W ¦ \ 1 a i .¦ n \wv2-h *>/ SS^- f^J/&ftv Jfantodl jpkwrst, PREACHED IN THE FIEST CHUECH, CHAELESTOWN, MASS., SEPTEMBER 17, 1854, WILLIAM I. BUDING-TON. PHILADELPHIA: PRINTED BY ISAAC ASHMEAD. 1854. A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. Jfaretodl jpkwrse, I'REAUilKl) IN THE FIEST CHUECH, CHAELESTOWN, MASS., SEPTEMBER 17, 1864, WILLIAM I. BUDINGTON. PHILADELPHIA: PRINTED BY ISAAC ASHMEAD. 1854. Charlestoion, September 25, 1854. Rev. W. I. Budington, Dear Sir, At a meeting of the Members of the Congrega tion connected with the First Church in this City, held on the 24th inst., the undersigned were appointed a Committee to solicit for the press, a copy of the Sermon preached by you on the after noon of Sunday, 17th inst. In performing the duty assigned them, the Committee beg to express their conviction, that your compliance with this request will be a source of sincere gratification to each member of the Society with which you have been so long associated. With true regard, Your friends, James H. Goodrich, ~) L. A. Huntington, > Committee. Richard L. Saville, ) Philadelphia, September 28, 1854. Gentlemen, I thank you for the compliment implied in requesting my Discourse for the psess, and if in your judgment it would be of any service, or even act as a reminder of myself and the days that are past, I cannot refuse it, and could not, if it were a still more hasty production than it is. It is but just, however, inasmuch as it was written amid the distractions incident to my removal, that in complying with your request, I should give it to the press, not for publication, but for distribution in the congrega tion, and among such as feel an interest in our common concerns. With sincere affection, Your friend and servant in Christ Jesus, William I. Budington. James H. Goodrich, Esq., L. A. Huntington, " \ Committee. Richard L. Saville, " A DISCOURSE. 2 Cor. xiii. 11. " Finally, brethren, farewell. Be perfect, be of good comfort, be of one mind, live in peace; and the god of love and peace shall be with you." These beautiful words of the Apostle Paul, so appropriate to this occasion, express what is in my heart, and what I wish most of all to say : " Be per fect, be of good comfort, be of one mind, live in peace ; and" — how sweet the promise! — "the God of love and peace shall be with you !" The day to wliich I have often looked forward, when I should bid adieu to these familiar and much- loved scenes, when the last prayer and the last sermon of my pastorship should be delivered, has come — how unexpectedly and how painfully ! The fifteen years of my ministry have fled like a dream ; and I wonder at myself and the position which I occupy to-day. But it is not my intention to spend this hour in saddening recollections of the past. Regrets are use less, and more, they are out of place. As Christians, we must believe that the future is brighter than the past has been or can be. And while we yield to nature her graceful and necessary impulses, we will check and control them by the subduing and glorious thought that God reigns, and this is enough to still 8 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. our hearts now, and fill with light that boundless future into which we are advancing. I would gladly have avoided this duty, partly be cause I would not say farewell, and partly because it is unpleasant to allude, in a public manner, to one's personal concerns. It is difficult to do this so as not to offend against the proprieties of sacred times and places. And then it seems to me a just conception of the ministry of Christ, sinks the individual who min isters in Him who sends, and the office he appoints. But I have felt that a few parting counsels might be of use, and conscience binds me to the discharge of the duty, in the sacrifice of the feelings that hinder. I. Let me first say a few words of my ministry, in respect to its subject matter. Every earnest recipient of Christianity in a sense reproduces it; and it was meant that it should be so. For the religion of Christ is not a stereotyped form, outside of us, and unchangeable as the everlasting hills ; it is rather a hfe poured into the life of the world, transforming and exalting the life of men. No man, I think, can be a true and living Christian who does not receive Christianity thus. No man can be a true min ister of the religion of Christ, who, in addition to this personal experience, has not wrought over the system of doctrine he receives, and adjusted it to whatever else he holds to be true, so as to incorporate it with his views of Providence and of life, and all his habits of thinking. It is in this way only that he can re produce Christianity as a living force for this genera tion, and apply it to the actual wants of men, and to the life they are actually living. A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 9 But this is no easy work. The middle way of safety lies in this, as in all other matters, between Scylla and Charybdis, i. e., between two opposites; either of which is easy to find, but equally sure to destroy. On the one hand, it is an easy thing to take Christianity, as we find it laid down in books, and received by tradition. But this is no better than a mechanical operation. It is to repeat what we are taught — to hand over dead forms and documents — neither receiving nor imparting quickening power. It is easy, thus, to serve in the oldness of the letter- But the true ministry of Christ is " not of the letter, but of the Spirit; for the letter killeth, but the Spirit giveth life." "The words that I speak unto you," said the Master, "they are Spirit, and they are life." So, again, on the other hand, it were easy to depart wholly from the written Word, and, under the plea of progress, take our lessons from reigning sen timents of the day. But this is to miss altogether the power of God. In place of applying a remedy to the wants and woes of men, it is to aggravate them. There is no meaning in the ministry of the Gospel, and no occasion for it, unless there be a revelation of the will and grace of God to man. This revelation it is the office of the minister to preach, and, with a living knowledge and experience of it, to apply to living men, and to the everchanging aspects of human hfe. This it has been my humble but sincere endeavor to do — with what degree of success I leave, and must leave to God, but with the consciousness of great im perfection. My conscience would not allow me, on the one hand, to take the results of other men's 2 10 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. labors, and preach to you the system of doctrines I have found drawn out in our venerable creeds ; nor has it, on the other hand, allowed me to reject them as filled with the exploded superstitions and errors of past ages. But receiving them as substantially true expressions of the " faith once delivered to the saints," I have not only felt free, but in duty bound to examine and re-construct them, in the light of God's Providence, as reflected from my own mind and your felt necessities, Believing as I do in the ortho dox interpretation of Christianity, or, in other words, that the promise of Christ's perpetual presence with His church, implies so much at least as this, that the great body of his true disciples, in all ages, should be kept in the unity of a saving faith, I have endea vored to preach it, not in the forms in which the piety and wisdom of other generations embalmed it, but in those which were truest to my personal convictions, and best adapted, in my judgment, to bring to bear upon you the power of a vital Christianity. It has been the labor of my hfe to preserve, undiminished and unimpaired, the orthodoxy of our fathers, and to unite with it whatever the Providence of God has done for us, to illustrate its life-giving truths, and to free it from the mis-statements and mis-conceptions which human infirmity has not unnaturally mingled with it. In a word, I have not insisted so much upon a sys tem of theology, drawn from the Bible by learned and able minds, as upon the Bible itself. And this ex presses, as well perhaps as I can express it, my con viction of duty, and my aim as a minister. And I will add that the Scriptures have grown upon my ad- A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 11 miration and love, the more closely I have studied the real meaning which has been locked in the sacred page ; and my reverence for the divinity of the book has increased as I have observed unlooked-for corres pondencies, and on all sides a wholesomeness of in struction, and a fulness of wisdom, which are incon- testible seals of its Divine Authorship. I believe that I have discharged my duty, my whole duty as a min ister, in thus striving to make you acquainted with the meaning of the Bible, rather than those dogmatic sys tems which bear the signature of great names, but which are the subject-matter of enduring controversies. My belief is, that the difficulties which lie in the way of practical men, inquiring for practical religion, do not come from the Scriptures themselves, but from those additions and modifications which men have judged it necessary to make for the purposes of theological science. To make my meaning plain, let me instance the great doctrine of Human Ability and Divine Sove reignty, the Trinity in Unity, and Regeneration by the Spirit of God — doctrines by which more difficul ties have been awakened, and more schisms effected, than by any or all others ; and yet it is my belief that these difficulties have not been caused by the doctrines themselves, as they have been taught in the Scriptures, but as they have been laid down by men in their for mulas and systems. I have not preached these doc trines to you in what is called, although incorrectly, doctrinal discourses ; and yet I should regard it as a direct impeachment of the very life of my ministry, to say that I had not preached these doctrines. , I be lieve that I have preached them, and preached them 12 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. more than they who have chosen the other method, while by presenting them in practical issues, just as they lie in the Scriptures, with the shadings and limi tations in which they are actually found, I think they have been less liable to the objections of earnest minds, and to opponents, oftentimes, have not seemed to be the doctrines they have been wont to reject as alike unscriptural and unreasonable. But while this has been my course, and for these reasons, I have not preached against creeds and sys tems of theology. On the contrary, I believe them to be useful and necessary. I would only keep them in their proper places, which I maintain to be books, and lecture-rooms, and theological circles, and the instruction of those more advanced Christians who, "leaving the principles of the doctrine of Christ, go on unto perfection." I wouldmot have them the ordinary subjects of that Christian pulpit which is the suc cessor of Christ's seat upon the Mountain side, or the boat pushed from the shofe from whence he taught the people the way of life and salvation. My behef is, that metaphysical doctrines, instead of being a fit ting introduction for most people to Christianity, rather block the way ; and that if men would only receive practical Christianity, and in the way appointed, from the Scriptures themselves, they would be much better prepared for metaphysics, and much more likely to agree as regards them. A people should be indoctri nated, but first of all and chiefly, in the doctrine of the Scriptures themselves, and after this, as far as may be, in those other doctrines which are founded upon them. In a word, what I insist upon as the minister's A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 1<5 great duty and office, is, that he discriminate and teach his people to discriminate, as sharply as possi ble, between the simple and saving truths of the Gospel, in regard to which there ought to be and may be unity of faith, and all those teachings of men, whether true or false, with regard to which there may be, and probably will be, great differences of judg ment. In this way it is possible, and only in this way, I believe, to unite fidelity to God's truth, with charity and skill in rightly dividing the word of life. II. I have occupied more time with tliis first point than I intended, and I will pass to another and kindred subject, viz., my public relations, as a minister, to other denominations. Our Protestant communities, throughout Christen dom, are greatly divided into jealous and contending sects. This is the great reproach Romanism casts upon Protestantism, and, in some measure, justly. Our own population in Charlestown is, to say the least, as much divided in this respect as any other. Now, a minister who has an earnest faith, indeed any faith at all, has a difficult work to do, in combining charity towards others, with faithfulness to himself and the Master he serves. Here, again, the true course lies between extremes; and either extreme is so easy to find and to follow, that indolence and easiness of temper, are under great temptations to take one or the other. If a minister chooses to be a party-man, he has a plain and beaten track to pursue; it will take but httle learning, or talent, or piety, to succeed, and there will be not a few to applaud. Or in the indulgence of an easy good 14 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. nature, he may set lightly by all forms of religious doctrine, hold that one ism is as good as another, and by making his own religion a cipher, add the benefit of his charity to every denomination alike. On the one side is bigotry; on the other, latitudinarianism. On the one side is sectarianism ; on the other, is a meaningless and mischievous charity. Now, between the two lies the path of an intelli gent and conscientious minister. He must be frank in the avowal of his sentiments, and faithful in the maintenance of them. And with this he must couple fairness towards the opinions of others, with honor and affection for their persons. Far be it from me to imply that I have realized this in my own ministry. It is enough for me to state what my principle is, and what my aim has been. I should be doing injustice, however, to my grateful convictions, did I not give utterance to my belief, that it is quite a possible thing to unite faith fulness to the highest style of an earnest and aggres sive Christianity, with honor, courtesy, and affection, in the treatment of men. Indeed, I will go farther and say, that in order rightly to defend and adminis ter Christianity in such a community as ours, such a combination of opposite virtues must take place, and that a minister's success will depend not alone upon an earnest advocacy of the truth, but upon the charity he bears towards the persons of those from whom he differs. I have always said1, that such a union of faith fulness to Christ, with affection to men, is a difficult task, and it is also encompassed with dangers. The minister may, and commonly will be suspected by over- A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 15 zealous friends, and his reputation for soundness may for a time suffer. But if, like the noble-minded Paul, it be with him " a very small thing that he should be judged of man's judgment," he will ultimately rejoice even in the ordeal of censure through which he has passed. If at an earlier period of my ministry here, my reputation for orthodoxy fell under suspicion and re proach, I cannot now regret the course that occasioned it, but am rather disposed to look upon it as evidence that forsaking the beaten track of partizanship, I endeavored to unite truth with charity. I have, indeed, nothing to boast of before God ; on the contrary, it becomes me to humble myself. I have not been as faithful as I should have been, in preaching the Gospel, nor as tender and sympathizing as I should have been towards those whom I hold to be in error. Much less have I united the two as I ought. But I do not regret that I attempted such a union ; on the contrary, if I have done any good in this community, it is because of such an attempt, sin cerely made, though imperfectly executed. I am happy in bearing witness to the uniform kind ness and respect with which I have been treated in this community, by all denominations, and not the least by that portion of our own Congregational body with whom we are on terms of non-communion, in spite of a common polity, the endeared associations of the same order, and the hallowed memories of the same Puritan ancestry. I have not been conscious that this friendship has been procured by any with holding of the truth on my part, or that it has been 16 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. intended on theirs, to abate from the vigor of a Chris tian fidelity. On the contrary, I am persuaded that I never could have won the friendship of honorable minds, if I had been capable of such weakness or duplicity. The position which I have occupied as the pastor of the most ancient, and, with the ex ception of the Old South, the only Congregational church which has retained the original faith, has necessitated, on my part, a constant and painful study of the Unitarian controversy. While I have been forward to ascribe to our Unitarian brethren the graceful scholarship and eminent virtues by which they are so much distinguished among us, I am bold to say no one has been more free than I, to assert and defend those vital doctrines of Christianity from which they have publicly and lamentably departed. If I had gained the esteem and commendation of one citizen, by withholding or compromising a single doctrine of the Gospel, I should esteem it a disgrace to my character as a Christian minister, and even as a man. My chief pleasure in acknowledging the numberless courtesies I have received, springs from the persuasion that the fidelities of an Orthodox ministry do not conflict with, but rather multiply and heighten the amenities of hfe, in all neighborly and social relations. III. The next subject upon which I had designed to speak respects the choice of my successor. This is always a severe trial to the intelligence and virtue of a congregation, and by it the unity of churches has not unfrequently been broken up into lamentable schisms. My deep concern in your future prosperity, my anxiety that you should make a ju- A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 17 dicious choice, and that the harmony which has so long and so happily subsisted among you should not be interrupted, makes me desirous, now, before any ques tion of fact has arisen, or any feeling been evolved to blind your mental perception, to call your attention to one or two considerations which I deem of essential importance. I am the more forward to speak upon this subject, because I fear that a false taste has been growing in our churches as respects ministerial quali fications. So eager and absorbing has been the de mand for popular talents in a minister, that questions respecting voice, and gesture, and animation, and rhetoric, have been not only proposed first of all, but most of all insisted upon. I have no disposition to depreciate these gifts; I would that I and all my brethren had them. But in comparison with the well- trained virtues of the Christian character and the Christian scholar, they fade away into nothingness, — nay, to earnest souls, looking up for the word of life, they sicken and repel, as stones in place of bread. The two indispensable qualifications of a minister are, 1st, a Christian heart, — that he be no hireling, — that he seek not yours, but you; and 2d, that he have good sense, and the learning requisite to instruct you and your children in the oracles of wisdom. I put these two qualifications together because they should be regarded as equally necessary. Not every good man should be your minister. Nor every wise one. Tou expect, and rightfully, to be instructed by your pastor, and it is the appointment of God that you should not only love him for his goodness, but respect him for. his worth. You do not need, you ought not 3 18 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. to expect a man of shining gifts. But you should be thankful and satisfied if you obtain a minister, who, upon trial, commends himself to you as a Christian man, loving you and the work of Christ, and a man so endowed by nature and study as to answer to the apostle's description, " apt to teach." If in addition to these, the great pre-requisites, your minister be possessed of the minor qualifications, be thankful and value him the more ; but if otherwise, care not for it, remember that you have the substan tial blessing, and having this you can well lack the merely ornamental. If now you agree with me in these views, you will show it by doing two things, which is all in this regard I ask you to do. First, you will all be united in seeking a minister having the two-fold qualification I have described, and none of you will be satisfied with any man, however fascinating in his address, without this. And secondly, when the majority are satisfied with such a man, you who may find yourselves in a minority will not make your minister's deficiency in any of the lesser virtues, a reason for withholding your concurrence from your brethren, or your confidence from him. You will not understand me as teaching that a man ought to allow a majority or any number of men to choose a pastor for him who does not possess the radical qualifications of a minister of Christ. But I say if this qualification be possessed, it is the duty of a minority cheerfully to acquiesce. It is a duty imposed not less by the spirit of democracy than by the laws of Christ. And they who thus yield their A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 19 own preferences to the common will, may, in the end, find that they have sought their own, not less than others' good. Some who did not vote for my settlement here in 1840, have ever been among my best friends and most active helpers. So it may be again. IV. I have yet a few words to say respecting the progress of those improvements which you have lately begun with so much spirit. As you are aware, I have taken great interest in them, and do now rejoice in them as evidence that you love and honor the services of religion, and instead of giving to God that which costs you nothing, are ready to give Him the best you have. I know these are external improvements, but they are not the less important on this account. So long as we have souls in bodies, — spirit allied to matter, a vital and healthful religion will manifest itself in decorous forms and attractive houses of worship. I have taken peculiar delight in this sacred edifice. Its ancient style of architecture, of which the reigning ideas are a massive strength and simple beauty, comport well with the faith and order of our Puritan churches. I hold that the nurture and gratification of a just taste is not unworthy of a place among the objects of a Christian's regard. Nor am I ashamed to confess how much I have enjoyed beneath these arches, as the rays of the descending sun have imparted to them an infinite variety of light and shadow. It is an influence which like that of nature, moulds without their becoming the object of thought. I have looked forward to my Sabbaths here with 20 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. pleased anticipations, and my recollections of these Sabbath-hours will be increasingly pleasant to me, as I shall picture to myself the subdued light and solemn stillness of this consecrated spot! Long may you, my friends, and your children after you, enjoy these plea sant scenes, and may this house be associated in your minds, both in this world and others, with the holiness of worship, and rich disclosures of the revelation of God! But one thing remains, and this is that these grdunds be enclosed, substantially and becomingly, and that this acre of God be planted with trees, that shall serve to shade the house of His worship, and beautify the hill consecrated in history, as the burial-place of the heroic men and women who founded this church and settled this town^ The first tree a filial piety prompts you to plant should be an oak, in. memory of that venerable tree which grew upon this hill, and was long known as the Charlestown Oak, beneath which this church assembled of old, and where the Gospel was long preached. That oak deserves a remembran cer here, and by the men of this generation. And perhaps there is no tree, if we except the Cedar of Lebanon, that better deserves to be regarded as a sacred tree, for it is associated with venerable memo ries of the Old Testament history. Will you allow me also, in this connection, to ask, that while you are engaged in planting and beautifying this enclosure, you would also plant a tree for me. It would gratify me to know that some tree, bearing my name, was drinking the dews of heaven here, and deriving nour ishment from this soil, which might flourish as I A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 21 decayed, and live long after this frame had returned to dust. But I am admonished that it is time to draw these remarks to a close. I must bid away a crowd of thoughts ; — these parting minutes must be devoted to a theme, in comparison with which all others sink into insignificance. We are about to separate as pastor and people. But there is a time coming when we shall meet again. I do not refer now to the occa sional visits, when I shall hope to see your faces. I refer to the grand assemblage of the redeemed before the supreme Shepherd and Bishop. My heart's desire and prayer to God for you is, that you may be saved ; and that we may all meet again in heaven. But as an intelligent and honest believer in the Scriptures, I can hope for this, only so far as we severally have been obedient to the Gospel, which I have preached and you have received. I desire to remember and to be impress ed with the fact, that the bare preaching of the Gospel of Christ will not save me, for after having preached to others, I myself may be a castaway. I can be saved as you, and only as you can, by faith and repentance, and that holiness of living into which they grow. I cannot presume to use the language of the Apostle, when bidding farewell to his Ephesian brethren, he took them to record, that day, " that he was pure from the blood of all men ; for he had not shunned to declare unto them all the counsel of God." I am too sinful a man to say this, and my ,ministry too imperfect and unworthy. But I can " take you to record, this day," that I have sincerely, earnestly and affectionately set before you the way of life by Jesus Christ, and besought 22 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. you to be reconciled to God through Him. I can say, that "I have coveted no man's silver, or gold, or apparel." I know that I cannot be mistaken in this, that I have not sought yours, but you. I believe, too, that my ministry has been self-consistent and uniform in this one great teaching, that the imperative and sole condition of God's acceptance and eternal life, is character — that character which is modelled upon Christ's and which is formed by faith. My anxiety has not been to have you baptized, or to see you numbered among Christ's professing people and coming to his table, although I have sincerely desired this. But over and above this, and as the one thing needful, I have insisted upon the religion of the heart, mani festing itself in the hfe. And with this great lesson of my ministry I desire to close it, with the prayer to God, that, if possible, these last words of pastoral ex hortation may find their way to hearts, to which hitherto I appeared to have ministered in vain. God has denied me one great object of my prayer and effort, which is, that not a few of you who have long and honorably labored in the bosom of the parish for the maintenance of public worship, should add to these services, the higher and more precious tribute of an humble and spiritual consecration. Dear to me as is this edifice, the work of your hands, I would gladly see it levelled to the ground in undistinguish- able ruin, if in place of it, I could see you, my friends, ^ keeping back no part of the price, but meekly and gladly giving up all to Christ. I know very well that not all are Christ's who are of Christ,' that the fine of division between communicants and non-communicants A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. 23 in some respects an arbitrary one ; but oh ! I know at the great body of Christ's friends are with the Le, and of his enemies with the other, and I would ive you, on a point so momentous as this, make your >sition certain and the influence of your example un- istakeable. I long to see you, not only gladly doing some dngs, but with humble alacrity doing all that can be squired of you. Oh ! how little can we do at the ost for Christ ! And how unworthy the best we can fer ! I have but one hope now remaining me, in this !gard, and this has become a strong persuasion with Le, that he who follows me will be honored where have not been, and succeed where I have failed. oming after me and mingling his influence with mine, b will be enabled to bring fruit to perfection. This is ly prayer. It will be a consoling thought to me, if I lall have been to him a John the Baptist, to prepare the ay, and so be made to share in this blessed instru- Lentality. But if this be not so with anything I have one or said, I shall still rejoice in the result by whom ever it may please God to bring it to pass. My aged friends-, in bidding you farewell, so near le confines of eternity, I cannot but beseech yom, pend not another hour in this evening of your hfe, ntil you have made your calling and election to nother life sure. "Be sober, grave, temperate, sound 1 faith, in charity, in patience." Ye, who are in middle hfe, give to God your trength, and wait not till the palsy of age is upon ou and the shadows of approaching night deepen round vou. 24 A FAREWELL DISCOURSE. And ye who are full of the fresh hfe and fancies of youth, learn now your way to the cross, that the dignity of a Christian sober-mindedness, may be super added to the beauty of youthful enthusiasm. Finally : brethren of this ancient church, may God make you worthy of your spiritual ancestry, and give you steadfastness in your Christian calling. I was about to say, take care of this church for my sake — but I check myself and am reproved, for you have an infinitely higher and stronger inducement. — the church is Christ's, and for his dear sake, it is your privilege to labor and suffer for her ! God be with you at the family altar, in your weekly meetings for prayer, in your Sabbath assemblies, and at the communion table. God be with you in sickness and death, and afterwards " minister an entrance unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ." "And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified." " The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. My love be with you all in Christ Jesus." " Finally, brethren, farewell. Be perfect, be of good comfort, be of one mind, live in peace ; and the God of love and peace shall be with you. Amen." THE END. YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 9002 08867 9064