcape
from the nets in which they had finfully entangled themfelves..
That which is intended for our difgrace often. proves a diftinguifh-
ing mercy : and it is honourable if the meffengers of our difgrace.
are able and ready to witnefs for our uprightnefs.

Before Chrift
1056.

dPf.34. 19. & 42. 7,
Acts 14. 22. Jon-
14- I-

c Num. 14. 1, 39
Judg. 1. 4- Sc

{ Ch. 15. 42, 43. &
27. 3. 2 Sajn. 3.1,

t Tt. 6. t—4- & az.
7. & 69. 1. & 130.
1.
h Exod. 17. 4. Num.

18—20. & 8. 31.
Hab. 3. 17, 18.
Heb. 13. 5, 6.

k CH.23. 2, 9, II.
Num. 27.21. Judg.
1. 1. & 20. 18, 23,
-28. 2 Sam. 5. 19,

great or fmall, but carried

them

Ziklag fpoiled by the Amalekites.
eitheraway, and went on their way.
3 ^[ So David and his men came to the
city, and, bejiold, d it was burned with
fire ; and theij: wives, and their fons, and
their daughters, were taken captives.
4 Then David, and the people that
were with him, e lifted up their voice
Wt\t ll'ia'.* and wept, until they had no more power
to weep.
5 And f David's two wives were taken
captives, Ahinoam the Jezreelitefs, and
Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite.
6 And David was e greatly diftreffed ;
for the people fpake of hftoning him,
ll'th^i8'??; becaufe the foul of all the people was
.Hrt'jiJ? '*' * grieved, every man for his fons and for
i pr. 56. 3..Rom. 4. his daughters: but David 'encouraged
himfelf in the Lord his God,
7 And David, faid to Abiathar the
prieft, Abimelech's fon, I pray thee,
k bring me hither the ephod. And Abia
thar brought thither the ephod to David.
8 And David inquired at the Lord,
faying^ Shall I purfue after this troop ?
"£%££?*• fhall I overtake them ? 1 And he anfwered
him, Purfue ; for thou fhalt furely over
take them? and without fail recover -all.
9 % So David went, he and the mfix
hundred men that were with him, and
came to the brook Befor, where thofe
that were left behind ftayedv
ro But. David purfued, he and four
hundred men : (for two hundred abode
behind, which: were fo faint that they
could not go over the brook Befor.)
1 1 And they n found an Egyptian in
the field, and brought him to David,
and'gave him bread, and he did eat, and
they made him drink water ;
12 And they gave him a piece of a cake
of figs, and two- clufters of raifins : and
" when he had eaten his fpirit came again
to him : for he had eaten no bread,, nor
drunk any water, three days and- three
nights. 1 3 And David' faid'unto him, To whom
belongefl thou ? and whence art thou ?
And he faid, I am a young man of Egypt,.,
Servant to an Amalekite ;. and my mafter

CHAP. XXX

nCh.22.I,2.&23, 13. Sc 25. 13. Si

nPf.lTI;2.&$8.8. Prov. 3. 5,6. Rev.
12. 16- Rom, 8.28.

»Ch. 14. 27. Jiidg.
JS. 19. If. 40. 29.

'the Amalekites defeated,
me, p becaufe three days agone I fell

Before Chrift
1056.

p Prov. 12,10. with.
Zc|-h. 3. 5.
qVer. t6. Ezek. 25.
15,16. Jofh. 14,13*-
& 15- Ii-

when he had. brought him-

leftfick. 14 We made an invafion upon q the
fouth of the Cherethites, and upon the
coafl which belongeth to Judah, and upon
the fouth of Caleb ; and we burned Ziklag
with fire.
1 5 And David faid to him, Canft thou ,
bring me down to this company ? And he
faid, r Swear unto me by God that thou '*fc£l|:"£2£-
wilt neither kill me, nor deliver me into
the hands of my mafter, and I will bring
thee down to this company,
16 % And,
down, behold, they were fpread abroad
upon all the earth, s eating and drinking **£%£%&£
and dancing, becaufe of all the great
fpoil that they had taken out of the land
of the Philiftines, and out of the land of
Judah. 17 And David r fmote them from, the ^S&ift.t
twilight even unto the evening of + the ,^e'7 .'2fi"~19"
O O f Heb, their morrow,
next day: and there efcaped not a man
of them, fave four hundred young menr
who rode upon camels, and fled.
1 8- And David u recovered all that the "§».$¦ *££
Amalekites had carried away : and David I0"'
refcued his two wives.
19 And there was nothing lacking ft*
them,, neither fmall nor great, neither
fons nor daughters, neither fpoil, nor any
thing that they had taken to them : Davids
recovered alL
20 And David took all the flocks, and
the herds, which they drave before thofe
other cattle, and faid, This is. x David's '^t^l:
fpoil. 21 And David came to the rtWo yVer•9,,0,
hundred men, who were fo faint that
they could not follow David, whom they
had made alfo to abide at the brook Befor:.
and they went forth, to meet David,,
and to meet the people that were with;
him: and* when * David came near toz\ti,l,feu'hi.
the people he ^fainted them.. t or mhdth,m how.
22 ^[ Then anfwered all, the wicked
men, and1 * men of Belial,, of »' thofe that **%£$"%
went with David, and faid,. Becaufe they *°c«-r6"is-2Tim.
went not with us, we will.not give them uHeb.^,
ought ofthe fpoil that we have recovered,.
3,

3I.&3T.53-&47- 31. Jofh. 2. ia.
Judg. 1?. u. Ch.
19. 6. & 20. 3.
aSam. 19. 23.
Heb. 6. 16.

34, 35. 1 Thef. 5.
3. II. 22. 13. Das.
$. 1, 30. Rev. ju
10, 13.

David divides their fpoil.

Before Chrift
1056.

b Gen. 19. 7. Judg,
19. 23.

cPf.442 1.3-

-S.&115.

dNum. 31. 27. Jofh.
22.JJ. Gen. 45. 23.
with Pf. 68. 12.

J Heb. and forward.

fave to every man his wife and his chil
dren, that they may lead them away, and
depart. 23 Then faid David, Ye fhall not do
fo, b my brethren, with that which the
Lord hath given us, "- who hath preferved
us, and delivered the company that came
againft us into our hand.
24 For who will hearken unto you in
this matter ? but, d as his part is that
goeth down to the battle, fo fhall hi^ part
be that tarrieth by the fluff: they fhall
part alike.
25 And it was fo from that day * for
ward, that he 'made it a ftatute and an
ordinance for Ifrael unto this day.
26 ^[ And when David came to Ziklag
he fent of the fpoil unto the elders of
\Z Judah, even e to his friends; faying,
Behold a f prefent for yon of the fpoil of
^25.27. tne enemies ofthe Lord!
27 To them who were in £ Beth-el,
and to them who were in fouth Ramoth,
and to them who were in Jattir,
28 And to them who were in h Aroer,
and to them who were in Siphmoth, and
to them who were in Efhtemoa,
29 And to them who were in Rachal,
and to ' them who were in the cities of
the Jerahmeelites, and to them who were
in the cities of the Kenites,
30 And to them who were in kHor-
mah, and to them who were, in Ch ora -
fhan, and to them who -were in Athach,

I. SAMUEL. Saul murders himfelf.
And to them who we re m f Hebron,

e Pf. 35.27. 1 Chr.
12. i. Prov. 18, '
Pf. 63. 18.
f Heb. bltfmp. Gen.
33. 1 1, c'
iKin.j
2 Gen. i2.8.,Jofli.8,
9.7urhr.i.23.Jofh,
. 13. 8. Sc 15. 48.

hCh. 22. 3. Jofh. 13
16. Sc 15. so.

i Ch. 27. TO. Jndg. J.
16. I Chr. z. 9, 42.

ic Num. 14. 45. Sc 2r>
3. Joih. 19. 4, 17.

Reflections upon Chap. XXX. — Saul's fparing ofthe Ama
lekites did but entail murder and ravage on his own fubjects.
When we .go abroad we know not what fcenes of mourning may
meet us at our return. And, the more comfort we promife our
felves in the creature, the more bitter will be our difappointment.
We had need -to be always in the way of our duty, as it is only in
that we can expect God's protection to ourfelves and families.
He can marvelloufly reftrain the rage of the moft barbarou?, and
fave his people alive in their handy. How hard is it to bear heavy
trials without fretting againft the Lord, and raging againft thofe
who imprudently occafiou them ! But circumftances can never be
fo bad but there is ground for faith in the promifes of God. To
encourage ourfelves in him as our God is the fureft and fhorteft
method of relief from our troubles : and they are generally great
faints indeed who become fuch by means of great fufferings. If,
by neglecting to coufult God, we have formerly plunged ourfelves
into trouble, we ought the more earneftly to afk his direction, in
order to get out of them. He can at once arreft the adverfary,
and conduct us to them. Even difcouraging providences in our

31 j\na 10 taem who were m'tieoron, EefiJo5<,!ma
and to all the places where David himfelf i jom. io. 3. &-,;;
and his men were wont to haunt. ll'&n.'itv'
z Sam. a. 1. Sc 15,
€ H A P. XXXI.
IVlnle David triumphs over the Amalekites on the fouth-
weft of Canaan, dreadful is the mifery of Saul and
his affairs in the north part or middle of it. ( I ) His
army is routed; 1. (2) His fons ar e flain; 2. (2) He
and his armour-bearer fall on theirfwords, and mur
der themfelves ; 3^—6- (4) His country is poffeffed
by the enemy; 7. (5) His head and armour are
expofed as a fubjecl of triumph to the Philiftine idols,
and his body faflened on the wall; 8 — 10. (6) With
¦difficulty the men of ' Jabeflj-gilead recover his and his
fins' corpfes, and honour them with a decent funeral;
11-- 13.
NOW a the Philiftines -fought againft a?6$:\f-£
Ifrael : and the men of Ifrael fled
from before the Philiftines, and fell down
* flain in mount Gilboa.
2 And the Philiftines followed hard
upon Saul and upon his fons ; and the
Philiftines flew b Jonathan, and Abinadab,
and Melchi-fhua, Saul's fons.
2 And the c battle went fore againft
Saul ; and the archers hit him ; and he
was fore wounded ofthe archers.
4. Then d-faid Saul unto his armour-
bearer, Draw thy fword, and thruft me
through therewith ; left thefe uncircum
cifed come and thruft me through, and
c abufe me. But his armour-bearer would
not; for he was fore afraid. Therefore
Saul ftook a fword, and fell upon it.
5 And, when his armour-bearer faw

Deut. 28. 15. Lev.
26. 25, 36.

* Heb.lh.-icithroulh,

b 2 Kin. 23. 27. Eccl.
9. I12. Deut. 32.
40 — 52. ch. 14. 49.
iChr. 8. 33. Sccfi
39. & 10. 2.
c 2 Sam. J. 4 — 10.
Amos 2. 14. Jur.
48.44-

djildg.9.54. iChr.
10. 4.

e Or mock me Jndg.
16. 21. Sc 9. 54.

flChr. 13.4, 13, T4.
ver. 6. Mat. 27.4,
2 Sam. 17. 23.

way fhould but excite and animate our faith to prefs forward.
Cruelty, even to fervants, entails mifery on the guilty, while com
panion and charity ufually brings its own reward. We know not
how much good or evil the weakeft inftruments may do us. Great
events often depend on fmall and unexpected accidents. Carnal
fecurity is the great mean of a finner's deftruction. The dance
and fong often hand them forward into everlafting fire ; when de
ftruction cometh upon them fuddenly in an inftant. Such follow
ers of Chrift as are willing, but weak, ought to be comforted under
their infirmities : but the heart of the covetous is hardened againft
the fufferings of the needy : and it is neither the beft companions,
nor the beft inftructions, that will change the hearts of men of
Belial : but rulers muft oblige fuch to comply with the miniftra-
tions of equity. Such as have fhewn us kindnefs deferve a recom-
penfe when God puts it in our power: nay, liberality in compli
ments is, on fome occafions, great prudence, and an urgent letter
of recommendation. But in a time of need it will require all
engagements to conftrain us to our duty-.

Saul and his fons are buried

CHAP. XXXI.

by the Jab efh-gile adit c

Before Guilt
1056.

14. 25. Hof. 13.10,
it. PI. 78. 62.

that Saul was dead, he fell likewife upon
his fword, and died with him.
•^•F'iVo'?!- 6 So Saul6 died, and his three fons,
IO. Q- UCC , - ' 1- I, 2* '
S.'job7;"*;^ and his armour-bearer, and all his men,
that fame day together.
7 ^[ And when the men of Ifrael that
were on the other fide of the valley, and
they that were on the other fide Jordan,
faw that the men of Ifrael fled, and that
{,^6',6.*;j,|: Saul and his fons were dead, h they for -
fook the cities and fled ; and the Phili
ftines came and dwelt in them.
8 ^[ 'And it came to pafs on the mor
row, when the Philiftines came to ftrip
the flain, that they found Saul and his
three fons fallen in mount Gilboa.
9 And k they cut off his head, and
ftripped off his armour, and fent into the

Ifctut. 28. 33
1 Chr. 10. 7.

i I Chr. I0.8. 1 Chr
2D. 25<

k Ver. 4. ch. 17. 51
54. 1 Chr. 10. 9.
Judg. 16. 23, 24.
z ism. I. z- .

Be<ors Chrift
IO56.

land of the Philiftines round about to
publifh it in the houfe of their idols, and
among the people..
10 And they put his armour in the
houfe of lAfhtaroth: and they faftened '^'.''w"!?'
* 12. JUdg. \. 27.
his body to the wall of Beth-fhan.
1 1 % And, when the inhabitants of
m Jabefh-gilead heard + of that which the
Philiftines had done to Saul,
1 2 All the valiant men arofe, and went
all night, and took the body of Saul, and
the bodies of his fons, from the wall
of Beth-fhan, and came to Jabefh, and
n burned them there. ^Z'fkL^.
12 And they took ° their bones, and c-2Sam.2V5.&
.J .' ' 21. 12, Gen. 35. 8.
buried them under a. tree at Jabefh, and
fafted feven days-

m Ch. 11. 1 — 11.
2 Sam. 2. 4 — 7.
Judg. 21. 8—14.
X Ot ccnccrninz h in

Reflections upon Chap. XXXI. — In what fearful deftruc
tion Ifrael's defire of a king, and Saul's difobedience to God, iffue
at laft ! Dreadful is the cafe of profeffors when once the Lord has
abandoned them. He turns our comforts into croffes; and the
death of our children in our punifhment may render our own doublv
miferable. In what awful fovereignty God flays the righteous
with the wicked ! All things here come alike to all ; but eternity
¦will make the difference.. God in righteous vengeance fuffers

them to be their own murderers, who had murdered his priefts, or
attempted to murder his favourites. But horrid indeed" is that
pride which makes men rufh into eternal mifefy in order to efcape
a little infamy. In what- fhame, and difgrace, and mifery, do un-
fan$:ified honours terminate ! And fearful is the fate of thofe who
couruhe devil's friendfhip and direction; But gratitude, even to
the wicked, muft never be neglected.

The Second BOOK of SAMUEL

Contains the hiflory of forty years; exhibiting the troubles and triumphs of the man according to God's own heart; particularly
his concern for the death of Saul and Jonathan; i. His ftruggles againft,. and prevalence over, the houfe of Saul; ii. — iv.
His inftalment on the throne of Ifrael; bringing up the ark to Jerufalem, and refolution to build a temple for it; v.  vii.
His kindnefs to Mephibofheth ; ix. His conquefts of the Philiftines, Moabites, Edomites, Syrians, and Ammonites; v. viii. x.
: xii. xxi.. His adultery with Bathfheba, and murder of Uriah ;, with, the punifhment of it in the death of his adulterous child ;
in the inceft and murder of Ammon; in the rebellion, inceft* and death of Abfalom ; and in the revolt of Sheba; xi. — xx.
His removal of the famine inflicled for Saul's murdering of the Gibeonites; xxi. His fong of praife for his deliverances',
xxii. His laft words, and the lift of his noted, warriors; xxiii. And his flopping ofthe plague which he procured by his
numbering of the people ; xxiv.

Before Chrift
1056.

C H A P. I.
Here (i) Jin Amalekite brings Said's crown and
bracelet to David, and pretends to give a particular
account of the battle, and tf the death of Saul and
his fons; i — io. (2) Overwhelmed with grief,
David orders this Amalekite to be killed upon the
fpot, as one who boafled of helping Saul to difpatch
himfelf; 1.1 — 16. (3) He draws up an honour
able elegy on Sfaul md Jonathan.; 17—27.

N

OW it came to pafs after the death
of Saul, a when David was

Before Chtift
I056.

re

turned from the flaughter of the *\™.'sfz]l,ff
Amalekites,. and David had b abode two b^T."7'6',Ci,r-
days in Ziklag ;
2 It came even to pafs con the third zGz™£d:,%Ys\
day that, behold,, a man came out ofthe L^SfcX
* 20, 19.

An Amalekite pretends to have flain

II. SAMUEL. Saul; .and is juflly executed by David.

Before Chrift
,IOS6-
< Gen. 37. 29. Jofh,
7. 6. 1 Sam. 4. 12.

tJJch. 1.2,3. iSsr.i
4. 16, 17-
* Heb. What sects,
See.
i .Sim. 31. 1 — 6.
Ti Chr. jo. j — 6.

j Prov. 14, 15. &
S.c. Z.

f Heb. nseetaii, I
met.
- h sSam. 31. 1—6.
2 Chr. 10. 1 — d.

i Heb. Behold mi.

i Gets. 14. 7. Exod.
17. 8—16. Num.
54. 20. Deut. 25.
17—19. 1 Sam. 15.
3. &27. 8. Sc 30.
H Or my coat of mail,
tss my embroidered
coat hindereth me,
that my, See
-k 1 Sam. 31.4.&22.
18. MaT.7,2.Judg,
9-5*-

JCh. 3.31.*: 13.3'-
Gen. 37.29. Jolh.
7.6.
ai Mat. 5. 44. 1 Pet.
3. S. Amos 6. 6.
Rom.12.15. Jer. 0.
1. Lam. i — v. Pf.
35. 13, 14. Prov.
14, 17, 18. I Cor,
%z. 26. 2 Cor. 11,
*$¦ H«b. 13. 1, 3.

camp from Saul d with his clothes rent,
and earth upon his head : and fo it was,
when he came to David, that he fell to
the earth, and did obeifance.
3 And David faid unto him, From
whence comeft thou ? And he faid unto
him, Out of the camp of Ifrael am I
efcaped. 4 And David faid unto him, e * How
went the matter ? I pray thee, tell me.
And he anfwered, f That the people are
fled from the battle, and many of the
people alfo are fallen and dead ; and Saul
and Jonathan his fon are dead alfo.
5 And David faid unto the young man
that told him, s How knoweft thou that
Saul and Jonathan his fon be dead ?
6 And the young man that told him
faid, As + I happened by chanbe upon
h mount Gilboa, behold, Saul leaned upon
his fpear; and, lo, the chariots and horfe
men followed hard after him.
7 And when he looked behind him
he faw me, and called unto me. And I
anfwered., + Here am I.
8 And he faid unto me, Who art
thou ? And I anfwered him, I
1 Amalekite. 9 He faid unto me again,
pray thee, upon me, and flay
" anguifh is come upon me, becaufe my
life is yet whole in me.
10 So I ftood upon him, and k flew
him; becaufe I was fure that he could
not live after that he was fallen : and I
took the crown that was upon his head,
and the bracelet that was on his arm, and
have brought them hither unto my lord.
1 1 % Then David took hold on his
clothes, and ' rent them ; and likewife
all the men that were with him :
1 2 And they m mourned and wept, and
fafted until even, for Saul and for Jona
than his fon, and for the people ' of the
Lord, and for the houfe of Ifrael ; be
caufe they were fallen by the fword.
1 3 ^[ And David faid unto the young
man that told him, Whence art thou}
And he anfwered, I am the foil of a
sftratiger, an Amalekite.

am an

Stand, I
me : for

14 And David faid unto him, " How~
waft thou not afraid to ftretch forth thine
hand to deftroy the Lord's anointed?
1 5 And David ° called one ofthe young
men, and faid, Go near, and fall upon
him. And he fmote him that he died.
1 6. And David faid unto him, p Thy
blood be upon thy head ; for thy mouth
hath teftified againft thee, faying, I have
flain the Lord's anointed.
1 7 % And David q lamented with this
lamentation over Saul and over Jonathan
his fon :
1 8 (Alfo he bade them r teach the
children of Judah the ufe of the bow :
behold, /"/ is written s in the book * of
Jafher.) 1 9 ' The beauty of Ifrael is flain upon
thy high places : u how are the mighty
fallen! 20 x Tell // not in Gath, publifh //
not in the ftreets of Afkelon ; left * the
daughters of the Philiftines rejoice, left
the daughters of the uncircumcifed
triumph. 21 l Ye mountains of Gilboa, let there
be no dew, neither let there be rain upon
you, nor fields of offerings ; for jhere the
fhield of the mighty is vilely caft away,
the fhield of Saul, as though he had not
been a anointed with oil.
22 From the blood of the flain, from
the fat of the mighty, the bow of Jona
than turned not back, and the fword of
Saul returned not empty.
23 Saul and Jonathan were lovely and
b pleafant in their lives, and in their death
they were not divided : they were c fwifter
than eagles, they were ftronger than lions.
24 Ye d daughters of Ifrael, weep over
Saul, who clothed you in fcarlet, with
other delights, who put on ornaments of
gold upon your apparel.
25 How are the e mighty fallen in the
midft of the battle ! O Jonathan, thou
wafl flain in thine high places.
26 I am diftrefied f for thee, my bro
ther Jonathan : very pleafant haft thou
been unto me : thy love to me was won
derful, palling the love of women, )

Before Chrift
I?56-
n Num. 12. 8. Pft
105. 14, 15. 1 Sain.
24. 6: Sc zi. .7, j,
10. & 10. 1. & j 1,
4-
0 Ch. 4. -10,12. Judg.
8. 20. 1 Sam. 22.
18. 1 Kin. 2, 25,
34, 46.
p Lev. 20. 9. Judg, g,
24. Gen. 9. 6.
I Sam. 26. 9. job
15. 6. Prov. 6. 2,
Luke 19. 22,

q Gen. 50. n. 2 Cir.
IS- 25.

r Gen. 49. 8, Dent.
33- 7- 1 Sam. 31. 3,

s Jofh. 10. it. An
uninfpiredhitiory '
of the Hebrews.
* Or ofthe upright
tDeut.4.4,7,8.ver. 23. I Sam. 31, 8.
11 Ver. 25, 27. Lam,
5- 16. If. 1. 11. PC
78. 62.
x Mic. 1. 10. Judg.
16. 23. 1 Sam. 31.
9-
7 I Sam. 18. 6. Exod,
15. 20, 21.

z Judg. 5. 2J. Job }.
3, 4. jer. 20. 14,
Mat. 21, 19.

Ch. 10.
ii. 5.

1. ci If.

bOrJu-eet. iSam.o.
1. & 18. 1.

cCh. 2.18.6123. 20.
J Chr. 11. 8. If. 5.
16, 29. Hab. 1 8.

d iPet.j. 3. iTim.
2. 9. Pf. 68. 12.
Jer. 2. !2.*ifhJob
30.9. Rev. 11. 10,

e Ver. ig, x7.Aai».
5. it>.

f j Sam. 18. 1—3. &
19. 1, 4. & 20. 7—
17, & 23. 16— 18-

David is anointed king
zy How are the mighty fallen, and 8 the
weapons of war perifhed !

CHAP. II.

over Judah.

Before Chrift
g 2 Kin. 2. 12. & 13.
14 Lam. 5, 16, PI
89. 42, 43.

Before Chrift
1055.

CHAP. II.
Having paid his due refpecls to the memory of Saul
and Jonathan, (1) David, direcled by God, goes
up to Hebron to be anointed king; 1—4, (2) He
-folemnly thanks the inhabitants of Jabefh-gilead for
the grateful and laudable refipecl which they had
fhewn to the dead bodies of Saul and his fons; 5 — 7*
(3) Abner fets up IJh-bofheth, the moft infignificant
of Saul's fons, in oppofition to David: and almoft
all the Ifraelites, except the tribe of Judah, fubmit
to his government; 8 — 11. (4) A civil war is
kindled in Ifrael betweent hepartifans ofthe two kings.
Abner caufes twelve men of each party to engage
hand to hand, who ail fall down flain together ; 12 —
16. Abner' s party is beaten; and Af ah el, the bro-
tiherofjoab, through his obftinacy, is flain by Abner;
17 — 23. At laft Joab, at Abner 's requefl, founds a
retreat, and Abner marches off; 24 — 29, The
flain on both fides are reckoned; 30—32.
AN D it came to pafs after this that
David a inquired of the Lord,
faying, Shall I go up into any of the
IzeCf^'.iztz c[t[es 0f Judah ? And the Lord faid unto
him, Go up. And David faid, Whither
fhall I go up ? And he faid, Unto b He
bron. 2 So David went up thither ; and
c his two wives alfo, Ahinoam the Jez-
reelitefs, and Abigail Nabal's wife the
Carmelite. 2 And d his men that were with him
did David brine up, every man with his

them, h Bleffed be ye of the Lord, that
ve have fhewed this kindnefs unto your h Ruth i.s.& •.»
lord, even unto Saul, and have buried
him. 6 And * now the Lord fhew kindnefs
and truth unto you : and k I alfo will
requite you this kindnefs, becaufe ye

i Mat. 5. 7. iTim,
1. 16—18.
Ic Philem.18. Mat. 5.
44. Pf.112. 5. Mat.
10. 16. Eph. 5. 15.

have done this thing.

1 Ch. 10. T2. 1 Sam.
4. 9. I Cor. 16. 13.
Eph. 6. 10. 2 Tim,

a Num. 27 ,zt. Judg'
1. 1, 2. Sc 20. 18,
13, 27. ch. s. 19,
23. 1 Sam. 23. z,
^,.&30.7j°

b Gen. 23. z. Num.
ij. 22. Jofh. 1:1.3.
& 14. J4tJS- tCiske
j. 39. 1 Sam. 30.
-it-
c 1 Sam, 25. 4i.4?.
&30. 5. &27.3.
aTim. 2.12. Luke
22. 28, 29.

d 1 Chr. 12. J, See.
1 Sam. 22. 4. Sc 27.
2. Sc 30. 10.

m 1 Sam. 14. 50. etc
17. sj. Sczb. 14,
15. en. 3. 18.
nEfhbaal. iChr. 8.
33. fee ver. 15.
0 Gen. 32.2. Jofh. 21.
38. ch. 17. 26, 27.
p Num. 21.24, 35- Ss
xxxii. Deut. 3. ix.
—17. Jofh. 13. 9—
ZI.
q Gen. 25. 3. Pf. 83.
8. Ezek. 27. 6.
•All except the tribe
ofjudah.

• Jofh.ll. 11,11. i.'.
the fuburbs, or
cities around.

f Gen. 49. 8—10. ch.
19. 11, 42. 1 Sam.
30. 26—31.

% 1 Sam. 31. 11—13,
- with it. 1 — 11.
I Chr. 10. 11,12.

houfehold: and they dwelt ein the cities
of Hebron.
4 f And the men of Judah came ; and
there they anointed David king over the
houfe of Judah. And they told David,
faying, 'That g the men of Jabefh-gilead
were they that buried Saul.
5 ^[ And David jfent meffengers unto
the men of Jabefh-gilead, and faid unto

7 Therefore * now let your hands be
ftrengthened, and be ye valiant : for your
mafter Saul is dead, and alfo the houfe of
Judah have anointed me king over them.
8 % But ™ Abner the fon of Ner, cap
tain of Saul's hoft, took n Ifh-bofheth the
fon of Saul, and brought him over to
0 Mahanaim ;
9 And made him king over p Gilead,
and over the q Afhurites, and over Jezreel,
and over Ephraim, and over Benjamin,
and over * all Ifrael.
10 Ifh-bofheth Saul's fon was forty
years old when, he began to reign over
Ifrael, and reigned r two years. But the ' ^*- waf-
houfe ofjudah followed David.
1 1 And s the time that David was king s ": VJhr!^:
in Hebron over the houfe of Judah was &14'
feven years and fix months.
12 ^T And Abner the fon of Ner, and
the fervants of Ifh-bofheth the fon of
Saul, + went out from -Mahanaim to p™*.'
1 Gibeon. «*£:*!• *n»*
13 And " Joab the fon of Zeruiah, and « jciw. 2. ,&«r.
the fervants of David, went out, and met 1%.%.%?-™$:
x together by the pool of Gibeon: and l^,;i29.,'7¦&^s,
they fat down, the one on the one fide of x^)tr4Tttr'
the pool, and the other on the other fide
of the pool.
1 4 And Abner faid to Joab, Let the
young men now arife, and y play before
us. And Joab faid, Let them arife.

y Ver. t, 16, 17, IS.
Prov. 12. 13. Sc'io.
23. Sc 26. 18.

Reflections upon Chap. I.- — How glorious is it to be tho
roughly mortified to all worldly advancements, even when a king
dom is promifed ! He that believeth does not make hafte. But
fcafe minds readily meafure others by themfelves ; who, for the fake
of favour or gain, will blemifh their character, if not endanger their
life. How ftriking are the judgments of God ! Saul fpared the
Amalekites when God commanded him to kill them, and thereby
forfeited his crown. An Amalekite now boafts that he had killed
Saul, and brings his crown and bracelet to David. How ofteo are
men fo fond of their marks of dignity as thereby to endanger their
life! But fad anguifh feizes on departing finners! And it is mad to
Vol. I.

flee to death as a relief, when hell follows after. It is proper to la
ment the death of our relations, however wicked fome of them have
been ; and to punifh murderers, whatever friendfhip they may pre^-
tend. Death ihould wipe out the injuries which have been done
to us. And let us fpeak nothing, but in commendation, unlefs
when duty forces us to it. But let the triumphing of the wicked -
over the caufe of God be always grievous to us. In fine, let this
fong teach us generofity towards our injurers ; gratitude towards
our fteady friends ; and a deep concern for the honour of our God,
and the welfare of our country.

M

m m

Abner \ ititving crowned Ifh-bofheth, II. SAMUEL.

commences a war againfl David.

iSe'Fofc Chrift
Cir. 1054.

; Ver. 8. 1 Chr. Bi ,
33 ch. 3.8, 14. &
nr.

• Mat it, The feU
-%ff'rong men, or
rocks.

»Ver.9.Pf. z. 1— 5.
Afls 5. 40.

b 1 Chr. 1. jB. ch. j.
30.

e Ch. 1. 23. rtelw.
12. 8. ECCI.9.-11.
Amos 2. 14.
f Heb; oi one if the
reel that is m V£f

d Heb. from after Ab.
tier. £ccl. 6. 10.

in togethered *

• Garment, or ^ nZ,
Jndg. 14. 19.'

f fc«cl. 6. 9, 10. Gen.
4- *I-

Ch. 3. 17. & 4. 6,
jV ao, 10.

1 5 Then there arofe and went over by
number twelve of Benjamin, which per-
tamtd to z Ifh-bofheth the fon of Saul, and
twelve ofthe fervants of David.
16 And they caught every one his
fellow by the head, and thrttfl his fword
his fellow's fide; fo they fell down
wherefore that place was cail-
Helkath-hazzurim, which is in
Gibeon* 17 Atid there was a very fore battle
that 'day : and Abnfer was * beaten, and
the tneh ©f Ifrael, before the fervants of
DaVid. • i'8 '% And there were b three fons of
Zeruiah there, Joab, and Abifhai, -and
Afahei: and Aiahel Was "as light of foot
+ as a wild roe.
19 And Afahei purfued after Abner;
and in going he turned not to the tight
hand nor to the left d from following
Abner. 20 Then Abner looked behind him,1
and faid, Art thou Afahei ? -And he an- '
fwered, 1 -am.
2 1 And Abner faid to him, Turn thee
afide to thy right hand or to thy left, -audi
lay thee hold on one of the young men,
and take thefe his ' areaowr. But Afahei
would not turn afide from following 'of
him. 22 And Abner faid again to Afahei,
Turn thee afide from following <me :
wherefore fhould f I fmite thee to the
ground ? how then fhould I hold up my j
face to Joab thy brother ?
23 Howbeit, he refufed to turn afide :
wherefore Abner with the hinder end of
the fpear 'fmote him £ under the fifth rib, ,
that the fpear came out behind him; andj
he fell down there, and died in the fame
place : and it came to pafs, that -as many;

h Jolh. ix. Sc 10. 2,
4, ji. Sc 18. 25. Sc
21. 17. ver. 13. ch.
- 20. 8. Jer. 41. 12.

"Reflections upon Chap. II. — -It is proper to commence;
every important project with folemn prayer to'God. Such as wait
upon God for direction fhall be led in the right way to 'their king- ]
3am.; but ordinarily their advancement is gradual. Such as i
lhared with us in our fufferings fhould fhare with us in our ho-'
nours. Tf we fuffer with Chrift we fhall alfo reign with him. •.
Kindnefs to our friends, or even injurious predecenbrs in office,;
(Ought to be confidered as an obligation conferred on 6urfdlves. !
It -is not enough to praife fuch as have wsfi deferved ; they fhould, |

as came to the place where Afahei fell
down and died ftood ftill.
24 Joab alfo and Abifhai purfued after
Abner: and the fun went down when
they were come to the hill of Ammah,
that lieth before Giah by the way of the
wildernefs of h Gibeon.
25 *f[ ^nd the children of Benjamin
gathered themfelves together after Abner,
and became one troop, and ftood on the
top of aft hill.
26 Then Abner called to Joab, and
faid, Shall the fword devour for ever ?
knoweft thou not that it will be bitternefs
in the latter end ? how long fhall it be
then ere thou bid the people return1 from
following their brethren ?
27 And Joab faid, As God liveth,
k unlefs thou hadft fpoken, furely then
+ in the morning the people had gone up
every 'oiie from following his brother.
28 So Joabhlew a trumpet, -and -all the
people ftood ftill, and purfued after Ifrael
no more, neither fought they any more.
29 And Abner and his men walked -aH
that night through the plain, and pasSed
over Jordan, and went through all * Bith- 1Son«*'7.
ron, and they came to m Mahanaim*
30 5[ And Joab returned fconi fol
lowing Ahmet : and, when he-^had ga
thered all the people together, theise
lacked df David's fervants -nineteen -mea
and Afahei.
31 But the fervants of David "had
fmitten of Benjamin and of Abner's men,
fo that three hiandred and threefcore men

}':¦ IO,f Cl. .-Ill
cir. 1054.

i Ver. 19. Afls 7. 26,
Judg, 21. 2.j

k Ver. 14. Prov. 17.
14. & 15. 1. & fi.
W,*9.
Hcb.fromlbantrn- iti£.

m*SeeX3i2n, -32. I.
Jofli. "21. 3>t. ver.'
8, 12. ch. 17. 24,
26,27.

nCh. 3.»i. i>Km..-ie.
II. "Prov. rS.9. If.
5- 12. & 26. II.

32 % And they ° took up Afahei, and 0,10^.2
buried him in the fepulchre of his father,
which was in Beth-lehem. And Jfoa-b and
his -men went Pall -night, and they -came p;S"sV&
to Hebron at break of tlay.

1. 2 Chr.
21.1. cb.
3. 32. & 4. 12, ti
21. 14.

Pf.
. Ml. 9.1b.
Prov. 22. 29.

if poffible, be recompenfed. And to have thofe for our friends,
whofe fidelity to others hath been tried, is a valuable acquifition.
Through great tribulation faints muft arrive at their honours, and
efpecially their heavenly throne! But how inhumane the heart to
which murder and bloodfhed are a fport! Falfe notions of honour
are part of fhe wiles which Satan ufes for the deftru&ian of man
kind. And they who are forward to rufh on bloodfhed- and war
have ordinarily reafon to repent their rafhnefs before it is con
cluded. The qualifications that fender us proud and wilful are

David profpers ; his family increafes.

CHAP. III.

Abner revolts to David's intent/?.

Before Chrift
I054.

CHAP. in.

ailCin.i4.r>.&is. l6,i;,,-n,i.ivGii
5. 17. Hash. 6. .11.
b Job 8. 7. Sc 17. 9.
Prov. 4.. 18, 19.
Ban. 2. 34. Effh.
6. 13.

Cl Chr. 3. 1—4.

Here, ( 1 ) While David's intereft prevails againfl that
of Ifh-bofheth, his family is built up with children by
his fix wives; I — 5. {2) After fuf porting Ifh
bofheth about feven years, Abner quarrels with him
concerning one sf SauH s t9nfuHne$; ,6— II. (j) Ai>-
ner revolts, reftores to David Michaf his wife} and
enters into agreement with him to render the Ifraelites
hisfitijeSs; 12—21. (4) Joab, in revenge of hii
brother Afahei' s death, and perhaps afraid of fifing
bis paft, treacheroufly murders Abner in his re
turn from his interview with David; 22— =-27;
(5) Utvtnd difcovers great concern fir the murder;
hut durfit -not punifh it, on account of Joc\b and his
brother' s influence in the army:, %%^-ftf}.
NOW there was along war between j
fhe hoiivie of Saul .and the houfe of
David : but b David waxed ftronger and
ftronger, asid the h-mtfe of Saul waxed
weaker and weaker.
2 ^[ And uiEito David c were fons horn
dch.Kiii.Gen.49- in Hebron : &nd his firft-born was4 Am-
non, of Ahinoam the Jezreelitefs ;
« or Daniel. , chr. ^ p^fi y s f^Qon^ «= Chileab, of Abigail,
the wife of Nabal the (Carmelite ; and
f2vi5;vhi7}8,& the third, rAhfaiom±he fon of Maacah,
gch.13.37. the daughter of -s Talmai king of h Ge-
hjofh. 13. n, 13. (flrun-T- •
Deut. 3.14. irhr. <*"»I s
i.3wn. & 4 And the fourth, ! Adonijah the fon
"^nJ4~'l&f of Haggith; .and the fifth, Shephatiah-the
fon of Aibital;
5 And .the fixth, Ithream, by Eglah
•David's * wife : thefe were born io David
in Hebron.
6 ^[And it came to pafs, while there
was war between the houfe of Saul and
the houfe of David, that Abner made
k himfelf ftrong for the houfe of Saul.
7 And Saul had a concubine whofe
name was 'Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah :
.and Ifh-bofheth faid to Abner, Wherefore
Jn,c1',"5„!''hii,n- haft thou m gone in unto my father's

% His firft or beft
beloved wile.

Before Chrift
1049.

r Jisig.zo. 1. ch- 17.
n. & 24. 2. 1 Kin.
4. 24. i. e. over the
vhoie of the I.-
raelites.

s 1 Sam, 13. 14. &
15. 28.
t Luke 16. 5—8. PI.
62.9.

bring about all ifrael unto

* Heb. faritig.
u Gen. 43. 3,

%Vcr.7. Phil. I. 21.
frav.21.3.. 11.8.
9, 10.

I Ch, xi. 10.

ercdthe concubine ?

a ftep 10 uiurp
»Ml2,9.2Ti„,. '8 tl?hen was Abner " very wroth for the
words of Ifh-bofheth; and faid, Am I a

24.' 14. 2 Kin. 8.
'3

*«*X£.t£ 'dog's head, who againft Judah do fhew
kindneis this day unto the houfe of Saul
thy father, to his brethren, and to his
friends, and have not delivered thee into

commonly the means' of our ruin. And often, when we feem ready
to grafp the prize of happinefs, death flops our career, and lays
our bigfwollen hopes and. honour in the duft. But even in war

the hand of David, that thou ci
me torday with a fault concerning
woman ?
9 * So do God to Abner, and more *T*l-<&™'-
alfo, except as the Lord hath i fworn to « j^-^^f '•
David, eyen fo I do to him ;
10 To tranflate the kingdom from the-
houfe of Saul, and to fet up the throne of
David over Ifrael, and over Judah, 'from
Dan even to Beer-fheba.
1 1 And he could not anfwer Abner a
word again, becaufe he feared him. -
1 2 *f And Abner fent meflengers to
David on his behalf, faying, " Whofe is
the land ? faying alfo, ' Make thy league
with me, and, behold, my hand fhall be
with thee, to
thee. 13 Iff And he faid, Well, I will make a
league with thee : but one thing I require
.of thee; * that is, u Thou fhalt not fee
my face except thou firft bring Michal
Saul's daughter when thou comeft to fee
my face.
14 And David fent meffengers to Iflir
bofheth Saul's fon, faying, Deliver me
"my wife Michal, whom I.efpoufed to "**£*£-**'
me for an hundred forefkins of the Phi
liftines. 15 And Ifli-bofheth fent, and took her
from her hufband, even t from Phaltiel yph'S'.ls'44'
the fon of Laifh.
16 And her hufband went with her
along * weeping behind her to aBahurim. * iL^^of . t>
Then faid Abner unto him, Go, return
And he returned.
i7"f[And Abner had communication
with the elders of Ifrael, faving, Ye fought
for David t in times paft 'to be king over *£b,i5?3S"'
you: 18 Now then do it; for the H Lord b JfS: S^S,
hath fpoken of David, faying, c By the *'u^
hand of my fervant David I will fave my
people Ifrael out of the hand of the Phi
liftines, and out of the hand of all their
enemies. 1 9 And Abner alfo fpake in the Cars

17. 3c 20. 25.
2CI1.16.5.& 10. li.

24. TO. VS.
811. 19—04. Gen.
49. &—.10. 1 Svn,
14. 1, IS.

human blood fhould be fpared as much as poflible.— Life, one*
loft, can never be recovered.
M m m z

Joab treacheroufly murders Abner. II. SAMUEL.
of d Beniamin : and Abner went alfo

David honourably inters and bewails him.

Bctochin 0f a Benjamin : and Abner went alto to
«usam.,o.2o,2i. fpeak in the ears of David in Hebron all

1 Chr. 12. 29.

and that

e tSel. 26. 30. & 31.
54.Efth.L3.Gen.31. 46. Sc 43. 16.
Exod. 18. 12.
x Sam. 25. 26.

t Ch. 2. 9. Mat. 3. 5
-Phil, 2. 21.

guilt-CD

Before Chrift
1049.

(Oflfh-bofheth's forces j or rather
of Philiftines, A-
rabiani, Amalek- witn
ites.&c.

* Heb. pan;, tme

tJudg.i4.i5.&i6. 5—07-
IjNum. 27.17. Dent,
28. 6. Pf, J2I. 8.

i 1 Kin. z. 5. ch. 2.
23. & 20. 9,10. Pf.
55. 11. 8c 12. 2.
Prov. 5. 3, 4.
f Or ceaailbly.

that feemed good to Ifrael,
feemed good to the whole houfe of Ben-
jamin. 20 So Abner came to David to Hebron,
and twenty men with him. And e David
made Abner and the men that were with
him a feaft.
21 And Abner faid unto David, I will
arife and go, and will gather f all Ifrael
unto my lord the king, that they may
make a league with thee, and that thou
mayeft reign over all that thine heart
defireth. And David fent Abner away ;
and he went in peace.
22 % And, behold, the fervants of
David and Joab came from purfuing a
" troop, and brought in a great fpoil
them : but Abner 'Was not with
David in Hebron ; for he had fent him
away, and he was gone in peace.
23 When Joab and all the hoft that
was with him were come, they told Joab,
faying, Abner the fon of Ner came to the
king, and he hath fent him away, and
he is gone in peace.
24 Then Joab came to the king, and
faid, What haft thou done ? behold, Ab
ner came unto thee ; why is it that thou
haft fent him away, and he is * quite
gone ?
25 Thou knoweft Abner the fon of
Ner, that he came to s deceive thee, and
to know thy h going out and thy coming
in, and to know all that thou doft.
26 And when Joab was come out from
David he fent meffengers after Abner,
which brought him again from the well
of Sirah : but David knew it not.
27 And when Abner was returned to
Hebron ' Joab took him afide in the gate
to fpeak with him + quietly ; and fmote
him there under the fifth rib, that he
died, for the blood of Afahei his brother.
28 % And afterward, when David heard

it, he faid, I and my kingdom are k
lefs before the Lord for ever from the
1 blood of Abner the fon of Ner : ?• "¦?• '- +
m Let it reft on the head of Joab, n

k Gen. ji. sj. Job
31. 2,4. Deut. 21.
-X7.3

j Sam. 2. 31, 36.
2 Kin. 5. 27. Pf,
S09. 8—19. Sc 140.
II. Sc 55. 23.

Prov. 24. 5.

o Gen. 37. 29, 34.
Jofh. 7. 6. 2 Kin.
19. 1. ch. 1. 11.
Judg. 11. 35. "

king

p Heb. ted. Luke 7.
14. In it dead bo
dies were carried
to the grave.

29 "~ Juei. 11 reu ou me ncau ui jvau, 4.9,10.
and on all his father's houfe; and let there "gfcl?,-**
not fail from the houfe pf Joab one that
hath an iflue, or that is a leper, or that
leaneth on a ftaff, or that falleth on the
fword, or that lacketh bread.
30 So Joab and Abifhai his brother
"flew Abner, becaufe he had flain their i^?,",*
brother Afahei at Gibeon in the battle.
3 1 «([ And David faid to Joab, and to
all the people that were with him, °Rend
your clothes, and gird you withfackclbth,
and mourn before Abner. And
David himfelf followed the Pbier.
32 And they buried Abner in Hebron :
and the king lifted up his voice, and
'wept at the grave of Abner; and all the '^l,*^?™*
sr O ij. pf. 35. 13,, 14.
people wept.
22 And the king lamented over Abner,
and faid, + Died Abner as a fool dieth ?
34 Thy hands were not bound, nor
thy feet put into fetters : as a man falleth
before + wicked men, fo felleft thou. And
all the peopled wept again over him.
2$ And when all the people came to
-s caufe David to eat meat, while it was »cb..».i7.j«..&
yet day, David fware, faying, t So do tve^ch.^.u.
God to me, and more alfo, if I tafte bread,
or ought elfe, till the fun be down.
36 And all the people took notice of
it, and Hit pleafed them: as whatfoever " "&%«?"'*'*
the king did pleafed all the people.
37 For all the people, and all Ifrael,
underftood that day that it was not of
the king to flay Abner the fon of Ner.
38 And the king faid unto his fervants,
Know ye not that there is a prince and a
great man fallen this day in Ifrael ?
39 And I am this day " weak, though
anointed king; and thefe men the fons
of Zeruiah be too hard for me : the Lord
x fhall reward the doer of evil
to his wickednefs.

t He died, not by his
own cowardice,
but by Joab*»
treachery.

t Heb. children tf
iniquity.
x Gen. 50. 10. Num.
20. 29. Deut. 34.
8. j Sam. 25. 1. ch.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — It is vain to ftruggle againft
the purpofe and promife of God ; for fure, though gradual, are the
honours and triumphs which come from above. How often might
men have had as many children, and much more comfort in them,

according

a For Exod. 21. 12.
2 Chr. 19. 6. Prov.
25. 5, & 21. 3,
Rom, 13. 4. Gen.
'9. 6. ch, 19. T
x 1 Kin, 2. 5,6,311
34. Pf. 62. 1». ¦
Prov. 21. 3. Sc Vs.
8.Pf. IOI.8.&7J.
2,10. If.j.u. Mat,
7.2. Jndg. 1.7.
Prov. I. 31. & 13-
21. Jer. 2. 17,19.
& 4. 18. & 5. 15-
Sc 6. 19. Rom, 2.
8,9.

in keeping clofe to God's ordinance of one wife! For thofe things
frequently prove our greateft fcourges in which we promifed our
felves the greateft comfort. Wicked men's folly and fin are made
fubfervient to the fulfilment of God's promifes or purpofes. But

Ijh-bojheth murdered by his fervants.

CHAP. IV.

David punifhes the murderers.

Before Chrift
1049.

a Ch. tt. 1. Ezra 4.
4. Neh-O- 6- Zeph.
3. 16. If. 13. 17.&
7. J. Pi. 53- S-

b Ch. 3. 22. iKin.
6. 215.

• Heb. ferved.

c Jofh. 18. 25. Sc 9.
•7'

dNeh. 11. 33. Its
inhabitants were
called Gittites.

eCh.9.3. 8c 19.16.

f 1 Sam. 29. 1. & JI.
i-g.

g Or Merihaal.
I Chr. 8. 34. & 9.
40.
k iTim. 6. 10. Jude
ji. 2Chr. 24. 25.
Sc 25. 27. Sc 33.
24. Mat. 26- 15.
i Prov. 24. 33, 34.
ch. II. 2 — 4. Mat,
24. 50. j Thef. 5.
*.3>

k Ch. 2. 23. it 3, 27.
Sc 20. 10.

CHAP. IV.
Jfh-bofhetVs death follows that of Abner, (i) Two of
his fervants and relations murder him, and bring his
head to king David, expecling a reward; I — 8.
(2) After fhewing them the horrid nature of their
conduit, David orders them to be flain as murderers,
and their hands and feet hung up as monuments of
their deteflable deed; 9 — 12. (3) Providence had
difabled Mephibojheth, the fon of Jonathan ; 3, 4.
AND when Saul's fon heard that Ab
ner was dead in Hebron a his hands
were feeble, and all the Ifraelites were
troubled. 2 ^ And Saul's fon had two men that
were captains of b bands : the name of
the one was Baanah, and the name of
the * other Rechab, the fons of Rimmon
aBeerothite, ofthe children of Benjamin :
(for c Beeroth alfo was reckoned to Ben
jamin :
3 And the Beerothites fled to d Git-
taim, and were fojourners there until
this day.)
4 And Jonathan, Saul's fon, had e a
fon that was lame of his feet. He was
five years old f when the tidings came of
Saul and Jonathan out of Jezreel ; and his
nurfe took him up, and fled : and it came
to pafs, as fhe made hafte to flee, that
he fell, and became lame: and his name
was £ Mephibofheth.
5 And the fons of Rimmon the Bee-
rothite, Rechab and Baanah, h went, and
came about the heat of the day to the
houfe of Ifh-bofheth, who 'lay on a bed
at noon.6 And they came thither into the midft
of the houfe, as though they would have
fetched wheat ; and they k fmote him

rafh accufation feldom iffues well ; and proud men can as feldom bear
a reproof from thofe whom they have greatly obliged. Weak
kings are but flaves to their own fervants. And there is but little
dependence to be placed on thofe whofe zeal for our fervice is but
to gratify their own ambition. It reflefts little honour upon us
when humour, not confeience, reduces us to our duty. It is
indeed our duty to undeceive thofe whom we have impofed upon.
But wicked fuppreffors of the truth, fighters againft their con
feience, and traitors to thofe who have trufted them, have feldom
either the grace or honour to be diftinguifhed inftruments in the
great works of God. While wicked men are proud enough to
overbear their fuperiors, they are often bafe enough to ftoop to
the moft deteftable treachery, in order to gratify their revenge, or
deftroy their fufpefted rivals. How hard it is when kings can

under the fifth rib : and Rechab and Baa
nah his brother efcaped.
7 For when they came into the houfe
he lay on his bed in his bed-chamber;
and they fmote him, and flew him, and
beheaded him, and 'took his head, and
gat them away through the plain all
night. 8 And they ra brought the head of Ifh
bofheth unto David to Hebron ; and faid
to the king, n Behold the head of Ifh
bofheth the fon of Saul thine enemy,
who fought thy life: and the Lord hath
avenged my lord the king this day of Saul,
and of his feed.
9 % And David anfwered Rechab and
Baanah his brother, the fons of Rimmon
the Beerothite, and faid unto them, As
the Lord liveth, who ° hath redeemed
my foul out of all adverfity,
10 p When one told me, faying, Be- pCh
hold, Saul is dead, (thinking to have
brought good tidings,) I took hold of him
and flew him in Ziklag, t who thought
that I would have given him a reward

Before Chrift
1049.

Sam. 17. 54. Se
¦sh 18.
&37-

31. 9. job 18. 5.
Pf. 1. 4. 1

m Ch. j. 10. 2 Kin,
10. 7. Mat. 14. 14.

nPf. 12.2.&55.21.
1 Sam. 20. 1. Sc
23. 15. Prov. 29.
IO. Mat. 2. 20.

0Cen.48.16.Pf.3r. 5. Sc 19. 14. Sc 71.

1. I— 16.

h

t Or which was the
reward I gave him
/tr his tidings.

31. Pf. 9. 12.
Ezek. 3. 18, 20.
Rev. 13. 10. Sc id.
6.

for his tidings:
1 1 How much more when wicked men
have flain a righteous perfon in his own
houfe upon his bed ? fhall * 1 not there- 'STf^i*
fore now require his blood of your hand,
and take you away from the earth ?
12 And David commanded his young
men, and they r flew them, and cut off ' a"^.'^."-
their hands and their feet, and s hanged s °™'„"- ll- ch-
them up over the pool in Hebron. But
they took the head of Ifh-bofheth, and
buried it 'inthe fepulchre of Abner in tCi-i-it-
Hebron.

only mourn over crimes committed, but dare not punifh them
becaufe of the power of the guilty ! Long impunity makes finners
confident. But, though murder may pafs unpunifhed for a while,
the vengeance due to it will come at laft ; and God will not fuffer
the tranfgreffor to efcape. ,
Reflections upon Chap. IV. — Dreadful are the effecls of
war ; numerous and great the perils of infancy ; to have efcaped
them unhurt is a fingular mercy. God foon removes every ob-
ftacle to the fulfilment of his purpofe and promife : and the moft
flourifhing families are quickly reduced to1 the moft weak and
abjeft conditions. The higher men's ftation is, the more dangerous
it is : and, when once they begin to fall, every pretended friend is
ready to haften forward their ruin, and make religion a pretext for

David is made king over all Ifrael;

lis S A M IT E L. fubdumhe Jebufites; defeats the Philiflines.

Before Chrift
1048.

CHAP. V.

»Vcr. 3. iChr. 11.
1 — 3. & 12. 23, —
40. Pf.97. i. Rev.
11. 15.
k Ch. 19. 13. Deut.
17. 15. If. 58. 7.
Judg. q. 2. Heb. 2.
ji— 10. Eph. 5. jo.

t Num. 27. 17.
1 Sam. 18. 13, 16.
If. 55. 4. Heb. 2.
10. Mic. 2. 13.
d 1 Sam. 16- 12. ch.
7. 7- Pf, 7»- 7i,7a.
John 10. 3, 4, 10.
If. '40. ri. £2ek.
54- s-J- Sc 37- *h
**

ClChr. 11. j. 2 Kin.
u. 17. I Sam. II.
15.
fjudg. 11. 11. 1 Sam.
zj.rt.
g 1 Sam. 16. IJ. ch,
2. 4. Luke 1. 35.
Mat. J. 16. & 28.
18.
b Luke 3. 22, 23.

and they s anointed David

iCh. 2. 11. 1K1X2.
II. I Chr. f. 4. Sc
»°. »7--

|t 1 Chr. ti. 4— 9. Sc
12. 14-40.
1 Judg.'l. 8, 21. &;
19. IO, IT. Jofh.
10 1. Sc 15.63. &
IS. 28.
xi Jer. J7. jo.

:t Ver. 9. i Km. 2.
jo. 1 Chr. ll. 5,
7,8.
* 1 Chr. 11. 6. Jofh
15. 15, 17. TSam
Jt£. 25. & 17- 2;,.

* Or ^Mfiu'< t*«; And
^fclV, uwi /*¦ blinj
and ihc .'nil', 1/tf
fhali ml 16/511 i/lio
»/j hoi.it.

Ifh-bofheth being dead, (i) David is here anointed king
at Hebron by all the tribes of Ifrael.' The time' and
places of his reign; 1— 5. (b.) He m'tfkes himfelf
mafle'r of Jerufalem, notwithfflandth% the Jebufites'
proud defiance; 6—10. (3) Obfei'vittg that God
had eflablifhed him on the throne, he, affifted by Hi-
rani iiAg of Tyre, builds himfelf a palate; n, 12.
(4) He increafes his family with new wives and
children; 13, 15. (5) Directed by God, he gains
repeated victories over the Philiflines; i6-*-25.
THEN ° came all the tribes of Ifrael
to David unto Hebron^ and fpake,
faying, Behold, We are thy b bone and
thy flefh.
2 Alfo in time paft, when Saul was
king over us, thou Waft he that cleddeft
out and broughteft in Ifrael : and the
Lord d faid to thee, Thou fhalt feed my
people Ifrael, and thou -ftialt be a captain
over Ifrael.
3 So all the elders of Ifrael came to the
king to Hebron ; and king David e made
a league with them 'in Hebron f before
the Lord
king over Ifrael.
4 5f David was h thirty years old when
he began to reign, 'find he reigned forty
years. 5 i In Hebron he feigned over .Judah
feven years and fix -months ; and in Jeru
falem he reigned thirty and thtee years
over all Ifrael and Judah.
6 '% Arid the king and his men k Went
to 'Jerufalem unto the Jebufites, the jn-
habitants of the land ; which fpake unto
David, faying, m Except thou take aWay
the blind and the lame, thou fhalt not
come in hither : thinking David cannot
come in hither.
j Neverthelefs, David took the ftrong
hold of Zion.: " the fame is the city of
David. 8 And David faid on that day, "Who
foever getteth up to the gutter, and fmit
eth the Jebufites, and the lame, and the
blind.; that are hated of David's foul, he
jhall be chief and captam. * Wherefore

they faid, The blind and the lame fhall
not come into the houfe.
9 So David dwelt in the fort, and
called it the city of David. And David
built rouiid about from p Milk) and in
ward. 10 And David ? went on, and grew
great; and the Lord God of hofts was
rwith him.
1 1 % And 5 Hiram king of Tyre font
meflengers to David, and cedar trees, and
carpenters, and mafons : and they built
David an houfe.
1 2 And t David perceived that the
Lord had eftablifhed him kin-g over Ifrael,
and that he had exalted his kingdom ufor
his people Ifrael's fake.
13 <j[ And David x took him more
concubines and wives out of Jerufalem
after he was come from -Hebron: and
there were yet fons and daughters born
to David.
14 And y thefe ie the names of thofe
that were bota unto him in Jerufalem ;
z Shammuah, and Shobarb, and Nathan,
and Solomon,
15 Ibhaf alfo, and "Elifhua, and -Ne-
pheg, and Japh-ia,
1 6 And Elifhatftaa, and b Eiiada, and
Eliphalet. 17 ^ But, when the c Philiftines -heard
that they had anointed David king over
Ifrael, all the Philiftines came up to feek
David ; and David heard &f it-, and went
down d to the hold.
18 The Philiftines alfo came and fofead
themfelves in the e valley of Rephaim.
19 And David inquired ofthe Lord,
faying, Shall I go up to the "Philiftines ?
wilt thou deliver them into mine hand ?
And the Lord b faid unto David, Go up ;
for I will doubtlefs deliver the Philiftines
into thine hand.
20 And h David came to Baal-perazim ;
and David fmote theijn there, and faid,
The Lord hath broken forth upon mine
enemies before me as the breach of wa-

Bcfore Chrill
1047.

p 1 Kin. 9. 15, 14. Sc
11. 27. 2CI11. 32.
5. not Judg. 9. 6,
20, 40.

q Heb.zoent going and
growing. Job 17. 9.
a Chr. 1. 1. Luke
2. 52, Prov. 4. 18.
r Gen. 21. 22. Rom.
8. 31. If.41, 10—
t^-Sc 46.5,4,
l I Chr. 14. 1, 1 ttin.
5. I.

1 1 Chf. 14. 2. AV 17.
7. ch. 7. 16. If. 1.
26. Pf. 75. -6. &
127. 1.
u If. 45. 4. & 43 . 14.

X I-Chr. 14. J— 7.
with DeUt.-J7. 17*
Gen. 25. 5, 6,
2 Chr. 11. 18— 21.
Sc 13. 21.

y I Chr. 3. 5—9. ii
14- 4—7-

zShimea. iChr.j.ft

a Elifhama. iChr,
j. 6.

b Beeliada. 1 Chr.
14.7.

1047.
ClChr. ti.t6.'cV't.J,
8, 9. Pf. 2. I— 5.
Rev.iji. 15, 18.

AVer. 9. 1 Chr. 11.*.

eGen. 14. 5. If, 17. 5.
Jofh. 15. 8. ch. 23.
13. ver. 22.
fNum. 17; 2t. Jude.
1. 1. iSatn. 23. 2,
4,II.-& 30 7. ch.
2. 1. Pf. 73. 28.
PrOv. 3. 5, 6. *
I Chr. 14. io.
g Prov. 3.6. Pf.JT.
5, 6. with 1 Saul.
28.6.

h 1 Chr. 14. it. If.
28.21.Pf. 44-S.&
118. 10— 12.&27.
2, j.

their conduct. Very precarious is their life who have only wicked
iflen for their guardians : but finners' hands make the fnares where
with themfelves are caught, And it is proper that magiftrates

fliould think the beft of their oppofers ; and that they,fhould punifh
treachery and murder, even when it feems calculated to promote
their own interefts.

David routs the Philiflines ; with CHAP. V. VI. great folemnity brings th ark to Jerufalem.

Be'oK: Chrift
I946-
^That'u, The Lord
cf breaches.
i 1 Chr. 14.12. Deut.
7- S. *5-
|| Or took then
away.
fc I Chr. 14. lj.
I Kin. 20. 22. If.
-L6.11.txoJ. 14. 8.
I0y giants. See ver.
18.
pr Ver. 19. ch. 2. I.
I Sahi. 23. 2,4, 10
n.iChr. 14. 14. Jofh.

0 2 Kin. 7. 6. A£ts

J> j'Bson. 14. 0—12.
Judg. 4. 14. * 7.
ti

ters. Therefore he called the name of
that place + Baal-perazim.
21 And "'there they left their images,
and David and his men U burned them.
22 ^"And the Philiftines came up kyet
again, and fpread themfelves in the val
ley of ^ephaim.
23 And when David m inquired of the
Lord he faid, Thou flialt not go up ;
but n fetch a -compafs behind them, and
come upon them over againft the mul
berry trees.
24 And let it be, when thou heareft the
" found of a going in the tops of the mul
berry trees, that then p thou flialt feeftir
thyfelf ; for then fhall the Lord go out
before thee to fmite the hoft -of the Phi-

tines.
, ichr. 14. 15, 16. _ 25 And q David did fo, as the Lord
had commanded him ; and fmote the

'Iiolh's.2,4*;7?,2?.' Philiftines from
Judg. 1.29. iKin.
9. 15-^17.

rGeba until thou come

to Gazer.

CHAP VI.
For about fifty, if not feventy years, the ark of God had
continued at Kirjath-jearim in an obfcure condition.
Now ( 1 ) David and his fubjeSls attempt to bring it
to Jerufalem con ca cart, irfflead of the Levites' fhoul
ders. The Lor,a\ provoked hereivifh', ftrikes Uzzah
dead for Southing it. This terrifies David, and flops
his procedure ; i — n. (a) With great joy David
-brings it up in due form a fhort time after; 12^-15.
(3.) On that occafion David teflifies his abundant joy
inthe Lord, and -kindnefs to his fubjetis; 17-1— 19.
(4) Michal his wife~ reproaching him with the
humble manner in.which he had eqpreflkd his joy before
the ark, he vindicates himfelf; and God punifiies her
¦with barrennefs ; 16, 20 — 23.
AGAIN David a,gathered together all
. the chofen men of Ifrael, thirty
thoufand. 2 And b David arofe, and went with
tttftfi"1, all the -people that were with him, from
d°™/,^et,j. c'Baale ofjudah, to bring up from thence
lZflt,L^ the ark of God, d whole name is called
JiX.8.Ts.pi.8o! ^y the name ofthe Lord of hofts, that

About HJ45.
actus. J- 1 Chr. IJ.
I— 14.

fc 1 Chr- 13.-6.-t Kin.
8. 1—4. Pf. 132.
i-hS.

c Jofh. 7,

1. 1 Sam. 14.-4.
Exod. 15. 22.

dwelleth between the cherubims.

Reflections upon Chap. V.— Though God's. promife tarry
long, it is fully accomplifhed at. laft. He can produce unanimity
in the largeft focieties whenever the ends of his glory require it.
The duties of magiftrates and 'fubj efts are reciprocal, the one
being as. much bound as the other. What vidtory, honour, and
hjUypinefs, attend the peculiar prefence of God with men! and to
hiiti the glory of all our fuccefs ought to be afcribed. But alas \

2 -And they *fet the ark of God upon
a new cart, and brought it out of the
houfe of Abinadab that was in Gibeah :
and Uzzah and Ahio, the fons of Abina
dab, drave. the new cart.
4 And they brought it out of the houfe
of Abinadab which was at -6 Gibeah, ac
companying the ark of God. And Ahio
went before the ark.
5 And h David and all the houfe ©f
Ifrael played before the Lord on all
manner of inflruments made of fir wood ;
even on harps, and on pfaker-ies, and on
timbrels, and on cornets, and on cymbals.
6 *f And ' when they came to *¦ Nashon's
threfhing floor Uzzah put forth hds hand
to the ark of God, and took hold pf it ;
for the oxen ^ fhook it.
7 ' And the anger of the Lo-rd was
kindled againft Uzzah ; and God fmpte
him there for his error ; f and there he
died by the ark of God.
8 And David was ^ difpleafed, beoaufe
the Lord had * made a breach upon Uz
zah : and he called the name of the place
f" Perez-uzzah to this day.
9 And David was "afraid of the Lord
that day ; and faid, ° How ftiall the ark
ofthe Lord come to me $
10 So David -would not remove the
ark of the Lord unto him into the city
of David ; hut David carried it afide into
fhe houfe of p Qbed-edom the Gittite.
1 1 And the ark .of the Lord continued
in the houfe of Chad^edem the Gittite
thfee months : and the Lord i blefied
"Pbed-edom, and all his houfehold.
12 % And it was told king David, fay
ing, The Lord hath bleffed the houfe of
Obed-edom, and all that pertameth unto
him., becaufe of the ark of God. r So
David went, and brought up the ark of
God from the houfe of Obed-edom into
the city of David with gladnefs.

Before Chrift
i°45-
¦f With Num. 4. 14.
Set}. 9. Deut. 12.8.
Mat- 2«. 20. '-with
I Sain. 0. 7. j Chr.
•ft.- '

gThehillofKirjath- jeanni. iiajn.7.

hlChr. 14.8. 2Kin.
1.15. Pf. 47 5,6.
& 68. 15—17-

i I Chr. 13 . 9, 10.
IcOrChidon. 1 Chr.
13 9. i. c. deftroy-
.ing ilroke.

|| OsJlKnJ>!ii.
1 I Chr. 15. 2, rj.
Num. 4. 15. with
i^er. 3. .Ley. ia.,i.
rSam.6.r9. rCor.
II. 30. Pi'. 50. 16.
t Or rafhnefs.

m Jan. 4. 1, 9. Jer.
20.. 10W8. Job 3,
J— 26. Sc 9, 2, 3.
SC A. 17.
\ Heb. broken.
tTtizth,Tbehreath of Uxxah.
IVPf.Ji9.120. I Sam.
-6. zi, zo. & 5, 10.
Luke 5. 8, 9.
Prov. 12. 3.
o Job 25. 6. Jam. I.
5. Mat. 7. -j. Pro/.
3- 5) 6.

p 1 Chr. 14. 13. 14.
Sc lS. »8. Sc 26. 4
-8. Jofh. 21. 24.
or ch. 4. j.

qMat <5.J3. Mal. J.
10. Prov. 3. 9, i- ,.
ITim. .1.8. 2 Cor.
2. 16. I Pet. 2.6—
8. Eph. 1. 3. Pf,
72. 17.

r r Chr. 15. 1—15.
Pf. 132. 1— 18. Sc
24. 7 — 10. & <S8. 1
— 35. 4s xcv— c.
cv. j Chr, xv, xvi.

that God's favours ftjpuld be ufed in the luftful addition of wives
and concubines! If by one wife Adam and Noah peopled a world,
what need for fo many to furnifh one throne ! But, what is fweet in
the mouth will become bitter. in the belly. Meanwhile, behold how
the enemies of.God afiembfe themfelves to their own deftruction !
How little care falfe gods can take. of themfelves or their votaries!
And how men profper in war when they make God their director !

Michal contemns David.

II. SAMUEL.

for his phty.

13 And it was fo, 'that, when they
that bare the ark of the Lord had gone
fix paces, he facrificed oxen and fatlings.
14 And ' David danced before the
Lord with all his might : and David was
girded with v a linen ephod.
15 x So David and all the houfe of
: Ifrael brought up the ark of the Lord
with fhouting, and with the found of the
trumpet. 16 And, as the ark of the Lord came
ych.T.,48T1chr?- into the city of David, ? Michal Saul's
,5coI?.'2AM.Iiui daughter looked through a window, and
faw king David leaping and dancing
before the Lord ; and fhe defpifed him
in her heart.

Before Chrift
'°45-
• Ver. 3. with I Chr.
15. 2, 15 — 26.
Num. 7. 9.
tExod. 15.20. Judg.
11. 34. &21VI9,
II.
ti 1 Chr. is. 27.
I Sam. 2. 18. &
22. 18.
I I Chr. 15. 16—25,
28. iee ver. 12. Pi,
68. 25—27. & 47.
J,6.«IJ2.7— 18

X I Chr. 15. J. & 16,
j.2Chr.l. 4. Dan.
7. 10,13, 14. Heb.
I. 3. &8. I.

' Heb. ftretched.

% I Chr. 16. 2
j. 26. Eph.

Afls •J-

1 7 ^f And * they brought in the ark of
the Lord, and fet it in his place, in the
midft of the tabernacle that David had
* pitched for it. And David offered burnt
offerings and peace offerings before the
Lord. 1 8 And, a as foon as David had made
end of

an

"as
offering burnt offerings and

\> 1 Chr. 16. J. Pf. 68.
18. Eph. 4. 8. Afls
ao- 35-

peace offerings, he bleffed the people in
the name of the Lord of hofts.
1 9 And he b dealt among all the people,
even among the whole multitude of Ifrael,
as well to the women as men,
one a cake of bread, and a
flefh, and a flagon of wine
people departed every one to his houfe

20 % Then David returned to e blefs
his houfehold. And d Michal the daughter
of Saul came out to meet David, and faid,
e How glorious was the king of Ifrael to
day, who uncovered himfelf to-day in the
eyes of the handmaids of his fervants, as
one of the vain fellows fhamelefsly unco
vered! himfelf!
21 And David faid unto Michal, It was
f before the Lord, who chofe me be
fore thy father, and before all his houfe,
to appoint me ruler over the people of
the Lord, over Ifrael : therefore will I
play before the Lord.
22 And I E will yet be more vile than
thus, and will be bafe in jnine own fight :
and of the maid fervants which thou
haft fpoken of, of them fhall I be had in
honour. 23 h Therefore Michal the daughter of
Saul had no child i unto the day of her
death.

Before ChrjH
>°45-
c Ver. 18. Gen. 18.
19. Jofh. 24. 15.
Pf. 101. 2.
S V*r. ig. Pf. 69. li,
9, 19, 20. Mat, u,
e How bafe. Eccl. 7,
16. If. 59. if.
Zech. 9. 9, & 11,
12, 1 J. If, 49. 7.4
52. 14. & 53. i_
10. Pf. 22.6, Phil,
* 7. «•

f Ver. 14. 1 Cor. J4,
- Ji. J Sam. 13. ta,
&15.28.&16.11,Pf. 78.70—72. ell.
7, II.

g Afts 13.45, 46. &
5. 41. 8c 21. 13.
Phil. 3. 7—14.
1 Sam. 2. 30. Gets,
32. 10. Job 40. 4.
1 Tim. i.ic. 1 Pet
S.6.

hir.j.ii.Hof.j. 14.
i Never. 1 Sam. 15.
35. Mat. 1. 25. If,
as. 14,

CHAP.

VII.

to every
good piece of
So all the

Having fixed the ark near him, David refiolves to build
a magnificent temple for it; and Nathan the prophet
encourages him in it; I — 3. (2) God, by Nathan,
approves the refolution ; but countermands the prefent
execution of it, affigning it to his fon ; and promifes
an entail of bleffings on his family ; chiefly to be ful
filled in the perfon and government of the Meffiah ;
4 — 17. (3) In a folemn prayer, David acknow
ledges his own meannefs, admires the greatnefs and ¦
mercy of God, accepts his promifes, and pleads for. the
fulfilment of them; 18 — 29.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — Perpetual vifibility and fplen-
dour .are no marks of a true church. The ark, the moft noted
fymbol of God's prefence, continued long in obfcurity. God can
be gracioufly prefent with his people, even when they want his
folemn ordinances : and it.is his prefence that renders his ordinances
truly glorious. Such as have high thoughts of him will reverence
all his inftitutions. The greateft need think it.no difparagement
to join with the meaneft before the great God, their common Maker
and Saviour. Singing of pfalms to his praife is alway efteemed when
God revives a fpirit of religion. God's laws relative to the man
ner, as well as to the matter, of his worfhip ought to be exactly
obferved : and the authority of men, or bad precedents, fhould
never weigh more with us than the exprefs word of God. By
rafhnefs and intemperate zeal we are apt to give wrong touches to
God's ark : and no good intention will atone for our irreverence
*,t prefumption. Men are never in greater danger of ruinous
miftakes than in dealing with God. How. apt are the beft to be
difpleafed with God's judgments, rather than with their own fins
which procured them! The awful ftrokes of Providence fhould
move us to repentance and heedfulnefs, but never terrify us from
our duty. None ever loft by their fidelity and kindnefs to God
and his ordinances. It is a happinefs to be in the family or place

where God is duly refperSted. Duty may happily fucceed at laft,
though our firft attempts have been marred. Let us therefore
fearch out and repent of our errors, apply Jefus' propitiatory facri
fice for remiflion of fins, feaft on him as our provifion, and fet
about it anew with proper circumfpection. Only bafe minds
reckon God's fervice mean or indecent : and ridicule, not reafon,
is the common weapon of the enemies of truth. But we muft
not be laughed out of our religious profeflion ; but, the more oppo
fition we- meet with, the more refolutely perfevere. If God knows
our heart to be upright before him, the cenfures of others may lie
light upon us. We can never fufficiently humble ourfelves before
him. And if, in our fervice of him, we have the regard of good,
men, we need not fear the contempt of the irreligious or the great.
While God fhall mark the defpifers of his fervice with infamy and
wrath, we fhall be had in glory and honour.
But let me here think of that folemn joy and triumph wherewith
Jefus, our great ark of God's teftament, was carried up into heaven,
and fet down at the right hand of God : and of that joy and triumph
with which his name is carried through the world by the gofpel, in the
times of his love and days of his power ! O then what harmony and
peace in churches — what familiar feafting on his flefh and blood! And
how dreadful their cafe who difdain to concur in that folemn work!

David refohes to build a temple.

CHAP. VII. Cod' s promifes to David and his feed.

ND it came to pafs, * when the king
icto. ,7.1-27. jl- ¦**¦ fat in his houfe, and bthe Lord had
b.Mh.21.44 &23. 9-j.ven him reft round about from all his
o
enemies, 2 That the king faid unto Nathan the
cHTg.i.^od^. prophet, See now, c I dwell in an houfe
l'iflis,s6. Q£ cefjar) but the ark of God dwelleth

before Chrift
cir. 1042.

I. 1 Kin. --, 4.
2 Chi. 14. 6-

Acls 7. 46. ch. 5.
II. I Ch-. 14. l.&
16. 1. % chr. i.4. within curtains.
di Co . ij.q. 7. Kin.

3 And Nathan faid to the king,

c 1 Chr. 17. 3. Num,
iz- 6. Ames 3. 7

Go,
do all that is in thine heart ; for the Lord
is with thee.
4 ^[ e And it came to pafs that night
rjefiljiS?"'1' that the word of the Lord came unto
Nathan, faying,
5 Go and tell my fervant David, Thus
!\*.l*c<\z.~%: faith the Lord, f Shalt thou build me an
,. Tpe5t:4-'io.'5'.houfe for me to dwell in ?
six^.>,i7'jo;tr,8. 6 E Whereas I have not dwelt in any
I'ch.-.'o'.s-1 ' houfe fince the time that I brought up
the children of Ifrael out of Egypt, even
to this day, but have walked in a tent
and in a tabernacle.
7 In all the places wherein I have
walked with all the children of Ifrael
&\^4let7isf. fpake I a word with h any of the tribes of
isT&v.'iVdi1.'!' Ifrael, whom I commanded to feed my
people Ifrael, faying, Why build ye not
me an houfe of cedar ?
8 Now, therefore, fo fhalt thou fay
unto my fervant David, Thus faith the
J '78*70,71. * "i- Lord of hofts, 'I took thee from the
z.cil:11'ri"*' fheepcote, from following the fheep, to
be ruler over my people, over Ifrael :
Sm-xxxi.' eh.™; 9 And I k was with thee whitherlbever
zC$.'i'ni!'o tnou wenteft, and have cut off all thine
-.:.ch.22.28- enemies out 0f thy fight, and have made
thee a great name, like unto the name of
the great men that are in the earth.
''ch'.'V.ti.^with5' . 10 Moreover, ' I will appoint a place
xk'i£i£xl: f°r mY People Ifrael, and will plant them,
tizlic'Z'.lli that they may dwell in a place of their
37- 25, iff. Hof. 2. 1 • 1 n 1 1
1*. own, and move no more; neither fhall
the children of wickednefs afflicf them
any more as beforetime :
11 And as fince the time that I com
manded judges to be over my people
Ifrael, and have caufed thee to reft from
mExodt.21.1Kin. au< thine enemies. Alfo the Lord telleth
v>t,4.'Ii71'&thee that he mwill make thee an houfe.
" ijK36. joblaf J 2 % And " when thy days be fulfilled,
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
1042.

and thou flialt deep with thy fathers, I
will fet up thy feed after thee, which
fhall proceed out of thy bowels, and I
will eftablifh his kingdom.
13 ° He fliall build an houfe for my°Ss|i||-
name, and I will ftablifh the throne of ^'i,^;.''
" Ad. 7. 47. M.U.
his kingdom for ever. £ HeM-"' JI"
14 p I will be his father, and he fliall l^ffli^t

be my fon. q If he commit iniquity I
will chaften him with the rod of men,
and with the ftripes of the 'children of q ^b8«-^;n-_

44. & 7. 14.
p I Chr. 28. 6, 7.
Heb. 1. 5. Pi. Sg,
26, 17. John ic.30.

t-n^n • Jer- 3°- "• ,Cor-
111C11 . 10. 13. v/it:ilf. 53.
15 But r my mercy fhall not depart iT'lve^if.'si,
away from him, as I took it from Saul, rPf.89.z8.Aasl3i
whom I put away before thee. I4' u' "' J"
16 And s thine houfe and thy king- ! fj*& \°i. \i?£
dom fhall be eftabliflied for ever before %•?¦?*$£*£¦
thee : thy throne fliall be eftablifhed for V.f&X*
J Mat. iS. 18.
ever. 1 7 'According to all thefe words, and j^W^L:
according to all this vifion, fo did Nathan L0^.4'*-^
fpeak unto David.
1 8 % Then went king David in, and
fat before the Lord ; and he faid, u Who " ZlfidsVH?
, , .. 1 Sara. t8. 18. PC
am I, O Lord God ? and what is my %t.tsMi'4'
houfe, that thou haft brought me hi
therto ?
iq And A this was yet a fmall thin°; in x i"JKisi"\£i
C J , s n tph.3. 20. iChr.
thy fight, O Lord God ; but thou haft ^-^-
fpoken alfo of thy*fervant's houfe for a
great while to come. And ? is this the ^y.fittl:
manner of man, O Lord God ? I'piZ'ilV1'
20 And what can David fay more
unto thee ? for thou, Lord God, z knoweft z ^-edXu,
26. Luke 12, 32.

thy fervant.
21 aFor thy word's fake, and accord- a 4C^; S™,^.;:
ing to thine own heart, haft thou done ni*. m. !?»".
all thefe great things, to make thy fervant
know them.
22 Wherefore b thou art great, O ^s5^4'
Lord God: for there is none like thee; Ifi^t^scic'.
neither is there any God beiide thee, ac- %^y;f$f
cording to all that we have heard with I''145' 3'&I*7'
our ears. „ , 1 ... , ciChr.T7. 21. Deut.
22 And L' what one nation in the earth ?',7-?i"-I9pr-
.•/ 147. 10. Amos 3.
is like thy people, even like Ifrael, whom 'J^-1-^-
God d went to redeem for a people to dE*°'< ?-7.*-*:i9.
r r 5> <J- Num. 14. ij
himfelf, and to make him a name, and De^f'lf^y
to do for you great things and terrible, 'nt'.'^.Yev.s.
for thy land, before thy people, which
N nn

David's thankfgiving and prayer.

II. SAMUEL.

Before Chrifl

JI. 4, 5.

J.Ut. 6. 9. Pf. 72.
18,19. John 12.28.

1041. thou redeemed!! to thee from Egypt, ^-ow
the nations and their gods ?
C,^'lift">- 24 For e thou haft confirmed to thy-
¥£'£t' Vi *~e^ tn7 People Iftael to be a people unto,
S'l^hf-U: thee for ever; and thou, Lord, art
2. pi. 48. 14. become their God.
25 And now, O Lord God, the word
that thou haft fpoken concerning thy
n™hl6n%'zUsu' fervant, and concerning his houfe, f efta-
cr': blifli // for ever, and do as thou haft
faid. 26 And s let thy name be magnified
for ever, faying, The Lord of hofts is
the God over Iftael : and let the houfe of
•"iehr^'V 'el- thy fervant David h be eftablifhed before
lo'^^'thee. 27 For thou, O Lord of hofts, God
iHjchr!i7^u.h of Ifrael, haft l revealed to thy fer-
4. 4.. sam. 9. iS. vant^ fay;ngj 1 win bxaild thee an houfe;
kRom:'iJ.'2o72728' therefore hath thy fervant k found in his
heart to pray this prayer unto thee.
28 And now, O Lord God, thou art
1Ji8?r7um7£%6' that God, and 1 thy words be true, and
r'lThens":,'' thou haft promifed this goodnefs unto thy
Heb. 10.13. & 11. r L CJ
«• lervant :
mi chr. 17. ». ver. 2 o Therefore now m let it pleafe thee
25. Num. 6. 24— 7 T
f^V^'" to blefs the houfe of thy fervant, that it
may continue for ever before thee : for
thou, Q Lord God, haft fpoken it, and
with thy bleffing let • the houfe of thy
fervant be blefled for ever.
CHAP. VIII.
Having firft fought the kingdom of God, and the righ
teoufnefs of it, David has other things added to him.
Here ( 1 ) He conquers and triumphs over the
mighty nations around; the Philiflines, Moabites,
Syrians, and Edomites; I — 8, 12 — 14. _ (2) In
prefents, in fpoil, and in tribute, he receives great
wealth, which he dedicates to the fervice of God;
9 — 12. ( 3 ) Having fixed his principal officers, he,
with great equity and honour, governs his fubjecls ;
15—18.

David conquers the Philiflines, &c.
ND • after this it came to pafs that *%™
David fmote the Philiftines, and a,c„r. ,8. t_I?7
fubdued them: and David took bMe-bco;^W(f
theg-ammah out of the hand of thc fcV''""'
Philiftines. 2 And he c fmote Moab, and mea- ^TfSTs!"
fured them with a line, calling them down
to the ground d; even with two lines d™°J0%?At^Y
mea fured he to put to death, and with EpTe™idcWr
one full line to keep alive. And yo the lSam,13J-
Moabites became David's fervants, and
brought gifts. , 103?..
2 % e David fmote alfo Hadadezer the e78.^;ItitIve;r1^;
fon of Rehob, king of Zobah, as * he
went to recover his border at the river v-V-
Euphrates. ^,8.4 d, ra
4. And f David took from him a thou- m-i"£'».c6.'S
\ , - ao- 7.&3J. 16,17*
fand chariots, and feven hundred horfe- Prw-«-3i-
men, and twenty thoufand footmen: and
David s houghed all the chariot horfes, eBf1^y-l6-'°<h-
but referved of them for an hundred
chariots. 5 And, when the h Syrians of Damafcus h^;,|;f-.1^:
1 came to fuccour k Hadadezer king of Zo- ~vi^i!&,0i

12. ch. io. 6, 8,16,
19. I Kin. 11. 2?.
Cen. 15.18. Exud.

bah, David flew of the Syrians two and iir'

8. g. Job g. 13.
If. 31. 3.

k Ver. 3.

twenty thoufand men
6 Then l David put garrifons in Syria *UCh
of Damafcus : and the Syrians became M'S'pSvTli:
fervants to David, and brought gifts. And ll'. IZ'^l*'
the Lord preferved David whitherfoever
he went.
7 And David took mthe fhields of gold "Ji^ft^
that were on the fervants of Hadadezer,
and brought them to Jerufalem.
8 And "from Betah, and from Bero- nS^«:
thai, cities of Hadadezer, king David
took exceeding much brafs.
9 % When ° Toi king of Hamath heard ° ^S&SL.
that David had fmitten all the hoft of
Hadadezer, 1 o Then Toi fent p Joram his fon unto v f^K

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — Gracious fouls are never
weary of working for the Lord ; nor can they, with pleafure, enjoy
their own conveniences while his ordinances are in diftrefs. It is
good to ftrengthen the hands of fuch as have at heart to build up
the church of God : but all our fuccefs depends on God's prefence
and affiftance. Even prophets may be too rafh : they are no fur
ther infallible than as infpired by the Holy Ghoft. God may
approve a work, and yet not the doing of it by a particular perfon.
Nay, he may accept his purpofe, and yet not allow him to execute
it. All true honour and happinefs come from God. Yet the
good purpofes of minifters, magiftrates, and parents, fometimes

entail upon churches, nations, and families, the moft remarkable
mercies. But how great things God hath laid up for them that
fear him ! How abundant, free, fovereign, and lafting, are the
bleffings of his covenant! Yea, pleafant, fervent, and fuccefsful,
are thofe fupplications now, which are animated by, and do redu
plicate upon, the promifes of God impreffed on our heart; particu
larly thofe refpe£ting Jefus Chrift and his grace. Let us then
boldly afk what God hath promifed. Let us never ftagger at the
greatnefs of the mercy, but pray in faith, nothing doubting. Let
it be our conftant defire that God in all things may be glorified. If
we find in our hearts to pray, God will not fail to hear and anfwer.

David's principal officers of fate. CHAP.
Before arift fo^ J)^^ to q f^g fr^ anc} tO blefs
,Het>. asi him of him, becaufe he had fought againft
,..,t. Ge„,43..27. f^a^a(jeZer5 an(j fmitten him : (for Ha
dadezer had wars with Toi). And for am
brought with him veffels of filver, and
veffels of gold, and veffels of brafs ;
r\oh2,,8',"'hrKl9: 1 1 r Which alfo king David did dedi-
Th^hcahS'ioid cate unto the Lord, with the filver and
Eir'Tel.M he.' gold tnat ne ha(l dedicated of all nations
i€Erthedgof. which he fubdued ;
1 2 Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the
children of Ammon, and of the Phili
ftines, and of Amalek, and of the fpoil of
Hadadezer fon of Rehob king of Zobah.
a?2:7pi!'6oCtit'ie?' 1 2 And David sgat him a name when
he returned from fmiting of the Syrians
1 2 Kin. 14. 7. in the ' valley of Salt, being eighteen thou-
i°37. fand men.
" ^,n4?.5Nu'rn&47' i 4 f And u he put garrifons in Edom ;
throughout all Edom put he garrifons ;
and all they of Edom became David's
fervants. And the Lord preferved David
whitherfoever he went. '
X2T'/0i5,p'f5478J"; 1 <; f And David x reigned over all

VIII. IX, He fhews kindnefs to Mephibojheth.

18. ver. 2, 6. Pf.
18. 31— 4f

gfo.vJ'i.: 2-4.' Ifrael; and David executed judgment and
juftice unto all his people.
7»f\*,f#: l6 And 7 Joab the fon of Zeruiah was
i Ki',?.' 4. 3"' over the hoft ; and Jehofhaphat the fon
* cSfe of Ahilud was + recorder ;
at1'chr',s.i6.&24. 1 7 And z Zadok the fon of Ahitub, and
li6-s)X%ni Ahimelech the fon of Abiathar, were
% otlret'etry. ^e priefts ; and Seraiah was the + fcribe ;
a1chr.1s.17. ch. 18 a And Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada
&52j°2c-"37&i' was over both the Cherethites and the
2. 1 ¦ '1. I. y. , .' \. ¦ -.
1 or prime,. Pelethites ; and David's fons were U chief
rulers. CHAP. IX.
Amidft his glorious profperity, David' calls to mind Jo
nathan, his old friend, and the covenant made with
him. IVe have here (i) His kind inquiry after
fome remains of the family of Saul, and difcovery of
Mephibojheth, Jonathan's lame fin; I — 4. (2) His
kind reception of Mephibojheth when brought to him,

7 . / f ueiore »-
and his appointing htm to live at his own table , 1037

Eefore Chrift

5. 44. 1 Pet. 3.9.

d'lChr. 8. 34—38.
Set). 40 — 44. ch. A.

5  8, 10,'ii. (3) The kind provifion he made for —
his famih, giving him whatever had pertained to
Saul his grandfather; 9—13- W 1he "^ft
ami thankful manner in which Mephibojheth received
thefe favours; 6, 8.
ND David faid, Is "there yet any that
is left of the houfe of Saul, that I
may fhew him kindnefs for a Jonathan's "zip^ffl,.
fake ? Je^i'r*
2 And b there was of the houfe of Saul bct.'j|.'il' &*£.*'
a fervant, whofe name was Ziba. And,
when they had called him unto David,
the king faid unto him, Art thou Ziba?
And he faid, Thy fervant is he.
2 And the king faid, /^-there not yet
any of the houfe of Saul, that I may fhew ^^
c the kindnefs of God unto him? And c\Z'&$m£
Ziba faid unto the king, Jonathan hath
yet a fon, who is dlame on his feet.
4 And the king faid unto him, Where 4' &
is he ? And Ziba faid unto the king, Be
hold, he is in the houfe of e Machir the •<*¦**
fon of Ammiel, in Lo-debar.
c % Then kins- David fent, and f fetched f Tsf&lilt
J II p /-¦»«-,¦ , r Vi. 27.13. Sc 5. 6,8.
him out of the houfe of Machir, the fon
of Ammiel, from Lo-debar.
6 Now when Mephibofheth, the fon
of Tonathan, the fon of Saul, was come
unto David, he s fell on his face, and did *»-. ¦ ^'ir
reverence. And David faid,' Mephibo
fheth. And he anfwered, Behold thy
fervant. 7f And David faid unto him, hFearh^;K^
not : for I will furely fhew thee kindnefs, i-It-™:™^
for Jonathan thy father's fake ; and will
reftore thee all the land of Saul thy father ;
and thou fhalt ; eat bread at my table "£¦&*%&
continually. 8 And "he k bo wed himfelf, and faid, kg,t^r£
What is thy fervant, that thou fhouldeft ffctfit:2*'
look upon fuch a dead dog as I am?
9 % Then the king called to Ziba, Saul's

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — Faithful is he who hath
promifed. Now, after many ages, he put 'Ifrael into the full en
joyment of all their promifed territory, from the river of Egypt on
the fouth-weft to the Euphrates on the north-eaft. No mighty
nations, or powerful corruptions, can withftand when God's time
of humbling them arrives. The awful threatenings denounced
againft them take faft hold on them ; and, the more they have op
preffed the people of God, the worfe fate may they expeft. While
the affociattd enemies ofthe church are broken In pieces, thofe armies

are fafe with whom the Lord goes out to the battle. In all warsx
the glory of God ought to be our principal end ; and to him our
whole fuccefs ought to be afcribed. Wars abroad ought never to
hinder mildnefs, good order, and equity, at home. And fuch as
have been faithful friends in adverfity deferve preferment in profpe
rity. But lo ! when God has a temple to build, how he brings
under fuch as would incline to oppofe it, and provides fur Us
expenfe ! N n n 2

Hanun abiifes David's meffengers.

II.

je i

'njury by

a war.

Before Chrilt
'°37-
1 If. 32. 8. ch. 16. I-
)^-yZ-$* to Saul and to all his houfe.

fervant, and faid unto him, ' I have given
unto thy mafter's fon all that pertained

m Prov. 6. 25. ch. 16. m
1— a. 8c 19.26,27.

n I Chr. 8. 34—40.
& 9. 40—44.

oPf. 41.9. Mic. 7. 5.
Phil. 2. 22.

Before Chrift
1036.

1036.

a I Sam. 11. 1. I Chr.
ig. J — 19. ch, 17,
27.

10 Thou therefore, and thy. fons, and
thy fervants, fhall till the land for him,
and thou fhalt bring in the fruits, that
thy mafter's fon may have food to eat :
but Mephibofheth, thy mafter's fon, fhall
eat bread alway at my table. Now Ziba
had fifteen fons and twenty fervants.
1 1 Then faid Ziba unto" the king,
According to all that my lord the king
hath commanded his fervant, fo fhall thy
fervant do. As for Mephibofheth, faid
the king, he fliall eat at my table, as one
ofthe king's ions.
12 And " Mephibofheth had a young
fon, whofe name was Micha. And all
that dwelt in the houfe of Ziba were
° fervants unto Mephibofheth.
13 So Mephibofheth dwelt in Jeru
falem : for he did eat continually at the
king's table; and was lame on both his
feet.
CHAP. X.
Here ( I ) David fends a friendly meffage of condolence
to Hanun king of the Ammonites : but his meffengers,
taken for fpies, are abufed, to his no fmall concern ;
1—5. (2) While the Ammonites prepare for war,
and hire thoufands of Syrians to affift them, David
appoints Joab and Abifhai his generals to invade
. their country. They, with great conducl and bravery,
attack the Ammonites and Syrians, and totally rout
them; 6 — 14. (3) The Syrians, having recruited
their troops, rally again, and are again totally
routed; 15 — 19.
ND it came to pafs after this, that
the aking of the children of Ammon
' died, and Hanun his fon reigned in his
ftead. 2 Then faid David, I will b fhew kind-
Is unto Hanun the fon of Nahafh, as
And

SAMUEL. David refents th
David fent to comfort him, by the hand
of his fervants, for his father. And .
David's fervants came into the. land of
the children of Ammon.
2 And the princes of the children of
Ammon faid unto Hanun their lord,
*Thinkeft thou that David doth honour *™-£fff">«
thy father, that he hath fent comforters

garments

. pf.
109. 4. 2 Chr. 36.
16.

and

ne

2za4.pTr'ov. 2-.10: his father fhewed kindnefs unto me
or 2 Chr. 19. 2.

unto thee? chath not David rather fent "£%xj&™£.
his fervants unto thee to fearch the city, I4'"
and to fpy it out, and to overthrow it ?
4 Wherefore Hanun took David's fer
vants, and d lhaved off the one half of A^V%*Vl?i
their beards, and cut off their
in the middle, even to their buttocks
fent them away.
5 When they told // unto David he
fent to meet them, becaufe the men were .
greatly afliamed : and the king faid,
Tarry at e Jericho until your beards be'^.^t
J 17 k"ut fome village-
grown, and then return. near to it.
6 % And, when the children of Ammon
faw that theyfftank before David, fatu%g&£?
children of Ammon s fent and hired the scz7.xz.
Syrians of Beth-rehob, and the Syrians of s f. $&?£¦*
. / . - -. r j r wftb Num. 13. 4i
Zoba, twenty thoufand footmen, and ot
-king Maacah a thoufand men, and of Ifh-
tob twelve thoufand men.
7 And h when David heard of it he
fent Joab, and all the hoft of the mighty
men. 8 '' And the children of Ammon came ^chr. ,9.9-19.
out, and put the battle in array at the
entering in of the gate : and the k Sy
rians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and Ifli-
tob, and Maacah, were by themfelves in
the field.
9 When Joab faw that the front of the
battle was againft him before and be
hind, he chofe of all the choice men of
Ifrael, and put them in array againft the
Syrians :

Jofh. ij. 11, 13.

h 1 Chr. 19. 8. ch.
23. 8- 11. 13- s, !¦

k Ch. 8. 3, 5. Num.
13. 21. Judg. 11.3.
ver. 6.

Reflections upon Chap, IX. — How quickly fin nearly ex
tirpates the moft nourifhing families ! How often good men, amidft
the hurry of bufinefs, are too long forgetful of their former friends !
But we fhould not only be ready to do good to fuch as need, but
even feek out opportunities, and inquire after proper objects.
Yea, we fhould be peculiarly .earneft in (hewing kindnefs to fuch
as have injured us, or to fuch as have befriended us in our diftrefs.
Nor fhould our kindnefs die with our friends, but extend to their
relations and pofterity, Advancement to high ftations fliould

make us remember poor friends and poor objects with more readi
nefs and tender care. Unexpected favours ought to be -received
with the warmeft gratitude, and the moft felf-denying humility of
mind and behaviour. Honours fit moft glorioufly on thc moft
humble ana modeft. But how amazing is it that, for Jefus' fake,
God fliould feek out us deformed finners of mankind,, reftore to us
our eternal inheritance, and appoint us to feaft continually on, and:
with, Jefus at his table !

Ammonites and Syrians defeated.

G H A P.

X. XI. David commits adultery with Bathfheba.

Before Chrift
1036.

I Heb. t;. i, 3. Neh.
4. 20. Rom. 15. 1,
G.il. 6. 2. Luke
22. 32.

m 1 Sam. 14.6,12. Sc
17. 32. 2 Chr. 32.
7. 1 Cor. 16. 13.
I-. . It . 4 14. Eph. 6.
10. 2 Tim. 2. I.
njudg.10.15. 1 Sam.
3. 18. ch. iG. 10,
II. Job I. 21.

0Mic4.iT— 13. Pf.
2. 1. & 118. 10 —
12. Sc 27. 2, 3.
If. 8. 9, 10.
p I Chr. 19. 16. Pf.
60. title, ch. 8. 3,
5. 1 Kin. 11. 23.

q I Chr. 19. 17.

t To the eaftward.

r I Chr. 19.18. ch. 8.
4. Pf.18. 18.&33.
J6. If. 26. II. &
31.2, 3.

10 And the reft ofthe people he deli
vered into the hand of Abifhai his bro
ther, that he might put them in array
againft the children of Amnion.
1 1 And he faid, l If the Syrians be too
ftrong for me, then thou (halt help me :
but, if the children of Ammon be too
ftrong for thee, then I will come and help
thee. 12 m Be of g-ood courage, and let us
play the men for our people, and for the
cities of our God : and the Lord n do
that which feemeth him g-ood.
13 And Joab drew nigh, and the
people that were with him, unto the
battle againft the Syrians : and they fled
before him.
14 And, when the children of Ammon
faw that the Syrians were fled, then fled
they alfo before Abifhai, and entered
into the city. So Joab returned from the
children of Ammon, and came to Je
rufalem. 15 ^[And, when the Syrians faw that
they were fmitten before Ifrael, they
0 gathered themfelves together.
16 And p Hadarezer fent, and brought
out the Syrians that were beyond the river ;
and they came to Helam ; and Shobach
the captain of the hoft of Hadarezer zvent
before them.
17 And, when it was told David, qhe
gathered all Ifrael together, and paffed
* over Jordan, and came to Helam. And
the Syrians fet themfelves in array againft
David, and fought with him.
18 rAhd the Syrians fled before Ifrael ;
and David flew the men of feven hundred
chariots ofthe Syrians, and forty thoufand

licor.- Ch'tit
IO31;.

horfemen, and fmote Shobach the captain
-of their hoft, who died there. -
10 And, when all the kings that s were sCtV:}ti'4.,t.%1'
7 ' --' , 1 Km. 20. 1. D. in.
fervants to Hadarezer faw that they were *-n-
fmitten before Ifrael, they made peace
with Ifrael, and ferved them. So the
Syrians 'feared to help the children of f *.&\\?*Z:
Ammon any more.
CHAP. XI.
Hitherto David has generally fhone as a faint, as a
warrior, and as a king : but now, for our awful
warning, the gold becomes dim. ( I ) JVhile h.s
troops flruggle in war with the Aiitmonites, he in
dulges himfelf in floth and lewdnefs ; commits adul
tery with Bath-Jheba, the wife of one of his valiant
commanders; I — 5. (2) To conceal his wicked
nefs, he finfully attempts to . kfjn his fpurious child
fathered on Uriah, her hufband; 6 — £3. (3) De
feated in this projeel, he contrives and effeils the
murder of Uriah by the hand of the Ammonites ;
14 — .25. (4) He marries Bath- fheba; 26,27.
AND it came to pafs, a after the year 1*f\"*"f!yz
was expired, at the time when kings £; ^.'fclv'ts.
go forth to battle, that David fent Joab Sd! ,. «: ~°'
and his fervants with him, and all lirael;
and they deftroyed the children of Am
mon, and befieged Rabbah. But David
tarried ftill at Jerufalem.
2 ^[ And it came to pafs, in an even- b a,. 4. ,, 7. prov.
ing-tide, that David b arofe from off his VfihU' ''9'
bed, and walked c upon the roof of the QDf%^t\s.T6:
king's houfe : and from the roof he d faw i^'aS'"*
a woman e wafhing herfelf; and the wo-

t lie

man was very DeautiTu] to look upon
2 And David f fent and inquired after
the woman. And one faid, Is not this
wife of Uriah the Hittite ?

les. 19. 13
dGell. 6.2. Job it. 1,
PI" 119. 37. Mat.
5. 23.

, 1 f Jam. 1. 14. Mat. 5.
Bath-fheba, the daughter of s hham, the *8-
g 1 Chr. %. 5. ch. 23.
34. Perhaps Alii-
• i v, r n" i ihuphers Ion.
4 And David h fent meffengers, and hGcn.?9.7 ,Le,.„.
took her; and fhe came in unto him, and ]T. l^-l?. l8 Job
he lay with her; for fhe was 'purified i^v1-J|:g7|.%

Reflections upon Chap. X. — It is good to return a kind
nefs even to the wicked, and to mourn with the afflicted. Wicked
princes are ordinarily attended by wicked flatterers. Bafe minds
are always the moft fufpicious : and evil fufpicions hurry men into
the moft rafh and ruinous conduct. It is exceedingly criminal to
violate the peifon of an ambaffador. But little pleafure, profit, or
honour, muft be expected from courting or complimenting the in
veterate enemies of God and his people. Calumny often drives
men into obfcurity; but patience will gradually wear off the re
proach. War had need to be made with good advice. No num
bers will be found able to fupport thofe who fight againft God.
Nor is it unwieldly ftrength, but a prudent difpofition and appli
cation of forces, that in battle ufually prevails. Great dangers call

for the greater fortitude. Love of God, and of their countryi
makes the braver! foldiers. Mutual affiftance is a duty incumbent
in every difficulty ; and dependence upon God, in the ufe of the
means, is the fure way to be crowned with fuccefs. What a
mercy is it that inclement winters interrupt the grievous trade of
war, and force the combatants to an unwilling reft ! But finner^,
by their obftinate oppofition to Chrift and his caufe, often bring
upon themfelves redoubled deftruftion. It is happy if they fubmit
before they are totally ruined. — Meanwhile, let mankind beware
of abufing Jefus' minifters and meffages of grace : for the inflamed
vengeance of Almighty God awaits fuch wickednefs as its juft
reward.

David attempts to father the child on II. S AMUE L.

Uriah i and procures his murder.

Before Chrift
1035.

_.lc Which expofcd
her lo death. Lev.
20. 10. Deut. 22.
22. Prov. 6- 34.
)chn 8. 4, 5-
I Pf. 51. tit^ 4, TO,
-14. JobzoJrt— -14.
Prov. 9. 17.

* Heb. t>f the peste ofa
&c.

ra. Job 20. 12. Pf. 44,
ai.&55.2i.Prov,jo. 18. t% 26. 3.5.

n Ezorl. t. 10. rrov.
a8.ij.Pf 55.21. &
12. 2. If. 28. 20.
£ Heb. wf pr pHf after

• 1 Sam. 4. 4. & 14
3 8.

p Mat. io. 24, 25.

^iSars. 1.26. & 17.
55.&ZO. j. th.14

i-.Kah. i.lj. Rev. 17
d..£ph. 5. 11.

H?#tr}.T; TKh 21,
H. Jer .<;.!— 4. Hof,
5. ia. Mic, 7.3—5.

*Pf. 57.4,14. ch.iz.
9. Jer. 10. 23.
| Heb. firvnf.

from her uncleannefs: and fhe returned
unto her houfe.
5 ^f And the woman conceived, and
fent and told David, and faid, k I am
with child.
6 And David fent to Joab, faying,
1 Send me Uriah the Hittite. And Joab
fent Uriah to David.
7 And, when Uriah was come unto
him, David demanded of him " how -Joab
did, and how the people did, and how
the war profpered.
8 And David faid to Uriah, ro Go down
to thy houfe, and wafh thy feet." And
Uriah departe^out of the king's houfe,
and n there "•' f^rrovved him a mefs of meat
from the king.
9 But Uriah flept at the door of the
king's houfe, with all the fervants of his
lord, and went not down to his houfe.
10 And, when they had told David,
faying, Uriah went not down unto his
houfe, David faid unto Uriah, Cameft
thou not from thy journey? why then
didft thou not go down unto thine houfe ?
1 j And Uriah faid unto David, ° The
ark, and Ifrael, and Judah, abide in
tents ; and p my lord Joab, and the fer
vants of my lord, are encamped in the
open fields; fhall I then "go into mine
houfe, to eat and t Adrink- and to lie with
my wife ? as q thou fiveu^" and as thy foul
liveth, I will not do this thing.
12 And David faid to Uriah, Tarry
here to-dav alfo, and to-morrow I will
let thee depart. So Uriah abode in Jeru
falem that day and the morrow.
13 And when David had called him
he did eat and drink before him ; and he
' made him drunk: and at even he went
out to lie on his bed with the fervants
of his lord, but went not down to his
houfe. •j 4 ^[ And it came to pafs in the morn
ing that David s wrote a letter to Joab,
and fent it by the hand of Uriah.
1 5- And he wrote in* the letter, faying,
r Set ye Uriah in the forefront of the
H hotteft battle, and retire ye * from him,
that he may be fmitten, and die.

Before Chrift
IO35.

u Ver. 15, 17, 21
I Sam. 22.17. Afts
S.2g.Prov.iy.i2fc

rudg.9.5;.&7.i. Befheth jharnet ii
put formal.

1 6 And it came to pafs, when Joab
obferved the city, that u he affigned Uriah
unto a place where he knew that valiant
men were.
1 7 And the men of the city went out
and fought with Joab. And there fell
fome of the people of the fervants of
David ; and Uriah the Hittite died alfo.
1 8 % Then Joab fent, and told David
all the things concerning the war;
19 And charged the meffenger, fay
ing, When thou haft made an end of
telling the matters of the war unto the
king ;
20 And if fo be that the king's x wrath ^IfifHiW^
arife, and he fay unto thee, Wherefore
approached ye fo nigh unto the city when
ye did fight ? knew ye not that they
would fhoot from the wall ?
2 1 Who fmote y Abimelech the fon of 7
Jerubbefheth ? did not a woman caft a
piece of millftone upon him from the
wall, that he died in Thebez ? why went
ye nigh the wall ? then fay thou, Thy
fervant Uriah the Hittite is dead alfo.
22 ^[ So the meffenger went, and came
and fhewed David all that Joab had fent
him for.
23 And the meffenger faid unto David,
Surely the men prevailed againft us, and
came out unto us into the field, and we
were upon them, even unto the entering
of the gate.
24 And the fhooters fhot from off the
wall upon thy fervants ; and fome of the
king's fervants be dead; and thy fervant
Uriah the Hittite is dead alfo.
25 Then David faid unto the meffen
ger, Thus fhalt thou fay unto Joab, Let
not this thing * difpleafe thee, for z the •'"«*•»<«'»"<*'»•
fword devoureth one as well as another: zecci.9.i,».isjih.
* make thy battle more ftrong' againft the a ct «. »&
city, and overthrow it : and
thou him.
26 % And, when the wife of Uriah heard
that Uriah her hufband was dead, fhe
mourned for her hufband.
27 And when the mourning was paft
David fent, and b fetched her to his houfe, ^o^:
and fhe became his wife, and bare him

encourage

ct

iSom.
with
5. Sc S.

Nathan is fent to convince

CHAP. xn.

David of hisfn-

Before Chrift
1034,
o,Heb 13.4. Pf. 5. i.
t Mal, l: 5,

»pr. 51. title. ch.T4.
14. Pf. 89. 35. If,
57. 17, iS.
b 1 Kin. 20. 35—41-
ch. 14. 4—10.
Judg 0.7—16. If.
5. t — 6. Mat. xiii.
Luke xv. &c.

c Ch. 3. 1—5- Sc 5.
13 — 16. David had
many wives and
childien.

*Ch. IT. 3. Mic. 7.
5. Prov. 5. 19. .
Uriah had butone
wife.

e-Jobr. 7. 1 Pet. 5.
S. Mat. 12. 43.
Jam.T. 14. i.e. the
devil and flelhly
lull.

a fon. But the thing that David had done
--difpleafed the Lord.
CHAP. XII.
But, though David fell, he was not caft doivn utterly.
Here, (l) By Nathan' s parable, he is made to con
demn himfelf: and, in the explication, he is convinced
and condemned by Nathan in God's name; I — 12.
(2) Upon his repentance, divine remijjicii is inti
mated; but with a re ferve of much temporal judg
ment to be inflicled; 13, 14- (3) To begin the
fearful chafiifement, -he adulterous child fickens and
dies. David behaving as a deeply -affecled peni
tent; 15 — 23. (4) To comfort his broken fpirit,
Bath-Jheba's birth of Solomon is atter.ded with a
declaration of the Lord' s fpecial kindnefs to the child;
24j 25- (5) Perhaps before all thefe events Rab-
bah, the chief city of the Ammonites, is taken, and at
leaft the principal men treated with great feverity ;
16—31.
AND the Lo-rd a' fent , Nathan unto
David. And he came unto him,
and b faid unto him, There were two men
in one city ; the one rich, and the other
poor. 2 The rich man had "exceeding many
flocks and herds ;
3 But the poor man had nothing fave
done little ewe lamb, which he had bought
and nourifhed up : and it grew up toge
ther with him, and with his children ; it
did eat of his own meat,, and drank of his
own cup, and lay in his bofom, and was
unto him as a daughter.
4 And there came a e traveller unto
the rich man ; and he fpared to take of
his own flock and of his own herd, to
drefs. for the wayfaring man that was

come unto him ;, but
man's lamb, and dreffed

f took the
it for the

Before Chrifl
1034.

poorman ten. 3,4,

etre*lc-Y-KT S Ccn- 38. 24. Gal.
gi eauy * 4. a, B.0m. 10. a.
he faid to
* Heb. ij a thi'.d of
death.
h Or is tucrlhy ic d'e.
Gen. 20. 3. Sc 3X.
14.'

that was come to him.
5 And s David's anger was
kindled againft the man ; and
Nathan, * As the Lord liveth, the man
that hath done this thing h fliall furely
die :
6 And he fhall 'reftore the lamb four
fold, becaufe he did this thing, and be
caufe he had no- pity.
7 \ And. Nathan faid to David, kThou
art the man. Thus faith the Lord
God of Ifrael, ' I anointed thee king over ] 'xsv

i Exod. 21. 1
jy. X,. Prov.

I ukc
6.31.

k l?2m. 15 ss. M'
14 4. Li W. ly.lc
Rom. 2. 1.

ID
out of.

the

Ifrael, and I delivered d^
hand of Saul; ^^F
8 And I gave thee thy mafter's houfe,
and thy mafter's-jWives "rinto thy bofom,
and gave thee the houfe of Ifrael and of
Judah; and, if that had been too little, I
would moreover have given unto thee
fuch and fuch things.
9 Wherefore haft thou ra defpifed the
commandment of the Lord, to do evil
iii: his fight ? thou haft killed Uriah the
Hittite with the fword, and haft taken
his wife to be thy wife, and haft flain
him with the fword of the children of
Ammon. .
1.0 Now therefore "the fword fliall
never depart from" tlphe houfe ; becaufe
thou haft aligned me, and haft taken
the wife of 'ifriah the. Hittite to be thy
wife.

Sam. t6. T3. Sc
xviii — xxvi. ch.
ii. v. vii, IS. 5- A,

f Eaftern kings
dinted tiie wive.
of their piedt'Ctf- -
fors tteir pioiicf---
ty.

irrCh. tt. 4, 14.
Exod. :o.T3, 1
Pf. ji, 4, 14.

nMat. 26,51. Scj. z.
Rev. 13. 10. & it».
6. Judg. 1. 7. th.
xiii — xui.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — Lord, what is man when left
to himfelf! On this fide the grave no man is fecure from prefump
tuous fin. The lufts of the flefh are moft powerful and deceitful
evils, and the laft to be fubdued; and fuch as make provifion for
the flefh, by floth and fenfuality, are prepared for every tempta
tion. When we are out of God's way of duty We cann6t expe£t
his proteclion. If our eyes be fuffered to wander, our hearts and
feet wiM foon follow. To indulge finful luft is but to increafe its
cravings. And a heart given up to lewdnefs will facrifice honour,
intereft, friends, nay, God himfelf, to the idol of its hateful pafEons.
Often it requires double care to conceal fin than what would have
been neceffary to prevent it. One fin ordinarily requires another
to hide it. And fuch as have defiled their neighbour's bed will
not ftickto deftroy his foul by drunkennefs, or even his life by
the fword. When fin has hardened the heart, the ftrongeft warn
ings of providence are difregarded. When the devil has once got
a foul before the wind" of his temptations, he can drive it to the
very brink of hell — to deliberate malice and murder. God, how
ever highly difpleafed, may permit men for a time to profper in

their wickednefs, till their particular branches of guilt have become
almoft innumerable. But ftand ftill, my foul, and tremble to be
hold the man according to God's heart, the royal deputy of
heaven — negligent in bufinefs, indulgent of floth, wandering in eye,
and luftful in heart; in old age debauching a lady of good reputa
tion, and the wife of a faithful hero; labouring to impofe a fpurious
iflue. upon an injured friend ; robbing his faithful fervant of his
fenfes by drink, to promote the bafe defign ; deliberately contriv
ing murder, and making the intended victim the bearer of the
murderous mandate ; uiing Uriah's fidelity and valour as the
means of his ruin; involving Joab, and the deferters of their poft,
and the Ammonites, as partners in his guilt : and, in fine, charging
his murder on the providence of God ! Oh, what fearful depths of
corruption muft be in my heart! How aftonifhing is it that Jefus
and his Spirit fhould dwell in fo polluted a refidence! How much
I am indebted to God for his reftraining grace ! Let me then daily
commit the keeping of my foul to God; and, if overtaken in -a
fault, immediately apply to Jefus Chrift for repentance and forgive
nefs of my fins.

Davidrs adulterous child flc kens and dies. II. SAMUE L.

Solomon is born ; Kabbah taken

Berore Chrift
^34-
O Ar.uii7, 9. & 5. z.
Del. 2,-,. 50. ch.
xi i —xviii. & 16.
M.. Mnt.y.l. Jucig.
1.7. Pf. 9. 15,16,
l'lov, 1. ;r- jer. 2.
17, !¦; cv: 4. 18. &
5. 25. & 6. ly. -

P Pf. st. title, t—
16. ch. 24.10. Afts
z. 37. Luke 15. 21.
q 1 Cor. II. 32. Prov.
28. ij. Pi. 32. 1.
' Mic. 7. iB. Zech.
3. 4. If. 44. 2Z. &
38. 17. Lam. 1. jz,
-33-

rlf. 52. 5. Ezek. 36.
20, zj. Rom. a. 14.
Mat. 18. 7. Neh.
s-y-

6 Gen. 4.7. Amos 3
2. Heb. iz. 6.
Exod. 20. 5. Deut

5-9-

tjcr. 18.8. &50.4
. if. 26. 16- with
ver. 12. ch. ij. 31
Zech. 12. 10, 11.
1 fet. 5. 6.

J Heb. do hurt.

aRuth3. 3.ch.6.l7.
Job 1.10. 8c z. 10.
Pf. 39. 9. Sc lly.
67,71. Mic. 7. 7 —
«¦

.-11 Thus faith the Lord, Behold, ° I
will raife up evil againft thee out of thine
own houfe, and I will take thy wives
before thine eyes, and give them unto thy
neighbour, and he fhall lie with thy wives
in the fight of this fun.
1 2 For thou didft /'/ fecretly : but 1
will do this thing before all Ifrael, and
before the fun.
13 And David faid unto Nathan, PI
have finned againft the Lord. And
Nathan faid unto David, q The Lord
alfo hath put away thy fin ; thou fhalt
not die.
14 Howbe^^becaufe by this deed
r fhou haft gnBl^great occafion to the
enemies of the Lord to blafpheme, the
child alfo that is born, unto thee fhall
furely die.
1 5 5F -And Nathan departed unto his
houfe. And the Lord s ftruck the child
that Uriah's wife bare unto David, and
it was very fick.
1 6 David therefore t befought God for
the child ; and David fafted, and went
in, and lay all night upon the earth.
, 17 And the elders of his houfe arofe,
and went to him, to raife him up from
the earth: but he would not, neither did
he eat bread with them.
1 8 And it came .to|p|^on the feventh
day, -that the child^ieoP^Wld the. fer
vants of David feared to telt-him that the
child was dead : for they faid, Behold,
while the child was yet alive we fpake
unto him, and he would not hearken
unto our voice ; how will he then * vex
himfelf if we tell him that the child is
dead ?
19 But, when David faw that his fer
vants whifpered, David perceived that
the child was dead : therefore David faid
unto his fervants, Is the child dead?
And they faid, He is dead.
20 Then David " arofe from the earth,
and wafhed, and anointed himfelf, and
changed his apparel, and came into the
houfe ofthe Lord, and worfhipped : then

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Chap. XII. Ver. 23.— David's confolation could not
atile irom the idea that he fliould die too; a confideration unworthy of fuch a man;

Before Chrifl
1034.

x Jon. 3. 9. Ic T. 6.
Joel 1. is. St 2. 11,
IJ. If. 3»- 1-3-
Amos5.15.Pf 50.
15. Jam. 4.9, ia.

yGen.3. 19. Job?).
S3. Heb. 9. 27. Job
7 — 10. & 14. 10—

he came to his own houfe; and, when
he required, they fet bread before him,
and he did eat.
21 Then faid his fervants unto him,
What th;ing is this that thou haft done ?
thou didft faft and weep for the child
while it Tew -alive, but when the child
was dead thou didft rife and eat bread.
22 And he faid, "While the child was
yet alive I fafted and wept : for I faid,
Who can tell whether God will be gra-
cious'to me, that the child may live ?
23 But now he is dead, wherefore
fhould I faft ? can I bring him back
•again ? I fhall ? go to him, but he fliall
not return to me. --, '
24 % And David comforted Bath-fheba
his wife, and went in unto her, and lay
with her : and z fhe bare a fon, and he
called his name " Solomon : and the
Lord loved him.
25 And he fent by the hand of a Nathan '^.M.™"
the prophet ; and he called his name
bJedidiah, becaufe of the Lord.
26 % And Joab c fought againft Rab
bah of the children of Ammon, and took
the royal city.
27 And Joab fent meffengers to David,
and faid, I have fought againft Rabbah,
and have taken the city of * waters.
28 Now therefore gather the reft of
the people together, and encamp againft
the city, and take it : left I take the city,
and + it be called after my name.
29 And David gathered ail the people
together, and went to Rabbah, and fought
againft it, and took it.
30 And he d took their king's crown
from off his head, the e weight whereof
was a talent of gold with the precious
ftones ; and it was fet on David's head.
And he brought forth the fpoil of the city
* in great abundance. tueb.very,reat.
31 And he brought forth the people
that were therein, and H put them under
faws, and under harrows of iron, and
under axes of iron, and made them pafs
through the f brick-kiln: and thus did7

1033.

zMat. 1.6. 1 Chr.
M.9.&3 5 II. 9.
6,7.
II i. e. peaccsblenefs
and perfection.

10—44.
b That is, Beioved of
the LORD. Mat.
3.17. Sc 17.5. CoU
I. 13.
cCh. 11
1,4.

15. Pf. 117.

Perhaps in
1034.

* That part where
the wells and cif-
terns were*

f Heb. my name it
called upon it.

d 1 Chr. zo. z.
e Or value. Pnv.
13. zz. & 17. 24.
Dan. z. zi.

II Perhaps be only
made them faw
wood and ftones,
rite iron mines,
fell timber, and
labour about fur
naces.
f Furnace ofMolocIu
2 Kin, 16. j.&ij.

but from a firm perfuafion that his child was gone to glory, and that he fhould meet
him there : and fo it affords us the fureft confolation under the death of infants.
6

Before Chrift
103a.

Antnon, by Jonad'ab's direction,
he unto all the cities of the children of
Ammon. So David and all the people
returned unto Jerufalem.
CHAP. XIII.
Here, by unnatural lufl and murder in his family, God
carries on the punifnment of David's fin. ( 1 ) Am
non his fon lufls after Tamar his fifter ; and Jona-
dab his coufin helps him to a method of gratifying his
deteftable inclination ; 1 — •$. (2) Pretending to be
fck, he obtains from his father that Tamar fhould
wait upon him ; -and, having .got his opportunity, he
forces her, notwithftanding her remonflrances ; 6 — ^..
(3) He immediately after hates her; and, toner
further grief and fhame, expels her publicly from his
lodging; 15 — 19. (4) Provoked herewith, Abfa
lom, her broth er-german, refolves to flay Amnon ;
' and, inviting him and his other brethren to a feafty
¦' he .effecls it by his fervants; .20 — 29. (5) The
news of the murder, exceedingly aggravated, greatly
afftlils t David, till the truth appears; 30 — 36.
(6) Abfalom efcapes, and lives with his grandfather,
while David is pained for his abfence ; 37, 38.
AND it came to pafs after this, that
a Abfalom the fon of David had b a
hcen.6.i.&39.-6. fair fifter, whofe name Was Tamar, and
Prov. 11. 30. 1 /• • 1 t 1
ccen. 34. 2, j. Mat. Amnon the fon of David c loved her.
5.28. z Pet. 2 ,14. .p\i\c\ Amnon was fo d vexed, that he
ss i Km. xi. 4- Job t "
s' *• fell fick for his fifter Tamar ; for fhe was
a virgin ; and Amnon thought it hard for
him to do any thing to her.
tprov i7.6.&28. q But Amnon had e a friend, whofe
23. Mic. 7. 5. with -I 7 .
isam.i6.9.ichr. natrie was Jonadab, the fon of Shimeah,
David's brother : and Jonadab was a very
"a£i: {"•'¦ "'f fubtle -man.
4 And he faid unto him, Why art thou,
*He '""'. , Being the king's fon, ' lean + from day to
f Heb. morning by O O ' J
morning. day ? wilt thou not tell me ? And Amnon

id ravijhes hisffler tfamar.

HAP. XIII. procures an
faid unto him, * I love Tamar, my bro
ther Abfalom's fifter,
,5 And Jonadab faid unto him,

aCh. 3. 2, 3. & xiv
—xviii.

Before Chrift,
1032.

gI(.3-9-J'-'- 3'H-",
8. is. Le". 18 9.
h \_J£\I & zo. 17.
..L O XC h'pr' So.iR- Pro'.'.) 9-
thee down on thy bed, and make tnytelt *7. jer. * i-e.
fick : and when thy father cometh to fee
thee fay unto him, I pray thee, let my
fifter Tamar come, and give me meat, and
drefs the meat in my fight, that I may
fee it, and eat // at her hand.
6 % So Amnon lay down, and made
himfelf fick. And, when the king was
come to fee him, Amnon faid unto the
king, I pray thee, let Tamar my fifter.
come, and 'make me a couple of cakes in lQ^ef:^f}'
my fight, that I may ea^Lher hand.
7 Then David fent^Wme to Tamar,
faying, Go now to thy brother Amhon'a
houfe, and drefsifaim meat.
8 So Tamar went to her brother Am^
non's houfe; and he was Maid down. kV"-i-
And fhe took t flour, and kneaded it, and t0""pf
made cakes in his fight, and did bake the
cakes. ;- '.,.-
9 And fhe took a pan, and poured
them out before him ; but he refufed to
eat. And Amnon faid, ' Have out all
men from me. And they went out every
man from him.
10 And Amnon faid unto Tamar, Bring
the meat into ^he chamber, that I may
eat of thine halrd. And Tamar took the
cakes which fhe had made, and brought
them into the'chambec to Amnon her
brother.

ipi. 14. 1. & 50.20,
21. John 3. 20. Jer.
23. 23, 24. Job 24.
13-17. Sc 34- «¦

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — It is dreadful to behold
noted faints continue long impenitent in their fins: and prudent
reproof is always neceflary, efpecially for great tranfgreflbrs-; and
when wifely adminiftered it is doubly effectual. Every wife has
a right to her hufband's moft endeared afteflion. Multiplying of
wives never cures concupifcence, but inflames it. Great finners are
often moft fevere in their cenfures of others. Reprovers ought to deal
plainly and clofely with the confciences of finners, and lay before them
the aggravating circumftances of their guilt; for unbelief is the
great fource of all our wickednefs. They muft pay dear for their
] lifts who dare indulge them. The only way to efcape the judg
ment which we have1 deferved, is by returning to Gad, through
Jefus Chrift, with humble acknowledgment of our guilt. Nothing
caufes more reproach to God, and his caufe, than the fcandalous
falls of profeflbrs ; efpecially of eminent faints, high flattened in
church or ftate. And God will make thofe fins bitter to his
people at laft, in which they fought lafting pleafure, even though
others fhould feem to efcape unpunifhed. Yea, God fometimes
quickly marks his people's fin in their puniftiment; and often
children are afRi&ed in their parents' punifhment. The fickhefs
Vol. I.

of our relations demands our earneft wreftlings with God on their
behalf : and none more than that of diftreffed children, who cannot
pray for themfelves. We brought them into the world heirs of
wrath ; let Us labour to pluck them as brands out of the burning,
and bring them to Jefus the Saviour. If we muft part with them,
let us do it as Chriftians ; and let their death fill us with the moft
ferious impreffions of our own. At the fame time, let us fortify
our patience by the comforting confideration of this pious King : let
us return them into the hand of God, affured that " their angels
" do always behold the face of our Father which' is in heaven,"
and that " of fuch is the kingdom of heaven :" and let it be our only
concern that we meet them again in his prefence. — Meanwhile let
us remember that fubmiffion to God's fti-okes is the way to obtain
the reftoration of his comforts ; and that he will not chide for ever,
but will in wrath remember mercy. — Alas! that, while Joab was
fo zealous for David's honour, David, in his fondnefs for the hea
then crown, and his feverity to the prifoners, fhould have fo little
co'nfulted the honour of his God! But, when men lie hardened in
their luft, what evil are they not capable of committing!
Oeo

Amnon fends away his flfler.

II. SAMUE L. Abfalom* s fervants murder Amnon,

Before Chrift
1032.
¦ Gen. 39. 12. Prov,
7. 13. Rom. 1. 27.
Lev. 18. 9. & 20.
17. Deut. 27. ci.

II Heb. hamhle me.
* Heb. it ought not fo
to be done.
S Lav. 18. 9. Sc 20.
17. Job 31. 1.
• Gen. 34. 7. Deut.
22. 21. Judg. 19.
23, 24. Sc 20. 6,10.
Pi. 93. S.
p Gen. 34. 7. Prov.
7-7.

%\ Prov. i&. 2. Gen,
34. 2. ch. 12. 10.

j Rom. 6. 21. Jer. S.
15. Ezek. 23. 17.
Heb. 3. 13.
^ Heb. ajilfc great
hatred, greatly.

9 Gen. 37. 3. Judg.
5. 30. Pf. 45. 14.

t Jolh. 7. 6. Gen. 37.
29, 34. Jer. 2. 37.
I Sara. 4. 12.
aSain. 1. 2. Job I.
20. & 2. 12. Rev.
18. 19.

f Heb. Aminon, To
.called in contempt,
Tl Pf. 39.9. Rom. 12.
«9-
-* Heb. ret not thine
lean'.
II Heb. and defelstte.

x Ch. 12. 10. with
Lev. 20. 17. Sc 18.
9-

Nay, my
for * n no
Ifrael :

111

being ftronger than

1 1 Andj wheii fhe had brought them
unto him to eat, he m took hold of her,
and laid unto her, Come lie with me, my
fifter. 12 And fhe anfwered him,
brother, do not 'I force me ;
fuch thing ought to be done '
do not thou this p folly.
13 And I, whither fhall I caufe my
fhame to go J and, as for thee, thou
fhalt be as one of the fools in Ifrael. Now
therefore, I pray thee, fpeak unto the
ting ; for he will not withhold me from
thee. 14 Howbe^^ie i would not hearken
unto her voici^^mt,
fhe, forced her, and lay with her.
15^" Then . Amnon jj^iated her + ex
ceedingly; fo that the hatred wherewith
he hated her was greater than the love
wherewith he had loved her. And Am
non faid unto her, Arife, be gone.
16 And fhe faid unto him, There, is no
caufe: this evil, in fending me away, is
greater than the other that thou didft
unto me. But he would not hearken
unto her.
1 7 Then he called his fervant that
miniftered unto him, and faid, Put now
this woman out from me, and bolt the
door after her. %
18 And fe hadw 5 garment of divers
colours upon her^ for with fuch robes
were the king's daughters that were
virgins apparelled. Then his fervant
brought her out, and bolted the door after
her. 19 *f And Tamar c put afhes on her
head, and rent her garment of divers
colours that was on her, and laid her
hand on her head, and wejit on crying.
20 And Abfalom her brother faid unto
her, Hath + Amnon thy brother been
with thee ? but w hold now thy peace,
my fifter : he is thy brother : ' regard not
this thing. So Tamar remained U defolate
in her brother Abfalom' s houfe.
21 % But when king David heard of
all thefe things he * was very wroth.
22 And Abfalom fpake unto his bro

ther Amnon neither y good nor bad : for
Abfalom z hated Amnon, becaufe he had
forced his fifter Tamar.
23 ^[ And it came to pafs, after
two full years, that Abfalom had a fheep-
fhearers in Baal-hazor, which is befide
b Ephraim : and Abfalom invited all the
king's fons.
24 And Abfalom came to the king,
and faid, Behold now thy fervant hath
fh^pfliearers ; c let the. king, I befeech
thee, and his fervants, go with thy fer
vant.- 25 And the king faid to Abfalom, Nay,
my fon, let us not all now go, left we be
chargeable unto thee. And he preffed
him : howbeit he would not go, d hut
blefled him.
26 Then faid Abfalom, If not, I pray
thee, let e my brother Amnon go with
us. And the king faid unto him, Why
fhould he go with thee ?
27 But Abfalom preffed him, that he
let Amnon and all the king's fons go with
him* 28 ^F Now Abfalom had f commanded
his fervants, faying, Mark ye now when
Amnon's heart is merry with wine ; and,
when I fay unto you, Smite Amnon, then
kill him ; fear not : + have not I com
manded you ? Be courageous, and be
+ valiant. 29 And the fervants of Abfalom did
unto Amnon as Abfalom had commanded.
Then all the king's fons arofe, and every
man N gat him up upon his s mule, and
fled. 30 <§ And it came to pafs, while they
were in the way, that tidings came to
David, faying, Abfalom hath flain all the
king's fons, and there is not one of them
left. 3 1 Then the king h arofe, and tare his
garments, and lay on the earth ; and all
his fervants ftood by with their clothes.
rent. 32 And 'Jonadab, the fon of Shimeah
David's brother, anfwered and faid, Let
not my lord fuppofe that they have flain
all the young men the king's fons ; for

Before Chiift
IOJO.
y Lev. 19, 17, Mat.
18. 15.
z Lev. 19. 17. Mat,
18. 15. 1 John 3.

a Gen. 33. 12, 13.
1 Sam. 25. 2, 4, 361
2K111. 3. A.
b Jofh. 17. 18. Jude.
7. 24. Sc 8. 12. &
17. 1. Sc 19. 1, ig,
or 2Chr. 13. 19.0c
15.8. John 11.54.

c Pf. 12. 2. & 35. 20.
Sc 55. 21. Jei. 41.
1,2,6,7. & 9. 3.
Mic. 7. 5. Prov.
z6. 24, 23.

d Ch, 14. 22. Ruth
z. a.

e Pf. 55. 21. Jer. ai.
s, 6, 7. Prov. 2d»
241 *5.

f Exod. I. 17, 22.
I Sam. 22. 17. ver.
14.Jam-1.14. Afts
a. 19. & s. 29.

r Or willysu not,finct
I have commanded
you ?
t Hei.fensofvaUur.

II Heb. rode.
g Gen. 36. 24. 1 Kin.
1. 33. with Lev.
19. 19.

h See ver. 19. ch. 12.
16. Jolh.7. ti. Gen.
37. 19, 34. Job 1.
20.

iVer. 3— 5.

.'/"'

Geftire Chrift
iozo.

fc Or fettled. Gen. 27
41.PC7.14. Prov
24. II, 12. & 17.
J4-

3 Ver. 38. Amos 2.
14. Jer..jl8. 44.

Abfalom flies. Joab, by a widow's
Amnon only is dead : for by the ap
pointment of Abfalom this hath been
k determined from the day that he forced
his fifter Tamar.
33 Now therefore let not my lord the
king take the thing to his heart, to think
that all the king's fons are dead ; for Am
non only is dead.
34 But 1 Abfalom fled. And the young
man that kept the watch lifted up his
eyes, and looked, and, behold, there came
much people by the way of the hill- fide
behind him.
25 And Jonadab faid unto the king,
Behold, the king's fons come : * as thy
fervant faid, fo it is.
36 And it came to pafs, as foon as he
had made an end of fpeaking, that, be
hold, the king's fons came, and lifted up
their voice and wept : and the king alfo,
"ir«" and all his fervants, wept + very fore.
2y % But Abfalom fled, and went to
Talmai, the fon of + Ammihud, king
of Gefliur. And v David mourned for his
fon every day.
38 So Abfalom fled, and went to
0 Gefhur, and was there three years.
39 And the foul of king David longed
to go forth unto Abfalom : for he was
v?z."ci?xl4£* ! comforted concerning Amnon
•he was dead.

CHAP. XIII. XIV- parable, perfuades David to recal Abfalom.

* Heb.aaordinx to the
¦wtrd <fthyw ervant.

-f Heb. with c

mCh. j. 3. & 15. 8. ra
I Chr. 3. %.
% Or jtonmihun.
Xi Or was confumed,
Ch. 14.

• Deut. 3. 14. Jofh.
13. 13. iChr. 2,
2.5. fee ver. 37.

feeing

CHAP.

XIV.

Abfalom's return is here brought about by a contrivance
of Joab. (ij Knowing how much David defired it,
he fuborns a widow ofTekoah to make a feigned com
plaint, and draw from the king a promife of pardon
for her -fon, who had flain his brother; I — li.

Before Chrifl
IO27.

N*

aCh.2. 18. 1 Chr. 2.
16. Sc 18. 5, 33. &
19. 4.
b Ch. 13. 39. Sc 18.
3i- & 19. 4-
C2Chr. 11.6. Neh.
3. 5, 27. Jer. 6. 1.

Ec;|. 9. 8.

f Euod. 4.
¦ 5-

«5- Num.

(2) By an application of this to Abfalom's cafe, an
order is procured for his return ; but he is forbidden
to appear at court; 12 — 24. (3) After an account
of Abfalom's beauty and family, he, after fome re-
puifies, is introduced to David by Joab, and the recon
ciliation perfected; 25 — 33.
OW a Joab the fon of Zeruiah per
ceived that the king's b heart was
toward Abfalom.
2 And Joab fent to c Tekoah, and
fetched thence da wife woman, and faid ^s'.Vi'e!.5'*.'
unto her, I pray thee, feign thyfelf to be
a mourner, and put on now mourning
apparel, and e anoint not thyfelf with oil, e -"• ,m"> ii°*'
but be as a woman that hath a long time
mourned for the dead : _^
2 And come to theikmg, and fpeak on
this manner unto him. So Joab f put the
words in her m$uth.
4 ^[ And, when the woman of Tekoah
fpake to the king, fhe g fell on her face
to the ground, and did obeifance, and
faid, h Help, O king.
5 And the king * faid unto her, What "iVf&ln&l™
aileth thee ? And fhe anfwered, k I
indeed a widow woman, • and mine huf
band is dead.
6 And thy handmaid had two fons;
and they two ftrove together in the field,
and there was l none to part them, but
the one fmote the other, and flew him.
7 And, behold, m the whole family is "J^n***
rifen againft thine handmaid; and they
faid, Deliver him that fmote his brother,
that we may kill him, for the life of his
brother whom he flew ; and we will
deftroy the heir alfo : and fo they fhall
n quench my coal which is left, and fhall

g I Sam. 28. 14. ch.
9. 6, 8. Ruth 2. u.
Gen. 19. 1. Sc 31,
3. &18.2.
h Heb. Save. If. t.
17. Dcuc. 27. 19.

am kch.12.1-4. jud£.
9. 8 — 15. 1 Kin.
*V55— 4«- U- 5-

1 A3s 7. 26. Deut.
17. 6. Sc 19. 15.

n G«n. 27,45. Deut.
25. 6 — 10. Ruth 4.
4,5,10. If. Ii. 21.
z\. Job 18. 10, 17,
19.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — Rightedus, but awful, are
the judgments of God; efpecially when he punifhes fin with fin,
and that remarkably funilar! Children are apt to imitate their pa
rents' fins without imitating their repentance. And near relatives
ihould be cautious that their tender affe&ion does not degenerate
into lawlefs luft. How unbridled is luft when once indulged ! the
body often fuffers through vile affections:, -and no ftation can ren
der the man happy whofe lufts rage within him. ' A wicked and
fubtle friend, who leads to or flatters in fin, is a dreadful curfe. Such
as harbour no ill defigns themfelves are often made inftruments of
iniquity by the crafty finner, as they are moft unfufpicious-. Deeds of
filthinefs feek for fecrecy. It is therefore extremely dangerous for
thofe who have youth and beauty to be alone with the wanton.
But nothing can be more barbarous and foolifh than, for a momen
tary gratification, to ruin a character, render a companion infa
mous and miferable, and rufli into everlafting ruin. Yet where

luft rages men are infenfible of fear or fhame, and deaf to all thc
remonTtrances of reafon and religion : though the pleafures of luft
are quickly turned into loathing and hatred ; and nothing is
reckoned too fhameful or cruel to be done to thc object of it. The
neglect of magiftrates to punifh infallibly occafions more, if not
worfe, crimes : and yet how hard for them to punifh, in their chil
dren, crimes copied after their own ! Revenge is often deepi
rooted, and mafked with pretences of friendfhip ; yea, the longer
it is conce.aled, it often burns the more fiercely : and drunkennefs
remarkably expofes finners to death, and ripens them for hell.
Noneare more ready to imbrue their hands in our blood than our
companions in luxury. What certain grieff, but uncertain com
forts, are the children of the beft and greateft ! How kind is it to
fympathize with the afflicted, and to comfort them the beft way we
can ! And how ftrong is parental affeftion, which cannot be ex
tinguished by the molt horrid and unnatural crimes !
O o o 2

-Abfalom s return,

II. SAMUEL.

and beauty.

Before Chrift
1027.

t> Ver. 11. ch. 16. 4
Prov. iS. 13. Act:
25- 26, 27.

p '--'.--t 27. sc. Gen.
' 27. 13. iKin. 2.
4«45-

q Pf. 119. 49. Num.
35- 11, 12. Exod.
34. 6. Mat. 5. 44,
„ 4?- «• >°3f '3-
r Nam. 35. 19, 27,
Wi'.i 20. 3—6.
r>cut 19. 4—10.
Exod. j.i. 13.
' :C2n.. 14 45.
I Km. I. J2'. Afls
27. 34.

king 1
thou

tCh. 12.7. Rom.. 13.
8. Lev. 19. 35.

u Ch, 13. 38. with
ver. 6, 10, II. ch.
8. IS.
X Heb. 9. 27. Job 30.
23.cn. 18.7, S.Pf.
49. 7, 9, 10. Sc 89.
47,48. Gen. 3. 19.
Eccl. 12. 7.
* Or hccaufc God hath
not taken away his
life, 'c l-.ith alo
dc-.ijcd means, Sec.
y Job 34.19. Acts 10.
34. Ro,.,. 2. II.
2 Chr. K). 7. Gal.
2.6. Ki/h.6.9. Col.
3,25. I Pet. I.T7.
z£xod. 21.T3.Num.
• .35. 15. Jolir. x.c.
Dent. 10. 1 — 10.
Mat. IS. 32, 33.
1 lfeartheywillfuf- tain great lofs, pr
rtiey will be pio-
voked to rebel
- againft thee.

X Heb. /«r reft.
2 1 Sam. 29.9. ver.
20. ch. 19. 27.
Acts 12. 22, it.

not leave to my hufband neither name nor
remainder upon the earth.
8 And the king faid unto the woman,
Go to thine houfe, and °I will give charge
concerning thee.
9 And the woman of Tekoah faid
unto the king, My lord, O king, p the
iniquity be on me, and on my father's
houfe: and the king and his throne be
'guiltlefs. 10 And the king faid, Whofoever faith
ought unto thee, bring him to me, and
he fhall not touch thee any more.
n Then faid fhe, I pray thee, let the
lgK the Lord thy God, that
wouldeft not fuffer the revengers
of blood to deftroy any more, left they
deftroy my fon. And He faid, * As the
Lord liveth, there fhall not one hair of
thy fon fall to the earth.
12 Then the woman faid, Let thine
handmaid, I pray thee, fpeak L one word
unto my lord the king. And he faid,
Say on.
13 And the woman faid, t Wherefore
then haft thou thought fuch a; thing
againft the people of God? for the- king
doth fpeak. this thing as one who is faulty,
u in that the king doth not fetch home
again his banifhed.
14 For we x muft. needs ^rie, and are as
water fpilt on the ground, which cannot
be gathered up again : * neither doth
God y refpect any perfon ; yet doth he
z devife means that his banifhed be not
expelled from him.
1 5 Now, therefore, that I am come to
fpeak of this thing unto my lord the
king, it is becaufe + the people have made
me afraid': and thy handmaid faid, I will
now fpeak unto the king ; it may be that
the king will perform the requeft of his
handmaid :
16 For the king will hear, to deliver
his handmaid out of the hand of the man
that would deftroy me and my fon toge
ther out of the inheritance of Gbd.
17 Then thine handmaid faid, The
word of my lord the king fhall now be
+ comfortable : for, a as an angel of God,

Before Chiift
1017,

fo is my lord the king to difcern good and
bad : therefore the Lord thy God will
be with thee,
1 8 Then the king anfwered and faid
unto the woman, Hide not from me, 'I
pray thee, the thing that I fhall afk thee.
And the woman faid, Let my lord the
king now fpeak.
19 And -the king faid, Is not the hand t
of Joab with thee in all this X And the
woman anfwered and faid, As thy foul
liveth, my lord the king, none can turn
to the right hand or to the left from
ought that my lord the king hath fpoken :
for thy fervant Joab he bade me, and he
put all thefe words in the mouth of thine
handmaid :
20 To fetch about this form of fpeech
hath thy fervant Joab done this thing :
and my lord is wife, according to the
wifdom of an angel of God, to know all
things that are in the earth.
2 1 % And the king faid unto Joab,
Behold now I have done this thing: go-
therefore, bring the young man Abfalom _
again. 22 And Joab b fell to the ground on his bSeever •*•
face, and bowed himfelf, and c thanked c?;fft?;
the king : and Joab faid, To-day thy
fervant knoweth that d I have found- grace d (^k%l%$

m

a
in that

£47.29. Sc 50.4.
Ruth 2.10. 1 Sam.
20. 3.

thy fight, my lord, O king,
the king hath fulfilled the requeft of his
fervant. 23 So Joab arofe and went to ' Gefliur, '^Dem.?,**
and brought Abfalom to Jerufalem. '"i"'"'5'
24 And the king faid, Let him turn
to his own houfe, and let him not f fee fGm-4hi.m.a.
my face. So Abfalom returned to his
own houfe, and faw not the king's face.
25 ^[ s But in all Ifrael there was none
to be fo much praifed as Abfalom for his
beauty : h from the fole of his foot even
to the crown of his head, there was no
blemifh in him. >
26 And when he polled his head (for
it was at every year's end that he polled
//: becaufe ' the hair was heavy on him, iChi,s- »•
therefore lie polled it:) he weighed the
hair of his head- at k two hundred fhekels ksi? pouwl3 "f3

g Heb. And as Alfa-
letn, there' was not
a beautiful man in
all I rati to praije
greatly. Prov. 31.
30. 1 Sam. 16. 7.
&T9.2. Mat.23.Z7.
b If. 1. 6. Prov. u.

after the king's weight.

poilo. G.en,#3 i&,
Lev. 19. 36,

Abfalom's admiffion to his father's prefence.
Beft™ chrii, 27 f And unto 'Abfalom there were
1 ck is. is. job ,8. born three fons and one daughter, whofe
jeTS: io.'4' "' name was Tamar : fhe was a woman of
a fair countenance.
28 5[ So Abfalom dwelt two full years
m ver. m. Gen. 43. \n Jerufalem, and ra faw not the king's
face. 29 Therefore Abfalom fent for Joab,
to have fent him to the king; but he
would not come to him : and, when he
fent again the fecond time, he would not
come. 30 Therefore lie faid unto his fervants,
* neb. near „,tiac,. gee5 Joab's field is * near mine, and he
* j»VVs?5' . p9r'ov. hath barley there ; n go and fet it on
fire. And Abfalom's fervants fet the field
on fire.
3 1 Then Joab arofe, and came to Ab
falom unto his houfe, and faid unto him,
Wherefore have thy fervants fet my field
on fire ?
32 And Abfalom anfwered Joab, Be
hold, I fent unto thee, faying, Come
hither, that Imay fend thee to the king,
to fay, Wherefore am I come from Ge-
fhur ? // had been good for me to have
been there ftill : now therefore let me fee
,°^pro,v^•ii".V,,• the king's face ; and, ° if there be any
Jer. 8. 12. 1 Sam. . . . °. 1 1 • 1 ¦ 1,
J|;^:M,Mat' iniquity in me, let him kill me.
22 So Joab came to the king, and
told him : and', when he had called for
Abfalom, he came to the king, and
p ver. 4, 22. p bowed himfelf on his face to the ground
H «*7;„l6;,&31, before the king : and the king i kiffed
I.*.,,.*, Abfalom.
CHAP. XV.
Now David's lenity ta his children proves his own
fcourge^ ( 1 ) Abfalom artfully depreciates his father' s
government, and infinuates himfelf into the people's
affeclions; I — 6. (2) Pretending a vow, he re
tires to Hebron, fets up for king, and gets a ftrong
party to join him;, f — \i, (3) Informed of this,
David and his friends, with great grief, flee from
Jerufalem; 13— 1 8, 23, 30, 31. (4) In his

CHAP. XIV. XV.

He rebels againfl David.

flight David tries the fidelity of Ittai; 19—22 ; ™™™,ia
orders Zadok and Abiathar to carry back the ark to ,
Jerufalem, and thence to fiend him what information
they could obtain ; 24 — 29 ; and employs Httfhai to
attend Abfalom, and thwart the counfels of the crafty
Ahithophel; 32 — 37.
AN D it came to pafs after this that
a Abfalom prepared him chariots 3 ^v": n**!*
and horfes, and fifty men to run before &I6•l!i•&,8•12•
him. 2 And Abfalom brofe up early, and i^MatUi. ''
ftood befide the way of the gate : and it
was fo, that, when any man that had a
controverfy * came to the king for judg- * HcS- nam"
ment, then Abfalom called unto him,
and faid, Of what city <z/£thou ? And he
faid, Thy fervant is- of one of the tribes
of Ifrael. 3 And Abfafom faid unto him, See,
c thy matters are good and right ; but '^r^X-h1*
d there is no man deputed of the king to \t\\f Ie' Lv-
hear thee. d&S
4 Abfalom faid moreover, Oh that I Tr,T" ^
were e made judge in the land, that every ^S.*'* ™*'
man which hath any fuit or caufe might *"»¦¦*¦¦>¦* *¦
come unto me, and f I would do him f*™^-*-***-
juftice !
5 And it was fo, that, when any man
came nigh to him, to do him obeifance, .
he put forth his hand, and *took him, «£££#;£.
and kiffed him. 55'"'
6 And onf*his manner did Abfalom to
all Ifrael that came to the king for judg
ment: fo h Abfalom ftole the hearts of h^n-3,laPi"w
the men of Ifrael.
7 51 And it came to pafs,. after i forty .,
years, that Abfalom faid unto the king, "^!lffb",?rrau
I. 1 1 . Ic- J years af.er his ad-
pray thee, let me K go and pay my vow, numon « court.
which I have vowed unto the Lord, in k r/.'^e't.i™!.'*
Hebron. 8 For thy fervant vowed a vow, while
I l abode at Gefhur in Syria, faying, If » ch. »;. 37,38. &
the Lord fhall bring me again indeed to m o=n. zs-. M. jer.
O m - O n t - 2J', 1$. jr
Jerufalem, then m I will ferve the Lord, ^-^s-'xcor

t
J02Ii

9. 3, 5. If. 28. 15.
Mic. 7. 5. 2 "
II. 13—15-

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — Moft parents are incapa
ble of continuing due feverity towards their offending children. And
crafty ftatefmen are difpofed to humour their fovereign in his linful
indulgences : yea, with amazing dexterity they can drefs up falfe
hood, to bring about their own defigns. Sometimes they will
•pretend the mercy- of God as a pattern, and the- fafety of the fove
reign from popular irffurreclions, or the near approaches of death,
as reafons, without any real regard to either. The children of this

world are wifer. in their generation than the children of light..
Truth never fhames its author ; and it is honourable to acknow
ledge our obligations. Handfome perfons, and flourifhing families,.
are to little purpofe,. while fin reigns in our heart,, and the curfe
of God hovers over our head. But with what art and perfeve-
ranee do wicked men purfue their carnal fchemes ! Often they
obtain, by their i; folence, what their betters could not do by their
defert'-, or by their earnied and modeft reocuefts.

David and his friends flee.

II. SAMUEL. He orders Zadok to carry bach fhe ark.

Before Chrift
1021.

nCh. 13. 28. 6V14.
jo. Prov. 29. 12,

e Ch. 19. 10. Tob io.
5. Pf. 73.18,

p 1 Sam. tfi. 3. &9-
qProv. 74. T5.&21.
3, & 27. 12. Mat.
jc. 16.
rVer.31.ch. 16.23.
Pf. 55. 12, 14. 3c
41. 9. Mic. 7. 5.
Jofh. 15. 51.
s Num. 2;. 1, i4»jo.
If. 1. 11— 15. &
66. j.
t Pf. 3. 1.&43. 1,2.
& 118. 10—12. &
a. 1 — 6.

.U-Ver -6. Judg. 9. 5.
Pi'. 62. V- ch. 12.

xPf. ;. title. Rev.
J2. 6, 14. Mat JO.
*3» " ,

t Heb. thru]}.

y Exod. 23.2. ch.19,
38. John 6. 66—
- 69. Prov. 17.17. &
18. 24. & 27. iz.

J Heb. thnfe.

9 Htb. at bis fett.
z Ch. 12, 11. & 16.
22.

.a Eccl. 10. 7. Pf. 66.

bCh.8. 18. &20.7,
23. 1 Kin. 1. 38,
44. with iSam. 27,
5,6.

c Ch. 8. 1. & 18. 2.
He was a native
*t Gain.

reigneth in He-

Heb . malt thee
v/ander in goin%.

9 And the .king faid unto him, Go in
peace. So he arofe, and went to Hebron.
10 5[ -But Abfalom fent " fpies through
out all the tribes of Ifrael, faying, As foon
as ye hear the found of the trumpet, then
ye fhall fay, Abfalom
bron. 1 1 And with Abfalom went two hun
dred men out of Jerufalem, that were
p called ; and they went in q their fimpli-
city, and they knew not any thing.
1 2 And Abfalom fent for r Ahithophcl
the Gilonite, David's counfellor, from
his city, even from Giloh, while he s of
fered facrifices^. And the confpiracy was
ftrong ; for the people l increafed conti
nually with Abfalom.
12 % And there came a meffenger to
David, faying, u The hearts of the men of
Jfrael are after Abfalom.
14 And David faid unto all his fer
vants that were with him at Jerufalem,
Arife, and let us x flee ; for we fhall not
elfe efcape from Abfalom : make fpeed to
depart, left he overtake us fuddenly, and
"I" bring evil upon us,, and fmite the city
with the edge ofthe fword.
1 5 And the king's ? fervants faid unto
the king, Behold, thy fervants are ready
to do whatfoever my lord the king fliall
+ appoint. %
1 6 And the king went forth, and all
his houfehold " after him. And the king
left '" ten women, who were concubines,
to keep the houfe.
1 7 And the king a went forth, and all
the people after him, and tarried in a
place that was far off.
1 8 And all his fervants paffed on befide
him ; and all the b Cherethites, and all
the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, fix
hundred men who came after him from
Gath, paffed on before the king.
19 5[ Then faid the king to c Ittai the
Gittite, Wherefore goeft thou alfo with
us? return to thy place, and abide with
the king: for thou art a ftranger, and
alfo an exile.
20 Whereas thou cameft but yefterday,
fhould I this day * make thee go up and
6

down with us ?" feeing I go whither I may,
return thou, and take back thy brethren":
d mercy and truth be with thee.
2 1 And Ittai anfwered the king, and
faid, "As the Lord liveth, and as my
lord the king liveth, f furely in what- place
my lord the king fhall be, whether in
death or life, even there alfo will thy
fervant be.
22 And David faid to Ittai, Go and
pafs. over. And Ittai the Gittite pafled
over, and all his men, and all the little
ones that were with' him.
23 And all the country wept with a
loud voice, and all the people pafled over.
The king alfo himfelf paffed over the
e brook Kidron, and all the people paffed
over, toward the way of the h wildernefs.
24 5T -And lo. Zadok alfo, and all the
Levites were with him, ' bearing the ark
ofthe covenant of God: and they fet
down the ark of God; and Abiathar went
up, until all the people had done palling
out of the city.
25 And the king faid unto Zadok,
k Carry back the ark of God into the city.
If I fliall find favour in the eyes of the
Lord, he will bring me again, and fhew
me both it and ' his habitation :
26 But if he thus fay, I have no de
light in thee ; behold, m here am I, let him
do to me as feemeth good unto him.
27 The king faid alfo unto Zadok the
prieft, Art not thou n a feer ? return into
the ° city in peace, and your two fons
with you, Ahimaaz thy ion, and Jona
than the fon of Abiathar.
28 See, I will tarry in the p plain of
the wildernefs until there come 1 word
from you to certify me.
29 Zadok therefore and Abiathar car
ried the ark of God again, to Jerufalem ;
and they tarried there.
30 % And David went up by the
afcent of r mount Olivet, and + wept as he
went up, and 5 had his head covered, and
he went barefoot, and all the people that
was with him covered every man his head ;
and they went up, weeping -as they went
up.

Before Chrift
I02J. .

d 2 Tim. 1. 16, 18,
Pf.2,3. 6. fcioj.
>7-

e 2Kin. 2.2,4,6.4?
4. 30. I Sam. zc. 3,
f Ruth I. 16, 17.
P.-ov. 17. 17, Sc
18.24. R-oti. 8.30.
John 6. «^-6o,J

g 1 Kin. 2. 37. Sc se,
13. 2 Kin. 11. 4, Ij.
12. 2 Chr. 29. 16.
Sc 30. 14. John
18. 1.
h Ch. 16. 2. Mat. j.
I, 3. Rev. 12. 14.'
i Num. 4. 4. Jofh. 3.
3, 6. jChr. 15. 2,
JS-

k 1 Sam. iv— vi. lei.
3. 3, 8.

1 The tent made for
it. Ch. 6. 17. & 7.
2. If. 38. v..
m Judg. 10. 15.
I 'Sam. 3. 18. Job
I. 20. Pf. 39. 9.
Acts 21. 14.

n 1 Sam. 9. 9. ch. 24.
11.
0 Ch. 17. 17.

p Ver. 23. ch. 16. 2.'
Mat. 3-1,3.
qVer. 35, 36. ch. 17.
ZI.

r Zech.. 14. 4/ Mat.
21. 1. &24. %St
26. 3a Luke 21.
37. Afts 1. 12.
t Heb. going h/> and
weeping.
s Ch. 19. 4. Efth. «.
12. Jer. T4. 3, 4. Sc
.2. 25: If. 29. 3,4.
Luke 19. 41.

^fhe priefls alfo andHufhai return.

CHAP. XV. XVI.

Ziba cheats David.

Before Chrift
1 02 I.
I Ver. 12. Pf. 41- 9-
& 55. 12—14.
Mat, 26. 14, IJ,

5. 23.
. Job 1

20. « 5. 12, 13.

X Luke 19. 29.
1 Kin, 11. 7. ver.
30.
VI Kin. 8.44. Job 1.
20. Pf. iii. Sc 50.
15. Seep. IJ.
X Cb. 16 16—19. Sc
1-. 6—15. Jolh.
16.2.
aCh. 1.2. Sc 13. 19.
Cen. 37. 29, 34.

b Gen. 33.8. ch.14.
14. ver. 31. Ma:. 4,
7. with Act: ij. 31.
ch. 17. 14, 2J.

c Ver. 17. ch. 17. 17.
Sc 18. 19—29.

d Ruth I. if,. Prov.
17. 17. Sc 18. 24.
en. 16. 17.

,31 ^f And one told David, faying,-
1 Ahithophel is among the confpirators
with Abfalom. And David faid, O Lord,
I pray thee, u turn the counfel of Ahitho
phel into foolifhnefs.
32 If And it came to pafs, that, when
David was cometo.the x top of the mount,
where he y worfhipped God, behold,
zHufhai the Archite came to meet him
with a his coat rent, and earth upon his
head :
22 Unto whom David faid, If thou
paffeft on with me, then thou fhalt be a
burden unto me.
34 But, if thou b return to the city,
and fay unto Abfalom, I will be thy fer
vant, O king; as I have been thy father's
fervant hitherto, fo will 1 now alfo be thy
fervant ; then mayeft thou for me defeat
the counfel of Ahithophel.
2$ And hafl thou not there with thee
Zadok and Abiathar the priefts? there
fore it fhall be, that, what thing foever
thou fhalt hear out of the king's houfe,
thou fhalt tell it to Zadok and Abiathar
the priefts.
36 Behold, they have c there with them
their two fons, Ahimaaz Zadok'syo/z, and
Jonathan Abiathar'syoTz: and by them ye
fhall fend unto me every thing that ye
can hear.
. 2y So Hufhai, David's d friend, came

into the city,
Jerufalem.

and Abfalom came into

Reflections upon Chap. XV, — Indulged children often be
come the plague, if not the murderers, of parents. Young fools
are fond of making a pompous figure in the world. And they
who are leaft fit to rule are ordinarily- the mod ambitious of it.
Zeal for the public welfare, and care to redrefs grievances, are the
ordinary cloaks pf the vileft ambition and treachery. Nor is the
moft upright adminiftration able to efcape the malignant afperfions
of a discontented faction. But none are more apt to play the ty
rant, when they have obtained power, than thofe who have paved
their way to it by the bafeft condefcenfions. Gracious parents eafily
credit their children's pretences to reformation and devotion. But the
vileft defigns are ordinarily mafked with a cloke of pretended reli
gion : and they never want carnal prudence who have the devil to
be their director. Slippery and tottering are the exalted ftations and
honours of this world. Our fortified abodes may foon become too
weak or too hot for us, whilft our intimates, yea almoft all befide,
go over to our enemy. Our fevereft ftrokes often come from hands
which we leaft fufpected: and fear of God's wrath, in our fuffer
ings, finks the fpirits, and makes men cowanjs. In fuffering times,

Before Chrif}
1021.

a Ch. ij. 30, 32.
b Ch. g. 2, 9 — 11.
c Prov. 18. 16. Sc 29.
4.5-

CHAP. XVI.
Here (1) David in his flight is bafely cheated by Ziba,
Mephibojheth' s fervant, and induced to transfer his
mafter' s property to him ; I — 4. (2) Outrageoufiy
ftoned and curfed by Shimei, a friend of Saul; but
bears it with marvellous patience and reftgnation to
the will of God; 5 — 14. (3) Abfalom, at his entry
into Jerufalem, is * outwitted by Hxfhai's pre
tences of friendfhip ; 15 — ig. And * perfuaded by
Ahithophel publicly io defile his father's concubines,
in order to render a reconciliation with his father
impoffible; 20 — 23.
AN D, when David was a little paft
a the top ofthe hill, behold, b Ziba,
the fervant of Mephibofheth, met him
cwith a couple of affes faddled, and upon
them two hundred loaves of bread, and
an hundred bunches of raifins, and an
hundred of fummer fruits, and a bottle
of wine.
2 And the king faid unto Ziba, What
meaneft thou by thefe? And Ziba faid,
The afles be for the king's houfehold to
d ride on; and the bread and fummer dj,!dS!9s.I|:&I0.
fruit for the e voting; men to eat ? and the f\
J tD 3 ei Sam. 25. 27.
wine, that fuch as be faint in the wilder
nefs may drink.
2 And the king faid, And f where is fCh»- .
thy mafter's fon ? And Ziba faid unto the
king, Behold, he abideth at Jerufalem :
for she faid, To-day fhall the houfe of e?5:\9.iZ?-.'°:Ff:
Ifrael reftore me the kingdom of my
father. W
4 Then faid the kfhg to Ziba, Behold, h3*;ȣ'A$3:
h thine are all that pertained unto Mephi- *.">-6Deat;,9-
bofheth. And Ziba faid, I + humbly be- + J^™ m>W'

large families are great incumbrances : and, though terrible revo
lutions are great trials for young converts, yet ftrangers are often
more faithful than our kindred and countrymen: and, the more
diftrefsful our cafe, they cleave to us the more refolutely. So let
us, finners of the Gentiles, cleave to David's Lord. Let neither
the trials of life, nor the torments of death, feparate us from him.
The Lord's minifters ought to be patterns of fidelity when others
are inclined to rebel againft their rightful foveieigns. It is hard
for gracious perfons to bear at once the flings of confeience, the
bafe rebellion of children, and a want of the public ordinances of
God : fuch, if any, require our deepeft fympathy and fellowfhip in
grief. Bitter grief for our fin, and refignation to God's afflicting
hand, muft be attended with the diligent ufe of proper means for
our relief: but none that truft in the Lord fhall perifh. Often
our friends, and efpecially our Jefus, helps us moft when unfeen.
It is not the craft of politicians, but the God of fieaven, that go
verns the world. He can eafiiy turn the counfels of the crafty into
foolifhnefs, and caufe the traitors to be betrayed. Let us commit
our way to God, and he will bring it to pafs.

Shimei curfes David. David's reflgnation; II. SAMUEL.

Abfalont defies David{s concubines.-

Before Chrift
. JOZI.

n». J.16.&17. 18.
A- 1 >. 16.

k Ch. ig. 16— a J.
1 Kin. 2. &,9, 36—
46.
-%0x he fiill cant forth
and Cur fid.
I Mat. 5,12. John 16.
35, Exod. 22. 28.
Pi. 69. 26. & 5$. 3.
&S7. 4. &64. 3,
4. ic 140.5. & 120.
2>3. &109. 2,3.

m Heb. man ofbfatds.
Ch.i, J7.&4. ir,
12. Wltb I2-9- Pi*.
5. 6.
ti Deut. 15. 13.
1 Sam. 2. 12. &
25. 17.
o Pf. 7. 4. ch. i. iv.
Prov. 12.18. & 10.
18- Judg. y. 24.
Pf. 3. a.
% Heb. £*W thei in
thy tV.l,

k Shimei, the fon of
1 curfed ftill

b 1 Sam. 24. 14, 15.
ch. 3. 8. & 9. 8.
2 Kin. 8. 13.
q I Sam. 26. 8, 9.

rCh.l9.22.&3.3g. Luke 9. 55. Jam.
J.. 20.
8 2 Kin. 18. 25. Lam.
3. 38. Gen. 50.20.
Tt Sam. 3. 18. II. to,
5.1 Kin. 22. 21,22.
Pf. 39. 9. John iS.
11.Pl.1c9. 28.
t Ch. 12. it, 12. Job
1. 21. with 1 Kin.
z. 9. Lam. 3. 39.

BtGen."2g. 32, 33.
Exod. 2. 24, 25. Sc
3. 7, 8.

x Deut. 23. 5. Rem.
8. 28. 2 Cor. 4. 17.
If. 27. 9. John 16.
33. Pf. 119.63,67,

feech thee that I may find grace in thy
fight, my lord, O king.
5 5[ And, when king David came to
1 Bahurim, behold, thence came out a
man of the family of the houfe of Saul,
whofe name was
Gera : *¦ he came forth, and
as he came.
6 And he caft ftones at David, and at
all the fervants of king David : and all
the people and all the mighty men were
on his right hand and on his left.
7 And thus faid Shimei when he curfed,
Come out, come out, thou m bloody man,
and thou n man of Belial :
8 The Lord hath ° returned upon thee
all -the blood of the houfe of Saul, in
whofe ftead thou haft reigned ; and the
Lord hath delivered the kingdom into
the hand of Abfalom thy fon : and, + be
hold, thou art taken in thy mifchief, be
caufe thou art a bloody man.
9 *f Then faid Abifhai, the fon of Ze-
ruiah, unto the king, Why fhould this
p dead dog curfe my lord the king ? q let
me go over, I pray thee, and take off his
head. 10 And the king faid, r What have I
to do with you, ye fons of Zeruiah ? -s fo
let- him curfe, becaufe the- Lord hath
faid unto him, Curfe David^' Who fhall
then fay, Wherefor% haft thou done fo ?
1 1 And David faid to Abifhai, and to
all his fervants, Behold, my fon, which
came forth of my bowels, feeketh my life :
how much more now may this Benjamite
do it? let him alone, and let him curfe;
for the Lord hath bidden him.
1 2 It may be that the Lord will u look
on mine afflicfion, and that the Lord
will x requite me good for his curfing this
day. 13 And, as David and his men went
by the way, Shimei

went along on the

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — Many, like Ziba, affe£t to
be very generous of what is not really their own. The lying
tongue of fervants, arid the prefents of knaves, are fnares and
plagues to all concerned : and carnal and felfifh defigns are often
concealed under the moft feafonable and ufeful prefents. But, lif-
tening to flander, and a rafh beftowal of valuable grants, prepare
work for an after-fhame and bitter repentance : for furely nothing
7

hill's fide over againft. him, and curfed
as he went, and thre.w ftones, at him, and
y caft duft. ±i
14 And the king, and all the people
that were with him, came weary, arid
refrefhed themfelves z there.
15 ^[ And Abfalom, and ail the people
the men of Ifrael, came to Jerufalem, and
Ahithophel with him.
1 6 Arid it came to pafs, when Hufhai
the Archite, David's friend, was come
unto Abfalom, ' that Hufhai faid unto
Abfalom, H God fave the king, God fave
the king.
1 7 And Abfalom faid to Hufhai, Is
this thy kindnefs to thy friend? why
wenteft thou not with thy a friend?
1 8 And Hufhai faid unto Abfalom,
Nay; but k whom the Lord, and this
people, and all the men of Ifrael, choofe,
his will I be, and with him will I abide.
19 And again, whom fhould I ferve?
"-fhould I not ferve in the prefence of his
fon ? as I have ferved in thy father's pre-.
fence, fo will I be in thy prefence.
20 f Then faid Abfalom to Ahitho
phel, d Give counfel among you what we
fhall do.
2 1 And Ahithophel faid unto Abfalom,
t Go in unto thy father's concubines,
whom he hath f left to keep the houfe,
and all Ifrael fhall hear that thou art
abhorred of thy father : then fhall the
hands of all that are with thee be ftrong.
22 So they fpread Abfalom a tent
upon gthe top of the houfe ; and Abfalom
went in unto his father's concubines in
the fight of all Ifrael.
23 And the h counfel of Ahithophel,
which he counfelled in thofe days, was
as if a man had inquired at the * oracle
of God ; fo was all the counfel of Ahi
thophel, both with David and with Ab-
filom.

Before Chrift
102 1 .

y Heb. dsipd In
vi,thd.i/J). Jer. 3. 5.

z At Bahurim.
ver. 5.

H Heb. Ui she iin£
h've.

a Ver. 16. ch.. I<. 37.
Prov. 17. 17. Sc
18. 24, & 27. 10.

b 1 Sam. ig. 1;. oh.
S- i-3-

c Gal. 2. 13. Pf. ee,
21. Root. 3. V. Eph.
4. 25. Col. 3.9.

dExod. 1. 10.Pf.37.
12-15.

e Gen. 6. 4. 8c 19.
21, 23, 30. & 38.
16. Lev. 20. II.
I Cor. 5. 1. Gen.
35- «¦
f Ch: 15. 16. Gen.
49. 4. -

gCh.u.2.&t2.ir, 12. I:. 3.9. Nnm.
25. 0. Jab 31. 9,18.-'

h Ezek. 18. 3. Em!.
10. i.

is fo bafe as to ufe infirmity for an occafion of injury: or to
infult and abufe the miferable. Bitter is the ftate when an awak
ened confeience, and a railing neighbour, upbraid us„ with. our
guilt, while an angry God fearfully corrects us for it. "Wicked
revilers are fond of interpreting God's righteous judgments as a
patronizing of their malice ; and innocence is no protection from
a malicious and lying tongue. But no provocation can warrant

Ahithophel counfels to pUrfue. David,

CHAP. XVII.

Hujhai advifesfor a huge army.

Before Chrift
1021.

CRAP. XVII.
The contefl between David and Abfalom haflens to. a
crifis. (i) Abfalom calls a council of 'war; in which
Ahithophel advifed him to ufe the utmoft difpatch, be
fore David and his friends could recover from their
conflernation ; and that himfelf Jhould direSt the^
troops employed to purfue them ; I — 4. But Hujhai
advifed to flow, but pompous, and feemingly fure, mea-
fures ; and that Abfalom Jhould have the honour of
commanding the huge army himfelf. This, fuiting
the vanity of Abfalom and his friends, was preferred;
5 — 14. For vexation at which, Ahithophel hanged
bimfiif; 23. (2) TVith no fmall difficulty, Hujhai,
by means of Jonathan and Ahimaaz, conveys informa
tion of their counfels to David; 15 — 21. (3) David
and his forces immediately march over Jordan into
the land of Gilead, where his friends feafonably fupply'
them with provifions ; 22,24,27- — 29. (4) Abfa
lom, with Amafa his general, and his forces, marches
after him; 25, 26.
MOREOVER, Ahithophel faid unto
Abfalom, Let me now choofe out
twelve thoufand men, and I will arife and
purfue after David a this night :
2 And I will come upon him while he
is b weary and weak handed, and will make
him afraid : and all the people that are

•% prfw, 4. t6. &: t.
\6. If. 59.7- K-omi
h Deut. 25. 18. di.
16. 14. & 4. 1.
Mat. 4. 2.
c*?3*>hifti^ W^tn ^^m ^a^ ^ee » anc^ ° * w^ froite the
king

<3iThef.5.3. If. 57,
2fl, 21. & 48. 22-

* Ch. 1$. 32— 37. Sc
„ 16—19.

_ only :
3 And I will bring back all the people
unto thee : the man whom thou feekeft
is as if all returned : fo all the people fhall
be d in peace.
«, sam 2,. 2,. e». a And the faying e pleafed Abfalom
5. 14. Rom. 1. 52. ' J O t
well, and all the elders of Ifrael.
5 Then faid Abfalom, Call now f Hu
fhai the Archite alfo, and let us hear like-
wife what he faith.
6 And, when Hufhai was come to Ab
falom, Abfalom fpke unto him, faying,
Ahithophel hath fpoken after this man
ner : fhall we do after his " faying ? if not,
fpeak thou.
7 Arid Hufhai faid unto Abfalom, The
fsjeb'.comif.ihd. -counfel' that Ahithophel hath 'r given is

*.Heb. vstri.

% Prov. 31. 8, 9.
£ccl. 3. j— 11.

B not good at this time.

given

our avenging ourfelves, and returning evil for evil. The vileft
reproaches mould make us t6 fearch our ways, and condemn our
felves for our real faults. To fee God's hand in every trial is the -
way to bear' it aright. Patience under reproaches wiil iflue in our
full vindication at laft. And happy are they who can thus with-
ftand- the ftrongeft temptations to revenge when they meet with
the moft infolent abufe. What an eafy prey are proud men to every
fubtle flatterer! They take all thofe for friends whom they would
Vol. I.

flaughter

. 8 For (faid Hufhai) thou knoweft thy
father and his men, that they beh mighty
men, and they be chafed in their ' minds
k as a bear robbed of her whelps in the
field : and thy father is a' man of war, and
will not lodge with the people.
9 Behold, he '-is hid now in fome pit,
or in fome other place : and it will come
to pafs, ra when fome of them be over
thrown at the firft, that whofoever heai
eth it will fay, There is a
among the people that fallow Abfalom
10 And f he alfo that is "valiant, whofe
heart is as the heart of a lion, fhall ° ut
terly melt : for all Ifrael knoweth that thy
father is p a mighty man, and they which
be with him are valiant men.
1 1 Therefore I counfel that i all Ifrael
be generally gathered unto thee, from
Dan even to Beer-fheba, as r the fand
that is by the fea for multitude; and
0 that thou go to battle in thine own
perfon. 1 2 So fliall we come upon him in fome
place where -he fhall be found, and we
will light upon him as the dew falleth on
the ground: and of him, and of all the
men that are with him, there fhall not be
left fo much as one.
13 Moreover, if he be gotten into a
city, then fhah1 all Ifrael bring ropes to
that city, ana we ,w^4 ^draw it into the
river, until there "be not one fmall ftone
found there.
14 And Abfalom and all the men of
Ifrael faid, The counfel of Hufhai the
Archite is better than the counfel of Ahi
thophel. For the Lord had u appointed
to * defeat the good counfel of Ahithophel,
to the intent that the Lord might bring
evil upon Abfalom.
1 5 5[ Then faid Hufhai unto ? Zadok
and to Abiathar the priefts, Thus and

Before Chrili
I02i.
hCh.-is. 18. &2S-
S— 39.
i Heb. Utter of foul.
Judg. 18. zc.
k Hof. 13. 8. Prov.
17. 12. &z8. 15.
2 Kin. 2. 24.

1 1 Sam. 22. t.Sczr.
25. Jofh. 8. 4.
Judg. 20. 32.
Hi Jnfn. 7. 5. Sc 8. S.
Jucig. 20. 3J-

f Ahithophel, or
Ablalom,
n Heh.afon of valour.
CI1.1.23.&23.20.
o Jolh. 2. 9, 1 1. Sc 5.
1.6V7. j. If. 13-7.
8. Pf. 43. 4, 5. «
76. 5. Deut. I. 28.
pDeut.32.30. 2 Cor.
3.5. Heb. II. 34.
H Judg. 20. 1, ch. 24.
2. I Kin. 4. 25.
r Gen. 22. 17. Sc l<-
, 5. Jolh. u. 4.jCh.
24. 9. I Chr. 21.
5,6.
s Heb. that thy face,
or pre.emc "c, Sec,
Pf 9.15, 16. & 7.
15, 16.

t I Kin. 10. to. Mjr,
ZA. 2. Pf. 83. 14,
Obad. 3.

u Heb. roiniranA'ii^
PI. 3 j. 9. Sc 111.9W
Sc 14B. 5. Anio.. 6.
i'i. ccCcj. 3. Nah.,
1. 14.
x Ch. is. 31, t4. Pf.
33. IO, ll.Sc Si. I:.
ec in. 7. 1 Cur. r,
19, 20. Sc 1. 19.
Job 5. 11— it. _
Frov. 21. -,-j. .V
= -19; 2r. K.U. 9, 10.
yCh, 15. 3;.

wifh to be fuch. It is hard for crafty politicians to confine them.-
felves to untainted veracity and candour. Nay, fuch will often
ftick at nothing, however infamous or wicked, to fecure. their own
purpofes. But let us here obferve how this molt abominable. con-
duel fulfils the righteous threatenings of God. He, who murdered
his friend to conceal his adultery, has now ten of lv.* concuK;ies
publicly debauched by his fon on the fame top of the houfe who-*

he began his crime.

PP?

David is informed.

1I..SAMUEL

Ahithophel hangs himfelf.

Before Chrift
1021.

» Ch. ij. 17, 27, 36.

a Jofh. 15. 7.
16. 1 Kin.

ihe fuller's well.

b Eh. 3. 16. & 16.1
Sc 19. 16.

cjofh. 37-5

4. Pf.

thus did Ahithophel counfel Abfalom and
the elders of Ifrael; and thus and thus
have I counfelled.
16 Now therefore fend quickly, and
tell David, faying, Lodge not this night
in the plains of the wildernefs, but
fpeedily pafs over; left the king be fwal-
lowed up, and all the people that are with
him. 1 7 Now 'Jonathan and Ahimaaz ftayed
by a En-rogel ; for they might not be
feen to come into the city ; and a wench
went and told them : and they went and
told king David.
18 Neverthelefs, a lad faw them, and
told Abialom : but they went both of them
away quickly, and came to a man's houfe
in b Bahurim, which had a well in his
court, whither they went down.

~9

And

a covering

and the thing

4 Jofh. 2.4, 5. Exod.
j. 19. R-m. 3. 8.
Eph. 4. 25. Col. 3
9. Zech. 8. 16.

the woman took and c fpread
over the well's mouth, and
fpread ground corn thereon
was not known.
20 And, when Abfalom's fervants came
to the woman to the houfe, they faid,
Where is Ahimaaz and Jonathan ? And
the woman faid unto them, d They be
gone over the brook of water. And when
they had fought, and could not find them,
they returned to Jerufalem.
21 And it came to pafs, after they
were departed,, that they came up out of
the well, and went and told king David,
and faid unto David, Arife, and pafs
quickly over the water : for e thus hath
Ahithophel counfelled againft you.
22 Then f David arofe, and all the
NunMi.^joifn' people that were with him, and they
pafled over Jordan: by the morning light

t Ver, 1—3.

f Prov. 27. 12. Mar,
10.16. Ac?(3 27. 31,
ver. 24. ch. 18. 6.

17. 12. & 10. 27
29.

there lacked not one of them that was not
gone over Jordan.
23 ^[ And, when Ahithophel sfaw that
his counfel was not followed, he faddled
his afs, and arofe, and gat him home to
his houfe, to his city, and hput his houfe
hold in order, and l hanged himfelf, and
died, and was buried in the fepulchre of
his father.
24 Then David came to k Mahanaim.
And Abfalom paffed over Jordan, he and
all the men of Ifrael with him.
25 <"[ And Abfalom made ' Amafa
captain of the hoft inftead of Joab : which
Amafa was a man's fon whofe name was
-Ithra an Ifraelite, that + Went in to Abigail,
ithe daughter of Nahafh, fifter to Zeruiah,
Joab's mother.
26 So Ifrael and Abfalom pitched in
the m land of Gilead.
27 <"]" And it came to pafs, when David
was come to Mahanaim, that Shobi the
fon of "Nahafh of Rabbah of the children
of Ammon, and ° Machir the fon of
Ammiel of Lo-debar, and p Barzillai the
Gileadite of Rogelim,
28 q Brought beds, and " bafons, and
earthen veffels, and wheat, and barley,
and flour, and parched corn, and beans,
and lentiles, and parched pulfe,
29 And honey, and butter, and fheep,
and cheefe of kine, for r David, and for
the people that were with him, to eat :
for they faid, s The people is hungry,
and weary, and thirfty, in the. wilder
nefs. CHAP. XVIII.
Here ( 1 ) David's fmall army marches to attack Ab
falom's, but is charged to fpare his life; 1 — 5.

Before ChrM
1021.

g Prov. 16. 18, Sc
29.3.

h Heb, gave charge
toncertnng his houfe.
Ch. 15. 12. 2 Kin.
20. 1.
i Job 31. 3. Pf. 59.
12. & 55.23. Prov.
10. 28. & 11. 7.
Mat. vs. 5. 1 Sam,
51- 4. 5-
k See ch. z. 8. Celt,
32.2.

1 1 Chr. 2. 16, 17. &
12. 18. ch. 19. 13.

X Perhaps he hairier.
married her.

m Num. 32. 1, 40,
Jndj. 5. 16, 17. Sc
10.17.& 11.5,29.
& 12. 7. Deur. 3.
10—15. Jofh. 13.
*5i 31.
n 1 Sam. 11. 1. ch.
10. 1. 8c 12. 30.
o Ch. 9. 4.
P CJi. 19. 31. 1 Hin.
2. 7. Ezra 2. 61 .

q Prov. 11. 25. Mat.
5.7-
II Or cufs.

r Gen. 22. 14. Pf. 34,
8 — 10. Sc 84- 11.
If. 33. 16. Deut,
33.26.
J If. 21. 14. &S8.7.
Eccl. 11. 1, 2.

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — Some men have large ca
pacities for contriving or executing mifchief, or for impofmg on
their neighbours : yea, /when men are once involved in fin, they
drive deeper and deeper, till the moft horrid crimes become, as it
were, neceffary for their own fafety. Dangerous is the cafe of thofe
princes who have rebellious fubjecls and unnatural children : but
vain is their counfel who aim at the ruin of God's church and peo
ple. By the moft fecret ways He can divert their blows, and
make them unanimoufly to alter their mind, and applaud what is
for his glory and their own ruin : and the weakeft inftruments in
his hand can anfwer the greateft of purpofes. Good intelligence in
war is as neceflary as good advice. In my fpiritual warfare, let
the all-knowing Jefus, whofe difpatches neither hell nor earth can

flop, communicate to me my neceflary informations. While we
depend on God's protection, we muft give all diligence to fave
ourfelves. But not one follower of Jefus Chrift fhall be loft in
the Jordan of trouble or death. The prayers of his faints are often
indeed anfwered in a more awful manner than they could have
wifhed. Difappointed pride produces felf-murder to fuch as fought
their life. But how much more terrible is their difappointment,
who meet with everlafting fhame and deftruction by fleeing to
death as their refuge from prefent contempt or hazard ! In the
time of their greateft trouble God unexpectedly provides for his
people. And it is very honourable to affift a fovereign or a feint
when almoft every body is become his enemy.

David muflers his fmall army.

CHAP. XVIII.

Abfalom s huge army is totally routed.

Before Chrift
I02I.

aExid. 17. 9. VC. 37.
j, 5. I Chr. 12. ID.

b Judg. 7- 20. Sc 9.
43-
c Ch. 10. 9, 10, Sc
%;. 19.

iCh.%7. 11. Pf. 3.6

« Cb. 21. 17. Sc 17.
2. I Kin. 22. 3 1.

* Heb. fet their fcfflrl

fHL-b.tf.tfsi thou and
of us. Lam. 4. 20.
g Exod. 17. 9. Pf. 3.
I — 6. & 50. 15. Sc
91. 15.

ll-Deiit.rt. 12. Pf. 3

f-Dcut. 21. 20, 11.
ch. 12. 10, 11.
Luke 23. 34. Pf.
J03. 13.

* Judg. «¦ 5- *•
near to which
Jephthah Hew the
Ephraimites.

lProv.n,2I.&24, 11, 21,

IB Pf. 3. 7. SC 4J. I.
Judg. 5. 2e, 21.
Exod. 15. 10. Jolh.
10. 14.
n Heb. multiplied t,
devour. Pf. 77. 17.

h. ti ie\. c*. 17.
j M-..U. _> 2).
"b \c o.ro. Prov,
, . ,'-• ,»'+!'

(2) Abfalom' s forces are totally routed and difperfed;
6—8. (3) Abfalom being hung on a tree by his fine
hair, Joab and his fervants kill him, and he is dif-
gracefully buried; 9 — 18. (4) Ahimaaz and Cujhi
carry the tidings to David; 19 — 32. (5) David
bitterly bewails Abfalom's death; 33.
AN D David a numbered the people
that were with him, and fet cap
tains of thoufands and captains of hun
dreds over them.
2 And David fent forth ba third part of
the people under c the hand of Joab, and
a third part under the hand of Abifhai,
the fon of Zeruiah, Joab's brother, anda
third part under the hand of Ittai the Git
tite. And the king faid unto the people,
d I will furely go forth with you myfelf
alfo. 3 But the people anfwered,6 Thou flialt
not go forth : for if we flee away they
will not """ care for us ; neither if half of
us die will they care for us : but now
thou art f worth ten thoufand of us : there
fore now // is better that thou ^fuccour
us out of the city.
4 And the king faid unto them, What
feemeth you beft I will do. And the
king h ftood by the gate fide, and all the
people came out by hundreds and by
thoufands. 5 And the king commanded Joab and
Abifhai and Ittai, faying, * Deal gently
for my fake with the young man, even
with Abfalom. And all the people heard
when the king gave all the captains charge
concerning Abfalom.
6 ^[ So the people went out into the
field againft Ifrael: and the battle was in
the k wood of Ephraim ;
7 Where the people of Ifrael were flain
before the fervants of David; and there
was
twenty thoufand men
8 For the battle was there fcattered
over the face of all the country : and
m the wood n devoured more people that
day than the fword devoured.
9 *"[ And Abfalom met the fervants of
David. And Abfalom rode upon a mule,
and the mul
of

there a ' great flaughter that day of

great

went under the thick boughs
oak, and his ° head caught

Befoie-Chrii* jo;; 1.

hold of the oak, and he was taken up be
tween the heaven and the earth; and the
mule that was under him went away.
1 o And a certain man faw it, and told
Joab, and faid, Behold, I faw Abfalom
hanged in an oak.
1 1 And Joab faid unto the man that
told him, And, behold, thou faweft him,
and why didft thou not fmite him there
to the ground? and I would have given
thee r ten Jhekels of filver, and a girdle.
1 2 And the man faid unto Joab, Though
I fhould + receive a H thoufand fhekels of
filver in mine hand, yet would I not put KAb°»tI,s'
forth mine hand againft the king's fon :
for in our hearing the king p charged thee PVer-s-
"cr

t About 23 fr.

f Heb. wcieh ufttl
mine hand.

B Heb. heart. Deut.
4. 11, Mat. it. j*.

tCh.t. 28. ito-tv

and Abifhai and" Ittai, faying, * Beware *"^e?e'^&t
that none touch the young man Abfalom.
13 Otherwife I fhould have wrought
falfehood * againft mine own life ; for ^V* oVn.'*.".
there is no matter hid from the king : 6NHm,»-3,»'
and thou thyfelf wouldeft have fet thyfelf
againft me.
14 Then faid Joab, I may not tarry thus
* with thee. And he took three darts in x Heb- '<>"'•'•
his hand, and r thruft them through the ' TtikVcft"'
heart of Abfalom, while he was yet alive
in# the s midft of the oak.
15 And ten young men, that bare
Joab's armour, compafled about and
fmote Abfalom, and flew him.
16 And Joab c blew the trumpet, and
the people returned from purfuing after
Ifrael : for Joab held back the people.
1 7 And they took Abfalom, and caft
him into a great pit in the wood, and
u laid a very great heap of ftones upon u %Tiz"["tt1'
him : and all Ifrael fled every on&. to his
tent. 18 ^[ Now Abfalom in his life time
had taken and reared up for himfelf a pil
lar, which is in x the king's dale: for he x Gen' I4,17-
faid, y I have no fon to keep my name in y 01.14. 27. job*.
7 L J I7. II. 14. ZO, 1I«
remembrance: and he l called the pillar Jer-"-'0'
after his own name; and it is called unto %'•«'"
this day, Abfalom's place.
19 -ft Then faid a Ahimaaz the fon of * £ ,5' *• * ""•
Zadok, Let me now run, and bear the
king tidings, how that the Lord hath t,H*.jud.,jh-m
h avenged him of his enemies. j«7g!i. i£ d*£
"-> SJ-15,40.P<-9-4.
PpP2

Jofh. 7. 26. Sc g.
29. Sc 10. 27. Lam.
3-SS.

1 Sam.

hidings fent to David.

9
II. SAMUEL. David grievoufy laments for Abfahnv

Before Chrift
- 1021. ' -
c Kcb. he a man of
tidsnss. Ch. 4. 4.

A The Ethiopian.
Num. 12. 4. Jer.
J3- 23.

%\le\i.Ut]jhatst\Vf.

ft Or ccr.vtnient.

e Ver. 4. I Sam. 4.
13. .

f Deut. 20. 8.

* Heb. Ifee the rust'
fling.

% 1 Kin. 1. 42. Col.
4. 14.

}OrP«Kebetothee, tHeb. Peace.
Ji Ch. J4. 4, 22.

20 And Joab faid unto him, Thou fhalt
not c bear tidings this day, but thou fhalt
bear tidings another day: but this day
thou fhalt bear no tidings, becaufe the
king's fon is dead'.
2 1 Then faid Joab to A Cufhi, Go tell
the king what thou haft feen. And
Cufhi bowed himfelf unto Joab, and
ran. 22 Then faid Ahimaaz the fon of Za
dok yet again to Joab, But * howfoever
let me, I pray thee, alfo run after Cufhi.
And Joab faid, Wherefore wilt thou run,
my fon, feeing that thou haft no tidings
H ready ?
23 But howfoever, faid he, let me run.
And he faid unto him, Run. Then Ahi
maaz ran by the way of the plain, and
overran Cufhi.
24 And David fat e between the two
gates : and the watchman went up to the
* roof over the gate unto the wall, and
lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold
a man running, alone.
25 And the watchman cried, and told
the king. And the king faid, If he be
alone, there is tidings in his mouth. And
he came apace, and drew near.
26 And the watchman faw another man
running : and the watchman called unto
the porter, and faid, Behold another man
running alone. And the king faid, He
alfo bringeth tidings.
. 27 And the watchman faid, * Methink-
eth the running of the foremoft is like
the running of Ahimaaz the fon of Za
dok. And the king faid, g He is a good
man, and cometh with good tidings.
28 And Ahimaaz called, and faid unto
the king, + -All is well. And he hfell
down to the earth upon his face before

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — In dangerous times great
Care ought to be taken for the fecurity and honour of princes: and
good advice from inferiors ought to be readily complied with. No
yndutifulnefs can root out or obliterate ftrong parental affection.
¦What then muft be the affection of God to his children ! How
quickly, how eafily, the enemies of God are overthrown, and that
by means the moft unexpected ! Both the hopes and joys of the
wicked foon iffue in mifery and fhame : and they who flee from
God's arm only rufh into his net. Pride proves men's fhame at
laft. A head trimmed, at the expenfe of negledting the foul, is

the king, and faid, Blefted be the Lord
thy Godi, who hath ' delivered up the
men that lifted up their hand . againft my

lord the king.
29

Before Chnit
.... .. SOZJ..^^
" ',
i H:b. fhut i.f, Pf,
44- ?• & 115. r.
1 Mm. 24. IS, is
26. i.

And the king faid, Is the young
man Abfalom fafe ? And Ahimaaz an
fwered, When Joab fent the king's fer
vant, and me thy fervant, I faw a great
tumult, but I knew not what // was.
30 And the king faid unto him, Turn
afide and ftand here. And he turned afide
and ftood ftill.
3 1 And, behold, Cufhi came ; and
Cufhi faid, H Tidings, my lord the king : "it^'&
for the Lord hath k avenged thee this' day
of all them that rofe up againft thee.
32 And the king faid unto Cufhi, Is
the young man Abfalom fafe ? And Cufhi
anfwered, The enemies of my lord the
king, and all that rife againft thee to do
thee hurt, be as that young man is.

kVer. 19^28. Pf: cc.
r8. Sc 27. 2, l.Sc
TrB. TO — 12. Dejlt.
32. id.

22 And the

king

was much moved,

and went up to the chamber over the gate
and wept: and as he went thus he faid,
O my fon- Abfalom, my fon, my fon
Abfalom ! [ would God I had died
thee, O Abfalom, my fon, my fon!

for 1 ^"h. tc), 4. wfrh chi
A*-'A 12. ic, 25. "Pro*-.
10. 1. & 17. 25*

CHAP. XIX.

We have here ( I ) David refrained from his immode
rate grief by the rough but honeft remonflrance of
Joab ; I — 8. (2) The men of Ifrael of their own
accord, and thofe ' of Judah, inftigated by David's
meffengers, difcavering their defire of his return to
his throne; 19 — 14. (3) In his return he meets
the men of Judah at Gilgal ; 15: Pardons Shimei,
now profeffing the deepef forrow for his treafonable
abufe; 16 — 23. Excufes Mephibofheth' s non-attend
ance in his fight ; and in part revokes the unjuft grant
made of his property to Ziba ; 24 — 30. Thank
fully acknowledges Barzillai's kindnefs, and rewards
it to Chimham his fon; 31 — 40. (4) The men df
Ifrael quarrel with the men of Judah for not calling
them to join in the king's refloration; 41 — 43.

like to prove ruinous to both. Monuments of fame often ferve
only to perpetuate the difgrace of the ere&ors. Fearful is the
guilt, and dreadful the end, of rebellious children. But fuccefs,
whether in work or warfare, mould be wholly afcribed to the Lord:
and meffages of evil cannot be too tenderly delivered. Yet is'it not
aftonifhing to find fo great and good a man neglecting to praife
God for his wonderful falvation; quarrelling with his kind provi
dence; oppofing the juftice of the nation; uttering things unad-
vifedly with his lips ; and fo immoderately bewailing a fon aban
doned of heaven to every thing vile and hateful !

¦Joab reproves David for his grief.
ANDAbfalom

Eefore Chrift
1021.

king

CfH

it was told Joab, Behold,
weepeth and. mourneth

A P. XIX. David returns home to
why " fpeak ye not a word

his th

the for

a Heb. falvation, er
deliverance. Pf. 3.
».Sc 18.32—50. &
ua. 10 — 12.

bProv 12. Eccl. i. I, 12
Neh. 8. 9.

e Ch. 15. ?o, & 1. 2,
I Sam. 4. 12. ch.
IS. 33. Prov. 10.
I. Sc 17. 25.

iCh.ig. }j.

my
the
haft thy

my

houfe to
d fhamed
fervants,

2 And the * victory that day was b turned
o. mourning unto all , the. people : for
fc,9:the people heard fay that day how the
king was grieved for his fon.
3 And the people gat them by ftealth
that day into the city, as people being
afhamed fteal away when they flee in
battle. 4 But the king c covered his face, and
the king cried with a loud voice, O my
fon Abfalom, O Abfalom, my fon,
fon! 5 And Joab came into
the king, and faid, Thou
this day the faces of all
which this day have faved thy life, and
the lives of thy fons and of thy daugh
ters, and the lives of thy wives, and the
lives of thy concubines ;
*ucb.Byiminr,8cc. 6 * In that thou loveft thine enemies
and hateft thy friends. For thou haft
"S±,r!l"r declared this day + that thou regardeft
neither princes nor fervants : for this day
I perceive that if Abfalom had lived, and
all we had died this day, then e it had
pleafed thee. well.
7 Now therefore arife, go forth, and
'I fpeak f comfortably unto thy fervants ;
for I fwear by the Lord, if thou go not
forth there E will not tarry one with thee
this niglit ; and that will be worfe unto
thee than all the evil that befell thee from
thy youth until now.
8 Then the king arofe, and h fat in the
gate. And they told unto all the people.

fervants are no
thing to thee.

e Prov. 19. 9, 10.
Job 34. 18.

f Heb. fo the heart
thy fervants. Gen.
34. 3. Hof. 1. 14.

g Prov, 14. 28.
2 Tim. 1. 15.

b Ruth 4. 1. ch. 18

S2 Kin. 14.12. 1 Kin.
22. 36. Ch . l8. 7.

St Gen. 3. 11,13. If*
tf. zi. Rom. 6. £1.

i Ch. r. viii. x.
. 15am. xvii. xviii.

faying, Behold, the king doth fit in the
gate. And all the people came before the
king : for ' Ifrael had fled every man to
his tent.
9'^[ And all the people were at k ftrife
throughout all the tribes of Ifrael, faying,
1 us out of the hand of

The king

nOi. 1 j. 12,13-. Sc
18. 14, ij. Hof. b'.
4- & 13- 10.

faved
our enemies, and he delivered us out of
the hand of the Philiftines ; and now he
is fled out ofthe land for Abfalom.
10 And Abfalom, whom we m anointed
over us, is dead in battle :<'now therefore

of bringing
the king back ?
1 1 .*"[ And king David fent to ° Zadok
and to Abiathar the priefts, faying, Speak
unto the elders of Judah, faying, Why
are ye the plaft to bring the king- back to
his houfe, feeing the fpeech of. all Ifrael
is come to the king, even to his houfe ?
12 Ye are q my brethren, ye are my
bones and my flefh : wherefore then are
ye the laft to bring back the king ?
13 And fay ye r to. Amafa, Art thou
not of my bone and of my flefh ? s God
do fo to me, and more alfo, if thou be
not captain of the hoft before me conti
nually * in the room of Joab.
14 And he bowed the heart of all the
men of Judah, even u as the heart of one
man ; fo that they fent this word unto the
king, Return thou and all thy fervants.
15 So the king returned, and came to
Jordan. And Judah came to x Gilgal, to

orone.

Before ChrM
1021.
n Heb. ?ice .e .Hunt.
Judir. iS. 9. Rom.
12. 11.
oCh. 8.17. Scsc 24,
29, 35. 2 Cor. j.

p Mat. 5. 16. 1 Cor.
10. II. Phil. 3. 17.
2 Thef. 3. 9. 1 Pet.
2. 21.

q Ch. 5. 1. ver. 13.
Gen. 2. 23. Judg.
9.2. Eph.5. 29,3a.

r Ch. 17. 25. 1 Chr.
2. 16, 17. & 11. 18.
s P.uth 1. T7. 1 K'-i.
IO. z. Afts 23.12.

t Ver. c, 6. ch, 3. 29,
39. Sc 18. 1;. with
8. 16. Sc zo. 23.
u Judg. 20. I. A£\«
2, 46. & 4 32.

go to meet the king,

to conduit the king

X Jofh. 4. 19. Sc 5. 9,
1 Sam. 11. 14, 15,

over Jordan
1 6 ^[ And y Shimei the. fon of Gera, a
Benjamite, which was of Bahurim, hafted,
and came down with the men of Judah,
to meet king David.
1 7 And there were a thoufand men of
Benjamin with him, and l Ziba the fer
vant of the houfe of Saul, and his fifteen
fons and his twenty fervants with him ;
and they went over Jordan before the
king. 1 8 And there went over a ferry-boat
to carry over the king's houfehold, and to
do + what he thought good. And Shimei
the fon of Gera fell down before the king
as he was come over Jordan ;
19 And faid unto the king, Let not
my lord impute ii.'quity unto me, neither
do thou remember a that which thy fer
vant did perverfely the day that my lord
the king went out of Jerufalem, that the
fhould take it to his heart.
For thy fervant doth know that I

y Ch. 16. 5—9.
1 Kin. 2. 8,36 — 46.
Job 2. 4. Mat. v
*5-

z Ch. 16. 1—4. Sc 9.
2, io, 11. ver. 20,
»7,

t Heb. the good in his
eye,.

aCh.iS. 5— 1. Pror.
28. 13. Mac. 5.25.
Job 2. a.

king 20

have finned : therefore, behold, I am come
b the firft this day of all the houfe of
Jofeph to go down to meet my lord the

b M.it. 5. 25. Hof ;.
11. HI. 78 34-37.
1',. 7.2. Sc 11. t5.
Jet. 22.21. 8c 31.0..

:ing.

Shimei pardoned; Mephibofheth excufed. II. SAMUEL.

Barzillai declines being a courtiet.

Before Chrift
IOZI.
cFsnl. 21. 17.&ZZ.
iS 1 Km. 21. 10,

dCh.iS. 10. & 2. 39,

c 1 Sam. 11. 13,

f At this time. iKin,
2. 9, TO,
E Gen. 14. 22. Heb.
6.16. 1 Sam. jo. 15.
h Ch. 4. 4. Sc lx.Sc
s'>. ;. 1 Chr. 8. 34.
Sc 9. 40—44.
i Deut. 21. 12. Rom.
K. 15. Heb. 13. 3.

kCh.l6.3.Pf.lJ.3,

I Ch. 14. 17, 20.
1 Sam. 29. 9.

mGen. 32. 10. ch. 9.
7, 8. Luke 17. 10.
ft Heb. men of death.

11 Deut. 19. 10. Pf.
82. 2. & 101. 5.
Prov. 2g. 4.

' I Sam. 18. 1, 3. ch.
J. 26.

p Ch. 17. 27. 1 Kin.
2. 7. Ezra 2. 61.
Wen. 7. 63.

21 But Abifhai the fon of Zeruiah
anfwered and faid, c Shall not Shimei be
put to death for this, becaufe he curfed
the Lord's anointed?
22 And David faid, d What have I to
do with you, ye fons of Zeruiah, that ye
fliould this day be adverfaries unto me ?
c fhall there any man be put to death this
day in Ifrael ? for do not I know that I
am this day king over Ifrael?
23 Therefore the king faid unto Shi
mei, f Thou fhalt not die. And the king
s fware unto him.
24 5[ And h Mephibofheth the fon of
Saul came down to meet the king ; and
had neither ' dreffed his feet, nor trim
med his beard, nor wafhed his clothes,
from the day the king departed until the
day he came again in peace.
25 And it came to pafs, when he was
come to Jerufalem to meet the king,
that the king faid unto him, Wherefore
wenteft not thou with me, Mephibofheth.
26 And he anfwered, My lord, O king,
my fervant deceived me : for thy fervant
faid, I will faddle me an afs, that I may
ride thereon, and go to the king ; becaufe
thy fervant is lame.
27 And k he hath flandered thy fervant
unto my lord the king : but my lord the
king is as an ' angel of God ; do therefore
what is good in thine eyes.
28 For m all of my father's houfe were
but + dead men before my lord the king :
yet didft thou fet thy fervant among them
that did eat at thine own table: what
right therefore have I yet to cry any more
unto the king ?
29 And the king faid unto him, Why
fpeakeft thou any more of thy matters ?
I have faid, " Thou and Ziba divide the
land. 30 And Mephibofheth faid unto the
king, ° Yea, let him take all, forafmuch
as my lord the king is come again in
peace unto his own houfe.
2 1 % And p Barzillai the Gileadite came
down from Rogelim, and went over Jor
dan with the king, to condud him ", .er
Jordan.

Before Chrift
I on,
ri Seech. 17. 27. wi*
Job 1. 3.

king,

s Heb. Hew many
day 1 'Ace the years
of mytife ? Job 14.
14. Pf.3?.5,6.S
90. 4. Sc 89. 47,46.
I Cor. 7. 29. Jam,
4. 14.

32 Now Barzillai was a very aged man,
even fourfcore years old; and i he had
provided the king of fuftenance while he
Liy at Mahanaim ; for he was a very great
man. 22 And the king faid unto Barzillai,
r Come thou over with me, and I will feed Tl£^
thee with me in Jerufalem.
34 And Barzillai faid unto the
s How long have I to live, that I fhould
go up with the king unto Jerufalem ?
25 I am this day c fourfcore years old :
and can I difcern between good and evil? < pr-9°- •<>.«•
u can thy fervant tafte what I eat or what I " Ecc1' "' '' *4'
drink ? can I hear any more the voice of
finging men and finging women ? where
fore then fhould thy fervant be yet a
burden unto my lord the king ?
36 Thy fervant will go a little way
over Jordan with the king : and why
fhould the king recompenfe it me with
fuch a reward ?
37 Let thy fervant, I pray thee, turn
back again, that I may die in mine own
city, and be buried by the grave of my
father and of my mother : but behold thy
fervant x Chimham; let him go over with *l^w?$fi£*
my lord the king ; and do to him what
fhall feem good unto thee.
38 And the king anfwered, Chimham
fhall go over with me, and I will do to
him that which fhall feem good unto thee :
and whatfoever thou flialt
me, that will I do for thee.
2<) And all the people went over Jor
dan. And, when the king was come over,
the king ? kiffed Barzillai, z and blefled
him ; and he returned unto his own ZG1='„t.,48'*.,s'JS'
place. 40 Then the king went on to Gilgal,
and Chimham went on with him : and
"all the people ofjudah condu&ed the
king, and alfo half the people of Ifrael.
41 % And, behold, b all the men
Ifrael came to the king, and faid unto the
king. Why have our brethren, the men
of Judah, ftolen thee away, and have
the king, and his houfehold,

requ ire of * Heb- **¦**¦

y Gen. 29. ti. Sc sti
55. Ruth 1. 14.

a Ver. 12*14, K.
Mat, 2 j. 9. Acts 1.
41, 47. Sc 6. 7-
r b Judg, 8. 1. &11.1.
Ot Gen. 31. 215, 17. *

brought

and all David's
Jordan ?

men with him, over

Ifraelites and Jews quarrel fharply.
Eerorea,,ift ^ An(j ali tne men Gf Judah anfwered
the men of Ifrael, c Becaufe the king is

CHAP. XX.

Sheba heads a new revolt.

c '¦•

tliliccYd-il near of kin to us : wherefore then be ye
angry for this matter? have we eaten at
all of the king's cofl ? or hath he given
us any gift ?
43 And the men of Ifrael anfwered the
dCwhi'lh',2'7M21!!.J"u';^: men of Judah, and faid, d We have ten
£M.Pror..j..b. parts -n tjie kjnCr, and we have alfo more
right in David than ye : why then did ye
i nos. [etmatiight. f defpife US} that our -advice fhould not
be firft had in bringing back our king ?
eJ2Udck8i.t,Acis And e the words of the men of Judah
15 "' were fiercer than the words of the men
of Ifrael. CHAP. XX.
Still the fword cleaves to David's houfe. (i) Before he
reaches Jerufalem in his return home, ten tribes of
Ifrael, provoked with the harjh words ofthe men of
Judah, again rebel, and are headed by Sheba, a
Benjamite; i, 2. (2) Having condemned his ten
debauched concubines to perpetual confinement, he or
ders Amafa, Abfalom's late general, to arm the tribe
ofjudah; but, his motions being two flow, he orders
Abifhai after the rebels with the life-guards; 3 — 7.
(3) Amafa, the new general, had no fiooner come up
with his army than Joab his coufn murdered him,
and refumed the command ofthe troops; 8 — 13.
(4) Sheba, the commander ofthe rebels, fhuts him
felf up in Abel-beth-maachah, a flrong%city of Naph
tali ; where, by the mediation of a wife woman, his
h*ad is cut off, and fio the war is ended; 14 — 22.
(5) The kingdom being again fettled, we have a new
' <%.%££& ¥ ofthe principal officers ; if— lb.

Before Chrift
1021.

AN D there a happened to be there a
b man of Belial, whofe name was
Sfr'?''* Sheba, the fon of Bichri, a Benjamite ;
19.14:5' an(l ne c blew a trumpet, and faid, d We

b Deut. 13. 13. Judg.
19. 22. I Sam. 2.
12. ch. 16. 7.
c Judg. 3. 27. Sc 6.

8. 21. Mat.
6. Luke

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — The productions of un
bridled paffions are always unfeafonable and dangerous. Few will
rifk their life for fuch as, after all, will look down upon them with
negletSt. And, if we foolifhly bring ourfelves into danger, we fliall
juftly be upbraided with it. Good counfel, though bluntly and
even roughly given, fhould be thankfully received. And, when
We have done ill, we cannot too foon feek to amend it : but, when
many are guilty, it is too common to call: the blame on their neigh
bours. Minifters ought to be principal promoters of loyalty. It
is fliameful when thofe, who ought tp be moft forward in duty,
need inftigation to it. Clemency is one of the nobleft qualities
of princes : and profeffions of deep forrow for faults committed
powerfully pacify the injured. But let us rejoice that Jefus will
never condemn penitent finners, though Satan ftand at their right
hand to accufe them. Our rafli reception of evil reports concern
ing our friends turns to our fhame, when they manifeft their inno-
cency. Wicked fervants dp their mafters inexpreffible injuries :
but good men, like Mephibofheth, make times of diftrefs feafons

have no part in David, neither 'have we
inheritance in the fon of Jeffe : every man "
to his tents, O Ifrael.
2 So e every man of Ifrael went up '^i^'prov'.1,™"
from after David, and followed Sheba the ^.Zzi.
fon of Bichri: but fthe men of Judah n^f3^
clave unto their king, from Jordan even
to Jerufalem.
3 ^f And David came to his houfe at
Jerufalem; and the king took the Eten *£*•"¦»«¦&*¦
women his concubines, whom he had left
to keep the houfe, and put them in
h ward, and fed them, but ' went not in ^"0^3.
unto them. So they were * fhut up unto ^"-6 4-&3s.*;.
the day of their death, t living in widow- lTb.iZLh.c4
hood,- °J"f'-
4^1" Then faid the king to k Amafa, ^LV^ld.
Afiemble me the men ofjudah within
three days, and be thou here prefent.
5 So Amafa went to affemble the men
of Judah ; but he 'tarried longer than 1PfI,8-9&fi2»-
the fet time which he had appointed
him. 6 And David faid to m Abifhai, Now "f^iS.***
fhall Sheba the fon of Bichri do us more
harm than did Abfalom : take thou thy
n lord's fervants, and purfue after him, n f8h- "• "• & •«•
left he get him fenced cities and * efcape * Heb. *;,¦„, m^-
0 *¦ from our eyrs.
us.

7 And there went out after him Joab's
men, andthe ° Cherethites, and the Pe- ° &"',«."*«*
lethites, and all the mighty men : and
they went out of Jerufalem to purfue after
Sheba the fon of Bichri.
8 When they were at p the great ftone Pjo<h. ,0.27.

of mourning and grief, and difregard their own interefts in compa
rifon of thofe of God's church and people. Riches are truly blefH-
ings when poffeffed by generous minds, and liberally miniftered
for the fupport of the indigent. Grateful hearts count themfelves
happy to have it in their power to recompenle their friends : and
noble minds count little of all the fervices they can do to their
friends. But obferve, courts, feafting, and mirth, are poor prepa
rations for death : and old men efpecially would do well often to
decline all intercourfe with them, that they may contemplate the
more important concerns that now fo clofely prefs upon them, and
cheerfully leave the more adlive employments for thofe whofe age
and capacities are more fuitable to fuch a tafk. With what cau
tion ought public affairs to be conducted! By pride cometh
contention. A fmall evidence of refpe£t might often prevent,
not only angry altercations, but much murder and bloodshed. It
is beft to yield, and to leave off ftrife before it be meddled with ;
for when men are once in a paffion they are fure to fpeak wrong,
even though they have truth on their fide.

q Cl-,.;.!?."-- J7- -S-
i>t.ti.z.Ccss.zs. Mat. 16. 48. 49.
John 7. 3. Mic. 7.
z, 6. Jer. 9. 4) 5-

t Ch. 3. 27. Sc 2. 23
I Kin. -2. 5.

Joab murders Amafa his coufln. II. S A M U E Ii.
Before ch.-m which is in Gibeon Amafa went before
 '  them : and Joab's garment that he had
put on was girded unto him, and upon
it a girdle with a fword faftened upon his
loins in the fheath thereof; and as he
went forth it fell out.
9 And Joab faid to Amafa, ' Art thou
in health, my brother? And Joab took
Amafa by the beard with the right hand
to kifs him.
1 o But Amafa took no heed to the
fword that was in Joab's hand : fo he
r fmote him therewith in the fifth rib, and
fhed out his bowels to the ground, and
'iftte^ztTztil s ftruck him not again; and he died. So
Joab and Abifhai his brother purfued
after Sheba the fon of Bichri.
1 1 And one of Joab's men ftood by
him, and faid, ' He that favoureth Joab,
and he that is for David, let him go after
Joab. 1 2 And Amafa u wallowed in blood in
the midft of the highway. And, when
the man faw that all the people ftood ftill,
he removed Amafa out of the highway
into- the field, and caft a cloth upon him,
when he faw that every one that came by
him ftood ftill.
13 When he was removed out of the
highway all the people went on after
Joab, to purfue after Sheba the fon of
Bichri. 14 ^[And x he went through all the
tribes of Ifrael unto yAbel, and to Beth-
maachah, and all the Berites : and they
were gathered together, and went alfo
after him.
15 And they came -and befieged him
****;'£ f*:"f' in Abel of Beth-maachah, and they zcaft
por i,jwT»ji*ijp a bank againft the city, and » it ftood
in the trench : and all the people that
were with Joab * battered the wall, to
throw it down.
1 6 % Then cried a a- wife woman' out
of the city, Hear, hear ; fay, I pray you,,

Before Chrift
IOJI.

t 2Kiri. 9. 32. with
Deut. 20. 5.

II Ch. 17. 25. Pf. 55
'? 23. Rev. 16. 5, 6.

B Or They plainly
fpake in the begin.
ning, faying, Sard,
they villi ask of A-
hel, and fo make an
end. Deut. 20. 11.
Jofll. 9. 14.

a man rver.i,i4.joih.is..
fon of

X Sheba. Ver. 4.
y 2Kin. 15. 29.
z Chi. 16. 4. 1 Kin,
15. 20. Jolh. 18.
25. ver. 15.

utm-Ji vlall.

• Hah. marred t.
ehrvui deum.

a Eccl. 9. 14—18.
I Cor. I. 27,

A wife woman procures peace.
unto Joab, Come near hither, that I may
fpeak with thee.
1 7 And when he was come near unto
her the woman faid, Art thou Joab ?
And he anfwered, I am he. Then fhe
faid unto him, Hear the words of thine
handmaid. And he anfwered, I do hear.
18 Then fhe fpake, faying, b They
were wont to fpeak in old time, faying.
They fhall furely afk counfel at Abel : and
fo they ended the matter.
19 I c am one of them that are peaceable ^^h^m.
and faithful in Ifrael : thou feekeft to de
ftroy a city and da mother in Ifrael; why *K™*«!?5'*T"
wilt thou e fwallow up the inheritance of eN^'i'5'ji **
the Lord ? _ *£,W5r2i.'£
20 And Joab anfwered and faid, Far
be it, far be it from me, that I fhould
fwallow up or deftroy.
2 1 The matter is not fo : but
of mount Ephraim (Sheba the
Bichri by name) hath lifted up his hand
againft the king, even againft David :
deliver him only, and I will depart from
the city. And the woman faid unto
Joab, g Behold, his head fhall be thrown g*Kin.io.7.
to thee over the wall.
22 Then the woman went unto all the
people hin her wifdom. And they cut off "*«*•»*
the head of Sheba the fon of Bichri, and
caft it out to Joab. And he ' blew a trum
pet, and they retired from the city, every
man to his tent : and Joab returned to
Jerufalem unto the king.
23 f Now k Joab was over all the hoft k ?ch?: ££„
of Ifrael: and Benaiah the fon of Je
hoiada Was over the Cherethites and over
the Pele^thites :
24 And ' Adoram was over the tri
bute: and Jehofhaphat the fon of Ahilud
was "* recorder:
25 And Sheva was fcribe: and m Za
dok and Abiathar were the priefts :
26 And " Ira alfo the Jairite was + a
chief ruler about David.

Ch.2.2g. &18.16.
& 15.10. Prov. 24,
21. Sc 25. o-'-io.-

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — We muft not expect to
enjoy long peace on earth. Foolifli, and even trifling, quarrels have

oft-ri dangerous confequences ; and all of a fudden our moft zea
lous friends may become our bittereft enemies. Objects of un
lawful pleafure are often turned into ftanding memorials of our

1 Ch. ft. 16- i'KIi*
4. 3,6.&l2^f,

f Or remembrancer.
mCh.S.17. Num. J.
32. 1 Chr. 1*. 16.

n Ch. 23. 38. Judtj.
10. 4.
% Or a tr'.me.

grief and fhame : and an obfcure retirement is. fitteft for thofe
¦who have made themfelves publicly fcandalous. Kings feldom
find- that rafli changes of the commanders in their army turn out
to their fatisfadrion. Hardened murderers cannot be reftraine'd by
law. Impunity in one ail encourages them to another. But let
8

Perjury and murder punifhed by famine.

CHAP. XXI.

Before Chrift
ICZl.

CHAP. XXI.

a Lev, 26 i6. I Kin.
18. 1. & 17- 1.
About 1018.
lb Keb.fiught the face,
8cc. Num 27. 21.
Judg. I. 1. lSam.
23. 2, 4, II. ch. j.
19, 23- w- S°- "5-
&91. 15.
c Jofh. 7. 1,2. J Sam.
22. 16. Rev. 6. 10.
gxod. 20. 5.

3 Jofh. 9. 3, 16, 17.
Judg. 11. 35. Prov.
20.25- Heb. 6. 16.

c Deut. 7. 16. 1 Sam.
14.44. wi'h 15. 8-
Gal. 4. 18. Rom.
10. 2.

f Jer. 29.7. Exod. 20.
24. with Deut. 32,
o. Pf. 135. 4, M'
Exod. 19. 5, 6-
Gen. 17. 7.

J Or It is not filver
nor gold that tele
have to do vsith,
Saul or his houfe,
neither pertains it
to ui to lull, Sec.
Efth. 9. 10, 16.
Num. 35. 31—33.

li Ormrui-otf. Mat.
7. 2. 1'rov. 3. 29.
ElU. 9. 24.

J Efth. 9. to. Deut.
21. 22. Num. 25,
4, S- Pror. 21. 3.

It 1 Sam. 10. I . & 9.
16,17. Acts 13.21.

Almoft forty years ago Saul had flain many of the
Gibeonites in his pretended -zeal for the children of
Ifrael. Here ( I ) God punifhes that violation of the
national oath, and effufion of innocent blood, by a three
years' famine; 1,2. (2J By the delivery of feven
of Saul's offspring to the Gibeonites, who hanged them
before the Lord, the plague of famine is f opt; 1 — 9.
(3) Affecledwith Rizpab's care ofthe hanged bodies,
David orders them to be taken down, and decently
buried along with the bones of Saul and Jonathan,
now brought from Jabefh-gilead; 10 — 14. (4) In
four different battles the Philiflines are defeated,
and their giants flain, by the hand of David and his
fervants; 15 — 22.
THEN there was a * famine in the
days of David three years, year
after year ; and David b inquired of the
Lord. And the Lord anfwered, c It is
for Saul, and for his bloody houfe, be
caufe he flew the Gibeonites.
2 And the king called the Gibeonites,
and faid unto them : (now the Gibeonites
were not of the children of Ifrael, but
d of the remnant of the Amorites ; and
the children of Ifrael had fworn unto
them: and Saul fought to flay them eiii
his zeal to the children of Ifrael and Ju
dah :)
3 Wherefore David faid unto the Gi
beonites, What fhall I do for you ? and
wherewith fhall I make the atonement,
that ye may f blefs the inheritance of the
Lord ?
4 And the Gibeonites faid unto him,
K We will have no filver nor gold of Saul,
nor of his houfe; neither for us fhalt thou
kill any man in Ifrael. And he faid,
What ye fhall fay, that will I do for you.
5 And they anfwered the king, The
man that confumed us, and that h de
viled againft us that we fhould be de
ftroyed from remaining in any of the
coafts of Ifrael,
6 Let ' feven men of his fons be deli
vered unto us, and we will hang them
up unto the Lord in Gibeah of Saul,
k whom the Lord did choofe. And the
king faid, I will give them.

tors? but aland of
expiation, they
¦werejeft hanging
on the gibbets, till
the Lo^d marked
hirrcconci lenient «
Num. 25. 4, 5-%
I Kin. 18. 40, 4T.

Seven of 'Saul 's fons hanged.
7 But the king fpared Mephibofheth, ""JSff"*
the fon of Jonathan the fon of Saul, be- i^-m^
caufe of m the Lord's oath that .was m,sira.,8.1.&»o.
between them, between David and Jo- S,4S'"
nathan the fon of Saul.
8 But the king took the two fons of
"Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, whom fhe •^"^
bare unto Saul, Armoni and Mephibo
fheth ; and the five fons of ° Michal the • ?S,f "
daughter of Saul, whom fhe * brought •Heb.^r-.^™/.
up &for Adriel the fon of Barzillai the
Meholathite :
9 And he delivered them into the hands
of the Gibeonites; and they hanged them
p in the hill before the Lord : and they "St^aSpS
_ -,1 , Saul's family, an*
fell all feven . together, and were put to *> *»£«*•
death in the days of harveft, in the firft
days, iin the beginning of barley harveft. ^l'2"'mt
10 ^F And r Rizpah the daughter ofr%^*S"£-
II ¦*- J-i-XVJ- r - r 1 tors, but aland of
Aiah took fackcloth, and fpread it for her
upon the rock, from the beginning of
harveft until water dropped upon them
out of heaven, and fuffered neither the
birds of the air to reft on them by day
nor the beafts of the field by night.
1 1 And it was told David what Riz
pah the daughter of Aiah the concubine
of Saul had done.
12 ^f And David went and took the
bones of Saul, and the bones of Jonathan
his fon, from the men of Jabefh-gilead,
which had ftolen them from the ftreet of
Beth-fhan, where the s Philiftines had ' \l%f:J^Ki'at
hano-ed them when the Philiftines had .'°
flain Saul in Gilboa :
13 And he brought up from thence the
bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan
his fon ; and they gathered the bones of
them that were hanged.
14 And ' the bones of Saul and Jona- tC£*;£.5-&1-31'
than his fon buried they in the country of
Benjamin in Zelah, " in the fepulchre of "'"
Kifh his father: and .they performed all
that the king commanded. And after
that x God was entreated for the land.
15 ^[Moreover, the Philiftines had yet ^K'^fi'
war again with Ifrael; and David went About I010.

1. 28, 1 Sam.

x Ch. 24. 25. Jodi, 7.
26. Zech. 6. 8.
Efth. 8. 10. Jon. I.

them outbrave their fovereign, or cover their bloodfhed ; yet God
will punifh them at laft. One daring finner often involves many
in his puniftiment. But what a mercy, amidft the ravages of war,
Vol. 1.

is a fit mediator ! The terms of peace may often be very eafy*
would the parties but once confer together and underftand one
another. Q.qq

Philiflines defeated; giants fain.

II. SAMUEL, Profejftons of faith and thankfgiving.

Befcie Chrift
J02C

yOr Hatha. Gen. (5.
4. I Sam. 17. 5.
t Heb. the Jlaf, or
J 7. /. nine pounds
and a halt aver-
dupoife.
aGen. 22.14. Pf. 46.
- J. ch, 22. 19.

a Ch. 18. 3.

bCh.14. 7. J Kin. II
36. & 15. 4. Pf.
132. 17.
' R Heb. candle, or

* I Chr. 20. 4. & 11,
29.
•As alfo near Gezer.
ICIg.
t Or Rapha. IOlB.
4 See 1 Chr. 20. 5.
*; 11. ei.

e 1 CXr, vs. 61 7.

$ Or refrca&cd.
f I Sam. 16. 9. Sham
mah, or Shamma,
I Chr. 2.13.
£ I Sam. 17. 50.
J Chr. 20. 4—8.
If. 14. 20; 21. Jer.
9. 23. Eccl. 9. 11,
I Cor. 1. 27. Rom.
*• 3l> 37-

down, and his fervants with him, and
fought againft the Philiftines; and David
waxed faint.
1 6 And Ifhbi-benob, who was of the
fons of y the giant, the weight of whofe
+ fpear weighed + three hundred fhekels of
brafs in weight, he being girded with a
new fword, thought to have flain David.
1 7 But Abifhai the fon of Zeruiah *fuc-
coured him, and fmote the Philiftine, and
killed him. Then the men of David fware
unto him, faying, a Thou fhalt go no
more out with us to battle, that thou
b quench not the " light of Ifrael.
1 8 e And it came to pafs after this,
that there was again a battle with the
Philiftines at * Gob : then Sibbechai the
Hufhathite flew Saph, who was of the
fons of t the giant.
1 9 And there was again a battle in Gob
with the Philiftines, where d Elhanan,
the fon of Jaare-oregim, a Beth-lehemite,
flew the brother of Goliath the Gittite, the
ftaff of whofe fpear was like a weaver's
beam. 20 And e there was yet a battle in
Gath, where was a man of great ftature,
that had on every hand fix fingers, and
on every foot fix toes, four and twenty
in number ; and he alfo was born to the
giant. 21 And, when he + defied Ifrael, Jona
than the fon of f Shimea the brother of
David flew him.
22 g Thefe four were born to the giant
in Gath, and fell by the hand of David
and by the hand of his fervants.
CHAP. XXII.
Is much the fame as Pfalm xviii. After the title,
we have (l) Exulting profeffions of faith in, and

love to, God. as related to him ; %• — 4. (2) High
praifes of God for thofe marvellous deliverances from
diflrefs ; 5 — 21 : and advancements in conquefts and
power he fad beflowed upon him; 30 — 49: and for
what he ivould do for him and for others; 26 — 29,
5°j 51, (3) Sweet comfort in the review of his
own integrity; 21 — 25.
N D David a fpake unto the Lord
the words of this fong in the day
that the b Lord had delivered him out of
the hand of all his enemies, and out of
the hand of Saul :
2 And he faid, c The Lord is my rock,
and rny fortrefs, and my deliverer ;
3 The God of my rock ; in him will I
truft : he is my fhield, and the horn of
my falvation, my high tower, and my
refuge, my faviour ; thou faveft me from
violence. 4 d I will call on the Lord, who is
worthy to be praifed : fo fliall I be faved
from mine enemies.
5 e When the * waves of death com
pafled me the floods of + ungodly men
made me afraid ;
6 The i forrows of hell compafled me
about ; the fnares of death prevented me ;
7 E In my diftrefs I called upon the
Lord, and cried to my God; and he did
hear my voice out of his temple, and my
cry did enter into his ears.
8 h Then the earth fhook and trem
bled ; the foundations of heaven moved,
and fhook becaufe he was- wroth.
9 * There went up a fmoke out of his
noftrils, and fire out of his mouth de
voured: coals were kindled by it..
10 k He bowed the heavens alfo, and
came down ; and darknefs was under his
feet. 1 1 And x he rode upon a cherub, and

Before ChtiS
1 017,

a Pf. 18. title Sc cov
14. & 103. i-i, -
Sc 116. 1— 18.
Exod. 15. 1—22,
b Pf. 34. 19. 2 Tim,
4. 18. 2 Cor. 1. 10.
If. 46. 4. Job 5, 19,

ePf.i8.2,&c.&9i, 2.&;. 3,8.&i42.
4i 5- Sc 144. 1.
Prov. 18. 10. Gen.
15. 1. Pi'. 44 1, 7.
II. 8c 32^7. Ml*.
I. 21. Sc 18. Ib

<IPf. 55- t6. I Pet.
1. 17. Pi. 116. 4,
13. & 65. 1, 2.
Rom. 10.13.

ePf. 18. 5. & 22, 16Y
Sc 3. 1. Sc 142. 3,4.
& 140. 2—5. Si
118. 10—13.
* Or pangt.
+ Heb. Belial.
f Or crds. Pf. ill
3- & 18.;. 1 Sam,
18. 21.
g Aas 12. 5. Jon. 2.
z. Pf. 34. 6. & 50.
15. Sc 91. 15. &
116. I — 5.. Sc 102.
17,19. Hof. 5. Jj.
Sc 6. 1, 2.

h Judg. 5.4. Job z&.
11. Afts 4. 31. Pr.
18. 7. & 77. 18. a
99. I. & 68. 8. Sc
114. 7. Exod. 10.
18. Hab. 3. 6.
i Deut. 4. 24. Heb..
12. 29. Exod. 24.
17- Sc 19. 18. Pf.
18. 8. & 50. 3,4. &
97.3. 2 Thef. I.!..
kPr.144, 5. If.64.1,
z. Pf. 97. z. & 77.
10—19. Exod. 19.
18. & 20.19. Sc 24.
15. Heb. 12. 18.
lPf.l8.lo.&68.l7. Sc 103. 20, 21. St
104. 3, 4,. Gen. 3..
24. Heb. 1. 14-.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — The obligations of public
oaths and covenants are lafting and folemn; and the breaches pf
them, be the pretexts what they will, are highly provoking to
God. Wicked and murderous magiftrates are a great plague to
nations. God may long defer his judgments without averting
them : but old fins are not forgotten by him. The time of re-
compenfe will come at laft; and may foon turn a fruitful land into
barrennefs. God's judgments fhould therefore make us fearch
out and bewail our own and our father's iniquities. The fins of
parents often entail mifery on their pofterity. And, though the
poor opprefled fhould have no power to relieve themfelves, God
will plead their caufe: nor, till fatisfaclion be made them, can we

hope for a blefling from God. Thus they, who malicioufly de-
figned the ruin of others, bring themfelves and families to mifery:
and how unfearchable are the judgments of God in ruining the
families of his wrath! Severe executions for the public good are
fometimes neceflary. Many parents are long fpared to meet with
fad fcenes of anguifh and grief: and often furvivors, by taking
pains to revive the memory of loft friends, prove their own felf-
tormentors. Fidelity to fovereigns in moments of danger is ex
tremely honourable. Strength of body is of no ufe to refift God
or withftand death. But,, let God's people be attacked as often as
they may by their enemies, they will come off" more than coiv«
querors through him who loveth them.

The Lord's great deliverance of David. CHAP. -XXII. David's triumphant thankfgiving to God.

Before Chrift
1017.

aiPf. 97-2. lKin.8.
12. Pi. 77. 16—19.
& 18. II.
{ Heb. binding tf
vsalirs.

n Pf. 29. 3— 9-&77'
17, 18. & 50. 3.
Job 32. 7—5-

5.20,21. 1 Sam. 7.
10. Pf. 18. IS- &
68, Hab. 3. 5—13

1 Pf. 56. 9. Sc 3. 7.
2 Cor. 1. 10. 2Tim.
4- I7i >8-

did fly : and he was feen upon the wings
ofthe wind.
1 2 And he made m darknefs pavilions
round about him, + dark waters, and
thick clouds of the fkies.
1 3 Through the brightnefs before him
were coals of fire kindled.
14 The n Lord thundered from hea
ven, and the Moft High uttered his
voice.
*• I,'.Vsanld| 1 5 And he ° fent out arrows, and fcat-
2.&'i,8'.i3. tered them ; lightning;, and difcomfited
3.5-13- , » o t>'
them.
p*™zikz]o$:-M. 1 6 And p the channels of the fea ap-
k'tV-'hs^ peared, the foundations of the world were
it Hab. i-lfi'i. difcovered, at the rebuking of the Lord,
at the blaft of the breath of his noftrils.
q52a,dfcs9i* °.,P S. 1 7 1 He fent from above, he took me ;
1. 14. Dan. 6. 22. . '
abs 12. 7- i°b s- he drew me out of rmanv waters :
10,20. ll.43.12. r, • r\
& 46. 4- 2 cor. 1. jg s He delivered me from my ftrong
Iorfr,».pr.6o.t, enemy, and from them that hated me:
2. Sc 130. J. Rev. j '
for they were too ftrong for me.
1 9 ' They prevented me in the day of
pr.n8.5-1?. &my calamity; but the Lord was my
Vl-a4'-3'ftay.
¦£i*s;*7?& 20 He u brought me forth alfo into a
jy.&^'is.iV large place: he delivered me, becaufe he
delighted in me.
* «'.7;,co4r'.EiS<:158' 2 1 The * Lord rewarded me according
u-'t9'f-hKT-f to my righteoufnefs : according to the
7, 10. Eph. 2. 10. J D - £5
cleannefs of my hands hath he recom-
penfed me.
rnl£U:k"l 22 For I have ^kept the ways of the
if.38r3"1'4'7'8' Lord, and have not wickedly departed
from my God.
m%\W%%:£ 23 For all his 'judgments were before
me : and as for his ftatutes, I did not
depart from them.
a|"||pf t 24 I a was alfo upright II before him,
un! *„)«'' and nave kept myfelf from mine iniquity.
b ver. 21. 1 Tim. 4. 25 b Therefore the Lord hath recom-
lc,"'c«f.'sf:s£' Penfed me according to my righteoufnefs ;
according to my cleannefs in his eye-
ami fight.
'^"p^.^Jk .26 c With the merciful thou wilt fhew
thyfelf merciful, and with the upright
«•«. 5. 8. Ex„d. man thou wilt fhew thyfelf upright.
llzT.oe^i 27 d With the pure thou wilt fhew
«^Li"p,.S,8 thyfelf pure; and with the froward thou
jt E^xod. ,8. ». wjit c 0iew thyfeif unfavoury.

Before Chrift
1017.

28 And f the afflicfed people thou wilt
fave : but thine1 s eyes are upon the fpi. ,2.5.^.63.9-
haughty, that thou mayeft bring them f^fi^/f*-
down. P'0'ZI'4'' '
--^ n . y-^ f g Or candle. Pf. 2?-
29 For thou #;•/ my lamp, O Lord : |-*y(-6I-IMi£7;
and the Lord will lighten my dark- f^6' Zi' PI"
nefs. tj-x 11 t1 U ^ 1 h Or broken a troop.
20 f'orbvthee I have " run through pf.u8.10-.12.
J J - O Phil. 4. 13. Rom.
a troop : by my God have I leaped over s- "•
a wall. 31 As for God, ! his way is perfect ; iD6e£^&*"'
the word of the Lord is tried: he is a s'9&l8i3°-
buckler to all them that truft in him.
32 For kwho is God, fave the Lord? ku%\lz.£\i%.
and who is a rock, fave our God? *, .S& 89. 6, s,'
33 ' God w my ftrength «»</ power; ' ^.SS™* 48. 14. ver. 2, 3.

and he maketh my way perfecl.
34 He

maketh my feet like hinds' "ctVirKo*,.
feet ; and fetteth me upon my high Ifi^il'.Vi'.Ui.

places. 2$ " He teacheth my hands to war; fo "*[:£,*
that a bow of fteel is broken by mine %*tf.it$i°l

8. Sc to8.
8. TO — 12.
Sc 144. 1. Rom. 8.

arms.

oGcn. 1 j. j. Pf. 84.

p Heb. teiu}t'tplicd me.
Pi. its- sa. Gen.
22. 17.

36° Thou haft alfo given me the fhield °jic-E°h'.6.i6;
of thy falvation ; and thy gentlenefs hath
p made me great.
2y q Thou haft enlarged my fteps q,sam.2.9.pr.i*,
under me ; fo that my "* feet did not flip, jti.l'il'
38 rl have purfued mine enemies, and *Heb-Md"-
deftroyed them; and turned not again ' xvtli.iU*. ££'.
J w ch. viii. x. xviii.
until I had confumed them. "¦
qo And s I have confumed them, and s m^V .'t'fe
J s . 1 10. 1. 5, (tiix it,
wounded them that. they could not arife; j8-
yea, they are fallen under my feet.
40 For c thou haft girded me with * 'J?*:??: ££]:
ftrength to battle : them that rofe up v.vE". *'.»?!?.«¦.
againft me haft thou + fubdued under *»*.«>!/•«* »»«.
me. 41 Thou u haft alfo given me the necks u ^.^oiLo^
of mine enemies, that I might deftroy them
that hate me.
42 They * looked, but there was none "fXMcj*"?.
to fave; even unto the Lord, but he
anfwered them not.
43 Then ? did I beat them as fmall as y Dan"8',^"'*.
the duft of the earth ; I did ftamp them *¦***. il£.
as the mire of the ftreet, and did fpread
them abroad.
44 Thou zalfo haft delivered me from ?ch.i™.xviiL«.
the ftrivings of my people; thou haft
Q.qq 2

David's triumph in God, and lafl words. II. SAMUEL.

Exploits of David's principal heroes.

Before Chrifl
cir. 1017.
a Ch. v. viii, x. Pf.
60. 8. Sc 2. 8. Dan.
7. 14.
J Heb. Sens of the
ftranger.
b Or yield feigned obe
dience. Acts 3. 13,
18.
I Heb. lie.
€ Heb. arm them
felves. 1 Kin. 20.
11.
d Deut. 32. 39, 40.
Pf. 144. 1, 2. Luke
J.47. Job 19.25.

eW.94.1. &43.1.
*c 35-1-
f 2 Cor. 1, g, 10. ch.
v. viii. x. xviii.
xx. lS-.m. xviii —
xxxi. Eph. 2. 5, 6.

J Pf. 18. 48. & 113.
7,8. & 43. 1,2. Sc
140. T. *C 3. 7.
I Sam. 2. 8. ch. 5,
12. 8c 7. S, 9.

hPf.ciii.cxvi.cxviii. cxlvi. Rem. 15.9.
If. xii. xxv. xxvi.

i Prov. 1°. 10. ver,
2, 3.ff. 18.50. &
3.3.&91.2.&89. 28, 29, ch, 7. 12.
Jer. 30.9. Rom. I.
3-

kept me to be a head of the heathen : a
people which I knew not fhall ferve me.
45 + Strangers fhall b " fubmit them
felves unto me : as foon as they hear they
fliall be obedient unto me.
46 Strangers fhall fade away, and
they fhall be c afraid out of their clofe
places. 47 The dLoRD liveth ; and bleffed be
my rock ; and exalted be the God, of the
rock of my falvation.
48 It is e God that avengeth me, and
that f bringeth down the people under
me, 49 And that bringeth me forth from
mine enemies : s thou alfo haft lifted
me up on high above them that rofe up
againft me : thou haft delivered me from
the violent man.
50 Therefore h I will give thanks unto
thee, O Lord, among the heathen, and
I will fing praifes unto thy name.
51 Pie ' is the tower of falvation for
his king; and fheweth mercy to his
anointed, unto David, and to his feed for

evermore.

CHAP.

XXffl.

Contains ( I ) Some of David's lafl words, intimating
what magiftrates ought to be and do, and vjhat Jefus
would be and do ; what comfort he found in the ful
nefs and ft ability of God's covenant; and what mi
fery fhould befall the enemies of his feed, and efpecially
of Jefus Chrifl ; I — 7. (2) A lift of fiis principal
warriors, and their mofi remarkable exploits ;
8-39.
NOW thefe be a the laft words of
David. David the fon of Jeffe faid,
fch. ^nd bthe man who was raifed up on high,
t-lL^JL70 fhe anointed of the God of Jacob, and
c Amos 6. 5.
16. 4, 5. Pf.

1 01 5,
s Gen. 49. t.
D^-ot. 33. i
Jaih, 23. I. 2 ret.
1. 13. Pf. 7-

, Sec.

';£¦£ the c fweet pfalmift of Ifrael, faid,

Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — Such as God has intended
for great honour, or who follow Jefus into his kingdom, may be
affured of meeting with many enemies by the way. But what was
in the promife the obje£f. of our faith, will, in the fulfilment, be
come the matte/ of our praife. Behold what God is to his people!
Everything they can need-, every thing they can enjoy. Happy
thofe who can claim this infinite all, in every form, as their own.
To awaken their importunity, and to magnify God's love and
power in their deliverances, God's people art- often reduced to the
dtepzii diftreffes : and thofe whom he moft delights in have the
kversS: exercifes of their faith and patience. But, the lharper our

2 The « Spirit of the Lord fpake by Bef^ria
me, and his word was in my tongue. •ipm.i.u mi.
3 The e God of Ifrael faid, the Rock of e £^+?
Ifrael fpake to me, f He that ruleth over i&PEV1--*
men mufl be juft, ruling in the fear '
God:

of

4 And s he fhall be as the light of the
when the fun rifeth, even a

fPf. 82. 3,4. Ronl.
13- J-4- Pf- 45- 6,
1-Sc-jz.z. Mic. 5.
1,2. If. 11.4,5.0V
52.1.
%}"<'£¦ 5- li. Prov.
418. Pf.72.6. &
no. 3. Luxe 1.68.
Mal. 4. 2. John 1,
7.9-
h If. II. 1. 8c a. 1.
Jet. 23. 5. Zech. 3.

morningmorning without clouds ; as h the tender
grafs fpringing out of the earth by clear
mining after rain.
5 Although my houfe be 'not fo with iv«-3,4-ch.7.is,
God ; yet he hath k made with me an
everlafting covenant, ordered in all things
and fure : for ' this is all my falvation
and all my defire, although * he make it

not to grow

k Ch. 7. 17, 16. jer,
31. 31. & 33. 1,.
If- 9. 6, 7. Pf.89.
3.4,28.35. Mat.
16.18. Rom. 4. 16.
IPf. 16. 5, 6. Sc 73.
25, 26. Sc saz. 5.
j Cor. 2. 2. Gal. 6.
14. Phil. 3. 8.

mlf.4 9.6

2. Sc-j. 14. &
7.8c u. 1.

n Deut. 13. 13.,
1 Sam. 2. 12. Luke
19. 14, 27. If. 27.
+ P1.21. 8— 10.&
68. 1, 2. & 1 i.i z,
5, 6. Sc 92. 7, 9. &
58.9.0s 37.17, 20,
38.

6 But the n fons of Belial fhall be all
of them as thorns thruft away, becaufe
they cannot be taken with hands :
7 But the man that fhall touch them
muft be fenced with iron and the ftaff of
a fpear, and they fhall be utterly burned
with fire in the fame place.
8 \ Thefe be the names of the mighty
men whom David had : ° the Tachmo-
nite that fat in the feat, chief among the
captains ; the fame was Adino the Ez-
nite : he lifted up his fpear againft eight
hundred, whom he flew at one time.
9 And after him was p Eleazar the fon pJ7Ch4r;"- ,2-&
of Dodo the Ahohite, one of the three
mighty men with David when q they
defied the Philiftines that were there ga
thered together to battle, and the men
of Ifrael were gone away.
He arofe, and fmote the Phili-

o OrJejhehl^Jfehct the
¥achmonitcjicad-ofthethree. lChr.lt.
II.. Thefe wor
thies were typical
•f the apolHes,
evangelifts, ani
teachers.

q Judg. 5. 12, I*.
I Sam. 17. 8—10.

IO

ftines until his hand was weary and his
hand clave unto the fword : and the Lord
a great viclory that day ; and

r With Mark SA. 50.
II.63. 3, S-Sc 32.
2, 3. & 53, 12. Pi.
68. 18.

wrought

trials, let us call the more earneftly upon God. Perfeverance in
prayer will alTuredly be crowned with deliverance — amazing deli
verance ! What a mercy is it to receive grace to watch and wreftle
againft the fins which do fo eafily befet us — -to have the teftimony
of a good confeience — and to have God freely rewarding his own
grace in us! Great is the advancement of God's peopl". And it
is reafonable that God fliould have the glory of all that ftrength,
fuccefs, or honour, with which he hath blefled us : yea, the more
God has done for us, the more good we may expetSt at his hands.
And the more confidently ftmuld all our faith, our thankfgiving,
and our joy, centre in Jefus Chrift our Lord.

14- Or Sharamoth.

fon of A gee the Hararite.
liftines were gathered together
where was a piece of ground full
: and the people fled from the

"Ki^vc?: Philiftines
IO.

Exploits of David's chief warriors.
Eefore^chrift tae ^qq^q returned after him only to
~~ ' fpoil.
*\W:M-.?iik ' n And after him was s Shammah the
And the Phi-
into a
troop,of lentiles
Philiftines 12 But he ftood in the midft of the
ground and defended it, and flew the
and ' the Lord wrought a
great vicfory.
*Vlr',t"U^fim 1 3 And * three of the thirty chief went
down, and came to David in the harveft
UH™-w-'lChr' time unto u the cave of Adullam : and
the troop of the Philiftines pitched in the
* tfCl i^.'5' valley of x Rephaim.
y ch.3^'9"' 4' 5' or J4 And David was then ? in an hold,
and the garrifon of the Philiftines was
then in Beth-lehem.
15 And David longed, and faid, Oh
that one would give me drink of the
*&' jofuTand z water of the well of Beth-lehem which
tui foirit. John 4. • 1 . -i ,1
io,iz. n. 12. 3. is by tne gate !
1 6 And the three mighty men brake
1 through the hoft of the Philiftines, and
drew water out ofthe well of Beth-lehem
that was by the gate, and took it, and
brought it to David : neverthelefs, he
a 1 sam. 25. 32,33- would not drink thereof, but poured a it
V«r. 17. 1 Chr. II. » s.
&fiVtln'H' out unt0 the Lord:
1 7 And he faid, Be it far from me, O
Lord, that I fhould do this : is not this
the blood of the men that went in jeo
pardy of their lives ? therefore he would
not drink it. Thefe things did thefe three
mighty men.
1 8 And b Abifhai" the brother of Joab,
the fon of Zeruiah, was chief among
three. And he lifted up his fpear againfl
three hundred, + and flew them, and had
the name among three.
19 Was he not moft honourable of
three ? therefore he was their captain :
ci'/.V,J428:,Cor' hovvbek, he c attained not unto the firft
three. 20 And d Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada,
the fon of a valiant man of e Kabzeel,
usiFzTit,.* '' f who had done many acts, he few two
^xodX'.f.^- B lion-like men of Moab: he went down

C H A P. XXIII.

A lift of David's mighty men.

b1Chr.12.00, 21. &
z. ifj. 1 Sam. 26. 6.

fHeb.fiaiit.

4 Ch. 20. i\. 1 Kin.
2. 35. 1 Chr. 11.
22, 25,

i I Sam. 17.51. Thc
names of thefe
migh t . es are fome-
what dilfarciu
here from what

alfo and flew a lion in the midft of a pit ^Tofff
in time of fnovv :
21 And he flew an Egyptian, k a goodly h"™,°e'"or>ft""""
man: and the Egyptian had a fpear in ffctjyy""1®**
his hand ; but he went down to him with
a ftaff, and plucked the fpear out of the
Egyptian's hand, and ' flew him with his
own fpear.
22 Thefe things did Benaiah the fon of 'if'£f^fr
Jehoiada, and had the name among three
mighty men.
23 He was + more honourable than f ^iZti'-ty.
the thirty, but he attained not to the
firfl three. And David fet him over his
|| 4 . |; Or touncil.
" guard. ,„. ,.
t> * Heb. at hit torn-
24 k Afahei the brother of Joab was """"'¦
one of the thirty; ' Elhanan the fon of n,'S.' '
Dodo of Beth-lehem, ' Not " ver' *
25 m Shammah the Harodite, Elika »»o»- »•*».*
the Harodite,
26 Helez the Paltite, Ira the fon of
Ikkefh the Tekoite,
27" Abiezer the Anethothite, Mebun- n ,chr' "¦ *?•
nai the Hufhathite,
28 Zalmon the Ahohite, °Maharai the • »<¦•*. n. 30.
Netophathite, 29 p Heleb the fon of Baanah a Ne- pichr.11.30, 3i.
tophathite, Ittai the fon of Ribai out
of Gibeah of the children of Benja
min, 30 Benaiah the 1 Pirathonite, Hiddai 'Jf^1- '*¦ Iolh-
ofthe + brooks of Gaafh, fOsvj,ir.
2i rAbi-albon the Arbathite, Azma- *><*'-"-*n-
veth the Barhumite,
32 Eliahba the Shaalbonite; s of the !,Chr-"M-
fons of Jafhen, Jonathan,
22 Shammah the Hararite, l Ahiam 1 1chr.11.3j.
the fon of Sharar the Hararite,
34 Eliphelet the fon of Ahafbai the
fon of the Maachathite, u Eliam the fon «ch.ir.3.&i5.iz.
of Ahithophel the Gilonite,
2$ x Hezrai the Carmelite, Paarai the xichr.n.37.
Arbite, 36 y Igal the fon of Nathan of Zobah, y«chr.ii.3*.
Bani the Gadite,
37 z Zelek the Ammonite, Nahari the *ichr.n.^
Beerothite, armour-bearer to Joab the
fon of Zeruiah,
38 Ira an a Ithrite, Gareb ah Ith- »j°ft>-,is-48-ichr.
, *J ' II.40. o£ &• 50,53*
rite, .£.

David, in pride

V-,-rcrc Chrift
1017.
c Ch 11. j. xChr.u,
41. \K\\\. 15. 5.

39
leven

numbers his fubjecls.
b Uriah the Hittite
in all.

II. SAMUEL.

David's choice; God diminishes them.

thirty and

a God permitted Sa
tan totemptthein.
I Chr. 21. I — 4.
Gen. 45. 5. ch 16.
10. 1 Kin 22. 22.
Afts 4. 28.

cVer. 6. Gen. 14,14.
Sczs. 31. ch. 3. to.
Sc 17. 11. Judg. 20,
I. 1 Kin. 4. 25.
A Deut. 8. 13, 14.
Hab. 2. 4. Prov.
t6 t8. & 29. 23.
Scii. 12. .

ePf. J5-

was kindled a againft Ifrael,
moved David againft them to fay,

CHAP. XXIV.
Here, ( I ) Permitted of God, and tempted by Satan,
David, contrary to Joab's remonflrance, gratifies
his pride in numbering his Hebrew fubjecls; I — 9.
(2) Convitled of his fin, by means of Gad the pro
phet, he bitterly repents of it ; but is obliged to
choofe what punijhment God Jhould infiitl for dimi-
nijhing their number ; IO — 14. (3) By his humble
and fervent interceffion, the peflilence is flopped when
it had continued about nine hours, and deftroyed fe
venty thoufand; 15 — 17. (4) By creeling an altar
in Araunah's threfhing floor, aud offering facrifices
upon it, the reconciliation between God and Ifrael is
confirmed; 18 — 25.
ND again the anger of the Lord
and he
. Go
number Ifrael and Judah.
2 For the king faid to Joab the captain
*27ft2,9'2,i',Chr' of the hoft, which was with him, b Go
now through all the tribes of Ifrael, from
''Dan even to Beer-fheba, and number
ye the people, d that I may know the
number of the people.
3 And Joab faid unto the king, e Now
us. 14. ir. *6. tae Lord thy God add unto the people,
how many foever they be, an hundred
fold, and that the eyes of my lord the
king may fee it : but why doth my lord
the king delight in this thing ?
4 Notwithftanding the king's word
prevailed againft Joab, and againft the
captains of the hoft : and. Joab and the
captains of the hoft f went out from the
prefence ofthe king to number the people
of Ifrael.
5 5[ And they paffed over Jordan, and
pitched in E Aroer, on the right fide of
the city that lieth in the midft of the
* river of Gad, and toward h Jazer :
6 Then they came to ' Gilead, and to
f^hhhalilrdd"cw' the + land of Tahtim-hodfhi ; and they

fExod. 1, 17. Afls 5
29. & 4. 19.

% Dent. a. 36. Jofh,
15, 16. Num. 32.

came don, 7 And

to k Dan-jaan, and about to l Zi-

Before Chrift
1017.

k Gen. 14. 14. Jofh.
r J9- 47- .MS' «»¦
ot *>•
. 8. & 19.

mjofh. 19.29. 1 Kin.
5. 1. If. xxiii,
Ezek. xxvi —
xxviii.
n Gen. 21. 31—33.
Judg. 20. 1. fee

13.
16. & 15.5. & 22.
17. The 288,000 of
the trained banda
are not included
in this number, aa
in 1 Chr. 21. 5,6,

32. 5. Sc, 38. 4, 18.
&40. 11,12. & 51.
2. Prov. 28. 13.
1 John 1. 9. Mic.
7. 8, 9, 18, 10.

* Or valley.
h Num. 32. 35
16. 8, 9.
i Gen. 31. 21, 47
Num. 32. 1, 39,

If.

came to the ftrong hold
Tyre, and to all the cities ofthe Hivites IJj£-Wftho£.
and of the Canaanites : and they went
out to the n fouth ofjudah, even to Beer-
fheba. 8 So, when they had gone through all
the land, they came to Jerufalem at the
end of nine months and twenty days.
9 And ° Joab gave up the fum of the ^-4^-^
number of the people unto the king : and
there were in Ifrael eight hundred thou
fand valiant men that drew the fword ;
and the men of Judah were five hundred
thoufand men.
iovf And David's heart p fmote him'UX*5''"*'
after that he had numbered the people.
And David faid unto the Lord, * I have * S^ij.^'g
finned greatly in that I have done : and
now, I befeech thee, O Lord, take away
the iniquity of thy fervant ; for I have
done very foolifhly.
1 1 For, when David was up in the
morning, the word of the Lord came
unto the prophet r Gad, David's feer
faying, 12 a Go and
faith the Lord
choofe thee one
do it unto thee.
13 So Gad came to David, and told
him, and faid unto him, u Shall feven
years of famine come unto thee in thy
land ? or wilt thou flee three months be
fore thine enemies, while they purfue
thee ? or that there be three days pefti-
lence in thy land ? now advife, and fee
what anfwer I fhall return to him that
fent me.
14 And David faid unto Gad, *I
in a great ftrait : let us fall now into the

r 1 Sam. 22. 5. Sc 9:
9. 2 Chr. 29. 29. &
21. 9.

fay unto David,
; I offer thee three things ;
of them, ' that I may

TrmQ 6lChr.2I.I2. iKin.
Al-lUS I2. 24. Afts 15. 28.
Ezek. 3. 17. Acli
20. 27.
t Heb. 12. 6—10.
Rev. 3. 19. Prov.
3. 12. Pf. 94. 12.

11 Ch. 21. I. I Chr.
21. 12. i.e. three
years of famine,
added to thole in
ch.21. I. with th«
prefent year be
tween them.

o t-v-i x 2Kin. 6. 15. John
all± 12. 27. Mic. 7. 8,9.
Heb. 12. 5. 8.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIfl. — It is an high honour to
be endowed with gifts, and inverted with offices, by the God of
Ifrael, for the benefit of his people : for his gifts and graces are
neceflary for the faithful difcharge of every office in church or
ftate. What a mercy to mankind is Jefus and his new covenant!
It i; pleafant to die in his arms, beholding his glory, refting on his
atonement, and cleaving to his promife : but great is the wicked-
neff, and dreadful the end, of thofe that oppole him and the inte-
refts of his church. God diftributes in a moft fovereign manner

his endowments even in natural things, rendering men weak or
ftrong, cowardly or brave, as he pleafes. And it is finful, for felf-
indulgence, or to pleafe a fuperior's humour, to hazard human life :
and very neceflary to repent bitterly of fuch conduct. But let me,
refrefhed with the living water which flows from Jefus the Beth-
lehemite, be ftrong in the Lord, and in the power of his might;
fo fhall I put to flight the heroes and the armies of the aliens.. No
powers of hell or earth fhall be able to withftand me ; and with
honour fhall my deeds be recorded in the Lamb's book of life.

David purchafes the fpot for the

CHAP. XXIV.

temple ', and offers facrifices thereon.

Beroie Chrift
IO[7.
T Or many. Pf. IOJ.
II— T4. &S6. 5,
15. & 1^5.9. 1^40.
5. Exon. 34. 6, 7.
z Prov. iz. 10. If.
47.6. Zech. 1. 15.
iKin. ij. 3, 7.
2 Chr. 28. 6,9-
all". 37. 36- Num.16.
49. &25.g. 1 Sam.
1. 19.

* Gen. 6. 6. Pf. 78.
38. & 94. 14- &
106. 45. & 135. 14.
& 90. ij. Lam. 3.
32.Hof.u.8.Hab. 3.2. 1 Chr. 21. 15.

c Or Oman. I Chr.
21. 15.
•d 1 Chr. 21. 16. 17.

• Ver. 10. If. 6.?. &
64.6. Pf. 25.11.
Job 7. 20.
1 1 Kin. 22. 17. Pf.
44. ix. Jer. 12. 3.

£T Chr. 21. 18. Gen.
22. 14. 2 Chr. 20.
12. Pf. 46. 1.
a Cor. 5. 19, 21.
-jCoI. j. 20. ver. 25.

h1Chr.2T.19.Deut. 12. 32. Pf. 119.60.

i iChr. xi. ao, 21,

hand of the Lord ; for his mercies are
y great ; and let me not fall into the hand
of z man.
15 5T So the Lord fent a a peftilence
upon Ifrael, from the morning even to the
time appointed: and there died of the
people, from Dan even to Beer-fheba,
feventy thoufand men.
1 6 And, when the angel ftretched out
his hand upon Jerufalem to deftroy it,
b the Lord repented him of the evil, and
faid to the angel that deftroyed the people,
It is enough ; ftay now thine hand.
And the angel of the Lord was by the
threfhing place of c Araunah the Jebufite.
1 7 And David fpake d unto the Lord,
when he faw the angel that fmote the
people, and faid, eLo, I have finned, and
I have done wickedly : but f thefe fheep,
what have they done ? Let thine hand, I
pray thee, be againft me and againft my
father's houfe.
1 8 ^[ And Gad came s that day to
David, and faid unto him, Go up, rear
an altar unto the Lord in the threfhing
floor of Araunah the Jebufite.
19 And David, according to the fay
ing of Gad,
manded. 20 And
the king; and his fervants coming; on to-

went up, has the Lord corn-
1 Araunah looked, and faw

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — It is very dangerous
when the fins of fubje£f.s provoke God to permit Satan to tempt
their kings. He exactly difcerns our pride, and detefts it, and
every thing leading to or produced by it. And it is caufe of great
fhame to the faints when monfters of wickednefs are made to put
them in mind of the promifes of God and of their own duty. The
pleafures obtained by finful methods are quickly turned into the gall
of afps within us : and bitter are the griefs, and great the ftraits, when
we have no choice but of deffruclive judgments allowed us by God.
Alas ! our fin, our folly, makes it fo ! But let a fenfe of guilt put
an edge of importunity upon our prayers; — -it may be the Lord
will be gracious. He often Unites where he means not to deftroy,

wards him : and Araunah went out, and ^cTiy!""1
k bowed himfelf before the king on his
face upon the ground.
And Araunah faid, ' Wherefore is

k Gen. 18. 2. & 19 1.
ch. 9.8. Ruth 2 io.

21

1 1 Chr. 21.22. Ger>.
23. S— io. Jer. 32™
t— 14.

mNtun. 16. 48. P£
106. yj.

n Gen.23.Ti. iKiru
19. zi. 1 Chr. ir.

my lord the king come to his fervant ?
And David faid, To buy the threfhing
floor of thee, to build an altar unto the
Lord, that m the plague may be ftayed
from the people.
22 And Araunah faid unto David,
11 Let my lord the king take and offer up
what feemeth good unto him : behold,
here be oxen for burnt facrifice, and
threfhing inftruments and other inftru
ments ofthe oxen for wood.
23 All thefe things did Araunah, as a
king, give unto the king. And Araunah
faid unto the king, ° The Lord thy God
accept thee.
24 And the king faid unto Araunah,
p Nay, but I will furely buy it of thee at
a price : neither will I offer burnt-offer-
unto the Lord my God of that
So David
the oxen
for q fifty fhekels of filver.
25 And David r built there an altar unto
the Lord, and offered burnt offerings rGcn„?-M-&"
and peace offerings. So the Lord was
5 entreated for the land, and the plague
was ftayed from Ifrael.

0

IChr

2r. r6.

Pf.

20. 3.

Jam. 5.

ifw

Rom.

15. 1*,

0.

1 Tim

- 2. I, 2

1 Pet.
a. 5-
p
I Chr.
21. 24. Gea„
23.13,
Ir-oai. IJ
17,
ings which doth coft me nothing,
bought the threfhing; floor and
q iChr. zt. zee. He-
gave this for the
mere tloor,and the
oxen treading up
on it.
9. 1 Sam. 7. 9, 17.
2Chron.3.i. Gen.
22. z, K, 14.
1 Chr. 21. 26. clu-
2j. 14. ver. 14.
And though, in his juft judgment, he will abafe our pride by fmit-
ing our idol, he will mingle mercy with judgment. While, there
fore, we tremble at his judgments,, let us beware of provoking him
by our fins. How it ftings a generous mind to have neighbours,.
and efpecially a Saviour, iuffering for his fins ! But under all our
guilt, and all our plagues,, let Jefus, our altar, our facrifice, and
ranfom, be applied to as the means of our reconcilement to God.
Let facrifices of praife attend our pardon, and every manifeftatioii
of it. And, however generous our friends maybe, let us never
willingly come under needlefs obligations to them} and never let
us wifh to ferve God at the expenfe of others,-
The FIRST BOOK of KINGS.
Perhaps this and the following book were written by the prophets who lived in the refpeblive periods ; and the whole conneiled
together by Jeremiah or Ezra. They contain the hiftory of the Jewifh church and nation for about four hundred and twenty-
feven years, from the coronation of Solomon to the burning of the temple by the Chaldeans The alternate changes of mercies
and judgments therein reprefented are an exacl fulfilment o/Lev. xxvi. Deut. xxviii. xxxii.
Forty years the kingdom of Ifrael continued united under Solomon, whofe inflalment, wifdom, wealth, ereilion of the temple, and
idolatrous apoftafy, are largely defcribed ; i — xi. After the divifion, the kingdom of the. ten tribes continued two hundred,
and fifty- four years, under nineteen kings, defended from nine different families; viz. Jeroboam I. Nadab ; — Baafha, Elah;
—Zimri; — Omri, Ahab, Ahaziah, Jehoram; — Jehu, Jehoahaz, Jehoaflo, Jeroboam II. Zachariahi — Shallum ; — Me
nahem, Pekahiah ; — Pekah ; — Hofhea : all of them idolaters. The kingdom of Judah continued three hundred and eighiy-
fe-ven years, under nineteen kings of the line of David; viz. Rehoboam, Abijah,'Afa, Jehofoaphat, Jehoram, Ahaziah>,
(Athaliah was an ufurper), Joaflo, Amaziah, Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, Manaffeh, Arnon, Jofiah, Jehoahaz,
Jehoiakim, Jehoiacfoin, and Zedekiah : of whom Afa, Jehofliaphat, Jotham, Hezekiah, and Jofiah, were pious, and Ma
naffeh a penitent. The hiftory of thefe thirty-nine fovereigns , with that of the prophets Elijah and Elifoa, is the fubjeSl
matter of thefe books, fhe fcope is to fhew how righteoufnefs exalts a nation, and fin is the reproach of any people.

Eefote Chrift
1016.

*2Sam. 5.4. Pf. 90,

-;n v*. 8. St 40.
? & 41. }-, 3S.
.. courtiers.

c Deut. 1. 3?. Sc IO.
8. I Sain. 16. 21,

i Cen. 16. 5. Dent.
13. 6. 2 Sam. 12. 3.
IWic. 7. 5.
C Eccl. 4. 11. ver. 1.
I.E. :h. z. 2—4.

J Ch. 2. 17, 22. Jofh.
19. 18. 1 Sam. 28,
4. 2 Kin. 4. 6, 25.

h Gen. a. 1. Mat. 1.
M-
i 2 3..1-. ;. 4. 1 Chr.
j. 2.

CHAP. I.
Here ( I ) Abifhag, a young woman, is procured to affift
the declining health of king David; I — 4. (2) His
fon Adonijah attempts tofeize the kingdom, and feafts
his party for that purpofe; 5 — 10. (3) Nathan
and Batb-fheba contrive to fecure the fucceffion for
Solomon, and obtain an order from David for his in
flalment; 11 — 31. (4) Solomon is publicly anointed
king, to the great joy of the people; 32 — 40.
(5) The news hereof flops Adonijah' s ufurpation,
and difiperfes his party ; i,x — 49. (6) Solomon
pardons Adonijah on condition of his good behaviour ;
5°— 53-
NOW king David was a old and
ftricken in years ; and they co
vered him with clothes, but he
gat no heat.
2 Wherefore his b fervants faid unto
him, Let there be fought for my lord the
king a young virgin ; and let her c ftand
before the king, and let her cherifh him,
and dlet her lie in thy bofom, that my lord
the king e may get heat.
3 So they f fought for a fair damfel
throughout all the coafts of Ifrael ; and
found s Abifhag a Shunamite, and brought
her to the king.
4 And the damfel was very fair, and
cherifhed the king, and miniftered to him :
but the king h knew her not.
5 % Then 'l Adonijah the fon of Hag-

gith k exalted himfelf, faying, I will be
king. And l he prepared him chariots and
horfemen, and fifty men to run before
him. 6 And his father m had not difpleafed
him at any time in faying, Why haft
thou done fo ? and he alio was a very
n goodly man ; and his ° mother bare him
after Abfalom.
7 And p he conferred with q Joab the
fon of Zeruiah, and with Abiathar the
prieft : and they, following Adonijah,
helped him.
8 But r Zadok the prieft, and Benaiah the
fon of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet,
and Shimei, and Rei, and the 5 mighty
men who belonged to David, were not
with Adonijah.
9 And Adonijah ' flew fheep, and oxen,
and fat cattle, by the ftone of Zoheleth,
which is by uEn-rogel, and called all his
brethren the king's fons, and all the men
ofjudah the king's fervants:
10 But Nathan the prophet, and Be
naiah, and the mighty men, and Solo
mon his brother, he called not.
1 1 *[[ Wherefore Nathan x fpake unto
Bath-fheba the mother of Solomon, fay
ing, Haft thou not heard that Adonijah

Before Chtift
1016.
k Luke 14. 11. Prov.
16. 18. Sc 18. J2.
2 Sam. 12. 'II.
Judg. 9. 2. Deut.
17.15. 1 Chr. 22.9.
1 2 Sam. 15. 1. Deut.
17. 16. Pf. 20. 7.
m Prov. 23. 13. 8c
29. 15. 1 Sam. 3,
. 13. Lev. 19. 17.
11 2 Sam. 14. z$.
1 Sam. 9. 2. 8c 19.
*3-
02 Sam. 3. 3,4.
1 Chr, 3. 2.
p Pf. 2. 1. Ezek. 38.
10.
q 2 Sam. 8. its, 17.
ch. 2. 28— 35.

r 2 Sa:n. 8. 17, 18. 8c
7. 2. & 12. 1— 15.
Sc 16.5.
J 2 Sam. 23. 8 — 39.
I Chr. 11. jo— 47.

t Num. 23. t, Ptov.
15.8 K. Ml— 15.

u2Sam.15.17. Sc vs.
17 i. e. the fuller's
well. IS,j. I.

X iSam. 7.12—1;,
& 12. 24. I Chr.
12, 9. Sc 3. 5. J*
37-3.

JBath-fheba and Nathan remonflrate.

CHAP, h

Before Chrift
1016.

the fon of Haggith doth reign, and David
our lord knoweth // not ?

'EX 3: £* 2: 12 Now therefore come, rlet

1.1, & 24, 6. & I'.-
«5,2o. 5.2*. & pray thee, give thee counfel, that

a Ver. 21. Cea,
J7. Acb 28. 3

me, 1
thou
the life

aiChr. 12, 9, 10.
2Sam..i2. 24, 25.
%Deut.17.18. 1 Chr.
20. 23. & 28. 5. Sc
11.9, 10.

« Heb. /(/up. Ver.
J7— 27.

d Ver. 1, 4.

-eGoft.l8.2.ocl9.i. Ruth 2. 10. 2 Sam.

And the king

,;"¦ z mayeft fave thine own life and
of thy fon Solomon.
1 3 Go, and get thee in unto king David,
and fay unto him, Didft not thou, my
lord, Oking, fwear unto thine handmaid,
faying, a Affuredly Solomon thy fon fhall
reign after me, and he fhall b fit upon
my throne ? why then doth Adonijah
reign ?
14 Behold, while thou yet talkeft there
with the king, I alfo will come in after
thee, and K confirm thy words.
15 ^f And Bath-fheba went in unto the
king into the chamber : and the d king was
very old; and Abifhag the Shunamite
miniftered unto the king.
1 6 And Bath-fheba e bowed, and did
9j6,8.&,4.4,2* obeifance unto the king.
faid, What wouldeft thou ?
17 And fhe faid unto him, fMy lord,
thou fwareft by the Lord thy God unto
•Wi'&SS thine handmaid, faying, « Affuredly So
lomon thy fon fhall reign after me, and
he fhall fit upon my throne :
18 And now, behold, h Adonijah reign-
eth ; and now, my lord the . king, thou
knoweft it not :
1 9 And he * hath flain oxen and fat
cattle and fheep in abundance, and hath
called all the fons of the king, and Abia
thar the prieft, and Joab the captain of
the hoft : but Solomon thy fervant hath
he not called.
20 And thou, my lord, O king, the
eyes of all Ifrael are upon thee, that thou
fhouldeft tell them who fhall fit oh the
throne of my lord the king after him.
21 Otherwife it fhall come to pafs,
^Seu.'^'ir. when my lord the king fhall k fleep with
&7'47'.3o?',s'15' his fathers, that I and my fon Solomon
TATzS' fhall be counted 'offenders.
22 % And, lo, while fhe yet talked with
mver.M. the king, m Nathan the prophet alfo came
in. 23 And they told the king, faying,
Behold Nathan the prophet. And, when
Vol. I.

f lPet.}.6.Gen.i8 ia. Eph. j. 33.

ver. 13,

b Ver. 11, 13, 25.

5 Ver. 7, o, ij.

David caufes Solomon to be crowned.
in before the

limfelf before the king

king, with

Before Chtift
1016.

he
hlS n See ver. 16.

p Heb. let ling Ade~
nijith live. I Sa7n.
jo. 24. ver. 34.
Rev. 13, 4.
qVer. 8-

r 2 Sam, 7. 2. Sc 12.
24, 25. ver. 20.

he was come
" bowed h
face to the ground.
24 And Nathan faid, My lord, O king,
haft thou faid, Adonijah fhall reign after
me, and he fhall fit upon my throne ?
25 For ° he is gone down this day, and oVer-7'9>,»
hath flain oxen and fat cattle and fheep
in abundance, and hath called all the
king's fons, and the captains of the hoft,
and Abiathar the prieft; and, behold, they
eat and drink before him, and fay, p God
fave king Adonijah.
26 But me, q even me thy fervant,
and Zadok the prieft, and Benaiah the
fon of Jehoiada, and thy fervant Solo
mon, hath he not called.
27 Is this thing done by my lord the
king, and thou haft not ' fhewed /'/ unto
thy fervant, who fhould fit on the throne
of my lord the king after him?
28 ^F Then king David anfwered and
faid, Call me Bath-fheba. And fhe came
* into the king's prefence, and ftood
before the king.
29 And the king fware, and faid, 5 As
the Lord liveth, that hath t redeemed
my foul out of all diftrefs,
30 Even as UI fware unto thee by the aV'r"'^
Lord God of Ifrael, faying, Affuredly
Solomon thy fon fhall reign after me, and
he .fhall fit upon my throne in my ftead ;
even fo will I certainly do this day.
31 Then Bath-fheba x bowed with her x 7(H\V:tGeR
face to the earth, and did reverence to
the king, and faid, ' Let my lord
David live for ever.
32 % And king David faid, Call me
z Zadok the prieft, and Nathan the pro- "Ver,Mfc
phet, and Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada.
And they came before the king.
22 The king alfo faid unto them,
Take with you the fervants of your lord,
and caufe Solomon my fon to * ride upon
mine own mule, and bring him down to i'jchr.,».,o,
b Gihon: 34 And let Zadok the prieft and Na
than the prophet c anoint him there king
over Ifrael : d
pet, and fay, Rrv

*Heb,oif«-e the king, "-

s Judg. 8. iS, 19.
2 Sam. 12. 5, ch.
17. 1.
t Pf. 34. 19, 22. Sc
71. 23. 2 Sam. 4. 9.
Gen. 48. 10.

kino- y ^eh. j. 3. Da». t.
O 4. & 6. n.

a Gen. 4T. 35. Efth,
6.8.

ver. 45.
c I Sam. 10. i.t 16.
13. 2 Kin. 9. 3. &
11. T2. Sc 23. 3^,
Pi- 45- 7- Afts 10.
38. 1 John 2. 27.

and blow ye with the trum- d*;*-">f *\*£
God fave king Solomon. "&c^,1is7.mJS
Ji-9> 10,

Adonijah and his

I. KINGS.

guejls terrified.

Before Chrift
IOl6.

e Pf. 2. 6. 2 Sam. 19.
41. ch. 12. 19.

f Jer. 11. 5. Deut. 27.
15-26. PI. 33. 9,
Mat. 6. 13.

j» Jofh. 1. 5, 17.
2 Kin. 2. 9. Heb.
13. 5. 11'. 41. 10.
I Chr. 22. 16.
h Ver. 47. Pf. 72. 8.
2 Kin. 2. 9 Dan. 7.
14- Mat. 28. 18.
Phil. 2. 10, 11.
i Ver. 8, 26, 32, 33.
zSam. 15.18.&8.
18. ver. 44.

k 1 Sam. to. i.&i6.
I. Exod. 25. 6.
1 Chr. 29. 22.

1 1 Sam. 10. 24.&11,
15. ;Kin. 11. 20.
J Chr. 12. IO.
?.ech. g. 9. Pf. 97.
J- Sc A-j. 5—9.
Rev. 11. 14— 18,

si 1 Thef. ;. 2. Prov.
14. 13. Job 2©. 5.
Luke 17. 26. Phil.
3. ig. Acts 21. 31,
32.

fi 2 Sam. 15. 36. Sc
17. 17.

©4 Sam. 18. 27.
j Kin. 22. 8. Jer.
12.6. 1 Thef. 5.
*>3'

-p Ver. 32—40.

4 See ver, 38, 39.

2$ Then ye fhall come up after him,
that he may come and fit upon my
throne ; for he fhall be king in my ftead :
and e I have appointed him to be ruler
over Ifrael and over Judah.
36 And Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada
anfwered the king, and faid, f Amen :
the Lord God of my lord the king fay
fo too.
2y g As the Lord hath been with my
lord the king, even fo be he with Solo
mon, and h make his throne greater than
the throne of my lord king David.
38 % So ' Zadok the prieft, and Nathan
the prophet, and Benaiah the fon of Je
hoiada, and the Cherethites, and the Pe-
lethites, went down, and caufed Solomon
to. ride upon king David's mule, and
brought him to Gihon.
39 And Zadok the prieft took an k horn
of oil out of the tabernacle, and anointed
Solomon. And they blew the trumpet ;
and all the people faid, God fave king
Solomon. 40 And l all the people came up after
him, and the people piped with pipes,
and rejoiced with great joy, fo that the
earth rent with the found of them.
41 5F And Adonijah and all the guefts
that were with him heard it as they had
made an m end of eating. And when Joab
heard the found of the trumpet he faid,
Wherefore is this noife of the city being
in an uproar ?
42 And, while he yet fpake, behold,
"Jonathan the fon of Abiathar the prieft
came; and Adonijah faid unto him, Come
in ; for thou art ° a valiant man, and
bringeft good tidings.
43 And Jonathan anfwered and faid to
Adonijah, p Verily our lord king David
hath made Solomon king.
44 * And the king hath fent with him
Zadok the prieft, and Nathan the prophet,

Reflections upon Chap. I. — The ftrongeft conftitution of
men quickly waftes of itfelf, and every projecl for retaining of
ftrength or vigour is foolifh and ineffectual. A burden of infirmi
ties attends old age ; and happy they who, in the views of it, have
all things, ready for an eternal ftate ! Indulgent parents are com
monly in their old age contemned and plagued by their children,
efpecially fuch as they moft indulged. Ambition of reigning leads

and Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada, and the
Cherethites, and the Pelethites, and they
have caufed him to ride upon the king's
mule: 45 And Zadok the prieft and Nathan
the prophet, have anointed him king in
Gihon : and they are come r up from
thence rejoicing, fo that the city rang
again. This is the noife that ye have
heard. 46 And alfo Solomon s fitteth on the
throne of the kingdom.
47 And, moreover, the king's fervants
came to ' blefs our lord king David, fay
ing, u God make the name of Solomon
better than thy name, and make his
throne greater than thy throne. And the
king x bowed himfelf upon the bed.
48 And alfo thus faid the king, 'f Bleffed
be the Lord God of Ifrael, who hath
given one to fit on my throne this day,
mine eyes even feeing it.
49 And * all the guefts that were with
Adonijah were afraid, and rofe up, and
went every man his way.
50 ^[ And Adonijah feared becaufe of
Solomon, and arofe, and went, * and
caught hold on the horns of the altar.
5 1 And it was told Solomon, faying,
Behold, Adonijah feareth king Solomon :
for, lo, he hath caught hold on the horns
of the altar, faying, Let king Solomon
fwear unto me to-day that he will not flay
his fervant with the fword.
52 And Solomon faid, If he will fhew
himfelf a worthy man, there h fhall not
an hair of him fall to the earth: but, if
L wickednefs fhall be found in him, he fhall
die. 53 So king Solomon fent, and they
brought him down from the altar. And
he came and bowed himfelf to king So
lomon : and Solomon faid unto him, d Go
to thine houfe.

Before Chrift
IOl6. -

r 1 Chr, 11. 5. 1 Chr.
5.2.

»Ver. 13. Pf 132.11,
I Chr. 22. ia. Ses
28. 5. Sc 29, 2;.

t 2 Sam. 8. 10. & 21,
3. Exod. 12, 32.

u Ver. 37.

x Gen. 47. 31, Heb,
11. 21. Pf. 103 1—
6. Gen. 24. 26.
y Pf. 72. 18, 19.
I Chr. 29. 10 — 20,
Prov. 17. 6.

l/rav. 25. 1. fr. 53.
5. Job 20. 5. Dan.
5. 4—6. Afls 12.
aj.

a Exod. 38. 2. Sc 2IJ
14. ch. 2. 28. Pf.
118, 27.

b I Sam. 14. 45.
2 Sam. 14. n. Afi»
27. 34.
c Lev. 19. 15. Deut.
1. 17. a Chr. 19. 7.

d Prov. 24. it. tztz
7. 13, 14. John 15.
14. I Cor. 7. 20.,

many to trample on the ordinances of both God and men. And'
they are in general moft fond of high ftations who neither know
the duties of them, nor confider the labour and vexation which
attend them. Such as make their belly their god will fide with
any party that will feaft them beft. — But how eafily God defeats
every project inConfiftent with his promife,' even when it feems
fully fecured! In times of danger every. prudent mean ought to be

David charges Solomon to be pious.

CHAP. II.

David's charge concerning Joab, Sec.

Before Chrift
1015.

a Gen. 49; 1.&27.1.
Beut.33. 1. Jofh.
xxiii. xxiv. 2iJet.
1.13,14.
% Jsfh. 2314. Heb.
9. 27. Job 30. 23.
* Jofh. 1.7. &23.6.
1 Chr. 29. 20.
Prov. 16. 32.
I Tim. 4. 2. 2 Tim.
2. 1. 1 Cor. 16. 13.
d Jofh. 1.7. Deut. 4.
1. & 29. 9. & 6. 2.
& 17. 18. Mat. 4,
4. 1 Chr. 22. 6—
16. Sc 28.9— ZI.

a 2 Sam. 7. 15, 11—
16.P1. 132. 11, 12.
iChr. 22. 13. &
28.1,9. 2 Tim. 4.
5. Luke 1.6. Deut.
q. 5. 2 Kin. 23. 3,
25. 1 Thef. 2,io.

CHAP. II.
Here, ( I ) Having charged Solflwin to fear God, and
to take proper notice of Joab, Barzillai, and Shimei,
David dies, and is buried, after a reign of forty
years; I — 1 1. (2) Solomon begins his reign with
executing juftice ; ' Upon Adonijah, who, by afking
Abijhag his father's concubine to wife, made a new
attempt on the crown; 12 — 25: * Upon Abiathar
the high prieft, whom he thruft from his office, and
confined to Anathoth, for his fiding with Adonijah ;
thus fulfilling God's threatening againfl Eli's family;
26, 27 : ' Upon Joab, whom he put to death for
his late treafin and former murders ; 28 — 35 :
* Upon Shimei, whom he confined for his curfing of
David, and put to death for his perjury and breach
of confinement; 36 — 46.
NOW the days of David drew nigh
a that he fhould die ; and he charged
Solomon his fon, faying,
2 I go b the way of all the earth : c be
thou ftrong therefore, and fheW thyfelf
a man ;
3 And d keep the charge of the Lord
thy God, to walk in his ways, to keep his
ftatutes, and his commandments, and his
judgments, and his teftimonies, as it is
written in the law of Mofes, that thou
mayeft profper in all that thou doft, and
whitherfoever thou turneft thyfelf:
. 4 That the Lord may e continue his
word which he fpake concerning me,

|-2Sam. in. 5,6. Sc
- ~i.Sc it.

3. 17. <
iczo, :

• <4,15'

faying, If thy children take heed to their
way, to walk before me in truth with all
their heart, and with all their foul, there
fhall not fail thee (faid he) a man on the
throne of Ifrael. .
, 5 Moreover, thovLknoweft alfo f what
Joab the fon of Zeruiah did to me, and
what he did to the two captains of the
hofts of Ifrael, unto Abner the fon of Ner,
and unto Amafa the fon of Jether, whom
he flew, and fhed the blood of war in

irfed-for averting it. And they who know God's will fhould be
zealous for the accomplifhment of it. — While kings are often
kept ignorant of things nearly concerning their kingdom and in-
tereft, ufurpers will ftick at no cruelty to fix themfelves on a
throne. But, if the enemies of God's people be alert and vigour-
ous, their friends ought to be active and vigilant: and fuch as are
weak, through infirmity, fhould be ftirred up and encouraged.
Our oaths fliould be ever remembered, and our confciences bound
to fulfil them. Hearts truly grateful never forget God's mercies,
nor allow themfelves to negledt opportunities of thankfully men
tioning them. And it is extremely pleafant when aged faints take
every opportunity of witnefEng for God. What is right and fea-

peace, and put the blood of war upon his
girdle that was about his loins, and in
his fhoes that were on his feet.
6 Do therefore * according to thy wif
dom, and let not his hoar head go down
to the grave in peace.
7 But hfhew kindnefs unto the fons
of Barzillai the Gilead ite, and let them be
of thofe that eat at thy table : for fo they
came to me when I fled becaufe of Abfa
lom thy brother.
8 And, behold, ' thou hafl with thee
•Shimei the fon of Gera, a Benjamite
of Bahurim, who curfed me with a
* grievous curfe in the day when I went
to Mahanaim: kbut he came down to
meet me at Jordan, and I fware to him
by the Lord,, faying, I will not put thee
to death with the fword.
9 Now therefore 1 hold him not guilt -
lefs : for thou art a m wife man, and
knoweft what thou oughteft to do unto
him ; but his hoar head bring thou down
to the grave with blood.
10 % So "David flept with his fathers,
and was buried in the city of David.
1 1 And ° the days that David reigned
over Ifrael were forty years : feven years
reigned he in Hebron, and thirty and
three years reigned he in Jerufalem,
12 ^[ p Then fat Solomon upon the
throne of David his father ; and his king
dom was eftabliflied greatly.
13 ^ And q Adonijah the fon of Hag-
gith came to Bath-fheba the mother of
Solomon. And fhe faid, Comeft thou
r peaceably ? And he faid, Peaceably.
14 He faid moreover, I have fome
what to fay unto thee. And flie faid,
Say on.

Before Chrift
1015.

g Wet. 9, ch. 3. 12.
Prov. 20. 26. Eccl.
8.11,13.11.65,20.

h 2 Sam. 19. 37, 38;
32. Sc 9, 10. Sc 17.
28, 29. Luke 22.
28—30. Pror. 27,

i 2 Sam. 16. 5— %.
rer. 36 — 40.

* Heb. ftrong.
k 2 Sam. 19. 16 — 2&
with Heb. 6. 16.
Jer. 4. 2.

1 Exod. 20. 7. Sc it.
28. Job 9. 28.
2 Sam. 19. 23.
m Ver. 6. ch. 3. 12.

n ch. 1'. 21. Acts z;
29. & 13. ?6. Scz.
zc). 2 Sain. 5. 7.
1 Chr. 29. 28.
©25am.5.4.&2.lt. I Chr. 29.26— 3X
&-3. 4.

pCh.J.46. 2Sam.7«
12, 13. Pf. 132. 12.
I Chr. 29. 23— 2J.

qCh.I.S-II, SI—
S3-

I Sam, 16. 4. 2 Kin.
7. 17, 18, 22.

fonable fhould be done without delay : and that is moft likely to
profper which is begun with dependance on God, and fervent
prayer for his blefling. It is affection, not force, that can make
dutiful fubjecSts: and to leave church and ftate in a profperous con
dition is the joy of a dying faint. What difcouragement and dan
ger attend a bad caufe ! And bluftering traitors are often cowards
when matters come to a crifis. How becoming is it when kin»s
are ready to forgive thofe who have injured them. But much
more aftonifhing is the pardoning mercy of our Lord Jefus to the
guiltieft finners who flee to his atonement, and proftrate them
felves at his throne of grace. R rr 2

AJonijah reauefs Abifhag.

I. KING S.

Eefo^chrift I5 ^nd he faid, Thou knoweft 5 that
. ci..i.5,2S. j«.4*rthe kingdom was mine, and that all
Ifrael fet their faces on me, that I fhould

15. Luke 9. 53.
Prov. 21. 30. Dai

reign : howbeit the kingdom is turned
about, and is become my brother's : for
,c.chr'.22~,,o'.'& f ft was his from the Lord.
28.5.pf. .2.2. & x £ An(j nQW j ^ oae petltion 0f thee .
u^bficT\lsTst u deny me not. And fhe faid unto him,
M- Say on.
1 7 And he faid, Speak, I pray thee,
unto Solomon the king, (for he will not
*w8&34\&a lay tnee nay») that ^e g^ve me "Abifhag
"¦ the Shunamiteto wife.
18 And Bath-fheba faid; r.Well, I will
ipeak for thee unto the king.
19 Bath-fheba therefore went unto
king Solomon, to fpeak unto him for
"prov.Vj!" Adonijah. And the king * rofe up to meet
her, and bowed himfelf unto her, and
fat down on his throne, and caufed a feat
to be fet for the king's mother; and fhe
,p*i4t?£.3V*»: *"at on his * right hand-
"" 20 Then fhe faid, I defire one fmall
petition of thee ; I pray thee fay me not
nay. And the king faid unto her, Afk
on, my mother, for I will not fay thee
nay. 21 And fhe faid, ' b Let Abifhag; the

yProv. 14. 15.&22
3. Mat. 10. 16.

z Exod. 19. 32
22. & 31.28.

grant it
b Ch. j. 2, 4. iwith
2 San
8. &

2 Sam. 3.7. Sc 12.
" "n6.ii.

Shunamite be given to Adonijah vthy
brother to wife.
22 And king Solomon anfwered and
faid unto his mother, And why doft thou
afk Abifhag the Shunamite for Adonijah ?
c 8S& ,6!.'2i&To ahk f°r him c -he kingdom alfo ; for he is
?^Vc,horlacoenctB's mine elder brother ; even for him, and for
iteS!*61'10 Abiathar the prieft, and for Joab the fon
of Zeruiah.
23 Then king Solomon fware by the
anuthj.17. isam. Lord, faving;, d God do fo to me, and
14. 44-a Sam. 3.9, * J O- ,,..,, r ,
l0'.,o.29Kin.'6li. more alfo, if Adonijah have not fpoken
this word againft his own life.
ech. 1.29. ver. 12. 24 Now therefore, e as the Lord
fCho &iVc&'f' liveth, who hath eftablifhed me, and ffet
*3- me on the throne of David my father,
gRxod.i.2i.isam. anci who hath - made me an houfe, as he
15. 20. zbam. 7. '
j2,,3,27.pr..27. promifed, Adonijah fhall be h put to death
HP10v.11.jo.Ecd. [{^^3 ,Jay,
25 And king Solomon fent by the hand
of Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada; and he
; fell upon him that he died.

j z Sam. I. IS- Sc 4
j2.Ju.dE- 8-20, 21
er 34,46.

Abiathar banifhed to Anathth
26 f And unto Abiathar the prieft faid ^frff"
the king, Get k thee to Anathoth, unto kCh.i.53.jo<h.»,;.
thine own fields; for thou art l worthy ui!Z\T%,m,
of death; but I will not at this time put 26<Sfi-
thee to death, becaiife thou m bareft the miSS:^J*-
ark of the Lord. God before David my
father, and "becaufe thou haft been nz^£,^,^M»-
affliaed in all wherein my father was \!^'-z^'h
afflided. 27 So Solomon thruft out Abiathar
from being prieft unto the Lord ; that
he might "fulfil the word of the Lord, '*?£&&.
which he fpake concerning the houfe of '3'35 ° h""i%'
Eli in - Shiloh. "ggfjffj^
28 - ^[ Then tidings came to Joab ;
for qJoab had turned after Adonijah, ''JsuJiiS. £'&«,.
though he turned not after Abfalom:
and Joab fled unto the tabernacle of the '»-*'¦ s*p»»'
Lord, and ' caught hold on the horns of
the altar.
29 And it was told king Solomon that
Joab was fled unto the tabernacle of the
Lord ; and, behold, he is by the altar :
then Solomon 5 fent Benaiah the fon of "?$•£?£*¦
Jehoiada, faying, Go fall upon him.
30 And Benaiah came to the tabernacle
of '..fhe Lord, and faid unto him, Thus
faith "the king, ,Come forth. And he faid,
Nay,, but I will die here. And Benaiah
brought;, the king word again, faying,
Thus faid Joab, and thus he anfwered me.
31 And the king faid unto hirm. Do
as he hath faid, and 'fall upon him, and ^.t^SSt
bury him; that thou mayeft take away n™4."^.'"34*"
the innocent blood, which Joab fhed,
from me and from the houfe of my father.
32 And the Lord fhall u return his u*i7sc*;0&.Vs'
blood upon his own head, who fell upon. j^.V^fa?.6'
"i 11 1 ver" 4***
xtwo men more righteous and better than Xj<i!Un.3.27.&2o.
he, and flew them with the fword, my ,0"
father David not knowing thereof; to wit,
Abner the fon of Ner, captain of the hoft
of Ifrael, and Amafa the fon of Jether,
captain of the hoft of Judah.
22 Their blood y fhall therefore return n*****-**}*
— ' —' 5. 27. r 1. 109, 6—
upon the head of Joab, and upon the ,9-
head of his feed for ever: but z upon xa!'rfo?.Tj,ic
David, and upon his feed, and upon his '%i.*Fl.\*!u.
houfe, and upon his throne, fhall there ^piiV^T'
be peace for ever from the Lord.

Shimei confined anX condemned*

CHAP. II.

¦ Shimei is flain.

Before Chrifl
1015.
a, Ver. zt, 46.

fcMit. 3. 1. Jofh. 15.
61.
«Pf. 109. 8. Num.
25. JI, 13. I Sam.
2. 35. I Chr. 6. 50.
& 24. 3. ver. 27.
But Ahiathar was
ftill called prieft.
Ch.4.4-

d2Sam, 16. 5—9.
ver. 8, 9.
» Prov, 20. 8, 26. &
21.3,

f;2Sam. 15. 13.
z Kin. 23. 6. Jehu
18,1.
g Jofh. z. 19. 2 Sam.
J. 16 Ezek. 18.13.
Wat. 27. 25.

fi.Ch. 20. 4, iKin.
20. t'-

it Sim. z-j.l.Sc
2J...I0.

RPiov.15r27.Luke 11. 15. ITim. 6.

34 So a Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada
went up,, and fell upon him, and flew
him- and he was buried in his own houfe
in. the b wildernefs.
2$ % And the king u put Benaiah the
fon of Jehoiada in his room over the hoft ;
and Zadok the prieft did the king put in
the room of Abiathar.
36 *j[ And the king fent and called for
i Shimei; and faid unto him, Build thee
an houfe in e Jerufalem, and dwell there,
and go not forth thence any whither.
37 For it fhall be, that, on the day
thou goeft out, and paffeft over the f brook
Kidron, thou fhalt know for certain that
thou fhalt furely die : s thy blood fhall be
upon thine own head.
38 And Shimei faid unto the king,
h The faying is good : as my lord the king
hath faid, fo will thy fervant do. And
Shimei dwelt in Jerufalem many days.
39 And it came to pafs, at the end of
three years, that two of the fervants of
Shimei ran away unto ' Achifh fon of
Maachah king of Gath : and they told
Shimei, faying, Behold, thy fervants be-
in Gath.
40 And Shimei fc arofe, and faddled
his afs, and went to Gath to Achifh to

feek his fervants : and Shimei went and
brought his fervants from Gath.
41 And it was told Solomon that Shi
mei had gone from Jerufalem to Gath,
and

Before Chrift
IOI2.

was come again.

42 And the king fent and called for
Shimei, and faid unto him, x Did I not lv«klt&"Z
make -thee to fwear by the Lord, and 'fif-**m-ia-
protefted unto thee, faying, Know for a
certain, on the day thou goeft out, and
walkeft abroad any whither, that thou
fhalt furely die ? and thou faidft unto me,
The word that I have heard is good.
43 Why then haft thou not kept m the m^££'*c%.
oath of the Lord, and the command
ment that I have charged thee with ?
44 The king faid moreover to Shimei,
n Thou knoweft all the wickednefs which n,°^lS---ont- *¦
thine heart is privy to, ° that thou didft "^.V6'5-9'
to David my father : therefore the Lord
fhall p return thy wickednefs upon thine
own head ;
45 And king Solomon fhall be q bleffed,
and the throne of David fhall be efta
blifhed before the Lord for ever.
46 So the king commanded Benaiah the
fon of Jehoiada ; who went out, and fell
upon him that he died. And the r kingdom
was eftablifhed in the hand of Solomon.

ver. 8,

p Ver. 33. Provvy.
22. Sc J. 31. 8c 13.
21,

q Num. 15. IT, 12.
Pf. 106. 30. Sc
Ixxii. II. 9. 6, 7. .
ver. 33..

r2Chr. s. r. ver, rz,
33,45. Prov. 25. J.
cc 29. 4.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — Happy are they who die in
the Lord, . encouraging their furvivors to their proper duty! But
none can be faithful to God without holy courage anfwerable to
their ftation. In the way of obedience to God's precepts we may
expect the fulfilment of his promifes. And all, efpecially magi
ftrates, ought to be careful in executing juftice upon offenders,
and difcharging the obligations of gratitude. Some, however
happy their lot, cannot reft till they ruin themfelves ; and the moft
dangerous defigns have often fair pretences. While fuch as mean
no ill themfelves are, by the craft of others, rendered inftruments
of ambition. Such therefore, who have the ear of princes, ought
carefully to confider their requefts, left they abufe their influence
to the hurt of their benefaftor. No ftation fhould protect crimi
nals from juftice. And often the awakening of their guilty con
feience, and puniftiment of their fins, meet them in a time and
manner which they never expeded. But, while kindnefs to God's
fuffering faints ought to be remembered even in criminals, nothing
muft fatisfy for murder but the blood of the guilty. Wicked men
entail a curfe on their pofterity ; and negligent magiftrates muft
bear the fin of thofe crimes which they are not duly careful to
avenge : for the due execution of juftice is the eftabliftiment of
their throne. Men ruin themfelves by finning againft their own
mercies. Our heart contains much wickednefsr to which only
God and our confeience are privy. And dreadful is the account
to which God will call men at laft 'for their perjury and other fins.
But in David I behold a lively figure of Jefus, God's chofen

one ; the man according to his own heart, born in Beth-lehem,
and who fulfils all his counfels., How amazing his fidelity, meek
nefs, humility, faith in God, love to him, zeal for his honour, and
devout intimacy with him ! Thrice — in his conception, at his bap-
tifm, and in his afcenfion — he was plentifully anointed with the
Holy Ghoft to his arduous and extenfive office. He--is the cove
nant head of all his fpiritual feed, the chofen people, kings and priefts
unto God. He is our fweet Pfalmift, who tunes our hearts and
indites our fongs of praife. He is our great Prophet and King,
who inftru&s, forms, and governs his church, the Ifrael of God.
Through debafement, labour, reproach, and temptations on every
fide — and all endured with holy courage, fteady regard to, his
Father's honour, full refignation to his Will, and firm confidence of
an happy iffue — he entered into his kingdom and glory. How
fkilful, prudent, kind, and righteous, is he in governing his fub-
jefts ! and how aftive in framing and fixing the worfhip of God,
preparing the temple above for his people, and them for, it ! All his
faithful foldiers are fuch as, convinced of their fpiritual guiltinefs,
pollution, poverty, and debt, have been obliged to enlift in his fer
vice. His mighties, prophets', apoftles, evangelifts, paftors, and
teachers, by the whole armour of God, particularly the fword ofthe
Spirit, do marvellous exploits. He himfelf defeated the lions, the
bears, the giants of hell. He fulfilled the law, deftroyed death and
the grave : and by the gofpel he conquers the nations to the obe
dience of faith, and puts his chofen people in the full poffeffion of
their promifed- bleffings.

Solomon's marriage and vifion.

I. KING S. Solomon requefts and <%d grants wifdom.

Before Chrid
1015.

CHAP. III.
Here is an account (1) Of Solomon's marriage with
Pharaoh's daughter, and of the flate of religion in
the beginning of his reign ; I — 4. (2) Of God's
appearance to him at Gibeon ; his petition for wif
dom as the principal thing ; and God's grant of it,
attended voith riches and honour; 5 — 15. (3) A
remarkable difplay of his ivifdom, in deciding con
cerning the two harlots' right to the living child ;
16—28. '-'
AND a Solomon made affinity with
Pharaoh king of Egypt, and took
Pharaoh's daughter, and brought her into
..5.7. 1 chr. b t^g cjty 0f David, until he had made
cch.7. 1.&6. 37. an end of c building his own houfe, and
the houfe of the Lord, and the wall of
Jerufalem round about.
d'£:lkin*,*,1sc 2 % d Only the people facrihced in high
<&.%%&&& places, becaufe there c was no houfe built
e i^itT* s I\ unto the name of the Lord, until thofe
3.pi;-6.i: ' ' days

»Ch. 7:8. Jolh. 2. I
— 14. Ruth 4, 10.

b 2 Sam.
11. 7

3 And Solomon f loved the Lord,

fGal.6. 5. Deut. 30.
d: Sc to. 12. Mat.
tt:i&JcorRs™4. walking in g the ftatutes of David his
father : only he facrificed and burnt in-

^c'hV.'S V9.h cenfe in high places
* Ichr-'i-'j-Tchr. 4 -And tne king went to h Gibeon to
s6.i9.sczi.zg., facr[nce there ; for that was the "great
l%%%lftrfo. high place:, ' a thoufand burnt offerings
did Solomon offer upon that altar.
5 ^f In Gibeon the Lord appeared to
*' Solomon k in a dream by night : and

22—24. Luke 7.
47-

11. Num. 12. 6-
Job 33. 14, 15.
I Mat. 7.7. John 16.
23. & 15- 7- lam-
1. 5,6. ijohn 5.14.

Before ChriA
1015.

God faid, l Afk what I fhall give thee.
6 And Solomon faid, Thou haft fhewed
mNum.,2.7.pr.78. unto mthy fervant David my father great.
"¦' mercy, " according as .he walked before
*rKin8't^I4c'r,r. thee in truth, and in righteoufnefs, and
Visam.7.12. in uprightnefs of heart with thee; and
thou haft kept for him this great kind
nefs, that thou haft given him a fon to
fit on his throne, as /'/ is this day.
cVfftl^l 7 And now, O Lord my God, "thou
,'ci,'r 22.10.& haft made thv fervant king inftead of
at. >. Scscj. 23. _ J O
r, chr. 29 i.jer 1. David my father : and I am but a p little
^,4.a' 5 ' 'child: I know not how to ** go out or
'T.;2.i]o£°*.',*;comein.. 4'9', , 8 And thy fervant is in the midft of
C t>.0'l. 19. 5i c. J
tfliM* thy people which thou haft chofen, a

19.5,6
Deut. 7. 6—8,
T4. 2. U 26. ; - s great people, that cannot be numbered

s Oen. 15. 5. & 22. .
£-,,,ci\r,*I'5' nor counted for multitude
& 27. 23, 24.
t 2Chr. 1. 10. Jam,
T. e. Sc 3. 17. Pf.

9 ' Give therefore thy fervant an un-
h'fi'iili^ derftanding heart to judge thy people,

that I may u difcern between good and
bad: for who is able to judge this thy fo uHeh.M4.2san..
1 5 JO - . tA.t-j. Eccl. 8. 5.
great a people r . Mai. 3. i«.jer.,{.
O A J ' - ¦ ' 19, Letr. 10. 10. It.
10 And the fpeech pleafed the Lord, ;6;!&£$.c<"'•1•
that Solomon had afked this thing. ^
1 1 And God, faid unto him, Becaufe
thou haft afked this thing, and haft not
afked xfor thyfelf - long life; neither haft "ViitizT^
afked riches for thyfelf, nor haft afked yHei,.,™,,^,.
1 s-r r 1 ¦ • 1 inni v« ¦ H. Piw. i6.
the life of thine enemies ; but haft afked »••
for thyfelf underftanding to difcern judg
ment; 1 2 Behold, I have done according to
thy * words : lo, I have given thee a wife *%?&&&
and an underftanding heart ; fo that there ^;° 's-SmI4^.
O - If. 11. 2— 4. Joha
was none like thee before thee, neither. m*s- «>•<-*>
after thee fhall any arife like unto thee.
13 And I have alfo a given thee that *!.c£-<£.j*,>!£
which thou haft not afked, both riches ^.f-tH
and honour : fo that there fhall not be
any among the kings like unto thee all
thy days.
14 And b if thou wilt walk in my ways, hz^:li\snzCYz.
to keep my ftatutes and my command-' ^Ifc?.'™*'*
1 r 1 " -r>v ¦ 1 t 1 11 Dellt- S- ™- pf-
ments, as thy father David did walk, ^Tim^X3-'6*
then I will lengthen thy days.
1 5 And Solomon c awoke ; and, behold, eGX)S. li. 26? "
it was a dream. And he came to Jerufa
lem, and ftood d before the ark of the dfst.4|.',37'. w.
covenant of the Lord, and offered up
burnt offerings, and offered peace offer
ings, and made e a feaft to all his fer~ ^s^VVL
° . Efth. 1. 3.
vants. 16 f f Then came there two women""-1*'18'
that were g harlots unto the king, and ^.K5..'7'
ftood before him.
17 And the one woman faid, h O my hri°ln'7?5,
lord, I and this woman dwell in one
houfe, and I was delivered of a child with
her in the houfe.
1 8 And it came to pafs the third day,
after that I was delivered, that this wo
man was delivered alfo : and we were
together; there was no ftranger with us
in the houfe fave we two in the houfe.
19 And this woman's child died in
the night, becaufe flie overlaid it.
20 And fhe arofe at ' midnight, and ' $^3- m.17*
took my fon from befide me while thine
handmaid flept, and laid it in her bo-

Solomon judges the caufe ofthe harlots. CHAP. III. IV. His principal officers and purveyors*

Before Chrift
I015. \

ic Gen, 21. 7. 1 Sam.
I, 23. Lain. 4. 3.
I Tim- $¦ 14. If.
49- y.

fom, and laid her dead child in my
bofom, 21 And when I arofe in the morning,
kto give my child fuck, behold, it was
dead: but, when I had contidered it in
the morning, behold, it was not my fon
which I did bear.
22 And the other woman faid, Nay,
but the living is my fon, and the dead is
thy fon. And this faid, No, but the
dead is thy fon, andthe living is my fon.
Thus they fpake before the king.
23 Then faid the king, The one faith,
This is my fon that liveth, and thy fon
is the dead: and the other faith, Nay,
but thy fon is the dead, and my fon is

the living.

I Prov. 25. J.

tn Web, were het.
Cen. 43. 38. Jer.
31.20. If. 49.15.
Hoi. h. 8.

n Phil. 2. 20. Her
affection to him
fhewed it,. '

oDeut, r3.u,&2i.
21. & 17.13. Rom.
13.3,4. Eccl. 7.
Jo.
b If. 11. 3. Deut. 1
sd. 2 Sam. 8. 15.
Jer. 21. 12.

Bring me a

24 And the king faid,
fword. And they brought a fword be
fore the king.
25 And the king faid, 'Divide the

living child

in two, and give half to the

one and half to the other
26 Then fpake the woman whofe the
living child was unto the king, for her
bowels m yearned upon her fon; and fhe
faid, O my lord, give her the living child,
and in no wife flay it. But the other faid,
Let it be neither mine nor thine, but di
vide it.
27 Then the king anfwered and
faid, Give her the living child, and in
no wife flay it : fhe is n the mother there
of. 28 And all Ifrael heard of the judg
ment which the king had judged ; and
they "feared the king: for they faw that
the p wifdom of God was in him to do
judgment.

CHAP. IV.
Still the Lord adds riches and honour to the wifdom of
Solomon. We have here (i) The magnificence of
his court ; comprehending his minifters of fate,
I — -6 ; his purveyors of provifion from different parts
of his dominions, 7 — 1 9 ; and their office, 2 J, 28 ;
the kinds and quantity of provifion made for his table ;
22,23. (2) The extent of his dominion; 21, 24.
( 3 ) The number, eafe, and peace, of his fubjecls ;
20 — 25. (4) The multitude of his horfes and ft a-
bles; 26. (5) The difcoveries he 7nack~-ef his wif
dom in philofophy, poetry, &c. ; and fame an account
of it; 29 — 3L

Before Chrift
1014.

O king Solomon was king over

,. 11 a 2 Sam. 5. 5. 1 Tiin.
all 6. 15. Mat. 28. d.

kJ Ifrael
2 And thefe were the b princes which
he had; Azariah the fon of Zadok "' the * °'th' *"?*«•
prieft ;
3 Elihoreph and Ahiah, the fons of
cShifha, tfcribes; Jehofhaphat, the fon
of Ahilud, the d recorder :
4 And e Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada f °^"-"-
was over the hoft: and l Z,adok and Abia- ^sam.8.i6.&»„
thar were the priefts: e»sam.8.i8.ch.a.
5 And Azariah the fon of Nathan was f^i'.jVll
ever the officers: and Zabud the fon gof %&¦£ g; JJ-
Nathan was principal officer, and the g *Sarm; i7: io^"
king's h friend :
6 And Ahifhar was over the houfehold
and ' Adoniram the fon of Abda was over iCh- '•'¦*•
the ¦ tribute. * °' '''¦'-•
7 5[ And Solomon had twelve officers
over all Ifrael, which provided victuals.
for the king and his houfehold : each man,
his month in a year made provifion.
8 And thefe are their names: U The l|0rS«"-to-
fon of Hur in k mount Ephraim : k[fu,lc%:udi'
9 * The fon of Dekar in Makaz, and * °r *-"-**"¦•
in'Shaalbim, and Beth-fhemefh, and wi..*^
Elonbeth-hanan : t orB«-i.>».
10 + The fon of Hefed in m Aruboth ; mS^y***

bExod.t8.il. I C»r.

c Sheva, or Shamfha-,
2S.;in. 8. 16. &z£-.
24, %S- 1 Ckr. iS.

. 10 — 40.
h a Sam. 15. 37.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — Happy are the children who
walk in the fteps of their pious parents ; and highly honoured are
they to whofe unfeigned faith and love God himfelf bears witnefs.
How infinitely bountiful is God ! — he even encourages us to afk
his favours ! and fuch as wait upon him in prayer and praife will
find him fpeedy in his returns of blefEng. Happy are they whofe
devout turn of mind, when awake, tinctures their very dreams with
ferious devotion. Godly children will always pay great regard
to their parents' memory. None are fo fenfible of their own in
efficiency as they who ferioufly ponder the weight of public offi
ces : and hopeful is their adminiftration who earneftly afk wifdom
and direaion from God. The difinterefted prayer of faith is
always acceptable to God : and, when we feek firft the kingdom
6

of God, all things fliall be added to us. He will give us exceed
ing abundantly above what we can afk or think: and quickly he
gives opportunity for the exercife of the gifts which he beftows.
How helplefs and perilous is our infantile ftate ! by the moft mar
vellous providence we efcape the dangers of it. How tender is
the affection of a mother's breaft: and monfters of brutality muft
they be who can neglect or deftroy the fruit of their own womb.
Magiftrates, before whom fuch difficult caufes come, have "great
neechof their fubjedts' fervent prayers, and of God's fpecial direc
tion. And the greater abilities men have, they are tne more in
debted to God who beftowed them. But alas! oftentimes the
fear of detection and punifhment from men is a greater reftraint.
upon evil doers than all the terrors of God's everlafting wrath.

Solomon's fubjecls, and daily provifion. I. KINGS.

His horfes, and difplay tf wifdom.

Before Chiilt
1014.

f Or Ben-abinadab.
a Jofh. 12. 23. Sc 17.
11. Jutlg. i. 27.

& Jofh. 17. 11. Judg.
5. 19. Sc 7. 22.
p Jofh. 3. 16. ch. 7.
46. Sc 18. 46. '
q I Sam. 31. 10.
J Kin. 19. 16.

t Or Btn-geber.
r Ch. 22.3. fee Num.
32.41. Deut. 3. 4,
Jofh', zi. 38.

-3 'Or teMnhannhn.
Gen. 32. 1. 2 Sam.
2. 8.'« 17. 24,
t Jolh. ig. 32-^-39.
-ttVer, 11, j Sam. 18.
18.

x Jofh. 19. 14-^31.
y Jofh, 19. 17—23.
z Jofh. 18. 21—28.

Uum. 32. 33—38.
Deut. 3. IZ--17.
Jofh. 13. 9—12.

-fc Gen. 12. 2. Sc 13.
16. & 15.5. Sc 22.
J7-
c I Chr. 12. 39. Job
I. 18. If. 22. 13.
1 Sam. 30. 16.
-Rosn. 14. 17.
42Chr.9.z6.Pf.7Z. 8. Ccn. 15. 18.
Ex«d. 23. 31.
Deut. 11. 24. Jofh.
1.4.
elKin. 17. 3. 2 Chr.
17.5. Be 32. 23. PI".
71. 10.

KHch. ters.i.c. near
59,000 pound
-weight of mea!,
-which might icrve
*o,coo.meft.

to hirh pertained Sochoh and all the land
of Hepher :
ii"1' The fon of Abinadab in all the
region of n Dor ; who had Taphath the
daughter of Solomon to wife :
12 Baana the fon of Ahilud; to him
pertained ° Taanach and Megiddo, and all
Beth-fhean which is by p Zartanah be
neath Jezreel, from q Beth-fhean to Abel-
meholah, even unto the place that is be
yond Jokneam :
t2 * The fon of Geber in r Ramoth-
gilead; to him pertained the towns of Jair
the fon of Manaffeh which are in Gilead ;
to him alfo pertained the. region of Argob
which is in Bafhan, threefcore great cities
with walls and brazen bars :
1.4 Ahinadab the fon of Iddo had* Ma
hanaim :
, I 5 Ahimaaz was in l Naphtali ; he
u alfo took Bafmath the.daughter of Solo
mon to wife :
1 6 Baanah the fon of Hufhai was in
1 Afher and in Aloth:
¦1.7 Jehofhaphat the fon of Paruah in
¦- Iflachar :
1 8 Shimei the fon of Elah in ' Ben
jamin :
19 Geber the fon of Uri was in the
a country of Gilead, in the country of
Sihon king of the Amorites and of Og
king of Bafhan ; and he was the only of
ficer which was in the land.
20 ^[ Judah and Ifrael b were many,
as the fand which is by the fea in multi
tude, c eating and drinking, and making
merry. 2 1 And d Solomon reigned over all king:-
doms, from the river unto the land of the
Philiftines, and unto the border of Egypt :
they c brought prefents, and ferved So
lomon all the days of his life.
22 ^[ And Solomon's provifion for one
day was thirty " meafures of fine flour j
and threefcore meafures of meal,
23 Ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out
of the paftures, and an hundred fheep,

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — Great men fhould appear
great, anfwerably to their ftations. And it is often prudent for
kings to continue moft of their predeceflor's officers in their re-
8

befides hafts, and roebucks, and fallow
deer, and fatted fowl.
24 For he had dominion over all the
region on this fide the riwer, from Tiphfah
even f to Azzah-, over all the kings on this
fide the river: and he had peace on all
fides round about him.
25 And Judah and Ifrael dwelt * fafely,
every man under his vine and under his
fig tree, h from Dan even to Beer-fheba,
all fhe days of Solomon.
26 % And 'Solomon had forty thou
fand flails of horfes for his chariots, and
twelve thoufand horfemen.
27 And thofe officers provided victual
for king Solomon, and for all that came
unto king Solomon's table, every man in
his month : they lacked nothing.
28 Barley alfo and ftraw for the horfes
and k dromedaries brought they unto the
place where the officers were, every man
according to his charge.
29 '^f And ' God gave Solomon wifdom
and underftanding exceeding much, and
largenefs of heart, even as the fand that
is on the fea fhore.
30 And Solomon's wifdom excelled
the wifdom of all the children of m the
eaft country, and - all the wifdom n of
3 1 For he was ° wifer than all men ;
than p Ethan the Ezrahite, and Hernan,
and Chalcol, and Darda, the fons of
Mahol : and his fame was in all nations
round about.
32 And he * fpake three thoufand pro
verbs : and his fongs were a thoufand
and five.
22 And he fpake of trees, from the
cedar tree that is in Lebanon even unto
the hyflbp that fpringeth out of the wall :
he fpake alfo of beafts, and of fowl, and
of creeping things, and of fifties.
34 And there came r of all people to
hear the wifdom of Solomon, from all
kings of the earth which had heard of his
wifdom.

Before Chrift
1014.

fden. to. 19. Juita
»S. 1. treat, z. 13.

Z Heb. emfientlj.
Z Kin. 18.3 1. Mic,
4.4. Jer.23. 6. If.
60.18. Zech. 3.10.
h Judg. 20. 1, 2 Sim,
24. 2. Sc 17. 11.
ch. 8. 65.
i 2 Chr. 9. 1%. Sc 1,
14. ch. 10. 25, 26.
Deut. 17, 16.

Jc Ot mules, DTfiirifl
becsjli. Efth. 8. 10,
14, Mic. 1. 13.

I Jam. 1. 5, 17. ch. 3.
10, 28. 2 Cor. 6. II
-T13. Pf. no. 32.
John 3. 34. Sc 5.
20. Col. 2. 3.

m Job iv— -xxxvii.
Mat. 2. 1. Dan. 4.
7. & 5. 11,12.
a Afla 7. 22. If. 19.
II) 12.

oCh. 3.TZ.C0L2. ;,
John 3. 34.
pPf.l\XXlX .IjOCX'viii, '
title. 1 Chr. 15.17,
19. Scz.ii.

qEcel. 12.9. Prov.l
I. Song i.j.

t Ver. 11, 31. ch. 10.
I — 8, 24. 2 Chr. 9.
22, 23. If. 50, IS.
& SS- 5.

fpeclive places. But it is neceiTary for all men to provide for their
houfehold in the manner that is beft for their own and the nation*^
advantage. God wifely balances men's honour and wealth with

Solomon's agreement with Hiram.

CHAP. V.

Solomon and Htf-ams preparations.

Before ChriR
1014.

*2Sam. 5. it. 5c re.
I, 2. Sc 8. 10. If.
50. I.

blChr. 14. 1. 2 Sam.
5. 11. Amos I. 9.

ClChr. 2. 3.

4 2 Sam. 7. 5— Ji.
I Chr. 22. 8. Sc
28.3.

e Jofh". 10. 24. Pf. 8.
6. Sc no. 1. Mal.
4. 3. Eph. I. 22.
1 1 Chr. 22. 9, 18.
Mat. II. 28 — 30.
Att6 9. 31. 2 Chr.
X. I.

frte'.faj.g 2 Sam. 7. 12, 13.
I Chr. 22. 10. &
28. 6, 20, 21. Mat.
ti. 18.

k Pf. 29. 5. Sc 92. 12.
Song 5. 15. ch, 6.
9, 10, i6, 20.
i Rom. ia. 17. Phil.
4-S.

f Hei.ftf.

l1.Er.ra3. 7,Gen. 10.
*5-

CHAP. V.
It had been promifed that Solomon Jhould build a temple
for God. He had received wifdom and ivealth to fit
him for it. David- hi$ father had. left him gold, fil
ver, brafs, and iron, in abundance : now wood and
ftones muft be had. Here, ( I ) Upon Hiram king
of Tyre's congratulation of his acceffion to the throne,
Solomon informs him of his defign to build a temple,
and requeft s fome of his moft fkilful artificers; — to
which Hiram agrees; 1 — 9. (2) Hiram's fer
vants being well paid, they, with thirty thoufand
Ifraelites, and an hundred and fifty-three thoufand
and fix hundred Gentile flaves, proceed with the ut-
.moft diligence and dexterity in the work; 10—18.
ND a Hiram king of Tyre fent his
fervants unto Solomon; for he had
heard that they had anointed him king in
the room of his father : for Hiram b was
ever a lover of David.
2 And c Solomon fent to Hiram, fay
ing* 3 Thou knoweft how that David my
father d could not build an houfe unto
the name of the Lord his God, for the
wars which were about him on every fide,
until the Lord e put them under the foles
of his feet.
4 But now the Lord my God fhath
given me reft on every fide, fo that there
is neither adverfary nor evil occurrent.
5 And, behold, I * purpofe s to build
an houfe unto the name ofthe Lord my
God, as the Lord fpake unto David my
father, faying, Thy fon, whom I will
fet upon thy throne in thy room, he
fhall build an houfe unto my name.
6 Now therefore command thou that
they hew me h cedar trees out of Leba
non; and my fervants fhall be with thy
fervants; and unto thee will T give hire
for thy fervants according to all that
thou fhalt + appoint : for thou knoweft
that there is not among us any that can
fkill to hew timber like unto the k Sido
nians. 7 % And it came to pafs, when Hi
ram heard the words of Solomon, that

proportionate burdens of expenfe and care. He can give great
happinefs on earth: but infinitely greater is the happinefs of
Jefus' kingdom, which fills both heaven and earth; and unbounded
are his provifions of new covenant bleffings. How fovereign is
God in the beftowal of his gifts and grace ! But let us never envy
Vol. I.

he rejoiced greatly, and faid, ' Blefled
be the Lord this day, who hath given
unto David a wife fon over this great
people. 8 And Hiram fent to Solomon, fay
ing, I have ¦ confidered the things which
thou fenteft to me for ; and I will do all
thy defire concerning timber of cedar,
and concerning m timber of fir.
9 My fervants fliall bring them down
from "Lebanon unto the fea: and I will
convey them by fea in floats unto the
place that thou fhalt II appoint me, and
will caufe them to be difcharged thefe,
and thou fhalt receive them : and thou
fhalt accomplifh my defire in ° giv
food for my houfehold.
10 So Hiram gave Solomon cedar trees
and fir trees, according to all his defire.
1 1 And Solomon gave Hiram twenty
thoufand p meafures of wheat for food
to his houfehold, and * twenty meafures
of pure oil : thus gave Solomon to Hiram
year by year.
12 And the Lord q gave Solomon
wifdom, as he promifed him : and there
was peace between Hiram and Solomon ;
and they two ' made a league together.
13 % And king Solomon raited ;a levy
out of all Ifrael ; and the levy was s thirty
thoufand men.
14 And he fent them to Lebanon, ten
thoufand a month by courfes : a month
they were in Lebanon, and two months
at home. And ' Adoniram was over the
levy. 15 And Solomon had threefcore and
" ten thoufand that bare burdens, and
fourfcore thoufand hewers in the moun
tains :
1 6 Befide the chief of Solomon's of
ficers which were over the work, * three
thoufand and three hundred, which ruled
over the people that wrought in the
work.

Before Chrift
1014.
ICh. 10.9. 2 "Chr. 2.
10. Deut, 32. 3T.
2 Kin. 5. 16. Pf.
58. ii. Dan. 3. aSfc

% Heb. heard.

m Ch. 6. 15, 34.
2?.im. 6. 5.2Cl,r.
3- 5-
n Deut. 3. 25. Judg.
3.3. Jufh. II. 17.

HHeb. fend.

0 I Tim. 5. S. Adls
12. 20. Ezra 3. 7.
Ezek. 27. 17.

p Heb. art. 2 Chr.
2. 10. (. e. aboat
42,500 bolls.
* About 1560 gal
lons, wine mea--
lure.

qCh.4.29. Scz.tii
z Chr. 1. 12. 1

r Ch. 15. 19. Gen.
21. 32. Amos j. og

s Ch. 9. K.

t Ch. a. t,

1 3 Chr. 2. 2, 17, it.
ch. 9. 2u — 12.

1 2 Chr. 1. 1. ch. jjf
aj-

fuch as outfhine us. It is the Lord; let him give as feemeth him
good! If we lack wifdom, let us afk it of God; and out of Jefus'
fulnefs, in whom are hid all the treafures of wifdom and know
ledge, let us receive, and grace for grace.
Sff

tfhc temple is begtfn to be built.

I. KINGS.

God encourages him.

Before Chrift
IOI2.

z Or Gihitites ; as
Ezek. 27. 9. Pf.
83. 8.

1 7 And the king commanded, and
ych.7.9.&6.7. they y brought great ftones, coftly ftones,
¦ i Pet.'I:7."i "28. and hewed ftones, to lay the foundation
J6. Rev. 21.14,27. ^
of the houfe.
18 And Solomon's builders and Hi
ram's builders did hew them, and the
z ftone fquarers : fo they prepared timber
and ftones to build the houfe.
CHAP VI.
After an almoft infinity of preparations, the temple is
built. We have here ( I ) The time when the build
ing was begun, and when finifhed; 1, 37, 3^-
(2) The encouraging meffage from God to Solomon
while he was building it ; 11,14. (3) The dimen-
fions of it, and filence in building it ; 2, 3, 7 .
(4) The principal parts of it : the windows, 4 ;
chambers, 5 — 10; walls and flooring, 14 — 18;
holy of holies, 19 — 22; cherubims, 23 — 30 ; doors,
31 — 35; and inner court, 36.
AND a it came to pafs, in the four
hundred and eightieth year after
the children of Ifrael were come out of
the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of
Solomon's reign over Ifrael, k in the
month Zif, which is the fecond month *,
that he began to build the houfe of the
Lord. 2 And the houfe which king Solomon
built for the Lord, the length thereof
was c threefcore cubits, and the breadth
thereof twenty cubits, and the height
thereof thirty cubits.
3 And the d porch before the temple
of the houfe, twenty cubits was the length
thereof, according to the breadth of the
houfe ; and ten cubits was the breadth
thereof before the houfe.
4 And for the houfe he made c win
dows of narrow lights.
5 *j[ And againft the wall of the houfe
he built f chambers round about, againfl
the walls of the houfe round about, both

JOII.
a 2 Chr. 3. 1. A£ls7.
47. with John 2.
£.1. Col. 2. 9.
j Cor. 6. 19. 1 Pet.
2. 5. Eph. 2. 20—
22.

fe Num. i. 1. with
Exod. 12., 2, 3.
* Ofthe facred year,
i. e. about the end
pf April,

c Ezra 6. 3. Ezek.
41. 8. Re-/. 21. 16,
17. Its length
was lC9i-li:Alf, its
breadth 36 i-half,
itsheight 54 s-Alhs
f-:et.
d Lu'/.e 1. to. John
10. 23. Afts 3. 10,

1 Or windows, bread
within and narrovs
without, or slewed
and ciafeii. Ezek.
40. 16. Sc 41. 16.
Song 2. 9. If. 60. 8.
John 2. 9. 1 Cor.
12.4.
fiChr.28. II. Neh.
10. 37. Ezek. 40.
44. &41.6. &42.
3. Song 1. 4.

of the temple and of the - oracle : and he
made chambers round about :
6 The nethermoft chamber was five
cubits broad, and the middle was fix
cubits broad, and the third was feven
cubits broad : for without in the wall of
the houfe he made + narrowed refts round
about, that the beams fhould not be faft-
ened in the walls ofthe houfe.
7 And the houfe, when it was in build
ing, was h built of fton.e made ready be
fore it was brought thither : fo that thefe
was neither ' hammer, nor ax, nor any
tool of iron, heard in the houfe while it
was in building.
8 The door for the middle chamber
was in the right + fide of the houfe : and
they k went up with winding flairs into
the middle chamber, and out ofthe middle
into the third.
9 So he built the houfe, and finifhed
it ; and covered the houfe " with beams
and boards of cedar.
10 And then he built ' chambers
againft all the houfe, five cubits high :
and they refted on the houfe with timber
of cedar.1 1 ^F And the word of the Lord came
to Solomon, faying,
12 Concerning this houfe which thou
art in building, m if thou wilt walk in my
ftatutes, and execute my judgments, and
keep all my commandments to walk in
them ; then will I perform my word with
thee, which 1 fpake unto David thy
father: 13 And I n will dwell among the chil
dren of Ifrael, and will not forfake my
people Ifrael.
1 4 % So Solomon built the houfe, and
finifhed it.

Before Chrift ¦
IOIO.
g Or Hcly tfhilie,.
Ver. 16, J9—23.
ch. 8. 6, 8f Num.
7. 89. Lev. 16.-2.
Exod. 30. 6. & 2J,

f Heb. narrcwinrt,or
rebatements. THefe
chambers might
denote particular
focieliesoflahiis.

h Ch. 5.18. Prov. it.
27. 1 Pet. 2. 5.
2 Cor. 5. 5. Col.

ilf. 4. 3. Eph. 4. 16,
3 ', 32. 1 Tim. 6.
3-5-

X Heb. fhmlier.
k Ezek. 41. 6, 7:
Noting progrefs-
in hoiinefs and
honours.

\\ Or tte vault hems
aid the ceilings
vs. th cedar 1.

1 Ezek. 41. 6.

m Ch. 2. 4. Sc 3. 14.
& 8. 25. 8c 9. 4, 5.
Pf. 132. 12. 2Sanr.
7. 13. 1 Chr. 22.
10. 2 Chr. 7. 17,
18. If. 3. 10. Rom.
2.7, 10. 1 Cor. 15.
58. Pf. 19. 11.

n Exod. 25. 8. Pf.
132. 13, 14. i-cv.
26.11. 2Cor.6.l6.
Rev. 21, 3.

1004.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Condolence with the afflicted
is truly kind : and faithful friends love the children for their pa
rents' fake. It is good for kings to cultivate peace with their
neip-hbours, efpecially fuch as fear God. The more outward reft
we have, the more earneftly we, fhould layout ourfelves in promot
ing the worlhip and honour of God: and, when we have God's
promife to encourage us, we need never doubt of our fuccefs.
They have often moft of natural ingenuity who have no real know
ledge of God. And frequently God employs thofe in building his
church who have no fpiritual intereft in her. But it is highly

honourable to affift in promoting her welfare. In all bargains,
the conditions ought to be clear, that after-difputes may be pre
vented. And labourers' wages fhould be always paid with the
greateft punctuality. When God hath a temple to build, he can
eafily provide workmen: and in his work every one ought to have
his particular allotment. But great is the mercy that thoufands
unnumbered of Gentile finners have been brought into the gofpel
church, and built up a fpiritual temple, a meet habitation of God,
through, the Spirit.

Before Chrift
IC04.

the fou e unto th,
wa% &c. and
ver. 16.

jzChr. ;.8.ver.i9>
7.0, Exod, 15. 21,

Solomon builds the temple,
1 5 And he built the walls of the houfe
,r:f within with boards of cedar, * both the
'io floor of the houfe and the walls of the
ceiling, and he covered them on the in-
fide with wood, and covered the floor of
the houfe with planks of fir.
1 6 And he ° built twenty cubits on the
fides of the houfe, both the floor and the
walls with boards of cedar : he even built
them for it within, even for the oracle,
pHeb;9.^Eao<h even for the p moft holy place.
£'%h!r<heli' 1 7 And the houfe, that is, the temple
bimswe^placed. before it, was forty cubits long.
18 And the cedar ofthe houfe within
was carved with ¦ knops and + open
flowers : all was cedar ; there was no
ftone feen.
1 9 ^[ And the oracle he. prepared in the
,4oCh2o';!2i7i:hx806 houfe within, to 1 fet there the ark of the
— 10. Hcb.9. 3,4. - . T
covenant of the: Lord.
20 And th©;oracle in the fore part was
twenty cubits in length, and twenty
cubits in breadth, and twenty cubits in
the height thereof: and he overlaid it
u-cb.M'f?- with I' pure gold; and yo covered the
' %l "?" 2'. Ixod'. r altar which was of cedar.
21 So s Solomon overlaid the houfe
within with pure gold : and he made a
partition by the l chains of gold before
the oracle ; and he overlaid it with gold.
22 And the whole houfe he overlaid
with gold, until he had finifhed all the
houfe : alfo the whole altar that was by
the oracle he overlaid with gold.
23 ff And within the oracle he made
u two cherubims of x olive tree, each ten
cubits high.
24 And five cubits was the one wing

CHAP. VI.

and what pertains to it.

f Or gzvrdi.
J Heb. opining of
flowers.

¦s 2, Chr. 3. 6 — w.
Rev. 21. 18. 41.

t iChr. ;. 14, t6.
Exod. 26. 33.

u a Chr. 3. to— ij.
Exod. 2.5. 18— ia,
Heb. 1. 14. Gen.
j. 24.
> Heb. tress of oil.
Exod. 25. 18. Neh,
rubims^preffn": of the cherub, and five cubits the other
ct aigdj and mi- 'rill/- 1 r\
iiill,:^Ir""^'g wing °- the cherub: from the uttermoft
ourretopfiol part of the one wing unto the uttermoft
part of the other were ten cubits.
25 And the other cherub was ten
cubits : both the cherubims were of one
meafure and one fize.
26 The height ofthe one cherub whi
ten cubits, and fo was it of the other
cherub.

Before Chrift
1004.
y Or l/tr hiriihi".
J.'nlc'.id anli i!>
wingt. txiid. z
20, 22. zClit. 7
II. Pf. 17. 8. A
31, 20. Sc 91. 1.

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Chap. VI. Ver. 37, 38. Never was fuch a mag
nificent ftrufturc on earth as this temple of Solomon. God himfelf had given the

27 And he fet the cherubims within
the inner houfe : and - they ftretched
forth the wings ofthe cherubims, fothat
the wing of the one touched the one
wall, and the wing of the other cherub
touched the other wall ; and their wings
touched one another in the midft of the
houfe. 28 And he overlaid the cherubims with
gold. 29 And he carved all the walls of the
houfe round about with carved z figures
of cherubims and palm trees and a open
flowers, within and without.
30 And the b floor of the houfe he
overlaid with gold, within and with
out. 3 1 ^[ And for the e entering of the
oracle he made doors of olive tree : the
lintel and fide pofts were d a fifth part of
the wall.
32 The U two doors alfo were of olive
tree ; and he carved upon them carvings
of cherubims and palm trees and '" open
flowers, and overlaid them with gold, and
fpread gold upon the cherubims and upon
the palm trees.
22 So alfo made he for the door of the
temple pofts of olive tree, + a fourth part
ofthe wall.
34 And the two doors were of e fir
tree : the f two leaves of the -one door
were folding, and the two leaves of the
other door were folding.
35 And he carved thereon cherubims
and palm trees and open flowers ; and
covered them with gold fitted upon the
carved work.
36 ^[ And he built the inner s court
with three rows of hewed ftone and a
row of cedar beams.
2J % In h the fourth year was the
foundation of the houfe of the Lord
laid, in the month Zif:
3'8 And in the eleventh year, in the
month Bui, which is the eighth month,
was the houfe 'finifhed + throughout all t°t w-,ti, m ,t„ at.
I - ri 1* 11 purtenanesthcrto\
the parts thereof, and according to all ««<«'* f'*"'^

z Heb. 1. T4. -Pf. U.
7. Luke 2. 14. IT.
i)z. 13—15-
3 Heb. opening of
flcit-ers, Ver. J 3,

b Rev. zi. 18, 21.

c John to. 7,0. 6c 14.
6. Jf.4. z. & 11. 1.
Heb. 10, 19, 1-3.
Eph. 2. 18. & 3«-

d Or jJw- 'quart.
Ver. 16', 22, 2;.
Ezek. 41. 2j, 14,
II Or l< lives ef the
door*.

* Heb. opening of
flowers.

f Or fiur-fquare*
c Ch. 5. 8,
f Ezek. 41. £3.

3 Of thc n
z Chr. 4.

h Ver. x.
ion.

1004.
About the end oi
Oflobet.
i Zech. 4 7, 9. Lukf
14. zM.

plan of it to David; i Chron. xxviii. 19. David and his princes prepared, for the
erection of it, about 46,000 ton weight of gold and filver j amounting, in all, to about
Sff2

Solomon builds palaces

I. KINGS,

Before Chriit
IC04.
U And an hall.

the fafhion of it. So was he feven "years

ia building it

CHAP. VIL
Here we have ( 1 ) Solomon fitting upflately houfes for
his family and court ; I — 12. (2) Furnifhing the
temple of God with 1 Two brazen pillars to orna
ment the porch, 13 — 22 : * A brazen fea, or large
laver, fupported by twelve brazen oxen, 23—^26 :
3 Ten laver s of brafs, fupported by ten bafes, 27 — '
39 : * With pots, Jhovels, and bafons, for the fervice
ofthe altar of burnt-offering ; — ornamental pomegra
nates, bowls, net work, all of brafs; 40 — 47. s The
altar of incenfe, ten tables of Jl)ew-bread, and ten
candlefticks, with their refpecJive utenfih; and hinges
for doors, all of pure gold; 48 — 51. (3) Enrich
ing the temple, by depofiting in it the dedicated trea-
fures which had not been ufed in building it; 57.
* UT Solomon was building * his own
houfe b thirteen years, and he finifhed
all his houfe.
2 f He built alfo the houfe of the
foreft of Lebanon; the length thereof
was an hundred cubits, and the breadth
thereof fifty cubits, and the height thereof
thirty cubits, upon four rows of cedar
pillars, with cedar beams upon the pillars.
3 And it was covered with cedar above
*Heb.r;fc. upon the "beams, that lay on forty-five
pillars, fifteen in a row.
4 And there were windows in three
i neb. ftthtetgainji rows, and "- light was againft light in
Hhu three ranks*

bch.9.10. &10. 17,
Mat. 6. 33. Col.
3. J.

991.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — How little God regards pomp
in his worfhip, who wanted a temple fo long in his holy nation ! But,
when he calls for our fubftance, we ought cheerfully to give in
proportion to our greatnefs and wealth. What we do in God's
church fhould be done diligently, orderly, and peaceably. But a
hearty obedience to his law is more valuable than the moft expen
five donations to his church. They, who go forth with a defire to
his glory, may confidently expeSt fome tokens of his approbation.

for himfelf
5 And all the * doors and pofts were Kt%\^iR
fquare, with the windows : and light was ^iJ^sl^Z
againft light in three ranks. ;$*-*•/»
6 % And he made a porch of pillars ;
the length thereof was fifty cubits, and
the breadth thereof thirty cubits : and the
porch was " before them : and the other a0t"arJi"e'"'"».
pillars and the thick beam were * before *?'«»•**» r»««.
them. 990.
7 % Then he made a porch for cthe cch.,o.,8.pr.,a.
throne where he might judge, even the ?.'*«•'& t,,°"
porch dof judgment: and it was covered d £h \l: ,6, F'°r'
with f" cedar from one fide of the floor to tHeb./r.«jwr.
the other.
8 ^f And his houfe where he dwelt had
'another court within the porch, which °lKXa-a--
was of the like work. Solomon made
alfo an houfe for Pharaoh's daughter,
1 whom he had taken to wife, like unto fCh-i- ¦•ior.t,
this porch.
9 ^f All thefe were o/^coftly ftones, ac- tc~-s-*>
cording to the meafures of hewed ftones,
fawed with faws, within and without,
even from the foundation unto the coping,
and fo on the outfide toward the great
court. 10 And the h foundation was ofcoiWy h'f^'6V54r;
ftones, even great ftones; ftones of ten '*"'
cubits, and ftones of eight cubits.
11 And above were ' coftly ftones, '^^-j- *!*•*•

And, wherever God by his grace begins a good work, he will
finifh it in his time. But great is our mercy that, inftead of a mao--
nificent but carnal temple, we have now an incarnate, an afcended
Redeemer ! a glorious gofpel church, planned, prepared for,
erected, fafhioned, and furnifjied, by God! — that every believer is
made a living temple for the Lord! and that in heaven we have
an houfe eternal, immoveable, incorruptible, and that fadeth not
away!

942,719,750]. fterling. About 183,600 Canaanites and Hebrews were employed J'n
building it. It took above feven years to linifti it. The whole top of mount Moriah
was enclofed within a wall, to be a court for it. This court was divided into two ; the
outer for the clean Hebrews, which had an entrance from every fide, but the principal
one was from the eaft : and that of the royal family from the fouth-weft: the inner
court, feparated from the outer by a low wall, was appointed for the priefts and Le
vites.. Here, juft before the eaft end of the temple, ftood the brazen altar, 36^ feet
fquare, and 18 X- high, with the brazen fea ; ten lavers, five on each fide of the en
trance of the temple. Immediately weftward from thefe was the porcb of the temple,
36 J feet from north to fouth, and 18J from eaft to weft, and about 219 feet high :
on each Isie it had en ornamental pillar of brafs,, about 33 feet high. This ferved as
a magnificent fteeple, and as a place of ihelter and prayer for the ferving priefts.
Paffihg through this porch, you entered into the fandluary, an apartment about 73 feet
long, 36J broad, and 54J high. This w .is illuminated by at leaft ten golden candle
fticks ; each of which had feven curiouOy- 'adorned branches for lamps : five of thofe
were placed on the north, and as many ori the fouth fide of the boufe. An equal
number of golden tables, furnifhed each with 12 loaves of Ihew-bread, ftood on each
Jide of the houfe, probably between the caodlefticks. Clofe to tbe weft end, in the
middle, ftood the golden altar of incenfe: palling by it, throujh a door way, hung
with a fine vail, and having lea* . 5 for Hunting it, the high prieft, on the day of atone

ment, entered into the Oracle, or triofi bcly place. It was an apartment 36J feet in length,
and as much in breadth, and 54J in height. Here, amidft perpetual darknefs, wai
placed the ark, with its golden cherubims overmadowing it and the whole furniture.
Solomon added two new cherubims of olive trees, which ftretched their wings over it,
and to tlie whole breadth of the houfe, each wing extending about 18 feet. The wall
of this temple confifted of alternate rows of cedar planks and hewn ftone, probably
polifhed marble. The whole infide of the houfe was overlaid with fine gold, and
curioufly ornamented with figures of cherubims and palm trees. On the outfide of
the wall were crefled ninety chambers in three ftorids, for the accommodation of the
priefts who ferved at it. After Solomon had dedicated it to the fervice of God, by
folemn prayer and facrifices, and God had taken pofi"AT,on of it, by the entrance ofthe
cloud of gbry, the priefts, fingers, and porters, attended it, in the order prefcribed by
king David. After it had flood about four hundred and fixteen years, and had been
frequently pillaged, it was burnt by Nebuchadnezzar. About feventy years after it
was rebuilt, with inferior glory, by the captives who returned from Babylon. This
had ftood about five hundred years, when it was rebuilt with far more magnificence by
Herod the Great; and a new court for the Gentiles was added : but, in little more
than eighty years after, it was finally deftroyed by the Romans, A D. 72. 1 Chron.
xvii, xxii.— xxix. 2 Chioii. ii.— viii. 2 Kings xxv. Jer. iii, Eara ii^—vi. Johai.

Solomon makes fur -niture for God's temple. C H A P. VII.

The brazen fea and ten laver s.

BerorechiHi a£er taQ meafures 0f hewed ftones, and
cedars.

k Ch. S. 36.

14. ver. .

t Heb. ttefm ./
widevi woman.

1 2 And the great court round about
was k with three rows of hewed ftones,
and a row of cedar beams, both for the
inner court of the houfe of the Lord and
for the porch of the houfe.
i^ % And l king Solomon fent and
brought Hiram out of Tyre.
14 He was ¦ a widow's fon of the tribe
of Naphtali, and his father was a man
of Tyre, a worker in brafs : and he was
"iCef 0 10" m kued with wifdom and underftanding,
»• "• and cunning to work all works in brafs.
And he came to king Solomon, and
wrought all his work.
"^ch/fij^Kiri. 15 if For he n caft two pillars of brafs,
"• ' ' of eighteen cubits high apiece ; and a line
of twelve cubits did compafs either of
them about.
16 And he made two chapiters of
molten brafs to fet upon the tops of the
1004. pillars; the height of the one chapiter
five cubits, and the height of the

• 2Kin. 25.17. Thefe WOS
pillars might de-
p?oephC=«ranJi other chapiter was five cubits :

pottles, as orna
mental and fup-

porting pillar* in

b church.

17 And nets of -checker work, and
wreaths of chain work, for the chapiters
which were upon the top of the pillars ;
feven for the one chapiter, and feven for
the other chapiter.
18 And he made the pillars, and two
rows round about upon the one net work,
to cover the chapiters that were upon the
top, with pomegranates : and fo did he
for the other chapiter.
19 And the chapiters that were upon
the top of the pillars were of lily work
in the porch, four cubits.
20 And the chapiters upon the two
pillars had pomegranates alfo above, over
againft the belly which was by the net
'2echrI'"i'6Z3&4. work: and the pomegranates were p two
,}.2K.,,.2S.i7. hundred in rows round about upon the
other chapiter.
2 1 1 And he fet up the pillars in the
porch of the temple : and he fet up
, the right pillar, and called the name
,^.2^.7. thereof r Jachin : and he fet up the
sJ™Jl:ml',6. teft pillar, and called the name thereof
Boaz.

q 2 Chr. J. 17. Rev.
3. 12. Song s. 10.
Gal. 2. 9.

18. fcech. 10. ii.
If- ac. 24.

Be/ore Chrift
1004.

22 And upon the top ofthe pillars was
lily work : fo was the work of the pillars
finifhed. 21 f And he made a r molten fea, ten "^ex.J.'&'i5.*
.-- ii . , 1 .20. Zech. 15. 1.
cubits from the one brim to the other: it uohm.7.
was round all about, and his height was
five cubits : and a line of " thirty cubits ' £?*" 3'4ths
did compafs it round about.
24 And under the brim of it round
about there were knops compafiing it, ten
in a cubit, "compafiing the fea round 'llChr-4- j-
about : the knops were caft in two rows
when it was caft.
25 x It ftood upon twelve oxen ; three X|?hi-.1;&V":
looking toward the north, and three look- were^'me's^the
ing toward the weft, and three looking P««wngci>rtn.
toward the fouth, and three looking to
ward the eaft : and the fea was fet above
hpon them, and all their hinder parts were .
inward. 26 And it was an - hand-breadth thick, y)i-/i/ohnJ,r'751"
¦ ' -It had ordinarily
and the brim thereof was wrought like b«*°;linhoIti
the brim of a cup with flowers of lilies : SS^IS2
it contained two thoufand baths. Sff.'TiVrJJ"
27 «ff And he made ten bafes of brafs ; ^£M*
four cubits was the length of one bafe, Ba"°H'
and four cubits the breadth thereof, and
three cubits the height of it.
28 And the work of the bafes was on
this manner: they had z borders, and the z vet^sf*
borders were between the ledges :
29 And on the borders that were be
tween the ledges J were lions, oxen, and Sflvt'pr. i*.*3"'
O . -ch. 6. 2.7. Thefe
cherubims : and upon the ledges there xii%olprrat=,nt"
was a bafe above : and beneath the lions ESs?*^!
1 . it.* t r an^ heavenly-
and oxen were certain additions made ox &*£*«?£ *
Chrift anil his
thin work. m=mbers-
30 And every bafe had four brazen
wheels, and plates of brafs : and the four
corners thereof had underfetters : under
the laver were underfetters molten at the
fide of every addition.
31 And the mouth of it within the
chapiter and above was a cubit : but the
mouth thereof was round after the. work
of the bafe, a cubit and an half* and<-
,alfo upon the mouth of it were grav-
ings with their borders, four-fquare, not
round. 32 And under the borders were four

A fummary ofthe temple furniture.

I. KINGS.

Furniture ofthe temple finijhed.

Before Chrift
'1 004.
* Heb. in the ba e.
Thefe wheels' re
prefented the gof
pel miniftrations,
¦as unfixed, accef
fible to ariycomcr,
¦aitdbringingChriitJiearto men.

f H«b. hxnds, or
bandies.

fc, Ch. 6. 27. Gen. 2.
24. Pf. 18.10. Rev.
4.6—8.-
i Heb. nakednefs.

c 2 Chr. 4, 6. Exod.
20. 17 — 21. I John
J. 7. Tit. 3. 5.
II loj wine gallons.

*sie\s.fhcttlder.

d Heb. Hirem. Ver.
13. 2 Chr. 4.8,11
—18. Jer. 52. 17—
zi.

e Ver. 15—22.
xChr. 4. a.

wheels ; and the axletrees of the wheels
were '"'joined to the bafe ; and the height
of a wheel was a cubit and half a cubit.
22 And the work of the wheels was
like the work of a chariot wheel : their
axletrees, and their naves, and their
felloes, and their fpokes, were all molten.
34 And there were four underfetters
to the four corners of one bafe : and the
underfetters were of the very bafe itfelf.
2$ And in the top of the bafe was there
a round compafs of half a cubit high :
and on the top of the bafe the ledges
thereof, and the borders thereof, were of
the fame.
36 For on the plates of the + ledges
thereof, and on the borders thereof, he
graved b cherubims, lions, and palm trees,
according to the + proportion of every
one, and additions round about.
2y After this manner he made the ten
bales : all of them had one calling, one
meafure, and one fize.
38 ^f Then made he ten c lavers of
brafs : one laver contained 'I forty baths :
and every laver was four cubits : and
upon e.very one of the ten bafes one
laver. 39 And he put five bafes on the right
* fide of the houfe, and five on the left
fide of the houfe : and he fet the fea on
•the right fide of the houfe eaftward over
againft the fouth.
40 % And d Hiram made the lavers,
and the fhovels, and the bafons. So Hi
ram made an end of doing all the work
that he made king Solomon for the houfe
ofthe Lord:
41 The c two pillars, and the two
bowls of the chapiters that were on the
top of the two pillars ; and the two net
works, to cover the two bowls of the
chapiters which were upon the top of the
pillars;

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — Great men. may lodge and
Jive in a manner becoming their ftation. But great builders had
need to beware of neglecting to build up their own fouls in their
moft holy faith, and of forgetting the building not made with hands,
the houfe eternal in the heavens. If therefore we wifh to be
honoured, let our great and earlieft care be to honour God. It is
an agreeable thing to have inftruments employed in tht church

Before Chrift
1004.^

42 And four hundred pomegranates
for the two net works, even two rows of'
pomegranates for one net work', to cover
the two bowls of the chapiters that were
T upon the pillars: tm,.ufmtt.efaa
s. ST . r 1 ef the pillars.
4-2 And the ften bafes, and ten lavers fver.27-J9.
on the bafes; - **,¦ + .*,*
44 And s one fea, and twelve oxen sver. 23-26.
under the fea;
45 And the h pots, and the fhovels, and T&^.'.'S:
2.i3.2Chr.4.,6, 17-

were of ¦ brisrht * ne°,- ™1' l"s.~-<
J o en fecured.

the bafons : and all thefe veffels, which
Hiram made to king Solomon for the
houfe of the Lord,
brafs. 46 In the plain of Jordan did the king
caft them, ' in the clay ground between '
Succoth and Zarthan.
47 And Solomon left, all the veffels
unweighed, k becaufe they were exceeding k"f ¦£,'?,"*"¦'''-

Heb. in tht thidnift
cf the grmnd.
2 Chr. 4. 17. Gen.
33- 17. Jofh. 13.
27. Sc 3. 16. ch. 4.

many:
brafs II

the

weight

of the

1 Chr. 22. 12.

H Heb. fearched.
1 2 Chr. 4. 19—22.
Exod. 37. 10, n,
2d. Lev. 24. 6.

Exod. 35.27— 31;
& 37. 17.

neither was
found out.
48 ^f And Solomon l made all the vef
fels that pertained unto the houfe of the
Lord : the altar of gold, and the table of
gold, whereupon the fhew-bread ivas,
49 And the m candlefticks of pure gold,
five on the righty?^?, and five on the left,
before the oracle, with the flowers, and
the lamps, and the tongs of gold.
50 And the bowls, and the fnuffers,
and the bafons, and the fpoons, and the
* cenfers of pure gold; and the hinges of '* Heb- "¦""-'""•
gold, both for the doors of the inner
houfe, the moft holy place, and for the
doors of the houfe, to wit, pf the
temple. 51 So was ended all the " work that n,Chr'18"-"'
king Solomon made for the houfe of the
Lord. And Solomon brought in the
f things which ° David his father had
dedicated; even the filver, and the gold,
and the veffels, did he put among the
treafures of the houfe of the Lord.

t Heb. h,lt trine; ./
David.
0 2 Chr. 5. i. 2 Sam.
8.7,11. i Chr. 26.
26—28.

who are at once a£tive, honeft, and faithful. But great is our
mercy that, inftead of thefe material utenfils, we have the bleffed
Jefus as our pillar of liability and ftrength. — We have him as the
great propitiation — and full of grace and truth— to be our fea, our
laver, for wafhing our hearts and hands in our approaches to, and
dealings with, God. — We have him to be our altar of incenfe,
our light, and our true bread, which cometh down from heaven.

Ark brought into the temple.

CHAP. VIIT.

Temple dedicated.

Before Chrift
1003.

CHAP, VIII.

a I Chr. 15, 3. 2 Chr.
5. 2—10. Sc 30, 1.

' Heb. princes.

bCh.3.i5.Num.io. 33. ch. 3.1. 2Sam.
5.7,o.&6.i2,i7. 1 Chr. Ij. 3. Sc
J5-3-

c Lev. 23. 34. Deut.
16. 13. About
eleven months
alter "the temple
was finished.
d 2 Chr. 5. 4. 2 Sam.
6. I — 19. I Chr.
xv. xci.
e I Chr. 15. 2, 14.
Jofh. 3. 15.&6. 4.
f Exod. 37. 1 — 5.
2 Sam. 6. 17.
g Exod. xxvi. xxvii.
xxxvi— xj. Num.
Iii. iv.

h 2 Sam. 6.13. 1 Chr,

3.13. ]
2 Chr
ver. 62, 63

16. I. 2 Chr. 5. 6.
ch. 3.

12 Chr. 5. 7. ch. 6.
19. Exod. 26. 33,
34. & 40. 3, 20,
zj. ver. 21.

fcExodi 15.15, 20. Sc
37. 5,.o, ch. 6. 23
-27..

The materials, flrutlure, and furniture ofthe temple,
were glorious ; but the dedication of it was much
morefo. Here (1) All the chiefs of Ifrael affemble,
to keep a folemn fea ft of fourteen days; 1, 2, 65.
(2) The priefls, with great folemnity, bring up the
ark of God, and fix it in the holy of holies, under
the large cherubims which Solomon had made; 3 — 9-
( 3 ) The Lord, in a cloud of glory, enters into, and
takes poffeffion of, the temple; IO, 11. (4) With
thankful acknowledgments to God, Solomon informs
the affembly of th'e occafion of their meeting ; 1 2 — 2 1 .
( 5 ) In a long and folemn prayer, he dedicates the
temple to God, and recommends to his gracious regard
the prayers which Jhould be made in or towards it;
22 — :53. (6) He pronounces a folemn bleffing on
the -affembly, attended with an earneft exhortation to
obedience; 54 — 61. (7) After vaft oblations, and
when the folemn feaft was ended, he and his people
part with joy and gladnefs ; 62 — 66.
THEN3 Solomon affembled the el
ders of Ifrael, and all the heads of
the tribes, the * chief of the fathers of
the children of Ifrael, unto king Solomon
in Jerufalem,; that they might b bring up
the ark of the covenant of the Lord out
of the city of David, which is Zion.
2 And all the men of Ifrael affembled
themfelves unto king Solomon at the
* feaft in the month Ethanim, which is
the feventh month.
3 And all the d elders of Ifrael came,
and the priefts e took up the ark.
4 And they brought up the f ark of the
Lord, and the s tabernacle of the congre
gation, and all the holy veffels that were
in the tabernacle, even thofe did the
priefts and the Levites bring up.
5 And h king Solomon, and all the
congregation of Ifrael that were affembled
unto him, were with him before the afk,
facrificing fheep and oxen, that could not
be told nor numbered for multitude.
6 And * the priefts brought in the ark of
the covenant ofthe Lord unto his place,
into the oracle of the houfe, to the moft
holy place, even under the wings of the
cherubims. 7 For the k cherubims fpread forth their
two wings over the place of the ark, and
the cherubims covered the ark and the
ftaves thereof above.
8 And they drew out the ftaves, that

Before Chrift
I003.
t Heb. heads.
I Or art, as 2 Chr.
5.9.

5-Heb.q. 4. Exod.
16.33. Num. 17.10*

it came to pafs, when the
were come out of the holy place, the

the + ends of the ftaves were feen out in
the ' holy place before the oracle, and they
were not feen without : and there they
are unto this day.
9 There m was nothing in the ark fave m^hf^islf,t
the two tables of ftone, which Mofes put
there at Horeb, when the Lord made
a covenant with the children of Ifrael,
when they came, out of the land of
Egypt. 10 And
priefts
that n the cloud filled the houfe of
Lord, 1 1 So that the " priefts could not ftand
to minifter becaufe of the cloud : for the
glory of the Lord had filled the houfe of
the Lord.
12 5[ Then fpake Solomon, The Lord
p faid that he would dwell in the thick
darknefs. 13 I have q furely built thee an houfe
to dwell in, a fettled place for thee to
abide in for ever.
14 And the king turned his face about,
and r bleffed all the congregation of Ifrael :
(and all the congregation of Ifrael ftood :)
15 And he faid, s Blefled be the Lord
God of Ifrael, who fpake with his mouth
unto David my father, and hath with his
hand c fulfilled ;'/, faying,
1 6 u Since the day that I brought forth
my people Ifrael out of Egypt „ I chofe
no city out of all the tribes of Ifrael to
build an houfe, that my name might be
therein; but * I chofe David to be over "J^kV,?
my people Ifrael.
1 7 And - it was in the heart of David
my father to build an houfe for the name
of the Lord God of Ifrael..
18 And the Lord zfaid unto David
my father,, Whereas it was in thine heart
to build an houfe unto my name, thou
didft well that it was in thine heart :
1 9 Neverthelefs, thou a fhalt not build
the houfe, but thy fon, that fhall come
forth out of thy loins, he fhall build the
houfe unto my name.
20 And the Lord bhath performed his c.ch..i.v-vm.with>
word, that he fpake;. and I am rifen up

n Exod. 40.34, &16.
10. & 24. 15, 16.
Lev. 16. 2. Nurv.
9. 15. 2 Cor. 5. 19.
Col. 1. ig, 1 Cor.
13.1a. 2 Cor. 3.1B.
0 Exod. 40. 35. Lev.
9. £3. Ezek. 10.4;
zClu. 5. 14. Reve

p 2 Chr. 6. 1. ExocL
13. 2T, 22. & 24.
16. A14Jb.35.Deut>..
4. 11. & 5.12. Pi".
iS. 11,12. & 97. 2.
q 2 Chr. 6. 2. zSarr?,
7. 13. Pf. 102. I3»
14.

r Jofh. 22. fi. 1 Chr.
16. 2. Num. 6. 2j
—26. Pf. 118.26.
ver. 5s, 56.
s 1 Chr. 29. ic — 13.
Pf. 1 15. 17. &72.
18, 19. Luke 1. 70.
I Tim. 1. 17.

t Jofh. 23. 14. If.381..
IS-

U 2 Chr. 6. 5, 6-
2 Sam. 7. 6— 8.

n
Deut. 12. 11. Pf.
132.I3, 14. iCtwv
17- 5) 6-

2 Sam. 7. 25, 17.
Afts 13. 22. Pf.iig..
20. & 78. 70.
y 2 Sam. 7. 2, 3.
iChr. 17. 1,2. &
22. 7. & 28. 2.
Ads 7,46.

z 2Sam. 7. 4, 11.
2 Cor. 8.12. iCkr0
6.8.

aCh". 513. 2Saifl. 71
5, 12, 13. 1 Chrl
22. 8 — 10. & 7.
12. & 2S, 6jio, ia

rChr. 17. 11, lot.

Solomon' s folemn prayer at the

t. KIN G S,

dedication of the temple.

Before Chrift
IOO3.

in the room of David my father, and fit
on the throne of Ifrael, as the Lord pro
mifed, and have built an houfe for the
name of the Lord God of Ifrael.
21 And c I have fet there a place for
the ark, wherein is the d covenant of the
Lord, which he made with our fathers
when he brought them out of the land of
Egypt. 22 ^f And Solomon "flood before the
altar of the Lord in the prefence of all
the congregation of Ifrael, and fpread
forth his hands toward heaven :
23 And he faid, f Lord God of Ifrael,
there is no God like thee, in heaven above,
or on earth beneath, who 6 keepeft cove
nant and mercy with thy fervants that
h walk before thee with all their heart :
24 Who haft kept with thy fervant
David my father that thou promifedfl
him : thou fpakeft alfo with thy mouth,
and haft fulfilled //with thine hand, as
it is this day.
. 25 Therefore now, Lord God of
Ifrael, keep with th/ fervant David my
father that thou progiifedft him, faying,
k ¦ There fhall not fail thee a man in my
fight to fit on the throne of Ifrael ; fo
that thy children take heed to their way,
that they walk before me as thou haft
walked before me.
26 And now, O God of Ifrael, x let
thy word, I pray thee, be verified, which
thou fpakeft unto thy fervant David my
father.
mVfS'fkfftfiii 27 But m will God indeed dwell on the
, 7. 49. a Chr. 2.6. 1*1111111 11 r
S6^;?,^10 earth ? behold, the heaven and heaven of
job a. 7l s. heavens cannot contain thee, how much
lefs this houfe that 1 have builded ?
28 Yet have n thou refpect. unto the
& prayer of thy fervant, and to his fuppli-
cation, O Lord my God, to hearken
unto the cry and to the prayer which thy
fervant prayeth before thee to-day :
29 That ° thine eyes may be open
toward this houfe night and day, even
toward the place of which thou haft faid,
P Deut. 12. n. Dan. pMvname fliall be there : that thou mayeft
d. 10. John 14. 1 j, J - . 1 ¦ 1 1 r
••' **¦ hearken unto the prayer which thy iervaat
ib^tii!'"t- ftiall make * toward this place.

c Ver. 5, 6.
i Exod. xx. Deut. V.

c 2 Chr. 6. 12, 13.
zKin. 11. 14. Sc
13.3. If. 1. 15.
Job 11. 13, PI. 63.
4. 2 Tim. 2. 8.

fExod. 15. 11. Pf.
35. 10. Sc 86. 8—
10. Sc So. 6—8.
j'Chr. 29, 10 — 13.
gNeh. 1.5. &9-32.
Pf. 89. 2—4, 28,
33, 34. Dan. 9. 4.
Exod. 20. 0. Deut.
7. 9, 12.
b Ch. 2. 4. &6..12.
Cien. 17. 1. 2Kin.
20. 3. uedl. 10.12.
Luke 1. 6. 2 Cor.
1. 12.

iExod. 20. 6. 1 Sam.
7. 12. 2 Cor. 1. to.
lf.46. 3,4.ver.i5.

fc 2 Sam.. 7. 12. ch. z.
4. Pf.'i]2. 12. jer.
3;. zo—zCi, Luke
I. 32, 33.
% Heb. "Tt ere fliall net
he cut tiff utile thee a
man from mj fight.

, 3 2 Sam. 7. 28, 29.
2Chr. 1.9. Ezek.
36. 36, 37. I Chr.
17. 23 — 27. Jer.
JI.5.

a Eph. 6. 18. Phil. 4.
6riTiin. 2.1. Dan.
o. 17—19.1*1.4. 1.
tcc.t.Sc tAi.se"
1 jo. 1, 2.

? 1Chr.t5.40.Pf.33. 18. & 34. 15. Sc
132. 13, 14. ch-.
5-5-

Before Chrift
100.3.

r Pf. 113, J. Sc ijj.
I. IT. bi. I, Mat,
6.9.
s JVIat. 6. 11. Pf. 85.
1,2.
t 2 Chr. 6, 22. Num.
5. 16— 22.EX01U
22. 8— II,

11 Pf. 43. 1. & 7. S.
Deut.25. i.aChr.
6. 23. '

xLev. 26. 14,16, 17,
25. Deut. 28 .25:

y Lev. 26. 39, 40.
Dent. 4. 29 — 31.
Sc 30. 2,3. Jon. 3,
10. 1 Sam. 7. 3.
Jofh. 7. 19.

z z Chr. 6. 25. Pf.99.'
8, Sc 25. 11. Sc so.
4, 7, 8. Sc 79. 8—
12. Sc 106. 45, 46.

30 And hearken thou to the fupplica-
tion of thy fervant, and of thy people
Ifrael, when they fhall pray toward this
place : and hear thou in heaven thy
r dwelling place; and, when thou heareft,
s forgive. '
31 *|f If f any man trefpafs againft his
neighbour, and an oath be laid upon him
to caufe him to fwear, and the oath come
before thine altar in this houfe :
32 Then hear thou in heaven, and do,
and "judge thy fervants, condemning the
wicked, to bring his way upon his head;
and juftifying the righteous, to give him
according to his righteoufnefs.
22 % When thy people Ifrael be * fmit
ten down before the enemy, becaufe they
have finned againft thee, and fhall ^turn
again to thee, and confefs thy name, and
pray, and make fupplication unto thee in
this houfe :
34 Then hear thou in heaven, and
z forgive the fin of thy people Ifrael, and
bring them again unto the land which
thou * gaveft unto their fathers.
35 5f When b heaven is fhut up, and
there is no rain, becaufe they have finned
againft thee ; c if they pray toward this
place, and confefs thy name, and turn
from their fin, when thou amicf eft them ;
36 Then hear thou in heaven, and for
give the fin of thy fervants, and of thy
people Ifrael, ' that thou teach them the * '^-^ .«¦ if-
good way wherein they fhould walk, and
give rain upon thy land which thou haft
given to thy people for an inheritance.
37 •'If If there be in the land e famine,
if there be peftilence, blafting, mildew,
locuft, or if there be caterpillar ; if their
enemy befiege them in the, land of their
cities; whatfoever plague, whatfoever
ficknefs there be ;
28 What f prayer and fupplication fo- f jam. 5. ts-is.
1 7 1 X. 11 \1 Eiek. 22. 30. Pf.!
ever be made by any man, or by all triy 50. is- & 91-15-
people Ifrael, which fhall know every man
s the plague of his own heart, and fpread E Rom. *.%*.& 7.
forth his hands toward this houfe: %frifli?l:
39Then hear thou in heaven thy dwell- p'-73'a1,
ing place, and forgive, and do, and h give, 'm 18.20-28. it
or ' b ' ' £> » 3. 10, 11. Rom. 2.
to every man according to his ways, whofe
7

a Gen, 13. 15. & \%.
7. Exod. 6. 8. & 3.
8. Jofh. 21.43.
b 2 Chr. 6. 26. Lev*
26. 19. Deut. 11.
17. & 28. II, 12,
23. Mal. -3. 10. Jer,
14. 1 — 6. Joel i.
Hag. 2. 10, iz.
c Ver. 3 j.

35. 8. Pf. 3.7, ix. &
32. 8. Sc 94. 12.
2Pet,T.2i.ch. 18.
39—45. Joel 2. 12
—¦23. Ezek. 34. 25,
26. Hef. 2. 21, 22.

e 2 Chr. 6. 28. Lev.
16. 16. Deut. 28.
21— 42. 2 Sam. 24.
15. Gen. 41. 6.
Exod. 10. 4, 5. Pf.
I°5-3-M5- J°eli>
&2,i— n.Hag.2.
17. Judg. 2. 14,15.

ft

IO. let. 17. IO.
JI.4— 3-

CHAP. VIII.

Solomon 's folemn prayer
heart thou knoweft; (for thou, even 4hou
only, knoweft the hearts of all the chil
dren of men;)
40 That they may k fear thee all the
days that they live in the land which thou
gaveft unto our fathers.
41 Moreover, concerning ' a ftranger
that is not of thy people Ifrael, but
m cometh out of a far country for thy
name's fake;
42 (For they fhall n hear of thy great
name, and of thy ftrong hand, and of
»7eU3t6.3jer,.'p.i5: thy ftretched-out arm ;) when he fhall
come and pray toward this houfe ;
43 Hear thou in heaven thy dwelling
place, and do according to all that the
•fn-67*-.1^.72"0' ftranger calleth to thee for: that "all
tt'n

Solomon's (hankfgivings.

Before Chrift
1003.
¦ 2 Chr. 6. 10. 1 Sam.
16.7. 1 Chr. 28. 9.
& 29. 17. Prov.
17. 3. Rev. 2. 23.
Afls 1. 24. Jer. 17.
10. & 20.12. &ll.
ao. John 2. 25.
Heb. 4. 13.
k Pf. 130. 4. Jer. 32.
39,40. Deut. 6. 2,
13-
"J See Exod. 12. 49.
Num. 15. 15, 29.
t Chr. 6. 32. Ruth
1. 11. If. 56.6.
Mat. 2. 1. Sc 12.
42.
«Exod. 18. 12. Adit
8.2J.
« Jofh. 2. 10. Deut.
4. 6. Pf. 136. 12,

Rev. 11. 15

*

r> i Chr. 6. 34. Sc 14.
11. &20. 3—14-

¦t Or ritht.
i» Chr. 6. ;6. Eccl.
7. 20. 1 John. 1. 3,
10. Prov. 20. 9.
Jim. 3. 2.

people of the earth may know thy name,
to fear thee, as do thy people Ifrael ; and
that they may know that this houfe
which I have builded is called by thy
name. *H
44 *[f If thy people ¦ go out to battle
againft their enemy, whitherfoever thou
fhalt fend them, and fhall pray unto the
,!.f;7?;67L65& Lord toward the city i which thou haft
chofen, and toward the houfe that I have
built for thy name ;
45 Then, hear thou in heaven their
prayer and their fupplication, and main
tain their + caufe.
46 If they fin againft thee, (r for there
is no man that finneth not,) and thou be
angry with them, and deliver them to
the enemy, fo that they carry them away
captives unto the land of the enemy, far
or near ;
5 ^if & 30.'' 47 Yet if they fhall * bethink themfelves
i3.5Danh6'.io'.12' in the land whither they were carried
I Tim. 2. 8. Prov. . , l 1 j~ v
2s'amIuhi".I'p': captives, and repent, and make fupphca-
tion unto thee in the land of them that
carried them captives, faying, We have
finned, and have done perverfely, we
have committed wickednefs ;
48 And fo c return unto thee with all
their heat?t and with all their foul, in the
land of their enemies which led them
away captive, and pray unto thee toward
their land which thou gaveft unto their
fathers, the city which thou haft chofen,
Vol. I.

32. 5. Ezra 9. 6.
Neh. 9. 26. Can
ix. Luke 15. 18.

t Deut. 30. T, 2.
N?h. 1.9 ch. 2.4,
lor. 29. 12—14.
1 an. 6. 12,

Before Chrift
I003.

and the houfe which I have built for thy t
name ;
49 Then hear thou their prayer and
their fupplication in heaven thy dwelling
place, and u maintain their caufe. ^^'iAVlis"'6"
50 And forgive thy people that have
finned againft thee, and all their tranf
greflions wherein they have tranfgreffed
againft thee, and x give them compaffion x^;\t~t'^f6.l).
before them who carried them captive, li^ig?.?.*!!:
that they may have compaffion on them : ,c;er-:!4'5~7-
ci For - they be thy people, and thine y izatt,\\.mfs.
• 1 • 1-1111 n r t ¦°-li-64-°>*--6l-
inheritance, which thou broughteft forth ,s-
out o'f Egypt from the midft of the ^fur- ^exo4^:?.?".'
r .OJ Z Sc I!. 14. Pf. 68.
naceotiron: i,.&si.6. ¦.«.
cruel bondage.
52 That a thine eyes may be open unto * sec ver. 29, j*
the fupplication of thy fervant, and unto
the fupplication of thy people Ifrael, to
hearken unto them, in all that they call
for unto thee.
c 2 For thou didft b feparate them from * i*-1- ><>¦ 5- s.
*J -J L Deut. 4. 31 — 37.
among all the people of the earth, to be tltlLt'lt
thine inheritance, as thou fpakeft by the T-l'lfi* ihi'
hand of Mofes thy fervant when thou
broughteft our fathers out of Egypt, O
Lord God.
54 ^f And it was fo, that, when Solo
mon had made an end of praying all this
prayer and fupplication unto the Lord,
he arofe from before the altar of the Lord,
from 'kneeling on his knees, with his c |"„.H-.49j'.^ta
hands fpread up to heaven.
cc And he ftood, and d bleffed all the^v4-?0"-'*'
J J 7 2. Num.6, rj — io*
congregation of Ifrael with a loud voice, Pf-u8-16,
faying, 56 Bleffed be the Lord that hath
c given reft unto his people Ifrael, accord- ^'"b&'-I^.
ing to all that he promifed: there hath Ke"'1-"
f not failed one word of all his good pro- fJ,fis"4L*.'i
mife whioh he promiied by the hand of- ^i^il-lt
¦a tt r 1 ¦ r Hcb- 10- 23- Tit-
Mofes his fervant. '-1-
57 - The Lord our God be with us ^MVlchr.
as he was with- our fathers : "let him not ^Tr.^o.'i:
1 r- r 1 46. 3, 4. Rom. S.
feave us nor forfake us: >• aA. ti. 5.
c8 That he may h incline our hearts hPf-"?;6J'r'*-
^ -. . .' . . . . 23. 2 Lor

unto him, to walk in all his ways, and to '\M:%.:^Ia.
Hof 2. 14. 2Cor-
5. 14.

keep his commandments, and his ftatutes,
and . his judgments,
manded our fathers.

which he com- iCavn-,-Diut-*" l.Ar e. l.Jufh. sa.
14. toi .1. 7.-,. Zc
U.24.. PI. j+;'.ij,
59 And let thefe my words, where- "
Ttt

Solomon s dire£$fon ; offerings ;

L KINGS.

and vifit from God.

with I have made fupplication before the

Before Chrift
1003.
k m. - 16. pt. 65. Lord, k be nigh unto the Lord our God

li8J.'5*&V3o.12.i day and' night, that he maintain the caufe
.eb. 7.25. 0f hig fervant, andthe caufe of his people
+ at ah times, as the matter fhall

Before Chrift

$ Heb. the tbini
day in his day.

Ifrael,

require :
1 s4ee35V,e!r3'f.67:j2'. 6o That l a^ the people of the earth
?z\:£$$fzl may know that the Lord is God, and
that there is none elfe.
*,lChDeu8t'5,o&,29' ^ l Let y°ur heart therefore be ra per-
mrdi^fecT: with the Lord our God, to walk in
^fs\-ll~d%%. his ftatutes, and to keep his command
ments, as at this day.
62 ^f And n the king, and all Ifrael
with him, offered facrifice. before the
Lord.

n 2 Chr. 7.4. 2 Sam.
d. 17. 1 Chr. 16. x.

of heart for all the goodnefs that the ""JS,"
Lord had done for David his fervant ~
and for Ifrael his people.
CHAP. IX.
We have here ( 1 ) The anfwer which God, in a vifion,
gave to Solomon's prayer; and his fettlement of the
rewards of obedience and difobedience to him, his
fubjecls, and feed; I — 9. (2) The interchanging
of grateful kindneffes between Solomon and Hiram ;
10 — 14. (3) An account of Solomon' s workmen and
buildings, and the property and refidence of Pharaoh's
daughter; 15 — 24. (4) Of his ftated folemn de
votions; 25. (5) Of his trading navy and profits;
26 — 28.

991.

©Lev. iii. I Chr. 29.
21. 2Chr_. 15. 11,

63 And Solomon offered a ° facrifice of
tV^hzik peace-offerings, which he offered unto the
& 1, 17. mic a. 7. l0R.Dj two ancj twenty thoufand oxen
and an hundred and .twenty thoufand
fheep. So the king and all the children
of Ifrael dedicated the houfe of the Lord.
' «ei£'.2.7' Exo'1' 64 p The fame day did the king hallow
the middle of the court that was before
the houfe of the Lord : for there he of
fered burnt-offerings, and meat-offerings,
and the fat of the peace-offerings ; be
caufe q the brazen altar, that was before
the Lord, was too little to receive the
burnt-offerings, and meat-offerings, and
the fat of the peace-offerings.
65 ^f And at that time Solomon r held
a feaft, and all Ifrael with him, a great
s uL4:,V£btt congregation, s from the entering in of
Ji AmosT^2.3' Hamath unto the river of Egypt, before
the Lord our God, feven days and feven
days, even fourteen days.

aiChr.7.n.&8.6. Eccl. 2. 20,

qzChr, 4.1.

1 Ch. j. 15. 1 Chr.
16. 1. vex. 2.
a Chr. 7., 9..

IO03.
Ch. 3. 5. & „. 0.
2 Chr. 7. 11,12.

cPf. 10. 17.&65. 2.
Ii: 58, 9. Sc 65. 24.
Dan. 9. 23. Mic. 7.
7. John 11. 42.

' zfhif\cif": 66 On ( the eighth day he fent the
47& people away: and they bleffed t the king,

3. 6.
i Or thanied.

and wgnt unto their tents joyful and glad

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — When religion profpers it
is the fubjecl of general joy to God's people: and, when kings
become nurfing fathers to the church, courtiers will pretend much
zeal for her interefts. But it is pleafant to obferve all ranks concur
in the folemn worfhip of God. He rejoices to meet them who
work righteoufnefs and remember him in all their ways, and to
take up his abode with them. Though clouds and darknefs be
round about him, juftice and judgment are the habitation of his
throne, and mercy and truth go before his face. When God is
prefent, and his Spirit poured out, v/ith what livelinefs do men
obferve the fulfilment of God's promifes, and pour forth their
prayers to him. The fervent petitions which are then prefented

AND a it came to pafs, when Solomon
had finifhed the building of the
houfe of the Lord, and the king's houfe,
and all Solomon's defire which he was
pleafed to do,
2 That the Lord appeared to Solo
mon the fecond time, b as he had ap
peared unto him at Gibeoilf"
3 And the Lord faijflfiinto him, c I
have heard thy prayer arp rthy fupplica
tion that thou haft made before me : I
d have hallowed this houfe,
haft built to put my
ever, and mine eyes and mine heart fhall
be there perpetually.
4 And eif thou wilt walk before me,
as David thy father walked, in integrity
of heart, and in uprightnefs, to do ac
cording to all that I have commanded
thee, and wilt keep my ftatutes and my
judgments ;
5 Then I will eftablifh the throne of
thy kingdom upon Ifrael for ever, f as I flilV'dsf.^
promifed to David thy- father, faying, It'tst^tisf:
£— . - --  - - - »' Pf.,132. 12. 2Chr:
7.18.
g2 Sam. 7.14. Pf.8g.
30—34. 1 Sam. 2.
6 But - if thou fhalt at all turn from l^ir."'."'^5?.

which thou, d£&5.'y**
name there for Irov'is.Y.Vchr. 7. 15, 16.

e Ch. 2. 4. 8c 3. sd.
& 8. 25. Job 2. 3.
Sc 27. 5. Pf. 15. 2.
&26. 1, 11. Prov.
20. 7, Luke 1. 6,
Deut.28.j. iSam.
15.8,9. 2 Chr. 7.
17.

There fhall not fail thee a man upon the
throne of Ifrael.

to God, in the name of Chrift our true temple, are always effec
tual, and available to nations, families, and individuals. What
pardon — what healing — what purification — what viclory — what
deliverance, may they obtain! The' grateful fenfe of God's fpecial
favours thus enjoyed, the influences of his prefence and grace, and
the faith of his Son's mediation, moft powerfully determine and
conftrain to an holy obedience to his laws. Such real and lively
religion would make our meetings and partings on earth pleafant
and happy. But how much more fo. fhall our gathering to Jefus
be, never to part, but to feaft eternally on him, as our great atone
ment,, our only peace-offering, and our all and in all !

God's covenant is exprefsly fated.

C H

A P. IX. Solomons buildings; fervants; facrifice.

Before Chrift
99.1.

r-

following me, you, or your children,
and Will not keep my commandments
and my ftatutes, which I have fet before
you, but go and ferve other gods, and
worfhip them ;
"^.^.'p 7 Then h will I cut off Ifrael out of
Ele?.: 7. 20-22. the land which I have given them ; and
Deut. 28. 37. D *
this houfe, which I have hallowed for my
name, will I caft out of my fight ; and
Ifrael fhall be a proverb and a by- word
among all people :
HSo";.?™9: 8. And 'at this houfe, which is high,
29.!i7!&$:8is. every one that paffeth by it fhall be afto-

nifhed, and fhall hifs ; and they fhall fay.

°eu£ S ctc{e9'.'k Why hath the Lord done thus unto

this land and to this houfe ?

1 Deat. 29. 25—27.
Lam. 4. 13, 14. Sc
2, 17. Jer .2. 10,

ui 2 Chr. 8. I. ch. 6,
K, j8. & 7. 1.
991.

Jl Cities conquered,
but inhabited by
Canaanites.
z Chr. 8.2.

o-Heb. were not
nthit eyes
- S.Z.

o And they ' fhall anfwer, Becaufe
29!eiJs",9'.&',,6: they forfook the Lord their God, who
jo, II. Sc ZZ,q. Sc — ' (-11-/-T
s°-7- brought forth their fathers out of the
land of Egypt, and have taken hold upon
other gods, and. have worfhipped them,
and ferved theTHi therefore hath the Lord
brought upon Wlem all this evil.
1 o ^f And m it came to pafs at the end
of twenty years, when Solomon had built
the two houfes, the houfe of the Lord
and the king's houfe,
1 1 (Now Hiram the king of Tyre had
furnifhed Solomon with cedar trees, and
fir trees, and with gold, according to all
his defire), that then king Solomon gave
Hiram " twenty cities in the land of
Galilee. 12 And Hiram came out from Tyre
to fee the cities which Solomon had given
cir? him; and they "pleafed him not.
13 And he faid, What cities are thefe
¦ ^Cri.V''' which thou haft given me, p my brother?
"¦nzti^iffieaM, And he called them the land of s Cabul
or dirty, or the,
unto this day.
. 14 And Hiram fent to the king + fix
fcore talents of gold.
1 5 ^f And this is the reafon of the
,Z'"'T',V ' levy which kiao Solomon raifed ; for ' to
' &i'°: c -38' build the houfe ofthe Lord, and his own
houfe, and 'Millo, and the wall of Jeru
falem, and ' Hazor, and u Megiddo, and
x Gezer. 16 For Pharaoh king of Egypt had
* i'29.1'Ja,o",!.' gone up and taken Gezer, and burnt it

harder.

f Six hundred fifty-
four thoufand and
eighty- four
ptmnas.

»2 Sam. 5.9. ver. 24.
ch. 11. 27. 2 Chr.
32.5.

tjodi. 5"-

Sc ic,.

u Jofh. 17. 11. Judg
J. 10.

Before Chrifl
991.

with fire, and flain the Canaanites that ^
dwelt in the city, and given it for a pre- ^
fent unto his daughter, - Solomon's wife. [^'^'Z
17 And l Solomon built Gezer, and ".caV. «'-*'«£
Beth-horon the nether,
18 And - Baalath, and Tadmor in the ^titf^'
wildernefs, in the land,
19 And all bthe cities of ftore that "Sr&i.'L.t*'
Solomon had, and cities for his chariots,
and cities for his horfemen, and that which
Solomon defired to build in Jerufalem,
and in Lebanon, and in all the land of
his dominion.
20 % And all the people that were cleft cll%!PT^t
of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites,
Hivites, and Jebufites, which were not
of the children ,of Ifrael,
21 Their children that were d left after d^'K»;j-
them in the land, whom the children of J"*1"--1^-'
Ifrael alfo were not able utterly to deftroy,
upon thofe did Solomon e levy a tribute e^&»i.5«!s
of bond fervice unto this day.
22 But f of the children of Ifrael did f^8&£7-
Solomon make no bond-men : but they
were men of war, and his fervants, and
his princes, and his captains, and rulers
of his chariots, and his horfemen.
23 Thefe B were the chief of the officers s is?*. i™i
that were over Solomon's work, five
hundred and fifty, which bare rule over
the people that wrought in the work.
24 ^f-Buth Pharaoh's daughter came up h l.c& f"t^i»:'
out of the city of David unto her houfe
which Solomon had built for her : then did
; he build Millo.
25 ^f And k three times in a year did k|xc0hd:-z83-.,I^f7.
Solomon offer burnt-offerings and peace- DeutJ&Tl'Lw.
offerings upon the altar which he built
.9 T -1 1111 • r ' Bythe priefts.
unto the Lord, and 'he burnt incenfe 101.^,4
upon the altar that was before the Lord.
So he finifhed the houfe.
26 ^f And king Solomon made a navy 990.
of fhips rain Ezion-geber, which is befide "^J:8^""'.
Eloth, on the fhore of the Red fea, in XcXllltet
the land of Edom. „ „. , .
. ,.»¦ rhr. M. 36. ctu
27 And Hiram fent in the navy his lz-+s-w-
fervants, fhipmen that had knowledge ofa^'dfsflA
the fea, " with the fervants of Solomon.
28 And they came to ° Ophir, and

5.9.

i Ver. 15. ch, 11,27.
2 Chr. 32. 5.

ei'.
p 2 Chr. 8, iS. "-laar

hundred :

ihrvc

fetched from, thence gold, f four hundred

Ttt2

r.-uv,,.M.

¥he queen of Sheba.

I. KINGS.

vifits Solomon,

Before Chrift
990.

and twenty talents, and brought it to king
Solomon.

CHAP.

X.

Before Chiift
990.

2 Chr. o. t. Mat.
12. 42. i.i.he ti.
31. rer. 24. ch. 4
ji. Judg. 14.12,
P. 01. 1. 5. Sc 13
10.

• Efth. I. 4, 7. ABs
26. 23.
c Ezek. 27. 22. Pf.
72. 10,15.11'. 60. 6,

Here ( i ) T^f wifdom and glory of Solomon are mani
fefted in the vifit given him by the queen of Sheba,
and the great fatisfaclion fhe obtained; I — 13: and
by others; 24. (2) His wealth appears in the gold
and other fineries imported from abroad, or prefented
by his neighbouring princes; 14, 15, 22, 25, 28,
29 : in the golden targets, Jhields, veffels, and flately
throne, which he made; 16 — 21: and inthe cha
riots and horfemen which he provided ; and the plenty
cf gold, filver, and cedar wood, which he made to be
in Jerufalem; 26, 27.
ND, when the a queen of Sheba
heard ofthe fame of Solomon con
cerning the name of the Lord, flie came
to prove him with hard queftions.
2 And flie came to Jerufalem with a
bvery great train, with camels that bare
c fpices,

i g<$&*
nefs to thofamt,
k Prov. 1. 5. & %,
34. & 15.20. &aji
%<)¦ Luke 11, &

A'

m2Chr.2.n.Deuc £ 8. & 33. 3,

7-7,8-tt I Chr. 17.

9-7.

d Prov. I. 5. & 13.
20. If. 50. 4. Sc 48.
17. Co!. 2. 3.
I Cor. L. 30.

e Ch 4. 7, 22 — 35.
&vl.vii. 8c a. 15.
Col. 2. 3.

I John 6. 58. Rev. 3,
21 Heb. 1. 14.
John 1. 51. 1 Tim.
3. 16.

I 2 Kin. 16. 18.
I Chr. 9. 18.
Ezek. 44. 3. 5
46. 2.

h 2 Chr. 9.13.

' Ot faying.

i John 20. 29. 1 Cor.
29. Zech. 9. 17.
Sons: 5- 9—16.
I Cor. 2. 9.

and very much gold, and pre
cious ftones : and when fhe was come to
Solomon fhe communed with him of all
that was in her heart.
3 And Solomon d told her all her quef
tions : there was not any thing hid from
the king, which he told her not.
4 And, when the queen of Sheba had
feen all Solomon's e wifdom, and the
houfe that he had built,
5 And f the meat of his table, andthe
fitting of his fervants, and the attendance
of his minifters, and their apparel, and
his cup-bearers, and his safcent by which
he went up into the houfe of the Lord,
there was no more fpirit in her.
6 And fhe h faid to the king, It was
a true report that I heard in mine own
land of thy * aefs and of thy wifdom.
7 Hovvbeit, ' I believed not the words
until I came and mine eyes had feen it;

and, behold, the half was not told me :
t thv wifdom and profperity exceedeth tmTtw^IISi
J 1-1-ti vniaMt ana gated.*
the fame which I heard,
8 k Happy are thy men, happy are
thefe thy fervants, which ftand conti
nually before thee, and that hear thy
wifdom. 9 » Bleffed be the Lord thy God, who ' £ ¦*** V
delighted in thee to fet thee on the throne
of Ifrael ; m becaufe the Lord loved Ifrael
for ever, therefore n made he thee king,
to do judgment and juftice.
1 o ^f And fhe gave the king ° an hun
dred and twenty talents of gold, and of
fpices very great ftore, and precious ftones :
there came no more fuch abundance of
fpices as thefe which the queen of Sheba
gave to king Solomon.
11 And the navy alfo of Hiram, that
brought gold from p Ophir, brought in
from Ophir great plenty o:
and precious ftones. mk
1 2 And the king malPof the
trees i r pillars for the houfe of the Lord, * 0r
and for the king's houfe, harps alfo and r
pfalteries for fingers : there came no fuch
almug trees, nor were feen, unto this day

n Prov. 8. 15, 16.
Z Sam. 8. K.Rom,
13. I-*. IT. (
Luke 1. 32.
o See ch: 9. 14. ver.
2. Pf. 72. 10, 11.
Mat.2.11.1. e. fix,
.hundred and fifty-
four thoufand zni
eighty-fourpounds Holing*

p Ch. 9. 28. z Chr.
2.8. Sc-.j. IO.lt.

of almug trees

almug

Heb. a-pi-vp. Ch.7.
IS-

13" And king Solomon gave unto the
queen of Sheba all 3 her defire, whatfo
ever fhe afked, befides that which Solo
mon gave her of his royal bounty. So
' fhe turned and went to her own country,
fhe and her fervants.
14, ^f Now the weight of gold that
came to Solomon in one year was + fix
hundred threefcore and fix talents of
gold, 1 5 Befides that he had ofthe merchant
men, and of the traffick of the fpice

3 Ver. 4. ch. S. 17.
&9- i-Eph. 3. lov
John 14. i}> 14. &
15.7. Mark 11.24,
Atls 20. 35.
t With John 6. 66{
2. Tim. 4.10.

f i. e. above 17 tons
weight, and three
million lix hun
dred and thirty-
four thoufand
three hundred and
eighty-two pounds v.-.!u'- .

merchants, and of - all the

kings

of

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — The Lord bears the greateft
regard to his people's hearty and folemn worfhip of himfelf. Every
where his eyes are on the righteous, and his ears are open to their
cry. If we would fecure to our children the entail of God's bleff-
ings, we muft leave them the examples of "our fidelity. But, if
our growth in grace does not correfpond with our privileges, the
beft forms of religion will but delude and deftroy us. How gra
cious are God's rewards of his people's obedience ; and how fevere
his corrections of their tranfgreflions ! While we tremble at the
ruin of Ifrael and their temple, let our care be to take faft hold of
thc better covenant, which is eftablifhed upon better promifes

and in which men are kept, by the power of God, through faith
unto falvation. Generous minds are forward to difcharge their
obligations, if it be in their power. But very diverfified are the
fentiments of men concerning worldly things. Nothing hut Jefus
Chrift, and God in him, is anfwerable to every need, every ftate,
every mind. And it is glorious when great activity -in fecular
bufinefs is attended with a proportionate ardour in religion. They
who make God's glory their firft concern may expedr. his .bleffing
upon the work of their hands; for at his command both earth ana
fea fliall concur to enrich them;

.Solomon's fhields; throne ; veffels;

CHAP. X.

man fold prefents ; enriching trade.

Before Chritt
99°-
"u a Chr. 0.14. 13,24.
& 17. II. Pi, iz,
jo. 15.
X 2 Chr. 9. 15. Sc
12.9.
| One thoufand and
ninety-five pounds value.
y 2 Chr. 9. 16. Ezek.
45. 2. ch. 7. 2. ii
14. 26.
* Three hundred
<hekel».'

and of the

governors

of the

z»Chr. 9. 17—19-
Pf. 122. 5. & no.
I, 5. & 9. 4, 7. &
45. 6. Phil. 2. 11.
_Heb. I. 3, 8. Rev.
Co. 11.
¦ See ver. 22.
f Heb. on the hinder
fart thereof.
$ Heb. handf.

It Heb.j..

bzChr. 9. 20— 22.

* Or there was it*
fiheer in them.

c Cen. 10. 4. 2 Chr.
20. 36. II. 23. 1.
wiib ch. 9. 28.
d Or elephant? teeth.
Cb. 22. 39. Pf. 45.
8, 9. Ezek. 27. 6.
Amos 3. 15. R<rv.
18. 12.

u Arabia,
country. 1 6 % And king Solomon made * two
hundred targets qf beaten gold ; " fix
hundred Jhekels of gold went to one
target. 1 7 And he made ¦ three hundred
fhields of beaten gold ; * three pounds of
gold went to one fhield : and the king
put them in the houfe of the foreft of
Lebanon. 1 8 ^f Moreover, the king * made a great
throne of a ivory, and overlaid it with the
beft gold.
19 The throne had fix fteps, and the
top of the throne was round ¦ behind :
and there were * ftays on either fide on
the place ofthe feat, and two lions ftood
befide the ftays.
20 And twelve lions ftood there on the
one fide and on the other upon the fix
fteps : there was not I' the like made in
any kingdom'$fe,
21 ^f And b all king Solomon's drink
ing veffels were tf gold, and all the veffels
of the houfe of the foreft of Lebanon
were ofvxxre gold; * none were of hlver :
it was nothing accounted of in the days
of Solomon.
22 For the king had at fea a navy of
c Tarfhifh with the navy of Hiram :
once in three years came the navy of
Tarfhifh, bringing gold, and filver,
d ivory, and apes, and peacocks.

23 So king Solomon c exceeded all the
kins-s ofthe earth for riches and for wif-
dom. 24 % And f all the earth fought to
Solomon, to hear his wifdom, which God
had put in his heart.
25 And gthey brought every man his
prefent, veffels of filver, and veffels of
gold, and garments-, and armour, and
fpices, horfes, and mules, a rate year by
year. 26 ^f h And Solomon gathered together
chariots and horfemen : and he had a
thoufand and four hundred chariots, and
twelve thoufand horfemen, whom he
beftowed in the cities for chariots, and
with the king at Jerufalem.
27 And ' the king made filver to be
in Jerufalem as ftones, and cedars made
he to be as the fycamore trees that are in
the vale for abundance.
28 «|[kAnd Solomon had horfes brought
out of Egypt, and ' linen yarn : the king's
merchants received the linen yarn at a
price. 29 And m a chariot came up and went ralChr-
out of Egypt for fix hundred jhekels of
filver, and an horfe for an hundred and
fifty: and fb for all the kings of the
Hittites, and for the kings of Syria, did
they bring them out n by their means.
CHAP. XI.
Hitherto Solomon has appeared 'great and good :
alas ! here his fun fits under a dark cloud. ( I )

Before Chrii
, 9^5-
c Ch. 3. 12, 13. Sc A.
¦ses, 3 1. 2 Chr. 9.
22, 23. Num. 24.7,
Pf. 89. 27. Col. I.
19. & 2. 3. 1 Cor.
J. 30.
f Ch. 4. 34. If. <z.l*.
& SS. 5.

gCh. 4. zi. Pf. 6«.
29. If. 60. A, 16,
17. &66.20. Rom.
12. 1. Sc tj. ii.

h2Chr. 1. s4.Sc )¦
25. 28, 29. ch. 4.
26. with Deut. 1;,
16. Pi. 20. 7.

i 2 Chr. 1. 15. Sc 4,
z-. Gen. 13. 2.
Mat. 6. 3.3. Job 22,
24, 25. ver. 21.

k2Chr. I. 16. Set}.
28. Deut. 17. 16.
If. 31. I. Ezek.
17. 15.
1 Gen. 41. 42. Prov.
7. 16. E-zek. 27.7,

n Heb. by
Mil. I
SI-

their hand.
1. ch. S.

but,His

Reflections upon Chap. X. — So refpe&able is true wifdom,
that one cannot purchafe it too dear, or fetch it too far ; nor hath
God confined it to one fex more than another. And fuch as have real
knowledge fhould delight in the communication of it. But efpe
cially let us obferve that God on every occafion has taken delight
to prefigure the gathering of the Gentiles to Jefus Chrift, in
whom are hid all the treafures of wifdom and knowledge. Good
order in families, courts, and kingdoms, is extremely amiable and
Ufeful : and to enjoy the converfe of fuch as are wife in the things
pf God is a great and unfpeakable mercy: but God, who is the
author of all our mercies, deferves the praife of them all. Mutual
prefents are pledges of friendfhip: but happieft of all is friendfhip
with God. Profperity in earthly enjoyments fhall attend the
active honouring of him, if for the real good of his people, but the
moft certain profperity of foul. The Almighty himfelf is their
gold ; and they fhall have plenty of filver.
But in thefe labours, thefe glories of Solomon, let me contemplate
the infinitely greater one, even Jefus Chrift, our Prince of peace.
He is Jedidiah, the darling of the Lord. His birth is our confo

lation againft griefs and woes unnumbered. He is infinitely peace
ful, prudent, and wife ; and to him. every thing is naked and open.
Notwithftanding oppofitions innumerable, he was folemnly chofen,
anointed, and enthroned, by his Father. Juftly he punifhes the
guilty and rewards the virtuous, particularly fuch as have favoured
his caufe in diftrefs. Wifely he judges his fubjects, "and will judge
the world. In infinite wifdom he endites and applies his revela
tions of truth. At infinite expenfe he builds the temple of his!
church, and confecrates her to God by his great facrifice of him
felf, and his prevalent interceffion. Plentifully he enriches amd
prudently he governs his people in his extenfive dominions. Great
is the peace, the fafety, the glory, of his reign; and no report can
fufnciently defcribe his glory and wifdom. Happy they who are
his fervants, behold his beauty, and for ever inquire reverently in
his temple! And blefled be the Lord that multitudes, chiefly of
Gentile finners, are brought to him, admire his excellency, and
labour in his fervice: nay, captivated with bis love, grace, axid
beauty, abide in his houfe for ever.

Solomon falls into whoredom and idolatry.

KINGS.

God threatens him; firs up Hadad.

Before Chrifl
about -ic-i.

a Ch. 1. 1,3. Gen. 6,
2. Ezra 9. 12. Sc
to. 2— Di. Mal. 3.
n. Neh. 13. 26,
27. Rev. 2. 4, 14.
Deut. 17.17. Prov.
2.16.&5. 3,2o'.&
6. 24. Sc-t.c. 8c 22.
14- Sc 23. 27, 33.

hExocI. 34. 15, 16.
Deut. 7. 3, 4. Jofh.
23. 11. Gen. 6. 4.
& 38. 2, 18. Num.
25. J, 2.

c Eccl. 7. 26. Exod.
34. 15, 16. Deut.
S' 4. ch. 16. 31.
eh. 13. 26.
tl About fifty years.
Ch. 6. 1. & 9. 10.
Sc 14. 21.
eVer.fi, 9, II. ch. 8.
61. Sc sr. 3. -with
3. 14. & 9. 4.
fjudg. 2.13.&T0.6.
j Sam. 7. 14. &12.
^ 10. 2Kin. 23. 13.
Jer. 2. 10 — 12.
g Molech. Ver. 7,
33. Lev. 18. 2T. &
20. 2 — 4. 2 Kin.
23.10. Amos 5.26.
h Ch. 14. zz.' Sc 21.

iVcr. 2, 4. Num. 14.
24. Jolh, 14. 8.
k Lev. 26. 30. Pf. 78.
58.
1 Jud?. II. 24. Num.
21.29. Jer. 48. 13.
m2Sam. 15.30. Mat.
26. 30. 2 Kin. 23.
13. Zech. 14. 4.
Acts 1. 12.

11 Ver. 5.

> Ezek. 16. 24, 25.
Hoi. 12. 11. iCor.

pExod. 4. 14. 2 Sam.
6. 7. 1 Chr. 21. 7.
Deut. 32. 21, 22.
Sc A: 25.- & 10. 19.
Sc 31.16, 17.
q 2 Tim. 4. ic.Prov.
'4. 23. U.29. 13rI4"
r Ch. 3. 5. & 9. 2, 6.
&6 11,12.
eCli. 3. 14. & 9.4—
y. Exod. 20. 3, a,
23. & 34. 11 — 17.
Lev. 19. 4. Deut.
4. It — 28. &6.14,
»;. & 7. 26. 8c 8.
19. & xiii. Sc- 17.
2—7.

/>zVify tftfi wifdom arc fearfully fluined in his marry
ing idolatrous women, adoring their gods, and building
temples for them; I — 8. (2) On this account God
threatens him with a fearful rending of the kingdom
from his family; 9 — 13- (3) He flirs up againft
him foreign enemies ; Hadad the Edomiie, and Rezm
the Syrian; 14 — 25. (4) By the miniftry of Ahi-
jah, the Shilonite, he affigns ten Hebrew tribes to
Jeroboam the Ephraimite, whom Solomon fufpecTutg
fought to. murder; 26 — 40. (5) Without mention
of. his repentance, Solomon dies, and is buried;
4J~43- U T king Solomon loved a many
ftrange women, together with the
daughter of Pharaoh ; women of the
Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zido
nians, tfWHittites;
2 Of the nations concertiing which the
Lord faid unto the children of Ifrael,
b Ye fhall not go in to them, neither fhall
they come in unto you ; for furely they
will turn away your heart after their
gods : Solomon clave unto thefe in love.
3 And he had feven hundred wives,
princeffes, and three hundred concubines :
and his wives c turned away his heart.
4 For it came to pafs, when Solomon
was d old, that his wives turned away his
heart after other gods : and e his heart
was not perfect with the Lord his God,
as was the heart of David his father.
5 For Solomon went after f Afhtoreth
the goddefs of the Zidonians, and after
- Milcom the abomination of the Am
monites. 6 And Solomon h did evil in the fight
of the Lord, and went ' not fully after
the Lord, as did David his father.
7 Then did Solomon build an k high
place for 'Chemofh, the abomination of
Moab, in mthe hill that is before Jerufa
lem; and for "Molech, the abomination
of the children of Ammon.
8 And likewife did he for ° all his
ftrange wives;, who burnt incenfe and
facrificed unto their gods.
9 ^f And the Lord was - angry with
Solomon, becaufe 1 his heart was turned
from the Lord God of Ifrael, r who had
appeared unto him twice,
10 And had commauded him concern
ing this thing, s that he fliould not go

after other gods : but he "kept -not that
which the Lord commanded.
1 1 Wherefore the Lord faid unto So
lomon, Forafmuch as this is done of thee,
and thou t haft not kept my covenant and
my ftatutes which I have commanded
thee, u I will furely rend the kingdom
from thee, and will give it to thy fervant.
12 Notwithftanding, x in thy days I
will not do it for David thy father's
fake : but - I will rend -it out of the hand
of thy fon.
13 Howbek, I will not rend away all
the kingdom ; but will give * one tribe
to. thy fon afor David my fervant's fake,'
and for Jerufalem's fake which I have
chofen. ' 14 <[f And the Lord b ftirred up an
adverfary unto Solomon, Hadad the
Edomite : he was of the king's feed in
Edom. 1 5 c For it came to pafs, when David
was in Edom, and JoabHshe captain of
the hoft was gone up to bury the flain,
after he had fmitten every male in
Erjom ;
1 6 (For fix months did Joab remain
there with all Ifrael, until he had cut off
every male in Edom ;)
17 That Hadad fled, he and certain
Edomites of his father's fervants with
him, to go into Egypt ; Hadad being yet
a d little child.
18 And they arofe out of e Midian,
and came to f Paran ; and they took men
with them out of Paran, and they came
tp Egypt, unto Pharaoh king of Egypt;
who gave him an houfe, and appointed
him victuals, and gave him land.
19 And Hadad found ~ great favour in
the fight of h Pharaoh, fo that he gave
him to wife the fifter of his own wife, the
fifter of Tahpenes the ! queen.
20 And the fifter of Tahpenes bare
him Genubath his fon, whom Tahpenes
k weaned in Pharaoh's houfe; and Genu
bath was in Pharaoh's houfehold among
the fons of Pharaoh.
2 1 And when Hadad l heard in Egypt
that David flept with his fathers, and that

Before Chrift
977-

1 2 Sam. 12. 9. 1 Sard.
2. 30—32. & 12,
13.T4.-s 15.26—
28. ch. 12. 15, 20.
11 Ver. 12, 31, 35,

x Ch. 21. 29. 2 Kin.
20. 19. Lam. 3. 31.
Pf. 10;. 10. Hab.
3. 2. ver. 34.
y Ch. 12. 1, 15, 16.
19, 20. 2 Chr. 10.
J5, H5, 19. ver. 35.

z Ch. 12. 17, 20,
2 Chr. 10. 17. ver,
sz, 36.
a Exod. 32. 13. Deut.
9. 5. 2Kin. 13.23.
2 Sam. 7. 12— 16,
ver. 12, 32, 36,
b Ch. 12. 1 j. I Sam.
26. 19. 2 Sam. 24.
1. I Chr. 5.26. If.
10. 5, 6. 2 Sam. 7.
14. PI'. 89. 30—32.

c2Sam. 8 »f. iChii.
18. 12, 13. Num.
24. 19. Dour. 20.
13. Pf. 60. title. 8z
108. io.

1037.

d Gen. 44. 20. ch. ;.
7-
e Gen. 25. 1,6. EMod.
2. 15,16. Num. 22.
A-. Si-z<:-.T. Sc-it. 2-.
Judg. vi — viii.
f Gen. 14. 6. & 2r,
2j.Nu1n.13. 3,2tti
Deut. 1.1. & 33. 2,
Hab. 3. j.

gGcn. xii.xl — xlvii.
ch. 3.1.
h Gen. 18. 3. Sc 391
4, 21. Ruth 2. 11.
i Houfehold-miftreis'. Ch.15. 13. Jer. 13.
18. & 29. 2.

Ic Gen. 21. f. 1 Sarai
1.24.

1 Mat. 2. 20. Exod.
4vio,

Hadtf and Rezon plague Solomon.

CHAP. XI.

Ten tribes are granted to feroboam.

Before Chrift
977- .
\ Heb. fitvJ him

Joab the captain of the hoft was dead,
Hadad faid to Pharaoh, + Let me depart,
that I may go to mine own country.
22 Then Pharaoh faid unto him, But
what haft thou lacked with me, that,
behold, thou feekeft to go to thine own
ii Heb. m*. country? And he anfwered, H Nothing :
howbeit, let me go in any wife.
23 ^f And God ftirred him up another
adverfary, Rezon the fon of Eliadah,
"tiuril'^f ' which fled from his m lord Hadadezer king
47. 2 Chr. 18. 3.

of Zobah.
24 And

19. 6, 16—19.

• After Ch. 5 .
15.2. Pf. 89. 32,
2 Sam. 7. 14.

p 2 Chr. 13. 6. ver.
11, 28. ch. 9. 22.
ver. 40. 2 Sam. 20.
2T. ver. 26 — 39.
ch. xii — xv.
2 Chr. x. xi. xiii.

q Ch. 9. 15,
* Heb, chfed.

he gathered men unto him,
"^I'fchrA's*.* and became captain over a band "when
David flew them of Zobah: and they went
to Damafcus, and dwelt therein, and
reigned in Damafcus.
25 And he was an adverfary to Ifrael
^Tchf' "all the days of Solomon, befide the mif
chief that Hadad did: and he abhorred
Ifrael, and reigned over Syria.
26 ^f And p J^pboam the fon of Nebat,
an Ephrathite of Zereda, Solomon's fer
vant, (whofe mother's name was Zeruah,
a widow woman,) even he lifted up his
hand againft the king.
27 And this was the caufe that he lifted
up his hand againft the king : Solomon
1 built Millo, and * repaired the breaches
of the city of David his father.
28 And the man Jeroboam was a
mighty man of valour : and Solomon,
' feeing the young man that he was in-
duftrious, he made him ruler over all
'S5?^,2E4.od' the s charge ofthe houfe of Jofeph.
1 29 And it came to pafs, at that time
when Jeroboam went out of Jerufalem,
'cjoiir,I.!,.&,4i' that the prophet ' Ahijah the Shilonite
found him in the way ; and he had clad
himfelf with a new garment ; and they
t\yo were alone in the field :
30 And Ahijah caught the new gar-
'l\tio%\l meat that was on him, and u rent it in
slm .«. twelve pieces :
31 And he faid to Jeroboam, Take
thee ten pieces : for thus faith the Lord,
'St2?® the God of Ifrae1' Behold' x I wil1 rend
"' the kingdom out of the hand of Solomon,
and will give ten tribes to thee :
22 (But y he fhall have one tribe for

rProv. 14. 35. &22.
29. ver. 11.

uCh 27. 8C 16 10-^-15,
2 Kin. 10. 30, &
15. 13. iSa
z-, 28. &
14- S) 20.

10. 15, 16, 19.

Before Chrift
977--

a Ver. 12, 13^ 3T;
Hab. 3. 2. Pi. 103;.
ic. Job 1 1. 6.
Lam, 3. 32. Hof.
II. 8.

yVcr. 13, ch. 12. 17,
20.

my fervant David's fake, and for Jeru-
falem's fake, the city which I have chofen ~
out of all the tribes of Ifrael :)
22 * Becaufe that they have forfaken z ctlfXi% l%l
me, and have worfhipped Afhtoreth the jjr^L*"-*"'
goddefs of the Zidonians, Chemofh the
god of the Moabites, and Milcom the
god ofthe children of Ammon, and have
not walked in my ways, to do that which
is right in mine eyes, and to keep my
ftatutes and my judgments, as did. David
his father.
34 Howbeit, a I will not take the whole
kingdom out of his hand : but I will make
him prince all the days of his life for
David my fervant's fake, whom I chofe,
becaufe he kept my commandments and
my ftatutes:
25 But b I will take the kingdom out bT^.'?c£:S
of his fon's hand, and will give it unto
thee, even ten tribes.
36 And unto his fon w4U I give one
tribe, that David my ferval\t may have a
c light alway before me in Jerufalem,
d the city which I have chofen me to put
my name there.
2y And I will take thee, and thou
fhalt reign e according to all that thy foul
defireth, and fhalt be king over Ifrael.
38 And it fhall be, f if thou wilt hearken
unto all that I command thee, and wilt
walk in my ways, and do that is right
in my fight, to keep my ftatutes and
my commandments, as David my fervant
did ; that I - will be with thee, and build
thee a fure houfe, as I built for David,
and will give Ifrael unto thee.
39 And I will for this h afflidt the feed
of David, but ' not for ever.
40 Solomon fought therefore to kill
Jeroboam. And Jeroboam arofe, and fled
into Egypt, unto k Shifhak king of Egypt ;
and was in Egypt until the death of
Solomon. 41 'f And ' the reft ofthe ads of So- Ych9,!9^:!,!
lomon, and all that he did, and his wif
dom, are they not written. in the book of
the acts of Solomon ?
42 And the time that Solomon reigned
in Jerufalem over all.Ifrael was forty years..

c fieb. lamp, or
candle. 2 Sam. tU
17. 2 Kin. 8. 19.
2 Chr. 21. 7. Pf.
132.17. ch. 15. 4.
Jer. 33. 20—26.
d i Chr. 17, 24. ch„
8. 16, 44.
e Ver. 26*.

f Exod. ,9. 5. Deut.
4 1. & 15. 5. ch»
3.14- &9- 4-5-

g Deut. 31. 8. Joflu
1. 15. ch. 9. 5.
I Sam. 2. 30, 35.
2 Sam. 7. 16, 27—
29. Jer. 33. 20—26.

h Ch.xihxv. 2 Kin*.
xiv. xvi. & 17. 21.
Pf. 89. 30—32, 38.
—46.
i Luke a. 33. If. 7.
14. & 9. 6, 7.

kCh. 14.25. Who-
hated Solomon.
Perhaps for fome
injury done to bis
filler. Ver. I. ch«.
3- I-

16. 5,14,20,27.0c
22. 39, 45. 2 Kin.
1. 18. & 8. 23. &
10. 34. ik 11.19. &
13. 8,12. & 14. 15,
i8,28.&i5.6,Ti,
15, 21, 26, 31,36.
& ai. 17, 15.

97S<

Rehoboam follows

I. KINGS.

bad con/ifel.

Before Chrift
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43 And Solomon m flept with his fa-
.,o.i,.«.i. thers, and was buried in the city of
5' David his father : and Rehoboam his fon

*ncn. 2.10. 11. 57. 2.
Gei 8. Sc 49. fj.

reigned in his ftead.
CHAP.

XII.

For almoft eighty years under David and Solomon the
kingdom of Ifrael had glorioujly ftourifiied: now it
becomes divided, weakened, and corrupted. ( 1 ) Reho
boam accedes to the throne of Solomon his father,
and Jeroboam returns from his exile in Egypt; I, 2.
(2) The Ifraelites fupplicate redrefs ef their griev
ances. And Rehoboam, rejecting the advice of his
aged counfellors, and taking that of the younger, ir
ritates them with a rough and threatening anfwer ;
3 — 15. (3) Ten of the tribes, provoked thereby,
revolt, and make Jeroboam their king; 16 — 20.
(4) By raifing an army out of his two tribes of
Judah and Benjamin, Rehoboam intends to reduce
the revolt ers ; but the Lord, by a prophet, forbids
him, and he obeys; 21 — 24. (5) To eftablifh him
felf in his kingdom, Jeroboam introduces an idola
trous worfhip, like to that which he had feen in
'Egypt; 25—33.

t iChr. TO. I. Mat.
1. 7. 1 Chr. 3. 10.
b Jofh. 24. 1. Juris.
9. 1. Gen. 12. 6. &
»3-«9- t0 make him king

ND a Rehoboam went to b Shechem :
for all Ifrael were come to Shechem

e ch.'n. 40, 4t.
2 Chr. ic. 2 — 5.

2 And it came to pafs, when Jeroboam
the fon of Nebat, who was yet in cEgypt,
heard of it, (for he was fled from the pre
fence of king Solomon,, and Jeroboam
dwelt in Egypt,)
3 That they fent and called him. And
*wi,hc.4.7,22,Jeroboam and a11 the congregation of
jj: Vie'ems&heTfrael came and fpake unto Rehoboam,
" faying,

had laid taxes oh
them to build his
idolarro'us - f — . _ - _
"'•"¦ „ 4 1 hy father made our d yoke grievous

now therefore make thou the grievous ™™fffi~
fervice of thy father, and his heavy yoke
which he put upon us, lighter, and we
will ferve thee.
5 And he faid unto them, Depart yet
for three days, then come again to me.
And the people departed.
6 «|f And king" Rehoboam e confulted ' &&%&*«;
with the old men that ftood before Solo- £££*ia*
mon his father while he yet lived, and
faid, How do ye advife that I may anfwer
this people ?
7 And they fpake unto hint, faying,
f If thou wilt be a fervant unto this fi,f,r;££.I;r
people this day, and wilt ferve them, and
anfwer them, and fpeak good words to
them, then they will be thy fervants for.
ever. 8 But he - forfook the counfel of the *l%&*tz£
old men which they had given him, and
confulted with the young men that were
grown up with him and which ftood
before him:
9 And he faid unto them, What coun
fel give ye, that we may anfwer this
people, who have fpoken to me, faying,
Make the yoke which thy father did put
upon us lighter ?
10 x\nd the young men that were-
grown up with him fpake unto him,
faying, Thus fhalt thou fpeak unto this
people that fpake unto thee, faying, Thy
father made our yoke heavy, but make

7)8. «•

thou it lighter unto us

thus fhalt thou

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — Lord, what is man! Is this
Solomon — the beloved of the Lord — the miracle of wifdom — the
man of prayer — the builder of the temple ! How art thou fallen
from heaven, O, fon of the morning ! How enfharing is the inor
dinate love of women ! Every indulgence given to lewd defires
only renders them more infatiable: and they, who give way to one
wilful fm, never know when or where they fhall flop. Indulgence
of flefhly lufts makes the heart brutifb, and ftupifies the confeience :
and even fumptuous fare too fearfully pampers our lufts. No prefent
attainment of gifts or grace, without continued watchfulnefs, will
fecure us againft the moft fhameful falls. How fad, how Hum
bling, when the old age of once famous faints becomes a long con
tinued fcene of profligacy ! Alas! how Solomon's inordinate love
of horfes iffues in an inordinate love of bafe women; and this in a
multiplication of abominable idols ! How the aged faint is enfnared
by youthful lufts ! How the wifeft fage is made an arrant fool by
filly women! How the man, who fo often warned others againft
levity and whoredom, turns out. a.- monfter of vilenefs! How the
man, once fo familiar, with his God, is plunged into the vileft depths
of fellowlhip with Satan and his moft abominable agents ! Let me

thea always fufpe£r. my corruptions, and depend on the grace that
is in Chrift Jefus. Let me never covet great profperity, which
hath fo great fnares attending it. Nay, if I have made a great
profeffion of religion, let me take heed left Satan render me a re
markable reproach to it. Never let me expecT: that bafe ingrati
tude and wilful difobedience will pafs unpunished. But God
never deals with his people in fuch feverity as they deferve. For
Jefus' fake he defers his anger, and in wrath remembers mercy.
But, alas! how fin turn.; peace into war! From the moft abjecT: and
low condition God can raife up the moft terrible inftruments of his
wrath : and when he intends to chaftife he never wants a rod, but
makes men's finful ambition the means'of his juft but awful re
bukes. Diligence paves (he way to advancement, and advance
ment inflames ambition. But hopelefs is the cafe when God gives
men kings in his anger: and it is impoffible to keep down the
fcourge which the Lord ftirs up. God generally renders finners
inexcufable by the fair warnings which he gives them of their
danger. But it is fhameful, and very depreffiiig, when his people
die under divine frowns. To what a tremendous length and degree
God may carry the juft chaftifemeivt of his deareft faints !

Rehoboam difgufs the Ifraelites.

CHAP. XII.

King Jeroboam introduces idolatry.

Before Chrift
975-
Ji Ch. t.-i.Sc 14.21.
Prov. 18. 6, 7. &
10. 6, n, 14.
. 2 Chr. 22. 4, c . cc
JO. 10. Pf.7.16. &
jaci. 1 1, ver. 13. \

i Heb. hardly. Prov.
15. i.& 10. 14. Sc
18. 6, 7- Jer. 43-4-

fay unto them, h My little finger fhall be
thicker than my father's loins.
1 1 And now, whereas my father did
lade you with a heavy yoke, I will add to
your yoke : my father hath chaftifed you
with whips, but I will chaftife you with
fcorpions, 1 2 ^f So Jeroboam and all the people
came to Rehoboam the third day, as the
king had appointed, faying, Come to me
again the third day.
1 3 And the king anfwered the people

roust

fcVer. to. "Prov. 12.
13. & 18.6,7.

1 Judg. 14. 4. 1 Chr.
10. 15. & 22. 7. &
25. 2C 2 Sam. 24.
I. Amos 3.6. Deut.
29. 4. ch. 22, 23.
Ju<lS. 9- 23-
m t Sam. 15. 29. ch.
IT. 29 — ic. 2 Kin.
9. 36. Sc 10. IO.

B Prov. 15. t. Sc 18.
f», 7. 2 Sam. 20. J.
1 Sam. 22. 7.

e>£h.tt. 13,12,35.
¦*er. 2c.

f Ch. 4. 6. & 5. 14.
1 Afls 7. 57, 58.

f Heb. flrengthened
himfelf.

tQtfellaway.zKin. J7. 2t. PfOv. 5.
II— 14.
t To the time of
Ezra;
s I Satji. 10. 24. Hof.
I. 10, 11. Sc 8. 4.
J"f. 75. 6, 7. Dan.
2. 21. 44.34,35.
I Wo whole tribe.
eh. 11. 13, 32, 36.
£ccl. 10. 16. ver.

bhly, and forfook the old men's
counfel that they gave him :
1 4 And fpake to them after the counfel
of the young men, faying, kMy father
made your yoke heavy, and I will add
to your yoke: my-father alfo chaftifed
you with whips, but I will chaftife you
with fcorpions.
1 5 Wherefore the king hearkened not
unto the people^ for the caufe was 1 from
the Lord, that m he might perform his
faying which the Lord fpake by Ahijah
the Shilonite unto Jeroboam the fon of
Nebat. 16 ^f So, when all Ifrael faw that the,
king hearkened not unto them, the
people anfwered the king, faying, "What
portion have we in David ? neither have
we inheritance in the fon of Jeffe : toyour
tents, O Ifrael : now fee to thine own
houfe, David. So Ifrael departed unto
their tents.
1 7 But, as "for the children of Ifrael
who dwelt in the cities of Judah, Reho
boam reigned over them.
18 Then king Rehoboam fent ¦ Ado-
ram, who was over the tribute.; and q all
Ifrael ftoned him with ftones, that he
died: therefore king Rehoboam + made
fpeed to get him up to his chariot, to flee
to Jerufalem. 1 9 So Ifrael ' rebelled againft the houfe
of David +unto this day.
20 And it came to pafs, when all Ifrael
heard that Jeroboam was come again,
that they s fent and called him unto the
congregation, and made him king over
all Ifrael : there was ' none that followed

Vol. I.

David but the tribe of

Before Chrift
975-

u 2Chr. it. 1
Pf. 31. 15.;
j. Prov. 21.

y Ch. 13. 1. 1 Sam.
9. 6. 2 Chr. 12. 5,
if-

the houfe of
Judah only.
2 1 ^f u And, when Rehoboam was come
to Jerufalem, he affembled all the houfe
of Judah, with the tribe of Benjamin,
an hundred and fourfcore thoufand cho
fen men, who were warriors, to fight
againft the houfe of Ifrael, to bring the
kingdom again to Rehoboam the fon of
Solomon. 22 But x the word of God came unto x2Chr.n.2-4.
Shemaiah the - man of God, faying,
23 Speak unto Rehoboam the fon of
Solomon king ofjudah, and unto all the
houfe ofjudah and Benjamin, and to the
1 remnant of the people, faying, zver27.2chr.tr,
24 Thus faith the Lord, a Ye fliall a Num., 4.42. z chr.
not go up, nor fight againft. vour brethren &'2s'.i3.25'7,8-
the children of Ifrael : return every man
to his houfe; b for this thing is from me. blA».' ch'"'
They c hearkened therefore to the word cl^hj,-ri0si°-f:Jf-
of the Lord, and returned to depart
according to the word of the Lord.
25 <ff Then Jeroboam d built e She
chem in mount Ephraim, and dwelt
therein ; ' and went out from thence, and
built f Penuel.
26 ^f And Jeroboam s faid in his heart,
Now fhall the kingdom return to the
houfe of David :
2 7 If this people h go up to do facrifice
in the houfe of the Lord at Jerufalem,
then fhall the heart of this people turn
again unto their lord, even unto Reho
boam king ofjudah, and they ; fhall kill
me, and go again to Rehoboam king of
Judah. kExod.i.To.if.30.
28 Whereupon the king k took counfel, li-Ihe&Jlt^.
and made two calves of gold, and faid 1G,en- 1- 5-1^.22.
O 7 1, 4, 8. 2 Pet. 2.19,
unto them, l It is too much for you to
go -up to Jerufalem : behold thy gods, O
Ifrael, who brought thee up out of the
land of Egypt.
29 And he fet the one in m Beth-el,
and the other put he in " Dan.
30 And this thing "became a fin: for
the people went to worfhip before the one,
even ¦ unto Dan.

1 Sam. 15. 22,

d Ch. 9.. 1 5— 18.
2 Chr. 11. 5— II.
e Gen. 12. 6. 8c ia. 2;
Jofh. 21. 21.& 24.
I. Judg. 9. 1. John
4. 5. Acls 7. 16.
f Gen. 32. 30. Judg.
8. 17. Sc 9. 45.
g Pf. 14. 1. Rom. r.
30. & 8.7, 8. Gen.
6. 5. Jer. 17. 9.

h Deut. 12. 6, 7.

iCh. 11. g. &13. 34.
Prov. 29. 25.

3r

And he made an i houfe of high

places, and made priefts r of the loweft of
U uu

in Gen. 28. 19. Sc 12.
8. & 31. 13. & 35.
J, 3, 6. Jolh. 7. ?..
&c 8.9. Hof. 4. 15.
n Judg. 18. 29—31.
Jolh. 19. 47.
o Ch. 13. 34. 2Kin.
10. 31. & 17. 21.
Hof. 5. u.
p Ver. 29. Jndg. 18.
,7,27, 28. & 20.21.
2 Sam. 24. 2,6. &
17. II.
q Ch. 13. 32. Ezek.
16.25. Hof. 12.11.
r2Kin.T7.31.2Chr. 11. 15. Ezek. 44.
7, S. ch. 13. 33.
2Chr. 13. 9. with
Num. 3. 6, 10.
Ezek. 44. 7.

Jeroboam facrifices to his idol.

I. KINGS.

and is reproved by a prophet*.

Before Chrift
974*

5 With lev. 23. 33.
Num. :ij. 11 — 38.
ch. S. 2.

tCen. 12. 8. & 13. 3.
&28.19.&3..13.
&35- 1. Jofh. 7. 2.
&&.g. Judg.i. 22,
aj. Amos 4. 4.
f Or f» facrifice.

% Or went up to the
altart Sec.

u Num. is- ig- Mat,
15. 9. i>i, 106. 39.

x Ver. 31. ch. 13. t.
2 Chr. 26. 16.
1 Sam. 13. 9, 12.
8 Heb. tyburn incenfe.

the people, who were not of the fons of
Levi. 32 And Jeroboam ordained a ° feaft in
the eighth month, on the fifteenth day
of the month, like unto the feaft that is
in Judah, and he offered upon the altar.
So did he in c Beth-el, + facrificing unto
the calves ' that he had made : and he
placed in Beth-el the priefts of the high
places which he had made.
22 So he + offered upon the altar which
he had made in Beth-el the fifteenth day
of the eighth month, even in the month
which he had u devifed of his own heart ;
and ordained a feaft unto the children of
Ifrael : and he x offered upon the altar,
" and burnt incenfe.

CHAP.

XIII.

Here, ( I ) By a man of God from Judah, a folemn
teftimony, confirmed by a fign, is given againft Jero
boam's falfe worfhip ; and the ruin of his altar, and
difgrace of his priefts, by Jofiah, a deficendant of
David, is foretold; I — 3, 5. (2} While Jero
boam attempts to lay hold on the prophet, his hand
withers, but is healed by the prophet's prayer:
thus he himfelf is made another fign ; 4 — 6.
( 3J Gratefully invited to Jeroboam's houfe, the pro
phet, directed by God, abfolutely refufes either to eat
or drink in the idolatrous city ; 7 — IO. Bui,
(4) Deceived by a falfe prophet, he returns to Beth
el, and eats and drinks in his houfe; 11 — 19.
(5) For his difobedience to God's command, he it firft
threatened by his deceiver, and foon after is flain by
a lion, and buried at Beth-el ; 20 — 32. (6) Not
withftanding thefe alarming admonitions, Jeroboam

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Sin is but a bad way of
building families. By all his wives Solomon feems to have had
but one fon, and he a fool. Neither wifdom nor grace run in the
blood. And often the beft inftru£tions are thrown away upon
children ; efpecially if the parent has practically difregarded them
himfelf. Some factious fpirits are always ready to blow up the
coals of fedition; and often their vile defigns lurk under the moft
fpecious appearances. It is aftonifhing that we hear no complaint
of Solomon's idolatry, when we hear fo much of his oppreffive fer-
vitude. But moft men feek their own, not the things of Jefus
Chrift. They. are more concerned to fave their money than their
fouls. That government is but in a tottering condition which
fubfifts by feverity, ;and where the king does not reign in the
hearts of hi1- fubjects^l They are our beft friends who difluade us
from our nfh deiigns,'and they our worft enemies who foothe our
folly and flatter our pride. It is mad to give true caufes of provo
cation to thofe who are already provoked without caufe. But it is
common 'at courts to ftudy the pleafure ofthe king more than the
profit of the ki gdom. And God fulfils his purpofes, promifes,
and threatening?, by the follies as well as by the crimes of man
kind. When people once become unreafombL- they will not ftick
to contemn and calumniate the be ft of kings, and the beft of go-

Before Chi itt
974-

proceeds in his impieties, to the ruin of himfelf and
his family; 33, 34.
N D, behold, there came a man of
3 God out of Judah b by the word ȣV***
of the Lord unto Beth-el : and Jeroboam b^-^.%0h7r-
ftood by the altar to c burn incenfe. - S.'m'I: &?'
2 And he d cried againft the altar in con.yr.r.'cb.u.
B 33. 2 Chr. 26.18.
the word ofthe Lord, and faid, -O altar, d«.S8. T.&29. ,.
altar, thus faith the Lord; Behold, a i^ir"'.!' Deut.'
7 32. 1.
child fhall be born unto the houfe of
David, 'Jofiah by name; and upon thee e l^"^^
fhall he offer the priefts of the high places
that 'burn incenfe upon thee, and men's
bones fhall be burnt upon thee.
3 And he f gave a fign the fame day, {,%'i%lfa*>
faying, This is the fign which the Lord
hath fpoken ; Behold, the altar fhall be
rent, and the afhes that are upon it fhall
be poured out.
4 ^f And it came, to pafs, when king
Jeroboam heard the faying of the man of
God, which had cried againft the altar
in Beth-el, that he 2 put forth his hand eac?|,Z',^.
from the altar, faying, Lay hold on
him. And his hand which he put forth
againft him h dried up, fo that he could
not pull it in again to him.
5 The altar alfo was rent, and the afhes
poured out from the altar, according to
the fign which the man of God had given
by the word of the Lord.
6 And the king anfwered and faid

Exod. iv.vii. Judg.
6. 21, its — 40. Sc
7. 13, 14- lSam.'
10. 2— 11.

2. & 38. 4-6,

h Afls 13. 8— IT.
2Cor.io6. Jer.20.
2 — 4. Sc 36. 29, 30.
Sc 28. 17. Amos 7.
ic — 17. Deut. 18.
22. Mark 16. 20.

vernments. And they, who by opprelfion drive men into rebel
lion, muft blame themfelves for the mifchiefs which they incur.-
Princes, once infatuated in their counfels, readily add one blunder
to another, running to the various extremes of naughtinefs., filly
compliance, and open violence. We often fee the miferies which
our follies occafion .when it is too late to remedy them. Hafty
words often produce endlefs mifchiefs. But love to our brethren
fliould make us put up with many injuries, rather than feek to
redrefs them in a manner which maybe ruinous to both: and,
when God's will contradicts our defigns, we muft fubmit without
delay. If we fight againft him there can be no hope of fuccefs.
Wicked princes foon forget the exprefs conditions on which God
granted them their power. And with infinite infamy, guilt, and
danger, to themfelves and their fubje&s, they model the worfhip
of God after patterns of human invention which they have feen,
or as thev hope will beft anfwer their carnal purpofes; or which,
by contrariety to what God has appointed, moft gratifies their
enmity againft him. But to fecure our fafety by fin is only to
haften our ruin. Great men's examples are grievoufly infectious :
and moft fubjects are ready to comply with any form of religion
which their rulers pleafe to appoint.

An old prophet deceives the man of God', CHAP. XIII. who for his difobedience is flain by a lion.

Before Chrift
974-

7. Act! 8. 24. Ex 0,1.
32. 11, iz. 2CI1T.
33. .2. jon. 1. 6. again,
Ic Mat. 5.44. Rom. i~
12. 20. jam. 5. 16. tne
licit. 6. 1. ExoJ. 8.
12, IS- I

ICen. 18. 5. Judg,
13. 15.
m I Cor.
14. 3-2Ki
1 Sam. 9. -j.
2L01. 12. 14.
""rifth.';8';^24' king, n If thou wilt
Mark 6. 23.

0 Deut. 12. 32. Joh
23. 12. John 4. 34.
p 2 John 10. Rom.
16.17. 1 Cor. 5. 1 1,

qVer.20.2T. 2Kin,
23. 18. Num. 23.
5. ch. 18. 20. Jer.
2. 8. Ezek. J3, 2.
Mat. 7. 22, 23.

- r Num. 22. 21. Judg.
5. 10. & 1. 14. Sc
so. a. 1 Sam. 25.
20. z Sam. 19. 26.
ver. 27.

1 Heb. a werd was.
Ch. 20. 35. 1 Thef,
5. 15, 20.

ti Ver. 7. Pf. 12. 2.
Sc 55. 21. Mic. 7.
5, Prov. I. 10.

1 Ver. 8. 9.

unto the man of God, ' Entreat now the
iExod.8.8.&o;28. face ofthe Lord thv God, and pray for
& 10.17. Num. 11. .1 . 1 , * , n 1
me, that my hand may be reftored me
And the man of God k befought
Lord, and the king's hand was
reftored him again, and became as it was
before. 7 ^f And the king faid unto the man of
God, Come home with me, and 'refrefh
in45.c?$". thyfelf, and I will give thee a ra reward.
8 And the man of God faid unto the
e me half thine
houfe, I will not go in with thee, neither
will I eat bread nor drink water in this
place :
9 For °fo was it charged me by the
word of the Lord, faying, pEat no bread,
nor drink water, nor turn again by the
fame way that thou cameft.
10 So he went another way, and re
turned not by the way that he came to
Beth-el. 1 1 5f Now there dwelt ¦> an old prophet
in Beth-el ; and his fons came and told
him all the works that the man of God
had done that day in Beth-el : the words
which he had fpoken unto the king, them
they told alfo to their father.
12 And their father faid unto them,
What way went he ? for his fons had feen
what way the man of God went which
came from Judah.
13 And he faid unto his fons, r Saddle
me the afs. So they faddled him the
afs ; and he rode thereon,
14 And went after the man of God,
.john4.6.ch.,9.4. and found him s fitting under an oak:
and he faid unto him, * Art thou the man
of God that cameft from Judah ? And he
faid, I am.
15 Then he faid unto him,u Come home
with me, and eat bread.
j 6 And he faid, x I may not return with
thee, nor go in with thee : neither will
I eat bread nor drink water with thee in
this place :
1 7 For it was faid to me by the word
of the Lord, Thou fhalt eat no bread,
nor drink w*ater, there, nor turn again to
go by the way that thou cameft.

Before Chrift
974-

y Num. 22. 35. Jer.
5. 12. Mar. 7. 15,
1 John .1. i. ,

J Pet. T. 19. Gal. I.
Icr. ver, 9,

DlOUgilC u. 51 Mat. 7.22,

3. 6-19.

1 8 And he faid unto him, lam a prophet
alfo as thou art : and an ? angel fpake
unto me by the word of the Lord,
faying, Bring him back with "thee "into
thine houfe, that he may eat bread and
drink water. But he lied unto him.
19 So he l went back with him, and
did eat bread in his houfe, and drank
water. 20 ^f And it came to pafs, as they fat at
the table, that the word of the Lord
came unto a the prophet that
him back :
2 1 And he cried unto the man of God
that came from Judah, faying, Thus
faith the Lord, b Forafmuch as thou ^g;,?,!3,'1;*
haft difobeyed the mouth of the Lord,
and haft not kept the commandment
which the Lord thy God commanded
thee, 22 But cameft back, and haft eaten
bread and drunk water in the place of
the which the LORD did fay to thee,
Eat no bread, and drink no water; c thy
carcafe fhall not come unto the fepulchre
of thy fathers.
23 ^f And it came to pafs, after he
had eaten bread, and after he had drunk,
that he faddled for him the afs, to wit,
for the prophet whom he had
back. 24 And when he was gone d a lion
met him by the way, and flew him : and
his carcafe was caft in the way, and the
afs ftood by it ; e the lion alfo ftood by
the carcafe.
25 And, behold, men paffed by, and
faw the carcafe caft in the way, and the
lion ftanding by the carcafe: and they
came and told // in the city where the
old prophet dwelt.
26 ^f And, when the prophet that
brought him back from the way heard
thereof, he faid, It is the man of God
who was difobedient unto the word of
the Lord: therefore the Lord hath de
livered him unto the lion, which hath
e torn him, and flain him,

c Ch. 14. 13. t'Cliiv
21. 20. if. 14. 19,
20. Jer. 22. 19.

brought

dCh.20. 36. Ecchj.
l.-2-Sam. 6. 7. ...
2K111.2.24. iCor.
11. 30. Lev. 10. 2,
3. I Fet. 4. 17, 18.

according

. e Heb. bretett. Lev.
LO 26.15. 2 Sam. 6. 7.
the word of the Lord which he fpake *¦&«£». pr'S
r 11. & 71.9, 11.
unto him. icar.n.jo.

Uuu

•Jeroboam proceeds in his idolatry.

I. KINGS.

His fon Abijahfickens, &c.

Before Chrift
974-

27 And he fpake to his fons, faying,
Saddle me the afs. And they faddled
him.. 28 And he went and found his carcafe
caft in the way, and the afs and the lion
"nc «I.°joD'i8?u! ftanding by the carcafe : the lion f had

b. 22. Job 38. II
ver. 24.

gCh. 14. 13.Jcr.22
18.

h 2 Kin. 23. 17, j8.
Num. 23. 13. PI.
26, 9.

not eaten the carcafe, nor torn the afs.
29 And the prophet took up the carcafe
of the man of God, and laid it upon the
afs, and brought it back : and the old
prophet came to the city. to mourn, and
to bury him.
30 And he laid "his carcafe in his own
grave, and they B mourned over him,
faying, Alas, my brother !
3 1 And it came to pafs, after he had
buried him, that he fpake 'to his fons,
faying, When I am dead, then h bury me
in the fepulchre wherein the man of
God is buried ; lay my bones befide his
bones :
32 For the faying which he cried by
the word of the Lord againft the altar in
iL3"'uo'i-??2.cS';."• Beth-el, and againft all the ' houfes ' of
the high places which are in the cities of
^aIs^'I,0^.4' k Samaria, fhall furely come to pafs.
ijer. 3.8. Amos 4.. 32 ^f After this thing Teroboam 're-
6— 11. ch. 12. 31 J J " -1
3~!,o.&iih5^-ii. turned not from his evil way, but made
again of the loweft of the people priefts
mE*Ki. 28.41. Lev. ofthe high places: whofoever would, he
judg.V.iri'chr. m confecrated him, and he became one of
jich.i2.3o.&,5. the priefts ofthe high places.
|j:£i7*|invJ| 34 And this thing "became fin unto
^;loTI4& I5' tne houfe of Jeroboam, even to cut it off,

and to deftroy it from off the face of the
earth. \ C H A P. XIV.
Concerning Jeroboam,- king of Ifrael, we are' here in
formed, (1) How he fent his wife in difguife to
Ahijah the prophet, to inquire whether their fick fin
Jhould recover; 1—4. (2) How Ahijah, divinely
informed of the deceit, denounced to her the death of
her fon, andthe ruin of the reft of the family; 5 — 16.
(3) Howthe child died, and foon after Jeroboam him
felf, as an eflrneft of the approaching ruin; 17 — 20.
Concerning Rehoboam, king ofjudah, we are inform
ed (4) How he and his fubjecls apoftafized to ido
latry, &c. 21 — 24. (5) How Shifhak, king of
Egypt, ravaged their country, and took away -the
fhields of gold from the temple, inftead of which were
made fhields of brafi; 25 — 28. (6) Hoiv Rehoboam
concluded his life, after an almoft continued warfare
with Jeroboam; 29 — 31.
AT a that time Abijah the. fon of
Jeroboam b fell fick.
2 And Jeroboam faid to his wife,
Arife, I pray thee, and £ difguife thyfelf,
that thou be not knownito be the wife of
Jeroboam; and get thee to d Shiloh: be
hold, there is Ahijah the prophet, which
told me that e I fhould be king over this
people. 3 And f take with thee ten loaves, and
"' cracknels, and a + crufe of honey, and
go to him : he £ fhall tell thee what fhall
become of the child.
4 And Jeroboam's wife did fo, and
arofe, and went to Shiloh, and came to
the houfe of Ahijah. But Ahijah could
not fee, for his eyes h were fet by reafon
of his age.

Before Clirjft
95ff-

¦i Ch. 13, 3J, 54.
b Ch. 13. 3. ver. 12,
¦J-

c 1 Sam. 28. 8. ch.
22. 30. 2 Chr. iS.
29.

d Jolh. 18. 1. Pf. 78.
60, 67. Jer. 7. 12,
14. SC 26. 6.
e Ch. ) j. 29—38.

f 1 Sam. 9.7, 8. Judi,
13. 17.2. Kin. 5: 5,
15. ch. 13. 7.
» Or teies.
f Or tnttle.
g zKin.-g. 9. & 1.6.
2 Sam. 12. 14.
Amos 3. 7. Pf. 25.
14.

h Heb, feci for hit
huirinett. Gen. 27.
I. Eccl. 12. 3.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — God warns men before he
ftrikes. And his prophets muft,. without fear of the greateft or
the worft, faithfully declare his meflages. Nothing, however con
tingent, or diftant in futurity, is unknown to God: his purpofe, is
fixed and unchangeable, wjth refpect to even the fmalleft circum
ftances of our lot. Shame and difgrace attend fin and finners at
laft. Moft daring is their prefumption who perfecute the faithful
meflengers of God : but faithful rebukes will often provoke proud
wrath. Faithful preachers are the butt of wicked men's malice ;
but God will protect them. In the way of duty we need fear no
danger. But it is infinitely dangerous to contemn God's warn
ings, when he Can fo eafily make us monuments of his vengeance.
They, who in profperity contemn the meflengers of God, may
foon be obliged by their troubles to have recourfe to their prayers.
Nor muft faints ever be averfe to pray even for them who defpite-
fully ufe them. — Impenitent finners are in general more affected
-with their fufferings than with their fins: neither mercies nor
judgments will make any lafting impreffion upon reprobates. And
men are often more ready to thank the inftruments of their deli
verance than to thank God, the author of them. God and his

faithful fervants deteft falfe worfhip, and every thing which contri
butes to the fupport of it: and we fhould rather deny ourfelves the
common comforts of life than have fellowfhip with the unfruitful
works of darknefs. How dangerous enemies to God's people are
falfe prophets and unfaithful minifters, who pretend intercourfe
with God ! Men may be fgduced to evil by appearances of piety,
when no fears of fuffering can drive them to it. And none are
more ready to upbraid and torment us than thofe .who have feduced
us. God feverely .punifhes the difobedience of his deareft faints :
and yet how marvelloufly he bounds their trouble ! How great his
fove'reignty, in permitting the tempter to efcape while the feduced
is fo awfully punifhed! How neceflary is conftant readinefs for
death! But hypocrites in vain claim kijidred to, and connection
with, the people of God, and wifh their laft end to be like theirs.—
God will never want witnefles for his. caufe. If the man of God
be dead, the falfe prophet muft atteft his warnings. And how
defperate (thofe,. finners whp, after repeated warnings, corrections,
and mercies, continue irnpenitent ! For, fooner or later, the ven
geance of God will overtake the finner, and he fhall perifh in hi.s
own deceivings,

Ahijah denounces Jeroboam's ruin.

CHAP. XIV.

His fon dies.

Ee75evift 5 f And the ; Lord faid unto Ahijah,
j prov. 21. 30. Amo5 Behold, the wife of Jeroboam cometh to
!'4' afk a thing of thee for her fon, for he is
fick: thus and thus fhalt thou fay unto
her : for it fhall be, when fhe cometh in,
that flie fhall feigii herfelf to be another
woman. 6 And it was fo, when Ahijah heard
the found of her feet as fhe came in at the
kpf. ,3. .0, job 5. d001% that he faidj Come in> k thou wife
of Jeroboam ; why feigneft thou thyfelf
to be another ? for I am fent to thee with
1 rf^ir." ii."zlt l heavy tidings.
• 7 Go, tell Jeroboam, Thus faith the
m.C2h'4,'4,;6,72& Lord God of* Ifrael, m Forafmuch as I
^X,'.*'7'*'1 '" exalted thee from among the people, and
made thee prince over my people Ifrael,
*-;*"sc"zflhzV. 8 And n rent the kingdom away from
the houfe of David, and gave it thee; and
yet thou haft not been as my fervant
' Aoht.li'/o'.5' David, ° who?kept my commandments,
and who followed me with all his heart
to do that only which was right in mine
eyes ;
'ViZirtit? 9 But p haft done evil above all that
S:".*"-D"t were before thee : for thou haft gone and
made thee other gods, and molten images,
*¥zlz&io!l? to provoke me to anger, and * haft caft
me behind thy back :
10 Therefore, behold, r I will bring
evil upon the houfe of Jeroboam, and
'zkw^iTflim Wn^ cut °^ from Jeroboam & him that
%£¦££"' piffeth againft the wall, and him that is
*Ki„4.26. fllut up ^J ]eft ^ j^^^ ^^ wm take
away the remnant of the houfe of Jero-
'^"EJeic:^.4' boamas a man taketh away cdung, 'till.it
ch. 15. 29. Pf. 83. 1 11 JO'
10. be all gone.
"S-£t^,:% J J u Him that dieth of Jeroboam in
iVL^sf the city fhall the dogs eat ; and him that
dieth in the field fhall the fowls of the
air eat : for the Lord hath fpoken it.
12 Arife thou therefore, get thee to
thine own houfe : and x when thy feet
enter into the city the child fhall die.
' if ViFi^j,: '"' 1 3 -^nd all Ifrael y fhall mourn for him ,
and bury him : for he only of Jeroboam

j Ch, 15. 29. Sc 16.
3, 4. & 21. 21.
Amos. 3, 6.

* Ver. 17.

Before Chrift
956.

14 Moreover, a the Lord fhall raife
him up a king over Ifrael, who fhall cut » 01.15.37-1°
off the houfe of Jeroboam that day : but
what ?

even now.

b Ezek. 12. 22, 25.
Eccl. 8. II. i. c.
fpeedily.

k For the Lord c fhall fmite Ifrael c „
. . 2 Kin. 17. 6. & rv,

fhall come to the grave, becaufe in him
;" ^2PcV.2hi!; there is found *fome good thing toward
"'4^•,8' the Lord God of Ifrael in .the houfe of
Jeroboam.

as a reed is fhaken in the water, and he ^s»:j^
fhall root up Ifrael out of this good land $£$f*T
which he gave to their fathers, and fliall
fcatter them + beyond the river, becaufe tcS£kd ia
they have made their groves, provoking
the Lord to anger. d If ^ i4 Ho, ^
1 6 And d he fhall give Ifrael up be- »•
caufe of the fins of Jeroboam, e who did ^l''^"*^;
fin, and who made Ifrael to fin. l^i.lc\',i,sT-
\y f And Jeroboam's wife arofe, and ^ffzffi-l
departed, and came to f Tirzah : and Rom. i.'}».
swhen fhe came to the threfhold of the f Ti^X^fi
door the child died : g ^ 30_34.
1 8 And they buried him ; and all Ifrael ver- n>n-
mourned for him, according to the word
ofthe Lord which he fpake by the hand
of his fervant Ahijah the prophet.
19 ^f And h the reft of the acts of %-,%¦£¦£&
Jeroboam, how he warred, and how he ch-iu*u
reigned, behold, they are written in the
book of the chronicles of the kings of
Ifrael. 20 And the days which Jeroboam
reigned were two and twenty years : and
he flept with his fathers, and 'Nadab his
fon reigned in his ftead. 12 chr.. 12. 13.. and
21 ^f And Rehoboam the fon of Solo- lclt."ln°'
mon reigned in Judah. ' Rehoboam was ^y^^f;^:
forty and one years old when he began %.?£%'$£
to reign, and he reigned feventeen years iChr-6-6'
O 7 1 1 • 1 1 x l£Ji, 11.1, z. ver. ji».
in Jerufalem, the city k which the Lord q72.
did choofe out of all the tribes of Ifrael machr.11.17.jiMg.
to put his name there. And his mother's JJ^Z. *<•
name .was Naamah an L Ammonitefs- t^.f^.tit
22 And Judah -did evil in the fight of .^Jjj,
the Lord; and they provoked him "to n™: S.'^'
xxi. xxv. Judg. f»
iii. iv. vi. x.

954'975-

jealoufy with their fins which they had
committed "above all that their fathers "^'cg-.i^1
had done;.
23. For they alfo p built them high
places, and + images,, and groves, on every
high hill, and under every green tree.
24 And there were alfo 1 Sodomites in q46h&

2 King. 17.
jer. 2, 28. Sc 11.
13., Hof. 4. 12, ij.
&8. u. & 12. 11.
II .57. 5. Rom. 1.
21 — 24,
X Or ft indni. imaret,
or j.atues. 5. 12. Sc zz,
r'"9R5o
the land : and they did according to all sifztXXf.dZ'..
the abominations of the nations which ?iCi.n: *»• 1-'^'

18. 24,

Shi/hak ravages Judea.

I. KINGS.

uibijairfs bad reign.

Before Chrift
970.

7 iChl'.'U. 2. cii.
3*. 43.

a Ch. 7. St. &15. 18.
Pf, 127, i, 2.

t Ch, tq. Tfi. iChr.
9. i<;. & 12, 9.
Prov. zj. 5, Eccl.
2. iS.
m iChr.iz. io,ii.

X Heb runners.

95?.

y 2 Chr. 12.15. ver.
19. ch. 1 1. 41. &.
JS. 23. Sc 22. 45.

z Ch. 15. 6, 16, 32.
with ch. 12. 24.

a 2dir. 12. 13, 16.
ch. 11.43. ver. 20.
cii. 15. 8, 24. Sc
22. 50.

the Lord caft out before the children of
Ifrael. 25 *|f And it came to pafs, in the fifth
year of king Rehoboam, that r Shifhak
king of Egypt came up againft Jeru
falem :
26 And he took away the ° treafures of
the houfe of the Lord, and the treafures
of the king's houfe ; he even took away
all ; and he took away all t the fhields of
gold which Solomon had made.
27 And king Rehoboam u made in
their ftead brazen fhields, and committed
them unto the hands of the chief of x the
guard, which kept the door of the king's
houfe. 28 And it was fo, when theking.went
into the houfe of the Lord, that the
guard bare them, and brought them back
into the guard chamber.
29 ^f Now y the reft of the aefs of Re
hoboam, and all that he did, are they not
written in the book of the chronicles of
the kings of Judah ?
30 And there * was war between Re
hoboam and Jeroboam all their days.
31 And a Rehoboam flept with his
fathers, and was buried with his fathers
in the city of David. -And his mother's
name was Naamah an Ammonitefs. And
Abijam his fon reigned in his ftead.
CHAP. XV.
Concerning Judah, we are informed (i) How fhort,
evil, and full of war, the reign of Abijam was ;
and how the Lord preferved the kingdom for David's
fake; I — 8. (2) How pioujly Afa, his fucceffor,
reformed his kingdom ; finfully leagued with the Sy

rians againfl Ifrael ; politically built cities to fecure
his frontiers ; and, after a long reign, died of a -
difeafe in his feet ; g — 24. Concerning Ifrael, we
are informed (3) Of Nadab' s wicked reign, and of
the ruin of him and all Jeroboam's family ; 25 — 3 1 .
(4) Ofthe wicked reign of Baafha, Nadab' s mur
derer and fucceffor ; 32 — 34.
NOW in the eighteenth year of king
Jeroboam the fon of Nebat reigned
a' Abijam over Judah.
2 b Three years reigned he in Jeru
falem. And his mother's name was
Maachah, the daughter of Abifhalom.
3 And he c walked in all the fins of
his father, which he had done before him •
and his heart was d not perfeefwith the
Lord his God as the heart of David his
father. 4 Neverthelefs, e for David's fake did
the Lord his God give him a * lamp in
Jerufalem, to fet up his fon after him,
and to eftablifh Jerulalem :
5 Becaufe David fdid that which was
right in the eyes of the Lord, and
turned not afide from any thing that he
commanded him all the days of his life,
5 fave only in the matter of Uriah the
Hittite. 6 And there was war between h Re
hoboam and Jeroboam all the days of his
life. 7 ^f Now'the reft ofthe a£ts of Abijam,
and all that he did, are they not written
in the book of the chronicles ofthe kings
ofjudah ? And there was war between
Abijam and Jeroboam.
8 And k Abijam flept with his fathers ;
and they buried him in the city of

Before Chrift
958.

a Or Mijah. z Chr,
13. l. I Chr. 3, 10.
Mat. 1. 7.
b2Chr. 13. 2. Sc 11.
20—22. & 15. 16.
ver. ic, 1;,.

c2Chr.n.i,2,5,ri, ch. 14. 22.

dCh. H.4.&3. 14.
Pf. 119, 8c. 2 Tim.
3. 5. 2 Chr. 25.2,

e Ch. 11. 12, 32,- 36.
2 Sam. 7. 12 — 16.
Pf. 132. iz, 17.
* Or candle.

fCh.ij.6,33,34.& 14. 8. Ads 13. 22,
36. ch, 14. 8. Pf.
119. 6. Luke 1. 6.
Rev. 2. 10. 2 Tim.
4-7-

g2 5am. 1 1. 4. &12.
9. Pf. li. xxxriii.

h Abijam the fon of
Rehoboam, as ch.
12. 16. Aits 7. 16.

i2Ch. 13.2— 22. ch.
14. 29, 30, lee ch.
11. 41.

955-
k 2 Chr. 14. 1. ch.
14. 31. & 2. IO. SS
11.43.

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — When God vifits our fa
mily with his rod we ought to fearch out the finful caufe. And,
as licknefs and death are equally the lot of young and old, we
fhould always expect and prepare for it. It is common for finners
to be more anxious about the removal of their troubles thair of
their fins; and under trouble to apply for the affiftance of God's
minifters, whom they heartily hate. But it is abfolute folly for
thofe who do evil to expecSf. from God's faithful minifters an anfwer
of peace. It is daring to attempt impofing upon them, however
aged and blind. But, as no covering can hide the hypocrite from
the eye of God, no prefents, nor compliments, nor flattery, muft
ever divert a minifter from a bold and free declaration of the mind
of- God. Fearfully confounded will fuch impofers appear when
he difcovers them, efpecially at his awful bar. And ingratitude for
Angular favours, and fedudtion of others to fin, entail upon the
tranfgreffors the moft terrible ruin. God fovereignly beftows his
6

grace upon fome in the very worft of families. He takes of fuch
the greateft care, and often removes them from the evil to come
by an honourable death. How amiable is early religion! and
happy is it to be early ripe for, and tranfported id, the joy of the
Lord ! At the fame time it is a fearful prelude of deftrucYion to
families or nations when the godly die out from among them.
Alas! that, notwithftanding warnings and judgments upon the
wicked, their pattern fhould be fo greedily followed ! Even amidft
weaknefs and diftrefs men will, become more and more wicked.^
while God, to punifh former fins, gives them up to their hearts'
lufts, till they have ripened themfelves for his judgments. God's
inftruments are always ready at hand for chaftifing even his pro-
fefled people : and fin quickly reduces the wealthieft to poverty
and debafement. Jerufalem is now emptied of her gold and filver j
yet not chiefly Shifhak, but fin, hath done it.

Afa" s good reign; hires the Syrians, &c. ' CHA P. XV. Nadab murdered, and fucceeded by Baafha.

Before Chrift
955-

David : and Afa his fon reigned in his
 ftead. 9 ^f And in the twentieth year of
Jeroboam king of Ifrael reigned Afa over
Judah. io And forty and one years reigned he
1 IS!,: ^"1 in Jerufalem. And his l mother's name
l\'.lC °' was Maachah, the daughter of Abi-
flialom.

l 2 Chr. 6.7. Sc 9.
12. with 16.7, io,
12. ve: . 5.

1 r And Afa did that which was m right

r Ch. 14. 24. 'c 22.
46.'Rim 1.26,27.
o 2 Chr. xiv. xv.

s Ch. 12. 43. 2 Kin.
12. 3. Sc 14. 4. Sc
35, with
J4- I
¦ 1?.
13, H-
t See Ch. 11. 4.
u I Chr. MS. 28. ch.
7- 15. 18. 951.

in the eyes ofthe Lord, as did David his
father. 1 2 And he took away the n Sodomites
out of the land, and ° removed all the
p&n!fiLllll\ idols that p his fathers had made.
'*" , „ n And alfo 1 Maachah his mother,
q2Chr.i;.l6. Deut. J . '
"rP'ifia1' ,5' S' even her he removed from being queen,
becaufe fhe had made an idol in a -grove ;
' ^Vzcb^it ail(l Afa r deftroyed her idol, and burnt /'/
,0.2km. 2j.'.2.' hy the brook Kidron.
14 But the s high places were not re-
jctS.'jt "'Lev. nioved : neverthelefs, Afa' s heart was
c perfect, with the Lord all his days.
15 And he "brought in the things
l^k^filk wnich his father had dedicated, and the
things which himfelf had dedicated, into
the houfe ofthe Lord ; filver, and gold,
and veffels.
"^'v/it'h'lchr:6' x-6 *if x And there was war between
£,.,.,. ancr'. Afa an£j Baaft,a ^\n„ 0f Ifrael all their
939' days. ,
i^-v^'iil-,: 1 7 And y Baafha king of Ifrael went
zjcih.i8.25. jer. up againft Judah, and built * Ramah,
31.15. 1. ,. ^^ j^ mjght not fuffer any to go out or
come in to Afa king of Judah.
a Ahirs;Si'6l'w?th- 18 Then* Afa took all the filver and
chr!^7.',!!' z the gold that were left in the treafures of
the houfe ofthe Lord, and the treafures
of the king's houfe, and delivered them
into the hand of his fervants : and king
^itf™1 Afa fent them to b Ben-hadad, the fon of
Tabrimon, the fon of Hezion, king of
Syria, that dwelt at Damafcus, faying,
1 9 There is a c league between me and
thee, and between my father and thy
father : behold, I have fent unto thee a
prefent of filver and gold : come and
break thy league with Baafha king of
Ifrael, that he may depart from me.
diChM6.4.2Kin. ' IT 1 1 1 J
¦5. 29- iTim. 6. 20 bo "Ben-hadad hearkened unto

c Exod. 23.22. Judg.
2. 2. II. 31. 1.
1 Chr. 16. 3.

91S-

Before Chrift
935-

g See ch. 14. 17.
Song 6. 4.

king Afa, and fenf the captains of the
hofts which he had againft the cities of
Ifrael, and fmote c Ijon, and Dan, ' and "»!zh^?cl^:
Abel-beth-maachah, and all Cinneroth, j^ ??."£. &ij:
with all the land of Naphtali.
21 And it came to pafs, f when Baafha f»chr.n5. s-
heard thereof, that he left off building of
Ramah, and dwelt at BTirzah.
22 Then ''king Afa made a proclama- hiChr-,6i-
tion throughout all Judah ; none was
exempted ; and they took away the ftones
of Ramah, and the timber thereof, where
with Baafha had builded ; and king Afa
built with them ' Geba of Benjamin, and ^"is'L*1?;
Mizpeh. 7,16.101.40.6,^
23 The k reft of all the acts of Afa, and kS?lr;.^*%
all his. might, and all that he did, and 7,V~31' ve%
the cities which he built, are they not
written in the book of the chronicles of
the kings ofjudah? Neverthelefs, ' in lz£flt:\z,z%.
the time of his old age he was difeafed in Siai^JV
his feet.
24 And Afa flept with his fathers, and 9I4'
was buried with his fathers in the city
of David his father: and m Jehofhaphat ^fflftVfilftf
his fon reigned in his ftead.
25 *[f And Nadab the fon of Jeroboam
began to reign over Ifrael in the fecond
year of Afa king ofjudah, and reigned
over Ifrael two years.
26 And he " did evil in the fight of n?£7?.'^M."'.&
the Lord, and walked in the way of his
father, and in his fin wherewith he made
Ifrael to fin.
27 «ff And Baafha the fon of "Ahijah, •^*-«-«9-*
of the houfe of Iflachar, p confpired p S/o6!^;
asrainft him : and Baafha fmote him at 25' 3°"
o
** Gibbethon, which belonged to the Phi- qjoih.i9.44&2T,
liftines ; for Nadab and all Ifrael laid
fiege to Gibbethon.
28 Even in r the third year of Afa T^:lt]iizeTl:
king of Judah did Baafha flay him, and 953.
reigned in his ftead.
29 And it came to pafs, when he reigned,
that s he fmote all the houfe of Jero- s^.'&4»?iilTji:
boam ; he left not to Jeroboam any that &"'3J'
breathed, until he had deftroyed him,
according unto the faying of the Lord
which he fpake by his fervant Ahijah the
Shilonite :

Mat. I. 8. ch. 22.
41—43. 954-

Jehu denounces the ruin of Baafha.
Befc^rechrift ^Q Becaufe Qf trie fins 0f Jeroboam
 !  which he finned, and which he made
Ifrael to fin, by his provocation where
with he provoked the Lord God of Ifrael
to anger.
,(&£%.fa!i£ 31 If 'Now the reft of the afts of
Nadab, and all that he did, are they not
written in the book of the chronicles of
the kings of Ifrael ?
u j^wiVjVhr' 3 2 ^f And there u was war between Afa
&i'.&,5"9& and Baafha king of Ifrael all their days.
953- 23 I11 tne third year of Afa king .of
Judah began Baafha the fon of Ahijah to
xch.i«.s. reign over all Ifrael in Tirzah, x twenty
and four years.
y-lfsc%]]'i 34 And he r did evil in the fight of
j4..6.&,6.2>7, the LoRDj and walked in the way 0f
Jeroboam, and in his fin wherewith he
made Ifrael to fin.

I. KINGS.

CHAP.

XVI.

Here the kingdom of Ifrael appears moft miferable.
( 1 ) Jehu the prophet foretells Baafha the terrible
ruin of his family, for his ingratitude, idolatry,
&c. 1 — 7. (2) Elah, Baafha' s fion and fucceffor,
with all the family, are murdered by Zimri, his fier-
11 ant; 8 — 14. (3) After a reign of feven days,
Zimri, befieged by Omri, burns his palace upon him
felf and his family ; 15 — 20. (e\) After five years
of civil war, Omri prevails, reigns, builds Samaria,
and becomes worfe than any of his wicked predecef-
fors; 21 — 28. (5) Ahab his fon fucceeds, who,
inftigated by Jezebel his wife, is ftill worfe, and in
troduces the worfhip ofthe Zidonian Baal; 29 — 33.
(6) In his days Hiel dares to rebuild accurfed Jeri
cho, but his family is ruined in the attempt ; 34.
93*' HpHEN the word of the Lord came
"£&££«r"'.' JL to "Jehu the fon of Hanani againft
Baafha, faying,
bssTsamST5^' 2 Forafmuch as I b exalted thee out of
"•^h.aTi/n.7& the duft, and made thee prince over my
-24-^5-. 21,22. pe0pie Ifrael ; and thou haft walked in
the way of Jeroboam, and haft made my
people Ifrael to fin, to provoke me to
anger with their fins ;

Reflections upon Chap. XV.— How few great men, efpe
cially kings, have any real piety! And what a plague to their fub
jecls is their want of it! Parents' ill example is very pernicious to
their children: and it is a double reproach on thofe who degenerate
from the piety of their anceftors. Sin often ftiortens men's days,
and haftens them to an untimely end. But what a remarkable
blefling to nations and families are God's noted favourites ! Even
after their death God often pities, from regard to them, and to his
promifes made to them, ft is a mercy when God fhortens the

Elah and Zimri s wicked reigns.
2 Behold, I will take away the pof
terity of Baafha, and the pofterity of his
houfe; and will make thy houfe like c the c?s:%;'}ci&z?

Before Chrift
93L

¦5- 29, 30. & 2I,
21,12. ver. 11, 12,

houfe of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat
4dHim that dieth of Baafha in the dztft";}%ii
city fhall the dogs eat ; and him that gil'*!,'^
dieth of his in the fields fhall the fowls ^U%,'lrla'
of the air eat.
5 f e Now the reft ofthe afts of Baafha, c £ j'fci** *
and what he did, and his might, are they
not written in the book of the chronicles 93°*
of the kings of Ifrael ?
6 So f Baafha flept with his fathers, "^m-"-***
and was buried in Tirzah: sand Elah his g ch. ,4. ,7. & IS,
fon reigned in his ftead.
7 And alfo by the hhand of the pro- h ^Tkf £ «•
phet Jehu, the fon of Hanani, came the
word of the Lord againft Baafha, and
againft his houfe, even for all the evil
that he did in the fisht of the Lord,

in

provoking; him to anger with the l work ' fc'^t^ii^*

of his hands, in being like the houfe of p^^i-
Jeroboam ; and becaufe he k killed him. k a,. iS. 27-29.
8 ^f In tne twenty and fixth year of lt.^l"i^I''^^0•
Afa king ofjudah began Elah the fon of 9i°-
Baafha to reign over Ifrael in Tirzah, two
years. 9 And his fervant Zimri, captain of
half his chariots, ' confpired as;ainft him1ChI5-FiKi"-
. ' sr o 12. 20. & 15. 10,
as he was in Tirzah, m drinking himfelf H,i°-
drunk in the houfe of Arza fteward of m^s^*>'***
his houfe in Tirzah.
10 And Zimri went in and fmote him,
and killed him, in the twenty and feventh
year of Afa king ofjudah, and "reigned "hJi-JI^I1"^:
in his ftead.
1 1 '^f And it came to pafs, when he
began to reign, as foon as he fat on his
throne, that ° he flew all the houfe of "^SfeUlE
Baafha: he left him not one that p piffeth pi5Sani\5 „.th.
againft the wall, neither of his kinf- >+»¦"•¦*•¦
folks, nor of his friends.

reign of wicked rulers to make way for better, and who will begin
reformation at themfelves and their court. Many defecTts are in
the beft ; much imperfection in their works of reformation ; and
great pronenefs to rely upon an arm of flefh in the time of trouble.
But God generally imbitters to his people the fuccefs of their own
finful projects. How wretched are nations when one wicked
prince ftill follows another ! when fucceffors murder their wicked
fovereigns, but continue cleaving to their ruinous wickednefs !

Omri and Ahab' s wicked reign.

CHAP. XVI.

Jericho rebuilt by Hief.

Before Chrift
9a9-
q Ver. J—4, 7-

12 Thus did Zimri deftroy all the
houfe of Baafha, q according to the word
of the Lord which he fpake againft

•sieb.hythchandcf. Baafha * by Jehu the prophet,
i

rlf. ¦}¦ II- Pf- 18.26,
27. ch. 15.29, 30.
11. 10. 6,

0 rFor all the fins of Baafha, and the
.m%:¥™. fins of Elah his fon, by which they fin-
£II'p/9.iV,'i6. ned, and by which they made Ifrael to
fin, in provoking the Lord God of Ifrael
^7Ut;5"?|K| to anger with their s vanities.
S Jj^'i6.' , -doj: j 4 «r t ]\j0 w tne reft 0f the ads of Elah ,
8. 4. & 10. 19)20. ~ II ^ 7
tch.14.19. sc 15. and all that he did, are they not written
H'zdfcl.'Slh: in the book of the chronicles of the kings
of Ifrael?
929- 1 5 ^f In the twenty and feventh year
of Afa king of Judah did Zimri reign
"Is^zts^S. u l"even days in Tirzah. And the people.
xch.15.27. jeih. were x encamped againft Gibbethon,
which belonged to the Philiftines.
16 And the people that were encamped
heard fay, Zimri hath confpired, and
hath alfo flain -the king: wherefore all
y Mic. 6. 16. Ifrael made y Omri, the captain of the
hoft, king over Ifrael that day in the
camp. ly And Omri went -up from Gibbe
thon, and all Ifrael with him, and they

22 Sam, 20 15. Judg.
9. 45, 50. Luke
>9- 4i-

befieged Tirzah.

1 8 And it came to pafs, when Zimri
faw that the city was taken, that he went
into the palace of the king's houfe, and
.ajndg.9.54- 1 sam. a burnt the king's houfe over him with
JJ. 4, 5. 2 Sam. 17. - O
.23. Mat. 27. j. flre? an(J [Jjed,
19 For his fins which he finned in doing
fcuh.'pf.'93.°;6v"'.3: b ev^ m tne %nt ofthe Lord, in walking
"J":i,c]!t',^. in the way of Jeroboam., and in his fin
which he did to make Ifrael to fin.
20 ^f c Now the reft of the act. s of
Vi'.tV'm.^!'sc]\. Zimri, and his treafon that he wrought,
8, 12. & 14. 15, 28. ., .".,., r° .
&1S-U, is,«, are they not written in the book of the
a6, 31. ch. 11. 41, m J
chronicles of the kings of Ifrael ?
2 1 5f Then were the people of Ifrael
*^2.SVc°vii divided into two parts: half of the
people followed Tibni the fon of Gi-
nath, to make him king; and half fbl-

1. 31. & 5.22. 8c
is. 21.
c Ver. 5, 14, 27. ch.
14. Vj.Si 15.31. &

vest lafted about
live yean.

Vol. I.

lowed Omri.
22 But the people that followed Omri
prevailed againft the people that followed
Tibni the fon of Ginath : fo Tibni died,
and Omri reigned.
23 ^f In tile thirty and firft year of

e From the death of
Elah. Ver. 8.

Afa king of Judah began Omri to reign Bcf°9e3j.hr'ft
over Ifrael, e twelve years : fix years "
reigned he in Tirzah.
24 And he bought the hill Samaria of
Shemer f" for two talents of filver, and f %my S
built on the hill, and called the name of j™^s^dfilc'
the city which he built, after the name
of Shemer, owner of the hill, f Samaria. f Mr&";.,.
2<r ff But Omri wrought evil in the i7-T,'6!Mic.i!1s.
*> O - - Amos 4. 1.

eyes of the Lord, and did s worfe than EHeertabiiihedthe
U, 1 1 r J ¦ idolatry by a law.
that were before him. Mic.6.i6.Hoi.5.
26 For he h walked in all the way of h v„. z, 7, rj) „.
Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, and in his n.]]',tfsc\^
fin wherewith he made Ifrael to fin, to
provoke the Lord God of Ifrael to anger
with their vanities.
27 f Now ; the reft of the aefs of Omri iv,%f£'£ft
which he did, and his might that he
fhewed, are they not written in the book
ofthe chronicles ofthe kings of Ifrael?
28 So Omri flept with his fathers, and
was buried in Samaria : and Ahab his fon
reigned in his ftead. 9,8<
29 ^f And in the k thirty and eighth kvct. 10,15,2?.
year of Afa king of Judah began Ahab
the fon of Omri to reign over Ifrael : and
Ahab the fon of Omri reigned over Ifrael
in Samaria twenty and two years.
30 And Ahab the fon of Omri did
evil in the fight of the Lord ' above all ' cl^;,%lMif.\.
that were before him. z-ver.2J.
' 31 And it came to pafs, ¦* as if it had *8&'2c*«'*ft
been a light thing for him to walk in the
fins of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, that
he took to wife m Jezebel the daughter m£h&',4i. X ";.„:
of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and 6-2-Prov-^-;-
went and ferved "Baal, and worfhipped "^^^^
him. 32 And he reared up an altar for Baal
in the "houfe of Baal, which he had °lKi"-" **•
built in Samaria.
22 And Ahab p made a grove :
Ahab did q more to provoke the Lord
God of Ifrael to anger than all the kings %\tsW

ana 13.6. &17. 16. &
21.3.
a, Ver. 31, J2. ch. 22.

-1--

of Ifrael that were before him.
34 5f In his days did Hiel the r Beth
elite build Jericho : he laid the foundation
thereof in Abiram his firft-born, and fet ,h.ih.
up the gates thereof in his youngeft fon
' , s according to the word of the
Xxx

Segub

r Gc-i. 23. 19. &fte,
1. ch.12. 2S, ;i.

'* .>¦ l"bi;. 4.
1 '-or. to. ai.
7-cch. 1.6 D.1-1.0.
II. Pf. 5-. ; , -J,
Jer. 44. :.S.

Elijah is miraculoufly fed by ravens.

I. KINGS.

He multiplies oil and meal.

Berorechrii, *LORr) which he fpake by Jofhua the fon
 of Nun. CHAP. XVII.
While the Ifraelites are governed by the worft of kings,
God, for their awakening, raifes up among them
Elijah, a wonderful prophet, in whom the great
honours of Enoch and Mofes were united. ( I ) He
by his prayer procures, and foretells to Ahab, a fa
mine, occafioned by a drought of three years and fix
months. (2) While Ahab fought to murder him,
God makes the ravens feed him by the brook Cherith,
till it dried up ; 1 — 7. (3) God nourifhes him dur
ing the reft of the dearth by a poor Jfiidonian widow,
whofe meal and oil he multiplied, and whofe dead
. child he reftored to life ; 8^—24.
ND * Elijah the Tifhbite, who was

a Luke 1. 17. & 4.
24, 25.

A

of the inhabitants of Gilead, faid
"^J'j-it^S unto Ahab, b As the Lord God of Ifrael
liveth, before whom I ftand, there fhall
not be dew nor rain thefe years, but
according to my word.
2 And c the word of the Lord came

Rev. it. 6. Luki4«
23. If. 45.11.

cjer. 7. 1.&IJ I Sc
i6.'i,:£^:.I.'& unto him, faying,
30.1, &c. „, ' . ¦/ , °
2 Get thee hence,

and turn thee eaft-
d je*. ,6. 26. Johns, ward, and d hide thyfelf by the brook
&££%*• Cherith, that is * before Jordan.
? Eaftward of it. ^ ^nj -lt fl^ be tf,af \aon fhalt drink
epr. 73. 23. job js. of the brook ; and I have c commanded
the ravens to feed thee there.
5 So he went and did f according unto
the word of the Lord : for he went and
dwelt by the brook Cherith, that is before
Jordan. 6 And the g ravens brought him bread
and flefh in the morning, and bread and
3.* 34.» ** fleftl jn ^e evening; and he drank of the
brook. it came to pafs + after a while
the brook dried up, becaufe there
had been no rain in the land.
8 <|f And the hword of the Lord came
i. judg. ,5..o. untQ njm^ faying,

41. Pf. 37- 3t 19-
Rev. 12. 6,14.
I Prov. 3. 5, 6. Mat.
ij. 24. ch. 19. 9.

j ', Ja; it) 26. & 16.
-., -.-.M. 3.17,18.
r- < V 3O. 8  10-
!•.<¦.;. 14- 14- it.

909.

7 And

f Heb. at the end of *-Uof

i Obad.zo. called .**i-
nfta. Luke 4. z6-

9 Arife, get thee to ! Zarephath, which

belongeth to Zidon, and dwell there: be
hold, I have commanded a widow woman
there to fuftain thee.
- 10 So he arofe and went to Zarephath.
And, when he came to the gate of the
city, behold, the widow woman was there
gathering of fticks : and he called to her,
and faid, k Fetch me, I pray thee, a little
water in a veffel, that I may drink.
1 1 And as fhe was going to fetch //
he called to her, and faid, ' Bring me, I
pray thee, a morfel of bread in thine hand.
12 And fhe faid, m As the Lord thy
God liveth, I have not a "cake, but an
handful of meal in a barrel, and a little
oil in a crufe: and, behold, I am gather
ing two fticks, that I may go in and drefs
it for me and my fon, that we may eat it
and ° die.
13 And Elijah faid- unto -her, Fear not ;
go and do as thou haft faid : but p make
me thereof a little cake firft, and bring //
unto me, and after make for thee and for
thy fon,
14 For thus faith the Lord God of
Ifrael, iThe barrel of meal fhall not wafte,
neither fhall the crufe of oil fail, until
the day that the Lord fendeth rain upon
the earth.
1 5 And fhe r went and did according
to the faying of Elijah : and fhe, and he,
and her houfe, did eat + many days.
1 6 And the barrel of meal wafted not,
neither did the crufe of oil fail, " accord
ing to the word of the Lord which he
fpake II by Elijah.
1 7 <ff And it came to pafs, after thefe
things, that the x fon of the woman, the
miftrefs of the houfe, fell fick ; and his
ficknefs was fo fore that there was no
breath left in him.

Before Chrift
909.

k Ver. 4. If. 33. ,{.
Pf. 24. 1. Lulce 4,
25, 26. Gen. IS. 4,
Sc ai. 15. Heb. 11.
37-

1 Gen. 11. 15. Heb.
ii. 37. Mat. 10. 42.

m Ver. i. i Sam. 25.
26, 34.
nGen. 18. 6. 2 Kin.
4.42.

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — For the wickednefs of a
land, many and bad are the princes thereof: and they multiply their
murders and maffacres one of another. But ihort-lived and trou-
blefome is the power and honour procured by murder. How
eagerly do men follow the very fins, or worfe, which ruined their
predeceffors before their eyes! But, if thus they harden themfelves
in their ingratitude, their blood muft be on their own heads. God
indeed fomedmes permits wicked men to die in their beds, and
leave their wicked children to pay off their awful reckoning.
Drunkards fearfully expofe themfelves to death in a thoufand forms.

o Gen. 21. 15, 16.

p 1 Pct.T.7. Gen.22.
1. Judg. 7. 2—4.

q I Tim. 4. 8. If. 33.
16. 2 Kin. 4. 2—7.
John 6. 9—13.
Mat. 15. 31 — 38.
Se 14. 13—21.

r 2 Chr. 20. ». If. 7.
0. Mat. 15. 28.
Mark 12. 43.
} Or a full year.

s Ver. 14. ch. 13. t.
2Kin.14.25. Num.
23. 19. Tit. I. 2.
Heb. 10. 23. Jer.
31. 17, 27.
UHeb. hy the hand tf.

t 2 Kin. 4. 18—20.
I Pet. 4. 12. Sc I.
7. Jam. 1. 2—4.
Jolui 4. 49, 50.

And it is terrible to be hurried drunk to the tribunal of an holy
God ! Rebellious projectors often perifh in the flames which
they have kindled ; and revenge and envy attend them in death.
And it is terrible when God punifhes men's harmony in wicked
nefs with civil wars and difcords. Dreadful is his cafe who is mar
ried to a wicked and abandoned woman : nothing is fo bafe or hor
rid but fhe can perfuade him to it. When kings are monfters in
wickednefs, the fubjecls will ftrive to outdo them in contempt of
God, But fuch as defpife his curfe fhall feel the weight of it.

"Elijah refiores to life.

CHAP. XVII. XVIII. Obadiah fent to procure pafiure, he.

Before Chrift
909.

1 8 And fhe faid unto Elijah, u What
s.„,: have I to do with thee, O thou x man of
,o.Rom.2.4. God? y^tthou come unto me to call
- Tudft- —
9<" my fin to remembrance, and to flay my

X Deut. 33. I. Judft.
1 j. 6. I Sam,
R. ch. 13. 1.
yOh.iP.c, Lnkes. foil ?
». Mat. 14. 26,

19 And he faid unto her, Give me
thy fon. And he took him out of her
Mlk9i49'.?.,,J' bofom, and carried him up into a z loft
where he abode, and laid him upon his
own bed.
20 And he * cried unto the Lord, and

a Enod. 14. to. Jam.
5. 15, 16. Phil. 4

22. ir. 45.11. john faid, O Lord my God, haft thou alfo
14. 13, lA.Sc 16. '
21.4=15.7. 1 jau b brought

evil upon the widow with
b ver. 5. prov. 14. whom I foiourn, by flaying her fon ?
21 And he c ftretched himfelf upon
the child three times, and cried unto the
Lord, and faid, O Lord my God, I
pray thee, let this child's foul come into
him again.
22 And the Lord d heard the voice of
Elijah ; and the foul of the child came

21. Jolh. 7. 9.

c z Kin. 4,
20. n.

i Pf. 65. i. Jam, 5.
15, 10. lee ver. 19.

eD*35.Lul9e'7Ki!|,' ml° mm again, and he e revived
15. & 8. 54, 55.
John 11.43,44.
Acts 9. 40. Sc 20.

23 And Elijah took the child, and
«i.nii..ji. 3j. brought him down out of the chamber
into the houfe, , and delivered him unto
his mother : and Elijah faid, See, thy fon
liveth. 24 And the woman faid to Elijah,
rj*U'£.**'n' f Now by this I know that thou art aman
of God, and that the word of the Lord
in thy mouth is truth.
CHAP. XVIII.
For more than three years Elijah had concealed himfelf
from the perfecuting rage of Ahab. Now, ( I ) By
God's direclion, he goes to prefent himfelf to him; I,
2. (2) While Ahab, and Obadiah, a pious officer
in his family, take different routs to procure pafiure

Before Chrift
906.

.Jam.,-.

b Of hi, -sb-Jewith
thc v.i,i(*.v. Ch.
17' 9, ij-

for their. horfes and mules, Elijah prefents himfelf to
Obadiah, and bids him inform his mafter that he de
fired to fee him. After fome remonflrances concerning
his danger, Obadiah complies; 3—16. (3) Ahab
being come, Elijah orders him to affemble the Ifraelites
and the idolatrous prophets at mount Carmel : which
is done; 17—20. (4) Before the affembled If
raelites, and the prophets of Baal and the groves, he
demands a folemn trial, whether Baal or Jehovah
was the true God, by their calling upon each to in
flame the facrifices prefented to him; 21—24. (5)^
idolatrous prophets failing, while Jehov ah with fire
confumed Elijah's facrifice and altar of ftones, all
drenched' with water, Elijah ordered them all to be
flain; 25-*^. (6) Thefe impoftors and ring
leaders in idolatry being^ flain, at Elijah's repeated
requeft, a plentiful rain falls ; of which he fore
warns Ahab, that he might firft gethome ; 41 — 46.
N D it came to pafs, after "many
days, that the word of the Lord
came to Elijah in the b third year, faying,
c Go, fhew thyfelf unto Ahab ; and I w
d will fend rain upon the earth. d peut.^.^, «,.
2 And Elijah went c to fhew himfelf ffSUi^ft.
unto Ahab. And there was a fore famine 'ff'"'
e Ht-b. 13.5,6.4= ;.
in Samaria. s-a/'-"**5'*
3 ^f And Ahab called Obadiah, who
was fthe governor of his houfe. (Now ^st":4'5' '*'''
Obadiah E feared the Lord greatly : ^Ifkln^t
4 For it was fo, when Jezebel hcut off ^.'itzV'sfts.
the prophets of the Lord, that Obadiah &'*
took an hundred prophets, and hid them h *"¦ I7' 4~s'
by fifty in a cave, and ; fed them with '^'i-'s'-'i" K
bread and water.)
5 And Ahab faid unto Obadiah, Go
into the land, unto all fountains of water,
and unto all brooks : peradventure we
may find k grafs to fave the horfes and k {%*{"'
mules alive, + that we lofe not all
beafts.

33. si.

frrf. file^.thatviecutna tbcbcetis.

Reflections uroN Chap. XVII. — God will have his wit
nefles in the worft of times, and will endue them with gifts and
graces proportionable to the difficulties with which they are called
to ftruggle. Great .and inexpreffible is the power of fervent prayer
with God. But it bodes ill for a people when God's prophets are
driven into corners, and when obfcurity becomes their duty by the
call of God. They who dare to be bold for God may truft him
with their protection; he will take care that they fhall not ftarve.
He can make the moft ravenous or the moft deftitute creatures on
earth to provide for them. When one created fource runs dry,
he can make another to break forth. And plentifully he rewards
thofe who cheerfully fupply the wants of his fervants. Yet to
what ftraits and perplexity may thofe who fear his name, or their
children, be reduced before he appear for their relief! But, in our
deepeft diftreffes, God is nearer to relieve us than we think: and
faith muft filence all obje&ions. A promife of God is inftead of

a thoufapd. .argum

cuts

The)', who can truft God with their all,

will find themfelves no lofers by him: and works of piety and cha
rity bring us again Our own with ufury. God often exercifes his
people with the he.ivieft trials after they have met with remarkable
favours. And, the more unexpected the ftroke, the harder it is
to be compofed under it at firft. In our troubles, how apt are we
to quarrel with our beft friends, and in our hafte to fpeak unad-
vifedly with our lips ! But it is more decent and becoming humbly
to fearch out, confefs and acknowledge our iin, which is the caufe
¦of them. And, if others be in trouble, our bufinefs is ti fympa
thize with them, and intercede with God in their favour. And
great is the mercy wh;n troubles and deliverances concur to
ftrengthen our faith and incrc:i!'e our knowledge. But how e^reat
the condefcenfion of God — he hath chofen the pec;- rich in f^ithv
and heirs of his kingdom ! Hove (jreat his f v-'reigntv in fi-Lvtiair
the monuments of his fpecial kindnefs! A Cm.uinitifh widow h
regarded, is honoured with miracles, when mukituJcs in Ifrael, as
deftitute as her, are overlooked !
X x x 2

Elijah orders to gather

I. KING

the prophets ofBaat.

Before Ch' iit
co6.

6 So they divided the land between
them to pafs throughout it. Ahab went
one way by himfelf, and Obadiah went
another way ' by himfelf.
7 ^f And, as Obadiah was m in the way,
behold, Elijah met him: and he knew
11 Gen. 18. Z. Sc 50. , . - J 
18. 1 Sam. 23.41. him,

1 Gen. 39. 4.
m'Ch. 11.29. 2 Kin,
J. 8.

2 Sam. 10. 18
J-Iim. 5. 17,

and n fell on his face, and faid,
Art thou that my lord Elijah ?
8 And he anfwered him, lam: go,
.Aha*, ver. j. tell fay ofa^ Behold, Elijah is here.
*Iukes^&£ 9 And he faid, p What have*I finned,
that thou wouldeft deliveFThy fervant
into the hand of Ahab to flay me ?
'iV.Sj? 1 o *As the Lord thy God liveth, there
39. & 19. 6. & 29. . . , . f- i-i
t-&7-'i?i2fver'. 1S no nation or kingdom, r whither my
1S" lord hath not fent to feek thee : and,
ipr. 10. » & 69. 26.
Jer. 26
John 5,

\.<t~H' when thoy faid, He is not there, he took
an oath of the kingdom and nation, that
they found thee not.
1 1 And now thou fayeft, Go tell thy
lord, Behold, Elijah is here.
1 2 And it fhall come to pafs, as foon as
I am gone from thee, that the Spirit of
'Sc'.Vh. a^ the Lord $ fhall carry thee whither I
know not; andyo, when I come and tell
Ahab, and he cannot find thee, he fhall
flay me ; but I thy fervant fear the Lord
t*3c*l:,4i;n.I%f f™m my youth.
Ives^MzZ.AC l3 WSS lt n0t t0ld my lOTd " What 1
-az.sczS. 35- did when Jezebel flew the prophets of the
Lord, how I hid an hundred men of the
Lord's prophets by fifty in a cave, and
fed them with bread and water ?
1 4 And now thou fayeft, Go, tell thy
lord, Behold, Elijah is here:, and he fhall
flay me.
*%af(\\o?7t''sc J5 And Elijah faid, As the x Lord of
^•2'&^;,°- hofts liveth, before whom * I ftand, I will
2j.'r!cut.i.ejii.& jfurely fhew myfelf unto him to-day.
16 So Obadiah went to meet Ahab,
and told him : and Ahab went to meet
Elijah. 1 7 ^f And it came to pafs, when Ahab
faw Elijah, that Ahab faid unto him, Art
'lfl\&f6*%. thou he that "troubleth Ifrael?
%&$%.**& i8 And he anfwered, I a have not
.Afl!^. j,. Mat. troubled Ifrael; but thou and thy fa-
2 sam. flct'i e™'. tlier' s houfe", in that ye have forfaken the
il;.U\l'z°l'\"l commandments of the Lord, -and thou
haft followed Baalim.

19 Now therefore fetid, and gather to ™°;Tm
me all Ifrael unto mount Carmel ; and "* '
the b prophets of Baal four hundred and b^V||
fifty, and the prophets of the groves four >°-V' '
hundred, which eat at Jezebel's table*
20 So Ahab fent unto all the children
of Ifrael, and gathered the prophets to
gether unto mount Carmel.
2 1 ^f And Elijah came unto all the
people, and faid, c How long halt ye c1^\-^lCf-
between two opinions ? if the Lord be ^^-'i-
God, follow him; but if Baal, then follow
him. And the people anfwered d him s\T;fQftflji%
not a word. fiL^i.4****
22 Then faid Elijah unto the. people,
I, c even I only, remain a prophet ofthe eChi*,o<i4.
Lord ; but Baal's prophets are s four fvi'ixSfg:ta'
hundred and fifty men.
23 Let them therefore give us two bul
locks ; and let them choofe one bullock
for themfelves, and cut it in pieces, and ,
lay it on wood, and put ho fire under:
and I will drefs the other bullock, and
lay it on wood, and put.no fire under:
24 And call ye on the name of your
gods, and I will call on the name of the
Lord : and the God that * anfwereth ^r^cV.,!1,':
by fire, let him be God. And all the & A". iW»-
people anfwered and faid, It is well
fpoken. 25 ^f And Elijah faid unto the prophets
of Baal, Choofe ye one bullock for your
felves, and drefs it firft ; for ye are many -:
and call on the name of your gods ; but
put no fire under.
26 And they took the bullock which
was given them, and they dreffed it, and
called on the name of Baal from morning
even until noon, faying, O Baal, + hear -f0r"">'r-
T-> , . 7 h • h Pf. 115. 5. If. 44.
us. But there was h no voice, nor any i7. &«?»-,££
that * anfwered. And they " leaped upon *f?:£-f£"\
the altar which was made tor»w.
27 And it came to pafs at noon that "^j^Ki*
Elijah j mocked them, and faid, Cry i«i.»2. i5. 2ci.r.
, J , . ', . . ...? , < 25. 8. Eccl. 11. oi
aloud ; for he is a god : either ' he is ]£%¦£&&!%
talking, or he is purfuing, or he is in a "'
&' , r in 1 1, 1 * Ot he meditatetK
journey, or peradventure hetleepeth Kand kPf.BI.4.
muft be awaked.
28 And they cried aloud, and l cut 1¥4!'.!9Mc8;£'7f
themfelves after their manner with knives E"k' ,6, l6.

Trial whether Jehovah or Baal be God. CHAP. XVIII.
angaria ftn(j 1ancetS} fa\ faQ blood gU|hed OUt
" upon them. \
29 And it came to pafs, when mid-day
'.Aa's'i'o'.it]; was- paft, and they m prophefied until the
time- of the offering of the evening facri-
n4-7,0&si35f'i's- fice, that there was n neither voice, nor
j«or.sIm4'.3&9i2. any to anfwer, nor any that regarded.
z. II. 45- 20. & 46. ¦> J J p
30 And Llijah faid unto all the people,

Jehovah's divinity is proved-

m 1 Sam.
ii. 10,
17-

i, A. Hab. 1. 19.

0 Ch. 19. 10, 14,
z Kin, 16. 17.

p Jofh. 4. 10. Ezra 6.
17. Exod. 24. 4. &
x. 2 — j 1 Cor. 1.
10. Eph. 4. j— 6.

q Gen. 32. 28.1 Kin
17. 34.

rjfedg.£X;4. 1 Sam.
7. 9, 17. 1 Cop. 10.
31. Col. 3. 17.
i Pet, 4. 11. Mic.
4- 5* ver. 36.

s-Geh.12.9. Lev. 1,

tj«dg. 6- 10.

great

t'Heb. ttwKf.
-tt Ver. 32,38.

x E2ra 9. 5. Exod.
29, 39, 41.

7 Ren. 26. 24. Exod.
3.6. 1 Chr. 29. 18.
»Pf. 9. 16. & 58. II.
&83.18. Jolh. 24.
17, ^3.-Eko4«22.
16. John 3. 2. Heb.
1.4-

a Ver. 24, 29, 36-.
Phil. 4.6. John 14,
13,14. PI. 65. I.

Come near unto me. And all the people
came near unto- him. And he repaired
the altar of the Lord that was "broken
dowm 3 1 And ^Elijah took p twelve ftones,
according to the number of the tribes of
the fons of Jacob, unto whom the word
of the Lord came, faying, q Ifrael fliall
be thy name :
32 And with the ftones- he rbuilt an
altar in the name of the Lord : and he
made a trench about the altar, as
as would contain two meafures of feed.
22 And he s put the wood in order,
and cut the bullock in pieces, and laid
him on the woody and faid, Fill four
barrels with water, and 'pour it on the
burnt facrifice, and on the wood.
34 And' he faid, Do it the fecond time.
And they did it the fecond time. And
he faid, Do it the third time. And they
did it the third time..
25 And the water + ran round about
the altar ; and he filled the u trench alfo
with- water.
36 And it- came to pafs, x at the time
of the offering of the evening facrifice,
that Elijah the prophet came near, and
faid, - y Lord God of Abraham, Ifaac,
and of Ifrael, * let it be known this day
that thou art God in Ifrael, and that I am
thy fervant, and that I have done all thefe
things at thy word.
2jy a Hear me, O Lord, hear me, that
this people may know that thou art the

Lord God, and -that thou haft b turned

Before- Chrift
906.
b Jer. 10. 2j. Sc si.
18. 1 Thef. 1.9.
c Lev. 9. 24. Judg. 6.
21. 1 Chr. 21. 26.
2 Chr. 7. 1.

Reflections upon Chap. XVIIL — God can turn a fruitful
land into.barrennefs for the fins of them that dwell therein : but
judgments, inftead of humbling, enrage the impenitent. When
perfecutors cannot wreck their malice and fury on God, they do
it upon his fer'vaiiK. But what a mercy is it that God, even in
wicked courts, hath thofe who fear him and protect his minifters.
It is very honourable when faints are fo faithful in relative duties,
that fuch who hate their religion cannot but fhow them diftin-

d fell on their faces : and e they faid,
Lqm>, he is the God ; the Lord,

their heart back again.
38 c Then the fire of the Lord fell,
and confumed the brirnt facrifice, and
the wood, and the ftones, and the duft,
and licked up the water that zuas in the
trench. 39 And, when all the people faw it,
theyThe J_/OM>, i
he is thejEod.
40 AndiRijah faid unto them, fTake
the prophets of Baal ; let not one of them
efcape. And they took them : and Elijah
brought them down to the brook EKifhon,
and flew them there. .
41 f And Elijah faid unto Ahab, Get
thee up, h'eat- and drink ; for there is a
found of abundance of rain.
42 So Ahab went up to eat and to drink.
And 'Elijah went up to the top of Car
mel ; and k he caft himfelf down upon the k lTJ*f£#:
earth, and put his face between his knees, V^tf.itkf
l\2 And faid to his fervant, l Go up ipij.j. Luke ,8.1
now, look toward the fea. And he went
up, and looked, and faid, There is no
thing. , And he. faid, m Go again, feven
times. 44 And it came to pafsr at the feventh
time, that he faid, Behold, there arifeth
n a little cloud out of the fea, like a man's
hand. And he faid, Go up, fay unto
Ahab, * Prepare thy chariot, and get thee ****** ««"*•
down, that the rain flop thee not,
45 And it came to pafs, in the .mean
while, that the heaven was black with
clouds and wind, and "there was a great "Vf&Sfg
rain. And Ahab rode, and went to
p Jezreel. 46 And the q hand of the Lord was P jofh. i9. is. ch
Elijah; and he r girded up his loins, q:

d Lev. g. 24. Jed?.
13. 20. iChr. 21.
16.
e Ver. 24. Hof. 6. 4.
John 5. 35.
f Or apprehend. Jer.
4S. 10. 2 Kin. 10.
25. Deur. 13. 5. Sc
iS. 20. Song 2. 15.
Rev. 2. 2.

g See Judg. 4. 7, 13.
&5-".«".*3.9>

h Jofh. 7. 6. 2 Sam.
21. 14. Afls 27. 34.
Eccl. 9. 7. ' *

i Mat. 17. j. AS? 1,0.
9-

m Gcn~32. 26- Hab.
2. 3. Luke IS. 1.
Eph. 6. 18. Heb.
10. 36, 37.

11 Zech. 4. 10. Sc 19.
¦ I. JotUi. 7/ If. Go.

39, 40. Jam.
c. 16. Mal. 3. 10.
Joel 2.23. Jer. 10.
13. Sc 51. 16.' Jota
37- ci-

OIl

and ran before Ahab to
Jezreel.

the entrance

r ' 1. 3- Sc 3. 14.
r 2 Kin. 0. t. Jer. '
17. iPet. 1. 13.
Heb. 12. 1.

guifhed regard ; and when perfons in high ftation lay out their in
fluence or wealth for the fupport of God's faithful minifters and
people. But God often, when his people's condition is feemingly
defperate, raifes up helpers where they could be leaft expected. It
is proper that faints be cautious in dealing with enraged perfecu
tors : but fometimes they are apt to overdo in their caution. The
faithful fervants of Chrift are often calumniated as enemies to the
ftate: and, even when they bring the beft of tidings, the imperii-

Terrified by Jezebel, Elijah fees ;

I. KINGS. is rebuked of God, and caufed to return.

Before Chrift
906.

CHAP. XIX.

To punifh the Ifraelites' infinccrlty and inconflancy in
their reformation, God again drives Elijah, their
great- infirutlor, into corners. ( 1 ) Frighted by the
threatenings of Jezebel, his fworn enemy, he flees far
fouthward to the Arabian defert ; 1,3. (2) Anudfl
his wandering and wearinefs of life the Lord won
derfully fir engthens him by miraculoufly feeding him
ut Beer-fheba; 4 — 8-. (3) At mount Sinai God
meets him; rebukes him for deferting his work in If
rael; appoints him to anoint Hazael, Jehu, and
Eliflna -, and affures him that therJ^et remained
feven thoufand worjhipper's of the tj^MfJod.in Ifrael;
¦"ao, — 18. (4) He is fcarcely retfcWedto the land of
Ifrael when Elijha joins him as an affjflant ;
19 — 21.
AND Ahab told Jezebel a all that Eli
jah had done, and withal how he
had flain all the prophets with the fword.
2 Then Jezebel fent a meffenger unto
Elijah, faying, b So let the gods do tome,
and more alfo, if I make not thy life as
the life of one of them by * to-morrow
about this time.
3 And, when he faw that, d he arofe,
eoen.21.31. j„dg. and went for his life, and came to c Beer-
fheba, which belongeth to Judah, and left
his fervant there.
4 ^f * But he himfelf went a day's jour

a Ch. 18. 19—40.

bHuth 1. 17. ch. z.
z-t.Sc to. to. Act:
23.12. Exod. 15. 9.

eProv. 1.16. &4.T6
&2. T4,J5.If. 59.
7. icom. 3. 15.,
d iSam. 27. i. Mat,
26 56.2C0r.11. 7.

Ho was afraid to
continuein Judea,
phaatuwascAhS?"B ney into> the wildernefs, and came and

friend.

»-ch. 13.14. Gen. 21. f f*at down under a juniper tree: and he
.5'. john'4.6.' ' req\jefl:ed s for himfelf that he might die ;
8 K'ni'ii?"^' job and faid, It is enough ; now, O Lord,
3.1. Jam. 3. 2. ' O '
take away my life ; for I am not better
than my fathers.
5 And, h as he lay and flept under
a juniper tree, behold, then an angel
touched him, and faid unto him, Arife
and eat.
6 And he looked, and, behold, there

J> Gen. 28. 11—16.
Heb. 1. 14. Sc 13
5-

tent brand them as their troublers. But they, who by their fins
provoke God againft a nation, are the real troublers of it, and
ought faithfully to be told it. God can overrule the hearts of his
moft inveterate enemies, and make them to grant what his fervants
demand for his honour. Unfettled notions of religion lead to un-
fouud practices : and there can be no communion betwixt Chrift
and Belial. Let us then never, in inclination, profcvfion, or prac
tice, halt between God and his rivals. Nor muft the minifters of
Chrift bs. difcouraged when they fee multitudes againft them : it
is enough that God is on their fide. He can take the wife, in their
own craftinefs, and turn the counfel ofthe froward headlong; and
the hope of the hypocrite perifhes. It is a poor religion that con-
fifts chiefly in externals ; and a devilifti one that requires inhu
man feverities. Nothing, neither difappointment nor public

was ' a cake baken on the coals, and a
crufe of water at his + head. And he
did eat and drink, and laid him down

again.

Before Chrift
906.
i Heb. 13. 5. If. 33,
16.Pf.37. 3- &!4.
9, 10. Sc in. 5,
Mat.- 6. 26 — 33.
f Heb. hclflcr.

y And the angel of the Lord came
again the fecond time, and touched him,
and faid, Arife and eat ; k becaufe the
journey is too great for thee.
8 And he arofe, and did eat and drink,
and went in the l ftrength of that meat
m forty days and forty nights unto n Ho
reb the mount of God.
9 ^f And he came thither unto ° a
cave, and lodged there; andybehold, the
word of the Lord caine to him, and he
faid unto him, ? What doft thou here,
Elijah ?
10 And he faid, I have been q very
jealous for the Lord God of hofts : for
r the children of Ifrael have forfaken thy
covenant, thrown down thine altars, and
flain thy prophets with the fword ; and
s I, even I onlv, am left ; and they feek
my life to take it away.
1 1 And he faid, Go forth, and l ftand
upon the mount before the Lord. And,
behold, u the Lord paffed by, and a great
and ftrong wind rent the mountains, and
brake in pieces the rocks before the
Lord ; x but the Lord was not in the
wind : and after the wind an earthquake ;
but the Lord was not in the earthquake :
1 2 And after the earthquake a fire ;
but the Lord was not in the fire : and
after the fire y a ftill fmall voice :
13 And it was fo, when Elijah heard
//, that * he wrapped his face in his
mantle, and went out, and ftood in the

k Pf. 103. 13, 14,
Dent. 33. 25.
I Cor. 9. 7. & i0,
13- 2 Cor. 12. g.

I Dai. 1.15. Hab. j.
19. Mat. 4.4, Phil.
4. 13. 2 Cor. 12.9.
m Exod.34. 28. Mat.
4. 2. Mal. 4. 2.
n Exod. 3. 1. & ig.
18.
0 Exod. 33, 21, 22.
Jer. 9. 2. Heb. n.

p Ver. 13. Gen. 16. 8.

q Num. 25. 11. Pf.
67.9. & 119.139.
John 2. 17.
rHof. 5. n. Mic. 6.
16. ch. 18. a, 3c.
ver. 14.

s Rom. II. 3. ch. 18,
22, ver. 14.

t Exod. 19. 20. Sc 24.
18.&34.2. & 33.

u Exod. 33. 2T, 22.
Sc 34 6. Pf. 50. 3.
Sc 97. 2 — 5. Nah.
1. 3-6.

x Exod. ij.t8. Ezek.
3. tz.Sc 37. 9. Pi".
50. 3-5.

y 2cch. 4. 6. Acta 1.
37—39- Job 4. 16.
Exod. 34. 6.
zCen. 16. J3. & 18.
27. Exod. 3. 6. Sc
33. 23. If. 6. 2, 5.

fhame, will undeceive thofe whom God hath given up to ftrong
delufions. But how condefcending was it in God to put his own
pre-eminence, or rather Godhead, to the trial! Gracioufly he an
fwers the fervent prayers of his zealous fervants; and glorioufly he
overcomes when he is judged. Dreadful is the ruin of fuch as
obftinately difpute his fupremacy. But, when falfe prophets and
evil minifters are removed from a land, God will return and
refrefh it. Secret, importunate, and repeated, prayers muft indeed
be ufed to draw down the promifed bleffings; and great mercies
may arife from the very fmalleft beginnings. But diftinguifhed
humility and dependence upon an-all-ftrengthjning God ought to
attend upon, and flow from, the receipt of fuch molt diftinguifhing
honours.

Ordered to anoint Ifrael and Jehu.

CHAP. XIX.

Elf ha follows Elijah.

Before Chrift
90$.

a Veivg. Gen. 16. 8.

t* Ver. 10. Rom. 11
3. Pt. fia.g.8ct tt;
139- H.62. I, 6.
John 2. 17.

entering in of the cave : and, behold,
there came a voice unto him, and faid,
„ ," ,??5-.7S' a What doft thou here, Elijah ?
14 And he faid, -b I, have been very
jealous for the Lord God of hofts : be
caufe the children of Ifrael have forfaken
thy covenant, thrown down thine altars,
and flain thy prophets with the fword ;
and I, even I only, am left ; and they feek
my life to take it away.
1 5 And the Lord faid unto him, Go,
return on thy way to the u wildernefs of
Damafcus ^and, when thou comeft,.
d anoint HaBael to be king over Syria :
1 6 And e Jehu the fon of Nimfhi fhalt
thou anoint to be king over Ifrael : and
f Elifha the fon of Shaphat, of * Abel-
meholah, fhalt thou anoint to be prophet
in thy room.
17 And it fliall come to pafs, that
him that efcapeth h the fword of Hazael
fhall Jehu flay; and him that efcapeth
from the ' fword of Jehu fhall k Elifha
flay. 1 8 ' Yet I have left me feven thoufand
in Ifrael, all the knees which have not
bowed unto Baal, and every mouth which
hath not ra kifled him.
1 9 flff So he departed thence, and found
Elifha the fon of Shaphat, who zvas plow
ing with twelve yoke tf oxen before him,
and n he with the twelfth : and Elijah
paffed by him, and caft his ° mantle upon
him.

c Con. 14. 15.

ft Jer. 1. 10. 2 Kin. 8
¦5-
e 2 Kin. 9. 1, 2, 4.

f Luke 4. 27. called
Eli eus. Vet. 19—
21.'
gCh.4. 12.

h2Kin. 8. 12. &10.
32. & 11. T7,i8.&
13. 3, 7, 22.

i 2 Kin. ix. x. Amos
z. 14. If. 24. 18.
,Jer. 48. 44.
k Jer. 1. 10. Hof. 6.
5. 2 Kin. 14. 17. 8c
jo. 32. & 13 3. If.
II. 4-
1 Rom. 11. 4. If. 1.9".
SC IO, 20— Z2.
m Job 31. 27. Hof.
IJ.2.

11 Amos 7. 14. Pf. 78.
70,71. Exod. 3. t.
Judg, 6. II. Mat.
4. 18, 11.
• 2Kin. 2 .8, 13.
ver. 13.

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — The promoters of falfe
worfhip defperately hate thofe who zealoufly oppofe their defigns.
And no perfecutor is more malicious or furious than a profane
woman. How weak and fpiritlefs are the greateft zealots for God
when left to themfelves ! Elijah had juft commanded both king and
fubjeds : now he ihrinks for fear of a dignified harlot. But it is
mean to defire death as a refuge from diftrefs ; and to feek to
die, like a wandering fheep, in the wildernefs, while fhunning the
honourable death of a martyr for God at Jezreel ! When men im
patiently wilh for death they are ordinarily in a frame very unfit for
it ; and would be ready to recall their wifli if God were to grant
it.. We ought never to defert the path of duty, though it lead us
through the valley of the lhadow of death. However dark provi
dences appear, we muft never defpair. We know not what fur
ther work God may have for us. To defire to be with Chrift is
laudable; but to be weary of our warfare is finful. But God
kindly overlooks the infirmities of his people; vifits them when on
the brink of defpair ; and lays meat before them when they fham'e-
fully defert his fervice. Such as are travelling to Horeb, to the
mount of God' in. heaven, will find ftrength miniftered to them for

ran

Before Chrift
906.

p Mat. 4. 20. See), g.
Sc 8. zi, 22. & 19.
27, Luke 9. 61, 62.

20 And he ' left the oxen, and
after Elijah, and faid, Let me, I pray thee,
kits my father and my mother, and then
I will follow thee. And he faid unto him,
Go back again ; for what have I done to
thee ?
21 And he returned back from him,
and took a yoke of oxen, and flew them,
and 1 boiled their flefh with the inftru- qisam.24.22
ments QJ|^he oxen, and r gave unto the ^tlf1*1''
people, Infljthey did eat : then he arofe,
and went Iffer Elijah, and miniftered
unto him.

XX.

CHAP
While Elijah and Elifha, his new affiftant, were occu-
- pied in founding and diretling colleges of young pro
phets for reforming the nation, Ahab, having ceafed
his perfecution, is favoured with remarkable vic
tories over the Syrians, but abufies them. Here
( 1 ) Ben-hadad invades the land of Ifrael, and infio-
lently demands to have whatever he or his fervants
Jhould require of Ahab . or his people ; and, being
refufed, threatens immediate deftruclion ; I — 12.
(2) Encouraged and direcled by a prophet, Ahab-
and an handful of Ifraelites defeat the huge hofl of
the Syrians; 13 — 21. (3) The Syrians, imagin
ing that the God of Ifrael could not affift his people in
the plains, again invade the country ; but, to punifh
their blafphemy, are almoft entirely cut off; 11 — 30.
(4) By humble fupplication, Ben-hedad procures
from Ahab a covenant of friendfhip; 31 — 34; for-
which (5) A prophet, perhaps Micaiah, firft in a
parable, and afterwards more plainly, denounces
almoft utter deftruclion to Ahab and his kingdom by
the Syrians; 35 — 43. About 901.
AND a Ben-hadad the king of Syria "^ 15.20. 2 k«i,
gathered all his hoft together : and
there were

. . bGen.J4.I,2.Jofh.
b thirty and two kings with Jf-^-2*- Juds-

their journey, and angels to be their miniftering fpirits. To en-
couraoe their own peevifh frowardnefs, faints are apt- to think mat
ters in the church worfe than they really are. But whom the
Lord loves he will rebuke and chaften, he will direct and further
employ. No place can exclude his gracious manifeftations. It is
the folly of human weaknefs to be difcouraged for want of fuccefs
in God's work. The fufficiency. of the power is of God, not of
ourfelves. They, that would be. faithful for God. in bad times,,
muft put their l.ves in their, hands, and be ready to die for him. —
In the moft terrible manner God often introduces his moft. mild
and gracious intimations. God's faints are generally few; but
they are often' more numerous, in times of general apoftafy, than
good men think; and all of them are under, the fpecial knowledge
and care of God. It bod^s i'l when God's favourites- become
interceflbrs againft a people. We may expeff.. quickly. to fee or
hear of inftruments of God's wrath. raifed up to deftroy them: for
in his due time God will avenge his people, and that fpeedily.
Never can he want agents for h's work,. whether of mercy or judg
ment. None can refift his efreiiual and heart-touching call : and
no earthly cares can detain. them from his fervice.-

-m

Ben-hadad infolently befiege s Samaria :

I. KINGS.

is defeated by Ahab.

flefo-'e Ch 111
cci.
0 Lev. -6.25. Deut.
t."i. 52. iKin. 6-
24, 25. & 17- S, 6-
i It. 36. 2, 3. & 37,
V, 10. 7 Kin. 18. 4.
ei 19. 9. '

eExod. 15. 9. ver. 5.
Prov. 16. 18. Sc
j8.il.

him, and horfes, and chariots. And he
went up and c befieged Samaria, and
warred againft it.
2 And he d fent meffengers to Ahab
king of Ifrael into the city, and faid
unto him, Thus faith Ben-hadad,
3 Thy e filver and thy gold is mine ;
thy wives alfo and thy children, even the
goodlieft, are mine,

-4

And the king of Ifrae

fsr— . 7. Deut.

* Heb. ieftmhit.

mCh. 19. 2, Afls 23.
12.
11 If. 36. 12. 2 Sam.
17. 13. We'.y-'iil
carry off every
thing. _

infwered
and faid. My lord, O kinaSKpcording
'to thy faying, f I am thine^mtT all that
I have. 5 And the meffengers came again, and
faid, Thus fpeaketh Ben-hadad, faying,
Although I have fent unto thee, faying,
j d=uf. 28. 29-48. s Thou fhalt deliver me thy filver, and
2. Sam. 24. 14. J J
KTsflilsllscW. thy gold, and thy wives, and thy chil-
6, 7, 12. & 10. %, 3
,4. & 11. 2, 28. sc eiren ;
21: ii 14.il: :&iS: 6 Yet I will fend my fervants unto thee
to-morrow about this time, and they
fhall fearch thine houfe, and the houfes
of thy fervants ; and it fhall be, that
whatfoever is * pleafant in thine eyes, they
fhall put it in their hand, and take it
away.
hPTov1',,5'.4h&i5: 7 Then the king of Ifrael called h all
n.t%tz%lfhr' the elders of the land, and faid, Mark, I
iPirTi'in''69;?Rom.' Pra"y vou» an(l l~ee how this man ' feeketh
3.13-18. ir. 59- 7- mifchief: for he fent unto me for my
wives,, and for my children, and for my
^f.mhmlvll'.i filver, and for my gold ; and I k denied
him not.
8 And all the elders and all the people
1 ver, 6. faid. unto him, l Hearken not unto him,
nor confent.
9 Wherefore he faid unto the meffen
gers of Ben-hadad, Tell my lord the
king, All that thou didft fend for to thy
fervant at the firft I will do; but this
thing I may not do. And the meffen
gers departed, and brought him word
again. 10 And Ben-hadad fent unto him., and
faid, mThe gods do fo unto me, and more
alfo, if the duft of Samaria fhall n fuffice
for handfuls for aft the people that
°lttiuTX ° follow me.
*• IO' 1 1 And the king of Ifrael anfwered
" zH?£t7?i°': and laid, Tell him, ? Let not him that

girdeth on his harnefs boaft himfelf as he
that putteth it off.
12 And it came to pafs, when Ben-
hadad heard this + meflage, (as he was
1 drinking, he and the kings in the + pa
vilions,) that he faid to his fervants, H Set
yourfelves in array. And they fet them
felves in array againft the city.
13 5f And, r behold, there * came a
'prophet unto Ahah king of Ifrael, faying,
Thus faith the Lord, Haft thou feen all
this great multitude ? behold, I will de
liver it into thine hand this day; and
J thou fhalt know that I anwnxe Lord.
14 And Ahab faid, By whom ? And
he faid, Thus faith the Lord, Even by

Before Chrflt
901.

t Heb. ward.
c\ Ch. 16. 9. Dan. j,
z, 30. ver. 16.
Prov. 31. 4,5.
% Or tents.
II Or Place the en-
gines. And they
f laced engines.
rPf. 46. 1,7,11. If.
33. 22—24. Gen.
22. 14. Deut. 32,
36.
* Heb. appritichtd.

s Vet. 28. Pf. 7. 16.
&9. 15, 16.&83.
18. If. S. 9, to.

the

young

men of the princes of the
Then he faid, Who fhall
battle ? And he anfwered,

t Or fervantsc Judg.
7. 2. I Cor. I. 27.
28.

JI Heb. hind, or tic.
U2Sam, 17,1—3,11.

X2Kin. 13. 7. with
ch. 19. it. Pf. i-iS.
40—43.
y Eccl. 10. i6. Prov.
23. 29 — 32. & 31.
4, 5. ver. 12. en.
16. 0. Dan. 5. 2,
20. Luke 21. 34.

provinces.II order the
u Thou. 1 5 Then he numbered the young men
of the princes of the provinces, and they
were two hundred and thirty-two : and
after them he numbered all the people,
even all the children of Ifrael, being x feven
thoufand. 16 And they went out at noon. ?But
Ben-hadad was drinking himfelf drunk
in the pavilions, he and the kings, the
thirty and two kings that helped him.
1 7 And the young men of the princes
of the provinces went out firft : and
Ben-hadad fent out, and they told him,
faying, There are men come out of Sa
maria. 18 And he faid, * Whether they be
come out for peace, take them alive ; or "•
whether they be come out for war, take
them alive.
1 9 So thefe young men of the princes
ofthe provinces came out ofthe pity, and
the army which followed them.
20 And they flew a every one his ^'¦'¦¦^¦"¦'"¦^
man : and the Syrians b fled ; and Ifrael
purfued them : and Ben-hadad the king
of Syria efcaped ton ari horfe with the
horfemen. 2 1 And the king of Ifrael c went out,
and fmote the horfes and chariots, and
flew the Syrians with a great flaughter.

T 1 Sam. 2. 3, 4. Pf.

32. &

PlO

10.13, & IS.

bPf.33.16.Lev.2S, 8. Jofh. 23. 10.

c Judg. 3.28. 1 Sam.
I4. 22, 2;. 2 Kil.
J. |8t«4.

By an handful of forces Ahab gives
22 f And the d prophet came to the
and faid unto him, Go,
mark, and fee
thou doft ; for f at the return of
the year the king of Syria will come up

G H A P. XX.

Before Chrift
901.
~ king of Ifrael, and faid unto
' c ftrengthen thyfelf, and f

••'• ii>
haps Mi'
22. 8.

e Pf. 46,,. Sc 27.,, what

Rom. 8. j 1. Prov.
iii. 10. & 20. 18.
f iSam. ir. r. 1 Chr.
ZO. I. Z Chr. 26,
TO. If. 26. II.
Prtv. %j. y.

againft thee.
, 22 And the

g Ch. 74. *?• If"- 41-
8. Pi", so. 21, 22.
Sc 121. i, 2.

h Job 5.12, .3.
. Prov. 11. 50. Pf.
3J. io, 10. & 20. 7.

• Heb. that wai
failtn.

900.

i Jofh. 13. 4. & 19.
jr. Judg. I. 31.
ver. 30.
f Heb.fo the war with
Ifrael.
} Or vttre viiluallid.

It Judg. 6. 5. Jer. 17.
5. Pf. 33. 16. &
20. 7.
1 Ver. 13. 12. l€hr.
20. 14—17, 20.

mPf.7.6.&74. 10,
n. if. 37. 4,17,23,
29. Hoi. 7. 16. Pf.
46.6,7.

n If. 42.8. & 37. 29.
Ezek. 36- 2i, 22.
Pi. 50. 21, 21. &
$4. li', II.

> i fcam, ?7- 3, 16.
jofh. 6. 15.

p Ver. 20. Pf. 107.
42. If. 26 11.
, iSam. 2.3,4. Lev,
26. v. joit". . 23. io.

4 If. 14. 18. Jer. 48.
44. Amos 5. 19. Sc
a- 14. & 9. 1—4.

Vol. I.

fervants of the king of
Syria faid unto him, g Their gods are gods
of the hills, therefore they were ftronger
than we; but let us fight againft them
. , Cl &
in the plain, and furely we fliall be
ftronger than they.
24 And^o this thing, h Take the
kings away^fevery man out of his place,
and put captWns in their -rooms :
25 And number thee an army, like
the army * that thou haft loft, horfe for
horfe, and chariot for chariot : and we
will fight againft them in the plain, and
furely we fliall be ftronger than they.
And he hearkened unto their voice, and
did fo.
26 And it came to pafs, at the return
of the year, that Ben-hadad numbered
the Syrians, and went up ' to Aphek + to
fight againft Ifrael.
27 And the children of Ifrael were
numbered, and * were all prefent, and
went againft them : and the children of
Ifrael pitched before them like two little
flocks of kids; but the Syrians k filled the
country. 28 ^f And there came x a man of God,
and fpake unto the king of Ifrael, and
faid, Thus faith the Lord, m Becaufe the
Syrians have faid, The Lord is God of
the hills, but he is not God ofthe valleys,
"therefore will I deliver all this great
multitude into thine hand, and ye fhall
know that I am the Lord.
29 And they pitched one over againft
the other ° feven days. And fo it was,
that in the feventh day the battle was
joined : and the children of Ifrael flew of
the Syrians p an hundred thoufand foot
men in one day.
30 But the reft fled to Aphek, into
the city; 1 and there a wall fell upon
twenty and feven thoufand of the men
that were left. And Ben-hadad fled,

Ben-hadad 's army another fignal defeat.
into the city into an

r inner

Before Chrift
900.

II Or 1 r .tn chamber tt
chamber.
r Heb. int, a chamber
within a chamber.
Ch. 22. 25. Dan.
4. 47. Job 40. II,
11. 1 Pet. 5.5.

i Ver. 3-t5. Pf. II.
2. Job 40. 12.6V 11.
17, 18. Dan. 4. jj.

and came
chamber. 31 ^f And his fervants faid unto him,
Behold now, we have heard that the kings
of the houfe of Ifrael are merciful kings ;
let us, I pray thee, put fackcloth on our
loins, and ropes upon our heads, and go
out to the king of Ifrael ; peradventure
he will fave thy life.
32 So^|^y girded s fackcloth on their ^fffi^J-ff-
loins, arujK^ ropes on their heads, an^L
came to^Prfe Tang of Ifrael, and faid, Thy
' fervant Ben-hadad faith, I pray thee, left
me live. And he faid, Is he yet alivd?
he is my brother. '¦.{
22 Now the men did diligently obferve
whether any thing would come from him,
and did haftily catch it: and they faid,
Thy brother Ben-hadad. Then he faid,
Go ye, bring him. Then Ben-hadad
came forth to him ; and he caufed him to
come up into the chariot.
34 And Ben-hadad faid unto him,
u The cities which my father took from
thy father I will reftore, and thou fhalt
make ftreets for thee in Damafcus, as
my father made in Samaria. Then faid
Ahab, I will fend thee away with this
covenant. So x he made a covenant with
him, and fent him away.
25 % And a certain man of the y fons y,Sam-,a "•
of the prophets faid unto his neighbour
in the word of the Lord, * Smite me, I * J£
pray thee. And the man refufed to fmite
him. 36 Then faid he unto him, 'Becaufe,^-.i,;S1*
thou haft not obeyed the voice of the
Lord, behold, as foon as thou art de
parted from me a lion fhall flay thee. And
as foon as he was departed from him a lion
found him, and flew him.
37 Then he found another man, and
faid, b Smite me, I pray thee
man fmote him, + fo that in fmiting he
wounded him.
" 38 So the prophet departed, and waited
for the king by the way, and cdifguifed cCh''4'l,&",J*
himfelf with afhes upon his face.
39 And as the king paffed by he cried
unto the king : and he d faid, Thy fer-
Yyy

u As ch.15 .10. Or
perhaps theie nrs
Ahab's words.

x Ver. 42. If. 26. IO.
&28.I5.

15. ver. 38. If. «.
18. 20. 3, 4. & S.
Mat. 16. 24.
Prov. 27. 6. ver.
37.

2 Kin. 2. 23, 24.
clu 22. 34, 37.
vtthch, 13. 24.

Andthe*!E:5:#

1*

X Heb. fnist'mg and
wcundinf*

d 2 Sam. 12. 1 — 7. &
M- J— 7- Jud£. 9.
7—20.

Ahab threatened for fparing Ben-hadad. I. KINGS.

Ahab covets Naboth's vineyard.

Before Chrift
900.

f Keb. stse'th.

X Heb. he was net.

vant went out into the midft of the battle,
" and, behold, a man turned afide, and
.^brought a man unto me, and faid, Keep
' tdaisman : if by any means he be miffing,
tBe^lhall thy life be for his life, or elfe
thou fhalt + pay a talent of filver.
40 And, as thy fervant was bufy here
and there, + he was gone. And the king
Ifrael faid unto him, e So Jhall thy
1 it.
4 i And he hafted and toJ^Phe afhes
-?fcay from his face ; and the*rfSpbf Ifrael
erned him that he was ofthe prophets.
2 And he faid unto him, Thus faith
r1sam.1s9.ch.22. tl^e Lord, Becaufe fthouhaft let go out
34 — 37. 2 Kin. vi. ',. - '
iz%ffs?ti%™\ of thy hand a man

a 2 Sam. 12. 5, 6. Job rX
15.6. Luke 19.21. yL
}%VsctH- judgment be; thyfelf haft dec

is.

| Heb. tf my turfe.

whom I appointed
therefore thy life
and thy people for

: 8. 12, 29. &
to utter deftruction,
fhall go for his life
£. his people.
43 And the king of Ifrael went to his
e?c"'74'M."ob' nov^& g heavy and difpleafed, and came to
**• Samaria. CHAP. XXI.
By negleBing to enlarge his kingdom, Ahab had brought
one curfe upon himfejf. By a covetous attempt to en
large his garden, he entails another. ( i ) He covets
Naboth' s vineyard, and fickens on account of the
refufal given him; I — 4. (2) By Jezebel's plot
Jsfaboth is condemned and executed as a traitor and
blafphemer, that his property might fall to the king ;
5 — 14. (3) While Ahab goes to take poffeffion,
Efijah meets him, and denounces the judgments of God
upon him and his wife for their injuftice; 15 — 24.
(4) Upon his humiliation, a reprieve is granted by
899. God; 25 — 29.
AND it came ^to pafs, after3 thefe
things, that Na%th the Jezreelite
fci93'.6c'.5is.S4^ had a vineyard, which jxtas in b Jezreel,
hard by the palace of Ahab king of Sa
maria.

ft Gh. xviii. xx.
Ezra 9. 13, 14.

2Kin. 9, 21,30. Sc
10. 7, 11

2 And Ahab fpake unto Naboth, fay
ing, c Give me thy vineyard, that I may
have it for a garden

Before Chrifl
899.
ci Sam. 8.14. ijohij
2. 16. 1 Tim. 6. oj
10. with Exod. 20,
17. Deut. 5. ii.

of herbs, becaufe it
is near unto 'my houfe ; and I will give
thee for it a better vineyard than it; or,
if it feem * good to thee, I will give thee
the worth of it in money.
3 And Naboth faid to Ahab, The
Lord forbid it me' that d I fhould give the
inheritanGe^of my fathers unto thee.
4 And Ahab came into his houfe
e heavy and difpleafed becaufe of the
word which Naboth the Jezreelite had
fpoken to him : for he hadyaid, I will
not give thee the inheritance of my fa
thers. And he f laid him down upon his
bed, and turned away his face, and
would eat no bread.
5 ^f But s Jezebel his wife came to him,
and faid unto him, Why is thy fpirit fo
fad that thou eat eft no bread ?
6 And he faid unto her, h Becaufe I
fpake unto Naboth the Jezreelite, and
faid unto him, Give me thy vineyard for
money ; or elfe, if it pleafe thee, I will
give thee another vineyard for it : and he
anfwered, I will not give thee my vine
yard. 7 And Jezebel his wife faid unto him,
' Doft thou now govern the kingdom of
Ifrael? arife, and eat. bread, and let thine
heart be merry: I will give thee the
vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.
8 So fhe k wrote letters in Ahab's name,
and fealed them with his feal, and fent
the letters unto 'the elders and to the ' T}'at- «• *• i«*
, 8. 14. ch. 10. 1.
nobles that were in his city dwelling with
Naboth.

* Heb, be ge,d in
thine eyes.

i Lev. 15. 23. Num.
36. 7. Ezek. 46.18.

e Ch 20. 43. Efth. f,
13. Job 5.2. iTim.
6.9, 10. lee ver. 2.

f Ver. 5. 2 Sam. 131
2.4.

gCh.16. 31.&18.4.
& 19. 2. ver. 25.
Gen 3. 6. ch. 11.
4. Eccl. 7. 26.
Prov. 22. 14. 8s.
23. 27.
h Ver. 2. Job 5. 2,
Prov. 14. 3c.
I Tim. 6, y, 10.

i I Sam. 8. 14. Das.
5. 19.

kEfth.1,1*.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — Weak and defencelefs are
thofe who have provoked God to forfake them, however former
fucceffes may make them proud or infolent. There is ijo fatisfy-
ing the covetous mind: and mean fpirits delight to tyrannize over
thofe who they think dare not refift them. But pride and info
lent boafting go before deftruction. The greateft talkers are fel
dom the greateft actors. And, the more fecure men are, the more
certain i-. their ruin. God often heaps mercies on his finful
people when they are almoft ripe for deftruction. Inadequate
means muft be ufed when God directs, but no means ever trufted
tJ. By the weakeft inftruments God can abafe the proud, and
defeat the moil powerful armies, even when flufhed with victory
and fuccefs. But v/e muft never on earth think the dSpger over.
Farth and hell cannot iong lis quiet. Atheiftical apprehenfions of
God effectually plunge men headlong into mifery. For they

that fight againft him will at laft be covered with confufion and
defpair. Malicious perfecutors are in general extremely indulgent
to horrid murderers and blafphemers. But finful indulgence iffues
in men's own ruin. God's fervants have need of great boldnefs
and zeal, that they may declare his mind to the moft powerful
tranfgreffors. And it is peculiarly flinging when men are con
demned out of their own mouth.
Learn, O my foul, notwithftanding all my emptinefs, to be
ftrong in the Lord and in the power of his might.. If .my fpiri
tual enemies compafs me about like beer, let me attack them in
the name of the Lord. If I obtain one victory, let me prepare.
for another affault. But let me never fhew mercy to the moft
humble and fuppliant luft: — to pity thofe is to be careleft. of
God's honour, and cruel to myfelf.

Naboth is murdered by Jezebel.^.

CHAP. XXI.

Elijah denounces AhaVs ruin.

Before Chiifr
899-
f Or call an anem-
bly.
m I1'. 58. 4. Luke 20.
'47. John 18. 28.
Mat. 2.*8. with
Num. 25. 7,8. Pf.
106. 30 Gen. 34.
22.
t Heb. 111 the tt>f ef
the f coble.
it Deut. 13. 13.
1 Sam. 2. 12.
2 Sain. 23. 6. ver.
15-
« Deut. 19. 15 Lev.
24. 14 — 16. Ads
6. 11, 13.
p Jofh. 7 24. Marl;

lExcd. 1. 17. 1 Sam.
22. 18. Sc 23. 20.
Pro-/. 19. 12. j>c1i
5. 20. Lev. 19. 15.
'Ucut. 27. 19,

r Dent. 19. 18, tt).
-' Prov. 19. 9. Mark
14- 56-58.
a Job 1. 5. & 2. 9.
Afts 6. 11, 13.
Lu:.,: 23. 2.

t And his fons.
2 Kin. 9. 26. Jolh
7. 24, 25. Num.
15. 32, 36. & ti.
Ji. 53-
0 Ecd. 8. 14. & 9.
1.2.

I Ver. 7, 13.

y 2 Kin. 9, 26. Pf. 9.
12..& 10. 11—15.
. Heb. 3. 13.

ufam. 12. 9. Qcn.
4. 9— II. Hab. 2.
9,12.

9 And fhe wrote in the^letfers, faying,
+ m Proclaim a faft, and fet Naboth * oh
high among the people :
10 And fet two men, n fons of Belial,
before him, to "bear witnefs againft him,
faying, Thou didft blafpheme God and
the king : and then p carry him out, and
ftone him, that he may die.
1 1 And the men of his city, even the
elders and the nobles who Vere-the inha
bitants in his city, 1 did as Jezebel had
fent unto them, and as it was written
in the letjjjjs which ' flie had fent unto
12 The^proclaimed a faft, and fet
Naboth on high among the people.
13 And there came in two men, chil
dren of Belial, and fat before him: and
the men of Belial '" witnelfed againft him,
even againft Naboth, in the prefence of
the people, faying, Naboth did s blaf
pheme God and the king. Then they
carried him forth out of the city, and
ftoned him f with ftones, that he died.
14 Then they fent to Jezebel, faying,
"Naboth is ftoned, and is dead.
15 ^f And it came to pafs, when Jeze
bel heard that Naboth was ftoned and
was dead, that Jezebel faid to Ahab,
Arife, *¦ take poffeifion of the vineyard of
Naboth the Jezreelite, "which he refufed
to give thee for money : for Naboth is
not alive, but dead.
16 And it came to pafs, when Ahab
heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab
rofe up to go down to the vineyard of
Naboth the Jezreelite, to take poffeffion
of it. 1 7 ^f And y the word ofthe Lord came
to Elijah the Tifhbite, faying,
18 Arife, go down to meet Ahab king
of Ifrael, which is in Samaria: behold,
he is in the vineyard of Naboth, whither
he is gone down to poffefs it.
19 And thou flialt fpeak unto him,
faying, Thus faith the Lord, zHaft thou
killed, and alfo taken pofleffion? And

j8. -.Hi... 0.
*5j 26,1-1.9. 12,
16. 8c 7. 15,16.

Ch. 14. 10. Sc 13.
29. Sc 16. 3, 11. Sc
22. 34—38. 2 Kin.

thou flialt fpeak unto him, faying, Thus B"T9^ul]
faith the Lord, a In the place where alsanTilTTTh'
dogs licked the blood of Naboth fliall dogs
lick thy blood, even thine.
20 And Ahab faid. to Elijah, Haft$la#u
found me, O bmine enemy? And " he b gjLj: fo.22'
anfwered, I have found thee ; becaufe
thou haft c fold, thyfelf to work evil in c ^ ^.t
the fight ofthe Lord.
21 Beheld, dI will bring evil upon thee
and will tme away thy pofterity, and w"
cut off f&0\ Ahab him that piffeth agai '
the wall, and him that is fhut up and '
in Ifrael ;
22 And will make thine houfe like
houfe of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, a'
like the houfe of Baafha the fon of Ala
jah, for the provocation wherewith th
haft provoked me to anger, and made
Ifrael to fin.
2 3 A n d c of Jezebel alfo fpake the Lor d, ¦= *££&*¦ ™ £
faying, The dogs fhall eat Jezebel by the ItJlTsill
* 11 1- T 1 " I"3-Ji,.Ronj.
waff of Jezreel. 3 .s,9.
24 f Him that dieth of Ahab in the *0rd:*h
city the dogs fhall eat ; and him that
dieth in the field fhall the fowls of the
air eat.
25 f But there s was none like unto g^-»i.«^M'
Ahab, which did fell himfelf to work
wickednefs in the fight of the Lord,
whom h Jezebel his wife ftirred up. "'
26 And he + did very abominably in
following idols, according to ' all things
as did the Amorites, whom the Lord
caft out before the children of Ifrael,
27 ^f And it came to pafs, when Ahab
heard thofe words, that he k rent his
clothes, and put fackcloth upon his flefli,
and fafted, and lay in fackcloth, and went
foftly. 28 And the word of the Lord came
to Elijah the Tifhbite, faying,
29 l Seeft thou how Ahab humbleth iw.t>m-.j7.m
himfelf before me ? becaufe he humbleth
himfelf before me, I will not bring the
evil in his days : but in his m fon's days
will I bring the evil upon his houfe.

rch.14. H.&16. 4.
Jer. 15.3. ver. 21,

h Gen, 3.6*. Sc 6. t.
5'. ch. 11. 1,-4.
2 Car. 6. 14. Eccl.
7. 26. Prov. 22.14.
Sc 23. 27.
f Or incited.
i Lev. xviii. xxv
2 Kin. xvi. xxi*

Ic Ctn. 37. 29, 34.
2-Kin. jg, 37., &
22. 11, Jon. 3, 6.
If. 38.15, Sc 37- 1.
Act; 24. 25. 2 Cor,
7. io.

m 2 Kin. i.vi. i\. x.
ch. 11. 12, 35.

Reflections upon Chap. XXL— -Nearnefs to great men
often expofes to oppreffion: and there is need of ftedfaft adherence
to the Lord's command when we meet with ftrong temptations.

How infatiable is a covetous heart! Many great men, in all that
they have, can enjoy but fmall pleafure, becaufe of fome fancied
want ; and proud and difcontented fpirits terribly torment them-
Yyya

Ahab threatened for fparing Ben-hadad.

I. KINGS.

*» Ahab covets Naboth* s vineyard.

Before Chrift
900.

f Keb. we'll.

¦ia — 37. iKin. vi.
& 8. 12,29 °"
32, 33- Sc i
22.
| Heb. tf my curfe.

vant went out into the midft of the battle,
— and, behold, a man turned afide, and
^.brought a man unto me, and faid, Keep
' "this man : if by any means he be miffing,
thoSfefhall thy life be for his life, or elfe
thou fhalt "rpay a talent of filver.
40 And, as thy fervant was bufy here
xnets.hewasn.t. and there, + he was gone. And the king
".sT'LuVe'iV" °f Ifrael faid unto him, c So fhall thy
Itvlt^ judgment be; thyfelf haft decjjjd it.
'[ 4 1 And he hafted and toj^he afhes
Vay from his face ; and th%WM§)of Ifrael
feerned him that he was ofthe prophets.
L4.2 And he faid unto him, Thus faith
m.is.9ch.22. tjjrei Lord, Becaufe fthouhaft let go out
:ffi&% of' thy hand a man -" whom I appointed
to utter deftru&ion, therefore thy life
fhall go for his life, and thy people for
. . his people.
. 43 And the king of Ifrael went to his
ech;«.4.&22.8. houfe g heavy and difpleafed, and came to
s-i" Samaria. C H A P; XXI.
By negtetling to enlarge his kingdom, Ahab had brought
one curfe upon himfcjf. By a covetous attempt to en
large his garden, he entails another. ( I ) He covets
Naboth' s vineyard, and fickens on account of the
refufal given him; 1 — 4. (2) By Jezebel's plot
Naboth is condemned and executed as a traitor and
blafphemer, that his property might fall to the king ;
5 — 14. (3) While Ahab goes to take poffeffion,
Efijah meets him, and denounces the judgments of God
upon him and his wife for their injuftice ; 1 5 — 24.
(4) Upon his humiliation, a reprieve is granted by
God; 25 — 29.
AND it came ^ipafs, after* thefe
things, that Nat%th the Jezreelite
fclcfg,'6ch.3i3,S4asT" had a vineyard, which w^as in b Jezreel,
hard by the palace of Ahab king of Sa
maria.

899.
ft Ch. xviii. XX.
Ezra 9. 13, 14.

zKjn. 9, 21,30. &
JO. 7, II.

2 And Ahab fpake unto Naboth, fay-

Before Chrift
899. ,

ing, c Give me thy vineyard, that I may c ^am.^. uohi,
10. with Exod. 20,
17. Deut. 5, 21.

have it for a garden of herbs, becaufe it
is near unto my houfe ; and I will give
thee for it a better vineyard than it ; or,
if it feem * good to thee, I will give thee
the worth of it in money.
3 And Naboth faid to Ahab, The
Lord forbjd it me' that d I fhould give the
inheritanse^of -my fathers unto thee.
4 And Ahab came into his houfe
e heavy and difpleafed becaufe of the
word which Naboth the J^reelite had
fpoken to him : for he ha^Paid, I will
not give thee the inheritan^ of my fa
thers. And he f laid him down upon his
bed, and turned away his face, and
would eat no bread.
5 <|f But E Jezebel his wife came to him,
and faid unto him, Why is thy fpirit fo
fad that thou eateft no bread ?
6 And he faid unto her, h Becaufe I
fpake unto Naboth the Jezreelite, and
faid unto him, Give me thy vineyard for
money ; or elfe, if it pleafe thee, I will
give thee another vineyard for it : and he
anfwered, I will not give thee my vine
yard. 7 And Jezebel his wife faid unto him,
' Doft thou now govern the kingdom of
Ifrael ? arife, and eat bread, and let thine
heart be merry: I will give thee the
vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite.
8 So fhe k wrote letters in Ahab's name,
and fealed them with his feal, and fent
the letters unto 'the elders and to the
nobles that were in his city dwelling with
Naboth.

* Heb. be good in
thine eyes.

d Lev. 25. 23. Num.
36.7.hiek.46.iK.

e Ch. 20. 43. Efth. 5\ 1
13. Job 5.2. iTim.
6. 9, 10. lee ver. 2.

f Ver. J. 2 Sam. 13.
2,4.

gCh.16. 31.&18.4.
& 19. 2. ver. 25.
Gen 3. 6. ch. 11.
4. Eccl. 7. 26.
Prov. 22. 14. Sc
23. 27.
h Ver. 2. Job 5. z,
Prov. 14. 3c.
I Tim, 6. y, 10.

1 Sam. 8. 14. Daft.
5. 19. -

k Efth. 3. 12,

I Deut. 2T. 2. Judg.
8. 14. ch. 10. 1.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — Weak and defencelefs are
thofe who have provoked God to forfake them, however former
fucceffes may make them proud or infolent. There is no fatisfy-
ing the covetous mind: and mean fpirits delight to tyrannize over
thofe who they think dare not refift them. But pride and info
lent boafting go before deftruction. The greateft talkers are fel
dom the greateft actors. And, the more fecure men are, the more
certain i their ruin. God often heaps mercies on his finful
people when they are almoft ripe for deftruction. Inadequate
means muft be ufed when God directs, but no means ever trufted
ta. By the weakeft inftruments God can abafe the' proud, and
defeat the moft powerful armies, even when flufhed with victory
and fuccefs. But we muft never on earth think the d&pger over.
Earth and hell cannot long lie quiet. Atheiftical apprehenfions of
God effectually plunge men headlong into mifery. For they

that fight againft him will at laft be covered with confufion and
defpair. Malicious perfecutors are in general extremely indulgent
to horrid murderers and blafpbemers. But finful indulgence iffues
in men's own ruin. God's fervants have need of great boldnefs
and zeal, that they may declare his mind to the moft powerful
tranfgreffors. And' it is peculiarly flinging when men are con
demned out of their own mouth.
Learn, O my foul, notwithftanding all my emptinefs, to be
ftrong in the Lord and in the power of his might., If m-y fpiri
tual enemies compafs me about like beer, let me attack them in
the name of the Lord. If. I obtain one victory, let me prepare
for another affault. But let me never fhew mercy to the moft
humble and fuppliant luft: — to pity thofe is to be carelefs. of
God's honour, and cruel to myfelf.

Naboth is murdered by Jezebel. '

Before Chrift
«99-
f Or call an affeui-
biy.
m I1'. t,8. j. Luke 20.
47. John 18. 28.
Mac. a.'<S. with
Num. 15. 7,8. Pf
)?i. ;o Ueii. 34.

4 Heb. :'« vf/« («/» 0/
lie- ptcfl .
n Deut. ij. 15.
1 Sam. 1. 12.
8- Sam. 23. 6. ver.
13-
, © Deut. 19. T5 Lev.
/O 34. 14—16. Acts
6.11,13.
p Jofh. 7. 24. Mark
q Exod. 1. 17. i Sam.
21. i3. & 23.2c.
Prov. 29. 12, /eh
5. 20. Lev. 19, 15.
'Deut. 27. 19.

~^N.

CHAP. XXI.

Elijah denounces Ahab's ruin.

r Deut. 19. iS, to.
Prov. 19. 9. Mark
14- 56-58-
s Job 1. 5. & 2. 9.
Afts 6. 11, 13.
Luxe 23. 2.

t And his fons.
2 Kin. 9. 26. Jofh
7. 24, 25. Mum.
15. 32, 36. Sc 16,
is, 33-
2 Ecd. 8. 14. Sc 9.
1,2.

X Ver. 7,15.

y 2 Kin. 9, 26. Pf. 9.
J2..& 10. 11—15.
Heb. J. 13.

zlSam, 12. 9. Gen.
4. 9—11. Hab. 2.
9,12.

9 And flie wrote in the" letters, faying,
f m Proclaim a faft, and fet Naboth * on
high among the people :
10 And fet two men, n fons of Belial,
before him, to °bear witnefs againft him,
faying, Thou didft blafpheme God and
the king : and then p carry him out, and
ftone him, that he may die.
1 1 And the men of his city, even the
elders and the nobles who "Vefe-the inha
bitants in his city, 1 did as Jezebel had
fent unto thern, and as it was written
in the lettjra which flie had fent unto
them. jL
1 2 They'proclaimed a faft, and fet
Naboth on high among the people.
13 And there came in two men, chil
dren of Belial, and fat before him: and
the men of Belial r witnefied againft him,
even againft Naboth, in the prefence of
the people, faying, Naboth did s blaf
pheme God and the king. Then they
carried him forth out of the city, and
ftoned him f with ftones, that he died.
14 Then they fent to Jezebel, faying,
"Naboth is ftoned, and is dead.
15 *[f And it came to pafs, when Jeze
bel heard that Naboth was ftoned and
was dead, that Jezebel faid to Ahab,
Arife, * take poffeliion of the vineyard of
Naboth the Jezreelite, "which he refufed
to give thee for money : for Naboth is
not alive, but dead.
1 6 And it came to pafs, when Ahab
heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab
rofe up to go down to the vinevard of
-Naboth the Jezreelite, to take poffeffion
of it. 1 7 ^f And y the word ofthe Lord came
to Elijah the Tifhbite, faying,
1 8 Arife, go down to meet Ahab king
of Ifrael, which is in Samaria: behold,
he is in the vineyard of Naboth, whither
he is gone down to poffefs it.
19 And thou fhalt fpeak unto him,
faying, Thus faith the Lord, zHaft thou
killed, and alfo taken poffeffion? And

thou flialt fpeak unto him, faying, Thus
faith the Lord, a In the place where
dogs licked the blood of Naboth fliall dogs
lick thy blood, even thine.
20 And Ahab faid. to Elijah, Haft,

Before Chrift
S99.

a a Sam. 12. 11.
.z. 38. aKin,

y.ct i§, Pi.
I Si 16. & 7

15,16.

b Ch. tS. 17- & 22.
8. Amos 5. 10.
Ga!. 4. 16.
c aKin. 17. 17. Epb0
4. 19. Gen. 13. 13.
ver. 25I

d Ch. 14. 10. & K.
z$. Sc 16. 3, 11.&
22-t 34— j8. 2 Kin.
i. ix. x.

21 If. j. 11. Rum a
3. 8; 9.
# Or ditch.
fCh.14. 11. & 16. 4.
Jer. 15.3. ver. iij

found me, O bmine enemy? And ne
anfwered, I have found thee ; becaufe
thou half c fold thyfelf to work evil in
the fight ofthe Lorlx
2 1 Beheld, dI will bring evil upon thee,
and will tpie away thy pofterity, and will
cut offf^ph Ahab him that piffeth againft
the wall, and him that is fhut up and 1
in Ifrael ;
22 And will make thine houfe like tfle
houfe of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, an
like the houfe of Baafha the fon of Ahi
jah, for the provocation wherewith thou
haft provoked me to anger, and made
Ifrael to fin.
23 And cof Jezebel alfo fpake the Lord, "^y^g
faying, The dogs fhall eat Jezebel by the Jf^S*',';.
* wall of Jezreel.
24 f Him that dieth of Ahab in the
city the dogs fhall eat; and him that
dieth in the field fhall the fowls of the
air eat.
25 ^f But there 5 was none like unto ^^rf/'i.'""1*'
Ahab, which did fell himfelf to work
wickednefs in the fight of the Lord,
whom h Jezebel his wife ftirred up.
26 And he t did very abominably in
following idols, according to ' all things
as did the Amoritee., whom the Lord
caft out before the children of Ifrael,
27 % And it came to pafs, when Ahab
heard thofe words, that he k rent his
clothes, and put fackcloth upon his flefh,
and fafted, and lay in fackcloth, and went
foftly. 28 And the word of the Lord came
to Elijah the Tifhbite, faying,
29 l Seeft thou how Ahab humbleth it-tMi-tj-jwi
himfelf before me ? becaufe he humbleth
himfelf before me, I will not bring the
evil in his days : but in his "fon's days
will I bring the evil upon his houfe

h Gen. 3. 6. Sc 6.x.
5. ch. 11. 1,-4.
2 Cur. 6. 14. Eccl.
7. 26. Prov.22.J4.
& 13. 27.
t Or iiu.tej.
i Lev. xviii. stx.
2 Kin. xvi. xxi.

Ic Cen. 37. 29, 34.
2.Kin. l.i, 37. &
22. II, Joil. 3, 6.
If. 38.15. Sc 37.1.
Acts 24. 25. Z'.QT,
7- io.

m 2 Kin. i.vi. ix
ch. It. 12, 35.

Reflections upon Chap. XXL— r-Nearnefs to great men
often expofes to oppreffion : and there is need of ftedfaft adherence
to the Lord's command when we meet with ftrong temptations.

How infatiable is a covetous heart! Many great men, in all that
they have, can enjoy but fmall pleafure, becaufe of fome fancied
want : and proud and difcontented fpirits terribly torment them-
Yyy 2

Ahab renews the war with Syria.

I. KINGS.

Before Chrift
897.

CHAP. XXfL
The punifhment of Ahab, for fparing Ben-hadad, now
comes upon him- Here ( I ) Ahab confults with his
, privy council concerning the renewal of the war
mth the Syrians, for recovering of Ramoth- gilead;
am engages Jehojhaphat, king of Judah, to affift
him; I — 4. (2) At Jehojhaphat's defire, he con
fults not only his falfe prophets, who fatter him with
hopes of fuccefs, but alfo Micaiah, a true prophet ;
5 — 12. (3) Nothwithftanding advice to fatter
Ahab, Michaiah upbraids him with his fond belief of
the falfe prophets ; foretells his fall in doe expedition ;
and informs him, in a figurative mdWer, how God
. had permitted Satan, by his falfe prqtAtLs, to feduce
-J him into ruin; 13 — 23. (4) For ^faithfulnefs,
J' Micaiah is abufid by Zedekiah, a leading prophet of
Baal, and imprifoned by Ahab; 24 — 28. (5) To
punifh Jehojhaphat's helping of Ahab, he is trea-
- fiheroufly expofid to great hazard of his life ; but
,. .Ahab is flain, and his troops fcattered ; 29 — 40.
(6) Jehojhaphat in the main reigns well; but fin
fully joins in an adventure of trade with Ahaziah
king of Ifrael, who reigns very wickedly ; 41 — 53*
BFr«»radi.t*.*9- AND they continued A three years
x\. without war between Syria and
Ifrael.
^2'ia 2 And it b came to pafs, in the third
t&SgttcV year, that Jehofhaphat the king ofjudah
came down to the king of Ifrael.
3 And the king of Ifrael faid unto his
8.fciV.§m ' fervants, Know ye that c Ramoth in Gi-
"* lead is our's, and we be * ftill, and take
-'lJLtn/t'f"m it not out of the hand of the king of
Syria ?
' 2CJrKin.' |: * ''' 4 And he faid unto Jehofhaphat, d Wilt
'T.'.,.5c°r'.E,psh' thou go with me to battle to Ramoth-
gilead? And Jehofhaphat faid to the
*^r«d".wim,,e king of Ifrael, + I am as thou art, my
people as thy people, my horfes as thy
horfes. 5 ^f And Jehofhaphat faid unto the
'"TSzZtlf, king of Ifrael, e Inquire, I pray thee, at
to, 'if.TsS'.l the word of the Lord to-day.
6 Then the king of Ifrael gathered the
'°,0!h,e,?'cv"' ch" f prophets together, about four hundred
men, and faid unto them, Shall I go
againft Ramoth- gilead to battle, or fhall

He confults with Micaiah.
I forbear? And they faid, Go up;- E for **%*?*
the Lord fhall deliver it into the hand of g E*eic. .5. 7. jWi
so. 1—4, 9. 0C14,
the king. .i,n.««.».»i.
7 f And Jehofhaphat faid, h Is there^f"-^-
not here a prophet of the Lord befides,
that we might inquire of him?
8 And the king of Ifrael faid unto
Jehofhaphat, 'there is yet i one
Micaiah the fon of Imlah, by whom we
may k inquire of the Lord
him, for he doth not prophefy m good ' c£ £ *£&
concerning me, but evil. Andjenoina- g^&4'^

i Ch. 18. 4. Sc 19. 19,
ITian , ver. 17. Reivz.w.

but » I hate "ST*"4"

xTim. 4. 3.

fo. 11  1 _„ m Jer. 38. 4. Mic. s.
called an u. h.*. mm-.
^her Micaiah ti.'"'
% Or turutcb.

I mtht

c Deut. so. 8. ..
2 Kin. 8. 28. Sz 9.
j. ch. 4, 13.

phat faid, Let not the king
9 Then the king of If
officer, and faid, + Haf
the fon of Imlah.
10 And the king of Ifrael and Jeho
fhaphat the king of Judah fat each on
his throne, having "put on their robes, "^"icLi^
in a I' void place in the entrance of the iiHeh.jtw.
gate of Samaria; ani all the prophets
° , r , , r , oCh. 18. 29. iSim.
0 prophefied before them. ^it^idf
1 1 And Zedekiah the fon of Chenaanah
made him p horns of iron : and he faid, p ^I'tfis, V1"
iThus faith the Lord, With thefe fhalt *£¦£«:&£
thou pufh the Syrians until thou have Ezek.1»!t5:
confumed them.
1 2 And all the prophets prophefied fo,
'faying, Go up to Ramoth -gilead, and ' 3^36.15'
profper; for the Lord fhall deliver //
into the king's hand.
13 And the meffenger that was gone
to call Micaiah fpake unto him, faying,
Behold now 5the words of the prophets 'g^fzT
declare good unto the king with one
mouth : let thy word, I pray thee, be
like the word of one of them, and fpeak
that which is good.
14 And Micaiah faid, As the Lord
liveth, r what the Lord faith unto me ,J?cS£**t
. -n t /- 1 1, z. Ezek.*. 7-*
t hat . will 1 fpeak, j.i7.Aaszc,v*7.
1 5 5f So he came to the king. And the
king faid unto him, Micaiah, fhall we go

felves. What a plague to nations are covetous and tyrannical
Tulers ! Having their heart fet on wickednefs, the devil quickly
furnifhes the means : and nothing is too bafe and hypocritical, or
even horrid or blafphemous, for them to ftick at. When fin has
hardened their heart, men glory in their wickednefs, and are loft
to fhame. But that which is unlawfully gotten frequently proves
a burden inftead of a comfort. The very prefence of faithful mi
nifters, who cannot endure to fee the wicked perifhing in their

iniquities, is a terror to fuch, and their faithful rebukes torment
thena : but how much more, and how often even in this life, does
the diftinguiihed vengeance of God perplex and purfue them!
Legal terrors may produce ftrong profeffions of repentance, but
only a fenfe of God's pardoning love can convert the heart. And,
if God mark fuch regard* to apparent repentance, how great is his
mercy, and how great is his regard to thofe who fprrow after a.
godly fort!' 6

Micaiah denounces "Ahab's ruin.

CHAP. XXII.

Jehofhaphat in danger: Ahab fain.

Before Chrift
897-
B Ch. 18. 27. Eccl.
11.9. Judg. 10.14.
Mat.26. 45. z.Cnr.
13. 14-

icMat. 26.63.1 Sam.
14. 24. I charge
thee .ls thou fhalt
aniwor to God.

y Ezek. 1. 4. A£bio.
1 1, 17. Jer. I. u
—15.
1 Zech. 13. 7. Jer.
2j 28. Mat. 9. 36.
Mr. J4, 36.

1 Ver. 8.

t> If. 6. 1. Sc 66. J.
Rev. 4. 2, 3. Dan.
7. 9, 10.
C Pf. IO3. 20, 21. SC
68.17. Sc 104. 3,4-
Dan. 7. 10. Job 1.
6, Sc 1. 1.
• Or deceive. This 13
to be underftood
rifurat.vely..

d Ver. 22. Job I. 6.
Sc 2. I. 2 Thef. 2.
-.J I.

c John 8. 14. 1 John
4. 6. Rev. 12. 9.
zThef. 2. 11.
f Jndg. 9. 23. Job 12.
j6. Pf. 109. 17.
Ezek. 14. 9.
ft Thef. 2. ji, 12.

{.1 Chr. 18. 23. Jer.
20. 2. Job 16. 2.
XVarn. 3. 30. A£ls
13.2, Mulci4- 65.

j> Or frem chamber U
- chamber.
hHeb.acbatnbtrinet. chamber. Ch. 20.
10. Num. 31. 8.
h<. i}. 1$.

againft Ramoth- gilead to battle, or fhall
we forbear ? And he anfwered him, u Go,
and profper; for the Lord fhall deliver
it into the hand of the king.
16 And the king faid unto him, How
many times fhall I "adjure thee that thou
tell me nothing but that which is true in
the name of the Lord ?
1 7 And he faid, ? I faw all Ifrael * fcat
tered upon the hills, as fheep that have
not a fhepherd : and the Lord faid, Thefe
have no mafter; let them return every
man to his Jipufe in peace.
18 And^e king of Ifrael faid unto
Jehofhaphat^Did a I not tell thee that he
would prophefy no good concerning me,
but evil ?
19 And he faid, Hear thou therefore
the word of the Lord : I faw the Lord
b fitting on his throne, and all the c hoft
of heaven {landing by him on his right
hand and on his left.
20 And the Lord faid, Who fhall
* perfuade Ahab, that he may go up and
fall at Ramoth-gilead ? And one faid on
this manner, and another faid on that
manner. 2 1 And there came forth d a fpirit, and
ftood before the Lord, and faid, I will
perfuade him.
22 And the Loi'.Dfaid unto him, Where
with ? And he faid, 1 will go forth, and
I e will be a lying fpirit in the mouth of
all his prophets. And he faid, Thou
f fhalt perfuade him, and prevail alfo : go
forth, and do fo.
23 Now therefore, behold, the Lord
hath put a lying fpirit in the mouth of all
thefe thy prophets, and the Lord hath
fpoken evil concerning thee.
24 ^f But Zedekiah the fon of Che-
naanah went near, and g fmote Micaiah
on the cheek, and faid, Which way went
the Spirit of the Lord from me to fpeak
unto thee ?
25 And Micaiah faid, Behold, thou
fhalt fee in that day, when thou fhalt
go into + h an inner chamber to hide thy
felf. 26 And the king of Ifrael laid, Take

Before Chrift
897.

Micaiah, and carry him back unto Anion
the governor of the city, and to Joafh the
king's fon ;
27 And fay, Thus faith the king, 'Put u£bl;£™'J"£
this fellow in the prifon, and feed him 3i-2-&"-,s-
with k bread of affliction and with water k££',£.L£:£
of affliction until I come m peace.
28 And Micaiah faid, ' If thou return ' *r« ,f\v'- JT*
at all in peace, the Lord hath not fpoken l8"' I1-44'i<s-
by me. And he faid, ra Hearken, O
people, every one of you.
29 *P"tn^So the king of Ifrael and Jeho
fhaphat the king of Judah went up to
Ramoth-gilead. 30 And the king of Ifrael faid unto
Jehofhaphat, + 1 will difguife myfelf, and
enter into the battle; ° but put thou on och.i4.2.&
thy robes. And the king of Ifrael difguifed
himfelf, and went into the battle.
3 1 % But the king of Syria commanded
his p thirty and two captains that hadpCh-M*

m Mic. 1. 1. ler. 22.
29. If. 1. z. Amos
3. r. &<j. 1. Hof.
8. 1.
n Ver. 2. 2 Chr. 180
28..

J Or when hi was to
difawfc bimfelf,and
entir into the battti.

Pf. 12. 2. ver. ji»
32.

1S'.

4 ITlgnt 35.22. with ch.

35-
20. 33, 42. So un
gratefully Eenha-
dad rewarded hir,
linful kindnefs.

17. 20. 21. ri. i7^
1. & 34. 6. Sc AC.
s-j. Sc 142.4, 5. &
140. 1. Sc 143. 7,,
Exod. 14- 15.

rule over his chariots, fay in
neither with fmall nor great, fave only
with the kins: of Ifrael.
32 And it came to pafs, when the
captains of the chariots faw Jehofhaphat,
that they faid, Surely it is the king of
Ifrael. And they r turned afide to fight '\^^MS'
againft him : and Jehofhaphat icried out. » *"£_£¦ § <h;
22 And it came to pafs, when the cap
tains of the chariots perceived that it was
not the king of Ifrael, that they turned
back from purfuing him..
34 ^f And a certain man drew a bow rat t"4b;is^.-,?il.
a venture, and fmote the king of Ifrael
between the "joints ofthe harnefs : where
fore he faid unto the driver of his chariot,
Turn thine hand,, and carry me out of
the hoft, for I am * wounded:
2$ And uthe battle T increafed that day r
and the king was ftayed up in his chariot meM*™**
againft the Syrians,, and died at even :
and the blood ran out of the wound into
the t midft of the chariot
36 And there went a proclamation
throughout the hoft, about the going
down of the fun, faying, x Every man
to his city,, and every man to his. own.
country. 2 j % So the king died> H and was * &*«*<».

Heb. jtinti ami \bt
brtafJ-flate.

*Hefym/id*fuf*.,u Ch. %->. 41. vci,17j,
z8. 2 Chr. iS, 14.

% Heb. b»ftm.

x Ver. 17. 2Kjit. 14..
12. 2 Sain. ii. 1&..
ch. 12. 16.

Before Chrift
897..

y Ch. »i. 19.

z. Ch. 14. 19. Sc 15.
3i.&'l6.5,20,27.
zKin.i.iS.ocro. 34. & 13.8,9,12,
13. & 14. 15, 16,
28, 29.
a Amos 3. 15. Pf. 45.
8. ch. 10, 18.

Jehofhaphat 's good and I
brought to Samaria ; and they buried the
king in Samaria.
- 38 And one wafhed the chariot in the
pool of Samaria, and the dogs licked up
his blood, and they wafhed his armour,
y according- unto the word ofthe Lord
which he fpake.
39 *jf Now z the reft of the acts of.
Ahab, and all that he did, and the a ivory
houfe which he made, and alkthe cities
which he built, are they not written in
the book of the chronicles Qf the kings of
Ifrael ?
40 So Ahab flept with his fathers ; and
Ahaziah his fon reigned in his ftead.
41 ^f And b Jehofhaphat the fon of Afa
began to reign over Judah in the fourth
year of Ahab king of Ifrael.
42 Jehofhaphat was thirty and five
years old when he began to reign; and
he reigned c twenty and five years in
ich.,4.2i.&i5.z, Jerufalem. And his d mother's name was
Azubah the daughter of Shilhi.
'lCh;.'fee'2rc"h? 43 And he e walked in all the ways
of Afa his father ; he turned not afide

K I N G S.

*
Ahaziah' s bad reign*

j>2Chr. 20. 31,
914.

8 iKin. j. 17. & 8,
16.

*vii — xx. with
xiv. xv.

from it, doing that which was right

111

,CMfffts\^X the eyes ofthe Lord; neverthelefs, fthe
B«itwas'toc-od; hio-h places were not taken away ; for the
not to idols. O SC J ' J
t2Chr.,o.2. 2 cor. people offered and burnt incenfe yet in
cor! the high places.
44 And Jehofhaphat E made peace with

6. 14. Heb. 12. 1
Eph. 5. 11.
»5- 33-

tCh. it. 41. & 14.
Sb'g^ithe king of Ifrael.
\\llj,lV,l:% 4 c Now h the reft of the afts of Teho-
S;^:*^1:!!: fhaphat, and his might that he fhewed,

and hov/ he warred, are they not written
in the book of the chronicles of the kings
of Judah ?
46 And the ' remnant of the Sodomites,
which remained in the days of his father
Afa, he took out of the land.
47 There was then kno king in Edom:
a deputy was king.
48 Jehofhaphat * made fhips of Thar-
fhifli ' to go to Ophir for gold ; but they
went not, for the fhips were broken at
m Ezion-geber. 49 Then faid Ahaziah th^on-of Ahab
unto Jehofhaphat, Let my^fervants go
with thy fervants in thev fhips. But
n Jehofhaphat would not.
50 % And Jehofhaphat ° flept with
his fathers, and was buried with his
fathers in the city of David his father :
and Jehoram his fon reigned in his
ftead. 5 1 ^f Ahaziah the fon of Ahab began
to reign over Ifrael in Samaria the feven-
teenthyear of Jehofhaphat king of Judah,
and reigned p two years over Ifrael.
52 And he idid evil in the fight of the
Lord, and walked in the way of his
father, and in the way of his mother, and
in the way of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat,
who made Ifrael to fin.
52 For he ferved r Baal, and worfhlp-
ed him, and provoked to anger the
Lord God of Ifrael, according to all that
his father had done.

Before Chrift
914.

i Ch. 15.12. Gen.13.
13. Jude 7. Rom,
t. 26, 27. Deut.
zi- 17-

fcOen. 25. 23.&2r.
40. 2 Sain. 8. 14.
aKin. 3. 9. & 8.
20.
* Or had ten /bit:.
1 2 Chr. 20. 35, 36.
ch.io. 22. &9.Z8.

m See ch. 9. 26.
Num. 33-3Si3S.
Sc 14. 25.

n 2 Chr. 20. 37,
Prov. 9. 6. 6c IJ.
- 30. & 1. 10, 14.
2 Chr. 25. 7.

oCh,2.io.&n,4j. & 14. 24. If. 57. 2.
Rev. 14. 13. Phil,
1.23.

897-
p Ch. 15. 25. 2 Kin,
I. 17.
ri Ch. 16. 30—32. Sc
21.25. Sc 12. 26—
33-&J3-3J-

r Jude. 2. ii.ch. 16.
31. "& zi. 25.

Reflections upon Chap. XXff. — Wicked fovereigns pay
little regard to the laws either of gratitude or of folemn treaties.
It is taking hold ofthe opportunities which God puts in our hand,
not leagues with perfidious princes, that will fecure our rights ;
and leaft of all ought leagues extorted by diftrefs to be trufted to.
The worft of men, from felfiih motives, will court the friendfhip
ofthe godly; but, whenever opportunity ferves, are fure to expofe
them to danger. The confeience, the life of faints, yea, and all
that they have, are endangered by finful compliances to evil men:
but tender faints can never delight in evil and flattering minifters,
nor fail to regard the faithful fervants of God. Unity and multi
tude are poor proofs of a good caufe. Nothing is a furer fign of an
evil minifter than his encouraging wicked and hypocritical men to
fleep "on in their fin : nor is any thing a more dreadful plague to
perfons or nations than the united flattery of unfaithful minifters.
When flatterers abound the men of God ought to be the more
bold and faithful in oppofition to them. Hardened finners will
indeed hate them for dealing faithfully with their confeience, but
God will ffand by them, when he gives up the lovers of flattery to

be impofed on by it to their own ruin ; and multitudes of evil fpi
rits are always waiting his permiffion to delude into deftrudtion
their own moft hearty votaries. Faithful minifters are commoniy
rewarded with perfecution and abufe ; and none are more bitter
enemies than the teachers of lies. But God will quickly vindicate
his fervants in accomplifhing the threatenings which they have
denounced. Such as are guilelefs themfelves are unfufpicious of
others ; but wicked men, to compafs their own ends, will not ftick
to betray their beft friends. And indeed, when the godly are oilt
of the vi ay of their duty, they need not wonder that they fall into
mifchief. But, if they cry unto the Lord, they will find him a
prefent help in the time of trouble. When the hour of men is
come, there is no avoiding their deftiny. By events, which to us
are purely accidental, God will execute his purpofe and accomplifh
his word. No character on earth, except ChrifV-'s, is perfectly
fpotlefs. Even good men are apt to indulge long rooted cuftorqs
of finning. But how unwife is it for them to cultivate familiarity
with the wicked, even after they have fmarted for it! and it rs^a
mercy if repeated ftrokes make;1ihem amend their error at the laft.

The SECOND BOOK of KINGS.

The fecond book of Kings is but a continuation of the former, from the death of Ahab to the death of Jehoiachin, zvhich is about
three hundred and forty years. The principal events recorded are, (i) The miracles of Elijah and Elifha; i. — vii. xiii.
(2) "the deftrutlion of the family of Ahab by Jehu; viii. — x. (3) The mifery of Ifrael under Jehu and Jehoahaz, from
the oppreffions of the Syrians, and their reftoration by Joafh and' Jeroboam; xiii. xiv. ; and, in fine, their civil wars, haraff-
ment and captivity by the Affyrians; xv. xvii. (4) The hiftory of Juclah under fifteen kings; of whom Jehoram, Ahazy
Manaffeh, and Arnon, wMe moft wicked, and Hezekiah and Jofiah moft pious and reforming; and, in fine, of their harajfment
and captivity by the ChaMeans ; viii. — xxv.

CHAP.

I.

Here, ( 1 ) While the Moabites revolt from under his
authority, Ahaziuh king of Ifrael falls danger oufiy
ill, and in his fie knell fends to Baal-zebub, god of
Ekron, to afk w'.rether he Ji^ii'J recover ; 1, 2.
(2) Elijah, dire eel ed of God, meets his meffengers,
and turns them back with a denunciation of certain
death ; 3 — 8. (3) Highly enraged, Ahaziah re
peatedly orders a troop to apprehend Elijah, that he
might be punijhed ; but, by fire from heaven, he de
frays the two firft companies ; and, on their captain's
humble requeft, fpares the third; 9 — 14. (4) Di
rected by God, he goes with him to Ahaziah, and
denounces his approaching death, which quickly fol
lows ; 15 — 18.

a 2 Sam. 8. 2. I Kin.
12. 1 ;. ch. 3. 3 — 5.
CC 3. 2G, 22.

b I Kin. 22. 34.
2 Chr. 21. 14, 15.

c Mafter of flies.
Mat 12. 24 — 27.
djofh. 15.45. 1 Sam.
5. 10.

• I Kin. 17. 1. & 18.
J. & 21. 17— 19. &
14- 5i IZ-
fjer.2. 10— 13. Jon.
1. 8r 11, S.lii.

rebelled againft

fHen^Tliebedwhi- ther thou an gene
ttp, theujha't net
ceine divcn from it.
Ilf.14. 20,21. Prov.
11.19. 0C13.21.&
l.3T.&T4.32.Job 18. ii— 19. ver. 6.
<£> 17.

HHEN aMoab
Ifrael, after the death of Ahab
"¦- 2 ^f And Ahaziah fell down
through a lattice in his upper chamber
that was in Samaria, and was b fick : and
he fent meflengers, and faid unto them,
Go, inquire of c Baal-zebub the god
of d Ekron whether I fhall recover of this
difeafe. 3 But the angel of the Lord faid to
e Elijah the Tifhbite, Arife, go up to meet
the meffengers of the king of Samaria,
and fay unto them, f Is it not becaufe
there is not a God in Ifrael that ye go
to inquire of Baal-zebub the god of
Ekron ?
4 Now therefore thus faith the Lord,
'r Thou fhalt not come down from that
bed on which thou art gone up, gbut fhalt
furely die. And Elijah departed.
5 $f And, when the meffengers turned

back unto him, he faid unto them, Why BeT96.hr,ft
are ye now turned back ? ;
6 And they faid unto him, There came
a man up to meet us, and faid unto
us, Go, turn again unto the king that
fent you, and fay unto him, Thus faith
the Lord, h Is it not becaufe there is not a hSee «*¦ »*.4.*s.«»»
God in Ifrael that thou fendeft to inquire
of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron ? therer-
fore thou fhalt not come down from that
bed on which thou art gone up, but fhalt
furely die.
7 And he faid unto them, * What
manner of man was he who came up to
meet you, and told you thefe words ?
8 And they anfwered him, He was an

i Heb. What was th.
manneseftke man?
Judg. 8.18.

hairy man, and girt with a girdle of
And he faid, It

leather about his loins
is Elijah the Tifhbite.
9 Then the king Tent unto him a
captain of fifty with his fifty. And he
went up to him: and, behold', he fat raon
the top of an hill. And he fpake -unto
him, n Thou man of God, the king hath
faid, Come down.
10 And Elijah anfwered and faid to
the captain of fifty, If I be a man of God,
then °let fire come down from heaven,
and confume thee and thy fifty. And
there came down fire from heaven, and
confumed him and his fifty.
1 1 p Again alfo he fent unto him an
other captain of fifty with his fifty. And
he q anfwered and faid unto him, O man
7 /

k 1 Sam. 28; 14. Mat..
S. 4. Zech. ij. 4.

I 1 Kin. 19. 2. Mar.
14, 8. Afls 23. 12,
13. zKin. 6.1^14.
m Judg.15.11. 1 Kin..
ib. 42, ch. 4. 25.

n Iii derifion. Mat..
17. 29. I Chr. 16..
22. Pf. K5. 15.

oNum. 11. 1. iKiru
\%. 1%. Job 1. ,6-
Euk^ 9. 54. Afts
5. J— tto. Rev. 11.
5. zC%. 10. 6.
Jam. 5^17; Pi.
106. 18;

p-Ntim. IT. 4. If. iC.
11. ?.Tim. 3. )$.

q.Ch- i3.6.Jcx.9,j.

Elijah burns up the infolent idolaters. II. KINGS. He takes his farewell oj his friends.

Before Chrift
8 1)6.

of God, thus hath the king faid, Come
down quickly.
1 2 And Elijah anfwered and faid unto
them, r If I be a man of God, let fire
come down from heaven, and confume

¦r-Ver. n. This fear
ful punifhment
they deferved, as
they were idola-
the S, Sta- tnee ancj thy fifty. And the fire of God
lulce.r. or a pio- _' J
phelwhomCol „„  ^ J^„,,, C.-^r^ I, qis

nd confumed

nty.
f Ver. 9 — 12. Jer. 5
3.1f.j. 5. &Z6.11

t Heb. hewed. Acts
10. 25. I Thef. 5.
IS-
11 Pf. 72. 14. Sc 102.

E?d'rnvSGwi1th came down from heaven,
lingular autho- -t • i 1 ¦ r r
him and his fifty.
13 % And he fent •* again a captain of
the third fifty with his fifty. And the
third captain of fifty went up, and came
and ' fell on his knees before Elijah, and
befought him, and faid unto him, u O
,4'.f..l'.'3.L.3ke man of God, I pray thee, let my life,
and the life of thefe fifty thy fervants, be
precious in thy fight.
14 Behold, there came fire down from
heaven, and0burnt up the two captains
of the former fifties with their fifties :
therefore let my life now be precious in
thy fight.
15 And the angel of the Lord faid
x6rii''47'ie"4k'.?' unto Elijah, Go down with him; "be not
"eb: afraid of him. And he arofe, and went
down with him unto the king.
1 6 And he faid unto him/ y Thus faith
the Lord, Forafmuch as thou haft fent
meffengers to inquire of Baal-zebub the
god of Ekron, (is it not becaufe there is
no God in Ifrael to inquire of his word?)
therefore thou fhalt not come down off
that bed on which thou art gone up, but
fhalt furely die.
1 7 5f So he died, according to the word
of the Lord which Elijah had fpoken.
that yehcram vm And l Jehoram reigned in his ftead in the
Frorex, and the * 1"/ /"TI 1 (* /* T 1
b$%taT a./". i€Cond year °r Jehoram the ion or Jeno-
3.1 Kin. 22. si. fhaphat king ofjudah, becaufe he had
no ion,
18 Now athe reft of the afts of Aha
ziah which he did, are they not written

ij. 6. & 56. 4.

y Exod. 4.22. 1 Sam.
2. 27. 2 Sain, 12.
11. 1 Kin. 12. 24.
& 14. 6, 7. ver. j,
4, (^ Ezek. 2. 7. «
3. 17-. jer. 23. 28.

a, The fecond year

1 iK-in 14. 19.&T5,
jt. &c i'j 5,14,22,
27. &c 22. 39.

in the book of the chronicles of the kings
of Ifrael ? CHAP. II.
Here is ( I ) The miraculous tranftation of Elijah to
heaven without tafting of death. He takes his leave
tf the young ¦ prophets, and efpecially of Elijha, who
adheres to him till the laft, when angels carry him
up into heaven; and Elijha laments Ifrael's loft for
want of him; I — 12. (2) The miraculous mani
feft ati on of Elijha to be his fucceffor in office, by his
dividing of Jordan, 13, 14; by the refpeSt paid to
him by the young prophets, 15 — 18; by his healing
the unwholefome waters of Jericho, 19 — 22; and by
the deftruRion of the children of Beth-el, who mocked
him, by two bears; 23 — 25.
AND it came to pafs, whfti the Lord
would a take up Elijafi into heaven
by a whirlwind, that Elijah went b with
Elifha from c Gilgal.
2 And Elijah faid unto Elifha, d Tarry
here, I pray thee ; for the Lord hath
fent me to Beth-el. And Elifha faid unto
him, e As the Lord liveth, and as thy
foul liveth, f I will not leave thee. So
they went down to g Beth-el.
2 And the h fons of the prophets that
were at Beth-el came forth to Elifha,
and faid unto him, Knoweft thou that
the Lord will take away thy mafter
'from thy head to-day? And he faid,
Yea, I know // ; hold ye your peace.
4 And Elijah faid unto him, Elifha,
tarry here, I pray thee ; for the Lord
hath fent me to k Jericho. And he faid,
As the Lord liveth, and as thy foul liveth,
I will not leave thee. So they came to
Jericho. 5 And the fons -of the prophets that
were at Jericho came to Elifha, and faid
unto him, Knoweft thou that the Lord
will take away thy mafter from thy head
to-day ? And he anfwered, Yea, I know
it ; hold ye. your peace.

Before Chrift
896.

a Gen. 5. 24. Heb.
11. 5. A6ts I. 9.
b 1 Kin. 19. zi.
c Jcfh. 4. 19. & 5.0.
I Sam-. 11. 15.
d Ruth J. 1;. Jobs 6.
67. Luke 24. 28.

e Judg. 8. 19. Ruth
3. 1 J. 2 bam. 15.
21. ver. a, 6. ch. 4.
30.
f Seech. 4. 30. Ruth
1. 16, 17. John 0.
68. Acts 11. 21.
Luke 24. 29.
g Gen. 28. 19. & 12.
3. Sc ij. 3. cc 31.
IJ- & IS- 1.5.6.
7 15. Jofh. 8. o.
1 Kin. iz. 29. Sc
IJ. II.
hiKin. 18.4.4-20.
35-1 Sam. 19. 20.
ver. 5, 7, 15. ch. 4.
I.&9. 1. U.S. 18.
i Deut. 1 j. j. ch. 4.
38. A& 12. j.

k Jolh. 2. 1. Sc vi. Sc
18. 21. 1 Kin. 16.
34. Which it was
fewful to inhabit,
though not te te*
bttlld.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — If we apoftatize from God we
need not wonder that our inferiors revolt from or rebel againft us.
Death often apprehends men when and where they leaft expefted
it. And much more ready are men curioufly to inquire when
they fhall die than to prepare for a happy death. Many choofe
rather to rilk their expenfe and toil, nay, their damnation, in con-
fultinij the devil, than to confult God freely, to their prefent and
eternal advantage. Perfecutors and mockers of God's faithful
prophets and meflengers fhall not efcape unpunifhed. Such as
have turned afide to idolatry, even after miraculous demonftrations

of the wickednefs of it, richly deferve death for their punifhment:
and, if they will harden their heart againft the terrors of God, it is
juft that their deftrudtion be uncommonly terrible. The way to
prevail with God is not to infult him, but humbly to bow before-
him ; and the fufferings of others fhould be our warning. God
can endow his fervants with fuch honourable boldnefs that captains
and kings look contemptible before them. And thofe who confult;
the devil, if fuperaboundrng mercy prevent not, may expect foon to
have their lodging with him in hell.

Elijah is tranflatedto heaven.

CHAP. IT.

Beftrcchru, 6 An^ g^^ ^ unt0 ft^ i Tarry,
ueevet.z.  I pray thee, here ; for the Lord hath
fent me to Jordan. And he faid, As the
Lord liveth, and as thy foul liveth, I
will not leave thee. And they two went
on. 7 And fifty men of the fons of the
"""^".^''Aft. prophets went, and ftood m to view afar
1 '• off: and they two ftood by Jordan.
» iKm. i5. u, •?. 8 And Elijah took "his mantle, and
wrapped it together, and fmote the
* joih-'jll^e".. waters, and they were ° divided hither
and thither;-, fo that they two went over
on dry ground.
9 ^[ And it came to pafs, when they
were gone over, that Elijah faid unto
'?!a?i.T&. Eiima> p Afk what I fhall do for thee
kiiAt*^: before I be taken away from thee. And
,^",'.^..s. Elifha faid, I pray thee, let a 1 double
john ,«.7.* 4. portion of thy fpirit be upon me.
tnA-rhtsha/um. 10 And he faid, + Thou haft afked a
tmt'i.T."1' hard thing: neverthelefs , if 'thou r fee me
when I am taken from thee, it fhall be fo
unto thee ; but, if not, it fhall not beyo.
1 1 And it came to pafs, as they ftill
went oh and talked, that, behold, there
'"^.t^llHef. appeared 'a chariot of fire, and horfes of
£u'k4e""?i!SAc?.' fire, and parted them both afunder; and
Elijah went up by a whirlwind into
heaven. 12 ^[ And Elifha faw if, and he cried,
'Sm.'SmU'S* * My father, my father, the chariot of
'#£&$& Ifrael, and the horfemen thereof. And
zzlio. *3' " ' he u faw him no more : and he took hold
«Heb.u.j.Aa... Q£ n-s OWIl clothes, and xrent them in
""jdiW* two pieces.
.san,°4.'.7z.' j^ jje y took up alfo the mantle of
r .e^.V9' IS' '9' Elijah that fell from him, and went back
t neb, s,. and ftood by the + bank of Jordan ;
1 4 And he took the mantle of Elijah
«£•«'•*. John that fell from him, and * fmote the
waters, and faid, Where is the Lord
God of Elijah ?. And, when he alfo had
imitten the waters, they parted hither
and thither; and Elifha went over.
ij And when the fons of the prophets,
jv«.7. who wer€ ato v;ew at Jericho, faw him,
they faid, The fpirit of Elijah doft reft

•Reflections upon Chap, II. — What honour God delights to

Elifha curfes blafphemous children.
on Elifha. And they came to meet him, z%fim
and b bowed themfelves to the ground bc«,.,».z. &,,.,.
.r-.. - ° , ch. 4. 57.
before him.
16 ^[ And they faid unto him, Behold ~
now there be with thy fervants fifty
* ftrong men ; let them go, we pray_t"e|,-.'«''//™»i<K
thee, and feek thy mafter : left peradven
ture the Spirit of the Lord hath taken
him up, and caft him upon cfome moun- c "t;,""/'^.
tain or into fome valley. And he faid, Ye Aas'ii9. '.'
fhall not fend.
1 7 And, when they d urged him till he 'TfcV.-^f
was afhamed, he faid, Send. They fent z.'^f'4'1
therefore fifty men ; and they fought three
days, but found him not.
18 And, when they came again to him,
(for he tarried at Jericho,) he faid unto
them, Did I not lay unto you, Go not ?
19 ^[ And the men of the city faid
unto Elifha, Behold, I pray thee, the
fituation of this city is pleafant, as my
lord feeth : but the c water is naught, and c ;;f;f; ^- ,K"'-
the ground H barren.
20 And he faid, Bring me a new crufe,
and put f fait therein. And they brought '^1:1^^):
it to him.
21 And he went forth unto the fpring
of the waters, and caft the fait in there,
and faid, Thus faith the Lord, e I have Bl^:lVsl'ti.
healed thefe waters; there fhall not be F"n-lQ-il'
from thence any more death or barren land.
22 So the waters were healed unto this
day, according to the faying of Elifha
which he fpake.
23 5f And he went up from thence unto
h Beth-el: and, as he was going up by h ^Ll.*?'^
the wav, there came forth little children slrfd^lifii.
out of the city, and ' mocked him, and 1 Gen. 21.9.021. 4,
faid unto him, Go k up, thou bald head ; j'^is";.' "
I 1111 11 2 Chr. 36.16.
go up, thou bald head ! kver.u.
24 And he turned backhand looked on
them, and 1 curfed them in the name of ll?fdt"t£ ll'
the Lord. And there came forth two
fhe-bears out of the wood, and tare forty
and two children of them.
25 And he went from thence to m mount ^j?-,;?;^:
Carmel, and from thence he returned fo ,°,h"i6-
„ c • n 1 Kin. 16. 24,217,
"Samaria. =h- j- * & <¦:• *-

(1 Heb. eaujn£ tf m,f-
tarrj.

& IJ. 9— 'II. ier.
10. 1— .4-xsviii. ic
is). 24 — %%. ic 36.
iy— ji, & n. 21

put upon his;faithful -fervants !

The leaft of them ihall lack nothing

of Elijah's happinefs, but that they muft lodge a little in the grave
on thc way to their perfect felicity above. Faithful faints have the
Zzz

Jehoram reigns better than Ahab...

H. KINGS.

The i/Loabites rebel againfl Ifrael.

BeTor*Chri* 896.

CHAP. III.

a 1 Kin. 22. 51- ch. 1,
27. Sc 8. 16.

b Ch. 6. 51. ver. 3.
ciKin.l6.3J.&2l. zc, 25. ch. 9. zz.

• Heb. fiatue.
A 1 Kin. 16. 31, 32.
e Ch. 10. 28— jr.
Mark 6. 20, 27.
J Kin. 12. 28-^33.
Sc 13. 33. & 16.19.

flf. iS. I. Job I. 3.
Gen 13. 2. ch. 17.
11. & 27. 5. 1 Chr.
27. 29—31.

?96.
gCh.i.i.

Here /f, (1) The character of Jehoram, the fecond fon
of Ahab, who reigned after Ahaziah ; bad, but better
than his parents; i — 3. (2) His preparation to
reduce the Moabites, who had rebelled and withdrawn
their tribute ever fince Ahab's death; and his engag
ing the affifance of the Jews and Edomites; 4 — 9.
(3) The diftrefs of their army, through want of
water, in their march ; and Elifha's miraculous
fupply of it from regard to Jehojhaphat, and his
promife of fuccefs; 9 — 20. (4) Their eafy viclory
over the deceived Moabites ; their dfiruftion of the
country ; and the barbarous Jtratagem ufect'by the
king of Moab to make them raife the fiege of his
capital; 11 — If.
NOW Jehoram the fon of Ahab began
to reign over Ifrael in Samaria the
a eighteenth year of Jehofhaphat king of
Judah, and reigned twelve years.
2 And he b wrought evil in the fight
of the Lord ; but c not like his father
and like his mother; for he put away
the * d image of Baal that his father had
made. 2 Neverthelefs, e he cleaved unto the
fins of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, who
made Ifrael to fin ; he departed not there
from. 4 ^[ And Mefha king of Moab was a
f fheep mafter, and rendered unto the
king of Ifrael an hundred thoufand lambs,
and an hundred thoufand rams, with the
wool. 5 But it came to pafs, when gAhab was

Before Chrift
8y6.

hi Sam. 11. 8:4V 15,
4. 21>ara. 24. 1.
I Kin. 20. 15. ch.
II- S-

dead, that the king of Moab rebelled
againft the king of Ifrael.
6 % And king Jehoram went out of
Samaria the fame time, and h numbered
all Ifrael.
7 And he went and fent to Jehofhaphat
the king of Judah, faying, The king of
Moab hath rebelled againft me : ' wilt
thou go with me againft Moab to battle ?
And he faid, I will go up : * I am as thou
art, my people as thy people, and my
horfes as thy horfes.
8 And he faid} Which way fhall we go
up ? And he anfwered, The way through
the k wildernefs of Edom.
9 So the ' king of Ifrael went, and the
king ofjudah, and the king of Edom:
and they fetched a compafs of feven days'
journey: and there was no Water for the
hoft, and for the cattle m that followed
them. 1 o And the king of Ifrael faid, "Alas,
that the Lord hath called thefe three
kings together, to deliver them into the
hand of Moab !
11 But Jehofhaphat faid, "Is t there not H^;^:*™.'
here a prophet of the LoRd, that we may
inquire of the Lord by him ? And one
, of the king of Ifrael's fervants anfwered
and faid, Here is Elifha the fon of Sha
phat, who p poured water on the hands
of Elijah.

89r.,

i 1 Kin. 22. 4. 2 Chr.
«¦ 3.Z'3, ii.

t We are all as one
naliin, and equal
ly hearty in itie
work.

k Num. 21. 4. ver. 0.
Mal. 1. 2, 3. *
lVer.6, 7. 2 Kin. 22.
47. Gen. 27. 40.
zbam. 8. 14.

m Hell, at their feet.
Exod. H.18. Judg.
4. 10.
11 Ver. 9. Gen. 4. 13,
Pi. 78. 34-38-
Prov. 19. 3. Jude
16. lee Exod. 15,
24. 8c 16. 2. Sc 17.
2, 3. Rev. 21. 8.

p Gen, 18. 4. John
ij. 5.^ r. e. lervcd

good ofthe rifing generation much on their heart; and we fliould
make the moll of their converfation while we can have it. It is
very difbrefling, though hopeful, to part with dear friends, high in
favour with God. And how eafy and majeftic is their compofed
retirement to the heavenly ftate, even in their paffage through
Jordans of trouble and of death ! The removal of fuch is indeed
a great lofs to churches and nations, efpecially if iniquity be come
to a great height. But when God removes one eminent fervant
he can raife up another equally endowed with the Holy Ghoft.
And when an animating pattern, a powerful prayer of faith, and
the diftinguifhed prefence of God, concur, there is great ground of
hope. They v/hom God honours ought to be honoured; and the
ftrong muft bear with the infirmities of the weak. A people
ought to make all the profitable improvement of their minifters
they can while they have them : for what bitternefs, barrennefs,
and death, can God cure by their gofpel minift rations ! They often
bring, even to accurfed places, the moft diftinguifhed mercies where
providence orders tbeir lot. But how terrible are the confe-
quenccs cf idolatry, and of carelefs education of children! For
parejits are often punifhed for- their neglect or bad example ia the
lofs, the wretchednefs, or ruin, of their feed !
But ftop, thou afcending Elijah, till, y» thy character and work,

I contemplate the glories of my Redeemer. His call to his me
diatorial office was folemn ; and was remarkably confirmed by mi
racles of mercy and judgment. His condition on earth was mean,
afRidied, and perfecuted. His holy zeal was ardent; his rebukes
pungent ; his denunciations of wrath terrible and effective ; his
prayers for mercy to his friends, or deftruftion to his foes, were
always prevalent; his faft was long and afflicting; his great facri
fice was inflamed by infinite and unquenchable love from within,
and by infinite wrath from above : and by means of it he fhewed
the Lord to be God, reftored the true worfhip of God in the
world, and made the unclean fpirits and falfe prophets to pais out
of the land. By him kings are appointed to death or dominion ;
and prophets, apoftles, and minifters, called to, and furnifhed for,
their office. In high fovereigntv he removed his ordinances from
the Jews, that he might dwell with raven-like publicans and fin
ners ; dwell with long- widowed Gentiles, and reftore to life their
children, dead in trefpafles and fins. Baptized in Jordan, and tra
velling through trouble and death, he afcended to heaven without
feeing corruption. In vain have the Jews: ever fince fearched for
a promifed Meffiah. And dreadful and lafting vengeance has or
fhall overtake his Jewifh, heathen, antichriftian, or other obftinate
enemies, according to the predictions of his mouth.

*fhree armies fupplied voith

CHAP. III.

water by a miracle.

Before Chrift
.895-
q 1 Sain. 3.20. en. z.
¦ 14s zi, 24.

tPf. 7S. 34— 38. Jer.
22.23. ch. 5.9. Sc
8. 7— 9. Sc 13.14.
I Sam. 2. 30.
% John 2. 4. Judg. to.
,4. 1 Kin. iS. 19.
Ezek. 14. 3.

r D,;ut.;2. 39. Ho*",
6. 1. fee ver. 10.

u t1.':-!. 17. I Sc 18.
15 ch. 5.16.

jt:Chr. 17. 3 — 9. Sc
ig, 3—11. Pi. 15

y 1 Sam. to. 5. & 16.
23. Kyh. 5. 18. -

TtEzek.l.3.&3.22. & 8. I. 1 Kin. 18.
46. Dan. z. 17.

a Ch. 4. 3. Gen. 14. a
io.
fe 1 Kin. t8.- 38. Pf,
Ji 6. Sc Sc. 6.

c iKin. 3. 13. Eph.
3. 20,

ilSam. ij. j. 1 Kin.
20. 28.. Deut. 20.
19. vct. 25.

t Hefj. grieve.

€ E-.'d. 1Q. 39.
I Kin. 18. 36.

1 2 And jehofhaphat faid, i The word
of the Lord is with him. So the king
of Ifrael, and Jehofhaphat,. and the king
of Edom, r went down to him.
1 2 And Elifha faid unto the king of
Ifrael, s What have I to do with thee ?
get thee to the prophets of thy father, and
to( the prophets of thy mother. And the
king of Ifrael faid unto him, Nay ; ' for
the Lord ' hath called thefe three kings
together, to deliver them into the hand
of Moab. 14 And Elifha faid, " As the Lord of
hofts liveth, before whom I ftand, furely,
were it not x that I regard the prefence of
Jehofhaphat the king ofjudah, I would
not look toward thee, nor fee thee.
, 15 But now y bring me a minftrel.
And it came to pafs, when the minftrel
played, that *-the hand of the Lord came
upon him.
16 And he faid, Thus faith the Lord,
Make this valley full of ditches.
17 For thus faith the Lord, b Ye fhall
not fee wind, neither fhall ye fee rain ;
yet that valley fhall be filled with water,
that ye may drink ; both ye, and your
cattle, and your beafts.
1 8 And this c is but a light thins; in
the fight of the Lord*: he will deliver
the Moabites alfo into your hand.
1 9 And ye d fhall fmite every fenced
city, and every choice city, and fhall fell
every good tree, and ftop all wells of
water, and "•" mar every good piece of
land with ftones.
20 ^[ And it came to pafs in the morn
ing, c when the meat-offering was offered,
that, behold, there came water by the

way of Edom,
filled with water
And,

and the country f was Beo8*

Before Chrift
5-

21

f if. 35 6. &41. 17,
when all the Moabites heard *'*$»¦ '
& 107. 35.

that the kings were come

againft

tht

up
gathered

fight

114. 8.

to all that
and up

em, they
were able to *put on armour,
ward, and flood in the border.
22 And they rofe up early in the morn
ing, and the fun fhone upon the water,
and the Moabites faw the water on the
other fide as red as blood :
23 And they faid, This is blood : the
kings are furely + flain, and they have
fmitten one another ; now therefore,
Moab, to the fpoil.
24 And, when they came to the camp
of Ifrael, the Ifraelites rofe up and fmote
the Moabites, fo that they» fled before
them : but + they went forward fmiting
the Moabites, even in their country.
25 s And they beat down the cities ; and
on every good piece of land caft every man
his ftone, and filled it; and they flopped
all the wells of water, and felled all the
good trees : h only in Kir-harafeth left
they the ftones thereof; howbeit, the
flingers went about it, and fmote it.
26 5T And, when the king of Moab faw
that the battle was too fore for him, he
took with him feven hundred men that

|( Heb. were cried
together.
* Heb. £irdh[~fU
with a girdle

Heb. deJh-Bjsd.

t Or they fmnte in i
men Jmituig.

g Ver. ig.

h Heb.until heiefiithe
ftones theeeof>jn
Kirharafeth.li.l6,
7>«. Jer. 48.3*

through

even

but they could

drew fwords, to break
unto the king of Edom
not, 27 Then he took i his eldeft
fliould have reigned in his ftead, and of-
fered him for a burnt-offering upon the
walk And there was great indignation
againft Ifrael :, and they II de-parted from "&^.*3$L
him, and returned to their ozvn land.

fon that iPof'^sh?okn!ns
Amos 2. 1,

-lately rel'olute.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — To be better than monfters
in crimes is no evidence of real goodnefs : and a partial reforma
tion is often made without real converfion. To forbear the fins
which we no longer love, while we cleave to thofe which are more
pleafing and profitable, thews the infincerity of our pretended re
pentance. Sinners prefer the recovery 'of outward lofTes to all the
advantages of real godlinefs ; and they readily court the friendfhip
©f fuch faints as are remarkably profperous in outward things.
Rafh counfels generally drive men into great ftraits ; and thefe into
murmuring againft the providence of God. And, if we keep com
pany with finners, we are in danger of fmarting under their rod.
Afflictions often drive thofe to God who in their profperity neg-
Jected him. His mercies are not only beyond our defert, but be

yond our expectation ; and others fare the better for their connec
tions with his people ; for he will not leave his own who cry unto
him, even in the ftraits into which their folly has plunged them.
What a remarkable bleffing are pious commanders and faithful
minifters to armies! and the effectual fervent prayer of a righteous
OTian availeth much. Flow compofed ought our minds to be in all
our approaches to God! And never muft we expect a gracious
anfwer to our requefts, but -only through Jefus' offering of himfelf
a facrifice for fins. Haw ftrangely men fancy what they wifh !
for God often infatuates thofe whom he intends to, deftroy; ;ahd
makes them to riifh headlong upon their own deftruction. What
inhuman and bloody -courfes will people take to procure the favour
of their idol, or to mark themfelves defperately obftinate !
Z z z 2

The good Shunamite relieved

II. KINGS.

from her hardffifis by Elifha..

Before Chrift
895-

a I Kin. ic. ai, jr).
ch. a. 3, 5, 7, 15.
ver. 38. 11. 8. 18.

b I Kin. 18. 3. Neh.
7. 1. Eccl. 9. 1.
Mal.3. 16. pf.ut.
10. Prov. 1. 7.
Deut. 6.13.
c Mat. iS. 2;. Neh.
5.2,5.1^.25.39.
d Ch. i.Q. Sc6. o65
27. Afts 3. 6.

eT?it to be fold.
Ver. 7.

f I Kin. 17*11. Jam.
2. 5. Deut. 31.36.
jCh. j. 16. 2 Cot. 6.
14. Mat. 7. 7. Eph.
3. 20.
» Qt feint *H.

* Mal. 6. 6. Mxrkc.
40. Aits 9. 40. v«i.
i*. f Kin. 17. 2a
Uric 5. 4:.

5 Not as ch, 5. TI.
but iKin. 17. 15,
16.

> Mat. 14.M.& ij.

1 John 6. 11. 1 Kin.
17. 14. jofh. 5. 12.
jn Lake 17. 15, 18.
n Or trtdittr. Rom.
13.7,8. 1 Thef. z,
30. & 4. 6. Heb.
13. 18. Pf. 37. 1.
i Heb. r'rir* wai «
da,.
0 Jofli. 19. 18, 1 Sam.
28.4.
% Heb. /,j.i /-.,'d «i
him.
f Luke 14. 29. A/t,
J6. 15. Gen. 19. 3.

G H A P. IV.
By his prayers, Elijha had faved three armies from
ruin, and had procured them an eafy triumph ; yet
no man rewarded him : but God here magnifies him
exceedingly in ivorking five illuflrious miracles.
( 1 ) To enable a poor prophet's widow to pay her
debt and maintain her famUy, he multiplies her potful
cf oil; 1 — 7. (2) In gratitude to his kind hoftefs,
a Shunammite, he obtains for her a fon in her old age;
8—17. (3) When the child dies he reftores him to
life; 18 — 37. (4) By a little meal he prevents the
deadly influence of pottage of wild gourds ; 38 — 4.1 .
(5) He feeds an hundred men with twenty fmall
loaves of barley meal; 41, 42.
NOW there cried a certain woman
of the wives of the a fons of the
prophets unto Elifha, faying, Thy fer
vant my hufband is dead ; and thou
knoweft that thy fervant did b fear the
Lord : and the creditor is come to take
unto him my two fons to c be bond
men. 2 And Elifha faid unto her, d What
fhall 1 do for thee ? tell me, what hafl:
thou e in the houfe ? And fhe faid, Thine
handmaid hath not any thing in the
houfe f fave a pot of oil.
2 Then he faid, s Go, borrow thee vef
fels abroad of all thy neighbours, even
empty veffels: * borrow not a few.
4 And, when thou art come in, thou
fhalt h fhut the door upon thee and upon
thy fons, and fhalt pour out into all thofe
veffels, and thou fhalt fet afide that which
is full. 5 So fhe ' went from him, and fhut
the door upon her and upon her fons,
who brought the veffels to her, and fhe
poured out.
6 And it came to pafs, when the vef
fels were k full, that fhe faid unto her fon,
Bring me yet a veffel. And he faid unto
her, 'There is not a veffel more. And the
oil 'flayed.
7 Then fhe came and m told the man
of God. And he faid, Go, fell the oil,
and pay thy "debt, and live thou and thy
children of the reft.
8 f And t it fell on a day that Elifha
paffed to ° Shunem, where was a great
woman ; "" and fhe * p conftrained him to
eat bread. And fo it was, that, as oft
8

fcelb-e Chrifl
895.

o, Prov. 31. 10, 11.
J Pet. 3. 1.

r /udg.lj.fi. 2 Cor.
1. 12. Afts 24. 16,
I The . 2. 10.
1 Tim. 6. 11, 12.

as he paffed by, he turned in thither to
eat bread.
9 And fhe ' faid unto her hufband,
Behold, now, I perceive that this is an
r holy man of God, who palfeth by us
continually. 10. 5 Let us make a little chamber, I 'Ktni&X..
pray thee, on the wall ; and let us fet for lo-Vi*
him there a bed, and a table, and a ftool,
and a candleftick : and it fhall be, when
he cometh to us, that he fhall turn in
thither. 1 j And it fell on a day that he came
thither, and he turned into the chamber,
and lay' there.
1 2 And he faid to Gehazi his fervant,.
Call this Shunammite. And, when he-
had called her, flie ftood before him.
13 And he faid unto him, Say nor
unto her, Behold, thou haft been 'care- ' L,nc't%%^
ful for us with all this care ; what is to 5£«.'i.'£ti.
be done for thee r wouldeft thou be
fpoken for u to the king, or to the captain u &Y V' ,s~*
of the hoft ? And fhe anfwered, x I dwell x »t™-^»- Heb.
* 1 j. <-* am content
among mine own people. «*«* my «»*»..
1 4 And he faid, What then is to be
done for her ? And Gehazi anfwered,
Verilv y fhe hath no child, and her huf- yT$%%%':
. , ". , , 11. 1 Sara. 1.2,4.
band is old. Lukei.:.
1 5 And he faid, Call her. And, when
he had called her, fhe ftood in the door.
16 And he faid, * About this * feafon, •"
according to the time of life,
embrace a fon. And fhe faid, Nay, my
lord, thou man of God, do not lie unto
thine handmaid.
1 7 And the woman a conceived, and > »s»». ». 17, »?
/ - Mat.- ia. ai. Heb
bare a fon at that feafon that Elifha had
faid unto her, according to the time of
life. 1 8 % And, when the child was grown,
it fell on a day that he went out to his
father to the reapers.
1 9 And he faid unto his father, b My
head, my head ! And he laid to a lad,
Carry him to his mother.
20 And, when he had taken him, and
brought him to his c mother, he fat on c,Tin ''^
her knees till noon, and then d died.
21 And fhe went up, and laid him

ver. 28.
thou flialt *»*£**£;,
this.

Mat.- 10. 41. Hcbw ,,
11. 11. Gen. 25.
it. Judg. 13. 1+
Luke 1, 7, 57.

S92.

b Job 14. 1, k J. 7.
Jer. 4. 19. 1 Kill,
8. 38. ¦

,1 Con ». 2. Sc 37.
5,35. 1 Kin. 17.17.
Ezek. 24.1IV is.

$he Shunamhe1 $ fon dics^

A

C HAP. IV.

and is raife d to life by Elifha*

Before Chrift
892.
* iKin. 17. 19. Heb.
IJ. is- vet. 10.

ft Kin. 17. »t. ver.
26. Jer. 51.31.

e on the bed: ©f the man of God, and (hut
the door upon him, and went out. .
22 And fhe called unto her hufband,
and laid, Send me, I pray thee, one of
the young men and one of the afles, that
I'may f run to the man of God and come

31. Prov. 8. 34.
2 Tim. 4. 2.
JiHcb fttui.Ver. 36.
I Exod. 4- 20. Judg
5. 10. & 10. 4.
1 Kin. 13. I], l].
I Sam. 1$. £3.
|c Heb. rtgrain n»t
for m« tiride.
£ccl. 9. 10.

asrain. o
23 And he faid, Wherefore wilt thou
g Num. 28. 9,1 1. pr. go to him to-day ? it is neither 'new moon
nor fabbath. And flie faid, 7/ fhall be
h well. 24 Then fhe ' faddled an afs, and faid
to her-fervant, Drive, and go forward ;
k (lack not thy riding for me, except I
bid thee.
25 So fhe went, and came unto the

him, &

ay mg,

The

Before Cnriit
89Z-.

2 Ver. 4, r. i Kin.
17.23 Ma Ic 5. 4c.
Jam. 5. 13— ia.
Ac\s 9. 40. Sc 29.

1 jcih. 19. 26. ch. 2. man
25. 1 Kin. 18. 19— "•"»"
4;. Jer. 46. iS. If.
X- *• Sc 33. 9.

fn Ver. M. Zech. 2.
4- Mat. 15.21, 12.

of God l to mount Carmel. And it
came to pafs, when the man of God faw
her afar off, that he faid to Gehazi his
fervant, Behold, yonder is that Shunam
mite: 26 m Run now, I pray thee, to meet
her, and fay unto her, Is it well with
thee ? is it well with thy hufband ? is it
well with the child ? And fhe anfwered,
7/ is well.
27 And, when fhe came to the man of
""teM.'g/'"' God to the hill,, fhe caught "him by the
"""'»'» John* feet : l>ut Gehazi came near to "thruft
her away. And the man of God faid,
'?io*^'.,4Sa,a Let her alone, for her foul is p vexed
«2sli.'7,.3.Wiih within her; and the Lord hath i hid //
"¦' 6'"' from me, and hath not told me.
rGcn.jai.ver.,6. 28 Then fhe faid, r Did I defire a fon
of my lord ? did I not fay, Do not deceive
me? 29 Then he faid to Gehazi, s Gird up
_ thy loins, and take l my ftaff in thine
Kj4- AciiVii. hand, and go thy way : if thou meet any
"Zfid'i&V,* man, u falute him not ; and, if any falute
all poflible fpced. , r . . . *
thee, anfwer him not again : and lay my
ftaff upon the face of the child.
30 And the mother of the child faid,
'^Vg^^As the Lord liveth, and as thy foul
ixo'd-pl",^ liveth, I will not leave thee. And he
arofe, and followed her.
31 And Gehazi pafled on before them,
and laid the ftaff upon the face of the
r26,,iJ7',',lc'I': child ; but ? there was neither voice nor
•m.tuutttim. *hparincr« wherefore he went

9 B*od. 12. if.
1 Kin. 18. eli. ch.
9. J.
< Emd. 4. 17. ch.

hearing:

again

to

meet him, and told
child is not awaked. .
32 And, when Elifha was come into
the houfe, behold, the child was dead,
and laid upon his bed.
22 He went in therefore, z and fhut
the door upon them twain, and prayed
unto the Lord.
34 And he went up, and a lay upon if^,\lS:,%X,
the child, and put his mouth upon his
mouth, and his eyes upon his eyes,
and his hands upon his hands ; and he
ftretched himfelf upon the child, and the
flefh of the child waxed warm.
25 Then he returned, and b walked in b £PT '":»"• '"
the houfe r to and fro; and went up, and + "<*• •«•' *«*«%
n 111'/-!/' 1 • 11 " *"£f thither.
ftretched himfelf upon him: and the
c child fneezed feven times, and the child
opened his eyes.
36 And he called Gehazi, and' faid^,
Call this Shunammite. So he called her.-
And, when fhe was come in unto him,.
he faid, d Take up thy fon.
27 Then fhe went in, and efell at his
feet, and bowed herfelf to the ground,
and f took up her fon, and went out.
38 ^F And Elifha g came again to * $•£ »: *»* >°-
Gilgal. And there was a h dearth in the h DeUt. is. 22-24,
land; and the 'fons ofthe prophets were h~i"- £'+-*•
. . r x K.3. 1. ch. tf. 1.
k fitting before him : and he faid unto his i see ver. 1.
fervant, Set on the great pot, and feethe k^,fce.c0hJ? Aa'
pottage for the fons of the prophets. *'°" * "¦
39 And one went out into the field to
gather herbs, and found a wild vine, and
gathered thereof wild gourds his lap full,-
and came and fhred them into the pot of
pottage : for they l knew them not
40 So they poured out for the men to
eat. And it came to pafs, as they were
eating of the pottage, that they cried out
and faid, O m thou man of God, there n is
death in the pot. And they could not eat
thereof. 41 But he faid, Then bring meal. And
he" caft // into the pot ; and he faid, Pour ° l*£ci?:lszl?h£
out for the people, that they may eat. s''°'
And there was no + harm in the pot. t net. ,»« n;v.
42 % And there came a man from
p Baal-fhalifha, and 1 brought the man of "'J™'94'
God bread ofthe firft fruits, twentv loaves " "¦<****¦*•*•»¦

c Ch. 8. t. 5. S: 1 ;.
21. iKin. i~. --..
Luke. 7. ij. Ic TJ,
55- John n. 44.
Acts 9. 40, ic- 10. .

dlKin. 17. 23. Luke
7. 15. Heb. II. 35.
eCh. 2. 15. tXin. ,.
13, ver. 27.
f Heb. 11. 35. 1 Kin.
17. 23.

I I Tim. 1. 7. Mat,
ij. 14.

m Jofh. 14. 6. Judg.
136,8. 1 Kin. 12.
2:.&i3. I-Sc 17.
24.
n £xoil. 10. 17.

Elifha feeds an hundred men.

II. ICINGS.

Naaman is fent to Elifha f of a cure.

Before Chri'H
891.
41 Or in hitfcrif.

r Luke 9. 13. John 6.

9. Num. 11.13, s-z.
Mat. 14. 31. Mark x J~ J
5. 36. 1 fet

of barley, and full ears of corn * in the
hufk thereof. And he faid, Give unto
the people, that they may eat.
43 And his fervitor faid, What, r fhould
this before an hundred men ? He
faid again, Give the people, that they
>lV.)ttf£,\% may eat: for thus faith the Lord, sThey
fhall eat, and fhall leave thereof.
44 So he fet it before them, and they
<&id eat, and left thereof, according to the
word of the Lord.
CHAP. V.
Records two more of Elifha' s miracles. (1) He cures
Naaman the Syrian's leprofy : concerning which,
obferve, ' Naaman's high honour and loathfome dif-
temper, I : * How the information of a captive
maid, a letter from the king of Syria to the king of
Ifrael, and an invitation from Elijha, brought him
for his cure, 2- — 8 : 3 Elijha declines fpeaking to
him, but orders him to wafl) feven times in Jordan ;
io which, by the entreaty of his fervants, he fubmits,
and is' healed, 9 — 14. : 4 Naaman's grateful acknow
ledgments to Elijha, and refolutions to ferve the true
God, 15 — I g : (2) He inflitls the leprofy upon
¦Gehazi his own fervant. Here, 1 Gehazi belies
his mafter to Naaman, and again lies to his mafter
when calling him to account, 26 — 25 : * To punifh
his -diffmulation and falfehood, Naaman's leprofy is
entailed on him and his feed; 26, 27.
OW a Naaman, captain of the hoft

895.
a'Lukc 4. 27.
b Hxo.d. 11. 3. ch 4.
8. Prov. 22. 29. Sc
td\ 35. & 17. 2.
•Heb. hefcre.
f Or t;ra inns.
^'Hcb. lifted up, or
accepted in ceuntc-
vane.
C Or vielorf. If.io. 5.

N

of the king of Syria, was a

great

man *with his mafter, and "^honour
able, becaufe by hini the Lord had given
6 deliverance unto Syria ; he was alfo a

mighty man in valour; but he was d a
leper. 2 And the Syrians had goneout:eby
companies, and had, brought away cap
tive out of the land of Ifrael a little
maid, and fhe >*£ waited on Naaman's
wife. 3 And fhe s faid unto her miftrefs,
Would God my lord were fh with the
prophet that is in Samaria ! for he wouM
' recover him of his leprofy.
4 And one went in, and told his lord,
faying, Thus and thus faid k the maid
that is ofthe land of Ifrael. ;
5 And the king of Syria faid, Go to,
go, and I will fend a letter unto the king
'of Ifrael. And he departed1, and ' took
+ with him " ten talents of filver,- and- fix
thoufand^/ttw of gold, and mten changes
of raiment.
6 And he brought the letter to the
king of Ifrael, faying, Now, when this
letter is come unto thee, behold, I have
therewith fent Naaman my fervant to
thee, that thou mayeft recover him' of
his leprofy.
y And it came to pafs, when the king
of Ifrael had read the letter, that he rent
his clothes, and faid, " Ami God, to kill
and to make alive, that this man doth
fend unto me to recover a man of his

1 3efore Chrift
¦»9S-
d Lcv.i3.8-.Num.$. 2, ch.7. 3'M4t.3.
2. Luke 17. 12,
2 Cor. 12. 7.
e Ch. 6. 23. Judg. cs.
r Heb. gc before.
fPf.IIj. 2.
g 1 Cor. 1. 27, 28.
t Heb. before.
h I Kin. 16. 24, 19,
ch, 3. 1.
i Heb. rather in.
Lev. xiii. xiv. •
Mat. 8. 3.0V 11, 'j.
Luke 17. 14,
k Job it. 13. Rom.
10. 16. Prov. tc.

1 Num.,22. 7. 1 Sam.
lo.'8. I Kin. 13.7,
Sc 14. 3. ch. 8. 9.
$ Heb. in his hand.
II About 1(1,400
pounds fterlillg.
mGen.45.22.Jnilfr. 14. 12. Great men
had many fuits of
npparcl, as tliey
ufed to clothe ill
their imefr; at
their feafts. Mat.

n Gen. so. z. Deilt,
ji. 39. 1 Sam. 2.6.
Hoi. 6. 1, 2. Rom.
4. 17.

Reflections 'Upon Chap. IV. — Parents ought carefully to
avoid dying in debt, as it may render their children miferable. Yet,
when perfons are involved in debt, not by their own rafhnefs, pro
digality, or floth, but by the afflicting providence of God, they
deferve our pity, not our cenfure. Unforefeen providences may
involve the moft honeft man in debts which he cannot pay. And
how grievous is it (though not unjuft) when providence obliges a
faithful minifter to die indebted to rigid creditors! But, if provi
dence diftrefs a good man, it will alfo relieve him. Let hufbands
then fear God, and he will take care of their widows and children.
Let poor diftreffed widows and fatherlefs children caft all their care-
upon him: he is ready to relieve them in the moft deftitute cafe.
And, if we wifh or expect God to do for us, we muft do all that
is in our own power. It is only in our diligent endeavours that
we can rightly expe£t his bleffing; and then let us believe, and we
fliall quickly find, that God is more ready to give than we are to
receive. To our utmoft let us endeavour to clear our debts,
though what remains Ihould prove a very fcanty livelihood: for
nothing is properly our own till this be done* Acquaintance and
friendfhip with God's fervants is a principal ornament of the
great : and happy are fliofe families where both heads agree in it.
Happy and wife thofe rich perfons who defire no advancement.
And nothing is more comely than for thofe who receive favours to

be earneft in expreffing their gratitude : but effectual fervent
prayers are the beft returns that we can make. How welcome
and dear are children to fuch as have long wanted them ! and yet
how quickly they may be loft ! We need always to ftand ready for
a fudden ftroke. Death often feizes at a fhort warning. But in
every affliction the view of God's hand fliould filence us. If he
who gives takes away, we are-called to be thankful for the length
ofthe loan ; and not to murmur that God refumes his gift. And
we have need to be careful attendants on the ordinances of God,
and to fecure abiding comforts there, fince the joys of earth fo
ebb and flow, and are but born and die. What fympathy do tender
mothers, bereaved of their children, need at our hand ! But the
effectual fervent prayers of faith are prevalent even over death;
for in his fovereign authority God kills and makes alive. Such
as God fends to awaken dead finners had need to be men of prayer
and patience. Prophejts fhould be content with common fare; —
examples of mortification while they preach it to others; and they
fhould be ready to comrnunicate to others who are in need. But
alas ! how lin has rendered our tables fnares and traps, and our
provifion poifonous ! It is of the Lord's mercies that our meat nou-
rifheth us. And he can eafily make a little coarfe, or even bitter,
food a plentiful and pleafant feaft.

Naamans wa/hes in Jordan,

CHAP. V.

and is healed.

Before Chrift
894-
• l Kin, ;:<¦ 7-

p Ccn. 57. 29, ji.
2 Sain. j. 31. en.
19. 1.

q Luke 4. 17. Exod.
4. p,,i. ver. 15,
ciu I. 6.

rCU.6.ii.&i3-i2.

6 Mat. S. ij. John 4.
50.
t John 9 7. ch. 2. 21.
& 4.41. & l*. i^i>

o Rom. 8. 7. iCor,
a. 14. ik j. 18, 19.
11". 55. 8. Mar. id.
14. Prov, 3. 5, 6.
* Heb. I faid.
f Or I faid v-ilh m-~
felt f He mi! f wily
coma i-ltti &c.
% Heb. move up and
down.

H Or Amino.

X ECCI. 7. 9. &TT.TO.
Eph. 4. 31. Job 18.
4. Prov. 14. 17. Sc
ZI.I9.& 22. 24. &
29. 22. a Chr. 16.
10. Jon. 4.1,4,9.
?, Gen. 41. 4;. cb.i.
12. & 13.14. Prov.
if. 1. iTim. 5. j.

zjob 3?. 13. 2 Chr.
ao. 20. Luke 4. 27.

a Luke 17. IJ— 17.

b Rom. 10. 10. Lnke
7.9. Exod. 18. 11.
Deut. 32. 31. Jofh.
2- 9— 11. Dan. 2.

47-
eCen.jMi. Jofh.
15. 19. 1 Sam. 25.
27. ver. 5. r. 1. a
preiVnt.
i Ch. 2. 2. & j. 14.
e Gen. 14.23. rKin.
13- 8. Mat. 10. 8.
Acts 20. j j, 2 Cor.
11. 9. it 12. TJ.
1 Cor. 6. 11. Sc 10.
31. Rev. 21. 17.

leprofy? wherefore confider, I pray you,
and ° fee haw he feeketh a quarrel againft
me. 8 *[ And it was fo, \tfhen Elifha the
msn of -God had heard that the king of
Ifrael had p rent his clothes, that he ieni
to the king, faying, Wherefore hafl thou
rent thv clothes ? let him come now to
me, and he 'fhall 1 know that there is a
prophet in Ifrael.
9 So Naaman came with his horfes
and with his chariot, and r flood at the
door ofthe houfe of Eliflia.
1 o And Eliflia s fent a meffenger unto
him, faying, Go and ' wafh in Jordan
feven times, and thy flefh fliall come
again to thee, and thou fhalt be clean.
1 1 But Naaman was "wroth, and went
aw'ay, and faid, Behold, * "I" I thought,
He will furely come out to me, and ftand,
and call on the name of the Lord his
God, and * ftrike his hand over the place,
and recover the leper.
1 2 Are not H Abana and Pharpar,
rivers of Damafcus, better than all the
waters of Ifrael ? may I not wafh in
them, and be clean ? So he turned and
x went away in a rage.
13 And his fervants came near, and
fpake unto him, and faid, ? My father,
if the prophet had bid thee do fome great
thing, wouldeft thou not have done it ?
how much rather, then when he faith to
thee, Wafh and be clean ?
14 Then l went he down,, and dipped
himfelf feven times in Jordan, according
r j
to the faying of the man of God :. and
his flefh came again like unto the flefh of
a little child, and he was clean.
15^" And he a returned to the man of
God, he and all his company, and came,
and ftood before him : and he faid, Be
hold, bnow I know that there- is no God
in all the earth but in Ifrael : now there
fore, 1 pray thee, take ca bleffing of thy
fervant. 16 But he faid, a As the Lord liveth,
before whom I ftand, I c will receive
none. And- he urged him to take //, but
he refufed.

Before Chrift
8r/4.

gods,

f Gen. 49.10. jTheC
!.». Hoi. 14. 3,8.-

formerly done.

17 And Naaman laid, Shall there not
then, I pray thee, be given to thy fervant
two mules' burden of earth ? for thy fer
vant f will henceforth offer neither burnt -
offering- nor facrifice unto other
but under the Lord.
1 8 In this thing the Lord pardon thy
fervant, that when my mafter goeth into
the houfe of Rimmon to worfhip there,
and he leaneth on my hand, and H 1 bow ll™e%%Zt:i\Vi
myfelf in the houfe of Rimmon.;. when I
bow down myfelf in the houfe of Rim
mon, the Lord pardon thy fervant in this
thing. 19 And he faid unto him, s Go
peace. So he departed from him h a
httie way:
20 5[ But Gehazi, the fervant of Elifha
the man of God, faid, Behold, my
mafter hath fpared Naaman the Syrian,
in not receiving at his hands that which
he brought : but, as the Lord liveth, ' I
will run after him, and take fomewhat
of him.

ir-| g Exod. 4. 18. filth?.
111 18.6. 1 Sam. 1 171
Sc 20. 42. Sc 25.
35.&29- 7. 2£am.
15. g. Luke 7. 50.

h A little piece of
ground. Gen. 35.
jfi.

i 1 Tim. 6. 10. 2 Pet.
2. 3.14,15. 2 Tim.
4. ia £zelc.,33".
3l.Col.3.s."Pha.-3. IS, 19.

4-25.
1 1 Kin. 13.1?. JeT.
9. 3. 5. i Tim. 6—

•21 So Gehazi followed after Naaman..
And, when Naaman faw him running
after him, he lighted down from the
chariot to meet him, and faid, k Is all 'o"lS
well ?
22 And he faid, All is well. 'My
mafter hath fent me, faying, Behold, even
now there be come to me from mount
Ephraim two young men of the fons of
the prophets : give them, I pray thee,
a talent of filver, and two changes of
garments. 23 And Naaman faid, Be content, take
two talents. And he urged, him, and
bound + two talents of filver in two bags t684i.7s.6d,
with two changes of garments, and laid
them upon two of his fervants ; and they
bare them before him. _
24 And, when he came to the + tower, *0r-/i"-"/''"£
he took them from their hand, and be
ftowed them in the houfe; and he let the
men go, and they departed.
25 But he went in, and ftood before
his mafter. And Elifha faid unto him,
Whence comejl thou, Gehazi ? And he

faid, Thy fervant w.ent ano whither.

m Heb. not-hither »r
thilhtr.iteitl.zi*

XHehazi fm'rtten with leprofy. lL K I N G i>
26 And he laid unto him, Went "not

ikfore Chrift
894-
II I "1 hef.2.17. I Cor.
c. 3. Col. 2. z. ch,
(1. 12.

mine heart with thee when the man
-turned again from his chariot to meet
,;.-r 20.KK&4S. thee ? ° /V // a time to receive monev, and
5. Mat. ;. 14, 16. l 1 • 1" 1
,co,9.,z.2Cor. to receive garments, and olive yards, and
vineyards, and fheep, and oxen, and
men fervants, and maid fervants?
p ItZ'X %'.$¦ 2 7 The p leprofy therefore of "Naaman
V,-ta\Tl7tcf fhall cleave unto thee, and unto thy feed
for ever. And he went out from his pre-
q fZto.t'cv'.,^,']: fence a leper q as white as fnow-
C H A P VI.
Still Eliflia continues ivor'k'ing miracles. (1) He makes.
an iron ax -head to fwirn in behalf of a young pro
phet; 1 — 7. (2) ' He dif clofe s the fecret counfels
of Ben-hadad king of Syria to Jehoram king of
Ifrael; 8 — 12. (3) Syrian troops being fent to
apprehend him on this account, he finites them with
blindnefs ; and, having led them to Samaria, reftores
iheir fight by his prayer ; 13 — 23. Yet, (4) When
Samaria is befieged by the Syrians till the famine
obliged women lo eat their own children, Jehoram
in vain attempts to murder him for not raifing the
fiege or fittpplying the inhabitants with food; 24 — 38.

• Heb. r

S93.

*'+i":ii:i'lii*'Si A ND the ¦* fons of the prophets faid
XjL unto Elifha, Behold, now, the place
b ctzf'i. &T?s. where we b dwell with thee is too ftrait
1 Sam. 19. zo. II. -
*¦ l8- for us.
2 Let us go, we pray thee, unto Jordan,
and take thence every man a beam ; and
c,i?w"!i!' c let us make a place there where we may
dwell. And he anfwered, Go ye.

Elifha makes iron to fwirn.
2 And one Md, * Be content, I pray *%™*
thee, and go with thy fervants. And he 4judS^.B.&od.,.
anfwered, 1 will go.
4 So he went with them. And when
they came to Jordan they cut down
wood. 5 But, as one was felling a beam, the
"ax-head fell into the water: and he*1
cried, and faid, e Alas, mafter, for it was e r^Vs'.^*'
borrowed !
6 And the man of God faid, Where fell
it? And he fhewed him the place. And
he f cut down a ftick, and caft it in thither, "£?*££&
and the iron did fwim.
7 Therefore faid he, Take it up to
thee. And he put out his hand and took
it. 8 5F Then the king of Syria warred
againft Ifrael, and s took counlel with his E >»"&". j& M'
fervants, faying, In fuch and fuch a place
fhall -be my + camp. + or «***,*.
9 And the man of God fent unto the
king of Ifrael, faying, h Beware that thou ^XU*!
pafs not fuch a place, for thither the '3'I'r•l5¦'4',.
Syrians are come down.
10 And the king^of Ifrael ' fent to the ^4.4,.^
place which the man of God told him
and warned him of, and faved himfelf
there, not once nor twice.
1 1 ^T Therefore the heart of the king

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Greatnefs and wealth avail
fo little to make men happy, that they cannot preferve them from
the foreft and moft loathfome calamities. God can make the cap
tivity and diftrefs of his people an ufeful mean for fpreading the
knowledge of himfelf; and even out of the mouths of babes and
fucklings he can perfedl praife. It is a great privilege to have
fervants who know God, and feek the welfare of the family. Men
are generally willing to try every expedient,- and bellow the utmoft
expenfe and trouble, to obtain a cure of their bodily diftem-
pere : but how few regard the worth or welfare of their fouls !
and how readily carnal men fancy that fupernatural benefits muft
be purchafed by carnal profits! Men who are conl'cious of their ill
-deferts often tremble at every fhadow, and difquiet their minds, by
mifinterpreting the moft innocent intentions of their neighbours.
But God, in mercy, oftentimes helps the wicked far beyond what
they have reafon to expect. And minifters ought to feize upon
every opportunity of manifefting the power and grace of God: but
never ought they to fully their character by a complaifant crouch
ing to the pride of great men. Proud fpirits readily interpret the
leaft fufpecled flight into an heinous affront : and the wife in their
own conceit often ruin themfelves by contempt of the fimple
dictates and ordinances of God. But O the riches of his grace,
that flops our courfe when we forfake our own mercy! It is happy
for proud and paflionate mafters to have fervants faithful, calm,
and prudent, to offer them an advices and we fee here the happy

confequenpes of fometimes attending to it. Hopeful is our cafe if
we once fubmit to God's method of relief: for by what fimple
means can he effect the moft wonderful deliverance. Never then
let me, through the pride of my heart, reject his means of falva
tion, or ftumble at the fimplicity of a crucified Redeemer: his
blood and fpirit can cleanfe the fouleft leprofy of fin, and reftore
the moft difeafed finner ; and I am bid only to wafh and be clean.
Never let me wifh to prefcribe to him, in the paths of his providence,
who can thus, by the weakeft means, produce the greateft ends,
and manifeft his power and glory. That knowledge of God which
is obtained by fuch an experience of his goodnefsj will always be
moft fruitful, while holy gratitude difpofes us to a careful perform
ance of duty both towards God and men j leads us to regard the
prayers of God's people, to remember paft tranfgreflions with
grief, and to refolve for the future to abftain from all appearance
of evil. But alas ! that thofe, who have moft and beft inftruc-
tions and examples, Ihould have all loft upon them ! Parents and
mafters cannot convert their children or fervants. Covetoufnefs
tempts to lying, and almoft every other evil; and one fin always
leads on to another. Hope of concealment and impunity is a
grear encouragement to do evil. _ But ftiort-lived, tranfitory, and
bitter in the end, is profperous wickednefs: and haw often men,
by their coVetoufnefs and falfehood, entail plagues on themfelves
and their pofterity ! -

The Syrians fmitten with blindnefs.
Be^re chriit of gyria was k fae troubled for this thing ;
k n. 57, 2a. job is. and he called his fervants, and faid unto
JkYs-M1.0 20' a' them, * Will ye not fhew me which of us
i, sum. 22. s. ;s for ^g jjing 0f Ih-aef ?
tHeb. n.. 1 2 And one of his fervants faid, $ None,
inCh-5-8'10'v':r- my lord, O king: but™ Elifha, the pro
phet that is in Ifrael, telleth the king of

CHAP. VI.

9. 10.

' pr7. Ifrael the words that thou fpeakeft n in

25.14. Amos 3.7.

thy hed-chamber
13 And he faid, Go, and ° fpy where
he is, that I may fend and fetch him.
And it was told him, faying, Behold, he
is in p Dothan.
1 4 Therefore fent he thither q horfes,,
and chariots, and a great hofl : and they
came by night, and + compafled the city
about. 1 . . is . . .
15,^]" And, when the ' fervant of the
man of God was rifen early, and: gone
forth, behold, an hoft compafled the city
both with horfes and chariots. And his
sver.j.pr.S3.s- fervant faid unto him, 5 Alas, my mafter !
how fhall we do ?
1 6 And he anfwered, f Fear not : for

0 I Sara. 23. 22. JPf.
37. 12, 14, ;i. Sc
jo. 8, 9.

p Gen. 37.13.
q II. 8. 9, 10. 1 Sam
23. 26. Pf. 27. j.
Sc 11S. ic — 12.

t Heb. heavy.

r Or minifer. Exod.
34.13. Mat. 2C. 26. ..

Slf.43.I,2.&4T.10, 14, 15. M 27. 1—
3. Exod. 14. 15

tl-Pf. 50.15. &91.K.
Ezek. -'-
58.9.

Ezek. 36. 37. II.
" }. &6S.24.

'ch^^'Rom. they that be with us are more than they
that be with them.'
17 And Elifha u prayed, and faid,
Lord, I pray thee, open his eyes that
he may fee. And the Lord opened the
eyes of the young man, and he faw :
3t&9?:?;.Mat.^: and, behold, the mountain was x full of
??8h&'6n.-7?' horfes and chariots of fire round about
**""* Elifha. 1 8 5T And, when they came down to
him, Elifha prayed unto the Lord, and
faid, Smite this people, I pray thee,
y?4e"i'u9ke24.,0ib0?' with y blindnefs. And he fmote them
^ .j,, ,., wjtn Dji11(jnefSj according to the word of
Eliflia. 19 And Elifha faid- unto them, + This
is not the way, neither is this the city :
follow me, and I will bring you to- the
man whom ye feek. But he led them to
Samaria. 20 And it came to pafsj when they
were come into Samaria, that Elifha faid,
Lord, open the eyes of thefe men, that
^Vili'tn- they may fee. And the Lord z opened
their eyes, and they faw; and, behold,
they were in the midft of Samaria.
Vol. I.

t It is not hc-e thai
joucanlmEliiha.

A great famine in Samaria.
21 And the king of Ifrael faid unto ^l'^?""
Elifha, when he faw them, a My father, *ai.*.iz.& ».<>•&
fhall I finite them? fliall I fmite fhemP
22 And he anfwered, b Thou fhalt not "»";:^:
fmite them: wouldeft thou fmite thofe ifyouwoufiilt
kill fticli as von
whom thou haft taken captive with thy ^howmuS
fword and with thv bow ? fet bread and ha?hen?adehisp.-i,doners '
water before them, that they may eat and
drink, and go to their mafter.
23 And he prepared great provifion
for them : and, when they had eaten and
drunk, he fent them away, and they
went to their mafter. So the c bands ^i?^'^'2''
of Syria came no more" into the land of
Ifrael. ,
24 ^f And- it came to pafs, after this, s9^
that Ben-hadad kins: of Syria gathered
,.,..,„ O - J iS r i "< 'Kin- 20.1. & 21.
d all his hoft, and went up, and befieged "¦
P O ' e The chief city- of
bamana. m-wi. ¦&" us.
25 And there Was fa great famine in j-&jW.s-'ic
Samaria: and, behold, they befieged it 'KADB,t'
until an afs's head was fold for T four- t9i.7s.6d.
fcore pieces of filver, and the + fourth part caches? s'Us
of a cab of doves' dung for " five pieces of » IIS-sd-
filver. 26 <[f And, as the king of Ifrael was
pafling by upon the wall,- there cried a
woman unto him, faying, s Help, my « £ y- j- Mat. ?.
lord, O king!
27 And he faid, * h If the Lord do * loR^lftL.
not help thee, whence fhall I help thee? ^JS',]^'^'
out ofthe barn flper, or out of the Wine ,M'1,
prefs ?

28 And the king faid unto her, ; What iJ***»*

2 Sara.

aileth thee ? And fhe anfwered, This
woman faid unto me, Give thy fon , that
It . 1 • J j -it kLev. 26.29. Dent.
v/e may eat him to-day, and we will *»¦ st-ss- l»h*.
J r J 4. 10. Ezek. 5. 19.
eat my fon to-morrow. If-'-z0-
29 So we boiled my fon, and did eat
him : and I faid unto her on the T next t ha. •*!•>.
day, Give thy fon, that we may eat
him : and fhe hath hid her fon.
20 ^T.And it came to pafs, when the king
heard the words of the woman, that he
'rent his clothes; and he paffed by upon ' c*\ Ji,7,!^. E*
the wall, and the people looked, and, £,-,KiB-»-
behold, he had fackcloth within upon his
flpfl-. m 1 Kin. 19. 2. & 1*.
Ji^lll. 17. Afls 23. 12, 14.
31 Then he faid, m God do fo, and »&^3£
more alfo, to me, if the head of Eliflia ™h«"wv«uier».
4A

Joram threatens Elifha s life.

II. KING S.

Elifha promifes plenty to Samaria-..

Before Chrift
892.

II Pf. 118. 6. Ezek.
9. 4. Mal. 3. 16.

the fon of Shaphat fhall ftand on him
this day.
32 But Elifha " fat in his houfe, and
the elders fat with him ; and the king
'Imos'.t5'*6" fent aman from before him: but, "ere.
the meffenger came to him, he faid to
p, Ki„. ,8.4 -&*i. the elders, See ye how this p fon of a
murderer hath fent to take away mine
head ? look, when the meffenger cometh,
fhut the door, and hold him faft at the
*]**•/''• 6-Gen- door: w not the q found of his mafter's
feet behind him ?
22 And, while heyet talked with them,
behold, the meffenger came down unto
'J9,hGeann'4.R"',6'him: and r ne faid> Behold, this evil is
of the Lord ; what fhould I wait for the
Lord any longer ?
CHAP. VII.
Here ( 1 ) Elifha, having prayed for it, foretells great
and fudderi plenty for the inhabitants of Samaria ;
but excludes from the benefit of it a lord who mocked
at his prediction; 1, 2. (2) God that very'nigfft
terrifies the Syrian hoft, and makes them flee with
great precipitation, leaving their proviftons behind
them; 6, 7. (3] Four lepers, expelled from the
city, difcover the Syrian camp deferted, and inform
Joram king of Ifrael; 3, 4.7 5, 8— r-i I. (4) Hav
ing, by his fpies, procured more intelligence, Joram
and bis people fpoil the Syrian camp, and the predicted
plenty happens ; 12 — 16. (5) The unbelieving lord,
being appointed to keep order at that gate by vdhith
the fpoil was carried in, after feeing the plenty, was
trodden to death by. the bearers -f 17 — 20.
no,.*-.,,. rpHEN Elifha a faid, Hear ye, the
JL word of the Lord ; Thus faith the
^fti'sti"'1*' Lord, b To-morrow about this time

-Jhall a* meafure of fine flour be fold B%c.b'm
for a +- fhekel, and two meafures of barley cseech.6.25. "
for a fhekel, in the gate of Samaria. *APecka„jPi,r.
2 Then * a lord, d on whofe hand the 'Zf^lf.^
king leaned, anfwered the man of Go'd, ^ffftittf
and faid, Behold, • if the Lord would ST'1"*" '
make windows in heaven, might this <fch.s.i8.
thing be? And' he faid, Behold, thou '^|'*^
fhalt fee it with thine eyes, but fhalt
fnot eat thereof, " "£$.!££**
3 ^[ And there were four leprous men
sat the entering in ofthe gate: and they s^,ckf;lfq»-
faid one to another, Why fit* we here
until we die ?
4 If we fay, We will enter into the
city, then the famine is in the city, and
we fhall die there : and, if we fit ftill here,
we die alfo. Now therefore come, and
let lis fall unto the hoft of the Syrians :
h if they fave us alive, we fhall live; and,, ss-h-m'-
if they kill us, we fhall but die.
5 And they rofe up 4n the twilight, '^i^i&w-
to go unto the camp of the Syrians ; and,
when they Were come to the uttermoft ,
paft ofthe camp of Syria, behold, there-
was no man there.
6 For the Lord had made the hoft of
the Syrians- to k hear a noife of chariots, fc l*™: &%*;».
and a noife of horfes, even the noife of a
great hoft : and they faid one to another,
Lo, the king of Ifrael hath hired againft
us the kings of the Hittites, arid the
kings of the Egyptians, to come ttpoh
us.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — ft is comfortable to fee
Chrift's difciples increafe in the worft of times : but often his chief
favourites are in very poor outward circumftances. Nor in evil
times ought a minifter to grudge if his own hands muft minifter to
his neceffities ; but it ill becorfjes him to be an idle vagabond, or
ilothful loiterer. Things borrowed ought to be carefully pre
ferved. And it is extremely galling to an hbneft or generous,
mind to hurt his neighbour. How reftlefs are the enemies of
God's people ! But it is eafy for God, who knows all things, to
fruftrate their counfels, by warning his fervantls of them : and it is
falutary to attend exactly to his admonitions. On the contrary, it
is mad impiety for the mightieft to attempt fighting againft God
and his fervants. When there is at beft but little faith, the mind
is eafily overwhelmed viith conftemation, and tempted to defpair
of divine protection. But they who are ftrong ought to pray for
trie weak, and bear with their infirmities. Clear views of God's
fovereignty, power, and kindnefs, and of his angelic guards, can
effectually remove our flaviih fear of temporal calamities. How
often tjiey who fight againfl: God are given up to ftupidity and

ftrong delufions" ; and find themfelves conquered ot ruined where-
they Hoped to triumph .! But, if we have our enemies! at our mercy,
it is beft to render them good for evil, and thus foften and capti
vate their hearts. But no kindnefs will long imprefs a hardened
and obftinate foe. And how dreadful is the fcourge of a furious
war! It may quickly render us deftitute of our neceffary food;
and raging hunger may prevail againft the ftrongeft natural affec
tions. None know what miferies await them before they die.
And in our diftrefles, particularly thofe of our foul, if God be not
our friend, vain is the help of mart. Unhumbled finners are apt
to attribute their troubles to any caufe but the real one, their fins %
and to turn that revenge on the innocent which is due to their.
finful felf. The fole fufpenders of God's judgments are often-
calumniated and perfecuted, as if they were the guilty caufe
thereof: and the moft ufeful ate reckoned the very pelts of fociety...
But dreadful is the cafe-when dlfappoifitme'*its: render men defperate
with rage againft God;; the view of whofe hand fhobld make
them refigried, ancf whole abundant mercy Ihould encourage their
patience and hope.

• • Before Chrift
892

hefiers inform of the Syrians fight,
7 Wherefore* they arofe and ' fled in
pr.5,.s.&4*,4~ the twilight, and left their tents, and their
6. Prov. 28. I. job 1 r ° - . . „. ,
J5.H.&I3. 11. horfes, and their ahes, even the camp as
it was, and fled for their life.
8 And, when thefe lepers came to the
uttermoft part ofthe camp, . they went
into one tent, and did eat and drink,
and carried thence filver, and gold, and
jnjer.41.8. jom. 7- raiment, and went and m hid it; and
21. M«. 13. 44- & ' . ¦ , '
1J- lS- came again, and entered into another tent,
and carried thence alfo, and went and
hid //.
BjWrtQ. 30. m. q Then thev " faid one to another, We
6. E«ltu8. 14. * u 1 ¦ 1 - „ 1 r 1
itsGai56H2e. °' do not well: this day is a ° day of good
ophii.2.4.M«. 7. tidings, and we hold our peace: if we
t h1, Zlatifi-d tarry till the morning light * p fome
tunifbmem. mifchief will come upon us ; now there-
f Num. 32.23. Prov. f
* 1S- fore come, that we may go and tell the
king's houfehold.
10 So they came, and called unto the
porter of the city : and they told them,
faying, We came to the camp of the Sy-
, ver. 6, 7. rians, and, behold, q there was no man
there, neither voice of man, but horfes
tied, and afles tied, and the tents as they
were. 1 1 And he called the porters ; and they
told it to the king's houfe within.
12 ^f And the king arofe in the night,
*^nchM6?8.Vs.' and faid unto his r fervants, I will now
fhew you what the Syrians have done to
us : they know that we be hungry, there
fore are they gone out of the camp to
hide themfelves in the field, faying, When
they come out of the city we fhall catch
them alive, and get into the city.
13 And one of his fervants anfwered
and faid, Let fome take, I pray thee, five
of the horfes that remain, which are left

CHAP. VII.

Great plenty in Samaria.

S Heb. in it. They .

areas
lean as

Reives, in the city, (behold, they are [l as all the

Efth. I. 7,
24.

S t Job 27. 16, 17.
O a 2 Chr. j,, 25. Pf„

multitude of Ifrael that are left in it : be- B=f8=,2c.hrift
hold, I fay, they are even as all the rnulti-
tude ofthe Ifraelites that are confumed),
and let us fend and fee.
14 They took therefore two * chariot "^;;fa,i""f
horfes ; and the king fent after the hoft
ofthe Syrians, faying, Go arid fee.
15 And they went after them unto
Jordan ; and, lo, all the way was full of
garments and 5 veffels, which the Sy- '"'/Tf''^'
rians had caft away in their hafte. And
the meffengers returned, and told the
king. 16 And the people went out, and
1 fpoiled the tents of the Syrians.
meafure of fine flour was fold for a
fhekel, and two meafures of barley for
a fhekel, u according to the word of the "X&'i.'iVfe.S
T ~-n,^ aj. 19. iSsrri. 15.
L/ORD. 29- Heb. 10. 23,
__ 2 Tim. 2. 11.
17 ^1 And the king appointed the lord Tit'I,s"
on whofe hand he leaned to have the
charge of the gate : and the people trode
upon him in the gate, and he died, as
the man of God had faid, who fpake
when the king came down to him.
18 And it came to pafs as the man of
God had fpoken to the king, * faying, xJ^-J'l>l6-u-
Two meafures of barley for a fhekel, and
a meafure of fine flour for a fhekel, fhall
be to-morrow about this time in the gate
of Samaria :
19 And that lord anfwered the man of
God, and faid, Now, behold, if the Lord
fhould make windows in heaven, might
fuch a thing be ? And he faid, Behold,
thou fhalt fee it with thine eyes, but fhalt
not eat thereof.
20 Andyfo it fell out unto him : for y,£g- £¦£¦£;
the people trode upon him in the gate,
and he died.

If. 7. 9. 2 Chr. 20.
20. Jer. 17. 6.
I John 5, 10. ver.
2. Heb. 3. 18, 19.

Reflections upon CiJap. VII. — Remarkable relief is often
near -when there is no appearance of it. But finners, and efpe
cially infidel courtiers, are .-bent to difcre.dit and ridicule .God's
promifes and purpofes, to their own ruin. Nothing-more provokes
God againft men than an unbelieving contempt of his gifts and
promifes. But the terrors of God can foon -make the ftouteft to
tremble, and to flee when no main purfueth, in order to work deli
verance for his people.— Hard neceffity will compel men to the
moft dangerous adventures ; and, if God grant us .relief, we ought"
to publifh our mercies, that others may fhare with -us in our coni-
iforts. But how tertible is their definition who have -contemned

the promifes of God ! The means of deliverance to others prove '
ruinous to them. No human greatnefs, or favour of kings, can
protect them from the arm of God ; nay, nor even from being
vidims of popular rage. Stand in awe, my foul; .always believe
that it fhall be unto thee as God hath faid; for is there any thinfj-
too hard for the Lord ? In depths of diftrefs caft thyfelf on his
mercy. None perifti that truft in him. Comfort others with the
confolations wherewith thou art comforted. of Chrift. And Go'd
forbid that I fliould fee the glories of redemption, and yet never
fliare thereof. 4 A 2

Ithe Shunammite' 's land is refored.

II.* KINGS.

Hazael is declared king of Syria.

Before Chrift

CHAP. VIII.

aCh.4-35-

b Gen. 12. io. 8cz6
i. Ruth 1. 1.
c PI. 105. 16. Jer. 25.
2y. Hag. 1. 11.
Gen. 41. 27.
aSam. 24. 13.
j Kin. 18. 2. Lev.
26. 19, 20, 26.
Dent. 28. 22—24,

d iTim. 5. S. Rom
12. 17.
c 1 Sam. 27. 1. Gen
26. I. Judg- 3- 3-

885.

( Vet. 6. 2 Sam. 14,
4. Pf. 82. 3. Jer.
22. 16.

5 Prov. 25. 19. Mic
7. 5, 6.
h Ch. iv. v. Prov.
16. I, 9. & 21. 1.

'i Ch, 4. 8— 37»

k Deut. 22. 2. 2 Sam
9. 7. Judg. 11. 13

About 885.
JGen. 14, 15. 1 Kin,
Ji.a4.if.7-*>

Here ( I ) Elifha' s Shunammite friend, having, by his
advice, retired from the famine into the. land of the
Philiftines, returns after feven years ; and, on his
account, is by king Jehoram reinftated' in her pro
perty; 1 — 6. (2) Elifha having gone to Damafcus,
Ben-hadad, by Hazael his general, confults him
whether he fhould recover. Hazael, hearing that
himfelf fhould be king, murders his mafter, andfeizes
the crown; 7 — 15. (3) Jehoram &f Judah, after
reigning about feven years with his father Jehofha
phat, reigns alone over Judah moft wickedly ; and
the Edomites. and the Libnites revolt; 16 — 24.
(4) Ahaziah begins his fhort and wicked reign ; and
attends Joram his uncle, king of Ifrael, to the war
with the Syrians ; and comes to vifit him when he
returned wounded; 25 — 29.
THEN fpake Elifha unto the woman,
a whofe fon he had reftored to life,
faying, Arife, and go, thou and thine
houfehold, and b fojourn wherefoever thou
canft fojourn : for c the Lord hath called
for a famine ; and it fhallalfo come upon
the land feven years.
2 And the woman arofe, and did
.after the faying of the man of God : and
fhe went with her d houfehold, and fo
journed in the c land of the Philiftines
feven years.
3 And it came to pafs, at the feven
years' end, that the woman returned out
of the land of the Philiftines : and f fhe
went forth to cry unto the king for her
houfe and for her land.
4 And the king g talked with h Gehazi
the fervant of the man of God, faying,
Tell me, I pray thee, all the great things
that Elifha hath done.
5 And it came to pafs, as he was tell
ing the king" how he had reftored a dead
body to life,- that, behold, the woman,
whofe fon he had reftored to life, cried
to the king for her houfe and for her
land. And Gehazi faid, My lord, O king,
this is 'the woman, and this is her fon,
whom Elifha reftored to life.
6 And, when the king afked the
woman, fhe told him. So the king ap
pointed unto her a certain * officer, faying,
fc Reftore all that was her's, and all the
fruits of the field fince the day that fhe
left the land, even until now.
7 % And Elifha came to ' Damafcus ;

and m Ben-hadad the. kihg of Syria was
fick; and it was told him, faying, The
11 man of God is come hither.
8 And the king : faid unto Hazael,
0 Take a prefent in thine hand, and go
meet the man of God, and inquire p of
the Lord by him, faying, Shall I recover
of this difeafe ?
9 So 1 Hazael went to meet him, and
took r a prefent + with him, . even of
every good, thing of Damafcus, forty ca
mels' burden, and came and ftood. before
him, and faid, Thy s fon Ben-hadad king
of Syria hath fent me to thee, faying,
Shall I recover of this difeafe ?
10 And Elifha faid unto him, Go, fay
unto him, + Thou mayeft certainly re
cover: howbeit, the Lord hath fhewed
me that he fhall £ furely die.
1 1 And he fettled his countenance
11 ftedfaftly until * he was afliamed : and
the man of God " wept.
1 2 And Hazael faid, Why weepeth my
lord? And he anfwered, Becaufe I know
x the evil that thou wilt do unto the
children of Ifrael : their ftrong holds wilt
th«u fet on fire, and their young men
wilt thou flay with the fword, and wikv
r dafh their children, and rip up their
women with child.
13 And Hazael faid, But what, is thy
fervant L a dog, that he fhould do this
great thing ? And Elifha anfwered, The
Lord a hath fhewed me that thou Jhalt
be king over Syria.
14 So he departed from Elifha, and
came to his mafter; who faid to him,
What faid Elifha to thee ? And he an
fwered, He told me hthat thou fhouldeft
furely recover.
1 5 And it came to pafs, c on the
morrow, that he took a thick cloth, and
dipped it in water, and, d fpread it on his
face, fo that he died : and e Hazael reigned
in his ftead.
16 % And in the f fifth year of Joram,
the fon of Ahab king of Ifrael, Jehofha
phat being then king of Judah, Jehoram
the fon of Jehofhaphat king of s Judah
began to reign.

Before Chrift
885.
m 1 Kin. 15. 18. &
20. 1. & 2Z, ;i.
ch. 6. 24.
IiCh.z. 15, & 6. n.
Scy. 18.
0 1 Sam. 9. 7. j Km,
^¦7-&i4-3-cii^
5-5.15-
p With eh. 1. 2, Sc
5- 15- & 3. 11,

q I King. 19. 15,
r Ch. 5. 5, 15.-
t Heb. m his band.

8 Ch, 6. SI, $13. 14,

t i. e. the difeafe is
not mortal.

t By Hazael's
means. Ver. ij,

H Heb. and fet it,
* Hazael.
u Jer. 4. 19. & p. %.
Sc 14. 17. Luke
19. 41.

x Ch. ic. 32, 33. &
12.. 17. & *j. 3, 7»

yPf. 137. 9. Hof. 154
16. Amos 1. 15.
cii. 15. 16.

z Pf. 22. i6,ra Jer*
17. 9. 2 Sam. 3. 8.
& 9. 8. Mat. 7. 6.
a 1 Kin. 19. 15. And
fo thon wilt be
powerful and
wicked enough,

b A downright lie*
Ver. jq.

cVcr. t{. Eccli 8, 16.
Prov. 4. 16. & 1.
16. Pf. 36. 4.
d Judg. 4. 19— %U .
Jer. 41. I, 2. *
Mat. 2.6, 16.
e Ver. 13. 1 Kin. 19.
15. < ;
SyT.
fa Chr. 21. i74)5»
¦io ch. i. 17-

g Heb, reigned.
1 Chr, j. 11. Mat*
1. a.

Joram and Ahaziah* s wicked reign.

CHAP. VIII.

Before Chrift
Syi.

h i Kin. 22. 52, 53.
ch. 5. 2, j. 2Clir,

i Ver. 26. iGhr. 21.
G. Sc 22.3. 1 Kin.
21. 25.

k2S»m.7.l2.lKin. 11. 36. & 15 4;
2Chr.21.7- Luke
1. 52,55. If- 7-H-
Tit. I. 2.

f Heb. candle, or
lamp.
I 2 Chr. 21.8—10.
2Sa111.0-.14. iKin.
ji. 47. Gen. 27.40.

mjolh. lo.g. 1 Sam.
jr. 11. 1 Kin. 20.
29.

tlig

Bjofh.n.13. 2 Chr.
21. 10.
en Kin.n.4i.& 14.
29. & 15.7,23.0c
22. 45.

pTKin.Ti.43.&i.t. 3 1 . & 1 5 24 & 22,
50. 2 Chr. 21. 19.

q.Ver.16— i8.2Chr.
22. 1-3.
r Azariah or Jchoa-
ha-z. iChr. 22. 2.
& 21. 17. 1 Clir.
4. 11. ch. 9. 29.

1 7 Thirty and two years old was he
when he began to reign ; and he reigned
eight years in Jerufalem.
18 And he walked hin the way ofthe
kings -of Ifrael, as did the houfe of Ahab:
for ' the daughter of Ahab was his
wife : and he did evil in the fight of the
Lord. 19 k Yet the Lord would not deftroy
Judah for David his fervant's fake, as
he promifed him to give him alway a
ht, and to his children.
20 % In his days Edom ' revolted from
under the hand of Judah, and made a
king over themfelves.
¦* 2 1 So Joram went over to Zair, and
all the chariots with him ; and he rofe
m by night, and fmote the Edomites which
compafled him about, and the captains
of the chariots : and the people fled into
their tents.
22 Yet Edom revolted from under the
hand of, Judah. unto this day. Then
n Libnah revolted at the fame time.
23 ^[ And the "reft of the afts of Joram,
and" ah that he did, are they not written
in the book of the chronicles of the kings
of Judah ?
24 And p Joram flept with his fathers,
and was buried with his fathers in the
city of David
in his ftead.
25 ^T In the q twelfth year of Joram
the fon of Ahab king of Ifrael did r Aha
ziah the fon of Jehoram king of Judah

and Ahaziah his fon reigned

begin to reign.

26 Two and twenty years .old

Ahaziah when he

began

to

reign

was and

Elijha gives orders to anoint Jehu.
And

Before Chrift

s Grand-dHuphrer', fee ver. 18.
18. iChr.22.
3, 4. 1 Kin. 11. 4.
sCor. 6. 14. Lccl.
7. 26. Prov. 23.27,
Sc 22. 14,

u 1 Kin. 22. 4. cY, 3,
7. 2 Chr. zt. 5, 6.
Prov. 13.20.
x Ver. 12, 13, 15.
y 1 Kin. 4. 13.&22,
3. Jofh. 21. 38.

he reigned one year in Jerufalem
his mother's name was Athaliah, the
5 daughter of Omri king of Ifrael.
27 And he * walked in the way ofthe «£r
houfe of Ahab, and did evil in the fight
of the Lord, as did fhe houfe of Ahab:
for he was the fon-in-law of the houfe of
Ahab. 28 ^f And he uwent with Joram the
fon of Ahab to the war againft x Hazael
king of Syria in ? Ramoth-gilead ; and the
Syrians wounded Joram.
29 And king Joram went back to be
healed in z Jezreel of the wounds - which ^4£&^
. r-« • l 1 • 1 • Tl I 2 Sam. 2. 9. 1 Kin.
the Syrians- had given him at Raman, -;Ms, 46. & 2..
when he fought againft Hazael king of » Heb-. «,*««„,¦*<*.
,-, » i ai • i i r r T 1 ¦ $y nans had wound-,
Syria. And Ahaziah, the fon of Jehoram, «>• achr.^.
king ofjudah, went down to fee Joram
the fon of Ahab in Jezreel, becaufe he
was b fick. CHAP. IX.
Hazael, the Syrian deftroyer of Ifrael, being fixed on
his throne, Jehu, the deftroyer of Ahab' s houfe, is
now advanced. ( I ) By Elifha' s order, a young pro
phet anoints Jehu to be king of Ifrael, and delivers
him God's commiffion to deftroy the family of Ahab ;
1 — 10. (2) Jehu communicates his order to his
fellow captains at Ramoth-gilead; II — 15. (3) Ta
prevent refiftancey he rides inftantly to Jezreel, at
tended with fome t'rufly friends, kills Joram king
of Ifrael, Ahaziah king of Judah, and Jezebel widow
of Ahab their mother ; 1 6 — 3 7 .
ND Elifha the prophet called one of
a the children of the prophets, and

b Heb. wmndtd.
1 Kin. 22. .i-,.

him, b Gird up thy loins, and
box of oil in thine, hand,, and

faid unto
take this
go to Ramoth
2 And, when thou comeft thither,
look out there d Jehu the fon of Jeho- dnrm.19.,6.
fhaphat the fon of Nimfhi, and go in

¦gilead

a 1 Kin. 18. 4. Sc 20.-
35.ch.4.i.&6.i.& a. 3, 5. 7> J5-
b Ch. 4. 20. 1 Kin..
18. 46. Jer. 1. 17,
1 Fet. 1. 13.
c 1 Sam. 10. 1. Sc 16.
1. 1 Kin. 1, 39.

§°

Reflections upon Chap. VIIL — How feverely God corrects
apoftate profeffors! His providences, make us fometimes glad to
leave the moft commodious fettlement on earth. And how ready
are moft to take advantage againft, and to feize on, the property
of the abfent or diftreffed. But it is a mercy if we have magi
ftrates to whom we may fafely appeal from the injuftice of friends
or neighbours. God ia his providence remarkably connedts
things for the welfare of thofe who fear him and have fhewn kind
nefs to his fervants. He can raife us up friends in our difficulties
where we leaft expedfed them. And it is the glory of a govern
ment to adminifter juftice impartially to the oppreffed. Difeafes
and death, without ceremony, attack the moft great. and powerful -
and affliction often changes men's minds, and makes them to regard
minifters and prayers, which they had formerly contemned and
hated. But ah! the bloody ajid barbarous rage of war! En

raged pride fticks at nothing. In high ftations men will, without:
remorfe, perpetuate what would have fhocked them when in low
conditions : and nothing is too horrid for the human heart left to
itfelf, and violently tempted. Few courtiers report the naked truth
to their fovereigns; and flatterers are moft to be fufpecled for ene
mies. They who flatter us with hopes of life hinder our ferious
preparation for death. The inordinate defire of power will prompt
men to villany and murder. And the finful indulgence of children,
or too- early trufting them with power, and efpecially their unequal
marriages with wicked" women, entail upon families and nations-
the moft certain mifery. But death and hell infallibly meet with
tyrants at laft. And alas ! in their way to it, how often are the'
wounds of their body taken care of, while thofe of their foul are
neglected !.

t Jndg. 3. 19.

AVer. 2, 3. 1 Kin.
19. 16.

I i"Kin. 14.10. Sc 15.
29.&i9.i7.&2r. jo, 21 — 24. SC 18.

Jehu is divinely anointed
BcforeChrift ^^ j^^g fo[m arifg Up fjY0m amOng IllS
*Heb chamber in a brethren, and carry him to an -* inner
tkitmber. . 1
chamber ;
3 Then take the box of oil, and pour ;
// on his head, and fay, Thus faith the
*aKn-'«77*a,S: Lord, e I have anointed thee king over
i «.£?.«. Ifraelt Then open the door, and f flee,
f Judg. 3.26. Pf.U2. . Tr r '
^ToliiiHeb. and tarry not.
^ 7. ver. j0. 4 ^[ So the young man, even the
young man the prophet, went to Ramoth-
gilead. 5 And, when he came, behold, the
captains of the hoft. were fitting ; and he
faid, s I have an errand- to thee, O cap
tain. And Jehu faid; Unto which of all
us ? And he faid, To thee, O captain.
6 And he h arofe, and went into the
houfe ; and he poured the oil on his head,
and faid unto him, Thus faith the Lord
God of Ifrael, I have anointed thee king
over the people of the Lord, even over
Ifrael. -.(.
7 And thou * fhalt fmite the houfe of
iiFFtuI'il Ahab thy mafter, that I may avenge the
V%.zh?kh. blood of my fervants the prophets, and
&}i' l0, the blood of all the fervants of the Lord,
iat the hand of Jezebel.
8 For the whole houfe of Ahab fhall
tI^i29.4&<^6.,2- perifh ; and k I will cut off from Ahab
him that pifTeth againft the wall, and
him that is * fhut up and left in Ifrael :
9 And I will make the houfe of Ahab
like the houfe of Jeroboam the fbn of
Nebat, and like the houfe of Baafha the
fon of Ahijah.
"g*.i"£S 10 And m the dogs fhall eat Jezebel in
J3^'7'1,Jam'*- the portion of Jezreel, and there fhall be
»3£r-j.j«4s.3. none to bury her. And he "opened the
door, and fled.
1 1 5[ Then Jehu came forth to the
fervants of his lord ; and one faid unto
him, Is all well ? wherefore came this
'V:^Vt:tf rnad fellow to thee? And he faid unto
S&ztzV&l?. them, Ye know the man, and his com-
J*. 1 Cor. 4. 10. '
*cor. 5. 13. Made munication. 12 And they laid, It is falfe; tell us
now. And ho faid, Thus and thus fpake
he to me, faying, Thus faith the Lord,
I have anointed thee king over Ifrael.
13 Then they hafted and took every

II. KINGS,

king of Ifrael.

15- 29.
4, II. SC 21. 21—
24.
1 Deut. 32. 36. i. e.
all the males how
ever hidden or ob
jure.

man his garment, and put'/? * under him ^ov"*
on the top of the flairs, and ''blew with pm«. 21.7,8. "
trumpets, faying, Jehu + is king. ;'¦ '^.V*
14 So Jehu the fon of Jehofhaphat the tH*i»-««™&.
fon of Nimflii r confpired againft Joram. ".^S;^*
(Now Joram had s kept Ramoth-gilead, s ^.^ pf>
he and all Ifrael, becaufe of Hazael king »7- •¦
of Syria :
J T-. r 1 • + T , ICh. 8. 28,29.
15 But 'king + Joram was returned *chr,*a.6.
to be healed in Jezreel of the wounds * «*¦»»-*
which the Syrians had given him when
he fought with Hazael king of Syria.)
And Jehu faid, If it be your minds, then
" let none 2:0 forth nor efcape out of the u«EbExod?/"£
O .... T - r , Luke 16. 8.
citv to so to tell it in ezreel.
1 6 So Jehu rode in a chariot, and went
to Jezreel ; for Joram lay there. And
* Ahaziah king of Judah was come down **ci»-- "•*.?.
to fee Joram.
17 And there ftood ? a watchman on1 MTsl'iteX
the tower in Jezreel, and he fpied the
company of Jehu as he came, and faid,
I fee a company. And Joram faid, Take
an horfeman, and fend to meet them,
and let him fay, Is it peace ?
1 8 So there went one on horfeback to
meet him, and faid, Thus faith the king,
Is it peace ? And Jehu faid, What haft
thou to do with peace ? turn thee behind
me. And the watchman told, faying,
The mefTenger came to them, but he
cometh not again.
1 9 Then he fent out a fecond on horfe
back, who came to them, and faid, Thus
faith the king, Is it peace ? And Jehu -
anfwered, What haft thou to do with
peace ? turn thee behind me.
20 And the watchman told, faying,
He came even unto them, and cometh
not again: and the "driving is like the"0'''"''"*'* .
driving of Jehu the fon of Nimfhi ; for
he driveth * *¦ furioufly. •«**.-**? •
«it r - t , n, , -, zCh.io.jrj. Eccl.
21 And Joram laid, + Make ready. '&*¦£?; n-
And his chariot was made ready. And ta»j«.
Joram king of Ifrael and Ahaziah king of
Judah went out, each in his chariot, and
they went out againft Jehu, and + met t hajiwa
him a in the portion of Naboth the Jez- »>*»»•".*¦¦*-
reelite. 22 And it came to pafs, when Joram

Ahaziah and Jezebel are f am: Jezebel CHAP. IX. is quickly eaten by the dogs of Jezreel.

Before Chrifl
S84.
b 2 Chr. aa^7. ver,
•7.
e Nah. 3.4. iKin*
16. 30— js. Sc 18.
4.&2I.H— 10,25,
Rev. 17. 1. & 18.
Z}.
i 1 Kin. 22. 34.

B Heb. filed hit fund
Vlith a beta.
t Pf. 50. 21, 22.
Prov. 21. 30. Eccl.
8. 12, 13. 1 Kin.
12.34.
* Heb, battled.

( 1 Kin. 21. 19, 24,
zg. If. 13. 1. Nah.
j. I. Exod. 20. 5.
Job 18/ 17, 19. Sc
zo. 27. If. 14. 20—
22.
f Heb. bleeds.
gDeut.z4.16. 1 Kin.
21. 13. aChr. 25.
JLOf ptrtim.

h 2 Chr. 22.7—9.
PreT. 13. ao, Rev,
18.4.

ijofh. 17. II. Judg.
J. 27.
It In his wounds.
2 Chr. 22. 9.
J 2 Chr. 22. 9. ch. 8.
?24.

faw Jehu, that he faid, hIs it peace, Jehu ?
And he anfwered, What peace, fo long
as the c whoredoms of thy mother Jezebel
and her witchcrafts are fo many ?
23 And Joram d turned his hands, and
fled, and faid to Ahaziah, There is
treachery, O Ahaziah.
24 And Jehu " drew a bow with his
full ftrength, e and fmote Jehoram be
tween his arms, and the arrow went out
at his heart, and he * funk down in his
chariot. 25 Then faid Jehu to Bidkar his cap
tain, Take up, and 'caft him in the portion
of the field of Naboth the Jezreelite : for
remember how that, when I and thou
rode together after Ahab his father, f the
Lord laid this burden upon him.
26 Surely I have feen yefterday the
+ blood of Naboth, and the blood of his
s fons,. faith the Lord; and I will requite
thee in this * plat, faith the Lord. Now,
therefore, take and caft him into, the plat
of ground, according ta the word of the
Lord. 27 ^[ But, when h Ahaziah the king of
Judah faw this, he fled by the way ofthe
garden houfe; And Jehu followed after
him, and faid, Smite him alfo in the
chariot. And they didfo at the going up
to Gur, which is by * Ibleam. And he
^ fled to Megiddo, and died there.
28 And his l fervants carried him in a
chariot to Jerufalem, and buried him in
his fepulchre with his fathers in the city
of David-

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — God's minifters muft com
municate their labours and honours one with another; and muft
difcharge their office in a faithful, prudent, a&ive, and difinterefted
manner, let men account them mad, or any thing they pleafe. T°
what terrible lengths profeffors of the true religion go before- God
entirely rejects them from being his people! But fuch as rule
ought to confider God as; the fource of their power, and to ufe it
humbly for his glory. To what fearful work Godt fometimes ap
points magiftrates ! and there is need of great finglenefs and fteadi-
nefs in executing it. To afk advice from our equals or inferiors
is the moft effectual method to procure the.ir confent ; and matters
©f importance ought to be tranfacled with proper fecrecy and dif
patch-. Tottering" is the throne of wicked kings ; and terrible
deftruction hangs over the finner's head ! But perfecutors of God's
people are reckoried by him thfe moft heinous offenders ; and they
who. perfift in their impenitence fhall be rooted out at laftj and
8

29 And in the m eleventh year of Joram
the fon of Ahab began Ahaziah to reign
over Judah.
30 % And, when Jehu was come to
Jezreel, Jezebel, heard of it; and fhe
1 n painted her face, and tired her head,
and looked out at a window.
3 1 And as Jehu entered in at the gate
fhe faid, Had0 Zimri peace, who flew
his mafter ?
32 And he lifted up his face to the
window, and faid, Who is on my fide ?
who ? And there looked out to him two
or three * eunuchs.
33 And he faid, Throw her down. So
they threw her down ; and fome of her
blood was fprinkled on the wall, and
on the horfes : and he p trode her under
foot- 34 And when he was come in he did
eat and drink, and faid, Go, fee now this
q curfed woman, and r bury her; for fhe
is s a. king's daughter.
25 And they went to bury her; but
they found no more of her than the fcull,
and the feet, and the palms of her hands.
2& Wherefore they came again, and
told him. And he faid, This is the word
of the Lord, which he fpake + by his
fervant Elijah the Tifhbite, faying, c In
the portion of Jezreel fhall dogs eat the
flefh of Jezebel :
2 J And the carcafe of Jezebel fhall be
as "dung upon the face of the field in
the portion of Jezreel ; fo that they fliall
not fay, This is Jezebel.

Before Chrift ,
884."
ni Then he began to,
reign as viceioy
to his father in hia
jicknefs, 2 Chr.
21. 18, 19; birt in
Joram's 12th year
he began to reign
alone, ch. 8. 25.
|| Heb. put her eres ia
painting.
n Jer. 4. 30. Ezek.
23. 40. Rev. 2. 20.

0 1 Kin. 16. 9— J9»

* Or chasnberhin\

p Ch.7. 20. ver. 26.
Mal. 4. j.

q Prov. 10. 7. If. 6J.
IS.
r Eccl.'fi. 3-. Jer. zz.
19. Sc 36. 3-3.
s j Kin, 16. 31.

f Heb. by the hand ef.
t 1 Kin. 21. 23. Job
31.3. Ads 12. 23,

li Pf. Fj.i^.JeY, 8.Z.
Sc 10. 4.

companions of fools fhall be deftroyed along with them. Solid
peace can never confift with wilful finning, let finners wifh and
expe£t it as they will ; and whoredoms, which are now men's plea
fure, will fhortly iflue in everlafting pain. Providence ftrangely
conne&s the circumftances of men's punifhment with thofe of
their crimes and his own threatenings; and all things work For
their overthrow whom he hath devoted to deftruction. Them
felves are made to rufh on their ruin; and God's inftruments' of
wrath may be infulted, but will not be intimidated. Wickednefs
and wretchednefs are really infeparable, and at laft meet in fearful
forms. Paintinp- and pampering do but ripen for tremendous woe.
And, though for a time finners may lift their heads high, they will
ihortly be brought low in death, and ftilllower in hell: and not
only their corpfe, but their memory, fhall rot and perifh. And,
whether inftruments intend it or not, the word of the Lord ilr.U
have its full accomplifhment.

Ahah1 s feventy defendants fain.

Ahah and Ahaziah' s kindred fain.

Before Chrift
884.

a -i Kin. H. si.

to Deut. 16. 18.
1 Kin. 21. 8 — 14.
'• Heb. murijhers.

C CI1.-5. 6. Eccl. 9.
jo. John 13. 27.

4Deut. T7- H-> '5
iSam. 11. 15.
2, Sam. 2. 8, y.
1 Km. 2. 24.

cCh. 9. 14,17.
Luke 14. 31.

CHAP. X.
iii^r^ ( I ) Jehu proceeds in his work againfl the houfe
ef Ahab ; caufes the elders of Samaria to murder
feventy of his children or . grandchildren ; I — io:
kills his kinsfolk and priefts of the family ; li — 14,
17. After meeting Jehonadab the Kenite, he invites
•the worfhippers of Baal to a feaft, and maffacres
them; 15 — 25; and extirpates the worfhip of
Baal; 26 — 28. (2) While God affigns him the
crown of Ifrael for five generations, as his reward,
he continues adhering to the idolatry of the golden
calves; 29 — 31. (3) To punifh his and his fub
jecls' fin, they are terribly diftreffed, and murdered
by Hazael, king of Syria, before Jehu's own death ;
32— 36-
AND Ahab had a feventy fons in Sa
maria. And Jehu wrote letters,
and fent to Samaria, unto b the rulers of
Jezreel, to the elders, and to * them that
brought up Ahab's children, faying,
2 Now, "- as foon as this letter cometh
to you, feeing your. mafter's fons are with
you, and there are with you chariots and
horfes, a fenced city alfo, and armour ;
3 Look even out d the beft and meeteft
of your mafter's fons, and fet him on
his father's throne, and fight for your
mafter's houfe.
4 But they were exceedingly afraid,
and faid, Behold, e two -kings ftood not
before him ; how then fhall we ftand ?
5 And he that was over the houfe, and
he that was over the city, the elders alfo,
and the bringers up of the children, fent
:z'd°c\'. to Jehu, faying, f We are thy fervants,
and will do all that thou fhalt bid us ;
we will not make any king : do thou that
which is good in thine eyes.
6 Then he wrote a letter the fecond
time to them, faying, If ye be + mine,
and if ye will hearken unto my voice,
take ye g the heads of the men your
mafter's fons, and come to me to Jezreel
by to-morrow this time. Now the king's
fons, being feventy perfons, were with
the great men of the city which brought
them up.
7 And it came to pafs, when the letter
came to them, that they took the king's
'm.S1''14' l°ns» anc* h Hew feventy perfons, and
put their heads in bafkets, and fent him
them to Jezreel.

Belore Chrift
884. ,

II. KINGS. 8 % And there came a meffenger, and
told him, faying, They have brought'
the heads of the king's fons. And he
faid, * Lay ye them in two heaps at the ! ™£-£*£
of the sate until the morn-

Pf9. »I,

entering in
ing.

gate

It Kin. 20,
9. 11, 24, .
28. 14. Jer. 38. 17.
Eec.1. 10. a.

if Heh. for me.

% Exofl. 20. 5. Jofh.
J. 24. Rev. 2. 23.
f. 14. 2C, 21.
1 Kin. 21. 21. Jer.
jLB. IO. Job 18. 17,
19. & 20. 27. &
ZI. IS).

k 1 Sam. 25. 22.
I Kin. 21. 21.
Prov. 21. 3. ch.c,
'4.

I Zech. I. 6. I Sam.
3. 19. ch. 9. 7,H.
I Kin. 21, 21— is,
29. 1 Sam. 15. 29,

9 And it came to pafs, in the morning,
that he went out, and flood, and faid to
all the people, Ye be k righteous : behold,
I confpired againft my mafter, and flew
him ; but who flew all thefe ?
10 Know now ' that there fhall fall
unto the earth nothing of the word of the
Lord which the Lord fpake concerning
the houfe of Ahab : for the Lord hath
done that which he fpake * by his fervant ***.»,*,»*„-.
J * 11 1 r m I Kin. 21. 21— 24.
11 So Jehu flew m all that remained <*. 9.7-1°.
of the houfe of Ahab in Jezreel, and; all -
h* II 1 • c 11 .1 H Or -acquaintance.
is ." kinsfolks, and

his

great

men,

and

n Chaplains. 1 Kin.
18.17. Song 2. 15.

s Heb. houCe sfjbtp-
herd* binding fheep.

p Ver. 6, ic, li.
% Chr. M.S. Pf.
50. ii, iz. Pravi
1$. 23, 21. fee
ver. 6.

" his priefts, until, he left him none re
maining. 1 2 ^[ And he arofe and departed, and
came to Samaria : and, as he was at the
; fhearing houfe in the way,
12 Tehu + met with ° the brethren of 'tlif'f""'d-
J J - n Gen. IJ. 8. 2Chr.
Ahaziah king of Judah, and faid, Who fj;n%";ll,-"
are ye ? and they anfwered, We are the f]i"
brethren of Ahaziah ; and we go down to
* falute the children of the king and the %"L./.&c! '
children of the queen.
14 And he faid, p Take them alive
And they took them alive, and flew them
at the pit of the fhearing houfe, even two
and forty men ; neither left he any of
them. 15 ^[ And, when he was departed
thence, he II lighted on 1 Jehonadab the
fon of Rechab, coming to meet him, and
he r faluted him, and faid to him, s Is
thine heart right, as my heart is with
thy heart ? And Jehonadab anfwered, It
is. If it be, give me thine hand. And he
gave him his hand ; and he took him up
to him into the chariot.
1 6 And he faid, Come with me, and
fee t my zeal for ' the Lord. So they
made him ride in his chariot.
1 7 And when he came to Samaria he
,flew all that remained unto Ahab in

I! Heb. ftami.
c\ I Chr. 2. 55. Judg.
4. 11. Jer. 35. 6.'
r Heb. bleffed. Gen.
3J-53- "
s I Chr. 11. 17, 18.
Gal. 2.9. Sc 4.11.

tlKin. 10. 17.CI1.9.
' 7 — 9. Prov, 27. 2.
Mat. 6. a. Rom.
10. a, j.

Before Chrift

1 1 Kin. 21. 21. Mal.
4. 1,3. 2 Chr. 22.
8. ver. 6, 11.

X 1 Kin. 16. 31, 32.
Job 13.7. Rom, 3.
«. Phil. 4. 8.

y 1 Km .22.6. ch. 3.
13. ver. ai.

3. z Cor. 12. 16. Sc 4.
2. Mat. jo. 16.

a Heb. fancci'y.
1 Kin. 11. 12. Sc
iH. 19.

Baafs worjhippers and worfhip extirpated.
Samaria, till he had u deftroyed him,
according to the faying of the Lord
which he fpake to Elijah.
18 % And Jehu gathered all the people
together, and faid unto them, " Ahab
ferved Baal a little, but Jehu fhall ferve
him much.
1 9 Now therefore call unto me all ? the
prophets of Baal, all his fervants, and all
his priefts ; let none be wanting : for I
have a great facrifice to do to Baal ;
whofoever fhall be wanting, he fhall not
live. But Jehu did // z in fubtlety, to
the intent that he might deftroy the
worfhippers of Baal. y
20 And Jehu faid, a Proclaim a folemn
affembly for Baal. And they proclaimed
//. 2 1 And Jehu fent through all Ifrael :
and all the worfhippers of Baal came, fo
that there was not a man left that came
not. And b they came into the houfe of
Baal ; and the houfe of Baal was * full
from one end to another.
22 And he faid unto him that was
over the veftry, Bring forth c veftments
for all the worfhippers of Baal. And he
brought them forth + veftments.
> 23 And Jehu went, and Jehonadab the
fon of Rechab, into the houfe of Baal,
and faid unto the worfhippers of Baal,
Search, and look that there be here with
you none of the fervants of the Lord,
but the worfhippers of Baal only.
24 And, when they went in to offer
facrifices, and burnt -offerings, Jehu
appointed fourfcore men without, and
<siKin.io.39,4°. faid, d If any of the men whom I have
brought into your hands efcape, he that
letteth him go, his life Jhall be for the life
of him.
25 And it came to pafs, as foon as he
had made an end of offering the burnt-
offering, that Jehu faid to the guard and
to the captains, Go in, "and flay them ;
let none come forth. And they fmote
them with + the edge of the fword ; and

C H A P. X.

Jehu's fn : Hazael' s ravages.

b Joel 3. 2, 11, 12.
Kev. 16. 16. ver.
ig.
* Or fo /a//, that
they flood mouth
te mouth*

e Exod. 23. 1. 2 Cor.
j 1. 14,15.,

f Sacred robes.

e Ezek. 9. 5, 6.
* i Kin. 18. 40.

% Heb. the mouth.

Before Chart
S84..

'images « Heb. /*/«/,

the guard and the captains caft them out,
and went to the city of the houfe of
Baal. 26 And they brought forth the
out of the houfe of Baal, and burned
them. 27 And they f brake down the image (t£\?:.ff;f-
of Baal, and brake down the houfe of f.^&'j'.^ev,
Baal, and made it a draught houfe unto
this day.
28 Thus Jehu deftroyed Baal out of
Ifrael. 29 % s Howbeit,yr0;« the fins of Jero
boam the fon of Nebat, who made Ifrael
to fin, Jehu departed not from after them,
to wit, the golden calves that were in
Beth-el9 and that were in Dan.

g Mark 6. 20. & iz.
34. Hof. r. 4.
1 Kin. 12. a«, 2ov
Hof. rj. j, 2. ch.
7. j. & 1$. 2, 11.
&I4. 24. &IJ. 9b
j8, 24. ver. 31.

Be-

executing

h Num. 25. ir— tj.
1 Kin. zi. 29. ch.
9, 7. Mai. 6. i- &
10. 41. ,

kProv.'4.2j.Pf. J9«
1. Eccl. 5. 1.
12. 28— u*
_ 26, 30. &
16. 19, 26- ch. ¦>,»
3. ver. 29.

30 And the Lord faid unto Jehu,
caufe thou haft done well in
that which is right in mine eyes, and haft
done unto the houfe of Ahab according
to all that was in mine heart, thy chil
dren of the ' fourth generation fhall fit on ^'sl^scVZ
fhe throne of Ifrael.
31 But Jehu * took no k heed to walk
in the law of the Lord God of Ifrael
with all his heart : for he l departed not ' '/";
from the fins of Jeroboam, which made
Ifrael to fin.
32 % In thofe days the Lord m began ">ch.s.i«.ver.sj
+ to cut Ifrael fhort: and Hazael fmote f ££" """*'
them in all the coafts of Ifrael ; cir. 860.
33 From Jordan + eaftward, all n the *^'./Xj^"'
land of Gilead, the Gadites, and the n^im.***;
Reubenites, and the Manaffites, from
Aroer, which is by the river Arnon, JI even " wlXG;w
Gilead and Bafhan.
34 f ° Now the reft of the afts of Jehu, e^^?"|
and all that he did, and all his might, i(%$£f_
are they not written in the book of the t;£tzffl'~
chronicles of the kings of Ifrael ?
2$ And Jehu flept with his fathers ;
and they buried him in Samaria. And
Jehoahaz his fon reigned in his ftead.
36 And * the time that Jehu reigned
over Ifrael in Samaria was twenty and
years.

. Deut.
3. 12—17. Jolh.
13. 9—12.

856.

t Ucb.the dssit t/eett.

eight

Reflections upon Chap. X. — Obftinate finners lay up ter
rible judgments for themfelves and their feed: and loads of guilt .
extirpate numerous and flourifhing families. But none are more
Vol. I.

ready to imbrue their hands in the blood of a fovereign's children
than thofe who have been his inftruments in murdering the inno
cent. No regard to their prince will afterwards reftrain thole
4*,

Athaliah reigns.

II. KINGS.

Before Chrift
S84.

a Ch.8.26. Sctj.zj.
2CJu. 22. ic, II.

b 2 Chr. 22. 6. Ezek.
16.44- Rev. 17.6.
Prov. I. 16. Sc A.
16. If. 59. 7.
iir.gdcm.
c 2 Chr. 22. II, 12.
Gen. 22. 14. Deal.
32. 36.

ii#in.6.8.Jer.35. 2. Ezek. 40. 45.
1 Kin. II. 36.
Prov. ji. jo.

C Pf. 12. 8. Mal. 3.
15. Rev. 17* 1, 7.
878.
f Levites. Ver. 9,
a Chr. 23.1, 2, fj.
1 Chr. 9. 13.

gCen.iT. 52. Sczd.
28. Sc ,31. 44.
1 Sara, 18, 3. Heb.
f. 16,

h 1 Chr. 23. 1—6. Sc
24. 3— 3 1. Luke 1.
», 9. I Chr. 9. 25.

CHAP. XI.
Having feen one terrible revolution in Ifrael, we have
now a merciful one in Judah. ( I ) Athaliah, daugh
ter of Ahab and mother, of Ahaziah, enraged by the
ruin of her fon and friends, murders every defcendant
of king David Jhe could find, her own grandchildren
not excepted ; and feizes on the crown for herfelf;
1, 2, 3. (2) Joafh, an infant fon of Ahazifih, is
wonderfully preferved by his aunt; and after fix
years is publicly produced by Jehoiada, his uncle;
2,4 — 12. (3) Alarmed by the noife of the folem
nity, Athaliah repairs to the court of the temple, and
is flain by Jehoiada' s order; 13 — 16. (4) By
- means of folemn .covenanting with God, and with one
another, idolatry is extirpated, and true religion and
liberty reftored; 17 — 21.
AND, when a Athaliah the mother of
Ahaziah faw that her fon was dead,
fhe arofe, and h- deftroyed all the ' feed
royal. 2 But c Jehofheba, the daughter of
king Joram, fifter of Ahaziah, took Joafh
the fon of Ahaziah, and ftole him from
among the king's fons which were flain ;
and they hid him, even him and his nurfe,
in the d bed chamber from Athaliah, fo
that he was not flain.
3 And he was with her hid in the houfe
of the Lord fix years. And Athaliah
did e reign over the land.
4 ^f Andthe feventh year Jehoiada fent
and fetched the f rulers over hundreds,
with the captains and the guard, and
brought them to him into the houfe of
the Lord, and made a s covenant with
them, and took an oath of them in the
houfe of the Lord, and, fhewed them the
king's fon.
5 And he commanded them, faying,
This is the thing that ye fhall do ; A third
part h- of you that enter in on the fabbath

Joafh anointed and crowned,
fhall even he keepers of the. watch pf the *^$*
king's houfe;
6 And a third part fhall be at 'l the gate 'VSS.S&Jv
- - ' sf , *-* ¦ Afls 4. J,
part at the gate
fo fhall ye keep the
t that it be not broken +£*•""*«

II Heb. hands.
k Ver. 5. 1 Chr. 26,
25. 2 Chr. 2;. 6.

23. 7—21.

of Sur; and a
behind the guard :
watch of the houfe,
down. 7 And two * « parts of all you that kgo J**"***
/ /-111 1 ^^111"Hel)¦ hands.
forth on the fabbath, even they fhall keep
the watch of the houfe of the Lord about
the king.
8 And ye fhall compafs the king round
about, every man with his weapons in
his hand : and he that cometh within
the ranges, l let him be flain : and be ye ' ^"ffkn,
with the king as he goeth out and as he
cometh in.
9 And the captains over the hundreds
did according to all things that Jehoiada
the prieft commanded : and they took
every man his men that were to come in
on the fabbath, with them that fhould go
out on the fabbath, and came to Jehoiada,
the prieft.
10 And to the captains over hundreds
did the prieft give king m David's fpears
and fhields, that were in the temple of
the Lord.
1 1 And the guard ftood, every man
with his weapons in his hand, round
about the king, from the right * corner •K=b.Jw*»
of the t temple to the left corner Qf tGr=atC0Urt"
the temple, along by the n altar and the ttiCia-^"
temple. °Ver,~1' lCh'-1!-
1 2 And he brought forth ° the
fon, and put the crown upon him
rave him the p teftimony ; and they made <l if I?k™'.,;*i6'
1 • . . 1 •ii* 11 Lam. 4. 20.
him king, and i anointed him; and rthey rpr.^.,.

m 1 Sam. zi. 9,
aSam. 8.' 7,

kui£ S p Exod. za. 16. pr.
° . - 78. J. Ii. S. 16, 20.
and r>cut- J7- ig — ac.

whofe hands have by his order been drenched in blood. They who
debauch men's confciences will find the effefts of it return on
their own heads. Guilt makes men fpiritlefs cowards when
brought to a trial ; they will be always ready to fide with the
ftrongeft ; and, when they want an excufe to cover their fhame,
any ihadow of argument will ftand. It is common for wicked
men to lefien their guilt by comparing it with that of others.
But friendfhip and intimacy with finners involves us in their
punifhment: and fuch as have been inftruments in wickednefs
fhare in the ruin of their wicked encouragers. How righteous are
the judgments of God, even, when the executors act wickedly!
But it is ill-boding when pretended reformers are proud of their
work, and indulge themfelves in hypocrify and falfehood to accom
plifh it. They who boaft of their zeal give ground to fufpedr. their
fincerity. And though1 the godly, wh>-m "they carefs for their

felfifh interefts, cannot but approve what is apparently good, the
Lord will at laft difcover their hypocrify and evil. Falfe religion
ought to be extirpated, and obftinate idolaters flain: and, if men
overlook them, Jefus will at laft convene them to execute his ven-
geance upon them. It mews the great evil of the heart when the
wifdom of the ferpent meets with its poifon in our work; and
when with feverity we extirpate one form of falfe worfhip, yet
cleave at the'fame time to another. Real converts muft put away
-¦ll fin without referve. For how awful will be our ftate, if, when
we have done good to the fouls of others, we fhould lofe our owi?
by our ne-ligence in the fervice of God! If hypocrites receive
their temporary reward of good deeds on earth, how much more
glorious the reward of the diligent faint ! And, while God rewards
men for what they do well, it is juft that he fhould feverely punifh
them for what they do amifs.

Athaliah is fain,

CHAP. XI. XII. Preparations for repairing the temple.

Before Chrift
87S.
i Heb. Let tks km*
lh-e. 1 Kin. I. 34.
2 Sam. id. 16. Vf.
72. 15, 17.
$2 Chr. 23. 12— -15.

u2Chr.6.'i;. 5:34.
3!. Ch. 2!. J.

X fcKin. 1. 39,40.
I Chr. ii. 40. ver,
52. Prov. 29. 2.

y Ver.T,2. jKln.18.
17, 18. Mat. 7, 5.
Rora. 2. I — 3.

z Ver. 4, g, to.
IChr. 23. 9,14.

2 Ezek. 30. 8. Rev.
19. 20. ch. 10. 21 —
25. Jer. 48. 10.

God fave

bVer.i. Jtidz. I. 7.
Mat. 7. 2. Rev. 16.
5—7. &18. 6.
cDeut. 5. 2, 3. £29.
1, 12. Jofh. 24. 25.
2 Chr. 15. 12, 14.
& 29.10. $£54. 11.
, Ezra jo. 3. N*eh.
5. 12. & 9. 38.
d Deut. 17. 16.
2Sam. 23 3. Pf.
122. 9. Rom. 13.
1— j.
e Ch. 10. if— 27,
2 Chr. 23. 18. If.
2. 18. Zech. 13. 2.
1 The. 1. 9.

% Heb. 'ffku.

clapped their hands, and faid,
the king.
1 2 % And, ' when Athaliah heard the
noife of the guard and of the people, fhe
came to the people into the temple of the
Lord* 14 And, when fhe looked, behold, the
king ftood by a " pillar, as the manner
was, and the princes and the trumpeters
by the king, and * all the people of the
land rejoiced, and blew with trumpets :
and Athaliah rent her clothes, and cried,
y Treafon, treafon !
1 5 But Jehoiada the prieft commanded
the * captains ofthe hundreds, the officers
of the hoft, arid faid unto them, Have
her forth without the ranges ; and him
that afolloweth her kill with the fword.
For the prieft had faid, Let her not be
flain in the houfe of the Lord.
. 1 6 And they laid hands on her ; and
fhe- went by the way by the which the
horfes came into the king's houfe, and
there b was fhe flain.
ij % And Jehoiada c made a covenant
between the Lord and the king and the
people, that they fhould be the Lord's
people
people 1 8 And all the people of the land c went
into the houfe of Baal, and brake it down ;
his altars and his images brake they in
pieces thoroughly, and flew Mattan the
prieft of Baal before the altars. And the
prieft appointed + officers over the houfe
ofthe Lord.
1 9 Arid he took the rulers over hun
dreds, and the captains, and the guard,
and all the people of the land ; and they
brought down the king; from the houfe of

between d the king alfo and the

Before Chrift

I" Ver. 5. 2 Chr. 23..
S> ")¦

g Prov. II, 10. ver.
14. s

Chr. 23.1. ver. 4.
h. 22. 1. Cc 21, 1.
& 15. 2.

aaChr.xa.i.ch.it.

the Lord, and came by the way ofthe
f gate of the guard to the king's houfe.
And he fat on the throne of the kings.
20 And all the people of the land
s rejoiced, and the city was in quiet : and
they flew Athaliah with the fword befide
the king's houfe.
2 1 h Seven years old was Jehoafh when h S"1
he besran to reien.
CHAP. XII.
Informs us ( I ) How well Jehiafo reigned while Je
hoiada lived to direcl him, though the reformation he
made was not complete; I — 3. (2) How ailive
both were in repairing the temple of God, which,
during the late idolatries, had been going to ruin ;
4 — 16. (3) How, after a mean compofition with
Hazael king of Syria, Jehoafh was murdered by his
own fervants ; 1 7 — 2 1 .
N a the feventh year of Jehu Jehoafh "i^'chr.1'^
began to reign ; and forty years reigned
he in Jerufalem. And his mother's name
was Zibiah of b Beer-fheba.
2 And Jehoafh did that which was
c right in the fight of the Lord all his cV*"£$2£Cto-
days wherein Jehoiada the prieft in-
ftru&ed him.
2 But d the high places were not taken
away : the people ftill facrificed and
burnt incenfe in the high places.
4 ^[ And Jehoafh faid to the priefts,
All the money of the dedicated * e things
that is brought into the houfe of the
Lord, even the money of every one that
f paffeth the account, + the money that
every man is s fet at, and all the money
that + h cometh into any man's heart to
bring into the houfe of the Lord,
5 Let the ' priefts take it to them,
eyery man of his acquaintance ; and let
them repair the breaches of the houfe
wherefoever any breach fhall be found.

b Gen. 21. 14, 31-
33. Judg. 20. 1.

i I Kin. ij. 4. & 22.
43.ch.14. 4. Sc 15.
4, 35. 2 Chr. 33.
17. 1..-. high places
Where God was
wdrihipped,

* Or hely thinlt.
e Heb. nelineJfes.Vcr.
iS. ch. 22. 4.

f Exod. 30. 12.
f Heb. the money tf
the full of hit cfli.
tnaiim.
g Lev. xxvii.
% Heb. afn-dch vpm
the heart ef a man.
hExod. \S-S-Sc zc,
2. 1 Chr. xxii.
xxix.
12 Chr. 24. 5. iCJir.
2y. 6 — Q. Ezra 7.
J6.&8.25.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — Mad ambition to reign fteels
the heart againft the moft natural affections : and men would be
devils incarnate, were it not for the reftraining grace of God.
Even women would do every thing horrid to fecure their unlawful
power, or wreak their malice againft God and his favourites.
What terrible bloodfhed, and ruin to a family, does the introduc
tion of one wicked woman produce! [Comp. 2 Chron. xxi. 4. and
xxii. 1. 2 Kings x. \t\. andxi. 1.] But, however finners triumph
in their wickednefs, their judgment lingers not; and believers fhall
be plucked as brands out of the burning. The promife of God
fhallbe fulfilled, let Satan arid his agents do their worft; and all
the a&ivity of finners fhall but haften their own ruin. God fhall

hunt out the remains of accurfed families, till they be utterly de
ftroyed : and neither wicked calumnies nor loud cries fhall avail
them. But what a bleffing is one great man to a church and
nation, when he is active, prudent, and pious) They, who firft
give themfelves to the Lord, may comfortably hope for his blefT—
ing upon their undertakings : and civil eftablifhments are beft
founded in a due care of true religion. That kingdom will be
truly happy where God's word is made the rule of the monarch's
government, and of the people's obedience: and, when religion
comes in fafhion, every man will appear zealous ; and religion,
liberty, and order, will fupport one another.
4B 2

Money collected for repairing the temple, II. KINGS.

Jehoafh haraffed and murdered.

Befo-e Chrift
»55-

k Ver. 4, J. 2 Chr. ^
14. «,6.&a9.4,s.

1 Phil. 2. 11. 2Tim.
4. 10.

m z Chr. 24. 8. Mark
12. 41.

11 Of burnc-offering

6 But it was fo, that, in the three
and twentieth year of king Jehoafh, the
priefts had not repaired the breaches of
the houfe.
7 Then king Jehoafh called for Jehoiada
the prieft, and the other priefts, and
faid unto them, Why repair ye not the
breaches of the houfe ? now therefore
receive no more money of your acquaint
ance, but deliver it for the breaches of
the houfe.
8 And the priefts ' confented to receive
no more money of the people, neither to
repair the breaches ofthe houfe.
9 But Jehoiada the prieft m took a cheft,
and bored a hole in the lid of it, and fet
ac£.n4"?!rx!!i: it befide the " altar, on the right fide as
one cometh into the houfe of the Lord :
c^.threfhM. Pf. ^J ^g priefts ^^ k^ ^g o do()r put
therein all the money that was brought
into the houfe of the Lord.
10 And it was fo, when they faw that
there was much money in the cheft, that
pi'j?:S.'25Sach; the king's p fcribe and the high prieft
came up, and they •' put up in bags, and
told the money that was found in the
houfe of the Lord.
1 1 And they q gave the money, being
told, into the hands of them that did the
work, that had the overfight of the houfe
of the Lord : and they * laid it out to
the carpenters and builders that wrought
upon the houfe ofthe Lord,
12 Arid to mafons and hewers of ftone,
and to buy timber and hewed ftone to
repair the breaches of the houfe of the
tH"b'"M Lord, and for all that * was laid out for
the houfe to repair it.
'^Nut'ia": 13 Howbeit, r there were not made for
then, batTter1-0' the houfe of the Lord bowls of filver,
wards made. '
fnuffers, bafons, trumpets, any veffels
of gold, or veffels of filver, of the money

19. 2.
(I Heb. hciin J up.

q 2 Chr. 24. 12. ch
22. 5, fj. If. 58. 12,

* Heb. brctioht it
firth.

that was brought into the houfe of the, *%?*
Lord. "-
1 4 But they gave that to the workmen,
and repaired therewith the houfe of the
Lord. 15 Moreover, 'they reckoned not with ! »h'i Thei-.'^k4'
the men, into whofe hand they delivered
the money to be beftowed on workmen ;
for they dealt faithfully.
1 6 The 'trefpafs money and fin money '^''.^i^
was not brought into the houfe of the 2S--Nura-'8-9-
Lord : it was the priefts'. " -
1 7 % Then u Hazael king of Syria went u ££ ,'*•*£»¦
up, and fought againft x Gath, and took J™"''5'17'
. r' , TT & , °r . . - ' XI Chr. 8.13. 1 S>m.
it : and Hazael y fet his face to go up to 271'2-
T r 3 Ol y2Chr.24.23. Jer.
Jerufalem, 4a-15.Luke9.s1.
18 And Jehoafh king ofjudah z took z S&ft,s,1s,
all the hallowed things that Jehofhaphat,
and Jehoram, and Ahaziah, his fathers,
kings of Judah, had dedicated, and his i*°-
own hallowed things, and all the gold
thai was found in the treafures of the
houfe of the Lord, and in the king's
houfe, and fent it to Hazael king of ,
Syria ; and he + went away from Jeru- tHebvtwaiv,
falem. s^
19 5[a Andthe reft of the afts of Joafh, aiK.n,i..4,.&,4;
and all that he did, are they not written 7s-^i% "*
in the book ofthe chronicles of the kings
of Judah ?
20 And b his fervants arofe, and made ^Im.'1*'26-1
a confpiracy, and flew Joafh in c the e or »**«./.. ,
houfe of Millo, which goeth down to Silla. «»^'-s»&W
2 1 For Jozachar the fon of Shimeath,
and Jehozabad the fon of Shomer, his
fervants, fmote him, and he died ; and
they buried him with his fathers in the
city of David. And Amaziah his fon
reigned in his ftead.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Old and evil cuftoms are
hard to root out: and rarely is the reformation of religion exactly
anfwerable to the divine ftandard of God's word. Fear of men
or hopes that corruptions will die away of their own accord, often
make good men to flop fhort. What a mercy it is for youth,
particularly princes, to have pious, prudent, -and faithful tutors !
'And often young hypocrites, under fuch care, manifeft for a time
more forwardnefs in the work of reformation than the ao-ed fer
vants of God. How hopeful it is when liberality, in contributing

CHAP. XIII.
Returns to the kings of Ifrael defcended from Jehu.
( 1 ) Jehoahaz his fon , reigns^ as wickedly as him-

for facred purpofes, meets with prudence and fidelity in the difpo-
fal. But, when men are only reftrained from evil by the influence
of others, their wickednefs readily breaks out at laft, and they de
ftroy what they have built. Hypocrites will not always call on
God, but will become foolifh in their imaginations, and haften
their own ruin by the means which they ufe to prevent it. And
upon none does God more readily imprint diftinguifhed marks of
his vengeance than upon apoftate hypocrites, who chiefly difho-
nour his caufe.

Jehoahaz s bad reign.

CHAP. XIII.

Jfraefs mifery ; Elijha'' sf chiefs.

Before Chrifl
855.

felf; his kingdom is almoft ruined by Hazael king of

Syria; 1—3, ft 22

crying to God, he obtains fome reliej

but, humbling lat

himfelf,
h 5> 23 :

and yet
at laft dies, obftinate in his idolatries; 6,8, 9.
(2) Jehoajh his fon fucceeds him, and reigns
wickedly ; but gains feveral advantages over the Sy
rians; 10, 13, 24, 25. (3,) Elifha, now very
aged, is, in his laft ftcknefs, vifi'.ed by Jehoajh, whom,
by the fymbolical flnooting of an arrow, and fmiting
thrice with others on the ground, he affures of three
victories over the Syrians; 14 — 19: he dies, and
is buried; and a dead man is reftored to life by touch
ing his bones; 20, 21.

Sc 10.
36. Sc 1 1 . 6. ver.

aCh.8

IN a the
Joafh,

three and twentieth year of
the fon of Ahaziah king of
Judah, Jehoahaz the fon of Jehu began
to reign over Ifrael in Samaria, and reigned
feventeen years.
2 And he b did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord, and * followed
the fins of Jeroboam the fon of Nebat,
which made Ifrael to fin ; he departed
not therefrom.
2 % And c the anger of the Lord was
£tch.l.j.,°' kindled againft Ifrael, and he delivered
them into the hand of Hazael king of
Syria, and into the hand of Ben-hadad
the fon of Hazael, all their days.
4 And Jehoahaz d befought the Lord,.
and the Lord hearkened unto him : for
he e faw the oppreffion of Ifrael, becaufe
the king of Syria opprefled them.
5 (And the Lord gave Ifrael a f faviour,
fo that they went out from under the
hand of the Syrians : and the children
of Ifrael dwelt in their tents + as before-
time. 6 Neverthelefs, g they departed not from
the fins of the houfe of Jeroboam, who
made Ifrael fin, but + walked therein :
and there I' remained the h grove alfo in
Samaria.) 7 Neither did he leave of the people to
Jehoahaz but fifty horfemen, and ten
chariots, and ten thoufand footmen ; for
; the king of Syria ' had deftroyed them,
and had made them like the duft by
threfhing. 8 % Now kthe reft of the a&s of Je
hoahaz, and all that he djd, and his
might, are they not written in the book
of the chronicles of the kings of Ifrael ?

b Ch. 10. zn,. 1 Kin.
12.26—33. & 13.
33. Sc 14. 8,9.
* Heb. walked after.

e Deut. 4. 24. & g.
10. & 32. zi-, 22.

Heb. 12. 29.

842.
d Judg. 10. 10. Pf.
78. 34. & 50.15. If.
26. 16. Jer. 22. 23.
1 Kin. 21. 29.
e i'.xr.d. 3. 7. Gen.
31. 42. Ii. 63. 9-
ver. 23.
f Ver. 25. ch. u. 25*
27. If.19.2s. Neh.
9.27. Obad.21.

f Heb. di yefterday*
and the third day.

% Ch. 17. 7-17.
Deut. 32. 15-

t Heb. bt walked,
II Heb.JiW.
li 1 Kin. 16. 33.
Deut. 7. 5.

I Ch. 8. 12. & 10.
Amos 1. 3. 1 Kin,
20. 15, 27. with
1 Chr. 21. 5,

k 1 Kin. 14. 19,
*k IP. ^,35

Before Chrift;
1 1 Kir. 14. 13. Job

m In confort with
his father. Ch.
14. I-

•-i n See ver. 2. iKin.
evil 12. 26-33. sc i5.
33. ch. j.s.&io.

9 And Jehoahaz flept with his fathers;
and ' they buried him in Samaria : and
Joafh his fon reigned in his * ftead.
10 ^[ In the thirty and feventh year of
Joafh king of Judah began Jehoafh the
fon of Jehoahaz m to reign over Ifrael in
Samaria, and reigned fixteen years.
1 1 And " he did that which was
in the fight of the Lord ; he departed not
from all the fins of Jeroboam the fon of
Nebat, who made Ifrael fin ; but he
walked therein.
12 °And the reft of the a£ls of Joafh,
and all that he did, and his might where
with he fought againft Amaziah king
of Judah, are they not written in the
book of the chronicles of the kings of
Ifrael \
1 3 And Joafh p flept with his fathers ;
and Jeroboam 1 fat upon his throne : and 1 \fj*-
Joafh was buried in Samaria with the g25.
kings of Ifrael..
14 % Now Elifha was fallen fick of 839'
his fieknefs whereof 'he died- And Joafh. Tru.&uzdffl:'s'.
the king of Ifrael came down unto him,
and wept over his face, and faid, 5 O my

0 See ver S, 9, 25.
ch. 14. 8-16.
2 Chr. 25. i7-*-24.

p Ver. g. ch. io.
& 14. 29.

13. & 2.

S Ch.2. 12. &6.2T.
Job 22. 30. PlOV..
father, my father, the chariot of Ifrael, li.uf^ft

him,. Take
And he took unto him,

f-Heb. Male thtnt
hand to ride.

¦ John 15, 5,
26. 12.

and the horfemen thereof!
15 And Elifha faid unto
bow and arrows.
bow and arrows.
16 And he faid to the king of Ifrael,
"•"Put thine hand upon the bow. Arid he
put his hand upon it: and Elifha 'put his t^;«ilfef^
hands upon the king's hands.
17 And he faid, Open the window
eaftward. And he opened it'. Then Elifha
faid, Shoot. And he fhot. And he faid,
u The arrow of the Lord's deliverance,
and the arrow of deliverance from Syria :
for thou fhalt fmite the Syrians in51 Aphek
till thou have, confumed them.
18 And he faid, Take the arrows. And
he took them. And he faid unto the king
of Ifrael, y Smite upon the ground. And
he fmote thrice, and ftayed.
19 And the man of God Was wroth
with him, and faid, Thou fhouldeft have
fmitten five or fix times ; then hadft thou
fmitten Syria till thou hadft confumed //:

ir.

U Exod.- 4. 2 — 9. .
Judg. 7. 9— ij.
2 Sam. 5. 24.
I Kin. 20. 26 — 3a.
1 Sam. 4. 1. ver.
19, 25.

y Exod. 17. Ji. ch.
2G. X— II. 1(. 21.
Z— 4. &3S. 21,21.

Elifha' s death.

II. KINGS.

Before Chrift
z Ver. 25.
^ He prophefied
about Go years.
839-
?Ch. 5. 2. & 6. 23.
Sc zs. z. li'. 57. 1.
rr. 12. 1.

SO Chriilxhiefly
quickened finners
liner his death.

II Heb. -went down, vr>a n
b Ver. 23, 25. ch. 14.
25 — 27. Ezek. 37.
10. Rev. 11. 11.
John 11. 25. Sc 5.
25-
cCh.8.12. & 10.32.
ver. 3, 4, 7. PI.
106.40 — 42. Deut.
48. 48.
dEzck. to. 9, 14,17.
22. Jndg. 10. 16.
t Exod. 2. 24, zc. Sc
3. 6, 7. & 32. 11,
J-;. Lev. 26. 42.
Deut. 32. 36. Pf.
105.8. Sc 106.45,
46.

* Heb. face.
c Pf. 125. 3. Luke
18. 7, 8.

whereas now thou flialt * fmite Syria but
thrice. 20 >% And + Elifha died, and they buried
him. And the a bands of the Moabites
invaded the land at the coming in of the
year. 21 And it came to pafs, as they were
burying a man, that, behold, they fpied
a band of men ; and they caft the man into
the fepulchre of Elifha : and when the
was let down, and b touched the
bones of Eliflia, he revived, and ftood up
on his feet.
22 <[f But c Hazael king of Syria op
prefled Ifrael all the days of Jehoahaz.
23 And d the Lord was gracious unto
them, and had compaffion on them, and
had refpe£f. unto them, becaufe of his
covenant with Abraham, Ifaac, andjacob ;
and would not deftroy them ; neither caft
he them from his * prefence as yet.
24 So e Hazael king of Syria died;

Ifraefs deliverance.
and Ben-hadad his fon reigned, in his *<%£'"
ftead. ' ~""
25 And Jehoafh the fon of Jehoahaz
f took again out of the hand of Ben- '*,%•&&&£
hadad the fon of Hazael the cities which
he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz
his father by war. Three times did Joafh
beat him, and recovered the cities of
Ifrael.

CHAP.

XIV.

Here we have { I ) Amaziah, kirg of Judah, reign
ing well in part, I— 4 : puniflnng the murderers of
his father Jehoajh, 5, 6 : routing the Edomites,
7 : proudly pujhing a ruinous war with Jeboafl)
king of Ifrael, 8 — 14: murdered by his fervants,
and fucceeded by his fion; 17 — 22. (2) Jeroboamll.
king of Ifrael, fiucceeding his father Jehoajh, after
being his partner about tzvelve years, recovering the
territory, and reftoring the national glory of Ifrael ;
but fill adhering to the golden calves; 15, l6,
23—29.

I

N the * fecond year of Joafh, the fon * onus redone,
of Jehoahaz king of Ifrael, reigned

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — How obftinately do men
cleave to that which is evil ! When idolatry is once rooted in a
nation, nothing but the power of God can extirpate it : and, when
men make themfelves wicked, God will make them bafe and mi
ferable. But he is ready to hear the prayer of diftrefs. His
mercy abounds even to the chief of finners. But they, who after
hoth judgments and mercies continue in their fin, may expect to
have at laft judgment without mercy. How fovereignly God
magnifies his fervants, or renders them obfcure, as he pleafes! In
what diverfified forms they leave this world! Evident marks of
God's favour and image are impreffed upon fome minifters and
faints, that even wicked magiftrates or others are in confeience
conftrained to honour them, and lament the lofs of them : and what
inftrucStion, deliverance, and victory, might kings obtain by an in
timacy with fuch ! The death-beds of noted minifters are ufeful
fchools of important wifdom : but the removal ofthe few faithful
is a great weakening to the defence of a nation. Their lofs is felt
in death, who when alive were neglerSed. God himfelf, however,
liveth as our protector and deliverer; and, when his everlafting
arms are employed in our favour, nothing can detain or withftand
us. But alas! our confined defires and expectations often cramp
our diftinguifhed mercies. We improve not the offers and advan
tages which God puts into our hands, and often we grieve him
and his fervants, by lofing our mercies for want of defire to ob
tain them. The death of God's eminent fervants is frequently
marked with tokens of wrath againft their nation or church. And
even a profpect of vicStory over one enemy is attended with trouble
from another. But what bleffings are good men, by their former
examples, inftrudtions, and prayers, even after they are dead ! And
quickly is the fate of the moft powerful and conquering nations
reverfed when God pleafes.
But does not this Eliiha prefent before us a figure of the great
God our Saviour! How abundant his fitnefs for his work! He
was endowed with the Spirit above meafure. Ardent was his zeal
for God, and tender his compaffion towards deftitute, grieved,

fainting, and endangered men. How exprefs and folemn was his
call to his offices, which was confirmed by numerous and diverfi
fied miracles! Coming after the New- Teftament Elijah, John
Baptift, he was folemnly initiated to his work on Jordan's bank.
By his complete robe of righteoufnefs he divided the depths of
wrath and Jordans of trouble. By his new covenant of fait, and
the grace thereof, he rectifies the bitter waters and barren foil of
law precepts and curfes, and of multiplied troubles. By him
ftreams of gofpel truths, ordinances, and influences, break forth in
the wildernefs for perifhing finners ; and the barren Gentile world
he makes a joyful mother of Chriftians, and thefe fruitful in good
works. To deftitute fouls and churches he multiplies their oil of
grace, till there be no more room to receive it. By his word he
often quickened the dead ; and many fuch his death difcharged from
their graves. By his death and interceffion he quickens millions,
dead in trefpafTes and fins. By his word he fweetens our bitter lots
of temptations and troubles; he reftores our finking -fpirits, and
fupplies our famifhed fouls. Multitudes of Gentile finners he
freely cures of their finful leprofy, by complete purification in the
river of his blood and fpirit ; and renders them hearty worfhippers
of the true God. He is the ftrength and protector of his church*
who gives his people vi&dries, ruins their enemies, and manages
the nations around for their good. How terrible is the refentment
of heaven againft his injurers! They that mock him are rent in
pieces, while there is none to deliver them. Thofe minifters, who
preach for filthy lucre, or who by error and falfehood wound his
honour, fhall infamoufly perifh in their fin. They who attend his
ordinances with malignant intentions fhall be fmitten with fpiritual
blindnefs and delufion. - They who difcredit his word,' or defpife
his promifed fulnefs, fliall fee it with their eyes, but never fhare
of its benefits. Tremendous vengeance befell Judas who betrayed
him: and awful is the curfe that has fallen on the Jews who
reviled, difbelieved, and perfecuted him.j and which fhall at faft fall
on all his obftinate defpifers.

Amaziafts hypocritical reign.

CHAP. XIV.

Jehoafh defeats Amaziah'' s army.

ClKin. i;. 4. &22,
43. ch. 12. 3. Sc
15.4, 35. 2 Chr.
21. 17.

Eeforechrin a Amaziah the fon of Joafh king of
22.chr.25. 1. icar. Judah. 2 He was twenty and five years old
when he began to reign, and reigned
twenty and nine years in Jerufalem. And
his mother's name was Jehoaddan of
Jerufalem.
fcch.«i2.2ci,r^ ^ And' he did that which was b right
rV&medVpoeri° in the fight of the Lord, yet not like
jicaU)-. David his father : he did according to all
things as Joafh his father did.
4 Howbeit, c the high places were
not taken away: as yet the people did
facrifice and burnt incenfe on the high
places. 5 ^[ And it came to pafs, as foon as the
dchK!i2.20>,2iwith kingdom d was confirmed in his hand,
" A^tf ?cn-9- fhat he e flew his fervants which had flain
6. Num. 3;. 33.
zchr.25.3,4. tne k^g nis father.
6 But the children of the murderers
he flew not. According unto that which
is written in the book of the law of Mofes,
wherein the Lord commanded,, faying,
' The fathers fhall not be put to death for
the children, nor the children be put to
death for the fathers ; but every man fhall
be put to death for his own fin.
7 ^[He flew of s Edom in the valley of
IsJ.V.'n.'pc. fait ten thoufand ; and took + Selah bv
6c. title »
7 or the m». war, and called the name of it Joktheel
unto this day*
826. g ^r ^hen Amaziah fent meffengers to
Jehoafh, the fon of Jehoahaz, fon of Jehu
h^7.4c"'4Cih9: king of Ifraeh, faying, Come, Met us look
j7!'ijf&i8.&ra: one another in the face.
9, And Jehoafh the king of Jfraelfent
^fm?',*"'-^. to Amaziah king of Judah, faying, '-'The
ihiitSdenotoA. thiftle that was in Lebanon fent to the
roaziah as weak. j * * T i f ' rf*~"i *
and cwitemMjbie, cedar that was m .Lebanon, layine, (jive
though un'chiev - ' J O 7
PCp'oS" thy daughter to my fon to wife : and
»tn neaceabk. there paffed by a wild beaft that was in
Lebanon, and trode down the thiftle..
hl"'dzi.^i&. 10 Thou k haft- indeed fmitten -Edom,
* and thine heart hath lifted thee up -

Pent. 24. 16. Ezek. f 1
St. 4—20.

S27.

t Heb, cttbrhtuf,. glory tf this, and tarry + at home: for
,2o!t,p,,7:f;:S why fhouldeft thou * meddle to thy hurt,
ic'hrlfs *£,'»!. that thou fhouldeft fall, even thou, and
Judah with thee ?
mE^.V4'.rsam. 11 But Amaziah ** would not hear.
Therefore Jehoafh king of Ifrael. went
7

Before Chrift
826.
n Ver. 8. 2fam. z.
14. I Sam, 14. 12.

up ; and he and Amaziah king ofjudah
"looked one another in the face at ° Beth-
fhemefh, which belongeth to Judah.
12 And Judah p was put to the worfe jf;*8- »<*->«•«•
before Ifrael ; and they fled every man to p ^waf >f "»•
their tents.
13 And Jehoafh king of Ifrael ' took *j£ffii?£u-
Amaziah king of Judah, the fon of Jehoafh l'g;.ft''
the fon of Ahaziah, at Beth-fhemefh,
and came to Jerufalem, and brake down
the wall of Jerufalem r from the gate of 'g^.*.*.1*
Ephraim unto the corner gate, four hun- icVAsA0*'.
dred cubits.
14 And he took 3 all the gold and s \**Z'£\s*Jfc
filver, and all the veffels that were found **'*••'
in the houfe of the Lord, and in the
treafures of the king's houfe,- and hoft*-
ages, and returned to Samaria.
15 f ' Now the reft of the ads of "£$$£*
Jehoafh which he did, and his might, and 35-&>$-*>9>>£
how he fought with Amaziah king, of.
Judah, are they not written -in the book
of the chronicles of the kings of Ifrael ?
16 And Jehoafh flept with his fathers, $I^
and was buried in Samaria with the kings
of Ifrael : and" Jeroboam his fon reigned
in his ftead..
1 7 5T And Amaziah, the fon of Joafh
king of Judah, x lived after the death ¦ofxlJfhf0fy%^-> ff
Jehoafh,. fon of Jehoahaz king of Ifrael, ,
fifteen years.
1 8 And the V reft of the afts of Ama- 7 %£*6-'tr
ziah, are they not written. in the book.of
the chronicles of the kings of Judah ? sic,
io' Now *¦ thev made a confpiracy * \chr. »5. 14, »-,-
eh. \%, 1 ¦ ^ r 3c
againft him in Jerufalem: and he fled to i5-^4' *5' 3°"
a Lachifh; but they fent after, him to a joih. ,0. ,, 3,. ir.
Lachifh, and flew him there,
20 And they brought him on horfes ; -
and he b was buried, at Jerufalem. with his ^Iftt'f ""%"*¦

tl Ch. 13. 1;. Hof. u ¦
1. Amoi j. 1. •&.
7-9-

3-^14-3
, 24. Sc ¦

fathers in the city of David. £# *. &Vk
21 ^f And all the people of Judah took
c Azariah, which was- fixteen years old, "SS,'.ich\VzfT.
and made him king inftead of his father J'*"***,:
Amaziah. 22 He built d Elath, and reftored it^»'^»-h*-^K6in-
to-Tudah,. after that the king flept with/ i*;^;^
i- f , 01 Red Sea.
his fathers.

23 *([ In the fifteenth year of Amaziah,.,
the fQii of Joafli king of Judah,. Jeroboam,

$s<

Jeroboam II. recovers Ifraefs glory.

II. KINGS,

Azarialos reign and leprofy

Before Chrift
825.

the fon of Joafh king of Ifrael
reign in Samaria, and reigned forty and

began to

|| N<-.w,he began t ,
reign alone, tixv- .
ingreignediwewe one years
years with his ia- , . J
ther. 24
*?,:&!' *.'&!: in the fight of the Lord : he departed not
II. 26- 33- & 15- - <=> - - - - S <- - r

f Num. 34. 7, 8.
Ezek. 47. 16—18.
Deut. 3. 17. Gen.
14. 3. Sc 15. 18.
Exo'l. 23. 31.
Amos 6. 14. 1 Kin
. S. 65.

g Mat. u. 39, 40
Jon. 1. 1.

h Ch. j;. 4. Deut
31. 36. Exod

Judg. 10. 16. Hof.
11.8.

. t foon
Hof. 1. 6, 9. ch.
17. 18.

k See ver. 15, 16, i3.

And e he did that which was evil
1',. & 3. 3. 1 rW. in the
VbftffS'xtlt from all the fins of Jeroboam the fon of
Nebat, who made Ifrael to fin.
25 He reftored the coaft of Ifrael f from
the entering of Hamath unto the fea of
the plain, according to the word of the
Lord God of Ifrael, which he fpake by
the hand of his fervant s Jonah the fon of
Amittai, the prophet, who was of Gath-
hepher. 26 For the Lord h faw the affliction
31. jo- nxoa. 3. 7. ,
& io6.S44-46.' s' of Ifrael, that it was very bitter : for there
Turin- .r, *A T-I,\r — 1 £
was not any fhut up, nor any left, nor
any helper for Ifrael.
27 And the Lord faid not that he
"tSurfteJ-dM5; would s blot out the name of Ifrael from
under heaven : but he faved them by the
hand of Jeroboam the fon of Joafh. -
28 % Now k the reft of the afts of Jero
boam, and all that he did, and his might,
how he warred, and how he recovered
Damafcus, and Hamath which belonged to
Judah, for Ifrael, are they not written in
the book of the chronicles of the kings of
Ifrael ?
29 And Jeroboam flept with his fa
thers, even with the kings of Ifrael ;
and Zachariah his fon ' reigned in his
iiTcars:th,s'8' ftead. r -

ceeded by (3) Menahem, who, after ten years of
barbarous cruelty and Oppreffive exaclion, dies; 16 —
22. and is fueceeded by his fon (4.) Pekahiah, who,
after two years, is flain ; 23 — 26. and fucceeded by
( 5 ) Pekah, who reigns twenty years, and is flain j
and fucceeded by Hoflna ; 27 — 31.
IN the * twenty and feventh year of
Jeroboam king of Ifrael began Aza
riah* fon of Amaaiah king of Judah to

7?4-

1 After an interreg
num of 11, if not

773-

Before Chrift
Sio.

reign

began

G tt A P. XV.
'Concerning Judah, we have here (1) The partially
good reign and leprofy of Azariah fon of Amaziah ;
1 — j. ,(2) The good reign of Jotham (but under
both the high places ftill remain) ; 32 — 38. Con
cerning Ifrael, we have five kings, all but the worft
murdered, and fucceeded by their murderers. (1) Za
chariah, the fourth defendant of Jehu, after an in
terregnum of eleven years, reigns fix months, and is
flain; 8 — 12. and fucceeded by (2) Shallum, who
reigns one' month, and is flain; 13 — 15. and fiuc-

1 a Sixteen years old was he when he
reign, and he reigned two and
fifty years in Jerufalem. And his mother's
name was Jecholiah of Jerufalem.
3 And he did that which was right in
the fight of the Lord, according to all
that his father Amaziah had done ;
4 Save that the b high places were not
removed : the people iacriflced and burnt
incenfe ftill on the high places.
5 <f And the Lord c fmote the king,
fo that he was a leper unto the day of his
death, and dwelt in a feveral houfe. And
Jotham the king's fon was over the houfe,
judging the people of the- land.
6 And the d reft of the act. s of Azariah,
and all that he did, are they not written
in the book of the chronicles of the kings
of Judah ?
7 So Azariah flept with his fathers ;
and they buried him with his fathers in
the city of David : and Jotham his fon
reigned in his ftead.
8 % In the c thirty and eighth year of
Azariah king of Judah did Zachariah the
fon of JeYoboam reign over Ifrael in Sa
maria fix months.
9 And he 'did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord, as his fathers had
done : he departed not from the fins of
Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, who made
Ifrael to fin.
10 And Shallum the fon of Jabefh con
fpired againft him, and s fmote him

•Perhaps the twen.
ty-levcntliyearoiJeroboam's part.
nerlhip in the
kingdom with his
father, who mftd»
him contort at his
going to the Sv.
rian wars. But
the irjth year of
Jcrohoam's mo
narchy.
a 2 Chr. 26. I, 3, 4.
ch. 14.11,1,4.4
12.2,3.11.56,9,IS,

hi Kin; 15.14. Scz*.
43- ch. 12. 3. &
14. 4. ver. 3J.

c 2Chr. 26. 16—21.
Job 34.' 19. Lev.
13.40. Num. 12. 10.

763.

rliKin.il. 41,43.4
14. 29, 31. & it.
7, 8, 23, 24. Sc 21,
45, 50. ch. 8. 13,
»4-

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — It is an eafy thing to be a
formalift in religion — but God tries the heart. How fhort-lived is
the profperity of traitors and murderers ! Vain minds are proud of
little, and are obftinate againft good advice. But others will be found
proud enough to mortify them, and ftrong enough to render them
miferable. It is madnefs for the people of God to weaken them
felves before their common enemy by their mutual contentions.
I'hey who are leaft fond of, war have ordinarily the beft fuccefs in

758.

e There having teen
an interregnum of
eleven years. Ch.
14. 29. 773* '

fCh.jo. 3I.&IJ.1.
n.&14.24. &J.
3. 1 Kin. 12. 26—
33. & 15. 26,34. &
16. 26.

77s.
g As prophefied.
Amos 7. 9. Hof. J.
4. 1 Kin. 16. 9-
2 Chr. 21.20. ver.
J4i H, 3°-

it : and they who govern ill raife difcontents among their fubje&s,
that iffue in their ruin. But, whatever refuge finners flee to, it
will be found incapable to protect them. God will take care that
his providence fhall exactly correfpond with his purp'ofe and word.
Often indeed wicked' perfons, families, or nations, are allowed a
tranfient blaze of profperity juft before their final fall into lafting
mifery and ruin : but death and hell fliall quickly overtake the
moft prdfperous tranfgrelTors.

Shallum. and Menahem" s reign.

CHAP. XV.

Affyrians invade the land of Ifrael

Before Chrifl
772.

before the people, and flew him, and
reigned in his ftead.
And' the reft of the afts of Zacha- the of

111

kings

h th. 10. 30. Tit. I.
2. 2 Tim. 2. 13

f Heb, a tswnth ef
days.
s 1 Kin. 16. 15. Pf.
55.23. Prov. 28. z.
It 1 Kin. 14. 17. Sc
iW * l6" and fmote
1 I Kin. 16. 24, 28,
29. ch. 13, 1,9,10.
tree. 8, 13.

II
riah, behold, they are written
book of the chronicles of the
Ifrael. 12 This was h the word of the Lord
If^ctsf 7; which he fpake unto Jehu, faying, Thy
* fons fhall fit on the throne of Ifrael unto
the fourth generation. And fo it came to
pafs. 13 '% Shallum the fon of Jabefh began
to reigri in the nine and thirtieth vear of
Uzziah king of Judah ; and he reigned
+ ' a full month in Samaria. ,
14. For Menahem the fon of Gadi went
up from k Tirzah, and came to ' Samaria,
Shallum the fon of Jabefh in
Saniaria, and flew him, and reigned in
his ftead.
1 5 And the reft of the afts of Shallum,
arid his confpiracy which he made, be
hold, they are written in the book of the
chronicles of the kings of Ifrael.
16 ^F Then Menahem fmote Tiphfah,
and all that were therein, and the coafts
thereof from Tirzah : becaufe they
m opened not to him, therefore he fmote
it: and all the women therein that were
with child he n ripped up.
1 7 % In the nine and thirtieth year of
Azariah king of Judah began Menahem
the fon of Gadi to reign over Ifrael, and
reigned ten years in Samaria.
18 And ° he did that which was evil
in the fight of the Lord : he departed
not all his days from the fins of Jero
boam the fon of Nebat, who made Ifrael
to fin.19 %And* Pul the king of Affyria came
againft the land : and Menahem gave Pul
* a thoufand talents of filver, that his
hand might be with him to 1 confirm
the kingdom in his hand.
20 And Menahem U exafted the money
of Ifrael, even of all the mighty men of
wealth, of each man * fifty fhekels of
filver, to give to the king of Affyria. So
the king of Affyria • turned back, and
ftayed not there in the land.

m Judg. 8. s— 17.

0 Ch. 8. 12. Amos I.
11. Hof, 13. 16.

772.

« 1 Kin. 12. 26—33.
*I3.3;.&I5.26.&16. 2,9. ch. 3.3.
ver. 9, 28,

769.
¦p iChr. 5.26. Deut.
1.-1.25—52.11.9.1.

i About 342,185 1.
15 s. ftcrling.
e Ver. 14. ch. 14. 5,
Jer. 17. 5.

II Heb. caufed tt cetne
firth.

> J 1.4s.

15.31. Sc 16. 5,6,
20, .7, 28 Sc .2.
39, 40. ch. I. 18.
ic 10 34, 35. ver.
11. 15.20, 31.

reigned

in

761.

to. 5.
15.25. & 16. y. Sc
21.51. Prov. 28.2,

u 1 Kin. 15. 27. &
16. 9. ch. 9. 14.
ver. 10, 30.

7S9«

Vol. I.

21 f r And the reft ofthe afts of Me- Bc%hrift
nahem, and all that he did, are they not r.Kin. r4. 19,20.*
written in the book of the chronicles of
the kings of Ifrael ?
22 And "Menahem flept .with his fa
thers ; and Pekahiah his lbn
his ftead.
23 ^[ In the fiftieth year of Azariah
king ofjudah Pekahiah the fon. of Mena
hem began to reign over Ifrael in Samaria,
and reigned s two years.
24 And he did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord : he departed not
from the fins of Jeroboam the fon of
Nebat, who made Ifrael to fin.
25 But l Pekah the fon of Remaliah, tUf-*c}"->*-6-
a captain of his, u confpired againft him,
and fmote hi'm in Samaria, in the palace
of the king's houfe, with Argob and
Arieh, and with him fifty men "of the
Gileadites : and he killed him, and
reigned in his room.
26 x And the reft of the afts of Peka- xS«"«-»-
hiah, and all that he did, behold, they are
written in the book of the chronicles of
the kings of Ifrael.
27 5[ In the two and fiftieth year of
Azariah king ofjudah Pekah the fon of
Remaliah began to reign over Ifrael in
Samaria, and reigned twenty years.
28 ^And he did that which was evil in r ftK,^,jf&^lg
the fight of the Lord : he departed not v^Xi'.3'1"
from the fins of Jeroboam the fon of
Nebat, who made Ifrael to fin.
29 % In the days of Pekah king of Ifrael
1 came Tiglath-pilefer king of Affyria,
and took Ijon, and Abel-beth-maachah,
and Janoah, and Kedefh, and Hazor, and
Gilead, and Galilee, all the land of Naph
tali, and carried them captive to Affyria.
30 % And Hofhea the fon of Elah
made a "confpiracy againft Pekah the aSeev"'w'
fon of Remaliah, and fmote him, and
flew him, and reigned in his ftead,. b f
the twentieth year of Jotham the fon of
Uzziah. 31 And the reft ofthe afts of Pekah,
and all that he did, behold, they are
written in the book of the chronicles\of

740.
z 2 Chr. 28. 16, 20.
J Chr. 5. 26. with
I Kin. 15.20. Lev.
xxvi. Deut.xxviii.
if. i— iy, vii— lx.

739-

• h After an anarchy
¦IH of nine years.
Ch. 17. 1. Hof. 10.
3) 7. IS-
t In the fourth year
of Ahaz, in thc
twentieth year
after Jotham had
begun ts reign.

the kings of Ifrael.

4C

Jotham 's good reign and death.

II. KING S. Ahaz reigns mofi wickedly over Judah:.

Before Chrift
75«.

c 2 Chr. 27.1,!!. Mat.
I. 9. I Chr. 3. 12,

32 ^T In the fecond year of Pekah the
fon of Remaliah kins: of Ifrael began
c Jotham the fon of Uzziah king ofjudah
to reign.
' 22 Five and twenty years old was he
when he began to reign, and he reigned
fixteen years in Jerufalem. And his
mother's name was Jerufha, the daughter
of Zadok.
34 * And he did that which was right
ght of the Lord : he did accord
ing to all that his father Uzziah had done.
25 % c Howbeit, the high places were
the people facrificed and
ftill in the high places.
He built the higher gate of the houfe of
the Lord. f Now the reft of the afts of

i Ver. 3,4. 2 Chr.
24.17. Sc 25. 14. Sc
oo\i6.&27.2,6. in the f ht of the L()RD

^ttklnfif not removed
&$.%.?: ' burned incenfe

^Ver.6,7, iKin.TI. 2 6 ^F
£:£'?•£;%!?. Jotham, and all that he did, are they
not written in the book of the chronicles
At the end of Jo.
tham's reign.
g If. 7. 1. & 9. 21.
Hof. 5. 12, 14.
Am094.13-.2Chr.
28. 6. ch. 16. 5.

of the kings of Judah r
37 In thofe days the sLord began to
fend againft Judah Rezin the king of
742^ Syria, and Pekah the fon of Remaliah.
38 And Jotham flept with his fathers,
and was buried with his fathers in the
city of David his father: and Ahaz his
fon reigned in his ftead.
CHAP. XVI.
Relates the fhameful hiftory of Ahaz king of Judah.
(l) He abandons himfelf to the moft horrid and bafe
idolatry; I — 4. (2) Diftreffed by an invafion of
¦the Syrians and Ifraelites, he,. with his own andthe
treafures of God's temple, hires the Affyrians to in
vade their country; 5—9. (3) He caufes Urijah
the high prieft to form a new altar for the temple,
after the pattern ofthe idolatrous one at Damafcus;
10—16. (4) He abufes and mifplaces the furni
ture ofthe temple; 17, 18. (5) He dies to make
way for good Hezekiah ; 20, 21.
IN the feventeenth year of Pekah the
fon of Remaliah Ahaz the fon of
Jotham king of Judah began to reign.

1 a Twenty years old was Ahaz when
he began to reign, and reigned fixteen
years in Jerufalem, and did not that which
was right inthe fight 'of the Lord his
God, like David his father.
, 3 But he walked in the' way of the
kings of Ifrael, yea, and made his fon
to pafs through the fire, according to the
abominations of the heathen whom the
Lord caft out from before the children
of Ifrael.
4 And he facrificed and burnt incenfe
in the high places, and On the hills, > and
under every green tree.
5 % b Then Rezin king of Syria, and
Pekah fon of Remaliah king of Ifrael,
came up to Jerufalem to war : and they
befieged Ahaz, but could not overcome
him. 6 At that time Rezin king of Syria
recovered c Elath to Syria, and drave the
Jews from Elath. And the Syrians
came to Elath, and dwelt there unto
this day.
7 5[ So Ahaz fent meffengers to d Tig- I am.
and

Before Chrift
Z Oil . 2U. i—j.
lKjn.lI.4_g, g,
IS- 3- Sc 12. 28-
33- Sc 13.33. Sc 16.
**— !!¦ Lev. 18.
21. Deut .in
PI- 100. ;;. ^

blf. 7. I— 9. 2 Chr.
28. 5—15. ch. 15.
37- If- 3- ii- & 7.
14- Sc 9. 5, 7.
I Kin. ji. jo.

c Ch. 14. 22. Dent.
2. 8. 1 Kin. 9. 26.
2 Chr. 26. 2.

lath-pilefer king of Affyria, faying,
thy fervant and thy fon : come up,
fave me out of the hand of the king of
Syria, and out of the hand of the king
of Ifrael, which rife up againft me..
8 And e Ahaz took the filver and gold
that was found in the houfe of the
Lord, and in the treafures ofthe king's.
houfe, and fent it for a prefent to the king
of Affyria.
9 And the king of Affyria hearkened
unto him : for the king of Affyria £ went
up againft Damafcus, and took it, and
carried the people cf it captive to s Kir,
and flew Rezin.
1 o ^[ And king Ahaz went to Damafcus

d Ch. 15. 29. 1 Chr.
5. 26. 2 Chr. 28,
16,20.11.7.17,18.Jer. 17. 5.

e 1 Kin. 15.. 18— 20.
ch. 12. 17, 18.
2 Chr. 28. 21.

74C

f2Chr, 28. 5. Mat.
7. 2. Judg. 1. 7.
K. 7. 15, 16.

g If. 22. 7. Amos 9.
5. i. e. Media. .

Reflections upon Chap. XV. — Formality in religion, and
imperfections in reformation, continue often from generation to
generation : and even the beft of periods are marked with fome.
token qf the Lord's difpleafure. He abafes them that walk in
pride ; and by one ftroke of difeafe can make the mightieft mo
narchs loathfome to others, and a burden to themfelves ; and, after
all their glory, bring them with fhame to the grave.. For the
tranfgrelKon of a land, how many are the princes thereof! "But
few traitors and murderers die in their beds. Wicked men are
generally fond of power ; and inthe. worft of times wilfpufljthem-

felvtjs into it by perjury and murder, and ta the perpetual hazard of
their own life; And often the moft cruel are .the moft cowardly.-
But what a mercy is it to enjoy rdigion, liberty, peace, and fafety,
under a miW government! By bivil wans,, fey murders of princes,
and by oceafional ravages, God hurries wicked nations into laft
ing ruin. And often they, .who were moft forward in fecuring
their fettlements, fhare with thp firft in defolating judgments.
And no lefe frequently godly magiftrates and minifters are taken
away fretn tfae evil to come, juft when die ftorm is gathering
againft hypocritic4,pr.qfQ.fX<ji}s. ,

Forms an altar for himfelf, &c. C HA P. XVI
Beforechrm h to meet Tiglath-pilefer king of Affyria,
i' 2 chr. 2». 2c. jer". and ' faw an altar that was at Damafcus :
,"'5' , in, and kino- Ahaz fent to Urijah the prieft
i Gen. J, 6. Jsfh. 7. - O J i
2,.£cc,.2.i4.& tne fafhjon of the altar, and* the pattern
of it, according to all the workmanfhip
thereof.
k »,,: ?:?*&' J: £. ri And k Urijah the prieft built an
*Tim.Yic,G*,: altar accar(3ing to an that king Ahaz had
fent from Damafcus : fo Urijah the prieft
made it ascainft king Ahaz came from
Damafcus. 1 2 And, when the king was come from
ui?Ii5?i5rim.1: Damafcus, ' the king faw the altar ; and
,5- the king approached to the altar, and
offered thereon.
1 3 And m he burned his burnt-offering
and his meat-offering, and poured his
drink-offering, and fprinkled the blood of
'* his peace-offerings, upon the altar.
1 4 And he brought alfo " the brazen

XVII. Ahaz dies: Affyrians invade Ifrael.

us Lev. i — iii.

* Heb. which were
An.
n z Chr. ,i. J. Exod
40. a, 29.

altar, which was before the Lord, from
the fore front of the houfe, from between
the altar and the houfe ofthe Lord, and
rivhieh urijah had put it on the north fide of the + altar.
1 5 And king Ahaz commanded Urijah

* S^S 4o. tne prieft, faying, Upon the ° great altar
E2ck. «. s. vs. jjUrn ^ morning burnt-offering, and the
evening meat-offering, and his meat-offering,

and the king's
burnt-facrifice,
with the burnt-offering of all the people
of the land, and their meat-offering, and
their drink-offerings ; and fprinkle upon
it all the blood ofthe burnt-offering, and
all the blood of the facrifice : and the
"AwanVofd4,"' brazen altar fhall be for me to p inquire

q A6IS5.29. &4. iq,
1 Thef. 2. a. Gal,
j. 10. Jude 11.

j I Kin. 7.^3, 25, 27
2&

1 6 Thus did Urijah the prieft q ac
cording to all that king Ahaz com
manded. ' cut off the
removed the

17 ^f And king Ahaz
borders of the bafes, and
fever from off them ; and took down the
fea from off the brazen oxen that were

-r-. f~

Reflectionsupon Chap. XVI. — What monfters of chil
dren have fome of the beft of faints! Grace muft be infufed by
God, not conveyed by pnrants. Who can know the defperate
Wickedpej& of the human heart, if left to itfelf! It can extingurfh
natural affections, and turn men into monfters : it can make them
rufh headlong into the very fins- which ruined their neighbours
before their eyes. In the day of diftrefs, finners are bent upon
turning themfelves every way for relief, but from God alone can

under it, and put it upon a pavement of
ftones.

Before Chrift
726.

18 Andthe t covert for the fabbath *»earo$e family attended at
public worfhip in
the court of thc
temple.

that they had built in the houfe, and the
king's entry without, turned he from
the houfe of the Lord for the king of
Affyria. 19 f sNow the reft of the afts of'|£&;|£
Ahaz which he did, are they not written 3'.&4-V z
in the book ofthe chronicles of the kings
of Judah ?
20 And Ahaz flept with his fathers,
and was buried with his fathers in the
city of David : and Hezekiah his fon ,
reigned in his ftead.
CHAP. XVII.
Finijhes the hiftory of the Ifraelites in their Affyrian
captivity, from ivhich feiu have ever been brought
back. Here is ( 1 ) A flnort narrative of repeated
invafions of their country by the Affyrians; and of
their final ruin and difperfion, occafioned by the trear-
cherous revolt of Hofhea, their laft and beft king.;
1 — 6. (2) A general view of the caufes of it;
particularly their and Judah' s ingratitude, wilful
difobedience, and obftinacy in idolatry ; 7 — 23. This
is inferted for the jitfiification of God in their ruin,
and for the warning of others. (3) An account of
the nations which the king of Affyria placed in their
land; and of the mongrel religion occafioned by the
Lord's killing them by lions, for continuing in their
former idolatries ; 24 — 41.

I

N the twelfth year of Ahaz king of 73°-
Judah began a Hofhea the fon ofa

numofnineyears. Ch. 15. 30. Sc 18.
9. Hof. 10. 5,7115.
Sc 8. 4. Sc 13. io,

Elah to reign in Samaria over Ifrael nine
years. 2 And he did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord, b but not as the b^:!i\
kings of Ifrael that were before him
3 *f|" Againft him came up Shalmanefer
c king of Affyria
fervant? and ' gave him r prefents.
4 And the king of Affyria found d con
fpiracv in Hofhea : for he had fent mef- f0""hu"- ...
r n r t-> , d Ch. 24. 20. -Ezek.
lengers to So king of Egypt, and brought £ l^-ff-

z. with 10.
2, II. &
15. 9, iii, 24.

and Hofhea became his c?6:7\%^.t 19. 36, Hoi. 5. 1 ^ .
& IJ. I.
Heb. rendered*

no prefent to the king of Affyria,

as he

the.y have it. They will ftick at nothing flavifh, dilhoneft, or
fhameful, to obtain that from men which they might have from
him in the moft honourable manner. Yea, they will choofe thofe
very idols for faviourF, whofe infufficiency to fave has been mani
fefted as with a fun-beam. What a plague tn princes are thofe
minifters who flatter them in their impiety,, and readily comply
therewith! And the moft abandoned profligates are often vuv
fond of that devotion which themfelves have-devifed.
4 C >-.

II. KINGS.

Ifrael is carried captive.
had done year by year: therefore the king
u7p7. of Affyria fhut him up, and 'bound him
in prifon.
5 % Then f the king of Affyria came
up throughout all the land, and went up
to Samaria, and befieged it three years.
6 s In the ninth year of Hofhea the
king of Affyria took Samaria, and car-
'""z7%i.98c ried Ifrael away into Affyria, and placed
If s*^? '""'I2' them Id Halah and in Habor by the river
hch. i6.9. Gen. 10. of Gozan, and in the cities of the h Medes.
s^t?'6'' ¦"":*'" 7 Foryo it was, ' that the children of
iDent.32 .15-21. Ifrael had finned againft the Lord their
&8'i9.Lev4'25: God, who k had brought them up out of
2.6— 28. Judg. 2 — ' O 1
?& ch.1"-," the land of Egypt, from under the hand
of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and had feared
other gods,
8 And ' walked in the ftatutes of the
whom the Lord caft out from
before the children of Ifrael, and of the
kings of Ifrael, which they had made.
9 And the children of Ifrael did m fe-
cretly thofe things that were not right
againft the Lord their God, and they
built them high places in all their cities,
" from the tower of the watchmen to the
Ch.i8.8.Jer.l,2. .- ,
uZek.7-2j&9. fenced city.
Exod.34.1j.Le1r. 10 And they ° fet them up images
judg.2.iI;-i79& and groves on every high hill, and under
111 — xix.Deut. 29. O J O '
l^n,*t.4;7 every green tree : ' '- .
1 1 And. there they burnt'incenfe in all
the high places, as did the heathen whom
the Lord carried away before them ; and
wrought wicked things to provoke the

Ifraefs wickednefsi

Before Chrift
720.

149.8.
fCh. 18. 9. Lev.26.
1J7> 25, 31- Went.
4. 26. Sc 8. 19. Se
28. 49-57- If 7-
18— 20. 8c 8.7. &
JO. 5, 6. Sc 17. 3 —
5. Mic. 1. 5—7.
Amos ii — ix. with
Exod. 34. 24.
£ Ch. 18. 10, n.
J Chr. 5. 26. Lev.
26. 32. Hoi. 1. 6, 9.
Deut. 28. 25.

Hof. i — xiii. Amos
ii — ix. Mic. i— iii.
k Exod. i— xiv.

1 Lev. 18. 3, 26, 30.
&20.21. ch.16. 3.
3 Kin. 12.28—33. -
Me6','.*.30-5'' heathen

in Ezek. 8.12. iPet.
1. 16. Rev. 17. 4.

a 1. e. through the
whole ceuntry
Ch.i8.8.Jer.

& 5. 5,26. Mic. I,
5 — 7' 1 Kin. xi—
jotii. ch. i— xv.

p Deut. $. 7, 8. & 4.
19. & 12. 2—4. fee
Exod. 20.

Lord to anger :

sczs.ifliffh Lord had faid unto them
—16- Lew. 26. t
J»!f- 14. 14, 20.
sSam. 12. 21.

1 2 For they ferved idols, p whereof the
Ye fhall not
do this thing.
13 Yet the Lord teftified againft Ifrael,
and againft Judah, ^ q by all the pro
phets, and by all the feers-, faying, Turn
ye from your evil ways, and keep my
commandments and my ftatutes, accord-
_ ing to all the law which I commanded your
li-hTimi fathers, and which I lent to you by my
fervants the prophets.' ,
'fr&yi.^s-*,': x4 Notwithftanding, they would not
$.?«n%,964: near> but 'hardened their necks, like to
*^if*ic!f?' tne neck of their fathers, that did not
vi.zz\iz.scic6. believe in the Lord their God.

t Heb. by the hand §f
q Jer. t8. it. & 15.
5. & 16. 4, 5. &
44 4. & 35. 15.
Hof. 14. 1. Ezek.
18. zi. 1 Sam. ii.
iii. vi», xii. Jofh.
23. 7. 1 Kin. 11. 9
—ll, 31— 38. Sc
Ti- 1, 2. & 14.7 —
*•;¦ Sc 16. 1—4.
xvii, j >i. Hof. I
y\v. Mic',
Amosi— iii. If. i— xxxii

15 And, they reje&ed his ftatutes, and
his covenant that he made with their
fathers, and his teftimonies which he
5 teftified againft them ; and ' they- fol
lowed vanity, and became vain, and went.
after the heathen that were round about
them, concerning whom the Lord had
charged them that they fhould not do
like them.
16 And they left all the command
ments of the Lord their God, and "made
them molten images, even two calves,
and made a grove, and worfhipped all the
hoft of heaven, and ferved Baal.
17 And they caufed their fons and
their daughters to pafs through the fire,
and ufed x divination and enchantments,
and y fold themfelves to do evil in the
fight of the Lord, to provoke him to
anger. ' 1 8 Therefore the Lord was very angry
with Ifrael, and removed them z put of
his fight : there was none left but a the
tribe of Judah only.
1 9 Alfo b Judah kept, not the com
mandments of the Lord their God, but
walked in the ftatutes of Ifrael which
they made.
20 And the Lord rejedled all the feed
of Ifrael, • and afflirfted them, and deli
vered them into the hand of c fpoilers,
until he had caft them out of his fight.
2 1 For he d rent Ifrael from the houfe
of David ; and they made Jeroboam the
fon of Nebat king ; and Jeroboam drave
Ifrael from following the Lord, and made
them fin a great fin.
22 For the children of 'Ifrael walked
in all the fins of Jeroboam which he did ;
they departed not from them ;
23 Until the Lord removed Ifrael out
of hts fight, as he had faid by f all his
fervants the prophets. So was Ifrael car
ried away out of their own land to Affyria
unto this day.
24 <f[ And the king of Affyria brought
men z from Babylon, and from Cuthah,
and from Ava, and from Hamath, and
from Sepharvaim, and placed them in the
cities of Samaria inftead h of the children

Before Chrift
7*1.

J Neh. 9. 26, 29. Jar,
44.- 4- »Cht. 3(1.
JS-
1 1 Kin. 16. 13. Rom,
I. zi. Jon. 2. 8.
Jer. 2. 13. ver. 7,
10, 12.

ulxod.32.8, 1 Kin.
I2.28.&I4 ,5
zi.8cts.tt.Sct6. 31—33- Deut. 4.
19- ch. «. 18. Jer.
8.1.

x If. 8. 19. Sc z.S.
Mic. 5. 12.
y J Kin. 21. 20, 2J.
If. JO. J.

z DeHt. 32. 21—26.
'Sc 29. 20—28. ,V •
11. 12. & 4. 25—
27. & 8. 19, 20. 8c
28. 25, 36, 41, 48.
— 68. Lev. 26. 17c
25, 28—39. J San&
12. 25. 1 Kin. 9. r»
—9-19.3.
a Hof. 11. 12. 1 Kiii.
11.13,36.
b Jer. 3. 8. Hof. 4.
15. Ezeic. xvi.v
xxiii. xxii. xxiv.
yjii, xv. xiv. If. i
— iii. v. ix xxiv.
Ivi. lix. Jer. ii —
xvii. Zeph. i — iii.
ch. viii. xvi. xxi.
XXIV.
c Ch. ij.3,7.& 15.
19, 20, 29. & 18.9.
2 Chr. 28. 5. & 33.
11. Deut. 32. 30.
diKin.n.n,3i.-ifc 12. 19, 20. Hof. 8.
4. Sc 13. 10, 11.
I Sam. viii..

25. 1 Kin. 9. r»
1. & 14.15 Hof.

e Hof. J. it. Mic. 6.
16. 1 Kin. 15. 26,
34. Sc 16, 7, 13,19,
25,26,3c— 33. ch.
|.-i. & 10. 29, 31.
Sc 13. 2,11. & 14,
24. Sc 15. 9, 18, 24>

i I Kin. it. 2. &14,
15, 16. Sc 9 6 — 9.
ch.8. 12. Hof. 1.4
--o. Amos 5. 27.
Mic. 1. 6, ver. 5, Oj
-13, 18.

714.
g Eira 4. 2, 9, re
vet. 30, 31. ch. 18.

ver. 30, 3J
34. & I?.

12,13.

h Gen. 47.21-. ver. (,
Mat. 10. j.

Before Chrift
678,

i If. 29. 1
8. Eph.

Mat. 15.

... I Kin.i3.24.&20.
30. ch. 2. 24. Jer.
15. 3. & 16, 4. If.
«S-9-

ljudg 17.13. I Kin
12. 31. 2Chr. it
13. Rom. 16 18.

Mongrel religion of Samaritans.
of Ifrael ; and they poffeffed Samaria, and
dwelt in the cities thereof.
25 And fo it was, at the beginning of
their dwelling there, that ' they feared not
the Lord ; therefore the Lord fent k lions
among them, which new fome of them.
26 Wherefore they fpake to the king
of Affyria, faying, The nations Which
thou haft removed, and placed in the
cities of Samaria, know not the manner
ofthe God ofthe land: therefore he hath
fent lions among them and, behold, they
flay them, becaufe they know not the
manner of the God of the land.
27 Then the king of Affyria com
manded, faying, Carry thither one of the
1 priefts whom ye ' brought from thence,
and let them go and dwell there, and let
him teach them the manner of the God
of the land.
28 Then one ofthe priefts, whom they
had carried away from Samaria, came and
4- dwelt in m Beth-el, and taught them how
they fhould fear the Lord.
29 Howbeit, every nation "made gods
S^Mic^ of their own, and put them in the houfes
of the high places which the ° Samaritans
had made, every nation in their cities
wherein they dwelt.
30 p And the men of Babylon made
Suecoth-benoth, and the men of Cuth
made Nergal, and the men of Hamath
made Afhima,
31 And the Avites made Nibhaz and
Tartak, and the Sepharvites burnt their
children in fire to Adrammelech and
Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim.
32 So they ^ feared the Lord, and
made unto themfelves of the r loweft of
them priefts of the high places, who

CHAP. XVII.

m 1 Kin. T2. 29, 32,
Amos 7. 13.
t.&c. 5-Gen, 12.
. Jolh. 8. 9.
n Ver. 30, ji. Rom.
1. 23. 1 Co
If. 44. 9—20,
115. 4" "
5-
o Mat. 10. 5. Luke
9. 52. John 4. 9.

p See ver 24. ch.
J8-34-

H Zcpll. 1. 5. If. 29,
•3-
r I Kin. 12. 31. Sc ¦
•}¦ 33-

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — God tries men with leffer
judgments before he ftrikes the final blow. But fuch as continue
felling themfelves to the fervice of fin will at laft fhare its wages
in ruin. How fovereignly God times his tremendous judgments ! —
In the days of a king better than his fellows, and even by his
treachery to a tyrant, the nation is plunged into mifery and ruin.
What an exuSt account ,Gcd keeps of men's fin, and every ag
gravation of it! He marks againft what mercies, warnings, and
judgments, it has been committed; and in what different forms;
and what influence it ,has had in the feduftion of others. And
certain, however flow, is the deftruflion of apofrates from God-.;
and even atdifhnt periods God is preparing for it — Great is the

IfraeW and. Samaritans' fins.
the houfes of the

Before Chrift
678.

facrificed for them in
high places.
33 They feared the Lord, and ferved
their own gods, after the manner of the
nations + whom they carried away from tor »*.«««<,*„,
away from thence.

thence. 34 Unto

this
former manners :
neither do they

day they do after s the s Dem- *!• «¦»• «»•
J J 8, 12, 16, 17. ver.
they fear not the Lord, 4'-
after their ftatutes, or
after their ordinances, or after the law
and commandment which the Lord com
manded the children • of Jacob, ' whom t Gen. 32.28. & 3$,
he named Ifrael ;
35 them, faying,
gods, nor bow

10. 1 Km. 18. 31.

With whom the Lord had u made ucen.i7.!,7.Exod. 19. 5, 6. Sc

a covenant, and
Ye fhall not fear

charged

t

other

4,23.&21.32,34. 12— sb.Jisdg.
t. jo. iee-ver. 12,

yourfelves to them, nor ferve them, nor.
facrifice to them :
26 But the Lord,

up out of the land of Egypt with great

xwho brought you xiKiri.s.g.Exo*.
— J 6. 6. Deut. 5. 15.
OTPpf" Jef. V- t-s- Exod.
t> vii— xiv. Neh. 9..
power and a ftretched-out arm, him fhall "*'"¦
ye ? fear, and him fhall ve worfhip, and 5r?2euLevV9%"-
to him fhall ye do facrifice. e^o. 3,4,23.
37 z And the ftatutes, and the ordi- z E*od. xx_x*;v.
nances, and the law, and the command
ment, which he wrote for you, ye fhall
obferve to do for evermore; and aye fhall
not fear other gods.
38 And the covenant that I have made
with you ye fhall not forget ; neither fhall
ye fear other gods.
39 But the Lord your God ye fhall
fear; and he fhall deliver you out of the
hand of all your enemies.. »
40 Howbeit, b they did; not hearken, bver. 14. iChrjci,
but they did after their former manner.
41 So thefe nations c feared the Lord, cTer5.Yo'^2^
and ferved their graven images, both their R"'i''5'
children, and their children's children: as
did their fathers, fo do they unto this day. 450.

Lev. 1 — xxvii.
Num. iv — vi. viii,
ix»-xv. xviii. xix.
xxviii — xxx.
xxxv. Deut. iv—
xxvii.
See ver. iz. Lev, .
xxvi. Deut. iv.
v — xvii. xxv! —
xxix. 1 Kin. 9.
4—9. 2 Chr. xivw
XV.

irritability of earthly fettlements : and who knows whither the Lord
may tofs us in life? Yet men carry their fins clofely with them, go
where they will. And eafily, ota God punifh thofe who pollute
what belongs to him with their wickednefs. Lions, and all other
creatures, are at his call. Satan and men's lufts often-quit a part^
that they may not be obliged to give up their whole power and
honour. But no external inftruclions, warnings, mercies^ or
judgments, will reform finners. from the falfe or medley religions
which themfelves have invented. While the religion of Jefus
fcarcely continues pure for an age, the religion of the devil cart
flourifh with moft for many ages together.

Hezekiah 'reigns -well, and frofpers.
Before Chrift „ _

II. KIN G S.

Affyrians invade Judea.

Before Chrift
7Z6.

CHAP. XVIII.
Though Ifrael be fcattered among the nations, God has
not cajl off the feed of Abraham : Judah yet fuleth
¦.with God. Here we have (i) Pious Hezekiah
.reforming his kingdom; I — 6. (2) Profpering. in
his attempts againft its enemies -at the very time
when the Ifraelites were led captive for their fins;
n — 12, (3) Soon after invaded by Sennacherib,
king of Affyria, whofe yoke he had caft off; his coun
try reduced, and laid under contribution, to pay off
which the temple is impoverijhed; 13 — 16. (4-) Con
trary to treaty, the Affyrians continue ravaging the
nation, and prepare to befiege Jerufalem ; and Rab-
fhdkeh, in a moft virulent fpeech, reviles Hezekiah,
hlafphemes God, andfolicits the inhabitants to revolt,
-to the great grief of Hezekiah' s meffengers, who had
been fent to treat with him; 17-^-37.
"pVTGW it came to pafs, in the third
Jj\ year of Hofhea fon of Elah king of
3 ^I'ciir'Ji*. Ifrael, that a Hezekiah the fon of Ahaz
king of Judah began to reign.
2 Twenty and five years old was he
when he began to reign ; and he reigned
twenty and nine years in Jerufalem. His
mother's name alfouw Abi, the daughter
of Zachariah.
3 And he did that which was right in
•" ' ;.s-i,;,&the fight of the Lord, b according to all

29.
Mat. 1. 9.

. 4}. ch. 20. 3.
2Chr. xvii. xix.

that David his father did.

c peaw. s-^in. ^ ^j" ne c rem0ved the high places, and
*~w" brake the ''' images, and cut down the
iN^.d'jer. groves, and brake in pieces the d brazen
"• s' ferpent that Mofes had made : for unto
thofe days the children of Ifrael did
t Burs-work. , burn incenfe' to it: and he called it 'f'Ne-
hufhtan.

e Ch. 19. ic. Joh 13
ic. Pf. 13. 5. If.

5 He e trufted in the Lord God of
I6.4.J1.VI2.& ifra-g} . f0 fa^ after ym was f none like
b. 19. 15. sc 20. 3. him among all the kings ofjudah, nor

;*«.«* *« mf. tnat were before hina-
,,20. Jofh, 23.8.

6 For he g clave to the Lord, and
departed not * from following him, but
a.,,r kept his commandments, which the Lord
commanded Mofes.

Acts ii' zi-Scza.
1(1. Lulre 1. 6.
a Cor. 1. 12.
I Thef 2. I\

Istocti ct.isa.. *J.ujn.
^fk&Cli. 7 And the I^qrd was hwith him; and
&'m°i'j7 Keb. he profpered whit-herfoever he went forth :
vg!*£ -v.*** an4 tie ' abetted againft the king of Af-
.^n^wvi- fyria, and ferved him not.
kir. 14.29.2chr. ^ ^e k fmote the Philiftines, even unto
^Gaza, and the borders thereof, 'from
the tower ot the watchmen to the fenced

JiCb. 17.. 9. V.zir.cs.
Q. i. c. brth v:l- ->'iTr
lage^ and cjlics. Cliy. 0 % And m it came to pafs, in the fourth
3

jnCh. 17. 3. 2PeL
2.9.

Before Chrjlt
7*3-

t. Hof. ij,
Amos 3. iz;&

year of king Hezekiah, which was the
feventh year of Hofhea fon of Elah king
of Ifrael, that Shalmanefer king of Af
fyria came up againft Samaria, and be
fieged it.
10 And at the * end of three years they n'%%£
took it : even in the fixth year of Heze- Mi^t^.6'7,
kiah, that is the ninth year of Hofhea
king of Ifrael, Samaria was taken.
1 1 And the king of Affyria did carry
away Ifrael unto Affyria, and "put them ° ^':&%
in Halah and in Habor by the river of ^'j^.™5*
Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes :
12 p Becaufe they obeyed not the voice " SkJvJu.^:
of the Lord their God, but tranfgreffed jj^-.^lf-1-
7 O Hof. 1— xiii. Deut.
his covenant, and all that Mofes the fer- if'^t^
vant of the Lord commanded, and would L'.,^:^1.'
not hear them, nor do them.
1 3 f Now * in the fourteenth year of q Jft- 3i' " ir'
king Hezekiah did * Sennacherib king of * Hcb- s'"h'"i-
Affyria come up againft all the fenced 7I3'
• • /"xii v m. 1 *.1 Compare what fol-
cities or Judah, and took them. iowSm this and
+* , _ tne two next
14 And Hezekiah king of Judah fent S^"'
to the king of Aflyria to Lachifh, faying, 1^''^
' I have offended ; return from me : that
which thou putteft on me I will bear.
And the king of Affyria appointed unto
Hezekiah king of Judah + three hundred *»'»«¦
talents of filver and thirty talents of
gold. 15 And Hezekiah s gave him all the s 'JH'&V*
filver that was found in the houfe of the
Lord, and in the treafures of the king's
houfe. 16 At that time did Hezekiah cut off
the gold lfrem the doors of the temple of 'Vs. 'v'
the- Lord, and from the pillars which
Hezekiah king ofjudah had overlaid, and
gave J it to the king of Aflyria
17 f " And the king of Affyria fent 'F&f&JZi

largely quoted.
r Ver. 7. Prov. 29.
25-

% Ifcb. thlllf

-20. II'. ]6. 2.
710.

Tartan, and Rabfaris, and Rab-fhakeh,
from Lachifh to king Hezekiah with a
"i great hoft againft Jerufalem. And they n Heb. w,.
went up and came to Jerufalem. And.,
when they were come up, they, came and
ftood by the * conduit of the. uppefi pool, *&£ j:***.*
which is in the highway of the fuller's *h.2o.52°'.4'3v
field. 1 3 And., when they had called to the
king, tiWe- came out to them * Eliakim yi|«;*°-M.&

Rab-fhakeh rails againf God. CHAP.
the fon of Hilkiah, who was over the
houfehold, and Shebna the * fcfibe, and
Joah the fon of Afaph the recorder.
19 And Rab-fhakeh faid unto them,.
21. ir. ,7. ii- Speak ye now to Hezekiah, ' Thus faith
14. Sc 37. iu — 13, -L J , . . 1 . _ . ~.
\tz\i' zChr' y" the great king, , the king of Affyria,
an. 36.4,5. ver. 5. a What confidence is this wherein, thou
' trufteft ?;
20 Thou +¦' fayeft, (but they, are but
* vain words,) b / have counfel and
ftrength' for the war. Now on whom
doft II thou truft, that thou rebelleft againft

Before Chrift
710.

z-Jndc 16. ch. 19. :

Pf.42. t.Sc 17.11
& 78. ig.
f-Or taltefl.
X Heb. ward ef the
lift.
b Prov. 21. 30. Job
20. 5.
II Heb. tr-jpfl thee.

XVIII. and1 drink

Rab-jhaketis blafphemy.
f" their own pifs with

Ee'hre Chrift
710.

me I.

21
elf. 36. 6. Si 30. 1 — c fT-.~
7. & 31. i^-j. u_ie
upon

Ezek. 29, 6, 7. .

high

il Vnr. 4. 2 Chr. 31. 1_ _. 1
i.&32.i2.ir.]6. nath
7— JO.

*-Or htfctges..

Now, behold, thou trufteft upon
ftaff of this bruifed reed, even
Egypt, on which if a man lean it
will; go into his hand and pierce it : fb is
Pharaoh king of Egypt unto all that truft
on him.
22 But if ye fay unto- me, We truft in
the Lord our God :- is not that he whofe
places and whofe altars Hezekiah
dj taken, away^ and. hath faid to
Judah and Jerufalem, Ye fhall worfhip
before this altar in Jerufalem ?
23 Now therefore, I pray thee, give
* pledges to my lord the king of Affyria,
and Twill deliver thee two thoufand horfes,
]f thou be able on thy part to fet. riders
upon them.
24 How then wilt thou turn away the
face of one captain of the leaft of my
mafter's fervants, and put thy truft on.
Egypt; for chariots, and for horfemen ?
25 Am I now come up without the
Lord againft this place to deftroy it ?
The Lord e faid to me, Go up
this land, and deftroy it.
26 Then faid Eliakim the fon of Hil
kiah, and Shebna, and Joah, unto
Rab-fhakeh, Speak, I pray thee, to thy
fervants in the Syrian language, for we
underftand it ; and talk not with us in
the Jews' language in the ears of the
people that are on the wall.
'27 But Rab-fhakeh faid unto them,
Hath my mafter fent me to thy mafter,
.«.*•„ an(* to ^ee* to fpeak thefe words ? hath
*7&n?»d;,o.s' ** a°t fent me to the men which fit on
™'*'*» the. wall,. that they may [ eat their own,

e iKIa. 13. 18. ch,
19. 6, 7, 32—37.
with If.10. 5, 6. &
7. 17, 18 &8. 6

againft

f Heb. the water of
thus feet.
g Ver. TO- I«". -fr. 15
— Z" i - tu\ 32.
16, li>, 19.

hDa'i. 3. T51T7. Sc6,
2.7. John rg.'jo,!!."
K.ev. 15. it.

duno;
you >
.28 s Then Rab-fhakeh ftood and cried
with a loud voice in the Jews' language,
and fpake, faying, Hear the word of the
great king, the king of Aflyria : .
29 Thus faith the king, Let not
Hezekiah deceive you ; for h he fliall
not be able to deliver vou out of his
hand :
30 Neither let Hezekiah- make, you
truft in the Lord, faying, The Lord
will furely deliver us, and this city fhall
not be delivered into the hand of the king
of Affyria..
3 1 Hearken not- to ¦ Hezekiah : for
thus faith the king of Aflyria, ! Make '^JSg^g.
an agreement with me by a prefent, and
come out to me, and then -eat ye k every * ',£'m?c.is'"
man of his own vine, and every one of
his fig tree, and drink ye every one the.
waters of his + ciftern:
32 Until I come and take you away
to a land like your own land, 'a land
corn and wine, a land of bread and vine
yards, a land of oil-olive and of honey,.
that ye may live and not die : and
hearken not unto Hezekiah when he
II perfuadeth you, faying, The Lord will
deliver us.
22 Hath' any of the m gods of the'na-
tions delivered at all his land out of the
hand of the king of Aflyria ¦? 5,
34 Where are the. gods of Hamath and
of Arpad?. where are the gods of Se-
pharvaim, Hena, and Ivah ? have they
delivered Samaria out of mine hand ?
Who are they among all the

• 4- 4-
3. 10.

X Or pit.

r 1 Exod. 3. 8. Deht.
Ol 32. 1 3, 14. Job 20.

H Or ieciiveth.

rn.ir.-36. iS— io. &
37.10—12,18,19.
Sc 10.7 — 11. Dent.
32.31. ver. 34,35,
Pi. 115. 3—8. Jer.
jo. 2—16. If. 44.
9 — 19. Sc 115. 2-1.
ch. 19. 10 — 13. Sc
^¦&,7,ZA,}0tllK

35

gods

of fhe countries "that have delivered their "{"i^'M'.Dfi:
country out of mine hand, that the Lord il,13-¥l0-7_""
fhould . deliver Jerufalem out of mine
hand? 36 But the people held their peace, and
anlwered him not a word : for the king's
commandment was, , faying, ° Anfwer
him not.
37 Then came Eliakim the fon of
Hilkiah, who was over the houfehold,
and Shebna the fcribe, and Joah the fon
of Afaph the recorder, to Hezekiah with

p Mar.,7. 6. Ptov. 26,
4. Amos 5. 1 ->, Pa'.
38.13,14. & 39.

Tefore Chrift
7IO-
p Ve1. 18. Gen. 37.
ay-, 3^. Mat. zb.
65- i Sam. 4. 12,
2'iam. 1. 11. cc 4.

^

a I'" p t. 1 Chr. 32.
20. & 20. 3 — 9. &
7. 15.

A]

Hezekiah rc'juef s •Ifaiah'1 s prayers. II.
jr^/V* p clothes rent, and told hi
words of Rab-fhakeh.
CHAP. XIX.
Here (1) Hezekiah, in great diftrefs, begs the aA
ance of Ifaiah' s prayers for his -people; I — 5: and
receives an affurance of proteclion and deliverance ;
6, .7. (2) Sennacherib, informed of Tirhakah's
march againft him, fends a' threatening letter to He
zekiah, to terrify him into a- furrender of Jerufa
lem; 8 — 13. (3) In a very folemn manner Heze
kiah recommends the fafity of his kingdom to. God,
and fupplicates his help; 14-— ig. (4) God, by
Ifaiah, returns him a comfortable anfwer ; repre-
jenting the vanity of the Affyrian boofts, and affur-
ing him of proteclion, deliverance, and plenty of
provifion, for himfelf and his fitly eel s ; 20 — 34.
(5) That fame night an angel cuts off moft of tine
Affyrian forces ; and foon after Sennacherib is flain
by his fons in his idolatrous temple ; 35 — 37.
ND a it came to pafs, when king
Hezekiah heard it, that he rent
his clothes, .and covered himfelf with
fackcloth, and went into the houfe of the
Lord. 2 And he fent b Eliakim, who was
over the houfehold, and Shebna the fcribe,
and the elders of the priefts, covered with
fackcloth, to c Ifaiah the prophet the fon
of Amoz.3 And they faid unto him, Thus faith
dP4<5C5'.s9,&,5?'K Hezekiah, This day is d a day of trouble,
9' and of rebuke, and * blafphemy : for the
c children are come to the birth, and there
is not ftrength to bring forth.
4 It f may be the Lord thy God will
hear all the words of Rab-fhakeh, whom
the king of Aflyria his mafter hath fent
to reproach the living God ; and will
the Lord thy
God hath heard : wherefore s lift up thy
h5:3b.'2c'hr,,628&5,'86Pray:er f°r tne remnant that are hleft.

KING S.
im the.

Sennacherib's blafphemy.

king

Hezekiah

b If. 22. 29 — 24.
37. 2 — 5. ch. 1
18, 37. Jon. 3.

e If. 1. 1. Sc 13.
Luke 3. 4. ch.
tt. I Chr. 32. 1

30.
* Or provocation.
ell. 26. 17.TS.Deut.
32.36 (,Ln.22;i4.
Hof. 13. 13.
("Num. 22.33. Jofh.
14. 12. 1 t»am. 14.
6. 2 Sam. 16. 12.
Pf. 50. 21.

,?5?^'io6. 23'Jo: reprove the words which
ir. 37.4. & 45. 11. -
1 Sam. 12. 19, 23.

5 So the fervants of
came to Ifaiah.
6 % And Ifaiah faid unto them, Thus
fhall ye fay to your mafter, Thus faith
the Lord, 'l Be 'not. afraid of the words
which thou~haft heard, with which the
fervants of the king of Aflyria have blaf-
phemed me.
7 Behold, I will fend a k blaft upon
him, and he fhall hear a rumour, and
fhall return to his own land ; and I will
caufe him to fall by the fword in his own
land. 8 <[[ So Rab-fhakeh returned, and found
the king of Aflyria warring againft ' Lib
nah : for he had heard that he was de
parted from Lachifh.
9 And, when ra he heard fay of Tir-
hakah king of Ethiopia, Behold, he is
come out to fight againft thee ;. he fent
meflengers again unto Hezekiah, fay
ing, ioThus fhall ye fpeak to Hezekiah king
of Judah, faying, n Let not thy God in
whom thou trufteft deceive thee, faying,
Jerufalem fhall not be delivered into the
hand of the king of Aflyria. -,
1 1 ° Behold, thou haft heard what, the
kings of Aflyria have done to all lands
by deftroying them utterly ; and fhalt
thou be delivered ?
12 Have the
livered them which my fathers have
deftroyed ; as p Gozan, and i Haran, and
Rezeph, and the children of r Eden which
were in Thelafar ?
13 Where is the king of s Hamath,
and the king of Arpad, and the king of

Before Chrift
7IC.

Bxod. 14. l;.ch.5..
16. 2 Chr. 20. 15,
17. Mirk 5. 36.
Mac. 14. 3 1,11.37,
6,7.

IcPf. II. 6. &48. 5,
6..&50. 3.ver.-jS,
37. ch. 7. 6,

I K. 37. S. ch. 8. 21.
Sc 14. 9. Jofh, u,
II, IS-

m 1 Sam. 23, 27.
If. 37. 9.

n .Ch. 18. 29, 39.'
2 Chi. 31. 15—19,
11. 37. 10. '

olf.37.ll.&!0.7— 14. ch. 18. 33, 34.
2 Chr. 32. 13. v

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — God never makes a full
end of his people, however finful ; but provides them relief in one
part of the world when he almoft extirpates them in another.
Nay, in the darkeft times he can raife up the moft burning and
ftiining lights. His grace can enable them to overcome the
ftrongeft obftacles, and to perfevere to the end. Never therefore
need they fear who boldly truft on God in the path of duty. No
length of cuftom can ever confecrate an evil practice. If our
parents have difhonoured God, it is our honour to be unlike them.
And fidelity in God's fervice will be ever accompanied with his
bleffing. And yet, to prove their faith and conftancy, and to
punifh an hypocritical generation, they who are moft zealous for
God may be reduced to fuch difficulties as will make them ftag
ger, and finfully yield. But flying to human confidences inftead
6

sods of the nations de-

pCh. 17. 6.&18.11.
If. 37. 12. i
q Gen. 11. 31. & 29.
4-
I Gen. 2. 8. Ezek.
17. 23.
s 2 Sam. 8. 9. Num.
13. 21. ch. 18-. 34.
Ii. 36. 19- Sc 37.
13-

of God will but bring on us the ruin which we feek to avoid. The
moft folemn treaties, or largeft ranfoms, make little impreffion on
conquering tyrants. Never then let any rob God to procure tem
poral advantages. What an unruly evil is an infolent tongue ! It
cafts forth firebrands, arrow?, and death, againft God and men:
and readily it upbraids the people of God with .their greateft
honours. Little reafon has one power to vaunt againft another ;
for foon may they be equally weak as well as equally treacherous.
Great boatters are feldom even ordinary a&crs: and flattering
tongues and pompous promifes ought never to be trufted. How
affecting is it to hear,, though often improper to anfwer, virulent
reproaches of God and his people'! Silence is the beft anfwer to
infolent abufe. It but exafperates a fo-ol to anfwer him according
to his folly.

God denounces the ruin

CHAP. XIX.

of Sennacherib and his army.

Before Chrift
710.

tiKin. 3. 28. Pf.
123. 1. 2 Chr. 20.
4> 9* If- 37- 14—
20.
u 2 Sam. 7.18. Ezek.
36. 37. Dan. 9. 2,
3. Pf. 50.15. &gi.
15. & 109.4. Jam.
5.13.
x Pf. 80. 1. 1 Sam.
4. 4. Exod. 25. 22.
7 lf.44.fi & 45.22.
Jer. 10. u, iz.
Dan. 4. 34, 35.

zlf. 37. 17. Pf. 31.2.
& 86. 2. & S3. 2.
&130.21&T41.1. &142.1, 6. & 143.
1, 7. Dan. 9. 17—
19.

a Num. 14. 9.
2 Sam. 5. 21.

bPf. 115.4—7- Jer.
ia. 2 — 16 If. 44.
g—i 20. &45- 21.
&46. 1,2,6,7. &
40. j 9, 23.

C 1 Kin. 8. 28. Dan.
13—18. Jofh. 7. 9.
li, J7. 2g.

¦dlf.57. 21— 19. Dan,
9. 10— 2j.-lf. 58.
g.Pf.6s.z.

elf. 37- "• Ff. 11. 7.
& 44- 13-

f Pf. 75. 8, g, if. &
74. 10, IS, & 89.
«. Exod. 5. 2.
Prov. 21. 4. ell. 18.
28-J5.
gPf.7i.22 If, S.24,

h Pf. 10, 7. ch. 18.
11, jj, 14. If. 10.
7-14. & 37- *4i
= ;• iChr. 32. 13

Vol. I.

the city of Sepharvaim, of Hena, and
Ivah? 1 4 ^[ And Hezekiah received the letter
of the hand of the meffengers, and read
it : and Hezekiah went up into the houfe
of the Lord, and 'fpread it before the
Lord. 1 5 And Hezekiah u prayed before the
Lord, and faid, O Lord God of Ifrael,
who x dwelleft between the cherubims,
thou art 7 the' God, even thou alone, of
all the kingdoms of the earth ; thou haft
made heaven and earth.
16 Lord, z bow down thine ear, and
hear: open, Lord, thine eyes, and fee;
and hear the words of Sennacherib, which
hath fent him to reproach the living
God. 17 Of a truth, Lord, the king3 of
Affyria have a deftroyed the nations and
their lands,
1 8 And have caft their gods into the
fire : for they b were no gods, but the
work of men's hands, wood and ftone :
therefore they have deftroyed them.
1 9 Now therefore, O c Lord our
God, I befeech thee, fave thou us out of
his hand, that all the kingdoms of the
earth may know that thou art the LojRD
God, even thou only.
20 % Then Ifaiah the fon of Amoz fent
to Hezekiah, faying, d Thus faith the
Lord God of Ifrael, 'That which thou
haft prayed to me againft Sennacherib
king of Affyria I have heard.
21 This is the word that the Lord
hath fpoken concerning him ; e The vir
gin, the daughter of Zion, hath defpifed
thee, and laughed thee to fcorn ; the
daughter of Jerufalem hath fhaken her
head at thee.
22 Whom f haft thou reproached and
blafphemed ? and againft whom haft thou
exalted thy voice, and lifted up thine eyes
on high ? even againft g the Holy One of
Ifrael. 23 By thy meffengers thou haft re
proached the Lord, and haft faid, h With
the multitude of my chariots I am come
up to the height of the mountains, to the

Before Chrift
710.

fides of Lebanon, and will cut down the
tall cedar trees thereof, and the choice
fir trees thereof: and I will enter into the
lodgings of his borders, and into {theiafj!;jf'f,dm^'
foreft of his Carmel.
24 I have digged and drunk ftrange
waters, and with the fole of my feet have
I dried up all the rivers of +
places. 25 ? Haft thou not heard long
khow I have done it', and of ancient times

10. 18. My forces
have drimic up or
turned aiiiie whole
rivers.

befieged t0'fm"d-

n Q<y-k t Or Hall thou Hrf
a£>^ heard how J have
made it loiig ago.
and formed hof
that I have formed it ? now have I brought «S%
O tt fo be laid wafte,
it to pafs that thou fhouldeft be to lay SetS££,?°
wafte fenced cities into ruinous heaps. kir.io.$,6.jer.5i.-
26 Therefore their inhabitants were
of ' fmall power ; they were difmayed and ltld\\\pfff;&
confounded ; they were as the grafs ofthe
field, and as the^ green herb, as the grafs
on the houfe tops, and as corn blafted
before it be grown up.
27 But m I know thy abode, and thy m Pf- •»• *. 3- &
going out, and thy coming in, and thy
rage againft me.
28 Becaufe " thy rage againft me and
thy tumult is come up into mine ears,
therefore ° I will put my hook in thy 0 Ezek. «,
nofe, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will
turn thee back by the way by which thou
cameft. 29 And this fhall be a Pfign unto thee,
Ye fhall eat ^ this year fuch things- as
grow of themfelves, and in the fecond 'j^.^eA'
year that which fpringeth of the fame ;
and in the third year fow ye, and reap,
and plant vineyards, and eat the fruits
thereof. 2o And r the remnant that is efcaped ' vZVliMtl
of the houfe of Judah fhall yet again
take root downward, and bear fruit up
ward. 31 For sout of Jerufalem fhall go forth s *&£:"£&+.
a remnant, and they that efcape out of "&46"-
mount Zion : ' the zeal of the Lord of^^-i-^v-;1'
hofs fhall do this. ¦>- s-
32 Therefore thus faith the Lord con
cerning the king of Affyria, He fhall not
come into this city, nor fhoot an arrow
there, nor come before it with fhield, nor
caft a bank againft it.
22 uBy the way that he- came, by the " s+*7',»8',"'£'
4D

92. 7,9. & 76. 5 f.
Sc 83. 13—15. &
6. 8c 46. 8, g.Din.
4- 34i 35- Sc 2. 2Iw

28. 6, 19.

n Ff. 76. 10. Se 7. Gi
Scz. t.8c*6.(i.
Prov. 14. if,. 8c
29. 9. Sc 27. ;-, 4,
&ilS. 3,6,7. . 4- Job
4T. 2. Pf. 32. 9.
Jam. 3. 3. ver. :S.
*". 30. 28.

|> Of fulfilling. Ver.
21.30,31, 54. ur.
37. 30. & 7. 14. Sc
38. 8, 22. tk

Sennacherib's army defrayed.

II. KING S.

Hezekiah' 's ficknefs.

Before Chrift
710.

x If. 10.34. &31. 5.
&37. 35. &2C1. I.
y'Ch. 20. 6. if. 48.
9. 11. Hzei. 36.
22.

a 1 Thef. 5. 2, 3. Job
20. 5. & 34. 10.
Eto.l. 12. 29. H.
37. 36,,'aSain. zs.
20. 2 Chr. 32. 21,
22. If. ic. 12, 16—
a h J4— 34- & 14-
15. & 17. 12—14.
£r 24. 2-1,22. 0V25.
4,5,9-12. Icii.
t. Sc 29. .5 — 8. -&
3'.- 27—13- *: Ji.
4, 8, 9. Sc ;3- 1, 3
—5, 11,12, 3J.
a Ver. 7, 28. II. 37.
7, 29.
fc'Gen. 10. Tl, 12.
Jou.i. 2. Nah. z. 8.
709.
elf. 3;. 1. ler. 8.:2.
fzek. 6. 5. Lev.
sd. 32. Nah. 3. 1$.

dHeb. Ararat. Gen.
8. 4, Il.37.38. Jer,
5 «¦ *7.

fame fhall he return, and fhall not come
into this city, faith the Lord..
34 * For I will defend this city to fave
iX, y for mine own fake, and for my fer
vant David's fake.
2$. ^[ And *it came to pafs that night
that the angel of the Lord went out, and
fmote in the camp of the Affyrians an
hundred fourfcore and five thoufand : and,
when they arofe early in the morning,
behold, they wer-e all dead corpfes.
36 So Sennacherib king of Affyria
departed, and went and a returned, and
dwelt at "" Nineveh,
37 And it came to pafs, c as he was
worfhipping in the houfe of Nifroch his
god, that Adrattinielech and Sharezer his
fons fmor/e him with the fword : and
they -efcaped into the land of d Armenia.
And Efarhaddon his fon feigned in his
ftead.

CHAP. XX.
Reprefents ( 1 ) Hezekiah' s deadly ficknefs, and his
recovery from it — in anfwer to his prayer, in per
formance cf God's promife, in the ufe of means pre
fcribed by God, and in confequence of a miraculous
fign; 1 — 11. (2) Hezekiah' s fin in Jhewing the
Chaldean ambaffadors his treafures, his punifhment
in the future eapt'wity and flavery of his family in
Babylon, and his repentance; 12 — 19. In both
Ifaiah wasGod's nuftenger'to 'him. (3) A fummary
-account of his reign and death ; 20, 21.
IN a thofe days was Hezekiah fick unto
death. And the prophet Ifaiah the
17.23.Mat. fon of Amoz came to him; and faid unto
ion. 4. ,, s. Heb.,. him, Thus faith the Lord, b Set thine
^'fl'scQw, houfe in order; for 6 thou fhalt die, and
48. 2 Sam. 14. 14. * '
Oen. 3. 19. Job 14. j-jq|- jjve.
Mar. 6. «. if. 18. 2, 2 Then he dturned his face to the wall,
i"?;.u'"'P'' an^ Prayed unto the Lord, faying,

713.
a 2 Chr. 32. 24. If.
58. I. ver. 7.

¦ 2 Sam.
24. 42, 44.

3 I befeech thee, O Lord, e remember
now how I have walked before thee in
f truth and with a perfedT: heart, and
have done that -which is good in thy fight.
And Hezekiah £wept * fore.
4 And it came to pafs, h before Ifaiah
was gone out into the middle '*" court, that
the word of the Lord came to him,
faying, 5 Turn again, and tell Hezekiah fhe
' captain of my people, Thus faith the
Lord, the God of David thy father, k I
have heard thy prayer, I have -feen thy
tears : behold, I will heal thee ; on the
third -day fthou fhalt go up unto the houfe
of the Lord.
6 And I will ra add unto thy days fif
teen years ; " and I will deliver thee and
this city out of the hand of the king of
Affyria ; and I will defend this city for
mine own fake, and for my fervant
David's fake.
7 And Ifaiah faid, Take a "lump of
And they took and laid it on the
boil, -and he recovered,
8 ^[ And Hezekiah faid unto Ifaiah,
What fhall be the p fign that the Lord
will heal me, and that I fhall go up into
the houfe of the Lord the third day ? .
9 And Ifaiah faid, 1 This fign fhalt
thou have of the Lord, that the Lord
willdo the thing that he hath fpoken :
fhall the fhadow go forward ten degrees,

Before Chrift
713.
e Gen. 8. i. Neh. s,
19. & 13. 14, 14
fiKin.2.4.&8.6,. Gen. 6. 9. 1 Thef.
2. 4, 10 Job 2. ,.
2 Cor. 1. «. Ads.
24. 16.
EPC6.6.&,02.o, Heb. 5. 7. v
* Heb. with a [reu
vieefing.
h If. 58.9. & 65. 24.
Dan..9.2o, 21. ft.
46. 1. Sc 34. 6.
t -Or city.
iCh.18. 1. jSam..e>
-16. Sc sa. 1. & ij.
14- 2 Sam. 5. 2.
Jo*- 5- 14, rS.
Heb. 2. 10.
k Ch. 19. 20. If. ,t.
S-P1.6C.Z.8CC6.
St- 8C 39. 12. ver.7,.
Exod. 15. 26. Pf.
J47- 3-
IPf.26. 8. 8c 66. I J
—15. & ni. 12,
14. If. 38. 22.
m Exod. 20. 12. with
Job 14. 5.
n Ch. 19. 6, 7. 32— .
34. I1V10. 24— 34,
2 Chr. 32. 22.

figs

0CI1.4. 41. Mark 7.
33. John 9. 6. Acts
27.24,31.

p'ir.7.-ii,-M.&3fc 22. Jitdg.6.17, 37.
39. 2 Sam. 5. 24.

q If. 38. 7, 8. with.
Jolh. jo. I z— u,

or go back ten ¦ + degrees ?

I Half-hour line;.

10 And Hezdkiah anfwered, It is a
light thing for the fhadow to go down ten

¦a
degrees : nay,
backward ten degrees

but let the fhadow return

1 1

And Ifaiah the prophet r cried unto

r Exod. 14.15. iKrlft
17. 20. 8c 18. 42.
£zek. 36. 37. Jam*
5. 16. John 15, 7.
Mark ii. 24.

Reflections upon Chap. XfX. — Sore troubles fhould deeply
affect us, and render us earneft in calling upon God for relief.
But, while our helper is almighty, we ought never to defpair.
Let us, how/ever, always intereft in our behalf the prayers of Jefus
Chrift and his minifters, and people. Thus trufting in God, we
fhall never be confounded ; ,while thofe, who lift up their tongues
ao-ainft him, fhall bring down fwift vengeance, on their own heads.
Wicked men dare to defy God, and are fond of trumpeting forth
their own praife. Juft before their ruin their blafphemy and pride
ordinarily fwell to the higheft. But, while we have a prayer-
hearing God to addrefs in our trouble, let us always be confident.
If the great object of our requefts be the manifeftation of his glory,
we fhall certainly be heard : and often Gpd's returns to the prayers

of faith are fpeedy as well as comfortable. How honourable, in
God's view, are his peqple in their greateft diftrefs! and contemp
tible in his fight are the greateft of 'his oppofers — an empty noife,
a proud puff, and no more! Nor hell nor earth can rage any-fur
ther than his limits permit them. He protects,, delivers, and pro
vides for, his people above what -they think or afk, and all for
Jefus' fake. But'what a fpeedy regard to his promife ! What ter
rible miajefty is with him ! How fearful to fall into his hands ! How
great the power of his angels ! and. how fafe thofe who have mil
lions of fuch guardians and protectors! But miferable is the end of
blafphemers ! Often their very gods or children, from whom they
expected fupport, become the inftruments of their ruin.

Hezekiah threatened, and dies.

CHAP. XX. XXI.

Manaffeh reigns moft wickedly.

Before Chrift
713-
slf. 33.8. 2 Chr. 31.
24.
\l Heb. degrees.
t If. 39. 1. 2<5hr. 32.
it. 2 Sam. 8.1a &
jo. 2. He not only
congratulated him
on his marvellous
deliverance,, but
probably courted
him into a league
againit the Ally-
rians.

51 ii. 39.2. 2 Chr. 3Z.
25—31. 1 Kin. 10.
2, 15, 25.
* Or .M.-.T.,

* Or jewels.
X Heb. vrjdt.
% 1 Kin. 8. 46. Eccl.
7. 20. 1 John 1. 8.
Hab. 2. 4.

y If. 39- !-*•
z Ch. j. 25.

a Ver. it. 2 Chr. 32.
17. Jofll. 7. 19.
Job 31.33. Prov,
xl. 13.

fcCh.24. I}. &2S.
63. Jer. 27. 19 —
22. & 52. 17.

CCh. 24.12. 2 Chr.
}-,. ij. Dan. 1. 3.

the Lord : and 5Jie brought the fhadow
ten degrees backward, by which it had
gone down in the H dial of Ahaz.
12 f ' At that time Berodach-baladan,
the fon of Baladan king of Babylon, fent
letters and a prefent unto Hezekiah : for
he had heard that Hezekiah had been
fick. 1 3 And Hezekiah hearkened unto them,
and u fhewed them all the houfe :of his
* precious things, the filver, and the gold,
and the fpices, and the precious ointment,
and all the houfe of his + + armour, and
all that was found in his treafures : there
was x nothing in his houfe, nor in all his
dominion, that Hezekiah fhewed them
not. 14 ^[ Then f came Ifaiah the prophet
unto king Hezekiah, and faid unto him,
1 What faid thefe men ? And from whence
came they unto thee ? And Hezekiah faid,
They are come from a far country, even
from Babylon.
1 5 And he faid, What have they feen
in thine houfe ? And Hezekiah anfwered,
a All the things that. are in mine houfe have
they feen : there is nothing, among my
treafures that I have not fhewed them.
16 And Ifaiah faid unto Hezekiah,
Hear the word of the Lor®.
1 7 Behold, the days come that -all that
is in thine houfe, and that which thy
fathers have laid up in ftore .unto this day,
b fhall be carried into iBaby Ion :' nothing
tfhall be left, faith the Lord.
18 And of c thy fons that fhall iffue
from thee, which thou flialt beget, fhall
they take away; and they fhall be

Before Chrift
709.

S.C.

eSee 1Ki11.Jl.4r,
43. ch. 12. 19. &
iS- 6. 7. J5, 3»-
fCh.1S-7.2Chr. 32.
4, 30. Neh. 3. 10.

698,

eunuchs in the palace of the king of
Babylon. 19 Then faid Hezekiah unto Ifaiah,
d Good is the word of the Lord which "IS.'&MfS'rf:
thou hafl: fpoken. And he faid, « Is it 3^Ldm^-
not good, if peace and truth be in my ^ffflfrifff'
days ?
20 ^[ e And the reft of the a£ts of He
zekiah, and all his might, and how f he
made a pool, and a conduit, and brought
water into the city, are they not written
in the book of the chronicles of the kings
of Judah ?
2i And Hezekiah fkpt with his fa
thers : and Manafleh his fon reigned in
his ftead. CHAP. XXf,
Lately fxiefaw Ifrael r fined. Here treqcber.ous Judah
ripens for deftruclion under two wicked kings.
( 1 ) Manaffeh early and obftinately abandons himfelf
to idolatry, witchcraft, murder., and every thing
horrid; I — 9, II, 16. On account of which,
God, by his prophets, devotes him and his kingdom
to mifery and ruin; 10 — 16. (2) He dies,; 17,18.
(3) Arnon his fin fucceeds him in government, and
imitates him in wickednefs \ and is murdered by his
fervants, who are punifhed by the .people ; 19^-26.
ANASSEH a was twelve years old
when he began to reign, and
reigned fifty and five years in Jerufalem.
And his mother's name was Hephzi-
bah. 2 And Mie did that which was evil -in -b *Snr- ?£
the fight of the Lord, after the abomi
nations of the heathen, whom the Lord
caff out before the children of Ifrael.
3 For hehuilt up again the high places ech.,8.4..Kin.,5.
c which Hezekiah his father had deftroyed-; &l\tzi:)ef:
and he reared up altars for Baal, and "-iTd>.»,?*-
sr ¦ 15. 24.

a 2 Chr. 33. 1— 1«.
IChr. 3. 13. MaU
-I. 19.

¦ Z.J.
ch. S. 18. Sc 10. z
— 4. ver. 3 — 7, 16.
ch. 12.17, Sc 24. 3.
4-Sc 17. 8^17.
Deut'. 18. 9,' 10.
Jer. 15. 4.

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — ^Neither, greatnefs nor good
nefs can exempt from ficknefs or death. Not a moment of life
but the .prefent is certain. And often 'God 'lays men afide'from
their work when we think there is moft need of them. But oh !
the ,vaft .preparation of ftate,. frame, 'and exercife, that is .neceffary;
fot-a' comfortable entrance into eternity! There is need for mini-i
fters to inculcate rhrs-in -the moft earneft andfolemri manner. In \
dying -moments it is the greateft mercy, and 'fhould be our greateft '
defire, to have all our hopes founded on Jefus' blood, and attended
with the teftimony of a good confeience: and to have, the confo
lations of God enabling us to triumph over the natural fears and
pains of death. How ufeful is prayer ; it can prepare us for death,
and recover us from diftempers which are. in .themfelves deadly.
And- God grants with pleafure his people's requefts, and beftows
•on them exceedingly above what they afk or think. At beft, our

life is limited : it is fhort, and had need to be well improved. In
.ficknefs we ought to ufe proper remedies, otherwife we but tempt
God in denting or expe&ing recovery : and the prayers and ad-
.vi.ces of .God's prophets do us. more good than the prefcriptions of
our phyiician?. How -God condcfcends to thc weaknefs of his
faints! He will work wonders to ftrength?n their fr'th. Profpe-
rous favourites of heaven are ordinarily courtsd into friendfhip by
the wicked : and the beft of men are apt to be thus enfnared, efpe
cially by their own pride. But, if we walk. in pride, God will
certainly abafe us or our feed. And what has miniftered to our
vanity and felf-confidence will ere long cover us, -iyitii confufion.
May God then make us to accept of the puniftiment of our ini
quity! We have caufe of thankfulnefs if v.-e are but out of hell.

But outward quietnefs and gofpel preaching an
which we can never iufficiently acknowledge.
4^2

fingular mercies,

Defruclion ofjudah threatened.

II. KING S.

Anton reigns wickedly, and is fain.

Before Chrift
698.

made a grove, as did Ahab king of Ifrael ;
and worfhipped all the hofl of heaven,
and ferved them.
•djern,r34?3eiM: 4 And d he built altars in the houfe of
19. & 2J, 4. 6.
C2Sam. 7. 13.
j icings 8. 29. 8c
9.3.^.78.68.69.

i Ch. 16.11. I Kin.
6. 36. ch. 23. 4.
b. z Chr. 33. 15.

£2 Chron. 33.6. ch.
16. 3. Lev. 18. 21.
&19.16.31. Deut.
18. 10—14. If- $•
h€en. 13. 13. ch.
14. 3. 4. Jer. 15.
,4.2 Tim. 3. 13.
Deut. 32. 21. 22.
z Chron. 36. 14.
Amos 4. 4.
iCh. 2;. 6. 2Chron.
33- 7-

fc 2 Chron. 6.6.
I Kin. 8. 13. 29.
44. & 9. 3. ch.
23. 27. 2 Sam. 7.
10. Pi". 132. 13. &
78. 68, 69.

1 1 Chr. 17. 0. ch.
18. 11. 2 Chr. 33,

m Lev. 26. I. to 14,
Deut. 28. 1— 15.
& iv — xxvi. IlTl.
19. Pf. 37. 3.

» Ch. 17. 14, If.
Zech. 7. 11, 12.
2 Chron. 36. 13—
16. Jer. 44. 4, 5.
¦:o Prov. 29. 12. Rev.
z. 20. 1 Kin. 14.
15. 16. Hoi'. 5. 1?,
Mic. 6. 16. John
15. 22. Jam. 4.
17. Ezek. 16. 47.
51. Pf. 12.8..
688.
. Jer. 15. 4. ch. 23.
ii. Sc ia. 3. 4.

4 Mic. 3 12. Dan.
9. 12. jer. 19. 3.
iSam, 3. II. II. 3.
11. Rom. 2. 8. 9.
tu. 22. 17.

1 M. 34. 11. ch. 17.
i. Scsn. 11. Jer.
26. 9. Lam. 2. 8
Amos 7. 7, 8.
Zech. 1.6. I Kin.
21. 24. Jer, 25.9.
Exek. v — xvi. &
20. 33 — 48. & 21.
31, 32. xxii. xxiii,
M.v. Jer. ii —
xxi>i. xxv. xxvi.

the Lord, of which the Lord faid, e In
Jerufalem will I put my name.
5 And he built f altars for all the hofl:
of heaven in the two courts of the houfe
ofthe Lord.
6 And ghe made his fon pafs through
the fire, and obferved times, and ufed
enchantments, and dealt with -familiar
fpirits and wizards : he h wrought much
wickednefs in the fight of the Lord, to
provoke him to anger.
7 And he fet ' a graven image of the
grove that he had made in the houfe of
which the Lord faid to David and to
Solomon his fon, k In this houfe, and in
Jerufalem, which I have chofen out of all
tribes of Ifrael, will I put my name for
ever; \
8 Neither will I make the feet of Ifrael
move ' any more out of the land which I
gave their fathers ; m only if they will
obferve to do according to all that I have
commanded them, and according to all
the law that my fervant Mofes com
manded them.
9 But n they^hearkened not. And
Manaffeh ° feduced them to do more evil
than did the nations whom the Lord
deftroyed before the children of Ifrael.
10 % And the Lord fpake by his fer
vants the prophets, faying,
1 1 p Becaufe Manaffeh king of Judah
hath done thefe abominations, and hath
done wickedly above all that the Amorites
did, which were before him, and hath
made Judah alfo to fin with his idols :
1 2 Therefore thus faith the Lord God
of Ifrael, Behold, "* I am bringing fuch
evil upon Jerufalem and Judah, that who
foever heareth of it, both his ears fhall
tingle. 1 3 And I will r ftretch over Jerufalem
the line of Samaria, and the plummet of
the houfe of Ahab: and I will wipe Je
rufalem as a man wipeth a difh, wiping
it, and turning /'/ upiide down.
3

Before Chrift
¦688.

2 Chron. 33, __.
ch. xxiv, xxv.
Ler. 26; 15—39.
tn pi r Deut- 28- is— 68.
xxxii: Ezek. iv—
xxiv. Lam. i— v,

l Ezek. xvi. xx.
xxiii. Pf. Ixxviii.
cvi. Neh. ix. Dan,

x Ver. 7. 1 Kin. 14.
15. 16.

1 Kin. 22. 45. 50.
ch. k. 6, 7, 36.
38. & ZO. £C,,2I.
2 Chron. 3J. 1—

1 4 And I will forfake the s remnant of
mine inheritance, and deliver them into sch.^. 30.
the hand of their enemies ; and they fhall
become a prey and a fpoil to all
enemies ;
1 5 Becaufe they have done that which
was evil in my fight, and have provoked
me to anger, c fince the day their fathers
came forth out of Egypt, even unto this
day. 1 6 Moreover, " Manaffeh fhed innocent u v'\- jr7; ch- ,s-
J 3. 4. cc 14, 3. 4,
blood very much, till he had filled Jeru-r-
falem * from one end to another ; befide *l^JXmm""h
* his fin wherewith he made Judah to
fin, in doing that which was evil in the
fight of the Lord.
if % Now y the reft of the a&s of y
Manaffeh, 'and all that he did, and his fin
that he finned, are they not written in
the book of the chronicles of the kings of
Judah ?
18 And Manafleh flept with his fathers,
and was buried in
houfe, in the garden of Uzza
his fon reigned in his ftead
19 ^f '¦ Arnon was
years old when he began to reign, and he
reigned a two years in Jerufalem. And
his -mother's name was Mefhullemeth,
the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah.
20 And he . did b that which was evil b IcUn?,'^
in the fight of the Lord, as his father N"m•3^•,4¦
Manaffeh did.
2 1 And he walked in all the way that
his father walked in, and ferved the idols
that his father ferved, and worfhipped them :
22 And he '-.forfook the Lord God of c ^'j-^;*
his fathers, and walked not in the way &'uJ^if'i£-»i.

the garden of his own
and Amon

643.

twenty and two z 2 ch.™. 33.21-
25. I Chron. 3.14,
Mat. 1. 10.
a 1 Kin. 15. 25. St
16. 8. & 22. 51.
ch. 15. 23.

con - 4 Ch. 12. so. Sc 14,
•,9. & iS. 9. 25.
30. 1 Kin. 15. 27.
& 16. 9.

of the Lord.-
23 % And the fervants of Amon A
fpired againft him, and flew the king in
his own houfe.
24 And the people of the land *flew e,1ft.,6J4*g-
all them that had confpired againft. king JSH~
Amon : and the people of the land f made f ^"-.^Kin.
Jofiah his fon king in his ftead. lt:i.f7}6,,f"
25 ^[sNowthe reft of the a<5ts of Amon s^f1?-^
which he did, are they not written in the f f.f &'7?"

book of the
Judah ?

chronicles of the

kings

of

St

36. 38.

641.

.Jofiah reigns pioufty.
26 And he was buried in his fepulchre
in the garden of Uzza : and Jofiah his fon

G H A P. XXH

Before Chrift
64L

reigned in his ftead.
CHAP,

XXII.

a2Chr. 34. 1, 2.
1 Chron. 3. 14.
Mat. 1. 10. Jer. I.
I. Zeph. 1. 1.
2 Kin. 13. 2. IT.
5,4.

b Jolh. 15. 39.

In this chapter and the following we have Judah' s
blaze of reformation and profperity after a moft
Jhocking apoftafy, and Juft before their tremendous
ruin. (1) Jofiah comes early to the croivn, and
reigns well; I, 2. (2) He manifefts his regard to
God's temple in repairing it; 3 — 7. (3) He marks
his efteem of God's law, by hearing it read to him
with great concern and lively fear of its denunciations ;
8 — 11. (4) He marks his regard to God's pro
phets, in confulting Huldah on what he had heard ;
12 — 14. (5) God by her returns him an anfwer,
denouncing inevitable deftruSiion to his kingdom ;
but promifing proteclion and peace while he lived, on
account of his piety ; 15 — 20.
JOSIAH *was eight years old when he
began to reign, and he reigned thirty
and one years in Jerufalem. And his
mother's name was Jedidah, the daughter
of Adaiah of b Bofcath.

2 And he did c that which was right o

c Ch 18 3.1 Kin. 11.
38. & 3. 6. & 15.
^"VE'ek. in the fight of the Lord
^.14. er.22.15, |naj| ^ wa^ Q£ j^ayid his father,
turned not afide to the right hand or to
the left.

and walked and

4 2 Chron. $4. 3, 8.
i. e. theeijjhteenth
year ol his reign,
623.

e 2 Chr. 34, 9—13.
ch. 12. 4. 9—15.

f Heb. thrtJIieW. P ',
Sa. io. 2 Chron.
8.14,

E 2 Chron. 34. 12.
ch. 12. 11, 12.

3 ^f And it came to pafs, in the d eigh
teenth year of king Jofiah, that fhe king
fent Shaphan the fon of Azaliah, the., foil
of Mefhullam, the fcribe, to the hdufe
of the Lord, faying,
4 Go up to e Hilkiah the high prieft,
that he may fum the filver which is
brought into the houfe of the Lord,
which the keepers of the f door have
gathered of the people :
5 And let them deliver it into the hand
of the doers of the work, that have the
s overfight of the houfe of the Lord :
and let them give it to the doers of the

Before Chrift
623.

The- book of the laiv found.
work which is in the houfe of the Lord,
to repair the breaches of the houfe,
6 Unto carpenters, and builders, and
mafons ; and to buy timber and hewn
.ftone to repair the houfe.
7 Howbeit, h there was no reckoning h c*. ». ir-
made with them of the money that was
delivered into their hand, becaufe they
dealt 'faithfully.. i Neh. 7. *, & ,$
8 % And Hilkiah the high prieft faid *™°"l»- to4'
" or arTun. 2. 2. iCor.
unto Shaphan the fcribe, I have found 4- z Heb- 3-2,s-
the k book of the law inthe houfe of the kj5e?t™-.3i6.14'
Lord. And Hilkiah gave the book to
Shaphan, and he read it.
9 And Shaphan the fcribe came to the
king, and brought the king word again,
and faid, Thy fervants have * gathered * Heb' "**
the money that was found in the houfe,.
and have delivered it into the hand of
them that do the work, that have the
overfight of the houfe of the Lord,.
10 And Shaphan the fcribe fhewed the
faying, Hilkiah the prieft hath
delivered me a book. And Shaphan. ' read ' *[; !5, "• nT-t-
it before the king.
1 1 And it came to pafs, when the king
had m heard the words of the book of the ^i^L1*": 34. 19. Jer. 36. 24.
Joel 2. 13.

Ic
feems to have
been the original'
copy written by
Moles.

king,

law, that he rent his clothes.

12

And the king commanded Hilkiah

Amos- 14,

the prieft, and Ahikam the fon of Sha
phan, and "Achbor the fon of Michaiah, "l^: I4)": St
and Shaphan the fcribe, and Afahiah a
fervant of the king's, faying,
13 ° Go ye, inquire of the Lord for ° 3.™$; %
me, and for the people, and for all Ju
dah, concerning the words of this book
that is found; for great is the wrath of
the Lord that is kindled p againft us, be- p fla;fV'£.m.
caufe our fathers have not hearkened unto
the words of this book, to do according

xxix. xxtfi. xxxii.
Rom. 15.4. 1 Cor.

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — It is extremely dangerous
to. arrive too early at dignity and power; fo many are lying in
wait to flatter fuch to their ruin. And novices, being lifted up
with pride, fell into the condemnation of the devil. None are apt
to be more abandoned profligates than thofe who trample on a reli
gious education. Irreligion, and a violent attachment to devilifh
devices and falfe worfhip, are often clofely connected. The bad
example of great men, particularly kings, is often extremely infec
tious,; and thofe who fet it will, in the laft judgment, have to
anfwer for thoufands or millions of fouls which they have feduced
or deftroyed : for the greateft kings muft fhortly ftand on a level
with the meaneft criminals at God's bar. When men abandon

themfelves to fin, the former public fins of their nation are all
brought into their account, as approved and readied by them.
And nothing fooner fills up the meafure of a nation's fins than the
perfecution of God's people. Terrible are the miferies which
wicked magiftrates and minifters bring on thofe under their
charge. And they who imitate them in their wickednefs muft
fhare in their punifhment. They who forfake God muft expert
to be forfaken by him. But great muft be the ftrength of that
inward corruption which renders men daring in wickednefs, not
withftanding the moft awful warnings and judgments. Often.
men's forwardnefs in finning hurries them into hell. And it is a
great mercy for a nation when the career of a wicked king is fhort.

Alarmcdby the law of God, and Haldalf s II. KINGS'. firedicJions, Jofiah further reforms Judaic

Before Chrift
6z3.

unto all that which is written concerning

us.

a 2 Chr. 34. 21. Ex.
15. u. Judg. 4. 4.
Luke 2. 36.
r Heb. garments,
Neh. 7. 72. --
t Or, in the fecni
part.

s Jer. lj. 28. ch. I,
6. 16.

t Dan. 9. 12. Lev.
26. is— 39- Deut.
28. 15—68. Sc 29.
18—28. Sc 30. 17,
18. & 31. 16—18.
Sc 31.15 — 26. with
¦ch. xxiv. xxv.

U ExoH.32.-34. Jndg,
4-£12-„&4- ',-
Sc 6 1. Sc 10. 6.
I Kin. 9. 6—9. Sc
11. 6. 7. 8. & 14.
22. Jer. ii — xxvi.
xPf. 115. 4-7; If-
z. 8. Jer. 7. 16.
Mic. 5. 13.
y If. 33. 14. Dent.
32. 22. Zeph. I.
16—18.

2 If. 3. 10. & r. ig.
EccJ. 8. 12. Mal.
3. 16.

3 i^am. 24. 5. Pf.
51. 17. jr. 57. 15,
jo. & 66. 2. Lev.
26. 40, 44. Mic.
6.8.

k Ch. 19, 20. & 20.
5-
c r>..-n. 25. 8, TH 57.
1 2. K. 37- 37-
ch. 23. 29, 30.

14 So Hilkiah the prieft, and Ahikam,
and Achbor, and Shaphan, and Afahiah,
went unto Huldah the i prophetefs, the
wife of Shallum the fon of Tikvah, the
fon of Harhas, keeper of the '' wardrobe ;
(now fhe dwelt in Jerufalem + in the col
lege) ; and they communed with her.
15 *f[ And flie faid unto them, 'Thus
faith the Lord God of Ifrael, Tell the
man that fent you to me,
16 Thus faith the Lord, Behold, £ I
will bring evil upon this place, and upon
the inhabitants thereof, even all the words
of the book which the king of Judah hath
read: 1 7 Becaufe they have- u forfaken me,
ahc\ have burned incenfe unto other gods,
that they might provoke me to anger with
all the x works of their hands ; therefore
my wrath- fhall be kindled againft this
place, and fhall not be * quenched.
18 But to the king of Judah, who
fent you to inquire of the Lord, thus
fhall zye fay to him, Thus faith the Lord
God of Ifrael, As touching the words
which thou haft heard ;
19 Becaufe thine a heart was tender,
and thou haft humbled thyfelf before the
Lord, when thou heardeft what I fpake
againft this place, and againft the inhabit*-
ants thereof, that they fhould become a
defblation and a curfe, and haft rent thy
clothes, and Wept bfefore me ; I alfo have
h heard thee, faith the Lord.
20 Behold, therefore, c I will gather
thee unto thy fathers, and thou fhalt be

gathered into thy grave + in peace ; and Bef^^hri"
thine eyes fhall not fee all the evil which tm peace wm, "

I wilhbring upon this- place. And they {J^*™"*"
brought the king word again.
CHAP. XXIII.
Here is ( i ) Jofiah' s progrefs in his reformation j
acquainting himfelf and fubjecls with Gad's law ;
1, 2. (2) Renewing the covenant between God and
them; 3. (3) Cleanfing the temple ; 4. (4) Ex
tirpating idols and reliques of idolatry in the land of
Canaan; 5 — 20: and witches; 24. (5) -Obfer
vation of a folemn paffover; 21—23 : an^ a^ with
great fpirit and vigour; 25. (6) His untimely
death in a battle with Pharavh-necbo, as a token of
the Lord's wrath ftill hanging over the kingdom ;
26-^-30. (7) His fons Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim
fucceed him ; and by their wicked reigns overturn
his reformation, and ripen the kingdom for mifery,
31—37- ND athe king fent, and they ga- 31B2l:ltii:lt
thered unto him all the elders of 2'sam.ti^chr.
Judah and of Jerufalem.
2 And the king went up into the houfe
of the Lord, and b all the men of Judah
and all the inhabitants of Jerufalem with
him, and the priefts, and the prophets,
and all the people both fmall and greats
and he read in their ears all the words of
c the book of the covenant which was c kKi£.*:'3.?!ka''
found in the houfe of the Lord.
3 f And the d king ftood by a pillar, dSg&"j;.
and made a covenant before the Lord, f-'scnil.f^
7 15. Jofh. 14. 15.
toValk after, the Lord, and to keep his %?&¦»*' i2"*:
c commandments^ and his teftimonies, T^X"*'*
and his ftatutes, with all their heart and c emJ. «-»&¦!.
all their foul, to perform the words of fe'l^Sva.
this covenant that Were written in this
book. And all the people f ftood to the flE«.Xi?VS4.
covenant. *'
4 % And the king commanded Hilkiah
the high prieft, and the s priefts of the « ^".-it4""7'

b Neh. 8. 1. 2. Jer,
I. t. Zeph. 1, 1,

Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — God can eafily raife up
eminent patterns of piety in the moft profane family. And fove
reign is the difplay, and abundant the riches, of his grace. It
bodes well when princes begin their cares with the reformation
of religion. And it is extremely honourable when the moft un
tainted honefty prevails in the "management of public funds and'
general affairs. But how dreadful is it when 'die oracles of God
are thruft into corners ! and much more fo when "they are little
known or regarded by thofe who have them daily in their hands!
It is very unbecoming for great men to live ignorant of, and un
concerned about, their Bibles. For the time is at hand when
their contents fhall make the moft carelefs and hardened defpifers
and negletSlers tremble : and God's word, when blefled by his
Spirit, is quick and powerful to the piercing and conviction of

men's confciences. And, When we fee the wrath of God hanging
over our "heads, it is 'full time to think "how to prevent it. "Such
as are under deep convictions, or oppreflive fears, ought to confuk
the Lord's prophets. Holy men or women ate the 'fttte'ft to be
our friends and advifers. And it is a great benefit to courts
when they have heaven's favourites at hand. How dreadful is if,
for a riatioh 'to be loaded with crimes which the Lord .will not
pardon'! Obftinate and wilful finning muft end in remedilefs and
eternal fnifeYy. But it is a great mercy to 'have our hearts early
and deeply affected with the things of Gbd. Such as trenible
under apprehenfions of'God's wrath are in a fair Way to efcape it.
And happy are thofe who, being at peace with God and their own
confeierice, are taken aWay before flie infliction of'.pub'lfc and awful
judgments.

Jofiafrs ual in reforming
scfo« chrw fecon(i order, and the keepers of the door,
to bring forth out of the temple of the

CHAP. XXIII.

his kingdom from idolatries.

h?71.',6.'24cLt Lord all hthe veffels that were made for
34J_7' Baal, and for the grove, and for all the
hoft of heaven : and he burned them
i ver. io. jer. 7. 3i. without Jerufalem ' in the fields of
Kidron, and carried the allies of them
k2i:i unto k Befh-el.
*'2' au'cttotca'c 5 ^nd ^e ' Put down ' tne idolatrous
iHebsaLarim,' priefts, whom the kings of Judah had
hoi. 10. s. zeph. or(ja]necj to Durn hicenfe in the high
plages in the cities of Judah, and in the
places round about Jerufalem ; them alfo
"^ *!£.*£ that burned incenfe unto m Baal, to the
t"cTrtl,^or fun., and to the moon, and to the t planets,,
unftellaticns. ^ tQ ^ jj^ j^jft. Q£ heaVeU.
a cs. 21. 7- 6 ^ncj ne brought out the n grove from
the houfe of the Lord,, without Jerufa
lem, unto the brook Kidron, and burned
it at the brook Kidron, and ftamped it
fmall to powder, and caft the powder
thereof upon the graves of the children
of the people.
7 And he brake down the houfes of
"jj^i'fc W.%. the ° Sodomites that were by the houfe
Deut'i34i7?-5j"<ie of the Lord, where the women wove
7. Rom.,l. 26, 27. , '
vor,fbr;n„,,Ato p hangings for the grove.
8 And he brought all the priefts out of
the cities of Judah, and defiled the high
places where the priefts had burnedMn-
* i^'GetV,!"' cenfe, from q Geba to Beer-fheba, and"
3,1. jndg. 20. 1. |3ra]ce Jown the high places of the gates
that were in the entering in of the gate
of Jofhua the governor of the city, which
W£re on a man's left hand at the gate of
the city.
r.Ver.8.. Mal. 2; 8.
9. i.Sam. 2. 30, 36.
*£*•«¦ 10-14- piaGes came not Up to the altar of the
Lord in Jerufalem, but they did eat of
the unleavened bread among their bre
thren.
' &*t*? "*' l ° And «e -defiled s Topheth, which is '
•in the .valley of the children of Hinnom,
,^ric.8'ch,'i6.e3Ut' 'that no man might make his fon or his
»¦ s». ' K '^ daughter to pafs through the fire to
Molech. 1 1 And he took away the horfes that
the kings of Judah had given to the
•fceM.16. ^ fun, at the. entering in of the, houfe of
the Lord, by the chamber of Nathan-
8

9 Neverthelefs, (the r priefts of the high

Before Chrifl
623.

melech the + chamberlain, which was in
the fuburbs, and burned the chariots of \ 0, eunuch, « #-
the fun with fire.
12 And the altars that were xon the x ?g.1Vj. zepVri.
top ofthe upper chamber of Ahaz, which
the kings of Judah had made, and the
altars which y Manafleh had made in the y?ti"J:".ft
two courts of the houfe of the Lord, did
the king beat down, and H brake them"0"anfr'm '*'««•,
down from thence, and caft the duft of
them into the brook Kidron.
1 3 And the high places that were before
Jerufalem, which were on the right hand
,-,, ,- -i . 1 z That is, the i-.ur.i
of z the mount of corruption, which «/&'«• se=
- *¦ - - . 2Sam. 15. 30.
a Solomon the king -of Ifrael had builded a,K,n. „.7.Ncfl.
for Afhtoreth the abomination of the 13'a£
Zidonians, and for Chemofh the abomi
nation ofthe Moabites, and for bMilcom i>o^MKin.
the abomination of the children of Am
mon, did the king defile.
14 And he c brake in pieces the c lit fff,. &
* images, and cut down the groves, and L'B'20'"J°
filled their places d with the bones 0f*Heb>'""-
¦* d Ver. 36. 20,
men. .
15 f Moreover, ethe altar that was at '&£*,&«&.'
Beth-el, and the high place, which. Jero- S^wLrX*"
boam the fon of Nebat, who made Ifrael
to fin, had made, both that altar and the
high place he brake down, and burned
the high place, and ftamped it fmall to
powder, and burned the grove.
16 And, as Jofiah turned himfelf, he
fpied the fepulchres that were there in the
mount, and fent, and took the bones out
ofthe fepulchres, and f burned /JSt?;#-upon/,KiH¦,3•,'*•
the altar, and polluted it, according to
the word of the Lord which the man of
God proclaimed, who + proclaimed, thefe t.fc*'**"a
words. 1 7 Then he faid, What title is that
that I fee? And the men of the city told
him, // is sthe fepulchre ofthe man s'^'^'-
of Grod, who came from Judah-, and pro- *-'•"'
claimed thefe things that thou haft done
againft the altar of Beth-el.
18 And he faid, Let him alone; let no
man-move his bones. So they let hisbones
h alone, with the bones of the 'prophet h^"K^TT^
that came out of Samaria.

1 1 Mil. I3. II — 32.

19 % And k all the houfes alfo of the k

17. y. i,Ctu. 54.6.

Before Chrift
623.

Jofiah holds a great paffover.
high places that
Samaria, which
made to p
Jofiah took away,
cording to all the
in Beth-el.

II. KINGS.

He is fain: his fms fucceed him.

were in the cities of
wincn the kings of Ifrael had
rovoke the LORD to anger,
and did to them ac-
acf s that he had done

I Or 'acrtfced,ExoA.
%i. 2.0. If. 14. 6.
ch. 10.25.& li.
18, Deut. xiii.
xvii. 1 Kin. 18.
40.

th a 'Chr. 55. 1— 19.
Exod. iz. 3. Deut,
16. z. Lev. zj. 5.
Num. 9. z. 3. &
%%. 16.
n 2 Chr. 35. 7—9.
18, 19. with ;o.

high

20 And he l flew all the priefts of the
places that were there upon the
altars, and burned men's bones upon
them, and returned to Jerufalem.
2 1 % And the king commanded all the
people, faying, m Keep the paffover unto
the Lord your God, as // is written in
the book of this covenant.
22 Surely there was not holden n fuch

TxSi^Ke/0 a paffover from the days of the judges
in every i^eft. ^ ,__.,__., T/.__ _, _ .„ ^ ^

that judged Ifrael, nor in

days

33. lf.8. 19,
* Or ieri

of the kings of Ifrael, nor of the kings of
Judah ;
23 But in the eighteenth year of king
Jofiah, wherein this paffover was holden
to the Lord in Jerufalem.
'^'."'.ieilfS: 24 % Moreover, the ° workers, with
Jch™^"-,. familiar fpirits, and the wizards, and the
* images, and the idols, and all the abo
minations that were fpied in the land of
Judah and in Jerufalem, did Jofiah put
away, that he might perform the words
of the law which were written in the
book that Hilkiah the prieft found in the
houfe of the Lord.
25 And p like unto him was there no
king before him, that turned to the Lord
with 1 all his heart, and with all his foul,

¦pIKin.i;. 5.2Kin.
18. 5. None lo
blamelefs.

q 1 Kin. 2. 4. Mat.
21. 37. Deut. 6. 5
Sc id. 12.

and with all his might,

k cording

to all

t Ch. 24. 4. Sc 22,
13. 17. Jer. 15.
4. & 3. 10.

f Heb. angers

Before Chrift
610.

the law of Mofes ; neither after him arofe
there any like him.
26 % Notwithftanding, r the Lord
turned not from the fiercenefs of his great
wrath, wherewith his anger was kindled
againft Judah, becaufe of all the '•"provo
cations that Manaffeh had provoked him
withal. '
27 And the Lord faid, s I will remove
Judah alfo out of my fight as I have re
moved Ifrael, and will caft off this city
Jerufalem which I have chofen, and the
*„' 4,, houfe of which I faid, l My name fliall

s Ch. 17. 6, 18, 20.
z-i.8cza. 3. Sczc,.
JI. Jer. 3. II. ,8c
15. 4. Deut. 28.
A9— 68. Sc A. 26.
27. 8c 8. 19.
I I Kin. 8. 29. & 9.
$. ch2l. 4. 7.
is See 1 Kin,
I-'*!4;*?!!' be there.
22.45,50. ch. 1;.
£,,**&». 28fuNow

y Ver. 25. Eccl. 8.
14- Sc 9. 1. 2. Pf.
36. 6. Rom. n.
3r- If- S7- J- 2-
Sc 54. 10. Rev, is.
13-
z Ch. 14. 8. II.

$ Or Shallum, a
younger ion.

Jofiah, and all that he did, are they not
written in the book of the chronicles of" "
the kings of Judah ?
29 ^[xIn his days Pharaoh-necho king xjchr0n.3j.ic,
of Egypt went up againft the king of
Affyria to the river Euphrates : and king
Jofiah went againft him : and he y flew
him at Megiddd; when he had z feen
him. 30 And his fervants carried him in a
chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought
him to Jerufalem, and buried him in his
own fepulchre. And "the people of the a\c&r}f.;-%r,
land took * Jehoahaz the fon of Jofiah,
and anointed him, and made him king in
his father's ftead.
31 ^[Jehoahaz was twenty and three
years old when he began to reign ; and he
reigned three months in Jerufalem. And ,
his mother's name was b Hamutal, the bChti's-
daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.
32 And c he did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord, according to all
that his fathers had done.
22 And Pharaoh-necho d put him in
bands at e Riblah in the land of Hamath,
II that he might not reign in Jerufalem ;
and put the land to a tribute of
hjgidred talents of filver -and a talent of* 39.6941-
gold. 34 And Pharaoh-necho made Eliakim
the fon of Jofiah kins in the room of

i.Sc

c Ch. 16. 2. 3,
21. 2—7. 21. 22.

d 2 Chron. 36. 3.
Ezek. 19. 3. 4.
e Num. 34. 11. ch.
25. 6, 20,21. J«.
39. 5, 6. & 52. 10.
Ezek. 47. 17.

§ 3_n " ^ becaufe he
11 reigned.

Jofiah his father, and f turned
to s Jehoiakim, and took Jehoahaz away :

came

to

Egypt*

his namef^-"-ta

E Mar. 1. 11. lChron.
3. 15. 16. 2 Chron.
36.4.
h Jer. 22. 11.

and died

the reft of the ads of

and he
there. 2$ ^[And Jehoiakim1 gave the filver and :lI9^•c',',5•
the gold to Pharaoh ; but he taxed the
land to give the money according to the
commandment of Pharaoh : he exacted
the filver and the gold of the people
of the land, of every one according to
his taxation, to give it unto Pharaoh-
necho. 26 f k Jehoiakim was twenty and five " *«*»¦•* J-*
years old when he began to reign ; and
he reigned eleven years in Jerufalem.
And his mother's name was Zebudah,
the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah.
he did that which was * evil

!7

And

ljer-.il. H-T9-
Sc 26. 20—23. Sc
36.23— 26. 1 Chr.
36.5.

The Chaldeans f rft invade Judea.

CHAP. XXIV.

Jehoiakim fain : Jehoiachin prijo;

ner

BeforeChrift fa ^ fXght Qf the LORD, aCCOl'dlllg tO
" " all that his fathers had done.
CHAP. XXIV.
Still matters rujh headlong unto the deftruSiion of the
kingdom ofjudah. (i) Jehoiakim, whom Pharaoh-
necho, king of Egypt, had placed on the throne, is
fubjecled by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and
feverely corrected for attempting to revolt; and his
ally the king of Egypt is much weakened; I — 7.
(z) Jehoiachin, his fon and fucceffor, is, after three
months, obl'ged to furrender ; and he and his great
men are carried captives to Babylon; 8 — 16.
(3) Zedekiah, brother of Jehoiakim, is made king
by Nebuchadnezzar ; and, by his wickednefs and
treachery, ripens the nation for immediate ruin ;
607. 17^-20.
IN his days a Nebuchadnezzar king of
Babylon came up ; and Jehoiakim
became his fervant three years : then he
turned and rebelled againft him.
2 And the Lord b fent againft him
bands of the Chaldees, and bands of the

599-

a 2 Chr. 36. 6. Jer.
46. 2. ch. 17. 5.
Jer. ze. i. Dan. I.

24,
28. IChr. 36. 9.
Mat. 1. 12. His fa
ther had madehini
rorex ten years
-efore.

b z Chr. 36. 6, 7. If.
10. J, 6. Jer. 51.20
— 23. Ezi-lc. 7.24.
Sc 16. 3(3 — 4;. &
23-"— 35,45— 47-

603.

.17. t
10 — 15. & 22. 16,
17. Jer, 25. 9. Sc
20. 20. Lev. xxvi.
Deut. xxviii.

d Amos 3. 6. If. 10,
5, 6. & 45. 7. Sc

e Ch:23-26,27,Lev ' '.Deut. 4. 26
: 28. 64. Jer

26.33. Deut. 4. 26,
27. Sc 2" '

Syrians, and bands of the Moabites, and
bands of the children of Ammon, and
fent them againft Judah to deftroy it,
c according to the word of the Lord
which he fpake by his fervants the pro
phets. 3 Surely d at the commandment of the
Lord came this upon Judah, to c remove
them out of his fight, ffor the fins of
Manaffeh, according to all that he did;
4 And alfo for the innocent blood that
he fhed ; (for he filled Jerufalem with
innocent blood;) which the Lord would
8 iKin. n. 4,, 43. not pardon.
^fftzl r f 8 Now the reft of the afts of Jehoi-
45i 50. ch, %\. z8. *J \\ mJ
vfsc'lttl'.iTc: akim, and all that he did, are they not
6, 7,^6, 38. sc 20. written -m the book of the chronicles of
the kings of Jndah ?
6 So Jehoiakim h flept with his fathers :

ij. 4.
f Ch. 21. 2—7, 16.
2Chr. 33. 2—9.
ch. 22. 16, 17. Jer,
'5- J-4-

599-
il 2 Chr. 36, 8. Jer.
22.i8,i9.&36.30.

and Jehoiachin his fon reigned in his
ftead. 7 ^f And the king of Egypt ' came not u4£6r.;?;',6'7&
again any more out of his land : for the
king of Babylon had taken from the river
of Egypt unto the river Euphrates all
that pertained to the king of Egypt.
8 ff k lehoiachin was eighteen vears kiChr- !•«>•"«.
1111, • , | i-_1i. 1?I.ZZ.ZA,
old when he began to reign, and he
reigned in Jerufalem three months. And p;
his mother's name was Nehufhta, the
daughter of Elnathan of Jerufalem.
9 And he did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord, ' according to all 1Ch23^
that his father had done.
10 «f[mAt that time the fervants of "S6;^;.
Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came 6"2J'
up againft Jerufalem, and the city n was n\\t'Tzfz\g''
befieged. Evd?'
1 1 And Nebuchadnezzar king of Ba
bylon came againft the city, and his
fervants did befies-e it.
1 2 And Jehoiachin the king of Judah
0 went out to the king of Babylon, he, •£'*£•.£&
and his mother, and his fervants, and
his princes, and his "officers: and the *0r """"*'•
king of Babvlon took him in the eighth
1 r „ \ • " • P Nebuchadnez-
year of phis rc-im. *»¦¦'«• jer. I5. ,.
c D & 52. 2S.
1 2 q And he carried out thence all the q a,. 20. ,7. & „,
•< 14. .If- 39-6-

treafures of the houfe of the Lord, and "Kin-Va^er.
7 20. 5,
the treafures of the king's houfe, and cut .
in pieces r all the veffels of gold which ' j^^f^n**1
Solomon king of Ifrael had made in the
temple of the Lord, as the Lord had
faid. 14 And he "carried away all Jerufalem, *]%.\\t\\l\£$f.
and all the princes, and all the mighty EzekIi-
men of valour, even ten thoufand cap
tives, and all the 'ci-aftfmen and fmiths : ,,ch:,ms.72'.,5'^^•

Rflections upon Chap. XXIfl. — When God's wrath hangs
over our head it is high time to attend to and learn his law ; and
to concur in hearty and cheerful covenanting with God in Chrift.
But it is principally God's love and covenant of grace thatvbinds
men faft to him, not their moft folemn vows and promifes. No
thing tends more to the welfare of princes than their zealous pro
moting of the true knowledge and worfhip of God. But alas !
what fearful abominations may be found among people who have
not entirely abandoned the worfhip of the true God ! And fhame
ful difcoveries of thefe are made whenever reformation is tho
roughly attempted. There is therefore need of much knowledge,
prudence, courage, and zeal, to carry reformation to a proper
pitch. God's promifes and threatenings are all fulfilled at laft.
Vol. I.

notwithftanding the longeft delays. Such as truly covenant with.
God muft not only remove corruptions, but reftore the purity and
ftritSl obfervation of the ordinances of God : and particular regard
muft be had to the exacl: obfervation of the inftituted feal* of his
covenant. God takes a peculiar pleafure to perpetuate their
hopour who have been fincere and adiive for him in their genera
tion. But irreverfible is the doom of nations when once ripened
by wickednefs. Often the beft of princes muft tafte a little of
their cup, efpecially if they attempt to help their ungodly neigh
bours. When thofe who ftood in the gap to retard deferved judg
ments are removed by death, with what tremendous fpeed do thofe
judgments haften to ruin the guilty! And when neither warnings
reftrajn, nor good examples influence, deftrudion is evidently near.
4E

Zedekiah begins his wicked reign.

II. KINGS.

Before Chrift
599-

none remained, fave the u pooreft fort of
«ch. 25,i2. j«. 4o. the people of the land.
xj'S'Lei,., 15 And * he carried away Jehoiachin

jer6'2iZ24-3oz' to Babylon, and the king's mother, and
ver. iz. ch. 15, 17,
28.

*^ «

"the king's wives, and his "''officers, and
ioteunuch,. the mighty of the land, thofe carried he
into captivity from Jerufalem to Babylon.
y-5r£chl82Sw;f 16 And all ? the men of might, «;«*
, am. 13. .9, 2.. £-eveil thoufand, and craftfmen and fmiths
a thoufand, all that were ftrong and apt
for war, even them the king of Babylon
brought captive to Babylon.
%\^l:t]V"' 1 7 % And ' the king of Babylon made
.chr. 3. js- a. Mattanah his father's brother king in his
ftead, and changed his name to Zede
kiah. 1 8 Zedekiah was twenty and one years
old when he began to reign, and he
reigned eleven years >in Jerufalem. And
•ch.ij.jt. his mother's name was a Hamutal, the
daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.
1 9 And he did that which was evil in
bseech.23.37.jor. the fight ofthe Lord, b according to all
24. 8- O m r t
that Jehoiakim had done.
'^"s'.'&eu't.T 20 For c through the anger of the
g7&73?i}-27: Lord it came to pafs in Jerufalem and
Judah, until he had caft them out from
di"'5-".pjov.' his prefence, that Zedekiah d rebelled
againft the king of Babylon.
CHAP. XXV.
For about four hundred and fixty years Jerufalem had
been the refidence of God, the palace of the king, and
joy ofthe whole land. Here is (1) The deftruclion
of it by the Chaldeans ; the city is befieged, famijhed,
and taken; I — 4: the houfes burnt; 8,9: the
wall broken down; IO : the inhabitants carried into
captivity; 11, 12: the king made a miferable pri
foner, and his children murdered before his eyes, and
his eyes then put out; 5 — 7: the principal officers
fain in cold blood; 18 — 21 : the temple burnt; 9 :
and the facred veffels which remained carried to Ba
bylon; 13 — 17. (2) The diftratlion and difperfion
of thofe Jews which were left in the country under
the government of Gedaliah, he being treacheroufly
Refiections upon Chap. XXIV.— By their own means God
infatuates thofe whom in his purpofe or threatening he has marked
out'tfor ruin. Multitudes of wicked men, for their own felflfli
pu'rpdf%,are always ready to execute the threatened vengeance of
God: arid; all re/iftance is vain when God will deftroy. If men
mourn not for -their fathers' iniquities, they fhall fmart for them •
and not one jot or tittle of God's threatenings fhall fail. In a day
of wrath, the vain confidences of finners fhall utterly fail them •
and the mightieft arm of flefh will be a weak fupport againft an
angry God. In his fovereign power he nips wicked pnnces in
7

Jerufalem is befieged and taken,
murdered by Ifhmael, a prince of the blood ; 22—26. Ber°sr^<h'ift-
(3) The enlargement and favour which Evil-mero  — .,
dach Jhewed to king Jehoiachin after he had lain in
prifon thirty-feven years ; 27 — 30.
ND it came to pafs, a in the ninth ^t^ff
year of his reign, in the tenth Z}7; gS£*
month, in the tenth \Hay of the month,
that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon
came, he and all his hoft, againft .Jeru
falem-, and pitched againft it ; and they
built forts againft it round about.
2 And the city was befieged unto the
eleventh year of king Zedekiah. 588'.
3 And on the ninth day ofthe ^fourth b}iZcgf*fi1-
month the famine prevailed in the city,
and there was c no bread for the people '^t^im"'.
- . . ,, x x JO. Ezek. 4. 16,
of the land. ]]' *£&%*]'
4 % And the city dwas broken up, »; f,.VsU?
and all the men of war fled by night by aJerjj9-^j-*g-
the way of the gate between two walls, Jj; ?^"kj,'5,
which is by the king's garden r (now the
Chaldees were againft the city round
about) : and the king went the way toward
the plain.
5 And the army ofthe Chaldees cpur- e tH^u1.1*"
fued after the king, and overtook him in
the plains of Jericho : and all his army
Were fcattered from him.
6 f So they took the king, and brought fJIr2-ek*-I£,y;
him up to the king of Babylon to
Riblah ; and they v gave judgment upon *^;^|'£**
him. 7 And they flew the fons of Zedekiah
before his eyes, and Eput out the eyes of ejee*",^$tj.
Zedekiah, and bound him with fetters of ic^Yo,'*1-5'
brafs, and carried him to Babylon.
8 f And h in the fifth month, on the h}Z.U:&?
feventh day of the month, which is the
nineteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar king
of Babylon, came Nebuzar-adan, + cap- *°"u.'f-'Mr^'
tain of the guard, a fervant of the king
of Babylon, unto Jerufalem :

the bud, and lifts them up, that their fall may be the more ruinous
and miferable. How craftily conquerors weaken the nations
which they purpofe to keep enflaved! But there is no evil in the
city which the Lord hath not done. Hardened indeed muft men
be in wickednefs when the repeated miferies of their fellow tranf
greffors deter them not at all from treading in their fteps. And a
nation is on the verge of ruin when God gives up her rulers to
infatuation ; and when for the fin of a land many and wicked are
the princes thereof.

Jews and their wealth

CHAP. XXV.

carried to Babylon.

llclbre Chrift
588.
i Jer. 7. 14. &37.8.
& 17. 27. & 21. 14.
&52. H.&39.S.
2 Chr. 36. 19. Pf.
79.1,2. &74.7,-8.
Ezek. 7. 2c, 21, &
15.6,7. Sc 16.41.
Sc 20. 47. Sc 22. 18
—22. Sc 24. 4—
—14, 21.
It Jer. 39. 8. & 52.
14. Nell. 1, 3,

I Jer. 52.15, 19. Sc
39,9. ch. 21, i,.
J Heb. fallen away.

tn Jer. 39. ic. &:xl
- — Xliv.

n Ch. 20. 17. Jar. 27,
21, 22. 1 Kin. 7.
15, 23, 27, 47, 50,
Jer. 52. 17—22.
iChr. 4. 11— 18.

t Heb. tii i«(/rj.

o 1 Kin. 7.15, Jer.
52. 21.

t 1 Chr-. .6. 14. ler.
52. 24. Ezra 7. 1,
SJer.2i.i.&29.25 * Heb. thrtfhtU.
i Or eunuch.
t Heb. faw the line's
fa:t. Jer. 52. 25,

9 And ' he burned the houfe of the
Lord, and the king's houfe, and all the
houfes of Jerufalem, and every great mans
houfe burned he with fire.
10 And all the army of the Chaldees,
that were with the captain of the guard,
k brake down the walls of Jerufalem round
about. 1 1 Now the ! reft of the people that
were left in the city, and the * fugitives
that fell away to the king of Babylon
with the remnant of the multitude, did
Nebuzar-adan the captain of the guard
carry away.
1 2 But the captain of the guard left of
m the poor of the land to be vine dreffers
and hufbandmen.
13 5f And nthe pillars of brafs that were
in the houfe of the Lord, and the bafes,
and the brazen fea that was in the houfe
of the Lord, did the Chaldees break in
pieces, and carried the brafs of them to
Babylon. 14 And the pots, and the fhovels, and
the fnuffers, and the fpoons, and all the
veffels of brafs wherewith they miniftered,
took they away.
15 And the fire pans, and the bowls,
and fuch things as were of gold, in gold,
and of filver, in filver, the captain of the
guard took away.
16 The two pillars, " one fea, and the
bafes, which Solomon had made for the
houfe of the Lord ; the brafs of all thefe
veffels was without weight.
1 7 ° The height of the one pillar was
eighteen cubits, and the chapiter upon it
Was brafs : and the height of the chapiter
three cubits ; and the wreathen work, and
pomegranates upon the chapiter round
about, all of brafs: and like unto thefe
had the fecond pillar with wreathen
work. '
1 8 5f And the captain of the guard took
p Seraiah the chief prieft, and Zephaniah
the « fecond prieft, and the three keepers
of the * door :
19 And out of the city he took an
+ officer that was fet over the men of
war, and five men of them that ' were

in

Before Chrift
588.-

tjcr. 25. 9. Amos 2.
13—16. & 5. 27.
Deut. 18, 36, 64.

the king's prefence, who were found
in the city, and the + principal fcribe of toi^r ,/.,„,.
the hoft, who muftered the people of Secretary' of''
the land, and threefcore men of the
people of the land that were found in the
-city :
^20 And Nebuzar-adan captain of the
guard took thefe, and brought them to
the king of Babylon to Riblah :
21 Andthe king of Babylon s fmote s '"¦¦¦¦*¦ &^zy-
them, and flew them at Riblah in the
land of Hamath. So t Judah was carried
away out of their land.
22 f u And as for the people that " &¦£• J-* ;
remained in the land of Judah, whom
Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had
left, even over them he made Gedaliah,
the fon pf Ahikam the fon of Shaphan,
ruler. 23 And, when all the * captains ofthe x See Jcr- 40-"'*'
armies, they and their men, heard that
the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah
governor, there came to Gedaliah to
Mizpah, even Ifhmael the fon of Netha-
niah, and Johanan the fon of Kareah,
and Seraiah the fon of Tanhumeth the
Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the fon of
a Maachathite, they and their men.
24 And Gedaliah ? fware to them,
and to their men, and faid unto them,
* Fear not to be the fervants of the Chal
dees : dwell in the land, and ferve the
king of Babylon, and it fhall be well with
you. 25 But it came to pafs, in the a feventh
month, that Ifhmael the fon of Netha-
niah, the fon of Elifhama, of the feed
« royal, came, and ten men with him, »«****«<«
and 'fmote Gedaliah, that he died, and
the Jews and the Chaldees that were
with him at b Mizpah.
26 And all the people, both fmall and
great, and the captains of the armies,
arofe, and ccame to Egypt : for they- were c jer. 4,. ,7, is. &
afraid of the Chaldees. l8- 68-
27 % And a it came to pafs, in the feven s6j"
and thirtieth year of the captivity ofd
Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth
month, 011 the feven and twentieth day
ofthe month, that e Evil -merodach king c jT,; Uen.'^i":
4 E 2

y Jer. 40. 9. Heb. 6„
16. I Sam. 14. n0
& 10, ij.
z Jer. 27. ii, 17. ¦&
J«. 17, 10.

a Zech. 7. 5. &8,m ;
jer. 40. 13— 16. &

b Not Gen. 31, 49.
Judg. 10. 17. &iu
11. not Join. n. 5.
or 15.38. but Jofh.
18. 2p. 1 Sam. 7.5
—16. Judg. zo\ it
3-

Jehoiachin releafed.

II. KING S.

Before Chrift
562.

* Heb. read things
stiith him.

fGen.41-42. 2 Sam.
g. 7. ch. 24. 12.
Gen. 49. 10. Dan.
I.9.&2.48.& 3.
30.

of Babylon, in the year that he began to
reign, did lift up the head of Jehoiachin
king of Judah out of prifon :
28 And he fpake * kindly to him, and
fet his throne above the throne of the
kings that were with him in Babylon;
29 And f changed his prifon garments:

Before Chrift

The favour fhewn him.
and he did eat bread continually before
him all the days of his life.
30 And his allowance was a continual
allowance given him of the king, a
daily rate for every day, all the days of
his life.

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — How dreadful are the
fruits of fin, in perfons, cities, and nations ! And fearful is the cafe
of thofe in cities which are long befieged, or taken by force. But
no contrivance for fafety will at laft avail them who have con
temned the counfels of God. The final doom of impenitent fin
ners is to be bound with chains of darknefs unto the judgment of
the great day! How terribly the ordinances of God fuffer for the
lin of their attendants ! And woe to that city or kingdom from
which they are removed ! Dreadful is the univerfal overthrow that

furely follows: and men of rank, in the time of fuch public cala
mities, are expofed to the moft diftinguifhed miferies, anfwerable
to their diftinguifhed influence in the finful caufes thereof. But
obferve here how exa&ly the threatenings of God by Mofes and,
the prophets are now fulfilled. Notwithftanding Nebuchadnez
zar's intentions, not a remnant of Jews is. left in the land of
Canaan : and yet, in the very midnight of their captivity, he grants
them a token of their future deliverance.

The FIRST BOOK of CHRONICLES.
This and the following book were probably written by Ezra, the noted reformer, after the captivity. They comprehend a hiftory
of about 3 500 years from the creation till after the Jews returned from Babylon. Their manifeft fcope is to fix the genealo
gies of the Jewifh nation, and to narrate the noted tranfattions of David and his royal defcendants. As the ancient names of
perfons or places are fometimes altered in whole or injbart, and a number of circumftances, not formerly mentioned, inferted,
there is fometimes a feeming, but not a real, contradiction between ifthem and the preceding books', particularly, II. Samuel,
and the two books of Kings. If we are at any lofs to reconcile fome of thefe paffages, let us blame our own weaknefs, but never
the oracles of God. Things relative to thefe mere circumftances might be obvious to the ancient Jews, which are now to us
obfcure or unknown. The firft book contains ( i ) A colletlion of facred genealogy for about 3 600 years from Adam till long
after the captivity, mingled with fome fihreds of hiftory not formerly inferted; i. — ix. This genealogy was of great ufe to
the Jews, who returned from Babylon, to fix them in their refpetlive tribes and families ; ^and is of ufe to us, to manifeft our
Redeemer to be the promifed feed of David, Judah, Abraham, and Eve, according to the flefh. And now that he is come,.
for whofe Jake the regifters were chiefly preferved, no genealogy of the Jews, for more than if 00 years backwards, is in the
leaft to be depended on. (2) A repeated view of the tranflation of the kingdom of Ifrael from Saul to David, and of the-
triumphs of the latter, with feveral additions; x. xi. xii. xviii. xix. xx. (3) An Account of David's fettling the ark at
Jerufalem ; fixing the orders of the priefts, Levites, fingers, porters, and other eccleftaftical officers ; appointing the officers of
his property and trained bands ; of the vaft preparations he made for building the temple ; and the diretlions he gave to Solomon
and others concerning it: moft of which is not before narrated; xiv. — xvii. xxi. — xxix.

Before Chrift
4004.

CHAP. I.
Contains a 'genealogy of about 2300 years ; particularly,
( 1 ) The defcents from Adam to Noah and his fons,
correfpondent to Gen. v. ; 1 — 4. (2) The pofte
rity of Noah's fons, by whom the earth was repeopled
after the food, correfpondent to Gen. x, ; 5 — 23.
(3) The defcents from Shem to Abraham, out of
Gen. xi.; 24 — 27. (4) The pofterity of IJhmael,
and fons of Abraham by Keturah, out of Gen. xxv. ;
2g— 33- (5) The pofterity of Efau and Seir, out
of Gen. xxxvi. ; 34 — 54.
6

A
mech, 4
eth.

DAM1, Sheth, Enofh,
2 b Ken an, Mahalaleel, Jered,
3 c Henoch, Methufelah, La-
Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japh-

5 % c The fons of Japheth ; Gomer,
and Magog, and Madai, and Javan, and
Tubal, and Melhech, and Tiras.

Before Chrift
4004.
a Gen. 5. 1—9.
Luke 3. 38.
b Gen. 5-. ic— 18.
Luke 3. 17.
c Gen. 5. 18— 25-,
Luke 3. 36, 37.
dGen. 5. 32. & if. 1.
1446. t
c Gen. 10. 2. Ezek.
38. 2. & 27. 13-S4-
32. lis. If, 66. 19.

Genealogy and defendants of Noah,

CHAP. I.

Abraham, Ifhmael, and Efau.

Before Chrift
2311.
f Gen. 10. „ ..
27. Ezek. 38. 6. &
17. 14.

13 And n Canaan begat Zidon his firft-

6 And the ffons of Gomer; Afhche-
,3. jer. 5,. naz, and * Riphath, and Togarmah.
7 And the £ fons of Javan; Elifhah,
*osDifha,h. and Tarfliifh, Kittim, and + Dodanim.
s%%lt}iiuk 8 if The h fons of Ham; Cufh, and
,9. From Japheth »
Sg4ar.arT" Mizraim, Put, and Canaan.
grekib,Si 9 And ; the fons of Cufh ; Seba, and
t ot Roinnim. Havilah, and Sabta, and Raamah, and
h Gen. 10.6. Sabtecha. And' the fons of Raamah;
*3+6- Sheba, and Dedan.
i cen. .0. 7. j Q ^n(j Cufh k begat Nimrod : he began
to be mighty upon the earth.
"9°- 1 r And l Mizraim begat Ludim, and
k Gen. 10. 8—10. , 1 t 1 1 •
1 cen. 10. 13,14. Anamim, and Lehabim, and Naphtu-
him, 12 And Pathrufim, and Cafluhim, (of
mDert.-2.23. whom came the Philiftines), and m Caph-
thorim.
oGen. 10.15— 19- Sc
15. 18—21. From
Ham iprang the . I -r r 1
cuaites, figyc- born, and Heth,
tians, and other 7 *
cSit'es"" lhe 1 4 The Jebufite alfo, and the Amorite,
22,90. and the Girgafhite,
15 Aiid the Hivite, and the Archite,
and the Sinite,
1 6 And the Ar-vadite, and the Zema-
a346. rite, and the Hamathite.
o cen. », 21. & 1 1. 17 ^[ The ° fons of Shem ; Elam, and
Asfhur, and Arphaxad, and Lud, and
Aram, and Uz, and Hul, and Gether,
%$£§£¦ and PMefhech.
R^MytiZ's, 18 And 1 Arphaxad begat Shelah, and
Chaldeans, Sy- ,-,,,, -r, F °
ihuis, Arabian, Shelah begat Eber.
S3,i. 19 And unto r Eber were born two
<Gen.io.24.&n. fons: the name of the one was + Peleg ;
1 2 — 14. O *
r cen. 10. 25. becaufe in his days the earth was divided;
jThatis.BiMjin. and his brother's name was Joktan.
2247. 2Q ^ncj s j0ktan begat Almodad, and
« Gen. 10. 26-30. gheleph, and Hazarmaveth, and Jerah,
M00, 21 Hadoram alfo, and Uzal, and Dik-
lah, 22 And Ebal, and Abimael, and Sheba,
23 And Ophir, and Havilah, and
"Thetufi'^aft Jobab. II All thefe were the fons of
of Arabia..
t Luke 3,. 30,. -tt..
Gen. 11, 10 — 12.
11 Gen. n. 14— r8.
Luke 3. 35.
'Luke','.',?-*4' 26 x Serug, Nahor, Terah,
y Cen. 17. 5.
1856.
»Gen.2i.i ,3.&i6. T/1
i*.i5.&2S-u. Ifhmael.

Joktan. 24 if ' Shern, Arphaxad, . Shelah,
25 " Eber, Peleg, Reu,

27 y Abram ; the fame is Abraham.
28 z The fons of Abraham ; Ifaac, and

17. ch. 5. 19.
1870.

f.Or Zifhe. Gen.
36. II. 1700.

29 if Thefe are their generations : *a™%tff
a The firft-born of Ifhmael, Nebaioth ; as«cje».ij. ,3_
then Kedar, and Adbeel, and Mibfam,
30 Mifhma, and-Dumah, Mafia, b Ha- bo,x,j«r. Gen,
dad, and Tema, ls'15'
31 Jetur, Naphifh, and Kedemah.-
Thefe are the fons of Ifhmael". l8J4-
32 if Now the c fons of Keturah, c%°?7.'XVnt?
Abraham's concubine : fhe bare Zimran, %.&&$,]$
and Jokfhan, and Medan, and Midian, %'*?ln~*m'
and Ifhbak, and Shuah. And the fons
of Jokfhan ; Sheba, and Dedan.
23 And the fons of Midian ; Ephah,
and Epher, and Henoch, and Abida, and
Eldaah. * All thefe are the fons of Ke- 'iiSffl!..
•t the north and eaii
t U ra.ll . Parts of Arabia,
and became great
34 if And Abraham begat Ifaac. The "ati^-
d fons of Ifaac ; Efau, and Ifrael. dGen **3*
35 The fons of e Efau ; Eliphaz, Reuel, *»• ' '
and Jeufh, and Jaalam, and Korah. ^,36.9,2,.
36 The fons of Eliphaz ; Teman, and ,79<;*
Omar, fZephi, and Gatam, Kenaz, and Tf™th-eaftbonrdehre
r ' ' ofCanaan.
1 imna, and Amalek. *
^y The fons of Reuel; Nahafh,. Ze
rah, Shammah, and Mizzah.
38 if And the fons of s Seir; Lotan, * ^ZfLlUlt
and Shobal, and Zibeon, and Anah, and Knmin?iii™h
Diftion, and Ezar, and Difhan. Eiau°.ftsp™BOf
39 And the fons- of Lotan ;. Hori, and cir- J9°°-
h Homam : and Timna was Lotan's h.o, H„„an. cen,
fifter. 40 The fons of Shobal; 'Allan, and * °j ^j™. cen.
Manahath, and Ebal, k Shephi, and k 0r $h,fhe. Gen..
Onam. And the fons of Zibeon ; Aiah, 3*"23,
and Anah.
41 The fons. of Anah; Difhon. And
the fons of Difhon; * Amram, and ' %fZim' G'B'
Efhban, and Ithran, and Cheran.
42 The fons of Ezer; Bilhan, and
Zavan, and ""'Jakan.. The fons of Di-n£af"- Cctt-
than; Uz, and Aran* About i9oo,
43 if Now thefe are the kings " that nC"! 10'_
reigned in the land of Edom before any.
king reigned over the children of Ifrael ;
+ Bela the fon of Beor : and the name of f 5$ 'Sr^JiS
1 • • r\- 1 1 I \ before the He-
illS CltV WaS JJinnaban. brews came out
a i 1 Ti 1 i 1 t t 1 of Egypt, and ne---
44 And,, when Bela was dead, Jobab t^Ti^nc-5'
the fon of Zerah of Bozrah reigned in his Slta.^!?
n j feiBon of thccoun-
ltead. uy irom them.
45 And, when Jobab was dead, Hu-

Kings and dukes ofldumea.

»Bbo«teiC8hoo, u\am of the land of the- Temanites
or 1600. reigned in his ftead.
46 And, when Hufham was dead,
Hadad the fon of Bedad, who fmote
Midian in the field of Moab, reigned in
'•his ftead : and the name of his city was
Avith; 47 And, when Hadad was dead, Sam
lah of Mafrekah reigned in his ftead.
48 And, when Samlah was dead, Shau-1
of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his
ftead. 49 And, when Shaul was dead, Baal-
hanan the fon of Achbor reigned in his
ftead. 50 And, when Baal-hanan was dead,
oor^. ce„. <> Hadad reigned in his .ftead: and the
j> or i'«. cen. }6. name of his city was p Pai ; and his
wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter
of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab.
" eLY^r4* 5 l if Hadad died alfo. And the 1 dukes
About 150c. of Edom were ; duke Timnah, duke
Aliah, duke Jetheth,
52 Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke
Pin on,
53 Duke Kenaz, duke Teman, duke
Mibzar, 54 Duke Magdiel, duke Iram. T&efe
are the dukes of Edom.
CHAP. II.
Being come to the regifter of the people deflined til dwell
alone, and not to be numbered among the nations,
we have here, after the names of the twelve fons
of Jacob, or Ifrael, I, 2, a large regifter of the
tribe ofjudah ; not fio much for the honour of David
the king, as for that of Jejus the Saviour. Here
are ( I ) The defcendants of Judah by Ram the fon
of Hezron down to Jeffe the father of David; 3 —
12. (2) The pofterity of Jeffe ; 13 — 17. (3) The
pofterity of Hezron, Judah' s grandfon, by his other
fons, viz. by Caleb, 18 — 20, 42 — 49; by Segub,
21 — 24; by Jerahmeel, 25 — 41 ; and by Caleb,
fon of Hur, and grandfon of the former Caleb, 50- —
54. (4) Some Kenites who dwelt at Jabez; 55.

I. CHRONICLES. Genealogy of Jacob and Judah.
HESE are the fons of * Ifrael

Sc 30.5-24. ft 3 5.
18— 22. 8c Ab, $L
26. &xlix. Exod,
J.I— 5- Num. i. ii,
x. xiii.xxvi.xxxiv.
Ipih.xiii— xxi. ch.

THESE are the fons of 'Ifrael; B™*
a Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and ^u- * o-r /«,*. "~"
dah, Iffachar, and Zebulun, a g^ ^-y^is.
2 Dan, Jofeph, and Benjamin, Naph
tali, Gad, and Afher.
3 if The fons of bJudah ; Er, and Onan, i^I'^'Bil
and Shelah : which three were born unto taek' xlvm-
him of the daughter of Shua the Canaan- ' 1?^'
D b Gen, 58. t— n. &
itefs. And Er, the firft-born of Judah, ?£jz2I-.Num-26"
was evil in the fight of the Lord ; and
he flew him. t?20>
4 And c Tamar his daughter-in-law c Gen. 38.1,-30.
bare him Pharez and Zerah. All the ^'ioV 3' Nuo•
fons of Judah were five.
5 The fons of d Pharez ; Hezron, and £ "• *"«*• *¦'
Hamul. . 1706.
6 And the fons of Zerah ; e Zimri, * °, zm-,. jon,,
f and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, f,Ki„.4. 3,.
and + Dara ; five of them in all. t or iwa.
7 And the fons of Carmi ; * Achar, the * 0r Man-
troubler of Ifrael, who tranfgreffed in the
things accurfed. « 5^ .9.* 7.3
8 And the fons of Ethan ; Azariah. 1680.
9 The fons alfo of h Hezron, that were hK In
born unto him ; Jehrahmeel, and ' Ram
and k Chelubai.
10 And Ram begat Amminadab; and 1630.
Amminadab begat Nahfhon, prince of
\ the children of Judah; ,544#
11 And Nahfhon begat ' Salma, and 1saimon.Ruth4.2r.
Salma begat Boaz, 'J'~ ''
1 2 And Boaz begat Obed, and Obed HI0-
begat Jeffe, _ I30g.
13 m And Jeffe begat his firft-born TI98.
"Eliab, and Abinadab the fecond, and misam. ,6.6-ir.
7 . & 17. 12..
0 Shimma the third, „&»„, ch.27.
14 Nethaneel. the fourth, Raddai the, '*' t
~ ' - 0 Or Shammah.
C. A-V. 1 Sam. 16. 9. or
a-ULli, Shimea. Ch.20.7v
1 5 Ozem the fixth, David the feventh: I086.
16 Whofe fifters were Zeruiah and piSam z i8 &J(
Abigail, p And the fons of Zeruiah; 3c,&>7-*s
Abifhai, and Joab, and Afahei ; three

Luke 3. 24—31.
' s Or Aram. Mat. I. 3.
kOrCiM. Ver. 18.

J 080.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — What ground have all men to
be humble, when they are fprung of Adam, the covenant breaker!
and it is neceffary to love all as our neighbours and brethren, fince
God has made of one blood all nations of the earth. How con
temptible and fhort the years of all generations appear before the
everlafting God ! Quickly men poft into death and eternity: and
fcarcely are they born in God's reckoning when they die. How
marvellous is the.providence of God in keeping up the degenerate
race of mankind in the world, and in fuch equality between the

fexes, amidft fuch a multitude of changes! Remarkably trodden
are the paths of death, though ftill unknown. What multitudes
have gone before us, as there are innumerable that follow: ai^d
how great arid awful will be that affembly in which all the dead,
fmall and great, fhall ftand before God ! Not one exifting, from
the foundation of the world till Chrift's fecond coming, fhall then
be miffing! But of little account with God are all nations in
refpecl: of his chofen people and church. Their genealogy comes
in merely as incidental to that of his favourite family.

Genealogy of Hezron, Jerahmeel,
17 And i Abigail bare Amafa: and
the father of Amafa was Jether the Ifh-
meelite. 18 if And r Caleb the fon of Hezron
begat children of Azubah his wife, and
of Jerioth : her fons are thefe ; Jefher,
and Shobab, and Ardon,
19 And, when Azubah was dead,
Caleb took unto him s Ephrath, who bare
him Hur.
20
c Bezaleel. if And afterward Hezron went in
Machir, the father
of Gilead, whom he !| married when he
was threefcore years old ;. and fhe bare

CHAP. II.

Shefhan, and the two Calebs.

Before Chrift
1080.
a 2Sam. 17. 25. Sc
19. It. &,20. 4—
JO. ch. II. 18.
Jether was an Ifh-
maelite by birth,
and an Ifraelite by
religion.
r Ver. 9.
1650.

6Vcr. 5,50. ch.4. 4-
1630.1580.
t Exod. 31. 2. & 38,

And Hur begat Uri,

and Uri begat

li Num. 27. 1.
|| Heb. lest.

21
to the daughter of

15 ro..

X Num. 32. 41, 4*-
Deut. 3. 14, 15.
Jolh. 13. 30, 31-
Judg. IO. 4.
1451,01:1443.

y Ver. 21,24,42,49
—52. ch. 4. 4, 1 ii
12, 14, &c. To be
Father of a city or
country, is to-be
the father of its
inhabitants,or the
founder or chief
ruler of it.
2 Ch.4. <¦ 2 Sam. 14.
2. Jer. 6. 1.
1650,
2 Ver. 9, 26, 27, 33,
41. 1 Sam. 27. 10.
cc 30. 29.

Jair, who had

1610.

b Ver. 34,3;,

him Segub.
22 And Segub begat
three and twenty cities in the land of
Gilead. 23 And x he took Gefhur, and Aram,
with the towns of Jair, from them, with
Kenath, and the towns thereof, even three
fcore cities. All thefe belonged to the fons
of Machir the * father of Gilead.
24 And, after that Hezron was dead in
Caleb-ephratah, then Abiah, Hezron's
wife, bare him Afher the father of
* fTekoci. 25 if And the fons of 3 Jerahmeel the
firft-born of Hezron were, Ram the firft-
born, and Bunah, and Oren, and Ozem,
and Ahijah.
26 Jerahmeel had alfo another wife,
whofe name was Atarah; fhe was the
mother of Onam.
27 And the fons of Ram, the firft-
born of Jerahmeel, were,- Maaz, and
Jamin, and Eker.
28 And the fons of Onam were, Sham
mai, and Jada.. And the fons of Sham
mai ; Nadab, and Abifhur.
29 And the name of the wife of Abi
fhur was Abihail ; and fhe bare him
Ahban, and Molid.
3,0 And the fons of Nadab ; Seled, and
Appaim: but Seled died without children.
3-r And the fons of Appaim ; Ifhi.
And the fons of Ifhi ; Shefhan. And the
children of b Shefhan ; Ahlah

Before Chrift
1610s.'

J 500.

c Ch. 11. 45,

32 And the fons of Jada the brother of
Shammai ; Jether, and Jonathan : and
Jether died without children.
22 And the fons of Jonathan ; Peleth,,
and Zaza. Thefe were the fons of Je
rahmeel. 34 if Now Shefhan had no fons, but
daughters : and Shefhan had a fervant,
an Egyptian, whofe name was Jarha.
25 And Shefhan gave his daughter to
Jarha his fervant to wife ; and fhe bare
him Attai. i
36 And Attai begat Nathan, and
Nathan begat c Zabad,
2 j And Zabad begat Eptilal, and
Ephlal begaf Obed,
38 And Obed begat Jehu, and Jehu-
begat Azariah,
39 And Azariah begat Helez, and
Helez begat Eleafah,.
40 And Eleafah begat Sifamai, and.
Sifamai begat Shallum,.
41 And Shallum. begat Jekamiah, and
Jekamiah begat Elifhama..
4.2 if. Now the fons of J Caleb the <*ver.9,,8;.
brother of Jerahmeel were, Mefha his l63°-
firft-borav who was the father of Ziph ; M|f~r*
and the fons of Marefhah the father of /.^{StSs,
W*- becaufe their po»
Hebron, fS peoplci
43 And the fons of Hebron; Korah,
and Tappuah, and Rekem, and Shema.
44 And Shema begat Raham, the
father of Jorkoam i and Rekem begat
Shammai. 45 And the fon of Shammai was>
Maon : and Maon was the father of
Beth-zur.. 46. And Ephah, Caleb's, concubine,
bare Haran, and Moza, and Gazez : and
Haran begat Gazez.
47 And the fons of Jahdai r Regem,
and Jotham,, and Gefhan, and Pelet, and
Ephah, and Shaaph..
48 Maachah,. Caleb's concubine,, bare 1540-
Sheber, and Tirhanah.
49: She bare alfo Shaaph the father of
Madmannah, Sheva the father of Mach-
benah, and the father of Gibeah :. and
the daughter of Caleb was e Achfa;. e-N0tj4a.1j.j7.
50 if Thefe were the fons-of Caleb the **&'

Genealogy of David? s family I. CHRONICLES.
Before chrift fa 0f pj^ tne firft-born of f Ephratah ;
fos-EflrathAzt.ie,. Shobal the father of Kirjath-jearim,
5i

^it/W <jW -g^^* ^ captivity.

Salma the father of s Beth-lehem,

g See Gen. 35. 19.
Rutin. T,z. Judg. .
&,98',&mi7c'5'J: Hareph the father of Beth-gader
Mat.,,, 6. _ And Shobal the father of
h Or Reads. Ch.
4.2.
|| Or half of the Me-
vuchites, or Harfi-
ham-meiniih.th.
LVer. 52. Jofli. 9. 17.

52 And snoDai tne ratner or Kirjath-
jearim had fons ; h Haroeh, a?id H half of
fhe Manahethites.
^2 And the families of ' Kirjath-jea
rim ; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and
fhe Shumathites, and the Mifhraites : of
them came the Zareathites, and the
Efhtaulites. 54 The fons of Salma ; Beth-lehem,
*?f*iaf'th\Z,ifc and the Netophathites, * Ataroth, the
houfe of Joab, and half of the Manahe
thites, the Zorites.
55 And the families of k the fcribes
which dwelt at Jabez ; the Tirathites, the
Shimeathites, and Suchathites. Thefe
ijudg.i.i6.&4.n. are the ' Kenites that came of Hemath,
the father of the houfe of m Rechab.

k Jer. 8. 8. Ezra 7. 6.

m Jer. 35. 2
10.15,23.

CHAP.

III.

No family in Ifrael was fo illufirious as that of king
David. Here is an account (i) Of his fons; i — 9.
'(2) Of his fucceffors while the kingdom of Judah
¦continued; 10 — 16. (3) Of the remains of his fa
mily in and after the captivity; 17 — 24.

About 1055.

N<

OW thefe were the fons of David,
which were born unto him in
a 2 sam. 3. 2. & Xiii. Hebron ; the firft-born a Amnon, of Ahi-
bjom.15.56. 1 sam. noam the b Jezreelitefs ; the fecond,
c Daniel, of Abigail the Carmelitefs ; |
2 The third,. d Abfalom the fon of
Maachah the daughter of Talmai king of
Gefhur; the fourth, e Adonijah the fon
of Haggi th ;
3 The fifth, Shephatiah of Abital; the
fixth, Ithream by f Eglah his wife.
4 'Thefe fix were born unto him in
Hebron; and B there he reigned feven

25- 4!
c Or Chileah. 2 Sam,

d 2 Sam. 13. 20—29,
xiv. — xviii.

c i Kin. i. ii.

f 2 Sam. 3. j. His
beloved wife.

.&j.

g 2 Sam. 2. 1
5. 1 Kin. 2. II,
ch. 29. 27.
About 1048.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — Great were the blemifhes of
the firft four fathers of the Hebrew tribes : and yet two of thefe
tribes are chofen to the diftinguifhed honours of priefthood and
royalty; and the laft of thefe to produce an incarnate God. — Not
of works, left any man fhould boaft ! The moft diftinguifhed fin
ners are often rendered the moft remarkable monuments of his
faving grace,, or of ufefulnefs in the church! And often the fami
lies, which God intends for uncommon honours, are firft difho-
noured with the vileft charadlers, and marked with diftinguifhing
ftrokes of wrath. How rare is it to find four brothers in a family
all famed for wifdom and grace ! — But frequent enough to find fa-

years and fix months ; and in Jerufalem
he reigned^ thirty and three years.
5 h And thefe were born unto him in
Jerufalem ; i Shimea, and Shobab, and
Nathan, and Solomon; four; ofkBath-
fliua the daughter of l Ammiel :
6 Ibhar alfo, and m Elifhama, and
Eliphelet, 7 And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Japhia,
8 And Elifhama, and n Eliada, and
Eliphelet ; nine.
9 Thefe were all the fons of David,
beiide the fons of the concubines, and
0 Tamar their fifter.
10 if And Solomon's fon was p Re
hoboam, * Abia his fon, Afa his fon,
Jehofhaphat his fon,
1 1 Joram his fon, r Ahaziah his fon,
Joafh his fon,
1 2 Amaziah his fon, s Azariah his fon,
Jotham his fon,
13 c Ahaz his fon, Hezekiah his fon,
Manaffeh his fon,
"14 Amon his fon, Jofiah his fon.
1 5 And the fons of Jofiah were, the
firft-born Johanan, the fecond u Jehoia
kim, the third x Zedekiah, the fourth
y Shallum.
s 1 6 And the fons of z Jehoiakim ; * Je-
coniah his fon, b Zedekiah his fon.
1 7 if And the fons of Jeconiah ; Affir,
c Salathiel his fon,
1 8 Malchiram alfo, and Pedaiah, and
Shenazar, Jecamiah, Hofhama, and Ne-
dabiah. 19 And the fons of Pedaiah were; d Ze
rubbabel, and Shimei : and the fons of
Zerubbabel; Mefhulkm, and Hananiah,
and Shelomith their fifter :
20 And Hafhubah, and Ohel, and

Before Chrift
about 1048.

h 2 Sam. 5. 14— ,5,
ch. 14. 3-7.
i Or Shammutr,
JSam. s, i4. crl,
14-4-
k Or Bathfbeha.
2 Sam, ji, .
lOrHia, 2 Sam.
11. 3. IO33.
m Or £/!>„,,. 2 Sam.
5- 15- ch. 14. 5.
n Ot Beelictda, Ch,
J4-7.

0 2Sam. 13. 1— 19,
J0l6.
p Mat. I. 7— ,6,
J Kill. n. 4,. &
JJ. 6, 24.CV22.
41, 50.
tt Or Abijam. I Kin,
IJ. I. 021.
r Or Ascariah, or ^
Jehoahaz. 2 Chr.
22.6. i-21. 17. &
24. I. & 2J. I.

s Or Uxxiah. 2 Kin,
IJ. 1, 38.
762.
t 2 Kin. 16. 1,10. &
21. 1, 19, 26.

665.
635.

u Or Elialim. 2 Kin,
»3- 34-
X Or Mattaniah.
2 Kin. 24. 17.
y Qr Jehoahax.
2 Kin. 23. 30.
2 Chr. 36. 1. Jet.
22. 11.
z Mat. 1. 11.
a Or Jehoiachin.
2 Kin. 24.-6. or Cf
niah. Jer. 22. 24.
Mat. 1. 12.
b 2 Kin. 24.17. Be.
ing his luccelfsr.
c Heb. Sheetlticl.
Mar, 1. 12,
570.
dEzrasi.2.&3.l.& 5.2. Hag. 1.1,12,
14. Sc 2. 2, A, 21,
23. Zech. 4. 6, 9.
Mat. 1. 12. Luke
3. 27. It feems
Pedaiah adopted
him, or became
his iathcr-in-law.

milies almoft defolated by the fword. God takes peculiar pleafure
to exalt the low, and abafe that which is high. David, the youngeft
fon of Jeffe, is raifed to the throne. — Even fo Father, becaufe fo it
feemed good in thy fight ! By what iriconteftable fovereignty God
orders the condition of families, giving or. withholding children,
or of this or that fex, as it pleafeth him ! Let all therefore learn, in
whatever ftate he places them, to be therewith content. Let
parents learn rather to marry their children to pious fervants than
to the ungodly rich. And let thofe, who, like the Kenites, join
God's people in their warfare, expect to dwell with .them in their
Canaan above.

Before Chrift
5 Jo'.

< Zm 1. 1-

* Heb. Hexkijahu
430.

Genealogy ofjudah by Shobal,
Berechiah, and Hafadiah, Jufhab-hefed ;
five. 2 1 And the fons of Hananiah ; Pela-
tiah, and Jefaiah : the fons of Rephaiah,
the fons of Arnan, the fons of Obadiah,
the fons of Shechaniah.
22 And the fons of Shechaniah ;
Shemaiah : andthe fons of cShemaiah;
Hattufh, and Igeal, and Bariah, and
Neariah, and Shaphat ; fix.
23 And the fons of Neariah ; Elioenai,
and '* Hezekiah, andAzrikam; three.
24 And the fons of Elioenai were,
Hodaiah, and Eliafhib, and Pelaiah, and
Akkub, and Johanan, and Dalaiah, and
Anani ; feven. C H A P. IV.
Contains ( 1 ) A further genealogy of the tribe of Ju
dah ; viz., The pofterity of ' Shobal, the fon of Hur,
and grandfon of Car mi, Chelubai, or Caleb; I — 4 :
a Of Afhur, a poft humous fon of Hezron, [chap. 2,
24.] ; and with a hint of the remarkable piety and
profperity of Jabez, a fion of Aharhel ; 5 — 10: 3 Of
Cbelub, brother of Shuah ; 1 1— 20 : 4 Of Shelah,
third fon of Judah ; 21 — 23. (2) An account of
the pofterity of Simeon and their habitations, and of
their conqueft of Gedor, and of the Amalekites who
dwelt in mount Seir; 24 — 43,
THE fons of Judah ; a Pharez, Hez
ron, and b Carmi, and Hur, and
Shobal. 2 And c Reaiah. the fon of Shobal
begat Jahath ; and Jahath begat Ahumai,
and Lahad. Thefe are the families of
the d Zorathites.
3 And thefe were of the father e of
Etam; Jezreel, and I fh ma, andldbafh:
and the name of their fifter was Hazelel-
poni, 4 And Penuel the father of f Gedor,
and Ezer the father of Hufhah. Thefe
are the fons of g Hur, the firft-born of
Ephratah, the father of Beth-lehem.
. 5 if And h Afhur the father of Tekoa
had two wives, Helah and Naarah.

CHAP. III. IV-

Afhur, Chelub, and Caleb*

Before Chrifl
1720.

S7Z0.
sGen. 36. 29.CV46,
12.
* Or ChihAai. Ch.
£.9. or Caleb. Cl\.
2.18.
t't>r Hunch. Ch. *',
5*-

4 Jo*. 15.33, Judg.
It. at.
*t Chr. 11. 6. Judg.
IJ. IJ.

f Ver. 18, 39. Jolh.
15. 36,58. ch. 12.7.

ijro.
Ver. is. Prov. la.
26. Ads 17. 11. IC
43- e,.

r *Thati,,Sorr»=)/ur.
Ic Gen. 3. 16. ch. 7.
23-

m Pf. exii. cxviii. &
72. 17. Eph. i. j,
n Pf. 127. 1. Prov.
10. 22.

t Heb. do me.

oPf. 65.2. Sc zi. 4,
&91. 15. If. 58. 9.
Sc-6c.za. &30.19.
Job 22. 27, 28.-
Pf. 19. 15. Mat. 7.
7. Eph. 3. aa.

g Ch. 2. 50.

h Or Afher. Ch. z.
z4.-vcs.6- 8.

6 And Naarah bare him Ahuzam, and
Hepher, and Temeni, and Haahalhtari.
Thefe were the fons of Naarah.
7 And the fons of Helah were, Zereth,
and Jezoar, and Ethnan.
8 And Coz begat Anub, and Zobebah,
and the families of Aharhel the fon of
Harum. 9 if And Jabez was ' more honourable '
than his brethren : and his mother called
his name * Jabez, faying, Becaufe k
bare him with forrow.
10 And Jabez l called on the God of'^'ffff
Ifrael, faying, + Oh that thou wouldeft f&c.';"
m blefs me indeed, and "enlarge my coaft,
and that thine hand might be with me,
and that thou wouldeft + keep me from
evil, that it may not grieve me ! And
God ° granted him that which he re-
quefted. 11 if And Chelub the brother of
Shuah begat Mehir, who was the father
of Efhton.1 2 And Efhton begat Beth-rapha, and
Pafeah, and Tehinnah the father of
II Irnahafh.* Thefe are the men of Re-
chah. 13 And the fons of Kenaz; p Othniel, pif ^^
and Seraiah : and the fons of Othniel ;
#rr , I .1 * Or Hathath and
riatnatn. Memethai, who
14 And Meonothai begat Ophrah: and
Seraiah begat Joab, the father of the
t valley of * Charafhim ; for they were +£^;t,nts^
craftfmen. tor ¦«»/«.«.
15 And the fons of Caleb ithe fon of ^^I'st'zfit
Jephunneh; Iru, Elah, and Naam: and Jfebit
the fons of Elah ; " even Kenaz.
16 And the fons of Jehaleleel; Ziph,
and Ziphah, Tirea, and Afareel.
1 7 And the fons of Ezra were, Jether,
and Mered, and Epher, and Jalon : and
fhe bare Miriam, and Shammai, and
Ifhbah the father of Efhtemoa.

I Ot the ciff-of Nac

II Or VhtaK. I49O.

Father ftill denotes
the founder or
planter of a chy.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — Even good men may have
-Wge families with little appearance of piety or wifdom among
moft of them, while there is plenty of croffes : and often children
die and leave their names to others. But it is highly becoming
when we fo love our reprovers, and efpecially our Qod, as to com
memorate them * in the names of our children. What diftinguifhed

refpedT: God pays to his proitiife, and to the noted piety of his fer
vants! Never perhaps, but in David's family, did a crown go di
rectly from father to fon for feventeen generations ! But great in
deed is our mercy that we now have Jefus, the King eternal, im
mortal, and invifible, to complete and crown the lift.

* David called one. of his Ions Nathen; and many of them had Ell (My Cod) in their names.
Vol. I.

4F

I. CHRONICLES.

Genealogy, habitations, and
1 8 And his wife r Jehudijah bare Jered
the father of s Gedor, and Heber the father.
of Socho, and Jekuthiel the father of Za
noah. And thefe are the fons of Bithiah
the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered
took. 1 9 And the fons of his wife l Hodiah,
the fifter of Naham, the father of Keilah
the Garmite, and Efhtemoa the Maacha-
thite. -
20 And the fons of Shimon were,
Amnon, and Rinnah, Ben-hanan, and
Tilon, And the fons of Ifhi were, Zoheth,
and Ben- zoheth.
if The fons of Shelah u the fon of

exploits, ofthe Simeoniien

Before Chrift
H9C-
r Or the Jcvsefl.
Ver. 19,
s Ver. 4, 39.

About 1200.

t Or Jehudijah, men
tioned btfo.e.
Vst. 18.

31 And atBeth-tnarcaboth, andeHa-
zar-fufim, and at Beth-birei, and at Sha-
Thefe were their cities unto -the

araim. reign of David.
32 And their villages were

Before Chrift
'444-
e Or Haxarfis'ati,
Jolh. 19. 5. "

ix Gen. 38. 1, 5.
Num. 26. zo.

21

j 700.

f Or as they divided
them elves by na
tions among tbcm-*

IO40.

Now they were de
bafed and impo-
veriihed.

y Or Jemuel. Gen.
46. 10. Exod. 6.15,
Num. 26. 12 — 14.
* Or Jathin.
V. Or Zohar. Gen.
46. ic.

Judah were, Er the father of Lecah, and
Laadah the father of Marefhah, and the
families ofthe houfe of them that wrought
fine linen, of the houfe of Afhbea,
22 And Jokim, and the men of Cho-
x perhaps in David-s zeba, and foafh, and Saraph, who x had
time. 2 Sam. 8. 2. ' . . J . _ ' f ' .
the dominion in Moab, and Jafhubi-lehem.
And thefe are ancient things.
23 Thefe were the potters, and thofe
that dwelt among plants and hedges:
there they dwelt with the king for his
work. 24 if The fons of Simeon were, ? Ne
muel, and Jamin, * Jarib, z Zerah, and
Shaul :
25 Shallum his fon, Mibfam his fon,
Mifhma his fon.
26 And the fons of Mifhma ; Hamuel
his fon, Zacchur his fon, Shimei his
fon. 27 And Shimei had fixteen fons and
fix daughters; but his brethren had not
¦many children, neither did all their fa-
Gen.49. mily multiply, * like to the children of
Judah. 28 And they b dwelt at Beer-fheba, and
Moladah, and Hazar-fhual,
29 And at c Bilhah, and at Ezem, and
at d Tolad.
30 And at Bethuel, and at Hormah,
and at Ziklag.

a Heb. unto. 1
7 — 10. Num.1 ,
27. Sc 26. 14, 22.
Prov. 17. 6.
b Jolh. 19. 2—8.

1444.
c Or Balah. Jofh.
19.3.
a Or Elteletd. Jofh.

19.

IO48.
, . , f Etam, and fori*,, jou,.
Ain, Rimmon, and Tochen, and Afhan;
five cities:
22 And all their villages that were
round about the fame cities, unto BBaal. s°Ji"igh^"r•
Thefe were their habitations, and + their
genealogy. 34 And Mefhobab, and Jamlech, and
Jofhah the fon of Amaziah, '
2$ And Joel, and Jehu the fon of Jofi-
biah, the fon of Seraiah, the fon of Aliel,
36 And Elioenai, and Jaakobah, and
Jefhohaiah, and Afaiah, and Adiel, and
Jefimiel, and Benaiah,
3 7 And Ziza the fon of Shiphi, the fon
of Allon, the fon of Jedaiah, the fon of
Shimri, the fon of Shemaiah.
28 Thefe h mentioned bv their names h »*. ™n,„j.s,
J . - .;. , names. Gen. 6. 4.
were princes in their families: and the chsl4-
houfe of their fathers increafed greatly.
39 if And they went to the entrance
of ' Gedor, even unto the eaft fide of the
valley, to feek pafture for their flocks.
40 And they found fat pafture and
good; and the land was wide, and quiet,
and peaceable : for they of k Ham
dwelt #iere of old.
41 And thefe written by name came
in the days of ' Hezekiah king of Judah, '
and fmote their tents, and the habitations
that were found there, and deftroyed them
utterly unto this day, and dwelt in their
rooms: becaufe there was pafture there
for their flocks.
42 And fome of them, even ofthe fons
of Simeon, five hundred men, went to
m mount Seir, having for their captains miGe"- 36- sumt.
Pektiah, and Neariah, and Rephaiah, and ,00111715.
Uzziel, the fons of Ifhi.
43 And they fmote the reft of the
" Amalekites that were efcaped, and dwelt
there unto this day.

i Perhaps not ttat
Jofh. 15. 36, 58.
vcr.4,l8.ch.i2.7. About 710.

V, o A k-Cen. tf.z4.Sct4,
UdU 5-7. pf. ,8. 51.

2lfin. xviiWiw.
2 Chr. sdxx.— -
xxxii.

n 1 Sam. 15. 8. ci 27.
8. & 30. 16, 17.
2 Sam. 8. 12 Exod.
17, 14, 16. Deut.
24. 17—19.

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — How often have parents moft
comfort in thofe children from whom they at firft expected leaft of
it! What honour doth learning, and efpecially piety, put upon
men ! But it is a angular mercy to have a new covenant God to

addrefs in our prayers. To fet out in the world with much earneft
fupplication to God is a hopeful beginhing ; and the moft exten
five and fubftahtial bleffings may boldly be afked at his throne of
grace, who takes pleafure in hearing and anfwering the fervent

Genealogy, dwelling's, and exploits, of CHAP. V. the Reubenites, Gadites, and Manaffites.

Before Chrift
1 710.

CHAP.

V.

a Cen. 29. 32. Sc if).
3, 4. Exod. 6, 14.
Num. 26. 5.

hGen. 35.22. ScAfs.
4. & 48. 15, 22.
j Cor. 5. I. Prov.
J4- 34-

-c Gen. 49. 8, 10.
z Sam. 7. 8—13.
Mic. 5. 2. Mat. 2.
6. Heb. 7. 14,

ct Or prince. Num.2.
3.&10.14. 2Sam.
8.1$. 1 Tim. 6. IJ.
Rev. 5. 5. Sc 17.
24. Sc 19. 16.'"
e Gen. 46. 9. Exod.
6. 14. Num. 26. 5

TorTijtaJ-/*?,-. 2'Kin. 15. 29.' Sc
16.7. 740-

8 Vet. 17,

h Or Shetiwab.
Vet. a.
i Jolh. 13. 15, 23.
Num. 32. 37, 38.
Deut.j. 11, 16,17.
Jer. 48. 19—24,
Szclt. 25. 9.

lofic.

Contains an account ( 1 ) Of the Reubenites ; why they
loft their birthright; — who were their principal
chiefs ; — and how they feized4he territory of the Ha-
garites; 1-^10. (2) Of the Gadites and their
refidence; 11 — 17. (3) Of the eaftern half tribe
of Manaffeh; 18 — 23, 24. (4) How thefe three
tribes conquered the Hagarites; 18 — 22. (5) How
they were all firft conquered and captived by the
Affyrians, becaufe of their apoftafy from God ;
25 — 26.
NOW the fons of Reuben the a firft-
born of Ifrael, (for he was the firft-
born ; but, forafmuch as he b defiled his
father's bed, his birthright was given unto
the fons of Jofeph the'fon of Ifrael:- and
the genealogy is not to be reckoned after
the birthright.
2 For c Judah prevailed above his bre
thren, and of him came the chief d ruler,
but the birthright was Jofeph's.)
3 The fons, I fay, of c Reuben the
firftborn of Ifrael, were, Hanoch, and
Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
4 The ions of Joel; Sbemaiah his fon,
Gog his fon, Shimei his :'?a,
5 Micah his fon, Rc-aia his fon, Baal
his fon,
6 Beerah his fon, whom f Til gath- pil-
nefer king of Affyria carried away captive:
he was prince of the Reubenites.
7 And his brethren by their families,
when the g genealogy of their generations
was reckoned, were fhe chief, Jeiel and
Zechariah, -8 And Bela, the fon of Azaz, the fon
of h Shema, the fon of Joel, who dwelt
in ' Aroer, even unto Nebo and Baal-
meon: 9 And eaftward he inhabited unto the
entering in of the wildernefs from the
river Euphrates : becaufe their cattle were
multiplied in the land of Gilead.
10 And in the days of Saul they made

Before Chrift
1060.

war with the k Hagarites, who fell by
their hand : and they dwelt in their tents k cen. 2,. 9. ,er. "
* throughout all the eaft land of Gilead. fff' „,
O * Heb. upon all the
11 if And the children of Gad dwelt fa"^'h""J>-
over againft them, 'in the land of Bafhan ^itul;";^
untoSalcah: £&J£.N",i
12 Joel the chief, and Shapham the
next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bafhan.
13 And their brethren of the houfe of
their fathers were Michael, and Mefliul-
lam, and Sheba, and Jorai, and Jachan,
and Zia, and Heber; feven.
14 Thefe are the children of Abihail
the fon of Huri, the fon of Jaroah,. the
fon of Gilead, the fon of Michael, the fon
of Jefhifhai, the fon of Jahdo, the fon of
Buz; 15 Ahi the fon of Abdiel, the fon of
Guni, chief of the houfe of their fathers.
1 6 And they dwelt in Gilead in Bafhan,
and in her towns, and in all the fuburbs
of m Sharon, upon t their borders. mzChk%X g|£
1 7 All thefe were reckoned bv srenea- Aa^-l^seveTai
fogies in the days of n Jotham king of namc-
Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam king t"'v^'
of Ifrael . n )*%'& s- **• &
18 if The fons of Reuben, and the dr. 790. or 750.
Gadites, and half the tribe of Manaffeh,
1+ of valiant men, men able to bear buck- tHeb,f'""/va
ler and fword, and to fhoot with bow,
and fkilful in war, were four and forty
thoufand feven hundred and threefcore,
that went out to the war.
19 And they made war with the Ha
garites, with ° Jetur, and Nephifh, and ° chn;.Y,.H' ,s"
Nodab. 20 And they were p helped againft. P^f^"f''
them ; and the Hagarites were delivered
into their hand, and all that were with
them ; for they cried to God in the battle,
and he was entreated of them, becaufe
they put their truft in him.

Perhaps about
Soo.

a. Chr. 14. 11.
Rom. 8. 31. Heb.
*3- S» 6.

H Heb- ltd taptivt,
q Num. ji. %%— 15*

21 And they "took away s their cattle: i&^i-^eus.

Job i. 3. Sc AZ. 12.
'" t. 3. 4. 'De'
Sc 20. 14.

prayers of faith. They that wait upon him fhall renew their
ftrength, and be prote&ed from all their enemies. How differ
ently God difpofes of men in refpecl of their callings and ftations
on earth ! He advances them to honour and power, or degrades
them to the meaneft employments, as feemeth good in his fight.
This world is a changing fcene : nothing fubftantial or enduring is
to be expected in it. Let it quicken our diligence to fecure a bet-
<er^ where our dignity will be fecure, without variableness or fha

dow of turning. Behold how God rewards the Simeonites, who
cleaved to the family of David ! They are providedwith new habi
tations ; when their brethren, who joine'd the kingdom of Ifrael,
are carried into captivity. If I firmly adhere to God and my duty,
he will always provide for me what I need ; and that which appears
an afflictive feparation fhall at laft prove a comfortabie deliverance.
But the curfe of God fhall hunt out the finners, as it did the
Amalekites, till they are utterly deftroyed.
4Fa-

The genealogy of Manaffeh,

I. CHRONICLES.

and ofthe high prieft.

Before Chrift
800.

of their camels fifty thoufand, and of
fheep two hundred and fifty thouf nd,
and of affes two thoufand, and of r men
an hundred thoufand.
.22 For there fell down many flain,
s lC3h,!'r£i',4.7s: becaufe the war was 5 of God. And they
Prov.2.;o7 dwdt -m their fteads until t the captivit}r>
t 2 Kin. 17. 6. or 15. ill -ii r . 1 sr
29. ver. 26. 2^ ^r Anc\ the children of the half
tribe of Manaffeh dwelt in the land :
jofc.n^ctthey increafed from Bafhan u unto Baal

r Heb. fouls of men
as Num. 31. 35.

11 Deut. 4»-. ftfix^sT hermon and Senir, and unto mount

89. 11. &133. 3-

X Heb. men of names.
Gen. 6. 4. ch.4.38.

y Deut. 31.16, 29. &
32. 15 — 21. Judg.
2. 12, 17, 19.
2 Kin. 17. 7 — 17.
Hof. iv — xiii.
E'ielc. xvi. XX.
xxiii.

Z2Sam. 24.1. aKin.
25.19,29. & 17.6.
II. 10. 5, 6.
770. 740.

a Places in Affyria
and Media. 2 Kin.
»7.6. &18. 11. &
- 19. II.

Hermon. 24 And thefe were the heads of the
houfe of their fathers ; even Epher, and
Ifhi, and Eliel, and Azriel, and Jeremiah,
and Hodaviah, and Jahdiel ; mighty men
of valour, x famous men, and heads of
the houfe of their fathers.
25 % And they y tranfgreffed againft
the God of their fathers, and went a
whoring after the gods of the people of
the land, whom God deftroyed before
them. 26 And the God of Ifrael1 ftirred up
the fpirit of Pul king of Affyria, and the
fpirit of Tilgath-pilnefer king of Affyria,
and he carried them away, even the
Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half
tribe of Manaffeh, and brought them unto,
Hakh, and Habor, and Hara, and to the
river Gozan a, unto this day.
CHAP VI.
Contains a regifter of the Levites, whom God, perhaps
for Mofes fake, had fet apart for himfelf. We have
(1) Their pedigree, including an account of their
principal anceftors; I — 3: and of the fucceffion of
the priefthood from Aaron to the Chaldean captivity ;
4—15,50 — 53: and of fome other families ; parti
cularly of Hernan a defendant of Samuel, Afaph,
and Ethan, or Jeduthun, chief muficians ; 16 — 30,
33 — 47. (2) Their work; — of the fingers, 31 —
32; of the Levites, 48 ; and priefts, 49. {f) Their

habitations, ;-~of the priefts, 54 — 56, 655 ofthe Befj£^""ft
other Kohathites, 61, 66— yo; of the Gerfhonites,  !— _
62, 71—76; and of the Merarites, 63, 77— -81.
T^HE fons 0f Levi. ,b Gerfhon, Ko- "Sfcft&M: ch. 23. 6. ver. 16.
b Or Gerfhom. Ver.
16, 17, 20.
c Exod. 6. 18, ch, 23,

d Exod.'6. 20. & 15^
20. ch, 23. 13.

e Lev. 10. 1, 12.
J Exod. 28. 1. ch,
24. 1, 2. Num. t&
BO, 61. & 3.. 2,4,

1400.

1300.

JL hath, and Merari.
2 And the fons of c Kohath ; Amram,
Izhar, and Hebron, and Uzziel.
3 And A the children of Amram ;
Aaron, and Mofes, and Miriam. The
e fons alfo of Aaron ; Nadab, and Abihu
Eleazar, and Ithamar.
4 ^f f Eleazar begat Phinehas, Phinehas ^zT^kllfi
begat Abifhua,
5 -And Abifhua begat Bukki, and
Bukki begat Uzzi,
6 And Uzzi begat Zerahiah, and Ze-
rahiah begat Meraioth,
7 Meraioth -begat Amariah, and Ama-
riah begat Ahitub,
8 And s Ahitub begat Zadok, and Zadok ^-^gjfc
begat Ahimaaz,
9 And Ahimaaz begat Azariah, and
Azariah begat Johanan,
.10 And h Johanan begat Azariah, (he ^SSEfti*
it is 'that executed the prieft's office * in iichr.26.17-M.
the k temple that Solomon built in Jeru- *K
falem,) 1 1 And Azariah begat Amariah, and 8o0'
Amariah begat Ahitub,
12 And Ahitub begat Zadok, and
Zadok begat l Shallum. ' &***"¦
1 2 And Shallum be°;at "Hilkiah, and m2Kin.22.n,l4.
Hilkiah begat Azariah, 630.
14 And Azariah begat "Seraiah, and n2Kin.-25.16.Eztt.
Seraiah begat Jehozadak ;
1 5 And ° Jehozadak went into captivity °*™zi&i-fIf-u
when the Lord p carried away Judah and p2Kin.xxv.2chr.
Jerufalem by the hand of Nebuchad- ™*''
ne2/zar. 5****
' 16 f The fons of Levi; *r Gerfhom, ""'"fT™".
II . ' 7 r Exod. i. 16. ver, i.
Kohath, and Merari.

19, 22. 1 Kin. 2.
35-"otthatiSam.14.3.

* Heb. in the hesefe.

1 Kin. vi. vii.
2 Chi. iii. iv.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Behold how fin degrades
men, and thrufts them down from their excellency! And one falfe
ftep often leaves an indelible ftain upon their memory. But God
does not utterly caft off thofe who fall foully at firft, and are fe
verely punifhed in the flefh. Behold how he divides the honours
which had been finfully forfeited, that no flefh may glory in his
prefence! — how he cafts out the enemy from before his people by
little and little, ai>d gives them refidence and fubftance as they
have need of it! Behold thefe, Gadites in their pride;, and fee
how Gcd, in his wifdom, to mark them not utterly caft off", takes
up their names juft before their removal into a long captivity ! But
what mighty things the people of God can do when they take him

along with them ! With eafe they tread down their enemies, and
gather their fpoils, when they go forth crying to and trufting in.him.
But fin is pregnant with the greateft mifchief to the temporal as
well as the eternal interefts of prfflfefibrs. God can effe&ually
ferve his own purpofes by the ambition of the moft proud, tyran
nical, and murderous-, princes. And the moft lafting deftrucTion
follows thofe who are cut off in their fins. They, who are governed
more by fenfe than by faith in their choice of their fettlement, find
often, when it is too late, that they have made a very difadvanta-
geous one. Their firft fettlement iflu.es in their being firft wretch
ed and miferable.

Genealogy of the Levitical

CHA P. VI.

fingers and priefls.

Before Chrifl
*7»f>.
9 Exod. 6. 17. ch.
23.7- 1700.
t Sec ver. 2. ch. £3.
12. Exod. 6. 18.
U Exod. 6. 19. Num.
3.33. ch. 23.21. &
24. 26. ver. 29.

X Ver. 43—39, 17-

1650.
y Or Ethan. Ver. 42.
not Pf. 89. title.
7 Or Adaith. Vet.
41.
a-OrEtSni. Ver. 41.
b Or Bchar. Ver. z,
1*. 33—38. Exod.
. £. 21, 24.

*"35°-

e Or Zephaniah,
Ascanah, Joel.
Ver. 36.
a See ver. 35, 36,

B Or Z &»!.-. 1 Sam.
1. 1, ver. 35.

fOtEliet. Ver. 34.
g I Sam. 1. 1.
1095.
ll Called alfo Joel.
vet. 33. 1 Sam. 8,
2.
iVer. 19, 44-47..

1045.

it Ch. 16. 1. 2 Sam. 6.
17. 1 Kin. 8. a— 6.
I Ch. 16. 37—42. Sc
H. ys.it xxv.

M Stood. Pf.I34.T,2.'
ch. 25. g. ver. 22
— J8.

n Ch. 15. 17, ™. &
JS-4-ver.2bf;Pr.
SS. title.

eOr niial, Nahath.
- Ver. 24, 27.

J> Or Ztphai. Ver,
26,27,

1 7 And thefe be the names of s the Tons
of Gerfhom ; Libni, and Shimei.
r& And the x fons of Kohath were,
Amram, and Izhar, and Hebron, and
Uzziel. 19 The u fons of Merari; Mahli, and
Mufhi. And thefe are the families' of the
Levites according to their fathers.
20 % Of Gerfhom ; x Libni his fon,
Jahath his fon, Zimmah his fon,
21 y Joah his fon, zIddo his fon, Zerah
his fon, Jeaterai his fon.
22 ^f The fons of Kohath ; ab Am
minadab his fon, Korah his fon, Affir his
fon. 23 Elkanah his fon, and Ebiafaph his
fon, and Affir his fon,
24 Tahath his fon, c Uriel his fon,
Uzziah his fon, and Shaul his fon..
25 And the fons of Elkanah ; d Amafai,
and Ahimoth.
26 As for Elkanah : the fons of Elka
nah ; e Zophai his fon, and Nahath his
fon, 27; f Eliab his fon, Jeroham his fon,
E Elkanah his fon.
28 And the fons of Samuel; the firft-
born h Vafhni, and Abiah.,
29 ^f 'l The fons of Merari ,; Mahli,
Libni his fon,, Shimei his fon, Uzza his
fon, 30 Shimea his fon, Haggiah his fon,
Afaiah his fon.
31 ^f And thefe are they whom David
fet over the fervice of fong in the houfe
of the Lord, after that the kark had reft.
32 And they x miniftered before the
dwelling place of the tabernacle of the
congregation with finging, until Solomon
had built the houfe pf the Lord in Jeru
falem ; and then they waited on their office
according to their order.
22 -And thefe are they. that m waited
"with their children : of the fons of the
Kohathites j n Heman a finger, the fon of
Joel, the fon of Shemuel,
34 The fon of Elkanah, the fon of
Jeroham, the fon of °Eliel, the fon of
Toah, 25 The fon of I Zuph, the fon of

Before Chrift
1044.

of /- q Shaul, Uxxieh-
Ot Uriel, Ver. 24.

r Num. 16. x— 37. Sc
z6. 10. ii.Fi.,xiii.
xliv— xiix-
Ixxxiv. Ixxxv.
title.

Pf. 1. Ixxiii-
Ixxxiii. title, ver.
20, zi.

t Or Jeaterai.
Ver. 11.

Elkanah, the fon of Mahath, the fon of
Amafai, 36 The fon of Elkanah, the fon
q Joel, the fon of Azariah, the fon
Zephaniah, 27 The fon of Tahath, the fon of
Affir, the fon of Ebiafaph, the fon of
r Korah, 38 The fon of Izhar, the fon of Ko
hath, the fon of Levi, the fon of Ifrael.
39 And his brother s Afaph, who ftood s If IKll: z^'zt*.
on his right hand, even Afaph the fon of
Berachiah, the fon of Shimea,
40 The fon of Michael, the fon of
Baafeiah, the fon of Malchiah,
41 The fon of 'Ethni, the fonof Zerah
the fon of Adaiah,
42 The fon of u Ethan, the fon ofu0r7MiVCT^
Zimmah, the fon of Shimei,
43 The fon of Jahath, the fon of Ger
fhom, the fon of Levi,
44 And their brethren the fons of
Merari food on the left hand: x Ethan L'S^ °£
the fon of y Kifhi,, the fon of Abdi, the ££1 ex
fon of Malluch, '* l7!
45 The fon of Hafhabiah, the fon of
Amaziah, the fon of Hilkiah,
4fj The fon of Amzi, the fon of Bani,
the fon of Shamer,
47 The fon of Mahli, the fon of Mufhi,
the fon of Merari, the fon of Levi.
48 Their brethren alfo the Levites were
appointed unto all manner of fervice of
the tabernacle of the houfe of God.
40 ff But .z Aaron and his fons offered z »° t^'iL£ J#
~" ." - . „ . _ Exod. 30. 7. Heb-..

9. 14. Sc 7. 2S.

upon the altar of the burnt-offering, and
on the altar of incenfe, and were appointed
for all the work of the place moft holy,
and to make an atonement for Ifrael,
according to all that Mofes the fervant of
God had commanded.
50 And thefe are athe fons of Aaron; *-£m-9.E"»7
Eleazar his fon, Phinehas his fon,. Abifhua
his fon,
51 Bukki his- fon,. Uzzi his fon, Ze-
rahiah his fon,
52 Meraioth his fon, Amariah his fon, I00°-
Ahitub his fon,
52 Zadok his fon, Ahimaaz his fon
54- f Now

144-1-

I thefe are their dwelling

b Jofh. 21. 9— jg.
In this lift ofthe
cities of Uxepriefls
Gibeon and Jutuh
arc onutted.

Habitations ofthepriefs, &c.

Before Chrift
1444-

C Jolh. 21. II. Sc 14,
13. & 15. li

ii Jofh. 21. 4,13—19.

e Or Holm. Jolh,
21. 15. '

fOr,^Jn.Jolh.2l.t6.

¦g Or Atmon. Jolh.
21. 18.

-Jl Jofh. 21. 5,20— 26.
ver. 67 — 70.

¦ "VtAnd out of the
tribes of Ephraim
and Dan.

i Jofh. 21.6, 27— 33.
ves. 71— 76..

All their cities throughout their

k Jofh. 21. 7,34— 40,
ver. 77—81,

1 Jofh. xxi. Num.
35. I-S. 1444.
HI Ver. 57 — 60. Jofh.
21. q — ig.

Jl Jofh. 21. 5", ,20—
z6.

places throughout their caftles in their
coafts of the fons of Aaron, ofthe families
ofthe Kohathites : for their's was the lot.
55 cAnd they gave them Hebron in
the land ofjudah, and the fuburbs thereof
round about it.
56 But the fields of the city, and the
villages thereof, they gave to Caleb the
fon of Jephunneh.
. 57 d And to the fons of Aaron they
gave the cities ofjudah, namely, Hebron
the city of refuge, and Libna with her
fuburbs, and Jattir, and Efhtemoa, with
their fuburbs,
58 And e Hilen with her fuburbs,
Debir with her fuburbs,
59 And f Afhan with her fuburbs,. and
Beth-fhemefh with her fuburbs :
60 And out of the tribe of Benjamin ;
Geba with her fuburbs, and s Alemeth
with her fuburbs, and Anathoth with her
fuburbsfamilies were thirteen cities.
6 1 And hunto the fons of Kohath, which
were left of the family of that tribe, were
cities given out of the half tribe, namely,
out offihe half tribe of Manaffeh, + by lot,
ten cities.
62 And s to the fons of Gerfhom
throughout their families, out of the tribe
of Iflachar, and out of the tribe of Afher,
and out of the tribe of Naphtali, and out
of the tribe of Manafleh in Bafhan, thir
teen cities.
63 Unto the k fons of Merari were given
by lot, throughout their families, out of
the tribe of Reuben, and out of the tribe
of Gad, and out of the tribe of Zebulun,
twelve cities.
64 l And the children of Ifrael gave to
the Levites thefe cities with their fuburbs.
65 And they m gave by lot out of the
tribe ofthe children ofjudah, and out of
the tribe of the children of Simeon, and
out of the tribe of the children of Benja
min, thefe cities which are called by their
names. 66 n And the refdue of the families of

I. CHRONICLES. Lif of the Levitical cities.
the fons of Kohath had cities of their

Before Chrift
1444-

coafts out of the tribe of Ephraim.
67 And they gave unto them of the
cities of refuge, Shechem in mount E-
phraim with her fuburbs : they gave alfo
Gezer with her fuburbs,
68 And Jokmeam with her fuburbs,
and Beth-horon with her fuburbs,
69 And Aijalon with her fuburbs, and
Gath-rimmon with her fuburbs:
70 And out of the half tribe of Manaf
feh; Aner with her fuburbs, and Bileam
with her fuburbs, for the family of the
remnant of the fons of Kohath.
71 Unto "the fons. of Gerfhom were oJ«fli.M.6,i7-is,
given, out of the family of the half tribe
of Manafleh, Golan in Bafhan with her
fuburbs, and Afhtaroth with her fuburbs :
72 And out of the tribe of Iflachar;
Kedefh with her fuburbs, Daberath with
her fuburbs,
73 And Ramoth with her fuburbs, and
Anem with her fuburbs :
74 And out of the tribe of Afher ;
Mafhal with her fuburbs, and Abdon
with her fuburbs,
75 And Hukok with her fuburbs, and
Rehob with her fuburbs :
76 And out of the tribe of Naphtali;
Kedefh in Galilee with her fuburbs, and
Hammon with her fuburbs, and Kirjathaim
with her fuburbs.
77 p Unto the reft of + the children pj'ofli-«-7.j<-4«
of Merari were given, out of the tribe Df *TheLB,ites'
Zebulun, Rimmon with her fuburbs
Tabor with her fuburbs :
78 And on the other fide Jordan by
Jericho, on the eaft fide of Jordan, were
given them, out of the tribe of Reuben,
Bezer in the wildernefs with her fuburbs,
and Jahzah with her fuburbs,
79 Kedemoth alfo with her fuburbs,
and Mephaath with her fuburbs :
80 And, out of the tribe of Gad, Ra
moth id Gilead with her fuburbs, and
Mahanaim with her fuburbs,
8 1 And Hefhbon with her fuburbs, and
Jazer with her fuburbs.

Some of the cities
9 mentioned in this
chapter had chan
ged their names,
or been exchanged
for other cities
after the time of
Jofhua.

Reflections upon Chap. VI.— If God fo care for the re
membrance of Levites, fingers, and ceremonial priefts, how fixed

in his book of life- -mutt be the names of thofe who are loved, and
wafhed in Jefus' blood, and made kings and priefts to him and his

.-CH A P.

Before Chrift
1 7 14.

Genealogy oflffachar, Benjamin, CHAP. VII.
Contains fome account of the genealogy of ( 1 ) Iffachar ;
l — 5. (2) Benjamin; 6 — 11. (3) Perhaps of
Dan; 12. (4) Of Naphtali; 13. (5) Manaffeh;
j 4. — ig. (6) Ephraim to Jofhua; and their
difafters and dwellings; 20 — 29. (7) Of Afher;
00 — 40. Perhaps the Danites are omitted, at leaft
ai to exprefs mention, to difgrace them for their
early introduction of idolatry : but why Zebulun is
omitted, whether becaufe none of them returned to
Canaan after the Chaldean captivity, I know not.
NOW the fons oflffachar were, Tola,
and abPuah, Jafhub, and Shimron;
four. 2 And the fons of
Rephaiah, and Jeriel,
Jibfam, and Shemuel,
ther's houfe, to wit,
valiant men of

a See Gen. 46. 13.
Num. 26. 23, 24.
b Phuvah, Job.
Cen. 46. 13,

might

Tola ; Uzzi, and
and Jahmai, and
heads of their fa-
of Tola : they were
their

in

genera-

C2Sam. 24. 1—9.
ch. 21. 1—5. &
£7. 23t 14.
1017.

iThis was the whole
number of their
fighting men. Ch.
21. 5. 2 Sam. 24. 9.
eGen.46.21. Nam.
26.38— 41. ch. 8. 1.
1680.

•017.

tions ; c whofe number was, in the days
of David, two and twenty thoufand and
fix hundred.
3 And the fons of Uzzi ; Izrahiah :
and the fons of Izrahiah ; Michael, and
Obadiah, and Joel, Ifhiah; five: all of
them chief men.
4 And with them, by their genera
tions after the houfe of their fathers, were
bands of foldiers for war, fix and thirty
thoufand men ; for they had many wives
and fons.
5 And their brethren among all the
families of Iflachar were valiant men of
might, reckoned in all by their genealogies
d fourfcore and feven thoufand.
6 ^[ The fons of e Benjamin ; Bela, and
Becher, and Jediael; three.
7 And the fons of Bela; Ezbon, and
Uzzi, and Uzziel, and Jerimoth, and Iri ;
five ; heads of the houfe of their fathers,
mighty men of valour ; and were reckon
ed by their genealogies twenty and two
thoufand and thirty and four.
8 And the fons of Becher; Zemira,
and Joafh, and Eliezer, and Elioenai, and
Omri, and Jerimoth, and Abiah, and
Anathoth, and Alameth. All thefe are
the fons of Becher.

VII. Naphtali, and Manaffeh.
9 And the number of them, after their

Before'Chrift 1680.

IOI7.

genealogy by their generations, heads of
the houfe of their fathers, mighty men
of valour, was twenty thoufand and two
hundred. 1 o The fons alfo of Jediael ; Bilhan :
and the fons of Bilhan; Jeufh, and Ben
jamin, and Ehud, and Chenaanah, and
Zethan, and Tharfhifh, and Ahifhahar.
1 1 Ail thefe the fons of Jediael, by the
heads of their fathers, mighty men of
valour, {were feventeen thoufand and two ^l^Sll0
hundred foldiers, fit to go out for war and el'^rXn-
. 1 -* ° perhaps were not
battle numbered. Ch.
27. 24.
tne gOr Shurham, Misp-
pim. Nam'. 26. 39.
Gen. 46. 21.
h Or Iri. Ver. 7.
i Or Abiram. Num.
26. 38.
k Gen. 46. 24. Num.
26. 48—5(1.

1 Num. 26. 28—34.
Sc 27. 1.
1670.

m Hezron, a grand.
fon ofjudah, mar
ried his daughter,
and their child
was reckoned to
the tribe of Ma-.
naneh. Ch. 2. 21
-23.

I480.

12s Shuppim alfo, and Huppim,
children of h Ir, and Hufhim, the fons of
! Aher. 13 % The k fons of Naphtali; Jahziel,
and Guni, and Jezer, and Shallum, the
fons of Bilhah.
i4f The fons of Manafleh ; Afhriel,
whom fhe bare ; (but his concubine the
Aramitefs bare Machir the father of Gi
lead; 1 5 And m Machir took to wife the fifler
of Huppim and Shuppim, whofe fifter's
name was Maachah ; ) and the name of
the fecond was Zelophehad : and n Zelo
phehad had daughters.
16 And Maachah the wife of Machir £¦;-»• *"«»•
bare a fon, and fhe called his name Perefh ;
and the name of his brother was Sherefh ;
and his fons were Ulam and Rakem.
17 And the fons of Ulam ; ° Bedan. ° mentfonSVsilS!
Thefe were the fons of Gilead, the fon of
Machir, the fon of Manaffeh.
18 And his fifter Hammoleketh bare
Ifhod, and Abiezer, and Mahalah.
19 And the fons of Shemidah were,
Ahian, and Shechem, and Likhi, and
Aniam. 20 ^[pAnd the fons of Ephraim; Shut-
helah, and Bered his fon, and Tahath
his fon, and Eladah his fon, and Tahath
his fon,
21 And Zabad his fon, and Shuthelah

j 6 70.
p Num. 26. 35, 36.

Father! With exacl: care ought every one in the church, particu
larly minifters, to fee to the regular obfervation of the ordinances
of God. Thefe Levites were moft commodioufly ftationed for
the iaft ruction of the Ifraelites, when they were thus, according to
8

Jacob's threatening, divided and fcattered. But what comfort
able provifion God requires for his minifters; and what joint con
currence of his people in procuring it according to their feveral
abilities!

Genealogy of Ephraim, Afher,

I. CHRONICLES.

md of 'Benjamin,

Eer^rift his fon, and Ezer,' and Elead, whom the
men of Gath that were born in that land

'SeWtSc* flew, becaufe they q -came down to take
filen to rpb the i • L . .
Hebrews of their aWaV tnCll' Cattle.
cattle. Judah and * - . ~ . - .
22 And Lphraim their father mourn
ed r many days, and his brethren came to

Ephraim, who
were intended to
have the largcft
tribes, have inert
of their children r , .
at fuit et orr. comfort him.
Compare Gen. 38,
1— 10.
T Gen. 37. 34, 35.
Job 2. 11.

23 % And, when he went in to his
wife, fhe conceived and bare a fon, and
"4?2,.Jch!4.9S™: he s called his name Beriah, becaufe it
went evil with his houfe.
2,4 (And his daughter was Sherah, who
t joih. i6.j,s. &18. built ' Beth-horon the nether, and the
jT^T'.a.3' upper, and Uzzen-fherah.)
heCrh/oije'r?tV buin 25 And Rephah -was his fon, alfo Re-
fheph, and Telah his fon, and Tahan his
fon, 26 Laadan his fon, Ammihud his fon,
1560. Elifhama his fon,
,iorto,>. N..m 13. 27 uNon his fon, Tehofhua his fon.
S, 16. lecExod.17. / ' »' .
v, 10,13- 28 ^[ And their poflefuons and habita-
1444' tions were Beth-el and the towns thereof,
"sTy01.:* and eaftward x Naaran, and weftward
* «<*¦ d"Hhter,. Gezer with the * towns thereof; Shechem
yphiiift"e1s?fjudeg. alfo and the towns thereof, unto ?Gaza
and the toytfris thereof:
29 And, by the borders of the children
. jrfh.17. 7,... of , Manafleh, Beth-fhean and her towns,
Taanach and her towns, Megiddo and
*l".judg* her towns, Dor and her towns. a In thefe
dwelt the children of Jofeph the fon of
Ifrael. 30 ^[ b The fons of Afher; Imnah, and
Ifuah, and Ifhuai, and Beriah, and Serah
their fifter.
3 1 And the fons of Beriah ; Heber,
and Malchiel, who is the father of Bir-
zavith. 32 And Heber begat Japhlet, and
corsfewKr.ver.34. c Shomer, and Hotham, and Shua their
fifter. 22 And the fons of Japhlet; Pafach,

X2— 29.

Ii Gen. 45. 17. Num
26. 44—46-

Before Chrift
uoo.

aOr7rtjW.Vsr.3S,

1017.

and Bimhal, and Afhvath, Thefe are the
children of Japhlet.
34 And the fons of Shamer ; Ahi, and
Rohgah, Jehubbah, and Aram.
2$ And the fons of his brother Helem ;
Zophah, and Imnay and Shelefh, and
Amal. 36 The fons of Zophah; Suah, and
Harnepher, and Shual, and Beri, and
Imrah, 37 Bezer, and Hod, and Shamma, and
Shilfhah, and d Ithran, and Beera.
38 And the fons of Jether ; Jephunneh,
and Pifpah, and Ara.
39 Andthe fons of Ulla; Arah, and
Haniel, and Rezia.
40 All thefewere the children of Afher,
heads of their father's houfe, choice and
mighty men of valour, chief of the
princes. Andthe 'number, throughout eiJa?,-.1ij,^?.
the genealogy of them that were apt to
the war and to battle, was twenty and fix
thoufand men. CHAP. VIII.
For the honour of Saul the firft king of Ifrael, and of
the Benjamites, who clave fo clofe to the tribe of Ju
dah, and went to and returned from Babylon along
with them, we have here a larger regifter of that
tribe. ( i ) A'lift of fome ofthe moft eminent perfons
who had appeared among them; l — 32. (2) A
more particular account of the family and defcendants
of Saul; 33 — 40. 1714.
NOW Benjamin begat aBela his firft- '^£41: Su
born, Aflibel the fecond, and Aharah
the third,
2 Nohah the fourth, and Rapha the
fifth. 3 And the fons of Bela were, b Addar, b*-** M
and Gera, and Abihud,
4 And Abifhua, and* Naaman, and
Ahoah, 5 And Gera, and « Shephuphan, and **£$£$£
Huram.

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — How God multiplies a
people amidft hard country labour, as he did that of Iflachar ! he
can multiply families after, they have been almoft: utterly extir
pated, as were the Benjamites; Judg. xx. How early the He
brews, even in Egypt, began to contract marriages with the hea
then! We go affray from the womb, fpeaking lies. The families
and nations for which God intends peculiar honour often meet
with fingular breaches and difcouragements in their way to it.
Providence often feems to contradict promifes : but the counfel of

the Lord, that fhall ftand. We are no where fafe from danger;
nor are good caufes always fuccefsful. Children are certain cares
and griefs to parents, but uncertain pleafures. They who live
long only live to fee their forrows multiplied, and to bury the
choiceft of their worldly comforts. To foothe the griefs of the
afflicted is to act a kind and brotherly part. But what a mercy is
it when God compenfates the breaches "which he hath made in
families ! And virtuous women are an honour and bleffing to fami
lies, as well as mighty and illuftrious men.

Before Chrift
1650.

' d Ch. 2. 51, 54.

fRuth T. I. Perhaps
a famine obligee
him to fojourn
tfiere.

Genealogy of Benjamin CHAP.
6 And thefe are the fons of Ehud:
thefe are the heads of the fathers of the
inhabitants of Geba, and they removed
them to d Manahath :
7 And Naaman, and Ahiah, and Gera,
e h"ify T/ V ne e removed them, and begat Uzza, and
Gen. 25. 6. ' ' Ahihud. 8 And Shaharaim begat children in
gef f the country of Moab, after he had fent
them away ; Hufhim and Baara were his
wives. 9 And he begat of Hodefli his wife,
Jobab and Zibai, and Mefha, and Mal-
cham, 10 And Jeuz, and Shachia, and Mirma.
Thefe were his fons, heads of the fathers.
11
and Elpaal.
12 The fons of Elpaal; Eber, and
Bn™^,7.^*-Mifliam, and Shamed, who built *Ono
and Lod, with the towns thereof.
13 Beriah alfo and Shema, who were

And of Hufhim he begat Abitub,

VIIL and of SauTs family.
28 Thefe were heads of the fathers,
by their generations, chief tnen. Thefe
k dwelt in Jerufalem.
29 And1 at Gibeon dwelt the m father 1444-
of Gibeon; whofe wife's name was Maa- 101.9.35-*.
chah : ag?g? '"'
30 And his firft-born fon Abdon, and
Zur, and Kifh, and Baal, and Nadab,
31 And Gedor, and Ahio, and "Zacher. a\lz^rM-

Before Chrilr
13OO.

Ic Jofh. 15.63. &i8.
28. ch. 9. 34.

19. 42. ch. 7. 21.
Perhaps 1630.
Ch. 7. 21.
er 1 3 co.
Judg. 3. 31.

hJ4f ¦sfzfn.ll' heads ofthe fathers of the inhabitants of
Aijalon, who drove away the inhabitants
of Gath :
14 And Ahio, Shafhak, and Jerimoth,
15 And Zebadiah, and Arad, and Ader,
16 And Michael, and Ifpah, and Joha,
the fons of Beriah ;
1 7 And Zebadiah, and Mefliullam, and
Hezeki, and Heber,
18 Ifhmerai alfo, and Jezliah, and
Jobab, the fons of Elpaal.;
19 And Jakim, and Zichri, and Zabdi,
20 And Elienai, and Zilthai, and Eliel,
21 And Adaiah, and Beraiah, and
ifenteve,.... Shimrath, the fons of s Shimhi;
22 And Ifhpan, and Heber, and Eliel,
23 And Abdon, and Zichri,. and Hanan,
24 And Hananiah, and Elam, and
Antothijah, . 25 And Iphedeiah, and Penuel, the fons
of Shafhak ;
26 And Shamfherai, and Shehariah,
and Athaliah,
27 And Jarefiah, and Eliah, and Zichri,
the fons of Jeroham.

o Or Shiineam.
Ch. 9. 38.

Before Chrift
1200.
p Ch. 9. 39—44.
J Sam. 14. 49— Jt,
K9. 1. &31. j»
q Or Jfh-bojhetb.
2 Sam. z. 8.
r Or MephihoP,ett,r
z Sam. 4. 4. 8c g.
6, ro. Sc 19. 24.
Baal is changed
into Bofheth,
fhaine.
s Or Tahreet.
ch. 9. 41.
t Jarah. Ch. 9, 42,

11 Rephaiah; Ch. 9. 43.

' Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — The more clofely we ad
here to God and his people, the greater will be pur honour at' laft.
How little great kings and warriors appear before God ! .Not one
Vol. I. ~

32 And Mikloth begat " Shimeah.
And thefe alfo dwelt with their brethren
in Jerufalem over againft them.
22 f And ?Ner begat Kifh, and Kifh
begat Saul, and Saul begat Jonathan, and
Malchi-fhua, and Abinadab, and lEfhbaal.
34 And the fon of Jonathan was rMerib-
baal ; and Merib-baal begat Micah.
25 And the -fons of Micah were Pithon,
and Melech, and 5 Tarea, and Ahaz. '
36 And Ahaz begat cJehoadah; and
Jehoadah begat Alemeth, and Azmaveth,
and Zimri ; and Zimri begat Moza ;
2f And Moza begat Binea; v Rapha
was his fon, Eleafah x his fon, Azel his
fon; 38 And Azel had fix fons, whofe
names are thefe, Azrikam, Bpcheru, and
Ifhmael, and Sheariah, and Obadiah, and
Hanan. All thefe were the fons of Azel.
39 And the fons of Efhek his brother
were, Ulam his firft-born, Jehufh the
fecond, and Eliphelet the third.
40 And the ions of Ulam were mighty
men of valour, * archers, and had y many x ^:tti:z6C,h/.'
fons, and fons' fons, an hundred and ^V" *>3' ¦'""-
fifty. All thefe are of the fons of Ben- y^r-s-tna,
jamin. CHAP. IX.
Now it appears that one end of recording thefe genea
logies was to dire-il the Jews in their fettlements after
their return from Babylon. Here is ah account
(1) Of the firft fettlers at, and rebuilders of, Jeru
falem after the captivity; viz. Ifraelites, 2 — 9;
priefts, 10 — 13; and Levites, 14 — 21. (2) Of
the work and ftation of thefe priefts and Levites ;
18 — 34. (3) A repeated account of the family of
Saul; (which ought to ftand in the beginning of the
next chapter, as an introduction to what folhws ;)
35—44-

About 440.

king of Ifrael, after the divifion of thc kingdom, is marked in thefe
regifters of heaven ; but the family of Jonathan the faint i?
marked with diftinguifhed honour.
4Q

Settlement of the Jews

I. CHRONICLES.

and Levites by Nehemiah',

before Chrift
About 444.
Keh. xi. xii. Ezra 7,
1—5. & 8. 2—14

a On. four different

b After the capti
vity. 'Ezra 2. 70.
Neh. 11. 3.
444.
cEzra 2. 43, 58. Sc
7. .7, 24. & 8. 17,
ao. Neh. 10. 28. 8c
3. 26. Sc II. 21.
Jofh. 9. 21, 28.
d Nah. II. I— 19.
wilh2Chr.11.16.& 30. 11. IS.

SO all Ifrael were reckoned by genealo
gies; and, behold, they were written
book of the kings of Ifrael and

m

the

kings
Xn£"chr. fudah, who were a carried away to Babylon
53. 11. Sc 36. 9. -> 7. ^ ^
feuj.i.i.i.r.5*. for tneir tranfgreffion.
2 ^[ Now the b firft inhabitants that
dwelt in their poffeffions in their cities
were, the Ifraelites, the priefts, Levites,
and the c Nethimms'.
3 % And in d Jerufalem dwelt of the
children ofjudah, and of the children of
Benjamin, and ofthe children of Ephraim,
and Manaffeh;
4 Uthai the fon of Ammihud, the fon
of Omri, the fon of Imri, the fon of
e4cv«.&'3s.'5.29; Banh e of the children of Pharez the fon
30. Neh. 11. 4— 6- ''
of Judah. 5 And of the Shilonites; Afaiah the
firft-born, and his fons.
6 And of the fons of Zerah ; Jeuel,
and their f brethren, fix hundred and
ninety. 7 And s of the fons of Benjamin ; Sallu
the fon of Mefhullam, the fon of Hoda-
viah, the fon of Hafenuah,
8 And Ibneiah the fon of Jeroham,

rKinfinen. Ver. 9.
Cen. 13. 8.

jNeh.H. 7-*

h Neh. 11. 10-14.

i Ch. 6. 12—14. 1
Seraiah. Neh.

In fcripture-genea-
loties lcircral ge
ne-rations are
fometinies omit
ted, on account, of
their idolatry, &c.

. Before Chrift
4-44-
k i. e. fingers. Neh,
n. 15—19. ch. 6,
i?i 39) 44:

and Elah the fon of Uzzi, the fon of
Michri, and Mefhullam the fon of She-
phathiah, the fon of Reuel, the fon of
Ibnijah ;
9 And their brethren, according to
their generations, nine hundred and fifty
and fix. All thefe men were chief of the
fathers in the houfe of their fathers.
10 ^[ And h of the priefts ; Jedaiah, and
Jehoiarib, and Jachin,
1 1 And l Azariah the fon of Hilkiah,
the fon of Mefhullam, the fon of Zadok,
the fon of Meraioth, the fon of Ahitub,
the ruler of the houfe of God ;
'•<¦ 12 And Adaiah the fon of Jeroham,
the fon of Pafhur, the fon of Malchijah,
and Maafiai the fon of Adiel, the fon of
Jahzerah, the fon of Mefhullam, the fon
of Mefhillemith, the fon of Immer;
13 And their brethren, heads ofthe
houfe of their fathers, a thoufand and
•web.misht}sn,n.f fcvtn hundred and threefcore; '* very able
men for the work of the fervice of the
houfe of God.

14 k And of the Levites; Shemaiah
the fon of Hasfhub, the fon of Azrikam,
the fon of Hafhabiah, of the fons of
Merari ;
15 And Bakbakkar, Herefh, and Galal,
and Mattaniah the. fon of Micah, the fon
of Zichri, the fon of Afaph ;
16 And Obadiah the ion of Shemaiah,
the fon of Galal, the fon of Jeduthun,
and Berechiah the fon of Afa, the fon of
Elkanah .. that dwelt in the villages of the
1 Netophathites. 17 And the m porters were, Shallum,
and Akkub, and Talmon, and Ahiman,
and their brethren : Shallum was the
chief :
1 8 Who hitherto waited in " the king's
gate eaftward : they were porters in the
companies of the children of Levi.
1 9 And Shallum the fon of Kore, the
fon of Ebiafaph, the fon of Korah, and
his brethren of the houfe of his father,
the ° Korahites, were over the work of
the fervice, keepers of the + gates of the fsiZthr,jb,k
tabernacle : and their fathers, being over
the hoft of the Lord, were keepers ofthe
entry. 20 And p Phinehas the fon of Eleazar ^f&fV*
was the ruler over them in time paft, and h*°»
the Lord was with him.
21 And Zechariah the fon of Mefhe-?
lemiah was porter of the door of the
tabernacle of the congregation. were chofen

1 Ch. 2. 54. Neh. is,
28, 29.
mCh. xxvi. Neh. 12.
25, 26. & 11.19.

11 1 Kin. 10.5. 2 Kin-.
II. 19.

oPf. 42. title. Num.
26. 11. ch. xxn.Sc
(,. 33-38.

22

All
porters in

thefe who were chofen to be
the gates were two hundred
and twelve. Thefe were reckoned by
their genealogy in their villages, whom
q Dayid and Samuel the feer + did ordain
their H fet office.

in

q Ch. xxvi.
% Heb.fiunitt.
|| Or truft.

23 So they and their children had the
overfight of the gates of the houfe of the
Lord, namely, the houfe of the tabernacle,
by wards.
24 r In four quarters were the porters, rch.26.14-1>.
toward the eaft, weft, north, and fouth.
25 And their brethren, which were in
their villages, were to come after s feven s2Kin.11. 5,7.
. .- ° . ., -ii - 2Chr. 23.8.
days from time to time with them. Sg£S£S3
26 For thefe Levites, the four chief 1"i,timi•
porters, were' in their c fet office., and t0r»"s*-Ver 3'-

Sauts genealogy repeated.

CHAP. IX. X.

His army fatally routed.

Before Chrift
-444-
* Os ftoreboufes.

u Rom. 12. 7. Heb.
J3.l7.lTim.4.2.

xNeh.12.44.ch.23. 28— 32. Num. 3.
25-36.
f Heb. bring them in
by tale, and carry
them out by tale.

charge of
they fhould + bring

t Ot veffett.

f Exod. 30. 23.

8 Or truft.
,zOrtn fat plates, or
fleet. Lev. 2. 5. Sc
6.21.

a Heb. brettdof order
ing. Exod. 25. 30.
Sc AQ. 4, 23. Lev.
2d. 8. Num. 4. 7.
Mark 1. 26. Heb.
9. 2, 24. John 6.
32.
b Ch. 6. 31—47. &
XV. XXV.
* Heb. upon them
was.
C Pf. 134. 1, 2,

were over the "'chambers and treafuries of
the houfe of God.
27 And they lodged round about the
houfe of God, becaufe u the charge was
upon them, and the opening thereof every
morning- pertained to them.
28 And x certain of them had the
the miniftering veffels, that
them in and out by
tale. 29 Some of them alfo were appointed
to overfee the veffels, and all the + in
ftruments of the fanctuary, and the fine
flour, and the wine, and the oil, and the
frankincenfe, and the fpices.
30 And fome of the fons of the priefts
made y the ointment of the fpices.
31 And Mattithiah, one of the Levites,
who was the firft-born of Shallum the
Korahite, had the H fet office over the
things that were made* in the pans.
32 And other of their brethren, of
the fons of the Kohathites, were over
the a fhewbread, to prepare // every fab
bath. 22 And thefe are bthe fingers, chief of
the fathers of the Levites, who, remaining
in the chambers, were free : for * they
were employed in that work c day and

night.

401.8.29—40.
Probably wnat
-follows is repeat
ed as an introduc
tion to Saul's hif
tory, and ought t»
be part of ch. x.
1300.

34 Thefe chief fathers of the Levites
were chief throughout their generations ;
thefe dwelt at Jerufalem.
2$ % And din Gibeon dwelt the father
of Gibeon, Jehiel, whofe wife's name was
Maachah :
36 And his firft-born fon Abdon, then
Zur, and Kifh, and Baal, and Ner, and
Nadab, 2 J And Gedor, and Ahio, and Zecha-
riah, and Mikloth.
38 And Mikloth begat Shimeam. And

Reflections upon Chap. IX — God never diftreffes or un-
fettles men but for their fin. And k is comely and joyful when
the once difcordant tribes of God harmoniouily unite in afking and
travelling the way to Zion ; and when the priefts and Levites,
the minifters of Chrift, are remarkable in their attachment to, and
zeal for, re-eftablifhing the worfhip of God, and order of his
church ! God gracioufly proportions men's ftrength for the work
to which he calls them. But refidence, labour, and zeal, are in-
difpenfably required from every minifter of God: and,, if they

Before Chrift
I ZOO.

e Ch. 8. 3'-— 54-

1060. '

FCh.S, JS, SS.

they alfo dwelt with their brethren at
Jerufalem, over againft their brethren.
39 eAnd Ner begat Kifh; and Kifh
begat Saul ; and Saul begat Jonathan,
and Malchi-fhua, and Abinadab, and EfliT
baal. 40 And the fon of Jonathan was Merib-
baal ; and Merib-baal begat Micah.
41 And the fons of Micah were Pithon,
and Melech, and Tahrea, f and Ahaz.
42 And AhaZ begat Jarah ; and Jarah
begat Alemeth, and Azmaveth, and Zimri;
and Zimri begat Moza ;
43 And Moza begat Binea; and Re-
phaiah-his fon, Eleafah his fon, Azel his
fon. 44 And Azel had fix fons, whofe names
are thefe; Azrikam, Bocheru, and Ifh
mael, and Sheariah, and Obadiah, and
Hanan. Thefe are the fons of Azel.
CHAP. X.
Except the two laft verfes, is a repetition of i Sam.
xxxi. ; and the defign of it is to introduce the ac-
ceffion of David to the throne of Ifrael. Here 'is
( 1 ) The fatal rout which the Philiftines gave to
Saul's army, and the fatal ftab which he gave to him"
filfi 1 — 7. (2) The Philiftines triumph in publijh-
ing their viclory, and confecrating Saul's head and
armour as trophies of it; 8 — IO. (3) The honour
able interment which the grateful inhabitants of
Jabejh-gilead gave to the bodies of Saul and his fons;
11, 12. (4) The reafons of Saul's rejection and
ruin.
NO W the a Philiftines fought againft
Ifrael; and the men of Ifrael .fled ^.Ti^'*
from before the Philiftines, and fell down
* flain in mount Gilboa. »Heb. «&«</. *¦««*•
2 And the Philiftines followed hard
after Saul, and after his fons; and the
Philiftines flew b Jonathan, and c Abina- b\\%V^c\%^
dab, and Malchi-fhua, the fons of Saul. c ?;'£"'• lSan"
3 And the battle went fore againft
Saul ; and the t archers d hit him, and he f let?"""™*
d Heb. found him.
I Sam. 31. 3.

Before Chrift
IO56.

was wounded of the archers.

begin with God, they may hope to profper in their undertakings,
Happy is it for the church when every one knows and waits 011
his proper work, and when the meaneft offices and fervices are
reckoned truly honourable. Better be doorkeepers in the houfe
of God than dwell in palaces of wickednefs. It is pleafant to be
always rejoicing in and praifing God, who is continually doing' us
good, and loading us with his benefits ; for it is a bleffed token
that we Ihi.il praife him without ceafing in the temple above.
4G2

Saul murders himfelf.

I. CHRONICLES.

David crowned.

Before Chrift
1056.

c Or mod me. Judg.
16. 21. Sc 9. 54.
lE.1m.31. 4.

f 1 Sim, 31. 6, 7.
Exod. 20. 5. & 34.
7. Num. 14. 18.

1* Sam. 31. 8— 10.
2 Sam. j. 20.

ll Jndg. 16. 24.
2 Sam. 1. 20. If.
48.5-

1 Sam. 5. 2. I Kin.
XI. 5- ft 48- 5-

It 1 Sam ti. t — it. &
31. 'II— 13. 2Sam.
2. 5,6. with Judg.
u. 8—12.

J Gen. 35. 8.
-¦Cen.50.10.2Sam, j. 12. Sc 3. 35.

1 1 Sam. 13 . 13. Sc
>S- h 13.

« 1 Sam. 28.7—20.
2 Kin. 2j. 6. Sc i.
z. Exod. 22. 18.
Lev. 19. 26. 31. Sc
20. 6. Dent. 18.
10— 14. If. 8. 19.
-p 1 Sam. 13. 14. &
IS- 28. Sc 28. 17.
2 Sam. ii — v. ch.
xi. xii.

4 Then faid Saul to his armour bearer,
Draw thy fword, and thruft me through
therewith ; left thefe uncircumcifed come
and e abufe me. But his armour bearer
would not, for he was fore afraid. So Saul
took a fword, and fell upon it.
5 And, when his armour bearer faw
that Saul was dead, he fell likewife on
the fword, and died.
6 So Saul fdied, and his three fons,
and all his houfe died together.
7 And, when all the -men of Ifrael
that were in the valley faw that they fled,
and that Saul and his fons were dead,
then they forfook their cities, and fled :
and the Philiftines came and dwelt in
them. 8 % s And it came to pafs on the mor
row, when the Philiftines came to ftrip
the flain, that they found Saul and his fons
fallen in mount Gilboa.
9 And, when they had ftripped him,
they took his head and his armour, and
fent into the land of the Philiftines round
about, to carry tidings unto h their idols
and to the people.
10 And they put his armour in the
houfe of * their gods, and faften ed his
head in the temple of Dagon.
1 1 •[[ And, when all k Jabefh-gilead
heard all that the Philiftines had done to
Saul, 1 2 They arofe, all the valiant men, and
took away the body of Saul, and the
bodies of his fons, and brought them to
Jabefh, and buried their bones under
the *oak in Jabefh, and m fafted feven
days. 1 3 ^[ So Saul died for liis tranfgreffion
which he committed againft the Lord,
n even againft the word of the Lord,
which he kept not, and alfo for. afking
counfel of one that had a familiar fpirit, to
"inquire of it;
1 4 And inquired not of the Lord :
therefore he flew him, and p turned the
kingdom unto David the fon of Jeffe.

Reflections upon Chap. X.- — Behold how God ftains the
pride of human glory! He is fovereign, but righteous'and terrible,
ia all his judgments! The hands of finners often make the fnares

CHAP. XI.

Before Chrift
1048. .

Moftly coincides with 2 Sam. v. and xxiii. Here we
have ( i ) David advanced to the throne of Ifrael,
by the common confent of the people, fome years after c
Saul's death; I — 3. (2) His forcing the caftle of
Zion and city of Jerufalem, by the bravery of Joab,
from the Jebufites, and waxing greater and greater ;
4 — 9. (3) An account of his principal warriors,
and their moft remarkable exploits; 10 — 47.
THEN aall Ifrael gathered themfelves
to David unto Hebron, faying, Be
hold, we are b thy bone and thy flefh.
2 And moreover in time paft, ceven
when Saul was king, thou wafl he that
leddeft out and broughteft in Ifrael : and
the Lord thy God faid unto thee, Thou
fhalt * feed my people Ifrael, and thou
fhalt be ruler over my people Ifrael.
3 Therefore came all the elders of
Ifrael to the king to Hebron; and David
d made a covenant with them in Hebron
before the Lord ; and they anointed
David king over Ifrael, e according to the
word of the Lord + by Samuel.
4 5T And David and all Ifrael f went to
Jerufalem, which is Jebus ; where the
Jebufites were, the inhabitants of the
land. 5 And the inhabitants of Jebus faid to
David, g Thou fhalt not come hither.
Neverthelefs, David took the caftle of
Zion, which is the city of David.
6 And David faid, Whofoever fmiteth
the Jebufites firft fhall be h chief and
captain. So Joab the fon of Zeruiah went
firft up, and was chief.
7 And David dwelt in the caftle ;
therefore they called ^it the city of David.
8 And he built the city round about,
even from ' Millo round about ; and Joab
II repaired, the reft of the city.
9 So David * waxed greater and greater ;
k for the Lord of hofts was with him.
10 f ' Thefe alfo are the chief of the
mighty men whom David had, who
+ ftrengthened themfelves with him in
his kingdom, and -with all Ifrael, to make

a2Sam.s.i_3. Ch.
12. 23—39. If- "•

b Gen. 2. 23. Sc 20,
14. Judg. 9. 2.
Eph. 5. 30,
c 1 Sam. iS, 13, 16,
ia.

* Or rule.

d 2 Kin. 11. 17. Sc
14. 21. 8c 23. 30.
Judg. 11. 11.
e 1 Sam. 13. 14. Sc
15. 28, Sc 16. 13.
2 Sam. 2. 4. Pf. z,
6. Sc 89. 19, 20.
f Heb. by the hand of.
f 2 Sam. 5. 6 — 10.
Jofh. 1 j. 63. Judg.
1. 21. Sc 19. 1 ijii.

1047-
g 2 Sam. 5. 6, 7.
1 Sam, 17. cf, to.

h.Heb. bead. Ch. IS,
5, & 27. 34. 2 Sam.
8. 16. Sc 20. 23.
1 Kin, 1. 7.

X That is, Zio-i.
z Sam. 5. 7. Pf. 2;
6.

i 1 Kin. 9. 15. & II.
27.
II Heb. revived.
* Heb. went in go'ng
and increafing.
k Rom 8. 31.If.4f.
10, 14, IS-
1 2Sam. 23. S— 39.
Pf. xv ii. cxliv.
cxlviii.
t Or held flronil}
with him.

with which themfelves are caught. And difobedience to God, and
intimacy with the devil, moft certainly bring to ruin perfens, fami
lies, and nations..

Exploits of David's mighty men CHAP.
Before chrift fjjm king? »» acCording to the word of the
;,Sam.„:.4.&Js. Lord concerning Ifrael.
1 1 And this is the number ofthe mighty

and principal heroes.

28. & 16.1,13, 14-
I°4!Jt° T! men whom David had; n Jafhobeam an
nOr^AfointheEz- 1 - 1 • /• /¦ 1
ni». 2sam.23.8. Hachmonite, the chief of the captains:
°th=TanfeJ'oc'caffon he lifted up his fpear0 againft three hun-
SLSET dred flain hy him at one time-
toe""10' 12 And after him was Eleazar the fon
Pi sam. 23- <m°- of Dodo the p Ahohite, who was one of
ch. 8. 4. « 27. 4. . - .
. the three mighties.
^fsam^iT"'"' 13 He was with David at q Paf-
dammim, and there the Philiftines were
gathered together to battle, where was a
parcel of "ground full of barley ; and the
rA?isam.i7.u& people r fled from before the Philiftines.
toipf'zl 14 And they + fet themfelves in the
midft of that parcel, and delivered it, and
sPf.M.Prov.2,. flew the Philiftines; and the Lord * faved
11 or faivaticn. them by a great " deliverance..
'*?le'rhih"S'm *5 % Now *' three of the thirty cap-
t2sam. 23.12. tains went down to the rock to David,
into the cave of Adullam; and the hoft
of the Philiftines encamped in the valley
* ?sr S^f ' tf u Rephaim.
ch^:,;.8/-22' 16 And David was then in the xhold,
x\"di]'iT^' and the Philiftines' y garrifon was then at
yi'jos'&,3 Beth-lehem.
*j- ' 17 And David longed, and faid, Oh
that one would give me drink of the
zjo,hnh4STo?)l4'5- z water ofthe well of Beth-lehem, that is
at the gate!
18. And the three brake through the
hoft of the Philiftines, and drew water
out of the well of Beth-lehem, that was
by the gate, and took it, and brought it
to David 1 but David would, not drink of
"i?;&!te it, abut poured it out to the Lord.
19 And faid, My God forbid it me that

Before Chrift
IO47. ~

e 2 Sam. 23, 20 — 23..
- Kin.

¦'

ing for his prefer
vation ofthe men,

I fhould do this thing : fhall I drink the
*£5&Ji** Wood of thefe menb that have put their
either*' hves in jeopardy? forc with the jeopardy
sc'o'r.^Vw'i.h' of their lives they brought it. Therefore
iji.74-i4.&ji6. ^e wou|(j not drink jt> Thefe things did

* J Sam. 23. 18, 10.
ch. 2. 16. 1 Sam.

thefe three mightieft.
20 And d Abifhai the brother of Joab,

!'&""•% he was chief of the three: for, lifting up
his fpear againft three hundred, he flew
them, and had a name among the three.
21 Of the three he was more honour
able than the two ; for he Was their

captain : howbeit, he attained not to the
frfl three.
22 e Benaiah the fon of Jehoiada the e &».'?!
fon of a valiant man of Kabzeel, + who +^b.'^,o/l"",
had done many acfs, he flew two lion-like
men of Moab; alfo he went down and
flew a lion in a pit in a fnowy day.
23 And he flew an Egyptian, +a man t^*-f'm^n"*"
of great ftature, five cubits high; and in
. 1 ° r, , , , r «i-i f Ch. 20. 5. 1 Sam.
tne h,gyptian s hand was a fpear like a '?• ?¦
weaver's beam ; and he went down to him
with a ftaff, and plucked the fpear out of
the Egyptian's hand, and flew him s with 8U»S:ij.Sl
his own fpear.
24 Thefe things did Benaiah the fon of
Jehoiada, and had a name among the
three mighties.
25 Behold, he was honourable among
the thirty, but attained not to the firfk
three : and David fet him over his
II cruard. ILOr council.
26 h Alfo the valiant men ofthe armies ^ff-st '1^'
were, Afahei the brother of Toab, Elhanan iiaShef«Le
I r r t-v l r* T« l i l different from
the fon of Dodo of Beth-lehem, ?i£u*eLdfiX?
27 Shamoth the ;Harorite,. Helez the SSS,!"
te. TO 1 * count are added
Jr elonite, after Uriah- Ver»
28 Ira the fon of Ikkifh the Tekoite, isfel,Mj,i,a.
Abi-ezer the Antothite, ~*»*y.^
" c~,'i -r rt 1 • J. 1 kOtPaltite. 2Sam.
29 "v Sibbecai the Hufhathite, +].laithe 2}-215-
a 1 -1 > . * Of Mebunnaj*
Ahohite, ^ n _ ,
J-* ii- il* Zahnon.
30 Maharai the Netophathite, 'Heled i0lftw. 2Sam_
the fon of Baanah the Netophathite,
31 Ithai the fon of Ribai of Gibeahr
that pertained to the children of Benjamin,.
Benaiah the Pirathonite,
3.2 m Hurai of the brooks of Gaafh, "V 30. "'' 2 "'
n Abiel the Arbathite, n Jfc^&L
2-2 Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba.
the Shaalbonite,
34 The fons of ° Hafhem the Gizonite,. "%7ltm- lSim"
Jonathan the fon of Shage the Hararite,
25 Ahiam the fon of Sacar the Hararite,
+ Eliphal the fon of p Ur, to,**w* ,t
V Vt 1 1 Tiyri i * Ai**t V OrAbasbai. iSlMtit,
36 Hepher the Mecheratlnte, Ahijah a3- 34-
the Pelonite,
2f Hezro the Carmelite, 1'Naarai the v^f™1- *s*m:
fon of Ezbai,
38 rJoel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar '%*£ 2Sam-
the * fon of Haggeri , x or a-, «•..««¦;«.
39 Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the

Chiefs who came t$

I. CHRONICLES.

David at Zikldg*

Detbre Chrifl
JO48 to IO15.

a Jofh. 15.48. ch. 2.
50, 55. 2 bam. %i-
58.
taSam. 11.3.&24.
39. 1 Kin. 15- s-
H Perhaps tfce'e laft
fixteen were 1 f
le.s noie,a'-idfo ai e
not adJerf in Sa-
, muel,or we re dead
before that roll
vv.is forme 1...

* Or Sh'mrite.

cir. 1056.
a 2 Sam. 27. 2, 6.
* Heb. being yet
fhut up.
h 1 Sam. xviii—
xxvii.

c Judg. 20. 16.
I Sam. 17. 49.

f Or HafAAab.
d Jofh. 18. 28.
I ba,n. 11. 4.

Berothlte, the armour bearer of Joab the
fon of Zeruiah,
40 Ira the s Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,
- 41 f Uriah the Hittite, H Zabad the fon
of Ahlai,
42 Adina the fon of Shiza the Reuben-
ite, a captain of the Reubenites, and thirty
with him,
43 Hanan the fon of Maachah, and
Jofnaphat the Mithnite,
44 Uzzia the Afhterathite, Shama and
Jehiel the fons of Hothan the Aroerite,
45 Jediael the *fon of Shimri, and Joha
his brother the Tizite,
46 Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai, and
Jofhaviah, the fons of Elnaam, andlthmah
the Moabite,
47 Eliel, and Obed, and Jafiel the Me-
fobaite. CHAP. XII.
David had patiently waited for the vacancy of the
throne of Ifrael by Saul's death ; and by two fteps,
at feven years diftance, he afcended it. Here we are
informed ( i ) TVhat help came to him at Ziklag,
- from the tribes of Benjamin, Gad, Judah, and Ma
naffeh, to make him. "king of Judah; I — 22.
(2) JVhat help came to him at Hebron, from all the
tribes, to make him king over all Ifrael; 23 — 40.
about 350,000 in all.
NOW" thefe are they that came to
David to Ziklag * while he yet kept
himfelf clofe b becaufe of Saul the fon of
Kifh : and they were among the mighty
men, helpers of the war.
2 'They were armed with bows, and
could ufe both the c right hand, and the
left in hurling ftones and f hooting arrows
out of a bow, even of Saul's brethren of
Benjamin. 3 The chief was Ahiezer, then Joafh,
the fons of + Shemaah the dGibeathite;
and Jeziel, and Pelet, the fons of Azma-

Before Chrifl
e See jofliT 21. ilj." "
fSee Jolh. 9; 3. (c
18. 25.

g Jolh. ij. 36.

h Neh.

7.27.

i Jofh. ij. 36, 58,
ch. 4. 4, 18, 39,

veth ; and Berachah, and Jehu the e An-
tothite. 4 And Ifmaiah the f Gibeonite, a mighty
man among the thirty, and over the
thirty; and Jeremiah, and Jahaziel, and
Johanan, and Jozabad the s Gederathite,
5 Eluzai, and Jerimoth, and Bealiah^
and Shemariah, and Shephatiah the hHa-
ruphite, 6 Elkanah, and Jefiah, and Azareel,
and Joezer, and Jafhobeam, the Korhites,
7 And Joelah, and Zebadiah, the fons
of Jeroham of ' Gedor.
8 And of the Gadites there feparated About io5g.
themfelves unto David, into ,kthe hold to ky^-£-'4>*%
the wildernefs, men of might, and men
+ of war fit for the battle, that could *«•*••/<*« v.
handle fhield and buckler, whofe l faces * *%%%.* *%%
were like the faces of lions,. and were "as '-n- **¦'«• ;
r . n 1 -1 . • H Heb, as the roes ufm
fwift as the roes upon tne mountains : **« «r-^- 1.
9 Ezer the firft, Obadiah the fecond,
Eliab the third,
10 Mifhmannah the fourth; Jeremiah
the fifth,
1 1 Attai the fixth, Eliel the feventh,
12 Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the
ninth, 13 Jeremiah the tenth, Machbanai the
eleventh. 14 Thefe were of the fons of Gad,
captains of the hoft : ra one of the leaft m,?:rj.lffr^l '
was over an hundred, *and the greateft
over a thoufand.
.15 Thefe are they that went over
Jordan in the firft month, when it "had
* overflown all his banks ; and they put
to flight all them of the valleys', -both to
ward the eaft and toward the weft.
1 6 And there came of the children of
Benjamin and Judah" to the hold unto
David.

leaf! could refill
an hundred, and
the iireatejl a thou.
fand. Lev. 26. 8.

nJofh.3.is.&4.rt. Jer. 12. $. Sc 49.
19. with Song 8. 7.
Rom. 8. 35.
* Heb. filed over. .

0 Ch. 11 16. ver. 8,
1 Sam. 23. 14,39*
& 24, 22.

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — Here let me obferve that
God's counfels will be fulfilled, whatever difficulties lie in the
way ; that pride goeth before deftruiSt-ion ; and that men,
after long wearying themfelves in vain, are fometimes made to
underftand the things which belong to their peace, and return to
their own mercy. There is a real contract between kings and
their fubjetfts, which both parties ought religioufly to obferve:
Hopes of preferment ftrongly induce carnal men to their duty ;
and the ftrength and profperity of kings depend, under God,
chiefly upon their fervants. But the providential or fpiritual pre
fence of God with men is thc true caufe of their ftrength and for

titude,; and the way to be great and famous is to do remarkable ^
fervices to bur God, our king, and our country. Great men
ought never to be prodigal of the lives of their fubje£b ; but, if
their rafhnefs hath brought others into danger, they ought bitterly
to repent of it, and to ftudy mere felf denial : and if we have any
thing fupgr-excellent, the Lord ought to be honoured with it.
But were not thefe chiefs typical of Jefus Chrift's apoftles, faithful
minifters and followers, who. by faith do marvellous exploits,
wreftle ( with principalities and powers,; and are more than con
querors through him that loved them!

Before Chrift
io;6.
t-Heb.-t*

2Cor. 13. n-
I Cor. 1. io.
• Oi-.«k'- '*>™--
24. II, 17. 65 26.
Iii.
I Zech. 3. 2. Jnde9
Gen. 16. 5. 1 Sam
24. 12, IS-

t

de 3, 10. Sc 6. 34.
:13.2s.

David's chief ajfiflants.
1 7 And David went out t to meet
them, and anfwered and faid unto them,
If ye be come peaceably unto me to help
PHeb.s«»«. *En. me mine heart fliall pbe knit unto you:
^,0.15. Phil. 1.27. ' , . y .
but if j)/<? 0£ cow to betray me to mine
enemies, feeing there is no q wrong in
mine hands, the God of our fathers look
thereon, and r rebuke it.
1 8 Then 5the fpirit came upon 'Amafai,
who was chief of the captains, and he
tCrf.lfsllctn.Sifaid, Thine are we, David, and on thy
fide, thou fon of Jeffe: peace, peace be
unto thee, and peace be to thine helpers;
for thy God helpeth thee. Then David
received them, and made them captains
of the band.
1 9 And there fell fome of Manaffeh to
David, when he came with the Philiftines
againft Saul to battle; but they helped
them not ; for "the lords of the Philiftines,
upon advifement, fent him away, faying,
% Heb. mm, heads. He will fall to his mafter Saul * to the
jeopardy qf our heads.
20 As he x went to Ziklag there fell to
him, of Manaffeh, Adnah, and Jozabad,
and Jediael, and Michael, and Jozabad,
and Elihu, and Zilthai, captains of the
thoufands that were of Manaffeh.
2 1 And they helped David y H againft
the band qf the rovers: for they were all
z mighty men of valour, and were captains
in the hoft.
22 For at that time aday by day there
came to David to help him, until it was
a great hoft, like the hoft of God.
23 *[[ And b thefe are the numbers of
the * r bands that were ready armed to
the war, and came to David to Hebron,
to turn the kingdom of Saul to him,
According to the word of the Lord.
24 d The children ofjudah, that bare
fhield and fpear, were fix thoufand and
hundred, ready * armed to the

CHAP. XII.

Ajfiflants at David's coronation.

1056.

,1 1 Sam. 29. 2—4.

X I Sam. 29. II.
Ccn.22. 14. Deut
33. ZS.

y 1 Sam. 30. 1—17.
;. e. Amalekites.
|| Or with a band.
z Ch. 5. 24.

a zSam.' 2. 3, 4. Sc
3. J. Heb. 11. 34.
Jcb 17. 9,

3048.
* lS»m. ;.z, 3.ch.
11. 1 — 3.&10.14.
* Or captains,or men.
t Heb. heads.

e 1 Sam. 13, 14. &
J- 28. & 16. 12-
14- Pf- 2. 6. & 89.
J9-35- Gen. 49.
8—10. ch. 11. 3,
10.
d Gen. 46. 12. Num.
I. 26, 27. & 2. 3,
4- Sc 26. 22.
~% Or prepared.
<Nnm. I. 22,23. Sc
2. 12, 13. Sc 26. 12
—14. ch. 4. 24—
43. with Gets. 46.
ID.
f Cen. 46. 11. Exod.
32. 27, 28. Num.
:a. 46,48.0c 25. 8.
»Kin. ji. a— ij.

eight war.

25 e Of the children of Simeon, mighty
men of valour for the war, feven thoufand
and one hundred.
26 Of f the children of Levi four thou
fand and fix hundred.
27 And Jehoiada was the leader of the

Aaronites, and with him were three thou
fand and feven hundred.
28 And s Zadok, a young man mighty
of valour, and of his father's houfe twenty
and two captains.
29 hAnd of the children of Benjamin,
the 'I kindred of Saul, three thoufand : for
hitherto * the greateft part of them ' had Jl Heb
kept the ward ofthe houfe of Saul.
20 k And of the children of Ephraim ilSa
twenty thoufand and eight hundred,
mighty men of valour, ' famous through
out the houfe of their fathers.
And of the m half tribe of Manaffeh

Before Chrift
1048.

g2Sam. 8.17. I Kin.
I. 8. Sc 2. 35-

31

hGen. 46.2T. Num.
I. 36, 37. Sc 2. zi,
,23. l*- -.6. -,% — 41.
ch. viii. ix.
brethren.
Heb. a multitude ef
them. am. 2. 8, 9.
46. 20. Sc 48.
19. Num.i. 32, 33,
& z. 18, 19. Sczli.
35 — 37/ ch. 7. 10
—27.
1 Heb. men of names.
Gen. 6. 4,
ni Who dwelt on the
wed of Jordan.
Jofh. xvii.

n Gen. 46. i3..Ntim.
1.28,29. Sc 26.23
— 25. Sc 2. 5, 6.
cb. 7. 1—5.

1. 13. Mat, 16. 3.

p Gen. 46. 14. Num.
I. 30, 31. ^v-2.7,8.
& 26. 26, 27.
fOr rangers 0/ battle,
or ranted m battle.

r t Or fet the battle in
OI array.
q Heb. without a
heart and a heart.
Not PI'. 12. 2. but
John I. 47.

r Gen. 46.24. Num.
I. 38— 43. & z. 25
— 31, Sc 26. 42— p
5°-

eighteen thoufand, who were expreffed
by name, to come and make David king.
32 And n of the children of Iflachar,
who were men that had ° underftanding of
the times, to know what Ifrael ought to ° ?^; i* Is;P,h-
do ; the heads of them were two hundred,
and all their brethren were at their com
mandment. 33 p Of Zebulun, fuch as went forth
to battle, + expert in war, with all in
ftruments of war, fifty thoufand, who
+ could keep rank : they were i not
double heart.
34 And r of Naphtali a thoufand cap
tains, and with them, with fhield and
fpear, thirty and feven thoufand.
35 And of the Danites, expert in war,
twenty and eight thoufand and fix hun
dred. 36 And of Afher, fuch as went forth to
battle, I' expert in war, forty thoufand.
2f And son the other fide of Jordan,
of the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and
of the half tribe of Manaffeh, with all
manner of inftrumeiits of war for the
battle, an hundred and twenty thoufand.
38 'All thefe men of war
keep rank, came with a perfect heart to
Hebron, to make David king over all
Ifrael : and all the reft alfo of Ifrael were
of one heart to make David king.
39 And there they were with David
three days u eating and drinking ; for their u Iffftlttf.
brethren had prepared for them.
40 Moreover, they that were nigh
them, even unto Iffachar, and Zebulun,

[1 Or Utping tkft
rani.

. Joflu

j.S-

Num. 32--JT. J
3. IZ^TJ.&IJ,
33. & xxii. Num.
2,1. 25, 35. Zc ib.
7, 18, 34.

that could ^f&'h0'^ 21,22. Rev. it.i$.,
If.II.lO.&Uv.U.

Efth. 1. j, 4.

David's attempt to

I. CHRONICLES.

bring up the ark.

Before Chrift
10A8.

x Or victual of meal.
Lev. 1. a, s, 7.
l3aui. 25. 18.
2 Sam. 16. 1.

¦ y Prov. 29/2. & 11.
10. Jer. 23. 5, 6.
Rev. 11. 17.65 10.
i— 8.

1045,
B.Eccl. 4. 9. Prov. re.
22. Sc 20. 18. Sc
14.6. 2 Km. 23. 1.

•fe z Kin. 9. 15. Pf.
131. I, 2. 1 Kin.
12.7.

eiSam. 31.1,7. If-
37- 4-
-d'Num. iii. iv. xviii.
' ch. 6. _54— So.

e 1 Sam. 7. 1, z. Sc
11. 12.

f2S2m. 3.36.
g 2 Sam. 6. 1. 1 Kin.
4, 21. Jofh. 13.3-
6. Num. 34. 5 — 8,
Judg. 20. l. 2 Sam,
24. 2.

and Naphtali, brought bread on afles,
and on camels, and on mules, and on
oxen, and* meat, meal, cakes of figs, and
bunches of raifins, and wine, and oil,
and oxen, and fheep abundantly ; for
there was yjoy in Ifrael.
CHAP. XIII.
Coincides with 2 Sam. vi. The civil government being
happily fettled, David here takes care for religion.
( I ) He, and the reprefentatives of his people, con-
fult and refolve on bringing the ark of God out of the
obfcurity in which it had long continued, at Kirjath-
jearim, to a more public place at Jerufalem ; I — 4.
(2) The Ifraelites being affembled, they bring it away;
but on a cart, inftead of the Levites' fhoulders ; 5 — 8.
(3) For touching it, Uzza, who drove the cart, is
ftruck dead; which, for the prefent, fpoils the folem
nity, and fops their proceedings ; -9 — 14.
AN D David a confulted with the
captains of thoufands and hundreds,
and with every leader.
2 And David faid unto all the congre
gation of Ifrael, bIf it feem good, unto you,
and that it be of the Lord our God, let
us fend abroad unto our brethren every
where, that are cleft in all the land of
Ifrael, and with them alfo d to the priefts
and Levites which are in their cities and
fuburbs, that they may gather themfelves
unto us :
3 And let us bring again the ark of our
God to us: for we e inquired not at it in
the days of Saul.
4 And all the congregation faid
they would do fo: for the
f right in the eyes of all the people
5 So s David gathered all Ifrael toge
ther, from Shihor of Egypt even unto the
entering of Hemath, to bring the ark of
God from Kirjath-jearim.

that

thing

was

Before Chrift
IQ4S-
h Jolh. 15 j. 1 Sara.
PI'. 131

6 And David went up, and all Ifrael, to
h Baalah, that is to Kirjath-jearim, which ....
belonged to Judah, to bring up thence the i'sam,'^.'51'
ark of God the Lord, * that dwelleth '^fftJS;
between the cherubims, whofe name ia
called on it.
7 And they * carried the ark of God
k in a new cart out of the houfe of Abi- k"",m-4-Js.ch.,s
2) IJ- 2 Sam. 6.3,4
nadab : and Uzza and Ahio drove the
cart. 8 And David and all Ifrael ' played be
fore God with all their might, and with
finging, and with harps, and with pfalte-
riesm, and with timbrels, and with cym
bals, and with trumpets.
9 f And, when they came unto the
threfhing floor of "Chidon, Uzza °put
forth his hand to hold the ark; for the
oxen "•" Humbled.
10 And the anger of the Lord was
kindled againft Uzza, and he fmote him,
p becaufe he put his hand to the ark : and
there he died q before God.
1 1 And David was difpleafed, becaufe
the Lord had made a breach upon Uzza :
wherefore that place is called + Perez-uzza
to this day.
1 2 And David was afraid of God that
day, faying, r How fhall I bring the ark
of God home to me ?
1 3 So David " brought not the ark
home to himfelf to the city of David, but
carried it afide into -the houfe of 5 Obed-
edom the Gittite.
1 4 And the ark of God remained with
the family of Obed-edom ' in his houfe
three months. And the Lord blefled
the houfe of Obed-edom, and all that
he had.

* Heb. made the art
to ride.

l2Sam.6.5.Kxxiv. xlvii. Ixvi-rlxviii,

mPf. 68. 25-27,6
150. 1— 6,

n Or Nachm. zSim,
6. 6.
0 Num. 4, 15.
t Or fhook it.

pNnm.irj.cri. if.
2, tt. Deut. 12.8.
Jolh. 6. 6. 1 Sam.
6. 19. & v.
q Lev. 10. 2. Num.
14- 37- Pf. 50. 16,
22. 1 Cor. 10. 30.
2 Chr. 26. 16, 20.
tTtiz'is,Tbebrtitt ofJJxxak..

r Job 4.17. &2J.S.
Pf. 119. 120.-

II Heb. rtmtvcd.

5 2 Sam. 6. 10^12.
ch. 15. 18, 24. Sc
26. 4, 8, 15.

tCh. 16. 5. 2 Sam. 6.
10. Gen. 30. 27. Sc
39-5. ch. 26. 4-
8. Mat. 6. ij.
2 Cor, 2. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — The Lord can eafily bow
the hearts of men, and turn them whitherfoever he pleafes, to ac
complifh his promifes. And, when we are in the v/ay to Jefus
and our duty, no high-fwelled Jordans of difficulty ought to hin
der or difcourage us. Swiftly ought we to flee from evil, and
boldly to maintain the caufe of truth. Such as have once been
endangered by falfe friends had need to be cautious. And with
great prudence, and the kindeft affe&ion, fhould great men receive
and entertain thofe who come to their help in a time of diftrefs.
With prudent earneftnefs ought we to join thofe whom the Lord
plainly favours, helps, and protects ; and much more to join with
Jefus Chrift, in whom his foul delights, and who exalts all his
fcrvants to high and eternal honours. How often God raifes up

help for his people in the very moments in which they moft need
it ! And hopeful is the ftate of a kingdom when kings afcerid their
throne, to the univerfal fatisfaclion of their fubjecls, efpecially the
moft pious and prudent. Thus may the nations quickly flock
to Jefuf, when he takes to himfelf his great power and reigns!
May all the ends of the earth remember, and turn to the Lord ; — •
and the kingdoms of this world become the kingdoms of our Lord
and of his Chrift !
Reflections up.on Chap. XIII. — To have God with us, a-s
the foundation of all true felicity, fhould be our firft and principal
defire. But refpect paid to thofe whom we command engages
their confent, and is the way to be obeyed with cheerfulnefs. In

Of David's palace and family.

CHAP. XIV.

His two victories over the Philiflines.

Before Chriii
' 1046.

a 2 Sam. e 11, 12.
iKin. 5. 1.

t p* 75. 6, 7. &
127. 1.

H 2 Sam. «. 12. & 7,
8, 9. & 12. 7.
Rum. 13. 4. II. I.
26. Sc 43.4.
d 1 Sam. 5. 13—16.
ch. 3. 5—8. with
Deut. 17. 17-

eCh.3.;— 9. 2 Sam.
5. 14—16. 1033.
* So called after the
prophet his re
prover.
f Elifhama. Ch.3.6.

g-Or Eliada. 2 Sam.
j. 16. ch. 3. 8.

1047.
h iSam. 5. .17— 23,
Jofh.io.j.&n.2.Saw. 11. 17, 1?. Sc
- fj. 14- W-2. 1— 5-
&.I18. ic— 13. &
22. 16.
1 Or Giants. See
2 Sam. 5.18, 22.
Gen. 14. 5. Jolh.
15. 8. If. 17. J.
kjndg.i.i. &20. 18,
23, 2S. 1 Sam. 23.
2, 4, 12. Sc 30. 7.
Mum. 27.21.
2 Sam. z. 1. Be 5.
19. Prov. 3. 5, 6.
Pf. 73. 28.

CHAP. XIV.
Coincides with 2 Sam. v.; II- — 25. Here we have
( 1 ) David's kingdom eftablifhed, and palace built ;
1,2. (2) His family increafed; 3 — 7. (3) His
enemies the Philiftines routed in two campaigns, ma
naged by God's direclion ; 8 — 17.
NOW a Hiram king of Tyre fent
meflengers to David, and timber
of cedars, with'mafons and carpenters, to
build him an houfe.
2 % And David perceived that the
bLoRD had confirmed him king over
Ifrael, for his kingdom was lifted up on
high, c becaufe of his people Ifrael.
3 ^ And David d took more wives at
Jerufalem ; and David begat more fons
and daughters.
4 e Now thefe are the names of his
children which he had in Jerufalem ;
Shammua, and Shobab, * Nathan, and
Solomon, 5 And Ibhar, and fElifhua, and Elpalet,
6 And Nogah, and Nepheg, and Ja-
phia, .
7 And Elifhama, and e Beeliada, and
Eliphalet. 8 f . And, when the Philiftines h heard
that David was anointed king over all
Ifrael, all the Philiftines went up to feek
David. And David heard of it, and went
out againft them.
9 And the Philiftines came and fpread
themfelves in the valley of ' Rephaim.
10 And David* inquired of God, fay
ing, Shall I go up againft the Philiftines ?

the multitude ©f cpunfellcrs there is much, but not all, fafety.
In the fettlement of true religion magiftrates ought to manage fo
as to recommend it to the approbation of all their fubjefts, and to
aft as nurfing parents, not as ravening wolves. All who fear God
ought to rejoice when religion is countenanced and promoted ;
and, when princes are adtive, minifters fhould heartily correfpond
with their godly defigns. Great care ought to be taken in correct
ing the miftakes of former times, which have paffed unpunifhed.
But not the leaft commandment of God ought ever to be over
looked ; for the ignorance of thofe, who minifter before God's
ark, is efpecially criminal and dangerous. With all our joys we
had need to join, trembling. For a feemingly fmall mifcarriage
God may quickly turn our temple fongs into howlings ; and dif-
couragements are apt to cool our zeal in the way of duty. But
how profitable may the ark, the Chrift, the gofpel, of God, be to1
fome, while it is the favour of death unto others !
Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — No man hath fuch fuffi-
ciency of his own as not to need the help, of his neighbours. Let
Vol. I.

and wilt thou deliver them into mine
hand? And the Lord faid unto him, Go
up; for I will deliver them into thine
hand. 1 1 So they came up to Baal-perazirn ;
and David fmote them there. Then
David faid, ' God hath broken in upon
mine enemies by mine hand like the
breaking forth of waters : therefore they
called the name of that place m Baal-
perazim. 1 2 And, when they had left their gods
there, David gave a commandment, and
they n were burned with fire.
13 And the Philiftines" yet again fpread
themfelves abroad in the valley.
1 4 Therefore David inquired again of
God ; and God faid unto him, Go not up
after them ; turn away from them, and
come upon them over againft the mulberry
trees. 15 And it fhall be, when thoup fhalt
hear a found of going in the tops of the
mulberry trees, that then thou fhalt go
out to battle; for God is gone forth
before thee to fmite the hoft of the Phi
liftines. 16 David therefore did as God com
manded him. And they fmote the hoft
of the Philiftines from 1 Gibeon even to
Gazer. 17 And the rfame of David went out
into all lands ; and the Lord brought the
fear of"him upon all nations.

Before Chrift
1047.

lPf.44. t.Sc iij. 1.
Sc 118 10 — 13. Be
92.7,9,10. 2 Sam,
S. 20.

m That is, Lord of
breaches, li. 28. 21.

11 Deut. 7. 25. Exod.
32, 30. 2Kiri. 2},
4, 6, Hi 16.
0 2 Sam. 5. 22. 1 Kin.
20.22. If. 26.11.
PI. 2. 1—4.

1047.

p iKin. 7. 6. Sc tt},
7. "Hab. 3". 6 — 15,
Judg.- 7. 9-l5.
Lev. to. 7, 8, t<s.

q See Jofh. 9. 17. Si
10.32.& 21.17,21.
2 Sam. j. 25. The
battle was fought
near Gibeon and
Geba.
r Ch. ii. 2 Chr, 26.
S. 2 Sam. 7. 9. &
K2. 29—49. Pf. 99.
I, Rev. 15. 4.

me therefore be thankful for their affiftance : but let my fufficiency
be of God. It is pleafant for the godly to difcern God's- hand,
even in their earthly fettlements. And all advancements ought to
be confidered as intended for ufefulnefs, — for the glory of God,
and good of mankind. Rarely do even good men profper in
wordly things, without waxing fecure and too indulgent to the
flefh. Little eafe indeed muft be expected in this world to the
church of Chrift, or to the fouls of his people. But. if Vv"c acknow
ledge the Lord in all our ways, he will dire£t our paths, and make
us more than conquerors. Carefully muft we attend to the direc
tions of his word, or even motions of his Spirit and providence:
and, depending on his conducl: and ftrength, we may gird up our
loins, gird on our armour, refift the devil, and make him to flee
from us. If God deliver my corruptions into my hand, let me,
all inflamed with holy zeal, burn them up, and mark the ftrongeft
deteftation of idolatry, and every monument of it. And let Jefus
have all the glory:— -let his name only be exalted, and his glory
nil the whole earth.

4H

1 •
David's fecond attempt to bring the ark ; I. CHRONICLES. which, being regular,- is fuccefsful

Before Chrift
1045.

C H A . P. XV.
Partly coincides with 2- Sam. vi; 12 — 25. and informs
us how the ark was brought up to Jerufalem. ( I ) It
was done more regularly than before ; for a place
•was prepared for it ; and the priefts, the chief of
•whom are mentioned, were ordered to. carry it; 1 — -
15: and the fingers, and other Levites, had their
' office affigned them in attending it; 16 — 24. (2) It
was done more fucccefsfully than before ; for the Le
vites made no miftake in their work, being helped of
God, 26 ; and David and his fubjecls met with no
damp of their joy ; 25, 27, 28. Yet (3) It was not
dine without fome contempt from Michal, David's
wife; 29.
AN D David made him houfes in the
city of David, and prepared A a place
for the ark of God, and pitched for it a
tent. 2 Then David faid, * None ought to
carry the ark of God but the Levites ;
, for them hath b the Lord chofen to carry
I. zW.'ii. 3. ' the ark of God, and to minifter unto him
for ever.
3 And David c gathered all Ifrael toge
ther to Jerufalem, to bring up the ark of
the Lord unto his place which he had
prepared for it.
4 And David affembled d the children
of Aaron and the Levites :
5 e Of the fons of Kohath ; Uriel the
chief, and his + brethren an hundred and
twenty :
6 Of the fons of Merari; Afaiah the
chief, and his brethren two hundred and
twenty: 7 Of the- fons of Gerfhom-; Joel the
chief, and his brethren an hundred and
thirty :
8 Of the fons of fElizaphan; Shemaiah
the chief, and his^rethren two hundred:
9 Of the fons of s Hebron; Eliel the
chief, and his brethren fourfcore:
10 Of the fons of hUzziel; ¦ Ammina
dab the chief, and his brethren an hun
dred and twelve.
1 i" And David called for * Zadok and
Abiathar the priefts, and for the Levites ;
for Uriel, Afaiah, and Joel, Shemaiah, and
Eliel, and Amminadab ;
kExod,9,o,j; 12 And faid unto them, Ye are the
CvvHTrl' chiefofthefathersoftheLevites: kfancfify
1;"^^]; yourfelves, both ye and your brethren,

a 2 Sam. 6. 17. Pf.
132. 2-J.

• Heb. it ii not to
err y the arh .fCed,
hut for the Levites.
h Num. 4. z, 15.
Dent. 10. 8. & 31

e 2 Sam. 6. 11,
(h. ij. S-

4 Num. 18. 1—7. &
iii. iv.

cExort.6. 16,18, 22.
Num. iii. jv, ch. 6.
I, &c. St 24. 7—
t Of hinfettn.

flfd. 6, 22. Lev.
10.4.

g EHod. 6. 18.
ch. 23. 19.

-li F.xcd. 6- 18. Lev.
Jo. 4. ch. 26. 20.

3 Ch. 18. 16. 2 Sam.
8.17. Sc 15.24,29,
35. Sc 2a 21. ver.
5—10.

Before Chrift
.I°4S-

ch. 16. 5. & 6. 3,1.
ver. 19—21.

that ye may bring up the ark of the Lord
God of Ifrael unto the place that I have
prepared for it. ,
13 For, ! becaufe ye did it not at the '^^^i1*
firft, the Lord our God made a breach 4'smi- "
upon us, for that we fought him not after
the due order. ,
14 So the priefts and the Levites fanc^-
tifiedm themfelves to bring up the ark of "S^SS
the Lord God of Ifrael. : It*1.^'
15 And the children of the Levites
bare the ark of God upon their fhoulders
with the ftaves thereon,- as "Mofes com- "^VkV™'
manded, according to the word of the Dei"l,g'
Lord. :
16 And David ° fpake to the p chief of ° ^V"1*
the Levites to appoint their brethren to^-^fi^fX.
be the fingers with inftruments of mufic,
.pfalteries, and harps, and cymbals, found
ing, by lifting up the voice with joy.
17 So the Levites appointed * Heman *%t$'^t
the fon of Joel ; and of his brethren, ^viiifiixixix,
Afaph the fon of Berechiah ; and of the
fons of Merari their brethren, Ethan the
fon of Kufliaiah ;
18 And with them their brethren of
the fecond degree, Zechariah, Ben, and
rJaaziel, and Shemiramdth, and Jehiel, r0r '**"'• Ver,le*
and Unni, Eliab, and Benaiah, and
Maafeiah, and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh,
and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel,.
the porters.
19 So the fingers, Heman, Afaph r and
Ethan, were appointed to found" with '^.'g'jfttf*
cymbals of brafs ; ,fi"
20 And Zechariah, and Aziel, and
Shemiramoth, and Jehiel, and Unni, and
Eliab, and Maafeiah, and Benaiah, with
pfalteries on ^lamoth;
21 And Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and
Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and
Azaziah, with harps on the uSheminith
to excel.
22 And CHenaniah chief of the * Levites %w#»$$
was for I' fong:, he inftrucfed about the
fong becaufe he was fkilful.
23 And Berechiah and Elkanah were
door keepers for the ark.
24 And- Shebamah, and Jehofhaphat,
and Nethaneel, and Amafai, and Zecha-

t Pf. 46. 1., i. t. vii*-
gital, or treble*

u Bafs, or inftra-
ments of eight :
firings. Pf. rj.litlc.

about the cdrfietgt*
Hub. lifting up*. \

Before Chrift
1045.

rtHiim 10. 9 Pi. 81
j. 2 Chr. 6.12.

y 2Saro.6. 11—13
Sec.

David brings the ark to Jerufalem
riah, and Benaiah, and Eliezer, the priefts,
did blow with the x trumpets before the
ark of God : and Obed-edom and Jehiah
were door keepers for the ark.
25 % So y David, and the elders of
Ifrael, and the captains over thoufands,
went to bring up the ark of the covenant
of the Lord out of the houfe of Obed-
zft7r:?i%l-jE5™. edom* with joy.
26 And it came to pafs, when God
helped a the Levites that bare the ark of
the covenant of the Lord, that they
offered b feven bullocks and feven rams.
; 27 And David was clothed with ca
robe of fine linen, and all the Levites that
bare the ark, and the fingers, and Che-
naniah the mafter of the * fong with the
fingers : David alfo had upon him an
ephod of luien.
28 Thus all Ifrael d brought up the ark
£?cv^c*v'ri0: of-the covenant of the Lord with fhout-
ing, and with found of the cornet, and
with trumpets, and with cymbals, ma
king a noife with pfalteries and harps.
29 ^[ And it came to pafs, as e the ark
of the- covenant of the Lord came to the

CHAP. XV- XVI. Solemn feaf ing and praife on that account.

azSarn.6.ij. Pf.91.
ti, ia. i>: no. j.
Rom. 12. 1. iPet.
2.5.
bNum. 23, 1. Job
42,0'.
c iSatn. 2. ii, 18.
2Sain. 13. 14.

* Or carriage.

d zSflm. 'd. T2, 15.
Neh. 8. to. Pf.4%
1— 9^5.68. 1 — 3$.

* Exod. 15. 16, 2T.
&40. 3,20. Deut
31. 26. Num. 18.
jj.ijofh. 11.* 7. '-'
Judg. 20. %. 1 Sam
4. j. 2 Sam,

i.Heb?^: C1ty of David^that Michal the daughter

•f 2 Sam. 6. 16, 20-^
ij. Afts 2. 13

of Saul, looking out at a window, i faw
'cor.ti'i'.l'fti, king David dancing and playing; and fhe
•defpifed him in her heart.
CHAP. XVI.
In its three firft and laft verfes, coincides with z Sam.
vi. ; 17 — 20. We have, (l) With what folemnity
effacrtficing, bleffing, feafting, and high praifing, the
ark was fixed in Jerufalem; I — 6. (2) 7 he pfalm
'which David penned to be Jung on thc occafion ; 7 —
36. It is taken out of 'Pfal. cv. xevi. exxxvi. and
cvi.; chiefly the two former. (3) David's fettling-
the order of God's daily worfhip before the ark, with
refipecl to priefls, porters, and fingers; 37 — 43.

3 iSam. 6. 19. ch.
29. 20. 1 Kin. 8.
64. Rom. 12, 1,
»Cor. 8. 5.

SO athey brought the ark of God, and
fet it in the midft of the tent that

Kelore Chdlt
1045.

David had pitched for it : and they offered
burnt-facrifices and peace-offerings before
God. 2 And, when David had made an end
of offering the burnt-offerings and the
peace-offerings, bhe bleffed the people in ^"^.'Lu^"'
the name of the Lord.
3 And he c dealt to every one of Ifrael, c ssT"'|fth99N*:
both man and woman, to every one a loaf "2^0 '"3. u1.''
of bread, and a good piece of flefh, and a
flagon of wine.
4 f[ And he appointed certain of the
Levites to minifter J before the ark ofthe ^Zl-lrdtlf.
Lord, and to record, and to thank and
praife the e Lord God of Ifrael :

eP,f. 144. se. .Kin.
V.. ts- Gen. 17; 7.
f \ r 1 1 1 • ,- 1 1 • Ex"cl- J9- Si 6-
5 'Afaph the chief* and next to him "t^..2-^ z6-

Zechariah, Jeiel, and Shemiramoth, and fc».y.z7,,s.
Jehiel, and Mattithiah, and Eliab, and
Benaiah, and Obed-edom : and Jeiel with
pfalteries8 and with harps; but Afaph ^^t'fTp'atZ
made a found with cymbals : ^fe"fr
6 Benaiah alfo and Jehaziel the priefts Ncl'/A'^''^'
h with trumpets continually before the ark h Vil: £&!<!:£:
of the covenant of God.
7 f Then on that day David1 delivered '^XV^f
firft this pfalm, to thank the Lord, into *4'46'
the hand of Afaph and his brethren.
8 kGive thanks unto the Lord, call.kf«"i'r^i.*
upon his name, make known his deeds
among the people.
q [ Sinjr unto him, fing pfalms unto i *Jlv's?; Jf *• &

talk ye of all his wondrous. mpr.4o.,o.& *«
J 22. Sc i4j. s_7.

nrr. 4J.2;. pr. 34,
2, 3. & 104. 34. Sc
IOC. 3. iCor.i.ji,

him, works 10 n GJory ye in his holy name: let
the heart of them rejoice that feek the
Lord. ii "Seek the Lord and his ftrength; ° i£?7s;f •*'&,.
feek his face continu ally. &* *7, "' *
12 Remember p his marvellous works p V; 7V',5-Rr-
15. 4- r-l. 105. e.
SC 119. 11, v

that he hath done, his wonders, and the
judgments of his mouth;

.91-

Reflections upon Chap." XV. — Good works muft alfo be
well .done: and all our fufferings for our miftakes fliould teach
and ftir us up to be more regular. The greateft reformers, being
men, have fome faults. But it is a mercy when we fee our errors
and amend them. Even fuch, as know the word of God better
than- others may, oh particular occafions, forget the directions
Which they are peculiarly called to remember. But readinefs to
correcT: former miftakes is an evidence of true wifdom and goodnefs.
Such as are above others in dignity ought to go before them in
duty. Many, who are very remifs in their duty, if they were but

faithfully told of it, would reform and do better. Whatever gifts
God beftows upon us fhould be employed in his fervice : and in all
religious work we fhould derive our help from heaven, and thank
God for it. If we efcape his judgments while we are ferving him,
we owe it to his favour, not to our own exa&nefs: and to him we
owe the praife of all that is good in our work. God delights in
the profperity. of his fervants; and we ought to ferve him with
cheerfulnefs and joy. But in the very beft of times there will be
fome evil murmurers, who think God's fervice too mean for
them.
4H 2

Pfalm fung at the bringing up

I. CHRONICLES.

ofthe ark to Jerufalem.

Before Cnritt
1045.

I

4 Pf. 105. 6. Exod
19. 5, 6. Dent
7,8, Mat. 11.:
r Pf. 105. 7. Exod.
15. I, z. Pf. 11S.
28.
s Pf. 48. 10, II. &
97- 8. 9-
r. Pf. 105. 8. & 20. 7.
Song 1. 4. John
14. 26. Pf. 43. 17.
Sc J19. 93.
a Gen. 17. 2—8. Sc
26. 3. & 28. 13, 14.

13 O iye feed of Ifrael his fervant, ye
children of Jacob, his chofen ones,
14 He is rthe Lord our God', his
5 judgments are in all the earth.
15 Be ' ye mindful always of his cove
nant : the word which he commanded to

a thoufand generations :
u covenant

which he
of his oath

x See Gen. 12. 7. &
13.15. & 17.8. &

16 Even qf the
made with Abraham, and
¦unto Ifaac :
17 And hath confirmed the fame to
Jacob for a law, and to Ifrael for an ever
lafting covenant ;
x Unto thee will I give the

:-8 S;

the lot of your inherit-

and from one kingdom to all

aying,
4.&35.12.&4I.: land of Canaan,
4. pf. 105. n.
' Jleb. the cord. 31106 '.
tKeb..»»./.ilM.kr. 19 When ye were but + few, * even a
'"¦jSfatiSS: few» and ftrangers in it;
20 And when they * went from nation
to nation,
other people ;
21 He "fuffered no man to do them
wrong: yea, he reproved kings for their
fakes ;
22 Saying, Touch not mine anointed,
and do my prophets no harm.
23 b Sing unto the Lord, all the earth :
fhew forth from day to day his falva
tion. Declare his glory among the

z Gen. 12. 1, 14. St
13. 1. U 20. 1. &
46.4-

a Gen. 12. 17. & 20.
j. Exod. 7. 15. Pf,
105.14,11.

& pr. 96. 1— 13. &
47.1.

t Vet. 8,0. If. 12.
4,5.Pf.96.3,4& J45-5^7»1'- &
71. 8, Ij, 17, 18.

24

heathen ; his marvellous works among all

nations* 25 For d great is the Lord, and greatly
to be-praifed: he alfo is to be feare'efabove
all gods.
26 For c all the gods of the people are
idols : but the Lord made the heavens.
27 f Glory and honour are in his pre
fence; ftrength and gladnefs are in his
place. 28 Give unto the Lord, gye kindreds
3a„. 9. tf the people, give unto the Lord h glory
and ftrength.
29 Give unto the Lord ' the glory due
unto his name: bring an offering, and
come before him; worfhip the Lord in
the beauty of hoiinefs.
^'cfgE'fGcn7- 2° Fear before him, k all the earth:
49. .0^.11.15. the world alfo fhall be 1fkble, that it be
JMat. 16. 18. 1 Pet. ' ^
i.5.pf.»M,2. not moved.

dPf.89.6— 8.&8S.
8—10. Rev. 4. u,
If. 40. 12—28.

e I Cor. 8. 4, 5. Jer.
jo. 3. Pf. cxv.
exxxv. If. 44. 9 
jo. Sc 45. 20—12
&4»-5-
f Pf. 27. 4. Sc 8. J.
•Sets',. 6. Exod. ij.
II. Nth. 8. jo.

gPf. 96. 7.429.
&66. I. &100.
If. II. 10.

7, 9, "J-
i 1*96.89.8:80;. 5—
8. Sc no. 3. Row.

3 1 Let m the heavens be glad, and let
the earth rejoice : and let men fay among
the nations, The Lord reigneth.
32 "Let the fea roar, and the fulnefs
thereof: let the fields rejoice, and all that
is therein. 22 Then fhall the trees of the wood
fing out at the prefence of the Lord, be
caufe he cometh to judge the earth. ,
34 ° O give thanks unto the Lord, for
he is good ; for his mercy endureth for
ever. 25 And pfay ye, Save us, O God of
our falvation, and gather us together,. and
deliver us from the heathen, that we may
give thanks to thy holy name, and glory
in thy praife.
36 1 Bleffed be the Lord God of Ifrael
for ever and ever. And all r the people
faid, Amen, and praifed the Lord.
37 % So he left-there, before the ark
of the covenant of the Lord, s Afaph
and his brethren, to minifter before the
ark contimially, as every day's work re
quired :
38 And r Obed-edom with their bre
thren, threefcore and eight; Obed-edom
alfo the fon of Jeduthun and Hofah /« he
porters :
39 And u Zadok the prieft, and his
brethren the priefts, before the tabernacle
of the Lord in the high place x that was
at Gibeon, 40 To offer y burnt-offerings unto the
Lord upon the altar of the burnt -offering
continually, morning and evening, and to
do according to all that is written in the
law of the Lord, which he commanded
Ifrael ;
41 And with them * Heman and Jedu
thun, and the reft that were chofen, who
were exprefled by name, to give thanks
to the Lord, a becaufe his mercy endureth
for ever:
42 And with them Heman and Jedu
thun, with trumpets and cymbals, for
thofe that fhould make a found, and with
b mufical inftruments of God. And the
fons of Jeduthun were * porters.
43 And all the people departed every

Before Chrift
I°4S-
mlf. 35. 16. Lake 2.
10; 14. & 21. 27.
z8. Rev. 14. 2. Sc
I{.3.Pf-93-l-&
96.11.0108.4,5,
n Pf. 96. 11— 13. 8c
08.7— 9.&*cxlviii.'
If. 44.23. & 42. 10
—12. & 55. 12,13,
Rev. u. 15—18.
& 15. 3, 4. & 18,
20. Sc 19. 1—9,

o Pf. 106. 1. & 107
1.&118. 1. &

pHof. i4.2.ir.i.rK
Sc 45. 17. Pf. 68.
18, 19. Sc 106. 47^
Hof. 14. 2, 3.

% 1 Kjn. 8.1;, 56. Pr,
72. 18, 19. Sc 106.
48.
t Deut. 27. 15. Neh,
8.6.2Chr.20.2I,
. 26. ch. 29. 20.

» Ver. 4-^, ch. jj.
17—22.

t Ch. ij. 14. & 26-,
4-8. JJ.

u Ch. 15. 11, iz. Sc
xxiv.

xCh. 21. 29. 2 Chr.
1. 3. with 1 Sam.
22. 19. Jofh. 9. 17;
&2I.17.&I8.2J.
J Heb. in the morning
and in the evening.
Exod. 29 38— 4W
Num. 28. 3 — 7.
Lev. 6. 20.

z Ch. 15. 17—11. &
25. 1—6. fc 6. ji
-47-

a * Chr. j. ij. Sc 7.
3. Sc 20. 21. Ezra
3. n.Jer.jj.iu '

bCh. 15. 16,191, «>,
21,- 28. 8c 25. 1, 6.
Pf. 68. 25. Sc 150.
3—5, Sc 33. 1.
Neh. 12. 27.
t Heb. fir tie tatt.

David refohes to build a temple.

CHAP. XVII.

'God affigns that wotk to his fon.

Befo«ch"ff man tQ jjjs houfe . an(i David returned to
r7s»m.6.2o.jo,fn". c blefs his houfe.
24. 15. Cen. 18. 10. > CHAP. XVII.
Is the fame as 2 Sam. vii.; and contains (1) God's
gracious acceptance of David's purpofe to build him
a temple, and the promife he made to him and his
. family thereupon; I — 15. (2) David's hearty
acceptance of God's promife to build him an houfe, and
the prayer he made thereupon; 16 — 27.
1041.
i2San..7.i.iKin. T^fO W a it came to pafs, as David fat
X^l in his houfe, that David faid to
^zllL.6%lsc Nathan the prophet, Lo, I dwell b in an
7.2.ch.i6... ho^fe 0f cecjarSj but the ark of the co
venant of the Lord remaineth under
curtains.
exo<hicoTrtil!,914' 2 Then Nathan faid unto David, c Do
all that is in thine heart; for God is with
thee.
*n?sj£».U'.u! 3 IT Anc* dit came to pafs the fame
i0 '"' night that the word of God came to Na
than, faying,
4 Go and tell David my fervant, Thus
'ls?KL%cs9^^n the Lord, e Thou fhalt not build
5' J me an houfe to dwell in :
5 For I have not dwelt in an houfe
fince the day that I brought up Ifrael
»Heb.*«»hBi; Unto this day ; but * have gone from
fE6[.0,<7.4iKiml?t tent f to tent, and from one tabernacle to
another: 6 Wherefoever I have walked with all
Ifrael, fpake I a word to any of the
*tt'i/A&,7.Z' judges8 of Ifrael, whom I commanded to
ncm.8.i6.2Sam. fee(i mv people, laying, Why have ye not
built me an houfe of cedars ?
7 Now therefore thus fhalt thou fay
unto my fervant David, Thus faith the
hi^g;:LoRD of hofts, hI took thee from the
IS'ilu*"'' fheep cote, even + from following the
men. !,.m aft.r. fheep, that thou fhouldeft be ruler over
''\sZxt7l>f- mY people Ifrael:
8 And I l have been with thee whither-

113.7,8. &7J.6,
7- ch. 14. 17.

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — God's ordinances and
truths may remain long- in obfcurity; but their glory will fliine
forth at laft. And the hungry, who wait on him, will at length
be filled with good things. Grateful praife is a mofi: acceptable
facrifice to God. All our rejoicings ought to exprefs thankfulnefs
to him, from whom we receive all our comforts; and all our
praifes to center in afcribing glory to him. We ought to fhew
ourfelves generous to others as God is gracious to us. And fuch
as know God fhould endeavour by their triumph in him,, and all
other fruits of grace, to bring their neighbours into acquaintance

m Exod'. r. 21. Pf.
127.1. 2Sam.7.ii.

foever thou haft walkedJ and have cut off , Bt^rift
all thine enemies from before thee, and "
have made thee a name like the name of
the great men that are in the earth.
9 Alfo k I will ordain a place for my k j4'-4li^;,^
people Ifrael, and will plant them, and
they fhall dwell in their place, #nd fhall
be moved no more ; neither fliall the
children of wickednefs wafte them 'any ' *£hr. j**.wj*
more, as at the beginning, xiiixxixi's£f!'8s,
10 And fince the time that I com
manded judges to be over my people Ifrael.
Moreover, I will fubdue all thine enemies.
Furthermore, I tell thee that the Lord
m will build thee an houfe.
1 1 ^[ And it fhall come £0 pafs, when
thy days be expired that thou muft "go "If™-^,',^;
to be with thy fathers, that °I will raife f^5'*^ F!'
up thy feed after thee, which fhall be of ^•R,™fi.'J: fe
thy fons; and I will eftablifh his king- 9'6'7'
dom. 12 He fhall p build me an houfe, and v ^Cuf^t 18. If. a. 6, 7.
I will ftablifh his throne for ever. z«h.6.iz,i}.
12 q I will be his father, and he fliall q S^^U^hS:
be my fon ; and I will not take my mercy i^J^fjjfc,
away from hinv as I took it from him M'34'
that was before thee :
1 4 But I will fettle him in mine houfe
and in my kingdom for ever; and his-
throne fhall be eftablifhed for evermore.
15 r According to all thefe words, and

r Jer. 23. 28: E2efc.
„„, ama j. 17. Mat. 28. 20.
according to all this vifion, fo did Nathan »¦*¦*«» M-27-
fpeak unto David.
1 6 5T And David the king came and fat-
before the Lord, and faid, s Who am I, 'oSgtSffi.
O Lord God, and what is mine houfe, | -jcor.15.9'10.
5 r ' Eph. 3. 8.
that thou haft brought me hitherto?
1 7 And yet 'this was a fmall thing in * >9--£ i*f sfil'7"
thine eyes, O God; for thou haft alfo -„ Pf. !o. I9_29. fc
fpoken of thy fervant's houfe for a great tfl'i^v^i
r, ., J jin 1 ? If. 49. 6-9. Phil.
while to come, and haft u regarded me *»-»• "»«.**¦

with him. The fovereign choice which God has made of his
people ; the covenant he has eftablifhed with them ; the wonderful
works he has done for them ; and the ftatutes he has given them ;.
as well as his almighty power, goodnefs, and glory; and his being
the Creator and Governor of all things; fhould be matter of our
praife. And, while we enjoy his favours, we ought to intercede'
for falvation, and every other promifed bleffing, to them that want
them. But, however folemn our occafional worfhip of God may
be, it muft never fuperfede our daily and ordinary fervice of him.

4

Syrians and Ammonites routed.

I. CHRONICLES.

Rabbah taken.

U-o.

Btforeoirift Q£ Ammon fent * a thoufand talents of
•..*. ,42,.85i..s s. filver to hire them chariots and horfemen
ft""ns' ,out of Mefopotamia, and out of Syria-
maachah, and out of Zobah.
i»sam.ie,6. et. ^ g0 taey h n{ver\ thirty and two thou
fand chariots, and the king of Maachah
and his people; who came and pitched
* Num'.1ir. ,5. 2C(h- before ! Medeba. And the children of Am
mon gathered themfelves together from
their cities, and came to battle.
% And, when David heard of it, he fent
fcch.xi.if.,3.3. kjoab, and all the hoft of the mighty
men. 9 And the children of Ammon came
out, and put the battle in array hefore the
i Rabbah. 2 sam. gate 0f the l city : and m the kings that
m m a feparate were.come were by themfelves in the field.
Sw* io Now> wheti Joab faw that + tlje
hattu da,. Dattie was fet againft him before and be-
ios t,unS nw,. hind, he chofe out of all the * choice of
Ifrael, and put them in array againft the
Syrians. 1 1 And the reft of the people he de-
""sam'^.t.ch. livered unto the hand of n Abifhai his
brother, and they fet themfelves in array
againft the children of Ammon.
'T£l&e\"lz. ^1 2 And he faid, ° If the Syrians be too
2.°jjdMi.i.il' ' ftrong for me, then thou fhalt help me:
but, if the children of Ammon be too
ftrong for thee, then I will help thee.
'K^: 13 p Be of good courage, and let us
y^cIrAo. is' behave ourfelves valiantly for our people
and for the cities of our God : and let
the Lord do that which is good in his
fight. 1 4 So Joab and the people that were
with him drew nigh before the Syrians
unto the battle; and they fled before him.
_ 15 And, v/hen the children of Ammon
faw that the Syrians were fled, they like-
W^'&Io. wile a fled-before Abifhai his. brother, and
,'if irP4iv.' tl; \l: entered into the city. Then Joab came
to Jerufalem.

16 f And, when the Syrians faiw that B%f*

they were put to the worfe before Ifrael,
they fent meffengers, r and drew forth the 'j^tX?,;?
Syrians that were beyond the 'J river: and il£l^,JW- .,
Shophach 5 the captain of the hoft of Ha- sor«»s«j.2Sam.
darezer went before them.
1 7 And it was told David ; and he
gathered all Ifrael, and paffed over Jordan,
and came upon them, and ' fet the' battle ^tz"?***
in array againft them. So, when David Z1<1'
had put the battle in array againft the
Syrians, they fought withhim.
18 But the Syrians * fled before Ifrael; "S^SSJf,"-
and David flew of the Syrians feven iW.'j^&'f;.
thoufand men which fought in chariots,
and fhrty^ thoufand footmeni, and killed
Shophach the captain of the hoft.
.19 And, when the fervants of Hada
rezer faw that they were put. to the worfe
hefore Ifrael, they made peace with David, #
and became his fervants: neither would -
the Syrians help the children of Ammon
x any more. CHAP. XX.
Contains a rotated account of David's -wars, (i) With
the jfmmbnites; and taking Rabbah their capital;
I"r5r3* [from 2 Sam. xi. i. and xii. 26—31.]
(2) With the Philiftines ; 4—8. £from 2 Sam. xxi. j

x Ch, 14. 17. Rev,
18. 10. Pi. At. 4.

4I.C". 26
13-Pf-

Rom. 8. 31.

( thl return

AND it came to pafs that, * after. the * f %,]'.'£
year was expired, at the time that 1035.
kings go out to battle, Joab led forth the
power of the army, and wafted the coun
try of the children of Ammon, and came his adultery and
J 7 murder are not
and befieged Rabbah; (but David tarried °"nIioned-
at Jerufalem ;) and Joab " fmote Rabbah, » *s*»- »•»«-"•
and deftroyed it.
2 And David took the crown of their I034-
king from off his head, and found it to
weigh t a talent of gold, and there were tH^?'"'*"'"
precious ftones in it ; and it was fet upon
David's head: and he brought alfo ex
ceeding much fpoil out of the city.

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — Saints ought to be neigh
bourly and grateful, as far as religion admits. But the kindeft
a£tjp;is may be mifuiterpreted, the moft friendly concern be repaid
with ingratitude, and the moft innocent character may fuffer re
proach. Wickednefs naturally proceeds from the wicked ; and they
who do ill dread ill; and where whifperers are heard firm friends
are feparated. They who receive fhame and damage in our fer
vice ought to be tenderly taken care of and provided for :' and the

courage of brave men is increafed ?nd invigorated by difficulties.
But finners, whom God hath marked far ruin, harden, themfelves
to their own deftrurStion. Vain are the utmoft efforts of artafld
ftrength againft juftice and equity: and to little purpofe do Shofe
rally and reinforce themfelves who have God for their enemy.
How often thofe who meddle with ftrife, not belonging to tfifiHi,
know not what to do in the end of it ; and it is wife if at laft $hey
learn to forbear.

'Philiftines giants. Satan tempts to

C H A V. XX. XXL

number Ifrael. God is difpleafed.

*%T* 3 And he bought out the people that
ior made them faW- were in it, and +cut them with faws, and
gesr3°ofSoa|d with harrows of iron, and with axes: even
bchi9 2,4.Amo5-fo b dealt David with all the cities of the
,.,3.^.8.6,7. chMten of Ammon. And David and all
the people returned to Jerufalem..
4 ^[ And it came to pafs, after this,
that c there " * arofe war at 1" Gezer with
the Philiftines ; at which time Sibbechai
the Hufhathite flew Sippai that %vas of the
children of + the giant ; and they were
fubdued. .
5 And there was war again with the
Philiftines ; and Elhanan the fon of d Tair
flew Lahmi the brother of Goliath the
Gittite, whofe fpear ftaff was like a
weaver's beam.
6 And yet again e there was war at
*w-Gath, where was !l a man of great ftature,
whofe fingers and toes were four and
twenty, fix on each hand, and fix on each
and he alfo was * the fon of the

IOZO.
c2Sam. 21. 18— 22.
11 Or continued.
¦ • Heb.jW,
t Or Got,
% Or Kapha, IOIO.
d Called alfo Jaaree-
regime 2 Sam. 21.
I9.

ioi8
e 1 Sarn. 21. 20,
H Heb. a man
fure.

Before Chrift
1017.

b Juris. 20. I. I Kill.
4. 21. il-'am. 17.
11. .-i; 24. 2.
c Jofh. 9. 14. Deut.
8. 13, 14. Prov. iS.

* Heb. horn to the fnr. j. .
Sktit,QtRafha. J""1 •
giant.

f Or reproached,
1 Sam, 17. 10.

7 But, when he fdefied Ifrael, Jonathan
8 ?.siX ll '• 'V me fon of s Shimea, David's brother, flew
Called Shammah. - . 7 '

Called Shammah. ,
J Sam. 16. 9. or hi m
Shsmma.clz.il 1UU

I017.
aiSam. 24. 1, &c.
Joh 1. 6. Zech. 3.
. iJ.Rei'. 12. 9. John
«¦ 44* Mat' 4. 3.
*Cor.2.n.

8 Thefe were born unto the giant in
Gath ; and they fell by the hand of David,
and by the hand of his fervants.
CHAP. XXf.
David's adultery and murder, and the fatal confequences
of it, are concealed in the preceding chapter : nor is
his numbering of the people here inferted, but as it
occafioned the marking out of the proper fpot for the
temple to be built on. Hire, as in 2 Sam. xxiv. we
have (i) David' s fin in forcing Joab to number the
people; 1—4: the account of whom is given; 5, 6,
(2) His grief for his conducl when he perceived the
ftnfulnefs of it ; 7,8. (5) His fir ait, what he Jhould
choofe for the punifhment of it; 9 — 13. (4) The
havock made in ifrael; and the narrow efcape of
Jerufalem, by means of his interceffion; 14 — 17.
(5) The plague ftayed, and reconcilement made, by
! David's ereding an altar, and offering facrifice there-
' on, in Oman's threfhing floor; 18 — 30.
A ND a Satan ftood up againft Ifrael,

2 And David faid to Joab and to the
rulers of the people,: Go, number Ifrael,
from bBeer-fheba even to Dan ; and 'bring-
the number of them to me, that I may
know //.
3 And Joab anfwered, d The Lord d ^ "s- '4- «¦- «<
make his people an hundred times fo
many more as they be: but, my lord the
king, are they not all my lord's fervants ?
why then doth my lord require this
thing ? why will he be a caufe of trefpafs
to Ifrael ?
4 e Neverthelefs, the king's • word e ^!'i'4,.°i9A415 '¦
prevailed .againft Joab. Wherefore Joab
departed, and went throughout all Ifrael,
and came to Jerufalem.
5 ^f And Joab gave the fum of the
number of the people unto David. And
all they of Ifrael f were a thoufand thou- .^Sn^bSf10
fand and an hundred thoufand men that ^SadLT
drew fword : and Judah was four hundred JeVwd'fVs™.
threefcore and ten thoufand men that
drew fword. >>
6 But gLevi and Benjamin counted he ^-n-1***-
not among them : for the king's word
was abominable to Joab.
7 ^[ And God was difpleafed with this
therefore he h fmote Ifrael.

thing;

h Ver. 14. Jofh. 7. 1,
5. 1 Sam. 6. 19.
8 And David faid unto God, ' I have i2Sara- ^-io- &;*-
13. Jer. 3.13 Jolh.
7. 19- Pi- 3S- 4- &
40. ir, 12. & 32. 5.
&2S, 11,

Ifrael.

and provoked David to number

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — We fhould conceal the
faults of the godly with candour, if we can do it with faithfulnefs.
Nay, if we cannot fay good of perfons, we had generally beft fay
^nothing of them. But, however long the powerful enemies of
God and his church ftand their ground, they fhall be brought down
Vol. I.

k 1 Sam. 9. 9. 2 Sam.
24. 11.

finned greatly, becaufe I have done this
thing : but now, I befeech thee, do away
the iniquity of thy fervant ; for I have
done very foolifhly.
9 ^F -And the Lord fpake unto Gad,
David's k feer, faying,
10 Go and tell David, faying, Thus
faith the Lord, I * offer thee three, things: * HEb>'fc* "«•
choofe1 thee one of them, that I may do lff°^\l'tt!ix
it unto thee. JfS.W&ET*
n So Gad racame to David, and faid mf7z%z;'!7% J-
unto him, Thus faith the Lord, + Choofe L^.4"'*1'^
thee i Heb. tale to thee.
1 2 " Either three years famine, or three aT^-l'^'
months to be deftroyed before thy foes,
while that the fword of thine enemies

at laft, whether outward or inward. Nor need the faints be ever
dilheartened by their enemies' infolence and pride, while they have
the Almighty God on their fide. Yea, ordinarily thofe are marked
for vifible ruin who reproach and defy God and his people.

I. CHRONICLES

God plagues the people, 'fhe
Beforettrin ove,.-taketh thee, or elfe three days the'
 fword of the Lord, even the peftilence,
in the land, and the angel of the Lord
deftroying throughout all the coafts of
Ifrael. Now therefore advife thyfelf what
word I fhall bring again to him that fent
me. 13 And David faid unto Gad, I am in
a great ftrait : let me fall now into the
•£££¦.."'£. hand of the Lord; for very ° great are
H*b/3'*' „ his mercies; but letp me not fall into the
p 2 Chr. 28. 9. Prov. t *
iz. jo. hand of man.
14 ^J" So the Lord fent peftilence upon
* ^.ttcfTi Ifrael : and there fell of Ifrael 1 feventy
9''6'7' thoufand men.
1 5 And God fent an angel unto Jeru
falem to deftroy it : and, as he was
deftroying, the Lord beheld, and he
»SK)iM.i4.jiid|. repented r him ofthe evil, and faid to the
2.l8.Pf.78.|8.& * '.
^'s^ffi^t angel that deftroyed, It is enough, ftay
i^3H*:H*8' now thine hand. And the angel of the
Lord ftood by the threfhing floor of
* %?£!%%. Oman b the Jebufite.
16 ^f And David lifted up his eyes,
1 ir. 37- 36. Aas 12. and faw the c angel of the Lord ftand
23. tD
between the earth and the heaven, having
a drawn fword in his hand ftretched out
over Jerufalem. Then David and the
'it'^utl^'s. elders of Ifrael, u who were clothed in
fackcloth, fell upon their faces.
17 And David faid unto God, x Is it
not I that commanded the people to be
numbered ? even I it is that have finned
y ^[Ifer!7^. and done evil indeed; but, as for ? thefe
fheep, what have they done? let thine
hand, I pray thee, O Lord my God, be
on me and on my father's houfe, but
, not on thy people, that they ihould be
plagued. 18 % Then the angel of the Lord
commanded Gad to fay to David, that
David fhould go up, and fet up an altar

x z Sam. 14. 17. Pf.
5jr. 4. Sc 25. 11.
'ver. 8. Ezek. 16.
ti-

Before Chrift
1017.

"S'^to unto the Lord zin the threfhing floor of
Lz,ff- " Oman "the Tebufite.
a Deut. 12. 32. Mat. A 1 v-^. * 1 * r
28.2a2CDr.il. 10 And David went upa at the iayms
23.^1.119.59,60. 7 r J £>
ttoWinomm of Gad, which he fpake in the name of
/.™,ir „,,./, men. the JLord.
he and his lour fns .
Mmhidtias- ?0 ; ^nd Oman turned back, and faw

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — While the faints remain
on earth Satan never lets them alone, nor defpairs of fuccefs in his

plague isfoppedby David's prayer,
the angel; and his four fons with him hid
themfelves. Now Oman was threfhing
wheat. . J
21 And, as David came to Oman,
Oman looked and faw David, and went
out of the threfhing floor, and bowed
himfelf to David with his face to the
ground. 22 Then David faid to Oman, b Grant 'Sfcti&SL
me the place of this threfhing floor, that
I may build an altar therein unto the
Lord : thou fhalt grant it me for the full
price : that " the plague may be ftayed eI«gt£ft*,g;
from the people.
23 And Oman faid unto David, dTake dp#a**
it to thee, and let. my lord .the king do
that which is good' in his eyes.: lo, I give
thee the oxen alfo for burnt-offerings, and
the threfhing inftruments for wood, and
the wheat for the meat-offering; I give
it all. 24 And king David faid to Oman,
eNay; but I will verily buy it for the ' «%¦&?££
full price : for I will not take that which
is thine for the Lord, nor offer burnt-
offerings without coft,
25 So f David gave to Oman for the f^T£'2™.
pkcefix hundred fhekels of gold hy weight. S"plrh»ps'™ '
s O J O given for the
26 And David built there an altar un* ^iX^er
to the Lord, and offered burnt-offerings 1^5^1/4?
and peace-offerings, and called upon the
Lord; and she anfwered him from heaven B £:?&'.«:*
by fire upon the altar of burnt-offering.
27 And the Lord commanded the
angel ; and he put up his fword again into
the fheath thereof.
28 % At that time, when David faw ,
that the Lord had anfwered him in the
threfhing- floor of Oman the Jebufite,
then he facrificed there.
29, For the tabernacle of the Lord,
which Mofes made in the wildernefs, and
the altar of the burnt-offering, were at
that feafon in the high place at u Gibeon. '^'a&i**
30 But David could not go before it
to inquire of God; for he was ! afraid, ; %{%}££%
becaufe of the fword of the angel of the *9-
Lord.

temptations. And to nothing does he more tempt men than to
pride j though there is nothing that 'God more hates, or fllbfe

David intakes great preparations

CHAP. XXII.

for building the temple.

Befbfe ChtFft
1016.

CHAP. XXII.

~ siwakmed by the late peftilence, and diretled of God
where- the temple fhould be built, Daifid here
( 1 ) Makes great preparations for the building tof it ;
1 — 5, 14 — 16. (2) He gives Stdomoy his fon
encouraging i nft rufli on s, and a folemn charge, relative
to the building of it ; 6 — 16. (3) He charges the
princes of Ifrael to affift him in it; 17 — 19.
,tv«t; -11.5-7- r | ^HEN David faid, aThis is the houfe
a Sam. 24, io\ Pf. w 7
"Z^tlcS.l'i A of the Lord God, and this is the
altar of the burnt -offering for Ifrael.
2 And David commanded to gather
b 1 Kin. 9. io, 21. & together b the ftrangers that were in the
"m"'10 ' k*1^ of Ifrael ; and he fet mafons to hew
wrought ftones to build the houfe of God.
3 And David prepared iron in abun
dance for the nails for the doors of the
gates, .and for the joinings ; and brafs in
evor.14. iKm.7. abundance0 without weight;
14-47. 1 Chr. 4. . a '
l~u- 4 Alio cedar trees in abundance : for
the Zidonians and they of Tyre brought
much cedar wood to David.
5 And David faid, d Solomon my fon
is young and tender, and the houfe that
is to be builded for the Lord inuft. be
effil£k\K£ exceeding6 magnific'al, of fame and of
glory throughout all countries : I will
therefore now make preparation for it.
ttGe'o'SxJte S° David f prepared abundantly before his

i Ch. 29. 1. j Kin.
3-7-

fEccl.

i-xxxiv. Jolh. Jp-jiL.
jusiu. xxiv.. UC'cUn

6 ^[ Then he called for Solomon his
fon, and charged him to build an houfe
for the Lord God of Ifrael.
7 And David faid to Solomon, My fon,
6ls&iJ.'i1,'2ChXfe as ror me5 if g was in my mind to build
7.46. 1 Kin. 8. i7, an noufe unt0 the name ofthe Lord my
God :
8 But the word of the Lord came to
I'feo'is"^: me» laying, h thou haft fhed blood abun-
• 5,9-06.17. 4- daiitly, ancJ haft made great .wars : thou
fhalt not build an houfe unto my name,

iCh 3 7-

Before Chrift
IOl6.
i 1 S.HT..17. ;o. Sc iS.
27. Cc. 30. 17.
1 Sam. ii. v.
ch, xiv.

becaufe thou haft fhed ' much blood upon
the earth in my fight.
9 Behold,, a fon fhall be born to thee
who fhall be a man of reft; and I will
give him reft from all his enemies round
about: for his name fhall be ^Solomon; kVTffi'"f.ab:' 2 Sjl.l. 12. 24.
1 1 Kin. 4.20,25. &
5-4-
10 mHe fhall build an houfe for my mXsT7:7izfi'fti
name;. :and he fhall be my, fon, and I will ft"fPf.^
be his father; and I will eftablifh the throne 1°-3S'1'-')-'6'7«
of his kingdom over Ifrael for ever.
11 Now, my fon, "the Lord be with
thee, and profper thou, and build the
houfe of the Lord thy God, as he hath
faid x>f thee.

and I will ' give peace and quietnefs unto
Ifrael in his days.

n.Ver. 16. 2 Tim. 4.
22. Rom. S. 31. 1!.
26. 12. Phil. z. 12,
If

0 Pf. 72. 1. I Kin,
3.9.

12 Only the Lord ° give thee wifdom
and underftanding, and give thee charge
concerning Ifrael, that thou mayeft keep
the law of the Lord thy God.
13 p Then fhalt thou- profper, if thou
takeft heed to fulfil the ftatutes and judg
ments which the Lord charged Mofes
with concerning Ifrael: qbe ftrong, and
of good courage; dread not, nor be dif-
mayed. 14 Now, behold, hi my * trouble I have
prepared for the houfe of the Lord + an
hundred thoufand talents of gold, and a
thoufand thoufand talents of filver; and
of brafs and iron without weight ; for it
is in abundance : timber alfo and ftone
have I prepared ; and thou mayeft add
thereto. 1 5 Moreover, there are r workmen with r T^-?s. T Khl' s"
thee in abundance, hewers and workers
of ftone and timber, and all manner of
cunning taen for every manner of work.
1 6 Of the gold, the filver, and the brafs,
and the iron, there is no number. s Arife

p Jer. 22.2—4. Deut.
4. 6. If. 3. jo.

q Dent. 31. 7, 8.
Jolh. 1. 6—8. &
23. 6. di. 28. 10,
20. Eph. 6. 10.
2Tim. 2. r. 1 Cor.
16. 13. £ech. 4.6,
9. Hag, 2. 4. If.
41. 10.
* Or in my poverty.
f 46,038 tonswcight,
or cart-loads of
filver and gjld,
and in value 889
millions 687thoa-
fand and 500 1.
llerling. But if it
be here reckoned
hy tile Chaldean
talent, it is about
an half lefs.

s Phil z. 12, 13. &
4. 13. Pf. 71. 16.
1 Cor. 15. 58. Luke
I. 74, 75. ver. II.
13-

feverely punifhes. Yea, he will ufe the ftrangeft methods to do
the people of God an injury. Sometimes the wicked are wifer in
tome things of God than the faints. And always, when the heart
is averfe, the work goes on heavily, and is left imperfecT:. It is a
great mercy to be quickly brought to a fenfe of our fins. ' But,
even when the Lord enables to repent, he does not always turn
away the external punifhment Which his faints muft fuffer in their
flefh, even when their fpirit is faved. Our folly and rafhnefs often
reduce us to the moft fearful ftraits and perplexities, when we have
none but ourfelves to blame. It is an evil and bitter thing to de-
fart from the living God. Spreading is the influence of fin : and,
if God's mercy were not infinite, we Ihould be utterly confumed.

Under the judgments which we have deferved, it is therefore our
only refource to flee to that God whom we have offended. He
can not only ftop fhort the execution of his judgment, but bring
good out of evil, and make even fin itfelf an occafion of planting
his church, and of a more vigorous preparation for his fervice.
How pleafant is it all along to obferve the providence of God
marking his intended favours to the accurfed finners ofthe Gentiles !
When his temple is to be built, the gold, filver, and brafs, muft
be procured from Gentiles : the place of it muft be purchafed from
a Gentile : and almoft all the workmen muft be Gentiles, Tyrians,
Canaanites, &c. And now to us Gentiles are preached, are given,
the unfearchable riches of Chrift !
4 I 2

David numbers

I. CHRONICLES.

the Levites%

Before Chrift
IOl6.

therefore, and be doing* and the Lord be
with thee.
17 f David alfo commanded all the
.ch. 29. i-s. & princes of Ifrael l to help Solomon his fon,
faying,
B?20mpr.j'?6.Ia?6' 18 "Is not the Lord your God with
it^l'.lt- you ? and hath he not given you reft on
every fide ? for he hath given the inha
bitants of the land into mine hand ; and
the land is fubdued before the Lord, and
before his people.
xf chS^Deu': j 9 Now x fet your heart and your foul to
feek the Lord your God ; arife therefore;
and build ye the fandluary of the Lord
God, to bring the ark of the covenant of
the Lord, and the holy veffels of God,
^ch'r.'s.l.8, into the houfe that is to be built r to the
name of the Lord.
CHAP. XXIII.
The Levitical ordinances had not been exailly obferved
in the preceding periods. Here therefore. David, who
was a prophet as well as a king, by 'the direclion of
God, fets in order the things which were wanting;
and, having given orders for building the temple,
regulates the offices and orders of the temple fervice.
(1) Having fixed Solomon on his throne, he numbers.
the Levites from thirty years old and upward, and
appoints them their refpetlive ftations and work;
I — 5. (2) He takes an account of their refpetlive
families and chiefs; 6 — 23. (3) Having again
numbered them, from twenty years old and upward,
he affigns them their particular work at the tabernacle
andfiemple; 24 — 32.
SO, when David was old and full of
days, he "made Solomon his fon king
over Ifrael.
28.1.&J3.1. 2 ^r ^nd b^g gathered together all the
princes of Ifrael, with the priefts and the
Levites. 3 Now the Levites were numbered

a'Ch. 3i-

28. 5. 1 Kin.
-39.

. Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — Very different is the ap
pearance of men when ruL-d by their pride and when governed by
the humbling grace of God. Such as have been highly favoured
by God ought to be Angularly careful and active in promoting his
glory, and the welfare of his church. And, the nearer our death
approaches, we ought to be the more earneft in his work. Let 'us
do all that we can in his fervice, when we are not allowed to do all
that we would : and. let us kindly "affift others in the work which
God hath denied us the honour of accomplifhing. And, as the
church of Chrift is not built up by the fword of war, but by the
gofpel of peace, let us, as we have lei fure from other avocation--,
employ it in the immediate fervice .of God. Whatever difficulties
lie in the way,' God's clear call to a work, his affording us an
opportunity, and his promife to invigorate and quicken our fpirits,'
6

Before Chris
1016.

from the age- of e thirty years and up
ward : and their number by their polls, cT^TjT^
man by man, was thirty and eight thou
fand. 4 Of whom twenty and four thoufand
were * to fet forward the work of the *0r"""^
houfe of the Lord ; and fix thoufand were
officers d and' judges : d Ch' **• *^v-
5 Moreover, efour thoufand were' por- «ch.itxiv.xxv..
ters, and four thoufand praifed the Lord
with the inftruments which f I made, faid f ^Vc'hr*,5.'*:
David, to praife therewith. Amos '5'
6 And David divided them into + courfes f Heb- b;i"?™-
among the fons of Levi; namely, % Gerfhon, £26.057.ch.o.!iS
» . S 7 7 Num. iii. iv.
Kohath, and Merari.
7 f Ofthe h Gerfhonites were 'Laadan hc7h-6-"'&6'
and Shimei. ! V*";^
8 The fons of Laadan; the chief was "¦E*°"-"-
Jehiel, and Zetham, and Joel ; three.
9 The fons of Shimei; Shelomith, and
Haziel, and Haran; three. Thefe were
the chief of the fathers of Laadan.
10 And the fons of Shimei were,
Jahath, k Zina, and Jeufh, and Beriah: k0r «»^«-*'
thefe four were the fons of Shimei.
1 1 And Jahath was the chief, and
Zizah the fecond ; but Jeufh and Beriah
had not + many fons; therefore they were * "$'/*. mtmt"

according

to their

Num.
. 2,18.
& 24. 22—25, Sc
26. 23—31.

in one reckoning,
father's houfe.
12 *H f The fons of Kohath ; Amram, "^jjf.
Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel ; four
13 The fons of m Amram; Aaron and m |*°d- 6- M- cb-
Mofes: and "Aaron was feparated, that ¦> Exod. 28. r. Heb.
he fhould fanrftify the moft holy things, ifee™^.^
he and his fons for ever, to burn incenfe
before the Lord,, to minifter unto him,
and to blefs in his name for ever.

are fufficient encouragements. The more God has done for us,
the greater are our obligations to ferve him, and the more aflive
we ought to be in his fervice. But truly humble fouls make little
account of all that they do for God's honour. Arid it is not mdeeg
the extent of what is done, but the fpirituality of the temper with
which it is done, that next to Jefus' blood gives it value before
God. Great courage and refolution are neceffary in our fpiritual
work, as well as in our fpiritual warfare, and a conftant depend
ence on God by faith and prayec. If we enter upon the labours
of others, we ought to be always improving ; and every one is
called to concur. Even the moft zealous and active will need, ex
citement or affiftance. . And, if once our heart be thoroughly
engaged to the Lord, our head, hand, eftate, arid influence on earth,
Vv ill be all cheerfully employed for his honour.

Genealogy ofthe Levites.

C H A P. XXIII. XXIV.

Their fervice . regulated.

Before Chrift
1016.

14 Now, concerning Mofes "the man
'i-tt. 90. ». Deut'. of God, Phis fons were named of the tribe
»'" h . of Levi.
fExod. A. 20. ch. 26.
**¦ 1 5 The fons 1 of Mofes w<?r<? Gerfhom
S Exod. 2. 22, St 18. j t-v,-
'm- and Eliezer.
1 6 r Of the fons of Gerfhom, Shebuel
was the chief.
17 And the fons of Eliezer were
Rehabiah H the chief. And Eliezer had
none other fons ; but the fons of Reha-

r Ch, 26, 23—25.

H Or thtfrfl.

biah

were very many.

18 Of the fons of 'Izhar; Shelomith

^itcen?.^ but daughters

a Ch. 24. 30,

5 Heh. were highly
multiplied. Prov.
l7.6.Pf.Il8.3.&
127. 3—5.
t ver. 12. ch. 24. 20 the chief
_2S. &6.22- LilC ^llXCl.
.8, 33-18- ,9 Ofthe fons of u Hebron ; Teriah
u Ver. 12. Exod. 6. . ' r ~ . ' J
Ti.tzt^lt me nrft> Amariah the fecond, Jehaziel
the third, and Jekameam.the fourth.
x exod. 6. ,s. Lev. 20 of the fons of x Uzziel ; Micah the
24-&24.24,2S: £rft> an(J Jefiah the fecond>
ni't^ic9- 21 f The fons of f Merari; Mahli,
£&?.£,£ and Mufhi. The fons of Mahli; Eleazar,
and Kifh.
22 And Eleazar died, and had no fons,
ghters: and their z brethren the
fons of Kifh took them.
23 a The fons of Mufhi ; Mahli, and
Eder, and Jeremoth ; three.
24 ^[ Thefe were the fons of Levi after
the houfe of their fathers ; even the chief
of the fathers, as they were counted by
number of names by their polls, that did
the work for the fervice of the houfe of
iempTi^eing the Lord, from the age of b twenty years
enfier, they enter-  1 j
- edfoonerintoit ZHQ. UOWard.
-liv fiw vpart. Cut. ¦"-
25 For David faid, The Lord God of
Ifrael0 hath given reft, unto his people,
* that they may dwell in Jerufalem for
ever; 26 And alfo unto the Levites; they
fhall no more carry the tabernacle, nor
any veflels of it for the fervice thereof.
t **«¦*„. 27 For by the laft words o{ David the
d Heh. their fiatm Levites were '•'numbered from twenty
was at the hand of ¦ . , , ,
thcfw.rjis,rm. years old and above:
Neh. 11. 24. Num. J
3.6£&8.i9.4« 2g Becaufe d their office %vas to wait on

b Their the

-hy five years, fee
Num. 8. 24. Sc 4.
3. Ezra 3. S.
c Ch. 22. 18.
* Or he dwelleth in
femfakin, See.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII.— Jt is an honour to God,
and an advantage to his church, to have a proper number of faith
ful minifters: and, pleafing is the profpect when their number
^remarkably increafes. It is neceffary and honourable to enter on
.God's fervice as early as poffible. Church affairs are likely to
profper when every one knows and attends to his particular work.
And, in whatever ftation a perfon is fixed, it is" always his duty to

Before Chrift
IOl6.

the fons of Aaron e for the fervice , of the-
houfe of the Lord, in the courts, and in eta. 3-6,9. ver.
the chambers, and in the purifying of all. ^
holy things, and the work of the fervice
of the houfe of God ;
29 Both f for the fhew-bread, and for "£'&.*&%£:
the fine flour for meat-offering, and for M'^s^,.4'5'7"
the unleavened cakes, and for that which
is baked in the +pan, and for that which * 0rA" tla"-
is fried, and for all manner of meafure
and fize;
30 And to ftand s every morning to s Exod. 29. 30-42.
thank and praife the Lord, and likewife 37_42>
at even;
31 And to h offer all burnt- facrifices h&T0.^:S^
unto the Lord, in the fabbaths, in the Levxxiii"
new moons, and on the fet feafts, by
number, according to the order com
manded unto them, continually before
the Lord :
32 And that they fhould ; keep the '' "J£& & MiL5
charge of the tabernacle of the congre- ,lun-s'4'
gation, and the charge of the holy place,
and the charge of the fons of Aaron their
brethren, in the fervice of the houfe of
the Lord. CHAP. XXIV.
Here we have (i) The priefts; I — 9. (2) The Le
vites ; 20 — 3 1 : diftributed by lot into a variety of
claffes, for the more regular difcharge of their work,
according to their families.
NOW thefe are the divifions of the
fons of Aaron. a The fons of Aaron; ^^.,0, sexos.
. ' 28. 1. ch. 6. j.
Nadab, and Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar.
2 But b Nadab and Abihu died before b6.u.'u3v'.lo.&2'6"
their father, and had no children: there
fore Eleazar and Ithamar" executed the
prieft's office.
3 And David diftributed them, both
Zadok c ofthe ions of Eleazar, and Ahi- ever. 6,^1.45™.
melech of the fons of Ithamar, according
to their offices in their fervice.
4 And there were more chief men found
of the fons of Eleazar than of the fons of

be zealous and diligent in God's fervice. But what fovereiglrty
God riianifefts in men's ftations! While the offspring of Aaron
are dignified priefts, thofe of Mofes are but ordinary Levites ; yet
he always proportions men's burdens to their ftrength. And it is
comely when every one in the church cheerfully applies himfelf to.
the meaneft fervice to which he is called; and when the officers
thereof heartily harmonize in working to one another's hands.1.

Orders of priefts

I. CHRONICLES,

and Levites fixecl.

Before Chrift
IOl6.

4 Jofh. 18. 10, ProV,
16. 33. Sc 18. 18.
Afls I. 26.

Ithamar ; and thus were they divided :
Among the foil's of Eleazar there were
fixteen chief men of the houfe of their
fathers, and eight among the fons of
Ithamar according to the houfe of their
fathers. 5 Thus were they divided d by lot, one
fort with another'; for the governors of
ech.o.2B. the fandma'ry*, and governors of the houfe
of God, were of the fons of Eleazar and
of the fons of Ithamar.
6 And Shemaiah the fon of Nethaneel
r 1 ia.. 4. 3. Neh. f^g f fcribe, one of the Levites, wrote
them before the king and the princes, and
Zadok the prieft, and Ahimelech the fon
of Abiathar, and before the chief of the
fathers of the priefts and Levites : one
y*fafher.°uf"'f"" principal * houfehold being taken for
Eleazar, and one taken for Ithamar.
7 Now the firft lot came forth to Je-
^2.36. Net,, lioiarib, the fecond * to Jedaiah,
*E*raN'°- *;•**• 8 The third h to Harim, the fourth to
Seorim, 9 The fifth to Malchijah, the fixth to
jamin,10 The feventh to Hakkoz, the eighth
«A.k...s.iwu». toiAbijah, 1 1 The ninth to Jefhuah, the tenth to
Shecaniah, 1 2 The eleventh toEliafhib, the twelfth
to Jakim, 13 The thirteenth to Huppah, the
fourteenth to Jefhebeab,
"¦ 14 The fifteenth to Bilgah, the fif
teenth to k Immer,
15 The feventeenth toHezir, the eigh
teenth to Aphfes,
16 The nineteenth to Pethahiah, the
twentieth to Jehezekel,
17 The one and twentieth to Jachin,
the two and twentieth to Gamul,
1 8 The three and twentieth to Delaiah,
the four and twentieth fd Maaziah.
19 Thefe were the 'orderings of them

k"Ezra 10. 20. Sc z.
17. Neh. 7.. 40.

1-Num. 24. 5. iCor.
j. 10. & 14. 40.
. Col. 2. 5.

in their fervice to Come into the houfe of

the Lord, m according to their manner,
under Aaron their father, as the Lord
God of Ifrael had commanded him. ,
20 % And the reft of the fons of Levi
Were thefe : n Of the fons of Amram
Shubael ^ : of th« fons of Shubael ; ' Jeh-
deiah. 2 1 Concerning Rehabiah : of fhe fons
of Rehabiah, the firft was Isfliiah.
22 "° Of the Izharites ; + Shelomoth : of
the fons of Shelemoth ; Jahath.
23 And the fons of ^ Hebron ; Jeriah the
firft, Amariah the fecond, Jahaziel the
third, Jekameam the fourth.
24 Of q the fons of Uzziel ; Michah :
of the Ions of Michah ; Shamir.
25 The brother of Michah was Is'fhiah :
of the fons of Isfhiah ; Zechariah.
26 5[ The rfbns of Merari were Mahli
and Mufhi : the fons of Jaaziah ; Beno.
27 The fons of Merari by Jaaziah;
Beno, and Shoham, and Zaccmy and
Ibri. 28 Of Mahli came Eleazar, s who had
no fons.
29 Concerning Kifh : the fon of Kifh
was Jerahmeel.
30 ' The fons alfo of Mufhi ; Mahli^
and Eder, and Jerimoth. Thefe were the
fons of the Levites after the houfe of their
fathers. 3 1 Thefe likewife u caft lots over againft
their brethren the fons of Aaron, in the
prefence- of David the king, and Zadok,
and Ahimelech, and the chief of the fa
thers of the priefts and Levites, even the
principal fathers over againft their younger
brethren. CHAP. XXV.
The order ofthe priefts and their attendant Levites being,
fixed, David here conftitutes the order of the temple
muficians. Here are ( I ) The perfons to be employed
in temple mufic, Afaph, Heman, and Jeduthun, or
Ethan, with their fons and others; I — 7. (2) The
order in which they were to attend determined by lot;
8-31.

Before Chrift
IOtffiv
in A new order en
tered every Sab
bath. 2Kin. 11. 5.
7. ch.9. 25.

nCh.23. 14—17. &
26. 23—28.
tOsShehtiel.

o Ch. 23. 18. Sc 26.
20.
t Or Shllomlth.
pCh.-6. 2. Sctt.e).
8f 23.19. ¦& 26.31.

q Ch. 23. 20. Sc 15,
10. Exod. 6, 18,

r Ch. 23. 21—23. Sc
6. 19. Exod. 6.-1.J.
Num. 3. jc, 33.

s Ch. 23. 22,

t Ch. 23. 2;,

u Thefe fcevites raft
lots, to determine
which orderof the
priefts eachfliquld
affift. Ver. 51*.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — Nothing ought to be
done in the ordering of ecclefiaftical offices but according to God's
dire&ion. What folemnity ought to take place in the fettlement
of minifters; and what order fhould be obferved in the difcharge of
their' work J But great will be the folemnity of the admiflion, and

comely the orders, of the ranfomed priefts in their new covenant
ftate, particularly in the temple above 1 How happy their blefled
equality! No difference is made between bond or free, old or
young j but Chrift is all and in all !

lCh.23-2

A lift if the principal fingers. CHAP
"OREOVER, David and the cap
tains a of the hoft feparated to the
¦F^-chr. fery.ce of the fons of bAfaph? and of
^.^Iciltvt Heman, and of Jeduthun, c who fhould
"*• , prophefy with harps, with pfalteries, and
fer^'icor?^' with t:yBabals : and the number of the
*+ workmen, according to their fervice, was :
2 Of the fons of Afaph ; Zaccur, and
*$S+Ctt. Jofeph, and Nethaniah, and dAzarelah,
the fons of Afaph under the hands of
e"/<tl* v«l Afaph, who prophefied e according to the
order of the king.
3 Of Jeduthun : the fons of Jeduthun ;
for fen. ver. H. Gedaliah, and fZeri, and Jefhaiah, Ha-
8 toed?^"?"' fhabiah, sand Mattithiah; fix; under the
hands of their father Jeduthun, who
prophefied with a harp, to give thanks
and to praife the Lord.
4 Of Heman : the fons of Heman ;
%verJT"u Bukkiah, Mattaniah, h Uzzieh ' She-
jorsi«w.ver..2o. buel, and Jerimoth, Hananiah, Hanani,
Eliathah, Giddalti, and Romamti-ezer,
Jofhbekafhah, Mallothi, Hothir, and
Mahazioth :
5 All thefe were the fons of Heman
kch^isam. tlie k king's feer jn tne i words of God,
iormatten. iPet. t0 \{fy Up the horn. And m God gave to
m cen. 33. s. pf. Heman fourteen fons and three daughters.
6 All thefe were under the hands of
,ucb.23,s.&6.3i. their father for "fons in the houfe of the
CC 1$. TO— 11. & O
\tc5',-ltel: Lord, with cymbals, pfalteries, and
2i.Eph.5..9.coi. j^p^ £Qr t(ae {erv[ce 0f trie houfe of God,
•*b4*^/9 according to the king's order to Afaph,
Jeduthun, and Heman.
7 So the number of them, with their
brethren that were inftructed in the fongs
of the Lord, even all that were cunning,
was two hundred fourfcore and eight.
"S'S'/i'eafj! 8 f And they caft lots, F ward againft
a8lC"''3'"- ward, as well the fmall as the great, the

XXV.

Order of facred fingers fixed*

teacher as the fcholar.
9 Now the firft lot

forth for

"•SKSffiSS: 9 Now the firft fot came
amLlffitsf Afaph to Tofeph; the fecond to Gedaliah,
and ofthe facred , C J 1 ' s r
SffiSJ&t who with his brethren and fons were
»lwt the memhers 4.,,r„1„_,
rftto fchriftian tWClVB |
thurch are repre
fented as four and .
twenty elders j ,
sTisculfd* and his brethren, were twelve:

io The third to Zaccur; he, his fons,

Reflections upon Chap. XXV.— Great cheerfulnefs ought
to be exercifed in the worfhip and fervice of God; and great atten
tion fhould be paid to the praifing of God, as a leading bufinefs of

1 1 The fourth to Izri ; he, his fons,
and his brethren, were twelve:
12 The fifth to Nethaniah; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
1 3 The fixth to Bukkiah ; he, his fons^
and his brethren, were twelve:
1 4 The feventh to Jefharelah ; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve :
1 5 The eighth to Jefhaiah ; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
1 6 The ninth to Mattaniah; he, his
fons, and his brethren, Were twelve :
1 7 The tenth to Shimei ; he, his fons,
and his brethren, were twelve :
1 8 The eleventh to Azareel ; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
19 The twelfth to Hafhabiah; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
20 The thirteenth to Shubael; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve :
2 1 The fourteenth to Mattithiah ; he,
his fons, and his brethren, were twelve :
22 The fifteenth to- Jerimoth; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve :
23 The fixteenth to Hananiah; A?,, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve :
24 The feventeenth to Jofhbekafhah ;
he, his fons, and his brethren, were
twelve :
25 The eighteenth to Hanani; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
26 The nineteenth to Mallothi; he,
his fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
27 The twentieth to Eliathah; he, his
fons, and his brethren, were twelve:
28 The one and twentieth to Hothir;
he, his fons, and his brethren, were
twelve :
29, The two and twentieth to Gid
dalti ; he, his fons, and his brethren, were
twelve : ,
30 The three and twentieth to Maha
zioth ; he, his fons, and his brethren, were.
twelve :
2 1 The four and twentieth to Romamti-
ezer; he, his fons, and his brethren, were
twelve.

Before Chrift
1016.

his faints. And it is comely when thofe in power concur in pro
moting religion ; the latter in perfecting what others before had
begun. Of how little account are human diftinclions before God!

Orders ofthe

I. CHRONICLES.

facred porters fixed.

More Chrift
IOl6.

CHAP. XXVI.
From the days of Mofes the Levites had made no remark
able, figure in Ifrael. ¦ None of the judges, but Eli
and Samuel,, pertained to their tribe. Now they make
a moft fplendid' appearance. Here we have (1) Four
thoufand of- them diftributed into twenty-four claffes
of facred. porters for the temple; I — 19. (2) Others
appointed treafurers of the wealth belonging to the
temple; 20 — 28. (3) Four thoufand and four hun
dred appointed officers and judges in Ifrael, efpecially
in religious matters, along with the princes and elders
of the feveral tribes; 29 — 32.
ONCERNING the divifions of the

Before Chrift
1016.

a CI1.9. 17, Johnio.
3-
b Or Shclemiah.
Ver 14.
c Or JTbiaiiph. Ch.
6. 27. Sc 9. 29.

G

d Ch. 13. 14. Sc 15.
18. & 16. 38.

e That is, Obed-
ed'j.n. As ch. 13.
14. Pf- 127. 3. &
118. 1 — 5. iCor.
15. 58.

porters a : Of the Korhites was Me-
fhelemiahb the fon of Kore, of the fons of
c Afaph. 2 And the fons of Mefhelemiah were,
Zechariah the firft-born, Jediael the
fecond, Zebadiah the third, Japhniel the
fourth, 3 Elam the fifth, Jehohanan the fixth,
Elioenai the feventh.
4 Moreover, the fons of d Obed-edom
were; Shemaiah the firft-born, Jehozabad
the fecond, Joah the third, and Sacar the
fourth,- and Nethaneel the fifth,
5 Ammiel the fixth, Iffachar the
feventh, Peulthai the eighth; for God
bleffed ehim.
6 Alfo unto Shemaiah his fon were fons
born that ruled throughout the houfe of
their- father : for they were f mighty men

1 1 Hilkiah the fecond, Tebaliah the
third, Zechariah the fourth ; all the fons *"
and brethren of Hofah were thirteen.
1 2 Among thefe were the divifions of
the porters, even among the chief men,
'having wards one againft another, to
minifter in the houfe of the Lord.
13 f And they caft lots, k as well the "j^g-*
fmall as the great, according to the houfe S-%'. s%?*&
10. 34.Cal. 3, 28.
Col. 3. 11.

mil for the

1 Called MtJheleC
miah. Ver. 1, 3, 9.

* Heb. Gatheringt,

n l Kin. 10. 5.&12,
28. 2 Chr. 9. 4. ver.
18- Neh. 12. 24.

fVer. 7—9. 2Kin.
24. 14. on. 15. 24.
SVo'th" of valour.
gJrend^ 7 The fons of Shemaiah ;
thclempie ind ia Rephael, and Obed, Elzabad

treafures, and to
Jcec(> order among 1-,,-ofUfpn
thc aflembled UICLIlrCU
niuUitude-

ftrong

Othni, and
whofe
men ; Elihu and

were
Semachiah. 8 All thefe of the fons of Obed-edom
they, and their fons, and their brethren,
able men for ftrength for the fervice, were
threefcore and two of Obed-edom.
9 And g Mefhelemiah had fons and
brethren, ftrong men, eighteen.
10 Alfo h Hofah, of the children of
Merari, had fons ; Simri the chief, (for,
though he was not the firft-born, yet his
icen.^. 7- Deut. father 'made him the chief;)

g Ver. 1.

h Ch. 16. 38.

of their fathers, for every gate.
1 4 And the lot eaftward fell to Shele-
miah1. Then for Zechariah his fon, a
wife counfellor, they caft lots, and his lot
came out northward.
15 To mObed-edom fouthward, and to -v»-*-*
his fons the houfeof *Aiuppim.
1 6 To Shuppim and Hoiah the lot came
forth weftward, with the gate Shallecheth,
by the " caufeway of the going up, ward
againft ward. '
1 7 Eaftward were fix Levites ; north
ward four a day, fouthward four a day,
and toward Afuppim two and two.
18 At "Parbar weftward, four at the °%f.r'ttbm
caufewayv and two at Parbar.
1 9 Thefe are the divifions ofthe porters
among the Pfons of Kore, and among the 'S*7'"'™'
fons of Merari.
20 5[ And, of the Levites, Ahijah was
over the q treafures of the houle of God, qj6%7^,g;fKj<;
and over the treafures of the + dedicated ,Jea\s\tijuo]
thin SS . t Heb. holy things.
21 As concerning the fons of r Laadan; "&i*
the fons of the Gerfhonite Laadan, chief
fathers, even of Laadan the Gerfhonite,
were s Jehieli.
22 The fons of Jehieli ; Zetham, and
Joel his brother, which were over the
1 treafures of the houfe of the Lord.
23 Of u the Amramites, and the Izha
rites, the Hebronites, and the Uzzielites
24 And x Shebuel the fon of Gerfhom, *<*¦ *»•«• A
the fon of Mofes, .was ruler of the trea
fures. 25 And his brethren by y Eliezer; Re- ych.2j.1s.17.*
habiah his fon, and Jefhaiah his fon, and

bni. Ch.6.17,
7-

5 Or Jehiit. Ch. 23.

r Jehie.
.Sens

t Ver. 20. I Kin. 7.
Si
ll Ch. 23. 12—20.
Num. 3. 19, 27.
Exod. 6. 18.

Before him mafter and fcholar, elder and younger, ftand on an
equal level. And, when we find the lot fo much ufed in deciding
in the great things of God, as an immediate appeal to himfelf, how
iinful and profane it muft be to ufe it in trifles, or in what merely

relates to diverfion! As I regard Jehovah's honour, let me never
dare to recreate myfelf with cards or dice, or caft lots in matters of
fmall value.

Levites made treafurers and judges. CHAP. XXVI. XXVII.

Captains of David" 's militia.

Before Chrift
1016.

SlKin.7.5J.ch.i8 11.&22.14.&29
2—9. ver. 27, 28.

a Heb. Out of the
hatt'ci andfpoilt.
Num. 31.50. Judg
S. 2I..24..27.
k J Kin. 12. 14. Neh
10. 32.
C 1 Sara. 9. 9. Sc II
11. & 15.15. & 17
52. Sc 14. 50.
Z Sam. 8> 16.

f! Ch. 23. 12, 18.
e2-Chr. 34. 13. Neh
ji. 16. ch. 23.4.

fCh. 13. 12,19. &
24. 23. & 27. 17.

g Heb. over the
eharee. 2 Chr. 19
III. &17. 8.
Deut. 16. 18. Pf.
ac. 16. ver. 30.

-h Ch. 24. 23, & 23.
19-

12 Sam. j. 4. eh. 29
17, 29. 1 Kin. 2.11

i Jolh. 21.30. If.
> 16. 9.
I Ver. 6—9, 30.

tn Num. 32. 33. ch,
«2^17.Jtlh.l3.

¦ Ver. 30. 2 Chr, 10.
II.' *
t Heb. thini.

Joram his fon, and Zichri his fon, and
Shelomith his fon.
26 Which Shelomith and his brethren
were over all the treafures of the dedicated
things; "which David the king, and the
chief fathers, the captains over thoufands
and hundreds, and the captains of the
hoft, had dedicated.
27 aOut of the fpoils won in battles
did they dedicate b to maintain the houfe
of the Lord.
28 And all that c Samuel the feer, and
Saul the fon of Kifh, and Abner the fon
of Ner, and Joab the fon of Zeruiah., had
dedicated ; and whofoever had dedicated
any thing, it was under the hand of She
lomith, and of his brethren.
29 f Ofthe dIzharites, Chenaniah and
his ions were for e the outward bufinefs
over Ifrael, for officers and judges.
30 find of the fHebronites, Hafhabiah
and his brethren, men of valour, a thou
fand and feven hundred, were s officers
among them of Ifrael on this fide Jordan
weftward, in all the bufinefs of the Lord,
and in the fervice of the king.
31 Among the Hebronites was hJerijah
the chief, even among the Hebronites,
according to the generations of his fathers.
In the 'fortieth year of the reign of David
they were fought for, and there were
found among them mighty men of valour
at k Jazer of Gilead.
32 And his brethren, 'men of valour,
were two thoufand and feven hundred
chief fathers, whom king David made
rulers over m the Reubenites, the Gadites,
and the half tribe of Manaffeh, for every
matter" pertaining,to God and + affairs of
the king. C H A P. XXVII.
Here we have the civil lift of Ifrael, including the mi
litary. (1) The twelve eaptain-s for the feveral
months of the year, with 24,000 trained bands un-

Before Chi ill
1016.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — Great order ought to take
place in Chrift's church; and great care with refpect to the admif-
non or difmiflion of members, or approaches to and returns from
fclgrnn work. What diftinguifhed bleffings. attend .thofe, who,
like Obed-edom, are careful of God's ark and intetefts in a day of
diftrefs! It is proper to beftow on works of piety and charity what
God beftows upon us in extraordinary favours ; and to preferve
Vot. I.

officers that "ferved the king "s"km-SJ-?°-„,
O 2 Chr. 17. 19. PC
matter of the courfes, which v--"-*1"-**-

der each; I — 1 5. (2) The princes of the feveral
tribes; 16 — 24. (3) The overfeer s of the king's
fubftance and attendants on his perfon ; 25 — 34.
(4) A fhort hint concerning the numbering of the
people, which happened juft before thefe fettlement!
were made; 23, 24.
NOW the children of Ifrael, after their.
number, to wit, the chief fathers" Thefc ofl!«" *'<¦
J • <- 1 r ¦> tt 1-1 not live all at once.
and captains of thoufands and hundreds,
and their
in any
came in and went out month by month
throughout all the months, of the year,
of every courfe were twenty and four
thoufand. 2 Over the firft courfe for the firft
month was b Jafhobeam the fon of Zab- bzli"it^it-
diel : and in his courfe were twenty and
four thoufand.
3 Of the children of c Perez was the' «°j '.;**«• cen.
chief of all the captains of the hoft for the
firft month.
4 And over the courfe of the fecond
month was d Dodai an Ahohite, and ofd%D^cC.,.».
his courfe was Mikloth alfo the ruler : in
his courfe likewife were twenty and four
thoufand. 5 The third captain of the hoft for the
third month was e Benaiah the, fon of c *,?!"& £8-lKS
Jehoiada, a fchief prieft: and in his "'"'.
courfe were twenty and four thoufand. l>SnKiz° '"
6 This is that Benaiah who was e mightv eif'1- 2J- "• "•
p J 23. ch. 11.22— 25.
among the thirty, and above the thirty :
and in his courfe was Ammizabad his
fon. 7 The fourth captain for the fourth
month was h Afahei the brother of Joab, h .^ck?,.**:
and Zebadiah his fon after him : and in
his courfe were twenty and four thou
fand. 8 The fifth captain for the fifth month
was 'Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his i2sam.23.2s.dt,
courfe were twenty and four thoufand.
9 The fixth captain for the fixth month
was kIra the fon of Ikkefh the Tekoite; kj,s™:i3l6ch-

carefully whatever is dedicated to the Lord. While our life con
tinues there is always fomething to be done for God. And, tha
nearer our end approaches, the greater ought to be our induftry in
doing good. They bid fair to be a happy nation who are taught to
fear God and honour the king. And thofe parts of nation's and
churches which are weakeft and moft expofed ought to be taken
particular care of. 4'K

Before Chrift
1016.

I 2 Sam.'ij. 26. ch
ii. 27.

11 2 Sam. 23. 27.
si. 18,27. ch,
x, Se 20. 4.

a z Sam. 23. 17. ch.
u. 28.

a z Sam. 13. 18. ch.
II. 30.

$ 2 Sam. 23. 30. ch,
u. 31.

HOsKeleh. Ch. II.
30. HWei. 2 Sam.
23. 29.
I Judg. 3.9. ch. 4.13.

s Bee ch. z. 1, 2.
Exod. 1. 1—5.
Gen. 29. 32—35.
& 3c. s— 24. &
35. 18 — 22. & 46.
8^-26. Num. j.ii.
K. Xiii. XXvi. XX Xiv.
ch. ii— ix. & 12.
23—40. Rev. 7. 5
—8. j Kin. 4. 7—
a Ch. 26. 30.
u 2 Sam. 8.17. & 10.
*5-
X Or £/iflfc. I Sim.
16. 6. & 17.13,28.
eh. 2, 1 j.

Civil rulers of the feveral tribes. I. CHRONICLES.
and in his courfe were twenty and four
thoufand. 10 The feventh captain for the feventh
month was l Helez the Pelonite, of the
children of Ephraim : and in his courfe
were twenty and four thoufand.
1 1 The eighth captain for the eighth
month was ra Sibbecai the Hufhathite, of
the Zarhites : and in his courfe were
twenty and four thoufand.
12 The ninth captain for the ninth
month was n Abiezer the Anetothite,. of
the Benjamites : and' iri his courfe were
twenty and four thoufand.
13 The tenth captain for the tenth
month was °Maharai the Netophathite,
-of the Zarhites : and in his courfe were
twenty and four thoufand.
1 4 The eleventh captain for the eleventh
month was p Benaiah the Pirathonite, of
the children of Ephraim : and in his courfe
were twenty and four thoufand.
1 5 The twelfth captain for the twelfth
month was 1 Heldai the -Netophathite, of
Othniel r: and in his courfe were twenty
and four thoufand.
1 6 ^f Furthermore, over the s tribes of
Ifrael : the ruler of the Reubenites. was
Eliezer the fon of Zichri : of the Simeon-
ites, Shephatiah the fon of Maachah :
1 7 Of the Levites, ' Hafhabiah the fon
of Kemuel : of the Aaronites, u Zadok :
1 8 Of Judah , x Elihu one of the brethren
of David : of Iffachar, Omri the fon of
Michael :
19 Of Zebulun, Ifhmaiah the fon of
Obadiah : of Naphtali, Jerimoth the fon
t5f Azriel :
20 Of the children of Ephraim, Ho
fhea the fon of Azaziah : ofthe half tribe
of Manaffeh, Joel the fon of Pedaiah :
2 1 Of the half tribe of Manaffeh * in
Gilead, Iddo the fon of Zechariah: of
amin, Jaafiel the fon of 'Abner:
22 Of Dan, Azareel the ion of Jero
ham. Thefe were the princes of the tribes
of Ifrael.

JOverfeers of David's fubftance.

yCen. 31.21. Scyj.
zc. Kum. 3a. 33,

p 1 8am. 14. co.
-i Sam. 3. 17— 38.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII.-— In the moft quiet and
profperous condition let me prepare for trouble, and ftand ready for
spiritual warfare. Not only every month, but every moment, I
1

23 ^f But David took not the number
of them from a twenty years old and
under; becaufe the Lord had faid he
would increafe Ifrael like to the ftars of
the heavens.
24 Joab the fon of Zeruiah began to
number, but he finifhed not, becaufe
b there fell wrath for it againft Ifrael ;
neither was the number put in the account
of the chronicles of king David.
25 ^[ And over the c king's treafures
was Azmaveth the fon of Adiel : and over
the ftorehoufes in the fields, in the cities,
and in the villages, and in the caftles,
was Jehonathan the fon of Uzziah :
26 And over them that did the work
of the field for tillage of the ground was
Ezri the fon of Chelub :
27 And over the d vineyards was Shimei
the Ramathite : * over the increafe of the
vineyards for the wine cellars was Zabdi
the Shiphmite-:
28 And over the olive trees and the
fycamore trees e that were in the low
plains was Baal-hanan the Gederite : and
over the cellars of oil was Joafh :
29 And over the herds that fed in
1 Sharon was Shitrai the Sharonite: and
over the herds that were in the valleys
was Shaphat the fon of Adlai:
2Q Over ethe camels alfo was Obil the
Ifhmaelite : and over the affes was Jeh-
deiah the Meronothite :
3 1 And over the flocks was Jaziz the
Hagerite. All thefe were the rulers of
the fubftance which was king DavicPs.
32 Alfo Jonathan David's h uncle was
a counfellor, a wife man, and a * fcribe:
and Jehiel the + fon of Haehmoni was
with the king's fons :
33 And * Ahithophel was the king's
counfellor, and Hufhai the Archite was
the king's companion :
34 And after Ahithophel was Jehoiada
the fon of k Benaiah, and Abiathar: and
the general of the king's army was
1 Joab.

Before Chrift
1017.
a Num.1. 8. GeiMj.
5. Sc 22. 17.

b Ch. ji. 6S 7, 14,
1 Sam. 24. 1—15.

IOl6.
e 2 Chr. 21.9.01 1 v
z. z Kin. 18, 15.

d Song 8. ti. Devi.
6. 11. Sc 8.8.
* Heb. ever that
which was of tht
sfmcsarit.

el Kin, 10. 27. 2 Chr,
1. ij. Sc gczy. ft,
78. 47. If. 9. 10.
Amos 7. 14. Luke
17. 6. & 191 4.

f Song 2. 1. If. 33.},
Sc 35.2. Sc 65. 10.
or that ch. c. 16.
It was a pleafant
fruitful fpot.

g Job 1. 3.2 Kin. j.
4. Gen. 47. &

h Nephew. J San.
21. 21.. .
• Or fecretaty,
f Or Hachmmitr,

i2?am.i6. ix. ictc,
37- & 17- I— ISl
*3>

kikin.T.8.&Mt> or whofe fon was.
1 1 Kin. 1. 7. ch. 18.
lS. & 2. 16. & II.
6. 1 Sam. 8. 16.
x. xviii. xx. k 24.
*— 4-

am in danger of new affaults from fin, Satan, and' the world. Let
me never indulge myfelf in curious pride: and, if I have been
guilty, let mefaewa lafting deteftation of my fm. It will never

David exhorts the princes oflfraef.

chap, xxvnr..

David's charge to Solomon.

Before Chrift
IO15.

CHAP. XXVIII.
In this and the following chapter we have David's
farewell to Solomon his fon and his fubjecls. Here,
in a general convention of the ftates, fummoned for
that purpofe, ( I ) David declares God's appointment
tf Solomon to inherit the crown and build his temple
for him; 2 — 7. (2) He folemnly charges the people
and Solomon to make religion ibeir principal bufinefs
if they wifhed to profper ; 8 — 10. (3) He delivers
up the divine model of the temple, and the materials
for building it, to Solomon; 11 — 19. (4) He
ftrongly encourages him to the work, fince God, the
priefts, people, and princes, Would affift him in it ;
20, 21.
'SffifiZ*. A nd D^vid a affembled all the princes
JLA. of Ifrael, the princes of the tribes,
and the captains of the companies that
miniftered to the king by courfe, and the
captains over the thoufands, and captains
over the hundreds, and the ftewards over
• or««.'ft a|i the fubftance and * poffeffion of the
AQtemuthu king and of his fons, with the f officers,
and with the mighty men, and with all
the valiant men, unto Jerufalem.
*£Stfifi:£& 2 Then David the king b ftood up
upon his feet, and faid, Hear me, my
c£"22.'7'M'pr' brethren0, and my people: As for me, I
«ch.i7.i,2.&22. had ^in mine heart to build an houfe of
7. 2 Sam. 7. 2.
acm- 4«- nan. j-efte for tne ^fa 0f tae covenant, of the
• ch.6.ji.Ki}> Lord, and for the ffootftool of our God,
m 99. 5. sc 132.7. and had made s ready for the building:
3 But God faid unto me, h Thou fhalt
not build an houfe for my name, becaufe
\Kit.li'.sc\ thou hafl been a man of war, and haft fhed
I8,l9.ch.22.8. & +,,,-'? blood. 4 Howbeit, the Lord God of Ifrael

Before Chrifl
1015.

Lam, 2. j,
gCh. xxii. 2 Sam. 8.

17.4. z Chr. 6,
-8,9.
t Heb. bloods.
"ch™7.,7L£.,|; chofe1' me before all the houfe of my
*u-j«. father to be king over Ifrael for ever;
kCen. 1 Sam.

saml'^ij'pf for he hath chofen k Judah to be the ruler;
,2*W"*and of the houfe ofjudah the houfe of
my father; and among the fons of my
father he liked me to make me king over
itta»-,.ftj. all Hrael :
9.4&,;.CJ4'.1- 5 And of all 1 my fons, (for the Lord
"^itaK.^1' natn given me many fons,) he hath
«5.ieh.m7.' ch0fen tn s0lomon my fon to fit upon the
*'jfa^7.R«. throne n of the kingdom of the Lord
"&un. 7. „, ,4. over I frael .
g£$f»S " 6 And he faid unto me, "Solomon thy
te.i&a'Hl.. fori) ne £han Duiid my houfe and my

courts ; for I have chofen him to be my
fon, and I will be his father.
7 Moreover, pI will eftablifh his king- 'ftg&gfL
dom for ever, if he be II conftant to do ?£."•«• ^
my commandments and my judgments, |fHeb-A«f.
asq at this day. *nc.n.z.J.&8.6r.
8 Now therefore, rin the fight of all 'T^t^.
Ifrael the congregation of the Lord, and
in the audience of our God, s keep and '^i$»$£
feek for all the commandments of the * %¦ >mi •*»:
Lord your God : that ye may poffefs Vi^W
this good land, and leave it for an in- ch'"-'9,
heritance for your children after you for
ever. 9 5[ And thou, Solomon my fon, 'know '^"jottf/V'9'
thou the God of thy father, and ferve »f* »¦*¦«•»•
him "with a perfect heart and with a u?cut-'0 11-^-
1 2z. 37. 1 K.m, s.
willing mind: for xthe Lord fearcheth £;*Kin-20-3-&
all hearts, and underftandeth all the ima- *isam. 16. 7.1*7.
. . . g. ix 139. z. Jer.
gmations of the thoughts : ? if thou feek
him, he will be found of thee; but, if
thou forfake him, he will caft thee off for y zTiZl'dttVf.
_,,__ 6.'pr.32.6. ikin!
ever. 18. is: 2Kin. 23.
10 zTake heed now; for the Lord z a.'. m.3',^.'
hath chofen thee to build an houfe for the ?S1m!:|Sl
fanctuary: be ftrong, and do it. iTim'^iiScu
1 1 5[ Then David gave to Solomon his
fon "the pattern of the b porch, and of i" &"&$?*

139- -
11.20. &I7.IO.&
ao. ia. Rev. z. %\i
ch. 19. 17. Pro*.
17.3.

ver. ia, 15).

the houfes thereof, and of the treafuries i)1Kin.6.*-3<s.
thereof, . and of the upper chambers ^C1":•3•3-,,7•
thereof, and of the inner parlours thereof,
and of the place of the mercy feat.
12 And the pattern *of all that he *^^" """w,u
had by the fpirit, of the courts of the
houfe of the Lord, and of all the cham
bers round about, of c the treafuries of %i'4 ^""'y-
7 26. Sc -it. 15,. 18.
the houfe of God, and of the treafuries of \ff l6- 8-*lS-
the dedicated things :
13 Alfo; for d the courfes of the priefts «fc.siii-*xvi.
and the Levites,.. and for all the work of
the fervice of the houfe of the Lord, and
for all the. veffels of fervice in the houfe
of the Lord.
14 *He gave of gold by weight for *S?S^"
things of gold, for all inftruments of all 10U g°"
manner of fervice ; filver alfo for all
inftruments of filver by weight, for all
inftruments of every kind of fervice :

turn to any good account, or to any future comfort. ., Let me
guide my civil affairs with difcretionj for more religion lies in the

right management of temporal concerns than is generally ima
gined ,.
4K1

David encourages 'Solomon and I. CHRONI C L E Sr - the princes to build the templt

Before Chrift
1015.
e 1 Kin. 7. 49. 2 Chr.
4.7,20. Ex-id. 25.
51—45.

15 Even the weight for the e candle
fticks of gold, and for their lamps of
°-®ld, by weight for every candleftick,
and for the lamps thereof : and- for the
candlefticks of filver by weight, both for
the candleftick, and alfo for the lamps
thereof, according to the ufe of every
candleftick. 16 And by weight he gave gold for
f tables of fhew-bread, for every
table ; and likewife filver for the tables of
filver :
1 7 Alfo spure gold for the flefh-hooks,
and the bowls, and the cups : and for the
golden bafons he gave gold by weight for
every bafon ; and likewife filver by weight
for every bafon of filver :
1 8 And for the h altar of incenfe refined
gold by weight ; and gold for the pattern
the ' chariot of the cherubims, that
fpread out their wings, and covered the
ark of the covenant of the Lord.
1 9 All this, faid David, k the Lord
made me underftand in writing by his
hand upon me, even all the works of this
pattern. 20 % And David faid to Solomon his
fon, 1 Be ftrong, and of good courage,
fear not, nor be difmayed : for
Lord God, even my God, will be
with thee ; he will not fail thee, nor for
fake thee, until thou haft finifhed all the
work for the fervice of the houfe of the
Lord. 21 And, behold, m the courfes of the
priefts and the Levites, even they jhall be
with thee for all the fervice of the houfe
of God ; and there fhall be with, thee,
n\^z\Txf tit for all manner of workmanfhip, "every
willing fkilful man, for any manner of

f2Chr. 4. 8. IKin. fhe
7. 48. Exod. 25. 23
—30.

g I Kin. 10. 21.
2 Chr. 4. 20.
j Sam. 2. 13, 14,

ft iKin. 7.48. Exod.
' 30. 1— 10.

I Sam. 4. 4. Ezek. r.C
1.24. iKin. 6. 23 x
—30. Pf. 99. 1. &
18.1.'. & 8c. I.

|c Ver. 11, 12. Exod.
25. 40. Sc 26. 30.

ICh. 21.13,16. Deut
.31.7, 8. Jofh. 1.5.
&23.6.Hcb.i3.}. ' ,
z^szftfilfi- and d° tt
TO. 17. If, 41. 10, eX, p
14, IJ.

sa Ch. xxiii— xxvi.

fervice: alfo "the princes and all the Bef°r0eIcJl,;m
people will be wholly at thy command- „ a,. 22. ,7-,,7-
ment.

Rom. Ij. i.i it,
J. I.

CHAP.

XXIX.

Here (1) David continues his diretlions to his fubjecls,
preffing them, from his own example, to contribute
towards the building and furnijhing of the temple ;
I — 5. (2) They accordingly make very generous
prefents ; 6 — 9. (3) Animated with the fight,
David offers up folemn prayers for them, admiring
God's excellency and kindnefs, and begging his con
tinued favour; 10 — 19. (4) He and the people
join in folemn praife to God, facrifices, and facred
feafting; 20 — 22. (5) Solomon is hereupon again
enthroned with great joy and magnificence, and
univerfal fubmiffion; 22 — 25. (6) David dies,
after having reigned forty years, and done much ;
26 — 30. -;
FURTHERMORE, David the king
faid unto a all the congregation,
Solomon my fon, whom God alone hath
chofen, is yet b young and tender, -and the
work is great: for the c palace is not for
man, but for the Lord God.
2 Now I d have prepared with all my
might for the houfe of my God the gold
for things to be made of gold, and the
filver for things of filver, and the brafs
for things of brafs, the iron for things of
iron, and wood for things of wood;
onyx- ftones e, and ftones to be fet, glifter-
ing ftones, and of divers colours, and all
manner of precious ftones, and marble
ftones in abundance.
2 Moreover, f becaufe I have fet my
affection to the houfe of -my God, I have
of E mine own proper good, of gold and
filver, which I have given to the houfe of
my God, over and above all that h I have
prepared for the holy houfe,
4 Even * three thoufand talents of gold
of the gold of * Ophir, and feven thoufand

a Ch. 1%. j, 8.

bCh. 11.5, 17. }
2 Chr. 12. 13. &f,
30. iKin. 3. 7.
Prov. 4. 1.
cCh.18. 10. 2 Chr.
». 4, 5. Pf. 132. S.,
d Ch. 22. 14— 16.
I Cor. 8. 3,

e If. 54. II, 12. Rev,
21. 18—11, 1 I'd,
2.4.J.

f 2 Cor. 5.14 Pf.84.
1. & zi. 8 .Sc 137.
S, 6. Sc cxxii.
g Prov. 3. 9, 10.
•2 Cor. 8. 3.
h Ver. 2; ch. 22. 14
— 16. U.49.13.&
Co, 14- I
? About 125 tons of
gold, and 29] of
filver", in value'16
millions 82 thou-
land and 312I. ios.
flcrling.
i 1 Kin. 9. 28.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII.' — It is honourable to be
removed and exalted to the church eternal, while we are earneftly
exerting ourfelves to- leave all things well in the church below.
Public fettlements of religion and kingdoms ought to be condu&ed
with the utmoft prudence, that (if poflible) all concerned may be
fatisfied. Rulers in church and ftate fhould deal with thofe under
them in the moft affectionate and engaging manner. Refpedful
kindnefs has a powerful tendency to fecure their cheerful fervice.
And, even when the fettlement is divine and cannot be altered,
care ought to be taken to convince. every one of its divinity. God
puts his honourable work into what hands he pleafes. But a folid

knowledge of God, holy awe of him as the fearcher of hearts, re-
warder of piety, and punifluar'of apoftafy, and a knowledge of ouf
divine call, are neceffary to excite us to his fervice. Every thing
in God's church and worfhip ought to be framed exactly according-
to his infpired model, without the fmalleft intermixture of the in
ventions of men: and in executing defigns for his honour we
fhould be benevolent and cheerful. God's owning our fathers in
his work, and efpecially the promifes of his prefence with us, Ihould
make us to renounce every unbelieving fear and every degree of irt-
folence. And, when princes, priefts, and people, heartily concur in,
God's wofk, the fpiritual building rifes glorioufly.

Davia sand his princes' facred offerings. CHAP. XXIX. David praifes God for his mercies.
Beforechrift taients 0f ref5ned filver, to overlay the

% Aheut i

land
, lterling.
.J 7S3 ton.

walls of the houfes withal
5 The gold for things of gold, and the
filver for things of filver, and for all
manner of work to be made by the hands
.'Jf&V&r* of artificers. And who then is k willing
ttlc'tofiiiAshand. to f confecrate his fervice this day unto the
Lord ?
- »c,Tir.fc. 3! ¦- "6 ^ Then the ' chief of the fathers and
princes of the tribes of Ifrael, and the
captains - of thoufands and of hundreds,
with the rulers over the king's work,
offered willingly,
7 And gave for the fervice of the houfe
g'HjSSof God, of gold t five thoufand talents
lan^Fi0"" an<^ teI1 thoufand drams, and of filver ten
thoufand talents, and of brafs. H eighteen
thoufand talents, and one "hundred thou
fand talents of iron.
8 And they with whom precious ftones
were found gave them to the treafure of
the houfe of the Lord, by the hand of
m ch. «. », iz. Jehiel m the Gerfhonite.
9 Then the people rejoiced for that
"s^Ei'aa'&.they "offered willingly, becaufe with
^'i'c'of.VS: perfect heart they offered willingly to the
, Lord: and David the king alio rejoiced
with great joy.
10 % Wherefore David bleffed the
Lord before all the congregation: and
•KA!" David faid, "Bleffed be thou, Lord God
2 Chr. 20.6. Ezek. r -r r i r *r\ ¦ r ,
3. «. pr. cxiv- of Ifrael, our father, for ever and ever.
cl. 7 7
,Mat.«.u.iTim. 11 p Thine, O Lord, is the greatnefs,
Rev!'s. it j5/.'6' and the power, and the glory, and the
Neh. 9.5,6. Sc 1. ._ rj, . r\ ° r 11 7
££&£'.?: I^: victory, and the majefty : for all that is
M8fcre.1&£,& in the heaven -and in the earth is thine;
U'j-'^rian. thine is the kingdom, O Lord, and thou
art exalted as head above all.

34,35. Mat. I
*,cts 4. 24.

25. Ai

q Deut. 8. 18. Prov.
10. 22. Pf. 75. 6, 7.

12 Both q riches and honour come of
jam. 1.17. thee, r and thou reigneft over all ; and in
ir Dan. 4. 34, 35. & . ' . O '
&s,:^.vscs;s!\; thine hand is power and might ; and m
4-&i9-i,6. thine hand // is to make great, and to give

ftrength unto all.
13 Now therefore, our God, s we
thank thee, and praife thy glorious name.
14 But 'who am I, and what is my
people, that we fliould be able to offer fo
ttI,?y;¥'e71:*40m- willingly after this fort ? for all u things
come of thee, and of thine own have we
given thee.

. »W.iot.i.&io6.i - exxxv. exxxvi.
ralv— cl.'

IPC 115. i, 2 Cor.
3- S- Phil. 2. 13.
I Cor. 15. 10.

Before Chrift
1015.

1 5 For x we are ftrangers before thee,
and fojourners, as were all our fathers: x pr. 19. ». & „,,
our y days on the earth are as a fhadow, •Wa.'iV.'coi.
and there is none abiding. y jot. 14.1^.909,
16 O Lord our God, z all this ftore la.'jam.';^!'6,
that we have prepared to build thee an * I'^ill'i^H
houfe for thine holy name cometh of thine 24' '"
hand, and is all thine own.
1 7 I know alfo, my God, that thou
trieft" the heart, and haft b pleafure in up- ^K^nlVt
rightnefs. As for me, in the uprightnefs bPf.5i.6.&ii.7.
of mine heart I have willingly offered all Prw- "¦ *"•
thefe things : and now have I feen with
joy thy people, which are prefent here,
to offer willingly unto thee.
18 O Lord cGod of Abraham, Ifaac, '**£&'£
and of Ifrael, our fathers, dkeep this for dj^.ialj.'ch.*
ever in the imagination of the thoughts 9' A& "' 1J'
of the heart of thy people, and e prepare eVlZ'l£hw!r$i.
.11 ..iT 1.6/&2.13.
their heart unto thee ;
19 And give unto Solomon my ffon fTl.°Bzltl£z%,":
a perfect heart, to keep thy command- :imV,?5.k.j$w
ments, thy teftimonies, and thy ftatutes,
and to do all thefe things, and to build the
palace/or the which El have made provifion. *"'"/. It*"'
20 ^F And David faid to all the congre
gation, hNow blefs the Lord your God. hpr.io},i,2,».s;
O ' J 134. i, cc 145. IO,
And all the congregation blefled the Lord &,4S¦'3' '4-
God of their fathers, and 'bowed down i cen.^26. exo*.
their heads, and' worfhipped the Lord J^f- »'• "*•
and the king.
21 And they k facrificed facrifices unto k *£>>'• ?• 4-9;
J ¦ . 1 Km. 8. 62—65.
theLoRD, and offered burnt-offerings unto Ezra6l7-
the Lord, on the morrow after that day,
even a thoufand bullocks, a thoufand rams,
and a thoufand lambs, with their drink- ; ; <
offerings, arid facrifices in abundance for
all Ifrael :
22 And did eat and drink 'before the lemi- m-"- l«C
. . .- , - 7- 15. id- Neh- 8.
Lord on that day with great gladnefs. "¦
And they made Solomon the fon of David
king m the fecond time, and anointed him mwitxch.»j. t.
0 , T jil-i- 1 Kin. 1. 38, 39.
unto the Lord to be the chief governor,
and a Zadok to be prieft. «. Kin. 2.35.15am.
22 ^TThen Solomon fat on °the throne och.28.s.&i7.,4.
r , • r\ 11 PI- 82. 1. Prov, 8.
ofthe Lord as king inftead of David his «s- ««»>•« j-»-
father, and p profpered ; and all Ifrael p«4-"j a! W*
obeyed him. >
24 And all the princes, and the mighty
men, and all the fons likewife of king

Solomon again made king.

I. CHRONICLES.

David dies in great honour.

Before Chrift
1015.

David, 1 fubmitted themfelves unto Solo
mon the king.
25 And the Lord magnified Solomon
exceedingly in the fight of all Ifrael, and
\™%ll ch"*.1.; befto wed r upon him fuch royal majefty
12.&CI.2.9. «* , , ,. , r J , • Y r u-
as had not been on any king before him
in Ifrael. 26 «f[ Thus David the fon of Jeffe
feigned s over all Ifrael.
27 And the 'time that he reigned over
Ifrael was forty years ; feven years reigned
he in Hebron, and thirty and three years
reigned he in Jerufalem.

j} Heb. gave the hand
under Solomon.
- Gen. 24. 2. Sc 47.
29. Ezek. 17. is.

1 1 Kin. 3. 13. & 1.
37. 47. 2 Chr. - -
zz. Eccl. 2. 9.
"xiv. Ixxii. ex.
. Heb. z. 8, 19.

» Ch. 18. 14. Pf. 78.
7ii7*-
x 1 Kin. 2. 11. 2 Sam.
, 5. 5. & 1. ji. ch.
3.4.

Hefore Chrift
10x5.

28 And he died in a u good old age, full
of days, riches, and honour: and Solomon u~Gen.iS ,
his fon reigned in his ftead. ^ifd^*.*.
20 Now xthe acts of David the king, "'^•"i*1'48*
firft and laft, behold, they are written in fsam.lvSxxx.
the book of Samuel the feer, and in the f^j^Mj.
book of Nathan the prophet, and in the *«> "¦!*-«¦
book of Gad the feer ;
30 With all his reign and his might,
and the times that went over him, and
over Ifrael, and over all the kingdoms of
the countries.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — Young beginners ought
to be ftrongly encouraged in the Lord's way. What we do for
God fhould correfpond with the excellencies of his nature and his
kindnefs to us, and fhould be done with all our might ; for that only
is acceptable to God which is done from hearty affection to him.
He loves a cheerful giver : and when our heart is right our hand
¦will be open. But it is not enough that we do our own duty; we
muft alfo ftir up others to their's ; and, to draw them to that which
is good, we muft fhew them an example. Such as fet their affec
tion upon God's fervjee will think no pains or coft too much to
beftow upon it: and what is beftowed in this manner ufually brings
it's own reward in prefent comfort. It is a pleafure to faints to
fee God's work carried on with vigour, and to behold a mutual
emulation in good works. It is a pleafure. for them to die in the
comfortable profpecT: of the church's profperity; and that they leave
behind them fuch as will zealoufly endeavour the maintenance of
religion in its purity and power. But how delightful is it when
dying faints have their mouths opened in prayer, praife, and thankf

giving ! And how amazing the infinite excellencies and unbounded
kindnefs of God ! How unquestionable his right to our moft exalted
praife ! Whatever gifts or grace men have, they have it all from
him. And, the more we do for him, we are the more indebted to
him for employing and enabling us, and ought to walk the more
humbly with him. And, though our good works ought never to
encourage our pride, yet fhould they be the matter of our praife.
If we would retain good impreffions on our fpirit, we muft com
mit the keeping of them to God. A heart fincerely fixed upon
him is the greateft bleffing we can here enjoy : and a holy rejoicing
fhould enliven every aft of our fellowihip with him ; particularly
our feafting by faith on the facrifice of his Son. For great is the
honour God gives to thofe whom he calls to his work, while they
ferve him faithfully therein. But how fhort a ftep there is between
a throne and a grave ! The brighteft ftars that appear in the church
muft quickly fet in death, and leave their room to others. Let
therefore the divinely anointed, the no more dying Jefus, be all my
joy and confolation!

The SECOND BOOK of CHRONICLES.

This book greatly coincides wifh the firft and fecond book of Kings, and contains a hiftory of about 480 years, till the return
from Babylon : only there we had the hiftory of Ifrael and Judah mixed together ; in this we have fcarcely any thing but the
hiftory of David's defcendants, much of which we had not before. In general, the good kings were fuccefsful, and the wicked
feverely punifhed, as Mofes bad predicted, Lev. xxvi. Deut. xxviii — xxxii. andiv.25 — 30. Here we have the peace
able reign of Solomon, ch. i — ix. ; the blemijhed reign of Rehoboam, x — xii.; the fhort but bufy reign of Abijah, xiii.; fhe
'Jong and happy reign of Afa, xiv — xvi.; the pious and profperous reign of Jehofhaphat, xvii — xx.; the infamous reigns of
Jehoram and Ahaziah, xxi. xxii. ; the unfteady reigns of Joafh and Amaziah, xxiii — xxv. ; the long, profperous, but ill-
concluded, reign of Uzziah, xxvi. ; the regular reign of Jotham, xxvii. ; the idolatrous, profane, and miferable, reign of
Ahaz, xxviii. ;^ the reforming -and glorious reign of Hezekiah, xxix — xxxii. ; the deforming and wicked reigns of Manaffeh.
and Amon, xxxiii.; the pious and reforming reign of Jofiah, xxxiv. xxxv.; andthe reigns of Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim,- Jehoi
achin, and Zedekiah, deftruclive to the nation t xxxvi.

Solomon's prayer for wifdom i

CHAP. I.

Before Chrift
1015.

4 1 Kin. 2. 12, 46.
* Chr. 29. 24. &
II. to.

I.7-:
Rom. 8.

-c I Chr. 29.25. & 17.
8. Eph. 1. 20— 22.

CHAP. I.
Coincides with 1 Kings iii. 5 — 13; and X. 26 — 29.
God and Ifrael had begun to magnify Solomon exceed
ingly v Here ( 1 ) Solomon honours God by folemn
facrifices to him, and by fupplications for neceffary
wifdom from him; 1 — 10. (2) God honours Solo
mon, by granting him his requeft in extraordinary
wifdom and knowledge, attended with unparallelled
riches and honour; n, 12. (3) Solomon honours
Ifrael, by the aftonifhing increafe of their warlike
force, grandeur, wealth, and trade ; 13 — 17.
ND Solomon the fon of David
was "ftrengtbened in his king
dom, and the Lord his God was
1 cen. 21.12. 2-Kin. with11 him, and "-magnified him exceed-
lo. 7. Z bam. 5. 10. * Q
31.1r.41. ingly. 2 Then Solomon d fpake unto all Ifrael,
fTim^.'kcv. to the captains of thoufands and of hun-
s. 11. Dan. 7. ,4. ^-eds, and to the judges, and to everv
aiChr.13. 1.& 15. ' . ii-rrii 1 • 1
li^fii!'*^' governor in all Ifrael, the chief of the
34. 29, 30. rat ner s.
3 So Solomon, and all the congregation
with him, went to the high place that
* \f*2fsefzltCz\r: was at e Gibeon ; for there was the taber-
Ts.^.lf.'Szilvi. nacle f of the congregation of God, which
t-Exorj.20-.,. Lev. Mofes the fervant of the Lord8 had made
gExod.xxxvi_xi. in the wildernefs.
With XXV— XXXI. ,-.-. . ,. «.
4 h But the ark of God had David
J Chr. 15 '

his exceeding great wealth.
unto David my father be eftablifhed; for ™°r0\filk
thou p haft made me king over a people p,K>n. 3.7.Gen."
like t the duft of the earth in multitude. Min-^Dan!7;.

14. Mat. 28. 19.

f Much as the duft.

i Exod. 38. 1—7. &
-27.1—8.

h 2Sam. 6. 2, 17.
^ilsc ?6. i.& brought up from Kirjath-jearim to the
-place which David had prepared for it : for
he had pitched a tent for it at Jerufalem.
5 Moreover, 'the brazen altar, that
Bezaleel the fon of Uri, the fon of Hur,
•or y,K th,rc, j^d m3_de, * he put before the tabernacle
of the Lord : and Solomon and the con
gregation fought unto it.
6 And Solomon went up thither to the
brazen altar before the Lord, which was
at the tabernacle of the congregation,
^Ik^IV&s. and offered k a thoufand burnt-offerings
63. Lev. 1. 3. cii. ,,___ ;«.
7- 7- / upon it.
*»«:||r6.'if. 7 % lIn ^at night did God appear
$at?7^,|.joi..n unto JSolomon, and faid unto him, Afk
*'11' 's'7* what I fhall give thee.
inpr.105 ,-.3& § And Solomon faid unto God, ra Thou
exxxv. oxxvi. jla^ fhewed great mercy unto David my
^v*1'*19' father, and haft made me n to reign in his
,r5£w7ichr',l6, ^ea(^*
8T£ fc?"7" 9 Now, O Lor d God, • let thy promife

th

is'

10 qGive me now wifdom and know
ledge, that I may go out and come in q
before this people : for who can judge this Zig&'fiX'1
thy people, that is fo great ?
1 1 And God faid to Solomon, Becaufe
was in thine heart, and thou haft rV!ai8.'&^?'.,,K;?r:
not afked riches, wealth, or honour, nor *"•'¦
the life of thine enemies, neither yet haft
afked long life; but haft afked wifdom
and knowledge for thyfelf, that thou
mayeft judge my people, over whom I
have made thee king;
12 Wifdom and knowledge is s granted 'I^^M-'k*
, 1 t -11 • 1 -1 Pf. & 2. Mat. 6.
unto thee; and I will give thee riches, «->jo«>>(.ij.
and wealth, and honour, fuch as 'none (10^.29.25^.9
of the kings have had that have been
before thee, neither fhall there any after
thee have the like.
13 ^[ Then Solomon came from a his »Va"i<-***-
journey to the high place that was at
Gibeon to Jerufalem, from before the
tabernacle of the congregation, and
reigned * over Ifrael. x S2?,i#£-
14 ?And Solomon gathered chariots y^."-J6-9&'^
and horfemen : and he had a thoufand dL'-V.^m.
and four hundred chariots, and twelve ftovATji,"''
thoufand horfemen, which he placed in
the chariot cities, and with the king at
Jerufalem. 15 'And the king * made filver and r|'^|"i^
gold at Jerufalem as plenteous as ftones, J?k.«-^4- '
and cedar trees made he as the afycamore *K°b-em"-
. . . 1 /• 1 i a j Chr. 28. 28. If.^.
trees that are in the vale for abundance. Jo.AmoS7.,4.
16 b And li Solomon had horfes brought ."S^W
out of Egypt, and linen yarn: the king's "%;ts£f
merchants received the linen yarn at a -"*•**¦"**
price. 1 7 And they fetched up, and brought
forth out of Egypt, a chariot for fix hun
dred fhe&els of filver, and an horfe for an
hundred and fifty: and fo brought they
out horfes for all the kings of the Hittites,
and for the kings of Syria, * by their •«**.& *»¦&«*.
means.

>//>-, Reflections upon Chap. I. — The more God does for us,!
' the more we ought to do for him, in order to teftify our affection
and gratitude. A reign, or an undertaking, begun with the folemn.

fervice of God, and with earneft prayer for his direction and affift
ance, is likely to turn out happily. And great is the influence of
a good magiftrate's example. It is not outward appearances, but

Solomon employs Canaanites in facred work. II. CHRONICLES. - Hur -am furni/bes Syrian artijk.

Before Chrift
1014.

a Deut. 28 58. Sc 12.
;, 11. ver. 5, 9.
Mat. 6. 9.

io. jo. Sc 11. 10.

i Or Hiram. 1 Kin
5. 1. 2 Sam. 5. 11.

A1

CHAP. II.
Coincides with i Kings v. Here is (i) Solomon's de
termination to build a temple for God and a palace
for himfelf, and his appointment of workmen for it ;
I, 2, 17, 18. (2) His requeft to Hur am king of
Tyre to furnifh him with artifis and materials ;
3 — 10. (3) Huram's obliging anfwer aud ready
compliance ; ii — 1 6 .
ND Solomon determined to build an
houfe a for the name of the Lord,
and an houfe b for his kingdom.
lvTsl'.,tn.'s' 2 And Solomon ctold out threefcore
^ct«nftetl: and ten thoufand men to bear burdens,
and fourfcore thoufand to hew in the
mountain, and three thoufand and fix
hundred to overfee them.
2 % And Solomon fent to dHuram the
king of Tyre, faying, As thou didft deal
..tan.5-ii.ich.. with David my- father, and e didft fend
him cedars to build him an houfe to dwell
therein, evenfo deal with me.
fiK^j.s.&s.is. 4 Behold, fI build an houfe to the
gnQn.8.63-Exod. name of the Lord my God, to s dedicate
jo. -l. Lev. 24. 8. J ' , ... r
'xTLurxxbi' it to him, and to burn before him "' fweet
*ne\,. incenfe. ffeice,. incenfe, and for the continual fhew-bread,
and for the burnt-offerings morning and
evening, on the fabbaths, and on the new
moons, and on the folemn feafts, of the
Lord our God. This is an ordinance for
ever to Ifrael.
5 And the houfe which I build is
"Iffiizek^zt great h: for s great is our God above all
11Chr.16.25. Exod, rrnrlci
15. 11. & 18. II. a*-1"0'
,tiK»VS: 6 k But who + is able to build him an
»' «¦?!' >,* houfe, feeing the heaven and heaven of
klKln. 8. 27. ch.6. ' O .
is. if. 66. i. heavens cannot contain him? 'who am I
\iiatedfr7gth'. then, that I fhould build him an houfe,

Before Chrift
1014,

8 ° Send me alfo cedar trees, fir trees,
and Palgum trees, out of Lebanon: (for <>ii»i. **»».>

ii.

ch. 9. io, 11.

q Heh. great and
wonderful. Ver. 5,

I know that thy fervants can fkill to cut p 0r ^m!mi
timber in Lebanon:) and, behold, my
fervants fhall be with thy fervants,
9 Even to prepare me timber in abun
dance : for the houfe which I am about
to build fhall be i wonderful great.
10 And, behold, I r will, give to thy $*!<*¦»»
fervants, the hewers that cut timber, fI Kin. j.„lMte
twenty thoufand meafures of beaten ||7^-9-w*
wheat, and twenty thoufand meafures of ^SiSj
barley, and twenty thoufand baths of llizTi^'^
wine, and twenty thoufand baths of oil.
1 1 f Then Huram the king of Tyre
anfwered in writing, which he fent to
Solomon, s Becaufe the Lord hath loved "$&%$
' . - , i-i 1 • & 7- 7, 8. E2ek,
his people, he hath made thee king over i6.8.Mai.i.a.
them. Huram faid moreover, * *¦-«•«* A-Mft-**""

U2p4.7*co'rI2CS: fave only to burn facrifice before him?
7 Send me now therefore a man cun
ning m to work in gold, and in filver, and

.0. Eph. 3.8.

m If. 28. 29- Exod.
3l.'3— 5-'If-'6b.io. V"&
l^iilsJcsiiA. in brafs, and in iron, and in purple, and

16.

If Heb. te grave
graving*.

crimfon, and blue., and that can fkill to
grave + with the" cunning men that are
with me in Judah and in Jerufalem,
n ,oir.22.j.& 28. whom "David my father did provide.

12

Blefled be i
Neh.9.6.Pf.33.fS. If. 37. 16. Sc 42. 5.

oturn? fru*
dense nod mitr*

the Lord God of Ifrael, that made heaven * g * Aa
and earth, who hath given to David the ££¦«•»¦**
king a wife fon, "endued with prudence uha*»
and underftanding, that might build an *****
houfe for the Lord, and an houfe for his
kingdom. 1 2 And now I have fent a cunning man,
endued with underftanding, of Huram
my "father's, "CM',&
14 The fon of a woman of the daugh
ters of * Dan, and his father was a man ^'i-J-s-'^t-
. . If. 6b. 10.
of Tyre, lkilful to work in gold, and in
filver, in brafs, in iron, in ftone, and in
timber, in purple, in blue, and in fine
linen, and hi crimfon ; alfo to grave any
manner of graving, and to find out every
device which fhall be put to him, with
thy cunning men, and with the cunning
men of my lord David thy father.
1 5 Now therefore the wheat, and the
barley, the oil, and the wine, y which my r *»• •»•***
lord hath fpoken of, let him fend unto
his fervants :
1 6 And we will cut wood out of Le-

inward defires, that moft certainly characterize perfons. And, if
we have faith, we fhall count all things but lofs for the excellency
of the knowledge of Chrift, and for fkill to ferve him in our ftation.
And, as the eminency of our predeceffors or ftations render re
markable qualifications nCceflary, fo the infinite mercy of our God,
and his promife, encourage us to feek fuch things. God readily

gives his people exceedingly above what they afk or think: andthf.
moft difinterefted prayers turn out moft to our advantage : while
thofe, who eagerly purfue the things of this world, are apt to lofe
them, or to have them turned into a curfe. And he that increafefli
horfes, chariots, or trade, often fpreads fnares and temptationsfoc
fouls. - .

Solomon begins fo build the temple.
Be^e a».ft banon, * as much as thou fhalt need; and
we will bring it to thee in flotes by fea

CHAP. II. III.

Cherubim, vail, and pillars, made.

'•-Heb, according u
attib) netd.

church.

feVer.s.i Kin. 5.15,
16. But here 500

,Heb. *.,/». jom. t° Moppa; and thou flialt carry it up to
fLtf^l\l: Jerufalem.
3*' „. 17 IT aAnd Solomon numbered all the
»Ai ver. 2. I Kin. 9. / " .
Xch!8*.5i'c)i7 ftrangers that zm?/? in the land of Ifrael,
!^of.thchteniupit after the numbering wherewith David his
BCH^nf'1 father had numbered them : and they
fTwfeftament were found an hundred and fifty thoufand
and three thoufand and fix hundred.
1 8 And he fet b threefcore and ten
ST&ZSSS' thoufand of them to be bearers of bur
dens, and fourfcore thoufand to be hewers
in the mountain, and three thoufand and
fix hundred overfeers to fet the people a
work. CHAP. III.
Coincides with I Kings vi. and vii.; 15 — 22. Here
are [ I ) The time and place of the temple's ereclion ;
1, 2. (2) The dimenftons and ornaments of it;
3 — 9. (3) The additional pair of cherubims for the
mofi holy place; 10 — 13. (4) The vail before the
moft holy place; 14. (5) The two pillars in the
porch of the fanEluary ; 1 5 — 1 7 .
THEN a Solomon began to build the
houfe of the Lord at Jerufalem
bin mount Moriah, where the LORD
appeared unto David his father, in the
place that David had prepared in the
threfhing floor of c Oman d the Jebufite.
2 And he began to build e in the
fecond day of the fecond month, in the
fourth year of his reign.
2 % Now thefe are the things ( wherein
Solomon was * inftructed for the build
ing of the houfe of God. The length
by cubits after the firft meafure was
t threefcore cubits, and the breadth
+ twenty cubits.
4 And the g porch that was in the front
of the houfe, the length of it was ac
cording to the breadth of the houfe,
twenty cubits, and the height was U an
hundred and twenty : and he overlaid it
with pure gold.

ion.
3 t Kin. 6. J, Sic.

b Gen. 22.2. 2 Sam
--.'.. 16. I Chr. 21.
'I-

c 1 Chr. 21. 18.
d Or Araunah.
25am. 24. 18.
* 1 Kin. 6. 1. lull
2993 years alter
the creation.
f I Kin. 6. 2. 1 Chr.
28.11—19.
'Heh. founded.

1 109 feet 6 inches.
1 36 feet 6 inches.
1 1 Kin. 6. 3-22.

H 219 feet. It was a
very high ileeple.

Before Chrift
IOIO, &c. .

5 And the 'greater houfe he h ceiled
with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine » Le& i»ry place.
gold, and let thereon palm trees and >>«Kin.6.Js,2i,a
chains. 6 And he + garniflied the houfe with *
precious ftones for beauty : and the gold
was gold of Parvaim.
7 He ' overlaid alio the houfe, the
beams,, the pofts, and the walls thereof,
and the doors thereof, with gold; and
graved cherubims on the walls.
8 % And he k made the + moft holy
houfe, the length whereof was according
to the breadth of the houfe, " twenty cu- „ J0 fKt r« inches.
bits, and the breadth thereof twenty cu
bits : and he overlaid it with fine gold,
amounting to * fix hundred talents.
9 And the weight of + the nails
fifty fhekels of gold. And
the upper chambers with gold
10 'And in the moft holy houfe he u an. & »}-*».
made two cherubims * of image work, 'JS!:!?
and overlaid them with gold.
1 1 And the m wings of the cherubims m 'El\t*ttH:

1 Kin. 0. 20—12,
30. Ezek. 7. 20.
1 Chr. zq. 1. &.U.
5-

k 1 Kin. 6. ¦>, 19, »•"
{ Houfe of hoiinefs
of holineffes, or
oracle.

* About 25 ton, in
value 3 million 28$
--*„- thoufand pound
WaS fterling.
Vlf* OVPrlaiQ t Each nail, /.«. near
( " ' - ' lcUU one pound eleven
ounces.

wing

of

were twenty cubits long: one
the one cherub was five cubits, reach
ing to the wall of the houfe: and
the other wing was likewife five cu-
of the other

wing

Thefe two cheru-
b.ms of olive tree
were addGd to thc
golden ones form
ed by Mofes.
Exod. 2;. 18. Sc
37.7—9* They
reprefentedangeljand miniflers, *
wondering at, and
fervlng in, the
work of our re
demption.

bits, reaching to the
cherub. 1 2 And one wing pf the other cherub
was five cubits, reaching to the wall of
the houfe : and the other wing was five
cubits alfo, joining to the wing of thc
other cherub.
13 The wings of thefe cherubims
fpread themfelves forth twenty cubits :
and they ftood on their feet, and their "^igfilti:
faces tvere" inward. *7'5''1 Kin" '"*
1 14 % And he made the * vail of blue, ,\^£^"t
and purple, and crimfon, and fine linen, p ¦ Kin. 7. iS-«.
nil 1-1 1"' sz' z,~ *''
and II wrought cherubims thereon. i^.*?' ,J" ch"
1 c ^F Alfo he made before the houfe * Heh. t.nS, taken
•J <> _ . . ir * ¦'¦ 1 • together,andeac
p two pillars of'thirty and five cubits *

nO r toward the houfe.
Exod. 2J. 20.

high,

each
wa'-i near eighteen
cubits.

, Reflections upon Chap. II. — We fhould always prefer the
honour of God, and the welfare of his church, to our own accom
modations. It is very defirable to make our father's creditable
Bends our own : and, if we have the knowledge of the true God,
we Ihould labour to make others acquainted with it. Revelation
will recommend itfelf, on trial, to every wife man. But whatever
Vol. I.

we do for God is in itfelf unworthy of his regard. And we ought
to avoid giving others any ground to mifapprehend his greatneft
and glory; yea, fhould bring all that we can to admire and adore
him, and ufe their help in promoting his honour. And let us now
rejoice that the Gentiles are no more ftrangers and foreigners, but
fellow heirs of God and joint heirs with Chrift.
4.L

Solomon employs Canaanites in facred work. II. CHRONICLES. Huram fur ni/hes fyriw artifts.

Before Chrift
1014.

a Deut. 28 58. & 12.
c, II. ver. 5, 9.
Mat. 6. 9.

CHAP. II.
Coincides with I Kings v. Here is ( 1 ) Solomon's de
termination to build a temple for God and a palace
for himfelf, and his appointment of workmen for it ;
I, 2, 17, 18, (2) His requeft to Huram king of
Tyre to furnijh him with artifts and materials ;
3 — 10. (3) Huram' s obliging anfwer aud ready
compliance; 11 — 16.
AND Solomon determined to build an
houfe a for the name of the. Lord,
and an houfe b for his kingdom.
llTslmtt9'!' 2 And Solomon ctold out threefcore
H;&ntn!iZ7?i. and ten thoufand men to bear burdens,
and fourfcore thoufand to hew in the
mountain, and three thoufand and fix
hundred to overfee them.
2 % And Solomon fent to d Huram the
king of Tyre, faying, As thou didft deal
«»sam.s.i..ichr. witn jy^d my father, and e didft fend
him cedars to build him an houfe to dwell
therein, evenfo deal with me.
r.Kin.s.5.&8,i8. 4 Behold, fI build an houfe to the
e 1 en. s. 63. Exod. name ofthe Lord my God, to % dedicate
30. -l. Lev. 24. 8. J ' , . ... -
xTxi^rx'xu: it to him, and to burn before him "' fweet
*Reb.intcnfc.ffticc„ incenfe, and for the continual fhew-bread,
and for the burnt-offerings morning and
evening, on the fabbaths, and on the new
moons, and on the folemn feafts, of the
Lord our God. This is an ordinance for
ever to Ifrael.
And the houfe which I build
h

8 ° Send me alfo cedar trees, fir trees,
and Palgum trees, out of Lebanon

j Or Hiram. I Kin
5. 1. 2 Sam. 5. 11.

q Heb. er eat and
wonderful, Ver, e,
ch, 7. 21. iKin.
9.8. 1 Chr. 22. f,
& 29. I.

14. Mat. 7. 12.
Rom. 13, 8. Vtor.
3. 27, 28. Lev. 15,
13. Deut. 24. it.
Jer. 21. 13.

li 1 Kin. 9. 8. iChf.
29. 1. Ezek. 7. 20.
i I Chr. 16.25. Exod.
15. 11. & 18. 11.
2.Chr. 20. 6. Neh.
t).6.Pf.86.8— io.
&89.7.
k I Kin. 8. 27. ch.6.
18. If. 66. 1.

IS
for ' great is our God above all

5
great
gods. 6 k But who + is able to build him an
houfe, feeing the heaven and heaven of
heavens cannot contain him ? l who am I
* J.iicttn,dMntth'. then, that I fhould build him an houfe,
^zpi^cof^l: fave only to burn facrifice before him?
jo.3EphG3?8.32' j Send me now therefore a man cun-
mlf'l8'3f^'?o. ningm to work in gold, and in filver, and
in brafs, and in iron, and in purple, and
crimfon, and blue., and that can fkill to
grave + with the' cunning men that are
with me in Judah and in Jerufalem,
s ichr.22.j.& 28. whom "David my father did provide.

iKin. 7. 13,14.
ver. 13, 14. ch. 4.
16.
tf Heb. to grave
gravings.

Before Chrift
1014.
^lOr 0 I Kill. %. tf. irer.j,
I know that thy fervants can fkill to cut _p0r ,*««»,,
timber in Lebanon:) and, behold, my WVvfnl*"
fervants Jhall be with thy fervants,
9 Even to prepare me timber in abun
dance : for the houfe which I am about
to build fhall be 1 wonderful great
10 And, behold, I r will, give to thy
fervants, the hewers that cut timber, „ Kin. s.„.mke
twenty thoufand meafures of beaten «*'-^*w*
wheat, and twenty thoufand meafures of
barley, and twenty thoufand baths of
wine, and twenty thoufand baths of oil.
1 1 «J Then Huram the king of Tyre
anfwered in writing, which he fent to
Solomon, s Becaufe the Lord hath loved s\^l1^:
' . , , i - -i 1 • Sc 7. 7, 8. Ezek,
his people, he hath made thee king over •«. «.«*-.,.». -
them. .
1 2 Huram faid moreover, £ Bleffed be ' j^&TvS^
the Lord God of Ifrael, that made heaven g'g * &JU-
and earth, who hath given to David the 2%+lu*
king a wife fon, "endued with prudence »h**>j^-
and underftanding, that might build an-/-**
houfe for the Lord, and an houfe for his
kingdom. 13 And now I have fent a cunning man,
endued with underftanding, of Huram
my "father's, ,,CM''6-
1 4 The fon of a woman of the daugh-
> -r-v 1 1 ¦ r i xiKln.7.i4.Exot
ters of xDan, and his father was a man ,1.3-5. va. 7-
of Tyre, fkilful to work in gold, and in
filver, in brafs, in iron, in ftone, and in
timber, in purple, in blue, and in fine
linen, and in crimfon ; alfo to grave any
manner of graving, and to find out every
device which fhall be put to him, with
thy cunning men, and with the cunning
men of my lord David thy father.
1 5 Now therefore the wheat, and the
barley, the oil, and the wine, r which my *%'m im*
lord hath fpoken of, let him fend unto
his fervants :
16 And we will cut wood out of Le-

inward defires, that moft certainly characterize perfons. And, if
we have faith, we fhall count all things but lofs for the excellency
of the knowledge of Chrift, and for fkill to ferve him in our ftation.
And, as the eminency of our predeceflbrs or ftations render re
markable qualifications neceflary, fo the infinite mercy of our God,
and his promife, encourage us to feek fuch things. God readily

gives his people exceedingly above what they afk or think: and thp.
moft difinterefted prayers turn out moft to our advantage : while
thofe, who eagerly purfue the things of this world, are apt to lofe
them, or to have them turned into a curfe. And he that increafefli
horfes, chariots, or trade, often fpreads fnares and temptations fox
fouls.

Solomon begins to build the temple.

CHAP. II. III.

Cherubim, vail, and pillars, made.

Before Chrift
1 014.
* Heb, according to
a.lih} need.
Z Heb.-fatha. Jofh.
19.46. Ezra 3. 7.
Jon. I. 3. Afls 10.
3*-
a As ver. 2. I Kin. 9.
zo— z-t. See. ti—
16. ch. 8. 7. 1 Chr.
ai. 2. The build
ing of the temple,
by accurfed Gen
tiles, was typical
of their chiefly
conftittlting the
New Teftament
church.

bVer.2.lKin.s.i5, 16. Bui here 300
tuperior overlcers'
are alio mention
ed.

ton.
1 1 Kin. 6. 1, Sec.

b Gen. 22.2. 2 Sam.
24. 16. 1 Chr. 21.
IS-

c 1 Chi. 21. 18.
d Or jiraunah.
2 Sam. 24. 18.
e I Kin. 6. I. Juft
2993 years after
the- creation.
f I Kin. 6. 2. I Chr.
28.'ll— 19.
* Hea. founded.

t loofect6inchc>.
} 36 feet 6 inches,
g.iKin. 6. 3— 21.

.H 119 feet. It was a
very high fteeple.

banon, *as much as thou fhalt need; and
we will bring it to thee in flotes by fea
to l Joppa ; and thou flialt carry it up to
Jerufalem. if % aAnd Solomon numbered all the
ftrangers that were in the land of Ifrael,
after the numbering wherewith David his
father had numbered them : and they
were found an hundred and fifty thoufand
and three thoufand and fix hundred.
18 And he fet b threefcore and ten
thoufand of them to be bearers of bur
dens, and fourfcore thoufand to be hewers
in the mountain, and three thoufand and
fix hundred overfeers to fet the people a
work. CHAP. III.
Coincides with I Kings vi. and vii.; 15 — 22. Here
are ( 1 ) The time and place of the temple' s ereclion ;
1, 2. (2) The dimenfions and ornaments of it;
3 — 9. (3) The additional pair of cherubims for the
moft holy place ; 10 — 13. (4) The vail before the
moft holy place; 14. (5) The two pillars in the
porch of the fancluary ; 1 5 — 1 7 .
THEN a Solomon began to build the
houfe of the Lord at Jerufalem
bin mount Moriah, where the LORD
appeared unto David his father, in the
place that David had prepared in the
threfhing floor of c Oman d the Jebufite.
2 And he began to build e in the
fecond day of the fecond month, in the
fourth year of his reign.
2 % Now thefe are the things ( wherein
Solomon was *inftru<ffed for the build
ing of the houfe of God. The length
by cubits after the firft meafure was
+ threefcore cubits, and the breadth
+ twenty cubits.
4 And the g porch that was in the front
of the houfe, the length of it was ac
cording to the breadth of the houfe,
twenty cubits, and the height was '' an
hundred and twenty : and he overlaid it
with pure gold.

Before Chrift
1010, &c. .

* Lefs holy place.
h 1 Kin. 6.13,21, 2 J.

5 And the '^greater houfe he h ceiled
with fir tree, which he overlaid with fine
gold, and let thereon palm trees and
chains. 6 And he T garnifhed the houfe with tHe
precious ftones for beauty : and the gold
was gold of Parvaim.
7 He ' overlaid alfo the houfe, the
beams,, the pofts, and the walls thereof,
and the doors thereof, with gold; and
graved cherubims on the walls.
8 % And he k made the * moft holy \'™-<-s<w
. r s s 1 l r J'£ Houfe of hoiinefs
houfe, the length whereof was according °rr^1fneff<!S' or
to the breadth of the houfe, H twenty cu- „ 36 ren r>x inches
bits, and the breadth thereof twenty cu
bits : and he overlaid it with fine gold,
amounting to * fix hundred talents.
9 And the weight of T the nails was
fifty fhekels of gold. And
the upper chambers with gold.
10 l And in the moft holy houfe he '""n. 6.23-28.
made two cherubims + of
and overlaid them with gold.
1 1 And the m wings of the cherubims m 'S"t6-S3r£'

I Kin. 6. 20-22,
30. Ezek. 7. 20.
1 Chr. 29. 1. veil*
5-

About 25 ton, in
value 3 million 2%$
thoufand pound
lrcrling.

he overlaid * Each naiI'i- '; ;near

image

\xrnrV * 0r*as fome think>
W \J 1 iV y of moveable work*

Thefe two cheru
bims of olive tree
were addGd to the
golden ones form
ed by Mofes.
Exod. 2$. 18. Sc
37- 7-9* Thejr
reprefentcdangelS
and minifters, *
wondering at, an4
ferving in, the
work of our re
demption.

were twenty cubits long: one wing of
the one cherub was five cubits, reach
ing to the wall of the houfe: and
the other wing was likewife five cu
bits, reaching to the wing of the other
cherub. 1 2 And one wing of the other cherub
was five cubits, reaching to the wall of
the houfe : and the other wing was five
cubits alfo, joining to the wing of thc
other cherub.
13 The wings of thefe cherubims
fpread themfelves forth twenty cubits :
and they ftood on their feet, and their
faces weren inward.
1 14. ^[ And he made the0" vail of blue, » %$£*"*
and purple, and crimfon, and fine linen, p« Kin. 7.15-22,
and H wrought cherubims thereon. J.1^'.*?" ,J' ci
1 c % Alfo he made before the houfe * Heb. t,ne, taken
~ together andeac
p two pillars of'thirty and five cubits * high,

nOr toward the houfe,
Exod. 25. 20.
0 Exod. 26. 31— se.
&16. 35, 56. Mat.
2751. 1 Kin. 6,ti.

together,and each
wai near eighteen
cubits.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — We fhould always prefer the
fionour of God, and the welfare of his church, to our own accom
modations. It is very defirable to make our father's creditable
friends our own : and, if we have the knowledge of the true God,
we fhould labour to make others acquainted with it. Revelation
will recommend itfelf, on trial, to every wife man. But whatever
Vol. I.

we do for God is in itfelf unworthy of his regard. And we ought
to avoid giving others any ground to mifapprehend his greatnefs
and glory; yea, fhould bring all that we can to admire and adore
him, and ufe their help in promoting his honour. And let us now
rejoice that the Gentiles are no more ftrangers and foreigners, but
fellow heirs of God and joint heirs with Chrift.
4 L ,s "

Brazen altar, fea, lavers,

II.' CHRONICLES. Candlefticks-, fables, and courts, made\

Before Chrift
1010, &c.

and the chapiter that was on the top of
~ " each of them was five cubits.
1 6 And he made chains as in the ora
cle, and put them on the heads of the
q 'ȣ i-ffgj"- pillars ; and made an q hundred pomegra-
I7- nates, and put them on the chains.
1 7 And he r reared up the pillars be
fore the temple, one on the right hand
and the other on the left ; and called the
name of that on the right hand f Jachin,
and the name of that on the left + Boaz.

ff-lKin. 7. 21.

)¦ That is, He fhall
eftablifh.
X That is, In it is
c ftrength. They re
prefented Chrift,
- his word, ordi- '
nance", andmini-
iiers, as thc etta-
btifhers and
' ftrength cf his
chm ch.

C H
coincides with

A P
1 Kings vii

IV.

j-oo6.

Much coincides with 1 Kings vii. Here we have
(1) The brazen furniture for the temple; viz. the
altar for burnt-offering; 1 ¦: .The fea, and lavers
to hold water for wafhing; 2 — 6, 10, 14, 1 5 : the
plates with which the doors of the court were over
laid; 9 : the utenfils for the brazen altar ; 11,16:
the two pillars of brafs, with their ornaments; 12,
13: and the place where they were caft; 17.
(2) The golden furniture ; viz. the ten new candle
fticks; ten new tables of jhew-bread; 7,8: the al
tar of incenfe; 19: the appurtenances; 20 — 22:
and the covering of the doors of the fanSluary and
oracle ; 22.
OREO VER, he made an a altar of
brafs ; twenty cubits the length

3. Exod. 27. 1 — 8. Sc
38. 1—7. I Kin. 8.
12. 64. & 9. 25. It
reprefented Chrift . - . . - - —^ .
i-Sffirin^ftatl11111 thereof, and twenty cubits the breadth

h 1 Kin. 7. 23 — 46.
Exod. 30. 17 — 21.
& 38. 8. Zeeh.13.
1 . Rev.' 1.- 5. & 7.
14. Tit. 3- 5-7-
j John 1. 7,

e 1 Kin. 7. 23—25.
Rev. 21. 14. Eph.
z. 20. Afts 9. 15.
Mark 16. 15,

a Ver. 3. Mark 16.
JS.I1.49.6..&45.
22— 25. Pf. 22. 27.
& 98. 2, 3. This
lea and the lavers
typified Jefos1
blood and Spirit,
twricd about in
the gofpel, to the
various parts of

the eartl

par
;h.

thereof, and ten cubits the height thereof.
2 5T b -^-11"° he made a molten fea of
ten cubits from brim to brim round in
compafs, and five cubits the height
thereof, and a line of thirty cubits did
compafs it round about.
2 c And under it was the fimilitude of
oxen, which did compafs it round about :
ten in a cubit compafiing the fea round
about. Two rows of oxen were caft
when it was caft.
4 It ftood d upon twelve oxen, three
looking toward the north, and three
looking toward the weft, and three look
ing toward the fouth, and three looking
toward the eaft: and the fea was fet
above upon them, and all their hinder
parts were inward.

5 And the thicknefs of it was an hand-
breadth, and the brim of it like the work
of the brim of a cup, * with flowers of
lilies ; and it received and held three
thoufand baths.
6 % He made alfo e ten lavers, and
put five on the right hand, and five on
the left, to wafh in them : + fuch things
as they offered for the burnt-offering they
wafhed in them ; but the f fea was for
the priefts to wafh in.
7 And he made s ten candlefticks of
gold according to their form, and fet
them in the temple, five on the right
hand, and five on the left.
8 He made alfo h ten tables, and placed
them in the temple, five on the right fide,
and five on the left. And he made an
hundred + bafons of gold.
9 % Furthermore, he made l the court
of the priefts, and the great k court, and
doors for the court, and overlaid the
doors of them with brafs.
1 o And he ' fet the fea on the right
fide of the eaft end, over againft the
fouth. 1 1 5F And Huram made m the pots,
and the fhovels, and the H bafons. And
Huram * finifhed the work that he was
to make for king Solomon for the houfe
of God ;
12 T'o wit, n the two pillars, and the
pommels, and the chapiters ivhich were
on the top of the two pillars, and the
two wreaths to cover the two pom
mels of the chapiters which were on the
top of the pillars ;
13 "And four hundred pomegranates
on the two wreaths ; two rows of pome
granates on each wreath, to cover the
two pommels of the chapiters which were
+ upon the pillars.
14 He p made alfo bafes ; and + lavers
made he upon the bafes:

Before Chrift
IO06.
* Or like a litf/taitr.

eE)tod.-3o,,7.&,8> 8. I Kin. 7. 38
lP«-i.J,l8.If..
4. 4. Ezek. 40. 18.
iJohni.7r4
"t Heb. the wir'l of
burnt-efcring,
fVer.i.iKia.v.jj, Re»-I,5,6.Heli.
9-I4- 1 John 1. 7.
g Exod. 25. 3I-J,.
fyh7- '7-M-
I Chr. 28. II— if,
iKin. 7. w, „.
Rev. 1. 10, If. 42.
6>7-&tt.J-&DI. I, z. I Cei. 1. 10,
John 8, 12.
h Exod. 25. 23-30.
Be 37. io— 16.
1 Kin. 7.48. If,
25.6.

$ Or howls,
i I Kin. 6. 36. Sen.
12.
k For the people.
ch. 7. 7. 8c 20. f,
Pf.ioc.4.

1 1 Kin. 7. 39.

m 1 Kin. 7. 40, 45,
II Or howls.
*Ke\s.fnilhtdtt ,
make.

n 1 Kin. 7. 41, co,;,
15-17.

1 1 Kin. 7.42. Pf. 1.
3. & 92. 13. Song
4.13. iCor.412,
13. 2Cor. 4. II—-

fKeb.ttfm tht facii
p I Kin. 7. 43-45-
ver. 2—^, u.
X Or caldrons.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — Every circumftance in the
worfhip of God muft be prdered according to his appointment:
and, if God meet with us in a place or ordinance, let us hope that
he will do it again, if it be for his glory and our good. Mean
while, let me confider Jefus, who came in the promifed time and
ipot, as the great temple of our fellowfhip with God. The dig
nity, glory, fulnefs, and ufefulnefs, of his perfon, particularly in
2

his exalted flate, infinitely tranfeends this aftonifhing ftrufture of
Solomon : "and angels, minifters, and faints, fhall always admire
h'is glory. With refpect to the temple of his church, of his faints,
and of heaven, he is the foundation, the wall, the door, the pilr
lar?, the ark, the table, the altars,, the light, the fea, die laver,
yea^ the axl in all 1

fhe whole furniture of the temple fn'fhed. CHAP. IV. V

'temple furnifhed with its utenfils.

Beforearift x ^ ^q^ ^ and twelve oxen under it.
^ver.2-5. 1 6 The r pots alfo, and the fhovels,
rExod.27.3.h,chr. and the flefh hooks, ,and all their inftru-
ioiisam. 2.13,14- ments, did Huram his father make to
king Solomon for the houfe of the Lord
"S.r.*K*' of "bright brafs.
1 7 In the plain of Jordan did the king
^gS^oei caft them, in the s clay ground between
3!'7' Succoth and Zeredathah.
UEZ#£T * 8 'Thus Solomon made all thefe
veffels in great abundance : for the
weight of the brafs could not be found
out.
«, Kin. 7. 48-5°. I0 ^ u And Solomon made all the vef
fels that were for the houfe of God,
'w^o. xthe golden altar alfo, and * the tables
r ver. s. Le^ 24. whereon the fhew-bread was fet ;
zver.-7.Exod.2c. 20 Moreover, z the candlefticks with
3.-37. * 27. 20, t^r iampSj that j-hey fhould burn after
the manner before the oracle, of pure
gold; 21 And the flowers, and the lamps,
and the tongs, made he of 'gold, and that
* Heb. perfeHUm of * r r, \ fj ./ o '
g,u. ' perfect gold ;
iotiovsis. 22 And the fnuffers, and the t bafons,
and the fpoons, and the cenfors, of pure
gold : and the entry of the houfe, the
inner doors thereof for the moft holy
place, and the doors of the houfe of the
'iL'Slf Xt temple were of 3 gold.
CHAP. V.
Coincides with i Kings vii. ; 51: and v iii. ; I — 11.
The temple being finifhed and furnifhed, ( 1 ) Pof
feffion of it is given to God, by carrying in the dedi
cated things ; and efpecially the ark, the chief fym-
bol of his prefence; I — IO. (2) He takes poffef
fion of it, entering into it in the fiymbol of a glo
rious cloud, which fettled over the ark, between the
cherubims, in the ORACLE or most holy place;
ii— 14.
HUS all the work that Solomon
made for the houfe of the Lord
was finifhed: aand Solomon brought in
all the things that David his father had

io«4.
TPirec thou;and
years.after the
creation.
aiKin. 7. 51.

T

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — What a mercy is it that
Jefus, his church, and heavenly ftate, are fuited to his people's
condition! As the great atonement, and as the fountain which
cleanfes from all fin, he is openly exhibited before us, and acceffible
to»us, in the ordinances ofthe gofpel. By him, as fuch, we have
accefs to dwell in God's houfe, enjoy his light, feed on his fulnefs,

* Theic were ten times as many layers, candlefticks, and tobies of (hew-bread, in the temple as in the tabe

dedicated ; and the b filver, and the gold,
and all the inftruments, put he among
the treafures of the houfe of God.

Before Chrift
1004.

Chr.

f I Kin. 8. 3. Jofh. J.
6 Sc 6. 6. Num. a.
IJ.Exod. 25.14. &
37-5- iChr.15.2,
12—14,

b. What remained of
that mentioned,
I Chr. 22. 14. Sc
29. 4, 7. Sc z6. z(t
2 ^F c Then Solomon affembled the -lS-
elders of Ifrael, and all the heads of the " a.^!"!*^
tribes, the chief of the fathers of the I00Ji n
children of Ifrael, unto Jerufalem, to
bring up the ark of the covenant of the
Lord d out of the city of David, which is A\l.?:kl.l'4
"Zion. 2 Wherefore all the men of Ifrael af
fembled themfelves unto the king e in e nI^HT-is,
the feaft which was in the feventh s-io.8'2'"11'7'
month. 4 And all the elders of Ifrael came ;
and the f Levites took up the ark
5 And they brought up the ark, and
the tabernacle of the congregation, and
all the holy veffels that were in the taber
nacle, thefe did the priefts and the Le
vites bring up.
6 Alfo s king Solomon, and all the «»??'•?•"¦
D , ' I Kin. 8. 5. 2 Sairt*
congregation of Ifrael that were affembled °,; l.' **"
unto him before the ark, facrificed fheep
and oxen, which could not be told nor
numbered for multitude.
7 And the h priefts brought in the ark blK&li'[°^l-
of the covenant of the Lord unto his 'S-Z'IZ>'*-
place, to i the oracle ofthe houfe, into iJKin.fi.*7.ch.j.
1 1, 1 l0 — T3- ExoJ- 2^i
the moft holy place, even under the wings iL^Ld^t
of the cherubims : £*«**«.«.
8 For the cherubims fpread forth their
wings over the place of the ark, and
the cherubims covered the ark and the
k ftaves thereof above.
9 And they drew out the ftaves qf the
ark, that the ends of the ftaves were feen
from the ark before the oracle; but they
were not feen without
is unto this day.
10 T'here was nothing in the ark fave
m the two tables -which Mofes put therein ms^ffJ.^:
at Horeb, * when the Lord made a co-

k Exod. 25. 12, xi.
Num. 4. 6.

And 'there ir ' 0i :h" a" *"•'

2, 5. Heb. 9. 4.
* On

and live by his interceffion, through which our fervices are ac
cepted. Yea, under the gofpel we have more than a* tenfold ex
hibition of Chrift, in his cleanfing virtue, his illuminating and foul-
nourifhing influence. He can make all tempers, ^ife, and graces,
ufeful in his church, brafs as well as gold. And o-'reat is their
honour who lay out their eminent gifts in the fervice'of Chrift.

4L

the temple filled with God's prefence. II. C H R O N I C L E Si

Solomon bleffes the people.

Beforeoiriii V<MMW/ witk me children of ifrael, when
"~ they came out of Egypt.
1 1 % And it came to pafs, when the
priefts were come out of the holy place :
¦me*./..*.. (fox all the priefts that were "I" prefent
- » cm. «.*. Exod. were n fanclified, and did not then wait
3 .chr. xxiv. ° by courfe :
p^'' &;$*£? I2 p Alfo the Levites who were the
^.Re'v-'iVt^ fingers, all of them of Afaph, of Heman,
of Jeduthun, with their fons and their
brethren, being arrayed in white linen,
having cymbals, and pfalteries, and harps,
ftood at the eaft end of the altar, and
with them an hundred and twenty priefts
founding with q trumpets :)
13 It came even to pafs, as .the trum
peters and fingers were as one, to make
' a"; "'42I461.' s' r one found to be heard in praifing and
^orn.15. .1 ¦"¦ thanking the Lord; and when they
9*£fffd&%. lifted up their voice with s the trumpets
\,Azf&c%.xf*f. and cymbals, and inftruments of mufic,
r».ii6.',_^'<:h- and praifed the Lord, faying, £ For he is
good, for his mercy endureth for ever:
that then the houfe was filled with a
cloud, even the houfe of the Lord ;
"S££#.& 14 " So that the priefts could not ftand
joihVz^iTim! to minifter by reafon of the cloud : for
the glory ofthe LoRD-had filled the houfe
of God.

q Num. 10. 1 — 10.
Lev. 25. 9, 10.

i 16.

/
H

A P. VI.

Coincides with l Kings viii.; 12 — 53. The glory of
the Lord having entered the temple, ( I ) Solomon
bleffes and encourages the people ; and folemnly bleffes
God for the exacl fulfilment of his promife to David ;
1 — II. (2) Solemnly fupplicates that God would
hear, and gracioufly anfwer, all the prayers which
fhould be regularly made in or towards this temple,
whether in cafe of oath?, defeats, famines,
PESTILENCES, or CAPTIVITY; 12 — 42.
a 1 Kin. S. 12—50. _____
k 2 e"22,6i»r: EM2d' T^HEN a faid Solomon, The Lord
l/'s";...'97'1' J_ hath faid that he would dwell in
'j.ij.'fei^' the b thick darknefs.
2 But I have built an houfe c of habita-

»3, 14. Rev. 21 13.
Mat. 16. 18. Rev.
21. 3. 2Cor.6. 16.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — If we would inherit our
godly parents' bleffings, we muft religiouily purfue their intentions.
Dedicated things muft never be alienated from the Lord's fervice!
The moft regularly framed and furnifhed churches are but defo
late if they want the prefence of Jefus Chrift, the ark of God's
ftrength, and the glory of his Father in him. But his faithful
people, according to his promife fhall have him with them always
unto the end of the world. And, if God favour us with his
6

tion for thee, and a place for thy dwell

ing for ever.

Before Chrift
IO03. '

2 And the king turned his face, and
d bleffed the whole congregation of Ifrael ; d6^1*4,~a,m

the

congregation

of e Ifrael

'14- 3-
Luke 24.50, Num.
6. 23.
e Judg. 3. 20. Pf.
89.7.

(and all
ftood;) 4 And he faid, f Bleffed be the Lord? j^s.^*.
God of Ifrael, who hath with his hands ,8"»- '?
s fulfilled that which he fpake with his 'jSL'&.ft*
mouth to my father David, faving,
5 h Since the day that I brought forth h faS:?;6^-
my people out of the land of Egypt, I
chofe no city among all the tribes of If
rael to build an houfe in, that my name
might be there ; neither chofe I any man
to be a ruler over my people Ifrael :
6 But I have ' chofen Jerufalem, that iC,6.& U*,7?-"*
my name might be there; and have pus": £7*
chofen David to be over my people __L'^'£fc
Ifrael. 7 Now k it was in the heart of David'icpijJS^
my father to build an houfe for the name &z*-*Va's'
of the Lord God of Ifrael.
8 But the Lord faid to David my fa
ther, Forafmuch as it was in thine heart
to build an houfe for my name, thou
didft i well in that it was in
heart :
9 Notwithftanding, m thou fhalt not%^^*_J.
build the houfe; but thy fon, which fdifmiczt.
fhall come forth out of thy loins, he fhall
build the houfe for my name.
10 The Lord therefore hath per
formed his word that he hath fpoken :
for n I am rifen up in the room of David
my father, and am fet on the throne of
Ifrael, as °the Lord promifed, and p have
built the houfe for the name of the
Lord God of Ifrael.
11 'i And in it have I put the ark, ^'.^7"*'
wherein is the covenant of the Lord
that he made with the children of Ifrael.
_r . , , ,-, -ii/- i . r iKin. 8. 22— 52.
1 2 ^j And r he flood before the altar of S^t."

I 2 Cor. 8. 12. I Kin,
mine n. a. & s. 18.

n I Kin. i. ii. 1 Chr.
xxii. xxix. ch. 1.1.

o 2Sam. 7. 12, 15*
I Chr. IS. 5. VU

p 1 Kin. vi. vii, ch.
iii. iv.

Chrift, and himfelf in him, we ought exceedingly to rejoice in and
thank him; as then we fhall tafte joys unfpeakable and full of
glory. When every thing elfe is put out of God's room, and we
become hearty and unanimous in our prayers and praifes, we may
expedt aftonifhing difcoveries of his glory in our fecond, our great
temple, Christ, in whom dwelleth all the fulnefs of the GodheasL
bodily !

Solomon dedicates the temple

CHAP. VI.

with folemn thankfgiving and prayer ••

Befnrc.Chrifl IOOJ.

j2Kih.n.i4-Neh. 8.4-
1 1 Kin. 7. 9, 12. ch,
4.9.
uPf-9S-6. Sccf). t.
Dan. 6. 10. Mark
1. 40. Luke 22. 41.
x'Ezrao. 5. iTim.
2. 8. Exod. 9. 29.
ver. 12, 29.

yExod.l5.Jl-&i8. 11. PI. K-p-Sc
86.8— 10. & 89.6
—8. 1 Chr. 29.
10—13.
zDan. 9. 4. Neh. 1.
s.&9.32. Pl.89.
28. Exod. 20. 6. Sc
34. 6, 7. Deut. 7.
9,12.
a Gen. 5. 24. Exod.
20. 6. Pf. 1 16. 9,
II, 32. Luke 1. 6,
aCor. 1. 12.
j Thef. 2.10,

b 1 Kin. 8. 25. Ezek.
36. 37. II.45. 11.
Mat. 7. 7— it.
I John 5.14.
C 2 Sam. 7. 12. 1 Kin.
2. 4. Sc 6. 12. Pf.
132. J2.

dPf. 26. 3. &119. 1,
5, 6. Luke r. 6.
2, Cor. 1.12. 2 Pet,
I. 4—10.
e See 1 Kin. 8. 26.

f 1 Kin. 8. 27. Pf.
113. 5, 6. Afls 7.
40. l'lim. 3. 16.
% Ch. 2. 6. If. 66. 1.
Acls 17. 24. Jer.
23.24.

It 1 Kin. 8.28—30.
PI. 4- 1- & 130. 2,
Ban. 9. 17—19.

i Pf. 20.1—3, , Kin.
8. 28.
tPf.33.l8.&34.i5. Pan. 9. 18.

1 Or in this plate,
Ver. 21, Dan. J. 10,

the Lord, in the prefence of all the con
gregation of Ifrael, and fpread forth his
hands ;
1 3 (For Solomon had made a brazen
5 fcaffold, of five cubits long, and five
cubits broad, and three cubits high, and
had fet it in the midft of the ' court ; and
upon it he ftood, and u kneeled down
upon his knees before all the congrega
tion of Ifrael, and x fpread forth his/
hands towards heaven ;)
14 And faid, O Lord God of Ifrael,
y there is no God like thee in the heaven,
nor in the earth, z who keepeft covenant,
and Jhewefl mercy unto thy fervants, that
a walk before thee with all their hearts ;
15 Thou who haft kept with thy fer
vant David my father that which thou
haft promifed him ; and fpakeft with thy
mouth, and haft fulfilled it with thine
hand, as it is this day.
16 Now therefore, O Lord God of
Ifrael, b keep with thy fervant David my
father that which thou haft promifed
him, faying, c There fhall not fail thee
a man in my fight to fit upon the throne
of Ifrael ; yet fo that thy children take
heed to their way d to walk in my law,
as thou haft walked before me.
1 7 e Now then, O Lord God of Ifrael,
let thy word be verified which thou haft
fpoken unto thy fervant David.
1 8 But f will God in very deed dwell
with men on the earth ? behold, s hea
ven and the heaven of heavens cannot
contain thee ; how much lefs this houfe
which I have built !
1 9 Have h refpecf therefore to the
prayer of thy fervant, and to his fuppli
cation, O Lord my God, to hearken
unto the cry and the prayer which thy
fervant ' prayeth before thee:
20 That thine k eyes may be open
upon this houfe day and night, upon the
place whereof thou haft faid that s thou
wouldeft put thy name there ; to hearken
unto the prayer which thy fervant pray
eth * toward this place. \
2 1 Hearken therefore unto the fuppli-
cations of thy fervant, and of thy people

Ifrael, which they fhall m make toward Be^3c.hrift
this place : hear thou from thy dwelling mHeb.,™,. *chr,
place, even from heaven ; and, when thou
heareft, n forgive.
,22 ^T If" a man fin againft his neigh
bour, ° and an oath be laid upon him to °**u\\t.ftT»Tn

nPf. 85.2, 3. If. 43.
25. SC AA. 22.
2 Cor. 5. 19. Mic.
7. 18, IJ.

come

I Kin. 8. 31, 32.

p Mat. 23. 1%. .

cs 1 Kin. 8. 32. If. j.
II. Rom. 2. *. 9.
I Prov. u. 32. 8c \ j.
21. & 5.22.

28. 13. Jer. 3. 12,
13-
* Or towards.

17- 1. Sc 18. 45.
Jer. 14. 1—6. Mal.
3. 10, Joel 1. ic,
19,20. Lev. 26.19.

make him fwear, and the oath
p before thine altar in this houfe ;
23 Then hear thou from heaven, ^ind
do, and judge thy fervants, by q requit
ing the wicked, by recompenfing his
way upon his own head; and by rjufti- '^."^Ronfi
fying the righteous, by giving him accord
ing to his righteoufnefs.
24 % And if thy people Ifrael 5 be put %^irf£"l";u..
to the worfe before the enemy, becaufe
they ' have finned againft thee; and fhall l %T^l ,5_iS-
" return and confefs thy name, and pray uLcv.z&^i.pr.
J , r 1- • 1 r 1 ' - ¦ >3°. 1-4- Prov.
and make fupplication before thee "f_ in
this houfe;
25 Then hear thou from the heavens,.
and forgive the fin of thy people Ifrael,
and x bring them again unto the land Vent?!.*^?*
which thou gaveft to them and to their 10-
fathers.. 26 f When the? heaven is fhut up, yIDK^|83^-6.&
and there. is no rain, becaufe they have
finned againft thee ; yet if they pray to
ward this place, and confefs thy name,
and turn from their fin z when thou doft 2 sU^:^:
affli<£t them;
27 Then hear thou from heaven, and
forgive the fin of thy fervants, and pf thy,-
people Ifrael, when thou a haft ^taught *\f&fti<:
them the good way wherein, they fhould
walk ; and b fend rain upon thy land,
which thou haft given unto thy people
for an inheritance.
28 «j[ If there c be dearth in the land,
if there be peftilence, if there be blafting,
or mildew, locufts, or caterpillars ; if
their d enemies befieere them in the cities d °c,,t- f- v-rsi-
o_ Lev. 20. 25. en. iz*
of their land; whatfoever fore or what- &f,.x*,. 31,1'
foever ficknefs there be:
29 Then what prayer, or what fuppli
cation foever fhall be made of c any man, c iKm'."'3s°'Fr.
or of all thy people Ifrael, when every
one fhall know his own fore and his
own grief, and fliall f fpread forth his fPra*fee"«-»-
, , ° » 1 . , r x gOr toward th's
hands g in this nouie : **> ch-ao...

'.zj.zPct. z.ai.
b Jam. 5. 18. Joel z.
zj. Zech. 10. 1.
Jer. 14. 12. Job 37-
xi,,ij. 1K1B..17.
14. & 18. 41, 45.

e-Ruth 1. i. _Kin.
8. 1. Jer. 14. 1.
Lev xxvi. Deud
xxviii. 1 Kin. 8.
37—40-

Solomon's folemn prayer

II. CHRONICLES.

at the dedication ofthe temple

Before Chrift
IO03.

felChr.28.9.Ff.u 4. Jer. 17. 10. Heb
'4. 13. Rev. 2. 23
j Sam, 16. 7.

5-*9i3
f Heb. all the days
' which.
% Heb. upon the fate
tf the land.
k I
Exod, 15.29. Lev. 1^.34- ,
Ruth 2. TO, II. bUt IS
Mat. 2. I.John 12.
20. Adfs 8. 27.
Eph. 2. 13. £,

U-

23. Pf. 22. 27—

mK. 67^ 2. If. 11.9,
10. Pf. 1:8. 4, 5-
If. Xlix. 11V. IX.
Zech. xiv. Afts ii
— xix.

0 Heh. thy name is
called upon. this
houfe.

n fKin. 8. 44, 45-

30 Then hear thou from heaven thy
dwelling place, and forgive, and render
unto every man according unto all his
ways, whofe heart thou knoweft: (for
thou only h knoweft the hearts of the
children of men:)
iLukep7.47;&'-74, j! * That they may fear thee, to walk
j%',^34*.& in thy Ways, + fo long as they live in
* the land which thou gaveft unto our
fathers. ,32 % Moreover, concerning k the
S'.'ia^NurL ftranger, who is not of thy people Ifrael,
come from a far country ' for thy
great name's fake, and thy mighty hand,
o(h,2.9.Efth.8. and thy ftretched-out arm; if they come
tr. Zech. 8. 22, 1 • 1 • 1 C
and pray in this houfe ;
22 Then hear thou from the heavens,
even from thy dwelling place, and do
according to all that the ftranger calleth
to thee for ; that all m people of the earth
may know thy name, and fear thee, as
•doth thy people Ifrael, and may know
that "H this houfe which I have built is
called by thy name.
34 % nVL$y PeoPle s° out to war
their enemies by the way that
fhalt fend them, and they ° pray
u-nto thee 'toward this city which thou
haft chofen, and the houfe which I have
built for thy name ;
35 Then hear thou from the heavens
their prayer and their fupplication, and
p maintain their q caufe.
36 5F r If they fin againft thee, (for
there is s no man which finneth not,)
and thou be angry with them, and deli
ver them over before their enemies, and
they carry them away captives unto a
FiE^'m?'*? land far off or near;
37 Yet, if l they + bethink themfelves
in the land whither they are carried

againft
oEzek.36.37-Dan. fl-,nn
6.10. Pf.50. 15.& t-JlvJU
91. IJ.

plf. 37. 21, jS.Pf. 7-
.9, 10. Sc 72. 12—
14.
ej Or right. Pf. 9. 4.
Rev. 19. II.
r 1 Kills 8. 46— 53-
s Prov. 20. 9. Eccl.
7. 20. Jam. 3.
Ijohn I. 8.
* Heb. they that tale
them captives carry
them away.
t Deut. 4. 29, 30. &
30. 1, 2. Lev. 26.
41. Luke 15. i8_.

29. 12, 13. Prov.
28. 13. PI. 32. 5.
f Heb. bring bach to
their heart.

captive, and" turn arid pray unto thee in
the land of their captivity, faying, We
have finned, we have done amifs, and
have dealt wickedly;
38 If they return to thee u with all
their heart, and with all their foul, in thg
land of their captivity, whither they have
carried them captives, and pray toward
their land which thou gaveft unto their
fathers, and toward the city which thou-
haft chofen, and toward the houfe which
I have built for thy name ;
39 Then hear thou from the heavens,
even from thy dwelling place, their
prayer and their fupplications, and main
tain their x caufe, and forgive thy people
which have finned againft thee.
40 f Now, y my God, let, I befeech
thee, thine eyes be open, and let thine
ears be attent + unto the prayer that is
made in this place.
41 Now z therefore arife, O Lord God,
into thy refting place, thou, and the aark
of thy ftrength: let thy priefts, O Lord
God, be clothed with b falvation, and let
thy faints c rejoice in goodnefs.
42 O Lord God, turn not away the
face of d thine anointed : c remember the
mercies of David thy fervant.
CHAP. VII.

Before Chrift
1003.

u Jer. 29. 12—14.
Jael 4.11. Pf.78,
36. 37. Deut. 6. J-.
Jer. 3. 12— 14,22,
Dan. ix. 8c 6. 13,

X Or right. Ver. 35,
Zech. i.JS.. ,

7 Pf. 130. 2. Sc 4. 1.
Dan. 9. 17 — 19,
ch. 7. 15.
$ Heb. to the prayer of
thisplate.

z Pf. 131. 8— ro.
2 Sain. 7. 6, 12.
1 Chr. 28. 2. Sc
22. 5.
a Jofh. 3. le.Sci. 11
— 20. 1 Sam. v.
b Neh. 9. 25. If. 61.
10. I Tim. 4, 16.
c If 63. 7, 9- * 65.
18, 19. Sc 66. ic—
13-
d -1 Kiri. J- 39. Pf. 2.
2, & 84. 9. & 18.
50. If. 61. 1.
ePf. 132. 1. If. 55- !¦
Afis 13. 34. Epif.
J. 3-

Coincides with i Kings viii. ; 62 — 66. and ix. ; 1 — 9,
It contains God's anfwer to Solomon's prayer.
( 1 ) His public anfwer, in the defcent of fire from
heaven to burn the facrifices ; and in the filling ofthe
houfe with his glory, which affecled both priefts and
people with folemn awe and gratitude ; I — 3 : and
made them obferve a facred feftival of fourteen days;
4 — 11. (2) His private anfwer to Solomon; in
which he teftified his acceptance of his prayer, and
ftated the bleffings which would attend his and his
1 fubjecls' obedience, and the curfes which would attend
their rebellion and apoftafy ; 12. — 22,

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — How honourable is it when
we perform great enterprifes, not from pride, but in profecution of
our parents' gracious purpofes, and to fulfil the promife, obey the
command, and honour 'the name, of the Lord! And, while we
view this temple as a figure of Chrift, let us, whether Jews or
Gentiles, deal with God only through him. Let us have fixed
views of God's infinite perfection, power, faithfulnefs, omnipre-
fence, omnifcience, and of our own meannefs and vilenefs before
him! Let us truft in, love, fear, and honour, this God of infinite
excellencies. In a regard to his hoiinefs, and heart- fearching
eye, let us indulge ao fecret pollution. And, confcious of our

finfulnefs, let us make folemn prayer ourfirftand our laft refource in
all our ftraits. Even when diftrefs has driven us to him, he will 'in
no wife caft us out. His unbounded forgivenefs will make way
for all neceiTary mercies to us,. For, though we may not expecf
to be heard for the fake of our prayers, yet muft we not expeft
to be heard without them. And thanks be to God that Gentile
ftrangers have an open and free accefs to him, even to his feat.
Happy is that church where all ranks, princes, minifte'rs', ^'nd
people, are under the fpecial influence of God, as their own and
their father's God in Chrift. Great is their falvation, and fweet
their joy. '

Sacred fire and divine glory attend.

CHAP. VIL

Before Chrift
1003.
a 1 Kin. 8. 54. Dan.
9. 20. If. 58. 9. Sc
I 65- H-

NOW, a when Solomon had made an
end of praying, the b fire came
down from heaven, and confumed the
^•AStST burnt-offering and the facrifices ; and the
c\an4l\tlts. cgl°ry of the Lord filled the houfe.
' Jj,in4-Rev.I5»- 2 And the priefts d could not enter
dVeM.3.Exod.24. into the houfe of the Lo*d, becaufe the
: glory of the Lord had filled the Lord's
houfe. 3 And when all the children of Ifrael
faw liow the fire came down, and the
glory of the Lord upon the houfe, they
eEjod.4-jt.Nu-. e bowed themfelves with their faces to
16. 22. « 14. 5- .
pr.95.s- t^e ground upon the pavement, and wor
fhipped, and praifed the Lord, faying,
fCh-?56iyS*'xvi: f For he is good, for his mercy endureth
Scsctj. 1, 2. ch. r _„
0.21.8. is, 22. 101 ever.
4 ^[ Then the king and all the people
offered facrifices before the Lord.
5 And king Solomon s offered a facri-
S'.VoEura«ys* fi.ce of twenty and two thoufand oxen,
|;^H7i2Epib' an(l an hundred and twenty thoufand
ano.}. fheep: fo the king and all the people de
dicated the houfe of God.
h 1 chr. .5.. .6. & 6. 5 h And the priefts waited on their of-
"' fices : the Levites alfo with inftruments

If. 63. 7. PI. cxiv
— cl.

g 1 Kin. 8, 62, 63.
iChr. 16. It 2. Sc
29. 21. Ezra 6. 17

41, 32- Sc 16. 41.
& 23.4,5.* xxv.

of mufic of the Lord, which David the-
king had made to praife the Lord, be
caufe his mercy endureth for ever, -when
*-ae\s.hytheirhani. David praifed * by their miniftry: and
iCi^onw'^)0s' tne priefts ' founded trumpets before
Mark'l6.,5.' ' ^^ an(] %\\ Ifrael ft00d.
ki Km. 8. 64. Mark 7 Moreover, k Solomon hallowed the
10. 15. I John 2. 2. / 7
Itifsc'n^ltl middle of the court that was before the
houfe of the Lord : for there he offered
burnt-offerings, and the fat of the peace-
offerings, becaufe the brazen altar which
Solomon had made was not able to re
ceive the burnt-offerings, and the meat
offerings, and the fat.
8 ^F Alfo at the fame time Solomon
'icv^Num. kePl l tne feaft feven days, and all Ifrael
89'65,y.8',Kin' with him, a very great congregation,
erin
the river "of Egypt.

» cen. 15., s. Jon,. mfrom the entering in of Hamath unto
*)• 3—5- Num. 34. o
5—8.
11 Lev. 23.36. Num.
29. 35-38. John
tHeQl. + a folemn affembly: for they kept the
dedication of the altar feven days, and

9 And on the n eighth day they made

• Lw. 13. 34. Num.
»• 'Ii 35.

the feaft feven days.
10 And on the ° three and twentieth

Solemn feaf. God's promifes.
day of the feventh month he fent the Be^ri*
people away into their tents, p glad and P pr. ,3S. ,_s. &~
merry in heart for the goodnefs that the i-^r&c'x^ct
J O - 40. 5, If, 63. 7.
Lord had fhewed unto David, and to
Solomon, and to Ifrael his people.
1 1 Thus 1 Solomon finifhed the houfe HFE^'**
of the Lord, and the king's houfe : and
all that came into Solomon's heart to 99**
make in the houfe of the Lord, and in
his own houfe, he profperoufly effected.
12 «J[ And the r Lord appeared to So- r _?7: %%??*
lomon by night, and faid unto him, I
have 5 heard thy prayer, and * have chofen s fififtiifif.
this place to myfelf for an houfe of fa- 7-1'*!^.' J
crifice. 'T^li™
13 If u I fhut up heaven that there be l4,7.h^.%&^
no rain, or if I command the locuft touS,h-f-f-'x-,-r
' Deut. 28. zjj Joef
devour the land, or if I fend peftilence ,,.4ka|.?.s,',z&
1 2. 17. Amos 4. 6—
among my people; 11.& 7.1-4.
14 If my people, who are called by
my name, fhall x humble themfelves, and ^r^'.'"^^:
pray, and feek my face, and turn from ^;,£u?7-.*,
their wicked ways; then will I hear liS-&3°- 1_4-
from heaven, and will forgive their fin,.
and will heal their land.
15 Now y mine eyes fhall be open, y ^6.20,40. Dens
and mine ears attent + unto the prayer n°-z-
that is made in this place. tfihil'pL
16 For now have ZI chofen and fancfi- z^S6r;l,l.1ttt
lied this houfe, that my name may be Ticit!75.sf7'
there for ever : and mine eyes and mine
heart fhall be there perpetually.
1 7 And as for thee, a if thou wilt walk a t.'ilhl%U-»
before me as David thy father walked, ^i^.^l
and do according to all that I have com- H' I3> x^-^-
manded thee, and fhalt obferve my fta
tutes and my judgments ;
18 Then will I ftablifh the throne of
thy kin edom, b according as I have cove- ln.l',at\\m!i'.
J o . ' a . sz—ia. pr. 89. 28
nanted with David thy father, faying, -57-j«.k.«-
There fhall not fail thee a man to be ruler
in Ifrael. 19 c Bat, if ye turn away, and forfake c ^^X-tk.
n . 1 1 & 29. 18—28 8c
my ftatutes and my commandments 3*- <s-*s 1 sa,n.
which I have fet before you, and fhall go ^J^: J;~
and ferve other gods, and worfhip them ;
20 Then will I d pluck them up by JjKin.17.-20.1mn,
sr r j 9. 7. pi. 5. 5. &.
the roots out of my land which I have i^'&Tio,?/.
given them; and this houfe, which I ^i^'ofX
have fandt&ed for my name, will I caft

j the prayer

threatenings againfl afofates.

BefojeChrll, ^ Q£ ^ f^t, an(J Will imke it * /<? 1>C
e-je,.».i4.lKin. a proverb and a by-word among all na
tions.

25-9-

f Lam, 2. 15.

21 And this houfe, which is, high,
fhall be an aftonifhment to f every one
that palTeth by it ; fo that .he fliall fay,
'S.^'Why hath the Lord done thus unto
*,5.2,&i6..0. ^^ ^^ and untQ this h()ufef
22 And it fliall be anfwered, Becaufe
h^.li'd%tz. they h forfook the Lord God of their fa-
tzZtitz-i.t thers, who brought them forth out ofthe
land of Egypt, and laid hold on other gods,
and worfhipped them, and ferved them ;
'Ti^ilfct > therefore hath he brought all this evil
17. Lam. I. 8,18. . °
& s. 39- on. 9. Upon them. CHAP. VIII.
3fofily coincides with 1 Kings ix. ; 10— -28. We are
informed (i) What cities Solomon built; I — 6.
(2) What workmen he employed; 7 — 10. (3) What
care he took to fettle his Egyptian queen; II.
(4) By what religious example and injunctions he
eftablifhed the temple worfhip ; 12 — 16. .(5) What
profitable trade he carried on with foreign countries ;

-990.
-a 1 Kin. 9. 0.

17, 18.

AND a it came to pafs, at the end of
twenty years, wherein Solomon had
built the houfe of the Lord, and his own
houfe,
* nun. 9. H. 2 That the cities which Huram b had
reftored to Solomon, Solomon built them,
and caufed the children of Ifrael to dwell
there.
<rNum.i3.2i.&34. o And Solomon went to c Hamath-
S. a.Sain. 8. 3. O . .
zobah, and prevailed againft it.
d .Kin.9. ,8,i9. 4 And he built d Tadmor in the wilder
nefs, and all the ftore cities which he built
in Hamath.
'\chn;.7'.i47j,o9fh. 5 -AM0 aQ built e Beth-horon the upper,
**• 3' 5- and Beth-horon the nether, fenced cities,
with walls, gates, and bars;
6 And f Baalath, and all the ftore cities
and all the chariot

rjoih. 15. 11, 60. Sc
18. 14. 2 Sam. 6. 2.
g Heb. anthedefreof that Solomon had,
9. ikcc". cities, and the cities ofthe horfemen, and

Solomon which
defired t. build.

a. 4—10.

g all that Solomon defired to build in Je

ll. CHRONICLES. Solomon builds cities : his workmen.
rufalem, and in Lebanon, and through- c 990, '
out all the land of his dominion.
7 f[ As for all the people that were left "
. ', N, Tt< ». - i , r . . 1 h Cen. 10. 15, 16. Ji
ofthe h Hitfites, and the Amorites, and u^i. e,*
the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the £i_j$j*;!*
Jebufites, which were not of Ifrael; i-*-****
8 But of their children who were left
- 1 1-1 rPf-i°6.S4.Judj.i
after them in the land, ' whom the cnil- »»-*¦
dren of Ifrael confumed not ; them did
Solomon make k to pay tribute until this ^'i'lZt
9 But l of the children of Ifrael did VJ^-j"-
Solomon make no fervants for his work; J*n* '
but they were men of war, and chief of
his captains, and captains of his chariots
and horfemen.
10 And thefe were the chief of king
1 j j ra 1 Kin- 9- il- The
Solomon s officers, even m two hundred j"^^*1-
and fifty, that bare rule over the people. , bm-
11 f Arid Solomon B brought up the"*,'^'*7"''
daughter of Pharaoh out of the city of
David unto the houfe that he had built
for her : for he faid, My wife fhall not
dwell in the houfe of David king of If
rael, becaufe the places are * holy where- •«*»**•¦
unto the ark of the Lord hath come.
12 ^f Then Solomon offered burnt-
offerings unto the Lord on °the altar of 0^h;<-,-,Ku,&
the Lord, which he had built before the
porch ;
13 Even after a certain rate every
pday, offering according to the com- p Deu1:S.uum.'
mandment of Mofes, on the fabbaths, ^;.'I„y,2S'
and on the new moons, and on the fo
lemn feafts, nhree times in the year, even <1&£:»^'4',7'
in the feaft of unleavened bread, and in
the feaft of weeks, and in the feaft of
tabernacles. 14 % And he appointed, according
to the order of David his father, the
r courfes of the priefts to their fervice, "& 1 1"^"-
and the Levites to their charges, to praife
and minifter before the priefts, as the
duty of every day required : the por-

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — What pleafure God takes
in the earneft and folemn prayer of faith ! — he is always ready to
give an honourable and gracious return ! How infinite is the Ma-
jefty of God ! What folemn awe the manifeftations of his prefence
do or fhould produce; and what high praifes and cheerful abound-
ings in the worfhip of God! Always on this fide hell praife is our
jduty: and, if we delight in God's fervice, we fhall not think the

time long

All our profperity in our undertakings is from God ;
and, when we make his glory our firft concern, we may expeft
fiiccefs. He takes pleafure in the profperity of his fervants; and
in keeping his commandments there is a great reward- But dread
ful is the danger, if, after remarkable favours received, we turn
a»ain to folly : and terrible the work that obftinate apoftafy from
God makes in nations, churches, and ordinances '-

tolomon orders the temple fervice.

CHAP. VIII. IX.

§>ueen pf Sheba vifits Solomon.

gcfore Chrift

ch. 20: 36.
y z Kin. 14. 22. &
6. Deut. 2. 8.

990. ters alfo by their courfes at every gate :
'sne\s.fowzsthecm. for s fo had David the man of God Com-
'tnandniehl ofDavld ¦ , .
tPemanofaod manded.
2 Sam. 2). 2. Afls
¦i!.»,36. ,5 ^nd they departed not from the
commandment ofthe king unto the priefts
and Levites concerning any matter, or
"^Villltsi concerning 'the treafures.
16 % Now all the work of Solomon
u,Kin.s.is-&6.7. was u prepared unto the day of the found
ation ofthe houfe of the Lord, and until
it was finifhed : fo the houfe of the Lord
was perfected.
*T^6£,? ' 17 f Then went Solomon to xEzion-
l6. geber, and to r Eloth, at the fea fide in
the land of Edom.
2jKin.?.27,,8.c„. lg And HuramTzfent him, by the
hands of his fervants, fhips, and fervants
that'had knowledge ofthe fea; and they
went with "the fervants of Solomon to
a|"A[|A^ a Ophir, and took thence four b hundred
i^Pf^f an<^ fifty talents of gold, and brought
,11.13.12. t-fofy t0 Ym% Solomon.
b Of which 410 were °
cleargain. .Kin. CHAP. IX.
Coincides with 1 Kings x. and iv.; 2$. and xi.;
41—43. Here is (1) The honour ivhich the queen
of Sheba did to Solomon, in vifiting him to hear his
wifdom; and her fatisfaclion therein; 1 — 12.
(2) Many inftances of his riches, fplendour, and
fame; his facred terraces, and inftruments of mufic ;
his golden targets and fhields ; his ivory throne, and
golden footftool ; his drinking veffels- of gold; his rich
and surious traffic ; his fine horfes and horfemen ;
the rich prefents brought him ; his wide-fpread fame
for wifdom; 1-0, II, 13—28. (3) Death puts an
end to this glory of him and his kingdom ; 29 — 3 1 .
*iK^ "lS. AND," when the queen of Sheba heard
».3i.p. 72.10. 2f\, of the fame of Solomon, fhe came to
hProv.Lj.&u. i» prove Solomon with hard queftions at
Jerufalem, with a very great company,
and camels that bare fpices, and gold in
abundance, and precious ftones : and,
when fhe was come to Solomon, fhe
communed with him of all that was in
her heart.
'He\s.mrds. 2 And Solomon told her all her * quef-

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — In the moft profound peace
We had need to prepare for war, fpiritual or temporal. It is an
honour for kings to manifeft the utmoft regard to their fubjetSis.
Haw certainly, however flowly, Noah's curfe of fervitude fixes at
M upon the defcendants of Canaan! They become flaves to the
Offspring of Shem, through the influence of the Lord his God.
h is. neceiTary to fet bounds to our defires after created thing?, as
they are apt to become inordinate and infatiable. It is no lefs necef-
VOL. I.

k I Cor. 22. 9. ijohn
3. I. Zech. 9. 17.
Song 5. 9—16.

tions: and there was nothing c hid from Bef09™o.hrW
Solomon which he told her not. ciKin.J.,1.&4.l,
2 And, when the queen of Sheba had Frot'.^-ii.
feen the d wifdom of Solomon, and the {£" J- 10- & •¦
e houfe that he had built, d. Kin. 4. 29-34.
4 And f the meat of his table, and the «,Kta-«-«8-&7.».
s fitting of his fervants, and. the f attend- ^ff1]^.
ance of his minifters, and their apparel; g,K,n5.,o.s.kev.
his * cup-bearers alfo, and their apparel; *'"' ,.
,, . f l-li rr . ' fHea.flandtng.
and his n afcent by which he went up into * orw.'«.
the houfe of the Lord ; there was no '"^¦"S'-
more fpirit in her.
5 And fhe faid to the king, // was a
true H report which I heard in mine own l|Heb-™'-<'-
land of thine * acts, and of thy wifdom : *0r>«'-
6 Howbeit, I s believed not their words '' '£%?• 7' Joha
until I came, and mine eyes had feen it:
and, behold, the one half of the greatnefs
of thy wifdom was not told me ; for thou
1 kexceedeft the fame that I heard. t Heb. *«,««*«*«..
7 ' Happy are thy men, and happy are
thefe thy fervants, which ftand conti- P™f-V.4.~
nually before thee; and hear thy wifdom. ^sc^itWeli"
8 m Bleffed be the Lord thy God, m.K.n.,c,9.Ch.j.
who delighted in thee to fet thee on n his "p/l": %'£%*%.
throne, to be king for the Lord thy God : \\tfif\^'
becaufe thy God loved Ifrael, to eftablifh nichr.i7.i4.&2*.
them for ever, therefore made he thee n-*^'n
king over them, to do judgment and
juftice. 9 And ° fhe gave the king an hundred ° 72K'?o,,i05.,°'?Pr"
and twenty talents of gold, and of fpices
great abundance, and precious ftones :
neither was there any fuch fpice as the
queen of Sheba gave king Solomon.
10 And the fervants alfo of Huram, and
the fervants of Solomon, which brought
gold from Ophir, brought p algum trees p^;„f,,Ki!
and precious ftones.
1 1 And the king made of the algum
trees 1 "terraces to the houfe of the"™/,?." ,Kin
Lord, and to the king's palace, and * Hcb; ^"j"-
harps and pfalteries for fingers : and there

Kin, 10.

fary to keep up proper diftinclions between things facred and com
mon. And we fhall find difficulty therein, if we ally ourfelves in
marriage, or in any other way, with the ungodly. What an ex
cellent foundation, for even external profperity, is a prudent and
active zeal for, and conftant attendance on, the worfhip of God!
But alas! how great the folly that, while men wijl rifk and do
fo much for earthly treafures, fo little is done to obtain the riches
which endure for ever!
4 M

Solomon? s wealth and glory.

II. CHRONICLES-. His wifdom,. dominion-, and ddat.,%,

Eefore Chrift
990.

r See iKin. 10. 13.

s iKin. to. 14. Pf.
72. IO, 15. i. e.
about 3,634,382,1.
flerling.

tlf.60.7,8. Pf.68.
19. & 72. IG.

K Or captains*

u iKin, 10. 161 17.
& i_. zG. ch.12. 9,
* About nineteen
pounds weight.

f Nine pounds
weight.

were none fuch feen before in the land of
Judah. 12 r And king Solomon gave to the
queen of Sheba all her defire, whatfoever
fhe afked, befide that which fhe had
brought unto the king. So fhe turned,
and went away to her own land, fhe and
her fervants.
1 2 % Now the s weight of gold that
came to Solomon in one year was fix
hundred and threefcore and fix talents of
gold ;
14 Befide that which chapmen and
merchants brought. And all the £ kings
of Arabia, and " governors of the country,
brought gold and filver to Solomon.
15 ^[ u And king Solomon made two
hundred targets of beaten gold : * fix
hundred fhekels of beaten gold went to
one target.
1 6, And three hundred. fhields made he
of beaten gold: + three hundred fhekels of
gold went to one fhield. And the king
put them in the houfe of the foreft of

X 1 Kin. 10. 18—20.
Pf. 45- 6. Rev. 3.
21. & 10. 11. Pi.
9.7.

% Heb. hands.

T Rev. 21. 12. Mat.
19. 28. Thefe
might reprefent
Chi ill's twelve
apoftles.

« 1 Kin. 10-21 — 23.
II. Co. 17. 2 Pet.
J. 4.

I Heb. fhut up.
* Or there was no
filver in them.

Lebanon 17 ^[[Moreover, x the king made a
great throne of ivory, and overlaid it with
pure gold.
18 And there were fix fteps to the
throne, with a footftool of gold, which
were faftened to the throne, and + ftays
on each fide ofthe fitting place, and two
lions Handing by the ftays :
19. And ? twelve, lions ftood there on
the one fide and on the other, upon the
fix fteps. There was not the like made
in any kingdom.
20 ^[ And * all the drinking veffels of
king Solomon were of gold, and all the
veffels of the houfe of the foreft of Leba
non were of } pure "gold : * none were of
filver ; it was not any thing, accounted of
in the days of Solomon.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — God honours fuch as honour
him. They, who know the value of divine wifdom and truth,
will grudge no pains to fearch for it. They only are truly great,
whofe piety and zeal for God diftinguifh them. And whatever
gifts we enjoy, they are but lent us for the edifying of the body of
Chrift, and ought to be employed with diligence and care. How
comely is good, and efpecially religious, order in families, parti-
! Happy are they who have conftant

cularly thofe of princes 7

2 1 For the king's fhips went to Tar
fhifh with the fervants of" Huram': every
three years a once came the fhips of Tar
fhifh, bringing gold,, and filver, + ivory,
and apes, and peacocks.
22 And king Solomon b pafled all the
kings of the earth in riches and wif
dom. 23 ^[ And all. the kings of the earth
c fought the prefence of Solomon, to hear
his wifdom that God. had putin his heart.
24 And they brought every man his
d prefent, veffels of filver, and veffels of
gold, and raiment, harnefs, and fpices,
horfes, and mules, a rate year by year.
25 ^f And Solomon e had four thou
fand {falls for horfes and chariots, and'
twelve thoufand horfemen; whom he:
beftowed in the chariot cities, and with
the king at Jerufalem
26 ^ And he " river even
land of the Philiftines, and to the border
of Egypt. ^
27 And the king. s made filver in. Je
rufalem as ftones, and cedar trees made
he as the fycamore trees that are in the
low plains in abundance.
28 h And they brought unto Solomon
horfes out of Egypt, and out of all lands.
29 5T Now the reft of the ' acts of
Solomon, firft and. laft, are they not
written in the " book of k Nathan the
prophet, and in the prophecy of Ahijah
the Shilonite, and in the villous of * Iddo
the feer againft Jeroboam the fon of Ne
bat ?
30 And Solomon reigned in Jerufalem
over all Ifrael forty years.
31 And Solomon flept with his fathers;
and he was buried in the city of David his
father : and m Rehoboam his fon
in his ftead.

f reigned, over all the
kings, from the + river even unto the

reigned

Before Chtil
990.

a 1 Kin. 10.22. Tab
28. 16—19.
t Ot elephants- tttth.

b 1 Kin. 10. 23. & }„
12,13, Sc 4, 30, 31,
k N"m-24-7-oh.j„ IS. Pf. 89. Ij..

ClKin.4. 34. &IC*
24. If. 11. 10. Gen.
49- io- If- 52. 1;.
Ff.l6.ll,&i7.,5.

dPf. 72. Io, ij.witjj.
1 Kin. 10. 25.

e lKin.4.26..&-,iov 26. ch. 1.14,16,17,
Deut. 17. 16. Pf"
33. 16,17. Sc 20.7.
Prov. zi, jh

f jKin. 4.124. Sc3.
be. Goni. 15. 18.
Exod. 23. 31.
Deut. 11.24. Jolh,
13. 2 — 7. Dan. 7*
14. Rev. 11. 15.
Mat. 281-18.
tThztis,Eufhratet.g Heb. gave. I Kin.
lo. 27. ver. 2c,2l,
elk, 1. 12, 1 5.

985.
h 1 Kin. jo. 28. ch
1. 16. v/iih Deut*
17. 16.
i 1 Kin. 11. 41—43*

H Heb. v.ords.
k 1 Kin. 1. 8, 38. Sc
11. ag. zSam.7.,2i
—4. Sc 12. 1 — is»
2.5*
1 Ch-iz. 15, & !_•**«

975*

m i.e. the enlarg*.
mento! the peo
ple. Ch. 10. 16.

accefs to, and intimacy with, the intelligent and zealous fearers of
God! And we ought to be thankful for the gifts and graces of
God to others ; efpecially if made inftrumental for our good.
Great fouls are ever generous; and ought to -be fo, according to
their ftations and ability. But not the moft engagingrthings on
earth oue;ht long to detain us from that home, in which God calls,,
us to a£f for his glory. What a tranfient blaze is all the glory and
wealth of earth ! Ere it be long, Solomon's family, fliall be poor.

"jRthoboam, by his folly and pride,

CHAP. X.

Before Chrift
975-

0 iKin. 12. i— 19.
with i Chr. 3. io.
Mat. i. 7.

& 12. 4.

CHAP. X.
Coincides with I Kings xii.; 1 — ig: where we find
( I ) How wickedly the Ifraelites complainfd of Solo
mon's oppreffion; 1 — 4. (2) How foolifhly Reho
boam, mifled by his young counfcllors, treated their
complaint, and threatened to epprefs them more;
5 — 15. (3) How bafiiy the lfro.elit.rs frrfj.i Re
hoboam; 16 — 19. (4) Hoiv God, by Rehoboam' s
folly, and the Ifraelites' rebellion, fulfilled his pur
pofe and promife ; 15.
ND a Rehoboam went to Shechem :
for to Shechem were all Ifrael come
to make him king.
2 And it came to pafs, when Jeroboam
the fon of Nebat, who was. in Egypt,
titcin. 11,4-. sc b whither he had fled from the prefence
of Solomon the king, heard it, that Je
roboam returned out of Egypt.
3 And they fent and called him. So
Jeroboam and all Ifrael came, and fpake
to Rehoboam, faying,
c & £ m.7*&": 4 Thy c father made our yoke griev
ous; now therefore eafe thou fomewhat
the grievous fervitude of thy father, and
his heavy yoke that he put upon us, and
we will ferve thee.
«iwn.u.s.PA 5 And he faid unto them, d Come
again unto me after three days. And the
people departed.
6 ^[ And king Rehoboam took counfel
«p/°b3*-7-&8.8,9. with e the old men that had ftood before
Solomon his father while he yet lived,
faying, What counfel give ye me to return
anfwer to this people ?
7 And they fpake unto him, faying,
tHeb. forg,^ if xhou be f kind to this people, and
1 Jun. tz, 7. Neh. _ ¦*•_¦*¦
p'rov'.^,86''7' pleafe them, and fpeak good words to
them, they will be thy fervants for
ever.
'ifprev'^: 8 But s he forfook the counfel which
9"6, the old men gave him, and took counfel
with the young men that were brought
up with him, that ftood before him.
9 And he faid unto them, What ad
vice give ye that we may return anfwer
to this people which have fpoken to me,

and contemned. Yet God feems, as it were, unwilling to remem
ber thofe fins againft Solomon, or any of his people, of which they
nave fmcereiy repented. What a fudden gloom death fpreads over
the brighteft honours on earth! But rejoice, my foul, that Jefus uu,M j«ura — a.m j,..,.™ iu _u %
has wifdom, has wealth, has glory, and fame, which neither death | eftablifh his people in eternal glory.
4M 2

provokes ten tribes to revolt.
faying, Eafe fomewhat the yoke that thy eo^l "'
father did put upon us ?
10 And the young men that were
brought up with him fpake unto him,
faying, Thus fhalt thou anfwer the
people that fpake unto thee, faying, Thy
father made our yoke heavy, but make
thou it fomewhat lighter for us ; thus
fhalt thou fay unto them, h My little h\fl^- .?£>£
finger fhall be thicker than my father's ,i-'-&,8'u-
loins. 11 For, whereas my father * put a "X^^J
heavy yoke upon you, I will put more Som^'your'
. r , 1 1 n • r 1 punifhnient more
to your yoke : my father chaftifed you fevce,
with whips, but I will c hofl if e you with
fcorpions. 1 2 ^[ So Jeroboam and all the people
came to Rehoboam on the third day, as
the king bade, faying, Come again to
me on the third day.
13 And the king anfwered them
'roughly; and king Rehoboam forfook '^dl."^^
the counfel of the old men ;
14 And anfwered them k after the*f«I-'»',s-lr-i-
1 4t.5*~ "*• "¦ 7*
advice of the young men, faying, My
father made your yoke heavy, but I A will !P/°£^.y, ,%'.*¦
add thereto: my, father chaftifed you with ver,n'
whips, but I will chafife you with fcor
pions. 15 So the king hearkened not Unto
the people ; for the + m caufe was of God, tH.b.«*«i48«i..,;.
that the Lord might perform his word, ^^ILllfftflf.
which he fpake by the " hand of Ahijah _,Kin.ii.i9-M.
the Shilonite to Jeroboam the foil of
Nebat. 1 6 ^f And, when all Ifrael faw that
the king would not hearken unto them,
the people anfwered the king, faying, "0 1 Kin. ii. 11— ia

Phil. 3. 18, 19. &
2, ZI. I Tim. 1, is.

"What portion have we in David? and 30-36. & ,2.i„-
we have none inheritance in the fon or »„,7- _j<*« 6.66.
Jeffe : every man to your tents, O
Ifrael : and now, David, . fee to thine
own houfe. So all Ifrael went to their
tents. 17 But, as for the children of Ifrael

nor eternity can ever full)' or confume ! Of him it may truly be
faid, the half has not been told us. Happy are they that wait
around this exalted King of Ifrael — chofen through the love of the
eternal Father — and placed to do juftice and judgment, and to

Rehoboam levies an army,

II. CHRONICLES.

and rebuilds cities.

Before Chrift
975-

J> I Kin. 12. ]8. and
perhaps a. 6. cc 5,
J3i 14-

J Heh. hitr. c'

that dwelt in the cities ofjudah, Reho
boam reigned over them.
18 Then king; Rehoboam fent p Ha-
doram, that was over the tribute ; and
the children of Ifrael ftoned bim with
ftones, that he died. But king Reho
boam + made fpeed to get him up to his
chariot, to flee to Jerufalem.
1 9 And Ifrael rebelled againft the houfe
.«a the time or 0f. David H unto this day.
CHAP. XI.
Partly coincides with I Kings xii.; 21 — 24. Here
is ( 1 ) Rehoboam s rafh attempt to reduce the ten
revolted tribes, and his ready defifting from it at the
command of God; I — 4. (2) His wife and fuc
cefsful endeavour to preferve the two tribes which
adhered to him, building and fortifying their cities ;
5 — 12. (3) The refort of priefts and Levites to
his kingdom from that of Jeroboam, from regard to
the true worfhip of God; 13 — 17. (4) An account
of his wives and children ; 18 — 23.
AND, a when Rehoboam was come to
Jerufalem, he gathered of the houfe
of Judah and Benjamin an hundred and
fourfcore thoufand chofen men, who were
warriors, to fight againft Ifrael, that he
might bring the kingdom again to Reho
boam. 2 But the word of the Lord came to
Shemaiah the b man of God, faying,
3 Speak unto Rehoboam "the fon of
Solomon king of Judah, and to all Ifrael
in Judah and Benjamin, faying,
4 Thus faith the Lord, Ye fhall not
go up, nor fight againft your c brethren :
return every man to his houfe : for this
thing d is done of me. And they obeyed
the words of the Lord, and returned
from going againft Jeroboam.
5 % And Rehoboam dwelt in Jerufalem,
and e built cities for defence in Judah.
6 He built even f Beth-lehem, and

974-
a 1 Kin. 12. 21—24.

b Prophet. Deut. 33.
1. Judg. 13. 6, 8.
J Can. 1. 27.

« Exod. 2. IT. Lev.
10. 6. Rom. o. 2,
Heb. 13. 1.

d Cen. co. zo. Amos
3.6. 1 Kin. 12. 15.
IS. 45- 7-

«Repaired,cnIarged, and fortified. Ch.
14. Ci.
fGcn. 35. 19. Mat.
2. 1.
g 1 Chr. 4. 31. Judg.
15.8.
h 2 Sam. 14. 2. Jer.
6. 1. ch. 20. 20.

? Etam, and h Tekoa,

Beth-zur, and Shoco, and

Gath, and l Marefhah, and

7 And
Adullam, 8 And
m Ziph, 9 And Adoraim, and n Lachifh, and
Azekah, 10 And ° Zorah, and Aijalon, and
f Hebron , which are in . Judah and in
Benjamin, fenced cities.
1 1 And he fortified the ftrong holds,
and put 1 captains in them, and ftore of
viclual, and of oil and wine.
12 And in every feveral city he put
fhields and fpears, and made them ex
ceeding ftrong, having Judah and Ben
jamin on his fide.
¦ 12 % -And the priefts and the Levites
that were in all Ifrael reforted to him out
of all their coafts.
1 4 For the Levites left r their fuburbs
and their poffeflions, and came to
Judah and Jerufalem : for
and his fons had caft
executing the prieft's
Lord. 1 5 And he ' ordained him priefts for
the high places, and for the devils, and
for the calves which he had made.
16 And u after them, out of all the
tribes of Ifrael, fuch as fet their hearts to
feek the Lord God of Ifrael came to
Jerufalem, to facrifice unto the Lord
God of their fathers.
17 So they ftrengthened the kingdom
ofjudah, and made Rehoboam the fon
of Solomon ftrong, three years : for x three
years they walked in the way of David
and Solomon.
1 8 % And Rehoboam took him Ma-
halath the daughter of Jerimoth the fon
of David to wife, and Abihail the daugh
ter of y Eliab the fon of jeffe ;

Before Chtjft
973-
i Jofh. 15. 35,581?
Mic, 1. 15.
k I Chr. 18. 1. &
20. 8.
1 Jofh. 15. 44. Mjc,
1. ij.
m Jolh. 15. 55.
1 Sam. 23. 19,
n Jofh. 10. 5, 11. &
15- 35, 39- U- 37- &
0 Jofh. 15. 33. 8c 15,
4.1, s,z.
p Gen. 23. 2. Jolh,
10. 3. Sc 14. sa.
c, Ver. 23. ch.,.14. 7,
Sc 17. 19.

them
office

1 Jeroboam off from
unto the

r Jolh. 21. 20—42.
1 Chr. 6. 66—81.

s Ch. 13. q. Rev. 13.
16. 1 Kin. 12.28-.
33. & 13. 33.

1 1 Kin. 12. 31. Rev.
17. 17. Hof. 13. 2.
Tf. 106. 17, x%.

u i.e. Thofe Levites,
vet. 14. ch. 15.9. .
&30. 11, 18. Pf,
°9- 3h 3<i.

x Ch. 12. 1, 2. Hof.
f 6. 4. Mat, tz, iB—
22. Pf. 78- 34-17-

y 1 Sam. 16- 6, 7. &
17. 13, 28. 1 Chi.
27. iS. & z. IB-

Reflections upon Chap. X.— The beft of rulers cannot
give every one content. Men are readier to complain of the
expenfe of government than to acknowledge the benefit which
they receive from it: and turbulent and ungrateful fpirits will
6nd fault where they can • fcarcely find the fhadow of a reafon.
Young heads are ordinarily too hot to be wife counfellors: and
many ruin their own interefts by trampling on and provoking their
inferiors. Moderate counfels are generally the moft fafe and pru-
•Jent. Soft anfwers difarrn men's paffions, when harfli ones render

them furious : and, when the affairs of church or ftate are in a
ferment, rough proceedings do but make them worfe and worfe.
Moft men need no more to ruin them than to be given up to their
own pride and paffion. But O the wifdom and power of God,
who can fulfil his counfels by men's folly and fury! Very uncer
tain are all earthly enjoyments: nor can the wifeft fecure them to
his, next heir. God often vifits the iniquity of the fathers upon
the children: but, amidft all the heat of his anger, he never breaks
his promife.

Rehoboam' s wives and children*

C H A P. XL XIL

Heforfakes the Lord*

ziKin. ij-i. ch.13.
/ 3.. not of Ablalom,
a Sam. 14. 2.7.

""97a." 19 Who bare him children; Jeufh,
~ and Shamariah, and Zaham.
20 And after her he took * Maachah
the daughter of Abfalom ; who bare
him Abijah, and Attai, and Ziza, and
Shelomith. 2 1 And Rehoboam loved Maachah the
daughter of Abfalom above all his wives
^f-'^-'^-and his concubines : (for he took a eigh-
ioen.xi.14.1Kin. teen wives and threefcore b concubines,
and begat twenty and eight fons and
threefcore daughters.)
t Deut. 2.. 15-17. 22 And Rehoboam 'made Abijah the
fon of Maachah the, chief to be ruler
among his brethren : for he thought to
make him king.
*G<n.25H6.ch,2I. ^ An(, he ^^ ^^ and d dJf_
perfed of all his children throughout all
the countries ofjudah and Benjamin unto
every fenced city: and he gave them
viftual in abundance. And he defired

«Heb. <s multitude of t rrianTj- vti'ttTtcv
uiives. Deut. 17. llldllV WIVeS.
J7. 1 Kin, 11. 3.

xn.

C H A F
Partly coincides with I Kings xiv. ; 25 — 28-.
(1) Upon account of Rehoboam' s and his fubjecls'
wickednefs, God gives them up into the hand of Shi
fhak king of Egypt, who ravages the country and
-oppreftfes them; 1 — 4. (2) Upon the prophet She
maiah' s Jhewing them the defign of the judgment,
they repent, and. juftify the Lord's procedure ; 5, 6.
(3) Upon their repentance, God abates their punifh
ment ; but permits Shifhak for a time to opprefs and
impoverifh them ; as a mark of which, Jhields of brafs
are made inftead of the golden ones ; 7  12.
(4) After a reign of unworthinefs and war, Reho
boam dies; 13 — 16.
AND it came to pafs, " when Reho
boam had eftablifhed the kingdom
k,§£.Viit and had ftrengthened himfelf, he forfook
weVwSeh'ht' the law of the Lord, and b all Ifrael with
reigned, as the , '
other ten had done Vnt-n
belore. 111II1.

»Ch. 11. 11, 17.
I Kin. 14. 22.
Deut. 32. 15.
Prov. 2, 13. Jer.
2.13.

Before Chrift
790.

2 And it came to pafs, that, in the
fifth year of king Rehoboam, -c Shifhak c, K.n. ,4.25,26.
king of Egypt came up againft Jerufalem Ju-ti£'2'13'
(becaufe they had tranfgreffed againft the
Lord) 3 With d twelve hundred chariots and iJlf^zl{\n.i*eT
threefcore thoufand horfemen : andthe ,!i-lChri7lS-
people were without number that came
with him out of Egypt; the eLubims, 'f^A&iSS:
the Sukkiims, and the Ethiopians. '
4 And he took f the fenced cities which f «.'&.». if „l"
pertained to Judah, and came to Jerufa
lem. 5 % Then came e Shemaiah the pro- *?„¦£;"' ,Eo'
phet to Rehoboam,. and to the princes of
Judah, that were gathered together to
Jerufalem becaufe of Shifhak, and faid
unto them, Thus faith the Lord, h Ye h IVaT.^V*"
have forfaken me, and therefore have- 1 $ &"4Je,8. &'}:
alfo left you in the hand of Shifhak. A^osi'*!0'11'
6 Whereupon the princes of Ifrael and
the king ! humbled themfelves; and they 5 "k?n.'»J.^™r..
faid, The Lord is righteous. tstzhiltl:.
7 And, when the Lord faw that they i^'v'S-
I 7 - J Hoi. 5, 15. Pf. 50.
humbled themfelves, the word of the J*
Lord came to Shemaiah, faying, They
have humbled themfelves ; therefore I will
not deftroy them, but I will grant them
* fome deliverance ; and my + wrath fhall *0r "**¦**-
. . _ J r , . t All my wrath.
not be poured out upon Jerufalem by the
hand of Shifhak.
8 Neverthelefs, they fhall be his fer
vants ; that they may know k my fervice, k ??!% &«;
and the fervice of the kingdoms of the 24,p-89-3',3Z-
countries. 9 So Shifhak king of Egypt came up,
againft Jerufalem, and took away ^the^^g^efHli
treafures of the houfe ofthe Lord, and lofii\cttLf:
the treafures of the king's houfe ; he took

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — How often is war too rafhly
undertaken! But it is in vain to withftand the purpofes of God.
And it is honourable to drop our darling attempts when he. requires
it.. It is more prudent to make the beft we can of what, we have,
and to take all lawful p^ins to fecure it, than to fight for more.
When nations are for-faking God, his faithful minifters are often
Angularly diftreffed ; and yet none are more ufeful for ftr.engthen-
ing a kingdom that deals kindly with them. It is proper that thofe
Who fear God fhould leave their country when his minifters and
Worfhip are expelled from it. No fecular advantage ought to
Carry or keep us where we muft make fhipwreck of faith and a
good confeience. That is really beft for us which is beft for our
(otfk. And, in all our choices, religion fhould take the lead of

outward advantages. If for God's fake we forfake our worldly
all, we fhall one day find ourfelves great gainers. Such. as fuffer.
for righteoufnefs' fake ought to be received by us with open arms.
And never fhould we cleave more clofely to Chrift's faithful mi
nifters than when they, are perfecuted. Seafons of perfecution
efpecially diftinguilh the precious from the vile. Nothing fo
ftrengthens a nation as when all ranks concur to walk in the way
ofthe Lord. But alas! how often do princes weaken their king
doms, by their indulgence of finful luft and following of long-
rooted cuftoms ! And happy is it if thofe, who begin foolifhfy,,
would but end wifely in the right difpofal of their children or their
property !

Rehoboam punifhed by Shijhak.

II. CHRONICLES.

Be'oTe Chrift
970-
mCh*9. 15. 1 Kin.
jo. 16, 17.
» 1 Kin. 14. 27, 28.

g«8.

all ; he carried away alfo the fhields of
gold which Solomon had m made.
10 Inftead of which "king Rehoboam
.made fhields of brafs, and committed
them to the hands of the chief of the
guard, that kept the entrance df the king's
houfe. 11 And, when the king entered into
the houfe of the Lord, the -guard came
and fetched them, and brought them again
into the guard chamber.
1 2 And ° when he humbled himfelf
the wrath of the Lord turned from him,
that he would not deftroy him altogether:
P and alfo in Judah things went well.
13 5[ So king Rehoboam ftrengthened
himfelf" in Jerufalem, and reigned: for
¦J Rehoboam was one and forty years old
when he began to reign, and he reigned
feventeen years in Jerufalem, the city
%vtt.sc^hlltitsc r which the Lord1 had' chofen out of all
3df7ul:lfe: the tribes of Ifrael, to put his name there.
,, 2. & 132.13,14. ^nd yg mot]ler-'g name was Naamah an
Ammon itefs. ,
*°ntitl.& 14 And he did evil, becaufe he « pre
set ™. 16. m«.7. pared not his heart to l feek the Lord.
7/Xa's9.'„.pi-.' lc. ]sjow the acfs of Rehoboam, firft

0 Lew. j.6. 40—45.
j Kin. it. ig.
Prov.2.8.1;. Lam.
3- Yh 39—42-

r-p Or and 1 et inyudcih
there were gocd
things. Gen, 18.
24. If. 6.13. & 65.
S. Mat. 24. 22,.
Hof. 11. 12.
« 1 Kin. 14- 11.

*5
* Heb. words. an(l ]aft, are they not written in the + book
"5Kch.'9I'4z'verof u Shemaiah the prophet, and of Iddo
*.iKin.i2.24.&i4. the feer, concerning genealogies? x And
3d Sc 15. 6,7.16, » o p
&• there were wars between Rehoboam and
Jeroboam continually.
rch.9-n.jKin.2. l6 And Rehoboam y. flept with his
•fathers, and was buried in the city of

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — They, who in adverfity
appear faithful for God, often forfake him in their profperity.
Nay earthly profperity is a common occafion of ruin to the foul. — *¦
Human fupports and fenced cities prove but refuges of lies when
'God withdraws or becomes our deftroyer. And, to punifh men's
fins, he often turns their old friends, or even relations, into inve
terate enemies. God's word comes to men with peculiar advan
tage when awakening providences concur with it : and ftupid and
.felf-conceited -finners muft have the plaineft providences explained
to them before they underftand them. They, whom the Lord
hath left, ought to blame themfelves as the guilty caufe, and to
humble themfelves under his mighty hand : for it is vain to pro
ject means of defence if we continue unhumbled for our fins.
The greateft kings and princes muft either be humbled or ruined:
and we are never humbled aright till we juftify God in our fuffer
ings. But how God's bowels yearn towards repenting prodigals !
How forward he is to meet them with merciful deliverances who
humble themfelves before him ! Whenever we have hearts hum-
Wed under troubles, they have done their work, and fhall either be

reigned in

Before ChriS
s} Ch. 11.20,22. Or
Aliijam, 1 Kin. 14,
31. orjfim,*lat,
J- 7. lChr.3.,19,

Ahijah fucceeds hhn\,
David: and * Abijah his fon
his ftead. CHAP. XIII.
Here Abijah, who was no better than his father, fuc
ceeds to the crown, and is more fuccefsful in his war
with Jeroboam. ( I ) Huge armies are brought into
the field on both fides, in order to decide the quarrel ;
I — 3. (2) Before the battle Abijah remonftrates to
the Ifraelites as to the injuftice and danger of their
caufe, and the equity and hopefulnefs of his own ;
it. — 12. (3) Meanwhile, feroboam, having a
¦double number of troops, furrounds Abijah' s army,
and puts them into great terror and diftrefs ; 13, 14.
(4) In their d'Jlrefs they cry unto the Lord for help,
and obtain a moft remarkable viclory, with part of
the Ifraelites' territory; 14 — 19. (5) In confe
quence of this, Jeroboam' s fpirits continued under a
depreffton till he died; Abijah waxed mighty, and his
family increafed-; 20 — 22.
NOW a in the eighteenth year of king '^"-is
Jeroboam began Abijah to
over Judah.
2 He reigned three years in Jerufalem.
His mother's name alfo was ,J Michaiah
the daughter of Uriel of c Gibeah
d there was war between Abijah and Jero- <iseedi.u.,s.
boam. 3 And Abijah *fet the battle in array *«=b-^^'»^"<
with an army of valiant men of war, even
e four hundred thoufand chofen men :
Jeroboam alfo fet the battle in array
againft him with eight hundred thoufand
chofen men, being mighty men of valour.
4 ^[ And Abijah ftood up upon mount
f Zemaraim, which is in mount Ephraim,
and faid, g Hear me, thou Jeroboam, and e^%?'A
all Ifrael ;

reign

b Or Maachah. Ch.
II. 20. 1 Kin. 15. 2.

AndCJ,u8d^'4-J*

eCh. T4.9.&17. li
—18. I Chr., 21. 5',

f Jolh. iS. 22. Cea,
10. 18. 2 Sam.
20.7.
Komi 12. iS.

removed, or have their nature altered into tokens of kindnefs. And
it is a great mercy to a finful people if God but grant a partial
deliverance. It is well if the guilt be removed, though we ihould
fmart in the flefh for it. They, who reckon God an hard mafter,
and his fervice burdenfome, will find the flavery and wages of
their lufts but a miferable exchange. It is far more honourable
and fafe to endure the utmoft hardfhips in obeying God than to
rifle the punifhments of difobedience. But how eafily God can
reftrain the fury of the moft outrageous conquerors by his invifi
ble arm, and fet limits to their ravages ! And happy is it when,
in evil times, he preferves a remnant far himfelf. Judgments,
which make us to learn righteo-fnefs, are mercies in difg'uife.
But, if our heart be not engaged in the fervice of God, all is
naught. They, who never had their heart fixed to him, ani
never made real religion their principal bufinefs, are eafily drawn
to any thing evil. Though God's judgments may force men to
their prayers, nothing but almighty grace can convert them to
himfelf. And, alas ! how many in his church do but cumber the-
ground while they live, and in a moment go down to their grave !

Abijah wars with Jeroboam.

CHAP. XIII.

His contjuefis and family.

Before Chrift
95«-
iPiSam. 16. iz, it-
aSara. 7. 12—16.
Pf. 132. 12.
iNum18.19.E2ek. 43.24. 1.0. ss per-
petaal one, oi
friendlhip.

ti, 1 Kin. 11.26. &
12. so, 27. ch. x.

IJurlg.9.4.8: ii- 3-
job. 10.8. Deut.13.
13, Prov. 13. 20.

m Ch. 12. 13- Eccl.
10. 16. If- 3- 4-
1 Cor. 14. 20.
Eph. 4. 14.
11 Ch. II- 1-4-
oCh.g.8.lCrir. 17.
14. & 28. 5. 5s 29.
23. Pf. 82. 1.
plf.31.1,3. Pf. 31-
16. I Sam. 4. 3,5.
I Kin. 11.25. Hof.
8.6.

4 Ch. 11- 14,1$.

r 1 Kin. 12. 31. &
13-33-

5 Heb. to fit his hand.
Exod. 29. J, Lev.
». 1.

t Exod. iri.^— 7,ch.
11. 16, 17. Sc 12. 6.

Ilfxod. xxix Num.
18. 1 — 7. Be iii. iv,
viii. 1 Chr. xxiii
—xxvi.
XC„l.4.EH>d.zg. 35-42.

J tcv. 24. 6. Exod.
25. 30.

% Exod. 27. 20, 21,
«r. 24. 3.

aDem.2a4.Ff.20, \f?*- *i:h 6-

5 Ought ye

Horn. 8, 3

¦5- h °-
i.lf.41,

not to know that the
Lord God of Ifrael h gave the kingdom
over Ifrael to David for ever, even to him
and to his fons by ; a covenant of fait ?
6 Yet Jeroboam the fon of Nebat, the
fervant of Solomon the fon of David, is
rifen up, and hath k rebelled againft his
lord. 7 And there are gathered unto him
1 vain men, the children of Belial, and
have ftrengthened themfelves againft
Rehoboam the fon of Solomon, when
Rehoboam was m young and tender
hearted, and "could not withftand them.
8 And now ye think to withftand °the
kingdom of the Lord in the hand of the
fons of David ; and ye be p a great mul
titude, and there are with you golden
calves, which Jeroboam made you for
gods. 9 qHave ye not caft out the priefts of
the Lord, the fons of Aaron, and the
Levites, and have ' made you priefts after
the manner of the nations of other lands ?
fo that, whofoever cometh s to confecrate
himfelf with a young bullock and feven
rams, the fame may be a prieft of them
that are no gods.
10 But as for us, 'the Lord is our
God, and we have not forfaken him ;
and the priefts which minifter unto the
Lord are u the fons of Aaron, and the
Levites wait upon their bufinefs :
11 xAnd they burn unto the Lord
every morning and every evening burnt-
facrifices and fweet incenfe : the y fhew-
bread alfo fet they in order upon the pure
table ; and z the candleftick of gold with
the lamps thereof, to burn every evening :
for we keep the charge ofthe Lord our
God ; but ye have forfaken him.
12 And, behold, God himfelf is with
us a for our captain, and his priefts with

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — What multitudes do/wicked
princes render fuib'fervient to their lufts ! Before men proceed to
"ie extremies of war, every peaceable method of accommodation
ought to be tried ; as,, at leaft, all the death on the one fide is
murder, and often fo on both. Many can talk finely of God and
his fervice, who have no heart love to them, or any correfpondent
P.ra&ice. What an advantage In war is it to have a righteous
«ufe and a powerful, and gracious God on our fide, and when we

Before Chrift
9.5R.

youagainft the

cAits 5. 39, J0I19, 4.
Sc as. 2. I Cor. 10.

djofh. 8. 4. Judg. 20.
29, 33, 37. Prov.
21. 30, 31. Jer. 4,
22,

e Exod. 14. 10, ir.
ch. 14. 9. Pf. 50.
J5. 1 Kin. 22. 32.

b founding trumpets to cry alarm againft
O children of Ifrael, c fight ye not b n™. io. 9. &
Lord God of your fathers ;
for ye fhall not profper.
12 % But Jeroboam caufed d an am-
bufhment to come about behind them :
fo they were before Judah, and the am-
bufhment was behind them.
14 And, when Judah looked back, be
hold, the battle was before and behind :
and they e cried unto the Lord, and the
priefts founded with the trumpets.
15 Then the men of Judah gave a
fhout : and, as the men ofjudah fhouted,. ¦
it came to pafs that God fmote Jeroboam
and all Ifrael before Abijah and judah;
16 And the children of Ifrael fled<
before Judah : and God delivered them-
into their hand.
17 And Abijah and his people flew'
them with a great flaughter: fo there
fell down- flain of Ifrael f five hundred "ft^&gg
thoufand chofen men.
18 Thus the children of Ifrael were
s brought under at that time, and
children of Judah prevailed, becaufe they
h relied upon the Lord God of
fathers.

if. 10. 16 — 19.

fL. g Heb. humbled.
U1C judK. 8. 28. Pf.
IC6.-42.'

t h Pl r hi Chi1. 5. 20. a'Kin. -
LUCU 18. 5. Pf. 22.-4.
Dan. 3. 28.- .Lev.
26. 7, 8. Deut.
1 9 And Abijah 5 purfued after Jero- if6'
kBeth-

boam, and took cities from him
el with the towns thereof, and Jefhanah
with the towns thereof, and ' Ephraim
with the towns thereof.
20 Neither did Jeroboam recover ftrength
again inthe days of Abijah : and the Lord
roftruck him, and he died.
5[ But Abijah waxed mighty, and

Jofh. 10. 19.
kCei. T2. 8. Jofh 8.
9. 1 Kin. 12. 29.

21

IJohn. u. 54. ch 15,
8. zSam. sr. 23.

m z Sam. 25. 3$.
Ezek. 24.16. I Kin.
14. 20. & 15

and

begat

married n fourteen wives,
twenty and two fons and fixteen -daugh
ters. 22 And the reft of the acts of Abijah, ,
and his ways, and his layings-, are writ
ten in the "rftory of the prophet °Iddo.-

15-9-
n Dent. 17, 77: ch.
II. 21.

935*
t "OI -commentary.
oCh. 12.15. Sc 9.29.

evidence it by not forfaking him, but by cleaving to his minifters
and ordinances! But dangerous is their cafe who have ambition^
that cannot be fatisfied, and who are emboldened by mere fuccefs I >
'Profperous iniquity is but a fhort-lived joy; They, who have
God their enemy, will find all human efforts in vain. And the
fair warnings, that render them inexcufable in their obftinacy, .
will occafion their more diftinguifhed ruin. Flow often pri-nces
are occupied in laying ambufhments of war and death, when they

Afds pious reign, and glorious

II. CHRONICLES. viflory over a million Ethiopians.

Before Chrift
955-

«i^Kin. 2.10. cr.9.
31. Sc 12. 16.

CHAP. XIV,
Here (1) Afa begins his reign in peace, piety, and
zealous reformation; I — 5. (2) To protetl his
kingdom, he fortifies his cities, and recruits his army;
6 — 8. (3) Chiefly by 'the influence of his prayers,
he obtains a glorious viclory over a prodigious hoft
of Ethiopians, and finds a great fpoil; 9 — 15.
SO Abijah a flept with his fathers, and
they buried him in the city of Da-
b1Kin.15.s-14. vid: and bAfa his fon reigned in his
ftead. In his days the land was quiet ten
years 2
and God 3 For he took away d the altars of the
ftrange gods, and the e high places, and
brake down the * images, and cut down
the

ciTfin.YS.n.&li. 33. ch. 45. z*

And Afa did
the

right

in

d I Kin. II. 7, 8. &
14. 21—24. Ezek.
20.1S. 1 Pet. 1. 18.
-e Of ftrange gods.
I Kin. 15. 14. ch.
15. 17.
* Heb. fiettues.
f Jofh. 22. 5. Gen.
18.19. ch.31. 21. &

that which c
eyes of the

images,

was good
Lord his

groves ;
And Commanded Judah to feek the

yeh-Vviii-Sii: Lord God of their fathers, and to do the

g-Ver.3,1.

tHeb.ftm-imaget.

hCh.8.2— 6. &JI.
6—12.
i Ver. 1, J. Judg. 3.
11, sp.Sc 5. 31.
Pf. 127. 1,2. Sca6.
9.-ch. 15, 15.

law and the commandment :
5 s Alfo he took away, out of all

the high
the kingdom

the
places and the
was quiet

fc Lev. 26. 1— 13-
Deut. 28. I — 14.
Sc iv— vi.

cities ofjudah,
+ images : and
before him.
6 % And h he built fenced cities in
Judah : i for the land had reft, and he
had no war in thofe years ; becaufe the
Lord had given him reft.
7 Therefore he faid unto Judah, Let
us build thefe cities, and make about
them walls and towers, gates and bars,
while the land is yet before us ; k becaufe
we have fought the Lord our God, we

given

us
and

ICh. 11. 1. &13. 3.
Sc 25. y. But all
this ftrcncth Is
foon tried. .

have fought him, and he hath
reft on every fide. So they built
profpered. 8 % And Afa had 1 an army of men that

bare targets and fpears ; out of Judah
three hundred thoufand, and out of Ben
jamin, that bare fhields and drew bows,
two hundred and fourfcore thoufand ; all
thefe were mighty men of valour.
9 % m And there came out againft
them Zerah the Ethiopian with an hoft
of a "thoufand thoufand and three hun
dred chariots ; and came unto Marefhah.
10 Then Afa went out againft him,
and they fet the battle in array in the
valley of "Zephathah at Marefhah.
1 1 And Afa p cried unto the Lord his
God, and faid, Lord, i it is nothing
with thee to help, whether with many,
or with them that have no power:' help
us, O Lord our God ; for r we reft on
thee, and in thy name we go againft this
multitude. O Lord, thou art our God;
let not man prevail againft thee.
1 2 So the Lord " fmote the Ethiopians
before Afa, and before Judah ; and the
Ethiopians fled.
13 And Afa and the people that were
with him purfued them unto ' Gerar-:
and the Ethiopians were overthrown, that
they could not recover themfelves ; for
they were deftroyed u before the Lord,
and before his hoft ; and they carried
away very much fpoil.
1 4 And they fmote all the cities round
about Gerar;, for the xfear of the Lord
came upon them : and they fpoiled all
the cities, for there was exceeding much
fpoil in them.
1 5 They fmote alfo the tents of cattle,
y and carried away fheep and camels in
abundance, and returned to Jerufalem.

Before Chrin
about 945,

mCh.j6.8.1f,i8,t. Ezek. 33. 5. YVll»,
had latelyuibdacd
Egypt.
nCh. 13. 3.& 17.14
-18. Pf.j3.16.

o Jolh. ij, 44. -Mic.
1. 15. Judg. j. 17.
P Exod, 14. 15, ch.
13.14.Pf.srj. 15.
&9'-»5.&i3<!.t.
q 1 Sam. 14. 6. Pf.
62.11, Rom. 8, 31,

r 1 Sam. 17. 45, Pf,
22. 4. &2. 11. &
34. 8. & 118. ic—
13. ch. 20. 12. &
16. 8. Prov. 18.10.
Jer. 32. 17. Afts
q. 4. If. 41.10 — 16.
Rom. 8. 31.
s Ch. 13. 15. & 29.
22. Lev, 26. 7, 8.
Deut. 28. 7. jolh.
23. 9, 10. ch. 16. 8.

(Gen. 20. 1.&26. It
So nth- weft of
Canaan.

uPf.46.9-ch.13.TO, Job 4. 9 & 0.4, 13.
&,5. M—iS.

x Gen. 35. 5- ch. 17.
10. & 20. 29. Jolh.
5.1.&1.9111. Deut. 2. sc.ee It.
25. 1 Chr. 14. 17.

y iChr.4.4o,4i-&
5. 21. Num. 31.9.

more glorious.
not be moved

fhould be treating of folid and lafting peace! But earneft fupplica-
tions to God are more powerful than- carnal ftratagems: and he
often lets his people fall into the moft imminent danger, to awaken
their cries, exercife their faith, and make their deliverance the
But, if we are enabled to truft in him, we fhall
The prayer of faith and fhouts of viftory are
infeparabie. Civil wars and difputes among brethren are generally
the. moft bitter. and bloody: and what multitudes of fouls doth a
furious war hurry headlong and thoughtlefs into an eternal ftate,
and moft of. them into the depths ©f hell ! Nor can the mightieft
efcape the ftrokes of God's wrath and darts of death.
Reflections upon Chap. XIV.— What a mercy to a church
a>id nation are pious and reforming princes ! And it is comely and
3

pleafing when thofe, who attempt to reform others, fhew them
felves proper patterns of virtue and devotion : when they adl with
due patience and prudence, as well as holy zeal ; feeking to draw
men from their abominationr, without offering violence to their
perfons. However difficult or dangerous it may appear to reprefs
the torrent of iniquity, zeal for God, and dependance on his affift
ance, will work wonders. Nay, when princes act with due fteadi-
nefs and zeal in the fuppreiTion of profanenefs and idolatry, they
often find lefs difficulty than they at firft imagined. Men's con
fciences fide with the reforming laws, even while their inclinations
are againft them. Outward peace and profperity muft be con-
fidered as a great mercy. And this reward of fidelity to, and truft
in, God, fhould be improved to promote true religion : yet in the
moft profound peace it is proper to prepare for war: the clouds

Encouraged. by Azariah, Afa further CHAP. XV- reforms his fubjecls: covenants with God.

aiSam.23. 2. Ezek
j. 14. 2 Pet. I. 21

Before Chrift
W' CHAP. XV.
Here, ( 1 ) While Afa and his troops return trium
phant, and laden with booty, the prophet Azariah
inftigates and encourages them to perfetl their re
formation; I — 7. (2) Animated therewith, Afa
and his fubjecls remove the idols which remained in
the land ; 8 : and, having facrificed part of their
fpoil; 9 — 11: dedicate themfelves to God by folemn
covenant; and agree that, according to God's law,
obftinate idolaters Jhall be put to death ; 1 2 — 15. The
court is purged, and Maachah, the queen mother, de
pofed for her idolatry; 16. The dedicated things
are laid up in the temple; 18. But ftill the high
places, erecled in Solomon's old age, remain; if.
(3) Great peace attends this reformation; 19.
AND a the Spirit of God came upon
Azariah the fon of Oded :
* nets. uf.re Afa. 2 And he went out * to meet Afa, and
faid unto him, Hear ye me, Afa, and all
*?(£.¦£*&¦ Judah and Benjamin ; The b Lord is
with you while ye be with him ; and,
cV_"ci,it^";37' c if ye feek him, he will be found of you ;
Siij.V„.g- but, dif ye forfake him, he will forfake
4 1 Chr. 18. g. a Kin. VOU.
ii. 14. ch.24. io. J
Jf'9'"luti 2 Now for e a long feafon Ifra-1 hath
'^ifsci's-'i.' been without the true God, and without
a teaching prieft, and without law.
4 But, f when they in their trouble did
turn unto the Lord God of Ifrael, and
fought him, he was found of them.
5 And in thofe times there was g no
peace to him that went out, nor to him
that came in, but great vexations were
upon all the inhabitants of the countries.
'6 And h nation was + deftroyed of
nation, and city of city : for God did vex
*"'"• them with all adverfity.
'KS** 7 ^e ye ftrong therefore, and let not
iM'iEo'Deu'?' y°ur hands be weak; for your work
Bi'VSi1-4-' k Aall be rewarded.
*-iw,.Eph. g .^ And^ when Afa heard th.fe wordSt
'^sjt iie^li. and the prophecy of ' Oded the prophet,
is'-'iK.^"™. he took courage, and put away the
m abominable idols out of all the land of
and out of the

TJudg.i.g,T5.&io, 10, 16. 1 Sam. 7. 4.

J Judg. 5.6. &vi. x.
I Sam. xiii. ch.12.
15. Sc xiii.

'It Ch. 12. 15.-&1I3.
17. 11. 10. 5, Amos
3.6.

IVer.l,

titteb; abominations, -r
2Km.23.13. Judah and Benjamin,
nch.,3.,,. cities "which he had taken from mount
•». 4. ,.&„„. Ephraim, and renewed the "altar of the

Before Chrift
945-

Lord that was before the porch of the
Lord. 9 And he gathered p all Judah. and p -«!!*. ii.'*'9,
Benjamin, and the ftrangers with them
out of Ephraim and Manaffeh, and out
of Simeon : for they fell to him out of
Ifrael in abundance, when they faw that
the Lord his God was with him.
10 So they gathered themfelves toge- 940.
ther at Jerufalem in the q third month, in qEtu.8.9.
the fifteenth year of the reign of Afa.
11 And they r offered unto the Lord 3H"€v:
+ the fame time, of the fpoil which they t nfl*^ „, "
had brought, feven hundred oxen and
feven thoufand fheep.
1 2 And they s entered into a covenant '*?£?£,l\£'it
to feek the Lord God of their fathers iJ'ia^piP'nor
with all their heart and with all their ^s"5
foul ;

13 That t whofoever would not feek

tExod. 22. 20. Deut.
13. 9. & 17. 5. &
20. J7>

14. 6, 7.
z 1 Kin. 15. 13. ch.
14. 1, 5. Deut. 33.
9- « 13-6,8.

the Lord God of Ifrael fhould be put to
death, whether fmall or great, whether
man or woman.
14 And they u fware unto the Lord * Jgtf&nS!'
with a loud voice, and with fhouting,
and with trumpets, and with cornets.
1 5 And all x Judah rejoiced at the oath : x j^**.1* £
for they had fworn with all their heart,
and fought him with their whole defire ;
and he 7 was found of them: and the ^fif^'sT^
Lord gave- them reft round about.
1 6 <j[ And alfo concerning * Maachah
the a mother of Afa the king, he removed
hr t 1 r Ji 1 J a Grandmother.
er from being queen, becaufe fne had iKin. 15.2,10.
made an H idol in a grove: and Afa cut nHeb- bmm*
down her idol, and ftamped it, and
burned it at the brook b Kidron. b 1 Kin- *i- 4>&\ u;
17 But the c high places were not ^T^tte^'
taken away out of Ifrael: neverthelefs, ^^.Sil:
the heart of Afa was perfetl: all his days, i+icii:.,'..:,.
18 «J And he brought d into the houfe "£" •7¦S,•&,I'
of God the things that his father had
dedicated, and that he himfelf had dedi
cated ; filver, and gold, and veffels.
19 And there was no more war unto

Twill return after the rain. God often tries his people with great
'danger and diftrefs while they are proceeding in their duty in the
work of reformation: but there is no craft or might that can pre
vail againft the Lord their God. And in fuch cafes he is ready
toanfwer their prayer of faith, and grant them an eafy vidtory over
Vol. I.

their enemies, fpiritual or temporal. But how dreadful is the
guilt of princes who rafhly hurry multitudes of their fubjecls into
ruin, death, and hell ! Often they, who affift the Lord's enemies
againft his people, fhare in their juft punifhments: and the wealth
ofthe finner is laid up for the juft.
4N

Afds war-, finful league with Benhadad', II. CHR O N I C L E S, rage againfi reproof', and death.

Before Chrift
940.'
* Till the end of.
e Kingdom. iKin.
15.16, 32.

* the five and thirtieth year of the e reign
of Afa.

CHAP.

XVI.

939-
Vix,, From the rend
ing of the ten
tribes from Judah,
over which Ala
was now king.
a 1 Kin. 15.17—22.
Sc 12. 27. ch. 1 1. 16.
b I Sam. 7. 17.

C2Kin. 12. 18. &16.
IS. & 18. 15.

• Heb. Darmcfei.
d Judg. 2. 2. If. 31. 2
, U Z. 12.

1 1 Tim. 6. 10.
friets.which were his.

f 1 Kin. 15. ao. 8c 9,
19. 2 Kin. 15. 29,

935-

£ I-Kin. 15. 22.

Reprefents the latter end of Afa' s reign as worfe than
the beginning. Here is ( 1 ) His foolijh and finful
league tvith Ben-hadad king of Syria againft Baajha
and the Ifraelites; 1 — 6. (2) God's rebuke of
him for this by Hanani, and his perfecution of the
prophet for his faithfulnefs ; 7 — 10. (3) His fick
nefs; bad behaviour in it; death, and honourable
burial; II — 14.
N the fix and thirtieth year of the reign
of Afa a Baafha king of Ifrael came
up againft Judah, and built b Ramah, to
the intent that he might let none go out
or come in to Afa king of Judah.
2 Then c Afa brought out filver and
gold out of the treafures of the houfe of
the Lord and of the king's houfe, and
fent to Ben-hadad king of Syria, that
dwelt at * Damafcus, faying,
3 'there is d a league between me and
thee, as there was between my father
and thy father : behold, I have fent thee
filyer and gold ; go, break thy league
with Baafha king of Ifrael, that he may
depart from me.
4 And Ben-hadad e hearkened unto
king Afa, and fent the captains of + his
armies againft the cities of Ifrael ; and
• they fmote f Ijon, and Dan, and Abel-
maim, and all the ftore cities of Naph
tali. 5 And it came to pafs, when Baafha
heard it, that he left off building of Ra
mah, and let his work ceafe.
6 Then g Afa the king took all Judah ;
and they carried away the ftones of Ra
mah,' and the timber thereof, wherewith

Before. Chrift
935-

Reflect.ons upon Chap. XV. — Let me obferve that God
grants peace and victory to his people to animate them to their
duty; that none ever frek him in vain; but that the cafe of
churches and nations is extremely bad v/hen God forfakes them ;
and that the hurt which we or others have fuftained by fin ought
to deter us from it. God's work muft be done with unanimity,
cheerfulnefs, and refolution; and we muft draw as many as we
can into it. He muft be ferved with the firft and beft of what
providence brings to our hand. And all our religious performances
are to no purpofe except they be hearty and fincere. Notwith-
ftandina; the high obligations of God's law on our confciences to
the whole of our duty, it is often neceiTary that we bind our fouls
to it by bonds, oaths, and covenants, with God, in order to fortify
us againft temptation, and engage us to hoiinefs ; or to renew
8

Baafha was building; and he built there
with h Geba and Mizpah.
7 f And at that time 'Hanani the feer ..^
came to Afa king of Judah, and faid 1&M-«- '
unto him, k Becaufe thou haft relied "ir.Ji.i.i«.,7.s.
on the king of Syria, and not relied on
the Lord thy God, therefore is the hoft
of the king of Syria efcaped out of thine
hand. 8 Were not ' the Ethiopians and the 1cb.14.j-12,
Lubims + a huge hoft, with very many *Hcb' ""»*»'«•
chariots and horfemen ? yet, becaufe thou
didft rely on the Lord, he delivered them
into thine hand.
9 For the m eyes of the Lord run to m3j0°^;*I,,|!j£
and fro throughout the whole earth, n to iiel0-^.'6^-
fhew himfelf ftrong in the behalf of them nV£sfg\*-g.
whofe heart is perfetl toward him. Herein . z- s\
thou "haft done foolifhly : therefore from "^tiS.'S;
henceforth thou fhalt have wars. 1~""
10 Then Afa was * wroth with the ^*«b-"^
feer, and put him in 1 a prifon houfe ; icsh_.8*f^er,1°'
for he was in a rage with him becaufe of
this thing. - And. Afa II opprefled fome of IIHeb- mf,,d-
the people rthe fame time. %^.?fK*
11 ^[And, s behold, the adls of Afa, »,4*£*gi
firft and laft, lo, they are written in the
book of the kings of Judah and Ifrael.
1 2 And Afa, in the thirty and ninth
year of his reign, was"' difeafed in his
feet, until his difeafe was exceeding grra/:
yet in his difeafe he " fought not to the " ^Ktl"'
Lord, but to the phyficians.
13 ^[ And Afa flept with his fathers, 9*4-
and died in the one and fortieth year of
his reign.
14 And they buried him in his own
fepulchres, which he had * made for him- **fc'*9*

27. 7. Sc zi. 26. *.
32. 32. &33.18.&
35. 27. Sc 36. &
916.
t Job 14. 1. Deut. 2S.
22. ch. 21. 18, 19.
Sc 24. 25.

thofe public covenants into which our fathers entered themfelves
and us. Public covenanting with God is of great ufe in times of
reformation ; and ought always to be grounded on the covenant
of grace and the great facrifice of Jefus Chrift; performed with
much knowledge, faith, integrity, delight, and cheerfulnefs ; and
nothing engaged to in it but what is plainly warranted by God.
It is both an honour and happinefs for nations to be under fuch
vows. And great care, faithfulnefs, and impartiality, ought to be
exercifed in extirpating idolatry, and in punifhing obftinate idola
ters for their treasonable rebellion againft God, the King of kings..
National piety procures national happinefs ; ye,t none experience
the real pleafures of religion but fuch as are fincere and upright
in it: to fuch, though they be not finlefs, God's fervice brings its
own comfort and reward along with it.

Jehojhaphat's care to reform his

16.1.

IJ. * V- 33-

*%?'* felf in the city of David, and laid him
* cm. 50. ». Ma* -in the bed which was filled with x fweet
odours and divers kinds of fpices prepared
by the apothecaries' art : and they made
m > «• a very great y burning for him.
CHAP. XVII.
Here Afa is fucceeded by Jehojhaphat, his pious fion.
Here is (1) His acceffion to, and eftablifhment on,-
the throne; 1,2,5. (2) His perfional piety ; 3,4,
6. (3) His labour, by the princes and -Levites, to
promote piety in his kingdom; 7 — 9. (4) The
mighty fiway he had among his neighbouring princes ;
IO, 11. (5) The prodigious ftrength of his king
dom in garrifons and other forces; 12 — 19.

CHAP. XVII. fubjecls: his prodigious army.
chariah, and to Nethaneel, and to Mi-

a1Kin.15.24.St 22.
41. 1 Chr. 3. 10.
Mat. 1. 8.

AND * Jehofhaphat his fon reigned in
his ftead, and ftrengthened himfelf

b Ch. 11. II, 12. &
J4.7. ver. 19. ch.
M.8.

againft Ifrael.

2 And he b placed forces in all the
fenced cities of Judah, and fet garrifons
in the land of Judah and in the cities of
Ephraim, which Afa his father had
taken. 3 And the Lord was ^ with Jehofha
phat, becaufe he walked in the d firft ways
of his father David, and fought not unto
Baalim ;
4 But e fought to the LORD God of
his father, and walked in his command-

3.1.
ci Not 2 Sam. xi.

eCh. 14. 2. Sc tc.z.
. Luke 1.6. J Thef.
2. 10. 2 Cor. I. 12,

f,&kTs.1&'ii:.ment> and not f after the

15-34.

doings

of

l2Iam.7.25.iKin, 2. 12. Pf. 127. 1.
J Pet. '. 10.

4. 21. ch.
Mat. 6. 33.

*That is,inaienc,H-
raged.

Ifrael 5 Therefore the Lord s ftablifhed the
kingdom in his hand ; and all Judah
''•'if' brought to Jehofhaphat h prefents; and
he had riches and honour in abundance.
6 And his heart * was lifted up in the
ways of the Lord : moreover, he took
scI.i4t'ch.«^j.'away the 'high places and groves out of
Judah.
s'i- 7 <j[ Alfo, in the third year of his
*ir.49.»3-&6o.i3. reign, k he fent to his princes, even to
Ben-hail, and to Obadiah, and to Ze-

Reflections upon Chap. XVI. — The ftrongeft faith may
foon be fhaken: and unbelief will make the beft to fall into a va
riety of evils. What reliance can there be on an arm of flefh!
What enticement is there, or even hiring of men, to perjury, and
to murdering of God's people, by the plunder of his temple ! But
.oppofition to God's people, or murdering of them, though it
.ftpuld be by the hand of heathens, brings along with it the moft
: fearfuf ruin. And often, particularly in carnal expedients to ex
tricate themfelves, even good men a(ft againft their experience,
. their knowledge, and their intereft, all at once: often in pride
.they hate, and in paffion they perfeeute, their faithful reprovers ;
and even in diftrefs overlook God, and depend oh means carnal

Be'ore Chri ft
911.

chaiah, ' to teach in the cities of Judah. 1 Neh. s.7.cu. 35.3.
8 And with them he fent Levites, even
Shemaiah, and Nethaniah, and Zebadiah,
and Afahei, and Shemiramoth, and Je-
honathan, and Adonijah, and Tobijah,
and Tob-adonijah, Levites ; and with
them Elifhama and Jehoram, m priefts. m°eutcn7- ,s- Mal-
9 And they taught in Judah, and had
" the book of the law of the Lord with n ». d™.^.
them, and went about throughout all the \"& '™- '«-°™'
cities ofjudah, and taught the people.
10 f And °the fear Of the Lord * fell ° <£¦¦«¦ *•*•'<•
upon all the kingdoms of the lands that + *_««,.
were round about Judah, fo that they
made no war againft Jehofhaphat.
1 1 Alfo *fome ofthe Philiftines brought p £_> y;**-*-
Jehofhaphat prefents, and tribute filver;
and the Arabians brought him flocks,
feven thoufand and feven hundred rams,
and feven thoufand and feven hundred
he goats. 900.
12 % And Jehofhaphat q waxed great ^cil.'zl.'z).'
exceedingly; and he r built in Judah ra 8.2,6. &«.
+ caftles and cities of ftore. tor/Lw'4 7*
13 And he had 'much bufinefs in the sichr. 27.27-21.
cities of Judah : and the men of war,
mighty men of valour, were in Jerufa
lem. 14 And thefe are 'the numbers of ' GJ(f¦sy;^f¦s%,^
them according to the houfe of their '7' * 26' "i"
fathers : Of Judah, the captains of thou
fands : Adnah the chief, and with him
mighty men of valour three hundred
thoufand. _ „«.„«,«.
1 5 And - 1' next to him was Jehohanan u judg. 5. 2, ,. pr.
the captain, and with him two hundred
and fourfcore thoufand.
16 And next him was Amaziah the
fon of Zichri, u who willingly offered

no. ;. Acts 2.41.
In .ill -jc'r.yss ot
Judah, and $'d:),x>3.
ot HuJ|,-imin. The
v/li-.le" ol his lutl-
jcds could no;
tliurelore be L-f-
thau 6,cco,ooo of
men, women, and
children.

or devilifh. O what need we have to confider our ways, to keep
our heart with all diligence, and to pray for peculiar grace to keep
us to the end! All our departures from God fpring from our evil
heart of unbelief: and the very means which we ufe unlawfully to
avert trouble will bring it more heavily upon us. Sinful wifdom
will at laft appear egregious folly. PalRon, and impatience of re
proof, will iffue in bitter groans. Rewarding of God's meffen
gers with imprifonment will iflue in our own confinement on
earth or in. hell: and, if our defperate wickednefs of heart be
indulged, it will mark us with lafting fhame. But, notwithftand
ing all their fad blemifhes, the godly die in Chrift, and muft be
had in honour by their furvivors.
4N2

Before Chrift
900.

Jehojhaphat's finful alliance with Ahab
himfelf unto the Lord, and with him
two hundred thoufand mighty men of
valour. 1 7 And of Benjamin ; Eliada a mighty
man of valour, and with him armed men
with bow and fhield two hundred thou
fand. 18 And next him was Jehozabad, and
with him an hundred and fourfcore thou
fand ready prepared for the war.
19 * Thefe waited on the king, befide
thofe whom the king x put in the fenced
cities throughout all Judah.

II. -CHRONICLES.

Ahab deceived by falfe prophets.

% Ver. 2,12.

CHAP.

xvin.
-37 : and reprefents

Before Chrift
»97.

897.
a Ch. 17. 5, 12. Sc 1.
15, 1 Sam. 2. 30.
Mal. 6. 33.1 Tim.
4. 8. Prov. 10. 22.
t>2 Km. 8. 18. 2 Cor.
6. 14. Gen. 6. 2.

Coincides with I Kings xxii. ; I
( I ) Jehojhaphat' s finful affinity ivith Ahab, feafting
with him, and confenting to affift him in taking
Ramoth-gilead from the Syrians ; I — 3. (2) Their
confultation with falfe prophets, wjoo encouraged the
expedition ; and with Micaiah, who, by repfefienting '
his vifions, foretold the ruinous confluences of it.
4 — 27. (3) The iffue of the expedition is extreme
danger to Jehofhaphat, death to Ahab, and a total
rout to the Hebrew army; 28 — 34.
NOW Jehofhaphat had a riches and
honour in abundance, and bjoined
affinity with Ahab.
2 e And * after certain years he went
%*."&"£ &£: down to Ahab to Samaria. And Ahab
"" killed fheep. and oxen for him in abuii-
ycar's." " ' dance, and for the people that he had
with him, and perfuaded him to go up
with him to Ramoth-gilead.
2 And Ahab king of Ifrael faid unto
ins?: Jehofhaphat king of Judah, d Wilt thou
go with me to Ramoth-gilead ? And he
anfwered him, I am as thou art, and my
people as thy people; and we will be
with thee in the war.
4 5F And Jehofhaphat faid unto the
king of Ifrael, e Inquire, I pray thee, at
the word of the Lord to day.
5 Therefore the king of Ifrael gathered

i I Kin. 21.
ch. 19. 2.
3-7.

r J Kin. M. 4—6-
j Sam. 2;. 2, 4,9,
z Sam. 2. 1. Sc 5.
19, 2J.

together of prophets ffour hundred men,
and faid unto them, Shall we go to Ra- f,Kin. 18.19.4r
moth-gilead to battle, or fhall I forbear ?
And they faid, * Go up ; for God will '^fc-%%
deliver // into the king's hand. lutl?:™*'*
6 *|| But Jehofhaphat faid, Is there not
here a prophet of the Lord h befides, h ^li"^;
that we might inquire of him ?
7 And the king of Ifrael faid unto Je
hofhaphat, 'There is yet 'one man by i,Jf3j?0'",u-
whom we mav inquire of the Lord ; but
I hate him, "k for he never prophefieth "' 
good unto me, but always evil : the fame
is Micaiah the fon of Imla. And Jehofha
phat faid, Let not the king fay fo.
8 And the king of Ifrael called for one
of his + officers, and faid, ' Fetch quickly *
<,...; r r t 1 1 Heh.Ifajfai, iKm»
Micaiah the fon of Imla. "-9-
9 And the king of Ifrael and Jeho
fhaphat king of Judah fat either of them
on his throne, clothed in their robes, and
they fat in a ra void place at the entering "gg? *"*
in of the gate of Samaria ; and all the
prophets prophefied before them.
i o And Zedekiah the fon of Chenaa-
nah had made him " horns of iron, and aJ%%£H&£
faid, Thus faith the Lord, With thefe ,Ki"'"'"-
thou fhalt pufh Syria until they be con
fumed. 1 1 And all the prophets prophefied fo,
faying, ° Go up to Ramoth-gilead,
profper: for the Lord fhall deliver it

with i Kin. iS. 17.
& 21. 20. & 22. ij.

f Or eunuchs'.

1 01 Kin. 22.12. Prov.-
ailG 24. 24, 25. ver. 32
— 34. 2 Pet. 2. 1.
Jude 16. Rev. 16.
13, 14. Sc 22. 8.

into the hand of the king.
1 2 And the meffenger that went to call
Micaiah fpake to him, faying, Behold,
the words of the prophets declare good to
.,. ., *¦ L ~. . . ° . p Heb. vnth one
the king pwith one aftent: let thy word ™m*.j Km. 22.13.
therefore, I pray thee, be like one. of
their's, and fpeak thou good.
13 And Micaiah faid, As the Lord qJ„.1j.i«.&4>
liveth, 1 even what my God faith, that +.*¦ $«¦ *5; .'-
' J- '¦ Eaek. 2. 7- *¦ i-
will I fpeak. _>£_** *7*

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — How glorious it is when
remarkable piety and profperity are lo connected that they promote
one another, and outward wealth and greatnefs lift up the heart to
God ! — when kings at the fame time promote religion and advance
the civil power of the nation ! — when the perfonal piety cf princes,
and their zeal for reforming others, are equally coiifpicuous! —
and when minifters and magiftrates heartily concur in promoting
the knowledge and fear of Godi Religion is a reafonable fervice;
and, in promoting reformation, we muft begin with inftru&ion in

the truths of God as laid down in his word. No dictates of men,
but the lively oracles of God, muft be produced as the ground of,
what we inculcate. What a powerful protection to nations is
the terror of God imprefied on their neighbours and enemies f No
armed hofts are comparable to it. To what prodigious numbers
had the Hebrews increafed, had not their fin prevented it! and
marvellous was the providence of God in maintaining fuch mul
titudes in fo fmall a country as the lots of. Judah and Ben
jamin! 6

Micaiah imprifoned; Jehofhaphat
Befo^ chnii ^ ^ And, when he was come to the
"king, the king faid unto him, Micaiah,
fhall we go to Ramoth-gilead to battle,
T^y-ȣ or ^11 I forbear? And he faid, r Go ye
jK,n.i8.27.& up? . and profper, and they fhall be deli
vered into your hand.
1 5 ^[ And the king faid to him, How
B,sam.,4.24.&;. many times fhall I s adjure thee that thou
17. Mat. 26. 63. r J . . J .
fay nothing but the truth to me in the
name of the Lord ?
16 Then he faid, I did fee all Ifrael
^ts'thUV:^; fcattered upon the mountains, as c fheep
kciTiaj.2' that have no fhepherd : and the Lord
faid, Thefe have no mafter; let them
return therefore every man to his houfe
in peace. 17 And the king of Tfrael faid to
Jehofhaphat, Did I not tell thee that he
% or buffer mi. would not prophefy good unto me, + but
evil ?
1 8 Again he faid, Therefore hear the
'X'^VVk wom °f tne Lord; I faw "the Lord
P'.Kinllts fitting upon his throne, and all the hoft
of heaven ftanding on his right hand and
on his left.
19 And the Lord faid, Who fhall
entice Ahab king of Ifrael, that he may
go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead ? And
one fpake, faying, after this manner, and
another faying after that manner.
2.0 Then there came out a x fpirit, and
¦i.ohef.2.9,,,. ^00(j before t]-,e Lord, and faid, I will
entice him. And the Lord faid unto
him, Wherewith?
2 1 And he faid, I will go out, and be
tjS-:""„*z42' y a tymo Ipirit m the mouth of all his
"¦ *>-*¦* prophets. And the LORD faid, Thou
fhalt entice him, and thou flialt alfo pre-
*2PTlie?2?'lc!,7m VaU: Z g° 0Ut> and d° eVe}l *°*
22 Now therefore, behold, the Lord
''ttlzet'llc?' ahath put a lying fpirit in the mouth of
g'R'om!',^ thefe thy prophets, and the Lord hath
fpoken evil againft thee.
23 f Then Zedekiah the fon, of Che-
*%'&ms?%\ naanah came near, and b fmote Micaiah
.«?°24'.,z'7,,Ki":upon the cheek, and faid, Which way
went the Spirit of the Lord from me to
fpeak unto thee ?
*£*£*£ 24 And Micaiah faid, Behold, e thou
fhalt fee on that day when thou fhalt

CHAP. XVIII.

endangered; and Ahab killed.

It Job 1. 6. Sc z. 1.
2 Cor. 12. 7. & 2.

go into d an inner chamber to hide thy
felf.

Before Chrift
897.

dlieb. mLunbc-r hia
25 Then the king of Ifrael faid, e Take »-T& 1&5'.
ye Micaiah, and carry him back to Amon "iTi£fZt<Z%
the governor of the city, and to Joafh the
king's fon ;
• 26 And fay, Thus faith the king, Put
this fellow in the f prifon, and s'feed him f*r: f '*¦ Mat-
with bread of affliction and with water g1Kin.22.27.if.30. 20. Ps. 80. 6.
of affliction, until I return in peace.
27 And Micaiah faid, h If thou cer- "Te&l44-
tainly return in peace, then hath not
the Lord fpoken by me. And he faid,
1 Hearken, all ye people. ' £?,,¦£ ]££
28 f So the king of Ifrael and Jeho- *9' ,Ki"' "'"'
fhaphat the king of Judah went up ta
Ramoth-gilead. 29 And the king of Ifrael faid unto
Jehofhaphat, k I will difguife myfelf, ^fS%f:t\f.
and will go to the battle; but put thou ?z\Td%Viu'
on thy robes. So the king of Ifrael
difguifed himfelf; and they went to the
battle. 30 Now the king of Syria had com
manded the captains of the chariots that
were with him, faying, Fight ye not
with fmall or great, 'fave only with the * Horrid .mrm;.
O ' J tnde. 1 Kin. 20. 32
king of Ifrael. ?;t. W^\t 6"
31 And it came to pafs, when the
captains of the chariots faw Jehofhaphat,
.that they faid, It is the king of Ifrael.
Therefore they m compafled about him mProv.9.6.&ij.-
to fight: but Jehofhaphat "cried out, n*°'odI4 TJ ^
and the Lord helped him; and God I4' "¦ K 5a "•
0 moved them to depart from him. 0 cen. 22.14. pr.46.
32 For it came to pafs that, when Si- *¦£-¦! «'.»?''
the captains of the chariots perceived
that it was not the king of Ifrael,
they turned back again H from purfuing mh,fnmafierhi»t.
him. 22 % And a certain man drew a bow
Pat a venture, and fmote the king of p Heb. m Kr/^;;-
. . <-ii r nJ7.1Sn1n.15.il.
Ifrael * between the joints of the harneis : Pr°v-«s-9>33.
1 - .- -¦ /- • -i , 1 • 1 • . * Heb. between tht
therefore he faid to his chariot man, joint, «ndb,tv.;m
Turn thine hand, that thou mayeft
carry me out of the hoft, for I am
'f wounded. + Heb- ™-«m
34 1 And the battle increafed that day : a iKin. „, 3J,
howbeit, the king of Ifrael ftayed himfelf
up in his chariot againft the Syrians until

¦Jehofhaphat reforms:

II. CHRONICLES.

his kingdom.

Bcforearift ^ ev£n . ^ft ^q^ ^g (-^g Qf J-^g fun

S Ch. 18. it, 3».
Hab. 3.2.If.l7.S.
Jer.- io. 24.

b 1 Kin. t6. i, 7. trh,
16.7.4:20.34,37.

c Pf. 15. 4. Prov. I.
10 — 19. Sc 9, 6. Sc
13. 20. ch. 2Q-. 37.
& 16. 7—9. & 24.
40. 1 Kin. 11. 9—
II.

d Ch. 17. 1, 4, 6. Sc
12. 12. Neh. 9. 8.
Lulce 12. 43.

eCh.T2.14.ci 27.*.
Ezra 7. 10. If. 3«.
3. Deut. 4. 29. Jer.
29. 12 — 14.
• Heb. he returned
and went out.
f IKin. 19. 1.&4.
25. ch. 13. 19.
^ Ch. xiv. xv. xvii,
xxix — xxxii.
xxxiv. xxxv.
ll Deut. 16. 18, 19.
ch. 17. 2, 19.

I Dent. 1 17. Pf. 82.
1—6. Eccl. 5. 8.
Neh. 5. 15.

soing down he died.
CHAP. XIX.
Here, (i) Upon Jehojhaphat's return to Jerufalem,
he is fharply reproved by Jehu, ' a prophet, fon of
Hanani, for connecting himfelf with Ahab; and is
encouraged to proceed in reforming his fubjecls; I — 3.
(7.) Hereupon he again traverfes his kingdom, and
reduces them to the worjhip of God; 4: appoints
proper judges for the maintenance of religion and
piety ; and folemnly charges them to attend their
duty; 5 — 11.
AND Jehofhaphat the king of Judah
returned to his houfe a in peace to
Jerufalem. 2 And b Jehu the fon of Hanani the
feer went out to meet him, and faid to
king Jehofhaphat, c Shouldeft thou help
the ungodly, and love them that hate
the Lord ? therefore is wrath upon thee
from before the Lord.
3 Neverthelefs, there are d good things
found in thee, in that thou haft taken
away the groves out of the land, and
haft e prepared thine heart to feek God.
4 <j[ And Jehofhaphat dwelt at Je
rufalem: and * he went out again through
the people ffrdm Beer-fheba to mount
Ephraim, and s brought them back unto
the Lord God of their fathers.
5 ^f And - he fet h judges in the* land
throughout all the fenced cities ofjudah,
city by city ;
6 And faid to the judges, ' Take heed

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — Marriages, founded on
pride and worldly mindednefs, bring dreadful miferies along with
them: and the ftrongeft exprefiions of friendfhip from wicked
men are to be fufpected as methods of ferving themfelves. Their
feafts, as well as their. kifles, are deceitful: and even the beft men
are apt to be enfnared by their careiTes and flattery. Often, while
fuch men ought, and profefs, to confult the Lord, they do but
realVconfult the devil and his agents. And they who are once
become familiar with the wicked muft involve themfelves in great
guilt and pollution; muft often join in a patient hearing of the
devil's preachers, and witnefs the injuries done to thofe who
are faithful to Chrift. But unhappy are thofe princes who are
furrounded with flatterers and profane clergy ! no plague is more
ruinous. Let us therefore, always ericourage friends and mini
fters to deal faithfully with us. What aftonifhing power hath
Satan, when God once gives up men to his awful delufions ! Great
multitudes, particularly of the clergy, he carries before him with
great unanimity. But hard is the fate of God's faithful fervants
under rulers who are- appftates from God, to be hated, reviled,

what ye do ; for ye judge not for man,
but for the Lord, who is with you f in
the judgment.
7 Wherefore now let the fear of the
Lord be upon you ; take heed and do //:
for there k is no iniquity with the Lord
our God, nor refpect of perfons, nor
1 taking of gifts.
8 ^[ Moreover, in Jerufalem did Jeho
fhaphat fet of the Levites, and of the
priefts, and of the chief of the fathers of
Ifrael, m for the judgment of the Lord,
and for cantroverfies, when they returned
to Jerufalem.
9 And he charged them, faying, Thus
fhall ye do m in the fear of the Lord,
faithfully, and with a perfect heart.
10 And what caufe foever fhall come to
you of your brethren that dwell in their
cities, between blood and blood, between
law and commandment, ftatutes and
judgments, ye fhall even warn them that
they trefpafs not againft the Lord, and
fo ° wrath come upon you, and upon
your brethren: this do, and ye fhall not
trefpafs. 1 1 And, behold, f Amariah the chief
prieft is over you in all 1 matters of the
Lord ; and Zebadiah the fon of Ifhmael,
the ruler of the houfe of Judah, for all
the king's matters : alfo the Levites Jhall
be officers before you. r Deal courage-
oufly, and the Lord fhall be with the

Before Chrift
897-
f Heb. in the matter
.fjudrtnm.

kDetit. 10.17.&3J.
4- Job 34. ,7,15,
Afts 10. 34. R„n,
2. n. Sc 9. 14.
Eph. 6. 9. Col, j.
*S- 1 Pet. 1. 17.
1 Exod. 23. 8. Deut,
16. 19. Prov. 17,
II, ch. 17. 8.

m Ver. 11, Afll*.
¦2, is- 1 Chi. 25,
30.-

n 2 Sam. 23. ;. Exod,
18. 21. Deut. 1.
16, 17. Sc 17.8. Ic
5. 31. & 10.12. Pf.
82. 1— 6. Eccl. s*

0 Num. 16. 46. If. J.
11. Rom. 2. 8,9.
Jolh. 22.20. E2ek,
3. 18. Hof. 5. II.

p iChr. 6. n.[Ezn
7-3.
q I Chr. 26. 39.
ver. 8.

good.

r -Heb. tale courage
and d». Jolh. 1. 61
9. 1 Chr. 22. II,
16, 19. I Cor. 16.
13. 2 Tim. 2. 1.
Eph. 6. 10,

buffeted, imprifoned, ftarved, or the like. ^ Suffering for the truth
is the hereditary portion of the honeft fervants of Chrift. Yea,
thofe godly perfons who cultivate friendfhip with the wicked muft
not wonder if their lives are fought or endangered by their means,
and their flatterers lay fnares for their life. But righteous are
the judgments of God, and exact his fulfilment of his predictions
and threatenings. Men in vain contrive to efcape when he has
determined their fall.
Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — God often deals better
with his people than they .deferve ; and brings them home in
fafety, when their apparently lefs endangered companions are fent
into death and damnation ! But they muft expect if entering into
friepdlhip with the haters of God that it will expofe them to ma
nifold fufferings on earth, though not to hell. It is an honour
when fufferings cannot difcourage minifters or their children from
faithfully reproving the greateft. And it is a great mercy for aa
offender to meet foon with a faithful reprover: and no lefs wife,
to receive fharp reproofs as a lingular kindnefs j and to improve

Jehojhaphat's kingdom is invaded by

CHAP. XX.

his enemies. Hisfafi and prayer.

Before Chrift
{196,01892,

8Pf.83.S- 8.ch.l4.
3, 10. & 32. 1. If.
7. 1. & 8. 9,10.

CHAP. XX.
tWhile Jehofhaphat labours in promoting religion and
liberty, he meets with an alarming trial, attended
•with a glorious iffue. ( 1 ) He and his kingdom are
in the moft imminent danger from a foreign inva
fion; ft, 2. (2) Their firft attempt to avert it is
by folemn fafting and fupplication to God; 3 — 13.
(3) God, by the prophet Jahaziel, affures them of a
glorious viclory and deliverance; 14 — 17. (tf) They
accept the declaration with faith and thankfulnefs ;
l8—2I. (5) Influenced by God, their enemies kill
one another, and leave them great fpoil; 22 — 25.
(6) The deliverance is acknowledged by folemn
thankfgiving to God, and fallowed by great peace to
the country; 26 — 30. (7) Jehojhaphat concludes ,
his reign without removing the high places; and,
after another finful alliance with Ahaziah, Ahab's
fon, he dies; 31 — 37.
IT came to pafs after this alfo, a that the
children of Moab, and the children
of Ammon, and with them other befide
heh. 19.2. Heb. 12. the Ammonites, came b againft Tehofha-
6. Rev. }. 19. ' a J
^tlzj.t'10' P"at to battle.
2 Then there came fome that told
Jehofhaphat, faying, There cometh a
great multitude againft thee from beyond
'^tttlifiz3: tne l*ea c on this fide Syria ; and, behold,
'•is- they be in d Hazazon-tamar, which is
Ln-gedi.
ech.i9.2.ir.7.2. 2 And Jehofhaphat e feared, and fet
»Has.hUfac * himfelf fto feek the Lord, and pro-
fcpf.V^6&i?so: claimed a faft throughout all Judah.
Viztp/h^. 4 And Judah s gathered themfelves to-
tis.m.7.6.joei,.gether to afk help of the Lord: even
_a?«M^J?" out of all the cities of Judah they came
,..- to feek the Lord.
io. a „.**_„. ^ ^ An(j Jehofhaphat h ftood in the
congregation of Judah and Jerufalem, in
the houfe of the Lord before the new
j chr court,
ViSS' 6 Arid faid, i O Lord God of our fa-
"•,; .' thers, art not thou God in heaven ? And
Sy&.'k ruleft not thou over all the kingdoms of
o. 13. Exod. i8,ir. , . 1*7
pu6.6,8,9.& the heathen? and in thine hand is there
^l&not power and might, fo that none is
».&il'i&il' able to withftand thee?
7 Art not thou l our God, + who didft

n If. 41. 8. Jam. z.
23. John 11. 11. Sc

d Gen. 14. 7. Jolh,
62. On the four.)
eaft border,

I Cen.

9- Jolh. vi— out,
t Heb. thou,

them, and the juft commendation mingled with them, in a fpeedy
returning to the Lord, and an activity in his fervice. What a
bleffing to a nation is it to -have proper courts of judicature every
Where eftablifhed, and caufes decided with the.ftriaeft impar
tiality! And great ability and integrity are neceffary to qualify
judges in either-church or ftate, as they have to anfwer to God

drive out the inhabitants of this land *,t?$?
before thy people Ifrael, and m gaveft it mCen.i2.7.&,
to the feed of Abraham thy "friend ° for ll
ever ?
8 And they dwelt therein, and have o(
p built thee a fanctuary therein for thy Pch.2.4.&6.io;
name, faying,
9 q If, when evil cometh upon us, as q%ttr7-A<,..
the fword, judgment, or peftilence, or *® '5°'
famine, we ftand before this houfe, and
in thy prefence, (for thy name is in this-
houfe,) and cry unto thee in our afflic
tion, then thou wilt hear and help.
10 And now, behold, the children of
Ammon, and Moab, and mount Seir,
whom thou r wouldeft not let Ifrael in- r nm.^i?-3*
vade when they came out of the land of
Egypt, but they turned from them, and
deftroyed them not ;
11 Behold, I fay, how s they reward 'JftSft.'S
us, to come to caft us out Of thy pof
feffion, which thou haft given us to in
herit !
12 O our God, wilt thou not 'judge '?,_#.,?.«•
them? for u we have no might againft u^' *,!"„£
this great company that cometh againft t'slW. % if "*
us; x neither know we what to do: but xPr.*s.iS.&i»i«.
'' . r, 2. & 119. 81.
our eyes are upon thee. _£• 2- *• lf- «•
13 And y all Judah ftood before the yDeut^o.ii.jon.-
Lord, with their little ones, their wives,.,
and their children.
14 f f Then upon Jahaziel the fon of z ^.y^,
Zechariah, the fon of Benaiah, the fon
of Jehiel, the fon of Mattaniah, a Levite-
of the fons of Afaph, a came th
of the Lord in the midft of the congre
gation ;
1 5 And he faid, Hearken ye, all Ju
dah, and ye inhabitants of Jerufalem,
and thou king Jehofhaphat, Thus faith
the Lord unto you, b Be not afraid nor * E*>d. u. n, n-
J - , . II. 37. 6 ver. 17.
difmay ed by reafon of this great mul- ^tl'fyffcnt
titude ; for the battle is not your's, but
c God's.

tr.

a C-.I-.If a Nam. 24. 2. St if. ,
C OJJ1I11 25.ch.24.20.

c Gained hy his
power, and for his
nonour. Ver. 22.

for all the crimes they connive at or overlook. Yea, it is needful
to keep the affairs of church and ftate duly difengaged the one from
the other. And, to render judges upright in their adminiftration,
they ought to confider God as their pattern, witnefs, .and- rewarderj
and his glory as the end of their work,.

Jehofhaphat" s miraculous viclory.

II. CHRONICLES.

Bis folemn thankfgiving.

-. Ecfore Chrift
citv$9&*
% Heb. nfccnt.

tl Or valley.

1 6 To morrow go ye down againft they were p dead bodies fallen to the earth,
them: behold, they come up by the + cliff and ''none efcaped
of Ziz ; and ye fhall find them at the

d Ver. 15, 1.1—z.i.
l-xcd. 14 it, 1-
If, »,. in. If. e;
1, 2. &41. 1".
iMim. 14, 9. ch.
15.2.

e Exod. 4. 3 t. ch. 7.
3. Gen. 47.31.
iChr. 11. 16.
Nu.n. 14. 5.

'-f rChr. xxv. & 15.
r6. & 16. 4—6. &
6- 22. & 25. 5.

g Gen. 19. 27, 28. &
21.14. &22. 3. &
28.18. Exod. 24.4.
Jndg. 20. iq. 8c
zi. A. Eccl. 9. IO.

Xl. Mark 5. 36.

end of the " brook, before the wildernefs
of Jeruel. 1 7 Ye d fhall not need to fight in this
battle: fet yourfelves,, ftand ye fill, and
-fee the falvation of the Lord with you,
O Judah and Jerufalem : fear not, nor
be difmayed; to morrow go out againft
them, for the Lord will be with you.
18 And Jehofhaphat e bowed his head
with his face to the ground: and all Ju
dah and • the inhabitants of Jerufalem
fell before -the Lord, worfhipping the
Lord. 19- And *the Levites, ofthe children
of :..the -Kohathites, and of the children
of the Korhites, ftood up to praife the
Lord God of Ifrael with a loud voice on
high. 20 ^[ And they * rofe early in the
morning, and went forth into the wil-
h2Sam. 14.2. jer. dernefs of hTekoa: and, as they went
ch.'ii'e. '' 4' s' forth, Jehofhaphat ftood and faid, Hear
me, O, Judah, and ye inhabitants of
i!^:|:|chr.1k& Jerufalem; Relieve in the Lord your
God, fo fhall you be eftablifhed ; believe
his prophets, fo fhall ye profper.
21 And, when hekhad confulted with
the people, he appointed fingers unto
the Lord, and * that fhould praife the
1 beauty of hoiinefs as they went out be
fore the army, and to fay, m Praife the
Lord, for his mercy endureth for ever.
•22 ^f And, when they began to fing
" s^SwiSdl'i!: and to praife, the Lord n fet ambufh-
ments againft the children of Ammon,
Moab, and mount Seir, who were come
fllt/""""" .againft Judah; and i' they were fmit
ten. 23 For the children of Ammon and
" j* *£!«!. 3s!* 'Moab ° ftood up againft the inhabitants of
mount Seir, utterly to flay and deftroy
them: and, when they had made an end
of the inhabitants of Seir, every one
helped * to deftroy another.
24 And, when Judah came toward the
watch tower in the wildernefs, they
looked unto. the. multitude; and, behold,

Before Chrift
cir. 892.
p Exod. 14. 13. pr,
A 1 '-1 -I - ,. 50. 22. & HO. c,
25 And, when Jehofhaphat and his 6-11-37.36.
people came to take away, the fpoil of " "nVS.wa!M
them, they found among them in abun
dance both riches with the dead bodies,
and 1 precious jewels, which they ftripped q^*^fc,

3. ij.

Chr. it. I.P
1. 14. Sc 24.

* Heb. prcifert.
1 Exod. 15. II. Tf.
27. 4. Jofll. 24. 19.
Sent. 3». .;.
Si 1 Chr. 16. 41. Pf.
J36.-I— 46.

off for themfelves, more than they could
carry away: and' they were three days
in ' gathering of the fpoil, it was fo
much. 26 % And on the fourth day they af
fembled themfelves in the valley of rBe- 'giVS
rachah ; for there they blefled the Lord :
therefore s the name of the fame place '^"kt.1?^1*
was called, The valley of Berachah unto
this day.
27 Then they returned, every man
ofjudah and Jerufalem, and Jehofhaphat
in the 'forefront of them, to go again
to Jerufalem with joy; for the Lord
" had made them to rejoice over their "^fi?*
enemies. 28 And they came to Jerufalem with
pfalteries, and harps, and trumpets, unto
the houfe of the Lord.

1 25201.5.15.^. 2.13. Heb.6,20,

on

-ii sCh, 14. 14, Gen.
all 35- S- Jolhl S- 1.
Eiod. IJ. 14-16.

29 And the x fear of God was
the kingdoms of thofe countries when they
had heard that the Lord fought againft
the enemies of Ifrael.
30 So the realm of Jehofhaphat was
quiet; for his God r gave him reft round 'fa.***-1*
about; 31 f z And Jehofhaphat reigned over «»«-«*¦*»
Judah : he was thirty and five years old
when he began to reign, and he reigned
twenty and five years in Jerufalem. And
his mother's name was Azubah the

914-

.Xrlei. for the defini
tion.

daughter of Shilhi

t^l»i4''
xvii. yds.

the fight Of b High places for;
0 worlluppins «••¦,
true God-wcie
left Handing

32 And he 'walked in the way of Afa "2K£X«
his father, and departed. not from it, do
ing that which was right iin
the Lord.
22 Howbeit, -the b high places were not 'fifijffiS
taken away; for as yet the people c had °°f^^2"
not prepared .their hearts unto the God of >**•*¦ «*S
.their fathers. '^Vm-i-i-
34 Now the reft of the acts of Jeho- ,^^_.
ihaphat, firft "and laft, behold, they are dch.n.14.***
written in the _ * book e of Jehu the fon •'«** '•'•*¦

Jehofhaphafs fhips are broken by a form. CHAP. XX. XXI.

Jehoram reigns mofi wickedly.

of Hanani, who + is mentioned in the
book of the kings of Ifrael.
25 % And after this f did Jehofliaphat
king ofjudah join himfelf with Ahaziah
king of Ifrael, who did very wickedly:
36 s And he joined himfelf with him
to make fhips to go to h Tarfhifh : and
they made the fhips in ' Ezion-geber.
37 Then Eliezer, the fon of Dodavah

Befote Chrift
896.
f Heb. was made to
ajtend.
flKin. 22. 48. ch.
19.2, 896.
.Mnsftfehilhaphal was unwilling.
iKin. 22. 49.
b 1 Kin. 10. 22.
If. xxiii,
i 1 Kin. 9. 26. Num.
33. 35. ch. 9. 17.
Deut. 2. Ii.
kch.19.2. with of Marefhah, prophefied againft Jehofha-
i^ZT.Z Phat> kying, Becaufe thou haft joined
Frfv.,9'.26.&16;!: thyfelf with Ahaziah, the Lord ' hath
».Amo.j.z.r'i. broken j-hy works. And the fhips were
broken, that they were not able to go to
Tarfhifh.
CHAP. XXI.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings viii.; 17 — 24. Here
Jehojhaphat ' s family is terribly plagued for their
alliance with Ahab' s, and his kingdom for their
mifimprovement of his reformation. ( 1 ) Jehoram
his fon, whom he had married to Ahab's daughter,
eftablifhes himfelf on the throne by murdering all
his brethren and fome other princes ; 1—4.
(2) Taking Ahab' s family for his pattern, he aban
dons himfelf to idolatry, and every thing horrid; 5,
6, 11. (3) A letter left by Elijah, the prophet, re
bukes his wickednefs, and denounces his unhappy end;
12 — 15. (4) The Edomites and Libnites revolt;
8 — 10 : and the Philiftines and Arabians ravage
his kingdom, and murder or enfiave his whole family,
except his worft wife and her fon; 16,17. (5) He
dies of an horrible difeafe, and is difgracefully buried;
18 — 20. (6) Yet the Lord, for his promife fake,
preferves the houfe of David from utter deftruc
tion; 7.
OW "Jehofliaphat flept with his
fathers, and was buried with his
fathers in the city of David : and Jehoram
his fon reigned in his ftead.
2 And he had brethren, the fons of
Jehofhaphat ; Azariah, and Jehiel, and

» 1 Kin. 22. 50.
JKJn.li.lS. ver. 4,

N'

Zechariah, and Azariah, and Michael,
and Shephatiah: all thefe were the fons
of Jehofhaphat king of Ifrael.
3 And their father b gave them great
gifts of filver, and of gold, and of pre
cious things, with fenced cities in Judah :
but the kingdom gave he to c Jehoram,
becaufe he was the d firft-born.
4 Now, when Jehoram was rifen up to
the kingdom of his father, he eftrength-
ened himfelf, and flew all his brethren
with the fword, and divers alfo of the
princes of Ifrael.
5 ^f Jehoram was thirty and two years
oldf when he began to reign, and he
reigned eight years in Jerufalem.
6 And he walked in sthe way of the
kings of Ifrael, like as did the houfe of
Ahab ; for he had the daughter of h Ahab
to wife: and he wrought that which was
evil in the eyes of the Lord.
7 Howbeit, the Lord would not de
ftroy the houfe of David, becaufe of the
covenant that he had made with David,
and as he ' promifed to give a * light to
him and to his fons for ever.
8 ^[ In his days the k Edomites revolted
from under the ''"dominion ofjudah, and
made themfelves a king.
, 9 Then Jehoram went ' forth with his
princes, and all his chariots with him:
and he rofe up by night, and fmote the
Edomites who compafled him in, and the
captains of the chariots.
10 So the Edomites revolted from
under the hand ofjudah unto this day.
The fame time alfo did m Libnah revolt

Before Chrift

b Gen. 25. 6. ch. ii.
23.

cfehoram made part
ner of the-king-
dom with his fa
ther. 2 Kin. 8.
16, 17.
d Deut. 21. 17. Gen.
4-7-

eCh. 12. 1,13. Judg.
?. 5. Hab. 2. 12.
'rov. 28. 15—17.
Sc 2g. z, c\ 10, 12.

fin confort.
2 Kill. 8. 17.
S92.
g 1 Kin. iS. ze, 30—
33. Deut. 7. 3,4.

hCh.22.». 2Kin.S.
18, 27.

i 2 Sam. 7. 12, ijs
1 Kin. n. 36.
2 Km. 8.19. p;.
132. 11. & 89. z%.
* Heb. lamp, cir
candle.
kGcn. 27. 40. 2 Kin.
8. 20 — 22.
f Heb. hand.
l2Kin,8.2I.&3. Ji-
llS.

m Jofh. 21. 13. &
IS 4»-

Reflections upon Chap; XX. — Numerous, active, and
Fubtle, are the enemies of Chrift's church : and danger is often
at hand when we leaft expe£t it: yea, even when we are moft
faithful, we are apt to be involved in great difficulties, for the trial
and honour of our faith. In danger and diftrefs, it is beft to begin
With folemn falling and fupplication to God for deliverance.
The dangers which drive us to him will never ruin us. While
we have a merciful God to flee to, we never need defpair. The
cries of the oppreffed will enter into the ears of the righteous
Judge. And, the more entirely we are taken off from every felf
dependence in the view of our wants and wretchednefs, we are the
more fure to find help in the time of need. If faith and hope lock
Upward, the everlafting arms will be underneath us. In our cries
to God for deliverance, let us therefore plead his covenant relation to
u«» the grants he has made us, his ability to protect and deliver us ;
and the ingratitude, injuftice, and violence, of our enemies: for
Vol. I.

readily does God beftow his anfwers of peace to his people : and
happy are they who, renouncing their unbelieving fears, go forth,
affured by faith that it fliall be to them as he hath fpoken. Un-
ihaken' faith is a certain caufe of victory ; 'and even fongs of praife
are excellent weapons in our fpiritual warfare. God can eafily
deliver his people, and employ their ftrongly confederated enemies to
deftroy one another : yea, he can turn his people's diftrefs into means
of their enrichment, honour, fafety, and peace. And it becomes us
in fuch noted deliverances to join in folemn thankfgiving, and to
fet up fome lafting memorials of his kindnefs. — But O, how hard is
it to render reformation thoroughly complete ; and to wean the
beft of men from fins .which ealily befet them, even when they
have before fmarted for them ! But it is kind in God to continue
a reprover to us: and it is great gain if our providential loffes
turn us from the path of evil.
40

Jehoram and his kingdom are very unhappy. II. CHRONICLES. Ahaziah' 's wicked reign, and ruin.

Befjre Chrift
892.
nCh. 13.10. & 15.2.
Heb. 10. 38. If. 3.
II. Jer. z si, 19.
&4. 18. Sc 5.25.

I. 34.13. Deut.
.Sc 12. 3.

eExcd 7. 5,.,-c •*. j.
iKin. 17. 9,10,19.
pRev. 2. 20. Sc 13.
i6.VKin. 21. ji.
qXev. 17. 17. 2 Kin.
9- sz. verity
fczek. xvi. xxiii.
rW hich was written
before his tranila-
tion. 2Kin. 2. 11.
887.
5 lKin.J5.II. &22.
43. ch. xvii. xix.
xiv. xv.
t-l Kin. 16. 25, 30—
33. ver. 6, 11
1 aKii. 8. 12,27.

u Exod. 34.15- Deut.
31. 16. ver. 11.
- x Ver. 4. Judg. 9. ;.
I Kin. 2. 32, 33.

y Heb. a treat ftroke.
Exod. 20. 5. Prov.
13. 13. ver. 16—
10. Deut- 28. 15 —
48. Lev. 26, 14—
39-

1 2 Sam. 24. 1- Amos
3. 6. If. 10. 5, 6. &
a$. 7. with ch. 17.
JI. & 28. 17,18.

31 Or Medianites.
Num. 12. 1.

htieb. tarried captive.
Job 1. 15 Sec. 3— ¦-
5. Sc xviii. xx.
with ch. 24. 7.

c Or Jbatciah. ch.
22. 1 . or Aicariah,
ver.B.Prortxtoutlafter, 2 Kin. 9. 29.
•I Ver. 14, 15. Deut.
28. 22, 27. ch. 16.
J2. & 24. 25.

from under his hand ; becaufe n he had
forfaken the Lord God of his fathers.
1 1 Moreover, ° he made high places in
the mountains of Judah, ' and p caufed the
inhabitants of Jerufalem to commit forni
cation q, and compelled Judah thereto.
1 2 ^[ And there came a r writing to
him from Elijah the prophet, faying,
Thus faith the Lord God of David thy
father, Becaufe thou haft not walked in
the = wavs of Jehofhaphat thy father, nor
in the ways of Afa king ofjudah,
13 But haft 'walked in the way of the
kings of Ifrael, and haft made Judah and
the inhabitants of Jerufalem to go a
whoring u, like to the whoredoms of the
houfe of Ahab, and alfo haft * flain thy
brethren of thy father's houfe, which were
better than thyfelf;
1 4 Behold, with ? a great plague will
the Lord fmite thy people, and thy
children, and thy wives, and all thy
goods :
1 5 And thou Jhalt have great ficknefs
by difeafe of thy bowels, until thy bowels
fall out by reafon of the ficknefs day by
day. 1 6 5F Moreover, z the Lord ftirred up
againft Jehoram the fpirit of the Phili
ftines, and of the Arabians, that were near
the - Ethiopians :
1 7 And they came up into Judah, and
brake into it, and b carried away all the
fubftance that was found in the king's
houfe, and his fons alfo, and his wives ;
fo that there was never a fon left him, fave
Jehoahaz c the youngeft of his fons.
1 8 5[ And after all this the Lord fmote
him in his bowels with dan incurable
difeafe. 19 And it came to pafs that, in procefs
of time, after the end of two years, his
bowels fell out by reafon of his ficknefs :
fo he died of fore difeafes. And his

Reflections upon Cjiap. XXI. — What monfters are bred
in the beft of families ; or, at leaft, are made fo by unhallowed
marriages! And none are fuch plagues to families and kingdoms
as ungrateful heirs. Ambition is deaf to the cries of nature or
humanity: and thofe, whom duty and intereft require to proteft
us, become our deftroyers. But how tormented" are the minds of
tyrants, and bow tottering thofe thrones which are eftablifhed in

people made no e burning for him, like Be^8g4c.hr),,
the burning of his fathers. e~ch.,6.M.&~
20 Thirty and two years old was he ""
when he began to reign, and he reigned
in Jerufalem eight years, and f departed fJ^hi-.21-«-"a»-
without g being defired : howbeit, they s?"o.'7-''jf"-
buried him in the city of David, but hnot h"h'8'
in the fepulchres of the kings. *7.'*K.n.52i.24."
CHAP. XXII.
Still the curfe of God continues working in the family
of Jehoram. { 1 ) Ahaziah, his only fon that re
mained, was a fhame to it, being a partaker in the
fin of Ahab' s family, and in their defiruclion; 1 — 9.
(2) Athaliah, his only wife that remained, was a
plague to it ; for jhe murdered all the feed royal fhe
could find, her own grandchildren not excepted, and
ufiurped the throne; IO — 12. (3) God, for his
promife fake to David, preferves Joajh, an infant, by
the care of his aunt; 11,12.
N D the inhabitants of Jerufalem
madea Ahaziah his youngeft fon
king in his ftead: for the band of men
that came with the Arabians to the camp
had flain all the eldeft. So Ahaziah the
fon of Jehoram king ofjudah reigned.
2 b Forty and two years old was Aha
ziah when he began to reign, and he
reigned one year in Jerufalem. His
mother's name alfo was Athaliah the
daughter0 of Omri.
3 He alfo walked d in the ways of the
houfe of Ahab: for his mother was his
counfellor to do wickedly.
4 Wherefore he did evil in the fight of
the Lord, like the houfe of Ahab: for
they c were his counfellors after the death
of his father, to his deftr'ucl ion.
5 ^[ He walked alfo after their counfel,
and f went with Jehoram the fon of Ahab
kino- of Ifrael to war ao-ainft Hazael king:
of Syria at Ramoth-gilead: and the Sy
rians fmote Joram.
6 And g he returned to be healed in
Jezreel, becaufe of the wounds* which
were given him at Ramah when he

a 2 Cu 8. is. Dent.
17. 14. ch. 21. it,
17-

b2Kin.8.26.Itwaa the izdof his age,
but Azd of the
kingdom of his
mother's family.

c Grandchild. Ch.
21.6. 2Kir.,8. 181
26,27.
d Ch.21. 6. 1 Kin.
16. 25, 30-33.
Mic. 6. 16.

ePf. 1. 1. Prov. 9. 6.
Sc 13.20. -Kin. 9.
22. Prov. 28 15—
17. & 29. 2—12,

f2Kin. 8. 28.

g2Kin,8. 29.-
* Heb. wherewith
they wounded kins.

blood ! God can take the moft unthought of methods to threaten
or to punifh his inveterate enemies. And torment, mifery, and
difgrace,. moft furely await them. Dreadful is the fituation when
tormenting agonies, an awakened confeience, and an opening hell,
meet the finner on his death-bed! But miferable are the happieft
tyrants. — When alive they are hated; and when dead they are
branded with infamy, and tormented in hell !

Athaliah murders the royal family. C H A P» XXII
BeforeChriit fasyfa ^^ Hazad kbg of g^ An(J
ri*erwife called Azariah h, the fon of Jehoram king of
Maxiah,iet.x. -r j l  . j  ^ _r _ ft  *U»

XXIII.

Jehoiada produces Joafi.

„d>*~tas'ch. Judah, went down to fee Jehoram the
fon of Ahab at Jezreel, becaufe he was
fick.
Atst-tsMisAmgdwn. 7 And the + deftruction of Ahaziah was
iltT?™!tl.'sc' '°^ ^od ^y coming to Joram: for when
.»s-« he was come he went out with Jehoram
k2Kin-9-7iK.in- asttinft Tehu the fon of Nimfhi, kwhom
19.16, 17. 2Kin. O J "
-a. x. the Lord had anointed to cut off the houfe
of Ahab. 8 And it came to pafs that, x when
Jehu was executing judgment upon the
houfe of Ahab, and found the princes of
Judah, and the fons of the brethren of
Ahaziah, that miniftered to Ahaziah, he
flew them.
9 m And he fought Ahaziah : and they

1 iKin 10. 13, 14,
ch, li- 14.

CHAP
Coincides with 2 Kings xi.
hi?h prieft prepares

Before Chrift
.878.

a z Kin. ir. 4—16.
ch. 22. 12,

x 2 Kin. 9. 27.
i He had ned to both caught him, (for he was +hid in Samaria,)
Meiyddo and Sa- D ' \ _ 7 /
aria, and v-as ^ bought him

buried at Jerufa-
lem.

k Ch. 17. 4, 6. Sc
J9-3-

•Ver. 7. 2Kin.'ll.l.
ch.ai. 4,14. Hab.
z. 12.

pSfccli.ii.-'. 1 Kin,
11. 36. 2Sam. 7.
12, 13. Pf. 132. 11.,
12. & 89. 28, 29.
Jer. 33. 20—26.

«, E2ek. 40. 46.
2Kin.11. 2.

J iKin. 11, 4. ch,
23- I.

s 2 Sam. 7. 13. 1 Kin.
15- 4- «• 65. 8.
J°°5. IS, 14. Pf.
27. 5. Prov. 11,
30. Pf. 33. 10.

to Jehu : and, when
they had flain him, they buried him ;
becaufe, faid they, he is the fon of Jeho
fhaphat, n who fought the Lord with all
his heart. So the houfe of Ahaziah had
no power to keep ftill the kingdom.
10 % °But, when Athaliah the mother
of Ahaziah faw that her fon was dead,
fhe arofe and deftroyed all the feed royal
ofthe houfe ofjudah.
1 1 But Jehofhabeath, the daughter of
the king, p took Joafh the fon of Ahaziah,
and ftole -him from among the king's
fons that were flain, and put him and his
nurfe in a q bed chamber. So Jehofha
beath the daughter of king Jehoram, the
wife of r Jehoiada the prieft, (for fhe was
the fifter of Ahaziah,) hid him from
Athaliah, fo that fhe flew him not.
12 And he was with them shid in the
houfe of God fix years: and Athaliah
reigned over the land.

b Gen. 26. 28. 1 Sain.
is. 3.

cPf. II2-5- Mat. 10,
16. Eph. 5.15.

XXIII.
Here (i) Jehoiada the
the people for their Ling; ac
quaints their chiefs with his intentions; arms the
Levites, and appoints them to their refpetlive pofts ;
1 — 10. (2) He produces young Joafh, and crowns
and anoints him king; ii. (3) He gives orders
for flaying Athaliah, the vAcked ufurper ; 12 — 15.
(4) Alaking a folemn covenant wit h^ God, he re
forms the kingdom, and reftores religion and liberty ;
16 — 21.
ND "in the feventh year Jehoiada
\. ftrenpthened himfelf, and took the
captains of hundreds, Azariah the fon of
Jeroham, and Ifhmael the fon of Jehoha-
nan, and Azariah the fon of Obed, and
Maafeiah the fon of Adaiah, and Elifha-
phat the fon of Zichri, into b covenant
with him.
2 And they cwent about in Judah, and
gathered the Levites out of all the cities
ofjudah, and the chief of the fathers of
Ifrael ; and they came to Jerufalem.
3 And all the congregation d made a d lfSi."\'l'ast;
covenant with the kins; in the houfe of
God. And he faid unto them, Behold,
the king's fon fliall reign, as the Lord
hath c faid of the fons of David.
4 This is the thing' that ye fhall do ;
A f third part of you, entering on the
fabbath, of the priefts and of the Levites,
Jhall be porters of the doors ;
k. And a third part fhall be at the killer's
1 <- 1 1-1 .1 „ , ° /. g Acts J. i. 2Ki»,
houfe ; and a third part at the g gate of
the foundation : and all the people fhall
be in the courts of the houfe of the Lord.
6 But let none come into the houfe of
the Lord, fave the priefts, and h they h\
that minifter ofthe Levites, they fhall go
in, for they are 'holy: but all the people
fliall keep the watch of the Lord.
7 And kthe Levites fhall compafs the 1**^,11.8,9,

e2Sam. 7.17. iKIh;
2. 4. Sc 0. 5. ch. 6.
16. & 7. 18.
2Kin. 11. 5, 6.
I Chr. 26. ij— iS.
& 9. 25.

11.6.

Chr. xxv. xxvi.
Kin. 8. 10.

i Heb. hoiinefs.
Num. 16.5. E2ra
8.28.

Reflections upon Chap. XXII. — Certain is their ruin
whom God has doomed to it; and dreadful the confequences of
unhallowed marriages with the ungodly. Behold how the woman,
for whofe fake Jehofhaphat had cultivated friendfhip with Ahab,
reduces his glorious kingdom and numerous family, nay, his bleffed
reformation, to the brink of ruin ! She had doubtlefs advifed her
htiftand to murder his brethren and princes, and to hurry himfelf,
through fcenes of mifery, into endlefs fire. Now fhe counfels
fcr- fon to do wickedly. Advifed -by her, he cultivates intimacy
With Jehoram her brother, and involves himfelf and relations in

his ruin. Behold the infuriated monfter murdering princes, and
embruing her hands in the blood of her innocent, her orphan babes?
And, to the reproach ofjudah, the favage murderer, the vile ido
later, is permitted to fill the facred throne without fo much as a
fhadow of title! But, meanwhile, behold how God, for his pro
mife fake, preferves in his houfe a young and helplefs defcendant
of David to wear thc crown, and even ufher in the Meffiah in his
time! Vain is every attempt of earth and hell to defeat thc-svord
of truth ; not one jot or tittle of it fhall ever fail.
4O 2

Jehoiada crowns young Joajh*

II, CHRONICLES,

Athaliah isjlam.

Bafbre Chrift
878,

msChr.jcxiv— xxvi
So two couiles
priefts, fingers,
and porters, were
in the court of the
temple together.

VZKin. ii.TT.Neh.
4. 17, 18. Eph. 6.
10—15.
* Heb. Jbouldt*.
f Heb. houft.

©Ch, 51. it, Pf.89,
39. & 131. 18.

king round about, every man with his
weapons in his hand; and whofoever elfe
cometh into the houfe, he fhall be put to
death*, but be ye with the king when he
cometh in and when he goeth out.
8 So the Levites and all Judah did
according to all things that Jehoiada the
prieft had commanded, and took every
ichr.9 .ij.ixin. man his men ' that were to come in on the
fabbath, with them that were to go out
on the fabbath: for Jehoiada the prieft
°f difmiffed not m the courfes.
9 Moreover, Jehoiada the prieft deli
vered to the captains of hundreds fpears,
and bucklers, and fhields, that had been
king David's, which were in the houfe
of God. 10 And he fet all the people, "every
man having his weapon in his hand from
the right * fide of the + temple to the left
fide of the temple, along by the altar and
the temple, by the king round about.
1 1 Then they ° brought out the king's
fon, and put upon him the crown, and
'"if ilT'if8^: p gave him the teftimony, and made him
king. And Jehoiada and his fons anoint -
**itr$it\h\% ed him, and faid, ^God fave the king.
12 % Now, rwhen Athaliah heard the
noife of the people running and praifing
the king, fhe came to the people into the
houfe of the Lord :
13 And fhe looked, and, behold, the
king ftood at shis pillar at the entering
in, and the princes and the trumpets by
the king : and all the people of the land
'*%e?.\l°s%*sc rejoiced c, and founded with trumpets,
J1.U.&.14.J-4. a|£o tjle fingers w[ta inftruments of
mufic, and fuch as taught to fing praife.
Then Athaliah rent her clothes, and faid,
u Treafon, treafon !
14 Then Jehoiada the prieft brought
out the captains of hundreds that were
fet over the hoft, and faid unto them,
* ravkJf'9'1*'& Have her forth ofthe ranges : and * whofo

• 39
jlKili. 11. It— 16'

•S iKin. 13. 3. ch. f.
13. & II. 14.

« I Kin. 18. 17, J8,
Mat. 7. 5. Rom,
2. J, 3-

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — God will not fuffer the
fulfilment of his promife to be too long interrupted. And it is a
great mercy in critical times to have one of great prudence, piety,
fidelity, courage, and influence, to be principal director. How
aftonifhing is it to fee religion and liberty all at once recovered
.from the wrecks of ruin! But is there any thing too hard for the

followeth her, let him be flain with the
fword. For the prieft faid, 1 Slay her not
in the houfe ofthe Lord.
15 So they laid hands on her; and,
when flie was come to the jentering of
the horfe gate, by the king's houfe, they
flew * her there.
1 6 % And Jehoiada a made a covenant
between him, and between all the people,,
arid between the king, that they fhould
be the Lord's people. .'.
17 Then all the people went to the
houfe of Baal, and b brake it down, and
brake his altars and his images in pieces,
and flew Mattan the prieft of Baal before
the altars.
18 Alfo Jehoiada appointed cthe of
ficers of the houfe of the Lord by the
hand of the priefts the Levites, whom
David had diftributed in the houfe of the
Lord to offer the burnt-offerings of the
d Lord, as it is written in the law of
Mofes, with rejoicing and with finging,
as it was ordained^ by David.
1 9 And he fet the e porters at the gates
of the houfe of the Lord, that none
which was unclean in any thing fhould
enter in.
20 f And he took the captains of hun
dreds, and the nobles, and the governors
of the people, and all the people of the
land, and brought down the king from
the houfe of the Lord : and they came
through the high gate into the king's
houfe, and fet the king upon the throne
of the kingdom.
21 And sall the people of the land
rejoiced : and the city was quiet after
that they had flain Athaliah with the
fword. CHAP. XXIV.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings xii. Here (i) Joajh,
tutored by his Uncle Jehoiada, appears mighty zealous
for God and for repairing the temple ; I — 14.

Before Chr
878.
y Num. 5. 2, o>',J
14. ver. 19,

zCh. 22, 10. M«:%
1. Cen. 9. j,6.
a2Kin.11.17. Neh,
9. 38. Deut. 5. 2,
3. Sc 29, 1, 14,15.
Jolh. 24. 25. ch.
15- 12. & 20, „i
Ezra 10, 3.

b iKin. ra. 23.4; i>;
18. Deut. 13. 0.
I Kin. 18. 40. Song
2. IS. Zech. 13. 3.
Rev. 19. 20.

Cl Chr. xxiv— xxvii

d Exod. I
Lev. i. Num.
xxviii. xxix.

fHeb. b, the hand of
David.
e I Chr. 26. 14— iii
& 9. 23, 24.

f2Kin.ll.19,

.2Kin.ii.iJ.EIIk. 8.10. Pf. s«.io.&
9. l6.Prov. 11, lo.
&2g. 2.

Lord? How mad for their oppofers to rufli headlong into imme-;
diate deft ru£lion ! But hopeful is the view when idols are de
ftroyed, idolaters afhamed, the true worfhip of God regularly efta
blifhed, and his worfhippers firft giving themfelves to, the Lord,
and afterwards to magiftrates and minifters, and to one another^
by the will of God !

Joajh reigns.
Eefore Chrift

CHAP. XXIV.

He repairs the temple of God.

jlKin. II.Il.&I*.

. Ch. 25. z. 2 Kin.
II. 2. Pf. 78. 36,
37. Jolh. 24. 31,
Judg 2. 7, 10,

c Gen. 21. 21. Si
24.4.
d Gen. e. 19, Mat.
19. 4-8.

c Heb. to renew,
Ver. 7.

(2) After Jehoiada' s death, inftigated by his nobles,
notwithftanding prophetical admonitions, he reftores
the worfhip of Baal; and murders his coufin Ze
chariah, a prieft and prophet, for reproving him ;
15 — 22. (3) The judgments of God come upon him
for his wickednefs ; the Syrians ravage his kingdom ;
God ftrikes him with fore d'tfeafis ; his fervants
murder him ; and he is difgracefully buried ;
23—27.
JOASHa was feven years old when he
begafi to reign, and he reigned -forty
years in Jerufalem. His mother's name
alfo was Zibeah of Beer-fheba.
2"A.nd b Joafh did that which zvas right
in the fight of the Lord all the days of
Jehoiada the prieft.
2 And Jehoiada w took for him d two
wives; and he begat fons and- daughters.
4 % And it came to pafs after this that
Joafh was minded e to repair the houfe of
the Lord.
5 And he gathered together the priefts
and the Levites, and faid to them, Go out
unto the cities of Judah, and gather of
all Ifrael money to f repair the houfe of
your God from year to year, and fee that
ye haften the matter. B Howbeit the Le
vites haftened // not.
6 And the king called for Jehoiada the
chief, and faid unto him, h Why haft thou
not required of the Levites to bring in
4. out ofjudah and out of Jerufalem ' the
collection, according to the commandment
of Mofes the fervant of the Lord, and
of the congregation of Ifrael, for the
tabernacle of witnefs ?
7 For the k fons of Athaliah that wicked
woman had broken up the houfe of God;
and alfo all the dedicated things of the
iHof.,.„Deut.j_ houfe of the Lord ' did they beftow upon
ij, 17. j x
Baalim. 8 And at the king's commandment
¦•«!». i». 9. M_k they made m a cheft, and fet it without at
the gate of the houfe of the Lord.
9 And they made a n proclamation
through Judah and Jerufalem, to bring
in to the Lord the collection that Mofes
the fervant of God laid upon Ifrael in the
wildernefs. And all the princes and all the
and caft

f2Kin. 12.4. Ch. 19.
3.&S4-8. 855.
% l Kin. 11. 6.

h iKin. 12, 7, 8.

Num. 1. 50.

1 Ch. 11. 17. & ii,
3, 4. Pf. 12. 8.

JiHeb.nvckr. Exod,
36. 6. Sc 30, 12—
>4-

IO

people rejoiced,

and brought in,

Before Chrift
850.

q Heb. the heating
went up by their
hand, Neil. 4. 7.

into the cheft, until they had made an
end. 11 Now it came to pafs, ° that at olKin-K''°-l5-
what time the cheft was brought into the
king's office by the hand of the Levites,
and when they faw that there was much
money, the king's fcribe and the high
prieft's officer came and emptied the cheft,
and took it, and carried it to his place
again. Thus they did day by day, and
gathered money in abundance.
12 And the king and Jehoiada gave
it to fuch as did the work of the fervice
of the houfe of the Lord, and hired
p mafons and carpenters to repair the houfe v^:\¥£n.t.
of the Lord, and alfo fuch as wrought
iron and brafs to mend the houfe of the
Lord. 1 3 So the workmen wrought, and q the
work was perfected by them, and they
fet the houfe of God in his ftate, and
ftrengthened it.
14 And when they had finifhed it they
brought the reft ofthe money before the
king and Jehoiada, whereof were made
r veffels for the houfe of the Lord, even
veffels to minifter, and * to offer withal,
and fpoons, and veffels of gold and
filver. And they s offered burnt-offerings
in the houfe of the Lord continually all
the days of Jehoiada.
15 5[But Jehoiada waxed old, and was
c full of days when he died ; an hundred
and thirty years old was he when he died.
16 And they buried him " in the city
of David among the kings, x becaufe he
had done good in Ifrael, both toward God
and toward his houfe.
1 7 \ Now y after the death of Jehoiada
came the princes of Judah, and made

r I Kin. 7. 5c. with
iKin. 12. 13.
* Or feflits.

S Exod. 29. 38 — 42.
Num. xxviii. xxix.

t Gen. IJ. IJ. 1 Chr.
23. 1. job. j. 26.
Pf. 91. 15, 16.

U I Kin. 2. IO. I Sam.
2. 30.
xHeb.6.10. Neh. 13.
14. 2 Kin. xi. xii.
ch. xxiii. xxiv.

y Afls 20. 29, 2 Tim.
a. 3, 4, 10. Judg. 2.
10. Prov. 29. 12.

obeifance to the king.

Then the king

845.

hearkened unto them
1 8 And they left the houfe of the Lord
God of their fathers, and ferved groves
and idols : and z wrath came upon Judah
and Jerufalem for this their trefpafs.
1 9 Yet a he fent prophets to them, to
bring them again unto the Lord; and
they teftified againft them : but they would
not give ear.

z jude. j. g. ch. 19.
2. Hoi. j. 11. lit
3. II.

a Ch. 36. IJ, 16.
2 Kin. 17. 13 — IJ.
Jer. 44. 4, 5. Neh.
9- 26. Zoca. 7. 11,

JoajVs apoftafy and mifery.

II. CHRONICLES.

He is murdered by his fervants.

Befo.e Chrift
t Heb. clothed.

b T'Sam. 13. 13, 14-
2~.ini ir.. 9, 10.
Zech. 7. II, 12.
c Deut- 29. 25. ch.
Ij. 2. Jer. 2. 19. &
4. lis. Sc 5. 19,25.
Sc 6. 19.

A Mat. II. 35. Acts
7.59-

e Pf. ing. 4. John
10. 32.

f Gen. 9.4, Jer. 11,
20. Pf. 9. 12. & 10,
12— 15. Sc 7. 6.
g 2 Kin. 12. 17, 18.
Deut. 32. 35. Revi
13. 10. Sc 16. 6.
Gen. 9. 4, 6, ver.
17, 21, 22.

20 And the Spirit of God + came
upon Zechariah the fon of Jehoiada the
prieft, who ftood above the people, and
faid unto them, b Thus faith God, Why
tranfgrefs ye the commandments of the
Lord, that ye cannot profper ? c becaufe
ye have forfaken the Lord, he hath alio
forfaken you.
21 And they confpired againft him,
and d ftoned him with ftones at the com
mandment of the king, in the court of
the houfe of the Lord.
22 Thus Joafh the king e remembered
not the kindnefs which Jehoiada his fa
ther had done to him, but flew, his fon.
And when he died he faid, f The Lord
look upon it, and requite it.
23 5[ And it s came to pafs, at the
end of the year, that the hoft of Syria
came up againft him : and they came to
Judah and Jerufalem, and deftroyed all
the princes of the people from among the
people, and fent all the fpoil of them
unto the king of + Damafcus,
24 For the army of the Syrians came
i h with a fmall company of men, and the
Lord delivered a very great hoft into
their hand, ' becaufe they had forfaken
'• the Lord God of their fathers. k So they
executed judgment againft Joafh.
25 And, when they were departed from
; him, (for they left him in 1 great dif-
eafes,) his own fervants confpired againft
him for m the blood of the fons of Je
hoiada the prieft, and flew him on his
bed, and he died : and they buried him
Reflections upon Chap. XXIV. — It is a great advantage
for young perfons to be directed by thofe who are pious, prudent,
and faithful. And the influence of education, the awe or example
of friends, may often pufh thofe far into external appearances of
religion who have no Cordial regard to it: nay, in fhews of devo
tion, empty hypocrites may outftrip real and noted faints. How
many ufeful works in church and ftate would be utterly flopped, if
God did not raife up a few aiiive men to carry them forward !
But it is an honour to do good in our time by promoting religion :
and faithfulnefs is the great honour, and will be the lafting comfort,
of fuch as are intrufted with public money, or employed in public
bufinefs. The godly are often honourably interred with an ap
pearance of diftinguifhed refpecl: and grief, and yet their example
quickly difregarded. Pretended converfions, and hypocritical
ftri<ftnefs, foon iffue in fearful apoftafy. Many conform to religion
when it is fafhionable, who are glad of an opportunity to throw off
*he reftraint. What an unfpeakable lofs to a church or nation is

839.

% Heb. Darmefel.

feDeut. 32. 30. &28.
25. Lev. 20.17. 11
30. 17.
i Ch. 12. 2. & 15. 2,
Jer. 2. 13, 17, 19,
& 4. 18. & 5. ig:
2,5. & 6- 19. Sc 22
6,9. 1 Sam. _z, 25.
kIf.io.5,6.&j.n

lCh.22.6.&35.2< &16- 12.&21. \'6

raVer.ai.Pf. 10.14,
Rev, 16. 6. & 13,
10. Gen. 9. 4, 6.

in the city of David, but they buried him B%t*
" not in the fepulchres of the kings. , nisam.2.3o.p,0v".
26 And thefe are they that confpired 33.->'&»i."i=,"
againft him; "Zabad the fon of Shi- °,°ii__Sr
meath an Ammonitefs, and Jehozabad
the fon of * Shimrith a Moabitefs. *°:JtZe™£
27 ^[ Now, concerning his fons, and~ bited'maSgS"-
the greatnefs of the p burdens laid upon v^.a.a.ya.
him, and the q repairing of the houfe of qHeb./„«,;„l,
God, behold, they are written in the
'' ftory of the book of the kings. And r ch'J^"&';6.
Amaziah his fon reigned in his ftead.
CHAP. XXV.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings xiv. ; i — 4. Here we
have Amaziah ( 1 ) Juftly revenging his father's
death on the murderers ; 1—4. (2) Wifely obeying
the command of God in difmijfing the hundred thoufand
Ifraelites whom he had hired into, his army ; 5 — 1 o.
(3) Cruelly conquering, the Edomites while the dif-
miftfed Ifraelites wafted his own country; 11 — 13.
(4) Wickedly worfhipping the idols of the conquered
Edomites, and impatient of reproof for it ; 14 — 16.
(5) Proudly challenging Jehoafh king of tfrael to
a wa-. , which almoft ruined himfelf and his kingdom ;
17 — 24. (6) Shamefully purfued and murdered' by
his fubjecls; 25 — 28.
AMAZIAH *was twenty and five "Kin. 14. 1-6.;
years old when he began to reign,
and he reigned twenty and nine years in
Jerufalem. And his mother's name was
Jehoaddan of Jerufalem.
2 And he did b that which was right **.%$*,*&
in the fight of the LoRd, but not with a \Vz^Z\lnl.L
t> ' . 8. iTim. 3.5.1!.
perfect heart. #.z.&czc,.sV
¦2 f[ Now it came to pafs, when the . , e ,
..-'," - n 1 1-d l 1 • 1 * confirmed uttf,
kingdom was * eftablifhed to him, that *•'"•
he c flew his fervants that had killed the "c filf,ll:.&i%
king his father.

5,6. Exod. 21. 1,'.
Mum. 35. 16-4J;

the death of a pious or faithful counfellor ! and what a plague art!
complaifant and wicked flatterers! But in times of great degene
racy God never wants fome faithful witneffes, that they- who haU
to be reformed maybe left without excufe: and great zeal fc
God is then needful, to oppofe the torrent of ungodlinefs, and t
render minifters duly faithful to fouls: for ingratitude, injuftice,
and barbarity, generally attend hatred of reproof and worfhipping
of idols. And God's prophets, if faithful, are fure to be marked'
with fuffering or death : but quickly fhall God refent the injuries
done to them. Quickly, and in manifold forms, his vengeance
fhall overtake the obftinate tranfgreflbrs : and, when he forfakes
men, they become an eafy prey to every invader. Often he gives
men blood to drink, who have embrued their hands in the blood of
his faints ; while his vengeance purfues them into everlafting fire.
And fcarcely doth any thing more fearfully fpread deftruction than
marriages with wicked women.

Amaziah'' s reign, and mighty army.

C H A P. XXV. He murders the Edomites; worfhips idols.

*e%gM 4 But he flew not their children, but
— did as it is written in the law in the book
of Mofes, where the Lord commanded,
'^'s'l"6,*!^ faying, d The fathers fhall not die for the
children, neither fhall the children die for
the fathers, but every man fhall die for
his own fin.
5 % Moreover, Amaziah gathered Ju-
.ichr.13.1. dah together, and made them e captains
over thoufands and captains over hun
dreds, according to the houfes of their
fa«i->.*»7. m fathers, throughout f all Judah and Ben
jamin : and he numbered them from
g twenty years old and above, and found
them three hundred thoufand choice men,
able to go forth to war, that could handle
fpear and fhield.
6 He hired alfo an hundred thoufand
mighty men of valour out of Ifrael for Tan
hundred talents of filver.
7 But there came h a man of God to
him, faying, O king, let not the army
i1King.11.i8.ch. of Ifrael go with thee ; ' for the Lord is

% Num. 1. 3, 18.
I Chr. 21. J- ch,
11. 1. & 14. 8.

f 34,2181. 15 9.
fterlillg.

hi Sam. 12. 1. ch.
15. 1. Sc vs. 2.

HofiM3-is-&not -with Ifrael, to wit, with all the chil
dren of Ephraim.
k,48;9Kin0'«'.5S' 8 But, if thou wilt go,
Ecc .1. 9. ftrong for the battle : God

1 Judg. 7. II. ch. 14. fViop
11. 1 Sam. 14.6. LJ-J'-V-
Pf. 20. 7. & 33.
16-20.

} Heb. bind.

kdo //; be
fhall make
fall before the enemy : ' for God
hath power to help and to caft down.
9 And Amaziah faid to the man of
God, But what fhall we do for the hun
dred talents which I have given to the
+ army of Ifrael ? And the man of God
"aS.tiif'11, anfwered, The Lord is m able to give
thee much more than this.
1 o Then Amaziah feparated them, to
wit, the army that was come to him
v n*. toad place, out of Ephraim, to go "home again:
n2sam.19.42.job wherefore their "anger was greatly kin-
W'i9'"- died againft Judah, and they returned
'TmTL'l home ° in great anger.
vZfitTtft u f And Amaziah ftrengthened
29.0. W 24. himfelf} and led forth his people, and
^.stiKi, went to p the valley of Salt and
.4-7-pf.6o.titie. fmote 0f the children of Seir ten thou
fand. 12 And other ten thoufand left alive
did the children of Judah carry away
captive, and brought them unto the top
of the rock ; and caft them down from

the top of the rock, that they all were
¦q broken in pieces.
13 ^[ But * the foldiers -of the army
which Amaziah fent back, that they
fhould not go with him to battle, fell
upon the cities of Judah, from r Samaria
even unto Beth-horon, and fmote three
thoufand T of them, and took much fpoil.
14 5F Now it came to pafs, after that
Amaziah was come from the flaughter
of the Edomites, that he s brought the
gods of the children of Seir, and fet them
up to be his gods, and bowed down him
felf before them, and burned incenfe unto
them. 15 Wherefore the anger of the Lord
was kindled againft Amaziah, and he
fent unto him ' a prophet, who faid
unto him, Why haft thou fought after
the gods of the people u which could not
deliver their own people out of thine
hand ?
16 And it came to pafs, as he talked
with him, that the king faid unto him,
Art thou made of the king's counfel ?
x forbear ; why fhouldeft thou be fmitten ?
Then the prophet forbare, , and faid, I
know that yGod hath + determined to
deftroy . thee, becaufe thou haft done
this, and haft not hearkened unto my
counfel. 1 7 5T Then z Amaziah king of Judah
took advice, and fent to Joafh the fon of
Jehoahaz, the fon of Jehu king of Ifrael,
faying, Come, let us a fee one another in
the face.
18 And Joafh king of Ifrael fent to
Amaziah king of Judah, faying, The
b thiftle that was in Lebanon fent to the
cedar that was in Lebanon, faying, Give
thy daughter to my fon to wife: and
there paffed by c a wild beaft that was in
Lebanon, and trode down the thiftle.
1 9 Thou fayeft, Lo, thou haft fmitten
the Edomites, and thine heart d lifteth
thee up to boaft : abide now at home ;
e why fhouldeft thou meddle to thine
hurt, that thou fhouldeft fall, even thou
and Judah with thee ?
20 But Amaziah f would not hear; for

Before Chrtft
827.
q I Chr. 20. 3. & iS.
13.tvilhch.20. 23.
& 21. 8— io.
* Kelt, the fons ef the
band.

r 1 Kin. 16. 24, 28,29,
Sc 9. 17. ch. 8. 5.

¦i The inhabitants.

s Ch. 28. 23. Exoif.
20. 3 — 5. Deut. 7.
5. 25. 2 Sam. 5. 21.

t Ver. 7. ch. 19. 2. Sc
sa. 37. Sc 16. 7. Sc
24. 20.

uPf. 115. 4— 7. Jer.
10. 1 — 20. If. 46.
1, 2. & 44.9—211,
& 45- 21.

X2Tim. 4.3. Prov,
9- 7, 8. H..30. 10.
Ho!, a. 17. ch. 36.
15, 16.
y I Sam. 2. 2$. &
12. 25. ch.36.15.16.
X Heb. counfelled.

826.
2 2 Kin. 14. 8—14.
ver. 13. ch. 10. 14,
Prov. 20. 3.

a 2 Sam. 2. 14. ver.
19, 10.

b Or fur-httfh, or
thorn. Jud£. 9. 8

cHeb. a beaft of the
feld. Pf. 80, 13,

d Ch. 26. 26. Prov,
13. 10. Sc 28. 15,
Jam. 4. 1.
e Luke 14. 31. Prov;
t'i. 6,7. Sc 22. la.
Sc 28. 15—18. &
29. 8, 9. & 25. 8,
Sc 20. 18.
f Ver. 16. 1 Sam. I.
25. & 12. 25. ch.
22. 7. Pf. 81, i,,
12. 2 Thef. 2. io— 1
12. Hof. 11. 2, 7. -
ver. 14. ch. 24, 24.
iKin, 14, 11,

Amaziah is routed by Joafh : is fain. II. CHRONICLES. Uzziah begins his profperous reign.

P.efore Chrift
826.

g 1 Sam. 6. 9—10.
not Jolh. 19. 38.

ti Heb. fmitten.
1 Kin. 14. ii— 14.

i Prov. 16. 18. AV18.
ii. & 29. 23. Luke
14. 11.

* Heh. the sate of it
that laoleth.

k Ch. 12. 9. 2 Kin.
14. 14. Prov. 20.
zc.Sc ti. 4, 28. Sc
13. 7. &22. 16. &
23.S.&27.24. If.
Jo. 14. 825.
f Heb. fens of fledge,
or power.
1 iKin. 14. 17,1. Sc
13. 10.

31 Ch. IO. 29. Sc 12.
15.&16.11.&20.
34. Sc 24.27. & 27.
7. & 26. 22. & 28.
56. Sc 32.32. & 33.
18. Sc 35. 26, 27.

» Heb, cenrpirci a
con piracy. 2 Kin.
14. 19. ch. 24. 25.
Sc 33. 24.

it came of God, that he might deliver
them into the hand of their enemies,
becaufe they fought after the gods of
Edom. 2 1 So Joafh the king of -Ifrael went
up ; and they faw one another in the*
face, both he and Amaziah king of Judith,
at B Beth-fhemefh which belongeth to
Judah. 22 And Judah was put to the h worfe
before Ifrael, and they fled every man to
his tent.
23 And Joafh the king of Ifrael ! took
Amaziah king of Judah the fon of Joafh,
the fon of Jehoahaz, at Beth-fhemefh,
and brought him to Jerufalem, and brake
down the wall of Jerufalem from the
gate of Ephraim to * the
four hundred cubits.
24 And he took all k the gold and the
filver, and all the veffels that were found
in the houfe of God with Obed-edom,
and the treafures of the king's houfe, the
T hoftages alfo, and returned to Samaria.
, 25 ^f1 And Amaziah the fon of Joafh
king of Judah lived after the death of
Joafh the fon of Jehoahaz king of Ifrael
fifteen years.
26 Now the m reft ofthe acfs of Ama
ziah, firft and laft, behold, are they not
written in the book of the kings ofjudah
and Ifrael ?
27 % Now, after the time that Ama
ziah did turn away n from following the
Lord/ they made a confpiracy again ft

corner gate,

Before Chrift
810.

o That is, the city of
David, as 2 Kin,
14.13.

him in Jerufalem ; and he fled to La
chifh : but they fent to Lachifh after him,
and flew him there.
28 And they brought him upon horfes,
and buried him with his fathers in the
city of ° Judah. CHAP. XXVI.
In 2 Kings xiv. xv. we had but Jhort hints of
Uzziah or Azariah. Here we have ( I ) His good
character in general; 1 — 5. (2) His great prof
perity in wars, in buildings, in hufbandry, in war
riors and warlike engines ; 6—15. (5) His pre
fumptuous invafion of the prieft' s office lo burn incenfe;
for which God ftruck him with a leprofy, which
confined him till his death; 16 — 23.
THEN all the people of Judah took sio.
a Uzziah, who was fixteen years "%f^;.sc
old, and made him king in the room of ,i'*~7'
his father Amaziah.
2 He built bEloth, and reftored it to b?7e»<£„^
Judah after that the king flept with his ,4'21,
father. 2 Sixteen years old was Uzziah when
he began to reign, and he reigned fifty .
and two years in Jerufalem. His mother's
name alfo was Jecoliah of Jerufalem.
4 And he c did that which was right 'St.^:?.'4'*
in the fight of the Lord, according to all
that his father Amaziah did

And he fought God din the days of '^ftS*
who had underftanding f as long as
fought

andGod

made him

Zechariah,
the vifions of God :
the Lord
profper. 6 And he went forth, and warred
' g Gen. 10. 14. Judg.
againft s the Philiftines, and brake down |n.5;,'. ^J- 18' '"

1 t-i e Gen. 41. 15. Dan.
111 1. 17.
fie f I Sam. 2. 30. ch.
15. 2. Deut. iv—
fr, viii. & 28. 1—14.
Lu Lev. 26. 1— 13.
iChr. 22. 11.

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — What multitudes are
mere diffemblers in their religious appearances ! For fome carnal
ertd they apply their tongue and hand to religion while their heart
hates it. But fhort-lived are the triumphs of murderers, particu
larly thofe of fovereigns. And ftrirft equity ought to take place
in the punifhment of criminals, that the innocent may not be
involved with the guilty. How fearfully fin diminifhes and wea
kens nations ! And rafh undertakings, or alliances in war, make
room for bitter repentance. Multitudes profit nothing when God
is our enemy; and connection with his enemies but haftens the
curfe on our enterprifes. But the lofs of money goes very near
the heart of worldlings, while they who truft in God find them
felves gainers. How outrageous is the fury, and cruel the tender
mercies, of the wicked! Such as are really unconcerned about
piety feel their pride hurt when treated as profane and wicked :
and the proud, when baulked of their expected honours and booty,
are greatly enraged. The conquefts made by nations are often
really to their own hurt : and thofe whom we imitated in wicked

nefs become the inftruments of our punifhment. But bafe is the
cruelty, and fottifh the folly, to dafh idolaters to pieces, and pre
ferve, nay, worfhip, the idols which could not protect their vota
ries from' fuch barbarous feverity. Wicked men heartily hate a
faithful reprover : and much fooncr will they part with large fums
of money than with the moft ufclefs and defpicabie idol! But near
and certain is their deftruction whom God has left off' to reprove,
and in whom pride fwells to the brim. They that would not
hearken to God s fervants will foon hearken to their own wicked
counfellors and raging lufts, which haften their temporal, nay,
eternal deftruction. And, howeyer wicked the inftruments may
be, the judgments are always righteous. They, who go forth
haftily to ftrive, will foon know not what to do when their neigh
bour has put them to fhame. Man's pride will certainly bring
him low : and it will fare ill at laft with them who forfake God ana
his way. For traitors to God and religion are often treacheroufly
hurried into death and hell.

.Hhziah's victories and buildings.

CHAP. XXVI.

Smitten with a leprofy, and dies

ttc'cm Chrift
8jo.

npr.3.8.&27.1— 3.&20. 7. & 118.
ic— 12. 1 Chr. 5.

i Gen. 19. 38. Judg.
xi. 1 Sam. xi.
iChr. xix. xx.
ch. xx. & 17- II.

It Ch. 25. 23. 2Kin.
14. 13.
1 Nell. 2. 13.&3.13.
* Or repaired.
m Of Arabia.
Ch. 21. 16.
11 Gen, 26. 18—21.
0 1 Chr. 27. 26—31.
iKin. 3. 4.

f Or fruitful fields.
1 Sam. 25. 2. not
I Kin. 18. 19, 20.
4JCI1.17. 14— 19. Sc
i5-J.

»Heb ihcpmtrefm
army. 2 Sam. 24.
9'. ch. 11. 1. & 13.
3- Sc 14. 8. Sc 17.
J3-I9. Sczc. 5.

»Jud». 20.16. 1 Sam.
17- 49-

-\t\tls.vstnt firth.
* Deut. 32. 10 — ic.
Pf.30.6.

the wall of Gath, and the wall of Jabneh,
and the wall of Afhdod, and built cities
about Afhdod, and among the Philif
tines. 7 And h God helped him againft the
Philiftines, and againft the Arabians that
dwelt in Gur-baal, and the Mehunims.
8 And the ' Ammonites gave gifts to
Uzziah : and his name fpread abroad
even to the entering in of Egypt ; for he
ftrengthened himfelf exceedingly.
9 5F Moreover, Uzziah built towers in
Jerufalem k at the corner gate, and at
1 the .valley gate, and at the turning ofthe
wall, and * fortified them.
10 Alfo he built towers in the m defert,
and n digged many wells : for he ° had
much cattle, both in the low country
and in the plains : hufbandmen alfo and
vine dreffers in the mountains, and in
p Carmel : for he loved hufbandry.
1 1 % Moreover, * Uzziah had an hoft
of fighting men, that went out to war
hy bands, according to the number of
their account, by the hand of Jeiel the
fcribe and Maafeiah the ruler, under
the hand of Hananiah one of the king's
captains. 1 2 The whole number of the chief of
the fathers of the mighty men of valour
were two thoufand and fix hundred.
13 And under their hand was r an
army, three hundred thoufand and feven
thoufand and five hundred, that made
war with mighty power to help the king
againft the enemy.
14 And Uzziah prepared for them
throughout all the hoft fhields, and fpears,
and helmets, and habergeons, and bows,
and s flings to caf ftones.
15 And he made in Jerufalem engines,
invented by cunning men, to be on the
towers and upon the bulwarks, to fhoot
arrows and great ftones withal. And
his name T fpread far abroad ; c for he

till he was

Before Chrifl
763.

ftrong

U" u Deut. 32.1;. ch.

was marvelloufly helped
ftrong. 16 ^f But u when he was j t
, " ,. r , , . , n -, . ° - Pro/. 16.18.&18.
heart was lifted up to his deftruction : for i»-&*9-*}.,&4.
, Sr 23. Hoi. 13. 6.
he tranfgreffed againft the Lord his 763.
God, and A went into the temple of the x 2Km. 16.12,13.
T . . - t , r Num. xvi. xvii. *
L,ord to burn incenfe upon the aitar of xf-^^if
incenfe. \-tt&^'
1 7 And Azariah the prieft went in after
him, and with him fourfcore priefts of
the Lord that were valiant men ;
18 And they * witb,ftood Uzziah the^i4;*4'
king, and faid unto him, z It appertaineth
not unto thee, Uzziah, to burn incenfe
unto the Lord, but to the priefts the
fons of Aaron, that are confecrated to
burn incenfe: go out of the fanctuary:
for thou haft trefpafled ; neither Jhall it be
a for thine honour from the Lord God.
19 Then Uzziah was b wroth, and had b ££• ,6> I0- & *s
a cenfer in his hand to burn incenfe ; and,
while he was wroth with the priefts,
the c leprofy even rofe up in his forehead
before the priefts in the houfe of the
Lord, from befide the incenfe altar.
20 And Azariah the chief prieft, and
all the priefts, looked upon him, and,
behold, he was d leprous in his forehead,
arid they thruft him out from thence ;
yea, himfelf e hafted alfo to go out, be
caufe the Lord had fmitten him.
21 f And Uzziah the king was a leper f^;y.#,N.'
unto the day of his death, and dwelt in
a feveral houfe, being a leper ; for he was
cut off from the houfe of the Lord: and
Jotham his fon was over the king's houfe,
judging the people of the land.
22 % gNo\v the reft ofthe acts of Uz
ziah, firft and laft, did Ifaiah the prophet
the fon of Amoz write.
23 So Uzziah h flept, with his fathers, -,,,,&„
and they buried him with his fathers in
the field of the burial which bdonged to
the kings ; for they faid, He is a leper.
And Jotham his fon reigned in his ftead.

iSam.
Jer. 13.
18. ch. 16. 7—9. &
19. 2. Sc 24. 20. Be
25. 15. & 28. 9.
2 Heb. e. 4. Num.
18. 7. Exod. 30. 7.
1 Kin. 13. 1, 1 Cor,
7. 24.

ajam. 4. 6. ISam. 2.
30.

cNum. 11. 33.6V 16.
31 — 35. 8c 12. ios
2 Kin. 5.27. Dan.
4.31.

d Num. 12. 10.
2 Kin. 5. 27.

eEfth. 6.12. iKis,
21..4.

Num. ¦5-
2 Kin. 7. 3. Sciss,

Ch. to. 19. Sc 11.
15. Scs-ijzz.Sc 16.
U.&20.34. 8cz$.
16. If. 1. 1.* 6. 1.

758. 2. 10. ch.2r.
20, Sc i&. 27. Si
33. 10.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — A godly, faithful, and
•prudent, inftructor is a great advantage to a youthful king: and a
noted regard to the laws and werfhip of God lays an excellent
foundation for profperity; for God honours thofe that honour
kirn: and, as Jong as we cleave to him, he will be our affiftant.
Vol. I.

And what extenfive capacities God gives fome men, that they can
take care of a multitude of things at once! But how bewitching
is pride ! it can decoy men to their ruin in a thoufand forms. And
it is difficult to be profperous and yet be humble! But feldom do
men gratify their pride, without bringing themfelves to deferved
4P

Jotham reigns pioufy and projperoufy. II. CHRONICLES. Ahaz reigns wickedly and miferab^

Before Chrift
758.

CHAP. XXVII.
Jotham, who had been his father's viceroy, fucceeded
him. ( 1 ) Having afcended the throne at full age,
he behaved pioufiy, and with atlivity tf 1, 2, 6.
(2) He profper ed-in his buildings and wars ; 3 — 5.
(3) He died with an untainted charatler, after
reigning fixteen years; 1, 7 — 9.
e.iKin.iS.3:-38. TOTHAM a was twenty and five years
a/ old when he began to reign, and he
reigned fixteen years in Jerufalem. His
mother's name alfo was Jerufhah the
daughter of Zadok.
» ch. 26. 4- iKin. 2 And he b did that which was right
15- 34. . o
in the fight of the Lord, according to all
that his father Uzziah did : howbeit,
c ci.. 26. 16-21. he c entered not into the temple of the
pf. 119. 120. Afls r
S-,J- Lord. And the people d did yet cor-
JlKin.!5.35.&l4. ., x x J "
4. & 12^- 1 Kin. ruptly.
": «¦ 3 5[ He built the high gate of the houfe
tosthetr,r. Neh. of the Lord, and on the wall of e Ophel
3. 16. & n. 21. ' r
he built much.
fch£6.9.ia&i£ 4 Moreover, f he built cities in the
si 1-6.' mountains of Judah, and in the forefts
he built caftles and towers.
5 % He fought alfo with the g king of
the Ammonites, and prevailed againft
them. And the children of Ammon gave
him the fame year an * hundred talents
of filver, and ten thoufand meafures of
wheat, and ten thoufand of barley. + So
much did the children of Ammon pay
unto him both the fecond year and the
third. 6 So Jotham became mighty, becaufe
h he prepared his ways before the Lord
his God.
ich. 10.34- & 28.26. 7 % Now the ' reft of the acts of fo-
tham, and all his wars, and his ways,
lo, they are written in the book of the
kings of Ifrael and Judah.

8 He was five and twenty years old
when he began to reign, and reigned
fixteen years in Jerufalem.
9 ^f And Jotham flept with his fa
thers, and they buried him in the city of
David.
ftead.

Before Chrift
75*.

And Ahaz his fon reigned in his.

g Ch. 26. 8, with
2 Kin. 3. 4. Sc 15.
29. ch. 2. 10.

• 34,218 1. 15 s
lte.ling.

f Heb. This.

I Or eflablifhed.
Ch. 19. 3,

CHAP. XXVIII.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings xvi. Here we have-
( 1 ) Ahaz' monftrous and cruel idotairy,. and other
wickednefs; I — 4. (2) The punifhment of it in
the Syrians' and Ifraelites' ravaging his kingdom,,
and murdering his fubjecls; 5 — 8." (3) God, in
pity, by the prophet Oded, rebukes the ifraelites for
their cruelty, and makes them kindly to difmifs two-
hundred thoufand prifoners ; 9 — 15. But (4) The
Edomites, Philiftines, and even the Affyrians whofe
friendfhip he had hired, diftrefs the country more and
more; .16 — 21. (5) In his diftrefs-, Ahaz grows
Jlill worfe ; introduces the Syrian idolatry ; flops
the true worjhip of God at the temple ; fills his king
dom with idolatrous altars- and high places ; and at
laft dies in his fins j 22 — If.
AHAZ a was twenty years old when
he began to reign, and he reigned
fixteen years in Jerufalem : but he did
not that which was right in the fight of
the Lord, like David his father:
2 For he b walked in the ways of the
kings of Ifrael, and made alfo molten
images for Baalim.
3 Moreover, he c burnt incenfe in
the valley of the fon of Hinnom, and
burnt his children in the fire, after the
abominations of the heathen whom the
Lord had caft out before the children of
Ifrael. 4 He d facrificed alfo and burnt incenfe
in the high places, and on the hills-, and
under every green tree.
5 Wherefore the Lord e his God de
livered him into the hand of the king of

741.-
» I Kin. 16.1, 2, etc;-

b i Kin. 16. z. ch,
21. 6.

c Or offered fatrif tec ¦
Jet. 7. 31. Lev. 18-
11. Pf. 106. 37, 38,-
ch. 33. 2—0.

d z Kin. 16.4- Sc 17. ¦
9—11. 1 Kin. 14,
23. with Lev. 20..
30. Deut, 12. 2.

e 1 Kin. 18. 11. Mic.
3. II. Judg. 1. 14-
i Kin. 16:5, If. 7-
1,6.

fhame. The offices and ordinances of God's church are facred
and appropriate : it is at our higheft peril if we interfere with
them without his call. And when God's minifters magnify their
office, and boldly withftand the finful attempts of the greateft
monarchs, it is honourable and becoming. But how impatient are
the proud of faithful reproof or zealous oppofition ! The moft wife
and juft rebuke exafperates the wilful. And they who will not
fubmit to admonition rufh on their own ruin. God marks them
with difgraceful punifhments, anfwerable to their crimes. And,
when we feel his difpleafure, it is madnefs to perfift. Humiliation
is our only door of efcape. And fometimes, when fins are par
doned of God, they leave an indelible ftain among men.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — It is happy when chil
dren irnitate their parents' goodnefs, and carefully avoid their
faults. But hard is the tafk to bring an obdurate people off from
their corrupt cuftoms. And often magiftrates and minifters,., who
are tender and circumfpect in their own lives, have not courage
and zeal enough for doing what they might in the reformation of
others. A fixed ftedfaftnefs in the truth is the moft neceffary, and
at the fame time the moft excellent,, mean for the refiftance of evil
and performance of good. What reward hath godlinefs? — it hath
the promifes of this life, and that which is to come ! But alas ! the
beft-magiftrates and minifters are often quickly removed, and that
in order to make way for monfters to fill their place.

tyrians, Ifraelites, Edomites, Philif ines, CHAP. XXVIII. and Affyrians, by turns, difrefs Judah.

Before Chrift
74' •
> tMkDnrtttefei.

if2-Kin.15--37.If-9. 21. Mic. 1. 8, 9-

fries, font of valour.
s Ch. IS- 2- Jot- *•
19. 1 Kin. 15. 29,
30. If. 24- 5i 6.

J Heh. rfc* /«onrf ti
tht kmr.
li Mic. 2. io. .Deut.
jS. 2{, 41.

5 1 Kin. 10.38-42.
ch. 19. 1, 2.

TcPf.S9.16.If. 10. 5
Ezek. 25. 12.
Obad. 10. Zech.
U.'SS-

1 E2ra 9. 6. Gen. 4,
10. Rev. 18. j.

'-Lev. 15.39, 44.
n Jer. 25. 29. 1 Pet.
4- 17, 18.

Cj-If. ;S. 6. Heb. 13
l>3-

p Jam. 2. 13. Pf. 18
26, 27. 2 Kin. 23
26. Ezra 10. 14.
4 IChr. 13. 1. &
18.1.

1 Num. 31, 14. jofh,
«• 17, 18. Mat.
13- 31. Dan. be.
-iKin. 17. 7 — ij,
?°S,J»— xiii. 1 ,
*— lii.v. ix.

Syria; and they fmote him, and carried
away a great multitude of them captives,
and brought them to * Damafcus. And
he was alfo delivered into the hand of the
king of Ifrael, who fmote him with a
great flaughter.
6 For f Pekah the fon of Remaliah
flew in Judah an hundred and twenty
thoufand in one day, who were all + va
liant men, e becaufe they had forfaken
the Lord God of their fathers.
7 And Zichri, a mighty man of
Ephraim, flew Maafeiah the king's fon,
and Azrikam the governor of the houfe,
and Elkanah that was * next to the king.
8 f And the children of Ifrael h car
ried away captive of their brethren two
hundred thoufand, women, fons, and
daughters ; and took alfo away much
fpoil from them, and brought the fpoil
to Samaria.
9 But a prophet of the Lord was
there, whofe name was Oded : and l he
went out before the hoft that came to
Samaria, and faid unto them, Behold,
k becaufe the Lord God of your fathers
was wroth with Judah, he hath delivered
them into your hand, and ye have flain
them in a rage that reacheth * up unto
heaven. 10 And now ye purpofe to keep tinder
the children of Judah and Jerufalem
for m bond-men and bond-women unto
you : but are there not n with you, even
with you, fins againft the Lord your
God ?
1 1 Now hear me therefore, and ° de
liver the captives again, whom ye have
taken captive of your brethren ; p for the
fierce wrath of the Lord is upon you.
1 2 Then certain of the q heads of the
children of Ephraim, Azariah the fon of
Johanan, Berechiah the fon of Mefhille-
moth, and Jehizkiah the fon of Shallum,
and Amafa the fon of Hadlai, ftood up
againft them that came from the war,
13 And faid unto them, Ye fhall not
bring in the captives hither: for, whereas
we have offended againft the Lord al
ready, ye intend r to add more to our fins

againft

Before Chrift '
741.

and to our trefpafs : for our trefpafs is
great, and there is fierce wrath
Ifrael. 1 4 So the armed men left the captives
and the fpoil before the princes and all
the congregation. -
15 And the men who 5 were expreffed >v«.e.
by name rofe up, and took the captives,
and with the fpoil c clothed all that were * i™-^:^-,.
naked among them, and arrayed them, _rIi-lK,n-*-
and fhod them, and gave them to eat and
to drink, and anointed them, and carried
all the feeble of them upon affes, and
brought them to "Jericho, the city of "^m^-ik-.
palm trees, to their brethren : then they
returned to Samaria.
16 «f[ At that time did 1
x fend unto the kings of Affyria to help51,'
him. 17 For ^ again the Edomites had come y^.as.i8.ch.»s.
and fmitten Judah, and carried away
H captives. 1 8 The z Philiftines alfo had invaded
the cities of the low country and of the
fouth of Judah, and had taken "a Beth- *%£]&%.%,
fhemefh, and Aijalon, and Gederoth,
and Shocho with the villages thereof,
and Timnah with the villages thereof,
Gimzo alfo and the villages thereof: and

741.
Kin. 16. J, 7. If.
7. Jer. 17. 5.

II Heb. a tapli'vily.
z Eze'-c. 16. 27, 57.
Jofh. 15. 22 — 41.

4». 57-

b Pf. 106. 41— 43.
It. 1. 5—9. fcxgd.
V- 2J.

they dwelt there.
1 9 For the Lord b brought Judah low
becaufe of Ahaz king of Ifrael ; for he
made Judah naked, and tranfgreffed fore
againft the Lord.
And Tilgath-pilnefer king of Af- '^.¦ft-*'^

.20

5. 13. If. 7. zs. 8c
z. S2. Jer, 17. 5.

fyria came unto him, and diftreffed him,
but ftrengthened him not.
2 1 For Ahaz took d away a portion out dCtiso?:tcKSzif'
of the houfe of the Lord, and out of the
houfe ofthe king, and of the princes, and
gave // unto the king of Aflyria : but he
helped him not.
22 ^[ And ein the time of his diftrefs ^f^fill^
did he trefpafs yet more againft the Lord.

This is that king Ahaz.

3.13.
16. 11. pi. 52. 7.
Prov, 10. 7. Sc
29. I.

gods of

23 For he facrificed unto the
Damafcus, which fmote him : and he
faid, f Becaufe the gods of the kings
Syria help them, therefore will I facrifice
to them, that they may help me.
4P 2

nC f 2Kin. 16. 11. P;'.
UI 115. 4—7- Hab. 1.
11. Jer. 2.
25. 14, 15. If. 44.
V, 9—10. Sc 46. Iv2.
fJ.Ut & 45- «¦ Dew.
¦-"«• 32.15—22,

Ahaz dies ; is difgracefully buried. II. CHRONICLES.

Hezekiah reforms his kingdom.

Before Chrift
730.

* Or te offer.

k Ch. so. J4. & 17.
|7>S-

they were the ruin of him, and of all
; Ifrael. 24 And 'Ahaz gathered together the
E2Kin.i6.8.prov. veffels of the houfe of God, and g cut in
pieces the veffels of the houfe of God,
hch.29.3. and h fhut up the doors of the houfe of
ii_»;]c7S2.j|.f- the Lord; and he 'made him altars in
every corner of Jerufalem.
25 And in every feveral city ofjudah
he made high places *to bum incenfe
unto other gods, and provoked to anger
the Lord God of his fathers.
26 % k Now the reft of his 'adf s, and of
all his ways, firft and laft, behold, they
are written in the book of the kings of
Judah and Ifrael.
27 And Ahaz flept with his fathers,
and they buried him in the city, even
in Jerufalem : but they l brought him
not into the fepulchres of the kings of
Ifrael his ftead. CHAP. XXIX.
Now follows the good and glorious reign of Hezekiah.
Here is ( 1 ) His pious exhortation to the priefts
and Levites, when he replaced them in their temple
fervice after he had opened and repaired it; 1 — 11.
(2) In compliance with his admonition, they with
great care cleanfe the temple, and put things into
order; 12—19. (3) The 'ordinances- of the temple
worjhip are folemnly revived; and, while the priefts,
Levites, and fingers, attend their refipecl ive func
tions, Hezekiah, his princes and fubjecl sy with great
cheerfulnefs, offer a folemn facrifice for expiating the
guilt ofthe nation; 20 — 36.
EZEKIAH a began to reign when

i%&.

Ch. 21. 20. Sc 26.
Zi. Sc 33. 10.
. z Sam. z. 30.
Piov. id. 7.

And Hezekiah his fon reigned in

»iKin.lS.li-8.

H

he was five and twenty 'years old,
and he reigned nine and twenty years in
Jerufalem. And his mother's name was
ich i6.s-ir-8. 2. Abijah the daughter of b Zechariah.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII. — How amazing is the
ftrength of men's inward corruption, that can fo trample upon a
pious education and pattern! But fearful are the puniftiments
which God has in ftore for fuch enormous tranfgreffors : and mi
ferable are the nations who have fuch monfters of impiety for their
fovereigns. God makes the nations around concur to punifh the
apoftafy of his profeffing people. Often the very perfons or nations,
whom we have made our pattern in wickednefs, are made the in
ftruments of our punifhment. And dreadfully are the mightieft1
numbered to the flaughter When the Lord fighteth againft them.
But how tender his compaffion towards his offending people, even
while he fmites them ! He obferves and is provoked with thofe
who inhumanly murder or abufe them, efpecially if they be bre
thren, or act from principles of hatred or revenge. And when hef

2 And he c did that which was right
in the fight of the Lord, according to
all that David his father had done.
3 ^[ He, in the d firft year of his reign,
in the firft month, e opened the doors of
the houfe ofthe Lord, and repaired them.
4 And he brought in the priefts and
the Levites, and gathered them together
into the eaft ftreet,
5 And faid unto them, Hear me, ye
Levites ; f fanctify now yourfelves, and
fancfify the houfe of the Lord God of
your fathers, and carry forth s the filthi-
nefs out of the holy place.
6 For h our fathers have trefpaffed, and
done that which was evil in the eyes of
the Lord our God, and have forfaken
him, and have turned away their faces
from the habitation of the Lord, and
* turned their backs.
7 Alfo they have *' fhut up the doors of
the porch, and put out the lamps, and;
have not burned incenfe, nor offered
burnt-offerings in the holy place unto the
God of Ifrael.
8 Wherefore the k wrath of the Lord
was upon Judah and Jerufalem, and he
hath delivered them to trouble, to afto-
nifhment, and to hiffing, as ye fee with
your eyes.
9 For, lo, * our fathers have fallen
by the fword, and our fons, and our
daughter's, and our wives, are in capti
vity for this.
10 Now it is m in mine heart to make
a covenant with the Lord God of Ifrael,
that his fierce wrath may turn away from
us.

Before Chrift
726.
ciKin .15.5.&1,,
38. ch. 34. 2.
d Eccl. 9. 10. Pf.im,
59, 60. Prov. 8.17,
ch. 34. 3.
eCh.18.24. 2 Kin,
16. 14,

fExod. 19.10,15;
1 Chr. 15. 12,

g 2 Kin. 16. 12. i.i.
idols, &c.

hCh.28.2— 4,13,-^
25. Jer. 2. 27.

* Heb. given the tuti,
i Ch. 18. 24. with
Lev. 24, 1 — 8.

k Ch. 14. iS. & 28.
.5,6,17— -19- IKin.
9. B. Lev. 26- 14—
39. Dent. 28, 15
-J I.

1 Lev. 16. 17. ch. 1&
S-rS, 17-19.

mi Kin. 8. 17 2 Kin;
11.17. ch.15.12.fe
34. 30—32 Ezra
10. 3. Neh. ix. X.
2 Cor. 8.5.

pleafes he can, by his word and Spirit, render their moft outrageous
enemies kind and generous to them. They who are made fenfiblfr
of their own fins will fympathize with their brethren's fufferings.
It is better-to take warning late than never : and the victory of felf-
denial is more glorious than the necks of vanquifhed enemies.
It is the greateft honour to the mighty to be merciful. But,
when God lays afide one inftrument of correction, he often
takes another in his hand ; and turns the helps which we finfully
fecure into ruinous plagues. When we forfake God we muft
needs be difappointed in every other confidence. And defperately
hardened muft rnen be when both mercies and judgments render
them worfe and worfe. Happy is that nation where their tyran
nical monfters of wickednefs are quickly cut off by death, to make
way for better princes.

Levites and priefs purify the temple.

CHAP. XXIX.

Solemn offerings of atonement.

Mt«cb» j : jviy fong> n be not now negligent. :
^or ...*«»*- for the Lord hath ° chofen you to ftand
..W'*T"V°* before, him to ferve him, and that ye

him, and * burp.

t J Kin. 6. 33.1'.*.
the fanctuary, and
hoi/ of holies.

t, Num. 8. 14- Sc 18,
2-6. Deut. ,0.8. ftjouid mmifter unto
.Otofirfatrifce. ^^ 1 2 ^[ Then the Levites arofe ; Mahath
the fon of Amafai, and Joel the fon of
P£r,r.6.i.&i3. Azariah, of the fons of the p Kohathites :
and of the fons of Merari ; Kifh the fon
of Abdi, and Azariah the fon of Jeha-
lelel : and of the Gerfhonites ; Joah the
fon of Zimmah, and Eden the fon of
Joah:
, Lev. w. 4. 13 And of the fons of q Elizaph'an ;
"»^^47-& Shimri, and Jeiel : and r of the fons of
Afaph ; Zechariah, and Mattaniah :
1 4 And of the fons of Heman ; Jehiel,
and Shimei : and of the fons of Jeduthun ;
Shemaiah, and Uzziel.
15 And they gathered their brethren,
and fandtified themfelves, and came ac
cording to the commandment ofthe king,
,°L!LoltD^&fs by tne words ofthe Lord, to cleanfe
30' "' the houfe of the Lord.
1 6 And the priefts went into the ' inner
part of the houfe of the Lord to cleanfe
it, and brought out all the uncleannefs
that they found in the temple of the
Lord into the court of the houfe of
the Lord. And the Levites took //,
•fj^'aKin^tto carry // out abroad " into the brook
£ Si ,s',6'& Kidron. 1 7 Now they began on the firft day of
the firft month to fanctify, and on the
eighth day of the month came they to
,ioKi2j.6ver'.7!hn tne x porch of the Lord : fo they fandti
fied the houfe of the Lord in eight days ;
and in the fixteenth day of the firft month
they made an end.
1 8 Then they went in to Hezekiah the
king, and faid, We have cleanfed all the
-1 «*#£¦"¦ houfe of- the Lord, and the * altar of
burnt- offering, with all the veffels thereof,
and the fhew-bread table, with all the
veffels thereof.
1 9 Moreover, z all the veffels,. which
king Ahaz in his reign did caft away in
his traufgreffion, have we prepared and
fanctified, and, behold, they are before
the altar of the Lord.

JICh.18. ,.. 2 Kin.
tf-J4ii7>l8.

Before Chrift
726.

Exod. 6. 12,

2q ^[ Then Hezekiah the king arofe
early, and gathered the rulers of the aGen
city, and went up to the houfe of the j&cit,/^^'^,
Lord. 21 And they brought b feven bullocks, b1chr.15.16. Lev.
J O 7 4. 3 — 14. 2. L.or. 5,
and feven rams, and feven lambs, and Va'. & ,. "-^T
feven he goats, for a fin-offering for the i.1*^: &If.' if."
kingdom, and for the fanctuary, and for ,0-
Judah. And he commanded the priefts,
the fons of Aaron, to offer them on the
altar of the Lord.
22 So they killed the bullocks, and the
priefts received the blood, and c fprinkled c ^'neb-V"'9'
it on the altar : likewife, when they had
killed the rams, they fprinkled the blood
upon the altar : they killed alfo the lambs,
and they fprinkled the blood upon the
altar. 23 And. they brought + forth the hetHeb.n«r.
goats for the fin-offering before the king
and the gongregation; and they laid their
d hands upon them : & Lev. 4. ij, 14. &
24 And the priefts killed them ; and
they emade reconciliation with their blood '^-6-3o-&8.u,
-1 i_ai. j. 13. h ph. 1.
upon the altar, to make an atonement for 3.3',6.0k0'nf s!°.t
all Ifrael : for the king commanded that
the burnt- offering and the fin-offering
fhould be made for all Ifrael.
25 f And he fet the Levites in the houfe ^etzffsfzg.
of the Lord with cymbals, with pfal- ch'8'4'
teries, and with harps, according to the
commandment of David,, and of Gad the
king's feer, and Nathan the prophet : for
fo was the commandment + of the Lord *Heb-'» thc hmi *•
by his prophets.
26 And the Levites ftood g with the gicshri3SAmol
inftruments of David, and the priefts
with h the trumpets.
27 And Hezekiah commanded to offer
the burnt-offering upon the altar. And,
when the burnt-offering began, the ' fong s n-:7c_<-*,.&8r:
of the Lord began alfo with the trum
pets, and with the inftruments ordained
by David king of Ifrael.
28 And all the congregation wor
fhipped, and the fingers fang, and the-
trumpeters founded : and all this continued
until the burnt-offering was finifhed.
29 And, when they had made an end
of .offering, the king, and all that were

hNum.TO. lo.'ch.y.
ll. R»v. s- 9i u.

1,3- & 150. 3-5 «¦

'the purifed temple dedicated.
prefent with him,
and worfhipped.

II. CHRONICLES.

Hezekiah prepares for a paffover.

Before Chrift
726.
It Ch. 20. 18. Sc 7. 3.
ver. 28, 30. Gen.
47. 31. Exod. 4,31,

k bowed themfelves

1 1 Chr. 16. 7—36.
YU xcv. &c.

mExod. 12. 27. Lev
5.16. Deut. 32. 38
Lev. i — iii.

niKin.S. 63.0V 3.4

30 Moreover, Hezekiah the king and
the princes commanded the Levites to
¦fing praife unto the Lord, with l the
words of David, and of Afaph the feer.
And they fang praifes with gladnefs, and
they bowed their heads and worfhipped.
31 Then Hezekiah anfwered and faid,
Now ye have confecrated yourfelves
unto the Lord, come near, and bring
;m facrifices and thank-offerings into the
houfe of the Lord. And the congrega
tion brought in facrifices and thank-of
ferings, and as many as- were of a free
heart burnt-offerings.
32 And the n number of the burnt-of
ferings, which the congregation brought,
was threefcore and ten bullocks, an hun
dred rams, and two hundred lambs : all
thefe were for a burnt-offering to the
Lord. 22 And the " confecrated things were
fix hundred oxen and three thoufand
fheep. 34 But the * priefts were too few, fo
that they could not flay all the burnt-
qch.35.ii.& 30.17. offerings: wherefore their * brethren the
*:HeKj,rcnzth,n,d Levites * jy help them till the work was
ended, and until the other priefts had
fanctified themfelves : for the Levites were
more upright in heart to fanctify them
felves than the priefts.
2$ And alfo the burnt-offerings were

• Peace-offerings.
Ver. 31. ch.7. 4, j

t- Sanctified ones.
Ver.5,6.ch. jc.6.

s Exod. 29. 13. Lev.
.1. 1.
s Gen. 35. 14. Lev.
23. 13. Num. 15.
5—10.
1 1 Chr. 29. 9, 18. ch.
15. 15. & 23. 18,
11. 8c 30. 21, 26.

I The!

f. 2. 19, 1

in abundance, with the * fat of the peace-
offerings, and the ° drink-offerings for
every burnt-offering. So the fervice of
the houfe of the Lord was fet in order.
36 And Hezekiah ' rejoiced, and all the

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — What ftrange alterations
the change of a fovereign may produce in a nation! And great is
the mercy when God gives good men power after they have long
been unwilling fpe&ators of wickednefs- It is highly honourable
when thofe in high ftations give to the Lord the firft beginnings
of their power and influence. And, when God gives opportunity,
with earneftnefs, humble grief, and holy zeal, fhould men reform
their neglects, and turn to the Lord. Corrupters of religion often
leave the church and ordinances of God in the greateft confufion.
And it is neceflary to ponder the punifhments of former fins, in
order to render us hearty and active in our reformation. And
much may be done in a fliort time if all concerned be diligent.
Honourable are thofe minifters whom God ftirs up to be leaders

Before Chrift
Jz6.

people, that God had prepared the people :
for the thing was done fuddenly.
CHAP. XXX-
Informs us of the folemn paffover which He-xekiah and
his fubjeils obferved in the firft year of Ms reign.
( 1 ) He, his princes and people, upon deliberate con-
fultation, refalve to keep it in the fecond month, as
they could not be ready to obferve it in the firft ; 2 — 5.
(2) He invites not only his own Juhjecls,. but alfo
the Ifraelites, to keep it at Jeritfalem; 1,- 6 — 10.
(3) The people of Judah, and -even fome Ifraelites,
obferve it with great gladnefs, and double their feaf!
of unleavened bread; 11—16,21 — 27. {if) Many
of the obfervers had not duly prepared or managed
themfelves ; but fhe Lord, at Hezekiah 's requeft,
pardoned their miftakes ; 17 — 20 .
AND Hezekiah fent to all a Ifrael and aa..„.,j,,s.
Judah, and wrote letters alfo to
b Ephraim and Manaffeh, that they fhould bl^!f;
come to the houfe of the Lord at Jerufa
lem, to c keep the paffover unto the Lord cf^f 6n™-.
God of Ifrael .to's-V-*
2 For the king had 4 taken counfel, * 10.1.13.1.?™.
O > '• '4- SC 15. 22.
and his princes, and all the congregation &H-6-
in Jerufalem, to keep the paffover ein the eta-9-".n.
fecond month.
3 For they could not keep it at f that f?X05?I|:|7(,I,
time, becaufe the priefts E had not fane- Le"^J.
tified themfelves fufficiently,- neither had 6 ' *9' 34"
the people gathered themfelves together
to Jerufalem.
4 And the thing * pleafed the king •JE^yjgSg,
and all the congregation.
5 So they eftablifhed a decree to make
proclamation h throughout all Ifrael^ from
Beer-fheba even to Dan, that they fhould
come to keep the paffover unto the Lord
God of Ifrael at Jerufalem : for they had
not done it of a long time in fuch fort as
it was written.
6 So the pofts went with the letters

h Judg. 20. 1. 1 Kin.
4.25. 1 Chr. 21.2.
ch. 7. 8. , Holhea
did not hinder his
fublctts from wcr-
ihipping thc true
God at Jerufalem.
2 Kin, 17. i.

'n the work of reformation, to provoke their brethren to jealoufy:
and glorious is the fight when they cheerfully work to one another's
hands in reforming the church, — when kings, princes, priefts,
and people, vie with one another in improving Jefus Chrift "as
the great propitiation for fins, and in ferious -repentance of former
fins, and returning to the obfervance of all God's ordinances,
grudging neither coft nor care \ They will then find their work
much more eafy than they expectedl But alas ! that priefts, who
ought to be leaders, are often the moft unqualified- and carelefs ;
and need fo repeatedly to be ftirred up to that which is peculiarly
their work! But they who love God's altar will delight to fupport
the fervice ; „nd paft neglects will quicken them to more abundant
diligence.

Hezehiah keep a folemn paffover, and

CHAP. XXX.

a double feaf of unleavened bread.

Before Chrift
7.26.
fHeb./rwi the hand.

lH«f. 14- I- Ezek.
33. 11. Joel 2. 12.
ch. 15.2. iSam. 2.
.0. Zeeb. 1. 1, 16.
ler.iS. 8.

IciKin. 15.19,19.
th. 28. 20. .11.1. 9-

rE2ck,20. 18. Exod.
31.9. PI. 78.7. «•

+ from the king and his princes through
out all Ifrael and Judah, and according
to the commandment of the king, fay

ing,

Ye children of Ifrael,

turn again

% Bob. harden in*
jnur nftii.
mCh.j6.i3- If- 4«- 4-
u Heb. rhie the hand.
1 Chr. 29. 24-
£zra id. 19.

0 Ch. 18. 11, is-
iKin. 23. lo
ver. 9.

tvCh.7-. 14. 1 Kin. 8.
50. Pf. 106. 46.
Lev. 26. 40— «.
Deut. 30. 43. Sc
31. 36. Sc 4.20—
31. Hof. 14- J- Jot-
r. 12—14, ii-
lam. 3, 32,

e;.Exod.34.6.2Kin. 13. 23. Pf. J4S- 7,
8. & 86. 5, is- Sc
exxxvi. Jer. 3. 12,
13. Sc 31. 19, 20.
U- SS- 3i 7- ).«->
6.37-

tCen. 19. 14. ch. 36.
j6. Mark 5. 40.

eAfls 17. 34. ch. 11.
16. ver. 18.

tPf.Iio. 3. Exod.
12. 6. Acts 1. 46,
Jw. 32. 39.

u Num. g. 10, IT.
ver. 2,3. Exod. 23.
17. ver. 15,47, iS.

XCh. 18.14. If. i- 17
— 21. ch, 19. 16.

unto the Lord God of Abraham, Ifaac,
and Ifrael, and he will return to the
10 remnant of you that are efcaped out of
the hand of the kings of Aflyria.
7 And be not ye1 like your fathers,
and like your brethren, who trefpaffed
againft the Lord God of their fathers,
who therefore gave them up to defoliation,
as ye fee.
8 Now + be ye not m ftiff-necked as
your fathers were, but " yield yourfelves
unto the Lord, and enter into his fanc
tuary, which he hath fanctified for ever:
and ferve the Lord your God, that ° the
fiercenefs of his wrath may turn away
from you.
9 For, if ye p turn again unto the Lord,
your brethren and your children fhall fnd
compaffion before them that lead them
captive, fo-that they fhall come again
into this land : for the Lord your God
is q gracious and mereiful, and will : not
turn away his face from you if ye return
unto him-
ro So the pofts paffed from city to city
through the country of Ephraim and
Manaffeh, even unto Zebulun : but they
r laughed them to fcorn, and mocked
them. 1 1. Neverthelefs, s divers of Afher, and
Manafleh, and of Zebulun, humbled
themfelves, and came to Jerufalem.
12 Alfo in Judah the 'hand of God
was to give them one heart to do the
commandment of the king and of the
princes, by the word of the Lord.
13 % And there affembled at Jerufalem
much people ta keep the feaft of unlea
vened bread " in the fecond month, a very
great congregation.
14 And they arofe and took away the
*¦ altars that were in Jerufalem, and all the
altars for incenfe took they away, and caft
them into the brook Kidron.
15 Then they killed the paffover on
the fourteenth day of the fecond month :

Before Chrift
726.
ytli. ztj. 34.IC1.19.

II Heb. thcirflandinz.
z Exod. 12. 3. Lev.
I.e.

a Ch. 29. 34. Sc u-
11.

and the y priefts and the Levites were
afhamed, and fanctified themfelves-, and
brought in the burnt-offerings into the
houfe of the Lord.
1 6 And they ftood in " their place after
their manner, z according to the law
of Mofes the man of God : the priefts
fprinkled the blood, which they received
of the hand of the Levites.
1 7 For there were many in the con
gregation that were not fanctified : there
fore a the Levites had the charge of the
killing of the paffovers for every one that
was not clean, to fanctify them unto the
Lord- 1 8 For a multitude of the people, even
many of Ephraim, and Manafleh, Ifla
char, and Zebulun, b had not cleanfed
themfelves, yet did they eat the paflbver
otherwife than it was written. But He
zekiah c prayed for them, faying, The
good Lord pardon every one
19 T'hat d prepareth his heart to feek d ^''^'Si?'
God, the Lord God of his fathers, though
he be not cleanfed according to the e puri
fication of the fanctuary.
20 And the Lord hearkened to Heze
kiah, and f healed the people.
21 And the children of Ifrael that
Were * prefent at Jerufalem kept s the
feaft of unleavened bread feven days
h with great gladnefs : and the Levites
and the priefts praifed the Lord day by
day, fnging with + loud inftruments unto
the Lord.
22 And Hezekiah fpake i comfortably
unto all the Levites that taught the
k good knowledge ofthe Lord : and they
did eat throughout the feaft feven days,
offering peace-offerings, and ' making
confeflion to the Lord God. of their
fathers. 23 And the whole aflembly took coun
fel m to keep other feven days : and they
kept other feven days with' gladnefs.
24 For Hezekiah king ofjudah "did
give to the congregation a thoufand bul-
locks and feven thoufand fheep ; and the
princes gave to the congregation a thou
fand. bullocks and ten thoufand fheep :

b Num.19. 20- 1 Cor.
11. 28.

cCen.20.7,i7.Jatn. 5 16. If. 45.11.

e Lev. xi — xv.
Num. xix.

f Jam. j. iG, 17. Pi*.
103.3.11.57.18.

* Heb. found.
g Exod. l2„iejLov.
23.6. lCor.5.7,8.
h NeB;- 8. io. ch. 7.
10. ver. 26-ch. 2Q,
36. V
t Heb. inftruments of.
flreneth.

i'Heb. to the heart cf
cs'', Sec. If. 40. 1,
2. Hof. 2. 14. ch.
32. (,..
k 2 Tim. 4. 2. Eccl.
9- 10, 11. Rom. iz.
1—3-
1 Jer. 3. 13. Pf. Cv.
cvi. & 50. 23.J0II1.
7-J9»

m 1 Kin. 8. 6j.
n Ch. 35. 7, 8.

Idolatry is extirpated, and payment H. CHRONICLES. ofthe Levites' facred dues eftablifhed

Ee'bre Chrift
726.

p 1 Kin. 8. 65. ch. 7
8,9-

<)Ch.l3.9,l°.Num 6. 23—26.

and a great number of priefts fanctified
"'' : " themfelves. 25 And all the congregation of Judah,
with the priefts and the Levites, and all
the congregation that came out of Ifrael,
.prates. Exod. and the "ftrangers that came out. of the
lth45' land of Ifrael, and that dwelt in Judah,
rejoiced. 26 So there was great joy in Jerufa
lem : for fince the p time of Solomon, the
fon of David king of Ifrael, there was not
the like in Jerufalem.
2 7 % Then the 1 priefts the Levites
arofe and blefied the people : and their
voice v/as heard, and their prayer came
r Heb. the habitation ... -1*111 n- i ,
.n,i, «¦»,-,. pc up to r his holy dwelling place, even unto
66-1, ' heaven.
C H A P. XXXI.
Here (1) The obfervers of the late paffover deftroy
the remainders of idolatry in their refpeclive cor
ners; 1. (2) Hezekiah fettles the prie/ls> and Le
vites in their proper employments ; and by his own
tounty, and by levying the firft-fruits and tithes
from the people, makes fufficient provifion for them ;
2 — 10. (3) Proper ftorehoufis and commiffitrners
are appointed for ¦ the diftribution of it; II — 19.
(4) In all his undertakings, Hezekiah ails with
great integrity ; 20, 2 1 .
NOW, a when all this was finifhed,
all Ifrael that were *' prefent went
b 1 Kin! is. 4. Dem. out to the cities of Judah, and b brake
,. s. ch. 34. j-7- tjLie + imaD-es in pieces, and cut down the
fsiebjat""- ° 1 1 r 1 , i-i 1
groves, and threw down the high places
and the altars out of all Judah and Ben
jamin, in Ephraim alfo and Manafleh,
tHebjj-riir.™*. + until they had utterly deftroyed them
all. Then all the children of Ifrael re
turned every man to his pofleflion into
their own cities.

a joih. 7. 10— 13,
Ezra 10. I, 2.
Prov. zi. 3.
* Heb. found.

2 % And Hezekiah appointed the
c courfes of the priefts, and the Levites
after their courfes, every man according
to his fervice, the priefts and Levites for
burnt-offerings and for peace-offerings,
to minifter, and to give thanks, and
to praife in the gates of the tents of the
Lord. -
3 He appointed alfo the c king's por
tion of his fubftance for the burnt-offer
ings, to wit, for the morning and even
ing burnt-offerings, and the- burnt-ioffer-
ings for the fabbaths, and for the new
moons, and for the fet feafts, as /'/ is
written in the law of the Lord.
4*Moreove;r, he commanded the people
that- dwelt in Jerufalem to give e the
portion of the priefts and the Levites,
that they might be encouraged in the law
of the Lord.
5 % And, as foon as the commandment
II came abroad, the children of Ifrael
f brought in abundance the firft fruits of
corn, wine, and oil, and * honey, and
of all the increafe of the field ; and the
tithe of all things brought they in abun
dantly. 6 And concerning the children of Ifrael
and Judah, that dwelt in the cities of
Judah, they alfo brought in the tithe of
oxen and fheep, and the g tithe of holy
things which were confecrated unto the
Lord their God, and laid them- h by
heaps. 7 In the ' third month they began to
lay the foundation of the heaps, and
finifhed them in the feventh month.
8 And, when Hezekiah and the princes

Before Chrin
725» See.
c I Chr. xxiii—
xxvi, & 16. 37—42,

dlCht.26.26.Exnd. ' *9- J?-*!i- Nam,
xxviii. xxix. xv.

e Num. 18. 9— it.
Neh. 13. ic, n.
1 Cor. 9. 14, If. 8,

II Heb. brah forth.
f Exod. 23. 19. Lev.
27. 36. Deut, 14. 28,
* Or dates.

g Lev. 27. 30. Deut.
14. 23. .

h Heb. heaps heaps,
Judg. 15.16.

i Lev. 23. 16—241

Reflections upon Chap. XXX. — God's ordinances ought
not to be neglected on account of a mere circumftance. It is
beft to engage people to duty when they are in a proper temper.
And we ought to ftir up all whom we can to the worfhip and
fervice of God, and that by the moft engaging motives; reprefent-
ing to them the mercies and judgments of God, and his promifes
and threatenings. It is never too late for finners to return while
the calls of mercy are continued : and it is only impenitence per-
fifted in that becomes fatal. If we do all that we can to encourage
them, their blood muft be on their own heads if they obftinately
refufe. Better that our invitations fliould be derided than that God
fhould be difhonoured, and one foul murdered by our floth. And,
though few are faved, a remnant fhall hear, fear, and humble them
felves, and return to the Lord. What a fhame it is when, on

the contrary, minifters, through their inactivity, hinder the people
in the fervice of G od ! But pleafant is the work when the worlhip-
pers of God have fuch delight in his fervice, that they grudge
neither coft nor time for it, and can hardly bear its conclufion.
And God in mercy will provide his people with ufeful minifters,
when many, who ought to be fuch, are fcandaloufly negligent'
He is a God- of infinite grace; ready to accept our fincere con-
feffions of our fins, hear our prayers,' and forgive our tranfgref-
fions. If we are butfincerely defirous to honour him, he \yill,
through the blood of his Son, readily pardon our manifold infir
mities. Yea, we have an advocate with the Father, Jefus Chrift
the righteous; who -prefents our perfons and our fervices, and ren
ders all acceptable in his fight.

"Regulations for payment

k2Sam, 20. y,i4-GBn-'J4
20. iKin. 8.14,15

rjiMal. 3. lo,n-
Hag. 2- 19. Prov.
3. 8 — 10. 1 Tim.
6. 8. Sc 4, S.

f Otftorehatfet.

B7^:&cr:ft came and faw the heaps, they k blefled
6.18. 1 chr. the Lord and his people Ifrael.
9 Then Hezekiah queftioned with the
priefts and the Levites concerning the
heaps.
"?£&££ 10 ' And Azariah the chief prieft of
the houfe of Zadok anfwered him, and
faid, m Since the people began to bring the
offerings into the houfe of the Lord, we
have had enough to eat, and have left
plenty: for the Lord hath bleffed his
people ; and that which is left is this
great ftore.
11 ^[Then Hezekiah commanded to
prepare t- chambers in the houfe of the
Lord : and they prepared them,
1 2 And brought in the offerings, and
the tithes, and the dedicated things, faith -
nftrhr.ii. 20-26. fully : n over which Cononiah the Levite
was ruler, and Shimei his brother was
the next.
13 And Jehiel, and Azaziah, and
Nahath, and Afahei, and Jerimoth, and
Jozabad, and Eliel, and Ifmachiah, and
Mahath, and Benaiah, were overfeers
tsA.aib.ba»i. X under the hand of Cononiah and Shi
mei his brother, at the commandment
of Hezekiah the king, and Azariah the
ruler of the houfe of God.
1 4 And Kore the fon of Imnah the
Levite, ° the porter toward the eaft, was
over the free-will offerings of God, to
diftribute the oblations of the Lord and
the fmoft holy things.
15 And II next him were Eden, and
Miniamin, and Jefhua, and Shemaiah,
Amariah, and Shecaniah, in the ' cities of
the priefts, in their * fet office, to give to
their brethren by courfes, as well to the
great as to the fmall :
16 Befide their genealogy of males,
from three years old and upward, even
unto every one that entereth into the

CHAP. XXXI. XXXII. of tithes, &o.
houfe of the Lord, his + daily portion

• IKin. 11. 6
ch. 13. 5.

p Heb. holineffes of
holintffei. Lev. 2.
3, 10. & 6 18, 22,
nt\e\s.b,ththandof. e, Jolh. 21. 9—19.
1 Chr. 6. 54—60.

• Or truft.

•Reflections upon Chap. XXXI. — It is comfortable to go
home from folemn work with the bleffing of God upon us, and
our heart inflamed with holy zeal againft every thing finful.
And well beftowed is that labour or expenfe which we lay out in
abolifhing idolatry, or reftoring the true worfhip of God. How
comely is it when great men, by their generous prefents, encou
rage (Others to beftow their refpective dues upon the fervice and
fcrvants of God! The gofpel miniftry might be eafily and com-
Vol. I.

Before Chrilt
for their fervice in their charges according T Heb. /•„¦<;.. ".---
1 . _ i-> ^ oi' the duj ttp'-r-. hn
to their courfes ; dJ>-
1 7 Both to the genealogy of the priefts
by the houfe of their fathers, and the
Levites, r from twenty years old and up- '^.'iificf',.
ward, in their charges by their courfes ;
18 And to the genealogy of all their
little ones, their wives, and their fons,
and their daughters, through all the
congregation: for in their Met of- 5 22.^:15 air'9'
' fice they fanctified themfelves in hoii
nefs :
19 Alfo the fons of Aaron the priefts,
which zvere c in the fields of the fuburbs « Lcv- *i- 34- Num.
3S. 2.
of their cities, in every feveral city, the
men that were exprefled by name, to give
portions to all the males among the priefts,
and to all that were reckoned by genea
logies among the Levites.
20 ^[ And thus did Hezekiah through
out all Judah, and u wrought that which "^"o&l^;
was good, and right, and truth, before t.d>i"4'l6,2tOT'
the Lord his God.
21 And in every work that he began
in the fervice of the houfe of God, and
in the law, and in the commandments,
to feek' his God, he did it * wifh all his xli<%.%&!i)C!lo:
heart, and y profpered.

CHAP. XXXII.
Coincides with 2 Kings xviii — xx. and If. xxxvi—
xxxix. ; and concludes the hiftory of Hezekiah.
Here are ( I ) The invafion which Sennacherib king
of Affyria made upon him; and the care which he
took to fortify himfelf and his capital^ andthe minds
of the inhabitants; l-r-8. (2) The infolent and
blafphemous meffages which Sennacherib fent to him ;
9 — 19. (3) God's effectual anfwer to Sennache
rib's railing and Hezekiah' s prayers, in the deftruc
tion and total rout of the Affyrians, to Hezekiah' s
great honour; 20 — 23. (4) His mortal ficknefs
and recovery ; his finful pride and ingratitude, and
humiliation for it ; 24 — 26,31. (5) His zvealth,
aflivity, and fuccefs, when living ; and his honours
when dead; 27 — 33.

y Neh. 9. 20 — 22.
Prov. 3. 9, 10.
Hag. 1. 5—19.
Mat. 6. 33. 1 Tim.
4,8. Mal. 3. 10,11.

fortably maintained, did every one concerned minifter according
to his ability. And with great care ought facred revenues to be
preferved and managed, that none of Jefus' fervants or their fami
lies may lack what is neceffary: for it is fcandalous that fome*
fhould riot in luxury, while their brethren, more laborious and,
faithful, fhould be almoft ftarved for want. But with great confi
dence may we expert that God will honour and fucceed our reli
gious endeavours when we engage in them with our whole heart. "
40.

Sennacherib invades Judea.

II. CHRONICLES.

His blafphemom meffages.

Before Chrift
713-

a Ch. xxix— xxxi.

AFTER a thefe things, and the efta-
blifhment thereof, b Sennacherib

?Heb. ovtrftgwed.

b irK36. \*&l'. ?h:' king °f Aflyria came and entered into
». 1. &' 14 9. Judah, and encamped againft the fenced
'^'ttn'lt,'4™. cities, and thought q to win them for
himfelf. 2 And, when Hezekiah faw that Sen-
^It.ft&ZX nacherib was come, and that dhe was
purpofed to fight againft Jerufalem,
3 He took counfel with his princes
'iMitt^iZ:9' an^ his mighty men, to c flop the waters
of the fountains which were without the
city ; and they did help him.
4 So there was gathered much people
together, who flopped all the fountains,
fver-3o.,Kin.,.33. an(j the 1 brook that * ran through the
midft of the land, faying, Why fhould
the kings of Aflyria come and find much
water ? _
5 *Alfo he ftrengthened himfelf, and
Ech. i5-»3. built up all the wall B that was broken,
h zKin. 15. 4. j«. and raifed it up to the towers, and h an-
iisam.5.9.iKin. other wall without, and repaired 'Millo
,1 27. & 9- is- -n ^g cjt Q£ ^ry^vid, and made k darts
\% Or fwords, or-wca- J 7
pns.as. 26.14,15- and fhields in abundance.
6 And he fet captains of war over the
people, and gathered them together to
him in the ftreet of the gate of the city,
*£;/"*""*"'' and r fpake comfortably to them, faying,
Hoft. 1.6,9.1 cor. 7 Be 'ftrong and courageous ; be not
iKin.'6.i6.i5johii afraid nor difmayed for the king of Af
fyria, nor for all the multitude that is with
him : for there be more with us than
with him :
«. jer. 17. 5, 7-th. 8 With him is an marm of flefh; but
i}. iz. Kcm.e. jr.
a. 2. ii. & 4i-io- wjtj1 us-/j the Lord our God to help us,
and to fight our battles. And the people
"refted themfelves upon the words of
Hezekiah king of Judah.
9 *([ ° After this did Sennacherib king
'k^-IT35' of Aflyria fend his fervants to Jerufalem,
(but he himfelf laid fiege againft Lachifh,
t Heb. icmsnim. and all + his power with him,) unto He
zekiah king of Judah, and unto all Judah
that were at Jerufalem, faying,
10 Thus faith Sennacherib king of
-,pr.4i-3,ic-&7'- Aflyria, p Whereon qdo ye truft, that ye
«•*« ye fittingr- abide H in the fiege in Jerufalem?
z^loctt.'s.'sf1' 1 1 Doth not Hezekiah perfuade you
t&inth/itww- 10 give over yourfelves to die by famine

11 Heb. leaned. Ch.
ao. 20. Mark 5. 36

710.

x h O W x ExoJ- 5- «• pr- >*¦'
3. Dan. 3. 15.

and by thirft, faying, r The Lord our **££*
God fhall deliver us out of the hand of iPf..y.il3.j„7
the king of Aflyria ? S£ ?lS' *7>
1 2 Hath not the fame Hezekiah s taken '^"j,,1*;"-
away his high places and his altars, and
commanded Judah and Jerufalem, faying,
Ye fhall worfhip before one altar, and
burn incenfe upon it ?
1 2 Know ye not what I and my fathers
have done unto all the people of other
lands ? ' Were the gods of the nations of ' "«'• }\v-- k
0 115.4— 8. iKin,
thofe lands any ways able to deliver their lUl^^
lands out of mine hand? 4s-«.ic«.».4.
1 4 Who was there among all the gods
of thofe nations, that my fathers utterly
deftroyed, that could deliver his people
out of mine hand, that your God fhould
be able to deliver you out of mine hand ?
15 Now therefore u let not Hezekiah " __?_4."__f8. S.
deceive you, nor perfuade you on this 7~"'
manner, neither yet believe him : for no
god of any nation or kingdom was able
to deliver his people out of mine hand,
and out of the hand of my fathers
much lefs fhall your God deliver you out '&.!?:£"'
of mine hand ?
16 And his fervants fpake * yet more 'r2P^-,s- K?;
againft the Lord God, and againft his I4'y"
fervant Hezekiah.
1 7 He ' wrote alfo letters to rail on the ZI37Ki"4-.,tf3.''J.
Lord God of Ifrael, and to fpeak againft
him, faying, As the gods of the nations
of other lands have not delivered their
people out of mine hand, fo fhall not the
God of Hezekiah deliver his people out
of mine hand.
18 Then they a cried with aloud voice » iKin. imj-us.
it » r 1 1 1 1 Sam. 17. ».
in the Jews fpeech unto the people of
Jerufalem that were on the wall, to af
fright them, and to trouble them ; that
they might take the city.
1 9 And they fpake b againft the God
of Jerufalem, as againft the gods of the
people of the earth ivhich were the work
of the hands of man. c d*„V it &
20 f And c for this caufe Hezekiah the " '
king and the prophet Ifaiah the fon of
Amoz prayed and cried to heaven.
21 d And the Lord fent an angel, ->9^*-/£
; which cut off all the mighty men of va- i^j^*

b 2 Kin. IS. 34,35- K
10. 10 — 15. vet.
13—17.

710.
d 2 Kin. 10, 35—57-
If. 37. 36, 37-
2 Sam. 24. 16. Job
9, 4, 13. If. 10.1*

the miraculous ruin of Sennacherib's army. CHAP. XXXIII. Hezekiah 's great riches, and death.

Before Chrift
710.

lour, and the leaders and captains in the
camp of the king of Aflyria. So he re
turned with fhame of face to his own
land. And, when he was come into the
houfe of his god, they that came forth of
iak.»_.K-/-z. his own bowels II flew him there with the
fword.
t,f..o7IL3.& 22 Thus the Lord e faved Hezekiah
Vs:a:3,.i>-an(j the inhabitants of Jerufalem from
the hand of Sennacherib the king of Af
fyria, and from the hand of all other, and
fPf.77.io.&23.i. f guided them on every fide.
g4Sl2rchM.7.i!"' 23 And many g brought gifts unto the
ir. 39.1. Lord to Jerufalem, and * prefents to
VA&b.prct.tutthingt. ,.,.*'. r T 1 1 r- 1 1
Hezekiah king of J udah : f o that he was
magnified in the fight of all nations from
thenceforth.
7*3* .-
hiKin.io.j.ir.38. 24 % h In thofe days Hezekiah was fick
^fj-il','9' Job to the death, and prayed unto the Lord :
i°Lif?«&"*' and ne fpake unto him, and he 'gave

if. 38. 7, 8,21.
iKin. 20. 7, II.
kPf. 78. II.&I05.
13. Sc 116. 12,13.
Luke 17. 18.

him a fign.

1 Ch. 25. 19.
Hab. a. 4.

25 But Hezekiah k rendered not again
according to the benefit done unto him ;
for [ his; heart was lifted up: therefore
mGen.2a7.2sam. there was m wrath upon him, and upon
24.1, 15. pr. 99. 8. r ? r
{Tt iev! 1 19. Judah and Jerufalem.
¦ rn.i6.igj imn. 26 Notwithftanding, Hezekiah nhum-
JT^jer.";??- bkd himfelf for + the pride of his heart,
,4' both he and the inhabitants of Jerufalem,
,f' fo that the wrath of the Lord came not
upon them in the days of Hezekiah.
•fchr'.'^'ji;]: 27 % And Hezekiah had "exceeding
jsarn.20',"'Mat. much riches and honour : and he made
himfelf treafuries for filver, and for gold,
and for precious ftones, and for fpices,
and for fhields, and for all manner of
t*£*nt-*<t pleafant jewels;
28 Storehoufes alfo for the increafe of
corn, and wine, and oil ; and flails for
all manner of beafts, and cotes for flocks.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXII. — Never are Satan and his
agents more ready to harafs the people of God than when they are
¦employed in the work of reformation : and thus God juftly punifhes
his people for their hypocrify and indifference in his fervice.
Proud men hope to carry all to their mind, if their firft attempts
are fuccefsful. But, when war or danger is threatened, we muft
prepare for it by every proper mean, remembering after all to reft
chiefly on the powerful protection and afliftance of God. Strong
faith in him will help us above the fear of man. If our adverfaries
difcover their enmity to God and our fouls, by boafting and blaf
phemy, let us give' ourfelves to mourning and prayer: fo fhall the

Before Chrift
700.

29 Moreover, he provided him cities
and pofleflions of flocks and herds in
abundance : for * God had given him p 1^?*;*:%
fubftance very much.
30 This fame Hezekiah alfo ^ flopped * ,^'i1,^:
the upper water -courfe of Gihon, and c'5>'1
brought it ftraight down to the weft fide
of the city of David. And Hezekiah
profpered in all his works.
31 ^[Howbeit, in the bufinefs of the
II ambafladors of the princes of Babylon, " Heb- *****",
who r fent unto him to inquire of the r ^KT_23°- "• ,r'
wonder that was done in the land, God
left him, sto try him, that he might tf^\^i^K.
know all that was in his heart.
32 5f Now £ the reft of the acts of ;{-g;|:r;"f f-
Hezekiah, and his * goodnefs, behold, it&k^f
they are written u in the vifion of Ifaiah *Heb.*iw«jr«.
the prophet the fon of Amoz, and in the " \^f^i-S.:
book of the kings of Judah and Ifrael.
22 And Hezekiah flept with his fathers, 6^-
and they buried him in the + chiefeft of t0'***
the fepulchres of the fons of David : and
all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerufalem
did him * honour at his death. And Ma
naffeh his fon reigned in his ftead. -
CHAP. XXXIII.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings xxi. Here is.(i) Ma
naffeh' s long reign, and terrible wickednefs, idolatry,
witchcraft, murder, &c. i — 9. (2) The Lord's
rebuke of it by b'is prophets; 10: and punifhment
of it by captivity; II. (3) Manaffeh' s return to
God by repentance; his return to his kingdom, and
profperity in it ; and his partial reformation of it ;
12 — 17. (4) A fummary account of his life and
death; 18 — 20. (5) The great wickednefs and
fpeedy deftruclion of Amon his fucceffor; 21 — 25.
MANASSEH a was twelve years old 'SlgiTf:,.
when he began to reign, and he t >i- ""¦! \Ml'
reigned fifty and five years in Jerufalem :
2 But did that which was evil in the

x I Sam.2. 30. Prov,
10. 7. Gen. 50.7-i-
12. Num. 20. 29. ¦
Deut. 34. 8. 1 Sam.
ic. 1. cii. 16. 14.

iffue be terrible to them, and happy and honourable to us. But
how criminal is ingratitude to God for his fingular, his miraculous,
favours ! The pride of his own children is efpecially odious and
provoking to hjm ; and it becomes us carefully to guard againft,
and heartily to hate it. Aftonifhing is the wifdom of God, that car*,
make fins, as well as fufferings, the means of his people's trial
and humiliation. lie delights to honour thofe whom his grace
hath enabled remarkably to honour him. And noted piety and
activity for God are the true way to be happy and profperous in
life, and to die revered and juftly lamented.
+ Q.2

Manaffeh reigns moft wickedly.

II. CHRONICLES. Is carried to Babylon ; repents, &c.

Before Chrift
698.

b Deut. 18. 9, 10.
Lev. 18. 3—28.
ch. 28. 2 — 4.
c Heb. he returned
and built Eccl. 2.
19.
al i Kin. iS. 4. Sc 21.
3. ch. 31. 1. Sc 32.

fight of the Lord, like unto the b abomi
nations ofthe heathen, whom the Lord
had caft out before the children of Ifrael.
3 For c he built again the high places
which Hezekiah his father had d broken
down, and e he reared up altars for Baa-
ewithDeut.16.21. hm, and made groves, and worfhipped
ch. 28. 2-:4. aii the hoft of heaven, and ferved them.
4 Alfo he built altars in the houfe of
the Lord, whereof the Lord had faid,
fD8.U29U&"1-hn: f In Jerufalem fhall my name be for ever.
iioii^iIV'verV. 5 And he built g altars for all the hoft
^.'jfr'.Tis.14' of heaven in the two courts ofthe houfe
of the Lord.
6 And he h caufed his children to pafs
"'aI' through the fire in the valley of the fon
of Hinnom : alfo he obferved times, and
ufed enchantments, and ufed witchcraft,
and dealt with a familiar fpirit, and with
wizards : he wrought much evil in the
of the Lord, to provoke him to

h Lev. 18. 21. Deut.
18. 10. iKin. 21.
6. &23. 10. If. S
19. Jer. 7. 31 °
32. 30—35,

fight

anger.

. j 1 Sam. 7. 10. Pf.
131. 13, 14. 1 Kin.
%. 23. lee ver. 4.

fc Lev. 26. I— 13.
Deut. 28. 1—14.

7 And he let a carved image (the idol
which he had made) in the houfe of God,
of which ' God had faid to David and to
Solomon his fon, In this houfe, and in
Jerufalem, which I have chofen before
all the tribes of Ifrael, will I put my name
for ever :
8 Neither will I any more remove the
foot of Ifrael from out of the land which
I have appointed for your fathers ; k fo
-,4.ii-.j..9- that they will take heed to do all that I ,
have Commanded them, according to the j
whole law, and the ftatutes, and the or- j
dinances, by the hand of Mofes.
9 So Manafleh ' made Judah and the '
inhabitants of Jerufalem to err, and to
do worfe than the heathen, whom the j
Lord had deftroyed before the children
of Ifrael.
10 mAnd the Lord fpake to Manafleh,
and to the people ; but they would not
hearken. 1 1 Wherefore the Lord brought upon
them the captains ofthe hoft n of the kin°-
of Aflyria, who took Manaffeh ° among
Hor. 5. the thorns, and p bound him with fetters,

1 iKin. 11. 9. Prov.
29. 11. I Kin. 14.
16. Sc 15.26. & 16.
19, is— 33, 9.
¦ 6.16.

built a wafl
on the weft
even to the
and

ftrange

Mic. 6.

jn iKin. 21. 0—15.
ch. 36. 15, 16. Jer.
44- 4. 5-
676.
n Kch. 9. 32. Deut.
i8. tt If. 5. 26—
30. Sc 7. 20.
1 1 Sam. 23.6. 1 Sam.
13. 6.
' p Pf. 107. 10, 11.
Job 36. 8. 2 Kin.
i3- 33-
«1 Mic. 6. 9.
sc. Luke 15. 16-^-

kjer.jili*!*.. and carried him to Babvlon
aCor. 7. 11. Kof. J

2 Cor
143-iJ

¦S, «: jer. j - And 9 when he was "in affliction he

befought the Lord his God, and hum
bled himfelf greatly before the" God of
his fathers,
13 And prayed unto him ; and he r was
entreated of him, and heard his fupplica
tion, and brought him again to Jerufalem
into his kingdom. sThen Manafleh knew
that the Lord he was God.
14 % Now after this he
without the city of David,
fide of Gihon, in the valley,
entering in at the fifh gate, and com
pafled about " Ophel, and raifed it up a
very great height, and put captains of war
in all the fenced cities ofjudah.
1 5 And x he took away the
gods, and the idol out of the houfe of the
Lord, and all the altars that he had built
in the mount of the houfe of the Lord,
and in Jerufalem, and caft them out of
the city.
1 6 And he y repaired the altar of the
Lord, and facrificed thereon peace-of
ferings and thank-offerings, and z com
manded Judah to ferve the Lord God of
Ifrael. 17 Neverthelefs, a the people' did fa
crifice ftill in the high places, yet unto
the Lord their God only.
j 8 % b Now the reft of the act's of Ma
naffeh, and his prayer unto his God, and
c the words of the feers that fpake to him
in the name of the Lord God of Ifrael,
behold, they are written in the book of
the kings of Ifrael.
1 9 His prayer alfo, and how God was
entreated of him, and all his fins, and his
trefpafs, and the places wherein he built
high places, and fet up groves and graven
images before he was humbled ; behold,
they are written among the fayings of
d the feers.
20 5F So Manafleh c flept with his fa
thers, and they buried him in his own
houfe: and Amon his fon reigned in his
ftead. 2 1 •[[ f Amon was two and twenty years
old when he began to reign, and reigned
two years in Jerufalem.
22 But he s did that which was evil -in

Before Chrift
676,

rlf. 1. 18. 1 Cor. 6,
11. Pf.14.6. &
50. 15- « 91. 15.

s Pf. 46. 10. Dan. a.
H, 34-

tCh.3i.S.&„ ,
II, 12.

u Ot the tower. Ch.
27. 3- Neh. 3, 16,
27-31-&H. 21.
I Chr. 9-. 2-,

x Hof. 14. 3, 8. If. u
16 — 21. ver. 2—7,
Pf.119.67.

y I Kin. 18. 30. Lew
7. 12.

z Ch. 14. 4. with
ver. 9. Luke 22.
32. ch. 34. 30—32.
Gen. 18. 19.

a I Kin. 15.14. Sell.
48. 2 Kin. 12. i-8c
14.4. & 15.4,35.

b Ch. 32. 31, -33. Sc
28. 26, 27. Sc 27.
7, 9. Sc 26. 21, 23.
Sc 28. 26,27.0:32,
3J.33-
c Dent. 18. 19. ch.
36.15. Jer. 44-4-

d Or Ho'ai. I Sam.
9.9.
BCh.9.3!.&12-lri.
Sct6st.Sczi,lt>.
Sc 25.-28. & 26. J3-
&28.27.&3J-U'

643.
f 2 Kin. 21. 19— 2J-
1 Chr. 3. 14. Mat,

g Ver. 1—9. Ea*.
20, is.

picked Amon fucceeds Manaffeh.

CHAP. XXXIV.

Jofiah reforms his fubjecls

Before Chrift
643.

hVer. 11. Jer.8. 11.
^ech. 7.-11, 12.

ilieb.inslt'plitd tref
pafs. 2 Tim. 1.13.
ch.28. 22. ver. 6.

It I Sam. 4. 5—7.
2 Kin. 12. 20, zi.
ch. 24. 25. Sc 25.
27, iS. Pi. 55- i3-
Job 15. 32, 33-

Jude. 1. 7. Mat. 7,
2. Gen. 9. 5, 6.
Num. 35. 16—21,
3'-
641.

the fight of the Lord, as did Manafleh
his father: for Amon facrificed unto all
the carved images which Manafleh his
father had made, and ferved them ;
23 And h humbled not himfelf before
the Lord, as Manafleh his father had
humbled himfelf; but Amon s trefpafled
more and more.
24 And k his fervants confpired againft
him, and flew him in his own houie. .
25 51 But the people ofthe land 'flew
all them that had confpired againft king
Amon; and the people of the land made
Jofiah his fon king in his ftead.
CHAP. XXXIV.
Coincides much with 2 Kings xxii. xxiii. Judah and
Jerufalem have been condemned to irrevokable de-
Jtruclion for their late wickednefs ; but, under Jo
fiah, the mercy of God allows them a glorious re
prieve. Here ( I ) That pious young fovereign, with
great zeal, extirpates idolatry ; I — 7,33- (2) He
repairs the temple of God; 8 — 13. (3) Alarmed
by the reading of a book ofthe law found in the tem
ple, he confults Huldah the prophetefs ; and receives
an anfwer, denouncing deftruclion to the nation, but
comfort to himfelf. (4.) The law being read in a
general meeting of his fubjeMs, he and they renew
their father s folemn covenant with God; 29 — 33.
OSIAH a was eight years old when
he began to reign, and he reigned in
Jerufalem one and thirty years.
bch.io.i. iKin. _ And bhe did that which was right
15. 5. Deut. 5. 32. &
Sx4xhlchKin' in the fight of the Lord, and walked in
scxiv.™ jer. ^g Vvays of David his father, and de
clined neither to the rio;ht hand nor to the

a aKin. 12. t, &c.
iChr. j. 14. Mat.
1. 10. 1 Km. 13. 2.

J

left.

633-

3 •[[ For in the eighth year of his reign,
lile he * was yet young, he began U
j^.'b.';7'.'chr feek after the God of David his father

cBcd.i2.i.iTim. while he * was yet young, he began to
|o5.'b.;7,.Ich?' feek after the God of David his father:
iiKn^LiKn. and in the twelfth year he began d to
3-9. wwich'.jj': pUrge Judah and Jerufalem from the high

Before Chrift
633-

eExod. 23.24. Deut.
7.5—25.011.14.3, 5. 2 Kin. 18. 4.
with ch. 33. 3 — 7.

1 Or

, un images.

h Ch. 30.-1,10, 11.

places, and the groves, and the carved
images, and the molten images.
4 e And they brake down the altars of
Baalim in his prefence ; and the * images
that were on high above them he cut
down, and the groves, and the carved
images, and the molten images, he brake
in pieces, and made duft of them, and
ftrewed // upon the f graves of them that r"tfTK*
had facrificed *unto them.
5 And he * burned the bones of the '*!(_,¦. ,]:£"'
priefts upon their altars, and cleanfed
Judah and Jerufalem.
6 And fo h did he iii the cities of Ma
nafleh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, even
unto Naphtali, with their mattocks t round + UrSufJi^
1 , the Afiyrians, or
aDOUt. through their
A l 1 11111 1 1 weaknefs, he had
7 And, when he had broken down the JS.0™ "iefe
altars and the groves, and had beaten the
graven images ' into powder, and
down all the idols throughout all the land
of Ifrael, he returned to Jerufalem* 6i3.
8 f Now, k in the eighteenth year of k iKin. 22. 3-7.
his reign, when he had purged the land,
and the houfe, he fent Shaphan the fon
of Azaliah, and Maafeiah the governor of
the city, and Joah the fon of Joahaz the
recorder, to ' repair the houfe of
Lord his God.
9 And, when they came to Hilkiah the
high prieft, they m delivered the money mtfl'^ifft
that was brought into the houfe of God,
which the Levites that kept the doors
had gathered of the hand of Manaffeh and
Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Ifrael,
and of all Judah and Benjamin ; and
they returned to Jerufalem.
1 o And they put it in the hand of the
workmen that had the overfight of the

CUt iHeb.toinalcpoivder. Deut. 9. 21. Exod.
32. 20.

the ' !Kin- U--1I.&22.
5. with ch. 33.4,7.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIII. — What a grief it would
be to many godly parents to return from death, and behold the abo
minations of their children ! Nations and churches readily relapfe
into their wonted abominations, from which they had been re
formed with infinite pains. They become inhuman, unnatural,
and infatuated, when God gives them over to their own hearts'
lufts. They turn from and provoke God, their beft friend, and
depend on Satan, their worft enemy. How quickly Hezekiah's
hoafted treafures are carried to Babylon, and his fon to attend
them! But O the mercy of God, in giving repeated warnings to
the moft vile and obftinate finners ; or in affli&ing them, in order
to awaken them ! He can convert and forgive the greateft mon
fters of wickednefs. But bitter are the griefs, and vifible the

fruits, of real repentance, particularly when the fubjecls were
once remarkably wicked. What care to reftore the worfliip of
God which they have defaced, and to reform the perfons whom
they have feduced! Though God caft their fin behind his back,
they never forget it themfelves ; nor think themfelves worthy of
ordinary honours, whether in life or in death. And it may be
ufeful for us to remember that our fins, with their aggravating
circumftances, as well as our- returns to our duty, are exactly
marked in the regifters of heaven. But with what a dreadful ca
reer, and unremitting obftinacy, do fome men poft to eternal ruin !
They greedily copy their parents' wickednefs, but never their
repentance.

Jofiah repairs the temple.

II. CHRONICLES. ' Alarmed at finding the law, &c.

Before Chrift
6»j.

and they gave it to
in the houfe
and amend the

wrought

f Or to rafter.
»Ch. 33- i> «•

oiKin. 22.7. Sc 12.
15. Neh. 7. 2.
Prov. 28. 20.
2 Tim. 2. 2. 1 Cor.
4.2.

1 I
gave

a 2 3am. 13. I, 2.
iChr. 6. 31—48
Sc xv. xxv.

4 Ch. 1. 18. & 8. 10.

r 1 Chr. 1$. 4, 5
jtxv. xxvi.

8 2Kin. 22. 8—14.
Deut. 31. 24,26.

houfe of the Lord^
the workmen that
of the Lord, to repair
houfe ; Even to the artificers and builders
they it, to buy hewn ftone, and
timber for couplings, and + to floor the
houfes which the n kings of Judah had
deftroyed. 1 2 And the men did the work ° faith
fully : and the overfeers of them were
Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the
fons of Merari ; and Zechariah and Me
fhullam, of the fons of the Kohathites,
to fet it forward ; and other of the Le
vites, p all that could fkill of inftruments
of mufic. 1 3 Alfo they were q over the bearers of
burdens, and were overfeers of all that
wrought the work in any manner1 of
& fervice : and r of the Levites there were
fcribes, and officers,- and porters.
1 4 % And, when they brought out the
money that was brought into the houfe
of the Lord, Hilkiah the prieft * found a
tneb.bytbehandof. book of the law of the Lord, given *by
Mofes. 1 5 And Hilkiah anfwered and faid to
Shaphan the fcribe, I have found the book
of the law in the houfe of the Lord.
And Hilkiah delivered the book to Sha
phan. 16 And Shaphan carried the book to
the king, and brought the king word
back again, faying, All that was com-
n h*. « i!k &«_./¦. mitted It to thy fervants, they do //.
tueb. toured out, or 17 And thev have ' gathered together
;«iW.aKiii.».9. / J . o O
the money that was found in the houfe
of the Lord, and have delivered it into
the hand of the overfeers, and to the hand
of the workmen.
1 8 Then Shaphan the fcribe told the
king, faying, Hilkiah the prieft hath
* Heb. m n. given me a book. And Shaphan read * it

Before Chrift
623.

a iKin. 17.6, & 21,
13- ch. 3i-.li.'

4.V,„ b Dent, xxviii—
Hie xxxii. Lev. xxvi.

fCh. 36.6,17. If J.
5. Denr. xxviii—
xxxii. & 4.25— 28.
& 6. 14, 15. & tt.
19, 20. Dan. 9. 1:.
Lev, xxvi.

U?.c8.t'p?.'i?9.,2*' "before the king.
97-99. jet. 36.2.. _ _ An(J ^ came to -^ when ^g j^g
*hS" had heard the * words ofthe law, that he
~T pr. y rent ^'1S clothes.
nViM-'joeix-u. 20 And the king commanded Hilkiah,
and Ahikam the fon of Shaphan, and
3

z Abdon the fon of Micah, and Shaphan
the fcribe, and Afaiah a fervant of the ToTSTTK:
king's, faying,
21 Go, inquire of the Lord for me,
and for them that are a left in Ifrael and
in Judah, concerning the words of the
book that is found ; for b great is
wrath of the Lord that is poured out
upon us, becaufe our fathers have not
kept the word of1 the Lord, to do after
all that is written in this book.
22 And Hilkiah, and they that the
king had" appointed, went to Huldah the
'prophetefs, the wife of Shallum the fon cSA.f&^
of Tikvath, the fon of dHafrah, keeper d ?K?^-H,
of the "I" wardrobe; (now fhe dwelt in t as. *«-*«,.
Jerufalem tin the college;) and they *£&*££«¦
fpake to her to that effecl.
23 He And fhe anfwered them, Thus eiKi"-"'^
faith the Lord God of Ifrael, Tell ye the
man that fent you to me,
24 Thus faith the Lord, Behold, f I
will bring evil upon this place, and upon
the inhabitants thereof, even all the curfes
that are written in the book which they
have read before the king of Judah :
25 Becaufe g they have forfaken me,
and have burned incenfe unto other gods,
that they might provoke me to anger with
all the works of their hands ; therefore
my wrath fhall be poured out upon this
place, and fhall not be quenched.
26 And as for the king ofjudah, who
fent you to inquire of the Lord, fo fhall
ye fay unto him, Thus faith the Lord
God of Ifrael concerning the words which
thou haft heard ;
27 Becaufe thine heart was h tender,
and thou didft humble thyfelf before God
when thou heardeft his words againft this
place, and againft the inhabitants thereof,
and humbledft thyfelf before me, and
didft rend thy clothes, and weep before
me ; I have even heard thee alio, faith
the Lord.
28 Behold, I will gather thee to thy
fathers, and thou fhalt be gathered to thy
grave 'in peace ; neither fhall thine eyes1 «f»'pr.i7>
fee all the evil that I will bring upon this ^J^td*.
place, and upon the inhabitants of the

g Ch. 12. 2. Sc if. a
ch. 33. 3-9\f»'
23. I1V2.8.M
13. -Kill!

23. If. 2. 8. Mic. 5.

27. Sc 24. 4. Jer.
15.4.

hDeut. 20. ?. iKin.
11. 19. Pf. 51. 161
17. Lev. 26.40,41. '
Prov, 18. 13. Pf.
34. 4, 6. with
I Kin. 11. 27, 19-

and Jiis ojua ton
ic— lice.

He renews the Ifraelites'* covenant.

CHAP. XXXV.

Preparations for the paffover.

Before Chrift
623.

fame. So they brought the king word

ItlKin, ij. I — 3,ch.
30. 1. Jofh. 23. i,
ft 24. 1, See.

again.

623.

29 ^f k Then the king fent and ga
thered together all the elders of Judah
and Jerufalem.
30 And the king went up info the houfe
of the Lord, and all the men of Judah,
and the inhabitants of Jerufalem, and
the priefts, and the Levites, and all the
people, II great and fmall : and he read in
their ears all the words of the book of
the covenant that was found in the houfe
of the Lord.
31 And the king ftood in 'his place,
and m made a covenant before the Lord,
to walk after the Lord, and to keep his
commandments, and his teftimonies, and
his ftatutes, with all his heart, and with
all his foul, to perform the words of the
covenant which are written in this book.
32 And he n caufed all that were * pre
fent in Jerufalem and Benjamin to ftand
to it. And the inhabitants of Jerufalem
did according to the covenant of God,
the God of their fathers.
22 And Jofiah ° took away all the abo
minations out of all the countries that
pertained to the children of Ifrael, and
made all that were prefent in Ifrael to
ferve, even to ferve the Lord their God.
And p all his days they departed not
tH*. frm after, t from following the Lord, the God of
their fathers. CHAP. XXXV.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings xxiii. 21 — 30. Here
we have Jofiah (1) Zlatoufiy exerting himfelf to
have the paffover exacl ly and folemnly obferved; I —
19. (2) Rafoly engaging in a battle with Pharaoh-
necho, king of Egypt, to the lofs of his life ; 20 — 23.
(3) Honourably interred, and bitterly lamented;
24—27.
MOREOVER, a Jofiah kept a paff
over unto the Lord in Jerufalem :
tftff-^ and they killed the paflbver on the four
teenth day of the firft month.

|| Heb. from ureal,
even to fmall.

llKitl.II.I4.&2J. 3. ch, 6. 13.
m Deut. J. 1, 3. &
29. 1. Jolh. 24. 25.
ch. 15. 11.Sc 29.10.
Ezra 10. 3. Neh. 9.
38. 1 Cor. 8. 5.

»Ch. 14.4.8c 33.16.
Eccl. 8. 2. 2 Kin.
23.3.
* Heb. found.

02 Kin. 23. 4—20.
ver. 3-7.

P Jolh. 24. 31. Judg.
2.7.

i iKin. 13. 11—23
ch. xxx.

fc- Exod.ii- 5- Num. 9,
11-&18.16. De
16. 1—8.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIV. — Happy are they whom
God by his grace effectually calls in the days of their youth ! and in
deed there are but few aged converfions.' Happy is the nation whole
fovereign fets before them the beft example ; zealoufly purges his
dominion from temptations to deftructive impieties ; reforms the
church in his ftation ; trembles at the words of the God of Ifrael ;
andj under the apprehenfions of his denounced wrath, humbles

2 And he c fet the priefts in their
charges, and d' encouraged them to the
fervice of the houfe ofthe Lord ;
3 And e faid unto the Levites that
taught all Ifrael, who were holy unto
the Lord, f Put the holy ark in the houfe
which Solomon the fon of David king of
Ifrael did build ; it fhall not be a burden
uvonyour fhoulders : s ferve now the Lord
your God and his people Ifrael,
4 And prepare/0Zj'/;/t?/uc?.r by the h houfes
of your fathers after your courfes, ac
cording to the writing of David king of
Ifrael, and according to the writing of
Solomon his fon.
5 And ftand in the holy place accord
ing to the divifions of the * families of
the fathers of your brethren 'r the people,
and after the divifion of the families of
the Levites.
6 So kill the paflbver, and ' fanctify
yourfelves, and prepare your brethren,
that they may do according to the word
of the Lord by the hand of Mofes.
7 And Jofiah k gave to the people, of
the flock, lambs and kids, ail for the
paflbver-offerings, for all that were pre
fent, to the number of thirty thoufand,
and three thoufand bullocks : thefe were
of the king's fubftance.
8 And l his princes * gave willingly
unto the people, to the priefts, and to the
Levites ; m Hilkiah, and Zechariah, and
Jehiel, rulers of the houfe of God, gave
unto the priefts for the paflbver-offerings
two thoufand and fix hundred fmall cattle
and three hundred oxen.
9 Conaniah alfo, and Shemaiah, and
Nethaneel, his brethren, and Hafhabiah,
and Jeiel, and Jozabad, chief of the Le
vites, n gave unto the Levites for paflbver-
offerings five thoufand fmall cattle and
five hundred oxen.
10 So the fervice was prepared, and

Berore Chriil
c Num. iS. j — 7.
1 Chr. xxiv.
dCh.^o. 22. &31. 4.
1 Chr. zz. 19. &
- 28. 2C.
e Ch. 17. 8, 9. &2r>
<T. &24- 5. Col. 4,
17. Mal. 2. 7.
j Tim. 5. 17.
fCh. 5.7. 1 Chr. 23.
26. It hail been
taken out of its
pi. ne.
g 1 Chr. 23. 28—31*

h j Chr. 9. 10. &
xxiii— xxvi. ch. 8.

^Heb. the houfe of
the fathers.
f Heb. the fons of the
feople.

i Ch. 29, 5, tj.&jd.
3, 5. Exod. 19. 10.
Gen. 25. z.

k Ch. 30. 24. 1 Chr,
"•*4-&m. 3,4.
1 Ua. 8. 6 j.

I 1 Chr. 29. G— 9,
Ezra 2. 68, 69.
% Cor. 9. 7.
% Heb. offered.
m 2 Kin, 22.4. & 23.
4. ch. 3*. 15.

n Heb. offered. In all
3800 bullocks aid
37,600 final Icattle*
Mic.6.7,8.iKitt. 8.6..

himfelf j and labours to have all his fubjecls taught divine truths,
fixed in them, and preferved from wickednefs. And it is pleafant,
after great prevailing impiety, to behold kings, minifters, and
people, harmonioufly and heartily zealous for the inftituted purity
of God's worfhip, and folemnly devoting themfelves, upon a New-
covenant footing, to his fervice.

A folemn paffover obferved.

II. CHRONICLES:

Jofiah is fain, and bitterly lamented.

Ec

fore 61

Chrilt
3'

0

Ch. 30.
xxiii —
15.14-
4-A 3

irj. 1 Chr.
txvi. Cc li.
48, ..? &
-24. OC IJ.
7—42-

p Ch.i). 22. Heb. 9.
21, 22.
q Ch. 29. 34. Mic.
3- 3-
* r Lev. 3. 4, 10, 11.

s Ver. j, 7, tj. A^s
10. 34. Gal. 3. 28.

t Exod. 12. 8. 9.
Deut. 16. 8. Pf.22.
14. If. si- i°-

uHeb. made them
rr.'H. Eccl. 9. io.
Rom- 12. 11. Pf.
1*19. j2, 59, 6d.

X Afts 6. x, 4. & zo.
24,31^2X1111.4.1.Jehu 4. j 4.

* Ueb. ftation.
y 1 Chr.25.1— ji.&
23. 5.&0. 31, 12.
& 15. 16 — 24. 3c
16. 5, 41.
Z I Chr. 9. 17, 18. &
Jtf. 14— J9.

f Heb. found.
a Exod. 12.6— 20. &
13.6,7. &23. 14.
Lev. 23. 5—8.
Deut. 16. 1—8.
Num. 28. 14—25.
ch. 30. 21. iCer.
5. 7, 8.
b % Kin. 23. 22. with
ch. 30. 26,^,7. So
exactly obferved.

the priefts ° ftood in their place, and the
Levites in their courfes, according to the
king's commandment.
1 1 And they killed the paflbver, and
the priefts p fprinkled the blood from their
hands, and the Levites q flayed them.
12 And they ' removed the burnt-of
ferings, that they might give according
to the divifions of the 5 families of the
people, to offer unto the Lord, as it is
written in the book of Mofes. And fo
did they with the oxen.
13 And they c roafted the paflbver with
fire according to the ordinance : but the
other holy offerings fod they in pots, and
in caldrons, and in pans, and " divided
them fpeedily among all the people.
14. And afterward they made ready for
themfelves and for the priefls : becaufe
the priefts the fons of Aaron x were bufed
in -.offering of burnt-offerings and the fat
until night ; therefore the Levites pre
pared for themfelves and for the priefts
the fons of Aaron.
1 5 And the fingers the fons of Afaph
were in their *' place, according to the
y. commandment of David, and Afaph,
and Heman, and Jeduthun the king's
feer; and the porters z waited at every
gate ; they might, not depart from their
fervice ; for their brethren the Levites
prepared for them.
1 6 So all the fervice of the Lord was
prepared the fame day, to keep the paff
over, and to offer burnt-offerings upon
the altar of the Lord, according to the
commandment of king Jofiah.
1 7 And the children of Ifrael that were
+ prefent a kept the paflbver at that time,
and the feaft of unleavened bread feven
days. 1 8 And there b was no paflbver like to
that kept in Ifrael from the days of Sa
muel the prophet ; neither did all the
kings of Ifrael keep fuch a paflbver as
Jofiah kept, and the priefts, and the
Levites, and all Judah and Ifrael that

9

Reflections upon Chap. XXXV. — Alas! how often nei
ther minifters nor people fhew due 'forwardnefs in obferving the
folemn ordinances of God ! Yet much might be done for the ex-

Before Chrift
623.

were prefent, and the inhabitants of Je
rufalem. , 19 c In the eighteenth year of the reign
of joliah was this paflbver kept.
20 % d After all this, when Jofiah had
prepared the + temple, Necho king of f "*• hmi'
Egypt came up to fight againft Charche-
milh by Euphrates : and Jofiah went out

c Ver. i, Ch. 34,5.
2 Kin. 23.23,

d 2 Kin. 23, 29. Jer,
Ad. z.

againft him
21

But he fent ambaffadors to him,
faying, c What have I to do with thee,
thou king ofjudah? I come not againft
thee this day, but againft f the houfe
wherewith I have war ; for g God com
manded me to make hafte : forbear thee
from meddling with God, who is with me,
that he deftroy thee not.
22 Neverthelefs, Jofiah would not
turn his [face from him, but h difguifed
himfelf, that he might fight with him,
and hearkened not unto the words of
Necho from ' the mouth of God, and
to fight in the . valley of k Me-

e2Sam. 16. lo.Jor*.,
z. a. Mal, ii, 19,

f Heb. thehou'e ofmj
vsar. If, 10. r).
% z Kin. 18. ze. Ani
it was Julian's
duty to obey,
Deut. 5. 31,

hCh. 18.19. iKin.
14.1. 1 Sam. 21,12.

came giddo. 23 And the archers fhot at king Jofiah ;
and the king faid to his fervants, Have
me away, for I am fore ' wounded.
24 His fervants therefore took him out
of that chariot, and put him in the fe
cond chariot that he had; and they
brought him to Jerufalem, and he mdied,
and was buried + in one of the fepulchres
of his fathers. And " all Judah and Je
rufalem mourned for Jofiah.
25 ^[ And Jeremiah lamented for Jo
fiah : and all the ° finging men and the
finging women fpake of Jofiah in their
lamentations to this day, and made them
an ordinance in Ifrael : and, behold, they
are written in the lamentations.
26 ^[Now the reft ofthe acts of Jofiah,
and his p goodnefs, according to that
which was written in the law of the
Lord, 27 And ihis deeds, firft and laft, be
hold, they are written in the book of the
kings of Ifrael and Judah.

i Ver. z\. John It.
50, 51.
kz Kin. 9. 17, Zech.
12. II.

1'Heb. tnadefiA.
1 Kin. 22. 34.
2 Kin. 8. 19.'

sss 2Kin. 24. to. W.
t6.6. Eccl.Q. I,z.
Set. 14.
% Heb. among the
feeulchres.
n Zech. 12. 11.

0 Job 3. 8. Eccl. IJ.
;. Jet. 9. 17— «'•
M-.c. 1. S, 9,

p Heb. linintffts*
Ch.. I2..J2,

qCh.a,M.&I2.l5. & 13. 22. Sc 16.11.
Sc 20.34, &JJ.18.

citement of others by one in high ftation, who fo loves him that he
grudges no expenfe or labour in his fervice. And magiftrates, by
their example and zealous exertions^ might effeftuatly infti£ate

Before Chrift
6lO.

»0t ViaVim. 1 Chr.
3 15. Jer. Ji. II.
Z Kin. 13. 30— M.

Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim' s wicked reign. CHAP.
CHAP. XXXVI.
Partly coincides with 2 Kings xxiv. xxv. Here rjue
have ( 1 ) God punifhing the Jews for their mifim-
provement of Jofiah' s good reign with the four bad
ones of Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zede
kiah ; under whom they ripened themfelves for ruin
by further wickednefs, and gradually received the
reward of it; 1 — 13. (2) Their iniquity com
pleted in Zedekiah's obftinacy and treachery, and in
their general obftinacy in idolatry and perfecution of
the prophets, who reproved them in God's name ;
12 — 16. (3) Their ruinous puniftment in the
flaughter of the people ; the pillage, and burning of
their temple and city ; their captivity, and the
deflation of 'their country; 17 — 21. (4) The dawn
ing of their deliverance, after feventy years capti
vity, in the proclamation of liberty by Cyrus, the
Perfian conqueror ; 21,22.
THEN the people of the land took
a Jehoahaz the fon of Jofiah, and
made him king in his father's ftead in Je
rufalem. 2 Jehoahaz was twenty and three years
old when he began to reign, and he
reigned three months in Jerufalem.
3 And the king of Egypt b put him
down at Jerufalem, and * condemned the
land in f an hundred talents of filver and
a talent of gold.
4 And the king of Egypt made Elia
kim his brother king over Judah and
Jerufalem, and turned his name to Je
hoiakim. And Necho took c Jehoahaz
his brother, and carried him to Egypt.
$ % A Jehoiakim was twenty and five
years old when he began to reign, and he
reigned eleven years in Jerufalem : and
he did that which was evil in the fight of
the Lord his God.
6 Againft him 'came up Nebuchad
nezzar king of Babylon, and bound him
in * fetters to carry him to Babylon.
7 f Nebuchadnezzar alfo carried off the
veffels of the houfe of the Lord to Ba-

XXXVI. Jehoiachin and Zedekiah's wicked reign-

fc Heb. removed him.
z Kin. 23. 33.
Ezek. 19. 3, 4.
» Heb, mulcted.
i i.e. 37,6931. 15s.
IterliDg.

ctzek. 19, 3. 4,
-Jer. 22. 10—12.

1 1 Chr. 3.15. Mat.
l,Il.2Kin. 23.36,
|7.Jer.22.l3-i7.
Sc 26. 21—23. Sc
xjxvi.

tJKin.14.1,2. Jer.
22. 18, 19. Sc 36.
29—31. Ezek. 19.
S-<J.
tOt thains.
f2Kin.24.13. Dan.
»• !..». Sc 5. 3.

and encourage even minifters to their duty; yea, where many
difficulties are in the way. No one ought to become an hypocrite
for the fake of, carnal advantage: but certainly fuch as appear
fincere ought to meet with peculiar encouragement. Care fhould
fce taken, by alLconcerned, that none be deprived of God's ordi
nances on account of their poverty; and that none by public fer
vice injure his own foul's edification. But great labour and pains
are neceiTary in reducing all ranks and things to due order, in
'he obfervation of God's ordinances, "after they have been long
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
610.

bylon,. and put them in his temple at
Babylon. 8 Now the reft of the a<3s of Jehoia
kim, and * his abominations which he did, ?*»¦*'-¦"¦'*
and that which was found in him, be
hold, they are written in the book of
the kings of Ifrael and Judah. And
h Jehoiachin his fon reigned in his h°f ,££&£?
n , Jer. 22. 24.
ftead. 9 %' Jehoiachin was eight years old ^^-b-js,
when he began to reign, and he reigned S99"
three months and ten days in Jerufalem;
and he did that which Was evil in the
fight of the Lord.
10 And, " when the year was expired, ¦^^r**
king Nebuchadnezzar fent, and brought
him to Babylon, with the * goodly veffels *™-«^<-
of the houfe of the Lord, and made
k Zedekiah his brother king over Judah k °^""zlt. 5".
and Jerufalem.
11 f ' Zedekiah was one and twenty l 2,£y.Vl.' *
years old when he began to reign, and
reigned eleven years in Jerufalem.
1 2 And he did that which was evil in
the fight of the Lord his God, and
m humbled not himfelf before Jeremiah m£$g*£
the prophet, fpeaking from the mouth of
the Lord.
13 And he alfo "rebelled againft king %^;liX£r'
Nebuchadnezzar, who had made him
fwear by God : but he ftiffened his neck,
and hardened his heart from turning unto
the Lord God of Ifrael.
14 ^F Moreover, all the chief of the
priefts and the people tranfgreffed ° very
much after all the abominations of the
heathen; and polluted the houfe of the
Lord, which he had hallowed in Jeru
falem. , , .
aii -r s~i 1 r 1 • r Pler-!? tiA-SczS.
15 p And the Lord God of their fa- s-&3s.i5.&«.+.
thers fent to them t by his meffengers, i'ihtflf!fff:i'f
riling up + betimes, and fending; becaufe t^fSJar'JfffjS"

o Ch. 3;. I— 17. Jer.
i — xxiii. Ezek. v
—xxiv. Mic. i —
iii. vi, Zeph.i. iii..

neglected. The very beft of men rarely leave the world without
fome vifible blemifh. How afFefting' it is to fee this great man
die in an unjuft war, after he had received from God fair warning
of his danger ! But God, in his fovereign wifdom, often makes hii
people's finful rafhnefs the mean of their own happinefs, and of
their furvivors' mifery. Many lament the lofs of their mercies,
who never rightly improved them in the enjoyment; and grieve
for the mifery which they fee coming on their nation, wko will not
take the proper methods of" repentance to prevent it.
4R

Judea is laid defolate

II. CHRONICLES.

Before Chrift
5S3.
q2Kin.13.23.Judg. 10. 16. Hoi. 11. S.
r Ch. 30. 10. Jer. 5.
12, i}. Eze'<. 11.
3. 3c 12.22. &20.
40- &33- _c. Jer.
xi. xvhi.j.xx.xxm,
xxvi. xxxvi—
xxxviii. Mat. 21.
35, 36. & 13. 31,
37. 1 Thef. 2. 16.
If Heb. k.aUrig.
s 2 Kin. 25. 1— id,
' iS— 22. Jer. 52. 4
, "—17. xxxix. with
Lev. 26. 14— jg.
Pcun8.i5,6S.& 39. 18—28. & 30.
-8.&_I. IO—18.
& 31. 15— aS.

: If. 39. 6. Jer. 17. 18
—17.. Dan. 5. 5.
aKin, 25. 13—16.

u 2 Kin. 25. g. PL* 79.
1. & 74. 6— _.Jer.
7. 14. & 17. 26.
Ezek. 24. 21. & 7.
So. 1 .-Cia. 9. 7— 3.

* Heb. fi<- remainder
from, the _ ww ¦_".

he had 1 compaffion on his people, and
on his dwelling place :
1 6 But they r mocked the meflengers
of God, and defpifed his words, and
mifufed his prophets, until the wrath of
the Lord arofe againft his people, till
there was no " remedy.
1 7 5 Therefore he brought upon them
the king ofthe Chaldees,' who flew their
young men with the fword in the houfe
of their fandluary, and had no compaffion
upon young man or maiden, old man, or
him that ftooped for age : he gave them
all iato his hand.
1.8 And ' all the veffels of the houfe of
God, great and fmall, and the treafures
of the houfe of the Lord, and the trea-.
fures of the king, and of his princes ; all
thefe he brought to Babylon.
19 And they " burned the houfe of
God, and brake down the wall of Jeru
falem, and burned all the palaces thereof
with fire, and deftroyed all the goodly
veffels thereof.
20 And * them that had efcaped from

feventy years,
the fword carried he away to Babylon,
where they were fervants x to him and
hie foris until the. reign of the
of Perfia :
To fulfil the word ofthe Lord by

kingdom

Before Chrifl
5S8.
*J«.»7.7.&*J.I|.

21

y Jer. 2;. o_,j, &
29. 10. Dm-. 9. 2.
•• Lev, 26. 34_4J.

a Ezra 1.

the mouth of y Jeremiah, until the land
z had enjoyed her fabbaths : for as long as
fhe lav defolate fhe kept fabbath, to fulfil
threefcore and ten years.
22 % a Now, in the firft year of Cyrus
king of Perfia, (that the word of the 53«-
Lord fpoken by the mouth of b Jeremiah *%£&'**
might be accomplifhed,) "the Lord ftir- clJ.^.**»j|r-
red up the fpirit of Cyrus king of Perfia,
that he made d a proclamation throughout '^"-^
all his kingdom, and put it alfo in writ
ing, faying,
23 Thus faith Cyrus king of Perfia,
All the kingdoms of e the earth hath the e k&Sv**""
Lord God of heaven given me ; and he
hath charged me to f build him an houfe fI£<4-f *«_'|;
in Jerufalem, which is in Judah. eWho 3-s-
is there among you of all his people? the jchi.L.'$.
Lord his God be with him, and let him
go up.

Rom. 8. 31.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVI. — For the tranfgreflions
of a land, many and unprofitable are the princes qf it. Quickly do
things ripen for the ruin of nations when their day of punifhment
Is at hand; But to what obftinate and aggravated wickednefs are
they permitted to arrive before the Lord pours out his deftrudtive
-vengeance upon them! None are ufually more deeply involved in
it than the rulers in church and ftate: and none fnare more of
their contempt, hatred, and perfecution, than faithful minifters.
But the righteous Lord at laft marks their fins in their punifh

ments; and makes-up the lofs of. his honaur, which he ought to
have had from them, in the form or duration of his executed judg
ments. And yet in wrath he remembers mercy. Strangely he
preferves his people's property for them againft their return, even
when they have provoked him to caft them out of it. In his pro
vidence he exactly adheres to his word. Nor will he, in his par
doning goodnefs, contend for ever, even where his honour requires,
him to contend long.

The BOOK of EZRA

Was probably written by himfelf. It contains ait hiftory of eighty years ; and exhibits the divine fulfilment of all thefe prediftionf
of Mofes, Ifaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Micah, or others, which refpetted the deliverance from Babylon. It partuularly*
informs us (1) Upon what encouragement, and what numbers returned ; i. ii. (2) How the temple was rebuilt and deiPj
cated, notwithftanding repeated flops from their heathen neighbours; iii— vi. (3) How Ezra, as Artaxerxes^ deputy, came'
io Jerufalem, mourned over, and diffolved, the marriages with heathen women; vii— x. \

Cyrus encourages the Jews to return

CHAP. L

to their land, and rebuild their temple.

Before Chrift
536.

CHAP. L

»lChr. 36. 12. Jer,
2S. II. SC 29. IO.
» If. 44. 26. Heb. io.
2;. Til. 1. 2.
iThcl". 5. 24.
tP f. 106.46. Pnw.
• 16. 7. eb. 6. 22.
Lev. 26. 42. Dellt.
a. 30, ji. Sc 30. 3.
& J2. 36, 41-
«- Heb. cau'ed a voice
' c. c.ili. 2 Chr, 36.

elf. 66.*. Dan. 2. 21.
&4.3S-K-7S-6. 7. & 115. 16,
f E 4.'. 28. Sc 45. r,
13. Prov. 21. 1,

J Zech. 2. 6, 7.
I Chr. 22. 16.
Rorn. 8. ji. If. 41.
IP, 13—16. & 43.
1,2. Heb. 13. 5,6.

* Deut. 31. 31. Dan.
2. 47- & 6. 46.
Exod. iS. 11. Jolh.
22. is.

iHcb. lift hint up.
'Cai;6,2,Hom. 15,
' 1. C.S.A. 3. 22. Pi'.
I°S,-)7.If.49-Ja.
&60. 4.
kCh. 6. 8, 9.4* 7.15
—17. Pt 68. 29.

Weh, 4.12. Prov, 16,
,. I. Zech, 10. 12.
, &»d. 35. s, 21.
I tnr. 29. 2r- g.

-fkrV ( 1 ) Q.r«<- £?'?zp; »/ P^r/J^, who had juft before
conquered the Chaldean empire, iffues a jproc/amcttion
for the Jews' releafe from captivity, and for their
encouragement to return to their country and rebuild
the temple' of their God; I — 4. (2) Many of
them, affifted by thdr neighbours, in virtue of this
proclamation, prepare to return; 5, 6. (3) Gyrus,
by his treafurer, delivers the facred veffels belonging
to the temple, which Nebuchadnezzar had brought
to Babylon, and placed in .his temple- of Belus, to
Shefir/bazzar their prince ; 7 — 11.
N" OW, in the firft year of Cyrus
king of Perfia, (that the word of
the Lord a by the mouth of Je
remiah b might be fulfilled,) the Lord
c ftirred up the fpirit of Cyrus king of
Perfia, that he d made a proclamation
throughout all his kingdom, and put it
alfo in writing, faying,
2 Thus faith Cyrus king of Perfia,
e The Lord God of heaven hath given
me all the kingdoms of the earth ; and
he hath f charged me to build him an
houfe at Jerufalem, which is in Judah.
2 e Who is there among you of all his
people? his God be with him, and let
him go up to Jerufalem, which is in
Judah, and build the houfe of the Lord
God of Ifrael (he h is the God) which is
in Jerufalem.
4 And whofoever remaineth in any
place where he fojourneth, let the men
of his place ' help him with filver, and
with gold, and with goods, and with
beafts, befides k the free-will-offering for
the houfe of God that is in Jerufalem.
5 % Then rofe up the chief of the
fathers of Judah and Benjamin, and the
priefts and the Levites, with all them
whofe fpirit " God had raifed to go up to
build the houfe of the Lord which is in
Jerufalem.

Reflections upon Chap. I.— Behold how God rules over
the kingdoms of the earth, and turns the hearts of princes and
others whitherfoever he pleafes, for the good of his church ! God
is here exaftly fuelling the prediaions of his word concerning
the name of the deliverer ; and the occafion, time, and manner, of
the deliverance. ' It is honourable for princes, and men in autho-
thority, to begin the exercife of their power in the fervice of God,
as an acknowledgment of his bounty to them ; and to overlook
feeular interefts and cuftoms of countries, in order to put honour

Before Civ in
536«-
m That is, helrcl .
than.Vtr. A. Excd.
12.36. Rev. 12.16.

n Ver. 4. Exod. ac. i.
Sc 35. 5, 2r. I Chr.
22. I4—16. SC 28.
14 — 18. Sc 29. a—
q. Pf. no. j.
zCor. 9.7.
02 Kin. 24, s-i.Scic.
16. 2 Chr. 36. 7,
IS. Jer, 27, at, 22.
Dan. 1. 2. Sc 5. 3,'
*3-

6 And all they that were about them
m ftrengthened their hands with veffels of
filver, with gold, with goods, and with
beafts, and with precious things, befide
all that was n willingly offered.
7 ^F Alio Cyrus the king brought forth
the veffels of the houfe of the Lord,
0 which Nebuchadnezzar had brought
forth out of Jerufalem, and had put them
in the houfe of his gods ;
8 Even thofe did Cyrus king of Perfia
bring forth by the hand of Mithredath
the treafurer, and numbered them unto
p Shefhbazzar the prince of Judah.
9 And this is the number of them:
thirty chargers of gold, a thoufand
chargers of filver, nine and twenty
knives, 1 o Thirty bafons of gold, filver bafons
of a fecond fort four hundred and ten, and
other veffels a thoufand.
11 1 All the veffels of gold and of fil- q¥tnr£olflTim>
ver were five thoufand and four hundred*
All thefe did Shefhbazzar bring up with
them of r the captivity that were brought r "ft^MzZtt',
up from Babylon unto Jerufalem.

p Zep.bbabel. Ch.
z. 2. Sc 3. 8. Sc (.
14, 16. Hag. 1. 1.

is., ch, ii,

CHAP.

II.

Contains ( I ) A catalogue if them who returned from
Babylon; viz. * Their leaders; I, 2: z Their dif
ferent families, and the number in each ; 3 — 35 : and
3 The priefts, Levites, and retainers to the temple;
36 — 63. (2) The fum total, and an account of
their retinue; 64 — 67. (3) Their offerings for the
fervice of the temple; 68 — 70.

N

OW- thefe are the children of the * JNuef',. ™i?:%
&c. iChr. xxxvi.
xxxix, Iii.

province that went up out of the *££
captivity, of thofe who had been carried
away, whom Nebuchadnezzar the king
of Babylon had carried away unto Baby
lon, and came again unto Jerufalem and
Judah, every one unto his. city;
2 Who came b with Zerubbabel: Je- 'Sf'&fcM

on Chrift and his people. But in every good word and work the
Lord muft work in us to will and to do of his good pleafure. And
he can procure from fuch as know him not the greateft kindnefs
to his interefts and people. What care he took to preferve the,
furniture of his temple, and maintain the princely dignity of Judah,
even in Babylon ! But much greater is his care of whatever per
tains to Jefus and his people. And it is honourable when princes
and minifters are peculiarly forward to rebuild God's temple arid
reform his church.
4&Z

Alifiofthe

EZRA.

returning captives.

Before ChriH
536-
f Or Jbcariah.
Neh. 7. 7.
• Jiliftereth,
+ Nehum.
d "Neh. 7. 8. ch. 10.
Z%. & 8. 3.
cMeh. 7.9. cli.8. 8.

fNeh.7. ie.&6. 18.

% Neh. 7. 11. ch. 10.
30. & 8. 4, 9.

h K'cli. 7. 12. ch. 10.
26. & 8. 7.

i Nell. 7. 13. ch. 10.
27-

k Neh. 7, 14,

1 Or Binntii. Neh. 7.
J5- ch, io. 27, 34.

laTCeh. 7. 16. ch. 10.
z8. & S. 11. ,

B Neh. 7. 17. ch. 8.
J2.

a Neh. 7. 18. ch. 8.
J3-

p Neh. 7. 19. ch. 8.
J4.

q Neh. 7. ao. ch. 8.6.

I Neh. 7. 21.

S Neh. 7. 23.

t Or Harifh, Neh. 7,

u Neh. 7. 12. ch. 10.
33-

Jt Or Gibeon. Jofh. 9.
J?. Neh. 7. ze.
I Chr. 8. 29.
y'Gen. 3?. 19. Judg.
17. 8. & Ig. 1.
Weh. 7. 26, Ruth
J. 19. 1 Sarii. 16. J.
Mai. 2. 1, 6. Mic.
"J. 2.
5vNeh.7.26. 2Sam.
-23- »8. Jer. 40. 8.
3 Chr. 2. 51, 54.
aWefc. 7.47. Jer. i.r.
JSfrt.zi.i8.lf.io,
-3C. OrEeth-axmaveib. K«h, 7. z8.
cNeh.-7. 29..Jofh. 9.
' J7- ,& 15,60, Silt,
-3j, »«5.

fhua, Nehemiah, c Seraiah, Reelaiah,
Mordecai, Bilfhan, * Mifpar, Bigvai,
+ Rehum, Baanah. The number ofthe
men of the people of Ifrael :
2 The d children of Parofh, two thou
fand an hundred feventy and two.
4 The children of e Shephatiah, three
hundred feventy and two.
5 The children of f Arah, feven hun
dred feventy and five.
6 The children of s Pahath-moab, of
the children of Jefhua and Joab, two
thoufand eight hundred and twelve.
7 The children of h Eiam, a thoufand
two hundred fifty and four.
8 The children of ' Zattu, nine hun
dred forty and five.
9 The children of k Zaccai, feven
hundred and threefcore.
10 The children of l Bani, fix hun
dred forty and two.
1 1 The children of m Bebai, fix hun
dred twenty and three.
1 2 The children of n Azgad, a thou
fand two hundred twenty and two.
13 The children of ° Adonikam, fix
hundred fixty and fix.
14 The children of * Bigvai, two
thoufand fifty and fix.
i 5 The children of ' Adin, four hun
dred fifty and four.
16 The children of rAter of Hezekiah,
ninety and eight.
1 7 The children of 5 Bezai, three hun
dred twenty and three.
18 The children of t Jorah, an hun
dred and twelve.
19 The children of u Hafhum, two
hundred twenty and three.
20 The children of x Gibbar, ninety
and five.
21 The children of * Beth-lehem, an
hundred twenty and three.
22 The men of z Netophah, fifty and
fix. 23 The men of a Anathoth, an hun
dred twenty a(nd eight.
24 The children of b Azmaveth, forty
and two.
25 The children of I Kirjath-arim,

Before Chrift
536.

28,

nnA "Neh. 7.10. & 11,
a"Q 34>3S.S6.2.

1 Neh. 7. 37. iKuv

11 1 Chr. 24. 7, KeSti
7. 39. ch. 10. 18.

Chephirah, and Beeroth, feven hundred
and forty and three.
26 The children of a Ramah ..and Ti*«S£S$
Gaba, fix hundred twenty and one. '
27 The men of eMichmas, an hun- e^h:7:^'s™.
dred twenty and two.
28 The men of f Bethrel and Ai, two ^V^wyw,
hundred twenty and three. «•»¦&»*.«.
29 The children of s.Nebo, fifty and gNe"-7-»-
two. • ¦'-
30 The children of Magbifh, an hun
dred fifty and fix.
31 The children of h the other Elam, hv«-7-»M.7.«.
a thoufand two hundred fifty and four.
? 32 The children of l Harim, three j»J- 7- **-'««
hundred and twenty.
22 The children of k Lod, Hadid,
Ono, feven hundred twenty and five
34 The children of i Jericho, three 1™+M'j&
hundred forty and five.
25 The children of m Senaah, three mNd^8-
thoufand and fix hundred and thirty.
36 <f[ The priefts : the children of a Je-
daiah, of the houfe of Jefhua, nine hun
dred feventy and three.
37 The children of ° Immer, a
fand fifty and two.
38 The children of * Pafhur, a
fand two hundred forty and feven.
^ 39 The children of <• Harim, a thou- *££,££#
fand and feventeen.
40 % The Levites : the
Jefhua and Kadmiel, of the
Hodaviah, feventy and four.
41 The s fingers : the children of
Afaph, an hundred twenty and eight.
42 The c children of the porters-: the • ^vi.7'4*'1
children of Shallum, the children of Ater,
the children of Talmon, the children of
Akkub, the children of Hatita, the chil
dren of Shobai; in all an hundred thirty
and nine.
43 f The "Nethmims: the chiMr en ' ]?%~\i
of Ziha, the children of Hafupha, the
children of Ta-baoth,
44 The children of Keros,- the chil
dren of x Siaha, the children of Padon.
45 The children- of Lebanah, -- the
children of Hagabah, the children of
Akkub,

thou-
thou-

01 Chr. 24. 14, Neh,
7. 40. ch. la 20,

p rChr. 9. 12. Neh
7. 411-ch. 10. 2K.

children
children

Only four out of
the twenty-four
orders of priefts
rtf returned. Cornp.
Ul 1 Chr. 24.7T18.
Of r.OrJ^ftjCh. or Bode.

7-41-

vuh, )

• s Neh. 7. 44. 1 Chr,
25. 1.

. Neh.

xQr$«.tfeh.7.47»

A Ijfi ofthe returning cap fives.

CHAP. fl.

Their donations for building the temple

Before Chrift
536-
y Or Shamlai. Neh,
7-48.

Z Or Hefhijhefim.
Neh, 7. S2.

a Or Bsaclith.
Neb. 7. $4.

¦V Neh. 7, 57—60*
jKiii. 9. 21.
cOrhrida. Neh. 7,

d Or^iwn. Neh. 7.
59-
ejoih. 9. 21, 27.
. iObr.,9.2. Neh7.
so.

t Neh. 7.61,62.

%0: t.edit.rn.

4.6 The children of Hagab, the chil
dren of y Shalmai, the children of Ha
nan, 47 The children of Giddel, the chil
dren of Gahar, the children of Reaiah,
48 The children of Rezin, the chil
dren of Nekoda, the children of Gaz-
zam, 49 The children of Uzza, the children
of Pafeah, the children of Befai,
50 The children of Afnah, the chil
dren of Mehunim, the children of z Ne-
phufim, 5.1 The children of Bakbuk, the chil
dren of Hakupha, the children of Har-
hur, 52 The children of a Bazluth, the
children of Mehida, the children of Har-
flia, $2 The children of Barkos, the chil
dren of Sifera, the children of Thamah,
54 The children of Neziah, the chil
dren of Hatipha.
55 % The b children of Solomon's fer
vants : the t children of Sotai, the chil
dren of Sophereth, the children of B Pe-
rudah, 56 The children of Jaalah, the chil
dren of Darkon, the children of Giddel,
57 The children of Shephatiah, the
children of Hattii, the children of Po-
chereth of Zebaim, the children of
dAr»i. 58 All the e Nethinims, and the chil
dren of -Solomon's fervants, were three
hundred ninety and two.
59 And f thefe were they which went
up from Tel-meiah, Tel-harfa, Cherub,
Addan, and Immer : but they could not
fhew their father's houfe, and their + feed,
whether they were of Ifrael:
60 The children of Delaiah, the chil
dren of Tobiah, the children of Nekoda,
fix hundred fifty and two.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — Great is the honour God
puts upon thofe who prefer his glory, and the "interefts of his
Church, to their own eafe ! And "great are the privileges which
thofe obtain who are enrolled in the Lamb's book of life, and go
up with Chrift from their captivity to fin, Satan, and the world.
What care God took to keep clear the genealogies of his anci&it

Before Chrift
536.

Heb. they inert pol
luted from the
pntfikocd. governor. Neh*
10. 1.

61 ^f And ,B of the children of the
priefts : the children of Habaiah, the chil- g Neh. -,. c,,-t5.
dren of Koz, the children of Barzillai :
which took a wife of the daughters of
h Barzillai the Gileadite, and was called ^T^-S
after their name :
62 Thefe fought their regifter among
thofe that were reckoned by genealogy,
but :they were not found : therefore
II were they, as polluted, put from the
priefthood. 63 And the * Tirfhatha faid unto them, '' Vff£
that they fliould not eat of the moft holy
things till there flood up a prieft with
k Urim and with Thummim. "ttm^Z:
64 % The1 whole congregation toge- £™s" "' 8' Ndu
ther was forty and two thoufand three 'To^fe'^1!"-
hundred and threefcore ; ch' 9' 8"
65 Befide their m fervants and their *%.%''*• Jer-
maids, of whom there were feven thou
fand three hundred thirty and feven : and
there were among; them two hundred fing-
ing men and finging women.
66 Their horfes were feven hundred
thirty and fix; their mules, two hundred
forty and five;
67 Their camels, four hundred thirty
and five; their affes, fix thoufand feven
hundred and twenty.
68 5[ And fome of the chief of the fa-
; thers, when they came to the houfe of
the Lord which is at Jerufalem, " offered
freely for the houfe of God to fet it up ^Vfei.no.T-
°'in his place: Q_£ri&_£2
69 They gave p after their ability, H'
¦ , J °r r l J -< 1 p 1 Cor. 16. 2. Deut.
unto 1 the treafure of the work, ' three- "f'7;*cor.s.},
7 13, 14.
fcore and one thoufand drams of gold, <i ichr. 22. i4.
and five thoufand pound of filver, and .inau79,,^j.
one hundred priefts' garments. fterhng'
70 So rthe priefts, and the Levites, 'r _i:fc£._i\iJS_:
and fome of the people, and the fingers,
and the porters, and the Nethinims,
dwelt in their cities, and all Ifrael in their
cities.

n Exod. 25. 2. Sc 35.
5,21. 1 Chr. 29. 3,
6,9.2Cor.8. 3,12.

7-7S-

people till his Son was thereby manifefted to fpripg of Judah and
David! It is reafonable that thofe be excluded from office in. the
church who undervalue that honour, and want proper tokens of
their fpiritual birth. And there is. need always to confult God
himfelf in- every thing reflating to his worfhip and fervice. To
what a feiall and poor company had fin reduced the pnce numerous

They reflore the public worfhip of God.

EZRA.

The foundation 'ofthe temple is laid.

Eeforc Chrift
536.

CHAP. III.
Lately the Jews had returned to their ruined cities.
Now, (1) On the feventh facred month, they affem-
ble at Jerufalem, and, inftigated by Jejhua their
high prieft, and Zerubbabel their chief prince, re
build God's altar of burnt offering; obferve the fefti
vals of trumpets, expiation, and tabernacles ; re-
tftablifh the daily facrifice ; and difpofe of the money
collected for the temple to proper artificers, to pro-vide
materials for building it; 1 — 7. (2) Seven months
after they lay the foundation of the temple, amidft a
mixture of folemn joy and grief; 8 — 1 3.
AND, when the a feventh month was
come, and the children of Ifrael
were in the cities, the people gathered
b32?&l'4Vfco4r: themfelves together b as one man to Je-
'" '°' rufalem. 2 Then ftood up c Jefhua the fon of
Jozadak, and his brethren the priefts,
* "„f(*wfiM«??.f and d Zerubbabel the fon of Shealtiel, and
his brethren, and builded the altar of the
God of Ifrael, to offer burnt-offerings
thereon, as it is c written in the law of
Mofes the man of God.
3 And they fet the altar upon his
bafes ; for fear was upon them, becaufe
of the people of thofe countries : and they
{ Num.128.>3!2' offered f burnt-offerings thereon unto the
Lord, even burnt-offerings morning and
evening;.
g Exod. 23. 16. Deut.
16. ij— 16. Lev.
-ag. J4— 36. Num
xxviii. xxix. Neh
js-s .14.1 , ^.^ burnt-offerings by number, accord
ing to the cuftom, as the duty of every
day required;
5 And afterward offered the continual
burnt-offering, both of the new moons,
and of all the fet feafts of the Lord that
were confecrated, and of every one that
a free- w ill- offerin?;

a Lev. 2;. 24, 34—
41. Exurl. 23. 14—.
17. Sc 34.23. Deut.
16. ij. Num. xxix.

c Or Jofhua. Zech.
6. 11. Hag. I. I,
12, 14. SC 2. 2, 4.
I Chr. 6. 15.

li. Luke 3. 27.
J Chr. ?• •?. '9-
Hag. 2. 21, 23.
Zech. 4. 6—10.
c Deut. 12. c — 7.
2 Chr. 6. c>. Pr.48.
1, 2. Sc 78. 68,69.
& 132. 1}, 14.

4 ^ They g kept alfo the feaft of taber-
!*Ndi". nacles, as it is written, and offered the

'" ^f'sf^Tzt h willingly offered
2Cor.8.„&'9.7. untQ ^ LoRD>
i Lev. 13. 24, ay.
Num,. 29, 1 — 6.

6 From i the firft day of the feventh

and wealthy tribes of Judah and Benjamin, at leaft fuch of them as
were willing to appear for their God ! And yet it is pleafing to
fee them in their poverty fo willingly contributing to build a
temple for God. And what is fpent in God's work fliall be re
turned with intereft.
But was not this releafe and return of the Jews typical of the
gathering of the nations to Chrift, and of the church's deliverance
from Antichrift, and the faints' releafe from death at the laft day ? —
Awakened and encouraged by the joyful found of the gofpel
trumpet, what multitudes, in the apoftolic and after ages, did,
with mourning for fin, with hallelujahs of praife, and with the moft
cordial affection, join themfelves to Chrilt and his church, to be

month began they to offer burnt-offerings
unto the Lord. But the foundation of
the temple of the Lord was not yet laid.
7 % They k gave money alfo unto- the
mafons, and to the carpenters ; and- meat,
and drink, and oil, unto them of Zidon,
and to them of Tyre, to bring cedar.
trees from Lebanon to the fea of Joppa ;
according to the 'grant that they had of
Cyrus king of Perfia.
8 % Now, in the fecond year of their
coming unto the houfe of God at Jeru
falem, in the fecond month, began ra Ze
rubbabel the fon of Shealtiel, and Jefhua
the fon of Jozadak, and the remnant of
their brethren the priefts and the Levites,
and all they that were come out of the
captivity untp Jerufalem ; and appointed
the Levites, from * twenty years old and
upward, to fet forward the work of the
houfe of the Lord.
9 Then ftood ° Jefhua with his fons
and his brethren, Kadmiel and his fons,
the fons of p Judah * together, to fet for
ward the workmen in the houfe of God:
the fons of Henadad, with their fons and
their brethren the Levites.
10 And, when the builders laid the
foundation of the temple of the Lord,
they fet the priefts in their apparel with
trumpets, and the Levites the fons of
Afaph with cymbals, to praife the Lord,
after the q ordinance of David king of
Ifrael. 1 1 And they r fang together by courfe
in praifing and giving thanks unto the
Lord; becaufe he is. good, for his mercy
endureth for ever toward Ifrael. And all
the people fhouted with a great fhout
when they praifed the Lord, becaufe the

Before Chrift
53s-

It 2 Chr. s. iV-l5,
I Kin. c. i_)p
2Kin.l2. 11, ij,
Sc 12. j, 6.

I Ch. 6. 3-j.
5J5>

ill Ver.2,o„c!i;«>j
— 61. & j. 2, 3. _
5- 2. Hag. 1. 12,14.
& 2. 21, 23, Zech,
3. 1. Sc-a, 6-9,

n 1 Chr. 23.24,27,

0 Ch.2. 40. ver. t,

p Or Hedaviah.
Ch. 2. AC:

q 1 Chr. 6. 31. & 16.
7.&2S.1.&2S.J,

riChr. 7. 3. ExcA
15. zi. Neh.l2.il.
1 Chr. I&-J4, 41.
Jer. 33. II. Luke
2. 10—14. Zech.
9. 9. Pf. exxxv.
exxxvi. cxiv— H -
xlvii.

built up a fpiritual temple and meet habitation for God! With
almighty power Jefus did* and ftill does, go forth conquering and to
conquer, and to overthrow our fpiritual enemies, who hold us in
flavery; making us free indeed,, and willing to do whatever
tends to his honour.— — In due time the inftruments of God s
wrath fhall deftroy the myftical Babylon, and reftore the fouls of
men to the ancient gofpel liberty and reft.  In the refurrectien,
-awakened by the trump of God, all the ranfomed millions, who are,
written among the living in Jerufalem, fhall arife, and be gathered to
the Lord, and quickly after follow him- into the celeftial Canaan,;
to be built up as the everlafting habitation of God — Father, Son,
and Holy Ghoft. ,

The Samaritans interrupt the

CHAP. III. IV.

building ofthe temple.

Before Chrift
• 535-

foundation of the houfe of the Lord was
laid. 12 But many of the priefts and Le
vites, and chief of the fathers, who were
ancient men, that had feen the firft
houfe, when the foundation of this houfe
'^j^Mat. was lai(l before their eyes, ' wept with a
1 voice; and many fhouted aloud -for

ij- 31, 3*- 'if- 41- lnnr|
io. 14— 16. &6b. IUUU
22.
joy:

1 2 So that the people could not difcern
the noife of the fliout of joy from the
noife of the weeping of 'the people: for
'»4,2!«.r's'"'the people ' fhouted with a loud fhout,
and the noife was heard afar off.

CHAP. IV.
No fooner was the foundation of the temple laid, than
the mongrel Samaritans, whom the Affyrians had
placed in the land of Ifrael, fet themfelves to oppofe it.
( 1 ) In order to have it in their power to retard the
building, they offer to be Jharers in it, but are re
fufed; 1 — 3. (2) They next difcourage the Jews,
and diffuade them fro?n it; 4, 5. (3) By their
friends dt court, and by memorials to the kings of
Perfia, they mifreprefent the undertaking and its
promoters, as treafonable and hurtful to the empire ;
5 — 16. (4) Having obtained an order from Ar
taxerxes Magus, they fop the work by force ;
17—24.
NOW, when the a adverfaries of Ju
dah and Benjamin heard b that
the children of the captivity builded the
temple unto the Lord God of Ifrael,
2 Then they came to c Zerubbabel,
and to the chief of the fathers, and faid
unto them, d Let us build with you ; for
we efeek your God, as ye do; and we
do facrifice unto him fince the days of
f Efar-haddon king of Affur, who brought
us up hither.
3 But Zerubbabel, and Jefhua, and the
reft ofthe chief of the fathers of Ifrael,
faid unto them, g Ye have nothing to do

t The Samaritans.
Ver. 7 — 9. 2 Kin.
X7. 24. Mat. 4.1—
jo.
I Heh. the font of the
tranfportalion.
' Ch. ii. Neh. vii.
eCh. 1. {.&__&
3.2,12.

il Efth. 8. 17.
eiKin, 17. S4_4I.
John 4, 20.

flf. 37-38. 2 Kin.
IV-37.&I7. 24.

g Neh. 2. 2c. John 4.
9. Ptov. 1.10. Ails
8.21. iJohn2. 19.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — Let us learn to prefer the bufi
nefs of religion to our moft preiling temporal affairs ; and, in the wor
ship of God, do what we can when we cannot do what we would.
And let leaders in church and ftate be peculiarly active and zealous.
Never fhould the fear of men hinder us from, but haften us to,
fellowlhip with God. The more enemies we have, the more need
feave we that God mould befriend us. If we have been long
fecluded from the public or folemn ordinances of God, more rea
dily fhould we improve opportunities when put into our hands ;
and by no means neglect the daily facrifices of the clofet and fa-
™ty. If God bring us out of the furnace of ami&ion, our hearts
ihould burn with love to him: and never fhould we grudge to

Bc'orc Chi ill
535-

. -A.Scfi.
., v/ilh Mar.
10. 16. 534-
Rcv. 11. 13. Pf, z,
1, 2. .-\ct5 24. r.
vith Exyd. 5. 5—
23-

6 And in th
the beginning: of his

reign of *

Heb. Ahafhvrtfh,
i. e. Cambyfes.

unto him an accufation againft

with us to build an houfe unto our God ;
but we ourfelves together will build unto
the Lord God of Ifrael, as h king Cyrus h£jM:
the king of Perfia hath commanded us.
4 Then the people of the land ' weak- ;
ened the hands of the people of Judah,
and troubled them in building.
5 And hired counfellors againft them,
to fruftrate their purpofe, all the days of
Cyrus king of Perfia, even until the
reign of Darius king of Perfia. Ahafuerus, in *
wrote they
the inha-
bitants ofjudah and Jerufalem. 52I.
7 ^f And in the days of + Artaxerxes t m^us.
wrote + Biflilam, Mithredath,Tabeel, and * 0r '"/¦"*"
the reft of their k companions, unto Ar- kvei.' ££'*
taxerxes king of Perfia ; and the writing
of the letter was written in. the Syrian
tongue, and interpreted in the Syrian
tongue. 8 Rehum the chancellor and Shim-
fliai the H fcribe wrote a letter l againft .^y
Jerufalem to Artaxerxes the king in this
fort :
9 Then wrote Rehum the chancellor,
and Shimfhai the fcribe, and the reft of
their m companions ;
Apharfathchites, the Tarpelites, and L'keV 5Vb'.9,
Apharfites, the Archevites, the Baby
lonians, the Sufanchites, the Dehavites,
and the Elamites,
1 o And the reft of the nations whom
the great and noble Afnappar brought
over, and fet in the cities of Samaria, and
the reft that are on this fide the river,
and "at fuch a time.
1 1 % This is the copy of the letter that
they fent unto him, even unto Artaxerxes

1 With Pli 112. 6,7.
Zech. 1. 15 — 21.
Rum. 8. 28. John
16. 33. Acts 14.22.
2 Tim, 3. 12,

the Dinaites, the mS£*-£Zi£,s.

n Chald, Cheeneth.
Ch. 5. U-&7..1Z.

fpare from ourfelves, that we may have wherewith to honour him,
or to relieve his poor faints; always taking care to difpofe of it to
the beft advantage. If a good: work is to be done, let us fet
about it with all our might, and without delay, be the difficulties
ever fo great. Never fhould we defpife the day of fmall things,
but encourage ourfelves in the everlafting power and mercy of
God; praifing him for the beginnings of his returning mercy;
affured that they will iffue in perfeclion at laft. And, while we
are in this world, where fhouts of joy can fcarcely be difcerned
from the groans- of weeping, let us rejoice with them that rejoice,
and weep with them that weep.

Samaritans' petition for obfrucling the

EZRA.

building ofthe temple is granted.

Before Chrift
521.

o Amos 7. io- Luke
23. 2. AOj 24. 5.
v.ith Pf. 43. 1, 2.
Sc 52. 2. Sc 12c. 3.
p Neh, 1. l
q Chald. fined toge
ther. PI. 119. 69.

r Chald. give. Ch.
7. 24. Neh. 5. a.
Luke 23. 3.
* Or ftrength.
t Chald. we are fatted
with the jalt 'of the
falace. I Tim. 6.
jo. Phil. 2. 21. Sc

the king ; Thy fervants the men on this
fide the river, and at fuch a time.
12 Be it known unto the king, that
the Jews which came up from thee to us
are come unto Jerufalem, building ° the
rebellious and the bad city, and have
p fet up the walls thereof, and q joined the
foundations.
, 13 Be it known now unto the king,
that, if this city be builded, and the walls
fet up again, then will they not r pay toll,
tribute, and cuftom, and fo thou fhalt

endamage the

revenue of the kings.

t Efth. 3.8. Afls 17.
6, 7. Neh. 2. 19. &
6- 6. Dan. 6. 13,
+ Chald. made.
% Chald. inthe midft
Jhcrcef.

u 'Chald. focitties.
Ver. 7, 9.

S Chald. by me «
Aecree is Jet.

14 Now, becaufe s we have mainte
nance from the king's palace, and it was
not meet for us to fee the king's difho-
nour, therefore have we fent and certi
fied the king,
15 That fearch may be made in the
book of the records of thy fathers ; fo
fhalt thou find in the book of the records,
and know that this city is a rebellious
city, and 'hurtful unto kings and pro
vinces, and that they have + moved fedi-
tion + within the fame of old time : for
which caufe was this city deftroyed.
16 We certify the king that,'' if this
city be builded again, and the walls thereof
fet up, by this means thou fhalt have.no
portion on this fide the river.
1 7 % Then fent the king an anfwer
unto Rehum the chancellor, and to Shim-
fhai the fcribe, and to the reft of their
u companions that dwell in Samaria, and
unto the reft beyond the river, Peace, and
at fuch a time.
1 8 The letter which ye fent unto us
hath been plainly read before me.
19 And I' I commanded, and fearch
hath been made, and it is found that this

Before Chrift
5ZI.
x Chald. lifted „.£
f'lf. 2 Kin. ,„-
&.24. 20. Ezek,
xvii.
yiChr.i4.o,_,|. I, a. 1 Kin, 4. l(,
Gen.15.18.jChr, 17-11. & 26. 8,

* Chald. mk,,
decree.

city of old time hath * made infurredf ion
againft kings, and that rebellion and fe-
dition have been made therein.
20 There y have been mighty kings
alfo over Jerufalem, who have ruled
over all countries beyond the river ; and
toll, tribute, and cuftom, was paid unto
them. 2 1 * Give ye now commandment to
caufe thefe men to ceafe, and that this
city be not builded until another com
mandment fhall be given from me.
22 Take heed now that ye fail not to
do this: why fhould damage grow to the
hurt of the kings ?
23 % Now, when the copy of king
Artaxerxes' letter was read before Rehum
and Shimfhai the fcribe, and their com
panions, they went up zin hafte to Jeru
falem unto the Jews, and made them to
ceafe a by force and power.
24 Then ceafed the work of the houfe
of God which is at Jerufalem. So it ceafed
b unto the fecond year, of the reign of
Darius king of Perfia.
CHAP. V.
After a flop of about eight years, the building ofthe temple
is again revived ; not by might, nor by power, but
by the Spirit of God. (i) The faint-hearted
builders are encouraged, by the prophets Haggai and
Zechariah, to return to their wotk; 1,2. (2) The
courage and malice of their new enemies are blunted;
3 — 5. (3) Overruled by the influence of God,
thefe prefent a fairer remonfirance to Darius againft
it than had been done formerly; 5 — 17>
THEN the prophets, "Haggai the»Hag.i.i.
prophet, and Zechariah the b Ion * 0™^.
of Iddo, prophefied unto the Jews that
were in Judah and Jerufalem c in the ^f'tifftfi.
name of the God of Ifrael, even unto
them.

z Prov. 4. 16. & r.
16. 11.59.7. Rom.
3. IS.

a Chald. by arm ani
fewer. Zech. 4. 6.

b Job 20. 5. Heb. 13,
37. 2 Cor. 4. 17,
Luke 18, 7, 8.

520.

2 Cor. 5. 20. Mat,
28.20,

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — God's temple can never be
built but Satan and his agents will rage, and do all that they can
to oppofe it : and none are ordinarily more bitter oppofers than
pretended and mongrel profeffors. They will turn themfelves into
every fhape to vent their malice; and will not fpare money, labour,
or villany, to accomplifh their purpofe. Pretences of friendfhip,
bribing of counfellors, flattery of princes, and boaftful threatenings
and reproaches, are their common methods of working. Saints
had therefore need to avoid intimacy with them, and to encourage
themfelves in the Lord their God, and be ftrong in him and in
the power of his might. It is common for the faithful followers

of Chrift to be reproached as dangerous enemies" to the ftate:
and, if once profeffors have done an ill thing, their fuccefTorsin
the church are fure to be upbraided with it, although they them
felves fhould heartily comdemn it. When princes defire occafions
of ftumbling, the agents for hell will foon fupply them therewith.
And things, the moft falfe or improbable, are often readily be
lieved by moft againft Chrift and his church. Moft kings neither
can, nor care to, know. the truth with refpeft to their religious
fubjecls. To their great joy, the attempts of perfecutors are xrften
fuccefsful for a time; and the friends of Chrift "and his truths are
too' eafily checked in their reforming attempts.

Jfeathens prefent a more candid remon*

CHAP. V.

f ranee againfl rebuilding the temple.

Before Chrift
52°-
i'Cli. 3. 2. Hag. 1.
12, 14. « 2. I, 4.
eCh.4. 12. Zech. 4.
6-9.
fEccl.I2.II. iCor.
1. 24. 3 John 8*

j Heh. 2. 7. Mlt.
27. 1.
» Weftward of
Euphrates.
1 Oh. 3. N. ver. 10,

J2Chr. 1S.9. Phil.
I. 28. Pi. \a\ se
lf. 41. 10—16. Sc
43. 1, 2. Heb, 13.
¦5i6.
kCfa.6. 6—12.

I Societies.
*.9>I7-

Cii 4.

f Xhald. in the midft
ukereof.

-Ch. 2.1. Neb.. 7.6.
Seu. 3.
jjDmii. 32.31. &10.
17. Exod. 18. II.
Dan. 2. 47. Sc a. 2,
34i 35- « 6.-26.
t Chald.>nw of
rolling.

• Sec ver. j, 4.

2 Then * rofe up Zerubbabel the fon
of Shealtiel, and Jefhua the fon of Joza
dak, and e began to build the houfe of
God which is at Jerufalem: and with
them were the prophets of God f helping
them. 3 % At the fame time came to them
s Tatnai, governor on * this fide the river,
and Shethar-boznai, and their compa
nions, and faid thus unto them, h Who
hath commanded you to build this houfe,
and to make up this wall ?
4 Then faid we unto them after this
manner, What are the names of the men
that make this building?
5 But the ! eye of their God was upon
the elders of the Jews, that they could
not caufe them to ceafe till the matter
came to Darius: and then they k re
turned anfwer by letter concerning this
matter. 6 ^f The copy of the letter that Tat
nai, governor on this fide the river, and
Shethar-boznai, and his ' companions
the Apharfachites, which were on this
fide the river, fent unto Darius the king :
7 They fent a letter unto him,
+ wherein was written thus ; Unto Da
rius the king, all peace.
8 Be it known unto the king, that we
went into ra the province of Judea, to the
houfe ofthe n great God, which is builded
with + great ftones, and timber is laid in
the walls, and this work goeth faft on,
and profpereth in their hands.
9 Then afked we thofe elders, and faid
unto them thus, ° Who commanded you
to build this houfe, and to make up thefe
walls ?
10 We afked their names alfo, to
certify thee, that we might write the
names of the men that were the chief of
them.

. 1 1 And thus they returned us anfwer, Bcf72o.h'ift
faying, We are the p fervants ofthe God vVi. ,,9.46. Mar."
of heaven and earth, and build the houfe He'b^^&'j.'
1 1 M 1 1 1 I- ,4 10- 2J.
that was builded thefe many years ago,
which a great king of Ifrael builded ' and * \\htfk-*.
fet up.
12 But, 'after that our fathers had rjj-&\*^/"'
provoked the God of heaven unto wrath, xxxii-
he gave them into the hand of s Nebu- s %^_5_!-_rr-
chadnezzar the king- of Babylon' the 5™. «:¦£-"
Chaldean, who deftroyed this houfe, and 7~9-
carried the people away into Babylon.
13 But, ' in the firft year of Cyrus the '^••-s.&e.
king of Babylon, the fame king Cyrus
made a decree to build this houfe of
God.

14 And u the veffels alfo of gold and

aCh. 1.7,8. & 6. J.
with 2 Chr. 36. 8,
rt.Dan.5. 2. Phil.
I. li. Prov. 21. l.

I! Or deputy..

filver of the houfe of God, which Nebu
chadnezzar took out of the temple that
was in Jerufalem, and brought them into
the temple of Babylon, thofe did Cyrus
the king take out of the temple of Baby
lon, and they were delivered unto one
whofe name was Shefhbazzar, whom he
had made H governor
15 And faid unto him, Take thefe
veffels, go, carry them into the temple
that is in Jerufalem, and let the houfe of
God be builded in his place.
16 Then x came the fame Shefhbazzar, x^Xl's"i'9'
and laid the foundation of the houfe of
God which is in Jerufalem. And fince
that time even until now hath it been in
building, and yet it is not finifhed.
1 7 Now therefore, if it feem good to
the king, let there be fearch made iii the
king's treafure Tioufe, which is there at
Babylon, whether it be fo that a decree
was made of Cyrus the king to build tjhis
houfe of God at Jerufalem, and let the
king fend his pleafure to us concerning
this matter.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — It is highly defirable to have
thurch and ftate concurring in the work of reformation: but the
declaration of divine truths is always the principal mean. Faithful
«provers are profitable to obedient ears. When God raifes up
faithful minifters to animate fluggifh or dilheartened profeffors,
"ere is hope that the church will "be built up: and, if his eye be
on us for good, we need not fear what man can do to us. His
comfortable prefence fhould animate us to the uttnoft diligence in
Vol. I.

his work: nor ought we to conceal the juft manifeftations of his
difpleafure againft us or our fathers. It is a great mercy when the
people of God have to do with enemies that make fome confeience
of telling the truth. Chrift's followers are never perfecuted but
when they are belied. Let their caufe be but fairly ftated and
fairly heard, and it will ftand its ground againft every oppofition.
And it is often falfe information,- and not malice, that makes ma
giftrates to ifliie forth perfecuting edicts and fen|ences.
4«

Decrees of Cyrus and Darius for

EZRA.

rebuilding the Jewifh temple'.

Eefere cnrift
5'9-

«Ci. s.17.

* ChaU. boeil.
f Chald. made to
dcjcend.

CHAP. VI.
Here, (1) Purfuant to the requeft ofthe Samaritan
memorialifts, the decree of Cyrus for rebuilding the
temple is fought for, found, and reviewed; I — 5.
(2) By a new decree, Darius enforces it; and, under
a fivere denunciation, requires the Samaritans not to
hinder the work, but to give the builders, out of his
revenues, whatever they needed to defray the ex-
peitfes, or to purchafe oblations to be there offered;
6 — 12. (3) In confequence of this edicl, the temple
is finijhed in four years, and about twenty years
and fix months after it zvas founded; I J— 15-
(4) It is dedicated with folemn facrifices and a re
ef! ablijhment of the Levitical order; and the fervice
is begun with a regular and unanimous celebration
of the paffover and feaft of unleavened bread;
16 — 22.
THEN * Darius the king made a de
cree, and fearch was made in the
houfe of the "rolls, where the treafures
were + laid up in Babylon.
chkf 2 And there was found * at Achme-
£t^.edja'°r tha, in the palace that is in the province
of the Medes, a roll, and therein was a
record thus written :
fc n-js'Tc^io'. 3 In the b firft year of Cyrus the king,
«: l^44' *8' the fame Cyrus the king made a decree
concerning the houfe of God at Jerufalem,
Let the houfe be builded, the place where
they offered facrifices, and let the found-
ciuso.i2.Rev.». ations thereof be ftrongly laid; c the
height thereof threefcore cubits, and the
breadth thereof threefcore cubits ;
aiEn.6.36. 4. With d three rows of great ftones,
• ch.720.pr.68. and a row of new timber: and elet the
29. ver. 8. If. 60.
«l9.Hag.2.8. eXpenfes be given out ofthe king's houfe.
"y£2j*£X?- 5 And alfo f let the golden and filver
B-uift,'1*" veffels of the houfe of God, which
Nebuchadnezzar took forth out of the
temple which is at Jerufalem and brought
»ci_w.i.. unto Babylon, be reftored, and " brought
again unto the temple which is at Jeru
falem, every one to his place, and place
them in the houfe of God.
6 g Now therefore Tatnai, governor
beyond the river, Shethar-boznai, and
»chaid.<i«vJwrt.„, * your companions the Apharfachites,
which are beyond the river, be ye far
from thence :
7 Let the work of this houfe of God
alone; let the governor of the Jews and
the elders of the Jews build, this houfe
of God in his place.
7

Before Chrift1
519.

8 Moreover, * I make a decree what
-ye fhall do to the elders of thefe Jews »ciuid.>,„„r~
for the building of this houfe of God ;
that h of the king's goods, even of the *_£**££¦
tribute beyond the river* forthwith ex- 6'9'
penfes be given unto thefe men, that they
be not + hindered. + 2t' """'"'
9 And that which they have need of,
'both young bullocks, and rams, and '^'x^l&x™:"
lambs, for the burnt-offerings of the God i>- r'9•^9'&B•
of heaven, wheat, fait, wine, and oil,
according to the appointment of the
priefts which are at Jerufalem, let it be
given them day by day without fail ;
10 That they- may offer facrifices k of "^"i-S*:^;
fweet favours unto the God of heaven,.

• Pf. 76. 10. Prov.
21. 1, 30. Jer. 5.
22. Rom. 8. 28.
2 Chr. 4. 17.

17. &4- 3I.&&!
IS, 41. & 8. 28. Sc
and 'pray for the life of the king and of ^'s-^-fe
1 Ch. 7. 23. Jer. 29.
7. 1 Tim. 2. 2.
m Ch.7. 26. Dim- 1.

his fons.
1 1 Alfo I have made a decree, m that
whofoever fhall alter this word, let tim- ****¦•*
ber be pulled down from his houfe, and,
being fet up, * let him be hanged thereon ; *_*£_' ""•
and let his houfe be made a dunghill for
this. 12 And the God that hath caufed "his nf %.%',%%,
name to dwell there ° deftroy all kings £>.*#?£ ii.76"
J . O z Chr. 6. 6. 2 Sam.
and people that fhall put to their hand 7- "6-
to alter and to deftroy this houfe of God, '-'i^&'c^j?'*?
J • 1 • T 1-1 T T-. • 1 ' «• 8-12. & 68.
which is at Jerufalem. I p Darius have "•3°--&"°.sa
made a decree ; let it be done q with v zTwLXl"'
ipeea. • * Pf, „Jg. 59i &
1 2 % Then r Tatnai, governor on this "Kin. 17.24-34.1
r 1 1 • <-.! 1 1 ° • 1 , • ch. 4. 9. John 4. 9.
fide the river, Shethar-boznai, and their l^* 52,53-
companions, according to that which
Darius the. king had fent, & fo they did ' ^S&SS
fpeedily. • m**.
1 4 And * the elders-of the Jews builded, x<%£\%%?
and they profpered through the "prophe- u?1j;s^h1'i-xw.
fying of Haggai the prophet and Zecha- iC>"'4'-
riah the fon of Iddo : and they builded
and finifhed it according to the x com- *lc-«-*-lIii-t*
mandment of the God of Ifrael, and ac
cording to the y commandment of Cyrus, y vSi-i* "'
and Darius,
Perfia. 1 5 And this houfe was finifhed on the
third day of the month Adar, which was
in the fixth year of the reign of Darius
the king.
1 6 % And * the children of Ifrael, the "Jfiffi

and Artaxerxes king of

xxii— *xvH>
70.

Temple fnifhed and dedicated.

CHAP. VI. VII.

Genealogy of Ezra the priefi.

Before Chrift
5««-.

aNim. 7. 10, 88.
I Kin, 8. 63.
fcCh. 3. II, 12.
I Chr. 15. 18.
2 Chr. 7. 10.
cNnm. 7. 1—88.
,Kin. 8. 63. Sc
18. 31. ch. 8. 35.
1 Chr. 16. 1.
jClir. 29. 22.

iNum. 3.6. &8-9-
\rilh 1 Chr. xxiv
—xxvi.

,515.
e Exod. 12. 2—49.
&2i. 14,15. 6434.
18. Dear. 16. 1, 2,
16. Lev. 23. 5.
Num. 9. 2, 3. &
28. 16. I Cor. 5.
7, 8. Jofli. 5. 10.
'2 Chr. xxx. xxxv.
f2Chr.29. 34.&3S.
14. Heb. 7.261 27.
1 Pet. 2, 9.

tCh.9.11. Pr.93.5.
¦Exod. 12. 47—49.
Rom. 12. 1, 2.
2 Cor. 6. 14 — 18.
Phil. 2. 15, 16.

hi Chr. 30. 21. &
3;. 17. Exod. 12.
18—20. & 13. 6, 7.
&23.15.&34. 18.
Lev. 23. 6—8.
Num. 28. 17 — 25.
&16. 3,4.Jofli. 5.
¦'. Ji. I Cor. j. 7, 8.
•'JPct.2. 1,2.
i Prov. 21. I. John
19. II. ch. 9. 9.
ver. 3-13.
JI Perfia, which now
included Aflyria.

priefts, and the Levites, and the reft
ofthe children ofthe captivity, kept the
a dedication of this houfe of God b with
1 7 And c offered at the dedication of
this houfe of God an hundred bullocks,
two hundred rams, four hundred lambs ;
and, for a fin-offering for all Ifrael, twelve
he goats, according to the number of the
tribes of Ifrael.
18 And they fet the priefts in their
divifions, and the Levites in their courfes,
for the fervice of God, which is at Jeru
falem : d as it is written in the book of
Mofes. 19 And the children of the captivity
e kept the paffover upon the fourteenth
Jay ofthe firft month.
20 For the priefts and the Levites were
f purified together, all of them were pure,
and killed the paffover for all the children
of the captivity, and for their brethren
the priefts, and for themfelves.
2 1 And the children of Ifrael, which
were come again out of captivity, and
all s fuch as had feparated themfelves unto
them from the filthinefs of the heathen
of the land, to feek the Lord God of
Ifrael, did eat,
22 h And kept the feaft of unleavened
bread feven days with joy ; for the Lord
had made them joyful, and ' turned the
heart of the king of " Affyria unto them,
to ftrengthen their hands in the work of
the houfe of God, the God of Ifrael.
CHAP. VII.
When Jefhua the high prieft and Zerubbabel had
finifhed their courfe, and Haggai and Zechariah the

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — Impartial fearch never hurts,
but helps, the caufe of truth : and God makes the attempts againft
his church the means of her advantage and honour. He raifes up
unexpected inftruments to accomplifh his gracious purpofes. And
often his fpiritual work is carried on by their means, who have
neither part nor lot in the matter. The prayers of the godly are,
or ought to be, the great fupport of nations and their magiftrates:
and, if magiftrates underftood their own interefts, they would care
fully fecure them in their favour. But dreadful is the curfe which
fhall at laft light upon all the enemies of Chrift and his church.
And it is high°time to be active and bold in his work, when we are
bound to it by his exprefs command, fhamed into it by repeated
edifls of heathen magiftrates, and encouraged in it by his faithful
minifters. God wilfhave his work finifhed at laft, notwithftand-

Eefrre Chrift
«7-

prophets their teftimony, God, who can never want
inftruments, rafts up Ezra and Nehemiah in their
room. Here is (i) A general account cf Ezra him
felf, and of his expedition to Jerufalem for thc good of '
his. nation; i — io. (2) A crpy of his commiffion
from Artaxerxes Longhand ; empowering, him tos take
along with him as mctny Jews as he pleafed; — to
carry the money, contributed by the king and his court,
for the temple fervice ; — to demand whatever more
he needed from the king's treafurers. on the weft of
the Euphrates; — to free all that ferved at the temple
from public taxes ; — and ta appoint proper magi
ftrates in Judea; 11 — 26. (3) Ezra's thankf
giving to God for inclining Artaxerxes' heart to
order fuch things; 27, 28.
O W after thefe things, in the reign
of * Artaxerxes king of Perfia, a Ezra *^r"f ^ „
the fon of b Seraiah, the fon of Azariah,
the fon of c Hilkiah,
2 The fon of Shallum, the fon of
d Zadok, the fon of Ahitub,
3 The fon of Amariah, the fon of Aza
riah, the fon of Meraioth,
4 The fon of Zerahiah, the fon of
Uzzi, the fon of Bukki,
5 The fon of Abifhua, the fon of
'Phinehas, the fon of Eleazar, the fon c 'N^; fj.Vf;,,
of Aaron the chief prieft : lts\%t £*.

b 2 Kin. 25. 18.
1 Chr. 6. 4—14,
5- — 53-
c 2 Chr. 34. 9, 15.
d 1 Chr. 6. 8—12.
He was delccnd&l
from the high
priefts.

6 This Ezra went up from Babylon ;
and he was a f ready fcribe in the law of fY^",*.
Mofes, which the Lord God of Ifrael

21. eh, 3.
9,11. PC 45.*;

had given:

and the king s granted him all

g Ver. 11 — 26. ch. 9.
22. 31. Neh. 2. 4

his requeft, according to the hand of the
Lord his God upon him.
7 And there h went no fome of the chil- h Sc'h^i*
dren of Ifrael, and of the priefts, andthe
Levites, and the fingers, and the porters,
and the Nethinims, unto Jerufalem, in
the feventh year of Artaxerxes the
king. 8 And he came to Jerufalem in the

ing ten thoufand obftructions. What a mercy is it when Chrift's
church is prepared for the exact obfervance of all his ordinances,
the moft folemn not excepted! And it is a matter of great joy to
all his true friends, and an honour to a church, when minifters are
remarkably holy and faithful. Yea, it is highly neceffary that all
of us folemnly dedicate ourfelves for temples to God; and offer up
the folemn prayers of faith for God's bleffing on the ordinances of
his grace, which we have, or expefr to enjoy. Yet not upon our
fervices in his church muft our hopes and joys depend, but on
Jefus, as our God-honouring and fin-expiating oblation, and our
paffover facrificed for us. If we live on him as our all in all, and
occupy ourfelves diligently in his fervice, the Lord will provide
friends for us, even where we leaft expected.
4S2

Ezra goes from Perjia to Judea.

Before Chrift
45T-

i Prov. 3. 6. If- 43.
1, 2. & 41. 10. Pf.
68.2.2. Heb. J 3. 5S
6- Rom. 8. .1. Ii.
46. 3, 4.

k 1 Sam. 7. j. 2 Chr.
,9. ;. & 17. 6.
Prov. 4. 23. Mat.
7.24.
1 Mal. i.y. 1 Tim. 3.
2. 2 Tim- 4. 2.
aKin. 2.. 5.

m I2ek.26.7- Dan.
4. 3S. aKin. 18.
19. If. iu S.
n Or 7o libera ib»
frit!)) ,1 ptrftEi
fcribe of the law of
the God of heaven,
peace, &c.
Ch. 41. 7.
o Ch. 1. 3. If. 27. 13,
T4. & 45. 13. Pi.
no. j. judg. 5.
4,-9.

' Chajd. from bsfbre
the king.

p Efth. 1. 14.

«i Dan. 2. 47. & 6.
ao, 26. &; 3.-29.

»Ch»6.4,8— 10. Pf.
68^-29. If. 60. 6, 9.
Rev. si. 24,26.

a^Chr. 6. 2,6.&29.
6. fee ch. 6. 12.
tCh.8.25. &2.S8,
69. Exod.iJ. z. &
3_. j,zi.

¦pCh.fi.O. Deut. 14.
34 — ifrLev. i — vi.
Num. xv. xxviii.
xxix. 1 Chr. 9.29.
& 12. 40,

* 2Xin. 12. 15, &
aa.7. i Cor. 4. j, a-

fifth month, which <uw in the feventh
year of the king.
9 For ' upon the firft day of the firft
month began he to go up from Babylon,
and on the firft day of the fifth month
came he to Jerufalem, according to the
good hand of his God upon him.
1 o For Ezra had k prepared his heart
to feek the law of the Lord, and to do
//, and ' to teach in Ifrael ftatutes and
judgments. 1 1 <[[ Now this is fhe copy ofthe letter
that the king Artaxerxes gave unto Ezra
the prieft, the fcribe, even a fcribe of
the words of the commandments of the
Lord, and of his ftatutes to Ifrael.
12 Artaxerxes m king of kings, n unto
Ezra the prieft, a fcribe of the law of the
God of heaven, perfect: -peace, and at fuch
a time. 1 2 I make a decree, that ° all they of
the people of Ifrael, and oj "his priefts and
Levites, in my realm, who are minded
of their own free will to go up to Jeru
falem, go with thee.
14 Forafmuch as thou art fent * of the'
king, and of his p feven councilors, to
inquire concerning Judah and Jerufalem,
according to the law of 1 thy God which
is in thine hand ;
1 5 And to carry r the filver and gold,
which the king and his counfellors have
freely offered unto the God of Ifrael,
whofe habitation s is in Jerufalem,
1 6 ' And all the filver and gold that
thou canft find in all the province of Ba
bylon, with the free-will-offering of the
people, and of the priefts, offering will
ingly for the houfe of their X3od which
is in Jerufalem :
1 7 That ™ thou mayeft buy fpeedily
with this money bullocks, rams, lambs,
with their meat-offerings and their drink-
offerings, and offer them upon the altar
of the houfe of your God which is in Je
rufalem. 1 8 And x whatfoever fhall feem good
to thee and to thy brethren, to do with
the reft of the filver and gold, that do
after the will of your God.

treafurers ^-.^

EZRA. Artaxerxes'' edifi in favour if the Jews.
19 The veffels' alfo that are given thee "^j**
for the fervice of the houfe of thy God, ~~ ~
thofe deliver thou before the God of Jeru
falem. 20 And whatfoever more mail be need
ful for the houfe of thy God, which thou
fhalt have occafion to beftow,. beftow it
out of the king's treafure houfe.
2 1 And I, even I Artaxerxes the king,
do make a decree to ? all the
who are beyond the river, that whatfo
ever Ezra the prieft, the fcribe of the
law of the God of heaven, fhall require
of you, it be done fpeedily ;
22 Unto f an hundred talents of filver, f ^^''s*
and to an hundred + meafures of wheat, *a_H.-«-,
and to an hundred baths of wine, and to
an hundred baths of oil, and fait without
prefcribing how much.
23 II Whatfoever is commanded by the-"ItSr
God of heaven., let it be diligently done
for the houfe of the God of heaven : for
'why fhould there be wrath againft the «<*¦«¦»¦"'•*
realm of the king and his fons ?
24 Alfo we certify you, that, touching
any of the priefts and Levites, fingers,
porters, Nethinims, or minifters of this
houfe of God, "it fhall not be lawful to aS.";f,r
impofe toll, tribute, or cuftom, upon
them. 25 And thou, Ezra, after the wif
dom of thy God that is in thine hand,
fet b magiftrates and judges, who may
judge all the people that are beyond the
river, all fuch as know the laws of thy
God ; and c teach ye them that know cmff&l;lf%ffj.
them not.
26 And d whofoever will not do the
law of thy God, and the law of the king,
let judgment be executed fpeedily upoil
him, whether // be unto death, or * to
banifhment, or to confifcation of goods,
or to imprifonment.
27 % e Blefled be the Lord God of our
fathers, who hath put fuch a thing as
this in the king's heart, to beautify the
houfe of the Lord which is in Jeru
falem :
28 And f hath extended mercy unto f c_;; fog; 5*5:1*
me before the king* and his -counfellors,

b Exod. 18. 21—24
Deut. 16. 18. PS
19. 43. If. 14. 1.
Zech. 2. -II.

.29.
2 Tim. 4. 2. Mat.
iS. 20. Tit. I. 9.
2 Chr. 17. 7.
d Ch. 6. 11. Dan: J.
28. 29. Sc 6. 24.
Rom. 1;. I — 6.
I Pet. 2. 13, 14.
* Chald, lo n>«nnt
out.

1.17-

Pio

tifofEz
Before Chrift
457-
« PI. 138. 3- 2 Tim.
* 4. 17. Neh. 2. 8.
ver, 6.

ra j

CHAP. VIII.

attendants to Judea.

1 1 On. 4. j], ch.7.
7,13-

b 1 Chr. 6. 4.
c 1 Chr. 6. 3.
tt I Chr. 3. 1, 22.

eCh..2.1. Sc 10.25.
Neh. 7. 8.

fCh.2.6. & 10.30,
Neh. 10. 14. & 7,
II,

»Ch.i.i;.Neluia 16. & 7, 20.

Kh.2.7. &10.26.
Neh. 7. 12.

and before all the king's mighty pripces.
And I was ftrengthened s as the hand of
the Lord my God was upon me, and I
gathered together out of Ifrael chief men
to go up with me.
CHAP. VIII.
Here^ is an account of (1) The company who went
with Ezra from Babyltn to Jerufalem, fevcntcen
hundred and fifty -fur in all ; 1 — 20. (2) The fo
lemn faft which they kept by the way, for obtaining
the prefence of God to direSt, protest, and comfort
them in their journey; 21 — 23. (3) The care
which Ezra took of the facred treafure he had zuith
him, and the charge with which he committed ii to
the priefts; 24 — 30. (4) The care God took of
them in their journey, and their fafe arrival at
Jerufalem; 31, 32. (5) There they delivered the
money to the priefts ; 33, 34 : and their commiffions
to the king's lieutenants; 36: and offered facrifices
of thankfgiving, and for atonement, to God; 35.
THESE are now the chief of their
fathers, and this is the "genealogy
r 1 1
of them that went up with me from Ba
bylon, in the reign of Artaxerxes the
king. 2 Of the fons of b Phinehas ; Ger
fhom : of the fons of c Ithamar ; Daniel :
of the fons" of d David ; Hattufh.
3 Of the fons of Shechaniah, of the
fons c of Pharofh ; Zechariah : and with
him were reckoned by genealogy of the
males an hundred and fifty.
4 Ofthe fons of fPahath-moab; Eli-
hoenai the fon of Zerahiah, and with
him two hundred males.
5 Of the fons of Shechaniah ; the fon
of Jahaziel, and with him three hundred
males. •
6 Of the fons alfo of * Adin ; Ebed
the fon of Jonathan, and with him fifty
males. ' 7 And of the fons of h Elam ; Jefhaiah
the fon of Athaliah, and with him feventy
males.

8 And of the fons of ' Shephatiah ;
Zebadiah the fon of Michael, and with
him fourfcore males.
9 Of the fons of k Joab ; Obadiah the
fon of Jehiel, and with him two hundred
and eighteen males.
10 And of the fons of Shelomith ; the
fon of Jofiphiah, and with him an hun
dred and threefcore males.
11 And of the fons of 1 Bebai ; Zecha
riah the fon of Bebai, and with him
twenty and eight males.
1 2 And of the fons of m Azgad ; Joha
nan * the fon of Hakkatan, and with him
an hundred and ten males.
13 And of the laft fons of "Adonikam,
whofe names are thefe, Eliphelet, Jeiel,
and Shemaiah, and with them threefcore
males. 1 4 Of the fons alfo of ° Bigvai ; Uthai,
and "•" Zabbud, and with them feventy
males. 1 5 5F Anc' I gathered them together to
pthe river that runneth to Ahava; and
there + abode we in tents three days :
and 1 1 viewed the people, and the priefts,
and found there r none of the fons of
Levi. 1 6 Then fent I for Eliezer, for Ariel,
for Shemaiah, and for Elnathan, and for
Jarib, and for Elnathan, and for Nathan,
and for Zechariah, and for Mefhullam,
chief men ; alfo for Joiarib and for El
nathan, men of underftanding.
1 7 And I fent them with command
ment unto Iddo the chief at the place
Cafiphia; and 5 1 told them what they
fhould fay unto Iddo, and to his brethren
the c Nethinims, at the place Cafiphia,
that they fhould bring unto us minifters
for the houfe of our God.
18 And, by the u good hand of our

lieftM Chrift
457-
i Ch. 2. 4. Neh. 7. 9.
kCb.2.6.Neh,7,*

lCh.l,n.Nch,7.l&

in Ch. ». 12. Neh. 7.
17-
* Or tht pun'eft fon.

n Ch. 2. 13. Neh. -.
18.

0 Ch, 2. 14. Neh. 7.
f Qt Zaccur.

p Pf. 137. I.
X Or pitched.
13 Prov. 27. 23. Ails
20. 28. Heb. 13.17.
r No mere Levites.
Ntim.viii. ch. 7. 7.
ver. 2*

s Heh. I put tuords-
in their mouth.
2 Sam. 14. 3, 19.
t Seech. 2. 58,70. Sc
7. 7,24. 1 Chr. 0.
z. Neh. 7. 60. Sr.
IJ.3.

u Ch. 7. 28. Pro*.
3.6.

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — God richly endows men
with proper gifts and grace when he intends them for diftin
guifhed work in his church. And that character is highly exalted
in which great knowledge and activity meet with great hoiinefs of
heart and life. Yea very excellent is a knowledge of the fcrip
tures, when it is reduced to pra&ice and employed in the inftruc-
tion of others. If God call us to a difficult fervice, he can make
all things concur to our encouragement. If his people want ma-
jiftxates of their own 'religion, he can make heathens to compen.

fate the lofs, doing honour to his word as the rule ; fhewing at
once generous hearts and open hands, and punifhing contemptuous
defpifers of him and his interefts. But how thankful ought we to
be when he thus makes the princes of this world nurfing parents to
his church, terrors to evil doers, and a praife to them that do
well! Surely then it is becoming in us to depend on him alone as
our ftrength and falvation, and to afcribe the glory of all that we
are or do in his fervice to his own power and grace.

EZRA.

Before Chrift
457-
x Neh, 8. 7,3. Sc 9
4, 5. Mal. 2. 7
1 Cor. 3. jo.
1 Chr. 12. 32.

y Kch. 3. 17. & 10.

z See ch. 2. 44.
1 Chr. 9. 2. jofh.

JEsrtf and his companions obferve afaf.
God upon us, they brought us * a man of
;. underftanding, of the fons of Mahli, the
fon of Levi, the fon of Ifrael; and She-
rebiah, with his fons and his brethren,
eighteen ;
19 And f Hafhabiah, and with him je
fhaiah of the fons of Merari, his brethren
and their fons, twenty ;
20 * Alfo of the Nethinims, whom
9.3,27. .ee vcr.17. x)avid and the princes had appointed for
the fervice of the Levites, two hundred
and twenty Nethinims : all of them were
expreffed by name.
21 ^[Then aI proclaimed a faft there
at the river Ahava, that we might b af
flict ourfelves before our God, to c feek of
him a right way for us, and for our little
.ones, and for all our fubftance.'
22 For I was d afhamed to require of
the king a band of foldiers and horfemen
to help us againft the enemy in the way;
"becaufe we had fpoken unto the

ft 1 Sam. 7. 6. 2 Chr.
20..3. Jon. 3.6 — 8.
Han. ix. x.
b If. 58. 5. Lev. 16.
29.
c Prov. 3. 6. Jer. 50.
4>5-

i 1 Cor. 9. 15. & 6.
12. Sc 10. 23. Pf.
20. 5, 7. & 33. 16
—IB. Prov. u.
30, 31.

king,
"z^scM^t faying, e The hand of our God is upon
Tj^£^m.t all them for good that feek him, but his
i^v.ix'vij^: power and his wrath is againft all them
11— 13.

f Mat. 7.7. & 9.
Joel 2. 12 — 14.
4t- II. ver. 31.

that forfake him.
So f we fafted,

23

and

jCh.I.8.Phi!.4.8, ver. 29, 33, 34.

feCll. 1. IJ, 16.

i About 83,614!.
Jterling.

they arrive fafe at Jerufalem
k holy

Before Chrift
457-
kLeV.5. IJ.Ver.25,
ch, 7. 15, 16.

* Ucb. ve-'iW, or
fi.itih't' bras.
i Deut. 33.8. Exod,
xxfiii. xxix. Lev,
viii. ix. Num. iii,
iv. xvi. x\ii.

befought our
God for this ; and he was entreated of
us- 2.4 *f[ Then I feparated twelve of the
chief of the priefts, Sherebiah, Hafhabiah,
and ten of their brethren with them,
2-5 And s weighed unto them the filver,
and the gold, and the veffels, even the
offering of the houfe of our God, h which
the king, and his counfellors, and his
lords, and all Ifrael there prefent, had
.offered :
26 I even weighed unto their hand
1' fix hundred and fifty talents of filver,
and filver veffels an hundred talents, and
of gold an hundred talents ;
27 Alfo twenty bafons of gold, of a
thoufand drams; and two veffels of *fine
copper, precious as gold.
28 And I faid unto them

Ye

are

holy

Reflections upon Chap.. VIIL— How fhameful it is to find
fuch numbers of Jews ftill in Affyria, after they had had near
eighty years' liberty of returning to Judea, where their brethren
¦//ere, and their God, before them. And efpecially that the reve-

1 I Chr. 26. 10—25,
Luke 12. 37, j8.
Acts 20. 31, Hell.
13. 17. Rev, 2. 13,
25. & j. j, 11,

j.1, „ m Ch. 7. g, «i_

n2Chr.16-9.Pf.of. 1 — 11. ch. 7.6, 28.
ver. 12. If. 46.3, 4.
Sc 43. IT 2. Sc 41.
10—16. Heh, 13.
5,6.

unto the Lord ; the veffels are
alio; and the filver and the gold are a
free-will-offering unto the Lord God of
your fathers.
29 -1 Watch ye, and keep them until
ye weigh them before the chief of the
priefts, and the Levites, and chief of the
fathers of Ifrael, at Jerufalem, in the
chambers of the houfe of the Lord.
2o So took the priefts and the Levites
the weight ofthe filver, and the gold, and -
the veffels, to bring them to Jerufalem
unto the houfe of our God.
3 1 % Then we departed from the river
of Ahava on the m twelfth day of
firft month, to go unto Jerufalem : and
the n hand of our God was upon us, and
he delivered us from the hand of the
enemy, and of ftich as lay in wait by the
way. 32 And we came to Jerufalem, and
abode there three days.
22 ^[Now on the fourth day was the
filver, and the gold, and the veffels,
weighed in the houfe of our God by the
hand of ° Merimoth the fon of Uriah the «**i-**»p
prieft ; and with him was Eleazar the
fon of Phinehas ; and with them was
p Jozabad the fon of Jefhua, and Noadiah pi*-.**
the fon of Binnui, Levites ;
34 By number and by- weight of every
one. And all the weight was written at
that time.
25 Alfo the children of thofe that had
been carried-away, which were come out .
of the captivity, i offered burnt-offerings *™i\?C,Xit
unto the God of Ifrael, r twelve bullocks roue.!?.**-*
for all Ifrael, ninety and fix rams, feventy
and feven lambs, twelve he goats^/or a
fin-offering : all this was
unto the Lord.
36 % And they delivered the
commiflions unto the king's s lieutenants, $ch.7.n,
and to the governors on this fide the
river; and they 'furthered the people,
and the houfe of God.

a burnt-offering

king's

tlf.s6.6.&i4.i.& 61. 5, 6. Zeph. 3-
14—10. Rev. 12.

nues for God's temple, even from heathens' hands, fhould be in
more forwardnefs than Levitical minifters to bear or ufe them !
But they who are backward to their duty muft be ftirred up.
Every vacancy in the church ought to be fpeedily fupplied with

Ezra's bitter grief on account ofthe

CHAP. IX.

fcforc Chrift
- 457-

CHAP. IX.
Now the Perfian government was kind to the Jews :
they had no perfecutions from without; nor do we
hear of any idolatry, or neglecl of the temple fervice,
among them ; _ hut yet all is not right. Here
( I ) A complaint is brought to Ezra, that many of
the people, priefts and Levites, had married heathen
wives; i, 2. (2) Ezra, and others inftigated by
his example, are overwhelmed with grief on account
cf it, as it had been the original caufe of tbeir former
fins and judgments; 3, 4. (3) At the time of the
evening facrifice he, with much godly forrow, fear,
and fhame, makes a folemn confeffion of it to God,
and of its aggravations, as it was a fin which the
nation had long continued in, and had committed
againft God's exprefs law, and his manifold mercies
and judgments ; 5 — 15.
NOW when thefe things were done
the princes came to me, faying,
.OUJ-,*.-* ,The people of Ifradj and th_ bprieftg5
bMa^'2^3.tT,' anc* t"le Levites, have not e feparated
cE*xi. 34.16. Deut. themfelves from the people of the lands,
*D«t. Ai9.*Hn. ^^iT d according to their abominations,
tcor'.j^tRom. even of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the
|ij&&™'&'& Perizzites, the Jebufites, the Ammonites,
the Moabites, the Egyptians, and the
Amorites.
'fit ju'^fe, 2 For they have e taken of their daugh-
|3*£zs.}ic£: ters for themfelves, and for their fons ;
ficor7..4.fee f° that the f holy feed have mingled
•g& *££.*¦ themfelves with the people of thofe lands :
yea, the hand of the princes and rulers
hath been chief in this trefpafs.
*s/o(M.f'J9,34' 3 And when I heard this thing I srent
hjohi.M.ir.i5.s. my garment and my mantle, andhplucked
|£,*i.^k-^* off the hair of my head and of my beard,
iNeh.i.4.pf.i43.4. and 'fat down aftonied.
4 Then were affembled unto me every
'*?&»* IT* one that k trembled at the words, of the
.4.4.-1. is, 3. qq(j o£ Ifrael, becaufe of the tranfgref-
fion of thofe that had been carried away ;
and I fat aftonied until the evening fa
crifice.
^Xg'tfS: 5 % And at l the evening facrifice I

paftors according to God's heart. With the utmoft care we ought
to avoid every thing that looks like diftrufting of our God, or
dependance on an arm of flefh. We had better expofe ourfelves
to difficulties than diftionour God, or give occafion of ftum-
bling even to heathens. In perplexing circumftances let us apply
to folemn falling and fervent prayer. They, who in a humble
and dependant manner feek him, will find him a very prefent help^
.'in trouble. Let us therefore by faith caft all the care of our per
fons, families, and eftates, upon him.. Only holy perfons are
duly qualified to take charge of holy tilings, and efpecially of pre

mier' marriages with heathen women.
arofe up from my heavinefs; and, having Ber^^hrift
rent my garment and my mantle, I fell ~
mupon my knees, and fpread out my ^j^8-^"*
hands unto the Lord my God,
6 And faid, O my God, a I am afhamed *^£g-g*:
and blufli to lift up my face to thee, my Itti'^H,
God: p for our iniquities are increafed oPf.38.4.Dan.g,
over our head, and our trefpafs is grown 'GelCil'sf.'st .,
. 1 T l ° 18. 2 Sam, 24. l6,
up unto the heavens.
7 Since the p days of our fathers have p\^i.Yefli~
we been in a great trefpafs unto this day; jS.*™*-'"
dr . V . . . x . . J ¦ xxxii. Lev. xxvi,
for our iniquities have we, our kings, J"?*-"- ilcin-
• n 1 i **"'
and our priefts, been delivered into the
hand of the kings of the lands, to the
fword, to captivity, and to a fpoil, and
to confufion of face, as // is this day.
8 And now for a q little fpace grace qHeb..-~j«i<._eit..
1 & 1— viii. Hag. 1. a.
hath been fhewed from the Lord our Zech' l~"'
God, to leave us a remnant to efcape,
and to give us *a nail in his holy place, *°\,%]iwl£tJfre
that our God may * lighten -our eyes, and , ,tf. M. 17, „.
give us a little reviving in our bondage.
9 For s we were bond-men ; yet our ^zt'ii.t^lt

etc 1

God hath not forfaken us in our bondage,
but hath extended mercy unto us in the
1 fight ofthe kings of Perfia, to give us tCfl^X%%si
a reviving, to fet up the houfe of our God, *-m!f£. WTfi
and to repair the defolations thereof, and ^^^Li\t'
to give us ua wall in Judah and in Jeru- uIf-5-*-Zcch'i-j-
falem.

10

And

now, O our God, x what
fhall we fay after this ? for we have for
faken thy commandments,
1 1 Which thou haft commanded y by y
thy fervants the prophets, faying, The
land, unto which ye go to poffefs it, is
an unclean land with the filthinefs of the
people ofthe lands, with their abomina
tions, which have filled it from one end
to another with their uncleannefs.
1 2 Now therefore give not your daugh-

I.am. 31 22.
4— -16. Jou
Pf. 13°- 3
2, Rom. 3,

Dan.9.9-2,3.
Sc 143.
19, 20.

Lev. xvi'i
7. 3. Exod
33. Jolh. 2
Jndg. 2. 2.

Deut.
23- 32,
3. 12.

cious fouls. And the greateft accuracy and fidelity are neceffary-
in every truft, as we muft give account to God. But O how
infinite is his goodnefs in bringing his chofen people fafe through.
dangers, rendering their truftees honeft and faithful, their compa
nions devout, and their enemies friendly! And foon fhall his gra
cious defigns be complete, in bringing all the ranfomed millions to
the Canaan, the Jerufalem above, where they fhall for ever behold,
live on, and rejoice with, Jefus their all-comprehending facrifice j.
and where they fhall find none but furtherers of their wcrk.

Ezra's folemn prayer and fading.

EZRA. Jews' refolution to put away frange wives.

Before Chrift
457-

ters unto their fons, neither take their
daughters unto your fons, nor feek their
^vtlcsf.'rf:*' peace or their wealth for ever: zthat ye
may be ftrong, and eat the good of the
land, and leave it for an inheritance to
your children for ever.
13 And, after all that is come upon us
for our evil deeds, and for our great
'?££*&. trefpafs, feeing that thou our God ahaft
lob^i'ff 4S'46' punifhed us lefs than our iniquities de-
ferve, and haft given us fuch deliverance
as this ;
bR.m.6.,,2.jo1.» _4 b should we again break thy com
mandments, and join in affinity with the
people of thefe abominations ? c wouldft
not thou be angry with us till thou hadft
confumed us, fo that there fhould be no
remnant nor efcaping ?
1 5 d O Lord God of Ifrael, thou art
righteous ; for we remain yet efcaped,
as it is this day : behold, we are before
thee in our trefpaffes ; for we cannot
e ftand before thee becaufe of this.

c Lev. 26 18,23,24.
27 — 39. Deut.
28. 15—68. St. 32,
21—23.

rl Dan. 9. 4— 116.
Pf.32-S.

c Pf. 130. 3. Sc 14)
1, a. Job 9. 2, 3.
Rom. 3.19,20,22

CHAP.

X.

a Tech. 12. 10. Pf.
32. 5. Prov. 28. 13.
j John 1. 9, 10.
Hof. 14. I, 2.

fc 1 Kin. 8. 30. Sc 9.3. J

Here, ( I ) After folemn humiliation for their marry
ing ftrange wives, Shechaniah propofes that they
jhould be put away, and the people prefent bind them
felves to it by oath ; and Ezra, after much folemn
mourning, beftirs himfelf to put this in execution :
1 — 7. (2) A general affembly being held at Jeru
falem, the guilty promife to put away thefe ftrange
•wives ; but the exceffive rain makes it impraSlicable
for them to continue together; 8 — 13. (3) The
rulers in the different cities, along with fome ap
pointed affiftants, tranfail the affair, and in two
months diffolve thefe unlawful marriages; 14 — 17.
(4) We have a lift of the guilty priefts; 18 — 22;
Levites; 23,24: and Ifraelites; 25 — 44: about
a hundred and thirteen in all.
"j^TOW, when Ezra a had prayed, and

when he had confeffed, weeping
himfelf down b before the

cafting

- 31. 12.
2 Chr. 20, 13;

d Neh. 13. 23. Cen;
O- 2. fcxod. va, 11
Deut. 7. 2, ;!
2 Cor. 6. 14.

houfe of God, there * affembled unto him Bef757c.hrift
out of Ifrael a very great congregation of riSr
1 V O O O ,rk.
men, and women, and children: for the
people wept very fore.
2 And Shechaniah the fon of Jehiel,
one of the fons of Elam, anfwered and
faid unto Ezra, d We have trefpafled
againft our God, and have taken ftrange
wives of the people of the land : yet now
e there is hope in Ifrael concerning this '^kSj^jj; £
thing. 3 Now therefore let us f make a cove
nant with our God to put away all the
wives, and fuch as are born of them, ac
cording to the counfel of my lord, and
of thofe that s tremble at the command
ment of our God : and let it be done
h according to the law.
4 * Arife ; for this matter belongeih
unto thee : we alfo will be with thee : be
of good courage, and do //.
5 Then arofe Ezra, and made the chief
priefts, the Levites, and all Ifrael, to
k fwear that they fhould do according to
this word. And they fware.
6 ^[ Then Ezra rofe up from before
the houfe of God, and went into ' the
chamber of Johanan the fon of m Eliafhib :
and, when he came thither, he n did eat
no bread, nor drink water : for he
mourned becaufe of the tranfgreffion of
them that had been carried away.
7 And they made proclamation through
out Judah and Jerufalem, unto all the
children ofthe captivity, that they fliould
gather themfelves together unto Jerufa
lem :
8 And ° that whofoever would not
come within three davs, according to the
counfel ofthe princes and the elders, all

flKin. 11. 17. Neh.
9- !»¦ Sc 13. 25-.
27. Jolh. 24. sj.
2 Chr. 1;. 12. fa
29. 10. Sc 34. ji.

gCh.9.4.ir.66.„

h Deut. 7. 3, Jolh.
23. 12. K8.ZO.
i Jolh. 7. 10. Set. 6.
9. IChr. 19. 13. Sc
28. 10. if. 15. 3,4,
Heb. 12. 12, 13. St
10. 24. I I'litl. {.
14.

kVer. 3. Neh. 5. lit
&9- 3».& 13.25.
Heb. 6. 16.

1 Neh. 13. 5, 7.
m Neh. 3. 1. & ij.
18, 23. & 13. 4,7,
28.
n Job 23. 12. 2 Sarji.
12. 16, Dan. ix. X.

0 Judg. 21. e. 1 Sam,
II. 7. ch.7. 26.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — It is vain to expect perfection
in the militant church. And the comforts of faints on earth are
quickly imbittered with a mixture of griefs. But how infatuated
are many profeffed Chriftians, who think of no fin, no danger, in
being unequally yoked with unbelievers ! A little fkin-deep beauty,
or a little earthly wealth or honour, is often preferred to the image
of Jefus Chrift ! And, when the moft ruinous fins become failiion-
able, few are affected with them. But to fuch as are Ifraelites
indeed the word of God appears awfully important. And that
which feems light or lawful to carnal profeffors lies heavy on
tender confciences. Thefe take grief and fhame to themfelves for

fuch as are hardened in their fins: and to join with fuch, in their
forrow and zeal, is both our duty and honour : for the moft fearful
aggravations appear attending our fins, and thofe of our land, when
we confider the matter as in the fight of God. It therefore be
comes us faithfully and humbly to repent of, and acknowledge,
our fins, over our great facrifice, our great propitiation; once
offered in the evening, the end of the world; — and, in the believ
ing view of God's new covenant relation and pardoning mercy,
to juftify him, and condemn ourfelves. But often-repeated pro
vocations weary out the patience of God. And hopelefs is their
cafe whom neither corrections humble nor mercies conftrain.

Strange wives are put away.

C H A P. X.

Lif of the guilty priefls, Levites, Jews.

his fubftance fhould be - ? forfeited, and

Before Chrift
457- ";~ — " ".— aa.wau. ui.r;iuiiuitu,
fHen.d^ted. l=v. himfelf i feparated from the congregation
27. 28. Jolh. 6. 19. f «.!,/" 1 1 1 1 ' OO
qExcommanicated. ot tfiof e that had been carried away.
{ft^Ut's, 9 ^F Then all' the men of ludah and
,j. Mat. ib. 17. t> • • 1 i , /- . J -i
.Benjamin gathered themfelvesrtogether
unto Jerufalem within three days. It
was the ninth month, and the twentieth
day of the month ; and all the people fat
rKii^.i s?„, in_ th? ^j-eej- of the h0ufe ofl God? r trem.
•Heb-ifeM""- bling becaufe of this matter, and for * the
great rain.
10 And Ezra the prieft ftood up, and
faid unto them, Ye have ., tranfgreffed,
s>ir^24chrSTs: and have taken ftrange wives, to s in-
" creafe the trefpafs of Ifrael.
1 1 Now therefore * make confeffion
unto the Lord God of your fathers, and
»Rer»..2.2,If... u fo J^. ^fa^ . ^ ,X feparate y0Ur.
*le™l&l%'ii felves from the people ofthe land and
-Tj.kn.11. from the ftrange wives. , v?
12 Then all the- congregation anfwered
and faid with a loud voice, As thou haft
yVz^r-f.tii, laid, 7 f0 muft we do.
2Ma,.7,,3.ver. . 1 3. But the people -are L many, and //
-1,8-44! . ... *s a time, of much rain, andrwe..,are not.
able to ftand without, .neither is this a
^l2dZh-ythfl. work of one day or two: t for" we are
many that have tranfgreffed in this

lj, 22. Mat. 23.32.
aTim. 3. 13.
t Jofh. 7. 19. Jer. 3
13. Prov. Z6. it.

a Deut. 17.9. & 16.
18, 19. 2 Chr. 19.5,.

thing.

^ST' our God * for

J Heb./ theft

; 14 Let now our a rulers of all the
congregation ftand, and let all them
who have taken ftrange wives in our
cities come at appointed times, and with
them the elders of every city, and the
judges thereof, until the fierce wrath of
this matter be turned
from us.
15 ^f Only- Jonathan the fon of Afahei
. Jwc^eoJ! and Jahaziah the fon of Tikvah - " were
employed about this matter: and Me
fhullam and Shabbethai the Levite helped
them. 16 And the' 'children of the captivity
did fo. And Ezra the prieft, with certain
chief of the fathers, after the houfe of
their fathers, and all of them by their
names, were feparated, and fat down in
the firft day of ther tenth month to exa
mine the matter.
1.7 And they made an end" with all the
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
457-

men that had taken ftrange wives by the
firft day of the firft month.
1 8 ^ And aniong the fons of the priefts
there b were found that had taken ftrange hCf^;^iM
wives: namely, of the fons of c Jefhua cch. 2.36. & 3.9.
the fon of Jozadak, and his brethren ;
Maafeiah, and Eliezer, and Jarib, and
Gedaliah. 19 And they d gave their hands that d ^r; *?; f*
they would put away their wives ; and,
being e guilty, they offered a ram of the e&6.46.3'&s'15'
flock for their trefpafs.
20 And of the fons of f Immer; Ha- (cfo.\c]lX\l:
nani, and Zebadiah.
21 And of the fons of « Harim ; Maa- %t.sdSiltif
feiah, and Elijah, and' Shemaiah, and
Jehiel, and Uzziah.
22 And of the fons of h Pafhur ; Elioe- h$?. % *;?f-7-
nai, Maafeiah, Ifhmael, Nethaneel, Jo- '_
zabad, and Elafah.,
23 Alfo of the -' Levites-; Jozabad, '' ^:%f^- 7-
and Shimei, and Kelaiah, (the fame is
Kelita,) Pethahiah, Judah, and Eliezer.
24 Of the fingers alfo ; Eliafhib: and
k of. the porters ; Shallum, and Telem, fc^- *•,+»¦ n<*.7.
and Uri.
25 Moreover, of Ifrael : of the fons of
'Parofti; Ramiah, andjeziah, and Mal- iCh'*'3'Net7-a
chiah, and Miamin, and Eleazar, and
Malchijah, and Benaiah.
26 And of the fons of m Elam; Mat- m f£- *•?• »*. »-
taniah, Zechariah, and Jehiel, and Abdi,
and Jeremoth, and Eliah.
27 And of the fons of "Zattu ; Elioe- "«•-•«• Net.. 7.
nai, Eliafhib, Mattaniah, and Jerernoth,
and Zabad, and Aziza.
28 Of the fons alfo of ° Bebai; Jeho- •£¦-»¦**¦'-
hanan, Hananiah, Zabbai, and Athlai.
29 And of the fons of PBani; Me-- p?5h.¦1•10'N;h•7•
fhullam, Malluch, and Adaiah, Jafhub, .- -.
and Sheal, and Ramoth.
30 And of the fons of 1 Pahath-moab ; q ^- "-' 3 Ncl\ •¦
Adna, and Chelal, Benaiah, Maafeiah,
Mattaniah, Bezaleel, and Binnui, and
Manaffeh. 31 And of the fons of r Harim ; Eli- ^J:!-^1''-1'
ezer, Ifhijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shi-
meon, .
32 Benjamin, Malluch, o^d-^shcmmah.
33 Of the fobs 6f's 'Haftuufr; Matte- ' £¦ - ^ *'¦ '¦
4T '"' "'''

Lif ofthe guilty priefs
nai, Mattathah, Zabad, Eliphelet, Jere-
mai, Manaffeh, and Shimei.
4 Of the fons of ' Bani ; Maadai,

EZRA.

Levites, and Jews*.

Before Chrift
457-

t Perhaps not ch. 2.
IO. ver 2;. 3
Amram, and Uel,

25 Benaiah, Bedeiah, Chelluh,
36 Vaniah, Meremoth, Eliafhib,
37 Mattaniah, Mattenai, andjaafau,
38 And Bani, and Binnui, Shimei,
39 And Shelemiah, and Nathan, and
Adaiah,

Machnadebai, Shafhai, Sharai,

Azareel, and Shelemiah, Shema-

Before Chrift
457-
* OrMahnadebai, ac-
cording to fora*
copies.

40
. 4I
riah, 42 Shallum, Amariah, and Jofeph.
43 Of the fons of u Nebo ; Jeiel, Mat- a%;»*>-^7.
tithiah, Zabad, Zebina, Jadau, and Joel,
Benaiah. 44 x All thefe had taken ftrange wives :
and fome of them had wives by whom
they had children.

xVer.13. Mat. 7,11.
Rev. ij. 3, proy<
9- 17, 18.

Reflections upon Chap. X. — Wherever fin is feen and
felt there is no ground for defpair: yea, there may be good
hope, through grace, where there is a burden of the moft aggra
vated guilt. In mournful circumftances, we ought to obferve
what makes for us as well as what makes againft us. And even
weaker faints may be inftructors to thofe who are far ftronger in
gifts and grace. Mourning and reforming finners ought to be
encouraged ; and leaders in church or ftate ought to be moft ac
tive in promoting reformation. Men's fins, with the aggravations
and danger of them, ought to be clofely laid home to their con
fciences. For none will part with them till they perceive that they
are undone if they perfevere therein. Great men ought to take
the good advice of their inferiors. Critical caufes ought to be

decided with great deliberation and caution. And reformations,
begun and carried on with much falling, prayer, and folemn cove
nanting with God, promife good fuccefs. When we truly return
to God he will return to us ; he will at laft pluck his people as
brands out of the burning. They, who have the caufe of God at
heart, fpare neither time nor pains to ferve it. But how fhame
ful is it to find priefts, whofe marriages were peculiarly reftficted
of God, ringleaders in unhallowed connections with heathen
women! ,and yet is it highly commendable in thenv.to prove at laft
patterns of repentance and reformation to others. Alas, that fo
few clergymen are difpofed to imitate their example; but rather
endeavouring by every poflible fhift to extenuate, excufe, or defend,
their own error and wickednefs !

The BOOK of NEHEMIAH
Was probably written hy himfelf. It commences twelve years after the diffolution of the unhallowed marriages ; and, including
at leaft twelve years of hiftorical account, reaches to' about the hundred and fourth after the return from Babylon. It repre-,
fents (1) Nehemiah' s deep concern for the deflations of Jerufalem, and the commiffion he obtained from king Artaxerxes to
rebuild the wall of it; i. ii. (2) His building of the wall, and dedicating it, notwithftanding great oppofition from the
heathens around; iii. iv. vi. and xii. 27 — 43. (3) His redreffmg the people's grievances, their debts and mortgages; v.
(4) His taking account of thofe who relumed from Babylon; vii. (5) His care to promote the folemn reading of the law,
fafling, and renovation of their covenant with God; viii — x. (6) His care to replenifh Jerufalem, and fettle the priefts,
.Levites, fingers, and porters, in their proper work ; xi. xii. (7) His care to check unhallowed marriages, procure the
Levites their provifion, and reftrain profanation of the fabbath; xiii.

EcSore Chrift
445-

CHAP. I.
Here we meet with Nehemiah at the Perfian court, and
find him ( I ) Inquiring into the ftate of the Jews
and Jerufalem ; and informed of their deplorable
fituation; I — 3. (2) Employed in folemn fafting
and prayer on their account; — confeffing his and
their iniquities; and pleading God's' relation,- pro
mife, and former kindnefs, in order to obtain help in
th is time of need; 4. — 1 1 .

T

¦^HE words of * Nehemiah the fon *%?" _
of Hachaliah. And it came to a a.. «. 1.
pafs, in b the month Chiileu, in b^ra 10. 9.2=*.
the c twentieth .year, as I was in Shufhan c or Artaxerxes.
' J ' - Ezr»7.7..ch.2. 1.
the palace,
2 That d Hanani one; of my brethren ach.?.*.
came, he and certain men ofjudah ; and etfd> „-,,,.«
I afked them c concerning the Jews that \%yhtz\?Z

-. «<

Nehemiah' s prayer for his country.

Before Chrift
445-

fEjrai. 1.&5.8.
8 If. 32. 10. Pf. 44.
11— 16.
BzKln. 25. 10. Jer.
J. ve. Sc 39- 8. Sc
52.13.

i 1 Sam. 4- 19. 22.
Zeph. 3. 18. Horn.
12. IJ. Pf. 69. 9.
;Lam. 2. 10. Ezra
Lv. Dan. ix.

kCh.4.lfI>eat. 7.
21. 1 Chr. 17. 21.
Pl.47.2.
IDm. 9. 4. Dent. 7.
0,12. I Kin. 8. 23.
gxod. 20. 6. ch. 9.
32. Pf. 89, 2, 28,
3li 34-
01 1 Kin. 8. 29. Pf.
34.15. & 130. 2. &
119. 132. ver. 11.

11 Pf 55. 17. Eph. 6.
18. Luke 18. 1—7.
• Lev. 26. 40,41. Jer.
J. 13. PI. ji. 4.

p Dan. 9. 4—16.
£2ra 9. 5 — 15.
o, iKin. 2. 3. Exod.
xx— xxiii. Lev.
i— xxvii. Num. v,
vi. viii. xv. xviii.
xix. xxviii. xxix,
xxxv. Deut. iv—
xxvii.
rPf.ii9.49.-&ioj. I. Jf.4j.26.

s Lev. 26. 14—39.
Deut. 4 25—31.
xxviii.xxx. xxxii.
2 Kin. 25. 11-
£2139.7. with If.
i— xii. xxii. xxiv
-^xXxv. xl— Ixvi.
Jer. u— -xix. xxx
—xxxiii. Ezek. ii
r^txiv. xxxiv.
xxxvi, xxxvii.
Amos ix. Joel iii.
Mic. i— vii. Zeph.
i-iii.

t Pf- 78. 68, 69. &
J32. IJ, 14. 2 Chr.
0. 6.

CHAP.
had efcaped, who were left of the capti
vity, and concerning Jerufalem.
3 And they faid unto me, The rem
nant that are left of the captivity there
in the f province are * in great affliction
and reproach : the wall of Jerufalem alfo
h is broken down, and the gates thereof
are burned with fire.
4 And it came to pafs, when I heard
thefe words, that I 'l fat down and wept,
and mourned certain days, and fafted, and
prayed before the God of heaven.
5 % And faid, I befeech thee, k O Lord
God of heaven, the great and terrible
God, ' that keepeth covenant and mercy
for them that love him and obferve his
commandments ;
6 Let m thine ear now be attentive, and
thine eyes open, that thou mayeft hear
the prayer of thy fervant, which I pray
before thee now, n day and night, for the
children of Ifrael thy fervants, and ° con
fefs the fins ofthe children of Ifrael, which
we have finned againft thee : both I and
my father's houfe have finned.
7 We p have dealt very corruptly againft
thee, and have not kept i the command
ments, nor the ftatutes, nor the judge
ments, which thou commandedft thy
fervant Mofes.
8 r Remember, I befeech thee, the
word that thou commandedft thy fervant
Mofes, faying, s If ye tranfgrefs, I will
fcatter you abroad among the nations :
9 But, if ye turn unto me, and keep
my commandments, and do them, though
there were of you caft out unto the utter
moft part of the heaven, yet will I gather
them from thence, and will bring them
unto the t place that I have chofen to fet
my name there.

I. II.

He obtains favour with Artaxerxes

Before Chritt
445-

u Exod, 19. c — 7. Sc
6. I. Sc 13. 9. &
14. 8. Sc 32. IT.
xDan. 9. 17. Pf. 41.
&5. 1.&17. i.&
130. 2. SC 102. 17.
& 119. 132.

y If. 26.8,9. Pf. 1 it}.
4. Herb. 13. 18.

a Gen. 43. 14. Ezra
7. 28.

1 o Now thefe are u thy fervants and
thy people, whom thou haft redeemed by
thy great power and by thy ftrong hand.
1 1 O Lord, x I befeech thee, let now
thine ear be attentive to the prayer of thy
fervant, and to the prayer of thy fervants,
who y defire to fear thy name: and
1 profper, I pray thee, thy fervant this ZJ_^"I-,."
day, and grant a him mercy in the fight
of this man. For I was the king's cup
bearer. CHAP- II.
Here Nehemiah receives the return of his prevalent
prayer, (i) By a forrowful countenance and hum
ble reprefentatian, he obtains from king Artaxerxes
a commiffion to build a wall about Jerufalem, and a
grant of what was neceffary for that purpofe; I — 8.
(a) By a fteady courage he damps the enemies who
ivould have obftruiled his journey, or laughed him out
of his undertaking; 9 — 11,19,20. (3) After fur-
veying the ruinous ftate of the wall, he, by a moving
remonftrancc, animates the Jews to affift him in re
building it; 12 — 18.

AND it came to pafs, in the * month *\™.ft
Nifan, in the b twentieth year

in
Artaxerxes the king, that wine was be
fore him ; and I *- took up the wine, and
gave it unto the king. Now I had not
been before-time fad in his prefence.
2 Wherefore the king faid unto me,
_ thou
elfe but for-
was very fore

1. Efth.
102. is.
r\f b Ch. 1. 1. Ezr»7. I,
J 7. i. c. of Artax
erxes' Long-hand,

Why is thy d countenance fad, feein
art not fick ? this is notl '
row of heart. Then I
afraid, 2 And faid unto the king, f Let the
king live for ever : why E fliould not my
countenance be fad, when the city, the
place of my fathers' fepulchres, lieth wafte,
and the gates thereof are confumed with
fire ?

c Ch. f. 11. Gen. 40.

d Gen. 4c. 7. Prov.
15. 13. Eccl. 7. c.

e Pf. 94. 18, 19. .1:
fil. 2. Sc 5;. 4, i.
A'l fad nefs wa,
reckoned a token
Of feme badilclign. . Dali.

f iKn. 1.
2.4.
g 1 Sam. 4. 20. 21,
PI. IJ7-5, 6.
iL'u. II. 2&, 29.

king

4 Then the
what doft thou
h prayed to the God of heaven

faid unto me, For
make requeft ? So I

hCh. I, 11. liarn.
1. 13. Ixod. 14.
15. PI. s-- 15-

Reflections upon Chap. I. — Sad defects ftill remain in the
militant church. But, whenever God has work to be done, he
can eafily find or qualify inftruments for it. Lively faints may
often be found where we could leaft expect them, — courts not
excepted. And no dignity or "diftance can make fuch an one care-
lefsof the honour or the church of God. The poverty or perfe
cution, which difcourages others, awakens his zeal and concern.
In feafons of public or private diftrefs, fafting and tears fhould
accompany our prayers. It is a great relief for a forrowful fpirit
to pour out its complaints into the bofom of a companionate God.

While we have a God in Chrift to go to, our cafe is never defpe
rate. And, if he pour out upon us his Spirit of grace and fupplica
tion, he will certainly hear us. Let us men, with holy and believing
awe of his greatnefs and grace, reft on the liability of his covenant.
And let candid confeflions of our fins and. unworthinefs attend
our fupplications for mercy. It is infinitely encouraging to us that
we have to deal with a God who is our own God ; a God who
has .done great things for us, and has pledged his promife to do.
more. Let us therefore put our own, and the hearts of all con
nected with the welfare of Zion, into his hand,
4T 2

Nehemiah comes to Jerufalem.

NEHEMIAH.

Surveys the fate -ofthe city.

Before Chrift
445-
i Ezra 5, 17. Efth. 1.
19. Sc j. 4, 8. &
8.3-

k Hag. 1. 4. ch. iii.

1 K^h. wife, perhaps
Either. Efth. 8. I.

niCh. 1. ii.ir.58.9.
&45.11. Pf.65.2,
& 18. 6. & 34. 4,5'
11 Ch. 5. 14. &13. 6.

o Ezra 6. 6. Scj.zs
ver. 9.

5 And I faid unto the king,

If it

p Temple. Ezra. 10.
6,9-
q Ch. iii.
1 Ch. j. 14—16. &
7.2.
s Ezra 7. 6, 22.
Prov. 3.6. & 21.
I, Mat. 7. 7> II.

t Eara 8. 22.

u Moahite. if. 15. 5.

x Prov. 30. 22.
y Prov. 27. 4. Acts
13. 45. Num. 22.
3, 4. Deut. 23. 3
4. Ezek. 25. 6, 8

% Ezra 8. 23.
a Pf. 119. 60. Prov,
10.4. Rom. 12. 11
Eccl. 9. 10.
k Mat. 10. 16. Eph
5. 15. Amos 6. 13
fccd. 3. 7.

pleafe the king, and if thy fervant have
found favour "in thy fight, that thou
wouldeft fend me unto Judah, unto the
city of my fathers' fepulchres, that I may
k build it.
6 And the king faid unto me, (the
1 queen alfo fitting by him,) For how
long fhall thy journey be ? and when wilt
thou return ? So m it pleafed the king to
fend me ; and I " fet him a time.
7 Moreover, I faid unto the king, If
it pleafe the king, let ° letters be given
me to the governors beyond the river,
that,, they may convey me over till I come
into Judah ;
'8 And a letter unto Afaph the keeper
of the king's foreft, that he may give me
timber to make beams for the gates of
,the palace which appertained to p the
houfe, and for the i wall of the city, and
for r the houfe that I fhall enter into. And
the king granted me, s according to the
good hand of my God upon me.
9 5F Then I came to the governors
beyond the river, and gave them the
king's letters. Now the king had fent
1 captains of the army and horfemen with
me. 10 When Sanballat the u Horonite, and
Tobiah xthe fervant the Ammonite, heard
of it, it y grieved them exceedingly that
; there was come a man to feek the welfare
of the children of Ifrael.
1 1 So I came to Jerufalem, and was
there * three days.
12 % And I a arofe in the night, land
fome few men with me; neither b told I
¦ any man what my God had put in my
heart to do at Jerufalem ; neither was
there any beaft with me, fave the beaft
that I rode upon.
13 And I went out by night by the

gate

Reflections upon Chap. II. — Strong grief can fcarcely be
concealed. And it becomes fuperiors or others to obferve the ap
pearances of diftrefs in thofe around them, and to fympathize with
them in it. _ Even Jefus marks his people's groans, and puts their
tears into his bottle. There is therefore no reafon- either for fear
or for fhame when forrow for fin, and for the affliction of God's
people, burden our heart and fadden our countenance. No'thing
is more comely than meek and humble anfwers, when given by

of the valley, even before the
dragon w-ell, and to the 4 dung port, and
viewted the Walls of Jerufalem, which
e were broken down, and the gates : thereof
were confumed with fire.
1 4 Then- 1' went on to -the f gate of the
fountain, and to the s king's pool : but
there was no place for the beaft that was
under me to pafs.1
' 15 Then Went I up in the night by
the h brook, and viewed' the wall, and
turned back, and entered by the gate of
the valley, and fo returned.
16 'And the rulers knew not whither
I went, or what I did ; neither had I as
yet told it to the Jews, nor to the priefts,
nor to the nobles, nor to the rulers, nor
to the reft that did the work.
1 7 % Then faid I unto them, k Ye fee
the diftrefs that we are in, how Jerufalem
lieth wafte,, .^and the gates thereof are
buf ned with fife : l come, and let us huild
up the wall of Jerufalem, that we he no
more ra a reproach.
18 Then I told them " ofthe hand of
my God, which was good upon me; as
alfo the king's words that he had fpoken
unto me. And they faid, Let us rife up
and build. So they ° ftrengthened their
hands for this good work.
1 9 But' when p Sanballat the Horonite,
and Tobiah the fervant the. Ammonite,
and Gefhem the Arabian, heard //, they
^ laughed us to fcorn, and defpifed Us,
and faid, What is this thing that ye do?
will ye r, rebel againft the king?
20 Then anfwered I them, and faid
unto them, The God of heaven, he will
s profper us-; therefore we his fervants
will arife arid build : but ye ' have no
portion, nor right, nor memorial, in Je
rufalem.

Seibre'Chritt_445.
c 2 Chr. 26. g. Jer,
31.40.
d Ch. 3. 13,
eCh. 1.3. Pr.70,,,
Jer..5.io.&39l8,
¦Sc 52. tl. ' •
f'Oh. 3.15. 2 Chr.
33. 14.
glf. 8.6. 2 Kin. if}.
17. &20. 20. •IT,
22.9,11,

h- Kidron. zSam. 15,
25. 2Kin. 2,3, 6,
John 18. j,

i Ver. 12. Mat. 10.
16. Eph. 5. if.
Amos s.-lJ.EccL
3-7.

k Lam. 3. 51. ch. t.
3. ver. 13. 2Kin.
25. 9, 10. 2 Chr.
-36. 19. -

Hf-3S-3,4--*-50.-4.- Heb.-12.-12, -13,
I Thef. 5. 14.
mCh.i. 3. Pf. 80.(5.
& 89. 41, 50, 51.
nVer.l— 9.PI.105.2,

oi Chr. 11. io. &
19. 13.

pVer. 10. ch.6. 1,6,

qjob 30: I.ff.if.
,13,14. Jeri 20.7J 8.
Heb. 11. 37. |,
r Ch. 6. 6. Ezra 4.
15, 19. Lukejj.2.
Acts 24. 5. ' -

s Pit 35. 27. & 122.
6. If. 41. 10—16.
I Chr. 22. 13, 16.
t Ezra 4. 3. Afls 8..
ZI. Rev. 21.27.

diftrefled minds to -great men. And pious ejaculations. to G&A
are proper to be intermingled with all our important dealings.
The prayer of faith is never in vain. God will afford us frienifcj
and heip'us where we fcarcely ever expected it. It is eafy with
him to render the greateft on earth friendly and helpful -to his
church in a time of need. Put every favour fhown to the fervants;
of God awakens the envy and rage of the wicked. They fo
heartily hate the caufe of God, that they are vexed exceedingly it

Recount ofthe builders

CHA P. III.

of the w 'all 'of Jerufalem.

Before Chrift
445-

a Ver. 20, ii. cVi*.
io,23.&i3-4i7i
28. as 2 Chr. 23.
1,2.
li John 5. 2. ch. 12.
49. Jer. 31. 38-
Zech. 14. 10.

cDeut. 20. 5. Pf. 30.
title. Prov. 3. 9.

* Heb. at his hand.
& E2ra 2. 34. ch. 7.
36. iKin. 16. 34.

e Ch. 12. 39. Zeph. J,
JO. 2Chr.33.i4.
fCh.6.i.&7. 1.
gE2ra8.33.ver.2r.

li2Sam.i4.2. 2Chr.
11. 6. Jer. 6. I.
Amos 1. 1.
j Me- 5- 9, 23-
iCor. 1.26.&2.S.

k Ch, 12. 39.

IJbfh.ix. &-18. 2J.
•26. 2 Chr. 16. 6..
Jer. 41. 1, 12.
pCh.2.8. &4. i(5.

CHAP. III.
Already Nehemiah and his ajfiflants apply themfelves to
their work, in rebuilding the wall. Here are
(i) The names of the 'builders recorded, for. their
honour and for the encouragement of others ; I — 32.
(2) The order in which the building was carried on,
viz. from the fheep gate on the fouth-eaft near to the
-temple, northward to the fifh gate; 1, 2: thence to
the old gate ; 3 — 5 : thence to the valley gate ; 6 — 1 2 :
thence to the dung gate; 13: thence to the fountain
gate; 14,15: thence to the water gate; 16 — 25":
thence to the houfe gate ; 28 : and thence to the Jheep
gate, where they had begun; 32.
THEN a Eliafhib the high prieft rofe
up with his brethren the priefts,
and they built b the fheep gate; they
fanctified it, and fet up the doors of it ;
eVen unto the tower of Meah they *- fanc
tified it, unto the tower of Hananeel.
2 And * next unto him builded the
d men of Jericho ; and next to them
builded Zaccur the fon of Imri.
2 But the e fifh gate did the fons of
Haffenaah build, who alfo laid the beams
thereof, and ffet up the doors thereof,
the locks thereof, and the bars thereof.
4 And next unto them repaired gMe-
remoth the fon of Urijah, the fon of Koz.
And next unto them repaired Mefhullam
the fon of Berechiah, the fon of Mefhe-
zabeel. And next unto them repaired
Zadok the fon of Baana.
-5 And next unto them the h Tekoites
repaired: but their nobles put 'not their
necks to the work of their Lord.
6 Moreover, the k old gate repaired
Jehoiada the fon of Pafeah, and Me
fhullam the fon of Befodaiah : they laid
fhe beams thereof, and fet up the doors
thereof, and the locks thereof, and the
bars thereof.
7 And next unto them repaired Mela-
tiah the Gibeonite, and Jadon the Me-
ronothite, the men of ' Gibeon, and of
Mizpah, unto the ra throne of the gover
nor on this fide the river.

any take it by the hand and zealbufly promote it; and are ready
to attack them with every arrow of envenomed malice, derifion,
#ider, and threatening. What ftrong faith in God, zeal for his
. j|bry, bold courage, and prudent difcretion, are then neceffary,
in-attempting any noted work for the Lord and his church. In
this manner we bid fair to animate even cowards and fluggards to

Before Chrift
445-

n Or ic'l Jerufalem
untitle bread wall,
2 Chr. 25. 23.

8 Next unto him repaired Uzziel the"
fon of Harhaiah, of the goldfmiths.
Next unto him alfo repaired Hananiah
the fon of one qf the apothecaries ; and
they "fortified Jerufalem unto the broad
wall. 9 And next unto them repaired Re-
phaiah the fon of Hur, the ruler of the
0 half part, of Jerufalem. ° Vel
10 And next unto them repaired Je-
daiah the fbn of Harumaph, even over
againft his houfe. And next unto him re
paired Hattufh the fon of Hafhabniah.
1 1 PMalchijah the fon of Harim, and f*
Hafliub tho fon of q Pahath-moab, re- 9. Ezra*. 6. as.*
paired the + other piece, and the tower of ^ZdllZ'.
the furnaces.
12 And next unto him repaired Shal
lum the fon of Halohefh, the ruler of
the half part of Jerufalem, he and r his
daughters. 12 The s valley gate repaired Hanun,
and the inhabitants of '-Zanoah ; "they
built it, and fet up the doors thereof,
the locks thereof, and the bars thereof,
and a thoufand cubits on the wall unto

10. 5. Ezra 2.

r Exod. 35. 25. Gal,
3. 28. Hlil.4. 3.

s Ch. 2. IJ.
t Jolh. 15. 34. Mic.
I. II.

dung gate.

u Ch. 2. 13.

the 14 But the dung gate repaired Mal
chiah the fon of Rechab, the ruler of part
of x Beth-haccerem : he built it, and fet
up the doors thereof, the locks thereof,
and the bars thereof.
15 But the 7 gate of the fountain re
paired Shallum the fon of Col-hozeh, the
ruler of part of l Mizpah : he built it, and zlf;^:\iS^: .
covered it, and fet up the doors thereof,
the locks thereof, and the bars thereof,
and the wall of a the pool of Siloah by
the king's garden, and unto the ftairs that
go down from the b city of David
1 6 After him repaired Nehemiah the
fbn-of Azbuk, the ruler of the half part
of c Beth-zur, unto the place over againft
the d fepulchres of David, and to

x Jer. 6. I.

y Ch. 2. 14. 2 Chr.
33. 14.

6 J Kin. 15. 22,
Jer. 40. 6.

a John 9. 7. If. 8.6.
Luke 13. 4.

b 2 Sam. 5. 7. 1 Chr.
11. 7. I Kin. n. 17,

cJoir!.i;.58.2Chr. u. 7.

tV\p d 2 Chr. 16. 14.
Afts 2. 29.

Join with us in it. Many will fecond the labours of one that is
zealous and arStive, who had no'courage to lead. Let us there
fore inftantly begin, as delays are dangerous; and let us carefully
obferve and acknowledge the kind interpofals of providence in all
that we meet with.

hifi ofthe builders ofthe wall.

NEHEMIAH. Sanballat, &c. rage againft the work.

Before Chi ift
445-
e zKin. 22. zo.
If. 12. II.
i Song 3. 7.

g Jsfli. 15. 44.
! Sam. 23. I,

fc Jofh. tS. 26. Jer.
40.6. zChr. 16.6.
ice on ver. 15.

% Or Zaccai.
J Rom. n. II. EcU
9. 10.
ktChr. 16. 9.

i Var. 4.
xn Ezra 2. 61.
ch. 7. 6>

tsCh.6.2.&u.28

© » Kin. 7. 1. ch.Tl
39. Jer. _z- 2. &
39- '5*

p Jofh. 9. n* »7>
1 Chr. 9. 2. Ezra
2-43-
q Or the tower.
1 Chr. 27- 5-&J?
35. ver. 27.
rCh. 8. 1.8c 12.37
5 See ver. 5.

e pool that was made, and unto the f houfe
of the mighty.
17 After him repaired the Levites,
Rehum the fon of Bani. Next unto him
repaired Hafhabiah, the ruler of the half
part of £ Keilah, in his part.
1 8 After him repaired their brethren,
Bavai the fon of Henadad, the ruler of
the half part of Keilah.
1 9 And next to him repaired Ezer the
fon of Jefhua, the ruler of h Mizpah,
another piece over againft the going up
to the armoury at the turning ofthe wall.
20 After him Baruch the fon of + Zab-
bai * earneftly repaired the other piece,
from the k turning of the wall unto the
door of the houfe of Eliafhib the high
prieft. 2 1 After him repaired l Meremoth the
fon of Urijah, the fon of raKoz, another
piece, from the door of the houfe of
Eliafhib, even to the end of the houfe of
Eliafhib. 22 And after him repaired the priefts,
the men of n the plain.
23 After him repaired Benjamin and
Hafhub, over againft their houfe. After
him repaired Azariah the fon of Maafeiah,
the fon of Ananiah, by his houfe.
24 After him repaired Binnui the fon
of Henadad, another piece, from the
houfe of Azariah unto the turning of the
wall, even unto the corner.
25 Palal the fon of Uzai, over againft
the turning of the wall, and the tower
which lieth out from ° the king's high
houfe, that was by the court of the pri
fon. After him Pedaiah the fon of Parofh.
26 Moreover, the p Nethinims dwelt
hi * Ophel, unto the place over againft
the r water gate toward the eaft, and the
tower that lieth out.
27 After them the s Tekoites repaired

Reflections upon Chap. III. — It is a hopeful appearance
when minifters are moft forward in every good word and work ;
and when they undertake and go through their work with much
folemn prayer and dependance on God. And it is very encou
raging when multitudes of all ranks, tradefmen, ladies, nobles, and
commons, unanimoufly concur in promoting the work of the
Lord in an orderly manner. But how honourable is it if, like the
nen of Jericho, Gibeon, Mizpah, Zanoah, ajid the commons of

another piece, over 'againft the great Eer™^ift
tower that lieth out, even unto the wall
of Ophel.
28 From above the * horfe gate re- il£a-"-:fi-
paired the priefts, every one over againft
his houfe.
29 After them repaired Zadok the fon
of Immer, over againft his houfe. After
him repaired alfo Shemaiah the fon of
Shechaniah, the keeper of the u eaft gate. »J«-«9--
30 After him repaired Hananiah the
fon of Shelemiah, and Hanun the fixth
fon of Zalaph, another-piece. After him
repaired x Mefhullam the fon of Bere- *v«-
chiah, over againft his chamber.
31 After him repaired Malchiah the
goldfmith's fon, unto the place of the
Nethinims and of the merchants, over
againft the gate Miphkad, and to the
II going up of the corner. lornr*-!****.
32 And between the going up of the
corner unto the ? fheep gate repaired the y John V- -' ™ '"¦
goldfmiths and the merchants.

CHAP.

IV.

Reprefents the oppofition made to their building the wait,
and how it was withftood, ( I ) Their heathen neigh
bours ridiculed their work: but their ficoffs had no
other anfwer than Nehemiah' s fervent prayer to
God, and the people's going on brifkly with it; I — 6.
(2) While fome Jews were difpirited, thefe heathens
formed a plot to murder the builders, and to flop
their work by force; 7, 8, IO — 12. But, by Nehe
miah' s prayers, Jetting of guards, arming and en
couraging the builders to fight, if needful, this defign
was fruftrated, and the building went forward;
9, 13—23.
BUT it came to pafs that, when
Sanballat heard that we builded the
wall, he a was wroth, and took great aAasy.V*
indignation, and mocked the Jews.
2 And he fpake before his brethren
and the army of Samaria, and faid, What h\t°";ZscS™:
do thefe b feeble Jews ? will they * fortify 4eb*Le,.
themfelves ? will they facrifice ? will they ""m>"""
, .. , J . -HI . J C ft. it. (s. SCVCS..
make an end in a day: will they c revive ^Vm"^.-3'1'

Tekoah, we prefer the public interefts to our own private con
cerns ! or if, like the Tekoites and Merimoth, we help our bre
thren after finifhing, our own fhare ! When the work is the Lord's
we cannot be too zealoufly affecTed ; and every perfon, if.he.be
but hearty, may do fomething in it. None are ib little, as to be
ufelefs ; and none are fo high as to be above it. And it is highly
difgraceful, even for the greateft, to fhift or neglect what God calls
them to do in his church.

*fhe builders encouraged.

CHAP. IV-

'their perfeverance in their work.

Before Chrift
'445-

i Lam. S- 18. Mat.
8. 20. Pf. 63. IC.
Judg. IJ.4.
tPf.I23.2,3-&44- ,3, 14. Ptov. 18.
3, 6. Sc 27. 3,4.
tHeb. deffite.

lH.m9.H-l*. Jer. 18. 23- Sc 16.
19. Pf. 50. 21. Sc
co.8. Prov.-J. 3J¦
•&l3.2I.&5.lI,

«lf. 36. Hi l»

hPf- HO.1. 2 Chr.
29. 36. ch. 6. 15.

ICh. 2. to, 19- Ezra
4, 4—16. & 5- 6—
17-

X Heb. aftended.
It Gen. 3. it. Pf. 2.
1— 4. 2Chr. 20. I.
Mailc 5. 9. Acts 5.
17.&7.54.& 13.
4$. ver. 1 — 3. ch.
1. 10, 19.

I Pf. 50. IJ. Mat 26.
41. Eph. 6. 18.
lake 18. 1. 1 Pet.
5.8.

ID Num. 13. 31. Sc
ji. 9. Jer. 9. 3.
MIC, 7. I,

nPf. 56. 6. Prov.
1. 16. Sc a. 16.

• Mic. 7. 2, 5.1 Cor,
11.26.
P Often. Gen. 31, 7.
t Or That from all
placet ye ma/ return
to ut.

»Pf.H2.5.Mat.io. • 16. If. 28. 29.
*fy&fimtk.Jmer tarn tf the place,
Sec.
t Ver. 17, 18. Eph.
• b. lo—jo, Song 3.
7i».

the ftones out of the heaps of the rubbifh
which are burned ?
_ 3 Now Tobiah the Ammonite was by
him, and he faid, Even that which they
build, if a d fox go up, he fhall even
break down their ftone wall.
4 Hear, O our God, e for we are
+ defpifed ; and turn their reproach upon
their own head, and give them for a
prey in the land of captivity:
5 And f cover not their iniquity, and
let not their fin be blotted out from
before thee; for they have provoked thee
to anger s before the builders.
6 So built we the wall; and all the
Wall was joined together unto the half
thereof: for the h people had a mind to
work. 7 % But it came to pafs ' that, when
Sanballat, and Tobiah, and the Ara
bians, and the Ammonites, and the Afh-
dodites, heard that the walls of Jerufalem
? were made up, and that the breaches
began to be flopped, then they were k very
wroth, 8 And confpired all of them together
to come and to fight againft Jerufalem,
and to hinder it.
9 Neverthelefs, we ' made our .prayer
unto our God, and fet a watch againft
them day and night, becaufe of them.
10 And Judah faid, mThe ftrength of
the bearers of burdens is decayed, and
there is much rubbifh ; fo that we are not
able to build the wall.
1 1 And our adverfaries faid, n They
fhall not know, neither fee, till we come
in the midft among them, and flay them,
and caufe the work, to ceafe.
1 2 And it came to pafs that, when the
0 Jews who dwelt by them came, they
faid unto us p ten times, H From all places
whence ye fhall return unto us they will
be upon you.
\2 % Therefore q fet I in * the lower
places behind the wall, and son the higher
places, I even fet the people after their
families with r their fwords, their fpears,
and their bows.
14 And I looked, and rofe up, and

faid unto the nobles,
ers, and to the reft of
not ye afraid of them
Lord, who is

great

and to the
the people,
1 remember
and terrible,

rul-
5 Be
the
and

Before Chrill
445-
s Num. 14. 9. Dent.
L21.lf.41. 14,16.
t Pf. 20. 7. Exod, sc.
3. II. 52. 12.
u 2 Sam. 10, 12. Pf.
III. 8.

X Job t. 12— iS.
Pf. 33- 9-

u fight for your brethren, your fons, and
your daughters, your wives, and your
houfes. 15 And it came to pafs, when our
enemies heard that it was known unto
us, and God x had brought their coun
fel to nought, that we returned all
of us to the wall, every one unto his
work. 16 And it came to pafs, from that
time forth, that the half of my fervants
y wrought in the work, and the other half y9.'i™: £"«?"'*
of them held both the fpears, the fhields,
and" the bows, and the habergeons ; and
the rulers were behind all the houfe of
1 Judah. z Ver. ir.
1 7 They who builded on the wall, and
they that bare burdens, with thofe that
laded, every one a with one of his hands

a J Cor. 16. 13- Eph,
1 6. 10-^20. Dan. 9.

13.1
. Dai
25. Acte 14. zz.j

wrought in the work, and with the other
handheld a weapon.
18 For the builders every one had
his fword girded + by his fide, and fo-fliti-",h'"yn!-
builded : and he that founded the trum
pet was by me.
19 And I faid unto the nobles, and to
the rulers, and to the reft of the people,
The work is great and large, and we are
feparated upon the. wall one far from an
other. 20 In what place therefore ye hear
the found of the trumpet, refort ye
thither unto us : b our God fhall
for us.
2 1 So we c laboured in the work :
half of them held the fpears, from
rifing of the morning till the
peared. 22 Likewife at the fame time faid I
unto the people, Let every one with his. ,
fervant lodge within Jerufalem,. that in
the. night they may be a guard to us,
and labour on the day.
23 So neither d I, nor my brethren,
nor my fervants, nor the men of the
guard who followed me, none of us put

fiaht 6 Exod. 14. J4, 2;.
jlgllL Deist. 1. 31. Rom.
8. 31. If. 41.14—
16.
•jnrl c iCor. 15. 10, c8.
dllu Gal. 6. 9. Mat.

the
ftars ap-

rlcb. 5. 16. Mat, ll.
28, 29.

The Jews opprefs one another.

NEHEMIAH.

Nehemialfs care to reform, this.

Before ' 445

s!"ift off our clothes, 'faving that every one

«-Or, every one went
with his vjeai"jni
• i'os water. Jung. <.

a Job 24. 12. If. 5.7
Jam. 5. 4.

put them off for wafhing.
C HAP. V.
Nehemiah has no lefs hard work to redrefs grievances
at home, and to keep the Jew's from deftroying one
another. Here ( I ) The poor grievoufiy complain of
the great hardjhips put upon, them bf their rich bre
thren, from whom they had been obliged to borrow ;
1 — 5. (2) After labouring to convince and reform
. the oppreffors, Nehemiah orders a forbearance of
ufury, and a reftitution of the poor's property; and
folemnly engages the rich, under an awful curfe, to
perform it; 6 — 13. (3) He, as governor, en
forces, by his own example, the greateft compaffion
and tendernefs ; 14—19.
AND" there was a a great cry of the
people and of their wives againft.
b^35°De'ut.^. their b brethren the Jews :
jToiin'itv.' 2 For there were that faid, We, our
fons, and our daughters, are many ;
*^cen.'47:Hi9?'1' therefore we c take up corn for them, that
we may eat, and live.
3 Some alfo there were that faid, We
have mortgaged our lands, vineyards,
and houfes, that we might buy corn,
dMli'.3'.?'-?iwjerh d becaufe of the dearth.
14. 1-6. job 2. 4- , ^ T? here were alfo that faid, We have
borrowed money for the king's tribute,
and that upon our lands and vineyards.
ewe1iaa7iT7s.aif. 5 Yet now our c flefh is as the flefh of
58.7. .sor.6.8. Qur £,r€thren, our children as their chil-
fJi8.i"'s.4'withMLteV. 4ren : and,, lo, f we bring into- bondage
our fons and our daughters, to be ferv
ants, and fome of our daughters are
brought into bondage already ; neither is
it in our power to redeem them; for other
men have our lands and vineyards.
6 ^[-And I. was gvery angry when I
heard their cry and thefe words.

7 Then * I confulted .with my felf, and, Bef0^5.hrift
I h rebuked the nobles and the rulers, and «-He-r>,/sMrl[-
faid unto them, 4Ye exad ufury every hL^'iToai*.
And kI fet a great H' itW '*¦"»*
0 i Exod. 22. 25. Lev.
23- 35—37- Deut.
23- 19, 20. Pf. 15,

one of his brother
affembly againft them

-gExod. ti.8. Bc%%,
19. Mark 3, 5.
Eph.. 4. 26. ,

8 And I faid unto 'them, We, after \fst^hi%
our ability, have -1 redeemed our bre- ^,7-&"-«-
it 1 r 11 1 klT»n-S ao.Prai-.
thren the Jews, who were fold unto the fJi^^'i-
heathen ; and will ye even fell your bre- n»,' 25. 47-49!' ¦
thren? or fliall they be. fold unto us?
Then m held they their peace, and found m,Ma,9.^:m>
. . r J x Luke, 14. 6.
nothing to anfwer.
9 Alfo I faid, »'It is not good that. ye "M#g£
do : ought ye not to walk in the ° fear of 0^£*
our God becaufe ? of the reproach of the ^X^.U't. '
l.i 5 7- Heh. 12. 18,
heathen our enemies r _
pRom.2. 24. 2Sam.
10 q I likewife, and. my brethren, and ;aG|'»:
my fervants, might exacf of them money u.Rom.13.7.
and' corn: I pray- you, r let, us leave off ' J%£ffi&&.
this ufury. Mr25'
1 1 s Reftore, I. pray you, to them,, even st±if^
this day, their lands, their vineyards, ^a^IiS
their olive yards, and their houfes, alfo
the hundredth part of the money, and of
the corn, the wine, and the oil, that ye
exact of them. .
1 2 Then faid they, . We will reftore
them, and c will require nothing of them ; tinkers.
fo will we do as thou fayeft. Then I called
th£ priefts, and "took an, oath of them, u ^iJfe^t
thit- they fhould. do according to this lh?\if£?i\%!'
• r & 16.
promife. 13 Alfo I x fhook my dap, and faid,, So %TsfA:t
God y fhake out every man from his houfe. \™flf^f
and from his labour, that performeth not
this promife ; even thus be he fhaken out,
and 1" emptied. And: all the congregation t"eb'"wrW'
Sc o O z Deut. 27. 19—27-
faid, * Amen, and. praifed the Lord. ?6u™6?-"-,ctr'

Reflections upon Chap. IV. — God's faithful builders are
fure to have a fhare of the world's ridicule and contempt; and one
wicked man encourages- another. - But, though fcofFers make their
bands ftrong, God will fhortly cover them with fhame and con
fufion. Let faints then, never difcompoie their fouls on account
ofthe moft bitter 05 infolent contempt: God obferves it, and will
quickly refent it. 'Bit/them in patience poffefs their fouls, com
mit their way to God^'and go. on more brifkly with their Chrif
tian work. God's blefling will more than compenfate men's re-
vilings. And much may be done in a little time if all be hearty
m 1"ldinS their affiftance. What a pity then is it that the people
of God fhould fcarcely ever be as harmonious and active in the
Lord's work as the wicked are in their oppofition to it! Nay, his
more active fervants have often as much trouble with the fears of

their friends as with the terrors, of their enemies. And falfe friends
are more dangerous than open enemies. But, be the, plots of ene
mies ever fo well laid, or ever fo fecret, God can difcover or defeat
them. Let then his infinite, power and unbounded goodnefs' en
courage us to go on with our work, notwithftanding all the craft
and malice of our adverfaries. In all pur fpiritual. work,' all. our
attempts of reformation,, let us put on' the whole armour of God,_
and watch and pray, that we enter not into temptation. Let us,
in our refpeclive ftations, unanittioufly unite with heart and hand
againft the common enemy; and Count neither eafe nor life dear
unto us, that we may finifh our courfe with joy. Religioj^ bids,
fair to profper when the profeffors thereof make earneft werk. of
it, and endure hardfhip as good foldiers of Jefus Chrift.

yiany attempts to murder

CHAP. V. VI.

Nehemiah are fruftrated.

ilBor. 9. A, 15.
few. 13- 0,7.

"t^.1"1" _ And fhe people- did » according to this
tW.eo. 14. & 119.- promife. 14 ^[Moreover, from the time that I
was appointed to be their governor in the
iw^hss- _an__ 0f judah t, from the twentieth year
even unto the two and thirtieth year of
Artaxerxes the king, that is, twelve years,
I and my brethren have not eaten the
b bread of the governor.
1 5 But the former governors that had
been before me were chargeable unto the
people, and had taken of them bread and
wine, befide forty fhekels of filver ; yea,
even their fervants bare rule over the
TdSt**1' PeoPle : but fo did not h c becaufe ofthe
¦£A_S3«. ^ar of God.
<.car^.28.cai. l6 Yea, alfo I d continued in the work
,'_£„ iCor of this wall, neither e bought we any
land : and all my fervants were gathered
thither unto the work.
1 7 Moreover, there were f at my table
an hundred and fifty of the Jews and
rulers, befide thofe that came unto us
from among the heathen that are about us.
1 8 Now that g which was preparedyijr
me daily was one ox and fix choice fheep ;
alfo fowls were prepared for me ; and once
in ten days ftore of all forts of wine : yet
for all this required not I the bread of
the governor, becaufe the bondage was
heavy upon this people.
1 9 h Think upon me, my God, for
J?:Si.'6C9."s' g°°d> according to all that I have done
for this people.
CHAP. VI.
Still the building of the wall goes on, notwithftanding
manifold plots to flop it. ( I ) tWJjen the heathens

Before Chrift
445-

a Ch 1. 10, rQ. Sc 4,
l. ver, z, 6, 12, 14.

9. 4, IJ.

fRam. 12. 13. 1 Pet.
4.9.11.32.8.

J 1 Kin. 4.22,23.

Ifa.ij.i4,j2,3», Pf. 18. 20, 24. &

court Nehemiah to an interview, in order to murder
him, he declines it ; I< — 4. (z) When they pretend
that his defigns were reprefented as treafonable, he
contradicts and difiregards their infinuations ; 5 — 9\
(3) When they hire falfe prophets to decoy him into
the temple for his fafety, he refufes to acl with fuch
cowardice; 10 — 14. (4) Notwithftanding their
keeping up a treacherous correfpondence with feme
fjews, the wall is happily finifhed in fifty-two days;
15—19. O W it came to pafs, when a San
ballat, and Tobiah, and Gefhem
the Arabian, and the reft of our enemies,
heard that I had builded the wall, and
that there was no b breach left therein ; bCM-<fe
(though at that time 1 c had not fet up ' ch. 3- V6.
the doors upon the gates ;)
2 That Sanballat and Gefhem fent .
unto me, faying, Come, let us d meet ^"^^Sct
together in fome one of the villages in the 4'4'
e plain of Ono. But f they thought to do e \l &
me mifchief. , "" " ,
. fPf. 12, 2. M1C.7. 4.
3 And I sfent meffengers unto them, f£,r„4,A,i"k-
%ing, I am doing; a great work, fo that % Mat- io -'t- F""r-
O ' OO *4- 15- tpn. 5. ij.
I cannot come down: why fhould the Pfm>
work ceafe whilft I leave it and come
down to you ?
4 Yet they fent unto me h four times h 1*0^16. &r.
after this fort ; and I anfwered them ^»- IZ- * '
after the fame manner.
5 ^[ Then fent Sanballat his fervant
unto me in . like manner the fifth time,
with an open letter in his hand ;
6 Wherein. w<w written, * It is reported iJJ™°-**
among the heathen, and kGafhmu faith koeihem.ver.i,««
O ch. z. 19.
//, that thou and the Jews think to ' rebel : 1 a,. 2. ,9. Ezra 4.
for which caufe thou buildeft the wall, aI>5 aVs-^-i
that thou mayeft be their king, according
to thefe words

e iChr. 8. 12. ch. 3.
" 12 28. &
II. 35.

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Hard times and hard hearts,
when met together, render the poor miferable indeed. And it is
cmel to take advantage of our brethren's diftrefs, and to make
™lr yoke heavier by ufurious exa£fions. Alas ! how we bring
hardthip and famine on ourfelves by our fins, and then complain
of it! Thofe, who have great families and little fubftance, muft
'earn to live by faith on God's promife and providence. And
thofe, who have fmall families and much fubftance, fhould make
weir abundance a fupply for their neighbours' wants ; for often poor
"Oufekeepers are in much greater ftraits than the moft wretched
Vagrants. But what a fcandal to our holy religion is a worldly-
minded and niggardly profeffor! And deliberate and aggravated
is that theft which lies in retaining that which we have unjuftly
gotten. There can be no uprightnefs towards God without reffi-
fution to the oppreffed. It is proper that rulers fhew themfelves
"•gjV at what is finful, that their fubjeas may be deterred from it

\sr\^

and excited to duty. " But reproofs ought to be given with great
confideration and temper, left otherwife they fail of their end.
And warm and rough, though not furious, meafures are to be
taken with hardened and prefumptuous tranfgreffors. It is highly
criminal to expofe the people of God, and interefts of religion, to
the reproach of their enemies. And the ftrongeft bonds are neceflary
to reftrain worldlings from their covetous courfes. But how fcan
dalous is it for magiftrates to enrich themfelves, or indulge their
fervant?, to the public hurt! Thofe, whether magiftrates or other?,
in whofe heart the fear and love of God remarkably reign, will
difcover it by the exemplarinefs of their lives. In times of public
diftrefs they will even remit what is their unqucftionable due.
But infallible are the gracious rewards of fincere piety and difm-
terefted benevolence from God, even when men overlook it.
And it is pleafant to have them as a mark of our new covenant
relation to God.
4 U

'treachery of fome

NEHEMIAH.

Jewifh nobles.-

Before Chrift
445-

7 And thou haft alfo appointed pro
phets to preach of thee at Jerufalem, fay
ing, There is a king in Judah l and now
fhall it be reported to the king according
to thefe words. Come now therefore, and
raiir.0&^fIs9.Aas let us mtake counfel together.
\\f^fS\l'.t & Then I fent unto him, faying, There
&S7-6.&3S-7- are no fucn things done as thou fayeft,
"I'/ira.'ia'3' but thou n feisrneft them out of thine own
heart. 9 For they all made us ° afraid, faying,
Their "hands fhall be weakened from the
work, that it be not done. Now there
fore, p 0 God, ftrengthen my hands.
io ^[ Afterward I came unto the houfe
4ver.j2.Mat.715. of 1 Shemaiah the fon of Delaiah, the fon
of Mehetabeel, who was fhut up; and he
' KT37l6,2?3r& fei^ r Let us meet together in the houfe
sc'ti^llfeeVt. of God, within the temple, and let us
7> 8. 19. n . . i 1 /• . , . 1 r . 1

Before ChriS
445-

ft.

cPf. 55.3-5. & 56.
3. z Tim. 1. 7,
ver. 14.

p Deut. 3$. 25. Pf.
138. 3. Zech. 10.
12. Phil. 4. 13.

and the reft of the prophets, that would
have put me in fear. ~ ~
15 % So the wall was a finifhed iri the •^•.SJ'Jg
twenty and- fifth day of the month Elul,
in fifty and two days.,
1 6 And it came to pafs that, when all
our enemies heard thereof, and all the
heathen that were about us faw thefe
things, they were bmuch caft down in bE/^2?t,T:
their own eyes ; for they perceived that ^'Xf
this work was wrought of our God.
1 7 \ Moreover, in thofe days the

.Afts

S-M-

crleo.muHiplitdihtir

hiah. Mic. 7.4 — 6,
Lain. 1, 2. Jer. a.
2-6. *

sProv. 28,
IVI
16. 13
zi. 14,

1 1 Cor. 2. 15. Ezek
J3- iz.

yea, in the night

fhut the doors of the temple : for they
will come to flay thee
c8or,£ts.& will they come to flay thee
" 11 And I faid, Should. -fuch a man
as I flee ? and who is there that, being as
I am, would go into the temple to fave
his life ? I will not go in.
12 And, lo, I ' perceived that God had
not fent him ; but that he pronounced
this^ prophecy againft me : for Tobiah
and Sanballat had hired him.
13 Therefore was he hired, that I
fhould u be afraid, and do fo, and fin,
,.ecci. and that % they might have matter for an
" evil report, that they might reproach
me. 1 4 y My God, think thou upon Tobiah
Si^&iVii and Sanballat accordiiML. to thefe their
Rel.'». 20. 2Pet. Works, and on the z pfljm

u iTim. 1. 7. Prov
29. 25.. ver. 9.
I Prov. M.
7. 1. Jer. 18. 18. &
ao. 10.
yCh. 73.29. &4- 4,
5. PI. 140. 8— 11.
x Ezek. xiii. If. 56.
io— ii. Jer. 6. rj.

ietefs Noadiah,

nobles of Judah c fent many letters unto
Tobiah ; and the letters of Tobiah came
unto them.
1 8 For there were many in Judah fworn
unto him, becaufe he was the fon-in-law
of Shechaniah the fon of d Arah; and his '*»-»•*'¦»
fon Johanan had taken the daughter of ea-1'4' lt
e Mefhullam the fon of Berechiah.
19 Alfo they reported his good deeds
before me, and uttered my * words to *®r «""•"•
him: and Tobiah fent f letters to put me "-.ie,,,*-,
in fear.
CHAP. VIL
Here (i) Nehemiah, having finijhed the waU of Je
rufalem, and appointed the Levites their regular
order of attendance at the temple, appoints right offi
cers, and iffues wife orders, for guarding the city,
whofe inhabitants were but few; 1 — 4. (2) In
order to repeople the city, by making the tenth man to
live in it, he reviews and records a regifter of -thofe
who had aStually returned from Babylon ; 5 — 73.
OW it came to pafs, when the "wall a„\'-,-*-&
was built, and I had fet up the
doors, and the porters, and the fingers,
and the Levites, b were appointed, vet. 12.27.
» 2 That I gave my brother c Hanani cch. 1.2.
and Hananiah the ruler of the d palace i £nT&Tft

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — O the infernal fubtlety and
reftleflhefs of Satan and his agents; and the need of heavenly
wifdom and fteady circumfpection for refilling all their enfnaring
and repeated felicitations \ But bufinefs of confequence ought
always to be preferred to matters of civility and compliment. It
is common for the church's enemies to pretend friendfhip in
order to ruin her; and no lefs fo to reprefent her faithful minifters
and members as traitors to government. But no lies, or malevo
lent reports, fliould weaken our hands from the work of God.
They who have almighty power engaged for them may look up to
God and be comforted. He will uphold them; and, the more
the enemies rage; the more fh:41 Jehovah's ftrength be perfected
in our weaknefs. Yea, they fhall fee to their grief that he cares
for his people, and that when he works none can hinder it. How
ever great the oppofition, arid weak the inftruments, he can fpee

dily effect his work. And much good may be done in a fhort
time if people are hearty in it, and have a good God and a pious
man at the head of it. But a moft dangeroi-s plague are pre
tended and unfaithful minifters, treacherous magiftrates, and vil
lanous profeffors. The treachery of pretended friends is more to
be feared than the malice of open enemies. And happy are thofe
who, directed and encouraged of God, efcape being- enfnared in
their nets. But for this we muft walk circumfpedtly, and try the
fpirits ; and be ready to rifle every danger, rather than injure the
caufe of God, or even bring a reproach on our holy character or
office. God marks the iniquities of his enemies, and will turn
their deep-laid fchemes againft his people to their own confufion,
Nor fliall thofe, who have enfnared themfelves by finful connec-.
tion?, or who aflift them iii-their purpofes, long efcape the judg
ment, which lirigereth not.

Safety of Jerufalem is provided for.

CHAP. VII.

Regifter of returning captives.

Before Chrift
445-
eCh. 13. 13- J Cor.
4.2.
f Ch. 5. «- Exod. 18.
ji. 1 Kin. 18. 3.
Rom. 15. 14- Phil.
j. 14. Eph. 4. 13.
.Witlich. 13. 19.
Pi. 127. I. Sc 112.
5. Prov. 11, te.
Mat. io. 16. Eph.
5. 1;, 16. 1C0..
ii. ic

TsUeh.brocidin faces.
Ch. xi.

ill. 58.12. Heb. 4. 1.
kProv. 3- 6. 2 Cor.
3. 5. P„ 32. 8.

°*AsrhisdnTersfrom thatinEzraii. the
one might contain
the number en-
rolledfor the jour
ney, and the other
thofe that actually
returned.
3 Ezra 2. I, &c.
Of Judea.

un Ezra 1. z. Hag. 2.
23. 1 Chr. 3. 17, 19.
ji Zech. 3. 1.
• Or Seraiah, Reela.
¦iab. hzu 2. 2.

:» Ezra 2. 3. & 8. 3.
Alo. 25. ch.1c.14.

<lEzTa2.4.&8. 8.
» Ezra 2. 6. ch, 6: 18.

itznz.e. Sei. a. Sc
10. 30. ck. 10. 14.

* Ezra 2,7. &8. 7.
#10. 26. ch. 10.14.
»-fcM-ai.8.&io.27.
*Ezraz. 9.0)1.3.20.

yOtSani. Ezra 2,
¦J- Sc 10. ao, 34,
«- 10. IA, "

charge over Jerufalem: (for he was a
e faithful man, and f feared God above
many:) 2 And I faid unto them, & Let not the
gates of Jerufalem be opened until the
fun be hot ; and, while they ftand by,
let them fnut the doors, and bar them:
and appoint watches of the inhabitants of
Jerufalem, every one in his watch, and
every one to be over againft his houfe.
4 "Now the city was h large and great:
but the people were few therein, and the
houfes were ' not builded.
5 % And my God k put into mine heart
to gather together the nobles, and the
rulers, and the people, that they might
be reckoned by genealogy. And I found
a "regifter of the genealogy of them who
came up at the firft, and found written
there rein,
6 l Thefe are the children of the pro
vince, that went up out of the captivity
of thofe that had been carried away, whom
Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had
carried away, and came again to Jeru
falem and to Judah, every one unto his
city; 7 Who came with m Zerubbabel : " Je
fhua, Nehemiah, ° Azariah, Raamiah,
Nahamani, Mordecai, Bilflian, Mifpe-
reth, Bigvai, Nehum, Baanah. The
number, I fay, of the men of the people
of Ifrael was this ;
8 The children p of Parofh, two thou
fand an hundred feventy and two.
9 The children of q Shephatiah, three
hundred feventy and two.
10 The children of r Arah, fix hun
dred fifty and two.
11 The children of sPahath-moab,
of the children of Jefhua and Joab, two
thoufand and eight hundred and eighteen.
12 The children of 'Elam, a thoufand
two hundred fifty and four.
13 The children of u Zattu, eight hun
dred forty and five.
1 4 The children of x Zaccai, feven
hundred and threefcore.
15 The children of * Binnui, fix hun
dred forty and eight.

Before Chrift
445-
zEziaz. ii.&S.n.
& ij. 28.
a Ezra 2. 12. &8.IZ.

' 16 The children of z Bebai, fix hun
dred twenty and eight".
1 7 The children of a Azgad, two thou
fand three hundred twenty and two.
18 The children of b Adonikam, fix bEzr"-,3-fi;8'3-
hundred threefcore and feven.
19 The children of c Bigvai, two thou- cE""-i4--&8.i4.
fand threefcore and feven.
20 The children of d Adin, fix hun- dEzraz''*-&8-6'
dred fifty and five.
21 The children of eAter of Hezekiah, eE?ra2-«5-<*-i°.
ninety and eight.
22 The children of f Tlafhmn, three f £;"¦»»¦»«*
hundred twenty and eight.
23 The children of gBezai, three hun- be™ 2.17.
dred. twenty and four.
24 The children of hHariph, an hun- h °r /»"*• E™ *•
dred and twelve.
25 The children of ' Gibeon, ninety
and five.
26 The men of k Beth-lehem and Ne-
tophah, an hundred- fourfcore and eight.
27 The men of l Anathoth, an hun
dred twenty and eight.
28 The men of mBeth-azmaveth, forty ^atr'zT'*'
and two.
29 The men of "Kirjath-jearim, Che
phirah, and Beeroth, feven hundred forty
and three.
30 The men of ° Ramah and Gaba,
fix hundred twenty and one.
3 1 The men of p Michmas, an hun
dred and twenty and two.
32 The men of 1 Beth-el and Ai,
hundred twenty and three.
22 The men of the other rNebo, fifty rhzpr*N-01?-chp£
and two. j_to
34 The chn^hi of the other sElam,
a thoufand two hundred fifty and four.
35 The children of ' Harim, three
hundred and twenty.
36 The children of " Jericho, three uEj^,,.^6,
hundred forty and five.
37 The children of x Lod
Ono, feven hundred twenty and one
,38 The children of ? Senaah, three yEzrai>31-
thoufand nine hundred and thirty.
39 % The priefts : the children of
1 Jedaiah, of the houfe of Jefhua, nine z1chr.s4.7-.EM,
hundred feventy and three.
4U2

i Or Gibbar. Ezra
z. 20. Jofh. 9. 3.

k Ezra 2.21. Mat. z»
1,6. Gen, 35. 19.

1 Ezra a. 22. Jofh.
2.1. 18. Jer. 1. i.
li. 10. 30.

n Or Kirjath-arinu
Ezra 2. 25. jofli.
9- 17- & 15.60, Sc
18. 25,26. 1 Sam.
7. 1, 2.

o Ezra 2. 26. Jofh,
18. 24, 25.

p Ezra a. 27. 1 Sam.
13. 2. If. 10. 18.

^H q Ezra 2. 28. Jofh,

32. If. io. 32.
5 See ver. 12. Ezra
a. 31.

t Ezra a. 32. & 10.
31-

Hadid, and *%£.$¦&?-

1 Chr. 8. 12.

Regifer of returning captives.

NEHEMIAH.

Returned captives* ablations.

Before Chrift
445-
a Ezra a. 37. Sc 10',
20. 1 Chr. 24. T4.
b Ezra z. 38. Sc 10.

C Ezra 2. 39. & 10.
ZI. 1 Chr. 24. S.

_ Ezra 2.40. ch. 11,
Z5— 18. & 12.8,27-

e Or Hodaviah, Ezra
a. 40. or ;, t.'^a,';,
Ezra 3. g.
f Ezra 2. 41. 1 Chr.
• 25. 2. ch. 12. 8, 9,
24, 28, 29. & 11.
17*
g Ezra 2. 42. 1 Chr.
xxvi.ch. 12. 25. Sc
31. 19. iChr. g.
14, 17.

hEzra a. 43—54.
1 Chr. 9. z.Jofh. 9.
23. 27. Lev. 27. 2

i Or SiaiEjA Ezra 2.
44-

k Or Shamlfii. "Ezra
2. 46.

1 tV'Kif ni. Ezra
a. 50.

in Bazluth. Ezra a.
4»-

ii Ezra a. 55—57.
jrKin. 9. 2.1.
ck. ji. 3.

"40 The children of aImmer, a thou
fand fifty and two.
41 The children of b Pafhur, a thou
fand two hundred forty and feven.
42 The children of c Harim, a thou
fand and feventeen.
43 % d The Levites : the children of
Jefhua, of Kadmiel, and of the children
of eHodevah, Seventy and four.
44 \ The fingers : the f children of
Afaph, an hundred forty and eight.
45 f The g porters : the children ;of
Shallum, the children of Ater, the chil
dren of Talmon, the children of Akkub,
the children of Hatha, the children of
Shobai, an hundred thirty and eight.
46 \\ The h Nethinims : the children
of Ziha, the children of Hafhupha, the
children of Tabbaoth,
47 The children of Keros, the children
of 1 Sia, the children of Padon,
48 The children of Lebanah, the chil
dren of Hagaba, the children of k Shal-
mai, 49 The children Of Hanan, the chil
dren of Giddel, the children of Gahar,
50 The children of Reaiah, the chil
dren of Rezin, the children of Nekoda,
5 1 The children of Gazzam, the chil
dren of Uzza, the children of Phafeah,
52 The children of Befai, the children
of Meunim, the children of l Nephifhe-
fim, 53 The children of Bakbuk, the chil
dren of Hakupha, the Children of Har-
hur, 54 The children of "Jjfclith, the chil
dren of Mehida, the chS^n of Harfha,
55 The children of Batkos, the chil
dren of Sifera, the children of Tamah,
56 The children of Neziah, the chil
dren Of Hatipha.
5 j ^f The n children of Solomon's fer
vants : the children of Sotai, the chil
dren of Sophereth, the children of Pe-
rida, 58 The children of Jaala, the children
of Darkon, the children of Giddel,
59 The children of Shephatiah, the
children of Hattil, the children of Po-

Before Chrift
443-
QOtJrni, Ezra 2, 57.
p Ezra 2. 58. ch, II,
3. ver. 57.

chereth > of Zebaim, - the children of
p Amon, 60 p All the Nethinims, and the chil
dren of Solomon's fervants, -were three
hundred ninety and two.
6 1 f ' And thefe were they who went up. » Em '•¦»*»
alfo fromTel-melah,Telharefha, Cherub,
Addon, and Immer; but they could not
fhew their father's houfe, nor their ""' feed, * or Mr*
whether they were of Ifrael.
62 The children of Delaiah, the chil
dren of Tobiah, the children of Nekoda,*
fix hundred forty and two.
63 f And r of the priefts: the chil- '*"•*«*-*•
dren of Habaiah, the children of Koz, the
children of Barzillai, which took one of
of s Barzillai the
to wife,
64 Thefe fought their regifter among
thofe that were reckoned by genealogy,
but it was not found : therefore were
they, as polluted, put from the prieft
hood. 65 And * the Tirfhatha faid unto them
that they fhould not eat of the moft holy
things till there ftood up a prieft with

the daughters of s Barzillai the Gileadite "/Ia™^*'*
and was called after their name.

t Or the g'.\trvM«
Ch. 8. 9. Sc ia. u
Ezra a. 63.

Urim and Thummim.

x whole congregation toge-

uExod.atf. 30. Nun.
" a7. 21. & 7. 89. *
John 1. 4, 9. Cob
i. 3.

66 f The
ther was forty and two thoufand three xEztr^ iSr^:.
hundred and threefcore, je^j.TI?^
67 Befide their y man fervants and their :yici4.i,-&si*
/ Jer. 27. 7.
maid fervants, of whom there were feven
thoufand three hundred thirty and feven :
and they had two hundred forty and five
finging men and finging women.
68 Their horfes, feven hundred thirty
and fix ; their mules, two hundred forty
and five ;
6q Their camels, four hundred thirty
and five ; fix thoufand feven hundred and
twenty affes.
70 * f And t fome * of the chief of 'MS*
the fathers gave unto the work. The
b Tirfhatha gave to the treafure a thoufand
drams of gold, fifty bafons, five hundred
and thirty priefts' garments.
7 1 And fome of the chief of the fathers
* gave to the treafure of the work twenty *3i_SM;
thoufand drams of gold and two thou- iS^00
fand and two hundred pound of filver.

Ezra Z. 68— 70.
t Heb. j>«rf.
a 1 Chr. 29. 3> 6, 0.
2 Cor. 8. 3, 12, CC

7-o-
b Nah. io. I.

Captives' oblations and affembling.

CHAP. VIII.

fi%ra reads the law pubhcly>

Before Chrift
445-
¦ Job 34- 19- Ro™.
2. ll. Gal. 3. 28.
Col. 3, 11. I Per.
<, 17. rnm.5.17.

i Ezra s. 70. ch. 8.
g. Sc ni. xii. Zech.
I. 11, 16. II. 12.
1-6.
e Lev. 23. 24—42,
Jctiill. Mix.

72 And that which ?.the reft of the
people gave was twenty thoufand drams
of gold, and two thoufand pound of filver,
and threefcore and feven priefts' garments.
7 2 So the priefts, and the Levites, and
the porters, and the fingers, and fome of
the people, and the Nethinims, and all
Ifrael, d dwelt in their cities ; and, when
the e feventh month came, the children of
Ifrael were in their cities.
CHAP. VIII.
Here, (i) Encouraged by Nehemiah, and the other
Ifraelites, who had affembled at Jerufalem to keep the
feaft of trumpets, Ezra, affifted by twenty-fix other
priefts, reads and explains Mofes' law to them ; and
they offer folemn thankfgiving to God; I — 8.
(2) Encouraged by Nehemiah, and deeply affecl ed
with what they had heard, the people fpend the reft
ofthe day in holy joy and mutual benevolence ; 9 — 12.
(3) Reading, on the fecond day, the law which ap
pointed. the obfervance of the feaft of tabernacles, all
the Jews were fummoned to keep it fifteen days after,'
which they did; 13 — 18.
AND all a the people gathered them
felves together as one man into
bet. 3. 26. ver. 16. the ftreet that was before b the water
gate ; and they fpake unto Ezra the
c fcribe to bring the d book of the law of
Mofes, which the Lord had commanded
to Ifrael.
2 And Ezra the prieft e brought the
law before the congregation, both of
f men and women, and all * that could
hear with underftanding, upon the s firft
day of the feventh month.
3 And he h read therein before the ftreet
that was before the water gate + from
the morning until midday, before the
men and the women, and thofe that could
underftand ; and the * ears of all the
people were attentive unto the book of
the law.
4 And Ezra the fcribe ftood upon a
+ pulpit of wood, which they had made
for the purpofe ; and k befide him ftood

444-
1 Ezra 3. 1. Judg,
Id. I.

c Ezra 7. 6. Mat. 23.
2,34-
i2Chr.34.15. Mal.
4. 4. Dent. 31. 11
-13.
eDeut. ji. 11— 13.
If, 8. 20.

flFel, 3,7. Gal. 3.
* Heh. that under-
flood in hearing.
£Lev. 23.24. Num.
29. 1—6. I Kin.
8?2.
h Acts 13. 15,27. Sc
IS- 21.
1Tie\s,fromtheHght.

i?f.8i.i3.&85.8. Luke 19. 48. Afls
16. 14, If, 55. 3,

?Heb. tower of wood.
* Gal. z. 9. Phil. 1.

Be.'ore Chrift
444.

mjurlg, 3.20. iKin.
8. 14.
the n J Chr. 29. 20. &
16. 36- PI. 41. 13,
cc 72. 19.
o Lam. 3. 41. Gen.
14. 22. Pf. 28. 2.
ScSj^.tlc 134.2.
I Tim. 2.8.
p Gen. 24. 26. Exod..
4. 31. 2 Chr. 29.
;-¦ & 20. „. Sc

Mattithiah, and Shema, and Anaiah, and
Urijah, and Hilkiah, and Maafeiah, on
his right hand ; and on his left hand, Pe
daiah, and Mifhael, and Malchiah, and
Haflium, and Hafhbadana, Zechariah,
and Mefhullam.
5 And Ezra 'opened the book in the n-uke*-.
II fight of all the people; (for he was above "Heb-«"-
all the people ;) and when he opened it
all the people m ftood up :
6 And Ezra n blefled the Lord
great God. And all the people anfwered,
Amen, annen, with ° lifting up their
hands : and they p bowed their heads, and
worfhipped the Lord with their faces to
the ground.
7 Alfo Jefhua, and Bani, and Shere-
biah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Ho-
dijah, Maafeiah, Kelita, Azariah, Joza
bad, Hanan, Pelaiah, and the Levites,
caufed the people to underftand the law :.
and the people ftood in their place.
8 So they read in the book in the law
of God 1 diftinclly, and gave the fenfe, ^uk.Vft.u^zX
and caufed them to underftand the read- llloJah^ll'.
ing. 9 ^[ And Nehemiah, who is r the
Tirfhatha, and Ezra the prieft the fcribe,
and the Levites that taught the people,
faid unto all the people, This day is
s holy unto the Lord your God ; ' mourn
not, nor weep. For all the people u wept
when they heard the words of the law.
10 Then he faid unto them, Go your
way, eat the fat, and drink the fweet,
and x fend portions unto them for whom
nothing is njgpared; for this day is holy
unto our LoiSpneither be you forry; for
y the joy of the Lord is your ftrength.
1 1 So the Levites ftilled all the people,
faying, z Hold your peace, for the day is
holy ; neither a be ye grieved.
1 2 And all the people went their way

r Or the governor.
Ch. 10. T.&7. 65,
70. Ezra 2. 63.

Lev. 2J. 24. Dent.
16. 10, 11, 14, ij.
11. 12. 1—6.
Eccl. 3. 4. with
If. 22, 12, 13.
1 2Kin. 22. II, 10.
If. 66. 2. Afls 2.
37. Hab. 3. 16.

: Efth. 9 22. Deut.
s6. 11, 14. Jam. z.
15,16. 1 John 3.17.

r PrOV, 17. 22. Pf.'
119. 32. Lul:e 1.
74, 75. Pf. l^S. s.
¦¦ If. 22. 4. Exod. 14.
I-t-
1 Deut. 16. 10, ir,
14, 15.R0111. 5. 2,

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — The worfhip and fervice of
God ought always to be preferred to our civil concerns, however
important : and with great care ought princes and other rulers to
make choice of their deputies : if poflible, they fhould fix upon
fuch as are faithful and eminently fear God. Happy, even
amidft dangers, are the cities and nations which have fuch to rule
and protect them. Great caution is neceflary, for our own and
the church's fafety, when we have traitors amongft and within us ;

and every man's family ought to be his immediate concern. He
has need to watch over them night and day, that he may preferve
them from the deftroyer. Important records fhould be preferved,
as they may be of ufe afterwards. .But wo to thofe, who, having
given their names to the Lord, afterwards look back and return
to the world; though God will compenfate the lofs of them to
his church in the acceffion of others.

Feaft of tabernacles

NEHEMIAH.

folemnly obferved.

Beforechrin to eat^ ^ t0 drink, and to fend portions,
 '  and to make great mirth, becaufe they
had underftood the words that were de
clared unto them.
13 % And on the feco'nd day were ga
thered together the chief of the fathers of
all the people, the priefts, and the Levites,
6?^SsASunto Ezra the fcribe, even b to under-
i3!;52-iPet.4-"- ftand the words of the law.
14 And they found written, in the law
tHeb.?n(/«w./. which the Lord had commanded "I" by
Mofes, that the children of Ifrael fhould
c DlutVi^f'41' dwell in c booths in the feaft ofthe feventh
month ;
. Lev. 43. 4- Num. 1 e And that they fhould d publifh and
10. 10. Pi. 81. 3- -i . . .,,/.. 1 • T
Deut. 16. 16. proclaim in all their cities, and in Jeru
falem, faying, Go forth unto the mount,
e j£&55^&'.' and fetch e olive branches, and pine
branches, and myrtle branches, and palm
branches, and branches of thick trees, to
make booths, as it is written.
16 % So the people went forth, and
brought them, andmade themfelves booths,
fDeut.22.8.2Sam. everv orie f Up0n the roof of his houfe,
E2Chr.2o.s. & and in their courts, and in sthe courts of
hch.3.26.&ii.37. the houfe of God, and in the h ftreet of
the water gate, and in the ftreet of the
1 «'V-!H& * gate of EPhraim- v
*tyftrK 1 7 And all the congregation of them
that were come again out of the captivity
kiohiM.14.Heb. mac]e booths, and fat lc under the booths:
for fince the days of Jefhua the fon of
Nun unto that day had not the children
'^UeerraS; of Ifrael done ' fo. And there was m very
great gladnefs.
1 8 Alfo day by day, from the firft day
unto the laft day, he n re^^in the book

and devotion.
"Ver. 18.

¦1 j Chr. 29. iz.
a Chr. 7. 16. &30.
2.1, 23. Ezra 3. 4.
1 Deut. 31. ig— ij.

-e^Lii cWRtro

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — NcM8Krong walls, but
knowledge of, and obedience to, God, are the great fafety of
cities and nations. Nothing is more neceiTary, for the eftablifh-
inent or prefervation of true religion, than a diligent ftudy and
thorough acquaintance with the word of God. Men, women,
and children, ought to vie with each other in their ftudy and
knowledge of it. And it is a great pleafure to faithful preachers to
have hearers who hunger and thirft after it. Not only ought God's
word to be read, but alfo explained, and enforced on the confeience,
And folemn prayers and praifes fliould be joined with every public
religious inftruction. Sermons bid fair for fuccefs when the
hearers are folemnly attentive. Nor will thofe, who relifh the
word of God, ever think the time long which is fpent in hearing.
Short fermons, and foon wearied hearers, are fad tokens of cold
and carelefs hearts. O what a happy prefage it is when God's
law cuts men's confciences to the quick, and makes them weep

of the law of God. And they kept the B^c44c.hrift
feaft feven days ; and on the eighth day „ Lev. zi. l4-+r
was " a folemn affembly, according unto Nuro' n' u_jSl
the manner. CHAP. IX.
No doubt the faft of univerfal expiation had been ob
ferved on the tenth of this month : but, before they
part, they keep another occafional faft. Here is an
account of ( I ) The manner in which it was obferv
ed; 1 — 3. (2) The perfons who led the public
devotions; 4, 5. (3) The principal heads of the
prayers on that occafion ; comprehending, * A folemn
addrejs to God ; 5, 6 : * Thankful acknowledgments
of his mercies towards their nation for almoft fifteen
hundred years : 3 Penitent confejfions of their own
and their fathers' fins : * Lamentations over God's
righteous judgments : s Earneft petitions for pity and
relief; 7 — 37. (4) Their folemn covenanting with
God, in order to Jhew their gratitude for his mercies,
and prevent like fins and like judgments for the
future ; 38.
NOW, in the twenty and fourth day
of a this month, the children ofaCh-8-2-
Ifrael were affembled with b falling, and b ?{£££.£¦ K
with fackcloths and c earth upon them. T*lZ.[T&.'%.
2 And the feed of Ifrael d feparated CJ4°*- f^l*™;
themfelves from all * ftrangers ; and ftood d Ezra 10. ,-,2.
and c confetfed their fins, and the iniqui- Ic^l-'i-n-li'
ties of their fathers. - *?£.'"" ***
2 And they ftood up in their place, e ^-^H"-
and f read in the book of the law of the §£££8:
Lord their God one fourth part of the «6.£VjtS.i.*
day; and another fourth part they con- '^lijil; De"t"
feffed, and + worfhipped the Lord their tBy »«,-,* an*
God. "^
4 % Then ftood up upon the * ftairs, *%&? -
of the Levites, Jefhua, and Bani, Kad
miel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani,
and Chenani, and h cried with a loud ^$n^f '•
voice unto the Lord their God.

Afls 7. 60.

from the heart. Penitent mourning makes way for fpiritual
mirth. — They who fow in tears fliall reap in joy. And it is the
pleafanteft part of a minifter's work to comfort, with the gofpel of
Chrift, thofe that mourn. For the gofpel explained and believed,
and the confolations of Chrift experienced, effectually rejoice the
heart, and qualify for the performance of duty or refiftance of
enemies. And a fenfe of God's redeeming kindnefs powerfully
inftigates to charitable benevolence. But how often the inftitu
tions of God's word are unknown to the moft of profeflbrs !
What a multitude of things will diligent fearchers of the fcriptures
find there, which they had forgotten, or had never duly confidered j
It will convince them of many negligences and ignorances. Well
fpent are thofe hours which are occupied in earneft converfing
with God by his word. And happy is the effect when- fuch
as have accefs to it fpeedily and cheerfully practife whatever they
find therein commanded.

Solemn faft obferved by

CHAP. IX.

the returned Jeivs.

Before Chrift
444-

{ I Kin. 8. 14, 22.
2Chr. 20. 5, 13.

'$

Ji Pf. 103. 1, 2, 22
Jl8. 1—4. & 13,
,. & 107,
115. I.
J I Chr. 20. 13. ASs
7. 2, Pf. cxiv — cl.
mlf,42.8.& 43. 10.
&44.6.PI.S3.18.
it Gen. i. ii. Exod.
w.n.Pf. 33-6. &
ISt). 5—9- CoL J-
16. Rev. 4. II.
Dcnu 10. 14.
aKin.17.16. Pf.
148. 1— 14.
« Heb. 1.3. John 5.
17. Col. 1. 17.

pGen. 11. 31. Sc 12.
1. Deut. 7.6, 7. Sc
10. 15. Jofh. 24. 2.
Cen. 17. 5.

. Gen. 12. 7. Sc 15.
18. & 17. 7, 8. Sc
22. 16-18. Pf.
lOj. 8—12.

rNnm. xxxii. Jofli.
vi— xxi. &23- 14.
s Num. 23. 19.
2Tim,2.l3. 1 Tit.
1. 2. Heb. 6. 18.
& 10. 23. Norn.
23. 19.
tExod. 3. 7. & 2. 25.
& 14. 10—31. Ii.
63*7 — 9. A£ts 7.
19.34-
11 Exed. vii — ix. x.
xii. xiv. Dent. II.
fc4.Pf.78. 43— 53-
Sc tec. z-j — 37.-A:
' 136. 10—13. Jer,
32.20—22.
X Exod. 18. 11. & I.
• »-.& 5- h 7i 8-
Job 40. 12.
y Exod. 9. 16. Rom.
9. 17. Pf. 83. 18.
» Exod. 14. 21—28.
Sc 15.19,21. Exod.
15. 10. If. 63. 11,
12.Pf.66.6.&74. 13—15. Sc 77. 14
-20.&78. 13. &
106. 8,9. & 114.
3, 5. & 36, 13— 15.

a Exod. 13. 21,22. &
40. 36, 37. Num.
5. 15-23. pi. 78.
14. 6c 105. 39. If.
48. 21. Sc 63. 12,
13-

b Exod. xix. xx-—
xxxi. Lev.-i—
xxvii. Deut. iv —
lx. Ezek 20. ii,
. Pi'- 147. 19, 28.
' Afls 7. 38.
«Heb. lavs; of truth.
Pi. 19. 8—10. Sc
exlx. Rom. 7. 12,

5 Then the Levites, Jefhua, and Kad
miel, Bani, Hafhabniah, Sherebiah, Ho-
dijah, - Shebaniah, and Pethahiah, faid,
1 Stand up and w blefs the Lord your God
for ever and ever ; and blefled be thy
1 glorious name, which is exalted above
all bleffing and praife.
6 Thou, even thou m art Lord alone ;
n thou haft made heaven, the heaven
of heavens, with all their hoft, the earth,
and all things that are therein, the feas,
and all that is therein, and thou ° pre-
ferveft them all ; and the hoft of heaven
worfhippeth thee.
7 Thou art the Lord the God, who
didft choofe p Abram, and broughteft him
forth out of Ur of the Chaldees, and
gaveft him the name of Abraham.;
8 And foundeft his heart' i faithful
before thee, and madeft a covenant with
him to give the land of the Canaanites,
the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Pe-
rizzites, and the Jebufites, and the Gir-
gafliites, to give it, I fay, to his feed,
and rhaft performed thy words; for thou
art s righteous :
9 'And didft fee the affliction of our
fathers in Egypt, and heardeft their cry
by the Red fea :
10 And " fhewedft figns and wonders
upon Pharaoh, and on all his fervants,
and on all the people of his land : for
thou kneweft that they dealt x proudly
againft them. So didft thou ? get thee a
name, as it is this day.
1 1 z And thou didft divide the fea be
fore them, fo that they went through the
midft of the fea on the dry land ; and
their perfecutors thou threweft into the
deeps, as a ftone into the mighty waters.
1 2 Moreover, thou a leddeft them in
the day by a cloudy pillar, and in the
night by a pillar of fire, to give them
light in the way wherein they fliould go.
1 3 bThou cameft down alfo u pon mount
Sinai, and fpakeft with them from
heaven, and gaveft them right judgments,
and c true laws, good ftatutes and com
mandments :
14 And madeft known unto them thy
6

Before Chrift
444.

nm xxvm.xxix.
e Excd. 16. 14, 15.
Deut. 8.3. pr.78.
24, 25. Sc 105. 40,
41.

17. 6. r,
Sec. 1 (

d holy fabbath, and commandedft them
precepts, ftatutes, and laws, by the hand di*od. id 23.4-20.
r a it- r 1 r 8— 11. & 31.14—
of Mofes thy fervant : ^
15 And e gaveft them bread from hea
ven for their hunger, and f broughteft
forth water for them out of the rock for
their thirft, and promiiedft them that they
fliould g go in fo poflefs the land f which
thou hadft fworn to give them.
16 But they and our fathers h dealt t?_^,™S',5™
proudly, and hardened their necks, and
hearkened not to thy commandments,
1 7 And i refufed to obey ; neither were
mindful fifcthy wonders that thou didft
among them ; but hardened their necks ;
and in their rebellion appointed a captain
to return to their bondage : but thou art
wa God ready to pardon, gracious and
merciful, flow to anger, and of
kindnefs, and ' forfookeft them not.
1 8 Yea, m when they had made them
a molten calf, and faid, This is thy god
that brought thee up out of Egypt, and
had wrought great provocations;

great

20. 9.
10. 3, 4.
; Exod. 23. 23, 3,1.
&3.1. 11,24.
Deut. 1. 8. Heb.
6. 17.

h Pf. 106. 6, 7, 13,
Excd. 32. 9.
2 Kin. 17. 14.
IPf'.Io6. 7.13. Exod,
15. 21. & 16. 2, 3.
& 17. 2. Sc xxxii.
Num. xi. xiv.

k Heb. a God ef pen
dens. Num.14. 18,
19. Exod. 34 6,7,
Mic. 7. 18.
I I Kin. 6. 13. &8.
57. Pf. 94.14. Hof.
9. 12.
m Exod. 32. I — 6.
Deut. 10. 12, l.i.
PI. 106. 19, 20.
Ezek. 50. 6 — 24.
Afts 7. 40, 41.

10

,- n

Yet thou in thy manifold
cies forfookeft them not in the wilder
nefs : ° the pillar of the cloud departed

11 Ezek. 20. 9,14, 22.
mer- Pf- l°6- 8. ver. 17.

not from them by day, to lead them in
the way ; neither the pillar of fire by
night, to fhew them light, and the way
wherein they fhould go.
20 Thou gaveft alfo thy p good Spirit
to inftruct them, and q withheldeft not
thy manna from their mouth, and gaveft
them water for their thirft.
21 Yea, forty, years didft thou fuftain
them in the wildernefs, fo that they
r lacked nothing"! their clothes waxed not
old, and theilWet fwelled not.
22 Moreover, thou 5 gaveft them king
doms and nations, and didft divide them
into corners : fo they poffeffed the land
of Sihon, and the land of the king of
Hefhbon, and the land of Og king of
Bafhan. 23 Their children alfo ' multipliedft
thou as the ftars of heaven, and u broughteft u ?..-*
them into

oExod. IJ.22. &40.
38. Num. 14. 14.
I Cor. ic. 1.
ver. iz.

p Num. it. if— 2.7.
If. 63. ik Pf.i4j.
10.
qExod. 16. 15.&17.
6. Jofh. 5. iz. FI.
78. 16, zo, 14, 25.
Sc 105.40, 41.
ver. 15,.

r Deut. 2. 7. &8. 4.
&20,. 5-Pf. 34.1a.
Luke zz. 35.
s Pf. 4-4. 2, 3. & 66.
IZ.&7«. 54,55. SC
68. 12. Sc 105. 44.
& 135. 10 — 12. &
j\6. 17—21. jofh.
vi — xxi. Num. zi.
2T — 35. Deut. z.
_6— J6. & 3. 1—
17. Afts 7. 45,

t Num. xxvi. GcR.
15. 5. &zz. 17.
u Pf. 4j. 2, 3. Jofh.
xxi.

the land, concerning which

x Gen. 12. 7. Sc tj,
15, 17. Sc 15. 18.
thou hadft x promifed to their fathers &IE?i-_*"&
that they Ihould go ia to poflefs //.

Solemn acknowledgment of mercies, NEHEMIAH.
24 So the children went in and poffeffed

and confeffion of iniquity.

Before Chrift
444-.

y Ver. 22. Num. 21
zi— 35. jjfh. vi—
xii.

the land ; and thou y fubduedft before
them the inhabitants of the land, the
Canaanites, and gaveft them into their
hands, with their kings, and the people
of the land, that they might do with
them as they would.
25 And they took ' ftrong cities, and
a fat land, and poffeffed houfes full of
all goods, + wells digged, vineyards, and
olive yards, and fruit trees in abundance :
fo they did eat," and were filled, and be
came fat, and delighted themfelves in thy
great goodnefs. 4fe
26 Neverthelefs, they a were difobe-
dient, and rebelled againft thee, and b caft
thy law behind their backs, and c flew
thy prophets, who teftified againft them
l*zni°itz?. to tuni them to thee, and they wrought
great provocations.
27 Therefore thou d deliveredft them
Itlxiff into the hand of their enemies, who vexed
them : and in the time of their trouble,
when they cried unto thee, thou heardeft
them from heaven ; and, according to
thy manifold mercies, thou gaveft them
e faviours, who faved them out of the
hand of their enemies.
28 But, after they had f reft, they
s did evil again before thee : therefore
lefteft thou them in the hand of their
*!^'2.2ik,5i7.& enemies, fo that they had the dominion
over them: yet, when they returned,
and cried unto thee, thou heardeft them
from heaven ; and
thou deliver them
mercies ;
29 And ; teftifiedft againft them,
thou k mighteft bring tT"fJTm again
thy law : yet they dealt- proudly,

* Num.T3. 28. Deut.
%. 5. & 8. 7 — 10.
& 6. 10, 11. & 9.
1. & II. Cj — 12.
Exod. 3. 8. Deut.
32. 13.
% Or cijtemi.

a Pf. 78. 56—58. Sc
»o6. 34—43- ...
Ezek. xvi. xxni.
Judg. i — vi.x. &c,
2 Kin. 17. 7—17.
b Ezek. zt. 35. Pf.
50. 17. J Kin- 14- 9.
c iSam. 22. 21.

& 36- 15, 16". Jer.
s6. 20 — 23.' Mat.
21. 35. & 23. 34,
'37. 1 Thef. z. 15.
8 Judg.iii. iv. vs.
xvi. Pf. 106. 40 —
46. Lev. 26. 14 —
39. Dent. 28. 15 —
68. Sc 32. 21—26.

e2.Kin. 13, 5. & 14.
27. Obad. ar.
Judg. 2. 18. Sc 3.
9, 15. Sc a. 6. Sc 6.
J4.&11.-33.&13.
5. 1 Sam. 7. 10.
f Jofh. 14. 15. Judg
. 11,30. Sc 5. 31.

Sc 8. 28.

i Ver. 17, 27. Judg.
2. 18. Sc ic. 16.
Lnm. 3. 22. Pf.
106. 43.

many

according

times to

didft thy

iaKin. 17. ij.
. 2 Chr. 36. 15. Hof.
6.5. Jer. 25. 3— 7.
& 7. Z5. SC ZQ. £.

that
unto and

bring
&J2.33-
kAmos3.i2. Jer 18.
7, s. 2 chr. 24. i9. hearkened, not unto thy commandments,
but finned againft thy judgments, (which,
1 if a man do, he fhall live in them,) and
withdrew the fhoulder, and hardened
their neck, and would not hear.
Yet many years didft thou m for-

I Lev. 18. 5. Ezek.
SO. II. Luke 10.
28. Gal. 3. 12.
Rom. JO. 5.

in Rom. 2. 4. 2 Pet.
3. 9. Pf. 86. 15.

many years

bear them, and n teftifiedft againft them
by thy fpirit in thy prophets : yet would
they not give ear : therefore gaveft thou
them into the hand of the people of the
lands. 2 1 Neverthelefs, for thy ° great mer
cies' fake thou didft not utterly confume
them, nor forfake them, for thou art p a
gracious and merciful God.
32 Now therefore, 1 our God, the great,
the mighty, and the terrible God, who
keepeft covenant and mercy, let not r all
the II trouble feem little before thee
* that hath come upon us, on our kings,
on our princes, and on our priefts, and
on our prophets, and on our fathers, and
on all thy people, fince the s time of the
kings of Affyria unto this day.
22 Howbeit, thou art 'juft in all that
is brought upon us ; for thou haft done
right, but we have done wickedly :
34 Neither have u our kings, our
princes, our priefts, nor our fathers, kept
thy law, nor hearkened unto thy com
mandments and thy teftimonies where
with thou didft teftify againft them.
25 For they "have not ferved thee in
their kingdom, and in thy great good
nefs that thou gaveft them, and in the
large and fat land which thou gaveft
before them ; neither turned they from
their wicked works.
36 Behold, we are y fervants this day,
and for the land that thou gaveft unto
our fathers, to eat the fruit thereof and
the good thereof, behold, we are fervants
in it:
27 And it yieldeth much increafe unto
'L the kings whom thou haft fet over us
becaufe of our fins : alfo they a have do
minion over our bodies, and over our
cattle, at their pleafure, and we are in
great diftrefs.
38 And b becaufe of all this we make
a fure covenant, and write //; and our
princes, Levites, <2rW priefts, * feal unto it.

Before Chrifl
444-
n 2 Kin. 17. 13.
2 Chr. 36. ij.
iPet. l.ll.aPet.
1. 12. If. lxiii.
Afts 7. 51.

o PC 106. 8. Ezeb
2<J. 11, 14, a.

p 2 Kin. ij. ij.
2 Chr. 30. 9. pi;
86. 15. Exod. 34.
6, 7- ver. 17, 19,
qCh.i.{.Dan.a.i. Pflo/.S. »*

r2Chr. xxviii. Se
32> 1 — 22. xxxiii.
xxxv. .xxxvi.
2 Kin. xxiv. xxv.
Ezra iv. v. ch. iii
— vi.
II Heb. tcieartrufi.
* Heb. that hath
found us.
3 2Kih. 15.19,29, &
t Deut. 32^4-. Job 34.
23. Lam. 1. 18. 8c
339. Dan. 9.14,

h Dan. 0. 8, 10, it.
Pf. 106. 6, 7.
2 Chr. xxi. xxiv.
xxv. xxviii.
xxxiii. xxxvi.

X Deut. 32. 12—18.
&2II.47. Rom. 2,
4>S>

y Deut. 18. it.
2 Chr. 12. 8. Ezra
9.9. i.e. tributary
to the Pertain.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — It is a great mercy when
God's word burdens men's confciences with a fenfe of their fins ;
and when reformation from fin and failing for it go hand in hand.
Thofe fafts are moft profitable in which men's fouls are afflicted

z Ezra 6. 8.* 7. 2*
Deut. 28. 33.
a Deut. 28. 31, 43.
51. ch. 5. 3-5.

bVer.34-37.2Chr. 15. 12, 13.* 29-
10. Sc 34. 3°i 3'-
Deut. 29. 12—15.
Ezra 10. 3. If. 44*
4, 5. ch. 10. 29.
t Heb. are at the
Sealing.

for their fin?, the bands of wickednefs are looted, intimate fellow
lhip with God enjoyed, and in which God's goodnefs leads to
repentance. O what multitudes of mercies to- us, and to our
fathers, may a diligent obferver of providence difcover! What

Nehemiah and the Jews*

CHAP. X,

folemn covenant with God.

Before Chrift
444'

* Heb.at the feedings .
a Ch. i. z.
b Or the gcvermr.
Ezra 2. 63- & I.
- 8. ch. 7. 56, 70.
cCh. 11. 11. & 12.

i C&icf fathers
among them.
d Chief ones.
Ch, 12. St 9.

« Ch. 7. 8—24. Ezra
2. i— io. Only the
••chief ofthepnefts,
Levites, and pec-
, pie, fubfcribed it.

CHAP. X.
Is but 4 continuation of the former. Here is ( 1 ) A
lift of the priefts, levites, and nobles, who fubfcribed
the above covenant ; I— 27 : and a general account
of the adherents to it; 28, 29. (2) An account of
the matter fworn to in it; viz. to keep God's com
mandments ; to marry no heathens ; to avoid profan
ation ofthe fabbath, and rigorous exadlion of debts;
29s 3°j 3 1 : and carefully to pay their quotas for
the temple fervice ; 32 — 39.
NOW* thofe that fealed were a Ne
hemiah b the Tirfhatha, the fon
ofHachaliah, and Zidkijah,
2 c Seraiah, Azariah, Jeremiah,
3 Pafhur, Amariah, Malchijah,
4 Hattufh, Shebaniah, Malluch,
5 Harim, Meremoth, Obadiah,
6 Daniel, Ginnethon, Baruch,
7 Mefhullam, Abijah, Mijamin,
8 Maaziah, Bilgai, Shemaiah: thefe
were + the priefts.
9 And the d Levites ; both Jefhua the
fon of Azaniah, Binnui of the fons of
Henadad, Kadmiel;
10 And their brethrenr Shebaniah,
Hodijah, Kelita, Pelaiah, Hanan,
1 1 Micha, Rehob, Hafhabiah,
121 Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah,
13 Hodijah, Bani, Beninu.
14 The chief of the people; eParofh,
Pahath-inoab, Elam, Zatthu, Bani,
15 Bunni, Azgad, Bebai,
16 Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin,
17 Ater, Hizkijah, Azzur,
18 Hodijah, Hafhum, Bezai,
19 Hariph, Anathoth, Nebai,
20 Magpiafh, Mefhullam, Hezir,
21 Mefhezabeel, Zadok, Jaddua,
22 Pelatiah, Hanan, Anaiah,
23 Hofhea, Hananiah, Hafhub,
24 Hallohefh, Pileha, Shobek,
25 Rehum, Hafliabnah, Maafeiah,
26 And Ahijah, Hanan, Anan,

Before Chrift
444-

X. ch.7. 45— h;.i
1 j. 3, 30. aCoivG.
14—17.

27 Malluch, Harim, Baanah,
28 ^|" f And the reft of the people, the iiuiif^Pfl
priefts, the Levites, the porters, the fing
ers, the Nethinims, and all they that had
feparated themfelves from the people of
the lands unto the law of God, their
wives, their fons, and their daughters,
every one s having knowledge and having *[%?¦
underftanding ;
29 They h clave to their brethren,
nobles, and entered into, a curfe and into
an oath to walk in God's law, which
Iby Mofes the fervant of God, *«* *>.<*< «»/.

. Eccl. J.

f-Vlpil- hDeut. 29. 12,14,10,
ch. 5. ,2, 13. Pif
119. 106. 2 Chr.
IS. 12. & 34,3 1,32.

was give
and to ' or^rve and do all the command-

n^
ilwi

1 Deut. 4. a. & 5. 3Z.
Sc 12. 32. J>(. 119.
5, 6, 32. /ohn 15.
14. I.uke 1. 6.
I Cor. 15 58. Tit.
2. 11— 14.Acls.24.
16. 2 Cor. 1. 12,

OUT fcExod. 34.16. Deut,
7. 3. fee Gen. 6.2.
Is nrl Ezra 9. 1—3, &
14I1Q, 10. ic-12.

3. Deur. 5. 12.
en. 13. 15—12.
Jer. 17. zs. Exod.
12.16. Lev. 16.20.
Sc 23. 21, ss.

m Exod. 23. 10, u.
Lev. 25. 4.
neh. 5. 7. Deut. 15.
1, 2. If. 58. 6.
II Heb. every hand.
0 Gen. 28. 22. Prov,
3-9,10. 2 Sam. 24.
24.

ments of the Lord our Lord, and his
judgments, and his ftatutes ;
30 And, that we would not give k
daughters unto the people of the
nor take their daughters for our fons
31 LAnd, if the people of the land bring ' E1xpd- ?;"• L£-
ware or any victuals on the fabbath day
to fell, that we would not buy it of them
on the fabbath, or on the holy day; and
that we would leave the m feventh vear,
11 *
and the n exaction of » every debt.
32 Alfo we made ° ordinances for us,
to charge ourfelves yearly with the third
part of a fhekel for the fervice ofthe houfe
of our God ;
22 For the p fhew-bread, and for the p^t^fJ_.
continual meat-offering, and for the con- Lev.X4.7!-x£x&
tinual burnt-offering, of the fabbaths, of *>•
the new moons, for the fet feafts, and '
for the holy things, and for the fin-of
ferings to make an atonement for Ifrael,
and for all the work of the houfe of our
God. 34 And \
priefts, the
the ' wood
houfe of our God, after the houfes of
our fathers, s at times appointed year by

caft the lots among the

bvites,
fering,

and the people, for
it into the

to bring

qProv. iS. 18..&K1.
33. 1 Chr. xxiv—
xxvi.
r Ch 13. 30. Lev. 6.
12. i Sam. 2. 15.
2 Chr. 35. 13. If.
40. 16. with Joili.
9. 27. 1 Chr. 9. 2.
s Lev. xxiii. Num.
xxviri. xxix.
Exod. 23. 14 — 17,
Sc 34. 22.

, gracious calls and covenants ! What deliverance, direction, provi
sion, and eftablifhment! What giving of the law and of the pro-
Wifes! What warnings againft, and pardons of, our fins! What
-amazing patience and long fuffering! What well-timed and well-
adjufted corrections ! And it is neceffary to confefs our father's
iniquities as v, ell as our own, or we make ourfelves heirs to them,
and fhall fhare in the punifhment of them. We muft likewife
fearch out the aggravations of our fins, and feek not to exculpate
•ourfelves, but to juftify God. O what a root of wickednefs and
Vol. I.

woe is the pride of men's heart'! Often by it we revolt from tie
free and honourable fervice of God into the bafeft flavery. But
God's infinite mercy, and his conftant adherence to his, new cove
nant with Chrift, and in him with us, ought to encourage us to re
turn to him under the' deepeft fenfe of our provocations. And folemn
evangelical covenanting with God is peculiarly proper when we
have notorioufly departed from him, are fharply corrected by. him,
and earneftly defire to return to him.

X

'Nehemiah'' s care io repeople

NEHEMIAH.

and regulate Jerufalem, the holy city.

' Before Chrift
444-

1 Exod. 23. 19.&34,
26. Lev. 19.23.
Deut. xxvi.

11 Exod. 13.2, 12,13,
Lev. 27. 27. Num.
18. 15, 16. Deut.
12. 6. ,

z Num. 18. 8—19.
J Cor. o. 6 — 14.
Gal. 6. 6.
y Lev. 23. 17. Num.
15. 19 — 21. & 18.
12, Sec. Deut. 18.
4. Sc 26. 2.

year, to burn upon the altar of the Lord
our God, as /'/ is written in the law:
* 35 And { to bring the firft-fruits of
our ground, and the firft-fruits of all
fruit. of all trees, year by year, "unto the
houfe of the Lord :
36 Alfo the "firft born of our fons,
and of our cattle, as it is written in the
law, and the firftlings of our herds and
of our flocks, to bring to the houfe of
our God, x unto the priefts that minifter
in the houfe of our God :
2 J And y that we fliould bgfcg the firft

H_o

Si Chr. 9. 26. 2 Chr.
31. ll, Sec.

3 Lev. 27. 30, 32.
Deut. 14. 22.
Z Chr. 31. 5,6, 12,
ch. 13. 12. Num.
]U. 24—30.

h Nam 18. 24—29.

c Deut. 12. 6, 11, 17.
& 14. 23. Mal. 3. 8

el Heb. 10. 25

Pf.
U2.9.

137. 5, 6
& 27. 4. & 84. 10,
Pent. 12. 19. ch.
13. JO.

fruits of our dough, and out offerings,
and the fruit of all manner of trees, of
wine and of oil, unto the priefts, * to
the chambers of the houfe of our God ;
and the a tithes, of our ground unto the
Levites, that the fame Levites might
have the tithes in all the cities of our
tillage. 38 And the prieft the fon of Aaron
fhall be with the Levites b when the Le
vites take tithes : and the Levites fliall
bring up the tithe of the tithes unto the
houfe of our<jfod, to the chambers, into
the treafure houfe.
39 For the children of Ifrael and the
children of Levi fc fhall bring the offering
of the cord, of the new wine, and the
oil, unto the chambers where are the vef
fels of the fanctuary, and the priefts that
minifter, and the porters, and the fingers :
and we d will not forfake the houfe of our
God. C H A P.___XI.
Nehemiah, having encompaffed j^mfalem with a wall,
and fanilified it f>y folemn fafmg and felf-dedication
to God, now fortifies it with SMjjbper number of in
habitants. Here are (1) The methods taken to
people it ; the rulers fhew themfelves a pattern ; the
, lot is caft fon every tenth man ; and fuch as offer
themfelves freely are bleffed ; 1,2. (2) A lift of the
principal men of the tribes ofjudah, Benjamin, and
Levi, who dwelt there; 3 — 19, (3) An account

Reflections upon Chap. X.— It is honourable to be fo
lemnly and publicly bound in the fervice of God: and efpecially is
it becoming when they, who have the lead in civil or facred offi
ces, or in folemn falling, are correfpondently forward in regular
covenanting with God. But, in all our covenants of duty, a
refpect muft be had to all God's commandments ; and a peculiar
guard be placed over thofe temptations which we have feen to be

where the reft of the Jews who returned from Baby
lon dwelt; 20—36.
AND the a rulers of the people dwelt
at Jerufalem : the reft of the people
alfo b caft lots, to bring one of ten to
dwell in Jerufalem the c holy city, and
nine parts to dwell in other cities.
2 And the people d blefled all the men
that c willingly offered themfelves to dwell
at Jerufalem.
3 ^f Now thefe are the chief of the pro
vince that dwelt in Jerufalem : but in the
cities of Judah dwelt every one in his
pofleflion in their cities, to wit, f Ifrael,
the priefts, and the Levites, and the Ne
thinims, and the children of Solomon's
fervants. 4 And at Jerufalem dwelt certain of t he-
children of Judah, and of the children
of Benjamin. Of the children of Judah;
Athaiah the fon of Uzziah, the fon of
Zechariah, the fon of Amariah, the fon
of Shephatiah, the fon of Mahalaleel, of
the children of & Perez;
5 And Maafeiah the fon of Baruch,. the
fon of Col-hozeh, the fon of Hazaiah,
the fon of Adaiah, the fon of Joiafib,. the
fon of Zechariah, the fon of h Shiloni.
6 All the fons of Perez that dwelt at
Jerufalem were ' four hundred threefcore
and eight * valiant men.
7 And thefe k are the fons of Benjamin ;
Sallu the fon of Mefhullam, the fon of
Joed, the fon of Pedaiah, the fon of
Kolaiah, the fon of Maafeiah, the fon of
Ithiel, the fon of Jefaiah.
8 And after'him Gabbai, Sallai, nine
hundred twenty and eight.
9 And Joel the fon of Zichri was- their
1 overfeer: and Judah the -fon of Senuah
was fecond over the city.
10 m Of the priefts ; Jedaiah the fon of
Joiarib, Jachin.
1 1 Seraiah the fon of Hilkiah, the fon

Pefora Chrift
444-
a Ch. 7, 4, j. jf.
tCC. 5.

b Prov. 18.18. ch.
'¦i-3+.Judi..s-wi,,
10. 1 cur. 6. 61. 4
xxiv— xxvi. Acis
1. 24, 25.
c Ver. 18. If. 48.2. &
52. 1. Mat. 4.5, &
27- 53-
d Commended, thanked, and
'prayed tor them.
Deut. 24. 13.
I Kin. 1. 47.
I Chr. 16. 43.
ejudg. 5.9. Pf.no.

fCh. 7.60,73. Ezra
2, 43, SS. 58, 70_
1 ChT. 9. 2—19.

g Pharez. GCntzS..
29. 1 Chr. 9. 4.
Ruth 4. 18. Num.
26. 20, 21.

h Gen. 38. ^lOiuy
9.5.

i 1 Chr. 9. 6.
• Mcnofafliyiiy.
k 1 Chr. 9. 7— «j..

1 Gen. 19. 9. zCttis
z. 18. Be 34. 12.
Acis 20. 28.

ml Chr. 9. 10-IJ.

the occafion of other men's falls, and to prove moft dangerous to
ourfelves. They ought to be framed in direct oppofition to that
of which we have been guilty, or to which we are moft likely to
be tempted. And plainnefs and caution are indifpenfably neceflary
in the whole, frame of them, that all who fwear them, or are bound
by them, may readily know what obligations they come under.

Settlement ofthe Jews

Before Chrift
444.

n Or date. I Chr. t».
11. 2Chr. 19. 11.
& 31.13. Num. 3.
ji.

tin all 1192-
iChr. 9. 13.
'. J Or the fon of Hag
gidUtm.

pi Chr. 9. 14— 19.

J -Heb . were nw.
<) iChr. 26. 29.
ch. 10. 39,

iZichri. iChr.9,15,
ch. 7. 44.

1 1 Kill. II. 13. £zra
9. 8. If. 48: 2. &
52. 1. Dan. 9. 24.
Rev. 11. 2. lee
ver. 1.

$ Heb. at the gates.

IiCbr. 9. 17, 18.

•nVer.j. iChr.9.2.
2 Car. 27. 3*&33.
•4- ch, 3. 26, 27,
'•(Or thetmer.

of Mefhullam, the fon of Zadok, the fon
of Meraioth, the fon of Ahitub, was the
rt ruler of the houfe of God.
12 And their brethren that did the
work of the houfe were eight hundred
twenty and two: and Adaiah the fon of
Jeroham, the Yon of Pelaliah, the fon of
Amzi, the fon of Zechariah, the fon of
Pafliur, the fon of Malchiah,
13 And his brethren, chief of the fa
thers, two hundred forty and two: and
Amafhai, the fon of Azareel, the fon of
Ahafai, the fon of Mefhillemoth, the fon
of Immer, 14 And their brethren, mighty men of
valour, ° an hundred twenty and eight :
-and their overfeer was Zabdiel, t the fon
of one ofthe great men.
15 Alfo p of the Levites ; Shemaiah the
fonofHafhub, the fon of Azrikam, the
fon of Hafhabiah, the fon of Bunni ;
16 And Shabbethai and Jozabad, of
the chief of the Levites, + had the over
fight of the 1 outward bufinefs of the
houfe of God.
1 7 And Mattaniah, the fon of Micha,
the fon of r Zabdi, the fon of Afaph, -
was the principal to begin the thankf
giving in prayer: and Bakbukiah the
fecond among his brethren, and Abda, the
Ion of Shammua, the fon of Galal, the
fon of Jeduthun.
1 8 All the Levites in the s holy city
were two hundred fourfcore and four.
19 Moreover, the porters, Akkub,
Talmon, and their brethren that kept
A the gates, were an hundred feventy and
two. 20 *f[ t And the refidue of Ifrael, ofthe
priefts and the Levites, were in all the
cities ofjudah, every one in his inherit
ance. 2 1 u But the Nethinims dwelt in
* Ophel : and Ziha and Giipa were over
the Nethinims.

CHAP. XI. ' after their captivity.
22 The overfeer alfo of the Levites at

Reflections upon Chap. XI. — The church of God, even
on earth, ought to be a holy city. And, fince Jefus her great ruler,
and his apoftles and prophets, dwell in her, men ought cheerfully to
fix their refidence there. But alas! regard to carnal advantages
w linful liberties, or fear of perfecution or expenfe, often keep

Befoie Chrift
444.

Jerufalem was Uzzi the fon of Bani, the
fon of Hafhabiah, the fon of Mattaniah,
the fon of Micha. Ofthe fons of Afaph,
the fingers were over * the bufinefs ofthe x a,. „..*,*
houfe of God.
22 For /"/ was y the king's command- yE*«6-M-&7-
•J O _ 2~— 24.
ment concerning them, that a "*¦ certain tor «./»-«*„-«.
portion fhould be for the fingers due for
every dav.
•' ' J sc Gen. 38. 30. Nurtu
24 And Pethahiah the fon of Mefhe- i6'2°-
zabeel, of the children of z Zerah the fon * 23-28..,ade'Put)r
in civil caufes, 6r
afliftant to the; go
vernor.
b Gen. 21. 2. Jofh.
10. 3.&14. 15.&

ofjudah,
matters c

,wa ot/k

as a at the king's hand in all

rning the people.

25 And for the villages, with their I5«

c Dimonab. Jofh.
15. 22.

fields, fome ofthe children ofjudah dwelt
at b Kirjatb-arba, and in the villages **£?*• Joft-
thereof, ana at c Dibon, and in the vil- ejoni. ,s. 26. &
lages thereof, and at d Jekabzeel, and in fj0a,.l'j.*7.
the villages thereof, gjoni.is^s.&i*
26 And at Jefhua, and at c Moladah, h judaic,,, ik*,.
and at f Beth-phelet, . ^ jf & r '
27 And at £ Hazur-fliual, and at hBeer- ' */*>»¦ W&
fheba, and in the villages thereof, kjofn.15-32.juda
O ' - 20. 45.
28 And at ' Ziklag, and at Mekonah, ijofh.,s.33.&„i.
and in the villages thereof, 4''
29 And at k En-nmmon, andat'Za- «¦
reah, and at m Jarmuth, "ft ,s' 34' M.
" J -' # o Jofh. 15. 35. Mic:
30 "Zanoah, "Adullam, and in their '•'s'
villages, at pLachifh, and the fields thereof, 3°s-'i-39' '*
at 1 Azekah, and in the villages thereof, '*»¦">•»¦**
And thev dwelt from. r Beer-fheba unto r *>*• -'s- «¦ «*
J Judg. 20. 1,
the * valley of Hinnom. , jorii. ,s. g. ;a. 7.
j 1 The children alfo of Benjamin r,^.3^.^30' 33'
' from + Geba dwelt u at " Michmafh,- 1 or .faa*.
and Aija, and Beth-el, and in their vil- " ilaK?'7f ',!& «;
9. Ocn. 12'. 8.
U Or to Michmafh,
xCh. 7. 27. Jer. 1,1.
yiSam.ii. i.&ii,
19. If. 10: 32.
z Jofh, 18. 25. Mat.
2. 18.

nathoth, ?Nob, Ana-

lages, 32 And at
niah, 22 Hazor JsJfc amah, a Gittaim,
34 Hadid,, b Zeboim, Neballat,

35 ^Lod,
craftfmen.

a 2 Sara. 4. 3,

and Ono, the d valley ofbisam-n

is.

c 1 Chr. 8. 12. ch, 7.
37-

36 e And of the Levites were divifions dichr.4.i4,
in Judah and in Benjamin.

c Gen. 49. 7, Jofh.
xxi.

many from the church or caufe of God! It reflects 'great honour
on magiftrates and minifters when they take fpecial care of the
chief ftations in nations and churches, and readily fhew themfelves'
patterns of felf-denial and holy refolution. If God diftinguifh"
them with honour, they fhould diftinguilh themfelves by zeal for'
4X2 *

Heads of fhe

NEHEMIAH.

returned captives.

Before Chrift
444.-

Levites that went up ^h Zerub-:
awl Jefhua

CHAP. XII.
Here we have recorded ( 1 ) The names of the moft
noted priefts and Levites who returned from Babylon
with Zerubbabel; l — 9. (2) The fucceffion of the
high. priefts after the captivity ; ' 1 0,. 1 1 . ( 3 ) A lift
of the next generation of the other chief priefts or
heads of the orders; 12 — 2T. (4) A lift of the
moft eminent Levites in Nehemiah' s time; 22 — 26.
(5) The folemn proceffion of the fingers and priefts at
¦the dedication of the wall and city of Jerufalem, and
the facrifices and joy; 27 — 43. (6) The fettlement
cf proper treafurers to collcil the Levitical Revenues,
and of the fingers and porters ; 43 — 47.
T^TOW thefe are the a priefts and the
babel the fon of Shealtiel ;
b Seraiah, Jeremiah, Ezra,
2 Amariah, c Malluch, Hattufh,
3 d Shechaniah, e Rehum, 'Jideremoth.
4 Iddo, g Ginnetho, Abijan,
5 h Miamin, ! Maadiah, Bilgah,
6 Shemaiah, and Joiarib, Jedaiah,
7 k Sallu, Amok, Hilkiah, Jedaiah.
Thefe were the chief of the priefts and of
their brethren in the days of Jefhua.
8 Moreover, the Levites ; l Jefhua,
~Binnui, Kadmiel, Sherebiah, Judah, and
m That is,. pfaim, of Mattaniah, who zvas over mthe thankf-
thankfgivtng, 7
ch.ii.2i-. giving, he and his brethren.
9 Alfo Bakbukiah and Unni, their
brethren, were over againft them in the
watches. 10 % And "Jefhua begat Joiakim, Joia
kim alfo begat "Eliafhib, and Eliafhib
begat Joiada,
1 1 And Joiada begat Jonathan, and
Jonathan begat Jaddua.
iz- And in the days of Joiakim were
priefts, the chief of the Jgjiers : p of Se
raiah, Meraiah; ofJereJBi, Hananiah;
13 Qf'Ezra, Mefhulluwi)! i of Amariah,
Jehohanari ; ^--
1 4 Of Melicu, Jonathan ; of Shebaniah,
Jofeph ;
15 Of Harim, Adna ; of Meraioth,
Helkai ;
16 Of Iddo, Zechariah ; ofGinnethon,
Mefhullam ;

aEz-raz.'i.

b Neh. to. 2. & 8. 4.
7. & 9. 4, 5. ver
12—21.
e Or Melicu. Vet. 14.
d Or Shehaniah.
Ver. 14.
e Or Harim. Vet. 15.
f Or Meraioth.
Ver., 15.
£ Or Ginnethon.
Ver. 16.
is Or Msniamin.
Ver. 17.
3 Or Moadiah.'
Ver. 17.
IcOtSUltts. Ver. 20.
1 Ch. 10. 9—13. &
8. 7- Sc 9- 4-

Ji Ezra's. z.'Sci.z.
Sc 10. IS.
• ch; 13. 7, & 28. 4.
& 3. I, 20, 21.
ver. zz.

r,V«r.I-7.-

his caiife. And they, who for God's glory forego their 'own ad
vantage, fhall never lofe their reward ; while thofe, who only com
mend duty, but do not.prailife it, fhall be afhamed. How commo-
dioufly God difpofes of men into their various habitations! In all

17 Of Abijah, Zichri; of Miniamin,
of Moadiah, Piltai ;
1 8 Of Bilgah, Shammua ; of Shemaiah,
Jehonathan ;
19 And of Joiarib, Mattenai ; of Je
daiah, Uzzi;
20 Of Sallai, Kallai; of Amok, Eber;
21 Of Hilkiah, Hafhabiah; of Jedaiah,
Nethaneel. ""-
22 % The Levites in the days of ' Elia
fhib, Joiada, and Johanan, and Jaddua,
were recorded chief of the fathers : alfo
the priefts, to the reign of r Darius the
Perfian. 23 The fons of Levi, . the chief of the
fathers, were written in the book of the
s chronicles, even until the days of Jo
hanan the fon of Eliafhib.
24 And the chief of the Levites : 'Ha
fhabiah, Sherebiah, and Jefhua the fon of
Kadmiel, with their brethren over againft
them, to praife and to give thanks u ac
cording to the commandment of David
x the man of God, y ward over
ward. 25 z Mattaniah, and Bakbukiah, Oba
diah, Mefhullam, Talmon, Akkub, were
porters, keeping the ward at the * thresh
olds of the gates.
26 Thefe" were in the days of Joiakim
the fon of Jefhua the fon of Jozadak, and
in the days of Nehemiah the governor,
and of Ezra the prieft the fcribe.
27 '% And at the a dedication ofthe
wall of Jerufalem they fought the Levites
out of all their places, to bring them to
Jerufalem to keep the dedication with
gladnefs, both b with thankfgivings, and
with finging, with- cymbals, pfalteries,.
and with harps.
28 And the fons of the fingers gathered
themfelves together, both out of the c plain
country round about Jerufalem and from
the villages of d Netophathi ;
29 Alfo from the c houfe of Gilgal, and
out of the fields of f Geba and s Azma-

Before Chrift
444.

againft

q. Ver, i», ir>-

r The laft of that
monarchy, Dan,
8. 21, 22.

s I Chr. 9. 14, &c. |

t Ver. 8. ch. 9. 4. &
8. 7. & 10. 9^-15.
u 1 Chr. xxiv— xxvi.'

x Judg. 13.6. 2 Chr.
8. 14.
y Ezra 3. 10, II.. J
I Ctir. 25. 8. 1-i -
z Ver. 8, 9. I Chr. 9.
J4i IV- -

* Or trettfytries, <K •
ajfar.b'.ici.

a Dent. 20. {.Pf. 35.
title.-.

b 1 Chr. 15. i, 6. Sc
15. 28. & 16-42.

cCh. 6:2..

d 1 Chr. 2. 54.,
eDeut. 11. 30. Joflue.
4.19.
f Jofh. li. 17.
g Ezra 2. 24,

fituations therefore they ought to accommodate their circumftances
to his honour; and always live as ftrangers and . pilgrims on this
earth, who have here no continuing city, but look for one to come,
the builder and maker of which is God, .

Nehemiah' s folemn dedication

CHAP. XII.

ofthe new wall of Jerufalem.

Before Chrift
444.

h Exod. 19. IO, 15.
Gen. 35. z. 2 Chr.
29. 5, 34- Ezra 6.
20, 11. Num. 19.
7.9-
i 1 Chr. 13. 1. Sc 28.
I. 2 Chr. 5. 2.
It Ver. 31—38, 40—
42.

ICh, 2. 13. &3- It.

m Num.. 10. 2, 8.
2 Chr. 5. 12. & 13.
12. Join. 6, 4.

n Ver/24. 1 Chr. 16.
42.&23.5.aChr.S. 14.
0 Ezra 7. 1, 11.
ch. 8. 1^-6.
pCh.2.14. &3-J5-

qCh. 3. 15. Z Sam.
5-7-

i Ch. 3. 26. & 8. i,
3). 16.

3 Ch. 3. II.
I Ch. 3. 8.

u 2Kin. 14. 13.
«h. 8. 16.
X Ch. 3. 6.
yCh. 3:3.
2 Ch. 3. 1. Jer. 32.
38. John 5. 2.

a Cb. ;. 31. Jer.
32.2.

veth : for the fingers had builded them
villages round about Jerufalem.
30 And the priefts and the Levites
h purified themfelves, and purified the
people, and the gates, and the wall.
31 Then I brought up 'the princes of
Judah upon the wall, and appointed k two
great companies of them that gave thanks,
whereof one went on the right hand upon
the wall toward the ' dung gate :
32 And after them went Hofhaiah, and
half of the princes of Judah,
22 And Azariah, Ezra, and Mefhul
lam, 34 Judah, and Benjamin, and She
maiah, and Jeremiah,
25 And certain ofthe priefts' fons m with
trumpets ; namely, Zechariah the fon of
Jonathan, the fon of Shemaiah, the fon
of Mattaniah, the fon of Mich aiah, the
fon of Zaccur, the fon of Afaph :
26 And his brethren, Shemaiah, and
Azarael, Milalai, Gilalai, Maai, Ne
thaneel, and Judah, Hanani, with the
" mufical inftruments of David the man of
God, and ° Ezra the fcribe before them.
2J And at the p fountain gate, which
was over againft them, they went up by
the 1 ftairs of the city of David, at the
going up of the wall, above the houfe of
David, even unto the r water gate eaft
ward. 38 And the other company of them that
gave thanks went over againft them, and
I after them, and the half of the people
upon the wall, from beyond the 5 tower
of the furnaces even unto the ' broad
wall ;
2<) And from above the " gate of
Ephraim, and above the x old gate, arid
above the y fifh -gate, and the z tower of
Hananeel, and the tower of Meah, even
unto the fheep gate : and they ftood ftill
in the a prifon gate.

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Happy are thofe minifters,
thofe faints, who are recorded in the Lamb's book of life ! Not
withftanding the ravages of death, God will always keep upin his
church -a fucceffion of fervants and people, and fhew them diftin
guifhed honours. Jt is highly proper, even in a moft folemn,
,*manner, to devojv.e the protection of our cities, and all that we
have, upon our God, as reconciled through the facrifice of Chrift. I

Before Cbrift
444-
bVer. 31, 32,

f Heb. made their
voice to be heard.

7. 7. Exod. 15, 1—
22. Ezra 3. 13.
Mat. 21. 9, 15.
Col. 3.16. Eph. 5.
19. Jam. 5.-13.

40 So ftood the l two companies of them
that gave thanks in the houfe of God ;
and I, and the half of the rulers with me :
41 And the priefts ; Eliakim, Maa
feiah, Miniamin, Michaiah, Elioenaiy
Zechariah, -and Hananiah, with trumpets;
42 And Maafeiah, and Shemaiah, and-
Eleazar, and Uzzi, and Jehohanan, and
Malchijah, and Elarri, and Ezer. And the
fingers + fang loud, with Jezrahiah their
overfeer. 43 Alfo that day they ° offered great C^S. "i. &
facrifices^ and rejoiced; for God had
made th^P rejoice with great joy : the
wives alfo and the children rejoiced : fo
that the joy of Jerufalem was heard even
afar off.
44 5F -And at that time were fome
appointed over the d chambers for the
treafures, for the offerings, for the firft-
fruits, and for the tithes, to gather into
them out of the fields of the cities the-
portions * of the law for the priefts and
Levites : * for Judah rejoiced for the priefts
and for the Levites " that waited.
45 And both the fingers and the por
ters kept the ward of their God, a;id the
ward of the purification, f according to fichr. xxv. xxvi,
the commandment of David and of Solo
mon his fon.
46 For in the days of David
Afaph of old there were chief of the fing
ers, and fongs of praife and thankfgiving
unto God.
47 And all Ifrael, in the days of Ze
rubbabel, and in the days of Nehemiah
h gave the p<
porters evei^day his portion ; and
things unto the Levites ;-*•"»' «./«"»""¦
fes fanctified them unto the

d Ch. 10. 37, 2 Chr.
31. 11, 12. 1 Chr.
26. 21, 22, 26. ch.
13. 5, 12.

e That is, appbintei*
by the lavs. 'See
ch. 10. 32—39.
X Heb. for the foi of
Judah. <
|| Heb. tha' flood.

S nnrl g i chr. 25. i, &c.
<UIU " j chr. 29. 30.

fanctified,
and the fJ

the h^'«_'g_.1.f
they ,C0V'9''4

children of Aaron.
CHAP- XIII.
Perhaps little more than eleven years had elapfed from-
our laft account. Now Nehemiah, on his return from.

Num. 18. 20—28.
ch. 10. 38, 39..

And it is comely when all,, even wives and children, ftiare in the
joys ofthe gofpel, and are taught to fing God's frigh praife. How
neceflary, through, the felifhnefs or unconcern of moft profeflbrs,
are fixed methods of collecting a proper maintenance for the mini
fters of the Lord ! But it is highly becoming for them faithfully to
attend to their work, and leave the fupply of their needs to the
care of their God..

Nehemiah further reforms the

NEHEMIAH.

Before Chrift
433-

Babylon to Jerufalem, finds ftill need of reforma
tion. ( I ) Upon hearing God's law againft heathenifh
connections, the people feparate themfelves from the
- Moabites, Ammonites, and others; I — 3. While
Nehemiah by force turns out Tobiah the Ammonite
from his lodging in the temple chambers, which had
been bafely allotted him by Eliafhib the high' prieft ;
-4 — '9. (2) He fecures to the Levites the better
payment of their dues ; 1-0 — 14. (3) Here/trains
the too common grofs profanation of the fabbath ;
15 — 22. (4) He effeclually checks the growing
mifchief of -marrying heathen women ; and, on account
thereof, banijhes one of the high prieft's grandfons ;
ON that day a they read in the book
of Mofes in the * audiei^p of the
people ; and therein was founPwritten,
b that the Ammonite and the Moabite
fhould not come into the congregation of
God for ever ;
2 Becaufe they c met not the children
of Ifrael with bread and with water, but
d hired Balaam againft them, that he
fhould curfe them! howbeit, our God
e turned the curfe into a blefling.
3 Now it came to pafs, when they f had
heard the law, that they feparated from
Ifrael all the g mixed multitude.
4 % And before this h Eliafhib the
prieft, + having the overfight of the cham-
wei,. being fetter. ber 0f tne \,0^{t 0f our God, was allied
unto ' Tobiah :
5 And he had prepared for him k a great
chamber, where aforetime they laid the
meat-offerings, the frankincenfe, and the
veffels, .and the tithes of the corn, the
new wine, and the oil, ' which was com
manded t'O be given to the Levites, and
the fingers, and the porters; and the of
ferings ofthe priefts.
6 But in all this time j^^as not I at
Jerufalem: for n in the tvjj Bid thirtieth
nWmh

H Hef). there Kcs
real!. Ch. 8. I— 5.
-& 9. 3. -Deut. JI.
11-13.
"'Heb. ears.'

¦b Deut. 23. 3, 4.
-ch. 2. 10.

sc Mat. j. 42, 43-

dNum.22. 5. jofh.
24.9. Deut. 23:4.
Mic. 6. 5. 2 Pet.
-z. 15. Jude 11.
Rev. 2. 14.
eNuin. xxiii. xxiv.
-Gen. 32. 6.,& 33.
4. Sc 50, 20. Phil.
1. 12. Pf. 109. 28.
fjf. ir> 7— 11. Sc
119. 9, II. J"lOV.
6. 23.
2 Ch. 9. 2. "Ezra xr
ll Ch. 3. 1, 20. Sc 12.
10. ver. 7, 28.

*Ch. 2. 19. &6. 18,
ver. 7, 28.
k Ch. 10. 38, 39. &
12.44-

Web. the command
ment of the Le
vites. Hum. 18.
8—28.

g Or J eamefily rc-
fuejled.
et 1 Cor. j.ji, ver
1, j.

r IKm.fi. 36. Pf.
J4-JO. ver. 4, J,
819.
q PC 69. 9. John j,
11—17. Mat. »i.
U, 13.

m Exod. -32.1.2 Chr.
24. 17. Mat. 13.25.
fi Ch. 1, 6. & 5. 14.
year of Artaxerxes king cflBlbylon came
tHA.a,,he,ndof J ^^ ^ 1^^ ^ , _£__ -g.^ ^
II obtained I leave ofthe king: o
7 And I came to Jerufalem, and " un
derftood of the evil that Eliafhib did for
Tobiah, in preparing him a chamber in
the p courts of the houfe of God.
8 And it grieved me fore : therefore
« 1 caft forth all the houfehold fluff of
Tobiah out of the chamber.
9 Then I commanded, and they

Jews in their marriages, tithes, Sec,
the chambers

I again the veffels

and thither
of the houfe
and the

-offering

before Chrift
433-
1 ¦ — — — — — — »
r z Chr. 29. 16 ch.
12. 30, 44. ver. 5.

the por-
been given

s Mal 3.8. withch.
10. 37. 1 Tim. 5.
17. 18.

r cleanfed
brought
of God, with the meat
frankincenfei 1 o % And I perceived that
tions of the Levites had not
them: for the Levites and the fingers that
did the work were fled every one c to his '^n-'**-
field. 1 1 Then a contended I with the rulers, ° "^V1 *
and faid, x Why is the houfe of God for- * ^¦0-39.1*1.3,
faken ? - And I gathered them together,
and fet them in their * place.
1 2 Then ? brought all Judah the tithe
of the corn, and the new wine, and the
oil, unto the f treafuries.
13 And I made treafurers over the
treafuries, Shelemiah the prieft, and
Zadok the fcribe ; and of the Levites,
Pedaiah: and * next to them was Hanan *«*-«'»«*
the fon of Zaccur, the fon of Matta
niah : for they were counted - faithful, *JM- -¦«<*.
and 'I their office was to diftribute
their brethren.
14 a Remember me, O my God, con

* Heb. ftari&lng.
y Ch. 12. 44, 47.
Lev. 27. 30. Deut.
14. 22. Num. 1$.
24— jo.
f Or ftoreJtJttfeh

unto " Hcb- ix was utm
them.

a Ch. *. 19. ver. a,
ji. Heb. 6. ic,
1 . t -.£ -i 1 Cor. 15. 38.
cernmg this, and wipe not out my good rw._.s.
deeds that I have done for^the houfe of •«*¦*-***
t Or olfervathnt*

my God, and for the + offices thereof.
5[ In thofe days faw I in Judah
wine prefles on the fab-

¦J5
b fome
bath,
affes ;

treading
and bringing in fheaves,

alfo

and lading

b Exod. 20. 8—10.
& 34. 21. Jer. 17.
21. 22, 24. If. iS,
13-

as alio wine, grapes, and figs, and
all manner of burdens, which they brought
into Terufalem on the fabbath dav : and
I teftified againft them in the day wherein
they fold victuals.
16 There dwelt c men of Tyre alfo
therein, who brought fifh and all manner
of ware, and fold on the fabbath unto the
children of Judah, and in Jerufalem.
17 Then* I d contended with the nobles '^TaiV'-^
of Judah, and faid unto them, What evil Gal'i''4 '""icl"
thing is this that ye do, and profane the
fabbath day ?
18 e Did not your fathers thus, and c &,££$ Io.
did not our God bring all this evil upon l«h.'j3.Vs.'
us, and upon this city? yet ye bring
+ more wrath upon Ifrael by profaning *»«*•«" /«• ,
the fabbath. ""*'
1 9 And it came to pafs that, when the

:¦%

c Heathens. iTCin.
5. j. Ezek. 27. 3.

Sabbath profanation reproved. C H A
' c 433- "'" gates of Jerufalem began to be dark be-
fuv._23-j2.Exod. fore the fabbath, f I commanded that the
-w»' v gates fhould be fhut, and charged that
they fliould not be opened till after the
fabbath : and fome of my fervants fet 1 at
the gates, that there fliould no burden be-
brought in on the fabbath day.
20 So the merchants and fellers of all
kind of ware lodged without Jerufalem
once or twice.
21 Then I teftified againft them, "and
im-kforcth, faid unto them, Why lodge ye U about the
wall? if ye do fo again, 1 will lay hands
on you. From that time forth came they
no more on the fabbath,
*4cT2;"'I~4'ir' 22 And I g commanded the Levites
ha. ,2.3a 1 chr. hthat they fhoukl cleanfe themfelves, and
15. 2. 2 Chr. 29. 5, _ J '
«• , that they fliould come and keep the gates,
l%VVtft to fanclify the fabbath day. * Remember
132^1-5. 130. iaQ^ q my qocj^ concerning this alfo, and
• ov nuttittiie. fpare me according to the * greatnefs of
thy mercy.
23 ^f In thofe days alfo faw I Jews that
dwehvhkistlnl'. khad married wives of Afhdod, of Am-
.-Ch. 10. -is. M31. 2. 7 ,- -rt ,r 1
11,12. z cor. 6. mon, and of Moab :
14. Ezra 9. 2, 14.
Sc ic. 14, 19.
fHcb. they difcerned
not to fpeak.

xirr.

Irreligious marriages condemned.

24 And their children fpake half in the
fpeech of Afhdod, and + could not fpeak
,„. , , in the Tews' language, but according to
J Heb.. ./ people and .J + O » ' O
popic. trie language + of each people.
joili'3' I0' 25 And I contended with them, and
m Deut. 25. 2. ir. 1 curfed them, and "* fmote certain of

Reflections upon Chap. XUI. — It is ftrange to obferve
how unacquainted with God's law many are who have daily accefs
to ftudy it ! and, while the common people are ready to comply
with his mandates, often the principal leaders in the church are
the moft bafe and treacherous adherents to wickednefs. But no
dignity muft plead exemption from rebuke. They who fin before
all fhculd be put to fhame before all. The higher a man's ftation,
and the holier his office, the more fcandalous are his fins. Reformers
have need therefore of great zeal, prudence, and fearleflhefs of
man. But what vile robbery of God, and wicked injury to the
church, is the withholding of minifters' dues from them ! — A fcan
dalous maintenance makes a fcandalous miniflry. Few minifters
are willing to ferve Chrift in hunger and nakednefs, and amrdft
reproach, peril, and fword. Moft are even ready to betake them
felves to farming or merchandize, or like worldly cares, when they
have fcarcely a temptation to it: but, when they firft fhew them
felves unworthy of their maintenance, no wonder the people grudge
it. Sacred is God's claim to his holy fabbath ; and heinous their
guilt whp dare .prefumptuoufiv to rob him of his property.

them, and plucked off their hair, and
made them "fwear by God, faying, Ye nu™ ,-,,., ;i

Before Chrift
433-

fliall not give your daughters unto their J&tS'u^;*
fons, nor take their daughters unto your
fons, or for yourfelves.
26 Did not Solomon king of Ifrael fin
by thefe things ? yet ° among many na- <"£Zt,-g**m*
tions was there no king like him, who
was beloved of his God 1 and God made
him king over all Ifrael: p neverthelefs, p_„i?V"-£"*^
even him did outlandifh women caufe. to
fin. 27 Shall we then hearken unto you

3i!

todo *.a^fthis great evil, to tranfgrefs '^a-t^S
againft our God in marrying ftrange- -°"£7'3'
wives ?
28 And one ofthe fons of r Joiada, the ' %?£•££"'
fon. of Eliafhib the high prieft, was fon
in law to Sanballat the Horonite; there
fore I * chafed him from ¦ me. 5 X-f*' Rom' *1"
29 c Remember them, O my God, i Ch-fi «+ *tih_.
becaufe they have "defiled the prieft- u Mai.* 4,8,™-.
hood,, and the covenant of the priefthood i^sisilti-^
and of the Levites.
30 Thus cleanfed I them front all
ftrangers, and appointed the A wards, of I"ch:hIrixi!l2xv"
the priefts and the Levites, every one in
his bufinefs ;
3 1 And for the y wood- offering, at times y ch. re. 34-
appointed, and for the firft-fruits. z Re
member me, O my God, for good.

Ch. c. 19. ver. «*
22. Pf. 106. 4. ii
132. 1. & 119,132.

Nobles, as well as others, ought to be faithfully rebuked for thefr
profanation of the fabbath-. And' yet, alas ! they are often, either
ringleaders in this fin, or connivers at fuch as are guilty. But
magiftrates ought to exert themfelves in preventing open profana
tion of the Lord's day. Though their laws, or the fanclions
attending them, cannot convert fouls, they may oblige vice to
hide itfelf as afhamed.. And, did magiftrates and minifters but
faithfully concur, in this matter,, according to God's law, much
good might be dorae. — Nations and churches quickly relapfe into
their former cor^ptions ; and into none more readily than unhal
lowed connexions in marriage. And none are more daring in
wickednefs than unfanftified clergymen- But nothing more effec
tually entails mifery on our offspring than profane marriages : and
yet no commands of God, no warnings of providence, are fuffi- ,
cient to reftrain men.. The fharpeft rebukes, corrections, and
brands of infamy, are neceflary. to check abominations which have
once become fafhionable. And it is a great mercy if, in critical
conjunctures, a magiftrate or minifter is helped fo to behave in,
his ftation as that he may look up to God for a gracious F@war.di

The BOOK of ESTHER.

In the two preceding books we have feen God's marvellous prefervation of thofe Jews who returned to their own country. In
¦this, probably written by Mordecdi, we. have an account of his marvellous prefervation of thofe who continued in the eaftern
parts ofthe Perfian empire. Particularly (i) How God brought Efther to be queen, and Mordecai to be great, at the Per
fian court, to prepare them to be inftruments of the intended deliverance ; chap. i. ii. vi. (2) Upon what provocation, and
by what arts, Haman obtained an irrevocable order from the Perfian king for the deftrutTton of all the Jews; iii. (3) The
great diftrefs into which the publifhing of this order caft the Jews, particularly Efther and Mordecai; iv. (4) The defeating
ef Human' 's particular plot againft Mordecai 'syflfe .; v. vi. vii. (5) The defeating of his general plot againft the %wifb
nation; viii. ix. (6) The joyful commemoratwi and happy iffue of the. deliverance ; ix. x.

Before Chrift
519, or 463.

»N«tthatEzra4. 6.
Dan. 9. 1. but-Da-
rius-Hyftai'pes, or
Xerxes, or Artax
erxes. Longhand,
Ezra vi. vii.
fcpr.J7-I4- & 37-35-
Pan. 6. J. ch. 8. 9.
& 9. 3°.
* 2Sam,7. 1. Prov.
16. 16.
o Neh. 1. Ii Dan. 8. 2

. tEccl. jo. 19. 2 Sam.
3.20. 1 Km. 3. 15.
. Dan. 5. 1. Mark 6,
Zi, Luke 14. 13.

,flf. 39- I.Dan. 4- i°:
I Sam. 25. 36.

*i. e. half a year.

-fHeb./w~f.

J Or violet,

CHAP. I.
Here, long before Haman' s ruinous plot Was projected,
providence clears the way for Efther' s advancement,
that fhe might defeat it. ( i ) In his pride, Aha
fuerus extravagantly feafts his nobles and other fub
jecls in Shufhan; 1 — 9. (2) In his paJJion, and by
advice of his council, he divorces Vajhti, his queen,
becaufe fhe came nit to his prefence, when he foolifhly
required it, to gratify his, perhaps intoxicated, lords
with a fight of her ; 19 — 22.
NOW it came to pafs, in the days
ofa Ahafuerus, (this is Ahafuerus
who reigned from India even unto
Ethiopia b over an hundred and feven and
twenty provinces),
. 2 "That in thofe days, when the king
Ahafuerus c fat on the throne of his
kingdom, which was in d Shufhan the
palace, •
,3 In the third year of his reign, he
made a e feaft unto all his princes and
his fervants ; the power ^pf Perfia and
Media, the nobles and princes of the
provinces being before himj^
, 4 When he f fhewed tire riches of his
glorious kingdom and the honour of his
excellent majefty many days, even aw
hundred and fourfcore * days.
5 And, when thefe days were expired,
the king made a feaft unto all the people
that were * prefent in Shufhan the palace,
both unto great and fmall, feven days,
in the court of the garden of the king's
palace ;
6 Where were white, green., and + blue,

g Wherein they fat.
Ch. 7. S. Ezek. 23.
41. Amos 2. 8. &
6. 4. John 13. 23.
h Qr.porphyre, and
tnarble, and ala-
ha/ler, and flone of
blue colour. 1 Kin.
7.9.

4.9. etui 2, St

hangings, faftened with cords of fine linen /J^™,0^,
and purple to filver rings and pillars of  "
marble : the sbeds were of <gold and filver,
upon a pavement h of red, and blue, and
white, and black, marble.
7 And they gave them drink in veflels
of gold, (the veffels being diverfe one from
another, j and H royal wine in ' abundance, n ww<* the idne
„. . ' * . " ufed to drink.
according to the ftate of the king. ijohn2.6-iB.
8 And the drinking was according to * w"^t'£y*'
the law; none did k compel : for fo" the k or <--„«,. Dan.
king had ' appointed to all the officers of , ,„',
his houfe, that they fhould do according
to every man's pleafure.
9 Alfo Vafhti the queen made a feaft
for the women in the royal houfe which
belonged to king Ahafuerus.
10 ^f On the feventh day, when the
heart of the king was m merry with wine,
he commanded Mehuman, Biztha, n Har-
bona, Bigtha, and Abagtha, Zethar, and
Carcas, the feven + chamberlains that
ferved in the prefence of Ahafuerus the
king, 1 1 To ° bring Vafhti the queen before
the king with the crown royal, to fhew
the people and the princes her beauty :
for fhe was * fair to look on.
12 But the queen Vafhti p refufed to Pcoi, 3.18.^.5.
come at the king's commandment II by ,i_T_£«t
his chamberlains: therefore was the kino- t,u\f,d°fh"
very 1 wroth, and his anger burned in q °e"i/,9-£ f/0*'
him. &'i9:tLch,7.7."

m 2 Sam. 13. 28.
Eccl. 10. 19. &y.
z, 3. Jude 12." '
n Ch, 7. 9,

f Or eunuchs.

0 Ver. ro. Pro/. 20.
I, Sc 16. 9.

i Heb. gcid of toast.
tenance.

13 % Then the king faid to the r wife

r Ch. 6. 13. Cen. 41.
8. Dan. 2,12. Mat.
2. 1.

ajhti, refufng to appear,

CHAP. I. II,

is divorced, by Ahafuerus.

IZ^Tz. men, who knew the times, (for fo Was

s i Chr. 12. 32.
Mat. 16. 3.

u Heb. What to de.
Mal. 2. 14. Col. 3
19.

» The youngeft
counfellor fpoke

si Cor. 6. 7,8.

the king's manner toward all that knew
s law and judgment:
^'14 And the next unto him Was Car-
fhena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarfhifh, Me-
xZllilrt.lrt9. res, Marfena, W Memucan, the ' feven
princes of Perfia and Media, who faw
the king's face, and who fat the firft in
the kingdom) ;
1 5 " What fhall we do unto the queen
Vafhti according to law, becaufe fhe hath
not performed the commandment of the
king Ahafuerus by the chamberlains?
16 And * Memucan anfwered before
the king and the princes, Vafhti the queen
hath not done x wrong to the king only,
,but alfo to all the princes, and to all the
.people that are in all the provinces of the
king Ahafuerus.
17 For this deed of the queen fhall
come abroad unto all women, fo that
ylph7s6Jj,?'wi,h tney mau y defpife their hufbands in their
eyes when it fhall be reported, The king
Ahafuerus commanded Vafhti the queen
to be brought in before him, but fhe
came not.
18 Likewife fhall the ladies of Perfia
and Media fay this day unto all the king's
princes, which have heard -of the deed of
^n'thdr'huT t^le queen. Thus fhall there arife + too
baKd^i' niuch contempt and wrath.
SwivV™ iq X If it pleafe the king, let there go
^hlfunT* a r°yai commandment II from him, and
t^-frm before let it be written among the laws of the
* »e». th*, ir,af, Perfians and the Medes, * that it be not
altered, that Vafhti z come no more be
fore king Ahafuerus ; and let the king
give her royal eftate + unto another that
is better than fhe.

net away.
3 Prov. 18. 13, &
27.4.
t Heb. unto her torn.
fanion.

Reflections upon Chap. I. — Infatiable is the nature of co
vetoufnefs and ambition, which gathers to itfelf all people and
countries, yet is nothing nearer contentment. ,Yea kingdoms,
when once they are overgrown, are near the brink of decay and
ruin. What vaft expertfes do many facrifice to the idol of pride,
expenfes which might have relieved many helplefs families. In
what awful manner fhall thofe heathens, who would urge none to
"fink, rife up in judgment againft thofe profefled Chriftians who
lend round their healths, their toafts, and fend round fin and death
along with them ! Yea ordinarily ¦ hard drinking, however un
forced, iffues in the mifery or fhame of thofe who occafioned it.
" perfons be once intoxicated with liquor, how imprudent their
*ondiidr. ! they are ready to difhonour tiiemfelves, or their neareft •
Vol. I.

20 And, when the king's decree which j*?^..

he fhall make fhall be publifhed through
out all his empire, (for it is great), all
the wives fhall agive to their hufbands " j&.5;£&.J]:
honour, both to great and fmall.
2 1 And the faying + pleafed the king t^/t'lj7hfil%":'k'
and the princes ; and the king did ac
cording to the word of Memucan :
2-2 For he fent letters into all the king's
provinces, into every province according
to the writing thereof, and to every people
after their language, that every man
fhould beanj-ule in his own houfe, and bHeb.(WMU
b that it fhWuld be publifhed according to pfl'£'ttff7
the language of every people. ll'sfs.^ttliis

CHAP.

II.

Records ( 1 ) The advancement of Efther to be queen of
Perfia inftead of Vafhti. According to the extra
vagant courfe taken to procure a queen, ?nany ftood
candidates; I — 4: but Efther, a Jewifh orphan,
5 — 7> recommended herfelf firft to the chamberlain,
8 — 11, and then to king Ahafuerus; 12 — 17: who
made her queen; 18,19,20, (2) The good fervice
which Mordecai, Efther' s coufin, did to the king, in
difcovering a plot laid for his life; 21 — 23.
AFTER thefe things, when the wrath 5*5. or 453.
of king Ahafuerus was appeafed,
he v remembered Vafhti, and what b fhe »^u-& »•¦«*¦«•»•
had done, and what was decreed againft
her. 2 Then faid the king's 'fervants that ich. ..16.&6.;.
miniftered unto him, Let there be d fair *»»-6.- .Kit
young virgins fought for the king :
3 And let the king appoint officers in
all ethe provinces of his kingdom, that ian.
they may gather together all the* fair
young virgins unto Shufhan the palace,
to the houfe of the women, * unto the * Hob.,™, !»,<«.,*<:.
cuftody of f Hege the king's chamber- {0' **?• ver. ».

relations, and to require what cannot be decently granted. And,
when pride meets with pride, the iffue is contention and ruin. It
is eafier to govern a kingdom than to rule our own proud fpirit.
But efpecially unhappy are thofe contentions between married per
fons which happen before company. The bad confequeiices of
them may never be cured. It is indeed dangerous for kingdoms
to indulge difobedience in the wives of rulers ; but dejth or divorce
ought to be the laft means ufed to prevent' it. Nor oua;ht even
the general welfare of kingdoms to be founded in injuftice to
particulars. But O the wifdom and power of God! he makes all
the follies and wickednefs, as well as the counfels, of mankind to
work for his own glory and the good of his church and people.

Virgins are fought for Ahafuerus.

ESTHER

^isTor^s*. kuh* keeper of the women ; and let their
g or ornament,, ver. s things for purification be given them:
4 And let the maiden which pleafeth
the kins h be queen inftead of Vafhti.

12 — 14. If. 3. ley—
23.

h 1 Sam. z. 8. Pf. 75
6. Sc 13. 7, 8.
Ezek. 17. 24.

i Ver. 15. ch. 3.
& 8. 2. & 10.

fe iKin. 24. 6, 15.
2 Chr. 36. 10. Jer
24- I-

f Heb. nntrifhed.

J Dan. 1.7. v. i
—17* ch iv — '

is
V1U.

% Heb. fair of form,
and good of counte-
TUtnte,

queen
And the thing pleafed the king ; and he
did fo.
5 % Now in Shufhan the palace there
was a certain ' Jew, whofe name was
Mordecai, the fon of Jair, the fon of Shi
mei, the fon of Kifh, a Benjamite ;
6 k Who had been carried away from
Jerufalem with the captivity which had
been carried away with Jeconjah king of
Judah, whom Nebuchadnemar the king
of Babylon had carried away.
7 And he '•'brought up Hadaffah, that
is 'Efther, his uncle's daughter:, for fhe
had neither father nor mother ; and the
maid was * fair and beautiful ; whom
Mordecai, when her father and mother
were dead, took for his own daughter.
8 ^[ So it came to pafs, when the king's
commandment and his decree was heard,
and when many maidens were gathered
together unto Shufhan the palace, to the
cuftody of mHegai, that Efther was brought
alfo unto the king's houfe, to the cuftody
of Hegai, keeper of the women.
9 And the maiden pleafed him, and
fhe n obtained kindnefs of him ; and he
fpeedily gave her her things for purifi-
nHeb. herfortiom. cation, with H fuch things as belonged
to her, and feven maidens, which were
meet to be given her, out of the king's
*mi,.hcchantedh,r. koufe . and # ne preferred her and her
maids unto the beft place of the houfe of
the women.
10 Efther had not fhewed her people
nor her kindred: for Mordecai had charged
her that fhe ° fliould not fhew it.
1 1 And Mordecai p walked every day
before the court of the women's houfe,
* to know how Efther did, and what
fhould become of her.
12 5T Now, when every maid's turn
was come to go in to king Ahafuerus,
after that fhe had been twelve months,
according to the manner of the women,
(for fo were the days of their purifications
accomplifhed ; to.voit, fix months with oil

si Ver. j.

ll Gen. 39. it, I Kin.
8. 50. Neh. 2. 8.
Pf. 106. 46. Prov.
sd. 7. Dan. i. 9.
ver. 15, 17.

c- Becaufe the Jews
were fo much con
temned. Ch. 3. 8.
vet. 20. Mat. 10.
16. Pf- 112. 5.
Eph. 5. is.
p John 10; 23.
| Heb. to know the
fence of.

Before Chrift
51 J, or 459.

Mordecai, who had taken
was come to

daughter

king,

fhe

sPf. 131. i.Heb. IJ.
5.1 Pet. 5.5.

Efther is preferred, io the reft.
of myrrh, and fix months with fweet
odours, and with other things for the
purifying of the women) ;
13 Then thus came every maiden
unto the king; whatfoever fhe defired was
given her to go with her out of the houfe
of the women unto the king's houfe.
14 In the evening fhe went, and on
the morrow fhe returned into the fecond
houfe of the 'women, to the cuftody of
Shaafhgaz, the king's chamberlain, which
kept the concubines : fhe came in unto
the king no more, except the king de
lighted in her, and that fhe were called
by name.
15 ^[Now when the q turn of Efther, qveMiipr.105.ra.
the daughter of Abihail r the uncle ofrVer-7-.
her for bis
go in unto the
required nothing but what
Hegai the king's chamberlain, the keeper
of the women, appointed. And Efther
' obtained favour in the fight of all them ts7onf£k9c f™[_6'
that looked upon her. ,cr' * I7' '
1 6 So Efther was taken unto king Aha
fuerus into his houfe royal in the u tenth
month, which is the month Tebeth, in
the feventh year of his reign.
1 7 And the king loved Efther above
all the women ; and fhe obtained grace
and + favour x in his fight more than all *0r '"***¦''''
the virgins; fo that he ? fet the royal
crown upon her head, and made her queen yi.ukc,48.pf.7j.
inftead of Vafhti
18 Then the
unto all his princes and his fervants,
Efther's feaft; and he made a 'I releafe to iiHeb.™/.
the provinces, and a ga
to the ftate cf the king.
19 And, when the virgins were
thered together the fecond time, then
Mordecai *fat in the king's gate.
20 Efther had b not yet fhewed herhv«.w.
kindred nor her people, as Mordecai had
charged her: for Efther did the command
ment of Mordecai like as when fhe was
brought up with him.
21 % la thofe days, while Mordecai
fat in the king's gate, two of the king's
chamberlains, c Bigthan and Terefh, of e %«**«»

uWifhch. 1.7. &
8.9,.

X Heb. btforfhis Qet,
Proy. 5. 17,10. &

J-7j
I Sam. z. S. Ezek*

king

made a great feaft zCh.,. 3,5.00.-..
29. 22. Judg. 14.
even 10,17. *

gifts according aNeh.s,i2.cb.rj,
O D 22.

ga-

» Had fome oflicc
there.

Mbrdeca/ detecls a treafonable plot. CHAP. III.
Before aw* thofe whIch kcpt t the door, wer e d wroth

Haman plots to ruin all the fezvs.

514.

^ ha. the threjhou. and fought to lay hand on the king Aha-

di3am.24.6.&26. fuerus
9. Pf, 144. 10.

e Eccl. 10.20. Prov.
K. 12. Rom. II1. 33
ch. vi— x,

22 And the thing was c known to
Mordecai, who told // unto Efther the
queen; and Efther certified the king
f rc-. 13.7. pi>a. thereof in f Mordecai' s name.
2. 4. j
23 And, when inquifition was made of
the matter, it was found out ; therefore
%^"X]St\!i%: they were both £ hanged on a tree: and it
bo,. & 1, 2. Mai. 3. was h written in the book of the chro
nicles before the king.
CHAP. III.
Here a black'and mournful feem opens, which threatens
definition to all the people of God. ( 1 ) Haman, a
wicked Agagite, is made the king's favourite, and
prime minifter of ftate; 1. (2) Mordecai the Jew
refufes to give him the honours which he demanded;
2 — 4. (3) To punijh this affront, Haman, in his
pride, refolves to deftroy the ivhole Jewijh nation ;
5, 6. (4) Having, by cafting of the lot, found out,
as he thought, the moft lucky day, he, by his mail-
- cious . infinuations, obtains from king Ahafuerus an
urder to have them all maffacred on it; 7 — 13.
(5). This order is immediately difperfed through the
whole Perfian empire, to the great grief of the inha
bitants of Shufhan the metropolis, and of other Jeivs;
14, 15.
sii,or4K- A FTER thefe things did king Aha-
arr£.829M2l''3'IS* _t~J- fuerus a promote Haman the fon
*N™-*4-7.isam. 0f Hammedatha the b Agagite, and ad
vanced him, and fet his feat above all the
princes that were with him.
2 And all the king's fervants, that were
in the king's gate, c bowed, and reverenced
Haman ; for the king had fo commanded
^9'7;'4mDei5': concerning him : but d Mordecai bowed
not, nor did him reverence.
3 Then the king's fervants, which were
in the king's gate, faid unto Mordecai,
eWhy tranfgreffeft thou the king's com
mandment ?
4 Now it came to pafs, when they

« Gen. 4-1. 42. Rev.
13. 2—5, 12.

3. with ver. I. Pf.
15-4-

* Exod. 1. 17. Mat,
<S- 2, 3-

fpake daily unto him, and he f heark
ened not unto them, that they g told
Haman, to fee whether Mordecai his
h matters would ftand ; for he had told
them that he was a Jew.
5 And when Haman faw that Mor
decai bowed not, nor did him reverence,
then was Haman ' full of wrath.
6 And he thought fcorn to lay hands
on Mordecai alone ; for they had fhewed
him the people of Mordecai : wherefore
Haman k fought to deftroy all the Jews
that were throughout the whole kingdom
of Ahafuerus, even the people of Mor
decai. 7 %\n the x firft month, that is the
month Nifan, in the ra twelfth year of king
Ahafuerus, they caft n Pur, that is, the
lot, before Haman from day to day, and
from month to month, to the twelfth
month, that is, the month Adar.
8 5[ And Haman faid unto king Aha
fuerus, There is a certain people fcattered
abroad and difperfed among the people
in all the provinces of thy kingdom, and
their ° laws are divers from all people,
neither keep they the king's laws ; there
fore it is not *for the king's profit to
fuffer them.
9 If it pleafe the king, let it be written
+ that they may be deftroyed : and I will
* pay ten thoufand talents of filver to the
hands of thofe that have the charge of
the bufinefs, to bring it into the king's
treafuries. 10 And the king p took his ring from
his hand, and gave it unto Haman the
foil of Hammedatha the Agagite, the
Jews' q enemy.
11 And the king faid unto Haman,
The filver is given to thee, the people

Before Chrift
511, or 455.
f Prcv. 19. 27. Acts
4. 19. Sc e. 29.
g Ezek. 22. 9. Prov.
29. 12. Mill. 1. z8,
29. Prov. 21. 30.
Pf. 33. 10, 11.
h Rom. 8. 31. If. 43.
1, 2. & 41. 10, 14
— 16. Sc 46. 3, 4.

i Ql. 1. 12. Dan. 3.
19. Prov. 27. 3, 4.
Sc IZ. 16. Sc 21.14.
Sc 19. 19. Job 5. 2.

k Pf. 83. 4. Rev. 12.
12, 17. Gen. 3. 15.

John 8. 44,

500, of 453.
I Exod. 12. 2. Sc IJ*
4. Sc 40. 2.
m Ch. 1. 3. Sc z. 16.
n Ch. 9. 24. Ezek.
21.21. He tried to
fix upon a lucky
day forhis project.

0 Ezra 4. 13— IJ.
Ail j 16. 20. & 17.
6. Sc 28. 22. Sc 24,
5. Luke 23. 2.
Exod. 1. 10.
•Heb. meet, or equal.

f Heb, to deftroy ihent.
% Heb. weigh. Per
haps coining of
money was not
then begun. It is
418 carl loads.

p Gen. 41. 42. ch. 8,

a Or otrreffor.
Ca/7.6.

Reflections upon Chap. II. — What is done in hafte and
paffion iftues in bitter repentance and grief. And what odd fhifts
crafty courtiers will take to avoid coming under the power of a fe
male whom they have inj ured. Yea men will praclife the greateft ex
travagance and wickednefs to gratify their fleflily lufts. Surely we
may here obferve the need there was ofthe gofpel, in order to reduce
men to the obfervance even of the plaineft laws of nature : and at the
fame lime we difcern the fovereignty of God in carrying on his
wife and Jioly defigns by means of the moft abfurd extra vaganc_e.
What care he takes pf orphans and fatherlefs ! And great is the

care which men ought to take of them. Yea, it is comely when
near relations have a tender and fixed regard for one another.
Great prudence is fometimes neceffary to enable us to difcern
what truths may be told, and what concealed, without bordering
on falfehood. And the guardians of virgins ought to take the
greateft care of them, efpecially if they are brought into flippery
and dangerous fituations. How ftrangely God brings treafonable
plots to light! And it is an advantage for courts to have faithful
attendants; and very honourable to rifk our own life for the fake
of our fovereign, even when we have no profpect of reward.
4Y %

Orders iffued to maffacre the Jews,
Before Chrift
509,01-453.
r John 79. to. Pf-73.
7. Jer. 18.23. & 7.
IO.
s Or feeretariet.
Ch. 8. 9. Sc I. 22,

ESTHER.

Mordecai and Jews greatly grieved.

t Ch.S.9. iKin.ii.
3. Dan, 6. c, 12,15.
11 2 Chr. 30. 6. ch. 8.
10, 14. Rom. 3. 15.
Prov. 1. 16. Sc a.
j6. If. 59. 7.
x 1 Sam: 22. 18. Pf
83. 4,5. Mat. 2. 16.
Exod. i. 16, 22.

y Job 39. ;o. Pf. 36.
4. Jam. 2. 13.
2CS1.8111, is. &g.
J, 16, 17.

a Rom. 3. 15. Prov.
4. 16. cc 1. 16. If,
S9-7-

b Gen. 37. 25. Mat.
14. 6. John 16. 20.
Rev. 11. 10.
cCh. 4. 16.&8. ij.

alfo, to do with them '" as it feemeth good
to thee.
12 Then were the king's s fcribes
called on the thirteenth day of the firft
month, and there was written according
to all that Haman had commanded unto
the king's lieutenants, and to the govern
ors that were over every province, and to
the rulers of every people of every pro
vince, according to the writing thereof,
and to every people after their language ;
in the name of king Ahafuerus was it
written, and fealed^with the king's ring.
13 And the letters were fent by u pofts
into all the king's provinces, to deftroy,
* to kill, and to caufe to perifh, all Jews,
both young and old, little children and
women, in y one day, even upon the
2 thirteenth day of the twelfth month,
which is the month Adar, and to takp
the fpoil of them for a prey.
14 The copy of the writing for a com
mandment to be given in every province
was publifhed unto all people, that they
fhould be ready againft that day. <
15 The pofts went out, a being haft-
ened by the king's commandment, and
the decree was given in Shufhan the
palace. And the king and Haman b fat
down to drink, but the '-city Shufhan was
perplexed. CHAP. IV.
The Jewijh nation was fcarcely devoted to utter deftruc
tion when things here begin very orderly to ivork for
their deliverance. ( I ) They and their friends lay
to heart their danger, and bitterly lament it ; I — 4.
(2) Mordecai, refuftng to be comforted, tranfmits
to queen Efther an account of the plot, and urges her
to intercede with the king for a revocation of the
ediH ; and even to run the rifk of addrefjing him

Reflections upon Chap. III. — The very worft of men are
often exalted to the higheft honours : and exalted too to render
their fhame and ruin in the end the more confpicuous and dreadful.
Often the cringing complaifance of others lays a fnare for the truly
godly. And there is need therefore of ftrong faith and ardent zeal to
make us take a lingular courfe at the hazard of all that is dear to us
in this world. But no confideration muft influence us to that which
-is evil. Of what intolerable pride, infatiable cruelty, and deep-
rooted antipathy,' to the people of God, are fome men pollefled !
And often courtiers mark out the worthieft of the fubjects as the
objects of their refentments. The people of God are. ordinarily
loaded with the vileft calumnies, in order to encompafs their ruin.
And pride, malice, and revenge, met together, ftick at nothing

uncalled upon fo cmticql an occafion; 5— 14.
(3) After a folemn faft of three, days, fhe prontifes to
¦ dofo; 15, 16, 17.
TI7HEN Mordecai perceived

Before Chrift
509, or 453.

all a Ch. j. 8-ij.

that was done, Mordecai b rent
his clothes, and put on fackcloth with
afhes, and went out into the midft of the
city, and c cried with a loud and a bitter
cry; 2 And came even before the king's
gate : for none might enter into the king's
gate clothed with fackcloth.
And in every province, whitherfo-

b Pen, 37, 29, 34.
Jofh. 7. 6. Jon. 3.
4-9. Job 2. 8.

c Gen. 17.34. If. 1 5.
4- « 16.9. Mic. 1. 8.

3 And in every province,
ever the king's commandment and his
decree came, there & Was great mourning
among the Jews, and faffing, and weep
ing, and wailing ; and e many lay in
fackcloth and afhes.
4 % So Efther's maids and her * cham
berlains came and told it her. Then
was the queen exceedingly grieved ; and
fhe fent raiment to clothe Mordecai, and
to take away his fackcloth from him ; but
1 he received it not.
5 Then called Efther for Hatach, one of
the king's chamberlains, + whom he had
appointed to attend Upon her, and gave
him a commandment to Mordecai, s to
know what it was, and why it was..
6 So Hatach went h forth to Mprdecai
unto the ftreet of the city, which was
before the king's gate
7
had happened unto him, and of the fum
of the money that Haman had promifed
to pay to the king's treafuries for the
Jews, to deftroy them.
8 Alfo he gave him. the copy of the at

d 1 3am. 4. 13. If. i„
4, 5, 12. Zech. 8.
19. P£ 12. J.
ft Heb. facecloth and
' afhes were laid un
der many. If. 58. 5.
Dan. 9. 3.
* Heb. eunuchs^

f Oen. 37. 35. Jer.
3I.JJ.Rom. 2. 7i

f Heb. whom he ha£
fet before her.

g Job 29. 16. .Rom. .
12. 15. He.b. 13. 3.

hTit. 2. 10. Mat.44..
-45.aTlm. j.16,17.

0 " t>'
And Mordecai told him ' of all that

i Ch. 3- *- '3s

writing

of the decree that was given

to obtain their own ends. .Some men are very lavifti of their
money in the fervice of the devil, who would be abfolute churls
in the fervice of God. And crafty courtiers often make princes
believe what is for their unfpeakable hurt to be for their inexpref
fible advantage. But miferable is the ftate of nations when flat
tering fycophants can fway the fovereign to every thing horrid at
their pleafure. And it is abfurd for princes or others to riot in
mirth and pleafure when the church is in danger,, and the public
perplexed. But there is no counfel nor device effectual ao-ain-ft
the Lord. — Eveta Haman's appeal to the Lot, for marking out a,
lucky day for the deftruction of the Jews, places it at fo' great a
diftance as to render their'deliverance more glorious, and his own
and their enemies' ruin the more ignominious.

pefore Chrift
509, or 453.
It If. 1. 24. Nah. 3. 1.
JlThef.5.27. 2 Tim.
4.3. 1 Tim. 6. 17.
m Eccl. 10. 4. Prov.
15. 1. & 18. 23, Sc
16. 14. 15.

nJer.J3.28. Aft? 20,
27. 1 Cor. 4. 2.

t Heb. 12. 3. Prov,
24. 10.If.4a20— »
31-

r Ch. 5. 1.

Eflher, Mordecai, and the Jews,
K Shufhan to deftroy them, to fhew //
unto Efther, and to declare it unto her,
and to ' charge her that fhe fhould go in
unto the king, to make m fupplication unto
him, and to make requeft before him for
her people.
9 And Hatach came and n told Efther
the words of Mordecai.
10 f ° Again Efther fpake unto Ha
tach, and gave him commandment unto
Mordecai ;
1 1 All the king's fervants, and the
people of the king's provinces, do know
that whofoever, whether man or woman,
fhall come unto the king into p the inner
,Dan.2.9.&6.7. court, who is not called, there is q one law
of his to put him to death, except fuch
»ch.s.2.&8.4. to r whom the king fhall hold out the
golden fceptre, that he may live :. but I
have s not been called to come in unto
the king thefe thirty days.
12 And they told to Mordecai Efther's
words. 13 Then Mordecai commanded to an
fwer Efther, Think cnot with thyfelf that
thou fhalt efcape in the king's houfe more
than all the Jews.
14 For, if thou altogether holdeft thy
peace at this time, then u fhall their + en
largement and deliverance arife to the
Jews from another place, but thou and
thy father's houfe fhall be deftroyed :
and who knoweth whether * thou art
come to the. kingdom for fuch a time as
this ?
1 5 % Then Efther bade them return
Mordecai this anfwer,
16 Go, gather together all the Jews

CHAP. IV. V.

that

» I Cor. 7. 4, 5,
I Pet. 3. 7.

:Phil.2,4. Ik
24, 25. Prov. 29.
25. & 24. 10—12.

te Cen. 22. 14. Lev.
26: 42. Deut. 32.
36. Jet. 4. 27. &
30. 11. Sc 46. 28.
% Heb. refpiration.

J If 49. 23. Ohar!
11. Ir

24.27.

iKin. 13. 5. &

ifent

obferve a folemn faft.

arenpreient in Shufhan, and * fail $%%£
ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three » Heb. /.«_.
days, night or day : I * alfo and my
maidens will faft likewife ; and fo " will
I go in unto the king, which- is not
according to the law ; and, if I perifh, I
perifh. 1 7 So Mordecai * went his way, and
did according to all that Efther had com
manded him.

Y Jon. 3. 4—9. Joel
1. 14. & 2. 12—18.
2 Chr. 20. 3 — 17.
I Sam. 7. 6—10.
Acts 12. 5. Mat, 9,
15. Ezra ix. Ken.
ix. Dan.-ix.
z Gen. 18. 19. Jofh.
24. 15.
a Mat. 16. 24, 25.
Gen. 43. 14. Heb.
11. 24.
* Heb.- pa fid.

CHAP. V.
We left Haman at his cups and mirth, and Efther at'
her prayers and tears. Here we have ( I ) Efther
in her joys fimiled upon by the king, when, fhe ap
proached him uncalled, and favoured with his confent.
to her petition, that he and Haman Jhould attend h'er
banquet; I — 8^ (2) Haman^ amidft all his ho
nours, terribly fretted at Mordecai' s repeated refufal
of honours to him ; and in his rage, advifed by his
friends, preparing a gallows for him; 9 — 14.
NOW it came to pafs on * the third 3 Ch- "• *6-
day, that Efther b put on her royal
apparel, and ftood in the c inner court of
the king's houfe, over againft the king's
houfe : and the king faf upon his royal
throne in the royal houfe, over againft
the gate ofthe houfe.

b-Mat. 10. 16. PC..
' Hi. 5. 1 Pet. 3.3,
5. Eph. 5. 15.
c Ch.'4- n. Si 6. 4'.

2 And it was d fo, when the king faw

queen ftanding in the court,
that fhe obtained favour in his fight
the king So Efther

Eftherthe and
held out to Efther the golden
fceptre that was in his hand,
drew near, and touched the top of the
fceptre. 3 Then faid the king unto her, fWhat

wilt thou, que
thy requeft ? it

:n Efther?
fhall be

and what is

even given thee
to the half of the kingdom.
4 And Efther g anfwered, If // feem

d PC J 16. 1. Aflsia,
¦4. Prov. 21. 1, ch.
4. 11.&8.-4. Gen.
22.' 14. Deut. 32.
36. I Cor. 10. 13.
e Col. 3. 18. I Pet,
3. 1—7.

fVer.6. ch.7. 2. ft
9. 12. 1 Kin. 2. 20.
Mark 6. 23. fo
Zech. 1. 13. John
16.24.

gPror. 29. 11. Eph.
5. 15. Mat. 10. 16.
Pi. 112. 5.

Reflections upon Chap. IV. —A good man feverely feels
and laments the heavy ftrokes of providence, whilft with humble
refignation he fubmits to the rod : and it is peculiarly grievous to
him that others fhould fuffer for his fake. How brave is it to
efpoufe the caufe of God when it feems defperate and finking !
But unhappy are thofe courts where all are fo abandoned to gaiety,
pleafure, and mirth," that nothing ferious or mournful dare' enter.
Yea the pride or bafe fear of princes has introduced the moft
unaccountable laws, hurtful to themfelves, families, and fubjects.
But how friendly is it when all the members of Chrift, however,
great, fympathize with one another in their diftrefs ! God fome
times permits the moft difcouraging circumftance to exercife the
faith and--,brighten the crown of the redeemed. And it is necef
fary to confider well the ends of providence in putting us into

our ftations, and to labour to let flip no opportunity of anfwering
them. If we have faith to truft in God, he will never fail us.
But, if through unbelief we decline the path of duty, we may
expect the danger which we finfully decline. In times of great
diftrefs, folemn falling and fupplication to God are leading means
of deliverance. And fuch as are confined ought to join in the
work as well as the attenders in public. In all our diftreftes there
is a throne of grace open, and a God who heareth prayer.' When
we are truly humbled under our fins we may hope that God will
deliver us from our afflictions. And, while we defire the prayers
of others, let us never forget to be importunate for ourfelves.
And, having by the prayers of faith committed our way to the
Lord, we may, with the greateft courage and refolution, venture
on the moft dangerous work to which in providence we have a call.

llfther gains Ahafuerus' favour.

ESTHER.

Before Chrift
509, or 453.
h-Maf. 9. 13. &r to.
16. 1 Thef: 5. jj.
Jam. 3. 1 j.

i Ver. 3 ch.1
g. 11.

. z. &

k Jam\ 5. 1;. Prov.
29. it. Mat. 10.
sfi. Eph. 5. 15. Pf.
111. 5-

1-Prov, 16. 9. ch.vi.

m Lukc6. z\$. Amos
6. i_. Job zo. 5.
13 Ch. 3.2. Mat. 10.
28. Pi". 15. 4.
© Ch. 3.. 5. Job 5. a.
Eccl. 4. 4. Prov.
2-7- 3i 4-
p 2rSam. 13. 21,

t Keb. xaufed to come,
q Ch. 6. IJ.
r Dan. 4. 30. ch.9. 7
—10. & 3. 1. pf.
4-3, 11. &, 7. ,5.
& 17. 14. Job zi.
7, 8, 11, iz.

good unto the kino;, let the king; and Ha-
man come this day unto the u banquet
that I have prepared for him.
5 Then the king faid, Caufe Haman
to make hafte, that he may do as Efther
hath faid. So the king and Haman
came to the banquet that Efther had
prepared. 6 ^[ And the king faid unto Efther at
the banquet of wine, ' What is thy peti
tion ? and it fhall be granted thee : and
what is thy requeft ? even to the half of
the kingdom it fhall be performed. ,
7 Then k anfwered Efther, and faid,
My petition and my requeft is ;
8 If I have found favour in the fight
of the king, and if it pleafe the king to
grant my petition, and * to perform my
requeft, let the king and Haman come to
the banquet that I fhall prepare for them,
and I will do 1 to-morrow as the king
hath faid.
9 % Then went Haman forth that day
m joyful and with a glad heart : but, when
Haman faw Mordecai in the king's gate,
that he n ftood not up, nor moved for
him, he was ° full of indignation againft
Mordecai. 1 o Neverthelefs, Haman ^ p refrained
himfelf; and, when he came home, he
fent and + called for his friends, and qZe-
refh his wife.
1 1 And r Haman told them of the
glory of his riches, and the multitude of
his children, and all the things wherein
the king had promoted him, and how he
had advanced him above the princes and
fervants of the king.
1 2 Haman faid moreover, Yea, Efther
the queen did let no man come in with

A gallorvs is made for Mordecah
the king unto the banquet that flie had £^_5J*
prepared but myfelf; and 5 to-morrow Trta,.z1.1.itn7.
am I invited to her alfo with the king. tju'i',?}*^.
13 Yet 'all this availeth me nothing tJIb ft V.1,;"."'
fo long as I fee Mordecai the Jew fitting
at the king's gate.
' 14 f Then faid » Zerefh his wife and "£*£?
all his friends unto him, Let a gallows
be made of fifty cubits high, and to
morrow fpeak thou unto the king that
Mordecai may be hanged thereon ; then
x go thou in merrily with the king unto "S.'ks2
the banquet. And the thing pleafed -Ha
man, and y he caufed the gallows to be y ^l^fftZ
made.

'4- 2 Sam.
Kin. 21,
25.2Chr.22. 3,4.

A xCh.!.is.i<ov.ii„

3. 15, ch.7. 10.

CHAP. VI.
Now it begins to appear how wifely the providence of
God had deferred queen Efther' s requeft for her
people. (1) In that very night, providence, by a
wonderful feries of things, recommends Mordecai to
king Ahafuerus' high favour; I, 2, 3. (2) Haman,
who had come in to incenfe the king againft him, and
haften his ignominious death, is, to his inexpreffible
grief, made the inftrument of the high honours done ti
him; 4 — 11. (3) From this beginning Haman's
friends juftly predift his ruin; 12, 13, 14.

o

N a that night * could not the king -cen.

2. 14. DeiTE.
32. 36. 1 Sam. 2.--

» Heb. the king's
Jleep /ltd away.

fleep; and he commanded to bring l&fcAXiJu;
r 9 o 11. 33. pi. 33. xo>
the b book of records of the chronicles :
and they were read before the king.
2 And it was c found written, That* [J**
Mordecai had told of d fJigthana and Te- ,6- '*'
refh, two of the king's chamberlains, the d ct^r
keepers of the + door, who fought to lay tHeb.rtr<>w.
hand on the king Ahafuerus.
2 And the king faid, c What honour eGai.6.9.Mai.3.ti5,
and dignity hath been done to Mordecai
for this ? Then faid the king's fervants
that miniftered unto him, There is no
thing done for him.
4 % And the king faid, Who is in the

Reflections upon Chap. V. — Prudence and courage muft
be joined to our prayers if we would fucceed in any work for God.
And a plentifuj harveft of joy fhall they reap who fow in the tears
and mourning of faith. They, who venture all for God, fhall find
him able to do for them unfpeakably better than their moft fan-
guine hopes. While himfelf is eafily acceflible, calling out
none that come to him, he can difpofe the fpirits of the haughtieft
princes to whatever he pleafes. But, in our dealing with great
men, it is beft firft to conciliate their affection before we afk im
portant favours : and to watch the favourable moment is the beft
way to enfure fuccefs. They, who are careful to pleafe God,

need neither fear nor care who are difpleafed with them for fo
doing. But pitiful and miferable is the condition of the proud.
Eafily they are puffed up with that which is intended to ruin
them, and unmeafurably fretted at that which could never hurt
them. Their pride and difcontentment create them numberlefs
miferies, and rob them of the enjoyment of their mercies: and
the curfe of God is often vifible upon them in the midft of all
their great pofleflions. But it is unhappy for proud fpirits to have
rafh and imprudent advifers, who fpur them on to the moft de-
bafing refentment. And bafe are thofe minds which promote
revenge, even the loweft, with alertnefe and pleafure.
6

Mordecai is publicly honoured.

CHAP. VI. VII.

Haman is greatly difpirited.

Before Chrifl
509, or 453.
f Ch. 4- «• Sc 5. 1.
t Ch. $. 14. & 7- 9-
Jobr. 13. Pf. 2.4,
& 11, jo. Mic. 7.
8,9-

court ? (Now Haman' was come into the
f outward court of the king's houfe, to
fpeak unto the king to s hang Mordecai

& Heb. in wfofe ht-
mur tht Hng de-
Usktcih.?f.'lS-*7<
iPf. 10. 13. If. 10.
7—14. Obad. %.
Prov. 18. 12. &
16. 18.
It Job 5.11-13-
}Heb. in whofe ha*
ootir the i «_ de
lighteth.
||Hcb.Ifi them bring
the royal apparel,
*#eb. wherewith the
hitgdotbeth himfelf.
1 1 Kin. 1. 1\.

*Heb. tauft him to
ride.
m Cen. 41, 4J.

Ajol>5. it— ij. Mic.
;, 8. Luke 14. 11.

t Heb. fafer not a
whit to fail.

on the gallows that he -had prepared for
him). 5 And the king's fervants faid unto
him, Behold, Haman ftandeth in the
court. And the king faid, Let him come
in. 6 So Haman came in : and the king
faid unto him, What fhall be done unto
the man h whom the king delighteth to
honour ? (Now Haman * thought in his
heart, To whom would the king delight
to do honour more than to myfelf?)
7 And Haman k anfwered the king,
For the man + whom the king delighteth
to honour,
8 II Let the royal apparel be brought
* which the king ufeth to wear, and the
1 horfe that the king rideth upon, and
the crown royal which is fet upon his
head :
9 And let this apparel and horfe be
delivered to the hand of one of the king's
moft noble princes, that they may array
the man withal whom the king delighteth
to honour, and + bring him on horfeback
through the ftreet of the city, and m pro
claim before him, Thus fhall it be done
to the man whom the king delighteth to
honour. 10 Then the king faid to Haman,
n Make hafte, and take the apparel, and
the horfe, as thou haft faid, and do even
fo to Mordecai the Jew, that fitteth at
the king's gate: * let nothing fail of all
that thou haft fpoken.

Then

1 1 1 nen u took Haman the apparel, 509^53.
and the horfe, and arrayed Mordecai, 0Ezra6..,.mue,.
and brought him on horfeback through l^&'spist
the ftreet of the city, and proclaimed
before him,. Thus fhall it be done unto
the man whom the king delighteth to
honour. 12 ^f And Mordecai p came again to p*1"-1"-*'1-
the king's gate : but Haman hafted to his
houfe mourning, and 1 having his head q y-T^' 1°. '!r*
- C7 O Prov. 11. B. fc 1.
covered. 3i-&2i.i8.pi.9.
13 And Haman told Zerefh his rwife r 01.5.10-14.
and all his friends every thing that had
befallen him. Then faid his swife men ss%ln]z\n!l&.
and Zerefh his wife unto him, c If Mor- t^'f
decai be of the feed of the Jews, before 1^'ielfiT'
whom thou haft begun to fall, thou fhalt z^'
not prevail againft him, but fhalt furely
fall before him.
14 And while they were yet talking
with him came the king's chamberlains,
and u hafted to bring Haman unto the u£'£37G.Deu&
banquet that Efther had prepared.
CHAP. VII.
Here, ( I ) Ahafuerus and Haman being fet down to
Efther' s fecond banquet, Jhc, encouraged by the king,
prefents her petition for the prefervation of her own
and her people's life; I — 4. (2) Upon the king's
inquiry, fhe informs him that Haman, to the great
hurt of the .king, had fixed a plot for their utter de-
Jiruclion; 4,5,6. (3) Hereupon, after fome further
enragement, Ahafuerus gives orders io hang Haman
upon the high gallows ivhich he had prepared for
Mordecai, which is done; 7 — 10.
SO the king and Haman came * to * Hcb- '"'"**•
banquet with Efther the queen.
2 And the king faid again unto Efther
on the fecond day at the banquet of wine,
aWhat is thy petition, queen Efther ? ach, 5.1s. &i.«.

Reflections upon Chap. VI. — How unfearchable are God's
judgments, and his ways paft finjding out! By the moft infignifi-
cant trifles can he promote his moft important purpofes. Happy
are thofe who have the fleep of his beloved granted to them : or,
if their eyes be debarred from reft, can employ their minds in fweet
furveys of the annals of redeeming love! The natural law of gra
titude, even towards the meaneft inferior, is binding upon the con
feience. But how little notice earthly princes take of their mean
fervants and friends, when they often know not whether their im
portant fervices have been rewarded or not ! Nay, often the greateft
merits and beft fervices are leaft rewarded at courts. That mo
defty and felf-denial, which are of fo great price before God,
hinder men's preferment in this world ; whilft forward flatterers
thruft themfelves into honours. The longer we have neglected
to recompenfe favours done us, we fliould the more abundantly

reward them at laft. But pride and ambition are never fatisfied
with the moft accumulated honours. And it is dangerous for
courtiers to have too high an opinion of their own merits, and of
their intereft with princes, or to prefume on more than they really
have. Kings ought always to delight in honouring the deferving,
and encouraging thofe that do well. But how confounding is it
to proud fpirits to be obliged to confer that honour on the diftin
guifhed objects of their hatred and contempt which they had carved
out for themfelves! Miferable comforters, in a day of diftrefs, are
thofe who flatter us in the time of our profperity : and it is in vain
to fight againft thofe whom God protects. But none hurry fafter
downwards than falling favourites at courts. And fad prefages of
approaching ruin often feize upon finners before deftruction comes
upon them to the uttermoft.

Haman's wickednefs detected, ESTHER.
and it fliall be granted thee : and what is
thy requeft ? and it fhall be performed,

and himfelf hanged.

Before Chrift
509, or 453.

even to the half of the kingdom
3 Then Efther the queen anfwered
and faid, If I have found favour in thy
fight, O king, and if it pleafe the king,
Met my life be given me at my petition,
and my people at my requeft :
4 For we are c fold, I and my people,
+ to be deftroyed, to be flain, and to
perifh. But, if we had been fold for
d bond-men and bond-women, I had held
my tongue, although the enemy could

20. 19.

cCh. 3-9—13- Sc4-
-7.*-
f Heb. that they
¦ fhould defiroy, and
kill, and cauje to
fenfh.
d Jofh. 9. 23. Neh.
5-5-

e Ch. 3. 9. Ezra 6.
16. Tit. 3. 8, 14.
If. 6. 1,3. Prov. 12.
Z<s.

although
not countervail the king's e damage.

an-

$ Heb. whole heart
hath filed hsn.

f Eccl. 5. 8. Pf. 139.
21, 22.
|| Heb. The man
aisveijary.

% Job 29. 22. Sc 1;
21, 22. Sc 18. 5— fL „
«. Pi'; 62. 9. LUC

5 ^[ Then the king Ahafuerus
fwered and faid unto Efther the queen,
Who is he, and where is he, + that durft
prefume in his heart to do fo ?
6 And Efther f faid, !l The adverfary
and enemy is this wicked Haman. Then
Haman was s afraid before the king and
queen.
7 ^[ And the king, anting from -the
11 wi&ibHr'9' banquet of wine in his h wrath, went into
i prov. 14. i9. & 28. the palace garden: and Haman 'flood up
to make requeft for his life to Efther the
queen; k for he faw that there was evil
determined againft him by the king.
8 Then the king returned out of the
palace garden into the place of the ban
quet of wine ; and Haman was l fallen
upon the bed whereon Efther was. Then
faid the king, Will he force the queen alfo
before me in the houfe ? As the word
went out of the king's mouth they
m covered Haman's face.
9 And n Harbonah, one of the cham
berlains, faid before the king, Behold
« Heb. tr,e. alfo the * gallows, fifty cubits high, which

k Prov. 19. 12. Sc
16, 14,

ICh.l.6.&8. 3. If.
43.14. Sc Acs. 23.

si Job 9.24. If. 22.17.
is Ch, 1. 10, Sc 6. tit.

Reflections upon Chap. VII. — God often ftrangely ani
mates his enemies in power to encourage his people's requefts for
favour. And a tender regard for natural life at ftake makes us
very earneft in fupplicating deliverance : and furely then we ought
to be much more earneft for the life of our own and others' fouls.
The moft ruinous and wicked projects are often laid to gvatify
men's finful lufts. And, though perfecution ofthe people of God
is not only impious, but even exceedingly detrimental to the ftate,
where nothing can repair the lofs of pious and induftrious fubjects,
how often is it pra'ctifed ! Men are ready often to ftartle at the
mention of that very wickednefs to which they had given their
confent ! And fin generally becomes vexatious and burdenfome at
the laft. That is often done thoughtlefsly, with which, on a mo-

Haman had made for Mordecai, who ° had^ sB0^°rorc|g?.
fpoken good for the king, ftandeth. in the o ch. ». i*-23. &
houfe of Haman. Then the king faid,
Hang him thereon.
10 So they r hanged Haman on the >?6T9&k
gallows that he had prepared for Mofde- Frov.',,. el!&?i.
o  r r „ . 8. & 21. 18. Dan.
6. 7, 24.

cai.fied.

Then was the king's wrath q

paci

t_Ezek. 16.63.
Zech. 6. 8.

o

CHAP. VIII.,
Haman himfelf being hanged, his plots to enrich him
felf and deftroy the Jews are defeated. (1) His
eftate being confifcated, is given to Efther and Mor
decai; 1,2. (2) Efther earneft ly intercedes for
the reverfal of the murderous edicl againft her
nation; 3 — 6. (3) Becaufe the Perfian laws did
not admit of a reverfal, a new edicl is publifhed, em
powering the Jews to ftand in their own defence ;
7 — 14. (4) This occafions great joy to the Jews
and all their friends ; 15—17.
N that day adid the king Ahafuerus a^-%V7'3|r„J;b
give the houfe of Hamaa, the Jews' ,3: ": * ~ ":
enemy, unto Efther the queen. And Mor
decai bcame before the king ; for Efther " 'i\\p witl*
had told what he was unto her.
2 And the king took off c his ring, cch.3.io.
which he had taken from Haman, and
gave it unto Mordecai. And Efther d fet i}&?^l
Mordecai over the houfe of Haman.
3 5[ And Efther fpake yet again before
the king, and e fell down at his feet, *and
befought him with tears to put away the
f mifchief of Haman the Agagite, and his
device that he had devifed againft the
Jews. 4 Then the king e held out the golden
fceptre toward Efther. So Efther arofe,
and ftood before the king,
5 And faid, If it pleafe the king, and
if I have found favour in his fight, and
the thing feem right before the

e 1 Sam. 25. 24.
2 Kin. 4. 37. Heb.
5.7. Neh. 1. 4, If.
38. j.
* Heb. and fhe wept,
and befought him.
fCh. 3. 8-15. Scj.
a. Job 5. 11-15.

;Ch. 4. 11. See. :.

king,

ment's cool reflection, we cannet but be fhocked. Many feem
amazed at the wickednefs of others, who overlook the fame, or a
greater, in themfelves. And accomplices' in guilt quickly be
come the bittereft enemies one to another. How dejected in ad-
verfity are thofe who were~ moft proud in profperity. The moft
infolent enemies of God's people may quickly be glad to bow at
their feet. And every motion creates fufpicion againft a man whofe
character is once proved infamous and abandoned. All hands will
eagerly help down with falling courtiers; and the ruin of the
wicked comes upon them in an inftant ! Yea the enemies of God's
church are aftonifhingly taken in their own craftinefs, and have
their pride brought down, their perfecution punifhed, and their
mifchief returned on their head. ,

Edicl fpeedily publifhed for the
and I b e h

CHAP. VIII.

-Before ChriR
.509, or 453.
t\ Prov. S- 19- ch.
17-
i Heb. the advice.
Ch. 3. 12, 13.
f Or who wrote.

Ic Heb. he able that I
¦ may fee. Neh. 2. 3
Amos 6. 6. Jer

&2.35-J* Mic. I. 8, 9.

4. 19

pleafing in his eyes, let it be
written to reverfe ' the letters devifed
by Haman the fon of Hammedatha the
Agagite, + which he wrote to deftroy
the Jews which are in all the king's pro
vinces :
6 For how can I k endure to fee the
Xc'it^?. evil that fliall come unto my people ? or
how can I endure to fee the deftruction
of my kindred ?
7 % Then the king Ahafuerus faid
unto Efther the queen, and to Mordecai
the Jew, Behold, ' I have given Efther
the houfe of Haman, and him they have
hanged upon the gallows, becaufe he laid
his hand upon the Jews.
8 Write ye alfo for the Jews, as it
liketh you, m in the king's name, and feal
it with the king's ring: for the writing
which is written in the-king's name, and
usee ch. 1. 19. Dan. fealed with the king's ring, "may no man
6. 8, 12, 15. O J

I Ver.-J. ch. 7. ib.

si Ch. 3. 12,

a Ch. 3. 12. Pf. 30.
5, 10. Jer. 30. 17.

y Ch. I. I, 22. & 3
12. 2 Cor. 7. 6.

T[ Ch. 3. 12. Eccl. 8.
4. Dan. 5. 19.

J I Sam, 21.8. If. 60.
6. Sc 66. 20. Jer. a-.

reverfe. 9 Then were the king's fcribes called
at that time in the "third month, that
is the month Sivan, on the three and
twentieth day thereof; and it was written
(according to all that Mordecai com
manded) p unto the Jews, and to the lieu
tenants, and the deputies and rulers of
the provinces which are from India unto
Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and feven
provinces, unto every province according
to the writing thereof, and unto every
people after their language, and to the
Jews according to their writing, and ac
cording to their language.
10 And he wrote qin the king Ahafue- king's

rus' name, and fealed it with the
ring, and fent letters by poft on r horfe-

Jews to defend themfelves.
5 on mules, camels, at,

Before Chrift
509,01-453.

tflpll* s I Kin. 20. 22. #f.
LUCU 94. 16. Eccl. 9.5.

t Ch. 9. 10, is, 16.
Deut. 2. 35, Jofh.
II. 14.

u Ch. 3. 13. Ss g.
Exod". 15. 9,

Judg. 1
7,2.

6, 7. Mat.

back, and rider;
young dromedaries :
1 1 Wherein the king granted the Jews
which were in every city to gather them
felves together, and 5to ftand for
life, to deftroy, to flay, and to caufe to
perifh, all the power of the people and
province that would affault them, both
little ones and women, and- to l take the
fpoil of them for a prey,
1 2 Upon u one day in all the provinces
of king Ahafuerus, namely, upon the thir
teenth day of the twelfth month, which
is the month Adar.
1 3 The copy of the writing for a com
mandment to be given in every province
was + publifhed unto all people, and that t ha. «»_««.
the Jews fhould be ready againft that day
to x avenge themfelves on their enemies. ^liV,'^^
14 So the pofts that rode upon mules
and camels went out,
and preffed on by the king's command
ment. And the decree was given at
Shufhan the palace.
1 5 ^[ And Mordecai went out from the
prefence of the king in z royal apparel
of I' blue and white, and with a great
crown of gold, and with a garment of
fine linen and purple: and the city of
Shufhan a rejoiced and was glad.
16 The Jews had Might, and gladnefs, b ««_"¦¦'¦
and joy, and honour,

92.7,9,23. Prov.
Zt. 18.

8.&

haftenedy^E,c5ci.,9S,S:

z Mat. 11. 8. Cen.
41. 42. 1 Sam. 2. 30.

aCh. 3.1;. Pf. 30.5,
11. Prov. 29. 2.

4. 2 Sam. 22. 29.
Job 18. 5, 6. II.
43.4.

17 And in every province, and in
every city, whitherfoever the king's com
mandment and his decree came, the Jews
had joy and gladnefs, a c feaft and a good 'M;*^

Pf. 68. 10.

day. And many of the people of the land
d became Jews ; for the fear of th» Jews d SUVzjt*'
fell upon them.

'Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — This world is but a chang
ing fcene. The favour even of kings is precarious; and riches
make to themfelves wings, and fly away. Men often lay up
wealth, little thinking to whom it fhall at laft pertain, whether to
a friend or a foe. The ten thoufand talents, which were lately
offered as the price of the Jews' blood, now become the property
of them whofe lives were marked out for a prey. How juft is the
judgment of God; and with what care fhould we make lure thofe
riches which will not be left behind, but will go with us into ano
ther world! Surely then the lives and interefts of God's people
ought to lie the neareft to our hearts ! And no advancement muft
make us to forget our poor relations. It is proper to prefent our
Vol. I.

petitions to God or men with earneftnefs, and attended with the
utmoft modefty. Though we have juftice on our fide, it becomes
us, as inferiors, to ufe entreaty. Men's mifchief often furvives
them. They murder, even after their death, by the laws which
they have made, the projects which ftey have fet on foot, and the
writings and fentiments which they have propagated. But abfurd
and entangling are thofe laws which have pride for their fource
and bafis. And there is great need to haften the relief when meri's
lives are in danger : for when we have done wrong we cannot too
quickly prevent the mifchievous confequences of it. God quickly
turns his people's mourning into joy. And his alarming provi
dences in their favour, effectually determine others to join them.
4Z

^be Jews Jtand in their defence ,

ESTHER.

and cut off* their enemies.

Before Chrift
509, or 453.

aCh. 3. 7, 13. Job
xi. ao.

fe Pf. 7- l6. & Q. TJ»
l6. & 30. IT. Sc
jz6. 5. Peat. 32.
35, j6. Gen. 22.14.
Eccl. 9. iz.

c Ch..8. ti. ver. 15,
16. jofh. it-. zo.
Prov. 11. 8. & zi.
18. Dan. 6. 7, 24.

dCh. 8. 17. Gen. 3$.
5. Exod. 23. 27.
Deut. 11. z. Jofh.
a. 9. Gen. zi. 22.

* Heb. thofe ivhkh
dtdths Infixes that
belonged u the
king.

e Prov. 16. 7.

f 2 5am. %. 1. PT. t.
Ji 4- & 37- 3", 3»-
&Q2. 7 — 12. Prov.
4. 18.
g iThef. 1.6. Dcir.
J2. ;;, 36. Pi", it.
, 3i— 4»-

f Heb. according to
their sail!.

h Exod. T7.T4. Deu.t.
25. 17, iv. I Sam.
15. 3. Wo 27. 14.
¦ Pf. 21. 10.
i Ver. 15, 16. Col. 4.
c. 1 Cor. tc. iz.
Rim. 12. 17. ?!»!,
4. 8. Gen. 14. 23.
ml. cl.. 8. 11.

CHAP. IX.
Now the critical day of the contrary edicts is come in
the Perfian empire ! Here we are informed ( I ) What
a glorious day of viclory and triumph that and the
day following were, that year, to the Jews at Shu
fhan, where Hainan's ten fons were hanged; and in
all the reft of the king's provinces; i — 19. (2) What
a memorable feafon of joy, generofity, and benevo
lence,^ it was afterwards made, by the yearly feaft of
Purim, inftituted to commemorate this great deliver
ance ; 20 — 32.
NOW in the a twelfth month, that is
the month Adar, on the thirteenth
day of the fame, when the king's com
mandment and his decree drew near to
be put in execution, in the day that the
enemies of the Jews hoped to have power
. over them, (though it b was turned to
the contrary, that the Jews had rule over
them that hated them) ;
2 The Jews c gathered themfelves to
gether in their cities throughout all the
provinces of the king Ahafuerus, to lay
hand on fuch as fought their hurt : and
no man could withftand them ; for d the
fear of them fell upon all people.
2 And all the rulers of the provinces,
and the lieutenants, and the deputies, and
r officers of the king, e helped the Jews ;
becaufe the fear of Mordecai fell upon
them. 4 For Mordecai was great in the king's
houfe, and his fame went out throughout
all the provinces: for this man Mordecai
f waxed greater and greater.
5 Thus the & Jews fmote all their
enemies with the ftroke of the fword,
and flaughter and deftruction, and did
"i" what they would unto thofe that hated
them. 6 And in Shufhan the palace the Jews
flew and deftroyed five hundred men.
7 And Parfhandatha, and Dalphon,
and Afpatha,
8 And Poratha, and Adalia, and Ari-
dafha, 9 And Parmafhta, and Arifai, and Ari-
dai,. and Vajezatha,
10 hThe ten fons of Haman the fon of
Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews,
flew they ; but ' on the fpoil laid they not
their hand.

1 1 On that day the number of thofe
that were flain in Shufhan the palace
+ was brought before the king.
12 f And the king faid unto Efther
the queen, The Jews have flain and de-t
ftroyed five hundred men in Shufhan the
palace, and the ten fons of Haman ; what
have they done in the reft of the king's
provinces? now k what is thy petition?
and it fhall be granted thee : or what
is thy requeft further? and it fhall be
done. 1 2 Then faid Efther, ' If it pleafe the
king, let it be granted to the Jews who
are in Shufhan to do to-morrow alfo ac
cording unto this day's decree, and m let
Haman's ten fons be hanged upon the
gallows. 14 And the king commanded it fo to
be done : and the decree was given at
Shufhan ; and they hanged Haman's ten
fons. 1 5 For the "Jews that were in Shufhan
gathered themfelves together on the four
teenth day alfo of the month Adar, and
flew three hundred men at Shufhan ; ' but
0 on the prey they laid not their hand,
16 But the other Jews that were in
the king's provinces gathered themfelves
together, and p ftood for their lives, and
had reft from their enemies, and flew of
their foes feventy and five thoufand, (but
they laid not their hands on the prey),
1 7 On the thirteenth day of the rjionth
Adar : and on the fourteenth day U of the
fame refted they, and made it a day 1 of
feafting and gladnefs. . -
18 But the Jews that were at Shufhan
affembled together on the thirteenth day
thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof:
and on the fifteenth day of the fame they
refted, and made it a day of feafting and
gladnefs. 19 Therefore the Jews of the villages,
that dwelt in the un walled towns, made
the fourteenth day of the month Adar a
day r of gladnefs. and feafting, and a good
day, and of fending portions one to an
other. 20 % And Mordecai8 wrote thefe things,

Before Chrifl
509, or 453.
X Heb. tame.

k Ch, 5. 6. & 7. 2,

I CM 4, 8. & 7 1.
oc a. 5.

m Heb. let men hang,
2 Sam. 21. 6. ch.
5. 11, 13. ver. to.
Pf. 46. 8. & 66. 5.
& 109. 8. Exod.
20. 5. If. 14; 20—
21.

n Heb. 11. 11. Pf,'
118. 7—13.

o Ver. io. r6. Hefr.
r?. 5. 1 Cor. 6. 12.
1 Thei. 5. 22.

p Ch.8. it. Lev. 26.
7. 8. Pf. 1$. 34— >

[j Heb. fn ;f.
ci Neh. 8. 10. Eccl.
io, 19. Gen. 21.61
Pf. 118. 11—19.
Exod. t;. 1— ii.
Deut. 16. il> 14*

r Neh. 3. io— }%>
v._r. 22. ch. ':'¦. 17.
s The hiftory of thU
memorable deli
verance, i Chr.
16. iz. Pf. ^5. .fr—
12. &1Z4. 1* *• &
116. 1— 5. 2 Cor.
1. 10,11. Col. j. 10.

f'he Jews efablifh afefivalfor

C H A P. IX. X. remembering their great deliverance.

Before Chrift
509, or 453.

tRom. 11. 15. Exod.
13- 3.

oCh. 3.12, 13. with
*er. 2— 16. Pf. 9.
1,2. Sc %t\, 1,4- cc
10$. 1. & 116. 13
-iS.

jc Neh. 8. it>— li.
ver. 17— 10. c.l.
S.t7.

yCh._._-i_.

z Ch. 3. 7. ver. 26,
28.
* Heb. crttjb.

a Heb. ivi en the cam*.
Ch.7. 5— IC.&8.
»— 14. AC 9. 1— 14.

fe Num. 16. 4*. E^^
39. ti.
t That ij, Xsf.

c Deut. y. 3. & 29.
14, 15. Jofh. 9. 15.
with 2Sam. 21. 1,

% Heb. /j"i

and fent letters unto all the. Jews that were
in all the provinces ofthe king Ahafuerus,
both nigh and far,
21 To ftablifh this among them, that
they c fhould keep the fourteenth day of
the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of
the fame, yearly;
22 u As the days wherein the Jews
refted from their enemies, and the month
which was turned unto them from for
row to joy, and from mourning into a
good day : that they fhould x make them
days of feafting and joy, and of fending
portions one to another, and gifts to the
poor. 23 And the Jews undertook to do as
they had begun, and as Mordecai had
written unto them ;
24 Becaufe y Haman the fon of Ham
medatha the Agagite, the enemy of all
the Jews., had devifed againft the Jews
to deftroy them, and had caft z Pur, that
is the lot, to * confume them, and to
deftroy them :
25 But, a when Efher came before the
king, he commanded by letters that his
wicked device, which he devifed againft
the Jews, fhould return upon his own
head, and that he and his fons fhould be
hanged on the gallows.
26 Wherefore they called thefe days
b Purim, after the name of + Pur. There
fore, for all the words of this letter, and
of that which they had feen concerning
this matter, and which had come uiito
them, 27 The Jews ordained, and c took upon
them, and upon their feed, and upon all
fuch as joined themfelves unto them, "fo
as it fliould not + fail, that they would

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — How ftrangely finners are
infatuated to their own deftruction; and obftinate revenge is deaf
to all admonition. Fight they will, though both the hand of God
and men be lifted up againft them ! But great numbers are friends
or enemies to the people of God, juft as the fmiles of great men
wind about: and pitiful is the work which the wicked have in hand
when the terrors of God and the terrors of great men concur to
diC-nay them. We may make the boldeft attempts when not only
great men favour us, but the great God fights for us. And it is
glorious when, in the moft defperate war, the laws of felf-denial,
humanity, and pity, are ftrictly regarded. Never fhould the
people of God appear fel.lfh, worldly, or covetous. And, if we

f If. 59. 8. Zech. 8.
I,;. Horn. 15. 5.
Eph. 4. ;, ij:
I Tncl. 2.13 Heb.
12. 14. Jam. J. 17.

keep thefe two days according to their ^"1^.
writing, and according to their appointed
time, every year;
28 And dthat thefe days fhould be re- d l^f^'l^.
membered, and kept throughout every {ll'tft1'14'™'
generation, every family, every province,
and every city; and that thefe days of
Purim fhould not II fail from among the » Heb- <•*''¦
Jews, nor the memorial of them * perifh •lfcb-*""*"'-
from their feed.
20 Then Efther the queen, the daugh
ter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew,
wrote with + all authority to confirm this t Heb, *-/>™.i*.
fecond letter of Purim.
30 And he fent the letters unto all the
Jews, to e the hundred twenty and feven e ch' '¦ '• & 8- »¦
provinces of the kingdom of Ahafuerus,
with f words of peace and truth,
2 1 To confirm thefe days of Purim in
their times appointed, according as Mor
decai the Jew and Efther the queen had
enjoined them, and as they had decreed
+ for themfelves and for their feed, the tH<*./-.r/*«v/.«'r.
matters of the s faftings and their cry. gch.4.,6.joa.2.^
32 And the decree of Efther confirmed
thefe matters of Purim ; and it was written
in the book.
CHAP. X.
Here we are told ( I ) How great, powerful, and ex-
ailing, a king Ahafuerus was ; 1,2. (2) How great
and ufeful Mordecai, his favourite, was; 3.
ND the king Ahafuerus a laid a tri
bute upon the land, and upon the
b ifles of the fea.
2 And c all the acts of his power and
1 c I Kin, IT.41.&14.
of his might, and the declaration of the ^-t^^^n-
greatnefs of Mordecai, whereunto the
king d advanced him, are they not written d "«;."h-'is'.1s.
in the book ofthe chronicles of the kings ' ls' ,5'
of Media and Perfia r

a Luke 2. 1. ch. 1. 1,
Sc$. 11. Horn. ia.
7,8.
b Leffer Afia and i» ,
ille,. D.ui. 11. 1*.
Gen. 10. 5.

receive fignal mercies, from God, our thankful returns ought to be
quick and fpeedy; while they are yet frefh in our minds, and the
impreffions of them moft feniible. Nor ought aftonifhing deliver
ances, and their circumftances, ever to be forgotten. Remem
brance of fuch ought to encourage us in every fubfequent diftrefs.
Yet there is great need to beware, left what is well intended at firft
fhould, by degrees, become an occafion of wickednefs. Nothino-
more purifies the heart, and adorns religion, than holy joy in God
through our Lord Jefus Chrift. And nothing more pollutes the
heart, and rtproacb.es religion, than carnal mirth and f|nfual
pleafure.
4 Z %

The greatnefs and ufefulnefs

ESTHER.

Before Chrift
508, or 45s.
e Gen. 41. 40—44.
z Chr. 28. 7.
1 Sam. 2 J. 17.
fCh, 3.1. Luke a. 52.

3 For Mordecai the Jew was e next
unto king Ahafuerus, and great among
the Jews, and f accepted of the multi-

Reflections upon Chap. X. — It is a great mercy, in ah ar
bitrary government, when the weaknefs or wickednefs of the mo
narch is balanced by the good qualities of the minifter of ftate.

of Mordecai as a ruler in Perfia,
tude of his brethren, « feeking^the wealth ^*£
of his people, and fpeaking peace to all gleTr^HT^:
his feed. or I^'9'^

They only are truly great whofe power and dignity are employed
for the public good. But alas ! how unfubftantial the whole pomp,
grandeur, and wealth, of this world, which fo foon pafs away !

The

BOOK

of

J O B.

'the book of Job was perhaps written by Elihu, or Mofes, or rather by Job himfelf; and the firft two chapters, and part ofthe-
loft, by Mofes or Samuel. It is, for the fubftance of it, a true hiftory of real falls. Job is reprefented as really exiftent as ¦
Noah or Daniel; Ezek. xiv. 14, 20. ; and as a patient fufferer who obtained a joyful deliverance; Jam. v. 11. It
is an ancient hiftory. The length of Job's life; the rare ufe of the divine name of Jehovah, and frequent ufe o/Shaddai,
or Almighty and All-fuffident ; the remarkable remains of religion in the land of Uz and the places about ; the mentioning of
no other idolatry but that of worfhipping the fun and moon ; the never making any plain allufion to the dividing of the Red Sea,
or to the appearance of God to the Ifraelites in the wildernefs, which lay at no great diftance from the land of Uz ; ftrongly
tempt one to think that Job's diftrefs might be about the time when Mofes lived in the land of Midian, or perhaps an hundred
years before. We have here ( 1 ) The hiftory of Job's fufferings, and his remarkable patience under them, iffuing in a fad
mixture of human weaknefs, in his curfing the day of his birth ; chap. i. ii. iii. (2) A hot difpute between him and Eliphaz,
Bildad, and Zophar, his friends, Whether remarkable judgments be certain tokens of the wickednefs of thofe upon
whom they are inflicted. The aim of Job is to bewail bis own affliction, complain of its weight, juftify himfelf from
grofs wickednefs or hypocrify, and prove that wicked men often profper in this world, zvhile the godly are expofed to manifold
calamities. The fcope of his friends is to prove, that no good man is fiubjecled to extraordinary calamities, but that the moft
wicked men ordinarily are; and hence to condemn Job as an hypocrite, becaufe of his uncommon troubles; iv — xxxi. (3) A
decifion of the difpute ; firft by Elihu, another of Job's friends, and then by God himfelf. The aim of Elihu is to leave Jobxs
ftate undetermined, or even to admit it to be good ; and only to charge him with his mifbehaviour under his trouble as too
arrfigant and felf-juftifying, efpecially when he had to do with a God of infinite fovereignty, greatnefs, power, zvifdom, and
juftice. The fcope of Jehovah' s fpeech is to convince Job of his meannefs, and of his own infinite power, greatnefs, and ex
tenfive influence ; and thereby lead him into a fenfe of his iniquity, in infifting fio much upon his own juftification, and com
plaining fo unguardedly -of the providence of God: — and at laft he juftifies him, in oppofition to his three friends, in his cha
racter and fentiments; xxxii. — xiii. (4) The whole iffues in Job's great honour and redoubled profperity; xiii. In this
book we have at once a moft noted encouragement to patience, and a fyftem of the moft ancient believers' apprehenfions and
faith concerning the wifdom, power, hoiinefs, juftice, goodnefs, and fovereignty, of God; and concerning his zvorks of creation
and providence ; concerning the original and atlual corruption of mankind ; concerning redemption by Chrift, and the ufefulnefs
of good works ; and, in fine, concerning the refurretlion of the dead and eternal life.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

CHAP. I.
Informs us (i) Of Job' s great piety in general, and in
refipecl to his children; I, 5. (2) Of his uncommon
profperity and wealth ; 2, 3, 4- (3) Of the malice
of Satan againft him, and the permiffion granted

him by God to try his conftancy in religion; 6 — 12.
(4) Of the furprifing calamities which by Satan's
agency, through robbers, lightning, and whirlwind,
quite rujned his eftate, and killed his fervants and
childr.enf; 13 — 19. (5) Of Job's patience and
holy refignation to the will of God under thefe trou
bles; 20 — 22.

^HERE was a man in the land of
a Uz, whofe name was b Job;
and that man was t perfect, and
and one that feared God and

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
a Gen. ic. 23. or 22.
21. or Lam. 4. 21.
b Gen. 10. 20. Sc 36.
33, 34. E2ek. 14..
14. Jam. j. 11.
c Gen. 6.9. Luke 1.
2 And there were d born unto him feven %£]§!%?'
vet. 8. 2 Cor. I.
12. Tit. 2. II, 12.
dPr.127. 3,4.&128.
3—5-
c Mat. 6, 33. iTim.
4.8.
* Os until. IGm. 13. s— i.Sc 3S. 6,7. Num. ji. 32— 34. Judg. 6, 5. aKin. 3,-4. aCbr. 17- "•

upright, efchewed evil

fons and three daughters.
3 e His * fubftance. alfo f
thoufand fheep, and three

was feven
thoufand'

J0s gnat ftlety and profperity..

CHAP. I.

Satan's great malice againf him.

. Before Chrift
cir.' 1 520.

f Or husbandry.
c Gen. 25. 6. Num.
i3. 7. Judg. 6. 3.

camels, and five hundred yoke of oxen,
and five hundred fhe affes, and a very
houfehold ; fo that this man
of all the men of 6 the

great

greateft

HPf. 133. 1. Heb. 13.
j.Prov,i8.24.Gen.lb. -tct.il, 31.54.

was the
eaft. 4 And his h fons went and feafted in
their houfes, every one his day ; and fent
and called for their three fifters to eat and
to drink with them.
5 And it was fo, when the days of

their feafting; were

gone

about, that

kPf. 5.5. & 63. 1.
Etcl. 9. 10. Rom.
12. 1 1. Gen. 22. 3.
ch. 42. 8. Lev . i.
1 iCor. II.

, sam. Vs. Ui. Job fent and 'fanctified them, and krofe
"¦SS-Neh.12.30. j 1 ¦ _i_ • 1 rr j
up early in the morning, and offered
burnt-offerings according to the num
ber of them all : for Job faid, x It may
¦niKin.21. 10,13. be that my fons have finned, and m curfed
Mat. 15. 19. »
1. Heb. aii, he dap. God in their hearts. Thus did Job "con-
Gal. 6. q. Mat. 24. . • ' 11
is- tinually.
0 joh'or8G7enDf2?' 6 % Now there was a day when the
iKil I'! 21 ° ^"ons °^ ^0(^ came to p prefent themfelves
i Heb. lo^^r/ir,. before the Lord, and + Satan came alfo
n-Hcb. in the midfi of \\ among them.
- them. D
7 And the Lord faid unto Satan,
Whence comeft thou ? Then Satan an
fwered the Lord, and faid, From ' going
to and fro in the earth, and from walking
up and down in it.
8 And the Lord faid unto Satan,
r Haft thou confidered s my fervant
Job, that there is % none like him in the
earth, a "perfect and an 'upright man,
one y that feareth God and z efcheweth
evil? 9 Then Satan anfwered the Lord, and
faid, Doth Job fear God for nought?
1 o Haft not thou a made an
about him, and about his houfe, and
about all that he hath, on every fide ?
thou haft b bleffed the work of his hands,
and his * fubftance is increafed in the
land. 1 1 But c put forth thine hand now,
and d touch all that he hath, + and he will
™™t'!t\'s7de!h" curfe thee to thy face.
•Mat. s. 31. john J2 And the Lord faid unto Satan, Be-
iHcb.w. hold, "all that he hath is in thy + power;
^icor.10.,,. iv. f only upon himfelf put not forth thine

q I Pet. 5. 8. Gen. 3.
15. with Zech. I.
JO, 11. Sc 6. 7.
a Kill. 5.2s. ch. 2.
2. Mat. 12. 43.
rHeb. Hafl thou fet
thy heart on ?
Luke £4. 3 1.
5 Num. 12. 6, 7.
Deut. 34. e. Pf.
89. 20. If. 42.1. Sc
49- 3- Rom. 1. 1.
Rev. 1. 1.
t Num. 12. 3. 1 Cor.
. 15. 10. Song 5. g —
* 16. Heb. 7. i6.
U-Pf. 18. 23. Sc 32. z.
1 John 1. 47.
xPf. 15. 2. If. 26.7.
Mat. 7. 12.
y 1 Kin. 18. 12. Neh.
5- IJ- & 7. 2. Afls
10. 2.
zPf.34.Ii.&37.27. If. I. 16. 1 Pet. 3.
11. i Thef. 5. 22.
aPf.80.12, 13. Sc 5.
Ii. & 34. 7. If. s.
2.5-
b pr. 90. 17. & 107.
38. & 128. 5.
Prov. 10. 22.
* Or cattle.
cCh. 2.5.1X5.25.
Ezek. 25. 7, 13,10.
d Gen. 26. 11. Ruth
, 2. 9- Pf. 105. 15.
Zech. 2. 8.

hedge

Reflections upon Chap. I. — God can eafily raife up in-
ftances of remarkable piety, even among wild Arnb=, and amidft
Wealth: and he delights to propagate the fame of fuch as are r >
6

hand. So Satan E went forth from the
prefence of the Lord.
13 ^[ And there was a day hwhen his
fons and his daughters were eatinp* and
drinking wine in their eldeft brother's
houfe :
14 And there came a meffenger unto
Job, and faid, The oxen were plowing,
and the affes feeding befide them,
1 5 And the Sabeans ' fell upon them,
and took them away; yea, they have
flain the fervants with the edge of the
fword ; and I k only am efcaped alone to
tell thee.
16 ' While he was yet fpeaking there
came alfo another, and faid, The m fire
of God is fallen from heaven, and hath
burned up the fheep, and the fervants,
and confumed them ; and I only am
efcaped alone to tell thee. .
1 7 While he was yet fpeaking there
came alfo another, • and faid, The' " Chal
deans made out three bands, and 1 fell
upon the camels, and have carried them
away; yea, and flain the fervants with the
edge of the fword ; and I only am efcaped
alone to tell thee.
1 8 ° While he was yet fpeaking there
came alfo another, and faid, Thy fons
and thy daughters were eating and drink
ing wine in their eldeft brother's houfe;
j 9 And, behold, there came p a great
wind * from the wildernefs, and fmote
the four corners of the houfe, and it ifell
upon the young men, and they are
dead ; and I only am efcaped alone to tell
thee. 20 Then Job r arofe, and rent his
t mantle, and fhaved his head, and 5 fell
down upon the ground, and worfhipped,
21 And faid, 'Naked came I out of
my mother's womb, and naked fhall I
u return thither : the Lord x gave, and
the Lord hath t taken away; blefled z be
the name of the Lord.
22 a In all this Job finned not, nor
* charged God fooliflily.

Before Chrift
cir. I 520.
g Rom. 3. 15. Prov,
4. 16. & 1. 16. If.
59.7. 1 Pet. 5. 8.
ch. 2. 7.
H Ver. 4. cb. 9, 12.
Prov. 27. I. Luke
21. 34.

1 Gen. to. 7, 28. &
25. 3. i. e, wild
Arabs.

k Ver. i(5, 17, 19.
1 Pet. 5. 8. Prov.
J2. 10.

1 Ver. 14, 15, 17, 18.
m Or A great f re,
lightning. Gen. 19.
24. I Kin. 18. 38.
Num. 11. I. Rev.
13. 13. witJlEph.

nlf. 23. 13. Gen. II.
28.
|| Heb. rufhed.

o Ver. 13—17. ch,
14. 1. Jam. 1. 2.
Pf- 34- 19-
p Dan. 7. 2. Jer. 4.
II, 12. Mat. 7. 27.
with Eph. 2. 2.
*Heb. front afide,Scc.
qMat.7. 27. Eccl. 9.
1, 2. John 9. 3.
Luke 13. 1 — 5.
Afts 28. ;. Deut.
32, 29. Mat. 24.
42,44.
r 2 Sam. 18. 3;. Gen.
37-29, 34- Jofh. 7.
6. Ezra' 9. 3. If.
15. 2.
t Or rohe.
s 1 Pet. 5. 6. Deut.
9. ii. Mat. 26. 39.
t Eccl. 5. 5. 1 Tim.
6. 7. Pf. 49. 17.
u Gen. 3. 19. Eccl.
12. 7. ch. 30. 23.
Heb. 9. 27.
x Gen. 33. 5, 11,
Jofh. 24. 3, 4.
Rom. 11. 36.
J Chr. 29. 14, 16.
y If. 42. 24. Amos 3.
6. 2 Sam. 16. 10.
Gen. 45. 5. 1 Kin.
12. 15. Mat. 20. 15.
z If. 24. 15. iThef.
5. 18. Pi. 34. 1.
aCh. 2.10. Jam. 2.4,
12. 1 Pet. 1.7.
% Or attributed foR,
to Gid.

marlcably pious. It is a mercy for children to have parents deeply
and conftantly concerned for the glory of God and the good of their
fouls. However lawful feafting and mirth may be on fome occa.

Job is further afflicted in his perfon.

0 B.

Cerore Chi id
cir. 1520.

CHAP. II.
Under the former trial Job had proved his own inte
grity, and tbe falfehood of Satan's accufation of him.
Hire ( 1 ) Satan, again affembling with the faints,
minifters, or angels of God, moves for another' trial of
Job, that might touch his perfon; 1 — 5. (2) Per
mitted by God, Satan fmites Job with an univerfal,
painful, and loathfome difeafe; 6, 7, 8. (3) Employed
by Satan, Job's own wife tempts him to a defperate
curfing of God ; but he bravely refift s the temptation;
9, 10. (4) His friends, who come to comfort him,
are fo jhocked with his trouble that they cannot fpeak
to him for feven days ; 11, 12, 13.
ach.,6.M.6... p\ GAIN a there was a day when the
Mat. 18. 10. 1 kn. i—% •* r
-1. 19-22. _fl * fons of God came to prefent
* Angels, minifters, « s> . \ r IT 1 O _.
orients. themfelves before the Lord, and batan
came alfo among them to prefent himfelf
before the Lord.
2 And the Lord faid unto Satan, From
bch. 1.7. 1 Pet. 5. whence comeft thou ? And b Satan an-
J-4u.k^':- '*• J,',hn fwered the Lord, and faid, From going
to and fro in the earth,, and from walking
up and down in it.
3 And the Lord faid unto Satan, Haft
£ sec ch. 1. 1, s. thou confidered c my fervant Job, that
there is none like him in the earth, a per
fect and an upright man,- one that feareth
*??2'd,'?3S',Jsa& God cfnd efcheweth evil? and d ftill he
tc-ai.:6M9-'24' holdeth faft his integrity, although thou
^M.e\s. t, fwaiiow ut. movedft me againft him + to deftroy him
c ch. 0. 17. John 9. e without caufe.
Mat. 20. iS. ^ And Satan anfwered the Lord, and
fEfh.7.3, 4. with faid, f Skin for fkin, yea, all that a man
eh. 1. 3. Geo. 25. ' . r ,. ,. r
32. & 32. 20. hath, will he give for his life.
gch.2.u.pf.6.2. 5 But s put forth thine hand now, and
touch his bone and his flefh, and he will
hCh. 1. 5, 11. ver.9. , - , 1 r
«',«"' Rev' ,s' Cui'le thee to thy face.

IBs friends come to comfort him,
6 And the Lord faid unto Satan, ' Be- ^£2?
hold, he is in thine hand ; "•" but fave his ich. 1.12.20.1., »!
, ¦ r 7- Luke 22. 31.
lltC I Cor. 10. 13. If.
27. 8.
7 ^[ So k went Satan forth from the 1 ,>.,„&,.
prefence ofthe Lord, and fmote Tob fcch.i.„. ,K,-n.
s. . 7 . *J 22. 22. Rom. 3, 15,
1 with fore boils, from the fole of his foot ,Pet-5-8-'
. 1 • 1 Exod. 9. 9. Deuf,
unto his crown. «j- 27. a. ¦. 6.
8 And he m took him a potfherd to^h.,,.^,,,, pr. 142. 4. '
ch.42.6. ir. 61. ?.
Jon. 3. 6. s

6. 1 Kin.
withch. 1.
'5-17) 19-
pCh. 1.11.&21. ic,
Mal.3.i4.feevcr.f.

q 2 Sam. 13. 13. Mat.

fcrape himfelf withal ; and he " fat down n
among the afhes
9 % Then faid ° his wife unto him, "^
Doft thou ftill retain thine integrity?
p curfe God, and die.
10 But he faid unto her, Thou fpeakeft
as one of the 1 foolifh women fpeaketh : - 16. 23. & ,-v. ,s
what! fhall we r receive good at the rCI|;;-1^,b°-IJ°h6«
hand of God, and fhall we .not receive s^"-*^-*
evil? s In all this did not Job fin with "&*£;!"¦ *•*
his lips.
1 1 ^[ Now, when Job's three friends
heard of all this evil that was come upon
him, they came every one from his own t ch. 4. 1. & ,5. ,.
place; 'Eliphaz the Temanite, and u Bil- 9.^'}6.1t,7i
dad the Shuhite, and x Zophar the Naa- aC-h.8. ..&,«.,.
mathite: for they had made an appoint- Gel^.t^'9'
ment together 7 to come to mourn with xg>-" ¦»¦&»•«.
O # oc 4a. g,
him and to comfort him. yPw 17.17.&18.
1 2 And, when they lifted up their "^^i^
eyes afar off, z and knew him not, they S:ll:_. I3;J"
a lifted up their voice, and wept; and ^i-am. 4.7,8. t
b they rent every one his mantle, and a Sm5"'"^"'
fprinkled duft upon their heads toward, b°^fj0%yi
KpouPtl Neh .9. 1 . Lam. 2.
llCdVCIl. io. Ezek. 27. 30.
13 So they c fat down with him upon >£:!;*
the ground feven days and feven nights, ¦\{s.%l,t™-1'

fions, there is always need after it to examine our hearts and con
duit, and to fupplicate the pardon of our miftakes in it. How
clofely Satan attends faints, minifters, and angels, particularly
when they prefent themfelves before God! We have great need
to be always fober and vigilant, when our adverfary the devil
goeth about as a roaring lion, feeking whom he may devour. And
many, not lefs odious to God in their tempers and defigns than
Satan, thruft themfelves into the affemblies of God's people, in
their houfe of prayer. The noted favourites and fervants of God
are peculiarly the obje£ts of Satan's malice. But precife are the
limits by which he is re'ftrifted by God, who knoweth all his
defigns. And they, who approve themfelves faithful fervants to
God, will find him faithful to them in preferving them from the
fnares of the devil. It is very common for Satan and his inftru
ments to reproach the people of God as felfifh and hypocritical in
their religion: and almoft as common to afcertain their declara
tions with curfes and imprecations. And when God, for holy
ends, lengthens Satan's chain againft his own people, how inex-

preifibly forward is he in carrying on mifchief to the utmoft extent
of his permifiio:i! There is need then, in our happieft eftate, to
rejoice with trembling., How heavy are fore troubles when they
come from every quarter, and on every thing, one upon the neck
of another; and the laft the moft dreadful. Happy is it when we
are gracioufly weaned from created comforts, of which we may
be fo quickly, and in- fo awful a manner, deprived. But no af
fliction fliould indifpofe us for God's worfhip. The more trouble
we feel, the more need wc have of his grace to fupport us. And
the views of our death fhould wean us from perifhing things. All
that we have is God's gift, lent or given to us: and, whatever we
lofe, enough is left to deferve our thankfulnefs. Nay, a fpirit of
meeknefs beftowed is a greater blefling than all that God can take
from us. But, neverthelefs, how powerful are the influences of
God's grace, that can render his people compofed, and heartily
refigned to his will, under the fharpeft trials! In ail my troubbs
let me view God's hand, and acquiefce in his will: and let them
all drive me into the arms, the bofom, of my God.

Job curfes the day

CHAP. III.

of his birth.

VtT-isl™ and none * fpake a word unt0 him : for
they faw that his grief was very great.

AFf-77-4-

C H A P.

III.

Hitherto we have heard of the piety and patience of
Job. Now we muft hear of his impatience, and find
him 'in great paffion. ( l ) Complaining that ever he
was born; and imprecating cleftruclion, darknefs, obli
vion, forrows, and curfes on the day of his birth ;
I — io. (2) Complaining that he did not die- as foon
as he was born, that fio he might have refted in the
grave, where nobles, prifoners, poor, and rich, find
an equal repofe; 11 — 19. (3) Complaining that
his life was continued when he was now become ex
tremely miferable, and longed earneftly for death.
«ch.i.22.&2.-jo. A FTER il this opened Job his mouth,
ijtt.20.14.pr.1c6. £f\_ atl(j i>curfed his day.
2 And Job c fpake, and faid,

7 Lo, let that night be * folitary, let drTiszo?

3 " Let the day perifh wherein I was

crleb.anfiiiered. Ch
4.1 &6. 1.&8.1
& ij. 1.& 15- I
& 16. I.
«ch. 10.18, 19. jer. born, and the night in which it was faid,
.Exod ,0.22,23. There is a man child conceived.
£»s.».Aa« 4 Let that day be e darknefs ; let not
fT37Ti6n'""P!' fGod regard it from above, neither let
g ch. 10. 21, 22. & the light fhine upon it.
24. 17. Sc 38. 1^. O f\_
fg! ii3'9tx 44' 5 Let darknefs and the ? fhadow of
*-ot challenge n. death * ftain it ; let a cloud dwell upon it ;
* h'-as'ttfe"^'0, h let tne blacknefs of the day terrify it.
JSS.'.ft"^- 6 As for that night, let darknefs feize
i°,mnfthTda7s°!c' upon it; + let it not be joined unto the
days, of the year ; let it not come into the
number ;ofthe months.

no joyful voice come therein. s if. 13.21. & 24. a.
8 Let them curfe it k that curfe the day, ->cr- ?¦ 34. '
who are ready to raife up l their mourn- klci7T:I^ot/eii
1 1-» re I Or a leviathan.
iLltr>' ch.41. 1. pr.74.
9 Let the ftars of the twilight thereof "+*»*¦*
be dark ; let it mlook for light, but have m^;^\f\la^
none ; neither let it fee n the dawning of '• ''"
- _ ° nBeb. the eye-lids tf
the day : _ *~
10 Becaufe it ° fhut not up the doors 0 ecu. ». i7, is. &
of my mother's womb, nor hid p forrow ^f^'c]ffh
from mine eyes. &.C.&23.2.
1 1 q Why died I not from the womb ? q £&'*;. fill'
why did I not give up the ghoft when I
came out of the belly ?
12 Why r did the knees prevent me ? 'G«y*3-E**-
or why the breafts that I fhould fuck ?
13 For now fhould s I have lain ftill s^s&n.V-°'"
and been quiet ; I fliould have flept ; then
had I been at reft,
14 'With kings and counfellors ofthe l l^ff^^il
earth who built u delblate places for them- o Tombs. p. 15.28.
1 Ezek. 26. 20.
felves ;
15 Or with princes that had gold, who
x filled their houfes with filver;

1 6 Or y as an hidden untimely birth I
had not been; as infants which never faw yVff
light

X Ch. 2,2. 25. Sc ?7„
i(i. Num. 2.2. iS.
Prov. 8. 21. Sc 10.

8. Eccl. 6.
Rev. 6. 13.

17 There the z wicked ceafe from z4x£'M'Pron

Reflections upon Cha^. II. — How reftlefs, impudent,
fteady, and atSHve, is the devil in profecuting his malice againft
the faints! Difappointment but fharpens his rage, and makes him
return more furious to the attack: and, tho'.igh proved a liar, he
perfifts in his accufations. It is honourable- and neceflary to refift
:him ftedfaft in the faith. But, above all, great is the mercy that
we have Jefus as our advocate to repel his bold accufations. To
what aftonifhing extent doth God, for his' own wife ends, permit
Satan to afflict his deareft faints; nay, his Son! But glorious con
querors are they, whofe mind, in humble abafement, correfponds
with their loweft or moft loathffime circumftances of body. Heavy
-indeed is the trial, when thofe, who ought to be our fympathiz-
ing directors in trouble, become our tempters to the moft horrid
fins ;— to rage and difquiet; — to blafphemy; — to trefpafs" more
-and more againft the Lord! and when ihofe, who come to com

fort us, have their mouths fhut! But happy is he who endureth
temptation : when he is tried, he fhall receive a crown of life !
Happy is he who abhors to parley with vile fuggeftions, and who
receives troubles as the love-meflengers of his God !, God can
make our friends ufelefs to us, even when they are fo kind as to
come to comfort us, and fo wife as to prefer the houfe of mourn
ing to the houfe of mirth. What frightful changes difeafe can
make on us ! Why then fhould we be proud' of vile bodies ? But
worthlefs are thofe fiends who haften from the chamber of
difeafe, and are glad to fly from the melancholy door : an awful
proof that they are unmindful of, and unprepared for, death. Let
then no health but what Chrift is, no friend but God in him, be
the truft, the boaft, of my foul ! In the time of need all others take
to themfelves the wings ofthe morning, and flyaway. Miferable
comforters, nay, enfnaring tormenters, are they all !

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Chap. III. Ver. i, -z. After thefe feven days
Were finiflied Job gave vent to that grief, which had fo long ftupified him, in the molt
bitter lamentations, and in imprecating mifchiefs upo-i the day of his conception and
' birth. 3. Let, faid he, the day of my birth, and the night of my conception, be
' utterly forgotten, as if they had never been. 4. Let that unhappy day be covered with
horrible darknefs, and turned into night. And never let one ray of day-light appear
thereon. 5. Let the molt frightful darknefs, and -the molt extenfive and thick
clouds, wholly poffefs it. Let black burning vapours, and the moft fearful difafters,
render it terrible to men. 6. Let grofs darknefs, or abfolute extinction, feize upon
the night of my conception. 7. Let that wretched night be as barren of every thing
comfortable as a flinty rock: and let men never meet together on it for feafting or
mirth; nor let a fingle whifper of joy be heard on it. 8. Let the moft fkilful mourn
ers, who imprecate woe upon the days of uncommon difalleia, eft'eftually curfe it by

name, as the direful mother of monfters, redoubled terrors, and mifchiefs. 9. Let
nothing but the moft frightful darknefs feize upon it, without a fingle glimmering of
a ftar, or the fmalleft dawning of a long-lioked-for morning; 10. Becaufe it did not
bury me in my mother's womb, and thus fecure me from thofe miferies which I now.
feel. 11. What a wretched misfortune was it that I did not die in the womb, in the
birth, or immediately after! 12. What a misfortune that they, who received me
from the womb, Sid not let me fall ori the ground, and dafh out my brains ; or that
the nurfe did not refufe to give me fuck! 13. For thus fhould I have lain ftill as a
fhip at anchor; I ihould have felt none of thofe miferies which I now endure; but
had lain quiet and undifturbed in the grave; 14. Equal to kings and great men,
who lie alone in the tombs which they built for themfelves; 15. And to princes, who
in their life had heaped up riches and wealth; 16. Or, like a concealed abortive
infant, which was never numbered among men. 17. There, in the grave, the moft

fob longs for death.

Before Chrift
cir. 1510.
a Kcb. wearied in
Ji-. noth Ch. 14. I.
with Heb. 4. 9.
B.ev. 14. 13. II.
57. 2.
b Exod. 5. 6. Jndg.
4. 3. Efth. 7. 6.

J o
weary be at

B.

Elipha% reproves him.

troubling, and there the
reft. 18 'There the prifoners reft together;
they hear not the voice of the boppreffor.
and great are there

19 c The fmall cmU gj<-<j«- aL^ un,,>.,
c jer. s. 4, 5. pi- 49, and the fervant is free from his mafter.
2. 10. Sc 89. 48.
ch. 30.23. 2Q Wfierefore is d light given to him
^isl.itsli.cf. that is in mifery, and life unto the bitter
in foul; 21 Who * long for death, but it cometh
f9~S7.1s.16; not, and dig for it more than for hid
treafures; 22 Who rejoice exceedingly, and are
glad when they can find the grave ;
2 3 Why is light given to a man f whofe

eRer. 9. 6. Num.
11. 15. I Kin. 19.
4. Ion, 4. 3, 8. ch.

f If. 40. 27.

and whom God hath s hedged

gch. 19.8.&12.14. ,x/o„ :„ ujj
Lam.- 3. 7, 9. Hof. Wdy lb mCl,
z. 6. • ^
ill?
h9.V'8o?'spr'102' 24 For hmy fighing cometh + before I
xtrte-cbeforemymmt. tat, and ' my roarings- are poured out like
*«£&&&.% the waters.
25 For I' the thing which I greatly
feared is come upon me, and'that which
I was afraid of is come unto me.
26 k I was not in fafety, neither had
reft, neither was I quiet.; yet trouble

H Ueb.I feared a fear,
and it came upon me.

k Gen. 3. 19. ch. 14.
1. Acts 14.22. Heb.
12. 6—11. Rev. T
3-19. 2Tim. 3.12. A

came.

C H A P. IV.
Job's patience under his troubles had obliged Satan to
confefs that he was an upright fearer of God. Now
Job's friends, inftigated by Satan, attempt to prove,
from his uncommon troubles, that certainly he had

been but an hypocrite. After they had, no doubt, con-
verfed of the point among themfelves, Eliphaz, who -
it 'fccms-ivas the eldeft, or of chief quality, begins the
. attack in a kind of anfwer to what Job had faid.
(1) After befpeaking a patient hearing, he charges
Job with being art hypocrite, becaufe the inftruSiions
and comfort which he had formerly adminiftered to
ethers in trouble could not novj direii or fupport him
felf; 1 — 6. (i) To make good his charge, he main
tains that -it is always diftinguifh"d wickednefs,
cruelty, oppreffion, or the like, which brings on dif
tinguifhed judgments ; .7 — 11. (3) He corroborates
zuhat he had faid from a vifion which he had had,
reminding him of the inconteftible parity and Juftice
of God, and of the weaknefs and ftnfulnefs of men ;
12 — 21.
THEN a Eliphaz the Temanite b an
fwered and faid,
2 If we affay * to commune with thee,
-wilt thou c be grieved ? but + who can
withhold himfelf from fpeaking ?
2 Behold, d thou haft inftrucfed many,
and thou haft ftrengthened the weak
hands. 4 Thy words have upholden him that
was falling, and thou haft ftrengthened
* the feeble knees.
5 But now e it is come upon thee, and
thou fainteft; it toucheth thee, and thou
art troubled.
6 Is not this f thy fear, thy confidence,
thy hope, and the uprightnefs of thy
ways ?
7 g Remember, I pray thee, who ever

Before Chrift
cir. 151c).

2 See ch. 2. n,
bCh.3. !,_&<.(.
&8. i,&c.

c 2 Tim. 4. 3.
f Heb. who can rc~
frain front words 1
d Gen. 18. 19. If. 3;.
3, 4. Heb. 12. 12.
IThef. 5. 14.

X Heb, the bowing
knees.
C Ch. 3.25,26. & I.
11— 19. & 2. 5,7.

f Cfi'. I. 1. Prov. 3.
26. ch. 17. 15.
2 Kin. 20. 3.
g 2 Sam. 16. 8. Afls '
28. 4. Pi". 7. 14.
Jer. 2. 17, 19. & 4.
18. Gal. 6. 7, 8.-
If. 3. 10, 11. Rom.
2. 7 — 10.

Reflections upon Chap. III. — How dreadful are the days,
the ages, in hell, on which heaven frowns, and which earth for
gets, joy forfakes, and curfes attend ! The beft-, when left to them
felves, may fall into the greateft folly and guilt ; become mad in their
wifhes, liberal of their curfes, cruel to their friends, and unthankful
to their God ! But hovv,much better is the never-curfed day of
our fpiritual and eternal birth than that of our natural ! How help
lefs are men when they come into this world ! But kind is the
care of providence about them. How levelling are the ftrokes of
death! None of our earthly honours dare enter the grave. Happy
only thofe in it who die in the Lord ! What relief from trouble,

wicked can hurt no one; and they, who had been reftlefsly toffed and wearied with
violence, enjoy the profoundeft fafety and reft. 18. There the condemned prifoners
and enflaved captives enjoy the moft perfeel eafe, and do not fo much as hear the
voice of an oppreffor or exaclor of labour. 19. There every perfon is on an equal
level of power and greatnefs; and the fervant is as free as his mafter. — 20. Is it not
ftrange that aman Ihould be forced to live when his miferable condition makes him
heartily abhor it; 21. Who in vain wifhes for death, and feeks it more eagerly than
the greateft riches ; 22. And who would more gladly leap into his grave than the
covetous mifer can meet with a rich vein-of filver; 23. Being fo oppreffed, and fhut
up with God's indignation, that he knows no other way to turn himfelf! 24. For my
meat doth but fuftain a miferable life, which is filled up with heart-finking fobs,
and loud roarings, on account of my troubles. 25. For whatever dreadful things I
fear, they immediately come upon me, notwithftanding all my care to prevent them.
26. In my profperity 1 never fecurely trufted in my riches, nor indulged myfelf in
carnal cafe; yet that has not -preferved me from being miferable. And in this dif-

what reft, what liberty, they enjoy ! But fad is the cafe when in
flicted troubles, and want of profpect of deliverance, make even
faints to long for death, and bid it welcome. To quarrel with
the life which God beftows is to fin againft our own mercies.
Fretfulnefs and impatience at out lot can only aggravate our fuf
ferings. And to reflecl: on God's providence is to accufe him
felf. It is our happinefs that our time is in God's hand. The
more irkfome this life is, we fliould be the more folicitous to pre
pare for a better. And they only are fit to die who are content
to live; and, fatisfied under every burden, wait cheerfully the
Lord's pleafure.

trefs I have had no reft; and yet further billows of toffing troubles are ftill coming
upon me.
Chap. IV. Then Eliphaz, a defcendant of Efau, replied, ver. 2. Thou wilt
doubtlefs be incenfed by the llighteft attempts to offer a reply: but who can reftrain
himfelf from fpeaking the truth upon fuch a preffing occafion ? 3. Behold, in former
times thou haft, with great pains and fuccefs, inftrucled many under trouble, and cor
rected their miftakes; and, by thy kind and pertinent advices, haft mightily encou
raged the difpirited. 4. By thy difcourfe thou haft encouraged and fupported thole
whofe hearts were ready to fink; and haft fettled them who trembled under the bur
dens of their adverfity. 5. But now, when fallen into their condition, thou canft not
praclife thy own leffons, "but fainteft, and art ilruck with conilernation^ 6. Is not
this the time to exercife thy piety, thy confidence in God, thy hope of bleffings, and
thy integrity of converfation? Or fliall all thy religious appearances turn out a^merc
, nothing ? 7. Too good reafon thou haft to fufpeel thyfelf an hypocrite : for think if"

Eliphaz* s warning and vifion.

CHAP. IV. V.

The ruinous defruclion offnners.

It That is, by his
anger.
Exutl.

BcirTis2of perifhed being innocent ? or where were
1  the righteous cut off?
8 Even as I have feen, they that plow
iniquity, and fow wickednefs, reap the
fame. 9 By the blaft of God they perifh, and
.Yio.n. h by the breath of his noftrils are they
t-xoci. 15. 8. ch. i- /* 1 ¦
'§• ?P;?- K confumed.
18. 8. Sc 68. J, 2.
fTh'ef^s"'4' 10 The roaring of the lion, and the
iPf.S8.6.&3-7- voice ofthe fierce lion, and the ' teeth of
the young lions, are broken.
k2Jit4?i7&Eleic' 1 1 Jfhe k old lion perifheth for lack
%£*Fn'tul of prey, and the ftout lion's whelps are
fcattered abroad.
I^2.7n.I26:°ir4. 1 2 Now l a thing was U fecretly brought
u Heh. byjieauh. to me, and mine ear received a little
thereof.
ffijSn.323',,,5,'296'& 1 3 In m thoughts from the vifions of
ios'&™tiGen: the night, when n deep fleep falleth on
n Gen. 2. 21. Jon. 1, men,
5., sam. 26, 2. ° Fear * came upon me, and trem-
o Ch. 7. 14. If. 6. 5. ^ . sr '
^Rev8!."^'3' bling, which made ' + all my bones to
* Hob. met me. fliake.
ffmfLT"i!ud' 15 Then a p fpirit paffed before my
ppr.io4.4-Heb,i. face; the hair of my flefh ftood up:
1 6 It ftood ftill, but I could not dif
cern the form thereof: an image was

before mine eyes, q there Was filence; and drT^of

q Or I heard afiiil
voice. 1 Kin. 19.12.

I heard a voice, faying,
- -. s/ ^ iS> ' n v<K«. iaju. ly.ia*
17 Shall r mortal man be more juft rCh. ,4-I.& 9-i.
"than God? fhall a man be more pure 2,!'ecci.37.2o!43'
than his Maker? _ ,0rt/L!'
18 Behold, she put no truft in his fer- sch.tj.t5.&*s;s.
vants; * and his angels he charged with ^r*-*-*"
T" £VJ1 • *0rnirinhiseivgeIt9
1 iOJiy . in whom he put
1 9 How much lefs in them that dwell t^lefstoiiiP.
in 'houfes of clay, whofe foundation is t2cor.j-1.ch.10.
in the duft, which are crufhed before the o:Eed.i».7.oeii:
moth ?
20 They are " deftroyed from morning "^.'^5,6.
to evening: they x perifh for ever without ir-!8-lz-
<P '.. . J r x Ch. 14. 14. & 16.
any regaraing //. 22. pr. 39.13.

21 Doth not y their excellency w hich is ^.Yyv59'
in them go away ? they die, even z with- z^-f-k2e°I^|f-
out wifdom.
CHAP. V,
Next, Eliphaz appeals to his own and other faints' ex
perience, as teftifying ( 1 ) That, though aftliclion be
the common lot of mankind, 6, 7, (as our verfion
reads), yet it. is diftinguifhed fins that brings on dif-
tinguijhed judgments; 1 — 5. (2) That in our trou
ble we ought c and- if faints we Jhall, humbly apply
ourfelves to God, as our fovereign, almighty, and
juft, Deliverer, able and ready to help us; 8— 16.
(3) That affticlions, rightly borne, in deep humi
lity, and attended with prayer, iffue happily, in

Reflections upon Chap. IV.— Such as are in fore trouble
ought to be fpoken to and dealt with in great tendernefs. But
affe&ion muff not hinder, but promote, faithfulnefs in our reproofs
and admonitions. We muff not, for fear of offending, fuffer fins
upon our brother. And it is very edifying when fuch as are noted
in their profeffion lay out themfelves for the inftrudlion and encou
ragement of others in the Lord's way; warning the unruly, fup-
porting the weak, and comforting the feeble minded. Yet,
through the corruption of our nature, it is far eafier to give good
counfel than to take it. Extremely trying is the fituation when
Satan employs the faints' godly friends to make them raze their'
hopes, and acknowledge themfelves hypocrites. The charge of
hypocrify is moft frequently laid againft the people of God, and
is one ofthe harder}, to be borne. But exceeding; finful is the in
dulgence of a cenforious fpirit. We muft never judge of a man's
ftate from a particular failing, or from his outward lot. Though
tyrannical opprefibrs, and other finners, be recompenfed in this
life, yet no man knows either love or hatred by all that is before

him. What Angular intimacy with God might faints enjoy, if
duly weaned and withdrawn from the things of this life ! Were
our tempers duly holy, even our dreams might be means of our
noted fellowlhip with God. O how men's fpirits fhrink under
vifits from the other world! What then muft be the terrible ma-
jefty, infinite hoIinefs_ and equity, of God himfelf! Infignificant
and impure are all creatures in comparifon of him. Mean are men
while they live; and wretched in death, if driven away in their
iins. But for fenfelefs, finful, dying, worms to impeach the wif
dom, goodnefs, or equity, of Jehovah's difpenfations of provi
dence, or to plead their own worth and excellency in his prefence,
is the boldeft prefumption. How ftrange is it that, amidft fo
many and remarkable warnings of an entrance into eternity, moft
men fhould live entirely unconcerned about it! And fcarcely lefs
ftrange that even good men fhould fo often wreft God's oracles to
ferve their own humours. This oracle, which Eliphaz heard,
gave ground to rebuke Job for his murmuring, but none to con
demn him as an hypocrite.

thou canft remember one inftance of an innocent and godly man who was ever punifhed
¦with fuch remarkable ftrokes of divine vengeance as thou art. ?.. For my part,
aged as I am, I have always obferved that it is the wicked devifers and praclifers
of horrible crimes who reap the fruit 9f their works in fuch a manner. 9.
By the Mailing and burning influence of God's fearful judgments, they are more
fuddenly, or more gradually, reduced .to mifery and ruin. 10. And though,
ilke thee and thy f:ns, they be opprefibrs, fierce and ftrong as lions, their
.power and influence jre broken, and themfelves .ifdicled. 11. The mightieft
tyrants, and their pofterity, are in due time ftripped of their ill-gotten wealth, and
violently reduced to mifery and fervitude. 12 — 16. Moreover, in a vifion, which-
exceedingly terrified me, I heard a fpirit, whofe form I could -not comprehend, amidft
.profound filence all around, lay, 17. Shall a wretched man be more righteous
Vol. I.

than God, or juftified hefore him? or 'even the moft excellent man be pure before
his Maker? 18. Behold! he put no firmnefs in his heavenly minifters, andean
put no truft in them ; and in his angels he has placed no ground of boafting, and can
perceive defeel of fervice and readinefs to Hide. 19. How then can he perceive
perfection in mortal and finful men, whom he can crufli as eafily as, or before the
face of, a mcth ! 20. They are pricked, and bruifed in a mortar of trouble,
through tlieir whole life ; and quickly perifh for ever, without any oppreffing them,
or regarding their fall. u. Is not all their power and excellency a plucked- t,p no
thing, is it not deftroyed together? They pine and melt away for want ot, and without
eyerattaining, wifdom, or any folid and well-connected good. And, though their
dignity be ever fo great, and their pofterity ever fo numerous, they die like fo many
beafts, which have no underftanding of their latter end.
5 A

Eliphaz s ohfervations

O B.

on the providences' of God,

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

* Or koe.
-a Rom. z. 8. Delrt.
29. 20. 8c 32. 22.
b Pf. 107. li. Prov.
I.32.&.8. S-Scc/.
13. Sc 14. 30,
f Or indignation.
c Pf- 37- 35, 36. Jer.
12. I— 3. Pi. 73. 3,
18 — 20.' Prov. 3.
33. Zech. 5. 3, 4.
dPf. 119.IJC.&109.
7, 12,13. & 50. 21,
22. Exod. 20. J.

eCh. iS.q. & 1. 12,
!?¦
J Or iniquity.
i Amos 3.6. Lam. 3.
39. 11^45. 7. with
Mat. 15. 19.
g Ch. 14. 1, 1 Car.
10. 13.
\\ Or labour.
hHeb. the fons of the
burning coat lift up
to fly. If. 24, 15. &
43.2. I Pet. 4. 12.
J Pi". 50. i.e. Sc 9. 10.
& 34. 4, 6. & 37.5,
Sc 91. 15.
Ji Ch. 9. 10. Pf. 72.
18. Sc 86. 10. Sc
145.3. SC40. 5. &
104. 24. Rom. 11.
¦1 Ch. 38. 16. Jer. 5.
z4.Sc 10.13. & 1^.
, 22. Amos 5I8. Acts
14. 17. Pi. 65. 8—

.*Heb, out-places.
m 1 Sam. 2. 7. Pf.
113. 7. Ezek. 17.
24. I Cor. I. 26—
29.
11 Neh. 4. 15. Pf. 33.
I -1. & 76. 5. Eltb.
9. 24, 25. If. 8. 10,
Sc 14. 24, 25.
Exod. 18. II.

refipecl of outward things; 17 — 27. /// f^*? tos
tort??- verfes he advifes Job to accept the punijhment
of his iniquity, and repent-.of his Jin, which had occa
fioned it; and fo to hope for a return of his temporal
profperity.
CALL now, if there be any fhat will
anfwer thee;- and to which-" of the
faints wilt thou s turn £¦
2 For a wrath killeth the bfoolifh man,
and + envy flayeth the filly one.
2 I c have feen the foolifh taking root :
but fuddenly I curfed his habitation.
4 His children are d far from fafety,
and they are crufhed in the gate, neither
is there any to deliver them.
5 Whofe harveft the hungry eateth up,
and taketh it even out of the thorns,
and e the robber fwalloweth up their fub
ftance. 6 Although -+ affliction f cometh not
forth of the duft, neither doth trouble
fpring out of the ground ;
7 Yet gman is born unto H trouble, as
the h fparks fly upward.
8 I ' would feek unto God, and unto
God would I commit my caufe :
9 k Who do
fearchable ; marvellous things without
number :
10 ' Who giveth rain upon the earth,
and fendeth waters upon the * fields :
r 1 m To fet up on high thofe that be
low ; that thofe which mourn may be
exalted to fafety.
12. n He difappointeth the devices of

great things and un-

the crafty, fo that their hands + cannot
perform their enterprife.
13 * He taketh the wife in their own
craftinefs : and the counfel of the froward
is carried headlong.
14 They + meet p with darknefs in the
day time, and grope in the noon day as
in the night.
15 1 Bat he faveth the poor from the
fword, from their mouth, and from the
hand of the mighty.
1 6 r So the poor hath hope, and ini
quity ftoppeth her mouth.
17 5 Behold, happy is the man whom
God correcfeth : therefore defpife not thou
the chaftening of the Almighty :
1 8 ' For he maketh fore, and bindeth
up: he woundeth, and his hands make
whole. 19 u He fhall deliver thee in fix trou
bles; yea, in feven there fhall no evil
touch thee.
20 x In famine he fhall redeem th'ee
from death, and in war from the power
ofthe fword.
2 1 ^Thou fhalt be hid from thefcoUrge
of the tongue : neither fhalt thou be
afraid of deft ruclion when it cometh.
22 At deftrucfion and famine thou*
zfhalt laugh: neither fhalt thou be afraid
of the beafts of the earth.
23 a For thou fhalt be in league with
the ftones of the field: and the beafts.of
the field fhall be at peace with thee.
24 And thou fhalt know b that thy

Before Chrift
cir. 1510,.
f Or cannot perform
any thing. ,
0 I Cor. 3. 19. pr. 7,
K, 16. & 9.15,15,
&!5-7,8?&i4i. lo. « 17. ij. T
t Or run into.
p If. 19. 3, 13, 14. fr
59-9, 10. Amos 8.'
9-ch. 12.25. Dcat,
28. 29. Afts 17. 27.
2 Cor. 4. 4.

H Pf. 72. i
34- 6- S

13. i4-'&
109. 31.

'W. 9- 18. & 10. 14.
If. 14- 32. E;;.ic7^
41, 42. Mic. 7.9, 10.
s Prov. 3. 11, n.
Heb. 12. 5, 6, 10,
Jam. 1. 12.&5.11.
Rev.3.i9.pf/,,9.
67, 71. & 94. u.
Jer. 31. 18—20.
t Deut. 32. 39.
I Sam. 2. 6. P£
147. 3. If. 30. 26..
f zek. 34. 16. Hof;

nPf:34. 19. & 91. 7.
Prov. 24. 16.
2 Pet. 2. 7, 9. Rev.
3. 10. I Cor. 10.
13. 2 Cor. 1. 10.

XPf. 33.19. & 34.10.
&37. 19. Prov.io.
3. Hab. 3. 17, 18.

yPf. 31.20. &73.0..
Jer. IS. 18. Prov. '
14- 3- Pf- 91. I—
ic. Deut. 33, 27—
29.

zjam.i. 2. Rom.e.
3. Phil. 4. 19. Pf,
34. 8—10. Hab.3.
17, IS.
aPf. 91.12. If. 11. S
— 9. Sc 65. 25.,
Ezek. 34. 25- Hof.
2. 18. Mark 16.
18. Acts 28. 3, 4.
Prov. 16. 7.
bOr that peace is thj
tabernacle. Prov.
3-17, 3!-Pf-"9.
165. If. 66. 12.

Chap. V. Call now,- if there be indeed any that will anfwer this oracle in thy
favour ! And to which of the faints canft thou turn as an advocate for thy caufe, or
as an example of thy condition? 2. For the juft vengeance and holy jealoufy of
God fhall deftroy foolifh and wicked men : and their own rage at providence, and
envy of other men's happinefs, fhall render them miferable. 3. Even when I have
feen wicked men fiourifhing .in apparently-fixed profperity I have judged them un
happy, and predicted their fall, and quickly feen them and their families rendered mi
ferable. 4. Their pofterity are expofed to great dangers and calamities: they are
oppreffed and ruined in their law fuits, or are openly punifhed, while there is none
to deliver them. 5. The hungry vagabonds eat up their crop; and, notwithftand
ing all the means ufed to fecure it, or the danger to the taker, the fweeping fcourge,
and favage robber, fitch as the Chaldeans or Sabeans, carry off their whole fubftance and
wealih. 6, 7. Affliction never comes to men without the juft influence of God,
and the deferving influence of men's fin, even though it be altogether common and
natural for men to meet with trouble. And men, outrageous in iniquity, and aban
doned to grofs impiety, fhall not longflourifh on the earth; but if, as born in it, a man
be obftinate in grofs wickednefs, the flaming thnnberbolts of God's vengeance fhall
fly aloft to deftroy him. 8. Truly therefore, were I in thy cafe, I would humbly
addrefs myfelf unto God, and refer myfelf to his difpofal. 9. I would refer myfelf
to God, who works fo many things, the nature, caufes, and immediate ends of which
we do not underftand, and fo is able to help or punifh as he pleafes. 10. To God,
who waters the earth with rain, and who caufes the fountains to fpring, and rivulets
to run along the directs and fields; 11. That by plentiful crops he may enrich and
dignify men of low condition, and.esalt thofe that mourn in fordid bafenels and mifery

to an extended happinefs and fafety; 12. To God, who defeats the craftieft de
figns of fubtle men to raife or enrich themfelves, that it is not in their power to execute
the fchemes which they have moft cunningly contrived; 13. Who makes thei*
own devices to produce what they ftudied to avoid, and to hurry them, contrary to their
expectation, into dreadful ruin. 14. 80 that, when every thing feems plain and
profperous, they fuddenly ftumble into miftakes and mifery; and, in the very midft of
their wifdom and felicity, unexpected danger feizes upon them. 15. By which means
God delivers thofe who fear his name from the open fury, and from the treacherous
flattaries and calumnies of thefe powerful opprefibrs; 16. That, by obfervation
and experience of this, the poor and oppreffed may be' encouraged to hope in God for
help and deliverance, and wicked men may be confounded and filenced.-  17. And,
moreover, God makes all the affliaions of his people to work remarkably for their
good; therefore never complain of his corrections, but efteem them as a diftinguifhed
favour. 8. For he not only makes us grieved, and pained with trouble, for _ our
good, but quickly removes his rod, and beftows his comforts. 19. When manifo,d
troubles are inflicted on others, thou Ihalt efcape, if thou refer thyfelf to God's
difpofal. Nay, be thy own troubles as rhany as they will, they fhall do thee no real
hurt. 20. God fhall fupply thee with food in times of famine, and protect thee
in the day of battle. 21. No malicious reproachers or falfe witnefles fhall be able
to hurt thee; and thou . flialt be fecure amidft- the depopulations of countries.
22. No peftilence, nor famine, nor ravenous beaft, fhall be allowed to hurt thee, or
even mar thy cheerfulnefs. 23. The ftones of the field, as if in league with thee,
fhall neither hurt thy perfon norcrop; and even the wild beafts fliall fubmit to the-ex.
as thy conquered fervants. 24. Thou flialt, by. experience, find thy dwelling,

Happinefs ofthe pious.

CHAP. VI.

JoFs complaints of fore trouble.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
11 Or be difafpointcd.
cPf. 1:8 1,6. Gen.
U.. 2. & lS- 5. Sc
22. 16, 17.
* Or much.

d Eccl. 12. 5. Job 17.
13. 5: 30. 23.
e Pic./. 10. 27. Gen.
„-. 15. & 25. 8.
Deut- 34- 8. Pf.
102. 24. Sc 91. 16-
Eph. 6. 2, 3.
f John 12. 24- Mat*
13. 30.
EPf. m,2. If. SS- 3-
Pf. 81. n, 13.
Prov. 9. 12,

tabernacle fall be in peace ; and thou
fhalt vifit thy habitation, and fhalt not
II fin. 25 Thou flialt know alfo c that thy feed
fhall be * great, and thine offspring as the
grafs of the earth.
26 Thou fhalt d come to thy

grave

sOh. 3.1.&4. 2.
b Ch. 23. 2, 3.
* Heb. lifted up.

e in a full age, like as a fhock of f corn
cometh in in his feafon.
27 Lo this, we have e fearched it, fo
it is; hear it, and know thou it for thy
good. CHAP. VI.
Not convinced by what Eliphaz had fetid with fuch
affurance, Job here proceeds to juftify himfelf, and
condemn his friend' s reafoning. (1) He pleads that
he had juft reafon te complain, when God's hand was
fo heavy upon him, and all his comforts were with
drawn, and fuch infipid hints fuggefted to him ;
I — 7. (2) He repeats his pajfionate wijhes, that a
fudden ftroke of death might fpeedily deliver him from
his miferies, under which he could not fupport him
felf; 8 — 13. (3) He reproves his friends for
wretchedly difappointing his hopes of comfort by them ;
and for their uncharitable cenfures and unkind treat
ment of him ; 1 4 — 30.
UT Job * anfwered and faid,
2 Oh that my grief were b tho
roughly weighed, and my calamity '" laid
in the balances together !

Reflections upon Chap. V. — The beft of men quickly grow
confident in their own miftakes. And it is the greateft discourage
ment to one in fore trouble to find no faint in his cafe or fentiment.
But.how foolifh and filly are the greateft of finners ! Their own
wickednefs fearfully con-efts them, and their backflidings ruin
themfelves, their families, or property. It is ftupid and heathenifh
to think that any thing happens to us by chance. And, the more
we are acquainted with the finfulnefs of our nature, we fhall fee
the lefs reafon to murmur at our afflictions. Under fore troubles
it is neceffary to fearch out and remove the finful caufe, and to
turn, all our fretful murmurs into humble fupplications. How en
couraging is it to have an almighty, condefcending, and gracious,
Ged to apply to ! No craft, no ftrength, no plots of devils or men,
need difcourage us when we have him on our fide. If our mind be

&mily, and fubftance, wherever it is, in fafety and quietnefs: and thou fhalt be ena
bled to manage thy houfehold-affairs without any allowed iniquity; and fhalt take an
account of them without difappointment. 25. And, however bare thou now ap-
peareft, as the earth in winter, thou ihalt find thy pofterity very numerous, profper
ous, and beautifully connected. 26. And, when thou haft arrived at an uncom
mon age, thou fhalt enter into thy grave with an eafy fmile, and fhouts of joy, as
one fully ripened for the glories of heaven. 27. Doubt not of this ; for we have
thoroughly examined the point, and find it as I have faid. Hear, confider, and practifc
"t, for thy prefent and everlafting advantage.
Chap. VI. But Job replied to Eliphaz. 2. O that my oppreffive trouble, al
lotted me in God's indignation, and my extenfive, unavoidable, and finking, calamity
and forrow, were but impartially and thoroughly weighed ! 3 It would be found
fo heayy as to hinder, and far furpafs, complaints : therefore are ray words full of
kjirning rage and tofting difquiet. 4. For grievous pains in my body, and impref-
¦fions of Gcd's wrath on my confeience, by their violence, quite difpirit my foul, and

2 For now it would be c heavier than,
the fand of the fea : therefore d my words
are fwallowed up.
4 c For the arrows of the Almighty
are within me, the poifon whereof drink-
eth up my fpirit : the terrors of God do
fet themfelves in array againft me.
5 Doth the wild afs bray + when he
hath f grafs ? or loweth the ox over his
fodder ?
6 Can that which is unfavoury be eaten
without fait ? or is there any tafte in the

Before Chriit
cir. 1520.
c Prov. 27. 3. PI.
42.7.
d Or I want words ta
ciffrci ;:iy -net.
Exod. 6. y. Pi.
77- 4-
c Pf. 38. 2. Sc 88. 3
— 5, 15, 16. Dent.
32. 23. PI. 7. 12,
13. ch. 7. 14, 15.
f Heb. at grafs.
fpf. 104. 14. Jer. 14,
6. Joel I. 18, 20.

white of an egg

?'

g Lam. 4. 4, 5. Sc e.
6. Hoi. 9. 4. Oan.'
10. 3. Pf. 102. 9.
Prov. 13. 12.

7 The things that my foul refufed to
touch are as s my forrowful meat.
8 O that I might have my requeft, and
that God would grant me * the thing that *Hd"w?<«''»<-
I long for !
9 Even h that it would pleafe God to
deftroy me ; that he would let.loofe his
hand, and cut me off!
10 Then fhould I yet ''have comfort ;
yea, HI would harden myfelf in forrow:
let him not fpare; k for I have not con
cealed the words of * the Holy One.
1 1 mWhat is my ftrength, that I fhould
hope ? and what is mine end, that I fhould
prolon

ig my life ?

h 1 Kin. 19. 4. Jon.
4- 3, 8, 9. Rev. 9,
6. ch. 7. 15, 16.
Gen. 30. 1.
i Ch. 19. 25—27. If.
S7- 2. Rev. 14. ij.
Pf. 16. 10, 11. '
\] Or though TJliouldbe
burnt with pain.
k Pf. 40. 9, 10. Set
119. 13. Afls 20.
20, 27. Rom. 1. 3..
liSam.2.2.Hor.ir. 9-Hab. 1. 12.&3.
3. Exod. 15. n. If.
6.3.
m Ch. 7. 17, 18.
1 Kin. 19. 4. Num.'
II. 14, ij.

brought down to our circumftances, let us never quit our hope :
it is in a faithful promifer. Our malignant oppofers may for a
while open their mouths wide againft us, and their oppreffing hand.
may lie heavy on us, but quickly their arms fliall be broken, and.
their lips fealed up in death. But great and holy caution is necef
fary under trouble, that we may neither be averfe to it, nor think
ill of it, nor overlook and difregard it. For when bleffed of God
they are remarkably advantageous. They but open God's way
for bellowing his diftinguifhed favours. And thofe who dwelt
under the fhadow of the Almighty fhall enjoy the fureft protec
tion, inward quietnefs, peace with God and his creatures, comfort
in their families and feed, and joy and honour in their death. Let
us then attend to, and profit by, every truth we hear.

wafte my life. His terrible judgments fhut'me up on every fide, and fet themfelves
as in battle array againft me. 5. You do no more than brute beafts when you are
eafy and unconcerned amidft your profperity. But, if thefe animals complain in their
diftrefs, why fliould I be hindered ? 6. Can ever fuch empty and unfavoury dif
courfe as yours, without any feafoning of grace, prudence, and moderation, be either
acceptable or edifying to one in fuch diftrefs ! 7. Thofe grievous afflictions,
which I was once afraid to touch, I muft now in anguifh endure; and yet I have
nothing afforded me for comfort hut your loathfome and empty difcourfes. 8. O that
God would quickly fulfil my requeft for death, and grant me that which I earneftly
hope and long for 1 9. Even that, without leaving me to languifh in this mifer
able condition, he would, with one effectual ftroke, put an end to my prefent life.
10. The near views of this would comfort my fpirit, and ltrengthen me to endure
the fevereft pains i to obtain this, I would gladly endure what he pleafes; as I am
confcious tfyat I have not hypocritically denied, difregarded, or concealed, his truths.
11. My ftrength is fo fpent, that I can neither hold out nor expect recovery. I nei
ther have, nor hope for, comfort in this life, that I Ihould defire it ; nor do I apprt-
5 A 2

T

'oh complains of his own trouble,

O B.

and his friends' dif appoint ment of him*

B :'cre Chrift
cir. 1520.

12 n Is my ftrength the ftrength of
1, p.-. 103.14, 15. sc ftones? or is my flefh '* of brafs ?
39S' 1 2 Is not my help ° in me? and is
* Heb. hrafen. D J . C
oire 13 2Cor. 1. wifdom driven quite from me r
if.^ai. e. 4. cc. a 4 P To him that is affiifted pity jhould
''i^'ta^is: be fhewed from his friend; but he ifor-
tiii. i. 26. - faketh the fear of the Almighty
«1 Pf. j6. 1. Gen.zo. O J
,0,,,.. john 3. ,7. j £ My brethren have r dealt deceitfully
T,il.l%ftii.uu as a brook, dW as the ftream of brooks
they pafs away ;
tor mown. 16 Which I' are blackifh by reafon of
the ice, and wherein the fhow is' hid :
%neb.th,,arecutof. iy What time they wax warm + they
iiHeb.«. the heat vanifh : " when it is hot thev are '"'con-
thereof. __ J
*web.eXiincuifhed. fumed out of their place.
18 The paths of their way are turned
afide ; they go to nothing, and perifh.
sGen.Js-is-'if-"- in The 5 troops of Tema looked, the
13, T4. Jer. 25. 23. 7 i ^ 7
cen, n. 28. companies of Sheba waited for them.
IJW.H.3.&J.2J 2Q They 'were confounded, becaufe
they had hoped ; they came thither, and
* or For mw ,e are were afhamed.
like lo them. ..
uver.i5.pr.62.9. 21 s For now je u are + nothing; ye
-1-Heb.w. x fee ?bv cafting down, and are afraid.
*it\l%il\*.- 22 y.Did I fay, Bring unto me? or,
y i^sam. ,2. 3. Aas Give a reward for me of your fubftance?

23 f Or, Deliver me from the enemy's ^fg™

z Gen. 14. 14, 16.
Jofh. 10. 6. 1 Sain,
30. 18, 19.

hand ? or, Redeem me from the hand of
the mighty i
24 Teach me, and I a will hold my 'feo'^g:
tongue: and caufe me to underftand 5'19'20-
wherein I have erred.
25 How' forcible are b right words ! hz^.fi,ci%:
but c what doth your arguing reprove ? ^i-M-iTim.
26 Do ye imagine to reprove words,
and the fpeeches of one that is defperate,
which are d as wind? 'ff11^
27 Yea, + ye overwhelm6 the fatherlefs, t*^- «»/<*»/<¦«
and f ye dig a pit for your friend. epr. g2. ,. Vtar.
28 Now therefore be content, look **:
upon me, for it is evident U unto you if fli\Xlkf&h
g j he. 64' i, s- & 142-5.
. II Heb. before your
29 h Return, I pray you, let it not be fa"-
iniquity; yea, return again, my righ- \™h*™**
teoufnefs is '" in it. 4~"6•
: j .1 ¦••».• 5 * That is, in (i.T
30 ' is there iniquity in my tongue r matter.
cannot + my tafte difcern perverfe things ? HTAori ^V*
CHAP VII + Heti, my palate.
Still juftifying his requeft for death, here (l) Job
complains, of the ufelefs,. reftlefs, and hopelefi, condi
tion of his life, and the noifome ftate of his body;
I — 6. (2) Expoftulating with God for a fudden-
death, he pleads that his. life was vanifhing in a

Reflections upon Chap. VI.' — How infupportable is inward
trouble, either felt or feared ; and, of all our evils, none mere into
lerable than'a fenfe of God's wrath. They, in general, are partial
judges of other men's troubles who live in eafe and plenty them
felves. And it adds greatly to afflictions to meet with nothing
under them but uncharitable cenfures and infipid .comforts from
our Chriftian friends. It is difficult to keep either heart or lips
aright under fuch complicated troubles. Ungoverned paffion
grows more violent when it meets with rebukes and checks. But
it is moft unbecoming when it gets into our very prayers to God,
and by our folly turns them into fin. There is great need of always
living faithful for God, fince we know riot how foon troubles
may render us weary of our life. And thofe, who are by grace
prepared for another world, can fee little in this to make them
fond offtaying in it. But it is not felf-hardening, but humility,
under trouble that makes us ripe for deliverance. Alas ! how often
dejected fpirits preach defpair to themfelves, and refufe to be com

forted ; forgetting how God can ftrengthen or recover for his own.
glory, as he pleafes ! It is a mercy then to have wifdom and grace,,
that will remain with us in the verytworft of times.. Unjuft, yea.
impious, is the want of compaffion to thofe who are under heavy
afflictions. And it is bitter to find the friends on whom we de
pended prove faithlefs. Yet created comforts commonly difap-
point us, and: become gall and' wormwood, when we come to
have moft need of their encouraging and fupporting. influence..
Upright fouls are> averfe to be a burden to their friends. And the
importunity of want often provokes the abufe of the uncharit--
able. But how contrary to fenfe — to reafon — to pity — to pa
tience — to equity — to a defire after truth — do friends act when
God makes them fcourges to us ! Truth is a mighty weapon whenh
wielded by the weakeft arm. And they who have truth on their
fide will never fhun the light,, bat court inquiry: and nothing
then- can be more unreafonable than to refufe them a patient.
hearing.

hend any hurt in death, that I ihould fear it. iz. My ftrength is quite incapable of
bearing fuch troubles; nor can 1 but feel their terrible preffure. 13. And, though
I cannot deliver myfelf, am I therefore deftitute of folid reafon and true virtue ? Have
riot I the teftimony of a good confeience ? Do not I know my own integrity, and the
nature and degree of my fufferings, better than you ? 14. Surely he who is in
diftrefs fhould meet with pity and compaffion ! and he, who, inftead of pitying a friend
under great affliction, cenfures and reproaches him, fhews that he has not the true
fear of God, and is in a fair way to apoftatize from his fervice. 15 — 20. My
deareft friends promifed me help and comfort; but failed me in a time of need; as
torrents, which in winter make a great noife, and run with a violent ftream, when the
melted ice and fnow fall thick into them; but in the fummer, when water is much
needed in thefe hot and parched countries, are quite dried up : the water is fo di-
verted into other channels, exhaufted by the dry defert, or exhaled into the empty air,
that one can fcarcely tell where they ran: and the Arabian travellers, who expected
torefreih themfelves with the water, find themfelves fhamefully and miferably dif-
appoinced. ai. Juft fo are ye deceitfully difappointing, me in my adverfity, when

I moft need your help. Inftead of comforting me, you, feeing my, diftrefs, ihrink.
from me, as if you were afraid I fliould prove burdenfome or difgraceful to you.-
22, 23. But, fince I never afked aught of you for either my fubfiilence or deliver
ance, can you not afford me a few comfortable words? 24. If you. can convince?-
me of any miftake, I fhall fubmit, ceafe my complaints, and hearken to your coun
fels:,* 25. For folid arguments have a marvellous power to convince and perfuade ; but
your reproofs are to no purpofe, as they proceed wholly on miftakes. 26. To what
purpofe rail ye at words, or critically cenfure the fpeeches of a man defperate with-
trouble? 27. Mean- ye to opprefs me, when fo helplefs and deftitute, with your
bitter calumnies and revilings; and defignedly to add to my mifery? 28—30. Con
fider therefore my cafe and words more deliberately and impartially: you -can eafily
detecl me if I fpeak falfe, or maintain a bad caufe. Fairly try my caufe over again,
and you will find me innocent of the hypocrify and wickednefs which you have laid
to my charge. Have I uttered aught that is falfe or wilfully wicked ? or am 1 fo
ftupid that I cannot diftinguilh that which is vain, falfe, or impious, from that whiclv
is true, gracious, and edifying?

On account of his great trouble,

fob earnefly longs for- death.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

hopelefs and ufelefs manner; 6 — IO; that his mi
fery was fo great he could not fupport himfelf under
it; ri — 16: and that it was below God thus to
contend with him; that he would ail like himfelf ' in
pardoning his iniquity and immediately flaying him;
17 — 21.
JS there "not ban appointed time to man
•**• upon earth ? are not his clays alfo c like
the days of an hireling-?
a" ¦
2 As a fervant *earneftly defireth dthe
.M.gapchaM. fhadow and as an hireli « l00keth for
dCh. 14.6.I4". 16. 3. . , _ . O
fonl'i4'? J21' t"i reward of his work;
eLer.19.3- Deut. 2 So am I made to poffefs f months of
24. 15. Mat. 20. 1, ~ . _ s. ap-

9 Ch. 14. 5, J4- pr-
39. 4. Eccl. 3. 1, 2.
fe Or a warfare.
If. 40. 2.
cCh.I4-6.If. 16.14,
Sc 21. 16. Gen.
47.9.

Before Cluifl
cir. 1520.
1 Pf- 39- 3, 9- Sc 32.
3. ch. x. Sc 16. 6.
Sc ix, 3. & 23.. 2.

r Ch. 6. 12. Lam,
'3- 7-

i Ch. 9. 27, 28. Tf.
41. 3,

2,8.

nights are

vanity, and wearifome
fPi|s,.Sc?,| pointed to me.
14.Gen.31.40- ^ When I lie down I fay, s When
«X^' mal1 I ariie, and t the night be gone ?
iHeb.ifc«.m.i.sfc and 1 am full of tofhnsrs to and fro unto
tntafured. O
b.ch. 17. i4. sc 19. the dawning of the day*
ich.'9.25.&,6.22. 5 MY K flefh is clothed with worms
Si^n^o,: and clods of duft ; my fkin is broken, and
if'.n.'cS'ao.o1.- become loathfome.
ftch.6...i,ii.&,9. 6 "My days are fwifter than a weaver's
\vfnTsltZ muttle? an(l are fpent k without hope.
47-^01.4.14- sc j O remember that my life is Lwind:
t web. fhati not mine eye + fhall no more H fee good.
return. f t o
RT.,-«,thatiS, » 8 The eye of him that hath feen me
fhall m fee me no more : a thine eyes are

CHAP. VII.
1 1 Therefore I q will not refrain my
mouth ; I will fpeak in the angnifh of my
fpirit ; I will complain in the bitternefs
of my foul.
12 r Am I a fea, or a whale, that thou
fetteft a watch over me?
13 When I fay, 5 My bed fliall com
fort me, my couch fliall eafe my com
plaint ;
1 4 Then thou ' fcareft me with dreams, t^M»t.427P<9.
and terrifieft me through vifion s;
15 So that my foul u choofeth ftrang- u^'in?',5: J fi
ling, and death rather than my + life. , %£'. 27*46.' 9' 6'
16 I loathe it; I would not live al- ,HeMtB"-
way : x let me alone, for my days are "Sr^Vio^i""
vanity. 8g'47^8: '
1 7 y What is man, that thou fhouldeft y *£*:££ l&t
magnify him, and that thou fhouldeft ^ant*'"!2'10"
fet thine heart upon him ?
18 And that thou fhouldeft z vifit him zPr- ;°m. & &>-
14. Exod. 20. 5.
every morning, and atry him every mo- »jer.T?\7.zech.iJ
ment ?

m Ch. 20. 9. Eccl. 1.
4, s- Rev.ij. 8.
n Pf. 80. 16. Sc 39.
II. Ezek. 14. 8.
*I can live no
longer.

upon me, and * I am not.

9 As the cloud is coniumed, and va-
niflieth away, u fo he that goeth down to
k 103. ,6. & 39. the grave fhall come up no more:
13. ver. 10. ch. 14. O r

«m. '».",..» IO p He fhall return no more to his
14.14. .38.11. nou:(-e neither fhall his place know him
J> Eccl. 12. 5. ch. 8. ' *
j8.&20.9.Pf.37. 3^ m0re.

Reflections upon Chap. Vff. — Our life hath its bounds
and form unalterably fixed by God's decree. But hov/ fhort-lived
and hard is the condition of mankind on earth ! Surely then we
ought to be humble, whofe bodies are fo vile, and our days fo
empty and fhort ! And fweet muft the heavenly reft be to thofe
who get thither through fo much tribulation. It is proper there
fore to die with afFerflions quit-, weaned from this world, and fet
en things above. But if the faints' afHirStions can be fo terrible,
fo conftant on earth, what muft hell be to the wicked for ever-

Chap. VII. Is there not a warfare of trouble, and the fet time thereof appointed,
for wretched man upon earth ? Are not his days fixed and determined, and full of toil
and labour? 2. As a fervant wearied with the toils of the day defires a place of
refrefliment, and as an hireling looks for the end and reward of his work, fo I long
for death, to deliver me from my miferies, and bring me to my glorious reward:
3- Fori have rttnti allotted me for my portion months of wretchednefs and unity,
without any folid comfort : and in the night, when others reft from their forrows, I
Can but reftlefsly increafe mine. 4. 1 am fcarcely laid down on my bed when,
through agony and pain, I wifh to be up again ; and 1 am continually tormented both
in body and mind: 5. For my body is ovcrfpread with ulcers, filled with worms,
and crufted-over with fcabs, which have made fuch clefts in my Ikin, that I am be
come loathfome to myfelf. ' 6. My happy days have quickly run over in a moment,
Md there is no hope that I fhall recover them. 7. Remember, O God, how fhort

9. Ddn. 12. 10.
lPet.i.7.&4.i2.
19 bHow long wilt thou not depart bV±l9^-,%] '• 1
from me, nor let me alone, till I fwallow
down my fpittle ?
20 I chave finned; what fliall I do c *f £ j+ ff f;
unto thee, O thou d Prefer ver of men ? ZIli-6+6-
e why haft thou fet me as a mark againft <-r&7-7*»:J:
thee, fo that I am a burden to myfelf? "^"k'i.^erl
21 And f why doft thou not pardon fIfz'I'j7"^06d'
my tranfgreffion, and take away mine ?i"r&l,43o?jf4f:
iniquity? for now fhall I g fleep in the ei£*s.ig».Daii.
duft; kand thou flialt feek me in the h see ver. I0.
morning, but I Jhall not be.

more! How terrible to be driven thither in our wickednefs! to
fall into the hands of an angry God ! The views then of our near
approaching death ought to animate our confeflions of iin, our
cries for pardon of it, and deliverance from it. It is. a mercy that
the blood of Jefus Chrift cleames from all fin, the moft unadvifed
and defperate expostulations with God not excepted: and, fprink
led with this, we may cheerfully bid adieu to this valley of tears
and forrows..

and unfubftantial my life is, though once it was pleafant; and, when once dead, I fhall
never return to my pofl'eflions and worldly profperity. 8. My friends fhall never
more fee me in this mortal ftate. Thou doit but frown upon me, and I vanifh out
of this world. 11. Since there is no hope that my condition will be better in this
world, therefore I will give feme vent to the extremity of my forrow, by complainin".
12. Am 1 To ftrong and unruly that nothing but fuch ftrong chains of affliclion can
tame, rule, or reftrain, me ? 16. Either ceafe from afflicling me, or from pre
ferring me in life; for my days have no need to be made more miferable and fading
than they are of themfelves. 17. What is man, that thou fhouldeft honour him fo
much as to contend with him, and fet thyfelf againft him, in rendering him fo mifer
able ? 18. And that thou fhouldeft vifit him with new affliclions every morning,
and try him with new ftrokes every moment? 19. If thou art fo patient and kind
to the generality of mankind, why wilt thou not turn away thy difpleafure frcra mc,

Bildad reprefents Job as sin hypocrite.

O B.

He encourages Job's repentance.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

CHAP.

VIII.

a Ch. 7. 19-
 13, '

«. see.

bGen. 18.25. Zeph.
3. 5. Deut. 32. 4.
a Chr. 19. 7. Dan.
9.14. Rom. 3. 5,6.
cGen. 13. 13. 2 Sam.
|4-10. Pi. 55- 23.
&140. 11. Hof.13.
II.
* Heb, in the hand of
their tremfgreffton.
A Ch. 22. 21, 23. Sc
U.I3.&J.8. Pf.
50.IS.&91.15.&34-4,6.
e Ch. 1. 1. Jam. 4. 8.
Lev. 26. 3 — 14.
Deut. 28. 1 — 14.
If. I. 19. Sc 3. 10.
Pf. 7.8. &3C.23.
*: 44. z%. 1 Tim.
4.8.

fZech. 4.10. Mat.
13. 12. If. 60. 22.
ch, 42. ji, 12.

g Deut. 4. 32. ch. 15.
18. Rom. 15. 4. Pf.
44- I- Sc 78. 3, 4,
If. 38. 19.

Lately Job's meffengers had followed one another with
¦evil tidings; now his friends follow one another with
their harjh cenfures. Satan had employed thofe to
deprive him of his integrity; now he employs thefe to
deprive 'him of the comfort of. it. Bildad proceeds
upon the fame plan as Eliphaz, and attempts to con
vince Job ( 1 ) That he and his . children had cer
tainly been punijhed for feme diftinguifhed wickednefs;
I — 4" (2) That, if he would now truly repent,
God would quickly reftore bis profperity; 5, 6, 7.
(3) That it was common for God to extinguifh the
joys and hopes of wicked hypocrites, fuch as he was ;
8 — 19. (4) That, if God did not fpeedily appear
for his relief, it ivould be inconteftibly evident that he
had been but an hypocrite : 20 — 22.
THEN anfwered Bildad the Shuhite,
and faid,
2 How long wilt thou fpeak thefe
things? and how long fhall the' words of
thy mouth a be like a ftrong wind ?
2 b Doth God pervert judgment ; or
doth the Almighty pervert juftice?
4 If thy children have c finned againft
him, and he have caft them away * for
their tranfgrefiion ;
5 d If thou wouldeft feek unto God
betimes, and make thy fupplication to
the Almighty ;
6 e If thou ivert pure and upright ;
furely now he would awake for thee, and
make the habitation of thy righteoufnefs
.profperous. ,7 f Though thy beginning was fmall,
yet thy latter end fliould- greatly increafe.
8 >g For inquire, I pray thee, of the for
mer age, and prepare thyfelf to the fearch
of their fathers :

Reflections upon Chap. VIII. — Men readily follow one
another in running down thofe who are Angularly diftrefled. And
much fooner do they perceive other men's fins marked in their
judgments than their own. But in every affliction it is always
¦vvtfe to have recour'fe to God for help. His blefling can foon
make a remarkable change for the better in our lot. And, if he
knows our integrity, it matters little, though men efteem us as
hypocrites. God often gives his people indirect hints of the kind
nefs which he intends for. them, by words never intended for that
purpofe by the fpeakers. And the knowledge and experience of
others ought carefully to be improved for our inftruction and
comfort. What a common fin among profeffors is hypocrify

9 (For h we are but of 'yefterday, and
know nothing, becaufe our days upon
earth are a fhadow) :
1 o Shall not they ' teach thee, and tell
thee, and utter Words out of their heart?
1 1 Can the rufh grow up without mire?
can the flag grow without water?
Whilft it is yet in his greennefs,

12

and not cut down, it withereth before
any other herb.
1 3 So are the ' paths of all that forget
God ; and the ra hypocrite's hope fhall
perifh :
14 Whofe hope fhall be cut off, and
whofe truft fhall be a fpidefs n web.
15 He fhall "lean upon his houfe, but
it fhall not ftand : he fhall hold it faft,
but it fhall not endure.
1 6 p.He is green before the fun, and his
branch fliooteth forth in his garden.
17 His roots are wrapped about the
heap, and feeth the place of ftones.
18 1 1f he deftroy him from his place,
then it fhall deny him, faying, I have not
feen thee.
1 9 Behold, r this is the joy of his
way ; and s out of the earth fhall others

Before Chrift
Cir. 1520.
h Gen. 47. 9. 1 Chr.
29. i5.ch.f.6.Pf.
39- 5- Sc 144. 4.
Jam. 4. 14. Prov.
30. 2. or ch. 12. z.
Set}. 2.
iHeb. 11. 4. pf. 78,
5,6. & 145.4.
Mat. 12. 35. & ii.
52.PJ.73. 1-8. &
00.10. 6c 14c, 1—
7- H- 63. 7.
k Pf. 129. 6. Jer.
17. 6.

!Pf.9.l7.&io.4.& C$o. iz. Deut. a.
11, 14. Tit. 1. 16.
Jer. 2. 32.
m Ch. 11. 20. & 18.
14- Pf- 112. 10. He
52.7. Prov.10.28.
Jer. 2. 25.
n Heb. houfe. If. eg.
5. eh. ij. 34.
oir. 36.6. ch. 27. 18.
Mat. 7. 26, 27.
Rom. 10. 3. h.
3}. 14.

P pf- 37- 35. 36. Sc
73-3,4.12-Jer.iz. J. ch. 21. 7—15.

grow.

20 Behold, God * will not caft away a
perfect man, neither will he u help the
evil doers :
2 1 Till he fill thy mouth with laugh
ing and thy lips with * rejoicing.
22 They that hate thee i fhall be clothed
with fhame ; and the dwelling place of
the wicked z fhall come to nought.

q Ch. 7. 9, 10. Sc 20.
9. Eccl. 12. 5. pr.
37- 36- Sc 7j. 18,
19. cc 55. 23.
r Ch. 20. j. If. 20.
5,6.
s Pf. 113. 7. 1 Sam.
z. 8. Ezek. 17. 24.
Pf. 75. 7. ch. 27.
16. 17-
t If. 1. 19. & 41. 9,
Sc 3. ioj Pf. 37.
24,28.
u Heb. taie the un
godly by the hand.
If. 1. 20. & 3. ir.
Pf. 55. 23. & 140,
11, 12.
x Heb. fhouting for
joy. If. 65. 13. Pf.
65. 13. SC 126. 2.
y Pf. i)2. 18. Sc j j,
26. Sc 69. 7. .&
109. 28, 29.
z Heb. not te. Ver.
18. Prov. 3. 33.
Zech. 5. 4. Pi. 69.
25, 27.

and diflimulation! What a fad fource of it is forgetfulnefs of God!
But the hope of hypocrites will put the moft fearful cheat upon:
themfelves. Though it flourifhes a while, it perifties at laft.
And the things of nature around us fuggeft the moft important
admonitions, did we but confider them aright. The moft pre
cious truths are often abufed, through the mifapplication of them,
to make the heart of the righteous fad and the fouls of the wicked
to triumph. Let me therefore never be a harlh judge of others',
and never too mild with refpect to myfelf. Let me never judge
of people's character by their outward lot. It is not time, but
the laft judgment and eternity, that will reduce all things to appa
rent order.

and at leaft give me time to breathe? zo. I cannot fatisfy thy juftice for my fins,
O thou Obferver of men : yet why haft thou fet me up as,a mark for thy vengeance
to fhoot at and run againft, fo that I am a burden to myfelf and to thee ? 24. Why
wilt thou not forgive me my fin, and at leaft releafe me fo far from its punilhment,
shat I may die ? for if thou come not fpeedily to help me it will be too late.

Chap. VIII. Not without a mixture of miftake, rage, and pride, Bildad replied,
2. How long wilt thou outrageoully pour forth what is difhonourable to God and un
profitable to men; and brutiihly violent, noify, and prefumptuous? 3. Can God,
who has no reafon to fear the difpleafure or court the favoiir of any, wretchedly an4
wkkedly deal unjuftly with men? . 4. Suppofe he has fearfully puniflied thy chil-

God's Juf ice, wifdom, power,

CHAP. IX.

and fovereignty, afferted.

Before Chrift
cir, »520.

CHAP. IX.
We have here Job's anfiver to Bildad, in which he
fpeaks honourably of God, humbly of himfelf , and feel
ingly of his troubles, without any refleilions upon his
opponents, (i) He after ts the exacl juftice of God;
and proves it from his infinite wifilom, power, and
fovereignty; I — 13. (2) He acknowledges himfelf
.unable to contend with God, either in law or in battle ;
- 14 — 21. (3) He maintains that men's characters
are not to be judged of by their outward condition;
»ch.4.i7-&25-4i 22, 23, 24. (4.) He complains of the greatnefs of
' »3o. 3, Romj. 19, his trouble ; and that his confufion of mind was fuch,
». Gal. 2. 16. If. tfrat ]og knew mt wJjat tofay or do bejrore (m -ivjlnlu
. or before ed. and frowning God ; 25— 35 .
"n^VAt" HPHEN Job anfwered and faid,
clh,43&S37&2V9 -¦- 2 I know it is fo of a truth : but
it $ t "' a how fhould man be juft * with God ?
"LVeb^o'mi. 2 If he will contend with him, he can-
3'13- not anfwer him bone of a thoufand.
e Pf. 68. S. & 46. 2. rr • c- • r - 1 i-i
& ,,4. 4. Hab. 3. yt_ fte 1S c wife in heart and mighty in

6. Nah. 3.6. Amos
¥-j^:\t%? ftrength : d who hath hardened himfelf
fpf.7s.3- isam. againft him, and hath profpered?
gPf. i!S.6.Dan.4.
IC. JjJ2.2.Al 
4. 13. & 5.8. 1
9. Jofh. 10. 13

5 Who e removeth the mountains, and
45''j^&5Iis-&8. they know not: who overturneth them
9. Jolh. 10. 13. m J t
bch.3.4,6.E2ek. m his anger.
ir2'//.?*27'20' 6 Who fhaketh the earth out of her
iCz'Xctf,!\f.^ place, and the f pillars thereof tremble.
kBab.^it.w.oj. 7 Who s commandeth the fun, and it
l»io-&4Br?5. rifeth not : , and h fealeth up the ftars.
8 Who alone ' fpreadeth out the hea-
f Heights. , , J
ich.38.3i,32,&c. vens, k and treadeth upon the + waves of
fr..5'8'Pi; the fea.
i^LhP"c^'nd 9 l Who maketh * A returns, Orion,
dren for their wickednefs, 5. Yet thy humble, fpeedy, and penitent, fupplication
to him for mercy would meet with due regard. 6. And wert thou thyfelf fincere
in heart, and upright in conduct, he would all of a fuddeji beftir himfelf to help thee,
and reftore thee and thy family to its wonted peace and profperity. 7. And, how
ever Idw and contemptible thy condition is at prefent, he would render thy happinefs
and glory more eminent than ever. 8 — 10. And, as you look on us as mere igno
rant upftarts, carefully inquire of the moft aged and beft informed, and they will affure
you that God never punifhed but for lin, and never rejected a penitent perfon.
JI, 12. And that, as ruihes and flags, without abundant moifture, quickly wither
of their own accord ; 13, 14. So, without true piety and a real enjoyment of the
divine favour, the higheft profeffions of religion, and the greateft profperity and moft
extenfive hopes of happinefs, will quickly iffue in apoftafy, infamy, difappointment,
and felf-wrought wretchednefs. 15. The wicked man may attempt to rely on
his friends, family, or wealth, and may exert himfelf to the utmoft to retain what
he has, but to no purpofe. 16. The external fmiles of providence may render his
.profperity remarkable for a little time; and his family, wealth; and honour, may
greatly flouriih and increafe. 17. He may appear deep-rooted amidft outward
enjoyments; and, in height of glory and apparent liability, may vie with the loftieft
buildings of marble; 18. But quickly fhall his native foil fwallow him up into
ruin; and he, and all that he had, fliall quickly difappear and be forgotten. 19.
Such is the mad and unfubftantialjoy of the wicked, and the iff je of their flouriihing
profperity, while others are exalted, from meannefs and poverty, to fill their place in
the world. 20. For— mark it as a certain and important truth — the mighty God
will never defpife, or loathe, or refufe to help and comfort, an upright faint ; nor will
he ftrengthen, fupport, or deliver, evil-doers, 21, 22.. Wert thnu perfect, or
thoroughly penitent, he would blefs thee till his favours had overwhelmed thee with
raptures of thankful praife : they who hate thee, and rejoice at thy prefent troubles,
fliould be confounded at thy reftoration,. while they and their' s fhould irrecoverably
ferifh. Chap. IX. Immediately Jolt replied, z. I know indeed that God is righteous,

23. 13. & 33. i3.
Sc 34. 29. Dan. 4.
3S- Pf. 135. 6. &.
115. 3.
p Heb. who can turn
hir.i away ?
Ch. 11. 10.

and Pleiades, and the chambers of the ct^o?
fouth. :
10 m Who doth great things paft find- "£«?&£• &
ing out ; yea, and wonders without num
ber. 11 n Lo, he goeth by me, and I fee "it'll. 3'8,,J,&
him not: .he pafleth on alfo, but I per
ceive him not.
1 2 "Behold, he taketh away, ? who can °f*l9fZ:?h6'
hinder him? who will fay unto him, \\\\tj$.\>f
What doft thou ?
13 q If' God will not withdraw his
anger, the proud helpers do ftoop under q.
u:m ch. 40.2, 11, 11.
Illlll. Ezek. 21.26. D:-.n.
14 r How much lefs fhall I anfwer him, rC,„"c,s° ,"«.".'
and choofe out my words to reafon with ,5,
hllTl ? s Ch. 10. ij. Rom. 3.
15 Whom, 'though I were righteous, i*; ££&%:.,
yet would I not anfwer, but I would make 24'25'
-> ,. _ ' tCh. 29.2— ;. Ger.
fupplication to my Judge. fe.&ViV»*
16 If ' I had called, and he had an- ffff^
fwered me, yet would u I not believe that 6- 'i-
he had hearkened unto my voice. ^sfifeVTffl:
if For he x breaketh me with a tern- fl'tS'
peft, and multiplieth my wounds ? with- y ^filfiitt.
out caufe. 'f „roo
z Ch. 7. 19. Pf. SS.
18 zHe will not fuffer me to take my '5-17-1^.9.15.
breath, but filleth me with abitternefs. " f li.^'slm"™:
26. L.i

b I Cor. 10. 22. Sc r.

19 If I fpeak of ftrength, lo, b he is
ftrong: and if of judgment, who c fhall b i^L-0;
fet me a time to plead?

c Ver. 32, 331 Pf.
143. 2.

and that he ordinarily punifhes the wicked and favqurs the godly. But what frail man
can, in your fenfe, be juft befoie God? 3. If God pleafe to call him to a Uriel
account, he cannot anfwer for one of a thoufand of his thoughts, words, or adlions.
4. And, while God is infinitely righteous, his knowledge, wifdom, and power, are
fo unbounded, that it is impoffible for any to harden himfelf in rebellion againft him
and peacefully profper. 5 — 10. Againfl htm, who can in a moment remove and
overturn the largeft mountains, — who can fhake the earch out of its place, and fliatter
i.'s rocky foundations, — who can at pleafure forbid the rifing of thc fun or ftiining of
the ftars, — who at pleafure fpreads out or difpelg the clouds, and triumphantly treads
upon the fwellfng waves of the fea, all being fubjecl to his will, — who makes and
governs all the ftarry conftellations which appear in the north or fouth parts of our
world ; 10. And does works unfearchably marvellous and unnumbered. 11. In
his providential difpenfations he can pafs before and attack me; can quickly pafs by and
ruih upon me, and continually fet his works before me ; and yet I cannot perceive
him, nor underftand them* 12. Behold ! he can fuddenly or forcibly fnatch away
whatever a man has, and none can refift his infinite power, or make him to reftore it,
or even bring him to account for his conduct. 13. If he, the object of our adora
tion, continue the difplays of his terrible majefty and almighty wrath in the infliction
of juft punifliments, thc moft proud, powerful, and fierce, helpers and avengers muft
yield to his influence, and confefs their inability to relieve us. 14. How then can
I, a poor, weak, unbefriended wretch, anfwer him in judgment; or choofe, give
fenfe to, and order, my words in debating with him ! 15. Though my cafe were
ever fo juft, nothing would become me, but to make humble fupplications to my
tremendous and omnifcient Judge, who contends with me. 16. And, if he had
gracioufly accepted my fupplication, and even promifed to grant the requeft of fuch a
popr and wretched creature as 1 am, I could not believe it. 17. Since, without
my being confcious of any uncommon wickednefs, he breaks me to pieces by a fiery-
whirlwind of his judgments, and multiplies my painful afflictions. 1%. He allows
me no interval from trouble, no eafe under it, but fills me with the moft tormenting
troubles and bitter griefs. 19. Should I be inclined, to difpute with him by force, lo !
he is infinitely more powerful than I. Should I be inclined to cite him at U,v, who,

Job wifhes to

Eefbre-Chrift cir. 1520.
d Ver. 2, 3. Prov.
27. 2. Luke 16,15.
Pf. 130. 3. Sc ict-j.
z. I Cor. 4. 4.
j John 1. t>, 10.
e Phil. 3. 3—9. If
64. 6. Luke 17. 10.
Gen. 32. 10. ch.
7. 16.
fEccl. 9. 1, 2. Ezek.
SI. 3.

5 Ch. 1. 13—19 Sc
,27. 20, ii. Sc 34.
20. Pf. 80. 5.
h Ezek. 21.13. Zech.
13. 9. 1 Pet. 1. 7.
& 4. 12. Heb. 11.
36, 37-
i Jer. 12. 1,2. Pf. 73.
3, 7. Sc 17. 14.
Dan. 7. 7, 25.
kPf. 69.23. &81.
12. Efth. 7. 8. or
If. 29. 10.
I Ch. 7. 6. Pf. 39. 5,
Sc 90. 6, 9. & 103.
15, 16. Jam. 4. 14.
i Cor. 7. 31. Hab,
J. 8. Lam. 4. 19.
.ch. 39. 27—30.

m Ch. 7. 13.

n Ot Jlrengihen.
Amos 5. 9.
• Pf. 119. 120. & 88
16. & 77. 3 — 9.
p Exod. 20. 7. Pf,
130. 3.

q 2 Pet. 2. 2C— 22.
Ezek. 18. 24. Pf.
73- 13-

20 If I djuftify myfelf, mine own
mouth fhall condemn me ; If I fay, I am
perfect, it fliall alfo prove me perverfe.
2 1 Though e I were perfect, yet would
I not know my foul: I would defpife my
life. 22 This is f one thing, therefore I
faid it, he deftroyeth the perfect and the
wicked. 23 If s the fcourge flay fuddenly, he
will laugh at the h trial of the innocent.
24 ' The earth is given into the hand
of the wicked: he k covereth the faces of
the judges thereof; if not, where and who
is he ?
25 Now my days are ' fwifter than a
poft ; they flee away, they fee no good.
26 They are paffed away as the fwift
fhips ; as the eagle that hafteth to the
prey. 27 m If I fay, I will forget my com
plaint, I will leave off my heavinefs, and
n comfort myfelf-,
28 I ° am afraid of all my forrows, I
know that thou p wilt not hold me in
nocent. 29 If I be wicked, why then labour I
q in vain ?

O B. reafon with God.
30 If I * wafh myfelf with fnow T™£
water, and make my hands never fo rier.2.22.&.8.,4.
, ' J 'pr. is. 20. &73:
clean; ' _ Wtsf^f
31 Yet fhalt thou s plunge me in the spr.ij0.3.&,43.2.
ditch, and mine own clothes fhall r ab- t*^"fifc
hr,r ry-,r= abhorred. Prov.
Or me. 21.27. Luke 16.
32 JPor he is u not a man as I am, that ^2cl6lSK]4u
I fhould anfwer him, and we fhould come K^ViZ
together in judgment. v-v-m-i,*-*,
22 Neither is there "any * day's- man n^™ «***»«
betwixt us, that might x lay -his hand *ot arbitrator.
upon us both.

x 1 Sam. 2. 25. ver.
19. with iTm.2.
34 Let him take his rod away from fiH& ».¦£.*'•
me, and let not his fear ? terrify me : Y%%l]'s?ec%:
25 Then would I fpeak, and not fear *& '*•"•"¦
him; + but it is not fo with me. ifK)lhm1M.mt
C H A . P. X.
Here Job, in great confufion, continues his complaint t°
God, perhaps hardly knowing all that he had faid'
( 1 ) He complains that the hardjhips which God had
put upon him did' not well become his infinite goodnefs,
knowledge, and power; I — 7. (2) He comforts
himfelf that he was in the hands of that God who
had formed him, and pleads for . his pity; 8 — 13.
(3) He again complains of God's feverity towards
him, in ftriclly marking his fins, and fearfully pu-
nijhing him for them; and that his life feemed given
him to render him miferable; 14 — 19. (4) He
prays for death, in hopes that it would comfort him;
20 — 22.

Reflections upon Chap. IX. — O the infinite greatnefs of
God! And what is man, fo mean, fo finful, that he fhould be mind
ful of him ! How incapable of advancing a juftifying righteouf
nefs before him ! Dreadful is the cafe of thofe devils and men who
harden themfelves againft him. His excellencies are plainly
marked in his works of creation and providence. Happy are they
whofe God is Jehovah! and inexpreffibly miferable his moft
powerful and -proud oppofers ! In inconteftible fovereignty he often
afflicts the righteous, and prcfpers the wicked. And it is hard to
complain much of our troubles without mingling fomewhat re
proachful to God. Let therefore the thoughts of my own mean
nefs, finfulnefs, and mortality, keep my mind low and filent before
him. It is his mercy, not my merits, that muft be my only

plea. Conceit of my finlefs perfection, and of the worth of my
righteoufnefs, will but manifeft my ignorance of the fpirituality of
his law, and of my own corruption. Let -me always ftand in awe
of him and the power of his wrath. Let me tenderly pity fuch as
are wounded in fpirit, and earneftly pray for them, as they can
fometimes fcarcely pray for themfelves: Let me always entertain
•kind and honourable thoughts of God ; as hard thoughts of him
are inlets to much fin and forrow.- But, above all, let me blefs
him that Jefus Chrift is the Mediator between himfelf and me,
and that my foul is not under extreme anguifh and difquiet. And,
while I walk in the light of the Lord, let me rejoice therein, but
rejoice with trembling. Who knows what change a night or a
day may bring forth !

higher than he, could be our judge, and appoint us a time or place of hearing ? 20.
Though 1 am guilcy of no allowed crime, yet his majefty and hoiinefs would make me
to condemn myfelf: and, though I be no hypocrite, my attempts to juftify myfelf
before him would prove me perverfe. 21. Though I were ever fo perfect, I durft
not, on my own confeioufnefs, debate the matter with him, nor iufift that my foul
were really fuch in his view ; but I would undervalue, difapprove, and loathe, my
practice before his infinite hoiinefs; and would rather lole my life than dare to con
tend with one of boundlefs majefty. 22. All that I have affirmed and infill upon is
this important truth, that God, in fovereignty, fearfully afflicts the righteous as well
as the wicked. 23. When the moft fearful calamities fall upon and fuddenly kill
men, he often, with feeming pleafure, for their trial, grievoufly afflicts the moft
innocent. 24. Who but he profpers the wicked, and gives the earth to be paffefi'cd
and ruled by fuch as blind judges, by bribery or mifinformation, or condemn them to
death for their righteous decifions ? 25, 26. I myfelf am an inftance of his fove
reign management. My days of profperity have quickly pafled away without fub-
ftantial comfort ; and my natural life, amidft inexpreffible mifery, pofts on to an end,
more fwiftly than the boat of paper reeds is hurried down the rapid ftream, or thc

hungry eagle alights upon his prey. 27, 28. If I attempt to forget my calamities,
lay afide my mournful looks, pluck up my fpirits, and caufe my face to fhine with a
fmile, my tormenting pains and fornows terrify my mind ; and I find by experience
that thou, O God, wilt not remove my trouble, as if I were innocent. 29. I fee
that I fhall be held and punifhed as one that is wicked— Why then do 1 thus fatigu'e
myfelf in vindicating my innocency ? 30. Though I could waih myfelf by the
moft effectual vindications, and thoroughly purge- my pradice with purity itfelf,
31. Thou, O infinitely hoi f God, wouldft plunge me into depths of noifome aSi'tlions
and of filthy ulcers ; and my difcovered wickednefs and manifeft troubles fhould hold
me forth as quite abominable. 32. For God is fo infinitely above me, that lean-
not, dare not, enter into a debate or plea with him. 33. Neither, indeed, is any
umpire or arbiter to be found who could order us to filence, or oblige us both to ftand
to his award. 34, 35. If he would remove from off me this heavy trouble, and
not terrify me with the dread of his power and majefty, then would I freely fpeak,
without any (laviih fear of him, in my own vindication ; for I am not fuch an hypo
crite as you allege. But, alas ! forrows and fears opprefs my fpirit.

yb

* Or cut og
live.

bitterly complains of God's dealings CHAP
g?_]WFY foul is *» weary of my life; I
¦while i i.V-L b will leave my complaint upon

X.

with him as too fever e.

Before Chrift
j;ir. 15

my complaint upon
9 myfelf; c I will fpeak in the bitternefs
,ffin.g,9- 4- Jon. Qf my fo^
bch.7.i.-&i3'3- 2 I will fay unto God, Do not d con-
cch.6.2-4.&i6. demn me; e fhew me wherefore thou
pV?32- j-5-' contendeft with me.
aP;ov.i7.i5.Ro„, ^ js :f good untQ thee that thou
ech.34-31.32. f fhouldeft opprefs, that thou fhouldeft
Lam. 3.40. _ ,
fNam.n. is-Ruth defpife, "the work of thine hands, and
pf.«ii.tavu: h fliine upon the counfel ofthe wicked ?
IXXXVUl. A
gpf.i38.8.ver.8. 4 Haft thou 'eyes of flefh? or feeft
. EPk. 2. jo. & 3. 9. thou asman feeth?
f Heb. labour.
UK,,. 3-11. jer. 5 ^4r<? thy kdays as the days of man?
iiir^t'^ *™ thy years -as man's days,
II4- 6 That thou '.inquireft after mine
jtPi.^.2,4.2 .t. j^qyjj^.^ an(j fearcheft after my fin?
'V^-Vsl: • 7 Thou m knoweft that I am not
mpf .17.J.&26.J, wicked ; .and there is n none that can de-
1.&IJ9.I,2,23, .
24. if. 38- 3- hver out of thine hand.
n Deut. 32. 39. Jonn
10. 29. PJ. 50. 22.
ch. 9. 13
0 Pf. 139.

8 Thine hands ° have + made me and
IS)36 & fafhioned me together round about ; yet

'•'¦ri;.aen4.V7: thou doft p deftroy me.

& 44. 2.. '

9 Remember, I befeech thee, that thou
.ver. 16. haft made me q as the clay ; and wilt thou

% Heb. taken pains
about.

10 s Haft thou not poured me out as

If. 64. 8, 9. Jon. 4. . . .-
•°- bnn p- me into r duft again r
q If. 45. 9. & 64. 8,
Jer.i8.6.ch 33.6.
'K'^'.'Ecci.19' milk, and curdled me like cheefe?
12.7. j j Xhou haft ' clothed me with fkin
LcoTs '1*7 and flefh, and haft H fenced me with bones
2Pet. ,: ,4.' and finews.
u cen. 2! 7* mm. 6. I2 Thou haft granted me u life and

13 And thefe things haft thou x hid in ^^1520?
thine heart : 1 know that this is with xR~m.ii. 33. Ecci.
8. 7. If. 40. 14.
thee. p^. 25.2.
14 If I fin, then thou " mark eft me, '^'t
and thou wilt znot acquit me from mine zE)[<x,.M''7.&M,
• , 7. Amos 3. 2.
i. y " a ir. 3. 11. Rom. zi
15 aIf I be wicked, wo unto me; and, 8>?-
bif I be righteous, 71?/ will I not lift up bf'j°^-Jt
my head, /aw full of confufion ; there- 3J;,j°-PhJ^^-,
fore cfee thou mine afflicfion ; cew. 3.7. pf.25.
1 6 For it increafeth. Thou d hunteft me i-a'm. "20'.1"
as a fierce lion: and again thou e fhe weft d,c.3Hof?sL,4m'£
thyfelf marvellous upon me. eZult-tl
1 7TI10U rene weft thy fwitneffes againft
me, and increafeft thine

. . . f That is, thy plagues.
indignation ch.i6.8.&6.4.

upon me ; s changes and war are againft E % a&u*!?'
r ° ° Amos 3. 2. John
me. 16.33. » -rim. j.
12. Rev. 3. 19.
1 8 h Wherefore then haft thou brought Heb- "¦ 6-
- hch-3.11.Nnm.14, 2, $. Jer. 15. 10. Sc
20. 17, 18. Eccl. 4,
3. Sc 6. 3-S.

fhAT+pfzt favour ; and thy vifitation hath preferved
my fpirit.

9, 10.

me forth out of the womb ? Oh that I
had given up the ghoft, and no eye had
feen me !
19 I fhpuld have been as though I had
not been ; I fhould have been carried from
the womb to the grave.
20 i Are not my days few ? ceafe then, ' &' g'i' pf. ^3*
and let me alone, that I may take com
fort a little,
21 Before I go whence I k fhall not re- kztZ'f,z~Jz°i.
turn, even to the 'land of darknefs and , Cl"3 ^ I4_I9
the fhadow of death ;
22 A land of darknefs, as darknefs
itfelf; and of the fhadow of death, with
out any order, and where the light is as
darknefs.

Pf. 88.6, 12,18. &
23. 4. with Exo4*
10. 21—23.

Reflections upon Chap. X. — To be weary of life, before
God fend us our difcharge, is to be unfaithful to the poft which
he hath given us to maintain. In fuffering times we fhould in
quire into their caufe, that we may anfwer their end; and chiefly
plead for the removal of our fin, and of the condemnation on ac
count of it. But thofe,. who are awed by the majefty of God,
eften attempt eafmg their mind in finful referttments. And under
extraordinary troubles it is hard to forbear impeaching the goodnefs
or equity of God by finful murmurings. The moft humble pray
ers are often mingled with the moft peevifh and proud expoftula-
tions. Neither the views of his omnifcient difcernment of all our
fins, nor the almighty power of his correcting hand, can awe our
fouls into quiet fubmiffion. Nothing but the largeft fupplies of

grace can bridle the tongue in fuch a cafe. But, when God hides
himfelf as a Saviour, his work, as a Maker and Preferver, fhould
lead us to admiration and thankfulnefs. When he changes his
way towards us we are to believe that he hath reafons hid for it in
his heart, which will be fhortly manifefted. Alas ! how fin ftares
the beft of men in the face when God lays them under heavy
troubles ! Happy are they whofe iniquities are pardoned, and in
whom the fruit of afflictions is to take away the iin that procured
them. But if fins be great, troubles heavy, life and its comforts
fhort, death and it's darknefs near, let us give ourfelves unto prayer.
Every trouble is a call from God ; and every moment of reprieve
from death is an opportunity to prepare for it.

Chap. X. My foul hurlls afunder with wearinefs of being detained in the cords
of -natural life. I will therefore perrr.ic my complaints to vent themfelves freely, be
the iffue what it will. I will fpeak fervently in the bitter anguifh of my foul. 2. I
Will fay to God, Do not condemn and punifh me us a wicked man, but caufe me to
know for what fin or reafon I am ft) peculiarly afBiclcd. 3. Is it either pleafant,
profitable, or honourable, to thee, or is it juft and equal, that thou ihouldeft fpoil me
*f all I had, and thus load me- with tormenting troubles .' or that, with an enraged
Vot. I.

mind, thou ihouldeft contemn the work of thine hands as good for nothing but to be
a fpectacle of mifery? or that, by thy providential difpenfations, thou fhouldeft appear
to confirm the thoughts, or encourage the practices, of the wicked? 4 — 6. Are
thy views of my conduct and irate fhoit-fightcd, biaffed, or malignant? Are thy days
fo fhort that thou muft punifh me in this fudden and feveve manner all at once? Are
thy refearches after truth tedious, that thou fhouldeft thus by tortures attempt to force
a confeffion of guilt from me ? 7. Thou canft not but know that I am no hypo-
5K

Zophar charges Job with pride, &c.

J O B.

Repentance fecures deliverance

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

CHAP. XI.
Job's wounds were ftill hheding and fore running; but
Zophar, another friend, proceeding on the fame plan
with the two former, pours more vinegar into them.
( 1 ) He exhibits a high charge againft Job, as guilty
of pride and falfehood in juftifying himfelf; 1 — 4.
(2) He appeals in this matter to God; and begs that
he would take Job to- tafk, and convince him of his
unerring wifdom, inviolable juftice, unfearchable per
fection, inconteftible fovereignty, uncontrolable power,
and of his exacl cognizance of mankind; 5 — 12.
(3) He affures Job that, upin his repentance and
reformation, God would reftore him to his wonted prof
perity and fafety; 13 — ig: but, if he continued
wicked, it was in vain to expeel it; 20.
THEN anfwered Zophar the Naa-
mathite, and faid,
2 Should not the J multitude of words
be anfwered ? and fhould * a man full of
talk be juftified ?
3 Should thy + lies make men hold
their peace? and, when thou bmockeft,
fhall no man make thee afhamed ?
4 For thou haft faid, c My doctrine is
d & 34.^6.1 3';"'. Pure> and I dam clean in thine eyes.
5 But c O that God would fpeak, and
open his lips againft thee ;
man. 2. 28. Eph. 3. 6 And that he would fhew thee the
RorTii'.'/j,'/;. f fecrets of wifdom, that they are double
g e^ 9., j, Lam. to thatwhich is ! know therefore that
!fp[%ch-033' God s exacfeth of thee lefs than thine ini-
hEcci.3. 11. Rom. quity deferveth.
21- 33. iCor. 2. Q. J- •> _ J _

a A£ls 17. 18. Jam.
I. 10. Prov. 10.
19. Eccl. 5. 7.
* Heb. a man of lips.

f Or devices.
b Ch. 6. 14, 15, 25
26. Sc la. 3, 7,

cCh. 6.1c, 30. &42.
7,8.

e Ch. y. 35. with
xxxviii — xii.

Eph. 3. 18, 19. ch.
26. 14. Sc 36. 26.

7 Canft thou by fearching h find out

God ? canft thou find out the Almighty
unto perfect ion ?
8 It is + as high ' as heaven ; what canft
thou do ? deeper" than hell ; what canft
thou know ?
9 The meafure thereof is longer than
the earth, and broader than the fea.
10 k If he H cut off, and fhut up, or
gather together, then ' who can hinder
him ?
1 1 For he m knoweth vain men : he
feeth wickednefs alfo ; will he not then
confider it?
12 For n vain man would be wife,
though, man be born like a wild afs's colt.
13 If thou u prepare thine heart, and
ftretch out thine hands toward him ;
1 4 If iniquity he p in thine hand, 1 put
it far away, and let not wickednefs r dwell
in thy tabernacles.
1 5 For then fhalt thou s lift up thy
face without fpot; yea, thou fhalt be
ftedfaft, and fhalt not fear :
16 Becaufe thou fhalt 'forget thy
mifery, and remember /'/ as waters that
pafs away :
iju And thine age * fhall be clearer
than the noon day ; thou fhalt fhine forth,
thou flialt be as the morning.
18 And x thou fhalt be fecure, becaufe
there is hope; yea, thou fhalt dig about

Before Chrift
'cir. 1520.

X Heb. the heights tf
heaven.
i Pf. 92. J. Rom. II,
33. Pi. 147. 5.
fcph. 3, 18, io,

k Ch. 12. 14. Rev. ,
' 7-Pf-4i-8.0eui. 32.30,39. Pi. 76.
7. Exod. 18. 11.
II Or male a change.
1 Heb. who can turn
him away? Ch. cv
4, 12.
m J«. 17. 10. Heb.
4. 13. Rev. 2. 23:
n Heb. empty. Pf. 62.
?.& 73.22.8:92.
6. & 94. 8. ch. 30.
J. Jer. 2. 23, 24.
Eeci. 3. 18. Rom.
2. 21,
0 Ch. 5. 8. & 22, 21.
z Chr. 12. 14. Sc.
19. 3. Pi. 143. 6.
plf. 1. 15.Pf.26.IO.
& 66. 18.
qjam. 4. 8. 1 Tim.
z. 8. Pf. 24. 4. Si
20. 8.
r Jer. 4, 14.& 13. 27.
s Ch, 22. 26. Sc 10.
IS.- 1 John 3. 21.
with Gen. 4. 5, 6.
% Cor. 1. 12.
tGen. 41. 51. If. 54,
4- & 65. 16. Joha
16. 21. Prov. 31."
6,7-
i»pr. 37.6.&112.4.
Mic. 7. 9. Piul. 2.
15. If. 58.8, I3„
Prov. 4. 18. song
6. 10.
* Heb. fliall arife
above the noon-day,
xPf. 127. 2, Lev. 261
5. Prov, 3. 24. Pf.
4.8. &j. s.Ezekj
34- 25.

crite, and that if thou punifh none can deliver me from thy judgments. 8. By
thy creating power I have been curioufly and elaborately bound together with finews;
bound together in my whole frame : and wilt thou, as a raging lion, utterly tear-me
afunder, and fwallow me up ? 9. Remember that thou, as my Potter, hafl: formed
Jne out of the clay; and wilt thou, in this fudden and fearful manner, fo quickly reduce
ine to duft by death? 10. Didft thou not, in the womb, purify my fubftance as
milk, and curdle and compacl the liquid matter of which my body was framed ?
11. Didft thou not cover my inward parts with ikin and flefli, and curioufly fence
and weave me together with bones and finews? 12. Didft thou not grant me the
entrance and continuance of life ? And halh not thy providential care and kindnefs
preferved me from dangers and death? 13. And, notwithftanding, hadft thou a
iecret purpofe thus to afflict me? — I find, by experience, that it was then determined
with thee, 14. That, if I ihould iin, thou wouldeft watch over me to punifh me,
without the leaft patience, pardon, or pity. 15 That, if I fhould be wicked, fear
ful judgments ihould fall upon me; and, though I fliould live holy and innocent, I
Ihpuld neverthelefs be opprefled with trouble. I am full of confufion and fliame, on
account of my uncommon circumftances ; therefore look with pity on my inex
preffible mifery. 16. Shall my trouble ftill increafe, and exalt itfelf over me?
Wilt thou-follow me clofe with plagues, as a fierce lion hunteth his prey ? Wilt thou,
}>y repeated ftrokes of vengeance, fet me up as a diftinguiihed fpeclacle of thy mar
vellous power and wrath to all around me ? 17. Wilt thou bring frefh plagues upon
me, as witnefles of thy continued difpleafure ? Wilt thou ftill afflicl me more and more ?
Shall nothing but divers forms and multitudes o| trouble affault me? 18. Why
then didft thou bring me out of the womb at all? Why did not I die in the womb,
without ever being fecn on this wretched earth? 19. Or die in the birth, that I
might have been carried from the womb to the grave? 20. Shall not the momen
tary duration of my life quickly ceafe? Shall I not then be allowed a fliort reprieve
from trouble, 21, 22. Before I go to the dark regi.-.i of the grave, where there is
no orderly fucceffion of day and night, fummer and winter, labour and reft, but one
fsrpetual night of grofs darknefs?

Chap. XI. Then Zophar the Naamathite replied, z. Doft thou think to ftog
our mouths with a multitude of word,s, or by thy talkativenefs to perfuade hs thou art
innocent? 3. Muft no one confute thy falfe allegations concerning thine own
innocence or God's difpenfations of providence ? And, when thou haft fo infolenfly
fcoffed at God and thy friends, muft none expofe thee to ihame by pointing forth
thy wickednefs ? 4. Wilt thou dare pretend to God himfelf that thou art quits
pure and unfpotted in thy principles and praclice ? 5. Truly my earneft wifli is,
that he would fully and freely debate the caufe with thee, and confute thy miftakes 5,
6. And that he would fhew thee the hidden methods of his providence, and reafons
of his wife counfels, which infinitely tranfeend thy conceptions, and make thee' ta
know that thou halt deferved far more affliclion than has been laid upon thee*
7. Dareft thou pretend, by thy inquiries, fully to know the fecrets of his providence*
or the reafons of his procedure ! 8, 9. Thou mayeft fooner meafure the height of
heaven, or fathom the depth of hell, and defcribe the,furfaces and boundaries of the?
earth and fea. jo. If he attack a perfon or family, and fhut them op io chains on
nets of affliclion, or bring them to his public tribunal, who can refift or refute.him, or
caufe him to reftore them to liberty? 11. For he knoweth the lovers of, and dealers
in, falfehood and vanity. He exaclly obferves -and- underftands what emptinefs and
wickednefs takes place, however unimportant it appears to »s, and thus ;hath reafon*
for inflicling trouble that men overlook. 12. Let then the dull and felf-concejted,
pretender to knowledge, who juft now fpoke, be endued with folid wifdom; and'letj
him, who appears as rude and blockilh as an afs,' be formed into a man- 6f underftand
ing. 13. If thou art truly wife, forbear difputingi and, in the exercife of faith}
and hearty repentance, apply thyfelf to humble fupplication. 14. Reform thyfelf
and family from whatever wickednefs thou haft indulged. 15. Thus flialt thou be
quickly delivered from thy loathfome difeafe and lamentable condition, and be firmly
eftabliflied in hoiinefs and happinefs. 16. The greatnefs of thy profperity fliall
make thee forget all thy prefent trouble, as if it had never been. -17. The remain
der of thy life ihall be filled up with the' moil glorious and ever-increafing felicity*
Thy prefent labour, under confounding trouble,' ihall iffue in a frefli, clear, and plea*
fant, morning of profperity. 18. Thy mind ihall ie quiet, and free from terrors;
"8 * "" '

Job derides Zophar and his friends.

CHAP. XI. XII.

The wicked often profper.

Bc1r0.r«s2o.'1 thee, and thou flialt take thy reft in
* fafety. 19 Alfo thou flialt lie down, and none
rt2?&ii,:26.20. ' fhall make thee afraid; yea, x many fhall
,^. entreat, hy f ^^ f^ untQ ^^
*^:i,izt.,"i7. 2° But ^e eyes of the wicked 'fhall

69>3'li- fail, and a they ihall not efcape.
b. flgh. : full U 1 • , /I SI I -II • •
fj??ftc,', their nope hall be-as + the giving

&^.tts. their h°pe Jhall
b ck. s. i4. & 18. the ghoft.
14. Jer. 2. 25. '-'.
Ezek. 37. 11.

and
^upof

J Or aft' °f breath.

CHAP.

XII.

In this and the two following chapters Job replies to
Zophar ; and, as formerly, firft reafons with his
friends and then expoftulates with his God. Here,
in his addrefs to his friends, ( I ) He condemns the
judgment which they had all given of his characler,
and complains of the pride and cruelty with which
they had given it ; I — 5. (2) He contradids what
they had fetid of the certain mifery of the wicked in
this Ufe ; and Jhews, by the moft glaring evidences,
that they often profper; 6 — II. (3) He confents
to that which they had faid of God's wifdom, power,
and fovereignty, over all men, and confirms and en
larges on it; 12 — -25.

p. Ch 28 .
• 8, 10,

AND Job anfwered and faid,
2 No doubt but ye are * the

bc'h^'3.2. 2Cor. and wifdom fhall die with you
¦ ». f*_ tA. At If.. TT- U T"4 T 1 # "I ("1 1 •

people,

11. 3, 16. & 12. 1
*-Heb. an heart

¦2 b-But I have * underftanding as well
* Heb. an heart. J . O
tnets. 1 fa,, no, as you ; t I flffl not inferior to you : yea,
i tz,hn knoweth not fuch things as

+ who
$ Heb. with whom 1 ., .
are not fuch as thefe .
thefe?

Reflections upon Chap. XI.. — It is highly indecent and fin
ful to be abufive and paffionate in religious controverfy; and cruel
to deal harfhly with them whofe fpirits the Lord has wounded.
Harfh cenfures readily exceed the bounds of truth. Such as are
forward in giving the lie to others are ordinarily too guilty of falfe
hood themfelves : and none are more forward in making their
appeals to God than they whofe caufe is bad. How little we
know of God's unbounded excellencies, or ofthe myfteries of his
wifdom and will ! men often talk well concerning them to ferve a
bad purpofe. But furely it is very unreafonable to complain under
troubles, when we have not only a God of deep counfels and un-
fearchable perfections to deal with; but, in providence, have a
mixture of undeferved mercy in the moft fevere afflictions we meet
with. Men often proudly imagine they know much when they are
amazingly ignorant : and, the more ignorant they are, fo are they

in the well-grounded confidence of God's favour and proteclion. Thou flialt dig thy
wells of water, or entrench thyfelf for fecurity, and nothing fhall d.ifturb thee or thine.
19. And, whilft thou art in perfect peace, without any thing to difqui.'t thee, many,
even of the great, fliall humbly court thy .favour and friendfhip. 20. But wicked men
Ihall never enjoy the happin.i's they defire or expect ; their refuge from, help under,
or efcape out of, mifery, is utterly perilhcd. Their firmeft hope of happinefs is but
as a noify puff of breath, or giving up of the ghoft, all on a fudden leaving them
miferable and defperate.
Chap, XII. To this Job replied, 2. No doubt, you think yourfelves the only
men upon earth who undcrilanil divine things, by whofe death all folid knowledge will
be rooted out from the world 3. But, believe it, I, and even the weakeft of man
kind, underftood all that yu have faid of God's infinite wifdom, power, and juftice.
4. I am indeed infolently mocked by you, my fellow profeiioia, even while jcu pro--

4 I c am as one mocked of his neigh- ^Ti^o?

bour, who calleth upon God, and he c ch. 16. ¦?, 20. a
d anfwereth him : the juft upright man is fij^iif6-
e laughed to" fcorn. <i jer. 12. 1-3. pr.
5 He that is f ready to flip with his feet *chr.ii3.7.7'
is as a lamp defpifed * in the thought oF^o.14 z'Mirk
him that is at eafe. fDt'ut,ft!I^p!;
 l<j Io, 17. 6c 94.
6 hThe tabernacles of robbers profper, ,8- -'er- 'J- ,6-
and they that provoke God are fecure ; ": '9-
into whofe hand God bringeth abund- ^Cstsff1'ffc%
, " 73. 3,11. & 92. 7.
antly. jer.5.28. &,z. %.
~ — 3- Hab. 1. 3, 4.
7 ; But afk now the beafts, and they fc£ "• *¦ Mal-
fhall teach thee ; and the fowls of the air, i p™. 6. e. ir 1. ,.
Vi 1, 1 Jer. a. 7. Rom. 1.
and they fhall tell thee: ilifi\],\'f
8 Or fpeak to the earth, and it fhall
teach thee : and the fifties of the fea fhall
declare unto thee.
q Who knoweth not in all thefe that k "eb- »• 'v?- ,
s Kom, 11. jo. Col.
k the hand of the Lord hath wrought ^.'V7' Pl0v' *
this ?
10 ' In whofe hand' is the

1 Num. r6. 22. Dan.
r i r 5-23- Aas.17.25,
foul of 28- *""• »• 2'-

every living thing, and the breath of * all ll0lhr''
J . t> &' *Heb. ollfefhtf ;
mankind. mm-
11 m Doth not the ear try words, and rafcor?io'.*?'^"
the t mouth tafte his meat ? tntb^to,
12 n With the ancient is wifdom, and n a,, s. s. & 32. 6.
in length of days underftanding. „.£J.' ch. g. ± &
1 2 With ° him is wifdom and ftrength, ti.tfsViifz.
he hath counfel and underftanding. ?/hS\Pr!OT"^
q *4" Jam- *• 5-

the more unfettled and ungovernable. But in trouble' there is need
of a thorough reformation of ourfelves and families. Yea," to have
our nature changed, our heart lifted up to God in holy defires and
felf dedication, and our practice reclined. And the moft holy con
fidence towards God; holy compofure in our own mind; com
fortable reflection on troubles; and joyful expectation of peace,
joy, and honour ; attend upon fincere and gofpel repentance. If
God eftablifh us we fliall not fail; nor need we fear what all the
powers of hell and earth can do againft us. Though we may for a
little fuffer an eclipfe, we fhall at laft, without fpot, fhine forth in
the kingdom of our Father. If the anchor of our hope be fixed
on the faithfulnefs of God, no florins can hurt or endanger our
fecurity. — But unavoidable mifery awaits the impenitent; and, if
not before, the hope of the wicked always expires in death.

mife me great profperity in anfwer to my prayers. But it has been thc common lot.
of upright men to be made the butts of dcrifion by their wicked neighbours. r. The
beft of men, when reduced to the point of pcrifliing, are .generally contemned ani
hiffed at by thr.ie who wallow in worldly eafe and affluence. 6. But it is cei lairs
that the moft wicked and mifchievons perfons often profper remarkably in this world. .
7, 8. The beafts and fowls which they live upon, or are ferved by, can teach you. pre
tenders to wifdom this: the earth, that affords them her plentiful and delicious fruu-:,
and the filhes of the fea, which gratify their appetites, plainly manilelt this.
9, io. And even the moft ftupid of mankind muft know that this i6 ordered by the
providence of God, who is the Creator, Prefeivtr, and Governor, of both animals and
men. n, 12. Cannot our mind diftinguilh. truth from falfehood as exactly as the.
palate can do fweet from bitter? And the older we grow the more wife we ought to
become. 13. Much more with the eternal God is there wifdom to knew, all, and
ftrength to do every thing. He never miftakes in-hii conceptions, nor ni'lcarries in,
5 E z

God's -power , wifdom, &c.

O B.

Job defends himfelf.

before Chrift
cir, 1520.
pCh.g. 11. & 12.10,
Mal. 1.4. jer. ifc.
7. ii. 22,. %%, Gen.
20. j8. Rev. 3, 7,
Ff. 8Si. 6, 8.
% Heb. a/ on.
q Gen. 8. %. iKin.
17. 1. Nah, 1. 4.'
2cch. 10 1 1. Cen.
7. 11. 2 Pet. 3.
5*6.
r Sec ver. ij,
s Ezek. 14. 9. 1 Thef.
1. ii. 1 Kin. 22.
Z2.If. 19. 14. Mat.
14. 24. Rev. 23.
2, 8.
t zSam. 15. ji. &"
17. 14, 23. If. 19.
iz., 13. 1 Cor. i,
19,20. & 3.19, 20.
ch» 5. 13, 14.
tiPf. 2.3. Dan. 2. 21.
xPf. 66. n. Luke
17- 8. Pf. 107. 10.
y Jofh. xii. 2 Sam.
viii, x.
zCh.^.g.If. 3.2—
4. zSam. 1*5. 31.
Mat. 25. 2b, 29.
Zech. 11. 17.
frHeb. the lip of the
faithful.
aPf. 107. 40. Afls
12. £3. Dan. 2.21.
* Or hofeth the girdle
of the ftrong.
biKin. 6. 10—12.
Dan. 2. 22. Mat.
jo. 26. 1 Cor. 2.
10, 11. & 4. 5.
Eccl. 7. 24.
c Deut. 28. 4, 11,
Pf. icy. 38, 39.

iRom.1.21. Pf.107.
4,40. Gen. 20. 13.
If. 63. 17. 1 Cor, j.
19, 20. Jofh. 2. 9.
Num. 14. 33.

14 Behold, he p breaketh down, and
it cannot be built again : he fhutteth + up
a man, and there can be no opening.
15 Behold, *he*withholdeth the wa
ters, and they dry up :" alfo he fendeth
them out, and they overturn the earth.
16 rWith him is ftrength and wifdom:
the s deceived and the deceiver are his.
I 7 'He leadeth couniellors away fpoiled,
and maketh the judges fools.
1 8 He u loofeth the bond of kings, and
x girdeth their loins with a girdle.
1 9 He y leadeth princes away fpoiled,
and overthrow eth the mighty.
20 z He removeth away H the fpeech
of the trufty, and taketh away the un
derftanding ofthe aged.
2 1 aHe poureth contempt upon princes,
and * weakeneth the ftrength of the
mighty. 22 He bdifcovereth deep things out of
darknefs, and bringeth out to light the
fhadow of death.
23 He c increafeth the nations, and
deft royeth them : he enlargeth the na
tions/ and ftraiteneth them again.
24 He d taketh away the heart of the
chief of the people of the earth, and
caufeth them to wander in a wildernefs
where there is no way.

Before Chrift .
cir. 1520.
eGen. 19. II. If. 50.
10. z Kin. 6. 18.
f Heb. wandir. PC,
107. 27. If. 19, ,4,
Sc 24. 20.

25 They e grope in the dark without.
light, and he maketh them to f ftagger
like a drunken man.
CHAP. XIII.
Here Job continues his addrefs to his friends, in which
( 1 ) He maintains that he was not their inferior in
knowledge. (2) He condemns them, as guilty of
falfehood, rajh judging, partiality, and deceitfulnef,.
under pretence of pleading God's caufe; 4.' — 8:
threatens them with the judgments of God on account
of it ; o, — 1 2 : and defires them to be Jilent ; 5, 13,.
17. They complying with his wijh, (3) He turns
his addrefs to God, in which ' His faith is feme-
times very bold and ftrong ; 15, 16, 18 : * His paf-
fion is too warm in exp filiating concerning his e'x--
treme diftrefs ; 14, 19 : in complaining of the con
fufion he was in; 20, 21, 22: and of the rigour of
God's procedure againft him, who was fo mean and.
unable to bear it; 23 — 28.
O, a mine eye hath feen all this ; '^S&h.*
mine ear hath heard and under
ftood it.
2 b What ye know, the fame do I" know
alfo : I am not inferior unto you.
2 Surely I c would fpeak to the- Al
mighty, and I defire to reafon with God.
4 But ye are d forgers- of lies;, ye. are all
phyficians of no value-
c, O e that ve would alto°;ether hold ePra"-i7.-2fAm05
J J o 5- II- Eccl. 5. J.
your peace, and it fhould be your wif
dom. 6 {Hearnowmyreafoning, andhearken.-.f
to the pleadings of my lips.

12.?.
II. 5, 10, 22, 3.J.,
& 12. 11.

c Ch.,11.5. Sees. zi.
35. Sc zi..]— 7. &
31.35. If. 1. 18. &
41.21. &43. 26.
d Ch 42.7,8. &l6...
2. Sc zr. 34. Sc 11.
3. 1 Tim. 1. 7.
Zech. 11. 17.

Ch. 6.13. & 33. Ir-
3. & 34. z. Sc 36.
2. 2Chr. 13. 4, 5..

Reflections upon Chap. XII. — Nothing is more difgufting
and ofFenfive than proud boafting ; and a high conceit of our own
importance is extremely foolifli and finful : contempt is all that is
ordinarily gained by it. It is but juft to allow others a fhare of rea
fon and wifdom as well as ourfelves. But often they, who riot in
profperity, contemn and reproach the afflicted, efpecially if they
be religious. And peevifh minds are fometimes apt to take well-
meant reproofs for ill-natured reproaches. Mankind are rarely
able to give things of importance a fair trial. Thofe, who are
faft running to hell, often get large portions of earthly things, even
the moft delicate, in their way to it. But their abufe of God's
creatures in this world fhall witnefs againft them, and will but

increafe their torments in the next. The moft inftru&ive leffons
concerning God are afforded us in the volumes of' creation and.
providence. But how mad and criminal is it to attempt contend
ing with Him who hath all poflible excellency in poffeffion, and
doth according td his will in the armies ©f heaven,, and among the-
inhabitants ofthe earth f No king fo high but he can bring down ;
no politician fo crafty, or eloquent, but he can infatuate ; no plot
fo well laid, but he can fruftrate •, no nation fo mighty, but he can
deftroy with his nod ; no general fo brave, but he can intimidate.
Be thou wife, my foul, to. obferve thefe things; fo fhalt thou un
derftand the. lovino--kindnefs of the Lord.

his purpofes. 14. Behold he deftroys cities, families, perfons, and things ; and none
can rcftore them. He fhuts up men in prifons or troubles, and none can bring them
out. 15. At one time he withholds rain, or reilrains the fpring.i, and the waters
dry up. Anon he fends forth the rains and fountains with unbridled liberty, and the
torrents of water overturn the llrongeft banks: 16. Nor is hi. wifdom inferior to
his power. The fin of the deceiver, and the fufferings' of the deceived, are both
ordered by him to his glory. 17. He defeats the projects of the wifeft ftatefmen,
and infatuates the ableft fenators. 18. He deprives kings of their royal majefty
and authority, and reduces them to flavery. and imprifonment. 19. The moft
devout priefts, or the nobleft minifters of ftate, he renders captives ; and overthrows
the moft powerful armies of warriors. 20. Eloquence, fidelity, and prudence,
gained by long experience, are rendered quite unavailable for the proteclion of princes
or kingdoms. 21. He renders the greateft princes contemptible, and the ftrongeft
perfons or armies weak. 22. He brings to light the mod fecret plots; makes plain
the myfteries of doftrine or providence; and advances fuch as were poor, obfcure,
tondenined, or imprifoneilj to liberty and glory, to honour and wealth 23. At his

pleafure he incrcafes nations in number, power, wealth, and honour ; and anon di-
miniihes them by famine, war, and peftilence. He enlarges their boundaries, and
anon fhuts them up into corners. 24. Princes, magiftrates, and others, he deprives
of courage and wifdom; and throws them into fuch confufion that they know not
which way to turn themfelves. 25. Without either fenfe or fuccefs, they feek. for
ways to help themfelves and their people out of trouble; but, by his providential
influence, they are quite uncertain in their counfels, and- doubtful what courfe
to take.
Chap.. XIII. Behold, all thefe things I know from my own experience and ob
fervation, or have learned from others; whereby you may fee that I need none of your
inrtruftions on thefe points. 3. It is with God himfelf that I wiih to debate my
own integrity, and to anfwer his objections againft it ; 4. For ye are all forgers of
falfe doflrrines and .icciifations againft me ; you unfkilfully and unfaithfully prefcribe
bad remedies for my affliclion, and mifapply good ones. 5, 6. It would be more
agreeable to me, and (hew more Wifdom in you, if ye would never fpeak a word more

Job charges his friends with'

C H A P. XIII.

falfehood, rafhnefs, and partiality.

Befoie Chrift
cir. IJ20-

7 s Will ye fpeak wickedly for God,

tQ\i.ii.c.scV..zt. and talk deceitfully for him ?
%.l,t. if.1io!'* 8 Will ye h accept his perfon ? will ye
hJ^Mg.IoT.\ contend for God ?-
ijer.17.10.pr.139. p Is it good that, he fliould ' fearch you
out ? or, as one man mocketh another,
*-S!T£ ;?•&-,,. do ye fo fc mock him I
1***8. pi so- IO He wiU furelJ 'rep^ve you, if ye
iteutf'i^'1'9' do fecretly accept perfons.
^8rWi./j„-«- j 1 Shall not his "excellency make you
nefs. Ch. 9. 34. & J J
31.23. n. 4-4- afraid* and his dread fall upon you r
nPrw. 10. 7. ch.4.. 12 "Your remembrances are like unto
7. & 49. 11. Sc
%&.is.vift' afhes; your bodies to bodies of clay ..
*jM>.Bef,ientfrom 13 * Hold your peacer ° let me alone
o.ch. 7. n_io. & that I may fpeak, and, let come on me
6. 10. & 10. 1. , • ,,
what wilt.
p&c4942S6.If'9'10' z4 Wherefore p do I take my flefh in
•muig.ra.j.jsani. my teeth,, and qput my life in mine
ig. 5. CC 2,3. 21.' Pf. . - «
ji9. 109. hand r
r|&. £.* .tai. 1 5 'Though he fky me, yet will I truft
sCh.32jJ'.'&i7.s in him: but I s will maintain mine own
6.&3..'i-37: ' ways before him.
^tPifsil^s- J6 He alfo Jhall be x my falvation:
ch'."0.f'2'i-!7. for u an 'hypocrite fhall not come before

pr. 27. 1.
It Pf. I. 5. Mat. 24
51. If. 33. 14,

urn.

1 7 x Hear diligently my fpeech- and my
xCh.5.6. &33 -J- ,/..., G j j x J
y ch. 23. 4. eccu declaration with your ears.
u'9' 18 Behold now, I have y ordered «iy
sz-ittZJisi:1' caufe; ZI know that I fhall be juftified.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

1 9 a Who is he that will plead with
me? b for now, if I hold my tongue, I aRom.8.33. TjdH-
fhall give up the ghoft. .''"' ,
oro # bCh. 7. 11, & 32. zd,
20 c Only do not two things unto ^'4%'.^%3U
me : then will I not d hide myfelf from c ch. 9. 34, 35, &
thee. d Ver.3 . ch. 23 3—7,
2 1 Withdraw thine hand far from me ;
and let not thy dread make me afraid.
22 Then e call thou, and I will an- eC££tt£<l
fwer : or let me. fpeak, and anfwer thou
me. 23 f How many arc mine iniquities ^fl'ISfi^flc
and fins? make me to know my tranf- ji'iw-W.*,
greflion and my fin.
24 Wherefore s"hideft thou thy face, s »«<«• ??¦ «>¦ pg
~ J ' 10. 1. cc 13. I. &
and h holdeft me for thine enemy?. it'g.'^'.ch^.'t-
2? Wilt ' thou break, a leaf driven to 3'&/3'?'9'
J hCh.i6.9.&J9. 1 j.'
and fro? and wilt thou purfue the dry *3£ £•/*"• 3-
ftubble F iir.42. 3.&S4.6.
, Mat. 12. 20.
26 For k thou' wnteft bitter things is^-m-m.
againft me, and makeft me to poflefs the. i-is^Vn.'
. °. . . r ' Jer- 31- 19- Pf- »J.
iniquities of my youth. ?•
27 Thou ' putteft my feet alfo in the »»•«¦»•«»¦«"
ftocks, and t m lookeft narrowly unto all +"'b-d/'"^-
7 , m J m Pf. 1 jo. 3. ch to.
my paths : thou. fetteft a print upon the <>• Zei*- *¦ '-•
-heels of my feet, *Heb-r°'"-
2.8 "And he, as a rotten thing, con- °S E," J*
fumeth, as a garment, that is moth-
eaten.

Reflections upon Chap. XIII. — Hot difputants generally
magnify themfelves and undervalue their opponents ; and too fel
dom do they adhere to truth with proper exactnefs. There is great
need than to pray that the Lord would mortify our pride} and keep
ns from the way of lying ; and, fo far as is for his glory, keep us
out of temptation. Deliberate lying is of all things moft infamous.
But what infignificant phyficians are all but Chrift to a.fm-fick or
wrath-fick foul ! It is Angularly criminal to manage the caufe of
God in a wicked" and deceitful manner.. What men call pious
frauds are with God impious cheats; and devout perfecutions are
but horrid profanations of his name. Strict wiil be the fcrutiny,
and fevere the rebuke?, of God, with refpedt to thofe found guilty
of thefe things ! No good intentions, no pious pretence, will
avail at his awful.bar. Let us then ftand in awe of his perfections.
Never let us, who are fo mean and mortal, dare to contemn or
trample on our neighbour. Never let us dare to exhibit weak and
carnal remonftrances on God's behalf. But how Supporting is it
under trouble to have the teftimony of a good confeience ! and it is
relieving to get our minds vented in kindly complaints. It is

glorious, in the extremity of trouble, to be ftrong in the faith,,
giving glory to God, and coming boldly to his throne of grace, to
afk mercy and obtain grace to help us in the time of need. But
how awful is it to find the greateft faints mingling their paffions
with their prayers! Lord, what is man, even in his beft eftate,
if left to himfelf! And what an hell on earth fin fometimes forms
for the chief favourites of God ! Sins long before committed fall
with an awful weight on their confeience, and caufe them to roar
through difquiet of fpirit. If then I find myfelf deferted of God;
if I find my fins of youth remembered by him, and my prefent
mifcarriages. ftrirStly animadverted upon; if I find myfelf wafting
away under his heavy hand ; let me never murmur at his difpenf
ations. Let me, holding faft his promife, believe him to be my
friend, even when he puts on the appearance of an enemy; Let
me firmly expeft the performance of his promifes, even when all
the ways leading to it are feemingly fhut up. Let me rejoice in the
Lord when he hath left me nothing elfe : and in dying moments let
me derive from him my everliving confolation^

on the fubjea,. but carefully liften to what I can fay in my own behalf. 7. Doth
God ftarid in need of your falfe doftrines, or your falfe accufations of me, contrary to
the dictates of your own confeience, to juftify his proceedings againft me ? 8. Hath
he fo little right on his fide, that you muft fhew him favour, and oblige him by wrong
ing me? ' 9. Would itbj for your honour or advantage that he ihould narrowly
*xamine yourdifcourfes, and the fprings and motives of them ? Do ye think that he
win lie deceived with your flatteries and high pretences to piety? 10. No; he will
CTrtainly, fearfully, and openly, chaftife you for your hypocritical attempts to gratify

him by condemning me. 11. -Should not his infinite majefty, hoiinefs, and awful
juftice, make you afraid to deal unjuftly, even on his behalf, or to fpeak rafhly of his
ways and counfels? 12. Ye yourfelves are but mean worms, fprung out of the
duft before him; and your boafted remonftrances on his behalf, and your bulwarks of
arguments, are worthlefs and weak, as heaps of dirt or clay. 13. Keep filence
therefore, and do not interrupt my fpeech; let me but fpeak out my mind, be the
penal iffue of it what it will. 14. I am fo confcious of my integrity, that I muft
wonder why I fuffer fuch enraging miferies, and am expofed to fudl evils; and I coujd

In hopes of a joyful refurrection, Job

O B.

defires to preff through a painful deaths

Before Chrift
cir. 15x0.

CHAP. XIV.

In this continual addrefs to God, Job, having mentioned
the perifhing ftate of his body, (1) Mournfully de
fcribe s man's life as fhort and forrowful; 1, 2 : as
finful;. 4: and as precifely limited by God; 5, 14.
(2) Reprefents man's death as putting an end to pre
fent life; 7 — 12 : as hiding us from its calamities;
13 : finifhing its' hopes ; 18, 19 : difmtffing us from
its bufinefs ; and keeping^ us in utter ignorance about
our moft endeared relations; 20, 21, 22. (3) In
the view of loth life and death, he pleads that God
would not contend with him, but grant him fome re-
fpite; 3,6: and deal lefs feverely with him; 16,17:
and engages himfelf to prepare for death, and the
refurreclion, in which he expecled comfort ; 14, 15.

'Heft, fhort of days.

M

AN

is

a Gen. 46. 9. Pf. 90.
{^zlieUzt trouble.
Prov. 27. r.
b Ch. 8. 9. Pf. 102.
;' II. & IC1. IJ. SC
144. 4. If. 40. 6.
J Pet. 1. 24. Jam.
1. 10.
tCh.7.6,7.&8.9. & 9. 25, 26. Jam.
4.14. iCor. 7. 31.
Jjohii 2. 17.
dCh.7.i7,r8.&i3. 27. Pf. 143. 2.
f Heb Who will give ?
eGen. ;. {.Pf.ji.j.
. John 3. 6. Rom. y.
J2. Eph. 2. 3. Mar.
7. 16—18. ch. 25.
4. Sc se. 14.

that is born of a woman
a of few days, and full of

f Ch. 7. 1. Pf. 39. 4.
Sc 89. 46, 47. Heb.
9.27.

gCh.7. 16,19. Sc 10.
20. Pf. 39. 13. If.
57. 2. ch. 7. 1—3.
X Heb. ceafe.

h Eccl. ,. 4, J.

2 b He cometh forth like a flower, and
is cut down : he c fleeth alfo as a fhadow,
and continueth not.
3 And doft thou d open thine eyes upon
fuch an one, and bringeft me into judge
ment with thee ?
4 + Who e can bring a clean thing out
of an unclean ? not one.
5 Seeing f his days are determined,
the number of his months are with thee,
thou haft appointed his bounds that he
cannot pafs;
6 s Turn from him, that he may + reft,
till he fhall accomplifh, as an hireling,
his day.
7 For there is h hope of a tree, if it be
cut down, that it will fprout again, and

riik all danger to obtain a thorough reafoning with God. 15. Lo! fhould he ut
terly cut me off, and not leave me the leaft glimmering of hope, I would, to the laft
gafp, maintain mine integrity. 16. Nay, Iv am confident that he himfelf, with
whom no hypocrite dare lodge his appeal, will in due time vindicate me, preferve me
in, or deliver me from, trouble ; and fave me with an everlafting falvation. 17,
18. Hear me then with care and attention: I have formed a procefs againft myfelf,
and digefted what I have to fay for myfelf; and I know that, in the iffue, I Ihall be
cleared from every charge of hypocrify, and manifefted a righteous perfon. 19. What
impartial perfon dare charge me with hypocrify, or can prove his point? If he could,
J fhould be filent, die with Ihamc, and be ftranglcd with grief. But, when it is
otherwife, it is death to me to neglect my own juft vindication. 20 — iz. Do thou,
great Judge, remove thy oppreffing rod irom off me, and let not the overwhelming
awe of thy majefty terrify met then will I, in the moft bold and free manner, debate
my caufe with thee. 23. V/hai, and how many, O God, are thofe heinous fins
which require fuch grievous plmhhments ? Or, if I am thus afflicted for fome parti
cular crime, caufe me to know it. 24. Why ihouldeft thou in anger thus with
hold thy favours and comforts? Why ihouldeft thou hold and treat me as an enemy to,
thee? 25. How canft thou find in thy heart fo violently tfl tofs and grievouily
perfecute me, who am fo mean, weak, and contemptible, in thy fight? And what
honour canft thou acquire by it? 26. Thou pafieft the moft fevere fentenccs
a°ainft me; and, by afflicting me with the moft tormenting troubles, biingcft to my
mind, and puniiheft me for, the crimes which were committed befor,: 1 well knew
what I did. 27. Thy fearful judgments compafs me in fo clofe and tormenting a
manner that I cannot efcape. They follow me at the very heels ; the tokens of thy
wrath are engraven on the very foles of my feet. 28. And under thefe my fr4il
carcafs gradually rots into death.
Chap. XIV. Man that is born of.a poor, weak, frail, woman, through whom he

that the tender branch thereof will not
ceafe. 8 Though the root thereof wax old -in-
the earth, and the ftock thereof die in the
ground; 9 Tet through the II fcent of water it
will bud, and bring forth boughs like a
plant. 10 But man dieth, and * wafteth away:
yea, man giveth up the ghoft, and ' where
is he ?
1 1 As the waters fail from the fea, and
the flood decayeth and drieth up ;
1 2 So man k lieth down, and rifeth not:
1 till .the heavens be no more, they fhall
not awake, nor be raifed out of their
m fleep. 13 O that thou wouldeft n hide me in
the grave, that thou wouldeft keep me
fecret, until thy wrath be paft; that thou
wouldeft ° appoint me a fet time, and
remember me !
1 4 If a man die, p fhall he live again ?
all the days of my appointed time will I
wait till my q change come.
15 Thou fhalt rcall, and I will anfwer
thee : thou wilt have a defire to the work
of thine hands.
1 6 For now s thou numbereft my fteps :
doft thou not watch over my fin?
1 7 My tranf greflion is c fealed up in a
and thou feweft up mine iniquity.
18 And furely the mountain falling

Before Chrifl
cir. 1520.

I Moifture coming
near it.

* Heb. is vieatened, '
or cut off'.
i Ch. 7. 7—10. &
19- 20. Pf. 37. 36. 1

kCh. 30.23. EccLltf
J,7-«MJ.ir.S7.' z. rl. 49. 14.
lPf. 102.26.&80. -
29- If- 65. 17, &
(6. 22. Afls 3. 21.
Rev. 20. 11. & 11.
I. z Pet. 3. 7, 10.
mCh. 3. 13. Jer. si.
39. Dan. 12. z.
n K 57. 2. ch. 3. ij
— 19. If. 26. 20.
o Afls 17. 31. John ,
S. 28. ver. 14.

bag,

p Dan. 12. 2. If. 26.
19. John {. 28. ,
Afls 26. S. ch. 9J
25, z6.
qPf. 16. 10. 1 Cor.
15 42-44, Si.
Phil. 3. 21.
rjohn ;. 28. 1 Thef.
4. 16. Pf. 50. 4, 5.
If. 26. 19. John 14.
z, 3. Sc 17. 24.
s Ch. 10. 3, 8. Sc 13.
27. & 3 1. 4. & 34.
21. Plf S6. 6. &
139. I — 4. Prov.-
5. II.
t Deut. 32. 34. Hof.
J j. 12. ch. 13, 26r
Sc 10.6, 14. &21.
19. & 20. 27. Pi*
69. z-s.

derives guilt, curfes, corruptions, and infirmities, is of few days, and fo forfeited with
troubles, that he needs pity, rather than a violent hand to Cut him off. 2. He"
makes a fparkling and fair fliow for a few days or hours, and then is cut down by an
untimely death, or gradually, and without fubftantial happinefs, pofts through age
into the eternal ftate. 3. And wilt then, O God, debafe thyfelf to take notice of,,
flown on, or contend with, fuch an infignificant creature, or to hale to thy tribunal,
and execute ftrict juftice upon me ! 4. Hovvis it poflible forfuch as are finfully cor
rupted themfelves to produce innocent children! Why then fhould I, who am by
nature no worfe than others, be fo peculiarly punifhed ? 5, 6. Since the period of
every man's life i.s unalterably fixed by thy purpofe and providence, why Ihouldeft
thou now torment, and not let me alone, till I have contentedly accomplished my '
appointed fervice, and obtained the wiiried-for evening of death? 7 — 12. Andthe
rather, fince there is no hope that men once dead will revive into life like the ftumps
of old trees in a well-watered foil ; but will lie crumbled intd duft, and quite infen-
fible, till the laft day. 13. Oh that thou wouldeft hide me in the ftate of the dead,
and cover me with a vail, till this ftorm of thy wrath blow over! or fet fome limit of,'
time and degree to thy wrath, and in pity remember me! 14. Then, however im-..
poflible it be for men to rife from the dead before thc laft day, I ihould patiently, all
the days of my troublefomc warfare, wait for my dying honr ; and no lefs patiently
wait for my glorious change at the refurrection. 15. Then, in love to thy poor
creature, thou fhouldeft by death call me to thy judgment feat, and I Ihould readily.
come, : and at the refurrection thou ihalt, in love to me, call me up from the grave,
and I will gladly obey. 16. But now thou wrathfully ohferveft all the fteps of my
life, and,_ as it were, greedily markeft the fmalleft trips of my conduct, in order tq
puniili them. 17. The- leaft of my fins of infirmity is as carefully preferved in
thy remembrance againft me as if it were a precious treafure; and thou hunteft after.
foiged calumnies to add to my fin, and punifh me for it. 18, 19. But there is na
more hope of men's recovery from death, or of me from this calamity, r.;ign tlial,

Wphaz angrily upbraids Job, and inffs CHAP. XIV. XV. that wicked men only are punified.

Bcir°.ri^o.ft + cometh to nought ; and the rock is re-
\wex,.fai,th. moved out of his place.
i 9 The waters wear the ftones : thou
jHeb.pwr/tojf. * wafheft away the things which grow
out of the duft of the earth ; and thou
"^'lo^'ll: deftroyeft the u hope of man.
xExod.15- 3-"-, 20 Thou x prevaileft for ever againft
Rev. 17- 14- Eccl. , . r °n , •
o.8.pr.37.3s.i6. him, and he paiieth: thou ychangeit his
^f--i':ct7o.zi'. countenance, and fendeft him away.
21 His fons come to honour, and he
ZEcci.9.s.if.63.i6. z knoweth // not; and they are brought
low, but he perceiveth it not of them.
nch.19.26.pr.49- 22 But his a flefh upon him fhall have
i,prov..4.,2.Luk= pain, and b his foul within him fhall
. 16.23. Mat. 8. 12. l
&U.U.&24.51. mourn. CHAP. XV.
Perhaps Job imagined that he had fiilenced, if not con
vinced, his friends ; but they were too fond of thiir
own fentiments to part eafily with them. Still taking
Job's uncommon trouble to be an evidence that he was
a wicked hypocrite, Eliphaz here (1) Angrily re
proves Job for fuftifying himfelf; and charges him
with abfurdity, impiety, arrogance, contempt of
good advice, and direii oppofition to God, on that
account; 1 — 13. (2) To render Job penitent and
humble before God, he labours to convince him of his
ciun and mankind's dreadful ftnfulnefs ; 14, 15, 16.
(3) To awaken him, he reprefents how wicked men's
defiance of God, carnal fecurity, and felf- enriching
robbery, are attended with, or iffue in, terror and
agony of mind, and a providential croffmg of all their
attempts in favouf of themfelves and pofterity;
17—35-
THEN anfwered Eliphaz the Tema-
nite, and faid,

2 a Should a wife man utter * vain

cir. 1520.

knowledge, and fill his belly with the eaft » 01.13.*.* 6. 26.
, » ° & II. 2, 3. Hof.
wind r »*¦ ••
3 Should he reafon with b unprofitable •^/""'¦w
talk, or with fpeeches wherewith he can b^6°'-347-6I^;,I?-
do no good? Kh- &UTiu
4 Yea, c thou cafteft off fear, and re- cS:'"t
ftrainefr. + prayer before God. l7z]a,-e'tlPwiikliccl. 12. 1 2 ver
5 For thy mouth duttereth thine ini- *s.as.&*7.i°."
quity, and thou choofeft the tongue of\°f;f!ch\. '
1, J ' O il Heb. teacheth. Ch.
the crafty. V^.fftfi
6 Thine own mouth c condemneth thee, Jam' '' z6'
and not I: yea, thine own lips teltiry Jh,;£-£hns-«'
againft thee.
7 Art thou f the firft man that was fG^;llsc^-u
born ? or waft thou made before the
hills ?
8 « Haft thou heard the fecret of ^ij.il.ft
God ? and doft thou reftrain wifdom to
thyfelf? 9 What h knoweft thou that we know h&h2B^'?'3l!
not ? what underflandeft thou which is
not in us ?
10 With us are both 'the grey-headed ' s,^.' veil 3J|:
and very aged men, much elder than thy
father. 11 Are the k confolations of God fmall k?ih'is3'-^f6'&,
with thee ? is there any ' fecret thing-with UK'a- "• **¦ v" •«¦
thee ?
.12 Why doth thine m heart carry n,I?4:?ro^Vn,'
thee away? and what do thine eyes ,4'17'18,
wink at,

Reflections upon Chap. XIV. — If human life be fo fhort, fo
finful, and fo wretched ; if death and an awful eternity be fo near 5
why fliould any be proud ! Why unconcerned about fpiritual, about
eternal happinefs ! Why not live on that gracious God who hath a
feeling of our infirmities ; and. look and long for that reft which
remaineth for the people of God ! Awful and awakening, though
comfortable and heart-compofing, are believing views of death and
ofthe refurrec"iion from the dead : and happy is the thought that,
while my body, as precious duft, fleeps in Jefus' arms of kindly
care, my foul fhall retire to fit with him on his throne, and there
wait till my great, my laft, change0come ! If grace has changed my

heart, death has changed it's nature to me : and the hope of a glo
rious refuiTecT:ion is enough to fupport me under every Human trouble.
Every thing around admonifhes me of death : and nothing can refill
it when God gives it the commiffion. Sharp are its pains, and
ftrange is the change it makes ! It feparates the chiefeft friends !
In view of it, to render me always content, let me maintain kind
thoughts of God and a deep fenfe of my fin. And at laft let it find
me weaned from this perifhing world, difengaged from all but a
God in Chrift ; and finging, O death, where is thy fling I 0 grave,
where is thy viclory!

fallen mountains ihould raife themfelves up, or removed rocks refume their place, or
Worn ftones Ihould grow again ; or that which is carried away by a flood ihould be
brought back, and the devaluations repaired. 20. None can refift, thy deadly ftroke,
but muft pafs into eternity whenever thou required. Thou wrathfully, changeft his
countenance, fpoileft, his beauty, and expelleft him as a leper from thy camp on
earth. 21. And then, whatever glory, power, or honour, or whatever debafe
ment, difgrace, or mifery, his. pofterity meet with, he neither knows nor regards it.
22. But his body, after pains in death, fhall corrupt in the grave: and his foul, im-.
bitterad in death, often removes to an eternal anguiih in hell.
Chap. XV. Filled with.indignation at the contempt which Job had difcovered for
him and his friends, Eliphaz replied, 2. Shouldeft thou, who pretended to wif
dom, prefume to throw forth fuch unfubftantial and boifterousnonfeufe ; or to fa-
tisfy thy own conscience with fuch pernicious fancies? 3. Shouldeft thou, inftead

of folid arguments, pour forth unprofitable wranglings ? 4. Nay, Ihouldeft thou
caft off, and break through, all- reverential regard to God, and refufe to pour forth
thy humble complaints and prayers before him ; and even tempt others to do the like ?
5. Thy tongue proclaims the wickednefs of thy heart, even while, by pretences of
refpedl to God, thou attempteft to cover thy impious principles and pradtices. 6. I
need produce no evidence of thy impiety; thy own words fuc,ic.;ntly manifeft and
prove it. 7. Waft thou formed before every other creature, that thou pretended
to be wifer and better than other men ? 8. Halt thou been acquainted with the
moft fecret counfels and. myfteries of God, that thou fhouldeft engrofs all wifdom to
thyfelf? 9. What fecrets haft thou learned that we do not fu'ly comprehend ?
10. Among us, and on our fide in this debate, we have the moft aged and experienced
men. 11. Dareft thou to contemn the divine admonitions and comf rung promifes
which we have fuggefted, and undervalue our kind and confoling difcourleb, as if thou
kneweft fome better way of comfort? 12. Why do thy inward lulls, thus violently

The terrible mifery .J O
i 2 That thou " turneft thy fpirit againft
li

B.

'of the wicked.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520. ¦» -j
nRom.8.7,3,zcch. God, and letteft ° fuch words go out of
II, 8. Prov. 19. 3. , , . J
och.9.22.&,,3. thy mouth?
&».6.&u.» I4 PWhat ;-, man? that he fhould be*
pi Ki„. 8. 46. 2 chr. clean ; and he which is born of a woman,
6. 36. ch.. 14. 4. & -' '
pr'ov.'^'g't^im that he fhould be righteous i"
1 5 1 Behold, he putteth no truft in his

the heavens are not clean in

qCh.4. :8.&25.,J. faints; yea,
his fight.
rT>l'Efti:J-f 16 r How much more abominable and
i^'&flc-it filthy is man, which s drinketh iniquity
sCz\:3&5lr°-f like water?
z Pet. z. 22.
t Ch. 4. 7. &,8. 13.

u Ch. 8. 8. Gen. 18.
_J9- Pi. 44. 1, 2. Sc
78.2— 8. If. 38.19.

X Joel 3. 17, ch. 1.
' '5. 17-

y Ch. 36. 16. 1 Tim.
6. 9, 10. Pf. 7. 14.
Jam. 1. 14, 15.

1 7 I will l fhew thee ; hear me ; and
that which I have feen I will declare ;
18 Which wife men have told u from
their fathers, and have not hid-//;
19 Unto whom alone the earth was
given, and x no ftranger ' paffed among
them. 20 The wicked man ^travaileth with
pain all his days', and the number of years
is hidden to the opprefTor.
2 1 z A dreadful found is in his ears :
ain profperity the deftroyer fhall come
upon him.
22 He b belie veth not that he fhall

z Heb. a found of
fears. Lev. 26. 36.
Prov. 1. 26. ch.
31. 23.
a 1 Thef. 5. 3. Pf. 73.
18—20. ch. T.13 —
19. Exod.vii — xiv.
If. 37- 36.
b2Km.n. 3;. Mat. return out of darknefs, and he is waited
USC for" of the fword.
cGen.4. u.pr.59. 23 He c wandereth abroad for bread,
ics\.sln!u. fay'mg-> Where is it? he d knoweth that
Heb.1c.x7.if.3j. tj^e jay Q£ darknefs is ready at his hand.
eCpi1ls.i7-ziwi& 24 e Trouble and anguifh fhall make
-iViorafzftcl him afraid ; they fliall prevail againft
him, as a king ready to the battle.

Reflections upon Chap., XV. — Men too often hold faft the
falfe principles which they have once imbibed : and it is much
ieafier to treat. an adverfary with contempt than to anfwer him with
reafon. Difputants often turn revilers rather than reafoners ; and
charge their opponents with things which they utterly abhor. And
none are more ready to indulge pride and feif-conceit in. themfelves
than thofe who rage againft it in their neighbours ! Old men often
rather boaft of their knowledge and wifdom than poffefs it. But
furely it is an humbling fight to fee men fo corrupt in nature, fo

25

againft

ftfengtheneth

his hand
himfelf

Before Chiilt
cir.. 1 520.
fMa!. 3.13.LCV.26.
i4>'5> 11,23. Rom.
8-7,8.11.28.15,22.

For he f ftretcheth out
God, and
againft the Almighty
26 He s runneth upon him, even on
his neck, upon the thick bones of his
bucklers :
27 Becaufe he h covereth his- face with
his fatnefs, and maketh collops of fat on
his flanks.
28 And he dwelleth in ' defolate cities,
and in houfes which no man inhabiteth,
which are ready to become heaps.
29 He k fhall not be rich, neither fhall
his fubftance continue, neither fhall he
prolong the perfection thereof upon the
earth. 30 He l fhall not depart out of dark
nefs ; the flame fhall dry up his branches ;
and m by the breath of his mouth fhall he
go away.
3 1 Let not him that is deceived truft
in "vanity: for "vanity fhall be his re-
compenfe. 32ft fhall be p accomplifhed before his
time, and his branch fhall not be green.
22 He fliall fhake off his unripe grape
as the vine, and fhall caft off. his flower
as the olive.
34 q For the congregation of hypocrites ' ch.»._5. &-*».&
Jhall be defolate ; and fire fhall confume
the tabernacles of bribery.
25 rThey conceive mifchief, and bring
forth + vanity, and their belly prepareth
deceit.

g Exod. 5. 2, 3, If.
37- 4,6, 29. Pf. 73,
8, 9. 2 Chr. 28. 22.

h Deal. 32. 15. pf.
17-IO.&78.3I.&
73- 7- Jer. 46.' 21.
Amos 4. 1. Piov.
I. 32. Deut. 32, ij
i Pf- 73- 18-20. ch.
3- 14- Sc 5. 3. Mic.
7- 13- Jer. 17. 5, 6.
Zech. 5. 4. Prov.
3-3J-
k Ch. 20. 22. Pf. 71.
18—20. 1 The!. 5.
3. 1 Tim. 6. 9,1c.

I Mat. 8. 12. & 22.
13. Sc 25. 41, 46,
5I.2Thef.i.8,9.
mlf. 11. 4. & 30. 33.
2Thei. 2.8. Rev.
19. 15. ch. 4. 9.

n Prov. 11. 4. Eccl.
I. 2, 14. Sc 12. 8.
Jon. 2. 8.
o Ch. 20. 4—29. Sc
4.8. Piov. 22. 8.
Hof. 8. 7. Gal, 6.
7.8.
p Or cut of. Ch. 22.
16. PI. 55 z%.
Eccl. 7. 17. 1 Kin.
21. 21. 1 Sam. 26.

... 33. 14,15. Hab.
2. 12. with ch. 1.
J4-I9- .

r Pf. 7. 14- If- S9-4-
Hof. 10. 13.
X Or iniqu ty.

abominable in practice; and amazing that God fhould love any
fuch, and deliver them from the pit of corruption ! In the ftudy
of true knowledge, the experience and obfervation of others, as
well as our own, are -an excellent help. But how unbounded re
the patience of God, that can bear with wicked monfters fo long !
Yet little external happinefs have they even in this world. Their
feemingly pureft profperity is mingled with gall and wormwood*
But, if they are miferable in this world, which is their heaven,
what muft they be in death, in judgment, in hell!

tranfport thee into fuch pride, fury, and fcornful contempt, 13. That thou
Ihouldeft dare to rage againft the Moft High, and infoiently arraign the equity of his
providence? 14. Can the corrupted child of a finful parent.be innocent or righ
teous before an infinitely holy God! 15, 16, When the loftieft angels are not
without their mutability and comparative imperfeclions, how incxpreffively and uni-
•verfally^abominable muft the man be who, with greedinefs and delight, commits the
moft criminalimpieties ? 17 — 19. Liften carefully while I clearly declare and-de-
monftrate unto thee what I myfelf have obferved, and which the wifeft, moft power
ful and wealthy, princes of former ages have obferved, profeffed, or believed, and
informed their children of. 20. The wicked tyrant is never free from inward tor
ment : he lives in continual dread of difafters, death, and damnation, never knowing
how foon they may overtake him. 21. Confcioufnefs of guilt keeps him in per
petual terror of approaching mifchiefs. And never is the deftroyer more ready to

attack him than when he is in the height of his profperity. 22. In trouble he
defpairs of deliverance ; in the night he dreads being killed before morning; every
where he fears;' and is indeed expofed to the moft certain and fudden deftru&ion.
23. In the moft deftitute and vagabond manner he is obliged to wander for bread.
He finds, by experience, that terrible and inevitable ruin is juft ready to feize hiirt.
24. Straitening diftrefs and anguifh (hall terrify him; they fhall quickly ruih 'upon
and prevail againft him, as a ftrong and furious army commanded by a valiant princS;
25. As the puniflimentof his daring impiety, becaufe he defied and fet himfelf in
oppofition to the Almighty, 26. Daring to fin in the moft infolent and prefump
tuous manner, even amidft the tokens of the divine indignation, inflicled or impend
ing ; 27. Becaufe, grown rich, powerful, and fuccefsful, his only care is t/>
pamperhimfelf, and wallow -in eafe arid luxury"; 28. Dwelling in cities and (lately
jioilft^ft-om whence he- had driven or murdered- the righteous proprietors ; and which,

Job bewails the difrefs he fuffer ed

CHAP. XVI.

from God, and from his friends.

Befoie Chrift
cir. 1520.

CHAP. XVI.
Begins Job's reply to Eliphaz. ( 1 ) He upbraids his
friends with their needlefs repetitions, their unfkilful,
their endlefs, impertinence, and obftinacy in their mif
takes and cruelty towards their 'diftreffed friend;
1 — 5, 9, 10, 11, 20. .(2) He reprefents the extre
mity of his affliclion ; his family being deftroyed or
fcattered ; his body wafted in a loathfome manner; his
God, and other enemies, a terror to and tormentors
of him; all around abufive; and, in fine, his honour
and comfort quite gone; 6 — 16. (3) As a dying
man, he appeals for his integrity to God againft the
unjuft condemnation of his friends ; 1 7 — 22.
THEN Job anfwered and faid,
2 I have heard many fuch things :
a miferable comforters are ye all.
3 Shall b vain words have an end ? or
what emboldeneth thee that thou an-
fwereft ?
4 I alfo c could fpeak as ye do: if your
fouLwere in my foul's ftead, I could heap
A2Kin. 19.21. pf. up words againft you, and d fhake mine
22. 7, 8- Sc 44. J4- , r , D J
jVssfAy* head at y°u-
5 But e I would ftrengthen you with
my mouth, and the moving of my lips
fhould afTuage your grief.
6 Though I fpeak, f my grief is not
afTuaged : and, though I forbear, '" what
am I eafed ?
7 But now he hath made me E weary:
thou haft h made defolate all my com
pany. 8 And thou i haft filled me with
wrinkles, which is a witnefs againfl me:

j Or troubUfcme. Ch.
13. 4. Phil. 1. 16.
with ch. 15. ll.
b Heb. coords ofvsind,
Ch. 15.2, 3. &8.
2. & 12. 2,3. Sc 13.
2,4.

c I Pet. 3. 9. Mat. 5,
44. I Cor. 4. 13.

s Gal. 6. 1, 2. ch. 42.
ji. If. 35. 3, 4.
z Cor. 1. 4. ch. 4.
4. Pf. 27. 14.

f Pf. 22. I, Z. SC IJ
I— 10. & 88. I—
18. Lam. iii. v.
• Heb. what goeth
from me ?
"gPf.88.1e.ch. 10. 1,
Mat. JI. 28. If.
50.4.
h Ch. 1. 18, 19.

i Prov. VfcZZ. ch.10.
17. Lam. 3. 4.
vith 15. 27.

in his wrath, who

and my leannefs, rifing up in me, beareth
witnefs to my face.
9 He k teareth me
hateth me : he gnafheth upon me with
his teeth ; mine enemy fharpeneth his
eyes upon me.
1 o They l have gaped upon me with
their mouth ; they have fmitten me upon
the cheek reproachfully ; they have, ga
thered themfelves together againft me.
1 1 God + hath m delivered me to the
the

ungodly,

me

me
over into

and turned
hands of the wicked.
1 2 I was n at eafe, but he hath broken
me afunder : he hath alfo taken me by my
neck, and fhaken me to pieces, and ° fet
me up for his mark.
13 His p archers compafs me round
about ; he cleaveth my reins afunder, and
doth not fpare ; he poureth out my gall
upon the ground.
14 He q breaketh me with breach
upon breach ; he runneth upon me like
a giant. .15 I have
my fkin, and
duft. 16 My ' face is foul
and on mine eyelids is
death ;
1 7 Not "for any injuftice in mine hands :
alfo my prayer K is pure.

r fewed fackcloth upon
defiled my horn in the

with the fhadow

weeping

of

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

Ic Ch. 10. 16, 17. Vf.
7. 2. & 50. ZZ. If.
38. lj. Hof. 5. 14.
Pf. 37. 12. Lam.
2. 16. & 3. io, ch.
' 13.24.

IPf. 21.13. &jj, 21. ,
zCor, 11. 20,21.
1 Kin. 22. 24. Mic.
5. 1. Lam. j. 30,
46.&2.i5.i*f. 35.
IS, 16. Afts 7. 54,

f Heb. hath /hut me
Uf.
m Ch. r. ij— 19. &
2. 7. John 18. 11.
2 Cor. 12. 7. with
Pf. 22. 7—21. &
89. jg. Adts 4. Vf,
n Ch. i. ii. xxik.
o Ch. 7. iz, 20.
Lam, 3. 12, ij.

p Ch. 6. 4. Gen. 49,
zj, 24. Deut. 32.
23. Lam. 3. 11, ij.
Pi. 7. 12,1;. & 22.
12—17. Rjn1' 8.
32.

q Ch. t. 13—19, &
2.1— io.&$.4- &
10. 16, 17.

r iKin. 21. 27.
2 Kin. 6- 30. IC22.
12. Jon. 3.5. (
sCh. 30. 19. Pf.7. j,
with 75. 4, io.
1 5am. %. 10.
t L?.m. a. 11. If. $u
14.

u Ch.xxxi. &Z7. $,
6. 1 Sain. 12. 3.
x 1 Tim. 2. 8. Pf.
26.6.

hy the curfe of God, for his fake, ihall be quickly reduced to heaps of ruins, and he
be obliged to fhift for himfelf in the mofi miferable manner. 29. The riches and
glory which he hath gotten by violence and ojjprefiion fliall neither he lafting, com
plete, nor firmly rooted. 30. Having once entered into terrible, and confounding
troubles, he fhall never get out of them. The lightning, like flames of God's wrath,
ihall deftroy his flourishing family and fubftance 5 and he himfelf fhall be ruined and
driven to hell by the threatened judgments of God amidft his proud boafting.
31- Let therefore no one, who is feduced to wickednefs or carnal fecurity, truft in the
uncertain profits, pleafures, or honours, of this world; for vexations, blTes, difap-
pointments, and troubles, fhall be all he will get by them. 32, 33. Thefe ihall come
upon him far fooner than he thinks. His riches, hopes, or children, ihall fcarcely
make their appearance, when, blafted by the vengeance of God, they fhall all be
reduced to ruin. 34. Thus fuddenly and fearfully majlthe ftock and numerous
family of hypocrites be utterly deftroyed; and fome terrible judgment of pod fhall
confume the houfe built up by, orftored with, ill-gotten goods. 35. With no fmall
pains fuch wicked men plot and pra&ife mifchief againft others; but in the iffue it
uiualiy brings ruin on themfelves.
Chap. XVI. To this Job replied, 2. Thou haft but repeated the fenfelefs and
tormenting jargon which I had heard before. Inftead of comforting, you plague,
harafs, and tempt me to defpair. 3. When wilt thou make an end of fuch idle
and impertinent difcourfe ? What has inftigated and emboldened thee to anfwer me
in this cenforious, fcornful, 'and peremptory manner? 4. Were your condition
¦and mine exchanged, I could eafily infult you with a multitude of words, and deride
you In a grave or fcornful manner. 5. "l could furioufly bear you down with my
mouth,, and reftrain my lips' from uttering a fingle fentence of confolation; — though -I
hope J fhould rather attempt to encourage, ftrengthen, and comfort you. 6. But
now, indeed, whether I boldly defend my innocence and pour forth my complaints,
<r whether I forbear, my frightful fores .and griefs are aothjng eafed. 7. This
Vol. I.

terrible trouble has quite tired me out, and made my life a burden .to me. Thou, O
God, haft, with thy thunderbolts and fiery tempore, utterly deftroyed my large fa-»
mily, and all that pertained to me. 8. While others murder my character, and
torment my fpirit, thou, by plagues and griefs, hafl; fo wafted and disfigured my
body, that it teftiiies my great affliction, and is employed againft me as a witnefs of
my great wickednefs. o. Mean while, my pretended friends, who indeed impla
cably hate me, tear my reputation, and torment my fpirit with their fpeeches.
They reproach me in the moft fpiteful and outrageous manner; and, while their eyes
fparkle with anger, they cruelly fet themfelves to fpy out every, even thc leaft, occa
fion to calumniate me. 10. They behave like wild beafts, gaping to devour or
deride me : they treat me with the moft cruel and abufive fcorn and contempt: they
have met together to fatisfy their infernal malice in tormenting me. 11. And
God hath quite abandoned me, chained me up, and dreadfully caft me down into the
hands of thefe and other wicked men, to be abufed by them as they pleafe. iz. Great
was my former happinefs and profperity; but now God has trodden and bruifed me in
the prefs of his wrath, and made me, as it were, to boil over with dregs of trouble and
defperate compl.iints. In thc moft tormenting manner he has ruined my foul, my
body, my children, and all that I had : he has fet me up as a diftinguifhed butt of
his fearful indignation. 13. Devils, -wicked men, calamities, and difeafes, as the
inftruments of his vengeance, compafs mc round about. Without mercy he torments
me with the molt exquifite pains in my body, anguifh of mind, and terrors of con
feience. 14. As a battering ram he breaks through me with breach upon breach,
ftill adding one dreadful plague to another : he furioufly ruihes upon me with the
almighty force of his wrath, which I can by no means withftand or fupport. 15. The
fackcloth I had put on ail over my body, to mark my deep mourning and humiii.ition
under his mighty hand, fticks to my ulcers; and, exhaufted wii-hjvounds of trouble,
I have fat down on this dunghill, where all my former authority and honour are
changed into contempt. j6. My face is terribly burnt, and fermented with trick
ling tears: and the very fubftance of my eyes is almoft confumed with, weeping, ft
5 C

Job fill complains tf his friends. J
c.r°.r. 5*0? 1 8 O ? earth, * cover not thou my blood,
Dcm. 32. i. h. i. and let my "cry have no place.
zli"4.T..tzs. . I0 Alfo now' behold, b my witnefs is
ii. Ezek. 34- 17- jn heaven, and my record is * on high.
a Ch. »7- o. Pf. 6fi. »>r <-• J ,. r 7 . ¦
>8. »9- , 20 My friends c -fcorn me : but mine
*^r.',\%&&9'..': eye poureth out tears unto God.
pla i.I'1  21 O that one might d plead for a man
X tie-in, he high wJtJj Q^^ as a maa plea^etf} for- hig
c Heb. are m, «r»- I'-neighboUr !
errs. Ch. 12.4, 5. O
"&%££V}i. 22 When " a few years are come, then
^ "' . I fhall go the way c whence I fhall not
dCh. 9. 34,35. & 13. O J
3. zz.se u. 35. return.
Eccl. 6. 10. U. ltluiu*
45. 9.
IIOr/nW. CHAP, XVII.
nwribl'r"" Might well have been joined with the former. In it
eCh.7.9, 10.& 14. Job (1) Continues his addrefs to God, and, as a
5. xsam. iz. 23. dying, defpifed, and grieved man, appeals to him for
a vindication of himfelf againfl his uncharitable
friends; I — 7. (2) Comforts himfelf that, though
his treatment would furprife the godly, yet it would
not fop their perfeverance and growth in grace; 8, 9.
(3) In expectation of a fpeedy death, he refiecls on his
friends as foolifh in attempting to feed him with
hopes of profperity in this life ; 10 — 16.

O B. Has no hope of temporal deliverance.
with thee : who is he that will ftrike hands "£*, ^
with me ? ~  ¦ — ¦

* Or fpirit it fpent.
aPf. 88. 4.2Tim.
0- J Sain. 20. 3.

li IT Y * breath is corrupt ; my days are'

extinct. ; a the graves are ready for

me.

Id Ch. 12. 4. & 13. 9.
Sc s(i. zo. Sc 21, 3.
1 Sam. 1. 7.

2 Are there not b mockers with me ?
. H and doth not mine eye + continue in their
c ch. o. 3?. Heb. 7. provocation ?
zz. Prov. 6. s. Sc z
rL'-V^*6' 3 -L<ay down now ; c put me in a furety

.4 For thou haft d hid their heart from **!?£•,?<*%
underftanding: therefore fhalt thou, not "¦ M- '*•'»*• ?•
exalt them.
5 He that 'fpeaketh flattery to Ms '%£&%£
friends, even the eyes of his children fhall »•/ '**
fail. 6 He hath made me alfo a f by- word ^.^'L1^.
of the people; and + aforetime I was as a *0r «>*"":».
tabret. ^ ... . so,.,..;..^,-,/
7 Mine eye alfo is g dim by reafon Of JI 9'K-
forrow, and all II my members are as a hRffl ,1I"*"'
fhadow. imss^'e,
8 Upright men fhall h be aftonifhed at 4'-?-
this, and the innocent fhall ' ftir up him-.ki*Ltpr.£,.^0&
felf againft the hypocrite. s- iS"
9 The righteous alfo fhall k hold on lpr'24'4Ge"M*
. . ' 9 1 1 111J 1 J tn Heh. Jl,all add
his way, and he that hath ' clean hands irf$%z}sfnpf
m fhall be ftronger and ftronger. »...i.zcd:4.s6.
10 But as for you all, do ye n return, s-jo- j«. 7. j.
and come now : for I cannot find ° one wife "^vtfeo^s*
man among you. " &?',£. zz&9'zs"
11 My days p are paft ; my purpofes » Heb. *,,««,.
are broken off, even * the thoughts of ^ff^-'g-Jfi;
* D 3>45 *3- <* 11.17,
my heart. tHeb.n«r.
12 They ' change the night into day: r";7*&j*£^
the light /V + fhort becaufe of darknefs. * ch.30.23.Ecd.
13 If I r wait, the 5 grave w mine °£"^-I9'c^-"I°:

Reflections upon Ghap. XVI. — Often much is faid, and
yet nothing to the purpofe : and miferable comforters to a wounded
fpirit are alf duties, all friends, if God continue his frowns! No
thing but Jefus' blood — nothing but Jehovah's mercy — can grant
any folid relief. Nay, alas ! men are often moft cruel and harm
when they ought to be moft tender and compaflionate : and thofe
who riot in profperity and eafe feldom lay much to heart the cafe
of their extremely diftreffed brethren. But, though complicated
and terrible are the troubles of faints in this world, unfpeakably
more fo are the troubles of the wicked in hell, where there is no-
that I look like one dead and rotting; 17. Although I was never a violent op-
preffor of men, or an hypocritical worfhipper of God. 18. O earth, if I have been
guilty of bloodihed or oppreffion, conceal it not : let the dogs lick my blood when I
am dead, and let neither God nor men regard my complaints or cries for pity while I
am alive. 19. But what need thefe imprecations, when even now the all-feeing God,
who dwells inthe lufty regions of heaven, is the ear and the eye witnefs of my virtue
and true piety. ao. My companions mock and feoff at me as an hypocrite ; but my
foul, with floods of tears, earneftly appeals to God, and begs 21. That he would
thoroughly and clearly examine my caufe, and give a decifion between me and my
reproaching friends; 22. Since, if it be not done quickly, my troubles will foon
make an end of me, and then it will be too late.
Chap. XVII. My fpirit is maimed, broken, and confounded with trouble; and
my breath ftinks as in dying perfons : the days of my life are thunder-ftruck, fhort-
ened, and debafed: nothing but the grave remains for me. 2. O God, do not my
friends bitterly mock and deride me as a wicked hypocrite ? And does not my mind
io dwell and pore on their proud, infolent, and exafperating, fpeeches, that I cannot
fleep, or mine eyes refrain from tears ? 3. Come then, give me undoubted afl'urance
that thou wilt take rr.y caufe in hand and do me juftice; or give me an impartial man
like rayfelf, who in thy Head fliall debate thc matter with me. 4. For, as for thefe

thing but curfes — but torment in all its perfection ! Happy are
they who are here purged in God's furnace ! They fow in tears,
but fhall reap in joy. And, however h.ird it be to bring down their
mind to their lot, the teftimony of their good confeience, fprinkled
with Jefus' blood, fhall comfort them now. They have a good
God to appeal to as their judge and friend. Their tears fhall be
put into his bottle, and marked in his book; and death, but defti
tute of its fting, mail foon fet the prifoners free into a glorious
eternity.

my friends, thou hafl withheld from them a common capacity to underftand thy
providential difpenfations, therefore they can never be honoured to judge my plea.
5. He who flatters friends in their wickednefs becaufe of their profperity, or who ma-
nifeftly makes a prey of them, his pofterity Ihall pine away in difappointment and-
mifery. 6. Alas I both God and my friends now combine to expofe me to the
common contempt of the people, though lately I was their darling and the matter of
their praife. 7. My eyes are rendered dim, and my mind ftupified with grief, and
my body is wafted to a Ikeleton. 8. Upright faints in after times Ihall be aftonifhed
at the fovereign difpenfations of God, and the cruel abufe of my friends, with refpeft
to me ; and fhall be excited to the utmoft deteftation of hypocrites, who uncharitably
cenfure the afflicted. 9. And, notwithftanding every fcandal or difcouragement,
perfons truly righteous fliall perfevere in their tourfe of piety and virtue, and become
more and more confirmed and aflive in it. 10. And, as for you,- my friends,
either repent of your rafh cenfures, or examine my caufe over again ; for hitherto none
of you have fpoken to the point. 11. Whatever hopes you give me of recovering
my wonted profperity, I find I am a dying man, and al) my defigns, even the moft
fixed and dear, are at an end. 12. My tormenting pains and anxious thoughts
keep me awake through the whole night; or, if I get any moments of eafe, it is but
little, and foon over. it. I expect, I wait for, nothing now but an entrance into
thc llate of die dead j and I have prepared for, and expefl fpeedily to lie down in, thft

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

± Heb. cried, or
called.

Bildad upbraids Job CHAP.
houfe : I have made my bed in the dark
nefs. 14 I have * faid to corruption,
art my father ; to the worm,
my mother and my fifter.
1 5 And where is now my u hope ?
for my hope, who fhall fee it ?
1 6 x They fhall go down to the bars
of the pit, when our reft together is in the
duft.

l6, J2. CC 24. 20.
& It(. 26.
iCh.5.16. & 8-6,
22. & 6. 11. &

xMy hopes. Ver. uT
u z Cor. 1. 9.
Ezek. ij. 11. ch.
18. 14. £c 3, 17—
19. & p. 23.

'Thou
Thou art

as

*Cfc. IT 1, 3. &32.
3, 5- & 13) 5, 6.

CHAP. XVIII.
Not convinced, but exafperated, by Job's reafionings,
Bildad makes a fecond attack, more peevijh and un
merciful than the firft. Here ( I ) He upbraids
Job with his talkativenefs and difregard of the in-
Jlruffions given him, haughty contempt of his friends,
outrageous paffion, and arrogant inclination ib give
law to the providence of God; 1 — 4. (2) With a
plain application to Job, he enlarges on his former
doilrine concerning the certain mifery of the wicked
man in this life ; hinting that God, devils, and men,
would concur to ruin him, by calamities in life, ter
rors of mind, a wretched death, total extirpation of
his family, and rendering his memory forgotten or
odious; 5 — 21.
THEN anfwered Bildad the Shuhite,
and faid,
2 How long will it 'be ere ye a make
an end of words ? mark, and afterwards
we will fpeak.

XVII. XVIII. W///5 arrogance, &c
2 Wherefore are we counted b as beafts,
and reputed vile in your fight ?
4 He c teareth * himfelf in his anger:
fhall the earth be forfaken for thee ?
and fhall the rock be removed out of his
place ?
5 + Yea, d the light of the wicked fliall
be put out, and the fpark of his fire fliall
not fhine.
6 The e light fhall be dark in his taber-
nacle, and his + candle fhall be put out
with him.
The f fteps of his ftrength fliall be

Reflections upon Chap. XVII. — Happy are thofe who
have fpiritual breath which cannot corrupt ; life that can never
fail ; who have their portion in eternal bleflednefs, and are ready
for their grave ! If cruel .friends exafperate my fpirit, and drive
fleep from mine eyes, let Jefus, as my furety and righteoufnefs, be
the ground of all my hope, and the fource of all my joys. — God
can eafily infatuate the wifeft when they abufe his gifts. And it is
mad to purfue honour and advancements by finful methods, parti
cularly in employing the wifdom which he has given againft his
caufe and intereft. Vain is the unconftant applaufe of men.
While we are great the world admire us ; but when depreffed and
poor they contemn or abhor us. But, though we fee things in
providence which we cannot account for, we muft not ftagger

grave. 14. In the form of my trouble, and in the exercife of my mind, I have
contracted a relation to, and familiarity with, death, corruption, and worms*
'5* The future profperity with which you attempt to flatter me, and the temporal
happinefs you would have me expect, are a mere imagination: 16. Thefe hopes
ihall quickly appear buried in the grave along with myfelf.
Chap. XVIII. In no fmall heat of fpirit, Bildad replied, 1. How long wilt
thou caft forth fuch confufed double meaning and unintelligible words, as if you
wanted to entrap us ? Declare plainly what you intend, and after that we fliall deliver
our minds with the utmoft dearnefs, freedom, and boldnefs. 3. For to what purpofe
is it to talk with one who looks upon us as a company of dull beafts, into whom no
thing of wifdom can enter ? 4. With impatient rage you tear and torment yourfelf.
Muft God, to humour thee, fufpend or ceafe his government of the world, and leave
eyery thing to chance: or muft he alter his immutable counfels, or the fixed laws of
his proyidence? 5. But, fay what thou wilt, though the wicked man may

Before Cl)-ift
cir. 1520.
b Ch. 12.7. Sc 17. 4,
12. Pi'. 7J. 22.
Eccl. 3. 18.
cCli. 13.14. & ifi. 9.
Sc 17. 1, 11, 16.
* Hteb. his foul.

f Neverthelefs.
d Prov. 13. 9. Sc 10.
20. ch. co. 5. Mat.
2;. 29. Zech. II.
17-
e 1 Kin. 13. 5. Rev.
IS. 23. en. 21. 17.
Prov. 20. 20. Mat.
6. 23.
X Or tamp.

f Prov. 4. 12. ch. 20.
22. His moll re 0-
lute and vigoroa9
attempts.

7 ine ' iteps ...
ftraitened, and his E own counfel fliall caft
him down.
8 For '' he is caft into a net by his own
feet, and he walketh upon a fnare/
9 The ' gin fhall take him by the
heel, and k the robber fhall prevail againft
him. kch.s.s.&,
10 The fnare is " laid for him in the « Heb. *«**«.
ground, and a trap for him in the way.

, I3.EIU.

g Ch. 5.
3.9.
h Prov. 5. 22. He 29.
6. ch. 22. jo.
1 Tim. 6. 9, 10.
i Ezek. 11. 13. Sc St.
3. Pi. 11. 6. II. 8.
14, 15. 2 Tim. z.
26.

I I
every fide,

1 Terrors fhall make him afraid on ' *f £. &'£' £
and fhall * drive him to his *4.&&s-&«.
29. & 4. 19, 20.
* Heb. fcatter him*

feet 12 His ftrength fhall be m hunger- "Ch. 15.23,24.
bitten, and deftru&ion Jhall be ready at £lv;4,-,£77f#
his fide. -zo.iThd.5.3:

through unbelief. And, if we are faithful to God, we muft be
zealous for his caufe, and take part with his oppreffed people,
whofe bittereft enemies are ufually formal hypocrites. They who
are once brought into God's new covenant way, Jefus Chrift, and
a courfe of hoiinefs, never utterly faint or fail ; nay, even difficul
ties and oppofition quicken them. Many great pretenders to wif
dom can give no profitable inftruftions in a day of trial : and
empty are the promifes, and vain the hopes, of carnal minds.
How debating to proud men are death and the grave ! And even
good men are apt to defpair of that which God really intends for
them. Happy are they who reft in Chrift here — they fhall reft in
death, and in heaven for ever and ever !

profper for a while, all his fplendour and apparent happinefs mail quickly come to an
end. 6. The wealth and honour of his family Ihall be turned into mifery, con
tempt, and forrow, together with himfelf. 7. His bold and refolute attempts to
increafe or maintain his profperity Ihall be nnfuccefsful, and involve him in infur-
mountable difficulties: and his own devices fhall prove the means of his overthrow.
8. His own wiles and works bring him into inextricable difficulty and diftrefs; and
every ftep he takes, in profecution of his defigns, or in the way of pleafing himfelf,
is attended with perpetual danger, and farther enfnares him. 9. While ruinous
fnares take hold of and entangle him, they, who thirft for his blood, wealth, or ho
nours, Ihall prevail againft him. 10. Even when he neither forefees nor fears it,
he is always in danger of fome fudden mifchief. 11. Unexpected and overturning
terrors Ihall fearfully affright him on all hands, and wafte him away on his feet, while
they make him to run from place to place for fafety. 12. Sorrows Ihall infatiably,
as with intenfe hunger, feed upon him, till his ftrength, wealth, and honour, be
entirely wafted ; and nothing but prepared and terrible deilrudioB fliall every where
5C*

Mifery ofthe wicked.

O B.

Job bewails his troubles.

Jlerore ChrLCt
cir. 1520.

t Heb. ban.
n Some terrible
-tiouble. Rev. 6. 8.

13 It fhall devour the + ftrength of his
fkin : even the n firft born of death fhall
devour his ftrength.
0ch.g.,4.&,i.». 14 ° His confidence fhall be rooted out
Miffzifzcf' or* h*s tabernacle, and it fliall bring him
to the king of terrors.
15 p It fhall dwell in his tabernacle,
becaufe it is none of his : 1 brimftone fhall

p Defoliation. Ver,
iz. ch. 20. 19, z6-
28. Prov. 3. 33.
Zech. 5.-4. Jer. 9,

be fcattered upon his habitation.
16 His r roots fhall be dried up be-
K'pr.5^' -neath, and above fhall his branch be cut

(j Gen. in. 24.Pf.71.
6. If. 13. 19. Sc z-.
9. Deui. 29. 23.
rCh. Judi 35, 36. Jer. is. -2. pr
Hof. 9. 16. Mal. On. .
tp4rov!io.7.pr..jc9. 1 7 s His remembrance fliall perifh from
5,36&&V'*9' the earth, and he fhall have no name in

Eccl. 8. 10.&9.5.

t Ver. 14. Prov. 14,
32. Luke 12. 2',.
ch. 10. 21, 22. Sc
la. 8, 9.

the ftreet.
18 cHe

a Jer. 22. 30. If. 14,
22.

fhall be driven from light
into darknefs, and chafed out of the
world. 19 He u fhall neither have fon nor
nephew among his people, nor any re
maining in his dwellings.
20 They that come after him fhall be
sDe«.9.M- lKin< * aftoniihed at his y day, as they that *> went
y pr. 37- ij- sc 137. before " were affrighted.
7. Ezek. 21. 25. O
obad.^2. ch. 1. 2 r Surely z fuch ^r^ the dwellings of
xot iiv,d wm him. the wicked, and this /V the place tf him
that a knoweth not God.

II Heb. laid hold en
horror.
s Ver. 6, 14—16.
a Exod. 5. 2. Judg. 2.
10. i Sam. a. 12.
ch. 21. 14. Pf. 79.
6. iThef. I. 8.
Til, 1. 16.

CHAP.

XIX.

In anfwer to Bildad, Job ( I ) Complains, x That his
pretended comforters, by their fpeeches, added to his
affliclion'; 2 — 7. 2 That his God, whom he depended
on as his great friend, had been the principal au
thor of his manifold and fore troubles; 8 — 12. 3 That
his friends and relations had become fhy of him, or

undutiful and. cruel to him, in his great diftrefs ; 13
- — 22. (2) He comforts himfelf with the affured
expectation of happinefs in the other world, when he
had fio little in this ; and folemnly profeffes his faith
in Chrift and his falvation ; 23 — 27. (3) He warns
his friends io take heed how they perfecuted one> who
was a real though affiitled faint, left it fhould iffue in
their own ruin ; 28 — 29.
THEN Job anfwered and faid,
2 aHow long will ye b vex my foul,
and break me in pieces with words ?
2 Thefe c ten times have ye reproached
me : ye are not afhamed that ye * make
yourfelves ftrange to me.
4 And be it indeed that I have erred,
mine error remaineth d with myfelf.
5 If indeed ye will c magnify yourfelves
againft me, and plead againft me my
reproach ;
6 Know now that f God hath over
thrown me, and hath compafled me with
his net.
7 Behold, I s cry out of + wrong, but I
am not heard; I cry aloud, but there is no
judgment. 8 He hath h fenced up my way that I
cannot pafs ; and he hath fet darknefs in
my paths.
9 He hath ftripped me of my ' glory,
and taken the crown from my head.
10 He hath deftroyed me k on every
fide, and I am gone : and mine ' hope hath
he removed like a tree.
1 1 He hath alfo m kindled his wrath

Before Chri«
cir. 1520.

a Ch. is. 2.
bl Sam. 1.6. Pf. az.
10. Sc 6. 2, 3, Sc
69. 2c. 2 Pet. 2.8.
cOen. 317.Lev.26.
16. Num. 14. 22.
Neh, 4. 12.
* Or harden your
felves againfl me.

i Pf. 19. 12. Ezek.
18. 4. Sc 14. 10. Sc
16. 52. Gal. 6. e.
Prev. 9. 12.
eP.jS. 16.&41.11.
Mic. 7.8. 2 Cor.
2-6,7.
fPr.66. IM2.&44.
ir. Lam. i. 13. &
3. 9. Hof. 7. 12.
ch. 18. 8,9. Ezek.
5. 12—17.

g Jer. 20. 8. Hab. I.
z. Pf. 22. 2. Lam.
3. 8. Pf. 80. 4.
t Or violence.

h Ch.3.23, Lam. 3.
7, 9. Hof. 2. 6.

i Ch. 29. 7, 14, 20*
Gen. 31. 1. Pf. 49.
16, 17. If. 61. 6.
Hof. 9. 11. Eph. y»
ir. Prov. 14. 24,
Sc 17. 6.
kCh. j.13— 19.&2...
7. Pf. 88. 3, 8, 16,
17. 2 Cor. 4. 8.
lCh.6. 11.&17.15,
&Z4. 20. &18. 14..
m Deut. 32. 22. Pf.

Reflections upon Chap. XVIII. — There is much wifdom
in leaving off contention before it be meddled with ; it fo furioufly
heats men's fpirits, and makes them to mifinterpret every thing
faid or done by their antagonift ; nay, makes them to mifapply
the iTioft precious or tremendous truths of God ! They fufpeft af
fronts' that were never intended. They even torment themfelves
¦ — their pride and paflion proving hurtful to both foul and body.
But to what terrible judgments of God, in time, in death, and

chiefly in eternity, are the wicked expofed ! Short lived and un
fubftantial is their profperity, and heavy the curfe that is upon
them ! Being abandoned of God, Satan firft enfnares and after
wards torments them. Agitated by their lufts, they rufh headlong
into ruin ; till death, in all his flings and terrors, devours them !
Then friends, phyficians, and all human fupports, are vain!
Their glorious profperity is quickly turned into everlafting fhame
and contempt.

attend him. 13. Rottennefs, fearful affliclion, and a miferable death, fhall con
fume his flefh and bones. 14.' Whatever he relied upon, for the fupport of him
felf and family, Ihall utterly fail him, and haften his unhappy death; while terrors,
as a mighty king, Ihall drive him into the depths of hell. 15. Terrors, defpair,
and dertruclion, Ihall dwell in his habitation, which he unjuflly. acquired ; and thun
der and lightning, or fome exemplary judgment, like that of Sodom, Ihall deftroy it.
36. His whole eftate, habitation, and family, Ihall be irrecoverably ruined. ij. And
the very name of him ihall be buried in everlafting infamy and forgetfulnefs. 18. He
Ihall be driven from his profperity and life into mifery and deatli, and chafed out of
the world, as a nuifance, into eternal fire. 19. None of his defcendants or kin^
dred Ihall long furvive him, to keep up his remembrance. 20. They on every fide,
whohehold, and they who afterward read or hear of, the fearful vengeance of God
upon him, fhall be aftoniihed and terrified .at it. 21. This, indeed, is a juft
defcription of the miferable condition of the wicked at laft ; and thus, fhall thofe who
tltlhoiioiu Cod be abafed.

Chap. XIX. Job replied, Will ye never ceafe tormenting my foul, and bruifing,
me as in a mortar,, with your fenfelefs revilings! . 3. Ye have too, often wounded-
me with the vileft reproaches. Ye have been ihamelefsly obftinate in your rebukes and
cruel ufagc of me. 4. If I indeed had been miftaken in my opinion or pradlice, I
have fufficiently fmarted for it in my own perfon and eftate ; and fo am a fit objc£t of
pity rather than of your reproach. 5. If you will ftill infolently declaim, againft me,
and allege my debafing calamities as a proof of my impiety, 6. Know- that I am
fenfible that it is God who hath in this fearful manner' caft me down from my profpe
rity, and compaffed. me about with unavoidable miferies. 7. And. my cafe is the
more pitiable that, while friends abufe me with reproach, God, to whom I have re
peatedly committed my caufe, refufes to redrefs my wrongs, or vindicate my inno-
cency. 8. Nay, his plagues {o furround me on every fide that I can find no way;
of efcape; and 1 am fo overwhelmed with perplexity that I know not whither to turn.
myfelf. 9. He has.deprived me of all my dignity, authority, wealth,- and family..
10. In. refpect of children, wealth, honour, authority, and health, he has entirely

Laments the cruelty of his friends.

CHAP.

o pr. 34- '9- cl>- 33-
J2. If. 5'' 23.

p pr. ji. ii. Sc 38.
fn.&69.r "

1.8. & 88.

Ecir°.ri52of againft me, and he n counteth me unto
nch.33-8,io.&i3. him as one of his enemies.
24. Lam. 2. 5- T T " r» i J
1 2 His ° troops come together, and
raife up their way againft me, and en
camp round about my tabernacle.
13 He hath Pput my brethren far from
me, and mine acquaintance are verily
eftranged from me.
14 'My 1 kinsfolk have failed, and my
familiar friends have forgotten me.
15 They that r. dwell in mine houfe,
cfcn. 5. pr. 123. and my maids, s count me for a ftranger:
I am an alien in their fight.
1 6 I called my fervant, and 'he gave
me no anfwer: I entreated him with my
mouth. 17" My breath is ftrange to my wife,
though I entreated for the x children'sy^
of + mine own body.
1 8 Yea, y young children defpifed me ;
I arofe, and they fpake againft me.
19 ZA11 Hmy inward friends abhorred
nKeb.jhemmofmy me: and they whom I loved are turned
againft me.
**£:$$l%\%. 20 a My bone cleaveth to my fkin,
• or*. *and to my flefh; and I am efcaped with
the fkin of my teeth.

XIX.
21 Have B

q Prov. 18. 24. Mic,
7. 5. Mat. 10. ai,
Pf. 69. 8. with
Prov. 17. 17-
t Deut. 10. 18, 19.
cii. 31. 31.

t Prov. 19. T9. &30.
Z2.with 1 Tim. 6.
l. Eph. 6. 5. Col.
3. 22.

11 Ch. 17. 1.&2. g,
10.
x Ch. 1. 2, 19.
$ He;b. my belly.
y Or the wicked. Ch.
30. 1. aKin. 1. 23.

ZPC4L9.&55.I3, 14, 20. & 109. 4.

Job's hopes of eternal happinefs.
1 _*«.,, Before Chrift
pity upon me, have pity c,-r. ,520.
upon me, O ve my friends, for the hand \7cZZz~cZT.
r s^i i 1 1 1 J I2- Heb- '3- 3- ch-
or God hath c touched me. 6- '¦»• Rom- «• -s-
22 Why do ye d perfecute me as God, <c"-*-'°-p<-^-
j J r J r d Pf. 69.26. Zech. r.
and are not fatisfied with my flefh r \i:f?-t£f%™fJ:
23 + Oh that my words were now + Heb. ^wai
written ! oh that they were printed in a
book !
24 That they were graven with an
eiron pen and lead in the rock for ever!
25 For fI know that my s Redeemer
liveth, and that he fhall h ftand at the
latter day upon the earth :
26 + And, 'though after my fkin worms jl'h™f'z£'J*-
deftroy this body, yet ' in my flefh fhall I tor*p,rifb*ii
J awake, though fljir
body be dejiroyect\

e Jer. 17. 1. If. g-, r.
&30. S. Hab. z. 2.
fRcm. 8. 28, 38,39.
2 Tim. 1. 12.
g I Cor. 15.45. Mat.
20. 28. ch. 33. 23,
24. If. 49. 26.

fee God
2 7 Whom I fliall fee k for myfelf, and
mine eyes fhall behold, and not H another;
though my reins be confumed '" within
me. 28 But ye fhould fay, Why 'perfecute
we him, + feeing the root of the matter is
found in me ?
29 Be ye afraid of the fword : for
wrath bringeth the punifhments of the
fword, that ye m may know there is a
judgment.

yet out of my flcjls
fhall Ijee God.
i Phil. 3, 21. j Cor,
15- 22- & 13. 12.
Pi- I6- II. & 17.
15. Mat.. 5. 8.
1 John 3. 2. Rev.
22.4.
k If. 26, 19. rCor.
15. 53-
II Heb. aflranger.
* Heb. in my eofcm*
1 Ver. 21. Gal, 4. 29,
Heb. ii. 36. Pl~
69.26.
f Qr and what reof
of mutter is found.
in meS
mEccl. ir. cy. Fr.58.
Jl. Mat-7.l.Roir..-
14. 4. Jam. 4. 11.

Reflections upon Chap. XIX. — Hard is the trial when
inward vexation and outward reproach meet together; and diftreff-
ing the fituation when thofe who ought to comfort us again and
again reproach and difquiet us ; and efpecially when men abufe us
with revilings, and God fhuts out our prayer, and loads us with
trouble ! But, when God ftrikes a faint, almoft every perfon and
thing is ready to fecond his blow; and then the fparing of his rela
tions becomes a heavier crofs than the removal of them by death.
It is hard to difcern God's love and endeared affection amidft many
and heavy ftrokes of paternal wrath. But happy are thofe who,
when earth is turned into a kind of hell to them, can by faith fo-
lace themfelves with the views of a future judgment, and of being
for ever with Jefus Chrift — their Relation, their Hufband, their
Deliverer, their Lord ! It is dangerous to perfecute the faints

while their Kinfman-Redeemer lives, and fees, and fliall quickly judge
the world. But here let me ftand ftill, and with pleafure remark.
that there is a Kinfman-Redeemer provided for fallen men ; that
he'is a living and divine Redeemer; that I have a new covenant
intereft in him, and know that I have it ; that there will be a laft
day, when time fhall be no more ; that then my Redeemer* who
ftood as the laft Adam upon earth, fhall appear without fin unt»
my falvation; and fo fhall I be for ever with the Lord: I fhall be
like him, for I fhall fee him as he is ! — Let me blufh to behold aa
ancient patriarch, amidft his darkeft nights of trouble,, with
clearer views of Jefus and eternal things, and his happy intereft:
therein, than I, upon whom the light of the glorious gofpel hath ft>
clearly fliined.

deftroyed me ; and' all my hopes of future comfort in this world he hath plucked up
by the roots. 12. He has in the moft violent and furious manner airlifted me,
as if I had been one of his principal enemies. 13. Whole armies of troubles have,
by his order, invaded me; and, as with raifed batteries, fo ftraitly befieged me that
not the fmallefr comfort I had could efcape their fury. 14 — 16. While friends
arid neighbours are alienated from me, and refufe to do me any office of kindnefs,
my maidens and men-fervants treat me with' the utmoft difobedience and contempt.
17. My wife regards my complaints and cries no more than if 'fhe were a mere
ftranger, though I have begged her fympathy for the fake of our dear children, who
have been fp dreadfully hurried into death. 18. The very children and ignorant
people about, following the example of the reft, defpife me, and treat me with the
moft abufive language. 19. The very men whom I had trufted with my fecrets,
and who had received the' moft diftinguifhed to,kens of my affeclion, abhor and hate
me. 20. I am wafted with affliclions till I am little more- than Ikin and bone ;
I am bruifed till the teeth have fallen out of my head ; and I have fcarcely left me a-
mouth to complain. 21. O my friends, have pity upon me, when God's afflifti'ng
hand has fo grievoufly fmitten and wounded me! aa» Why do ye perfecute and

harafs me, as if ye were an avenging God ! Why, as if unfatisfied with my. external
calamities, do ye cruelly torment my fpirit?  Z3. O that my proteftations of up
rightnefs, and appeals to God, were in the moft legible and indelible manner regiftered.
in a book of public records for my vindication, and for the encouragement o£ other
upright perfons under fore troubles ! 24. O that they were regiftered in the moft
indelible manner in fome marble rock or pillar, to continue legible- to all generations f
25. For, notwithftanding thefe prefent miferies, I by faith know, and am firmly
perfuaded, that Jefus- Chrift, my Kinfman-Redeemer, liveth, having life in himfelf;,
and ihall viclorioufly ftand as the laft Adam, upon the duft of the earth, in his incar
nation, refurreclion, and appearance to judgment. 26. And, though thefe ver
min, bred, or breeding, in my articled body, Ihould quickly devour the whole of
it, yet even in this body, when falhioned like unto his glorious body, fhall I fee God
irt my nature ! 27. Whom I fhall fee for my own particular comfort, in my own
perfm, when raifed from the dead. — Though at prefent I am at the point o£ death1
through fore trouble, and earneftly longing for deliverance. 28. Ye ihould there
fore fay, Why do we perfecute one in whom there is fuch foundnefs and ftrength of
fei--'V and who hath the right caufe in the prefent debate? zq, Beware, left, God.

Zophar defcribe s the terrible

J O B.

mifery of the wicked.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

C H A P. XX.
Nothing fatisfied, or even mollified, by all that Job
had faid, Zophar again attacks him with the utmoft
vehemence. ( 1 ) After a fhort, but pajfionate, pre
face, he, in a kind of appeal to Job, afferts, in gene^
ral, that the profperity of the wicked in this world is
fhort, and their ruin certain anifudden ; I — 9. (2)
He more particularly afferts, that, to punijh their
fiejhly lufts, their love ofthe world, and their violent
oppreffions, their hopes fhall be difappointed, their
bodies difeafed, their confeience difquieted, their eftate
ruined, and their family beggared; 10 — 21. (3) He
defcribes the form of their ruin; that, fpringing
from God's juft wrath, it Jlmll be inevitable, total,
terrible, and ruinous, to themfelves and families,
however infenfibly it may come on; 22 — 29.
HEN anfwered Zophar the Naa-
mathite, and faid,
as,m.jo.i.Gai.4. 2 Therefore a do my thoughts caufe
* neb. »,, hafte h-m me to anfwer, and for this *I make
hafte. 2 I have b heard the check of my
reproach, and c the fpirit of my under
ftanding caufeth me to anfwer.
**£**¦ *¦£$;% 4 d Knoweft thou not this of old, fince
>s-jo- man was placed upon earth,
5 e That the triumphing of the wicked
is 1" fhort, and the joy of the hypocrite but
t Heb. from near. f0f a niOITient ?
f Gen. n. 4. ir. ,4. 6 Though his excellency f mount up
i}, 14. Dan. 4. 11. . . ° 11-11 1
iLi7il%. to tne heavens, and his head reach unto
x neb. cloud. the + clouds ;

rpj

b 2 Tim. 4. 3. ch. 19.
29.
c Ch. 34. 8, 18.

ePf.37. 35, 36. Dan.
4. 31. Ads IZ. 22,
23. Pf.73.lS— 20.
Eccl. 7. 6.

g Pf. 83. 10. 1 Kin.
14. lo. 2 Kin. 9. 37.

7 Yet she fhall perifh for ever, like his
own dung : they which have feen him

'S.'cVK fhall fay, h Where is he?

iPif.-£.7?8&cffJ' ^ He ' fhall fly away as a dream, and
,8- fhall not be found : yea, he fhall be chafed

k Ch, 7. 8, 10. & 8.
j8.P1". 103. 15,16.

away as a vifion of the night.
9 The keye alfo which faw him fhall
fee him no more ; neither fhall his place
any more behold him.

1 o ' 'I His children fhall feek to pleafe
the poor, and his hands fhall m reftore 1p.0v.283.pr.,™
. r 9- 10. Prov. ia. 10.

Before Chrift
cir. 152a.

their goods.

9. 10. Prov. 14. jtj.

II Or the poor Jball
1 1 » His bones are full of the fin of his St^'*
youth, which fliall lie down with him in m\*fff~ *;£•>¦
the duft. n|w. 5'ii-,4.
12 Though wickednefs be9 fweet in ££"£%J<
his mouth, thourh he hide it under his '4'S1-'
° o Prov. 9,17. pf. „,
tongue; _ li.*^*
13 Though he p fpare it, and forfake P^ „.„.„=,„.

within his Hom.Vi'/.Prov.
28. 13.

14. 14. & 23, 3!-.
is-

Prov. 23. 8. Mat.
17. 3, 4. ver. 10,18.

it not, but keep it ftill
mouth ; •Heb.mfj,^^-
14 Yet 1 his meat in his bowels isq£^&4ig
turned, it is the gall of afps within %%tTvft
him. 15 He hath fwallowed down riches, ^
and r he fhall vomit them up again : God ¦¦
fliall caft them out of his belly.
16 s He fhall fuck the poifon of afps : 'SS^'fe? 27. IZ Afts 28 I
the viper's tongue fhall flay him. *¦'* »-4-8.' *
1.7 'He fhall not fee the rivers,- + the l f^Ull:
floods, the brooks of honey and butter. ,££)*, ^
18 u That which he laboured for fhall uver.i0,rS.jer.sj.
he reftore, and fhall not fwallow it down: &'od.r£.'i.'31"
t according to his fubftance fhall the^^^'L
reftitution be, and he fhall not rejoice
therein. 19 x Becaufe he hath H oppreffed, and* ™*-l^\£f
hath forfaken the poor; becaufe he hath „ Heb. «-#«,.
violently taken away an houfe which he
builded not ;
20 r Surely he fliall not * feel quietnefs '?£&!*&.
in his belly, he fhall not fave of that ,^3 J*"'r
which he defired.
21 + There fhall none of his meat bet™»«w'A«s'
x left ; therefore fhall no man look for his 2 L„ke ,<-,. i4. Jer.
j 17. n. 8c 22. 19.
OQS. ch.18.19.Ife1. 21.
22 aIn the fulnefs of his fufficiency he a^k7e.TcV?8.7?v'

goods.

punilh your inhuman cruelty to me with fome terrible judgments. Such rage as your's
deferves,"and fuch wrath as God's, provoked by your Iin, will bring fearful calamities
upon you, that ye may know, to your coil, that God vindicates his own people and
punifhes their enemies.
Chap. XX. Interrupting Job, Zophar the Naamathite, in no fmall fury, replied,
». My thoughts make me burn and fwell with matter .of refutation, and oblige me
to anfwer; therefore, highly provoked with thy fpeech, I make hafte to the difpute,
as a perfon fully prepared. 3. 1 have indeed heard a moft reproachful anfwer to
my own and my friend's former fpeeches ; but my heart enables me to anfwer in thc
moft prudent and confederate manner. 4, 5. Knoweft thou not, that all along
from the creation the profperity of a wicked man and hypocrite has been very fliort-
lived and momentary. 6. Though his high-towering excellency mount up to
heaven, and his temporal honours and happinefs be advanced to the higheft pitch,
7—9. He Ihall quickly pcriih in the moft difgraceful and contemptible manner,
without any hope of recovery. 10. His children, in their wretchednefs, Ihall court
the favour of the meaneft, or attempt to fatisfy them for the wrongs done to them
toy their father ; and the works of his hands fliall render him forrow for hia reward.

11. His youthful and fecret wickednefs (hall bring fuch diftempers upon him as ihall
haften him to his grave, and fliall attend him to hell. 12—14. M h? witn 8rea,:
fondnefs and pleafure indulged himfelf in his wickednefs, it (hall prove moft bitter,
unwholefome, painful, and deftruftive, to him, in the fearful miferies attending it.
15. The riches which he has greedily and unjuftly got into his poffeffion he (hall be
forced to reftore with great (hame and torment. God (hall fo torment him with trouble
and anguilh of mind that he fhall be (ick of them. 16. That which he has been
fb eager in getfjng (hall bring upon him the moft terrible, painful, and deftruftive,
judgments. 17. Never (hall he enjoy the leaft real comfort in all his plenty of
outward things. 18. He fliall be obliged to reftore the hire which he unjuftly with
held ; nay, even what he laboured for fliall be curfed to him, and quickly loft along
with his unjuft gain; and he (hall have no comfort in any thing he has. 19. Be
caufe he furioufly oppreffed the poor till he rendered them deftitute, and violently
feized houfes which he built not, 20. Therefore (hall he have no folid fatisfaftion
in his own mind, but be in pain, as a travailing woman; and (hall be deprived of all
his defirable things. ai. He (hall fcarcely have wherewith to fuftain himfelf in
life, and (hall have no goods left for any to look after. 2a, In the very height of
his profperity he fliall he terribly diftreffed ; and even his fellows in impiety fliall concut

Inevitable ruin ofthe wicked:
fhall be in ftraits : every hand of the
b wicked fhall come upon him

CHAP. XX.. XXL

they often profper in this world.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

y Or trouble.etne.
Ch. I. IS, 17-
cNnm. 11. 33. Pf.

23 When c he is about to fill his belly
,3UVcenB'.y. God ihall caft the fury of his wrath upon
£ ji "s- 'Lute him, and fhall rain it upon him while he
17. 28, 29. . ' . r
is eating.
% +»" Amof; fg 24 d He fhall flee from the iron weapon ,
**.'-'¦*""'• and the bow of fteel fhall ftrike him
through.
'"6ut,'3?&4,H.ii: 25 ' It 1S drawn, and cometh out of the
judg. 3. n, zz. ijQ^y; yea? the glittering fword cometh

out of his gall : terrors are upon him
26 All f darknefs fhall be hid in his
p:&"i.Iiz.3& fecret places: a fire not blown fhall con
fume him ; it s fhall go ill with him that

fCh. 18. 5,6. If. 8.
22. Juda 13. Deui.

8. 12.
g Exod. 20. 5. Pf.
ITzVdii&Q is kft m his tabernacle.
hRom.i 18.1r.26. 27 h The heaven fhall reveal his ini-
21. 1 Cor. 4. 5. . / ,/, • r /1
quity ; and the earth fhall rife up againft
him. 28 ' The increafe of his houfe fhall
depart, and his goods fhall flow away in
klelM%chzo^t the day of k his wrath. .
1 S: & jj''2?Mat. 29 l This is the portion of a wicked man
Roi'^'s,"'-5*' from God, and the heritage + appointed
XhI of his decree ^IltO hiffl by God.
from GiJ. CHAP. XXI.

i Rev. 18.14. 2 Kin,
20. 17. ch. 5. 5.

Finding that his mournful complaints nothing moved
the pity of his friends, Job, in this and the fol
lowing replies, infifts lefs upon them, and attempts
more c'ofiely to prove that outward profperity was no
certain mark of piety, nor remarkable judgments of
diftinguifhed impiety. Here, after a preface calcu
lated to move their pity and beg their attention, I — 6 ;

Reflections upon Chap. XX. — Alas! the moft confident
and forward in a difpuie are feldom in the right : and with fuch the
kindeft warning is interpreted into an affront, and returned with
infolence ; and the dictates of paiTion pafs for the arguments of
reafon. The truths of God are often, as here, excellently ex
plained, but miferably applied. Short lived is a wicked man's
profperity, and a hypocrite's profeflion. If not in this life, fin and
ruin fhall in the next appear certainly infeparable. And, the higher
men tower in finful profperity, their fall into the pit of deftrudtion
fhall be the more dreadful. What terrible confequences have the

Befoie Chtift
cir. 1 czo.

he labours to convince their judgment and reilify their
miftake, Jhewing that, though not always, yet mfl
commonly, wicked men are permitted of God to live in
profperity, and to depart this life without any vifible
ftrokes of diftinguifhed judgment. ( 1 ) He defcribes
the great profperity of wicked men; 7 — 13. (2)
Shews what great impiety they are hardened in by
th ir profperity ; 14, 15, 16. And (3) that, from
want of conftunt example, from the diverfified forms
of men's death, and from common experience, the
difcriminating deftruilion of u icied men is chiefly re
ferved for the future flute ; 17 — 34.
BUT Job anfwered and faid,
2 aHear diligently my fpeech, and t(£Vi2iJl:%.
let this be your b confolations. bch.,,.,1.
2 Suffer me that I may fpeak ; and,
after that I have fpoken, c mock on. '"iof'^^.t"5'
4 As for me, d is my complaint to man ? d zPfz'z6\*i %¦
and, if it were fo, why fhould not my ,0i- "tle-
fpirit be * trou bled ? * ^ fT*
5 + Mark me, and ebe aftonifhed, and lcl.lj°l.7cI7'.
( lay your hand uponjyotV/- mouth. I2a Rom- II-35'
6 Even when I remember £ I am afraid, 9-|V+-"ptt|:
and trembling taketh hold on my flefh. * pr. no. «c. Hab.
7 h Wherefore do the wicked live, f
become old, yea, are ' mighty in power?
8 Their k feed is eftablifhed in their . R6' EccL 7''5'
1 Rev. 13. 4. Sc ij. z
fight with them, and their offspring be- uliiT^ii^t
fo. 1 • ^ & 16. 10, 22.
re their eyes. .„ , ._
9 Their houles + are fafe from fear, <^»-5.i<>,*i,-s.
1 neither is the rod of God upon them. +- Heb. are/*.™/™*
10 m Their bull gendereth, and faileth i ^.,,.5.^.9.34.
not ; their cow calveth, and cafteth not mw. 1,4.15, 14.
' ' Exacl. 13. 26.
her calf.

Pf. 17. 10. Sc 73. j
—12. Jer. 12. 1—;.
Hab. 1 16. ch. 12.

often unthought-of fins of youth! Bitter are the iilues , of thofa
fins which are reckoned fweet ; and inexpreffible the lofs of thofe
which are reckoned gainful. Where God's curfe lies there can
be no real felicity. But dreadful fhall it be to the wicked when
all their dreams of happinefs fhall be difappointed, their fecret fins
revealed, and the wrath of God fhall take an everlafting hold of
them ! Let the found of deftruction — terrible deftruftion — ever
lafting deftruftion, that is in my ears, drive me to Jefus Chrift,
and the everlafting redemption through his blood, even the forgive
nefs of my fins, according to the riches of his grace.

to render him miferable. 23. Whenever he fhall attempt to fatisfy himfelf in
what he has, fome extraordinary judgment (hall of a fudden overtake him.
24. When he ihall attempt to avoid one danger, another more dreadful (hall over
take him: 25. And terribly (hall the judgments of God torment and deftroy
him. Horrors of confeience (hall feize upon him, as one, who cannot live, and whu
dares not die. 26. Every kind of fearful calamities (hall be referved for him as
his treafure, and (hall folbw him wherever he thinks to hide himfelf. Some awful
judgment, which comes none knows how, fliall confume him. His pjfterity and
family . (hall, for his fake, be curfed of God, and entirely wafted and ruined.
27. God, by remarkable judgments of thunder, lightning, or the like, fhall difcover
his notorious wickednefs; and -all creatures on. earth (hall exert themfelves for his
ruin. 28. His eftate, which he had got by the labour of his family, fliall quickly
be taken from him, or deftroyed, in the day when God manifefts his wrath againft
him. 29. This is the portion and reward which God has allotted to impious and
infolent Tinners.

Cha?. XXI. Job immediately replied, 2. Inftead of pretending to comfort
me, patiently and attentively hear my fpeech. 3. Permit me freely to declare my
mind, without interrupting me; and, when I have finiflied my pertinent reafoning,
mock on as long as you pleafe. 4. I have made my appeal to God; and, had it
been to man, 1 could not but be vexed to find myfelf thus interrupted, reproached,
and abufed. 5. To fee in me a religious a.id upright man fo fearfully afflifted
might over .vhelm yon with the moft confounding aftonifliment at the awfully-fove-
reign-providence of God, and at lead make you willing to hold your peace while I
fpeak. 6. For truly, when I think on it, I am filled with the moft terrifying
awe of his fovereign judgments. 7. But, if wicked men always meet with fuch
fearful calamities as you have pretended, whence is it that many of them for a long
time flourifli in uncommon profperity and power; 8. Nay, live to fee their chil
dren, and children's children, f»ttl?d and profperous? 9. Their habititioas and
families live in peace and fecurity, and are not loaded with any affiifticms ¦
10. While their cattle are extremely healthful, profperous, and fruitful)

The profperity and

O B.

end of wicked men.

Ee'bre Chrift
cir. I 520.
11 Pf. 107. 41. & 127.
3—5. Sc 128. 3, 6.
& 144- sz, 13.
e Gen. 4. 21. Amos
6. 5, 6. If. ii- 13-
& 5. 12.
p Ch. 36. 11. Mat.
24. 38, 39. Luke
12. 19. PI. 73. 4-
|] Or in mirth.
q Ch. 22. 17. Luke
19. 14. Mill. 3. 14,
JJ. & I. 13. Jer.
12. z.
r Exod. 5.2. Prov.
30 9. ch. 35- 3-
Mal. 3. 14. v/1111
If. 4S. 11,19. Mat.
7-7-

E Pf. 51. 7- Deut. 8.
18. ch. I. 21.
tPf. 1.1. Gen. 49. 6.
Prov. 1. 10 — 19,
&5. 8.
u Ch. 18. 5, 6, 12.
Pf. 73. 18—20.

xPf. 32- n. Hof. 13,
13. iTbef. ;. 3.'
Luke 12. 46.

y Pf. 1. 4. If. 17. 13.
&29- 5. Hof. 13.3.
4 Heb.Jlealeth away.

zTttztK, thepunifh
tnent of his iniquity
Exod. 20. e. PI.
leg. r. — 15. Rev.
18; 6. If. 14. 21.

a jer. <2. 10. 8c zee
15. Pf. 75. 8. Rev.
14. 10. & 20. 1}.

fc Cb. 14. 21.

e Pf. 55. 13. & 102.
24.
<nr. 40. 13,14. & 45
9. Rom. II. 34.
j Cor. 2. 16.
e Ch. 34. 17— TO.
Gen. 18. 25. Eccl
5.8.

1 1 n They fend forth their little ones
like a flock, and their children dance.
1 2 They ° take the timbrel and harp,
and rejoice at the found of the organ.
13 They p fpend their days " in wealth,
and in a moment go down to the grave.
14 q Therefore they fay unto God,
Depart from us ; for we defire not the
knowledge of thy ways.
1 5 r What is the Almighty, that we
fhould ferv"' him ? and what profit fhould
we have it we pray unto him ?
1 6 Lo, s their good is not in their
hand : the counfel of the wicked ' is far
from me.
1 7 How u oft is the * candle of the
wicked put out? and how oft cometh
their deff.ru6t.iori upon them r God x dif-
tributeth forrows in hissanger.
18 They are as y ftubble before the
wind, and as chaff that the ftorm + car-
rieth away.
1 9 God layeth up z his iniquity for
his children : he rewardeth him, and he
fhall know it.
20 ? His eyes fliall fee his deftru&ion,
and he fliall drink of the wrath of the
Almighty. 2 1 For what b pleafure hath he in his
houfe after him, when the number of his
months is cut off c in the midft ?
22 d Shall any teach God know
ledge, feeing he judgeth thofe that are
e high ?

Reflections upon Chap. XXI. — Thofe who are once en
gaged in hot difputes often lofe their way, through want of atten
tion to their opponents. But what a mercy it is that faints
have a gracious God to complain to when their friends refufe to
hear what they fay, or to regard their diftrefs ! And, though the
prefent difpenfations of providence fometimes ftagger the faith and
hope ofthe beft of men, the laft judgment will make all clear and
plain. What a certain fadt, and often a fad ftumbling-block to the
godly, is the profperity of wicked men ! It often hardens them in

23 One dieth f in his full ftrength,
being wholly at eafe and quiet.
24 s His + breafts are full of milk, and
his bones are moiftened with marrow.
25 h And another dieth in the bitter-
nefs of his foul, and never eateth with
pleafure. 26 They fhall lie down ' alike in
the duft, and the k worms fhall cover
them. 27 Behold, I know your l thoughts,
and the devices which ye wrongfully ima
gine againft me.
28 For ye fay, Where is m fhe houfe
of the prince ? and where are " the dwell
ing-places of the wicked ?
29 Have ye not afked them that n go
by the way ? and do ye not know their
tokens, 30 ° That the wicked is referved to the
day of deftru£tion ? they fhall be brought
forth to * the day of wrath. •
2 1 p Who fhall declare his way to his
face ? and who fhall repay him what he
hath done ?
32 q Yet fhall he be brought to the
¦t" grave, and fhall + remain in the tomb.
22 The clods of the valley fhall be
r fweet unto him, and 5 every man fhall
draw after him, as there are innumerable
before him.
34 How t then comfort ye me in vain,
feeing in your anfwers there remaineth
II falfehood ?

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
I" Heh. in his very
perfection, er in the
ftrength' of his per
fection. Ch. 20,22,
Eccl. 9. 1—3.
gPf. 7* 4,7- & 17-
10. with ch. 20. 17.
X Or miltpails.
h Mat. 27. 3— e.
Eccl. 6. 2. Rutht.
20, 21. ch. 3. 20. •
Heb. 2. ij.
i Eccl. 9. 2. ch. 3.18.
klf. 14.11. Pf.49.
14- ch. 17. 14. cc
19. 25.
lCh.20.5,29.&4. 8— II.

ra Ch. 1. 13— 19.--
Gen. 19. 24. Cc 6.
5—7. Pf- 49- 11.
|[ Heb. the tent of th.
tabernacles of the
wicked.
n Ch. 31. 32. Pf.
129.8.

0 Prov. 16. 4, e. Sc
II. 21. 2 Pet. 2,9.
ch. 36. 6.
* Heb. the day of
wraths.
pGal.2. it. Mat.' 14.
3, 4. 2 Kin. 25. 6,
7. Judg. 1. 7. Mat.
7. 2. Jam. 2. 13.

q Ch. 3. 13. Luke
16. 22.
t Heb. graves.
X Heb. watch in the
heap.
r Ch. 3. 17, 18. &
24. 24. Sc 14. 2r.
s Heb. 9. 27. ch, 30
23. Gen. 3. 19.
Eccl. 12. 7.
tCh.13.4. & 16-2.

II Heb. tranfgrtffons.

prefumptuous impiety, to their own deftruction. But it will never
reconcile a tender faint to their manner of life. It entails upon
themfelves and families at laft the greateft mifery. And, however
different their lot on earth, or the manner of their death, or pom
pous their burial, everlafting punifhment in hell fhall be their final
portion. Let therefore their heart, their counfel, their practice,
be far from me. And, while I adore the high fovereignty of God
in his providence, let me never comfort myfelf with vain words!
Where there is no truth there can be no folid ccfmfort.

11, 12. Their wives with the greateft eafe bring forth multitudes of children, who
employ themfelves in nothing but carnal joy and mirth. 13. Even unto old age
they fpend their days in earthly profperity and carnal indulgence, and at laft die very
eafily, without any fenfe of pain. 14, 15. Gratified and puffed up with their
profperity, they, in the moft daring manner, teftify their difiike and contempt of
the knowledge, fervice, and worfliip, of God. 16. It is God, however, not
themfelves, who renders them wealthy and powerful. Yet far be it from me to
join with them in their impiety : 17. But let facts fpeak for themfelves. How
often are wicked men's fhining profperity and honour extinguiflied by fearful judgments,
and juftly merited deftruilion ? How often does God, as by lot, diftribute to them
entangling bonds of trouble and- forrow in his anger? 18. How often arc they of
a fudden fearfully carried away befcre the (weeping whirlwinds of his awful judg
ments? ro. How often are either wicked mcn'6 children or themfelves rewarded

with fearful punifliments ? 20. How often do wicked men on earth experience the
diftinguiihing judgments and hot burning wrath of the Almighty? 21. And,
though their children ihould profper, what pain, care, or pleafure, can they have
about their houfe and family after they are cut off by an early death? 22. Dare
any of you pretend to teach God how to govern the world; and whom to profper and
whom not? or to prefcribe rules by which he muft judge men, who, even the higheft,
are in death but the food of worms? , 23, 24. Some men, both good and bad, die
in the very prime of their life and height of their profperity, and in a very eafy man
ner. 25. Others die amidft torments of body and anguifh of mind, without ever
partaking of earthly happinefs or pleafure i 26. They lie down together in the
fame condition in the grave, and the vermin make an equal prey of both; fo that
none can tell who is good or who is bad by any external events. 27. I can indeed
eafily forcfee what you, in your reproachful fpeeches and imaginations, will think and

Eliphaz rebukes Job for prefumption.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

CHAP. XXII.
Job had fpoken of the profperity of the wicked as a
myftery 'of providence. His friends underftood him
as maintaining that providence countenanced their
wickednefs ; hence two of them give him a third at
tack. Here (1) Eliphaz rebukes Job for his com
plaints of God's fever ity, and Jhews that God neither
would nor could do him wrong; 1 — 4. (2) Upon
mere fuppofition, he exhibits a terrible charge of op
preffion, injuftice, atheifm, and infidelity, againfl
him, as the caufes of God's judgments upon him ; 5 —
14. (3) -To awaken Job's confeience, he compares his
cafe to that of the old world defrayed by the ftood ;
15 — 18. (4) After remarking the joy and fafety
ofthe godly amidft the deftrudion of the wicked, ig,
20. he adminifters excellent advice to Job ; import
ing, that, upon his knowledge of and correfpondence
with God, refignation to his will, obedience to his
law, and turning to him by faith, repentance, and
reformation, he would remove his ajfliclions, allow
him intimacy with him, fucceed his defigns, and blefs
his labours ; and even hear his prayers in behalf of
others; 21 — 30.
THEN Eliphaz the Temanite an
fwered and faid,
2 aCan a man be profitable unto God,
* as he that is wife may be profitable
b unto himfelf?
3 Is c // any pleafure to the Almighty
b prov. 9. 12. Deut. that thou art righteous ? or is it gain to
si.Gzib.t1' him that thou makeft thy ways perfect?
%siL£VS 4 Will he d reprove thee for fear of
d&'&*i".'He2?£. tnee -? w^u he enter with thee into judg-
6'1' ' ment ?
*'£&%*% 5 Is not thy wickednefs

CHAP. XXII. Elipha% accufes of cruel oppreffion.
7 b Thou haft not given water to the d^o."
weary to drink, and thou haft withholden spiov.j..,.^,:
iir.ii 2I- |am- 3.15,16.
bread from the hungry. ir- s»- ?¦
8 But, as for * the mighty man, he*Hcb,i"M"r
h had the earth ; and
man dwelt in it.

a Ch. 3;. z. Pf. 16.
2. Luke 17. 10.
I Chr. 29. 14.
Rom. II. 35, 36.
* Or if he may he
profitable, doth his
good fuccefs depend
thereon ?

the

y man,
honourable h >¦-"• ,2-a-& '7- u.
Jam. z. i — $.

Heb. eminent, or
acceft-d fur counter

9 ' Thou haft fent widows away empty, ™«-
and the arms of the fatherlefs have been ^.cUlfL
1 1 ' V.'itll Ch. 20. 12—
broken.

17- Sc J I. 16— i
io Therefore k fnares are round about k ?9h:6l8- 3~10- &
thee, and fudden ' fear troubleth thee ;
1 1

1 1 Sara. 28. 20. Heb,
Or m darknefs, that thou canft not ^-^sfffit

fc

ee

and abundance of waters

24. 17, is.
COVer m If 8- 22. Lam. j.
1,2. ch. 18.6— 13,
& 20. 5 — 29.

Pf. ir;. ;.lf.66.i.
Sc 14. 13, 14.

25, n. 2 Sam. 24.

thine iniquities infinite

great, and

r|Sut.^.^?j. 6 For f thou haft taken a pledge from
thy brother for nought, and + ftripped

. 24. 10 — 13,
. 18. 16. ch.

Ezek. 31. 17, 19.
^Xdftl^ed. the naked of their clothing.

thee. 1 2 "Is not God in the height of heaven ? nf.r&y.'6.' inl
and behold '* the height of the ftars, how „
high they are !
° All r r, tt ,.^,-1 * Heb. the head of
12 And thou fayeft, tpHow doth God ,l"J!ars-
know? can he judge through the darkf°'^*a''
ClOUd r ,04.7. &IO.JI,i(,
UUUU • _ Zeph. 1.12. Ezek.
14 q Thick clouds are a covering to "¦"¦&l»-9-
him, that he feeth' not; and he walketh *-'^>li-tJl'
r in the circuit of heaven. '*yfa\?£?.l
1 5 Haft thou marked the s old way 4°- 3£-13'
which wicked men have trodden ?
16 'Which were cut down out of time
whofe u foundation was overflown with
a flood ;
1 7 Which faid unto God, x Depart from
us ; and what can the Almighty do * for xch.2i.i4.Mat.s.
them r X Or to them.
1 8 Yet yhe filled their houfes with good ypr.i7i4-Aasj4.
w 17. Jer. 12. 1, a.
things: but z the counfel of the wicked zCh. 21.16. ku,
a Pf. 107. 42. & 58.
r 10. Rev. 18. 20. &
fee it, and are i%\-|™;:

3 Gan. 6. 5, it— tj,
or ch. 34. 7, 8.
t Ch. k. 1%. Pf. 55.
zi.Sc 37-35- t&
& 129. 5,6. Eccl.

7. 17.
u Heb. foundation
z'jas a fitttid poured
out. Gen. 7. 11—.
24. 2, Pec. 2. 5.

is far from me.

l9

Th,

righteous

fay. 28. You will afk, What is become of my own once princely family, and of
the dwellings of my children? And if providence hath not plainly marked us out for
wicked, by the fearful judgments which have- befallen us? 29, 30. But cannot
even the moft common paffenger tell you, that they have obferved that wicked men
are often preferved, as in a fecret place, amidft deftru&ive judgments, and are carried
forth .with pomp in the day of overflowing wrath, and the -punilhment of their crimes
referved for the other world? 31. Their power is often fo great on earth, 'that
nobody dare reprove or can punifh them for their crimes. 32. Nay, they are
brought in pomp to the grave, and honourably and quietly reft in their tombs.
33. They fleep as quietly in their graves as the beft; aad all men, whether good or
bad, by little and little, follow them into that ftate of the dead, without any vifible
difference betwixt them. / 34. Why then attempt ye to comfort me with unfub
ftantial hopes of future happinefs? And why doth the vileft prevarication, inconfiftent
with the caufe of God or your duty, continue to be the whole fum of your dif-
courfes? Chap. XXII. Imagining that Job had accufed God of injuftice, in fuffering the
wicked to profper. and the righteous to be afflicled, Eliphaz, in great- anger, replied,
2. Dared thou imagine that God is a gainer by our virtue, as we ourfelves are, and
fo bound to reward us for it? 3. Can it add any thing to his joy or profit that thou
art ever fo righteous and perfect ? 4. Doft thou imagine that he correfls thee out
of reverence to thee, or for fear thou fhouldeft hurt him ? Will he, for fear of thee,
-either punilh thee, or give thee an account of his conduct ? 5. Are not thy own
saanftrcuis and unnumbered iniquities the true caufe Of thy fearful fufferings ? is. For
Vol. 1.

without any juft caufe thou haft taken pledges from thy very brethren, and haft in the
crueleft manner deprived the poor of their" fmall remains of the prefervatives of life.
7. Moft inhumanly thoa haft withheld, from the weary and ftarving, the moft cheap
and common fupports of their life. 8. Eut the man who was high born, wealthy,
and honoured, was thy favourite, and had thy land and eftate at his fervice, and was
fure to carry his caufe at thy tribunal. 9. Thou haft fpoiled widows of their juft
property, and cruelly opprefled, broken, and crufhed, the orphans, depriving them.
of all their fupports and comforts. 10. Therefore entangling troubles and dangers
are every where round about thee ; and fudden fears and terrible judgments affright
thee. 11. Fearful troubles and perplexities fo overwhelm thee, that thou haft nei
ther a comfortable fenfe nor hope of relief left ; and multitudes of afflictions have with '
violence burft forth upon thee. 12. Is not God higher in place and dignity than
the loftieft ftars which thou obferveft? 13, 14. But, like an Atheift, you feem -
to think that God cannot know, or doth not care, what is done upon earth, but
merely amufes himfelf in walking round the heavens. 15. Haft thou not eagerly
followed, rather than prudently obferved, the conduit or fate of thofe companions of
vanity and wickednefs who lived before the flood ; 16. To whofe horrid impieties
Go'd put a ftop, by deftroying them before their time, and carrying them off the earth
by an overflowing deluge ; 17. Who, in the moft infolent manner, wiflicd to have
nothing to do with God, and imagined that nothing* he could do for them could
really profit them ? 18. Yet it was he who granted them their whole profperity.
But God forbid that I fhould ever join in either principles, purpofes, or practices
with fuch abandoned wretches. 19. The righteous (hall with pleafure behold the
deltna&ion of fuch men as a vindication of the honour, hoiinefs, and juftkf, 0f
5 D

Eliphaz advifes Job

J o

glad

and the innocent laugh them to

fcorn. 20 Whereas our " fubftance is not cut
down, but * the remnant of them the
bfire confumeth.
2 1 c Acquaint now thyfelf T with him,
and d be at peace : thereby e good fhall
hee.
22 f Receive, I pray thee, the law from

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
|l Or eflate.
* Or their excellency.
bGen. 19.24. 2 Pet,
2. 6, 7. ch. zo. 26.
& I. 16.
c I Chr. 28. 9. Pf.
46. 10.
t That is, with God,
d Mat. 5.25. ir. 27.5. come unto thee
eMat. 6. 33. 1 Tim. f
4.8.H-.1.19.&-3,
fEzek 3 ,6 Dem ms mouth, and s lay up his words in thine
heart.
% Pf. 119. II. Prov. 1 Al • 1
i'ukV2Mi9;Vi'.9' 23 If thou return to the Almighty,
ch.23.12.' thcm q^ be builf. thou flialt t
hCh.8. S,6. &n. . . . f, r
13.&S.18.&9.13. away iniquity far from thy tabernacles.
J2Ch,,,5.&9. 24 Then j ^At thou lay up gold j_ag
x or on ^ duft. duft, and the gold of Ophir as the ftones
of the brooks.
25 Yea, the Almighty fhall be thy
e, and thou fhalt have ¦' plenty

Before Chrift
cir. 15ZCV
i) Pf. 9. 1— 10. ch.
5- 19—26.
r Jam. 4. 6. I Pet. 5.
5. Luke 14. 11.
s Heb. him that hatb
tfi'tfsff^
t Or The innocent
Jhall deliver the
ifland. Ch.42. &
Gen. 18. 52. Jer.
S-i-Pf-.-fi-jj.
heel:. 22. 30.

26 For then fhalt thou * have

thy
"lift

k6.rrTlmpr4t5'kdefenc Mat 6. 33. Rey. r n
3. is. - or iilver
II Heb. filver of
ftrength.
13^ch.,247.iaE2' delight in the Almighty, and fhalt
mch.11.1s. ,john up thy face unto God. '
np"! J4, se.se 27 Thou " malt make thy Prayer unto
pi-:M:i3f;i4'.9& him, and he fhall hear thee, and thou
cxvi. cxviii. He 56. /"l i. .1
K.IJ.&6I.8.& ihalt pay thy vows.
opr.io.'4.&2i.4. 2^ Thou fhalt alfo ° decree a
jeTzs^'jl'zg5.' and it fhall be eftablifhed unto thee
jvPf. I. 3. Sc 80. 3,
19. Sc 119. 105,

thing, and

the p light fhall fhine upon thy ways.

B. to ferious repentance.
29 q When men are caft down, then
thou fhalt fay, There is lifting up ; and
he r fliall fave s the humble perfon.
30 c He fhall deliver the ifland of the
innocent : and it is delivered by the pure-
nefs of thine hands.
CHAP. XXIII.
Perhaps pleafed with Eliphaz' excellent advices, Job
anfwers more calmly in an addrefs to God, and an
other to his friends. Here, in his addrefs to God, he
( 1 ) Complains of his calamitous condition, and efpe
cially of God's with drawment from him, that he could
not get his caufe heard; 2 — 5: nor difcern the mean
ing of God's dealings with him ; 8, 9 : nor conceive
any hope of relief; 13, 1 4 : which made a grievous
impreffion on his fpirit; 15,16,17. (2) He comforts
himfelf with the views of God's mercy ; 6, 7 : and of
his own integrity before him; IO, n, 12.
THEN Job anfwered and faid,
2 Even to day is my complaint
a bitter : * my ftroke is heavier than my a l™?!'*,^5*
* Heb. hand.
O that I knew where I might "?&'&«¦.!!'£.

3. Pf.77. 1. John
20. 15. Song 1. z.
Sc 3. 1—3.

groaning, 3 \ 
find him ! that I might come even to his
feat !
4 I c would order my caufe before him, '#:,%*&££
and fill my mouth with arguments. 5'3'
5 I d would know the words which he ^It&fi'i?*
would anfwer me, and underftand what.
he would fay unto me.

Reflections upok Chap. XXII. — Nothing can be more ab
furd than to imagine that we can make God our debtor by any
thing which we can do. We have nothing good in us, or done
by us, but what is God's gift. None are too great for God to
humble. And, if he fpare the wicked, it is not for fear of them,
but in patient pity towards them. Even good men, from a pre
tended regard to God, are apt to charge their neighbour with
things which he heartily abhors. But, if God's greatnefs, omni-
fcience, and equity, fhould deter men from crimes, they fhould
alfo deter us from unjuft charging our neighbour with them. He
that condemns the righteous is an abomination to the Lord. How

God ; and fhall deride their folly in taking fuch courfes as iffue therein. 20. While
the eftaces of fuch as are truly pious and virtuous remain unhurt by the providence of
God, thofe, who imitate thefe ancient finners, are confumed by thunder, lightning,
or' fome other fearful judgment. 21. But, fince God hath not entirely confumed
thee, try, without a moment's delay, to get the fpiritual knowledge of God ; accuf-
tom thyfelf to him by repeated fupplications; receive peace from him; and quietly
fubmit to him, by an unfeigned repentance. Thus (hall all manner of bleffings, tem
poral and eternal, come to thee. 22. Receive, and duly meditate on, thc inftruc-
tive revelations which he may be pleafed to afford thee. 23. If by a true faith and
lincere repentance thou turn to the Lord, thou (halt be again advanced to thy former-
honqurs and profperity ; and the puniihment which thy (ins have brought upon thee
ihall be removed far from thee, and whatever belongs to thee. 24. Then flialt thou
lay up gold, and fine gold,, in fuch amazing plenty, and with fuch eafe, as if they
were the moft common things.- 25. For the all-fufficient and almighty God (hall
be thy portion, and-the protestor of thy treafures; and thou (halt have aftonifhing
heaps of (liver. 26. Thou (halt delight thyfelf in the enjoyment of God's love
and" favour; and Ihalt with confidence and comfort prefent thyfelf at his throne of

tremendous are the j udgments of heaven, and happy they who can.-
fafely rejoice amidft them ; or who, in a Chriftian manner, take
warning from them ! Through ignorance of, and enmity againft,
God ; through neglect and contempt of his word; and through
obftinate continuance in fin; men lofe the greateft bleffings, and
incur the greateft evils. But O the delight in God, the bold con
fidence towards him, the intimate fellowlhip with him, the fatif-
fa&ion even in managing outward affairs, the fafety in times of
common calamity, and ufefulnefs towards others,— that knowledge
of and peace with God, fpiritual improvement of God's word, and-
fincere repentance, do produce !

grace, and hope for his eternal felicity. 27. With fweet pleafure (hall he hear thy;
prayers ; and thou (halt pay thy vows of gratitude to him with the warmeft affection.' '
28. Whatever thou haft purpofed (hill be accompliihed; and divine direclion, fuccefs,
and comfort, fhall attend all thy proceedings. 29. When wicked men around thee
are diftreffed or deftroyed, thou (halt confidently expefl honour and felicity; and' God
(hall bring to eminent and extenfive happinefs the perfon who is caft down in his o#n
eyes. 30. Nay, at thy requeft he (hall marvelloufly deliver, not only many inno
cents, but even the guilty, and their country, by means of thy prayers, piety,
and virtue.
Chap. XXIII. Job replied, ' 1. Notwithftanding all your pretended advices
and comforts, I have as much reafon for bitter complaints as ever; and my fuffcvJng's
far exceed my cxprcflions of grief. 3. O that 1 w;re admitted into God's' own
immediate prefence, and allowed to prefent myfelf before his judgment-feat! '4. I
would in an orderly manner fet the juftice of my caufe before him, and fully fuppor't it'
with arguments, vindicating myfelf, and confuting your reproachful allegations.'
5. I would infill for his deciiion whether I be an hypocrite or not ; and that he would

Job fill, but more calmly,

CHAP. XXIII. XXIV. complains of his manifold diflreffes.

d^o? 6 c Will he plead againft me with his
ei£27.4,8.&57- great power ? No ; but he would put
16, ch.rj. 3, 9, 19. n 7 •
&i,. 21.jc.10. itrensth 111 me.
24. Hul. IJ. 3, 4. JO _ .-!•/-
f Heb. 4. 16. & 10. 7 There the righteous might difpute
\:fta\H§:\% with him; fo fhould I be delivered for
ever from my judge.
EiTim!r6&,6.4pf!' 8 Behold, s I go forward, but he /r
&44'.t.Iii.I^.! not there ; and backward, but I cannot
JS- ver. 3. ...
' perceive him :
9 On the left hand, where he doth
work, but I cannot behold him: he hideth
lprHcb.'4:i3&1' himfelf on the right hand, that I cannot
f Heb. the way, that fee kim'.
10 But h he knoweth + the way that

is wit b me.

i Pi". 17. 3. & 66. 10.
\!*&-if£% I take : when he ! hath tried me I fhall
jo. Mal. 3. 3.
k Eph. 5. 1. Pf. iS
21. & 44. 17, 18,
Rev. 2. h.

come forth as srold.

1 1 My k foot hath held his fteps ; his
ih,"1i"-,pr'"9" wav have I kept, and not declined.
1 2 Neither have I gone back from the
havev,d,et commandment of his lips; l + 1 haveefteem-
Pi. 119. 11. sr 7
v or m, a^inied ed the words of his mouth more than
met!!,,,, sc „. " m7 neceflary food.
zl%'.zlsim.Ts: 12 But he is in one mind, and m who
n' can turn him ? and what n his foul defir-

IfT, & 19. 10.
John 4. 34.

}Heb. Ih,
laid up.

;•* eth, even that he doth.

1. 17.
nPf. 115. ;. Dan,
34. 35. Mac. 10.
o imei. 3. 3- Mic. 1 4 For he performeth the thing that is
P Dan. 4. u, 35. u appointed for me : and p many fuch things
pf;"5'3; are with him.
qHab. 3. i<5. ch. 31. ^^ .
w.i!'«?7!"'& J5 Therefore11 am I troubled at his

Reflections upon Chap. XXIII. — Our groanings fliould
never be heavier than our ftrokes. God allows us to complain of
our troubles, but never to murmur at them. It is becoming for
faints to be earneftly defirous of clofe dealing with God ; and to
be particular and importunate in their requefts at his throne of
grace. However men abufe us, God will not only deal in
equity, but even in great mercy, with his people. And it is proper
always'to keep up kind and exalted thoughts of him. They who
fly to h^im in diftrefs fhall find their fpiritual ftrength increafed by
every application ; and, if-he acquit us, we need neither fear nor
care who condemn us. But O what dark and perplexing nights
of defertion and perplexity are God's choiceft faints often afHicSed

prefence : when I confider, I am afraid Itfi^
of him. 7
16 For God r maketh my heart foft, r£:»;#£t£
and the Almighty troubleth me :
17 Becaufe I was not cut ofF-s before sir- 57.1-
the darknefs, neither hath he covered the -
' darknefs from my face. tC7h:&\l\lu'il.''

CHAP.

XXIV.

Having vented his griefs to his God, Job here defends
his character and fenttment againft his friends. Af
ter hinting that the inftances of God's ordinarily
punifiiing the. wicked in this Ufe are not difiernible
to his favourites, he Jhews, ( r ) That thofe who
moft openly injure^, opprefs, and enflave, the poor,
are not punifhed, nor the poor redreffed, in this life;
2 — 12, 21, 22. (2) That many, whp are fecret
praclifers of mifchief, murder, adultery, and theft,
go both undfeovered and unpunijlned in this life ;
13 — if. (3) That, even when God punijhes fin
ners with fecret judgments in this life, he referves
the more vifible ones till death and eternity ; 1 8,
19, 20, 23, 24, 25.
HY, feeing a times are not hidden »Aasi.6,7.pr.3r.
from the Almighty, do b they that bpr. ,6,10. Amos,.
know him not fee his days?, if.2.12?7'41"43'
2 Some * remove the land marks ; they cD,7np^9;.£t££
violently take away flocks, and * feed ^ ,oHor-s-10-
jr. * Or feed them.
thereof. 2 They d drive away the afs of the a De«t. z>,. &-u.
fatherlefs ; they take the widow's ox for ^;^•^od•"•
a pledge.

with ! Happy are thofe who, amidft all, cleave to his command
ments, walk uprightly in his way, and feed daily by faith on his
word ! Their trials fhall iffue to their lafting honour and advantage.
Eut it is fad when the immutability of God's counfels, and thc
exacl: execution of them, the irrefiftiblenefs of his power, and or
dinary methods of providence, difquiet inftead of compofing our
minds. Let him do what he will, he cannot but do right.
However terrible he is in himfelf, in Chrift he is infinitely engage-
ing. Let us therefore always acquiefce in his works, and delight
in himfelf. There is no reafon rafhly to wifh for death, when
God can fo quickly render life a comfort to us and a fervice to hi*
church.

(hew me plainly why he hath fo afflicled me. 6. Would he employ his infinite
power and majefty to bear me down ? No; but would mercifully ftrengthen and en
courage me to plead with him. And, fuppofe he fhould plead againft me in the mul
titude of his ftrength, he certainly would lay no falfe charge againft me, nor make
any hoftile attack upon me. 7. For at his throne of grace a righteous perfon, fuch
as 1 am, may argue the matter with him ; and by this means I fhould fully and for
ever efcape condemnation, being acquitted by him as my Judge. 8, 9. I have
tried all methods to obtain a fair hearing for my caufe before him, but have not hi
therto been able to procure it. 10. But he knows the integrity of my heart and
life ; and whenever I am tried at his bar I fhall come off fufficiently vindicated ; and
it is to render me more holy and pure that he tries me in this furnace of affliclion.
II. 4 have always, in the moft fixed and fteady manner, followed his pattern and
guidance. I have ftedfaftly obferved his commandments, without ever fwerving from
them. 12. I have never ap0ft.at.i2ed from his dodtrines nor precepts ; and have more
earneftly fought, more highly prized, more heartily delighted in, and more carefully
ftored up, his words of revelation than my neceffary food, or moft valuable and pre
vious things. 13. But his purpofes are unchangeable, and he immoveably pcrfiils

in afflicling me, and does whatever he pleafes, without giving to any a reafon for hjs
conduft. 14. Whatever trouble he has intended for me he will inflicl : and in hiss
purpofes and providential conducl there are many inftances of high fovereignty, of
which, though both wife and juft, we cannot fee the reafon. 15. In confideration
of his infinite majefty, and fovereign and irrefiftible power, I am troubled at the
tokens of his anger; and, when I leifurely confider his hard dealings with me, I am.
afraid of him. j6. For, in his infinite power, he hath quite broken and melted
my. heart with* fiery tribulations; and I am in perpetual terror of his infliclirig
ftill heavier ftrokes. 17. For he keeps me ftill alive under thefe terrible trou
bles and perplexities, and refufes me the favour of dying by his fearful and confound
ing ftrokes.
Chap. XXIV. But if God always punifhes the wicked in this world, as you pre
tend, why are not particular feafons of it fixed by him ? and why do not thofe who*
are beft acquainted with hirh obferve thofe days of vengeance on his enemies?
2. Certain it is that in this world fome are notorioufly covetous and unjuft, and even
open robbers. 3. They cruelly opprefs widows and fatherlefs children. 4. 'r/hr
5D 2

Job fhew s that many very wicked

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
e Ver. 14. If. 10. 2.
PI. IC9. 16. Ezek.
18. 12. & 22. 29.
Prov. 30.14. SczS.
28. Airi'js 8. 4, 6.
f Ch. II. 12. Jer. 2.
24. Hof. 8. 9.
g Prov. 4. 16. Zeph.
3. 7. Rom. 3. 15.
ver. 14.
f Heb. mingled corn,

X Heb. lie wicked
gather the vintage.

hCJi. 22. 6. Gen. 31,
40. rer. 1..

I Song 5. 2. Lam. 4.
5. Heb. 11.38.

k 2 Kin. 4. 1. Excel.
22. 26, 27. ch. 22. 6.

1 Ch. 22. 6. ver. 7.
1 John 3. 17, Jam.
2. 15. 16. & 5. 4.
Deut. 25.4. & 23.
2;. Jer. 22. 13.
with Deut. 24, 19.
Luke IS. 1. '

m PI. 12. ;. Exod. 2.
2J- & 3- 7. Eccl.
3. 16.

n Pf. ;o.2I. Eccl, 8.
II, Mal. 2. 17.
o John' 3. 20. Tit. 1.
j6. Rom. I. 32. Sc
2. 1-^. St 3. 10—
»8.

pPf. 10. 8. Mic. 2. 1.
Prov. 4. 16. Eph.
5.7,11. Rom.3. 15.

9- .
2 Pet.

OV. 7. Q^
17. Pr: 10. n.
14.

I Heb. fitteth his
farcin fecret. Gen.
38. 14, 15. j Kin.
J4. 2 &20. 38. &
zz. 30.

4 They e turn the rfeedy out of the
way; the poor of the earth hide themfelves
together. 5 Behold, as f wild affes in the defert,
go they forth to their work, rifing g be
times for a prey : the wildernefs yieldeth
food for them and for their children.
6 They reap every one his T corn in the
field; and + they gather the vintage of
the wicked.
7 They h caufe the naked to lodge with
out clothing, that they have no covering
in the cold.
8 They are ' wet with the fhowers of
the mountains, and embrace the rock for
want of a fhelter. *
9 They k pluck the fatherlefs from the
breaft, and take a pledge of the poor.
10 They 'caufe him to go naked with
out clothing, and they take away the
fheaf from the hungry;
1 1 Which make oil within their walls,
andtread ^/rwinepreffes, and fuffer thirft.
1 2 m Men groan from out of the city,
and the foul of the wounded cfieth out :
yet God n layeth not folly to them.
1 2 They are of thofe that ° rebel againft
the light ; they know not the ways
thereof, nor abide in the paths thereof.
14 f The murderer, rifing with the
light, killeth the poor and needy, and in
the night is as a thief.
1 5 i The eye alfo of the adulterer wait-
eth for the twilight, faying, No eye fhall
fee me : and r difguifeth his face.

Reflections upon Chap. XXIV.- — God fixes his time and
manner of punifhing finners as he pleafes : and none can know
either love or hatred by all that is before him in his outward lot.
While the faints and poor, who are the fpecial charge of God, are
remarkably afflicted, the moft daring finners are often remarkably
profperous in this world. But the Lord has not forfaken the earth :
he takes notice of every injury done to his children. And, however
long his patience may bear with the prefumptuous infults of finners

harafs, terrify, or even imprifon, the meek, poor, and afHicled. 5. In the moft
¦unconcerned manner they carry on their opprefiionS ; and by rapine and violence main
tain themfelves arid families in the defert. 6. They reap fields and gather vin.
tages not their own. 7, 8. They force from the poor whatever they have, till
-they reduce them to abfolute mifery, in a ftate fimilar to that of wild beafts.
9—11. While they inhumanly deprive infants of their provifion that the enflaved
mothers may work, and deprive their poor underlings of the meaneft neceffaries of
¦life, they force them to labour in the hardeft fervices. 12. Thofe, whom they
have oppreffed, wounded, or unjuftly condemned, mightily cry to God for vengeance
againft them ; yet he punifhes them not, even in the (lighted manner. 13. They
fin impudently in the face of the fun, and againft the light of nature, confeience, and
revelation : they do not approve, delight in, or obferve, God's laws ; and, if at any

Before Chrifl
cir. 1520.
s Exod. 22. 2. Mat.

x If. 23. ,0. pr.-7,
18—20. Dsm. zS.
16—19. Prov. 3.
33-
Y K !7. ,6. Sc k}.
16. *
II Heb. violently tale.
2 Ch. 17. 14. Sc 21.
23. Pf. 58. 8. Sc
68.2. fern. ,4,&
73-4.

O B. men profper in this, world.
1 6 s In the dark, they dig through
houfes, which they had marked for them
felves in the day time : they c know not ^^'^'f'3''*"
.... J J I Jer. 8,7. John 3. 20.
the light.
17 For the morning is to them even u as u°e»-i8'** *
the fhadow of death : if one know them,
they are in the terrors of the fhadow of
death. 18 He is x fwift as the waters ; their
portion is curfed in the earth : he ' * be
ll oldeth not the way of the vineyards.
19 Drought and heat H confume the
fnow waters : fo z doth the grave thofe
which have finned.
20 The womb fhall forget him ; the
worm a fhall feed fweetly on him ; he
b fhall be no more remembered; and
wickednefs fhall c be broken as a tree.
2 1 d He evil entreateth the barren that
beareth not ; and doth c not good to the
widow. 22 He fdraweth alfo the mighty with
his power : he rifeth up, * and no man
is fure of life.
23 Though e it be given him to be in
fafety, whereon he refteth, yet h his eyes
are upon their ways.
24 They are * exalted for a little while,
but + are gone and brought low ; they are
+ taken out of the way as all other, and
k cut off as the tops of the ears of
corn.

25 And, ' if it be not fo now, who will
make me a liar, and make my fpeech
nothing worth ?

a Pf. 49. 14. ch. 19.
26. 8c 21. 23.
b Eccl. 8. 10.
e If. 37- 35, 36- Sc
104. 35. ch. 18. 16,
17. Prov. 10. 7.
d 1 Sam. 1. 6, 7.
Chad. 12.
e Ver. 3. ch. 19. 13.
f Efth. 3.8. Rev. 16.
14. Sc ij. z, 3.
Prov. 4. 16. &
28. 28. Pf. 10. a.
Deut. 28. 65.
* Or he trufleth n»J
his own life.
g Pf. 73. 3. Jer. 12. .
1—3. Gen. 6. 3.
h God's. Heb. 4. ij,
Amos 9. 8. & 8. 7.
Pf. fo. 13, 14.
i Ch. 20. j. Pf. 37.
35,jS.&73-3-
20. Sc 37. 1 —
10. & 39. 5. Eccl.
9.1,2. 1 Thef. 5.3.
t Heb, are not.
X Heb. chfed up.
k Pf. 55. 23. Luke
12.20.
1 Ch. 9. 24.

to his character and government, he will refent their wickednefs at
laft. Even when they are moft fecure they are leaft fafe. Though
their fuccefs promife them impunity a while, and though their crimes
Ihould be concealed on earth, they will be openly difcovered at
laft, and punifhed for ever. Amidft the perpetration of crimes,
terror often feizes them ; but how much more in fharing the
certain, the fearful, the eternal, punifhment of them J

time they ftumble on a good aclion, they quickly give it over, however eafy and
reafonable. 14 — 17. Hating the light, robbers and unclean perfons, in defiance of
an all-feeing God, earneftly carry on their murder and whoredom in the night feafon.
18. Lighter than froth, they rufh on every opportunity of uncleannefs or bloodihed;
their inheritance is fpent in the moft accurfed manner; and they quite difregard the
management of the vineyards, or other moft profitable bufinefs. 19. After all,
the grave, in a quick and eafy manner, confumes thefe notorious finners. . 2C. Their
very mothers eafily forget their death, it is apparently fo pleafant. Rottennefs (hall
be fweet to them. They do not become infamous in the world, but their crimes are
quickly and altogether forgotten. 21, 22. They abufe barren women, injure
widows, and with great aclivity, craft, and cruelty, opprefs every body around.
23. And, though men givethem prefents, that they may have their protecliorj and

Man unjufifiable before God.

CHAP. XXV. XXVI. The excellencies of God in his works.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

a Dan. 4. 34. Mat.
28. iS. Jer. 10. 7.
Rev. 6. 16. ch.22. 4.
b Eph. 1, 10. Col. 1,

cDan.7. 10. Rev, 5,
II, 13. Gen. 2. 1.
&32. 1,2. Pf.68.
17. Joel 2. II.
Judg. 5. 20.
dMat. 5.45. John 1.
4, 9. Jam. 1. 17.

e Ch. 4. 12 — 19. Sc
ia* 14 — 16. Sc 14.
4TPf. 130. 3. &
143. 2. & 51, 5.
f Oh. 15. 15. & 4. 17
—19. If. 24. 23,

gCh.4. 19.&15.16.
pr. 22. 6. if. 41.

CHAP. XXV.
Unable to confute the proofs wbich Job had advanced,
Bildad, as one fick of the difpute, drops it, and only
fuggefts that God was infinitely too high for Job to
make fuch bold appeals to him ; [chap, xxiii.] (1) He
reprefents God as the fovereign Lord of all creatures ;
adored and fubmitted to by all the heavenly hofts ;
and that his power is irrefiftible, and his provielence
extends to all; 2, 3, 5. (2) He reprefents man as
exceeding mean and impure before God; 4, 6.
THEN anfwered Bildad the Shuhite,
and faid,
2 a Dominion and fear are with him ;
he b maketh peace in his high places.
3 Is there any c number of his armies ?
and d upon whom doth not his light
arife ?
4 eHow then can man be juftified with
God ? or how can he be clean that is born
of a woman ?
5 Behold feven to the moon, and it
fhineth not ; yea, the ftars are not pure

in his fight.
' 6 How s much lefs man that is
worm ; and the fon of man which is
worm ?

CHAP. XXVI.
In anfwer to Bildad, Job (1) Ridicules his fpeech as
nothing to the prefeht purpofe, however true it might
be in itfelf; 1—4. (2) To fhew Bildad how need
lefs it was to inftrucl him in J'uch things, he defeants
more largely on God's power and wifdom, as mani-

Bcfore Chrift
cir. 1520.

ffted on earth, in the fea, in hell, and in heaven ;
5 — 13. (3) Suggefts that it was but very little any -
of mankind knew or could fpeak concerning the excel
lencies of God; 14.
UT Job anfwered and faid,
2 How haft thou a helped him that ^^"tf
is without power ? how faveft thou the
arm that hath no ftrength ?
2 How haft bthou counfelled him that hz^fsflb.zfl'
hath no wifdom ?
plentifully declared the thing as it is ?
4 d To whom haft thou uttered words ? "£ £*«¦*»"•
and whofe fpirit came from thee ?

4. ci ib. 2, 3.
and c how haft thou c fl^fS^s]: —si-

5 * Dead things are formed from un- e l:£\i°f!ff
waters, f and the inhabitants fn'ATf''t'll'
' tOrvjith •'•- inhibit'
ants. Fj. 1:4. 25*
Prov. iy. 10. Pf.
159. 8. Heb. 4. ^.
John 21. 17.

der the
thereof. 6 s Hell is naked before him, and g yjjTsjri
deftrudlion hath no covering,
7 He hftretcheth out the north over "g&'if-14-"'
the empty place, and hangeth the earth
upon nothing.

8 He ' bindeth up the waters in
ick clouds,
under them.

k k,c i Prov. 3,01 4. Jer. sa.
Illb 13. ch. 36.27— 29.
thick clouds, andthe cloud is not rent 3_s.J37-"'
kPf. 18. 11. & 97. 2.
Deut. 33. 26. If.
9 He ' holdeth back the face of his ,1^.',. „.„.„.
throne, and fpreadeth his cloud upon it. &97'2,
1 o He rahath compafled the waters with "Vv' & ™"fi '
bounds T until the day and night come to 5,2Z-
j f Heb. until the end of
an end. 1^ wm darknefs.
1 1 The n pillars of heaven tremble and "
are aftonifhed at his reproof.

2 Sam. 22. 8. Pf.
68. S. Sc 114.4,6,
7. 2Pct. 3. 10. Pi.
104. 7.

Reflections upon Chap. XXV. — After long and hot dis
puting, people often come to fee that there was lefs difference, be
tween them than they thought. Job's friends were obliged to ac
knowledge that wicked perfons might profper for a time, and Job
owned 'that they would be deftroyed at laft. It were a great mercy
for religious difputants to have their hearts always filled with awful
thoughts of God and hu'mble thoughts of themfelves. But how

lfinite

the

condefcenfion of God to held fellowfhip with
men, fo mean, fo loathfome ! Let me never forget how Jeho
vah alTumed my nature, and in it for me became a worm and no
man ; a reproach of men, and defpifed of the*people ! What man
ner of love hath the Father beftowed on us in thus fending forth
his own Son in the likenefs of finful flefh, that we finful worms
might, through his blood, become the fon's of God 1

friendlhip, they ftill watch for opportunities to injure thefe dependants. 24. After
being exalted a while, they come to their graves, as feafonably, in appearance, and
as eafily, as their neighbours. 25. But, if you will infift that the wicked are
always fearfully punifhed in this life, I dare challenge the whole world to find me
the perfon who can difprove the fafts which I have now ftated.
N. B. Ver. 18 — 20, 23, 24, may be interpreted as a reprefentation ofthe miferable
ftate of wicked men after all tfceir profperity.
Chap. XXV. Bildad replied, 2. To God belongs that fupreme authority over
'¦ all things in heaven and earth, and that infinite majefty which ftrikes every beholder
into folemn awe. In perfeel quietnefs and order he rules ail the luminaries inthe
firmament, and all the angels and glorified faints above. Why then dareft thou pre
tend to firid fault with him? 3. His creatures are abfolutely innumerable to us,
and every one (hares ef his light, his benefits of nature or grace ; — why then contend
with him ? 4. And how then can a poor wretched man ftand as righteous before
God; and he that is born of a finful woman be pure before him? 5. In his vi?vv
the bright luminaries of heaven are fpotted and dark. 6. How mean and vile then
muft the frail and dying children of a corrupted progenitor and covenant-head he in
his fight !
Chap. XXVI. To this Jcb, in a derifive manner, anfwered, 2, 3. To what

purpofe ferve thefe hinfs, either to fupport the caufe of the Almighty, or to diredt
him in his governmefft: of the world, or to comfort a difpirited, and inftruft an igno
rant, foul ? Who can be a whit bettered by aught you have fo confidently uttered,

that is quite foreign to the point in hand ?

4. Do you imagine that I need to be

inftrufted in thefe points? or that you, as one infpired of God, can by fuch hints
revive and refrefh my fpirit? 5. I myfelf can difcourfe to far hetter purpofe con
cerning God. Whi'c terrible monfters, minerals, pearl, coral, and the like, are
formed in the bottom of the fea, or heart of the earth, and fifties and animals on thc
furface of it, the departed ghofts tremble, a:id travail in pain, in the deep and dark
regions of mifery. 6. The whole ftate of the dead, whether of foul or body, is
perfectly obvious to God's all-feeing eye ; and all the depths and miferies of hell arer
perpetually vifible to him. 7. He fpreads the heavens over the apparently-empty
regions of air ; and fo balances the earth by his power, that it hangs like a ball in
the air, fupported by nothing. 8. He binds up large collections. of water in the
clouds (by which he covers his glory, and on which he rides in majefty) as in firm
bags, till he pleafe to make thein diftil in dew, rain, fnow, or hail. 9. He con
ceals his own glorious abodes; he1 firmly fixes the vifible heavens, and fpreads his
vailing collection of clouds over them, to conceal his glory and reftrain the fcorchinj
beams of the fun. 10. Every where, while the revolutions of day and n'ght con
tinue, he has fixed the (acres and boundaries of the fea, that, rage as it vnl!, it can
not exceed them, 1 1, The lofty mountains, which feem the fuoporur.i pilian

Job reprefents the uncertainty of

O B.

the wicked's prefent profperity.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
o If. ji. 15. Jer. 31.
35. Pf. 29. 10. &
9;. 3,4. If. 63. u
— ij. Jer. ji. 35.
P . be. 7.
p Heb. pride, or Ra-.
hab. If. 51. 8. Pf.
89,9,10. OC74. 13
—15-
qGen. 1.2. Pf. 33.6.
Sc 104. 30.
rir. 27. 1. pr. 74. 13,
14.
s 1 Cor. 13. g — 12.
ch. 11.7. John 16.
ii.. I Cor. 2. 9. ch.
40. 9. Pf. 29. 3—9.

12 He "divideth the fea with his power,
and by his underftanding he fmiteth
through p the proud.

13 By q his fpirit he hath

garnifhed

the

* Heb. added te tale
sep.
a Num. 23.7. Sc 24.
3, 15. Pf. 49. j. &
7S. z. Prov. 26. 7.
b 1 Sam. 25. 34.
2 Sam. :. 27. Rev.
JO. 6. Jer. 4. 2.
elf. 40. 27. ch. 34. 5.
d Heb. made my foul
'Utter. Ruth 1.20,
21. 2 Kin. 4. 27.
Tt. 88. 16.
e That is, the breath
zchich God gave him.
Gen.. 2. 7. If. 2.22.
fPf. 39. I.&141. 3.
& 17. 3. Zeph. 3.
13. Jam. 3. 2.

the heavens ; his hand hath formed
crooked ferpent.
1 4 Lo, thefe are part of his ways ; but
s how little a portion is heard of him !
but the thunder of his power who can
underftand J
CHAP. XXVII.
'Convinced of their miftake, or defpairing of fuccefs, in
.perfuading Job that he was an Joypocrite, his three
friends give up the difpute. He therefore proceeds
in a long fpeech. Here, ( I ) In a folemn appeal to
God, he protefts his own integrity, and his refolu-
¦tion to hold it faft while he lived; I — 6. (2) He
expreffes his dread of that hypocrify with which they
charged him; 7 — IO. (3) He maintains, that,
^though wicked men may profper for a time in their
family, eftate, or perfon, yet the curfe of God, which
blafts their glory, conftantly attends them in all things,
and will at laft render them miferable in death or
after it; 11 — 23.
MOREOVER, Job * a continued his
parable, and faid,
2 As b God liveth, who c hath taken
away my judgment ; and the Almighty,
who hath d vexed my foul ;
2 All the while my breath is in me,
and e the Spirit of God is in my noftrils ;
4 My f lips fhall not fpeak wicked
nefs, nor my tongue utter deceit.

- 5 God forbid that I fliould s juftify
you : till I die I h will not remove my in
tegrity from me.
6 My i righteoufnefs I hold faft, and
will not let it go : my k heart fhall not
reproach me ^ fo long as I live.
7 ' Let mine enemy be as the wicked,
and he that rifeth up againft me as the
unrighteous. 8 m For what is the hope of the hypo
crite, though he hath gained; when God
taketh away his foul ?
9 n Will God hear his cry when trouble
cometh upon him ?
10 ° Will he delight himfelf in^the
Almighty? will he always call upon
God? ni will p teach you + by the hand of
God ; that which is with the Almighty
will I not conceal.
12 Behold, all ye yourfelves ^ have
feen it, why then are ye thus ' altogether
vain ?
13 'This is the portion of a wicked
man with God, . and the heritage of op
prefibrs, which they fhall receive of the
Almighty. 14 ' If his children be multiplied, it is
for the fword ; and his offspring fhall not
be fatisfied with bread.
15 " Thofe that remain of him fhall be

Before Chiift
cir. ij-.n.
g Deut. 25. 1. Prev.
17. 15.
hCh. 2.9. Scsi.sc.
2 Cor. 1. 12,
i Ch. 2. 3. Pf, ,8. 2,
-23.
k Aits 24. 16. 2 Cor.
1. 12. I John 3. 2s.
t Heb. from my days.
I I Sam. 25. 26.
2 Sam. 18, 32.
Dan. 4. 19. ch. 42.
7. If. 55. 7.
ill Ch. 13. ij, 16.
Mat. 16. 26. Luke
12. 20. If. 33, ,4.
ch. 8.14. Sc 11.20.
n Prov. j. 28. Sc £8.
9. If. 1 15. Ezek.
8. 18. Mic. 3. 4.
John 9, j 1. pf. 18.-
41. & 109.7. &66.
18. Jam. 4, 3. ch.
35- 12, 13.
0 Pf. 37-4- Sc 78.34.
If. 58. z.

pCh.4.3,4.&6.lo. Acts 2C. 20, 27.
X Or being in the
hand, Sec.

q Eccl. 8. 14. Sc n.,.
J— V
r Ch, iv. v. viii.xi.
xv. xviii. xx. xxii.
xxv.
s Ch. 20. 29. Sc 3T..
3. PI. II. 5,6. If.
3.11. Rom. 2. 8,9,

t Deut. 28. 32. Efth.
9.10. Hoi. 9, 13.
Pf.109. ic — 12. If,
14- 2G — 22.

u I Kill. 14 10. & 16.
3 SC 21. 2T. Pt.
109. 9—16. & 78.
64. Jer. 22. 18, 30.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVI. — Sometimes felf- conceited
•perfons may be ridiculed out of their notions when reafoning is
not efFeftual : and in difputes much is ordinarily faid that is not to
the prefent purpofe ; and not the edification of their neighbour,
.but vidtory over him, is the great aim of the difputants.' Little
is it remembered that not the difplays of God's highnefs, but of his
grace in Chrift, can give eafe to a wounded fpirit. But it is happy
when difputes end in men's glorifying God with one mind and one

mouth. The perfections of the Deity are plainly marked in all
his works of nature and grace; and all -things muft be well done
where God himfelf is the fole or principal agent. Let me there
fore in all behold his hand, his face. If he conceal the glories of
his throne from this lower world, let me walk by faith, not by
fight. If he has garnifhed the heavens, let me fet my affections
on things above, and not on things ofthe earth. If his perfections
are unfearchable, let me always admire and adore him.

of heaven, tremble and (hake when he correds men by earthquakes, thunders, or
ternpefts. 12. By his power he tofles the fea into a terrible fury, and as it were
divides it into ridges and muuntainous billows; arid, by his wife government, he
again calms it at pleafure, and mortally wounds the crocodiles, and other proud
monfters which inhabit it. 1 3. By the influence of his holySpirit he at firft adorned
the heavens by his power-, he f jrmed the milky way, and all their winding conftella-
tions. By his wind he clears up the (ky; and his almighty power ftrikes profrrate the
moft direful and deftruclive monfters of fea or land. 14. Nay, behold, thefe are but
the outlines, and a very fmall parcel of his works. It is but very little that we either
hear or know concerning him ; but the thunder-like declarations of his prevailing, his
infinite excellency, who can comprehend ?
Chap. XXVII. None offering to fpeak, Jib continued his fubftantial, but dark
and myfterious, difcourfe, faying, 2. I proteft by the Almighty God, who refufes
me an opportunity of clearing myfelf before him, and who has tormented me with all
thefe fearful ftrokes of his vengeance, 3, 4. That, while I live, I will never utter
an untruth, either to vindicate myfelf where I am guilty, or to condemn myfelf where
I am innocent. 5, 6. Gcd fjrbid that ever I ihould juftify your opinions and cen

fures, deny my own fincerity, and confefs myfelf to be an hypocrite! 7. It is
mine enemies and oppofers whom God will condemn and punifh as wicked. And
indeed I could wifh nothing worfe to my greateft enemy and injurer than to be
wicked  So much I deteft it. 8. For what avails the firmeft hopes_of an hypo
crite in all his covetoufly-gained profperity, or even inward tranquillity of foul, when
he comes to die ? 9. WiU God always hear his prayers in the time of trouble and
death? 10. Or will he find comfort in God when the world affords none? or will
he in profperity as well as in adverfity continue in the earneft Worfhip and fervice of
God ? 11. Attend therefore while, by God's affiftance, I candidly inform you of
fome ofthe myfteries of his almighty providence. 12. Certain it is that every one
of you know from experience the truth of what I am to fay. Why then Ihould you
thus abfurdly attempt to prove the contrary? 13. Far be it from me to imagine
that God bves hypocrites-and oppreffors. No; though for a time they profper, _the
Almighty has referved treafures of vengeance for them and their pofterity, as the juft
reward of their wickednefs'. 14. Their numerous and once-flourifhing families
are condemned to deftruaion by the fword of juftice or war, or to be ftarved by fa
mine. 15. Such as efcape the fword and famine (hall bt cut oft" by thc noifome
peftilence. And, none adventuring to bury them, they Cull lie unburied, or be in-

The inferable end of the wicked.

CHAP. XXVIII. The difficulty of finding precious gems.

Before Chrift
cir. 1 520.

x Hab. 2. 6. Luke
12. 18, 19. 1 Kin.
jo. 21, 25, 17. Pf.
39. 6. ch. 22. 24,
25. Zech. 9. 3.
y Prov. 13. 22. &
28, 8. Eccl. z. 26.
Exod. 12. 35.
Z Ch. 8. 13—15- If
51. 8. Mat. 7. 26,

a If. I. 8. Sc 38. 12.
Lam. 2. 6-
b Ch. 30. 23. Eccl.
12.7.
cN11m.20.26.2Kin. 23. 2o. Jer. S. z.
Pf. 49. 15, 16.
I Tim. 6. 7.
i Pf. 58. 9. &"73. 18
.—20. Sc 37. 36.
eCh. 18. II. IX. 33.
14. Amos 5. 24.
Pf. 42- 7-
f PC IJ. 5, 6- Luke
ff --I2. 2D. Exod. 12.
29. 2 Kin. 19. 35.
Dan. 5. 30. ch. 34. '
20.
gHof. 13.15. Pf. 90.
7. & 103. 16.
h Exod. 9. 14. Deut.
32. 23.
II Heb. in fleeing he
would flee.
2 Exod. 14. 25. Judg,
4. 17. Amos 2. 14.
Je Ezek. 25. 6. Lam.
2. 15. Rev. 18. 2a.
Nah. 3. 19. 1 Kin.
9, 8. Mic. 6. J6.

buried in death ; and his widow fhall not
weep. -
16 Though he x heap up filver as the
duff., and prepare raiment as the clay; ¦
1 7 He may prepare it, but ? the juft
fhall put it on, and the innocent fhall
divide the filver.
18 He buildeth his houfe * as a moth,
and aas a booth that the keeper maketh.
19 The rich man fhall b lie down, but
he fhall not be t gathered : he d openeth
his eyes, and he is not.
20 e Terrors take hold on him as
waters ; f a tempefl ftealeth him away in
the night.
2 1 E The eaft wind carrieth him away,
and he departeth ; and as a ftorm hurleth
him out of his place.
22 For God fhall h caft upon him, and
not fpare : " he would ' fain flee out of
his hand.
23 Men fhall kclap their hands at him,
and fhall hifs him out of his place.
CHAP. XXVIII.
To Jhew that it is no wonder we cannot comprehend
every difpenfation of providence relative to the pro
fperity or punifhment of men, Job here obferves ( I )
Concerning worldly riches, what pains men have to
take, what contrivances to frame, and what ha
zards- to run, for them; 1 — II. (2) Concerning.true
wifdom, that its value is far beyond all riches of this

Reflections upon Chap. XXVII. — Appeals to God' ought
to be neceffary, deliberate, ferious, and in matters of importance.
Prevarication or Concealment is as much perjury before God as
direft falfehood afferted. But how often our high praifes of G°d
are mingled with fomething unkindly and difparaging ! Not our
moft folemn vows, but Jefus' blood and Spirit, muft chiefly main
tain our purity of confeience and integrity of life. And, while he
enables us to exercife a confeience void of offence towards God
and men, we ought never to believe either devils or men fuggeft-
ing that we are hypocrites. But it is beft to refute the calumnies
caft upon us by living well. Miferable indeed are hypocrites,

terred in an ignominious manner; and their widows (hall either want affection, or
not be in life, to bewail their unhappy end. 16, 17. Though thefe wicked men
ihould treafure up ever fo much wealth or coftly apparel, they fhall only have the
labour of procuring it; for God fliall deftroy them, and beftow their wealth upon fuch
as will do more goo4 with it. 18. They may build their houfes as ftrong as they
pleafe, and fettle their, eftates in the fureft forms; but God will quickly (hake them
out of all, or render them ufelefs to them. jo. In the twinkling of an eye death
fhall overtake thefe r:ch finners, and carry them oft', as wretchedly poor, into the
eternal ftate; and even perhaps Without an honourable burial or monument on earth.
SC. Manifold terrors feize upon them; and fome furprifing calamity often hurries
them unexpectedly into the other world, where the terrors of God (hall overwhelm
th;m as the waters did the old world; and in that eternal night (hall the fweeping
tempeft of infinite wrath unexpecledly feize on and ruin them. 21. Some violent
and' peftilential affliftion, fome raging' and burning ftorm of God's juft vengeance,
hurls them out of their wonted felicity, refidence, and life, and deprives them of all
the good which, they expected.. 22, 23. While God purfues them with manifold
forms of unmixed and unavoidable vengeance, men, who .ue" thereby delivered

world; 12 — 19: and its refidence more fecret ; 13,
14, 20, 21, 22. (3) That there are fecret myfte-
ries, which God hath referved to himfelf alone ; 23
-—27 : and a wifidom relative to right knowledge and
praclice, revealed to men for their ftudy and advan
tage; 28.
SURELY there is a a vein for the filver,
and a place for gold, where b they
fine it. ,
2 Iron is taken out ofthe c earth, and
brafs is molten out ofthe ftone.
2 He fetteth an end to darknefs, and
a fearcheth out all perfection ; the ftones
of darknefs and the fhadow of death.
4c The flood breaketh out from the
inhabitant ; even the waters c forgotten of
the foot : they are dried up, they are gone
away from men.
5 As for the earth, f out of it cometh
bread ; and under it is turned up as it
were E fire.
6 The ftones of it are the place of
h fapphires ; and it hath * duft of gold.
7 lThereis a path which no fowl know
eth, and which the vulture's eye hath not
feen :
8 The lion's whelps have not trodden
it, nor the fierce lion paffed by it.
9 He putteth forth his hand upon the
krock ; he overturneth the mountains by
the roots.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

a Or a mine. Gen.
2. 11, 12,
b Prov. 27. 21. Sc
17.3.

c Or dufl. Gen. 4. 22.
Deut.8.g.&33>25.

d Eccl. 1. 13. 1 Kin.
4- 33-

e Pf- 137- 5-

fPf. 104. 14, 15. If.
28. 28. John 12. 24.

g Ezek. 28. 14.

h Ver. 16. Exod, 24.
10. &28.1S. Song
5. 14. II. 54. 11.
Lam. 4. jr. '
* Or gold ore.
i Comp. If. 35. 8,9.
Rom. 3. 17. Mar.
11.25. 1 Cor. 2. 14.

k Or pint. Comp.
Song 2. 8. If. 49.
11. Zech. 4.7. If.
64. I, 2.

whofe hopes will never be crowned with enjoyment, their prayers
never accepted hor gracioufly anfwered, and whofe religion is nei
ther comfortable nor conftant ! And yet, alas ! how many fuch,
amidft a glare of profeffion, continue with hearts unrenewed!
Miferable is the condition of the wicked, even at it's beft, in this
life ; and what then muft it be in hell ? When once dead, their
riches ftrangely vanifh, and even fall into the hands of the godly,
whom they hated : nor is any habitation fecure and lafting but that
which is not made with hands, eternal in the heavens. And in
the moft alarming forms of death God often ufhers wicked men into
eternal fire \

from their oppreffions, (hall deride them, rejoice at their fall, and deteft their
memory'. Chap. XXVIII. No wonder that I cannot tell you the reafons why God pu
nifhes fome wicked men in this world and not ajl, when, after all our refearches, we
have fo fcanty a knowledge of natural things.  There are fecret mines for the-
filver, and a country for gold, which men melt and refine, 2. And iron is, with
art and labour, dragged from the duft, and ftonei are melted into brafs ; 3. The ¦
miners, in the moft earneft and daring manner, dig till they have quite loft the light
of day, and bring their ore from the dark caverns of the earth, where peftilential '
damps and other dangers often prove mortal. 4. While, with infinite labour, they
drain off the fprings that difturb them, they break into veins of metal about the bot
tom of nuountains \ and, unheeded by the men who wa'.k above them, they wander
in the dark bowels ofthe earth. 5, 6. While the furface of the ground produces
herbs and corn for food to animals, lime, brimftone, and fuch other combuftib'.es,
are found in its bowels ; nay, the moft precious ftones and gold in fome parts of.
it. 7, 8. So myfterious are the paffages of thefe miners, that the moft qaick-

Inquiry after wifdom. ' J O
drTi^of io 1 He cutteth out rivers among the
1 ccnir.. pi. 74. 15. rocks, and his eye feeth every precious
if. 41. ii, 19. .1 ¦ J
thin sr.
mltf"iTif?- 1 1 He bindeth the floods ra from over-
11. 1 c». 4-s- flowing . an(j tfe ffping that is hid bring
eth he forth to light.
" \^:Zf tfi. 1 2 But where fliall " wifdom be found ?
6. 2°fim.73.-i5- and where is the place of underftanding ?
57. ver. 28. Prov. _ J- P
-viii~ 13 Man "knoweth not the price
" rcor.'tTil." thereof ; neither is it p found in the land
P ver. 14, 21, 22. 0f the livin 2.
4 Roni^u. 33, 14- 14? The depth faith, It is not in me :
and the fea faith, // is not with me.
f^tbl:grvi:f^f. 15 tit r cannot be gotten for gold,
'llTsAg'ckUiif "either fhall filver be weighed for the
price thereof.
,28.-£I5ctE*0d- 16 It cannot be valued with s the gold
of Ophir, with the precious onyx or the
fapphire. 17 The gold and the cryftal cannot
equal it : and the exchange of it fhall not
xot-vei.is.fpid. he for * jewels of fine gold.
1 %^£ofZt 1 8 No mention fhall be made of t coral
or of pearls ; for the price of wifdom is
above rubies.
BCufhinArabia. I0 The topaz of I' Ethiopia fhall not
equal it, neither fhall it be valued with
pure gold.
uver.i2.Ecci.7.2+. 20 u Whence then cometh wifdom?
and where is the place of underftand-

xTvtat. 13. 11, 44,
I Cor. 1. 7, 9.

mg;

21 Seeing x it is hid from the eyes of
all living, and kept clofe from the fowls
* Or heaven. of the ''ah?

B. God alone teaches true wifdom.
22 ^ Deftru£tioii and death fay, We ^""^ .

520.
y Ver. 14. Pf. i
io — 12.

have heard the fame thereof with our
ears. 22 z God underftandeth the way thereof, * t%^X i,H*:
and he knoweth the place thereof:
24 a For he looketh to the ends of the "s^'S.'^
earth, and feeth under the whole heaven ;
25 To bmake the weight for the "£$#£,?
winds ; and he weigheth the waters by
meafure. 26 When c he made a decree for the c z™ze$h!\l.rf
rain, and a way for the lightning of the g:^*.i£
thunder, W~!I-
rr"M Tit r '. t A 1 1 iOz number it. Pf.
27 1 hen did he fee it, and "declare 19. j. Rom. 1. 20.
it ; he prepared, it, yea, and fearched it
out. 28 And e unto man he faid, Behold, ^Tirn.^ffi^.
1 the fear of the Lord, that is wifdom ; f^Pr"v.',°;7.c&9:
and to s depart from evil is underftand- okul't '

ing.

C H A P.

XXIX.

g Pf. 34.14. Sc 37.27.
If. 1. 16. 3 John ir.
Prov. 8. 13. Sc 16.
6. ch, 1. 1, 8.

None of his friends offering to fpeak, Job, to move their
pity, and excufie, if not juftify, his own complaints,
in this chapter reprefents the height of profperity from
which he had fallen, and in the next the depth ofad-
verftty he had fallen into. Here he fhews ( I ) What
abundant comfort he had at home, in his protesting
and fmiling God, his numerous family, and large
eftate; I — 6. (2) What diftinguijhing honour and
power he had in his country, and what refipecl was
paid to him by all forts of people; 7 — 1 1. (3) What
remarkable good he did in his ftation as a magiftrate,
helping the deftitute, checking the opprefibrs, and ad-
miniftering juftice to all; 12 — 17. (4) What an
encouraging profipeil he had ofthe continuance- of his
happinefs at home; 18, 19, 20: and influence
abroad; 21 — 25.

Reflections upon Chap. XXVIII. — Alas ! how men rack
their wits, and toil their- members, to obtain riches, which, while
enjoyed, are unfubftantial, and which quickly take to themfelves
wings and fly away, as an eagle towards heaven ! Why are we
not more induftrious in digging for Jefus' hiddjjfo. treafures, which
anfwer all things, and endure for ever! Surely Jefus and his'
myfteries, Jefus and his grace, muft be ftrangely miftaken when
men can thus prefer created trifles and rarities of duft ! But how
great is that God whofe eye overlooks all, whofe power effe£ls

all, whofe purpofe fixes all things ! Let me never dare to pry into
his private counfels, whereby he regulates his conduct. Let me
leave the fecrets of other men's hearts, and the deep myfteries of
providence, to the Lord. And let me and my children ftudy
what he has revealed to us as the ftandard of our faith and practice.
Let us learn the wifdom which comes from above, which is pure
and peaceable, manifefted in fearing the Lord and departing from
evil.

fighted fowls never looked into them, and the moft fierce and courageous animals
never dared to enter them. 9. But the miners artfully cut their way through
rocks of flint, and dig to the bottoms of mountains, to come at the precious
metals. 10. They make pafl'ages for draining off the water that breaks in
upon them, and cleave afunder the veins of ore, and earneftly difcover the precimrs '
ftones and metals. II. They ftop the fprings from overflowing their mine, turn
ing them another way, and bring up thefe precious gems or metals, which had been
long fealed up in the heart ofthe earth.  12. But to find out folid wifdom, or ob
tain the knowledge of God's reafons in his providential conduit, is ftill more difficult.
13. God hath fo difpofed it, that no man knows the order, method, or importance, '
ef his procedure; and no man on earth can attain to it. 14. No fearch into the
depths of the earth or fea can procure it. 15—19. Not all the precious metals or'-

gems in the world can purchafe it. 20, 21. No, not the moft quick-fighted crea
tures on earth can point out a method to obtain it. 22. The folid confideration of
death and hell area proper introduction to true wifdom; and yet in death and damna
tion there are manifold inftances of God's wife procedure, which are not fufficiently
comprehended in the reafons of them. 23—727. God alone; who is infinite. in
wifdom and knowledge, and who orders and difpofes all things at his pleafure ; who
manages winds, waters, rains, , and thunders, in all their circumftances,' degree, "time,
place, or form ; properly underftands the reafons of whatever he does, particularly his
dealings with men. 28. Bat what he inculcates and beftows upon men, as their
pftrper wifdom, is fuch a knowledge and filial awe of his unbounded excellencies as
makes them to flee to him as their only refuge and portion; and, hiting every thing
finful, to love him anil Keep his cemmandtnents.

Job with grief reviews
Ti%£ l^/fOREOVER, Job a continued his
. .died t, taie -i. ? JL parable, and faid,

CHAP. XXIX,

his former profperity.

a Hob. up. Ch.27. I.
bCh. 1. 1— s-Pf. 42.
6. &77- ll. Jer. 2.
a. & 31. 3. ver. 4.

c Or lamp. Ch. 18.
5, 6. Sc 21. 17. II,
2. 5, PI. IS. 28.

iPf.91. 1 &2S- 14.
Amos 3.7. PI. 42.
2—4. Sc 63. 2.
c Judg. 6. 12. Dent.
33. 27 — 29. Song
2. 3— 5.

2 Oh that I were as in b months paft,
as in the days when God preferved
me; 2 When his c candle fhined upon my
head, and when by his light I walked
through darknefs ;
4 As I was in the days of my youth,
when d the fecret of God was upon my
tabernacle ;
5 When the

f Ch. 1. 2, e.

S Cen. 49. 11. & 18.
4. & 19.2. ch. 20.
17.Deut.32.13. &
33.24. PI. 81. 16.
* Heb. vjith me.
hjer. 38. 7. Zech. 8.
16. Deut. 1.6. 18.
Ruth 4. 1,2. Neh.
8. 2, 3. 2 Chr. 32.
6.

iKom. 13. 1— 4. Til.
3. I.
k Lev. 19. 32. Rom.
13. 7. ch. 12. 12.

I Jam. 1. 19. ch. 21.
5. Judg. 18. 19.

^ Hetl.thezwe of the
nobles vsas hid.
mPf. 1 37, 6. Ezek.
3. 26.

Jl Prov. 29. 2. Mark
7. 37. Luke 11 J27.
& 1. 48.

cPr.71. 12. &82. 3.
Prov. 21. 13. &
24.11. with ch. 22.
5-9-
p2Tim. 1. 16. Prov.
31.8,9- & 24. 11,
12. & 31.5,6. Pf.
80. 3. Sc 72. 12—
14.

me,me ;

Almighty was yet with
when f my children were about

6 When I E wafhed my fteps with but
ter, and the rock poured * me out rivers
of oil ;
7 When I went out hto the gate through
the city, when I prepared my feat in the
ftreet !
8 The. young men faw me, and ' hid
themfelves ; and the aged k arofe, and
ftood up.
9 The princes l refrained talking, and
laid their hand on their mouth.
10 t The nobles held their peace, and
their tongue ro cleaved to the roof of their
mouth. 1 1 n When the ear heard me, then it
bleffed me ; and, when the eye faw me,
it gave witnefs to me :
1 2 Becaufe ° I delivered the poor that
cried, and the fatherlefs, and him that had
none to help him.
13 The p blefling of him that was ready

Reflections upon Chap. XXIX. — What hoiinefs, comfort,
and honour, God beftows upon his favourites when it is for his
glory and their good ! But thofe who profper in youth know little
what dark and cloudy days may be in referve for them. It is plea
fant, however, to commemorate our early intimacies with God,
and his kind protecrion of us, or communications of light, life, and
comfort to our heart : and, if they be loft, God allows us to pray
for the reftoration of our mercies, fpiritual and temporal. Faith

Chap. XXIX. After another paufe, Job proceeded in his fpirited vindication of
himfelf, faying, 2. O that God would re-eftablilh me in my former profperity of
perfon, family, and eftate, as in the days wherein he watched over and protected me !
3. When his bleffing and fav-iur direfled and profpered me in all my affairs, and made
me to pafs untouched through all the troubles and inconveniencies of life, and the
various dangers, difficulties, and calamities, which befell others around me.
4. When I was in the days of my ripe profperity, and hnd the authority, the oracles,
and fecrets, of God with me ; 5. When God Almighty continued fo kind to and
familiar with me, and my children and fervants were round about me;^ 6. When,
whithrrfoiver I turned myfelf, I abounded in all forts of the choiceft bleffings;
7. When 1 took my feat in the places of judicature and concourfe, 8. The young
nien .flood in the moft profound awe ui" inej and the aged ftood up in reverence, and
Vol. I.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

to perifh came upon me : and I caufed
the widow's heart to fing for joy.
14 q I put on righteoufnefs, and it
clothed me : my judgment was as a robe
and a diadem.
1 5 I was r eyes to the blind, and feet
was I to the lame.
1 6 I was s a father to the poor : and
the * caufe which I knew not I fearched
out. 1 7 And I u brake + the jaws of the
wicked, and A plucked the fpoil out of his
teeth. 1 8 Then ? I faid, I fhall die in my
neft, and I fhall multiply my days * as
the fand.
1 9 My a root was D fpread out by the
waters, and the dew lay all night upon
my branch.
20 My b glory was * frefh in me, and
my bow was + renewed in my hand. Hl;b
21 cUnto me men gave ear, and waited, iHea.chanSu.
and kept filence at my counfel.
22 d After my words they fpake not
again ; and my fpeech c dropped upon
them. 23 And f they waited for me as for
the rain ; and they opened their mouth
wide as for the latter rain.
24 If I laughed on them, they g be
lieved /'/ not ; and the light of my coun
tenance they caft not down.
25 h I chofe out their way, and fat i
chief, and dwelt as a king in tho army,
as one that l comforteth the rr^ourners.

ij Deut. 24. 13. Pf.
IJ2. 9. If. 59. 17.
Kph.6.l4.-iTtiei:5.8. 1 Sam. 12. 3—
5. Eph. 4. 24. Col,
3. io.
r Num. 10. »i. Mic.
4. 6. with Mat.
11.;. Acts 26. 18.,
s Pf. 72. 4, 12, 13.
Jam. 1. 27. Deut.
Iffl. 18.
tDeut. 13. 14. Prov.
25. 2. Sc 29. 7. Sc
JI. 8.
u Pf. 3. 7. & SS. 6.
with Prov. 30. 14.
X Heb, thejato-teethf.
or the grinders.
x I Sam. 17. 35.
Amos 3. 12.
y Pf. 30. 6, 7. c*.
42, 10—17.
2 Gen. 41. 40. & 32,.-
12. Pf. 91. 16.
a Ch. 18. 19. pr. i„
3. Jer.Jj7. 8. If.
44-3, 4- Hof. 14.
fl Heb. opened.
b 2 Sam. j. 0. Gen.
49.24. II. 40, j i«
Pt 103. e.

cRom. 13.5,7. Tit.
3. 1. ver. 9, 10, 22.
<1 If. 52. ij. Alta jS,
14. Sc 17. ji.
e Deut. 32. 2. Song
4. II. Sc 7. 9.
Amos 7. 16.
Ezek. 20. 46.
fPr.72.6. ch.g.lo.
Prov. 16. 10.

E Luke 24. 41. Ceri»
45. 26. Pi. 126. 1,
with Gen. 4. 6.

h-Mat. 8. 9. Gen. 41.
40, 44. Afts 14.12.
iCh.4. 3,4. Sc 11.9.
If. 3;. 3, 4. Sc 61.
I — 10. 2 Cor. 7. 4,
6. & 1. 3,4. Rom.
12. 15. Gal. 6. X.
Heb. 13. 3.

in God, and intimate fellowfhip '>ith him, remarkably contribute
to render men truly honourable? and ufeful in this world. And it is
comely in a ftate when judgcjS are gr*ve, folemn, and impartial,
helpers to the poor, andtervors to the opprefibrs ; ami wnen people-
are modeft, fubmilTne, ?.nd grateful : but, when men have great
wealth at home, and are regarded as the oracle, the darling fove
reign, and comforter, of th.eir country, how apt are they to fuppofe
their felicity fecured, an-i to forget the evil day!

ceafed to fpeak. 9, 10. Nay, from regard to my fuperior authority, princes, the
moft noble not excepted ., refrained from fpeaking. 11. They who heard me judge
in a caufe pronounced ?•„,, highly favoured of God, and richly endowed with his gifts
and grace, and prayed for his diftinguifhed bleffings upon me : and they who obferved
my jult procedure 'atteited my pious, juft, and blamelefs, converfation; 12. Be
caufe 1 never Valk-d to redrel's the grievances of poor, fatherlefs, and deftitute perfons,
who complained t0 me. I3. Many blefled me, as the inftrument of delivering
them w'jCn they were upon the point of being ruined by falfe accufations; and f
caiifed, the widow's heart to fing with joy for her great and unexpected deliverances,
and. the favours which I granted her. 14. In all my fentences I fixed my attentinri
°-n what was juft and upright; and the deciiions I gave were an honour to me. 15. I
inftrucled, direcled, and affifted, fuch as could not manage their own affairs j and
5 E

Job laments his great

O B.

diflrefsfrom men.

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* Heb. effevj.r days
than I.

a Ch.
2 Kin

19, z.

ii
*3

-19, 11. 3 J.

b Ver.
22.

2-

-8.

Tit. 1.

f Or hard as a flint.
cHcb. 11. 37, 38.
with Prov. 23.21.
% Heb. yefternight.
d Amos 7. 14. 2 Kin*
4. 39. Luke 15.16.
eGen. 21. 10. &<4.
12* 14. Pi. 109. 10.

1 Heb. hies.

CHAP. XXX.
5a/ £<?«/ is the fine gold changed ! Here is ( I ) Job's
great adverfiity, correfpondent to his great profperity.
1 He had lived in great honour, refpetled by the
higheft ; but now he was fallen into great difgrace,
and contemned and vilified by the meaneft; I — 14:
1 He had enjoyed much inward comfort ; but now he
was become a terror and burden to himfelf; 15, 16:
and overwhelmed with grief; 28 — 31 :¦ 3 He had
enjoyed a confirmed ftate of health ; but now he was
fick and in pain; If, 18, 19, 29,30: * Once the
fecret of God was with him; now God had fhut him
out from intimacy with him ; 20 — 22 : 5 Once he
had promifed himfelf long Ufe ; but now he favj death
at his door ; 23. (2) The aggravating and alle
viating circumftances of his trouble. Two things
made it more heavy; viz. that it had furprifed him
when he expecled profperity ; 26, 27 : and thctt the
change was fo very great ; 31: and two things
gave him fome relief under it; viz. that his trouble
would not follow him to the grave; 24.: and that
in his profperity he had Jympathized with thofe that
were in mifery; 25.
UT now they that are " younger
than I ahave me in derifion, whofe
fathers I would have b difdained to have
fet with the dogs of my flock.
2 Yea, whereto might the ftrength of
their hands profit me in whom old age
was perifhed?
2 For want and famine they were
¦I* folitary ; c fleeing into the wildernefs
* in former time defolate and wafte :
4 Who d cut up mallows by the bufhes,
and juniper roots for their meat.
5 They ewere driven forth from among
men, they cried after them as after a
thief) ;
6 To dwell in the clefts of the valleys
in H caves of the earth, and in the rocks

was ever ready to help and comfort fuch as could not help themfelves. 16. I was a
kind teacher,, provider, and protestor, to the poor; and carefully inquired into their
circumftances, as well as into their difficult and obfcure plcas.i 17. By proper pu-
jiifhments and reftraints I rendered the wicked incapable of oppreffing, and forced them
to reftore that which they had violently extorted. 18. Then I vainly imagined
that, after a long life of ama2ing profperity, I fhould die quietly in my own houfe,
among my children and friends; 19. That my remarkable happinefs fhould cer
tainly continue, as I had every mean of preferving artd fecuring it; 20. That the
honour and refpecl which I had from others, and my abilities and powers, (hould ftill
continue with me; 21, 22. That men (hould ftill regard my advices and decifions
with the profoundeft refpecl; 23. That they fhould always be exceedingly defirous
to hear my opinion and judgment on a point ; 24. That, though I carried myfelf
familiarly towards them, they fhould ftill ftand in awe, and carefully avoid every
thing which might deprive them of my favour ;t 25. And. that I ihould ftill be
regarded as their principal direclor in their conduct, and affectionate comforter under
their troubles..
N. B. Ver. 20—25 may 3'^° ^e reac' >n tnc Pa^ time, as in our transition.
.„, Chap. XXX. But now, alas! the youths, who durft fcarcely look me in the
fece, mock and deride me, even thofe whofe infamous parents I would have difdained
to have employed in attending my dogs, or in other of the vileft fervices; 2. Being
iadced lb la2y, nitlefsz and. weak, that it was, in vain to employ them in any thing,

7 Among the bufhes they f brayed ;
under the nettles they were gathered to- ~

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gether,

am. 4, 2. Gen. iG.
12. ch. 11. 12,
Luke 14. 23,

8 They were children of- fools, yea,
children of '" bafe men : they were viler *n<*.TOB »/i»»««.
than the earth.

9 s And now am I their fong,

yea,

I

i Pi- 3S- 15, 16. &
69-. 12. Lain. 3.14,
6j. ch. 14. 6.
Rev. 11. 9, 10.

am their by- word.
10 They h abhor me, they flee far h^9kn\\\Jtst
from me, ' and fpare not to fpit in my \ ut'lfff1'^
faCC s Heb and withheld
^' notfpntle from my
1 1 Becaufe k he hath loofed my cord, f^liJci
and afflicted me, they have alio llet loofe ^•^aV^.1,
the bridle before me. kca.ra.rt.pcJ9.9.
1 2 Upon my mright handrife the youth; "'¦"'
they pufh away my feet, and they raife m?f && nX
up againft me the ways of their deftruc- ^¦'^i'i'
tion. 13 They "mar my path, they fet "j^pu,2^
forward my calamity, they have no
helper. 1 4 They came upon me ° as a wide "^V^".";
breaking in tf waters: in the defolation ,sir'8'7-8-
they rolled themfelves upon me.
1 5 p Terrors are turned upon me : they p Siv4'*^ .5
purfue + my foul as the wind : and my ''-": '5Jer°
welfare pafieth away i as a cloud. tHeb.m,,,™,^
1 6 And now my rfoul is poured out iHof-6-4-&ij.j.
upon me ; the days of affliction have taken "£*£*;*£
hold upon me.
17 My s bones are pierced in me in sC6hl!'4?-Ipf6'2*
the night feafon ; and my finews take no
reft. 18 l By the great force of my difeafe is ^V^7"5'
my % garment changed : it bindeth me
about as the collar of my coat.

after they had lived fo long abandoning themfelves to wickednefs; o_g. Bafe and
beggarly fellows, who, afhamed of their poverty, and to prevent the punifhment of-
the.r^ wickednefs, had fled into deferts, and there, like wild beafts, lived upon roots
and nerbs, and lodged. ln dens, caves, and buihes. 9. But. now they triumph
over me, and make my calamities the fubjecl of their fongs and merry converfatibn.
10. Heartily abhorring me, theydifdain to come near me, unlefs it be contemptuoiilly
to (pit in my face. II. Becaufe God has deprived me of my authority, wealth,
and honour, and has gnevoufly afflifted me, they take an unreftrained liberty in-
then- infolent behaviour towards me. I2. The very boys place themfelves as my
accuiers ; they infolently abufe me; and attempt, by different methods, to deftroy me.
13. 1 hey endeavour to obftrua all means of comfort and relief to me. They fo dif-
turb my mind that I know not what to do. Without having or needing any affiftance,
they m the moft prefumptuous manner increafe my calamities. 14. With the moft
furious and deftruftive violence they affault me: and, when God has deprived me of.
my fubftance, family, and health, they infult me in the moft noify forms. 15. Ter
rors, djrecled hy God againft me, feize upon me in the moft violent and irrefiftible
manner; and, my abundant profperity is quickly, in a moment, over and gone.v
10. By reafon of my terrible afflictions my courage and refolution. are quite exhaufted,.
and the powers of my foul fo wafted that I can do nothing but melt into tears, and
faint away with grief. ,17. In the night, when others reft, my bones are, as it-
were, pierced and bruifed with pain; and the worms, terrors, and agonies, that tor
ment mc, never take reft. i3. By their fearful force my boils, which, cover roe-.

3

Job bewails his mfery , and makes CHAP. XXX. XXXI. a folemn proteflation of his integrity.

Before Chrift ttii ^ . 1
cir. 152o. 19 He hath u caft me into the mire,
uch.9.31. pf-4=- and I am become like x duft and aflies.
a. cc 09. 1, a.
xch.2.8.Ge,..i8. 20 ? I cry unto thee, and thou doft not
vJ'mPf.22, hear me: 1 ftand 'up, and thou regardeft
i.l'£.zkh£Z me »ot.
4.5-
e Heb. turned to be
cruel.

2 1 Thou art z become cruel to me :
o. iimtea to oe • ¦ + * .,
'jer.^'i;8- Wlth + thy ftrong hand thou oppofeft thy-
Heb. thcflrenglhef fdf agaitlft lllC
22 Thou alifteft me up to the wind ;
thou caufeft me to ride upon it, and dif-
folveft my II fubftance.
23 For I know that thou wilt bring me
b27Clc-cn53Hi9:9' to death, and b/o the houfe appointed for
2sa,a.,4.i4. all iivingt
24 Howbeit, he will not ftretch out his
cHcb.iM/.ch.2i. hand to the c-gravej though they cry in
his deftrucrion.
25 d Did not I weep * for him that was
in trouble ? was not my foul e grieved for

thy hand.
aPf. 55.8. If. 27. 8,
Ezek. 5. 2. ch. 1
19. Hof. 13. 15.
Jer. 4, 11, 12.
11 Oi vAfdm.

dPf. 35.13,14. Rom,
12. 15. Heb. 13. 3
"ch. 31. 17—20.
Gal. 6. 2.
*. Heb. for him thai
was bard of day.
e Heb. burned.
a Cor. 11. 29. ch.
31. 16—20.

the

poor

?

26 f When I looked for good, then
evil came unto me: and, when I waited
tSMilsif z%lt%\ for light, there came darknefs.
27 My g bowels boiled, and refted not :
',rj: the days of affliction prevented me.
hpr.38.6.&42.9. 2^ I went h mourning without the fun:
?,£)5.\Ti,\. I ftood up, d77</ I cried in the congresca-
tion.

S Lain. 1. 16, 20. Pf.
22. 14. & 32. 3.
Sc 39- 3- Jer. 4
ca. 19. 12.

iPf. 102. 6. Mic. 1.8.
If. 38.14. Pf. 57. 4.

in Pf. 119. 8j. Lam.
4. 8. & 5. 10. Pf.
102. 3.

29 L I am a brother to dragons, and a
iottfrichcs. companion to + owls.
30 k My fkin is black upon me, and
my bones are burned with heat.
"z.^zu'flil 31 *My harp alfo is turned to mourn-
5. 15. Amos 8. 10. • , A •,. 1 • r s
ing, and my organ into the voice of them
that weep.

Before Chria
ck. 1520.

CHAP. XXXI.
Already Job had often protefted his integrity in gene
ral ; but, as his friends had charged him with par
ticular fins ; chap. xxii. 6— 14: without any proof,
he here purges himfelf on oath; 6, 14, 23, 35, 36,
37 : from a variety of grofs and fecret fins; particu
larly (1) Wantonnefe and . uncleannefs of heart ;
1 — 4. (2) Fraud and injuftice in commerce ;
5 — 8. (3) Adultery; 9 — 12. (4) Haughtinefit
and fevrrity towards his fervants; 13 — 15. {5)Un-
merci fulnefs to the poor, widows, fatherlefs ; 1 6 — 23 :
and ftrangers ; 32. (6) Carnal confidence in his
wealth; 24,25. (7) Idolatry; 26 — 28. (8) Re
venge, 29 — 31. (9) Hypocrify, in concealing his
own fin ; or cowardice, in conniving at the fin of
others; 33,34. (10) Oppreffion of labourers, and
violent invafion of other people ' s rights ; 38 — 40 :
and meanwhile he Jhews that he had avoided thefe
evils upon good principles, making the fear of God
the fpring of his juftice and charity; 2, 0, 14,
28, 35-
a MADE a covenant with mine eyes ; "p^^f'.^
why then fhould I think upon a Isan?,,.3*4: *¦ '
maid ?
2 For b what portion of God is there ^^'IX^X11'
from above ? and what inheritance of the lCor' 6' 9' I0"-
Almighty from on high ?
2 cIs not deftrucTion to the wicked ? '».".&£&*
and a ftrange punifhment to the workers
of iniquity?
4 dDoth not he fee my ways, and count d fn.cl6'^, t
14.16. Prov. 5.21.
& IS- 3- Jer. 32.
19. & 16. 17. Pf.
J39. 1—5.
e Pf. 7. 3—5. & 4. l,
Prov. 13. 11. 3c
28. 20.

I

all my fteps ?
5 c If I have walked with vanity, or
if my foot hath hafted to deceit ;
6 f Let me be weighed in an
balance, that God may know mine inte
grity- .
7 E If my ftep hath turned out of the
way, and mine heart walked after mine

eVen facts. Let hint weigh
me in balances of
jujice. Pf. 26.1.&
139. 2?. Sc 18. c.
—24. & 17, 2, 3.
g Pf. 7. 3-5. & 44.
18, 20. Eccl. 1 1. 9.
I John 2. 16. with
ch. 9. 3c, 31,

Reflections upon Chap. XXX. — Unfubftantial, uncertain,
and tranfient, are all things but God and the fpiritual bleJTings of
his new covenant. But fin, even on earth, makes many the moff
bafe and miferable of wretches : the youngeft in age, the meaneft
in extraction, the pooreft in property, and the moft fcandalous in
character, are generally the moft ready to contemn, infult, and
abufe, the greateft and beft, when Providence once, frowns upon

them. And it is hard for wounded fpirits to bear up under com
plicated troubles, terrors of mind, loathfome and painful difeafes of
body, and frowns of God. But happy are they who can by faith
take up the eternakenjoyment of God as a full balance to all the
troubles which they can fuffer on earth ! Happy are they who
have the teftimony of a good confeience that in limplicity and godly
fincerity they have had their converfation in this world !

all over, are like an outer garment to me, and gird me round about j and their filthy
matter ftains my clothes, and glues them faft to my (kin, that I can fcarcely get them
changed. 19. I am fearfully plunged into filthy troubles. My foul fores render
me like duft and afhes, and reduce me to the point of death. 20. "When I prefent
myfelf before thee, O God, and continue inftant in the moft fervent fupplications,
thou doft but contemn me. 21, 22. Acling as an implacable enemy to me, thou
exercifeft thy almighty power to deftroy me. Thou liftieft me up to the wind of thy
vengeance, and makeft me to ride upon it as ftubble driven to and fro. My body is
confumed by the violence of my trouble ; and my firmed things are made to reel as
the waters of the fea toffed with a ftorm. 23. Truly by thy thus dealing v/ith me
I fee that I need look for nothing' but death and the grave, that common fantftuary of
mankind. 24. And I hope God will neither exert his almighty power to refcue me
from the grave, nor let me in my paffage cry out of pains; let friends entreat for my
lite as they vvilJ : nor ufe it to molcift me there, but give me refrelhing eafe in the

ftate of the dead. 25. Did not I always fympathize with others in their diftrefs
and poverty? And do not I now weep as one condemned to a period of trouble? Does
not my foul, as a poor diftreffed objeel, pine away with grief? 26. For, when I firmly
expe&ed great and lading profperity, terrible miferies came upon me. 27. How in-
fupportable are the inward torments of my body, and the anguifh of my foul 1 Days of
fearful affliclion have rufhed upon me before I was aware. 28. 1 fpend my days
without any comfort ; and fadnefs makes*me quite unconcerned about light, or any
other agreeable objeft. My trouble forces me to cry out, be as many around me as
will. 29. I can do nothing but feek to he alone, and hifs and howl over my dreadful
cafe, 30. The hot moifture of my boils hasjrendered my (kin black, and"
flamed all my bones. 31. All my joy and mirth are "laid afide ; and nothing
weeping and wailing are come in their ftead.
Chju-. XXXI. Ver. 6. Let me be tried by an-iipright impartial judge, that God mar
5 E 7,

Job continues his folemn proteflation

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

fe Lev. 26. 16. Deut.
18. 3c — 33.ch.18.
its— 20.

eyes, and if any blot hath cleaved to my
hands ;
8 Then h let me fow, and let another
eat ; yea, let my offspring be rooted out.
9 If ' mine heart have been deceived

i Eccl. 7. 26. ch. 24.
IS, 16. Jer. 5. 8.
prov.£ s, 19, 21. ky a woman, or ff\ have laid wait at my

neighbour's door;

kKaTJ'4'.4f;.47, IO 7^<?» let my wife k grind unto
2Sam.'ii.n. another, and let others bow down upon
her.

1 1 For this is an l heinous crime ; yea,
lo^o^beui.^' it is an iniquity to be punifhed by the

\ Prov. 6. 29, 3 J-
Gen. 20. 9. & 39,

22. Exod. 20.141

judges.

? Pf. 68. 1. Zech. 2.
jj. Pf. 44. ai. If.
10. 3. ver. 23.

"£?& V7°.1ief*> 1 2 For it /j- a m fire that confumeth to
Ge'n4'3f.e24.2jer8; deftru&ion, and would root out all mine
29, 22, 25. . r
increafe.
"i™6,':?''4'1' l3 ^ I " ^id defpife the caufe of my
man fervant or of my maid fervant, when
they contended with me ;
14 What then fhall Ido when ° God
rifeth up ? and, when] he vifiteth, what
fhall I anfwer him ?
'w.P4rc.^'i4.t^ l5 p -Did not he that made me in the'
&""1- womb make him ? and * did not one
# Or did he not fafhlon - _ . . . .
¦us tn one womb', faihion us in the womb r
^bfL't"' l& If I have q withheld the poor from
their defire, or have caufed the eyes of
the widow to fail ;
'z^TeTj^t^- J7 Or have r eaten my morfel myfelf
alone, and the fatherlefs hath not eaten
thereof ;
5jisni6,'f7'chzok: *^ (For from my youth s he was
,3''6- brought up with me as with a father, and
t That iM*« «-«<*"¦ I have guided + her from my mother's
womb) ;.
19 If I have ' feen any perifh for want
of clothing, or any poor without cover
ing ;
¦Deat. 24.13. & 22. 20 If ™ his loins have; not blefled me,
1 1. Mat. 25. 36. . ? • i i n
2Tim.i.i6. and, if he were not warmed with the fleece
of my fheep ;
sif.s8.6vch.299. 21 If I have* lifted up my hand againft
the fatherlefs when I faw my help in the
gate :

t Mat, 25. 43. Jam,
2. 16. ch. 22. 6.

acknowledge and approve" mine integrity. ¦ 7, 8. If I have knowingly, willingly,
and ordinarily, wandered out of the way of my duty, have indulged my heart in co
vetoufnefs or luft, or my hands in bribery and injuftice, let all that I have be beftowed
onothtsrs, and my children, plants, and trees, be rooted up. 9, 10. If I have been enticed
to unclean luft by any woman, or if I have watched for opportunities to defile my neigh
bour's bed, let my own wife be a (lave and a whore to others. — —26,27. If I have
teheld the fon or moon with any idolatrous regard, or have had any inward inclination
»e efteem them as deities, or have given them any external worihip,— — 34. Did

O B. of his innoce'ney and uprightnefs.
22 Then y let mine arm fall from my ffi*tgff
fhoulder blade, and mine arm be broken y re. -,.,.& ,„;^
from *the bone. ckk1* ,3'4'
2-2 For z deftrudtion from God was a *0r*- <**»»«>«.
t/ 2 If" TT A C*
terror to me, and by reafon of his high- v-muI^c":
r T . , *, © 5' 11. Mat. 10.28.
nefs 1 could not endure.
24 If I "have made gold my hope, or ^f'Jftl^&X
have faid to the fine gold, Thou art my il?iLat%.
, r 1 w- &• ic Col. j,
confidence ; 5.6.
25 If I b rejoiced becaufe my wealth bfL^il';ln^
was great, and becaufe mine hand had '6'IS,Ji"ns-s-
II gotten much ; - iiHeb./„^mK^
26 If c I beheld * the fun when it 't^U7~
fhined, or the moon walking + in bright-
nefs ;
27 And my heart hath been fecretly
enticed, or + my mouth hath d kiffed my x^myh„iUtB,
'J " kijed my maullu
hand : d pr. 2. 12. Hof. iK
28 This alfo were e an iniquity to be fy^f.^f]
punifhed by the judge : for I fhould have 'chr.'^.'7,^

Kzclt. 8. 16.
*Heb. thelighti
iHe-a.h.igb:..

Rev. 21. 8.

f denied the God that is above. . f Exod. 20. 3, 5. If..
29 If I g rejoiced at the deftru&ion of ^ s- Mat- *¦ ,Q-
him that hated me, or lifted up myfelf ^s-w-^'sfi^
when evil found him :
30 Neither have I fuffered'Hmy mouth «-H<*- */*'«'•
to iin by wifhing h a curfe to his foul. h ft, l44' Rora-
¦21 'If the men of my tabernacle faid i v*. i7, is, Js.
-J J Heb. 13. 2. 1 Pet.
not, O that we had of his flefh I we
cannot be fatisfied.

4. 9. 1 Tim. 3. 2.
cc 5. 10. Gen. iS*
2—8. & 19. 2, I..
Judg. 19. 20, 21 ,

32 The ftranger did not lodge in the

ftreet: but I opened my doors * to the *ar u,Uwa>-
traveller. 22 If I covered my tranfgreflions k as k?/^H™
Adam, by hiding ' mine iniquity in my '^y;*-^
bofom : * *•
34 Did ra I fear a great multitude, or "?££>•**"'
did the ""contempt of families terrify me,
that I kept filence, and went not out of
the door ?
35 O n that one would hear me ! + be- n^.ts?T^t
hold, my defire is that the Almighty T-^-St-6.Zi'
would anfwer me, and that mine adver- i0,lifib,mli%^
/•¦ 1 1 » ti wiVi anfwer me.
iary had written a book.
36 Surely I would take it "upon my°*ir'»'"

ever fear cf men terrify me from candid confeflion of my fin, or from any other
duty;  or, if I hajie concealed my faults, let me be overwhelmed with the terror and
contempt of men till I be afliamed to be feen  35—37- ° that l ha"* but an. im."
partial judge, and that my accufer would give me a written charge! I (hould prize it
as an honour, fince every article would then be proved falfe: — I would, with un
daunted courage and confidence of fuccefs, give a candid account of my paft conduit,
to fee of what he could accufe me.

Elihu the Buzite Begins ta moderate CHAP. XXXII. in the difpute between Job and his friends.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

fhoulder, and bind it as- a crown to
~ me.
rib%V.lh'iwX 37 I p would declare, unto him the

number of my fteps ; as a prince would I

q- Hab. 2. it. Gen,
4.10.
H Heb. tsseif.

go near unto him

r Jam. 5. 4-

38 If my land icry againft me, or
that the furrows likewife thereof II com
plain ;
39 If I rhave eaten *the fruits thereof
•Sy?""** without money, or have t caufed the
??&3£,£&f owners thereof to lof'e their life ;
r01"' 40 Let s thiftles grow inftead of wheat,
•^h'f^7'2'' and * cockle inftead of barley. The
% or nifom, -weed,. " words of Job are ended.
fl His difpute with. 
kbftiAu. CHAP. XXXII.
Job's friends had no more to fay in oppofition to his cha
racter and fentiments, and he had no more to fay in
his own vindication ; Elihu, therefore, a younger
friend,, interpofes betwixt them as mediator. Here
is (1) Some account of him, and his reafon for fpeak
ing ; 1 — 5. (2) His apology for fpeaking on a queftion
which had been fo largely and learnedly debated by
his fuperiors : — in which he fuggefts, l That, though
he had not the experience of an old man, yet he had
the underftanding of a man ; 6 — 10. a That he had
with great patience heard all they had to fay;
II— ^-13. * That he had fomething new to offer on
the point; 14 — 17. * That his mind was fo full of
this matter that it would be a~ refreflnment to him to
give it vent; 18 — 20. s That he would fpeak im-
"^'•fr""a"/™"" partially; 21, 22.
»ch.6.io.&9-29- C^O thefe three men ceafed-* to anfwer
CC 10. 2, 7. & IJ. ^^
Qzs^'d'zj. ^-* J°b, becaufe he was a righteous in
own eyes.
2 Then was' b kindled the wrath of

4-6. & 31. 1— 40. 1 •
with ch. 7. 20. & Illo
9. 2, 20, 31—33.
1 Gal. 4.18. Pf. 69. 9.

f Heb. elder fer
i-t. 15. to.

Elihu the fon of Barachel the c Buzite, of Bc£",j%f
the kindred of Ram : againft Job was his ccen. 22.21.
wrath kindled, dbecaufe he juftified "J- him- d cf-v]^Ptv \l'
felf rather than God. ^T^'
2 Alfo againft his three friends was his
wrath kindled, becaufe they had found
no anfwer and yet had condemned e Job. "giteT'cKii't
4 Now Elihu had + waited till Job had &20 •*¦
fpoken, becaufe they were f elder than *i^t,"^f"
he. 5 When Elihu faw that there was no
anfwer in the mouth of thefe three men,
then his wrath was kindled.
6 And Elihu the fon of Barachel the
Buzite anfwered and faid, I am H young, « «*•>*»¦."**
and ye"are very old ; wherefore I was
afraid, and e durft not fhew you mine ^Itlit.Vl
opinion. 7 I faid, hDays fliould fpeak, and mul- h^:Ll:95-%"'
titude of years fhould teach wifdom..
8 But there is a fpirit in man: and"
1 the infpiration of the Almighty giveth
them underftanding.
9 k Great men are not always wife : ^^Ifzcftzl
neither do the aged underftand judg- << l^r-j-gf^
ment. ^*!'a
10 l Therefore I faid, Hearken to me ; 1 ver.j. ».
I alfo will fhew you mine opinion.
1 1 Behold, I waited for your words ;.
I gave ear to your * reafons whilft ye »h*-«»*v««*
fearched out "I" what to fay. TH»b.w,.
12 Yea, m I attended unto you ; and, n,cphroL,^9;with

i Ch. 38. 36. Sc \e.
II. Prov. 2. 6.
Eccl. 2. 26. Dan.
I. 17. & 2. 21.
Jam. 1. 5. 1 Cor.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXI. — How diverfified are the
forms in which inward corruption breaks forth among mankind.
And there is great need of purifying the heart, of folemn dedication
1 to God, of watchfulnefs over both foul and fenfes, and of conftant,
awful, and engaging, impreffions of God, to promote an holy and
circumfpe£r. life. It is highly honourable to be followers of thofe an
cient patriarchs, who through faith and patience inherited the pro
mifes. But, alas, that many things, by them held horrid and deteft
able, are now become common and fafhionable ! — What dangerous
enemies to our fouls are flefhly lufts ; and they call for efpecial
watchfillnefs ! If we would keep our heart pure, our eye muft be
fingle. However unexceptionable our outward conduct appear,
there is a God who marks our fecret fins ; and no impurity of
temper can confift with the enjoyment of him. Such as will lodge
iin in their heart now muft lodge in hell for ever. How rare truly
honeft men are in this world ! None are more to be fufpefted of
fraud than fuch as are full of talk in their worldly dealings. Ho-
nefty needs no varnifh. The gains of covetoufnefs, however fe

cret, leave a blot in the fight of God, which nothing but Jefus'
atoning blood can wafh away. The fruits of injuftice muft either
be reftored, or they will damn us : and they who are confcious of
integrity never fhun a trial. What a crying fin is adultery; and
how damning ! — Great humanity and tendeinefs is due to fervants
and the poor, who nave the fame Maker and God as ourfelves : and
there is great nee4.of grace to wean our heart from this world, and
from every rival of Gpd. It is'a hard tafk to forgive injuries with
out reluctance. But to rejoice in the fall of an enemy is malicious
and murderous. The greateft provocation will never juftify our
revenge. Hypocritically to hide our fins is deftructive to our
fouls. And it U very dangerous to be partakers with other men
in their fins. Let us therefore avoid the fear of man, which
caufeth a fnare. Let us never hear a good caufe run down with
out vindicating it ; nor fee injuftice committed without remon-
ftrating againft it. In all our conduit let us ftudy to approve ouiv
felves unto God.

Chap. XXXII. Ver. i. He was refolutelybent to juftify himfelf, let them fay what
they would. 2. He infifted too much upon bis own vindication. Vea not without
re-flctling upon the feverity of God. 7, 8. Old men ought to inftrudt their inferiors

in age in the matters of God. But I find that, whatever advantage old age may gjve
for knowledge and experience, it is chiefly men's own rational foul, and the infpiring
Spirit of God, which cjualify them to apprehend the myfteries of religion andprovV-

.Elihu s apology for fpeaking. J O
behold, there was none of you that con
vinced Job, or that anfwered his words :
1 3 n Left ye fhould fay, We have found
out wifdom : ° God thrufteth him down,

B.

flddrejfes himfelf to Job.

F.c'bre Chrift
cir. 1520.

a Jer. 9; 23. & 10.
23. ch. 28. 12, 13
20, 28.

o Ch. 5. 1—4. & 8.
3-6. & ii.s.. & not man.
15.2 — 35. &XV1U.
xx. xxii. with
2 Cor. 2. 6, 7,
% Or uri red his
words.

f

Heb. they removed

i

s from them.'

14 Now he hath not * directed his
words againft me : neither will I anfwer
him with your fpeeches.
1 5 They were amazed ; they anfwered
no more ; H they left off fpeaking.
1-6 When I had waited, (for they fpake
not, but ftood ftill, and anfwered no
more) ,
1 7 I faid, I will anfwer alfq,hiy part ;
I alfo will fhew mine opinion, m
1 8 For I am full of * matt* ; t the
.fHen.thefcirittfmy r • ¦ . -1 • ~ . , '
b,iiy. ipirit within me p conftraineth me.
19 Behold, my belly is as wine which
* hath no vent, it is ready to burft like
q new bottles.
20 I will fpeak, r that I may be re-
frefhed .: I will open my lips and anfwer.
2 1 Let me not, I pray you, 5 accept
any man's perfon,

*¦ Heb. wards.

pzCor.5.14. Pf. 30.
" 3. Jer. 20. 9. Acts
4. zo. &.17. 16.
J 'Heb. ts not opened.
q Mat, 9. vj.
t Heb. that I may
breathe. Rom. K.
- .32.
a Lev. 19. 15. Exod.
23, 3. Afts 12,. 22.

t Mat. %%. 16. Afts
n.22. Sc 3.4. 2, 3

neither let me give
flattering titles unto man.
22 For I know not to l give flattering;
o £3

*> A& .12. 23. pi. 12. titles; info doing my Maker would "foon
take me away.
CHAP. XXXIII.
Having finifhed his addrefs to Job' s friends, Elihu, in
this and the four following chapters, addreffes Job ;
and, admitting him to be a real faint, attempts to
render him humble and penitent under God's mighty

^ Reflections upon Chap. XXXII.— In angry difputes there
is ordinarily much to reprove on both fides. But when the dif
putants are warm they are loath to own that they have loft the
caufe. Yet it is much better to fay nothing than to talk error and
nonfenfe. When we have fault to find, it ihould be done before
met,, not behind their backs. A gracious heart is jealous for the
honour of God, and cannot, unmoved, fee him flighted. And it
is highly commendable to fhew an holy indignation agarnft fin
and warmth in the caufe of truth. In difputes, it is proper
that each fhould fpeak in his own order, and that each be
animated by a true and difcreet zeal for God. And it is ex
tremely agreeable when great fenfe and courage are directed bv
great hunyhty and modefty. In matters of doubtful difputation we
ought to be diffident of our own judgment, and to be more fwift
to hear than to fpeak Yet, after we have given others a long and
patient hearing, it is but reafonable that we fhould be heard in our
caufr'anr, ,l3; r^l?™ ih0li-d t!ink, y°U have fai(1 a" that needs to be faid in'thT
caufe, and that God s immediate ftrokes upon job are an evidence that he is an W
 14. Job hath g.ven me no provocation to fpeak; nor will I ufe fuch weak
nrovokmg language as you have done  21. Do not expett that I
-r errors and miftakes out of refpecl to your age, gravity, or
deal freely, plainly, and impartially, with you.

Before Chrift
cir. 1.520.

hand. Here, (i) He befpeaks Job's favourable ac
ceptance of what he Jhould fay, and begs that he
would receive him as the deputy and agent for God,
whom he had formerly wijhed; i — 7. (2) In God's
name he charges him with a variety of finful reflec
tions upon the providence of God, which had efcaped
him while difputing with his friends; 8 — 11.
(3) To convince him of his folly and guilt, he fhew s
him that God, being an abfolute Sovereign, might do
with him as he pleafed; 12, 13 : That God's care of
men is fo great, that he takes various methods with
them to do them good; 14: That, if Job had had
uneafy dreams, God oftentimes makes thofe the chan
nels of ufeful inftruclions ; 15 — 18: That, if he had
been fere afflicled, God had often made that a bleffed
"mean to increafe men's acquaintance with himfelf,
and to work in them patience, experience, and hope ;
r9 — 3°- (4) He requires Job either to anfwer
him or give him leave to proceed; 31 — 33.
WHEREFORE Job, I pray thee,
a hear my fpeeches, and hearken ^.i*,*^-
to all my words. IO-33'
2 Behold, now bI have opened my <>ch. 3.1.1^.5.2.

JT Q 0ly * Heb- '" m> palette.

mouth, my tongue hath fpoken
mouth. 3 My words fhall be of the c upright- ciThef.1.,,4.
nefs of my heart : and my lips fhall utter
knowledge + clearlv. t-Heb.,*™^
4 dThe Spirit of God hath made me, "KfK
and the breath of the Almighty hath given 3£fL,1-,,n:
me life.
5 If thou canft anfwer me, fet thy e ch. 9. S2_3j. &
words in order before me ; ftand up. Ici'* '31i3ff °

6 e Behold, I am * according to thy 7'
wifh in God's ftead: I alfo am H formed *
out of the clay.
7 Behold, f my terror fhall not make fch.<M4.&«
•  J r\. 32. 4.

7- If. 64. 8.
Heb. atarding is
thy msuth.
H Heb. cut out tf the
day.

turn. And by-ftanders, who hear without prejudice, often fee
further into a difpute than thofe who have their minds blinded by
paffion. God deals very fovereignly in the difpofal of knowledge,
or other gifts. Men may have rational fouls, and yet know
little : but they ought to cultivate this diftinguifhing privilege.
All the wifdom of fallen men in fpiritual matters is but darknefs,
till the Spirit of God enlighten their mind. — And, alas, how often
difputes are clofed before the queftion be rightly ftated or impar
tially handled ! And hence the iffue is fo feldom a feeing eye to
eye in the truth. They have therefore good right to fpeak who
can fet the caufe of truth in a more convincing and ftriking light
than had been formerly, done. And they who fpeak for God
ought to be earneft in their difcourfes, inflamed with zeal for his
glory, and the good-of fouls ; and to be fo impreffed with his per
fections and laws, as to regard neither the fear nor the favour of
men.

Chap. XXXIII. Ver. 3. I fhall not fpeak from paffion or prejudice, as others have
done before me, but from a fincere defire of doing thee good, and in fuch a clear manner
that thou mayeft be fully convinced of the truth of what I fay. 4—6. I am a man
like thyfelf, fit to reafon with thee on equal terms, and inclined to plead the caufe of
t>od againfl thee. ^ 7. There is nothing about me to terrify or torment the*.

Elihu labours to convince Job of CHAP. XXXIII. his finful mi/behaviour in his trouble.

Befofe Chrift
cir

f£f! thee afraid, neithe_r fhall my hand be
' heavy upon thee.
s neb. <n mi™, an. 8 Surely thou haft fpoken s in mine
Deut. 13. 14- • 1 t 1 ,rnl • r
hearing, and I have heard the voice . ot
thy words, faying,
1,&;?.,2,7.'&.6a,7: 9 h I am clean without tranfgreflion, I
fftil}":^7' am innocent, neither is there iniquity in
me.
ich. 14. 17. sc i3. 10 Behold, ' he findeth occafions againft
34, 26. & 16. 9. &

$ 1.: & 10.6, me> j^g counteth me for his enemy,
1 1 He k putteth my feet in the ftocks,
he marketh all my paths.
12 Behold, in this thou art l not juft:

k Ch. 13- zj. Sc 10
14. & 14. 16. cc
31.4-

ljam. j. 2. Eccl. 7.
20. J Kin. 8. 46.
I John I. S.
mPf.S3.18. & 135.

I will anfwer thee, that * God is greater
1FI.S3. 15. csc 135.
6. Dan. 4. 34, 35. than man.
nir.45.9- Rom. 9. 13 Why n doft thou ftrive againft him ?
*neo.hennfwereth for "* ° he o-iveth not account of any of his
not. °
opr. ns. 3. Mat. 20. matters.
is- can. 4. 35- x . por p q0(1 fpeaketh once, yea twice,
ppf.62.11. ¦ . K .
yet man perceiveth it not.
^^DaSu'slieb'. 15 q In a dream, in a viiion of the
ct^iSF6, night, when deep fleep falleth upon men,
in llumberings upon the bed ;
rHeb. fo reveM, j 6 Then r he openeth the ears of men,
or uvcttve.-f.tb. Ch, JT
t'.li'.ttffll. and fealeth their inftrudlion,
1 7 That he may s withdraw man
from his + purpofe, and hide pride from
man,

s Frov. 16. 9. Sc 19.
21. 2 Cor. 12.7
If. 2. II.
f Heb. wore.

1 8 He ' keepeth back his foul from the.
2. 0, 7. set. 94. 12. *¦ " -"¦ -¦¦ r . . .
tHeb./i-»»^^sr pit, and his life + from perifhing by the
the fwerd. K,

1 1 Cor. 11. 32. Hof.
2. 6, 7. Pi. 94. 12

fword

(if Jwen/. !
UM,c.,9-ir.>7.9. 19 He "is chaftened alfo with pain
£MtS upon his bed,, and the multitude of his
Pf. 94. 12. Sc 119. . £ -in . '
67,71.^.7.3,4- bones with ftrong pain:
xpr.^."'^^. 20 x So that his life abhorreth bread,
.ch.,^ 7. d hi foul ,| daint meat-
f Heb. meat of defire. J 

' Reflections upon Chap. XXXIII.— We ought fenoufly to
hear out a difcourfe before we form a judgment on it. And they who
fpeak for: God ought to fpeak with great deliberation and plainnefs.
Thofe who are in great trouble ought to be tenderly, as well as
convincingly, dealt with. And yet a faithful teftimony muft be
borne againft the difhonours which we fee or hear done to God by
even the greateft of faints. In the rage of temptation or difpute,,
or in the depth of trouble, they often fpeak things very unad-
vifedly; and yet their words are apt to be taken in a worfe fenfe
than they meant them. To make us conceive aright of Cxod Is
providence, we muft carefully keep in view his infinite greatnefs,
fovereignty, grace, and' wifdom. And there is great need to keep
our heart with all diligence, that even in our dreams we may enjoy
profitable fellowlhip with, and infWtion from, God; which may
humble our pride, and fecure the falvation of our foul.. For God

«-n. Nor do I intend to eharge thee with hypocrify, but with uttering of felf-
Mifying language, dishonourable to God, as if he had dealt more feverely than wa5

21 His y flefh is confumed away, that ^rT^l'dl
it cannot be feen ; and his bones, that were TpToTTTTpT
^ 102. 3 — 5. OJ 22.
not feen, ftick out. .7-ch.j9.20.
22 Yea, his foul z draweth near unto z S^y^T
the grave, and his life to the deftroyers. \%1\ff1'^
23 If there be a a meffenger with him, ^fff^f
an interpreter, one among a thoufand, to i^Si'S:.
fhew unto man his uprightnefs ;
24. Then he b is gracious unto him, b 5™;^!^
r. ¦ . -^-~ ,- i-i- • J 11. Mat. 20.28. &
and faith, Deliver him from going down 26.28.2cor.s19..
to the pit, I have found * a ranfom.. * 0r «» <*«'•
25 His flefh fliall be frefher + than a ^--w^w.
child's : he fhall K return to the days of his c FiS.^' s' Hof- 2*
youth : dpr. o 1 &
26 d He fhall pray unto God, and he g':yjJJ$[»--
will be favourable unto him ; and he fhall ^.S
fee his face with joy : for he will render
unto man his righteoufnefs.
27 t He looketh upon men ; and if ftny^f^pfZ,
fay, e I have finned, and perverted that e^^PfW.
which was right, and it profited me not; Sfti^iT.^'
28 If He will deliver his foul from going u ^ZZl***.
into the pit, and his life * fliall fee the <$***•«*-*.
light. 29 Lo, all thefe things worketh God
f oftentimes with man,
30 s To bring back his foul from the g";j7..,
pit, to be enlightened with the light of ll%:t\TJ\t
r " r c* 18. & 56. 13. Sc
the living. "2"*'
31 h Mark well, O Job, hearken unto *£¦,?¦ *«¦*"'
me : hold thy peace, and I will fpeak.
32 If thou haft any thing to fay,
1 anfwer me :. fpeak,- for I defire to juftify ^i^™
thee. kK n Proy „
22 If not, fc hearken unto me : hold £«¦«£¦*£.
thy peace, and I fhall teach thee wifdom. s.«.».&m-^-.

*Be prolonged in
profperity and
comfort.
Heb. (if/re and thrket -
John- 5. 17. 8c 8-
iz. Mic. 7. 18, ig*-
. Zech. 9.

at his pleafure makes, the moft fearful changes upon the bodies or
minds of men. But' honourable to God, and profitable to men,
are fanftified troubles., They lead to Jefus and. his word, as our
inftrudors ; to Jefus and his blood,, as our- atonement and ranfom ;
to Jefus and his law, as our way in which we muft walk ; in our
grateful returns for his mercies. They Tender our fins bitter and
heavy, and our deliverances admired, and inftigate. us to invite -
others to fhare of his goodnefs. And often God brings men
through great tribulation to their comforts on earth,, as well as to-
theh glories in heaven.- — Departures from God iffue in ruin, unlefs
he recover us by grace. And fo manifold are his admonitions,
that, if we perifh, our ruin lies at our own door. — The wifer men-
are, they are the more humble and willing to learn ; and the. more.
defirous to be undeceived if they have been miftaken.

juft with thee. 12, 13. Let thy former life be as holy and unhlameable as it will>,
yet thou art certainly culpable in. iuarrd)in^ with the difpenfations of God, who is-

Elihu declares the equity,

O

Before Chrifl
cir. 1520.

¦a Prov

;',c-c

1 Tim,

15. & 14. 20.
-tCh. 12.11. &5. jo.
* Heb. palate.
c Jude. 19. 30.
I Thef. 5. 21. ch.
29. -its.
dCh. 33.9. Sc.cj. 17.
& 10. 7. & 16. 17.

CHAP. XXXIV.
After paufing a while, Elihu proceeds, and (1) Befpeaks
the attention, and even the affiftance, ofthe hearers, in
his attempt to fet Job right; I — 4. (2) He charges
Job with other indecent expreffions dropped in the
heat of his difpute, and which, he infinuates, became
none but a profligate; 5—9. (3) By Jhewing him the
inconteftible juftice; iO, 12, 17, 19, 23: fovereign
dominion; 13—^-15: almighty power; 20, 24: om-
nifcience ; 21, 22, 25: fever ity againft finners;
'20 — 28: and overruling providence of God; 29, 30:
he attempts to convince him that he had fpoken amifs.
(4) After fuggefiing what he ought to fay unto God,
he leaves the matter to Job's own confeience, and con
cludes with a fharp reproof of his peevijhnefs and dif-
content; 31 — 37.
FURTHERMORE, Elihu anfwered
and faid,
2 Hear my words, O ^ ye wife men;
and give ear unto me, ye that have
knowledge. 3 b For the ear trieth words as the
* mouth tafteth meat.
4 Let us c choofe to us judgment : let
us know among ourfelves what is good.
5 For Job hath faid, d I am righteous,
and God hath taken away my judgment.

B. fovereignty, and power, of God.
k men of underftanding: ' far be it from

God, that he fhould do wickednefs ; and

Before Chrift
eir. 1520.

e Ch. 9. 17. Sc 16. 17
— 20. Sc 27. 5, 6.
f Heb. mine arrow.
Ch. 6. 4. cc 16. 13.

gCh. 15.16.&11.3.
¦Sc 12, 2. 8c 16. z,
i..Sc 26. 2, 3,
Prov. 4, 17.
b Ver. 9. ch. 15. 5.
Sc 36. 21. cc 11.3.

iCh.9.22. &30. 26.
with ch. 21. 15. Sc
22. 17. Sc 35. 3.
Mal. 3, 14. Pi. 73.
*3-

lie

againft

my

right

incurable without tranf-

6 Should I
f my wound is
greflion. 7 What man is like Job, whosdrinkefh
up fcorning like water?
8 Who h goeth in company with the
workers of iniquity, and walketh with
wicked men.
9 For he hath faid, ' It profiteth a man
that he fhould delight himfelf

k Heb. mm of htart,
from the Almighty, that he fhould commit ¦oe.risi.'3',Ur'
iniquity. ^Iffttf^
1 1 m For the work of a man fhall he ^V^w-5,
render unto him, and caufe every man to m Pf. fo- 㤠Pror#
find according to his ways. ^"h^m!,?:
12 Yea, n furely God will not do wick- *co7.y£'ipct:
7 J I. I7. R«V. 12. IZ.
edly, neither will the Almighty pervert noer1.r8.25.Exod.
judgment. Wft^&
12 Who ° hath given him a charge '-* °?'Vi'
over the earth? or who hath difpofed ££$"*-.
t the whole world ? tHeb.^./-,-,.
14 p If he fet his heart +upon man, ifm. 104.29.
he gather unto himfelf his fpirit and his * Heb- »/¦•» *™.
breath ;
15 1 All flefh fhall perifh together, and q<^hl?:*££
man fhall turn again unto duft. *j- if- 57-1.
16 If now thou r hafl underftanding,
hear this: hearken to the voice of my
words. 1 7 Shall s even he that hateth right s V*%2'- »• Ge"-
/ m o ib. 25. Rom. 3.5,6.
"govern? and wilt thou condemn him .iuh. tut.
that is moft juft ?
1 8 c Is it ft to fay to a king,
wicked? and to princes, Te are un
godly ?
1 9 .How twjVC/6 /<?/} to him that n accepteth
not the perfons of princes, nor regardeth xch.31.15. ,sam.
the rich more than the poor ? for they all fff^^ff

r I Cor. 10. it. Sc z.
12, 15. 2 Tim. 3.
15— 17. If. 54. 13.
John 6. 45. If, 42,
23.

-r-1 t Exod. 22. 28. Afl«
Utbou art 23.3-j.R01n.1t. 7-
u Dent. 10. 17.
2 Chr. 19. 7. Ails
10. 34. Rom. 2. 11.
Gal. 2. 6. Eph. 6.
9. Col. 3. 25.
I Pet. 1. 17.

nothingwith God

10 Therefore hearken unto me, ye

are * the work of his hands.
20 ^ In a moment fhall they die, and .

moment
the people fhall be troubled at midnight,
and pafs away : and * the mighty fhall
pafs away z without hand

Luke 17. 26—29.
Exod. iz. 19. If.
37. ?6.
Heb. they fhall take
away tht mighty.
z If. 30. ix. Dan. 2*
34, 35. & 8.25.*
11. 20. ch. xviii.

21 a For his

are

of

man,

,i a 2 Chr. 16. g. ch. 31.
the ways 4-?™.- s- «• &
and he feeth all his "goings.

eyes

upon

. Jer. 16. 17-
& 32. 19. Pf. 139.
I— <s.

infinitely fuperior to thee in every refpecl, and accountable to none for his conducl.
14 — 18. Nay, fo dull are men, that, when God takes repeated pains in dreams,
vilions, or the like, to inltruft them effeclually for their humiliation and eternal
falvation, they do not take notice of, or do not underftand, his meaning.
19 — 22. Hence for their awakening to a proper attention he feverely afflicls them,
till they are brought to the very point of death. 23, 24. If then by the inftruclion
of fome faithful minifter, and efpecially by the inftruclion of Jefus Chrift, the un
paralleled Angel and Interpreter of the new covenant, the afflicled man be brought, not
only to difcern the equity of God in afflicling him, but to difcern, and by faith apply,
Jefus' imputed righteoufnefs to himfelf, God intimates to his foul a full and free re
demption through that all-covering atonement. 25,26. In confequence hereof, not
only the man's body and mind recover their wonted health and alacrity, but he is
enabled with boldnefs and fuccefs to pour forth his requefts before God, who allows
him the comfortable fenfe and gracious reward of that righteoufnefs imputed to, or
implanted in, him. 27, 28. While God exadly obferves, the man, all influenced
by cordial gratitude, (hall publicly confefs his finfulnefs of heart and life, and that the
due reward of his deeds has never been rendered unto him; and fliall profefs his full
afi'urance of faith, that God has redeemed him by the mighty price of his Son's blood
and will beftow hi; fulnefs of grace and glory upon him.

Chap. XXXIV. Ver. 2. I appeal to you, O men of fenfe, and I befeech you fe-
rioully to confider what 1 fay. 3. For the mind can judge of the truth or falfehood of
doclrines as well as the mouth can judge of the tafte of food. 4 Let us, without any
paffion or prejudice, thoroughly examine this caufe : 5, 6. For Job has uttered
fome very dangerous expreffions in his own jnftification, as if he could not vindicate
himfelf, without acculing God of unjuft feverity towards him I 7, 8. Did ever a
good man deride, not only his friends, bat even his God, with fuch greedinefs and
delight? Did ever a good man under trouble fpeak and acl fo like the wicked?
10 — 12. It is impoffible that God can deny juftice to any, or puniih without caufe,
or foibcar to reward men according to their deeds, either in this life or in that which
is to come. 1 3 — 17. Without fuppoling him perfectly juft, he could never govern
the world; and men are fo far from being able to give him his charge or diretlions,
that their exiftence and life depend wholly upon his mere good pleafure and bounty.
18, 19. If it be improper rudely to charge earthly princes with wickednefs and im
piety, how daring is it to accufe him, who formed all mankind equally fubjecl to his
power and pleafure, and therefore regards the greatell no more than the leaft, and can
never do any thing unjuft, to gain their favour, or to avoid their anger. 20. At
his pleafure wlyle nations, ,in their midnight fecurity, are in a terrible manner, by
earthquakes, oi- thc like, hurried into eternity; andthe mightieft princes or warriors
' are, by his immediate influence, difplaced from their ftation or deprived of their.life.

Elihu accufes Job of

CHAP. XXXIV. XXXV.

ignorance and prefumption.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
k Ch. 3. 5. Pf. 139.
Ii. Heb. 4. 13.
Amos 9. 2, 3.
c Jer. 12. I. Dan. 9.
7—9. Ezra 9. 13.
Lam. 3. 39. Pf.
119. 137.

i\H-.z.t).Scjt.J.Sz . 113. 7, 8. Dan. z.
ii, «¦
f Heb. without
fiarchmg oac.
c ?f. 50. 21. Amos
8.7,
f Ver. 20. I Thef. 5.
.3. Pi. 73. 19, 20.
%Eeb. cubed.

E Heb. in the flats of
beholders. Pf. 58.
jo. Sc 48. 4 — 3.
Exod. 14. 3'.-. If.
60.14. Rev. xviii.
hDeut. 11. If). Pf.
40. 4. SC I2y. 5. &
78.41. Jer. 11. 10.
Wrie-Q. from after him.
i Pf. 28. ;. If. 5. 12.
Sc 1. 1. Sc 42. 25.
k Jam. 5. 4, 3. Exod.
2. 13,24. Sc 3. 7,9.
Pf. 12. 5. Sc 34. 6.
I 2 Sam. 7. I. If. 26.
3. & 32. 17. & 14.
3, 4. Rom. 8. 3.
,«i Pf. 30. 7. Sc 27, g,
ch. 23. 8, 9.

» Ver. 24. Pf. u. 8.
Pro*-. 20. 2, j', 8,
J2. Hor 5. ii.
Mic. 6. 10.
»Lev. 26. 41. Pf. 39.
9. Jer. 31.19. Dan.
9. 7. Mic. 7. 9.
jer, 3. 13, 14.
P Pf. 19. 12. & 119.
27. 1 Cor. 13. 12.
ch.42.4— 6. &40.
4.5-

22 There is h no darknefs, nor fhadow
of death, where the workers of iniquity
may hide themfelves.
23 For c he will not lay upon man
more than right, that he fhould enter
into judgment with God.
24 He fhall d break in pieces mighty
men without + number, and fet others in
their ftead.
2 5 Therefore he e knoweth their works,
and he overturneth them f in the night,
fo that they are + deftroyed.
26 He ftriketh them as wicked men
s in the open fight of others ;
2 7 Becaufe they h turned back " from
him, and would not ' confider any of his
ways :
28 So k that they caufe the cry of the
poor to come unto him, and he heareth
the cry of the afflicted.
29 'When he giveth
then can make trouble ?
hideth his face, who then can behold
him ? whether it be done againft a nation,
or againft a man only :
30 " That the hypocrite reign not, left
the people be enfnared.
31 Surely °it is meet to be faid unto
God, I have borne chafifement, I will not
offend any more.
32 p That which I fee not teach thou

quietnefs, who
and, m when he

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIV. — Mutual affiftance is
neceffary in fearching out truth, or convincing the miftaken. But
often good men, in the heat of their fpirit, fpeak worfe than they
mean ; and reproach both themfelves and their God, in fpeakino-
or a&ing like the profane world. Juft views of God's perfections
are requifite, to prevent our linful freedoms with him, or to render
us penitent for them. The eye of God conftantly obferves our
hearts and ways. How foolifh is it then to hide our fin ! Rejec
tion of his warnings, and obftinate difregard of his will, fill up
men's iniquity. And they who will not be guided by his word
fliall be fmitten with his rod of judgment : and quickly will he re-
fent the groans of the poor and oppreiTed, and redrefs their griev
ances. What God gives to nations or perfons none but himfelf
can take from them. If a foul enjoy a fenfe of his favour, through
faith in Jefus,- no accufations of fin, nor fears of-death or hell, can
any longer difturb him. And when God is our enemy the whole

21. His omnifcient eyes difcern enough in men for which he may juftly punifh them.
25. He takes a full and ex.'.dl account of their works; and, becaufe they are wicked,
he rolls a night of deftrudlive vengeance upon them; and they are bruited, as in a
mortar, under the weight of it. a6. He fudden!; , and with fhame, hides away
thefe eminent ones in the open view of unnumbered fpedlators, 27. Becaufe of
their manifeft apoftafy from, and obftinate rebellion againft, him: 28. That he
may encourage mean pcrfons to apply to him lor relief; and may gracioufly hear the
plaintive cries of the poor and arllicled. 29. And. if he give deliverance, reft,
and comfort, none can make trouble. If he withhold Ivs favourable fmiles none can
Vol. I.

Ecfore Chrift
cir. 1520.

* I*b. Shoultl i; bi
fro n with Ihcc ':
lAmos 3. 2. PI. Sy.
3.— '.2. Mat. if
It. Di'!. + 34,3J.
Pf. 155. 6.

me ; if I have done iniquity I will do no
more. 22 * Should it be according to thy mind ?
he 1 will recompenfe it, whether thou
refufe or whether thou choofe ; and not
I : therefore fpeak what thou knoweft.
34 Let, men r of Underftanding tell '%£""• Ver'
me, and let a wife man hearken unto '
me. 25 Job hath fpoken 5 without know- '?hi?sjk**J£
ledge, and his words were without wif
dom. /-t-Rir l r ' 7 T1 1 . - t Or My father, kt
36 ' My defire is that Job may be tried ?ff";;f G-£
unto the end, becaufe of u his anfwers for sfi-<>i-&,»9-2i.
. , , 11 Ch. xii. xxi. xxii'.
wicked men.
2f For he addeth rebellion unto his fin,
he x clappeth his hands amongft us, and s. pr.47. ¦.
y multiplieth his words againft God.
CHAP. XXXV.
Convinced that Elihu' s charges were in the main too
juft, or at leaft that he meant well, Job continues
filent, and Elihu proceeds to fix upon him a humbling
conviclion and refutation of his hard fpeeches. -~{ 1 )
That he had reprefented religion as unprofitable ;
whereas, though men's fins cannot hurt nor their
righteoufnefs profit God, yet they certainly do hurt or
profit themfelves or other men ; 1—8. (2) That he
had complained of God as deaf to the cries ofthe op
preffed; whereas it is their own negled of, or eoldnefs
or infinccrity in, their prayers, their overlooking of
mercies, and unhumbled temper under their trouble,
that occafion it; 9 — 13. (3) That, on account of
delay, he had defpaired of the reftoration of God's

35. 2, 3. ver. 5-

world cannot protect us. Let wicked men crouch as they will,
and profefs as they will, in order to obtain power, he can eafily
difappoint them in mercy to mankind. The more perfons are
humbled for fin, the lefs they will complain of their fufferings ; but,
confcious of the depth of iniquity in their heart, and the fpread of
it in their life, will fearch out the caufe, and turn from it to God.
Humble confeffions of our ignorance and crimes, earneft fupplica
tions for neceffary inftruftions and fupplies of grace, and holy refo-
lutions to walk in his way, are neceffary in all our dealings with.
God. To ftruggle with him, who beft knows how to manage us
and does all things well, is at once extremely foolifh and criminal.
But, alas, how often the beft of men, when left to their own paf
fions, under heavy troubles, pra£tically take part with God's ene
mies, infult his friends, and obftinately murmur againft himfelf!
And it is then a diftinguifhed kindnefs faithfully to reprove them,
and to help them to fee and be affected with their offence.

procure help from him. 30. He alfo punifhes wicked men, that their infolence
may be controlled, and that their fubjecl:, may not be encouraged to imitate their
impieties, or be perpetually held in the fetters of tyranny and oppreffions.
31, 3:. Inftead of quarrelling with God's afflictive providences, we ihould kindly
lubmic to them, and, with holy refolution to avoid it, befeech him to difcover to us
the finful caufe of them, however f.cr.-t. 33. H.is not God inflicled thefe trou
bles upon thee, as a part of thy due reward, becaufe thou haft grievoufly murmured
againft him! Since thou halt chofen what I never would, d:c!are plainly tliv reafon .
for it.
5F

'Elihu reproves Job for Jlnful felf-jujllfication ; J O B

Before Chrift
cir- 1520.

19.
bch.

«5- 17-
17. a.

% 19.

pi. 73. 1;. Pvov.
28.13- i- 55- 7-
*t)r by it ,wc ffcaw
£y my fin.

f Heb. Jwal/ rrfurn io
i/jet; words.

A Pf. 8, 3,4. ch. %%.
11. & 15. 2 — 6.
pan. 4. 25,

e Jer. 7. Tg. ver. 8.
with Pf. 51. 4.

fCh.22. 3. Pf. 16.2,
3. Rom. 11. 35.
1 Chr. 29. 14.
Prov. 9. 12.

c What advantage
and, What profit
cleanfed from my

gEecI. 9. 18. Jofh.
22. 18,20. Gen.lS.
18. Pf. 106.23,30.
Gen. 18. 24 — 32.
Ezek. 22. 30.
1 Tim. 4. 8. Tit.
3. 8, 14.
Jl Ch. 24. 12. Luke
18.7. Pf. 12. 5. &
43.2.&5S.2, 3,
9, 10. & 57. 4. Sc
56. 1, 2.
i Hof. 7. 14. ch. 36.
13. Luke 17. 17. mi£
k Makers. If. 34. 5.
Ecci. 12. 1. Gen.
I. 26.
lPf.42.8.&H9.6*. & 149. 5. Acts
16. 25.
*n Ch. 32. 8. Gen. 2.
7. 1 John 5 20.
with If. 1. 3, 4.
•Jer. 8. 7-9.

favour in life ; whereas God delayed it for wife ends,
and to punifh his finful diftruft ; 14, 15, 16.
LIHU fpake moreover, and faid,
2 a Thinkeft thou this to be right,
that thou faidft, b My righteoufnefs is
more than God's ?
3 For thou faidft,
will it be unto thee ?
fhall I have * if I be
fin ?
4+1 will anfwer thee, and thy com
panions with thee.
5 d Look unto the heavens ; and fee,
and behold the clouds which are higher
than thou.
6 If thou finneft, what doft thou
e againft him ? or, if thy tranfgreflions
be multiplied, what doft thou unto him ?
7 f If thou be righteous, what giveft
thou him ? or what receiveth he of thine
hand ?
8 Thy wickednefs may. hurt g aman as
thou art, and thy righteoufnefs may profit
the fon of man.
9 h By reafon of the multitude of op-
preffions they make the oppreffed to cry :
they cry out by reafon of the arm of the

and advifes him to trufi patiently in God.
12 There "they cry, but none giveth
anfwer, becaufe of the pride of evil men.
1 2 Surely God will not hear ° vanity,
neither will the Almighty regard it.
14 Although thou fayeft p th6u fhalt
not fee him, q yet judgment is before
him ; therefore truft thou in him.
-n , r ¦ ¦ r- +, q PI- 37- 6. If. 30. 18.
15 But now, r becaufe// is not fo, +he u^'fj^l
hath vifited in his anger ; yet H he know
eth /'/ not in .s great extremity:
1 6 Therefore doth Job ' open his mouth
in vain ; he multiplieth words without

Be'ore Chrift
cir. 1520.
11 Ch. z;.t). Prov. I.
28. & 15. 29. II. 1.
15. Jer. 11. ij.
John 9. 31.
o.Prov. 15. 8. & 21.
27. &2S.9. Eccl.
5. 2.Pf.4,6. Jam.
4- 3-
p Ch. 9. 11. Sc 23.

62. s, 8.
r Pf. 37. 5, 7. Mic.
7. 9. Nam. 20. 12*
Zeph 3. 2.
t God.
II Job. 'V
s Pf.'88. 16. ch. 4.
3, 4, 20. Sc xxx.
tCh. 34. 35,37. &
33.8— I2.&-J4.S,
6. ver. 3. ch. 42.5.
& 40. 4, 5.

_hty. 1 o But 1 none faith , Where is God my
k maker, l who giveth fongs in the night ;
11 Who m teacheth us more than the
beafts of the earth, and maketh us wifer
than the fowls of heaven ?

Reflections upon Chap. XXXV. — There is great need to
be well rooted in the knowledge and faith of God's infinite great-
nefs_ and fovereignty, in order to prevent many fatal miftakes
in principle or practice. We can never make him our debtor.
The beft we do is unworthy of his notice ; and the worft he dif-
penfes to us is lefs thari our iniquities deferve. Whatever trouble
now attends his fervice, it will appear infinitely profitable at laft.
But many groan under their troubles, who never fhew any humi
liation for fin or defire after God. Yet irreligious poverty and
fuffering is, of all human miferies on earth, one ofthe moft de
plorable. It cannot be expected that fuch men's felftlri prayers,
without any regard to God or the good of their foul, fhould iffue
in help from him. While they are infenfible of the moft diftin
guifhing mercies they enjoy, they cannot reafonably expedl delL

Chap. XXXV. Ver. 9 — 13. Many, under terrible troubles and inhuman oppreflions,
cry to God for relief, and for vengeance on their opprefibrs: but, as their prayers are
mingled with no faith in God, or kind fenfe of his goodnefs, but merely forced from
them by the preffure of their diftrefs, and the haughty violence of their oppreft'ors,
God pays no regard to them. 14, 15. Therefore, although thou complained that he
hath not, and defpaireft that he will ever appear- for thy relief, yet he ftill attends to
wifdom and ecjuity in every difpenfation; therefore do thou patiently wait and car-

knowledge. CHAP. XXXVI.
Elihu, having reproved Job's paffionate fpeeches, now
endeavours lo engage him to a patient fubmiffion ; the
want of which, and not his hypocrify, as his other
friends fuggefted, had prolonged his ajfiiilions. Here
is ( I ) His preface, begging attention, as his caufe
was good, his hints uncommon, his defign honeft, and
his management upright; I — 4. (2) His account
of the different methods of God's providence towards
men, as they behave themfelves well or ill; 5 — 15.
(3) His warnings and counfels to Job how to for-
t-j.ard his deliverance ; 16 — 21. (4) His demonftra-
tion of God's fovereignty and omnipotence in a va
riety of inftances in common providence ; on account
of which we ought always to adore and fubmit to him;
ELIHU alfq proceeded, and faid,
2 a Suffer me a little, and I will a«-'";
fhew thee * that / have yet to fpeak on
God's behalf.
q I will b fetch my knowledge from

* Heb. that there are
yet wurds far Gcd.

afar, and will c afcribe righteoufnefs to
my Maker. l

b 2 Cof. 3. f ch. 3J,
8, 18. ver. 24 — 33.
ch. xxxvii.
c Dent. 32. 4. Rev.
15. 3. Dan. 9. 7.
Pf.ll. 7. & 145.17.

verance from the evils they feel, or the experience of thofe divine
joys which overbalance every forrow and pain. While our unJ
humbled hearts only murmur and groan under our troubles, it is a
mercy to be denied the removal of them. But, when God cor
rects his faints feverely for their humiliation, Satan is ever ready-
to drive them to defpair. The greatnefs of their fufferings makes
them to overlook their unbelief, impatience, and rafhnefs ; by
which means they lofe the comforts, and defer the removal, of
them. It is only ftrong faith in God that can guide us aright
through temptations and trouble. Defpair of relief is as high a
reflection upon his power and grace as impatience is on his good
nefs and wifdom. And, if our troubles are not removed, but in
creafed, it becomes us to look well if we have not provoked-God
by our infolent behaviour under them.

neftly look for him; and remember that it is becaufe there is nothing of this in thy
carriage that God has thus feverely afflidled thee; and becaufe of thy exqefiive pride
he quite difregards thy former profperity, and overlooks thy prefent exiremity of
trouble. 16. And it is owing to thy ignorance, or thoughtleffnefs of this, that Co
many foolifli and wicked words have proceeded out of thy mouth.
Chap. XXXVI. Ver. a. Patiently permit me to inform thee a little further, for-

TLlihu fhews that God' 's

CHAP. XXXVI.

providence fuit s men's conducl.

Before Chrift
cir. IJ20.
d 2 Cor. 2. 17. Col.
3-9-
e Ch. 37. 16. or
I Cor. 2. 10, 12.
with Prov. 25. 14.

4 For d truly my words fhall not be
falfe : he that is e perfect in knowledge
is with thee.
5 Behold, God is mighty ,\and f de-
W'iV^zl: fpifeth not any: he is s mighty in ftrength
and "•" wifdom.
6 He h preferveth not the life of the
wicked ; but ' giveth right to the + poor.
7 k He withdraweth not his eyes from
the righteous : but with kings are l they
on the throne ; yea, he doth eftablifh
kpr. u. 15& 3;. them .for ever, and they are exalted.
l8.&ll.7.2Chr. ' J
,6.9-z=ph-3-i7- 8 And, if m they be bound in " fet-
''y.Toe'n.V^ ters, and be holden in cords of affliclion,
44. Efth. ii. viii.
m Pf. 107. 10, 17. Sc
116. 3- Sc 18. 4,5

fCh. 138.
ic 72. 12—14,
»Ch.|9. 4. & 12.13,
16. & 37- »3- Pi-
99. 4. Sc 147. 5.
f Heb. heart.
h2Pet.2. 9. Pf. 55,
23. Sc 104. 35.
IPC 9.4,9.4c 71. 2,
4, 12—14-
X Or afflilicd.

9 Then n he fheweth them their work,
Lam.^-'Hoti: and their tranfgreflions* that they have

n2chr.33.11.Luke is. 16—19. pi.
119. 07, 71.

exceeded.

10

He >° openeth alfo their ear to dif-
0 Att's'i&i^Ho'i;' cipline, and commandeth that they re-
.. 6,7,14- turn from iniquity.
9 ^Vc^i-^o 11 p If they obey and ferve him, they
TsVieefX'tV' fhall fpend their days in profperity and
q De^26s \4 -ol' tneir years in pleafures.
a£.i£^': 12 But, iif they obey not, « they fhall
n web. th,y /han ^r, perifh by the fword, and they fhall die
away by the fword. x . - J *
rir.„.,4.Rom.2. without knowledge.
5. 2 Chr. 28. 13,
22. ch. 15. 4.
• Heb. Their foul
dieth.
S Ch. 15 32. & 22.
16. Pf. 55- JI-
t Or Sodomites.
Rom. 1. 27s
H Pf. 12. e. Sc 22. 24.
& 72. 4, 12—14.
t Or afflicted.
X Ver. 10. Hof. 2. 6,
14. Luke 15. 16—
19.

13 But the hypocrites in heart r heap
up wrath : they cry not when he bindeth
them. 14 * They die s in youth, and their
life is among the ' unclean.
15 He ™ delivereth the + poor in his
affliction, and x openeth their ears in
oppreffion.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
yPf. 40. 1— 3. & 18.
ly. Cc 31.7, 8. ch.
19. 8, with 42. 10
—17.
z Heb. the rrjl of thy
table. Pf. 23. '5. Sc
36. 8. ch. 42. 12.
a Ch. 34. 8, 36. Rev.
18. 4. Prov. 13. 20.
Amos 3. 2.
J Or iud"-rei>l and
Jitji.e jhould
ufhdd tiiee.
bPf.2.i2.Zcch.s.i3.c Pf. 49. 7, 8. Sc 89.
48. Eccl. 8 S.
Mat. 16 26. Luke
12.20. Heb. 10. 16
—29.
II Heb. turn thee afide.
d Prov. 10. 2. & 1 r.
4. Pf. 33. 16, 17.
It 37. 36.
e Ch. 3.20,21. & 6.
9. Scj. 15, 16. Jer.
17. 16.

1 6 y Even fo would he have removed
thee out of the ftrait into a broad place,
where there is no ftraitnefs ; and z that
which fhould be fet on thy table jhould be
full of fatnefs.
1 7 But thou haft a fulfilled the judg
ment ofthe wicked: + judgment and juf
tice take hold on thee.
18 b Becaufe there is wrath, beware
left he take thee away with his ftroke ;
then c a great rarifom cannot " deliver
thee. 19 Will he efteem d thy riches? no,
not gold, nor all the forces of ftrength.
20 e Defire not the night when people
are cut off in their place.
21 f Take heed, regard not iniquity:
for s this haft thou chofen rather than
affliction. 22 Behold, Godhexaltethbyhis power:
who teacheth like him ?
23 * Who hath enjoined him his way ?
or k who can fay,' Thou haft wrought k.ch.8.3.&34.,o.
• > " Deut. vl. 4. 2. Chr,
iniquity: i9.7. R0m.9. M.
24 Remember that thou ' magnify his
work, which men behold.
25 ra Every man may fee it ; man may
behold it afar off.
26. Behold, n God is great, and we
know him not, neither ° can the number
of his years be fearched out.
27 For he p maketh fmall the drops of
water : they pour down rain according
to the vapour thereof:

f Pf. 66. 18. EzeE.
14. 4—8. Mat. 5.
29, 30.
gCh. 33.8,9.* 34.
5,6.&3S. 3. PI'.
66. IS.
hPf. 18. 18, 19. &
40. 1—3. Sc 113.
7, 8. If. 48. 17.
i If. 40. 13, 14. Rom.
11. 34. 1 Cor. 2.
16. ch. 34. 13.

19. 7. tcom. 9. 14.
I John 1.5. Sc 3. 5.
I Rev. 15. 3, a. Pf.
86. 8,10. & 72. 18.
&92. 5. Sc 104.24.
mPf. 19. i — 6. Rom.
1. 19, 20. AfXs 14.
17. Sc 17. 25.
niKin. 8.27. ch.ir.
7. Sc 26. 14. Pf.
147- 5- ch- 37- 5-
1 Cor. 13. 12.
o Pf. 90. z. Sc 102.
24,27. Heb. 1. 12.
2P«. 3.8.
pPf. 147. 8. & 65. 9,
10. Sc 0S.gc8c 135.
. 7. Amos 5. 8. ch.
38. 22 — 29.

I have yet fomething more to fpeak on God's behalf. 3. While I treat of
diftant matters, and fetch my arguments from the infpiration of God's Spirit,
or from his wonderful works, I will maintain the juftice of God in all his pro
ceedings, and give him the glory thereof. 4. And aflure thyfelf I will not
attempt to baffle thee with fophiftical arguments; but, as I have thoroughly ftu
died the point, I will make ufe of no feafming but what is fincere and folid.
5. Behold, fuch is the infinite power and wifdom of God, that he never defpifes
any, however mean ! 6. He will beftow no folid happinefs upon wicked men, but
will do juftice to the humble, poor, and afnicled. 7. He never ceafes his fpecial
care of the righteous; but fometimes advances them, however poor, to the higheft
ftations; and continues, eftablifhes, and exalts, them therein. ii — 10, Or, if they
he brought into and fixed in fore troubles, he by that means makes them to confider
their ways, difcern their finfulnefs, and turn from it to himfelf. 11. If their af
flictions effeft their reformation to piety and virtue, great and manifold fliall be
the bleffings and comforts beftowed upon them here and hereafter. 12. But, if,
notwithftanding their troubles, they continue obftinate in wickednefs, they Ihall be
cut oft" by fome fearful calamity, and Ihall perifh in their ignorance, folly, and fin.
13,14. Thus hypocrites heap, up treafures of wrath for themfelves; they neglecl to
implore God's help and deliverance in- their troubles; therefore their life is early cut
off, in a fearful ftorm of his wrath, by fome exemplary judgment in death; and
through eternity he reckons them with, and punilhes them as, the curfed and abomi
nable. 15. Eut he delivers the poor and humble in their affliclion, and teaches
them to know and praclife their duty under it. 16. And, hadft thou behaved thy
felf aright under thy preffures, he would even now havi delivered thee from thy preff.
iug and tormenting troubles into a Hate of freedom and affluence, in which there

fhould be nothing to ftraiten thee; and that which fell from heaven upon thy table
fhould be full of fatnefs. 17. But thou haft earneftly pleaded the caufe *of the
wicked, and juftified their reproachful murmurings againft the providence of God ;
therefore his juft indignation has already feized thee, and holds thee -faft in bonds of
fearful affli£tion. 18, 19. Since he is manifefting his hot difpleafure againft
thee, take heed left he cut thee off without remedy; and then no ranfom, however
great, can redeem thy life again; nor will all the united power and virtue in the world
be able to deliver thee if God refolve to deftroy thee. 20. Never wifh for a period
of awful judgments, in which multitudes of men are often deftroyed amidft all their
comforts and enjoyments. 21. Never give way to finning, particularly to rafh and
intemperate fpeeches concerning God's providential procedure. Thus ihalt thou bri
chofen in, and plucked out of, the furnace of affliclion. But alas! hitherto thou
haft preferred rafh cenfuring of God's ways to a. patient bearing of thy affliclions.
22. It is God alone who can effectually deliver and e-:alt men; and none can caft
down, fcourgc, inftrucl, or govern, like him. Pretend not therefore to dirccl him.
23. None hath directed him how to govern the world, or can call him to account for
his management. None can charge him with any thing unjuft or imprudent. Never
therefore raihly complain of^hiru. 24. Inftead of cenfuring, always admire and
fpeak honourably of his works of creation and providence, which men cheerfully be
hold, and fhould cordially celebrate. 25. There are fcarcely any fo ignorant but
they muft obferve thefe, and acknowledge his, greatnefs and excellency in them.
26. Behold, fuch is the unbounded perfection of God, that we can never comprehend
it; and fuch his eternal duration, that we cannot fearch it out. How unfit are wa
then to judge of and cenfure his conducl ? 27, 28. It is he who exhales from the
fea, and forms the drops of rain which fall from the clouds. 29. Hjw incomp-.e-

5F2

Elihu reprefents the marvellous

O B.

works of God.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

28 Which the clouds do drop and diilil
qpi.104.2,3. iKin. upon man abundantly.
id. tc'iti. 9. 29 Alfo can any underftand the q fpread-
' \fu'%Al%. ings of the clouds, or the r noife of his
5cM7&Jp^'tabernacle? j8.2sam.2j-4- ^o Behold, he fpreadeth his 'light
t Ch. 38. 8—10. -' , . 1 =-•¦ 1 1 - ° r
ir. u. 9. upon it, and 'covereth the bottom of
* Heb. the roots.
u Ch. 37. 13. & 38,
23. Judg. 5. 20.

the fea.

jsa-ra.2- ,-o.&7. 3 l For by them. u judgeth he the people:
10. cen. i9. 24. kg x giygth meat in abundance.
XAasi4.i7 ^2 With ? clouds he covereth the light ;
y l^.f^la^. and commandeth it not to fihine by the
am 27. 20. c/0^that cometh betwixt.
Z Ver. 29. 1 Kin. 18. #
»i.^''je?:ra.'i* 33 The z noife thereof fheweth con-
t neb ^t which ceming it, the cattle alfo concernino; + the
ipsth up. O ' O
vapour. C H A P. XXXVII.
Is a continuation ofthe former. Here Elihu, perhaps
alarmed with the thundering cloud in which God was
juft about to appear, ( I ) Extols the wonderful power
of God in the formation and management of thunder
and lightning, froft and finow, rains and wind; infi-
nuating that, if we take the weather as God forms it,
we fhould do the fame with refpecl to our lot; I— 13.
(2) To convince Job how incapable he was of judging
as to the myfterious procedure of providence, he chal
lenges him to explain a few common appearances
relative to light, clouds, warmth, wind, andfiky, juft
before his eyes; 14 — 22. (3) He concludes fum
ing up ivhat he had proved, viz. the tremendous

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVI. — Plain and important
fpeeches for God deferve the moll fixed attention. Faithful fouls
are always zealous to vindicate God's difpenfations from men's
foolifli and finful afperfions ; and truth and fimplicity of fpeech
always become fuch as profefs themfelves teachers of God's good
ways. It is proper that we fliould always retain exalted thoughts
of God : that he thinks none below his notice, however mean ;
countenances none of the wicked, however great ; is always ready
to redrefs the injured ; takes a peculiar pleafure to protect thofe
that are good ; and brings fpecial ruin on hypocrites, as the trea
cherous enemies of his government. If God exalt me to honour,
let me exert myfelf for the welfare of mankind, and prepare for
giving my account to him. If he afflict me, let me thankfully
believe it done to difcover my paft fins, and to difpofe me to re
ceive his fandiifying inftru&ions ; fully perfuaded that deliverance
¦and comfort fliall appear whenever his merciful end is gained. If
my deliverance be delayed, my continued fin is the caufe. But, if

A

greatnefs, unfearchable excellency, power, wifdom, Be(°re Chri«
and juftice, of God, as a reafon for men's fearing '
him; 23,24. ,ch.g,.tti«.
T this alfo my heart a trembleth, "s^jer^.w
and is moved out of his place. * Heb. mar m
2 * Hear -attentively the b noife of his bc7.'3ti.sc4c. .
voice, and the found that goeth out of {%$.%?:?
. . ,, ° Exod. 19. 16.
his mouth.
¦2 He c dire£r.eth it under the whole cU?- h-v- pr.77.
....... 18. & 97. 4.
heaven, and his t lightning unto the rHeb./^;.
+ ends ofthe earth. t^,-hwi"i"i'lir
4 After it a voice roareth : he thunder -
eth with the voice of his excellency ; and
he will not ftay d them when his voice is d cf^-™;^
... 3»- 22—27.
heard. cPfig _t
5 God e thundereth marvelloufly with 2'- *-9-
his voice ; f great things doth he, which ch.y,9^'^.
' O O ' 19. & 72. 18.
we cannot comprehend. „ g Pr. ,47. ,S_I7.
6 For « he faith to the fnow, Be thou £$sV£-lu
on fhe earth ; U likewife to, the fmall rain, '' ^^l^
and to the great rain of his ftrength. 'rZ'ofu'fielgth.
7 He h fealeth up the hand of every h Jffiiff^ "¦
man, that all men may 'know his iPf.m.2.Rom.i.
•' 19, ao. Pf. 19. a.
work. fcpf.104.22.
8 Then the beafts k go into dens, and • Heb.o*./**.
, _ ° chamber. ,
remain in their places. nf.«.,.z«ii.o.
0 * Out of the fouth cometh the I4'
7 iii r m H faltering
1 whirlwind; and cold out ofthe m north. ™ds- Prov-4s-

I am not bettered by his rod, let me fear, left my ftupidity and
diffimulation fliould iffue in the fuffering of his everlafting ven
geance. In affliction let me never be fecure, or make light of his
ftroke. Let me never hope to find out ways of my own to with
ftand or avoid it. Let me never dare to perfevere in felf-vindica-
tion or quarrelling with God ; — never dare to prefcribe to him,
who is an abfolute fovereign, an incomparable teacher, and un-
exceptionably juft in all his procedure; and with whom neither
riches can bribe nor darknefs conceal. In the glory of his works
let me difcern the perfections of his nature. If he make the clouds
fountains to the lower world, and vails to the upper, let me view
every thing formed in them, rain, hail, fnow,' or thunder, as his
workmanfhip. And, while I am here, let me live by faith, not
by fight. Whom, having not feen, let me love ; and in whom,
though now I fee him not, let me rejoice with joy unfpeakable
and full of glory.

Iienfible are his fpreadings of the thick clouds all along the face of the heavens, and
the craihing thunder of his cloudy refidence? 30. How marvelloufly he extends the
flaihing lightning all over the iky, makes it penetrate to the bottom of, or vails it
with the rainy waters exhaled from, the fea! 31. By fuch rains, thunder, and
lightning, he puniflies wicked men for their fins ; and, by rendering the earth fruit
ful, makes liberal and magnificent provifion for his creatures. 32. By his hollow
clouds he conceals the thundering flafti as well as the bright and fcorching fun; and
reftrains it by their intcrpofing influence. 33. Its craihing noife informs concerning
it : ac a red flaming treafure of wrath, it haiv;s over fhe proud ; or the noife of the
clouds, as well as the motions of animals, portends the approach ofthe rain formed of
vapours exhaled from the fea by the fun.
Chap. XXXVII. Jaft now my heart trembles, and is like tu ftart; out of its

place, at the thought or Searing of the terrible thunder. 2. Hear attentively the
roaring noife of Jehovah's voice, and the breathing murmur that proceeds from his
lips. .3. By his providence he guides the forcible and ftraight darting ofthe thun
derbolts along the whole extent of the iky, and makes the blaze of lightning to fly over
the confines of the earth. 4. After the blazing fla/h of lightning thc noife roars.
He'thunders with the voice of his Majefty : nor will he reftrain the ftorm and rain
when the roaring of his thunder is heard. 5. By thundering the mighty God pro
duces many marvellous etfecls : he does many things in nature which we cannot com
prehend. 6. At his command- the fnow falls, as alfo the gentle (bowers and the
deluging rains, the impetuous mowers and tempefttious ftorms. 7. By the winter
ftorm he reftrains men from labour, and keeps them within doors, that they may have
opportunity to confider his works. 8. The very wild beafts are obliged to flint up
themfelves in their thickets and dens. 9. The whirlwind is generated in the moil*

Elihu, with reverential 'dread, extols CHAP. XXXVII. the power and wifdom, &c. of God.
If a man fpeak, furely c he fhall be fwal- ^g*
lowed up.

cir°reis.2o. 10 By " the breath of God froft is
Bpr.i8.i5.&,47. given ; and the breadth of the waters is
16, 17. ch. 38. 29. y . .
ftraitened.
^os'9fjo-'2S'Pr' 11 Alfo by "watering he wearieth
pK4h'& the triick cloud; he p fcattereth this
z=ch.io... bright cloud:
i Heb. the cloud of his a 1 • • -, , , ,
'**'• 1 2 And it is 1 turned round about by
'g&Jo^SJ: his counfels ; that they may do what-
6i'}^,"a *" f°ever he commandeth them upon the
face of the world in the earth.
'MSiS? 13 He '' caufeth it to come, whether
'zVitzfztem. for + correction, or for his land, or for
21. 10. 1 Kin. 18. 7
«. Mat. 5. 4s- mercy.
Acts 14. 17. J
tHeb.arxi. 14 Hearken unto this, OJob: 5 ftand
5 pr. in. 2. ch. 36. ftill} and confider the wondrous works of
God.
t If. 40. 13, 14. Rom.
J 1. 34. 1 Cor. 2.
1. p. ii9. 90. p0fej ^em, and caufed the light of his
cloud to fhine ?
"J&WhS . l6 Doft thou know " the balance-
26 8' ings of the clouds, the wondrous works
"sf'i's™.4*^47- of him who is x perfect in know
ledge ?
y?$ei'z%r9- 17 7 How thy garments are warm
when he quieteth the earth by the fouth
wind?
1 Ch. 9. 8. If. 44. 24.
Gen. 1. 6. ch. 9. 8.
F1.150.1.&J9.1. fae fky^ which is ftrong, and as a molten

15' Doft thou know when God dif-

1 8 Haft thou with him * fpread out
e iky, which
looking- glafs ?

*o &*

1 9 a Teach us what we fhall fay unto
bProv.3o.j,4.pr. him ; for b we cannot order our fpeech by
•72. IT. 12. F,rc,. • -*'--- _ ¦'¦* J

aCh. 13. j, 6. &
12. 3

3?i8.'cM8.Lc& reafon of darknefs
42.3.

20 Shall it be told him that I fpeak

cCh. 11.7.&26. 14,
21 And now men d fee not the bright Aff'f 'l'}'
O d Ch. $6.32. & zo. q.
light which is in the clouds: but the lCo,'-,3-9.
wind paffeth, and cleanfeth them.
22 II Fair weather cometh eout of the »He6G'H-
north : with God is f terrible majefty.

e Prov. 25. 23.
f Deut. 4. 24. Sc 28.

23 Touching the Almighty, s we cannot

find him out : he is h excellent in power, ^Cff^,
and in judgment, and in plenty of juftice : 6l6' ™-iS-10-
1 i -ii j. ra-r, ir j j hch.9.4.&i2. 13,
he ' will not affhcT:. ^ & 36. s. pi.
147. 5.
24 Men do therefore k fear him: he ; Lam. ,. n, J9. k
1 refpefteth not any that are wife ofk^t8'9
heart.

CHAP. XXXVIII.
As all parties had been deftring that God would appear'
to decide the controverfy, now he fipeaks ; and, taking
up the thread of Elihu' s difcourfe, in order to convince
Job of his comparative ignorance and weaknefs, aw
fully calls .him to anfwer his queftions ; I, 2, 3. (1)
Concerning the earth, in the forming and founding of
it; 4, 7. (2) Concerning the fea, and its limitations ;
8 — 11. (3) Concerning the making, management,
motion, and influence, of the morning light ; 1 2 — 15.
(4) Concerning the fountains and dark receffes of the
fea and earth; 16 — 21. (5) Concerning the wa
ters in the clouds, andthe direclion of them; and con
cerning the production of rain, fnow, hail, thunder,,
lightnings, and froft, by means of them ; 22 — 30, 34
— 38. (6) Concerning the direclion and influences
of the ftars; 31,32,33. (7) Concerning the form
ation of fouls in men, and inftinils in beafts ; 36.
( 8 ) Concerning the provifion made for beafts and
birds, particularly lions and ravens ; 39, 40, 41.
And, if he appeared ignorant of, or incapable to ail.
in, thefe common things, how could he prefume to judge
of the deep myfteries of God's government ?

: Mat. 10. 28. Jer.
5. 22.
lEccI.Q.ii.Mat.ir. zc. II. 5,21. Prov*
zi. 11.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVII. — Ohow much of God
is to be feen in the works of nature, in the forms of clouds, and
in the changes and forms of weather! If all creatures thus fulfil
his pleafure, why fhould men be rebels, and refufe his direction and
government ! Why do not we improve his corrections and mer
cies ! It is abfurd for us to quarrel with him, when we underftand
fo little of his nature, or even of his moft obvious works, And it

is highly neceffary to maintain the moft awful, kind, and ho
nourable thoughts of him, and the moft cordial fubmiffion to every
thing which he does. But by what terrible harbingers doth he
fometimes introduce himfelf to his people ! If the clouds thicken,.
if thunders roar, if lightnings flafh, if rains defcend, and winds
blow, let me hope that my God is near, my God that faveth

me !

clouds of the fouth as in a chamber; and cold proceeds from the fcattering north
winds. 10. By God's will and appointment the froft is produced, and the rivers
are congealed that they cannot flow. II. As by pouring down continual mowers
he wearieth the thick cloud, fo bis clear brightnefs difpels it; and by his light he
difperfes the tranfparer.t dufkinefs of the Iky. 12. While the clouds are carried
hither and thither at his pleafure, he himfelf on every fide holds the reigns of their
motions, that he may accomplifh his own purpofes by them all over the world ;
13. Whether it be for punifhing the guilty by peftilential vapours and ftorms, or for
rendering the earth fruitful, or for gracioufly rewarding his people with remarkable
plenty. 14. Stop therefore thy cenfures of, and murmurings at, the difpenfations
of God's providence; ferioufly confider his wondrous works; and think how little thou
underftandeft of the moft obvious of them. 15. Knoweft thou how God lays his
orders or impreffes his powerful influence upon them ? or how he makes therainbow-
Jight ofthe tranfparent cloud to fhine ? 16. Canft thou tell how, in his marvellous
wililom, he hangs the clouds in the air, as if balanced by one another? 17. Doft
thou know how thy garments wax warm when the earth is calmed by the fouthem

fun and the pleafant gale ? 18. Haft thou affifted him in clearing the Iky after
rain; and in making it to ftand faft by its own ftrength, as a mirror, in which we
may behold his admirable wifdom, power, goodnefs, and glory? 19. Teach us,
if thou canft, how to fpeak to or of God : for, by reafon of his incomprehenfible
excellencies, and our great ignorance, we cannot fpeak of him to any purpofe.
20. Nothing which I have faid is worthy of his notice, or anfwerable to the fubjecl.
If any attempt to defcribe his excellences, he will be quite confounded by their daz
zling glory. 21. And juft now men cannot look upon the bright fhining of the
fun in the Iky, when the wind has difpelled every cloud. 22. The godlike glancing
fun ihines clearly by the purifying north winds : and upon God is a robe of terrible
majefty. 23. We c.innot comprehend his efTence, perfeiftions, purpofes, or works.
His power indeed is infinite: but he will not afflicl his people in Ariel judgment or
feverity of juftice. 24. Men ihould therefore ftand in awe of him, and beware of
quarrelling with his condudl ; for he regards none who are wife in their own conceit,
or who dare contend with their Maker, or prcfume to cenfure his proceedings.

God himfelf calls

Before Chrift
cir. I'.io,

a Ch 37. i, 2. 14. Sc
42. 5.

THEN the Lord anfwered Job out
ofthe a whirlwind, and faid,

2 b Who is this that darkeneth counfel
fTim.3,:,.7' by words without knowledge ?
cch.407.Exod.12. n <= Gird up now thy loins like a man ;,
11. 2 Kin. 4. 29. tsc D r J ... r
Vci iTs'VJct. for I d will demand of thee, and * anfwer
ff' , thou me.
d-With ch. 13. 1 j, t 1 • i 1
&j? ?s, 17-'°' 4 c Where waft thou when I laid the
*iieb.mcihm,kmw. foundations of the earth ? declare, "•" if
e25 ProvS3?4'& thou haft underftanding.
8.29. H=h.. 3,,o. who f hath kid the meafures thereof,
.f Hen. If theulr.oweft J 1 1 I n 1 I
cnderfia,uiinZ. \( thou knoweft ? or who hath ftretched
f Prov, 8. 27. If. 40. , 1 1 • • . \
12. 22. the line upon it r
^h^^ze!'1 6 s Whereupon are the * foundations
, "'/', , thereof H faftened ? or who laid the cor-
%Heb. foclets. " ¦
11 Heb. model ¦„ fini. ner-ftoue thereof;
hw. i9. ,. & ,48. 3. 7 Whenhthe morning ftars fang together,
Sc 104. 4. Rev. 5. / O OO'
Jo:SchE43r7a.J- and all the l fons of God fhouted for joy ?
s ch. 1. 6. & z. 1. 8 k Or who fhut up the fea with doors,
T'p™&9"*"' when it brake forth as if it had iffued out
Gen. 1. 9. ch. 2.6. r .-\ 15
jo. of the womb r
9 When l I made the cloud the gar
ment thereof, and thick darknefs ,a fwad-
ling band for it,
1 o And m brake up for it my decreed
place, and fet "bars and doors,
ojer 5 22 pr.,24 11 And faid, "Hitherto fhalt thou
|:& 104.9. p^. come? but no further; and here fhall
*Heb, waves.

1 Ch. 36. 29. Sc 37,
16. Gen. I. 2.

m Or eflablifhed my
decree upenit. Gen.
1. 9, 10. Jer. 5. 22.
n Ch. 26. 10.

p Pf. 74. 16. & 136.
7, 8. & 148. 5. ch.

theprideofthy * tby proud waves be ftayed.
1 2 p Haft thou commanded the morn-
f/f°™-Ji- ing fince thy days ; an d caufed the day-
fpring to know his place,
13 That it might take hold of the
IvticT^i,. q ends of the earth, that the wicked
r jr. 10,. s. jer. 21. r might be fhaken out of it ?
12. Exod. 14. 27. D
pr.104.35. j. s jt jg turned as clay to the feal;
s Eccl. n. 7. pr. 6;. 1 1 n 1 f
is, 13. Heb. 6. 7. and they ftand as a garment.

O ^ B. Job to account.
1 5 And 4 from the wicked their light d^o."
is withholden, and the u high arm fhall tci>..8.s. **,.*&
be broken . * K »¦ ;s- & n-
1 6 x Haft thou entered into the fprings lf' '4- I0- "•
of the fea? or haft thou walked in the * soffit-
fearch of the depth ?
17 Have the Agates of death been7*kl\\-gg-£
opened unto thee ? or haft thou feen the
doors of the fhadow of death ?
18 z Haft thou perceived the breadth z£f J*'/,1'^-*
ofthe earth? declare, if thou knoweft «•*-*•*¦*¦
it all. 1 9 Where /r the way a iv^n? light a ^m. «,?£
dwelleth? and, <« /or darknefs, where /r
the place thereof,
20 That thou fhouldeft take it t to the t0r/-
bound thereof, and that thou fhouldeft
know bthe paths to the houfe thereof? bpf- 1»"»-6-
21 Knoweft thou it becaufe thou waft
then born, or becaufe the number of thy
days is great ?
22 Haft thou entered into the c trea- e K7;,?11:*
fures of the fnow ? or haft thou feen the
treafures of the hail,
23 d Which I have referved againft the ^hi^f:
time of trouble, againft the day of battle £;."<;. 21.30'3
and war ?
24 By what way is the light parted,
which fcattereth e the eaft wind upon the e°e8.41-6, !m-
earth ?
25 f Who hath divided a water courfe ' %,£*%%&
for the overflowing of waters; or a way
for the lightning of thunder;
tc a -T^ F •.. .. • ..I. ..!_ g Mat. 5. 45. If. SJ.
20 g 1 o caule it to rain on the earth, >°-
where no man is; on the wildernefs,
wherein there is no man;
2 7 To h fatisfy the defolate and wafte

k pr. 107. 35. & 6g.
12, 13. R 104. 13,

Chap. XXXVIII. Ufhered in by a terrible whirlwind, to make Job more humble
and attentive, God himfelf next addrefled him, faying, 2. Who art thou that haft
fought to eclipfe, mifreprefent, and cenfure, the wifdom and juftice of my providence,
by difcourfes proceeding from ignorance, miftake, inconfideratenefs, and paffion ?
3. Now, according to- thy proud challenges, prepare thyfelf to debate the caufe with'
me ; nay, to anfwer me a few plain queftions ; that, convinced hy thefe of the weak
nefs of thy underitanding, thou mayeft perceive how incapable thou art of judging'as to
jny fecret counfels or myfterious providences. 4 — 7. It' thou art fo fkilful as thou
pretendeft, tell me how I laid the foundations of the earth : how I planned and ad-
jufted the whole form and boundaries of it : how, without any foundation to ftand on,
I fettled it upon its own centre, and firmly connected all the parts of it, while angels,
whom I had previoufly created to be my honorary guard, celebrated the wifdom, good
nefs, and power, which I therein manifefted I 8 — 11. Tell me how, with banks
or even fand, I fet boynds to the newly formed ocean, which often rages as if it
would cover the earth, from which its waters were feparated; how I covered it with
thick mifts and fogs, reftraining its fury; how I made hollow places in the earth for
it ; and, notwithftanding its furious raging, confined it in them ! 12. Haft thou,
before or fince thy birth, governed the morning light, making it to obferve its
puiiclual time, and orderly to appear in its ever-varying place; 13. That it
might fuddenly fpread itfelf over die whole hemifphcre, that wicked men, who rage

in the night, being detecled, might hy condign punifhment be reftrained or cut
off: 14. That the earth, as the wax beneath the feal, may put on a new form,
and the things on it appear as its adorning garment; %J. And that by this light
the wicked may be deprived of that fuccefs and comfort which they promifed them
felves in their crimes, and their tyrannical power may be reprefled ? 16. Haft
thou ever perfonally furveyed the fprings and rough places in the bottom of the ocean,
or walked, as in ftate, through the inmoft corners of the deep, to know and direct
every thing there ? 17. Art thou fully acquainted with all the dark caverns and
inmoft parts of the earth ; or with the whole nature and circumftances of death and
the grave, and of the eternal ftate? 18. Are the dimenfions of the earth, with its
whole fubftance and producl, perfectly known to thee? 19 — 21. Doft thou by
thy great experience and long obfervation fully underftand the orderly turns of light
and darknefs, day and night? or canft thou diredl their motions in a proper manner?
22, 23. Art thou fully acquainted with the colleclions of fnow and hail in the clouds?
and canft thou, like me, regularly bring them forth in the winter feafon, or in the
feafons of wrathful calamities ? 24. How is the light of the fun, moon, or ftars,
fo equally and fo widely diffufed ? How is the w^ay prepared for the overflowing rains,
or for the lightning and Jiunder? and how are their motions lu regularly direcled?
26, 27. Is it by thy direclion that the rain waters thofe places of the earth where no
one lives to do it, or which without feafonable rains could produce nothing?

To humble Job r, God tries his knowledge CHAP. XXXIX. and power in the works of nature*

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

i Jer, 14.21. & 5.24,
& 10. 13. 1 Sam.
ij. 17, 18. Pf. no,
j. Mic. 5. 7.
JtPf. 147. 16, 17. ch.
6. 16. & 37. 10,

J: Heb. is taken.
ICh.o. 9. Amos 5. 8.
if, 43. 26. Judg. 5.
£0.
|| Or the fevey ftars *
* Heb. Khnah.
f Heb. Ktffl.
% Or The twelve figns.
t) Heb. guide Aifb.
mPf. 119. 01. Jer.
ji. 35, 36. & 33.
15. Gen. iMifi.

a Jer. 14. 22. & 5.
24. & 10.13. Zech.
to. 1. Amos 5, 8.
& 4- 7-

o Lev. 10. 2. Num.
11.1. Sc 16. 35.
2 Kin. 1. 10.
• Heb. Behold us.

p Ch. 32. 8. Exod.
36. I, 2. If. 28. 23
—29. Eccl. 2. 26.
Pf. 51. 6, 7. Jam.
J. 5, 17.

<1 Pf. 147. 4. with in
60. 8. Heb. 12. 1.
Geo. 8. 1, 2. & 9.
IS-
f Heb. tc'ho can caufe
to lie down ?
% Or IVhen the dufl is
turned into duft.
\\ Heh. is poured.

r Pf. 3-1. 10. Sc 104,
21. & 14;. 15, 16.

ground-, and to caufe the bud of the
tender herb to fpring forth ?
28 'Hath the. rain a father? or who
hath begotten the drops of dew ?
29 k Out of whofe womb came the ice ?
and the hoary froft of heaven, who hath
gendered it ?
30 The waters are hid as with a ftone,
and the face of the deep * is frozen.
31 l Canft thou bind the fweet in
fluences of II * Pleiades, or loofe the bands
of + Orion ?
32 Canft thou bring forth * Mazzaroth
in his feafon ? or canft thou H guide Arc-
turus with his fons ?
22 Knoweft thou the m ordinances of
heaven ? canft thou fet the dominion
thereof in the earth ?
34 n Canft thou lift up thy voice to the
clouds, that abundance of waters may
cover thee ?
25 Canft thou ° fend lightnings, that
they may go, and fay unto thee, * Here
we are?
36 pWho hath put wifdom in the
inward parts ? or who hath given under
ftanding to the heart ?
2f Who q can number the clouds in
wildom ? or + who can ftay the bottles
of heaven,
38 + When the duft P groweth into
hardnefs, and the clods cleave faft toge
ther ?
39 r Wilt thou hunt the prey for the

lion ; or fill * the appetite of the young
lions, 40 When they s couch in their dens,
and abide in the covert to lie in wait?
41 t Who provideth for the raven his
food? when his young ones cry unto
God, they wander for lack of meat.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
»Heb. thelif.
¦ PT. 10. t— 10. Nah.
2. II, 12.

t Pf. 1.(7- 9. Sc tr.y
27, 28. Sc u,c. iji
16. Mat. 6. sl».
Luke 12. zi

C H A

XXXIX.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXVIII. — How infinite the
kindnefs and condefcenfion of God, to appear himfelf, and cate-
chife his obftinate friend for his humiliation, in order to prepare
him for deliverance ! And how much more difficult it is to con-
verfe with God than is generally thought by thofe who appeal to
him ! Infinite is his wifdom, who knows all things ; and great
his power, who can do, and has made, and manages, all things.
All things around us are full of God : all monitors to teach us con
cerning him, and to ftir us up to worfhip and glorify him ! But
the boafted knowledge of mankind is vain andfeanty, which can every

Is but a continuation of the former. Here God, to man'fieft
his extenfive government and bountiful care, and fe
make Job afhamed of his prefumftion, murmuring-,
and diftruft, interrogates him further; (i) Concern
ing the wild goats and hinds, and the production and
growth of their young ; I — 4. (2) Concerning the
wild afs, and his wildnefs, lodging, and pafture ;
5 — 8. (3) Concerning the unicorn, and his untame-
ablenefs and unfaithfulnefe ; 9 — 12. {if) Concerning
the peacocks and their feathers; 13. (5) Concerning
the oftriches, their ftupidity and fiwiftnefs; 13 — 18.
(6) Concerning the horfe, his ftrength, beauty, fiport-
fulnefi, fearleffnifs, and fiercenefs ; 19 — 25. (7)
Concerning the hawks and eagles, and their quick
fight, high flight, and ravenous inftintl ; 26 — 30.
K NO WEST thou the time when the-
a wild goats of the rock bring forth ? " \<*'d?"
or canft thou mark when the b hinds do b Ses"1
1 «\ birth.
calve r
2 Canft thou number the months that
they fulfil ? or knoweft thou the time
when they bring forth ?
3 They bow themfelves ; they bring
forth their young ones ; they caft out their
* -Tni-r-ntxT-o * Young ones bom,
1UI lOVVb. with much pain.
4 Their young ones are in good liking ;
they grow up with corn : they go forth,
and return net unto them.

where be nonplufled in the moft common things of nature. Let me
then never contend with God ; — never pretend to be a judge of his
nature, purpofes, or works ; — but be always content with things
as they are ; and to be led by him, as one blind, in the ways which
I know not. If he has made all things in nature fo well, my
new covenant portion and lot is certainly exa£tly wife and kind-
And, if he take fuch care of the works of his hands, the moft
ravenous not excepted, it is impoffible that he fliould forget, for
fake, ftarve, or mifmanage, his new covenant friends.

28—30. Canft thou form drops of rain or dew; or produce ice or hoar froft; or tell
how they are formed ; and how the furface of the waters is congealed into a kind or
ftone ? 31. C»nft thou alter the feafons of the year, by reftraining the influences
of the heat and fummer-boding ftars ? or free the earth from the tempeftuous influence
ef the winter and lloth-boding ftars? 32. Canft thou make to appear, and had
round, the luminaries of the middle region of heaven in their feafen? Canft thou
direel the round-whirling pole ftars, and their attendants? 33. K. no well thou all
the order and laws of the heavenly bodies? Couldit thou fettle the whole gove;nment
of them, and their influence upon the earth? 34, 35. Canft thou juft -low by a
call bring down an abundant rain 00 the place where thou ai t ; or make the thunder to

dart forth its flames over thine head; or do whatever thou pleafeft? 36-. Canft thou
div dl the random darting of thunder and lightning to ftrijee as regularly as if it had
ft-hd wifdom and diftiiic! perception? or didft thoiv give thyfelf rational underftanding _*
Canlt thotrtell how a fingle thought is formed? 37, 38. Canft thou number and
govern all thc clouds of heaven; or reftrain the rain when the earth is fufficn.nc.ly wa-
tered ? 39 — 41. Canft thou provide food even for the moft ravenous creatures*
particularly for thi linnefs.aiid her whelps, or for old lions incapable of leaving their
dens ; or for the young rat-ens, when by their dam they are expelled from the neft ?
Chap. XXXIX. Ver. 1—4. Is it by thy wifdom, power, care, and providence^

Jehovah continues to inquire of Job J OB.
5 Who hath fent c out the wild afs free?
or who hath loofed the bands of the wild
afs? 6 d Whofe houfe I have made the wil
dernefs, and the + barren land his dwell-

concerning of riches, horfes, &c

Before Chri*
cir. 1520.
c Jer. z. 24. with
Gen. 4y. 14. Sc
16. 12.
d Ch. 24. ;. Jer. z.
24. Hof8. 9.
f Heb, fait places.

% Heb. ofthe cxaClor.

e Wild bull, or rhi
noceros. Nam.
23. 22. Pf. 22. 21.
& 92. 10. Deut.
33- 17.

\tOr tie feathers cf the
flork and ojtrich.

f L:m. 4. ;,

gCh. St 11. Prov. 7.
Z-t. Sczj.%. Sc 1.17.

mgs. 7 He feorneth the multitude of the
city, neither regardeth he the crying + of
the driver.
8 The range of the mquntains is his
pafture, and he fearcheth after every green
thing. 9 Will the e unicorn be willing to ferve
thee, or abide by thy crib ?
10 Canft thou bind the unicorn with
his band in the furrow ? or will he har
row the valleys after thee ?
1 1 Wilt thou truft him, becaufe his
ftrength is great ? or wilt thou leave thy
labour to him ?
1 2 Wilt thou believe him that he will
bring home thy feed, and gather it into
thy barn ?
13 Gavef thou the goodly wings unto
the peacocks ? or " wings and -feathers
unto the oft rich ?
14 Which leaveth her eggs in the
earth, and warmeth them in duft,
15 And forgetteth that the foot may
crufli them, or that the wild beaft may
break them.
16 She is f hardened againft her young
ones, as though they were not her's : her
labour is in vain without fear ;
17 Becaufe God hath s deprived her

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

* TJling her wings
as fails, lhc runs
fwifter than an
horl'c.
h Exod. ie. 1—4.
Jer. 8. G. SSech.
10.3.

f Heb. tetrort.
i Or His feet dig.
Judg. 5. 22. Je-.
8. 6. with 1 Sam.
17. 2.
X Heb. ttte etrmotcr.

II Arrows of it,

of wifdom, neither hath he imparted to
her underftanding.
18 * What time flie lifteth up herfelf on
high fhe feorneth the horfe and his rider.
1 9 Haft thou given the horfe h ftrength ?
haft thou clothed his neck with thunder?
20 Canft thou make him afraid as a
grafshopper? the glory of his noftrils is
"I" terrible. 21 ' He paweth in the valley, and re-
joice{h in his ftrength : he goeth on to
meet + the armed men.
22 He mocketh at fear, and is not af
frighted ; neither turneth he back from
the fword.
23 The II quiver rattleth againft him,
the glittering fpear and the fhield. nd with
neither believeth he
that it is the found of the trumpet.
25 He faith among the trumpets, Ha,
ha ; and he fmelleth the battle afar off,
the thunder of the captains, and the
fhouting. 26 Doth the k hawk fly by thy wifdom,
and ftretch her wings toward the fouth ?
27 Doth the ' eagle mount up * at thy
command, and mmake her neft on high ?
28 She dwelleth and abideth on the •*"•*<»»•-"*
rock, upon n the crag of the rock, and the
ftrong place.
29 From thence fhe feeketh the prey,
and her eyes behold afar off.
30 Her young ones alfo fuck up blood:
and ° where the flaiii are there is fhe. 0MM.24.2B.Mra

24 He fwalloweth the gro>
fiercenefs and rage

k Lev. ti. 16. Dcet.
14. 15.

1 Exod. 10. 4. Pf.
103. 5. Lev. II.
13. De'uc. 14, iz.
11. 40. 31.

m Jer. 46. 16.
Obad.4.
11 Heb. testh.
1 Sam. 14. 4.

Reflections upon Chap. XXXIX. — Behold how all things
mark the excellencies of their Maker, and depend on God ! The
eyes of all wait on him ; and he giveth them their meat in due
feafon. And furely it is abfurd for men to boaft of beauty, ftrength,
fwiftnefs, or other bodily endowments, when one or more of the
brute animals excel them in all thefe. But, alas ! how often are
we like them in their worft qualities, like hinds in finful cowardice ;
like wild'affes in our unfettled temper; like unicorns or wild bulls

that the wild goats and hinds are affifted in their painful births, or their younj ones fo
well nouriihed? 5 — 8. Or that, while the tame afs is fo dull and ftupid, the wild
afs is fo nimble, untra&able, regardlefs of mankind, and lodged and maintained in
the defart mountains? 9 — 12. Art thou capable, by all thy power and /kill, to
tame a wild bull, and train him to the labours of the field performed, bv the ox?
13— 18. Didft thou adorn with wings and feathers thcoftrich, that is focarelefs of hereggs
and young that the fun muft hatch the former, and Providence alone takes care of the
latter, and fo fleet in running with extended wings? 10 — 25. Haft thou given
ftrength and bravery to the horfe? Doft thou produce the triumphant fluking of his
mane, or the neighing and fnorting af his throat, when he is bent upon the battle?
Canft thou make him to bounce like a grafshopper? The difdainful and courageous
foortings of his noftrils are terrible. When armies meet for battle, he nawclh in

in untameablenefs and rage in the net of affliction ; like oftriches1 in
ftupidity and unconcern about the real welfare of children ; like
horfes in pride .and fury; like hawks and eagles in ambition,
greedinefs, and cruelty ! — But, if God feed thefe, he will never
let the redeemed fheep of his pafture want, Lo, in what lofty
manner he fpeaks of thefe animals ! But how much fweeter to
my 'foul are his defcriptions of Jefus and his love, Jefus and his
work, Jefus and his fulnefs ! — All for men ! all for me !

the valley, fiercely priding himfelf in his ftrength 1 he fprings forth to meet the ar
mour of war, ruining into the battle without any fear of danger. Quite unaftrighted
he laughs at the terror of the battle; he turns not back from the fword. Over him,
regardlefs, rattle and hifs the arrows of the quiver, the flaming fpear, and ruinous
lance. With fiercenefs and rage he gallops over and tears up the ground. For j.iy he
reckons the found ofthe trumpet but an encouraging blaft: and. at the full blowing
of the trumpet he dances and fports for joy. He fmells the battle afar oft, the
thunder-like roaring of the princes, and the alarm of war. 2.6. Is it by thy direclion
that hawks fly away fo ftrongly, fteadily, fwiftly, unweariedly, and cunningly, to
catch their prey; and that they bafk in the fun, or remove to warmer climates in the
winter? 27 — 30. Is i t by thy direclion that eagles fly dircclly upward, or choofe their
rocky refidence, or fpy out and riiih upon their prey ?j

God further humbles Job, and defcribes CHAP.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

CHAP. XL.
Here ( 1 ) God exprefsly requires Job, who hadfo lately
been quarrelling with the difpenfations of providence,
to anfwer the queftions above put to him; 1,2. But
Job fubmits ; owns himfelf an ignorant, vile, and
guilty offender ; and promifes to avoid further pre
emption ; 3, 4, 5. (2) To humble him farther, God
challenges him to vie with himfelf, if he durft, in
juftice, power, majefty, and dominion, over the proud;
6 — 14. (3) For the fame end he exemplifies his
power and dominion over two of the moft ftrong and
ungovernable animals ; 15 — 24. [chap, xii.]
MOREOVER, the Lord anfwered
Job, and faid,
2 Shall he that a contendeth with the
Almighty inftrucl: him f he that b

repror-

a Ch. 34- ?7- If- 45-
9. 1 Cor. 10. 21.
I Ch. 3. 3—26. Sc 6.
&9-'7-34-&i°- eth God, let him anfwer it
2 % Then Job anfwered the Lord,
and faid,
4 Behold, c I am vile ; what fhall I
anfwer thee ? I will d lay mine hand upon
dCh.Kj.Q.pr.39-9- my mouth.
5 Once have I fpoken ; but I will not
eiPet.4;3cM4. anfwer : yea, twice; but I will c proceed
31, 32. Jer. 31. 18, r ,
no further.
6 % Then anfwered the Lord unto Job
f out ofthe whirlwind, and faid,
7 g Gird up thy loins now like a man :
I will demand of thee, and declare thou
unto me.
8 h Wilt thou alfo difannul my judg
ment ? wilt thou condemn me, that thou
mayeft be righteous ?
9 Haft thou ' an arm like God ? or
canft thou thunder with a voice like
him ?
10 k Deck thyfelf now with majefty
and excellency; and array thyfelf with
glory and beauty.

c Gen. 32. 10. z Sam.
Z4. 10. Ezra 9. 6,
15. If. 64. 6. Sc 6.

io-

fCh.38. i.Pf.50.3.
gCh, 38. 3. with 13.
22. & 31. 35—37-
& 23. 3, 4.

b Pf. 51. 4. Rom. 3.

1 Pf. 51. 4.
4. ch. 32.

i Pf. 147. 5. Gen. j8.
14. ch. 37. 5. PI.
29. 3-9.

It Pf. 104. 1. & 93.
& xevi— xcix.

Reflections upon Chap. XL. — To what arrogant quarrell
ing with God afflicted faints fometimes proceed! but it always
iluies in great fhame and grief at laft. Communion with God himfelf
effe&ually convinces and humbles a feint, and makes him glad to
part with his moft beloved fins. But there is need of thorough con
victions and humiliation to prepare us for remarkable deliverance.
And it is unfafe to heal wounded confciences ilightly, or to catch

Chap. XL. Ver. 2. Has there not been enough faid to chaftife and convince thee
of thy miftakes, in contending with and cenfuring the providence of God? 3. Job
replied to the Lord, 4. Behold, with grief and fhame, I acknowledge my own
meannefs, folly, and filthinefs. I have nothing to fay againft thee, or for myfelf.
5. I have too often defired a difpute'with thee ; but I dare not defend my conducl.
I dare not proceed further in fuch bold and prefumptuous expreffions and accufations
of thy providence. 6. Job's acknowledgment of his fin, and profeffion of his re
pentance, not being fufticiently full, God further required him to pluck up his fpirits
Ji" he ceuld, and anfwer fome further interrogations. 8. Wilt thou, in the manner
Vol. L

Before Chrifl
cir. 1520,
[. 30. Dei.'..
J2. 22.
m Dan. 4. jy. M:i
4. I. II. z. II, li,
17. Luke 14. it.
Ezek. 17. 24. It.
28. 3. Mal. 4. 1.

n Pf. 90. 3, ;, 7. Sc
49- 14-
o Efth. 7. 8. John 11.
44. Sc 20. 7. Act*
5. 6, 10.

and his force is in the navel of his
T He moveth his tail like a cedar: tor*</»««4n/.

XL. the elephant, or the river horfe.
1 1 Caft abroad ' the rage of thy wrath :
and m behold every one that is proud, and fch
abafe him.
1 2 Look on every one that is proud,
and bring him low ; and tread down the
wicked in their place.
13 "Hide them in the duft together,
and ° bind their faces in fecret.
1 4 Then will I alfo confefs unto thee
that thine own right hand can fave thee.
15 f Behold now * behemoth, which '^hlff^'f
I made with thee ; he eateth grafs as
an ox.
16 Lo, now, his ftrength is in his
loins, belly. the finews of his ftones are wrapped to
gether. 18 His bones are as ftrong pieces of
brafs ; his bones are like bars of iron.
1 9 He is the chief of the pways of God : pk»*«<.
he that made him can make his fword to
approach unto him.
20 Surely the mountains * bring him ^eTg*™
forth food, where all the beafts of the
field play.
21 He lieth under the fhady trees, in
the covert ofthe reed, and fens.
22 The fhady trees cover him with
their fhadow ; the willows of the brook
compafs him about.
23 Behold, + he drinketh up a river, tneb.hcwr.fcth,
and hafteth not : he trufteth that he can
draw up r Jordan into his mouth.
24 I' He taketh it with his eyes : his
nofe pierceth through fnares.

r Gen. 13. 10. Jofh,
- 3. 17.
WOryVilltny talc him
in his fight, or bore
his nofe with a tin ?

at comforts to be rid of convictions. Men may be humbled, and
yet not duly humbled. . God takes pleafure in debafing the proud,
who attempt to rival his honours. And wo to him that contends
with his Maker ! But eafily can that God, who made, manages,
feeds, lodges, and works, thefe monftrous animals, provide for
and manage me and all my concerns !

of wicked men, arraign and attempt to overturn my fentence againft thee, and my
government ef human affairs? Wilt thou cenfure me as unjult in afflicling thee,
that thou mayeft appear innocent? 9, 10. Art thou God's equal in infinite power,
majefty, or glory? II — 14. Canft thou, as God, fcatter abroad the tokens of
thine anger ; or exhibit thy frowns for the debafement and deftruclion of thy moft
powerful and infolent enemies ? If fo, I will acknowledge thou canft uphold thyfelf,
and haft fome pretence to contend with me ; but, if not, it becomes thee humbly to
fubmit to my moft affliclive providences.  15 — 24. But, that thou mayeft be fur
ther convinced of thy inability to contend with me, behold how incapable thou art of
5 G

God, for Job's humiliation, defcribes

O B.

the leviathan, whale,. or crocodite.

Before Chrift
cir. 152.0.

a That 15, a whale,
vtcrcodile. Pf.104
26. If. 27. I.

CHAP. XLI.
Is a continuation of the former. Here, to convince Job
further of his weaknefs and inability to ftand before
God, he is challenged to fubdue the leviathan; I —
10. J[i) To manifeft the terrible power and majefty
of God, his Maker and Governor, this animal is r e-
prefented particularly ; his face as terrible ; 1 1 —
13: his fcales as clofe and impenetrable; 15, 16,
1 7 : his breath and neefings fparkling and fiery ; 1 8
— 21: his flefh firm; 22 — 24: his ftrength and
courage invincible; 25 — 30: his motions turbulent
to the waters; 31, 32: and, in general, as a very
inonftrous <and terrible creature, for which no man is
an equal match; 33> 34r
AN ST thou draw out a leviathan
with an- hook ? or his tongue with
* "cL™'rcparTof a cord * which thou letteft down ?
agrcdngTeHo 2 Canft thou put an hook into his
whales, and part -. . ,.. ,/ . - ,
itfhas0b\en0iongs' no^e • or bore his jaw through with a
uncertain which fVt^-v*-*-* ?
of them is meant ; lIlvJI II .
tShXf whaie1 e o Will he make many fupplications
which is here in- .*J , r r i
"¦*ti unto thee ? will he fpeak foft words unto
thee ?
4 Will he make a covenant with
thee ? wilt thou take him for a fervant
for ever ?
5 Wilt thou play with him as zvith a
bird ? or wilt thou bind him for thy
maidens ?
6 Shall thy companions make a banquet
of him ? fhall they part him among the
merchants ?
i, Ezek. i9, 3,4- 7 Canft thou b fill his fkin with barbed
ver. 9, jo. t l % ^ - , »
irons ; or his head with fifh fpears?
^a^i'KinfS1' 3 c Lay thine hand upon him, remem-
l'9' ber the battle, do no more.
9 Behold, the hope of him is in vain :
all not
of him ?

fliall not one be caft down even at the light

io None is fo fierce that dare ftir him dJTJ^
up : a who then is able to ftand before <Tjer. ,». 5. cn. 40.
me?

z. 9. & 9. 4. 1 Cor.
10. 21,

11 e Who hath prevented me that I cL™;"&'535t
fhould repay him f l whatfoever is under *'
, , , - • ' Pf. 24. 1. Sc 50.
4-Vi.a fx7hir\1/» rt&isTf*r\ sc tmsrstc i Cor. io. .',, ;

10. 2',, 28,
Deut 10. 14.

the whole heaven is mine
1 2 I will not conceal his parts, nor his
power, nor. his comely proportion.
13 Who can difcover the face of his
garment ? or who can come to him "I" with t0"°i,Ji-
his double bridle ?
1 4 Who can open the*dc3ors of his face?
his teeth are terrible round about.
- 1 5 His s fcales are his pride, fhut up ^uf&liZt
together as with a clofe feal.
1 6 One is fo near to another, that no
air can come between them.
' 17 They are joined one to another;
they ftick together, that they cannot be
fundered. 1 8 By his neefings a light doth fhjine,
and his eyes are like the eyelids of the

morning.

19 Out of his mouth go*hurning lamps,
and fparks of fire leap out.
20 Out of his noftrils goeth fmoke, as
out of a feething pot or caldron.
21 His breath kindleth coals, and a
flame goeth out of his mouth.
22 In his neck remaineth ftrength,
and + forrow is turned into joy before t^itm°n'
him. 23 II The flakes of his flefh are joined « Hcb- "" fame"
together: they are firm in themfelves,
they cannot be moved.
24 His heart is as firm as a ftone ; yea,
as hard as a piece of the nether mil/lone.

contending with the elephant or river horfe, which I formed along with thee as thy fel
low creature, and not far from th'y refidence! He quietly feeds upon thc herbs pro
duced by the earth. Behold what ftrength is in his loins; what mighty force is in the
warped iinews of his belly! His tail is large, ftiff, and ftrong, as a cedar; and with
it, or his trunk, he could rend cedars. The finews of his thighs are interwoven and
•wrapped together: his fmaller bones are as pipes of brafs, and the larger ones as ba.s
ef iron for ftrength. He is a principal creature on earth. The mighty God, who
made him and gives him his power, can eafily fubdue and deftroy him. The moun
tains afford him pafture, while the other wild- beafts fecurely fport themfelves around
him. His ordinary refidence is under the fhadow of trees or reeds, growing in fens or
on the banks of rivers. No outrageous overflowing of waters affrights him, or makes
him to run off in hafte. And, while he dives into a river, or drinks excefiively, no
terror can make him leave off till his thirft be altogether quenched.
Chap. XLI. Ver. J, 2. And, to give thee another evidence of thy weaknefs even
to contend with one of my creatures, canft tiiou, by a hook fattened in his tsnguc,
nofe, or jaw, draw the crocodile, or the teethed whale, out ofthe water ? 3 — 5. Canft
thou force him to fupplicate thy favour to let him go, or make him enter into
an agreement to ferve thee ? or ca,oft thou make him a mean of diverting thyfelf and
children? 6.. Wilt thou, and thy partners in catching him, make a feaft upon
iih flefh, or part your fliares of him among the merchants ? 7. Where is the dart

with which thcu canft penetrate his fkin, or the fifh-fpear that can wound his head ?
8. Touch him if thou dareft; immediate deftruclion will prevent thy remembrance of.
the contiicv, or repeating thy blow. 9. The hope of taking him is quire vain.
The very fight of him is enough to terrify and difpirit one. 10. No, not the
fierceft dare awake him when fleeping, or ftir him up when refting himfelf. Who
then is able to contend with me, who am infinitely more ftrong and terrible?
11. And, fince every thing in the world is my fole property, who hath prevented me
with favours, that I fhould repay them ? or who, by firft attacking me, hath forced
me to fubmit to his terms of peace?  12. But, to take a particular view of the
ftrength and well-proportioned parts of the monfter which I have mentioned;
1 3. Who dare ftrip him of his fcaly fkin, or put a bridle in his mouth ? 14. Who
dare open his jaws? The furrounding rows of his teeth are terror itfelf. 15—17. They,.
as well as his fcales, are clofely and infeparably connected. iS. His freezings,
while he lies gaping in the fun, make a light to Jhine, and the water, which he'fpouts
up into the air, ruflecls the fun-beams. His fparkling eyes emit a reddifh and bright"
ftiining light. 19 — 21. How terribhy hot is the ftream of breath which proceeds from
his mouth or noftrils ? 22. In his neck ftrength lodges to an amazing degree.
Before his face forrow and defolation triumphantly leap, as, 'without fear or pity, he
deAroyo every animal he meets with, 23. The flakes of his flefh are, as it were,
foldered into a lump of metal, which cannot be moved or eafily cut afunder. 24. His
heart conlifts of the moft folid flefli ; and is quite deftitute of every^ form of eom-

Job deeply humbles

CHAP. XLI. XLII.

himfelf before God.

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

* Qx h-eaft-plaie.

f Heb. S^irp pieces tf
tbtpotjbtrd.

h If. it. tj. Ezek.
ji. 12.

$ Or who bthaim
tbtmfilvtt •witbwt
fear.

25 When he raifeth up himfelf the
mighty are afraid : by reafon of breakings
they purify themfelves.
26 The fword of him that layeth at
him cannot hold: the fpear, the dart, nor
the *ha-bers;eon.
27 He efteemeth iron as ftraw, and
brafs as rotten wood.
28 The arrow cannot make him flee :
fling ftones are turned with him into
ftubble. 29 Darts are counted as ftubble : he
laugheth at the fliaking of a- fpear.
30 "*" Sharp ftones ar& under him : he
fpfeadeth fharp-pointed things upon the
mire. 31 He maketh the deep to boil like a
pot : he maketh the h fea like a pot of
ointment. 32 He maketh a path to fhine after
him ; one would think the deep to be
hoary. 22 Upon earth there is not his like,
+ who is made without fear.
34 He beholdeth all high things: he is
a king over all the children of pride.
CHAP. XLII.
Having, with a mixture of pleafure and grief, feen
the conduct of Job and his friends, we muft here fee
the happy end of the Lord, in which every thing is
fet to rights again. Here ( I ) Holy Job, once fe
fretful and peevifii, uneafy to himfelf and inde
cently quarrelfome to his God, is brought to his right
mind, deeply penitent and fubmiffive ; 1 — 6. (2) His
and his friends' differences in opinion, hard words,
and fever e cenfures, are all adjufted; and all of them,
fwectly joining in facrifices and mutual prayers, are
gracioufly accepted of God; 7 — 9. (3) Job's afflic
tion, poverty, reproach, and want of children, iffue
in perfetl health, redoubled honour and riches, a nu
merous family, and long Ufe, attended with all their
comforts ; 1 0 — 1 7 .

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.

THEN Job aftfwered the Lord, and
faid,
2 I know that a thou canft do every *G^.\lZ'£

thing, and that * b no
withholden from thee.
3 c Who is he that

thought

can

be

27. Sc 14. {u.

<k

without knowledge ?
uttered that I underftood

hideth counfel
therefore have I
not ; things
cltoo wonderful for me, which I knew not.
4 Hear, e I befeech thee, and I will
fpeak: I will demand of thee, and declare c p™;.1,; |°'6!I,-r.
thou unto me.
5 I have f heard of thee by the hearing
eye

• Or ™ thought if
thinecan he hind.re.i.
bPf. 139. 2. Heh. 4.
13. Pi. 94. 11.
IChr. Zi. 9. 11. 66.
IS. John 21. 17,
c Ch. 38. z.
dPf.4o.s.&i39.6. &1JI.I A>7J,22.
Prov. 30. 2 — 4.
Rum. 11. 31.

ear

but

now s mine

feeth

45-11. with ch. 40.
7. & 38. 3. o> 54,
31, V-
f If- 55. 3. Rom. 10.
'7-
glf.6. 1. Ails 7.55.
Eph. 1. 17. Gal. I.

myfelf, and

h If. 6. j. Gen. 18.
27. Eceic. 16. 63.
Sc 36.31. Pf. 73.
22. Luke 18. 13.
Zech. 12 10. Luke
7. 37,47- 1 Tim. 1.
13. ch. 2^0'. Jon.
3. 6.
Ch. 2. 11. Sc 4. 1.
Cc l. i. Cc 11. 1.

VIII. XI.
xviii. xx. xxii.

of the
thee. 6 h Wherefore I abhor
repent in duft and afhes.
7 <j[ And it was fo, that, after the Lord
had fpoken thefe words unto Job, the
Lord faid to 'Eliphaz the Temanite, My '
wrath is' kindled againft thee, and againft
thy two friends : for ye have not k fpoken k^
of me the thing that is right, as my fer
vant Job hath.
8 Therefore take unto vou now 1 feven 1N°V!;^ lCI,r-
m/ 15. Io. Heb. 10. 10,
bullocks, and feven rams, and m go to
my fervant Job, and offer up for your
felves a burnt-offering ; and my fervant
Job fhall n pray for you ; for ° him will nf^;ltbilTa:
I accept : left I deal with you p after your
folly, in that ye have not fpoken of me
the thing which is right, like my fervant
Job. 9 % So Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bil
dad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naa-
mathite, q went, and did
the Lord commanded them
alfo accepted r Job.
10 Andthe Lord s turned the capti- sPf.14.7 &,if,.i
C t 1 1 1 i r 1 • r • 1 & tig. 53. lJrov.
vity or J ob, when he prayed for his meads :

14. Eph, 5.
m Mat. 5. 24.

o Heb. his fat£, or
ptrfon. Ver. 9.
r Deut. jz. 6 & 4,
6. Prov. S. 36.

accord in 2:
o

as

qPf. 110.59. ch. 34.
31, 32.

the Lord rHob th f*u.feh.
Wltn Mat. 3. 17.
Eph. 1. u. 1 Pet.
2. 5.

Lu:;e
14. II. &2j. 34.

Reflections upon Chap. XLI. — If I am fo unacquainted
with animals, how fcanty muft be my knowledge of their infinite
Maker! If thefe are a terror to me, how much more ought the
Almighty, and his infinite Majefty ! If I could not tame or manage
fome one of thefe, how dare I prefume to attempt wrefting the
government of providence out of God's hand! Surely then, above

all, I muft not dare to imagine him my debtor, or to interrogate
him concerning his conduct. And, if my God governs thefe mon
fters, I need not be afraid of either men or devils. But why fliould
I indulge pride, when, after all my bo.aftings, I am to have fome
ugly and ravenous monfter my fuperior in it !

paffion. 25. When he appears above water the courageous mariners are rendered
almoft diftrailed with terror, and forced to their confeflions and prayers, expecling
nothing but prefent death. 26 — 29. No fword, fpear, dirt, javelin, arrows, or
dinged ftones, can be made to penetrate his body. _ 30. Without hurt or pain he
makes his bed on lharp-po'mtcd rocks, ftones, or pieces of ice. 31. When he
%athes and tumbles about in the water he makes it to foam and rage, as if it were a

boiling pot full of ointment. 32. When he fwims along he leaves the fumws be
hind him, all marked with froth and foam, on the furface ofthe fea. 33. N . ani
mal on earth is equally. fearlefs and terrible. 34. With contempt he beholds the
higheft animals or loftieft Jhips, and brings them down with a I'weep of his tail, t»ar-
ing'and rending them at his pleafure. He is king of all the huge and fierce-looking
monfters. 5G 2

fob is refored to health,

Before Chrift
cir. 1520.
I Heb. added a I that
had been tojoh unto
the double. Zech.
9. 12.
U Prov. 16. 7. Sc 14.
zo. withch. 19.13,
14. & jo." 1.

X Rom. 12. 15. Heb.
13. 1, 3. Sc 12. 12.
1 The!. 5. 14. If.
35. 3. ch. 2. 11.
•wills Amos 3. 6.

. y Ch. 1. 2,3. Set. j.
PS. ug. 71. Mat.
JO. 20. 1 Tim. 6.
17. Jam. 5. II.
Heb. 12. 1r.If.61.
7. Ezek. 36. II.

alfo the Lord * gave Job twice as much
as he had before.
1 1 u Then came there unto him all his
brethren, and all his fifters, and all they
that had been of his acquaintance before,
and did eat bread with him in his houfe :
and they * bemoaned him, and comforted
him over all the evil that the Lord had
brought upon him : every man alfo gave
him a piece of money, and every one an
earring of gold.
1 2 So the Lord y bleffed the latter end
of Job more than his beginning : for he
had fourteen thoufand fheep, and lix
thoufand camels, and a thoufand yoke of
oxen, and a thoufand fhe affes.

Reflections upon Chap. XLII. — How ferious and humble
fellowship with God makes a foul ! And it is a great mercy that,
when he demands of us anfwers or obedience, we may freely de
mand of him knowledge and grace to anfwer his requirements. If
his gracious convictions render us exceeding vile and loathfome in
our own view, let us expect that our deliverance is at hand.
Jefus' blood and grace can more than balance our fins. Whom
God humbles and pardons he delights to honour and acknowledge
as his own. Yea, tenderly he regards his afflicted faints, notwith
ftanding their peevifli quarrellings with him. He refents, in the
moft humiliating manner, the injuries done to them by their angry
friends : and he often finds them fadly miftaken who were pofitive
of their being in the right. But it is pleafant to fee faints recon
ciled to one another through Jefus' death, in order, to their enjoy
ment of comfortable fellowlhip with God. And our confolation
is certainly approaching when our repentance towards God, faith
towards our Lord Jefus Chrift, and forgiving kindnefs to, and

O B. honour, and profperity,
1 2 f z He had alfo feven fons and three ^£2?
daughters. »k *„-«.-
1 4 And he called the name of the firft,
+ Jemima ; and the name of the fecond, iMta%Xelor
+ Kezia ; and the name of the third [| Ke-t sweet rmeiiing
I 1 calfia.
ren-happuch. hf*.**,**.,
15 And in all the land were no women Sct^eS
found- *fo fair as the daughters of Job: "^/^•ft,h2;^KU-

and their father b gave fhem inheritance b Num. 27.7, join.

17.4.

among their brethren.
16 5T After this lived Job an chun-e?.%'&sl$t
dred and forty years : and d faw his fons, *rm,•}•"i•
and his fons fons, even four genera- ta-6r™-n-6.
tions. •
1 7« e So Job died, being old and full of "I'&.'i&PiS:
days.

16. 32.

prayer for, injurious friends, are become remarkable. God cart
eafily make all things concur for the welfare or enrichment of his
people. And it is abfurd therefore to defpair in diftrefs, when
this very book was1 written for our encouragement in it. — But was
not Job a type Of our blefled Redeemer? He was infinitely rich
and righteous; yet for our fakes he became poor, till he had not
where to lay his head. Quickly was he reduced to the depths of
abafement : arid behold how he lay bearing our fins, and carry
ing our forrows, in the ftable — in the manger — in the garden — on
the crofs — and in the graf e ! ftupendous and amazing were the
troubles, the aflaults, he fuffered from God — from finners — from
faints! How tempted — how reproached — how afflicted and tor
mented! But marvellous was his faith, refignation, and patience;
and undeferved and powerful his interceffion ; till at laft he arofe
into illuftrious and lafting glory and honour; and a numerous family
of Jewifh and Gentile faints fucceeded and proceeded from his
troubles.

The BOOK of PSALMS.

The book of Pfalms is one of the moft extenfive and ufeful in holy Scripture, as it is every where fuited to the cafe ofthe faints.
It is at firft much mixed with complaints and fupplications, and at laft iffues in pure and lafting praife. That Heman com
pofed Pfalrn lxxxviii. Ethan the lxxxixth, and Mofes the xcth, is 'certain. But whether thofe under the name of Afaph
were moftly penned by him, or only affigned to.be fung by him as a mafter ofthe temple mufic, as others were to Jeduthun, or
to the fons of Korah, or other chief muficians, we cannot determine. Some, as Pfalm Ixxiv. lxxix. exxvi. and exxxvii..
appear to have been compofed after the captivity to Babylon was begun ; but by whom we know not. The reft, including
thofe two marked with the name of Solomon, might be compofed by David, the fweet PfalmiJ of Ifrael.
Twenty-five ofthe Pfalms have no title at all; and whether the titles of the reft are of divine authority is not altogether agreed.
' But, when it is confider ed that thefe titles every where appear in the Hebrew originals, and how often they ferve as a key to
'the pfalm, and are fometimes connected with it by the accentuating points } there is no real ground to fufpetl their authenticity.

PSALMS.
Nor are interpreters agreed with refpeB to the ftgnification of fome ofthe Hebrew words ftanding in thefe titles. IVe think
that Maschil alwaysftgnifi.es that the pfalm is defigned for inftru&ion ; Pfalms xxxii. xiii. xliii. xiv. iii. liii. liv. lv.
Ixxiv. ixxviii. lxxxviii. ixxxix. Michtam denotes the precious or golden nature of the pfalm; as xvi. ivi — lx.
Altaschith, that the fcope of the pfalm is to deprecate deftruction ; lvii. lviii. lix. Muthlabben, that the pfalm
was compofed on the occafion of the death of his fon, or of Goliath the duellift; Pfalm ix. Aijeleth Shahar, that
its fubjecl is Jefus Chrift, the hind of the morning; Pfalm xxii. Jonath-elem-rehokim, that David is therein.
reprefented as a mute dove among foreigners ; Pfalm Ivi. Shoshannim, Shoshannim-eduth, or Sh-ushan^
eduth, may either fignify that Chrift and his people, who are lilies, or lilies ofthe congregation or teftimony, are the
fubjecl of.it; or that it was flung on an inftrument of fix firings; Pfalms xiv. lx. lxix. lxxx. as Sheminith denotes an
inftrument of eight firings ; Pfalm vi. xii. Mah al at h may either fignify the difeafe, ^z^Mahalath Leanoth
the afflicfing difeafe ; or Mahaloth may fignify a wind inftrument ofmufic; liii. and lxxxviii. Neginath and
N eg in oth denote ftringed inftruments of mufic; Pfalms lxi. iv. vi. liv.lv. Ixvii. lxxvi. Nehiloth, wind ones;
Pfalm v. Gittith a mujical inftrument, or tune invented at Gath; Pfalms viii. lxXxi. and Ixisxiv. Alamoth the'
virginals, or a fong to be flung by the virgins ; Pfalm xlvi. Shiggaion or Shigionoth may denote fi^ diverfified matter
or tune of the pfalm ; Pfalm vii. The cxxth, and fourteen next following, are called songs o/degrees ; perhaps becaufe
they were flung on the different fteps ofthe temple fairs; or were flung at certain halts made by David and the Ifraelites when-
they brought up the ark of God from Kirjath-jearim to Jerufalem ; 2 Sam. vi. ; or were flung by the Hebrews at their dif
ferent refts, when they came up from the country to their three folemn feafts ; or were partly Jung by the Jems at their differ
ent refting places in their return from Babylon ; Lev. xxiii. Ezraii.
The Hebrews divided this book into five, ending with Pfalms xii. Ixxii. Ixxxix. cvi. and cl. ; the firft four of which are
concluded with amen. Interpreters have attempted to arrange or clafis the Pfalms into a variety of different forms. To ma
it appears not improper to diftinguijh them into I. Instructive ; which are either (1) Historical, relating what God
had done for the Pfalmift, or for the Jewifh nation, &c. as xviii. lxviii. ixxviii. civ. cv. cvi. cxiv. exxxv. exxxvi. Mop
of which are alfo Eucharistic ; or (2) Doctrinal, declaring and explaining the principles and duties of religion ; as
Pfalms i. xiv. xv. xix. xxxvi. xxxvii. xlix. 1. liii. lxiv. lxxvi. lxxvii. Ixxviii. lxxxi. lxxxii. xc. ci. cxii. cxix,
exxvii. exxxi. exxxiii. exxxix. — II. Prophetic ; foretelling events relative to Chrift or his church; as Pfalms ii. viii.-
xvi. xxi. xxii. xxiv. xxix. xl. xiv. xlvii. xlviii. Ixvii. lxviii. lxix. Ixxii. lxxx vii. Ixxxix. xciii. xcv. xevi-. xcvii.
xcviii. c. ex. cxvii. cxxxii. cxlix.; not a few of which are alfo Eucharistic. III. Consolatory ; in which
the Pfalmift comforts himfelf and others in the promifes, perfections, or works, of God; as Pfalms iv. xi. xxiii. xxvii.
xxxi. xxxvii. xlvi. lviii. lxxiii. xci. exxi. cxxv. exxviii. exxix. IV. Petitionary ; in which he bewails his
own or the church's condition, and fupplicates deliverance; as Pfalms iii. v. vi. vii. x. xii. xiii. xvii. xx. xxv. xxvi. xxvih
xxviii. xxxv. xxxviii. xii. xiii. xliii. xliv. li. liv. lv. lvii. lix. lx. lxi. lxiii. lxiv. lxx. lxxi. Ixxiv. Ixxix. lxxx. Ixxxiii.
lxxxv. Ixxxvi. lxxxviii. cii. cix. cxx. exxiii. exxx, cxxxii. exxxvii. cxl. cxli. cxlii. xviii. Seven of thefe, in which
the Pfalmift makes confeffion of his fin, viz. Pfalms vi. xxii. xxxviii. li. cii. exxx. cxliii. are called penitential^
V. Eucharistic ; in which he ftirs up himfelf and others to praife and thank the Lord for his favours ; as Pfalms ix
xviii. xxx. xxxiii. xxxiv. lx. lxv — lxviii. xiv — c ciii — cviii. cxi. cxiii. cxv — cxviii. cxxii. exxiv. exxvi. exxxiv.
exxxv. exxxvi. exxxviii. cxliv — cxlviii. cxlix. cl. But indeed ' hiftorical narratives, dotlrinal inftruilions, propheftes, con
folations, fupplications, praifes, and thankfgivings, are often fo pleafant ly and profitably connetled in the fame pfalm, that it
is difficult to afjign it to one clafis rather than to another. And what is historical, as it relates to David and the Jewiftj
church, is often typical, and fib prophetic, as it relates to J ejus Chrift and the gofpel church or heavenly ftate. Many^.
too, of the supplications refpeiling deliverances from, or the deftrutlion of, enemies, are to be conftdered as real predic
tions of the events, they being diclated by the infpiration of him who can. declare the end from, the beginning..

PSALM I.
Perhaps this pfalm was added by Ezra, or whoever elfe
was collector of the others into one book. We have
in it (1) The character of the truly godly ; how holy
they are ; abftaining from every temptation to or
appearance of evil ; and with pleafure meditating on
and endeavouring to fulfil the whole law of God ;
X, 2: and how happy ; planted in the near eft fel-
lowfhip with Jefus the River of Life, they profper in
their lawful, attempts ; they never fall from their grace
or profeffion ; and they Jhall ftand with approbation

at the judgment-feat of God ; 3. (2) The finful-
nefs and mifery ofthe wicked.— How different from,.
"and contrary to, the godly, in their inclination, com
panions, exercifes, and ends / How light and un
fubftantial as chaff, and ready to be hurled by the
forms of infinite wrath, into the depths of hell, as
caft and condemned in the righteous judgment of God!
4> 5- (3) The great reafon tf the happinefs of
faints, and of the mifery of finners. The Lord loves
the righteous, and obferves and approves their incli
nations and behaviour; but, as an enemy, he brings-
deftrutlive vengeance upon the wicked; 6.

The bleffednefs. ofthe godly. PSA
, LESSED is the man that a walketh
not in the counfel of the ungodly.

Before Chrift
cir. -450.

a Gen. 49. 6. zChr,
E'Kv'pK "*-"*' nor ftandeth in the way of finners,
i%*i£'jcr?'.?f nor fitteth in the feat ofthe fcornful.
"' 2 But b his delight is in the law of the
•Or ulcled.
b

?f.,io. .!,,«, 47, Lord ; c and in his law doth he meditate

24, 127, 103, 14;. ,
sc ,0. 10. icr. iS. day and night.
10. Rom. 7. 22. -Z

J John 5. 3. Adta
26. 22.

2 And he fhall d be like a tree planted
5 loft. 1. 8. pr.no. by the rivers of water, that bringeth forth
a jer",. s.' E^ek. his fruit in his feafon : his leaf alfo fhall
Vi.'siltcXl: not + wither ; and c whatfoever he doth
t Heb. /ad,. fhall profper.
" iienzi.V 3z.C3a' 4. The ungodly are not fo: f but are
Pf.-I28.2.I1.3.I0. ,., T . . S , ¦ ! 1 • 1 1 • I
Rom. 8.2s. hke the chaff which the wind dnveth
fpr. 35. 5. & i«. 4.
- m-. 17. 13. & 4- s- away.
^ 01. ,}.}. 0 ^ Therefore the ungodly E fhall not
^clAV ftand in the judgment, nor finners in the
Mat. 13. 49. Rev. . J ,P . . -,
d 16, 17. & 22. i5. congregation or the righteous.
6 For the Lord h knoweth the way

h Nah. 1.7. Jer. 23,
10. Prov. z. 8.
John 10. 14.
j Prov. 14. 12. Sc 1
7. Sc 14. 21, 32.
Mat. 25. 45. II.
J J,

L M S. Chrif s dignity and conquefi.
HY a do the heathen * rage, and cfjo+o.*

of the righteous : but the ' way of the
3. ungodly fhall perifh.
PSALM II.
Perhaps this pfalm relates partly to David's inflalment
on his throne, and the victories over his enemies
-which attended'it. [Compare Pfal. xviii. 2 Sam. iii.
v. viii. x. xviii. xx.] But the whole of it refpects
Jefus our Redeemer. Behold ( i ) The violent and
harmonious, but unfuccefsful, oppofition which Jews
and Gentiles of all ranks make to his perfon and
Work of redemption ; and what ruin and wo they
draw upon themfelves by their attempts ! I — -5, 9.
(2) Notwithftanding all their raging malice, and
furious oppofition, Jehovah ihftals our Redeemer
King in his church, and infallibly fixes him on his
throne ; avows him his only begptten Son, and gives
unto him the Gentiles for his people ; 6 — 8. (3) Je
hovah's demand of ferious confideration, fear of,
joy and truft in, obedience and love to, his exalted
Son; 9 — 12.

Reflections upon Psalm I. — How dangerous is the com
pany of wicked men, and how headlong the progrefs of fin ! They
who walk in the counfel of finners will quickly wait for opportu
nities of finning, and will with pleafure accompany with fcorners.
But precious and ufeful are the oracles of God, as means to pre
ferve us from te-nptation and to animate us to every good word
and work. And it is the heavenly-minded and thoughtful Chriftian
that will be the thriving one. It is abfurd for faints to ftudy confor
mity to this world, when God has marked fuch a difference, fuch
an rppofition, between them and the men of it. And when their
end anfwers fo exaftly to their life, and to the gloryof the divine
perfections. t May God's company, God's word, God's in
fluences, God's approbation, and God's final judgment, and the
eternity confequent thereon, be ever dear to my heart!
Reflections upon Psalm IT. — Bitter and inveterate is the
enmity of mankind againft Jefus Chrift our Saviour. The agents
6

the people + imagine a vain thing ? a4s™:s.i7.&»iji.
2 The kings of the earth fet them-- Aa™'.*;,™,^,
, - ° , , - - , Luke 18. 31. If. 8.
felves, and the rulers take counfel toge- &7.V&8'
ther, b againft the Lord, and -againft ^L^
c his anointed, faying, ^fdhau
2 Let us d break their hands a'ftuider, bRom.i.!0!&8.7.
and caft away their cords from us. it£cTi,\\.x*'
4cHe that fitteth in the heavens f fhall c 4f ,' 5 ^:f-
laugh: the Lord fhall have them in de- *"¦"¦?..**•*
. " ojer. 5. J. Luke 19.
riiion. eJ£ri
5 Then g fhall he fpeak unto them in ^M&eXl"
his wrath, and * vex- them in his fore Pro".^Jz6&z5£in:
,. - , r 19.2:. ii. 37.22.
dilplealure. gif.,,.4.&6S..4.
6 Yet h have I " fet my king * upon my ""i^ihjf*
holy hill of Zion. '°'"'*;
J T -,, -. j. 1 i j t hPf.4S,6. &no. 1
7 I will declare t the decree : the Lord ^'^"j-jf-
hath faid unto me, ; Thou art my Son ; ;^6- «¦*»*•
this.. day have I begotten thee. iiHeb.*™^.
8 k Afk of me, and I fhall give thee diiofXhaZf. '
the heathen for thine- inheritance, and f°'firadm*'-
J ' iAcIsi3.33.Rom.j.
the uttermoft parts of the earth for thy t- ha. ,.5.4*5.
pofleliion . v~ »¦ & »°- «-
9 l Thou fhalt break them with a rod Heb-7.*s. '¦
of iron ; thou fhalt dafh them in pieces 1St7-'^.'s- d-9'
... , rr. . L Mat. 21.44. Ren
like a potter s veffel. * t ^.Si^T
10 m Be wife now therefore, O ye «?¦ '«•«*»¦
,. , • n ¦» • n 1 -l C I mlf. 26.9. Jer. 6. 8.
kings : be mf-tructed, ye judges ot the ll£\^\f*'Jflfi
earth - J5' w' 7I- ,0' "'¦ -
Cell til. , & 4j. 12.
11 "Serve the Lord with fear, and n Heb. .2. 18,29.
Mat.17. 5. JoTin c.
rejoice with trembling. £:V4-f&w
12 ° Kifs the Son left he be angry, and 0?Ta'm.,o.,.,K.n.
ye veriihfrom the way, when his wrath ZRfzft'17'
is kindled p but a little. q Blefled are all >"£ "¦£?&,-
they that put their truft in him. "^f^ill
q Prov. 16. zo. If. 30. 18. Sc 26. 3, 4. Jer. 17. 7. Rom. 9. 33. & 10. II. I Pet. I. 6. Pf- J4. 8. Sc 40. 4. St
84. iz. & 146 5.

of hell, Jews and Gentiles, readily drop their private animolities,
to harmonize in oppofition to him ! If his caufe is to be run down,
they cordially unite in the work ! And not- well-grounded fear, but
enraged enmity, makes the princes of the earth to oppofe his king
dom, which is not of this world. But in vain are all their con
trivances and fury. His church, and every believer, is fixed on a
rock, againft which the powers of hell and earth can never prevail.
Jefus' perfon, as the only begotten Son of God from eternity, and
declared to be fuch in his refurrerSHon from, the dead, and the new
covenant mad-; with him, are their everlafting foundation. His
interceffion, and the faving power of his Spirit, fubdue them to
himfelf. But dreadful is the vengeance executed on his Jewifh,
heathen, antichriftian, or other oppofers ! And if the great are not
good they fhall receive the deeper damnation- O how mixed is
the fervice of Chrift on earth ! Whilft we rejoice in him and his
fulnefs, we need to tremble on account of our own guilt and cor
ruption, and the fnares and dangers that attend us. But holy

David complains of his enemks.

P S A L. III. IV-

cafls his burden on the Lord.

Before Chrift
cir. jo;: i.

PSALM III.
Having beheld the royal dignity of our Redeemer, let
us here behold the joy, the peace, the fafety, of the
redeemed, amidft their innumerable diftreffes. Here
David, driven from his holy capital and high throne
by his rebellious fon Abfalom, ,( I ) Complains to his
God of the number and malice of his enemies ; I — 2.
(2) He encourages himfelf in his God, as the fource
and fubjecl-mattcr of his fafety, joy, and honour; 3.
(3) He recollects how, on former occafions, his trou
bles had driven him to his prayers ; how he had al
ways found God ready io hear and grant his re
quefts ; how fafe and eafy he had lived under his pro
tection ; and how effectually he had broken the power,
and refrained the malice, of his enemies; 4., 5, 7.
(4) Triumphantly trufting in God, as the falvation
and bleffer of his people, he Jilences all his fears, and
pours forth his prayers for new proteclion and deli
verance ; 6, 8.
a*satn. iS. 14-18, a pfalm of David a when he fled from
Abfalom his fon.
b\j!TiXu'& ¥ ORD, b how are they increafed that
JI J trouble me ?
2 Many there be which fay of my
pr. sam ^ou'> ° 'There is no help for him in God.
 d Selah. 2 But thou, O Lord, art a e fhield
'j^'pu* * for me ; my f glory, and the * lifter up
h. & 9i. z, 3. Q£ m- ne hea(j#
% Or about. ,
j-if.6o.i9.&4s.zj. 4 I hcried'unto the Lord with> my
*Gen^:,tVKin: voice, and he heard me out of his holy
hill. Selah.
5 ' I laid me down and flept ; I awaked ;
ipf.4 g. & 127.1. for the LtfRD fuftained me.
aH: job4,,. is; 6 kI will not be afraid of ten thou-
19. Ezek. 34. zc.
k pf. 17. 1--3. & fands of people, . that have fet themfelves
'l ' "" againft me round about.
1 If. 5,. 9. Dent. 31. iD
t.V.&T^it 7 l Arife, O Lord ; fave me, O my
m job 16.10. 1 Km. God ; for thou haft m fmitten all mine
Z2..24. Mic. 5. 1.
pr. 58. 6. Lam. 3. en.emies upon the cheek bone ; thou haft
mr.4j.iT.Prov.il. broken the teeth of the ungodlv.
JI. Hof. 12. 4. O */
S'&?9R,r7,79. 8 ° Salvation belongcth unto the
•A&4.12. Lord : e thy bleffing is upon thv people.
ttn.jz.sj-.sczs.g. . J o sr - sr 1
Eph., .3. neb. 6. Selah.

PSALM IV.

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.

Tlois pfalm was perhaps compofed on the fame occafion as
the former, when David fled from Abfalom his fon.
Here ( I ) David, encouraged by former experience,
cafts his burden en the Lord, andfupplicates a merciful
deliverance. (2) Addr effing himfelf to men, parti
cularly to his perfecutors, he reproves their contempt
of God and religion, their delight in and practice of
vanity, fraud, and falfehood. He reprefents the
happinefs of the faints in having God their protector,
and ready to hear their requefts. He recommends-
an holy filial awe of God; a careful abftinence from
fin ; a compofed trial of, and converfe with, their own
heart ; together with a devoting of themfelves and
their fubflance to the Lord; 2 — 5. (3) To encou
rage them to the ftudy of practical religion, he re-
marks what fuperlative fatisfaSion and reft he him- ,
felf had found in familiar fellowjhip with God, and " 19- pi- w. iv. ivi!

.in a believing dependance on him ; 6 — 8.

b John 1. 29. 2 Cor,
5. 11. If. 45. a*.

Pf. 26. I, 2.

c Job 36. 16. P(. 18.
19. & 40. 1 — 3. "

Ic

A Ver. 4, 8. Pf. 4
1,4.

ti. 27.
k pr. 50. 15. & 91.
15. & 99. 6. & 18.

To the * chief mufician on a Neginoth,
A pfalm of David.
I TEAR me when I call, O b God of iO0[1^',
JL my righteoufnefs : thou c haft en- 4>s-'
larged me when I was in diftrefs ; d have cPf'S8l&82"6-
& , , ' fPf. 3-3-&3=-«.
mercy upon me, and hear my prayer. job 29.20.
2 O ye efons of men, how long will sJon'2"8''pr-2-r's»
f ¦ n \ 7 > h zTlm- 2- ">•
ye turn my glory into fhame r how- long Jc™;I7(;.,9i;
s will ye love vanity, and feek after leaf- lphf',1J4.-s'
ing? Selah. i pr. 3. 4, & M. i5,
O 4> 6-
2 But "know that the Lord h hath fet kEPh.4.z6.jer.5.
apart him that is godly for himfelf : the , Pr'77 6 & 6i 6<
Lord ' will hear when I call unto him. z£h.'».5;.5'
4 k Stand in awe, and fin not : ' com- "^-^J**/,1;
mune with your own heart upon your &,%!' "' I4' u'
bed, and be ftill. Selah. npr.i., 1*1,5.9,
7 __ — 15. Ii. zo. 4.
c Offer m the facrifices of righteoufnefs, Job I3' ,5'
Y n • r t ° Pl,il- ?• l8i '9- *"
and n put your truft in the Lord. 2. z,. pi. i7. 14.
6 There be ° many that fay, Who will p pjs:M9.'t
fhew us any good ? Lord, p lift thou up ^f-2S^-''
the light of thy countenance upon us. q,pet. i.s.if.yr..
7 Thou q haft put gladnefs in my heart, imifli-'uX'
more than in the time that their corn and rjcbu.18.pr.35.
. , - r i Lev. 25. 18, & 26,.
their wine increafed* | DeUt.„. „
8 r I will both lay jne down in peace, ^fifzf^fi.

jealoufy and filial fear produce joys unfpeakable and full of glory.
While the woild contemn him, and riot in wantonnefs, let my
foul kifs, receive, love, adon, and fubmit to, God's S-<n; fo
fhall I be blefled in him with all fpiritual bleffings in time and
eternity. Reflections upon Psalm III. — Whilft I here behold Jefus
conflicting, crying, and conquering, -and entering into his glory,
let me think how often the greateft trials fpring from whence we

leaft expe£Ved them! from our own houfe, our near relations f
How numerous the feed ofthe ferpent; and how furious their op
pofition to Chrift and his people!1 But, if troubles drive us to our
God and our duty, we fhall be effeftually protected and honour
ably exalted. Our cries of faith fhall be fpeedily anfwered from
his temple, his heaven, his Chrift. Confederacies of foes unnum
bered, and fa, age as wild heads, fhaii bull enhance and fweetett,
our falvation and bleffing', and ihall bring upon, themfelves fear
ful, and lafting- ruin,.

Before Chrift
eir. 1 021.

David pleads for
and fleep ; for thou, Lord, only rnakeft
me dwell in fafety.
PSALM V.
Here ( 1 ) David, in the affured faith of God's hearing
his prayers, and hating his fins, fixes a daily, an early,
an earneft, a fteady, a grace-founded, correfpondence
with God, in his own ordinances of meditation, prayer,
praife, &c. I — 7. (2) He humbly requefts God' s
fpecial direction in duties, which his enemies had ren
dered difficult to perform ;fupplicates and predicts the
ruin of his implacable foes ; and, in the affured faith
ef obtaining it, implores comfort and profperity to his
fellow faints ; 8 — 1 2 .
To the chief mufician upon Nehiloth,
A pfalm of David.

PSALMS.

his enemies ruin.

GIVE a ear to my words, O Lord,
confider my b meditation.

jK.j.4. &4. 1. &
-19. 14. Sc 54. z.
b Exod. 14. 15,
I Sam. 1. 13. If.
fir10, Romi 2 Hearken unto the voice of my cry,
'"'tk'tTl'scjl' c my King-, and my God-: for unto thee
».&3j.j4. 'wni 1 pray.
d¥i.T£f6.%$. % d My voice fhalt thou hear in the
£'.% UIaI'Is. morning, O Lord; in the morning will
t5.Hab'.z.?.' ' I direcl: my prayer unto thee, and will
look up.
*\t&*t\T£ 4 For thou art not a God e that hath
fpr94.10.1iev.12. pieafure in wickednefs: neither f fhall evil
EPr.i.s.E«Lj-.4. dwell with thee.
pr. ,4.1-5. Zech. ^ The g foolifh ^AX nQt ftand . ^
* Heb. hefore, Une ^ flgj^ . fa0}1 fr^Q. ^ wor^erg Qf {{,[_
Ji Rev. 11, 8. & 11. Q Ult V.
tLies. 6 Thou h fhalt deftroy them that fpeak
1 T'lEiiI' Prov" + leafing: the Lord i will abhor * the
t.Heb. th, ma« of bloody and deceitful man.
bloods and deceits. ir tt r T • 1 1 ¦ 1
kjoih. 14. ,s. Heb. 7 But as for me, I will come into thy
$s%e\™\z\Ti. houfe in the multitude of thy mercy : and
\%-£z. sfte. z. in thy fear will I worfhip toward " thy
II Heb. the tomtit «/ V, „1 „<-„„, „1 „
th, hoiinefs. holy temple.
1 k.z£586&,;4j'8' ^ 'Lead me, O Lord, in thy righteouf-

Before Chrift
cir. I oz I.

p Pl. 140. 9, 10. Sc
59- 5, 11, 13-
II Or Make them
guilty. Rom. 3, 19,
10. & 7. 9.

nefs becaufe of m mine enemies ; n make
thy way ftraight before my face. m Heb. %-, why,
o For ° there is no * faithfulnefs + in ™™l""' "Sam-
their mouth ; their inward part is * very nPr-*s-4-&47.».
.,,/-- 1 ¦ , r • ^ o Pf. 36. 1—4. Mat.
wickednels ; their throat is. an open i^19^™^.
fepulchre; they flatter with their JLti^S
tOngUe. * Or fled/ajnfs.
10 p [I Deftroy thou them, O God ; ilet flnS#KS
them fall * by their own counfels ; caft ffZ°^2Fes.
them out in the multitude of their tranf- Ppr.
greftions ; for they have rebelled "againft
thee. 1 1 But r let all thofe that put their ^sfKj*!^;
truft in thee rejoice : let them ever fhout *or/,™(i«v
for joy, becaufe "f" thou defendeft them : r ,7^5'.'u. Hab. j.
let them alfo that love thy name be joyful ^'^llt'l.
in thee. 1 2 For thou, Lord, s wilt blefs the
. . . . - ., . sPf. uz. 1. &iz8.r.
righteous : with favour wilt thou £ com- * *)¦ "¦ & »s-
pafs him as with a fhield.
PSALM VI.
Obferve here, ( I ) David, though eminently holy, under
grievous and manifold troubles, ficknefs of body, charges
of guilt in his confeience, vexation of mind, attended
with defertion from God, and contempuous infults
from his enemies; 2, 3, 5, 6, 7. (2) His fupplica
tions, with ftrong cries and tears to 'God for mitjga-
tion of trouble, fupport under it, and deliverance from
it; 1 — 4, 6. {3) His triumphant feparation of
himfelf fom the wicked, in the full affurance of faith,
that God had heard, and would gracioufly grant, his
requefts, and would either convert or deftroy his op
pofers; 8 — 10.
To the chief mufician on Neginoth ' upon a fcjjf",*^
Sheminith, A pfalm of David. *"*
bLoRD, rebuke me not in thine *!£&;: g^"*
anger, neither chaften me in thy hot ^M?.?;""
. ° * J iSam. 7. 14.
eafure.

f Heb. thou covtrejl
evert or proteilefl -
them.

t Heb. crevm him, Pf,
32,. 10. Zech. 2> 5.

O
difpl

Reflections upon Psalm IV. — In every diftrefs God is a
fafe refuge to flee to : and, the more of his kindnefs we have expe
rienced, the more bold ought to be our prayers, and the ftronger
our faith. But bafe is the work, contemptible the character, and
vile the defires, of the wicked, when compared with thofe of the
godly. — What fear of God and his judgments, what ferious felf-
examination, what cordial dedication to God through Chrift, are
neceffary in them that are faved! — The wifhes ofthe unregenerate
are fenfelefs and fenfual : but exalted ' are the defires, readily
granted the felicity, and unmoved the reft, of them who firmly
believe. Retlections "upon Psalm V. — Meditation is the director,
. fervour the life, faith the prefenter, and a reconciled God in Chrift
as our e.wn the objeft, the morning a principal feafon, and patient

And, while the

expectation the attendant, of every true prayer.
hoiinefs, juftice, and mercy, of God iri Chrift demand our fin
cerity, and encourage our boldnefs, in approaching to his throne
of grace, the wickednefs and danger of finners, the number and
mifchievous intentions of our enemies, the difficulty of our duty,
and our need of immediate bleffings, fhould keep us firmly in the
exercife. Never fhould our brethren of mankind, and efpecially
our fellow faints, lack our warm remembrance in it : and, from
the prayer of faith, we may confidently expect the anfwer of peace.
But alas! miferable are the finners, the rebels, againft God and
his Chrift ! How. univerfal their corruption of heart — of tongue — >
of practice \ How fearful the ruin that awaits them ! But their
contrivances to difhonour Jefus Chrift, and afflicl: his people, or
to deliver themfelves, fliall be made the means of theij aggra
vated wo.

David fupplicates deliverance
drTiSS* 2 Have mercy upon me, O Lord, for
ipf.38.8.&os.4. 1 am * weak : O Lord, d heal me, for e my

PSALMS.

from trouble.

i11fL':itfzt bones are vexed.
« Job 33. 19. Pf 38.
1— 8. &51.S.
fPf. :'.. 14. & 41-
4, S & 77. 2-9.
Mat. 26. 38.

3 My f foul is alfo fore vexed : but
thou, O Lord, how long?
4 Return, O Lord, e deliver my foul:
s\-t'i\tlss-j. Oh fave me for thy mercies' fake.
& 86- n- I!- 5 h For in death there is no remembrance
h& !?s?'j7- ir." sa". of thee: in the grave who fhall give thee
thanks ?
^¦lliXl^tl: 6 ' I am weary with my groaning ; * all
ffW^'the night make I my bed to fwirn; I
*qs e»er, night. water my couch with my tears.
7 k Mine eye is confumed becaufe of
grief ; it waxeth old becaufe of all mine
enemies. 8 1 Depart from me, all ye workers
I,\Vi£:lfzt- of iniquity ; for the Lord hath m heard
Zl- the voice of my weeping.
9 " The Lord hath heard my fupplica-

kpf. 31.9.&38. 10.
Job 17. 7. Liutl 1.
II. & 5. 17.

lPf. 4. 1,4. Sc 119,
115. Luke 13. 27,

Jl Pf. 66. 19. & 116.
JL'&V^fri tion; the Lord will receive my prayer.
0z8.74'.its926'.& 10 °Let all mine enemies be afhamed,
ga&V*.?.' and fore vexed : let them return, and be
afhamed fuddenly. PSALM VII.
Here, accufed of traitorous confpiracy againft his fove
reign by king Saul, or by Cujh one of his courtiers,
David ( 1 ) Appeals to God concerning his innocency
of that crime; 3 — 5. (2) He fupplicates that God,
as Governor of the world and King of Ifrael, would
protect him from danger, plead his caufe, and give
judgment for him; 1,2,6 — 9. (3) In the exercife^
' of faith, he depends on God to protect and deliver him,
and to avenge the injuries which he had fuflained
upon his implacable adverfaries; 10 — 16. (4) He
refolves to afcribe the glory of all his deliverances to
God alone; if.
<c Hab. 3. 1. a Shiggaion of David
« othufnef,. the Lord,

, which he fang unto

concerning the

bpr. 11.5. &41. it.
& 56. 1. Sc 57. 1.
Sc 54. 1. iCo'r. 1.
JO. Ji,b 13. 15. II.
50,' 10.

words of
Cufh the Benjamite
^ Lord my God, in thee do I put'
my truft : fave me from all them
that perfecute me, and deliver me :

Reflections upon Psalm VI.— Not even kings are ex
empted from the common miferies of life ! But it is hard to rapport
under fore ficknefs and a wounded fpirit at once: and yet God's
deareft faints have often the largeft fhares of them. There is no
relief under fuch a burden, but to call: it on God. And when
our fins have been great, fo muft be our forrow. The removal
of the fenfe of God's difpleafure ma!! be more earneftly defired
than abatement of, or relief from, our fufferings. And, if God
ever regard us, it is neither for our righteoufnefs, nor for our for-
VOL. I.

2 Left he c tear my foul like a lion,
rending it in pieces, while there is + none
to deliver.
3 O Lord my God, d if I have done
this ; if there be iniquity in my hands ;
4 If I have rewarded evil unto him that
was at peace with me ; (yea, e I have
delivered him that without caufe is mine
enemy) ;
5 Let the enemy perfecute my foul,
and take it ; yea, let him f tread down
my life upon the earth, and lay s mine
honour in the duft. Selah.
6 h Arife, O Lord, in thine anger, lift
up thyfelf,* becaufe of the rage of mine
enemies : and awake for me to the judg
ment that thou haft commanded.
7 So i fhall the congregation of the
people compafs thee about : for their fakes
therefore k return thou on high.
8 The Lord fhall judge the people:
1 judge me, O Lord, according to my
righteoufnefs, and according to mine
integrity that is in me.
9 m Oh let the wickednefs of the wicked
come to an end ; but n eftablifh the juft :
0 for the righteous God trieth the hearts
and reins.
10 + My p defence is of God, which
faveth the upright in heart.
1 1 II God 1 judgeth the righteous ; and
r God is angry with the wicked every
day. 12 If he turn not, he will 5 whet his
fword ; he hath bent his bow, and made
it ready. 13 He hath alfo prepared for him the
inftruments of death ; he r ordaineth his
arrows againft the perfecutors.
14 u Behold, he travaileth with ini
quity, and hath conceived mifchief, and
brought forth falfehood.

Before Chrifl
cir. 1058.
cProv. 19. 12. If ;*'.
13. PI. 35. 15, 10.
& 50. 22.
t IIcb.!i;M *.',/-': r>.'.
d Job xxxi. Sc 16. 17
24. ]fi. 2, Cur. 1.
1?. 2. bam. 16 7, 8.
Pf. 59. 3.
e 1 Sam. 24. 7. & 26.
10,17. Sc 27,. 5, 12.
Rom. 12, 17, i<j— •
ZI.

f If. to. 6. Mal. 4.
h 3-
g Job 10. 9. & 31,
21, 22. Hcf. 9. iu
Prov. ic 7.
h Pf.91.7-.ft 3$. t,
& 44. 23,26. & 12.
5. U. 2 13, 14. &
33.ro. Sc 2.6. 21. Sc
51.9. Exod. 2.7,8,

iPf.48. 11. & 58.10,
11. Rev, 16. 5. &
18. 20 & 19. i— S.
& xi. 17, 18.
kK ;o. 18.Pf.43, 1.
Sc 75- 7, 8.

lPf.26. 1.&35. 14.
&43- 1. Sc itf. zQj
24. 6c 17. 2, 3.
rSam. 24. 11.

m Pf. $s. 6. Sc ?o. 16
— 23.. SC Oj. II.
n 2 Sam. 7. 16. 1 Pet,
5. 10. & 1. 5-.
Jude 1.
o 1 Sam. 16.7. 1 Chr*
28. 9. Pf. 139. 1.
Jer. 11. 20. Sc 17.
10. Sc 2.0. iz. Rev.
2. 23,
$ Heb. My buckler is
upon God.
p Gen. 15, 1. & 91/,
1— +. & 84. 11.
Prov. 11. 20.
|| Or Godis a righteous
judge.
HPr.35. 1.&4J.T.
Deut. 32. 36. Pi.
140. iz, 13.
r Pf. 5. 4, 5. Zech.
11. 8. Pf. 50. 16—
22. If. 48. 22.
iDeut.3z.4i. Ezek.
21. Q — 11. If. 34.
6. &59. 17, 18.&
ij. 5.
t Deut. 32. lj> 24.
Job xviii. xx xxii*
u Job 15. 35. If. 59.
4. Jam. 1. 15.

rows or fufferings but for his mercy in Chrift, However defir
able it is to be with Chrift in heaven, faints are to wifh for life
while it is for the glory of God and the good of his church. — But
quickly they, who fow in tears, fhall reap in joy. And, if God
anfwer one prayer, he will anfwer all that follow in faith. He is
the fame hearer of prayer yelterday, to-day, and for ever. Eut
clofj fellowlhip with God eiTV^u^lly draws thc faints from delight
in, or intimacy with, the wiclced: and 4'iio: and inevitable ruin
awaits their impenitent injure rs.
5 H

David celebrates God's

Ee<bre Chrift
cir. 1058.
* Heb. H-. I ah dig
ged a fit.
xPr. 9.15,16. Sc 140.
9 — 11. Sc 10. z. Sc
109. 17, iH. Prov.
5 21. & 26. 2.-7.
Eccl. 10. K. Efth.
v;i. ix. I Sum. i!5.

y PI. 58. 10. & 35.
zi. Rev. 16. 5. &
19. 1, z. Exod, xv.

15 * He made a pit, and digged it,
x and is fallen into the ditch which he
made. 1 6 His mifchief fhall return upon his
own head, and his violent dealing fliall
come down upon his own pate.
17 ^1 will praife the Lord according
to his righteoufnefs : and will fing praife
to the name ofthe Lord moft high.
PSALM VIII.
This pfalm contains a pleafant, but folemn, meditation
upon the glory, the greatnefs, and the grace, of God.
Obferve ( 1 ) How illuflrious and 'wide-fpread are
his glory and renown; 1, 3, 9. (2) By how weak and
inflgnificant inftruments he manifeft s and fpreads his
fuperlative fame ; 2. (3) His marvellous conde-
fcenfion and bounty to mankind, but chiefly to the man
Chrift, in uniting his human nature to his divine
perfon, and in giving him all power in heaven and
earth, for the benefit of his chofen people; 4 — S.
To the chief mufician^upon "Gittith,
A pfalm of David.
Lord our Lord, b how excellent is
thy name in all the earth ! who haft
fet thy glory above the heavens.
2 c Out of the mouth of babes and
fucklings haft thou * ordained ftrength be-
caiife of thine enemies, that thou mighteft
d ftill the enemy and the avenger.
2 When I e confider thy heavens, the
work of thy fingers, the moon and the
ftars, which thou haft ordained ;
nob7.j7.K-.j44- 3. 4 f What is man, that thou art mind-
Sc So. 17. Heb. z. < , . _
V^lft^' ful of him ? and the fon of man, that
thou vifiteft him ?
%l™--?\f2'.z. 5 sFor thou haft made him a little lower
Vtl'ilfCz.tl^s. than the angels, and haft crowned him
with glory and honour.

PSALMS. greatnefs and goodnefs.
6 '' Thou madeft him to have domi-

cir. 1060.
a Pf. Ixxxi. & 84.
title, with 1 Sam.
xvii.

b Exod. 34. 6-, 7.
Deut. 2B. 58. If.
12. 4, 5. Pi. 72. 17
—19. & 113. 4 — 6.
&148. 13. Phil. 2.
Sr— II-
c Mat. it. 16. & 11.
25. Sc 19 14.
1 Cor. 1. 26, 27.
* Heb. founded.

A Pf. 44. 16. & 46.
10. Rev. 6. 12 — 17.
& 19. 11 — 21.
e Pf. 111. 2. Sc 19. 1
— 6. job 36. 24.
Gen. 2. 2.

Before Chrift
cir. ic6o.

nioa over the works of thy hands ; thou h^ZTilM^
hafl put all things under his feet :
7 + All fheep and oxen, yea, and the ^f&f^.}^
beafts of the field ;

27.&28.18.1C01-, 15. 27. Eph. 1. 20.
—22. 1 Pet. j. 22.
Hebx- 2- Jihn 3,
35- & 17- a.
f Heb.FIctfo and txen
8 The fowl of the air, and the fifh of \^i^^i
the fea, and tvhatfoever paffeth through m !5 10 Exod
the paths ofthe feas. * . J?: &',?.*: )i
11. 7. Zech. 9. 17.
PC}',. J. Sc 86. 1ft
Sc 104. 24. Sc 74.
17-19.

9 O Lord our Lord, ' how excellent is
thy name in all the earth !
PSALM JX.
This pfalm was perhaps compofed on the occafion of his
fen Abfalom 's death; [2 Sam. xviii.] or on the occa
fion of the death of Goliath, the champion and duellift
of Gath; [1 Sam. xvii.] We have in it {1) David's
hearty thankfgivings to God for pleading his caufe
againfl his and his country's enemies, and for giving
him a complete victory,, over them ; I — 6 : and his
excitement of others to join with him therein ; 1 1,
12. (2) His triumph in God, as the righteous
Judge of the world, Protector of his people, and ¦ the
terrible deftroyer of his implacable enemies; 7 — 10,
15 — 18. (3) His requefts for further grounds of
praifing God, as his own deliverer, and the con-
founder of his enemies; 13, 14, 19,20.
To the chief mufician upon Muth-labben, 1060, or'1020.
A pfalm of David.
aWILL praife thee, O Lord, with "if^fHi
b my whole heart; I will fhew forth w^v. Is.' 1, 4.
j ' &19.1-9.C01.3..
all tby marvellous works. ™-
2 I will be glad and rejoice in thee: I ui.i.'&i'}8?*i,s,
will fing praife to thy name, cO thou c '' "£¦ \V££.
jX TJ- U Pf. 56. i.& 83.18.
moft High. Rom. 9.5.
2 When mine enemies are turned dP/ji8,'7''& *?£
back, d they fhall fall and perifh at thy ^-^-»>
nr^f^nr*^ * He\>. thouhafl made
piCICUUC. my judgment.
4 For ' thou haft c maintained my right eisam.xvi-wiii.
~ 2 Sam. ii. v.
and my caufe ; thou fatteft in the throne ;£{• *•'»!«. **.
fHeb.in rightecufnejs,*

judging + right.

Reflections upon Psalm VII. — While I here behold the
much-perfecuted and reproached Jefus, in his perfect righteoufnefs,
juftified by his Father, and avenged of all his enemies, Jewifh,
Heathen, &c. let me think how complete and commodious a re
fuge God is in every time of trouble! In him we can never be
moved. However brutifh and cruel our enemies be, while we are
weak we are ftrong ! No falfe accufation need difmay us while we
are confcious of our innocence, and have a gracious God to appeal
to as our witnefs and judge. There is no kindnefs which he will
not grant for the benefit of his people, and the glory of his own
perfections. Out of his favour there is no fafetv, and in it there
is no danger. If he juftify ur, none dare accufe or condemn us.
And, though our uprightnefs is not the condition of our eternal
happinefs, dreadful and unavoidable is the ruin of impenitent fin
ners. Their contrivances and attempts againft the godly (hall prove

means of their own deftruction; when they, who trufted in the
Lord and kept- his way, triumph in notes of endlefs praife.
Reflections upon Psalm VIII. — How glorious is the name
of our exalted Immmanuel, and of God in him! Quickly (hall
his kingdom fill both heaven and earth, however defpicable its
oracles, ordinances, and profeffors, now appear to a ca>rnal world.
By the weakeft inftruments he accomplifhes his greateft purpofes,
difplays his power and grace, and treads and triumphs over Satan
and his votaries. The glories of nature, but efpecially the graces
of redemption, fhould continually lead our hearts to the contem
plation of their glorious Author. How aftonilhing is it to fee fo
many creatures fubjecled to miferable man ; and efpecially to be
hold them all fubjeded to the once-debafed Chrift!

David foretells the ruin of finners. PSALMS.
5 Thou haft ( rebuked the heathen,

He complains of his wicked enemies.

Before Chrift
cir. 1060.
or 1020.

6 + O thou enemy, s deftruftions are
t'tlTZerfiLi come to a perpetual end : h and thou haft
i: ana their in 1 • • 1 • 1 •
cities ; their memorial is pe-

thou haft deftroyed the wicked, ' thou
f Vi*?iov'5v-7.& haft put out their name forever and ever.
68. 30. Prov. 10.7.
J Or The dcftrutlkm
of the enemy are
come end : ana tneir in i
due* hap thou de- deitroyed ^
firoyed, Sec. J 7
gExod.,4.n. jer. nflied with them.
Izek^-is-9' 7 5 But the Lord fliall endure for ever :
t.n 10.1, &i4 4 k he hath prepared his throne for judg-
-*.Jc-5-9,... ment_
I Pf. 90. 2. & 102.
M,j6.Heb.,3.8. g i And he fhall judge the world in
k*',l:Z&$.'l4. righteoufnefs ; he fhall minifter judg-
1 &9So".6'a&98,7?' ment to the people in uprightnefs.
1'' „ , o m The Lord alfo will be a " refusre
mPr.37.i9.&46.7. y ... a
z^fsilztnA. for the opprefled, a refuge m times of
6.J8. & 4.16.
R Heb. an high place.
« John 17. 3. 1 John
IS.i^nTim. will put their truft in thee : for thou,
43-1s- '4i'"' Lord, ° haft not forfaken them that feek
ozC„r..j.,o.If.46. fa^ 1 1 Sing praifes to the Lord,
vV{z%^;^£. p dwelleth in Zion: declare among the

trouble.

1, 4. & 49. 14, 15.
&S(. 8— 10. Hell.
J3-S- Jer. 32.40.

10 And they that n know thy name

who

14. 1. Sc 21. 3.

people his doings.
q|4e|9^''5-M9- 12 q When he maketh inquifition for
rpr. io.,?. sczz.z.i. blood he remembereth them : he r forget -
&i«. .7. k 44- eta not tae c^ o£ t^e * humble.
• or affined. j^ Have mercy upon me, O Lord;
s sTeZoa. z. 23- s confider my trouble which I fuffer of
ze. Sc J. J. P[.z$. J J 11
».& 119.132,153. them that hate me, thou that ' lifteft me
"5C&ric7!i0s.K38: up from the gates of death:
.jip'r.ci'Lviii.cxiv 1A " That I may fhew forth all thy
TklTzz%llc% praife in the gates of the daughter of
ic^Vo. 5' Zion : I will rejoice in thy falvation.
*&£$£*£¦. 1 5 * The heathen are funk down in the
&"7. z" pit that they made ; in the net which they
' *$££*%. hid is their own foot taken.
Sod. 9? \t.' "' 16 The y Lord is known by the judg-
zy.7&iS4o,69.Mh: ment which he executeth : " the wicked
«i. vn. .x. -g fnare(j -m the v^ork 0f his own hands.
a Amoftferloin mc- . oil
'*&°9"l3P''I> a Higgaion. Seiah.

Reflections upon Psalm IX. — All fuccefs, granted by God to
us, ought to animate us to the moft hearty praifes and thankfgiving
for that and all other deliverances. And, while profperity renders
us thankful, our chief joy muft be in the God of our mercies. It
is himfelf, as the Moft high in Chrift, that is our infallible fecurity
againft fear or danger. And, though the wicked profper for a
time, they are marked for lafting deftruclion. And, when God
begins, he will make an end. Thrice happy are they, however
poor and oppreffed, who have this God of Jacob, this high Sove
reign, this righteous Judge, for the objeft of their knowledge and
truft ! The more they know of him3 the more they will truft in

17 The b wicked fhall be turned into
hell, and all the nations that
God. 18

forget

Before Chrift
cir-. 1060.
. .01- 1020.

b If. 3. 1 r. Rom. 2.
S, 9, iThcl. 1. 7
For the needy fhall not alway be 4?ftiffiz.x~
the expectation of the poor c ^fsfiSivf,
fhall not perifh for ever.
d Arife, O Lord ;

forgotten

l9

let not man pre- d ^if *?-'&:

vail: let the heathen be judged in thy j.l: ,8"iepl'-
fight. 20 e Put them in fear, O Lord ; that e Kel'.'/s'T,'®: it-.
the nations may know themfelves to be VvicX'scf-ff.
but men. Selah.
PSALM X.
In this pfalm of lamentation and wo we have (i) Da
vid's mournful complaints of God's withdrawing his
gracious and comfortable prefence; i. (2) His
mournful and ftriking reprcfentation of the wicked
men who perfecuted him during God's abfence ; they
proudly gloried in themfelves ; they counteracted the
laws, and contemned the judgments, of God ; they
contradicted and defied their oppofers ; they were ma
il.:.... .  1.  / ....ee... l..1....:*:..i —j -*i..:n: a Pf. 4-1- *4- & 13. i
—3. Sc zz. 1, 1. ic
27. 9. Sc 30. 7. &c
101.2. II. 8. 17.&
ic. 15. Scdcs. 1,2.
* Heb. 7ll the pride tf
theui,l din dolls.
perfecute.
HY <a ftandeft thou afar off, O bExod.13.11.Deut.
Lord? why hideft thou thyfef^fff™
in times of trouble?
2 The wicked b in his pride doth

licious, treacherous, crafty, hypocritical, and atheifti
cal, perfecutors ; 2 — 11. (3) His earneft fuppli
cations for relief to the people of God, attended with
the firm faith of obtaining it; 1 2 — 1 8 . o

d Pf. 35. ji, 25. &
ifi.z, 3 Sc 52.7. Sc
73- 8, 9.
perfecute the poor: c let them be taken t»./«,!,.
in the devices that they have imagined. = p^y. 28. 4. with
3 'For the wicked d boafteth of + his tonj.:««,„i;r/-.
heart's defire, and e + bleffeth the covet- hoflnhiheloRD.
ous, whom the Lord abhorreth. ff".%ifh:'fzf'
4 The wicked, f through the pride of s0r»','«' <<>¦'¦"
¦ 7 O ^ r are, There ,3 no
his countenance, will not feek after God: °°f. FL I4' '' &
s God is not in all his thoughts. hrr.36.1-4.R0m.
0 3- M—17-
5 His h ways are always grievous; thy ut.',.
judgments are ' far above out of his fight :
as for all his enemies, he k puffeth at
them.

Cc 1. j. Sc
ii. 1 - 1 3. A- 28.
15. Sczd. 11.&42.
25. Hoi. 4. 6. Sc
7.9.
kPf. 12. ;. Prov.2(j,
8. Mal. 1. ij.

him. Sweet fhall be their fongs of deliverance in the church, in
the ordinances below,' but efpecially in the heavenly Zion above.
j->ut, while God remembers them in mercy, and grants their long-
waited-for requefts, fearfully will he manifeft his hoiinefs, equity,
and power, in the temporal and eternal ruin of his and their wicked
enemies. — But ought we not here chiefly to contemplate, with
joy and thankfulnefs, the bleffings of redemption, and the victo
ries of our Redeemer over fin/death, and hell, Jews, heathens,
and antichriftians, and all other incorrigible oppofers; and to be-.
lieve that we through him fhall be more" than conquerors!
5H 2

Alheifieal finners are ruined.

Eefore Chrift
cir. 1058.
III. 47.8. Rev. 18^.
iT-hef. 5.2,3. .
.11 K~h urlo renerz-
t.oii niidvaicrati^n.
iii Rom. 3. 74. Pf. c.
g.Sc 36. 3. Job,20.
13-
* Heb. deceit!.
f Or iniquity.
Si Prov. 1. 11, 12.
Hab. 3. 14. PI. 17.
II. Mic. 7. 2.
% Heb, hide thettl'
Jelves.
J Heb. in the fecret
places.

* Heb. he Inaketb
himfelf.
f Or into his ftrong
parti.
0 Pf. 94. 7. & 64. 5.
Job 22. 13. Ezek.
8.1. Sc 9. 9.
pPf. 3.7. Scj.6- Sc
cs. 12, 19. Exod. 7.
5. If. 5. 25. & 9.
32. & 33. JO. MlC.
5.9.
X Or afflicted.
qPf.74. 10,18. &73>
8, 9. Exod. 5, z.
r PI. 9. 12. Eccl. iz.
14. Prov. JI. 21.
Gal. 6. 7.
£ Heb. 4. 13. Prov.
JI. 31. Jer. 16. 17,
J8. & 25. 14.
Ezek. 7. 3, 8.
|| Heb. leaveth.
t Pf. 68. 5. & 146. 9.
Hof. 14. 3.
11 Pf. 37. 17. Ezek.
30. 21. & 31. 17.
Job 38. 15.
xPf.7. 9. Job 20. 27.
Rom, 1. 18.
y Pf. 29. 10. & 145.
13. Sc 146. 10. Jer.
10. 10. Lam. 5. 19.
Dan. 4. 34. Sc 6.
26. I Tim. 1. it.
&6.15.
2 Exod. 23. 27. Pf.
44, 2,3. & 78. 55.
a Ver. 12, 14. PI. 9.
12,18. Lev. 26. 41.
2Chr.34.27. Jam.
4. 10. I Pet. 5. 5.
* Or eftablifh.

6 He hath faid in his heart, * I fhall
not be moved ; for I fhall H never be in
adverfity. 7 m His mouth is full of curfing and
£' deceit and fraud : under his tongue is
mifchief and + vanity.
8 He n fitteth in the linking places of
the villages : in the fecret places doth he
murder the innocent : his eyes + are pri
vily fet againft the poor.
9 He lieth in wait " fecretly as a. lion
in his den : he lieth in wait to catch the
poor : he doth catch the poor when he
draweth him into his net.
10 * He croucheth, #W humbleth him
felf, that the poor may fall + by his
ftrong ones.
1 1 He ° hath faid in his heart, God
hath forgotten : he hideth his face ; he
will never fee it.
1 2 Arife, O Lord ; O God, * lift up
thine hand : forget not the + humble.
13 1 Wherefore doth the wicked con-
heart,

PSALMS. David comforts himfelf in God's' equity.
heart ; b thou wilt caufe thine ear to

111

his

temn God ? he hath faid
Thou wilt not r require it.
1 4 Thou s haft feen it ; for thou be-
holdeft mifchief and fpite, to requite it
with thy hand : the poor " committeth
himfelf unto thee ; thou art the ' helper
of the fatherlefs.
1 5 ° Break thou the arm of the wicked
and the evil man : x feek out his wicked
nefs //// thou find none.
1 6 y The Lord is King for ever and
ever : the heathen z are perifhed out of
his land.
17 Lord, a thou hafl heard the defire
ofthe humble : thou wilt '"'prepare their

Reflections upon Psalm X. — What a heavy burden to an
exercifed faint are the hidings and frowns of his God ! and the
greateft faints undergo, the fevereft trials of their faith. Men's
perfecutions, or Satan's temptations, often unite with God's ab-
fence to diftrefs the foul. Behold, into what dreadful monfters
fin has transformed men — proud — perfecutors — boafters — covetous
— prayerlefs — carelefs of God and religion— difobedient — impeni
tent — infolent — fecure — profane — treacherous — heretical — mur
derous — hypocritical — blafphemous ! But their wickednefs is all
before the Lord. And, to revenge their affronting of himfelf, to

hear;

Before CnriH
cir. 10.58.

b If. 65. 24. Pf. ioz.
18 To e judge the fatherlefs and the e£ H ^ r
oppreffed, that the a man of the earth *• L*»«"s: -V

may no more P S

opprefs.

A L M XI.

d Pf. 17. 14,'Hiil. J.
18, 19. Rev. 1. 7.
Luke 17. 8. & 1U
16—21. I
i Or terrify..

Let us behold here (i) David tempted by his timorous
Jriends to efcape to feme mountain, and hide himfelf
from the fury of Saul or of Abfalom, as if that were
his only fafe courfe now that his enemies were exert
ing themfelves to the utmoft, and all things were in.
diferder and confufion; I — 3. (2) David baffling
the temptation by a refolute profeffion of his truft in
God, as the obferver of all men-^-as the holy and
righteous fipunijher of the wicked, and friend of the^
godly; 4—7.
To the chief mufician, , A pfalm of David.
TN a the Lord put I my truft

£2 Tim. 1. 11. If. 26*
b h0W Job^isViirom.
jl fay ye to my foul, Flee as a bird to „ *£. A ,9. &
your mountain ? 2: \t %%f*
2 For, lo, c the wicked bend their bow, cVftsc\f ;.%%,:
thev make ready their arrow upon the i_I°-
n . , . J * • -J n * Heb. in darknefs.
firing, that they may privily moot at dpr.75.j.&te.j.
the upright in heart. &s8'''2-
Tr A 1 r 1 • 1 in jc Hab- z- m- &ch-
2 If the foundations be deftroyed, Iffft-66-1-™
what can the righteous do ? fHetM.u.Ter.g.
rmi T • 1 • ' 1 1 1 24. & 17. IO. PI".
4 • 1 he Lord is in his holy temple, ^fX^66^-
the Lord's throne is in heaven : f his eyes e pr. ,;. }. & i6.. ,.
behold, his eyelids try, the children of •¦l-V^i- e
men.

<j g The Lord trieth the righteous : ._ ' ,9'
./ O 10211.19. 24.

h Pf. 5. 4, 5. Sc 10. f..
Rom. 1. 30, Prov.
6. 16 — 19. Job 18.

h but the wicked and him that loveth vio- fJT&^.n'-IJ.
lence his foul hateth. &M™jfg.'H'
6 { Upon the wicked he fhall rain f o'LjL^w,.
+ fnares, fire and brimftone, and + an tor „ huminStcmp,j.
horrible tempeft : this fhall be the k por- *?£'£%&&
tion of their cup. £'0?*^.s,lm','4'
7 1 For the righteous Lord loveth righ- 1G3Tfn.s^j^

honour his people's relation to, dependance on, and expectations
from, him, and to manifeft his wonted readinefs to appear in their
behalf, he will quickly arife to punifh them. And, when God
breaks the power, and in awful vengeance manifefts the wicked
nefs, of their enemies, he deals kindly with his people. When the
wicked are caft down, they are lifted up to fafety, hoiinefs, and
honour ! And he ufually pours out upon them a remarkable fpirit
of humility, and of earneft fupplication, as the mean of ufhering
in their deliverance.

EXPLANATORY NOTES. Ps al m XI. Ver. 3. If the foundations be deftroyed,
j. e. if all regard to the laws of God, all regard to order and juftice, be gone, what
fafety can the moft innocent or virtuous expcil ! 0. Snares, fire, and brimftone,

Sec. fignify all the terrible and unavoidable judgments which God executes upon the
wicited, in time and eternity ; fuch as he executed upon Saul and his agents.

God' delivers the oppreffed godly.

PSALMS.

Divine defer tion iffuing in joy.

coloso* teoufnefs ; ra his countenance doth behold
B,pf.s.iz.& 34.15. the upright. -
If. 62. 5. Zeph. 3. f o
17. zChr, 1&.9. PSALM XII.
In this pfalm, ivhich- was probably penned during the
reign of Saul, obferve ( I ) The times rendered ex
tremely bad, by the almoft univerfal death of the
godly, the general decay of piety and honeftly, the com
mon prevalence, of diffimulation and flattery ; by the
proud and daring contempt of God,, and opprefjing of
the ppor; and by the protection, and encouragement
of wickednefs by thofe that bare .rptle in church or
ftate; 1 — 4, 8. (2) Enough in God to balance
the evils, of the worft of times. He. is re.ady fo help.
He vjill iri due. time reckon with the wicked, and
reftrain their infolence. He will feafonably and
effectually relieve his oppreffed people. His words
are pure, firm, and faithful; and he will alway fe
cure a remnant for himfelf: I, 5: — 7.
'Sf.n£?S5: To the chief mufician a Upon Sheminith,
A pfalm of David.
• Or Save.
blf. 57. 1. Mic. 7. t,
2. Gen. 6. 12. Pf.
14. I — 4. & 4. 2. , fail from among thq children of men.
'*£$.* 5&f! 2 c They fpeak vanity every one with
his neighbour: with flattering lips, and
anheZ:"" with "I" a double heart, do they fpeak.
df!l5?f£;'8' 3 d The LoRD ^^ cut ofF a11 flatter"
l/x'xxvi.'xuxvi'i. ing lips, and the tongue that fpeaketh
& 54. i7. jnde 15. + o r ¦> . a r
t Heh. great, hings. + pi"OUd thingS '.
eExod.iS.9.p:.73. a " Who have faid, With our tongue
8,-9. Jer. z. 31. fff . .11 ^
Exod. 5. z. W1[[ we prevail ; our lips » are our own :
II Heb, are with us. -i ¦ -i -i %
,.,., . who is lord over us ?
t Exod. Z. 2.3— 25. Ss
idifto('sll%l 5 For the oppreffion of the poor, for
Mick.Vo,7ia" the fighing of the needy, now will I arife,
• oc^denfnare faitri the Lord ; I will fet, h im in fafety

words : as filver tried in a furnace of cir?" 058?
earth, purified feven times.
7 h Thou fhalt keep them, O Lord; "fstftpltl
thou fhalt preferve + them from this ge- t Heb, ;;I°tL ,-,
neration for ever.
8 'The wicked walk on every fide when '"^pro"
+ the vileft men are exalted.

>-y one oj them.
Mic. 6.
29.2,12.
MjI. 3. 15, 16.
JHeb thev i.flofth.
jons of men are ex
alted.

HELP, Lord ; for. b the godly
man ceafeth ; for the faithful

gisam. 22.31. pr. from him that " puffeth at him
19. 9. & 18. 30. ScJ Sr
6 s The words of the Lord are pure

8.3c
« 1 19. 140. Prov
30.5.

H

PSALM XIII.
Here we have the Pfalmift fevfing in tears, but reaping
in joy. Obferve (1) His extreme diftrefs, occa
fioned by God's apparent unkindnefe, and by inward ¦
anguifh of foul, and the infolence of enemies; I, 2.
(2) His fervent fupplications that God would confi
der his cafe, ftrengthen his faith, direct his goings,
and comfort his heart ; 3,4. (3) Sudden deliver
ance, flowing from a fixed truft in God, and inducing
io a triumphant joy in him; 5, 6.
To the * chief mufician, A pfalm of * 0r "•*¦»
David.
OW long wilt thou forget me, O 'Ml&fiVL
T . °r 111 -1 1, 2. & 9. 18. Deut.
L,ord I forever? now fong wilt H-^f^p-t
thou hide thy face from me ? IO'
2 b How long fhall I take counfel in b£#&£*ft
my foul, having forrow in my heart
daily? L how long fliall mine enemy be ^-'k^f-7-"
exalted over me ? t^H'.
2 d Confider and hear me, O Lord ray dpr- *s- s%, i9. &
Hfc J 119.153. Sc 143.7,
God: lighten mine eyes, left I fleep the \;?%*\j?%.
feep of death ; 39- ' ''' ' J"' 5'*
4 eLeft mine enemy fay, I have pre- '^Vlzll™: ,
vailed againft him ; and thofe that trouble 1&~'s"
me rejoice when I am moved.
5 f But I have trufted in thy mercy; f&i':",pr.
my heart fhall rejoice in thy falvation. i^4-84if.s.2.
gPf. ciii.cxvi.cXYiiu

6 1s will fing unto the Lord, becaufe
he hath dealt bountifully with me.

Sc 40. 1—5.

Reflections upon Psalm XI. — The faints' foreft tempta
tions come as often from carnal friends as from their inveterate
enemies : and often the moft upright and blamelefs meet with the
greateft malignity on earth. When wicked rulers have once un
hinged the fundamental laws of equity, the greateft virtue often
expofes men to the greateft danger. But, while God is in Chrift,
in the church, arid in heaven, they who truft: in him need never
defpair. Nothing efcapes his notice, and nothing fhall efcape,
without a due reward. While in his afflicting the righteous he
but tries them for their purification and honour, the hoiinefs and
equity of his nature demand that his unavoidable judgments fhould
in a terrible manner deftroy the wicked. -
Reflections upon Psalm XII. — It is fearfully ominous
when thofe diftinguifhed faints, who fupport nations or churches,
are removed by death, while n<jne are raifed up to fill their room.
Perilous are the times when piety towards God and integrity to
wards men ceafe — when all men feek their own, not the things of

Jefus Chrift — when hypocrites by fair fpeeches deceive the fimple !
But pride muft have a fall; either before the throne of grace, or
into the depths of hell! And, though God for a time may feem
ingly overlook his people, he will never forget, difregard, or caft
them off. He beft knows when to deliver; and, if we have but
faith, he will never fail. When the faints' night of trouble is at the
darkeft, and their prayer fervent, their deliverance is near. While
God's pure and precious promifes ftand faft in Chrift, no increafe,
activity, or malice, of v/icked men fhall ever be able utterly to
deftroy or deceive his people.
Reflections upon Psalm XIII. — How painful, to an exer
cifed believer, is the fenfe of God's abfence and frowns ! An hour
is an age without his love ! But the moft precious faints are often
exercifed with long and conftant forrows: and their anxiety and
vain contrivances to help themfelves will but add to their burden,
entangle them more and more, and bring them to the brink of
defpair. But, though God hide, and frown, and fmite, his new

Man s finfulnefs : God's falvation.

PSALMS.

Neceffary purity of church members

Before Chrift
cir. 1058.

A L M

XIV.

This pf dm reprefents the fearful finfulnefs and mifery of
mankind, and the marvellous method of deliverance
from it. Behold ( 1 ) All mankind fearfully infected
with the malady of finful corruption in heart and life ;
which in its exercife fo vilely diflwnours God, debafes
and defiles the foul, and difturbs the world around ;
1 — 3. (2) Warm expofiulations for the conviction,
awakening, and reclaiming, of wicked men; 4-7-6.
(3) Confolations exhibited to the righteous, from
God's being among them, and being a refuge to them,
and from his fending his Son to fave and redeem
them ; 5 — 7-
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of David.
THE a fool hath faid in his heart,
fhcre is no God. b They are cor
rupt, they have done abominable works,
there is none that doth good.
2 The c Lord looked down from hea
ven upon the children of men, to fee if
there were any that did underftand and
feek God.
3 They are all d gone afide ; they are
*f£'£jiTt.*-' aU together become e filthy: f thefe is
t Rom. 3. 10. Eph, none that doth good, no not one.
- z"p'e73z. i"-"' 4 e Have all the workers of iniquity no
8|4.7Eph'.4C,T,',8: knowledge ? who h eat up my people as
haImX. lhey eat bread' and cal1 not- upon ^the

aPf. 10. 4. & 5J.T.
bPf-5M— 5.&civ.
&j6. 1— 4. Tit. 1.
16. Mat. 12. 14. Sc
1*. 19. Jer. 17. 9.
Gen. 6. 5. Job 14.
4. Rom. i.ai— 31.
Eph. .a. 1—3.
cPf. ix. 4. & 33. 13.
Gen. 6. iz. Rom.
3. 10— 19.

dEccl. 7. 29. Jer. i
13. Rom. 3. 23.

leSJ-ttzf^' Lord.

great

fear,

•Heb. they feared a 5 There "" were they in
iir.41.10 &4, 1, 'for God is in the generation of the righ-
*. Pf.Z4.6.&/3. ° * "
J5.&112.2. & teous.
kpr.22.7,8.&,.g. 6 Ye have k fhamed the counfel of
£.10.1?: 25^' the poor, becaufe the Lord is his re
fuge.
1 pr. 25. 22. sc 130. 7 t Oh that the l falvation of Ifrael
8. If. 45.17. Zech. ' ... .
'i'lfixim^'zc.' were come out of Zion I when tbe Lord

f Heb. v:ho will give.
Sec.

m bringeth back the, captivity of his
and Ifrael

Before Clirill
cir. 1058.
mjob 42.10. Pi. 110.

people, Jacob fhall rejoice,
fhall be glad. PSALM xv:
Here let us ( I ) With wonder obferve the happy ftate
of prefent fellow Jhip with God in his church on earth,
and of everlafting fellowfhip with' him in the temple,
above ; and how fixed the faints are in this their new
covenant ftate; 1,5. (2) Let us, with felf-exami-
nation, remark the dif criminating, characters of fuch
as are admitted to that happyflate. They are fin
cere, upright, and honeft, in all their ways; are kind
to- neighbours ; they efteem ' others in proportion to
the appearance of Chrift's image on them; and
they prefer a good confeience to every earthly advan
tage ; 2 — 5. A.pfalm of David.
LORD, -? who fliall * abide in thy
tabernacle ? who fhall dwell in thy
holy hill? (. .......
2 b He that walketh uprightly, and
worketh righteoufnefs, and fpeaketh the
truth in his heart.
3 He that c 'backbiteth ¦ not with his
tongue, nor doth evil to his neighbour,
nor + taketh up a reproach againft , his
neighbour. 4 d In whofe eyes a vile perfon is con
temned; but he honoureth them that
fear the Lord. He that fweareth to his
own hurt, and e changeth not. ^fit^z?
5 l He that putteth not out his money Sa* ,8:8:&
to ufury, nor g taketh reward agaiiift the B*£"i'9?s-8''DBttU
innocent. h He that doth thefe things fhall hipct.i.4-«.;?r,
never be moved. PSALM' xVl.
This pfalm is indeed a Michtam, a golden pfidra. Here
is the man according to God's heart, ( 1 ) Committing

1045, or 1020.
aPf.z4. 3,4.&i.j.
Sc 2. 6. Rev, 14, j,
4-J°>"35-3-J<-or. 13. 5.
* Heb. fojourn.
blf. 33. 15,16. Zech.
8. 16. 2 Cor. 1. 12.
Afts 24. 16. Luke
1.6.

c Lev. 19. 16. Pf. 34.
13.- Exod. 23. 1.
Jam. 4. 11. ,

f Ol receiveth, or
endureth.

d 1 Kill. 3. 14. Efth.
3. 2. Pf. J0I. i.
Luke 23. 9. Pf.
H0.63,H5.&l6.
3. Rom. iz. II.
e Exad. zo. 7. Mat.
5- 33-

J2. 39,40. Pl.IZJ.
1, 2. Mal. 7'. 25.
Prov. 10. zj.

covenant relation cannot be broken. Let Satan and his agents
triumph as they may in their fall, there is full hope of their recovery;
nay, it is at hand. Truft in God's mercy, and prayers poured into
his bofom will quickly iffue in great deliverance and joy.
Reflections upon Psalm XIV. — How defperately wicked
are human hearts ! If all their thoughts were manifefted, how hor
rible and fhameful the fight! Atheifm in heart is the fource of all
our corruption in life! Men are very fimilar in fin, particularly in
inward corruption. And there is great reafon to blefs God for
the riches of his grace if any thing good is implanted in us by his
Spirit. How abfurdly, and againft confeience, muft men act
yrjtien they eat up, with pjeafure hate, reproach, perfecute, and
opprefs, the people of God ; or neglect prayer to him ! Or when
they attempt to Jh a me and banter poor faints out of their religion,
and dependence on him ! But, if God be for us, who can be againft
us. Secret terrors fhall apprehend our moft jovial perfecutors.
How fervent are right defires for falvation through Chiift; and

how ravifhing our enjoyment of it! For now is come Jefus^ and
his falvation and ftrength; let Jews and Gentiles magnify the
Lord, and rejoice in God their Saviour.
Reflections upon Psalm XV. — Profeffors of religion have
great need to examine themfelves. Many have a place in God's
church below who will never be admitted into . his holy heaven.
And, if we would know our true ftate, God's word muft be the
fole ftandard, and his Spirit the great director and manager of our
trial. It is not fair words, nor high pretences, but uniform obe
dience in heart and life to God's law, that will prove the reality
of our grace. We muft exercife ourfelves to keep a confeienee
void of offence towards God and man ; to, keep good company ;
and to have no fellowfhip with the unfruitful works of darknefs,
but rather to reprove them. Though our hoiinefs and virtue be-
not the foundation of our unchangeable happinefs, they are the
marks of our being rooted and grounded in Chrift, our infallible
eftablilher.

David and Jefus' hoiinefs- and honours.

PSALMS.

David fupplicates prefervation, &C.

Before Chrift
cir. 1058.

himfelf to God as his Preflerver; 1. (2) Avowing
his endeared love to the people, and ft rict adherence
to the worfhip, of God; 3, 4. ' (3) With great con
fidence and joy claiming God for his fatisfying portion ;
2,-5 — 7. (4) Comforting himfelf in, and bleffing
God for, his prefent intimacy with him, and grant
ing direction to him, and for his certain profpeel of the
eternal enjoyment of him ; 8 — 11. But chiefly
Jefus, the man of God's right hand, furrendervig
himfelf up to his Father's fervice, in room of, and for
the everlafting advantage of, his elect! taking out
his new covenant claim to God as his God and portion
for ever, and as our God and portion in him! Behold
how, fupported of God, in his holy manhood he fuffer s
unto a tremendous death and debafed burial, in hopes
-of eternal honours! a Michtam of David.
RESERVE b me, O God ; for in
thee do I put my truft.
2 O my foul, thou c haft faid unto the
Lord, Thou art my Lord : d my good-
dJpi;p.9,'iaRom: nefs extendeth not to thee ;
eE'ph.'i.i.coi.i.z. 2 But e to tne f^nts that are in the
S&m^u-oI: earth, and Jo the excellent, in whom is
all my delight.
4 Their forrows- fhall be multiplied
/Pf.32.l0.&97.7. .7. *fi /»»/-, , 7 1-
Rev. 14.9-... that 'haften after another god: their
gIf7.Hor.!2.Jjf ¦ drink-offerings of blood will I not offer,
hjf&23265'.S!?9: uor stake up their names into my lips.
Sm.T.7:24- 5 h The Lord is the portion + of mine
^ tier-, of my pan. inheritance, and of my cup : * thou main-
"L&i-ztXl taineft my lot.
6 The k lines are fallen unto me in

nOsAgoldcn pfalm of
llavi- PI. Ivi—
lx. title.
b Pf. 17. 5, 8. Sc 2Z.
8. If. 42. I. Sc 50.
6—9. Afls z. 25.
Sc 13. 35-
cZech.l3.9-pr-3'- ..&91. '
.& zz

P

14.&91.Z. &»9-
zZ.S

4. Pf. 119. 63.
# Or five gifts ta
ctnoisce.

I." & 53. IO— IZ.
k Prov. 3. 17. If. 53,
ii.Heb.12.2. pieafant places', yea, 'I have a goodly
ljer. 3. 19. iPet. 1. f ¦« J ' O J
4. EPh. 3. 18, 19. heritage.
John 20. 17. Rom. O
*• ,7> 7 I will m blefs the Lord, who hath
m Pf. 72. 17—19. . r , ¦ \ r • n r,
mm. n. 2S, 26. given me counlel : my reins alio inftruct

If. u. 2—4. Sc 4
17-

me in the night feafons.
O

8 n I have fet the Lord always before
me : becaufe he is ° at my right hand, I
fhall not be moved.
9 Therefore my heart is glad, and my
p glory rejoiceth : my flefh alio fliall + reft
in hope. 10 1 For thou wilt not leave my foul
in hell ; neither wilt thou fuffer r thine
Holy One to fee corruption.
1 1 s T hou wilt fhew me the path of life :
1 in thy prefence is fulnefs of joy ; at thy
right hand there are pleafures for ever
more. , PSALM XVII.
Here, in the depths of diftrefs, ( I ) David appeals to God
concerning the integrity of his heart and the juflnefs
of his caufe; I — 4. (2) He prays for eflablifhment
in grace within ; for tokens of divine favour from
above ; and for prefervation from his carnal, mali
cious, infolent, reftlefs, and powerful, enemies around;
5 — 14. (3) He triumphs in the affured faith of
his everlafting enjoyment of, and conformity to,
God; 15. A prayer of David.
EAR a * the right, O Lord ; b at-

Defore Chrift
cir. IO58.

n Afls 2. 25. 1 Cor.
10. 31. Pf. 73- 23.
Sc 119.168. & 139.
18.
0 Pf. 109. 31. If. 42.
1. & 50. 6 — 9.

p Cen. 49.6. Afls 2.
26. Job 14. 14.
Heb. 11. 35.
X Heh. dwell conf.
dently.
q Afls 2. 27, 31. &
'3- 35-
rDan. 9. 24. Luke r.
35. Sc 4. 34. Mark
1. 24. Afls 3. 14.
s Afls 2. 28. Pf. 21.
4. I Pet. 1. zi.
Rom. i>. II.
tPf. 21. 5, 6. Sc 110.
I, 5. Heb. 12. 2. If.
53. 10 — 12. Mat. .
25.34. I Pet, 1.4.

aPf. 7. 8. Sc 18. 20.
&43. 1. II. 3S.3.

give ear unto *Heb->/«

tend unto my cry
my prayer, that goeth t not out of feigned
lips. 2 c Let my fentence come forth from
thy prefence : let thine eyes behold the
things that are equal.
3 d Thou haft proved mine heart ;
thbu haft vifited me in the night ; thou
haft tried me, and fhalt find nothing : I
e am purpofed that my mouth fhall not
tranfgrefs.

bPf.6l.l.&i42.<5. & 66. 19. 2 Chr.
7. 15. Neh. 1. 6.
Dan. 9. 19.
| Heb. without tips of
deceit.
cPf.7.8.&43. 1.&
18. 20, 23, 24.

it Job 23. 10. Pf.7. g.
& 11. 5. & 26. 2.
Mal. 3.2, 3. Zech.
13. 9. I Per. j. 7.
Jam. 1. 12. iCor.
4.4.
ePf. 39. 1. Jam. 3.2.
Afls II. 23.-

Reflections upon Psalm XVI. — Truft in God does not
merit, but it fecures, divine prefervation, as God cannot difappoint
one who believes his word, or refts on his new covenant charac
ters. "Our hoiinefs cannot profit God, but it marks us his, and
tends to our advantage ; and, next to fellowfhip with God, that
with ourfelves is the moft excellent and ufeful. But, the more a
believer advances in hoiinefs, the more humble thoughts he will
have of himfelf, in view of the pure and all-fufficient Jehovah.
They who delight in God will delight in thofe who bear his image,
as the moft excellent on earth. Such as have Jefus Chrift as their

atonement, and God in him, need no idols or other facrifices.
And, if we want to banifh idolatry, the moft diftant appearances
of it ought to be avoided and abhorred. But happy are they who
have God as their portion, their wealth, and comfort, by his own
gofpel grant! This fecures againft want as well as againft ruin.
This fecures direction in time, comfort in death, and glory through
eternity. And O how pleafant death and eternity appear, when '
Chrift is cpnfidered as our way, as our forerunner, and God in
him as our everlafting all in all!

Psalm XVI. Ver. y. The Lord and his fulnefs, anfwerable to every need,
every defire, is reprefented as a lot or portion, in allufion to the fhares of Canaan,
which were divided by lot, #Ium. xxxiv.; and to the fliares of liquor in cups at
feafts; importing how permanent, unalterable, refrefliing, and ftrengthcning, he is to
the enjoyers. 10. Hell, with refpecl to David or Chrift, cannot fignify the place
of the damned ; for thither they never went : hut it may include great diftrefs of
fpirit, the grave, and the ftate of the dead.
Psalm XVII. Ver. 1. Prayer is called meditation; becaufe our requefts ought to
be ferioufly confidered before we prefent them to God. It is called a lifting tip cj am

puls, and pouring out of our hearts; becaufe our requ»fts muft be the earneft defires of
our foul. It is called fupplication, fcch'iug, knocking, incriiii-ing, to denote the humility
and earneftnefs of our petitions. It is reprefented as a crying,- ftghing, groaning, and
breathing, to fignify our great preffures and neceflities, and the great earneftnefs of
our defires after relief. It is reprefented as a looking to, talking with, and taking hold
of God, to denote the humble familiarity, importunate earneftnefs, and patient refig
nation, neceffary therein. From the geftures ufed in it, it is reprefented as a bo-ch-g,
kneeling, falling down, or flanding before God : and, from its acceptablen-ls to <Jud,
it is rcpiefenccd as odours, or incenfe.

David's prayers and hopes. PSALMS.
cir°"io;s\ 4 Concerning the works .of men, f by
the word of thy lips I have kept me from
the paths of the deftroyer.
5 s Hold up my goings in thy paths,
that my footfteps *¦ flip not.
6 I h have called upon thee, for thou
wilt hear me, O God : incline thine ear
unto me, and hear my fpeech.
7 Shew thy ' marvellous loving kind-
i nefs, O thou U that faveft by thy right
fflffl^f hand them which put their truft in thee

His grateful love to God.

f Pi. 119.9, ii. K-om-
u. 2. lPet. 5. S.
£ Pf. Iig. 5- SC 121.
I. 7, b. & 91. 18.
Jti. ic z;.
J Heb. ic n;f moved.
h Pf. 50. 7;. & 116.
2 ^SS- 1S.If.65.
24. & 58. 9.
i Pf. 31. 21. Sc 36.7.
If, 6j. 7, 9. Rom.
5. 20, 21. Eph. 2.
4i 7-
'fiOr that ftrvtft them
VL'ikbtrufi in th

KDeu,.,,,o.z=ch. from thofe that rife up againft them.
*.*..*«. j.j. g k j^e£p me as ^g appie 0f the eye,
m."z3. zji'iiX hide me under 'the fhadow of thy .wings.
2. iz. -I r* *
9 From the wicked * that opprefs me,
from + my deadly enemies, W/60 compafs
mjobis.z-. pr.73. me about.
7. &119.7:!. Deut.
32. 15. I o

- * Heb. that wafte me.
f Heb. my cnem'u
againft 'the foul.

They are enclofed in their own
with their mouth they fpeak

1 1 u They have now eomp.affed us in
our fteps : they have p fet their eyes bow-

n Pf. 10. 3, 6. & 38. r 4. n
12. sc 73. 8, 9. & rat :
123. 4. ..
o I Sam. 23. 26. & pTOudly.
24. 2, 3, Sc 26. 2,3
pPI. 7. 2. & 10.8-
to. & 56. 5, 6.
Brov. 28. 15.
*Hci>. ife%».^./ing down to the earth;
12 * Like as
his prey, and
|| Heb. fitting. jj T . 7 '
qpr.7.6.&44.23. "lurking in fecret places.
&ito?o-izs.'IS' 13 1 Arife, O Lord, *difappoint him,
* Heb. prevent his
face.
f'Or by thy fword.
$ Or /rem men by
thine hand.

kim, (that is, V
-everyone of them) is
as a Ion that defir-
eth to raven.

a lion that is greedy of
as it were a young lion

caft him down : deliver my foul from the
wicked, + who is thy fword:
14 + From men who are thy rhand, O
nr.jc.s,6.Heb.i. LORD? from men of the. world, who have
5^U5ejo5b2I'J-' s their portion in this life, and whofe belly
^7tifcok: thou filleft with thy hid treafure: H they
'*". . ,,. are full of children, and leave the reft of
\\ Or thar children are 7
their fubftance to their babes.
1 5 As for me, c I will behold thy face
in righteoufnefs : I fhall be u fatisfied,
with thy x likenefs.
its, 27. 1 John 3. 2. Eph. 5. 27. Jude 14.

t Job 19. 26, 27.
I Cor. 13. 12.
2 Cor. ;. i3. & 4.
17. I John 3. 2.
11 Pf. 16. II. & 43. 4.
f$£.&£u: when I awake,
;: Col. 1. 15. Phil. z. 6. or Gen

Reflections upon Psalm XVII. — Happy are they who, when
traduced by men, have the teftimony of a good confeience to their
uprightnefs before God: his providence will manifeft injured in-
.nocence at laft. And happy are they who in all their trials im
prove God's word as their prefervative. from evil ; and who, affifted
by his gracious influence, watch over their heart, their tongue,
their feet, cleaving to that which is good, and abhorring "that
which is evil ! But not the ftrongeft faint hath a fund cf grace to
fuppoit himfelf, without conftant fupplies. from Jefus Chrift, our
living fountain. And a deep fenfe of our own weaknefs and infuf-
ficiency is the fureft way to be ftrong in the Lord and in the power
of his might. Every faint walks in a flippery path, where many
watch for his halting. He ought therefore always to watch, and

P S A ' L Tyi XVIII.
In this pfalm of thankfgiving for manifold deliverances
obferve ( I ) David's ardent love to God in Chrift,
whom he believed to be his own in every gracious
and faving relation ; and whom he- had experienced
his merciful, almighty, and feafonable, Deliverer
from depths of trouble; I — 19. (2) His comfort
able refections on the integrity 'Which the 'Lprd'bad
enabled'him to maintain, and on the gracious kind-
nefe of God confequent thereupon ; 20 — 28; (3) His
thankful afeription of all the glory of his noted e-xphits
t-o God, as his director and ftrength ener ; 29 — 42.
(4) His triumphant faith and hope of further affift
ance and favour from God to himfelf, and to his feed
for evermore; 43 — 50. In all thefe he was a type
of Jefus Chrift. [See 2 Sam. xxii.]
To the chief mufician, a A pfalm
David, b the fervant of the Lord, who
fpake unto the Lord the words of this
fong in the day that c the Lord de
livered him from, the r hand of all his
enemies, and from the hand of Saul :
And he faid,
d WILL love thee, O Lord, my

Before Ghrift
cir. 1020.
Or 1048.

p.C a 2 Sam. 12. 1— ift.
UI with Exod. 15. 1—
22.. Judg. v. 1 Sara.
2. i— 10. If. xii.
_xxv. xxvi.-1-
bPf.n6.16.Aft9 13. 36.
c Pf. 34. ig. z Tim*.
4. lo.

I

i Pf. 116.
4. 19.

1 John

ftrength.

eDeut. 30. 31. &;2»
4. Pf. 91. a. If. 32.
2. 1 Cor. 10.4.

2 The Lord is my c rock, and my
fortrefs, and my f deliverer; * my God, f?
* my ftrength, in whom I will truft; my ,K9T>l.ft?i.t
h buckler, and ' the horn of my falvation, •Heb.w,™^
and my k high tower. bGen.iS.,.Pr.9M.
i V ... n 1 T 7 iLukeI.69. Pf.132.
2 I will call upon the Lord, who is 18. is»m.2.io.
worthy to be praifed : fo fhalf I be faved "S^'j^f.ft*
from mine enemies. lpiSl!4"^
4. '"The forrows of death compafled 94-&-9...5- . ¦
. , , ., , - , ,11 mPf. 116. 3- 1 Sail.
me, and the floods of 1 ungodly men *m. »&*:..*
1 r • J * t Heb. Belial,
made me afraid. ,
5 The t forrows of hell compafled me «*"*;
about

the "fnares of death prevented

n P.ov. 13. 14.
Ecch g. 12.

me.

6 ° In my diftrefs I called upon the
Lord, and cried unto my God : he heard

0 Afls 12. 5. pr. 130.
,1, 2. & 50. 15. &
91.15. &n6. 3,4.
&34. 4,6, 15, 17.
Exod. z. 23 — 25.
Jon. 2. 2.

pray that he faint not. Our whole falvation is of God, and is of
infinite love from firft to laft. In vain 'Satan rages againft thofe
whom God fo tenderly, clofely, and kindly, keeps. No luxu
rious, proud, active, crafty, or cruel, devourers fhall ever pluck
them out of his hand. They are but God's fword r.nd hand, by
which":.' he corrects his people, or manages, in his providence, as
he pleafes.. And how wretched arc they amidft all their affluence
and wealth, as it is their portion, ripening t-.-m for everlafting mi
fery ! But happy are they who through their much tribulation enter
into the kingdom of God ! Happy they, whofe tranfient views of
God, and imperfect likenefs to him, iffue at laft in endlefs and
immediate vifion of him, and in perfect conformity- to hjs

imaw

David praifes God for his

psalms;

deliverances and exultation.

Before Chrift
cir. 1020.

p Exod. 19. 16, 18.
PI. 114.4.6- Hab-
3.6, 10. Jobz6.ii.
Jer. 4. 24. Ezelt.
38. 19, zo.

0. Deut. 32. IZ, 24.
1 Sam. 7. 10. Job
1.16. Nam. 16. 35.
Heb. 12. 29.
B Heb. by hit.
rPf. 144. 5. If- 64. 1,
z. PI. 97.2- & 77.
19. Rev. 10. 1.

s Pf. 68. 17. & 104.
3, 4. Heb. I. 14.
Hab. 3. 8. Pf. 40.
17. Mic. 1. 3, 4.
Nah. I. 3.

I Pf. 97. 2. Rev. 10.
I. PI. 77. 19. John
J3-7-

«Hab. 3.4,5. Pf.07.
3, 4. Join. 10. 10.
Exod. 9. Z3. &Z4.
17-

I.10.
Z. 10. & 12. 18. Pf.
29. 3. Sc 77. 18.
Hab. 3. 5.

y Jofh. jo. 10, II.
I Sam. 7. 10. Hab
J. 11. Pf. 144.6,
If. 30. 30.

aExod. 14.21. & 15.
8. PI. 106. 9. &
U4.-3,7.&74.I5,
Jolh. 3. 13, 16.

aPf. 144.7. 469.1,
z. Sc 130. 1. &4o-
J-3-
b Or greet waters.
Ver. 43. Rev. 17. 15.
cTitle, zCor. 1. 10.
Heb. 13. zo.
•Saul.A PC 38. 19. & 69. 4.
&593.Eph.6.n,
JZ. 2 Cor. 12. 7.
e 2 Sam. zz. 6, 19.
Pf. 22. 12, sK. Sc
118.1:— 15, 11.50.
10. & 42 5, 6, 1 1.
fPf. 31. 8. & 118.5.
&40.1— 3.&116.
1—7, 16. Job 36.
16. zo'am. 15. 25.

gPr.7.8 I.3.10.&
1. 16—19. Pf- 19-
n. iCor. 15.58.

ii Pf. 119. 8, 10, 1 1,
i-i^c 1. 6. zCor.
I- 12. Acls 24. 16.
J.C01. c..j, 14,15.
&7-I.
i Pf. 119. f,. 15, 16,
tee. Like 1. 6. If.
Vol. I.

my voice out of his temple, and my cry
came before him, even into his ears.
7 Then p the earth fhook and trem
bled : the foundations alfo of the hills
moved, and were fhaken, becaufe he was
wroth. 8 There went up a i fmoke H out of his
noftrils, and fire out of his . mouth de
voured : coals were kindled by it.
9 He r bowed the heavens alfo, and
came down : and darknefs was under his
feet. 10 And s he rode upon a cherub, and
did fly: yea, he did fly upon the wings
of the wind.
1 1 f He made darknefs his fecret place ;
his pavilion round about him were dark
waters and thick clouds of the fkies.
1 2 At u the brightnefs that was before
him his thick clouds paffed, haiL^Wr and
coals of fire.
13 x The Lord alfo thundered in the
heavens, and the Higheft gave his voice ;
hail ft 'ones and coals of fire.
14 Yea, y he fent out his arrows, and
fcattered them ; and he fhot out light
nings, and difcomfited them.
15 z Then the channels of waters were
feen, and the foundations of the world
were difcovered at thy rebuke, O Lord,
at the blaft of the breath of thy noftrils.
1 6 * He fent from above, he took me,
he drew me out of b many waters.
17 He c delivered me from my * ftrong
enemy, and from them which hated me ;
for they were d too ftrong for me.
18 e They prevented me in the day
of my calamity ; but the Lord was my
ftay. 1 9 f He brought me forth alfo into a
large place ; he delivered me becaufe he
delighted in me.
20 The Lord s rewarded me according
to my righteoufnefs ; according to the
cleannefs of my hands hath he recom-
penfed me.
2 1 For h I have kept the ways of the
Lord, and have not wickedly departed
from my God.
22 ' For all his judgments were before

im,
ini-

high

me, and I did not put away his ftatutes
from me.
23 I was alio k upright + before h
and I kept myfelf from '
quity. 24 m Therefore hath the Lord recom-
penfed me according to my righteoufnefs,
according to the cleannefs of my hands
+ in his eyefight.
25 nWith the merciful thou wilt fhew
thyfelf merciful ; with an upright man
thou wilt fhew thyfelf upright ;
26 With the pure thou wilt fhew thy
felf pure ; ° and with the froward thou
wilt II fhew thvfelf froward.
27 r For thou wilt fave the afflicted
people ; ' but wilt bring down
looks. 28 r For thou wilt light mv * candle :
the Lord my God will enlighten my
darknefs. 29 s For by thee I have run through a
troop ; and by my God have I leaped over
a wall. 30 As for God, ' his way is perfect :
u the word of the Lord is + tried : x he
is a buckler to all thofe that truft in
him. 31 ? For who is God fave the Lord?
or who is a rock fave our God ?
32 z It is God that girdeth me with
ftrength, and maketh my way perfect.
22 a He maketh my feet like hinds'
feet, and fetteth me upon my high
places. 34 b He teacheth my hands to war, fo
that a bow of fteel is broken by mine
arms, 25 Thou haft alfo given me c the fhield
of thy falvation : and thy right hand hath
holden me up, and + thy gentlenefs d hath
made me great.
36 Thou haft e enlarged my fteps
under me, that II my feet did not flip.
37 f I have purfued mine enemies, and
overtaken them
till they were confumed
38 I have wounded them that they
were not able to rife: thev are fallen
under my feet, 51

neither did I turn again

Before Chril!
cir. 1020.

k Gen. 6. 9. Job 1. 1,
8. 2 Kin. 10. 3.
Tit. 2. 12. 2 Cor.
I. 12.
f Heb. m:h. .
I Heb. 12. 1. Mat. 5.
29. 30. Sc Sc. g, 9,
m Prov. n. 31. Cral.
6. 7, S. 1 Lo', 15.
58. 1 Tim. .;. S.
£ Heb. hefore hi. i\ 1.

11 iKin. 8. tz. M.u.
5.7,8- *"¦ Zj.S.

o Pf. 1C9. 17—19.
Rom. 2. 4, 5, /, 9.
Jam. 2. ij. Lev.
z6. 23, 24. Pi. 125.
5-
II Or vjreflle.
pLnfoer. 52,53. Pf.
12. 5. &Z2. 24. &
34- 19-
iPf- 37-35,36- &7S-
17, IB. If. 2. 11.
Job 40. 11, 12.
r Job 20. 3,4. Pf, j7,
v 6. Mic. 7.8,9. PI,
119. 105. Prov. 6.
23. Eph. 3.17— 19.
If. 60. 19.
* Or lamp.
s Phil. 4.I3. Sc 2. 12,
13- Pf. 118. ic_
12. Zech. 10. 12.
If. 40. 3 1.
t Deut. 32. 4. Dan.
4- 37- Rev. 15. 3.
u Pf. 12. 6. Sc 119,
140. Prov. 30. 5.
t Ot refined.
x Gen. 15. 1. Pr.91.
4. Sc 17, 7, 8.
y Deut. 32. 30.
1 Sam. 2. 2. Pf. 86.
8. If. 45. 5, 22.
Z Pf. 01.10,12. Sc 90.
4. tc 28. 7. if. ;;.
1—5. Pi. 138. 8.
Phil. 1. 6.
a Hab. 3. 19. Deut.
32. 13. Sc 33. 29,
If. 33- 16. & 53
14.

b Pf. 144. 1. If 4f,
1— 5, 13-&46.U..

cCcn.15. 1. Pf. 84.
11&5.1Z. Eph.6.
16. pf. 94. 17— ij.
%0t with thy meekntft
thou haft multiplied
tne.
A Pf. 113. 6—8. &
21. 3—6.
cJobi8.7.&36. 16.
Prov. 4. 12. Pf. 04.
18. ,+
II Heb. mine anklet,
f 2 Sam. v. viii. x.
xviii, xx. 1 Sarii.
xvii. xviii. .xKiii,
xxvii. xxx. Gen,
49.8—10. Pf. no.
I— 7. II. 53. 10,12.
Rev. 17. 14. Sc 10,
u-20. #6. 17,

David praifes God for his victories.

P S A L M S. Creation and providence manifif God's glory.

Before, Chrift
cir. IC20.

39 For thou B haft girded me with
thou haft * fub-

ftrength unto the battle

g If. 54. 17. Ezek.
>llZZ,l)m. dued'under me thofe that rofe up againft
b Gen. it). 8. Jofh.
JC. 24. Exod. 23.27.

i 1 Sam. 2S. 6. Job 27.
C).Sc -y. 12. Prcv.

me. 40 Thou haft alfo given me h the necks
of mine enemies ; that I might deftroy
them that hate me.
41 -1 They cried, but there was none to
ven unto the Lord, but he

1i'ii11&'i4.'Jl2V.' fave them:

e"i

t.-,.k. X. -S. Mic. - ,
•; 4.^:1.7.13. anfwered them not.
ki&LV.¥fcii 42 Then did I k beat them fmall as the
^.m,c.7.io.s ai. ^^ ^e£ore t^ie wjnri . j ^id cafj- them out

as the dirt in the ftreets.
43 Thou haft delivered me from ' the
ftrivings of the people ; m andthou haft
made me the head of the heathen : a
people zvhom I have not known fhall ferve
t Heb. the fins ofthe IXIC
nOtfeU-feifncdohe. 44 + AS f°0n SS they ^&ZV °f me ^^f
59"».P"6De3utf fhall obey me : + the ftrangers fhall " fub-
oivric.7!i7.Rev.6. mit themfelves unto me.
45 The ftrangers fhall fade away, and
0 be afraid out of their clofe places.
46 The p Lord liveth ; and i bleffed
be my rock ; and let the God of my fal-

l2Sam.3.l.&xviii,

m 2 Sam. v. viii. x.
Pf. 60. 8. & 108.
c if. 55. 5. Pf. 24.
27 — 31. Sc ex.
Ixxii.
f Heb. M the hear
ing of the ear.

16.
5 Jer. 10. 10. Rev. 1.
18. John 14. 19.
qPf.9I.2.&80.26. If. 12. 1—3. Exod.
15. 1— zo.
X Heb. giveth avenge-
rnnits forme. Pf. yktiou be exa1ted
s Or dejlnyetb. Pf.
47. 3. & 89.23. &
ex. Ixxii,
—30.

89.2
. &2

47 It is God that r avengeth me, and
27 s fubdueth the people under me.
48 He delivereth me from mine ene-
Ktiebmsnof vioieme. mies : ( yea, thou lifteft me up above
thofe that rife up againft me : thou
haft delivered me from the H violent

t Pf. 27. 6. & 59. r.
& no. 1. Phil, a, 9.

n Rom. 15. 9. Exod.
xv. Judg.v. 1 Sam.
2. 1— 10. 2 Chr..
20. 26. If. xii. xxv.
*™- ;<¦•> 17- sc man.
13. 6. Sc ix. xxx.
^.Tiif-llcwr1 49 u Therefore will I give thanks unto
Sixiv-rSxxvi. thee, O Lord, among the heathen, and
CXlv— cl
X Pf. 144. 10. Heb.
2.3.
y6?&89.3°4f"*- his' y king ; and fheweth
i.isani. 7. 13. Rom. z anointed, to David,
J. 3. Gal. 3. 16. ' '
i^zs*^!"-89- evermore.

fing praifes unto thy name.

5°

x Great deliverance

giveth

he to
mercy to his
and to his feed for

Reflections upon Psalm XVIII. — How clofe and marvel
lous is the connexion between Chrifl and his people, that the
fame relations of God, the fame words and works of God, and ex
ercifes towards God, will apply to both ! Let Jefus then be at
once my Saviour, my Forerunner, and my Pattern. PJeafarit and
profitable is God to- the fouls that find him. He is their all and
Iii all! Sure is their help in time of need who truft in and love
him! though God may take the riibft awful manner to anfwer
the prayers of his people in delivering them out of their diftrefs,
and exalting them to fafety and joy. Thbfe deliverances demand
the moft folemn and hearty thankfgivings, which are from great
and imminent danger, and. in exaft anfwer to earneft prayers, and

PSALM XIX.
Now the books of God are opened, not for our trial and
condemnation, but for our inftriiction, (i) The book
of Creation and Providence, in which all the works
of God inftruct mankind in general concerning the'
eternal ivifdom, power, and goodnefs, of their Maker;
1 — 6. (2) The book of Infpiration, the fure, the
right, the pure, the true, the perfect, and powerful,
oracles of which inftruct, convert, comfort, and warn,
the members of the church ; and in keeping of which)
there is an exceeding great and everlafting reward of
glory obtained; y — II. ^3) Obferve what con
viction of fin — what fupplication for pardon of it,
and prefervation from it — and for the acceptance of
our duties through Jefus' blood- — does or ought to
enfue upon a proper perufal of thefe volumes of heaven j
12 — -14.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of
David.

Before Chrift
Cir. 1040.

r | ^HE a heavens declare the glory of '

a Gen. 1. 1, 6. Rom-.-
, I 1. 19, 20. If. 40.
JL God; and the firmament fheweth t'sll'-l^iift
his handy work.
2 b Day unto day uttereth fpeech, and b &*¦*¦• To
night unto night fheweth knowledge.
3 There is c no fpeech nor language '?£,%%£%:.
* "I" where their voice is not heard. s.t^iH'c"'

4 d* Their line is gone out through all *£££*

thofe heard.

the earth, and their words to the end of + Heb-™'""*'*«>
J vme beard.
the world: in them hath he fet a taber- a Rom. to. is. as*-
nacle for the fun, +n'lfbT*'
' $ Or Their rule, or
5 Which is e as a bridegroom coming di"l}im-
out of his chamber, and rejoiceth as a' ^i^i-4-'
ftrong man to run a race.
6 fHis going forth is from the end of **£&'£*:'*¦
the heaven, and his circuit unto the ends g ^k. 3. 15—17...
2 Cor. 5. 17, 18.
of it : and there is nothing hid from the ufzZ'&slZCi'.,
heat thereof. 11 or <«**».-
7 The * II law of the Lord is perfect, •°"*"**
converting the foul : n tne teltimony ^-f^f^-J
of the Lord -is- fure, making wife the
fimple.

-17.Pf. 111. 7.
119. 98— 105

Vi'

8 The ' ftatutes of the Lord are right,

iNch. 9.13. Pf- 119.-
57,128,49,50,54,
92, 1 1 1, Sec. OC94.
19.

which are granted by wonderful appearances, in the midft of great
difficulties, and have great and lafting good fruits. Happy are
they who, interefted in Jefus' righteoufnefs, have their corruptions
fubdued by his grace, and are by his Spirit enabled to conquer
every fpiritual foe! God fights for them! who can be againft.
them ! What knowledge andlkill — what ftrength — what activity 
what courage — what protection — what fuccefs and viftory — what
an high throne — is allotted them by the living, the faithful,.. the
powerfu!, and unparalleled* God of their falvatidn! With firm
faith may fuch expect the Lord's perfecting of all that grace and
glory which concerns them.. 3'

God's tvor d manifeft s his glory.

P S A L M S.

A pr aver for fuccefs to David's arms.

Before Chrift
cir. 1040.

rejoicing the heart : the commandment
kpr.i2.6.&i8.3o. of the Lord is k pure, enlightening the
Sc 119. 140, J05. XT 7 O O
aPet. 1.19. 2Cor. pvpc.
z.17. I Pet. 2. 2. V".
1 John i7. i7. sc i5. 9 The fear of the Lord is ' clean,
|j»t. s- 18. ipet. enduring for ever : the judgments of the
tn*. truth. Lord are "•' m true and righteous atto
rn pr. 119- 14*> 160, aether.
138, 144, 17*. c1-1-1^1 •
n pr. 119. 7». j". 10 "More to be defired are they than
11. 19- gold, yea, than much fine gold : ° fweeter
0j«'.i5?'n?°job0l3- alfo than honey and + the honeycomb.
tLthedroppingof 1 1 Moreover, by them is thy fervant
hone^i,,. p warne(i . a„j -m keeping of them there
p Prov. 6. 22, 23. . . s. O
2Pet. 1. 19. pf. is 1 great reward.
119. 9, 11, 24. o
q proy. 3. 16, 17. 12 r Who can underftand his errors?
s. j'cor.'is. 5«.4' cleanfe thou me from fecret faults.
*64Ci°pfts.n?& 13 s Keep back thy fervant alfo from
65. 3. & 51- s,6, prefumptuous jfm . iet them not have
s H.^fprfi'i^H. dominion over me : then fhall I be up-
aSlr.^.1*. Aas right, and I fhall be innocent from " the
a toJl great tranfgreflion.
tpr.4.i.&5.j,z. 14 ' Let the words of my mouth, and
Sets. 9. If. 65. 24. , ' . ¦' '
f ?joSn3P22'& tne meditation of my heart, be acceptable
53.4,is.jihni6. in thy .fight, O Lord, *my ftrength and
* Heb~- ms rxi- my " Redeemer.
llMat. i.zi. iThef. no a t -.it -.t-ct
j.io.if.4i.i4& PSALM. XX.
44. 6. & 47. 4. Tit.
s. 14. Heb. 9. 12— Probably this pfalm was compofed to be a prayer for
fuccefs in fome particular expedition of David's wars.
Here ( i ) The people pray for their king ; that God
would grant him his requefts; protect, affijt, and
ftrengthen, him in his work ; accept his oblations, and
fucceed his projects for the public welfare ; I — 4.
(2) They triumph in God as their ftrength and de
liverer, in whom they hope to be more than con
querors; 5, 6.

To the chief mufician, A pfalm of
David.
THE a Lord hear thee in the day of
trouble ; b the name of the God of

aPf. 5015. &01.15.
If. 49. 8. & 65. 24.
& 58. 9.
•APf. 118. 10—12. If.
50. 10. Prov. 18.
10. ver. 5—7. If.
15.4.
*h^hj^aa"m Jacob "defend thee.

Reflections upon Psalm XIX. — How inexcufable are
atheilfs and idolaters, when the ever obvious heavens, the regular
-fiicceflion of nights and days, and the enlightening and warming
fun, teach men fo much of God! But much more they, who enjoy
the heavens, the firmament of the gofpel church, all illuminated
.by Jefus Chrift the fun of righteoufnefs, and his oracles, ordi
nances, and minifters, if they offend! Happy thofe hearts in
iwhich his word, f© pure, fo perfect, fo true, fo righteous, fo pre
cious and pleafant, is hid; and in which its enlightening, infiruc~t-
,ing, converting, comforting, nourifhing, and healing, influence
is felt! The more we look into this bleffed glafs, the more caufe
we fliall fee of deep humiliation before God, on account of the
number and ftrength of our fecret corruptions. But terrible are
prefumptuous fins — fins done againft light and love ! and yet the
f>eft need to watch and pray againft them. Great then is the

2 Send f thee help c from the fane- !K$?
tuary, and + ftrengthen thee out of t Heb. <*, h,tf.
Zion. c 1 Kin. 8.44, 4;
2 Remembsr all thy offerings, and tHA- '"*»""¦"¦
A 11 C T oil d HeB, (am « «/*,»,
accept thy burnt-lacrince. belah. af-zlhsf\t\n. S'
4 e Grant thee according to thine own tc^'ilfti^.
heart, and fulfil all thy counfel. epr.21.2, ijohnj.
J . # 14,15. John 10- 23.
5 We will l rejoice in thy falvation, ver' s'
and gin the name of our God we will fet "• «¦ *i ». & <£
10.
up our banners : the Lord fulfil all thy g,£;lm.,7.4;.Mic.
. •. ' 4-5- Exod. 17.15.
petltlOHS. Jer. 50^2, 34- P.
6 Now know I that h the Lord faveth s~^-
his anointed ; he will hear him from " his ''ir^-^w'
holy heaven "with the faving ftrength ,, J. ^ */,«,.
of his right hand. °""/,,iU"/"
. i-s .... - . * Heb. by theflrenglh
7 ' Some truft in chariots, and fome in ifffuSft
horfes : but we will k remember the name i ir. 3i- j- h. 3i. 16.
r 1 t /". 1 P,ov- "¦ 31- I"'
or the .Lord our Crod. ^s-
8 They i are brought down and fallen; kl™,lri&iz%.
but we are rifen, and ftand upright. «-5°'
9 ra Save, Lord ; let the king hear us "^Vi^i* mPf. 118. 25.6V 72,
4-

when we call.

PSALM XXI.
In this fong of thankfgiving obferve ( I ) All the joys,
the honours, and happinefs, of king David, and of
King Jefus, founded in the perfections and gracious
works of God; 1 — 6. (2) Full affurance of tht
fiability of David's and of Jefus' throne, and of the
difcovery and deftruction of their implacable oppofers ;
j — 12. (3) Earneft fupplications to God for the
exhilerating difplays of his glory and power; 13.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of
David. s Pf. 72. 1. &20. 6,
THE a king fhall joy in thy ftrength, %£l%%£
O Lord; and b in thy falvation b ™j$£\£l ft
how greatly fhall he rejoice ! "' I0_'2" , ^
° J n . J l-l , c Pf. 20. 4, 5. & 66.
2 c Thou haft given him his hearts J*^**/.1-

mercy that all our falvation from fin, and all the acceptance of our
holy iervices, is in Chrift the beloved, and his infinitely valuable
righteoufnefs. Reflections upon Psalm XX. — Neither piety nor power
can exempt men from fore troubles. All then have need for
prayer; and even the greateft need this affiftance from the meaneft.
But what an almighty helper, a kind accepter, and a liberal be-
ftower, is God in Chrift as the God of his people! Such as make
him the object of their truft fliall foon have reafon to make him
the ground of their praife. An affured truft in him is the beft way
to preferment and eftabliffiment. They who renounce all other
confid.nces, and perfevere in prayer to him, fhall abide in his love
and be affured of his proteclion. 5I2

Davids and Chrift* s honour and happinefs. PSALMS.

Jefus Chrifl is deferted by God.

Before Chrift
cir. 1036.

diSam. 16. 13-
a Sain. 2. 4. Sc 5.
3. Pf. 45. 3. A&s
%. i8. Heb. 2. 9.
Song 3. 11.

ei Sam. 7.19. Pf. 91.
16. & 61.6. & 16.
10, n. &72- 15.
Heb. 7. 25. Rev.
1. 18.
f iSam. 7. 8, 9, 16.
Phil. z. 7— "•
Eph. 1. zo — ii.
1 Pet. 3. w- Mat.
ag. 18. Ff. 110.x.
gPf. 31. 1.&H9.1.
AcAs 2. 23. & ?.
26. Pf. 45- 3* &
7Z. 17.
* Heb. Jtt him to be
bleffings.
h Heb , gladdened him
¦with joy. A3* Jr.
18. Pf. 16. 11.
iPf. 31.14. &qr.2.
& 62. 1—8. & 50-
7,9, &8(). Zi— 36.
& no. 1.
R zSam. 3. t. & v.
viii. x. xviii. xx.
xxi. Pf. 89. 23. &
72.9. & no. 5, 6.
& z. 9.
I Deut. 32. Z2. Mal.
4. 1, 3. Mat. 21.
41,44. & zz. 7. &
23- 33— 39- & *4-
a— 51. & zj. 30,
41, 46. Luke 19.
2.7, 42— 44.&ZI.
6— 26. &Z3.28—
30. 1 Thef. z. 16.
Rev. vi. viii. ix.
xiv. xvi — xx.
a Thef. 2. 8, y.Pf.
1. 1 — 5,9. Prov. 1.
15—29. Job xviii.
XX. xxii. If. 3. II.

m Or that Jhalt fet
ihcm as a butt.
Job7.20*& l6.il.
Lam. 3. iz.
+ lUb. fhoulder.
J\ Pf. 7. II— 16. &
64, 6 — 10.
Dpf.57. 11.&7Z.19.
pRev, Tr.15— 17. &
19. 1 — 6. A: i.i. zo.
&16.5— 7.Pf.5«.
*©, II. &48.II.

defire, and haft not withholden the re
queft of his lips. Selah.
3 d For thou prevented him with the
bleifing-s of goodnefs : thou fetteft a crown
of pure gold on his head.
4 e He alked life of thee, and thou
gaveft ;'/ him, even length of days for ever
and ever.
5 -His glory is great in thy falvation ;
honour and majefty haft thou laid upon
him. 6 g For thou haft "" made him moft
blefled for ever : thou haft h made him
exceeding glad with thy countenance.
7 'For the king trufteth in the Lord ;
and through the mercy of the Moft High
he fhall not be moved.
8 k Thine hand fhall find out all thine
enemies ; thy right hand fhall find out
thofe that hate thee.
9 ' Thou ihalt make them as a fiery
oven in the time of thine anger: the Lord
fhall fwallow them up in his wrath, and
the fire fhall devour them.
10 Their fruit fhalt thou deftroy from
the earth, and their feed from among the
children of men.
1 1 For they intended evil againft thee :
they imagined a mifchievous device,
which they are not able to perform.
1 2 Therefore m fhalt thou make them
turn their + back when thou n fhalt make
ready thine arrows upon thy firings againft
the face of them.
1 2 ° Be thou exalted, Lord, in thine
own ftrength : fo will we fing and p praife
thy power. PSALM XXII.
Here the debafement and exaltation of David king of
Ifrael are merely fubfervient to, and figurative of,

Reflections upon Psalm XXI. — Chiefly, my foul, behold
here the, ."everlafting honours, joys, happinefs, and blifsful in
fluences, "of thy Redeemer! Behold how fixed is his kingdom and
dignity in the infinite, everlafting, and unchangeable, wifdom,
power, mercy, equity, goodnefs, and truth, of the Moft High !
Behold the inexpreffible vengeance which kindles upon and deftroys
his Jewifh — his heathen — his antichriftian — and other incorrigible
enemies!— — But rejoice, my foul, in this God thy Saviour. Re
joice at the glory with which he is crowned — at the life granted
to and lodged in him; and in his being made bleffings for ever
more to men — bleffings for evermore to mf ! And let the

the debafement and exaltation of Jefus Chrift, our
bleffed AlJELETH SJHAHAR, Hind of the morning.
In this deep debafehent we find ( i ) Bitter, but
tender and believing, complaints of God's withdraw-
ment, — attended with earneft attempts of faith, to quiet
the comfiainer s foul under it, — drawn from the con
fideration of God's holinefis and highnefs, and his fea
fonable deliverance of his people, in former times,
when they cried to him; l — 5. (2) Bitter com
plaints of men's reproaches, and contemptuous deri-
ftm, — attended with felf encouragements, drawn from
the former experience of God's early and f erf enable care
¦ and friendfhip ; 6 — IC. (3) Bitter complaints' of
the number and rage of emmies, — attended with ex-
quiflte agonies of body and mind, and mingled with
eaincfl prayers, for God's fpeedy fitpport, affiftance,
and pcwetj'ul deliverance; li — 21. By the typical
exaltation of David, and the increafe, happinefs,
honour, and duration., of his kingdom, is pre
figures the glorious exaltation of our Redeemer, im
porting (4) That he Jhould hive a church among
men ; — that his Father Jhould be glorified in them as
Well as in him ; — that his true fubjects fhould abound
in prayer, praife, fpiritual comfort, and everlafting
life ; — and that his church Jhould be enlarged with
multitudes of both Jews and Gentiles ; and Jhould,
to his honour, and for his worjhip and fervice, conti
nue to all generations ; 22 — 3 1 .

Before Chrift
cir. iozi.

To the chief mufician upon * Aijeleth
Shahar, A pfalm of David.
Y a God, my God, why haft thou
' J f J t Heb. from, sty fit
forfaken me r way art thou fo tar

» Or The hind ofthe
morning.
a Mat. 27. 46. Mark
15. 34. Heb. 5. 7.
FI. 31. 14 — 16. Sc
40. 17.

. r 1 r 1 b Lam. i. S, 12. with
t from helping; me, and from the words Heb.5.7-j;hni>.
r o * •/ 42. Mat. 26. 38—
of my roaring ? 44'
2 O my God, b I cry in the day time, t^.t^Z"m
but thou heareft not ; and in the night 'l^f&llf?^
feafon, and + am not filent.
2 But c thou art holy,
dinhabiteft the praifes of Ifrael.
4 Our 'fathers trufted in thee: they

d Deut. 10. 11. Pf.
0 thou that *¦*¦

e Rom. 4. 18— zo.
Heb. 11. ij. Gen.
xii. xiv. xix. xxvi*
xxxi. xxxii i.Exnd.
' vii— xiv. Judg. ia.
trufted, and thou didft deliver them. "Jli.E^'.""*
5 They cried unto thee, and were de- Ji'15'
livered : they trufted in thee, and were 'iTtf^V*
fnot confounded. ^w-u-
6 But I s am a worm, and no man; Z%*~*'

ruinous overthrow of his Jewifh, or other enemies, make me.
to ftand in awe of provoking him, by prefumptuous refufals of
him,- or by rebellion againft him. Rich is that falvation pur
chafed by him— honourable and lafting in its benefits! God gives
exceedingly above what we can afk or think ! Crowns, and dl
other enjoyments, are God's gifts to men! All affli&ion or de
ftruction of perfons or nations is the work of God's hand, and the
reward of their fi'n. And the ruin of the wicked, particularly of
the defpifers of Jefus Chrift,, contributes to the falvation and joy
of his people.

Jefus is reproached and murdered by men. PSALMS.
h a reproach of men, and defpifed ofthe
people

His exaltation and triumph-

Be'cre Chrift
cir. 1021.

ll PI. 31. 11. Sc 35.
15 &4'-6-& 55.
12, 13. Sc 69.7,91
ID, 1,1, 20 & CAJ.
Cii. 51. Mat. 12.
24. Zc ti. 19. Scg.

7 ' All they that fee me laugh me to
fcorn : they fhoot out the lip, they make
,;. lu^ 23. 2, 5, the head, jiy^,
8 II He trufted on the Lord, tlhithe
would deliver him : let him deliver him,
1 feeing he delighted in him.
9 But thou art he that k took
out of the womb ; ' thou didft f

Sc

i Mat. 9. 24. & 27,
29. 11. 57 4. Job
16 4, i". Mat. 27.
39,43 11. 37.22.
Pi. 44. 14. & loy.
25.
|| Heb. hero'led him
felf on the LORD.

. Or if he delight in
him.

me
make

pi. 139- is, 16. & me hope when I was upon my mother's
7..6.jer,;,.2, ^^^

If. 7. 14. Sc 9. 6.
1 Pf. 71.5, 17. If. 49.
J, 2. Luke 2. 4 —
52-
f Ot keep me in fafety.
m If. 46. 3. & 49. 1,
2. Pf. 71. 6. &89.
26. John 20. 17.
bPI'.6. 5.&10. t.Sc
Ji-i— 3-&88. 14.
&40. 13,17. .S: 69.
i, 2, 18. Sc 1C9. 3.
Heb. 5. 7.

10 m I was caft upon thee from the
womb : thou art my God from my mo
ther's belly.
11 "Be not far from me ; for trouble
is near; for there is "none to help.
1 2 p Many bulls have compaffed me :
... ftrong bulls of Bafhan have befet me
Deut. ,2. 36. r(>uad>
pPf. 60. 3?. If. 34.7. +
]fftisfiftf^f. r 3 q -They + gaped upon me with their
qjobi6.iaLam.2. mouths, as a ravening- and a roaring lion.
16. Sc 3. 46. John ' T 1-1 &
\t^ts?zf: 14. f am poured out like water, and
all my bones are H out of joint: my heart
is like

t Heb. opened their
mouths againft me.

wax ; it is melted in the midft of
r2^HTs: my boweIs-
4V£*7' " 15 s My ftrength is dried up like a
worsened. potfherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my
I Pf. 69. 21. Mat. 27. • 1 . 1 J n 1 1 •
«• John i9. 28,29. jaws ; and l tnou halt brought me into
Lam. 4. 4. -* D
t ir. s3. 9, ro. Mat. the duft of death.
, Z'T\ T'Sh J6 For "dogs have compafied me ; the
u Mar. 7. 6. Rev. 22. rrt O 1 '
^.xixlpfi!?,". affembly of the wicked have enclofed
* Mat. 27,35. Mark me ; * they pierced my hands and my
15. 24, LuHe 23. J S. J J
U'S'U9'Zhi7' feet. 1 7 y I may tell all my bones ; z they
look and ftare upon me.
Is'"' 18 a They part my garments among
19. 24. Mat. 27. 35. them, and caft lots upon my veiture.
£.'&6*!'tfz\'?} 19 b But be not thou far from me, O
21, i.9' ,09''' Lord: O my ftrength, hafte thee to help
me.

y Mark 15. 25.
z Mat. 27. jo, ja.
Luke 23. 35. pf.

Reflections upon Psai.m XXII. — How fearful is the nature
of fin, which drew fuch tremendous defertion and wrath upon
God's only begotten Son, when it was but imputed to him!.
With the moft holy refignation ought God's hidings and frowns
to be endured, when they are fanctified by Jefus Chrift's bearing
them as our forerunner ; and ihould be attended with'kind thoughts
of-God, truft in him, and fervent prayers for deliverance. What
earneft fupplications are occafioned by a deep fenfe of need ! But
it is happy, in great diftrefs, to have our covenant relation to
God, and our own and others' experience of forrfter deliverances,
to encourage us to hope and wait for what we now need, What
6

Ee'orc Chrift
cir. 1021.

20 Deliver my foul from c the fword
d my darling "'* from the power of e the c ir. S!. ,0. z<±.
dog. Save me from the f lion's

a' 2 1 Save me from the lion's mouth
for thou haft heard me s from the horns
of the unicorns.
h

d.Hib. Mit,

"Heb. from the hand.

22

eft. 3-. i7.j.,|,,
Jo Luku 22.
f I Pet. 5. S. 2 i
4. 17.

I will declare thy name unto mv
brethren : in the midft of the congrega- Bj«h ^.'of £- !??».
hPI". ic. 9, ic. Mark
16. 15. Hen. 1. 1,
— 16. Mar. ,v .,
50.&2.5. ^c.-'c .i
all ye the feed of Jacob, glorify him; and n™-'™:"' ''"
fear him, all ye the feed of Ifrael. 'iS:^*;;

tion will I praife thee.
23 ' Ye that fear the Lord, praife him ;

Hi-b. 5. j. p'f. iz.
6, 15. Sc 116 4, 1 .
Cc ua. 5,t.& ti.
6.

24 k For he hath not defpifed nor ab- k
horred the affliclion of the afflicled; nei
ther hath he hid his face from him ; but
when he cried unto him he heard.
25 ' My praife fhall be of thee in the ,p,i£ ?,&£.£
great congregation : I will pay my vows
before them that fear him.
26 ra The meek ihall eat and be fatif- "g^V?^
fied: they fhall praife the Lord that feek
him: your heart fhall live for ever. jiw.*.8.&7i „
27 "All the ends of the world fhall %%X\^
0 remember and p turn unto the Lord

0 Eccl. 12. 1. I-zeic.
io- 61, 63. Sc 20.43.
and all the kindreds of the nations fhall pDeut.4.3°.&3o.
n • , r 1 10- 2 Chr. 15. 4.
worlhip before thee. ?f;1*-V\J'"H
r 2. 11, ij. Luke 1.
1 For the kingdom is the Lord's: 6-Aa51°-"-
qZech. 14.9. Obai
""¦ Rev. 11. 15.
tlOnS. rw.78. ji. if. ra.
16. Pf. i7. Ia Sc
73- 7-

28
and he

is

the

governor

among

th

e

29 All they that be r fat upon earth
5 fhall eat and worfhip : all they that sP.1.4ff.to.*££
fgo down to the duft fhall bow before
him : and u none can keep alive his own
foul. 30 x A feed fliall ferve him ; y it fhall
be accounted to the Lord for a gener
ation. 31 z They fhall come, and fhall de
clare a his righteoufnefs unto a people
that fliall be born, that he hath done
this.

Rev.
t Job 30. 19. Pf. ,t.
zc.Sc 113.7. iT
24J.4.&47.,.Ph,|.2. 10. Pf. 45. io,i!.
u Pf. 49. 6, 7. Hof.
13.9.
I I- S3- 10. Heb. 2.
13- Scij.G Sc 73. 15.
z If. 44. 3—5. Sc j8,
19. H. 145- 1-7-
oj 78. 6.
a Rom. 1. 16, 17. &
3- ii, 24. & 5. [9,
21. II. 45. 24, 25.
VC 61. 10, 11,
2 Cor. 5. 21.

finners before the Lord exceedingly were thefe dogs, thefe bulls,
thefe' wicked men, who with devils thus raged againft the great
God our Saviour ! But oh what a debt of love and of praife the
redeemed owe to their Lord, who fo bare their fins, their griefs !
And what ought they not cheerfully to fuffer for his fake ! '"What
tidings — what fupplies — what conquefts — what continuance — what
glories of grace — iffue from the fufferings of our great Immanuel !
Himfelf opens the triumphant fong, and exhibits his experience
for the comfort of his diftreffed brethren; and with- joy declares his
adherence to all his covenant engagements. Sweet is the enter
tainment of his flefh and blood — yea, of all the fulnefs of God, whicit

David9 's confidence in God's grave.

P S A L M S.

Chrif s kingdom of nature and graee.

Before Chrid
cir. iozi.

PSALM XXIII.
This is a Jhort but noted fong of the children of God.
Here is, ( I ) New covenant relation to God, as a
full and everlafting fecurity againft all our hurtful
wants; I. (2) Pleafant experience of God' s acting
up to his new covenant character, in difiioftng of,
directing, affifling, feafting, and comforting, his people;
2 j 3> 5- (3) Well- grounded hopes of God's careful
and feafonable fupplies ; of his comfortable prefence
and help amidfl diftrefs and death ; and of the per
petual and everlafting manifeftation of his mercy and
grace to us-ward; and of our eternal nearnefs to, and
.immediate enjoyment of, him; I, 4 — 6.
A pfalm of David.
THE Lord is "myihepherd; I fhall
not b want.
2 c He maketh me to lie down in
* green paftures : he leadeth me befide
+ the ftill waters.
3 He d reftoreth my foul : he leadeth
me in the paths of righteoufnefs for his
name's fake.
4 Yea, though I walk through
jnb j. 5. & 10.21, valley of the fhadow of death, fI
22. Sc 24. 17. Pf. J '
44. i9. j-car no evij . for thou art with me ;

aPf.So. i.rf.40. 11.
Jer, 23. 4,s. Ezek.
34. 2;, 24. John 10.
II. I'Pet. 2. 25.
fcPf.3a.lo.&54,n. Mat. 6. 33. Phil.
4.19.
c Ezek. 34. 14. Job
34. 29. Rev. 7. 15
— 17. If. 40. II.
* Heb. paflures of
tender graft.
¦f- Heh. vsestertef
auietnefs.
d Pf. 119. 175. Sc 5.
8. Sc 31. 3. Pros.
S. 20. Hoi. 14. 9.

T4i.'io.&4Y-i'J'. .rod and thy ftaff they comfort me.
glf. 25.6. Job, 36.16.
Eph.13. 19. John
10. 9, 10.
.h Heb. makefl fpt.
'Amos 6. 6. Mat.
'& 17.
i Pf. 16.. 5. &4J. 4.
Eph. 3. 19, ze.
2 Cor. 4.17, & 5.1.

the
will thy

5 Thou s prepareft a table before me
in the prefence of mine enemies : thou
h.anointeft my head with oil; my cup
1 runneth over.
6 Surely k goodnefs and mercy fhall
k?8r:&,3a7.Rom: follow me all the days of my life : ' and
I will dwell in the houfe of the Lord
+ for ever.

] 2 Cor. 5. 1 — 7.
Phil. j. 23.
I Thef. 4. 17.
% Heb. <» length cf
days.

PSALM XXIV.
Probably this pfalm was penned for the ufe of the He
brews when David brought up the ark of God to
Jerufalem, or when Solomon brought it up to the
temple; [2 Sam. vi. I Kings viii. J in order to- raife
their hearts above their external ceremonies to a re

ception of, and walking in, Chrift, who was thereby
prefigured. Obferve ( 1 ) Chrift's kingdom of na- .
¦twe, comprehending the whole world and all the in
habitants thereof ; 1,2. (2) His kingdom of grace,
in the nature of it, the gracious character of its fub
jecls, and their charter to their everlafting happinefs
above; 3 — :6. (3) Under the figure of a call to
admit the ark, we have a folemn fummons, iffued
forth by God, for the heavens to receive Jefus, our
glorious and almighty King, into their blifsful abodes,
in his afcenfion: and for us to receive him into our
hearts, and focieties below ; J — 10.
A pfalm of David.
THE a earth is the Lord's, and the
fulnefs thereof; the world, and
they that dwell therein.
2 b For he hath founded it upon the
feas, and eftablifhed it upon the floods.
3 c Who fhall afcend into the hill of
the Lord? and who fhall ftand in his holy
place ?
4 d * He that hath clean hands and a
pure heart ; who hath not lifted up his
foul unto vanity, nor fworn deceitfully ;
5 He fhall receive e the bleffing from
the Lord, and f righteoufnefs from the
God of his falvation.
6 This is s the generation of them that
feek him ; that feek thy face, * O Jacob.
Selah. 7 h Lift up your heads, O ye gates ;
and be ye lift up, ye everlafting doors ;
and the ' King of glory fhall come in.
8 Who is this King of glory? k The
Lord ftrong and mighty, the Lord
mighty in battle.
9 ' Lift up your heads, O ye
even lift them up, ye -everlafting
and the king of glory fhall come in.
10 m Who is this King of glory? The

Before Chrifl
cir. 1045.

a Exod. 9. 29. cc 19.
5. Deut. 10. 14.
Job 41. 11. Pf. 50.
IC — 12. 1 Cor. 10.
26, 28.
b Job 26. 7. & 38. 6.
Pf. 104. 5. & 136.
6. 2 Pet. 3. 5. CoL
I. 16,17.
cPf. is. 1. Mic, 6. 6.

gates
doors

dlf. 33.15,16. iTim.
2. 8. Mat. 5. 8.
Acls 15. 9. Deut.
4. 14—16. Rev.
14. 1, 4. Pf. 25. 1.
& 143. 8. Sc xv.
* Heb. The clean of -
- hands.
e iPet. 3,0. Gal. 3.
13, 14. Eph. 1. 3.
Pf. 72, 17.
f If. 46. 13. & 54. 17,
& 61 10. 2 Cor. 5.
21. Rom. 5. 21.
, 2 Tim. 4. 8.
g Pf. 22. 30. & 73.
15. If. 53. 10. John
1. 47. Gal. 6. 16.
t Or O God of Jctah,
or Jefus.
h Pf. 118.19. Marfc
16. 19. Rev. 3. sa.
Song 5. 2. Prov.
23. 26.
i Hag. 2. 7. 1 Cor. z.
8. Jam. 2. 1. Acls
7.2.
kir.9. 6. & 6$. 1—
4- Pf. 45- 3—5-
Rev. 18. 8. Col.
2. 15. Mat. 12, 29.
1 John 3. 8. If.49.
24—26.
1 See ver. 7.
m Song 5. 9. Mat.
21. 10.

he has prepared for the poor, the afflicted, and meek ! Precious
and lafting' is their life who by faith feed upon him ! He goes forth
conquering the nations, high and low, to the obedience of faith.
Let then his caufe 'be oppreffed as it may, in every age it will
prove triumphant.
Reflections upon Psalm XXIII. — O the advantage?, the
•pleafures, of experimental godlinefs ! God, whofe knowledge and
care are infinite — God, who is all and giveth all — is his people's
JShepherd ! What can they then want, when all the fulnefs of God
is opened for their fupply ! He makes them to reft and feed in the
paftures of his ordinances and promifes ; and leads them, for their
refrefliment, to the ftill waters of his gofpel truth, gracious in

fluence, redeeming blood, and everlafting love. He reftores their
fouls, when under difeafe or decay ; and, moved by his own fove
reign grace, leads them in Jefus and his word as their way, and
enables them to perfect hoiinefs in his fear. Amidft all the pains
arid the fears of death, his gracious prefence, his drawing and feal-
'ing influence, and his fupporting promife^, are their fufficient en
couragement. Amidft their unnumbered enemies of lufts, of
devils, and of men, not only neceffaries, but even abundant com
forts, are allowed them. The mercy and goodnefs of God, in
ftreams of fpiritual and temporal bleflings, infeparably attend them,
till at laft they are for ever filled with all the fulnefs of God in his
heavenly temple.

IZarnefl prayers for prefervation, far don, &c. PSALMS.

Fervent prayers for e liver ance.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

Lord of hofts, he is the King of glory.
Selah. PSALM XXV.
Hire obferve ( 1 ) What ferious work prayer is ; — what
lifting up of foul — what directing of our hearts to
God, and fixing them on him, muft be in it ; 1 — 15.
(2) Wloat mercies ought to be prayed for ; — pardon
of fin ; 6, 7, 18: direction in duty ; 4, 5 : fami
liar intimacy with God; 10: deliverance from trou
ble; 17, 18: prefervation from adverfaries; 20,
2.1 : and, in fine, fafety and deliverance to the church ;
22. (3) What pleas are proper to be ufed in prayer ;
as, the. truft we have repofed in God; 2, 3, 5 — 21 :
oar own divinely- effected fincerity in the Lord's
way ; 2 1 : our diftrefs, and the malice of our ene
mies ; 2, 16 — 19: but chiefly the mercy that is in
God, and the glory which redounds to his name, from
his beftowing of nevj-covenant flavours; 6, 7 — 11.
(4) Strong encouragements to prayer, taken from the
perfections of God's nature, and from his promifes of
inftruclion and direction ; from the fulnefs and grace
of his covenant, and from his delight in allowing
men familiar intimacy and fellowfhip with himfelf ;
8 — 14. A pfalm of David;
UNTO a thee, O Lord,, do I lift up
my foul.
2 O my God, I B' truft in thee ; let* me
&5o.io.Rom.ic. , f, 1 1
11. 2 chr. 20. 20. not be afhamed; let not mine enemies
triumph over me.
3 Yea, d let none that wait on thee be
4?s&£935?26&£ afhamed : let them be afhamed which
tranfgrefs without caufe.
4 e Shew me thy ways, O Lord ; teach
me thy paths.
5 f Lead me in thy truth, and teach
me : for thou art the God of my falva
tion ; on thee do I wait all the day.
6 s Remember, O Lord, * thy tender
mercies and thy loving kindneffes ; for
they have been ever of old.
7 h Remember not the * fins of my
J*;3-^-&»"- youth, nor rny tranfgreflions : k accord -
kKji.,.ir.6, 7. ing to thy mercy remember thou me for
thy goodnefs' fake, O Lord.

cii. 1056^
aPf. 31. 5. &86. 4.
& 143. 8. & 123. 1.
Lam. 3. 41.
b Pf. 22. 5. Sc 31. 1.
St 34. 8. If. 28. 16

elf. 36. 14—20. Pf.
41. n..c 13.4. Sc
3.2.

40. 14 — 16. Sc 109.
28, 29. & 31. 17.
ePf 27. 11. & 86.11.
& 119. 27. & 143.-
10. & 5. 8. Exod.
33- '3-
fPf.43- 3, 4. &8tj.
3. & 139. 24. & 5.
S. Song 1. A. PI.
130. 5, 6. Sc 62.

g If. 43. 26. Pf. 103.
17. Sc 136. I. Sc
107. 1. Jer. 33.11.
•¦Heb. thy'hotuell.
hlf.43.25.&44.22. &04.9. PI. 79. 8.

Rom.
Pf.

iin. 5. 20,^1.
'. tad. 4.

Reflections upon Psalm XXIV". — How great is Chrift,
Who is Lord of all ! Surely it is proper that all perfons fhould praife
and ferve him ; and that all things fhould be received as from his
hand, and ufed to his honour. But what change of ftate and na
ture—what hoiinefs in heart and life — is neceffary to conftitute us
true members of his church on earth, or inhabitants of his heaven
above ! There is great need of ferious felf-examination, left he at
laft rejecT: us ; for without hoiinefs no man fhall fee the Lord.
Butj however fincere our hearts, blamelefs our lives, or fervent
our prayers, not thefe, but Jefus' righteoufnefs and Jehovah's
grace, muff- found our title to eternal felicity. O how tranfeen-

Before Chrift
cir. 1056^
lPf.n9.68. &11.7.
Gal. 1. t6c Eph. 1.
17,18 John 6. 44,
45. Mat. 9. 13.
m Mat. 5. 5. Pf. 22. -
26. Sc 76.9. Sc 149.
4. If. II. 4. Sc ot.
I. Zeph. 2. 3.
nPf. 32. 8. & 73. 24.
& 17. 5. Prov. 3.
5> 6, 23.

8 ' Good and upright is the Lord ;
therefore will he teach finners in the
way. 9 m The meek will he n guide in judg
ment ; and the meek will he teach his
way. 1 o ° All the paths of the Lord are
mercy and truth unto fuch as keep his ° m?Fi%l'z%^
J - . . n . . 31. 4. Sc 103. 17,
covenant and his teftimonies. 18. 11.63.7-
11 p For thy name's fake, O Lord, ^ti^'l1]!:
pardon mine iniquity, <* for it is great. JL. J4.9. Nura.
1 2 What man is he that feareth the
Lord ? him fhall he r teach in the way
that he fhall choofe.
13 Kis foul + fhall dwell at eafe ; and
his feed fhall s inherit the earth.
14 r The fecret of the Lord is with
them that fear him ; * and he will fhew
them his covenant.
1 5 u Mine eyes are ever toward the \°;™t?l
Lord ; for he fhall " pluck my feet out upr.m. j,».&
1. •> 123. 1, 2.
of the net.
16 x Turn thee unto me.
mercy upon me j. for I am defolate and

14. 17—19. pf, 65.
3. Roin. 5. 20, 21.
r Pf. 37. 23. 2Thcf.
3. 5. PI. 48. 14. &
73. 24.
t Heb. Ihall lodge in
goodnefs.
s Pf. 37. 11, zz, 29.
Mat. 5. 5, z Pet. ¦
3. 13.
t Prov. 3. 32. Gen. '
18 i7-,Anios 3. 7.
I Cor. 2. 16.-J0IUJ
7. 17. Sc ss. 15.
Mat. 13. 11.
his covenant ¦
emtmovjit.'

II Heb. bring forth.
and have x pr. 69. 16. & 86.
16. Sc 60. 1. & 70.

afflicted.
17 yThe

Luke 18. 13.

troubles of my heart

orf» yPf-4a-7i8:*Cor.
ell C 1. 5, 10. Pf. 34. 19.
enlarged : O bring thou me aut of my

diftreffes*

1 8 z Look upon mine affliction and my \l*%£il'm:*l

pain, and forgive all my fins.
r , e^, r j - • r ..L. a Pf. 89. So. & i- »r
19 a Confider mine enemies, for tney ».«5J8.i_8.&ss.
are many, and they hate me with * cruel
hatred. 20 b Okeep my foul, and deliver me : hlte\t:l:tSfu
clet me not be afliamed, fori pBtmy^^*''^,
truft in thee. *,.'ri><-^7.
2 1 d Let integrity and uprightnefs pre- ^J;8^^":
fo/- T *- ¦. .1 6. 21- 2 Cor. I. 12.
ve me; for 1 wait on thee. pmi-h-
22 e Redeem Ifrael, O God, out. of all 'f^.^:
his troubles.

3, Exod. 14; 04.
' Heb. hatred of
violence.

19. & SI. 18.

dently glorious is Jefus' entrance into manhood — his exaltation to
heaven — and his entrance into his people's hearts and affemblies
on earth ! And, in fine, his folemn return to his celeftial manfions,
attended by all his ranfomed millions, after the laft judgment !
Reflections upon Psalm- XXV. — An intereft in God and -
his love is the fureft protection from fhame and danger ; and the
more our hearts and defires are weaned from earthly vanities^ and '
fet upon God and things above, we are the more fure that our
hopes fliall not be difappointed. He that believeth fhall not be
afhamed. God never fails, them that feek him.. But the ihcuru -

Solemn prof effions of integrity.

PSALMS.

David's prayers and triumphs.

Before Chrift
cir. 1056.

a Pf. 7, 8. 1 Cor. 4.
'1.—-C. 2 Kin. 20. 3.
Prov. 20. 7.
b 2Tim. 1. 12. Pf.
16. 1. Se 25. 21. &
94. 18. Sc 121. 3,
7, 8.

., J3 Sc 17.
3. Sc 66, 10. Zech.

c Pf. 13-
&(
J3- 9-

d If. 63. 7. 2 Cor. 5.
14. ijohn 4. 19.
'Pf. 119. 32.
c Pf. 25. 5. John 14.
6. aCor. 1. 12.
fPf. 1. 1. Jer. 15. 17.
Sc 9. 2. Jolli. 23.7.
Pi. 12. a, 3. & 36.
1—4.
gPf. IS.4.&6.8.&
119. 63, 115. Sc
101. 3 — 8. Gen.
49- 6.

PSALM XXVI.
Here ( I ) David folemnly appeals to God concerning
his integrity ; his conftant regard to him and his
grace ; his regular attendance upon inftituted ordi
nances ; and his fixed averflon to fin and finners ;
1 — 8. (2) He deprecates from himfelf the con
demnation of the wicked, and his being fhut up in fe-
ciety with them; 9, IO. (3) Depending on the
mercy of God, he refolves to hold faft his integrity,
and maintain his confident hopes of eternal life ;
11, 12. «
A pfalm of David.
* TUDGE me, O Lord ; for I have
•s walked in mine integrity : b I have
trufted alio in the Lord ; therefore I fhall
not flide.
2 c Examine me, O Lord, and prove
me

try my reins and my heart.
d For thy loving kindnefs is before
and

3
mine eyes ;
truth. 4. f I have

I have walked in thy
not fat with vain perfons

neither will I go in with dilTemblers.

congregation

with

of
the

. 5 g I have hated the
evil doers ; and will not fit
wicked. 6 h I will wafh mine hands in inno

ti If. I. 16, 18. Exod.
30. 19 — 21. Heb.
10. 19—21. Pf. 73.
1 pr. 6« 13-15 sc cency : ' fo will I compafs thine altar, O
.i6.,2-,8.&43. LoRD .
fcf4fs72-24r*4'& 7 k That I may publifh with the voice

lived triumphs of obftinate tranfgreflbrs fhall iffue in everlafting
mifery and confufion. When we pray for ourfelves we muft
never forget our brethren. Being by nature blind and impotent,
our whole direction in, and ftrength for, duty muft come from
God. And none who wait on him as the God of their falvation
fhall ever wait in vain. Hopes fixed on his everlafting love can
never be difappointed : and what others have found an infallible
fupport we may boldly depend upon. Sins of youth, though par
doned by God, ought to be remembered by us for our humiliation.
And our only hope of God's favour muft be founded on his free
grace through Jefus' blood. All true knowledge of God and his
ways, and wifdom to walk therein, fpring from his own mercy
and faithfulnefs. Senfe of fin muft drive us to implore the for
givenefs and deftruction of it: but no fin, however great, ought
to render us defperate. God, by his infinite power and grace,
can pardon the greateft as well as the leaft. And, the more fin
God forgives to us, the more we are obliged to love, fear, and
ferve, him : and, the more we ferve him, the greater fhall be our
happinefs in life and intimacy with him. Whatever God does,
however afflicting, fliall work together for our good. Though
God and men ihould concur to entangle us in nets of trouble, and
Satan diftrefs our mind with his accusations, the fruit of all is not
to deftroy us, but to purge away our fin. But our kindlieft re
fignation to afflictions muft be attended with prayer for the removal
ot them. Though we muft love our enemies, we muft pray againft
E'leir wickednefs. And, while we earneftly ftudy the utmoft up-

Before Chrift
cir. 1056.

of thankfgiving, and tell of all' thy won
drous works.
8 Lord, 1 1 have loved the habitation ^tZtXt'sl'
of thy houfe, and the place * where thine » ^fff2tabir.
honour dwelleth. «*?*,*-»¦.
o m Gather not my foul with finners, mvlz«.\mS.'
y . J , » 25.25.Gen.18.23.
nor my life with f bloody men : "• '¦"• n-»- **-
10 nIn whofe hand is mifchief, and f"eb""n«r*'"^
their right hand is * full of bribes. «¦ ,6 lf' "• IS-
-t-P r rt t *11 11 • • X Heb. filled with.
1 1 But, as for me, Iwill walk in mine 0j„bI.lTit.,„.
integrity: p redeem me, and be merciful
unto me.
1 2 q My foot ftandeth in ah even place :
' in the congregations will I blefs the
Lord.

congregations

Gen. 6. 9. If. 38. 3.
p Pf.130. 8. Sc 25.22.
qPf. 27 n. & 40.2.
Prov. 10. 9.
r Pf. 22. 22, 25. &
116. 14, 17 — 19. Sc
42. 4. & 55. 14. 6c
J22. 4.

PSALM XXVII.
Behold here [ I ) The holy courage and undaunted bra
very of true faith amidft manifold dangers and ene
mies; I — 3. (2) What earneftnefs there ought to
be, and what jdeafure, profit, and honour, there are,
in the ftudy ojmfiimiliar fillawfhip with God ; 4 — 6.
(3) Fervent defires, with ftrong cries and fupplica
tions, for the gracious favour, fpiritual prefence,
faving direction and protection, of God; 7 — 12.
(4) Strong and encouraging expectations of help,
favour, and ftrength, from God; io, 13, 14.
A pfalm of David.
THE Lord is a my light and my bw.,«&
falvation; whom fhall I fear? b the

a Mic. 7. 8. 2 Sam.
22. 29. John 8. 12.
If. 60. 19, 20. 28. ».
84. 11.
If. \z. 2. & 41. lo.
Rom. 8. 31 — 39.

rightnefs in our practice, the church in general, and every mem
ber thereof, ought to fhare in our fervent requefts.
Reflections upon Psalm XXVI. — While here we behold
Jefus Chrift, in a figure, as holy, harmlefs, undefiled, and fepa
rated from finners, and wafh our heart and hands in his blood and
grace, let us obferve how comfortable, under calumny, it is to
poflefs confcious innocence. ' They, who truft in God, are kept
by his mighty power through faith unto falvation : and the faith
or fenfe of Jefus' love, and a due regard to his word, will eftec-.
tually reftrain from fin. But nothing is more dangerous to fouls
than fellow/hip with the ungodly. To fit long amidft light, vain,
and unprofitable, difcourfe, perhaps more deadens the heart than
that which i- notorioufly profane. No man appears really gra
cious who does not ftudy to avoid the. company of the wicked.
No man rightly approaches God's ordinances but in the way of
wafhing his heart and life in the fin-expiating and fubduing foun
tain of Jefus' blood and Spirit. ' None can love God without lov-
iig his ordinances, and counting his fervice perfect freedom, and
his works of grace inexpreffibly marvellous. — However joyous the
affemblies of finners may be now, it will be infinitely dreadful to
be gathered with them in death or in thclaft judgment. And
even thofe, who walk in their uprightnefs, muft before God ftand
on the foundation of Jefus' redeeming blood and infinite mercy ;
and all their ftedfaftnefs in Chrift-, or his way, muft be thankfully
afcribed to their God.

David's requefts and hopes.

PSA LMS

Before Chrift
cir. 1 020.
* Heb. apprcath d
• agatnfi mc
c Job 19. xi. & 31.
31. Pf. 14. 4. U
SJ 4-
dlf. 8, 9, 15. Pf. 18.
38, 42.
e Pf. 3. 6. & 56-. 4,
, IT. & Il8. 6—I4.
Phil. 1. 2$. 1 Pet.
J- I4i IS-

fl»f.j8.9. &44. t—
'4-&43.3,4.&84. 1,2, 10. & 112. 1,
a. & 23.6. I Tim.
3. 15,16. zCor. 3.
iS. Phil. 3. 8.
g Lake 11. 8, 9, &
*i3. 1. Jam. 5. 16,17.
f Or the delight.
hTT. 83. 3. & 91. 1.
& 3-2. 7. & 119.
114. & 31. 10. If.
26. 20. Sor.- 1. 4.
iPf.40.i- &16. 12.
Prov. 18. 10. John
10. 27—29.

k Pf. 5.';. a Sam. iii,
v. viii. x. xviii. xx
— xxii.
IPf. 26. 12.&66.13
— 15. Sc 22. 12, 25.
Sc 145.1,1,5,21.
& 42- 4*
$ Heb. of flouting.
mPf.4. \.Se 5. i,i.
&6. 2. &31.2. &
132- 1,2. 11:58.9.

Jt© r jffy heart faid unto
tf.ee, Let iny fact
feek thy fttce.
n Pf. 24. 6. Sc 42. r,
2. & 63. 1, 2, 8.
- ,*.- ¦
oPf, 13.T.&44-S4-
&6g. 17. &84.14.
& 102. 2. & 143.7.
K.8.17.&45. 15.
p-Heb.i;. 5. John 10.
¦27-— 29 Jer. 32.40.
q If. 49- 15, 16.
2 Tim. 4. 16, 17.
^If. 4&-3,4. ^
*"Hcb. wdl gather
me.
t Pf. 2$. 4, 5. & 86.
1 1. & cxix. & 5. 8.
¦ He i43."io. & 43.
t 3*4-
f Heb. 1 ukiv of
¦ -plabmtft.
X Heb. tbftrvtrs tf

Lord /> the ftrength of my life ; of whom
fhall I be afraid?
2 When the wicked, even mine ene
mies and my foes, * came upon me c to
eat up my flefh, they d flumbled and
fell. 2 e Though an hofl; fhould encamp
againft me, my heart fhall not fear :
though war fhould rife againft me, in this
will I be confident.
4 ¦ One thing have - 1 defired of the
Lord, that will I g feek after; that I may
dwell in the houfe of the Lord all the
days of my life, to behold + the beauty of
the Lord, and to inquire in his temple.
5 h For in the time of trouble he fhall
hide me in his pavilion : in the fecret of
his tabernacle fhall he hide me ; he fliall
fet me up ' upon a rock.
6 k And now fhall mine head be lifted
up above mine enemies round about me :
1 therefore will I offer in his tabernacle
facrifices + of joy; I will fing, yea, I will
fing praifes unto the Lord.
7 m Hear, O Lord, when I cry with
my voice : have mercy alfo upon me,
and anfwer me.
8 I' When thou faidfi, Seek ye my face ;
my heart faid unto thee, n Thy face,
Lord, will i feek.
9 ° Hide not thy face far from me ;
put not thy fervant away in anger : thou
hafl been my help ;p leave me not, neither
forfake me, O God of my falvation.
10 When *> my father and my mother
forfake me, then the Lord * will take
me up.
1 1 r Teach me thy way, O Lord, and
lead me in $ a plain path, becaufe of
* mine enemies.
12 Deliver me not over unto the will

Reflections upon Psalm XXVII. — Happy are they to
whom Jefus Chrift is jin effectual inftru£tor, Saviour, ftrength-
ener, and quickener ! He is at once the fource, the price, the
means, the matter, and the beftower, of all our fpiritual and eter
nal bleffings. .Where faith in him, through his word, keeps ftrong
and fteady, no enemies or dangers can make us either to fear or
faint. To live near him, and to behold his and his Father's
glory, in ordinances here and in heaven above, is the pleafure,
the protection, the honour, of a faint, and the matter of his thank
ful praife. Nothing can' be dearer to his heart than divine en-
VOL. I.

Before Chriii
cii. 1 020*
sl:f. \c. 11. Mal ^
$;. A.:t- ft. 11, ¦
Sc 1). 1. Sc z',. 11

courage,heart :

His fupplications and triumphs.
of mine enemies : * for falfe witnefles are
rifen up againft me, and fuch as breathe
out cruelty.
13 I had fainted, t unlefs I had believed, ^Sgo'J
to' fee the gfoodnefs of the Lord in the lo'jLfu.^0'
land of the living.
14 -u Wait on the Lord: be of good "*&%££?,.¦ &
and he fliall ftrengthen thine i|'f-|-£.'i;,*
wait, I fay, on the Lord. z^iJi.Vi'cor.
J 16. 13. Mat. 13 11.
PSALM XXVIII.
Obferve here (i) David, amidft great diftrefs, ear
neftly fupplicating deliverance from his God; I — 3.
(2) His implacable enemies doomed to the juft punijh •-
ment of their fin; 4, 5. _ (3) Himf If triumphing in
God as the hearer of his prayers, and as his protec
tor, helper, and ftrength; 6 — 8. (4) His folemn
fupplication for falvation and bleffednefe, for nourijh-
ment, honour, and fafety, to the people of God; 9;
A pfalm of David.
UNTO athee will I cry, O Lord 1%j7\\.%%1:\:
b my rock; be not filent * to me ; '^^JL.
c left, if thou be filent to me, I become * Hcb.fr
like them that go down into the pit.
2 d Hear the voice of my fupplications dPf.4.i.&27.7.&
1 t 1 1 ,-r rr.. 130. 2. & 142.1, 2.
when 1 cry unto thee, when e 1 lift up epr.6>4.& 134.2.
my hands 'r toward thy holy oracle. h^i'i^iLzm.'
2 f Draw me not away with the wicked, tOMaMi(h' '
and with the workers of iniquity, * who Z'';f*'y/am-
fpeak peace to their neighbours, but mif- fp/jf£ ,%;•/•*
chief is in their hearts
h Give them

c Lam. 3. 8. Pf. 83.
i-Sc 143. 7,8.

according

to their

g pf. 12. 2. & 55. 21.
Sc 62. 4. Jer. 9. 8.

4 VJ1VC L11C111 a^UIUUIg ill uiwu h 2Tira. 4. 14. Rev.
deeds, and according; to the wickednefs Ro'm.^^V.1'
of their endeavours : give them after the
work of their hands ; render to them
their defert.
c ' Becaufe they regard not the works Ij&m*i?*zcc't."".
of the Lord, nor the operation of his ^.y-iTher.
hands, he fliall deftroy them, and not
build them up*
6 k Blefled be the Lord, becaufe he ' E^&g^
hath heard the voice of my fupplications. &'u6.i,^.feoS
1 rn1 t ¦ n 1 J ,5' ,— la' ,Sain-
7 'The Lord is my ltrength and £A"i..'°xxJv'!dg' *'

Pf. IOj. 1—5. St
116. I,

couragements to intimate and gracious fellowfhip,with God. A
fenfe of his favour is the greateft help and comfort under manifold
troubles and wants. His inftruclions direft to fafe and honourable
walking amidft the moft malignant enemies. And, though all
men fhould forfake us, or even hate us, it is enough if he love
and fupport us. Faith irt his promifes and characters will keep
us from fainting amidft raging lufts, powerful temptations and
diftreffes, and enemies unnumbered. And, the more of his o-ood-
nefs we experience in waiting for him, the more we fhould encou
rage others to patient expectations of his grace.

David calls to praife

PSALMS.

God for his greatnefs.

Before Chrift
cir. IO20.

% Cir hbfti-ettgth.
II tiets. ftrength of
falvationt.
m i Sam. 16.13. Scz.
jo.Pf.i.6.If.6l.I.

sc— 19.&102. ij-
22. II. 4. 2. Rev.
5. 10. Sc 7. 17.
» br raft.

my fhield; /my heart trufted in him,
and lam helped : therefore my heart
greatly rejoiceth ; and with my fong will
I praife him.
8 The Lord is + their ftrength,
and he is the I' faving ftrength of his
m anointed. 9 n Save thy people, and blefs thine
* feed them alfo, and lift

n Pf. 15. 22. & 511
$.%%?%&. inheritance

them up for ever.

P S

A L M XXIX.
This Pfalm was probably compofed on the occafion of a
thunder form. It is a folemn charge from heaven
to great men to worfhip and glorify God; who,
( 1 ) In his magnificence and povoer, thunders in the
moft terrible, alarming, and deftructive, manner;
i — 9. (2) Who is fupreme Governor ofthe world,
and beftows ftrength and peace on his peculiar people ;
10, 11. A pfalm of David.
a f^ 1 V E unto the Lord, O * ye
\Ji mighty, give unto the Lord glory
and ftrength.
2 Give unto the Lord b the glory due
unto his name ; c worfhip the Lord + in
the beauty of hoiinefs.
2 The d voice of the Lord is upon the
waters: the God of glory thundereth:
the Lord is upon +many waters.
4 The voice of the Lord is " power
ful ; the voice of the Lord is * full of
majefty. 5 The voice of the Lord breaketh the
cedars ; yea, the Lord breaketh the ce
dars of Lebanon.
6 He maketh them alfo to fkip like a
• %?&&&? ealf; e Lebanon and f Sirion like a young
fDrf%?3\93.&4'48' unicorn.

a iC.hr. iS. 28,19.
. Pf.fj6.7-.9-* U5-
j. Acls 12. 23.
» Heb. ye fons of the
mighty.
k Heh- the honour of
Ms name- Pf. 96.
S. &8c,. 7.
t z Chr. 20. 21. Pf.
$7.4. &110. j.
t Or- at iHs 1 ler'mu
fancluary.
<SJr4b37-4.S-Pr.l8. 13, J«- Sc 77. 17,
18. Exod. 5. 28.
$ Qr great.
U Heb. in fouler.
* K.eb. in majefty.

Reflections upon Psalm XXVIII.- — Deep diftrefs fhould
awaken ftrong cries to God. Not the Jewifh holy of holies, but
Chrift, is our oracle, in which dwells all the fulnefs ofthe God
head, bodily; and through him' our prayers are fure to fpeed.
What a burden to exercifed faints are fin and finners while they
l^Ve in this world! Seducing finners are always bufy ; and they who
would avoid their ruin muft fhun their ways. — But great are the
thankful praifes which faints owe to their God for the mercies
which have been granted in anfwer to their prayer, and which
faith aflures them he will grant. And what almighty power and
grace Jefus Chrift, and every one of his true members, have en
gaged on their fide to prevent their mifcarriage) Clufters of well-
connected and everlafting bleffings are fecured by God for his
people. And great fhould he the joy they have in,, and care for,
#jae another's fpiritual and eternal welfare^

Before Chrift-
cir. 1020.

7 The voice of the Lord ^ divideth
s the flames of fire. t h* «**«.
8 The voice of the Lord fhaketh h the eE*>d.g.»J.&,9. io. job ot. 1,4. Sc
wildernefs : the Lord fhaketh the wil- %¦<%£*%&
dernefs of Kadefh. JiNeh.q.,9,2,.pr.
The voice of the Lord maketh the «¦'•>»• *¦*•»=«•

.9
hindsforefts

1. 10. & 31. 10.

the i Or to br in pain, and
fo bring forth. Jab

kPf.48.9,&i34.i, 2. Sc lie. 1, 2.

to calve, and difcovereth
k and in his temple + doth every
one fpeak of his glory.
10 The Lord ' fitteth upon the flood; x°lte72,te'f"'
yea, the Lord fitteth King for ever,
11
unto his people ; the Lord will blefs his "^I'lk'/Vo'?'
1 ' J2. Pf.72 3,7. &
37. n.Prnv. 2. 17.
If. 9. 7. Sc 26 12.
Jer, 33. 6. Sc la
st. Rom. 5. 1. Sc
14. 17. Phil. 4. 7.

1 Pf. 93. 4. & 10. 16.
Dan. 2. 44. 1 Tim.
I. 17.

The Lord will give ftrength
he Lord will blefs
people with peace.
PSALM XXX.
In this pfalm, compofed for the dedication of the new
palace, which David had built for himfelf at Jeru
falem, [2 Sam. v. 11.] or for the dedication of it,
after it had been polluted by Abfalom ; [2 Sam. xvi-
22.] (1) He offers thankfgiving to God, for anfuaer-
ing his prayers? — overthrowing his enemies — and pre
fierving his life; 1 — 3, II, 12. (2) He calls and
charges others to praife the Lord on account of the
purity of his nature, the fhort duration of bis frowns,
and the five etnefs of his favours; 4,5. (3) He
remarks how his carnal fecurity, under profperity,
had occafioned his fudden fall under divine hidings
and frowns; 6,7. (4) He recollects what fuppli
cations he had made to God in his former diftrefs ;
8 — 10. (5) He triumphs in the kindnefs of God
towards him ; and refolves to praife and thank him
for evermore on account of it; 11, 12.
A pfalm and fong at the a dedication of *£S.S1^
the houfe of David.

f bPf.34.I-7.&7JV
ror 1,2. &u6>i— 7.
Sc 27. 6- Se 25. 2.
& 41. Ij. & 28. 9.

I b WILL extol thee, O Lord
thou haft lifted me up, and haft not
made my foes to rejoice over me.
2 c O Lord my God, I cried unto thee„ e & ^i|Vlo»
and thou haft healed me.

Reflections upon Psalm XXIX. — Alas! how fhameful it
is that we fhould need repeated calls to the folemn worfhip and;
fervice of God ; and that great men are but feldom fhining exam
ples of devotion ! Formal ceremony of words is too often the
whole of our worfhip, which is neither performed in Jefus' holy.
name, nor in beautiful hoiinefs of heart. But infinitely gjreat ifr
the glcW of Jehovah! His voice in thunder, in ftormy tempefts,.
is not more awful and effective than his voice in his word is on
my heart, and hath been, or fhall be, in the gofpel church..
There he fpeaks to multitudes, numerous as the waters :. he
awakens, convinces, and converts, the finner ; humbles the proud,
and draws the obftinate, faft rooted as the mountains; dirts light
and love into their heart, and brings forth many fons and daughters
to glory, for the advancement of his own honour. He ftrengthen?
them againft every danger and enemy, and. bleffes them with tha{
peace which paffeth all underftanding..

David thanks God for his favours.

PSALMS.

His prayers in trouble.

Before Chrift
cir. 1046.
or 1020.
i Pf. 18. 16— 18. &
40. i, z. Sc 71. 20.
&86. 13. If. 38.
17. Jon. 2. 4,6.
ePf. 33.1. &32. 11.
&I07.2.&97.12.Phil. 4. 4. Exoil.
15. 11. Hab, 1. 12,
13-
* Or to the memorial.
fPf. 103,9. If. 57.16.
Scztt.zo.Sc 54. 7,
8. & 12. 1 — 3.
2 Cor. 4. 17. Pf.
126. 5.
t Heb. there is but
it moment in his

. % Heb. in the evening.
II Heb. finging.
g Job 29. 18 — 20.
Luke 12, 19.
h Pf. 5.I2. Sc 44. 3.
Sc 89. 17. Sc 40, 3.
*Heb. fettledjlrength
for my mountain.
i Pf. 104, 29. &6.-2,
3. & 10. 1. & 13.
1 — 3. Sc 42. 9. &
102. 10. & 143. 7.
IcPf.6.2,3. &5. 2,
3. & 130. 1, z. Sc
77- l> 2.
110-38.18. Pf.6. 5.
Seas. 11. & 115.
17. Eccl. 9. 5.

m-Pf. 41-1. &£i. Sc
51. I, Sc eg. I. &
57. 1. & 40. 17. Sc
J43- i> 7—9-
n 2 Sam. 6. 14. Pf
126. 5. If. 61. 3.
Efth. 9. 22.

3 d O Lord, thou haft brought up my
foul from the grave : thou haft kept me
alive that I fliould not go down to the
pit. 4 e Sing unto the Lord, O ye faints
of his, and give thanks '* at the remem
brance of his hoiinefs.
f For + his anger endureth but a

5

moment ; in his favour is life : weeping
may endure + for a night, but "joy cometh

in the morning

I fhall

haft

ftrong

6 s And in my profperity I faid
never be moved.
7 Lord, h by thy favour thou
* made my mountain to ftand
' thou didft hide thy face, and I was
troubled. 8 kI cried to thee, O Lord; and
unto the Lord I made fupplication.
9 l What profit is there in my blood,
when I go down to the pit r fhall the duft
praife thee ? fhall it declare thy truth ?
10 mHear, O Lord, and have mercy
upon me : Lord, be thou my helper.
11 n Thou haft turned for me my
mourning into dancing: thou haft put
off my fackcloth, and girded me with

gladnefs

-©That is, nty tongue,
or my foul. Pf. 16.
9-
p-Pf.7.17.&9. j,2.
& 13. 6. & 59. 16,
17. & 71. 14 — 24.
.Sc ciii. cx*i.
cxriii. cxlr. Sec.

1 2 To the end that ° my glory may fing
praife to thee, and not be filent. pO
Lord my God, I will give thanks unto
thee for ever.
* P S A L M XXXI.
Obferve here ( I ) David's folemn profeJfioHs of his de
pendence upon God, and' his prayers for fupport and
deliverance; I — 8. (2) His fad complaints of in
ward grief, bodily weaknefs, unkiridnefs of friends,
unjuft cenfures of enemies, and horror of death — at
tended- with a folemn committing of himfelf to God's
mercy and care, and earneft fupplication for deliver
ance- from enemies;. 9 — 18. (3) Amidft admira
tion of God's kindnefs to his people, and thankfgiving

Reflections upoN Psalm! XXX. — To what plague's and
licfcnefs the beft'of faints are by fin obnoxious in this world ! But the
¦prayer of faith is always availing under every trouble. And there is
great ground of pralfcand thankfgivirtg in every deliverance which
corrtes through JefusChrift. Howdelightfui to faifits is God's infinite
4ttd findWying Hoiinefs ! His favour!, are gre'atly beneficial : and
fltarts-lived, bat preciotffiy fruitful, art his ffbw'ns, and his people's
griefs; Fellowfhip with him Ori- earth, arid chiefly in heaven,
-ffirhs their' mourning into joys urifpeafcable and1 full of glory.
Outward profperity, or even ravifhing frames of fpiritual joy,

for favburs to himfelf he encourages himfelf and
others firmly to truft in God; 19 — 24.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of David.
N a thee, O Lord, do I put my truft ;
let me never be afhamed : b deliver
me in thy righteoufnefs.
2 c Bow down thine ear to me ; deliver
me fpeedily: be thou * my ftrong rock,
for an houfe of defence to fave me.
3 For thou art my rock and my fort-
refs ; d therefore for thy name's fake lead
me and guide me.
4 Pull me e out of the net that they
have laid privily for me ; for thou art my
ftrength. 5 fInto thine hand I commit my fpirit :
thou haft redeemed me, O Lord s God
of truth.
6 I h have hated them that regard lying
vanities ; but I truft in the Lord.
7 * I will be glad and rejoice in thy
mercy : for thou haft k coniidered my
trouble ; thou haft known my foul in
adverfities ;
8 1 And haft not fhut me up into the
hand of the enemy: thou haft fet my
feet in a large room.
ty ra Have mercy upon me, O Lord,
for I am in trouble ; mine eye is con
fumed with grief, yea, my foul and my
belly. 10 For my life is fpent with grief,
and riiy years with fighing : my ftrength
faileth becaufe of mine iniquity, and my
bones are confumed. \
1 1 n I was a reproach among all mine
enemies, but efpecially among my neigh
bours ; and a fear to mine acquaintance :
they that did fee me Without" fled from me.
12 ° I am forgotten as a dead man out
of mind: I am like t'a broken veffel.

Before Chrift
cir. 1058.

a Pf. 13. 5. Sc 2. 12.
££21.4,5. 6:25. 2.
&71. 1. If. 40.29
—31.
bPr.7.8,o.&i7.2.
&5. 8. &43. 1.
Dan. 9. 16.
c Pf. 70. 2. Sc 130. 1.
2. & 86. i. Sc 40.
17. & 143. 7. Sc
91. 15. Rom. 4.
IS, 19.
* Heb. to me for a
reck of ftrength.
d Pf. 23. 3.6V 25. 11.
Jofh. 7. 9, Ezelc.
20. 9, 14, 22. Sc
36. 22, 32.
ePf. 25. 15,. 17. &
35- 7- Sc 57. 6, Sc,
140. 5.

f Luke 23. 46. Afls
7- J9-
g Heb. 10. 23. Sc 6.
I8.Tit.i.2.2Tir(l.
2. 13. Deut. 32. 4.
h Pf. 139. 21, 22. &
15- 4> Sc 26. 4, 5.
Jon. 2. 8. Rom. I.
21.
iPf. 13. 5. &23. 6.
Sczs. 10. Sc 33. 5.
Sc 86. 5, 15. Sc 89.
r, z.
fcpf. 25. 18. Sc ISO.
53,'Exorl, 3. 7,
Lam. 3 .32, 50. Sa
5. 1. 1 Sam. 17. 37.
2 Sam. 4. 9. If. 63.
9, 13. Pf. 71. 20.
1 Pf. 4. 1. Sc tt 19.
& 119. 321 & 49.
1—3. Vfsth Deut.
32. 30; - ^
ni Pf.6. 2—7. Sc zz.
11— 19. Sc 38. 2—
10. Sc 41. 8. & 78.
3f- *J 9°- Is 9- Sc
56. 8. & 73, 14. &
77.2— 161 & 88. 3
— 10, 15,16. & 32.
3, 4. & 39. 10, 11.
Sc 102. 3—5. Job
33. 19-12. If. 53.
4, J.

n Pf. 22. 6. & 69. S
— 12,19, 20. & 35.
15, 16. 1 Cor. 4.
13. Job 19.13— 19.

oPf.88.4,S.&ii9. 83 . cc 2. 9. Jer. 19.
II. If. 38. 12.
f Heb. a siefel that
peiijbeth.

quickly occafion fecurity and pride; and become means of calling
us down into the depths of defertion and trouble. There is great
need then to be always humble and watchful' amidft fmiles of pro*.
vidence, and to believe and pray amidft de'pths 6f diftrefs. And
it is not our own advantages, but the fervices w'e can render to
God on earth, that fhould make us defire to live! Quickly God
changes the lot and frame of his people, and fills their lips with
his praife. And it is delightful v/hen high fongs of redeemirfg love
are remarkably begun on earth.

jKj

David's folemn thankfgivings for mercies. PS AL M S.

the bleffednefs of pardoned men.

Before Chrifl
cir. 1058.
» Ver. 11. I Sam. 22.
8. Sc 24. 9. Jer. 20.
10.
t\ Jer. 6. 25, 26. &
20. 3. Lam. 2. 22.
Pf. 56. 1, 2, 5.
rPf. 13.5. &56.3,
4,11. & 59.9,10.
Sc 142. 4, 5. &
61. 2.
t John 7. 30. & ig.
jo, u.
t Pf. 7. 1, 2. Sc 13. 1
— 4. Sc 17. 13. &
54. I, 2.
11 Num. 6. 25. Dan.
0. 17. Pf. 4. 6. &
80. 3, 7, 19. &
67. I. '
x Pf. 51. 1. Sc 54. 1.
&56.J. &57. 1. Sc
79. 8, 9. & 106. 4.
J Ver. l.Pf. 25. 2, 3.
& 6f> 6.
z Pf. 6. 10. Sc 25. 3.
Sc 35. 4, 25. & 40.
16. & 70. 3. Sc 83.
13 — 18. iSaai. 2.9.
X Or let them he cut off
j.r the grave.
» Pf. 12. 3.&6s. 11.
Sc ei). 12. 1 Sani.
2. 3. Jude 15.
II Heb. a hard thing.
bPf. 12. 3. & 123. 3,
4- Sc 64. 3, 4. &
44- JS— 17- If- 36-
4—20. & 37. Ic—
13-

c If. 64. 4.1 Cor. 2.9.
I Pet. 2. 4. I John
3.2. Pf. 16. II. Sc
J7- '5- Sc 73. 24—
jj.scxKi7xitii: raen
35.10. 2 Tim. 4. 8.

13 For I have heard the p flander of
many : q fear was on every, fide : while

againft me,

misjs

b proudly
the ridi- o

dPf. R3.3. &27. 5.
& 64. 2. & 91. 1,
*i*.'&37.3*.H. Job 5. 21, 22.

e Pf. 17. 7. & ;6. 7.
Zech.q. 17. II. 63.
7,'9-Pf- 86. 13,15.
I Sam. xxiii.
* Cr fenced city.
f Pf. 116. 11. Jon. 2.
4. If. 38. 10—12.
Sc 49. 14. Lam. 3.
54. Ezek. 37. 11.
f Pf. io5. 8. & 6. 9.
& 55. 16. & 28. 6.
h "Dent. 6. 5. & 30.
6. Mat. 22. 37.
I John 4. 19.
i 1 Pet. I. 5. Jude 1.
Col. 3. 3. John 10.
27 — 29. Rom. 4.8
— 10. 2 Thef. I. 6
— 10.

they took counfel together
they devifed to take away my life
14 r But I trufted in thee, O Lord ;
I faid, Thou art my God.
1 5 s My_ times are in thy hand : ' de
liver me from the hand of mine enemies,
and from them that perfecute me.
16 u Make thy face to fhine upon
thy fervant : * fave me for thy mercies'
fake. 1 7 y Let me not be afhamed, O Lord ;
for I have called upon thee: Met the
wicked be afhamed, and +let them be
filent in the grave.
1 8 aLet the lying lips be put to filence,
which fpeak \ grievous th
and contemptuouily againft
teous. 19 c Oh how great is thy goodnefs,
which thou haft laid up for them that
fear thee, which thou haft wrought for
them that truft in thee before the fons of
1
20 d Thou fhalt hide them in the fecret
of thy prefence from the pride of man :
thou fhalt keep them fecretly in a pavilion
from the ftrife of tongues.
- 21 Blefled be the Lord; e for he hath
fhewed me his marvellous kindnefs in a
* ftrong city.
22 For I faid f in my hafte, I am cut
off from before thine eyes : s neverthelefs,
thou heardeft the voice of my fupplica
tions when I cried unto thee.
23 h O love the Lord, all ye his
faints : for the Lord ' preferveth the

Before Chrift
cir, 1045-

faithful, and plentifully rewardeth the
proud doer. ~~
24 k Be of good courage, and he fhall kf fttffi.t
ftrengthen your heart, all ye that hope in ^,\,*-K'Ap-v>-
the.LoRD.
PSALM. XXXII.
Perhaps this pfalm was compofed for the great day of
the national atonement, on the tenth day of the fe
venth month; [Lev. xvi. J In it obferve (i) The
exceeding riches of the grace of God, manifefted in
bleffing men with forgivenefs of fin, , and. with pro
tection amidft dangers, and direction in duty ; j, 2,
7, 8. (2) The indifpenfable duty of thofe who defire
new covenant bleflings — viz. to ' acknowledge their
offences to- God — to implore his favours, which they
need — to walk humbly and circumfpectly before him—'
and to rejoice in him as God and their God; 3 — 6,
9— II.
A pfalm of David, a Mafchil.
LE S S E D is he whofe b tranfgref-
fion is forgiven, whofe fin is co
vered. 2 BlelTed is the man unto whom the
Lord imputeth not iniquity, and c in c John ,. 47. Re«
whofe fpirit there is no guile. T.'t.52.\20r'I,J
3 When d I kept filence my bones ^-.V^.
waxed old through my roaring all the
day. long.
4 For e day and night thy hand was '^tffcS:**
heavy upon me : my moifture is turned
into the drought of fummer. Selah.
5 f I acknowledged my fin unto thee, '^'tl^f^t
and mine iniquity have I not hid. SI faid, ix£zraix-
T -ii r r r rr 1 tPscyi.zi.sz.ir.6s.
1 will confefs my tranlgrefnons unto the J*;,JohriI->.
Lord ; and thou forgaveft the iniquity
of my fin. Selah. - •
6 h For this fhall every one that is
godly pray Unto thee * in a time when
thou mayeft be found : furely in

» Or giving inflrac-.
tim. Pi. xiv. Hi.
liii, Ixxiv. Ixxviii.
Ixxxix. cxlii.
b Rom. 4. 7. Pf. 85.
z. If. 1. 1S.&40.
I, 2. Sc 43. 25. &
44. 22. Rom. 3.22.
24. Sc e. 1. & 81 1.
33, 34. -a Cor. 5.
19, 21. Aas 13: 39,
Eph. 1. 7.

Job 33. 24, 28. If.
I. 18. & 44. 22.
h I Tim. 1. 16. Pf.
69. 13. If. 49. 8, Se
55-6.

fading.
iPf. 42. 7. Sc6q. t,
the 2- If- 43- I. »• Pf-
^ ^ 91.7,10.

Reflections upon Psalm XXXI. — Truft in God never
iffues in confounding difappointments. Both Jefus and Jehovah's
righteoufnefs fecure to believing fupplicants a fpeedy deliverance
out of -every trouble and fnare; and fervent prayers in Jefus' name
enfuje a quick and comfortable anfwer. The more we commit our
felves to God, the more we fhall experience of his faithfulnefs in
performing his' promifes : and, the more we know of his redeem
ing power and grace^ and of'his faithfulnefs, the more fully we Ihall
commit ourfe'ves-to his care in life or in death. When God is
cur portion we may renounce every thing elfe as lying vanities.
And his uhceafing mercies, his fympathy under trouble, his pro
tection from evils, and his incriafe of bleffings, deferve oiir con
ftant "returns of praife. But, though the fins of faints cannot
ilamn them, yet they often feverely diftrefs them on earth, And

through much conformity to Chrift, in the enduring of hatred,
reproach, and perfecution, they muft enter into the celeftial king
dom of God. The wicked often abandon themfelves to the moft
falfe and virulent reproach againft Jefus Chrift and his people; but
diftrefs, death, and judgment, will q,uickly filence them. Meanwhile,
God's prefent protection of his people, and the unbounded happi-,
nefs of heaven, are comforts more than fufficient for the faints, to
balance all their troubles on earth, Often his. great and unex
pected mercies fhame their unbelief, and rebuke .their carnal fear.
And O what reafon the beft have to bqwail their repeated ana
deep defpondencies under trouble, and to encourage others, j^
avoid them! For, when we confider our God and his mercies,
alas how cold is our love, how weak, our faith, and languid out
hoPes! , , / '.....'., i, . . , . ."_,-.>¦.

Solemn calls to praife God,

PSALMS.

God's power and kindnefs.

Fclbre Chrifl

;°.io4s- floods of great waters they fhall not come
nigh unto him.
k&itf4V 7 k Thou art my hiding place ; thou
ipT4o. r-Jfe0' flialt Preferve me from trouble; l thou
¦Svlii.&odfy. fhalt compafs me about with fongs of
»Jfxxvi«iviii. deliverance. Selah.
*%£$£*• 8 m r will inftruft thee and teach thee
t »eb. i v,;u counfei in the way which thou fhalt go : +1 will
ihee, mine eye Itizll • 1 1 • . t>
uupmthee. guide thee with mine eye.
"Sm.^s.'buV' 9 " Be -ye not as the horfe, or as the
^tiiX'^ist mule, which have no underftanding :
2o.jC0r.14.20. whofe mouth muft be hdd ia wkh ^
and bridle, left they come near unto
thee.
•MftES io • Many forrows fhall be to the
pw.2.Ii2.&5.,2. wicked : ? but he that trufteth in the
s/^^ri^ri Lord, mercy fhall compafs him about.
—n. Epk. s. 4,7, 8. T, i j ¦ it i • •
«pf.j2.,.&64..o. 1 1 q Be glad in the Lord, and rejoice,
tX , p^i.Vr ye righteous : and fhout for joy, all ye
jThef. 5. 16. '/ . ° r • i .. ¦ 1 J J
Rom. 5. i-n. that are upright in heart.
2 Cor. j. 12. 1 O

g the earth is full of the * goodnefs

r Gen. 6. 9. Job 1. 1.
John 1. 47. Acls
34,10. 1 Cor. 1. 12.

i Pf. 32. II. If. 4S-
17. 24, 25. Sc 61.
10. Rom. 5. 2, n.
bPf.97.l2.&l47.I. Sc 135.2 &02. 1,
2. Sc 149. 2.
c Pf. 02. 3. &9S. 4,
5. & 150. 3— -6.
Rev. 14. 2.

J Pf. 96. 1. Sc 98. 1.
Sc 144. 9. & 149.
I. If. 42. 10. Rev.
14. 3. Eph. 5. 19.
Col. 3. 16.
e Prov. 30. j. Pf. 19.
8. i.en. 24. 27.
Mic. 7. 20.
f Pf, II, 7. & 45. 7.
& 119 137. Rev.
16. 5,6. & 15- 3-

PSALM XXXIII.
Contains a fweet, but folemn, fummons to praife the
Lord ( 1 ) For his juftice, goodnefs, and truth, mani
fefted inhis word and works ; I — 5.. (2) For his
power, manifefted in the work of creation, and in
his fovereign dominion over the world ; 6 — 1 1, 13 —
17. (3) For his fpecial and new-covenant relations,
and merciful kindnefs towards his chofen people ; 12.
I&— 2?.T
REJOICE a in the Lord, O ye righ
teous ; for praife b is comely for
the upright.
2 c Praife the Lord with harp : fing
unto him with the pfaltery, and an in
ftrument often firings.
2 d Sing unto him a new fong ; play
fkilfully with a loud noife.
4 e For the word of the Lord is right ;
and all his works are done in truth.
5 He f loveth righteoufnefs and judg

ment of the Lord.
6 h By the word of the Lord were the
heavens made ; and all the hoft of them
by the breath of his mouth.
7 ' He.gathereth the waters ofthe fea
together as an heap : he layeth up the
depth in ftorehoufes.
8 kLet all the earth fear the Lord : let
all the inhabitants of the world ftand in
awe of him.
9 ' For he fpake, and it was done ; he
commanded, and it ftood faft.
1 o m The Lord + bringeth the counfel
mpf the heathen to nought : he maketh the
devices of the people of none effecT:.
1 1 " The counfel ofthe Lord ftandeth
for ever, the thoughts of his heart + to all
generations. 1 2 ° Bleffed is the nation whofe God
is the Lord; and the people whom he
hath chofen for his own inheritance.
13 pThe Lord looketh from heaven;
he beholdeth all the fons of men.
14 From Uhe place of his habitation
he looketh upon all the inhabitants of the
earth. 1 5 He r fafhioneth their hearts alike ;
she confidereth all their works.
1 6 c There is no king faved by the mul
titude of an hoft : a mighty man is not
delivered by much ftrength.
17" An horfe is a vain thing for fafety :
neither fhall he deliver any by his great
ftrength. 1 8 * Behold, the eye of the Lord is
upon them that fear him, upon them that
hope in his mercy ;
1 9 y To deliver their foul from death,
and to keep them alive in famine.

Ee<bre Chrift
cii. 1045.
gPf. 119.64. Mat. 5.
45. Afls 14. 17.
* Or mercy.
h Gen. i. i, 6, 7. &
2. 1. Heb. 11. 3.
John r. 3. Eph. 3.
9. Job 26. 13. Sc
33. 4. Gen. 1. 2.
iGen. 1.9. 2 Pet. 3,
5. Job 38. B— II.
Prov. 8. 29. Jer. J.
22. Job 26. 10.
k Deut. 28. 58, 59.
Pf. 64. 9. Eccl. 3.
14. Jer. 5.22. Rev.
14. 7. Sc 15. 4. Sc
19. 5.

IGen. 1. 3— 24. Heb.
11. 3. Pf. 148.5,6.

m If. 19. 3. Sc 8. 10,
|ob 5. 12, 2 Sam*.
v. viii. x. xviii.
xx. xxi.
f Heb. maketh
fruflrate.
n Job 23. 131 Dan. 4,
35. Eph. 1. 11.
Prov. 10. 21. &
20. 30. If. 46. Iff,'
Sc 14. 24, 27.
t Heb. to generation
and generation.
oDeut. 33.9,29. Pf.
65.4.&144.15.& 146. 5. Sc 135. 4.
Exod. 19. 5, 6.
Tit. 2. 14. 1 Pet.
a. g.Pf-72. 16, 17.
l>2Chi. 16. Q.}?\s
28.24. Pf- Jl-4.
Prov. 15. 7. Heb.
4. 13.
q Pf. 115. 3. Sc 1. 4.
Sc 123. 1. & 103.
19. If. 66. 1. 1 Kin.
8. 17. PI.139.2.&
102. 19, 20.
r If. 64. 8. Prov.
22. 2.
s Job 34. 21. Jer. 32.
19.
tPf. 44.6 Exod. xiv.
Jofh. X. xi. Jmtg.
iii. iv. vii. 1 Sam.
vii. xiv. xvii.
2 Sain. v. viii. x.
2 Chr. xiii. xiv.
xx. xxxii. ,
u Pf. 20. 7. Sc 147,
JO. Prov. 21. 31.

x 2 Chr. 16. 9. Joh
36. 7- Pf- 34.1S-*
147. 11. I Pet. 3.
12. Pf. 16. 1. oi

y Job 5. 19—22. Pf.
34. 17—19. Prov.
10.3.

Reflections upon Psalm XXXII. — Dreadful is the nature
of fin! It; and nothing elfe, renders us miferable.. But rich is the
grace of God, and efficacious the merit of Jefus' blood, which
freely removes it. And juftification through his imputed righ
teoufnefs effectually promotes integrity and hoiinefs of heart and
life! But the remains of fin muft be purged out by fore trou
bles and wounding convictions. For there is a clofe connection
between gofpel repentance and pardon of fin. It is not, however,
our repentance, but Goa"'s mercy in Chrift as the atonement,
that is the caufe of our pardon. Hopeful is a finner's cafe when
he is once brought' to humble applications to a gracious God, who

is more ready to pardon than we are to pray for it. They who
feek him, even in trouble, fhall furely find him; the more immi
nently terrible their danger, the more fhall his crace and love be
magnified in their falvation. And it is no fmall encouragement
to their feeking of God in their diftrefs that others, like them
felves, have found mercy in like cafes. But great is the protec
tion, prefervation, deliverance, inftruction, and direction, which
God bellows upon his pardoned ones, while the impenitent are
loaded with forrows everlafting and unnumbered. It is. neceffary
then to receive his inftrudtions, and to bend before his warning ,,
that we may rejoice in his mercy and triumph in bis praife,.

t)avid praifes God 'for his favours. PSALMS.
-20 % Our foul waiteth for- the Lord

Before Chrift
cir. 1058.
**!•-¦&.• 1, 5. &. 30. he is our help and our fhield
'5V6.&115.9— 12. . a XT'
U-4J-3-1. 21 ror our

heart fhall rejoice in
'fal?.;I:»*7- him, becaufe we have trufted in his holy

J Sam. 30. 6. -Pf.
us. 5-14- name.

b Pf. 5. 12. & 32. 10.
2 bam. 7. 25. Pf.
119.41,49,76,77.

arSatn. 21.13. Prov.
xj.25. Pi'. 8.4.
» Or jlchsfh.

b Eph. 5. 20. 1 Thef.
5. 18. 2Thef. I. 3.
Afls 16.15- Col. 3-
17. Pf. 71. 8, 14-
15.

c 2 Cor. 2. 14. Jer.?-
24. Pf. 105. 3. If-
45. 25. Sc 4'- J6-
Luke I. 46, 47-
dPf.ll9.74-&I4». 7. & 22. 23,26.
ePf. xcv — c. cv —
cvii- cxvi— cxvlii.
cxlv^cl.
fPf. 6. 9. & 18. 6,16.
Sc 22. 24. Sc J 18.
5. Heb, 5. 7-

* If. 45. 22. Pf. 121.
1, 2.iSam. 22.29.
t Ot tbiy fkwiA.

bVcr. 4,5. Pf. 40.J7-
& 102. 17. Gen.
32. 10.

22 bLet thy mercy, O Lord, be upon
us, according as we hope in thee.
PSALM XXXIV.
This pfalm was compofed by David, when Achijh, or
Abimelech king of Gath, drove him from his court, as
an idiot or madman; [1 Sam. xxi. 10 — 15.] Here
are ( I ) David's high praifes to God, for the fa
vours which himfelf and others had received; I — 6.
(2) His warm invitations and ftrong encourage
ments to others to feek afte,r and fear the Lord,
and to truft in him for all neceffary fupplies, in time
or in eternity; 7 — 10. (3) Familiar advices to
children and others to efichew every thing finful, and
make confeience of known, duty, both towards God and
men, as a mean of prefent and future happinefs ; 1 1 —
14. (4) A reprefentation of the mifery of the
wicked, in having God againfl them, as an aveng
ing enemy, and in having ruin before them as the juft
reward of their fins ; and. of the happinefs of the
godly in having God near to them in every cafe, ready
to hear their requefts, to protect them amidft dan
gers, and to deliver them from enemies and trouble*;
15 — 22.
A pfalm of David when J he changed his
behaviour before * Abimelech ; who
drove him away, and he departed.
Ib WILL blefs the Lord at all times :
his praife fhall continually be in my
mouth. 2 e My foul fhall make her boaft in the
Lord-: d the humble fhall hear thereof,
and be glad.
2 e O magnify the Lord with me, and
let us. exalt his name together.
4 f I fought the Lord, and he heard
me, and delivered me from all my
fears. 5 s They + looked unto him, and were
lightened : and their faces were not
afhamed. 6 h This poor man cried, and the Lord

God's care of this people
heard him, and faved him out of all his
troubles.

Before Chi ill
cir. iojS.

7 K The angel ofthe Lord encampeth '^YfcJS;*

Zech. 9; 8. If.
36. Dan. 6. 21,
91. ij.

Vi.

Exod. 34. 6,7. Pf.
35. 10. Sc ib. j. Sc
16. ll. Sc 119. 68.
John 6. 33,51—57.
lPf.2. 12. &84112.
&33.l2.Jer.i7.7.

mPf.89. 28. Hoi
12, 28.

-. Mat. k.
3. 5. Heb.

n pf. 23. 1. Phil. 4.
19. Eph. 3. 19.
I Cor. 3. 22,23.
Col. 2. 3, 9, 10.
John 1. 14, 16.
o Job 4. 11. Pf. 84.
u. Rom. 8. 28.
2 Cor. 4. 17.
p 2 Kin. 2. 3. Jbhn
H. 33- Gal. 4. 19.
Prov. 4. 1.
q Prov. I. 7, 8. Sc z.
1—9. & 3. 1— 12.
r 1 Pet. 3. 10—12.
If: 1. 16— 19. Deut.
6. z.tcyj. 15 — 20.

round about them that fear him, and
delivereth them.
8 k O tafte and fee that the Lord is k I *";?;'• y°hn
good : ' blefled is the man that trufteth
in him.
9 ra O fear the Lord, ye his faints ;
n for there is no want to them that fear
him. io" The young lions do lack, and fuf
fer hunger : but they that feek the Lord
fhall not want any good thing.
11 Come, ye p children, hearken unto
me : I 1 will teach you the fear of the
Lord. 1 2 r What man is he that defireth life,
and loveth many days, that he may fee
good ?
13 5 Keep thy tongue from evil, and
thy lips from fpeaking guile.
14 'Depart from evil, and do good;
u feek peace, and purfue it.
1 5 x The eyes of the Lord are upon
the righteous, and his ears are open unto
their cry.
16 y The face of the Lord is againft ^.Y7*}^
them that do-evil, to cut off the remem
brance of them from the earth.
1 7 * 'The righteous cry, and the Lord
heareth, and delivereth them out of all
their troubles.
1 8 a The Lord is nigh * unto them
that are of a broken heart ; and faveth
11 fuch as be of a contrite fpirit
1 9 b Many are the afflictions of the
righteous ; but the Lord delivereth him
out of them all.
20 cHekeepeth all his bones ; not one
of them is broken.
21 dEvil Ihall flay the wicked ; and
they that: hate the righteous * fhall be.
defolate.

s Pf. 39. 1, Jam.
19,26.,

t If. 1. 16—19.
3 John 11: Pf, 37.
3>*7.
11 l/tsa. j. 9. Rom.
12. 18. Heb. 12.14.
x Job 36. 7. Pf. 33.
10. 1 Pet. 3. 12.
»Chr. 16. 9. If.
58. 9. & 65. 14.

Amos 14.8.

SSt> . Prov. 10. 7,

z Ver. 4—6, 15. Pf.
50. 15.&91.15.&
65. z. & 3. 4. & 6.
8, 9. If. 58i 9. &
65.24-

a Pf. r45- 8. If. tj. 3.
Sc 57. 15. Sc 66. 2.
Pf. 51- 17-
} Heb fo the .rotten
of heart.
H Heb. contrite of
Jpirth
b sTim. 3. 11, u.
Afls 14. 22. John
j6. 33. Job:5. 15.
2 Cor. 4. 17. If. 15.
10. Rev. 7.14—17.
c Johiiiig^fK Piov.
12. 21.
d If. 3. 11. Rom. z.
s, 9. pr. 94. 23.
Luke 12. 20.
* Qr fhall he guilt).

Reflections upon Psalm XXXIII. — How great, glbrious,
and o-ood, is our God ! and as extenfive is the matter, and reafon
able the exercife, of our praife. All that God is in himfelf; all that
he hath declared in his word; all that he hath done in his works ;
is the matter of his gift, and. fubject of our fongs. Thrice happy
are his peculiar people, to whom he is their Portion, their kind

Obferver, their powerful Protector, their almighty Deliverer, their
gracious Provider, and conftant Preferver ! The. thoughts of his
univerfal power, influence, and operations, and the vanity of all
things befide him, fhould effectually engage us to contented refig
nation of ourfelves, and all that we have, into his, hand.

David's prayer for God\ • inter pof tion. PSALMS.- Complains of ingratitude and reproach.

Before Ch-ifl
cir. 1056

fRom. 8. 1, ji— jg.
John 10. 27 — 29.
I Pet. 1. 5. Col. j.
j. John 14. 19,

_ 22 e The Lord redeemeth the foul of
>sam.4.9.pr-7i, his fervants ; f and none of them that truft
»s.«.&97.io. m him fhall be defolate.
PSALM XXXV.
/» rAw //7//B (1) David, as a type of Chrift, com
plains ofthe cruelty of his enemies, in ft riving with
him — in perfecuting him— in flecking his ruin — and
in reproaching, contemning, deriding, and triumphing,
over him; j, 3, 4, 7, 11, I5j 16, 20, 21, 25, 26.
(2) He pleads his own innocency, that he had never
given them any provocation ; but, amidft their abufe
of him, had earneftly and affectionately ftudied to
promote their welfare; 7, 19, 12, 13, 14. (3} He
prays that God would efpoufe his caufe; protect, de
liver, and comfort, his foul; defeat the defigns, and
difappoint the expectations, of his enemies ; and that
he would countenance and encourage his friends; I,
2,4,17,22 — 27. (4) He predicts the deftruction
of his enemies, andthe abounding of his own comfort;
and, in the views of both, refolves to thank and praife
the Lord; 4 — 10, 18, 28.

*Pf. 9.4. &7. 6,8.
& 43. 1. Sc 119.
154. Lam. 3. 58.
Jer. 51. 36, Mic.
T- 9> i°-

A pfalm of David
'TJLEAD my caufe, O Lord,

th

that ftrive with

me

wifight

•Exert thy power
and wndom in
Srotecling me and
eilroying mine
enemies.

bPf. 131 9. & 143. 8.
John 6. 63. If- 50.
4. &45..17.
< Pf. 40. 14, 15. Sc
71. 13. Sc 70. 2, 3-
Sc 109. 28, 29. Sc
25. j. & 31. 17,
Jer. 46. 5.

d Jobarf. 18. Pf. I. 4.
If. 17. 13. & 29. 5.
Hof. 13. 3.
e Exod. 12. 29. If.
37. 36. Aits 12. 23.
i Heb. darhuft and
Jlifperintfs.

fPf.7-4.»5-&J40. p 8c6i.Zr-e.Se
in). 85.

them
againft them that fight againft me
2 * Take hold of fhield and buckler,
and ftand up for mine help.
3 Draw out. alfo. the fpear, and Hop the
way againft them that perfecute me :
b fay unto my foul, I am thy falvation.
4 cLet them be confounded and put
to fhame that feek after my foul : let them
be turned back and brought to confufion
that devife my hurt.
5 dLet them be as chaff before the
wind ; e and let the angel of the Lord
chafe them.
6 Let their way be "•" dark and flippery ;
and let the angel of the Lord perfecute
them. 7 l For without caufe have they hid for
me their net in a pit, which without caufe
they have digged for my foul.

18,19,23. & 64. f.
into that very & 58-7-9-
% Heb. which he
knoweth not of.

8 s Let deftruction come upon him cir?,^!1
+ at unawares ; h and let his net that he Ts^rtteTTifsfn.-
hath hid catch himfelf
deftruction let him fall.
9 'And my foul fhall be joyful in the **;&$)£•*£
Lord : it fhall rejoice in his falvation. ipr. 32. 1..&4&-.
10 k All my bones fhall fay, Lord, "& /is's-i*'
who is like unto thee, who ' delivereft k {£,! ¦&£$*
the poor from him that is too ftrong for %£¦ 9- 17-' «".*"'
him, yea, the poor and the needy from ipr.9.i*. « 22:24..
him that fpoileth him ? &ob'.3iI:&|1'1":
„ 11 x-, 1 /- • rr- t -1 ¦ r J2— 14. & 102. 17,.
11 m|1 t alfe witnefles- did rife up ; l0- & lcs- *¦¦
"' they laid to. my charge things that I \>.:»l"i^?";»,
knew not. ijL'^J*
12 n They rewarded me evil for good, ft"™1'
. I 4. r -,• r r 1 * Heb. they asbdfhr.
ta the t ipoiling of my foul. „ w. ,8.2o. sic,..
13 ° But, as for me, when they were * * f\* "*"
r 1 ii- r f 1 1 t+j fHeb.drfrhitng,.
lick, my clothing was fackcloth : 1 +hum- ojemsuo-jobjo,-.
bled my foul with faffing; and my prayer M^"i.%%.
J . . . ir Heb- '*¦ 3-
p returned into mine own bofom. %Q,Tamid,
14 I II behaved myfelf * as though he p^1ItjIOHjj'*6Coj1
i6(3<^ ^<?« my friend or brother: I bowed B h*. WW..
down heavily, as one that mourneth for *He<> -««/w™w
•/ y »/ a brother to me.
his mother.
15 But in mine ^'adverflty rthey.re--q*VjSSo.S

joiced, and gathered themfelves together: rJ*/a&I'^"-pr-
/<?«, the abjects gathered themfelves to* fif'&tS
gether againft me, and I knew it not ; z1^. V™" sif'
they did tear me, and ceafed not r
16 sW.ith hypocritical, mockers1 in sVl^z%\f?.§:
feafts,. t they gnafhed upon me with their , "{ '™*j^1&
teeth. 9iL*kcz.k
1 7 Lord, u how long wilt thou look "l^'S^t
on ? * refcue my foul from their deftruc- xF5^2ffa,"-&:
tions, + my darling from the lions. , t.iub.mymi,me.
18 y I will give thee thanks in the great y %; %¦£ >£:£;
congregation: I will' praife thee among £ '£*?•' *v!?*'
* much people. tHeb.^.^,
19 Let not them that are mine enemies;
I' wrongfully rejoice over me : neither let uKa-Wy-

Reflections upon Psaem XXXIV. — Great is the fove
reignty of God in fmiling upon his people, when their folly richly
deferves his fearful frowns ! He can wonderfully change their hea-
viefts loads. of fear into fhouts of praife: and certain and' fpeedy
are his gracious returns to the prayers- of faith. None wait on
bum, none cry to him,, and, are difappointed. What angelic guards
protect, what unfailing provifion is made for, them that fear him !"
Though the moft ravenous- beafts, and- covetous men,, fhould be
pinched and: ftarved, none than fear him fhall ever want, either for
foul or for body, what is for their good. It is a great mercy when
children are from their infancy carefully inftrufted in the word

and ways of God. And negligent parents and' mafters will have--
an heavy charge to anfwer in the day of God,. if for lack of know
ledge their children and fervants eternally periffi; How ftrictly--
are hoiinefs and happinefs connected! But marvellous is God's"
love to his people, in dwelling with them,, delighting in. them*,
hearing, their requefts, and in delivering, preferring, and redeem-*
ing,. th*m. And who can fupport under his indignation. againft.
the wicked! But let me not here forget his kindnefs to Jefus our.
Mediator, and the vengeance which he did,, and will, .take on his,
Jewifl^ heathen, antichriftian,, andotherropjiofere..

Wickednefs of men defcribed. PSALMS,
dr-Ti^ef x them wink with the eye that hate a me
* Prov. 6. 13. & 10. without a caufe.
aPr'6,,4- fc' 109. , 2° For b they Q>eak not peace ; but they
jotaL,sm2S'' 51, devife deceitful matters againft them that
^prov?!?'*.57^ are qUiet in the land.
21 c Yea, they opened their mouth wide
'-•' againft me, and faid, Aha, aha, our eye

4. 16.
C-Pf. IS. 2—10. Sc
36. 3,4. &3S. 12
Sc 56. 5, 6. & 64

if?zi;?:£'Lj, hath feen zV.
- 8. Sc 40. 15. Dan. rr's • 1
6.5. 22 vm thou

haft feen, O Lord :
'&£:]:&: llY9'.i keep not filence: O Lord, be not far
fc 102. 2. & 10. 14. r
from me.
e pf. 44. 23, 26. & 23 e Stir up thyfelf, and awake to my

Before Chrilt
cir. roc 8.

God' s excellencies celebrated.
life, he is to his people; 5—9. '(3) How, from
the excellency and goodnefs of God, David draws
encouragement to pray for himfelf and other faints, aGen.,20. it. am.
and to triumph in the view -of his enemies' ruin; jVCcf.^rT' S' ,J'
10 12. b Deut. 29, 19. Jer.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of 'David sz'..-^,!"1'"

the fervant of the Lord.

* Heb. tofnd Us
iniquity to hate.

7.6.
fpr.ii9.94.&,8. judgment, even unto my caufe,
•1-3. & 89- 26. & ¦> f> ' j '
i4^4,5-&3M4- and my Lord.
E24.72-r^.',s'6M' 24 g Tudge me, O Lord
II. 3- 10, II.

my

God

God, hlet

24 s Judge me, V JLord my
„ according to thy righteoufnefs ; and
h Job 20. 5. Pf, 38. O m J tD '
t'c^-ltsc^i. them not rejoice over me.
"=r-'s,i9- . 2^ Let them not fay in their hearts,
'^fli'lt'zflL '-Ah, fo would we have it: let them not
fay, We have fwallowed him up.
fcItr34&".'i7,.'& 2& k Let them be afhamed and brought
'i^zt.'it%.f: to confufion together that rejoice at mine
13-is. ' ' '0>' hurt : let them be clothed with fhame and
IP26.5obad.J,"'48' difhonour that1 magnify themfelves againft
me.
mj.{'d°il6"s%!i1, 27 m Let them fhout for joy and be
,1 cor. .2. 26. ja(j tinat favour *my righteous caufe:
* Heb. my nghtetuf- ° J ¦ . O
»«> yea, let them fay continually-, Let the
"Io;I1?zeph!r3.3,7: Lord be magnified, n who hath pleafure
in the profperity of his fervant.
, 28 And ° my tongue fhall fpeak of thy
S^'m-'A* righteoufnefs and of thy praife all the day

• pf. 50. 14. 4V57. 7
— 9. &71. 8, 14—
24. & ioq. JO. .Sc

long.

PSALM XXXVI.

'Obferve here - ( 1 ) How great is the wickednefs of men !
They naturally contemn God,. flatter themfelves in fin,
and abandon themfelves to falfehood and mifchief;
1 — 4. (2) How great the excellency of God, in
truth, in righteoufnefs, -and in mercy! And what a
fountain of prefervation, fupport, comfort, light,, and

Reflections upon Psalm XXXV.— The beft of men are
often moft cruelly perfecuted. But a good God to plead their
caufe, and a good confeience to witnefs their integrity, are enough
to comfort them. And a time is at hand when God will fuffi-
ciently recompenfe all the injuries done to them. However little
perfecutors fee it, their feet ftand on a flippery place, and a dread
ful pit of ruin is juft before them. And, though we may not wifh
evil to our worft enemier, yet we may fafely wifh confufion to the
implacable enemies of Chrift and his church. Bafe ingratitude
grievcufly wounds a generous fpirit ; when the greateft fervices
meet with an ill requital. But, let men ufe us as they will, it is

THE tranfgfeflion ofthe wicked faith ^iff^
within my heart, a that there is no s,^ii7^%
fear of God before his eyes. dp£i4.i-s.&si.
2 b For he flattereth himfelf in his own If /f • «• »¦'&"
eyes, until his iniquity be found to be <=pc 10. ». & M.„.
,J c 1 ^ - J &38.12.&64.6.
hateful. ¦* >4°- 2-4.
Prov. 4. 16. Mic.
2 c The words of his mouth are ini- 2' "'
quity and deceit : he d hath left Off to be f a^"Tm „,
wife, and to do good. v^zf
1 ¦ r 1 J. Tl • r 1 • 8Jol>Ji-l6-Prov.4J
; He devileth t mifchief upon his £ gjE^Sf^,
he fetteth himfelf f iii a way that is siLlf*-*"-1'-
ood ; g he abhorreth not evil.

4
bed :

not , go^u ,
5 h Thy mercy,
heavens

h Pf. 57. ia. & 108.
4. & 103. 11. Bo-
O Lord, is in the fV'1-
and thy faithfulnefs reacheth '.u-j-^efi.%ffl.
J Jer. 12. l.Pf. 145.
unto the clouds. I7"
6 '.Thy righteoufnefs is like + the great •/cw.T"1
mountains ; thy k judgments are a great ^T^pr.^",,:
deep: O Lord, thou 1 preferveft man and '^k^ff5^-
DCclil. m Heb. precious.
7 How m excellent is thy loving-kind- .J^* *K^
nefs, O God ! therefore the children of S|,^
men "put their truft under the fhadow, j^z'^-V^.
of thy wings. "Il^l&t
8 ° They fhall be abundantly p fatisfied ».V
with the fatnefs of thy houfe ; and thou 'j^
fhalt make them drink of .the river of thy <u«. 2.13.801.^4.
J 15. Zech. 13. 1.
pleafures. Kt":14-
o For q with thee is the fountain of '-J«i>n ». »¦ * 1. *
life : ' in thy light, fhall we fee light.
10 O 'continue thy loving-kindnefs
unto them that know thee; .and thy ¦
righteoufnefs to the upright in heart.
11 'Let not the foot of pride come ;!,

& 16. 11. Rev.

. watered. .

zm. 1. 17. Pf. 4.
6, 7. If. 60. 19.
Rev. 21. 23.
3 Heb. draw out at

Jer. 31. 3. If. 51. 6,
8. zl"ime-4.l.j,£.
t Dan. 4. .7. E2ck.
30. 6. Pi. 1 19.

our duty to pray for them. Though our. kindnefs may be loft upon
them, and our prayers flighted by- them, they (hall not return
without a blefling to ourfelves. Andy if we are made the re
proach ofthe meaneft, we but fill. up what is behind of the fuffer^
ings of Chrift.— But fhort-lived is the triumphing, fearful . and
lafting the mifery, of thofe, who. are enemies to Chrift and his
people; while ravi.fhing and lafting are the profperity and joys of
the godly in the kind delight and favour of their Godi All our
comforts come from his hand,, through the righteoufnefs of his
Son; and therefore! he ought to be praifed on their account.

Exhortations and directions

PSALMS.

to patience.

cSoif againft me, and u let not the hand of the
u pf. i7. 8-14. & wicked remove me.
*pn 7.15,15. &9. x 2 x There are the workers of iniquity
z\.tcUsscltl fallen : they are caft down, and fhall not
6-9.&59-IJ--& 1 11 <r
.64.7,8, 2-rher. 1. be able to rife.

S, 9-

9iprov.33.17. S124.
1,19. & 3.L3I. Pf.
53.3. Jer. 12. I.
ver. 7. Job 5. 2.

PSALM XXXVII.
This pfalm is wholly of the inftructive kind. As the
Moflaic fyftem, and the covenant between God and
Ifrael, as his peculiar people, promifed remarkable
temporal felicity to fuch as ivere obedient to the law,
and denounced temporal miferies againft thofe that
'were impious and profane ; the Pfalmift here cautions
againft fumbling at particular providences, which
:might appear contrary to the tenor of that covenant.
Here are ( i ) Flain and exprefs warnings againfl
fretfulnefs at the profperity of the wicked in their
•¦wickednefs; I, 7, 8 ; with the arguments and rea
fons enforcing the fame; viz. that the character of
the wicked is ignominious, while that of the righteous
is honourable; 12, 14, 21, 26, 30 — 32. That the
wicked, in the very height of their profperity, are
near to deftruction, while the righteous, even in their
adverfity, have fpecial proteclion from God, and Jhall
never be ruined; 2, 9, 10, 13, 15, 17, 20, 28, 33 —
40. And that God hath fpecial bleffings in ftore for,
and even in this life manifeft s diftinguijhed kindnefs to,
the righteous and their feed; 11, 16, 18, 19, 22 —
25, 28, 29, 37. (2) Proper and effectual remedies,
to prevent finful fretting at the profperity of the
wicked, or the troubles of the godly : viz. hoping in
God as our Saviour i delighting in God as our% Com
panion, Friend, and Portion ; following him as our
Guide ; departing from evil, and doing good; wait
ing on the Lord, and keeping his way ; 3 — 6,
27, 34- A pfalm of David.
FRET anot thyfelf becaufe of evil
doers, neither be thou envious againft
the workers of iniquity :
2 b For they fhall foon be cut down
like the grafs, and wither as the green

Ilef-re ChriQ
cir. 1015.

f Heb. Roll thy -way
upon the L./KD.

and he fhall give thee the defires. of thine
heart. 5 + e Commit thy way unto the Lord ;
truft alfb in him ; and he fhall bring it to <vff:ftl\f^.
r 4. 6. iPet. 5.7.
pais. pr. ss- "¦
6 And fhe fliall bring forth thy righ- { ^ff&ifl].
teoufnefs as the light, and thy judgment Job "• '*•
as the noon-day.

tsrtcb. Be filent to the
LORD. Pf. 40. 1.
tiently for him : fret not thyfelf becaufe &*fllic-s™

7 g Reft in the Lord, and. wait pa-

pr.
er. 12.

of him who profpereth in his way, be
caufe of the man h who bringeth wicked h Itf-ilTfe
devices to pafs.
8 ! Ceafe from anger, and forfake '^sfit^ff,;
wrath : fret not thyfelf in any wife to do jon.*™'.'9'1'
evil. 9 k For evil doers fhall be cut off: but k{f.™J?-$5f.
thofe that wait upon the Lord they fhall Vj.^M^lf.
. ... , I- J Rev. 5. 10.
inherit the earth.
10 l For yet a little while, and the1 #.£&?££
wicked fhall not be: yea, thou fhalt dili-

71-
& 64. 7. Sc 59. 1 3.
ver. 35, 56, 2.

ll Job 20. 5. Pf. 90. 5,
6. Si 129. 6, 7.
Jer. 17. 5. 6. Pf.
37. 35, 26.
x]tSz.%%vfiit herb.
2.. n. 1.10-19. 'Truft in the Lord, and do good ;
* Heb. ir. truth, or J 111 1 *
fiaUene.fS. j0 mait ^qtj dwell in the land, and ve-
dJbfc;gfJn4g rily thou fhalt be fed.
3. d Delight thyfelf alfo in the Lord ;

gently confider his place, and it fhall
not be.
11 m But the meek fhall inherit the mioaDa5n.57'.27e'pi"
earth ; and fhall delight themfelves in the *-fl-i-*™,i..
abundance of peace.
12 * The wicked * plotteth againft the " \f. "-I"* %%
juft, and gnafheth upon him_ with his mo. 2, 4. a& 7,
teeth. % Or pvatTifeth.
13 "The Lord fhall laugh at him; for ° «*"¦*• 4. p™.,. 2*.
he feeth that phis day is coming

. 58. u.
. 8. Hab.
3. 17,18. Mat. 7.7.

J Pet.

-p I Sam. 26. 10. Jer.
50. 27. Ezek. 21.
14 ' The wicked have drawn out the qpc,a2_n.&
fword, and have bent their bow, to caft Kr"!f;,t
down the poor and needy, and to flay «9.*>-
H fuch as be of upright converfation. iiHcb.*^,;,,./
1 c r Their fword fhall enter into their risam.jr.4,$.pr.
j 7. 15, 16. & 9. 15,
own heart, and tneir bows fliall be i6-m^1-^
broken. 16 s A little that a righteous man sP6T&4.VjTc&
hath is better than the riches of many l'"~Z1'
wicked.

Reflections upon Psalm XXXVI. — Living in open fins is
a certain mark of an unregenerate heart. And how deceitful above
•all things and defperately wicked are the hearts of men by nature !
What felf-flattery — what abominable thoughts and devices-— what
falfe and mifchievous words — what horrid deeds — proceed from
them! Night and day they perpetrate crimes. And none are
worfe than apoftate profeffors : their deliberate wickednefs fhews
the power of the devil uncontrolled within them. And they, who,
when awake on their beds, have their thoughts unoccupied in
God's words, will find the deviUt hand to fuggeft evil to them.
Vol.1.

But how high — how fixed — how unfearchable — are the excellen
cies of God 1 Unbounded is his mercy — unchangeable his vera
city — confpicuous his juftice — unfearchable his words — and awful
his works ! Benevolent and extenfive is his providential care. Pre
cious and engaging his love. And powerfully efficacious and de
lightful are the provifion, the comfort, the life, the light, the love,
the righteoufnefs, which he beftows upon his people. But inevi
table is the ruin, and intolerable the everlafting mifery, of their
enemies.

Sh

Miferyof the wicked-, happinefs of the godly. PSALMS. Ruin of 'the wicked; hleffednefs of 'the godly.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015..
t Pf. 10. 15. Job 3*.
15. Ezek. 3-1. 21—
20.
u If. 41. 10—16. Sc
43. 12. Sc 46. ', 4.
Pf. 1.6. &3 1.17.
£c 34. 15. Mit. 0.
XIf.'45.i7,&6o.2i. I Pet. 1.4. Dun. 2.
44. Heb. 9. 11, 15.
y Pf- 33- 19- J"b ;.
22. If. 33. 17. Hab.
3. 17, 18. Phil. 4-
19.
» Pf. 9. 16, 17. & 68.
I. 2,22. Deut. 32.
22, I Thef. 2. 9.
* Heb. the preciou nefs
ef lambs.

a Deut. 28. 12, 44.
Pf, 112. 5,9. with
Prov. 22. 7.

b Ver. 9, 11, 18.
Prov. 3. 33. Deut.
48. J5— 1,8.

ti Sam. 1.9. PC 121.
3,7, 8. & 11. 7. &
I. 6. I Thef. 4. I,
Heb. 13. 16.

4 Prov. 24. 16. Mic.
7. 8. 2 Cor. 4. 9.
Ff.94. 18. & 145.
14. If. 41.10. & 46.
4. Sc 49*. 15, 16.
tHeb. ij. 5. Job 15.
23. Pf; 59. 15. Sc
109. 10.
f Mat. 5. 7. Pf. 34.
14. Sc 111.2,5,9.
& 127. 5.
•f Heb. a// tie day.
I Pf. 34. 14. If. 1. 16
— 19. Tit. 2. 11 —
14. Lev. 26. 4 —
13. Deut. 28. I— <
14. & 30. 16, 20.
fc Pf. II. 7. Jer. 32.
40, 41. Heb. 13. 5.
I Pel. I. 5. llV 59-
21.
IPf. 21. io.If.14.20.
k Deut. 30. 16, 20.
If. 1. 19. Piov. 2.
' 21. 2 Pet. 3. 13.
ver. 11.
1 Mat. 12. 35. Prav.
10. 31. Col. 4. 6.
Eph. 4. 29. Col, 3.
IS. Pf. 49. 3. &
119. 46. ver. 31.
m Pf. 40.8. Sc 119.
98. Prov. 4. 4. fc
22. 22. If. 51. 7.1
Deut. 6. 6. Heb. 8.
JO. Pf. 1. 2. & 119.
14— 16,72, 97,&s.
»Ver. 23. Pf. 40.2.
Sc 119. 9. Sc 121.
3, 7. 8- Sc 94. 18.
J Or goingl.

17 'For the arms of the wicked fhall
be broken : but the Lord upholdeth the
righteous. 1 8 u The Lord knoweth the days of
the upright : and their inheritance fhall
be x for ever.
1 9 They fhall not be afhamed in the
evil time : and y in the days of famine
they fhall be fatisfied.
20 z But the wicked fhall perifh,
and the enemies of the Lord fhall be
as * the fat of lambs : they fhall con
fume ; into fmoke fhall they confume
away. 21 a The wicked borroweth, and pay-
eth not again : but the righteous fheweth
mercy, and giveth.
22 b For fuch as be bleffed of him fhall
inherit the earth ; and they that iVcurfed
of him fhall be cut off.
23 c The fteps of a good man are or
dered by the Lord : and he delighteth in
his way.
24 d Though he fall, he fhall not be
utterly caft down ; for the Lord uphold
eth him with his hand.
25 I have been young, and now am
old ; yet e have I not feen the righteous
forfaken, nor his feed begging bread.
26 He is f ever + merciful, and lendeth ;
and his feed is bleffed.
27 g Depart from evil, and do good ;
and dwell for evermore.
28 h For the Lord loveth judgment,
and forfaketh not his faints ; they are
preferved for ever : ' but the feed of the
wicked fhall be cut off.
29 k The righteous fhall inherit the
land, and dwell therein for ever.
30 'The mouth ofthe righteous fpeak
eth wifdom, and his tongue talketh of
judgment. 31™ The law of his God is in his heart ;
n none of his + fteps fhall Aide.

Reflections upon Psalm XXXVII. — Even eminent faints
are apt to fret at the profperity of the wicked — and yet how little
reafon is there for it! Be the apparent happinefs of the wicked
what it will in this world, it is mingled with the poifoning curfe
of God : it gives no fulid fatisfadtion while it lafts, and it is
quickly at an end. And never is their ruin nearer than when it
fpreads and flourifhes like a green bay tree. It ripens them for

3—11. Job 21.4—
16. & 12. 6.
1! Or a green tree that
grczueth in hii cunt

Exod. 15.9,10,19.
I Sam. xxxi.
2 Sam, v. viii. x.
xviii. xx. Judg.
iii. iv. vii. xi.
I Kin. xx. 2 Kin.
xviii. xix. Job
xviii. xx. xxviii
Afts 12. 22, 23.
u If. 3. 10. & 57. 2.
& 51. 11. Phil. 1.
23. I Thef. 4. 17.
Rev. 7. 17. Sc 14.
¦3-

32 The wicked ° watcheth the righ- d£l££
teous, and feeketh to flay him. '„&.„ 8-,o jer"
22 p The Lord will not leave him in *£££££
is hand, nor condemn him when he is 3°'31-
judged. 31.W17.R0m.
34 1 Wait on the Lord, and keep his fi-pr^ver.*.
way, and he fhall exalt thee to inherit the ^¦i0'29'31-
land: ' when the wicked are cut off thou '&£: &&'!:!,;
flialt fee it.
25 I have feen 'the wicked s in great sE,etS:Jffl.t
power, and fpreading himfelf like H a green
bay tree.
36 ' Yet he paffed away, and, lo, he f
was not : yea, I fought him, but he could
not be found.
2J u Mark the perfect man, and behold
the upright; for the end of that man is
peace. 38 x But the tranfgreflbrs fhall be de
ftroyed together: the end of the wicked "^y^&ST
fhall be cut off. «¦"»¦ "
29 y But the falvation of the righteous y JfohS&i
is of the Lord :
time of trouble
40 z And the Lord fhall help them, '%}&2:££&
and deliver them : he fhall deliver them £*&£*& £
from the wicked, and fave them, becaufe
they truft in him.
PSALM XXXVIII.
This pfalm appears to have. been penned by David un
der fome remarkable diftrefs, attended with a deep
fenfe of fin as the procuring caufe of it. Here are
( 1 ) His forrowful complaints of God's fore difplea
fure; and of the weight of his own fins; i — 5: of
the ficknefs of his body, and diftrefs of his mind;
6 — 10: of the unkindnefs of his friends*; 11: and
of the unprovoked injuries he received from his ene
mies, who were fpiteful, cruel, fubtle, unjuft, un
grateful, impious, devilijh, numerous, and powerful;
12—20. (2) His remarkable patience! and refig
nation under his troubles ; 13 — 15. (3) His fer
vent fupplications to God for the mitigation of them ;
I : and for comfort and fupport under, and fpeedy
deliverance from, them; 6, 21, 22: attended with
candid and ingenuous acknowledgments of the finful
caufes thereof; 3 — 5, 1 8.

he is their ftrength in the

everlafting wrath, and fattens them as oxen for the flaughter of
endlefs wo. But godlinefs hath great gain, having the promifes of
this life and of that which is to come. If, rooted and grounded in
Chrift, we truft and delight in the Lord, and wait on him, in the
faith of his promifes and obedience to his laws, extenfive and glo
rious fliall be our inheritance, pleafure, fupport, honour, fafety,
plenty, proteclion, peace, happy death, and everlafting falvation.

j)avid bewails his troubles and fins,

PSALM3.

and fupplicates fpeedy deliverance.

A pfalm of David, a to bring to remem
brance.
Lord, b rebuke me not in thy wrath ;
neither chaften me in thy hot dif-

Beforo Chrifl
cir. 1021.
or 1058.
* Pf. JC. title.
bPf.6. 1.Jer. 10.24,
&30.U.It.i7-»-
& 54. S. Heb. 12.
irHab-T-31' pleafure.
cjob6.4.pf-6j2,3. 2 For c thine arrows ftick faft in me,
&%s',Vs'16' and thy hand preffeth me fore.
« if. 1. 5, 6. pf.6. 2. 3 'There is d no foundnefs in my flefh
• Heb.^or becaufe of thine anger; neither is there
any * reft in my bones becaufe of my

fin.

« Ezra 9. 6. Pf. ,
12. & 69. I, 2

7. 20, 21.

f Pf. 73. 14- If- J- Si
6. Mark 7.21,22,

4 e For mine iniquities are gone over
T,*Aw^4?job mine head : as an heavy burden they are
too heavy for me.
5 f My wounds ftink and are corrupt
becaufe of my foolifhnefs.
s 25am. 24- 1*, pf- 6 g I am troubled; I am bowed down
69. 1, 2. & 42. 7, . ni 1 '
\ffft 43'2-j0 greatly ; 1 go mourning all the day
long.
\ Ver. 3,5. Job 30.
18. Sc 40. 4. & 42.
6. Luke i6.w. if. f"ome difeafe: and there is no foundnefs in

7 For h my loins are filled with a loath-
me dife
my flefli.
8 ' I am feeble and fore broken : -k I
kpr.22.i.&77-i- have roared by reafon of the difquietnefs
9.&88.I— IK-Jb ~r 1
S.24.& 30.28. 11. of my heart.
59* u* J .
nr.26.8,9.Rom.s. 9 Lord, ' all my defire is before thee;
pflS'sX3' ' and my groaning is not hid from thee.
«ipf.42.i_&7^^- 10 m My_ heart panteth, my ftrength
£*«9.3.&»4J- faileth me : as for the light of mine eyes.

i Pi". 62. 4. & 51. 8.
17. If. 38. 13: '4-

tHeb.ismtwithme. it alfo + is gone from me.
»pf.3i.n.& 88.18.
Job 19. 13—19.
Luke 10. 31, 32,
Sc 23. 49.

1 1 n My lovers and my friends ftand
aloof from my + fore ; and my " kinfmen
tsleb.fl,ote. £Lan<J afar Qffp
V Or neighbours. „ rp, jfo ^ ^ ^^ i^
« Pf. 64. 5. Sc 119. • _-/ . . 1 r 1 -
ITi-ftWitt lgy fnares /or me: and they that feek my
?Mov?4&.£J' hurt fpeak mifchievous things, and ima
gine deceits all the day long.

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.
or 105S.

p 2 Sam. 16. ic — 11..
?r. 30. 2.9. if. 53.
7. ll-ct. Z. 23.

13 pBut I, as a deaf man, heard not ;
and I was as a dumb man that openeth
not his mouth.
14 Thus I was as a man that heareth
not, and in whofe mouth are no re
proofs. 15 1 For *in thee, O Lord, do I*%,p,*dj%
hope: thou wilt "I" hear, O Lord my js«. 6*7.'&i~kZ
VTOd. *Or thee do Itoait for.
16 r For I faid, Hear me, left otherwife tor «»>,,.-
they fliould rejoice over me: when my r^&JO,4I3-,-&is';
foot flippeth they magnify themfelves li,z%~1'
againft me.
17 For T am ready * to halt, and my sVfft*-.f% 6?;[--
forrow is continually before me. ,£-&0?3-2,&,ra-
18 For ' I will declare mine iniquity; * Heb. /»• *„&*£.
I will be forry for my fin. ^U'pZf:
10 uBut mine enemies » are lively, and ^U't^iSii.
' •/ 7 7. 10, H.
they are ftrong: and they that hate me n jer. n.i.pr. 59.3.
wrongfully are multiplied. &43V2. 3l*
20 * They alfo that render evil for good ' S^****
are mine adverfaries, becaufe I follow the ^pr. 35.12. as 109.
.... . 4, 5- J=r- 20. 10.
the thing that good is.
21 y Forfake me not, O Lord: O
God, be not far from me.
22 z Make hafte * to help me, O Lord *pr. 22.19. &40.
r , I- 17.&70. 1. Sc 11
my falvation. "j**41- '• &
* Heb. for my helf,
PSALM XXXIX.
Here we have (1) Violent ftruggling in the Pfalmift' s
own breaft between grace and corruption — between
paffion and patience; 1 — 3,11. (2) Serious views
of human frailty, Jhortncfs of life, and felf- emptinefs;
4 — 6. (3) Strong cries to God for pardon of fin,
prefervation from reproach, and for removal of trou
ble, for hearing and anjwering prayer, and for
lengthening out of life till he Jhould be more ready
for death; 7 — 13.

John 10. 31. & 15,
19- I John 3. 12.
I Pet. 3. 13, 16.
J yPf.22. 1, 11, 19.&
44- 23—26. & 27,
9— IZ.

Reflections upon Psalm XXXVIII. — How tremendous is
even God's fatherly wrath ! But how much more his incenfed ven
geance againft the ungodly ! Sin makes fearful work even in faints.
But much more terrible is its effects in the damned ! Yea, where
Teal grace is fin will be more-painful and bitter than all the arrows,
ftrokes, and wounds, of trouble. And, however painful the
wounds and groans of the foul are, they are fymptoms of life. It
is hopeful when outward diftempers make men to fearch out and
bewail their finful caufes. But nothing is a more fatal fign than
infenfibility. No human ftrength can withftand God's afflicting
hand. No finews of brafs nor bones of iron, can refift the ftrokes
Of fierce difeafe. And often our wordly friends, who flutter round
us in our profperity, treacheroufly forfake us in our adverfity. But
what a comfort it is that we have a compaffionate God to truft
to, who knows, and can cure, our maladies! How mai}y, how

malicious and active, are the enemies of Chrift and his faints'!
Their enmity at God himfelf, and his image, is the caufe of their
quarrel. So fixed is their hatred at godlinefs, that they abhor it,
though benefited by it. It is hard, but wife, to imitate Jefus
Chrift in calm compofure under kvtre provocation; — in filently
fuffering, and in overlooking manifold unkindneffes done to us.
But to take notice of malicious and clamorous enemies is ordinarily
to make evil worfe. Hope in God will fu&ciently fupport us
againft every oppreiTion and injury. They, who contentedly leave,
their caufe with him, fhall never be difappointed, nor want an ad
vocate to plead for them; and, the more fenfe we have of our of
fences againft him, the greater will be our penitential grief, and
our patience under the provocations of men. Our covenant rela
tion to him, as our Friend, Saviour, and God, improved by the
prayer of faith, will quickly bring him to pur relief."
5^2

Before Chrift
cir. 102 1,
or 1058.
a 1 Chr. 25. 1. & 16.
41. Pf. 77. title.
b Jam. ;. 2— S, & 1.
19, z6. Pf. 141. 3.
Amos 5. 13.
* Heb. a bridle or
muscxde for my
mouth.
c Pf. 38. 13, 14. Jer.
zo. 9.

PSALMS * Jedu

dPf. 32. 3, 4. Job. 32
19. Jer. 20. 9, 14,
Job 3. I. Sets. II
& 7.- 15, 16. Jon
4.8.

Man's vanity confidered,
To the chief mufician, even to
thun, A pfalm of David.
I SAID, bI will take heed to my. ways,
that I fin not with my tongue : I will
keep * my mouth with a bridle while the
wicked is before me.
2 c I was dumb with filence ; I held my
peace, even from good ; and my forrow
tHeb.i™4w. " was t ftirred.
3 d My heart was hot within me ; while
I was mufing the fire burned : then fpake
I with my tongue,
4 Lord, c make me to know mine end,
and. the meafure of my days, what it is;
that I may know + how frail I am.
5 Behold, £ thou haft made my days
%t™'c£'slz.n. as an hand-breadth; and mine age is as
8:103.15. Eccl. 8. , . ... 1 „ -1
J3.j*m4. M. nothing- before thee : g verily every man
aPet. 3. S. O J J
gpr.62.9fc 144. 4. "at his beft ftate is altogether vanity.
If. 40.17. Job 14. 2. Q I 1
% Heb. fettled. OClan.
* Heb. an image. 6 Surely every man walketh in h a vain
ltif\%?' fhew : furely they are difquieted in vain :
i)%%:%:ztsc%ihe heapeth no riches, and knoweth not
-i!.r£iikei'2?'i6 who fhall gather them.
And now, Lord, what wait I for.'

lamented, and improved.

give ear unto my cry ; hold not thy peace
at mv tears : 6 for I am a ftraneer with

my tears :
thee, and a fojourner, as all my fathers

e Deut. 32. 29. Pf.
03. 12. & 1 19. 84.
& S9. 47, 48.*
It Or what time lhave
here.
f Job 7. 1, 6, 7, 9. &
9. 25, 26. Sc 14. z,

k Pf. 119. 81, 114,
166. & 130. 5, 7.
JPr.25. 11. &65. 3.
Sc 32. t, 2. & 130.
K. Tit. 2.14. ijohn
3.8.
si Pf 57- 3-& 89-
50. fc 119,
z. 19.
fe Lev. 10. 3. 1 Sam
3. 18. 2Sarii. 16.
jo. Job 40. 4, 5.
Ban. 4. 35.

k my hope is in thee. *
8 x Deliver me from all my tranfgref-
fions : m make me not the reproach of the
j"1 foolifh. 9 K I was dumb ; I opened not my
mouth ; becaufe thou didft //.
> ; 1 o "Remove thy ftroke away from me :
by

pr. 25. 10—18.
1 Heb. cenfiet.

I am confumed by the * blow of thine

jif.i7.i3.&5i.2o. hand.
& 66. 15.

fHsb. that which it lo
be dijired in him to
melt away.

1 1 When p thou with rebukes doft cor
rect man for iniquity, thou makeft + his
'¦'ifl'so.^&Vi'.l: beauty to i confume away like a moth :
Hor. 5. 12. furely every man is vanity. Selah.
7 Pf. A. I. & C, T %. " ^
(cjfiis,z.'sc\f. j 2 r IJear my prayer, O Lord, and

J. & 56. 8.

were.

1 2 O l fpare me, that I may recover t
ftrength before I go hence and be no
more. PSALM XL.
Here we have (i) David's hearty acknowledgments
of God's kindnefs in bringing him out of long and
fore afflictions; I — 5. (2) His preferring of holy
obedience to God, and faithful publication of his
truths and praifes, to all ceremonial oblations; 6 — 11.
(3)' His improvement of his former deliverance, . as
an encouragement to fupplicate further mercy and
protection ; an encouragement to confefs fin;, and im
plore the pardon of it; an encouragement to rejoice in
and praife God for his excellencies, and favours ; to
a truft in him under affliclion, and to comfort himfelf in
him amidft poverty, finfulnefs, and trouble; 12 — 17.
But let us here chiefly behold ( 1 ) Jefus Chrift, the
great Shepherd of the Jheep, brought again from his
agonies and death, and fet down at the right hand of
the Majefty on high, that he might- receive gifts for
men, and that our faith and hope might be in God.;
I — 5. (2) The new covenant made betiveen him
and his eternal Father for the redemption of finful
men ; and his complete fulfilment of the divine law as
the condition of it; 6 — 10. (3) How our iniqui
ties were charged to his account, and punijhed on
him as our furety; 11 — 13. (4), How the unre
lenting vengeance of almighty God overtook his
Jewijh betrayers and murderers ; and hath or will-
overtake his heathenijh, antichriftian, or other im
placable enemies ; and what joy and confolation flow
from and through him to his chofen friends ; 14- — 17..
To the chief mufician, Apfalm of David.
* a T WAITED patiently for the Lord ;
JL and b he inclined unto me, and
heard my cry..
2 He brought me up alfo out of + c an
horrible pit, out of the miry<:lay, and
d fet my feet upon a rock, and eftablifhed
my goings..

Before Chrift
cir. 1 021.
or 1058.
Lev. 25. 23. iChr^
29. 15. Pf. ug. ig.
Heb. 11. ij. 1 Pet.
2. 11. & 1. 17.
Gen. 47. 9.
Job 10. 20,21. & 14..
6. Gen. 5. 24. &
37. 3a & 4s. 3S.

Reflections upon Psalm XXXIX. — -Great watchfulnefs
and cfrcumfpeiStion are neeeftary to our walking aright in this
wicked and enfnaring world. For carelefs hearts will make crooked
¦ways ; and, next to the heart, nothing is harder- to guide than the
tongue : but, the ftronger the temptation is, the ftronger ought
to be our refolution againft it. We are very apt to run from one
extreme to another. If we reftrain our lips from evil, we are
ready to negledt that fpeech which is with- grace feafoned with
fait. And when our mind, long in filence,. ruminates upon for
rows, and .he inflrumental - caufes of them, it galls its fores, and
aggravates its difcontent. But there is great need to confider
what death is, and how near it is ; and that it is continually work
ing- in us : for vain and tranfient are men, with all x their joys and

* Heb. in waiting I
waited.
aPf. 27. 13.&37. 7.
If. 50. 7—9.
bPf. 18. 6. &130.2.
&20. 4, 5. Heb. 5.
7. If. 49. 8.
f Heb. a pit of noife.
c Pf. i8. 16, 171. &
69. l, 2. If. 43. I,.
2. 2 Sam. 4. 9 Pf..
71. 23.
d Pf. 61.2. & 12.19-
& 26. 12. 2Thef.
3-5-

honours, their griefs and fears, their toils and cares. And, the
more we fee death and vanity ftamped upon all, things here, the
more we ought to be weaned from them in our affections, and the
more folicitous fhould we be in fecuring the ever-living, the fub^-,
ftantial, and eternal, good. The more our lying refuges are'
fwept away, the more reafon we have to truft in and call on God,
who never difappoints any. With holy, refignation to his ftrokes,
we muft earneftly beg the forgivenefs of the caufe, and the removal
ofthe rod. We cannot impeach the-- equity of his judgments, nor
withftand their force. But, if they fet us a weeping and praying,
and render us weaned from this world,. God, our friend and com
panion, will quickly give us relief. And by his grace he will
ripen us for heaven before he give the.mortal ftroke..
4

Jefus1 deliverance, engagements, and work. PSALMS.

'The ruin of his enemies predicted.

Before Chrift
cir. 1020.

3 And he hath c put a new fong in my
ePf.22.22,25.& mouth, even praife unto our God : f many
il'ioj. i-s"' ,J' fhall fee it, and fear, and fhall truft in
T&4'?s-7&141, the Lord.
gpf.2. 12. j=r. i7. 4 s Bleffed is that man that maketh the
hpr.15.4-fc 146. 3. Lord his truft, and h refpedteth not the
s.iet.'z.\i.]ln.' proud, nor fuch as turn afide to lies.
i job 5. 9. & 9. 10. 5 * Many, O Lord my God, are thy
aVi'^ivfi's!' wonderful works which thou haft done,
*'9' and thy thoughts which are to us- ward :
± Or none can order + .1 a. 1 1 1 " 1
* themunuti.ee. * they cannot be reckoned up 111 order
unto thee : if I would declare and fpeak
of them, they are more than can be num-
k isam. it. 22. pf. oered.
lifHrfl&'i.* 6 k Sacrifice and offering thou didft not
Mat. 12. 7. Heb. -. i-
io.5. if. So. 4, 6. den re
Web. digged, or
frepared, Exod.

M. 6.

m Luke 24. vj. John
5. 39. Adts 10. 43.
iCor. 15. 3,4.
a Cor. 1. zo.

jo. 18,
14. 31.
C Heb. in the midft ef

mine ears haft thou ' opened :
burnt-offering and fin-offering haft thou
not required.
7 Then faid I, Lo, I come : m in the
volume of the book it is written of me,
"92. roV'6^47' 8 n I delight to do thy will, O my God :
^isTjffc yea, thy law is ° within my heart.
9 p I have preached righteoufnefs in
Z^ti-'M the great congregation : lo, I have not re-
pKsVa&jT frained my lips, O Lord, thou knoweft.
M^iifis-Mai: 10 I have not hid 1 thy righteoufnefs
?o. 19,20. John ,8. w.th.n m^ j^^^ j have decla].ed thy
n^&V£-*66' l faithfulnefs and thy 5 falvation : I have
TACIS13.23. Luke not concealed thy * loving- kindnefs and
yis!'44' "- thy truth from the great congregation.
eY9aVio",Ll*e n "Withhold not thou thy tender
tJ£\lltg.70: mercies from me, O Lord ; let thy lov-
j.pf.6a.J3,i6.& ino--kindnefs and thy truth continually
89. I,*2,28. &23- iO J •>
tscil'.j.1'"' preferve me.
xpr.io,i2.&38,4. 12 x For innumerable evils have com-
ii.5iPerAc^:&' paffed me about : mine iniquities have
3. 18. Pf. xxii. r /-IT
wx. John xviii. taken hold upon me, fo that 1 am not

Before Chrifl
cir. 1020.

Reflections upon Psalm XL.— Alas ! what fearful and laft
ing troubles of body and mind Jefus and his people have allotted
them on earth! What patience is neceffary under them ! But God
is their deliverer. And greatly exalting, eftablifhing, joyous, and
encouraging, is their deliverance at laft. Happy are thofe, who,
renounefng all other confidences, truft in God .alone. Great is
the number, the marvellous grace, of his thoughts and aas to
wards jefus Chrift and his children in the work of redemption.
But how infignificant were Jewifh facrifices in refpecSt of holy
obedience: and infinitely more fo in comparifon of Jefus the Son
of God and his complete hoiinefs of nature, obedience of life, and
fatisfaftory fufferings ! With great cheerfulnefs he engaged for us
in the counfel and covenant of peace. And with a fteady purpofe
- of love he fulfilled his work, in executing every favmg office for
our good. Dreadful was the load of our iniquities imputed to
him. But he finiflied tranfgreflion and made an end of fin, and

able to look up ; they are more than the
hairs of mine head ; therefore my heart
* faileth me. •Heb./.r/ite*.
13 "Be pleafed, O Lord, to deliver ^SS&fS
me : O Lord, make hafte to help me. "mm?** 3&-5'
14 z Let them be afhamed and con- zpf.,i.,7.&35.4,
founded together that feek after my foul 119- ^V.3'
to deftroy it : * let them be driven back- »i<^^-k.4i-s.
ward and put to fhame that wifh me
evil. 15 bLet them be defolate for a reward 69'% "sft^
of their fhame that fay unto me, Aha,
aha! 16 c Let all thofe that feek thee rejoice '^r^6-*^;.
and be glad in thee : let fuch as love thy PIu1>*4-*j-j-
d falvation fay continually, The Lord be

, 24. Mat. 27.
31;.— 44.

magnified.

cl Luke z. sc. If. 45.
17. Mat. 1. 11.
Hab. 3. 18. Luke
1. 46, 47.

1 7 But e I am poor and needy ; yet the **k§.%fzl&r%
Lord thinketh upon me : thou f art my %Mit^zfi: J"
help and my deliverer; make no tarrying, ^iTso fgileL*
O my God. s'7'
PSALM XLI.
This pfalm reprefents ( I ) The bleffednefs of him who
wifely confiders the cafe of the poor, and. affords
them relief; I — 3. (2) David's candid acinoiu-
ledgments of the juft nefs of his affliction, and earneft
fupplications for a merciful deliverance ; 4. (3) His
fad complaints of the malicious, cenforious, and fipite-
ful, reflections, and of the infolent carriage, of his
enemies ; 5 — 9- (4) His htarty committing of his
cafe and way to God in the affured and triumphant
faith of his favour ; 1 Q — 1 3 .
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of
David.

LES SED is he that confidereth
* the poor ; the Lord will deliver
him "I" in time of trouble.
2 b The Lord will preferve him, and

a Prov. 14. 21. Sc 15,
17. Heb. 13. 16.'
* Or the weak, or
fich.
f Heb. in the day of
evil.
b Pf. 16. 1. Sc 91. j
—11. If. 38.il.
zCor. I. 10.

publifhes to men the declarations and offers of gofpel grace. Let
us then embrace every promife, as ratified by his blood : and, in
the faith of his being made fin for us that we might be made the
righteoufnefs of God in him, let us cheerfully and gratefully devote
ourfelves, by the moft folemn ties, to his fervice. In his name
let us fight the good fight of faith, and finifh our courfe. Behold
how the prayers of faints, but chiefly the interceffion of Jefus
Chrift, iffues in the ruin of his enemies, and the profperity and
deliverance of his friends ! It is infinitely dangerous to mock or
defpife them. But no grief-, no poverty, can render them mifer
able who fear him. There is a throne of grace to which they
have the boldeft accefs. Their God, and all that he hath or doth,
is the ground of their joy. His inexhauftible fulnefs, adapted to
their wants, the prayer of faith can unlock. The promifes are
fure ; and the moment of fulfilment haftens forward.

David's prayers under reproach and trouble. P S A L M S.
keep him alive ; and c he fhall be bleffed

His longings for God and his ordinances.

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.

c Pf. 118. 1—6.
J Tim. 4. 8. Mat.
6. 33. & 5.5.
t Or do net thou.
deliv.

upon the earth : and thou wilt not deliver
him '+ unto the will of his enemies.
2 The Lord dwill

ftrengthen him

d Dent 3i-f 25. if. uponthe bed of languifhing : thou wilt
ll make all his bed in his ficknefs.
4 I faid, e Lord, be merciful unto
me: heal my foul; for I have finned

itiPf. 10.2.&31. 13.
& 56. 5, 6. Sc 64.
5, 0. Mat. 22. 15,
Sc 26. 3, 4. John

2 Cor. 4. 17, If. 4$.
I, 2. & 63- 9-
II Heb turn.
e Pf. 6. 2—4. & 40.
11, 12. &69. 13,
ioi.3.5I,'~3'& againft thee.
fpf.22.c-8&£9. -r f Mine enemies fpeak evil of me,
7,12,19,20. sc 109. j r ^
2-5-&.J.8. When' fhall he die, and his name perifh t
g Prov. 26. 24-26^ ,£ ^nd, s if he come to fee me, he
-Sli'ets.t fpeaketh vanity : his heart gathereth ini
quity to itfelf; when he goeth abroad
he telleth it.
7 h All that hate me whifper together
againft me : againft me do they devife
SI. 53- *° , . ° J
* Heb. evil tome. ™J hurt.
t Heb. a thing of 8 + An evil difeafe, fay they, cleaveth
ja&'im. pf.71. faft unto him '• ' anc^ now tnat ne neth ne
n;*.'job3t.3ij: fhall rife up no more.
k ™hV.3pr! «.J.J. 9 k Yea, + mine own familiar friend, in
whom I trufted, which did eat of my
bread, hath U lifted up his heel againft
me. 10 But thou, lO Lord, be merciful
unto me, and raife me up, that I may
requite them.
1 1 m By this I know that thou fa-
109.0-14. cii. 2. voureft me? becaufe mine enemy doth
not triumph over me.
"Vi^Xsi: 12 And, as forme, "thou upholdeft
p,9.6.io.ir.5o. me in min£ mtegrity? and ° fetteft me
a7fi'ct'%1t before thy face for ever.
„ f^' it „ * 1 3 P Bleffed be the Lord God of Ifrael
* $J%h:'°\4sc fr°m everlafting and to everlafting. Amen,
ZX*;l?}£ and amen.
J Pet. 4. 11. Jirte PSALM XLII?
.Perhaps ihis pfalm was compofed by David when the
unnatural rebellion of Abfalom had forced him from
¦the fanctuary of God lo take up his locking eafl
ward of Jordan; [2 Sam. xv — xix.] We have in
it ( 1 ) Ardent longings after nearnefs to and familiar
intimacy with God in his public ordinances and

% Heb. the man of my
. fiaci.
|| Heb. magnifed.

lPf.4. I.&56. 1. ft
57. 1. Sc ic6. 4. Sc
•ZI. 7 — 12. Prov. 1.
*4— 33-

,mPr.88.i7. &13.4,
Sc 69. 22 — 29. Sc

fanctuary; I, 2. (2) Mournful lamentations and
bitter groanings jm account of God's withdrawing
his comfortable fim les, ofthe want ofthe once-enjoyed
ordinances of God and fellowjhip Aioith his faints, of
the troublefome impreffions of God's wrath,-and of his
enemies' infolent upbraiding of him ; and on account
of the departure and diftance of his God; 3, 4, 6,
7, 9, 10. (3) Believing remembrance of God's for
mer favours ; 6 : and felf- encouraging hopes of fu
ture ones ; 5, 8, II.
To the chief mufician, " Mafchil, for
the fons of Korah.

Before Chrift
«ir. 1 02 1.

A Or-A pfalm giving
inftruclion of the font
of Korah. I Chr.
6. 33, 37. & 25. j.

c 1 Thef. 1. 9. Pf. 36.
9. Jer. 2. 13. John
5. 26.
dPf.8o.5.&io2.9. ver. 10. Pf. 79. 10.
Sc 115. 2. & 22. S.

night, while they continually fay gy,*71'''

eLam. 3. 19,20. Job
30. 16.

S the hart * panteth after the water •»<*•*«»**.
brooks, fo b panteth my foul after b ^y-^-f^
thee, O God. {"stiffs:. Xi.
2 My foul thirfteth for God, for the
c living God: when fliall I come and
appear before God?
2 d My tears have been my meat day
and unto me, Where is thy God ?
4 e When I remember thefe things I
pour out my foul in me ; for I had gone
with the multitude, I went with them n-f^avtl1-l
to the houfe of God, f with the voice of *%• '*&>¦*' "'
joy and praife, with a multitude that kept s\^:l0t!,1:
J J r > >¦ job 35. 14- «;•*>.
ho v-dav. is. & 50.10. Rom.
uui_y uay . 4.18— 20.Heb.re.
5 s VVhy art thou + caft down, O my *<n-***-i-*.
foul? and why art thou difquieted in t Heb, ima cum.
me ? hope thou in God ; for I fhall yet t^i*-'*-*-
+ praife him ^for the help of his coun- *%^m
tenance. hS^j7&«.
6 hOmyGod, my foul is caft down 26. 3s84' 2' Mat"
within me : i therefore will I remember iP3i66.'z" lim'
thee from k the land of Jordan, and of the k«.sim.i7.z»,*4.
-J y Deut. 3. 8,9. &*.
Hermonites, from the hill Mizar. «-«¦
7 l Deep calleth unto deep at the noife ' JSjor;.E,^i|
of thy water fpouts : all thy waves and L^&t^i5'
thy billows are gone over me. mLev.25.21.Deut.
^ C> , 28. 8. Pf. 44. 4. &
8 Tet the Lord m will command his 1331 mm.s.s.
loving-kindnefs in the day time, and nin a1.hd\ffflsf^
the night his fong jhall be with me, and ltfii%s *.

n Pf. 10. 1. & 13. 1
—4. &22. 1,2. &

my prayer unto the God of my life
9 I will fay unto God my rock, ° Why «-£|^|r,
haft thou forgotten me? why go I mourn- %tli'H'

38.6.

Reflections upon Psalm XLI. — Whilft here alfo we behold
Jefus Chrift through poverty, affliction, malicious and treacherous
enemies, entering into his glory, to the endlefs honour of his
Father, and the joy of his heart, let us obferve that kindnefs to
God's poor and afflicted is as much our intereft as our duty, and
God's hleffing is the only comfort of every eftate. It can give
reft in trouble, and make even grief to fmile. And pleafaiit under

trouble are penitent confeffions and fervent requefts,- founded on
the promife and mercy of God. Sin fills men's hearts and tongues
with enmity againft Chrift and his people; yet vile are their ef
forts, and as vain their hopes. But happy trials are thofe which
excite our prayers, animate our faith, increafe our dependance on
God, and tune our hearts to his praife; and which make Jeho
vah's love to our fouls-more evident and precious.

David encourages himfelf in God,
of the oppreffion

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.

ing becaufe
enemy?

p&r,.32.p&"?-i,: xo?As with a * fword in my bones,
jo!1i,7'Mic'7' mine enemies reproach me; while they
* Or lilting .

q See ver, c. pf, 43,
5-

fay daily unto me, Where is thy God ?
1 1 q Why art thou caft down, O my
foul ? and why art thou difquieted within
me ? hope thou in God ; for I fhall yet
praife him, who is the health of my coun
tenance and my God.
PSALM XLIII.
This pfalm was probably compofed on the fame occafion
as the former ; and contains ( I ) David's ftrong
cries to his God far help againft, and deliverance
from, his ungodly, unjuft, and crafty, oppreffors ; i,
2. (2) His earneft longings for reftoration to the
enjoyment of his God in his public ordinances ; 3$ 4.
(3) His inward difquiets compofed by believing
claims of his God and firm dependance on his pro
mifes; 5.

PSALMS. and fupplicates deliverance andfe/lowfhip.
of the truth : let them lead me ; let them bring B(c-°r[%cfz.a
me unto thy fholy hill and to thy taber- fpr.a.6.&78.«;
nacles. 4 s Then will I go unto the altar of s f^/jr^, &
God, unto God h my exceeding joy:
1 yea, upon the harp will I praife thee, O
God my God.
5 k Why art thou caft down, O my
foul ? and why art thou difquieted within
me ? hope in God ; for I fhall yet praife
him, who is the health of my counte
nance and my God.

YUDGE me, O God, and plead my

aW. 7.8. & 35. 1. a
Pf. 28. 1. 1 Pet. 4.
„'9' .,, *P caufe againft an* ungodly nation : O
* Or unmerciful. . O O # J
¦bHeb from amanef deliver me from the deceitful and unjuft
deceit and iniquity.
z Sam. xviii. xxiv. man.
2Sam. 15. 31. ft , 1 /--« 1 <- n
16.23. 2 For thou <zr/c the God of my ftrength ;
* 4%0sc'll.z.&14o:i why doft thou caft me off? why go I
* see pr. 42. 9. mourning becaufe of the oppreffion of the
'Pf;ii9L4°,5o.^ enemy? e light and

. enemy:
2 Sam. 7. 15. Mjc. j
'M- 2 ° fend out

thy

thy

h Heb. the
myjoy. If, 6i.jio',
Hab. 3. 17, 18. If.
12. 1—6.
i Exod. 15. 1 — 19,
Judg. v. I Sam. 2.
1 — 10. If. xii. xxv.
xxvi. Luke i. Rev.
xiv. xv. xix. PH
xviii. cxviii. &c.
Rev. 5. 8. Sc 14. 2.
k See Pf. 42. 5, 11.

PSALM XLIV.
This pfalm was perhaps compofed on the fame occafion as
the lxth, and may have a prophetic view to the after
diftreffies of the Jews in the time of Rehoboam,
[2 Chron. xii.] ; of Jehoram, [2 Chron. xxi. J ; of
Ahaz, f 2 Chron. xxviii.]; of Hezekiah, [2 Kings
xviii. xix.]; and during the Chaldean captivity,
Syro-grecian oppreffion, Sec. ; and all thefe as typical
of the diftreffies of the gofpel church under heathens
and antichriftians. It relates chiefly to the church ;
and contains ( I ) Thankful acknowledgments of what
the Lord had done far her informer periods ; as her
God, her king, her joy, her praife; I — 8. (2) Sor
rowful complaints of divine defertion ; and of the pre- -
valent power, cruelty, and derifive contempt, of ene
mies; 9 — 16. (3) Solemn proteftations of continued
integrity, and conftant adherence to the Lord' s way,
amidft thefe manifold calamities; 17 — 22. (4) Fer- -
vent fupplications to God for his merciful appearance
for, and granting of, her relief; 23 — 26.

Reflections upon Psalm XLII. — Nothing but God him
felf can fatisfy believing fouls. If the fenfe of his love be with
drawn, every enjoyment is taftelefs. No cifterns of earthly com
forts can quench their thirft, their earneft defire, for the Living
Fountain. Conftrained abfence from the public means of fel
lowfhip with God is a heavy and tormenting burden to a faithful
foul, and quickens his longings after them. No wonder then
that he groans earneftly to be clothed upon with his houfe which
is from heaven. O what terrible afflictions and forrows are in
the lot of God's favourite faints! When outward diftrefs lies
heavy, inward temptations are often violent. And the joys which
we have tailed in God make the withdrawment of his prefence
and comforts the more grievous. But we often caufe our own
dejedtions under trouble, by poring on our corruptions or diftrefs,
and forgetting the promifes, grace, and faithfulnefs, of our Re
deemer. We had need therefore to call our fouls to account for
their conduct. And, if we cannot get relief by pleading with our
burdened fpirits, we fhould commit our cafe to our gracious
God. And, the more furious and manifold the ftorms of trouble
, are, the more earneft ought to be our believing applications to,
and dependance on, God. Let providence caft us where it will,
our God and our prayers fhould ftill attend us. Our faith may be
enfeebled and fore fhaken, but it will never fail. Remembrance
of what God is to us, and hath done for us, fliould fupprefs our
unbelieving fears. If he command his loving kindnefs, neither

earth nor hell can hinder us from the benefit of it. In our darkeft
nights of trouble, defertion, and temptation, we have always
much mercy to thank God for. Whatever repeated encourage
ment our feeble minds may need, if God be our God, our life,
and the health of our countenance, neither earth, nor death, nor
hell, is able to hurt us.
Reflections upon Psalm XLIII. — When men wrong us,
and God deferts us, our only refuge is ftill in God himfelf. He
may frown, but he cannot ceafe to love his people, however hard
they find it to believe fo amidft deep convictions and raging lufts.
It may be for a time difficult to reconcile God's providences with
his promifes, but, with a little patience, the myftery will be un
veiled. Such as love Chrift's appearance fhall have their caufe
judged far fooner than their enemies wifh, and far better than
themfelves conceive. Next to God himfelf, the faints love no
thing more dearly than the ordinances of his grace. But none can
approach ordinances aright unlefs God both lead and draw their
hearts; and it is for his fake the faints delight to be there. Men
never attend ordinances aright but when they have fellowfhip with
Chrift, as their altar, their atonement, their food, their God, their
joy. Intimate fellowfhip with God cannot but tune our hearts
and tongues to his praife. And, the more we deal with God by
faith, we fhall fee the more fin and evil in inward defpondency.

Ifrael 's calamities lamented.

PSALMS.

Earnefl cries' to God for deliverance'.

Before Chrift
cir. I036.
, or 1055.
aPf. 78 3.6. Joel 1.
3. Exod. 12. 26,
27- Sc 13. 8, 14,15.
Beut. 6. 7. II, 33.
19.

b Exod. 15. 17. Pf.
78. 55. Sc 80. 8.
Jofh. vi — xxi.
Neh. 9. 22--2J.
Pf.ic5.44.& 135.

31.&3 7.7,8,

. Deut.
=4.37,38,

To the chief mufician for the fons of .
Korah, Mafchil.
E a have heard with our ears, O
God, our fathers have told us,
what work thou didft in their days, in the
times of old.
2 b How thou didft drive out the hea
then with thy hand, and plantedft them ;
Ji7j!;?iF8~ how thou didft afflicf the people, and caft
them out.
c^6'jo'fh72&,!; 3 c For they got not the land in pof-
H%ol:z"z7± feffion by their own fword, neither did
their own arm fave them : but thy right
hand, and thine arm, and the light of
thy countenance, becaufe thou hadft a
favour unto them.
4 d Thou art my King, O God ; com
mand deliverances for Jacob.
5 e Through thee will we pufh down
our enemies ; through thy name will we
14—16. Deut. 33. , . - t ' r n
17, 27. Mai. 4. 3. tread them under that rile up againft us.
Rom. 16. 20. t T O
6 f For I will not truft in my bow,
neither fliall my fword fave me.
7 But g thou haft faved us from our
enemies, and haft put them to fhame that
hated us.
8 h In God we boaft all the day long,
and praife thy name for ever. Selah.
a j But thou haft caft off, and put us,
to fhame ; and goeft not forth with our
armies. 1 o k Thou makeft us to turn back from
the enemy: and they which hate us fpoil
for themfelves.
1 1 ' Thou haft given us * like fheep
appointed for meat ; and haft fcattered us
among the heathen.
1 2 m Thou felleft thy people + for
nought, and doft not increafe thy wealth
i Heb. without rhhes. by their pHCe.

i Pf. 74. 12. & IO.
16. 6:29.10. & 89.
18. Sc 149. 2.
e Pf. 18. 32—45. Sc
Jl8. 5 — 14. fci44.
T, 2. Rom. 8. 31.
Phil. 4. 13. If. 41.
-16. Deut. 33.

IPf. 33. 16. & 20. 7.
Hof. 14. 3. & I. 7.

gjofh.vi — xii Judg.
iii — xi. xv. xvi.
j Sam. vii. xiv.
xvii. 2 Sam. iii.
v. viii. x. &c.

hPf. 3. 3.&20.7. &
34. 2. & 71. 5.
sCor. I. 31. Jer.
9. 23. Pf. 115. J.
a Pf. 60. 1, 10. Sc 74.
1. & 80. 38-45.
Lev. z6- 15, 16.
jf. 59. z.

klSam.xxxi. 2 Kin
x — xvii. xxiv.
xxv.

Rom. 8. 36. Zech,
n-4,7-
ts Heb. as fheep of
meat.

mDeut. 32.30, Jndg.
z. 14. Cc 3.8. & 4.
2. Jer. 15. 13. If.
S"- 3i 4-

Reflections upon Psalm XLIV.— Memorials of paft mer
cies ought to be carefully recorded, and tranfmitted from age to
age, as an encouragement in time of need as well as a ground of
thankfulnefs. It is never outward force, but Jefus Chrift's word
and Spirit, that build up the church, and triumph over the powers
of darknefs. If we want help in trouble, we muft renounce all
other confidences, and take God alone to be our kind deliverer
and boaft ; fo fhall our troubles and griefs be quickly turned into
everlafting praife. — It is common, but finful, for them whom God
cafts down to think themfelves utterly caft off, and to fhrink under
reproach and fufFering, as if they were not eur appointed crofs.

j 2 n Thou makeft us a reproach to our
neighbours, a fcorn and a derifion to them
that are round about us.
1 4 ° Thou makeft us a by-word among
the heathen, a fhaking of the head among
the people.
1 5 p My confufion is continually before
me, and the fhame of my face hath covered
me, 1 6 For the voice of him that reproach-
eth and blafphemeth ; q by reafon of the
enemy and avenger.
1 7 All this is come upon. us ; yet have
we not ' forgotten thee, neither have we
dealt falfely in thy covenant.
1 8 s Our heart is not turned back, nei
ther have our * fteps declined from thy
way; 1 9 Though l thou haft fore broken us
in u the place of dragons, and covered us
with xthe fhadow of deafh.
20 y If we have l forgotten the name
of our God, or ftretched out our hands
to a ftrange god ;
21 a Shall not God fearch this out ?
for he knoweth the fecrets of the
heart. 22 b Yea, for thy fake are we killed all
the day long; we are counted as fheep for
the flaughter.
23 c Awake; why ileepeft thou, O
Lord? arife, caft us not off for ever.
24 d Wherefore hideft thou thy face,
and forgetteft our affliction and our op
preffion ?
25 e For our foul is bowed down to
the duft ; our belly cleaveth unto the
earth. 26 f Arife " for our help, and redeem
us for thy mercies' fake.

Before Chrift
Cir. 1036.
or 1055.
n Pf. 79. 4. & 8. 6.
Deut, 28. 37. -
0 Jer. 24. 9. Pf. 21. J.
fc 109, 25.

pjofii. 7.7—9. 2 Kill.
18- 37- & 19. 2-t4,
14—20.

q Job 16. 4. Pf. 8. 2.

r Judg. z. 11—20,
Pf- 78. 37, 56, 57.

5 2 Tim. 1. 12. Num.
14.24, iKin. 15,5.
t Or g ohtgi.

tPf.6o. 1— 3. 1 Sam.
xxxi.
u If. 34. 13. & 35. 7.
xPf. 23.4. Job 3. 5.
ver. 25.
jr Job xxxi. Pf. 7.
3—5-
z Judg. 2. II— 1;,
Jer. 2. 13. 32. Job
31. 26. with Exod.
9. 29. I Kin. 8. 22.
Job 11. 13. Pf, 68.
31-
a Jer. 17.10. Heb, 4,
13. Rev. 2, 23.

b Rom. 8. 36. Phil.
2. 17, 30. Afls ai.
13. fc 20. 24.
1 C01-. 15.31.&4.
13. 2 Cor. 4. ic—
¦2.
c Pf 7. 6. Sc 35. 2|.
fc 59- 4, 5- & 7«-
65. If. 51. 9.
d Pf. 10. 1. & 13. 1—
4.&74-I.lf.49vM-

ePf. 119. ze.ScdS,
1 1, 12. & 22. 16.
If. 51. ses. Ezek.
37. 11.

fPf.7.6,7,9.&7*. 65, 66. Sc 40. 17.
|| Heb. tt help for us.

For it is not now, but hereafter, that God will make us to know
and admire the myftery of his providence. It is efpecially diftreff-
ing to the faithful, when they falfely apprehend that God gets no
glory by the afflictions of his people; nay, inftead thereof, is
difhonoured and reproached. — All God's people, though not
called to be proper martyrs, havetheir particular fufferings'!allotted
to them for his fake. But it is dangerous to comply with fins in
order to fhun troubles. Highly provoking to God are treachery,
apoftafy, and idolatry ; and fearfully he will fearch out and puniftl
them. But great is the mercy that nothing can break his covenar.j.
of grace with his people ; and that not fins of mere infirmity, bufc

Jefus11 excellencies and dignity celebrated, PSALMS.

His faints' glory and happinefs.

Before Chrift
cir. 1055.
or 1036.

•aPf. 60. 69,80.
titles.
* Or of in/h-uelian.
bjCor. 5.14. 1 John
4, 19. Song i — viii.
f Heb. Utah or
huhbteth up.
C Pf. 49. 2.
d Pf. 2. 6. & 24. 7—

# Song 5. 10, 16.
John 1. 14. & 3.
34. Heb. 7. 26.
flf. 50 4. Luke 4,
^a2. John 7. 26, 46.
2 Pf. 21. 6. & 72. 17
— 19. Afls 3. 26.
Eoli. 1.3-
IiEph. S. 17. Heb. 4.
12. Rev. 1. 16. Sc
19. 15, 21.
i If. 9. 6. Pf. 24. 7—

J Heb. /i-ojjar <iwr,
ride thcu.
fc If. 63. 1 — 4. Rev.
6.2. 1 The!. I. 5.
&2. 13. 2Thef. 3.

Ji., 29.

h.o. 1
1. Sc i

. 19.

Kf.63.3.&59.iS— 19. Rev. 11. 17.
ai Pf. 22. 27— 3J-. &
21. 8—12. & 68.
22— 31. Sc no. 1
—7. Prov. I. 22—-
.33- Afts 2. 37.
Luke 19. 17, 42—
44-
* Heb. 1. 8. Pf. 93.
J, 2. Prov. 16. 12.
Pf. 72. 1—14. Sc
CX. CXlv. If. 9. 6,7.
fc 32. 1,2. Jer. 23.
5, 6. Rev. 3. 21.

PSALM XLV.
In this Song of Loves are celebrated (1) The glo
ries of jefus Chrift our Redeemer; — particularly
the tranfeendent comelinefs and bleffcdnefs of his per
fon as God-man— his almighty power in conquering
his people and deftroying his enemies — the eternity,
firmnefis, and equity, of his government — his royal
unction with the Holy Ghoft above meafure — his
fitnefs for his work, and the fplendour of his court ;
1 — 9- (2) The glories of the redeemed— their liften-
ing to Jefus' propofals of marriage union with him
felf- — their renunciation of all others for his fake —
their reverential fubmiffion to and worfhip of him;
IO, 11 : — their glorious ornaments of righteoufnefs
and grace ; and their glorious entrance into the new
covenant and the eternal ftate ; 12 — 1 5 -.-—their
glorious fucceffion and work for perpetuating the
fame of the Redeemer ; 16, 17.
To the chief mufician upon a Shofhan-
nim, for the fons of Korah, *Mafchil,
A fong of b loves.
MY heart + is inditing c a good matter :
I fpeak of the things which I have
made touching d the king : my tongue is
the pen of a ready writer.
2 e Thou art fairer than the children
of men : f grace is poured into thy lips :
therefore God hath & blefied thee for
ever. 2 Gird thy h fword upon thy thigh, O
1 moft mighty, with thy glory and thy
majefty. 4 And in thy majefty + kride profper-
oufly becaufe of truth and meeknefs and
righteoufnefs ; and ' thy right hand fhall
teach thee terrible things.
5 m Thine arrows are fharp in the heart
ofthe king's enemies ; whereby the people
fall under thee.
6 n Thy throne, O God, is for ever and
ever: the fceptre of thy kingdom is a right
fceptre.

Before Chrift
cir. 0000.

7 ° Thou loveft righteoufnefs, and
hateft wickednefs : therefore God, p thy oHeb.7.26.Mit.3.
God, hath q anointed thee with the oil of ^¦r^;59£f;k<!
gladnefs above thy fellows. h-.s-^m.,'*..
O r a 11 1 r tr r 1 p PI. 89. 26. John
o r All thy garments J me it of myrrh, *=. 17- Eph. i. }.
and aloes, and caffia, out of the s ivory q s-nl'Aaf^l:
palaces, whereby ' they have made thee ^f^sf.'tsl'. 7—11.
s Ver. i;. John 14. 2.
. Afls 3.21. Eph. 4.
were among thy ». »•
. ° . , •> t Heb. 12. 2. If. 53..
thy right "- £ z=ph- 3-
j t> 17. pi. 16. 11.
in gOld of*Ves.tx.V[zz.zt,.
iO Sc 72. 10. If. 49. p.
23. &60. 10, 11.
. Rev. ai. 24. Song
10 y Hearken, O daughter, and con- &«'• >• sX &9S.
and incline thine ear; z forget "R^.m.*, 9. &
. ' O 19. 7, 8.
alfo thine own people, and thy father's i"f-is-<-7- d™*-
, r ST F ' J 32.29. Rev. 22.17.
houfe; Rom. 10. ,7.

glad

angs

daughters

9 *K
honourable women ;
hand did ftand x the
Ophir

fider,

upon
queen

1 1 a So, fhall the king greatly defire thy
beauty: for he is thy b Lord ; and worfhip
thou him.
12 c And the daughter of Tyre fhall be
there with a gift ; even the d rich
the people fhall entreat thy favour.
13 The 'king's daughters f all

among

glo-

3 _ „„b
rious within ; E her clothing is of wrought
gold. 14 She h fhall be brought unto the king
in raiment of needle work : the ' virgins
her companions that follow her fhall be f *'*;*
brought unto thee.
1 5. k With gladnefs and rejoicing fhall
they be brought ; they fliall enter into
the king's palace.
16 'Inftead of thy fathers fhall be
thy children, whom thou mayeft make
princes in all the earth.
17 m I will make thy name to be re
membered in all generations : therefore
fhall the people praife thee for ever and
ever.

z Gen, 2. 24. Deut" '
21.13. Mat. I0- 37*
Luke 14.26. Mat"
5. 29, 30. Tit. 2.
II, 12.
a Song 1. 8, 15. Sc z.
14. Sc 4. 1 — 14. Sc
6. 4—13. Scj. 1 —
9-
b Ver. 6. PI. 2. 11.
John 5. 22, 23.
& 20. 28. Phil. 2..
10,11. Tit. 2. 13.
c Pf. 72. 10. & 87. 4^
If. 23. 18. Mark 3..
8. Sc 7. 24-37.
Acls 21. 3, 4.
d Pf. 22. 29. & 71.'
10, is.fc68. 20.
If. 49. 7, 23. & 60.
3,10, 11. fc 52.15.
Phil. 3. 8.
e Ver. 10. Song7. 1.'
2 Cor. 6.18. 11. 53.
11. 1 Pet. 1. 3.23.

30. 2 Cor.
5. 17. Gal. 6. 15.
lPet. 3.3,4. Rom-
Luke 19. 24.

2-29.
g Rev. 19. 8. 2 Cor.
c. 21. Tit. 2. 12.
Phil. 2.JS Mat. J.
16. Pf- SO- J-3-
h John 6. 37- & 1%
26.&l4-3.Rev-J>'.
isonei. 3, 2C0r.11.
z. Re«. 14- J—4-
vor. 9. Hob. 6. 12.
k Rom. 5.2. lPet.
I. 8. 11. 35- 10. Si
51. 11.
1 If. 54- J—5- & «>
5, 6. Rom. II. Il»
vc. 1 Pet. 2.9.
Rev. l.b.Sc 5. IJ.
&20.6.If-43-S>6.
m Pf- 7»- '7— '?• &
145. i—8- Mal.i.

indulged provocations, are held as a violation of their covenant of
duties. And, if he appear afleep amidft our troubles, it is to
-humble Us under his mighty hand, to awaken our importunate
prayers, and that he may the more magnify his mercy and power
in our deliverance.
Reflections upon Psalm XLV. — Difcoveries of Jefus' glory
powerfully animate our hearts and tune our tongues to commend
lim. How glorious is his perfon as God-man! Rich in grace
are the qualities of his heart and words of his mouth. In him it
pleafed the *Father that all fulnefs of bleffings for men ihould dwell.
In almighty power, by his word and influences of his Spirit, he
conquered multitudes in the apoftolic age to the obedience of faith ;
Vol. I.

and by the ftrokes of his vengeance did and fhall deftroy his Jewifh
or other implacable oppofers. Having by himfelf purged'our fins,
he, as our righteous Sovereign, fat down at the right hand of
God, as the reward of his righteous fervice ; and is, in the moft
tranfeendent manner, filled with the Holy Ghoft to fhed on ms
abundantly. In a moft glorious and heart-engaging manner, his
manhood, mediatorial offices, and righteoufnefs, appear in the
heavens above, and in his church and ordinances below. And
his people, adorned with gifts and graces, are raifed up together,
and made to fit together with him. His chofen ones, both Jews
and Gentiles, in the day of his power, are made to hear his voice
in the gofpel, to renounce all others, and devote themfelves entirely
to him and his fervice, as the objects of his gracious and cverlaft-
5 M

God a refuge in trouble.

P & A L.M S.

¦Chr'ifT s -kindnefs and high dignity.-

Before Chrift ,
cir. 1048.
or 1038.

PSA L, M XLVI.

*Or»f.a 1 Chr. ij. £0.
bVer.e,7,n.PI. 3.
l.M 18. 1— 18. &
gl. 1— 16. Deut.
4. 7. Pf. 145. 1%.
. Gen. 19. 15, 28. fc
'22. 14.
ePf. 23. 4. 1 Pet. 3.
14. Phil. 1. 28. If.
41. 10, 14. Sc 43.
1)2.5.
t Heb. the tieart of,
the feas.
dPf-93i3i4- Jor- S-
22. Mat. 7. 25. If.
57. 20. Pf. 18. 4.
if. 17. 12,13. fc 5-
59,30.

eVer. j. If. 33. 21.
& 12. 3. Jer. z. 13.
PI. 36. 9,ic. Ccii.
z. Rey. 22. 1.
f 2 Chr. 6. 6. Rev.
21. t, 3.

gEiek.48. 35. Rey.
21. 11, z%. Mat.
16. 18.

Il Heb. when the
morning appeareth.
Exod. 14. 24, 27.
a Chr. 20. 20. Pf.
-J43,8. &3C'S-
Luke 18. 8.
i Pf, 2. 1—5. If. 17.
12 — 14. Jofh. x.
xi. 2Chr.xiv.xx..
xxxii. Rev. 6. 12.
— 17. & 11. 18.
kftChr. 13. 12. ver.
J, II. Rom. 8. 31.
% Heb. an high place
fortes. .
lPf. iii.s. &66.S.
& 107. 34. If. 24.
1. Sc 34. 2.

In this pfalm, probably compofed for celebrating fome
remarkable viclory, ,w.e have ( I ) -Bold triumphs of
faith in God himfelf,, and the mercies of the new
covenantfamidft the moft alarming danger and dif
trefs which can be fuppofeft; I — s-6» (2) A thank
ful rehearfal of the great things which God had
wrought for the deliverance of his people and deftruc
tion of their enemies; 6 — 9. (3) God's heart- com-
pofmg promife of promoting his own glory in every
event, and faith's expectation, of protection and deli
verance therefrom; 10,11.
To the chief mufician * for the fons of
Korah, . A fong upoaa Alamoth.
GOD w b ork refuge and ftrength ; . a
very prefent help in trouble.
2 Therefore * will, not we fear, though
the earth be removed, and though the.
mountains be carried into ''"the midft of
the fea ;
3 'Though d the waters thereof roar and
be troubled, though the mountains fhake
with the fwelling thereof. Selah.
4 There hf a river, the ftreams whereof
fhall make glad the fcity of God; -the
holy place cof the, tabernacles -of the Moft
High. 5 s God is \n, the midft of her j fhe
fliall not be moved : God fhall help her,
h and that aright early .
6 ' The heathen .raged,, the kingdoms
were moved : he uttered his voice, .the
earth melted; .
7 The Lord of hofts is. k"with us ; the
God of Jacob -is + our: refuge. ., Selah. .
8 1 Come, behold the works, of the
Lord, what defolations he hath made in
the earth,

39. 3, 9. Mic. 5. 9,
10. II. 11. g. &2J.
4. S- & 60. 16. Sc
9- 5. 7-
n Zech. 2. 13. Pf. 58.
.' «-&57.5i".H'.
5- 16. & 3;. 10.,
Ezek. 38. 23. Rey,
'5- 3> 4-
0 Ver. 1, 7,

9 m He maketh .wars -to ceafe unto the ^rTi^sv
end of the earth;- he breaketh the bow,.. °'*°tf-
and cutteth . the fpear. in hinder ; he ra^^y:
burnetii the chariot in the fire.
10 D Be ftill, and know that Vam Gdd::
I. will be: exalted among the heathen, I
will be exalted in the earth.
n° The Lord of hofts is with us ; the
God of Jacob .is- our refuge. , Selah. .
PSA L" M~ XLVII..
This pfalm was probably compofed on the fame occafion^
as the xxivth. , Here is ( 1 ) A revenue of praife de- -
manded for God from all peoplec Jews and Gentiles ; ;
1, 6; (2)' A memorial of the grounds of praife, viz. ',
the majefty of Gad's nature ; 2..- The great things .
he had done, or .would do, for his people, in fubduing
their foes and providing portions for themfelves; and'l
in afetnding to heaven to receive gifts and prepare
places for men; 3^5 : as alfo the high fovereignty .1
and univerfal extent of his government; 2,, 7 — 9. r.
cir.i054*/v
To the chief mufician, A pfalm * for .the *orv..
fons of Korah. .

" CLAP your hands, all ye people ;
fhout unto God ,wit-h-;,the..yoice--.of
triumph. .
2 For the Lord- moft high ish terrible;
he is a .great King over all the earth.
2 c He fhall fubdue the people, under
us, ...and the nations under our feet. ,
4/ He fhall choofe our inheritance for
us,, the excellency of. Jacob whom he.
loved. . Selah. ,
5 c God is gone. up with a fhout, the-
Lord with the found of a trumpet. ..
6 Sing praifes to God, fing praifes :
fing praifes unto our King, fing praifes. .
7 For God is- the King- of .all the

a Pf. 96. n— 13. &
08.4—9.11.55.12.
Rev. 18. 20. fc 19.
., J—3-

b Deut. 28. 58. Pf.
, 65.5. & 66. 3, 5.
Sc 68. 35. & 145.
6. &76. 12. vey.7.. ,
Mat. 1, 14.. Mat.
28. 18. Phil. 2.9—

c2Sam. v. viii. x- <
I Kin. 4. 21. Pf.
18.47. Sc 22.27—'
29. li. 49. 23. Dan.
7.27.
dPf.6o.f3— 8.&108.
7—9. Jer. 3. 19. ,
I Pet. I. 4. 1 Cor. .,
3. xz, 23. Phil..4a,
19. Eph- 3.-, it, I?.. ,
e2Sam.f6.15. 1 Chr.-.
15. 16—28^ & 16. ,
4—42, Pf. 68. 24»
,25. 18—20. Darr-.
7. 10— i4.,Lnkec
24.51— 53..G0-1. 1.
3,16.1 Cor. 14. 15.

ing delight., In ftiining robes of righteoufnefs, , grace, and holy
converfation, each in their, order are adorned ; and, after ferving
their generation by the will, of God, they, fhall be.broughl and
admitted into his heavenly palace with, exceeding., joy. Inftead of
Jewifh fathers fhall- there be -Gentile converts..; and inftead of
glorified faints fhall there be another generation, begotten by the
power of his grace, all made,, kings and priefts' unto God ! Thus,
by the fpread .'and influence of the gofpel, fhall Jefus' -renown and
honour be perpetuated. on earth, while thofe in heaven above, fhall
praife him for ever and ever...
Reflections upon Psalm XLVI,. — When -dangers- appear
greateft our faith in God's promife and perfections fliould be
ftrongeft. If we can triumph in God as our own. God, we may
triumph over every trouble,. and danger, The revolutions on

earth can Ii ttle afte£t them whofe. hearts are duly fixed on things
above. They need never fear, and they fliall never fail, who have ..
God for their refuge and their ftrength. Notwithftanding all her--
enemies, his church fhall in him obtain joy,, eftabliftiment, and ,'
deliverance. If, by bis word, his Spirit, and his blood, we enjoy -
communications of grace and comfort, we are amply repaid for all ;
the. ftorms that can be raifed by the world that lieth in wickednefs. ,
But in what a tremendous and awful manner he from age to age
revenges the injuries done to his church, the ruin of the. nations-
around. Canaan, and of the .Affyrians, Chaldeans, Perfians, Syro-.
grecians, Romans,. Antichriftiaris, Mahometans^ and others, have :
or fhall, manifeft. '.. And it.is highly proper to contemplate. hia in
finite perfections, difplayed in all his. conquefts of vengeance or t
grace; that in every age, in every cafe, we may. have faithitVi
him, as our..Prote<3or, ^Deliverer, and Strength.. .

'-Cod's wonderful appear dnce

PSALMS.

for the protection of Jerufalem.

1045? earth; fing ye praifes + with under-

Before Chrift
cir,

f Or every one that
hath under/landing.
f Pf.93. I. &99. I,
Sc 22. 27 — 29. &

ftafidi

H12\

8 f God reigneth over the heathen:
• "i-^ii.* God fitteth upon the throne of his ho-
3-& 8. 1. &4. 14. , - r. -1-
SPf..,0.2i:3.fc2!. linefS- +
jrii.'&??o!l 9 s + The princes of the people are
to,nZuntar,.f gathered together, even the people of the
I, St»S&* God of Abraham r for h the fhields of the
tk'ra'ham?0 earth belong unto God : he is greatly
HHof. 4. 18. 1 Cor. /»vo!|-(=>ri
11. 28. Eph. 4. n CAcUlCU.
—13.
PSALM XLVIII.
This pfalm was no doubt compofed to celebrate fome
remarkable v'rtory or deliverance in the days of
David, Jehojhaphat, [2 Chron. xx.] or Hezekiah,
[2 Kings xix.] We have here (1) Jerufalem, the
capital city of Ifrael, and type of the gofpel church
and heavenly ftate, celebrated for her beauty and her
relation to God, as the refidence of his temple and
ordinances; 1,2. (2) Jehovah, the God of Ifrael,
celebrated for his kind and powerful protection of Je
rufalem, and for making her enemies to flee with
much precipitation and terror; 3 — 7. (3) The
people of God, particularly in Jerufalem, meditating
upon, and celebrating, the gracious and mighty things
which God had or would do for them, and for his
difcoveries of himfelf to them, and promiflng them
felves fure and lafting happinefs in his relation to
„, ... .. them and direction of them; 8 — 14.
-»Pf. xxx. xlii.tittes. T
» Or of.
kjobn. \.vr. 145,
47^.&m

5.&I47V.3
9,&8.;.7.&86.6.

A fong and pfalm * for the fons of
Korah.

/^REAT his the Lord, and greatly

* Ver. 2. Pf. cxxii.
fc78.68.&76.2. _
6.6a„.8.9.&„. — t0 be praifed in the ccity of our
i'iT'st'tti.'is, God, in the mountain of his hoiinefs.
ft. ¥, 2 d Beautiful for fituation, the joy of
tiChr.3.Mf.i4. . ' J J
,J- the whole earth, is mount Zion, on the
j";5*35' Pr' 47* e fides of the north, the city -of the f great
J Ver. 4-8. Exod. V\y,„
34-24. 2 Chr. 12. -I»-lng-
». s\\Z"t~iz^ g s God is known in her palaces for a:
* 2 Chr. xii. xiv. xx. i-ofnn-o
xxxii. if. 10. 28— reruge.
^s-s'.&'so: 4 For, h lo, the kings were affembled ;
-Ti-}*!'*'*"™ tney paffed by together.

Reflections upon Psalm XLVII. — Behold, my foul, our
exalted Lord Jefus, terrible to his enemies in punifhing and de-
firoying them ; but kind to his chofen, in fubduing them through
out all the world to himfelf— in choofing for them, as his excellent
ones, their portion in the new covenant and in the heavenly ftate !
Behold how, amidft furrounding troops of hymning angels, he
afcended on high ; had all power in heaven and earth given him ;
and, by his gofpel word and gracious influence, he gathers the
nations to himfelf, that they may be bleffed together with faithful
Abraham ; and even makes the rulers of nations fubmit to his
yoke, or helpful to his caufe !
Reflections upon Psalm XLVIII.—- Great, and greatly to

Before Chrift
cir. ocoo.

5 They faw //, and fo they marvelled ;
they were troubled, and hafted away.
6 * Fear took hold upon them there, iE^:Mtt
and pain, as of a woman in travail.
7 k Thou breakeft the fhips of Tarfhifh ""V/7^:
with an eaft wind.
8 ' As we have heard, fo have we feen ' ™l#;1\> ffifi
in m the city of the Lord of hofts, in the m-ver.i,2,M«.j.
city of our God ; " God will eftablifh it npf'46.5 &87 s
forever. Selah. Sat.' & '2°:
9 ° We have thought of thy loving- ^is0^*,'^-
kindnefs, O God, in the midft of thy l"-^-'i
temple. 10 p According to thy name, O God, ' SV^/tVi
fo is thy praife unto the ends of the
earth: thy 1 right hand is full of righ- ^^'J;,^
teoufnefs. •».,«.*. 5.1.
1 1 Let mount Zion rejoice, let the
daughters of Judah be glad, r becaufe of r 2*1"' '& "' «¦
,.1 • j . Pf. 5?- 10. & 97.
thy judgments. 7, s. Rev. ,6. s-
•I J D t 7. & 15. 4. & jg0
12 s Walk about Zion, and go round g^19-*-7-
about her : x tell the towers thereof. s Neh. 12.31.
1 2 * Mark ye well her bulwarks, ^ con- tV}o£.%zll.l\:
fider her palaces ; that ye may tell it to "'
. L . ---.•' J *Heb.Seiyourheart
the generation following. "her bulwarks.
14 - For this God is our God for ever [ZtT?^ ,
and ever ; he will be our guide even unto ]¦£££¦&'$
death. js. &'*:.,* 7."
psalm Xlix.
This pfalm is a mirror, calculated to exhibit the emptii-
nefs of all worldly enjoyments. Obferve ( I ) David's
earneft attempt to awaken all ranks of mankind to a
ferious confideration of this matter, as a point of
great importance and univerfal concern ; 1 — 4.
(2) His irrefragable proofs of the vanity of earth fy
enjoyments ; viz. that they cannot fave from death
either a man's felf or his friends ; and. that they
cannot make men wife or happy in this world, and
far lefs render them happy in the future ftate ; 6—<-
14. (3) His attempt to comfort himfelf and other
faints under the fenfe of their daily imfirmities; and

be praifed, is our exalted Redeemer. Glorious is his gofpel church,
in which his prefence dwells. And in a marvellous manner hath
he, in inftances unnumbered, been known for her refuge. When
ravaging invaders and furious perfecutors have concurred in at
tempts to deftroy her, their plots and fury have often iffued in
their own ruin, and his people's triumph and praife of his kindnefs.
Quickly fhall her remaining enemies be deftroyed ; and no gates
of hell have, or ever fhall, prevail againft her. Her bulwarks,
palaces of ordinances, and officers, are built on Jefus the Rock
of ages, and are protected by his arm of omnipotence. Let us
then declare his wondrous works, and our relation to him, to po
fterity, as an honour to him, and an encouragement to them to
come and cleave to him, and triumph in his praife.
5M1

The vanity of earthly enjoyments

PSALMS.

Berore Chrift
cir. oooo.

*0r«

i Pf, 34. 11. &78.
1, 2. Jam. 1. 19.
Ii. 55. 3. Mat. 11.
15. Rev. 2. 7, See.

b Deut. 32. 9. Prov,
22. 17— 21.&4. 1,
a. & 8. 6— n. Job
33- 3,23. 2 Tim.
3. 15.

c Pf. 78. 2. Mat. 13.
35. Num. 23. 7.

d Phil. 1. 28. If. 41.
10. 14. Sc 43. 1, 2,
5. Prov. 24. 10.
Eph. 5. 16.
e Hof, 7. 2. Amos
3. 2.
f Job 31. 24. Pf. 52.
7. & 62. 10. Prov.
jo. 15. Mark 10.
24. ITim. 6. 17.
Rev. 18. 7. Luke
J2. 19. Mark 10.
14.
% Ver. 9, 10. Pf. 89.
48. Mat. 16. 26-
Prov. 11.4. & 10.
z. Eph. 5. a. Rev.
.5.9.
li Job 36. 18, 19.
Eccl. 8. 8. 1 Pet.
J. 18, 19. Mat. 20.
28.
i Heb. 9. 27. Job 30.
23. 2 Sam. 14. 14.
Pi. 89. 48.

ScE«cl.2. 16. Sc6.6.
Sc 9. 1, 2. Sc 12. 5,
7. Zech. 1. 5. Rom.
5. 12-14. Pf- 39-
fr. Luke 12, 19, 20.

1 1 Sam. 15. 12.
z Sam. 18. H.

f Heb. fo fenerttlim
etnd generation.

jn Ver. 20. Pf. 82. 7.
Eccl. 3. 18, 19.

of the chaftifements received on account of their fins ;
againft the fiavifl) fears of death ; and againft temp
tations, arifing from the profperity of the wicked;
5. 15— rt,
To the chief mufician, A pfalm *for the
fons of Korah.
EAR "this, all ye people; give ear,
all ye inhabitants of the world :
2 Both low and high, rich and poor,
together. 3 b My mouth fhall fpeak of wifdom ;
and the meditation of my heart fhall be
of underftanding.
4 c I will incline mine ear to a parable ;
I will open my dark faying upon the
harp. 5 d Wherefore fhould I fear in the days
of evil, when the e iniquity of my heels
fhall compafs me about ?
6 They that f truft in their wealth, and
boaft themfelves in the multitude of their
riches.; 7 s None of them can by any means
redeem his brother, nor give to God a
ranfom for him :
8 h (For the redemption of their foul
is precious, and it ceafeth for ever) :
9 J That he fhould ftill live for ever,
and not fee corruption.
. 10 For he feeth k that wife men die,
likewife the fool and the brutifh perfon
perifh, and leave their wealth to others.
1 1 l Their inward thought is,, that their
houfes Jhall continue for ever, and their
dwelling places + to all generations ; they
call their lands after their own names.
1 2 Neverthelefs, ra man being in honour
abideth not : he is like the beafts that
perifh.

deferibed and improved^
13 This their way// their folly; yet JM£
their pofterity + approve their fayings. % Heb. *•*&, „ '""
Oil * * ° their mouth.
belah. 14 "Like fheep they are laid in the "{£,"• fci*j*
grave ; death fhall feed on them ; and
0 the upright- fhall have dominion over 'Sy-.'SiSfl'
them inthe morning; and their p beauty tT£XZ>*.
fhall confume " in the^grave from their "¦Pf-»-"-
d, . . . ii Or the grave beltiz
Wellin0". • an habitation to ''
£> ' , _ tvery one of them.
15 But God 1 will redeem my foul , Hor. ,3. ,4. Rev.:
"' from the power of '''the grave; for he nlK^i. »!
fhall receive me. Selah. *"t^'*a,<;
16 ' Be not thou afraid when one is+0rW-
made rich, when the s glory of his houfe r fc^r'37'1'7'*
is increafed ; ,^'I,to,,b'
iy l For when he dieth he fhall. carry ujim. 6.7-1*,,
nothing away : his glory fhall not defcend Ek1-5->s? n'
after him.
_ 1 8 Though t while he lived u he bleffed t^l^L,
his foul : and men x will praife thee when ^ 19-
thou doft well to thyfelf. \ Xf^*j"-8*
19 I' He fhall go y to the generation ofjTheroui.
his fathers ; they fhall never fee light.
20 z Man that is in honour, and un-

y 1 Kin. 14. 31. &
016. 6. 2 Kin. 14.
Ti6,29. Job 21. 32, .
33- & 7-7—10. Si ;
derftandeth not, is like the beafts that ^IecI'I
perifh. *>'*'
PSALM L.
This pfalm may be confidered as a rebuke to the carnal
Jews, who refted in and boafted of their external
ceremonies in worfhip, to the neglect of the weightier
matters of the law, mercy, judgment, and faith : or
as a prediction of the coming of Chrift, to abolifh the ¦
ceremonial worfhip, eject the Jews from his church, ,
and eftablifh a more pure and fpiritual form of war-.
fhip under the gofpel : or, in fine, as a reprefentation :
of the lafl judgment ; in which Chrift jhall come to
render to every man according to his deeds. . Ob- -
ferve ( I ) The awful appearance of God our Re
deemer in the flefh — in power — or in the clouds—
with the gathering of the people to him ; I — 6.
(2) An engaging admonition to improve God's new
covenant grant of himfelf to be our God, as an excite--

Reflections upon Psalm XLIX. — Alas! how the hearts
of men cleave to earthly enjoyments^ The poor need as much to
be warned againft. envy and difcontentment, as the rich againft
pride and carnal confidence. And the truths of God ought to be
inculcated with the greateft ferioufnefs, both by word and by ex
ample. Never ought faints (no, not when they fuffer the charges
and chaftifements of their fins of converfatidn) to abandon them
felves to unbelieving fears and doubts of God's all-fufEciency
and love. — The day of death is a trying time with refpecl to true
happinefs. And then a fenfe of God's love, and a profpecT: of
eternal glory, are infinitely more precious than thoufands of gold
and filver. O the dreadful folly of moft men, who feek for, hold,
delight in, and depend on, things of this world, as if they were
8

their God, their all in all! and yet how unavailable to ranfom
the foul, perpetuate the life, or preferve from hell! To judge. of
things aright, we muft weigh time with eternity. It is neither
wealth nor poverty, but Jefus Chrift's righteoufnefs' and grace,
that can render us refpefted of God, or really. happy, in time or
eternity. It is redemption through his blood that gives hope in
death. It is not their own vaunts, or the world's admiration, but
the word of God, that adjufts men's real character. It is not
what we have here, but what we can carry into the other world,
that conftitutes the true riches. They are only wife who confi
der their latter end. Nay, in death, the ftate of the moft loath
fome animal is infinitely preferable to that of the unregenerate
finner* '

fhe-majefyofGod, emptinefs of ceremonies, P § A L M S,

andfhocking wickednefs of princes.

eir°.rjo4s.ft m.n\ to exchange legal ceremonies into pr ayer, thank f
¦ >m. giving, and holy obedience; orf at leaft, to give a
remarkable- preference to the latter ; 7 — 15, (3) An
awful charge of hypocrify, flander, contempt of God's
word, and of atheiftical imaginations concerning God,
laid againft the wicked, with a fearful fentence of
condemnation founded thereon ; 16 — 2,2. (4) An
alarming warning ta thofe who forget God, and an
encouraging promfe to fuch as ftudy to glorify, him by
an holy converfation ; 22, 23.

A pfalm *» of Afaph..
THE b mighty God, even the Lord,
hath fpoken, and called c the earth
*?.Kn3i6j.&49". fr°m tne rifing ofthe fun unto the going
down thereof,.
2 Out of Zion, d'the- perfection of

• Of for Afaph',
ojlChr. 15. 17. &
, 25. 2. 2 Chi. 29. 30,
frPf.145. 5- &82.
I, 6. If. 9. 6. Gen.
17. 1. & 18. 14.

I. 2. Mal. 1. 11..

*Pf.48.2.&78.68, 69. 2 Chr. 2. 5. 6-
Pf. 80. I.

beauty, God hath fhined.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

1 1 ° I know all the fowls-of the moun
tains : and the wild beafts of the field are 0 Mat, 6. 26. & k.
+ mine.

29.
f Heb. with me.

^.VMa2^.1!: 3,eOur God fhall come, and- fhall not
Drne7.io8Rev. keep filence : a fire fhall devour before
him, and it fhall be very tempeftuous
round about him.
f^"&432l6.'.&r3!: ' 4 £He fhall call to the heavens from
«. mic. 6. i, 2. above and;to the earth, that he s may
ir. 1 1. 3, 4. & 42. 1, . , , . ' j
faff/iYiS Judge hls people.
5 h Gather my faints together unto me ; '
thofe that have ' made a. covenant with

Sir.

5-10.
J) Gen. 49. to. IIT 56

8. 2 Thef. 2. 1.
Mat. 24. 31. Sc me by facrifice.-
6 And k the heavens, fliall declare his

j Fxod. 14. 3—8.
2 Sam. 2 j. 5. If.
jtpr.97-6.ver4. righteoufnefs; for God is judge himfelf.
Rev. 16. 5-7. r. 1 • 1 JO
Gen. is. 25. pr. belah-
iPf8i.,o_i2.ir.i. 7. ! Hear, O my people, and I will
^Exorfio. f!' fpeak ; O Ifrael, and I will teftify againft
Jer. 32. 38, 40. | ' J o
tech. ,3.9. thee: I am God, even thy God..
"peftffrti. 8 I m will not reprove thee for thy
' SI" ' * facrifices or thy burnt-offerings to have
been continually before me.
'git&y^ 9 I "will take no bullock out of thy
vXl'ft*' *[' houfe, nor he-goats out of thy folds.
10 For every beaft of the foreft is
mine, and the cattle upon, a thoufand
hills.

I. 5. Deut.
4. Job 41. 11,
Pf. 24. 1,2. 1 Cor.
io. 26. 28.

q Hof. 14. 2. Dent,
23. 21. Pf. 69. 30r
31. & 76. 11. Oi
116. 17. ver. 23.
Eccl. 5. 4, 5. Heb.

27. Pf. 91.
15. Sc 107. 6, 13,

s Ver. 23. Pf. 34.
I.Mat

John 15. 8. Mat. 5,
16. 1 Pet. z. 9. fc
4-

12 If I were hungry I would not tell
thee ; p for the world is. mine, and the pl !
fulnefs thereof.
13 Will I eat the flefh of bulls,, or
drink the blood of goats?
1 4 q' Offer unto God thankfgiving ; and
pay thy vows unto the Moft High :
15 x And call upon me in the day of r ^ ^'
trouble; I willdeliver thee, and thou fhalt & JL5.
s glorify me..
16 But unto the wicked God faith,
1 What haft thou to do to declare my . tir.i.n-ic.Mar.-
ftatutes,. or that thou fhouldeft take my \T\fffT'
covenant in thy mouth ?-
1 j Seeing u thou hateft inftru&ion, and ^TwAa's ¦}.'"
cafteft my words behind thee. J"'1" i- 10-
18 When thou faweft a thief, then thou
x confentedft with him, and y haft been
partaker with adulterers.
19 z Thou giveft thy mouth to evil,
and thy tongue frameth deceit.
20 Thou a fitteft and] fpeakeft againft
thy brother ; thou flandereft. thine own
mother's -fom-
2 1 Thefe things haft thou done, and I
b kept filence : thou c thoughteft that I
was altogether fuch an one as thyfelf: but
I d will reprove thee, and fet. them in order dPf.9o.g.ReV.«.
before thine eyes*
22 Now confider this, ye that

x Eph. 5. 11, IJ.
iTim. 5.22. Prov.
I. 10—18. & 5. J
— 13. Sc 7. ZV, 22.
y Ueb.thy portion was
with adulterers.
Mau 12. 39.
z Pf. 5. 91 & IO. 7.
Sc 12. 2, 3. fc 55.
12, zi.Scez. z— is?
Sc 64. 3—5.
a-Lev. 19. 16. Jam.
4. II. Jer. 9. 3, 4.
Pf. 36. 3, 4. Mat.
JO. 21.
b PIT S3. 1. Sc 1091 t.
If. 42. 14. & 57. n.
c Eccl. 11. 9. If. 26.
I. Rom. 2. 4, 5.

forget

ePf. 9.17. Sc 10.4.
Jer. 2. 32.I- '

. Hof. 4. 6.

God, left I f tear you in pieces,, and there ^fa?.'*:!^:
be none to deliver.
23 « Whofo offereth praife glorifieth ^i6?:3™-11™-
me ; and to him hthat ordereth
verfation arighfwilll fhew the 'falvation
of God..

/sic rr\r-> h ti-cb.lhat
fJH CUII.- his way. Pnr

th

27.&4.8.&iPet. 3. 1, 14. Sc. 1. 14 —
17. Tit. 2. 11, 12.
&3.8.
iPf. 91. 16. 1 Pet. j.
9. If. 45. 17.

Reflections upon Psalm L. — Great is the majefty, exten
five the 'high fovereignty, and- terrible the wrath, of God! And
great is his care of his faints, who have embraced his new cove
nant, of which Jefus Chrift's atoning facrifi.ee is the condition.
But God hath full power to change the pofitive inftitutions of his
own worfhip at his pleafure, and to rejecSt his long profeffed
people for their contempt of his Son. No obedience is accept
able to him but what proceeds from the faith of his being our own
God in Chrift. To obey was always better than facrifice ; and
prayer to, and praife of, God more than burnt-offerings. And,
fince Jefus' death, and Jerufalem's deftruction, Jewifh ceremonies
are not only vain, but hurtful. But never is our gracious God

more ready to hear our fupplications than in a day of trouble : and
what grateful vows and thankfgivings doth he then deferve at our
hands ! Notwithftanding antecedent gofpel declarations, how
rarely doth the Son of man, when he cometh, either in remarkable
mercy or judgment, find faith in the earth, or indeed aught but
empty formalities and grofs wickednefs !- And none are worfe than
profane clergymen, ftained with hypocrify, covetoufnefs, whore
dom, flander of Chrift and his faints, blafphemy of God, and
every thing horrid. But gracioufly he warns ere he ftrikes. And-,
to bow before the fceptre of hia grace, receive his gofpel offers,
and praiStife hoiinefs in his fear, is the way to efcape the rod of his
judgments, and to fhare his eternal favours.

David's penitential acknowledgments

PS AII§,

¦'-of his ddulfe'ry and murder.

Before Chrift
cir. 1034.

P S A L M LI.

. 2'Sam. II. 2— 4.&
12. -I— 18.

i-Pf. 6q.\s,t&.1ccm.
5. 20, 21. Exod.
34.6, 7. Eph. 2. 4.
Tit. j. 4, 5.

This ffalm was penned by David when he was reproved
¦ hy Nathan for his adultery' with Bathjheba, and for
this murder of Uriah, [2 Sam. xii.] We have in it
- (1) David's candid and truly forrowful acknow-
ledgments of his fin, particularly his adultery and
murder, as highly dijhonourable to God; and of his
• original fin as the fource thereof '; I— 5, if. {2) His
1 earneft fupplications for pardon of his offences, for
heart-purifying and renewing grace, for re
newed 'influences of the Holy Ghoft, for peace , of
¦ confeience and comfortable fellowfhip with God, for
himfelf; 1, 2, 6 — 15: and for reformation of, and
. profperity to, the church, which had been hurt by his
fin; 18,19. (3) His fincere purpofes of heart to
improve .God's favours to himfelf, in promoting the
inftruclion of others, and in giving them an honour
able pattern of an exact celebration of God' s public
worfhip; 13 — 16, 19.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of David
" when Nathan the prophet came unto
;him after he >had gone in to Bath
fheba. AVE b mercy upon me, O God,

according to thy loving-kindnefs
e f" \% fj'&ts!' according unto the -multitude of thy ten-
Jj: 25.3& 442«-' der mercies c blot out my tranfgrefiions.
Jer.18.23.Aaj3. JO
i9. Mic. 7. 18, 19. 2 d Wafh me thoroughly from mine
i9e-22. Rev. i.'jj: iniquity, and cleanfe me from my fin.
»!¦ '• ' 3 For e I acknowledge my tranfgref-
ePiro9v'pf.I332.V°fc fions : and my fin.Vj ever before me.
falsest,.,. 4 f Againft thee, thee only, have I
Is'.ti? 4' Luke finned, and done this evil in thy fight ;
^Xfeod.^' s ^at thou mighteft be juftified when
k job ,4 4 john 3 thou fpeakeft, and be clear when thou
yi^l-.^'judgeft.
• jfetftJr*. 5 Behold, I h was fhapen in iniquity;
i john 4. 23. Pmv. and in fin did my mother * conceive me.
ipet0.'3.4mpr-ls' 6 Behold, * thou defireft truth in the
J3. # 7
>xev.i4.4,6.Nnm. inward parts : and in the hidden part
HeW?*;john' thou fhalt make me to know wifdom.
1.7. Rev. 1. 5. &
,7. 14. Eph. 5. 25— »t "-
*7- /

Purge me with hyffop, and'I fhall

be clear! : Wafh m% and I fhall be whiter
than fnow.
8 'Ma-ke'nie td hear' joy and gladnefs ;
ihat the bones which thou haft m broken
may rejoice.
,9 n Hide thy face from my fins, <zhd
blot out all mine iniquities.
10 6 Create in me a clean heart, O
God ; and renew f a right fpirit within
me. 11 p Caft me not away from thy pre
fence,; and take not thy ^holy fpirit from
me. 'j 2 iReftore unto me the rjoy of thy
falvation; and s uphold me with thy free
fpirit. 13 xThen will I teach tranfgreffors thy
ways, and finners fhall be converted unto
;thee. 14 Deliver me from u blood-guiltinefs,
O God, thou God of my falvation : and
x my tongue fhall fing aloud of thy righ
teoufnefs. 15 OLord, 7 open thou my lips, and
my mouth fhall fhew forth thy praife.
16 For thou z defireft not facrifice,
+ elfe would I give it : thou delighteft not
in burnt-offering. 1 7 a The facrifices of God are a broken
fpirit: a broken and a contrite heart, O
God, thou wilt not defpife.
1 8 b Do good in thy good pleafure
unto Zion : build thou the walls of Je
rufalem. 1 9 c Then fhalt thou be pleafed with
the d facrifices of righteoufnefs, with
burnt-offering and whole burnt-offering. :
then fhall they offer bullocks upon thine
altar.

Before Chrift
'c'ir. 1034.

1 Pf, 89. 15/ & 119.
- 81,82. If. 40. 1, 2.
mPf.6.2i3.&38;3 " --9. If. 57-iJ-r9.
'Jer. ji. 25.
n Jer. 16. 17. If. 38.
17. Mic. 7. 18, to.
-Afls 13. 38, .39.
0 Rom. j. 24, is.
Eph. 2. 10. & 4.
221-24. Col. 3. it
—13. Ezek. 36.26.
t Of a an/taut fpirit.
pPf.43.*,&7I-9.
q-Prov. 1. 24. Ezek.
36. 27. John 4. io,
J4. Luke n. 13,
Rom. 8. 9. '
r Rorn. 5. z, 11;
2 Cor. 1. 12. Neh.
8.' 10.
s PI". 94. 18, 19.
2 Cor. 3. 17. Rom,
8. 15. Eph. 4. 30,
tPf. 66.KS Luke is.
32. If. ee. 7-9.
Jam. 5. 19. 20.

u Heb. bloods, z Sam.
11, 17. Sc 12.9.

xPf.3i.i.&86.i2, 13. & 71. 8, 14—
24. If. 61. 1 0. Phil.
3.9.
y-Exoi.4. 11,12. Pf.
79. 8— IJ.

z Pf. 40. 6. & 50. 8.
If. 1. 11—15. Jer.
7. 22. Hcf. 6. 6.
Num. 15. 30, ji.
&35- 31. Lev. 20.

t Or that I fhould
give it.
a If. 57. 15— 18; &
66.2.Pl>34.i8r* 102. 17.
bPf. 1 17. 5, 6. & 25.
22. fc 122. t— 9.
a Cor. 11. 28, 29.
If. 62. 1,6,7. Jer.
51. 50.

cPf.79.i3.&66.1J —15. fc 116. 14,
17— 19. & 1 18. 27.^
1 Kin. 8. 63. Eph.
5.2. Heb. 13. io,
16. Rom. 12. 1.
ilMal. 3. iVPr. 4. 5.
If. 61. 8. I Pet. 2. J.

Reflections upon Psalm LI. — Into what grievous iniquities
the beft of men, if left to themfelves, quickly fall ! — but never into
any from which their gracious God does not recover them. Such
as fin publicly ought to take to themfelves public fhame, for the
honour of their God and for a warning to others. Sin is an
heavy burden to a penitent foul. It forces from his heart impor
tunate cries for pardoning and purging mercy. And nothing lefs
than promifes of mercy can encourage him to pray in faith : and
nothing lefs than merciful pardons and cleanfings through Jefus'
blood can fave him from hell. God's blotting out of fin fixes a
penitential remembrance of it, and repeated grief on account of it,
in the heart of a faint. And a heart truly broken for fin never
feeks exculpation, but defires to take- all ihame and confufion.

The exceeding finfulnefs of fin lies in its oppofition to God^s
nature and law. And true penitents juftify God in all his judg
ments, however heavy upon them. No perfon was ever really'
humbled for fin till brought to fee the inward and natural corrup
tion of his heart. It is not outward forms, but inward reality of
grace, that God primarily requires ; and it is he alone that can
work it in us. He alone muft forgive our fins, purging our con
feience by the blood of his Son. He alone muft fanctify and re
new our hearts, pour out his Spirit, reftore our joys, and grant
us his comfortable prefence. What anguifh and breaking of foul
loads of guilt, and of forrow for it, can produce ! But God, who
_gives the pardon, muft alfo give the comfort of it. Renewed!
fouls count the fervice of God the nioft perfect freedom : and th©

Efbeg's wickednefs and ruin..

Before Chiift
cir. 1058.

a fcSam, II. 7. &
22. 9. t

bjr. jo. 2, j.fcz6.
10. & 120. 2. Sc
140. 8, 9. ver. 7.
c Exod. 34. 6, 7. If.
63.7. Rom. 2, 4,5.
Mat. 5. 45...
dPf.50..i9.&57.,4. « S9- 7- & <4- 4-
&140, 3. Jer. 9. 3,
4. & 18. 18. Prov.
30. 14.
e Jer. 4. 22. & 9. 3 —
5. Pf. 36. 1—4.
Rom. 1. 28—32.

f Jim. 3. 6. 1 Sam.
22; 19, 20. Jer, 11.
•Or and tht d.-ccitful
tongue.
% Jam 2.. 13.. Job
xviii. xx. Pf. «?. ,
> 15^-17. Sc 37. 20,
36. & 120. 3, 4. &
140. 9— it.
t Heb. beat thee
deum.

1P/.58. 10.&64.9.
& 71, 24. & 97. 8.
&I19. 1 20. Mat. 1.
5. Rev. 15.4. & 16.
5—7- & 18. 20. Ic
19- I, 2.
ijjr.2. 13. ft 17.;,
6. Pr.49.rj.fc62..

t Otfiibflante,

F S A L M LII.
This pfalm relates to. Doeg the Edomite, who informed
Saul how Ahimelech the high prieft had entertained
David and his. fervants, andwho in confequence thereof
murdered Ahimelech and above fourfcore other priefts ;
[1 Sam. xxii.] Here (1) David charges Doeg
that, notwithftanding the manifefted and everlafting
goodnefs of God, he gloried in his own malice, craft,
cruelty, and other wickednefs; 1 — 5. (2) By the
fpirit of prophefy, he condemns him for his wicked
nefs to. be plucked from his dwelling, and rooted out
of the land of the living, to the great joy of thofe
who feared God; 6, 7. (3) He comforts himfelf
in the everlafting mercy of God, and with the af
fured hopes that he fhould yet praife him for his kind
nefs; 8, 9.
To the chief mufician, Mafchil, A pfalm
of David a when Doeg the Edomite
came and told Saul, and faid unto him,
David is come to the haufe of Ahi
melech. ,
WHY b boafteft thou thyfelf in mif
chief,. O mighty man ? c the good
nefs of God endureth continually. .
2 d Thy tongue devifeth mifchiefs ;
like a fharp razor, working deceitfully.
3 Thou elbveft evil more than good ;
and lying rather than to fpeak righteouf
nefs. Selah.
4 Thou loveft all f devouring words,
* O thou deceitful tongue.
5 « God fhall' likewife + deftroy thee
for ever ; he fhall take thee away, and
pluck thee . out . of- thy dwelling place,
and root thee out of the land of the liv
ing. Selaho
6 h The righteous alfo fhall fee,, and
fear, and fhall laugh at him.
7 Lo, this is the man that made' not
God his ftrength; but * trufted in the
abundance of his riches, and ftrengthT,
ened himfelf in his + wickednefs. .

PSALMS. 8 But I k

Man 's finfulnefs ; God's falvation.
am like a green, olive tree in Bc£reIffi.'t
Shall be. Pf. 92.
II, 14. Jer. II. 16,
Hof. 14. 6.

the houfe of God : I ' truft in the mercy iT
of God for ever and ever.
9 I m will praife thee for ever, becaufe "t^lt*7

thou haft done it
thy name, for
faints.

xvm. cm.
cxvi. cviii. Qjilw

and " I will wait on mPr- CXv
it is good before thy ncen.49. ,
O J ijo. 5, 6. & 6i. I;
5. Sc 40. 1.

0 PC 54. 6. Exod.
6, 7. tiung t. ,
Pror. is, p,

PSALM LIII.
This pfalm is much the fame as the xivth. It fpeaks
( I ) Humbling convictions to all men of their finful
nefs of nature and practice ; I — 3. (2) Fearful ter
rors to them who perfecute and opprefs the. people of
God; 4,5. (3) Abundant comfort in the falvation
of God to his perfecuted faints ; 5, 6.
To the chief mufician upon Mahalath, ,
Mafchil, A pfalm of David. dr. 1021-
THE a fool hath faid in his heart, s ?i7.°- * & "*•
There is no God. b Corrupt are 00^.6.5^1,12.
they, and have done abominable iniquity: *«'»,¦ 3- »-i».
there is none that doth good.
2 c God looked down from heaven ^ "•£*"•,'''
14. Heb. 4.13. Jer. .
upon the children of men, to fee if there . \\ xZ£ttl]f!\ j
were any that did underftand, that, did ~7'
feek God.
2 d Every one of them is gone back ; ^kl^fit
they are altogether become filthy; there . xZ7b.\CbJtt '
is none that doth good, no not one.
4 Have ..the workers of iniquity
knowledge, who f eat up my people as
they eat bread ? they have not called upon
God. '• .
i 5 There s were they in great ' fear, s"S:t?/^ ,
where no fear was : for God hath h feat- De'uJSs: 65-*?.
tered the bones of him that encampeth hpr. mi. 7.14,7.
againf thee: thou haft put them to fhame, 36xSamv- '""¦*-'•
becaufe God hath defpifed them.
6 i O that the falvation of Ifrael were i«;.b: ww,-^™
falvationS) inc.
come out of Zion! when God bringeth Ki"^,™8,?;''
back the captivity of his people Jacob ihall. «.$t?t ¥",]".
rejoice, and Ifrael fhall be glad. .

UO oPf-94-8.IT. 1. 3.X? .:
27. il.Jer. S. 7. &
4.22.

Prov. 3. 14. pr. 27.
2. <(er. 10. 25. Pf,
10. 4. Sc 79. 7.

experience of God's' remarkable kindnefs effedtually animates to
zeal for his glory, the inftru£tion of others, and the welfare of his
church. Broken-hearted penitents, viewing themfelves as Achans
in the camp, are the moft earneft wreftlers with God for the hap
pinefs of the church. And all the returns of fervice, and praife to
God therein, muft be founded on his fpecial favours, received or
fecured in'Chrift and his blood.
Reflection's' upon Psalm LII. — Hardened Indeed is - the
fihner who abufes the goodnefs of God to glory in his wicked
nefs. Malice, lying, and craft, are the abhorrence of God^and
the image of the devil ; and. quickly fhall they render, men njiferabk
is

in life, and.. damned in hell.': Quickly fhall thofe who truft in
wealth or wickednefs remove, into everlafting flames. <, And the
ftriking judgments, of God on the wicked ought to be carefully
obferved, and improved as warnings, while we thank him for them,
as -manifeftations of his own glory and means of our deliverance.
God marvelloufly founds the profperity and promifed honours of
his people on their enemies' ruin. , And what he has promifed we
muft patiently wait for. - None that truft in his mercy fhall be dif
appointed, but ever flourifh in grace and .triumph in praife.
Reflections upon Psalm LIII.-^-What a fountain of Atheifm
is in our hearts ! What folly — what filth— -what evil— is in eve; 5;

David's fupplications and holy reflations. PSALMS. His (tffli&ion by Abfalom and Ahithophel

Before Chrift
cir» 1058,

PSALM LIV.
This pfalm was compofed when the Ziphites, men oflther
fame tribe -with David, inftigated Saul to deftroy
him, and directed him how to accomplifij it; [l Sam.
xxiii. xxvi.] It contains (1) David's ftrong cries
to his God, that he would fave and judge him, and
hear his requefts; I, 2. (2) Bitter complaints of
the oppreffion and the impiety of his enemies ; 3. -
(3) His triumphant -confolation of himfelf, in the
view of what God was to him and would do for him
— intermixed with holy refolutions to praife him for
his kindnefs; 4 — -f.
To the chief mufician on a Neginoth,
Mafchil, A pfalm of David b when the
Ziphims came and faid to Saul, Doth
not David hide himfelf with usi
* AVE '• me, O God, by d thy name,
J and judge me e hy thy ftrength.
2 f Hear my prayer, O God ; give -ear
to the words of my mouth.
2 For g ftrangers are rifen up againft
me, and oppreffors feek after my foul :
&4'5?.48-'&47o.44, they have not fet God before them.
Selah. 4 Behold, h God is mine helper: the
Lord is with them that uphold my foul.
5 He l fhall reward evil unto * mine
enemies: cut them off in thy truth.
6 k I will freely facrifice unto thee : I
kpr. 66. 13-15. & will praife thy name, O Lord, for it is
116. 14— 19. & r •>

a Pf. iv. xs&ii. xiii.
titles.
\s 1 Sam. 23. 19, 20.
Sc 26. I. Jer. 9. 4,
5. Mic. 7. 5, 6.
Mat. 10.21.

e Pf. 65g. 1, 2. &-S9-
1. Sc 71. 2 — 4.
d Prov. 18. 10. Afls
4. 12. Mat. 1. 21.
Exod. 23. 21.
e Pf. 43. 1. Sc 7. 8.
Jer. 50. 34. Piov.
23. II. Pf. .31. 2.
FPf. 130. 2. & -pj. 1.
.& 143. 1, 6, 7.
eRom.2.28. Pf.86,
-'. ir
.4.

hPf. 118. 7. Heb. 13.
6. Rom. 8. 31. Gen.
12. 3. If. 42. 1. Sc
50. 7,-g.
i Pf. 92. 7, 9, iz. &
140. 8—11. & 21.
8 — 12. & 37- 28,
38.
• Heb. thofe thest
obferve me.

J4O. I3. & 2J. IJ
Scj. 17. & 35. 28,
& 52. 9.
I Pf. 86. 12, 13.
2 Sam. 4. 9. Pf.
59- 10. & 92, 11.
aCoi. 1. 10.

good.

7 For he l hath delivered me out of
all trouble ; and mine eye hath feen his
defire upon mine enemies.
PSALM LV.
This pfalm was probably penned by David when hefted
from Jerufalem for fear of Abfalom his fon ; [2 Sam.
xv. xvi. ] Obferve ( I ) David's earneft prayers for help
. .and favour, from God amidft his great oppreffion,
griefs, and fears; 1 — 8. (2) His requefts for
the juft manifeftation of God's vengeance in the difl-
perfton and deftruction of his enemies, who, in Jeru
falem, particularly Ahithophel, had behaved in fo
bafe and treacherous a manner ; 9 — 15. (3) Re
folved on frequent and fervent prayer, he encourages

Before Chrift
cir. 1 52 1.

'himfelf and friends to truft in God for fupport and
deliverance, and for 'the fpeedy deftruction of their
enemies, however deceitful and bloody ; r6 — 23.
To the chief mufician on * Neginoth,
Mafchil, A pfalm of David.
GIVE h ear to my prayer, O God ;
and hide not thyfelf from my fup
plication. 2 Attend unto me, and hear me :
mourn in my complaint, and make
noife ;
2 Becaufe of the voice of the enemy,
becaufe of the oppreffion of the wicked :
for d- they caft iniquity upon me, and in <S2£;»#J:
,1 . 1 l . 3,9- 1 Sam. 22. 8.
wrath they hate me. 2Sam.iS.j.
4 eMy heart is fore pained within me: *F£Z.%\Z\%
and the terrors of death are fallen upon i5,**"!';*6.

a See P.". 54, title.

bPr.HO.I,2,&6fc I. fc 64. I. & 86.
J. & 83. 1. Sc 4. 1.
Ses- 1.6c 102.1,1,

C T cPf.6. j,6.&i3.i.
A & 32. 3. Sc 42. 9,
10. & 43.2. &22.
1. & fi. 8,-fc 102,

me.

Jer. 4. 19.

c f Fearfulnefs and trembling are come **?££**

and horror hath * overwhelmed

14,— 1
17. Mat. z6. 38.
John 12. 27.
* Heb. covered mc,
that I had wings "SIMS?: 1— />. 2 Sam. 15.
23, 27, 28. Sc 16.
1,2.

upon me,
me. fj And I faid, ' O
like a dove ! for then would I fly away,
and be at reft.
7 Lo, then would I wander far off, and
remain in the wildernefs. Selah.
8 h I would haften my efcape from the h^*1**
windy ftorm and tempeft.
9 'Deftroy, O Lord, and kdivide their !S££fi&
tongues: for I have feen Violence and kjs™.*.^*
ftrife in the city. • . fS$£S7&
10 Day and night they go about it uer.6.7.
upon the walls' thereof : m mifchief alfo^pViJ^
and forrow are in the midft of it.
1 1 Wickednefs is in the midft thereof:
deceit and guile depart not from her
ftreets. 12 For nit was not an enemy that re
proached me ; then I could have borne
it : neither was it he that, hated me that ,
did magnify himfelf againft me; then I
would have hid myfelf from him : s

Rev. 18. 2. Eiek.
xxii. Zeph. $. l—
6.

n Pf. 41. 9- Ic* 19-'
13—19- Jolm «*¦
18. Mat. 26. 2W]
47-49.

fin! and yetwhat unnumbered adls and fearful fruits of it every where
abound in the world. But fear and fhame fhall at laft overwhelm
the finners, particularly thofe who ate up, perfecuted, and oppreffed,
the people of God. Even the marvellous falvation of men
through Chrift fhall contribute to the everlafting deftruftion of
obftinate finners. And the endlefs fongs of ranfomed men will
not only attend, but add to, their everlafting mifery and grief.
Reflections upon Psalm LIV. — The .prayer of faith is a

fovereign remedy in every diftrefs: and ail falvation is of God,
who never fails thofe that feek him. Neareft neighbours and re
lations are often the faints' bittereft enemies. And, when men
leave God out of their fight, there is no wickednefs too great tor
them. But, if he be our helper, he will foon raife us up friends,
and rid us of our enemies, according to his promife. The ioul is
fafe enough that has the fecurity of God's infallible promife. And
paft experience is the ground of cordial thankfgiving, -
earneft of continual fupport and future deliverance.

and the

Deceit and ruin of ivicked men.

PSALMS.

Man's malice ; God's kindnefs.

But it was thou, f a man, mine
, ° my guide, and mine acquaint-
1 4 ? We took fweet counfel together, God in

Before Chrift
xiir-. ion. I 2
f "Heb. a Snan accord- eQUHl
htg to my rank.
oiSam.ls.K. & anCe-
16. 23. Jer. 9. 4.
Mic. 7. 5.
,eieb.mejYeetmed and walked unto the houfe of
¦aunjc-i. Pi. 122,. I.
&41.4. company
a 2 Sam. 17. 13. &
18.9, 1s.Mat.17. 5.
^Qr the grave.

15 Let 1 death feize upon them, and
let them go down quick into + hell : for
wickednefs is in their dwellings, and

PSALM LVI.

Before Chrift
cir. 1058.

i-Pf. 50.15. &91. IS-
1 Pet. 4. 19. Phil.
4.6.

among them

16 r As for me, I will call upon God;
and the Lord fhall fave me.
and morning, and at

r

Evening

s Luke 18. 1—7.
lThel.5. 17. Dan.
Ijafc1;.'?5' noon, will I pray, and cry aloud: and
-p .6.18. he -fhall hear my voice.
't^-^&'u!'. x 8 c He hath delivered my foul in peace
^.'zhdn.ltt from the battle that was againft me : for
|t|y-9j7. j's- there were many with me.
« ver. 12, 16, 17. 1 9 God fhall "hear, and afflicl: them,
F''6sf , ,f even he that abideth of old. Selah. * Be-
X Or turtfe whttrt alio
SawZZ'tbe, caufe they have no changes, therefore they
fear not G'*i. Job r /-~, j
,c,v.pr.73i4.j. fear not Lxod.
«•'*'«"•• >*• ' 20 He y hath put forth his hands againft
yt&iT'.7:?,f'.''4' fuch as be at peace with him : z he hath
"/w^im/i broken his covenant.
'fKra& 2i a ^e w°r^s °f n^s m°uta were
* '^J*5ii. fmoother than butter, but war itw in his
*8' heart: his words were fofter than oil, yet
were they drawn fwords.
*w^s-m«^5. 22 fe cal| thy II burden upon the
^et-VV ' LORD? and he fhall fuftain thee : c he
'^'24. & ,25. fhall never fuffer the
moved.

This pfalm was penned by David when the Philiftines
apprehended him in Gath; [i Sam. xxi. io — 15.]
And contains ( 1 ) His earneft fupplications to God
for merciful protection and deliverance from his ene
mies, who were barbarous, powerful, crafty, mali
cious, and reftlefs; I, 2, 5, 6, 7. (2) His affured
confidence in God as his own God, who had fpoken
good concerning him, and took particular notice of his
grievances; j, 4, 8, 11. (3) Firm hopes that his
prayers fhould iffue in the defeat of his enemies, and
that his faith would fet him above the fijvifi) fears
of mem; 9 — 11 : and that, while he paid his voius
to God, he fhould have flu ther occafion to praife tie.
Lord for what he bad done and would do for him ;

1, 2. iPet. 1. 5.

righteous to be
¦H O

'tii^tU 23 But thou> ° God' d A™11

bring

« Heb. men of blocds
and deceits. 2. Sam.

them down into the pit of deftr.uftion
bloody and deceitful men f fhall not
w£ w Hve out half their days ; but I will truft
their days. Prov. * v-Vtae*
10. 17. Ecci. 7. 17. in tnee.

12,

«3-

To the chief mufician upon Jonath-elem-
rechokim, * Michtam of David, when a w^mS*.
the b Philiftines took him in Gath.

b 1 3am. 21. 11.

1. & 69. 13.
ver.
5-7-
Sc 140. 1—5.
2 Chr. 14. 12.

E c merciful unto me, O God ; for '"SJ.*.?
man would fwallow me up; he
fighting daily oppreffeth me.
2 * Mine enemies would daily d-fwal- •"*•**»•*'•¦»•
, r r 1 1 r 1 d Pi. 57. 3- & 69. 15.
low me up : for they be 'many that nght ^if^l^lX-
againft me, O f thou Moft High. ,pf.3.i.&n».io
3 £ What time I am afraid I will truft jp^i.&V. is.
in tr\t=t= &91. 8 &93-4-
in niee. &9V3.K. 57- is-
4 h In God I will praife his word, in ^I^j.pf.
God I have put my truft; I will not fear !4'4'
, . n n 1 h Ver. 10, 11. Pf.
what nefh can do unto me. ii8.6.Heb.i3.«.
_, sir, 1 if. 31.3. & 41- "-
5 Every day they * wreft my words : Ro,n- B- JI_!9
all their thoughts are againft me for ' 'zToV9' MiU
evil. 6 kThey gather themfelves together, %*?:£?»£ |
they hide themfelves, they mark my fteps, 6i.z'^f£'si,
when they wait for my foul.
7 L Shall they efcape by iniquity? in •*-'-»-u-Al*-
1 ¦ m n 1 1 1 1 >-. mPf.ss-Q-'S.^-fc
thine anger m caft down the people, O «•*-»•)«•»•
God. Jua 3 Tg ^
8 a Thou telleft my wanderings ; put li.ll'^-"'

Reflections upon Psalm LV. — While here, as in a glafs,
¦we behold Jefus hated, reproached, betrayed, and murdered at
jerufalem, and the vengeance of God overtaking his perfecutors
In the deftruction and difperfion of the Jewifh nation, let us ob
ferve that the beft of men are ordinarily moft expofed to the hatred
and reproach of a carnal world : and good men may, in great trials,
find their fears ftrong, and their faith fhaken; but it is a great
mercy that they have Jefus' bofom, and the ftate of glory above,
to flee to when they can get no peace nor reft in this world. The
city, the church of God, may foon be fearfully corrupted by the
influence of wicked rulers. And none are more apt to promote
the corruption, or betray the faints, than apoftate or empty pro
feffors. There has always been a fad mixture of fuch in the
Vot. I.

church. Carnal policy, and felfifh ends, may carry men far and
long in a religious profeffion, even where there is no fincerity of
heart. Earneft prayers of faith. are effectual to bring falvation
from God. How fhameful then is it that they are fo little ufed;
and that the ftated meals for our bodies are more frequent than
thofe for our fouls ! It is God's being on our fide that raifes us '
above fear from our adverfaries. Too often want of trouble
hardens men in bold impiety. But impenitence and perdition are
infeparably linked together. Falfehood and perfidy will quickly
find an avenging God. But happy, happy for ever, are they who
truft in the Lord, and by the prayers of faith caft all their burdens,
troubles, work, and cares, upon' God, as their God and Fatlwr
in Chrift! - 5N

David fupplicates protection .

PSALMS.

Triumphs in God his deliverer.

Before Chrift
cir. i

058." thou my tears into thy bottle : are they
not in" thy book ?
9 ° When I cry unto thee, then fhall
mine enemies turn back ; this I know ;
^|,i6'.n8- p for God is for me.
,v.r.44.'pt"7.i- IO q I11 God will I praife his word : in
3.&.,8.6-i4. tne LqRD vvill I praife his word.
11 r In God have I put my truft : I
will not be afraid what man can do unto

o Pf. 55. 16. Sc 34
4—7. IS—"'

l See ver. 4. Pf. 27.
J—3. & 112.7,8.

iPf. I19.I66.fcn6
14—11. & 66. 1

me. 12

Thy vows are upon me, O God :
14— 11 & so. ii j r »
9TIi'&27;'7?'.& f wn^ render praifes unto thee.
iVscLt59''6' 12 l For thou haft delivered my foul
*c;6*,efz~£trli. fr°m death : wilt not //6o« deliver my feet
jod ^"jol'Lu'ke from falling, that I may walk before God
in the light of the living ?

a Or Deflrer ml, A
golden pfalm. Pf.
xvi. Ivi. titles.
» 1 Sam. 22. 1. &
24. 3.
c Pf. 6. z. Sc 69. 13,
iri. & 16 2. fc 17,
7, 8. & 56. I, 4,
11.
. Pf. 17. 8. & 61. 4,
": 91. i,
. 20. Sc
SCZ
4. 5, 6,

P S A L . M LVII.
This pfalm was penned by David when he fled from
Saul in the cave; [i Sam. xxiv.] And contains
(1) David's earneft betaking of himfelf to God; —
upon whom all his dependance was fixed ; towards
whom all his defires were bent ; and from whom only
be expected relief; — -for mercy amidft hh great trou
bles; 1,2. (2) His complaints of the cruelty, malice,
and calumniating deceit, of his inveterate enemies ; 3,
4, 6. (3) His believing triumph in God, in which
he prepares himfelf for praifing God; excites himfelf
to it ; delights himfelf in it ; and furnijhes himfelf
with matter for it; 7 — 10. (4) Confcious of his
own inability to praife God enough, he leaves it on
God to exalt and glorify himfelf; 5, 11.
To the chief mufician, 3 Al-tafchith,
Michtam of David, b when he fled from
Saul in the cave.

Sc 63'. 7. & 91
4, 9. If. 26. 20. «. -
32. 2. & 25. 4. & trufteth in thee

E c merciful unto me, O God, be
merciful unto me ; for my foul
yea, d in the fhadow of

Reflections upon Psalm LVI. — How inveterate is the en
mity ofthe wicked againft Jefus Chrift and his people! With una
nimity, cruelty, malice, reftleffnefs, and craft, they exert them
felves to deftroy them, while they fpy out their ways, wreft their
words, and wait for their halting. But blefled are thofe trials
which drive us nearer to God. Strong faith is neceffary when
troubles and dangers are very great. But the unchangeable pro
mife of God, yea and amen in Chrift, is not only fufficient ground
of truft, but of cordial praife. No enemies that we can have are
too great for God to humble, or too fecure, ftrong, or daring, to
Withftand his blow. They who have him for their friend need
not fear the impotent threats or ftrokes of human worms. Saints
may, nay muft, weep in prayer for a time ; but God regards every
Word, every tear ; and will foon make them ifliie in praife to the
•weepers, and in lafting ruin to their enemies. It is reafonable then
that vows made, as well as mercies received, fliould animate us to

Before Chrift
cir. H35X.

thy wings will I make my refuge, until
thefe calamities be overpaft.
2 I will cry unto e God moft high ;
unto God f that performeth all things for
me. 2 s He fhall fend from heaven, and
fave me \from the reproach of him that
would fwallow me up. Selah. God h fhall
fend forth, his mercy and his truth.
4 My foul is among ' lions ; and I lie
even among them that are fet on fire, even
the fons of men, whofe teeth are fpears
and arrows, and their tongue a fharp
fword. 5 k Be thou exalted, O God, above the
heavens ; let thy glory be above all the
earth. *
6 l' They have prepared a net for my
fteps; my foul is bowed down : they have
digged a pit before me, into the midft
whereof they are fallen themfelves. Se
lah. 7 m My heart is n fixed, O God, my mpr.**..,**.
heart is fixed: I will fing and give R0,lfl'.t?uii'^f
praife. 8 ° Awake up, my p glory; awake, OJJu0|fj-,lPf-
pfaltery and harp : I myfelf will awake P Tongue, or ron?.
r . J r -J J Pf.i6.9.&30.ix.
early. 9 I will praife thee, O Lord, * among < *,T££!3£.,e,ra
the people : I will fing unto thee among K"*'1'
the nations.
10 r For thy mercy is great unto the '"S?;'^!!:
heavens, and thy truth unto the clouds. s^l4iim.f}'.
11 s Be thou exalted, O God, above the sPr.8.,,9. Ver.s.
heavens: let thy glory be above all the *"•"¦'«' »7-^
earth.

ePI.56.2.&ijj,j, & 136. 2, 3. *
fPf. 138. 8. If. 26. 12,
&63.7.PW1. 1.6.
fc 2. 12, ij.
g iSam. 22. 17. Ft.
si 16.
f Or he rcfroachcth
him that would
fuial:ow she.
bPf.4o.|ii.&4j,1. &25.10.&61. 7.
¦ P'VH- 17. * '58.(5.
ari!n.4.i7.Frer,28. 15. Sc 30. 14.
Pf- SS21.&64.
3. & J». 2^.

k Pf. to8. j. ver. if.
Pf.7.6.fcl48.]}.
if. J. 16. & 30. I».

I PC 7 16. Ic 9. ij.
I Sam. 24. 3, 4. ic
23. 22, 23. Mat. -
a. 15.

truft in, pray to, ferve, and praife him, while we live in the enjoy
ment of the light of his countenance.
Reflections upon Psalm LVII. — While faints continue on
earth, they will ftill need prayer from their heart, and mercy from
their God. For into what devouring beafts, and deceitful devils,
hath fin transformed their enemies! Heart, lips, and hands, ap
pear all animated by infernal malice and craft. But they have a
God of falvation, a new covenant in Jefus' blood, to fecure their
fafety and their enemies' ruin. And often, for the glory of God,
thefe enemies perifh in the fnares which they had laid for others.
With what fixed thought, wonder, defire, and delight, with what
ardour of inward powers, ought we then to praife and glorify God,
'for the mercy that made and fulfils, and the faithfulnefs which efta-
blifhes, every new covenant promife! And with great fervour
ought we to defire our almighty Lord to glorify himfelf in hsaveii
above and in all the earth below.
f).

iVickednefs and ruin -of unjuf judges.

PSALMS. Cruelty and malice of Saul and his courtier.

Before-Chrill cir. 1059.

a If. 59. 8, 9, 13— is-
£.-45. 19. PI. 82. a,

PSALM LVIII.
This pfalm was probably compofed by David -when
Saul carried on fome kind of legal profecution againft
him, which is. not mentioned in the hiftory of his reign.
Here ( 1 ) He defcribes the corruption in the govern
ment of thefe judges, in neglecting to do juftice, and in
readinefs to do injuftice ; and the corruption of their
nature, with malice, falfehood, and obftinate untrac-
tablenefs; 1 — 5. (2) He pi ays that God would
difable them to perpetrate mifchief; would defeat
their projects, and weaken their influence ; 6 — 8.
(3) He predicts their ruin, as calculated to promote
the comfort of the godly and the conviction of finners ;
9— 11.
» or pcfiro, net, n To the chief mufician, * Al-tafchith,
Michtam of David.
O a ye indeed fpeak righteoufnefs, O
congregation ? do ye judge up-
i,pr.8s.i,6. rightly, O ye b fons of men ?
cpc 94. ». if. io.i. 2 Yea,^ in heart ye c work wickednefs ;
ecci. 3. ,6. ii. s- ye weigh the violence of your hands in
the earth.
< cen. 6. 5. Eph. 4. 3 The d,wicked are eftranged from the
lH'+fc «: £5,": womb: they go affray t as foon as they
M*. 15. 19 , , /" 1 • 1-
tHeb.fnmthehei,f. be born, fpeaking lies.
cpr.i4o.3.Rom.3. 4 Their 'poifon is * like the poifon of
13. Afls 7. 51, 57
} Heb. according tt the the
,. 5 Which f will not hearken to the
voice of charmers, * charming never fo
* Or be the charmer . - , °
ever fi cunning. Wifely.
E>h4.io.&29.i7. 6 g Break their teeth, O God, in their
fcek.7J0. 2I-25' mouth : break out the great teeth ofthe
young lions, O Lord.
ijoih &5 1. 7 ^et them h melt away as waters which
e£ "'sIsT 7?'* run continually: when he bendeth his
16. & 9- 15.16- foow i0 jfcoQt- j,js an-0vvs, let them be as cut
in pieces.
"(£.?.'"' j6' & 8 'As a fnail which melteth, let every
k job n«. ecci. one of them pafs away; k like the untimely
1pf73.1s-20.j0b birth of a woman, that they may not fee
20. 5—19 Sc 18. .1 j-
5-14.fc2r.2e, the fun.
ai.Picv. IO.T5-& . _ - Z* 1 .1
1-' iStiii?' ,s' 9 Before your pots can feel the

'7 a ferpent : they are like the deaf " adder

that ftoppeth her ear;

Reflections upon Psalm LVIII. — What a plague to a
church or nation are unjuft ruler ! Oppreflio b law is ihe moft
grievous tyranny; and good men often fuflir by the partiality of
unjuftjudges. Greatly humbling to fuch as fee it is the wicked
nefs of the hum.n heart. And it makes thofe in whom it reigns
earneft and obftinate in finful courfes. Neither the terrors of
God's -wrath, nor the hopes of the gofpel, can e'f'c dually change
it, unlefs the Spirit of God open the ear to infti uctmi. Put it
is a mercy for the faints that God cares for and piote-irs nem
amidft fuch barbarous, brutifh, and deceitful men, who have

thorns, he fhall take them away as with ci^io^'l'
a whirlwind, + both living,- and in his t h^ ,„ /«,.„., .«'
* *-* wrath.
wrath. 10 ra The righteous fliall rejoice when *%££**%?
he feeth the vengeance : he fhall n. wafh tTV*'
his feet in the blood of the wicked. '*¦ *°-
1 1 So that a man fhall fay, 9Verily °**£]$ Vi*
there is *a reward for the righteous : ffff^hu
p verily he is a God that judgeth in the &c-
earth . Pl- 9- 16—20. &
59. 11.
PSALM LIX.
Tliis pfalm was penned by David when Saul fent mef
fengers to watch his houfe in order to kill him.
[1 Sam. xix.] In it, as in the feven immediately pre
ceding, we have ( 1 ) David's bitter complaints, of
his enemies, as wicked, barbarous, malicious, and
atheiftical; 1 — 7. (2) His predictory prayers that
God would expofe thefe enemies to contempt and deri-
fton ; make them flanding monuments of his juft indig
nation ; deal with them according to their fins ; con
fume them in his wrath; and evm render their fin
their punijhment; 8, 10 — 15. (3) His holy refo-
lutions to wait upon God till his judgments fhould be
executed on them, and then to praife him for his fa
vours; 9, 10, 16, 17.
To the chief mufician, a Al-tafchith, 3-0iff^Arr
Michtam of David ; v when Saul fent, ?'«¦"»'«*"««.¦
and they watched the houfe, to kill y"Sua^"-
him.
DELIVER ume from mine enemies, epr.rt.4».&7i.s,
O my God: * defend me from them ,'4*^'k££,
that rife up againft me. f'"'
2 Deliver me from the d workers of dpre^jThTs^
iniquity, and fave me from bloody men. Pi,"-1}-
2 For, lo, cthey lie in wait for my foul : eisam.19.1Pf 55.
, u . , - J . . . -. J c 6. & 10. 8—10. &
the mighty are gathered againft me ; ' not f; "' '9- & ,41-
for my tranfgreffion, nor for my fin, O fisam.14. 10-19.
¦J- J o J J > & 26. 18. Pf. 7.
Lord. j-*
4 They g run and prepare themfelves gisam.*™. xix.
• 1 r 1 h 1 J. 11 xxiii- xxiv- xxyi-
without my fault : n awake t to help me, hpr. 7.6-9 &3S
and behold. j.***.!,*.
5 Thou therefore, ' O Lord God of ; Dan. ^j.pi-.m*.
hofts, the God of Ifrael, awake to vifit ,4"

power on their fide ; that he reftrains thefe enemies at pleafure,
and makes them even to wafte themfelves. In a fudden and tre
mendous manner they are fometimes deftroyed. And, however
the godly now pity the folly, and bewail the conduct, of finners,
they will hereafter approve God's juftice in their punifhment, and
triumph in their ruin. At laft God will make the moft haughty
and brutilh to know that he governs the world; and that it is
only in the way of hoiinefs and virtue that real happinefs is to be
found.
5N2

David triumphs in hope of deliverance.

PSALMS.

He triumphs in God's word,.

Before Chrift
kP(. 54. 3. II. 1.10.
Anioj 9. 7.
1 Pf. 7. 6. & 17. ti-
fc55 IS- Sc 58. 6.
mVer, 14. 1 Sam. 19.
II.
. » Pl.t;. 21. Sc ej. 4.
Sck\. 3— 5. & 109.
2, 3. Prov. 12. 18,
o Pf. 10. 11, 13. &
- 73. II. & 94. 4, 7.
fPf.2.4. &37.13.
Prov. 1. 26; if. J,
24. Anioj 5. 9.

<| 2 Chr. 20. 12. Pf.
62. 1, 5.
r Heb, my high place.
Ver. 1, 17.
s Ver. 17. 2Cor. 1.
3. Exod. 34. 6, 7.
1 Pet. 5.10. PI. 21.
3. If. 65. 24.
t Pf. 54 7. & 92. 11.
Sc 58. 10. >cr. 11
—15.
J Heb.rruVi* thfervcrs.
11 Gen. 4. 12,15. ver-
13. Lev. 26. 39.
Num. 14. -3 3. Eccl.
'f-S-
xlf.41. 16. Pf. 53.5.
&51. 5. & 55. 23.
Mat. 22. 7.
yProv. 12. 13.&18.
7. Pf. 64. 7, 8. Sc
JI. 13. fc 109. 17,
18. & 120. 3, 4. &
J40. 9, 10. fc 79.

2 Ver. II. Num. 14,
33-
alf. 26. 9,11. Pf. 58,
II & 83. 18.
Ezek. 38, 23. &
39-7-
b Ver. 6. 15. Pf. isg.
10 — 12. Job.15. 23.
, & 30. 3—8. If. S.

H Heb. to eat.
* Or if they be not fa
ll fed, then, they will
fay all night.
cFl. 7. 17. Sea. 1,2.
&13.6.&18. 49.
&2M3.&22.2Z.
^35. 28. & 41.13.
Sc 52. 9. & 54. 6,7.
Cc 56. 1.'.. 13. with
ver. 9. 10.
i Pf. 61. 3. Sc 91.' I,
4,9. &4fi. 1,7.11.
Jf.2C. 4. &12. 2..
SC 26. 20. Pf. 18.

all the k heathen : * be not merciful to
any wicked tranfgreflbrs. Selah.
6 m They return at evening : they make
a noife like a dog, and go round about
the city.
7 Behold, n they belch out with their
mouth : fwords are in their lips : for
0 who, fay they, doth hear?
8 But thou, O Lord, fhalt p laugh at
them : thou fhalt have all the heathen in
derifion. 9 q Becaufe of his ftrength will I wait
upon thee : for God is ' my defence.
1 o s The God of my mercy fhall pre
vent me : r God fhall let me fee my defire
upon * mine enemies.
1 1 u Slay them not, left my people
forget: * fcatter them by thy power,
and bring them down, O Lord our
fhield. 12 y For the fin of their mouth, and
the words of their lips, let them even
be taken in their pride : and for curfing
and lying which they fpeak.
13 z Confume them in wrath, confume
them, that they may not be: * and let them
know that God ruleth in Jacob unto the
ends ofthe earth. Selah.
14 And b at evening let them return ;
andlet them make a noife like a dog, and
go round about the city.
15 Let them wander up and down
Bfor meat, and * grudge if they be not
fatisfied. 1 6 ' But I will fing of thy power ;
yea, I will fing aloud of thy mercy in
the morning : for d thou haft been my
defence and refuge in the day of my
trouble. 17 Unto thee, O my ftrength,, will I
fing :. for God is my defence, andthe God
of my mercy.

Before Chrift
cir. J037,

B S A L M LX.. 
This pfalm was penned by David during his wars with
the Syrians and Edomites; [z Sam. viii.] Here
{ 1 ) He bewails the tokens of God's difpleafure with
Ifrael, in the breaking and disjointing of the nation- " *
under Saul and IJhboJheth ; I — 3. (2) In thankful
contemplation ofthe late revival which he had given to
their affairs, by his own acceffion to the throne, arid.
victories over the Philiftines, Moabites, &c. he be-
fe.ches God to grant them victory over,, and reft from,
all their enemies ; 4,5. (3) In the confident expec
tation of God's fulfilment of his promifes, along with
importunate fupplication, he expreflfes his triumphant)
hopes that God would quickly fubdue every enemy, the.
fortified cities of £ dom not excepted;- 6—12.
To the chief mufician upon Shufhan-
eduth, * Michtam of David, to teach ; •»»<»"«"/*&.
when he ftrove with a Aram-naharaim »¦»*• svrian.be.
yond the river M.Mr-
and with Aram-zobah, when Joab SjS£'.?&8L,
returned, and fmote of Edom in the &™.'jV'i'^
valley of fait twelve thoufand..
GOD, b thou haft caft us off, "««¦**•».•*.
thou haft + fcattered us, thou haft fHcb-Sral"'-
been difpleafed ; c O turn thyfelf to vs'r%!tlgil&- &74. 3, 10,21. Sc
44- 23—26.
2 d Thou haft made the earth to tremble ; ""af^'cl!5^:;
thou haft broken it : heal the breaches "' 3°' 3°'
thereof, for it fhaketh..
3 c Thou haft fhewed thy people hard

again

e Pf. 71. 20. If. 51.
17, 22. ler. 25. 15.
things:, thou haft made us to. drink the *s. Rom./.^,*.
wine of aftonifhment..
4 f Thou haft given a banner to them "iT^"'*'
that fear thee, that it may be difplay ed % s'-*9' Rom'
becaufe of the truth. Selah.
5 g That thy -beloved may be deli

and

g Pf. icS. 6, 13. &
20. 6. 2 Cor. 1, 20.
If. 63. 1-S.

h Pf. 89. 35. Amos
4- 2. Jer. 13. 9.

vered, fave with thy right hand
hear me.
6 hGod hath fpoken in his hoiinefs;. I i*sam.s..i-j.
wiU rejoice; 1 'will divide Shechem, and Isanti,™'
mete out the valley of Succoth. ^^'fllj.
7 Gilead is mine, and Manafleh /Vmine; iGen.49.s-10.pf.
Ephraim alfo- is the k ftrength of mine miSam.8.z.
head ; Judah is my l lawgiver ; Js^i* To,,.
a Moab is my ra wafhpot ; over ' Edom ¦ 2£-*£~**

Reflections upon Psalm LIX.— Firm faith of our new
covenant intereft in God encourages to bold fupplications in a day
of trouble. None can deftroy if he defend us. Though none be
innocent before God, they maybe fo before men; at" leaft with
refpecl to particular crimes. And fuch innocence, though it can
not protedt us from evil men, may encourage our appeals to God
for redrefs. It is common for finners to think that God over
looks their wickednefs ; but jthe awful punifhment thereof will
make them know that he obferved it, If we wait on God, and

depend on his mercy,, we are fure of prefervation in trials, and
even of prevention with favours.. But how dreadful is their dan
ger againft whom the prayers of Chrift and his people afcend!
The tongue defiled with, flander,. curfing, and. falfehood, will
quickly burn in endlefs fire. The punifhment which God infli<Ss.
on men, correfpondent to their fins, will force, them to know his.
exiftence and government : and the fufferings of Jefus Chrift, and
his people, fliall at laft iflue in everlafting honours, triumphs iti.
their God, and praifes for his mercy and kindnefs.

David hof
Before Chrift
cir, IO37.
o Or triumph thru
ever me, (by an
irony). Pf. 108. 9.
S,Sain. 5. 18—25.
let- 1. & 21.15—
22. If. 14. 29.
J Heb, city of ftrength.
p Pf. 44. 9. fc 108.
II. If. 12. l.CC Si).
14.

t\ Pf. 25. 12. fc 146.
3-
| Heb. falvation,
f Num. 24.18. 1 Chr.
19. 13. Pf. 27. i—
3. Sc 118. 6— .14.
U 18. 30—45. if.
17. 13. & 41. 14,
.;, 16, 26. Mal. 4.
J-J.

esfor an anfwer to his prayers', P S.ALM-S. He trufs and waits for God' s falvation. ^
will I caft out my fhoe*: Philiftia, 'triumph
thou becaufe of me.
_ 9 Who will bring me into the * ftrong
city? who will lead me into Edom?
10 Wilt not thou, O God, which
p hadft caft us off? and thou, O God,
which didft not go out with our armies?
1 1 1 Give us help from trouble : for
vain is the H help of man.
12 r Through God we fliall do va
liantly : for he ;'/ is that fhall tread down
our enemies.

cir. ioi t-.
or 105S.
I Pf. iv. title.

b Pf. 4. 1. Sc 5. 1, 2.
&64. 1.&80.1.&
130. z. Phil. 4. 6,
19.
ePf. 42. 6. 1 Tim.
2.8.
i Lam. 3. 65. Pf. iii
—v. xiii. Kliii. lv.
cii. cxliii.
eProv. 18.10. Pf.18.
46. & 91. 1—46.
& 92. 15. Sc 46. 1.
Jl. ver. 3.
f 2 Cor. 1, iq. If. 46.
3.4.
g Pf; 27. 4. sc 42. 2,
8, 11. fc 91. 2, 4.
& 57. 1. Sc 6j. 7.
* Or make my refuge.

CHAP. LXI.
Here ( i ) David, in commemorating what the Lord
had formerly done for him, and in the faith of what
he had promifed, cries to God for comfort and protec
tion amidft great troubles ; 1 — 4. (2) In the view
of what God had done, and would for ever do, for
him, he fupplicates neceffary mercies, and. refolves on
evjer/afting praife and thankfgiving to God as his con
fequent duty ; 5' — 8 .
To the chief mufician upon ^Neginath,
A pfalm of David.
EAR b my cry, O God ; attend unto
my prayer.
2 c From the end of the earth- will I
cry unto thee, when d my heart is over
whelmed ; lead me ta c the rock t-bat is
higher than I.
3 f For thou haft been a fhelter for me,
and a. ftrong tower from the enemy.
4 s I will abide in thy tabernacle for
ever: I will * truft in the covert of thy

5 For thou, O God, w haft heard my ^£.?
vows : thou haft given me ' the heritage or IO-?8-
of thofe that fear thy name. h % &450&£H'
6 k Thou wilt prolong the king's life; J^f'^ '^
and his years + as many generations. s' "'
7 He fliall abide ' before God for ever: 4v° '*' t>V
/ the lung. Pf.71. 9,
O prepare m mercy and truth, which may '* & "¦>¦-?•
 , r 1 • f Heb. est feneration
prderVe hltll. and generation.
8 "So will I fing praife unto thy name '&£«?££¦,£

for ever, that I may daily perform, my

Luke 1. 31.

vows.

mGen.24. 27.&;2a
10. Mic. 7. 20. I'f.
40. 11. Sc 57. 3.
Rrov. 20. 28.

PSALM LXIL

wings.

Selah.

t n Pf. 59. 16, 17. &
56. 12. & 66. ii —
15. & 116. 14 — 19,
In this pfalm ( I ) David folemnly avows his manifold & "9- Io6--
retations to God ; his compofed dependance on, fixed.
truft in, and quiet waiting for, God ; and his hopes
of the ruin of hi s enemies ; I — 7. (2) He earneft If
encourages others to trufl in and call on God, who is
infinite in povjer, mercy, and juftice; and to beware
of trifling in men, or in outward, riches or honours,
which are deceitful and unfubftantial ; 8 — 12.

a I Chr.. 25. i, g,
Pf. xxxix.
*'0r Only.
bPf. 33.20. Scty. 7.
Sc 1 30. 5, 6. If. S.
17. Sc 30.18. &j',.
31-
c Heb. Is filent.
65.1.
d Jer. 3. 23. Pf. 37.
39 & 121. 2.
e Ve'r. 6, 8. Pf. 73.
25, 26. Sc 46. 1, 7.
Sc uz. 4, S. & 9.
9; * 59- 9, 17.
Nah. 1. 6.

To the chief mufician,, to a Jeduthun,
A pfalm of David.
TRULY * * my foul c waiteth upon
God : d from him cometh my falva
tion. 2 eHe only is my rock and my falva
tion ; he is my "•* defence; f I- fhall not. be *«<*¦*&*/'««.
greatly moved. "^fi'c^To,
3 E How long will ye imagine mifchief gpr.4.1.&58.IJ>
againft a man ? ye fhall be flain all of fi.^.&i'S:
you: h as a bowing wall fhall ye be, and h \{^za'% *£«•,
as a, tottering fence.. . lT"e(-fi-
4 ' They only confult to caft him down, £*•*•*"¦"•

Reflections upon Psalm LX. — What terrible rejection of
God, what fearful convulfions and miferies in nations and churches,
are occafioned by fin ! But the deeper our diftreffes are, the mote
is the power and grace of our God magnified in our deliverance.
Not David raifed to a throne, according to promife, but Jefus
exalted to his Father's right hand, and manifefted in the truth of
the gofpel, is our banner difplayed, — our means of victory and
deliverance : let us then look to him and be faved. If fin has
made deadly breaches, the fovereign grace of God can repair
them. If we turn to him in prayer, we may expe£t his return in
mercy to us. Having loved us freely, his right hand fhall fave
us. Our deliverance may be delayed, but -cannot be defeated.
While Jefus fubdues his oppofers in mercy, or deftroys them in
wrath, let us make him our own, and every promifed bleffing of
grace or glory will neceffarily follow. When he pleafe?, he can
make our bittereft enemies our warmeft friends. At his pleafure
he can, unite nations and churches. Whatever difficulties then
ftand in our way, let faith overcome them. Though we feem caft
off, let us- cleave faft to the promife, and truft and wait for the
felvation of God. The greater our danger, our cries and prayers
ought to be the more earneft.. Let us put no truft in human helps ;
8

but in God's name and ftrength encounter our fpiritual. enemies j,
and fo fhall. our. victory be fure..
Reflections upon Psalm LXI. — Often' are the faints over
whelmed with their fenfe of fin, their troubles, temptations, and'
fears. But, whatever we be, and in whatever condition, a throne
of grace and a prayer-hearing God are at hand toapply to. Jefus,,
the eftablifhing and? protecting Rock, is near; and his word and
Spirit are ready to lead us to him. And every former experience.
of protection or deliverance ought to encourage our flight to his
refuge. Our trufting to his promifes, perfections,, and provi
dences, and our cordial worfhip of him herej.. will iffue in our
being for ever with him in his manfions of glory above.— God'
hears our prayer?, regards our vows, and will provide for us every
thing good. We are heirs of God and joint heirs with. Chrift.
Since- King Jefus for ever lives, for ever fits enthroned"- amidft
mercy and truth, we may confidently expect to live and reign with.
him in everlafting felicity and praife. Let then the vows which*.
we have made be confcientioufly performed: and let praifing. off
God, and paying of our vows, be our daily employment,-

God's power and mercy. David's holy pantings PSA L M S. after fellowfhip with God in ordinances.
irfioss? from his excellency : they delight in lies :
they blefs with their mouth, but they

Befor
.ch or lost.

t H^. ;n their m- curfe + in wardly . Selah .
- ward parts. J
k job 35. ,4.pr. 27. c My foul k wait thou only upon God ;
13, 14. Mic. j.j, - J J n ¦ ¦ c lT ¦
LamZep2h' 2U8'if. *9r my expectation is from him.
49.23. ^ j_re 1 oniy ;s my roc|c anrj my falva-
Isc'iffXsel: tion : /6i? ;j my defence ; I fhall not be
3. 23. Hoi. 1,7. If, J
moved.

3.23. Hoi. 1,7.
4S- J7i *i.

in Jer. 9. 13, 24. Pf.
3. 3- If. 4S- 25. &
60.19. 1 Cor. i, 31,
r, If. 26. 4. & 28. 16.
PI. 2. 12. & 13.5.
. & 22. 4, 5,

3.!f.a43s1245.& 7 In God /j my falvation and my
,19. 1 Cor. 1,31. / , J r n t I
m glory : the rock of my ftrength, and
my refuge, is in God.
0.4a&i'=29'.kie4J- 8 n Truft in him at all times ; ye
l^t'fm^'j, people, ° pour out your heart before him :
p ir. 40. 15-17. pf. God is a refuge for us. Selah.
}?c.%"\t,?{.t .9 p Surely men of low degree are va-
j; or 'an.. nity, and men of high degree are a lie : to
*j.ir.r7.ir.iob.». be laid in the balance, they are " altoge-
!9-<l8. Pf. 52, 7. , . . 7 J O
uobxviii.xx.xxvi,. ther /jg-A/tfr than vanity.
».i5-»MTta. 10 q Truft not in oppreffion, and be-
5 job 33.14.' come not vain in robbery: r if riches
t at ftrength. if. 26. increafe, fet not your heart upon them.
4-Pf- 145. s. Gen. ' - , . f. - l . ,
i7- 1- & is. 14. ns (j-od hath fpoken once ; twice have
UDam'9?9;i8.7pf. I heard this ; that '.power belongeth unto
y. Job 34. 11. Prov. ^JOU.
&££*&% 1 2 Alfo unto thee, O Lord, u belongeth
27. Mat. 16, 27. - , in
5°io'. E6h 6Csr" merc7 *• f°r thou rendereft to every man
w&'.&'S. according to his work.
PSALM LXIII.
This pfalm was penned by David while he hid himfelf
from the fury of Saul in the wildernefs of Judah ;
£1 Sam. xxii. 5. — or xxiii. 14,. 24, 25. — or xxiv.
1.] Or when he fed from Abfalom, [2 Sam. xv.
xvi. J We have (i) His flirting faith, working in
ardent defires after the moft familiar fellowfhip with
¦God in public ordinances; 1, 2. (2) His fuperla-
tive eftimation of God, iffuing in hearty refolutions to
be for ever employed in his praife; 3, 4. (3) His
heart^ravijhing fatisfaclion in God amidft fecret and
fixed meditation on his excellencies and love ; 5, 6,

&68.24.&78.S!, I Chr. 16. 11.
4-21.

(4) His joyful dependance on God as his Saviour and ™°™^hTc,m
portion; 7, 8. (5) His holy triumph in God as or'1021.*
his preferver, and the . deftroyer of his enemies j ~lSam zi — j —
<J  II. 14, 15- & *6. 1, zl
a r 1 ¦ r t\ • 1 1 1 -i b Pi. 18. 1— 3. a 91,
A pfalm of David, * when he was in the lA1 ffti,%
' wildernefs of Judah/ a*Vi"';
•J CJob8.5. Pf.j. 3 Sc
GOD, b thou art my God ; c early t^!""^-
will I feek thee > my foul d thirft- "ff^l^'
eth for thee ; my flefh longeth for thee •h*Z,*L
in a dry and * thirfty land, where no -*-*«*
. ' * ePf.27.4.&42.
water is ; fc6*-- '
2 c To fee thy power and thy glory, lSam'
-r t 1 r 1 • 1 r ri fPt- 30. 5. Song 1.4.
fo aj- I have feen thee in the fanctuary. s^'Johl'*",™"
3 Becaufe f thy loving-kindnefs is bet- g pr. 104. Sj, ,4. &
ter than life, my lips fhall praife thee. l,X*t7.l\.1^
4 Thus * will I blefs thee while I h ?«£*£$.*
live : I will ll lift up my hands in thy :
name. 5 My foul fhall be ' fatisfied as with tHe"^?.
"r marrow and fatnefs; k and my mouth kw.-ioj.T-6. a
7 -„l J 118. 28. & 71. 8,
fhall praife thee with joyful lips : ^,M.&i49,,-,
6 When I i remember thee upon my IP&4?;|-* g**
bed, <sW meditate on thee in the night m '£' * lSam
watches. Z^VfcSi
7 ra Becaufe thou haft been my help, K+IJ,s,fe
-- n if. 26. 8, 9. Song 3.
1-^4. & 2. 6. pi;

I Tim. j. 8.
Pf. 36. 8. Sc 63. 4.
& 103. 5. & 104.
34- Ii- 25. 6. John

94. 18, 19.

therefore in the fhadow of thy wings will
f rejoice. oPf, s. I0. &g I5
8 My foul n followeth hard after thee : *£**»£
thy right hand upholdeth me. ij;*}.&v\i7. '
o ° But thofe that feek my foul, to ^m^etftie*
, £ n ,, . . / water bythehanit
deftroy it, fhall go into the lower parts •/"•^
r-.l , 1 piSam. xxxi. 28am.
of the earth. m^bY'iTm
10 + They fhall p fall by the fword; c.Lam.s.,8.p<'.4».
they fhall be a *» portion for foxes. r l^^fsc
11 But the rkiug fhall rejoice in God; \'£?i^
every one that s fweareth by him fhall &6* ,1'Sei,, 6.
glory: c but the mouth of them that fpeak J*\ a
lies fhall be flopped.

. 31.18. & 140.0,
11. Rev. 21. 8. &
22.15,

Reflections upon Psalm LXII. — Patient and fubmiflive
refignation of our fouls to God is the certain mean of an happy
iffue of all our troubles. He is the alone author and finifher of all
our falvation. In fo doing, corruptions and temptations may fjiake
us, but cannot move us, either fully or finally, from grace.
While liars and traitors meet with deftruclion from God, they
who truft in him may defy hell or earth to hurt them. In him
¦they are faved, fecured, ftiengthened, and protected ; and in hjm,
not-in themfe'ves, do they glory. The more their faith in him is
exercifed, the ftronger it becomes. The more we truft in men,
or in worldly enjoyments, the more difappointment and hurt we
fhall meet with. But the more we depend -on, cry ,to, or confider,
God, we fhall find the more pleafure, fafety, and comfort. The
mercy and' power which we fee in him fhall be employed to furnifh,
proted, and reward us, and to cut off our enemies.

Reflections upon Psalm LXIII. — What a dry and barren
wildernefs is this world, with nothing" in it that can fatisfy the
longings of a foul! And, the more we find of the emptinefs of
created enjoyments, the more we Ihould fly to the fulnefs of God,
as our God and all-fufficienr portion. They who have experienced
fellowfhip with him, and difcovei ies of his1 glory in public ordi
nances, will feelingly regret the want of then, and ardently defire
the re-enjoyment of them. But great is ih-e mercy that God him
felf, the fountain of happi ief , and his throne of grace, are every
where acceffible-. And if our hearts be refiefhed with the tokens
of his favour, they ought to be enlarged in his praife. Happy and
delightful is it to meditate on his loving kindnefs — and in his
ftrength to follow him clofely in the mea;is of grace and paths of
duty. It is his help and favour only that can tune our hearts to
praife him while we enjoy his protection.— Dreadful is the deftruc-

David's perfecutors' ruin denounced.

PSALMS.

God's kindnefs beautifully difplayed.

Before Chrift
cir. 1059,

PSALM LXIV.

This pfalm contains ( 1 ) David's earneft fupplications
for prefervation from hit enemies, who werefio fipite-
ful /* their calumniating reproaches; fo clofe and
fubtle hi their malicious plots ; and fo indujlrious and
active in executing their cruel projects ; i — 6.
(2) His predictions that God, by juft vengeance,
would quickly render thefe enemies a terror to them
felves and others, and an occafion of holy joy and confi
dence to the faints ; 7 — 10.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of
David.
ft" TTEAR amy voice, O God, in my
fc 14j.ee &91. 1 A. JL prayer: * preferve my life from fear

aPf. 27.7.^101.1.
& 130. 2. & 140.
6. cc 141. i.i. 142.
I, & 143. I, 6, 7-
bPf. i6. 1. & 1; 8.
&34-4 &3I.9—

prayer: "preferve my
. of the enemy.
eprrsr. 4. & 58. 71 2 ° Hide me from the d fecret counfel
pi'ov,'jo..4.j=r:0f the wicked ; from the infurredion of*
ipr. io.8, 9. Hab. 3. the workers of iniquity:
t pr. 56. 1. Prov. 4. 3 e Who whet their tongue like a fword,
hprov _T „ Dan 6 and bend their bows to fhoot their arrows,
W. proV. ,.',o even bitter. words :
• or>,t*. 4 That they may fhoot f in fecret at the
'?**»«*•»¦ perfect: « fuddenly do they fhoot at him,
iP£io.n.&59.7. r , r J J
zz*. 8..13. and fear not.

«-I0. & 46. 1.
«?r.56.6'&!c9.2. of the enemy.
~&?40.2.&"

Before Chrift
cir. 1017.
q PI. HI. 2. Deut.
42. 29. with If, ;..

I Thef. 5. 161-
iCor, j. ji.

It Din. 6. 4, 5. Prov.
4. 16, 17. Mic. 7.
2, 3. If. ,9. 3-15,
I Kan. 18. 10.

5 h They encourage themfelves in an
evil * matter : they commune + of laying
*tZl5&£? fnares privily; ' they fay, Who fhall fee
have thvtughlr ,i * * *
¦fart,,*. them r
iHeb.v«^/«re*. 6 They k fearch out iniquities ; * they
ipr. 5. 9- j«- 17.9- accomplifh 'I a diligent fearch: both the
*6Pi7Deut. ,». Jzt inward thought of every one of them, and
Pf. 38. 2-8. £73. ., 1 ¦ P, j J J
18-20. sc 9i. 5, 6. the heart, is ' deep.
Lam. 2. 11, ij. ' J-
iWf.1. ^ mp3ut q0(j ^ij ^QQt at them with
A'he.ar*"""i an arrow ; fuddenly * fhall they " be
*ZHVXZ*. wounded.
.L9 is'^o. ^ ^° tney * ^a^ ma^e t^1" own tongue
?.T'H4i+ah' t0 ^' upon themfelves: °all that fee
•So'r^ u"'- tnem ma^ ^ee away.
9 And Pall men fhall fear, and fhall

jer.50.2j.pf.58. 11.

declare the work of God ; for they fhall
1 wifely confider of his doing.
10 The r righteous fhall be glad in the »:
Lord, and fhall truft in him ; and all the '^FmZV;
upright in heart fhall glory.
PSALM LXV.
Here we are directed to praife God ( 1 ) For his kind
nefs, manifefted in his kingdom of grace, in hearing
prayers, in pardoning iniquities, in fatisfying the
fouls of his people with his bleffings, ana in protecting
and fupporting them in every exigence; 1—5.
(2) For his kindnefs in the kingdom of providence, in
fixing the mountains, in calming the feas, in prefierv
ing the regular fucceffion of day and night, and in
rendering the fields fruitful and the flocks numerous
and happy; 6 — 13.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm and fong
of David.
PRAISE "waiteth for thee, O God, *«•*;.*.& 78.68,
b in Zion: and unto thee c fhall the
vow be performed.
2 O thou dthat heareft prayer, unto d*«-"-n»-»'
thee fhall 'all flefh come. epr.6r>„4.&M.
c 1- r . . . ., . n 27.johm2.32.1r.
2 "iniquities prevail againft me: as £s7; Zech- «. «
for our tranfgreflions, thou flialt purge '«"-j»-4.*4o.ij.
^ , ° * r O & 25. 11. Rom. 7.
them away. %£?$%"¦
4 s Bleffed is the man whom thou f^ffff
choofeft, and caufeft to approach unto m*"W;»;«*°;«.
thee, that he may dwell in thy courts : %\l%xfsfs\.\.
we fhall be h fatisfied with the goodnefs hrrl.5.i>c,6.s.
of thy houfe, even of thy holy temple. %.it"xtlll\\
5 ' By terrible things in righteoufnefs iP^.'L'L
wilt thou anfwer us, O k God of our fal- 'flcVffsX
vation ; who art l the confidence of all the k^fl^l
ends of the earth, and of them that are 6i'5'8'
afar off upon the fea : 2s"rieb!',. ,."?
6 Who by his ftrength m fetteth faft mpr.,,^.!^
the mountains; being n girded with „«„.,.&,,, .s.
power : Gen- ,8, "t-
7 Who ° ftilleth the noife of the feas, "g^''07'

tion ofthe enemies of Jefus Chrift and his people ! But eternal fhall
be the honours, and unfpeakable the joys, of him and his children,
'while all their malicious reproachers and difcouragers fhall be filled
with aftonifhment, and ftruck into endlefs filence and confufion.
Reflections upon Psalm LXIV. — A believer's troubles
and enemies often fill his heart with fear, and drive him to his
prayers. And in every age and place the bittereft words of reproach
and infamy are liberally fhot forth againft the moft faithful faints.
Being perfecT; in J=fus' imputed righteoufnefs, and having the truth
'. of grace in uheir hearts, they are hated by the world, who cannot
bear their holy and heavenly converfation. Daring in wickednefs,
their enemies often neither fear God nor regard mart, but encou-

a Heb. is filent. PC
62. I, 5. Sc 84. 4.

ePf. 56. 12. Sr 76. 1 1.
& 66. 13, 14. &
119. ICO.

rage one another in fin; nor do they ftick at any thing to accom
plifh their malicious defigns. With what care they pry into the
faults of the godly, fuborn falfe witnefles, wreft their words, and
eke out their defamations with impudent falfehoods! but God will
at laft revenge the injuries done to his people. And when he
ftrikes home there is no efcaping. Then the reproaches of the
wicked, and their horrid imprecations, fhall draw down loads of
wrath on their own heads. And it is our wifdom to profit by the
judgments of others. Too often warnings are loft through incon-
fideration. Even perfecutors ought to learn and tremble while the
door of mercy is yet open. And faints fhould rejoice in God's
manifeftation of his power and juftice, and in their own deliver
ance ; and truft in him, and make him their glory,

Davi'd exhorts to praife God PSALMS.
cir'ioiv!1 the noife of -their waves, and the p tumult
p pf. 2. 1-5.-& 76. of the people.

-5-

10. & 124. 1-
v. 17. 12, 13.
E'zek.38. 4.25am.
xviii. xx.

8 They alfo that dwell in the isttermoft
parts are afraid at 1 thy tokens : r thou
S-iV'AJfcU makeft the outgoings of the morning and
Sc 126. 2, 3. . s ? . ° TO
rjob,8.,2.pf.„. evening + to rejoice.
s. sc ,04. 20-23. Thou viflteft the earth, and * watereft
t Or » jfrg. 7 • 1 n • • 1 1
tot after th.u hadft it: sthou greatly ennchefr it with the
made ,t u defre r-wer Q£ Qog wfjjch [s fu\\ of water : thou
6 Deft'.9,'i,e,ro,SMt' prepareft them corn, when thou haft fo
Io;.J>3,3i4-fc46r; provided for it.
10 Thou watereft the ridges thereof
i]°!dlcld\tirihe abundantly : " thou fettfeft the furrows
Jar'™ff'f . ' thereof : * thou makeft it foft with fho wers ;
'<•' ' " ' °v' thou c bleffeft the fpringing thereof.
' pf.0;;?-^7' 1 1 Thou crowneft t the year with thy
f'%5$p'°"f'i>- goodnefs ; and thy u paths drop fatnefs.
*cion<is. PK104. 3. 1 2 * They drop upon the paftures of the
wildernefs : -and" the little hills, ? rejoice
on every fide.
13 ' The paftures are clothed with
-z. ir. 55. 9-13. with flocks ; the valleys alfo are covered over
" with corn ; they fhout for joy, they alfo
-fing. PSALM LXVI.
In this pfalm of thankfgiving, in which the fate of Ifrael
is to be confider ed as typical of that ofthe gofpel church
and people of God, we have (i) David, as the mef
fenger of God, calling all the nations of mankind to
praife God for the manifeftation of his fovereign domi
nion in his works, fo wonderful in themfelves, terrible
to his enemies, comfortable to his people, and command
ing and awful to all men ; I — 7. — And for trying his
people with afflictions ; for fupporting under them,
protecting amidft them, and delivering from them at
laft; 8 — 12. (2) David, as the fervant of God,
exemplifying his own exhortations in honouring God
by coftly oblations; and by thankful declarations of
what God had done for his foul, particularly in anfwer
to his prayers ; 13 — 20.

Nah. 1. 3. Hab. 3.
JS-
X Job 38. 26, 27.
Pf. 147. 8.
J Heb. are girded
vihh hy. If. 35. I,

JtXKl. XX*lll.

117. I, 2. Exod.
xv. Judg.r. 1 Sam.
2. 1— 10, &c.

How terrible art c% %%**-*

for fupport under affiiclion.
To the chief mufician, A fong or pfalm. ¦¦I~155l
AKE a joyful noife unto God, a all .h*. ,«*,„«;
ye lands : ici'r.Wij',^.
2 b Sing forth the honour of his name : hrf -J7- I-^i-.ec
make his praife glorious
2 cSay unto God,
thou in thy works ! d through the great-, a pf. ex. & 22.27-
nefs of thy power fhall thine enemies &<¦ s^i'i.
* + fubmit themfelves unto thee. *^S.M""
4 e All the earth fhall worfhip thee, *«*•«••
and fhall fing unto thee ; they fhall fing 'V&lfiuZZ.
tl OIL. IX.&C.DM1.7.14,
to thy name, belan. ^c. z«h. ,4. ,,
5 f Come and fee the works of God: fpr.46.8.&ni.2,
he is terrible in his doing toward the chil- j!£5«3s".Js*
dren of men.
6 s He turned the fea into dry land:
they went through the flood on foot:
there did we rejoice in him.
7 h He ruleth by his power for ever ;
* his eyes behold the nations :
the rebellious exalt themfelves.

g E(mL 14. II, 22,
Jofh. 3. 16, 17.
Exod. 15. 1—19-

hDan. 4. 35. Sei.
z6,zj. Sc j. 14,

Met Selah

nOC Hab. 3. 6. ifchr.

16. 9.
8 * O blefs our God, ye people, and D°^"£>?
make the voice of his praife to be heard : i5°vo.4iV- ™'
-L 15, 16. Sc 42. 10—
9 Who m holdeth our foul in life, and £*«:£•;}:*
fuffefeth not our feet to be moved. *. &¦=.*«.. 9.s:
10 + For thou, O God, " haft proved ^nf^t
us: thou haft tried us as iilver is tried. *•&«'¦*-*.
1 1 Thou "broughteft us into the net ; ^l,.,^,,.,,,.
thou laidft affliction upon our loins. llto.ietkJit.%
12 Thou haft caufed men pto ride over^^'p?-^.1

heads

our through water

we went *» through fire and pir.5i.?j.p£ij»,
but thou broughteft us
out into a " wealthy place.
1 3 rI will go into thy houfe with burnt-
offerings : I will pay thee my vows,
1 4 Which my lips have * uttered, and
my mouth hath fpoken, s when I was in
trouble.

:— 3. Judg. iii.iv.
x. fcc. -1 Sam. iv.
xiii. xxxi.
\ If. 43. I, 2. Deuf.
8.2,3- Afts 14. 22.
(Heb. tn.fl.
rPf. 56.1a. 8c Ol. 8.
Eccl. 5. 4, 5. Ft
116. 14—19. ¦
* Heb. opened.
s Gen. 28. 20 — 12.
I Sam. 1. 11. Judr.
II. 30,31. Pf.l8.o.

Reflections upon Psalm LXV. — Patient expectations for
God fhall be fucceeded with joyful praifes of him in his church
and ordinances. And candid vows muft be followed with con
scientious fulfilment. God's readinefs to hear prayer fhould en
courage every one earneftly and hopefully to addrefs him in every
cafe; and fenfe of loading guilt or prevalent lufts ought not to
make us defpair, but to implore, believe, and admire, the par
doning and fand. tying mercy of God. Fellowfhip with God is
our greateft happinefs- And it is not our merit, but his gracious
choice and effeciual grace, that brings us to it. Nor muft it be
by traniient ftartf, but by a fixed attendance on the ordinances of
his grace, as nothing but the fulnefs of God in Chrift can fatisfy
our hungry fouls. And, however terrible the anfwer muft be
God never difappoints the prayers or hopes of his people. Where-

ever thev may be in the world, they have equal accefs to him as
their truft and falvation. Everywhere, in the works of nature,.
we may difcern the power, wifdom, goodnefs, and greatnefs, of
God. And every thing we receive from mountains, from feas?
from luminaries, from rain?, from paftures, from fields, ought,
with thankful admiration and praife, to be received as his gift.
But in thefe let me difcern, as in a figure, how he eftablifhes his
church, his ordinances, and his people. He limits, reftrains, and
directs, their raging troubles. — He enlightens, by the word of his
grace, and the influences of his Spirit. And, while Jefus, the
Sun of righteoufnefs, rifes with healing under his wings, his
fhowers of gofpel declara iens and fpiritual influences drop down
abundantly, for the noupifhment, fatisfa&icn, and joy, of his ran
fomed ones.

"Prayers for the fpread

PSALMS.

of the church.

JScfore Chrift
cir. 1.048.

1 5 I will offer unto thee burnt-facrifices
¦n. of 'fatlings, with the incenfe of rams : I
Selah.
1 6 u Come and hear, all ye that fear

will offer bullocks with goats,
~ o
* Pr. 34. 8, 11.
I J. tin I. I— j.Pf.
j^'.Tm'S's. God, and I will declare what he hath done
19. Gal. 1. 15. 16. c r 1
n-im. 1. 16. tor my loul.
"fca^pwifU 17 x I cried unto him with my mouth,
y&'4o°3,:&34'1" anc* ne y was extolled with my tongue.
2 job 11. 13-15- & J8 If I ''regard iniquity in my heart,
.36. 21. Prov. 28.9. ,, T -St" 1 L J J
if. 1 i5.jam.4.8. tne JLord will anot hear me:
"^".prVv'.^S 19 But b verily. God hath heard me:
hViVsfltt% k<? hath attended to the voice of my
;o:..&'.'6.6. prayer.
tvll8'&tZz.6- 20 c Bleffed be God, who hath not
turned away my prayer, nor his mercy
from me.

PSALM LXVII.
Here we have ( I ) David's prayer for the church of
Ifrael; 1. (2) His fupplication for the fpread of
the gofpel amo.tg the Gentiles, as the ground of great
confolation and prafc; 2 — 5. (3) His believing
projped of the divine hhffirgs, and true piety which
Jhould attend the fame; 6, 7.
To the chief mufician on a Neginoth,
A pfalm or fong.
GOD b be merciful unto us, and blefs
us ; and caufe his face c to fhine
" upon us. Selah.
2 d That thy way may be known upon
earth, thy faving health among all na
tions. 2 e Let the people praife thee, O God;
let all the people praife thee.
4 O let the nations be glad and fing
for joy: f for thou fhalt judge the people

a Pf. iv. vi. liv. Iv.
lxxvi. titles. Hab.
3.19.

kNeh.9. 17. Pf. 103.
8. If. 63. 7. Pf. 28.
9. Sc c.j. 11. Num.
6.24.
tPf. 4. 6. fc 31. 16.
& 80. 3, 19. 2 Cor.
4.6.
* Heb. vsilh.
ill. 11.9. Hab.2.14.
Pf. 98. 2, 3. Zech.
8. 23.
• Pf. 100. 1. fc 47. 1.
&117. 1. If. 24.15,
16. fc 42. IO — 12.
Deut. 32. 43. Acls
13. 47, 48.

fPf.9S.i3.&98.g. Rev. 11. 1;, 17.

Reflections upon Psalm LXVI. — With cordiality and joy
ought all men to celebrate the praifes of that God who is fo great,
and fo good to all. And, as our father's fins fhould awaken our
forrows, their mercies fhould inflame our praife. But quickly
fhall antichriftian?, and other enemies of our all-governing Lord
Jefus, be made to bow, or be deftroyed, before him ! All the trials
of churches or faints, their fupport and protection in them, and the
happy ifliie of them, ought and fhall be matter of cordial and laft-
iag praife: and to make vows in an evangelical manner, when
under trouble, is truly commendable; but much care muft always
be taken for the fpeedy and exacl: performance of them. To certify
our gratitude to God, and to encourage others in his way, we
ought prudemly to communicate our moft noted experiences of his
goodnefs and grace. No duty, performed amidft indulged wicked-
neff, can be acceptable to God. But fuch as in faith pour out
their hearts unco God, without any allowed guile, may now begin
Vol. I.

f governo

the nations

righteoufly, and
upon earth. Selah
5 s Let the people praife thee, O God ;
let all the people praife thee.
6 h 'Then fhall the earth yield her in
creafe; and God, even 'our own God,
fhall k blefs us.
7 God fhall blefs us ; and all the ends
of the earth fhall ' fear him.
PSALM LXVIII.
Perhaps this pfalm was compofed on the fame occafion as
the 24th <7w/47th, when David brought up the ark
of God to that tabernacle which he had pitched for
it in Zion; [2 Sam. vi.J We have in it (1) Fer
vent fupplications that God would fcatter and defeat
the projects of his enemies; 1,2. (2) High praifes
to him for his infinite greatnefs and grace; his righ
teous relieving of the afflicted and oppreffed; his
. directing of Ifrael in the Arabian defert; his mani-
fefting of his glory at Sinai ; his comfortable provid
ing for his people in the wildernefs, and in Canaan ;
3 — iO: for the eafy conquefi of their Canaanitifh
enemies ; his fixing his temple on mount Zion ; for
the afcenfion of Chrifl to glory, to receive gifts for
men ; ana for the fpread of the gofpel among Jews
and Gentiles, by means of the apoftles ; — while the
obflinate Jews are feverely pun feed; 11 — 32: and,
in fine, for his fupreme dominion; his awful majefty;
his mighty power; for the glory of his fanctuary,
and the grace which he beftows upon his people ;
33—35-
To the chief mufician, A pfalm or fong
of David.
LET a God arife, let his enemies be a
fcattered : let them alfo that hate
him flee r before him. *
2 b As fmoke is driven away, fo drive ^
them away: c as wax melteth before the c
fire, fo let the wicked perifh at the pre
fence of God.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

f Heb. lead.
gVer. 3. Luke 2. io,
ll. Rev. 15. j, 4.
Rom. 15. 9 — 12.
h Pf. 3(. 12 II. 1. 19.
KzeK. 14.21—17.
If. 35. 1. dc 32. 15,
16.
i Gen. 17. 7. Exod.
19. 5, 6.
kPf. 2H. 9. Sczg. If.
& 72. 17. Eph. 1. .3.
lHof. 3. 5. Mal.i.il.
Rev. 15. 4. fc II. 15*

Num. 10. 3;. pr.
44- 26.8s 45. 3— 5.
Dan. 2. 35. If. 41.
15, 16.
Heb. frim his face.
If. 9. iS. Hof. 13. 3.
Pf. 97. 5. Mic. 1. 4.
Pf. Sio. 16. & 37.
20. Rev. 6. 16, 17.
If. 64. z. Nah. 1.
2—6.

their praifes and thankfgiving, in the confidence that their requefts
are accepted, and fhall in due time bs anfwered.
Reflections upon Psalm LXVII. — God's mercy is the
fpring and matter of all the bleflings we need. His favour mani
fefted is our whole joy and comfort. And, the more kindnefs he
beftows upon any perfon or church, the more they wi<h his gofpel
and kingdom to fpread. His method of redeeming and faving men
through Chrift is health to their foul, and marrow to their bones.
It is an unfpeakable mercy to be judged and governed accordino-
to the gofpel and covenant of grace. The fervice of Chrift is the
freedom and happinefs of his people: and his government intro
duces the moft ineftimable benefits and exa!ted°praifes. What a
harveft of converted fouls the world yields when he pours forth bis
influences! And bleflings innumerable flow from a new covenant
relation to God as our God; while reverential love and holy obe-
| dience always attend the firm faith thereof!
SO

Gofs wonderful works celebrated.

PSALMS.

Ifraelites' folemn, praifes of God.

dr^ 3 But d let the righteous be glad; let
4p.58.io.&4<..,. them rejoice before God; yea, let them
Sc 97. 8. Rev. 15. . J. , . . J
3, 4. & 19- >-6- t exceedingly rejoice.
fgtinTm'h 4 c Sing unto God, fing praifes to his
e^7?6,7.ir.4l:name: ext°l him tnat frideth + upon the
o?_Ii' & "'4~ heavens by his name J AH, and rejoice
fVE'- y> m- Dem. before him.
1%. Ii. I I. 1 1. 10.
u..9...job22.,4. ^ a g father ofthe fatherlefs, and a
ferrtS;injAHisiS judge of the widows, is God in h his holy
name. J O 7 J
t pr. 10. ,4, ,8. sc habitation.
&i9'£r,84.9H- 6 'God fetteth the folitary "in fami-
h Vi. &366.''..ir' "" lies : k he bringeth out thofe which are
iisam.a-s-pr.113. bound with chains ; but ' the rebellious
tHssb. m a hlufe. dwell in a dry land.
kPf.ic7.,o.&,46. 7 O God, when thou m wenteft forth
7. AdiB 12. 4, 7. / '
ipc- 107. 3i, 40. before thy people ; when thou didft march
„.„a.'1'3' „ , through the wildernefs ; Selah:
m Judg. 4.14. Exod. . O »
j.^ «¦ Hab. j. 3. g » The earth fhook, the heavens alfo
nfxod^is jud|. dropped, at the prefence of God : ^w;?
77.18.&114.4- Sinai itfelf i^w moved at the prefence of
God, the God of Ifrael.
•™.&&5lS. 9 Thou, O God, ° didft * fend a plen-
jo,i'.. £2=11,34. tiful raia, whereby thou didft + confirm
• Heb.Arf.««. thine inheritance when it was weary.
tH*.-**a.^ IO Pxhy congregation hath dwelt
i356- 4- Exod. i9. therein: thou, O God, 1 haft prepared of
q Dem. 26. 5, 9, 10. thy goodnefs for the poor.
.ttldXZzr. * 1 The LoRD gave the word ; r great
isin^1.*'34' war the t company of thofe that publifhed
t Heb. army. ff%
*if£:iZ£''ifU. lz Kings of armies s did flee apace:
?xi!7xxx'i.jouin1.' and fhe that tarried at home divided the
vi-xiK fpoil.
t^4.p'w'of.X25d;& 13 Though ye have ' lien among the
u "' 8J, sc 0 Pots' yet fhall ye be as " the wings of a dove
37- 11. no. s. covered with filver, and her feathers with
yellow gold.
%!^3i.N1ch.,9"'t 14 x When the Almighty fcattered
u or for her, jh,u,.„. kings " in it, it y was white as fnow in
yJ-xxV.Vot 2.1! Salmon.
upr.-8.e8,69:&2. k ! The hill of God is as the hill of
O oC 40. Z.V..Z.Z. -J .
o.Gen.3,.21,23,25. Bafhan ; an high hill «i a the hill of Ba-
Deut. 3. 8, 9. rs "
man.
kS??vs * 6 whJ leaP ye' ye hish hills ? b Ms
-l^HeL^L js the hill which God defireth to dwell in;
—-4. ^ ^7
eiKiri.6.17. Deut. yea, the Lord will dwell in it forever.
17 cThe chariots of God are twenty
thoufand, * even thoufands of angels : the
dE*od.3.,.&,9 Lord is among them, as in Sinai, ain
ac,23.&24.,7. i±t holy place.
6

Heb. ia. az. Rev.
5. n.
1 Or even many
th.u ands.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

1 8 e Thou haft afcended on high, thou
haft led captivity captive: thou f haft et>h. 4.8.1-1.47. 5.-
received gifts ,+ for men ; yea, for s the 3-&'£i4-&b8.I:
rebellious alfo, that the Lord God might f?h'nI,I?;*6?J'
dwell among them. tHeb. „,,*,„,,„.
19 h Bleffed be the Lord, w/5» daily Kl7,fif6f^
loadeth us with benefits, even fhe ' God of fc^'-n^Tin,:
our falvation. Selah. ^sfffffX
20 He- that is our God «¦ the God of "h'b^',1!^
falvation ; and unto God the Lord belong ifuf^ff
k the iffues from death. fc v'ff * ": ''*
21 ' But God fhall wound the head pf h*:^1'*1-'*
his enemies, and the hairy fcalp of fuch ' «". .ro. 6. Hab. 3.
an one as goeth on ftill in his trefpaffes. **• ,'""8'*1'
22 ra The Lord faid, I will bring again %ffi£g
from Bafhan, I will bring my people again SUiT^1-"'
from the depths of the fea : nPf.58. io.Rev. 21. ig.

23 n That thy foot may be * dipped in *%<?&

the blood of thine enemies, andthe tongue, t0"'*-
of thy dogs in the fame.
24 They have feen "thy goings, O "jS's'.&S'.^.
God; even the goings of my God, my «* «¦' * & 1. '"
King, in the fancf uary.
2 <; p The fingers went before, the play- P ufl^s'^t'
3 • r, & r u 1 r J * Sam. 6.1*
ers on inftruments jollotved after; among
them were the damfels playing with tim- sich-.1fi.7_y,.
br els . 's-11- * exxxvi.
26 s Blefs ye God in the congregations, ^mlT^%lt
even the Lord, H from r the fountain of ^Prov.;8',1*:48-'
Ifrael. » *Sam. 6. I, 2.
27 'There is ( little Benjamin w//^ ^f
their ruler, the princes of judah * andtl™m™i."'Mi'
their counfel, the princes of Zebulun, and*%njf<h,'"i"m-
the princes of Naphtali.

11 Pf. 42. 8. Sc 3-j^g.
28 Thy God " hath commanded thy xpf.20.2,5 &**>
x ftrengthen, O God, ^-- ,6'17

ftrength .
which thou haft wrought for us

that

y 1 Kin. 10. u, 14,
-5. 2 Chr. 32. zj.
l'i. 72. 10. If. 6o«

Sam. viii. x.
zChr. xiv. xx. If.
x. xiii. xiv. Jer.
xlvi— li. Ezek*
xxv — xxxii.
xxxviii. xxxix-

29 y Becaufe of thy temple at Jerufalem l6,
fhall kings bring prefents unto thee.
30 z Rebuke a the company of fpear-
men, the multitude of the bulls, with the i0Tthlb,¥lt/th,
calves of the people, //'// every one fubmit "^- ia-^-^
himfelf with pieces of filver: + .fcatter + °< ^acw*.
thou the people that delight in war. bVtH:l$zi-%-
31 b Princes fhall come out of Egypt ; cPf,^7&^.4.
Ethiopia fhall foon c ftretch out her hands £¦ ? j;- J*»:
unto God. dv&e474.,.Kfef:
32 d Sing unto God, ye kingdoms ofthe fXi^t^ll
earth ; O fing praifes unto the Lord ; Selah : !?• h-14"16- *
22 To him cthat rideth upon thehea- «Krt.».*«t.i.

The terrible fufferings of David,
Before Chrift r % ... r i i 1
oir. io4s- ven ot heavens, which were of old ; lo,
tneb.ghe. he doth $ fend out f his voice, and that a
™'M:&t *T mighty voice.
e?*«.ft* 6- 34 6Afcribe ye ftrength unto God : hhis
s. Deut. ,2. 4. excellency is over Ifrael, and his ftrength
h Dent. 33- -. ,j iti the « douds.
|| Or heavens
iNeh.i.5.D«t.4. 35 O God, * thou art terrible out of thy
«.4"&«s*s'.Pr" holy places : the God of Ifrael is he k that
k%.Vi*'g£ giveth ftrength and power unto his people.
""¦«•¦* Bleffed^ God.
PSALM LXIX.
7»/j ^/o/ot « much like the 22d, reprefenting at nnce
the troubles of David and of David' s Lord, andthe
glories which followed. We have in it ( I ) Bitter
complaints of long and fere troubles ; of the malice
end multitude of enemies ; of the unkindnefs of
friends ; of general contempt ; — and thefe mingled
with candid acknowledgments of guilt, and with fup
plications for God's gracious audience and merciful
deliverance; I — 13. (2) Pleas infifted upon in
thefe fupplications, viz. the mercy and truth of God ;
the pfalmift' s own great diftrefs; the infolence and
cruelty of his enemies, and the unkindnefs of his
friends; 14 — 21. (3) Predictions ofthe ruin of
David's, and efpecially of Chrift's, Jewijh enemies ;
importing that their facrifices and their common food
Jhould be curfed to them ; that they Jhould be plagued
with judicial blindnefs and wrathful difquiet ; that
they fhould be rendered public monuments of the ven
geance of God, their church and fate being quite
unhinged and their land defolated; and, in fine, that
their ruin fhould be increafing, and their recovery
almoft impoffible; 11 — 28. (4) Under a deep fenfe
of his poverty and diftrefs, David andthe divine Son
of David celebrate the high praifes of God, and call
others to praife him for the deliverances of Ifrael ;
but chiefly for the erection of the gofpel church, and
for the certain, though ftill future, recalling of the
cir. iozi. Jews into the fame; 29 — 36.
aPi-.xiv.ix.ixxx. To the chief mufician upon aShofhan-
titles. r_
mm, A pfalm of David.
b5f £:£&*& CAVE me, Q God f for b the waters
38. John 11. 27. ""^ . r ,
KJ are come in unto my foul.

PSALMS. and of Jefus Chrif, reprefent ea
I fink in * deep mire, where there

Before Chrift
cir. iozi.

2. ver. ,4,
;. sc 18. 4, 5. If.
38. 14, 17.
1 Heb. the mice oj
depth.

is no ftanding : I am come into f deep c pr. g.
Waters, where the floods overflow me.
3 d I am weary of my crying : my
throat is dried: mine eyes fail while I f|M>.<*^ </¦¦«-
wait for my God. iKit *'?''&
4 e They that hate me without a caufe llf^f^.z-
are more than the hairs on mine head : ^j"',?'"'
they that would deftroy me, being mine eP/;.3iV. &*;,";*
enemies wrongfully, are mighty : then I £!",&**; *'£
reftored that which I took not away.
5 O God, f thou knoweft my foolifh- f V-- ^iUxfl'lli.
nefs; and my + fins are not hid from,^^
thee. 6 gLet not them that wait on thee, O ^^.'iLsV*
' 49. %\. & 61. 3,7.
Lord God of hofts, be afhamed for my «-fc*»-i&
fake : let not thofe that feek thee, be con
founded for my fake, O God of Ifrael.
7 Becaufe for thy fake h I have borne h ^V,*|?z£
reproach : fhame hath covered my face. f.8\z. \\. s°'
8 ' I am become a ftranger unto my '^.'S.'iTjfj?"*
brethren, and an alien unto my mother's $"*¦.¦*''¦&.
children. 9 k For the zeal of thine houfe hath k k^*^
eaten me up; ' and the reproaches of 1Rm^'JS 3 pf
them that reproached thee are fallen upon s°' 5U
me. 10 m When I wept, and chafened my m£n/Vfc,ki'*
foul with faffing, that was to my re- "' 34' Heb- s- 7-
1 ° n pf- 35- 13- If- Zi.
proach. ' K*-*'
1 1 "I made fackcloth alfo my garment ; owm. «s. is. wi*
and I became a proverb to them. z.'aIs47j6.
12 ° They that fit in the gate fpeak p^k-*-***^.
againft me; and I was p the fong of the'l/™$$r,tf
II drunkards. ' "j^fc!?:??/."
13 But, as for me, qmy prayer is unto >*¦;<• *•«• Heb-
thee, OLord, in r an acceptable time: O 'fctXt"'6'

Reflections upon Psalm LXVIII.-^-No hatred, no oppo
fition, of devils or men could exclude our Redeemer from his
glory. However ftrong or obftinate his enemies, they are eafily
ruined by his power. But happy — thrice happy are they who have
this high Sovereign, this glorious, this gracious, Jehovah to be
their God ' Behold, how he protects his afflicled church and people ;
raifes up families of faints in our Gentile world ; delivers the pri
foners of fin and Satan from their chains of corruptions and curfes ;
and abandons obftinate tranfgreffors to eternal ruin ! Behold him
leading up his people from their fpiritual bondage, and by his word
and Spirit directing them in their paths ! By his almighty influence
he brought down all oppofition. By fhowers of gofpel truths and
fpiritual" influences he quickened the dead, and refrefhed the weary
fouls. By the multitudes of his apoftles and minifters he publiihed
the glad tidings of falvation. By his grace he wafhed poor hell-

enflaved finners in his blood, and adorned them with his righteouf
nefs and grace. He eftablifhed his church firm and high as moun
tains which cannot be moved, and from which he will never de
part. While angelic hofts are her guard, the afcending Redeemer
is her conquering Head, her Treafury and Almoner. How great
are his triumphs, his grace, his glory! Never pardoned rebel owed
fuch gratitude to his generous prince as every pardoned finner
owes to his Lord. Never is he weary of fhew ing mercy. And
even death is difarmed to them who have an intereft in him and his
falvation. But dreadful is the fate of obftinate Jews, and others,
who oppofe the defigns of his grace : and, behold, when he went
forth in the ordinances of the gofpel by his apoftles and other mif-
fionaries, how Jews and Gentiles faw his glory,, fang his praife, and
fubmitted themfelves to his government !
5O2

Wferies ofthe Jews predicted.

PSALMS.

David's prayers for help and comfort.

Before Ch ill
cir. iozi.

s Gen, j. 20. 2 Sam. 7. 25
Pf. 40. ir.

God, s in the multitude of thy mercy
"24. 27. mc. hear me, in the truth of thy falvation.
1 4 l Deliver me out of the mire, and
'vf&ls.V^: let me not fink : let me be delivered from
Sr39,4L,He1ba,t: them that hate me, and out of the deep
7. pi. 109. 4. & ' x
124. 4, 5- & 4»- 7. waters. 15 Let not the water-flood overflow
mej neither let the deep fwallow me up,
"^"'m'ioo™;. and let not u the pit fhut her mouth upon
me.
* &3o%5 fctiff. 1 6 Hear me, O Lord ; x for thy loving-
*4' kindnefs is good : turn unto me ? ac-
jJif^WnojS cording; to the multitude of thy tender
31. 2rO. 11X0(1. 34' O
6, 7- If. 6s. 7. mercies#
'l.'liV'Scsio J7 z And hide not thy face from thy
- I7-&I43-7-&". fervant ; for I am in trouble : * hear me
•Heb. male hafle to fpeedily.
hear me. Z J
apr.io.i.&22.i- 18 a Draw nigh unto my foul, and
"9\ „,. redeem it: deliver me b becaufe of mine
b Deut. jz. 27. Pf.
13. 4- jon,. 7. 9. enemies.
'™;Zlibffz:Z}" 19 Thou haft known my c reproach,
dpr. ^2-4. & n. and my fhame, and my difhonour : dmine
adverfaries are all before thee.
sir. 53. 3, Mat. 26. 20 e Reproach hath broken my heart;
38, John i-a. 27. r J '
K22.14. ancj j am full 0f heaviiiefs: and I looked
t"itbi'.me""s" for fome + to take pity, f but there was
fpr. 142. 4. ir. 63. 5- none ; and for comforters, but I found
Mat. 26. 56. none. 21 They gave me' alfo gall for my
gjt'2w6.4johT,rk meat ; g and in my thirft they gave me
Zfilezfg' vinegar to drink.
iRom.u.91io.pf. 22 h Let their table become a fnare
28. 4. Prov. 1. 32.
Bent. 32. 13—15.
If. 8. 14, 15. ScU>.

before them : and that which fhould have
icor.'iTtj.1' 8' been for their welfare, let it become a
trap

,„.8, 23 'l Let their eyes be darkened, that

3 If. 6. 9, ic John 12.

dou^X^: they fee not ; and make their loins con
tinually to fhake.
'''Den't.ts.'i^s. 24 k Pour out thine indignation upon
&29. 18-28. & ~ ii, 1 r- 1 1
|6'St&23,Z35^i" them, and let thy wrathful anger take
L-.,ke 19. 43,4V ;n0id- on them-
$ Heb. thtir palace. _ + 1*11' • i 1 /"* 1
iHeb-bdmrnri. 25 Let + their habitation be defolate;
izlbTs if. *^ " let none dwe11 in their tents-
withlich'rf2^.59. 2^ J For they perfecute him whom thou

Reflections upon Psalm LXIX.- — While I read thefe
things, let me, with deep concern, by faith behold my Redeemer,
charged in law with my fins, and bearing their punifhment. Let
me learn with patience to run the race of holy obedience, and of
neceffary trials, fet before me, looking to Jefus as my pattern, and
as the author and finifher of my faith. While I behold the tre
mendous feverity of God's judgments againft his ancient people.

Before Chrift
cir. iosi.

haft fmitten; and they talk to the grief
of * thofe whom thou haft wounded. *neb.,h, wound,/.
27 m Add n iniquity unto their iniquity: "l^**™*1*
and let them not come into thy righ- ^-^w- '
t~ r - ¦ -ts.Or punifhment of
teoutnef s. ™^o *™. g,
28 ° Let them be blotted out of the 0 Exod. 32.32. Rev.
book of the living, and not be written ^VcVi-'is
4. 1.
with the righteous.
29 p But I am poor and forrowful: *%&%.%$*
qlet thy falvation, O God, fet me up on ^ffg^0-^

high

26—28. & 22. 27
-31. & 110. 1— 7.

20 r I will praife the name of God with r pf- >«• «• & «-
•> ,r ... .r . . . , «, 25. & 40.1-3,
a fong, and will magnify him with 9'""
thankfgiving. 1 s This alfo ihall pleafe the Lord ^T&^l*

&' . — O' HoT.
-j j. J. s-isj ci.j.j.vy i.e.**. ^A^iti.'^ vij.w '-.u^^' o, 0. 6c 14. 2. Jer.
better than an ox or bullock that hath L"'23'Hof14-

t Or meeh,ist affiled.
12—14. &
&132.
7. Afls
lv. v. xii.

horns and hoofs.
32 ' The "I- humble fhall fee this, andbe ' *g-J||
glad : and your heart fhall live that feek ™-ni
God. 22 " For the Lord heareth the poor, u vftj,%
and defpifeth not his prifoners. iv.'v.xii.'
34 x Let the heaven and earth praife "lifi1^.
him, the feas, and every thing that ^i/'44'1''*
y moveth therein. y get T^'
2 c l For God will fave Zion, and will zpr.s1.18.1r.44.
«/ J ' 20. tri. 101. 13, io.
build the cities of Judah : that they may *£*..'.'*<.*.
dwell there, and have it in poffeffion.
26 a The feed alfo of his fervants fhall ^tfsf.'cM.'zs.t'
. O . . , . . , . . 60.21. & 44. 3, 4.
inherit it : and they that love his name
fhall dwell therein.
PSALM. LXX.
This pfalm is much the fame as the five laft verfes ofthe
40th. In it David prays (1) For divine help to
himfelf; I, 5. (2) For fhame and confufion to his
enemies; 2, 3. (3) For joy and comfort to his
friends; 4.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of David,

a to bring to remembrance.

a Pf. 38. title.'

M

Lord.

'AKE hafle, b O God, to deliver bff&'#i*g
me ; make hafte * to help me,, O »Heb. <.*»*</>.

2 c Let them be afhamed and con- n-fc6.10.fc.09.

ePf. 3;.4,26.&7J.
13.&6

for rejecting and murdering his Son, let me not be high minded,,
but fear. — Let me behold the grace of our Lord Jefus Chrift, who,
though he was rich, yet for our fakes became poor, that we
through his poverty might be made rich. — And let me be a living
and lively member of that church which is founded in his blood>
and blefled in him with all fpiritual bleffings.

.David's prayer for, $nd hopes of , deliverance PSALMS.

from Abfalom and his accomplices.

Before Chrift
cir. iozi.

founded that feek after my foul : let them
be turned backward, and put to confu
fion, that defire my hurt.
3 Let them be turned back for a re
ward of their fhame that fay, Aha, aha.
*™tt\?*i?&%. 4 d Let all thofe that feek thee rejoice
if ^'if'ti^S anc^ ^e g^d in thee : and let fuch as love
lxv. xivi. ^y falvation fay continually, Let God be
magnified.
"fclc^'i?^ 5 e But I am poor and needy ; make
j^fcTj-Vi'-fc hafte unto me, O God : thou art my help
h and my deliverer; O Lord, make no

tarrying. P S A L M LXXI.
This pfalm was probably penned on- the occafion of Abfa
lom's rebellion ; as pfalms 3d, 4 2d, 43d ; or of Sheba' s
confpiracy; [2Sam.xx.] And contains (r) David's
firm confidence in God, encouraged by manifold expe-
, riences of his gracious kindnefs; 1,3,5 — 7. (2) His
fervent prayers, that he might never be ajhamed,
but might be delivered; might find reft in God; might
have conftant matter of new praifes and thankfgiv-
ings afforded him ; might not be forfaken of God in
his old age ; and that his numerous, powerful, and
crafty, enemies might be confounded with fhame and
perplexity; 1 — 13, 18. (3) His confident and joy
ful expectations of God's further kindnefs, particu
larly that God would never forfake but revive him ;
that he would increafe his honour and comfort, and
put his enemies to fharn'. — And hereupon he refolves,
with admiring rap ure, to extol God's righteoufnefs
and falvation, and his new covenant relation to him
felf and to Ifrael; 14 — 24.
IN a thee, O Lord, do I put my truft;
let me never be put to confufion.
2 b Deliver me in thy righteoufnefs,
& and caufe me to efcape : c incline thine
55. 16. & 59. 1. ear un(-0 me? aad fave me.
d Heb. he thou tome at-, .1 n 11'.
ferarociefbatnta. 2 Be thou my ftrong habitation,
Hon. Pf. 31. 12. Sc D J O '
V,cl".t\.'£:s' whereunto I may continually refort :
«pr.44.4.&4s.8. e thou haft given commandment to fave
&68. 28.fc91.11. O iir-
*«•* ' me ; for thou art my rock and my fort-
refs.

from the womb : thou art he that took
me out of my mother's bowels : my praife
fhall be continually of thee.

Before Chrift
cir. 102 1.

7 1 1 am as a wonder unto many ; k but iz,ccoV?'4?'<

»Pf. 31. 1, fc 25. 2,
3. Sc 34. 22. I Chr.
5. 20. Rom. 9. 33.

kP/.3I.2.&7.8.& .IS. 20,23. fc 43.1.
& 56. I.

4 f Deliver me, O my God, out of the

fPf. 7. 1. & 17. 8, 9,
-13, & 54. 1, 3. Sc
u°!i,4.&V42.6. hand of the wicked, out of the hand of
spr.i3.5.&3i.i4. the unrighteous and cruel man.
8i,4i66"& i,"95, r por s thou art my hope, O Lord
7. & 22. 9, 10. 3 ¦*- j r »
iTim. 1. 1. God: thou art my truft from my youth.
j!"j£.*'Vfc*: 6 h Bv thee have I been holden up
z. Prov. 8. tj. J *¦

Reflections upon Psalm LXX. — While here alfo I behold
Jefus Chrift in great debafement, poverty, and diftrefs, denouncing
juft and fearful punifhment on his Jewifh, Heathen, Antichriftian,
and other enemies j and interceding for.jhe joy and happinefs of his

qPf. 6. 10. &35. 4,

iZceh. 3.8. If. S. 18.
I Cor. 4. 9.
thou art my ftrong refuge. kf.f'&40:t'.1:"('
8 ' Let my mouth be filled with thy 1 ]nb tt. 2,. w. ,o4.
praife and with thy honour all the day. \'nfz.Hi' 2'
9 m Caft me not off in the time of old m^lfl:T£
age ; forfake me not when my ftrength hod^'sIpi-?*
faileth. 10 n For mine enemies fpeak againft "l^fA*"'*
me; and they that * lay wait for my foul T~H' &17'I~
take counfel together, * lfnT'h' °r
11 Saying, ° God hath forfaken him: o pr. 3. ». & 4,. «.
r ill- r 7 ¦ 2 Sam. 17. 1,2. Pf.
perfecute and take him, for there is none ,JLI"94'&'fft?;n
to deliver him.
1 2 O p God, be not far from me : O V^'/s9^'.'?:
my God, make hafte for my help.
13 q Let them be confounded and con- - 26. & 4p. ,4-.-fc
fumed that are adverfaries to my foul : let $f<*>- %¦'* nl-
them be covered with reproach and dif-
honour that feek my hurt.
14 rBut I will hope continually, and'' if aVi^i*
... T 1 1 '°4 "' 34- & 103-
will yet praile thee more and more. 1-18.&145.2.
15 s My mouth fhall fhew forth thy '£¦£££¦£.$
righteoufnefs and thy falvation all the l4S•^•1,¦&,46•
day ; for ' 1 know not the numbers tPtr-f- 5. & 139-171
thereof. 16 u I will go in the ftrength of the " Ste;!^
Lord God : I will make mention x of thy ?£hiTim°'af J"
righteoufnefs, even of thine only. 'Zm&iiti&.lt
1 7 O God, y thou haft taught me from ^ usf^
my youth: and hitherto '* have I declared. J^^.^;.
thy wondrous works. ^.Vp^m.
1 8 Now alfo, a when I am old and z^-4£-9'5I°-Js.fc
grey-headed, O God, forfake me not ; JtV* "" &
b until I have fhewed c thy ftrength unto »Heb.a*.ri!i«r<
J O and grey hairs.
this generation, and thy power to every See ver- ¦>•
°» J C J Whit. I. 6. Heb. 13.
one that is to come. s- if- 38. y- pi.
145. 4. &7S. 4— -6,
19 d Thy righteoufnefs alfo, O God,: is eKeb.thin.arm.
very high, 'who haft done great things : ''SI'9' c „
jo* o o d pf. 36 5, 6. ir. j.
O God, who z'j-like unto thee I i6.2cor.5-2..
20 Thou, f who haft fhewed me great c ?'¦ &¦*'¦£ 4'X
n . e> _ s. & 35-10.
and fore troubles, fhalt quicken me again, fpr.6a3.2sam.12.
and fhalt bring me up again from the Deu^.io't?.
, , - , ° , r a pv. 41. s, 11. &
depths of the earth. $• v* 8!!- 6- lf-

friends ; to his Father's honour, let me apply thefe things to my
own troubled circumftances, and fo in a believing manner bring
them, and the finful caufes thereof,, to my remembrance. Urgent
trials fhould always awaken fervent prayers,.

The glories ofthe reign of Solomon,

PSALMS.

Before Chiift
cir. 1 02 1,

2 1 g Thou flialt increafe my greatnefs,
ezsarn.j.i.Pi.oi. and comfort me on every fide.
hP^7S.C&io8. 22 h I will alfo praife thee + with the
SA-txr1' pfaltery, even "• thy truth, O my God :
^rte^'of'^. u.nt° ^ee will I fing with the harp, O
¦k holy One of Ifrael.

iPf. 25. 10.&115. thou
J9. i,¥"' ' 23 'My lips fhall greatly rejoice when

'•'J-"' ££¦£*. I fing unto thee; and my foul, which

J6.&57.1 11. 15-

1 Pf. 30. 12. & 145.
21. & 103. 1,2. fc
104. 33, 34. Luke
I. 46, 47, 64-
mVer. 13. Pf. 58.10.

thou haft redeemed
24 My tongue alfo fhall talk of thy
righteoufnefs all the day long : for they
&68.^V*$i?: are confounded, m for they are brought
%z'l:'£- J' K' unto fhame, that feek my hurt.
PSALM LXXII.
This pfalm was compofed by David about the time of
Solomon's inflalment on the throne of Ifrael; I Kings
i. ii. IVith refpecl to him, here is (1) Fervent
prayer for proper qualifications to furnifh him for go
vernment; 1. (2) Predictions of the peace, glory,
extent, wealth, duration, and happinefs, of his govern
ment; 2 — 17. (3) Praifes to the God of Ifrael for
his mercies to his people; 18, 19. But, as our Re
deemer is principally intended, we have, concerning
him, l His being furnijhed with the Holy Ghoft above
meafure, to qualify him for his work; 1. * The
glories of his government; how righteous, prudent,
orderly, condefcending, merciful; how deftructive to
oppreffors ; how efficacioufty productive of real reli
gion ; and how comfortable to his faithful fubjects ;
bis adminiftrations are ! 2 — 9. How extenfive his
church among all ranks and nations! how tender
¦his care of the meaneft of his fubjects! how much he
is revered and adored by them I how aftonifhing their
-increafe, by means of his gofpel truth preached! and
how permanent and ufeful his government! 10 — if,
5. 3 A folemn afeription of all the praife of thefe
wonderful works to God alone, with an earneft re
queft, and believing expectation, that his glory fhall
fill the whole earth; 18, 19.

«.0r»/. a 1 Chr. 29. 19.
zChr. 1. 10. If. II
z John 3. 34. Heb.
7. 26. & 1. 8.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.

3. 18. Jer. j 1. ia.
Ezek. 34. 13, i4,
26.

and efpecially fefus Chrift.
righteoufnefs, and thy poor with judg
ment. 3 c The mountains fhall bring peace to cVsc^VtV\f)'Z\
the people, and the little hills, by righ
teoufnefs. 4 d He fhall judge the poor of the .^["iSttt^n
people, he fhall fave the children of the ,C9'3''
needy, , and e fhall break in pieces the 'ff^wlZflZf.
oppreflbr. 5 f They fhall fear thee as long as the u8%$£&k
fun and moon endure, throughout all , li-'fcv"""^?.
generations. 6 gHe fhall come down like rain upon g*|f7;t&4-9p™';
the mown grafs ; as fhowers that water '
the earth.
7 h In his days fliall
flourifh ; and abundance of
long as the moon endureth.
8 ' He fhall have dominion alfo from
fea to fea, and from the river unto the
ends of the earth.
9 k They that dwell in the wildernefs
fhall bow before him ; and his enemies
fhall lick the duft.
1 o l The kings of Tarfhifh and of the '/£#? '£. "&&?'
ifles fhall bring prefents : the kings of
Sheba and Seba fhall offer gifts.
Yea, m all kings fhall fall down *%$?,;%%

5. ic 19.
. 32. 2. B
14. 5. If. 43.3— s.

the righteous *?*&;£?]* Luke 2. 14. John

peace

tfo

f Heb. till there be
no moot!.
X 1 Kin. 4. 21,24. If.
II. Of 10. Rev. iu
15. Pf. 22. 27—31.
& 67. 3, 7.

k 1 Kin. 4.34. & 9.
20,2J.PfTlI0.I— •
7. If. 49.23. Mic,
7. 17.

29. U.60. 6. & 4J»
6.

1 1

b If. II. 4. Sc 32. I.
ver. 12—14. PI*-
82. 3, 4.

A pfalm # for Solomon.
GIVE a the king thy judgments, O
God, and thy righteoufnefs unto
the king's fon.
He fhall judge thy people with

21.
Dan.
before him : all nations fhall ferve him. sc^zj-fiT"" 12. pr. 102.
Sc 1C9. 31..
If. 41. 17. Zech.
II. 7, II. Luke 19.

12 "For he fhall deliver the needy "{*%_
when he crieth ; the poor alfo, and him
that hath no helper.

needy, needy.

He fhall fpare the poor
and fhall fave the fouls of the

j oHeb. 2.17. Mat. ir.
and 5.&18. 11. &-g.

13. Sc zi. 9.

14 PHe fhall redeem their foul from "fig0, f^f

n n Mat. 20. 28. Tit.
and precious Ihall 2. i4. r«. s. 9.

n b

deceit and violence
their blood be in his fight.
15 i And he fhall live, and to him *Heb.™<>;»><,
* fhall be given of r the gold of Sheba
o o

9 Rev. 1. 18. Heb. 7.'
25. John 11. 25.

r 1 Kin. 10. 15. Mat.
2. 11.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXI. — They who know God,
and his faithfulnefs and grace, will, with comfort and confidence,
be engaged to truft him in every time of need. The more we
reflect on what God hath done for us, it will the more engage our
rruft and animate our praife. In the depth of our mifery God de
lights to magnify his mercy. And they who confidently plead his
faithfulnefs fhall never be difappointed. In old age we muft expect
infirmities; but God can give an increafe of faith and patience to
bear them. His aged fervants are never caft ofF by him : but,
when they experience, moft weaknefs, they fhall moft affuredly
experience abundant fupport in time of need. He may afflict his
people, but can never reject them. Their enemies may boaft in(

vain a while, but juft ruin fhall reward them at laft. Happy they
whofe grand fupports are the power and promife of God, and
whofe early and long continued experience of his favours encou
rages them to maintain their hopes and increafe in their hoiinefs.
And, if we hope for eternal happinefs, let us do what we can to
fpread the honour and good favour of Chrift on earth. For how
becoming is it for aged faints to be remarkable in cheerfully, ex
pecting good at the hand of God; and to have heart, and lips,
and life, all filled with his praife! How pleafant is it to ftep as it
were into heaven, fcarcely needing to change either our work or
our fong!

Afaph envies the

PSALMS.

profperity of finners ;

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.
s Song 8. 1. ver. 19,
Mat. 6. 10. Rev.
22. 20.
tMark 16. 15. If. 2.
z, 3. 2Thei, j. 1.
Rev. 7. 4,9. Zech.
8. a. II. 44. 3— 5.

* prayer alfo fhall be made for him con
tinually ; and daily fhall he be praifed.
1 6 ' There fhall be" an handful of corn
in the earth upon the top of the moun
tains; the fruit thereof fhall fliake like
Lebanon : and they of the city fhall flou-
rifh like grafs of the earth.
Bjer^6.&pl'8t 17 u His name fhall II endure for ever :
11 Lb. jtfhe.' his name fhall x be continued as long as
k Heb. he.ronned, or the fun : y and men fhall be bleffed in him :
f reduce children he- . /ill 111- 1 1 rr 1
¦fl'vi/Jii'tif-i. a" nations fhall call him blefied.
18 l Bleffed be the Lord God, the

A pfalm *' of Afaph
RULY t ^ God is good to

"Sc 22. 27—31. If.
2.2,3.

*?8enkph'.3i'.t "V. G°d of Ifrael, who only doth wondrous

Z Gen. 9. 26. 1 Chr.
29. 10. Pi. 136. 4.
&86.8.&b9.6,8.
a If. 1 1. 9, 10. Hab,
. Dan. 2. 35

things. 19 And bleffed be his glorious name

good
even to fuch as are +of a

Ifrael,
b clean

were nigh

blob 31. 40. Jer. 5r.
£4. with iKin. 2.

for ever ; and let a the whole earth be filled
J-'zechTii's3.5' with his glory. Amen and amen.
Rev. 11. 15. Q J
20 b The prayers of David the fon of
Jeffe are ended.
PSALM LXXIII.
This pfalm and the ten following are called Pfalms of
Afaph ; but whether becaufe he compofed moft of them,
or becaufe he led the muflc in finging them, is not alto
gether certain. Here we have (i) The great foun
dation of all religion, viz. the goodnefs of God to his
people, ftrongly afferted; I. (2) The pfalmift' s
faith fearfully Jhaken by the confideration of the free
dom, 'profperity, plenty, and apparently peaceful death
of the wicked ; which rendered them proud, opprefi-
ftve, infolent, atheiftical, and profane, while himfelf
was in a manner conflgned to nothing but trouble;
2 — 13. (3) The temptation, when it had reduced
him to the brink of Atheifen, is broken by a difcovery
of the connected purpofes and providences of God in
his word and ordinances; 14 — 20. (4) His im
provement of his fall and recovery, to promote a deep
fenfe of his own meannefs, ignorance, and folly ; a com
plete dependence on God as his guide ; and a cleaving
to him as his portion ; infinitely preferable to every
thing elfe ; — without whom he muft be neceffarily
miferable, and in the enjoyment of whom he is affured
of happinefs, and excited to praife and thankfgiving;
21 — 28.

T
heart. 2 But, as for me, c my feet
almoft gone ; my fteps had well
flipped. 3 d For I was envious at the foolifh,
when I faw the profperity of the wicked.
4 e For there are no bands in their
death ; but their ftrength is II firm.
5 f They are not * in trouble as other fljeb^,l,s-
men ; neither are they plagued "t like other •Hrt.«.t&
J ST O 0/ other m
mell. f Heb. with,
6 g Therefore pride compaffeth them eeccls.h. d
about as a chain ; violence covereth them

Before Chrift
cir. IC20.
» Or/.r.
t Or ret.
a Pf. 34. 8—10. Sc
84. 11. & 85. 12.
If. 63. 7 — 9. Luke
22. 32.
$Heb. clean of heart.
b John 3. J. 2 Cor,
5. 17. Tit. 3. 5.
cRom. 7. 23. Pr. 95?
18. Ic 38. 16.
d Job 21. 7. Pf. 37.
1, 35. Jer. 12. I.
e Job 21. 9, 23—25-.
II Heb. fat.

32. 15. Job 21.7—
15.&24. 2— 4. If.
59. 6.

as a garment

7 h Their eyes ftand out with fatnefs: ^'^Mf/g^ft
* they have more than heart could wifh.
8 ' They are corrupt, and fpeak wick
edly concerning oppreffion : they fpeak
loftily. 9 k They fet their mouth againft the
heavens, and their tongue walketh through
the earth.
1 o Therefore his people ' return hither: '^Icii.li.u!'"'
and m waters of a full cup are wrung out mver. 4,7,12. job
. *¦ P 21. 7—13. or Job
to them. 1 1 And they fay, n How doth God
know ? and is there knowledge in the

% Heb, thtjpafs the
thoughts oj the heart.
ijer. 5. 28. If. 59.13.
Pf. 14. 1—4. Prov.
30. 12— 14. Hof. 7.
16.

k Exod. 5. 2. Job 21.
14, iv Rev. 13. ti.
Pf. 10. 7. If. 37.
17, 23-

there knowledge in
Moft High ?
120 Behold, thefe are the ungodly,
who profper in the world ; they increafe
in riches. 1 3 p Verily I have cleanfed my heart
in vain, and wafhed my hands in inno-
cency

xix. xxx. ver. 14.
n Ver. q. Job 22. 73,
14. Pi. .10. 11. &
94.7. Zeph. 1, fez>

0 jdbxxi. xxiv. Pf.
17. 10,14. & 37.7,
35. Jer. iz. 1.

p Mal. 3.14. Job2r.
15. & 34, 9. &35v
3. with Pf. 26. b.
& 24. 4. Heb. 10.
19 — 22,

q Job vi. vii. x. xix.
xxx. Amm 3. 2. "
14 1 For all the day long have I been fp^";5"""

Reflections upon Psalm LXXII. — Behold how Jefus
Chrift, endowed with the Holy Ghoft above meafure, and with
all power in heaven and earth, reigns over his gofpel church ! In
infinite equity and wifdom he conducts his whole adminiftration.
By his righteoufnefs he purchafed, by his interceffion he procures,
and by his word, ordinances, and Spirit, he confers on men, peace
with God, peace in the confeience, and with one another. Poor
deftitute finners he fupplies from his fulnefs of bleffings, and deli
vers them from the hand of fin, Satan, and the world, their op
prefibrs. His fpiritual influences, coming down in their feafon,
fhall render his fubjects flourifhing and fruitful in hoiinefs. And
how extenfive his gofpel church, comprehending both Jews and
Gentiles — the wildeft Arabs and moft diftant iflanders not ex
cepted! In it perfons of every ftation, but chiefly of the poor, fub

mit to his yoke, and devote themfelves, and all that they have, to
his fervice. Earneft are their prayers for his prefence and power
in his ordinances, and for his coming in the clouds ; and high their
fongs of praife to his name. What commendations of him are in
the word of the gofpel ! From him the corn of wheat, fown in
death upon Calvary, and from the handful of gofpel truth, fown
among hardened hearts, fhall proceed converts, ftrong and tall in
grace as the cedars of Lebanon, and numerous as the piles of
grafs. How lafting is his kingdom, and how certainly ufeful for
difFufing every fpiritual bleffing among his accurfed brethren of
mankind! United to his perfon, and iharing of his benefits, let
us wifh well to his interefts and honour, and admire, adore, and
praife, Jehovah in him, as the author of all the wonders of provi
dence and grace.

Afaph is gracioufly

Before Chrift
Cir. IG2Q.
\\\\-do.my zkciftifemtnt
was.
r Mal. 2. 8. Mat. iS.
6, 7, Hub. 12. 13.

sR.om.11. 33. Pf. 36.
6-.& 77. ig-& 97.
z. Ecci. S. 17.
Prov. 30, 2.
•*T3eb. it was /fl^sMJ-
/n mine eja.
tPf. 77.13. & 68. 24.
&i'9.oS,n8.& 37. 38.
u Deut. r?. 35. Pf.
35.6.^:7 3S,]6
3«. & 55. 23. Sc
94.23. Jer. 23. 12.
x Job 10. 5. Pf. 58. 9.
11.3:1. 13. Jer. 51.
37. Rev. IS. 10.
job 20. 22—28.
I inei'. j. 3.

V If. 29. 7, 8. Job 20.
8. PI. 7. 6. &78.
65. Job. 36. 18, 19.

zPf. 37. 1,7-Jer.l2.
1. ver. I, 2.

a P '. 92. 6, 7. Prov.
30. 2, 3. Eccl. 3. 18.
f Heb. I hew not,
% Heb. with thee.
b Heb. 13. 5. Pf. |7.
24, 28. & 16. 8. &
21. 3, 8. |ohn 10.
28, 19. 1 Pet. I. 5.
Jude 1, 7.4.
ePf. ji. 8. & 48. 14.
John 14. 3. 2 Cor
5. 1.2'lim 4.7, a.
dPf. 35. 10 &B9.6,
' 8. & 16. 5-^7. &
142. 4, 5. II. 26.
8,9-
ePr. 84.2. & 1 19. Si
— 83. Sc 39, 10,11.
Sc 102. 3 — 5. l-f.
18. 2. & 28. 8. If.
40. 29, 31. 'L-: ...
' JO. 12.
|| 'Heb. rock.
f Pf. 16.5,6. &119.
57. & 142. 5. Lam.
3. 24. PI. 84. 11,
12.

plagued, and tl chaftened every morn

PSALMS.: 'delivered at laft
27 For, lb, *they that are far from thee

ing.

15 If I fay, I will fpeak thus ; behold,
r I fhould offend againfl the generation of
thy children.
1 6 s When I thought to know this,
'* it was too painful for me ;
1 7 ' Until I went into the fan£luary of
God ; then underftood I their end.
1 8 Surely u thou didft fet them in flip
pery places : thou caftedft them down
into deftruction.
1 9 * How are they brought into def
lation, as in a moment ! they are utterly
confumed with terrors.
20 Y As a dream when one awaketh ;fo,
O Lord, when thou awakeft, thou fhalt
defpife their image.
2 1 z Thus my heart was grieved, and
I was pricked in my reins.
22 a So foolifh was I, and + ignorant ;
I was as a beaft * before thee.
2 q Neverthelefs, b I am continually with
thee : thou haft holden me by my right
hand. 24 c Thou fhalt guide me with thy
counfel, and afterward receive me to
25 d Whom have I in heaven but thee?
and there is none upon earth that I defire
befide thee.
26 e My flefh and my heart faileth : but
God is the H ftrength of my heart, and
f my portion for ever.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXIII. — In our perplexing dif
ficulties we ought to recur to the firft principles of our moft holy
faith. And never fhould we lofe the views of God's kindnefs to
thofe who are wafhed in the blood, and fandHfied by the Spirit, of
his Son. Often the ftrongeft believers are moft violently tempted,
and dragged to the very brink of death and deftruftion; while God
in this world marks his enemies and friends in the moft perplexing
manner. Whom he hates he profpers to their ruin; and whom
he loves he corrects and fcourges for their profit. What need
then have we to attend clofely to his word as our rule; and amidft
perplexing providences to wait till we fee the end of the Lord!
The worft that a good man hath is better than the profperity of
many wicked, which but ripens them for everlafting ruin, and
haftens them into it. But, whatever fad lengths the afflictions
and temptations of the godly draw them, they will iffue in their
inftruclion, humiliation, comfort, and hoiinefs. When atheifti
cal though^ arife in our hearts, they muftbe carefully and quickly
fuppreffed. We muft never grieve nor fkimble the children of
God by reprefenting his fervice as vain and unprofitable. And it

before Chrift
cir. 1020.
fliall perifh : thou haft deftroyed all them g pi. s8. ,. iiPh. z;
that h go a whoring from thee. ftft ¦
„ £ ; . . °.- - . hSxod. 34.15. Num.
28 But it is good for me to draw near py y,ag%4; 4"
to God: kI have put my truft in the i?r-i4-8-&6s.4,
^^^ ii Lam. 2. itr. *A.
Lord God, that I may declare all thy
works.

Lam. 3. 25, 26.
Jam. 4. 8.
k Pf. 31. 14, Sc 27I
14. Job 35. 14. P£
71. 5-24.

PSALM LXXIV.
This pfalm relates to the deftruction of the city' and
temple of Jerufalem by the Chaldeans, or to fome ftmi
lar dif after by the Syro-Grecians, &c. In it "we
have ( 1 ) The church's bitter complaints of God's
difpleafure ; of the outrage of their enemies ; and of
their apparent hopelefs fltuation; I — II. (2) Strong
and heart- encouraging pleadings with God, upon the
account of his relation to them, and of the great things
he had done for them ; that hi was at once their
God and the God of nature ; and that therefore he
would remember to execute juft vengeance upon his
fworn enemies, and grant help and relief to his cove
nant people ; 1 2 — 23.

o

a Mafchil of Afaph.
GOD, bwhy haft thou

caft

a Or A pfa/m for A-
faph to give Injlruc-
ti*n. Pi'. 1. xxxii.
title.
jr/r bPf. 10. 1.&13. 1—
US 3- & 60. 1-3.

ger

againft

why doth thine an- cir.io.5.pf.78.58,
j | j-. r- 1 59- De"1. 29. 20.
the lheep of thy *3*-"-*s.
ii Pf. 95. 7. Sc 100. j.

off for ever ?
fmoke
pafture ? 1
2 Remember c thy congregation, which ll'JS-™'-1*1^
thou haft purchafed of old; the f rod of fori*. Deut.32.
thine inheritance, which thou haft re- '«•*'•
deemed ; this s mount Zion wherein thou %%1%^'is.%%.
haft dwelt.
2 h Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual
defolations ; even all ' that the enemy
hath done wickedly in the fanctuary.
4 k Thine enemies roar in the midft of ^^-^i-^-n
s 4,0. IJ jr.. 9. 27.

hPf.68.i.&44.2j, 26. & 8o.i-76. &
143. 7.
iVer.7.Pf.7o.,. I Kin. 14. 26.
2 Kin. 25. Q, ij—
17. Rev. xiii.

is not the ftrongeft carnal reafoning, but fellowfhip with God in
his word and ordinances, that can illuminate a darkened foul, or
difentangle from an enfnaring temptation. Great is the mercy
when God relieves his children, who had by their envy and fret-
fulnefs become their own tormentors ; and that even at their worft
he never ceafes to attend and fupport them, as weak infants in his
family. But bright views of God and eternal things are fometimes
ufhered in by great darknefs and trouble of mind. Hoiinefs here
and glory hereafter are clofely connected. And little reafon hath
one guided of God, and an heir of everlafting happinefs, nay of
God himfelf, and a joint heir with Chrift, to envy the earthly
happinefs of the wicked. How infignificant other things appear
when compared with the everlafting enjoyment of the infinite
All, the redeeming Godhead! How light and eafy are death
and trouble when confidered as our way to it! While apoftates
from God haften towards endlefs perdition, let me therefore draw
near to him, in habitual fellowfhip with him. Let me by kith
depend on his promife, that here and hereafter my lips may be
filled with his praife. ,, 8

'the calamities of the Jews lamented.

PSALMS.

Supplications for deliverance.

Before Chrift
cat. 102 1.

thy congregations ; they fet up their en-
' figns for figns.
5 Aman was famous, according as he
1,,4-36'.S,IS'&6' l had lifted up axes upon the thick trees.
mi Km. 6. is, 29, 6 But now they break down ra the
32, 35. with Jer. J
46.22,23. carved work thereof at once with axes
and hammers.

7 n They have caft fire into thy fanc-

nWeb.fheyhave fent
thy fanctuary Into -
g!&ltjfts' tuary ; they have defiled by cafling down
the dwelling place of thy name to the

oPf. 83. 4. Efth. 3.9.
Pf. 137. 7.
* Heb. break.

ground.

Ads 13. 5.

q I Sam. 3. I. Amos
8. 11. Mic. 3. 6.
if. 42. 20.

8 They faid in their hearts, ° Let us
deftroy them together: they have burned
pTs?Luke*4:*44. UP au" tne pfynagogues of God in the
land. 9 q We fee not our figns : there is no
more any prophet ; neither is there among
us any that knoweth how long.
rpc 44.16. & 89.50, 10 O God, rhow long fhall the adver-
51. If. 37. 4, 23. ' o
Rer.1j.4_6. ^^ j-gpj-oac^ ? fhan the enemy blafpheme
thy name for ever?
S2am&'83'6^io1' JI sWhy withdraweft thou thy hand,
6s- pw. 19.24.' even thy right hand ? pluck // out of thy
bofom.
•^i?.!,^- 12 'For God is my King of old,
si.7, 9- nab. 3. ij wor]iing falvation ir\ the midft of the
earth. 13 u Thou didft + divide the fea by thy
t Heb. br,ai,. ftrength : thou x brakeft the heads of the
*£&£.%?!:_* dragons in the, waters.
g',"EiofiI4'z8' 14 Thou brakeft the heads of levia-
t or whales. than in pieces, and gaveft him to be
y Nnm^. 9. Exod. y meat to the people inhabiting the wil
dernefs.
ZEXOfi.i7.5.Num. 15 Thou z didft cleave the fountain
¦$'48.' «:105'41' ancj the flood: a thou driedft up " mighty
a Jofli. 3. 13. 2 Kin.
1. 8, 14. if. 44. 27. rivers.
*fr)neih!r"f 16 b The day is thine, the night alfo
* Gen. I., 4_ ,6. & is thine : thou haft prepared the light and
8.22. Pf. 8. 3- fc F F
1j6.7_9.Mat.5- the fun.

uExod. 14.21. Neh,
9. 11. Pf. 66. 6.

1 7 c Thou haft fet all the borders of ^l\ol'u
the earth : thou haft d made fummer and cAas17.26-pr.24. 1, 2. & 136. 6.
winter. Deut. 32. s.
18 e Remember this, that the enemy d Sen. iz'flJs^'
hath reproached, O Lord, and that the cVer,^,Pr.3g.SD)
foolifh people have hlafphemed thy ^ReViV'*
name. 1 9 O deliver not the 'foul of thy f turtle- {spi.\Z&'&
dove unto the multitude of the wicked: iffy*1- .*• •)¦'
J li. DO. 8.
forget not the congregation of thy poor
for ever.
20 b Have refpecl unto the covenant ; E8-,i,7je7r'.?3.«:
for the h dark places ofthe earth are full defe. ffi*-'
1 1 Km. 46. 50.
ofthe habitations of cruelty. hProv.29.1s.Eph.
21 'O let not the oppreffed return p'r'i'i.1;,1!.'4- '
afhamed : let the poor and needy praife iF^:\3;.%"oz.\f,
.1 20, 21. Rev. 19.
thy name. 1,*.
22 k Arife, O God, plead thine own *£&;?£*<£
caufe : remember how the foolifh man
1 reproacheth thee daily.
23 Forget not the voice of thine ene
mies : m the tumult of thofe that rife up mP/-'-«-to
r 16. .14. & 17. 14.
againft thee a increafeth continually.

lPf.89.5o,5i.&73. 9. & 79. 10, 12. If.
37. 23. Sc 51. 4.
ver. 10, i3,

n Heb. afcendcih.
Gen. 18. 20, 21.
Jon. I. 2.
PSALM LXXV.
Here ( I ) David returns thanks to God for advancing
him to the throne of Ifrael, and refolves to act for the
public welfare; I — 3,9, IO. (2) He rebukes the
infolence of fuch as oppofed his advancement, which
fprung from the fovereign difpofal of God the
Judge of the world ; and denounces their deftruc
tion ; 4 — 8.
To the chief mufician, a Al-tafchith,
A pfalm or fong * of Afaph.
¦J O J. b Pf. 92. 1. Sc ciii— —
U-» -r r-r-, *-. S. 1 ^v ^, CV. Cvii. CXXXV.
NTO b thee, O God, do we give cxxxvi-
thanks, unto thee do we give thanks ; c ^iiitlkS. *!-,.
for c that thy name is near thy wondrous t fxWhm ^
works declare. «-..*-«.
xttti j -r n i-t • i d 2 Sam. 2. 4. & 5. 3.
2 t When d I fhall receive the congre- *c\\ll2!t1&f£
gation I w ill i ud g-e uprigh tly . 8' ,s' Aa's ,3' 3<L
O J O f b J til. 6s.s— 3. 1 Sam.
2 e 1 he eartn and all the inhabitants 31^-7- **»»•• 4.

a Or Diflroy not,
Pf. 56. title.
* Or fir.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXIV. — Alas! to what- me
lancholy apprehenfions of their ftate and cafe are the people of God
fometimes reduced ! They fear that the rod of his correction is the
fword of his vengeance. But, though he caft them down, he will
never utterly caft them off. They, who are redeemed by Jefus'
blood, fhall never perifh under the bondage of corruption. The
favours which they have received are a prefage, and ought to be
made a plea, for gre'ater. While worldly minds feel only worldly
croffes, the interefts of religion, and welfare of the church, are
incomparably deareft to the children of God. And, however
-certain the ruin, which will fall upon the deftroyers of his church
-at laft, it is extremely affecting to behold them making havock of
Vol. I.

God's truths, ordinances, or people, while there is none to com
fort us, or to explain the dark providences. But under fore trou
bles it is proper to commemorate, and plead upon, God's former
and diftingui hed mercies. He who divided the Red fea,. and de
ftroyed Pharaoh and his hoft, and who brought watersfrom the
rock for Ifrael; he, who is the Sovereign of nature, can, at his
pleafure, command our and his church's deliverance. Importunate
wreftlings and pleadings with God for the relief of his church,
which is fo dear to him, and for fulfilling his promife, of which he
is ever mindful, and for deftroying his daring and implacable re-
proachers, will not long be unanfwered.
5P

David's care to promote juf ice.

d^g? thereof are diffolved : f I bear up the pil-
^pf.60.4. 2Sam.v. lars of it. Selah.
%%'J™!-'* 4 s I faid unto the fools, Deal not fool-
E2Sam.ii.v.,iii.x. iflily; and to the wicked, h Lift not up
ret. 82.1-7. fcioj. , J, x
*-*• the horn:
^V."'^' 5 Lift not up your horn on high:
24. »~. 7- s, 20. fpeak. ^ with a ftiff neck.
6 For promotion cometh neither from
the eaft, nor from the weft, nor from the
iKeb.de/ert. I fouth.
'TbtZ **.*¦"• 7 % But God « tne judge : khe putteth
ki5am.2.7.Pi-.ii3. down one and fetteth up another.
7, 8. Dan. 2. 21. *¦
Ezek. ,7. 24. g ! For in the hand of the Lord there
k]\'.%. }e^'z\. is a cup, and the wine is red ; it is full of
15. Rev. 14. ic. & . r' r \ r
M^ioJiTh™ mixture ; and he poureth out ofthe fame :
but the dregs thereof, all the wicked of
the earth fhall wring them out, and drink
them.
*" "-"ie* ?&" 9 m But I w^ declare for ever ; I will
H^.&'jitb: ^ng praifes to the God o£ Jacob.
"i^Se'ch'^'o48' IO " -^ tne noms or the wicked alfo
o pr. 89. ,7. sc 148. will I cut off; but ° the horns of the righ-
.4s'am.?",,o°'Fr. teous fhall be exalted.
132- IT, 18.
PSALM- LXXVI.
This pfalm is nearly allied to the 48th, and was penned
on occafion of fome remarkable victory; but whether
in the days of David, Afa, Jehofhaphat, or Heze
kiah [2 Chron. xiv. xx. xxxii. j is uncertain. We
have in it ( I ) Encouraging congratulations of the
church's happinefs, in having God'fo manifefted in
her, and fo near unto her; and in having his power
fo employed in her behalf, to the advancement of his
own glory and the deftruction of her enemies ; 1 — 6.
(2) Important inftructions how to improve this vic
tory, to the terror of enemies, the comfort of faints,
and the excitement of all to vow to God, and to obey
and revere him; 7 — 12.
To the chief mufician on a Neginoth,
A pfalm or fong * of Afaph.
TN b Judah is God known: c his name

PSALMS. -JerufalenCs glory and fafety.
2 d In Salem alfo is his tabernacle, and 5^S?

3 Pf. W. YtvAv. lxi.
Ixvii. titles.
• Or/w.
» Pf. 48. 3. Sc 147,
19,20.
tPf.99. 3. & 113. 3.
If. 63. 12, 14. Phil.
2. 9, 10. If. 9. 6.

is great in Ifrael.

his dwelling place in Zion. i»ch,.6.6.pf^r.
2 e There brake he the arrows of the Qtlttz6*'
bow, the fhield, and the fword, and the cP7£if.'£.&3f107
battle. Selah. zc^J-VUtV.
9-S--2.4.

4 Thou art more glorious and excellent
than f the mountains of prey.
5 s The ftout hearted are fpoiled, they 611.46.12.^40.
have flept their fleep: and none of the f^'&i""-

f Ezek. 38.12,.;. ic
39- 4- Song 4. 8.

13. Ezek. 30. 21—
25.

men of might have found their hands.
6 h At thy rebuke, O God of Jacob, *«*>?. «*>,«.
both the chariot and horfe are caft into a It fi^Wi
dead fleep.
7 ' Thou, even thou, art to be feared; '&£;•,?¦*/;£
and k who may ftand in thy fight when , *&H'7-
J - JO k Job 41. 10. Pf. 90.
once thou art angry? .*_£ &,&«,.
8 l Thou didft caufe judgment to be ^"^ ^
heard from heaven ; the earth feared, and g'tt7^1,*10-
WaS ftill, 2=^2. ,j. Re,.
9 When m God arofe to judgment, to a™-9 -j^^f-
fave all the meek of the earth. Selah. S^***
10 "Surely the wrath of man fhall n\*oi- 9->6- fcis.
praife thee: "the remainder of wrath 0pr. 65. 7.^46. 6,
fhalt thou reftrain. zg.ReV.iti-i,\l'.
11 pVow, and pay unto the Lord ' f?_4;§.S.J*
your God : q let all that be round about qpr-8?-7-& 68.29.
J ^ z Chr. 32. 22, 23.
him bring prefents runto him that ought r ha. ...„/,
to be feared.
1 2 s He fhall cut off the fpirit of s l%t^ll:vc
princes : he is terrible to the kings of the fey^er^™1""
r O xlvi— li. Ezek.
earth.

fear.
Gen. 31. 42. If. 8.
13-

xxv—xxxn. xxxviii. xxxix.
Rev. xiv — xix.

PSALM LXXVII.
This pfalin relates to (1) A moft afflicted cafe, in
which are remarkable, fervent, and inceffant prayers,
agoni-zing reftleffinefs, heart-overwhelming medita
tions, melancholy fears, and almoft defperate outcries,
concerning God; I — 9. (2) The effectual cure cf
this mournful cafe, by ferious meditation on, and
folemn acknowledgment of, the power, greatnefs, and
grace, of God as our God ; — and of the hoiinefs and

Reflections upon Psalm LXXV. — While we think of
Jefus Chrift, whom God has marvelloufly crowned with glory and
honour, and of the infinite danger of oppofing his government,
let us remark what wonderful works of God have been exercifed
to us-ward. Great is the praife which we owe to God on every
review of his mercies. Important and ufeful is the charge which
Is committed to magiftrates and minifters: and there is great need
of activity and care in their adminiftrations, as they muft be ac
countable to God, from whom they received their power. One
true patriot may fometimes fave a disjointed church or ftate from
impending ruin. But vain and dangerous is it to withftand God's
deputies. The righteous fhall be advanced and flourifh, while
cbftinate finners fhall be plunged into everlafting mifery.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXVI. — Happy are thofe na
tions and churches which have the knowledge and prefence of
God in them! How profitable, pleafant, and enriching! Glo-
rioufly he protects them in danger, and deftroys their enemies,
however mighty or numerous. Their tyrannical . opprefibrs,.
though like mountains of prey, fhall be deftroyed by his hand:
His meek ones muft indeed patiently wait a while ; but at laft he
will, to the terror of all around, appear for their relief. What
ever his people fuffer fhall but brighten their graces, and; redound
to his glory. And whatever of his enemies' fury hath not. this
tendency he reftrains. The more awful our God and our deli
verances are, the more ought we to wait on. him3> fear him, and
make and pay grateful vows to him.

Jfaph almoft defperate in trouble.

PSALMS.

Gofs powerful deliverances.

Before Chrift
cir. 102 1.

a 1 Chr.i6. 41, 42. Sc
, 25. 3, 6. Pf.xxxix.
lxii. titles.
bOr/V. J Chr. 16.
7. & 25. 1. Pf. 1.
title.
cPf.50.i5.&55.i6. & 141. 1. Sc 142.
i< 2. & 34. 6. & 6.
8,9-
dPf. 130. 1.&18.6.
& 102. 1, 2.
*'fteb. hand.
« Pf.6. 2, 3. £38. 2
—8.
f Prov. 18. 14. Jer.
31. 14. Lam. 3. 49,
50. & 1. 12, 16.
glob 51.23. &6. 4.
fclo.16.Jer.17.17.
hPf. 62. 3,6.&i3.
1—4. Sc cii. title
* 141. 2— 4. & 55.
4,5. fc6l. 2.
Ham. 3. 49. Pf. 6. 6.
Job7.i!— 15.&2.
I3.&£2.fc23.Z.
k Deut. jj. 7. Pf.
J43-S-1T- 5I-9-
1 PI. 42. 8. Job 34.10.
si Pf. 4. 4. Deut. 32.
29. Hag. 1. 5. Lam.
3. 40. Job 34. 32.

aPf. 13. 1— 1. &6.
3.&74.I.&85.(.
0 Jon. z. 4. Jer. 15.
18,- Num. 23. 19.
f Heb. to feneration
and generation.
p Exod. 34. 6, 7. If.
49„. 15- & 63. 15.
PC 79- 5- If. 64. 9.

iJer. 10. 19. Dan. 9.
7. R-rn. 7. 23, 24.
Mult 9. 24. Sc 6.
iJ-
J If. 63. 4. Deut. 32.
7. ver. 5, n. Pf.
143- 5- II. SI- 9-
• Pf. 111. 2. & 107.
43- with If. 5. 12.
Pf. 28. 5.

tPf.44. 1.&143. e.
Sc 105. 1— j. Ic
145. 4.
u Pf. 68. 24. & 73.
17- & 27. 4. & 63.
2.

myfterioufnefs of his providential conduct; particularly
in bringing Ifrael out of Egypt, and in leading
them through the wildernefs to the promifed land;
10 — 20.
To the chief mufician, to a Jeduthun,
A pfalm b of Afaph.
I c CRIED unto God with my voice,
even unto God with my voice ; and
he gave ear unto me.
2 A In the day of my trouble I fought
the Lord ; my * fore e ran in the night,
and ceafed not : f my foul refufed to be
comforted. 2 e I remembered God, and was trou
bled : h I complained, and my fpirit was
overwhelmed. Selah.
4 ' Thou holdeft mine eyes waking :
I am fo troubled that I cannot fpeak.
5 k I have confidered the days of old,
the years of ancient times.
6 I call to remembrance my lfong in
m I commune with mine own
and my fpirit made diligent
fearch. 7 n Will the Lord caft off for ever ?
and will he be favourable no more ?
8 ° Is his mercy clean gone for ever ?
doth his promife fail + for evermore ?
9 p Hath God forgotten to be gracious ?
hath he in anger fhut up his tender mer
cies ? Selah.
10 And I faid, 'This is my infirmity:
but I will remember the r years of the right
hand of the Moft High.
11 s I will remember the works of the
Lord : furely I will remember thy won
ders of old.
1 2 I will c meditate alfo of all thy work,
and talk of thy doings.
13 u Thy way, O God, is in the fanc-

the night
heart ;

who is fo great a God as our

Before Ohrift
cir. iozi.

xExod.15.11. Deut.
32. 31. Pf. 89.6,8.

tuaryGod! 14 y Thou art the God that doft won- ^-s ¦job-..:7-
ders: *fhou haft declared thy ftrength '&£.&&
among the people. ZRon,...i9,*o.Ff.
15 aThou haft with thine arm re- ?I: 'J' s'' 9' &
deemed thy people, the fons of Jacob and .»^g-« '«¦ £ &
Jofeph. Selah. ,36""i'
16 b The waters faw thee, O God, the "_g§§:
waters faw thee ; they were afraid ; the «.
depths alfo were troubled. H9»-
1 7 t The clouds poured out water ; the *g^,&
fkies fent out a found; thine c arrows c™"^ Pfj8
alfo went abroad. dj'^rc
18 d The voice of thy thunder was g'^T&'r*:
in the heaven; the lightnings light- ^'j^mS-*.
ened the world; the earth trembled and
fhook. 19 e Thy way is in the fea, and thy e??i*H-:£1S

Reflections upon Psalm LXXVII.— What days of trouble
faints have to endure, from temptations, corruptions, afflictions,
and defertions ! But in diftrefs we muft flee to the companionate
bofom of our God, and pour out our complaints before him. And,
if we would fpeed, we muft be both importunate and unwearied in
our application. If we but fpeak in groans, God can underftand
us, and will anfwer. But often, under ftrong temptations, faints
feed their forrows, and rejeft the confolations which God fuggefts
to them in his word : often they indulge the melancholy appre-
henfion that he hath forfaken them and left them to eternal per
dition. Terrible then is their cafe ; and difhonouirable to God is

path in the great waters, and thy footfteps u^pc.'^T"'
are not known.
20 f Thou leddeft thy people like a n^.Wj£
flock by the hand of Mofes and Aaron. &K,;l-£
PSALM LXXVIII.
This pfalm is a brief but inftruct ive hiftory -of the tratt-
factions between Ifrael and their God, for about four
hundred and eighty years from Mofes to David.
Here is ( I ) The introduction ; containing a folemn
call to an attentive confederation of Godys word and
works, in order to a faithful tranfmitting of the
knowledge of them to pofterity, that they might fet jr
their hope in God, and reform from their father?
wickednefs; I — 8. (2) The hiflory itfelf ; in which
are exhibited * God's favours to Ifrael before
their fettlement in Canaan, in plaguing the Ef ft^
tians, in dividing the Red fea, in giving them w^r.
from the rock and manna from heaven, in lr;np]no:
them into Canaan, notwithftanding their imnumbered'
provocations ; particularly their fore ^yy„wj of his
mighty works; their ingratitude for ^s favours ^
their murmuring againft his •„ -„gt difpenfations i
their eagernefe tor fat-ate their fop wit}, h;s benefits;
their impenitent elduracy, w hypocritical repentance,
under his rebukes; 9" -55. * Their ingratitude,

this their diftruft.

mis their dtltrult. £nt hopeful is the appearance when they are.
brought to condemn their own unbelief, and to caft themfelves on

ms almighty po-^,- arKj mercy; znc\ when they continue meditat
ing on, and c .eclaring, his former mighty works of providence or
grace. Tr,,-
thoughts

.is awakens themfelves and others

to honourable
( ft .( his conduct, and to grateful praife. However deep
:,i ' "v'.ceriaus the difpenfations of his providence, they are all

noiy an r\ ,uft. And, however awful, they are infinitely sracious,
a,1d «' .ue in the deliverance of his chofen from their manifold bon-
"gf , and in their guidance, by Jefus their great Leader arid Pricfr,
Mie. Canaan above. ''-*

dag to

Parents'' duty to teach children.

PSALMS.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.

^ Or A pfalm for A-
faph to give inftruc-
tion.
a Dent. 32. 29. Pf.
49. 1, 3. If. 51- 4-
b 2Ki
9.2

. 13. Jer.

c Pf. 49.4. Mat. 13.
15. fc 5. 2. ivith
iCor. 10. II.

d Pf. 44. I. & 48. 8.
Sc 145. 4. If. 38. 19.
Deut. 6. 7.

eDeut. 4.9. Joel I,
3. John 3. 11. If.
63. 7 — 14. Pf. 105.
I, 2. &48. 13.- fc
145. 5, 6. &
exxxv. exxxvi.

f Pf. 147- 19, i°- tf.
8. 20. Rom. 3. 2.
Deut. 4. 45.
g Dent. 4. 9. & G. 7.
, & 11.19. If. 3®- J9*
Ej»h. 6. 4.

ll Pf. 102. 18. & 145.
4. & 44. 1. Deut.
4. 9. If. 38. 19. &
59. 21.

aPf.130. 7,8. & IIJ.
9— II. Job 31. 24.
'k Pf. 77. 10—12.
with Judg. 2. 7.10,
11. John 14.15,21,
1 Exod. 20. 18. & 32.
9. Sc 33. 5. &34-
9. Deut. 9 6, 13.
& 31. 27. Mal. 3.
7. Afts 7. 51.
f Heb. that prepared
net their heart.

^Heb.throwinr forth.
xn 1 Sam. 4. lc &
31. 1.
n Judj.. 2. 1: — 12.
aKin. 17. 14. Neh.
9. 26, 29. Deut.31.
16, 20..
« Pf. 106. 13. Deut.
32. 15, 18. Jer. 2.
32. 11. 17. 10.
p Exod. vii — aii.
Deut. 4. 34. Sc 6.
22. Neh. 9. 10.
ver. 42 — 50. &
T05. 24—38. Sc
Kb. 7. fc 135. 9,

treachery, and idolatry, after their entrance into
Canaan ; — with God's righteous refentment thereof,
in removing his tabernacle from Shiloh, and in deli
vering up his ark and people into the hand of the
Philiftines; 56 — 64. 3 God's merciful return to
them, in obliging the Philiftines, by the plague of
emrods, to reftore his ark; in providing at length an
habitation for it at Jerufalem; and in raifing up
and qualifying David, a defendant of Judah, to
govern them in a manner both honourable and happy;
65 — 72. Thefe things are more largely recorded in
the books of Exodus, Numbers, Deuteronomy,
Jofhua, Judges, Samuel , I. and II. and part of
Kings I. * Mafchil of Afaph.
GIVE * ear, O 6 ftiy people, to my
law : incline your ears to the words
of my mouth.
2 c I will open my mouth in a parable :
I will utter dark fayings of old :
2 d Which we have heard and known,
and our fathers have told us.
4 e We will not hide them from their
children, fhe wing to the generation to
come the praifes of the Lord, and his
ftrength, and his wonderful works that
he hath done.
5 f For he eftablifhed a teftimony in
Jacob, and appointed a law in Ifrael,.
which he commanded our fathers, g that
they fhould make them known to their
children :
6 h That the generation to come might
know them, even the children which
fhould be born ; who fhould arife and
declare them to their children :
7 'That they might fet their hope in
God, k and not forget the works of God,
but keep his commandments :
8 And might not be ' as their fathers,
a ftubborn and rebellious generation ; a
generation + that fet not their heart aright,
and whofe fpirit was not ftedfaft with
God. 9 The children of Ephraim, being
armed, and * carrying bows, m turned
back in the day of battle.
1 o " They kept not the covenant of
God, and refufed to walk in his law ;
1 1 ° And forgat his works, and his
wonders that he had fhewed them.
12 p Marvellous things did he in the

f il Deut. 9. 21. Pf.
01 J05. 41.

149 1.

xi. xiv. Sec.

y Exod. 16. 2. Num.'
11. 4. Jam. 4. 2, 3,

Ifraelites'' deliverance from 'Egypt.
fight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, "ti^if
in the field of \ Zoan. qNum.13.22.if.j9;-
1 2 r He divided the fea, and caufed r "', „,„„*.
J ~ r iixotl. 14. 21, 29. Sc
them to pafs through ; and he made the ihl^-iln.
waters to ftand as an heap.
1 4 s In the day time alfo he led them '^'j^.*
with a cloud, and all the night with a ,9' K K*' «¦"
light of fire.
15 rHe clave the rocks in the wilder- ' ^li'p^os^T.
nefs, and gave them drink as out of the ,c°r'I°-4-
great depths.
16 He brought u ftreams alfo out
the rock, and caufed waters to run down
like rivers.
17 x And they finned yet more againft %v-sz.i™i.%l
1 • / 1 1 • 1 \/r rt tt- 1 ¦ 1 xvii. xxxii. Muni.
him, by provoking the Moft High in the
wildernefs. 1 8 ^ And they tempted God in their
heart, by afking meat for their luft.
19 Yea, they fpake againft God; they J49°-
faid, zCan God » furnifh a table in the ^™-"-<-">*f
. , , s~ » II Heb. order.
wildernefs r
20 a Behold, he fmote the rock, that aE2^7'6'Nura'
the waters gufhed out, and the ftreams
overflowed. . Can he give bread alfo ? can
he provide flefh for his people ?
.21 Therefore the Lord heard this
and b was wroth : fo
againft Jacob, and ans
againft Ifrael ;
22 Becaufe c they believed not in God,
and trufted not in his falvation :
22 Though he d had commanded the a pr. «. 9. & I4g.
-*' -O 5) 6) o.
clouds from above, and opened the e doors e* Km. 7.2, .9.
r \ ¦ Gen- 7- u- Mal.
of heaven, 3- 10.
24 f And had rained down manna f kI^V-i
upon them to eat, and had given them Ne„I.'9,.',"';_!:J'
of the corn of heaven.
Or Everr ene did eat
the bread of the
mighty. Pf. 10$.
2a & 147* 5.

£1 • n i b Num. it. x, io,3i»
re was kindled ver.31.Dret.3_.
- r- 21. If. 27*4. i Cor.
6~ alfo

came

up

c P„ 106. 24. Mat.
13.59. Hcb- 3- 12,
17— -19- & 2. 3.
1 John 5. 10.
2 Chr. 20. 12.

fi Man did eat angels' food : he fent ^if^f-

25 „_„  „ „„b
them meat to the full.
26 hHe caufed an eaft wind * to blow h "• !"• ?• N™-
11. 31, ja.
in the heaven: and by his power he »Heb.<.£..
brought in the fouth wind.
27 He rained flefh alfo upon them as
duft, and + feathered fowls like as the +«<*./.«,/./<"¦«.
fand of the fea :
28 And he let // fall in the midft of
their camp, round about their habita
tions

. — . 7-1 i ,. i Mum. 11. 13, 18—
29 '.So they did eat, and were "well g^*;'*'*

Ifraelites'' fns, judgments, and

PSALMS.

mercies, in the wildernefs.

P.cfore Chrifl. '
cir. 1490.

k Pf. rf 14, 15.
Num. 11. 33.

% Heb. made to how.
|| Or young men.
1 Num. xiv. xvi. xvii.
xxv. Deut. 9, 6, 7,
Neh. 9. 16, 17.
E2elc. 20. 13. Pf,
106. 16—29.
TCI Num. 14. 29, 33.
Pf. 90-7 — 9. EzeK.
20. 15.

rHof. 5. 15. Jer. *z.
23. Judg. 3. 9, 15.
ix 4. ] . Cc 10. 10.

©Bent. 32. 4, 31.
Exod. 6. 6. If. 63,
9. fc 48. 17.

p Ezek. 33. 31. Hof.
II. u- If- 29. IJ.

es Jer. 17. 9. ver, 8,
10, 57.
jpf. 108,1. &112. 7,
8. fc 44. 17—19.

s Exod. 34. 6, 7, 9.
Num. 14. 18. Pf.
86.15. & 112. 4. &
130. 7, 8. If. 44.
22. Mic. 7. 18, 19.
t If. 48. 9. I Kin. 21.
29. Ezek. XX.

u Job 7. 7, 16. Pf.
1O3. 14, 15. G^n.
6. 3. John 3. 6.
Jam. 4. 14.

Jl Num. 14. 11. PC
95. 9,10. If. 63. 10.
Eph. 4. 30.
•Or rebel againfl him.

y 2 Pet. 2.20. Num.
14. 22. Deut. 6.16.
If. 95. 9. ver. 19,
20^
a Exod. 6. 6. & vii—
xiv. Pf. 136. 10—
J2. Jer. 32. 21.
t Or from affiSion.

a Exod. vii — xiv.
Deut. 4. 34. & 6.
22. Neh. 9. 10. Pf.
135. 9. & 105. 27.
ver. 12.
t Heb. fet.
b Exod. j. 20. Pf.
J05. 29.

c Exod. 8. 24. Pf.
105. 31.
dExod..S.6.Pf. 195.
30.

filled: for he gave them their own de
fire. 30 k They were not eftranged from
their luft. But, while their meat was yet
in their mouths,
3 1 The wrath of God came upon them,
and flew the fatteft of them, and + fmote
down the H chofen men of Ifrael.
32 'For all this they finned ftill,- and
believed not for his wondrous works.
22 m Therefore their days did he
confume in vanity, and their years in
trouble. 34 "When he flew them, then they
fought him : and they returned, and in
quired early after God.
25 And they remembered "that God
was their rock, and the high God their
Redeemer. 36 Neverthelefs, p they did flatter him
with their mouth, and they lied unto him
with their tongues.
3 7 For q their heart was not right with
him, neither were they r ftedfaft in his
covenant. 38 But he, ' being full of compaffion,
forgave their iniquity, and deftroyed them
not : ' yea, many a time turned he his
anger away, and did not ftir up all his
wrath. 39 u For he remembered that they
were but flefh ; a wind that paffeth away
and cometh not again.
40 x How oft did they * provoke him
in the wildernefs, and grieve him in the
defert 1
41 Yea, y they turned back and tempted
God, and limited the Holy One of Ifrael.
42 They remembered not z his hand,
nor the day when he delivered them +from
the enemy.
43 a How he had * wrought his figns
in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of
Zoan: 44 b And had turned their rivers into
blood ? and their floods, that they could
not drink.
45 c He fent divers forts of flies among
them, which devoured them ; and d frogs,
which deftroyed them.

46 c He gave alfo their increafe unto
the caterpillar, and their labour unto the
locuft. 47 f He II deftroyed their vines with
hail, and their fycamore trees with
*¦ froft. 48 s He gave up their cattle alfo to the
hail, and their flocks to + hot thunder -
bolts.- 49 h He caft upon them the fiercenefs
of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and
trouble, by fending evil angels among
them. 50 * He made a way to his anger*; he
fpared not their foul from death, but
gave ' their life over to the peftilence ;
5 1 k And fmote all the firft-born in
Egypt ;s the chief of their ftrength in the
tabernacles of ' Ham :
52 m But made his own people to go
forth like fheep, and guided them in the
wildernefs like a flock.
53 And he led them on fafely, fo that
they feared not : but the fea " H over
whelmed their enemies.
And he brought them ° to the
his fandluary, even to this
which his right hand had

Before Chrift
cir. 149 1.
e Exod. 10 13. Pf.
105. 34, 35-
fEx^d.9.23,24. P£
105. 32, 33.
II Heb. m-.dr.
* Or great hallftcnes.
g Heb. Hi fhut uf.
Exod. 9. 24, 25,
t Or lightnings.

h Ver. 47, 48. Pf.
105. 27, 28. Exod,
7. 4. Rom. 2. 8, 9*

X Heb. He weighed a
path.
i Or their beafts to tie
murrain. Exod. g.
3-6-
k Exod. 12. 29. Pf.
105. 36. & 135. it.
& 136. 10.
1 Gen. 9. 22, 25. Pf. '
105. 23, &100. 22.
m Exod. 12. 37. Pf.
77. zo. & ij6. 11,
12, 16. Sc 105.- 37.
Neh. 9. 12. If. 63.
9—14. Jer. 32.21* -

54
border of
mountain, purchafed. 55 pHe
fore them,

n Exod. 14. zj. Sc 15.
is. Pf. 136. 15.
II Heb. covered.
o Exod. 15. 13, 17.
Deut. 32. 10—12.
&II. 11. Pf. 44. 3.
Neh. 9. 22—25.
1451.

caft out the heathen alfo be-
and divided them an inherit
ance by line, and made the tribes of
Ifrael to dwell in their tents.
56 q Yet they tempted and provoked
the moft high God, and kept not his
teftimonies :

p Jofh. vi— xxi*
Num. xxi. Deut.
32. 13, 14. Pf. 135.
10—13. fc 136. 17
— 22. Sc 105. 44.
Nrh. 9. 22 — 25.
Exod. 3. 8. & 23.
23—31.
q If. 26. 10. Neh. 9.
26. E2ek. 20. 28.
& 16. 15, 26. Pf.
106 34—39 2Kin.
*7- 7—17- Deut.
31. 16, 20. Sc 32.
SS— 19.

o r But turned back, and dealt urir ijudir. ».„_,,,-,
*<'--. . . . . - - - &: ,. r— 1 „ St, ,

faithfully like their fathers : they were
turned afide 5 like a deceitful bow.
58 c For they provoked him to anger
with their high places, and moved him
to jealoufy with their graven images.
59 When God u heard this he x was
wroth, and greatly abhorred Ifrael :
60 y So that he forfook the tabernacle
of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among
men ;
61 And delivered his z ftrength into
captivity, and his glory into the enemy's
hand.

&i-5—J,"-Sc4. 1.&6. 1. &10. 6.
sHof. 7. 16. Judg.2.
19. ver. 8, 10, 37.
Pf. 106.43.
t Deut. 31. 16. &32.
16,21. fee on ver.
56, 57-'

uPf. 14. 2— 4.&11,
5. Heb. 4. 13.
x Lev. 26. 14 — 39.
Deut. 28. 15—58.
& 29. 18—28 &
31. 17. & 32. 19—
26.
y I Sam. 4.11. Jer. 7.
12, 14. Sc 26.6,9.
Jolh. 18. 1.
zArk. 1 Chr. 16. 11.
Pi. 132.8. 1 Sam.
4- Hi ii-

Miferies and deliverance of Ifraelites.

Before Chrilt
cir. 1 115.
or 1095.
a I Sax. 4. 2, 10.
b Vssr. 21. Deut. 31.
22. & 29. 20.
oHi.6. pcxi'cd. If. 4.
I. Jer. 7.34. Sc 16.
9. Sc is- W.
d 1 Sam. 4. it, 19.
Job 27. 15. Eick.
34, 23.
c Pf. 44. 23, 26. &
81. 1. ir. 41. 11,14.
&5i.o.

f jS-im. ?.6— 12. &
6. 4, n. Exod. 18.
11. Job 40. 12.

S Jer. 7. 12, 14. fc
zo. 6, 9.

IO5-5.
-h Pf. 132. 6, t_, 14.
zChr. 6.(.. Pf.48.
1 , £. & 1V7. 2.

.-rrKin, vi-
9. 1—-.

¦viii. &

•Hcb./wiwW.
k 1 Sam. 16. it.
2 Sam. 7. 8. & 12.
~. Pf. 89. 3, 4, iS
—JO.
t Heb.TfOfli ii/fet*.
IGen. 33. ij. If. 40.

mz'Sam.5,2.aChr. jr. 2. Pf. 75. 6, 7.
& 113. 7,. 8, Afts
13. 22, 36.
Ji Pf. 75. 2. & 101. 3
—8. 2 Sam. _. 15.
1 Kin. 15. 5, Afts
1 j. ll. with If. 52.
XJ. .& 11. 2—4.

62 a He gave his people over alfo unto
the fword ; and was wroth with his in
heritance. 63 The b fire confumed their young
men ; and their maidens were not c given
to marriage.
64 d Their priefts fell by the fword ;
and their widows made no lamentation.
65 e Then the Lord awaked as one
out of fleep, and like a mighty man that
fhouteth by reafon of wine.
66 And he f fmote his enemies in the
hinder part : he put them to a perpetual
reproach. 67 Moreover, g he refufed the taber
nacle of Jofeph, and chofe not the tribe
of Ephraim :
68 h But chofe the tribe ofjudah, the
mount Zion which he loved.
69 And ' he built his fan&uary like
high palaces, like the earth which he hath
* eftablifhed for ever.
70 k He chofe David alfo his fervant,
and took him from the fheepfolds :
71 + From following the ' ewes great
with young, he brought him m to feed
Jacob his people, and Ifrael his inherit
ance. 72 n So he fed them according to the
integrity of his heart ; and guided them
by the fkilfulnefs of his hands.

PSALMS. Jerufalem and its temple defrayed.
PSALM LXXIX.

Before Chrift
tir. 5S8.

This pfalm relates to the havock made ofthe Jewifh capi
tal and nation by the Chaldeans and Syro-grecians,
as typical of the afflictions of the gofpel church. Ob
ferve (1) Hoiu deplorable the condition of thefe
people of God was, when their enemies raged againft
their dwellings, perfons, and characters, and their
God himfelf long continued the tokens of his juft dif
pleafure; 1—5. (2) Their humble, but fervent,
fupplications for the juft punifhment of their heathen
enemies ; and for divine pity, pardon, and help, to
themfelves; 6 — 12. (3) The pleas with, which
they enforce their requefts ; viz. God's relation ts
them as their God and Shepherd; and the tendency
of what they afk to promote the declarative glory of
his name; 1, 6, 9, 10, 13.
A pfalm * of Afaph.
OGOD, a the heathen are come into
b thine inheritance ; c thy holy
temple have they defiled; they have laid
Jerufalem on heaps.
2 d The dead bodies of thy fervants
have they given to be meat unto the fowls
ofthe heaven, the flefli of thy faints unto
the beafts of the earth.
3 Their blood have they fhed like
water round about Jerufalem ; and there
was none to bury them.
4 e We are become a reproach to our '&.££$;£
neighbours, a fcorn and derifion to them
that are round about us.
5 ( How long, Lord ? wilt thou be

• Or/.rv
a2Kin.2i. 13.&24.
1,2, 11. Sczc,. 1.
Luke 21. 24.
b Exod. 15. 17. M.
78. 54, 55. & 74.
1—4- ¦74-7.1
25.9, Jer. 19. 13.
& 39. 8. tic 20. IS.
Mic. 3. 12.
d Jer. 7. 33.8c 15. 4,
Sc 14. 16. Pf. 141.
7. Rev. 11. 9.

Ezek. 35. 12—14.

fPf.89.46.&8o.4. Sc 85. 5. & 74. 10.
Deut. 32. 22.

Re-flections upon Psalm LXXVIII.— Important are the
great things of God's law, and the matters of our eternal falva
tion; and they demand the moft ferious attention. With great
care ought parents to inftrudt children in the knowledge of the
great truths and works of God. Negle£t of this iffues in chil
dren's unbelief, hypocrify, and lafting ruin. And, to avoid the
bad effects of parents' guilt, children of wicked men ought to be
doubly careful to avoid imitating them. How weak men are when
God is their enemy; and how cowardly when their confciences
are burdened with guilt ! No miracles, however gracious and ftrik
ing, can melt an ignorant and hardened heart, or induce it to gra
titude. No favours will fatisfy a difcontented fpirit, and reftrain
its malicious murmurings againft God. With amazing patience
and kindnefs God provides for his abufers amongft mankind ! But,
when he gratifies finners in their requefts, his gifts become their
fnare and curfe : this world's abundance is abufed to excefs :
reflection is banifhed : and men harry headlong into ruin. They,
who make a god of their belly, will find their end to be deftruc
tion : and they, who will not be bowed by mercies or corrections,
muft 'be broken by judgments. If fin be indulged, forrow muft
follow. Nor fhall the ftouteft be able to refift the uplifted arm
of an angry God. Troubles often force men to their profefiion,
prayers, or tears, whofe wickednefs is quickly thereafter difco-

vered. The danger is fcarcely blown over when all their convic
tions and promifes are forgotten and contemned. — O the infinite
companion and patience of God towards his profeffing people!
But, alas, his moft fingular favours and tremendous judgments are
foon forgotten and defpifed ! — The creatures of God, when armed
with his wrath, in the moft fearful manner cover his enemies with ,
ruin. Eut abundant returns of thankfulnefs, love, and fervice, are
due to him from thofe to whom he has been liberal of his favours.
How ready are moft to imitate their wicked progenitors, to the
difhonour-of their gracious God! But more fearfully criminal is
the unfaithfulnefs of thofe who profefs to ferve him; it draws tre
mendous deftru&ion upon the tranfgreflbrs. If we forfake God
he will forfake us ; and -no tabernacle, no formalities in religion,
can avail us when he is departed. — But, however fharply he cor
rects his own people, he hath ftill mercy in ftore for them. They,
who triumph over them a little, fhall quickly have their glory
turned to fhame: and he will maintain a church to himfelf for
ever. If, to punifh one nation, he remove their gofpel candle
ftick, he will fend the light of his truth to another, and often the
moft unlikely. And not David, but Jefus Chrift fhall for ever
feed God's flock of ranfomed men, according to -the integrity of
his heart and good fkill of his -hands.

Prayers for deliverance, &c.

PSALMS..

Ifraelites'' great difrefs.

""588? angry for ever? fliall thy jealoufy burn
like fire ?
g£s'°pS* vt 6 s Pour out thy wrath upon the hea-
If. X. XUI— XXIV. Ill *
foTst'^ then tnat "ave not known thee, and
upon the kingdoms that have not called
upon thy name.
'?,„.-¦£#: . 7 h For they have devoured Jacob, and
laid wafte his dwelling place.
'-^.'xifjl?:*?: % l O remember not againft us + for-
itJS-S-'- mer iniquities : k let thy tender mercies
totlirhjuitieief fpeedily prevent us : for we are brought
themthatvcerchc- y^-y 1QW>
kJ50.?1.l:&8584,p7f: 9 X Help us, O God of our falvation,
i2chr.14.11. jon,. for the glory of thy name: and deliver
7. 9- Pi IC6. 8. J r r 1
S__9i.t3_. us' and PurSe awa7 our uns» for thy
pr.j2. 1,2. name's fake.
m ^115. _ ft 4_ T Q - Wherefore fhould the heathen fay,
**&£*££ Where «• their God ? n let him be known
Rev^rs'.si3&6. among the heathen in our fight by the
•j.-' " * * revenging of the blood of thy fervants
*"*•«-"*- ^16/06 is fhed.
cpf.iS.5.&,02.„. 11 ° Let the fighing ofthe prifoner
' ?p«: IV-l* come before thee; p according to the
*ff'.f[nfftrm greatnefs of thy II power, * preferve thou
* Heb. refeve J,, thofe that are appointed to die;
'Tl"/r',""e I2 q And render unto our neighbours
4 Irrb£. 6. Luke 6. .- - O
38.<,en.4.,s. feven-fold into their bofom r their re-
r&^.'5o',?i7Lm: proach, wherewith they have reproached
thee, O Lord.
13 5 So we thy people, and fheep of
tpr 45.17. &, 45. 4. thy pafture, will give thee thanks for
^tJSS** ever : we will c fhew forth thy praife t to
all generations. PSALM LXXX.
This pfalm relates to the diftreffed condition of the He
brew church and nation, perhaps during the Phi
liftine, Syrian, Affyriap., or Chaldean, invafions;
£2 Kings xii. xiii. xv. xvii. xviii. xix. xxiv. xxv.]
Here are (i) Earneft fupplications for God's fpecial
prefence and favour ; i — f,i 7> J9- (2) Mournful
complaints of the lafting appearances of God's anger;
of the overflowings of their grief ; of abufe and deri
fion by their neighbours; and of the unhinging of
their conftitution, which God himfelf had fixed when
he brought them out of Egypt; 4 — 13, -(3) Fur^
ther fupplications that God would confider and pity

sPf.95.7. &100. 3.
Exod. 19. 5, 6.

Reflections- upon Psalm LXXIX. — To what fearful and
lading diftrefs and defolation is the. church of God fometimes
brought, while forced to bear at once the cruelty and denfion of
men, and the manifefted difpleafure of God ! But he will ailuredly
viiitwith his wrath fuch as live in ignorance of him and neglect
tf Jais worfhip.. And, though he permit bis people ,o,be opprefled

his Vineyard their church and nation ; affift their B?"\^
king his vine-drefter ; and convert them io, and or iozi, fcc.
quicken them in, his fervice ; 14 — 19.

-titles.

81.5.
e I Sam. 4. 4. Exod
25, 22. fc 30. 6.

To the chief mufician upon aShofhan- aPr-XI,,-lx-ti
nim-eduth, A pfalm * of Afaph. *or/.,^i.
GIVE bear, O c Shepherd of Ifrael, "K*5-*
thou that d leadeft Jofeph like a c£s£-49-.I£?°-M*
flock; thou that c dwelleft between the d jr. 77.15, -•_
cherubims, f fhine forth.
2 « Before Ephraim, and Benjamin,
and Manaffeh, ftir up thy ftrength,. and. w-"
f come and fave us» E-p™;.,2,3,"oT^*
3 h Turn us again, O God, and ; caufe fff^'fjZ
thy face to fhine; and we fhall be faved. """*
/"» t *-f r n 1 hVer. 19. P&I26.I.
4 O Lord God of hofts, how long » k»-«8- 37.-8.
k wilt thou be angry againft the prayer iver.i.Numi^j.
c , . . OJ O r J 26.Pf.4-6.&&7-i>
of thy people? *„*«**_
5 Thou feedeft them with J the bread, fSfg^ft.
of tears ; and giveft them tears to drink ip^.X™.*
in great meafure. 11.30.20.
6 m Thou makeft us a ftrife unto our m£.#k*$*-
neighbours : and our enemies laugh among ,6-Z5,RCT-"-10'
themfelves. 7 n Turn us again, Q God of hofts, nTjA\KZ
1 c, r 1 r n- l r, ,, Pf. 126. i. Lam. 5.
and ° caufe thy face to fhine ; and we fhall "¦
be faved.
8 Thou haft brought a. p vine out of p^-&.2|:
Egypt ;. 1 thou haft caft out the heathen, "•'6-'M*L»:
j I1 . j -. qpf.44-1-fc78.5j..
and planted it- &135. 10-12.
9 Thou r preparedft roomhef ore it, and r ^0t2?3vi-xxi*"
didft caufe it to take deep root,, and it ^Vw- N7h"9*
filled the land.
10 s The hills, were covered with the-81

Num. 6. 25,26. Pf.
4. 6. & 67. 1.
. _,zek.
17.6. Mat. 21. 33.

fhadow of it, and the boughs, thereof
were like the + goodly- cedar.s.

- 4. 20, 25. 2Clir.
xvii.

XSAeb. cedars of God'-
11 'She fent out her boughs unto-1 Czt'%\i:ls\ilX'-
the fea, and her branches- unto the ££ Ti^' j0'h'
river. 12 Why haft thou then "broken down u %$&%%
her hedges, fo that all they which pafs jtil1'1'1*"''1'
by the way do pluck her ?
13 * The boar out of the wood- doth X6S.T_3&!'^S.
wafte it, and the wild beaft of the field Vsc*f%%&
doth devour it.

28. 5, 6, 17, 18. Sc
32. 1. & 33.11.ft
xxw, xxxvi.

for a while, he will fpeedily avenge them of their perfecutors;
and often their extremity ufhers in. their deliverance. Humble.
prayers for forgivenefs, poured forth in.fighs and groans, and at
tended with deep concern for- God's difhonour, will not be long'
unanfwered. And deliverances, founded in pardon through Jefus-"
blood, will animate to cordial praife and thankfulnefs,,.,

Ifraelites' prayers for their deliverance.

PSALMS.

Godl's kindnefs', Ifrael's rebellioni

Before Chrift
¦civ. IO37, Sec.
yPf<9D. 1.3. Zech. I.
12, 16, 17. If. 63.
15. Pf. 119. 132.
ver. 3,7, 19. fc 7.
8 — 1 1. Dan. 9. 16
—19.
zlf 5. 1, 2. Jer. 2. 21.
Exod. 19. 5, 6. Pf-
135. 3. Deut. 32.9.
a'Pf. 79. 5. Dent. 32.
2z.-l?J. 39. 11. fc
68. 1, 2. St 76. 6.

b Ver. 15. Exod. 4.
22. & 19. 5, 6. or
Pf. 89. 21. & no.
1. Dan. 71 13, 14.

X Job 34. 32'. Heb. 10.
39. PI. 119. 32.
d Pf. 85. 6. & 119.
37, 4°-

eFf.'8j.4._l26. 1.
Jer. 31.18. & 3. 18,
f Ver. 1, 3, 7. Pf. 27.
4. 9-fc44-3-fc
31. 10-

14 y- Return, we befeech thee, O God
of hofts: look down from heaven, and
behold, and vifit this vine ;
1 5 And the z vineyard which thy
right hand hath planted, and the branch
that thou madeft ftrong for thyfelf.
16 * It is burned with fire, it is cut
down : they perifh at the rebuke of thy
countenance. 1 7 Let thy hand be upon the b man of
thy right hand, upon the fon of man
whom thou madeft ftrong for thyfelf.
1 8 So 'will not. we go back from thee :
d quicken us, and we will call upon thy
name. 19 e Turn us again, O Lord God of
hofts ; f caufe thy face to fhine ; and we
fhall be faved. PSALM LXXXI.
This pfealm. was probably compofed for the feaft of trum
pets, on the firft day of the "jth month ; [Lev. xxiii.
24.] Here are (i) Solemn exhortations to praife
God for what he is to his people, and for what he
has done for them; I — 7. (2) Inftructions con
cerning God's new covenant grant of himfelf and his
benefits to men ; their ungrateful refufal of them ;
and the mifery they incur, and happinefs they lofee,
thereby; 8 — 16.

flPf. viii. lxxxiv.

To the chief mufician upon a Gittith,
A pfalm b of Afaph.
cPf.i49-5-&'s°-s. O ING c aloud unto God d our ftrength :
O c make a joyful noife unto the God
of Jacob.
2 Take a pfalm, and bring hither the
timbrel, the pleafant harp with the pfal-
tery,

b Or/«r Afaph.
1£. lxx-iii.

d 2 Sam. 22. 2, 3.Pf.
28. 8. John 15. 5.
Phil. 4. 13.
ePf.33.l-3. &47-
1 — 7. Sc 66. s. Sc
xcv — c, cxlix. cl.

/Num. 10. to. Lev.
xxiii. Num.xxviii.
xxix. Deut. 16.16. rnn,r.r,
zjcin. 4. 23. moon,

3 Blow up the trumpet f in the new

in the time appointed, on our
folemn feaft day.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXX. — Great is the mercy that
God is the Shepherd, Leader, and Protedtor, of his people — that
he is a God reconciled in Chrift, to the everlafting wonder of
angels and men — and that now it is not the Jewifh tribes, who
marched after the ark in the defert, but multitudes of Gentiles,
that fee his falvation. Awakened fouls ardently defire reconcilia
tion with God, and. repeated manifeftations of his favour. And,
if 'we are turned to God by his grace, we cannot fail to inherit
his eternal glory. But, through feeming rejection of prayers,
and angry frowns from God, and through tears, griefs, and
reproaches, muft we fometimes go thither. With what kind care
did God fettle the Ifraelites in Canaan, and make them flourifh
there ! With how much more did he gather, found,, and increafe,

4 For g this was a ftatute for Ifrael,
and a law of the God of Jacob.
5 This he ordained in h Jofeph'for a
teftimony, when he went out * through
the land of Egypt : where l I heard a
language that I underftood not.
6 k I removed his fhoulder from the
burden : his hands "•" were delivered from
the * pots.
7, ' Thou calledft in trouble, and I
delivered thee ; I anfwered thee in the
m fecret place of thunder : n I proved thee
at the waters of H Meribah. Selah.
8 ° Hear, O my people, and I , will
teftify unto thee : O Ifrael, p if thou wilt
hearken unto me,
9 q There fhall no ftrange god be in
thee ; neither fhalt thou worfhip any
ftrange god.
_¦ &
10 r I am the Lord thy God which
brought thee out of the land of Egypt :
5 open thy mouth wide, and I will
fill it.
11 £ But my people would not hearken
to my voice ; and ifrael would none of
me. 12 u So I gave them up * unto their
own heart's luft : and they walked in their
own counfels.
13 x O that my people had hearkened
unto me, and Ifrael -had walked in my
ways !
1 4 I fhould foon have fubdued y their
enemies, and turned my hand againft
their adverfaries.
15 The^ haters of the Lord fhould
have *¦ fubmitted themfelves unto him :
* but their time fliould have endured for
ever.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.
gNuni. 10.10. Exod.
12. 18,19. Lev. 23.
*4> 34
h i. e. Ifrael. Pf. 7j».
15. & 80. ,, z.
Amos 6. 6.
* Or againft.
¦ Pf. 114. 1. Gen. 42.
23. Deut. 28. 40.
Jer.5. 15. Ii. 28.11.
k If. 9. 4. Sc 10. 27.
Exod. 1. i4. & 6.
6. Pf. 68. i3.
j- Heb. paffed auiay.
t Or haskets.
1 Exod. 2. 23. Ses. j
—10. Sc 14. 10, 11.
Pf 5-3- 15. Sc 91.
14, 15.
m Exod. 14. 24. &
19. 19.
n Excd. 17. 6, 7.
Num. 20*13.
II Otflrife.
o Pf. 50. 7. Deut. 4,
26. Sc 31. 28. If.
55- 3, 6, 7.
p, Exod. 15.26. ver.
!3-
q Exod. 20. 3. 1 Cor.
8. 4, 5. Deut. 4,25,
19. Sc 6. 13, 14.
Hoi. 14. 8. 1 John
5.21.
rExod.20.2-Jer.31. 33. & 3. 14. & 11.
4. Sc 24. 7. Sc 30.
22.
s Mat. 7. 7. John 15.
7. Pf. 37. 4. Eph.
3.19, 20. If. 45. 11.
Jer. 31. 14, 25. Pf.
36.8. & 65. 4, 7.
t Hof. 11. z. Prov.
1.25, 30. Heb. io.
29. Zech. 7. 11. ft
11. 8.
u A£ls 7. 42. Rom. I.
26. If. 30. I.
* Or to the hardneft
ef their hearts, or
imaginations.
x Deut. 5. 29. & 32.
29. II. 48. 18. Mat.
23. 37. Luke 19.
41,42. ,
y Pf. 83. 2—8.
Judg. 3, 3.

z Heb.lied, i. e. yield
ed feigned ehefience.
Pf.18. 44. Sc 66.1.
a Pf. 102. 28. if. 65.
22. Joel 3. 20.

his gofpel church ! But, alas, the mifery and ruin that fin draws
down upon the beft conftituted churches and nations ! Enemies,
furious as wild beafts, wafte them when God withdraws his pro
tection. Yet the defign hereof is not his people's ruin ; but to
excite their prayers, quicken their repentance, and magnify the
wonders of his power and grace in their deliverance. It is impof-
lible for his church to be ruined when her help is laid on her Al
mighty Redeemer, the man of God's right hand. G.od's regard
to him is the fource of all our falvation, quickening, and perfe-
veranca in grace. Through him ftrengthening us, we can do all
things. No wonder then that prayer is the daily employment of
fuch as are fpiritually alive ; and that a fenfe of God's favour is.
more earneftly defired than the removal of any affliction.

Warnings to unjuf judges.

PSALMS.

Heathens around combine againfl Ifrael.

1 6 '° He fhould have fed

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.
b n. 1. ,9. Deut. 32. + with the fineft of the wheat
14. pr. 147. 1 ¦

them alfo
.„: and with
'$™9.f%$- honey out of the rock fhould I have fatif-
,tHeb.u.ith the fat of ned thee.
wheat.
PSALM LXXXII.
This pfalm was probably penned for the direclion and
warning of the Jewijh courts of judicature. It re
prefents ( 1 ) The dignity of magiftrates, and their
dependance on God as their fovereign governor and
judge; 1,6. (2) Their duty; 3, 4. (3) Their
too frequent degeneracy and mifchievous corruption,
and the juft punifhment thereof; 2, 5, 7. (4) The
faints requeft for the eftablifhment of God's kingdom
in the world; 8.

cir. 1048.
• Or for Afaph.
a Ver. 6. 2 Chr. ig.
6. Exod. 12. 12. fc
22. 28. Acts 23.
5. Eccl. 5. 8. Prov.
8. 15, 16.

b PC s«. 2. Deut. 1.
17. Sc 16. 19.
a Chr. 19. 7. Lev.
19. 15.

c Heb. Judge. Deut.
10. 18. If. 1. 17.
Jer. 22. 3, 16,
Exod. 23. 6.
d Prov. 24. 10, 11,
Job 29. 12. Pf. 72.
12—14.

,t Mic. 3. I,. 6. Pf.
' 58. 1—3. If. 42.
19, 20.
f Pf. II. 3. & 75. 3.
Eccl. 3. 16. If. 5. 7.
t Heb. moved,
tJohn 10. 34, 35.
Exod. 12. 12. Sc
ZI. 6. 8c 22. 28.
Afts 23. 5. Eccl. 5.
8. Rom. 13. 1 — 4.
h TI. 49. 12. Job 21.
32. Ezek. 31. 14.
i PI. 7. 6. Mic. 7. 9,
17. Zeph. 3. 8.
k Pf. ». 8. Rev. 11.
15. Pf.22.27— 31.

G

A pfalm * of Afaph.

OD ftandeth in the
of the mighty; he judgeth among

congregation

the gods How

long

tht

will ye
perfons

b judge unjuftly,
of the wicked ?

2
and accept
Selah. 3 c Defend the poor and fatherlefs :
do juftice to the afflicted and needy.
4 d Deliver the poor and needy: rid
them out of the hand of the wicked.
5 e They know not, neither will they
underftand ; they walk on in darknefs :
f all the foundations of the earth are + out
of courfe.6 E I have faid, Ye are gods ; and all
of you are children ofthe Moft High.
7 h But ye fhall die like men, and fall
like one of the princes.
8 ' Arife, O God, judge the earth : for
k thou fhalt inherit all nations.

PSALM LXXXIII.
This pfalm relates to fome combination of the heathens
around againft the Hebrews, either in the days of
David; [2 Sam viii. or x.] or of Jehofhaphat;
[2 Chron. xx.] And contains (1) A folemn re-
monjlrance to God concerning their malicious defigns
againft his church and honour; 1 — 8. (2) Fervent
fupplications to God, that he would defeat thefe at
tempts, protect and preferve his church, humble his
enemies, and glorify himfelf in the world; 9 —
18.

Before Chiift
cir. 1038.
or 892.

K
God.

A fong or pfalm * of Afaph.
EEP anot thou filence, O God : hold
not thy peace, and be not ftill, O

2 For, b lo, thine enemies make a tu
mult ; and they that hate thee have lifted
up the head.
3 c They have taken crafty counfel
againft thy people, and confulted againft
thy d hidden ones.
4 They have faid, e Come, and let us
cut them off from being a nation ; that
the name of Ifrael may be no more in
remembrance. 5 f For they have confulted together
with one + confent : they are confederate
againft thee :
6 s The tabernacles of Edom,. and
the Ifhmaelites ; of Moab,- and the Ha-
garenes ;
7 h Gebal, and Ammon, and Amalek ;
the Philiftines with the inhabitants of
Tyre :
8 ' Affur alfo is joined with them :

* Ot far Afaph.
aPf.28. I.&7.6.&
35.22. &44. 23,
26. & 74. II, 12.
Joel 3. 12. Zeph.
3.8.

bPf. 2.1, 2. with8r.
15. Sc 74. 4, 18—
^3- Sc 75. 4, 5. Sc
93- 3- tf 37- 13-

ePf. 2. 1,2. & 10.5,
9. & 56. 6. & 64. 2,

dPf. 27.5. Deut. 33.
27. Pi. 91. 1,4.
Col. 3. 3. Mal. 3.
J7-
e Exsd. 1. 10. Prov.
I. 12. Jer. 11; 19.
Efth. 3. 9. Dan. 7.
25. Rev. 13. 6, 7.

f Rev. 17. 13, & 19,
19. Acls 9. 4.
t Heb. heart.

g 2 Chr. 20. 1, 10,11.
G^n. 36. 1 — 43. &
25. 12 — 18. fc 19.
31— 38. 1 Chr. S.
10, 19, 20.
h Jofh. 13. 5. 1 Kin.
5. 18. Ezek. 27.9.
Gen. 19. 38. & 14,
7. Sc 10. 14, 15.
If. 23. 1, 12.
1 Gen. 10. 11. or 25.
3-

Reflections upon Psalm LXXXI. — God's faving relations
are a delightful foundation of our warmeft praife. Deliverances
from God, as well as his -authoritative command, oblige us to a
punctual obfervance of his ordinances of worfhip. And nothing
can do it more effectually than our eternal redemption through
Chrift. How ready is God to help and to fave thofe who call
upon him in trouble! And all our obedience is delightfully founded
on his gofpel grant of hmfelf to us as our God. His fervice
muft then be cur higheft intereft as well as duty. Paft obligations
are fufficient to engage our hearts, even though we had no future
promifes in view. And, when God grants himfelf and his fulnefs,
our defires or prayers for enjoyment can never be too much en
larged. They only, who have him for their portion, have all that
heart can wifh. But how terrible is the punifhment of a wilful
refufal of his gracious offers! What lofs oAvi&ory over enemies,
of perpetuated enjoyments, and of delightful provifion! Alas!
what enemies are finners to their own fouls ! And they, who refift
God's word and Spirit, have only their own wilfulnefs to blame
Vol. I.

when their deftruction comes. Their perifhing is not through
want of compaffion in God, but through the hardnefs and impeni
tence of their own hearts.
Reflections upon Psalm LXXXII. — Dignified is the office
of magiftrates, as the deputies of God. And with folemn awe
and ftricl equity ought they to fix their decifions, as in God's
prefence, and as accountable to him. Yet how commonly do they
indulge themfelves in injuftice and partiality! For want of fub
ftance to procure right to themfelves, the poor are ordinarily tram
pled on: but God is their guardian; and, let magiftrates do their
worft, he will at laft redrefs the grievances of his poor ones. The
high ftation and mighty influence of magiftrates fhall not long pro
tect them from death; nor, if wicked, from damnation. If our
rulers then be wicked, let us give ourfelves to prayer, that God
may rectify matters, and fubdue the world to the righteous govern
ment of his Son.

50.

The heathens are miferably ruined by God. PSALMS.

Before Chrift Jr.
cir. 892.

they have holpen the children of Lot.

Qaintsr delight in God's ordinances.

Selah.

k Heb. they have been
an a<-m to the chil- -f— . -1 1 1 *n jr* 1 *
dr.nofi.oi. Gen. 0 jjo unto them as unto the ' Midian-
19. 37, 38. , s
1 judg. 7. 22. Num. ites ; as to m Sifera, as to Tabin, at the
*"">¦**** brook of Kifon:

1 o Who perifhed at En-dor : they be-

31.7,5-11-9 IC. 20.
m Judg. 4. 15, 24. &
5. 19. 21.
nz,Ki7.1er"8Z2?& came n as dung for the earth.
15 f' 1 r Make their nobles like ° Oreb, and
pjldg.8.^21. li^e Zeeb ; yea, all their princes as p Ze
bah, and as Zalmunna :

q z Chr. 20. II,
ver. 4.

15, 16.
tPf.il. ~?1

12 Who faid, 1 Let us take to our
felves the houfes of God in poffeffion.
fP,24i4i.4,'7&iIt'J: 13 r O my God, make them like a
pi. 68. .,2.- wheel ; as the ftubble before the wind.
'^g'to.'zjfif. 14 5As the fire burnetii the wood, and
332%3.82.&66. as the flame fetteth the mountains on
fire ;
Kso^ir! *5 * So perfecute them with thy tem-
sfzeil\£il]?'r, peft, and make them afraid with thy
ftorm.
"»_9^9,3£!& *6 u Fill their faces with fhame;
?^z"i%% x that they may feek thy name, O
% Or that men may. LORD.
*?J'.3_ h!1!}*^ : 7 x Let them De confounded and
109.29. troubled for ever; yea, let them be put
to fhame, and perifh :
y«fi &5*5.j J8 y That men may know that thou,
^.tflfsc whofe name alone is JEHOVAH, art
i^&Vig1.'' 5' the Moft High over all the earth.
PSALM LXXXIV.
This pfalm is much like the 27th, 42d, 43d, and 63d;
and might be compofed on the fame occafion with the
former, when David was banijhed from Jerufalem
by Abfalom his fon; [2 Sam. xv. xvi.] We have
here ( 1 ) David's ardent affection towards the public
ordinances of God, and fenfe of their happinefs who
enjoyed them; I — 7, 10. (2) His heart-burning
defire to the God of ordinances; 8, 9. (3) His af
fured faith of God's kindnefs, and perfuafion of the
happinefs of fuch as'truft in him; II, 12.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXXIII. — To quicken his
people's importunity in prayer, the Lord fometimes appears for a
time to difregard their diftrefs. Whatever pretences men make
for their oppofition to God's people, the real caufe is their enmity
againft God himfelf, whofe hoiinefs they cannot endure, and
whofe image they cannot but hate. But, while faints are hid with
Chrift in God, no enemy can really hurt them. Wicked men,
though diverfified by nations, humours, or interefts, ftrongly unite
in oppofing the caufe of God and truth. Glad would they be if
neither preacher nor profeffor of the true religion were left upon
earth. But, though craft be employed to feduce, threatenings to
intimidate, and fury to extirpate, the foundation of God ftandeth
fure. God knoweth them that are his, and they fhall never be

To the chief mufician upon a Gitfith,
A pfalm * for the fons of Korah.

Before Chrifl
cir. loai.

a PI. viii. lxxxi.
title.

V b amiable are thy tabernacles, "°"f-
T.r.Pnnf Vinfk I b"_*

OW
_L G Lord of hofts !
2 c My foul longeth, yea, even faint- c

„ . 8. & li», t,
4-«27. 4. Rev. 4,
J, 3. & 22. I, 2.
Pf. 42^1,2. ft 6t.

eth, for the courts of the Lord
heart and my flefh crieth out for the i}.t%'tl,rtf.

j I, 2. & 68. 24.
my 7i- 17- »«. 10.

living God

26. 8, 9. & 64. I.

145- I, 2, 21.
gPf.28.8. Zsch. 10.
12. Phil. 4. ij.

3 ° Yea, the fparrow hath found an 'St-^T
houfe, and the fwallow a neft for herfelf. »$V^vf*
i „ . r 7 fneUthmyfouithtne
where fhe may lay her young, even thine ^Sesw-'»
altars, O Lord of hofts, my King and
my God.
4 f Bleffed are they that dwell in fhy.^fAXZ
houfe : they will be ftill praifing thee.
Selah. 5 Bleffed is the man g whofe ftrength i>k«-i._4-
is in thee ; h in whofe heart are the ways, i Aas ,4. 22. job*
•J t Or ofmullerry-trta
6 ' Who, parting through the valley + of. £f *•'""¦ **«.
Baca, make it a well ; the rain alfo + fill- t Heb. ,«.»•«.*.
eth the pools. "Tigs*™*?
7 k They go II from ftrength to ftrength, **?' ' 5'
/ J O < r o to " H Cir from company t.
every one of them in Zion appeareth before "mt"n:f-
r, 1' ^ rr iPf-122.1_4.ft45.
(jrOd. 4- Jer. 31. 6. Iff
8 m OLord God of hofts, "hear my •^¦4-V
give

prayerSelah.

ear,

O God of Tacob. joi"-,"".'-'
*J CXlvill.
n Pf. 130. z. Dan. 9,
18, 29. If. 65. 24.

o Behold, O God "our fhield, and
II 1/- r „ 1 • • 1 ° Gen- ,s- *' Deu&
look upon the face of P thine anointed. "-19-
10 q For a day in thy courts is better rv1" ' J9'"*
J J q Ver. r, 2. Pf. 27. 4.
than a thoufand : *' I had rather be a door- _&£.* 4j-4:
keeper in the houfe of my God, than to •ha. /«»«**
11,. 1 i- . -i r* rather to fit at the
dwell in the tents of wickednefs. ,hr'JMd-
1 1 For the Lord God is r a fun and r *43.?_»i-l4.'-~
s fhield : ' the Lord will give grace and 3lsc\l%"%f.,l
glory: no good thin? will he withhold tpf.s5.12.fc34.?,
S? J O O 10. John 1.14, iri.
from them that walk uprightly. pbii.4.,9.coi._

moved. At the worft, they have their all-fufficient Lord to flee
to, who can check the madnefs ofthe devourers. And. paft inter-
pofitions of God in favour of his people fhould encourage us to
plead and hope for the like mercy. All oppofition to God and his
church is but rufhing headlong into certain ruin. Even in this
life, finners' terrors of mind often make their life a burden, and
are a prefage of more dreadful mifery in hell for ever. Men muft-
know at laft that the Lord omnipotent reigneth; and the execu
tion of deferved vengeance on the ungodly will tend to his ever
lafting glory. Meaitvhile we ought to long for the convi&ion
and converfion of our bittereft enemies of mankind r2ther than
their deftruction.

Cbrijl and bis bleffings fuppllcated.
12 O Lord of hofts, " bleffed is the
man that trufteth in thee.

Before. Chrift
cir. 1021.

nPf. z. Ti. & 34.8,
& y,. iz, 11. If.
30. 18. 6c 18.16. 3c
JS>,IQ. Jer. 17. 7,3.

I ©r »f. Pf. xiii—
xlix. lxxxiv—
lxxxviii.

PSALM LXXXV.
This pfalm relates to feme remarkable deliverance of the
Jewifh nation ; but whether that effected Ly the ad
vancement of David to the throne, or that from the
Affirian invafion, [2 Kings xix.] or from the Chal
dean captivity, [Ezra :.] is uncertain. It contains
( 1 ) Thankful ucknoivledgments of divine favours
received; I — 3. (2) Supplications that further
favours and deliverances may be fpeedily beftowed;
4 — 7. (3) Firm expectations of a gracious anfwer
in the coming, mediat'un, and bleffings, of the Meffiah ;
8-13.
To the chief mufician, A pfalm afor the
fons of Korah.

T> Joel 2. 18. Lev. 26.
42. Zech. I. 16. If.
12. I.

LORD, b thou haft been * favourable
unto thy land : c thou haft brought
c pf. 14. 7- & 1-. back the captivity of Jacob.
dp'r. 32. 1. jer. So. - dThou haft forgiven the iniquity of
Ri,™£L'las thy people; thou haft covered all their
13.39. 1 John 1. 7. r oil
fin. belah.
eVo"'I"&S4'7— 3 e Thou haft taken away all thy wrath :
t or thou haj turned 1" thou haft turned thyfelf from the fierce-
thme an?trfrem r r \ '
vsaecinghet. ne{s OT thine anger.
'^rt^-A'S: 4 fTurn us, O God of our falva-
j. 106. 45. 90- tjOI1) an(j caufe thine anger toward us to
ceafe.
'"-V*^ 5 E Wilt thou be angry with us for
12. j«. 14.19, 21. everp w^t tnou (jraw out thine anger to
all generations ?

PSALMS. Chrifl and his bleflings promifed.
6 h Wilt thou not revive us again, that
thy people may rejoice in thee ?
7 ' Shew us thy mercy, O Lord, and
grant us thy ialvation.
8 k f will hear what God the Lord
will fpeak : ' for he will fpeak peace unto
his people, and to his faints : but m let
them not turn again to folly.
9 n Surely his falvation is nigh them
that fear him ; that ° glory may dwell in
our land.
10 p Mercy and truth are met toge
ther; righteoufnefs and peace have kiffed v™}\ft$ftf°,
each other.
1 1 1 Truth fhall fpring out of the

Before Chrift
cir. 102.I.
h Pf 85. iS. Hab. 3.
2. Hof. 6. 1, 2. PI".
5 j. 6. & 93, 14,15.
If. 35. 10.
i Pf. sco. cc— 47. Sc
98.2,3.11.45. 17.
Sc 62. 1, 7.
kHab. 2. r.Heb. 12.
25. & 3. 7, 8.
1 bam. 3. 9, 10.
1 Zech. 9 n. If. 57,
17 — 10. Eph. 2.17.
m 2 Pet. 2. 21.
2T.m. 2. 19.
Luke 1.74, jc.
nlf.46. 13 Mal. 3.1.
Luke 1,4.7.
o Exod. 29. 43.
Zech. 12. 7. Luke
z. 32.. Johi 1. 14.

Pf. 72. 3, 17- U.
32. 17, 18. Rom.
5. 1, 21.

39. 14. If. 58. R
72. 1,3. & ug.
32. Eiek. 36. 27.
If. 49*1— j.

earth ; and righteoufnefs fhall look down 'jij^y&i:
r 1 5. 14—21.
from heaven.
12 rYea, the Lord fhall give that '* 0\V&W
which is good ; and our land fhall yield
her increafe.
13 * Righteoufnefs fhall go before him ; ' vfi
and fhall fet us in the way of his fteps.
PSALM. LXXXVI.
This pfalm contains (i) David's fervent fupplications,
that God would hear his prayers ; 1,6,7: mercifully
preferve and fave him ; 2, 3, 1 6 : and afford him joy,
ftrength, and honour ; 4, 11, 17. (2) His pleas,
with which he enforces his prayers, drawn from the
goodnefs of God; 5, 13, 15 : his own relation to and
truft in God; 2, 4, 16: his former experience of
God's kindnefs; 17 : and from the malice of his ene-

Reflectioks upon Psalm LXXXIV. — What inexpreffible
beauty gracious fouls fee in hoiinefs and in holy work! Fellowfhip
with God in Chrift, in his ordinances, is the delight, the defire,
of their foul. The meaneft abode, with his prefence and ordi
nances, is preferred to a palace without them. Not only faithful
minifters, who attend to their work, but all who ftudy a life of
clofe fellowfhip with God, and faithful fervice of him, increafe
their joy in the Lord, and their ftrength for his work. If our
heart be once engaged, we fhall walk with pleafure in God's ways,
and in attending his folemn ordinances. However troublefome the
way to heaven be, not one of thofe who truly fet out ever faint or
mifcarry. And O the inexpreffible glories they there enjoy, in
the immediate vifion and prefence of God ! If he be our own and
our fathers' God, we fhall never feek him in vain. If he be our
Shield, we fhall be fafe from fear of evil. If our confidence to
wards him be founded folely on the merit and interceffion of Jefus his
Anointed, he cannot but behold us in mercy and love. Infinitely
preferable is fellowfhip with God in his ordinances to all the plea
fures of fin or fenfe that can be enjoyed on earth: and happy are
thofe who have God all in all to them, beftowing all on
them j and who, in" all cafes, depend for all they need only
upon him.
Reflection! upon Psalm LXXXV. — Prefent diftrefs fhould

never obliterate the grateful memory of God's paft favours. His
pardons of fin, through Jefus' blood, are all free, full, and everlaft
ing ; and, when guilt is removed, wrath ceafes of courfe. Though
our unfaithfulnefs may have plunged us into diftrefs, God is rich
in mercy, and ready to turn us to himfelf. But no falvation can be
hoped for while we continue indulging our fins. And, unlefs he
fave us freely, without refpecT: to our deferts, we are undone for
ever. Impenitent finners muft undergo eternal wrath ; but the
people of God are only corrected for a time. Having experienced
the power of his quickening and reftoring grace, they rejoice in
God their Saviour, and fpeak, to his glory, of the wonders of his
grace. And, having expected and obtained an anfwer to their
prayers, the peace which God fpeaks in his promife withdraws
their heart from finning. But how fure was the promife, near the
fulfilment, and great the glory, of Jefus' incarnation and office !
Herein the mercy, faithfulnefs, and equity, of God appear harmo
nioufly and brightly difplayed. While Jefus, the truth, grows up
ward from earth, his righteous Father from heaven beholds him
with pleafure. While the gofpel, and its influences, take place
among men, Jehovah manifefts his righteoufnefs in pardoning
and bleffing us with all fpiritual bleffings in Chrift; in making us
to abound in fruits of righteoufnefs, to the praife of his glory;
and in directing us to Jefus, and his law and example, that we
may be led into the paths of everlafting peace.
sQ.2

David's prayers and pleas for mercy.

PSALMS.

Z^n and gofpel church celebrated.

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.
or 1057.

* Or A prayer, being
a pfalm of llavid.
A 2 Kin. 19. 16. Pf.
31.2. Sc 130.2. &
143. I.
k Pf. 40. 17. & 72.
I2—I4. fc 102. 17.
• PC16.1.& 119.94.
Sc 4. 3. 2Chr. 14.
IT.
f Or one whom thou
favctirrfl.
i Lnke 18. 1—7. Sc
11. 8. Pf. 65. 2.
Eph. 6. 18.
t Ol all the day.
ePf. 51. 12. If. 61. 3.
& 65, 18.
fpr.25. 1. & 143.8.
& 10. 14. Sc 62. 8.
I Ver. 13,15. Joe! 2.
13, 18. Pf. 69. 13,
16. Sc 110. 7. Sc
145. g. Exod. 34.
6,7. Mic. 7. 18,19.
Lam. 3. 22 — 26.
Pf. 737 I. Sc 103.
17-
ti Ver, 1. Pf. 4. 1. Sc
l-'-fc"4M,,7-
Dan. 9. 18, 19.
iPf. 55. 16. & 50.15.
ac 91. ij. Sc 18. 6.
& 22. 5. & 34. 4,
0. Sc 102. 17.
k Exod. 15. 11. Pf.
35.10. £89. 6, 8.
& 92. 5. Sc 72. 18.
& 136. 4.

up my

1 Pf. 22. 27—51. Sc
72. 8. Sc 66. 1, 4.
& 67. 7. If. 11. 9,
jo. fc 59. 19. &
66. 23.
m Job 11. 7. Deut. 3.
24. Pf. 147. 5, Sc
72. 18. Sc 77. 14.
Rev. 15. 3, 4. &
19. I.
liDeut. 6. 4,&4. 39.
Sc 34. 39. If. 37.
16. & 44. 6 Mark
12. 29. I Cor. 8.
4. Eph. 4. 6.
oPf.25.4. &5.S.&
119. 33- & 143- 8.
Jer. 10. 23,
J> Pf. 104. 33. & 34.
I. & 146. I, 2.
I Cor. 10. 31. & 6.
20.
¦qpr. 103. 4, 8. If. 38.
>7-
U Or grave.
t Pf. 119. 51, 69, Sj.
fc'MO. S.&54. 3.
cc 22. 12, 16.
* Heb. terrihle.

mies; 14. (3) //« afcription of praife to God, as
matchlefs in his nature and work ; as the fole object of
worfhip ; and as great and infinitely gracious ; 8 — 10,
12, 13. * A prayer of David.
OW adown thine ear, O Lord, hear
me ; for b I am poor and needy.
2 c Preferve my foul ; for I am T holy.
O thou my God, fave thy fervant that
trufteth in thee.
2 Be merciful unto me, O Lord; d for
I cry unto thee + daily.
4 e Rejoice the foul of thy fervant ; for
unto thee, O Lord, do f I lift
foul. 5 £ For thou, Lord, art good, and
ready to forgive ; and plenteous in mercy
unto all them that call upon thee.
6 h Give ear, O Lord,, unto my
prayer ; and 'attend to the voice of my
fupplications. 7 'l In the day of my trouble I will call
upon thee ; for thou wilt anfwer me.
8 k Among the gods there is none like
unto thee, O Lord; neither are there any
works like unto thy works.
9 * All nations whom thou haft made
fhall come and worfhip before thee, O
Lord ; and fhall glorify thy name.
10 For m thou art great, and doft won
drous things: n thou art God alone.
11" Teach me thy way, O Lord ; I
will walk in thy truth: unite my heart
to fear thy name.
1 2 p I will praife thee, O Lord my
God, with all my heart ; and I will glo
rify thy name for evermore.
13 1 For great is thy mercy toward
me : and thou haft delivered my foul
from the loweft " hell.
14 O God, rthe proud are rifen againft
me, and the affemblies of ""' violent men

Reflections upon Psalm LXXXVI. — While I here behold
Jefus as the holy, but impoverifhed, fervant of his Father, implor
ing his favours, and triumphing in his praife, let me in every cafe
pour forth importunate prayers; place all my confidence in God;
lodge all my complaints and requefts with him ; and afcribe to
him the glory of his own perfections, and of all my own and his
people's deliverances.

Reflections upon Psalm LXXXVIL-
6

-Behold how firmlv

have fought after my foul ; and s have not "^S?
fet thee before them. or 1057.

15 'But thou, O Lord, art a God ' ££&£_¦*
full of compaffion, and gracious, long-

is t Exod. 34. 6, '.

fuffering, and- plenteous ~in mercy and ^;£|1&
f-f-nt-Vi 130. 4. & 14?. 8.
LI u L 1 1 . Joel 2. 13. Rom. 5.
16 uO turn unto me, and have mercy t^t":***.'4*
upon me : x give thy ftrength unto 7 thy "_: _•»,*%
fervant, and fave the fon of thine hand- ^:V.'&56'I&
mc,:,-! x Pf. 28. 8. Zech. io.
Illdia . ,2. If.40i j,,
1 7 Shew me z a token for good ; a that yPf V9;94-? "*•
/ O 7 10. X' 03. 10—10,.
they which hate me may fee //, and be Exod-!4-S'6
afhamed; becaufe thou, Lord, b haft z&3sI;~'¦I^',
holpen me and comforted me.

14.

a Mic. 7. 8_io. &
109. 26—31.
b Pf. 18. 18, 19. Set
40. 1 — x. Sc 103. 1
—5- fc 116. 1—7.

cir. 1045.

PSALM LXXXVIL
This pfalm is an encomium upon Mount Zion, as typical
of the gofpel church. ( i ) For the fake of the tem
ple, Mount 7,ion is preferred to every other place in
Canaan ; as more honoured by God, and delighted in
by him; I — 3. (2) In refpect of better inhabi
tant, greater ftability, and more important joys and
bleffings, the church is preferred to all other nations ; * 0r '¦'•
.  - a 2 Chr. 3. 1 Pf. 48.
"t- I • 1,2 & 78. 08, 60.
A pfalm or fong * for the fons of Korah. »."¦
HIS a foundation is in the holy moun- w- '
tains. 'I^lri
2 b The Lord loveth the gates of Zion $• »¦"'"> 7-'»s-
O 20. & 59. 19—21.
more than all the dwellings of Jacob. i^x]=rx.ii.1£xi.
2 c Glorious things are fpoken of thee, *™£:l™i.
cj j. * xxxvii. xl— •
O city of God. Selah. xiviu.&c.
4 I will make mention of d Rahab and d °L*fyst.'fsc%:
Babylon to them that know me : behold >j- "
ePhiliftia, and Tyre, with Ethiopia; this '?£&?%*
f. / r 12. & 68. 31.
man was born there. fJ„B,.^„._j.
5 * And of Zion it fhall be faid, This li\:l£?i-!ft.
and that man was born in her: band the *J'Z "*fff,a
glf. 49. Tl, 2,0. 6CI9.
Higheft himfelf fliall eftablifh her. cti.l'.n.^tl:
6 The Lord fliall count, when he h^t]6 i81fMi
1 writeth up the people, that this man was 2-h1*-
born there. Selah. ' I pr. _' %¦ i«'.
7 k As well the fingers as the players ^.68.25,26. aw.
on inftruments fhall be there: 'all my,'4'"4', ,
m J . J 1 Pf. 46. 4. Rev. 22.
fprings are in thee. ii.^.T8'1'15'

and publicly our gofpel church is founded upon Jefus Chrift the
Rock of ages! And ho'w Jehovah delights in fellowfhip with his
people in the public and private ordinances of his grace. Glorious
things are fpoken of her foundation, her ordinances, her members,
her properties, her fulnefs. And, under the influence of almighty
grace, the heathen nations on every fide crowd into her. Behold
alfo the exaft and kind care which God takes of every true mem
ber ! And great fpiritual joy and rejoicing, and frefh fprings of
falvation, are found in her by the faints.

Heman's terrible diflrefs

PSALMS.

bitterly bewailed.

Before Chrift
cir4 I Oil.

• Ortf

f Or A pfalm of He-
man tht Ex.ri.hht)
giving inftruclion.
aiKin.4.51. 1 Chr.
15. 1, 4. o, z 6.
_bPl.27. 1.&68. 19,
20. Luke, 1. 47.
Tit. z. 13, 14
C Pf. 12. _. & 77. 1- th PP '
& 8^. v Luke 18. LUCC •
7. Eph. 6. 18.
d Lam. j. 8/rKin.

PSALM LXXXVIII.
In this doleful pfalm, after a very fhort declaration, of his
faith, we have ( 1 ) Heman's bitter wailing over his
diftreffed cafe, — that his troubles were great ; his body
at the point of death ; his foul filled with grief; his
God hiding and angry ; his mind diftreffed with ter
rors; and his friends unkind; 3 — 9, 14 — 18.
(2) His bitter groans to, and expoftulations with,
God, importing that he had long cried for mercy,
and that in death nothing could be done for him j I ,
2, 9—14-
A fong. or pfalm * for the fons of Korah,
to the chief mufician upon Mahalath
Leanoth, t Mafchil of a Heman the
Ezrahite.
OLord b God of my falvation, c I
have cried day and night before

Before Chrift
cir. 1 02 1.

2 d Let my prayer come before thee :
1 _.am. 3. a. riun- . y 1 •
s. 52. dm 9. 18, incline thine ear unto my cry;
19- Pf. 141. I, 2. # r \ 1
ever. 14-16. pr. 3 e For my foul is full of troubles, and
-mT&Ticv.i!:* my life draweth nigh unto the grave.
fjcor.i.q job.7. 4 fI am counted with them that go
23.&ic^22-2£ down into the pit : 1 am as a man that
hath no ftrength :
bit. 33. i,io-«, 5 sFree among the dead, like the flain
iL^i-io"' that lie in the grave, whom thou remem-
bereft no more : and they are cut off
tothy thy hand, t from thy hand.
¦hi_H.M-16.pr. 6 k Thou haft laid me in the loweft
143. 3- & 69. 1, 2. ... r 1 1
¦ Invt'slsi1, pit, in darknefs, in the deeps.
ipr.10t.10.if.j8. 7 Thy ' wrath lieth hard upon me,
fHil'i/I' and thou haft afflidled me with all thy
¦„__««._. \waves. Selah.
kver.18.job19.13 8 k Thou haft put away mine ac-
142%. *"'"¦ qUaintance far from me ; thou haft made
1 job ,2. 14. & 36. 8. me an abomination unto them : ll am fhut
Ho"z.36.3jcSi9.I: Up? and I cannot come forth.
m pr. ,8. ,o.'& 77- 9 m Mine eye mourneth by reafon of
sT4ti.&ioz19. arfhclion : Lord, I have called daily
iuobn.13.pf.143. upon thee, n I have ftretched out my hands
6. & 68. 31. r - ' '
unto thee.
0pf.6.5&30.9.& 10 °Wilt thou fhew wonders to the
ii'^Jit'ig8'17' (}ead ? fhall the dead arife and praife thee?
Selah.

1 1 Shall thy loVing-kindnefs be de
clared in the grave ? or thy faithfulnefs
in deftruction ?
12 Shall thy wonders be known in
p the dark ? and thy righteoufnefs in the p J»^-; ».«¦«"¦
1 land of forgetfulnefs ? qpr-3i « ecu.
13 r But unto thee have I cried, O rpr.„0.,,i.^_.
Lord; and in the morning fliall my '•&5'""S-J
prayer prevent thee.
14 Lord, s why cafteft thou off my sPjC& ¦£•_"¦ '7
foul ? zvhy hideft thou thy face from 5-9'
me ?
15 ( I am afflidfed, and ready to die from ^l.'&ftsl'tc,'7'
my youth up: while u I fuffer thy terrors ujob«.4-&7 •*'.
t i-n K 14,20. Pf. it. 4, 5.
I am diffracted, john 12.27.
16 x Thy » fierce wrath goeth over ^.fi*41'7'
me ; thy terrors have cut me off. « h_. ji™^.
1 7 r They came round about me * daily 'ES&.'j.VS

like water; they compafled me about is-sc\i'sz,iti.
* J L Lam. 3. 3, 7,13.

together

1, 2, 14, 15. & is.
^ 22. 12, if
3- 3>7>9-
* Or alt the dar.

18 z Lover and friend haft thou put zS« ver- 9- -!<*»•
far from me, and mine acquaintance into
darknefs. PSALM LXXXIX.
This pfalm was, perhaps, compofed on the occafion of Ab
falom's rebellion, [2 Sam. xv.] or ofthe revolt ofthe
- ten tribes from their fubjeetion to the familv of David,
[ l Kings xii.] or it relates to the Chaldean oppreffion
and captivity, [2 Kings xxiv. xxv.] In the firft
and joyful part we have ( i ) The foundation of all
comfort, happinefs, honour^ and ftability, laid in the
mercy of God and his covenant with David; emblema
tical of that made with Jefus Chrift for the redemp
tion of mankind; I — 4. {f) A celebration ofthe
God of the covenant, in his faithfulnefs, glory, great
nefs, mercy, and equity, and in his works; 5—1 14.
And of the glorious dignity, happinefs, and fafety, of
the covenant people; 15 — 18. (3) A collection of
covenant promifes, fecuring proper qualifications, affift
ance, and glory, to the Head of the covenant ; and in-
defeafible bleffings to his covenant feed , notwithftanding
their manifold fins and chaftifements; 19 — 37. — In
the fecond and mournful part we have (4) Grievous
lamentations over the difhonour, diflrefs, and danger,
of David's family; 38 — 45. (5) Expoftulations
with God concerning the fame ; drawn from the con
tinuance of trouble ; the Jhortncjs of human life, and
certainty of death ; the withdrawment of former kind
nefs 'promifed in the covenant ; and the infolent re-

Reflections upon Psalm LXXXVIII.— How inexpreffibly
grievous are the afflictions of fome of God's principal favourites!
nay, of his Son ! Their fofrows are enlarged. They are reduced
to the very brink of defpair ; loaded with a fenfe of divine wrath ;
deferted by friends ; and, while their cafe is apparently remedilefs,
their way Lies along the brink of hell. If I be caft into this depth,

let me, though with a trembling heart, ftill claim the Lord as my
God, my Saviour. Let me, with fervent cries and humble expof
tulations, pour out my complaints into his bofom. The more
my afflictions prefs me, let my fupplications be the more prefling
and perfevering. And, if I wifh to live longer on earth, let my
great end be to ferve God's interefts and to fhew forth his praife.

God's greatnefs j and his choice of Chrif . PSA

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.

* Or A pfalm /«* E-
than the Ex.rakr.e,
to give ijytruftion,
* 1 Kiifc4. jr. iChr.
6. 44. & 25. j. or

„„-¦

b Pf. jot. 1. & SS.
12, 13. Sc 22. 22,
25. &4C.9, ib. &
145. 2. 21. & 71. 8
— 24. Eph. 2.4 — 7.
c Heb, to gencratien
and ccnccat.cn.
Ver.' 4.
ii Neh. I. 5. n*n. 9;
5. Pf. 103. 17. Sc
23. 6. & 36. 5-
Rom. 5. 21. Pf.
119. 89,90 Niim,
23. 19. Heb. 6. 18.
c 2 Sam. 7. 11—16.
Pf.40.6— S.If.ss.
ic — 12. & 42. 6, 7.
ic 49. 6, 8. Mat. 3.
15. Luke 24. 26.
flSam.16.13 Ezek.
34. 23,24. Hoi. 3.
5. if. 49. 3. Phil.
z. J, 8.
g Ver. 29, 36. 2 Sam.
7. 16. Pf. 22. 30,
31. Jf. 53. ic — 12.
Heb. 2. 13. Luke
I. 32, 33. Phil.. 2.
7— II.
h Pf. 47- 5—7- Rev.
5. 9— -14. fc 7. 10
~— 12. Luke 2.. 14.
iPf.35.io.&7i. 19.
&73. 25. & 86. 6.
Sc 113. 5. Exod.
15. II. '
Tt.Pf.76. 11,12. Rev.
15. 3, 4. Phil. z.
IO, II.

1 Ver. 6. Pf. 147. est
Jer. 32. 17. Lam.
3. 23. Num. 23.19.
11 Sam. 15. 29.
Tit. I. 2.

»iPf. 29.10.&65.7.
Sc66. 6. Sc 93. 3,
4. & 107. 25, 29.
Mat. 8. 26. & 14.
32. Nah. 1. 4.

n Exod. vii— xv. If.
51.9. Pf. 78-43—
53- & 105. 27— 36.
t Or Egypt.
% Heb. ici'h the arm
Off thy ftrength.
• Cen. 1. 1. Sc 2. I.
Pf. 24. 1, 2, Sc 50.
12. J Chr. 29. 11.
p Job 26. 7.
q Judg. 4. 6. Deut.
•»¦-— J.
t Pf. 65. 12, 13.
If. 35- *.
3 Heb. an ro-m u-ili
might. Gen. 17. 1.
& lS. 14. Dan. 4.
34, 3f-
tPf-97. 2. Jer, 12. 1.
De-,t. ;2. .4 Pf.
45. 6, 7.
11 Or cftahlifhinent.
Prov. 16, 12.
S Pf. 8;. 13. Mic. 7.
K>. Pf. OI. 7.
y Num. 10. 6, to.
Lev 25.9. IThef.
1. 5. & 2. 13. Tit.
a. 11—14. Rom. I.
16.
• If, J 5. Pf. 80. 3, 7,

proaches of enemies; 46*— 51. (6) „? triumphant
conclufion of praife to God; 52.
* Mafchil of a Ethan the Ezrahite.
bWILL fing of the mercies of the
Lord for ever: with my mouth will
I make known thy faithfulnefs c to all
generations. 2 For I have faid, d Mercy fhall be
built up for ever : thy faithfulnefs fhalt
thou eftablifh in the very heavens.
3 I e have made a covenant with my
chofen ; I have fworn unto f David my
fervant :
4 s Thy feed will I eftablifh for ever,
and build up thy throne to all generations.
Selah. 5 And h the heavens fhall praife "thy
wonders, O Lord : thy faithfulnefs alfo
in the congregation ofthe faints.
6 For 'who in the heaven can be com
pared unto the Lord ? who among the
fons of the mighty can be likened unto
the Lord ?
7 k God is greatly to be feared in the
affembly of the faints, and to be had in
reverence of all them that are about him.
8 O Lord God of hofts, ' who is a
ftrong Lord like unto thee ? or to thy
faithfulnefs round about thee ?
9 m Thou ruleft the raging ofthe fea :
when the waves thereof arife» thou ftilleft
them. 10 n Thou haft broken + Rahab in
pieces, as one that is flain ; thou haft
fcattered thine enemies + with thy ftrong
arm. 110 The heavens are thine, the earth
alfo is thine : as for the world and the
fulnefs thereof, thou haft founded them.
j 2 pThe noith and the fouth, thou haft
created them : q Tabor and Hermon fhall
1 rejoice in thy name.
13 Thou haft ° a mighty arm : ftrong
is thy hand, and high is thy right hand.
14 r Juftice and judgment are the "ha
bitation of thy throne : mercy and truth
fhall x go before thy face.
15 Bleffed is the people that know
the y joyful found: * they fhall walk, O
Lord, in the light of thy countenance.

LMS. God's promifes fo David and Chrif.
a In thy name fhall they, rejoice all

Before Chrift
cir. 1021.
the day : and in thy righteoufnefs fhall apr._.s,7.&4;
they be exalted. _&*.*¦ p_fr
17 For c thou art the^ glory of their bR™.
ftrength : and d '

3.24— 26. &
in thy favour our horn icolV&tJk,
2. 4—7.

fhall -be exalted. ck _._-*<.
18 eFor fthe Lord is our defence ; d IIf3'6Zech' "¦ I2'
and the Holy One of ifrael is our king* V.-.vcf^c-s'

131. 17.

19 Then thou fpakeft in vifion to thy <=d^,,.z7~zc,.
Holy One, and faidft, s I have laid help Z2'f,lZf,hl
upon one that is mighty ; I have exalted *£*i?'./5_ lit,
one chofen out of the people. w-l- $£$.
20 h I have found David my fervant ; z%t££l?z.\i
with my holy oil have I anointed him: hi7amVi«*'
2 1 ' With whom my hand fhall be efta- ***"•£&&
1
iPf.l8.32,39.&28.

did- 8. 23. Jer. 30. 21.
blifhed : mine arm alfo fhall ftrengthen 7- i°bn~,.fifls-
nim. s.&fo.-iv.if.^;
k The enemy fhall not exacl: upon . '' 49'*'
1 nor the fon of wickednefs afflict taHeb'.SV4"

22
him ;
him. 23

1 2 Sam. xr— xx.
2 Thi-'f 9 ¦» &
m And I will beat down his foes R^-*-**-'
ui2Saji.3 i.v.niii.

before his face, and plague them that hate '"Ix^'l^'el.
. . 'JO 110.I.C.6. Re,..:

110.1,5,6. Rev ,.i.
viii. ix. xiv_xx.

j— ,v oPr 21.3—7. & 151.
lit. Ill J 17,18. John 17. _

him. 24 " But my faithfulnefs and my »«6'-*«'-«fc
mercy fhall be with him : ° and
name fhall his horn be exalted.
25 p I will fet his hand alfo in the fea, p £££•,,„&.'
and his right hand in the rivers. il^'v-scctf*.
26 1 He fhall cry unto me, Thou art '"V^i&ifj™
my father, my God, and the rock of my \j\"sc%\%
falvation. 27 Alfo I will make him my r firft- '„%'&,?',?£¦
born, higher than the kings of the Re'ATk?-'7*
earth. 28 s My mercy will I keep for him sl!&n'7I''1,s«;
for evermore, and my covenant fhall ftand „: 5' Jer- "• ^
faft with him.
29 'His feed alfo will I make to endure ' J"'.4*^.1/.4-
for ever, and his throne as the days of S_:"'4?~i"i~
1 ¦' J- 33- Joi- 33- J?,
heaven. 30 " If his children forfake my law,
and walk not in my judgments ;
31 If they II break my ftatutes, and *1$tJ£rm"9
keep not my commandments ;
32 x Then will I vifit their tranfgref- x \f.t-V.i\\^3'.
r ** ... . ..... . — ' . . Afho« 3. 2 Rtv. 3.
lion with the rod, and their iniquity with «9- *£«•>*•
ftripes: 22 y Neverthelefs-, my loving-kindnefs Y tT^.-^'-
OO 1 J a Rom. 8. 3,-39.
will I not utterly take irom mm, nor •»*./_« ...rn-i.
fuffer my faithfulnefs + to fail.

33. Jer. 33. 20,
. Sc 17. 25. xvii,
with 31. 35, 36.
Deut. 11. 21.
u 2 Sam. 7. 14, Amc-3
3.2.

voijfroiti him.
t Heb. 1. ».

David and Chrif s great

PSALMS.

and long fufferings.

Before Chiift
cir, 1021.
x Mal. 3. 6. Jam. 1.
17. Rom. 11. zg.
zSam. -j. 5.
a Heb. 6- 17* *S. PC
110. 4. ver. 4.
b Amos 4. x. & 8. 7.
J Heb. if IH-.
c_Sam.7-'6.Pf.2Z. ^o. & ioz. ziS.
Lake 1. 33. John
ia. 34. Pf. 72. 16,
17-
d Jer. 31. t$,l6- Sc
33. io — 21. Gen,
9.13.
c Job 30.1. 2 Sam. xv
—xx. 1 Kin. xii.
xiv. 2Chr. xxi.
xxviii. Zech.13. 7.
If. 53. 2 — 10. Afts
14. 22. Rev. 6. 4,
11. & 12. 4» 17.
Gen. 3. 15.
f 1 Kin. xii. 2-Sam,
xv. with 7. 16.
ver. 4, 29, 36.
. 5- «5-

Lam.

gPf. 80. 12. If. 5. 5.
Pf. 78. 61,62. Afls
2.2;. & 4. 27,2s.
& 8. 1—4. & 9. 5.
Mat. 25. 45.
hPf.80. 12. &44. 9
—14. 2 Chr. x. xii.
xxi. xxviii. xxxii.
xxxiii. xxxvi.
Deut. 28. 25 — 51.
Lev. 26. 15 — 3 1.
Rev. vi.vii: — xiii.
a Thef. 2. 3—12.

brought his ftrong
o o

_ _5am. xv. _Ch».
x. If. 53. 1 — 10.
Mat. xxvi. xxvii.
Heb. 10. 32—34.
1) Heb. brigbtnefs.
k 2 Sam. xv. xvi.
I Kin. xii. Dan. 9.
26.If.53-8 & 52.
14. & 50.6. 2 Tim.
3. II, iz.

lPf. ij.i. £79. 5.
&8S.5.. If. 45. 1 j.
Pf. 78. 63. Deut.
32. 22. Nah. 1. 6.

34 z My covenant will I not break, nor
alter the thing that is gone out of my lips.
25 a Once have 1 fworn bby my hoii
nefs t that I will not lie unto David.
36 c His feed fhall endure for ever,
and his throne as the fun before me.
37 d It fhall be eflablifhed for ever, as
the moon, and as a faithful witnefs in
heaven. Selah.
38 e But thou haft caft off and ab
horred, thou hafl been wroth with thine
anointed. 39 f Thou haft made void the cove
nant of thy fervant : thou haft profaned
his crown, by cafing it to the ground.
40 s Thou haft broken down all his
hedges ; thou haft
holds to ruin.
41 h All that pafs by the way fpoil
him : he is a reproach to his neigh
bours. 42 Thou haft fet up the right hand of
his adverfaries ; thou haft made all his
enemies to rejoice.
43 Thou half alfo turned the edge of
his fword, and haft not made him to
ftand in the battle.
44 ' Thou haft made his H glory to
ceafe, and caft his throne down to the
ground. 45 k The days of his youth haft thou
fhortened : thou haft covered him with
fhame. Selah.
46 l How long, Lord ? wilt thou hide
thyfelf for ever ? fhall thy wrath burn
like fire?

47 m Remember how fhort my time
is : wherefore haft thou made all men in
vain ?
48 " What man is he that liveth, and
fhall not fee death ? fhall he deliver his
foul from the hand of the grave ? Selah.
49. Lord, ° where are thy former
loving-kindneffes, which thou p fwareft
unto David in thy truth ?
50 Remember, Lord, q the reproach
of thy fervants ; how I do bear in my
bofom the reproach of all the mighty
people ;
51 r Wherewith thine enemies have
reproached, O Lord ; wherewith they
have reproached the footfteps of thine
anointed. 52 s Bleffed be the Lord for evermore.
Amen, and amen.
PSALM XC.
This pfalm was compofed by Mofes, the man of God, feme
time after God had fentenced the Hebrews to wander
ing and death in the wildernefs ; [Num. xiv. J In it
.( 1 ) Mofes comforts himfelf and his people with the
eternal and unchangeable duration of God himfelf, and
their intereft in him; I, %. (2) He humbles himfelf
and his people with the confederation of 'human frailty ;
3 — 6. (3) He fubmits himfelf and his people to the
righteous fentence of God paffed upon them; 7 — 1 1 . (4)
By prayer, he commits himfelf and his people to their
gracious and merciful God; and requefts the fanctified
ufe of their awful chaftifements, the averting of di
vine wrath, the beftowal of true comforts and joys,
the returns of his favour, and the progrefs of his work
of mercy among their children ; 1 2 — 1 7 .

Before Chrift
cir. I02J.
mPf.39. 5,6. fc 119.
84. & 144. 4. Job
7, 6, 7, 9. & 9. 25,
26. Sc 10. 9. Jam.
1. 10. Sc 4. 14.
n Pf. 49. 7, 9. Heb.
9. 27. Job jo. 24,
Eccl. 12. 7.
0 If. 63. II, 15. PS
77- 7—9-
p 2 Sam. 7. 15.fi: 2 J.
5. If. 5S- J.

q Pf. 44- 14— 16- fc
69.9, '2, 20. &
22. 6, 7. Mat. IX.
24. & 27. 6j.

r Afls 4. 41- J Cor.
4. 12,13- Heb. 10.
33.&II.36.1PM.4. 14. Pf. 74- *~

s Pf. 41. I?, fc V-
18, 19. & 106. 48.
E2ek.3. 12. I Tun.
I. 17. Rev. 4. II.
Sc 5. 12, 13. Sc 7.
12. Neh. 9. 5-
I Chi. 29. 10— jj.

L

A prayer of Mofes the a man of God.
ORD, thou haft been, our b dwell
ing place + in all generations.

* Or A prayer, being
a pfalm of David.
a Deut. 33, 1. & 34,
bDeut. 33.17. If. 8.
14. Lack. 11. 16.
ij.b.114. 8.
f Heb. in gen-rattm
and generation.

^Reflections upon Psalm LXXXIX. — Glorious is that co
venant of grace which Jehovah has made with Jefus Chrift, as the
Head and Jleprefentative of an elect world. The mercy and faith
fulnefs of God are therein for ever clearly and comfortably mani
fefted ; and for ever adored, both in heaven and earth. How infi
nite are the greatnefs and majefty of our covenant God ! How un
bounded his ftrength ! No unruly elements in nature, nor outra
geous nations of men, can control it. His dominion extends to
all the parts and ends ofthe earth; and in a powerful, fteady, judi
cious, righteous, and merciful manner, he conduits his whole
providential work ; but chiefly that of redemption through the
blood of his Son. Happy are they who experimentally know the
joyful found of the gofpel, proclaiming Jefus' victories over fin,
Satan, the world, death, and hell ; and pardon, peace, liberty, and
eternal happinefs, through his blood, to linful men. They walk
in the light of Jehovah's favour, direction, and joys! And glo-
rioufly are they juftified, faved, ftrengthened, and honoured, in

Chrift ! — In thefe declarations of God to Samuel, concerning
David, let me contemplate how Jehovah found out and laid out-
help, our falvation, upon Jefus Chrift. He it was that fupported,
ftrengthened, attended, honoured, and owned, him. He it is
that forms, favours, corrects, but eftablifhes, his chofen feed. — .
Behold too the fufferings of Jefus and his church, from Satan,
from Jews, from Heathens, from Antichriftians : and how terri
ble the Almighty's difpleafure! To be under it for ever conftitutes
hell. How fliort, how uncertain, are our days on earth ! If
through Jefus, as our Righteoufnefs and quickening Head, we do
not live to God's glory here, and with God in gloiy hereafter, our
life is worfe than in vain. But painful is it for exercifed fouls to
want the fenfe of God's love, even though it be fecured in the
covenant promife. And grievous are the virulent reproaches of
Chrift, his Father, and his people, and hard, to be borne by a
tender faint.

Human frailty and death lamented.

PSALMS. Prayers for God's infiruftions and favours.

Ecii!ri49ho? 2 c Before the mountains were brought
cprov.8.2S.job38. forth, or ever thou hadft formed the earth
ftsssTf'^.v!. and tne world, d even from everlafting
ffSj'iVr&k to everlafting, thou art God.
3 e Thou turneft man to deftruc
tion ; and fayeft, Return, ye children
of men.
4 f For a thoufand years in thy fight
are but as yefterday + when it is paft, and
as a watch in the night.
5 s Thou carrieft them away as with a
h pf. 73. 20. ir. 29. flood; h they are as a fleep/. in the morn-
jpr. 103.15, is- if- *n§ ^ey are ' like grafs which H groweth
40.6. Jam. I, |0,IJ. y.rj 6 -k In the morning it flourifheth, and

16.
e Num. 14. 29, 35.
Gen. 3. 19. Pf.
146. 4. Eccl. 12.7.

f2Pet. 3.8. Pf. 39.5.
tf Or when he hath
faded them.

g Prov. 14. 32. Job
27. 20, 21. If. 8.7,8

kPf. gz.j.Scj}. 18,
19.

groweth

in the evening it is

cut

1 Num. 14. 29, 35.
ver. 9. Pf. 59. 13.
Deut. 31.22. Sea..
24. ver. 11. If. 33,
14.

a— UP
down, and withereth.
7 l For we are confumed by thine
anger, and by thy wrath are we trou
bled.
miP2rje?:?6T'.7 jo'b ^ m Thou haft fet our iniquities before
*«-'*^-i-«- thee, our fecret fins in the light of thy
countenance.
• Heb. turned away. 9 For all our days are * paffed away
„ Pf ,s. „. v,r ,. » jn ^hy wrath : we fpend our years ° °"

• n Pf. 78. 33. ver. 7.
.0, «.-,**». _ tale tfat -s tgf£
^•Heb As for the days
tf our yearly in them

as

10+ The days of our years are three-
a,e /*«;;;*„: " fcore years anc| ten . an^ -^ ^ reafon of
j"i'-sf''4 ftrength they be fourfcore years, p yet is
qzf,7z66}lm.tsl their ftrength labour and forrow; for q it
is foon cut off, and we fly away.
1 1 r Who knoweth the power of thine
anger ?. even according to thy fear, fo is
thy wrath.
1 2 s So teach us to number our days,
that we may r apply our hearts unto wif
dom. 13 "Return, O Lord, how long?
and let it ' repent thee concerning thy

r Pf. 76.7. Job rj. xr
If. 33. 14. Rev. 6,
16, 17. Mal. j. 2,
Nah. j. a, 6.

sPf. 39. 4. Deut. 32.
29. Epb. 5. 16, 17.
t Heb. taufe to come.
Prov. ii — ix.
_Tim. 3. 15, 16.
Luke iz. iv, zo.
u Pf. 6. 4. & 80. 14,
Jer. TZ. 15. Joel 2.
13, 14. Zech. 1. 16.
Deut. 32. 30. Pf.

M*!:1"-11-™- fervants.

H'O fatisfy us early with thy mercy,
that we may rejoice and be glad all our
days. 1 5 Make us glad according to the days
wherein thou haft afflicted us, and the
years wherein we have feen evil.
1 6 v Let thy work appear unto thy
fervants, and thy glory unto their chil
dren. 17 'And let the beauty of the Lord
our God be upon us : and a eftablifh
thou the work of our hands upon us ;
yea, the work of our hands eftablifh
thou it. PSALM XCI.
This pfalm was perhaps penned on the occafion of the pefti
lence, inflicted for numbering the people ; [2 Sam.
xxiv.] In it, while the pfalmift by faith takes God
for his own refuge and keeper; 2, 9 : he, for the
encouragement of others to do the fame, reprefents
( 1 ) The dignity, extent, and continuance, of their hap
pinefs and fafety, who have God for their refidence;
1—4. (2) Their prefervation from all malice and
baleful influence ef the powers of darktiefe, while
multitudes are ruined thereby; 3—9. (3) Their
enjoyment of angels for their guard ; and their triumph
over devils and other oppofers ; 10 — 12. (4) Their
poffeffion of fpecial favour from, and delightful intimacy
with, God here and hereafter ; 13 — 16.
HE * that dwelleth in the fecret place
ofthe Moft High fhall * abide under
the fhadow of the Almighty.
2 I will fay of the Lord, b He is my
refuge and my fortrefs : c my God ; in
him will I truft.
3 d Surely he fhall deliver thee from
the fnare of the fowler, and from the
noifome peftilence.
4 e He fliall cover thee with his fea-

Before Chrift
Cir. 1490.
X Pf. 63. 3—5,7- &
103.3— 5, &05. 4.
& 85. 6. & 30. c.
& 126. 5, 6. & 86.
4, If. 29. 19. & 40,
1,2. Sc Sr. 3,7. Si
65. 18, 19.

yHab. 3. z.Num.14.
31. Ezek. 20. 6.
ft. 105. 42, 44. Se
135. 12.

z Pf. 80. 3, 7, 19. &
27.4.
a If. 26. 12. Pf. 138.
8. & 68 28. Phil.
1.6. & 2.1 3.1 Pet.
5. 10. 2 Thef. z.
16, 17. & 3. 3.
2 Cor, 1. 21,

thers, and under his

wings

fhalt thou

truft:' his truth jhall be thy f fhield and
buckler.

cir. 1016.
a Ezek. 12. 16. Pf.
27.5. & 31.20. &
31. 7. Jude. 9. 15.
Pf. 17. 8. &S7. 1.
^ver. 4.
* Heb. lodge.
b Pf. 18. 2. Sc 46. I.
Sc 142. 5. Sc 71, 2.
Dent. 33. ?7— 29.
Zech. 2. 5. I Pet.
1.5.
c Pf. ji. 14, & 7}.'
28.
d Pf. 124. 6, 7,
2 Tim. 2. 26. Job
5. 19—22. If. 46.
4. 2 Cor. 1. 10.
eDeut. 32.11. If. it.
5. Mat. 22. 37. Pf.
17. 8. & 6l.«4. SC
SI. 1.
f Gen 15.1. Heb. 6.
17, 18. iThef. 5.
23, 24.

Reflections upon Psalm XC. — Happy are they who, amidft
a tranfitory and perifhing world, have the eternal God for their
all in all. Sovereign is his dominion over mankind, and un
fearchable his duration. But weak and fhort-lived are men. And it
is madnefs to feek fatisfaclion and happinefs in things fo fleeting and
unfubftantial. With what armies of forrows hath fin invaded and
overfpread our earth: and how exactly every crime is obferved by
God, in order to correct or punifh on account of it ! But it is
unavailing to live, or live long, unlefs we live to and in Chrift.
Yea, intolerable is the wrath which God has referved for thofe
who die in their fins. Every day, therefore, ought to be fo num

bered, as to flee from them to Jefus Chrift our refuge. The great
bufinefs of life is to make ready for death. To ponder aright
what is to become of us in eternity is wifdom indeed, and deferves
the moft ferious application. Gracious fouls cannot without for
row abide the fenfe of God's difpleafure. And they, who have
truly tufted the bitternefs of fin, cannot reft till the Lord return
in pardoning mercy, fpeak peace to their confeience, and enable
them to rejoice in himfelf. And fuch as are faithful to Chrift will
be greatly concerned that he may work all in them, do all for
them, give all to them; and that he may herein be glorified, not
only in them, but alfo in their pofterity after them.

*The happinefs and fafety of the godly.

PSALMS.

Before Chrift
cir. 1016.
g Pf. 3. 5. & 4, 8. &
- in. 7. job 5. 19—
za. Prov. 3. 25,
If. 41. 10, 14. &
43. i,Z. Deut. 32,
23,42. Lam. 3. iz,
Ji Exod. 12. 29, 30.
2 Kin. 19. 35.
_Sam. 24. Ij.

3 Ver. 10. Pf. 31. 6.
kP£sB.io.&64.8, 9- 4 37- 34- Mal.
1- v 11. 3.11, Rum.
2. 8, 9.
i Pf. 141. 4, 5. Prov.
18. 10. Heh. 6. iS.
ver. i, 2. Pf. 46.
I — 4. Ezek. 11.16.

n Ver. 1. Prov. 1.
33. & 12.21. Sc 3.
33. Pf. 111. 6, 7.
3c 46. 1 — 4. &
xxxvii. Rom. 8.
28.
A Mat. 4. 6. Luke 4.
10. Pf. 34.7. Heb.
i- 14. 2 Kin. 6. 16,

• If. 46. 4. & 63. 9.
Prov. j. 23. Job 5.
23. Pf. 37. 24* &
94. 18.

p Dan. 6. 22. Mark
16. 18. Rom. 16. 20.
f Or ajp.

4 If. 3. 10. Rom. t.
7, la.Pf. 119. 165.
Prov. I.33.
I Phil. z. 9— ir. Pf.
«9- 16, 17, W. 33.
16. Pf. 9, 10.

s Pf. 50. 15. & 18. 6.
& 34- 5» 6- & 65.
2. Ii. 58.9. I John
5. 14,15. John 15.
7-
t If. 43. ^ 2. &41.
IC. -.46.4. 2 Cor.
1. 4. 10, 1 Sam. 2.
30. PL 28. 9.
11 Gen. 15. 15. Job J.
22. If. 65.20.
$ Heb. length tf days.
X Pf. 50. 23. If. 45.
17. 1 John 3. 2. Pf.
10. II.

5 e Thou fhalt not be afraid for the
terror by night ; nor for the arrow that
flieth by day ;
6 Nor for h the peftilence that walketh
in darknefs ; nor for the deftrucltion that
wafteth at noon-day.
7 A thoufand fhall fall at thy fide, and
ten thoufand at thy right hand ; but it
' fhall not come nigh thee.
8 k Only with thine eyes fhalt thou
behold, and fee the reward of the wicked.
9 Becaufe x thou haft made the Lord,
who is my refuge, .even the Moft High,
thy habitation ;
10 m There fhall no evil befall thee,
neither fhall any plague come nigh thy
dwelling. 1 1 n For he fhall give his angels
charge over thee, to keep thee in all thy
ways. 12° They fhall bear thee up in their
hands, left thou dafh thy foot againft a
ftone. 13 Thou p fhalt tread upon the lion
and + adder : the young lion and the
dragon fhalt thou trample under feet.
14 1 Becaufe he hath fet his love upon
me, therefore will I deliver him : r I will
fet him on high, becaufe he hath known
my name.
1 5 s He fliall call upon me, and I will
anfwer him : ' I will be with him in
trouble ; I will deliver him, and honour
him. 1 6 ° With * long life will I fatisfy
him, and * fhew him my falvation.
PSALM XCII.
In this pfalm cr fong for the fabbath-day, ( i ) Praife,
the bufinefs of the fabbath, is earneftly recommended;
I — 2- (2) God's works, which are the reafon of
the fabbath, and ground of praife, are celebrated in
their greatnefs and unfearchablenefes ; 4 — 6. ( 3 ) The
ruin of finners and the felicity of faints are beautifully

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

Their growing happinefs.
contrajled. Sinners fhall perifh ; but God, the por tun
and life of faints, fhall endure for ever. Sinners,
notwithftanding their temporary flourijhing, Jhall be
cut off and deftroyed : faints Jhall be exalted and
comforted. Sinners Jhall be confounded and ruined;
but faints, through their union to, and fellowfhip
with, Chrift, Jhall continue to projper andflourijh, to
the manifeftation of God's faithfulnefs and equity ;
7—15.
A pfalm cr fong for the fabbath-day.
/T *is a good thing- to give thanks unto »«"-jm-&mm.
O Cs o , ^107-1,8,15,21.
the Lord, and to fing praifes unto %. l&l'i:te '"
thy name, O Moft High :
2 b To fhew forth thy loving-kindnefs b 21;&S45,7I7&&? ';
in the morning, and thy faithfulnefs 1&7,-8-is-
* every nigh t ; * Heb- " "" "&¦'•
2 c Upon an inftrument of ten firings, &j~'zS. &5I5_"
and upon the pfaltery ; + upon the harp t0r«p,n therms
with da folemn found. £??""**
T-i 1 X 1/11 11 Cbi H^«»n. tC
4 r or thou, Lord, e haft made me glad 9- l6- & '»• "*•
through thy work : I will triumph in the ' j™&jm._ ?«:
works of thy hands.
5 O Lord, f how great are thy works ! {™ &%$%¦?£.
and thy thoughts are very deep. i^s-Tj'cV.*.
6 s A brutifh man knoweth not ; nei- gpr94.8 &,4 1
ther doth a fool underftand h this. l.Cm' *' I4> £ ,:
7 'When the wicked fpring as theh-XL&%w-7i.
grafs, and when all the workers of ini- . 36\
quity do flourifh: it is that they fhall be !^riv?2--^
I J j r J 12. ,,2. Mal. 3.15.
K deftroyed for ever: w-n.z.g.scj,.
8 But thou, Lord, art x mofi high for nf^^l^t
evermore. 1 bxoh. 18. h. e«i.
9 For, lo, thine enemies, O Lord, „.k.s--5*
for, lo, m thine enemies fhall perifh ; all "."^ _-,*!!£
the workers of iniquity fhall be feat- S3'13-'7'
tered. 10 "But my horn fhalt thou exalt like " x'.&sg.'tfit;
J -~ Rev, 3. 21.
the horn of an unicorn : ° I fhall be anointed 0pr. 23.5. ^29.4.
with frefh oil. vcr'4'
1 1 p Mine eye alfo fhall fee my defire on "&£«._#¦.„
mine enemies, and mine ears fhall hear iob„'.i'9.iv}'i.3j:
my defre of the wicked that rife up againft
me.

Reflections upon Psalm XCI.— While I here contemplate
Jefus Chrift as th.e Father's darling, protected, guarded, attended,
heard in his prayers, 'honoured, and crowned with life and glory
everlafting, let me with wonder behold the happinefs of all the
faints, who make God their refuge and delightful habitation; who
know his name, fet their love on him, and call on him. Secured
againft every difappointment and danger, diftinguifhed in the pro
vidence of God, guarded by angels, delivered from, and victorious
over, the devil, that fowler, dragon, and Jion of hell, Jehovah
Vol. I.

attends them in their troubles, hears their prayers, and gives them
anfwers of peace. He exalts them on Chrift their Rock, arid
makes them to fit with him on his throne) honours them with
the relations of children, kings, and priefts, unto God, and decks
them with imputed righteoufnefs and imparted grace. And, after
preferving them in life according to their defire, he beftows upon.
them his unutterable bieflednefs above. May thefe things in Chrift
be the defire of my heart !
5R

God 's fovereignty, power, and faithfulnefs. PSALMS.

Qppr effort folly.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.
a If. 65.22. Song 7.
7, 8. Pf. 52. 8. Hof.
14. 5_8.If.41.19.
&55. 13. &61. 3.
Rev. 7. 9.
t If. 60. 21. Rom. 6.
4,5. & 11. 17. Pf.
I. 3. Ezek. 47. 12,
a Pel. 3. 18.
s Joh 17. 9. Prov. 4.
18. If. 44. 3, 4. Jer.
17. 8. & 31. 12.
I Heb. 2r«n.
Ezek.. 47. 12.
n Pf. 25. 8. Deut.
32. 4. Rom. 9. 14.
a Tim. 4. 8. Heb.
6. 10.2 Thef, 1.6,
7'

1 2 q The righteous fhall flourifh like
the palm tree : he fhall grow like a cedar
in Lebanon.
.13 Thofe that r be planted in the houfe
of the Lord fhall flourifh in the courts
of our God.
14 5 They fhall ftill bring forth. fruit
in old age ; they fliall be fat and ' flou-

age

a Pf. 96. 10. St 97. 1.
Sc 99. 1, if. 52. 7.
Kev.ji. 15, 17.
fe Job 40. 10. Pf. 104.
1. & 96. 6, 7, 9.
t-Pr. 6j. 6. If. 11. j.
with 8. 9.
d Pf. 96. 10. Sc soz.
zS. Sc 125. 1. Mat.
36. 18. Heb. 6. S.
&2. 5.
•ePf. 45. 6. &S9.4,
29, 36.
* Heb. from then.
JPf. 90. 2. Prov. 8.
23. Mic. 5. 2.
J Tim. _ 17. &
6. 16.
j Pf. 18. 4. & 69. 1,
». & 2. 1— 3. Aa»
iv. v. vii. &c. Rev.
vi. viii. xii. xiii.
with Jer. 46. 7, 8.
If. 17. 12, 13.
fe Pf. 29. IO. & 65. 7.
Col. 2. 15. PIT 2.
4, 5. & no. 5, 6.
Rev. 17. 14.
iPf.I9.7,S.Heb.6. 17, 18. Mat. 5. 18.
k Ezek.43.12. Zech.
14. 20,21. Rel . 21.
27. If. 60, 21.
i Heb. >• ioifli e/

rifhing ;
1 5 To fhew " that the Lord is upright:
he is my rock, and there is no unrigh
teoufnefs in him.
PSALM XCIII.
This pfalm is a triumphant celebration of the govern
ment of Jehovah, and of Jefus our Redeemer, in
( 1 ) The awfulnefe, ftrength, ftability, and duration,
of it; 1, 2. (2) In his triumphant victories over
all oppofition; 3,4. (3) In the faithfulnefs and
certainty of his words, and the hoiinefs of his
court; 5.
THE "Lord reigneth, bhe is clothed
with majefty ; the Lord is clothed
with ftrength, wherewith he hath c girded
himfelf: d the world alfo is eftablifhed,
that it cannot be moved.
2 e Thy throne is eftablifhed * of old :
f thou art from everlafting.
3 s The floods have lifted up, O Lord,
the floods have lifted up their voice ; the
floods lift up their waves.
4 h The Lord on high is mightier
than the noife of many waters, yea, than
the mighty waves of the fea.
5 5 Thy teftimonies are very fure :
k hoiinefs becometh thine houfe, O Lord,
f for ever. P S A L , M XCIV.
This is a pfalm for the afflicted people of God; in
which, ( 1 ) God's Juft vengeance is implored upon
- their haughty, active, cruel, and atheiftical, opprefi-

Reflections upon Psalm XCII. — Whatever our engage
ments be, we are bound at leaft to begin and end every day with
prayer and praife. And they, who have lively experience of
God's love and faithfulnefs, will delight in daily fhewing forth his
falvation. None, but fuch as are ignorant or wicked, will difre
gard his work of creation or providence; and much lefs that of
redemption. But fhort-lived is the flourifhing of wicked men,
and dreadful the mifery in which it iffues: and yet how God is
glorified and the faints comforted by it! But pleafant and profit
able to themfelves and others, and honourable to God, fhall be
the fpiritual growth of thofe who are planted in Chrift, and live in
continued fellowfbip with him. 3

Before Chrift
cir. 1057.

Deut. 32.' 35. Nah.
1.2,6. %cm. 12.19.
b Heb. fhine forth.
Pf. 80. I.

earth: e render a reward" to" the ^'"¦*°-

& Cen. 18. 15. Pf.
50. 6.

feon, whofe folly is expofed from the confideration of
God's works of creation, providence, and grace;
1 — 11. (2) His gracious comforts are prefented to
the perfecuted faints, viz. that he will blefs them in
and by their afflictions, and give them reft after
them, while their enemies are ruined ; that God will
not caft them off when caft down, but will, in his due
time, reduce things to their right courfe : — to verify
which, the pfalmift produces part of his own expe
rience; 12 — 24.
OLORD a God, to whom vengeance a "tf l^TSf:
belongeth ; O God, to whom venge
ance belongeth ; b fhew thyfelf.
2 cLift up thyfelf, d thou Tudge of cPf-7-6.&68.i &
the -_._l_ . !;..-_J-.. iJ . ° .. 44.*6.&74.22.
proud. 3 Lord, f how long fhall the wicked, eI& _,*,;:££:*
how long fhall the wicked triumph ? rpr.,3,2.job2o.f.
4 How long fhall they * utter and fpeak " jF&'iM:
hard things, and all the workers of ini- h'-H'II,":'4'
quity boaft themfelves ?
5 h They break in pieces thy people, O h <(' r&^k*-
Lord, and afflift thine heritage. I'S|*
6 They flay the widow and the ftran- ^hitj^7''
and murder the fatherlefs.
x Yet they fay, The Lord fhall not '^ ____•;_$
fee', neither fhall the God of Jacob re- V-ilV^"'
gard it.
8 k Underftand, ye brutifh among the kw.»_6.tt».i«
1 1 r 1 1 -li ° > I Cor. 2; 14. Dent.
people, and ye fools, when will ye be j3ci.T&f'5e'"'
wife ?
9 l He that planted the ear, fliall he ' St^p.™
not hear? he that formed the eye, fhall
he not fee ?
10 He that m chaftifeth the heathen,
fliall not he correct ? he that n teacheth
man knowledge, fhall not he know f
1 1 ° The Lord knoweth the thoughts o.c-.j. „.„,..
_ _ . O 21. Rom. 1.21,22.
of man, that they are vanity.
12 p Bleffed is the man whom thou r,£2&ui>%$s
chafteneft, O Lord, and teacheft him flf-vfi'"^
' 67,71- Ptov- 3-"*
out of thy law ;

ger,

Pf. 147. 5. Heb. 4.
13. Rev. z. 23.

m Gen. vii. xiv. xix.
. Exod. vii— xiv.
Jofli.vi — xii. Judg.
iii. iv. vii. xi.
Sec. Amos 3. 2.
n Job 3.2. 8.&35. 11.

Reflections upon Psalm XCIII. — Solid and believing views
of Jefus Chrift are excellent means to fubdue the pride, and re
move the fear, of man. They, who have him for their King and
Keeper, have no reafon to be moved from their ftedfaftnefs. No
earthly difhonours need difquiet thofe who have Chrift, the Lord
of all, to te their Father and Portion. No troubles need difmay
thofe who are by grace made one with the King eternal. No
changes need difcontent them who have God's fure teftimonies,
for their heritage and the ground of their hope. None need be
afhamed of hoiinefs, which is the ornament of God's nature, of
his renewed hearts, his church, and his heaven.

Saints' relief. Sinners punifhed.

PSALMS. God praifed. Warnings againf unbelief.

Before Chrift
cir. 1057,

13 ^ That thou mayeft give him reft
hhiim. 16. 2 Thef. from the days of adverfity, until the pit
1. 6— 9. II. 65. 12 ,v 1/-1 . , , J ' r
-i6.2Cor.4. ,7, be digged for the wicked.
14 rFor the Lord will not Caft off* his
people, neither will he forfake his inhe
ritance. 15 But s judgment fhall return unto

18
rlSam.i2.22.Roin. 11. 12. Heb. 13. 5.
Pf. 37. 2S. Jer. 32.
39, 40. Ezek. 39.
29. if. 49. 15. Sc
44. 21.
sPf.115.3. Deut. 32,
35, 36. Job 35. 14.

righteoufnefs : and all the

uprig

ht in

y Or quickly. Pf. 143
7. & 13. 2, 3.

aPf. 61. z. 2 Cor. 1.
3, 4. Sc j. 6. Hab.
j. is-is. within

'iP-'^sr heart 4 fha11 follow it#
Mat. 5. 4. , Pet. ^ u yjsjnQ W-J1, r'£-e u_ £or me agaJnfl.
*ll9izlilt!lo. the evil doers? or who will ftand up for
me againft the workers of iniquity?
"r^&^uf;. 17 x Unlefs the Lord had been my
2Co™'i?io*.Vl2. help, my foul had * almoft dwelt in
filence.
, l8 When I ^id, * My foot flippeth ;
*b"s'.5i4'r'46'4' thy mercy, O Lord, held me up.
19 aIn the multitude of my thoughts
me thy comforts delight my
foul.
fc4_£'j6ob43'4P<i'7'' 20 b Shall the throne of iniquity have
,9- fellowfhip with thee, which c frameth
Clf.IO.I. Pf. 58.2. . . I '
yisc^^T'6' mifchief by a law r
iDan.6.6. pr.2. 1 21 d They gather themfelves together
— t. Pf. 18. 2. ver. . ¦* ^ , O
4-6. ' " " againft the foul of the righteous, and
condemn the innocent blood.
"Sfft."'*"'- 22 e But the Lord is my defence;
9^1-4.9.^01. an(j m„ q0(j -j. ^g rocii 0f my refuge.
<pr.7.i6.&9-i6, 22 f And he fhall bring upon them
17. & S5«a3* Prov. +J Or
Lm.h^'.'ifl: their own iniquity, and fhall cut them
off in their own wickednefs ; yea, the
Lord our God fhall cut them otf.
PSALM XCV.
This pfalm contains (1) Solemn calls to celebrate the
praifes of Jefus Chrift and his Father, on account of
what he is, what he has done, and what he is to us,

. 2 Thef. 1. 1—

and we to him ; 1—7. (2) Alarming warnings to

hear his voice, and not to harden our hearts, as the
Ifraelites did in the defert, who on that account were
debarred from the promifed land; 7 — n.

cir. 1045.

OaCOME, let us fing unto the
Lord : let us make a joyful noife
to the brock of our falvation.
2 Let us c come before his prefence
with thankfgiving, and make a joyful
noife unto him with pfalms.
3 d For the Lord is a great God, and
a great King above all gods.

a Eph. 5. 19. Col.
3. 16. Pf. 101. u
Zech. 8. 21. Pf.
34. 2. Sc 148. 1— •
14. Sc 150. 1—6.
biCor.lo.4.Pf.89. 26.
c Heb, prevent his
face. Pf. 24. 6. SC
ICO. z, 4.

f the ftrength of the hills

Reflections upon Psalm XCIV. — Saints muft always ex
pect manifold injuries and oppreflions in this world. But never
muft they ufurp God's prerogative in avenging themfelves, but
patiently endure, and wait for the day when he that judges righ
teoufly fhall arife to punifh their adverfaries. When men are
abandoned by God to themfelves, how their heart, hands, and
tongue, concur in abufing him and his people ! Aftonilhing is
their atheifm and ftupidity! They fink even below common fenfe.
But God makes the correction of his people to iffue in their in
ftruclion, and in their fpiritual or eternal reft and fafety, while
their wicked enemies are ruined. In due time he will rectify all
feeming diforders ; and the righteoufnefs of his judgments fhall be
made clearly manifeft, to the encouragement of the upright to
follow him, and to praife him for his providences. And thrice
happy are they who have treafured up manifold experiences of
God's ihpporr, comfort, and deliverance, in their times of ex-
*rem# diftrefs] It will encourage them to expeft the proper, fea-

4 c "" In his hand are the deep places
of the earth
is his alfo.
5 s The fea is his, and he made it :
and his hands formed the dry land.
6 O come, h let us worfhip and bow
down : let us kneel before the Lord
1 our maker.
7 k For he is our God ; and we are the
people of his pafture, and the fheep of his
hand. l To day, if ye will hear his
voice, 8 m Harden not your heart, " as in the
T provocation, and as in the day of temp
tation in the wildernefs :
9 • When your fathers tempted me,
proved me, and faw my work.
10 p Forty years long was I grieved t Num. 14.3,, 34.
J J . i i~ • i T • Deut. 1.1. & 9. 7.
with this generation, and faid, It is a %f%ffi%f£L
42. & ic6. 6—29.
Ezek. 20. 5—24.

d Pf. 96. 4. & 97. 9.
Sc 135. 5. Deut.
10. 17. Tit. 2. ij.
1 Tim. 6. 15. Rev.
17. 14. & 19. 16.
e Pf. 24. 1. fc 135-6.
Jer. ji. 37.
* Heb. in whofe.
f Or the height of the .
hilts are hit.
Num. 23. 22.
gHeb. IVtlofe the fet
is. Cell. 1. 9, 10.
hPf.45.ll.&8g.7, Exod. 4. 31.
I Kin. 8. 54.
i John 1. 3. If. 54.5.
k Exod. io/js & 19.
S, 6. & 79. 13. &
joo. 3.
I Heb. 3. 7. & 4. 7.
Prov. 27. 1.2 Cor.
5. 2. Luke 19. 9.
m 2 Chr. 30. 8. Heb.
J.I2,I3.fcl2.25.
11 Exod. 17. z, j.
Num. 14. 22, 27.
Sc ic. it. Deut. 63.
16.
f Heb. emlention.
o Pf. 78. 40, 41, 56.
I Cor. 10. 9.

people that do err in their heart, and they
have not known my ways :
1 1 1 Unto whom I fware in my wrath
+ that they fhould not enter into my %***,.¥ the} ,*«¦*
reft.

i\ Heh. 3. II, 19. _
4. 9, II.

fonable, and righteous, nlin of all the enemies of the church,
whether wicked courts in Ifrael, Affyrians, Chaldeans, Syro-
grecians, obftinate Jews, Romifh Heathens, Antichriftians, or
others.
Reflections upon Psalm XCV. — God richly deferves our
higheft and moft cordial praife. And we fhould invite one an
other to this bleffed employ. How great is he, pofTeffed of every
neceffary, infinite, and eternal excellency ! How glorious his
formation of all things, and his extenfive dominion over them !
How delightful, and effective of bleffings unnumbered, is his new
covenant relation to men! — But, if he be our Saviour and King,
it is proper, it is necefTary, that we be obedient fubjedts. To none
but fuch is he the author of eternal falvation. To day, without a
moment's delay, we ought to hear his voice in the gofpel, and to
receive the offers of his grace. However (lightly men pafs over
their fins, they are highly provoking in God's fight. And difbe-
5R2

Calls to praife. Chrif 's kingdom.

PSALMS.

God's majefiy and righteous judgments.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

PSALM XCVT.
This pfalm was part ofthe hymn fung at the tranflation
ofthe ark from the houfe of Obed-edom to the city of
David; [1 Chron. xvi. I. 22 — 33] but relates to
the calling of the Gentiles to our Redeemer. Here
are ( 1 ) Solemn calls to afcribe praifes and glory to
our high and great Immanuel; 1 — 9. (2) Loud
proclamations of Jefus' eflablifhment of his gofpel
church, and of his coming to judge the world, to the
great joy of his friends ; 1 0 — 1 3 .
a S I N G unto the Lord a new
fing unto the Lord, all the

a 1 Chr. 16. 23—33. &~\.
Pf. ?!„ 3. Sc 47. ,1. S B
& 66. 1, 4. fc 67. O a r
3,5. &68.}2.fc %^ long
i 98. 1. & ice. I.Ac o
"i-1- earth.

0_ Sing unto the Lord, blefs his name ;
bj£v.'7?'.„&ss.'s- b fhew forth his falvation from day to
day.

& jo,. 1.

e j£££#£- "3 c Declare his glory among the hea-
*%Z**k then> his wonders among all people.
fc^.l-lfjli?" 4 d For the Lord is great, and greatly
e pr u ,6'-s sc to ^ praifed : he /r to be feared above
135.15-18. if. a 11 o-nAc,
40. 18— 20. & 44. "-ii guut>.
^c":l°^6. - 5 For c all the gods of the nations are
rpir&*>49&93!£ idols : but the Lord made the heavens.
gpr. 29.1,2 & „. 6 f Honour and majefty are before
^V;.9-,': '^' him : ftrength and beauty are in his
* Rev. 5.9._ 7.10, fanctuary.
J2. fc 14. 7. fc 15. _V , — _. . •
3-4- 7 gGive unto the Lord, O ye kin-
< Keb. of hisname. d d £ h people, give unto the Lord
SMal. Mi.R0m.12. 1 n 1
sAieb. glory and ftrength.
- » - 8 h Give unto the Lord the glory

. I Pet. 2.5.3
J}. 16.

fanftuaryf ' Pf. 29. . , . ¦ 1 • rr '
».&no.2. flue unto h\s name: 1 bring an offering,
1 &99.*i!'if^?<3',7: and come into his courts.
a!!'i8.3R5ev.'ij.?5' p O worfhip the Lord k in the
"i^pf^.T?: beauty of hoiinefs : fear before him, all
If. 9. 6, 7. & 66. , J ,
ji. mc. S. 5. the earth.
Zeth. 9. 10. Luke 111 711
*•'*• 10 Say among the heathen that 'the
*{?& ?)?£„¦ it: Lord reigneth : m the world alfo fhall be
2/— 5. & }Z. 1) 10* O
&4».j. eftablifhed that it fhall not be moved:

¦m'.9&'48?'j-m'- n he fhall judge the people righteoufly.
n° Let the heavens rejoice, and let

17. & 15. 3, 4. Se
,9. 1—7.

lief of his promifes is one of the greateft infults that we can put
upon him. That heart is hardened indeed, whom the great and
precious promifes of the gofpel cannot affect. Let us take warn
ing by the ruin of others, that we fall not after the fame example
of unbelief. Though God bear long with us, he will not bear
always. The mercies which we have received from him, as well
as the wilfulnefs of our ignorance, and our love to our errors, will
fearfully aggravate our fin. And dreadful will be our cafe, if by
his irrevocable oath he once exclude us from his new covenant,
his celeftiaj-j, reft, on account of our defpifing it when offered to us
in the gofpel.
Reflections upon Psalm XCVI.— -Since to us Gentiles
7

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

the earth be glad : let the fea roar, and
the fulnefs thereof
1 2 Let the field be joyful, and all that
is therein : then fhall all the trees of the
wood rejoice
13 Before the Lord ; p for he cometh, r,fc-g*&t*
for he cometh to judge the earth : he fhall ^ITltX j£
judge the world with righteoufnefs, and ,,>1-'
the people with his truth.
PSALM XCVII.
This pfalm is in the fame ftrain with the preceding; and
contains (i) Solemn calls to the Gentile nations to
rejoice at the equity and extent of Jefus' new tefta
ment kingdom, and at the deftruction of hardened
Jews and heathen idolaters, occafioned . by the efta-
blifhment thereof; I — 7. (2) Reprefentations of
the pure and holy joy of the faints on account of Je
fus' highnefs, the glory of God manifefted therein,
and of the care taken for their fafety and csmfort; * '*!','„
„ J J j j ' j bPf.96. 1. if. 24. 15,
O— 1 2. 16. & 42. 10—12.
fc 49. 1 J. Rev. 10.
HE aLoRD reigneth ; b let the earth
rejoice ;
be glad thereof.

let the c

2 d Clouds and

C Heb. man*, or great
multitude of ifles £¦£&'*%.
1. _ 51. 5. Sc 60.
9. &60. 19. Zeph.
- - z. H, Mal. 1. H.
darknefs are round K'lE
about him: c righteoufnefs and judgment 'bTk'Su;
are the * habitation of his throne.
2 f A fire goeth before him, and burn ,
¦J m D » • Or eflthhfhmsta.
eth up his enemies round about. fDeut.32.2z. pr.
4 g His lightnings enlightened the
world : the earth faw and trembled.
5 h The hills melted like wax at the g pf. 77. is. & 104.
prefence ofthe Lord, at the prefence of h u^6\ M'ic',.
the » Lord of the whole earth. f^,"!,H*

e.See Pf. 89. 14. Se
4S. 6.

21. Q— 12. & SO. J.
Mal, 4.1. Mat. 22.
7. Rev. 61 17. &
& viii. ix. xvi. XX,
& 21. 8.

ri orfl - ¦ pf- *4- J- »*• (6- »•
"_" Dan. 7. 14. If. 54. s.

k Pf. 19. 1. fc 50. 6.
If. 45. 8. Pf. 98. 3.

6 k The heavens declare his
teoufnefs, and all the people fee his
glOry. 1 Exod. 2C 4. Lev,
7 x Confounded be all they that ferve $..\?%£ 8>
graven images, that boaft themfelves of »*>**• h*->.s.
idols: worfhip him, all ye m gods. "&#"¦_}»=_
I 7 S O Rev, 1 1. 17, fc iz.
8 "Zion heard, and was glad; and the Ijg;f_'7*z°,&

Jefus Chrift and his word of falvation are now come,, let us, in
fongs ever frelh, ever cordial, publifh the glories of his grace, and
the wonders of his redeeming mercy, power, hoiinefs, and ma
jefty. Let us acknowledge him as our faving Sovereign, pr-efent
ourfelves to him as living facrifices, and in the pure, ordinances of
his grace worfhip him with pure hearts, and in a reverent and, holy
manner. Let us rejoice that his kingdom has been, is, and will
be, eftablifhed among the Gentiles on earth. Let us,, with joy,
hope for thefe latter days, in which Satan- fhall be bound, and all
the kingdoms on earth fubjected to the righteous and merciful
government of our Redeemer. And let us, with more exalted
joy, expect his coming in the clouds, with power and great glory,
to judge, and finally decide, the eternal ftate of men and angels.

Jefus and his falvation celebrated.

PSALMS.

Be/ore Chrift
cir. 1045.

cPhil. 2. 9— 11.
Eph. 1. 21. Pi'. 95.
J. & 96. 4-

pPf. 34. 14. Amos 5.
15. Rom. 12. 9.
q P.". 16. 1. & 17- 7,
8. & 25. 20. & 59.
I. 2 Cor. 1. 10. If.
46.4.

»Efth. 8. 16. Pf. 112.
4. & 18. 28. Mic.
7. 8, 9. I John 3.
2. Col. 3. 4.
«Pf.i2. 11.&33. 1.
Phil. 4. 4-
t Or to the memorial.
Pf. 30.4. & 89.35.
Exod. 15. 11. Hab.
I. u, 13.

»Pf. 35. 3. &96. J.
II.42. 10. Rev. 15.
3,4. &14. 3.
b If. 59. 16 & 63. 5,
Dan. 9. 24. Col. 2.
15. Pf. no. 2 — 6.
Rev. 6. 2, 17. fc
11. 17.
Clf. 52. ic. Mark 16.
15. Tit. 2. II. Pf.
22. 31. If. 46. 13.
Sc 61. 10.
d Or revealed. Rom.
1. 17. & 3. 21, 22.
eMic.7.20. Luke I.
54, 68—75-

f If. 52. 10. & 45. 22.
& 42. 6, 7. fc 49.
1 ' 8. Lukez.jp. Heb.
2. 3. Tit. z. n.
tPf.95. 1. & ICO. I.
& 66. I, 4. fc 67.
' 3, 5. Sc 47. 1,5—
7. & 149. 2. If. 44.
23. & 42. 10.

daughters of Judah rejoiced ; becaufe of
thy judgments, O Lord.
9 ° For thou, Lord, art high above
all the earth : thou art exalted far above
all gods.
10 Ye that love the Lord, p hate evil :
q he preferveth the fouls of his faints ; he
delivereth them out of the hand of the
wicked. 1 1 '' Light is fown for the righteous,
and gladnefs for the upright in heart.
1 2 s Rejoice in the Lord, ye righteous ;
and give thanks lat the remembrance of
his hoiinefs. PSALM XCVIII.
This pfalm infifts on the fame fubject as the two preced
ing ; and contains ( I ) Demands of praife to the
Redeemer, for the wonders he hath wrought, the
victories he hath won, the difcoveries he hath made,
and the promifes he fulfils; I — 3. (2) Demands of
univerfal and high rejoicing at the erection and efta-
hlifhment of his gofpel church, and at his ceming in
the clouds to judge the world; 4—9.
A pfalm.
OaSING unto the Lord a new fong,
for he hath done marvellous things :
b his right hand and his holy arm hath
gotten him the victory.
2 c The Lord hath made known his
falvation : his righteoufnefs hath he
d openly fhewed in the fight of the hea
then. 2 e He hath remembered his mercy
and his truth toward the houfe of Ifrael :
1 ah the ends of the earth have feen the
falvation of our God.
4 E Make a joyful noife unto the Lord,
all the earth : make a loud noife, and
rejoice, and fing praife.

Reflections upon Psalm XCVII. — However myfterious
and unfearchable God's providences be, they are always juft and
equal. A great fhaking of the natrons, by the Roman and other
conquefts, ufhered in the gofpel kingdom of our Lord Jefus
Chrift. A, great deftruction of obftinate Jews and Heathens, and
overturning of idolatry in the world, attended the erection and
fpread of it. And a great overturning of Antichriftians, Mahome
tans, and all their falfe worfhip, fhall yet take place in its moft glo
rious period. No exalted potentates^ no mighty nations, nor fixed
cuftoms of wickednefs, fhall be able to withftand his conquering
influence. Let faints then rejoice in his dignity of perfon, office,
and ftate j in his gracious prefervation and deliverance of his
people; in the comforts and glory which he has prepared for
them j and in his righteous judgments upon their implacable foes.

25- CC 8l. I, 2. SC
J5°- 3— S- Rev. 14.
a, 3. & 19. 1—7.

An exhortation to worfhip Gftd.
5 h Sing unto the Lord with the IT^
harp ; with the harp and the voice of a h pr. l}. 2, 3. & t».
pfalm. 6 With trumpets and found of cornet
make a joyful noife before the Lord the
King. 7 'Let the fea roar, and the fulnefs I7i.9f;I,_^.»
thereof: the world, and they that dwell ^.'Vofii9'Rev.&
. •* xv. xix.
therein. 8 Let the floods clap their hands : let
the hills be joyful together
9 k Before the Lord; for he cometh to fc&|:J?s&^t
judge the earth : with righteoufnefs Ihall 5,61V16""
JO D t iS^.Deut.
he judge the world, and the people with
equity.

Cen.
 32.4..
zThef. 1. 6—9.

PSALM XCIX.
Thh pfalm is of the fame general nature with the three
preceding ; and calls men to revere, worfhip, and
praife, the Meffiah and his Father, ( j ) For the
glory, greatnefs, mercy,, and equity, of his govern
ment; 1 — 5. (2) For the inftances- of his kindnefs.
to Ifrael, in remarkably regarding and honouring
their noted deliverers and reformers ; 6 — 9.
THE a Lord reigneth ; let the people
tremble : b he fitteth between the
cherubims ; let the earth * be moved.
2 c The Lord is great in Zion, d and
he is high above all people.
2 Let them praife thy e great and ter
rible name, for it is f holy.
4 The king's e ftrength alfo loveth
judgment : thou doft H eftablifh equity ;
thou executeft judgment and righteouf
nefs in Jacob.
5 ' Exalt ye the Lord our God, and
worfhip at k his footftool ; for +" he is
holy. 6 r Mofes and Aaron among his priefts,

aPf. 93. 1. &96. io;
Sc cff. 1. Mat. 28.
18. John 5. 22.
Rev. II. 15, 17.
Pf.89.7-
b Pf. 80. 1. Exod. if.
22. 2 Cor. 5. 19,
20. If. 42. 21.
* Heb. flayer.
c Pf. 48. 1, z. & 76.
I.&29.9.&&9.7.-
Rev. 14. 1.
d Pr. 97. 9. Exod. 18.
II, Pf. 6617. Dan.
4- 34, 35-
e Deut. 7. 21. Neh.
1.5. & 4.14. Sc 9..
23. Job 37. 22. Pf.
47. 2. & 66. 3, 5.
Rev. 15. 3, 4.
f Exod. 15. II. Jolh.
24. 19. 1 Sam. 2. z,
Pf. III. 9. & 145,
•T-
g Pf. 28. 8. Sc 27. r.
Sc 46. 1. Sc 73. 26.
& 81. 1. Job 36. 5.
Pf. 147. 5.
h Oen. 18. 25. Deut.
32. 4. Zeph. ,. 5,
Nell. 9. 13; Pf. 45.
6,7. & 119. 137.
i Ver. 9. Pf. 34. 3. &
96, 7. Luke I. 47..
k 1 Chr. 28. 2 2 Kin..
19: 15. 2 Sam. 6.2.
t Or it is holy.
1 Exod. 19. II, 44.
1 Sam. 7.9. Rev..
1. 6.

And let their delight in his. hoiinefs inflame their love, to himfelf^
and their hatred of fin.
Reflections upont Psalm XCVIII. — While I review thefe
lofty notes, let me think what is Jehovah ! What is Jefus to. my-
heart ] What of his marvellous incarnation, miracles, life,, deadly
refurrection, and afcenfion ; of his love to finners ;-. and; of his-
gifts of pardon, grace, and glory; have I feen! What of his vic
tories over fin, Satan, the world, and death ; and' of his righteauG-
nefs and falvation manifefted in the gofpel ; have I known, believed,,
and embraced T What of his mercy and truth, in fulfilling his pro
mifes, have I experienced! What of his coming in power to gather
the world to himfelf, and of his coming m glory to judge the world^,
do I know,, believe, and rejoice in hope.ofl

Exhortations to praife.

PSALMS.

David's piety.

Bch°.rio45? and Samuel among them that call upon
mExod; xxxiJ. his name ; m they called upon the Lord,
xvi!Tsam'.viixjdi' and he anfwered them.
«*Z!:»scs9. 7 n He fpake unto them in the cloudy
?*2__.,_.s- pillar : ° they kept his teftimonies, and
0z8.96'john9T.-. the ordinance that he gave them.
v Exod. ,2. ,o,,4, 8 PThou anfweredft them, O Lord
UiSSfc4"19, our God: thou waft a God that forgaveft
them, though thou tookeft vengeance of
their inventions.
'*£ De'u,p32683'.4' 9 q Exalt the Lord our God, and wor-
rpr.2.6.&48.i,2. fhip at r his holy hill ; for the Lord our

, sam. 2. z. Hab.,. God is s holy.
.. .. rr . .i. s-

12,13. If* 5- 16. fc
.-». 3. RCV. 4/8.

* Of thankfgiving.
l Pf. 47. 1. & 61
4. & 117. 1. II
15, 16. & 42.

a Pf. 47. 1. & 66. 1,
4. & 117. 1. If. 24.
•- ,.10—

PSALM C.
Tins pfalm ( 1 ) Contains a folemn call to the Gentiles
to praife God and rejoice in him; I — 4. (2) Fur-
nijhes us with matter of praife ; viz. that he is God,
and ftands nearly related to us; and that his mercy
and truth are everlafting; 3, 5.
A pfalm of * praife.

SEiA/TAKE aa joyful noife unto the
*_-:-_.-* 1VL Lord, + all ye lam
1 Chr. _8. 9. Pf.
46. 10, John 1. 14.

T nci). an ine cann. ' •> —
b ,chr. 28. 9. pf. 2 Serve the Lord with gladnefs : come

johnVzo1.1'14' before his prefence with finging
^sVkVH 2 b Know ye that the LoRD he is God ;
%T:;lLc«,it is he that hath < made us, * and not
d Ezek. 34. 30, 31. we ourfelves ; d we are his people, and
Pf. 95. 7. Exod. on r i • n
19.5,6. 1 Pet. 2. the fheep of his pafture.
9. John 10. 1—29. r r ¦ 1 1 1 r
ipej.z.25.2chi. ^ e Enter into his gates with thankf-
*pr. 66.^3- &us. giving, and into his courts with praife:
Wdj'icij. be thankful unto him, and blefs his
I, 8,4 21, 31; & -„-
CXXXV. CXXXV1. Hemic
"_S!&7gsf.a?& 5 For the Lord is good ; f his mercy
-Vleiliit is everlafting; and his truth endureth H to
H w'^KT a11 generations.

PSALM CI.

Before Chrift
cir. 1055.
This pfalm was probably compofed when David affumed ,or I048-
the government of his kingdom ; and contains his holy
refolutions (1) To make God's, mercies and judg
ments the connected matter of bis fong ; and to walk
circumfpectly before his family, through the affifting
prefence of God; 1, 2. (2) Ta purge his family
and kingdom ; difcouraging and punifhing perfons mif
chievous and wicked, flander erf, liars, and deceitful
workers; and encouraging the pious; 3 — 8.
A pfalm of David.
Ia WILL fing of mercy and judg- a!!$£ ,*"£.'
ment: unto thee, O Lord, will I __vf_5fS; fra_-
19. 1—7. pr. 48.
II. & 97. 8.
2 . b I will behave myfelf wifely in a " '7*™- ,8--1*- Pf-
perfect way. c O when wilt thou come ck.4o.i7.„7o.j.
unto me ? d I will walk within my houfe dzsam.»3.}.
with a perfect heart. 'Tim. 3.4,5.
3 e I will fet no * wicked thing before e^-1,;ZS*'-
mine eyes : I f hate the work of them •Heb.iiinf./_i,w,
that * turn afide; it fhall not cleave, to f*^if-»,~-
me. 4

fing.

g Pf. 125. s- & 78.
* A froward heart fhall depart from bpr!.g.„.Deut.
me : I will not 'know a wicked perfon. W'l&Vvft11'

5 k Whofo privily flandereth his neigh- ''Trllh^ftl
bour, him will I cut off: ' him that hath "f ,
an high look and a proud heart will not 1 iSlJ-
r rr 1 Vtm. 6. 16—19. &
lutfer. jaii.pr.iig.6.
6 m Mine eyes fhall be upon the faith- mK.m.'I} .'.Prir.
ful of the land, that they may dwell with tfi? Jj,Rw'
me : he that walketh + in a perfedf: way, *%£**'•«*
he fhall ferve me.
7 n He that worketh deceit Ihall not "?,&?•£ £|
dwell within my houfe : he that telleth 1°-8'l6&'6'1-
lies + fhall not tarry in my fight. t^iffd.m,it
8 ° I will early deftroy all the wicked opr.75.i°.j«._.
of the land ; that I may cut off all wicked

doers from the p city of the Lord.

pPf.48.z,8. 1— hr.
6.6. Hof. 9.3.

Reflections upon Psalm XCIX. — Terrible is Jefus' royal
power and dominion to his enemies ; but comfortable and kindly
awing to his faints. And in mercy, wifdom, and righteoufnefs,
he executes his office. God honours, and holds intimate fellow
fhip with, thofe who are remarkably given to prayer ; and effectual
are their interceffions for the prefervation of nations and churches.
But he will make the deareft of them to fmart feverely for their
fin in this life, notwithftanding they are fixed in a pardoned ftate.
Great praife is due to God for his mercies. And deep awe and
inward purity are neceffary in worfhipping him that is infi
nitely holy.
Reflections upon Psalm C. — What joyful praife, what
grateful thankfgiving, what cheerful and hearty fervice, do we
Gentiles owe to the Lord! — to him who is Jehovah, the infi
nite all! — to him who forms us both in nature and in grace! —
to him who is our high Proprietor and Redeemer, our kind Shep

herd, Leader, Provider, and Provifion ! — to him who is good in
himfelf, and whofe mercy and truth are for ever exerted in the
fulfilment of gracious and new covenant promifes to ranfomed
men! Reflections upon Psalm CI. — The lot of faints on earth is
a ftrange mixture of mercies and judgments. But all of them,
taken in their connection and tendency, are to be improved as
matter of praife and thanklgiying. Fellowfhip with, and in
fluences from, God muft ftrengthen and animate us to every holy
practice. Serious godlinefs is the moft fubftantial wifdom; and
to act for G*od in the religious management of families, kingdoms,
or in other relative ftations, is a noted branch of it. With the
utmoft care ought men, by whatever power they have, to difcou
rage every thing wicked, and to encourage every thing virtuous
and holy. But it is in vain to attempt inftrudting or reforming
others, if we do not fet them an example in our own practice.

Saints' griefs, hopes, and comforts.

PSALMS.

Chr if 's eternity and unchangeablenefs.

Before Chrift
cir. 1056.

• Or fir.
a Pf. 61. z. fc 69. 1,
z. & 142. 1—5.
Lam. 3. 1—66.
If. 38. 14.
b Pf, 4. 1. & 5, 2. &
130. z.& 141.1,2.
& 17. 6.
ePf. 10. 1.&IJ, 1—
4. & 27. 9. & 6. z
-4. &J59. 16, 17.
& 143. 7. Sc 40.
17. & 130, z.
d Pf. 32. 3,4. & 38.
zo. Sc 119. 83.
Jam, 4. 14.
f Or (as fome read)
into j mole.
e Job 30. 30. Vf. 22.
14, 15. & 32. 4.
Lam. 4.8. Sc 3.4,
fPf. 6. 3. -22. 14.
' Sc 88. 3, 15, 16. Sc
143. 3, 4. Job 6. 4.
Lam. 3. 11, 13, 15
—17.
g Job 19. 20. Lam. 4.
8. Prov. 17. 22. If.
38.10—13. 2 Cor.
1. 7. Pf. 6. 6, 7.
t Or flefh.
h Ver. 7. Job 30. 29.
If. 38. 14, 15. Mic.
1. 8.
i Pf.6. 6. & 77.4. &
ze. 16. Job 7. 13—
16. Deut. it. 66.
67.
k Job 19. 18. &30. 9.
Pf.35.i5.&26.6— 8.„69.c_ll,zo.
IPf. 2. 1. Afls 26. 11.
&23.14. Sc 12. 1.
m2Sam. 13.19. Mic.
1. 10. Lam. 3. 15,
16. 11'. 30. 23.
flJ0b3.z4.Pf. 42. 3.
& 80. 5. & 60. 3.
Lam. 3. 48, 49.
oPf. 6. 1. & 38. 1.
& 77. 2—9. fc 88.
I — 18. Lam, 3.1 —
19- If- 51- 17, 20,
22. & 57. 17.
1> Pf. 73. 18—20. &
4z-4>7-&J09-23. fc 3"- 6, 7-
q Pf. 109. 23. Sc 39.
5, 6.' & 144. 6.
Eccl. 6. 12. Jam.
4.14.
t Ver. 4. If. 40. 6.
Jam. 1. 10. Pi.103.
15, 16.
8 Pf. 90. i,z. iTim.
6. 16. Pf. 135. 13.
Lam, 5. 19, Exod,
3. 15.

PSALM CII.
This pfalm relates to fome grievous diftrefs; and contains
(1) Bitter complaints, of divine hidings and wrath;
ef fore bodily troubles; of inward griefs and per
plexities ; of calumniating reproaches ; of fudden
changes of condition ; and of apparent nearnefs to
death; i—ii. (2) Seafonable comforts againft
thefe grievances, drawn from the eternity and un
changeablenefs of God; 12, 24, 27 : from the deli
verances, fpread, and eftabllfhment, which he will
grant to his church in anfwer to the prayers, and
for the comfort, of his afflicted people ; 1 3 — 28 .
A prayer * of the afflicted, when he is
* overwhelmed, and poureth out his
complaint before the Lord.
HEAR b my prayer, O Lord, and
let my cry come unto thee.
2 c Hide not thy face from me in the
day when I am in trouble ; incline thine
ear unto me : in the day when I call an
fwer me fpeedily.
3 d For my days are confumed * like
fmoke, e and my bones are burned as an
hearth. 4 f My heart is fmitten, and withered my

grafs

fo that I

forget to

eat

like
bread. 5 s By reafon of the voice of my
groaning my bones cleave to my + fkin.
6 h I am like a pelican of the wilder
nefs : I am like an owl of the defert.
7*1 watch, and am as a fparrow alone
upon the houfe top.
8 k Mine enemies reproach me all the
day ; and they that are 1 mad againft me
are fworn againft me.
9 m For I have eaten afhes like bread,
and "mingled my drink with weeping.

10 ° Becaufe

of thine indignation and

a fhadow that
withered like

thy wrath : for thou «• haft lifted me up
and caft me down.
1 1 1 My days are like
declineth ; and r I am
grafs. 12 But thou, O Lord, s fhalt endure
for ever ; and thy remembrance unto all
generations.

Reflections upon Psalm CII. — To what low condition
God reduces his church and people, for the exercife and trial of
their grace, and for exciting their more importunate prayers! In
darknefs, vexation, and trouble, their days often poft toward an
end. Afflicted, difpirited, and pained, in their heart; and their

1 2 ' Thou fhalt arife, and have mercy
upon Zion : for the time to favour her,
yea, .the fet time, is come.
1 4 u For thy fervants take pleafure in
her ftones, and favour the duft thereef.
1 5 x So the heathen fhall fear the name
of the Lord, and all the kings of the
earth thy glory.
1 6 y When the Lord fhall build up
Zion he fhall appear in his glory.
1 7 z He will regard the prayer of the
deftitute, and not defpife their prayer.
18 a This fhall be written for the
generation to come : and b the people
which fhall be created fhall praife the
Lord. 19 cFor he hath looked down from
the height of his fanctuary ; from heaven
did the Lord behold the earth ;
20 d To hear the groaning of the pri
foner ; to loofe " thofe that are appointed
to death ;
• 21 e To declare the name of the
Lord in Zion, and his praife in Jeru
falem ;
22 f When the people are gathered to
gether, and the^ kingdoms, to ferve the
Lord. 23 He E weakened my ftrength in the
way; he fhortened my days.

Before Chrifl
cir. 1056.
tPr.51.18._44.26. fc69- 35, 36. Dan
9. 2, 16— -19.
11 Pf. 79. 1. Dan. 9. z '
—19. Neh. 1. 3— -
JI. & 2. 13.

x Pf. 126. 1—3. If.
60. 1, 3, 5- & 55.
5. Sc 14. 1. Zech.
8. 20—23. Rev.
ZI. 24. -

y If. 44. 23,26. Zech-;
2. 5,8. If. 2. 2— 5..
fc 60. I, 19, 20.
zPf.9. 18.&72. 12.
If. 41. 17, 18.
Deut. 32. 36.
aDan. 9.2. Rom. ij,.
4. John 20. 31.
b Pf. 22. 27—31. &
45. 16, 17. Eph, 2.
10, 15.

ePf. 14. z. &11.4..
& 33- 13. iChr.
16.9.

dExoiI.2.23— 25. &-
3. 7,8. Pf. 79. 11.
Zech. 9. ii, Jer.
51. 34-
11 Heb. the children of
death.

f. 51. II. Sc 43. ZI.
PIT 51. 191& 79.
13. Eph. 3. zi. Sc

z. 4—7.

fHof. 1. n. Set. f.
If. 60. 4-8. Pf.
72.8— 1 1. Zech. 3.
20—23.

g Heb. affMlcd. PC .
89.38— 47. Job 21.
zj-

24 h I faid, O my God, take me not » vf*L;z If- #¦
i Deut. 33. 27. Pf. 9.
7. & 90. 1, z. Hate.
I. 12. ver. iz. .
1 Tim. 1. 17.
k Heb. 1. 10. Gen. !.
Exod. 20. ll.,Pf.
Z4. 1. & 33. 6. Jer.
32. 17.

away in the midft of my days : ' thy
years are throughout all generations.
25 k Of old haft thou laid the founda
tion of the earth : and the heavens are
the work of thy hands.
26 ' They fliall perifh, but thou fhalt
endure : yea, all of them fhall wax old
like a garment ; as a vefture fhalt thou
change them, and they fhall be changed :
27 m But thou art the fame, and thy
years fhall have no end.
28 The n children of thy fervants
fhall continue, and their feed fhall be
eftablifhed before thee.

llf. 51. 6, 8. Rom.8.
20—22. If. 65. 17.
& 66. 22. 2 E8t. 3.
7, 10.
* Heb. fland.

m Mal. 3. 6. Jam. r.
17. Heb. 13. 8.
1 Tim. 1. 1-. „ 6,
16. If. 9.6,7.
n Pf. 69. 36. fc 4;.
16, 17. Mat. 16.
' ii If. 45. 17. &
59. 19—21. & 6j.
zj, fc 66. 22.

body wafted to fkin and bones : like owls and pelicans, they fhun
converfe and comfort, and pine away in melancholy folitude.
Often, like lonely fparrows, they are debarred from reft and fleep,
and are deferted by friends, or avoid their company : are expofed
to the reproach and fury of inveterate enemies — opprefled with.

.

God's mercies to David and Ifrael.

Vie i re Chrift
cir. 104Z.

»-iJfcr. z, 22. Pf. 104,
I. Sc 146. .1, 2.
Luke 1. 47. 1 Cor.
14. 15. Pf. 32. 11.
— 33. 1. Rev. 14.

bPf. 116. IZ. I Chr,
16.12. Pf.cv.cvii.
exxxvi. cxiv.
exlvi, If. 63. 7.
e .Mat. 9. 2.6. Luke
7.47. If. 33.24. &
43. 25. & 44. 22.
Pf. 130. 8.
A Exod. it. 26. Pf.
4i-4.-KH.S-* 57. 18. & 54. II.
e Job 33. 25. Pf) 30.
5. & 71. 23. Rev.
5. 9. fc 7. 10.
fPr.5. iz. &86.13.
g Pf. 81. 10. & 65. 4.
Sc 23.5. &90. 14.
Eph. 3. 17, 19.
1) If. 40. 31. Hof. 2.
15. 2 Cor. 4. 16.
lPf.l46.7.&io.i7, 18. & 72, 4. Deut.
32. 36-
_ Pf. 147. 19. Neh.
9. 7— 22. Exod. iii
to Deut. xxxiv.

lExod.i34,6,7.Num. 14. 18. Deut. 5.10.
¦Seh.9. 17. VS. 85.
3, 10. Jer. 32. 18.

¦m Pf. 30. 5. If. 57.
.16. Jer 3. 5. Mic.
7. 18, 19.
n Ezra 9. 13. Job I r.
6. Lain. 3. 22. Hab.
3. 2.. Rom. 5. 20.

PSALM cm.
In this pfalm David labours to promote thankful
praifes to God for his kindnefs in redemption ; and in
the four following for his kindnefs in creation and
external providence. Here ( I ) He earneftly firs
up himfelf to praife God for favours to himfelf in
particular, for pardon of fins, healing of difeafes,
redemption from death, I — 5 ; and for his mercies
to his people, in revealing his mind to them, pardon
ing their fins, fympathizing with their weaknefs,
pitying their afflictions, and perpetuating his new
covenant mercy towards them and their feed; 6 — 18.
(2) Confcious of his own infeufficiency, he requefts
the affiftance of angels, and of all the works of God,
to praife him who is their Sovereign; 19 — 22.
A pfalm of David.
BLESS a the Lord, O my foul; and
all that is within me, blefs his holy
name. 2 Blefs the Lord, O my foul, and
b forget not all his benefits :
3 Who c forgiveth all thine iniquities ";
d who healeth all thy difeafes ;
4 e Who redeemeth thy life from de
ftruction ; f who crowneth thee with
loving kindnefs and tender mercies ;
5 s Who fatisfieth thy mouth with good
things', fo that h thy youth is renewed
like the eagle's.
6 The ' Lord executeth righteouf
nefs and judgment for all that are op
prefled. 7 k He made known his ways unto
Mofes, his ads unto the childien of
Ifrael. 8 i The Lord is merciful and gra
cious, flow to anger, and plenteous in
mercy. 9 m He will not always chide : neither
will he keep his anger for ever.
10 " He hath not dealt with us after

PSALMS. High praifes demanded for God.
our fins ; nor rewarded us accordine to

Before Chrift
cir. 1042.

grief — overwhelmed with a fenfe of God's indignation, in his
.fadden and awful changing of their comforts into depths of mifery,
till near the grave and .apparently near the pit! But g'reat is the
mercy that they have, notwithftanding, a God, a hearer of prayer,
to whom they may complain ; and a heart to pour out before him.
Be the afflictions xff the righteous as numerous as they will, the
eternal Saviour has, and does, and will, deliver them out of them
all. He has fixed the periods of his church's deliverance, and
iffued forth promifes afcertaining the fame. While with deep
concern his fervant-, are affected with her ruinous cafe, and pour
forth their importunate prayers, he wfll fly to her relief, to the
converfion of multitudes and the terror of obftinate oppofers.
tVhat he did in former times, in delivering from Babylon, in erect -

spr.90. 5,6. ip«,
ex Cs I.- 24.
he 1<*i4-i>».Jam.i,
"** 10, 11.

our iniquities.
1 1 For, ° as the heaven is high above °*$ht7£te%t.
the earth, fo great is his mercy toward & §.%%,£: $s:
them that fear him. ~i"s< fl_,J;i»
1 2 p As far as the eaft is from the weft, "&?,•?£££
fo far hath he removed our tranfgreflions Epi^M'18''9"
from us.
13 q Like as a father pitieth his chil- q 7?t kV".';
dren, fo the Lord pitieth them that fear ^.i"8'
him. 14 r For he knoweth our frame; he '"^.v?:1,
remembereth that we are duft.
15 s As for man, his days are
grafs : ' as a flower of the field, fo
flourifheth. 16 "For the wind paffeth over it, and "L^,.7^-
* it is gone ; and the place thereof x fhall *>**. .,,,«,.
1 -. Xjob.7.6— 10.&29,
know it no more : 9 «• 37. *=, ,&.
17 ?But the mercy ofthe Lord is r2Vtf__£_
from everlafting to everlafting upon them I3-6Exo4"-6<
that fear him; and z his righteoufnefs *55*_V-8-
unto children's children ;
18 a To fuch as keep his covenant,
and to thofe that remember his com
mandments to do them
19 b The Lord hath prepared his
throne in the heavens ; and his kingdom
ruleth over all.
20 c Blefs the Lord, ye his angels,
d that excel in fti
commandments, voice of his word.
21 Blefs ye the Lord, all ye f his
hofts ; ye minifters of his, that do his
pleafure. 22 « Blefs the Lord, all his works in »£;£&£.'£
all places of his dominion : blefs the
Lord, O my foul.

2 Cor 5. 21.
a Deut. 7. 9. If. 64.
5. 1 Cor. 15. 58.
zTim. 4. 7,8.
R -m. z. 7, IO. If.
3.10. 2 Tim. 4. 7.
bPf. 1 15. 3. If. 66. 1.
Dan. 4. 34, 35.
iph. 1. 11.

ength,

hearkening

that e do his
unto the

c Pf. 148. z. vet. zi.
d Heb. mighty in
flrenvth. e Kin. 19.
35. Pf. 78. 25. fc
104. 4. & 68. 17.
e Mat. 6. IO. & 18.
10. & 26. 53. Dan.
9.23.
rCen. 32. z. 1 Kin.
zz. 19. zChr. 18-
18. Luke 2. 13.
Heb. 1. 14. Pf.
104. 4.

ing the new teftament church, and in deftroying her Jewifh and
Heathen perfecutors, encourages us to hope for more glorious de
liverances from Antichrift, and at laft from the world that lieth
in wickednefs. And, whatever diftrefTes befall the redeemed in
their way to the heavenly manfions, Jefus' eternity fecures the per-
feverance and liability of his church, and of every true member
of it.
Reflections upon Psalm CIII. — Our hearts need to be
much encouraged and excited, even to the moft proper and moft
delightful exercifes. And in dealing with God our hearts ought
to be wholly engaged. But how fhameful it is that we ever forget,
that we fo early forget, his mercies1! — his mercies fo great, fo ne-

God s works of creation

PSALMS.

and providence.

Before Chrift
cir. 1042.

PSALM CIV.
This pfalm was perhaps compofed along with the preced
ing one; and contains (1) High celebrations of
God as the^ God of nature ; particularly of his ap
pearances in his heavenly palaces; 1 — 4: of his
creation of the fea and dry land; 5 — 9 : ofthe pro
vifion which he makes for his creatures, according to
their refipeftiye needs; 10— 28 : and of his fove
reign dominion and influence over them; 29 — 32.
(2) Holy refolutions to meditate on and praife the
Lord, in the view of his deftruction of the wicked ;
33—35-
'T^'*"03' "DLESS a the Lord, O my foul. O
fc«°jeV;I,._i*- " -*-* Lord my God, b thou art very
exoL'^i9' great ; c thou art clothed with honour and
cpr.«.i.&96.6. majefty.
.cen. ,.,.1 Tim. 2 Who covereft thyfelf d with light as
6. 16. r John 1. 5. • , fJ J , t>
7.Dan.7.9,>°- with a garment ; e who ftretcheft out the
'Si!:.7;.^: heavens like a curtain ;
^"•''- "¦• 3 f Who layeth the beams of his cham-
fPf.24.z.AmoS9. bers in the waters; e who maketh the
tK19-1.pr.65.il, cl°U(is his chariot ; h who walketh upon
* u. Hab. 3. 8. ' tne wmgS 0f the wind ;
3-6.m°c.i"3;J: 4 J Who maketh his angels fpirits ; his

^'.zKln^.,: minifters a flaming fire ;
5 k Who laid the foundations of the
earth, that it fhould not be removed for

Sc6. 17. 2 Thef. 1
7,8.

kHeb. We hath
founded the earth
upon her hates.
jib 26. 7. & 38. ever.
»:&i3s.6.ecci: 6 ' Thou coveredft it with the deep as
i cen. 1. z, 9. job 38. with a garment: the waters ftood above
8, 25. Gen. 7, 19. , ° .
the mountains.
_ cen. 1. 9, 10. sc j m At thy rebuke they fled ; at the
voice of thy thunder they hafted away.
• or7_i>»i»!f_ii 8 * They go up by the mountains ;
.fiend, the valleys . - 11 1 11 1
iejeend. they go down by the valleys unto the
place which thou haft founded for them.
njobi6.,o.&38. n n Thou haft fet a bound that they
9-n. pr. ,3. 7. y j
i"'js.u \T£' may not Pa^s over5 tnat they turn not
again to cover the earth.
«Deut.s.7. 10 otHe fendeth the fprings into the
its.b.whejendcth. va]iejS5 which + run among the hills.
^"^,9. 1 1 p They give drink to every beaft of
5, &_*.;._, t^ £eld; the wild afles "quench their
I Heb. break. , ¦ n
„„. . thirft.
^ Heb. give a Vo:te. /lit! *~1 r* 1
£zek.i7.i3.Mat. j 2 By them fhall the fowls of the
1 pr. 65. 9-11, job heaven have their habitation ; which i fing
|:|',]:|'10' among the branches.
1 2 r He watereth the hills from his

Ezek. 34. 26.
Deut. 11. II.
Heb. 6. 7.

ceffary, fo numerous, fo connected, fo everlafting! — his un
bounded compaffion to us, who are fo mean, fo frail, fo polluted! —
his free, full, and everlafting, pardons fhould humble our hearts,
and animate us to holy fear, love, and obedience. "And, while all
Vol. I.

* chambers : the earth is fatisfied with
the fruit of thy works.

Before Chrift
cir. 3042.

* Heavens, or
cloudn.

14 s He caufeth the grafs to grow for s Gen. 1.29,30.4-,.
the cattle, and herb for the fervice of <f iS/&V<£s'
man : that he may bring forth food out Pi°*- «¦' •?•
of the earth ;
15 And c wine that maketh glad the f 9r.°iVfi-i>-V'
heart of man, and u oil to make his face *^j&%.y\%
to fliine, and * bread which ftrengtheneth tfirfffizt.
' O 5. Mat. 6. 17.
man s heart. x ,f. ,. ,. & „. ,7.
16 y The trees ofthe Lord are full of ™"*'lt
J y Pf. 29. 5. & 92. 12,
fap; the cedars of Lebanon, which he ?„£&£ ''*
hath planted ;
Where the birds make their ' "aiS^lii-i'l.
1^

ftork, the fir trees are aLev..i.i9.Dcut. 14. 18.

45.7.
Heb. all the leyit
thereof do trample
in the foreft.

l7
nefts : as for the
her houfe.
18 b The high hills are a refuge for k z?2?'
the wild goats, and the rocks for c the cYf°:^£:lff.
conies. 1 9 d He appointeth the moon for fea- * 4-e|- pf'4^^-"
fons; the fun knoweth his going: doWn. 31- 35- job 38.12!
20 e Thou makeft darknefs, and it is e °tfi. ?4-5i6. is.
night ; wherein + all the beafts of the t
foreft do creep forth.
21 f The young lions roar after their ^X^.'^'pi^I:
prey, and* feek their meat from God. s^c-mms.
22 The % fun arifeth, they gather ee<*i-i.s. Mat. 5.
» ' J £> 45. Song 4. 8. Nab.
themfelves together, and lay them down *¦ I2-
in their dens.
23 h Man goeth forth to his work and 4^21-1^.3."
to his labour until the evening.
24 O Lord, i how manifold are thy "pTo'v'/.tj5^'
works ! in wifdom haft thou made them
all : the earth is full of k thy riches
25 So is 1 this great and wide fea, 1^
wherein are things creeping innumerable
both fmall and great beafts.
26 m There go the fhips : there is that »»£¦-•'**"•
"leviathan, whom thou haft + made to n°en-'- "•**'*'•,
play therein. t^eb. formed.
2 j ° Thefe wait all upon thee; that ° £¦£«,'!; £;£

kGen. 14.19. Pf. Z4.
1. Sc 33. 5.

4, 5. Gen t.
. Hab. 1. 14,

95. 4, 5, Gen r.
20, 21. '

6.8.

thou mayeft give them their meat in due ml'ifi^wr.
feafon. 28 That thou giveft them they gather:
thou openeft thine hand, they are filled

with good.

his creatures in heaven and earth concur to blefs and ferve him,
furely we above all, whom Chrift hath redeemed by his blood,
fhould never be filent, never be flothful !
5 S

God's joy and his people's in his works.
d^^f 29 r Thou hideft thy face, they are
r ft. 30. 7. with troubled: ithou takeft away their breath,
Rom. 11. j6, Afls . ,. , 1 • 1 A_
•7- 25. coi. ,. ,7. they die, and return to their duft.
" J.Q46 % Ec'ciI5,2P7r: 30 r Thou fendeft forth thy fpirit , they
'3? fpiYsV™ are created: and thou °reneweft the face
r^.LH'.57'' ofthe earth.
'-I fit iP5{:^z? 31 t The glory of the Lord II fhall
-65.17,18. endure for ever : "the Lord fhall rejoice
t Afts 7. 2. Pf. 29. 2. • , . , J
. Heb. fhaii he. m hls works.
» Gen. ,. 3,. Exod. 22 x He looketh on the earth, and it
*pf ui 7 &68 s t^embleth : he toucheth the hills, and
ExoXi^/gty: they fmoke.
Ka'h!^4'!'^ 33 7 I will mig unto tne Lord as long
ypi. 34.i.'&7,.8 as I live: I will fing praife to my God
— 24. &63. 4. & l_'l T 1 1 •
ms. 2. Hab. 3. i«. while 1 have my being.
Phil. 4. 6. 2 Cor. J S>
*• '*• 34 '" My meditation of him fliall be
' iJ,%lu.tdS: fweet : I will be glad in the Lord.
Phil. 4.4. Luke s> r 1
Iw»7- 35 a Let the finners be confumed out
"l&yi^&ss: of the earth, and let the wicked be no
more. Blefs thou the Lord, O my foul.
k Heb. Hallelujah. ----- J

PSALMS.

Calls to praife God for his mercies <

Rev. Jg. 1, 3,4,6. » .traile ye the Lord.
PSALM

CV.

TZizV ^/ri/»2 ww a part of the folemn hymn fung at the
tranfiation of the ark from the houfe of Obed-edom to
the city of David; [1 Chron. xvi.] and contains
( 1 ) Solemn calls to meditate on, feek, magnify, and
«. praife, God, tvho is fe great, fo gracious, .and fe
nearly connected with us; 1 —7. (2) A narrative
of the particular mercies of God to Ifrael for the
fpace of four hundred and eighty years, as grounds of
praife ; particularly * His covenant with their pa
triarchs; 8 — 11: ''¦His care of them while ftran
gers and fojourners ; 12— -15: 3 Uis advancement
of Jofeph to be the fhepherd and ftone of Ifrael ;
16 — 22: '4 His increafing them in Egypt, and at
laft delivering them from it, by inflicting manifold
a 1 Chr. 16. 8— 22. plague s on the Egyptians; 23 — 38. 5 His care of
1—26. ' them in the wildernefs, and fettling them in Canaan
kPf.40. 10.& 145. as a peculiar people to himfelf ; 39 — 45.

J,6. 11. Jer. 50.
z8. & 51. 10.
clff. 48.11, & 33. 1.
&146.1, 2. &149.
1,2

OaGIVE thanks unto the Lord;
call upon his name : b make known
« 1 cor. 1. 31. k. 45. his deeds among the people.
25. Pf. 34. 2. Jer. <-> . 1 s
2 c Sing unto him, fmg pfalms unto

9. 24. pr. 149. 2.
^Ti"^1:1' him: talk ye of all his wondrous works.
iChr. 22. 19. & J -_._-
z8. 9. Phil. 3. 3.
&4-4-

3 d Glory ye in his holy name : e let

Reflections upon Psalm CIV. — Great is the glory, the
awful majefty, the infinite goodnefs and mercy, of our God ! In
what bright abodes of light is he enthroned! While clouds and
winds convey the influences of his power, angelic hofts, made by
himfelf, furround his feat and bear his meffages. Eftablifhed
earth and bounded feas confefs his power. Springs below, rains
from above, fruitful fields, and towering trees, neftling birds,
fhining luminaries, changing feafons, ravenous animals, fwarming
fifties and their fpacious fea, and labouring man his Maker's

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

the heart of them rejoice that feek the
Lord. -
4 f Seek the Lord, and his « ftrength : ^^r,.?:
feek his face evermore. BArk.pf.78.«i._ 132. 8.
5 h Remember' his marvellous works hpr. 77.,,. Deut.
that he hath done ; his wonders, and the y.V'&it.^ia.
• 1 n . - , K '35- 4-
judgments ot his mouth ;
6 ' O ye feed of Abraham his fervant, ''l^tltd^t
ye children of Jacob his chofen.
7 kHe is the Lord our God; ' his "»."». '
judgments are in all the earth. 1&48'.iiP&^.,1'
8 mHe hath remembered his. covenant m,chr.,6.iS.pr.
for ever, the word which he commanded Neh; v- ^^
~ 20. 0. Dan. 9. 4.
to a thoufand generations.
0 n Which covenant he made with "zz^ic-'ilT&irl
Abraham, and his oath unto Ifaac ; ^ei^Vli11'
10 And confirmed the fame unto Ja- ™-*-8-^-
cob for a law, and to Ifrael for an ever
lafting covenant :
1 1 Saying, "Unto thee will I give the °£_S7;t3:

k Gen. 17. 7, Exotl.

land of Canaan, p the lot of your inherit

ance

pHeb. the cord. loth.
13.6. & 14.2. Pf.
78.55 Deut. 32.9.

12 When they were but ia few men i?e:-i<-A°-Dcnt-
in number; yea, very few, and r ftrangers rGen.i7.8.&28.4.
J ' J ° Sc 37. 1. Heb. 11.
Ill it. 9.1*;

13

5 When they went from one nation'

sGen.xii.xiii.xxvi. xxxv. xlvi.

to another, from one kingdom to another
people ;
14 'He fuffered no man to do them tC,:nftt\ltst
wrong: yea, he reproved kings for their 3S'5'
fakes ;
15 Saying, u Touch not mine anointed, ".-T^7-**6,
and do my prophets no harm.
16 Moreover, he x called for J a famine J^^T"
upon the land: he brake the whole '* ftaff «•'•
£ | -, zLev. 26. 26. If 3.1.
of bread. Ezek.4. 16. pi;

1 7 * He fent a man before them, ' even

a Gen. 45. 5. & 50.
20. Sc 37. 28.

Jofeph, who was fold for a fervant :
1 8 b Whofe feet they hurt with fetters : "£•«¦">•*»•
* he was laid in iron : * ™ftSml"""'
1 o Until the time that his * word c c=n. 41. 1-4*
1 1 r 1 t • , 1 ¦ ™h ,Pet' ,'7-
came : the word of the Lord tried him

Afls 7. 10.

image, all preferved, all maintained, all governed, by his power,
his kindnefs, and his care, owe their whole felves and fervice to
this mighty Lord ! Can he then, who hangs a whole creation on
his arm, and feeds them at his board, let flip a ranfomed child, or
let him ftarve ? While he with pleafure upholds all, governs all,
and rejoices in all, his works, let my foul, touched by his grace,
meditate and praife: and, while obftinate finners are confumed
from earth, and fhut up in hell, let my Hofannas and Hallelujahs
afcend to him that loved me and gave himfelf for me.

f offers affiiaion and honour. PSA
20 d The king fent and loofed him,
even the ruler of the people, and let him
go free.
21 °He made him lord of his houfe,
and ruler of all his t fubftance :
22 To bind his princes at his pleafure,
and teach his fena'tors wifdom.
23 f Ifrael alfo came into Egypt ; and
Jacob fojourned in the land of Ham.

fiefbre Chrift
cir. 1706.
d Gen. 41. 14. Ails
7. 10.
e Acls 7. 10. Gen.
41. 40—44.
f Heb. poffeffion.

f Gen. if,. 6. Jofh.
24.4. Pf. 78. 51.
Acls 7. 15.

g Exod. 1. 7, 12, 20,
Heb. II. 12. Deut.
26. 5. Adts 7. 17.

24 s And he

his

greatly ; and made

people
ftronger than

increafed them
their enemies.
25 k He turned their heart to hate his
z3.'&^-i* people, to deal fubtilly with his fervants

1590,
ll Exod. I. 8—22. &
2.2
Aa
i Exod. 3. 10. Sc 4.

26

Pf. 77- 20. Mic 6.
4. Afts 7. 35, 36.
k Exod. 7. 9. Pf. 78.
43—SI. & 135. 8,
9. Acls 7. 36. Jer.
32. 20.
t Heb. words of his
figns.
1 Exod, 10. 22.
ui Mofes and Aaron.
Ver. 26. Exod. 10.
9,26.

He fent Mofes his fervant, and
\
1 They fhewed his

Sl7'- Aaron whom he had chofen.

figns

among

, 2?
them, and wonders in the land of Ham.
28 i He fent darknefs, and made it
dark ; and m they rebelled not againft his
word. 29 n He turned their waters into blood,
n Exod. 7. M. pf. 78. and flew their fifh.
20 ° Their land brought forth frogs in
abundance, in the chambers of their
kings. 31 p He fpake, and there came divers
forts of flies and lice in all their coafts.
2 1 tt He gave them hail for rain, and

« Exod. 8. 6. Pf. 78.
45-

p Exod. 8. 17, 24.
Pf.78.45.

q Exod. 9.23. Pf. 78. «
47- 5" "~ &¦
meb. He Save their flaming 'fire in their land

rain hail.

I Exod. 10.4, 13, Pf.
78.46-

s Exod. 10. 14, 15.
Joel 2. 3—11, 20.

33
fig trees ;

He fmote their vines alfo and their
and brake the trees of their
coafts. 34 r He fpake, and the locufts came,
and caterpillars, and that without num
ber, 2S s And did eat up all the herbs in their
land, and devoured the fruit of their

ground.

Reflections upon Psalm CV. — How infinitely excellent is
this God, who deferves fuch gratitude, fuch praife, fuch fearch,
fuch confidence ! Marvellous is his covenant relation to us, and
covenanted mercies towards us: and thrice happy are they who
have him their own and their fathers' God ! Happy are they who
know the judgments of his mouth, his word, and live thereby;
and for whofe welfare the judgments of his hand are executed in
all the earth ! From mean appearances God's great manifeftations
of himfelf take their rife. But great is the care he takes of his
chofen in this world, where they are but few and ftrangers. He
that touches them touches the apple of his eye. And apparent
difficulties eafily vanifh before the power of a promifing God.
But how myfterious are his ways of providence ! When things

L M S. Egypt plagued. Ifraelites delivered.
26 lHe fmote alfo all the firft-born in

Before Chrift
cir. 1590.
their land, the chief of all their ftrength. t e*„. .2. 29. pi.
He brought them forth alfo with ?'y,6'-w- "cb-"
gold

37

One u Exorl. 12. ;;, 36.
Gen. 15. 14. Acts
13. 17.

x Exod. 12. 33.
149 1.

y Exod. 13. ZI, 22,
Num. 9. 15 — za,
Neh. 9. 12, 19.

filver and gold: and there was not
feeble perfon among their tribes.
38 x Egypt was glad when they de
parted : for the fear of them fell upon
them. 39 y He fpread a cloud for a covering;
and fire to give light in the night.
40 l fhe people afked, and he brought "n^Vd-?:
quails; and fatisfied them with the bread zi-tfo^Mo.
1 - . Neh. 9, zo.
of heaven.
41 a He opened the
waters gufhed out
places like a river.
b For he remembered his holy pro- b f j.1;. &V"*
and Abraham his fervant.
cAnd h

rock, and the "%*,'$£$'%
they ran in the dry ££%»• +

42
mife, 43 cAnd he brought forth his people c^1^/e,,|J"
with joy, and his chofen with * gladnefs •

And

gave them the lands of the

* Heb. finging.

44 xi.x^ 5"'- •."v-m m^ idliuci UI lijv^ i Deut. 6. 10, 11.
heathen ; and they inherited the labour S'i?„!V£-
of the people ;
45 e That they might obferve his
ftatutes, and keep his laws. f Praife ye
the Lord.

78. 55. „ 135. 12.
SC 136. 21, 22, -
eDeilt. 4. 1,40. &S.
24, 25. Sc 12. 32,
fHeb. Halleluiah.
Pf. 104. 35. Rev.
J9. I, 3.

PSALM CVI.
This pfalm may be confider ed as a fupplement to the pre
ceding. That exhibited to our view the marvellous
kindnefs of God to Ifrael : this exhibits the fearful
rebellions of Ifrael againft their gracious God. IVe
have here (1) A preface, afcribing praife to God,
exhibiting comfort to his faints, and requefting fa
vours from God; I — 5. (2) An alarming confef-
fion or narrative of Ifrael's wickednefs againft their
God, notwithftanding his marvellous kindnefs to
them; in provoking him at the Red fea; 6 — 12;
in tufting after fenfual gratifications; 13 — 15-; in
mutinying againfl his vicegerents ; 16 — 18: in wor-
jhipphig the golden calf; 19 — 23 : in murmuring
contempt of the promifed land; 24. — 27: in joining

1444.

feem moft againft us, they are often ftrongly working for our
good. Even calumnies and fufferings are made to try and prepare
men for, and advance them to, honour. His church fhall never
want a friend in time of need. He can raife them up protectors
where they leaft expected to find favour. And, if God advance us,
our duty is to difcern his hand, and to adorn our ftation, by mak
ing it fubfervient to his glory. No danger or difficulty muft deter-
us when his work is to be done. — All creatures concur in exe
cuting God's will of judgment or mercy. His protection, deli-'
verance, and care, of his people, are wonderfully connected with
the moft fearful plagues and ruin on their enemies. And through
trials unnumbered, and of long continuance, God's promifes are
at laft perfectly accomplifhed in his people's perfect happinefs.
5 S 2

God's great goodnefs contrafed

PSALMS.

with Ifraefs great iniquities:

Before Chrift
cir. 1044.

with the Moabites and Midianites in the worfhip of
Baal-peor; 28 — 31: in quarrelling with Mofes at
Kadefh; 32,33: in incorporating themfelves with
the Canaanites, and imitating their idolatrous and
cruel cuftoms; 34 — 39. (3) An affecting view of
God's great compaffion to Ifrael, notivitbftanding they
had provoked him to inflict fore and almoft deftruStive
punifhments upon them; 40 — 46. (4) An affec
tionate improvement of his kindnefs, in imploring his
powerful deliverance; and afcription of endlefs praifes
to his name; 47, 48.
PRAISE a ye the Lord. O b give
thanks unto the Lord; for he is
for his mercy endureth for ever.
Who d can utter the mighty acts of
the Lord ? who can fhew forth all his
praife ?
3 Bleffed are they that e keep, judg-

good

a Heb. Hallelujah.
iChr. 16. 34.
b Pf. 107. 1. Sc 118.
1. £136.1. iThel.
5. IS.
ePf, 119.68. Mat.
19. 17. If. 63. 7, 9.
Rom. 5. 20, 21.
Eph. 2. 7.
d Pf. 40. 5. & 139.
17, 18, Job 5. 9.
Pf. 145. 4-7.
ePf. 119. 9. Mat. 22.
£'„¦! eih'6X|s ment, and he that doth righteoufnefs at
all times.
f n^'if'st "l 4 f Remember me, O Lord, with the
H?b.IJ?hi'6.Iii-.169i. favour that thou bear eft unto thy people :
O vifit me with thy falvation ;
5 That I may fee g the good of thy
chofen, that I may rejoice in the gladnefs
of thy nation, that I may glory with
thine inheritance.
6 h We have finned with our fathers ;
we have committed iniquity ; we have
done wickedly.
7 Our fathers l underftood not . thy
wonders in Egypt ; they remembered
not the multitude of thy mercies ; k but
provoked him at the fea, even at the Red
fea. 8 ' Neverthelefs, he faved them for his
name's fake, that he might make his
mighty power to be known.
"pt^fsi 9 ra He rebuked the Red fea alfo, and
it's" n_. i.'4: it was dried up: fo he led them through
Heb. 11. 29. -T O
the depths as through the wildernefs.
1 o n And he faved them from the hand
of him that hated them, and redeemed
them from the hand of the enemy.
11 ° And the waters covered their
enemies : there was not one of them
left. 1 2 p Then believed they his words ;
they fang his praife.
13 1 * They foon forgat his works;
num. 11. 4. pr. 78. they waited not for his counfel :
tneb.tuZ7iufi. r4 [ But f lufted exceedingly in the

7-J5-
gPf. 105. 42, 44. Jer.
3. g. Eph. 1. 3-
9. Sc 2. 4 — ia. If.
35. 10. &66. 10—
14. Sc 12. 6. &
xxv. xxvi.

fc Dan. 9. 5. Ezra 9.
7. Neh. 9. 16 — 34.
Ezek. xvi. xx.
xxiii.

i If. 1. 3. Sc 5. n.
fet. 2- 32. Deut,
32. 15, it.
k Exod. 14. 11, iz.

1 Ezek. 20. 8, o, 44,
& 36. 32. Num.
14. 13—20.

a Exod, 14. 13, 30.
If. 63. 8—14.
Ueut. ji. 2—7.

lExorl 14.27. Sc 15.
5, io, 12. Pf. 74.
13,1.1. &78. 53. &
136. 15.

p Exod. 14. 31. „
15. I.
« Exod. 15. 24. &
16. 2. & 17. 2.
* Hob. 'They made
hufle, they format.

wildernefs, and tempted God in the de
fert. 1 5 s And he gave them their requeft ;
but fent leannefs into- their foul.
16 l They envied Mofes alfo in the
camp, and Aaron the faint of the Lord.
17" The earth opened, and fwallowed
up Dathan, and covered the company of
Abiram. 1 8 * And a fire was kindled in their
company; the flame burned up the
wicked. 1 9 ^ They made a calf in Horeb, and
worfhipped the molten image.
20 l Thus they changed their glory
into the fimilitude of an ox that eateth
grafs. 2 1 a They forgat God their Saviour,
which had done b great things in Egypt ;
22 Wondrous works in the land of
Ham, and terrible things by the Red fea.
23 c Therefore he faid that he would
deftroy them, had not Mofes his chofen
ftood before him in the breach, to turn
away his wrath, left he fhould deftroy
them. 24 Yea, d they defpifed e the pleafant
land ; f they believed not his word :
25 e But murmured in their tents,
and .hearkened -not unto the voice of the
Lord. 26 Therefore he h lifted up his hand
againft them, to overthrow them in the
wildernefs.: 27 + To overthrow their feed alfo
among the nations, and to ' fcatter them
in the lands.
28 k They joined themfelves alfo unto
Baal-peor, and ate the facrifices of the
dead. 29 Thus 'they provoked him to anger
with their inventions : and the m plague
brake, in upon them.
30 " Then ftood up Phinehas, and exe
cuted judgment : andyo ° the plague was
ftayed. 31 And that was p counted unto him
for righteoufnefs unto all generations for
evermore. 32 I They angered him alfo at the

Before Chrift'
cir. 1491.

s Num. 11. 31, 33.
Pf. 78. 29, 31. K.
10. 16.

t Num. 16, 1, Sec.
with Lev. 21. 6-—
8.
uNum. 16.31. &26.
io, 1 1. Deut. 1 1. 6.

x Num. 16. 35, 46.
&Z6.10, &Z7.3.

y Exqd. 32. 4—6.
Deut. 10. 12, si.
Neh. 9. 18.
zjei. 2. n.Rom.l.
-zJr 149 1.

a Deut. 3Z. 15, 18.
Jer. z. 32. ver. 13,
b Exod. vii. xii. xiv.
Deut. 4. 34. Sc j.
18, 10. Jolh, Z4. 5
—j. Neh. 9. 10,11.
PI. 74. iz— 15. fc
78.42— 51. & 105.
Z7— 39.
c Exod. 32. 10 — 32.
Dent. 9. 19. Sc 10.
10. with Ezek. zzb
3°-&l3-S-Jer.S.I. If. 59. 16.

d Num. 14. 3, 4,
e Heb. a land of de
fire. Deut. 8. 7. &
II. II, 12. Ezek.
oo . 6.
f Heb. 3. rj — 19,
g Num. 14. z, 4.
h Num. 14. iz, Z7«
37. Pf. 95. 11.
Ezek. zo. 15.
Heb. 3. 11, 18.

X Heb. To male them
fall.
i Lev. 26. 33. Pf. 44.
II. Ezek. 20, 23.

k Num. 25. 3. Sc it.
16. Hof g . 10.
Jofli. 22.17. JOor.
10. 20. with Pf.
US- 4-7-

1 If. 42. 8. Deut. 32.
JO, 17, ZI, 22.
m Num. 25. 3, 9.
Jofli. 21. 17.

n Num. 25. 7—15.
with Dan. 9. 24.
2 Cor. 5. 21.
0 Num. 25. 9. Jon,
1. 15.
p Deut. 24.13. Num.
25. 13.

q Num. zo. 3, it.
Deut. 3. zls. Pt
81.7.

IfraeFs great iniquities

waters of ftrife, fo that it went ill with

1452.

2. 2.
z. 6.

Mofes for their fakes :
22 Becaufe they provoked his fpirit, fo
'j-T.^z.pf.Mi'.i. that he r fpake unadvifedly with his lips.
,judg_ij.zi-36.& ^ ^4 s xhey did not deftroy the na-
t Deut. 7. 2, 16. & tions, c concerning whom the Lord
20. 10— 10. Num. iii ^
35- s»- commanded them :
]n^:ii"T,ti(. 25" But were mingled among the hea
then, and learned their works.
%\t%V67jV' 36 x And they ferved their idols ; which
1?. Exod7: %'fz, were a fnare urito them.
vZ'IKh'*. 37 y Yea, they facrificed their fons and
& za. s. jo!*: 23. their daughters unto devils,
y6.Kifnr6'5.jer.i7: 3^ ^nc* ^^ innocent blood, even the
" iiv^H:6i_s! Dlooa of their fons and of their daughters,
„.'R='v.9^.'ver'. whom they facrificed unto the idols of
zN_j.3s.j3.1r... Canaan: and the land was "' polluted with
,5.Bzek.7-23.fcb,ood< 39 Thus were they defiled with their
aEzo°s',6f'Hof.9*i' own works? and a went a whoring with
S__S.L^ their own inventions.
b ir. 42. g. Exod. 20. 4° Therefore b was the wrath of the
li.DjudVz.'i,_: Lord kindled againft his people, info-
^s-zKin. »7.7-mucj1 tnat be abhorred his own inherit
ance.
CJ||3*6^' 41 c And he gave them into the hand
i3,i.isam4iv.Xi. of the heathen ; and they that hated them
xui. xxxi. zKin. 1 i ' , J
*r. &c. ruled over them.
42 Their enemies alfo oppreffed them,
and they were brought into fubjeetion
under their hand.
dS'»?"vLf „_ 43 d Many times did he deliver them ;
Neh. 9. zs, 30. kut tjie„ provo^ecj fcm with their coun-
"0«S"Mtrfel, and were II brought low for their
iniquity. 44 Neverthelefs, he regarded their
eJudV. 3.9. See). 3. -— T . j . . l 1 ¦
ficfn.^^?' affliction e when he heard their cry :

PSALMS. contrafted with God's great goodnefs.
45 f And he remembered for them his drTWs.

Reflections upon Psalm CVI. — Wonderful and thank
worthy are all the deeds, the gracious deeds, of our God. Bleffed
are they who make his word their rule, and his righteoufnefs the
ground of their acceptance, and the example of their holy practice !
Happy are they who enjoy intimate fellowfhip with him in his
faving works and benefits. But how horrid is fin, which feeks to
trample him and all his kindnefs under foot ! And awful is the
reflection that one generation fhould follow another in adding fin
to fin. We need not upbraid the finners who went before us, as
we are involved in the fame fearful crimes. Notwithftanding
both mercies and judgments, how ftupidly infenfible, how ftrangely
forgetful, how difcontented with God's marvellous provifion, how
rebellious againft his deputies and government, — what diftinguifhed
idolaters, murmurers, infidels, adulterers, and how perverfely difobe-
dient — does fin make God's profeffed people ! Often they proceed

covenant, and s repented according to the "*ftfpfffpff
multitude of his mercies. z3.p1.74zo. '
46 h He made them alfo to be pitied of esTdlsc%FsCl.
, . , r , -ii ¦ Exo,J- 5s' H-
all thofe that carried them captives. judTzfis'l'mo,
47 ' Save us, O Lord our God, and Li:ii.Mer'.]>:
gather us from among the heathen, k to fff^ff'^
give thanks unto thy holy (name, and to &":.* 5°' "•
triumph in thy praife. * 'pcV6, 3V !g
48 » Bleffed be the Lord God of Ifrael «*&*£_*
from everlafting to everlafting: and let kpr. 107.1-3.&
O o 115. 1. Luke I-
all the people fay, Amen. Praife ye the ^7*:iCor's-
Lord. 1pr.4j.13.-7z-. 18, 19. Sc 89, 53.
PSALM CVII. lChr'J9'"-
This pfalm may be confide red as an appendix to the two
foregoing. Thofe reprefented the providence of God
toivards his chofen Ifraelites, who prefigured his
gofpel church : this ( I ) Reprefents the providences of
God to the children of men in general, and calls them
to praife him for his kindnefs and mercy, in them :
particularly 1 In directing and gathering travellers,!
whom he had juftly difperfed ; I — 7 : * In deliver
ing prifeoners, whom he had juftly confined; 8—14:
3 In healing the fick, whom he had juftly plagued ;
15 — 22: * In relieving mariners, whom he had
juftly brought into a ftorm ; 23—30 : 5 In chang
ing the condition of territories, perfons, and fami
lies, at his pleafure, to the comfort of his people,
and the reftraining of wickednefs; 31 — 42. (2) It
encourages men to a careful obfervation of God's pro
vidences ; 43.
OaGIVE thanks unto the Lord, for *?*,&.,;.tII*
he is good ; for his mercy endureth g;""-»9.«7-u-
for ever.
2 Let the b redeemed of the Lord fay ^Viht^f,:
fo, whom he hath redeemed from the i'l5'9'
hand ofthe enemy;
3 And c gathered them out of the e^«s.J#i_8t
lands, from the eaft and from the weft,
from the north and from the * fouth. •x*.fi*.

from evil to worfe, till his indignation break forth againft them
without remedy. But great is the mercy when finful-nations and
churches have any among them who, by their prayers and their
zeal, ftand in the gap, and avert the Lord's indignation. With
pleafure he looks upon fuch, and highly honours them oh that
account. But infinite is the goodnefs of our God, who, when
provoked to add one ftroke to another, and to make wicked tempt
ers to fin cruel tormentors for it, is fo ready to ftep in for our
relief, and to rebuke, or even turn the hearts of, them that de
ftroyed us. Never is a penitent prayer poured out into his bofom
but it returns in gracious prefervation and deliverance. Let then*
all our troubles drive us to the throne of grace ; and all our mer
cies, beftowed or promifed, encourage our prayers,, and animate.
our praife.

God's kindnefs to travellers, prifoners,

PSALMS.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

4 d They wandered in the wildernefs
.i4^uT. in a folitary way; they found no city to
8.ls.Nurn.i4.33. . ,. .
Rev. 12.6. dweff in.
eK„_/+§: 5 e Hungry and thirfty, their foul
fainted in them.
f Ho"f. ftf:vfSn. 6 f Then they cried unto the Lord in
9S'H*b94.'.56Iph5n.' their trouble, and he delivered them out
4. 6. Jam. 5. 13,16. . ' _.
of their diftreffes.
: S. \hlb'stll 7 And he * led them forth by the right
3i%a.ic49-jJoTn. way, that they might go to a city of ha
bitation. 8 h Oh that men would praife the Lord

66. 1, 4. & 117. 1,
x'u. kxy. xxvi'. & for his goodnefs, and for his wonderful
works, to the children of men !
^gpg/io: 9 * For he fatisfieth the longing foul,
Luke'i°;53. Ma?' and filleth the hungry foul with good-
5. 6. Afls 14. 17. O J tO
nefs. 10 k Such as fit in darknefs and in the
fhadow of death, being bound in affliction
and iron ;
1 JUgp 11 l Becaufe they rebelled againft the
mpr^l'&iig words of God, and contemned the m coun-
> ' " ' fel of the Moft High :

k Pf. 79. 11. & 105
18. Job 3,5. & 36

1 2 n Therefore he brought down their

11 Exod. 18. 11. Job
40. 11, 12. If. 10,
kp+i.142'4'& heart with labour; they fell down, and

1 Ver. 6, 19, 28. Pf.
18. 6. & 55. 16. &
116. 1 — 7. & 102. . 1 1
77, 20. & 12. s- in their trouble,

there was none to help.
13 " Then they cried unto the Lord
;, and he faved them out
of their diftreffes.
'&'®*__f.£ 14 p He brought them out of darknefs
and the fhadow of death, and brake their
bands in hinder.
svci.8,n,3t. 1 £ 1 Oh that men would praife the
LoRD^cr his goodnefs, and^or his won
derful works, to the children of men !

r If. 45. 2. & 27, 4,
Mic. 2. 1;. A,-*
12. 7. Pf. 147. 7.

1 6 r For he hath broken the gates of

brafs, and cut the bars of iron in funder.
6 & cJJ'g1: & 9i' 6' 17s Fools, x becaufe of their tranfgref-
tpr.38.15. Lam. 1. fion, and becaufe of their iniquities, are
8. Heb. 3. 10, 11. ' I '
jer. 2. ,9. ir. j.,,. affiled. 18 u Their foul abhorreth all manner
of meat-; and they draw near unto the

u Job 33. 20. Pf. 9
ij.ScXS.j.Sciq-.
3. If. 38. 10—13.

x rr. 78. 34, 35. &
s'6. 6, 15,19. cc ts.
H,b.Sc 50. 15.

gates of death.

19 x Then they cry unto the Xord in
their trouble, and he faveth them out of
their diftreffes.
JMzt.tflKin. 20 y He fent his word, and healed
zr„ i, 5. Job 33- n .
zs.pi. 103.4. them, and delivered them from their de-

ftruclions.

: Ver. 1, 8, 15, ti.
II' -:..\ xxv. x:.v:..
ix,.v.&44.zj.^,, n.icsz.cc- 2I z oh that men would praife the

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.

28. Nah, 2. 10. if.
13.7.

orp of- t-ri*»ir " Heb* all their vsif-
dlC dC L1ICI1 dmisfceallouiedip.

t
the afflicled^ failors, &c.
Lord j/or his goodnefs, and for his won
derful works, to the children of men !
22 a And let them facrifice the facrifices ^y.5^',?,"*'
of thankfgiving, and declare his works i."'-'^.^
with + rejoicing. tHAjt-i-.
23 b They that go down to the fea in b le*',*??8' ^ *¦
fhips, that do bufinefs in great waters ;
24 Thefe fee c the works of the Lord, c Ydbltit^;
and his wonders in the deep.
25 d For he commandeth and t raifeth ^I'^f"
the ftormy wind, which lifteth up the Jlani-
waves thereof.
26 e They mount up to. the heaven, "glg^l
they go down again to the depths : f their fPr.2I.I4.&„9i
foul is melted becaufe of trouble
27 They reel to and fro, and ftagger
like a drunken man, and
wit's end.
28 * Then they cry unto the Lord in ^'f^g
their trouble, and he bringeth them out ffl^^6-
of their diftreffes.
29 h He maketh the ftorm a calm, fo h Ja|£5g:fc
that the waves thereof are ftill.
30 Then are they glad, becaufe they
be quiet ; fo he bringeth them unto their
defired haven.
31 'Oh that men would praife the 'IS-i^-fc^
LoRDyisr his goodnefs, andyor his won- gI&3.,JZ^1rM"
derful works, to the children of men !
32 kLet them exalt him alfo iii the k4-*'iai'&j'i*
congregation of the people, and praife
him in the affembly of the elders.
22 He l turneth rivers into a wilder- ' %%%^[\.
nefs, and the water fprings into dry "eptiTcl"'9'
ground ;
34 A fruitful land into m barren nefs, n£.^t
for the wickednefs of them that dwell ,Juds'9 ,5'
therein. jc "He turneth the wildernefs into "£15- $¦ ""A
a ftanding water, and dry ground into
water fprings.
36 ° And there he maketh the hungry ° n'^'i?"-.1,
to dwell, that they may prepare a. city for
habitation ;
2f p And fow the fields, and plant '{Zrl'o^Ts. '
vineyards, which may yield fruits of
increafe. 38 iHe bleffeth them alfo, fo that they 'g^'&r
are multiplied greatly ; and fviffereth not -m-1' p ' ,4+ 14
their cattle to decreafe.

Providences to be carefully obferved.

PSALMS.

David' 's triumphs and prayers.

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.
I Lev. 26. 15 — 39.
Deu . 28. 15—63.
Pf. 106. 41—43.
zKin. 17. -—-;.
Jer. xxxi. Hi.
s Job 11. IS — 21, 24.
j.-lh. 10.16,24,26,
J11.I'.;. 1.6,7. fc 4-
9,21.
* Or void place.
t I Sam- 2.8.2 Sam

39 r Again they are minifhed and
brought low, through oppreffion, afflic

tion, and forrow.

40 sHe poureth contempt upon princes,
and caufeth them to wander in the * wil
dernefs, where there is no way.
41 r Yet fetteth he the poor on high
fci'i.u.'ii7!^: *¦ from affliclion, and maketh him fami
lies like a flock.
42 u The righteous fhall fee //, and
rejoice ; and all iniquity fhall ftop her
mouth. 43 x Whofo is wife, and will obferve
thofe things, even they fhall underftand
the loving-kindnefs of the Lord.
PSALM CVIII.
The firft Jive verfes of this pfalm are taken from Pfal.
lvii. 7 — 12 : and contain praifes and thankfegivings
to God. — Thc other eight aret taken from Pfal. lx.
5 — 1 2 : and contain prayers for, and hopes of, pro
mifed mercies.
A fong or pfalm of David.
/~\ a GOD, my heart is fixed ; I will

3. & 127. 5.
f Or after.
uJob22. 19. &5.16.
Pf. 58. 10. & 6j.
II. Prov. 10. II.
Pf. 92. 11. Sc 91.
8. & 112. 8, 10.
X Pf. 25. iz, 14. &
64. 9. Jer. 9. 12.
Dan. 12. 10. Hof.
14. 9. with if- s.
12. & 26. 9, II.
Pf. 28. 5-

glory.

fing and give praife, even with my

a Tf. 57. 7—1 r. fc
103. i, 2. Sc 34. 1
— 3-& 104. 34. &
92. I, 2.
bPf. 30.11. & 138. b
1. & 71. s, 15,23,
Itkei4^!'3' '' 2 Awake, c pfaltery and harp : I myfelf
c&53.33.2if&6f?'7f will awake early.
^zfzf. zep™ "' 3 I d will praife thee, O Lord, among
zteh^'i's-zj3.' the people : and I will fing praifes unto
thee among the nations.
f^J\ Mic' j. 4 e por tny mercy is great above the
^"Vh"5; heavens
* Or sides.

f Pf. 8. I. Sc no. 1.
Rev. 11. 15, 17.

f Pf. 60. 5— iz.
Exod. 19. 5, 6.
Deut. 32. 9.
h Pf. 54. I. & 35. 1
— I, 23. & 119.
173. & 144. 7.
i Pf. 89. 35, 36.
I Sam. 13. 14. Sc
15. 28. 2 Sam. 7.
8—16.

and thy truth reacheth unto
the * clouds.
5 f Be thou exalted, O God, above the
heavens ; and thy glory above all the
earth ;
6 g That thy heloved may be delivered :
h fave with thy right hand, and anfwer
me. 7 God 'hath fpoken in his hoiinefs ; I

will rejoice, I will w divide Shechem, and
mete out the valley of ' Succoth.
8 m Gilead is mine ; Manaffeh is mine ;
Ephraim alfo is the u ftrength of mine
head ; ° Judah is my lawgiver ;
9 p Moab is my wafhpot ; over Edom
will I caft out my fhoe; over Philiftia
will I triumph.
10 'Who will bring me into the
ftrong citv? who will lead me into

rong city
Edom ?
1 1 Wilt not thou, O God, tvho r haft
caft us off? and wilt not thou, O God,
s go forth with our hofts ?
12 ' Give us help from trouble: for
" vain is the help of man.
13 x Through God we fhall do va
liantly : ? for he it is that fhall tread down
our enemies. PSALM CIX.
Probably David penned this pfalm with a view to Doeg
or Ahithophel ; and hence it is much like to the 41ft,
52d, 55th, 1 20th, and 140th. But the Holy Ghoft
herein hath a mediate refpecl to Jefus and Judas the
traitor; [Acls i. 20 ] Obferve (i) The pfalmift 's
bitter complaints of his enemies, as fpiteful, deceitful,
falfe, reftlefs, unjuft, ungrateful; 1 — 5. (2) His
fearful denunciations of divine vengeance againft his
diftinguifhed enemy, that he Jhould be delivered into
the hand of Satan ; — fhould have his prayers re
jected, his life fhortened, his fubftance wafted, and
his pofterity rendered miferable; 6 — 20. (3) His
lamentation over his inward trouble, his approaching
death, his inftability of condition, pining ficknefs, re
proach of enemies ; and his prayers for mercy to
himfelf, confufion to his enemies, and glory to his
God; 21 — 29. (4) His triumph in God, as his
fupporter and deliverer amidft all his troubles ;
3°, 3r-
To the chief mufician, A pfalm of
David.

Eefore Chri'l
cir. 1036.
kjalh. 1.6. & 13 7.
1 Gen. 33. i7. jajg.
8. 5.
in 2 Sam. l. 8, 9.
with 5. 1, 3.
n Deut. 33. 17. Gerl.
49. 24.
0 Gen. 49. 10. Pi;
122. 5.
p zSam. viii. v. P!'.
60. S. 1 Chr. x,v.
xviii. xx,
qPC 14. 7. zCh%!,.
II. & I3.14. & 2...
12. Pf.20. I— ,._
33. 10—22.

r 1 Sain. xxw. Pf.
44. 9. If. 12. 1.

s Exod. 17. n, 12.
Deut. zc. 4. Num.
21.2,3. 1 Sain. 17.
45-
t Pf. 142. 4, 5.&20.
1-9.
u If. 30. 3, 5, 7. &
i'-l'S-™-!}'6' ij. Sc 118. 8,9.
x Num. 241 18. Pf.
18.28— 48. &11S.
10—16.
y zSam. v. viii. x.
it. 63. 1—4. Ron.
16. Zi.

H

OLD a not thy peace,
my praife ;

O b God of

a Pf. 83. 1. & 28. 1.
& 35.22,23.
b Rom. z. 29. 2 Cor.
10. 18. or Exod.
15.2. PC 11S. 28.
«65. 1. &47. 5—
7.

Reflections upon Psalm CVII. — Behold the effects of fin
in forms unnumbered ! in wanderings, imprifonments, ficknefs,
ftorms, barrennefs, poverty, Sic. Behold alfo the power of effectual
fervent prayer ! — it brings fpeedy relief in every cafe. The hoiinefs
and equity, the goodnefs, mercy, and fovereignty, of God, are
conne&dly difplayed in his providence to men. With exact: and
humble care ought we then to confider the doing of the Lord, and
to compare it with his word, and with our prayers, and one part
of it with another; fo (hall we underftand the loving-kindnefs of
the Lord. And, were we accurate obfervers of providence, con
ftantly would our heart, our lips, and life, be filled with the high

praifes of his kindnefs, and of his wonderful works, towards the
children of men.
Reflections upon Psalm CVIII. — Quickly God can change
the lot, can change the frame?, and change the fongs, of his people;
and put high, praifes in the room of bitter wailings. How confi
dently then may faints expe£t to fee the falvation of God ! What
he has promifed faith can rejoice in, as if already performed : and,
whatever difficulties be in the way, nothing is too hard for the
Lord. However ftrong their enemies, and weak their fouls, they
fhall prove more than conquerors through, him that loveth them.

Wickednefs and mifery of Doeg , &c.

PSALMS. David and Chrifl s prayer and triumph*

Eeforje Chrift
cir. 105S.
c 1 Sam. 24. 9. Pf.
31. 13. &41.7.&
56. 5, 6. & 57. 4.
& 64 y,,z\. & 140.
2, 5. & 22. 13.
* Heb.(7Jo„f/j> of deceit.
•f Heb. &7tv op.ved
tliemfeivea.
dPf. 37. 7. &r 69. 4.
John 15, 24, 25,
e Ver. 5. Pf. 35. I2.
& 38.20. John 10.
32. & 15.18. Luke
39. 10, 14. 2 Cor.
12. 15.
fPi". *5- H.&6g.ij.
Luke 23. J4.

+ Or an adverfary,
g Zech. 3. 1. John
13. 2, 17,

, h Heb. ga out gui'ty,
or wicked, Rom. 3,
rg. Gal.3-t0.J0hn
3. iS, 10.Mat.z7.
3, 4- Acts 1. 25.
i Prov. ij. 8. &z8.
9. If.!. 15. & 66. 3.
kPf 55. 23. Mat. 17.
5. Ads 1. 18, 20.
II Or thyrge.
\ Exod. 22. 24. If, -9,
17. Lam. 5. 3.
m Gen. 4. 12, 14. If.
16.2. Jt)b24.„.&
30. 3-8. Pf. J7.
n Job 5. j. & 18. g,
&20. iS. 2 Kin. 4.
l, 2. Mat. 18. 25.

«Job 18. 19. Pf. 37.
36. iKin- 14. 10.
* 6c 21. zi. If. 14.
3.1,22. Prov. 10.7.
p Exod. 10. 5.. Lev.
26. 39. 1 Kin. 14.
10. & 21. 21.
aKin. 9. 22, 36.
Mat. 23. 31, 32.
<1 Jer. 2. 22. Pf. 30.
3. & 90, S, & 50.
21.
w Job iS. 17. Pf. 34,
z6. ver. 13.
ePf.69.26. Zech. r,
15. Prov. 24. 11,
iz. Pf. 10. 2, 14.
John 12. 6, Mat.
23. 23.
t Pf. 3-|.t8; I/. 57-
15, 16. Pf. 69. 10.
zCor. v.. 9.
_ Mat. 7. 1, 2. Ezek.
35. (,. Joel 3. 4.
Prov. 14. ia.'
1 Thef. 2. 16.
a Thef. 2.10. Mat.
27. 25. Num. «. 22.
Zech. 5. 4. Joh zo.

2 c For the mouth of the wicked and
the * mouth of the deceitful + are opened
againft me : they have fpoken againft me
with a lying tongue.
3 They compafled me about alfo with
words of hatred ; and fought againft me
d without a cauie.
4 e For my love they are my adver
faries : f but I give myfelf unto prayer.
5 And they have rewarded me evil for
good, and hatred for my love.
6 Set thou a wicked man over him ;
and let + Satan E ftand at his right
hand. 7 When he fliall be judged, let him
h be condemned ; and ' let his prayer
become fin.
8 k Let his days be few ; and let an
other take his H office.
9 l Let his children be fatherlefs, and
his wife a widow.
10 m Let his children be continually
vagabonds, and beg : let them feek their
bread alfo out of their defolate places.
1 1 n Let the extortioner catch all that
he hath ; and let the ftranger fpoil his
labour. 1 2 Let there be none to extend mercy
unto him : neither let there be any to
favour his fatherlefs children.
13 ° Let his pofterity be cut off; and
in the generation following let their name
be blotted out.
14 p Let the iniquity of his fathers be
remembered with the J_vORD ; and let not
the fin of his mother be blotted out.
151 Let them be before the Lord con
tinually, that he may r cut off the me
mory of them from the earth.
16 "Becaufe that he remembered not
to fhew mercy, but perfecuted the poor
and needy man, that he might even flay
1 the broken in heart.
1 7 u As he loved curfing, fo let it come

Reflections upon Psalm CIX. — Dreadful muft be the na
ture of fin, which makes men fo defperate and outrageous enemies
to Chrift and his people. But terrible, fpreading, and extenfive,
lafting, and yet moft righteous, are the judgments that overtake
them from heaven, from earth, and from hell ! Deep marked was
this truth on the enemies of David, on Judas the traitor, and his
Jewifh brethren, the murderers of our Lord and his laintsj and

Before Chrift
eir. 1058,
or 1021.

xlf, 66. 24. ver. zo.

of mine
of -them

unto him : as he delighted not in bleffing,
fo let it be far from him.
18 As he clothed himfelf with curfing
like as with his garment, fo let it come
* into his bowels like water, and like oil *Hebu,;'w"i''*
into his bones.
19 x Let it be unto him as the gar
ment which covereth him, and for a
girdle wherewith he is girded conti
nually. 20 y Let this be the reward
adverfaries from the Lord, and
that fpeak evil againft my foul.
2 1 z But do thou for me, O God the
Lord, for thy name's fake: becaufe thy
mercy is good, deliver thou me.
22 a For I am poor and neecly, and my
heart is wounded within me.
23 ,b I am gone like the fhadow when
it declineth : lam c tolled up and down
as the locuft.
24 My d knees are weak through fail
ing ; and my flefh faileth of fatnefs.
25 e I became alfo a reproach unto
them : when they looked upon me they
fhaked their heads.
26 fHelp me, O Lord my God: g O
fave me according to thy mercy :
2 7 h That they may know that this
is thy hand ; that thou, Lord, haft
done it.
28 'Let them curfe, but blefs thou:
when they arife, let them be afhamed ;
but let thy fervant rejoice.
29 k Let mine adverfaries be clothed
with fhame ; and let them cover them
felves with their own confufion, as with
a mantle. 30 ' I will greatly praife the Lord with
my mouth ; yea, I will praife him among
the multitude.
3 1 m For he fhall ftand at the right
hand of the poor, to fave him + from
thofe that condemn his foul.

y Lev. 19. 18. ic ,.
II. PfJzi. 8— IZ.
&3I-26.&40.I4, 15- & 69. 22— z!f.
oi no. 1, 5, 6.
Prov, i. 24— 3 r.
I Thef. 2. 15, 16.
Luke 19. 27, 43,
44.
zPr.7. 1,6. Sc 27.0.
& 3'- 1, 16. & 54.
I. Sc 142. 4 — 7. fc
143- 7—9- & 86.
13—17- & 106. 8.
a Pf. 9. 18. & 40. 17.
& 7Z. IZ— 14. Sc
102 2—11, i7,
ZO. Sc 77. I — g, St
6. z— 7. Sc 143. 7.
b Pf. 102. n. & 144.
4. Job 14. z.i Chr.
Z9- 15.
ePf. 102. 10. Mat. 8.
zo.
d Pf. 69. 10. Sc 22.
lS.&3S-i3,'4.fc38. 3-8.
e Pf. 22. 6, 7. Sc 31,
11,13. & 35. 25. &
40. 15. Sc 69. 7, 9
— 12, 19, 20. Job
16. 4. Mat. 27. 39,
fPf. 22. 19.&40.13.
& 59. 4. & 1 19.
S6, 173, 175.
gVer.2I.Pf. 40. 1L .
& 57. 1. & 59. 16.
& 69. 13, 16.
h Pf. 41. 11. & 5*.
I'M I. Sc 64. 9. fc -,
118. 23. fc 112. 10.
iz Sam. 16.1z.lf.65.
13, 14. Job 2i. 19.

k Ff.6. 10. Sc 35. 26.
&40.14.& 140.9.
fc 9. 16. & 7. 16.

lPf.7 17.&9.1. &
22. 22, 25. SC I3S.
1. Sc 108.3. fc 'OT..
32- Sc 116. 12— 13.
mIf.i6.8.fc73.Z3.. &121. 5.withver.
6. If. 45. 17, 22—
25. & 49. 26. &
54. 17.
tHeb./rom the judges
of hi foul.

on heathenifh and popifti Romans. But, if men fpitefully abufe
us, let us give ourfelves unto prayer. Though our God be long
filent, he will fpeak at the laft. If he help, we need not regard who
harafs us. If he blefs, we need not care who curfe us. If all our
hopes be placed on his boundlefs mercy and grace, no matter how
we be loaded with poverty, wounds of fpirit, decay of body, or
revilings of men. He can quickly help and fave us. The more

Chrif s offices and fates reprefented.

PSALMS.

Manifold grounds of praife.

Before Chrift
cir. 1058,
or J021.

P s

a Mat. %%. 44. Mark
12. 36. Luke 2?.
42. & 19. 14. A&3
2. 34, 36. I Cor,

A L M CX.
This pfalm relates wholly to Jefus Chrift : and repre
fents him ( 1 ) In his glorious offices ; as a Prophet,
gathering the nations by the proclamation of his gofpel
as the rod of his ftrength ; 2, 3 : as our great High
Prieft ; 4 : and as our exalted, victorious, and ruling,
King; 2, 3, 5, 6. (2) In his diverfified ftates of
debafement and exaltation; 7, I, 5.
A pfalm of David.
THE a Lord faid unto my J^ord, Sit
thou at my right hand until I make
15. 25, 26. Heb. 1. Jo
I'6,!'9&&zJ:,P- thine enemies thy footftool.
I, ft 91. 13-16. 2 The Lqrd fl^ ^^ 4, the ^ of
k Rom. I. 16, 17. 10 1 . ,
jThei'z^'if.'z thy ltrength out of Zion : c rule thou in
Ipbfnft the midft of thine enemies.
cpf.r2.7_i2.&22. 3 d Tny people fhall be willing in the
*7-29, day of thy power, e in the beauties of
a judg. 5. z. pr. 22. . <. r %J - L ,
z7,3i-ActSz.4i. hplineis from the womb of the morn -
cft&pz$: ins : thou haft f the dew of thy y°uth-
E«k?4eJ.,iL4'pis.' 4 The Lord s hath fworn, and will
* or more them the not repent, h Thou art a prieft for ever
^thot'fhS'ave. after the order of Melchizedel&
fRei,7.4,9.Mic. - j The j^-, _t ^ ^j. t^J fl^
'm'H'&s^'i?; ^^e through kings in the day of his
k Heb. 5.6, 10. & 7. wrath.
j, 17^24, ^ He fhall judge among the heathen ;
3 -&5&9z,*f£._ he fhall fill the places with the dead bodies ;
az-z8?lfcs'6&«; he fhall wound the heads over "•" many
go. Zech. xi. xiv. . *
countries. 7 k He fhall drink of the brook in the
k john "34. ir. 61. way; therefore fhall he lift up the head.
j — 3. Phil. _. fi
ll. Luke 24. 26.
|5|"ef-1y. - PSALM CXI.
31.  In this pfalm, every fentence of which begins with a new
letter of the Hebrew alphabet, we have (1) The
praifing of God inculcated and exemplified; 1.
(2) The grounds of praife exhibited, viz. that God
himfelf is gracious, full of compaffion, and ever mind-

Rev. vi. viii. ix.
xi. xir. xvi. xix.

ful of his covenant; and that his works are magnifi- ^r-^oooof
cent, pleafant, righteous, wonderful, perfetl, kind, 
prudent, and durable ; and all conformed to his pro
mife and covenant; 2 — 9. (3) A recommendation * Hob. Hallelujah.
of an holy and reverential obedience to God, as the aPf.o. 1,14. & 138.
1 • r Tt I. fc 10-7.30. & if*.
.beginning of tvifdom ; 10. 9, 10. & 22. 22. &
31. 11. & 33. 1. Se
108. 3.
RAISE * ye the Lord. a I will praife b%£l?fif.
the Lord with my whole heart, in rW:1^'.17'
the affembly of the upright, and in the C,w_'_;-I1_*._:
congregation. a pf. 145. 4, », 17-
2 bThe works ofthe Lord are great, eDao.924.1r. ,i.
c forlght out of all them that have plea- j«- ''tI9'14Z'
fure therein. fP/;'^VA,Rr* 15. j, 4. 11. 03. 7.
3 d His work is honourable and glo- gE*od. 34-6,7- tt.
rious ; and e his righteoufnefs endureth s.Mk.57. il/i".'
hPf. 34.9, 1C&23.
I. If. 33. 17. Mat.
6. II, 26— 33. If.

for ever.
4 f He hath made his wonderful works ^"'^
to be remembered : s the Lord is gra- f Hcb' *""'
1 r s-l r rr- ° i Pf. 105. 8. Neh. ti
cious and full or companion. * Dan. 9.4. Rev.
5 h He hath given + meat unto them kjer. 33.3. pr. ~.
that fear him : he ' will ever be mindful f^jj-^'*-"-
of his covenant. ,-v_. ,. Rcv. _. „
6 k He hath fhewed his people the zl^'b"'^"^.
power of his works, that he may give mPr-i9-8-&io5-g-
them the heritage of the heathen. * Heb' "*/*iW-
. __,, ° . ,?. , . nPf. 25. 8. Dent. 32.
7 1 he works of his hands are verity f™£% ,2°- Lam-
and judgment : m all his commandments oExod.vii-xiv. ir.
i ° 63.7-13- pf- 130-
art? lure. 7,8.&zS._.
8 They t ftand faft for ever and ever, " l?hl l6' ,5' PC
and are done nin truth and uprightnefs. * ^;£5&go?£-
9 ° He fent redemption unto his people : J?"; f &*r
f he hath commanded" his covenant for rj0'b7l8.28.Prav.,.
ever: q holy and reverend w his name. Ij*-,^',^"
10 r The fear of the Lord z> the „f,J°'t „.
, . . - .,., .. , s Deut. 4. 6. zTim,
beginning ot wridom : s»a good under- ','•«-"•
ftanding have all they * that do his com- IZeZTL.*.
mandments: 'his praife endureth forever, tpr.45. i7. &,45.
2,4.

fhame' we take to ourfelves for our fins, we are in the lefs danger
of fuffering for them. And God's fupport and falvation fhall
quickly fill our mouths with high and everlafting praife.
Reflections upon Psalm CX. — How high is the dignity of
our Redeemer ! Glorious is his reward for his work of obedience
and fuffering- And all his enemies — fin, Satan, the world, and
death — are made to bow wnder his feet. The everlafting gofpel,
Cent forth into all the world, becomes effectual to men's falvation,
and his kingdom is eftablifhed, in defpite of all oppofition. Mul
titudes of his enemies, made willing in the day of his power, cheer
fully enlift themfelves in his fervice, and worfhip him in the beau
ties of hoiinefs. In the morning of the gofpel period, through the
heavenly influence ofthe bleffed Spirit, multitudes, frefh and flou-
fifhing in heart, furrendered themfelves to this Lord. And upon
the moft folid ground are believers' hopes and comforts founded —
Vol. I.

the all-fufficieney of Jefus Chrift, and the oath of the eternal Je
hovah. With confidence then ought we always to expect par
don, peace, and all the bleffings of falvation, from this great High
Prieft of our profeffion. Horrid is the crime, if for a moment we
dare queftion his power and grace, and ftagger at promifes con
firmed by two immutable things — -the word and oath oPthat God
who cannot lie. And, while Jefus, finifhing his obedience, and
ftrengthened by the Holy Ghoft, iifts up his head in everlafting
triumph, dreadful is the ruin oj his malicious and powerful oppo
fers, Jews, Heathens, Antichnftians, and ottiers.
Reflections upon Psalm CXI. — Praifing of God ought to
be hearty, candid, and avowed: and they who inculcate it upon
others fhould carefully exemplify it in their own practice. How
extenfive are the grounds of it! A God infinitely gracious and
faithful, ever mindful of his new covenant and every promife

The bleffednefs ofthe righteous.

Be'ore Chrift
cir. oooo.

PSALM CXII.

' Heb. Hallelujah.

This pfalm is alfo alphabetically compofed; and contains,
(i) Invitations to praife God; I. (2) A delinea
tion of the faints' charaSler and bleffednefs ; that they
- are well principled, honeft, fincere, and kind; and
fhall be bleffed with profperity outward and inward ;
with comfort amidft griefs, wifdom amidft perplexity,
and with honour an/if ability ; and that their pofterity
Jhall be bleffed after them; 2 — 9. (3) The mifery
of the wicked; 10.
PRAISE* ye the Lord. "Bleffed is
the man that feareth the Lord,
47,70,72,127,125, , '
jii.ftni.io. ^at delighteth greatly in his command
ments.
b l?& ,tl',P6J£ 2 b His feed fhall be mighty upon earth :
£7'c4'6sg.%!'sc' the generation of the upright fhall be
W54"3' bleffed. .
c Prov. 3. 16. & 10. 0 c Wealth and riches (hall be in his
phii. 4. -9 houfe : d and his righteoufnefs endureth
d Ver. n. If. 32. 17. ,-
1 cor. ,5.58. tor ever.
c job ,1. ,7. pr. 97. 4 e Unto the upright there arifeth light
zechE?.'.7.'DeM. in the darknefs : f he is gracious, and full
9- .of compafiion, and righteous.
?J3™'32. Tit'fz'.'ii; 5 g A good man fheweth favour, and
lendeth

PSALMS. God's glory, condefcenfon, and kindnefs.
\ grieved ; s he fhall gnafh with his teeth, -^ooo."
and melt away; t the delire of the wicked s 3. s». 7, „ m*."
fhall perifh.

pPf. 37.26. Luke 6.
• 35.

he will guide his affairs with

6 ' Surely he fhall not be moved for

h difcretion.
h Heb. judgment.
Prov. 13. 16. Eph.
5- JS-
i pf.i5-5-fcizs-j. ever: k the righteous fhall be in everlaft-
kf"6'Hcb7'6Mio' mg remembrance.
fct.zs.35,36. ' 7 1 He fhall not be afraid of evil tid-
IProv.i. 33.If._6-3. * i*i •/-! n • * 1
mPf.S7.7.&62.2, ings : ra his heart is fixed, trultmg in the
6. Sc 27. 13, 14. Sc T ^ „ ^.
118.6.11.26.4. ft LiORD. 8 His heart is eftablifhed ; he fhall not
npr's?6.&u8n?: De afraid, until n he fee his defire upon
&92'"- his enemies.
0i,iC8,'z9'&ovK.'.'. 9 ° He hath difperfed, he hath given
24.2-5-&J9-I7- tQ tjle poor. p his righteoufnefs endureth
p Luke. 16. 9. & 6. r , . , ° „ , , , . .
35, 3«- for ever ; 1 his horn fhall be exalted with
0 Pf. 75. 10. & 9z. 1
* 10. 1 5am. 2. 30. honour.
l If. 65. 13, 14. Job
5- z- '
thereof; holy and reverend in nature and in name. His works
are un-fearchably glorious, memorable, powerful, juft, and true;
and all of them communicating provifion and riches to them that
fear him. Fixed, everlafting, true, and candid, are all his coun
fels and words, exactly comformable to his righteous nature, and
muft be obeyed in fimplicity by them that ferve him. Everlafting,
ordered in all things and fure, is his covenant, and all the redemp
tion it prepares and communicates to men. And they are the only
' wife perfons, who fear him and keep his commandments ; ever
lafting fliall be their honour and reward.
Reflections upon Psalm CXII. — What holy awe of God,
delight in fpiritual things, candour, kindnefs, and equity, are necef.

1 o r The wicked fhall fee //, and be

2J. I3.
1
tProv. 10.28. & 13.
9. Mic. i. 12. Jer.
14. 19. If. 59. 11.

PSALM CXIII.
This pfalm, with the five immediately following, were
called the great Hallelujah, and ufed to be fung
at the paffover fiupper; [Matt. xxvi. 30.J Here
(1) We are folemnly called to celebrate the praifes
of God; 1 — 3. (2) We are plentifully furnifhed
with matter of praife; viz. the heights of his glory
and greatnefs, and the depths, of his condefeenfionand
grace; 4 — 9.
PRAISE * ye the Lord. b Praife, O ^ffK,*;
ye fervants of the Lord, praife the^^*"'^
name of the Lord.
2 c Bleffed be the name of the Lord ;|!g£$_£
from this time forth and for evermore.
2 dFrom the rifing of the fun unto d X:dzl\^%
the going down of the fame the Lord's SpST-VS
name is to be praiied.
4 e The Lord is high above all na- ePsc^:i9i.tc.%'.',%
tions, and his glory above the heavens.
5 fWho is like unto the Lord our fEgo.'5&|oJ.,
God, who g dwelleth on high* 4°e.uiti--i.&46.
> 6 h Who humbleth himfelf "to behold gHeb. «<*«,* him.
the things that are in heaven and in the is&o&i. '"*
earth! h^\t6'mi7'
7 ' He raifeth up the poor out of thei'S]^z.s.pr;_i~.
duft, and lifteth the needy out of the ^s^eV,4/.
dunghill ;
8 k That he may fet him with princes, klSjmiiek.[°j.H.
even with the princes of his people.
9 x He maketh the barren woman * tolTS:sXsiF£i^
keep houfe, and to be a joyful mother of ,^Miim
children. Praife ye the Lord. hmJ"
PSALM CXIV.
In this pfalm are celebrated ( I ) God's bringing Ifrael
out of their Egyptian flavery; I. (2) His fitting
up his tabernacle among them, and taking them for
his peculiar people; 2. (3) His dividing the Red

fary in our obedience to God's law! And'great profit, liability,
honour, fafety, quietnefs of mind,* and vidtory over all our ene
mies, are fecured for its reward. But how unhappy are the wicked,
whole wifhes fhall be either curfed or denied ; and to whom evea
the happinefs of the godly is an infupportable vexation !
Reflections upon Psalm CXIII. — O what an eternity it
will require for the redeemed fervants of the Lord fufficiently to
praife their high, their unparalleled, their condefcending, Redeemer^
who, by his own debafement, raifes multitudes of mankind from
the pit of corruption to the loftieft thrones in blifs; and now makes
the Gentile world, after long barrennefs, to bring forth a numerous
feed gf converts to himfelf in his gofpel church.

God's wonders done for Ifrael.

PSALMS.

-Idols'' vanity. God's all-fufficiency.

Before Chrift
cir. oooo.

1491.
a Exod. 13.3. & 12.
,.t>;

fea and Jordan before them; 3, <>. (4) His awful
defcent on Mount Sinai to give them his law ; 4, 6,
7. (5) His providing them with water from the
flinty rocks; 8.

31, 4Z. Deut. 16.
I.&26.8.

b Pf. 81. 5. Gen. 42
J3-

HEN * Ifrael went out of Egypt,
the houfe of Jacob from a people
of b ftrange language ;
c&'?ii?'" 2 c Judah was his fandluary, and Ifrael
&32'9' his dominion.
3 d The fea faw //, and fled ; Jordan

d Exod. 14. 21. Pf.
77. 16, Jolh. 1. 15,
l6,Pf.6o.6.fc74.iS. & 106. 9. 11. was driven back

63. 12—14 is. pr.
29. 6.

c Exod. i>
68. 8. i
Hab. 3.
Judg- 5
f Hab. 3. 8.

4,5-

4 e The mountains fkipped like rams,
and the- little hills like lambs.
5 f What ailed thee, O thou fea, that
thou fleddeft ? thou Jordan, that thou
waft driven back ?
6 Ye mountains, that ye fkipped like
rams ; and ye little hills, like lambs ?
7 s Tremble, thou earth, at the pre-
!t fc^8*H»t fence of the Lord, at the prefence of the
God of Jacob ;
8 h Who turned the rock into a ftand -
ing water, the flint into a fountain of
waters.

% Pt 97. 4, 5- & TT-
18. fc 144. 5. &
18. 7—15. & 104.

3
4.23- 3

-26. If. 64.

li Exod. 17. 6. Num.
2P. 11. Deut. 8.15,
JV.74.15._78. 15, 16. & 105. 41.
ft 107. 35. Neh.

7-3S.1X4

Slf-4S.11. Ezek. 36.
32. iCor. 15. 10.
Mic. 7. 20. Eph. 2.
I— 7. Tit. 3. 3— 7.

b Pf. 42. 3, 10. & 79.
10. Joel 2.17. Mic.
7. 9, 10.
c Pf. 1 35. 6." I Chr.
16 26. Dan. 4. 35.
Mat. 6. 9,14. E^h.
I. II. If. 46. 10.
Rev. 4. 11.

PSALM CXV.
This pfalm inftruds us (1) To whom glory and praife
ought to be afcribed: not to ourfelves, but to God,
for his mercy and truth ; I : not to lifelefs, fenfeelefs
idols, but to God, whofe throne is in the heavens,
and who does whatever he pleafes; 2 — 8, 15, 16.
(2) How we are to glorify God: l By trufting
in him, crediting his promife, and receiving his blef
fings ; 9 — 15 : * By bleffing him while we live ;
17,18. OT a unto us, O Lord, not unto
us, but unto thy name give glory,
for thy mercy and for thy truth's fake.
2 Wherefore fliould the heathen fay,
b Where is now their God ?
2 c But our God is in the heavens : he
hath done whatfoever he pleafed.

N(

Reflections upon Psalm CXIV. — In infinite fovereignty
God chufes whom of mankind he pleafes to be his peculiar people,
and to be bleffed with his oracles, ordinances, and gracious in
fluences. And nothing can detain his people in their fpiritual
bondage when he draws them out. Nothing, no not feas of tri
bulation, nor mountains of unbelief and corruption, can ftop their
paffage to the heavenly Canaan. Nor, while Jefus, our fmitten
Rock of ages, continues a fountain opened, fhall they want refrefh-
ment by the way. Tremble then, my carnal heart, at the prefence
of a God in Chrift as my own. And let all my hardened powers
be melted by his love.

4 & Their idols are filver and gold, the
work of men's hands.
5 e They have mouths, but they fpeak
not : eyes have they, but they fee not :
6 They have ears, but they hear not :
nofes have they, but they fmell not :
7 They have hands, but they handle
not : feet have they, but they walk not :
neither fpeak they through their throat.
8 f They that make them are like unto
them ; fo is every one that trufteth in
them. 9 g O Ifrael, truft thou in the Lord :
h he is their help and their fhield.
10 l O houfe of Aaron, truft in the
Lord : he is their help and their fhield.
11 k Ye that fear the Lord, truft in

the Lord
fhield.

he is their help and their*™

Before Chrift
cir. 0000.
dPf. 135. 15—18.
Deut. 4. 28. Rev.
9. 20. If. 46. 6, 7.
ft 44. 9—20. Sc
40. 19,20. Jer. 10.
3—9. Hab. 2. iS,
19. Hoi. 8. 6.
e Hab. z. 18. Jer. 10.
5. 1 Kin. 18. 26,
Z9. Dan. 5. 23.
Deut. 4. 28.

fir. 44. 10,11,18—
20. Jon. 2. 8. Hab.
2. 18,19. Pf. 97.7.

g Pf. 118. 2—4. &
135. 19, 20. Exod.
19. 5, 6. Jet. 10.
16. Deut. 4. I, fc
zo. 17,
h Deut. 33. 27, Z9.
Pf. 33. zo. fc 91*
z, 4. & 5. IZ. ~i
18. 35. Prov. 30.
5. ver. 10, u,
7. Exod.
xxviii. xxix. Lev.
viii.

12

ItA&sa. 5.&10. 35.
!The Lord hath been mindful of ^-a-'6-11-^

us ; m he will blefs us ; he will blefs the ip^*5.7.&i|6.*j.
houfe of Ifrael ; he will blefs the houfe u- i9-U-i6-
mtC.jz.tj.Sc6j.J. Eph. 1. 3. Phil. 4.
will blefs them that fear the

of Aaron. 13 He

Lord, both fmall "and great.
14 ° The Lord fhall increafe you
more and more, you and your children.
15 p Ye are bleffed ofthe Lord, who
made heaven and earth.
1 6 q The heaven, even the heavens, are
the Lord's ; but. r the earth hath he given
to the children of men.
1 7 s The dead praife not the Lord,
neither any that go down into filence.
18 'But we will blefs the Lord from
this time forth and for evermore. Praife
the Lord.

nHeb. vihh. Gal. 3.
28. Col. 3.11. Rev.
II. 18.
eGen. 13. 16. &l{.
5. Sc 22. 17. If. 49.
16 — 23. Zech. 8.
20 — 23. & 10.6,8.
1 Pet. 1. 2, 3.
Jude 2.
p Gen. 14. ig. & 27;
33-
q John 14. 2. Mat.
13. 43. If. 57- IS,
Sc&b. 1.
r DeOt. 32. 8. Afls
17. 26.
s Pf. 6. 5. Sc 88. 10—
12. ft 30. 9. Sc 94.
17. If. 38. 18.
Eccl. 9. 4—6.
t Dan. 2. 20. Pf. 145.
2, 10. & 72. 17.

PSALM CXVI.
This is a pfalm of thankfgiving, fomewhat ftmilar to the
1 8th, 30th, 40th, and 103d; and reprefents (1) The

Reflections upon Psalm CXV. — Let us be always nothing
in our own eyes, and let Chrift be all and in all. To his grace
every good thing in us, or done by uc, muft be afcribed. But dif-
gxacing to human nature, as well as dishonouring to God, is the
worfliipping of idols. And how abfurd it is for idolaters' to upbraid
the faints with their all prefent, all-creating, and all-governing,
Jehovah ! Great is their encouragement to truft in a God, who
is fo much and gives fo much to his people; nay, gives fo much
to men ! They can never fail whofe faith ftands firm. And greatly
then fliould we e-xert ourfelves in praifing and ferving God here,
as in death we fhall ha-ve no fuch opportunities for it.
5T2

Tfhankfgivings for great deliverances.

PSALMS.

The Gentiles called to praife God.

B. Fore Chrift
cir. iozo.

a John zt. 17. Pf. 18.
1.6. Ijuhn 4. 19.
bPf. 3.4. &6. q.Sc
10. 17. & 18. 6- &
zo. 1. & 31. 22. &
40. I, 2.
c Pf. 65. z. Sc ee. 16,
17. 2 Cor. I. 10. If.
46. 3,4. Heb. 5.7.
* Heb. in my days.
dPf. 18. 4,5. Sc 88. 1
— IS. & 77. 2 — 9.
ft 6. 3, 4. & 38. z
— iz.fc4i. 8. Afts
z. 24.
e Heb. found mc*
Pf. 119. 143.
fPf.iS.6.&i4.4— 6. Ezek. 36. 37.
Prov. 18. 10.
g Pf.6. 4. &31. 5. ft
142. 4—7. & 143.
7-
h Exod. 34. 6, 7.
Vista. 14. 18, 19.
if. 63. 7. Rom. 5.
zi.
iPf. 31. 23. & 33.18.
—72. iz — 14. Mat.
II. Z5. Pf. 25. 21.
Ji Pf. vi. xiii. xviii.
xxii. xxxi. xl.
xxxiv. ciii. lxxiii.
ixxvii.
1 Mat. ji. 29. Pf. 13.
6. & 34. 8. Jer. 31.
11—14.
JnPf. 56. 13.&103.
4. ft ao. 1—3. fc
94. 17, 18.
* Pf. 16. 8. & 61. 7.
• Tit. z. 11—14.
I Cor. 15. 58.

• 2 Cor. 4. 13, 14.
1 John 1. 1—3.
Tf. 66. 16.

Pfalmift' s great diftrefs and danger, which had almoft
driven him to defpair; 3, 10, 11. (2) The appli
cation which he made to God by prayer for ri 'ief;
and his experience of God's gracious kindnefs, in
granting his requefts ; and in hearing, pitying, and
delivering him ; I, 2, 4 — 6, 8. (3) His fincere
and hearty refolutions to make a grateful acknowledg
ment of God's kindnefs; by loving him; I : continu
ing to call on him, and receive from him; 2, 13, if:
refiling in him ; 7 : walking before him as his de
voted fervant ; 9, 16: public confeffion of God's
tender regard to him ; 12, 15: and fincere and
public paying of his vows to him; 10 — 19.
Ia LOVE the Lord, becaufe b he
hath heard my voice and my fuppli
cations. 2 c Becaufe he hath inclined his ear
unto me, therefore will I call upon him
'"' as long as I live.
2 d The forrows of death compafled
me, and the pains of hell e gat hold upon
me : I found trouble and forrow.
4 f Then called I upon the name of the
Lord : s O Lord, I befeech thee, deliver
my foul.
5 h Gracious is the Lord, and
teous ; yea, our God Is merciful.
6 * The Lord preferveth the fimple :
k I was brought low, and he helped me.
7 l Return unto thy reft, O my foul ;
for the Lord hath dealt bountifully with
thee. 8 m For thou haft delivered my foul
from death, mine eyes from tears, and
my feet from falling:
9 " I will walk before the Lord in
the land of the living.
10 ° I believed, therefore have I fpoken :
I was greatly afflicSled :

righ-

Before Chrift
cir. iozo.
P Pf. 31. 22. iSam.
27. 1. Rom. 3. 4.
Ezek. 37. n.
q Pf. 103. 1—5.
zCor. 5. 14— ix.
I Tim. 1, 13—16.
r Ver. 17. 1 Chr. id.
I— 3. 1 Cor. 10.16.
Luke 22. 17,20.
s Ver. 18. Pf. 56. 12.
& 65. 13-15. ft
1 19.106. ft 22. 22,
25. Sc 109. 30.

tPf. 72.14. £37. 32,
33. Rev. 14. 13. If.
43.4.

n Pf. 86. 16. & 119.
32. Luke 1. 74, 75.
Tit. 2. 11—14.
z Cor. 5. 14— J.I.

11 p I faid in my hafte, All men are
liars. 1 2 1 What fhall I render unto the
Lord for all his benefits toward me ?
13 r I will take the cup of falvation,
and call upon the name of the Lord.
14 s I will pay my vows' unto the
Lord now in the prefence of all 'his
people. 15 t Precious in the. fight of the/ Lord
is the death of his faints. (
16 Oh Lord, u truly I am thy fer
vant ; I am thy fervant, and the ion of
thy handmaid: thou haft loofed my
bonds. 1 7 x I will offer to thee the facrifice *\X'£ £:**-%.
of thankfgiving, and will call upon the ?p«.JI: ^iS_.
name ofthe Lord.
1 8 >" I will pay my vows unto the *££.'*?&&.'£
Lord now in the prefence of all his
people, 19 - In the courts of the Lord'^ houfe, «««-**&'-
in the midft of thee, O Jerufalem. Praife
ye the Lord. PSALM CXVII.
\This pfalm relates to the gofpel church. Here are,
( 1 ) A fhort, but folemn, call to the redeemed of all
nations to praife their God; 1. (2) Rich matter
of praife fuggefted; viz. the unbounded mercy and
everlafting faithfulnefs of God; and hence the fulnefs,
kindnefs, and ft ability, of his covenant promifes, and
the accomplifhment of them; 2.
Oa PRAISE the Lord, all ye nations : aRorr,.:5.„.pi-.«.
..... .. 7 J 1. & 66. 1, 4. & 87.
praile him, all ye people. xcv-c8'32'&
2 b For his merciful kindnefs is great bLukez. 10.14.1r.
toward us : and the truth of the Lord ^-'i-^-'tds-

. 25. Sc I2V
. -4. z Chr. 676
1 Chr. xv. xvi.

endureth for ever. Praife ye the Lord.

10.

Reflections upon Psalm CXVI. — Happy are they who love
the Lord ! They are every moment laid under rrefh obligations to
this delightful exercife. Prayers heard by God fhould always make
us to love him more, and praife him more. And, if we are in Chrift,
our troubles may be very fore, but bur victory and deliverance are
fure and near. Delightful confolation and reft fucceed the bittereft
tribulations to his faints. And pleafant is that reft which is enjoyed
in a Saviour's arms, and under the covert of his blood. It is honour
able, as well as dutiful, to walk always as under his eye, and in
conformity to him; in fubjedKon to his will as our Sovereign, and
in dependence on him as our all-fufficient portion. The confi
deration that we are in the land of the living fhould quicken us to
it. And it is delightful to fpeak and practife that which our heart
believes upon God's teftimony, ratified by the blood of his Son.
But often, under ftrong temptations, and in deep afflictions, the
ftrongeft believers have had their faith fhaken, and have been furprif-

«ed into thoughts and words extremely difhonourable to God. Yet
he upholds them that fall, and makes them, quickly to change their
voice. And O how pleafant it is to be fo overwhelmed with a
fenfe of God's love that we fcarcely know what praife, what vows,
or what fervice, to return him in gratitude! But, while we praife
him for what we have received, we muft eagerly drink more and
more of his cup of falvation, and receive more and more out of his
fulnefs, and grace for grace. How precious and delightful to God
is the death of his faints for or in the Lord ! But much more
that unparalleled death of Jefus Chrift for the faints, who loofed
all our bonds and purchafed all our bleflings.
Reflections upon Psalm CXVII.- — Tnrice happy is the
Gentile world when bleffed with the fulnefs of Chrift! Behold
mercy preached, offered, and given, to us ! mercy abounding to the
chief of finners ! mercy extending to millions of loft fouls, and

David? s thankfgivings to God

Before Chrift
cir. 1047.

11 1 Chr. 16.8. Pf.
ic6. I. & 107. I.
& 136. I — 26.
iChr. 20. 21.

J, tf, J.

d~Pf. 32. I. & 33. I.
&C/7.8.&103.II, J7-

PSALM CXVIII.
This pfalm was probably compofed by David, foon after
his advancement to, and fettlement on, his throne ;
[2 Sam. v. viii.] and contains (1) His earneft ex
hortations to perfons of all ranks, offices, and ftates, to
praife the Lord for his everlafting mercy and kindnefs ;
1 — 4' (2) By a recital of the great and gracious
tfangs which God had done for him, he encourages
himfelf and others to truft in God alone;. 5 — 18.
(3) His thankfgivings for God's advancement of him
to the throne, notwithftanding all oppofition — as typi
cal of\the exaltation of Jefus Chrifl;. 19 — 23.
(4) Hh and the priefts' and people's triumph in the
expeded profperity of his reign, and of the fiourifhing
kingdom of Chrift ; 24 — 29.
OaGIVE thanks unto the Lord, for
he is good ; becaufe his mercy en
dureth for ever.
kn5"!,'~-Gai-& 2 bLet Ifrael now fay that his mercy
lah^?' 7''7' endureth for ever.
cpf.i24-i,2.ir.6z. 2, c Let the houfe of Aaron now fay
that his mercy endureth for ever.
4 d Let them now that fear the Lord
fay that his mercy endureth for ever.
epr.i2o.i.&i8.6, 5 eI called upon thev Lord " in dif-
3,:s- trefs: the Lord anfwered me, and fet me
•«*-"** in a large place.
fpf.56.4,9,"-* 6 f The Lord is + on my fide; I
& Rom. s. ji.it. -vvill not fear: what can man do unto
iHeb./oi-™. me?
gpr.5.4.4,7. Heb. 7 s The Lord taketh my part with
kPf.59.io.&i,2. them that help me ; h therefore fhall I fee
lisJf'&Vi'?' my defre upon them that hate me.
iTe$: $.%*%:£?. 8 * It. is better to truft in the Lord
-^ir6^:7'1 than to put confidence in man.
i.pr.i46.3.zohr. q k jt js Detter to truft in the Lord
28. 20, 21. If. 30. s
!r6.Ezek.'4* tnan 1° Put confidence in princes.
1 z sam. v, viii. x. \q J All nations compafled me about:
xvin. Pi. 18. 30— sr
t.%\Xl£t6°: but in the name of the Lord will I
rw.^m.&kj. t deftroy them.
1 1 They compafled me about ; yea,
they compafled me about : but in the
name of the Lord I will deftroy them. •
ei 1 Sam. 23. 26. rr s i i • 1
aj.' If % *f. 12 m They compalled me about like
xof^^uf bees ; they are quenched as the lire of
**¦ rXKXvm- thorns : for in the name of the Lord I
It Heb. cut deum.
11 Pf. 22. 12, 161 T9—
ai. & 9.6. Mic. 7.
8, 9. If. 5c. 5—9.

PSALMS. for great deliverances and honours.
that I might fall ; but the Lord helped ^"047.

8,9-
J Heb. nil them of.

will H deftroy them.
13 "Thou hall thruft fore at me,

me.

14 ° The Lord is my ftrength and "?_¦»_„. _£

Z4, Z5.

fong, and is become my falvation.
1 c p The voice of rejoicing and falva- Vov.iv.v.fcf.o,
J. . - , . , ¦> r , ° . , 12. fc IS. 20. &
tion is in the tabernacles of the righteous : **¦ *¦£>¦? <>¦*
o —4- cc 14. 2) 3.
qthe right hand ofthe Lord doth va- q pr. 60. n. & is.
.. , ° 31,48. & 145.4—
liantly. e iiV' 7„
16 The right hand of the Lord is |£"i°.~'s*.9.
exalted : the right hand of the Lord doth

ppf, 32. 11. & 33. 1.

valiantly. 1 7 r I fhall not die, but live,
declare the works of the Lord.

j r Hab. 1. 12 Mic. 7,
and s-io. pr. 39. i*.
Job 1 j. 16— ji. U.
27.8. Heb.. 12. 6—
II. iCor- 10. ij,
1 8 The Lord hath chaftened me fore : iCor' '' * ,a'
but he hath not given me over unto
death. 19 s Open to me the gates of righteouf- 'f ££.*£%¦£ . Sc fib. IJ—

fecuring to them everlafting pardon, purity, ftrength, comfort,
and lory ! Behold alfo- the unchangeable faithfulnefs of God, con
firm- '.- by his oath am! blind, and engaged to make good to us all
thc promifes f.f his evcrlaiiing covenant!

nefs : I will go into them, and I will praife ij: % ^ ,7,-,8,
the Lord :
/-— ,1 ¦ /- 1 t ,- • 1 • 1 t If. _. *. Rev. 11.
20 1 his gate ofthe Lord, l into which &•*"'?*«•
O ' ri. 24. 3, 4.
the righteous fhall enter.
21 u I will praife thee: for thou haft "i^'Exoi.*"1'
i. * Judg. v. 1 bam. Za
heard me, and art become my falvatiOn. iTirfJ™-™"'
22 x The ftone which the builders x Mat. zi.^ Mark
refufed is become the head f one of the Wa&l\.%b.
_.„_.„ „_. 2. 20. & 1, 20—
corner. z3. ai. 1. 18.
23 * This is the Lord's doing ; y it is *He^j»A9»«~
marvellous in our eyes. yjob5.9.pr.7z.is.
24 z This is the day which the Lord zltH:!i.zfzect
hath made ; we will rejoice and be glad iV?„?I-/4J)74.
in it.2 c aSave now, I befeech thee, O 3^3,S John 12. 13. Mat.
23. 39. ITim. I.
17. Rev. 7. ic,!!*

I befeech thee, fend

Lord: O Lord,
now profperity.
26 Blefled be he that cometh in the
name of the Lord: b we have, blefled bD™'.„?irpf:
you out of the houfe of the Lord. *-4';
27 c God is the Lord, which hath ^iitt^ft
fhewed us light : d bind the facrifice with

zCor. 4.6.

cords, even unto the horns of the altar.

d Pf. 51. 18, 19.
1 Chr. 16. 1 Ccig.
21. I Kin. 8. 6},
28 e Thou art my God, and I will & CI3,I1~
praife thee: thou art my God, I will exalt ^-t.&^'pr:
.1 145. 1. & 146. 1, 2.
thee. _ 147. 1, 11. &
r — . . 1 , it r I49' *¦ Phi1- * ,z"
29 'O give thanks unto the Lord, for fVcr.I.ir.6,.7.Pc.
he is good : for his mercy endureth for ii:}-,*.'-'^.*
0 J 2. Sc 103. 17. &
ever. -^ s-

Reflections upon Psalm CXVIII. — Animated are the
faints' praifes to their God, when he mercy, that is in his nature
and relation to them, is clearly difcerned; the mercies he hath
granted are kindly reviewed; and the mercies he hath in ftore

Davld*s precious thoughts,

PSALMS.

humb!e*petitions , and holy refolutions.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015,

aK. t. t, 3. kin.
t.&c 128.1. Johnr.
47. Ails 24 16. %
Cor. 1. 12. Tit. 2.

*Or perfeff, or
fincere.

PSALM CXIX.
This pfalm is a colleclion of David's precious thoughts,
forrowful complaints, humble petitions, and holy refo
lutions ; which, it feems, he had written down as they
occurred, and which, in the end of his life, he digefled
into the form in which they now ftand, conftfling of
as many parts as there are letters in the Hebrew
alphabet, the eight verfes of each always beginning
7vith the fame letter in the original. The general
fcope of it is to magnify God's word, and make it
honourable : to inform us of whatever we ought to
expeSi from God in the way of gracious donation ; and
of whatever he may expeel from us in the way of
grateful returns of duty : it is reprefented under ten
different characters, one or other of which is to be
found in every Verfe excepting the 1 22d and 1 32d :
as— God's Law, becaufe framed and publifhed by him
as our Sovereign; — His Commandments, becaufe
given with authority, and lodged with us as a
truft; — His Precepts, becaufe peremptorily pre
fcribed, and not left as a thing indifferent; — His
Statutes, becaufe fixed and determined, and of
perpetual obligation; — His Word, becaufe it is
the declaration of his mind, and Chrift his effential
Word is all and in all therein; — His Way,
becaufe it reprefents Chrift, the Way, the Truth,
and the Life, and is the rule of our faith and obe
dience; — His Testimonies, becaufe therein God,
upon his word and his oath, declares to men the
truths neceffary to be known, in order to his honour
and. their falvation, as ratified in the death of his
Son; — His Judgments, becaufe framed in infinite
wifdom, and by which we muft both judge and be
Judged; — but in verfes 75, 84, 121, judgment de
notes righteous conduit ; — it is called his Righte
ousness, becaufe it is holy, juft, and good, and is
the perfetl ftandard of righteoufnefs; — and his
Truth or Faithfulness, becaufe its leading
truths are eternal; and the faithfulnefs. of God is
fledged in every point thereof.
A L E P H. Part i.
Here ( 1 ) David marks out holy men as the only bleffed
men ; I — 3. (2) Begs that, to his own honour
and fatisfaclion, he may be helped of God to an up
right obfervance of his laws; 4 — 6. (3) In the
faith of God's direclion and affiftance, he rcfolves to
praife and obey him ; 7, 8.
LES SED a are the * undefiled in
the way, who walk in the law of
the Loud.

and in promife are firmly believed ! No wonder that fuch invite all
around ihem to fing of his everlafting mercy and grace! No won
der they pcir contempt on all created confidences, and difregard
all oppofition from earth and hell! No wonder they afcribe the
glory of all to God; thattbey afk all from God; that they gratefully
dedicate themfelve?, and all that they have, to his fervice; and
<?xert all their powers to exalt his honour and fpread his renown ' —
But chiefly let us here behold Jefu?, and his fure mercies. — He
was made a little lower than the angels, for the fuffering of death.
Terrible was his diftrefs, innumerable his conflicts with the ene-

2 Blefled are they that b keep his tefti-
mones, a?id that c feek him with the
whole heart.
2 d They alfo do no iniquity: they
walk in his ways.
4 e Thou haft commanded us to keep
thy precepts diligently.
5 f.O that my ways were directed to
keep thy ftatutes !
6 Then B fhall I not be afhamed, when
I have refpecf unto all thy command
ments. 7 I h will praife thee with uprightnefs
of heart, when I fhall have learned + thy
righteous judgments.
8 l I will keep thy ftatutes : O forfake
me not utterly. BETH. Part ii.
He ( 1 ) Points out the proper method of mortifying
lufts, and attaining true hoiinefs; g» (2) Profeffes
his attachment to God and his word, and fupplicates
wifdom, direclion, and fupport ; IO — 12. (3) Re-
flecls with fatisfaclion on his former regard to God's
truths and ways; 13,14: and (4) Refolves to per-
fever e therein; 1$, 16.
9 a Wherewith fhall a young man
cleanfe his way ? by taking heed thereto
according to thy word.
10 b With my whole heart have I

Before Chrilt
cir. 1015.
b Ver. 3—11, nz,
115.
c Ver, 10. Deut. 4,
29. Jer. 29. 13.
d 1 John 3.9.0: 5.18.
Rom, 7. 16, 17;
e Deut; 4. 9. & 6. 5,
17. & 11. 32. &
12. 32. & 30, 20.
(2 Cor. 3. 5. Rom. 7.
24. 2Thcf. 3. 5.
Jer. 10. 23. Pi. 37.
23. Prov. 3. 6.
Ezek. 36. Z7.
g Ver. So. 1 John z,
Z8. & 4. 17. Dan.
12. 2, 3. Luke 1.
6. Ails 24. 16.
Tit. 2. 12.
h Ver. 171. Pf. q. r.
Sczc.zs. 2 Cor. 1,
12. Jer. 7. 23. Sc
19.5-
J- Heb. judgments of
thy righteoufnefs.
iZecll. 10, 12. If. 45.
24. Phil. 4. 13. JoV
34. 31, 32. ver.
106, 166.

a Eccl. 11. 8. Luke
15. 13. ver. 11. Pf.
37,31. John 15. 3.
& 17. 17. If. 8. 2c.
Rom. 15. 16.
z Tim. 3. 15—17.
b Ver. 2, 34, 58, 69,
5,8.
fought thee: c O let me not wander from cver176.pf.141,
3. Mat. 6. 13. If.
63. 17.
rl Pf. 37. 31. ExorT.
z$. zi. Jofh. 1. 8,
Job 2Z. 22. Prov.
2. 1,1c. Col. 3,16.
Heb. 4. 2. ver. g7.
72, 15. Tit. 2. 12.
z Cor. 7. I.
e Ver. 26, 27, 33, 64,
68, 108, 1'4, 135.
Pf 25. 4, 5. Sc 27.
11. Sc 86. II.
f Pf. 34. II. & 22.
22. fc 40. 9, IO.
g Ver. 32, 72, 162.

thy commandments.
1 1 d Thy word have I hid in mine
heart, that I might not fin againft thee.
1 2 Bleffed art thou, O Lord : c teach
me thy ftatutes.
1 2 f With my lips have I declared all
the judgments of thy mouth.
1 4 £ I have rejoiced in the way of thy
teftimonies as much as in all riches.
15 h I will meditate in thy precepts,
and have refpecf unto thy ways.

h Ver. 23, 48, dj. Pf.
1. 2. ver. 6, 8, 14.
Jer. 6. Vs.

mies of our falvation! But, trufting in God, complete was his
viflory, and glorious his deliverance! Solemn was his afcenfion
into heaven. And, crowned with glory and honour, invefted with
all power in heaven and on earth, and furnifhed with all gifts, all
bleffings, for men, he reigns upon his throne above. Encou
raged by thefe views, let us welcome him into our hearts, fami
lies, and churches, and devote ourfelves to his fervice. And, be-
lievingly claiming him and his Father as our God, our all in all,
let us ever exult in his praife.

Before Chiift
cir. 1015.
iVer. 24, .--,7-, 92.
Pf. 1. i. C-c 43. 8.
Rom. 7. "22.
k Ver. 11, ?3, 93,
109, 141, 157, 176.

"Davidfs complaints, profeffions,
16 ; I will delight myfelf in thy fta
tutes : k I will not forget thy word.
G I M(E L Part iii.
( 1 ) With eagernefs and longings of heart, he fuppli
cates divine favour and inftruclion in God's truths ;
17 — 20- (2) Remarks the juft vengeance of God
upon fuch as wander from his ivays ; 21. (3) Sup
plicates prefervation from reproach, as he obferved,
meditated on, delighted in, and confulted, God's word
in all his conduil ; 22 — 24.
1 7 a Deal bountifully with thy fervant,
that I may live, and keep thy word.
1 8 b * Open thou mine eyes, that I
may behold "¦ wondrous things out of thy
law. 19 d I am a ftranger in the earth; hide

PSALMS.

prayers, and holy refolutions.

»Pf. 13. 6. fc 116. 7.
Phil. 4. 13, 19-
John 1. IO-
b Eph. 1. 17.
* Heb. Reveal.
Eph. 1. 17, 18.
c I Cor. 2. 11, 14-
ver. 27. Mat. 13.
11. iTim. 3. 10.
d Gen. 47. 9- 1 Chr.

z9.is pf;39iz. not thy commandments from me.
zCoi. 5. 6. Heb. J
II. 13.Pt 19. 8.&
105.8. Mat.11. 25

20

My foul breaketh for the longing
ecset. 40. 131 -&4z- that it hath unto thy judgments at all
I. Prov. 13. 12. J J D

times.
f^,fil\:.lz.¥i. 2 1 Thou haft rebuked f the proud that
Miui-V-fci- are curfed, which do err from thy com
Neh. 9 16, zy. Jer. J
\l If! I7' Exod' mandments.
gPf.|9.!.&lzS.3, 4. Sc 22. 6. & 69.

9— J
zo. 8,
4-

22 Remove from me s reproach and
f:\ieT3, contempt ; for I have kept thy tefti

monies.

fc Pf. 2. 1, 2. Ezek.
33. 30. 1 8am. 29. 4.

i See ver. 16.

23 h Princes alfo did fit and fpeak
againft me : but thy fervant did meditate
in thy ftatutes.
24 ' Thy teftimonies alfo are my de-
^tnDelt%ml light, and k my counfellors.
Joih. j. 8. Prov.
''u'*3- D A L E T H. Partiv.
He ( 1 ) Reprefents his diftrefs, and his behaviour un
der it; 25, 28, 26, 30/31 . (2) Supplicates fpiri
tual quickening, inftruclion, ftrength, reclitude of
fentiment, and honour, in the Lord's way; 25 — 31.
(3) Refolves, under the influences of heaven, to be
more aclive in hoiinefs ; 32.
25 a My foul cleaveth unto the duft :
b quicken thou me according to thy
word. 26 c I have declared my ways, and
•Veri'i/o*3*'18' thou heardeft me : d teach me thy ftatutes.
*pr.M.4._z7.„. 27 Make me to underftand the way
& 86. 11. ver. 12, / /- /i 11 — 11 r 1
"• 34- of thy precepts ; £ fo fhall I talk of thy
tver.18.pf.145.;. i ¦ i
&105.2. wondrous works.
'"z^.T^.zl; 28 My foul fmelteth for heavinefs :
Eif.4o.z9,3i-zech. s ftrensthen thou me according unto thy
10. 12. Eph. 3. 16. — ' ° -
pmi. 4. 13. Word.

Si Pf. _. 15. & 44,
25,
bVer. 37,40,50,88,
g3, 107, 149, 154,
156, 159. Pf. 71.
*o. & So. 18. fc
*5-°-

k Prov. 30. 8. PI.
»4J. 3i 4,

29 ^ Remove from me the way of

grant me thy law gra-

Before Chrift
cir. I015.
i Heb. 8. 10. Pf. 37.

Ver. 173. 1 Kin. 8.
36. I Pet. 2. 2.

lying ; and
cioufly. 30 k I have chofen the way of truth: fVa
thy iudornents have I 1 laid before me. ftf
J J tt J . . 1 Deut. 17. 19. ver.
21 m I have ftuck unto thy teftimonies: 6-8-
Or ,, . ^ n m zTim. 1. 13.
Lord, put me not to Iname. prov.23.23.
32 ° I will run the way of thy com- 1^-'-8!n'-
mandments when thou flialt enlarge my ° TLM &*6C»:
u " If.6o.5.Pf.5i.i2.
n^arf- &116. 16. Song 1.
llCctl L. 4, Luke 1.74,75,
1 John 4. io,
H E. Part v.
He (1) Prays for divine inftrutlions, fand ify ing in
fluences, and quickening grace, for the accomplifij-
ment of Gad's promifes to him ; and againft covetouf
nefs, vanity, and reproach; 33 — 40. (2) Enforces
his requefts from his holy refolutions ; his relation to
God; his -zeal for his honour; and his regard to his
excellent declarations, promifes, and precepts ; 33,
34i 38> 4°> 39-
22 a Teach me, O Lord, the way of aV«-".^.^&c.
thy ftatutes; and bI fhall keep it unto ^"t^&Io'
the end. ".S,7,'.9^
34 c Give me underftanding* and I c"&c:,z'33,64'e**
Ihall keep thy law ; yea, I fhall obferve
it dwith my whole heart. d y-er. i0, ss, 69.
» *¦ 1 1 1 c Jer.»9- J3.JTira.
25 e Make me to go in the path of »• 5-^.6.6,7.
thy commandments, for therein do I de

e Son. 1. 4. Ezek,
36. 27.

light

36 f Incline my heart unto thy tefti- fver.m.pr.,4M.
monies,, E and not to covetoufnefs. BJ_imi'3?_:i,uke
2 J * Turn away mine eyes h from be- t^f.'itllf*'
holding vanity; and ' quicken thou me*11*"*"*
in thy .way. ' ^^r
38 k Stablifh thy word unto thy fer-
vant, who is devoted to thy fear

5. if. 33. 15.
Mat. 5. 28. & 6.
13. I John 2. 16.

fear

9 2 Turn away my reproach which I ll

k 2 Sam. 7. 25. Gets.
17.7.

for thy judgments are good
40 Behold, m I have longed after thy "'d^Vls, 205.7 '
precepts : n quicken me in thy righteouf- BK:S 3°*
nefs. "i&.sW Rom.4. 17. iCor.
V A U. Part vi. «s-4s.
Here are ( 1 ) The prayers which he prefented to
God; 41, 43. (2) The graces which he exercifed
upon God and his word; faith, hope, love ; 42,
43, 47, 48. (3) The pratlice which he refolved
on — through grace, to keep God's law ; to feek and
cheerfully praclife his precepts ; boldly to publijh his
truth to others ; and to delight in, meditate ony and
%ealoufly reduce them to pratlice ; 44 — 48.
41 a Let thy mercies come alfo unto arc 106.4. &69.13-,
™ J 16. ver. 76, 132.
me, O Lord, even thy falvation, ac
cording to thy word.
42 b So fliall I have wherewith to an-

iPet.

¦ 3-

bOr So fhall I anfwer
him lh.it repioaih-
<lh n'e m a ihtng.
Pf. 3, 2. &42MO.
i 1.11.1. 6. 21.

David's prayers and complaints, &C. PSALMS
fwer him that reproacheth me: for I truft
in thy word.
43 c And take not the word of truth
utterly out of my mouth ; for d I have
hoped in thy judgments.
^ ver. 43, 166,23. 44e So fhall I keep thy law continually
for ever and ever.
45 And I will walk f at liberty : for I

thankfgivings \ petilhns..

Before Chrift
cir. 1015-

c Dan. ic. 21. Eph.
1. ij. Jam. 1. \'6,
d Ver. 49, 74, 8f,
147. Pf. 130. 5.
John 13. 15.

fHcb. atlargt. Ef.
1. 4. John 8. 2_,
.96?i65-'7'w' feek thy precepts
^silll'.b™";.1* 46 g I willfheak of thy teftimonies alfo
-is. A& 26. .,2. before kings, and will not be alhamed.
"jT^^pfl 47 h And I will delight myfelf in thy
I^:"7'1^'165' commandments, which I have loved.

59X — 6 r . (j) The complaint which he uttered^ 61.
(6) His fervent thankfgiving ; 62. (7) His choice
companions; 63. (8) His deep fenfe of God's abun
dant mercy and grace ; 64.
*

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.

57 A 'Thou art my portion, O Lord : "a^ifKL*
I have faid that I would keep thy words.
c8 b I entreated' thy * favour with my £~V-9iPver!:7'
,J , , , -r 1 10,41,134-lSara.
whole heart: be merciful unto me ac- 7ZS-
cording to thy word.

jMat. 7. 2. John 13.
17. & 15. 14. Jam.
I. 22, 25. 1 Cor.
15. 58.
fc.Seever.i5.Pf. 1. 2.

a Pf. -105. S, 42. ~
jo6. 45. z Sam. 7.
•Z5-
b See ver. 43. Pr. 62.
5. & 71. 14.
c Ver. 143. Jer. 15.
16. Job 23. 12.
Rom. 15. 4.

48 -! My hands alfo will I lift up unto
thy commandments, which I have loved;
k.and I will meditate in thy ftatutes.
Z A I N. Part vii.
Reprefents (i) The comfort itibic'h he had found in
God's word; 49, 5<3, 52, 54. (2) His defire that
God would fulfil his promifei ; 49 : and his care to
remember, think on, and praclife, God's truths ; 51?
52, 5^56. (3) The injurious reproach which he
fuffer ed from the wicked; and his abhorrence of
their fin, and dread of their punifhment ; 51,53.
49 a Remember the word unto thy fer
vant, b upon which thou haft caufed me
to hope. 50 c This is my comfort in my af-
6 flicfion: d for thy word hath qujfckened
63.~5.z5.Ezek. _,„
37. 10. nit;.
« ver. rt.n. 69. ti, 51 * The proud have had me greatly
r ver. 31, 4*. Deut. in derifion ; f yet have I not declined from
4.2.fcl,32. thykw#
^MtVil'sVl^y 5 2 s I remembered thy judgments of
old, O Lord ; and have eomforted my
felf.
"IzraTl'^.o-t 52 h Horror hath taken hold upon me
¦i72iU64Mr9.13' becaufe of the wicked that forfake thy
Hab. 3. 16. 2 Pet. J
|.CjTH=b.,,o.1'26' 54 ' Thy ftatutes have been my fongs
ipTiU-s,.!. in the houfe of m^ Pngrimage-
& 101. 1. Eph. 5. ^ k I have remembered thy name, O
kfr'S'ir:„V9' Lord, in the night, and have kept thy
law.
il}!tit&$:s. 56 1 This I had, becaufe I kept thy
precepts. C H E T H. Part viii.
We have here (i) The portion he chofe ; 57. (2) The
purpofe he formed; 57. (3) The prayers Joe offered
up for favour, mercy, and. inftruclion ; 58—64.
(4) The penilintial care he took to obey God' slaw;

59 c I thought on my ways, and turned cL3"%.lol&
my feet unto thy teftimonies.
60 / I made hafte, and delayed not to d£roIO: %J-*t
keep thy commandments. Aan.41.__.
61 e The "1" bands of the wicked have ^V^tsYm.'jo'.
robbed me : but I have not forgotten thy U&lT'16'"'
bt f At midnight I will rife to give **%$&£&'
thanks unto thee, becaufe of thy g right- s™1*^;™^-
teous judgments. »*«.*«.
63 h I am a companion of all them that hi?i427.97._'i„.l:.
fear thee, and of them that keep thy
precepts. 64 l The earth, O Lord, is full of thy »k_-s.»i«-».
mercy: ^ teach* me thy ftatutes. ^'l&'hgiji: ¦ei.ze./t.e.'Szzj.
T E T H. Part ix. ...&_.i.
Contains ( 1 ) Hearty acknowledgments of God's faith
fulnefs and goodnefs, and of the excellency and ufeful
nefs ofhfs word; 65, 68, 72. (2) Humble acknow
ledgments of the advantage he had received from his
affliclions ; 67, 71. (3) Complaints of the pride,
calumniating reproach, and luxurious ftupidity, of
wicked men; 69,70. (a.) Supplications for divine
inftruclion; 66,68. (5) Declarations of his regard
to God's word, and refolutions to perfevere in the
obfervance of it ; 66 — 72.
65 a Thou haft dealt well with thy ^^tx-ltc
fervant, O Lord, according unto thy .-LVfie^!3'
word. 66 b Teach me good judgment and b5-_.V_?"
knowledge ; for I have believed thy com- eDettt „ IS Prmr.
mandments. Pf.iJi.r'k"'
67 c Before I was affiicfted I went aftray; d j"^'9?Se»"„
d but now have I kept thy word. 6-i_»™-7.
n _-,, x iii/, 1 e Mat. 19. 17. & 5.
60 e lhou art good, and doit good ; fi^j+fy;
f teach me thy ftatutes. 67' 7I'
69 s The proud have forged a lie againft **. " '
me : but I will keep thy precepts h with g%y"\1sit%.
111 A „64-3fcs6-S.
my whole heart. _.„.»,„.**
70 l Their heart is as fat as greafe ; ^.-"•"¦D°ut-
but kT delight in thy law. iPi^,'•i0¦!,f¦6•,0•
© J ITI
7 1 ] // is good for me that I have been

IcVer. 16, 47.

affli&ed ; that I might learn thy ftatutes. ' £i&'_JJ£,

Vt'he benefit of affliclion.

PSALMS.

God's law is to be obferved.

Before Chrift
Cir. 1015.

72 ffi The law of thy mouth is better
V-'-JV&T unto me tlian thoufands of gold and
14. & 6y.zt. ,-er! filver. '-
14, 111, 1*7, 14=.
»o, 16*1 JOD. Part x.
Contains (1) Thankful acknowledgments of God's kind
nefs^ in creation, and of his equity and faithfulnefs in
afflicting; 73, 75. (2) Earneft fupplications for
divine inftruclion ; for frefh difcoveries of God's
mercy; for the confufion of enemies, and the comfort
able fellowfhip of friends; and for an honourable
foundnefs of heart; 73, 76, 77, 79, 80. (3) Holy
joy in the comfort of fellow faints, and efpecially in
God's mercy and word; 74, 76, 77. (4) An holy
refolution to meditate on, and cleave- to, God's teftimo
nies amidft perfecution; 78.
8^&0i38,P.^_: 73 a Thy hands have made me and
ir. 64. s. fafhioned me: b give me underftanding,
b See ver. 11. Eph. i — ¦ i °, ..~»uu.q,
I'iV^'13- that I md-Y learn thy commandments.
1C0, 2.0, iz c Th that fea„ thee i wU, be , d
I Ver. 79. Mal. 3.16. ,'. x r- -r -t ^
pr.89.7. when they lee me, becaufe I have hoped
dPr.34.z.fci4*.7. in thy word_
^effiPg 75 eI know, O Lord, that thy judg-
g",,c",B ments are * right, and that thou f in
* Heb. riSh<cufri,f,. faithfulnefs haft afflicled me.
*!_.«* n-.*, • 76 Let' Sl Pra^ thee' th^ mercif^
4. & 103.3-5. ' kindnefs be + for my comfort, according
•* Heb' "°mf'"m" to thy word unto thy fervant.
hVsT.st'6ilji6'it 77 ULet thy tender mercies come unto
i ver. 16,24, 47, 9*, roe, that I may live: for ' thy law is my
143^ 174. Pf. 1. 2. i -. m ¦' •' J

143, 174. tu 1. 2. 1 ,. -
& 40. 8. Rom. 7. dellCrht.
:__. P

78 k Let the proud be afhamed, for
IH'j^4'^ tne^ c^ea*t Perver^y with me without a
iseevei.is-pr.i.z. caufe; but 'I will meditate in thy pre
cepts. fo. m Let thofe that fear thee turn unto
me, and thofe that have known thy tef
timonies. 80 n Let my heart be found in thy

kVer.zi, 23,86, 51,
161. Pf. 25. 3.- &

» See ver. 73,74, 63,
Pf. 142. 7. fc 16. 3.
& 66. 16.

a John i. 47.'Pf. 25.
21. zCor. 1. iz, '
Afls 24. 16.
• See ver, 6.

ftatutes, ° that I be not afhamed.

C A P H. Part xi.
Contains (i) Bitter complaints of great and long dif
trefs ; 81 — 87. (2) Fervent fupplications for
fpeedy comfort, help, and quickening ; 82, 86, 88.
(3) Pleas with which thefe fupplications are en
forced ; as, that his diflrefs was become infupportabte ;
that his hope was in God's word, and he clave to it in
profeffion and pratlice ; that his life was but fhort, to
have fo much of it fpent in the furnace of affliclion ;
that the malice and pride of his enemies were excef-
ftve ; and, in fine, that God's loving-kindnefs was
infinite; 81 — 88.
•pr.4i.i._7..*6. 8 1 a My foul fainteth for thy falvation :
&S4.2. job 35. 7 . ¦> . , , j
«• but I hope in thy word.
Vol. I.

mg,

82 bMine eyes fail for thy word, fay-
When wilt thou comfort me ?
83 c For I am become like a bottle in
the fmoke; yet do dI not forget thy fta
tutes. 84 e How many are the days of thy
fervant ? when wilt thou execute judg
ment on them that perfecute me ?
85 f The proud have digged pits for
me, which are not after thy law.
86 s All thy commandments are * faith
ful : h they perfecute me wrongfully ;
1 help thou me.
87 k They had almoft confumed me
upon earth ; but 1 1 forfook not thy pre
cepts. 88 m Quicken me afterthy loving-kind
nefs ; fo fhall I keep the teftimony of thy
mouth.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.
b Ver. 123.-Pf.69. ]•
&77-8. K. 38. 14.
Deut. 28. 32.
cjob 30. 30. Pf. 102.
3, 4. fc 22. 15 Sc
31. 4. Jo*. 9. 13.
Mat. 9. 17,
d See ver. 16.
e Pf. 89. 47. & 37. II.
& 39. 4. Rev. 6.

f See ver. 21, 23, 51,
78. Pf. 35.7. Prov.
16. 27.

g Ver. 43, 138, 142,
151, 160. Pi. 19. 9.
Rom. 7. 12.
*Keb. fttithfulncfs.
h See ver. 78, 86.
i Pf, 40. id, 17. &
143.7. &140.1.&
142. 6, 7.
k Mat. 6, 19. & io.
28.
I Ver. 11,31,44, 4?,
51, 61, 69, 72.
m Ver. 25, 40, 50,32.
2Cor. 5. 14, 15.
I John 4. r9- fob,
5. I, z.

LAMED.

Part xii.

Reprefents (i) The eternity and unchangedhlenefs of
God's word and works; 89 — 91. (2) The advan
tage of delighting in, and cleaving to, God's truths ;
92, 93. (3) God's intereft in men a reafon of his
faving the obferver s of his law; 94. (4) David's
adherence to God's truths amidft furious perfecution ;
95* (5) lb* fuperlative excellency of God's word
above all earthly enjoyments; 96.
89 a For ever, O Lord, thy word is
fettled in heaven.
90 b Thy faithfulnefs is * unto all
generations : thou haft eftablifhed the
earth, and it c abideth.
9 1 d They continue this day according
to thine ordinances : for all are thy fer
vants. 92 e Unlefs thy law had been my de
lights, I fhould then have perifhed in
mine affliction.
93 f I will never forget thy pre
cepts : for with them thou haft quickened
me. 94 £ I am thine, fave me ; for I have
fought thy precepts.
95 h The wicked have waited for me
to deftroy me : but ' I will confider thy
teftimonies. 96 k I have feen an end of all perfec
tion-; but l thy commandment is exceeding
broad. « U

a Ver. 152, tSa.
1 Pet. 1. 25. Mati'
5. 18, & 24. 35.
bPf. 100.5.&89.J,
33. Lam. 3. Z3.
* Heb. Io generation
and generation.
C Heb. ficmdeth. Pf.
24. z. & 104. c.
Eccl. I. 4.
d Pf. 148. 6, 8. &
135. 6. If. 48. 13.
Jofli. 10. 13. Judg.
5. zo. Mat. 8. 9.
eRom. 15.4, ver.16.
47, 49i 5°>77, 143-
Pf. 47. 13, 14. i
94- 18, 19. & I07.
20.

f See ver. i6, 50.
John 6. 63.

g Song z. 16. Hof. _
7, 16. If. 44. 5. _
64.8—10. 1 Pet.
4. 19.
hVer.'z;, 61, 69,-8-,
85, 86. Pf. 10. 8—
10. Afls 12. 11, Sc
23. 29.
i Ver. 49, 52,54. Pf.
r . z.
k If. 40.8. Eccl. i.z,
14. iPc-t. 4. 7.
1 Mat. 11. 17— ;g. &
S-l*. lV 24. :-;-

Meditations, vows, prayers, Sec.

PSALMS.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.

MEM.

Part xifi.

a Ver. 16,127,159,
163, 167.
b See ver
z. Sc 139.
Deut. 6. 6,7.

Reprefents the Pfalmift' s ardent affeclion to God's law ;
97 : becaufe ( I ) By it he had attained much ufeful
knowledge and wifdom; 98 — 100. {2) By it he
•was enabled to refrain from, and hate, fin; 1 01, 104;
(3) Thereby he was preferved fteady in the path of
his duty; 10 1, 102. And (4J Obtained much com
fort to his foul; 103.
9 7 a O how love I thy law ! b it is my
=r. i5. pr. 1. meditation all the day.
139. 17, 18. j
98 Thou, through thy command-
c+6^s_i?i<8,!t3'o. ments, c haft made me wifer than mine
zTim. 3. 15—17. • r A s "1
iHeb.i,i,ev,rWith enemies ; for they are ever with me.
•.v_.97.pt.,.,. e j haye more underftanding than
e A<5ts 1.x, x. 2 Tim * ^ . -
L\l'™i.Yc\\*i a^ my teachers ; for thy teftimonies are
ia~'6- my meditation.
r>*8.3pr.8J,9i'. *f ' i oo f I underftand more than the an-
Prov. i. 7. ,
cients, becaufe I keep thy precepts.
1 01 s I have refrained my feet from
every evil way, that I might keep thy
word. 102 ^1 have not departed from thy
judgments : for thou haft taught me.
103 s How fweet are thy words unto
» neb. testate. my * tafte ! yea, fweeter than honey to
my mouth !
* Ver. 98-102. iqa
2T1H1. 3. 15, 17. -^
iver.iz8.pf.w.io. derftanding
& 101. j. prov. 8.

g Ver. 104, iz8, 59,
60. zCor. 7. I.
I Fet 2.1,2.

t> See ver. 5, 7, 11,
34, 73-

1 Pf. 19. 10. Prov. 8.
li. Jer. 15. 16.

k Through thy precepts I get un-
therefore ' I hate every falfe

«.

way.

NUN.

Part xiv.

• Prov. 6.2}. * Pet.
1. 19. Pf. 43. 3. &
19. 8. & 23. 4.
Eph. 5. 13.

Reprefents ( i ) The remarkable ufefulnefs of God's
word; 105. (2) David's folemn dedication of him
felf to God's fervice; 106. (3) His-recourfe to God
by prayer under his afflictions ; 107,108. (4) His
faithful adherence to God's way amidft trouble and
perfecution; 109,110. (5) His Jolemn and delibe
rate choice of God's word for his portion and rule ;
HI, 112.

Or candle.

105 a Thy word is a * lamp unto my
*2Chr.i4.fi5Neh. feet, and a light unto my path.
_cor.8.5'.job34. 106 b I have fworn, and I will perform
//, that I will keep thy righteous judg-

31, 32.
c Pf. vi. xiii. xxii.
xxxi. xxx^.
^¦l"±bifu- ments. 107 c I am affli&ed very much : quicken
me, O Lord, according unto thy word.
, 108 Accept, I befeech thee, d the free
-will-offerings of my mouth, O Lord,
\9tZftl\V*' and € teach me thy judgments.
Rom. 8. 36. 2 Cor. <••»«• r i • e. • 11
"¦*j- 109 l My ioul is continually in my
s ye. 83, _6,ii7, nand . E yet do j not forget thy iaw>
*&miS9.p&35-'7: il° h The wicked have laid a fnare

cxliii. ver. 25.
A Lev. 22. 18. Num.
29. 39. Hof. 14. .z.
Heb, 13.15. iPet.
»¦ S-
eSecver.12,26,130,

Apieals, fupplications, profefftons.
for me : yet I erred mot from thy pre- %„",,,£
cepts.

in1 Thy teftinfonies have I taken as ^.Vet,7*,"!'

11. 59. 21.
k Ver. 77, 92, 174.
Jer. 15. 16.

an heritage for ever ; k for they are the
rejoicing of my heart.
nz'I have inclined mine heart ¦ t to !^.,59'97'Pf-
perform thy ftatutes alway, even unto the tH„.i._.
end. S A M E C H, Part xv.
We have here ( i ) David's hatred of fin and love of
God's law; 113. (2) His profeffion of dependance
upon God; 114. (3) His debarring of wicked men
from his company; 115. (4) His prayer for fup
port, comfort, and honour, in the Lord's way; 116,
117. (5) His forefight of, and trembling at, the
ruin of die wicked ; 118 — 120.
1 1 2*a I hate vain thoughts: b but thy »J«-4-«4-»»-«*
1 r T 1 •* b See ver. 97, ioj,
law do 1 love. IU>m-
114 c Thou art my hiding place and C7-r'&3 *-'-&£
my fhield: I d hope in thy word. fzSn'^'tik
1 1 5 e Depart from me, ye evil doers ; H' "• & 9'- *•
for I will keep the commandments of my 5-e6
God. 116 f Uphold me according unto thy n
word, that I may live : and let me not be iix;^*"-
g afhamed of my hope. e ^om-j?; {SF^-
1 1 7 h Hold thou me up, and I fhall be hpr. is. i. ipet. ¦.
fafe: 'and I will have refpe£t unto thy j'uder.10'*'19'
ftatutes continually. ly£&%£&
1 1 8 k Thou haft trodden down all them ^V^ll'l:"
that err from thy ftatutes : for their de^ ' 6j- h 4-
ceit is falfehood.
1 1 9 Thou i putteft away all the wicked ^.y^-
of the earth like drofs : m therefore I love mpr. spilth.
2. 11,12. Rev. 15.

d Ver. 81. Pf. 130.
5,6.
ePf.6.8. &139. 19.
Mat. 7. 23. Pf. 26.
4, 5, 9. fc 28. 3.

thy teftimonies.
120 nMy flefh trembleth for fear of" £_«'!_;

119.

thee ; and 1 am afraid of thy judgments.
A I N. Part xvi.
Here David ( 1 ) Appeals to God as to his integrity and
equity; 121. (2) Supplicates that God would pro-
tecl him againft enemies, grant him merciful deliver
ance and faving inftruclion, and arife for the main
tenance of his own honour; 121 — 126. (3) En
forces his requefts with thefe pleas — that he was
God's fervant, and that he could no longer bear up
under trouble ; 122 — 125. (4) Prof effes his fuper-
lative regard to God's law and hatred ofi all iniquity j
127, 128.
121 a I have done judgment and juftice:
b leave me not to mine oppreffors.
122 c Be furety for thy fervant for 9'
J J r c Heb. 7,

a 2 Sam 8 ij.Pf. 75.
2. & 89.72. If. 3S.
3, A£i9 24. 16.
b Pf. 37. 33. 2 Pet. z.

good : let not the proud opprefs me.

22. if. 38,
14. lee ver. zi. Pf.
10. 2. fc 12. 5,

Earnef prayers.

PSALMS.

Holy profeffions.

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.

123 d Mine eyes fail for thy falvation,
dver 8i,sz.pi.69. and for the word of thy righteoufnefs.
3. & 27. 13. Sc 143. . ./ O
7; 124 Ueal with thy fervant according
cPf.r.c46.,47.(i&?69. unto thy mercy, and f teach me thy
j;, 16. 2 Tim. i-n. J • ^
.6,18. itatutes.
ffeevrf. 1Z.26.& 125 e I am thy fervant ; h give me un-
gp.-. 116.16. ver. 94. derftanding, that I may know thy tefti-
hseever.34,66. monies>
ivli\"'MuTt7- I20 '* It is time for thee, Lord,, to
work : for they, have made void thy law.
k8.r','i9'ii°'vePrro72, I27 k Therefore I love thy command-
&c- meqts above gold; yea, above fine gold.
^'i^'ov^: 128 therefore I efteem all thy pre
cepts concerning all things to be right ; and
. See ver, ,04. m J ^ ^^ ^ w^
P E. Part xvii.
Here David ( 1 ) Declares his efteem of, and regard to,
God's word; 129 — 131: and his deep concern for
men's violation of it ; 136. (2) Supplicates for
mercy, direclion, prefervation, deliverance, fpiritual
comfort, and inftruclion; 132 — 135.
129 aThy teftimonies are wonderful;
therefore doth my foul keep them.
130 b The entrance of thy words giveth

a See ver. 18. I Tim.
, 3- 16.

bjPet. x.ig.PC. 19.

M'6. ^Mat. ui light ; it giveth underftanding unto the

Z5.

(imple.

c l.\.*e™f*t l2l c I opened my mouth, and panted ;
4Z.1.&84.2. £Qr j longed for fhy commandments.
-ta-,._4._«i. __2 dLook thou upon me? and be
*^t:flZinl.Thc.' merciful unto me, * as thou ufeft to do
&c

1 towards thofe,

unto thofe that love thy name.

'g^il: £"&_!: I33e Order my fteps in thy word : and
2'9' let fnot any iniquity have dominion over
fPf. 19. 13. Rom. 6. J *¦ J
14. & 7- Z3> Z4- me.
8JRriVpi-:sTi.I_ 134 s Deliver me from the oppreffion
^fi'-jftji- of man : fo will I keep thy precepts.
hNum.6.z5.pr.4. 1 35 K Make thy face to fliine upon thy
6. & so.,, 3,7,,9. ft i ancj teach me thy ftatutes.
1 Sec ver. 12, 124. ' J
k see ver.;,. jer.,. 136 k Rivers of waters run down mine
l'.4..zepil:}.zk' eyes, becaufe they keep not thy law.
T Z A D D I. Part xviii.
Ctntains ( I ) David's celebration of the righteoufnefs of
God's nature and work, and of the righteoufnefs, faith
fulnefs, and purity, of his word; 137, 138, 140,
142, 144. (2) His avozved remembrance of, zeal
for, and delight in, God's word, notwithftanding much
contempt and trouble fuffered on account of his ad
herence to it; 139-143. (3) His fervent prayer
for fpiritual inftruclion ; 1 44.
3pv 9.- Dem. -i. 137 a Righteous art thou, O Lord,
tf scL',!f.zft' anj upright are thy judgments.

14.
f Heb. cuf me ef.
tri.d, or re
fined. Pi. 12. 6. SS
18. 30. Prov. 30.5.
1 Pet. 2. 2. Rom.

33. 20, 21. I Pet.
I. 23. Mat.
Deut. 32 4.
g John 17. 17. Eph.

138 b Thy teftimonies that thou haft c.r0.reiois.
commanded are * righteous and very faith- bs«ver.86,i44.
O ^ Rom. 7. 12, 14.
IUl. • Heb. li'lsteottfltrfl
139 c My zeal hath + confumed me; "fff'vw1-
becaufe mine enemies have forgotten thy c ^ff^ft^M;
words. 14.0 Thy word is very d pure ; there- 'iijtb.
fore thy fervant loveth it.
141 e I am fmall and defpifed; yet do 7-^4
not 1 forget thy precepts. e-6m_S4o',*7.p_«:
142 fThy righteoufnefs is an ever- fV^."^'^,.,,
lafting righteoufnefs, *and thy law is the Xfzfru^li
truth. 1 42 h Trouble and anguifh have ' taken '¦ t}
, , ft-> I. t l h Ver. 107. Pf, 77, a
hold on me : yet thy commandments are &*g* ^j.1-*8,
my delights. i Heb, /.«_!,_.
144 ^The righteoufnefs of thy tefti- k8™¥"**
monies is everlafting: m give me under- 1 see ver. „, 138,
(landing, and I fhall live.
K O PH. Part xix.
Contains ( I ) David's importunate fupplications for
gracious audience, neceffary falvation, and quickening
influence; 145 — 147, 149. (2) His hopes in, ani
meditations on, God's word, as perfectly true and
perpetually ftable ; 147, 148, 151, 152. (3) In
danger from wicked men, he flees to God for relief;
149—151. 145 a I cried with my whole heart ; * „0,'&*o"V?r
hear me, O Lord : b I will keep thy ft."* ,3' M";
ftatUteS. bVenz.g.Jobj*.
146 I cried unto thee ; fave me, * and *or»i„ i,m, kef.
I fliall keep thy teftimonies.
147 c I prevented the dawning of the cT^]Hf.&ift'.
morning, and cried: I hoped in thy ir.-.'o'. Mark?:
, -' r J 35- Heb. 4. 16. fc
word. 10. 19-iz.
148 dMine eyes prevent the night *¥%&*<£&
watches, that I might meditate in thy ''"'i!'
word.

*4i 47-
m Seever. 34, 66,
125. John 17. 3.
Jjohn 5, 20. Prov.
6. 23. Eph. 1. 18.

149 e Hear my voice according unto

ePf 4. 1. & 69. 13,
16. If. 63. 7.
thy loving-kindnefs: O Lord, f quicken fs«™--^4°,p.
me according to thy judgment.
1 50 g They draw nigh that follow after s p™"''-'^'1'
mifchief: they h are far from thy law. h"f%b:iz,F,f°-
151 'Thou art near, O Lord; and Rom.2?.1?, il-: J!*
k all thy commandments are truth. iPf.i4S.i3.&i6r.
1 C2 Concerning thy teftimonies, I have iV& m-H-I:15'
O ost ¦ * Deut. 4, 7.
known of old 'that thou haft founded k Vcr. s<, ,38,
them for ever.

, . '4J-
PI- 105. b. John
17- 17-
1 V-.-r. ,.;,, ,6o.
Ltiltc .-.1. 33. Pf.
/ \ r\ y-i ' lu. « Mai. c. 18.
Contains (i) David's erics to God that he would con- **¦*¦>>¦ ip'ci.i.
fider his offi'itl'ton, plead his cauje, deliver him, and

R E S C H. Part xx.

5 U 2

Prayers, complaints, meditations.

PSALMS.

dr^oil? lu'lchn his foul> *53. »54» 156, 159. ift) His
•———_————. adherence to, love for, and high efteem of, God's word;
153, 154, 157, 159, 160. (3) His defrription of
thecharailer and mifery cf the wicked; 155, 157,
158. .
1 „VBxodVf l53 a Confider mine affliclion, and de-
8. 'fee ver. ,6. ' J^ me; £¦__ J fo ^ fo^ tny laW.
**?_?" 3S' " 1 54 b Plead my caufe, and deliver me :
c ver. is, 40, 50, c quicken me according to thy word.
dpi^27&i"'!l' T55 d Salvation is far from the wicked ;
Rom. 2. 8,9/' ' for they feek nQt thy ftatutes.
'ViS'^' 156 e* Great „n? thy tender mercies,
•or Mi-. O Lord : f quicken me according to thy
rver. »5) 40, 149. judgments.
gpf-i-i-fc"". 1 57 £ Many are my perfecutors and
h ver. no, i4i. pf- mine enemies; yet hdo I not decline from
|t: prov. 4° 18. thy teftimonies.
Job 17. 9. J
iver.53.136.Ezek. 158 ' I beheld the tranfgreffors, and
%\fljf I-4' was grieved ; becaufe they kept not thy
word.
kver. 97,iz7, «s. i $g ~ Confider how I love thy precepts :
1 ver. 25, ss. 1 quicken me, O Lord, according to thy
loving-kindnefs.
"p^'I8*'41" 160 m + Thy word is true from the be-
iweb.'rheheginnmg p-inning : n and every one of thy-righteous
if thy word is true. O O 7 /• JO
nver. 96, i4z, 144, judgments endureth for ever.
>5Z. S C H I N. Part xxi.
Here ( 1 ) David complains to God of perfecution from
princes; 161. (2) Profeflfes his holy awe of, his
delight in, his love to, and careful obfeervance of,
God's teftimonies, and his utter deteftation of falfehood;
161 — 168. (3) Avows his perfuafion of the happi
nefs ofthe godly, and his own hopes of God' s falvation ;
165, 166.
" Ve,' 2&26ST It 1 61 a Princes have perfecuted me with-
**9'4, out a caufe: but my heart bftandeth in
'» Pf. 4. 4. If. 66. 2. r . , J
job 31. 14, Z3- awe of thy word.
CJ.T,,,5.27?'ver"72' 162 c I rejoice at thy word as one that
findeth great fpoil.
ever! 97'/° 1 63 d I hate and abhor lying; e but thy
r ver. 62. pr. 55. 17. law do I love.
& 48. 11. & 97. 8. .
%it%{,'cKZ\ 164 Seven times a day do I praife
irhef. 5. is. thee, becaufe of thy righteous judgments.
g Prov. 3. 2, 17. If. ' _, J - , 1 ° ,
fz'ek7'3(fz56 ,6' I05 g Great peace have they who

Pious profeffiens and earnef prayers.
love thy law j and * nothing (hall offend *$?£$
them.

• Heb Ih-yfhallhnt

166 Lord, hI have hoped for thy fal- ,,"_".£,£'*
vation, and done thy commandments. Jjohn^.f;,1.8'
167 ' My foul nath kept thy teftimo- ''^-^^
nies ; and I love them exceedingly.
168 I have kept thy precepts and thy
teftimonies ; fof all my ways are k before k[?zi?'cta.,.*<
, ' ; J J ku9.1V
thee.

Pror.

TAU.

Part xxii.

Here are ( I ) David's prayers for accefs to God, and
for inftruclion, deliverance, help, and recovery, from
God; 169, 170,173, I7Sj 176. (2) Hearty pro-
feffions of his regard to God's word, and to the falva
tion therein contained; 169 — 1 76. (3) His humble
confeffion of his wandering from God, and defire io be
brought back; 176.
169 a Let my cry come near before SLeuke,4,5r849jaT'
thee, O Lord : b give me underftanding bv„'.,4. l8.2Sara.
according to thy word. „29,'. \ 5°' '5*
1 70 Let my fupplication come before
thee : deliver me according to thy word.
171 c My lips fhall utter praife when c Tf,rg; JJ J?£
thou haft taught me thy ftatutes. »-idlsl'
172 a My tongue fhall fpeak of thy ^o.&^'.t^'.9'
word ; c for all thy commandments are * ver. m, ,38, i4z,
. , - r ,4*- m- li ,z>

righteoufnefs.

14. pr. 12. 6.
fpf.40. 17.ve1.n6>

i Jofli. 24. 22. Luke
10.42. Prov. l.zo.
ver. 30, III.

173 f Let thine hand help me; for &I «y
have chofen thy precepts.
1 74 h I have longed for thy falvation, .
/ ~ — ' . 1 1 ¦ 1 Cen. «. 18. ver.
O Lord ; a and thy law is my delight. 8l' "*•
175 kLet my foul live, and it fhall "£.*«•'*'*»
praife thee ; and let thy judgments ' help k

me.

Pf.8o.l8.&7l.Z3.
Rom. 8. 28. Pf 3;.
1. & 43. 1. 2 Cor.
4.17.

176 m I have gone aftray like a loft mir.5i.6.iPet.*
fheep : feek thy fervant ; for I do not ~_,_*i£i£
forget thy commandments.
PSALM. CXX.
Why this pfealmf and the fourteen following, are called
Songs of Degrees, we do not certainly know. It is
plain that fome of them are fuited to fecret worfhip,
feme to the family, and others to the public affembly.
This pfalm, from its affinity to the $2d, is fuppofed to
refer to Doeg the Edomite ; [1 Sam. xxii.] Wehave

Reflections upon Psalm CXIX. — Let this pfalm be a
touchftone, by which I may try my heart and my life. Let me
conftantly inquire — Are thefe gracious tempers and holy exercifes
of faith, love, hope, humility, patience, and zeal, to be found
in my foul ? Has my heart, purged from an evil confeience in
Jefus' blood, made thefe meditations, prayers, refolutions, and
confeiiions, truly my own? Is God's word, his teftaments in
Jefus' blood, the fole ftandard of all my faith and law of my prac

tice? Is it the channel of Jefus' fulnefs of grace and comfort to
my heart ? Is it the inftruftor, the counfellor, the quickener, the
medicine, the armour, the treafury, the wealth, the fupport, the
guard, the joy, and the all, of my foul? — do I receive it as a
word to me from God, .and ufe it as my plea with him for
whatever I need? Happy is he that is thus living in thefe delightful
exercifes.

8

Boeg'sjlanden and punifhment.

Before Chrift
Cir. 10581

frPf. cxx— cxxxiv*
titles.

( ft) The pfalmift' s prayer to God for deliverance from
the ruinous influence of malicious and falfe accufa-
tions; 1,2. (2) His denunciation of the juft, fearful,
and lafting, judgments of God againft his malicious
accufer s; 3, 4. (3) His complaints of his quarrel
fome and vexatious neighbours; 5 — 7.
a A fong of degrees.

IN b my diftrefs I cried unto the Lord,
and he heard me.

bPf. 18.6. fcj4.6,
15, 19 Sc 118. 5.
Jon. 2. 2. Luke
22. 42. Heb. 5. 7.
'v^V;?,'4,0- 2 c Deliver my foul, O Lord, from
I"- "II. Ot JI. 20. •/ * '
if. 54- ,7- lying lips, Wfrom a deceitful tongue.
* Ot What Ihall the *TT7U n „ , - , — '
deceitM tongue 2 W nat malt be given unto thee, or.
zohatjhaiiittroft what foall be t done unto thee, thou falfe
t Heb. add,d. tongue?
*2S**4J? 4 * d Sharp arrows of the mighty, with
man, with coals o/„„^1„_r*
juniper. coals or jumper.
d„'is42o.5io&&en!t: 5 ' Wo is me, that I fojourn in Me-
S*J!_*3I._iJ.' fech, that I dwell in the tents of Ke-
>4- ' l |
e Mic. j. i— c. Pf. aar •
gfiicSri4. 6 My foul hath long dwelt with him
~* *_-**. nt,/ that hateth Peace-
3' 7 I „«z H /or peace : s but when I fpeak
H Oi a man of peace. , ' - •* L *¦
SPf.,o9.4,5.&3S- ttiey are for War'
PSALM CXXI.
Here, ( I ) In the firm faith of being heard, David fup
plicates divine help and proteclion; I, 2. (2) He
comforts himjelf and others with thi afifurance of God's
a pr. cxx—cxxxhr. infallible direction and protection; 3 — 8.
a A fong of degrees.

PSALMS, God's kind proteclion. Jerufalem s glory.
6 * The fun fliall not fmite thee by °£l£,T
day, nor the moon by night. gpr.9L5.10.1r49.
7 h The Lord fhall preferve thee from Gen- 5>-'4-1 "
all evil : he fhall preferve thy foul. h^j*5>~?
8 ' The Lord ihall preferve thy going ^yfift^hj:
out, and thy coming in, from this time i Deut. 28. e. p™.
r s -t r " '" "° — " ~
forth and even for evermore.

3-6. 1 Sam. 2. 9.
Dent. 33.3. iPm,
I. 5- Pf. 1. 3-

PSALM CXXII.
This pfalm appears to have been compofed for the ufe of
the Hebrews at their three folemn feafts; [Lev.
xxiii.] We have in it ( I ) Expreffions of great joy in
going up to Jerufalem; 1,2. (2) High commenda
tions of the beauty, order, fandity, and honour, of
Jerufalem; 3—5. (3) The duty and happinefs of
fuch as are really concerned for the welfare of Jerufa
lem, the church of God; 6 — 9.
a A fong of degrees of DavicL

« Pf. cxx— cxxxiv-.
titles.

I* b WILL lift up mine eyes unto the
hills, from whence cometh my help.
2 c My help cometh from the Lord,

*Or Shall 1 lift tip.
mine eyes to the hills?
whence fhould my
help come ? Jer. 3,
>M87.i.&76.2. -^- hills, from whence cometh my help.
&2. 6. &3. 4.'&
Sc 9. 11. 123. 1.
cpf.i24.8.&3.s. who made heaven and earth.
os is. 31—48.
iisam. z,9. Deut. 3 d He will not fuffer thy foot to be
37-z4-i'pet'-*'-5. moved : he that keepeth thee will not
Jade 1. John 10. ST
*>** (lumber.
slf 2,7.3. 1 Kin. 18.
27. Pl 27. 1..&2Z.
7, 3. & 44. 23.
' £e.n„f',s'Deut" neither flumber nor fleep,
f ir.z5. 4. & 32. z. 5 The Lord is thy keeper : f the Lord
ISIS is thy made upon thy right hand.

4 Behold, e he that keepeth Ifrael fhall

b WAS glad when they faid unto me, hpfl4sl',l&*2-
c Let us go- into the houfe of the cIf-*-5 -zech.s.zi
O —23. Jer. 31. 6.
RD.
2 d Our feet fhalLftand within thy gates, X'Sy-^'
O Jerufalem. «-«-i4-
3 e Jerufalem is builded as a city that '^S'*
is compadf together : Rev,xxi"
4 f Whither the tribes go up, the tribes- ^-"i."".* £•'•
ofthe Lord, unto the s teftimony of £_"„„;$
Ifrael, to give thanks unto the name of ^I'lll
the Lord. &-• 35,34.
5 For there * are fet h thrones of * Heb-^'-
judgment ; the thrones of the houfe of W.'-mV*
David. 6 ; Pray for the peace of Jerufalem: ,™V&*}.7i£
they fhall profper that love thee..
7 k Peace be within thy walls, andfw'z.*
profperity within thy palaces.
8 l For my brethren and companions* "Stf*!**?
fakes, I will now fay, Peace be within. Phil'J'4,
thee. 9 m Becaufe of the houfe of the Lord ^^int
our God I will feek thy good. \l£™yl:&
Jo 62. 1, 6, 7.

51. 50. Pf. 35. 27.
Sc 69. 36. fc 102.

.. Set), j. St
54. 13. _ 661 12.
John 16. 33.

Reflections upon Psalm CXX. — Inveterate malice againft
the faints never refufes the bafeft means of venting itfelf: and it is
the faints' ordinary lot to be virulently reproached by the wicked.
But dreadful, penetrating, deftrutftive, furious, and lafting, is the
ruin of their reproachers at laft ! It is grievous for the lovers of
God to be long removed from public ordinances, or to be forced
by neceffity into continued connections with the wicked. But
every one born of God ought to be a child of peace. Envy and
ftrife are all from hell. And, though others continue inveterate,
we ought to abound in charity, and follow the things which make
for peace.

Reflections upon Psalm CXXI.— In every difficulty our
eyes ought to be fixed on God, in his temple, his Chrift, his hea
ven, as the author of our help, protection, and deliverance. He
is a fure refuge to them who flee to him; and with him nothing
is impoffible. In him nothing good can be wanting, no direction,
no prefervation.:, and in him no troubles can hurt us.
_ Reflections upon Psalm CXXII.— They who love God
himfelf cannot but delight to draw near unto him in the ordinances
of his worfhip; cannot but love his church, and be earneftly con
cerned in prayer and in practice for her real welfare. From regard
to the faints, who are therein begotten and nourifhed up to eler-

Prayers in great diflrefs.

PSALMS-

Ifrael's deliverance celebrated.

Eernre_Chrift cir. ioai.

a "PY« ckx — cxxxiv.
titles.
bPf. j_Y. I. &25.
15. & 115- 3- If-
66- i- Mat. 14. ig.
John 1 1. 41. & 17.
1. Eccl. 5. 2. Mat.
6.9.
¦ C Piov. 31.15. Job
7-2.

d Gen. 49. 18. pf.
119. 8r. & 71. 14.
& 02.1,5. Lukci8.
J, 7. Gen.. 32. 26.

ePf. 56. 1.&57.T.&
. &Sy 50,51. &7y.
4. & 44. 13, 14.

f _J5{un..x6 20. , Neh,
4. 2, Luke 16. 14.
Pf. 1 19. 21. & 10.
a. Joi) 12. 5-ProY.
a 1. 2+:

a Pf. cxx— cxxxiv.
ttdes.

bPf.C4.4.& 118.6.
Heb. 13. 5. Ron}.

cGen. 3.15. Pf. 57.
32. & 2. i,a. &.j.
1. & 10. 18.
d Pf. 22, 12, 13, 16.
Prov. 1. 12, Jer.
51^4. Jon." 1. 17.
Num. 16...32.
e Job 38. 11. Pf. 18.
4. & 69. 1, 2. If. 8.
7,8. & 4?. 2. Jer.
46. 7, 8. Dan. 9.
£6. & 11. 22, 40.
2 Chr. zo. 12. If.
J9. ig. Rev. 12.16.

PSALM CXXIII.
This pfalm relates to the. diftreffed condition of the church ;
and contains ( I ) Earneft longings for, and believing
expectations of, merciful deliverances from God; I, 2,
.(2) An improvement of great diftrefs as a plea for
fpeedy and remarkable relief; 3, 4.
a A fong of degrees.
UNTO b thee lift I up mine eyes, O
thou that dwelleft in the heavens.
2 Behold, c as the eyes of fervants look
unto the hand of their mafters, and as the
eyes of a maiden unto the hand of her
miftrefs ; d fo our eyes wait upon the
Lord our God, until that he have mercy
upon us.
2 e Have mercy upon us, O Lord,
have mercy upon us ; for we are ^exceed
ingly filled with contempt.
4f Our foul is exceedingly filled with
the fcorning of thofe that are at eafe, and
with the contempt of the proud.
PSALM CXXIV.
This pfalm is highly applicable tto every remarkable deli
verance which God works for his church, efpecially to
. the great redemption wrotcght for his people by Chrift.
In it (1) David reprefents the great danger they were
in; 1 — 5. (2) Afcribes the glory of their deliver
ance to God; 1,2,6,77. (3) Improves the deliver
ance as an encouragement io truft in God; 8.
a A fong of degrees of David.
IF it had not been the Lord who was
bon our fide, now may Ifrael fay;
2 If// had not been the Lord who was
on our fide, when c men rofe up againft
us ;
2 d Then they had fvva-llowed us up
quick, when their wrath was kindled
againft us.:
4 e Thenfh*; waters had -overwhelmed
us, the ftream had gone over our foul:

nai life, and efpecially from regard to the honour of her God, .they
will conftantly feek her good.
.Reflections upon Psaxm CXXIII. — In what a humble,
refigned, and obedient, temper, and with what earneftnefs, ought
we to look up to God for help and deliverance. While his great
mercy encourages us, our great contempt and trouble fhould drive
us to his throne of grace, and oblige us to wait upon him till he
grant our requefts.
Reflections upon Psalm CXXIV. — How furioufly the ene
mies of the church rage againft her, and threaten to carry all be-

5 Then the proud, waters had gone
over our foul. , -
6 f Blefied be the Lord, who hath not (
given us as a prey to their teeth.
7 s Our foul is efcaped as a bird out of
the fnare of the fowlers : the fnare is g
broken, and we are efcaped.
8 h Our help is in the name of the h
Lord, who made heaven and earth.
PSALM CXXV.
Reprefents (1). The happinefs of the faints in the fixed-
nefis of their new covenant ftate ; the fafety of their con
dition; the feafonablenefs of their deliverances ; andthe
advantage of effeclual fervent prayers in their behalf;
I — 4. (2). The mifery of the wicked, particularly
of apoftates from the ways of God; 5.

Before Chrift
cir. 1020.

sHrtj.z,,. Be 18.
¦491 S°- * 4»- 3—
11. or 46. 6—
II- Sc 72. 18.
1 Sam. 17, 34, 35,
Prov. 30. 14.
Pf. 91. 3. Prov. 6.
s'^f- *5- '5' '7.
2 Tun. 2. 26. Pf.
119. no.
Pf. ill. 2. & 20. 5,
7. Sc 60. 12. Sc 89.
19. 2 Cor. 1. 10.
I Poj. 4. 19. Provi
18. 10. Huf. 13. 9.

a A fon°; of degrees..
o _
THEY b that truft in the Lord fhall
be as mount Zion, which cannot be
removed, but abideth for ever.
2 c As the mountains are round- aboiit
Jerufalem, fo the Lord is round about
jhis people from henceforth even for ever.
2 d For the rod of * the wicked fhall
not reft upon the lot of the righteous ;
left the righteous put forth their hands
unto iniquity.
4 e Do good, O Lord, unto thofe that
be good, and to them that are upright in
their hearts.
5 f As for fuch as turn afide unto their
crooked ways, the Lord fhall lead them
forth with the workers of iniquity : s but
peace fhall be upon Ifrael.
PSALM CXXVI.
This pfalm r-elates to fome remarkable deliverance of the
Jewifi} church, perhaps from Babylon, as typical of
thofe of the gofpel church ; and (i) Reprefents great
admiration of, and thankfulnefs for, the deliverance ;

a Pf. cxx— cxxxiv,
titles.
b Pf. 25. 2. & 31. 1.
& 34. 22. & 02. 2,
6. Prov. 10. 25I
Mat. 16. 18. 1 Pet.
1. 5, If. 45. 17.
c Zech. z. 5. Deut.
33. Z7. John 10.
?.-', zo. Jude 1.
Col. 3.3. Pf. 91.
i_o.
d Prov. 22. 8. If. 10.
5. & 14. 5. 1 Cor.
10. 13. Deut. 32.
35, 36. Pf. 103. 3,
14. Rev. 2. 10.
* Heb. wickednefs.

ePf.84. II.&34.9,
10. fc 51. 18. Sc
73. I. Rom. 8. 28.
z Cor. 4. 17, 18.
Lam. 3. 25.

f Prov. 14. 14. Jer. 2.
19. Heb. 10. 38.
Mat. 24. 51. & 25.
41, 46. zThef. I.
8,9.
g Pf. iz8. 6. Gal. 6.
16. Ezek. 34. 25,
Sc 37. 26. Hof. 2.
IS. If. 54. 10, 13.
&g. 7.

fore them ! But power and policy in vain unite to deftroy the fouls
which God will fave. And, when we are in appearance neareft
to be overcome and perifh, then fhall we be made more eminently
to experience the falvation of God.
Reflections upon Psalm CXXV. — Happy are they who
truft in the Lord ! Immoveable is their new covenant ftate.
They are eftablifhed, guarded, and protected, by God; and, in
performance of his promife, he will fupply them with every thing
good. But dreadful and lafting is their mifery who apoftatize
from him to the paths of wickednefs !
"V

fudalfs captivity returned.

PSALMS.

Before Chrift
cir. 535.

1 — 3. (2) Contains prayers for, and encouragements
of, faints exercifed with tribulation; 4 — 6.
a A fong of degrees.
WHEN the Lord b turned again the
captivity of Zion c we were like
them that dream.
2 d Then was our mouth filled with

a Pf. cxx—cxxxiv.
titles.
b" Heb. returned the
returning of Zion.
Ezra i.
C Acts 12. r). Luke
Z4. II. Gen. 45,
z6.
dPf:i4. 7. &S3-6.
Job 8. zi. If-3S- .
,9.._7:_ti8.'_! laughter, and our tongue with linging :
epi.58.io&64,9- then e faid they among the heathen,
Ezek. 36- 35, 36- m] - J - . . '
&37.z.,28. ^phe lord hath done great things for
»Heb. hath tn sgnifed ,
to do mith than. tnem .
fPf.18. 50, SI.&7Z. 0
¦ I8- J

f The Lord hath done great things
for us ; whereof we are glad.
ET,r'jlr.43."lr'ir: 4 B Turn again our captivity, O Lord,
itif-iU- as tne ftreams in the fouth.
hiljli7' i&-_ 5 h They that fow in tears fhall reap
Hof.ff.'.3,z. 'mtj0y. 6 i He that goeth forth and weepeth,
bearing + precious feed, fhall doubtlefs
come again with rejoicing, bringing his
fheaves with him.

18. Rev. 19.
zo. Sc 18. 20. &
12. 10.

iPf. 30. 5. Mat. 5.4.
If. 61. 3. Jer. 50.
4, 5. Hof. 10. iz.
I Cor. 15' 58.
t Ot feei-haiitt.

a PH cxx— cxxxiv.
Ixxii. titles.
* Or of Solomon.
k Pf. 33. 16, 17- &
121. 3—5. Prov.
16. 9. Sc zo. Z4. &
ZI. 31. Eccl. 9. 11.
I Cor. 3.-7. Jer. 5.
10. Sc 10. Zi.

c Pf. 104. Z3. Prov.
31.15, 18. Eccl. 9.
10, 11.
dGen. 3. 19. Eccl. 5
17. I Kin. ZZ1 -~
e Pf.4.8. Ezek. 34.
Z5. Deut. 33- 12. 2
'^I'^tf " LORD =
5D3e.°-,1'.4' ir' reward

Happinefs of the 'godly.
are in the hand of a

4 s As arrows
mighty man, fo are children ofthe youth. g~je7p
5 h Happy is the man that + hath his
quiver full of them : ; they fliall not be +
afhamed, but they k fhall fpeak with the
enemies in the

Before Chrift
cir. 1015.

PSALM CXXVII.
This pfalm relates to David's orders for building the tem
ple; [1 Chron. Xxii: xxviii.] or to Solomon's adual
building of it; [2 Chron. ii— vi.] It teaches us con
ftant dependance upon God in all our concerns; particu
larly (1) In profpering our undertakings, or rearing
our families; 1. (2) In protecting our refidence and
country; 1. (3) In enriching us without exceffive
care or labour ; 2. (4) In giving us agreeable heirs
to poffefs our fubftance ; 3 — 5.
a A fong of degrees * for Solomon.
EXCEPT bthe Lord build the houfe,
they labour in vain that build it :
except the Lord keep the city, the watch
man waketh but in vain.
2 It is vain for you to " rife up early,
to fit up late, to eat d the bread of forrows :
v- for c fo he giveth his beloved fleep.
fLo, children are an heritage ofthe
and the fruit of the womb is his

gate.

h Job 1. 2. Pf. 128. 3
— 6. If. 49. 20,21.
Heb. hath filed lis
quiver uilth them.
i Prov. 2;. II. with
Jjb 5. 4.
k Or jhalt ful- Ja; a3
Pi". IS. 47.

Reflections upon Psalm CXXVI. — God's church is often
in great tribulation for a time: and no deliverance comes till God
himfelf effect it. Noted deliverances make obfervers to wonder,
and faints to rejoice. But, the more his people are now exercifed
in fpiritual mourning, the more remarkable fhall be their fruits of
hoiinefs and joy.
Reflections upon Psalm CXXVII. — The lefs we depend
upon our own fchemes, or lean to our own underftanding, and the
more we look up to God for help and dire&ion, the better (hall w«

a P'' cxx— cx.->i<-,
titles.
b Pf. 112. 1. & 11s-
13. Sc 119. 1. .V 1.
1—3. A.-t. ij. 35.
Job 1. 1, 8.

PSALM CXXVIII. .
This pfalm exhibits ( 1 ) The comprehenfive duty of all,
particularly married perfons ; 1 . ( 2 ) The advantage
of ftudying it; viz. fuccefs in employments; comfort
and honour in relations ; joy iri the profperity of God's
church, and of their own offspring ; 2 — 6..
a A fong of degrees.
BLESSED b is every one that feareth
the Lord ; that walketh in his
ways. 2 cFor thou fhalt eat the labour of e £_,»•.$£„•
thine hands: d happy fhalt thou be, and dif.^io.pf.19.11.
it fhall be well with thee. iS-'!'^'
2 e Thy wife fhall be as a fruitful vine e^-\trffz7
by the fides of thine houfe: thy children tlV6'^''
like olive plants round about thy table.
4 Behold, that thus fhall the man be
blefied that feareth the Lord.
5 fThe Lord fhall blefs thee out of ff£<0^'$. -.
Zion: and thou fhalt fee sthe good of L* ?**•"¦
Jerufalem all the days of thy life. ¦ %*tL*\tsV£'iu
6 Yea, h thou fhalt fee thy children's ti job 42.16. Prov.
imi 7 Tr 1 17. 6- Pf- 125. 5.
children, and peace upon Ilrael. h'&'s^i"'66''
PSALM CXXIX.-
Whether this pfalm was penned when David brought up
the ark of God to Mount Tiion, [2 Sam. vi.] or relates
to the Chaldean captivity, 'is uncertain. In it the ¦
people of God ( 1 ) Look back on their often-repeated
tribulations, with thankfulnefs to God for their deliver
ances from Egypt, and from their oppreffors under the •
Judges, Saul, &c. 1 — 4. (2) They look forward
with a believing prayer for, andprofpeii of, the deflruc- a p
tion of all their implacable enemies; 5 — 8.
a A long of degrees.
ANY b' a time have they afflia-ed
me from my c youth, may Ifrael
now fay:

cxx—cxxxiv.
titles.
b Or Kuch. E>:n,l. i.
Jutlg. iii. iv VI. X.
xiii. lS.nn. iv.xiri.
xxxi. 2t.hr. xii.
xiv. xxi. xxyiiii
xxxii. xi:.ivi.
Ezra iv. v.
cjer. 2. 2, Hof. z. 15.
Sc u. i.Ezck. io.
1 — 14. &'23. 3.

profper. The moft prudent projects and plans, the moft anxious
cares, and the moft toilfome labours, are all to no purpofe without
God's bleffing. But happy in their reft, and happier in their duti
ful children, are they whom he bleffes.
Reflections upon Psalm CXXVIII. — How excellent and,
profitable is real and experimental godlinefs, iffuing in a holy
practice ! It draws the bleffing of God upon our labours, our fami
lies, on the church of God, and on our pofterity..

perfecutors ruined. David's prayers. PSA
' *efrTiol'£ 2 Many a time have they afflicted me
a job 5. ,9. pr. 34. from my youth : yet d they have not pre-
19. Rev. 12. 7, 8. m 1 • n J r
vailed againft me.
' l}6^eV:llt'}lb 2 The e plowers plowed upon my back :
4. s. Hof. 10. 13. ^y ma(je ion„ their furrows.
f ° Th=r.- ftV'pr. 4 fThe Lord /j righteous: he hath
Mo. 5. & 124 .7,8. cuj. afunjer the Cords ofthe wicked.
,P£i\"i?tl?t7- 5 e Let them all be confounded and
1 t'sill:^. 834'i turned back that hate Zion.
38. Jer. 1. li. Rev. , _ 1-1 -
vi. xviii. xvi. Eah. 6 nj^et them be as. the grafs upon the
jipf-37-2.&7;.,9. houfe tops, which withereth afore it erow-
eth up :
7 Wherewith the mower filleth not
his hand; nor he that bindeth fheaves his
bofom.
iRuth,4.pr.ns. 8 Neither do they who go by fay, 'The
blefling of the Lord be upon you: we
blefs you in the name of the Lord.
PSALM CXXX.
This pfalm contains ( I ) David's earneft cries to God
out of the depths of corruption, defertion, temptation,
or trouble; 1,2. (2) His ingenuous repentance in
the faith ef 'God's merciful forgivenefs; 3, 4. (3) His
attentive waiting on God for his favours ; 5, 6.

L M S. .David's humility profeffed.
6 h My foul waiteth for the Lord 'dElSJ*
more than they that watch for the morn- ¦«_..__,*,»¦
ing: * I fay, more than thjby that watch Ge\.%^iJ&
r , , •" ^ ¦ J i7.&3o>J8.&36.
tor the morning. 8,9.Lam.}.2„
7 ; Let Ifrael hope in the Lord : k for *%ra2_£,*w"'
with the Lord there is mercy, and with ^o-?;.5**;*^-
him is plenteous redemption. *„•*-
8 'And he fhall redeem Ifrael from all Sri"!--?--*
his iniquities.

Rom. 5. 20, zi.
Eph. 1.7. _ 2.7.

1 Mat. 1. zi. 1 John
3.5, 8. John 1.29.
PC 103. 3, 4. Col.
1. 14. Rom. 6. 14.

*ir. 1058.
-a Pf. cxx— cxxxiv.
titles.
b my heart is not haughty, b e*"'^' ?,'.*&

jo. 13. Job 42. 3.
Deut, 9. 19.

cir. 105X.
or 1034.
a Pf. cxx. &c. titles.
bLam. 3.55. Jon. 2.
z, 4. Pi. 42. 7. &
40. 2. & 69. 1,2. &
J8. 16. & 88.-6. If.
43.2.
c Pf. 4. 1. & 5. 1. &
17. 1, 6, 7. & 18.
6. fc 40. 1.

(4) His encouraging expectations from God ;
& A fong of degrees.

8.

o — — Q.
IJT b of the depths have I cried unto
thee, O Lord.
2 cLord, hear my voice : let thine ears
be attentive to the voice of my fupplica-
i Pf. 143. 2.Job9.3. _ J I r
tions. 2 d If thou, Lord, fhouldeft mark ini-
c Eph. 1. 7. If- 55- 1- P. _. T ' ', nun i i
& 44! _ fif„d? ' quities, O Lord, who fhall ftand ?
34. '6, 7. Mic, 7: 4 But ^^7 e forgivenefs with thee,
r«t.'28.,IHor:"e5: f that thou mayeft be feared.
lt'?e\%ffU: 5 e I wait for the Lord, my foul doth
gpf.27.14.fc33.zo. Sc 40. 1, 4.

Rom. 3. 19, 20.
Nah. 1. 6. Mal. 3.
z. Rev. 6. 17.

wait, and in his word do I hope.

Reflections upon Psalm CXXIX. — In every age the feed of
fhe -ferpent has raged in enmity againft Jefus Chrift and his church.
There is no going honourably to heaven but through great tribu
lation. But, let the wicked lay their plots and execute them as
they will, God will deliver his people at his pleafure ; and his ene
mies fliall plunge themfelves at laft into the moft dreadful difap-
pointment and ruin. The curfe of God fhall blaft them, with all
their fchemes and attempts.
Reflections upon Psalm CXXX. — In the moft fearful man
ner God often corrects his own children in their way to his king-
• dom. But, while there is a praying heart within them, and a
prayer-hearing God above them, there is no ground of defpair.
Senfe of guilt, is the firft thing that ftrikes the mind of a convinced
finner ; and, did not God manifeft his forgiving mercy, it would
drive him to defpair. But the faith of God's forgiving our fins

PSALM CXXXI.
This pfalm contains ( i ) David's humble profeffian of
his contentment with his lot ; I, 2. (2) His warm
encouragement of others to a conftant dependance upon
God; 3.
a A fong of degrees of David
LORD, nor mine eyes lofty : neither do I
* exercife myfelf in great matters, or in * Heb- ¦"<"¦¦
things too + high for me. ? «*.«_-_.
2 Surely I have behaved and quieted
* myfelf c as a child that is weaned QftRA-myfmU
y. * . r \ • i c M«. 18. 3.' iCor.
nis mother:: my ioul is even as a weaned ^-™- .
child. 2 d Let Ifrael hope in the Lord H from df4f; ;y°-4£ *_£
henceforth and for ever. £"¦ 3"6' ' '*
m
PSALM CXXXII.
Whether this pfalm was penned by David when he
brought up the ark of God from Kirjath-jearim,
[2 Sam. vi. J or for Solomon's dedication ofthe temple,
[1 Kings viii.] is uncertain. It contains (j) A
reprefentation of David's pious and earneft care to pro
vide a proper lodging for God's ark; 1 — 7. (2) Ear
neft prayers for God's prefence and bleffings to attend
his ark; 8 — 10. (3) David's care to provide an
habitation for God : and God's promifes to David,
relating to the profperity and eftablifhment of his family,
efpecially in the Meffiah, are pleaded as arguments to
enforce thefe requefts; I— 5, 10 — 18.

Ij Heb. from rb_

for Chrift's fake begets a holy awe of, regard to, and earneft
waiting for, him. And, the more we tafte of God's forgivino-
and redeeming goodnefs, the more fhall we encourage others to
flee to him, and hope ij| him, in the time of great guilt and trouble.
And not only is God ready to, but he certainly will, accomplifh
the perfect redemption of all his people from fin and all its confe
queiices. Reflections upon Psalm. CXXXI. — Humility is the orna
ment of every ftation. Ajehild-like fpirit, meek and weaned from
the things of this -world, is a good fymptom of a gracious heart.
But to wade out of our^depth, either in religion, learning, or
power, is dangerous. Aqd proud looks fhew a proud heart. If
we are in trouble, let us patiently hope and wait till God bring us

out of it. They who hop<

tion, fhall partake of it in | me and in eternity.

in Jefus- Chrift, and wait for his falva-

Before Chrift
cir. 1045.
a Pf. cxx—cxxxiv.
titles.
bSen.8. l.Pr.25.7
& 89. 3, 20, 55.

L

12. & 61. 5, 8. &
66. 13. & 116 14,
18. & 119. ic6.
Jer. 30. 21.

Davidfs zeal. God's prom fes.
a A fong of degrees.
ORD, b remember David, and all
his c afflictions :
. i How he fware unto the Lord,
fsa^-dx1! and vowed unto e the mighty God of
¦> Pf. 76 11. & $6- J '
3 Surely fI will not come into the ta
bernacle of my houfe, nor go up into
*?;.V49.'j4&l8" my bed;.
fH:ilcci4'To"Mi.t 4 ¦"¦ WU^ n°t g've ^eeP to mine eyes,
i ,5. john 9 4- or flumber to mine eyelids,
* t y.\tbl:Ts\ ^ 5 Until I find out b a place for the Lord,
» Heb. fc.fc_.-Mu. "an habitation for the mighty God of
Jacob. 6 Lo, we heard of it at h Ephratah :
we found it in the ' fields of the wood.
7 k We will go into his tabernacles : we
kpr. 122. 1.&84. will worfhip at his + footftool.
1,2. & 99.5- « S- _ . .- x
8 l Arife, 0 Lord, into thy reft ; thou,

PSALMS.

Brotherly love recommended.

h Shibh, Jolh. 18. 1,
or Bethlehem,
Mic. 5. z.
i Kirjath-jearim, I Sam. 7. 1. 1 Chr,
13. 5, 6.

t Ark.
IPf.68. 1. Num.10.
35. zChr. 6. 41,
42. Pf. 78. 61

and the ark of thy ftrength.

9 '" Let thy priefts be clothed with
ver., 6. job 29. righteoufnefs; and let thy faints fhout for
14. Ii. 61- 10. _ O ' J
I Kin. 8. 65. 10y.
" n-Vi's's^sam! 1 o n For tly fervant David's fake, turn
7-2j.H0L3.5- not away the face of thine anointed.
o Pf. 89. 3, 4, 35-
Num. 23. 19.
I Sam. 15. 25.

n° The Lord hath fworn in truth
unto David ; he will not turn from it ;
pSzS"chr.P Of the fruit of *thy body will I fet
6. 16. Luke I. 32, 1 ,1
69. Afts 2. 30. upon thy ithrone.
% neb. ,h( he,!,. Ia qlf thy children will keep my cove-
S If. 3. 10. Daut. 6. 1 /> ¦ 1 T /l 1 1 1
iis^'&lok.-. nant an" mJ teftimony that 1 Ihall teach
Rev. 3- 21. them, their children alfo fhall fit upon
„, .to* , <, thy throne for evermore.
rPf.78.68,69. &48- J r
IjXVi'.z'ctr. 13 r For the Lord hath chofen Zion;
6. IO. Eph. 2. 22. '
.nPf.68. 16. &76.Z
.& 87. 1, 2.

he hath defired it for his habitation.

1 4 s This is my Veft for ever : here will
1 &.'*£¦&-?£¦ I dwell ; for I have defired it.
15 ' I will " abundantly blefs her pro-

Pf. 68. IO.
jj Or furely.

vifion : I will fatisfy her poor with %Tio^f
bread. r ^
16 u I will alfo clothe her priefts with u \£fi l^l '^
falvation: and her faints (hall fhout aloud ££^7.''1'*
for joy.
17 x There will I make the horn of "£L^J%?&
David to bud : I have ordained a * lamp &£ ?. -Vi.
for mine anointed. *orMr&.
18 >'His enemies will I clothe with y ^fticffn%
fliame ; but * upon himfelf fhall his crown -2;-
_ . „ ' r z pr. _,. 8— is, 17.
flourifh. 11.9.6,7. & 34- '•
11UU11HI. &5z. 13.&5312.
Mat. 28. iS. Luke
PSALM CXXXIII. ii'JI'S
T*A« £/#/»z -ww perhaps penned when the Hebrew tribes
concurred to fix David on his throne, or to reftore him
to it; [2 Sam. v, or xix.] Here is ( i) A declara
tion of the excellency and pleqfantnefs of brotherly af-
feclion; I. (2) The illuftration of this in two ftmi- cIr# I0.g,
litudes ; 2, 3. (3) The great advantage of it; 3. or'ioai."
a A fong: of degrees of David. uu-.
BEHOLD, bhow good and how plea- fr?f- '.&; "to.
fant it is for Brethren to dwell * to- l?%?£flT«'
gether in unity ! * Heb- mn »«"B'r-
2 // /j- like the • precious ointment upon c l^l°'s%lV.
the head, that ran down upon the beard, a7'9'
even Aaron's beard; that went down to*
the d fkirts of his garments : ¦' £esrf^*s.
2 As the dew of* Hermon, and as the £ ?8.59' i''°*
„Viv that defcended upon the mountains e Deut- 4-48-* ,-3.9.
of Zion : f for there the Lord com- f^.&^&f1o^
manded the bleffing, wa life forever- ,,llOTfc5-"-
more. PSALM CXXXIV..
This pfalm was perhaps penned when David appointed
the orders of the priefts and Levites; [ I. Chron.
xxiii — xxvi.] In it we have (1) The facred
•watches of the temple ftirred up to employ their time
in praifing God; 1,2. (2) A fervent prayer for
the bleffing of God on them or on others ; 3.

Reflections upon Esalm CXXXII. — Great is the mercy to
»have fervent prayers of oir own, or of our anceftors, lying before
. God's throne of grace. They ftall receive a gracious anfwer at
laft. Lively and zealous faints can never be at eafe till the .ordi
nances of God be regulady and honourably fettled, and his prefence
vouchfafed, to the combrt and edification -of both mi. lifters and
people. However meanly the ark of God, or even Jefus Chrift
himfelf, refide f;;r a tine, its dwelling fhall at laft, and for ever,
be glorious. Multitudes fhall fleck to it ; and great fellowlhip
with God fhall be there-enjoyed. Happy was David's family and
kingdom on Chrift's acohunt: but infinitely happier in this is the
family and church of G id. In virtue of Jehovah's new cove
nant with him, his peoj ;e are HelTed with his prefence, and with
ipiritual dignity, provjfic 1, falvatiog, and joy;— while Jefus himfelf
Vol. L

triumphs in everlafting honours, and his enemies are reduced to
difappointment, mifery, and fhame.
Reflections upon Psalm CXXXIII.—Scarcely any thing
more ruinous hath befallen the church of God than the manifold
divifions, difputes, and animofities, of her members. Since God's-
children have one Father, one Lord, one faith, one baptifm, they
ought to have one heart and mind ; to be united in the fame wor
fhip, and affectionate in their regards to bearing with, forbearing,
and forgiving, one another; and only jealous who fhall fhew the
moft abundant meeknefs, charity, and kindnefs, to each other : this
would mark them as anointed by the Spirit of Chrift; would be
refrefhing and fru&ifying to their hearts and lives ; and prepare
them for the eternal life and bleffednefs above,
5X

Calls to praife God.

rkty of Idols. God bleffed.

Before Chrift
cir. 1016.
aPf.cxx.&c. title?.
b Pf. 135. 1, 2. Lev.
8. 35. rGhr.9. 33.
& 23. 30.

a A fonp; of degrees.

EHQLD, b blefs ye the* Lord, all
ye fervants of the Lord, who by

P S A L M S.
the midft of thee, O Bg|§t, upon Pha
raoh, and upon all his femnts
10 'Who fmote great] nations,

Cl Tim. 2. 8. Pf. 28.
z. fc 63.-4. Lain.z.
19., 1 Kin. 8. 29,
3-3-
* Or in ho'.hicfs.
dPf. 123. 5. Sc 28.9.
fc 30. 11. & (.j. 1,
- 6,7-

aPf. 32. 11. Sc 33. 1.
&II3.I,2.& 134.
I &149. 1,2. vpr.
J9, zo.

b Pf. 134. 1. 1 Chr.
q. it. Sc 23 30.
. %. 14. Neh.

9.5.

tPf. 92.1— 4. &107.
1,8, 15,21. & 119.
68. Mat. 19. 17.
Exod. 34. 6, 7.
iPf. 147. 1. & 33. 1.
*
• Exod. 19. 5, 6.
fiem. 7. 6, 7. &
32.. 9. 1 Pet. 2. g.
¦Tit. _. 14. Eph. r.
3—6. Rom. 8. z8
—p.
fPf.95. 3. Job 11. 7.
Exod. 18. 1 1. Deut.
jo. 17. 1 Tim. 6.
15. Rev. 17. 14,

gPf.iT5.;.&3J9, II. DflU. 4. 35.
Amos 4. 1 j. Eph.

k Jer. to. 13. Job 2,8.
25, 26- & 38. 24.
If. 55. 10, 11.
Jfcecri. 10. 1. John
3 8.
i Exod. 12. 29. Pf.
78. 51. & 136. 10.
* Heb. from man unto
beaft.
fc Exod. vil— xiv.
Deut. 10. 3, 4.
Heh. 9. to. Pf. 78.
43—51. & 105.17
— 39. Jer. 32.. zo,
21. Afls 7, 3.5.

night ftand in the houfe of the Lord.
2 * Lift up your hands * in the fanc
tuary, and blefs the Lord.
2 The Lord that made heaven and
earth d blefs thee out of Zion.
P S- A L M CXXXV.
This pfalm contains (i) Earneft exhortations to all
concerned to praife the Lord ; I — 3, 19 — 21.
( 2 ) Rich matter for praife : God confidered as the
God of Ifrael ; \: As the God of gods ; 5 : As the
God of the whole world ; 6, 7 : As a God terrible to
the enemies of Ifrael; 8 — I I : but kind to Ifrael;
12 — 14 : And as the only true and living God, be
fore wham all others are but vanity and falfehood;
15—18.
PRAISE *ye the Lord : praife ye the
name of the Lord : praife him, O
ye fervants of the Lord.
2 Ye that b ftand in the houfe of the
Lord, in the courts of the houfe of our
God; 2 c Praife ye the Lord ; for the Lord
is good^: ling praifes unto his name ; d for
it is pleafant.
4 e For the Lord hath chofen Jacob
unto himfelf, and Ifrael for his peculiar
treafure. 5 For I know that f the Lord is
great, and that our Lord is above all
gods. .
6 E Whatfoever the Lord pleafed, that
did he in heaven, and in earth, in the
feas, and all deep places.
7 h He caufeth the vapours to afcend
from the ends of the earth: he maketh
lightnings for the rain
wind out of his treafuries
8 'Who fmote the firft-born of Egypt,
* both of man and beaft.
9 k Who fent tokens and wonders into

he bringeth the

Before Chrifl
cir. 1016.

J 1 Nam. a. 24—26,
ana 34, i5. pf. i)0. ,7

-22. fc 44. 2, 3.
Neh. 9. 22. Dent.
2. 3c — 36. & 3. I
— 17-JoIh.vi—xX.

flew mighty kings ; |
11 Sihon king of the |morites, and
Og king of Bafhan-, and alf t he kingdoms
of Canaan :
1 2 And gave their land for an heritage,
m an heritage unto Ifrael his people.
13 n Thy name, O Lord
for ever ; and thy memorial,
r throughout. all generations.
14 ° For the Lord will judge
people, and he will repent himfelf con
cerning his fervants
15 pThe idols of the heathen are filver ?\%
and gold, the work of men's hands.
16 They have mouths, but they fpeak
not ; eyes have they, but they fee not.
1 7 They have ears, l£t they hear
not ; neither is there any Ireath in their
mouths. t.
18 iThey that make them are like *%%¦£%*£'
unto them : fo is every one that trufteth
in them.19 rBlefs the Lord, O houfe of Ifrael:
blefs the Lord, O houfe of Aaron :
20 Blefs the Lord, O houie of Levi:
ye that fear the Lord, ble: ; the Lord.
2 1 s Blefled be the Lor > out of Zion,
who dwelleth at Jerufalen. I Praife ye
the Lord. I •

m Gen. 17. 8. Exorl.
3- 8, 17. Pf. 105.
endureth „^"'K
OLORD, IT^71'11'
f Heb. to generation
and generation.
I_ 1 S 0 Deui. 1%. ;6. Pf. 7.
7, 8. & 1:. 5. &
94- I4> IS'

p Pf. 115. 4—3'. If.
i- , o. & 44.
9—25. & 46. 6s 7.
Jer. 10. i— iS- Sc
51. 17, 16. hab. z.
18. Djut. 4. z_.
1 Kin. 18. 1,6, 27,.
29. Dan. 5* 23.

r Ver. r, 2. Pf. 115,
9—1 1. & 1 18. i —
4. & 34. 1, 2. __
148. 1—14. & 149.

6 Pf. 76. 1, 2. & 6<*
2,8.6-48 t,o.'&
29. 9. 1 Chi. 0.6.

PSALM CXXXVI. i
This pfealm is a continued exhortation'to praij'e the Loral
for the perpetual difplays of his mercy. The hearty
finging of it has been honoured with he moft fignal
appearances of God's kindnefs; [2 'hron. v. 13.
and xx. 21, 22.] — Wc are in it di tied to. praife
God, (1) As great and good in l.nfelf; I — 3.
(2) As the Creator of all things; 5^9. (3) As-
the God and Saviour of Ifrael, who bi ught them out
of Egypt through the' Red fea andiwildrnefs, caft out
the nations, and gave them the fbffeffw of Canaan ;
10 — 22. (4) As our gracioul and condefeending

Reflections upon Psalm CXXXIV. — How conftant and
aflive ought minifters to be in their fervice of Chrift and his
church! how remarkably given to prayer and praife! And, the
mere men wait upon God, the more they fhall find the bleffednefs
of his fervice. But it is only as enthroned in Zion, in his temple,
in Chrift, and his church, that God beftows his falvction.

oft { lid, extenfive, and lafting,
enant, natute, and works,

Reflections upon Psalm CXXXV. — The people of God

fhould be always exercifed in thei
joys. Every thing in God's purj
is a delightful ground thereof. 2nd thejrnore he is to us, or does
for us, and the more we are rented to |jim, or truft in. him, the
to abound in hs praife.' Our view ofthe bafe
and ofthe ftupidity of their vota-

ie, cc rena
d thejmor

more we ought

and infignificant idols of others,
ries, fhould ftir us up the more
God of unbounded perfection*

to truft in, admire, and praife, our

David's flight to God a hi f refuge.

PSALMS.

His forrowful complaints.

Befoie Ch' ill
cir. 1058.

A L .M CXLII.

This pfalm wat framed by David when obliged, by
Saufs perfection, to hide himfelf in a cave ; [1 Sam.'
xxii. I; or xciv. 1.3] and contains (1) Bitter com
plaints of thefubtiltj, ftrength, and malice, of his
enemies, and f the csldnfs and indifference of his
friends ; I— ., 6 ' (2) The comfort he took in God's
knowing bis jay, and in recognizing his claim to
God as his prtiorf; 3 — 5. (3)* Hiss-pleafent ex
pectations tht God w.uld deliver him, and that his
fellow faints would join with him in thankfgiving
for his delivean'ce ; 6, 7.
a Mafchil tf David ; a prayer when he
,vas b in the cave.
I* c CRIED \ unto the Lord with my
voice : vith my voice unto the Lord
did I make mi} ftipplication.
2 d 1 poired out. mv complaint before
J moved before him my trouble.
2 e Whin my ipirit was overwhelmed
within mc. thui thou kneweft my path.
f"'_y* '4'" ^a tne wa\'"vvbe'eiii I walked f have they
privily Ian! a lnarc for me.
* I lcokcd on my right hand, and

.(S-rApfalms/'Zto- vt.l c-ivmg in ruc
tion'. PI xxxii.
title.
rlSam. 22. 1. or
«4- 3-
cHxod. 14. 15, Pf.
55.1,2. &77. T.<X
13.. 1. Heb 5.7.

d it. cii. title — IC.
&6. 1— .-., .5 1
-r8.Ii. 26. 16. _ U- _.
3s. 14. mm

ePf. U3 4.&6'.2
Sc si. 1 . & ini
4. & 1.6. & 17.3

ny

*0rlo4mtlerlsht harm andfee. ' T "V ' 'O
gpr.«g._._3'. beheld, gibut there was no man that
*Tim.,.'i6. ' would kiifuv me : refuge + failed me; + no
fneb.,er.fbed freer, ^.^ c^-^fo,- my iOL1}.
- h 1 cned unto thee, O Lord : I faid,

X Heb. no men fought
aft.r mj foul.

1. 14. iChr. Thou art my refuge and my portion in
20.12.Pf46. i.~ .1 ¦ 1 1 r L 1 •
9i. 2. & 9. 4. -the land or the living.
iFiuffl\cf: 6 Atteid unto my cry; for k I am
sofV'17'13' brought -rety low : 1 deliver me from
kFs['s\s'J'?j',sc~ my perfecutors, for they are ftronger
,k7.m.*,8i9. than L
V&k.ffi " 7 m Br rig my foul out of prifon, that
jbjm ,.ui_ j ma^ pra*fe tny name: a the righteous
"'.a'S^.T fhall compafs me about ; for thou fhalt

£'>*-V«-"-odeal bountifully with me.
1 Pi- 33- 2. «: no. J

74. Sc 107. ,. &
35'17&7- F S A L M CXLIII.
«Pf. 13. 6 &II9-,. ,
&116. 7. Sc ic. This pfalm Mas probably penned by David during the
unnatural Hebe/lion of his fen Abfalom; [as Pfal. iii.
xiii. xiii.] It contains (1) Sad complaints of trou
ble, and f the finking of his fpirit under it; 3 — 5,
7 (2) Fervent fupplications that God would hear
fn"fic ; ' ,1 : fi'-give bis fins ; 2 : manifeft his fa
vour.; £ — g : direct him in the way of duty ; 8 — IO :
—  ¦  4k  -*~  ¦ 

Reflections tponPsai.m CXLII.— Sore trubles ought to
produce fei vent prayei* The-,, who have the God of all grace to
flee r, may lately leaveiYhis hand all (heir troubles. And when
our ca.fciences cundenn^ not, \htn have we confidence before
him. We can never te brought fo low but God can help us.
If men forfake or difrerird us, Q0rJ; as our refUgg antj portion,

quicken him in it; 11 : deliver him out of trouble; £crure ch,ift
• /, -is 1 • r U1" io2i-
9,11: and, in fine, pumjb his perfecutors ; 12. —  --
A pfalm of David.
HEAR a my prayer, O Lord ; give
ear to my fupplications : b in thy
faithfulnefs anfwer me, and in thy righ
teoufnefs. 2 c And enter not into judgment with
thy fervant : for d in thy fight fliall.no
man living be juftified.
2 e For the enemy hath perfecuted my
foul ; he hath fmitten my life down to
the ground; he hath made me to dwell
in darknefs, as thofe that have been long
dead. 4 f Therefore is my fpirit overwhelmed
within me; my heart within me is deib-
late. 5 SI remember the days of old; I me
ditate on all thy works; I mufe on the
work of thy hands.
6 I h ftretch forth my hands unto thee :
1 my foul thirfeth after thee as a thirfty
land. Selah.
7 k Hear me fpeedily," O Lord ; my
fpirit faileth : hide not thy face' from me,
* left I be like unto them that go down
into the pit.
8 l Caufe me to hear thy loving-kind
nefs in the morning; for in thee do I
truft : m caule me to know the way
wherein I fhould walk ; n for I lift up my
foul unto thee.
9 ° Deliver me, Q Lord, from mine
enemies : pI + flee unto thee to hide me,
10 q Teach me to do thy will ; for thou
art my God : r thy Ipirit is good ; lead
me into the sland of uprightnefs.,
< 1 1 ' Quicken me, O Lord* for thy
name's fa tee : " for thy righteoufnefs' fake
bring ray foul out of trouble.
12 x And of thy mercy cut off mine
enemies, and deftroy all them that afflirrt
my foul ; y for I am thy fervant.

a Pf. 4. 1. & c ,,2,
Sc 130.2. £c 11. i,
& 18. 6.
b 2 Sam. 7. 25. P£
74. 20. & 7. 6, j.

c Job 40. 4. & 14. 4,
PI. i3°-3-t«1.7.
zo.
<1 Exod. 34. 7. Job 4.
17. Sc 9. 2, 3. &
IS. 14. & 25 4.
Rom. 3. 20. Gal,
2. 16. -
c Pf. l.;«. 6. Sc 140.
1— 5. Sc 7.1,2. &
}7 , & 31. .2 1,.
"H3.4— 7,&jta.
3—11.

fPr. 142. ».&6i. 2,
Sc soz. 3, 4. & 1 19,
ji-ij.&jj.j. Mark 14, 33,

gPf. 77.5, 10,1 '.&
42. 6. 1 Sam. 17.
48.
h Ff, 88. 9. & 68. ji.
SczH.z. 1 Tim. 2.
8. 1 Kin, 8.. 38..
i Pf- 63. 1. & 42. 1.
Sc 84. 2.
kPf. 13. 1— 4.&40.
13, 17. & 27.9. _
88. 3, 4. bor.g c.
6. Ii. 57. Id- %
* Or for lam hecomt-
Hie, Sec.
1 Pf 69. 13, :6. &
119.49— 52. & 46.
5-&5-3-~3U-7.
& si. 19.
mPf. 5..S. Scic, 4.
&32.S.&119.J, 34- & 31. 5.
n Pj. 25. 1. Lain. j.
41.
o Pf. 7. 1. &ji. 1. «s
5) I.&140. jfJSj
Ij2. 6, 7.
p-P'-. J I. 2. & 57,1,
Sc 32. 7. .
t " -s. hide me with
thee. ^
qPi.2J.4,S.&I39. ZA.CC 31.3. SC 119.
5. Jer. j 1. 18.
r Neh. 9. 20. 2 Tim.-.
I. -, , John 14, 26. .
Sc 16. 13, 14. .
s if. 26. 10.
tFf. 119.25,37,40,.
5.-. & So. 19. ic
is. 6-
11 Pf: 142. 7. & 7. 6,
8. ver. l.
x Pf. 136. 15—20. St ¦
59. 12, 13. i 55.
. 23. cc 21. 8.
yPf. 116. 16.-119..
94'

will more than balance our want, tf we are even fettered in the
bands of corruption, temptation^ or trouble, he can deliver us.
And the mercies which our brethren enjoy fliould excite ou-r
praifes, as members of the fame body.
Reflections upon Psalm CXLIIL--I1 ever we hope for

David feeks the profperity

P S A L M;S.

Before Chrift
cir. 1048.
S~<  •*-

PSALM CXLIV.
This pfalm was probably compofed by David upon the
occafion of hi$. advancement to the throne ; [1 Chron.
xii., 2 Sam.-v.~as .Pfal. exxxviii. lxxv. &c] *In
it w.e have ( I ) Thankful acknowledgments of God's
relation to him, and condefcending kindnefs towards
him; 1 — 4. (2) Supplication for divine deliver
ance from his enemies, who ftill threatened him ;
5 — 8: and for profperity to his people; 11 — 14."
(3) Triumphant joy in God, as his and their deli
verer and portion; 9, 10, 15.

r. a llcb. nty '-or..
K.ii 2. 31. Dent.
32. 30, 31.
b 2Sa.m. 22.35. Fi~-
18. 34.

A pfalm of David.
LES SED be the Lord

my
"ftrength, b who teacheth my hands
* to war and my fingers to fight ;
* Heb. u the war, _ » «¦ s r 1 r C
&c- 2 c t My goodnefs and my fortrels ;
"i^'.^my high tower and my deliverer; my
\fftpf\f- fhield, and he in whom I .truft; who
i.pn.6. 16. z-Sam-. 7 *
fubdueth my people under me.
I °b Mj-sj. p-'s. 4. 3 d Lord, what is man, that thou takeft
H=b! 2. 6_9. knowledge of him! or the fon of man,
that thou makeft account of him !
e-prb,94:s: &tlt 4 eMan is like to vanity: f his days
1.. 40. is, 17- jam. ^^ a§ a ^a(j0Vv- fa^ pafleth away.
fpi.ioz.ii.-.o,. - sBow thy heavens, O Lord, and
'£' i?:!;*"*' comedown: touch the mountains, and
^ ifsliecSt the7 &al1 fmoke.
^pf.,8.,,,,4. 6 h Caft forth lightning, and fcatter
a Sam. zz. 14, if. O -O *
fo.7Io'7i.!8J tnem--: moot out thine arrows, and de
ftroy them.
iP.^?4:&ipf?: 7 'Send thine + hand from above; rid
k. 43. 2. &s. 7, s. m an(j deliver me out 0f ~reat waters,
£ Heb. hand. 7 , . D
* pf. j4. 3. Mai, 2. from the hand of * ftrange children ;
iPfiIT.&.2.& 8 'Whofe mouth fpeaketh vanity, and
_§&_§* fc their right hand w a right hand of falfe-
v hood.

o/'^/j' kingdo:
unto thee,

Before Chrilll
cir. 1015. f

9«I will fing a new fo
O God- upojf a pfaltery i [ an inftru- -«-..«*..,„.-
ment of ten firings will I fii praifes unto 9»'i, S-_ .
t-> , r » 3—5.
thee. *, w .
*'io B fr m „t? that giveth I' Ivation unto *5ii£x.J
kings : who delivereth Da1 1 his fervant ^£~_~'i
|| Or victory.
oVer. 7, 8, 28a
8. 6,

p Pf. 128. 3. It.,
3,4. Deut. 2tj
L>n. 4. 12, 13

from the hurtful fword.
ii %3B-id -me/and dehVerJe, from the
hand of ftrange children,
fpeaketh vanity, and their
a right hand of falfehood :
12 That our fons may
grown-up in fheir youth; th
ters may be q as corner fton<
after the fimilitude of a palai : :
13 rThat our garners ma be full, af_- * HeW- °*
fording "rail manner of ftoi:; that our V^07-1-- ,
fheep -may bring forth thouinds and ten J0"1'-'7
; V , ¦' . n -t Heb. from Hit t.
thoufands in our ftreet s : «»»
14 That our oxen ?««v b * ftrong to *%g£„g
labour: A&„/ //6f?ri? A? no s reaking in ,^f.,J.'^,^,
nor going out : that there be 1 ) complain
ing in our ftreets.

iiofe mouth
ght hand is
p as plants
our daugh-
polifhed q;

Deut. 18. 15.

1 5 £ Happy is that people tht is in fuch ' *Jc$£vJ<.'M

a cafe : yea, happy is thaf\ plppie whofe
God is the Lord.

\

PSALM CXi

This pfalm, like the xxv. xxxiv. cxi^cx
compofed in an alphabetical form.
following, it conftfts of pure praife? t
fo much as one complaint or petitioiL
vid engages himfelf, and encouraged 0
God; 1 — 7, 10, 21. (2) He'rep>\eft
of praife, viz. . the greatnefs and ,
power, and eternity, of God: * Tv
gjory of his works; 3 — 7, 11 — 1

and cxix. is
'Vtth the five
God, ztfithout
Vere{i)Da-
hers, to praife
the grounds
ry, fiovefejgn
greatnefs and
His un-

\tts

God's acceptance of us, it mull: not be for any thing in us, but
purely of grace, for his dear Son's fake, according to the promifes
of his'Vord. The moft righteous cannot bear -the feverity of
God's juftice. They who beft kjftow their own hearts will ever
be the firft to condemn themfelves, and to cry for mercy at God's
hand. And they who plead guilty before the law, and flee to the
grace of the gofpel in Chrift, fhall be juftified from all things.
When our diftrefs is greateft, God's power and grace fhall be the
more magnified in our deliverance. Though it be hard to exercife
courageous faith under fore troubles, yet remembrance of God's
kindnefs, to ourfelves or others, in former times, is very encou
raging. And they who thirft for his prefence, favour, and love,
{hall never be fent away empty from his throne of grace; what
ever manifeftations of mercy, direction, inftruclion, deliverance,
guidance, quickening for themfelves, and deftruction of enemies,
they may afk.
Reflections upon Psalm CXLIV. — Behold, as in a figure,
6 •

Jefus Chrift the darling of heaven, ad' inced by his Fath/to n'S
right hand,,and inverted with all powel in heaven and A earth.
There he rejoices in his God, and in ms" glorious vicVies oflal-
.vation, and makes interceffion for thelconqueft and,ru'n °' "1S
enemies, and for the abundant happinlfs of his pp-ple- — Great
and bleffed is the believer's fecurity* iij the div'u; relations and
perfections; and infinite is the condefcei fion and/*ndnefs of God
towards man; fo mean, fo unfubftantial fo tia-'ltory ' Certainly
then there fhall come a day in which C od w/redeem his people
out of all their deep waters of trouble, iid t** \engeance on his
and their enemies. O what a mercy is J-/° repe've> out °f l^e
hand of a reconciled God, children enWed wilh every corporal
and mental accomplifhment; garner* repf ifced with ufeful ftores ;
thriving flocks and herds; and a fafe M quiet commonwealth!
Yet it is not in earthly enjoyments, Mm God himfelf, as -our
God and our all in all., that foV& ^d everlafting happinefs
coniifts. * /

nd's lave to God motif eft (.
bounded goodnfsf.'ffiy, and compaffio

PSALMS.

God's goodnefs and mercy celebrated.

.kle.

54i._1l.49. ,5i-j-«m».
H-34- <»•
3,4 *7>-

-24. Sc

04.

. 7— ?¦
manifefted in lityih the afflicled, providing what
is necffary foi alt features ; and in his readinefs
to hear and nfile: his people's prayers, preferve
them from eviiam'eftroy their enemies ; 14 — 20.
Davl'i '¦pfalm of praife.
IbWILLe;tol thee, my God, O
King; a(/ 1 will blefs thy name for

*i46.i,2.jhn ever and eve
„<. Rw.113,
,14*-. St"-

and thou giveft them their meat in due
feafon.

Before Chrift
cir. 1042.

dp Pf. 134. 21, 28. Sc
147. 9 Sc 111. J.

Gen.'i, 29, 30.

* Or merciful, or
hiutitiCul,

2 Every iy will I blefs thee; and 1
will praife tv name for ever and ever.
Iftt-iti 2 c Great.? the Lord, and greatly to
i"^ Ep.be praifed ;* and his greatnefs is un-
^,fhi. fearchable. 4 d One generation fliall praife thy
ftflk works to mother, and fhall declare thy
* i'J_7. mighty aa.
5 I will !pe,ak of the glorious honour
of thy mepfty, and of thy wondrous
*;-6. ."',:' 6 And mn. fhall fpeak of the might of
If 17."' tny terribleadf s : and I will f declare thy
greatnefs.
& flit,,. 7. 7 They fliall abundantly e utter the
IT'8'5' memory of thy great goodnefs, and fhall
Jfj fing- of thy righteoufnefs.
^£tJf.si7rt. 8 h The Lord;> gracious, and full of
&',Vi.S4&Mic.'7- compaflior ; flow to anger, and + of great
18,19. Rom. 1.4. r — ' — '
& s. 20, 21. Eph. mercv.
2. 4, 7. /
.(_b.~_im.mr/. 9 ' Th; Lord /V good to all ; and his
^•£45-A«y4- tender mercies are over all his works.
w,89',-o'ro™ 10 k All thy works fhall praife thee,
/ii'&To"7P'j,2-'' O Lord, and thy faints fhall blefs thee.
fep'o?^' 11 l They fhall fpeak of the glory of
&„'8__!lru;: triy kingdom, and talk of thy power;
S#rV.'4*R.vii;'- 1 2 Tcmake known to the fons of men
ciivi_Cviii.1&cv.'''' his mighty acts, and the glorious majefty

16 p Thou openeft thine hand, a
fatisfieft the defire of every living thing,
1 7 q The Lord is righteous in all his * ifiLtfl-tTf.
/ o Pi. in. z—8.
ways, and " holy in all his works.
18 r The Lord is nigh unto all them
O r Deut. 4 7 Jam. 4«
that call upon him, to all that ? call upon *i>°f >-»¦ 2J- ""•
him in truth. H'&V^jeV7'
1 9 £ He will fulfil the defire of them ^ "¦
that fear him : he alfo will hear their cry, "fl°oll4'i[',ll:
, ... r , "" J7-&34-1J.-S8-
and will lave them. 0,-65.24.
20 u The Lord preferveth all them " ?e's" ,v I'fzT
that love him ; but all the wicked will

28, 29. Prov. 1
32, 33. &J.3J—
3S-

he deftroy.
21 x My mouth fhall fpeak the praife x^.'-| £,^2
of the Lord : and let ? all flefh blefs his

holy name for ever and ever.

_4- Sc __. 23,.
- Pf". (*. -. £¦: 47-
A: /1 1 , 4 . _c 1 3
i. & 1/7. ;, t.

PSALM CXLVI.
72>_- ^/J?/ot contains ( I ) Pleafant engagements and en
couragements to the hearty and conftant praifes of
God; 1,2, 10. (2) Earneft diffuaftves from truft
ing in man, who is fio weak and Jhort-lived ; 3, 4.
(3) Powerful perfuaftves to truft in God, whofe
power and goodnefs appear fo remarkable in creation,
providence, and redemption ; . 5 — 10.

RAISE aye the Lord.
Lord, O my foul.

b Praife the a?f;0f1fA

0 pr. 103. 1, 2. _
2 c While I live will I praife the Lord : c pr. to4. ,3, u&
I will fing praifes unto my God while I v-t^-lfsf
have any being.
2 d Put not your truft in princes, nor *%&£**$¦£
1 7 • 10. Prov. 11. ji.
, in. whom there is no 11.2.22.101.17.5.

of his kingdom. Thy kingdom is * an everlafting
'*' kingdom, and thy dominion endureth
r'f & . . .
throughout all generations.
!_£?$.'_ 14 n The Lord upholdeth all that fall,
17 & and raieth up all thofe that be bowed

•pr. 146.10.D217.
' i.11,9 7. iTim.
. c Pet. 1. 11.
;b. a tinr;dillt
X sees.

C04. 27.
tSfc/Sj- down
;h-l5-*l- J tmfo fhei.

1 5 ° The eyes of all H wait upon thee ;

•AWlections UFO! Psalm CXLV. — O the infinite greatnefs,
1 'unbounded grace, and everlafting precioufnefs, of a God in
%,m Happy are thty who fpend their time and their eternity in
; eWment and pr;ifes of him ! How delightful is it to tell our
•ig-urs, to tell oir pofterity, that which our eyes have feen,
\cl.

* Or falvation.
c Pf. 104. if). Eccl.
11.7. ll". _. _z. Job
14. IJ. <k 17. 1U

in the fon of man
* help. 4 e His breath goeth forth ; he return-
eth to his earth ; in that very day his
thoughts .perifh.
5 ° Happy is he that hath the God ofi]Zflf^X.
Jacob for his help, whofe hope is in the m,^"'"'45'1
Lord his God :
6 s Who made heaven and earth, the
fea and all that therein is: h
truth for ever :
7 ' Who executeth judgment for the SH4,1'-'
oppreffed : who k giveth food to

g Gen.l. 1. Re?. 14-
7. Exod. zn. 11.
Jer. --,1. 17.
who keepeth hPi.ioo.5._89._
1 Mic. 7. 20.

the k pr '•><¦ 'S' i6- &
Ijl'l 2j.

and our hearts have believed, concerning this God, who is love ;
and to tell how this God fhall be our God for ever! And it is
delightful to behold and praife our exalted Redeemer, who fills
heaven and earth with his kindnefs.

5 Y

God' s friendfhip fully evidenced. '

PSALMS.

Before Chrift
cir. 104a.
1 Pi. 68. 6. If. 61. 1.
Zech. <t. 11.
m Mai. 9. 30. Jokn,
9.7—31- IC35.S.
n Pf. 145. 14. Luke
13. n— 13. Mat.
11.5.
oDeut. 33. 3. Pf. 11.
7. John 14. 21,23.
p Deiu.'io. 18, 19.
Pf. 10. 14, 18. Sc
C/ti.e. Jer. 49. 11,
H0C14. 3.
<1 Job 5. 12,13. & 40.
11, 12. Pf. 83. 13
— 17. _ 21. 8— 12.
1 Exod. 15. 18. Pf.
10. 16. Sc I45. 13.
Rev. n 15, 17. If.
9. 7. Dan. 6. 26. &
7. 14.

cir. I047.
»?f. 135. 3. Sc 33.
1—4. Sc 92. 1—4.
I Pf. 51. 18. & 102.
13, 16. Zech. 4 6.
Mat. 16. 18.
c Dent. 30.3. If. 11.
12. Sc 56.8. Sc 27.
13. Jer. 30. 18, 19.
fcp>.. 2. 12—19.
dPf.51.17, If. 57- '5-
Sc Ol. I. E2ek 34.
16. Hof. 6. 1, 2.
* Heb. er.efs.
t It. 40. 26. Gen. 15.
7. fob 25. 3.
fPf.48.r.„89.6,8. - MS- 3- Jer. is..
17, 18. If. 40. 18.
Rem. 11, 33.
f Heb. of his under
ftanding there is no
number.
% PC 146. 8. & 145.
14. be so- 4. Sc
15. 9. Mji. 5. 5.
Luke 14. II.
t Pf. 73. 18, 27. Sc
55. 16,23. _ 1^6.
9-
i Ver. 1, 12. Pf. 107.
1, 8,15. Eph. 5. 20.

hungry. ' The Lord loofeth the pri
foners :
8 ra The Lord openeth the eyes ofthe
blind : the Lord n raifeth them that are
bowed down : ° the Lord loveth the
righteous :
9 The Lord Fpreferveth the ftrangers;
he relieveth the fatherlefs and widow :
but the q way of the wicked he turneth
upfide down.
10 r The Lord fhall reign for ever,
even thy God, O Zion, unto all genera
tions. Praife ye the Lord.
PSALM CXLVII.
This pfalm was probably penned by David while he re
paired and fortified Jerufalem; [2 Sam. v.] and
contains (1) Solemn calls to praife God; 1, 7, 12,
20. (2) Weighty reafons for praifing God; viz'.
1 That, as the. God of nature, he is infinitely intelli
gent and great, and the fovereign Manager of all
creatures; 4, 5, 8, 9, 15- — 18. a As the God of
grace, he tenderly comforts and affeilionately delights
in his people ; 3, 6, I O, 1 1 . 3 As the God of Ifrael,
Jerufalem, and Zion, he fettles their civil and reli
gious ftate ; 2, 13, 14, 19, 20.
PRAISE ye the Lord : a for it is good
to fing praifes unto our God ; for it
is pleafant, and praife is comely.
2 b The Lord doth build up Jerufa
lem : c he gathereth together the outcafts
of Ifrael.
2 d He healeth the broken in heart,
and bindeth up their r wounds.
4 e He telleth the number ofthe ftars :
he calleth them all by their names.
5 f Great is our Lord, and of great
power : + his underftanding is infinite.
6 s The Lord lifteth up the meek :
h he cafteth the wicked down to the
ground. 7 '

Sing unto the Lord with thankf-

Reflections upon Psalm CXLVI. — Happy are they whofe
God is the Lord, and whofe praifes never end ! But the greateft
on earth appear as infignificant nothings before God, or even to
a gracious heart. Nothing on earth is properly a man's property
but his grave. But, though in man there be no help, no ground
of hope, our God-man is mighty to fave; and hope in him knows
no difappointment. Be ftirred up therefore, my foul, to depend
on him, who is my almighty Maker, my faithful and promife-
performing Friend, my kind and righteous Protector, my bounti
ful Provid&r, my omnipotent Deliverer, my gracious Enlightener,
my j>afonab!e Reftorer, my perpetual Preferver, and the juft
,J_hifher of my enemies ; — my King, my God, and my all !

giving

s goodnefs extends to
e harp unto or. v

k fing praife
our God :
8 l Who covereth ne
clouds ; who prepareth iin
who maketh grafs tolgri
mountains ra He giveth to th^ft his food, m>b5

vtlcb.aifuel
leaven witn j.Khi ml
r the earth ; fi-pn
the

upon

J,z8. &i| "I-
flat- b.ZsQ

tiff- 33- 1S1I
10. 8. Hoij.
-, 3- hi

. . 3. If..
gleut. 21
: 12, 13

leal.

9 "> < 6
and to the young ravens id|h cry
10 " He delighteth not ithe ftrength
of the horfe: he taketh n| pleafure in (*•!«•'»*'
the legs of a man. I
n° The Lord taketh ph are iri them &jj\{-i
that fear him, in thofe that tope in his^-*-2^'
mercy. 12 p Praife the Lord, (Jerufalem;
praife thy God, O Zion. 1
13 qFor he nath ftrengtheied the bars
of thy gates; he hath bleflji thy chil
dren within thee.
1 4 * He maketh peace in jhy borders,
and filleth thee with the r neft of the
wheat. ,
1 5 s He fendeth forth his command
ment upon earth : his word rilnneth very ^-»i!'
fwiftly. j
16 'He giveth fnow like wool :
fcattereth th£ hoar froft like allies.
17 " He cafteth forth hjs ice
morfels : who can ftand before
cold ?
1 8 x He fendeth out his yord,
melteth them : he caufeth h|s wind to
blow, andthe waters flow. 1
19 r He fheweth his 0 word unto Ja-'ftZUtS;
cob, his ftatutes and his judgrrfents unto £-8.9'4'Deut,
Ifrael. | •"*•-*¦ ^Js
20 z He hath not dealt fo with any ¦ 4™',';,':^. th J
nation: and as for his judgments, they '_?__*_?' ,8, faj

pr. ns. 1
IiS. 19, t.
J3.&S5 I
li. Hell. ;

pf. 127. sm.Sc 28.I
if- 44. nr
54- 13- -f Wrom liik tt

Heb. -who .«* " '."'
ihyb.rdcr A-ftf™ '

K 107.
\3- 9- _ I
lorn, ic j
Thef. -

htJob}j.6ici e »?>_¦„•»

like his
and

U Exod. 9. 3— Z*.
Jofh. io. fl. Job
'37. 8,10. & 38 a_,
-V, 30. If. 30. 30.

iVer. 15. Job 37. \o.
Pf. 33.9. Gen, 8.

\

have not
Lord

known them. Praife

ye

the

his
reat
s and
--if God
Reflections upon Psalm CXLVJ. — How good and gfcrcainly
muft God be in himfelf, when his great] :fs, wifdom, power,! people
goodnefs, are fo manifefted in all his wol:s. And, when he fcfe on his
ferves and provides for all his creatures, iow impoffible is it of the
hi* ranfomed children fhould be qverloofed or ftarved .' Mu :orporal
God is to be feen in all around us — in luninaries, in animal 1 ftores;
crops, in feafons, inhuman perfons or (cieties; but, ; above 1 wealth!
** ^o -,v,,,rkj 1 —  • r as our

in his church and in his word. If thefe

be more tolerable for Sodom an$ Gomo'ah in the day ofju appineXs
ment than for us. '

be abufed by us,, i>

99880 3006 6

!»_

f

¦Ft

w

m*

,-,,/ $,t_fe&

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