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PUBLISHED AT AMSTERDAM BY CORNELIUS DANKERTS IN 1604
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am
Chronicles of London
EDITED
WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES
BY
CHARLES LETHBRIDGE KINGSFORD, M.A.
ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, OXFORD
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
I9°5
HENRY FROWDE, M.A.
PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
LONDON, EDINBURGH
NKW YORK AND TORONTO
CONTENTS
page
The Cittie of London, from Ryther's map of 1604 Frontispiece
Introduction . ........ v
Chronicles of London :—
I. Julius B II . . . . „ . . . . 1
II. Cleopatra C IV . , . . . . . . 117
III. Vitellius A XVI . 153
Appendix :—
I. The chief variations of the first Chronicle in Vitellius A XVI
from the text of Gregory's Chronicle . . . .265
II. A list of the Lords, Knights, and Gentlemen slain in the
Realm of England since the good Duke of Gloucester
was murdered: from Vitellius A XVI . . . .276
III. Narrative for the years 1423-5, and 1427-8: from
Cotton. MS. Julius B I . . . . • -279
Notes 289
Glossary 343
Index 35°
INTRODUCTION
Sir Henry Ellis, in the Preface to his edition of Robert
Fabyan's Chronicle, praised the author as 'the rare instance
of a citizen and merchant in the fifteenth century devoting
himself to the pleasures of learning/ Herein he did the worthy
alderman more than justice; for Robert Fabyan was but one
of the last in a long line, and built only a little that was new on
the foundations which others had laid.
From the beginning at least of the fifteenth century aldermen
and citizens of London had shown their interest in civic and
general history by compiling, or encouraging others to compile,
English Chronicles arranged under the years of the municipality.
The Chronicles of London, which, as we now know them, thus
came into being, can, however, trace their ancestry much further
back. Early in the growth of municipal life there must have
arisen the desire for a readily accessible record, giving at least
the succession of city officers. To the record thus established it
was natural to add year by year notices, whether of landmarks
in the history of the City, or of some great event which had made
the year in question memorablex.
An early official record, in which the bare list of officers is thus
supplemented by historical notices, is contained in the Liber de
Antiquis Legibus, still preserved in the Record Room of the
Corporation, and edited for the Camden Society by Mr. T.
Stapleton in 1846. The original portion of this record was
written in Latin in the year 1274, and covers the history of the
City from 1188 to that date. Down to 1238 this Chronicle is
very meagre, and fills barely seven pages in the printed edition.
From this point it lengthens gradually; the next fourteen years
take thirteen pages, and from 1254 onwards the narrative is
enriched by numerous documents relating to the history of the
City. Afterwards the original record was supplemented by
additions, with lists of the sheriffs and brief historical notices,
1 I must not omit to notice the instance of a Bristol Chronicle of this type
preserved in the Kalendar of Robert Ricart, who was Town Clerk in the time
of Edward IV, and compiled his 1 Mayor's Register' at the bidding of the
Corporation. Ricart's Kalendar was published by the Camden Society in
1872.
vi
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the most important of which are in French and come down to
the end of the reign of Edward II.
A second record, which was perhaps of at least a semi-official
character, is contained in the Annates Londonienses, edited by
Dr. Stubbs for the Rolls Series1. Of these Annals Dr. Stubbs
remarked that it ' would seem clear on the face of the work that
it was drawn up by a citizen, and by a citizen who had ready
access to the records of the Corporation.' He went on to
conjecture that this citizen was Andrew Horn, fishmonger, of
Bridge Str'eet, and Chamberlain of the City of London, who died
on 20 October, 1328, and left by his will to the Chamber of the
Guildhall six precious volumes, two of which are identified with
the Liber Custumarum and Liber Horn. If so, some successor
may have added the notices in the Annates for the years 1328
and 1329 2.
The Annates Londonienses, from 1184 to 1289, consist in the
main of an abridgement of the Ftores Historiarum, long ascribed
to a supposed Matthew of Westminster, with additions relating
chiefly to the history of London and the succession of mayors
and sheriffs. From 1289 to 1293 the matter seems to be
original. A break then occurs till 1301, and at 1316 the
narrative breaks off once more, to be resumed only for a few
memoranda belonging to the civic history of London at the
opening of the reign of Edward III.
The Annates Londonienses contain notices, which are not
extracted from the Liber de Antiquis Legibus, but agree in
matter if not in form with passages in the later Chronicles of
London3. Some at least of the notices, in which the later
1 Chronicles of the reigns of Edward I and Edward II, i. 4-251, 1882.
2 id. i. pp. xxii-xxiv.
3 A good instance is found under 1226, where the Annates read:—
Eodem anno placitata fuerunt placita coronae apud Turrim ; et Johannes
Herlison defecit de magna lege sua facienda pro morte Lamberti de Legis.
Under the same place Harley MS. 565 has
' In this yere the pleas of the crown were pletyd in the tour of London;
and John Herlison failed of his lawe for the death of Lambert his lege.'
Whilst Gregory's Chronicle reads :—
'And that yere the plees of the crowne were holdynne at the Towre of
London, and John Herlyon faylyd of his lawe for the dethe of Lamberte
of le Legys.'
These are clearly translations from the Annates, and not from the Liber de
Antiquis Legibus, which reads:—
Hoc anno fuerunt placita corone apud Turrim, et Johannes Herlisun
defecit in lege sua, quam vadiavit pro morte Lamberti de Legis, cui dominus
rex concessit vitam et membra ad instantiam precum Mulierum Civitatis.
For the history of the incident to which this refers see Stow, Survey, 163.
Another instance occurs in 1245, where the Liber de Antiquis Legibus is
still more clearly not the original. See also the notices for 1222, 1230, 1232,
1253, 1254, 1257, 1258 and 1279.
INTRODUCTION
vii
Chronicles follow the Annates, are direct translations; and it is
noticeable that the agreement is always with the additions, and
not with the abridgement of the Flores. The indebtedness of the
later Chronicles to the Annates is confined to the earlier portion,
which ends in 1389. It seems fair to conclude that there was
in existence a brief London Chronicle, compiled in the latter
part of the thirteenth century, which was made use of by
Andrew Horn, and formed the basis of the later English
Chronicles.
This early Chronicle was no doubt written in Latin, and the
variants in the texts of the English Chronicles seem to be due
chiefly to the fact that the translations were made independently1.
Other Chronicles, however, like the notes added to the Liber de
Antiquis Legibus, were compiled in French. An example is
preserved in the French Chronicle of London edited by
Mr. G. J. Aungier for the Camden Society in 1844. This
Chronicle gives the history of the City from 1260 to 1345, and
was no doubt compiled soon after the latter date. The author
certainly made use of the earlier Latin Chronicle2, but perhaps
also of other sources. In one place at all events—under 1284—
the later English Chronicles of London resemble Aungier's
Chronicle more closely than the Annates Londonienses ; but even
here all three are probably derived from some common original.
Aungier's Chronicle does not, however, appear to have been used
by later writers ; and, unless perhaps in 1306, there is no matter
common to that Chronicle and to the English Chronicles of
London of later date than 1285. The most valuable and peculiar
part of the Chronicle, from 1307 to 1344, stands by itself.
In addition to the Chronicles, which are preserved in the
Liber de Antiquis Legibus, the Annates Londonienses, and
Aungier's Chronicle, it cannot be doubted that many other brief
City Chronicles, both in Latin and French, once existed. Of
such we may perhaps find traces in the formal Latin headings,
with which some versions of the English Chronicle begin each
new reign, in the common entry of the names of the mayors and
sheriffs in Latin, and in the survival in the earlier portions of
occasional Latin notices and marginal notes. Most of these
notices appear to be derived from some other source than the
Annates Londonienses, and they may perhaps be taken as
evidence of the existence of other independent Latin Chronicles3.
1 See the passages quoted in the previous footnote, and note on p. 289.
A simple instance is 'undir duke Domynyk' in H. (Nicolas, p. 6).
2 Compare the notices in Aungier and the Annales for 1279.
3 See H. under 1233, 1239, 1245, 1246, 1272, 1273, 1280, 1328 and the
headings for 1367 and 1377 ; and J. B I under 1246. Except perhaps for
the last none are derived from the Annates. There is a French notice in H.
under 1238.
viii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Further examples of such Chronicles may yet be discovered ;
but there is nothing strange in the fact that so few have survived,
for interest in them ceased when they were superseded by the
later English Chronicles.
From the early days of the fourteenth century, when Robert
Mannyng turned the French of Langtoft into ' simple speech for
love of simple men,' the native tongue of England was beginning
to regain her own. By the close of the century the process was
wellnigh complete, and the contemporaries of Chaucer and of
William Langland desired to read the history of their country
in their own familiar speech. John de Trevisa had already
translated the Polychronicon of Higden into English, and the
great Chronicle of the Brut, which, thanks to Caxton, was to
become the first of English printed Histories, was about to take
shape. To this time also the English Chronicles of London, as
we know them, owe their first origin. The half-dozen copies, or
more, which now survive can represent but a few of the many
which were written ; and, as I shall endeavour to show, there
were in process of time many editions. But down to the end of
the fourteenth century at all events the English Chronicles of
London are derived from some common source, and their first
compilation may be attributed safely to the early part of the
fifteenth century.
It is during the reign of Henry IV that the Chronicles first
show signs of having been written, in their present shape,
contemporaneously with the events which they record. It may
indeed be that the tragedy which placed the House of Lancaster
on the throne had something to do with the kindling of interest
of which these Chronicles were the outcome. At all events the
record of the Parliament of 1399, which is contained in the
Cotton. MS. Julius B II, is the most notable passage which any
of the Chronicles down to this point contain. But probably the
first edition, if I may so call it, was not compiled till the early
years of the reign of Henry V. During the preceding reign
the seven Chronicles, which I propose to compare, appear,
notwithstanding frequent variations, to have been derived from
one main original. The first marked diversion comes with the
year of Agincourt, and after that date the Chronicles fall more
clearly into separate classes. But before I proceed further it will
be convenient to describe the manuscripts of the Chronicles
themselves.
Placing them as nearly as may be in their chronological order,
they are as follows :—
Cotton. Julius B 11 = J. B II. Date 1435-
Cotton. Cleopatra C IV=C. Date 1443.
Harley, 565 = H. Date 1443.
INTRODUCTION
ix
Short English Chronicle = S. Date 1465.
Gregory's Chronicle = G. Date 1470.
Cotton. Julius B I = J. B I. Date 1483.
Cotton. Vitellius A XVI = V. Dates 1440, 1496, 1503, 1509.
These dates are those at which the several copies end; the
dates of writing and composition can be settled only by
examination.
Cotton. Jiclius BII, a volume of 103 leaves of paper measuring
n| by inches, is carefully written, with ornamental initial
letters, and plentifully rubricated. The main Chronicle extends
from 1189 to 1432. There then follow on ff. 89™ to ioov°
Lydgate's verses on the reception of Henry VI at London
in that year. On f. ioiro the names of the mayors and sheriffs
for three subsequent years are given. The natural assumption
is that the manuscript was written in 1435, and with this the
character of the handwriting and the style of the language are
not inconsistent. The early part—previous to 1399—is very
meagre; and here, as also in the later portions, the narrative
resembles H. more nearly than G. or J. B I. The most notable
contents are the record of the parliament of 1399, the bill
against the clergy in 1407, and the articles and arbitrament
between Henry Beaufort and Humphrey of Gloucester in 1426.
These three documents occupy more than half the main
Chronicle. No part of the manuscript has been previously
printed, though Sir N. H. Nicolas collated it for his edition of
Lydgate's verses in his Chronicle of London.
Cotton. Cleopatra CIV, on forty leaves of paper measuring
8 by 5^ inches, is now bound up with a number of other pieces
with which it had originally no connexion. The Chronicle
begins on f. 22r0 of the present volume in the middle of a sentence,
and ends in the middle of f. 6iv0, the last leaf being much rubbed
and worn in verso; nothing appears to have been lost at the end,
but how much has been lost at the beginning it is impossible to
say. The writing is in three different hands, which are all of
about the same date, towards the middle of the fifteenth
century1. The first hand extends to nearly the end of f. 30™,
and covers only part of the second and the whole of the third
mayoral years of Henry V (1414-6); the handwriting is
untidy and somewhat crabbed, and suggests that this part was
written by the original owner rather than by a professional scribe.
The second hand extends to the foot of f. 31™, and covers four
years (1416-20) ; it is perhaps the latest of the three, if, as
seems probable, the narrative for these four years was written in
1 For a piece of evidence that the third hand is later than 1446 see note on
p. 313 below.
X
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
at the foot of f. 30™ and on one leaf that had been left blank
in the first instance. The third hand is superior in character
to the two former, and is clearly the work of a professional
copyist.
The most notable parts of the Chronicle are the account of
the years J415 and 1416, and the notices of the French war
during the years 1433 to 1439. Considerable extracts from the
narrative for 1415 were given by Nicolas in his Battle of
Agincourt, and the ' Ballad of Agincourt' is printed in Wright's
Political Poems and Songs, ii. 123-7 (Rolls Series). The text
of Lydgate's verses on ff. 38-48 was printed, somewhat care¬
lessly, by Mr. J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps among Lydgate's Minor
Poems for the Percy Society in 1841.
For the years 1415? 1416 and 1432-8 C. stands by itself.
The narrative for 1416 to 1420 is identical with that in the Short
English Chronicle, an abbreviated version of the original chronicle
which was probably compiled in 1446. For the years 1420-
32 C. is related very closely to J. B II, but with some marked
variations approximating to H. under the years 1427-30. For
1438 to 1440 C. is very similar to, and for 1440 to 1443 very
nearly identical with H.; since, however, C. lacks the broken
sentence with which H. concludes, we may conjecture that it was
the later completed.
Harley 565 is a well-written manuscript on parchment
measuring 8 by 5^ inches. In addition to the Chronicle, which
extends from 1189 to 1443, the volume contains, in the same
hand, copies of the Latin historical inscriptions on three tablets
in St. Paul's Cathedral, together with Lydgate's verses on the
expedition of Henry V in 1415, and on the entry of Henry VI
into London in 1432. The Chronicle and other documents were
printed in full in the Chronicle of London edited by Sir N. H.
Nicolas and Edward Tyrrel in 1827. The editors, however,
omitted a list of the kings of England which is given on f. 1.
This list is of importance, as enabling us to fix the date of writing
precisely to 1443-4; for Henry VI is therein stated to have
reigned twenty-one years. The narrative for 1442-3 ends with
a broken sentence.
The Harley Chronicle is, down to the end of the reign of
Henry IV, certainly the fullest which has survived. It is
throughout of a distinctly civic character. The notices, of London
events are fuller, and the mayors and sheriffs are generally
described by the Guilds to which they belonged (a practice that
is less usual in other copies). On the other hand H. contains
none of the public documents, which contribute so much to the
value of some of the other Chronicles.
For the reign of Henry IV H. appears to be more nearly
INTRODUCTION
xi
lated to J. B II than to any of the other Chronicles. Down
1427 the relationship continues, but H. is usually, though not
ways, the fuller. For the years 1427-30 H. agrees more
arly with C., whilst from 1430 to 1439 it agrees—save for a few
ditions—with a copy of the Chronicle in Cotton. MS. Vitellius
IX \ From this point, as already noted, H. is very closely
nnected with C.
A Short English Chronicle is contained in Lambeth MS. 306,
d was edited for the Camden Society by Dr. James Gairdner
.der this title in 1880 (ap. Three Fifteenth Century Chronicles).
le MS. was written in the reign of Edward IV, not long after
65, when the Chronicle ends. A later hand, of Henry VIII's
ne, made many insertions from some other London Chronicle
robably of a similar type to G.), and Stow, who used this MS.,
ide copious memoranda on the blank leaves. The title given
the Chronicle by Dr. Gairdner is peculiarly happy, since down
1445 it is so brief that we may regard it justly as an abbre-
ition made about that time from one of the longer versions,
iring this earlier portion S. contains hardly a note that is not
be found elsewhere. The circulation of an abbreviated version
the Chronicles of London is confirmed by the identity of the
tices for 1416 to 1420 in C., and by the resemblance of S. and
B I. For 1428-9 and from 1431 to 1445 the two latter Chronicles
i nearly identical, though J. B I contains some additional
itter. The composition of the original abbreviation may
rhaps be fixed for 1446, since C. cannot be much later than
s, and after 1446-7 S. loses its jejunity. For 1445-6 S. and
B I have no notice whatever, but afterwards renew their re-
nblance down to 1459 ; the notice of Cade's rebellion in J. B I
:learly abbreviated from S.; on the other hand the notices for
51-2 and 1458-9 in J. B I seem to be the more original.
ie most valuable parts of S. are the notice for 1451-2 (Jack
de), and the narrative of the last six years from 1459 to I4(^5-
Gregory s Chronicle is contained in Egerton MS. 1995 in the
itish Museum, and was edited by Dr. James Gairdner, in
Elections of a London Citizen, for the Camden Society in 1876.
extends from 1189 to 1470. The earlier portion, down to 1440,
/ery closely related to J. B I and V. Under the year 1451-2
: following entry occurs :—
An that yere come a legat from the Pope of Rome with
:te pardon, for that pardon was the grettyste pardon that evyr
ne to Inglonde from the Conqueste unto thys tyme of my
•e, beyng mayre of London.'
William Gregory, skinner, was mayor of London this year,
1 As to this MS. see p. xiii below.
xii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
and the natural conclusion (as expressed in a modern note at the
end of the volume) is that he was the author, or part author, of
the Chronicle. Hence Dr. Gairdner described it as Gregory s
Chronicle. But the Chronicle extends to 1470, whereas William
Gregory's will was proved on 23 January, 1467. The MS. is,
moreover, written throughout in one hand, and consequently
Gregory cannot have been the author of the whole Chronicle, or
the writer of the manuscript. Dr. Gairdner has nevertheless
argued with fair reason that Gregory may have been the author
of that part of the Chronicle which covers the nineteenth to
the thirtieth years of Henry VI, i. e. 1440 to 1452. The notice for
1452-3, that ' was competent, welle, and pessabylle as for any
rysynge a-mong owre selfe, for every man was in Cheryte,' must
have been written by some one who was weary of the subse¬
quent years of civil strife. For 1453-4—the 32nd year—the
names of the mayor and sheriffs are given, but the events re¬
corded belong to the 33rd year. This looks as though
the original writer had stopped short with his lament for peace,
and, after adding the names of the next mayor and sheriffs,
written no more. The continuator then began with the
33rd year without noticing the gap. This, however, is a mere
conjecture which in the absence of the original text cannot be
verified.
The Chronicle ends abruptly in the middle of the ninth year
of Edward IV ; but one or two leaves are certainly lost, and it
is impossible to fix a date for the termination of the Chronicle
in the extant manuscript. The date at which the original con¬
tinuation of Gregory s Chronicle (from 1452 or 1453 onwards) was
compiled can, however, be closely determined. Under 1461 the
writer states that Dr. Morton ' schapyd a way longe tyme after,
and ys by yonde the see with the Quene.' This points con¬
clusively to the entry having been written after August, 1463,
when Margaret began her seven years' exile, and before the
restoration of Henry VI in the autumn of 1470. Morton himself
probably left England with Margaret, and returned with Warwick
in September, 1470. A similar conclusion may be drawn from
the reference, under 1465-6, in the present tense to Henry
Parker, who died in 1470; and from the statement, under the
same year, that John Milverton had been released from San
Angelo, but was still detained at Romex. Milverton was released
in 1468. Consequently the Chronicle, as it now stands, must
have been composed not earlier than that year, nor later than
the summer of 1470.
The first part of G. down to 1440 is substantially identical
1 Collections 0 a London Citizen, pp. 215, 228, 232.
INTRODUCTION
xiii
with V., and down to 1423 is very closely related to J. B I. As
far as 1414 it is very similar to H., but with variations, which
seem to point to its independent derivation from the common
original. For the year of Agincourt the narrative shows some
resemblance to that in C. From 1416 to 1426 G. is generally some¬
what fuller than the three older versions, and is distinguished by
the insertion of the full text of a number of documents, viz. the
agreements for the surrender of Falaise and Rouen, the treaty
of Troyes, the ceremony and banquet at the coronation of Queen
Catherine, the terms for the surrender of Meaux, the agreement
for the surrender of Pont Meulan, and the treaty between Bedford,
Burgundy, and Brittany in 1423. From 1426 to 1431 it resembles
H. (but with some marked variations) more nearly than J. B II.
Under 1429-30 there is a long account of the coronation of
Henry VI, and under 1431-2 there is a prose paraphrase of
Lydgate's verses on the king's reception at London. For the
years 1432 to 1440 it is in the main an abbreviation of C., but with
some additions, especially in the later years ; for the last of these
eight years it is much briefer than V. From the nineteenth
year of Henry VI (1440-1) the Chronicle assumes an in¬
dependent character. If Gregory was indeed the author of any
part of the Chronicle, there is another break at 1452 or 1453 ;
but the whole of the concluding portion of the Chronicle from
1440 onwards is marked by a curiously personal note, of which
the entry under the 31st year is a striking but by no means
solitary example.
Cotton. Julius B I contains 102 leaves of paper measuring
nijr by 8 inches, and is written throughout in the same hand,
probably soon after the end of the reign of Edward IV, the
notice of whose death is the last entry in the Chronicle. The
Chronicle ends on f. 90; several of the subsequent leaves are blank,
the others contain copies of various documents, including a list
of mayors and sheriffs for the first twenty-two years of
Henry VIII. The Chronicle in J. B I is manifestly for the
greater part a copy of older versions. By a fortunate accident
I found an early copy of the original of its most ancient portion
in Cotton. Vitellius F IX, a manuscript which was damaged by
the fire in the Cottonian Library in 1731, and has in consequence
passed unnoticed. I will first, therefore, give some account of
the more ancient manuscript.
The Chronicle in Cotton. Vitellius F IX is written in the
same hand on seventy leaves of paper, all of which have been
much damaged (chiefly at the top), though the greater part can
be read without difficulty. The Chronicle begins with 1189 and
ends in the middle of 1439. Down to 1431 it is identical with
J. B I. From that point to the end it is in close agreement with
xiv
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
H., and since the text of the latter contains a few additions
Vitellius F IX may be presumed to represent for this period the
original of H. The account for 1438-9 is incomplete, and ends
with the words ' and that made Bakers lordes, but I pray God
lette vs neuer see that Day no more, if hit be his wille V The
Chronicle stops in the middle of f. 70™ ; and, since nothing
seems to have been lost, it was probably written in 1439.
The Chronicle, which is thus represented by Vitellius F IX
and J. B I, down to 1423 closely resembles G. It has a similar
notice for Agincourt, and inserts the same documents. It
contains, however, some additional matter; under 1417-8 there
is given the agreement for the surrender of the Castle of Falaise
as well as that for the Town ; in the next year the agreement
for the surrender of Rouen includes some articles which are
omitted in G. Furthermore, the text of the inserted documents
is more accurate, and the narrative is in places fuller (a good
instance is the notice for 1409-10, which in some points resembles
H. and in others G.). From 1423 to 1431 Vitellius FIX and J. B I
must be considered to represent a separate version, though in
parts they resemble J. B II or H. The notices for the parlia¬
ments of 1423-4 and 1424-5 are fuller than in H. and G. ; under
the first of these years there is a detailed account of the trial of
Sir John Mortimer, and a list of French towns and castles taken
by the English in Guienne, and under the latter the agreement
made by the Earl of Salisbury for the surrender of Le Mans.
Under 1425-6 the arbitrament, but not the articles, between
Henry Beaufort and Humphrey of Gloucester are given, and also
the full text of Beaufort's letter to John of Bedford. The
account of the fighting at St. James de Beuvron is also fuller
than in G. The notice of the parliament in 1427-8 is peculiar
to this Chronicle, and the text of the service at the coronation
feast under T429-30 varies from that in G.; under this latter
year there is also a letter from Philip of Burgundy describing
the capture of the Maid, and a list of the f Journeis that were
done after the kyng was landid at Caleis2.' For 1426-7 and
1430-1 it resembles H., and for 1428-9 agrees with S.
From 1431 to 1459 J. B I, as already noted, agrees generally
with S. Under 1432-3 and 1433-4 occur two short notices not
found in S.3; the notice for 1436-7 is a little fuller4; and
under 1437-8, where S. has nothing, J. BI has the entry: 'In
this year Oweyne, that wedded quene Kateryne, brake out of
1 Cf. Nicolas, p. 124.
2 See Nicolas, pp. 165-71. Nicolas, however, omits most of the additional
matter for 1423-5, and also the arbitrament and the proceedings of the
parliament of 1428.
3 Nicolas, p. 171. 4 id., pp. 172-3.
INTRODUCTION
xv
Newgate.' The notices for 1440-2 resemble H. The chief
subsequent variations of the two MSS. have already been noted.
The independent portion of J. B I, from 1459 to 1483, is, with the
exception of the notice for the first year (1459-60), extremely
meagre, and nearly all the notices relate to events in London.
The more material variations of J. B I from H. were printed
by Nicolas and Tyrrel in their edition of the Chronicle of
London1; where also the full text of J. B I from 1443 to I4$3 *s
given2. The text of the agreement for the surrender of the
Castle of Falaise was printed by Dr. Gairdner in Collections of
a London Citizen 3.' Dr. Gairdner also collated the text of J. B I
for the documents contained in G. The narrative for 1423-5
and for 1427-8 is given in Appendix III to this volume.
Cotton. Vitellius A XVL contains 213 leaves of paper
measuring 8^ by 6 inches. It is made up of three separate
Chronicles, with some subsequent additions, arranged as con¬
tinuations of one another, but written by different hands at wide
intervals. The paper shows three different watermarks : (1) for
ff. 1-53, ff. 66-102 and ff. 210, 211 ; (2) for ff. 54-65 ; and (3) ff.
'102-209, and ff. 212, 213 ; three leaves of the original volume
appear to have been missing in Cotton's time; the whole of the
leaves in the first part of the MS. are numbered in a hand of the
fifteenth century, f. 1 of the present volume being numbered 4.
The missing leaves may have comprised the reigns of Richard I
and John; the present f. 1 was restored in Cotton's time, and in
the process some writing was covered up. The volume has been
recently rebound, and the leaves mounted separately on guards.
The first Chronicle extends from 1216 to 1440, and ends in the
middle of f. i02vo, with the names of the mayor and sheriffs
for the nineteenth year of Henry VI (1440-1). This portion is
written in a hand (or hands) of the latter part of the reign of
Henry VI. There is a possible change at f. 53, the concluding
sentences on which leaf are repeated on f. 54™; it will be
observed that this repetition coincides with a change in the
paper; an explanation may perhaps be found in the combination
of the work of two scribes.
The text of V. (1) is nearly identical with that of G., but is on
the whole superior 4. In the earlier part it sometimes resembles
H. more nearly than G., and in the concluding years (1432-40)
it approximates occasionally to C. There are a few passages
which are peculiar to V. (1), such as the notices of the birth of
Henry V, and of the affray in Eastcheap5. The notice for the
concluding year (1439-40) is much fuller than that in G.; and
1 The documents are omitted. 2 pp. 133-47. s pp. 258-62.
* See the collation in Appendix I, pp. 265-75 below.
6 See pp. 267 and 268 below.
xvi
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
since it is also fuller in some respects than the notice of the year
in C., I have thought well to begin this edition with that year;
the reference to the ordinance as to Lombard merchants not
having been performed, seems to show that the date of writing
was some years later, but presumably earlier than the re-enact¬
ment in 1453 1-
The second Chronicle of V. begins in the middle of f. io2vo,
where, after the names of the mayor and sheriffs, the second
writer has entered in a cramped fashion the first part of the
notice for the nineteenth year. This second Chronicle is written
in a hand of the late fifteenth century, and, extending from
f. io2vo to f. i6oYO, covers the period from 1440 to 1496. The earlier
portion is of course in no sense contemporary ; and, though the
writer no doubt followed in the main some older version, there
are many indications that the narrative as it now stands was
written long after the time to which it relates. The affray
between ' men of the Court' and ' the men of the town ' is given
under both the nineteenth and the twentieth years of Henry VI.
The double notices of this incident, and of the fate of Eleanor's
accomplices under the same years2, point to a derivation of
material from more than one source. Under the twenty-first
year the coming of Margaret to England and the destruction
of St. Paul's steeple are dated incorrectly; the former incident
is afterwards described in its proper place under the twenty-third
year. The custom by which the mayor, in and after 1453, went
to take his charge at Westminster by water, was clearly long
established when the account of that year was written 3. The
reference to the invention of printing under 1457 4 can hardly
have been written till printed books had become familiar, say at
the earliest not before 1480 and probably later. Even so late as
the eleventh and thirteenth years of Edward IV errors of chrono¬
logy occur: the Earl of Oxford was taken prisoner in 1474 and
not in 1472 ; the Duke of Exeter died in 1475 and not in 14745;
it is, moreover, stated expressly that Oxford remained in
captivity many years—in point of fact he did not escape from
his prison at Hammes near Calais till August, 1484. For these
reasons alone we may safely place the compilation of this part
of the Chronicle at least as late as the end of the reign of
Edward IV.
Nevertheless, the earlier portion of the second Vitellius
Chronicle has much interest of its own. It has no very close
relationship to any other of the existing London Chronicles. It
is clearly not derived from them, since it contains much peculiar
1 Sharpe, London and the Kingdom, i. 280.
2 See pp. 154, 155 below. 3 p. 164. 4 p. 167.
0 See pp. 186 and 319 below.
INTRODUCTION
xvii
matter; and when all are on common ground, as in the account
of Jack Cade, V. preserves an independent narrative. On the
other hand, the Vitellius Chronicle is of special value as repre¬
senting the type of Chronicle which was used by Fabyan from
1440 to 1485. Fabyan's account of the fall of Richard III is so
much the more interesting that it is not likely that the writer
of V. could have had it before him. Fabyan's own Chronicle
stopped at 1485, and probably this date marks the end of the
common original of Fabyan and V. (2).
I conclude therefore that the original compiler of the second
Chronicle in V. was probably the author of the portion from
1485 to 14961; and that for the earlier part from 1440 he had made
use of a Chronicle which for this period was the common
original of his own work and of Fabyan. But this latter Chronicle
was itself also in part a compilation from earlier Chronicles. I
have noted above mistakes and statements which point to its
having been compiled long after the dates to which they refer.
The character of the Chronicle itself also seems in its latter
portion (1474-85) to undergo a change; it becomes more purely
civic, and interesting comments of a personal kind are intro¬
duced 2. The last of the errors occurs in 1473-4, and the civic
narrative begins with the next year. We may perhaps there¬
fore be justified in a threefold division of the second Vitellius
Chronicle: (1) 1440-74, for the present shape of which the
original writer of the second part was responsible; (2) 1474-85,
the completed Chronicle of which Fabyan made use, and which
was compiled soon after the end of Richard's reign; (3) the
completed Chronicle of V. (2) coming down to 1496, and written
not long after.
The second Chronicle and the second hand of the Vitellius MS.
end in the middle of f. i6ovo. The third Chronicle begins on
f. 1611'0 with the year 1496-7, and extends to 1502-3 on
f. 2o6r0. With its exact and orderly chronology and minute
detail this Chronicle has somewhat of the air of a Journal written
down from time to time, whenever the keeper of it found any¬
thing worthy to record 3.
Although it is written throughout as a continuous narrative,
variations in the handwriting and the ink show that it was not
all written at the same time. This and the occasional mistakes
and corrections serve to showthat in V. (3) we have, not the original,
but only a copy, made presumably in 1503, since there are no
1 The Vitellius MS. is probably only a copy and not the original. Mistakes
of a trivial kind, such as would be made by a copyist, are not infrequent ; see
especially the repeated error of' other determyner' on pp. 199, 203, 204.
2 Notably the accounts for the sixteenth and seventeenth years of
Edward IV. The comments are in substance common to V. and to Fabyan.
3 See p. 224 for an instance of a strictly contemporaneous entry.
KINGSFORD b
xviii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
entries of later date than April of that year. This conclusion is
confirmed by the variations in the continuation of Fabyan, and
by the evidence of Stow and other writers, who have preserved
some information not contained in our manuscriptx.
Soon after the end of the reign of Henry VII another hand
entered in the Vitellius MS. a copy of a continuation from 15°3
to 1509. This Chronicle, which is almost identical with Rastell's
continuation of Fabyan, is very brief, the whole of the six years
filling little more than four pages—ff. 2o6vo to 2o8r°. The
yearly headings are marked with red ink, and each sentence
begins with one or two words in larger letters 2.
At the foot of f. 2o8r0 a contemporary hand> not dissimilar to
the last, has entered a brief notice of the first year of Henry VIII.
On f. 209™ in a quite different hand there is an entry for the
mayoral year 1515-6. On f. 209™ Stow has written a copy
of the will of Robert Thorn 3, Merchant Taylor, who died on
Whitsunday, 1532. On f. 2ioro begins a list of the lords,
knights, and others slain since the murder of Humphrey of
Gloucester in 1447, which extends to f. 213™ and is written in
a hand of the late fifteenth century, contemporary, but not iden¬
tical, with that of the second Chronicle4.
I will now turn back to summarize the general conclusions to
which this examination of the individual manuscripts points.
The earliest of the extant copies—J. B II—was written about
1435 and ends with 1432. This will therefore furnish us with a
convenient limit for the first part of our inquiry. Before that
date the history of the Chronicles of London is of necessity some¬
what conjectural. But as regards the existing manuscripts we
can distinguish clearly three classes :—
(1) J. B II and H., with C. from 1420.
2) Vitellius F IX and J. B I.
3) G. and V. (similar to the second class down to 1423, or
perhaps 1424).
1 See further pp. xxix, xxxiv below.
2 I have shown these in the text by capitals.
3 He left .£4,440 to charitable uses in London and Bristol, including
a bequest to the grammar school of the latter city. Probably he was
a relative of the Robert Thorne, merchant of Bristol and London, who wrote
some letters on the Indies printed by Hakluyt, and died at Seville in
1527 {Diet. National Biography, lvi. 294). The two Robert Thorns must
apparently be distinct, for the will is dated 17 May, 1532. The bequests to
relatives and friends amount to over .£5,000. Mention is' made of Katheryn
Woseley and Alice Goodman, his sisters, William Thorne his uncle Robert
Thorn a godson, T. Moffet, master of Bristol Grammar School, and Paul
Withypole his master. See Stow, Survey, 43, 70.
4 Henry VII was still alive (p. 278). The list ends with an account of
Giles Daubeney's expedition to Dixmude in 1489, and was probably written
scon after. See Appendix II, pp. 276-9.
INTRODUCTION
xix
Till towards the close of the fourteenth century there can be
no question that all the versions are derived from the same source.
And down to 1414 the variations are nowhere so marked as to
be incompatible with the theory that they have all one common
original. Nor previous to that year is the division of the manu¬
scripts into classes so clear as it becomes at a later stage. Thus
H. contains matter in common with J. B I and G., which is not
found in J. B II, and J. B I and V. at times resemble H. more
closely than G. I incline therefore to 1414 as the approximate
date at which the English Chronicles of London were first put
into a permanent form. But it must be understood that different
copies, of what for convenience I will call the first edition, may
have presented considerable variations, and there is sufficient
evidence that independent translations were made from the Latin
original of the earliest part of the Chronicles.
With the year of Agincourt there comes a marked divergence.
For that year J. B II and H.,with something in common, differ too
much for us to argue with certainty that they were derived from
one and the same source; C. stands by itself, but may in part be
derived from the same source as G. and J. B I1; the two latter
manuscripts present only textual differences, and have clearly a
common original. It is, however, possible that this divergence
may be due only to the exceptional interest of the year, and to
the unusual wealth of material which induced different scribes to
depart from the common text.
For the years after Agincourt the existing Chronicles show
more variation than before, and the division into classes is more
definite. Probably several versions were compiled during this
period, and there is fair evidence for fixing 1423 and 1427 as the
dates for two such recensions. The former year is indicated by
the divergence of J. B I and G. With 1427 the close resemblance
of J. B II, C., and H. is interrupted, and for the year 1427-8
J. B II has no notice, a hiatus which may mark a breach in its
original. But the question is not free from difficulty. Thus in
1423-4 and 1425-6 G. has matter which appears to come from
the original of J. B I. Under 1425-6 J. B II alone preserves
the full text of the articles and arbitrament between Henry
Beaufort and Humphrey of Gloucester ; this document cannot
be, as the record of the parliament of 1399 and the Lollards' Bill
may be, an insertion of the scribe, for it is clear that it formed
part of the original both of G. and of J. B I ; J. B I gives the
text of the arbitrament and the full text of the letter of Beaufort
to John of Bedford (where J. B II has only an extract); whilst in
G., though no part of the text is given, there are details as to
1 For the variations of V. see pp. 268-70 below.
XX
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the disturbances in London, which appear to be derived from the
articles1. Again, whilst J. B II, H., and C. (from 1420) are
in general agreement. H. has points in which it more closely
resembles G. or J. B I, such as the notice of the parliament of
1424. The fact that each of the existing Chronicles has some
matter that is peculiar to itself perhaps favours the theory of one
common original for them all. The evidence of Fabyan's
Chronicle, so far as it goes, points to a similar conclusion, since
he appears to have had access to a fuller version than any of
those now extant. Nevertheless, it seems clear that there must
have been a recension of earlier date than the abbreviated version
of 1432 which is preserved in J. B II, and I therefore accept the
evidence for 1423 and 1427. Indeed, it is probable enough that
more versions were already in existence. The independent narra¬
tive for the years 1414-6 in C. may be a later compilation. But for
1415-6 H. must have been derived from more than one source,
since it gives two notices of Bedford's victory at Harfleur ; the
first (with most of the narrative for the year) is peculiar, whilst
the second agrees with that in J. B II, which the Chronicles of
the other two classes also at this point resemble.
The five years from 1427 to 1432 remain to be considered.
The main grouping of the manuscripts continues as before, but
with a good deal of cross division. In the first class C. and H.
agree on the whole from 1427 to 1430 ; as do J. B II and C. from
1429 to 1432. J. B I and Vitellius F IX agree down to 1431,
for the last year being very similar to H.; for 1431-2 J. B I
agrees with the much later version of S., and Vitellius F IX with
H. G. and V. are at least in form independent, and probably
represent a later recension ; their distinguishing characteristics
are the account of the ceremony at the coronation of Henry VI,
and the prose paraphrase of Lydgate's verses. A probable
hypothesis seems to be that J. B II, H., and C. had a common
original ending in 1430. Although J. B II in its present form
was written about 1435, as regards the original of its earlier
portion the date of composition cannot have been later than
1430; for under 1417-8, after mentioning the election of the
new pope, the text reads, ' and he is called Martinus Quintus 2.'
All the later MSS. read ' which pope was callyd,' and Martin
died in Feb. 1431. This note might, of course, be due to an
edition of 1427, but the divergence of J. B II and C. from H.
after 1430 points to the compilation of a further edition in
that year. Similarly, since 1430-1 is the last year for which
Vitellius F IX and J. B I agree, we may assign the composition
of their original to that year. Thus by 1431 we have two main
1 V. is here identical with G.
2 See p. 72 below.
INTRODUCTION
xxi
versions of the Chronicles; the first and shorter represented by
J. B II, and the longer, which is marked by the insertion of the
text of treaties, &c., by J. B I ; but neither of these versions is in
its earlier portions fully representative of the original archetype x.
J. B II will represent also a still later edition made about 1432.
The next most convenient halt is marked by the conclusion of
C. and H. in 1443. Between 1432 and 1443 several copies of the
Chronicles of London must have been compiled or brought up to
date. First comes Vitellius F IX, which ends in the middle of
the seventeenth year of Henry VI in 1439. With the eighteenth
year the independent part of C. and the common part of G. and
V. both conclude. For the seventeenth and eighteenth years C.
has much in common with H., G., and V. ;• it is possible therefore
that all are indebted to a version compiled in 1440. The evidence
of G. and V. is in any case conclusive for the termination of one
version at that date ; this version will have followed the original
of J. B I as far as 1423, and after that date may have been
derived from several sources, for 1423 to 1430 chiefly from the
original of J. B II, and from 1430 to 1440 perhaps from the
original of C. In 1443 H. ends, and the existing manuscript was
written in the following year. The compiler appears to have
followed the original archetype down to 1414, the original of
J. B II from that date to 1430, and Vitellius F IX to 1439.
The narrative of the next eighteen months comes from the
version of 1440, and for the last three years we may perhaps
be justified in regarding H. as the actual original. It should of
course be remembered that the compiler of each version may
have used more than one older copy, and may further have
supplemented his copy or copies from quite independent sources.
This is no doubt the case with H., where the compiler followed
Vitellius F IX for 1431-2, but added at the end Lydgate's
verses from some other copy. The note on William Goodgrom
under 1437-8 is another instance of an addition to Vitellius
1 There is in existence a Chronicle ending with 1431, which has so many
points of resemblance to one or the other of the existing Chronicles of London
that we may fairly conjecture that it was in part at least derived from the
same source. This is the brief St. Alban's Chronicle for 1422-31, which is
printed in Amundesham's Annates, i. 1-64 (Rolls Series). A few of the more
noticeable points are: the execution of Mortimer in 1424; W. Wawe the
thief, and the destruction of bad wine in 1427 ; the Duke of Norfolk's escape
from drowning in 1428; executions of Cole and Hunden, and fight by two
men of Feversham at Smithfield in 1430. The notices of the impostor
' Baron de Blakamore' in 1424, and of the complaint of the woman of the
stocks against Humphrey of Gloucester under 1428, do not occur in the
Chronicles of London; but they clearly come from the same source as
the corresponding matter in Stow's Survey, p. 22 and Annates, 369. See
also pp. 133, 273, 282-3, 308 below; Gregory's Chronicle, 161, 163, 171;
Nicolas, 117, 118.
xxii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
F IX. So also the last part of C. is derived from several sources ;
for 1420 to 1432 from the originals of J. B II; for 1432 to 1440
perhaps from the version of 1440; and for 1440 to 1443 certainly
from H.
After 1443 S. and J. B I alone have any obvious connexion.
S. is derived from an abbreviation of the version of 1440, probably
made and brought up to date in 1446, with a continuation to 1459,
and a conclusion of its own ending in 1465. The compiler of
J. B I used first the original of Vitellius F IX to 1430, and
from 1430 to 1459 ^e original of S. supplemented by H. or
some similar copy, and finally added a continuation of his own
to 1483.
No doubt there were many copies of the Chronicles of London
written at various times during the latter half of the fifteenth
century. G. perhaps represents two, which ended in 1452 and
1470 respectively ; and in V. we can trace, conjecturally or posi¬
tively, copies which were written in 1474, 1485, 1496, 1503, and
1509 *. But before the time of these last the day of the written
Chronicle was passing away. Robert Fabyan was already at
work on his enlarged Chronicles, and with their appearance in
print in 1516 the written manuscript lost its interest for any but
the antiquary. Nevertheless, the tradition lingered for a time.
The so-called ' Chronicle of the Grey Friars of London' was com¬
piled in civic form by an ex-Franciscan in the reign of Queen
Mary2; and Charles Wriothesley, the Windsor herald, who died
in 1562, chose to give his memoirs the shape of a continuation of
the city chronicle of Richard Arnold 3. The history of Arnold
and the other printed Chronicles is another story, which I will
for the present postpone.
Instead let us consider what evidence can be obtained as to
the method by which the Chronicles of London reached their
present form, and from what sources they were derived. They
1 Another example is Arundel MS. XIX in the College of Arms, which
ends in 1451, but was prepared in blank down to 1475, and has some
additions coming down to 1522. In Harley MS. 541, ff. 215-9, there is
a list of mayors from 1189 to 1482. The names of the mayors for the next
sixteen years have been added in various hands, together with some brief
notes ; see p. 321 below.
2 Edited for the Camden Society in 1852 by J. G. Nicholls, and more
excellently in Monumenta Franciscana, vol. ii, in the Rolls Series. The
original is contained in Cotton. MS. Vitellius F XII, and is written throughout
in the same hand ending in 1556. The earlier part, perhaps as far as 1509,
is abbreviated from a city chronicle of a similar type to V. with a few insertions
relating to the Franciscans.
3 Wriotheslef s Chronicle, Camden Society, 1875-7. Another London
Chronicle is printed in the Camden Miscellany, vol. iv ; it extends from 1500
to 1545, but down to 1532 is extremely meagre.
INTRODUCTION
xxiii
began no doubt with official records, such as the Liber de Anti-
quis Legibus, which were supplemented from general chronicles,
like the Flores Historiarum, as in the case of the semi-official
Annales Londonienses and their continuations. Aungier's
French Chronicle of London affords sufficient evidence that
in the middle of the fourteenth century unofficial records of
a similar form were in circulation. From such sources, official
or unofficial, some of the matter of the existing English Chronicles
was derived. The close agreement of all versions of the Chronicles
of London down to the close of the fourteenth century is, more¬
over, in itself evidence that there had by that time been put into
shape a popular but short chronicle—whether Latin or English—-
arranged according to the mayoral years. The record is, till
near the close of this period, for the most part so brief that we
cannot with any advantage seek to trace more exactly the
sources whence it was derived. In the earlier Chronicles, as in
the later English Chronicles of the fifteenth century, the notices
of events in and near London may well have been set down
as they occurred, or written up from personal knowledge by the
compiler of each new version. The copies which have survived
can represent only a small portion of those which once existed.
When the wealthy citizen, rising to municipal importance, desired
to obtain a record of the City's history, he doubtless procured
a copy from some friend, and employed a professional scribe
to bring it up to date; or he may himself, as perhaps did
William Gregory, have written at the end of his copy his own
record of events within his own knowledge. But the Chronicles
include much information which could not have come within the
personal ken of any London scribe or citizen. For the incidents
of the French war and for the battles of the Roses other
material must have been obtained. In Gregory s Chronicle we
are once told that certain information ' was as letters made
mencyon that were sente into Englonde.' True, in the same
place V. reads ' as they made mencion V But we need not
reject either version. Together they justify the assumption that
the scribe based his narrative in part on hearsay from men who
had been at the wars, and in part on letters which had come
into his own or his patron's hands. Amongst the minor
authorities for the French war in the fifteenth century not
the least important are the letters which were sent home to
England, whether of an official character from great persons like
the king or chief commanders, or the private correspondence of
humble individuals with their friends 2. With the one exception
above noted there is no direct reference to any such letters ; but
1 Collections of a London Citizen, p. 179. Cf. p. 275 below.
2 Cf. Foedera, ix. 779, 911 ; Ellis, Original Letters, 2nd Ser. i. 77.
xxiv
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
on no other hypothesis can we explain the numerous passages
where the narrative seems to record obviously the impressions
of an eye-witness. Of such are the account of the surrender
of Harfleur and of the reception of the French envoys by
Henry V in C.1 ; of a similar character also are the detailed
notices in the latter half of the same Chronicle, as for instance
the account of the fighting before Crotoy in 1438 2. The same
Chronicle furnishes some instances of passages which appear to
be founded on a verbal report: under 1436-7, Montereau-faut-
Yonne appears as ' Motrewe-in-fort-Jon,' a mistake which might
readily be made by a scribe who knew the name only by hear¬
say, but is not likely to have been committed by any one who,
knowing the place, appreciated the significance of the name.
On the other hand 'Seynt Jelyan Dew Maunte' seems to be
a palpable misreading of Seynt Jelyan deuouuauntes (for De
Vouvauntes) 3.
It is perhaps peculiar that nowhere in the Chronicles is there
evidence that the writers had made use of the letters which we
know that Henry V and other high personages addressed to the
mayor and City. The compiler of the third part of V., how¬
ever, had access to the City records, and frequently gives as his
authority ' certeyn tydynges, which came to the Mair,' or
' certeyn tydynges from the Kyng unto the Mair V Even
here once only do we get the full text of such a letter, viz.
under 1499, where is preserved a letter from Henry VII
describing his negotiations with the Archduke Philip5. There is
other evidence also in both Chronicles in V. of the use of official
documents; under 1496 we have the full text of Sir Henry
Colet's bond as mayor to the Duke of BurgundyG, and on
various occasions the Chronicle reproduces much of the text
of ordinances made in Common Council, as on the election of
Chamberlain and Bridge-masters, on the guardianship of Orphans,
and on Brocours Alyauntes 7. From the City records also must
have come the details as to prests, benevolences, and loans in the
second and third Chronicles in V.8 Perhaps even the notices
of fires, which are a curious characteristic of the fourth Chronicle,
may be due to some official concern of the writer9.
In addition to private or official letters and City records the
compilers of the fifteenth century made use of documents which
had been put forth by authority in the public interest. Of
a. semi-official character at least must be the record of the
parliament of 1399, which is manifestly derived from official
1 pp. 118, 119 below. 2 p. 144 below. 3 See pp. 143, 145.
4 See pp. 213, 218, 233. 5 See p. 229. 6 See p. 209.
7 See pp. 196, 225. 8 See pp. 186, 193-5, 2I2-
9 See pp. 260, 261.
INTRODUCTION
XXV
sources, and in one form or another too common for its publica¬
tion to have been accidental. The list in C. of the French lords
killed at Agincourt is derived from what appears to have been
a sort of official bulletin, and the lists of hostages for Harfleur
may have a like origin. In Chronicles of the types of J. B I and
G. we have copies of state papers, such as the agreements for
the surrender of Falaise and Rouen, and the treaty of Troyes.
The articles and arbitrament between Gloucester and Beaufort
in 1425 were no doubt published by authority; and, since they
were the outcome of a quarrel in which the City had played
no small part, were of natural interest to a London chronicler.
The version of the Chronicles in Vitellius F IX and Julius B I is
rich in notices of the parliaments from 1423 to 1428, and gives
the English text for several enactments of commercial interest,
together with other matter which must have been derived from
official sources \
At a much later date we have the official confession of Perkyn
Warbeck, which was printed by authority for public informa¬
tion2. Of a different character is the Lollards1 Bill of 1407 3
(or 1410), which was presumably published by its promoters;
it is indeed rather a manifesto meant for a popular audience
than a serious attempt at legislation; the silence of the Rolls
of Parliament and the evidence of historians show that it was
officially suppressed. From semi-official sources must have been
derived the Itinerary of Agincourt in C.4 Of a similar semi¬
official character are the accounts of the ceremonies at the
coronations of Queen Catherine and Henry VI given in J. B I
and G.5 With these latter may be classed Lydgate's verses on
the reception of Henry VI in 1432 6; they are indeed the official
programme of the festivities, which the Monk of Bury was more
happy in devising than describing. Of a like character are the
verses for the pageants at Catherine of Aragon's entry in 15017.
The pageants of 1432 were a definitely civic function, and it is
no doubt to its official character that Lydgate's poem owes its
preservation.
It is not a little curious that there should in the Chronicles of
London be such slight trace of the ballads and doggerel verses,
which were assuredly one of the chief expressions of public
opinion. A solitary instance8 is the Ballad of Agincourt in C.9,
and that occurs in a passage of exceptional character. The
1 See Appendix, pp. 279-88 below. 2 Cf. pp. 219-21.
3 Cf. pp. 65-7. 4 Cf. p. 304.
5 Nicolas, pp. 162-5, 168-9; Collections of a London Citizen, pp. 139-41,
165-70.
c See pp. 97-116. 7 See pp. 235-48.
8 I do not count Dunbar's poem on pp. 253-5. 9 See pp. 120-2.
xxvi
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
omission is the more remarkable when we compare the vise
that was made of John Page's poem on the siege of Rouen in
the narrative of the Brut, and remember that it must have been
in London, the centre of national life and interest, that ballads
and doggerel political squibs were most readily produced and
published.
To some extent the Chronicles of London possess that personal
element which makes ' memoirs' so fruitful in sidelights on
history. Yet from this point of view they are often disappoint¬
ing. How much we may have lost, which then seemed trivial
but now would be of intense interest, we cannot guess. Our
regret must be tempered by the preservation in the Chronicles
of London of many documents, which had escaped official
record, and were yet too weighty to have come down unaided
on the stream of time. Had we more specimens of the London
Chronicles we might gather a richer harvest. Much of the
material which has made the Chronicles of Fabyan, Hall, and
Holinshed valuable for the history of the fifteenth century
is to be traced to the Chronicles printed in this volume. It is
not impossible too that sixteenth-century writers were indebted
to the London Chronicles for other information, which now
appears to be traditional onlyIn one case, at all events,
we have an instance in point. Under 1440 mention is made in
V. of the articles which were brought against Henry Beaufort
in the parliament of that year by Humphrey of Gloucester;
some versions of the Chronicle presumably gave them at length,
for Richard Arnold, by whom they are preserved, no doubt
derived them from the copy on which he based his own meagre
abridgement.
Of the use which Arnold and other writers of the sixteenth
century made of the Chronicles of London let us next treat.
The first place must be given to Robert Fabyan, to whose
labours all knowledge of the Chronicles was for three centuries
chiefly due. Fabyan belonged to a substantial family in Essex,
but like others of his kinsfolk was connected with trade and the
City. He was a member of the Drapers' Company, alderman
of the Ward of Faringdon Without, and served as sheriff in
1493-4. In 1496 he was one of those assigned to go to the king
' for redress of the new impositions raised and levied upon
English cloths in the Archduke's land.' In the following year
he was one of the aldermen employed on the duty of keeping
watch at the time of the Cornish rebellion. He resigned his
1 Such may be the stories of Henry of Monmouth's riotous youth (see
p. 341), and the account of how Humphrey of Gloucester received Sigismund
at Dover.
INTRODUCTION
xxvii
aldermanship in 1502, on the pretext of poverty, apparently in
order to avoid the expense of the mayoralty. Thereafter he
retired to his estate of Halstedys at Theydon Garnon in Essex,
and seems to have busied himself with the compilation of his
Chronicle. He probably died on 28 Feb., i5J3 1-
Fabyan's Chronicle was first printed by Richard Pynson in
1516. In this edition it ends with the reign of Richard III, and
this probably represents the work as Fabyan left it, though with
the omission of an autobiographical note and some verses of
a religious character, which form the Envoi of his history. The
note and verses are first found in the second edition, which was
printed by John Rastell in 1533 together with continuations
down to 1509. Fabyan himself, in the note above referred to,
says: ' And here I make an ende of the vij parte and hole
werke, the vij day of Nouember in the yere of our Lord Jesu
Christes Incarnacion M. vC. and iiij, . . . and thus endeth the
seuenth parte 2.'
The conclusion seems to be obvious, that in 1504 Fabyan did
not contemplate any extension of his Chronicles beyond 1485.
As regards the printed continuation, on internal evidence alone 7
it is improbable that it should be of Fabyan's composition. If •
it were, it is strange that for the period of his most active life as
a citizen he should have had so little to tell. The year of his
own shrievalty—1493-4—is dismissed very briefly ; there is
a bare reference to the commercial dispute in 1496, in which
he was personally concerned, and only a short notice of the
Cornish rebellion, in the resistance to which he had taken an
official part3. Moreover, the printed continuation does not
agree with the professed citations from Fabyan's Chronicle,
which are given by Stow. From 1485 to 1502 the printed
continuation is in effect an abridgement of the Vitellius
Chronicle, but with a few slight additions which show that the
compiler had some other source of information 4. This abridge¬
ment was not made till after 1509, for on p. 685 there is a refer¬
ence to ' the first trouble of syr William Capell5.' From i5°3
to i5°9 the continuation agrees very closely with the Vitellius
Chronicle, but with a few slight omissions and insertions.
There is, however, some reason to suppose that Fabyan, after
completing his printed history, took up his pen once more, and
wrote a continuation down to 1511. In Stow's Collections in the
1 Diet. Nat. Biog. xviii. 113. 2 Chronicle, p. 681.
3 Compare pp. 198-201, 209, and 213-6 below, with Fabyan, pp. 685, 686.
4 See pp. 321-6 below, and Busch, i. 405.
5 See note on p. 324 below. On pp. 684, 686 of the continuation, under
1492 and 1498, there are references to Richmond, a name which was not
used till after 1502.
xxviii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
British Museum the following note occurs: ' Robert fabian,
draper, one of the shryves and alderman of London in the yere
1491 {sic). He wrote a Chronicle of London England and of
Fraunce, beginning at the creation and endynge in the third of
Henry the 8, which both I have in writen hand. He deseased in
anno 1511, and was buried in this chirche [St. Michael Cornhill]
with this epitaph1.'
In the same volume Stow makes some other references to
Fabyan as his authority. On f. I9r0 'fabian writer' is written
in the margin against a notice of the reception of Maximilian's
ambassadors in 1503 ; the notice harmonizes with that on p. 259
below. On f. 75™ ' fabian' is written in the margin against
a statement that the ' house called the Stoke market' was begun
in 1411 and finished next year ; the printed Fabyan, p. 575,
mentions only that the building was begun, and not that it was
finished ; but Stow may have obtained the addition from another
copy of the London Chronicles, as H.2 On f. 8ovo ' Ro. fabian '
is written in the margin for the statement that the Cold Harbour
' belonged to herry holland, duke of Excester, and he was lodged
there in 1472' ; there is nothing of this in the printed Fabyan,
and the date is wrong; can it be that Stow took it from the
Vitellius Chronicle 3 ?
I have noted seven places in the Survey where Stow quotes
specifically from Fabyan as his authority. Of these three belong
to the'period 1485-1509. The first is an account of the royal
Twelfth Day Feast in 1494. The second, under 1497, relates to
the body of Richard Hackney's wife. Both of these are some¬
what fuller than the corresponding passages in the Vitellius
Chronicle4. The third belongs to 1509, and gives Fabyan as
the authority for the disgrace of Darby, Smith, and Simson,
ringleaders of false inquests in London5; this last has no
parallel in the Vitellius Chronicle. Of the other four two are
described as from ' Fabian's manuscript'; the one relating to
the building of Cripplegate in 1244°, which is not to be found
in the printed Chronicle ; the other, a description of how the
greater estates of the realm came to London in 1458, which
1 Harley MS. 538, f. 67™. The word 'London' has been struck out before
' England.' In his Chronicles, p. 867, Stow gives a similar note: ' This
Robert Fabian . . . made a Chronicle of England and of France, beginning at
the creation of the worlde and ending in the third yeare of the raigne of
King Henrie the Eight, which boke is imprinted to the ende of Richard
the Thirde.'
2 See Nicolas, A Chronicle of London, p. 85. In the 1598 edition of the
Survey, p. 178, there is a similar note of ' Robert Fabian' as the authority.
But the later edition omits it; see Survey (ed. Thorns), p. 85.
3 See p. 183 below. 4 See notes on pp. 323 and 325 below.
6 Survey, p. 72. 6 id., 13.
INTRODUCTION
xxix
seems to be fuller than the printed text1. The two last come
from the printed Chronicle 2.
In his Annales Stow has for his account of the reign of
Henry VII used freely some Chronicle of a similar type to the
Vitellius Chronicle. But here also there are some noteworthy
insertions. A striking instance is the passage which amplifies
the description of the dress of the courtiers at the reception of
Catherine of Aragon 3. This passage seems to show that in
addition to Vitellius A XVI Stow made use of another and more
detailed Chronicle of a similar type.
Finally, we have the two passages in Stow's Chronicles and in
Hakluyt's Voyages, where reference is made to Fabyan as the
authority for the notices of discoveries in North America4. The
first of these might, I think, be derived from the Vitellius
Chronicle. The second, under date 1502, has the notable
addition (following Hakluyt's version): ' of the which upon two
yeares after I saw two, apparelled after the maner of English¬
men, in Westminster palace, which at the time I could not
discern from Englishmen, till I was learned what they were.
But as for spech I heard none of them utter one word.' This
addition was, on the face of it, not written before 1504, and
presumably not till some time later. It is just such a personal
comment as Fabyan occasionally interpolates5; and, assuming
that it is indeed his, it harmonizes well with the fact that any
continuation of Fabyan's own Chronicle beyond 1485 must, on
his own showing, have been written after November, 1504, when
he made an end of his whole work.
No trace can now be found of Fabyan's manuscript continual
tion. But the evidence in favour of its existence in Stow's time
is too strong to be rejected. What then was its relation to the
Vitellius Chronicle? Dr. Busch has argued that the printed
continuation of Fabyan and the Vitellius Chronicle were derived
independently from a common original, pointing out that the
corresponding portions of Hall, of Stow, and finally also of
Bacon's History of Henry the Seventh, show traces of the use
by those writers of a London Chronicle similar to, but fuller
than, either of those which now exist6. This conclusion cannot,
I think, be controverted. But the further conclusion that this
larger London Chronicle was the work of Fabyan does not seem
to be tenable in view of the evidence that any continuation of
1 Survey,33; see p. 168 below, which agrees nearly with the printed Fabyan.
2 Survey, 102, 134. 3 See note on p. 335 below.
4 See notes on pp. 327-30 and 337-8 below.
6 Compare his notes on Queenhith, p. 336; on the execution of Baily by
Jack Cade, p. 624 (see p. 315 below);-and on Sturmyn's ship, p. 633 (see
p. 316 below).
6 England under the Tudors, i. 410.
xxx CHRONICLES OF LONDON
his must have been written after 1504. The original of the
Vitellius Chronicle was clearly written before that date, and
although the existing manuscript is only a copy, it is certainly
an early and a very close copy. Its form after 1496 is almost
that of a well kept diary. There is a curious precision in the
language, which marks it as a strictly contemporary record *.
Events are set down in their regular chronological order. The
reference under 1498 to Cabot's second voyage, ' of which to the
present moneth came nevir knowledge of their exployt,' was
assuredly written early in September, when the return of the
ships was daily expected 2. It is of course possible that Fabyan
might have been the keeper of this diary, and the near—it is not
exact—coincidence of the conclusion of that part of the Vitellius
Chronicle with Fabyan's retirement from city life may seem at
first sight to support such a theory. But it would be curious
if after recording so carefully changes in the body of aldermen 3,
he should never have mentioned either his own appointment or
the vacancy caused by his own retirement. Nor are there in
the Vitellius Chronicle any of those personal comments which
appear occasionally in his printed work, and apparently appeared
also in his lost manuscript. Moreover, the account of the reign
of Henry VII in the Vitellius Chronicle is not the work of
a single writer. The portion from 1485 to 1496 is written in
the same hand as the copy of the older Chronicle from 1440
onwards, and ends on f. i6oTO in the middle of the page. The
narrative for 1496-7 begins on a fresh page, and though there
are some variations in the handwriting, there is no break in the
continuity of the manuscript. Nor on internal evidence should
I ascribe the two portions 1485-96 and 1496-1503 to the same
author. For the years 1485-90 the Chronicle is extremely
brief, and even for the years 1493-6 it is inferior to the
subsequent narrative for 1496-1503. This latter portion, in
addition to its greater fullness, has certain marked characteristics,
such as the expression ' tydynges brought unto the Mair,' the
regular notices of vacancies amongst the aldermen, and the
addition (except for the first year) of the guild to which
the mayor belonged. The narrative stops abruptly in April,
1503, and this seems to mark the conclusion of its original.
The Chronicle for 1503-9 is of quite another character. The
majority of its meagre notes relate to small incidents, like fires
in the City, which would hardly receive such prominence if the
chronicle were the work of a man in country retirement. My
own conclusion is that the lost manuscript of Fabyan was
written towards the close of his life, and that for the reign of
1 As for instance in the notes on the weather on pp. 232, 233.
2 See note on p. 330 below. 3 See pp. 222, 223, 225, 226.
INTRODUCTION
xxxi
Henry VII he made use of a copy of the original of Vitellius
A XVI, dealing with it in much the same manner as he had
done with the older Chronicles of London. It may be that this
manuscript was a fresh work, and took the form of a Chronicle
of London omitting the extraneous portions of the original
' Chronicles of England and of France.' This will give at least
a plausible explanation of the passage in Stows Collections,
where, as Dr. Busch suggests, Stow must by speaking of ' both '
have intended to distinguish the ' Chronicle of London' and the
' Chronicles of England and of France.'
The supreme importance of this difficult question of the
relationship of Fabyan's continuation to the Vitellius Chronicle
has demanded the more prominent place. But I must now go
back to give some account of his main work. Fabyan himself
styled his history ' The Concordance of Chronicles,' and began
with the Creation. Pynson published it as The nezv Chronicles
of England and of France, it is only with the seventh part,
from the Norman Conquest onwards, that we need at all concern
ourselves. Fabyan made use of William of Malmesbury, Henry
of Huntingdon, and other early writers, and also in later times
of Caxton's Chronicle, and apparently of a manuscript copy
of the Brut. For the French part of his history he followed
chiefly the Compendium super Francorum Gestis of Robert
Gaguin, which was printed at Paris in 1497. But for his
English history his most valuable information was derived
from the old Chronicles of London. Which, if any, of our
existing versions he followed it does not seem easy to decide.
Perhaps he used a copy which did not agree precisely with any
of those now extant, but represented more closely the fuller
archetype of them all ; or he may have consulted two or more
versions. For his account of the parliament of 1399 he had
access to the record preserved in J. B II. And like J. B II he
gives the text of the Lollards' Bill against the clergy, though
in a less perfect form1. But J. B II cannot be the copy, or
at all events not the only copy, of which Fabyan made use ;
for in the earliest portion, down to 1399, he has incorporated
material which is contained in the fuller narratives of H. and G.,
but not in J. B II. Similarly for the reign of Henry IV he must
have consulted one of the fuller versions. When he comes to
Agincourt he says that the prisoners amounted ' to the nombre
of xxiiij C. and aboue, as witnessyth the Boke of Mayres' ;
a reference which does not quite tally with any of our extant
Chronicles. From this point his original appears to have been
of a similar type to J. B I. The service and ' sotelties' for
1 See notes on pp. 294 and 295 below; and Fabyan, pp. 546-52, 564-6,
and 575.
xxxii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Sigismund in 1416 are ' passed over.' The feasts at the corona¬
tions of Catherine in 1420 and of Henry VI in 1430 are described
as in G. and J. B I. Under 1423-4 there are notices of the
parliament, the execution of Sir John Mortimer, and the war
in Guienne, which are clearly of the same origin as the narrative
in J. B 11. Of the articles and arbitrament between Gloucester
and Beaufort in 1426 Fabyan has only a brief summary ; but for
this and the two subsequent years he seems to have still followed
the same copy as in 1423-4. For the following period down
to 1440 his original probably resembled G. or V., but included
Lydgate's verses in full (he himself treated them with some
freedom) ; his notices of the French war during these years are
derived rather from Gaguin than from the English narrative
in C. From 1440 to 1485 he follows, as a rule with great fidelity,
a copy which was the original of Vitellius A XVI, but with
additions from Gaguin and other writers, and with some
occasional interpolations which we may fairly suppose to be
his own2. These latter become more frequent as he approaches
his own time, and relate chiefly to events in London, of which
he could write from his personal knowledge. Of his additions
in the earlier years the most interesting is his story of the
execution of Baily by Jack Cade, which is based avowedly 'on
what I have herde some men reporte.' Historically the most
valuable of all his additions is the account of the fall of Richard III
at the very end of his seventh part.
Fabyan's own merits are little more than those of an
industrious compiler, who strung together the accounts of his
different authorities without any attempt to harmonize them,
and with little critical capacity. He does not pretend to have
done anything more, and says expressly3 that his work was
' gaderyd with small vnderstandynge.'
' So haue I now sette out this rude vverke,
As rough as the stone that commen to the square,
That the lerned and the studyed clerke
May it ouer polysshe and clene do it pare.'
This modest disclaimer makes it the more unlikely that he,
who was ' of cunnynge full destitute,' should have composed any
history of his own. Whatever the contents of his manuscript
continuation, we may be pretty certain that it was no more
original than the printed work which he closed with his artless
verses in November, 1504.
Second, though perhaps in point of time first, comes Richard
Arnold, a citizen and haberdasher of London trading with
Flanders, of whom mention occurs as early as 1473. He was
1 See Appendix III, pp. 280-4 below. 2 See notes on pp. 313-20 below.
3 Chron., p. 3.
INTRODUCTION
xxxiii
the compiler of a commonplace book dealing with London
antiquities, to which Douce when editing it in 1811 gave the
title of The Customs of London. It was first published at
Antwerp by John Doesborowe in 1502, and again by Peter
Treveris in 1520. The collection opens with a list of the mayors
and sheriffs with brief occasional notices, which are clearly
derived from the Chronicles of London. After 1461 these
notices become more numerous, and assume an independent
character. The additional notices down to 1520, which were
added in the editions of that year, are fairly full. The chief
interest of Arnold's work in connexion with the Chronicles
of London consists in the inclusion of the full text of the
articles and arbitrament between Gloucester and Beaufort in
1426, and of the charges brought by Gloucester against his uncle
in 1438 ; the former is undoubtedly, and the latter is probably,
derived from the version of the Chronicles made use of by
Arnold.
John Rastell, who was the publisher of the second edition
of Fabyan's Chronicle, had three years previously, in 1530,
published a work of his own styled, The Pastyme of People or
The Cronycles of dyicers realmys and most specially of the
Realme of England. The latter portion of this work is very
brief, and, though some use is made of the Chronicles of London,
it is probable enough that Rastell followed simply the first
edition of Fabyan; his narrative of the reign of Richard III
comes, however, from another source.
When Edward Hall in 1542 produced his Union of the two
Noble and Illustre famelies of Lancaster and York, he declared
that for a hundred and fifty years past no man had written in
the English tongue an adequate history 'excepte Robert Fabian,
and one without name which wrote the Common English
Chronicle.' This acknowledgement of his debt to Fabyan was
supplemented by the inclusion in the list of his authorities of the
Chronicles of London. We may conjecture that Hall had used
Fabyan more freely than any manuscript version of the
Chronicles. But there is evidence in his text that he had, as he
claimed, used the manuscript Chronicles also. He gives, for
instance, the articles and arbitrament of 1426, and the charges
brought by Gloucester in 1440. These of course might have
been derived from Arnold; but, though Hall appears to have
somewhat modernized his text, the collation of J. B II with the
two sixteenth-century versions suggests rather that Arnold and
Hall had used different copies, which differed from one another
and from the now extant text of J. B II1. It is curious that
Hall, whilst avowedly indebted to Fabyan, owes his knowledge
See pp. 77-94 below.
KINGSFORD C
xxxiv
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
of the Lollards' Bill, not to that writer, but to the brief notice in
Walsingham's Historia Anglicana. In his narrative of the war,
between 1432 and 1438, Hall seems to have supplemented the
ordinary French accounts from an English narrative of a similar
character to that contained in C.1 For the reign of Henry VII
the Vitellius Chronicle ' forms, together with Polydore Vergil,
his principal groundwork, and it is in those parts of his narrative
which are derived from it, and not given in other works founded
upon it, that Hall's value as an authority for Henry VII's reign
mainly rests2.' Probably Hall used a fuller copy of the original
than our Chronicle ; for he makes some additions, as in his
account of the riot at the Steelyard, the battle of Blackheath,
and the entry of Catherine of Aragon 3. But he bears unconscious
testimony to the accuracy of our copy by repeating its errors4.
Richard Grafton, who was the printer of the second edition of
Hall's Chronicle in 1548, himself published twenty years later
a Chronicle at large a)id meare Historye of the Affayres of
Englande. This work is a compilation from Hall and others
of no original merit; and though a table of Mayors is annexed,
Grafton's knowledge of the Chronicles of London appears to
depend on Fabyan and Hall.
In 1578 appeared the Chronicles of Raphael Holinshed, who in
his list of authorities includes Fabyan and Hall, but makes no
reference to the manuscript Chronicles of London. However,
he adds that he was aided by Master John Stow, and by ' diuers
rare monuments, ancient writers, and necessary register books
of his which he hath lent me.' Amongst these no doubt was
a copy of the Chronicles. In one place Holinshed quotes as his
authority the ' Register of Maiers 5.' He has also some other
matter which is derived from the Chronicles direct, as in his
account of the parliament of 1399, which follows that in J. B II
more closely than does Fabyan, and must clearly have been
derived from the same source6.
We now come to John Stow himself, the most celebrated and
indefatigable antiquary of London. Stow was born about
1525, the son and grandson of citizens of London, and lived till
1605. By trade he was a tailor, but from early middle life
devoted himself'to the search of our famous antiquities.' His
first historical publication was his Sunnnarie of Englyshe
Chronicles . . . Wyth also the names and ye ares of all the
Bylyfes) custos, maiors, and sheriffes of the Citie of London sens
1 See notes on pp. 308-12 below. 2 Busch, i. 408.
3 id. i. 407. 4 See pp. 227 and 322 below.
5 iii. 82; for the reception of the news of Agincourt, apparently from
a copy of the type of H.
6 See pp. 292-4 below.
INTRODUCTION
XXXV
the Conqueste. This work appeared originally in 1565, and with
many subsequent editions was dedicated to successive lord
mayors, aldermen, and commons of the City. Stow assisted in
the preparation of Holinshed's Chronicles, and in 1580 produced
his own Chronicles of England, which was written in civic form,
and was a sort of re-edition of the old Chronicles of London.
In 1592 he expanded the Chronicles into a larger and extended
work as The Annales of England1. In 1598 there followed
A Survay of London, of which a second edition appeared in
1603. Both Annales and Survey were revised and altered in
subsequent editions after their author's death. The authoritative
(1603) text of the Survey was re-edited by W. J. Thorns in 1842
(reissued in 1876)2.
Stow was a most accurate chronicler and searcher of records,
and a great collector of books and manuscripts. After the
manner of his time he treated his originals with some freedom,
and cannot be relied on absolutely for giving their exact words
without glosses of his own 3. The frequent use which he made
of the old Chronicles of London is manifest throughout his works.
Notes in his handwriting are, moreover, to be found in Lambeth
MS. 306 (A Short English Chronicle), and in Vitellius A XVI.
He seems to have used chiefly the latter copy and the printed
copy of Fabyan. But, as described above, he cites also e Robert
Fabian's MS.,' and there is evidence that he was acquainted with
other copies of the older Chronicles 4.
Bacon must also have made use, though not to any great
extent, of the Vitellius Chronicle 01* its original in his History of
the Reign of Henry VI/5. But until the publication of Nicolas
and Tyrrel's edition of H. in 1827 knowledge of the Chronicles
of London was due chiefly to the writers of the sixteenth century,
thanks to whom they have contributed not a little to the common
narrative of English historians. I need not pursue this matter
further, yet there is one point which must not be passed over
entirely. It was from Holinshed, and through Holinshed in some
degree from the Chronicles of London, that Shakespeare drew
the facts for his historical plays. The speech in which Chichele
1 I have used the later edition of 1615.
2 References in this volume are to Thorns' edition.
3 There is a good instance in Survey, 159, where, after quoting Hall on the
enclosures at Moorfield, he adds without any break a comment of his own;
see p. 338 below. See also p. 330 for his interpolation as to Sebastian Cabot,
and the note on the Stokkes Market on p. xxviii above.
4 See note on p. 291 for a probable reference in the Annates to a copy of the
type of J.B II. The notices as to the play at Skinners Well in 1409, the affair
of Laurence Ducket in 1284, the fight at Smithfield in 1442, and the piracy on
the Thames in 1440 (.Survey, 7, 96, 143, 157) may come from H. Lydgate's
verses are quoted on p. 45 of the Survey.
6 Busch, i. 410.
C 2
xxxvi
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
paraphrases the Lollards' Bill [Henry V, i. i) is one of the
few places where we can trace the direct descent. But other
material also, like the incidents of Jack Cade's rebellion
(II Henry VI, iv), comes from the old Chronicles through the
medium of Holinshed and Fabyan. For the riotous conduct of
Prince Hal, and for the tavern scenes in Eastcheap, the only
extant suggestions of historical authority are to be found in, or
are derived from, the Chronicles of London1.
In conclusion, I propose to give a more detailed account of the
contents of the Chronicles in this volume. Together they cover
a period of 320 years, from 1189 to 1509. For the first two cen¬
turies down to the close of the reign of Richard II they are very
meagre: but the best versions for this period have already been
printed ; and for the fifteenth century, to which the real value of
the Chronicles of London belongs, each of the Chronicles here
given has an interest of its own.
In its earlier portion the first Chronicle, from Cotton. MS.
Julius B II, contains little that is not to be found in H. or G.;
the most striking exception is the statement that during the
troubles of 1381 the hated Flemings were revealed to their enemies
by the shibboleth of ' Brod and Case' instead of ' Bread and
Cheese.' With the year of the deposition of Richard II comes
a notable change, and after a brief account of the landing of
Henry of Lancaster, we have a record of the parliament of 1399,
which is on the whole superior to any other of those still extant.
It bears in itself evidence of being a translation, and this is
proved by the existence in a manuscript in the Bodleian Library
of an incomplete copy of the Latin and French original. Down
to the formal resignation of homage to the dethroned king our
narrative is nearly identical with the official Roll of the Parlia¬
ment ; but it presents occasional variations, which are not un¬
deserving of notice. From this point onwards, like the account
in the Annates Ricardi Secundi, it appears to be derived from
some official source other than the original Roll. The speech of
Thirnyng, which appears both in the Roll and in the Annates, is,
however, omitted. There then follow, as in the Annales, notices
of the appointment of new officers and the ceremonial of the
coronation. But, though the subject-matter is similar, the
narrative presents marked variations: a nearly complete list of
the new Knights of the Bath is given ; the account of the
coronation and the feast is quite different, and though generally
briefer, includes the actual words of the challenge of Dymmok
as the king's champion. When the narrative returns to the pro¬
ceedings in parliament the Chronicle at first closely resembles
1 See p. 341 below.
INTRODUCTION
xxxvii
the Annates, as regards the protestation made by the Speaker.
The most interesting part of our present narrative follows in the
description of the extraordinary scene which arose out of the
charges brought by Sir William Bagot against Aumarle and
other lords of his party. Bagot's Bill is given at length in
English, and the subsequent scene, with the protests of Aumarle
and Exeter, is described with greater minuteness, and with an
apparent fidelity, which seems to stamp it as the work of an eye¬
witness. The proceedings against Halle are then related some¬
what briefly. But the appeal of Aumarle by Fitz-Walter is
given at greater length than in the Annates, though without any
mention of the violence which called for the king's personal in¬
tervention. The statement that Henry gave his old rival, Norfolk,
the Earl Marshal, ' leve to kome fforto darreyne this appele ' is
a novel addition. Next follow various petitions of the Commons;
the judgement of the late king ; the renewed appeals of Aumarle,
Exeter, Salisbury, and others ; and the judgement pronounced
by Thirnyng, in terms which differ from the record in the Roll
and the narrative in the Annates. The fresh protestation by
Salisbury and the intervention of Sir Matthew Gurney appear
to be peculiar to this Chronicle. But like the list of knights, and
other matter not to be found elsewhere among contemporary
writers, this incident is duly recorded by Holinshed, who for his
account of the parliament of 1399 probably had access to some
similar copy of the Chronicles of London. The narrative of the
parliament concludes with various petitions, which are to be
found in a somewhat different form in the Roll, and with
a notice of the dispatch of embassies as recorded in the
Annates1.
With the reign of Henry IV Julius B II resumes a normal
character, though the notices of the Breton landings at Plymouth
and Dartmouth in the fourth and fifth years deserve mention ;
the former is peculiar to this Chronicle. With the eighth year
we reach the most interesting passage in the whole Chronicle in
the text of the Lollards' Bill against the clergy. With the
exception of two brief notices in Walsingham and Otterbourne 2
our knowledge of this famous document has hitherto been due
chiefly to Fabyan. The text as now presented shows that the
version as given by the latter writer is imperfect. Fabyan no
doubt derived his information from a copy of the London
Chronicle ; but finding obscurities in his original he solved them
after his own peculiar and drastic fashion. Walsingham was
clearly acquainted with the English text, and in giving his
reasons for the rejection of the proposal states that the estimate
1 See further note on pp. 291-2 below.
2 And, after a second-hand fashion, of Jack Sharpe's version of it in 1431.
xxxviii CHRONICLES OF LONDON
of the value of the church property, on which it was based, was
found to be incorrect. Now the Bill alleges that the whole of
the temporalties extend to the sum of 322,000 marks a year. It
then gives four groups of bishoprics and religious houses ; the
first three of which are supposed to be worth 100,000 marks
apiece, and the fourth 22,coo marks. But the sum of the third
group is not 100,000, but 120,000 marks; since it includes six
sub-groups of 20,000 marks each. Fabyan, to get over the
difficulty, omitted the last of these sub-groups, and by his re¬
arrangement left the bishoprics of Carlisle and Chichester out
of the account altogether. A few lines higher up he had dis¬
posed of a smaller difficulty in a like manner ; being puzzled no
doubt by the obscurity of ' Grace, Wardon, Ayryell, Waley and
Galey,' he substituted ' and dyuers other to ye nombre v mo.'
Fabyan himself did not endeavour to explain how, after providing
for fifteen earls, 1,500 knights, and 6,200 squires on the proposed
scale, there would be anything left over to secure the king's share
of 20,000/. Even the addition of 100,000 marks wasted by
worldly clerks—another entry which puzzled Fabyan—would
not suffice to f help home' the whole account. I will not
endeavour here to solve the problem1 ; the Bill was clearly the
production of a visionary with only a vague notion of what he
intended. The details of the scheme were borrowed from a tract
written by John Purvey2. Purvey may himself have had a hand
in the Bill, if, as seems probable, he had reverted to Lollardry
before 1410. The suggested foundation of fifteen universities,
a detail which was omitted in Sharpe's Bill, and by Fabyan,
redeems the movement of 1410 (or 1407) from any charge of
sordid 01* socialist intention. But even in the vigorous invective
of its conclusion the Bill is clearly the work of a dreamer with
large ideals, and not in any sense a practical attempt at legislation.
Of the impression which it created we may judge by its revival
over twenty years later. Its inclusion by Fabyan may have
been the cause of the traditional censure of that author's
Chronicle by Cardinal Wolsey. The similar proposal put forward
at the time of the dissolution of the monasteries was probably
borrowed from Fabyan's version of the Lollards' Bill. It will be
observed that in our Chronicle the Bill appears under 1407.
Walsingham assigns it to 1410. The weight of evidence3
favours the later date, and the chronology of our Chronicle is
not sound.
After this the Chronicle reverts once more to its normal
character, and, save for a few casual expressions, contains nothing
of note till the account of Agincourt, which is on similar lines to,
1 I have made a suggestion in the note on p. 296.
2 Fasciculi Zizaniorum, 393. 3 See note on p. 295.
INTRODUCTION
xxxix
but much shorter than, that in H. Under 1417-8 the references
to Pope Martin and the execution of Oldcastle deserve notice.
In the next year the death of the sheriff, John Bryan, is described
with less reticence than in the other versions. In a few other
places J. B II is somewhat fuller than H., which it for the most
part closely resembles. The next passage of note is the account
of the parliament at Leicester in 1426, where the articles and
arbitrament between Gloucester and Beaufort are given at
length. The full text of these documents is otherwise known
only through the copies in the Chronicles of Arnold and Hall.
The variations contained in the present text, though numerous,
are not for the most part of great importance. The Latin list of
the lords spiritual and temporal, however, supplies some correc¬
tions of value. I have given some other noteworthy variations
from the less complete version of Julius B I in the footnotes to
the text.
The only notice in the remainder of the regular Chronicle of
J. B II, which calls for special mention, is that for the ninth year
of Henry VI (1430-1). The account of Jack Sharpe's rising is
fuller than those in H. or G. The London note on the prisoners
in Ludgate is peculiar to this Chronicle and C.
The Chronicle in J. B II concludes with Lydgate's verses
descriptive of the pageants devised by him in celebration of the
little king's return to London in February, 1432. They have
already been printed from Harley MS. 565 (H.) in Nicolas'
Chronicle of London, and from Cotton. MS. Cleopatra C IV (C.)
among Lydgate's Minor Poems by J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps for
the Percy Society. The text of the Julius MS., however, appears
on the whole to be the best, as it is the earliest, of the three. In
the previous editions the three MSS. had been very imperfectly
collated. I have given all the variants of importance in the foot¬
notes, and have added some from the paraphrases of the poem in
G. and in Fabyan. At the same time I have not thought it
necessary to notice mere variations of spelling.
The second Chronicle—Cleopatra C IV—has been mutilated,
and opens abruptly in the midst of the siege of Harfleur with
what looks at first sight like a startling anticipation of Shake¬
speare's famous lines:
Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more ;
Or close the wall up with our English dead.
It tells how a small company of the English advanced ' together
to the gap,' where the king turned and encouraged his men in
a short speech, which I venture to modernize thus : ' My men,
be of good heart; save your breath and keep cool, and come
up at your ease, for with God's help shall we have good tidings.'
xl
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
In the subsequent narrative of the treaty for the surrender of
Harfleur such touches as the description of how Henry ' took
his seat in state as royal as did ever any king, and there was
never Christian king so royal nor so lordly sat in his seat as
did he,' seem to be the veritable words of an eye-witness.
Otherwise the narrative does not in its broad features differ
very markedly from that in Gregory's Chronicle. The lists of
hostages and the itinerary of Agincourt appear to be based on
official or semi-official documents. In the account of the battle
itself we are given a ballad, of which the compiler began, but
fortunately did not finish, a prose paraphrase. The list of
prisoners agrees so closely with one in the—apparently—official
bulletin, which is preserved in the Salisbury town archives, that
we are justified in assuming that it is derived therefrom. The
whole narrative of the year would seem to be the work of one
who took much trouble to collect original materials and
endeavoured somewhat unskilfully to weave them into an
independent narrative. The account of the next year is of
a similar character. The notices of Dorset's raids from Harfleur,
and of the fighting in the marshes of Calais and in Guienne, for
all their brevity, add materially to our knowledge of the year's
history In the description of Sigismund's visit to England we
get a valuable sidelight on the negotiations between the
Emperor, the English King, and the French princes, which
shows, as does no other authority, the popular view of the
proposals.
With this, unhappily, the original writer left off, and the
subsequent narrative down to 1432 is for the most part of
a commonplace character, and, except for the year 1428-9 with
its notices of the fight at Janville, the murder in Whitechapel,
and the Duke of Norfolk's escape from drowning, adds little
to J. B II. The account for 1430-1 is very similar to that in
the previous Chronicle, and under the following year Lydgate's
verses are given in full.
From this point onwards the peculiar interest of C. is renewed.
The writer was clearly more concerned with the incidents of the
war than with domestic affairs, and seems to have had at his
command authentic information from France. His history
begins with how the Duke of Bedford, after the loss of his first
wife, played him about in Picardy, and presently came to
England with his new duchess, and was worthily received of
the mayor and City of London. How the Earl of Arundel won
St. Ceneri in the Christmas time of 1433, an^ in the next
summer the Lord Talbot set Creil-sur-Oise upon a rescue.
How Venables did brigandage in Normandy, what time my
lord was in Paris; and how the churls of Normandy, being
INTRODUCTION
xli
weaponed in self-defence, turned their arms against their
English masters. How Caen was saved by Sir John Fastolf;
and Arundel, after that he had set the country in governance,
went before Gerberoy with a fair company, where the French
took him unawares, and the earl, being hurt with a gun through
the ankle, died of his wound. And how St. Denis was
recovered, and every mother's son in the town taken prisoner,
which would have been a great help to the cause, had not the
sorry doghole of Pont Meulan been lost by treason. Then he
has to tell of the great council of all Christian nations at Arras,
where the Duke of Burgundy falsed his faith, and the French
party cast a train with great treason to have betrayed the
English lords. At this same time died the good Duke of
Bedford, after whose death the land was full of treason, so
that men wist not what to do. Then by excitation of Burgundy
the commons of Caux rose up in rebellion, till their country was
destroyed of men and of all her goods by the English captains,
who evermore drove away the beasts before them, so that
a sheep was sold for a penny and a cow for a shilling. This
was in the winter of 1435-6, at the close of which the Lord
Scales had a full fair distress four leagues out of Rouen. Next
summer Philip of Burgundy laid siege to Calais, with a royal
ordnance of guns and of engines ; but the English fell upon him
manfully, and the Duke fled thence into Picardy-ward cowardly.
Nevertheless the cause of England went badly. In 1437 Thomas
Gerard was forced to yield Montereau to the Dauphin; but had
good cheer of the French prince, because that he was the first
Englishman that ever he had besieged. Montereau might have
been saved, but the council would not let the Duke of York
act, since he had been superseded by the Earl of Warwick, who
all this time was abiding wind and weather by the sea-side in
England, seven times shipped or ever he might pass into
Normandy. There is a touch of pride in the narrative of
Warwick's vigorous action for the relief of Crotoy, when the
English crossed the Somme in the face of the enemy, with the
water up to their chins, and Philip of Burgundy failed to answer
stout John Talbot's challenge, but stole out of Abbeville by
night and fled into Amiens for the more sure town. This was
wellnigh the last English triumph; for though later in this
same year Edmund Beaufort took St. Aignan and St. Julien
de Vouvantes in Maine, the fruits of his campaign were soon
lost by misgovernance. In the last end of August, 1438, our
ships before Harfleur were lost through treason ; for there came
upon them forty-two ships, with four thousand men on board,
flying the standard of St. George in the top-castle like
English ships. Save for a brief reference to the sending of
xlii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Huntingdon to Guienne in 1439 the martial Chronicle here
comes to an end. Its contents are not only of interest in them¬
selves as one of the best of the scanty narratives of the war from
the English side, but also of value as supplementing at various
points the fuller accounts of the French writers. It is clear,
however, that Edward Hall had used this or some similar
Chronicle1.
The few notices of events in England which are given in C.
between 1432 and 1438 include little which cannot be found
more fully in the other Chronicles like G. and H. But under
1438 we have an account of the damage done by a storm in
London, which seems to be peculiar, and the notice of the
mercantile legislation of 1439 is fuller than those in G. or V.
The peculiar part of C. ends with the eighteenth year of
Henry VI, in 1440. The narrative for the last three years—
1440-3—comes from H., and affords no variant of interest,
except for the substitution of the Isle of Man for Chester, as
the place where Eleanor Cobham was confined. Since Eleanor
does not seem to have been sent to Man till 1446, we thus
obtain an indication of the earliest date at which the final
portion of C.—1421-43—can have been compiled from its older
originals.
More than forty years ago Dr. Gairdner expressed a hope
that the Vitellius Chronicle would not long remain accessible
only in manuscript2. Its value as one of the best contemporary
records of the reign of Henry VII has been recognized by other
authorities, and it has been made full use of by Dr. Busch in his
England 7inder the Ttidors. If it cannot now appear with the
charm of novelty, its established reputation will more than justify
its inclusion in this volume.
The narrative for 1439-40 belongs, as already explained, to the
first Chronicle of the MS. written about 1455, and is printed
here on account of its superiority to the corresponding passage
of G. For the period from 1440 to 1485 the second Chronicle
comes in the main from the same source as Fabyan. Its interest
is in consequence rather literary than historical, and it is valuable
chiefly for the evidence which it furnishes of that writer's methods.
Attention is called in the Notes3 to the chief variations between
the two Chronicles, and I have already commented upon the
relation of Fabyan's work to the Vitellius Chronicle4. Here
I need only point out that most of the passages peculiar to the
Vitellius Chronicle occur in the earlier years. There are only two
1 References will be found in the notes to parallel passages both in Hall
and in the French chroniclers.
2 Preface to Memorials of Henry VII, p. lxiv.
3 See pp. 313-20 below. 4 See p. xxxii above.
INTRODUCTION
xliii
of any importance of later date than 1472. The passages in
question relate chiefly to small details, which may have appeared
to Fabyan to be of slight importance. The references to the
mass meeting at Clerkenwell which acclaimed Edward IV in
1461, and to the bills set up in London by Warwick and
Clarence in 1470, are noteworthy1. It should also be observed
that for the years 1454-6 the Vitellius Chronicle comes from
a different source to Fabyan.
The common original of the Vitellius Chronicle and of
Fabyan's original work ended probably with 1485. But the
second Chronicle of our MS. is continued in the same hand to
1496, and thus covers the first eleven years of the reign of Henry
VII. For the first five years the Chronicle is very brief.
Under the sixth and seventh years we get ordinances of the
Common Council on the election of the Chamberlains and the
Bridge-masters, and on the administration of the estates of
Orphans. In the eighth year comes a notice of the riot at the
Steelyard. For the last three years—1493-6—the Chronicle is
much fuller, and the long passages on the conspiracy of Sir
William Stanley and the landing of Perkin Warbeck in Kent
are of particular value2. But the writer has no more to tell than
would be of common notoriety to any intelligent citizen. The
trials and executions are set down in order without much
comment. Since chronology requires it, the account of the
Kentish disturbance is twice interrupted to record the arrest of
a Dr. Draper and the dispensing of one William Bull from
service as sheriff3. Politics in themselves seem to have attracted
the writer no more, and perhaps less, than the execution of
heretics4, the punishment of common offenders and fraudulent
dealers5, or the conviction of a youth who had played the
confidence trick with two boxes, the one filled with stones and
rubbish, the other with beads and things of good value6. If he
had any special interest it was perhaps in festivities like the
Twelfth Night disguising in 1494, the Sergeants Feast at the end
of that year, or the great jousts in honour of the little Duke of
York7. Still, he had a merchant's eye for more practical
matters. Notes of prices are given8. Loans to the king, and
their manner of assessment, are recorded9. The commercial
difficulties with Flanders receive an amount of attention, which
may possibly imply that the writer was personally interested10.
Especially noteworthy is the account of the objection taken by
the Common Council to the terms of the Magnus Intercursas in
1 See pp. 173, 180. 2 pp. 203, 206. 3 p. 206.
4 pp. 200, 208, 211. 8 pp. 198, 205, 208. 6 p. 211.
7 PP- 197, 200, 202, 208. 8 pp. 196, 199, 205, 208.
9 PP- 193, 194, 195- 10 PP- 193, 198, 200, 208.
xliv
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
1496, and of the personal bond which Sir Henry Colet, the
mayor, had to give in consequencex.
With the twelfth year a fresh Chronicle begins. Although more
than one-third of the whole is devoted to an account of the
pageants and festivities on the occasion of the marriage of
Catherine of Aragon2, the narrative for the seven years comprised
in this section is still the fullest of all the Chronicles here printed.
In its general character it is very similar to the concluding part
of the previous Chronicle. But though there is the same diary¬
like adherence to strict chronological order, the narrative is less
bald, and has at times something of a personal note. Whoever
the writer may have been it is clear that he had access to good
sources of information, and there are certain peculiarities which
seem to mark him as an alderman, or high official of the
corporation. Time after time the narrative is said to be derived
from certain tidings brought unto the mayor, or certain tidings
from the king unto the mayor, or even ' veray tydynges' that
came unto the king3. Under the fifteenth year is given the full
text of the letter which Henry sent to the mayor reporting the
progress of his negotiations with the Archduke Philip4. The
decease or resignations of aldermen are carefully recorded5.
The accounts of court festivities appear to be written by one
who was present as a representative of the City; he had surely
heard the wise and discreet answer which Prince Arthur gave to
the mayor6, had seen and admired the costly dress of the
courtiers at Catherine's reception7, and appreciated the excellent
seats with which the corporation were provided at St. Paul's
and the courteous service of the mayor and aldermen at the
banquet in the prince's house8. No doubt also the new dignity,
which Sir John Shaa gave to the mayor's procession and feast,
met with his approval9. We may fairly suppose that he was
present at the dinner to the ambassadors of Scotland, and
heard William Dunbar recite his ballad in praise of London, of
which he has preserved the only copy10.
If these and other like incidents appealed most strongly to the
writer's mediaeval taste for pageantry and pride in civic state,
he could also take a wider interest. His accounts of the Cornish
rising and of Perkin Warbeck are amongst the fullest and most
valuable that we possess, and are not confined solely to what
happened in the immediate neighbourhood of London. If he
does not go deeply into the causes of things, criticism is not
entirely wanting; thus after giving the alleged reason for the
Cornish rising he remarks: ' this was their owteward Colour,
1 p. 209. 2 pp. 234-53. 3 PP- 213, 214, 217, 218, 222, 233.
4 pp. 229-31. 6 pp. 222, 223, 225, 226. 6 p. 224.
7 P- 249- 8 PP- 249, 250. 9 p. 234. 10 pp. 253-5.
INTRODUCTION
xlv
what their Inward intent was God knoweth, but what hath
ensued of like besynesse is euydent, as by Jak Strawe, Jak Cade,
and other1.' When he has to record the death of Cardinal
Morton he commemorates him as ' a man worthi of memory for
his many greate Actes and specially for his greate wisdom. . . .
In our tyme was no man lyke to be compared with hym in all
thynges, albeit that he lyved not withoute the greate disdayn and
greate haterede of the commons of this land 2.' At the same
time it must be admitted that he is cautious in his language, and
though notes on political events are not infrequent, as on the
negotiations with Scotland or with Maximilian, the occasion for
them is generally found in references to taxation or to procla¬
mations made in the City3. The Earl of Suffolk is several
times referred to 4, but no mention is made of the reason of his
flight, or of Henry VII's anxiety on his account. It is perhaps
worthy of note that neither he nor the other writers ever
mention Empson and Dudley by name, though some allusions
to their extortions occur5. No doubt they had good reason
for their reticence. The times were not meet for men to write
freely what they thought; they wrote only what it was safe for
them to write, and let others read.
The writer of the Chronicle for the years 1496-1503 preserved
the commercial interests of his predecessor. He continues the
notes of prices, of the punishment of fraudulent dealers, and of
legislation that affected the mercantile community, as in the
ordinance for foreign brokers passed in 1499 6- Most notable
of all are his two references to the discovery of the Newfound
Island by Bristol merchants. They are tantalizing for what they
leave untold, and the writer can have had no understanding of
their pregnant interest. Still, such as they are, they stand
almost alone in the Chronicles of the time. They are, I believe,
the true originals of the famous and much discussed statements
of Stow and Hakluyt. They have been printed long ago, and
much debated. But for their correct appreciation they require
to be considered with due regard to their position in a chrono¬
logically exact record. They will be dealt with more fully in the
Notes7.
The third Vitellius Chronicle ends abruptly in April, 1503.
Probably this marks approximately the date at which our copy
was written, though it is possible that the original was carried
a little further8. The continuation which follows—for 1503-10—
is of an altogether inferior character. The narrative for seven
1 p. 216. 2 p. 232.
4 PP- 233, 258, 259.
pp. 212, 223, 225, 226, 233, 257.
8 See p. 339 below.
8 pp. 222 and 257-60.
6 pp. 205, 260, 262.
7 bee pp. 327-30 and 337-8.
xlvi
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
years is contained in three pages of bald and meagre notes. The
record of fires in the City, two notices of the price of alum, some
references to coinage and taxation, and a few allusions to the
exactions of Empson and Dudley nearly exhaust its interest.
The brief notice for 1515-16 was probably inserted by the
then owner of the volume. It calls for no comment, except for
its praise of the wisdom and gentleness of Archbishop Warham,
with a possible reflection by contrast on Wolsey.
In the first section of the Appendix I have given a collation
of the chief variations of the first Chronicle in Vitellius A XVI
from the corresponding portion of Gregory's Chronicle. The
majority of them are of textual value only, though they supply
some useful corrections. A few notes, however, deserve attention.
Under 1387 is recorded the birth of Henry V ; this is one of the
earliest direct notices with which I am acquainted, and supports
the accepted date1. In noticing the death of the Prior of
Tiptree at the crush on the bridge, when Isabel of Valois entered
the City, it is stated that the bridge had since been kept (on like
occasions) by men of arms 2. To the notice of the disturbance
caused by the king's sons in Eastcheap in 1410 it is added that
in consequence taverns and cook-shops were forbidden to keep
open after nine o'clock3. The notices of the triumph of
Henry V after Agincourt; of the reception of the news in the
City ; and of how the mayor on this occasion went on foot to
take his charge at Westminster, but came home merrily, riding
as he was wont to do, deserve attention4. There are a few
other small points in the accounts of Sigismund's visit to
England, and of the execution of Oldcastle5. A confused
passage in Gregory's Chronicle (p. 163) under 1428-9 receives cor¬
rection 6. Some small details are supplied in the account of the
coronation of Henry VI7.
The second Appendix contains a list of the lords, knights,
and gentlemen, who were slain in England from the death
of Duke Humphrey in 1447 down to 1489. This comes
from a copy written about 1490 at the end of the Vitellius
MS. The main narrative is a dreary catalogue of death. It
ends, however, with a short notice of the rising in Yorkshire in
1489, and an interesting account of Daubeney's fight at Dixmude,
when my lord leapt down from his horse, and waded through the
ditches up to the armpits, and all his fellowship with him.
In the third Appendix is given the narrative for the years
1433-5 and 1427-8 from Cotton. Julius B I. This includes all
1 See the writer's Henry V, p. 13, and p. 267 below.
2 id. 3 p. 268. 4 pp. 269-70.
5 p. 270. 6 p. 273. 7 p. 274.
INTRODUCTION
xlvii
the important part of that Chronicle which has not already been
published. The most valuable portion is the notice for the first
of these years, with a solemn harangue from the speaker to the
infant king-, a full account of the obscure treason of Sir John
Mortimer, and some brief but novel notes on English successes
in Guienne. The narratives of the other two years are occupied
chiefly with English versions of the financial enactments ; they
add nothing to the Rolls of the Parliaments ; but they have an
interest of their own as showing that the London Chronicles
were of practical value to their owners, and as illustrating the
original of Fabyan's Chronicle. Under 1424-5 the appointment
for the surrender of Mans is given ; I have not thought it
necessary to print the actual treaty, which is of the ordinary
type, but have given the somewhat unctuous preamble.
In the Notes I have dealt chiefly with matters illustrating the
history of London1, or the text of the Chronicles. Questions
of general history I have not for the most part attempted
to discuss at length; but the references I have given to other
authorities will, I hope, be of service. I must not in this connexion
omit to record my special obligations to Mr. Wylie's History of
England wider Henry IV; to Sir James Ramsay's Lancaster and
York ; to Dr. Busch's England wider the Tudors; to Dr. Gard¬
ner's Life and Reign of Richard III, and to the Prefaces of
Chronicles, &c., edited by him ; and to Mr. Wheatley's London
Past and Present.
In the Glossary I have aimed at including not only those
archaic or obsolete words which require explanation, but also all
words the use of which in the text appears to be in some way
noteworthy. To the expert knowledge of my friend and
colleague Mr. Thomas Darlington, one of His Majesty's In¬
spectors of Schools, I am indebted for many valuable suggestions.
Any full discussion of the linguistic character of the Chronicles
would not fall within the scope of this volume. I will only point out
that the three Chronicles are in style, grammar, and orthography
typical specimens of fifteenth-century English. Between them
they illustrate the progressive development of the language, from
the most archaic passage in the first ten pages of the Cleopatra
Chronicle to the most modern part of Vitellius written in the
opening years of the sixteenth century. The Julius Chronicle,
with its frequent mixture of dialectical forms, belongs evidently
to a time when the selective process which has produced modern
English was not far advanced. Southern forms, such as ' here.'
' htm,' alternate freely with the northern ' theyre,' ' them.' In
the main part of Cleopatra the forms in th greatly preponderate.
1 I have endeavoured to make the Index as full as possible on London
history and topography.
xlviii
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
When we come to Vitellius, the oldest parts of which must be
as late as 1470, the forms in h have disappeared altogether.
The plan which forms the frontispiece is a reproduction of
Ryther's map of 1604, which is one of the oldest plans of the
City. It represents of course the London of Stow rather than of
the Chronicles; but the topographical changes had not been very
extensive, and its pictorial and authentic character gives it an
interest which no conjectural restoration could possess.
It is my last and pleasant duty to thank the Worshipful
Companies of Goldsmiths and Merchant Taylors for the liberal
assistance which has made possible the publication of these
ancient records of their City.
C. L. K.
July, 1905.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
I. JULIUS BII
Nomina Custodum et Balliuorum tempore Regis Ricardi f.
primi, videlicet Anno domini Millesimo Centesimo
Octogesimo nono, In London.
Henricus de Cornhyll
Ricardus ffilius Renery
Johannes Herlyon
Rogerus Le Due
Willelmus de Hauerhull
Johannes Bugoynt
Richardus Duket
Petrus Newlyn
Rogerus Le Due
Ricardus ffitz Aleyn
Willelmus ffilius Isabell
Willelmus ffilius Arnulphi
Robertus Besaunt
Jokell Le Joesne
Gerard De Antioche
Robertus Duraunt
Rogerus Le Blount
Richardus Duket
Constantinusffilius Arnulphi
Robertus Beel
Anno Primo.
Anno Secundo.
Anno Tercio.
Anno quarto.
Anno quinto.
Anno Sexto.
Anno Septimo.
Anno Octauo.
Anno Nono.
Anno Decimo.
Nomina Custodum et Balliuorum tempore Regis Johannis,
videlicet Anno Domini Millesimo Centesimo Nona-
gesimo Nono.
Arnaldus ffilius Arnulphi ) A t> •
Ricardus ffilius Barthi / Ann0 Pr,m0'
KINGSFORD J}
3
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Jacobus ffilius Barthi. Alderman ) A c ,
-r. > Anno becundo.
Rogerus Deserte j
Willelmus ffilius Alicie ) A t- •
c j aij u >AnnoTercio.
Symon de Aldermanbury )
In this same yere, that is to say the yere off oure Lorde Ml CC. ij,
there were greete Reynes and eke Thundres. And also there
ffylle grete hayles, ffor ther kome adovne with the Reyne out of
the eyre hayle-Stones ffoure Squayre, as grete as eny eyren ;
wher thurh bothe Trees, Vynes and Cornes were ffully dystroyed,
and men were sore afferde. And furthermore ffoules were
y-seyn ffleynge in the eyre, and beryng coles in her bylles, that
weren cause off brennynge off many houses.
Normanus Blundus ) A
t u * tt>i > Anno quarto.
Johannes de Ely J n
Walterus Broune | A
Willelmus Chamberleyn J nno cluin °*
f. 5ro The same yere, that is to say the yere off our Lorde IVPCC. iiij,
kome Inne ffirst the Ordre off the ffreres Prechours. And also
this same yere was a Riht Sharpe Wynter, ffor yt dured con-
tynuelly ffro Newe yeris day vnto our Lady in Lenten.
Thomas de Hauehyll } A c
HamoBrounde } Anno Sexto.
Tohannes Walgrave ) A c
Ricardus de Wynton j nno eP imo'
Tohannes Holylande ) A ^ ,
Edmundus ffillius Gerardi J nno c auo'
Rogerus de Wynchestre I A
t-j j it j ii >AnnoNono.
Edmundus Hordell j
And all thes men here before weren but Kepers and Bayllyffes
off this Citee off London. And here begyneth the ffirst meire
that euer was in London.
/Petrus Buke ) A ta •
Thomas ffilius Neel 1Anno Decim0-
Petrus ffilius
Aldewini -j
primus Maior
Petrus Le Joesne ) A ,r , .
Willelmus Le Blounde } Anno Vndeeimo.
Adam Whytby ) A ^ j •
Stephanus de Gras } Anno Du°-decmo.
Tocenus ffilius Petri ) A , .
Johannes Gerland ) Ann0 tocio-deamo.
I. JULIUS B II, 1200-1328
3
Petrus ffilius f Constantinus Le Joesne ) . , , . , „
Aldewini | Ricardus Eylylande |Ann0 q^rto-decimo. f. 5'
Rogerus ffilius ( Martinus ffilius Alisie ) . . , , .
Adam | Petrus Batte } Anno qu.nto-dec.mo.
In this yere that ys to say the yere off oure Lorde M1 CC. xiiij
beganne the Ordre off Menoures.
c 1 t hi ( Salamon de Basyng ) A c , , .
Serlo Le Mercer | Hugh de Basyn^ s JAnno Sexto-decimo.
Hugh de Basyng
™.elmusHarde,l{arNeXd
| AnnoDecimo-septimo.
In this same yere Dyed Kyng John,
in the Tovne off Worcestre.
And he was buryed
Basyng
Serlo Le ,
Mercer \
| Anno Secundo.
| Anno Tercio.
| Anno quarto.
| Anno quinto.
Nomina Maiorum et Vicecomitum London, tempore
Regis Henrici Tercii, videlicet Anno Domini Millesimo
Duocentesimo Sexto Decimo.
Salamon de ( Benet Le Seynturer ) A -r, .
\ Willelmus de Blountourners / Anno Pnma
/ Thomas Bokerell
Radulphus Elylond
Johannes Vyell
Johannes Le Spicer
Ricardus Wymbuldene
Johannes Vyell
Ricardus Renger
Johannes Le Joesne
In this same yere, that ys to say vpon Seynt Lukys Day, ther
Blewe a grete Wynde out off the North Est, that ouerthrewe
many an house and also Turrettes and Chirches, and fferde
ffoule with the Woddes and Mennys Orcherdes. And also fyrye
Dragons and Wykked Spyrites weren many seyn, merveyllously
ffleynge in the eyre.
Ricardus Renger
Thomas Lambert
Willelmus Joyner
Thomas Lambert
Johannes Trauers
Andreas Bukerell
Rogerus Duk
Martinus ffilius Willelmi
B 2
f.6r0
Ricardus
Renger
| Anno Sexto.
| Anno Septimo.
) Anno Octauo et
J Nono.
") Anno Decimo et
/ Vndecimo.
4
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Stephanus Bokerell
Henricus de Cokham
T-> 1 I Walterus de Winton
ogerus u -{ j^0^ertus ffiiius Johannis
Robertus ffilius Walteri
Johannes Wobourn
^Michael de Sancta Elena
Walterus de Buffelde
Henricus de Edelmeton
Gerardus Batte
Simon ffilius Marie
Rogerus Le Blount
Andreas J Radulphus Ashwy
Bokerelle") Johannes Norman
Gerardus Batte
Robertus Hardell
Henricus Cobham
Jordanus de Couentre
.Johannes Tolesano
Gervasius Le Cordewanere
") Anno Duodecimo
j etTercio-Decimo.
) Anno quarto-
j decimo.
) Anno quinto-
) decimo.
) Anno Sexto-
j decimo.
) Anno decimo-
J septimo.
) Anno decimo-
j octauo.
j- Anno decimo-nono.
}
Anno Vicesimo.
Ricardus (
Renger |
Willelmus i
Joynour (
Ricardus/
Batte (
Renerius de j
Bungey (
Renerius de (
Bungey (
Radulphus f
Ashwy (
Michaell def
Tony (
Johannes
Gysors
Petrus ffilius \
Alani 1
Johannes Goundres
Johannes de Wylhale
Renerius de Bungey
Radulphus Ashwy
Johannes Gysors
Michaell Tony
Johannes Vyell
Thomas Duresme
Johannes ffitz John
Radulphus Ashwy
Hugo Blount
Adam de Basyng
Radulphus Spicer
Nicholaus Batte
Robertus Cornhill
Adam de Benteley
Simon ffitz Marie
Laur. ffrowyk
Johannes Vyell
Nicholaus Batte
Nicholaus ffilius Jocey
Galfridus Wynchestre
1 Anno Vicesimo-
J primo.
) Anno Vicesimo
J secundo.
) Anno Vicesimo-
j Tercio.
) Anno Vicesimo-
) quarto.
) Anno Vicesimo-
J quinto.
) Anno Vicesimo-
J sexto.
) Anno Vicesimo-
J septimo.
) Anno Vicesimo-
J octauo.
) Anno Vicesimo-
j nono.
| Anno Tricesimo.
) Anno Tricesimo-
/ primo.
) Anno Tricesimo-
J secundo.
) Anno Tricesimo-
J tercio.
I. JULIUS BII, 1228-1265
5
Petrus ffilius
Alani
Adam
Basyng
Johannes De
Tholosane
Nicholaus
Batte
Reginaldus
Hardell
Radulphus Hardell
Johannes Tholosane
Humfridus Baas
Willelmus ffilius Ricardi
j Laur. ffrowyk
( Nicholaus Batte
f Willelmus Durham
\ Thomas Wymburn
j Johannes Norhampton
( Ricardus Pycarde
( Radulphus Ashwy
Robertus Delynton
Stephanus Doo
Henricus Walmond
Michaell Bokerell
Johannes Le Mynour
Ricardus Ewell
Willelmus Ashwy
) Anno Tricesimo-
j quarto.
) Anno Tricesimo-
j quinto.
} Anno Tricesimo-
j Sexto.
) Anno Tricesimo-
j Septimo.
) Anno Tricesimo-
J Octauo.
) Anno Tricesimo-
j nono.
) Anno quadra-
J gesimo
) Anno quadrage-
j simo-primo.
) Anno quadrage-
) simo-Secundo.
In this same yere, that ys to say off our Lorde IVPCC. lviij,
there ffelle a Jewe into a pryvy in the Tovne off Teukesbury on
a Saturday. And he wolde nat suffre hymsylff to be drawen
out ffor reuerence off his Sabot. And Sir Rich, off Clare that
tyme was Erie of Gloucestre heryng heroff wolde nat suffre hym
to be drawen out on the Sonday thanne next sewyng ffor
reuerence off his halyday. And so he made an ende off his lyff
abydyng in the pryvy.
Radulphus
Hardell
Johannes Gysors
Thomas ffitz Richard
Robertus Cateloigne
Johannes Adryan
Robertus Cornhill
/ Adam Brovnyng
Willelmus ffitz j Henricus Couentre
Richard ) Johannes Norhampton
\ Ricardus Pycarde
''Johannes Tayllour
Ricardus Walhook
Robertus Mounpylers
Osbertus Southefelde
Gregorius de Rokesle
Thomas De la fforde
Thomas ffitz
Thomas
Anno
xliij0.
Anno
xliv0.
Anno
xlvt0.
Anno
xlvjt0.
Anno
xlvijm0.
Anno
xlviij0.
Anno
xlix0.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Thomas ffitz j
Thomas (
Willelmus ffitz f
Richard, Custos (
Alanus Souche, f
Custos (
Custodes |
Hugh ffitz Thomas j
Johannes Adryan,
Maior
Edwardus Blount
Petrus Aungier
Johannes Lynde
Johannes Waterman
Johannes Adryan
Lucas Batencourt
Water us Hervy
Willelmus Duresme
Thomas Basyng
Robert Cornhyll
Walterus Porter
Philippus Tayllour
Gregorius de Rokesle
Henricus Walssh
Walterus Hervy, j Johannes Buddele
Miles ( Ricardus Parys
Anno quinqua-
gesimo.
Anno lj°.
Anno lij°.
Anno liij°.
Anno liiijt0.
Anno lv°.
Anno lvj°.
Anno lvij0.
In this yere dyed Kyng Henry the thrydde, And lyeth
y-buryed at Westmynstre.
Nomina Maiorum et Vicecomitum London, tempore
Regis Edwardi, ffilii Regis Henrici, Anno Domini
Millesimo cclxxiiijto.
Walterus j Johannes Home
Hervy \ Walterus Potter
Henricus f Nicholaus Wynchestre
Waleys { Henricus Couentre
/Lucas Batencourt
Herry ffrowyk
Johannes Home
Ricardus Blount
Gregorius De
Rokesle
Robertus de Aras
Radulphus ffeuerer
Johannes Adryan, Joynour
Willelmus Lengleys
Robertus Basyng
Willelmus le Mazerer
Thomas Box
Radulphus at More
Willelmus fforndon
* Nicholaus Wynton
Anno Primo.
Anno Secundo.
Anno Tercio.
Anno Quarto.
Anno Quinto.
Anno Sexto.
Anno Septimo.
Anno Octavo.
Anno Nono.
I. JULIUS B II, 1265-1296
7
/ Willelmus le Mazerer
Henricus ) Ricardus Chikewell
Mazerer j Ricardus Blount
\ Anketinus Betmell
Henricus J Jordanus Goodeschep
Mazerer ) Martinus Box
j-Anno Decimo.
| Anno Vndecimo.
| Anno Duodecimo.
f. 9ro
Stephanus Cornhyll ) Anno Tercio
Robertus Rokesle
Gregorius Rokesly J Walterus Bl°unt
I Johannes Wade
Vsque diem Veneris in fifes- Thomas Groos
to Apostolorum Petri et YVn1t#»rn«s Awripnp
Pauli tunc proximo se- \ Walterus Awdene
quente: Et abinde Radulphus de Sandewico Vsque diem Lune prox. post
ffestum purificacionis beate Marie, Anno Quarto Decimo. Et eius loco
Johannis Breton, Custos, vsque diem Sancte Margarete, Anno Quinto
Decimo.
j decimo.
\ Anno Quarto-
j decimo.
I Anno Quinto-
j decimo.
Radulphus de
Sandewico,
Custos,
Vsque in Castrinum
Sancti Barnabi A-
postoli Anno xxij0.
/Willelmus Herforde
Thomas Stanes
Willelmus de Beteyne
Johannes de Cantuar.
ffulco de Sancto Edmundo
Saloman de Langeforde
Thomas Romeyn
Willelmus Deleyre
Radulphus Blount
Hamo Box
Henricus Le Bele
^Elyas Russell
Idem Radulphus, f Robertus Rokesle, Junior
Custos ( Martinus Aumsbury
r Henricus Box
Johannes Breton, J Ricardus Gloucetre
Custos j Johannes Dunstaple
\ Adam Halyngbury
) Anno Sexto-
J decimo.
| Anno Decimo-
J Septimo.
) Anno Decimo-
j Octavo.
) Anno Decimo-
J Nono.
| Anno Vicesimo.
) Anno Vicesimo-
J primo.
| Anno xxij0.
| Anno xxiij0.
| Anno xxiiij0.
f-9v
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off our Lorde
M1 CC. iiijxx xvij, Kyng Edward toke the Castell off Edynburgh.
And ther Inne he ffonde the Regalles off Skotland, that ys to
wytte his Crovne off Golde and his Septre; the which be the
same kyng wern y-offred to Seint Edward at Westm'. the morwe
affter Seint Botulphis Day.
8
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f. IOr'
! Thomas de Sufif'.
Adam de ffulham
Johannes Storteforde
Willelmus Storteforde
Henricus Walys, / Ricardus Refifham
Maior ( Thomas Sely
I Johannes Armenters
Elyas Russell, \ Henricus ffryngrye
Maior J Lucas de Haveryng
\ Ricardus Chaumpes
Robertus Callere
Petrus de Bosynho
Johannes Blunt, J Hugo Pourte
Miles, Custos | Symon Parys
Willelmus Combemartyn
^ Johannes Burforde
Anno xxvt0.
Anno xxvjt0.
Anno xxvij0.
Anno xxviij0.
Anno xxix0.
Anno xxx°.
Anno xxxj0.
Anno xxxij0.
In this same yere, that ys to say the xxxij yere off Kyng
Edward the ffirst, And in the yere off oure Lorde M1 CCC. v, were
alle the Templers dystroyed on oon day thurh alle Cristendome.
(Rogerus de Parys ) A
t u i t j r Anno xxxni0.
Johannes de Lyndon j J
Willelmus Cosyn ) A ....0
Radulphus Thunderle j nn0 XXX111J
Galfridus Conductu ) A „
Symon By let }Anno xxxv».
In this same yere dyed Kyng Edward the ffirst, and lyeth
Worshipfully buryed at Westm'.
Nomina Maiorum et Vicecomitum tempore Regis Ed-
wardi secundi, Anno Domini Millesimo ccc.vijm0.
f. ioTO Johannes f Nicholaus Pykot
Blunt, Maior ( Nigellus Drury
Nicholaus J Willelmus Basyng
ffaryngdon ( Jacobus Botyller
Thomas / Rogerus Palmer ) . t •
Romeynj Jacobus de Sancto Edmundo j nno lerc,°-
/ Simon Corke
Ricardus J Petrus Blakeney
Reffham j Simon Merworth
\ Ricardus Wylford
| Anno Primo.
VAnno Secundo.
>Anno Quarto.
j Anno Quinto.
I. JULIUS B II, 1296-1337
9
Johannes / Johannes Lambyn
Gysors ( Adam Lutekyn
Nicholaus/ Robertus Burdeyn
ffaryndon ( Hugo de Gardon
Johannes / Stephanus Abyngdon
Gysors ( Hamo Chekewell
Stephanus/ Hamo Goodchepe
Abyngdon j Willelmus Boodeleyh
| Anno Sexto.
| Anno Septimo.
| Anno Ottauo.
>• Anno Nono.
In this same yere ther was a grete derth off Corn thurh owte
Ingelonde, ffor a Busshell off Whete was worth v.s Sterlynges.
r Willelmus Causton ) A .
T . ( -p,. , -r, 1 > Anno Decimo.
Johannes ) Ricardus Balaunser j
Wyngraue (vndedm°-
Idem Johannes/ Johannes Poyntell
Wyngrave ( Johannes Dallyng
| Anno Duodecimo.
f. 111
In this same yere was Thomas Erie off Lancastre byheeded
and lyeth bysydes Pountfret in a chapell.
Hamo Chykwell j f™on Abyngdon
J ( Johannes de Preston
Nicholaus/ Willelmus Prodehome
ffaryngdon ( Ricardus de Conductu
/ Ricardus Constantyn
TT r-i , 1, \ Ricardus de Hakeney
amo C y ewell j johanneg de Grantham | Anno Sexto-
\ Rogerus de Ely
Nicholaus / Adam Salysbury
ffaryngdon ( Johannes Oxenford
Hamo Chykwell ( Benedictus de ffulham
Johannes de Causton
) Anno Tercio-
j decimo.
) Anno Quarto-
j decimo.
) Anno Quinto-
J decimo.
anno mtegro et parte
alterius anni et Ricard- ) GilbertUS Mordon
us Beteyn
j decimo.
) Anno Decimo-
j Septimo.
) Anno Decimo-
j Ottauo.
| Annodecimonono.
Johannes de Coton
In this same yere dyed Kyng Edward the Seconnde, and
lyeth y-buryed at Gloucestre.
Nomina Maiorum et VicecomitumLondon, tempore Regis
Edwardi Tercii, Videlicet Anno Domini Millesimo
CCC.xxvjto.
Ricardus Beteyn{
f. II'
f. I 2r
IO CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Hamo Chykewell { "Xnnes Haufeyn } Anno Secundo-
Johannes / Simon ffraunceys jAnno Tercio.
Grantham ( Henncus Combemartyn J
In this same yere was prince Edward y-bore at Wodstok
in the fifeste off Seint Vite et Modeste. And also this same yere
was Sire Roger Mortymer drawen and hanged ffor treson, at was
putted to hym.
Simon Swayland { HeTrkus Gysors } Ann0 quart0'
Johannes Pulteneyj ThomlsH^rwofde }Ann0 quint°'
In this same yere the Tovne and the Castell off Berwyk was
y-yolden vnto Kyng Edward.
Johannes J Johannes Mokkyng ) AnnQ Sext04
Fulteney ( Andr. Awbrey j
Johannes f Nieholaus Pyke Unno Septimo.
Preston ( Johannes Housbonde J
Radulphus J Johannes Hamond ) AnnQ Qctava
Conductu ( Willelmus Hanserd j
( fehf"neS £yfn 1 Anno Nono.
Johannes \ Walterus Turke j
fulteney Walterus Mordon i AnnQ Dedm0
\ Radulphus de Vpton j
Johannes < Willelmus Brykelysworth j AnnQ Vndecim0.
Pulteney, Maior ( Johannes Northehalle j
In this same yere was a grete moreyne off beestes and off
men and grete habundance off Reynes, wher thurh ther kome so
grete a derthe off Corn that a quarter off Whete was solde ffor
xl. s. sterl.
/ Walterus Noel ) A „ „ .
„ . „ ( Willelmus Pountfrete j Anno Duo-Decimo.
Henncus Darsy < ,T. , , ~ '
J j Nieholaus Craue ) A -
I Hugh Marberer } AnnoTercio-Decrmo.
In this same yere Kyng Edward changed hys Armes by the
Councell off his lande.
Andr. Awbrey | } Anno Quarto-Decimo.
In this same yere Kyng Edward lete make the Coyne off
I. JULIUS BII, 1327-1349
11
Golde, that ys fforto say the noble, the halfF noble, and the
fferthing. And this yere on Seynt Andrewys day at evene
kome Kyng Edward ffrom by yonde the See by nyht to the
Towre off London, and ther he toke meny lordes and putte hem
in prison. And this same yere was the Batayll off Scluse in
fflaundres vpon the See, that ys to say the yere off oure Lorde
M1 CCC. xl yere.
a 1 a l f Adam Lucas ) Anno Quinto-
Andr. Awbry{Barthus Marreys j Dec^
Johannes Oxenford ( \
Pro parte anni et Simon Ricardus Borkyng I Anno Sexto-
ffraunceys pro Residuo ) Johannes Rokesby i Decimo.
illius anni \ /
c. rc f Johannes Loukyn ) Anno Decimo-
Simon ffraunceys j JRicardus Lesy/gbury } Septimo.
In this same yere was a grete Erthe qvake.
T , T-r , ( Johannes Syward ) Anno Decimo-
Johannes Hamond j JJohannes Aylesham } Octavo.
/ Galfridus Wythyngham ) Anno Decimo-
Ricardus Lazar Thomas Leggy > Nono-
JlVivd 1 Ll Uo 1 Jci/JCLL \ 1 ^ y 1 1 n
i Edmundus Hemenhale
I Johannes Gloucetre
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off oure lorde
M1 CCC. xlvj, In the vije Kalendis off Septembre, was the Bataylle
off Cressy. And also in the same yere byganne the Sege off
Caleys ; videlicet, tercio Idus Septembris. And also the same
yere was Davyd, the kyng off Scotland, taken at the Bataylle off
Durham.
Galfridus Wythyngham { ^^Croydon } Anno xxj°"
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off oure Lorde f.
M1 CCC xlvij, the Sege off Caleys was endyd, aboute Seint
Bertylmes tyde ; And the tovn and the Castell yolden vnto
Kyng Edward.
Thomas Leggy I ■?r°^SOn. , lAnnoxxij0.
&&/ ( Ricardus Basyngstoke j J
Johannes Loukyn | g^n DeMy} Anno xxiij°'
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off oure Lorde
| Anno Vicesimo.
12
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
M1 CCC xlviij, yt reyned contynuelly ffor the most partye ffro
Seint John day Baptist vnto Cristemesse thanne next fifolowynge.
Walterus Turkej Raddphus^Lenne } Ann0 xxiiij°'
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere of oure lorde
M1 CCC. xlix, was the grete pestilence at London ; the which
dured fifrom Michelmesse in to the moneth off August thanne
next suynge.
Ricardus de J Johannes Notte ) A t0
Kylsyngbury ( Willelmus Worchestre j
f. 13V0 In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off oure Lorde
M1 CCC. 1, ther was a grete Bataylle on the See bytwix Kyng
Edward and the Spaynardes bysydes Wynchelse and Rimey1 ;
and, thanked be god, Kyng Edward hadde the vyctorye off hem.
Andre Awbrey { Ssthorp } Anno xxvi'°-
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off oure Lorde
M1 CCC. lj, Kyng Edward made newe money, that ys to say
grotis and half grotis.
A j rr i Johannes Pecche ) A ..0
Adam ffraunceysj JJohannes Stodey } Anno xxvy».
In this same yere, that ys to say in the yere off our Lorde
M1 CCC. lij, ther was a grete derthe off alle manere Vytaylles
in Somer tyme ; the which was called the Dere Somer. And
in that yere ther was grete drouht, ffor yt dured ffro the
begynnyng of Marche vnto the ende of Juyll.
A , rr ( Willelmus Wodde ) . ....
Adam ffraunceys { Johannes Lytle f Anno xxvnj".
T f Willelmus Totenham ) .
Thomas Leggy j Rjcardus Smdt | Anno xxix".
c- rr { Thomas fforster ) A
Simon ffraunceys j Thomas firandon | Anno xxx™.
f. i4r° In this same yere was Sire John Kyng off ffraunce y-toke
at the Bataylle off Peyters by Sir Edward prince off Walys,
Kyng Edwardes ffirst Sonne.
1 Romeneye, H.
I. JULIUS BII, 1349-1365
13
tt • t> 1 j f Ricardus Notyngham ) A
Henncus Pykard { Thomas | Anno xxxj».
Johannes Stodeyj ^tc^,'la.nus Candyssh I Anno xxxij0.
J J ( Bertholomeus ffrostelyng j J
Johannes Loukyn { } Anno xxxiij".
Simon Dolsey j Simon ^e^I?^on, lAnno xxxiiij0.
J ( Johannes Chichestre j J
In this same yere, the xiiij day off Aprill and the morwe after
Ester Day, Kyng Edward with his Oost lay byfore the Citee off
Parys ; the which was a ffoule Derke day off myste, and off
haylle, and so bytter colde, that syttyng on horse bak men dyed1.
Wherfore, vnto this day yt ys called blak Monday, and wolle be
longe tyme here affter.
Johannes Wroth j ?eynes Unno xxxvt0.
J ( Walterus Bernye J
In this same yere was the secounde pestilence. In the which
dyed Duk Herry, Duk off Lancastre.
Johannes Pecchej Willelmus Holbeche j^nno xxxvjot
J { Jacobus Tame J J
This same yere was the grete wynde, that ouerthrewe many
houses and Stepylles in Ingelond.
Stephanus j Johannes de Sancto Albano ) „ v.,::o
Caundysshj Jacobus Andre j x J •
Johannes Notte { } Anno xxxviij".
a 1 1 t> f Simon de Mordon ) A ; 0
Adam de Bury •< T , ,,, .c , > Anno xxxix.
J { Johannes Metforde J
In this same yere was the Bataylle off Orrey in Breteyne,
wher Sir Charlys de Bloys was slayne that chalengid to be Duke
off Breteyne, And Sir Bertram Cleykyn with meny other lordes
and knyhtes. And also this same yere, at a place men calle
the Savye bysyde Westmynstre, ther dyed Kyng John off ffraunce
in his Bedde 2.
1 bitter cold that manye men deyde for cold, H.
2 The last three words do not appear in G. and H.
14
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Adam de Bury / Johannes Bykelesworth \A j
.. ( Johannes Yrlaunde (
Vsque diem Januarn
Anno xlmo supradicto quo die electus est Johannes Louekyn in Maiorem et
dominus Adam fuit amotus per preceptum Domini Regis.
T . T i f Thomas at Leye ) . ,.Q
Johannes Louekyn j Johannes War£e j- Anno xlj .
T , A , f Johannes Turgalde ) A r.„
Jaeobus Andrewej <villeImus D/keman }Anno xlij".
In this same yere was the Bataylle of Nayers in Spayne,
where prynce Edward with his companye scomfyted the Bas-
tarde off Spayne and Restored Kyng Petre to his Reme, that
was putte oute by the fforseyd Bastard. And there was take
the Erie off Dene and Sir Bertram Claykyn and meny other
worthy men; thankyd be all myhty god.
S'mon Mordonj }A™ ^
Johannes j Johannes Pyell I Anno xliiii0
Chichestrej Hugo Holbeche j ^ "
In this same yere a Busshell off whete was worthe xl. d.
And in the ffeste off the Assumpcion off oure Lady Dame
Phelipp, oure quene, passed out off the worlde; on whos soule
Jhesu have mercy.
/ Willelmus Walworth ) . , t0
Robertus Gayton ] Anno xlv *
Johannes Beraes
I Adam Stable }Annoxlvj'°.
Johannes Pye.l{ }Anno xlvij-.
This same yere was John Norwold, mercer, slayne at Blak
heth, ffor whos deeth byganne grete debate and dyssension
amonge the crafftes off London.
Adam de Bury{ Aubrey | AnnQ xlviij0_
Willelmus Walworth { wMmL^odehous }Anno xlix°-
Johannes Warde j 1^"° ^
In this same yere vpon Trinite Sonday the viije Day off Juyn
with Inne the paleys off Westmynstre dyed the goode prince
I. JULIUS BII, 1365-1381
i5
Edward ; and fTro thenys he was caryed to Canterbury, and
there ys buryed worshipfully. Off whos soule Jhesu have mercy.
Adam Stable i Johannes Norhampton ) Anno Ijo,
. .. I Robertus Launde ( J
vsquexxj™ diem Marcij
et eodem die Nicholaus Brembre electus fait virtute brevis Domini Regis.
This same yere was Sir John Mystreworth knyht byheeded.
And also vpon Seint Albon's day at evyn dyed the noble Kyng
Edward the thridde at Shene. And lyeth y-buryed at West-
mynstre.
Adam Stablej ^ ^ampton | Amw ^
Nomina Maiorum et Vicecomitum Ciuitatis London, f- i6ro
tempore Regis Ricardi Secundi, Videlicet viij die
Junij, Anno Domini Millesimo CCC lxxvij.
.... , , , f Andre Pykeman ) A
Nicholaus Brembre | Nichola/s Twyford } Anno pnmo.
T 1 t.u 1 ti- f Johannes Boseham ) A ,
Johannes Phylpott j Cornvaleys [Anno secundo.
In this same year the morwe affter Seint Laurence Day on
a Wedenysday Robert Hawle, Squyer, was slayn in the Abbey
off Westm'. at the hyh Awter by cause off his prisoner the Erie
off Dene.
T , tt j, ( Johannes Heylesdon ) A
Johannes Hadlee j Jwillelmus B/rett } Anno Tereio.
In this same yere aboute the nat'. off oure Lady iiij Galeys
kome and brent a grete parte off Gravysende.
Willelmus Walworth { wnHmus^nyhtkote }Anno ^"arto.
In this same yere the xj day off Juyn afifter Trinite Sonday
was the Rysynge off the Comyns off Ingelond ayenst the lordes;
at which tyme they byheeded the Erchebysshop off Canterbury
at the Toure hylle, And sir Robert Hales, priour off Seint Johns, f. i6T0
And many fflemmynges loste here heedes at that tyme, and
namely they that koude nat say Breede and Chese, But Case
and Brode. And Jurrours went also to Wrake, wher that they
myht be ffounde. But at the laste William Walworth, that tyme
16
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Meyre off London, slouh the Cheveteyne off the fforseyd Rysers
in the Kyngis presence, the which was callyd Jakke Strawe.
And therfore he and dyuers Aldremen weren made knyhtes the
same day off Kyng Richard.
Johannes Norhampton j ]°Jh™l7Hende } Ann0 Quinta
In this same yere was Quene Anne wedded vnto Kyng Richard,
the which was a ffull blessed Quene and a gracious. And the
same yere the xxj day off May was the grete Erthe quake.
Johannes Norhampton j ^ann^Cely }Anno Sexto'
In this same yere was the vyage off the Bysshop off Norwich
with his meyne into fflaundres.
y*11 -d u ( Simon Wynchecombe ) A c
N.cholaus Brembre j Johannes yMore } Anno Sepfamo.
Nicholaus Brembre <
/ Nicholaus Exton
I Johannes ffrenssh
) Johannes Organ
| Anno Octauo.
| J ohannes Organ jAnn0 Nono.
V Johannes Chircheman j
In this same yere Kyng Richard went In to Scotland with
a grete power off peple ; And so myhtilich that Skottes durst nat
abyde hym.
( Willelmus Staundon ) A -n> •
u, c \ Willelmus More }Anno Dec.mo.
Nicholaus Exton< . TT '
J Willelmus Venour j A v , .
( Hugo ffastolff | Anno Vndecimo.
In this same yere was the Rysyng off the lordes off Ingelond,
that ys to say off Thomas Wodstoke, Duk off Gloucestre, Sir
Thomas Erie off Warwyk, Sir Herry Erie off Derby, Sir Richard
Erie off Arundell, Sir Thomas Erie off Notyngham, ayenst other
certeyn lordes, that ys to wytte Sir Robert Erie off Oxenford,
that was made Markys off Develyn and affter Duk off Irlond,
the which ffleyh to Loveyn in Brabant and ther he dyed, Sir
Michell off Pole Erie off Southff, which also ffledde to the same
tovne and ther he dyed, Sir Alisaundre Nevell Erchebysshop
off Yorke the which ffledde into Skotland and there he dyed;
Robert Tressham the Kyngis Justice, and Sir Nicholl Brembre,
1 Tresilian, H. correctly; Trevylyon, G.
I. JULIUS B II, 1381-1395
17
knyht, weren drawen vnto Tyburn and hanged. Also the same
tyme Sir John Beauchampe, Sir Jamys Berners and Sir Symond
off Beverle, knyhtes, weren byheeded at the Toure hille. And
Sir John Salysbury was drawe and hanged. And Sir John
Bealknap1, John Holte, John Cary2, William Burh, Robert
ffulthorp and John Lokton, Justices, weren exyled into Irland,
and ther fforto duelle the terme off her lyffes tyme affter.
Nicholaus Twyford j Thomas Austyli }Ann0 Duodecimo-
,T7.M1 , T7. f Johannes Walkote ) Anno Tercio-
W.llelmusVenourj johannesLovey j dedmo
a 1 t> ( Johannes ffraunceys ) Anno Quarto-
XlU^ni ijclIU A rpl T T . /" 1 •
( Ihomas Vynent J decimo.
t~u tt 1 f Henr. Vanner ) Anno Ouinto-
Johannes Hyndex T , cu , r a •
J J { Johannes Shad worth j decimo.
In this same yere the meyre of London and the Shereves
weren discharged of her offices byfore Seint John's day Bapt.;
And Sir Edward Dalyngryge made wardeyn off the Citee by the
kyngis komandement into the ffirst day off Juyll 3. And thanne
was Sir Bawdewyn Radyngton made Wardeyn vnto Seint
Symond day and Jude.
Willelmus Staundon -f Robertus Maundeld ) Anno Sexto-
( Ihomas Newynton j decimo. f. 1
In this same yere was the court Remeved ffro Westm'. unto
Yorke, Begynnyng at the Terme off Seint John Bapt. and
endured to Estre swynge4.
Tohannes Hadlei Drugo Barentyn ) Anno Decimo-
Jonannes tiadle j Ricardus Whityngton ) Septimo.
In this same yere the vij day off Juyn dyed Quene Anne, and
lyeth buryed at Westm'. And this same yere aboute Myhel-
messe Kyng Richard went ffirst into Irland with muche peple.
Johannes ffrosshl Willelmus Brampton ) Anno Decimo-
( Thomas Knolles j Octauo.
1 Realknap's Christian name should be Robert as in G. and H.
2 John Gray, G. ; Robert Cary, H. The text above is right.
3 xxij day of Juyil, H.; fyrste day of Jule, G.
4 unto Cristemasse fifolwynge, H. and G.
KINGSFORD C
i8
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
trr.li , ,T f Rogerus Elys ) Anno Decimo-
1 emus orej Willelmus Sheryngham j Nono.
In this same yere aboute alle halwentyde was Quene Isabell
wedded, and the viij day of Janyuer crovned at Westm'. Quene.
And at here komyng to tovne there was muche harme done
at London Brigge ffor ther weren aboute ix persones crowsed
to deeth, So grete prees was there ; off whom the priour off
Typtre was oon at that tyme was deede.
f. >8" Adam Bam/ Thomas Wylford ) AnnQ Vicesim0.
T .. I Willelmus Parker j
vsque sextum diem Junij
anno xxm0 supradicto quo die Idem Adam obijt. Et eodem Die post Nonam
Ricardus Whityngton electus fuit in maiorem.
In the same yere, the xxj day off Juyll in the xxj yere off
Kyng Richard, Sir Thomas of Wodstok, Duke off Gloucetre,
Sir Rich. Erie off Arundell, and Sir Thomas Erie off Warwyk,
The Lorde off Cobham, and Sir John Cheyne weren arrested
by the kyng. And affterward ther was made a grete parlement;
at the which parlement the fforseyd Richard Erie off Arundell
was dampned to the deeth, In a grete Hale made with Inne
the paleys of Westm'. And at the Toure hille he was heeded
in the same place wher Sir Symond off Beverle heede was
y-smyten off. But the more ruthe was the goode Duk off
Gloucetre, that was the kyngis vncle, was ffoule mordred at
Caleys with ij Tovaylles made square1 wyse, and putte aboute
his nekke. And the erle off Warwyk and the lorde Cobham
weren y-dampned vnto perpetuell prison.
Ricardus j Willelmus Askham ) Anno Vicesimo-
Whityngton ( Johannes Wodekok j primo.
f. i9ro And aboute Seint Bertilmewys tyde in the xxj yere off Kyng
Richard, at Coventre byfore hym the Duke off Herford and the
Duk off Northffe. shulde haue ffouht with Inne lystes. But
anoon affter as they kome into the place, the kyng toke vp the
Bataylle into his owne hande ; and so they ffouht nat. And
ther in the same place they weren both exiled. That ys to
witte ; Herry Duk off Herford ffor x yere, and Thomas Duk
off Northffe. ffor an C. yere.
1 Snare, H. and JBI.
I. JULIUS BII, 1395-1399
J9
Drugo Barentyn j jQ^nnes Warner } Anno Vicesimo-Secundo.
In this same yere Kyng Richard wente into Irlande the
secounde tyme, that is to say in the ende off the same yere.
And in the begynnyng off the xxiij yere off his reigne Herry
Duk of Lancastre, that was exiled, kome ayen into Ingelond;
and he landyd in the north Cuntre at a place at men calle
Ravenspore. And with hym the Erchebisshop off Canterbury,
Sir Thomas off Arundell, that was exilyd the same tyme. And
anoon ther kome to hym Herry Erie off Northumberland, and
Sir Herry Percy, and many other lordes, that were leffte her in
Ingelond. And the fforseyd Herry Duk off Lancastre ffrom
Thens anoon with all his Oost went toward Bristow, where he f. i9T0
ffonde Sir William Scrope, Tresorer off Ingelond, Sir John
Busshy, and Sir John Grene, the which three weren there
dampned and byheeded. And anoon affter in the same yere
muche off the peple off London went to Westm'. wenyng to haue
ffonde there kyng Richard. And there Sir John Slake, Dene
off the kyngis chapell, was arrestyd and putte into prison at
Ludgate, with Sir Rauff Sally and other rnonkes off the
same Abbey. And Sir William Bagotte, knyht, was take in
Irlond bysyde Develyn, and brouht to London and putte in
Newgate into prison, and at last delyuered thurh his ffayr
excusacion.
Here sewyn the Articles and the causes Resonable considered
by alle the Lordes off this Rewme, Spirituell and Temporell,
beyng at the Parlement at Westm., off the Deposyng off
kyng Richard and off his Renouncyng off his Kyngely
Magestiee.
HYT ys to wytte and to be hadde in mynde that the Monday f. 2oro
in the ffeste off Seint Michell Tharchangel, the yere off the
regne off kyng Richard the secunde xxiij, and the yere off oure
Lorde M1 ccc. iiijxx xix, the Spirituell Lordes and Temporell and
other notable and worthy persons, that ys fforto say Sir Richard
Scroop Erchebysshop off Yorke, John Bysshop off Hereford,
Herry Erie off Northumberland, Rauff Erie off Westmorland,
Hugh Burnell, Thomas lorde off Berkele, The Abbot off Westm.,
the Priour off Canterbury, William Thirnyng, knyht, and John
c 2
20
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Markham, Justices, Thomas Stowe, and John Burbache, Doctours
off lawe, Thomas Erpyngham, Thomas Gray, knyhtes, William
off fferyby and Denys Lopham, opyn notaryes, off the assent,
ordinance, and avisement off certeyn lordes off the Spiritualte
and temporalte, Justices and other wyse lerned men in bothe
lawes, canon and cyvile, and also off the lawe off the lande,
gadrid togedris at Westm. in the councel Chaumbre, ordeynyd
and deputid ffor the Acte and matere ffolwynge, aboute ix off
the clok went and kome byfore the presence off the fforseyd
kyng, beyng thanne with Inne the Tour off London; and ther
was rehersyd byfore the kyng by the fforeseyd Erie off
Northumberland in the Stede and name off alle the other lordes
that were with him, how that the same kyng a nother tyme at
Coneway in north Walys, beyng there at his luste and liberte,
f. 2ovo behiht to Thomas Erchebysshop off Caunterbury and to the same
Erie off Northumberland, that he wold leve off and renounce to
the crovne off Inglond and off ffraunce and to his kyngly mageste,
ffore certeyn causes ther by the same kyng off his vnhabylite
and vnsuffisance knowlechid ; and that in the beste manere and
ffourme that he myht, as the counseyll off wyse men and lernyd
wolde ordeyne and devyse. The same kyng, byfore the lordes
and other persones above seyd, therto louyngly answeryng seyd,
that he wolde perfourme with effecte that he hadde byfore byhiht
on that partye. Save he desired ffirst to have a speche with
Herry Duk off Lancastre, and the fforseyd Erchebysshop off
Caunterbury, his cosyns, or that he ffulfyllid hooly that fforseyd
byhest. And askyd the ffourme and a copye to be delyuered to
hym off his Resignyng and Surcesyng that he shuld make, that
he myht be avysed theron. And whanne a copye was take him
theroff, the same lordes and other persones that were with hem
wentyn home to her places. And the same day affter mete, the
kyng desiryng much and abydyng longe the komyng off the
Duk off Lancastre, at the laste the same Duk off Lancastre
and the lordes and persones above nempnyd and also the Erche-
bisshop off Canterbury komyn to the Towr to the kyng, beyng
ther present the lorde Roos, the lorde Wyluby, the lorde Bergeny
f. 21r0 and many other. And affter that the kyng hadde spokyn with
the Duk off Lancastre and the Erchebysshop in partye, with a
gladde chere amonges hem alle, as yt semyd to alle that stoden
I. JULIUS B II, 1399 21
aboute, at the last afore hem all that there were present seyde
opynly to hem, that he was redy to Renounce and leve off his
Dygnyte afifter his byhest that he hadde byforhand made. And
so, anoon althouh that he hadd myht, as hit was seyde off some, his
Renounsyng and levyng off in a Scrowe off parchemyn wretyn,
by some depute have declaryd opynly in his name, ffor the longe
labour and lettyng therof about he lefifte off. And hym sylff
frely and gladly, as hit semyd, and with a gladde chere, holdyng
the Scrowe in his hande seyd he wolde rede hit hym sylff; and
dystynctely and tretely he redde yt ouer. And also he assoyllyd
and lesid all his lieges ; and ther Renouncyd, lefft off, and
swore, and seyd, and redde dyuers thynges, and wrote his name
vnderneth with his owne hande, as hit ys ffully conteynyd and
expressed in the same Scrowe. The tenour ys this :
In the name of God, Amen ! I Richard, by the grace off God The Resig-
kyng off England and off ffraunce, and lorde off Ireland, quyte "jfCj£yng
and assoyle Erchebysshopes, Bysshopes, and alle other prelates, Richard.
Seculer and Religious, off Dygnyte, Degre, State, or condicion
that they ben off. And also Alle Dukes, Marquys, Erles, f. 2ivo
Barons, Lordes and alle myn other Liege me[n] both Spyrituell
and Seculer, of what maner name or degre they ben, ffrom her
othe of ffeute and homage, and alle other dedis and pryvileges
made to me. And ffrom all maner bondes of Liegeaunce, and
Regalye, or Lordship, in which they weren or ben bounden to
me, or in eny other wyse Streynyd; and hem, here heyrs, and
successours ffor euermore ffro the same bondes and othes I relese,
delyuere, and quyte, and I lete hem ffor free dissoluyd, and
quyte, and harmeles, in as muche as longith to my persone
in eny maner wey, or tytle off right, that myht ffolwe off the
fiforseyde thynges, or off eny off hem. And also I Resigne all
my Kyngly Mageste, Dignyte, and Crovne, and also to alle the
lordship and powere off the fforseyd kyngdomes and lordshipes,
and to all other lordshipes and possessions to me in eny maner
wyse perteynyng, what name or condicion they ben off, and
wher that euer they be with Inne the Kyngdomes and Lordshipes
fiforseyde, outake the landes and possessions ffor me and my
obyt ordeynyd and bouht1. And I Renounce to all Riht, and
1 The saving clause for the obit lands does not appear in the Rolls of
Parliament or the Annales.
22
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
colour off Riht, alle maner, tytle, possession and lordship, the
which that euer I hadde, have, or may have in eny man ere wyse
in the same Lordshipes and possessions, or eny off hem, or to
hem, with eny manere rihtes, or appertenaunces, longyng or
hangyng off hem or off eny off hem. And also to the reule and
f. 22r0 governance off the same kyngdomes and Lordshipes, and to the
admynystracion off hem, and to alle thinges euerych that to the
hole Empyre and Jurisdiccion in the same Rewmes and lord¬
shipes in eny wyse longen or mow longe. And also I Renounce
to the name, Worship, and Regaly, and kyngly hynes, clerly,
ffrely, syngulerly, and hooly, in the moste beste wey, manere, and
ffourme that I may, by thes present lettres wretyn. And with
dede and worde I leve off and Resigne hem, and goo ffro hem
ffor euermore; savyng all wey to my successours, kynges off
Ingland, alle the ryhtes, pryvelegis, and appertenaunces in the
same kyngdomes and lordshippes byforeseyd perteynyng and
longyng. ffor I wete, knowleche, and verrely ffor certeyn causes
deme my sylff to be and have bene Insuffisant, vnable, and
vnprofitable, and ffor myn opyn Desertes not vnworthely to be
putt dovn. And I swere on the holy Euaungelies, by me bodely
touched, that I shall neuer contrarye, ne repugne to this resig-
nacion, renounsyng, dymyssion, and yeldyng vp; ne neuer
opugne hem in no maner wyse, in dede ne in worde, by me, ne
by noon other; ne I shall nat suffre yt be enpugnyd, in as mych
as in me ys, pryvely ne apert. But I shall have, kepe, and
holde this Renouncyng, Resignacion, Dymyssion, and levyng off,
ffor fferme and stable ffor euermore, in alle and in euery partye
The Sub- theroff. So God me helpe and thes holy Euaungelies ! I Richard,
offkyng kyng aforseyd, with myn owne hande have wretyn me vnderneth
Richard, here.
f. 2 2v0 And anoon the same kyng ioynyd and addyd to the fforsey[d]
renouncyng and levyng off, opynly by worde, that yff it were in
his powere the Duk off Lancastre shulde be his Successour, and
kyng affter hym. But ffor yt ys not in his power, he ordeyned
the Erchebysshop off Yorke, and the Bisshop off Hereford to
ben his proctours, to Declare and opynly shewe to all the States
off the Rewme his Renounsyng, and yeldyng vp off his dygnyte,
as hit ys seyde byfore. And prayd hem that they shulde shewe
his entent and wille in this partye to alle the peple; and in
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
23
tokyn off this wille and entent opynly he toke off his ffyngir
a Ryng off golde, his Signet, and putt hit on the ffyngir off the
Duk off Lancastre, desiryng that to be knowyn to all the
States; the which thing whan it was done euery man tooke his
leve and wentyn hem home.
And in the morwe, that is fforto say on the Tewesday in the
ffeste off Seint Jerome, in the grete halle at Westm., in the
place ther the parlement shulde be holde, worshypfully arayd,
beyng ther present the Erchebisshopes off Canterbury and off
Yorke, the Duk off Lancastre, and other Dukes, and lordes both
Temporell and Spirituell, whos names ben wretyn her affter,
and also other peple off the same Rewme, thanne beyng ther fifor
nedys off the parlement with grete multytude. And the fforseyd f. 23r0
Duk off Lancastre occupyyng his owne place, acordyng and
dewe to his astate and degre, beyng thanne the kyngis See,
with clothes off golde and astate ryally apparayllyd, voyde, with
oute eny presedent or ocupiour therofif. The fforseyd Erche-
bisshop off Yorke and the Bisshop of Hereford affter the
commandement off the kyng and in the kynges name 1 declarid
ther and opynly publysshid the kyngis Renouncyng and
yeldyng vp, as yt was made seyd and wretyn by hym with Declara-
subscripcion off his owne hande. And declared hem the de- opyntyoff
lyueryng off his Sygnet, and the same Scrowe off Renouncyng the Re-
they dydde hit be redde by a nother man, ffirst in latyn as yt nouncyng-
was wretyn, and afifterward in Englyssh. And anoon it was
asked off the States and peple ther present, and ffirst off the
Erchebisshop off Caunterbury, to whom yt longith, by Reson off
his dignyte and the prerogatyfT and pryvelege off the heede
churche off Caunterbury, to have the ffirst voys Amonge other
prelates and worthy lordes off the Rewme, yifif that they wolde
fifor her Interesse, and profyt off the Rewme, admytte this
Renouncyng and cesyng affore seyde. And the same States
and peple, supposyng and holdyng the same Renouncyng ffull ^^iss^on
spedefull and profitable, ffor dyuers causes by the same kyng in seyde Re_
his Renouncyng specefied, alle with 00 voys, and yche by hym signacion.
sylfif, with oone assent and accorde the fforseyd Renouncyng ' 2°
1 supradcus Archiepus Eboracen. suo & dci Hereforden. Episcopi nomine
R. ( = Rolls of Parliament). In the Annales the words suo et dicti are
omitted.
24
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
admyttyden, and helden ffor fferme and stable1. Affter the
which admission, yt was thanne opynly shewyd, that nat with-
standyng the fforseyd Renouncyng, as yt ys seyde byfore,
admyttyd, yt were nedefull and spedefull vnto the Rewme in
voydyng off mys-conceytes and evyll suspecions, That dyuers
Crymes and defautes by the same kyng oftymes done and made,
in hindryng and evyll governance off the Rewme, shulde be
wretyn articuler wyse. The which Defautes hym sylff knowlechid
in his Resignyng, seyng hym sylff that he were worthy to be
deposid. And that the same Defautes shulde be opynly redde
and declared to the peple; and so fforthwith the moste partye
off the Articles was opynly ther redde, off the which the tenour
ffolwith here articulerly2.
c° primo. Ffirst it ys to putt a3ens Kyng Richard, that ffor his euyll
Ucles'or" gouernance in yevyng a way to vnworthy persons the goodes
obieccions and possessions longyng to his Crovne, disparpelyng hem, and
the kyngCnS other goodes vndiscretly puttyng also 3; and oppressyng the
lement.Par~ PeP^e grete gaderynges, and other grete Importable Charges ;
doyng also other meny vnnumerable evilles off his assent and
f. 24™ his Commandement; by alle the hole Parlement ffor the better
governance off the Rewme ther were certeyn lordes and prelates
chosyn and assigned, the which with all her myht and strenth,
and at her owne coste, shuld trevly labour aboute the goode
governance off the Rewme. And nat withstondyng this orde-
nance the kyng with his covyne and helpers accordyng to his
luste4, the same lordes Spirituell and Temporell beyng busy
and occupyed aboute the goode governance off the Rewme,
purposed to empech hem off hyh Treson. And with strenth
and vyolence drewe to hym the Justices off the Rewme thurh
thretyng off deeth and other bodely turmentis, to that en-
tent that they shulde stonde with hym in his wykked
purpos, labouryng all way vnder that to dystroye the same
lordes.
c° Scdo. Also the same Kyng late at Shrevysbury dydd kome byfore
1 The conclusion of this clause is simpler in R. unanimiter et concord iter
admiserunt. Here and elsewhere the text in the Annales unless otherwise
noted agrees with the Roll.
2 R. and the Annales here insert the text of the Coronation oath.
3 et alias indiscrete dissipando, R.
4 Rex facto per eum Conventiculo cum eius complicibus, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399 25
hym and other off his assent ffull meny, and the meny and the
most partye off alle the Justices off Engelond pryvely ; and
hem compellyd and manacyd by manas and dyuers thretynges
and vpon peyne off deeth and peryllis that myht ffalle, and
fforsed hem euerych by hym sylff to answere to hym, to certeyn
questions made by the kyngis partye touchyng the lawes and
ordenances off the Rewme, makyng hem a^enst her wille thurh
suche ffeer and manace other to answere, thanne they shuld f. 24™
ha done hadde they ffrely be at large, nat constreyned, ne
enforced. Vndir the colour off which answers the same kyng
purposid to have procedid fforth to the distruccion off Thomas
Duk off Gloucestre, the Erie off Arundel, and the Erie off
Warwyk, and other lordes. Ayens whos dedes and govern¬
ances the same kyng hadde grete indignacion, and principally
ffor they desirden that the kyng shulde be off goode govern¬
ance. But the grace off God and the power and withstondyng
off the same lordes letted him, that he myht nat haue his purpos
than to effect.
Also, whanne the Temporell Lordes purposed hem fforto C° iij°
withstonde his malice and trecherye, in defence off hem selff,
the kyng, perceyvyng that, hadde ordeynyd a certeyn day off
his parlement to be holde, fforto ordeyne remedye and riht to
hem and to other peple off his Rewme. And while the same
Temporell Lordes were in her houses, vpon hoop and trust
off the parlement fforseyd, in goode reste and quyete fforto
haue dwellyd in pees, the kyng ordeynyd pryvely the Duk off
Irlond with his lettres and Baner to parties and cuntres off
Chestre1; and ther he gadrid meny men off armes redy fforto
bataylle, and made hem opynly to ryse ayenst the fforseyd
lordes, and the Grete men off the Rewme, in Distruccion and f. 25ru
hinderyng off the comone riht2, Beryng and reysyng his Baner
opynly ayens his pees that he swore to afore hand ; wherfore
manslauhtres, prisonementes, robberies, Disencions, and meny
other evylles and perelles 3, thurh alle the Rewme ffyllen ffro
day to day ; wherfore ther Inne he was fforswore.
1 ad partes Cestrie, R.
2 contra dcos Dominos & Magnates Regni, & Reipublice servitores,
insurgere fecit, R.
3 homicidia, captivitates, dissensiones, & alia mala infinita, R.
26
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
C° iiijt0 Also, not withstondyng the kyng hadde ffully fiforyavyn the
Duk off Gloucestre, the Erie off Arundel, and the Erie off
Warwyk and alle other that weren helpyng to hem her offence
and trespace in pleyne parlement, shewyng to hem diuers
Signes and toknes off love meny dayes and yeris affter, and also
goode chere, gladde and benygne contenance. The same kyng,
neuer the latter, beryng alway contynuelly galle in his herte,
at the last, whanne he sauh his tyme best, he lete take and
areste the fforseyd Duk off Gloucestre, his owne Erne, Sone
to the worthy Kyng Edward, Conestable off England \ and
also the Erlis off Arundel and off Warwyk. And ordeynyd
the same Duk to be ledde out off England vnto Caleys, and
f. 25™ there to be putt in prison vndir the kepyng and warde off the
Erie off Notyngham, the which was oone off hem that was his
Enemye and hadde appelyd hym. And with oute eny answere,
or lawe, or processes, pryvely lete him be stranglyd, and
vnmanly be murdrid. And cruelly he made the Erie off
Arundel by fforce off men off Armes, Archers, and grete strenth
off peple to him gadrid and strenhthed in this entent, damp-
nabilich fforto to be heeded; natwithstandyng that the same
Erie askyd opynly in the parlement to have his Chartre alowed
hym off general pardon that the kyng hadde granted hym, and
also a nother Chartre off pardon that the kyng hadde grantyd
hym off latter tyme; askyng Rihtwysnesse to be done vnto
him ; but all was fifor nouht ffor he was nat herde2. And the
Erie off Warwyk and the lorde Cobham he commandyd to
perpetuell prison, benymyng and deprivyng hem off alle her
landes and tenementis, as well that at was tayled to hem and
to her heirs as other possessions and landes, ayens comone riht
and the lawes and custumes off the Rewme, and ayens his othe;
and the londes and possessions he gaff to hem that were her
appellantes and enemyes.
f. 26™ Also the same yere that the kyng in his Parlement lete jugge
{he Duk off Gloucestre, the Erie off Arundel, and the Erie off
Warwyk, to that entent that he myht the ffreer vse and haunce
his crueltie and malice ayens hem, and ffulfille his wronge luste
1 R. inserts, dco Dno Regi cum processione solempni humiliter occur-
rentem.
2 R. has nothing to correspond with the last sentence of this clause.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
27
and wille ayens hem and other, he hadde drawe and gadrid
vnto him a grete multitude of evyll doers off the Shire off
Chestre; off whom some went alway with the kyng thurh
the Rewme, and cruelly slawen meny lieges off the Rewme
as wel with Inne the kyngis hous as with oute; and some they
betyd, woundyd, maymyd, and robbyd, and toke vp vitaylles
with oute paiementis, and ravysshed and defouled wyffes and
other wymen. And all thouh grete quereles and pleyntes were
made spokyn and declared to the kyngis audience and presence
off these wronges aforseyd, the kyng all thouh toke no hede,
ne gatte no fforce to ordeyne eny remedye, ne helpe ther fore.
But lete hem allone, and flavoured hem in her evyll dedes,
trustyng in hem and in her helpe passyng all other lieges off
his Rewme. Wherfore alle the trewe lieges off his Rewme
maden grete mevyng amongis hem, and gendrid grete cause
and matere off Indignacion amongis hem.
Also natwithstandyng that the kyng hadde opynly done f. 26"
proclame by his writtes thurh out his Rewme, that thouh he c° vj'°
hadde done areste and take the Duk off Gloucestre, the Erie
off Arundel, the Erie off Warwyk, not fifor no gaderynges,
confederacyes, ne rydynges by hem done with Inne the Rewme
off England, But ffor meny extorcions, oppressions, and other
wronges aforeward by hem done ayens his Regaly and kyngly
mageste, that nat withstandyng alle this hit was nat his entent
that eny off the meynye, ne housholde off the fforseyd Duk,
ne Erles, ne noon of thos that weryn in her company in tyme
of her gaderynges ne rydynges, shulde have eny harme, ne fifor
no cause ther off be apechid1, ne grevid in no maner wyse.
And ffor alle this proclamacion yitt the same kyng in his
parlement apechid nat the lordes ffor noon extorcions ne
oppressions done to his Regaly; But he apechid hem and
demyd hem to deeth ffor her gaderynges and ridynges above
seyde. And meny off the meynye and housholde off the same
lordes, and off other that weryn in her company in tyme off
her gaderynges and rydynges, he hath compellyd thurh manace
off deeth to make grete ffynes and Raunsones, as they hadde
ben opyn traytours, to grete distruccion off the peple off his
1 R. has no reference to appeching.
28 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Rewme. And thus he begiled maliciously and deceyvably
the fforseyd lordes, and her meyny, and the people off his
kyngdom.
f. 27ro Also, affter tyme that meny off these persones hadde made
L° vijm0 grete ffynes and Raunceons, and hadde purchased hem off the
kyng his patent lettres off pardon ffully ffor the fforsed causes
and trespacis, yitt myht they not have no reioyse, no profyt,
ne noon effecte by thes lettres off pardon, tyl they hadde
made newe ffynes and Raunsons fforto save and kepe her
lyffes. Wher thurh meny loste hys goode, and were made
pore to the vttermost, and distroyed; the which was grete
shame and hynderyng bothe to the name and state off the
kyng.
C° viij0 Also, in the laste Parlement holdyn at Shrovesbury the same
kyng purposyng to oppresse, and distroye his peple, he procured
sotylly, and ordeyned to be grauntyd that the power off the
parlement by thassent off alle the States off the Rewme shulde
duelle and abyde at certeyne persones to termyne, affter that
the parlement was done and certeyne peticions that thanne
were putte vp in the same parlement nat spedde ne graunted.
Thurh colour off which graunte certeyn persones that were
deputed to him procedyn fforth to other nedes and peticions
off the same parlement by the kyngis wille and desire
f. 27™ only, levynge other certeyn peticions, as yt ys afforseyd,
vndone and vnexecutl, in grete derogacion and hynderyng
off the state off the parlement and to grete vnprofyte off
alle the Rewme and peryllous and wykked ensample. And,
ffor as myche as they shulde seme to have som colour and
auctoryte in her doynges, The Kyng dydde do chaunge and
do away alle the Rolles of the Parlement afftir his owne lust
and desire and ayens the effect and ordenaunce off the forseyd
graunt.
C° ix° Also, nat withstandyng that the kyng in his coronacion swore
that in alle his domes he shulde do and ordeyne to be do evyn
and rihtfull Justice and Rihtwysnesse in mercy and Trouthe
by all his power and myht: Neuer the latter he with oute all
maner mercy with grete vygour ordeynyd vpon grete peynes
1 R. has nothing to correspond with the sub-clause, levynge to
vnexecut.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
29
that ther shulde no manere man speke ne pray to hym fifor
no maner grace ne mercy ffor Herry Duk off Lancastre. In
which thyng the same kyng ayens all bondis of charitie brak his
fforseyd othe that he hadde made.
Also, all thouh the corowne off England and the rihtes and C° xmo
Pryveleges off the same corowne and also the Rewme hym sylff
at all tymes here byfore haven be so ffree that the Pope ne noon f. 28™
other with oute the Rewme shulde ne myht entremete off
hem, yitt the kyng in strenhthyng off his erroneous Statutes hath
prayd and swed to the pope that he shulde conferme certeyn
Statutes in his last parlement ordeyned. Whervpon he hadd
the popis lettres off confermacion in the which grete censures and
sentences off cursyng ben conteyned ayens alle thoo, that con-
trarien, withseyn, or with stonde thoo Statutes or eny off hem
Which thinges ben opynly knowen ayens the crovne and the
kyngis dygnyte, and ayens all goode Statutes, ffredoms and
Libertes off the Rewme.
Also, thouh Sir Herry, now Duk off Lancastre, consideryng the c° xjm°
State and the kyngis worship by the kyngis comandement hath
putte vp his bille ayens the Duke off Northfolk and duely hath
pursuyd the same bille in so fforforth that he hath profryd hym
sylff redy in all thing to batayle affter the kyngis ordenaunce.
And also nat withstandyng that the kyng hym sylff hath opynly
pronouncyd and declaryd the same Duk off Lancastre redy
to have ffulfillyd his byheste and duete in this partye wel and
worshipfully in as mych as in hym ys by goode decrete lawe
and ordenaunce 2, and ordenyd yt to be proclamyd affore all the
peple gadrid to the Bataylle: The same kyng, neuer the latter, f. 28™
with out eny Lawfull cause or reson hath commandyd and done
exile the same Duk off Lancastre by x yere, ayens all manere
rihtwysnesse and lawes and vsages off the Rewme and ayens alle
lawe off armes and knyhthode in this partye. Wherthurh he ys
dampnably fforswore.
Also, affter that Kyng Richard had graciously grauntyd by c° xijm0
his patent lettres to Herry, now Duk off Lancastre, that in
his absence, whil he were exilyd, his generall attournes myht
pursue here fforto have delyuerance off all his heritages and
1 qui dels statutis in aliquo contravenire presumpserint, R.
2 R. has simply per decretum.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
possessions longyng to hym, and that he shall putte in respyte
his homage ffor a resonable ffyn to be made: The same Kyng
Richard the same lettre patentes wrongefully revokyd, ayens
alle the lawes off the lande, ffprsweryng hym sylfif.
c° xiijmo Also, nat withstondyng that yt was ordeyned that the kyngis
officers euery yere with his Justises and other off his Counceyll
shulde chese and nempne sherevis in alle Shires thurh Englond
to the kyng, affter that hit semyd to her discrecion and conciens
ffor the goode and profyte off the Rewme : The same kyng wolde
f- 29ro nat take noon suche as were nempnyd ne chosyn, but made other
affter his owne luste and wille, and other while such, as he wyst
wel wolde nat withstande his wille 1 ffor his ovne propre lust and
synguler profyt 2, to grete greuaunce off his peple, and ayens the
lawes off his Rewme, wylfully and opynly fforsweryng hym
sylff.
c° xiiijmo Also, that tyme that the same kyng askyd and hadd off meny
lordes off the Rewme meny sommes off money ffor certeyn
causes 3 to be payed 4 at a certeyn terme ayen, nat withstandyng
yitt that the same kyng by his lettres patentes behiht and
ffeythfully he assuryd that he shulde paye and restore ayen
the same sommes that he hadde borwyd to hem that he hadde
borwyd hem off: Yit he helde nat his byheste ne yitt vnto this
day be they not satysfied off her sommes. Wherfore the same
creditours and owners off the money ffull much ben greved. And
nat only they but meny other off the same Rewme holde the
kyng vntrewe.
c° xvm0 Also, wher that the kyng off Englond may honestly and
sufficeantly lyve off the profytes and Revenues off his Rewme
f. 29vo and the patrymoyne longyng to his Crovne withoute oppressyng
off his peple while the Rewme were not chargid with costages
ne dispences off werre 5 : The same kyng beyng, as who seyth, all
his tyme in trewes bytwene the Rewme off England and his
Adversarye, the moste parte off that that longith to his crovne
hath yovyn, grauntyd, and done away to dyuers persones ffull
vndygne. And fferthermore hath putte so meny charges off
1 set alios pro sue libito voluntatis, quandoque suos familiares, et quandoque
tales quos scivit nolle resistere voluntati sue, R.
2 pro suo et aliorum commodo singulari, R.
3 ex causa Mutui, R. 4 In the MS. to be payed is repeated.
6 Guerrarum dispendio oneratum, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
3i
grauntes and taxes to his subgetis and liegis, and that almost
yere by yere, that ouermych and to excessively he hath oppressed
his peple to grete hinderyng and empeyryng off his Rewme by
pouerte. And the same goodes that have so ben areysed have
nat ben spendyd to the profyte ne worship off his Rewme, but
to comendacion off his name and pompe and veyn glorie, dis-
parpelyng the same goodes vnprofitably. And yitt with oute
that the most grettest sommes off money ben owyng in the
Rewme ffor vitaylles and expenses off his housholde, nat with-
standyng that he hadde more Richesses and tresour thanne
eny off his progenitours, that eny man kan rekne or have in
mynde.
Also, the same kyng, nat beyng in wille ne desire to kepe ne C° xvjm0
meyntene the riht and the custumes off his Rewme, but to ffolwe
his desire, luste and his Wille, meny tymes and offte, whanne f. 3or0
the Lawes and Custumes off his Rewme by his Justises and other
off his Counceyll were shewyd and declared vnto hym, to that
entent that he shulde do riht to alle that askyd yt off hym : He
seyd opynly, with a sterne chere and ouertwert, that his lawes
weren in his mouthe, and other while in his breste, And that
he allone myht chaunge the Lawes off his Rewme and make
newe. And he, thus beyng deceyvyd thurh that oppynyon,
wolde nat suffre rihtwysnesse to be done to many off his liegis,
but coartyd and constreyned meny oone to sese ffrom the
pursuyt off the comvne riht.
Also, affter that, That in his Parlement dyuers statutes and c° xvijm0
ordenaunces were made, the which shulde stonde in strenth
and in effecte tyl they were specyally revoked by auctorite off
a nother parlement: The Kyng desyryng to reioyse so grete luste
and liberte, that no such Statutes shulde nat bynde hym, but
that he myht vse and do his owne luste, Sotylly he procurid
suche a peticion in the parlement ffor partye off the cominalte off
the Rewme to be putte vp and grauntyd in generall, that he
myht be as ffree as eny off his progenytours weren byfore hym.
Thurh colour off which peticion and graunte offte tymes the f. 30™
same kyng sent and dydd dyuers thinges ayens suche statutes
not revokyd expressely, doynge the contrarie off the Statutes,
wytyngly contraryyng his othe made in his coronacion as yt
ys byfore seyde.
33
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
C° xviij0 Also, thouh that yt were ordeynyd by Statut, that ther shulde
no Shereve occupye at onys his office off Sherevehood passyng
oo yere togedir, But that ther shulde be the space off thre yere
at the leest, or he shulde be admyttyd newe ayen ffor shereve :
The same Kyng Richard, other while ffor his owne synguler
profyt he made and suffred some Shereves stonde and duelle
in her offices contynuelly, other while ij yere, and other while
iij yeris togedris, ayens the tenour and effect off the fforseyd
Statut ; ffallyng ayen in periurie, the which thing is opne and
ffamous \
C° xix° Also, ther as by olde Statutes and custumes off his Rewme
in the conuocacion and summonyng off euery parlement the
peple off the Rewme in euery Shire were wont, and yitt shulden
be ffree, to chese the knyhtes off the Shire ffor the parlement,
and fforto shewe her greves and sewe remedyes therfore as hit
f- 31™ thouht hem beste ffor her spede. The kyng now to that entent
that he myht have ffreloker his wille and ffolich desire per-
fourmed, sendith oute offte tymes his maundementes to dyuers
Shereves, that they shulde chese certeyn persones, which hym
sylff nempnyth, fforto kome to his parlement and noon other.
The which knyhtes, so beyng ffauorable, the kyng myht brynge
hem Inne to his purpos and desire to concent to hym, or by
manaces and thretynges, or ellys by yifftis; And vndir that
ordeyne suche thing that shulde turne to grete preiudice to the
Rewme, and ffull chargefull to the peple ; and specyally to
graunte to the same kyng subsidie off Wollis terme off his lyff,
and other subsidies certeyn yeris, to grete oppressing off his
peple.
C° xxmo Also, the same kyng, in as mych as he may the ffrelyer ffulfille
his vnlefull wille in alle his desire, hath made and kommandyd
that alle the Shereves thurh England, ovir her othe off olde tyme
vsed and accustumed, shulde swere that they shulde obeye to
alle his commandementis both vndir his grete seel and pryvy
Seel, and also to alle his lettres passynge vndir his signet. And
in caas that the same shereves mowe knowe eny Bayllies 2, off
f. 3I?0 what condicion that they be, speke or say eny evyll pryvely
or apert, that myht turne to shame or sclaundre off the kyngis
1 Et hoc est notorium, publicum, & famosum, R.
3 aliquos de Ballivis suis, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
33
persone, that thanne they shulde areste hem or do hem areste,
and commytte hem to prison sauffly, ther Inne to be kepte
tyl the kyng hadde other wyse comaundyd hem, as hyt myht be
ffounde off recorde. The doyng and ordenaunces myht lihtly
turne to distruccion off meny lieges off the Rewme.
Also, the same kyng, entendyng to oppresse and ouerlede C° xxj°
his peple, and sotylly to gete her goodes that he myht habounde
with waste goodes, he brouht Inne the peple off xvij Shires
off Engeland to submytte hem to the kyng as Traytours by here
lettres vndir her seeles ; vndir which colour he hadde meny
grete sommes grauntyd to hym by the clergie and the peple
off Shires, fforto haue the kyngis goode wille. And all thouh
the kyng restoryd ayen to hem her bondes, to plese therwith the
peple: neuerthelatter the procurours off the same peple havyng
ffull powere grauntyd to hem to bynde hem and here heris to the
kyng, The same kyng lete bynde her seeles and her name, and
vndir name off the same peple. And so he deceyvyd his peple,
and her goodes sotylly toke ffro hem by extorcion.
Also, thouh the same kyng in his Coronacion swore to kepe the f. 32r0
ro -vvii0
libertes and ffraunchises off holy chirche yit the same kyng, J
by cause off his viage toward Irlond, comandyd stretly and
sharply to dyuers religious peple, that ys ffor to say Abbotis
and Priours off his Rewme, by his speciall lettres chargyng hem
that summe off hem shulde sende him hors, and somme chariottis
and hors ffor cariage, and summe grete sommes off money ffor
the same viage. By which lettres and manaces meny ffor ffeer
ffulfilled his wille. Wherthurh they were gretly poueryd and
oppresed, in grete derogacion off the liberte off holy chirche;
thurh the which doyng the kyng was fforswore.
2 Also, in meny grete counceilles ffor the kyng, whan the C° xxiij0
lordes off the Rewme, Justices and other were charged that they
shulde trewly counceille the kyng in alle thinges touching his
estate and Rewmes, The same lordes, Justices, and other offte,
whanne they yaff trewe counceille affter hir discrecion and witte,
they were bytterly blamed by the kyng, and reproved, that they
ner not hardy to say the trouthe ffor the state and profyt off the
kyng and off the Rewme.
1 Libertates ecclesie Anglicane, R.
2 This clause is omitted in the Annales.
KINGSFORD D
34
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f. 32*° Also, the Tresour, Corounes, Relikes, and other Jewelles, that
C° xxiiij0 were goodes off the Rewme, the which off olde tyme were leffte
and kepte in the suffisaunt warde off his Rewme x, fifor worship
off the kyng and kepyng off his Rewme ffor alle manere happes
and chaunces, The same kyng, whan he went to Irlond toke2
away alle the Jewelles, and lete hem be bore with him with oute
the assent off the States off the Rewme ; wherthurh the Rewme
was gretly hyndred and enpoueryd, But yiff that god off his
ordinaunce had other wyse ordeynyd off the takyng off hem
ayein 3. And more ouer, the same kyng lete do away and Race
alle the Rolles off Recorde touching the State and the gouern-
aunce off the Rewme, to grete prejudice off the peple, and
derogacion off the Crovne off the same Rewme, and, as yt is
lyke to trow, into grete ffavour and susteynyng off his evyll
governaunce.
c° xxvt0 Also, the same kyng is wont off custome ffor to be so variable
and ffeynyng in his wordes and writynges, and also contrarie to
him sylff, And specially in writyng to the pope and to other
kynges and lordes without the Rewme, and also with Inne to
other subiettis off his4, That almost ther was no levyng man
myht have notyse off his condicion, or myht trust in hym ; But
f. 33ro he was holde so vntrewe and vnstable that hit turnyd nat only to
sclaundre off his owne persone, but also off alle the Rewme,
And namely amonge straunge nacions off alle the worlde havyng
knowlich theroff.
C°xxvjt0 Also, ther as Landes, and Tenementes, goodes, and catell
off euery ffreman, by lawe and olde custome off the Rewme, alle
tymes here byforehand vsed, shulde not be take into the kyngis
hande, but yiff they were leffully fforfet : Neuerthelatter the
same kyng, purposyng and travaillyng to distroye thes lawes
and custumes, in presence off meny Lordes and off other off the
Cominalte off his Rewme, offte tymes seyde and affermyd that
the lyff of euery liege man off his, and also alle his landes,
and tenementes, goodes, and catelles ben at the kyngis wille
1 in Archivis Regni, R.
2 The MS. repeats toke.
3 nisi de recaptione Bonor. hujusmodi contra voluntatem del Regis, Deus
aliter providisset, R.
4 Pape & Regibus & aliis Dominis extra Regnum, & infra, ac etiam & aliis
subditis eius, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
35
without eny fforfetyng. The which hath euermore ben, and
is ayenst the lawes, and vsages off the fforseyd Rewme.
Also, thouh it hath be ordeyned and stablysshid by Statut C° xxvijmo
and parlement, and also sethyn confermyd, that no ffreman
shulde be take, ne that he shulde in no manere wyse be distroied,
ne that the kyng shulde not goo vpon hym, ne putte vpon hym, f. 33™
but by leefull doome off his peris, or ellis by law off lande:
neuerthelatter thurh the kyngis commandement, wille, and
ordinaunces, meny of his lieges have bene maliciously accused,
vpon that, that they shulde sey sumwhat opynly or pryvely,
that myht turne to shame, sclaundre, or hyndering off the kyngis
persone; And so her vpon were toke, and prisonyd, and ledde
afore conestable and Marchall off Englond, In Court Marchall.
In which Court the same liegis, that were accused, myht nat
to noon other answere be receyved, but that they were not gilty
in no thing, And that they shulde Justifye hem selff, aquyte, ne
defende, noon other wyse but by her bodyes ; natwithstondyng
yitt that her accusours and appellours weren yonge men, stronge
and hoole, and thoo that were accused were olde men vnmyhty
personed, and seke ; thurh which governaunce not only dis-
truccion off lordes and grete men kome ther thurh, But also alle
other persones off the cominalte off the Rewme in the same myht
ffolow : And therfore, sith the fforseyde kyng willfully hath with-
stonde thes Statutes and ordenaunces, yt ys no doute off but
that wylfully he ys fforsworn.
Also, the peple off the Rewme, by vertue off her liegeaunce, f- 34ro
be boundyn and streyned ynouh to the kyng. And that the XXVUJ
kyng may punyssh his peple off their trespace, and also amende
the lawes, and custumes off his Rewme, whanne nede ys.
Neuerthelatter the kyng coveytyng to ouerlede his peple and
to oppresse hem, that he may more ffreloker and souner haue
his purpos and inlefull wille, he komandyd by his lettres to alle
the shires off Englond, that alle his lieges what that euer they
be, as well Spirituell, as Temporell, shulde swere certeyn othes
in generall; the which weren riht odious vnto hem. The which
kyng2 was like to turne and cause the distruccion off his peple.
1 sue inepte & illicite voluntatis arbitrium, R.
2 A mistake for thyng. Cf. Rot. Pari, queque verisimiliter causare
possent.
D 2
36 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And that they shulde write and seel lettres and bondes vndir her
seeles to stonde and kepe the fforseyd othes x. To the which
commandement the peple off the Rewme obeyed, in as mych as
they wolde nat renne into the kyngis Indignacion, ne offende
hym ffor drede off deeth.
O xxix° Also, whanne parties, sewed in the Cristyn Courte In causes
and materes that only honged in hooly Chirche Lawe, and Juris-
diccion, sewden offte tymes to haue prohibicions oute off the
Chauncerie, fforto lete and delaye the processe and the plee
in Cristyn court, the which thing the Chaunceler off Rihtwysnesse
f- 34ro and trouthe Refused to graunte to eny partye : The kyng thouh
by his lettres vndir Signet streytly offte tymes fforbad and
kommanded the Justices off hooly Chirche Lawe, that they
shulde not proced fforth in dyuers causes and maters, brekyng
the libertes off hooly Chirche, the whiche ben conteyned in the
grete Chartre; the which the kyng was swore to meyntene, and
to kepe. And so is he fforsworn, and also ronne in the sentence
off cursyng, ordeyned and made ayens hem, that brekith the
liberte off the grete Chartre 2.
C° xxxmo Also, the same kyng, thurh his owne doome and Juggement,
and thurh his sotyll counceyll in his absence, with oute eny
resonable or lefull cause or eny other tytle or rihtfull processe,
ayens the lawes off his Rewme sworn to be kepte, hath Juggid
Thomas Arundell, Erchebisshop off Caunterbury, prymat off
England, his goostly ffadir, in his parlement sette envyron with
men off Armes aboute, the same Erchebisshop to perpetuel exile
and voydyng oute off the Rewme 3.
c° xxxjmo Also, by the Inspeccion off the Testament off the same kyng,
both vndir his grete Seel, pryvy Seel, and Signet yselled, amonge
f. 35r° other thynges this clause and Article that ffolwith is conteyned.
' Also we wole that alle the residue off oure golde, affter tyme
1 qd sub Uteris & sigillis eorum Juramenta hujusmodi roborarent, R.;
Juramentum, Annates.
2 Perjurium & sententiam Excommunicationes, contra hujusmodi violatores
a Sanctis Patribus latam dampnabiliter incurrendo, R.
3 The text of this clause in R. differs considerably : Item, dcus Rex Dnum
Thomam de Arundell Archiepiscopum Cantuar., totius Anglie Primatem,
Patrem suum spiritualem, in Parliamento suo viris armatis hostili more
vallato, tunc de callido consilio dcT Regis se absentantem, absque causa
rationabili, seu legitima, quacumque, seu alio Juris processu, contra Leges,
Regni, per ipsum ut prefertur juratas, in exilium perpetuum adjudicavit.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
37
' that the dewe dettes 1 off oure housholde oure chambre and
'our wardrope be payed, To the payement off which dettes we
' by qweth v M1 Ti2. And also fferthermore, reservyd and kept
' vnto our executours v or vj m1 markes, the which we byqweth to
' the sustenaunce and helpe off lepres, and to the ffyndyng off
' preestes to synge byfore hem, as it ys by vs at Westm'. and
'Bermundesey y-ordeynyd to be payed and spent by oure
'executours. We wole now that yt remeyne and dwelle vnto
' oure successour, vp on this condicion that he wole meyntene
' and kepe, Ratyfie, conferme, and Aprove alle the Statutes, and
' ordenaunces, and domes 3 in oure parlement bygonne and holde
' at Westm'., the xvij day off Decembre 4 in the xxj yere off oure
' Regne, And ffro that parlement contynued vnto Shrovesbury,
' and ther y-made and enacte 5. And also alle the ordenaunces,
' domes, and stablysshementes y-made the xvj day off Septembre
'at Coventre, the xxij yere off oure Regne, And at Westm'.
' affterward renewid and enacte 6, the xviij day off Marche the
' fforseyd yere, by auctoritie off the same parlement. And also
' alle the ordenaunces, and domes, the which by auctoritie off oure
' parlement shulde be made and ordeyned her afore. And ordeyne,
' and do ordeyne alle Thes Statutes and ordenaunces stedfastly f.
' to be kepte and meynteyned. And ellis yff oure fforseyd suc-
'cessour wole nat kege, ne do thes thinges, but refuse yt, as
' we trowe he wole nat; That thanne we wole that Thomas Duk
' off Surre, Edward Duk off Aumarle, John Duk off Excetre, and
'William Scroop Erie off Wiltshire, affter that the dettes off oure
' housholde, oure Chambre, and oure Warderope, be payed, And
'outake thoo v or vj m1 markes reservid to thentent above wretyn, yff
' they wole kepe and meyntene alle the Statutes, and Ordenaunces,
' Stablisshementes, and domes, and susteyne hem, and defende
' hem to her power, yee vnto the deeth and yt nede. That thanne
' they have, and reioyse alle the residue off golde afforseyd ; vp on
' the which Articles and eche off hem 7 we chargen her conscience,
' as they wole answere byfore god at the day off doome.' By the
1 veris Debitis, R.
2 Viginti milia librar., R.
3 omnia et singula Statuta, Ordinationes, Stabilimenta, et Judicia, R
4 Septembris, R. correctly. 5 facta, lata, & reddita, R.
6 facta, habita, & reddita, R.
7 super quibus omnibus et singulis, R.; super quibus et singulis, Annates.
38
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
which Article it is opynly knowe how, that the kyng hath
enforcyd hym sylff and other kursedly and wykkedly to meyn-
tene and sustene1 the Statutes and ordenaunces, which ben
wykked and fifulle off errour, and repugnyng to alle riht and
Reson ; and nat only in his lyff but affter also ; havyng no
consideracion to the perylles off his soule, ne the distruccion
off his Rewme and his lieges,
f. 36™ Also, the xj yere off kyng Richard, the same kyng, in the
C° xxxij0 chapeu off his Maner off Langle, in the presence off the Duk
off Lancastre, And Duk off Yorke, and off other meny lordes
beyng thanne there, desired, as yt semyd, that his Eme, the
Duk off Gloucestre, also beyng thanne there present, shuld haue
ffull truste off goode lordship and goode love off the kyng2,
swore wylfully vpon the holy sacrement, on the Autre in the
same Chapell, That he shulde neuer bere hevy herte ayens hym,
nor do, ne procure hym harme, ne grevaunce, ffor no manere
thing that was do, ne sayde by the same Duk ayens the kyng;
But gladly he wolde fforyeve hym alle his offence and trespace,
what euer yt were. And affter ward, nat withstondyng this grete
othe, the kyng, ffor the fforseyd offences and wordes putte vpon
hym ayens the kyng; And the kyng lete murthre the fforseyd
Duk off Gloucestre horrybly and cruelly, fforsweryng wylfully
hym sylff.
c° xxxiij0 Also, affter that oon off the Knyhtes off the parlement3 off
the fforseyde Rewme, havyng voys in the same parlement,
hadde opynly apechid there, byfore the kyng and alle the
States off the Rewme, Thomas Erchebisshop off Caunterbury,
vpon certeyn defautes and trespaces ayens the kyngis mageste,
f. 36™ as hit was vntrewly ther I-certefyed and done ; wher vpon the
same Erchebisshop fforthwith profryd hym sylff redy to answere
to the same thynges putt vpon hym. And ther vpon askyd
to be admyttyd by the kyng, knowyng wele hym sylff, as he
seyde, giltles; and fforto quyte hym, and declare him Innocent
off this matere4. Neuerthelatter, the same kyng, ymagynyng
1 pertinaciter manutenere et defendere, R.
2 ut Avunculus ejus Dux Gloucestr., tunc ibidem presens, de ipsius Regis
bene-placito plene consideret, R.
3 unus de Militibus Comitatuum, R.
4 satis plene confisus, ut dixit, se posse suam in ea parte Innocentiam
declarare, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399 39
by alle the weys and maners that he myht, to dystroye and
oppresse the same Erchebisshop, and brynge his State into
nouht, as yt was prevyd at the last ende, benygnly and with
gladde chere, spak to the same Erchebisshop in his kyngly
See, as he satte there. And counceyllyd hym, and prayed
busyly that he shulde holde hym styll at that tyme, and
answere not, abydyng vnto a nother tyme more covenable and
bettir ffor hym. The which day passed fforth ffro day to day
v dayes afifter and more. Alle the which tyme the kyng
trecherously and deceyuably begiled the same Erchebisshop,
counseillyng hym and seyyng that he shulde nat kome to the
parlement, but be stylle at his owne place, with oute eny
dysese or ffeer; ffor the kyng behiht hym trustely, that in
his absence ther shulde no manere harme, ne grevaunce be putte,
ne done ayens hym. And vndir that the kyng, in the same
parlement with oute eny maner resonable Cause, Juggid the f. 37rc
Erchebisshop, thanne beyng absent, to be exiled as longe as hym
lyst. And wolde nat suffre hym in no wyse kome to his
answere, takyng and dysperpelyng alle his goodes, ayens the
lawes of his Rewme, wylfully and ayens alle riht; wher thurh
he was forsworn. And fferthermore, in colouryng off alle this
wronge, he behiht, with ffeyre speche and glosyng wordes, vnto
the Erchebisshop to voyde and putte away alle thes wronges
ffro hym, and to arrecte hit, and putte hit to the dedes off other
men. Wherfore, the Erchebisshop, havyng a certeyn speche
with the kyng and with the Duk off Norffolk, and with other
lordes and States off the Rewme, seyde in manere off lamentacion,
that he was nat the ffirst that had ben exiled, ne shulde nat
be the laste, ffor he trowyd that with Inne shorte tyme the
same Duk off Northefolk and other lordes shulde ffolwe hym.
And anoon hit was certifyed the kyng, that the bytternesse and
menyng of alle thoo wordes shulde turne and sovne to the
kyngis persone. To the which thing, whanne the kyng herde
ther off, with a sobre chere, as he hadde be sumwhat astonyed,
answerde anoon : that he trowid wele, that hit myht wele happe
that he shulde be putte oute off his Rewme by his lieges. And
more ouer, he seyde, that yiff hit happyd so, he wolde goo to f. 37™
the place there as the Erchebisshop were. And in as mych
as the Erchebisshop shulde yeve ffull ffeyth to thes wordes and
4°
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
to this thing, The kyng showyd to the Erchebisshop a grete
Owche off golde, by the hemme off the kyngis cote, vndir his
vttir garnement wonderly y-fastenyd, seyyng to the Erchebisshop,
that whanne that euer he sent hym that Owche, ffor a tokne,
he shulde nat tarye to kome to him, where so euer he dwelte or
were. And fforto make the Erchebisshop to haue more truste
in his wordes, the kyng sent to hym counceyllyng hym, that
he shulde sende him pryvely alle his Jewelles and Ornamentes,
that longed to his Chapell. To that entent that he kepte hem
sauff, lest vndir the colour off the Juggement off his exilyng,
eny wronge or clayme were done to hynderyng off his goodes1;
the which counceyll the Erchebisshop, vpon the grete truste
that he hadde in the kyng, perfourmed. And whanne they
were sent to the kyng, and he hadde seyne hem, the kyng
dydd hem be putte and lokked in certeyn cofres, and made
oon off the Erchebisshopis clerkis to lokke hem. And kepte
the cofris to hym sylff. But he delyuered the keyes to the
Erchebisshopis clerke. And affterwarde he comandyd the same
cofres to be brake, with out eny wyttyng off the Erchebisshop.
And dydde his ffree wille with the same goodes. Also, the
same kyng bihiht the Erchebisshop trewly, that yiff he wolde
make him redy and goo to hampton, as thouh he shulde goo
oute off the Rewme, he wolde yitt ffor the Quenys prayer
countermande him ayen, and yeve him grace. And yff yt
hapne, the same Erchebisshop be out off the Rewme bytwene
that and Ester thanne next, with oute ffayle he shulde kome
thanne into England ; ne he shulde nat lose his Bisshopriche
in no manere wyse; and that he behiht hym trewly, sweryng
vpon the Crosse, that was seint Thomas Crosse off Caunterbury,
leyyng his hande ther on. ffor alle which bihestes not with-
stondyng, the kyng constreynyd him go oute off his Rewme.
And anoon he sent speciall lettres to the pope ffor his trans-
latyng. And in this manere wyse, and also by other ffraudes
and gyles off the kyng, The Erchebisshop, as a man off goode
ffeyth and Innocent off alle his menynge, was dysseyvably ouer
komyn and begilyd.
And ffor as mych as hit was sene to alle the States off the
Rewme, eche by hym sylff, and also alle in comvne, that thes
1 quisquam ad Bona pdca manus injuriosas apponeret, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
41
causes, crymes, and trespaces 1 biforeseid were sufficient ynow
and comvne to depose the kyng: And also considred his owne
confession, and knowlich, by hym sylfT y-made, off his vnsuffi-
sance and vnhabilite, and other thinges conceyued and expressed
in his renouncyng: Alle the States, with oon accorde and wille,
assentyd and consentyd2, that it shulde be procedid fforth to
the kyngis deposicion, ffor goode seurte, and tranquillite and
pees off the Rewme, and the comvne profyt. Wherfore the
States and the Cominalte off the Rewme, with oone assent
and wille, deputyd and ordeynyd certeyn commyssaries: That
is fforto say, the Bysshop off 3, The Abbot off
Glastynbury, the Erie off Gloucestre, the lorde off Berkeley,
Thomas Erpyngham, and Thomas Grey, knyhtes, and William
Thirnyng, Justice, that they shulde there yeve and bere opyn
sentence to the kyngis deposicion. And fforto depose the same
kyng Richard ffrom alle his dygnyte, and mageste, and kyngly
worship, and name, by the auctorite4 off alle the fforseyd States,
as in liche cases byfore olde tyme and custume hath be vsed
and done. And anoon the same commyssaries, this charge and
commyssion takyng vpon hem, and syttyng as domysmen affore
the kyngis See, havyng amonge hem deliberacion and counceyll f. 39"
off this matere, yaven sentence off this deposicion, y-wretyn in
Stede, name, and by the auctorite aforeseyd, and by the fforseyd
Bisshop of 5, oone off the seyde Commyssaries, the
same sentence off deposicion, by the assent and wille off alle
the commyssaries, was redde and reherced in thes wordes.
In the name of God ! Amen ! We, John the Bisshop off The
Assauen, John the Abbot off Glastynbury, Thomas Erie off ^eu™n-°ff
Gloucestre, Thomas Lorde off Berkeley, Thomas off Erpyngham, tenceoffthe
and Thomas Grey, knyhtes, and William Thirnyng, Justice, kyng0"
chosen made and deputyd speciall Commyssaries ffor the maters Rlchard-
that ffolowyn by alle the peris and worthy lordes off the Rewme
off Engelond, both Spirituell and Temporell, representyng the
state off alle the Rewme, Syttyng as by the assent off alle
1 Cause Criminum & Defectuum, R.
2 omnes status pdci unanimiter consenserunt, R.
3 A blank is left for the bishop's name, hit the scribe has written assauen
in the margin.
4 Dignitate, Majestate, et Honore Regiis, vice, nomine & auctoritate, R.
5 The bishops name is again left bla?ik.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the fiforseyde lordes1. Vndirstondyng and consideryng alle the
periuries, and meny crueltes, and other ffull meny crymes, and
harmes off the same kyng Richard in his governaunce in the
kyngdom and lordship aforeseyd, alle his tyme done and vsed.
The which poyntes were there afore alle the fiforseyd States
f. 39™ opynly shewyd and rehercyd, the which ben so opynly knowyn,
shewyd, prevyd, wytnessyd and dyffamyd, that they may in no
manere wyse be hydde, ne fforyet. And also vndirstondyng the
kyngis owne confession, knowlechyng, and holdyng2 hym sylff
vnhable, and ffor certeyn causes demying hym sylff vnworthy,
and vnsufficient, And vtterly vnprofitable to the Rewle and
goode gouernaunces off the Rewme and lordshippes fiforeseyd,
and off the rihtes and the appurtenances longyng therto. And
ffor his opne desertes, by the same kyng Richard shewyd and
knowlechid, worthely to be putte dovn, and off his owne propre
wille and commandement afore the fforseyd States publisshed,
notefied, and opynly tolde. We, havyng consideracion to the
maters and causes above seyde, with goode and diligent de¬
liberation, by the power, name, and auctorite commytted to
The vs, in this partye, We pronounce, discerne, and declare the same
the°SenS-°ff Kyng Richard affore this to have be and yitt to be vnprofitable,
tence off vnable, vnsufficient, and vnworthy to the Reule and gouernance
yngdeP°S" off the fforseyd Rewmes and lordshippes, and off alle the rihtes
and appurtenaunces longyng therto. And ffor the same causes
we pryve hym off alle kyngly dignyte, and worship, yiff eny
f. 40™ kyngly worship leffte in hym3. And hym in this manere,
ffourme, and title, we depose hym by oure Sentence dyffynytyve
in thes writynges 4, fforbedyng expressly to alle Erchebisshopes,
Bisshopes, and alle Prelates, Dukes, Marquys, Erles, Barons,
and Knyhtes, And to alle other men off the fforseyd kyngdom
and lordshipes, or off other places longyng to the same Rewmes
and lordshipes, subgetes and his lieges, what some euer they be,
that noon off hem ffrom this tyme fforth to the fforseyd Richard,
1 Temporales & ejusdem Regni Communitates omnes Status ejusdem
Regni representantes, Commissarii ad infra scripta specialiter deputati, pro
Tribunali sedentes, R.
2 recognoscentis & reputantis, ac veraciter ex certa scientia iudicantis, R.
3 si quid Dignitatis et Honoris hujusmodi in eo remanserit, R.
4 ipsum simili cautela Deponimus per nostram diffinitivam sententiam in
his scriptis, R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
43
as kyng and lorde off the fforseyd kyngdomes and Rewmes1,
neyther obeye, ne in no manere wyse be entendaunt.
Also the fforseyd States, desiryng fferthermore, that no thing procura-
shulde lak ne ffayle, that ouht to be done or requyred in thel°ur.st0,
rr ii* -A rr 1 • Resigne her
norseyd thinges, Eche off hem by him sylff ther vpon examyned, homages.
And alle togedirs with oone assent have chosen the same persones
and commyssaries, above y-nempned, ioyntly and disseueryd, her
procuratours to resigne and yelde vp vnto kyng Richard her
homage and ffewte, that they hadde made, and ouht to hym
byfore. And fforto shewe hym, yff nede be, alle the thinges
above seyde, that touchyn vnto his Deposyng and Renounsyng.
And anoone, as hit was knowyn that thurh the deposition, f- 4?™
Resignation, and causes fforseyd, that the Rewme off Englond off the
was voyde ffor the tyme : The fforseyd Herry Duk off Lancastre2 Rewme-
rysyng vp ffrom his place, and stondyng riht that the peple myht
se hym and byholde, merkyng hym mekely with the signe
off the crosse in his ffor heede, and in his breste, nempnyng
the name off Crist: The fforseyde Rewme so beyng voyde only
with the corovne and alle the membres longyng therto and his
appurtenaunces, he chalenged in Englyssh tunge, vndir the
ffourme off thes wordes.
' In the name off the ffadir, Sonne and Hooly Goost, I, Herry Chaleng-
' off Lancastre, clayme the Rewme 3 off Englond, And the Crovne j"e^^the
'with alle the membres and appurtenaunces. As I that am
' descendid by riht lyne off the Bloode 4, komyng ffro the goode
'lorde Kyng Herry the thridde. And thurh that riht, that
' god off his grace hath sent to me, with helpe off my kynne and
' off my ffrendis to recouer hit. The which Rewme was in point
' to be vndo ffor defaute off governaunce and goode lawe 5.'
Affter which chalenge and clayme, alle the Lordes, both f. 41™
Spirituell and Temporell, And alle the States, beyng ther
present, euery by hym askyd and also comunly, what they pepte that
ffeltyn or wolde say to that clayme and chalenge: The same shuide
States, with alle the peple, with oute eny difficulte or taryyng, Regne.
1 Regnorum aut Dominii, R.
2 The marginal note in R. is Vendicatio Regni facta per Henric. Ducem
Lane.
3 chalenge yis Rewme, R. ; this reiaume, this the corone, Annales.
4 appurtenances ther to, save the ryght blood, Annales.
5 and undoyng of the gode Lawis, R.; undoyng of the lawes, Annales.
44
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
consentyd, with oon accorde, that the fiforseyde Duk shulde
Regne vpon hem. And anoone the same Duk, made thanne
kyng1, shewyd to the States kyng Richardis Ryng, that he
yaff hym in tokne off expressyng off his wille. And thanne the
fforseyde Erchebisshop toke kyng Herry by the riht hande,
and ledde hym to his kyngly see. And whanne the same
kyng afore his see knelyng hadde prayd a while, the same
Erchebisshop off Canterbury, beyng with him the Erchebisshop
off Yorke, putte the same kyng and made hym sytte in his
Thesettyng Riall and Kyngly See, to grete Joye and plesaunce off the
Kyng in peple. And anoon, as silence was made and commanded, the
his see. Erchebisshop off Canterbury made a short collacion, vndir this
ffourme that ffolwith:
Vir dominabitur in populo. Regum ix°2.
f. 4ivo Thes ben the wordes off the hyh Kyng spekyng to Samuel
don off the an<^ teching hym whom he shulde ordeyne and putte Inne to
Ejehe- ^ governe the peple, whanne the same peple asked a kyng to be
Canterbury yoven hem. And nat with oute cause may thes wordes wele
theThjkyng seyde oure Lorde the Kyng, that now ys; the which
Herry. wordes yff they be Inwardly conceyved they shull yeve vs
matere off grete consolacion and comfort, ffor god thretith
nat vs as he thrette some tyme the peple by Isaye sayynge
Isaie 30 3 I shall yeve children to be her princes and gover-
nours; but off his mercy whanne that he is wratthid he hath
mynde off his mercy, and hath visited his peple. And now
shall nat as hit was byforhand childeryn have lordship in the
Rewme. But the lorde seyth to yow that a man shall have
lordship and dominacion on yow. ffor yt myht wele be seyde
off the governours off this Rewme, and off eche off hem now
late aforhand, that is to say off the persone off a childe, non
Inconveniently the wordes off the Apostle, wher he seyth
Corinth. ix° Whanne I was a childe I spake as a childe,
I savoured as a childe, I thouht as a childe. And in
Eccliast. 3°4 The Apostle seith, he spak as a childe ; he
1 Et statim ut idem Rex, R.
2 I Samuel ix. 17. The text of the collation is omitted in the Annales.
3 Isaiah iii. 4.
4 The reference to Ecclesiasticus is an error. R. reads II ecce ter dicit
Aptus.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
45
saverid and thouht as to the speche, yt ys certeyn, as a childe;
a childe is Inconstant in specheffor he wole lihtly speke
trewe thinges, And lihtly bihete ffals thinges ; But that he f. -
behotith he wole sone fforyete. And thes grete Inconvenientes
ben hevy thinges to the Rewme, ne hit is nat possible ffor
that kyngdome to stonde in ffelicite wher such condicions
regnyn. But now ffro suche defautes the kyngdome ys deliuered,
sith a man shall have lordship ther ovir, ffor to a man hit
belongith fforto kepe well his tunge. But now ther is no childe
that hath lordship but a man, the which is nat slydyng in his
tunge, and off whom I hope I may say that Ecclesiastes seyth,
ECC. ix°, Blessid be the man which is nat slidyng in his tunge.
And affter the Apostle seyth, I saverid as a childe, ffor wele
I wote a childe may nat savere but the thinges that ben plesing
and glosyng vnto him. And who that reprovith or vndirmyneth
him trevly, him lovith he not, but hatith hym passyngly. And
sumtyme trouth hath be so mych oppressed and leyde vndir
ffoot that no man durst speke. Therfore hit ffolowith, that
he that regned saveryd as a childe, but a man fforsoth saverith
no such thinges but wysdom only. Wherfore by the grace
off god hit may be seyde off this man as hit is seyde
ECCLIAST. x°. Blessid by the man that shall duelle in Wys-
dome. ffor as a childe lovith his lyff2, so a man saverith
trouth and wysdome. And therfore trouthe shall entre, and
fflateryng shall goo his way and voyde, the which hath do f.
so meny evilles in this kyngdom ; ffor a man shall be lorde
to the peple, which savourith and vndirstondith trouth and
wysdome, and nat vanyte and fflateryng. The thridde tyme
it is sayde, I thouht as a childe. ffor a childe stondith only
to done alle thinges wylfully, and nat by Reson. And therfore
whanne a childe regnyth, thanne selff wille and luste regnyth;
and Reson is outlawyd, wher that wille only regnyth and Reson
goth his way; And stedfastnesse is chased; And so it ys lyke
grete perylle to ffalle. But off this perylle we ben delyuered.
Quia vir dominabitur in populo 3. That is fforto seyn he that ys
nat a childe, but parfyt in Reson. ffor I kome nat to do my wille,
1 Quantum ad loquelam, certum est qcf Parvulus inconstans est in
loquendo, R.
2 diliget vanitatem, R. 3 R. omits in populo.
46
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
but his wille that sent me, that is fforto say goddis wille. And
therfore off this man we shall nat only say, that he shall duelle
in wysdome, but as a man and nat a childe he shall thenke
in his wytte the circumspeccion off god. That is to say he
shall loke diligently all aboute that goddis wille be done, and
nat his. And therfore in stede off a childe wilfully doyng his
luste, now shall a man be lorde to the peple. And this man
shall be such oone that it shall be seyde, the kyng shall regne
and be wys. And he shall do doome, and eke Rihtwysnesse in
erthe. The which thing god graunt, &c.1
f. 43ro The which collacion whanne it was done and thus ended, the
same kyng Herry to putte his subgettes in Reste seyde opynly
thanne thes wordes:
Thewordes ' Sires, I thanke god and yow Spirituell and Temporell and
inEnglisslf a^e States off the lande. And I do yow to vndirstonde2
that hit is nat my wille that no man thynk that by wey off
conquest I wolde disherite eny man off his heritage, ffraunchises,
or other Rihtes that him ouht to have, ne to putte him oute
off that he hath and hath hadde by goode lawes and custumes
off the Rewme: excepte thes persones that haue ben ageyns
the goode purpos and the comvne profyte off the Rewme.'
Assigne- And fforth with anoone, by cause off the voydance off the
JusticesthC kyngis See ther a lityl ffore y-hadde by the cesyng and
deposyng off that other kyng3, alle the powre the mene while
off alle the Justices, Shereves, and other officers thurh the
Rewme was cesed and voyde. And ffor that delayyng off
Rihtwysnesse and lawe myht turne vnto grete hinderyng off
the peple, The kyng ordeyned ther his principall officers and also
f. 43t0 his Justices ; And they weren thanne sworin ther to the kyng in
maner and ffourme as they have ben sworin ther a fforehand.
Assigne- And ther anone by the kyngis commandement it was opynly
kyngi°ffthe Proc^amyd, that the Monday next affter the ffest off Seynt
Corona- Michell thanne next ffolowyng ther shulde be a parlement ther
holdyn and done: And that the Monday thanne next affter,
that is fforto say in the ffest off Seynt Edward, the coronacion
1 R. stops with justiciam in terra. 2 wyte, R.
3 R., which seems to be corrupt, begins: Et protinus hoc attento, quod
p . . . prius vacante sede Regali per Cessionem & Depositionem pdcis.
Annates : Attento igitur quod prius vacante ... praedictas.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399 47
off the kynge shulde ben at Westm'.: And that alle thoo that
wolde or owyn fforto chalenge eny service to do in that
coronation, by vertu off her duetes that longen therto, They
shulde kome to the White Halle in the kyngis paleys, afore
Staward, Marchall, and Conestable off Englond, the Saturday
next affore the same day off the parlement, and put vp here
peticions that ben due and rihtfull; To whom ffull Rihtwysnesse
shall be done in the same thinges.
And as touchyng the abreggynge off the day off the parle- Protesta-
ment assigned, ther was a protestacion ffor the kyngis partie; " °„goff
That is fforto say that hit was nat his entent that eny Herry.
preiudice shulde kome theroff to the States off the Rewme,
ne that hit shulde nat be Takyn into ensample theraffter; f. 44r°
but at the abreggyng was only done ffor goode and profyt
off the Rewme, And specially fforto eschewe dyuers labours
and expenses off some off his lieges, And that due Remedye
myht the souner be ordeyned vpon grevaunces off the peple.
The which thinges whanne alle was done, the kyng roos vp
off his See Riall, and went thens and made and helde a grete
ffeeste in the White Halle to alle the lordes and gentylles that
ther were gaderid in grete multitude the same dayx.
And affterward the Wedynysday next ffolowyng the same Procnra-
procuratours above specified, as it is byforeseyd, went to Kyng t°Ukyn™ent
Richardis presence beyng thanne in the Tour off London as Richard
hit was commanded hem : And the fforseyd Justice, sir William, reslgne her
ffor him and ffor all his ffelawes procurours, In the name offhomage-
alle the States and peple off the Rewme, notefied to the same
Kyng Richard the Admyssion off his Renouncyng, And the
manere, cause, and ffourme off the Sentence off his deposyng,
And ffully declared hit. And anone they Resigned and yove
vp to Kyng Richard alle the homage and ffeute to hym afore-
hand made in thes wordes 2.
And anone the kyng made his Officers that is fforto say f. 44™
1 Rex de Sede sua Regali surgens, & Populum vultu hilari & benigno
respiciens, abinde populo congaudente recessit et in Alba Aula pdca commun.
Regni, Proceribus ac generosis illuc in multitudine maxima congregatis,
eodem die solempnissime celebravit, R.
2 In R. and the Annales the English speech of Thirnyng to the king then
follows. But fro7n this point the narrative in our Chronicle ceases to follow
the official record. The Annales henceforth rese7nble the Chronicle more
closely than R.
48 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Officers the Erie off Northumberlond Conestable off Englond, The Erie
Rewme. off Westmerland Marchall off Englond, Sir John Scarle Chaun-
celler off Englond, And toke hym his grete seell, John Norbury,
Squyer, Tresorer off Englond, Sir Rich. Clyfford keper off his
prive seel, and other officers. And ffor as much as the kyng
was changid all plees in euery place weren surcesed, and weren
with oute day dyscontynued; and newe wrettes were made
ffor the parlement vndir the name off Herry ayens the Monday
thanne next ffolowyng, at which day the parlement thanne
was pronouncyd. And the Erchebisshop off Canterbury declarid
fferthermore, that the kyng was avysed fforto be crovnyd
in the ffeste off Seint Edward, that is fforto say the Monday
affter. And the parlement was putte in respyte tyl the
Tywysday, the morwe affter seint Edward, with Inne which
tyme, that is fforto sey the Soneday on Seynt Edwardis evyn,
Kyng Herry ete in the Tour off London.
The newe And ther he made certeyn knyhtes: that is fforto say three
made.65 °^ the kyngis sonnes, The Erie off Arundel, The Erie off
f. 45ro Warwyk sonne, The Erie off Stafford, ij sonnes off the Erie off
Devenshire, The Lorde Beaumonde, The Lorde Willuby brother,
The Erie off Staffordis brothir, The Lorde Camoys sonne, The
Lorde off Maule, Thomas Beauchamp, Thomas Pelham, John
Loterell, John Lyle, William Hankeford, Justice, William Bryn-
chesle, Justice, Berth. Rocheford, Gyles Daubeney, William
Botaller, John off Ash ton, Richard off Sanap, John Typtot,
Richard ffraunceys, Henry Percy, John Arundell, William
Strawle, John Trumpyngton, Almare Seyntaumer, Edward
Hastynges, John Grasle, Gerard Satell, John Ardern, Robert
Chalons, Thomas Dymmok, Latemer, Dencort, Hungirford,
Gybthorp, Newport, and other to the somme off xlvj knyhtes2.
And the same day the meir off London roode toward the Tour
with certeyn peple off the same citee, clothed alle in Rede.
And ffro the Tour the kyng roode thurh the Citee to Westm'.
And the Meir and the citezeins, And the newe knyhtes, riden
byfore the kyng well arrayed, her hoodes ffurred with Menever.
1 J. Scaarle praecepit, ut Sigillum reciperet, cum officio Cancellariae,
Anna/es, 282.
2 The Annales, 291, simply record that the king made amplius quam
quinquaginta milites.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
49
And the Moneday next affter in the ffest off Seint Edward, The Coro-
the same kyng Herry lay vpon a cloth off golde before the hyh anoyntyn^
awter in Westm'. Chirche. And there in ffoure parties off his off kyng
body his clothes weren opyn, and there he was anoynted, with ^45*9
Veni Creator Spiritus y-songyn. And affter this anoyntyng his
body was leffte vp into another place. And ther with grete
solempnyte was corovned, and Te Deum Laudamus was ryally
songyn. And Thomas Arundel, Erchebisshop off Caunterbury,
dyd the solempnyte. And whanne alle was done alle the peple
went to Westm'. halle to mete.
And ther the kyng was sette in his see, and the Erchebisshop The Rewle
off Caunterbury, The Bisshop off London, The Bisshop off Corona^
Wynchestre, and other Bisshopes on the riht hande off the kyng cion.
setyn at the same hyh Table. And the Erchebisshop off Yorke,
The Bisshop off Dirham, The Bisshop off Excetre, and other
Bisshopes satyn on the tother hande off the kyng at the same
Table. Herry prince off Walys, Duk off Cornevaylle, and Erie
off Chestre was on the riht hande off the kyng with a newe
swerde in his hande, poynteles, the which bitokenyth pees. The
Conestable off England was on the tother syde with a nother
swerde. And the Ceptres weren holde In yche partye off the
kyng, oon ceptre on the ton syde, and a nother on that other,
alder next the swerdes. And on the riht syde off the Halle at f. 46r®
the secounde table satyn the V Portes well arrayed in Skarlett.
And at that other syde table in the Halle, at the secounde
table, satyn the Mair, Recordour, and Aldermen off London in
oon suyt, also in Skarlett. And the Dukes of Aumarle, Surrey,
Excestre, Markys, Warrewyk, and other stoden byfore the kyng
at mete. And in the same tyme kome one Thomas Dymmok, The servise
knyht, wele y-armyd, ridyng on the secounde beste hors off the
kyngis, fforto done his servis ffor his Tenour, with two knyhtes
ridyng with him. The tone beryng his spere, and the tother
his shelde. And an heroude off Armes went by hym on his
ffeet, and hadde the wordes ffor the same Dymmok, and seyd
thus:—
' Iff ther be eny man hyh or lowe, off what astate or condicion chalenge
he be, that wole say that Herry kyng off Englond that here is, £^ym~
and was this day corovnyd, that he is not rihtfull kyng ne riht-
fully corovnyd, anoon riht or ellys at what day oure lorde the
KINGSFORD E
5°
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
kyng wole assigne, I wille darrayne bataylle with my body and
preve that he lieth ffalsly.' The which proclamacion was made
thurh the Halle in ffoure places off the Halle at this mete while,
f. 46™ by the same herowde off Armes bothe in Englyssh and in
ffrenche. And affter he voydyd the Halle, and the Revell
endyd.
And the Tewysday thanne next fifolowyng, that is fforto say
the morwe affter Seint Edwardis day, bigan the parlement
in grete Halle off Westm'. And certeyn lordes komen and made
her homages. And Sir John Cheyne spekyng ffor the Comvnes
made protestacion in manere as it ys vsed off olde tyme; prayyng
the kyng furthermore, that he wolde graunte hem her libertes,
fifraunchises, and custumes in tyme off youre olde progenitours
graunted and vsed, The which were graunted hem and ben
profitable ffor the Rewme.
And the Wednysday fifolowyng the Comones and Sir John
Cheyne excusid him ffor the Speker fforth ffor the Comvnes, ffor
dyuers Infirmites and maladies that he hadde. And ther he
was dischargid. And on William Durward, squyer, was chosyn,
which rehersid the protestacion l.
Th^d Showeth vnto yow ffor the Comones, that in the tyme off the
nullyng off laste kyng Richard, ther was a parlement holdyn at Westm'.
ment niade ^ere 0^ re£ne XXJ*' which was nouht dewely somonyd;
the xxj and hit was holde by fforce and strenth, and hit was nat profit-
yere* able to the Rewme. Therfore they prayen, that the same
parlement may be Annullid ; And affter the lordes with Inne
examyned. And ffor meny horrible causes that ther weren
declared, the fforseyd parlement was Annullyd and holde ffor
nouht.
The Parle- And the Comones prayden, that the parlement holden at
x^yere ^ Westm'., the xj yere off the same kyng Richard, ffor dyuers
affermyd. causes myht beholde fferme and stable, and holde ffor goode.
And so hit was, and ther affermyd.
And the kyng him sylff seyd, that at the forseyd Shrewed
parlement there were meny Tresons ordeyned, that were nat afore-
hand, And euery worde that was ayens the Crovne was holde ffor
Treson ; wher herfore we wole ffro this day fforth that ther be
1 Cf. Annates, 302.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
5i
holde no moo Tresons but thoo that weren in tyme off oure
noble progenytours, And thoo that ben ordeyned by the olde
Statutes. j
And affter the comones prayden, that alle thoo that had f. 47"
fiforfait eny londe in this last parlement, that they myht entren
Inne anoon ayen with oute eny Suyte off Law, nat withstondyng
eny alienacion made the mene tyme. And yiff ther were eny
Rasyng vpon the Rolles, ffynes, or Taylles, touching the fforseyd
londes, that thanne they myht ben amended. To the which
thing there was noon answere yoven at that tyme.
And the same day, Herry the Kyngis sonne, by the assent Ellecdon
off alle the Astatis in the parlement, was chosyn and made p^nce.
Prince off Walys, Duk off Cornevaylle and Erie off Chestre, as
Heyr Apparaunt to the kyng and to the crovne off Englond;
the which prince was brouht byfore the kyng. And the kyng
syttyng took a coronall of Perry, and putte on his heede; and
kyssid and blissid him ; And took him a Rodde off golde. And
so was he made Prince.
And the Thursday the Comones komyn and Reherceden alle The ffyve
the Errours off the last Shrewed Parlement, and namely v in errourb-
certeyn. The ffirst Errour ; they seyde to the kyng, that youre f. 48ro
Sylff were redy to darreyne oone Appele bytwene yow and
the Duk off Northffolke. And nat withstondyng that, ye were
exiled terme off yeers with oute Resonable cause. The Secounde
Errour; that oure Metropolitan, that is fforto say the Erche-
bisshop off Caunterbury, was fforjuggid with oute answere. The
Thridde Errour ; that the Duk off Gloucestre was mordrid, and
affter his deeth fforiuggid. The ffourthe Errour is, that the Erie
off Arundel alleggid his chartre off pardon, And hit was nouht
allowed. The ffyfte Errour: that alle the power off this evill
parlement was putte in 00 persone, the which Errour, as vs
thinkith, myht neuer be made, but by thassent off hem that
weren prevye off the kyngis Counceyll that last was. The
which they preyden, that they myht ben arrest and putte in
warde in to tyme that it were other wyse ordeyned.
And the same day was Sir William Bagott brouht to the
Barre, and a bille made by hym in Englysshe was opynly redde
in the maner ffolowyng :—
' Thes ben the poyntes the which Sir William Bagott hath in f. 48™
e a
52
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Bagottis knowleching. The same William knowlechith, that he hadde
Englysshe. hefde the kyng say in dyuers parlementis and to dyuers knyhtes,
that he wolde have his purpos and his luste off dyuers maters,
some in oo parlement and some in a nother, or ellis he wolde
dyssolven his parlement. And whanne it were dyssolvid, he
made stryke off her heedes, that weren letters off his parlement
and off his purpos. And with such hyh wordes off manace his
wille and purpos was obeyed and perfourmyd, as wele off lordes
as off comoners. And the same William knowlecheth ; that the
kyng seyde to him at Lychefelde, that he desired neuer lenger
to levyn thanne that he myht se the Crovne off Englond in al
so hyh prosperyte, and so lowely be obeyed off alle his lieges,
as hit hadde ben in eny other kyngis tyme; havyng consideracion
how he hadde ben oppressed and dysobeyed as well by his
lordes as by his comvnes; so that hit myght be cronycled
perpetuelly that with wytte and wysdome and manhode he hadde
recouered his dignyte, Regalye, and honourable estate ; with
that condicion that he Renounced the Crowne on the morowe.
Seyyng, more ouer, that yiff he wolde Renounce, the most able
man off wysdom and off manhode that he knewe to Renounce
f- 49r0 hit to, were The Duk off Aumarle, and askyng myn avys. I
seyde: " be my trouthe I wyst wele the peple wolde nat obeye to
him." And the kyng seyde, my wille were bettir to the Duk off
Hereford. " And yff he be kyng, he wole be as wilde a Tyraunte
to holy Cherche as euer was eny." And I helde my pees, and
durste speke no more; yitt seyde the kyng: " meny goode
confessours haue ben off his auncestres and off myn, that neuer
wrouht ayens hooly chirche." And also the same William seyth,
that in the moneth of Octobre, the xx yeer, he roode behynde
the Duk off Northfolke in Savey Strete to Westm.' ward. And
the same Duk askid me whethir I wyst ouht the maner off the
Duk off Gloucestre; and I seyd : "nay be my Trouth, But the
peple seyth that ye have murdred him." And he swore grete
othes nay; And that he hadde savyd his lyff ayens the entent
off the kyng and other certeyn lordes three wekis and more.
And the Duk seyd at he was neuer so afferde off deeth, as he
was at his komyng home ayen ffro Caleys to the kyngis presence,
by cause that the Duk was nat deede. And thanne the kyng
assygned a man off his owne to goo with him to Caleys, and
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
53
men off other certeyn lordes to se the execucion off his murdre ; f. 49"
sweryng as he wolde answere tofore god that hit was neuer his
wille that he shulde be I-deede but only ffor drede off the
kyng, and eschewyng off his owne deeth. Natheles he seyde,
that ther was no man in the Rewme off England that the kyng
was so muche holde to as to the Duk off Aumarle, ffor he sett
him on the ffirst purpos off takyng off the lordes and off the
parlement, and off alle the fforfetours and off alle other thinges.
And also the same William seyth, that he herde the kyng sey
and makyng a vowe at Chiltrin Langley in Marche last that the
Duk off Lancastre, that now ys, shulde neuer kome into Englond
while he were on lyve. And rather thanne he shulde, he wolde
sette in her astates the Duk sonne off Gloucestre, And the Erie
sonne off Arundell, And the Erlis sonne off Warwik, and alle
other fforiugged at laste parlement in withstondyng off his myht
and off his malice. And ther he toke his purpos vtterly to
revokyn his patent off his homage by attourne, other off his
ffyne makyng by generale attornes. And off thes maters with
the circumstances off meny other maters, the same William sent
to the Duk off Lancastre into ffraunce by Roger Smert; and
prayd hym to certefye hym that the kyng was his ffull enemy,
and that he shulde helpe him sylff with manhode. Which f. 5or®
maters the same Roger knowlechid by ffore Piers of Bukton
and other that testefied hit to him. And also the same William
seyth, that he herde the Duk off Aumarle say to Sir John
Busshey and to Sir Henry Grene, " I hadde lever thanne xx M1 ti.
that this man were deede." And they seyde to him : " which
man ? " And he seyde: " the Duk off Hereford, nough ffor drede
that I have in his persone, but ffor Sorowe and Remoors, that
he ys shaply to make with Inne this Rewme."'
Affter whiche bille, whanne hit was redde, the Duke off
Aumarle roos vp and seyde, that as touching thes pointes
concernyd with Inne the bille that weren putte vpon him,
ben vtterly ffals ; and that he wolde preve with his body, in
what maner that euer he shulde.
And thanne the Duk off Excestre roos hym vp and seyd
to Bagot, ' yff ye kune say eny thing vp on me say it opynly.'
And he seyde he kowde no thing say. But he sayde : ' ther is a
yeman in newgate, callyd Halle, that kan telle and say off yowe.'
54
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f. 50™ And thanne seyde the Duk off Excestre: 41 shall say, and sayde
off the°rdeS last kyng and the Duk off Northfolke and ye weren
Duk off at Wodestoke; and ther ye made me goo with yow into the
Chapell, and the doore was shette. And ther ye made me
swere vp on the awter fforto kepe counceyll that ye wolde shewe
to me. And thanne ye rehersed ther and seyde that we shulde
neuer haue oure purpos but affter the deeth off John, late Duk
off Lancastre. And that ye were avysed to have a counceyll at
Lychefelde, and affter that counceyll that ye wolde youre sylfif
areste the same Duk off Lancastre. And after this arest in
Chaufif medley1 his heede shuld have be smyten off. And
in this manere ye ymagyned his deeth. To the which I answerde,
that tyme, that the Kyng Richard shulde sende affter his coun¬
ceyll. And yiff they agree hem, I agree me also. And in this
maner I departyd.' To which mater Bagot answerd riht nouht.
And affter this the kyng commandyd to the Lorde Berkeley,
and the Lorde Lovell to goo to Newgate affter mete with
f. 51™ vj knyhtes off the Comones, fforto Examyne the yeman, and
to certifye the counceyll. And the Saterday thanne next affter,
Sir William Bagot and John Halle weren brouht to the Barre.
And Bagot was apposid off certein maters, and sent ayen to
prison.
And as touchyng Halle the Clerke off the parlement redde
a bille 2 afore the peple, touching the murdre off the Duk off
Gloucestre, And how the Duk off Aumarle hadde sent twoo
yemen to Caleys fifor the same Deeth. And how that Halle
was keper off the doore off the Chaumbre, whanne the Duk
off Gloucestre was do to deeth, and whanne he was putte in
a ffether bedde. And ther twoo yemen, that is fiforto say Serle
and ffraunceys, stranglid him to deeth. To the which bille the
Duk off Aumarle answerd excusyng hym off the deeth.
TheAppele And thanne the Lorde ffitz Walter roos vp and seyd to the
Lorde ffitz kyng: 'Ther as, wher the Duk off Aumarle excuseth him off
Walter. the deeth off the Duk off Gloucestre, I say that he was cause off
f- 5lV° his deeth. And also he appelid hym off Treson, and so was he
cause ; and this shull I preve with my body, and se here my
wedde ': and threwe fforth his hode. And xx other lordes and
1 by chaunce medley, Fabyan.
2 Cf Rot. Pari. iii. 452, where the bill is given at length.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
55
Barons threwe also her weddes ffor the same querelle ayens the
Duk off Aumarle.
And the Duk off Aumarle seith ayens the Lorde ffitz Walter,
that he assentid neuer to the deeth off the Duk off Gloucestre,
ne hit was neuer his wille ; and that he lyed ffalsly : And profred
his vvedde, and threwe fforth his hode vpon the erthe ayens the
Lorde ffitz Walter. The which weddes weren deliuered to the
Conestable and Marchall off Englond, and the parties arested.
And thanne the Duk off Surrey roos vp and seyd to the lorde
ffitz Walter: ' ye seyn that the Apele was cause off the deeth
off the Duk off Gloucestre, and I say that we were compelled to
sewe the same Apele in the same manere as ye were compellid
to yeve the Juggement ayens the Duk off Gloucestre and the
Erie off Arundell, so that that suyte was done By cohercion. f. 52™
And yiff ye say the contrarye ye lye ffalsly 5 ; and ther with
threwe dovn his wedde.
And the lorde ffitz Walter seyd, that he yaff noo Juggement
vpon hem, ne was nat at that tyme in the parlement ; and this
was witnessed by alle the lordes.
And as touchyng the tother poynt the Duk off Aumarle seyth
that: 'yiff the Duk off Northf.' wole say that I sent to Caleys two
yemen ffor the deeth off the Duk off Gloucestre, I say that
he lyeth ffalsly, and that shall I preve with my body'; And
profred his wedde redy and threwe fforth an hoode, which he
hadde borowid. The which was delyuered to the Conestable,
and Marchall off Englond ; and the kyng yaff the Duk off
Northf' leve to kome, fforto darreyne this appele 1.
And affterward the lordes were examyned what peyne the
same John Halle hadde desyrved ffor his knowyng off the deeth
off the Duk off Gloucestre ; and the lordes seyden, that he were
worthy the moste grete peyne and penaunce that he myght f. 52™
have.
And so the Juggement was that the same John Halle shulde The Jugge-
be drawe ffro the Tour off London to Tyborne, and ther his
bowelles shulde be brent and affterwarde he shulde be hangid
and quarterid and byhedid. And his heede y-brouht to the same
place, wher the Duk off Gloucestre was murdred.
1 Cf. Annales, 310, where there is a somewhat different and less detailed
account.
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And thanne the comones prayden that thoo that were preve
off the counceyll off Kyng Richard, late kyng, that they myht
ben arrested ; And namely the Spirituell lordes as wele as the
Temporell. ffor there were certeyn Bisshopes and ffreres that
seyden late to Kyng Rich, that they hadde ffounde by calculacion
and nigremancye that he shulde be distroyed, But yiff hit were
so that certeyn lordes off the Rewme were putte to deeth ; and
so they were cause off the deeth off the lordes. And the kyng
answerde that he myht not do that with oute that he knewe her
names.
The prayer And thanne the comones prayden fforto here the Recordes
°ff the the iaste cursed parlement, ' ffor by thoo Recordes we shull be
comvnes. r ' J
f. 53ro enfourmed off her names '; the whiche weren shewed at the next
day, that is fforto say the Tewysday, ffor the Moneday was the
Octaues off Seint Edward and off the Coronacion, the which day
the kyng wolde nat ocupye.
And thanne the Tewysday, the kyng was occupyed aboute
the Ambassatours off ffraunce. And the Wednysday ffolowyng
the comones prayden : that ffor as myche as Richard late hath
resigned his crovne and ys deposid ffor horrible causes, Therfore
it is resonable as ffor a nother man what Juggement he shall
have, and that hit be so done and ordeyned ffor hym that the
Rewme be nat trouble by hym ; and that thes horrible causes
mowe be redde, shewed, and declared thurh England in euery
shire, and that the Rewme be nat disclandrid ffor the fforseid
deposyng ; the which prayer was graunted hem.
Touching And affter the comones seyn that the Duk off Bretaigne hath
Bryuygneff sent to kem litres seyyng that he ys disherite off his heritage
in England by the Erie off Westmerland, by cause off an olde
title; and that the marchantz and other off your lieges pleynyn
f. 53vo and seyn they durre nat passe the see but yff there be an ende
ymade. And the Duk off Bretaigne hath knowlechid by his
lettre, that he wole be Justified as an other liege; wherfore
lykith it to yow to putte the riht off his landes vpon the counceyll
off bothe parties, and vpon your wyse counceyll to make an
ende; the which was graunted vnto hem 1.
And after the recordes off the laste parlement, and the Apeles
1 Cf. Rot. Pari. iii. 427.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
57
and the comission made to xij persones, and many other recordes
were shewed. And thanne the comones prayed to have Mark-
ham the Justice, and Gascoigne Seriaunt of lawe, fiforto be off
her counceyll touching the Recordes. The which was graunted
hem, and day yove ouer to hem in the White Halle tyl on the
morwe. And there there 1 they were in counceyll therof iij dayes
affter, and ther they weren accorded of the Juggement off Kyng
Richard.
And the Moneday next ffolowyng, that is fforto say on Juggement
Symond eve and Jude, the comones prayden to here the Jugge-
ment off kyng Richard.
And the Erchebisshop of Caunterbury hadde the wordes, and
seyde that as touchyng the kyng, that now is, he hath grauntyd f. 54™
his lyff. But that he shall have perpetuell prison in place vn-
knowe to meny, in sauff warde, so that the kyng, that now is, ne
the Rewme shall not by hym be hyndred ne entroubled 2. And
affterward the comones prayden, that thos lordes and other the
which weren off kyng Richardis counceyll myht ben at her
answere ; the which was graunted hem.
And thanne the Wednysday next ffolowyng, that is fiforto seyn
the morwe affter Symond and Jude, alle the processe off the laste
evill parlement was y-redde opynly: with Inne which processe hit
was ffounde that the Erie off Warwyk hath knowlechid hym
selff to be giltlees 3 off Treson, and prayed grace and mercy. To
the which processe he seith, that he knowlechid neuer that by
mouthe, and that he wole preve in what maner that he
shall.
And with Inne the same processe the Appele was ffounde, The
to the which the Dukes of Aumarle, Surrey, Excestre, le Markes, Tppe^e
Salysbury and Gloucestre eche aunswerd by hym sylff that neuer off Ex-
they assented to this appele.' But mawgre hem they were
compelled and coartyd to do hit. And this they affermed
by her othes and also profred to preve hit in what maner they
shulde.
And than Sir Walter Clopton seyd to the comones : ' yff
ye wole take auauntage off the processe off the laste parlement,
takith hit, and ye shull wel be receyved therto.'
1 There repeated in error.
2 Cf. Rot. Pari. iii. 426, 427 ; Annates, 313. 3 A 7nistake for giltee.
58
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Tff l^Pl>e^e than aroos vp the Lord Morley, and seyd to the Erie of
Salysbury: that was he chieff of the counceyll with the Duk
off Gloucestre, And he was off counceyll with Kyng Richard.
And he seyd that he dyscoueryd the counceyll off the Duk
of Gloucestre to Kyng Richard, and so he was ffals and traytour
vnto his maystre, ' and that shall I preve with my body' ; and
profred his wedde, and threwe fforth his hoode on the grounde.
And the Erie of Salysbury seyde ayen to Morle, that he was
neuer Traytour ne ffals to his maistre, nediscoueryd his counceyll,
and that he lyed ffalsly ; and that wolde he preve, and threwe
f. 55™ fforth his gloves on the grounde. And ther vpon weren her
weddes delyuered to the Constable and Marchall off England ;
and the parties weren arrested, and day yoven to hem to a nother
tyme 1.
And the Monday ffolowyng, that ys fforto say the morowe
after alle Sowlyn day, the comones prayden that they were
not entred in the rolles off the parlement as parties to the Jugge-
mentis that were yoven in this parlement, But ther as they ben
in verrey trouthe partie and privy to ; ffor the Juggementis
longyn only to the kyng, save ther as eny Juggement ys yoven
by Statut made ffor the comone profyt off the Rewme; the
which thing was grauntyd 2.
And also the comones prayden fferthermore that no Justice
ne other that here ys off the counceyll off kyng Herry, that now
ys, excuse hem nat other wyse off eny Juggement or counceyll
yove by hem in this parlement, that they were off counceyll
where such Juggementis were yove by strenth, duresse, or co-
hercion, and that they durst noon other wyse do, that this
answere ne shulde nat another tyme be resceyved. To the
which was noon answere yove. But the comones prayden
that they mowe be entred off Recorde at the prins choys3;
the which was graunted. And the comones prayden ffor as
f. 55™ muche as the prince ys tendre off age, that he shulde nat
goo oute off this Rewme; ffor the comones ben enfourmed
that the Skottes be komyng with stronge hande, and they off
Irlond ben in poynt to chese a kyng amongis hem, and to dys-
clayme that they wole holde off yow, and also touchyng the
1 This scene is more briefly described in Annales, 313-4.
8 Cf. Rot. Pari. iii. 427. 3 Cf. id., iii. 434.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
59
enemyes off fifraunce; wherfore plese yt yow to ordeyne
remedye.
And the comones prayden that alle the Shereves mow account Shereves
in Thescheker by her othes, And at they and here officers be officers^
chaunged ffro yere to yere; the which was grauntyd1.
And the same William Durward ffor the shire off Essex
prayeth ffor as much as that shire off Essex hath payed ij m1
markes in thescheker fforto accompt by her othes, and nat-
withstondyng that paiement they done the contrarie. And the
kyng answerd that hit was nat his defaute2.
And affter Sir William Thirnyng, Justice, hadde the wordes The Jugge-
ffor the Styward off Englond and rehersedde alle the mater off
the last evyll parlement, holden the xxj yeer off kyng Richard,
And how thes lordes Appelid, and how thes Lordes appellauntes, f. 56ro
eche man hym sylff syngulerly, the Wednysday afore excused
hem in ffull parlement. And he rehersid that at this day that
no man koude say eny thing ayens hem. But that the Lorde
Morle appelid the Erie off Salysbury, And that the Lorde ffitz
Walter accused the Duk off Aumarle, and noon other thing was
seyde ther. And he declared fferthermore, that in the White
Halle amonge alle the Lordes thes Appellauntes weren examyned
syngulerly, and eche by hym sylff assentid and accordid that
they made this appele by cohercion and constreynyng off the
last kyng. And her vpon havyng consideracion to alle the states
off the parlement, and that no thing done by parlement may be
aiiigged Treson; And also that meny off the kyngis lieges
sholde be in the same caas ; And fforto be merciable at this
tyme:—
Hit was awardyd that the Dukes off Aumarle, Surrye, and
Excestre shulde lese her names off Dukes, and Markeis the
name off Markeis, and Gloucestre the name off the Erldome;
And that alle the landes that were yove to hem at the laste
parlement ffor thes cases shulde be sesed into the kyngis honde ;
And that her patentes touching the fforseyde londes shulde be
brought ayen into the chauncerye, ther to be annulled. ' And f. 56™
that yee fro this day fforth ne yeve no Lyuere, ne signe, ne
make no retenaunce, but ffor your owne hous and counceyll to
1 Cf. Rot. Pari. iii. 434.
2 Cf. id., iii. 434, 469-
6o
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
gouerne youre londes. And that ye be nat privily conseyllyng,
ne helpyng to kyng Richard in no thing off the Worlde; that
yff ye do ye shull be helde as Tray tours to the kyng.' And this
was her Juggement as ffor the maters aforseyd x.
And affterwarde kome the Erie off Salysbury and prayed
that he myht have his protestacion entred ayens the Lorde
Morlees Morle. And Morle anoon roos hym vp and seyde ; that shulde
Wordes.
he nat have,' ffor at youre ffirst answere ye made no protestacion,
and therffore ye aren passed hit now.' And the Erie prayd day
off avisement. And Morley seyth, that ffor as myche as he
hathe nat sufficiauntly pledid ayens hym, he prayeth that he
lese his auauntage.
And then Sir Mayhew Gurney, by the kyngis commandement,
syttyng vndir nethe the kyng, seyde to Erie off Salysbury : ' that
ffor as myche as at the ffirst day whanne that ye yove eny
answere ye made no protestacion, ne noon is entred off Recorde,
And so be ye passed that auauntage.' And askid hym yff he
wolde say eny other thing. And the Erie off Salisbury prayed
to be meymprised, the which was graunted hym. And the
f. 57ro Erie off Kent, Sir Rauff Iverie, knyht, Sir John off Roche,
Memprises knyht, Sir John Drayton, knyht, meymprised the same Erie
off Salys-rle body ffor body; and ffor the lorde Morfe alle the lordes and
thMEBarons knowleched to vndirtake ffor hym. But yitt ffoure
Morle. names were entred in speciall, that is to say the lorde Willuby,
Sir Will. Beauchamp, The lorde Skales, and the lorde off
Berkele; and they have day tyl the ffriday affter to make her
libell.
And affterward komyth the Lorde ffitz Walter, and prayed day
and place to darreyne his appele ayens the Erie off Rutteland.
And the kyng seyd he wolde sende ffor the Duk Northffolke,
' and whanne he is kome we wole procede in youre matere.'
And the same day the comones prayden, that ffor as myche
as in dyuers shires with Inne the Rewme weren late many
hundredis and libertes and ffraunchises annexed to the shires,
ffor the which the shereves weren charged in a certeyn somme
ffor alle the shire, and affter that tyme the ffraunchises ben
dissevered and dyssolved ffro the shire and yoven to other men.
1 Rot. Pari. iii. 451.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399
61
And nat withstondyng that, the shereves ben charged with the
hool somme and fifermes aforeseid ; And, fforto have her sommes f- 57TO
and her ffermes vp, they done meny grete extorcions into grete
hinderyng and empeyryng off the peple ; wherfore we pray yow
off amendement and remedye. And hit was graunted hem1.
And ffro this Monday the morwe after alle Sowlyn Day tyl the
Wednysday next byfore the fest of seint Clement parlement was
holden in the Chambre, in which tyme the comones prayed to
have here libertes and ffraunchises ; the which was graunted hem.
And also the same tyme sir William Rikhill, Justice, kome How
into the Chambre and excusid him opynly byfore all the peple
off the Sklaundre putt vpon him. And by examynacion of hem excused
that knewe the mater he was excused ; and afterward he was
restored to his office and state, confermyd by newe chartres
and patentes 2. And the same Wednysday next afore the ffest off
Seint Clement in the same Chambre afore alle the parlement
alle the prayers off the comones weren entred in a rolle and
opynly redde.
And at this day was ordeyned that no lorde Temporell ne f. 58"
Spirituell ne noon other ffro this day fforward shuld yeve no ancTsignes
lyuere ne signe, but the kyng hym sylff to his Gentilmen off
his housholde. And in presence off the kyng they shulde were
her lyueres, and nat in the kyngis absence ; ne no yeman off the
kyngis, ne noon other shulde vse eny lyuere in presence, ne in
absence, off the kyng. And alle shall be warned fforto leve
hem off bytwene that and candelmas, vpon peyne to make ffyn
and Raunson to the kyng, and fforto lose her ffees ffor euer-
more 3.
And also hit is ordeyned that no Lorde Spirituell, ne Temporell,
ne shall nat yeve no lyuere off clothes, ne off Ray to gentils off
the cuntre, fforto make eny retenaunce ; but only to her councell
off lawe, and to her officers.
And also hit is ordeyned, that certeyn persones shull be
sent to Rome, ffraunce, Hungry, Almaigne, Spaygne, Irlond and
other landes, that is fforto say iij persones to eche off the landes,
fforto declare the horrible cases off the deposyng off kyng
Richard ; and her names weren entred.
1 Cf. Rot. Pari. iii. 434, 446. 1 Cf. id., iii. 430-2.
8 Cf. id., iii. 428.
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f- 58vo Also hit was ordeynyd, that ffor as much as they off Chestre
haue do to Shropshire that is next to hit, and to other Shires
aboute hem meny wronges and horrible evyll dedes, that they
that ben harmyd shall sewe at the comone lawe, wher the
trespas ys done. And all thouh they that dydd the trespas be
with Inne the liberte and ffraunchise off Chestre, They shull be
take and brought fforth as a nother, nat withstandyng her
liberte1.
And also yt ys ordeynyd that euery ffissher that komyth to
London to selle his ffisshe, that he shall be receyvid to selle hit
to whom him lyst, and to whom that wole bye hit off him, nat
withstondyng eny ordenance made in the contrarie.
Generall And also the kyng hath ordeynyd and graunted to alle his
pardon. ]jeges generall pardon 2 off alle maner ffelonyes, trespases, escapes,
and alle other, except murdre, rape off Wymen, and notorye
theffes; And outake tho that were at the murdre off the Duk off
Gloucestre ; so that eche man that wole have benefete off this
pardon sewe his chartre bitwene this and alle holowmesse
next komyng. And the Erchebisshop hadde the wordes to the
lordes.
f. 59r® Nomina maiorum et vicecomitum London, tempore Regis
Henrici Quarti, qui coronatus est apud Westm'. in die
Translacionis Sancti Edwardi Regis et Confessoris
Anno domini millesimo cccmo nonagesimo nono.
r~u Tr 11 „ f Willelmus Waldern ) A „ .
Thomas Knolles j willdmus Hyde j Anno Primo.
In this same yere ther was a Rysyng off certeyn Erles and
lordes. And as they wolde haue passed into Walys ther was
takyn and byheeded at Surcestre3 the Erie off Kent and the
Erie off Sylysbury. And at Oxenford weren byheeded Sir
Thomas Blunt and Sir Rauff Lumley and Sir Benet Gyles4
knyhtes.
And Sir John Holonde, Erie off Huntyngdon and Thomas
Wynter 5 squyer weren byheeded at Plasshe in Essex, and her
1 Cf. Rot. Pari. iii. 440. 2 Cf. id., iii. 445.
3 Cirencester. 4 Cely, G., H.
5 Wyntreshull, H.; Wyntyrsylle, G.
I. JULIUS B II, 1399-1403
63
heedes weren sette vpon London Brigge. And Sir Bernard
Brokeys1 was byheeded at Tybourne. But Sir Thomas Shelle,
knyht, and Maudelyn and fferyby, clerkes, weren y-drawe and
hanged at Tybourne. And the lorde Spencer was byheeded
at Brystow.
And also this same yere the kyng roode in to Scotland. And f. 59™
the werre byganne in Walys By Oweyn off Glyndore.
Johannes ffraunceys { ^XL^Ebbotte }An"° Secundo"
In this same yere a quarter off whete was at xvjd. And
in this same yeer Sir William Sautry was degradyd off his
preesthode and brente In Smythfelde, ffor a Lollard and an
herrytyk.
T , cu j .if Willelmus Venour ) A ^
Johannes Shad worths T , , VAnno Tercio.
J { Johannes ffremyngham j
In this same yere dame Johan duchesse off Bretaygne was
weddyd at Wynchestre to Kyng Herry.
And after ther was seyn a sterre, that men callyd stella
Comata, In the West.
And in this same yeer the priour off Launde and Sir Richard 2
Claryngdon, knyht, with viij ffreres menours were y-hanged
at Tyburn in oon day.
Johannes Waleotej r^us ChieMe }Ann0 Quart0'
In this same yere was the bataylle off Shrewysbury on Marye f. 60™
Magdelynys evyn. In the which Bataylle was Sir Herry Percy
y-slayn, and Sir Thomas Percy y-take and kepte twoo dayes ;
and affter he was hangid and byheeded, and his heede with
a quarter off Sir Herry Percy sette vpon London Brigge.
And in this Bataylle was the Prince Herry shotte into the
heede with an Arowe. And the Erie off Stafford slayn vndir
the kyngis Baner. And meny other worthy lordes and knyhtes
and squyers weren y-doo to deeth.
furthermore in the same yeer the lorde Castell with a grete
multitude off Bretons and Normandes londid a myle out off
Plymmouth on Seint Laurence evyn an houre affter noone, and
1 Brocas, H.; Brokers, G.
! Roger, H., G., correctly.
64
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
komen to the tovne on the Bakhalfif. And there they were
all that day, and alle that nyht tyl it was x on the clok
on the morwe, and robbeden and spoyleden at her cwne
luste.
Willelmus Askham j Thomas Polle0^ } Anno Quinto-
In this same yere at the Pole 1 twoo myle out off Dertemouth
f. 6oro ther was a grete bekeryng bytwene Englysshmen and Bretons ;
wher thanked be god, there weren takyn, slayne, and drovned
more thanne v.c gentilles off Bretons and Normandes, and
off othir nacions. Off the which the lorde Castell was theyre
princypall chyveteyne, and he was ther y-take and slayne.
Also the same yeer William Serle, that was oone of hem that
murdred the goode Duk off Gloucestre at Caleys, was take
in the Marche off Scotland, and brouht to London. And ther
he was y-drawe and y-hanged and y-heeded.
T , tt- j ( Willelmus Louthe ) A c ,
Johannes Hinder u cm r Anno Sexto.
J { Stephanus Spilman j
In this same yeer Sir Richard Scrope, Erchebisshop off yorke,
and the Erie Marchall weren byheeded a lytyll out off yorke on
Whitsone Monday.
Johannes Wodekok j | Anno Septimo.
In this same yere all the weyrs that were bytwene London
and Medwey, and bitwene London and Kyngeston, vpward by
the meier and cominalte were distroyed, by cause they were
f. 6ir0 ayens the cominalte and ffrauncheise off London.
Rich' Whityngton j G^fridus^ooke" } Ann0 °ctava
In this same yeer Sir Herry Percy, Erie off Northumber¬
land, And the lorde Bardolff, komen out off Scotland with
a grete company, were y-slayne and y-heeded in yorke
shyre.
And the Erlis heede with a quarter off the lorde Bardolffis
weren sette vpon London Brigge. And the same yeer dyed Sir
Robert Knolles, that was a worthy knyht and a leder off the
1 Blake, before Pole, H.
I. JULIUS B II, 1403-1407
65
grete companye in ffraunce ; and he ys buryed at the ffreres
Karmes at London. And in the same yere at a parlement
holden at Westm'. the comones putte a bille vnto the kyng
off the Temporaltes beyng in Religious handes, off the which
the tenour seweth :—
To the moste excellent Redoubte Lorde the Kyng and to
alle the noble lordes off this present parlement, Shewen mekely
alle the trewe comvnes seyyng this sothely : oure liege lorde the
kyng may haue off the Temporaltes by Bisshopes, Abbotes and
Priours, y-occupyed and wasted provdely1, with Inne the Rewme
xv Erles and m1 v° knyhtes, vim cc Squyers, and c houses off f. 6iT0
Almesse mo thanne he hath now at this tyme, woll maynteyned
and trevly by londes and tenementes susteyned.
And euermore whanne alle this is perfourmed, oure lorde
the kyng may have euery yeer in clere to his Tresour ffor defense
off his Rewme xx m1 ti and more, as hit may be trevly prevyd.
And caste that euery Erie may spend by yere iij m1 markes off
londes and Rentes. And euery knyht c marces off Rent, and
iiij plow londe in his owne domeyns. And euery squyer xl marces
with ij plow londe in his domeyns. And euery house off Almesse
c marces by ouer sight off goode and trew sekulers, be cause off
preestes and clerkes that now haue ffull nyh2 distroyed all the
houses off Almesse with Inne the Rewme 3.
And also ffor to ordeyne that euery tovne thurh oute the
Rewme shulde kepeall pore meyne and beggers, which mowe nat
travaylle ffor her sustenance, affter the Statut made at Cambrigge.
And in caas at the fforseyde comones myht nat extende fforto sus-
teyne hem, than the fforseyd houses off Almesse myht helpe hem.
And how all this myht be done, wille ye witte that the
Temporaltes off Bisshopes Abbotes and Priours extende to
the somme off ccc m1 markes and xxij m1 markes by yeer.
That is fforto say off the Temporaltes off the Erchebisshop f. 62™
off Caunterbury with the two Abbeys ther, Shrevysbury4,
Coggesale and Seint Osyet ben worth by yeer xx m1 marces.
1 disordynatly wasted, Fabyan ; lewdlie spent consumed and wasted, Hall;
Walsingham translates literally superbe vastatis.
2 The M S. repeats haue after nyh.
:i house of Almesse an C marke with oversyghte of ij trewe seculers vnto
euery house, Fabyan.
4 Fabyan is clearer, Caunterbury with the abbeys of Cristes Churche, of
Seynt Augustyn's, Shrewsbury, &c.
K1NGSFORD F
66
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Off the Bisshop off Deram and the Abbey ther xx m1 marces.
The Erchebisshop off Yorke and two Abbeys ther xx m1 marces.
The Bisshop off Wynchestre and two Abbeys there xx m1 marces.
Clerkenwell with the membres xx m1 marces. And so amonteth
the ffirst c m1 marces.
The Bisshop off Lincoln with the Abbeys off Rumsey and
Peterburgh xx m1 marces. The Abbeys off Bury and Gloucestre1
xx m1 marces. Off the Bisshop off Ely with the two Abbeys
there, and Spalding and Lenton xx m1 marces. Off the Bisshop
off Bathe and the Abbeys off Westm'., seint Albon's and
Okeburn xx m1 marces. Off the Bisshop of Worcetre with the
Abbeys there, and Gloucestre, Enesham, Abyngdon, Evysham
and Redyng xx m1 marces. And so amonteth the secounde
somme, c m1 marces.
Off the Bisshop off Chestre with the Abbey there and Ban-
nastre, And off the Bisshop off London, Seint Dauid, Saylysbury
and Excestre xx m1 marces. Off the Abbeys of Revous, ffon-
teyns, Gervous, the Abbeys off Grace, Wardon, Ayryell, Waley
and Galey2 xx m1 marces. Off the Abbeys off Leycetre,
Waltham, Gysburn, Merton, Osney and Gircestre 3 xx m1 marces.
Off Dover, Batayll and Lewes, Coventre, Daventre and Tourney 4
xx m1 marces. Off Bristowe, Northampton, Thornton, Kyllyng-
worth 5, Hay lies, Wynchecoombe, Perchejore, ffressewyde 6, Not-
teley7, and Gremysby xx m1 marces. Off Carlehill, Chichestre,
Herdeford, Rouchestre, Seint MarieOuery,Bertholomevs,Savtrey,
Huntyngdon and Swynesheede xx m1 marces. And so amonteth
the thridde some, c m1 marces.
Off the Bisshop off Norwich with the Abbey ther, and Crov-
land x m1 marces. Off Malvysbury, Bruton, Tewkesbury, Dun-
staple, Shirburn, Taunton, Byland and Burton xij m1 marces.
And so amonteth the fferthe some xxij m1 marces.
And in caas that eny Bisshoperyk, or Abbeye, or priorye,
fforto helpe home that fforseyde some off ccc m1 marces and
xxij m1 marces, be holich kepte, that eny persone above seyde
mowe clerly be served as ys above wretyn ; And thanne shall
1 Read Glastonbury, as in Sharpe.
2 Ayryell and Galey clearly corrupt; see note on p. 297.
3 Cirencester. 4 Thorney. 5 Kenihvorth.
6 St. Frideswide's, Oxford. 7 Netley.
I. JULIUS B II, 1407
67
duelle clerely xx m1 li and more, euery yeer to the kyngis
Tresorye.
And yitt fiferthermore may be getyn c. m. ti off moo Tem-
poraltes wasted and occupyed amonge worldly clerkes and ffynde f. 63™
herwith xm'v0 preestes and clerkes. And euery clerke by
yeer xl s. And vj m1 cc squyers in the manere byfore seyde l.
And thus in alle the Rewme may men have xv Erles, xv m1
knyhtes and squyers moo thanne be now suffisauntly Rentyd.
And yitt therto xv Vnyuersitees and xv m1 preestes and clerkes
sufficiantly fondon be temporell almesse, yff yt lyke the kyng and
lordes to spenden hem in that vse ; And the kyng to his Tresour
xx m1 ti. by yeer. And yitt c houses off Almesse ; And euery
hovs c marces with londes to ffeden with alle the nedefull pore
men, and no coste to the tovne, but only off the Temporaltes
morteysed and wasted amonge provde worldely clerkes; the
which provde clerkes ffor alle that is takyn away off her Tem¬
poraltes mow yitt expenden by yeer in her Spiritualtes, as hit is
extent in the cheker clerelich c m1 xliij m1 viic xxxiiij li. xs.
iiijd. ob.
And yitt have we nat touched off Talages off Chauntres, off
White Chanons, off Cathederall Chirches with her Temporaltes,
off Chirches with her Temporaltes, And Chirches Appropved
into houses off Monkes, off Chartrehouses, And ne off ffrenchef. 63™
monkes, ne off Gleves 2, ne off Bonehomes, ne off Spytell, ne
Ermytages, ne off Crouched ffreres.
And therfore alle the trewe comoners desireth to the worship
off God, And profyte off the Rewme, that thees worldely clerkes,
Bisshopes, Abbotes and Priours, that aren so worldly lordes,
that they be putte to leven by her Spiritualtes ; ffor they lyven nat
now, ne done the office off trewe curates other prelates shulden,
ne they helpe nat the pore comones with her lordeshippes as that
trewe sekulers lordes shulden, ne they lyve nat in penaunce ne in
bodely travaylle as trewe Religious shulden by her possession.
But off euery estate they take luste and ese, and putte ffro
hem the travaylle, and takyth profytes that shulden kome to
trewe men, the which lyff and evyll ensample off hem hath be so
1 xv m. preestes and clerkes, euery preest to be allowed for his stipende
vij marke by yeer, Fabyan.
2 This seems to be a corruption of the text.
F 2
68
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
longe vicious that alle the comone peple, both lordes and symple
comvnes, beth now so vicious and enfecte thurh boldeship off
her synne, that vneth eny man dredith god ne the devyll.
To the which Bille as that tyme was noon answere yoven.
Willelmus Staundon j ^enr|cus Pountfret j^nno Nono>
( Henricus Halton J
In the same yeer was a gret froste, and longe durynge, ffor
men myht gone ouer Temese vpon the yse. And yt distroyed
much wilde foule.
And in this same yeer was the Erie off Kent slayne att the
Castell off Bryak in Bretaygne with a quarell.
Drugo Barentyne { n | Anno Decimo.
Ricardus Merlawe{ } Anno Vndecimo.
In this same yeer John Badby, a ffals Loller and an herytyke,
was brent in Smythfelde, ffor he fforsooke at the sacrement
off the Awter was goddis body.
Thomas Knolles j Th^as^Pyke16 j-Anno Duodecimo.
■n u i. ru' l 11 f Johannes Reynewell ) A ~ . , .
Robcrtus Chichelle ■< Cotton /■■AnnoTcrcio-dcciiiio.
In this same yeer aboute seint Laurence tyde the lorde Thomas
Duk off Clarence, The Duk off Yorke, the Erie off Dorcestre,
with other certeyne lordes, went ouer the see into ffraunce fforto
helpe The Duk off Orlyaunce ayenst the Duk off Burgoyne;
And landid at Hogges in normandye.
And the same yere was a parlement, and the coygne was
chaunged both off golde and syluer, that hit shulde wey lasse
thanne hit dydd byfore.
Willelmus Waldern-f ^uJfus L"benham jAnnoQuarto-
( Willelmus Sevenok J decimo.
In this same yere, that ys fforto say the xx day off Marche,
dyed kyng Herry the iiijte at Westm'., In a chambre callyd
Jerusalem. And ffro thenys he was caryed to Caunterbury,
and ther lyeth buryed.
I. JULIUS B II, 1407-1414
69
Nomina maiorum et vicecomitum London, tempore
Regis Henrici Quinti, qui coronatus est apud Westm'.
nono die Aprilis, Anno Domini millesimo ccccmo tertio
decimo.
Willelmus Crovmer j Johannes Sutton } ^nn0 P"1110-
In this same yeer the Lorde Cobham, callyd Syr John Olde- f. 65ro
castell, was y-dampned ffor a Lollard and an heretyk by alle
hooly chirche, and komytted to the Toure off London ; and
there he brak oute with Inne a ffewe dayes.
And anoon after he and his affynytes, that weren off his secte
coniecten and conspirden nat only the deeth off the kyng and off
his brethren, But also the destruccion off all hooly chirche; ffor
they purposeden hem to haue y-sembled togedris by nyht in
Seint Gyles ffelde, a myle oute off the citee, and there to haue
gadred the strenht to haue ffulfilled here Cursed purposes.
But, blessed be god, the kyng and his lordes weren y-warned
off her purposes ; and toke the ffelde rather thanne they, and
awaytynge after her komyng ; and so they tooke many off her
preestes and clerkes and other lowe men, that weren off her
sectes, komyng thedir, wenyng to haue y-ffounde ther Syr John
Oldecastell, but they ffeyled off her purpos.
And anoon after ther weren y-drawe and hanged xxxvj vpon
oon day, vpon newe galowes y-made ffor hem vpon the hyh way
ffaste bysyde the same ffelde, wher they touht to haue assembled
togedris. Off which company vij off the grettest Lollardes f. 65™
weren y-brent both they and the galowes, at they henge vpon.
And so they made an ende off this worlde. And anoon after
was Syr Roger Acton, knyht, y-take and drawe and hanged vpon
the same galowes, ffor the same cause.
Thomas ffawkoner i J^annes Michell ) ^nno Secundo.
( I homas Aleyn J
In this same yeer byganne the generall counceyll at Constance,
ffor to make vnyon in hooly chirche, and to chese a pope and an
heede off hooly chirche.
Also the same yeer, John Claydon, skynner, and Rich'. Baker
7o
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
off Lumberdstrete, weren y-brent in Smythefelde ffor Lollaraple
and heresye. off
Also the xviij day off Juyn the kyng roode thurh Lorn
toward Southampton, ther abydyng with his oost ffor to pL
ouer the see into ffraunce. And the xxx day off Juyll n
ffolowyng Syr Rich', Erie off Cambrigge, that was brot
to the Duk off Yorke, and the lorde Scrop, and Syr Thom.
Gray, the whiche had treyterously conspyred the kyngis deetlr
weren arrested and dampned to the deeth at Hampton. 1
And anoon after the kyng 1 with alle his oost passed Ouer the
f. 66r° See and Londed at Kedekaws in normandye, and ffro thens
went to Harfflewe; and ther he leyd a Seege, the whiche was so
stronge and so ffers that the xxij day off Septembre they that
weren with Inne weren gladde to yelde vp the tovn, and putte
hem hooly in the kyngis grace. Off the which tovne he made
the Erie off Dorcestre capiteyn.
And after, the viij day off Octobre, he roode fforth with his
Ooste and thouht pesybly to haue redyn to Caleys by londe,
purposyng to dysese nor noye no man, and so to haue passed to
Caleys.
And the xxv day off the same moneth ffylle vpon hym the
power off ffraunce, moo thanne iiijxx thousand off ffihtyng men;
and barred hym all the wayes and brak the brigges, that he and
his ooste shulde haue passed ouer, and made alle the cuntre
so bare off vitaylles that he must nedys ffiht, or be take
prisoner.
And the kyng seyng this that he myht noon other wyse
escape, he ffouht with hem manly, with his lytyll Oost nat ffully
x m1, in the ffelde off Agyngkourt, and scomfyted hem. Blessed
be god.
And there were y-take in the Bataylle the Duk off Orliaunce,
The Duk off Burbon, The Erie off Vendon, The Erie off Dewe,
The Erie off Richemond, and Syr Bursigaunt. And ther weren
f. 66™ slayne the Duk off Launson, The Duk off Braban and The Duk
off Baar, The Erie off Nauers, The lorde De la Brytte, Constable
off ffraunce, and the Seneschal off Henavde, and many othir
lordes, knyhtes, and squyers, and worthy men, vnto the nombre
off v m1 and moo.
1 The MS. repeats the kyng in error.
I. JULIUS B II, 1415-1417
71
And on oure syde weren slayne the Duk off York, the Erie off
NoSouthefolke, and Syr Kyheley, and Davy Gamme, squyer, with
Ja ffewe moo othir persones. And xxiiij day off nouembre
r oure kyng kome to London, hoole and sounde with his prisoners.
' Richardus Wotton j i1^3 ^u^rarc! lAnno Tercio.
( Willelmus Cambryge j
In this same yere, at the begynnyng off the iiijte yeer off kyng
Herry the vte, kome the Emperour off Almayne vnto London
the vij day off May.
And in this same yeer the Duk off Bedforde, and the Erie
off Marche, with other certeyn lordes off her Retenew, ffauht with
vij carrykes off Jene, and 1. other vesselles off werre, as hulkes,
Barges and Galees. And so he tooke off hem iij carrykes with
her patrons, and drovned a grete hulke, called the Blak Hulke off
fflaundres, and the remnant ffledde. And this was done vpon
oure lady day Assumpcion in the same yere.
tj 13 , ( Robertus Wedyngton ) A ^
Henncus Bartons T u r *. > Anno Quarto. f. 67™
( Johannes Coventre j ^ '
In this same yere on Seint Petris day and Poulle the Erie
of Hontyngdon with other certeyn lordes and here Retenewe
ffouht with ix carrykkes off Jene, the grettest that euer was seyne
in thes costes ; and scomfyted hem, and tooke iiij off hem 1 with
her patrones, and the Admyrall off hem, that was 2 the Bastard
off Burbon, with alle the Tresour that they alle shulde haue
to wages with, ffore a quarter off a yeer. And the other carrykkes
ffledde her way. Also this same yere, the xxx day off Juyll, the
kyng with alle hys Ooste saylled into ffraunce, and londyd
in Normandye vpon lamasse day a lytell besyde the castell of
Touke ; the which castell he toke ffirst after he was londyd, and
yaff it to his brothir the Duke off Clarence with alle at longed
therto. And in this same yeer, that ys to say Anno vt0, the
kyng gate Kane, and meny other goode tovnes 3, and castell,
and Riche Abbeys longe byfore Seint Edwardis day.
Ricardus Merllawej Henricus Reede I Anno Quinto.
( Johannes Gedney j ^
In this same yeer, thankyd be all myhty god, the generall f. 67™
1 iiij grete, H. 2 admirall of )>em alle was called, H.
3 Cane Bayeux and manye other townes, H.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Counceyll was endyd and Vnyon made in hooly chirche: Z nd
a pope chesen at Constaunce vpon Seynt martyns Day by thassent
off alle the generall counseyll, and he is callyd1 Martin us
quintus. Also in the same yeer was Sir John Oldecastell,
y-callyd the lorde Cobham, take in the Marche off Walys and
brouht to the cite off London, the which was chieff lorde and
meynteynour off alle the Lollardes in this Rewme, and euere
aboute to distroye to his power hooly chirche. And therfore
he was ffirst y-drawe, and afterward y-honged, and brent hong-
ynge on the newe Galowes bysyde Seint Gyles with an yren
cheyne aboute his nekke, by cause that he was a lorde off name.
And so ther he made an ende off his cursedde lyff.
tttmi , c , f Radulphus Barton ) A c .
Willelmus Sevenok •< T u t> r Anno Sexto.
( Johannes Parneys J
In this same yere was oon John Bryan chosen and made
sheryve off London, and as custume ys off the citee roode to
Westm*. And with Inne viij days after bysydes Seint Kateryns,
f. 68ro as he wolde have esyd hym sylff on the water syde, he ffelle
bakward into Temyse ; and with Inne two dayes after he dyed
and in his stede was chosen John Parneux. Also the same yere
the kyng off* Englond with alle his lordes byseged the citee
Roane, the which siege dured halff a yere and more ; and at
last yt was yolden vp on the day off Seint Wolston, ffor pure
nede and defaute off vytayll compelled hem ; ffor as yt was
seyde ther dyed with Inne the same tovn ffor defaute off vytayll,
off men and off wymmen and children, xxx m1 and moo duryng
the same siege.
Also in this yere the Dolphyn off ffraunce sent affter
the Duk off Burgoygne to whom, as men seyth, nat ffullich
vij nyhts affore he was swore vpon goddis body y-sacryd to
do goode and trewe, fforto kome and speke with hym bysydis
Parys at the tovn off Mounstreux with certeyn persones vndir
sauff-conduyt.
And whanne he was kome thedir, nat withstandyng the grete
othe at was y-made2, nor his sauffconduyt, the Viscount off
Narbon, as the Duke knelyd byfore the Dolphyn, smote hym
1 whiche pope was called, H.
2 }>e gret othe )>at was mad betuen )>em bo)>, H.
I. JULIUS B II, 1417-1421
73
with an Axe on the heede. And so the fforseyd Dolphyn and
his complices, ffalsly and vntrewly and ayenst alle maner Lawe f- 6SV0
off Armes, mordrid the fforseyde Duk, and made an ende
off hym.
And in this yeer ffrere Randolff, Maistre off Dyvynyte, that
some tyme was Quene Johannys confessour, wrouht, as men
seyn thurh the excytyng off the sayde Quene, by sorcerye and
nygromancye fforto haue dystroyed the kyng. But as god
wolde alle his vnthryffty werkyng was espyed. Wherfore the
same Quene loste her landes, and was putte into the castell
off Ledys vndir the kepyng off Sir John Pelbam, knyhtx.
Ricardus ( Johannes Boteler, mercer ) A c
Whytyngton i Robertus Whityngham ) Ann0 SePtlmo-
In this same yeer Kyng Herry the vte was made Heyre
and Regent off ffraunce; And weddyd Dame Kateryne the
kyngis douhter off ffraunce at Troys, In Champeyne, on Trinite
Sonday. And anoone affter, he and his lordes with theyre oostes
roode and Byseged dyuers tovns and castell, and wanne the
more partye off hem. The whiche byfore weren kepte by the
Dolphyn and his meyne.
Willelmus ( Johannes Botyller, drap. ) Ann0 0ctavo_ f. 69-
Cambrygge ( Johannes Welles J
In this same yeer vpon candelmasse by the morwe the kyng
and the Quene kome into England, and londed at Dover. And
the xiiij day off ffeuerer, that was on seint Volantyn's day, the
kyng come to London, and the Quene ; and she was crovned the
xxi day off the same moneth at Westm'.
And the same yeer affter Ester the kyng helde his parlement
at Westm'; in the which parlement was ordeyned that no man
affter cristmesse thanne next ffolowynge shulde putte fforth ne
profre no golde, ne make no payement ther off, but yff yt helde
the weyht. And ther fore the moste partye off the peple
ordeyned hem Balaunces and weyhtes.
And anoon affter Pentecost the kyng passed ouer the see
to Caleys, and so fforth in to ffraunce. And this same yeer vpon
Estre Evyn at affter none, that was the xxij day off Marche,
And the yeer off oure Lorde n^ccccxxj, the Duk off Clarence
1 This paragraph is fuller than the corresponding passage in H.
74
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
with meny other Lordes weren slayne byyonde the water off
Leyre in ffraunce. And meny lordes weren taken presoners
f. 69™ the same tyme, off the whiche The Erie off Huntyngdon, the
Erie off Somersete with his Brother weren the pryncipall.
And also the same yeer bytwene cristemesse and candelmesse
the tovne off Mylanke was yolde vnto the kyng; and alle the
chyveteynes with the souldeours weren ladde vnto Parys, ther to
abyde the kyngis grace.
Robertus Chichelle-f Willelmus Weston |^nno ]sjona
( Ricardus Goslyn j
In this same yeer vpon seint Nicholas day In Decembre was
Herry, the kyngis ffirst bygatyn sonne, borne at Wyndesore ;
whos Godfadris at ffontstone weren Herry Bisshop off Wyn-
chestre, and John the Duk off Bedford, And the Duchesse off
Holande his Godmodir. And at the confirmacon the Erche-
bisshop off Caunterbury, Herry Chicheley, his Godfadir.
And in the moneth off May the yeer off oure lorde m1 cccc xxij,
and off the kyng the x yeer, the Citee off Meux in Brye, that
longe tyme hadde ben byseged, was yolden to the kyng. And
the same yeer and moneth the Quene shipped at Southampton,
and saylled into ffraunce vnto the kyng. And the same yeer
the xiij day off August the newe Wedirkok was sette vp on
Poullis Steple off London,
f. 7°ro And the laste day off the same moneth off August in the
xte yeer, the fforseyd noble Kyng Herry the vte, ffloure off
the Cristyn chiualrye, endyd his lyff at Boys seint Vincent bysydis
Parys, to grete hevynesse off alle his peple. Off Whos Soulle
Jhesu have mercy.
Nomina maiorum et vicecomitum London, tempore Regis
Henrici Sexti, pueri nondum dimidie etatis unius anni.
In Anno Domini millesimo cccc0 vicesimo secundo.
Willelmus Waldernej }Ann0 prima
In this same yere vpon a Wednesday the xxi day of October,
in the mornynge dyed kyng Charles off ffraunce in the citee off
Paris, and he ys buryed at the chirche off Seint Denys. And
I. JULIUS B II, 1421-1425
75
the vij day of Nouembre this same yere the body of the same f. 70™
worthy kyng Herry the vte was worshipfully entered at Westm'.
with all maner off solempnyte as to that was apperteyning.
And the ffirst day of March master William Tayllor, preeste, was
degratyd off his presthode, and on the morwe ffor his heresye
he was brent in Smithfelde.
Willelmus Crovmerj Nicholas Jamys I Anno Secundo.
( I nomas Waymord J
In this same yeer in the moneth of feuerer Sir James Sty ward,
kyng of Scotland, espoused dame Joan, the duchesse douhter of
Clarence goten by her ffirst hosbond the Erie of Somersete, at
seynt Marye Oueree in Sothewerke. Also the same yere the xvij
day off August was the batayll of Vernull in Perche bytwene the
Duke of Bedforde, regent off ffraunce, and the Armynakes with
the help off the Skottes; but thankyd be god the victory ffell to
the Englissh party, ffor there were slayn off oure adversaries the
Erie off Bouham, the Erie off Douglas, the Erie of Almare, the
Erie off Townare, the Erie off Vauntedore, and the Viscount off f. 7iro
Narbon, that trayterously slouh the Duk off Burgoyne knelyng
before the dolphyn att Monterell, and many moo to the nombre
of x m1. But the most vengeaunce ffell upon the Scottes, ffor
there was slayne off hem that day mo than xvij c of cotearmours
by comptynge of herawdes. So that they myht say well: in the
croke off the mone went they thedirward, and in the wilde
wanynge kom they homward.
Johannes Michell j Joannes6V^ater |-^nno Tercio.
In this same yere the duke of Gloucestre with his wyff the
duchesse off Holand went ouer the see in to Henawde, ffor to take
possession off his wyffis heritage, where he was worshippfully
resseyvyd and takyn ffor chieff lorde off the londe. But nat long
tyme after hit happyd so that he must returne home ageyn, and
left his ladye behinde hym with alle the tresor that he brouht, in
to the toune that men call Mons in Henawe. The which was
swore to hym to be goode and trew, and to kepe the lady in
sauff warde vnto his komyng ayen. But att the last they thatt
were in the fforseyde tovne bykome ffals and delyuered this
worthy lady to the Duk of Burgoyne, and he sent hire to Gaunt f- 7ivo
76
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
ther to be kepte. And with Inne shorte tyme after she escaped
thens in a mannys clothyng, and com in to a tovne of her owne in
to Seland that ys cleped Sery^e, and fro thens in to Holand that
is called Trygowe; where with help of her ffrendes that ther
were she withstode the Duk off Burgoyne and alle his malice.
Allso this same yere the erle of Salysbury, the erle off Southfolk,
the lorde Willewby, and the lorde Skales with her meyne leyden
a seege to the citee off Manns, the whiche was yolde to hem
with in short tyme with many other strong tovnes and castell
to the nombre of xxxvj accompted by her meyne.
Johannes Coventrej " }Anno Quarto-
In the same yer, the morre after Seint Symond day and
Jude the Meir roode to Westm' and tooke his charge as vsage
and custume ys off the maires off London to done; and the
same day at evyn and all the nyht folowyng was strong and
grete wache in the citee.
And on the morwe than next ffolowyng much peple off the
citee, In savynge and kepyng off the kynges pease, arayed hem in
sufficient harneys to stonde by the Duke of Gloucestre, protectour
of Englond.
And also ffor to stonde by the meir of London and in defence
of the citee ayenst the Bysshop of Winchestre, and the peple
that with him were withholdyn of the countes of lancastre and
Chestre, and other counties; but thanked be god ther was no
harme done in nother party.
Also the same yeer John, Duk of Bedford, kom oute of
ffraunce into Englond to see the governaunce off the Rewme
and also ffor to putte in pees and reste certeyne debates and
hevynesses hangyng bytwene the Duk of Gloucestre, his Brothyr
and the Bisshop off Wynchestre, chanceller off Englond, his Vncle.
And so in the same yere the kyng helde his parlement at
Leycestre, at the which parlement weren the Articles shewed and
declared wherfore and ffor what causes the Duk off Gloucestre
shulde bare hevy herte vnto the Bisshop off Wynchestre, lyke
as ys declared Articulerly in the Articles next ffolowyng:—
Here ensuen the Articles, as the kyngis counceyll hath con-
ceyved, the which the hyh and myhty prince, my lorde off
I. JULIUS B II, 1425-1426
77
Gloucestre, hath surmytted 1 vpon my lorde off Wynchestre,
chaunceller off Englond 2.
ffirst as ther3 he beyng Protectour and Defendour off this
londe desireth theToure off London to be opned vnto hym and
to logge hym ther Inne, Rich. Wodeville, squyer, havyng that
tyme the charge4 off the kepyng off the seyde Toure, refused
hym his desire; And kepte the seyde Toure ayenst hym vn-
goodly 5 and ayenst Reson by the commandement off my seyde
lorde off Wynchestre; and afterward in comprovyng6 off the seyde
Refuse protected7 the seyde Wodeville and cherisshed hym ayenst
the State and Worship off the kyng, and off my seyde lorde off
Gloucestre.
Also8 my seyde lorde of Wynchestre, with out avys and assent
off my seyde lorde off Gloucestre or off the kyngis counceyll,
proposed and disposed him to sette hande on the kyngis persone
and to Remeve9 hym ffrom Eltham the place that he was Inne,
to thentent10 to putte him in suche governaunce as him lust.
Also that where my seyde lorde off Gloucestre, to whom, off f. 73ro
alle persones or that shulde be in the londe, by the wey off
nature and birthe yt belongeth to se vnto the governaunce off
the kynges persone, enfourmyd off the sayde Indue purpose
off my seyde lorde off Wynchestre, declared in the Article next
above seyde, dysposyng therfore and in lettyng theroff11 to have
goone to Eltham to the kyng to have provyded as the caas
requyred, my seyde lorde off Wynchestre ffauorably12 and ayens
the kyngis pees to thentent to distourbe13 my seyde lorde off
Gloucestre goyng to the kyng, purposyng his deeth in caas
that he hadde kome14 that way, sette men off Armes and
Archers at the ende off London brigge next Sothewerke. And
in fforbarrynge off the kyngis hyh way lette drawe the cheyne
at the Stoulpes ther; And sette vp pipes and hurdeys in ffourme15
1 surmised, Hall; surmycyd, Arnold.
2 Englande, with the answere to the same, Hall.
3 First, where as, Hall. 4 keping, Arnold. 5 unduly, Hall and Arnold.
6 approuyng, Hall. 7 receiued, Hall; resettyd, Arnold.
8 Hall and Arnold, here and subsequently in like places, ' Item.'
9 to haue remoued, Hall and Arnold.
10 to Windsore, to the entent, Hall.
11 aboue saied. And in lettyng thereof, determinyng, Hall.
12 vntruly, Hall. 13 trouble, Hall. 1 gone, Hall and Arnold.
15 in maner and forme, Hall and Arnold.
78
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
off Bulwerkes, and sette men in chambres, solers and wyndowes
with Bowes and Arwes and other wepyn, to thentent off1 ffynall
distruccion off2 my seyde lorde off Gloucestre persone as well
as off thes that hadde kome with hym.
f. 73vo Also my seyde Lorde off Gloucestre seyth and affermyth that
oure Souereyne lorde his Brothir, that was kyng Herry the vte,
tolde hym that at a tyme when oure souereyne 3 lorde beynge
prince was logged in the paleys off Westm' in the Grene4
chambre, be the Rees 5 off A Spaynell, ther was on a nyht
aspyed and takyn be hynde a Tapett off the same chambre
a man which was delyuered to the Erlle off Arundell fforto be
examyned vpon the cause off his beynge there at that tyme.
The which so examyned by the seyd erle6 confessed that he
was there by the excitacion and procurynge off my seyde lorde
off Wynchestre, ordeyned to have slayne the seyde prince ther
in his bedde. Wherfore the seyd erle of Arundell lette sakke
him fforth with, and drovned him in Temyse.
Also oure seyde souereyne lorde, that was kyng Herry the vte,
seyde vnto my seyde lorde off Gloucestre: that, his ffadir kyng
Herry the iiijte levyng and visited gretly thanne with sekenesse
off the sonde off god 7, my seyde lorde off Wynchestre seyde
vnto kyng Herry the vte, beyng thanne prince, that the kyng
f. 74ro his ffadir so visited with sekenesse was not personable and therto
not dysposed to comone conuersacion8 and gouernance off the
peple, and ffor so much conceyllyd him to take the governance
and crovne off this londe vpon him.
Here ensuen the Answers and excusacions made by my lorde
off Wynchestre, chaunceller off Englond ; vnto causes and
maters off hevynesses declared In Articles ayens him by my
lorde off Gloucestre.
ffirst as towarde the Refuse made vnto my Lorde off Gloucestre
off openyng off the Toure vnto hym, off his loggyng ther Inne
by the commandement off my seyde lorde off Wynchestre.
1 thentent to bryng to, Hall. 2 Hall omits ' of.'
3 oure said souereigne, Hall. 4 greate, Hall; gryne, Arnold.
5 noyse, Hall.
6 examined at that time, Hall and Arnold.
7 hande of God, Hall.
8 to come in conuersacion, Hall; and therfore not disposyd to comen
conuersacion, Arnold.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426 79
Answereth that in the presence off my seyde lorde off Gloucestre,
byfore his komyng into his Cuntre1 of Henaude, ffor causes such
as weren thought thanne Resonable hit semeth thoo behofull2
that the Toure off London shulde have be notably stuffed, vitaylled
and kepte, how wher3 it was nat fforth with executyd. And
that in semble4 wise after that my seyde lorde off Gloucestre
was goone vnto his seyde eritage off Henaude, ffor sedicious and
Odiouse Billes and Langage, caste and vsed in the citee off f. 74"
London sovnyng into ffongyng off Insurreccion5 and Rebellion
ayens the kyngis pees, and destruccion as well off dyuers Estates
off Englonde6 as off straungers beyng vndir the proteccion7, In
so muche that ffor8 doute theroff, straungers in grete nombre
ffledde the londe, and ffor the more sure kepynge off the seyde
Toure Richard Wodeville, squyer, so trusted with the kyng oure
sovereyne lorde that deed ys, as well is 9 knowe, also chamber-
leyn and counceyllyng 10 vnto my lorde off Bedforde, with cer-
teyne nombre off defensable persones assigned vnto him, was
depute by theym and assent11 off the kyngis counceyll beyng that
tyme at London, ffor to abyde ther Inne ffor sauff garde theroff,
and streytly charged by the seyde counceyll that duryng that
tyme off his seyde charge, he no shuld suffre no man12 to be
in the Toure stronger thanne he13, withoute especialle charge or
commandement off the kyng and be the Avys off his counceyll.
Also that after, soone vpon the komyng off my seyde lorde off
Gloucestre into this lande ffrom his cuntre off Henaude, the
seyde lordes off the kyngis counceyll weren enfourmed that
my seyde lorde off Gloucestre, grucched with the seyde maner f. 75™
off enforcyng off the Toure, and lette say to hem off London
that he hadde well vndirstonden that they hadde ben hevely
threted 14 ffor the tyme off his absence, and off other wyse thanne
they shuld haue, and he15 hadde be in this lande. Wherfore
I countey, Hall; contre, Arnold. 2 semeth lefull, Hall.
3 stuffed and kept with vitaile, howbeit, Hall; stuffid and kept wyth
vitaile, how where, Arnold.
4 like, Hall; semblable, Arnold.
8 sounyng of insurrection, Hall; sowing of insurrection, Arnold.
6 of this land, Hall and Arnold. 7 defence, Hall.
8 in, Hall and Arnold. 9 ye, Hall and Arnold. 10 counsailer, Hall.
II was made deputie ther by thassent, Hall.
12 he should not suffre any man, Hall. 13 hymself, Hall.
14 thretened, Hall; thretynde, Arnold.
16 have bene, if he, Hall and Arnold.
8o
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
he was riht euyll payd*, and especiale off the seyde enforcynge
off the Toure, sette vpon hem in the manere off a chastvylen,
consideryng the goode equytall2 and trouthe that they hadde
all wey kepte vnto the kyng, offryng hem ther vpon remedye
yff they wolde.
Also that affter this Richard Scot, Lieutenaunt off the Toure,
by the commaundement off my sede lorde off Gloucestre brouht
vnto hym ffrere Randolff, the vvhiche hadde longe byfore con-
fessyd treson done by him ayens the kyngis persone that deede
ys ; ffor the which knowlich he was putte to be kepte in the seyde
Toure, and streyte commaunded vnder grete peyn yevyn vnto
the seyd Scot to kepe him streytly and seurly, and nat to lette
him oute off the seyde Toure with oute commandement off the
kyng be the Avys off his seyde counceyll. The which ffrere 3
Randolff my seyde lorde off Gloucestre kepte thanne stylle with
him-sylff, not wyttyng off the Scot 4, as he declared vnto my
seyde lorde off Wynchestre, soone after that he hadde brouht
the seyde ffrere Randolff vnto my lorde off Gloucestre ; and
seyyng vnto my seyde lorde off Wynchestre that he was vndone,
but he helpid him, and expressed as ffor cause off the seyde with-
holdyng off ffrere Randolff: and seyyng more ouer that whanne
he desired off my seyde lorde off Gloucestre the delyuerance
off the seyde ffrere Randolff to lede him ayeyn vnto the Toure,
or suffisent warrant ffor his discharge, my seyde lorde off
Gloucestre seyde5 hym that his commandement was suffisent
warrant and dyscharge ffor him. In the which thing above seyd
yt was thought to my lorde off Wynchestre, that my seyd lorde
off Gloucestre toke vpon himsylff fferrer6 thanne his auctorite
stretched vnto, and causid him fforto doute and drede, leest the
Toure hadde be stronge he wolde haue proceded fferther ; and
moved him at suche7 tyme as the seyde Wodeville kome vnto
him to aske his advys and Counceyll off loggyng off my seyde
lorde off Gloucestre in the Toure, to avyse him and charge him,
1 contented, Hall. 2 equitie, Hall; acquitall, Arnold.
3 his counsail. The which saied Frier, Hall.
4 kept then with himself, not vvittyng the said Scot, Hall; kept then still
with himself, not weting the said Scot, Arnold.
5 aunswered, Hall and Arnold. 6 toke vpon hym further, Hall.
7 drede leaste that he would haue proceaded further; and at such, Hall;
lest that he wolde haue procedid ferther ; and mouyd hym at suche, Arnold.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426 81
that before thanne he sufifred1 my seyde lorde off Gloucestre
or eny other persone logge ther Inne stronger thanne he2, he
shulde purveye him off a suffisent warraunt ther off the kyng by
the advys off his counceyll.
Also as to the seconde 3 article off the fforseyd causes off f. 76ro
hevyness, my seyde lorde the Chaunceller answereth, that he
neuer purposed to sette hande to the kynges persone, nor to
remeve him, or putte4 in eny maner off gouernaunce, but be the
advys off the kyngis counceyll, ffor he ne koude conseyve any
manere off goode or auauntage 5 at myht haue growe vnto him
theroff, but rather grete perylle and charge; and heroff my
seyde lorde off Wynchestre ys redy to make ffeyth 6 ffor tyme
and place convenable 7.
Also as to the thridde article off the fforseyde causes and
hevynesses my seyde lorde the Chaunceller answereth, that he
was offten and dyuers tymes warned by dyuers and creable8
persones, as well in the tyme off the kyngis laste parlement
holde at Westm', as byfore and syth, that my seyde lorde off
Gloucestre purposid him bodely harme, and was warnyd theroff
and counseylled by the same persones dyuers dayes9 to absteyne
him off10 komynge to Westm'. as my seyde lorde off Wynchestre
declaryd vnto my seyde lorde off Gloucestre.
Also in the tyme off the seyde parlement dyuers persons f. 76™
off lowe estate off the citee off London, in grete nombre assembled
on a day vpon the Wharffe, at the Crane In Vyntre n, wysshed
and desired that they hadde ther the persone off my seyde12
lorde off Wynchestre; seyynge that they wolde haue throwen him
in Teinyse 13 to haue tauht him to swymme with wengis ; ffor
wiche billes and langage off sclaundre and manasse 14 caste and
spoken in the seyde citee caused be my seyde lorde the Chaun-
1 he advised and charged him, that before he suffered, Hall.
2 himself, Hall. 3 saied, Hall a7id Arnold.
4 nor to remoue him, or that he shoulde bee remoued, or put, Hall and
Arnold.
5 could not conceiue any maner of goodnes or of aduauntage, Hall.
6 profe, Hall; proff., Arnold. 7 conuenient, Hall.
8 credible, Hall and Arnold.
9 saied persons and that diuerse tymes, Hall; sayd parsons, and that
dyuers, to, Arnold.
10 from, Hall. 31 at the Crane of the Vintry, Hall.
12 Hall and Arnold omit seyde. 13 into the Thamise, Hall.
14 threatenynges, Hall.
KINGSFORD G
8a
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
celler to suppose that they that so1 seyde and dydde, wylled
and desired his destruction, how were yt they hadde noo
cause 2.
Also that after the komyng to London off Sir Rauff Botyller
and maistre [Lewes] 3, sent ffro my lorde off Bedforde, the remnant
off the lordes off the counceyll, enfourmed 4 that my seyde lorde
off Gloucestre bore hevynesse 5 to my seyde lorde of Wynchestre,
Kome 6 to my seyde lorde off Gloucestre to his In, the Soneday 7
next byfore alle halowe day ; and there shewid 8 vnto him that
they hadde vndirstondyng 9 off the seyde hevynesse10, prayyng
hym to lette hem witte, that yiff11 he bare suche hevynesse 10
ayenst my seyde lorde off Wynchestre, and also the causes
theroff. At whiche tyme as my seyde lorde off Wynchestre was
afterwarde enfourmyd, my seyde lorde off Gloucestre affermyd
that he was hevy towarde my seyde lorde off Wynchestre and
nat withouten causes, parauenture as he wolde 12 putt in writyng.
Also that after, the Moneday next byfore alle halow day laste
passed, in the nyht the peple off the seyd citee off London
by the commaundement off my seyd lorde off Gloucestre, as
yt was seyde, ffor what cause my seyde lorde the Chaunceller wyst
neuere13, assemblyd thurh oute the citee14 armed and arrayed,
and so contynued alle that nyht ; ameyne15 dyuers off the whiche
the same nyht, by what excitacion my seyde lorde the Chaunceller
wyst nat, sedicious and hevy langage was vsyd, and in especiale
ayens the persone off my seyde lorde the Chaunceller.
Also 16 the same Moneday at nyht, my seyde lorde off Glou¬
cestre sent vnto the Innes of Courte at London chargyng the
1 cite, by my said lord the Chancellor, caused hym to suppose that they
had so, &c., Hall; cite, my sayd Lorde the Chauncelere, causid, Arnold.
2 although they had no cause, Hall.
3 Omitted in MS. and by Arnold, supplied from Hall.
4 Bedford, to the rest of the lords of the counsaill, they beyng informed,
Hall.
5 did beare displeasure, Hall.
6 they came, Hall; he comynge, Arnold.
7 the second Sondaie, Hall. 8 opened, Hall.
9 knowledge and understandyng, Hall and Arnold.
10 displeasure, Hall. 11 know yf, Hall.
12 towarde him and not withoutten causes that paraduenture he would,
Hall; heuy toward him, and not withoute causis, that parauenture he wolae
put in writyng, Arnold.
13 wist not, Hall and Arnold.
14 in the citee, Hall and Arnold.
18 Emongest, Hall; and many, Arnold. 16 And so, Hall.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426 83
men off Courte 1 duellyng in the same to be with him on the
morwe at viij off the Belle 2 in her beste array.
Also that on the morwe, the Tuysday 3 next ffollowyng, erly, f. 77™
my seyde lorde off Gloucestre sent vnto the Meire and the
Aldermen off the seyde citee off London, to ordeyne hym ccc
persones4 on horsbak to accompanye him to suche a place 5
as he dysposed him to ryde vnto; the whiche, as yt was seyde,
was vnto the kyng to thentent to haue his persone and to remeve
him ffro the place that he was at, with oute assent off or advys
off the kyngis counceyll; the whiche thing was thouht vnto
my seyde lorde the Chaunceller ne owed to have be do, nor
hadde nat be seen do so byfore 6.
Also that my seyde lorde the Chaunceller consideryng thre
thinges7 aboveseyde, and doutyng therfore off perylles at myht
haue sued ther off, entendyng to purvey ther ayenst and namelich
to his owne seurte 8 and defence, accordyng to Lawe 9 off Nature,
ordeyned to lette that no fforce off peple, shulde kome on 10
the Brigge off London towarde him, By the whiche he or his
myht haue be endangered or noyed, nouht11 entendyng in eny
wyse bodely harme vnto my seyde lorde off Gloucestre, nee
to eny12 other persone, but only his owne defence and eschewynge
the perylles aboueseyde.
Also as towarde the iiijte and the vte off the seyd articles, f. 78™
my seyde lorde13 the Chaunceller answerd, that he was euer trewe
to all thoo, that were his sovereyne lordes and reigned vpon him,
and that he neuer purposed treson nor vntrouthe ayenst eny
of her persones, and in especiall ayenst the persone of oure seyde
sovereyne lorde kyng Herry the ffyffte ; the whiche, consideryng
the grete wysdome trouthe and manhode that alle men knewe in
him, ne wolde not ffor the14 tyme that he was kyng haue sette
1 them of the Courte, Hall; them of Court, Arnold.
2 upon the morowe at eight of the clocke, Hall.
3 the morowe, beyng Tewesday, Hall.
4 unto the nombre of thre hundred persons, Hall and Arnold.
5 Suche place, Hall and Arnold.
6 Chancellor that he ought in no wise to haue done, nor had not been seen
so before, Hall; ne owid in no wyse to haue be do, ne had not be sene so do
before, Arnold. 7 the thynges, Hall; in thingis, Arnold.
8 and namely for his awne suretie, Hall. 9 the Law, Hall.
10 ovir, Arnold. 11 not, Hall and Arnold.
12 nor to any, Hall; or to any, Arnold. 13 my lorde, Hall.
14 that, Arnold.
G 2
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
in1 my seyde lorde the chauncellcr so grete truste as he dydde, yff
he hadde ffoimde or trowed In him such vntrouthe off byfore 2.
The whiche thing my seyde lorde the Chaunceller profered 3
to declare and shewe, as hit longith 4 to a man off his estate to
do, requyryng thervpon my lorde off Bedford and alle the lordes
spiritucll and temporell in this present parlement5 that yt myht
be seen that they were Juges covenable 6 in this caas, that they
wolde done him riht, or ellys that he myht haue leve off the
kyng be other advise 7 to goo sewe his riht before him that owith
to ben his Juge 8.
f. 7<SV0 And as towarde the letter sente by my Lorde off Wynchestre
vnto my lorde off Bedforde off the whiche the tenour ffolowith 9:
A Lettre ' Riht hyh and myhty prince, and my riht noble affter oone 10
Lorde°offy levest lorde, I recommande me vnto yow with alle myn herte and
Bedforde. service n. And as ye desire the welfare off the kyng oure sovereyne
lorde and off his Rewmes off England and off ffraunce, and your
owne wele and oure also, hast12 yow hedir; ffor be my trouth
and 13 ye tarye, we shall putte this land in aventure with a ffelde.
Suche a brothir ye have here. God make him a goode man14.'
Off the which my seyde lorde 15 off Gloucestre affermyng and
compleynyth16 him off the malicious and vntrewe purpose off my
seyde lorde off Wynchestre, as toward assemblyng off the peple
and gederyng a felde in the kyngis lande in trobelyng therof
and ayens the kyngis pees.
My seyde lorde off Wynchestre answerith, that off his seyd
1 on, Arnold.
2 thought in him suche vntrouthe, Hall; or I trowed in hym, Arnold.
3 offred, Hall and Arnold.
4 as it belongeth, Hall; as it longith, Arnold. 5 this parlement, Hall.
6 iudges conuenient, Hall. 7 by their advise, Hall and Arnold.
8 ought to be his iudge, Hall and Arnold.
9 is before rehersed, Hall. Hall gives the letter on page 130 before the
account of the proceedings at Leicester.
10 and after oon, J. B I. 11 affinite, J. B I.
12 and oure all, so haste, J. B I. 13 if, J. B I.
14 The letter as given above is incomplete, J. B I continues, 'For your
wisedom knoweth wele that the prosperite of ffraunce stant in the welfare of
England. High and myghtie prince, I bisech you holdeth Maister John
Estcourt, your counseilour, escused of his tariyng, for it is moch ayenst his
wille, but the counsell here hath made hym; and ye lust to give credence to
your chamberleyne Sr William Boteller. The blessid Trinite kepe yow.
Writon in grete haste on Alhalowen even. By your true servaunt to my lives
ende, Henry Winchestre. 15 my lorde, Hall and Arnold,
16 Gloucestre complained him, Hall and Arnold.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426 85
Icttres duely vndirstonde and in wyse1 as he vndirstode and mcnt
ia the writyng off hem, yt may nat resonably be gadered or takyn,
that my seyde lorde off Wynchestre entendyd to gadir eny ffelde
or assemble peple, in troublyng off the kyngis lande, and ayenst
the kyngis pees ; but rather he purposed to acquyte him to the
kyng In his trouth, and to kepe the rest and the pees off2 the kyngis f. 79ro
lande, and to eschew Rebellion, dysobeyssaunce and Trouble3.
ffirst 4 by that that in the begynnynge off the seyde lettre,
he callith my seyde lorde off Bedford his levest lorde affter
oone 5, that is the kyng whom hym owith 6 to excepte 7 off duete
off his trouthe, the whiche he had ever kepte and wille 8.
Secondly by that that in the seyde9 lettre he desirith the
komynge home off my lorde off Bedford, ffor the welfare off
the kyng, as 10 off his Rewmes off England and off ffraunce,
the whiche stonde princypally in kepyng 11 off Reste and pees,
and sturith 12 my seyde lorde off Bedford to hye 13 his komyng
into Englond, in eschewyng off Jeperdy off the lande and off
a ffelde, the whiche he dredde him myht haue ffolowed yff he
hadde longer taryed. And as towarde the wordes, 1 and ye f. 79™
tarye we shall putte this lande in aventure with a ffelde, suche
a Brother ye haue here &c.' My seyde lorde off Wynchestre
seyth : the sothe ys, that before14 or he wrote the seyde lettre,
by occasion off certeyn ordenances, made by the Meir and
Aldermen off London ayenst the excessife takyng off masons,
carpenters, tylers, Dowbers 15 and othir laboreres ffor here dayly
Jorneyes, and approued by the kyngis avis and off his counceyll,
there were caste many hevynesses and sedicious billes, vndir
the names off suche laboreres, thretyng16 Rysyng with many
thousandes, and manasses the states off the lande, and semble
wyse sedicious langage sowen, and so contynued, and lyklyhod
shewed ther Inne off entent off Disobeyssaunce, and Rebellion17.
I in such wise, Hall. 2 in, Hall.
3 disobedience and all trouble, Hall; rebellion or disobeysaunce and all
troble, Arnold.
4 For, Hall and Arnold. 5 our, Arnold. 6 whom he ought, Hall.
7 accepte, Hall. 8 will kepe, Hall and Arnold.
9 Moreover in the said, Hall. 10 and, Hall and Arnold.
II in his kepyng, Hall and Arnold. 12 praieth, Hall and Arnold.
13 spede, Hall; to his comyng, Arnold.
14 sothe is : before, Hall. 15 plasterers, Hall; dawbers, Arnold.
16 thretenyng, Hall.
17 and manassyng of estates of the lande, and likewise sedicous and euil
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And in redressyng1 off the whiche, yt semed to my seyde
lorde 2 the Chaunceller that my sede lorde off Gloucestre dydde
nat the devoir and diligence, which yt semed to my seyde lorde
the Chaunceller that he myht haue showed, off lack off3 whiche
diligence they that were dysposed to do disobeyssaunce weren
encoraged and Inboldysshed 4. So that yt was lyke that they
shulde haue made a gaderyng, and that the kyng and his trewe
subgectes shulde off necessite be5 compelled to haue made
f. 8or® a ffelde to haue withstoude hem, the whiche ffelde-makyng
hadde ben aventuryng off this lande.
And in tokenyng that yt was neuer my seyde lorde the
Chaunceller's entent to gadir no ffelde, but as trowthe moste
stired him ayenst suche as riotously wolde make suche assemble
ayenst the6 sovereyne lorde, and the wele off this londe, he
desirith so hastely the komyng off my seyde lorde off Bedford,
the whiche he wolde in no wyse so gretly desired yff he wolde
haue purposed hym vnto eny vnlawful makyng off a ffelde;
for he wote well that my seyde lorde off Bedford wolde most
sharpely haue chastised and punnysshed alle they that wolde
eny ryotouse assemble make7.
To that yt be knowen tyll alle ffolkes8, that yt ys thentent
off my lorde off Bedford and off alle the lordes spirituell and
temporell, assembled in this present parlement, to acquyte
hem9 and to procede trewly, Justly, and Indifferently, withoute
eny parcyalte, in alle manere off maters and querell meved or
to be meved 10 betweene my lorde off Gloucestre, on that oon
partye, And off my lorde off Wynchestre, Chaunceller off
Englond, on that othir partye. And ffor sure kepyng off the
f. 8oTO kyngis pees, it is accorded by my seyde lorde off Bedford and
langage sowen, and so continued, and likely to haue sued of purpose and
intent of disobedience and Rebellion, Hall; manasing the statis of the londe,
and in semblable wyse seditious langage sowen and so continewed, and
likely to have sewed, of purpose and entent of disobeysaunce and rebellion
too, redressyng, Arnold.
1 To redressyng, Hall. 2 my lorde, Hall.
3 did not his endeuor, nor diligence that he might haue shewid, for lacke
of, Hall. 4 inboldened, Hall; enboldishide, Arnold.
5 shuld haue been, Hall and Arnold. 6 our, Arnold.
7 Hall inserts, When this answere was made the Duke caused this wrytyng
folowyng openly to be proclamyd.
8 Be it known to alle folkes, Hall; So that, &c., Arnold.
9 acquite hym and them, Hall. 10 menyd or to be menede, Arnold.
L JULIUS B II, 1426
87
by my seyde lordes Spirituell and Temporell an Othe to be
made in ffourme that folowith, that ys to sey :—
That my seyde Lorde off Bedford, and my seyd Lordes
Spirituell and Temporell, and yche off hem shall as fferforth
as theyre konnynges and discrecions suffysen, trewly, Justly, and
Indifferently counceyll and advyse the kyng, and also procede
and acquyte hem selff in alle the seyde maters and querelles
without that they or eny of hem shall prively or apert make
or shewe1 himsylff or be partye 2 or parcyall ther Inne, nouht
leuynge or eschewyng so to do ffor affeccion, love, mede, dovte
or drede off eny persone or persones.
And that they shall in alle wyse kepe secrete alle that shall be
comvned by wey off counceyll, in the maters and querell abovseyd,
in the seyde parlement, withoute that they or eny off hem shall be
worde, writyng the kyng 3, or in eny wyse open yt or dyscouer yt
to eny off the seyde partyes, or to eny other persone that is nat
off the seyde counseyll, but yfif he have a speciall commaundement
or leve therto off the kyng or off my seyde lorde off Bedford.
And yche off hem shall with alle his myht and his power f. 81r0
by him and his, strenthe and assiste be wey4 off counceyll, and
ellys5 vnto the kyng, my seyde lorde off Bedford, and to the
remnant off my seyde lordes to putte the seyde parties to Reson.
And nat suffer that eny off the seyde parties by theym or
by theyres6 procede or attempte by wey off feet ne ayens
the kyngis pees; nor helpe assiste or comforte eny off hem
therto. But lette theym with all theyre myht and power, and with
stonde hem, and assiste vnto the kyng, and my seyde lorde off
Bedford, In kepyng off the kyngis pees, and Redressyng off all
suche maner off procedyng by wey off feit or force 7.
1 priuely and appertly make and shew, Hall.
2 too be party, Arnold.
3 wryting of the kyng, Hall and Arnold ; R. omits the kyng.
4 and power assist by waie, Hall and Arnold.
5 els showe it, Hall and Arnold. 6 ther assistentes, Hall and Arnold.
7 Hall then gives in English a list of the Lords, beginning with the highest
in rank, and the following translation of the Latin record:
'Whiche othe in maner and forme aboue rehersed, all the lords as well
spirituall as temporall, beyng in this parliament at Leicester assembled, the
fourthe daie of Marche, promised vpon their faithe, dutie, and allegeaunce
whiche they owe to the kyng their sovereyne Lord trewly to obserue and kepe
accordyng to the true meanyng and purport of the same.' Arnold gives the
Latin original, but the text in the printed editions is fill of errors, which are
not worth noticing. The oath and list do not appear elsewhere.
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Istud sacramentum fideliter custodiendum, in forma
[quae] infrascribitur, quilibet dominorum spiritualium
et temporalium infrascriptorum in pleno parliamento
existente apud leycestre iiijto die Marcii, Anno quarto,
promisit publice in persona propria per fidem et dili-
genciam et ligeanciam quas debet Domino Regi,
videlicet, Inprimis :—
Dns. de Hungerford
Dns. de Typtofft
Dns. de Ponynges
Dns. de Crumwell
Dns. de De Bourgcher
Dns. de Lovell
Dns. de Botrewe
Dns. de Clynton
Dns. de Zouche
Dns. de Audeley
Dn3. fferrers de Groby
Dns. de Talbott.
Abbas de Waltham
Abbas de Glastyngbury
Abbas Sci. Aug. Cant.
Abbas de Westm.
Abbas1 Bathon.
Abbas 1 Llandaven.
Epus. Roffen.
Epus. Cicestren.
Dns. de Grey
Dns. Grey de Ruffyn
Dns. ffitz Walter
Dns. de Berkele
Vjur'.
Comes Northumbr.
Comes Stafford.
ur
Dux Norff.
Dux Exon
; | Jur'
Dux Bedford. Jur'.
Comes Oxon. infra aetatem
Dns. de Roos infra aetatem
Jur'.
Epus. Wigorn.
Epus. Meneu.
Epus. London.
Epus. Dunelm.
Epus. Karliolen.
Archipus. Cant.
Jur'.
Abbas bte. Marie Ebor.
Abbas sci. Albani
Epus. Hereford, non jur. quia non
presens 2.
f g2ro 3 In the name of God we, Henry, Archebisshop off Caunter-
bury, Thomas, Duk off Excetre, John, Duk off Northfolk,
Thomas, Bisshop off Durham, Philip, Bisshop off Worcestre,
John, Bisshop off Bathe, Humfrey, Erie off Stafford, William
Alnewyk, keper off the kyngis privy seal, Rauff, lorde off
1 An error for Epus.
2 Hall makes it appear that the Lords Grey, Grey de Ruthyn, Fitz
Walter and Berkely, and the Abbot of St. Mary, York, were sworn. But
it seems clear that they, like the bishop of Hereford, whose name Hall
omits, were not present.
s Hall heads this The arbitrament.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426
89
Crumwell, Arbitrours in alle maner off causes, maters and
quereles, off hevynesse or grevaunce, with alle Incidentes
circonstances, dependentes, or2 connexes beynge and hangynge
bytwene3 the hyh and worthy4 prince, Humfrey, Duk off
Gloucestre on that oon partye, and the worshipfull fadir in
god, Henry, Bisshop off Wynchestre, and Chaunceller off
Englond, on that othir partye, be eyther off hem5 ffor the
pesyng off the seyde querelles and debates, takyn and chosyn
in maner and fourme, as yt ys conteyned more pleynly in
a compromesse made thervpon, off the whiche the tenour
sewith6 in this ffourme.
Memorandum, that the vij daye off March, in the yeer off oure
sovereyne Lorde, the kyng Henry the sixte, the fferthe, The
hyh and myhty prince, Humfrey, Duk off Gloucestre, at the
Reuerence off god and ffor the goode off the kyng oure
sovereyne lorde in this londe, and namely at the Reuerence and
specially at the Request and prayer off the myhty7 and hyhe f. 82™
prince, my lorde off Bedford his brother, agreed hym to putte,
and putteth all manere8 maters and quereles with alle theyre
Incidentes, circumstaunces, dependentes, and connexes that
touchyn him and his persone, that he hath in eny wyse do,
othir felith him agrevyd or hevy9 ayens my lorde his vncle,
my lorde off Wynchestre, Or ellys that my lorde10 off Wyn¬
chestre felith him grevyd ayens him, in as mych as they
touchyn him othir his persone, ffro the begynnynge off the
worlde vnto this day, In the avys, ordenaunce and arbitrement
off the worthy 11 fadir in god, Henry, Erchebisshop off Caunter-
bury, The hyh and noble prince, Thomas, Duk off Excestre,
John, Duk off Northff., The worshipfull fadirs in god, Thomas,
Bisshop off Durham, Phelipp, Bisshop off Worcestre, John,
Bisshop off Bathe, The noble lorde, Humfrey, the Erie off
Stafford, the worshipfull persones, Maistre William Alnewyk,
1 with al there incedentes, J. B I and R. 2 and, J. B I and R.
3 beyng bitwene, J. B I. 4 myghty, J. B I andR.
6 by either and ech of hem, J. B I.
6 shewith, Hall; sweth, Arnold ; of the which fourme the tenour and it is
such, J. B I.
7 right myghty, Arnold; high and myghty Prynce, the Duke, J. B I.
8 to put him and so putteth hym in deed al maner of causes, J. B I.
9 in eny wise or felith hym hevied or aggreued, J. B I and R.
10 the seid bisshop, J. B I. 11 right worshipful, J. B I.
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
keper off the privy seal1, and Rauff, lorde off Crumwell,
promyttyng and behotyng by the ffeyth of his body and
worde off his princehode and kyngis sonne, to do, kepe, observe
and ffulfille ffor him and in his behalfe alle that shall be de-
creyed and arbytred 2 by the fforeseyde Archebisshop, Dukes,
Bishopes, Erie, keper off the privy seal and lorde off Crumwell,
in all maters and querelles aboveseyde.
Grauntyng also ouer3 that and promyttyng to be compre-
hendyt4 in the ffoseyde arbitrement, as toward puttynge away
all hevynesses and displeasaunces in eny wyse conceyved by my
lorde off5 Glouccstre, alle thoo that haue in eny wyse assisted
and counceylled or fauoured vnto his seyde vncle off Wyn-
chestre6, and as toward eny maters that is touchyng the kyng
my lorde off Gloucestre remyttith7 hit and the gouernance
theroff vnto the kyng and his counceyll; the kyng to deme
yt8 by the Advys off his seyde counceyll, as him thenkith
to done9.
In wytnesse off the which thyng to this present compromys
my seyde lorde off Gloucestre hath subscribed his name with
his owne hande 10, Humfrey Gloucestre. And in semblable
ffourme my Lorde off Wynchestre in a nothir compromys
subscribed with his hande11 vndir the worde off preesthode to
stande at the advis, ordenaunce and arbitrement off the persones
aboveseyd, Mutatis Mutandis12.
The seyde causes13, maters and quereles by vs seyne, herde,
1 the kynges priuy seal, Hall, J. B I, and R.
2 declared ordeined and arbitred, Hall; decreed ordeined and arbitred,
J. B I, and R.
3 Graunting ouer, J. B I and R.
4 Grauntyng also and promising ower that to be comprehended, Hall;
promyttyng ovir that, Arnold.
6 the seid Duke, J. B I.
6 in eny wyse conteyned or favored unto his seyd uncle of Winchester, Hall.
7 and as Touchyng any matier that toucheth the kyng moevid by the seid
Duke of Gloucestre, the same Duke remitteth, J. B I ; matters that be
touching, my lord of Gloucester remitteth, Hall and Arnold.
8 they to deme it, Hall and Arnold.
9 thinkith it to be done, J. B I and Hall; thinketh it is to be done,
Arnold.
10 hath writon his owne name, J. B I.
11 hath subscribed with his awne hande, Hall.
12 And an other compromys semblable passyng in the name of the seid
Bisshop of Wynchestre byndyng hym under the same fourme, J. B I.
13 The causes beforsaied, Hall and Arnold.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426
9^
and diligently examyned, degreed1 and by thassent off the seyd
parties Ordeyne and awarde that my Lordes off Gloucestre and f. 83™
off Wynchestre2, ffor eny thing doen or spokyn by 00 partye
ayenst that othir, or by theirs or eny othir 3 persone or persones
afore the vij day off this present Moneth off Marche, neuer
hereafter take causes nor quereles, displeasaunces 4 nor hevynesse
that oone ayenst that othir, ne neyther ayenst the counceillors,
adherentes or ffauours off that othir.
But ffor alle thes thynges theym6 nat withstandyng my6
seyde lorde7 off Gloucestre be goode lorde to my6 seyde lorde
off Wynchestre, and have him in love and affeccion as his kyns-
man and vncle. And my6 seyde lorde off Wynchestre have to
my6 seyde lorde off Gloucestre trewe and sadde love and
affeccion, do and be redy to do him suche seruice as perteynyth
off honeste8 to my6 seyde lorde off Wynchestre and to his estate
to doo.
And that yche off hem be goode lorde to alle thoo Adherentes,
counceillours, And ffauorers off that othir, And shewe hem at
alle tymes ffauour, love and affeccion as ffor eny thyng done
by thaym or seyde afore the fforeseyde vij day off Marche9.
Also we decre, ordeyne and awarde that my seyde lorde offf- 84™
Wynchestre in the presence off the kyng oure sovereyne lorde,
My lorde off Bedford, and my lorde off Gloucestre, and alle the
remnant10 off the Lordes spirituell and temporell, and comones
beyng in this present parlement say, and declare in maner and
ffourme that ffolowith :—
' My sovereyne Lorde, I have well vndirstonde that I am
noysed amonge the states off youre lande how that the kyng
oure sovereyne lorde that was, that tyme beyng prince and
loggid in the grene Chambre11 at Westm'., by the Rees off
Spanyell12, ther was on a nyht takyn, behynde a tapett in the
1 we decree, J. B I and R.
2 the seid Duke of Gloucestre and Bisshop of Winchestre, J. B I.
3 by that one party against that other or by any of theirs or any other,
Hall and Arnold ; so also J. B I and R. ending, by theres or by any other.
4 displeasures, Hall. 5 and theym, J. B I. e the, J. B I.
7 fauours of that other for any thing or thynges that are past. And that
my said lord, Hall.
8 apperteyneth of honesty, J. B I, Hall, and Arnold.
9 march of that other, J. B I. 10 and the residue, Hall.
11 lodged in the great chambre, Hall.
12 the baiyng of a spanyell, Hall; rasyng, J. B I.
92 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
seyd chambre, a man which shulde haue confessed 1 that he was
there by myn excitacion and procuryng to have slayne the seyde
Prince ther in his bedde, whervpon the seyd Erie off Arundell
lete sakke 2 him fforthwith and drovnyd him in Temyse.'
' And fferthermore I am accused 3, how that I shulde haue
stured the kyng that last dyed, the tyme that he was Prince, to
haue takyn the governance off this Rewme, And the crovne
vpon hym, levyng 4 his fadir, the same tyme beyng kyng. Thurh
whiche langage and noysyng6 I ffele my name and ffame gretly
enblesshed 6 in dyuers mennys opynyons.'
' Wher vpon I take ffirst god to my wytnesse, and affterwarde
alle the worlde, that I have be at alle tymes and am, trewe lover
and trewe man to yow my sovereyne lorde, and shall be all my
lyff7. And also I have be to my sovereyne lorde that was
youre ffadir, all tyme off his Regne, trewe man : and ffor suche
he toke, truste and cherisshed me to his lyfifys ende.'
' And, as I trust, no man will afferme the contrarie, neuer8 in
my lyff procuryng ne ymagynyng deeth ne destruccion off his
persone ne assentyng to eny suche thing or lyke therto, the
tyme that he was eyther kyng or prince, or ellys in othir estate.
And in lyke wyse I was trewe man to kyng Herry the iiijte alle
the tyme that he was my sovereyn lorde, and regned vpon me.
In which maters, in alle maner off wyses that yt likith to yow
my sovereyne lorde9 fforto komande me I am redy to declare
me : And fferthermore where how and when yt shall lyke yow
by the advys off youre counseyll to assigne me.'
' Wherfore I beseke yow my sovereyne lorde as humbly as
I kan. consideryng that ther ben no grounded processes 10, by the
which I myht lawfully in thes maters above seyde be convicte,
1 a man taken bihynde a tapite in the seid Chambre, which shulde haue
bene delyuered to therle of Arundel to haue ben examyned vpon the cause
of his beyng there at that tyme, the which shuld than haue confessid, J. B I.
2 the saied Erie let sacke, Hall. Arnold, and R. 3 noisid, J. B I.
4 living, J. B I and Hall; vpon hym, his fadir ye same tyme leuing, Arnold.
5 noise and langage, J. B I. 6 emblemysshid, J. B I and Hall.
7 true lover to you my souereigne lorde and shalbe and god wol al my
life tyme, J. B I and R.
8 contrary nor neuer, Hall; ne neuer, Arnold ; ne neuer in my liffe was
procuryng, J. B I.
9 In the which matiers almaner wise that it like vnto my souereigne lorde,
J. BI.
10 is no grounded processe, Hall; proves, J. B I and R.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426 93
blessed be god, to holde me and declare me by thavys off alle 1
lordes spirituell and temporell, beyng in this present parlement,
trewe man to yow my sovereyne lorde, and so to haue be to
my sovereyne lordes, that weren youre ffadir and Aiell2.'
' And trewe man also to haue be at all tymes vnto youre3
seyde ffadir whiles he was prince or ellys in othir4 estate, the
seyde disclaundre and noysynge nat withstandyng. And the
same declaracion to be enacte in this youre seyde present
parlement.'
The which wordes declared in maner as hyt ys aboveseyde by
my seyde lorde off Wynchestre it semyth to my seyde lordes
the Arbitrours that yt ys syttyng5 that my seyde lorde off
"Wynchestre drawe him aparte. And in the mene tyme the
lordes beyng present syngulerly 6 examyned ther vpon and say
theyr Advys.
And yff yt be assented by hem in manere as my seyde lorde
off Wynchestre desireth, him called ayen, that my7 lorde off
Bedford thanne have thes wordes in effecte that ffolowen8: f.
'Beel Vncle, my Lorde9, by thavys of his counseyll, hath
kommanded me to say to yow howe that he hath well vndir-
stonde, and considered alle the maters which ye haue here
openly declared in his presence, and thervpon ye desire and
peticion 10 and that he will declare yow.'
'And by thavys of the lordes spirituell and temporell beyng
in this present parlement delarith 11 yow a trewe man to him,
and that ye so have be to my lorde his ffadir, and his Aiell, and
also trewe man to my lorde his ffadir whiles he was Prince, or
ellis in other estate, the seyde disclaundre and noysyng nat with-
stondyng. And wille that his12 seyde declaracion be so enacted
in this present parlement.'
After which wordes thus seyd as byfore, yt was declared by
1 the, Hall and Arnold ; al the, J. B I and R.
2 grandfather, Hall. 3 his, Hall and Arnold. 4 any other, Hall.
6 An error of the copyist for fittyng, as in Hall and Arnold.
6 present bee singularly, Hall and Arnold.
7 desireth, let him be called again, and that then my, Hall.
8 J. B I omits these two paragraphs.
9 Fair Uncle, my lord the kyngs grace, Hall; Arnold, no doubt by an error
of the printer, has Beate vncle.
10 desire a peticion that he, &c., Hall and Arnold.
11 he declareth, J. B I, Hall, and Arnold.
12 the, Hall and Arnold.
94
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the seyde lordes1 Arbitrours, that my seyde lorde off Wynchestre
shuld haue thes wordes that fifolowen to my seyde lorde off
Gloucestre.
1 My Lorde off Gloucestre, I have conseyved to my grete
hevynesse, that ye shulde haue resseyved by dyuers reportes
that I shulde haue purpose and ymagyned ayens youre persone
honour and estate In dyuers maners, ffor the which ye haue
f. 86r0 takyn ayens me grete displeasaunce2. Sire, I take god to my
wytnesse that what reportes so euer haue 3 be made vnto yow oft
me, paraventure by such as have nat hadde grete affeccion to me,
god fforyeve yt hem, I neuer ymagyned ne purposed thing4,
that myht be hynderyng or5 preiudice to your persone, honour
or estate.'
' And ffor so muche I pray yow, that ye be vnto me goode
lorde ffro this tyme fferthe, ffor be my wille I yave yow neuer6
othir occasion, nor purpose nat to do herafter thurh goddes grace.'
The which wordes so by him seyde, it was decreed by the
seyde Arbitrours that my lorde off Gloucestre shalle answere
and say7:—
' Beel8 Vncle, sith ye declare yow suche a man as ye saie, I
am riht gladde that yt is so, and ffor suche I take yow.'
And whanne this was done hit was decreed by the seyde
Arbitrours that yche off my lorde off Gloucestre, and my lorde
off Wynchestre take eyther other by the hande in presence off
the kyng and all the parlement, In signe and tokne off goode
love and accorde ; the which was done 9.
f. 86TO Also in the same yeer the Duk off Bedford made kyng Herry
the vite his godsone, knyht at Leycestre, vpon a Whitsonday.
1 saied, as before is declared by the saied lordes, Hall and Arnold.
2 displeasure, Hall.
3 to witnes so what reporte that euer hath, J. B I.
4 anything, Hall. B hynderyng vnto your persone or, J. B I.
6 I gaue neuer, Hall and Arnold.
7 Also we decre, ordeyne, and awarde that my lorde of Gloucestre afore-
seid, after the wordes directid vnto him by the seid bisshop, answhere vnto
him in this maner and fourme as foloweth, J. B I.
8 Fair, Hall; Beate, Arnold.
9 Also, we decree, awarde, and ordeyne that, in token and proef of ful
and sad loue and affeccion to be had and kept atwixt the seid lordes of
Gloucestre and Wynchestre in maner aboueseid, that eche of hem take other
by the hand. And thus was the accord made atwixt these ij lordes of
Gloucestre and Wynchestre. And the parliament was aiourned til after
Easter, J. B I.
I. JULIUS B II, 1426, 1427
95
And anoon fforth with the fj
thos knyhtes, whos names here
The Duk off Yorke
The sonne and the heyr off
the Duk off Norfolk
The Erie off Oxenford
The Erie off Westmerland
The sonne and heyr to the
Erie off Northumberland
The sonne and the heyr to
the Erie off Ormond
The Lorde Roos
Sire James Botyller
The Lorde Mawtrevers
Sire Herry Gray off Tanker-
ville
The Lorde off Welles1
The Lorde off Berkley
The sonne and heyre to the
lorde Talbott
Sire Rauff Grey off Werke
rseyd kyng Herry dubbid alle
3ne ffolow, The ffirst:
Sire Robert de Veer
Sire Rich. Gray
Sire Emond Hungerford
Sire Walter Wyngefeld
Sire John Botyller
Sire Reynald Cobham
Sire John Passhelewe
Sire Thomas Bunstall 2
Sire John Chydeok
Sire Rauffe Langeford
Sire William Drury
Sire Will. Ap Thomas
Sire Rich. Carbonell
Sire Rich. Wodeville
Sire John Shardelowe
Sire Nicoll Blunket 3
Sire Rauff Botyller 4
Sire Will. Cheyne
Sire Will. Babyngton
Sire John Juyn
Sire Robert Beauchamp
Sire Emond Trafford
Johannes Reynewell j Hyharrf j^nno Quinto- f"
In this same yere aboute Shroftyde the Duk off Bedford, with
his lady, passed ouer the see to Caleys, and a lytell before passed
the see to Caleys Herry Bisshop of Wynchestre. And vpon oure
lady day the Annunciation, Anno Domini millesimo iiijc xxvii0, the
Bisshop off Wynchestre was made cardynall in seint Mary chirche
at Caleys. Where were the same tyme the Duk of Bedford,
Regent off ffraunce, and his wyff the duchesse. And or the
Bisshop went to masse the popys cosyn brouht the cardinallys
hatte with grete reuerence, and sette it on the auter. And
whanne the masse was don ther was putte vpon the bisshop
a cardynall habyte off Skarlette furred with puredd. And
thanne ther knelyng vpon his knees be fore the hyh auter the
1 H. inserts two others before Lord Welles, see p. 130.
2 Tunstall as in C. and H.
3 Blouket, H.; Blowket, C. 4 Radclyff, H. and C.
96
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
popes Bullys were redde to hym ; and the ffirst bulle was his
charge, and the seconde bulle was that he shuld have and
reioysen all the benefyces spirituell and temporell that he hadde
had in Englond. And thanne the Regent off ffraunce sette
the hatte on the Bisshopis hedde off Wynchestre, and bowyd
and obeyed to hym and tooke hym affore him, and so went
to theire Innes.
Johannes Gedneyj °^k }Anno Sexto.
Henricus Barton | ^jh^nnes^Abbo't'' } Anno Septimo.
In this same yere the iij day off Nouembre was slayn sir
Thomas Movntagu, Erie off Salisbury, thruh a shotte off a
gonne before Orliaunce, as he lay at the siege, on whos soule
Jhesu have mercy. And a lytyll before Whitsonday thanne
next ffolowyng was the fforseyde siege y-broke vp by the duk
of Launson and his power; and alle oure lordes, capyteynes off
the same siege weren dyspersed, that ys to say the Erie of
Sothefolk and his brothir, the lorde Talbott, and the lorde
Skales, with many moo, weren take presoners.
Willelmus Estfeld j ^ 1 musS Russe^ j^nno Octavo«
In this same yeer vpon saint Leonardys day was kyng Herry
the vite, not ffully viij yeer off age, crovned at Westm'.; at
whose coronacion weren made xxxv knyhtes ; and on saint
George day next ffolowynge he passed ouer the see to Caleys;
and the xxiij day off May ayenst nyht, byfore the tovne
off Compayne ther was a woman takyn y-armed in the ffeld
with many other worthy capyteyns, the whiche was called Pucell
de Dieux, a false witche, ffor thurh her power the dolphyn and
alle oure adversariis trusted hooly to have conquerd ayen all
ffraunce, and never to have hadde the wors in place that she
hadde ben Inne, ffor they helden hire amongest hem ffor a pro-
phetesse and a worthy goddesse.
Nicolaus Wottonj } Anno Nono.
In the same yere bytwene Ester and Whitsontyde, the duke
I. JULIUS B II, 1437-1432
97
off Gloucestre had wytyng that ther was gadered a meyne of
rysers at Abyngton, ayenst men of holy chirche, ffor they
seyde they wolde have thre prestes heedes ffor a peny. And
the name off her chyveteyn was Jakke Sharpe. And thanne
anone in alle haste the Duke of Gloucestre and his meyne redyn
to Abyngton ; and ther was takyn Jakke Sharpe, and other
men ; and they were found defettyff, and therfore they were
done to deth; and on the ffryday in Witson weke the hedde of
Jakke Sharpe was brought to London, and hit was sette on f. 88vo
London Brigge, and alle the remnant off his ffelisship that myht
be takyn weren putte to deth at Abyngton. And in the same
yere alle the presoners of Ludgate, in passion weke, weren re-
movyd from Ludgate vnto Neugate and vnto the Countres. And
they weren there vnto vij dayes byfore mydsomerday, and than
all the ffireemen weren restored ayen vnto Ludgate. And in the
same yere the xiij day off Juyll Russell, a Wolman, was drawe
and hanged and quartered.
T u n ( Stephanus Brovn ) A •
Johannes Wellys j WifieImU3 Atherle jAnno Decimo.
In this same yere oure lege lorde the kyng was crovned kyng
in ffraunce in the citee off Parys. And the same yeer he kom
out off ffraunce in to Caleys. And after the ffest of Candelmas
he kom ouer the see and in short tyme to London ; and all the
comunes off the citee rood all clothed in white with sundrye
devyses, lyke as the mater here after more pleynly specifieth.
And the xij day off May byganne the parlement at Westm'.
Towarde the ende off wyndy ffebruarie,
Whanne Phebus was in the ffysshe croune1,
Out off the Sygne, which called is Aquarie,
Newe kalendes weren entred and begonne
Off Marchis komyng, and the mery Sonne
Vpon a Thursday shewed 2 his bemys briht
Vppon London, to make hem glade and liht.
The stormy Reyne3 off alle theyre hevynesse4
Were passed away and alle her olde grevaunce5,
ffor the vjte Herry, Roote off her gladnesse,
1 ronne, H. 2 sched, C.; shed, H. 3 reynes, H.
4 highnes, C. 5 here grevaunce, H.
KINGSFORD H
f. 89™
Orde-
naunces
ffor the
kyng made
in the Cite
off London.
98
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Theyre hertis Joye, theyre worldis suffisaunce,
By trewe dissent1 crovnyd kyng off fifraunce ;
The hevene2 reioysyng the day off his Repayre
Made his komyng the wedir to be so ffeyre.
A tyme, I trowe, off god ffor hym provided,
In alle the hevenes there was no clowde seyn,
ffrom other dayes that day was so devided,
And ffraunchised ffrom mistes and ffrom Reyn,
The eyre3 attempred, the wyndes smoth and pleyn.
The citezenis thurh oute the citee
Halwyd that day with grete solempnyte.
And lyke ffor Dauyd, affter his victorie,
Rejoyssed was alle Jerusalem;
f. 89™ So this Citee with lavde, prise, and glorie,
ffor Joye moustred lyke the Sonne Beem,
To yeve ensample thurh out the4 Reem ;
Alle off assent, whoso kan conseyve,
Theyre noble kyng weren gladde to resseyve.
Theyr clothing was off colour fful covenable,
The noble Meire cladde in Reede velvette,
The Sheryves, the Aldermen ffull notable,
In ffurred clokes, the colour skarlette5;
In statly wyse, when they were mette,
Eche oon well horsed made no delay6,
But with her Meire roode fforth in her way.
The citezenis echoon off the Citee,
In her entent that they were pure and clene,
Chees hem off white a fful ffeyre lyuere,
In euery craffte, as yt was well sene ;
To showe the trouthe that they dyd mene,
Toward the kyng hadd made hem ffeythfully
In soundry devyses embrowdered Richely.
And fforto remembre off other Alyens:
ffirst Jeneweys, thouh they were straungers,
fflorentyns and the Venytyens7,
1 assent, H. 2 hevyn, C.; even, H. 3 erthe, H. 4 this, C.
6 }>6 colour of scarlet, H. c Ich on were wel horsed and mad no delay, H.
7 and Venytyens, C.
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
99
And Esterlinges gladde1 in her maners,
Conveyed with sergeauntes and othir officers
Estatly horsed, affter the Meire Rydyng, f. 90™
Passed the subbarbes to mete with the kyng.
To the blake heeth whanne they dydde atteyne,
The meire, off prudence in Especyall,
Made hem hove in Rengis tweyne,
A strete bitwene eche partye lyke a wall,
Alle cladde in white, and the moste princypall
Afforn in Reede with theire Meire Rydyng
Tyl tyme that he sauh the kyng komyng2.
Thanne with his sporys, he toke his hors anoon,
That to beholde yt was a noble siht.
How like a man he to the kyng ys goon
Riht well cherid, off herte gladde and liht;
Obeying to him as him ouht off Riht:
And affter that, he konnyngly abrayde,
And to the kyng evyn thus he sayde.
' Sovereyn Lorde and noble Kyng, ye be welcome oute off
youre Reeme off ffraunce into this your blessed Reeme off
Englond, and in speciall vnto your moste notable Citee
off London, othir wyse called youre chaumbre, We thankyng
god 3 off the goode and gracious Arenyng 4 off your crovne off
ffraunce, Besechyng his Mercyfull grace to sende yow prosperite f. 90*°
and many yeers, to the comforte off alle yowre lovynge peple.'
But fforto tellen alle the circumstaunces,
Noble devyses5, dyuerse ordenaunces
Off euery thing shewed in sentence6,
Conveyed by scripture with ffull grete excellence;
Alle to declare I have noone eloquence,
Wherfore I pray to alle that shall yt rede7,
fforto correcte where as they se nede.
1 clad, H.
2 saw }>e kyng comyng, H. ; Tyll tyme that he saugh komyng, C.
3 Almyghty God, H. 4 athenyng, H. 5 And noble deuices, C.
fi In Yl. and C. the second and third lines of this stanza arc transposed.
7 )>* it schal rede, H.
II 2
100
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Inimicos
eius in-
duam con-
fusione.
f. 9iro
ffirst whanne he passed was 1 the ffabour
Entryng the Brigge off this noble Citee2,
Ther was a Pyler Reysed lyke a Tour,
And ther on stoode a sturdy champeon,
Off looke and chere sterne as a Lyon,
His swerde vp rered proudely gan manace,
Alle fforeyn enemyes ffrom the kyng to enchase.
And in deffence off his state Ryall
The Geaunt wolde abyde eche aventure ;
And alle assautes that weren marcyall,
ffor his sake he proudely wolde endure,
In tokne wheroff he hadde a scripture3
On eyther4 syde declaryng his entent,
Which seyde thus by goode avysement.
'All tho that ben5 enemyes to the kyng
I shall hem clothe with confusion,
Make him myhty withG vertuous levyng
His mortall foon to oppressen and bere adoun,
And him to encresen as cristis champioun,
Alle myscheffes ffrom hym to abrigge,
With the grace off god at thentryng off the7 Brigge.'
Twoo Antelopes stondyng on eyther8 syde
With the Armes off Englond and off ffraunce,
In tokenyng9 that god shall ffor hym provyde,
As he hath Tytle by Juste enheritaunce
To regne in pees, plente and plesaunce10;
Sesyng off werre, that men mow ryde or goon11,
As trewe lieges, theyre hertes made both oon.
fferthermore, so as the kyng gan Ryde,
Midde off the brigge ther was a Tour on loffte.
The lorde off lordes beyng ay his guyde,
I whan passyd was, H.; whan he whas passid, C. 2 town, H.
3 In tokenynge wher of he hadde a long scripture, H. 4 onther, C.
5 All so that beth, C. 6 be, C., H.
7 ]>is, H.; this, Fabyan. 8 onther, C.
9 token, H. 10 and alle plesaunce, H.
II men myjte ryden and gone, H.; men mowgh ride and gonne, C.
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
101
As he hath be and yitt wole be ffull offte;
The tour arrayed with welvettes soffte,
Clothis off golde, silke, and tapcerye,
As apperteynyth to his Regalye.
And at his komyng, off Excellent Beaute,
Beyng1 off port, most womanly off chere,
Ther yssed oute Emperesses three;
Theire heer displayed as Phebes in her2 spere, f. 91™
With crovnettes off golde and stones clere;
At whos out komyng they yaff such a liht,
That the beholders were stonyed in theire siht.
The ffirst off hem called was3 Nature, Nature.
As she that hath vnder her demeyne,
Man, Beeste, and ffoule, and euery creature,
Eke heven, and erthe, and euery creature,
With Inne the bondys off hire goldyn cheyne4
This Emperesse off custum dothe enbrace;
And next hire komyth hire sustre called Grace. Grace.
Passyng ffamous, and offa grete Reuerence,
Moste desired in alle Regions;
ffor wher that euer shewith her presence,
She bryngeth gladnes to Citees and Tovns;
Off alle well ffare she holdeth0 the possessions,
ffor, I dar say, prosperyte in no place
No while abydith, but yf ther be grace.
In tokne that Grace shulde7 longe continue,
Vnto the kyng she shewed here ffull benyngne;
And next hire come the Emperesse, ffortune, ffortune.
Apperyng to hym8 with many a noble sygne,
And Ryall toknes, to shewe that he was dygne,
Off god dysposed as grace lyst to ordeyne,
Vpon his heede to were crovnys tweyne. f. 92™
1 Benynge, H. 2 Phoebus in his, H. was callyd, H.
4 In H the fourth and fifth lines are transposed.
5 and of the, C. 0 halt, H.; haldith, C. 7 shal, H.
8 To hym apperyng, H.; To apperyng him, C.
102
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
1 Thes three ladyes, alle off oon entent,
Three goostly gifftes, hevenly and devyne,
Vnto the kyng anoon they dydde present,
And to his hyhnesse they dydd anoon enclyne,
And what they weren pleynly to termyne2;
Grace gaff him ffirst at his komyng
Two Riche gifftes, sciens and kunnyng.
3 Nature gaff him eke strenth and ffeyrenesse,
fforto be lovyd and dredde off euery wiht;
ffortune gaff him eke prosperite and Richesse,
With this Scripture apperyng in theire siht,
To him applyed off verrey dewe Riht
' ffirst vndirstonde and wylfully procede
And longe to Regne,' the scripture seyde in dede.
This ys to mene, who so vndirstonde4 a Riht,
' Thow shalt be ffortune haue longe prosperite;
And be Nature thow shalt haue strenth and myht,
fforth to procede In longe ffelicite;
And Grace also hath graunted vnto the,
Vertuously longe in thy Ryall citee,
With Septre and crovne to regne in equyte.'
On the riht hande off thes Emperesses5
Stoode sevyn6 maydenys verrey celestyall;
Lyke Phebes Bemys shone hir goldyn tresses,
1 Fabyan reads:—
We ladyes thre, all by one consent,
Thre goostly gyftes, heuynly and dyuyne
Vnto the, sir kynge, as nowe we do present,
And to thyne hyghnes, here we do this tyme
Vtterly shewe, and theym determyne.
As, I grace, first at thy commynge
Endowe the with science and connynge.
2 determyne, H.
3 Fabyan reads :—
And I Nature with strength and fayrenesse,
For to be loued and drade of euery wyght;
And I fortune, prosperyte and richesse,
The to defende, and to gyue the myght,
Long to enjoye and holde thy trewe ryght,
In vertuous lyfe with honour to procede,
That thy ij ceptours thou may well possede.
4 vndirstondith, H. 5 this Empresse, C. 6 thir, H.; vij, C.
Nature
Grace and
ffortune.
Intende,
prospere,
procede et
regna.
f. 92t
I. JULIUS B II, 143a
103
Vpon her heedes eche havyng a cornall,
Off porte and chere semyng Immortall,
In siht transendyng alle erthely creatures,
So Aungelyk they weren off theyre ffigures.
Alle cladde in white, in tokne off clennesse,
Lyche pure virgynes as in theyre ententys,
Shewyng outward an1 hevenly ffressh brihtnesse;
Stremed with sonnys were alle her garmentis,
Afforne provyded ffor pure Innocentis,
Most columbyne off chere and off lokyng,
Mekely Roos vp at komyng off the kyng.
They hadde on Bawdrykes alle off2 saffir hewe,
Goynge outward gan the kyng salewe,
Hym presentyng with her gifftes newe,
Lyche as theym 3 thouht yt was vnto hem dewe;
Which goostly gifftes here in order sevve,
Dovne dessendyng as syluere dewe ffro hevyn,
Alle grace Include4 with Inne thes gifftes sevyn.
Thes Ryall gifftes ben off vertue moste
Goostly corages, moste souereynly delyte,
These 5 gifftes called off the hooly gooste,
Outward ffigured ben vij dowys white,
And0 seyyng to him, lyke as clerkes write,
'God the ffulfille with Intelligence
And with a spyryt off goostly sapience.
' God sende also vnto thy moste vaylle8,
The to preserve ffrom alle hevynesse,
A spyrit off strenth9, and off goode counsaylle,
Off konnyng, drede, pite and10 lownesse.'
Thus thes ladyes gan theire gifftes dresse,
Graciously at theyre oute komyng,
Be Influence liht vpon the kyng.
1 in, C. 2 on, H. 3 )>ei, H.
5 The, H. 6 And, omitted in C., H.
8 to J)1 moost availe, H. 9 a strenght, C.
4 includyd, H.
7 dns, C.
10 and of, H.
f. 93r0
Impleat te
Deus 7
spiritu
sapiencie et
intellectus,
Spiritu con-
silii et for-
titudinis
sciencie et
pietatis et
spiritu
timoris
domini.
104
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Induat te
Dominus
corona
glorie,
ceptro cle-
mencie,
gladio
Justicie,
pallio pru-
dencie,
scuto ffidei,
galea
salutis, et
vinculo
pacis.
f. 93to
Thes Emperesses hadde on theire lefifte syde
Other sevyn vergynes, pure and clene,
Be attendaunce continuelly to abyde,
All cladde in white, smytte ffulle off sterres shene;
And to declare what they wolde mene
Vnto the kyng with fiful grete Reuerence
Thes were their1 gifftes shortly in sentence:—
' God the endewe with a crovne off glorie;
And with septre2 off clennesse and pytee,
And with a swerde off myht3 and victorie,
And with a mantel of prudence cladde thow be :
A shelde off ffeyth fforto defende the,
An helme off helthe wrouht to thyn encrees4,
Girt with a girdyll off love and parfyte pees.'
These sevyn virgyns off siht most hevenly,
With herte, body, and handes Reioysynge,
And off othir 5 cheris appered murely
ffor the kyngis gracious home komynge;
And ffor gladnesse they beganne to synge,
Most Aungelyk with hevenly armonye,
This same Roundell, which I shall now specyfye.
' Souereyne lorde, Welcome to your citee;
Welcome oure joye, and oure hertis plesaunce,
Welcome oure gladnesse, welcome oure suffisaunce;
Welcome, welcome, riht welcome, mote ye be.
Syngyng to ffom thy Ryall mageste,
We say off herte, without variaunce,
Souereyne lorde, Welcome, Welcome ye be6.'
' Meire, citezenis and alle the comonalte,
At youre home komyng now out off ffraunce,
Be grace relevyd off theyre olde grevaunce,
Syng this day with grete solempnyte,
Souereyne lorde, Welcome to your citee7.'
1 Thes were thre, C. 2 a septre, H. 3 sheld of riyt, H.
4 encreses, C. 6 of ther, C. 0 oure joye, H.
7 The last line, which completes the roundell, is omitted by H. Although
the roundell is duly marked in the MSS. Nicolas failed to distinguish it, a?id
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
Thus resseyvyd, an esy paas Rydyng,
The kyng is entred into this Citee ;
And in Cornhill anoon at his komyng,
To done plesaunce to his magestee,
A Tabernacle surmontyng off beaute,
Ther was ordeyned, be fful ffressh entayle, f- 94r0
Richely arrayed with Ryall Apparayle.
This Tabernacle off moste magnyficence,
Was off his byldyng verrey Imperyall,
Made fifor the lady callyd Dame Sapience1;
To-fore whos fface moste statly and Ryall
Weren the sevyn sciences callyd lyberall
Rounde aboute, as makyd ys memorie,
Which neuer departed fifrom hire 2 consistorie.
ffirst ther was Gramer, as I reherse gan 3, Septem
Chiefif ffounderesse 4 and Roote off all konnyng, liberate1
Which hadde a-fforn hire olde Precian;
And Logyk hadde a-fforn hire stondyng5
Arestotyll mosteG clerkely dysputyng ;
And Rethoryk hadde eke in hire presence,
Tulyus, callyd mirrour off Eloquence.
And Musyk hadde, voyde7 off alle discorde,
Boece, hire clerke, with hevenly Armonye,
And Instrumentis alle off oone accorde;
the subsequent verses are consequently divided wrongly by him. Fabyan,
falling into a like error, rewrote it to his own fancy, in conformity with the
main stanzas :—
Soueraygne lord, welcome to your citie;
Welcome our joye and our hertes plesaunce;
Welcome our gladnesse, welcome our suffysaunce;
Welcome, welcome, ryght welcome mutt ye be!
Syngynge before thy royall mageste,
We say with herte withouten varyaunce,
Soueraygne lord, nowe welcome out of Fraunce.
The mayer and citezins with all the comynaltie,
Reioyse your commynge newly out of Fraunce,
Wherby this city and they releuyd be
Of all their sorowe and former grevaunce ;
Wherfore they say and syng without greue,
Welcome, welcome, welcome our hertes ioye!
Welcome you be vnto your owne new Troye!
1 lady Dame Sapience, C. 2 her, C.; his, H. 3 can, C., H.
4 chef founder, H. 5 here ek stondyng, H. G so, H. 7 royde, H.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
fforto practyse with sugred melodye
He and his scolers theyre wyttes dydde applye,
With touche off strenges on Orgons eke 1 pleyng
Theyre crafte to shewe at komyng off the kyng2.
And Arsmetryk, be castyng off nombrarye,
Chees Pyktogeras ffor hire partye;
Called chieff clerke to3 governe her lybrarye
Euclyde toke mesours be crafte off Gemetrye ;
And alderhyhest stoode4 Astronomye,
Albunisar last with here off sevyn,
With Instrumentis that rauht vp into hevyn.
The chief pryncesse called Sapience5
Hadde to-forn hire writenG this scripture ;
' Kynges,' quod she, ' moste off excellence7,
By me they Regne and moste in Joye endure,
ffor thurh my helpe, and my besy cure,
To encrese theyre glorie and hyh Renoun,
They shull off wysdome haue ffull possessioun.'
And in the ffront off this Tabernacle,
Sapience a scripture ganne devyse
Able to be redde with oute a spektakle,
To yonge kynges seyyng in this wyse,
' Vnderstondith and lernyth off the wyse,
On riht Remembryng the hyh lorde to queme,
Syth ye be Juges other ffolke to deme.'
fferthermore the matere doth devyse:
The kyng, procedyng fforth on8 his way,
Kome to the conduyte made in cercle wyse ;
we, H. 2 at J>e comynge of oure kyng, H.
called chief to, C. 4 alder highest tooke, C.; al}>er hei^est, H.
callyd dame Sapience, H. 6 wrete, H.
Fabyan,/<?r the first three lines, reads:—
Lo! I chief pryncesse, Dame Sapience,
Shewe vnto you this sentence of scripture,
Kynges that ben moost of excellence.
vpon, C.
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
107
Whome to resseyve, ther was made no delay,
And middys above in ffull Riche Aray,
Ther satte a childe off beaute precellyng,
Middis off the Throne Rayed lyke a kyng.
f- 95r
Whom to governe, ther was ffigured1 tweyne,
A lady, Mercy, satte on his Riht syde;
On his lyffte hand, yff I shall nat ffeyne2,
A lady, Trouthe, his Domes to provyde;
The lady Clemens 3 aloffte dydde abyde,
Off god ordeyned in the same place
The kyngis Throne strongely to enbrace.
ffor, by the Sentence off prudent Salaman,
Mercy and Riht kepyn4 euery kyng,
And Clemence kepte by Reson,
His myhty Throne ffrom myschieff and ffallyng5,
And makith yt stronge with longe abydyng;
ffor I darr say thes sayde ladyes three0
A kyng preserve in longe prosperytee7.
Domina
misericor-
dia a dex-
tris et
Domina
veritatis a
sinistris
cum de¬
mentia
Roborabi-
tur Thro-
nus eius.
Miseri-
cordia et
Veritas
custodiunt
Re«em.
Thanne stoode also affore8 the seyde kyng
Twoo Juges with ffull hyh noblesse,
Viij sergeauntes echon Representyng9
ffor comvne profyte, doom, and Rihtwysnesse ;
Honour off kyng, which I shall expresse
With this scripture in every manys siht10,
Off comyn custum lovith equyte and Riht.
Iudicium et
Iusticia.
Honor
Regis
Judicium
diligit.
f. 95™
1 asygnyd, H. 2 schuld not fayle, C.
3 Clennes, C. 4 kepyng, C.; kepyn, H.
c Fabyan:—
Mercy and right preseruyn euery kynge,
And I Clennesse obserued by reason
Kepe his Trone from myschief and fallynge.
6 So I conclude that we ladyes thre, H. 7 felicite, H.
8 afore also, H. 9 presentyng, C.
10 C. transposes the fifth and sixth lines ; H. reads'.—
Withe this scripture, whiche shall expresse,
Honour of kyng is in every mannys sy3t;
Gregory:—
Honoure of kyngys in every mannys syght
Of comyn custome lovyth equyte and ryghte.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Kyng Davyd wrote, the sawter berith wyttnesse,
' Lorde god,' quod he, ' thy dome yeve1 to the kyng,
And yeve thy trouthe and Rihtwysnesse
The2 kyngis sone here in his levyng';
To us declaryng, as by theyre wrytyng,
That kyngis, princes, shulde aboute hem drawe
ffolke that be trewe and well expert in lawe3.
The kyng fforth rydyng entryd into Chepe anoon4,
A lusty place, a place off alle delytys,
Kome to the conduyt, wher5, as cristall stoon,
The water Ranne like welles off paradys,
The holsome lykour, fful Riche and off grete prys,
Lyke to the water off Archedeclyne,
Which by miracle was turned intoG wyne.
Thetes, which that is off waters7 chieff goddesse,
Hadde off the welle power noon ne myht8,
ffor Bachus shewed ther his ffulsomnesse
Off holsome wynes to euery manere wiht;
ffor wyn off nature makith hertes liht,
Wherfore Bachus, at Reverence off the kyng,
Shewed9 oute his plente at his home komyng.
Wyn ys a likour off grete Recreacion10,
That day presentyd in tokne of alle gladnessen,
Vnto the kyng off ffamous and12 hyh Renoun13;
ffrom vs texile14 alle manere hevynesse;
ffor with his komyng, the dede berith wytnesse,
Out off the15 londe he putte away alle trouble,
And made off newe our Joyes to be double.
Eke at thes welles there were virgyns three,
Which drewe wyn vp off10 Joye and off plesaunce,
Mercy and Grace, theyre suster17 eke Pyte;
yif us, H. 2 To }>e, H. 3 in the lawe, C.
enterid into Chepe, C. ; entred Chepe anone, H.
come to to Condyte were, C. c to, H. 7 wich is of waters, C.
non nor myght, H. 9 Shedd, C., H.
lycour of recreacion, H. 11 of gladnesse, H. 12 of, C.
1 Into )>e kyngges famous high renone, H.
i from texile, C.; From to exile, H. 15 jns, H.
; Wiche drew of wyne vp, C.; drew vp wyn of, H. 17 there ther sustre, H.
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
109
Mercy mynystred wynes off attemperaunce,
Grace shedde hire 1 likour off goode gouernaunce,
And Pitee profered with ffull goode ffoyson
Wynes off comforte and consolacion.
The wyn of Mercy staunchith by2 nature
The gredy thristis off cruell hastynesse,
Grace with hire likour cristall 3 and pure
Defferrith vengaunce off ffurious woodnesse,
And Pitee blymsith4 the swerde off Rihtwysnesse;
Covenable welles, moste holsom off savour,
fforto be tasted off every governour.
O ! how thes welles, who so take 5 goode hede,
With her likours moste holsome to ataine,
Affore devysed notably in dede
fforto accord en with the meirys name;
Which by Report off his worthy ffame
That day was busy in alle his gouernaunce,
Vnto the kyng fforto done6 plesaunce.
Ther were eke treen, with leves ffressh off hewe,
Alle tyme off yeer, ffulle off ffruytes lade,
Off colour hevynly, and euer y-liche newe,
Orenges, Almondis, and the Pome-gernade7,
Lymons, Dates, their colours ffressh and glade,
Pypyns8, Quynces, Blaunderell to disport,
And the Pome-cedre corageous to Recomfort.
Eke the ffruytes which9 more comvne be,
Ouenynges, Peches, Costardes, and Wardons 10,
And other meny ffull ffayre and ffressh to se;
The Pome-water and the gentyll Ricardons ;
And ageyns hertes ffor mutygacions
Damysyns, which with her taste delyte,
ffull grete plente both off blak and white.
1 the, C. 2 of, H. cristallyne, C., H.
4 blemeshith, C.; blemsyjt, H. 5 tok, H.
6 do, C. 7 Pome-Garnard, C. 8 Pipus, C.
9 Eke o)jere frutis whiche J)4, H. 10 etiam wardons, C.
f. 96"
Nomen
Maioris
Joftes
Welles
110
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f. 97™
And besydis this gracious paradys,
Alle Joye1 and gladnesse fforto multiplye,
Twoo olde men, ffull circumspecte and wyse,
There dydde appere lyke ffolkes off ffeyrye 2 ;
The toon was Ennok, the tothir3 Elye,
The kyng presentyng their gifftes ffull notable,
That god conferme his state ay to be stable.
Nihil pro-
ficiat Ini-
micns in eo.
Et filius
iniquitatis
non ap-
ponat
nocere ei.
The ffirst seyde, with benyngne chere,
Gretly desirynge his prosperyte,
That noon Enemyes have in 4 him power,
Nor that no5 childe by ffalse Iniquyte
Parturble neuer his ffelicite ;
Thus olde Ennok the processe gan well telle,
And prayd ffor the kyng as he roode by the welle.
Dominus
conservet
eum, et
viuificet
eum et
beatum
faciet eum.
Affter Elyas, with his lokkes hoore,
Seyde well devoutly6, lokyng on the kyng,
' God conserve the and kepe the euermore,
And make him blessid, here in erthe levyng,
And preserve him in alle manere thyng,
And specially amongis kynges alle,
In Enemyes handes that he neuer ffalle.'
Haurietis
aquas in
gaudio de
fontibus
Saluatoris.
And at7 ffrountour off these welles clere,
Ther was a scripture komendyng the8 lykour
'Yee shall drawe waters, with goode chere,
Oute off welles off oure savyour,'
Which have vertue to curen alle langour9,
Be Influence off her grete swetnesse,
Hertes avoydyng off alle theire hevynesse.
Thanne ffrom thes welles off ffulsome habundance,
f. 97vo With theyre lykours as eny cristall clene,
The kyng roode fforth, with sobre contenaunce,
1 And joy, C.; A1 io^e, H. 2 ffolkes of ffayre, C.; folkys faire, H.
3 b1 o)>er, H. 4 enemy have on, H. 5 Nor no, H.
6 Wei devoutly seyde, H. 7 At f>e, H.
8 }>er, H. 9 langoures, C.
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
111
Towarde a castell Bilt1 off Jasper grene,
Vpon whos Toures the sonne shone shene2,
Ther clerly shewed, by notable3 Remembraunce,
This4 kyngis Tytle off Englond and off ffraunce.
Twoo green Treen ther grewe vp Riht,
ffro Seint Edward and ffro Seint Lowys,
The Roote y-take5 palpable to the siht,
Conveyed by lynes be kyngis off grete prys0;
Some bare leopardes, and some bare fflourdelys,
In nouther armes ffounde was ther no lak,
Which the sixte Herry may now bere on his Bak.
The degree7 be Juste successioun,
As trewe8 cronycles trewly determyne,
Vnto the kyng ys now dessended dovn
ffrom eyther partye riht as eny lyne;
Vpon whos heede now ffresshly done9 shyne
Two Riche crovnes most sovereyn off plesaunce,
To brynge Inne pees bitwene England and ffraunce.
Vpon this castell on10 the tothir side
Ther was a Tree, which sprange out off Jesse.
Ordeyned off god ffull longe to abyde;—
Dauyd crovnyd ffirst11 ffor his humylite,
The branches conveyd, as men myht se,
Lyneally and in the Genologie12, f. 98ro
To Crist Jhesu, that was born off Marie.
And why the Jesse was sette on that partye,
This was the cause in Especyall,
ffor next to Poulis, I dar well specefye,
Is the partye moste chieff and princypall,
Callyd off London the chirche Cathederall,
Which ought off Reson the devyse to excuse13,
To all thoo that wold ageyn yt ffroune or muse 14.
I beldyd, H.; bylt, C. 2 schone full schene, C., H.
3 noble, C. 4 The, H. 5 etake, H.
6 Conveyd be kynges of gret prys, H. 7 pedegre, H.
8 olde, Fabyan. 9 dothe, C. 10 vnto, C.
II first crownyd, H. 12 and J>e genelogye, H.
13 devys for to excuse, H. 14 musee, C.
112
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And ffro that castell the kyng fforth gan him dresse
Toward Poulys, chieff chirche off this Citee,
And at Conduyt a lihtx, and a lykenesse
Indevysible made off the Trinite,
A Throne compassid off his Ryall See;
Aboute which, shortly to conclude,
Off hevenly Aungelles weren2 a grete multitude.
3 To whom was yoven a precepte in scripture,
Wrote in the ffrontour off the hyh stage,
That they shulde done theyre besy cure,
To kepe the kyng 5 ffrom alle damage
In his lyff here, duryng alle his Age,
His hyh Renoun to sprede and shyne G fiferre,
And off his 7 twoo Reemes to sese the mortall werre.
8 And laste was wretyn in the fifronterys:
'I shall ffulfille him with Joye and habundance,
And with lengthe off holsome9 yeerys,
And I shall shewe him my helpe10 with all plesaunce,
And off his lieges fifeythfull obeyssaunce,
And multyplye and encrese his lyne
And make his noblesse thurh the11 worlde to shyne.'
1 And at Condite a lytell, C.; And at j>c conduyt he li^t, H. 2 was, H.
8 Fabyan reads : ' upon the front of the said trone was wryten these verses
or balades folowynge, the which were spoken by the fader vnto the kyng:—
To you my aungellys this precept ye assure,
This prynce that is so yonge and tender of age,
That ye entende and do yopr besy cure
To kepe and saue hym from all maner damage,
In his lyfe here, durynge all his age,
That his renowne may sprede and shyne farre,
And of his two realmes to cease the mortall warre.
And I will further, as I shewe to hym here,
Fulfil hym with joy and worldly habundance,
And with length of many and holsom yere.
I shall comfort and help with all plesaunce,
And of his lieges to have faythfull obeysaunce.
4 So also C. Gregory reads: whythe thes resonys in Latyn wrytyn:
Angelus suus mandavit de te, but the scribe, realizing that something was
wrong, crossed through the word de. Read Angelis suis as in V.
5 the kyng sure, C., H. G to shyne and sprede, H. 7 of these, C.
8 C. has in the margin: Longitudinem dierum replebo eum, et ostendam
illi salutare meum. So also G., which, however, reads : replebo in eum, and
salutare eum ; V. reads replebo meum, and salutare eum.
9 of many holsom, H. 10 hel)?e, H. 11 thorow oute the, C., H.
Angelus
eius man-
davit dete4
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
J13
Love off his peple, ffauour off alle Straungers,
In bothe his Remys Pees, Reest1, and Vnyte,
Be Influence off the nyne sperys,
Longe to continue in his Ryall See,
Grace to cherice the Meirs and the Citee,
Longe in his mynde to be conceyved
Heer goode wille2, that day he was resseyved.
Comyng to Poulis ther he liht adovn,
Entryng3 the chirche ffull demure off chere,
And there to mete him with procession
Was the Erchebisshop, and the Chaunceller,
Lyncoln, and Bathe, off hoole herte and entier,
Salysbury, Norwich, and Ely,
In pontyficall arrayed Richely.
Ther was the Bisshop off Rouchestre also,
The Dene off Poulys, the chanons euerychon,
Off dewte as 4 they ouht to do,
On procession with the kyng to goon ; f. 99™
And thouh I kan nat reherse hem oon by oon,
yitt dar I say, as In theyre entent,
To do theyre dever ffull trewly they ment.
Lyke theyre estates fforth they ganne procede,
With obseruaunces longyng ffor a kyng
Solempnely gan him conveye in dede
Vp vnto the chirche with ffull devoute syngyng ;
And whanne he hadde made his offryng,
The Meire, the Citezenis, abode and lefft him nouht,
Vnto Westmynstre tyl they hadde him brouht.
Wher all the covent, in copys Richely,
Mette with him off custume as they ouht;
The Abbot affter moste solempnely
Amonges the Relikes the Septre5 oute souht6,
Off seint Edward, and to the kyng it7 brouht;
Thouh it were longe, large, and off grete weyht,
Yitt on his shuldres the kyng bare 8 it on heyht,
1 pees and rest, C., H. 2 Here god wol, C.; With how good will, H.
8 entered, C. 4 Of dew os, C. 5 scripture, H.
6 ought he sought, C. 7 he, H. 8 schulderis he bare, C.
KINGSFORD J
3 14 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f. 99"
Ex duabus
arboribus
Sancti
Edwardi
et Sancti
I.odowici.
f. ioor°
Into the mynstre, while alle the Belles Ronge,
Tyl he kome1 to the hyh Awtere,
And ffull devoutly Te Deum ther was Songe,
And the2 peple, gladde off looke and chere,
Thanked3 God with alle her hertes entere,
To se theire kyng with twoo crovnys shyne,
ffrom two Trees trewly fifette the lyne.
And affter that, this ys the verrey sothe4,
Vnto his paleys off kyngly apparaylle,
With his lordes the kyng fforth5 goothe
To take his Reste affter his travaylle ;
And than off wysdome, that6 may so mych avaylle,
The meire, the citezenis, which alle this dyd se7,
Ben home Repeyred into hire Citee.
The Shereves, the Aldermen in ffere,
The Saturday alther next suyng,
Theire meire presented, with theyre hertes entere,
Goodly to be resseyved off the kyng;
And at Westm'. confermed theire askyng8,
The meyre and they with ffull hole entent
Vnto the kyng A gyffte gan to present9.
The which giffte, they goodly haue dysposyd,
Toke an hamper off golde that shene shone,
A M1 pounde off golde ther Inne yclosyd10;
And ther with all to the kyng they goone,
And ffylle on knees to-forn him euerychoone
ffull humbly the trouthe to devyse,
And to the kyng the Meire seyde in this wyse.
Most cristen Prynce and noble kyng, the goode ffolke off
youre moste notable Citee off London, other wyse cleped11 youre
chambre, Beseching In her moste lowly wyse they mowe, be
Recomanded to12 youre hyhnesse. And that yt kan lyke vnto
1 Til ])* he come, H. 2 All )>e, H.
3 Thankynge, H. 4 And aftyr J>is it ys verrey sothe, H.
6 j)e kyng anon forth, H. 6 wiche, C. 7 al )>is )>ing ded see, H.
8 }>ere a J>yng, H. 9 gan present, C., H.
10 closyd, C., H. 11 o}>er wise callid, H. 12 recommaundyd vn to, C.
I. JULIUS B II, 1432
ii5
your noble grace to resseyve this lytyll gyffte, gyffyn with a
goode wille off Trouthe and lownesse1, as euer eny giffte was
yoven to eny erthely prince.
Be gladde, O London! be gladde and make grete Joye,
Citee off Citees, off noblesse precellyng,
In thy bygynnynge called newe Troye,
ffor worthynesse thanke god off alle thyng,
Which hast this day Resseyved so thy2 kyng,
With many a signe and many obseruaunce
To encrese thy name by newe Remembraunce.
Suche Joye was neuer3 in the consistorie4
Made ffor the Tryumphe with alle the surpluage,
Whanne Sesar Julius kam home with his victorie;
Ne ffor the conqueste off Sypion in Cartage;
As London made, in euery maner Age,
Out off ffraunce at the home5 komyng
In to this Citee off theyre noble kyng.
Off sevyn thinges I preyse this citee,
Off trewe menyng, and ffeythfull observaunce6,
Off Rihtwysnesse, Trouthe, and Equyte,
Off Stablenesse ay kepte in lygeaunce,
And ffor off Vertue thow hast such suffisaunce,
In this lande here and other landes alle
The kyngis chambre off custume men the calle7.
L'ENVOYE.
O noble Meir! be yt vnto 8 youre plesaunce,
And to9 alle that duelle10 in this Citee,
On myn Rudenesse and on myn ygnoraunce,
Off Grace and Mercy fforto haue pitee,
My symple makyng fforto take at gree;
1 as good a wille, trouthe and lownesse, H. 2 }>0, H. 3 nat, C.
4 was in the consistorie, H. 5 att home, C.; at his home, H.
c obeisaunce, H. 7 men it call, C. and H. 8 into, H.
8 vnto, H. 10 duellith, H.
I 2
n6 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Considre this that in moste1 lowly wyse
My wille were goode fforto do yow2 servyse3.
John Parneys | oiney6 } Anno Vndecimo-
John Eroklee| |-^nno Duodecimo.
Robertus Otteleyj JL?|in Benewell I Anno Tercio-decimo.
J { Thomas Lyre j
1 in J>e moost, H. 2 H. omits yow.
s H. has the colopho?i: ' Here endith )>e makyng of )>e Comynge of J>0
kyng out of ffraunce to London, Be ]>e monk of Bery.—Deo Gracias.'
II. CLEOPATRA C IV
. . . togeder1 to J?e gappe wfowte more company; and J>en f. 2 2r°
owre kyng tourned ayene, and led on his hoste and comfortyd
hem and sayde : ' fifelowes, be]? a good cher, and ablowe yow and
be-kele yow wel, and comyth up all with youre ese, ffor with y love
of god we schall haue good tydyngys.' And so owre kyng with
his lordes lay to fore y towne of harflete; and y ffrensshmen
hadden made a scluse to fore y towne of harflete y brode of
a myl, for to forbarre owre englysshmen fro ])e towne of harflete.
And J>en owre kyng toke his bottes, and searchyd ]?e water.
And ]?er lay owre kyng at }>e sege til ])e xxviij day of Septembre
next suyng, upon the which day )?e ffrensshmen come oute on
safe condyte to entrete w* y kynge, for ]?ei may no longer wel
holde Y towne. And J»ei was here askynge of owre kynge y of
honoure of his hye kynghode, and as he was most worthi
kynge and prynce of all Cristen', graunte hem his grace, y yi
muste send message to the ffrenssh kynge, to wete of hym
whether he wolde rescu hem or not; and but f?e ffrenssh kyng
wolde resku hem by ij° dayes ende after y J>ei had spoke wfc y
frenssh kynge, J?ei to 3elde up p>e towne to owre kynge, and do f. 22™
with hem what he wolde, bo{? w4 her body and w1 her gode.
Owre kynge answerde and saide, y y day y ]?ei askyd was to
shorte; and so y kyng 3af hem day til y sonday next suynge,
y was ]?e ferthe day after at twayne after none. And ]?ei to
plegges and ostage on y same condicion; and so was laide in
ostagc y lorde of Totvyle, y lorde de clere, le chastlayne
Beunas, le Syr Blosset, Syr Benet de Lenchampe, Syr John de
Malevile, Syr Charle de Toutscalem, Syr Caredes de quossnos,
Syr jakes de Beawcomelere.
];es ben y names of gentilmen, marchauntes and grete men of
|?e toune; William de Porte, Tomasyn de Esars, Malerve, John
Herrad, Estephan Esquevaut, Guillam de Bowchere, Loryn
Robyne, Alyne Lygnee, Johan Brabut, Robynet Lambert, Robyn
1 The first line begins in the middle of a sentence.
n8 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Wilkyn, Johan de Marye, Phelippy le Due, Guilmot Gailhac,
Colenet Longleys, Guilliam de Bufreve, Jaquelyn le Bochere,
f. 23ro Colyn Gabart, Robyn Lambart, Guilem le mason, Oliver
Guilhaut, Guillam de Boys, Guilliam Lamy, Colyn le Cut,
Guilleam Russell, Sampson Perton, Thomasyn Hay, Jaquetyn
de Burdoux, Guilliam Cesto, Robyn Corralle, Bertram Querre.
These be]? y names of hem p1 were put to y kepynge of y
towne by pe chesynge of y ffrenssh men unto J»e forsayde
sonday, and els but ]>ei were rescuede elles to 3elde up y kayes
to y kynge of Inglonde; y lorde Gaucorte, f>e lorde of
Osbose, y lorde of Blanvile, J?e lorde of Sevale, y lorde of
fflory, y lorde of Haquevile, y lorde of Seme, y lorde of
f. 23™ Colernas de Bochervile, ]?e lorde of Handcote, y lorde Charles
de Toutvile, y lorde Estuphucot, J?e lorde de Larses, y lorde
Hew de Sapinos, y Russel de Seme, Matilet Hangervile, y
lorde Buryan Martill, Bele Garde, Compaygne Wude de Covlers \
y lorde Sturbelvile, |?e lorde Robyn de la Porte, Rogeryn
Blosset, Syr Audot de Chalounes, Abdinet de la Brawnche.
pes bep pe names of men of y town of harflew, y were laide
in ostage pe xxviij day of septembre for y 3eldynge of the towne,
but 3if it were rescuede by sonday next suyng by on afternone ;
first y lorde of Totevile, ]?e lorde of Clere, le Chastelayn Beunas,
the lorde Blosset, Syr Benet de Lenchampe, Syr John de
Malavyle, Syr John de Toutscalem, Syr Carades de Quissows,
Syr Jakes de Beavcomeler.
f. 34™ And when J?e embassatores were come fro pe ffrenssh kynge
on y sonday at here oure as here accorde was, owre kynge was
in his tent, with his lordes and with his gentilis, and sat in his
estate as royale as did ever eny kynge; and, as it is saide, J?er
was never crystyn kynge so ryall, noper so lordly sat in his see
as dide he. And y kynge hade asynde certayn lordes and
kny^tes to take hem ine and to bring hem tofore the kynge;
and when ]?° ffrensshmen were come, a kny3t in the myddys of
hem browght the keyes in his hondys, and when thei come to
the tentys pei knelyd all down togederys, but ]>er had ]?ei no sy3t
of the kynge; and pea ]>ei were broght into oper tentes, and }>er
pei knelyd down eft sonys a long tyme, but sy3t of owr kynge
1 The MS. would seem to be corrupt.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1415
119
had }>ei none ; and ]?er J>ei were toke and broght into an inner tente,
and ]?er ]?oi knelyd longe tyme, and 3it sey not owr kynge; and
J?an f?ei were eftes toke up, and broght ]?er owr kynge was, and
YT |>ei knelyd long tyme and J?en owre kynge wolde not rewarde
hem with non eye, til j?ei hade longe knelyd, and J?en J>6 kynge jaf
hem a rewarde with his loke, and made a continawnce to Y erle
of Doqete, J>at schold take of hem p° keyes, and so he dide, and
}>er were }>e ffrenssh men taken up and mad chere; and thus
hade owre kynge J?° town delivered, and J?erof J?e erle of Dorset
captayn. And J?er lay owre kynge til Y firste day of Octobre,
Y which day owre kyng removyd, and toke his way ]?orow f.
Normandy and ]?orow Pykardy towarde calys. And J?ese beth
}?e townes Y owre kynge rood by thorow ffraunce. ffirst is
harflew, Y second is hovndfle, Y thirde is Barflete, the ferthe
is Moostervelers, Y ffescompe w* ]>e abbey, Y sixt is arkes,
|?e seven{?e is depe, Y eyghte is depe, ]?e ix° is J;6 cete of delewe,
Y x° is }>e cete de Tewe, xj° is cete of de Neelle, j?e xij° is J?e
cete de Amyas, Y x"j° l^6 ce^e °f arasJ J,e xiiij0 Y water of
Somme, J?e xv° Y ce^e Pyroune, ]>e xvj° Y water of swerdys,
and J>an ]>e batel of Tyrwyne. And in A3yngcorte felde owre
kynge faught wt Y ffrensshmen Y ffryday to fore Y day
symon and Jude; and }>er all Y rya.ll power of fifrensshemen
come a^enst owre kynge and his litill meyne, save the ffrenssh
kynge and Y dolfyne, and Y duke of Borgoyn, and Y duke of
Barre ; elles all J>e lordys of ffraunce lay tofore the kyng in his hy
way as he schuld passe towarde calys, embateylyd in iij° batayles,
as Y ffrensshemen sayde hem silfe, Y nowmbre of lx ma men of
armes, and |>° were Y faireste men of armys Y ev^r any man saw
in any place. And owre kynge w1 his litell mayne sey well he
must nedys fy3te, or he myght not come to Caleys by the hy
way. And J>an he sayde to his lordys and to his mayne: ' Syres
and ffelowes, ]>e ^ondere mayne J?enk to lette vs of owre way:
and J>ei wil nat come to vs, lete euery man preve hym silfe a good f.
man Jns day, and avant baner in ]?e beste tyme of the yere ; for as
I am trew kynge and knyht, for me j?is day schalle never
Inglonde rawnsome pay ; erste many a man schall leue is weddes,
for here erste to deth I wil be dyght, and )?erfore lordynges,
for the love of swete Jhesu, helpe mayntayne Inglondes ryght
)?is day. Allso, Archers, to yow I pray, no fote Y 3e ^ee away,
ISO' CHRONICLES OF LONDON
erste be we alle beten in this felde. And J>enke be Englysshe-
men )?at never wolde flee at no batelle, for a3enste one of vs
}>ow]?e ]?er be ten, )?enke Criste will help vs in owre ryght. But
I wolde no blood were spilte, Cryste helpe me so now in ]?is case,
but J>° Y ben cause of this trespase ; when J?u sittest in jugment,
}?er holde me excused tofore y face, as J?u art God omnipotent.
But passe we all now in fere, Duke, Erie and Bachelere. Of all
owre synnys he make us seker, Jentil Jhesu, borne of Marye, and
as for vs ]?u deydyst on good fryday, as y will was, so brynge vs
f. 25™ to Y blisse on hy, and graunte vs J?er to haue a place. Do and
bete on ffaste.' Owre kynge tho bad wy];e full glad chere ; and
so thei dyd at ]?4 word, lord, knyght, and archere. J?er men
myght see a semble sade, y turnyd many on to tene and tray;
for many a lorde ]?er ryght low lay, y comen was of blod full
gent, By evensong tyme, so];ely to say; ]?er holpe us god
omnipotent.
Stedes J?er stumbelyd in y stownde,
y stood stere stuffed vnder stele1;
gronyng grete J?ei felle to grownde,
Her sydes federid whan J?ei gone fele.
Owre lorde J?e kynge he foght ryght wele,
Scharpliche on hem his spere he spent,
Many on seke he made y sele,
Thorow myght of god omnipotent.
The Duke of Glowcestre also y tyde
Manfully wl his mayne
Wonder he wroght J>er wondere wyde;
The Duke of 3orke also, perde,
Fro his kyng no fote wold he flee,
Til his basonet to his brayn was bent;
Now on his sowle he have pete,
Mersifull god omnipotent.
Hontyngdon and Oxforde bothe,
Were wonder fers all in y fyght;
That erste was glade ];ei made ful wrothe;
Thorow hem many on to deth were dight.
1 The copyist had omitted this line and afterwards inserted it.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1415
The Erles fowghten w1 mayn and myjt,
Rich hawberke thei rofe and rente;
Owre kyng to help thei were full lyght;
Now blesse hem, god omnipotent.
The erle of Suthfolk gan hem assaylle,
And syr Richarde kyghle in )->* stede,
Here lyves )?ei losten in y bataile,
W1 dyntes sore J?er were thei dede.
3if eny man byde eny good bede
Vnto god w4 good entent,
To J?° two sowles it mote be mede,
Gracius god omnipotent.
Syr William bowsere, as fovle in fright,
Preste he ]>er was upon his pray,
Erpyngham he came hym with,
Her manhode holp us well y day.
Off ffrenssh folk in y affray
Thre dukes were dede with doleful dent,
And fyve erles, y is no nay;
Ther holpe vs god omnipotent.
Lordes of name an hunderde and mo
Bitterly J?1 bargayn bowght;
Two };ovsand cot-armers also,
After her sorow ]?edere }>ei sowght.
Ten thowsand ffrensshemen to de]> were browght,
Off whom never none away went:
All her names solely know I nowght;
Have mersy on hem cryst omnipotent.
Two dukes were taken in ]?at stoure,
He of orliawnce and of borbon,
The Ewe, and Arthowre,
The erle of Vandon, and many one.
y erchebisshope of Sens come w1 owre foon,
1
Hym failed ]>e wynnynge of his schone,
]?orow myght of god omnipotent.
1 The copyist omitted a line here andfailed to 7iote it.
122
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
\f fels fflemyngys, god 3ef hem care,
Thei loved us never 3it, by the roode,
ffor all here fals flatteryng fare,
A3enst owre kyng y day ]>ei stode;
Bot many of hem her hert-blode
Vnbly]?ly bledden vpon y bent,
jit schalle ]?ei never wayt Inglond good,
I swer by god omnipotent.
These be)? ]?e names of the ffrenssh lordes ]?* were dede at the
batayle of Ajingcorte, the yere of owre lorde Jhesu cryste M1 cccc0
& xv° on a fryday J?e xxv° day of Octobre; y constable of
ffraunce, y duke of Launson, y duke of Barre, y duke of
Braban, ]>e erle of Neueres, y erle of Rousye, y erle of Braile,
J>0 erle of Saumes, pe erle of Grauntpre, J?e lorde Dampierre, y
lorde Beustemont, y lorde John Daucy Bail of Dennas, y lorde
Doomery, y lorde Robert ffrote, y lorde Renanuile, y lorde of
Baquevyle, y lorde of Croy, J>e lorde Gayle, y lorde of Waryn,
y lorde Gromyan, y lorde seseal de hoyniam, y lorde de
Mongaugiere, y lorde coursy, y lorde de Oudart de Rant, John
de gardyn, ]?e lorde of Bremes, sir Symon de ffaygnouell, y
lorde de Craues, y lorde Robert Montygu, y lorde de Quennes,
y lorde Dauchy, y lorde Gerade de Horbaumes, y lorde John
de Corens, y lorde de Soyele, y lorde Tyncharde de Dulphyn,
y lorde de Monttenay, y lorde de Vosay and his son, ]>e lorde
Renamit d'agincort, y lorde Mayheu de Humeres, y lorde
Phelip de Sossens, y lorde Buryan de Raybergge, y lorde of
Poyse, y lorde Lavncolet de clarry, ]?e lorde Robert de Waryne,
y lorde Robert de la hamede, y lorde de Cresynes, y lorde de
Margute, y lorde Roger de Pois, y lorde of Grennoos et ve de
sez freres, y lorde of Noyell, y lorde Antony de Crau, y lorde
Collard de Cassenes, J;e lorde Denham, y lorde Torgne de Veux,
y lorde de Beaufort, y lorde of Pierre Bon Enfant, John Sempy,
j)e lorde John Porn de Pres, J?e lord de Bruenne, y lorde Rowland
de Triadoo, ]?e lorde Philip de leux, J?e lorde sir William de
Croy, )>e lorde de seynt clere, J?e lorde John of Poys, the lorde
Jaques de Courtyamble, ]?e lorde Sayllaunt, Burryant de Geremes,
y lorde de Caventy, y lorde Alard de Sommange, lorde
Collard de ffrenmies, y lorde Gavnet Burnemvile, y lorde
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1415, 1416 123
Raoule de fflaundres, le vidam de lannoys, Sir John Garemeus,
Robert Sauvage, y lorde Dacy, |?e lorde de Boy, y lorde
Colonches ffort escvy, John de lysle, Duufet Dauny, y lorde Doo,
sir John de Beaumont, Sir John de Mountenay, Sir John Preux,
Sir Charles de Chastelley, Sir John de lunberte son frere, John
Gueryn, sir John de Collovyle, y lorde of Brulley, Sir Guylle de
Grauile.
Nicholaus Wotton, Maior.
Alanus Everarde \ . Ao ...0
Willelmus Cambryge j ^
This yere y Erie of Dorset rood owte of harflewe the monday 1415
tofor seynt Clement day towarde y place y ]?e ffrensh kynge
was inne and y dolphyn of ffraunce, ]?e which place was clepyd
Rowane. And at pavelen y is fovre englisch myle from Rowane
y Erie of Dor3et helde is stale, and yr he toke prisoners ii M1
and xl of fifrenssh men. And my lorde of Dor3et had had with f. 28ro
hym of his men but viiic in all, and he retornede ayene j?e
thorsday next suynge. And j?1 same yere y Erie of Dorset
rode oute into y contre y xix day of desembre, y is ii° day
to fore seynt thomas day to fore cristmas, and browght home wt
hym into harflew viii c of churles of ]?e contre. And y same
yere oure kyng holde his cristmasse at Eltham. And whan his
cristmas was done he come to }>e toure of london, and |?ere he
lay til pe xxvi day of feberere, and on ]?e xxvii day of pe same
month harry owre kyng roode northewarde. And y ix day of i4I6
marche y erle of Dorset made a rydyng owt xxx englisch myle
into the londe, and he was owt Monday, Todesday, Wodensday
and Thorsday; and in y commynge homewarde J?ere file tofore
hym and his mayne xxxvi0 of ffrensshmen ayenst a M1 of Englysh
men; J?ere ]>ei faught togeder Wodensday and J>e ^orsday, and
worschiped be god y englissmen had y felde boj? dayes; and }>ei
toke of ffrensshmen viiic of goode presoners, and a grete nowmbre
of hem were J>er sclayne; and also ]?er were ded of owre meyne
of foles y wolde not be rewelyde what w4 paies and o]?er many
ouer, and all her horse and caryage were J?ere take from hem, f. 28vo
and many of ]?eyre men were sore bete and the erle of Dorset
hymself was hurte. And also the seconde day of April Syr
William Clifforde w* hys fifelaweschippe toke y toune of Rowele,
124 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
that stant on y watere of Dordone. And upon the palme sonday
next suynge, y was y xii day of Aprile, y ffrenschmen come
downe w* here vesselles into the maryes of Calys in J>e servis
tyme to have prayed away owre bests, y weren in the marys ; but
J?ei were aspyede, and owre englisshmen went oute and toke and
sclew hem, what wl ]?° y were draynte the nowmbre of cc°, so ]?ere
scapyd none of hem away. And this yere on ]>e fyrst day of
May pe Emperour of Rome come to Calys, and }>ere he abode J?4
same day, and was y ffreyday, saterday, and sonday; and on |?e
monday he come to Dover, and J?edere rode ajenste hym ]^e kyngs
bro|?ersyr hovmphray]?anduke of Glovcestreand erle of Pembroke.
And on ]>e Tevsday he come to Caunterbery, and ]?eder roode
a3enste hym kynges o]?er broker syr John ]?an duke of Bedforde
f- 29ro and erle of kendale; and on the wednysday he come to dertforde,
and ]?edere roode thomas y kyng's o]?er broker J?an duke of Clarens
[to fore] a3enste hym ; and so Jjei broghte J>6 emperoure to london
on y thorsday next sewynge, y was ]?e vii day of may; and wl
Emperour come many grete lordys, y whiche names sueth here
after, ffirste y duke lodowyke of Bry, and y grete erle of
Hongry, The Erie de Bartolde, John Carle de Melane, The
Duke Teodorowes, y Duke of lettowe nat at tyme crestene,
Baroeste de la scale, The lorde of Broune, The Barovne of
blomenow de beaume, The Barovne of Beamie clepyd Willm
hlse, The grete mayster of the howse of ]?e Barovns of henigrey,
The Erie of crawates, The Baroune of Beamie clepyd allays.
Allso twey lordys y been counceillors w* y kynge of polayne;
Also Dubo Birwoka Barovne de Boamie, The lorde Michel Breke
Barovne de beaume, and John Ollosnake, and an erchebyshop,
And twei knyjtes, sir Garnade, Also laske Michell, Also Nichole
Lowelowe, and Nicholas comerayke. And owre kyng mette wl
hem on y hyvvay a litel beyonde seynt Thomas waterynge. And
f. 2970 pepil of london mett w1 y Emperowre at y Blakhethe. And
soo owre kyng, and y Emperowre and all the [lordes]l, and the
pepul of the towne of london [rood] 1 thorow the toune of
london to Westmynster. And y Emperowre was assyngned y
palys of Westmynster, and the kyng lay hymselfe at lambeth;
till on a ffryday, and ]/ was y xxii day of May, }>e whiche day
1 The MS. is damaged here.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1416 125
]>ey removyde bo)? towarde Wyndesore towarde y feste of saynt
jorge. And y same moneth owre Englishmen of Calys reden
owte into y marches of Pykardy and sclew J?ere a grete hepe of
fifrensshmen, and broght home to Calys wt hem ix mh of good
schepe. And on seynt Germayne day the bisshope, y is y
xxviii day of may, y duke of holond come to london by water ;
and so he rewed forthe and come not to londe til he come to
lambyth, for J>ere was owre kyng; and y same duke of holonde
was loggyd at y bisshopys Inn of Ely in holborne. And in y
firste weke of Joyn next suyng y kyng hade suche covnceile pt
he schulde have 3ove y kepynge of the tovne of harflew to y
Emperowre and to the duke of holonde, as hit was sayde, for
a certayn tyme; ffor y whiche covnceiles and graunte ]>e f. 30r9
commones were fful sory and dreddyn of strong treson y my^t
fall to y reme, and grochedede wt hole herte, wherof the kyng
hade wetyng. And j;1"1 owre kyng examenyd better this mater
of ]?e fifrensshmen y were prisoners here ; and ]?ea was it wel
knowen to owre kyng, and Emperowre, and to the duke of holonde,
y hit was hyj falsnesse and treson unto owre lond y y fifrenssh¬
men mente. Wherfore owre kynge withowten more delay dyd
do orJ?er on a sonday next suyng J?orow london, on y xiiij day
of June, y all men y scholde passe w* hym ouer J;6 see
schulde be redy w* hym at hampton y xvij day after J>at J?e
or]?er was made. And y was vii dayes after Mydsomerday y y
or]?er was made1. And y duke of holonde was here fro saynt
Germayne y was y xxviii day of may, till saynt Albon even
next suyng, is }?re weekes ]?re dayes. Tho whiche saynt Albon
evyn he went to water wt o]?er iiij Dukes of y Emperowres and
an Erchebyshope w4 hem into ffrawnce to wett of the ffrenssh
kyng whether y 2 and of his counsayle whether ]?ei wolde yolde f. 30™
vp J>e kyng's right ffor]? wyj>; J?e askyng y owre kyng askyd
by assent of the Emperowre and ]?e duke of holonde ; J?e whiche
askyng was semynge to }>e Emperowre and to all his lordys, and
to y duke of holonde, was but ryghtfully askyd; and but }>ey
wolde graunte ]>e kyng's askynge thei not to tary ther, bot to
spede them hom to owre king a^ene in all J?0 haste that he
1 The text is corrupt. Perhaps the last five words of this sente?ice should
be omitted.
2 The words whether J)1 seem to be an error.
126 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
myght at hampton, and theder to bryng owre kyng the answer,
and on y answere euery to kepe hymselfe. And ]?e Emperowre
and his mayne lay y whiles at ]?e castell of ledys to abide y
answere fro }>e seconde day after Mydsomerday, Y was on
a ffryday in y feste of Saynt John and of Paule. And on y
same ffryday y Emperowre removyd towarde y castell of ledys
ayenste the evyn of the day. And on y fest of the com-
memoracion of saynt powle, y is y laste day of joyn, harry owre
kyng removyd from Mortlake towarde hampton.
Henry Barton, meyre A0 iv°.
Robert Witington ) , .
T * n , b Vshriues.
John Coventre j
This yere ];e kyng sayled into Normandy, and londit J>e first
day of August be syde Toucke and toke y toune and y castell.
Sone after vppon owre ladye day y nativitie y kyng wan y
toune of Cane, and sone after y castell also. pe duke of Clarence
besegid y toune of bayue and wan it. And j?e same yere y
kyng many1 other tounes, and castells, and stronge abbeys, long
before y fest of seynt edward in October.
Richard Merlowe, Meyre A° v°.
Harry Rede ) ,
Johes Gedney }shryues*
This yere ]?e generall counsell was endet at constaunce and an
unyte made in holy church, and a pope chosen wich was called
martinus quintus. Also sir John Oldcastell was toke and
dampned at Westmynster, drawen and hanged and brent
galues2. Also y same yere y kyng beseget y towne and castell
of falois3, and gate hem bothe. Also y toune and castell of
Cherburgh were yelde to y duke of Glocester; and after y kyng
gate pounte large4 and many other strengthes, and aboute
lamas y kyng layd sege to rone.
William Seuenokes, meyr. A0 vi°.
Tohn Bryan ) ,
Raufe Barton j S ryues-
This yere vpon seint Wolstan's day y toune and castell of
Rone were yolden to y kyng.
1 the kyng wan many, S. 2 galowes and all, S. s Falaise.
4 Pont de l'Arche.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1416-1421
Ric. Whittington, meyr anno vii.
John Botiller ) ,
Robert Wittinham j S 1yues*
And this yere ]?e kyng come to troyes in champayne, where
he was worthily receyved of all J?e lordes spirituall and temporall.
And on \>° morrow J?e kyng met w4 y quene of ffraunce and
dame Katerine her doughter, and ])e duke of burgeyne, in body
of Y seint peters chirch in troies; and after went thei vp to )>e
auter, and J>er ]?e articles of J>e pees were red and othes made
on either side; and J?311 was ]?e kyng and dame Katerine ensured
togeder. And on J>e morrow after trinyte Sunday, J?1 is to say ]?e
iij day of Juyn, he spoused dame Katerine in J>e seide chirche of
seint peter in troyes. pe kyng was made regent and eyr of
ffraunce.
Wills Cambryg j B"4,1,61-' draP', I An" viij».
^Ijohes Wellys, groc'/ J
This same yere vpon candelmas day by the mornyng the
kyng and the quene come in to Englonde, and londed at Dover.
And the xiiij day of fifeuerell that is to say vpon seynt Valentyne's
day, the kyng com to london; and the xxiiij day of the same
monyth sche whas crouned in Westmynster. Also the same yere
aftyr Estyr the kyng helde his parlement at Westmynster; in the
wiche whas ordeyned that no man aftyr cristmas than next
folowyng schuld put forth ne profer no gold ne payment, but yef
it held the weyght; wherfor ]?e most party of |?e pepill ordeyned
hem balaunces and weightes. And anone aftyr pentecost the
kyng sailed ouer the see to Caleys ; and passid forth in to ffraunce.
This same yere upon estern even after none, that is to say the
xxii day of March the yere of oure lorde M1 cccc and xxj, the
duke of Clarance, with many other lordis, whas slayn beyond the
watyr of lyre in ffraunce. And many other lordys were takyn
presonerys the same tyme. Of the wiche the erll of hontyngdon,
and the erll of Somersett with his brother were principall. Allso
the same yere betwene Cristmas and Candelmasse the toune of
Melayn whas yolden to the kyng ; and all the cheftens with the
soudyours were had to paryssh 1, ffor ther schaped but ffew of
them alyue.
1 ledd to Parys in the croke of the mone they might seyn, H.
128
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Roberd Chichele, Maior A° ix°.
Willellmus Weston ) c, .
Ricardus Goslyn }Sh™es-
This same yere vpon seint Nicholas day in decembre was
henry, the kyng's ffirst begotyn son, born at Wyndsore, whos
godfaderes beth att the font stand herry bysshop of Wynchester,
and John duke of Bedford. And the duches of holond whas
godmoder. And att the confirmacion the Erchebysshop of
Caunterbury, henry Chichele, whas godfader. Also in the monyth
of may, the yere of our lord mccccxxij and of the kyng J?e x yere,
the cite of Mews in Brye, long tyme had beseged, whas yolden
to the kyng. Also the same monyth and yere the quene schipped
at hampton, and sayled ouer the see to the kyng in ffraunce.
Also the same yere the xiij day of August the new wedyr cok
whas sett vpon poulys stepill of london; and on the last day of
the same month of August the x yere the forsayd noble kyng
henry the fifte, ffloure of cristen cheualry, endeth hys lyf at boyes
seynt Vincent besides Parys; on whos soule Jhesu crist have
mercy.
Nomina maiorum et vicecomitum london. tempore Regis
henrici sexti, Pueri non dimidie etatis unius anni.
Anno domini millesimo ccccxxij0.
Willelmus Waldernej Rotetos^y^le }Anno Prima
This same yere vpon a Wednesday the xxj day of Ottober,
the owre betwene vj and vij in the mornyng, dyed kyng Charles
of ffraunce in his hous of seint poule with in the cite of Parys,
and ys buryed at seynt Denys. Also the vij day of Nouembre
this same yere owre kyng henry the fifte noblele whas enteryd
att Westmynster. Allso the first day of March master William
Tayllor prest, whas degratyd of his presthood, and on the
morow he whas brent in Smythfelde for1 his heresy.
Willelmus Crovmer j xhoma/waynford }Ann0 S^0'
This same yere in the monyth of ffeuerer Sir James Steward,
1 for certeyn poyntes of heresye, H.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1421-1425 129
kyng of Scotlond, espoused dame Jone, the duchesse doughter
of Clarance of her ffyrst hosbond the erll of Somersett, at seynt
Marye ovreis. Allso the same yere the xvij day of August
whas the battayll of Vernell in Perche betwene the duke of
Bedforde, regent of ffraunce, and the Armynakes with the
scottes; but thankyd be god the victory ffell to the Englissh
party, ffor there were slayn of oure aduersariis the erll of
bougham, the erll Douglas, the erlle of Almare, the erlle of
Tonnare, the erlle of Vauntedore, and the viscount1 of Narbon
that trayterly slew the duke of Borgoyn knelyng before )>e {- 33"
dolphyn att Monterell, and many mo to the nomber of xm1 and
moo. But the most vengeaunce ffell vpon the Scottes, ffor they
went to schippe wessh of hem the same day2 mo than xvij c of
cote darmes by accountyng of heraudis. So that they my3t
say that in an evyll tyme they kome ther 3.
Johannes Michell{ jXnnfs® Water }Anno "j"'
This same yere the duke of Glowcestre, with his wiff duches
of holand, went ouer the see in to henawe, ffor to take possession
of his wiffes eritage, where he whas worshippfully resseyved and
takyn ffor cheff lord of the lond. But no long tyme aftyr hit
happyd so that he was ffayne to retorne hom ayen, and left his
lady behinde hym, with all the tresor that he browght in to the
toune that men calle Mons de henawde. The wiche was i-swore
to hym to be goode and trew, and to kepe the lady in save
warde tyll he kome ayen. But att the last they thatt were in
the forsayd tovne bekom ffalse, and delyuered the worthie ladye
to the Duke of Borgoyne, and he sent her to Gaunt ther to ben
i-kepte. Butt, as god wolde ffor her, with in a schort tyme sche f. 33™
eschapede thens in a mannys weeds and com in to a tovne of
her owne in Selan 4 that is clepyd Sirex 5; and fro thens in to
holond that is called Trigowell6, where, with help of her ffrendys
1 The scribe wrote erlle of, but erased it.
2 for }>er i went to schep wassh, H.
s J. B I reads Wherefore it may be seid of them the worde of old tyme :
That in the croke of the mone came thei thiderwarde,
And in the wilde wanyng went thei homewarde.
Compare J. B II on p. 75 above, and the similar expression in H. (Nicolas,
p. 122) with reference to the abortive siege of Roxburgh by the Scots in 1436 ;
under the present year H. ends with countynge of herowdes.
4 Zealand. 6 Zierikzee. 8 Ter Gouw or Gouda.
KINGSFORD K
13°
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
that ther were, sche withstode the Duke of Borgoyn and all his
maleyce. Allso the same yere the erll of Salisbury, the erlle of
Suthfolk, the lorde of Willeby, and the lorde Scalys, with her
meyne leyden a seege to the cite of Manns, the wiche cite whas
yolden vn to hem with in schort tyme with many other strong
tovnys and castellys in the nomber of xxxvj.
This same yere, that is to say the morow aftyr the day of
seynt symond and jude, the Maier roode to Westminster, and
toke his charge as the consuetude1 is of the meyers of london.
And the same day at evyn and all the nyjt ffolowyng whas
strong and grete wacche. And the morowe next ffolowyng
moch peple of the cite of london, in savyng and kepyng the
kynges pease, arayed hem in sufficient harneys to stonde be the
Duke of Gloucestre, protector of Englond, and be the Mayer of
f. 34ro london, and in defence of the [cite2] ageyne the Bysshop of
Winchestre and the peple that with him were withholdyn of the
countes of lancastre and Chestre, and of other contrees ; but
thankyd be god ther whas no harme done in nother party. Allso
the same yere John, Duke of Bedforde, made kyng herry the vj,
his godson, kny3t att leycestre vpon a witsonday. And a none
fforth with the fforsayde kyng herry dubbed all the knyghtis,
whos names here ffolowyn, that is to sey: ffirst, the Duke of York,
the sonn and the eyre of the Duke of Norfolk, the erll of
Oxenforde, the erll of Westmerland, the sonn and eyr of
the erll of Northumberlond, the son and eyre of the erll of
Ormond, the lorde Roos, sir James Butler, the lorde Matrevers,
sir herry Grey of tankervyle, Sir William 3, the lorde of Wellis,
the lorde of Berkely, the son and eyre of the lorde Talbot, Sir
Rauf Grey of Werk, sir Roberd Ver, sir Richard de Grey, sir
Edmond de Hongerford, sir Roberd Wyngfeld, sir John Botiler,
f. 34™ sir Raynold Cobham, sir John Passhele, sir Thomas Tunstall,
sir John Chideok, sir Rauff Langford, sir William Drury, sir
William Ap Thomas, sir Richard Carbonell, sir Richard
Willelmus Mildred
Johannes Brockle
| Anno iiij0.
1 custume, H. 2 The MS. is damaged. Citee, J. B II.
3 Tankervyle, Sir William Nevyle lorde of Faucomberge, sir George
Nevyle lorde of Latymer, the lorde of Welles, H.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1425-1428 131
Woodvyle, sir John Shirdelowe, sir Nicholl Blowket, sir Rauff
Radclyff, sir Edmond Trafford, sir William Chayne, sir William
Babyngton, sir John June, sir 1 Beauchamp.
Johannes Raynwellj }Ann0 V°'
This same yere abow^t Shroftyde the Duke of Bedforde with
his lady passid ouer the see to caleys; and a lytell be fore
passid the see allso to caleys herry Bisshop of Wynchestre, and
vpon owre lady day the Anunciacion, anno Domini millesimo iiijc
xxvii, the bysshop of Winchester whas cardinall in seynt mary
chirch of caleys ffull solempnely, where were the same tyme the
duke of Bedford, Regent of ffraunce, and the duchess ; and
beffore or the mass whas begon, wich the bisshop of Wynchestre
schuld do, the Popis cosyn brought the cardinallys hatte and
with grete Reuerence set it vpon his auter. And ther it stood
all the masse tyme, and whan the bysshope hadde don the masse f-
and whas unrevessed2, ther whas don vpon hym an abite in
maner of a ffrerys coope of ffyne scarlett ffurred with puryd.
And than, ther knelyng vpon his knees by fore the high auter,
the popys Bullys were red to hym, and the ffirst bulle whas his
charge, and the seconde Bulle whas that he schuld have an reioyse
all the benefyces spirituell and temporell that he hadde had in
Englond. And whan this whas done the Regent of ffraunce,
Duke of Bedforde, went vp to the high auter, and toke the
cardinallys hatte, and sett it vpon the bysshopis hede of
Wynchester, and bowyd and obeyed to the bysshop, and toke
hym before hym.
Johannes Gedneyj I Anno vj°.
J J ( Henncus nrowyk j J
This same year fro the begynneng of Aprill in to halowmas
whas so grete habundance of reyne, wher thorow not oonly hey
whas destroyid, but allso moche corne, ffor yt reyned almost
euery day.
Herry Barton | Joannes Abbot I Anno vij°.
( Ihomas Dufhous j J
This same yere the third day of Novembre dyede the
1 Sir Gilbert Beauchamp, H.; Sir Robert Beauchamp, J. B II.
2 The MS. is damaged at the head ofi. 35r0 ; J follow H.
K 2
132 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
worshipfull Prynce sir Thomas de Mountagew, erll of Salisbury,
{- 35t> afore orliawnce, thorugh shetyng of a gonne as he lay at the
sege before the forsayd cite; god have mercy on his soule.
furthermore duryng the forsayd sege, att the begynneng of
Lenten next folvvyng, vii m1 of fifrensshmen and mo, with many
Scottes, fTell vpon owre men as they went thederward with
vetayle besides a tovne that is called Yamvyle1, where sir John
Steward and his brother, with mo than viic Scottes that they
were governorys of, lyten a foot and were slayn every modyr
sonne, by Sir John ffastolf, sir Thomas Rampston, and other
capteyns of owre side, the wich hadde not passyng vc fytyng
men with hem at all withoute carteys 2; but Charlys of Borbon
and the bastard of Orlyaunce with all the ffrensshemen, sittyng
on horsse bak and seyng this governaunce, trusshed her pakkes
and went her way3. Also a lytell before Witsontyde next
folowyng whas the forsayde sege y-brokyn vp be the duke of
Launson and his power; and alle owre lordis and capiteyns of
the same sege disparboyled 4, that is to say the erll of Southfolk
and his brother, the lorde Talbot, and the lorde Scalys with
many mo, the wich sone after were takyn everych on at myschef.
ffyrthermore this same yere betwene Estyrn and Witsontyde
f. a ffalse Breton morderyd a wedew in her bedd, the wich fond
hym for almasse withoute Algate in the subbarbis of London,
and bare a wey alle that sche hadde, and aftyrward he toke
socor of Holy Chirche at Seynt Georgis in Suthwerk ; but at
the laste he toke the crosse and forswore this lande5; and as
he wente hys wey where as he hadde i-do this cursed dede6,
women of the same parissh come owte with stonys and canell
dong, ande there made an ende of hym in the hyghe strete, so
that he wente no ferther notwithstondynge the constables and
othere men allso, the wiche had hym undir gouernans to
condite hym forwarde; ffor ther whas a gret manye of them,
and no mercy ne no pity 7. Allso the same yere, the viij day
of Novembre, the duke of Norfolk with many a gentylman,
1 Janville.
2 Chartres, H. 5 trussed them and wente away, H.
4 disparpled, H.; were dyspersed, J. B II. 6 )>e kynges land, H.
6 hys way, it happyd hym to come be J>° same place where he had don
J)1 cursed dede, H.
7 gret companye of them, and hadde no mercy, no pitye, H.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1438-1431
squyer, and yemen, toke his barge att seynt Marye overeyes
bitwene iiij and ffyve of the bell ayenst nyght, and purposid to
passe thorow London Brygge, where the forsayd barge thorow
mysgovernance of steryng ffell upon the pilys and overwhelmyd,
the wiche whas cause of spylleng of many a gentylman and
othere allso, the more Rewth whas 1; but, as god wolde, the
duke hymself and two or thre othere gentylmen seyng that
myschef lepte upon the pilys, and so were saved thorugh helpe of 36vo
them that were abought2 the Brigge, with castyng dovne of roapis.
Wills. Estfeld | TOHilm Russe } Anno viij°'
This same year vpon seynt lenardys day kyng Herry the vite,
not ffully viij yere olde, whas crownyd at Westmynster; att
whos coronacion were i-made xxxv knyghtis; and on seynt
Georgis day next folowyng afore none he passid over the see
to Caleys; and the xxiij day of May, aftyr noon ayenst nyght,
before the toune of Compayng3, ther whas a woman takyn
armed in the feld, with many other capteyns, the wich whas
called PUCELL DE DIEU, a ffalse witche, for thorow her pover the
dolphyn and alle owre adversariis trusted hooly to have con-
queryd ayen all fFraunce, and never to have the worsse 4 in place
that sche hadde ben inne, for they helden here amongest hem as
for a profetes ande a worthi goddesse. And in the same yere
owre gracios kynge to 5 his viage towarde the londe of ffraunce,
and abow}t seynt Georgis day he landyd at Caleys 6. And in
that yere ther whas man drawe and hongid him 7 name whas
John Cole a court man, and the cause whas ffor he sett a Seele
of the kynge the wich hadde ben a patent more than a yere,
and he set it vpon a new patent.
Nicholas Wotton j }Anno ix». f.
This same yere the dominical letter went be A, and the prime
myght be vj. And in the yere folowyng on seynt Georgis day in
1 and othere the more ruthe was, H. 2 weren above, H.
3 i. e. Compi£gne. 4 to an had )>e wers, H. 5 Read tok.
6 The copyist has put his pen through this sentence.
7 Apparently whose has been omitted by the copyist, or him written
in error.
134
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
lent ther whas a prest of thaksted, that whas vicory some tyme,
whas brent in Smythfelde, and in that yere the date of owre
lorde whas a0 M1 ccccxxxj0. And in that yere betwene estyr
and witsontyde the lorde of Gloucestre hadde wetyng that at
Abyngdon was gadered a meyne of Risers ayenst men of holy
chirch prestes, ffor they seyde they wolde have iij prestys
hedys ffor a peny. And the name of her chefteyn whas Jak
scharpl. And than a litell before Witsonday the lorde of
Gloucestre and his meyne redyn to Abyngdon ; and ther whas
takyn jak scharp, and other men, and they were found defettyff
and ther they were done to deth; and on the ffryday in witson
weke jak sharp 2 his hede whas brought to london and whas sett
on the brygge, all the other meyne were don to deth in
Abyngdon. And in the same yere in the passion weke the
presonerys of ludgate were led to newgate and to the counterys,
and ther they were tyll vij dayes tofore midsomer day, and than
alle the ffreemen in the covnterys and in newgate were boode by
the sherves that they schuld goo to ludgate ; and the maister of
the seyde gayole Herry Dene Tayllour, his leftenant Richarde
havyr and his Porter Ric. Clye. In the same yere the xiij day
of July, ande that whas on the translacion of Seynt Mildred,
Russell, a Wollman, whas drawen and hongid, his hede smytten
of and his body quartered ffor diuerse causis and suggestions
that were putt vpon him ; whos soule Almyghtie Jhesu fforyeve,
and hym to the blysse. Amen !
In the same yere oure lege lorde the kynge whas crouned
kynge of ffraunce at Parys. And that tyme the dominicall
letter went be ff, and the prime be viij. And in that yere whas
lepe yere, and the dominicall letter G. And the date of oure
lorde M1 ccccxxxij, and in the same yere owre kyng kom ow3t of
ffraunce to Calys. And aftyr the fest of candelmas he kom ouer
the see and so to london, and the craftes roode ayenst him in
white gounys embroudered euery craft with diuerse poyses.
1 The copyist wrote strawe, but this has been erased and scharp written
above.
2 Here again the copyist wrote strawe.
t u 1*7- n ( Stephanus
Johannes Wellysj wijYeImus
Brovn
Atherle
| Anno x°.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1431-1433 135
And the xij day of May began the parlement att Westmynster.
And in his tyme betwene mighelmasse and cristemas whete whas
at xiijd. a busshell, and wyne i-now for iiijd.
Pur le Roy. Ordynaunces. f- 38™
[There then follow—ff. 38ro-48vo—Lydgate's verses on the
entry of Henry VI into London, see pages 97-116 above.]
Johannes Perneys, j Johannes Olney ) Annr. Y;o
maior j Johannes Padesley j ^
And that same yere began the generall counsell at Basill of
all cristen londes, and theder kam the pragans, thei of prage ;
and on master Pers a clerk, that whas of Englond, and whas f. 48™
Renagate, and another heretyk cam theder with hem. And
there were many articles and poyntes of the ffeith determyned
and spokyn of; and so they departyd withowten eny lettyng.
And the case whas for thei of prage had worthi clerkis of owre
feith in plege for hem of Prage for to goo sauf and com sauf.
And ellis they hadden goo to the fire, as men supposed that
were ther. And that same yere beforne the fest of all halowen
died the Duches of Bedford at paris; sche is buryed in the
Celestins at paris. And than the Duke of Bedford aftyr her deth
he cam dovne to Roon; and ther he toke his leve, ande went in
to Englond ward by Caleys. And there the Duke helde his
cristmas. And so the Regent playd hym a bought in Pykardy
tyll it whas esteryn. And a none aftyr estern the counsell of
Englond whas holden at caleys. And ther the Duke of Bedford
lett don vnto the deth certayn personys of the tovne, and som
he did banesche the tovne of the sowdioures of j?e tovne. And
the same yere the duchesse of Bedford was worthly entered att
poulys in london; and the xxij day of Aprill the Duke of
Bedford, Regent off ffraunce, whas weddyd vnto the erll dowter
of seynt poule in the tovne of Tirwen1; and that same yere the
kynge held his parlement att Westmynster, and that began the
viij day of Jule, and contynewed so fforth vnto vnto2 lamasse, f. 49""°
and it whas eniorned vnto seynt Edwardes day next folowyng.
1 Therouanne.
2 The copyist repeats at the top of f. 49ro the last word on f. 48™.
i3<5 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Vnto the wich parlement com the Duke of Bedford, Regent off
ffraunce. And on seynt Johannis eve the Baptiste he kam vnto
london, and whas ther worthly resseyved of the meier and of
the cite of london. And that same yere the erll of hontyndon
went in to the reame of ffraunce with c speris and vii c bowys.
And he did many jornayes and whan many smale placys in
gattinas,vp toward Montarges; and rescewyd Montarges, the wich
whas besegid by the Arminakes. And than he cam dovne in to
Normandy ayen, ande kom home in to Englond the same yere.
And the same yere in the monyth of Ottobre apperid the stella
commata in the south west.
Johannes Brokley| j^^nes^yng°n |-Anno xij°-
And that same yere the xx day of Nouembre whas the en-
terment of the Erll of seynt poule holdyn worthly at poulys in
london. And the same yere all the cristmas tyme the erll of
Arondell had leyd siege vnto a full fayre place callid Seynt
Selerin, and whan ther with Cely Gillam1 with a composicion,
and the abbey of Ses, and many other placys in Normandy and
in mayn. And y x day of marche the lorde Talbot went in to
ffraunce with an viijc men of werre, and went and leyd sege vnto
a full riall tovne and with a full ryall castell, the wich tovne is
Crail-Sur-Oyse, and wan it with a composicion, and ther whas
maddok la hire capteyn therof with vic men of armys with him ;
at the se[ge] the seyd maddok whas slayn with an arowe ; and
sone aftyr the tovne whas sett vpon a day of Rescevys; but yef
to were that they were reskevyd be a certeyn day, they for to
yold vp the tovne, and thus it whas won. And than whas the
tovne of crepy in Valeis with the castell whas2 wonne by assaute
of the Erll of Arondell, and than the lorde Talbot wan pont
seynt messans and Bemond-sus-oyse3 and many other placys.
And all this tyme weren 4 chorlys of Normandy weren wepond,
and born harnes. And than the same yere dyed the bisshop
of Rouchester att the counsell of Basill. And that same yere
1 Saint CtHerin, now Saint Ceneri, Departement Orne, and Sill^-le-Guil-
laume, Dipartement Sarthe.
2 The copyist repeats whas unnecessarily.
s Pont-Saint-Maxence and Beaumont-sur-Oise.
1 weren has been lightly erased, perhaps by some later hand.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1433~H35 *37
the regent cam ow^t of Englond in to ffraunce with vic men with
him ; and so he cam vnto Rooen and put his men into garnisons;
and anon aftyr whas Venables taken and brought vnto my lorde
the regent; and he whas jugged be the duke of bedford that he
schulde be hangid, draw, and quarteryd, and behedid ; ffor he
made a riseng in the lond of Normandy of the comens ayenst
the kyng and the lordys, my lorde beyng that tyme in parys.
t> 1 j ^,,1 ( Thomas Bernwell ) A ...0
Roberd Ottley j Sim0n,d Eyre jAnno xnj°.
In this same yere began a grete frost that began on Seynt f.
Andrewys day and duryd vnto seynt Valentyn, and grete snowe
with all, that grete multitude of Byrdes and fowlys dyed ffor
honger. And in that same grete wynter the comens of
Normandy all abought cane, what in besyn, and in the valey of
Mortem, roos vp all att onys, and leyd sege vnto the tovne and
castell of cane vnto the nombre of x m1 curll with many jentell
of the same contre. And in the tovne beyng that tyme Sir
Richard of haryngton capteyn of the tovne and castell. And
Sir John ffastolff, that tyme beyng in the tovne of alenson, herd
how that the sege whas leyd vnto the tovne of cane, he hied him
theder with vixx men; and ffell vpon her wacche by nyght and
slew many of hem, and cam into the tovne and so rescevyd the
tovne. In the mene tyme the erll of Arondell, the lorde Talbot
with many knyghtes and squyers to the nomber of iiij m1, cam
theder, for the duke of lanson whas in that marches and seyd
that he wolde have fou}t. And whan the Engelissh lordys were
come theder he ffled away befor ther kommyng ; and yet the
duke had a x m1 men with him, and the Englisshe lordes were
not ffully of iiijc 1 men. And then the erll of Arondell sett
gouernance in that contre and tokyn all wepyn from hem, and
weren sworne ayen vnto the kyng, and haddyn new byllettes
euery man. And ther were a iiij knyghtes of Y contre-syde f.
went fforth with the duke of lanson, and ther landes weryn gevyn
awey to Englissh kny3tes. And that same yere whas the
grete counsaill holdyn at Aras. And [the]2 iiij day of May
the erll of Arondell with a [fayre] 2 maine went before Garboray
1 This seems to be an error for iiij m1.
2 The MS. is much worn here.
i38
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
in bevoissins 1 for [to lay] 2 sege vnto the seyd tovne ; for poton
and [la hire] 2 had fortefied vp the sayd place and weryn thenn
with a vi m1 men. And the erlis men went abow3t and sawtyd
the placys ffast by. And so the erle whas left with a fewe
meyne; and poton and la hire sawgh how that the erlles meyne
weren all from him but a fewe vn to the nomber of iijc, and they
weren wery of rideng of all the nyght, and the footmen weryn
not yet i-kom vn to them. And than poton and la hire fell
vpon Sir Raulyn of Standyssh, as they weren at the bulwerk
with xl men of armys before the yate of Garbery ; and so
potton and la hire with all her meyne com owte at onys owte
of the towne on horsebak with vic men, and so the erll whas hurt
with a gon thorow the ancle, and whas takyn presoner, and
Sir Richard Wodevyle and so many moo with hem the nombre
of vixx presoneres, and ij° weryn slayn with Sir Raulyn of
Standyssh. And son vpon the erll of Arondell died in the
tovne of bevois3. And the same tyme a none aftyr whas the
tovne and the abbey of Seynt Denys in fifraunce whas lost.
And a none aftyr the lorde of Willeby, with . . .4 c speris and
the bowys, com ow^t of Englond in to ffraunce ; and so the
lord talbot, and the lord Willeby, and the lord scalys, the lorde
lilleadam, and the bastard of seynt poule with a vi m1 men
leiden sege vn to seynt Denys to the nomber of5 in ffraunce; and
the sege continewed well iij monythes ffor ther whas a grete
multitude of peple in the tovne of seynt Denys to the nombre
of iij m1 men of werre, and duryng the sege the place of Pount
Melant6 whas lost be treson ; and elles the tovne of seynt Denys
be yolden euery moderson vn to the lordys above sayd presoneres,
and for to have yold vp therwith mylen-sus-sayn7 and mo other
placys, had not the sory doghole of Pount melank have ben;
ffor that place did moch harm vnto Normandy. And that same
yere whas the grete counsell at Aras of all cristen naciones ffor
to trete for the peas, Betwene these two Reames of Englond
and of ffraunce; ther beyng thre cardinall, the cardinall of
Englond and off ffraunce herry Beauford, vncle to the kyng, the
1 Gerberoy in the Beauvoisin.
2 The MS. is much worn here.
3 Beauvais. 4 The MS. is worn and illegible.
5 These words are marked for erasion.
6 Meulan. 7 Melun.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1435 139
cardinall of Seint Croisse, and the cardinall of Siprys, and many-
other lordis both spirituell and temporell of the ffrenche party,
and the duke of Borgoyn; and ther he ffalsyd his ffeith ayenst
the kyng of Englond and of ffraunce. And of the party of
Englond with the sayd cardinall, the erll of hontyngdon, the erll
of Southfolk, with many lordys both spirituell and temporell;
and thei brought with hem the duke of Orlianx oute of Englond,
and whas at Caleys ffor to trete as for his party. And ther
vpon the ffrenche party had cast a trayn with grete treson ffor
to have betrayed the cardinall with the sayd lordis ; and therfore
the sayd Englissh party wold no ffurther procede, but cam home
ayen in to Englond, and the duke of Orliaunce with them.
And so the duke of Borgoyn a none aftyr made werre ayenst
the kyng of Englond and off ffraunce &c. And y same yere
the xiiij day of Septembre died the good duke of Bedford, regent
of ffraunce, in the castell of Roon betwene ij and iij in the
mornyng. And his body is worthili entered in Notre Dame's
chirch in Rooen at the north side of the hihauter, vpon whos
soule god have mercy. And a none aftyr his deth the tovne of
depe whas lost be treson of the burges of the tovne. And this
whas in the monyth of Octobre. And that same yere the kyng
lett ordeyne a parlement at Westmynster, and that contynued
ffrom mihelmas vnto cristmas even next folowyng; and that
parlement whas ordeyned for the gouernance of ffraunce.
tt rr , ( Thomas Catworth ) A
He"y ffrowyk j | Anno xmj".
And this same yere, on seint Thomas day afore cristmas, the
comons of Caleys1 be exitacion of the Duke of Borgoyne rebelled
ayenst the kyng of Englond and of ffraunce, and Potton whas i
with hem with a ij m1 men of werre. They went to havyn wonne
the abbey of ffescham 2, and than on cristmas even they won
valamond 3, and leyd sege vnto harflewe, and 3af ther to many
a strong saw3t, and on seint Johannis day in cristmas weke they
wan the tovne of harflewe with a saught, for they weryn mo than
x m1 men, and ther whas not within the tovne of harflew but
a iiij" men good and bad. And than thei wan Tankervile, and
1 This is an error of the copyist for Caux. 2 Fdcamp.
3 Valmont.
140
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
lilbon, and many other castell nere hand all to calixl. And the
iiij day of Janyuer the lorde Talbot, and the lorde Scalys, and
Sir Thomas Kerryell, and Sir Thomas Hoo went to Caux with
ij m1 men, and roode in to the contre and brent and slew all that
myght be takyn of the contre vn to the nomber of viijc in the
tovne of lilbon, and brent the tovne; and this whas the vij day
of Janyuer. And the x day they made another jornay to Caux
another wey, toke and slew vn to a m1 of hem of Caux, and
brent many a riall markett tovnes. And euer more all the bestis
they brought before them vn to Caux, and ther thei solde a
schepe for the valew of a peny and a kow for xij d. And thus
all the contre of Caux whas destroyed both of men and of bestis,
and of all her goodis. And so the lordis kept the ffeld ffor
dow^t of treson and put a good garyson in to the tovne of Rooen,
and Richard Curson, squier, lieutenaunt of the tovne of Rooen
vnder the lord Talbot. And anone aftyr on candelmas day the
lorde Scalis hadde a full fayre distresse at a place iiij leges ow3t
of Rooen, callyd the Rys, where whas distressed la hire with all
his ffelawshippe vnto the nomber xvc men; and the lorde Scalys
whas not passing iiijc men. And that same distresse whas takyn
all lahire horsses, a vij corserys, and all his pagis, ande of worthie
presonerys Sir Richar Reynolde de ffountanys, Alain Geremin
bailie of Savilis, lynovs de lencrepe,. Alardyn de Mousay, presoner
of xx m1 salys to the lorde Scalys, and the captan of the Scotts,
Gefifery la hire, the Bastard of Seint Terre, and the Bastard of
Seint Basile, and the bastard Dawne, the wiche whas a traytor
and whas juged to be drawe, hangid, and quartered, and behedid;
and so he whas at the tovne of Roon. And ther whas many
take of them and many slayne, and lahire himself fled w* a grete
meyne. And so the lorde Scalis cam into Rooen with all his
presonerys. And that meyne hadde cast hem to have had the
tovne of Rooen at that tyme; for it whas sold vnto lahire, for he
whas chef of that ffelawshippe. And in that same monyth ther
com ow3t of Englond in to Normandy Sir herry Norbery,
knyght, and belknap and wessenes, squyers, with iiij0 men of
werre; and thei were put into Rooen for to strenght the tovne
of Rooen, fifor ther whas so moch treson walkyng that men wist
1 Another error for Caux.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1436
141
not what to do. And within the xij day1 sayd tovne. And f. 53ro
than the lorde Talbot with the lorde Scalys cam theder with
xviijc men and resceved J>e seyd tovne ; and ther were slayn
vn to a iiijc men and moo. And poton and lahire ffled vnto
bovys 2. And y tovne of Gesors whas rescevyd at that tyme
and the J?e 3 castell both, and ther whas moch good gotyn therin.
And the lond whas at that tyme full of treson aftyr the deth of
the Duke of bedford and regent of ffraunce. And that same
yere the cite of london sent soudioures vnto Caleys, for to strenght
ihe tovne vn to the kyng hadde ordeyned otherwise for the
tovne ; ffor it whas seyd that the Duke of borgoyn wold ley sege
vnto the seyd tovne of Caleys. And at the parlement of beforn
whas ordeyned for the Reame of ffraunce. And so the duke
of York whas sent in to ffraunce with an viijm14 men with him,
and he hadde with him the erll of Salisbury, and the erll of
Suthfolk, the lorde ffaconbryg, and many worthi knyghtes and
squyers. And whan that the Duke of York whas landid at
humflewe 5 with all his ost, the erll of Salisbury leyd sege vnto
a castell callid Schambroys 6, and whas won with a composicion.
And than the Duke com in to the tovne of Rooen, and ther he
lay vnto mielmas7, and than he leyd sege vnto the abbey of
ffescham, and whan it; and did no more in all his tyme&c. And
sone vpon the erll of Mortayn went into the tovne of Caleys,
and the lorde Camuse8. And ther he whas besegid by the
Duke of Borgoyn. Ande ther whas a grete multitude of peple £ 53™
with him to the nomber of xl m1 men with a riall ordinaunce
of gones ande of engines, and of schott of grete crosse-bowys.
And ther he made strong Bulwerkes and Bastiles rounde abowte
the tovne &c. Ande on Marie Mavdeleyns day the kyng helde
his counsell in Caunterbury with his lordis. Ande the xii day
of Jull the Erll of Morten and the lorde Camys went ow3t of
Caleys with a goodly meyne, and whan the bastell manfully;
ande ther whas slayn therin iiij° iiijxx and viij men of armys, and
than it whas sett on fire; and the duke of Borgoyn fledde ffrom
thens vnto Picardy varde couardly, and lefift the grettest party
1 The copyist has clearly omitted something here, when beginning a new
leaf. The town is Gisors.
* Beauvais. 3 The is repeated in error.
4 The copyist had first written viiic. 5 Honfleur. 6 Chambrois.
T Michaelmas. 8 Camoys.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
of his stuff behind him for hast, ande for fere of the Duke of
Gloucestre; for ther whas left many a grete gonne, ande moch
ordinaunce, with moche vetaill, fflesh, ffloure and wyne, ande-
barell with bere a grete multitude. And the xxvij day of Jule
the duke of Gloucestre with all the sustaunce of lordys of this
lande schipped at Sandewiche and at Douer with a x m11; ffor
euery cite, tovne and Borow ffounde certayn men with her
leuerays of J>e osages2 of the tovne, and so did abbayes, prioris
thorow all Englond. And whan they were landyd att Caleys,
the lordis helde ther a counsell ffryday and Satterday and Sonday;
and on the Monday thei toke ther journay in to fflaundrys ward,
f- 54™ and did moche harme in the contrey of fflaunderis' ffor thei brent
J>6 tovne of popering 3, and many moo good tovnys and stately
villagis. And so thei were in that contre till Y they myght
have no vetaill for the ost. And the contre whas appatesed vn
to the lordis, wher fore they cam sone home ayen within a vj
wekisday vnto Caleys withowte eny lettyng of eny man.
r t M. , „ ( Thomas Morested ) A te
Johannes Michelli n,.n , ^ > Anno xvte.
J ( Willelmus Gregory j
And that same yere, the iij day of Januer, died quene kateryn
at Bermonsey, and the ix day of ffebrer sche whas brought thorow
london vnto Westmynster, and is entered at Westm'. in owre
lady chapell within the abbey. And the same yere the kyng
ordeyned his parlement to be holde at Westm', the wich began
the xxj day of Janyuer. And to that parlement com ow3t off
ffraunce the chaunceler off ffraunce, and ther the kyng yaf
vnto him the Bysshopriche of Ely. And to the seyd parlement
com the counsell of the party of Armynak ffor to trete ffor the
pees &c. And that same yere the towre of london Brigge ffell
a dovne into Tamys, with ij archis worderfully 4; and no man
perisshed, thankyd be god. And the same yere was the kyng
of Scottes slayne traytorly with his ovne men, and in his ovne
land, by a Squyer and his two sonnes that hete Roberd Grame;
the wiche weren takyn a none aftyr and paynfully don to the
deth as well, and moch more worthi for to do any prince to the
1 with xl m1 men of alle the contreys of Ingelond, G. 2 bagys, G.
3 brent Poperyng and Belle, ij goode townys, and many moo othyr
vylagys in Flaunders and in Pycardye; and soo he come home ayenne
to Calys whythe owte any lettynge of any person, thonkyd be god, G.
* wonderfully, G.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1436, 1437 J43
deth. And that same yere died quene jane at haueryng of the
bowre1 In Essex in the monyth of Jule. And sche is bury at f. 54"
Canterbury by her lorde kyng herre the iiijte. And in that yere
the kyng put dovne the Meire of Norwich, and toke all his
fifraunches fro them in to his ovne hand. And John Wellys whas
maden be the kyng custos or wardeyn of Norwich, the wiche
whas an alderman of london; and certeyn aldermen were devyded
into other placys, some to lynne and some to Canterbury2. And
that same yere at lammas went the chanceler of ffraunce in to
Normandy, and the lorde of Willeby with an c. sperys and the
bowys therto. And that same yere the lorde Talbot leyd sege
vnto the castell of Tankervyle in Caux standyng vpon Sayn
bank, wich sege lasted well a iiij monythes. The wiche whas
yolden vnto the sayd lord Talbot. And whan that the sege
whas leyd, the dolphyn of ffraunce with all his lordys leyd sege
vnto a riall tovne that whas callyd Motrewe-in-fort-Jon 3. And
the captayn therof whas named Thomas Gerard. And so that
sege contynued well a quarter of a yere, and whas won with
a sawte; and than he with drowe him with all his meyne vnto
the castell, in the wiche he made his composisscion to have all
his men and goodis sauffe vnto Rooen. And with a good
savfcondite of the dolphyn; and the sayd Thomas Gerarde
had good chere of the dolphyn, because that he whas the
first Englisshman that euyr he beseged. And so he cam dovne
vnto Rooen with all his bagage and men sauff and sound, f- 55™
And the duke of York that tyme beyng in the tovn of Rooen,
and wold have rescevyd the sayd tovne of mustrew, but his
counsell wold not counsell him therto, cause whi that the kyng
had sent him his discharge of his leuftenauntship of ffraunce, and
the Erll of Warwyk made leuftenaunt of fraunce in his stede. And
ther fore whas not the tovne of mustrewe rescewyd, but lost &c.
And all this mene tyme whas the Erll of Warwyk abydyng wynde
and weder att the see side with all his ost more than xj wekis &c.
Willelmus Estfeld j ^^epi,US ^.a^s I Anno xvj.
( John Champinan J J
And this same yere the vj day of Nouembre the erll of
1 Havering-atte-Bower.
2 A later hand, perhaps of the seventeenth century, has written in the
margin John Wells warden of Norwiche. 3 Montereau-faut-Yonne.
144
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Warwyk passid the see in to Normandy warde, with a m1 men
of werre for to kepe the duche of Normandy, wiche hadde moch
tribulacion vpon the see or that he myght pass the see, for he
whas vij tymes schipped or evyr he myght passe in to Normandy;
and att the last he londid at the tovne of humflewe1 the viij day
of Nouembre with all his men, and from thense he roode fforth
to Rooen. Ther beyng the Duke of York cam in to Englond
with all his men. And in this mene tyme the duke of Borgoyn
had besegid the castell of Crotey in pycardy with a m1 men, and
grete ordenaunce} of gonnes, the wich myght not be rescevyd
f- 55to by hem of Englond and2 soo schort tyme. Wherfore the Erll
of Warwyk made ordenaunce} be the counsell beth3 for to
rescewe the sayd place of Crotey; and sent theder the lord
Talbot, the lord ffacombryg, Sir Thomas Keryell, Sir John
Mongomery, and many other knyghtes and squyeris and good
yemen to the nomber of vij m1 men, and passed the reuer of
Somme beside the tovne of Seint Wallery, for the passage of the
bank takke4 the duke of Borgoyn hadde leyd gonnes a longe
the Riuer side to kepe the Englisshmen that thei schulde not
passe. And at that, theras the lord Talbot passid, whas ther not
passing a vi men perisshed in the watyr vp to the chynne. And
whan that he whas passed the duke ffled vnto Abvile. And the
lordys that weryn ther of his party with him ffled echon ; a v. c.
men that weryn lefft in a bastyll, the wiche were take and slayn
euery moder sonne. Allso the lorde Talbot rescevid that castell
of Crotey, and rode forth in to Pycardy, and sent word vnto the
Duke of Borgoyn that he schuld kom and fy^t with hem, or ellis he
wolde bren all his lond. And so he did moch harme of fire, and
brent many a stately village, but natwithstandyng the Duke wolde
nat com for to fify^te. But stale ow3t of Abvile be nyght, and
went vnto Amyas fifor the more suer tovne. And so the lorde
Talbot whas with in the contre5 of Picardy well a xx dayes or
f. 56ro more. And Sir Thomas Keryell had won the Dukys cariage,
and brow3t it with him in to Normandy. And thei that weryn
within the sayd castell of Crotey had moch vetayll, i-now to
ffynd vie men withall a quarter of a yere and more, of that the
1 Honfleur.
2 Read in as written in the MS. by a late hand.
3 An error markedfor omission.
6 The copyist had written tovne, but corrected it.
4 Blanche Taque.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1437-1439 145
duke had left behynd him whan that he ffled ffrom the sege of
Crotey. And that same yere the kyng sent in to ffraunce, in the
monyth of May, the Erll of Morten with iiijc sperys and the
bowys therto; the wich schipped at poole and landyd at
Chirburgh in Constantyn1. And ther he did but lytell good.
And than he leyd sege vnto a castell in Mayn callid Saint
Anyan 2. And ther were ther inne a iijc Scottes. And ther he
whan that place. And than from thense he went and leyd sege
vn to a nother castell ij leges ow}t of Seint Jelyan Dew Maunte3
called Allegerache4. And that place whas sone lost ayen by
misgovernance. And than sone aftyr the lord Camys whas
takyn prisoner afore seynt Jelyan Dew Maunte thorow mys-
gouernaunce. And that same yere whas harflett kept with viij
Englissh schippes, the wiche were i-takyn and lost euery schipp;
ffor ther cam vpon hem a xlij schippes with a iij m1 men of
werre, and beyng5 the standard of Seynt Jorge in the topcastell
lyke Englissh schippes, where thorow that oure schippes were
lost thorow treson. And this whas done in the last ende of
August. And y same yere whas a full dere yere of corn, ffor
whete whas worth xx d. a busshell &c.
Stephen Broun j go^ Dyke° } ^nno xv^j°-
And in that same yere, abowte the fifest of Seint Kateryn vpon
a Sonday at aftyr none, ther ffell a grete wynde that dyd a moch
harme in many placys; for in london it bere and rent awey mekyll
of leede on the Gray ffreres in london. And allso it blew almost
dovne the ton side of the old Chonge, of the wiche it whas
vndersette, all howsyng with grete long trees, that nether horss
ne cart myght passe thorow the strete. And that yere a none
aftyr cristmas the counsell began first at Eltham, and than it
remeved to Schene, and fifro J?ens vn to mortlake, and fro thense
to Seynt James beside Westmynster. And ther it whas knytt vp
that the Erlle of hontyngdon schull go in to Gascoyn with xxiiij0
men, that is to sey iiijc sperys and ij m1 bowys. And he schipped
at Plimmowth in the latter end of Jull with his Oste, and had
a full fayre passage. And that same tyme ther lay at Winchelse
1 Cotentin. 2 Saint Aignan-sur-Roe.
3 Saint Julien de Vouvantes. 4 La Guerche. 5 Read beryng.
KINGSFORD L
146
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Sir Richard Woodvil, Sir William Chamberleyn, Sir William
Peytoo, Sir Richard Story; all these kny3tes had with hem
a m1 men of werre, and landyd at hunflewe in Normandy. And
that same yere at Schroft-tyde the duke of Norfolk and Sir
Richard Woodvyll justed in the Tovre of london, and ther were
grete justis ij dayes togeder of other squyers also. And that
?/ro same yere whas a right dere yere of corn of all maner corne
thorow all Englond ; ffor whete whas worth xl d. a busshell in the
most party of Englond, and malt whas sold for xiij s. and xiiij s.
the quarter, and otis after viij d. a busshell; and men ete moo
benys, and pesyn, and barly that yere than euer whas etyn in
Englond a c wynter beborn1. And in that same yere whas
William Estfeld, mercer and alderman of london, made knyght.
Allso in this same yere com the Erll of Somersett ow3t of prison
owte of ffraunce in to Englond. And the same yere the Cardinall
went to Caleys to mete with the duches of Borgoyn and all the
counsell of fflaunderis2, and com ayen sauf. And afifter com
certeyn embassitoures ow3t of ffraunce with a yeman of the
crovne vnder sauff condite. And than went the Cardinall, the
Erchebysshop of York, the Duke of Norfolke, the Duke of
Orliaunce, the Erll of Stafford, the Erll of Oxenford, and many
other over ayen to Caleys ; and mett with the counsell off ffraunce,
off Spayne, of fflaunderys, off Armynak, and of Breton to entrete
for a pees betvvene hem and vs. But they myght not accorde.
And in that same yere all the strumpetys that myght be take
in london were made to were ray hoodes and to bere a white
rood in her hondys. And rede wyne whas sold ffor x d. a galon,
and xij d., and gret salt ffor xiiij d. a busshell &c.
■o u j t f Roberd Marchall ) »
Roberd Large j pheljp Ma]pas j Anno xvnj".
f. 57™ In this yere began the parlement at Westmynster; it began
at Michelmas and lastyd to Cristmas, and eniourned tyll aftyr
the fest, and so assigned to redyng; and so it lastyd there
tyll Schroftyde, and ther ended. And at the wiche parlement
whas ordeyned that all marchandise straungeris schuld goo to
Ost with Englisshmen, within two dayes aftyr they be com to
1 Read beforn.
2 The copyist first wrote ffraunce, but marked itfor omission.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1439-1441
*47
london ; in what party of the lond so euer he bee to sell her
marchandise and by ayen with in viij monythes after the comyng,
and goo ayen with in the seyd termys; and in case that eny of
his marchandise leve vnsolde at her partyng, thei to have it with
hem with owten eny costom payeng; and the goodis that thei
bye and sell schall yeve to her Ostis for euery xx s. worth ii d.
excepte the Esterlynges. Allso at the same parlement it whas
ordeyned that the kynges vitall schuld be payd for, and the cite
of Caleys be made ayen. And the see to be kepte with the v
portys of Englond ; and that euery houshold of duche pepill
schall pay to the kyng be yere xvj d., and euery servaunt of hem
shall pay vid. be yere. And in that yere com pardon into
Englond ffor the pope of Rome, vnder his letter and sell of leede,
of as moch pouer as he hath to euery prest, to assoile euery
cristen man that gevith a part of his good to the sustentacon of
the popis warris in strenghyng of the cristen feith. Allso in that
yere whas hangid beside seynt Kateryns in ]?0 Tempse, vpon f. 58™
a pare galows be cheynes, two men that had robbid a vitteler
of fflanderis, and kutt the mennes throttes, and Bulged the
shipp and drowned hem therinne. Allso in that yere whas
cryed pees betwixt Englond, and Selond, holond, and ffreslond
perpetuell. Allso in this same yere whas a man drawyn, and
hangid, and hedid, and quartered, and sett vp at diuerse placis; for
he toke vp bestis and all maner of vetayll in the contre in the
kynges name, and whas but a thef, and so robbid the contre with
treson. Allso in that yere whas Sir Richard Wiche, wich whas
som tyme vecory of Depford, whas takyn, and a nother secular
man with him ffor heretykes, and were dampned. And the sayd
Sir Richard whas disgrated, and after thei were both brent on
the fryday be the morne at vj of the clok, the viij day afore
mydsomerday, at J>e Tourhill; ffor the wich Sir Richard whas
made grete mone among the comyn peple. And grete wacche
whas made ffor the offeryng that the pepill did ther for him in
all the wardys of the cite of london.
t u -n ii- 1 f William Whiteuall ) A • 0
John Paddisley j jQjin gutton j-Anno xix°.
In this same yere1 went the duke of York in to Normandy,
1 A later, but apparently fifteenth-century, hand has written above xvj day
of May a0 1441.
L 2
148
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
with the erll of Oxenford, the erlle of Ewe, Sir Richard Woodvyl,
58™ Sir Jamys of Ormond, the lord Clynton, and many other gentyles
with a fayre retenewe of peple, and whas made Regent of ffraunce
for v yere; and he schipped at portysmowthl. In the same
yere the morne aftyr the day of seynt kateryn whas a chaleng in
armys made and provyd to fore the kyng within listes2 in
Smythfelde, betwene Sir Richard Wodvyle knyght of Englond
and a knyght of Spayne ; wich knyght for 3 his lady love schuld
fey3t in certayn poyntes of armys, that is to say with axe swerd
and dagger. And or they had don with pollax the kyng cryed
hoo. Allso more ouer in this same yere whas a fy3t at the
totehill betwixte two thefes a pellar and a defendaunt. And the
pellar had the ffelde and victory of the defendaunt within thre
strokys. And in this yere whas the Duke of Orlyaunce delyuered
out of prison, and sworn to the kyng and other certayn lordys
that tho were ther present4, that he schuld neuer bere armys
ayenst the crovne of Englond and allso that he schuld trete for
pese betwene both remes Englond and ffraunce; and elles he to
kome ayen into Englond, and yeld him to the kynges grace.
And in that yere whas wyne, wete, and salt grete chepe in the
partyes of Englond. Allso in this same yere the duches of
Gloucestre whas arestyd, and put in hold5; ffor sche whas suspecte
of treson. And a clerk that whas longyng to her, wich whas
clepyd Roger, wich whas take for sorcery ayenst the kyng6; and
f. 59»> he whas put in the toure of london, and aftyr he whas brought
into poulys, and ther he stood vp an hih on a scaffold ayenst
poulys crosse on a sonday, and ther he whas arrayed7 in his
garmentes, and ther whas hangyd round abow^t him all his
instrumentes, wiche were take with him, and so schewed8 all the
pepill. And after he whas brought to forn the lordis, and ther
he whas examined, and aftyr brought to the yeld-hall; and ther
he whas regned afore the lordys of the kynges counsell and to
ffore all the Jugis of this lond. And a none aftyr the lady of
Gloucester afornseyd whas made apere thre sondery dayes afore
the kyng, and all his lordis spirituell and temporell. And ther
1 in Hamptonshire, H. 2 lystes mad in, H.
3 After for the copyist first wrote owre, but erased it.
4 that that tyme were ther present, H. 5 put in Holt, H.
6 for werchynge of sorcery, H.
7 arrayed like as he schulde never the, H. 8 shevvyd among, H.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1441, 144a
sche whas examined of diuerse poyntes of wicche craft, of the
wiche sche knowlaged that sche had vsed thorow the counsell of
the wicche of Eye, the wich wicche was brent on the even of
Simond and Jude in Smythfeld.
r> u a rt I Willelmus Combye ) I4411
RoberdCloptonj R.chardR.che |Anno xx».
In this tyme2 the lady of Gloucester had confessid her wich-
craft, as it is afore sayd; sche whas joyned be all the spirituell
assent to Penaunce to com to london fifro Westmynster on the
monday nexte sewyng, and londid at the Temple bryge oute of
her barge; and ther sche toke3 a taper of wax of ij Iti. in her f. 59™
hand, and went so thorow fflet strete on her feete and hoodeles vn
to Poulys; and ther sche offeryd vp her taper at the high auter.
And on the Wednesday next sewyng sche kom from West¬
mynster be barge in to the Swan in Tempse strete, and ther sche
londid, and went fiforth on her ffete thorow Briggestrete, Gris-
chirch strete to the ledyn hall, and so to Crischirch in the wise
aforn seyd. And on the fifryday sche londid on the ffryday at
Quenehith, and so fforth sche went into Chepe, and so to seynt
Mighell in Cornhill in the forme afor sayd; and att eche of the
tymes the meyer with the sherves and the craftes of London were
redy at |?e placys ther sche shuld lond. And aftyr Roger J?e clerk
aforn sayd on the Setterday, that is to say the xviij day of
nouembre, whas brought to the yeld hall with Sir John hom,
prest, and William WTodham, squyer; the wich Sir John and
William had her charterys at that tyme ; and the clerk whas
dampned and the same day whas drawe ffro the Toure of london
to Tyborn, and ther hongid, hedid, and quartered ; and the hed
sett on london brygge, and his one quarter att hertford 4, a nother
att Oxenford, a nother at York, and the iiijte at Cambryg. And
the lady put in prison and aftyr sent to the lie of Man 5, ther to
abyde while that sche levyd. Allso the same yere whas a parle- f. 6oro
ment, and it began at cristmas and lastyd tyll Esterne. At the
wich parlement whas ordeyned that ]?e see schuld kepet allf
1 Added by a later hand. 2 In this yere, H.
3 The copyist began to write toke her be, but then erased it. The Cotton
MS. Julius B I has openly barehede with a keverchef on her hede beryng
a taper.
4 Hereford, H. 6 Chestre, H.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
a yere att the kynges cost. And ther fore to paye an hole
fyftene, and london to lene him iij m1 pound. And in that yere
the last day save oon1 ther whas a batell in Smythfeld wt in the
lystys afore the kyng, betwene the lord beuf Arogoner 2 and John
Asshley, squyer of the kynges house, a chaleng ffor spere to cast
pollax and dagger. Att the wich bateyll Asshley had the vectory ;
for he reysed blood of3 the lord a forn sayd, in brekyng of the
gantlett and reyseng of his vmbray. And had him at myschef
redy to have strekyn 4 him in the face with his dagger, till the
kyng cryed hoo. And ther the sayd squyer Asshle whas made
knyght of the kyng5 in the ffeld. Allso in this same yere com
the lord Talbot ow3t of ffraunce, and whas made erll of Shrewes-
beri, and went ouer in to ffraunce ayen with iiij m1 men. And in
this yere com tydynges to the kyng that Gascoyne and Gyan
whas lost, save Burdeux and Bayon, be the Armynakkes take.
In the mene tyme embassatoures of the same party of Armynakes
were com vn to the kyng, ffor to entrete ffor a manage of the Erll
of Armynakes dow3ter to be wedde vn to the kyng. But be
cause of ]?e same treson the sayd mariage was dasshed. Allso
this same yere went a werre in iiij partys of Englond, of euery
f. 6ov° cost xxiiij shippes a werr. And in that same yere cam home
oute of ffraunce the erll of Ewe [and]€ Sir James of Ormond into
Englond.
t v u ,i i f Thomas Bemond. Salter ) A .„
John Hatherle j Ric Northeyn_ ta'illor } Anno xxj
In this same yere the erll of Schrewesbery leyd sege be watyr
and lond to depe; and kept it a while, till he ferd so foule with
his men, that thei nolde not lenger abyde with him; and so he
whas fayne to high awey thense to Rooen, and so brak the seege.
Allso in Y yere the chains of the cite of Norwich arisen ayenst
the priour of crichirch of the same cite, ffor certeyn new costomys
and bondschippes that he wold have begon to have reysed of the
sayd cite and of all the commons ther in; wher fore the comons
aroose, and wold have ffired and sawtyd the abbey, and have
destroyed the prior of the place, in to the tyme thei had the
1 the laste day of... . save on, H. 2 the lord Beaufe a Arrogoner, H.
3 H. omits fro7ti the wich to blood of. 4 popped, H.
5 H. omits of the kyng. 6 Supplied from H.
II. CLEOPATRA C IV, 1442, M43
falce contryved evydence, that were seled be old tyme wt the
comon sell vnwetyng of hem but thorow a prior of old and
certayn falce aldermen of the same citee, that now aryn dede;
and the comons kept with strong hand the tovne ayenst the Duke
of Norfolk, and all his pissuaunce;, that wold have come theder
for the cause a fore seyd. Wherfore the kyng sent theder the
Chef Juge called ffoskewe, the kyng sent theder the Erll of
Stafford1 and the Erll of hontyngdon, and sattyn ther in sessions,
at the wich were many of the cite [endyted] and the Prior [also; f. 61™
and also the] 2 citee lost her libertees that thei had a fore. And
all the cite sesed in to the kynges hand, and a knyght called
Sir John Cliffton made captayn therof; and many of the worthi
men of the sayd citee filed into other contrys ouer the see for
drede, with as moch of her goodes as thei myght have with hem 3.
And allso in this same yere went Sir William Bonvyle, knyght,
to Burdeux with viijc of good ffyteng men to kepe the tovne, vnto
the tyme that a better4 retenewe myght be made and sent
theder. And in this yere died herry Chichele, Archebysshop of
Caunterbury, in the passion weke, and is buryed in Caunterbery;
and ffor him whas made Chaunceler the Bisshop of Bathe,
Bisshop of Caunterbery 5. And in this yere went ouer the see
John, Duke of Somersett, with x. m1 good men. And he had ouer
with him grete ordinaunce of gones, Brigges, and scalyng ladderis,
and many moo other thinges, whom Jhesu spede ffor his mercy.
And in this yere com ouer fro Normandy the Cardinall Arche¬
bysshop of Rooen, Chaunceler of Normandy, and Bisshop of
Ely in Englond, with the Erll of Schrewisbury, that whas the
lord Talbot, and my lord ffacombyrg with the tresorer of
Normandy and many other. And in this yere whas lost a good
tovne in Normandy6 [of the lorde Scales, that is called there] f- 6ivo
Graundevyle, in the coost of Baas [Normandye, toward the] cost
of Bretayng, with his bastard sone therinne, [and the] substaunce
of all the goodes that my lord had [in that] land whas Ther in, the
1 the chief juste John Fortescu, the erle of Stafford &c., H.
2 The MS. is much damagedj the words in brackets are restoredfrom H.
3 H. inserts and lefte there faire places stonde stille.
4 grett, H.
5 and for hym was the bisshop of Bathe, magister John Stafford chaun¬
celer of Englond, stalled erchebisshop of Caunterbury, H.
6 The whole of f. 6iyo is much worn and damaged; I have restored the
words in brackets from H.
152 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
wich whas falsly sold be [a man] that he had most trust too,
while he whas [at Roon. Also in] this yere whas grete losse of
schippes in the narow see on owre party be enmyes of Depe,
and Boleyn, and Bretayn. In this same yere whas cryed that
all men that wold aventure eny corne or vetayll to Burdeux or
Bayon, or to eny place of that cost, on oure party schuld goo
costom ffree, wiche caused moch corn and vetayll to be schipped
ther. Allso in this same yere whas a mad woman i-pressed to
[the deth] ; ffor sche had spokyn ungoodly, and to presumptuosly
unto oure liege lord the kyng at the blak heth; and when sche
whas brought a fore the juge sche wolde not speke a [word], for the
wich obstinesey sche whas put to deth as y have rehersed before 1.
1 H. concludes the narrative with a broken sentence :—Also this same
yere deide the bisshop Tirvyn bisshop of Ely, the day of Septembre, and
lyth ...
III. VITELLIUS A XVI
Robert Large, J Robert Marchall ) Ao ...0
Mair of london ( Philip Malpas j XV11^ '
And the same yere, the xij day of Nouembre, began the
parlement atte Westm', and that endewred vnto the xi day of
Decembre next folowyng; and than it was enjourned vnto f. ioa1-0
Redyng ; and ther it began the thursday after the xij day1, the
xiiij day, of Janyver. In the which parlement were many
Articles put ayens the Cardenall Bisshop of Wynchestre by the
Duke of Gloucestre, the kynges Vncle. And in that parlement
the comones desired that lombardes and aliens shuld be put vnto
hoste; but it was long afore it myght be graunted; and so it
was graunted and not performed, to grete hindryng and2 the
merchauntes of Englond, &c. And in this parlement was
ordeyned that almaner of aliens shuld pay to the kyng, that
is to wete euery housholder what so euer they were, ffrenssh-
men, Iryssh, Gasgoynes, fflemynges, Duche or eny othir nacion
xvj d. by the yere, except Walsshmen ; and all the seruauntes
of the same nacions vj d. by the yere &c. And the xvij day
of ffeuerer ended J>0 parlement at Redyng aforsaid. And atte
Ester next after there were certeyn men robbed a fflemmyng,
that had brought hider fissh, as he was homeward beside
gravesende in the Watyr; and they slewe hym and his men
myschevously, and dreynt ther vesseill. And the last day
of Aprill there were ij of the same men, that robbed them, f- 10270
were hanged in the Watyr of the Tamyse beside Saynt Kateryns
galowe ; and so they hyng by strong cheynes for to yeve all
othir thevis ensample. And the xvj day of Juyn next after
there were two heretykkes brent at Toure hill; that one was
a preest, that hight Sir Richard Wiche; and the people of his
opynyons made hym a seynt, and they made of hym and made
to hym grete offeryng ayens the commaundement of the chirche.
1 So in the MS. The true date was the 14th. 2 Read of.
154
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And therfore ther was grete Rumour in the Cite of the people.
And than ther was kept the hill both day and nyght for the
lewd people vnto lammas next suyng. And the same yere there
were men taken that were named Risers of ffernam in Sotherey 1;
and some were hangid, and some were brent. And that same
yere the archebisshop of York was made a Cardenall. And that
same yere was the conduyt in fflete strete made &c.
John Pattesle, j John Sutton ) Ao . 0
Mair of London \ William Wetenhale j X1X '
That same yere, anone after Mydsomer in the moneth of Juyn,
Dame Alianore Cobham,the Duchesse of Glowcestre,was arrested
for coniectyng of J?e kynges deth w4 o]?er certeyn persones, that is
to say, Maister Thomas Southwell, a Chanon of Westm'., Maister
Roger Bullynbroke, a Clerk of Nigromancie, and Margery Jurde-
mayne, the Witche of Eye. The which forsaid Dame Alianore
Cobham afterward was dampned for a witche and an heretyke,
and putte in perpetuall prison in the lie of Manne, vnder the
kepyng of Sir Thomas Stanle, kyng of the same lie. Maister
f. io3ro Thomas Southwell died for sorowe in prison w4 in the Toure of
London ; maister Roger Bullynbroke was drawe, and hanged, and
quartred ; and Margery Jurdemayne was brent in Smythfeld, nat
w4oute a cause. Also the same yere the last day of August in
fletestrete ther was a grete debate by the nyght tyme bitwene
men of Courte and men of London. Where thurgh shotte of
bowes, as in londe of Werre, of both parties there were many
men hurt fowle and slayne; and one called William herbotell a
man of Courte, Beyng principall cause of all that mysgouernaunce.
In the day of Eleccion of this forsaid Robert Clopton to be
mayr, at yeldhalle after the lawdable custome the Comons of the
Cite namyd Robert Clopton and Rawlyn holand, taillour, for
their eleccion of a mayr for the yere folowyng. And the mair
and Aldermen chase Robert Clopton. And when the mair
brought downe the said Robert upon his Right hand, as the
custume is, certeyn Taillours and other hand craftymen cried:
Robertus Clopton
Willelmus Combye
Ricardus Riche
1 Farnham in Surrey.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1440-1443 155
'Nay, nay, not this man but Rawlyn holand'; wherfore the
mair, John Paddesley, sent those persones that so cried vnto
Newgate, where as1 they abide a long while and were punysshed
there for their mysse demeanour. Item, this yere M. John Hum
and M. Roger Bollynbroke beforenamed were brought vnto the
Guylde Halle in London; and there before the Mair, the lordes,
and the kynges chief Justice were areyned, and dampned to be
drawyn, hanged and quartered ; but M. John Hum had his chartre,
and M. Roger was drawyn vnto Tiborn, and ther was hanged, f- 103™
hedid, and quartred. How beit he there toke it vpon his deth
he died giltles of that he died for. And M. Thomas Sothwell,
before named, died in the Tower the nyght before he shuld haue
been areyned at the Guyldehall, like as before tyme he had said
of hym silf; for he seid he shuld die in his bed and not by
Rigour of the lawe. Vpon the sowles of whome Jhesu haue
mercy! And the forsaid Margery Jourdemayne was brent in
Smythfelde. Also in this yere were dyuers ambassadours sent
into Guyan, for a mariage betwene the kyng and the Erlis
doughter of Armynak; which was concludid, but by meanys of
therle of Suffolk it was lette and put a part. And after this the
said Erie went ower the se in to fifraunce, and there treated
the mariage bitwene the kyng and Dame Margaret the kynges
doughter of Cecile and Jerusalem. Also this yere was affray in
fletstret by nyghtyme bitwene men of courte and of london,
wherof one herbotell was the occasioner.
John Atherly j B—nd |A„ xxjo_
In this yere the mariage beforsaid was concluded, for conclusion
wherof the kyng shuld delyuer to hir fadir the duchy of Angoo
and the Erldom of Mayn, whiche was the key of Normandy.
Thenne departed the Erie of Suffolk wt his wif and dyuers lordes
and knyghtes, in most Roiall Aray and astate that myght be,
owte of England with newe charis and palfreys, which went
through chepe and so through the Cite, over the See and Re-
ceyued the said dame Margaret. And sithen brought hir in the f. io4ro
lenten next aftir to hampton, wher she landid and was Royally
Receyued. Item the same yere vpon the Candelmasse Evyn
1 The copyist wrote wherfore, but corrected it.
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
befor by a grete tempeste of Thundir and lightenyng at aftir none
the Steple of Seynt Pawlis chirche was sette on fire aboute the
medyll of the Shafte in the tymbir ; whiche was quenchid by
grete labour, and specially by the grete diligent labour of the
morow messe preste of the Bowe in Chepe, which was thought
inpossible except the grace of god.
Thomas Catworth j ^ 1?°^ I A0 xxij0.
( John Norman J J
In this yere was the Erie of Stafford creat Duke of Bokyngham,
the Erie of Warwik Duke of Warwik, the Erie of Dorset
marquys of Dorset, and the Erie of Suffolk marquys of Suffolk.
And this yere it was ordeyned that the Sonday shold be hold
high and holy, and that nomaner of vitaill shuld be brought to
the Towne and sold, nother by Citizenis nor by foreyns.
He-y ffrowyk{|tepMrer}AOxxi
In this yere Henry the vith maredd Quene Margaret at Sowth-
welll, and she cam unto London the xviijth day of Maij ; and
by the ways all the lordes of Englond receyved her honorably in
dyuers places, And in especiall the Duke of Glowcetur; And
f. ro4T0 vpon blak heth the Maier, Aldermen, and the comoners of the
Citee, a certeyn of euery crafte, in blewe Gownys browdered wl
the devise of his Crafte, and euery man a scarlet or a Reed hood ;
and so brought her to london, where were ordeyned dyvers
pageantes, countenauntes of dyuers histories, shewed in dyuers
places of the Cite in Roiall wise and costelewe ; and the xxx
day of Maij she was crowned at Westmynster, where were
Justices2 iij daies continually after. In this yere was the sege
of Caleys.
Symond Eyre{ ^ j^ng }a° xxiiij.
In this yere the priour of kilmayn appealed therle of Ormonde
of treason, which had a day assigned vnto them for to fight in
1 Fabyan reads Southwyke, i.e. Southwick. Stow has written a cor'
rection in the MS. as follows:—quene margaret landyd at portsmouthe
& was weddyd to henry at Tichefelde nere to Southampton. Tichfield and
Southwick are six or seven miles apart.
2 The copyist wrote justices of peace; but the last two words were
erased, revylle of justys of pes, G.; open justs for alle, J. B I.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1443-1447
T57
Smythfeld, where the feeld was redely made and enclosed w'
listes. But whan it came to the day of their fight the kyng toke
the Quarell into his hand, which was doon at the grete Instaunce
and labour of dyuers prechours and Doctours of London, as
Sir Gilbert Worthynton, parsone of Seynt Andrewis in Holborn,
and othir. Also this yere came a grete ambassade into Englond
out of ffraunce, for to haue concluded a perpetuall peas; but in
conclusion it tourned vnto a trewis for a yere.
John Olneyj Godfrey Bdeyn }A° xxv°
In this yere was a parliament at Seynt Edmondes Bury, at the f. ic>5ro
whiche all the Comonys ther abowte were commaunded to be
there in their most ffensible aray for to awaite vpon the kyng.
To the which parliament came Humfrey the Duke of Glowceter, obitus
the kynges vncle, which had been protectour of this lond all the Ducis
nonage of the kyng. And anoon aftir that he was in his logyng Glo°-
he was arested by the vycounte Beawmond, the Constable of
England, whom accompanyed the Duke of Bokyngham and
many other lordis. And fforthwith all his seruauntes were com-
maundid for to departe from hym ; and xxxij of the chief of
theym were also arestid, and sent vnto dyuers presons; and v or
vj daies after this arest the saide Duke was dede, vpon whos
sowle god haue mercy; but how he dyde or in what maner the
certaynte is vnknowen, but only to god. Some said he died
for sorowe, some seid he was murdred bitwene ij ffedirbeddes ;
And some seid he was throst into the bowell with an hote
brennyng spitte. And whan he was so founden deed he was
laide opyn, that all men myght behold hym. Vpon hym loked
all the gentils of the Cuntre and many of the comon people;
but no wounde nor tokyn of wounde cowde be persaived vpon
hym. And aftir this the Corps was conveid to Seynt Albonys,
where he was buried by the tumbe of Seynt Albon. And v
persons of his hovsold were sent vnto london, and there were
arayned and Juged to be drawyn, hanged, and quartered; of
whom the names were Sir Roger Chamberleyn,knyght, myddylton,
herbard, Artur, Esquyers, and Richard Nedam ; which v persons f. 105™
were drawen from the towre of london through the Cite vnto
Tiborn, and there hanged and leten downe quyk, and thenne stript
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CHRONICLES OF LONDON
for to haue been heded and quartred. And then the Marques of
Suffolk shewed their chartres; and so they were pardoned, and
so brought agayn vnto London, and delyured after.
T i r* j f William Abraham ) «
John Gedney j Thomas ^ j Anno xxvj".
In this yere duryng the peas bitwene Englond and fifraunce an
Englisshe knyght named Sir ffraunceis Aragonys toke a toune
of Normandy named ffogiers1, agayns the trewis of the kynges of
Englond and fifraunce ; of the which breche began moche sorowe,
ffor this was thoccasion by which the ffrensshemen gate all
normandy.
, t, f William Cantelowe )
Stephen Browne j WjUiam MarQwe j A" xxvij".
In this yere an Englisshe Squyer named Chalons did armys
wt a knyght of fifraunce named Sir Leowis de Buriell before the
fifrensshe kyng, and Ranne the seid Sir Leowis throughoute the
Body with a spere, wherof he dyed in the ffeld ; and after the said
f. io6ro Chalons did the Obsequy of the said sir Leowis, and mourned for
hym as he had ben his carnall brother ; fifor the which & for his
manhode he was gretly alowed.
Thomas Chalton j William Hulyn j xxvjjjo^
( Ihomas Canynges j J
In this yere was a parliament holden at Westmynster; and
from thens aiourned to the blak freres, and after Cristemas to
Westmynster ageyn. Duryng which parlyament the Duke of
Suffolk was arestid and put in to the Towre, and grete wacche
was made in the Cyte all the parliament tyme. And after Ester
the parliament was aiourned vnto Leyceter, and ther continued
till after Whitsontyde. In which tyme the forsaid Duke was
delyuered oute of the Towre, for which delyueryng all the comons
of England were in a greate Rumour for the lesyng of Angoo
and Mayn, but most speciallie for the deth of the good Duke of
Glowceter. Insomoche that in some places they assembled
theym togider, and made theym Capitayns, as Blewberd and
]>e Deth of other: which were resisted, taken, and doon to Deth. And
>e Duke of duryng this parliament the Duke of SufiP. was banysshed the
1 Foug&res.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1447-1450 159
lond for v yere ; and anon aftir this he went into Northfolk, and
toke there shippyng. And a shippe called the Nicolas of the
Towre mette w4 hym vpon the see, and toke hym and brought
hym to Dovyr Rode ; and there stroke of his hede, and laide
the body vpon lorid vpon the sandes. Item, this yere was
a grete assemble of the comones in kent, which came downe jack Cade,
to blak heth in June, and ther made their feld, abidyng there f* Io6T°
vij daies. Wherof when the kyng herde, beyng at leiceter, he
assemblid his lordes ; and cam in all haste agayne the Kentisshe-
men, and at his comyng sent dyuers lordes to theym to knowe
their Entent. And when these lordes came to their Capeteyn
namyd Jak Cade, otherwyse Mortymer, cosyn to the Duke of
York as the saide Capitayne named hym self, he seid he and his
people were commen to redresse many poyntes wherby the
kynges subgettes and comons were grevously wrongid ; but his
fynall purpoos was to robbe, as after it shall appere. Wherfore
the kyng and his counsaill, seyng the dowblenesse of this Capitayn,
the xviijth day of the said moneth addressid his people toward
theym; but whan the kynges people cam to the blak heth the
Capitayne was goon. Wherfore it was agreed that Sir Humfrey
Stafford, knyght, and William Stafford, Esquyer, and an other
Squyer with theym, shuld ffolowe the chase. And at Sevenok
in Kent they met and fought wt the capitayne and his company,
where the said sir Humfrey and his company lost the ffeelde,
and sir Humfrey Stafford and William his brother w4 many other
there were slayn. And in this season the kynges people lying
still vpon the heth, dyuers of the comons and of the lordes men
said playnly, if they myght not haue execucion of certeyn traytours
aboute the kynges persone they wold leue their maisters and go
vnto the Capiteyn and take his part; which were the lord Say,
that tyme tresorer of Englond, The Bisshop of Salesbury, the
Abbot of Glowcetur, DanyelL,Trevilyan, and many moo. Wherfor f. 107™
the kyng sent the lord Say vnto the Tower. And then the
kyng, heryng of this discumfitur of the Staffordes, Remoued
from Grenewich to London, and from London to Kellyngworth ;
for the kyng nor his lordes durst not trust their own housold
menys. And whan the Capeteyn had thus, as ye haue herd,
distressid the Staffordes, anon he toke the Salet and the briganders
of sir humfreis set full of gilt nailles, and also his gilt sporys, and
i6o CHRONICLES OF LONDON
arayed hym like a lorde; and after Resorted ageyne to blak
heth w4 moo people than he had before, which was vpon Seynt
Peter's Day, wher he behedid a man of his owne callid Parys,
a peticapeteyne. Thenne cam to the capeteyne the Bisshop of
Caunterbury and the Duke of Bokyngham, and there speke
w* hym, whom they fond right wise and well a vised in his
comonyng. And the first day of July he w* his people cam
into Sothewerke, and becawse he myght not entre the Cite he
lay there that nyght. And the same day the comons of Essex
cam to Myles ende to accompanye the said Capitayne. And
vpon the morne the comons of the Cite wente vnto Guyldhall by
a sommance made by a Commyssion, which was sent from the
kyng to certeyn lordes, and to the mayr and dyuers Justices to
Enquere of all persons that were traitours extorcioners or op¬
pressors off the kynges people; but the Justices wolde nat be
founde. Wherfore the Citizens were right evyll content Neuer-
thelesse certayn Enquestes were callid ; and while the mayr satte
the Comons cryed fore vpon Philip Malpas to haue hym dis¬
charged of his Cloke, and so he was forthwith ; and Robert
Horn, an other Alderman, by Instigacion of the people was there
arestid and commyttid to Newgate. And the same day at v at
f. io7TO after none the Capteyne came in to the Cite per force; and in
his entre at the Brigge he hewe the Ropys of the drawe brigge
asonder; and whan he came to Saynt Magnus he made a pro-
clamacion vpon payne of deth, that no man of his Ost shuld
Robbe ne dispoile no man w1 in the Cite. And in like wise at
ledynhall and so thurgh the Cite w* grete pride. And at London
Stone he strak vpon it like a Conquerour; and so beyng in the
Cite sent vnto the Tower for the lord Say ; and he was ffett and
brought vnto Guyldehalle, wher he was Endited w* other of
treason. And vpon the same morne the Capteyne sent for
Robert Home, Alderman, wher w* grete labour of his ffreendes
he scapid w* his lif, and rounsomed at a grete Somme of money ;
and so were other delt wl in like maner. And while the Mair
was at the hall the Capeteyne come ageyne into the Cite, and
went into the flete ; and from thens vnto one Crowmer, a Squyer,
that had wedded the lord Says doughter and had been Shyref
of Kent, and had doon grete extorcion ther, as they seid. In the
The lord meane while the lord Say beyng at Guyldehalle before the Mair
Say.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1450 161
and the kynges Justice there, desired to be demyd by his perys ;
but the kentisshemen wold not suffir that, but by force and
strength toke hym owte of Guyldhalle and brought hym vnto
the Standard in Chepe, and there smote of his hede; and aftir
set it vpon a spere and bore it aboute the Cite; and the same
day at Milis End Crowmer befornamed was beheded, vpon Decapi-
whos soule Jhesu haue mercy. And the same day, befor the crowmer
behedyng of Crowmer, the Capteyne w1 a certeyne w* hym went f. io8ro
vnto Philip Malpas howse, and robbid him of moche good. And
from thens he went to one Geerstes howse, beside tower strete,
and ther dyned, and in like wise robbid hym. And it is to be
remembred that whan Crowmer was behedid, that same season
was also behedid a man that was callid Baily; and after they
brought the hedis of the lord Say and of Crowmer vpon ij stakes
or polis, and in dyuers places of the Cite put theym togider,
cawsyng that oon to kysse that other; and when the citezens
saw that he had Robbed Philip Malpas and Geerst those that
were substanciall dowted ; for, lest afterward he wold Robbe
theym in like wise, they wMrewe hertes and loue from hym ;
for if he had not fallyn to Robbery, it is to deme he myght haue
goon fer in the lande, ffor the kyng and all the lordes were
departid, except the lord Scalis that kept the Tower. Then the
vth day of July he smote of a mannys hed in Suthwerk, and the
same nyght folowyng the Mair, the Aldermen, w* the thrifty
comoners of the Cite concluded to dryve away the Capiten and
his Oste. Wherfor they sent vnto the lord Scalis and to one The battell
Mathew Gowgh, a Capitayne of Normandy, that they wold that bri^°endon
nyght assaile the Capitayne and his people ; so they did, and
at the Brigge was a sore and a long fyght, wher sometyme the
Cite had the better and sometyme the Kentishemen. And thus f. io8TO
they faught all the nyght till nyne of the Clok on the morne.
And at the last they brent the drawe brigge, by means wherof
many men of the Cite wer drowned ; and in that fight an Alder¬
man namyd Sutton was slayn, Roger Heysant, and Mathew
Gowgh, and many other. And after this the Chaunceler of
Englond, vpon the morne after, graunted to all the kentisshemen
w* their Capiteyne a generall pardon. And so they de¬
parted euery man to his awne. And when all were departed
and goon there were made proclamacions, that what man
KINGSFORD
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
The Tak- cowde take the Capeteyn, Quyk or Deed, shuld haue a M1
capitayned marks for his labour ; after whiche proclamacions made One
Jak CadeAlexander Idon, Gentilman of Kent, toke hym in a garden in
Sowsex ; but in the takyng the said Capiteyn was slayne. And so
brought into Southwerk that all men myght see hym, and that
nyght left in the kynges bench, and from thens he was drawyn to
newgate, and then hedid and quarterid ; and his hede set vpon
London Brigge. And his iiij quarters were sent in to dyuers
Townes in Kent. And anone after the kyng Rode into Kent
and commaundid his Justices to sit at Caunterbury, to Enquere
who wer accessariis and cawsers of this Insurreccion ; and there
were viij men Jugged to deth in oon day, and in other places
moo. And from thens the kyng Rode into Sowthsex, and from
thens in to the West Cuntre, where a litell before was slayn
f. io9r' the Bisshop of Salisbury. And this yere wer so many juggid
to deth that xxiij hedis stode vpon London Bryge. Vpon
whos soules Jhesu haue mercy. And the same yere a litell
before Mighelmas the Duke of York come owte of Ireland.
Nicolas Wyffoldej }a° xxix°.
In this yere, vpon seint Leonardes day after alhaloutide, the
parliament began at Westmynster; and the first day2 of
December next folowyng the Duke of Somerset was arrestid
at the blak ffreres in London, and his goodes were dispoyled by
the Comons; ffor then was in the Cite greate multitude of
people waytyng vpon the lordes. And vpon the morne were
made proclamacions, that no man sholde Robbe nor dispoile
any man vpon peyne of deth. And the same day was a man
behedid at the Standard in Chepe for Robbyng ; and vpon the
Thursday the next day folowyng the kyng with all the lordes
come through the Cite all in harneys, and the Citezenis stondyng
vpon euery side of the strete in harneys, which was the Glory-
ousest sight that euer man in those dayes sawe.
And the xxviij day of January the kyng wt certeyn of his
Justices Rode in to Kent, and there abode vpon a moneth. And
1 The margin is very worn. The two the's are not clear.
2 the ij day, G.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1450-1453
l63
the xxiij day of ffebruary he came ageyn to London, and Rood
Roially through the Cite. And abowte Whitsontide the same f. 109*°
yere was Burdeux, Gascoyn, and Guyan lost. And in hervest ^^other
after Bayon was lost. townesiost.
William Gregory { chSer Worton }A° xxx°'
In this yere, the xvj day of ffebruary, the kyng and his lordes TheDnke
Rode toward the March of Walis to mete the Duke of York, ofYork-
which was comyn lately owte of Irlond ; but when the Duke
herd of the kynges comyng he toke an other wey, and soo come
to London ward ; but he left London and passid over Kingston
brigge; and went into Kent, and vpon brent heth pitched his
feld. And in his company was the Erie of Devynshire, and the
lorde Cobham. And the kyng with his people cam to blakheth.
Then was sent vnto the Duke of York the Bysshop of Ely, the
bisshop of Wynchestre, therles of Salisbury and of Warwyk ; and
ther was agreed that the Duke of Somerset shulde be had vnto
ward to answere such Articles as the Duke of York shold ley
vnto his charge. Vpon which promyse made, the Duke of York
brake vp his feld. And whan he came to the kynges tent the
Duke of Somerset was still awaytyng vpon the kyng as chief
abowte hym, and made the Duke of York to ride before the
kyng through London like a prysoner, and like as he shold haue f. iior >
been put in holde: but tidynges came that therle of March his
son was comyng with x m1 men. Wherfor he was libertid to
goo at his wille.
Godffrey ffeeldyngj }a° xxxj".
In this yere therle of Shrewsbury went vnto Burdeux. And
the same yere, in the Cristmas halidayes, the kyng made ij
knyghtes, beyng brethern to hym vpon the moders side ; and
vpon xijth day he made thelder of theym, sir Edmond by name,
Erie of Richemond, and the younger, sir Jaspar by name, Erie
of Penbroke. And the same yere, vpon Saynt Margarettes evyn, oAheerle
the Erie of Shrewesbury and the lorde lysle his sone were of Shrews-
slayn at Chastelion in Guyan. And this yere the kyng lay at hisson^1
Claryngdon syke. And vpon Seynt Edwardes day the Quene Tfhe birth,
was delyuered of a fair Prynce, whos name was called Edward. Edward?
M 2
164
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Constantyn Also in this yere, which was the yer of Ower Lord god m1 ccccliij,
t e noble. wag ^ Qte o£. constantyn the noble lost by Cristen men, and
wonne by the Prynce of Turkes named Mahumet1.
1.1,0™ Jolm Norman { oSc } A° xxxij°'
The first In this yere, vpon ffriday before Seynt Kateryns day, the
waterofthe Duke of Somyrset was arrestid at Westmynster by the lordes, and
niair & brought vnto the Tower of London. And the same yere after
citezins
Candelmasse, at the begynnyng of this parliament, the Duke of
York was made protectour of the land. And this yere, vpon
the morne after Symond and Jude, John Norman befornamed,
beyng chosyn Mair for that present yere, was rowed by water
to Westmynster w* the Aldermen ; and alle the chief of the
Comoners of the Cite went also thedir by barges ; which of
tymes owte of mynd was vsed before season by the Mairs to ride
allwey by land to take their charge. Wherfore the watermen
of Themmys made a song of this John Norman, wherof the
begynnyng was,*Rowe thy bote Norman'; which newe custume
was welle allowed, and hathe contynued from his daies to this
season. And this yere died the Cardynall Kemp, Archebisshop
of Caunterbury ; after whose deth the Erie of Sarum was made
An insur- Chaunceler of England. Also the same yere the Duke of
the°North. Exceter and the lord Egremond made a Rysing in the North,
f. mr0 wherfor the protectour went thider to haue met w* theym, but
whanne they knewe of his comyng they departed ; and the
Duke of Excetir toke Westmynster, where the lord protectour
fet hym owte and hold hym to Pounfret castell; and abowte
this tyme was grete trowble in Walis, which the Duke of
Glowcetur at his comyng thedir by his pollecy appeasid.
1 Stow here inserts, On bartilmew day was a grete game of wrestlynge at
Clerkenwell, in ye whiche a jentilman of ye priour of S4 John's made
a rumore, for ye which ye maior comandyd R. Alley, shrive, to arrest ye said
jentilman ; so he was arrestid and take to parys, seriant; ye shrive was fayn
to crave ayd of ye maior, who w{ all his brethern arose from ye game, and
strengthid ye shrive. And for ye rescuse of y6 sayd gentilman one Cailes
com out of Seynt Johns to strengthe of shot and other abyllymentes of wer to
resist y® maior and his feleshippe ; in ye whiche affray a yowman of S4 Johns
was slayne, and many other foule hurt, and that was causer of this put to
Newgate. This done, ye maior toke his place agayne to kepe out his game,
and was set home from wrestiyng never maior so strongly, ne so worshipfully
[Cary].
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1453-1455 165
Stephyn Forsterj ^"^Ttillour }A° xxxiii°'
In this yere for asmoche as the promysis before made by the A Rysyng
kyng wer not obserued in avoydyng from hym the Duke of of York"^
Somerset, but kept hym in like favour as he had doon before other,
tyme, the grete astates of the land and also the Comons gruggid;
ffor which cawse the Duke of York, the Erlys of Warwyk and
of Salisbury, w* many gentils and comons, cam to remoue the
said Duke of Somyrset and other fro the kyng ; and the kyng
heryng of their comyng thought by his counsaill to haue goon
westward and not fforto haue mett w* theym, w* whom was the
Duke of Somersett, the Duke of Bokyngham, therles of Stafford
and Northumberland, the lord Clifford,, w* many other. And
what tyme the Duke of York and his company vnderstode that
the kyng was departed w* these said lordes from London, anoon
he costid his way and came to Saynt Albonys the xxiij day off.
May, and ther met w1 the kyng; to whome the kyng sent
certayn of his lordes desiryng hym to kepe the peas and departe;
but in conclusion, while they were entreatyng of peas, the Erie
of Warwyk wl the Marche men and other Entrid the other The feld of
Ende of the Towne, and faught agayne the kynges partye; and^bans
soo they fought a good while, of which fight the Duke and his
had the victory; and in this fyght was slayn the Duke of
Somerset, the Erles of Northumberland and of Stafford \ the lord
Clyfford, with many other Gentilmen. And vpon the morne
after they brought the kyng to London in grete astate, and
logged hym in the Bysshop of London's palays. And sone
after was a grete parlyament, by vertu wherof the Duke of York
was made protectour of England, and the Erie of Warwyk.
Capetayn of Caleys, and therle of Salisbury Chaunceler of
England ; and all suche persons were voydid that afore tyme
had rule abowte the kyng.
William Marowej ^omls^cfulgrave }a° xxxiiij".
In this yere duryng the parliament was a grete debate bitwene f. 112™
the Erie of Devynshyre, and the lord Bondevyle in the West
1 Stafford's name has been inserted, and Erie changed to Erles: )>e
duke of Bokyngham was also inserted after Somerset, but again erased.
AIL these changes seem to be the work of the original writer.
166
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Countrey ; wher, as it was seid, moche people wer slayn. Wher-
fore the Duke of York and protectour went thedyr to cease the
said stryf; and in the meane whyle the lord Bonvyle1 fled, and
came to Grenewiche to the kyng, and the kyng sent him agayne
to the lord protectour. And after cristemasse the Duke sent for
therle of Devynshire, and whan he came to the parliament at
hillary terme he brought the seid Erie w4 hym. And in June
Stella the seid yere was seen in the firmament a Blasyng ster in the
Distourb Northwest. Also this yere was a grete affray in London agaynst
ance of the the Lombardes. The cawse began of a yong man that took
!nTendon! a Dagger from a straunger and broke it. Wherfore the yong
man was sent for vnto the Mair and Aldermen beyng at Guylde-
hall, and there by theym he was commytted for his offence to
One of the Countours ; and then the mair departyng from the
hall toward his mancion to dyner, in Chepe met w1 hym a grete
company of yong men of the Mercery, as Apprentices and other
f. ii2ro lowse men ; and taried the Mair and the Sheriffes still in Chepe,
not suffryng hym to depart till they had their ffelow, beyng in
pryson, as is aforsaid, delyuered ; and so by force delyuered
their felaw oute of pryson. Whervpon the same evenyng the
hand crafty-men Ranne vnto the lombardes howsys, and Robbyd
and dispoilid Dyuers of theym. Wherfor the Mair and Shyreffes,
wl thassistence of good and weldisposed people of the Cite, w4
greate Jubardy and labour Drove theym thens, and commytted
some of theym that had Robbid to Newgate. Whervpon the
yong man, which was rescoed by his feloship, seyng the greate
rumour folowyng vpon his occasion Departed and went to
Westm', and ther abode as sayntuary man ; Wherby he saved
his lyf. ffor anone vpon this came downe an Oye determyne, for
to do Justice vpon alle theym that soo had Rebellid in the Cyte ;
vpon which sat that tyme w1 the Mayr the Duke of Bokyngham
w4 dyuers other grete lordes, for to see Execucion doon. But
the Comons of the Cyte did arme theym secretely in their
howses, and were in purpos to haue Rungyn the Comon Bell,
f. 113ro callid Bowe Bell ; But they were lette by sadde and weladuysed
men, which when it come to the knowleyge of the Duke of
Bokyngham and other lordes their beyng w1 hym, they Incon-
1 The copyist first wrote Bond, but then erased it.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1455-1457 167
tynently arose, feryng longer to abyde ; for it was shewed to
theym that all the Cite wold arise vpon theym. But yet not-
w'stondyng in Conclusion ij or iij mysdoers of the Cite were
adjuged for the Robbery, And were hanged at Tybourne; and
this doon the kyng and the quene and other lordes Rood to
Coventre, and w4 drewe theym from London for these
caws is.
Also in this yere the Duke of York was sent for to Grene-
wyche, and ther he was discharged of his protectourshyp.
Thomas Cannyngis j y^ney^ } ^"° xxxv°-
In this yere was therle of Salysbury dischargid of his Chaun-
celership. And aftir, the Duke of York, and the said erle, w1
therle of Warwyk, wer sent for by prevy seale to Coventre, where
they were all nere entrappid. And in this yere were takyn
bitwene Eryth and London iiij greate ffysshes, wherof one was iiij grete
callid mors maryne, and the second a swerdfysshe, and the other ^hemsm
ij were whalis. And this yere were certeyn affrays bitwene the f. H3V"
ford Egremond and the erle of Salisbury Son ; the said lord
Egremond, beyng commytted to Newgate, this yere breke pryson.
And this yere dyed therle of Rychemond, brother vnto kyng
Henry by the moders syde. And this yere was lykly to haue
been an affray bitwene the Duke of Somyrset and sir John
Nevyle, knyght, Son of therle of Salisbury ; which by sad
provicion of the Mayr of the Cyte of London w4 kepyng of
Sufficient wacchis it was letted. Also this yere ffrensshemen
Entred at Sandwych and tooke ther grete goodes, and went
away vnponysshed. Itm this yere therle of Warwyk w* his wife
went to Caleys to take possession of the Capetaynship of Caleys.
Also this yere began the Crafte of Empryntyng of Bookes, which Emprint-
was ffoundyn In a towne callid magounce in Almayne. In this
yere was the batayll of Seint John Capistrane, a ffrere, which
destroyed an Innumerable numbre of Turkes. Also this yere The
the prisoners of Newgate brak their pryson and went vpon the P[e^°^ers
ledes, and faught ageyn the Citezins and kept the gate a greate gate,
while ; but at the laste they were ouercome, and after sore
ponysshed wl Irons and ffeters.
168
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
r Jf -d , ( William Edward ) A 0 *0
Godfrey Boleyn j Thomas Reyner J-A" xxxvj".
f. ii4ro In this yere Bisshoppe Pecok was abioured at Powlis Crosse,
PecokPPe beynS Bisshoppe of Chychestir, and his Bookys brent. Also
Duke of this yere the Duke of York, therlis of Warwyk and Salysbury
York and were sent to London to the Counsaill. And thider came the
o)>er.
forsaid Duke, the xxvj day of January, w4 cccc. men, and was
Therle of loggid at Baynardis castell. And the xvth day of the seid
Salsbury. moneth came therle of Salisbury w* v C. men, and was logged in
Dukes of therber. And aftir cam the Dukis of Exceter and Somerset w4
Somerset v"j men> which seid ij Dukis lay w4 oute temple barre; and
and oper therle of Northumberland, the lord Egremond, and the lord
Clifford w1 xv C. men, which were logged w^ute the towne.
Wherfor the mair w4 the Shireffes, Constables, and other officers
of the cite, kept grete wacche ; Insomoche that aslong as these
said lordes were at this Counsaill the Mair rood abowte the Cite
daily, and the circuyte of holbourne and ffletestrete, accom-
panyed w1 v M1 men or therabowte well and sensible arayed, for
the ward to see that the kynges peace wer kepte. And the xiiijth
Therle of day of ffebruary therle of Warwyk came to London from Caleys
Warwyk. vj ^ men^ apparyled in Reed Jakettes w* whyte Ragged
Stavis. And he was logged at the Gray ffreres. And the vijth
The kyng day of March the Kyng and the Quene came to London, at
and quene. wj1jcjie tyme was made a Concorde and an vnyte among these
f. 114™ forsaid lordes. In tokyn wherof vpon our lady day next
folowyng, which was the xxvth day of March, the Kyng the
Quene and these forsaid lordes went in procession togider
Roially at Seynt Powles. And anoon aftir the kyng and all
these estates departid. And vpon Thursday in Whitson Weke
Tustes in next after the Duke of Somerset, w* Antony Rivers and other
the Tower kept Justes before the Kyng and the Quene in the Tower
tlllCl 3.1 _
Grenwich. agayn iij esquyers of the Quenes, and vpon Sonday after in lyke-
wise at Grenewich. And vpon Monday after Trinite Sonday
Spaynysh certeyn shippes of Caleys apparteynyng vnto therle of Warwyk
met wt the Spaynysshe flete, and aftir long fight toke vj of
theym ladyn w* merchandyse, and vj other of the said spaynyssh
flete they drowned ; and the Remenaunt of theym to the nombur
of xxj sailes fled sore betyn, and many of their men slayne and
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1457-1459 169
sore hurte. And of the Englisshe men wer slayn abowte an
hundreth, and many sore hurte.
Item in this yere the Jannays took Sturmynes ship of Bristow, —of the
and other w4 hym, which had been in hethenesse. Wherfore the Janriajs
Jannays beyng in London were arested and put into the flete,
and wer adiuged to pay for the harmys that their nacion had
doon vj m1 mark. Also in this yere was a greate affray in f. 115"
fletestrete bitwene men of Courte, and Inhabytauntes of the Affray in
same strete. In which affray the Quenys attourney was slayn. ffletestrLt-
Thomas Scot I Rauf Josselyne I A° xxxvii0
1 nomas icot j Richard Nedeham ) A XXXV1J •
In this yere, after Candelmasse, a man of therle of Warwyk a seruaunt
smote a seruaunt of the kynges in Westmynster hall; wherw1 Warwyk °'
the kynges howsold meyny were wroth, and came owte w4 smote a
wepons, and some for hast w* spittes, for to haue slayn therle; th^kynges.
but the lordes that were his frendes conveyed hym to his
barge; how be it many of his howsold meany were hurt. And
for this was great labour made to the kyng to have had the seid
Erie areasted ; but he Incontynently departed the towne toward
Warwyk. And sone after he purchased a commyssion, and went
to Caleys. Also the same yere therle of Salisbury comyng
toward London was encountred at blor heth w4 the lord Audeley
and his company, which entendid to haue taken hym ; but he
was befor warned and had in his company his ij Sons, Sir Thomas
and Sir John Nevill, and a good company ; at which metyng the f. 115™
lord Audeley was slayn ; and moche people of Chesshyre, and
the Erlis ij Sonnes hurte. And goyng homeward they wer takyn
by the Quenys meany, and sent to Chestre.
Also in this yere was the ffeeld of Ludlowe. ludlowe
William Hulyn j }a° xxxviif.
For as moche as in the yer before at Ludlowe feeld that how the
Andrew Trollop w* many of the Old Sowdiours of Caleys, went York fled
and departed secretly from the Duke of Yorkis partie vnto the intolrlond.
kynges party, and there shewed the secretnesse of the Duke and
his Oste. Wherfor the seid Duke, secretly by counseill with
suche lordes as he had vpon his party, fled and voided, levyng
1 The margins have been throughout much cut, and here it is impossible to
restore the Jirst word.
170
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
behynde vpon the feld his people to kepe the feld for a counten-
aunce till vpon the morn. And the Duke soo departed went
toward Walis w4 his second son, and so thrugh Walis into Irlond,
levyng his eldest son therle of March w4 therles of Warwyk and
f. 1 i6ro Salesbury, which iij w4 iij 01* iiij persones Rode into Devynshire ;
wher by thayde of one Denham, a Squyer, gate a Shyp which
cost vj score nobles, wheryn they sailed into Garnesay and there
Refresshed theym.
Therle of And so in the begynnyng of this yere of William Hulyn, the
wither ffriday next folowyng all halon day, therlis of March, Warwyk
fled- and Salisbury came to Caleys in a Balynger, and there kept
theym. And then the Duke of Somerset, beyng made Capitayn
newly of Caleys, made hym in alle haste Redy and came thedir
w4 a fFair company to have taken possession, but when he came
he fonde the Erie of Warwyk there as Capitayne, and his
company, as before is said ; and whan the Duke apperceived
this he landed at Scalys Clyf and went into Guynys, wher he
was Receyued ; and some of his owne shippes by their free
willes went into Caleys havyn. In the whiche were takyn by
meane of the shipmen dyuers men as Jenyn ffynkell, John ffelow,
Kailys and other, which sone after were behedid in Caleys. Also
in this yere began the parliament at Coventre, where the Duke
of York, therlis of March, Rutland, Warwyk, and of Salesbury, w4
the said Dukes wif, and many other knyghtes, Squyers, and
f. n6T0 Gentilmen, were atteynt of high treason, and thactes of the
parliament made at Westmynster after Seynt Albons feeld were
anulled. Alle this season therlis beyng in Caleys gadered to
theym greate companye, and the Duke of Somerset beyng in
Guynys in lykewyse ; and bykerd togiders sondry tymes. Then
vpon a tyme the said lordes beyng in Caleys sent ovir Maist'.
Denham w4 a greate ffeliship vnto Sandewych, which toke the
Towne and theryn the lord Ryvers and the lord Scalys his son,
and toke many shippis in the havyn and brought theym to
Caleys. And after this therle of Warwyk, w4 these shippis well
mannyd, sailid in to Irelond to speke w4 the Duke of York, to
haue his counsaill howe they shold entre in to this land; and
this doon, he retourned to Caleys bryngyng w4 hym his moder,
the Countes of Salisbury; and comyng in the West Cuntre
vpon the See met w4 hym the Duke of Excetir, Admyrall of
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1459, 1460 171
Englond, in the Grace of Dieu accompanyed w4 many shippis of
Warr; but they fought not, for the people beyng w4 the Duke
of Excetir ought more favour to therle then to hym. And soo
he come to Caleys wt oute more lette. Then the kynges f.
Counseill seyng that the lordes beyng in Caleys had goten these
Shippis and taken the lord Ryvers and the lord Scalis, they
ordeyned a garyson to kepe Sandewych, of which Garyson One
Mounford was Capitayne; and also it was ordeyned that no
man goyng into the Costes of fflaunders shuld goo vnto Caleys.
And thenne the lordes of Caleys seyng this, anoon sent owte
Mastir Denham w4 a competent ffeliship; which went vnto
Sandewich, and assailed the Towne by water and by land, and
gate the Towne and brought the Capitayne Mounford vnto Ryse
banke, and ther smote of his heed.
And the second day of July the seid lordes of Caleys cam to
London ; and from thens they departed vnto Northampton, to
whome the people drewe fastly. And at Northampton the kyng Northamp-
hadde pitched his ffeeld, the whiche ffeeld was wonne by therlis ton ffeeld-
of March and Warwyk and their company w4 soor fight. In
which bataill was slayn the Duke of Bokyngham, therle of
Shrowesbury, the Vyscount Beawmond, the lord Egremond,
and many knyghtes and Esquyers, w4 many othir. And the f. 117™
kyng hym silf was taken vpon that ffeeld, and soo brought vnto
London the xvj day of July. And anoon vpon this began The Duke
a parlyament at Westmynster. Also this yere, the ffryday °famydd
before Seynt Edwardes day, the Duke of York came vnto theCrowne
Westmynster, his sword born vpright before hym, and logged eth? ° °W
hym silf in the kynges palays, where also the kyng was; and
so in to the parliament chamber, where the Duke tooke the
kynges place, claymyng it for his right and Enheritaunce, and
seid that he wold kepe it to lyve and dye. Wherw4 all the
lordes were sore dismaide; and soo the Duke abode still at
Westmynster in the kynges paleys, and where the lordes wold
haue had hym to haue spoken w4 the kyng, but he wold nat,
sayng he held of noman but of God. And where as men demed
the kyng shuld have goon crowned vpon seynt Edwardes day
w4 the procession he dide not, nor noone of the lordes, for they
were all at the blak ffreres at a Counseill for this matier of the
Duke of York, and soo contynued till Allhalon Evyn.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f' "8'° Richard Lee j f,chaTrd F'em/nS I A" xxxix».
( John Lumbard J
And vpon All halon Evyn, in the begynnyng of this Mayrs
yere, it was condescended and aggreed by all thauctoritie of the
parliament, that the kyng shuld enjoye the Crowne for the terme
of his naturell lyf, and after the kynges deth the Duke of York
to be kyng if he then lyued, and after theym both the Dukes
Duke of heeres to be kynges. And that also the seid Duke to be Regent
Jen^of^6" Englond and of ffraunce duryng the kynges lyf; and if the
England, kyng wold Resingne at eny tyme after that, then he shold
Resingne to the Duke and to noon other persone; and to his
heires after his dayes. And then agayns Evyn they came to
Powlis and herd Evynsong ; and vpon the morn the kyng went
crowned, and abode ther still in the Bisshoppis paleys. And
vpon Saterday the ixth day of Novembre the Duke of York was
proclaymed through the Citie heyre apparant to the Crowne,
and all his progenye after hym. And forasmoche as the Quene,
f. i i8T0 the Dukes of Bokyngham, Excetir and Somerset, therlis of
Devynshire and Northomerland, purposed to haue warred ayenst
the kynges peace: Therfor the Duke of York, therlis of Rutland
and Salesbury Rood Northward, the second day of Decembre,
Wakefeeld to take theym. And the xxxth day of Decembre they met w*
DukVof Quenys party at Wakefeld, wher the Duke of York, and
York was therle of Rutland, and Sir Thomas Nevill were slayne, and many
slavne
other. And therle of Salesbury was taken on lyve, And John
Hardowe a Capitayne of London, Hanson of Hulle ; which were
after brought to Pounfret, and their beheded, and their heedes
set vpon York gates. And all this season was greate wacche
made in the citie of London, ffor it was Reported that the
Quene w1 the Northern men wold come downe to the Citie and
Robbe and dispoile the Citie, and distroy it vtterly, and all the
Sowth Cuntre. Wherfore the kyng and the lordes of his
Counsaill arraysed all the Cuntres Sothward for to goo North¬
ward agayne the Quene and her partye; and at this tyme therle
f. ii9ro of March, beyng in Shrowesbury, heryng of the deth of his ffader,
desired ayde of the Towne for to avenge his ffaders deth. And
from thens went into Walis, wher at Candilmasse aftir he had
Batell at a bataill at Mortymers Crosse agayne therles of Penbrook and
Crosse™613 Wilshire, where therle of March had the victory. And the
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1460, 1461 173
Quene w* the lordes vpon her partye, after that they had
distressed the Duke of York and his companye, came sowth-
ward w1 a grete feliship and people to come to the kyng, to
haue defetid suche articles and conclusions as were taken by
thauctoryte of the parliament biforsaid. Agayns whos comyng The latter
the Duke of Northfolk, therle of Warwyk w* a grete people went sdntAi-
vnto seynt Albons, and ladde kyng Henry w* theym ; wher was bons-
ffoughtyn a grete bataill vpon Shrovetuysday at thre of the
Clok in the mornyng; and the Quene and her party had the
victory, and therle of Warwyk with his company fled. And the
kyng was takyn, and brought to the Quene and his son prynce
Edward; and as some sayd, there the kyng made hym knyght,
and dyuers other to the number of xxx" persones ; and in this
season the prykkers or fore-riders of the Northern men came f- "9vo
vnto London, and wold haue comen in ; but the mair and the
comons wold not suffir theym, and many of theym went to
Westmynster and disported there, and thre of theym were slayne
at Crepulgate. And the Wednesday before, the Duchesse of
Bedford and the lady Scalis, w* dyuers Clerkes and Curattes of
the Citee, went to Seynt Albons to the kyng, Quene, and
Prynce, for to entreate for grace for the Citee. And the kyng
and his Counsaill graunted that iiij knyghtes w* cccc men shuld
goo to the Cite, and se the disposicion of it, and make an
appoyntement w( the Mayr and Aldermen. Wherupon certeyn
Aldermen wer appoynted to Ryde to Barnet for to fetche in the
seid knyghtes. And vpon this certeyn cartis were laden w*
vitaylles to haue goon to seynt Albons by the Quenys com-
maundement. But when they came at Cripilgate the comons
of the Citee wold not sufifre the Cartes to departe. And anon
vpon this tydynges came that therle of Warwyk in the ayde of
therle of March were comyng toward London. Wherfor the f. i2oro
kyng, wl the Quene and the Prynce, w* alle their people drewe
Northward, and so in to Northumbreland. And the thursday1
next after therle of March and therle of Warwyk cam to London Therles of
w* a greate people. And vpon the Sonday1 after, alle the Oste Warwik^
mustered in Seynt Johns ffeeld, Where was Redde among the cam to
people certeyn Articles and poyntes that kyng Henry had
offended in. And then it was demaunded of the people whethir
1 Stow has inserted the dates, xxviij of february, ij of marche.
174 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the seid Henry were worthy to Reygne still; and the people
cryed, Nay! Nay! And then they axed, if they wold haue
therle of March to be their kyng ; and they seid, Ye ! Ye ! And
then certeyn Capitaynes were sent to therle of Marchis place at
Baynardes Castell, and told to therle that the people had chosyn
hym kyng ; wherof he thanked god and theym, and, by the
advyse of the Bisshoppis of Caunterbury and of Excetir, and
therle of Warwyk wt other, he tok it vpon hym. And ye shall
f. i2ovo vnderstand that or kyng Henry, w1 the Quene and the Prynce,
departed from Seynt Albons Northward, as is befor said, they
The deth beheded the lord Bonvyle and Sir Thomas Keryell, which were
Bonvylef taken at the fifeeld byforsaid. Thenne the Duchesse of York,
heryng the losse of that fifeeld, sent ovir the See hir ij yong
Sones George and Richard, which went vnto Vtryk. . And Philyp
Malpas of London, merchaunt, Thomas Vaghan, Esquyer, and
maistre William Attclyf w* many other, fferyng the comyng of
the Quene to London, toke a ship of Andwerp for to haue gone
vnto Zeland ; and they were takyn vpon that other syde of
a man of werre of ffraunce, named colompne, wher they paied
grete good for their fifynaunce.
Edwardi Thenne the iiijth day of March1, by thadvyse of the lordes
sessio°S" spirituall and temporall, the Erie of March by the Right of
f. 12iro Enherytaunce as eldest Son vnto the Duke of York, the day
beforsaid, which was in the yere of our lord god M^CCClx,
tooke possession of the Realme of England, after solempne
procession made and doon at Powlis, in the greate hall of West-
mynster; and there, sittyng in the kynges see w* the Cepture in
his hand, it was axed of the people agayn if they wolde have
hym kyng; and they Cryed, Ye! Ye! And there he toke his
othe; and this doon he went into thabbey, where he was
Receyved w* procession beryng the Cepter Royall ; to whom alle
the lordes dyde homage as to their soueraigne lord. And vpon
the next day folowyng were proclamacions mad through the
Citee, Edward the iiijth of that name; and when alle these
ceremonyes were doon, and ' Te Deum' in the abbey solempny
song, the kyng come biwater to Powlis, and there dyned. And
after dyner came to the paleys the Mayr w* his brethren,
thaldermen, and certayn comoners besechyng the kyng to be
1 Stow inserts Tewesday.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1461 175
good and gracious to the Citee; and that they myght haue their
olde liberties and ffraunchises graunted and confermed as they
had been by his noble progenitours days; which was graunted f- i2iT0
vnto theym. And than the kyng gaue a straite commaunde-
ment vnto the Mayr, that he shuld see the Citee well guyded in
his absence, and that he kept it safly to his vse. And vpon the
Satirday ffolowyng therle of Warwyk toke his Journey North¬
ward, w* a grete people ; and the next weke folowyng, the
kynges foote people went also northward w4 the kynges standard.
And vpon fifriday the same weke, which was the xiijth day of
March, the kyng Rode through London and soo owte at
Bisshoppysgate, w4 a goodly ffelishyp w4 hym. And or the
kyng departed, the same day One Water Walker, Grocer, was MorsWai-
behedid in Smythfeld. And vpon palmesonday folowyng, the gYoc&rf1^
kyng mett w4 the Northyrn men, on this syde york ix myje, at York feld.
a place or village callid shyrborn, where he faught and gat the
feeld. In which fight was slayn xj lordes w4 other knyghtes,
and abowte the Numbir of xxviij m1 men, of which xj lordes
folowe sum of1 the names: the Erie of Northumberlond, the
lord Clyfford, therle of Westmerlandes Brother sir John Nevyll, f. 122™
w4 Andrew Trollop, and many other. And when kyng Henry,
the Quene, and the prynce, beyng at york, and heryng of the
losse of this ffeeld, and of the greate slaughter of the forsaid
lordes, knyghtes, and common people, anoon departed toward
Scotland takyng w4 theym the Duke of Somyrset, the lord Roos
and other. And vpon the next morne the kyng entred into
york, and there abode. And vpon Ester Evyn vpon certayn
tydynges brought vnto London the Chaunceler cawsed Te Detim
Solempnely to be songyn at Powlis: and soo through the Citee.
And aftir Easter the kyng Remoevid to Durham ; byfore which
departyng therle of Devynshyre was behedid, which was taken
before in the bataill. And w4 in a whyle after Easter therle of
Wylshyre was taken, and kyng Henry w4 his company fled into
Scotland ; and soon vpon this the kyng cam vnto Sheen, and
from Shene to Lambhythe and there logged. And vpon fryday
the xvj 2 day of June the Mayr of London, w4 thaldermen and
1 The words sum of were inserted by the copyist, who presumably found
that he had not the names of all the eleven lords. Fabyan's list is similarly
imperfect.
2 Clearly an error for xxvj.
176
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
comonys, the mair w1 his brethren beyng in scarlet and the
f. 122™ comonys in Grene, brought the kyng from lambhith to the
Tower of London, wher he made xxviij knyghtes of the bath.
And vpon the morne he dubbed iiij knyghtes, or he Rood vnto
Coronacio Westmynster. And at after none, vpon the saterday, he rood
iiij«ardi through the Citee to Westmynster. And vpon the morne,
Sonday, which was Seynt Peters Evyn and the xxviij day of
June, he was crovned at Westmynster, w* greate Solempnyte
of Bisshoppis and other temporall lordes. And vpon the morne
after the kyng went crowned agayn in Westmynster abbey, in
the worship of God and seynt Petyr. And vpon the next
morne he went also crowned in Powlys, in the worship of God
and seynt Powle. And there the Aungell cam downe, and
sensid hym ; at which tyme was as greate multitude of people
in poules as euer was seen afore in eny dayes. And sone after
the coronacion, the kyng made his brother George, Duke of
f. 123™ Clarence. And after that one John Davy had his hand stryken
S&E^cf at the Standard in Chepe by Jugement of the lawe, bycause
ehep. he smote a man byfore the kynges Juges at Westmynster
contrary to the lawes; wherfor the kyng comaunded that he
shuld haue the lawe in exsample to other to be more ferder to
Obitus breke the lawes. And this yere died Charles kyng of ffraunce,
francie. an(^ son was ^ Dolphyn, called Lewes, was made kyng,
and was anoynted at Arras1 on our lady day Thassumpcion,
and crowned the morne after seint Barthilmewes day. And in
harvest the kyng rood to Caunterbury, and so to Sandewiche, and
soo along by the See syde to hampton, and so in to the Marches
of Wales; and than to Bristowe, wher he was rially receyved w*
greate solempnyte, and soo abowte in dyuers places of the lond.
f. 123™ The namys of Mairs and Sheriffes In the tyme of Kyng
Edward the iiijth after the Conquest.
Hugh Wychej Sjg^iriand }A° Prima
This year, the iiijth day of November, began the parliament at
Westmynster. And vpon the morne after died John Duke of
Northfolk, a noble pry nee, which had been a greate helpar vnto
1 This seems to be a mistake for Raynys (i. e. Rheims), as in Fabyan.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 146r, 1462
177
kyng Edward. And vpon Alhalous day befor, the kyng made
Richard his yonger brother Duke of Glowcetur, the lord Bourchier
Erie of Essex, and the lorde ffawconbrigge Erie of Kent. And
the xijth day of January the kyng Remoued from Grenewich
toward Caunterbury. And the xij day of ffebruary therle of deth of
Oxenford, and the lord Awbrey Vere, his sone, sir Thomas oxenford
Todenham, William Tyrell, and other were brought into theand other-
Tower of London. And vpon the xxth day of the said moneth
the said lord Awbrey was drawen from Westmynster to the f. 124™
tower hill, and there beheded. And the xxiij day of the said
moneth of ffebruary sir Thomas Todenham, William Tyrell, and
John Mongomery were behedid at the said Tower hill. And
vpon the fifriday next folowyng, which was the xxvj day of
ffebruary, therle of Oxenford was led vpon foot from West¬
mynster vnto the Tower hill, and there beheded ; and after the
Corps was had vnto the ffrere Augustynes, and there buried in
the Quer. And the last day of July the castell of Awnewyk
was yolden to the lord hastynges by appoyntement. Also this
yer therle of Kent w1 certeyn Bisshoppis went in to Breteyn, The lie of
and there gat the lie of Conket1 and patyzid it vnto England in
In this yere, the third day of November, Quene Margaret came f-124™
owte of fifraunce in to Scotland w* a strength of people; and so
entred into England and made opyn warr. Then the kyng went
Northward w* a grete people; and the xiij day of Novembre
the Quene, heryng of his comyng w* his greate Oste, anoon
brake her feeld and fled. And in a kervyle, wheryn was the
substaunce of her goodes, she fled ; and as she sailed ther came
vpon her suche a tempeste that she was fayne to leve the kervyll
and take a ffysshers bote, and so went a lond to Berwyk ; and
the said kervyll and goodes were drowned. And the same day
cccc of ffrenshemen or ther abowte, beyng of her Oste, were
dryven a lond aboute branborgh ; wher as when they sawe they
myght not haue away their Shippis for the Tempest, they set
fier in theym and brent theym, and so went into an lie-land of
the begynnyng of September.
yere.
1 Conquet in Finisterre.
KINGS FOKD
N
178
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Northumberland, wher they were encountred with one Maners,
f- i25ro a Squyer, and the Bastard of Ogill w* cc men, which slewe and
took prisoners the said cccc ffrenshemen. And when the kyng
had knowlege of hir departur, he entended to haue pursued to
haue takyn hir: but then it fortuned hym to be visited w1 the
Sykenesse of masyls, where thrugh his purpose was letted. And
TheScottes vpon the xijth day in Crystemasse the Scottes cam to Rescue
rebelled. £asj-eji Awnewyke, but it was yolden to the kyng or they
cam. And abowte the same season the Castelles of Branbourgh
and Dunstanburgh were yolden to the kyng also. And the
Duke of Somyrset and Sir Raaf percy submytted theym to the
kynges grace, whom the kyng admytted to his grace. And
abowte Shrovetyde the kyng came Sowthward. And when the
Scottes knewe of the kynges departure they came agayn to
Branbrogh Castell and gat it. Thenne the kyng vpon Seynt
John's day in harvest w4 a greate Oste went agayn Northward
f. 125™ toward Scotland; and many shippis were vitailled in the West
Cuntre, and at London, and at Sandewiche, to go by water w*
vitails and men by the See.
Mathew Philypj Thomas^uschamp }A° "i"
The deth of This yere was the Duke of Somerset, the lord hungirford, and
Somerset^l°rd Roos takyn, w1 many other: Also kyng Henryes
andothir bycoket, richely garnysshed w4 ij crownys, and his folowers
trapped w* blew veluet. And forthwith the said Duke of
Somerset was beheded w4 other at Exham. And the lord
e hungerford, and the lord Roos, w4 other, were behedid at Newe-
sentacion castell. And Sir Philip Wentworth and other were beheded at
henryes Middilham. And Sir Thomas Husey w* other at York. And
bycoket anon vpon this the lord mountagu presented the kyng at
folowers. pounfreyt wt kyng Henryes bycoket, and his iij folowers; but
f. i26ro where kyng Henry was become cowde not be knowen. And
then kyng Edward concideryng that greate feate doon by the
said lord Mountagu made hym Erie of Northumberland ; and
in July next folowyng therle of Warwyk w4 thayde of the said
Erie of Northumberland gate agayn the Castell of Branborugh,
wheryn was takyn Sir Raaf Gray, which said Sir Raaf was after
behedid and quartred at York. Also in this yere the first day
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1462-1468 179
of May the kyng wedded Dame Elizabeth Gray, late wif vnto The
the lord Gray of Groby, and doughter to the lord Ryvers. kyn^l! °f
Rauf Joslyn j } A" iiij".
In this yere the kyng Ordeyned a newe coyne of the Ryall, A newe
the half Riall, and the fferthyng of ijs. vjd., also the Aungell and
the Aungelet.
RaufVemey{H-^™tantyne}A.v».
In this yere Dame Elizabeth, pryncesse and first child of kyng f. 126™
Edward, was borne the xj day of ffebruary.
f John Broucer ")
Sir John Yonge< Henry Brice >A° vj°.
( John Stokton j
This yere died Henry Brice, ffiiller and Shiref of Londonl.
And for him was chosen John Stokton, mercer. Also in this Actes of
yere in June were certeyn actes of warre and Justes doon in ^Smyth"
Smythfeld, bitwene the lord Scalis and the bastard of Burgoyn.felc1'
Wherof the lord Scalis had the honour. And that doon, were
other poyntes of warre doon bitwene certayn gentilmen of
England and dyvers seruauntes of the said Bastard. Wherof
the Englisshemen had the worship.
Thomas 01grave{ ^omTs Stdbrook }A° viJ°'
In this yere, the Satirday next after Corpus Christi day, my f.127™
lady Margaret, Syster vnto our souereigne lord, began hir Margaret
Journey toward fflaunders, Rydyng through the Cyte of London; toke her
and that nyght was loged at Stratford abbey. Also in this yere
was Sir Thomas Cook, knyght and Alderman of London, arrested fflaunders.
for treason; whervpon he was takyn to bayle at the Request
of the forsaid Dame Margaret, but anoon after her departure he
was commytted vnto the Tower, and after Reynyd at Guyldhall
and quytte ; and aftir that he was commytted vnto the kynges
bench, wher he lay long till he had made his ffyne w* the kyng
for viij m1 li. Also in this yere was the castell of Harlowe in
Walis goten by the lord Herberd, abowte Bartylmewtide.
1 Stow has inserted the date ye xvj day of June.
n a
i8o
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
William Taylour| ^myth }A° viii°"
This yere, the thursday after Martilmas day, Richard Steeres,
a seruaunt of the Duke of Excetir, was dampned, and drawyn
through the Cite, and behedid at the Tower hill. And vpon the
next day wer Alford and poynes drawen to Tybourn there to
be hanged and quartered, but they were pardoned and lived,
f. x27™ And sone after was therle of Oxenford arrested for treason.
Of the And on Monday the xxjth day of Novembre the merchauntes
i'.sterhnges. j?sterlingeS were condempned to merchaundes Englissh in xiij
Thedethof m1 vc. xx ti. The same yere the lord Ryvers was beheded, and
Kyue'rfand l,is s°n sir J°'ln Wodevyle w« hym.
Richard Lee { } A" ix°.
This yere after Alhalowen Day there were proclamacions
made in London, that the kyng had pardoned alle the Northirn
men for their Rysyng, and all othir as well for the Deth of the
lord Ryvers as other; and afterward was moche to do for a
Risyng of the people in Lyncolneshire, wherfor the kyng entendid
The deth of thedirward ; but anoon the lord Wellys, vpon whom was put
Welles!* t^ie was takyn and beheded. And in fifebruary therle of
Warwyk came to London, wher abowte that tyme was moche
to doo for billes that wer set vp in dyuers places of the Cite of
f. i28ro the Duke of Clarence and hym. And vpon Shrove Sonday the
kyng entendid to haue goon Northward; but the same day the
Duke of Clauraunce cam to London, and therfore the kyng
taryed, as it was said, till tuysday after. And that day the
kyng cam from Westmynster vnto Baynardes Castell, to his
moder; where mett w4 hym the Duke of Claraunce, and from
thens he cam w4 the kyng to powlis where they offeryd. And
ther toke their horse and Rood to Ware the same nyght, and
w* hym Rood also among other lordes Percy, which newely was
made Erie of Northumbreland. And this while was therle of
Warwyk in the Towne of Warwyk, and had Reysed moche
Sir Robert people as it was reported. And Sir Robert Wellys, son vnto
Wellys. jor(j Welles abouesaid, made a ffeelde; to whom the kyng
sent willyng hym to come to hym, and he shuld haue his grace;
but, in asmoche as his fader was dyssayued by lyke maner, he
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1468-1470 181
vtterly Refused it. Wherfore the kyng set vpon hym, and whan
he sawe the greate Oste of the kyng he ffled, and after was
takyn, and sir Thomas1 Dymmok w* hym w4 othir, whiche were
alle behedid. In this season was the Duke of Claraunce gon
vnto therle of Warwyk to take his parte, to whom the kyng sent f. 128™
willyng theym to come In, and they shold haue grace; and they
made a ffeynt graunt, seyng that they wold ordre their people
and come ; but that same nyght they breke and voided the land
in all haste. And in thester weke Sir Gefiferey Gate and one
Clapham, seruauntes of the said Erie of Warwyk, wer takyn at
Hampton by the lord Howard and his Company ; and Clapam
was behedid sone after. And thenne was the lord of Seynt
Johns arrested, but he was vnder the Rule of the bisshop of
Caunterbury a good whyle; but at the laste he was had to the
Tower. And abowte thys tyme therle of Oxenford, heryng of
the Duke of Claraunce and therle of Warwyk beyng in ffraunce,
gate ovir to theym. And in the begynnyng of July the lord
ffytzhugh made a Risyng in the North; but anoon as he knewe
of the kynges comyng he fled in to Scotland. And then the Thentryng
kyng abode still at York, and ther abowte. And in Septembre
the Duke of Clarance, therle of Warwyk, therle of Penbrook, Clarence
and
therle of Oxenford, w* dyuers Gentilmen, landed at Dertemowth Gf Warwik.
in Devynshire ; to whome drewe moche people of euery cuntre ; f. i29rj
and the people of Kent made an Insurreccion in Kent, and cam
to London; wher, in the Subarbys of the Cite and other places
as Seynt Kateryns and Radclyf, they Robbed and dispoyled
dyuers Dowchemen and their bere howses. And the said Duke
and his company made, as he cam in to the landward, his pro-
clamacions in kyng Henryes name, which at that tyme was
prysoner in the Tower of London. And when they drewe Kyng
toward kyng Edward, than beyng at York, he fiferyng theym, fcdc^(!e of
and also had but a small people abowte hym in comparyson of England,
the Duke and his company. Wherfore seyng he cowde not make
his party good w* theym, and also some of his owne folkes
abowte hym were nat very fast to hym, he w* a fewe horse toke
the next way ovir the Wash in Lyncolneshire; where some of
his meany were drowned, and he escaped w* greate Juberdy.
1 The scribe first wrote William.
182 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And then the Quene, beyng in the Tower, heryng of the kynges
departure, the ffirst day of October next after, she departed thens
secretly and wente vnto Westmynster, where as she abode as
f. 129 a Sayntuary woman a good whyle after. And dyvers Bisshoppis
and other many, suche as were kyng Edwardes ffrendis, did in
lykewyse went vnto Sayntuary places for their sauegard. And
then Sir Gefiferey Gate, and other suche as were Sayntuary men,
went to the pryson of the kynges bench, and set owte suche
persones as were of their affynyte. And then agayne many
Duchmen and also some Englisshmen, suche as kept berehowses,
were dispoyled and Robbyd, and some also brent; but the Mayr
and the Citezenis kept theym owte of the Cyte. And vpon the
xijth day of Octobre the Tower of London was gyven vp by
appoyntement. And then kyng Henry was taken from the place
where he was imprisoned, and logged in the kynges loggyng
where the Quene before was logged. And vpon Satirday after
cam in the Duke of Claraunce, and w1 hym therle of Warwyk,
therle of Shrowesbury, and the lord Stanley. And they Rood
f. 130™ to the Tower and fet owte kyng Henry2, and brought hym to
powles and logged hym in the Bisshoppis palayes, where therle
of Warwyk also logid wt hym. And the Duke was loged at
therle of Salesburyes place. And vpon Sonday at nyght therle
of Worceter was taken, wherof moche people reioysed, as wel
many of theym that knewe hym as other; for he was cruell in
doyng Justice, and therfore he was namyd the Bowcher of
England. And vpon the Tuysday aftir cam therle of Oxinford
to London w* a fair company, and was logid at the lord Hastynges
Thedeth of place. And vpon the Satirday folowyng was therle of Worcetur
Worcetfr Rayned at Westmynster in the Whyte halle, and there Endited
of treason. And vpon the Monday folowyng adiuged to go
from thens vpon his fete vnto the Tower hill, and there to be
heded. And as he was comyng from Westmynster toward his
Execucion the people presed so fast abowte hym that thofficers
were fayne to turne in to the fflete w1 hym ; and ther he restid that
nyght and till vpon the Tewesday at after none, which was
f. 130™ Seynt Lukys day and the xviijth day of October, he was brought
through the Cyte, and so to the Tower hill vpon his ffete; and
1 The scribe first wrote place.
2 MS. originally read Henry and brought owte kyng Henry, and.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1470, 1471 183
there behedid ; vpon whos sowle & all Christen Jhesu haue
mercy. Amen!
John Stokto„{j^Cro^|A: primo H. ««.
This yere, the iijde day of November, prince Edward the Son The birth
of kyng Edward the iiijth, his fader then beyng ffled into ^dwar^
fflaunders, was borne at Westmynster w4 in the Sayntuary ; and the son of
Christyned in thabbey, whos Godfaders were the abbot and the kyng E'
pryour of Westmynster, and the lady Scrope, Godmoder. Also
this yere, the xxvj day of November, began the parliament at
Westmynster, and from thens prorogid to pawlis and there
contynued till Cristemas. And the xiiijth day of ffebruary the
Duke of Excetir cam to London from beyond the see, and to
Westmynster to kyng Henry, and after to his place in Tamy-
strete. And duryng this parliament kyng Edward was pro- kyngE.was
claymed through the Cite vsurpur of the Crowne, and the Duke y^p^o^
of Glowcetur his yonger broder Traitour, and both were atteynted the crowne.
by thauctorite of the said parliament. Also the xxvij day off' I3ir°
ffebruary therle of Warwyk rood in to Kent well accompanyed, Therle of
for to haue fette In Quene Mergaret and prynce Edward hir
son: but he was dispoynted, fifor she lay at the see side from mete Quene
November till April or she myght haue any convenyent wynde Margaret'
to brynge her ovir; wherfore therle of Warwyk, after he had
Taryed at the Seys syde, and cowde haue no certaynte of her
comyng, Retourned agayn. And in the begynnyng of Aprill
cam kyng Edward wt his brothir the Duke of Glowcetir alond The com-
in the North Cuntrey at a place callid Ravinspore ; and w' lyn^"
theym came vpon the numbir of v. c. Englisshmen, and as many Edward.
Duchemen ; and after he was on land he drewe toward York
and makyng proclamacions as he went in kyng henry the vjth
name. And when he came at York the Citizens kept hym owte
till they knewe what was his Entent; and when he had shewed
that he cam to noon other entent but to clayme his Inheritaunce, f. 131™
which was the Dukedom of York, he was receyued in to the towne,
and there Refresshid hym and his people; and after that more
people and more drewe vnto hym. And after he was departed
owte from the Citee Sowthward, he sawe his strength amended,
and that he was past the daunger of the lord Marquys Montagu,
184
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
which lay in that Cuntre, than he made proclamacions in his
Kyng E. owne name as kyng of the land. And vpon thursday before
into^ Estir day kyng Henry rood abowte the Cite with dyuers lordes
london. to gadir the people of the Cite togider to kepe owte kyng
Edward; but notw4stondyng, that same after none, cam in
kyng Edward in to the Cite w4 his company ; and was logged
at the palayce, where he fand kyng Henry almost aloone, for he
was a goostly and a good man, and set litell by worldly maters.
And there kyng Edward Restid till Estirn Evyn. And in this
while the Duke of Clarence with his affynyte gadred their people,
f. i32ro and wer comyng toward London. And vpon Easter Evyn the
kyng Rood thrugh the Cite toward Barnet. And the Duke and
his company were that tyme at Seynt Albones. And that
nyght, contrary to his promyss and othe made vnto the fifrenshe
kyng, when he was in ffraunce, the said Duke of Clarence refused
the title of kyng Henry and went vnto his Brother kyng Edward
w4 his people, and lefte therle of Warwyk and all the Remenaunt
Bamet of the lordes. And vpon the morne erly the ffeeld began ; at
Thereof6 w^ich fifeeld, beyng vpon the playne w4 oute Barnet towne, was
Warwyk vpon that one side kyng Edward and kyng Henry the vith, the
was slayn. Duke of Clarence, the Duke of Glowceter, the lord Hastynges w4
dyuers othir lordes and Gentils. And vpon that other party
was therle of Warwyk, the lord marques Montagu, his brother,
the Duke of Excetir, therle of Oxinford, w4 many other gentilmen.
Where was sore fight, but in conclusion kyng Edward had the
victory. And vpon the same Easter day beforsaid, at the same
ffeeld, was slayn therle of Warwyk, and his brother the lord
Marques, with the lord Barneys vpon the kynges party, w4
f. 132™ many moo vpon both parties ; vpon whos sowles Jhesu haue
mercy.
And the same day at after none the kyng came ridyng thrugh
the Cite, and offered at powles, and so vnto Westmynster; and
after hym was brought kyng Henry, Ridyng in a long blew
Veluet gowne; and so to Westmynster, and from thens to the
burjfffeeld tower> where he remayned prisoner as he had doon before. And
where was in may landid Quene Margaret and prynce Edward her son;
prynce anc* at Tewkysbury met w4 theym kyng Edward, where was
Edward the slayne the said prynce Edward, and his moder takyn and
Henrykyng brought to London in a Charyet, and aftir sent home in to hir
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1471 185
owne Cuntre. And abowte this season was one, whiche was
namyd the Bastard of fifawconbrige, that Reised a greate people Bastard of
of Kent and of Shipmen ; and to theym drewe moche people of j^g^015"
Essex, and so came vnto London, and mustered in Seint Georgis
felde. And the Capytayne sent to the Mayr that he myght with
his people come thrugh the Cite, promysing not to tary but to
passe thrugh the Cite and soo toward Tewkysburyto haue ayded
Quene Margaret; but for alle his sondes and letters made to the f. i33r"
Comons of the Cite he cowde haue no licence. Wherfore he
sette the Cite aboute with his people at every gate and by water
in lykewyse, and specially at Allgate and Bysshoppis gate, where
they set howsis a fyre; but the Cite Issued owte vpon theym
and slewe many of theym at these forsaid Gates ; and anoon
they fled, and the Citizenis folowed the Chase and slew of theym
many ; and many of theym were takyn prisoners, and Raunsomed
like fifrenshemen ; and the Bastard was dryven to blak walle to
his Shippis, where he w* his Gunnys slew and mayned some
men, but that nyght he fled. And in thende of the same yere
he was taken at Sowthehampton, and beheded; and his heed
sent to London, and set vpon the Brygge.
Also vpon Ascencion Evyn kyng Henry was brought from the Obitus
Tower thrugh Chepe vnto powlys vpon a bere ; and abowte the liennci v' '
beere more glevys and stavys than torches; who was slayne, as
it was said, by the Duke of Glowcetir; but howe he was deed,
thedir he was brought deed; and in the Chirch the Corps stode
all nyght. And on the morne was conveyed to Chertsey, where f. 133™
he was buryed. And w4 in ij dayes aftir the kyng w* a greate The kynges
Oste Rode in to Kent; wher he sett his J ustices, and made Int^Kent.
Enqueryes of that the Riottes doon by the Bastard of fifacoun-
bryge and his accessary's ; and there were some hanged, and
some were heded; wherof the heedes were sett on London
brygge, and one was set vpon Algate named Spysyng ; and
some were grevously fyned. And when the kyng had sette the
Contrey in peasyble Rule he cam agayne to London, which was
vpon Whitson Evyn.
William Edward { j°£° }A° xj°
This yere tharchebisshop of York, Nevyll, brother vnto therle
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
of Warwyk, was sent vnto Guynys, wher he abood till the XVth
yere of the kyng.
Also this yere was therle of Oxenford takyn from Seint
Mighelles mount by oppoyntement, and after sent to Guynys,
where he was prisoner many yeres after.
f. ,34" William Hampton { ^"m^Bledlowe } A° xij°
This yere was set a parlyament, which began the vjth day of
greate October at Westmynster. And this yere was a greate Sessyng
landed °f ^orc^es landes thrugh England for a pleasure to the kyng,
becawse of his charges before passed.
Tohn TWiIliam Stokker \ Ao ...0
^ \ Robert Byllysoon j ^
In this yeer was the Duke of Excetir found deed, as it was
said, bitwene Dovyr and Caleys. Also in this yere was one
Oldehalle condempned and prisoner in Ludgate, which breke
from his keper ; wherfore was greate sute by the party which
had hym condempned, named Christofer Colyns ; and atte last
he recouered by compremyse a good parte of his duety, and some
he lost besides his costes. Also in this yere was oone John
Goose, a lollor, brent at the Tower hill.
Robert Drope{f—^,}Aoxiiij..
The first In this yere the kyng called before hym the Mayr and seuerally
lence™' Aldermen, an<^ by ^ir meanes cawsid theym to gyve hym
a certayn money toward his viage in to ffraunce ; and the Mayr
gave hym xxxli li, and some of thaldermen xx rnarkes, and the
least x. li. And so in like wyse he sent for all the thryfty
Comoners of the Cite, whiche for the most party graunted the
wages for half a man for a yere after vjd by the day, which is
iiij li xjs iijd. And after this he went and sent abowte all the
land, wherby he Raysed moche good ; and this was called a
Thekynges Benyvolence. And this yere, the iiijth day of July, the kyng
into^ Rood thrugh the Cite toward the See side, and so to Caleys and
ffraunce. soo in to ffraunce. And vpon the day of Seynt John Baptist
Decollacion the Trewce was made bitwene the kyng and the
ffrensh kyng. And then in all haste the kyng retourned in to
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1471-1477 1S7
England, and the xxviij day of September he was receyued in The kynges
to London. And the Mair and his brithren, in Scarlet, met w*
hym at blak heth, and dyuers commoners to the number of v c. ffraunce.
all clad in murrey. And the Appoyntment of the peas was, t
that the kyng shuld receyue of the frenshe kyng yerly duryng ment of the
the lyf of theym too lengest livyng x. m1 ti. peace.
Robert Basset! Hu^h BryCe Ia° xv°
Robert msset j Robert Colwith |A xv.
In this yere was ordeyned by a Comon Counseill, that w1 in
the Cite at Newgate shuld be kept at the leste iiij Sessions in
a yere, which shuld be at the Shyreffes charges1; and, if any
mo were requysite to be kept, they shuld be at the Mayrs
Charge. Also this yere in Aprill was one John mvndue, Baker,
set vpon the pyllery in Cornhill for makyng and sellyng of false
breed. Also the same monyth One Agnes Deynte was sette
vpon the pillery for sellyng of false mengled buttur. Also in
July was One William Huderd, Baker, set vpon the pillery for
makyng and sellyng of false and lyght breed.
RaufJos,yn{™g—}A*xvr.
This yere the Mayr and the Comons began to Repayre the The Re-
walles of the Cite, and to dense the Diches of the same ; and
for to bere the charge therof he caused to be graunted by Comon of London.
Counseill, that euery Citezein shuld pay euery sonday duryng
his yere v d. And aboue that, he by his poletik meanys caused
dyvers ffelyshippes of Worship to make euery ffeliship a certayn
length of the walle; and to Encorage theym he began w1 his
owne ffelyship, which made the wall from Allhalon in the wall
vnto Bisshoppysgate ; and like wyse other ffelishippys theyr
partes; and or his yere came to ende he had made a goode
parte of that which is newe made, beside provysion of lyme
and Bryk, which he also provyded for in the more the same
yere.
Humfrey Heyford { |a° xvif.
Also this mayr contynued the makyng and clensyng of the wallis f. i36ro
1 The last seven words have been inserted, but apparently by the original
scribe.
i88
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
and diches of the Cyte ; howbeit he applyed it not so sore as
his predecessour did. Wherfore it had not so good expedicion
as it myght haue had ; and also he was a syklew man, ffeble and
weke, wherfore he had not his mynde so fresshely, nothir myght
not apply it so well as his predecessour did. And an othir
cawse was, that for the more party there is nat one Mayr that
will accomplysshe that thyng which was begon in his prede¬
cessor's dayes ; for then they thynk the worship therof is
ascrybed vnto the ffynder and to the begynner, and not to
thender; which causeth many good werkes and actes to be put
owte of mynd, which is full greate pyte. And so by this meane
was this good and worshipfull dede discontynued. Also the
Deth of xviijth day of fifebruary was George, Duke of Clarence and
Clarence brother vnto kyng Edward, put to the deth w4 yn the Tower as
prisoner. Drowned in Malvesay.
Richard Gardyner { Byfeld"2 } A° xviij°-
In this yere was a greate deth, which contynued all the yere.
f. 136™ And this Mayr, for that that Robert Byfeld, One of his Shyreves
shyreve^6 ^or yere> knelyng by hym at Seynt Erkynwald Shryne, and
was con- for vnfittyng wordes which the said Robert gave vnto the Mair
on™^yne of when he Reasoned w1 hym for that Ouersight, the said Mayr by
mair° thC ti^dvyce anc^ Jugement of a Courte of Aldermen Adiugged the
said Robert Byfeld in a Ffyne of 1. li., which went to the
Reparacion of the Condytes.
Barthu. James { J^WarlT }A° xix°
In this yere One Robert Deynys, for that that he maryed one
Elizabeth the Doughter of Robert Gregory, beyng an Orphannes,
w^ute licence of the Mayr, was condempned to pay vnto the
Chamber of London by thauctorite of a Courte of the Mayr and
Aldermen xx. ti. Also in this yere wer iiij men hanged at the
Tower hill; and forthw4 the Galowes and the said iiij men were
brent to ashes, for Robbyng of a Chirch and misdemeanowre by
theym doon vnto the Sacrament of the Awter.
f iw« Tohn Browne -f William Dzmyell |
f.U7 J°nn Browne | William Bacon xx *
This yere was a preste lent and made vnto the kyng of v m1
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1478-1483 189
markes, which was assessed by xxv persones chosyn thrugh the a prest
Cite; that is to say of euery ward in London a man, and to of
theym wer assigned of euery parisshe ij men. And so by this markes.
meanes was the Cite assessid at the said v. m1 markes, which
was Repayed the next yere folowyng.
f Robert Tate J
William Haryot< William Wykyng > A0 xxj°.
( Richard Chawry J
This yere dysceased William Wykyng, one of the Shireffes.
And Richard Chawry was chosen for hym abowte Candelmas.
And this yere kyng Edward, for the greate favour that he had
to this Mayr, he comanded hym to awayte vpon hym wfc a
certayn of his brythern, thaldermen, and certeyn comoners, to
goo w* hym on huntyng in the forest of Waltham ; where, when
the Mayr and his company was comen, there was ordeyned for
theym a plesaunt logge of grene bowhis, and thedder was
Brought all thynges necessarye for theym. And the kyng wold i37TO
nat go to dyner till they were served of their mete. And they
were servid well and worshipfully, and aswell seasoned mete as
it had been dressed in a stondyng place. There was also wyne
cowched, Reed, Whyte, and Claret, wherof they had good plentye.
And after dyner they went on huntyng w4 the kyng, and slewe
many dere, aswell Reed as ffalowe; wherof the kyng gaue vnto
the Mayr and his company good plenty. And aftir, the kyng
sent the Mayres and her Sisters ij hertis and vj Bukkis, and
a Tvn of Wyne to make theym mery with, which was etyn in
Drapers Hall.
Edmond Shaa-f William Whyte I A° xxii°
snaa j John Mathew j-A xxij .
This yere dyed kyng Edward the iiijth at Westmynster, the Obitus
ix day of Aprill, when he had Raygned xxij yere full and M7ar 1
asmoche as from the iiijth day of March vnto the ixth day of
Aprill. And from Westmynster the corps was caried solempnely
vnto Wyndesor, and there buryed, where before he had provided
his buryell. Vpon whos Sowle god haue mercy.
And anoon aftir his Deth Edward his son, than beyng abowte f. i38ro
the Age of xij yer, vndir the guydyng of his Vncle1 by the Edwardus
ytU,.
1 Dorset was the young king's half-brother.
190
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
moders side, callid lord Marquys Dorset, was proclaymed kyng
by the name of Edward the vth. And comyng to London ward,
awaytyng vpon hym the said lord Marques w1 other dyuers
gentilmen, At a Towne named Stonyng Stratford met w1 hym
the Duke of Glowcetir, the Duke of Bokyngham, w* a greate
company, and anoon dischargid the lord Marquys and suche as
were abowte the kyng, and took the Guydyng of hym theym
silf. And so from thens brought hym vnto London; and the
iiijth day of May he cam thrugh the Cite, f¥et and met by the
Mayr and the Citezeins of the Cite at Harnsy park, the kyng
Ridyng in blew veluet, and the Duke of Glowcetir in blak cloth,
like a mourner; and so he was conveid to the Bysshoppys
palaes in London, and there logid. And Quene Elizabeth was
in Westmynster in Sayntuary, w1 the Duke of York and the
Remenaunt of her childer, beyng Doughters. And a none after
the Duke of Glowcetir went to Westmynster, and took w1 hym
tharchebisship of Caunterbury ; where by fayre meanes, and for
trust that the Quene had in tharchebisshop, which said Bisshop
f. 138™ thought nor entended none harme, she delyuered to theym the
Duke of York, a child abowte the age of vij yere; whom the
said Duke conveyed vnto the Tower, and there caused hym to
be kept with the prynce, his brother. And this doon, was
provicion made for the Coronacion of the kyng, which men
demed to haue been theldest son of kyng Edward the iiijth. And
this tyme of provysion for the Coronacion was the lord Ryvers,
which before tyme had the prynce in guydyng, the lord Richard
the Quenes son, and Thomas Vaughan, w4 Richerd Hawte,
Thedeth of knyghtes, beheded at Pounfret. And the xiijth day of Jun the
Hastynges Glowcetir, sodeynly w1 oute Jugement, cawsid the lord
Hastynges, Chamberlayne of England, to be beheded wh'n the
Tower. And forthwith sent the Bisshoppis of Ely and York in
to Walys, there to haue been prysoned. And vpon the sonday
after was declared at powles Crosse, that kyng Edwardes childern
wer not Ryghtfull Enheritours vnto the Crowne, but that the
Duke of Glowcetir's title was bettir than thers. And vpon the
Tuysday folowyng cam the Duke of Bokyngham vnto Guylde-
hall, and there shewed vnto the Mayr and his brithern and to
a greate multitude of the Citezeins the title of the Duke of
f. 139ro Glowcetir, that he had vnto the crowne, excityng the people
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1483 191
to take hym for their kyng. And vpon thursday aftir, the said possessio
Duke of Glowcetir w* a greate company of lordes and Gentilmen, Rlc
wfc also the Mayr and the Craftes, went vnto Westmynster, and
there toke possession of the Regalite sittyng in Westmynster
halle; wher vpon his right hand satte the Duke of Northfolk,
and vpon that other hand the Duke of Suffolk.
And he, there so sittyng, called byfore hym alle the Juges of
the Temporall lawe, gyuyng theym straitely in Commaunde-
ment to execute his lawes Justly and indifferently to euerych
persone aswell to powre as Riche. And aftir departed in to the
kynges palays, and ther was loged. And the said Duke was
with quene Anne his wif at and in Westmynster Chirch crowned Coronacio
w1 greate solempnyte of many states and gentilmen, the vjfh day Rlc "J '
of July. In this season Escaped the lord Marquys Dorset many
and greate Jupardies, for whom kyng Richard made narowe and
besy serche. And anoon aftir his coronacion he Rood North¬
ward, and did Execucion there vpon certayne extorcioners and
Riattours, how well that the Northyrn men had been at London
at the tyme of his Coronacion vpon the numbre of iiij m1. men.
Also this yere his son was creat prynce at York, and his bastard
son was made Capitayn of Caleys.
r» u j. -D 11 j f Thomas Norlond ) Ao ,
Robert Byllesdon j wmiam Marten J A° pnmo. f. .39"
In this yere many knyghtes and gentilmen, of Kent and other
places, gadred theym togider to haue goon toward the Duke of of the
Bokyngham, beyng then at Breknok in the March of Walis,
which entended to haue subdued kyng Richard; for anoon as ham.
the said kyng Richard had put to deth the lord Chamberleyn
and other Gentilmen, as before is said, he also put to deth the The Deth
ij childer of kyng Edward, for whiche cawse he lost the hertes of innocentes
the people. And thervpon many Gentilmen entendid his dis-
truccion. And whan the kyng knewe of the Dukes entent, anoon
he went Westward ; and there raysed his people, wherof the
Duke ferid and fled, becawse at that tyme his people were not
come to hym ; And so departed from his maner of Brekenok
in Secrete wise vnto a Seruauntes place of his, named Banaster,
where he was a whyle ; then kyng Richard made proclamacions
thrugh the Cite and Cuntres, that what man myght take the
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
forsaid Duke shuld haue M1. ti. in money and an C. li. of lond to
hym and his heyres in ffee symple; then this Banastir heryng that
proclamation, what for the lucre of this good on that one and
f. 140™ fere of his lif and good on that other part, if it had been dis-
couered by any other persone than by hym self, wherfore he
discouered the said Duke ; and cawsed the Shiref of the Shire
The deth of to take hym in the said Banaster's place. And so brought vnto
Botyrng- °f kyHg to Salesbury, where the second day after his commyng,
ham. w^ute spekyng with kyng Richard, behedid ; vpon whos sowle
Jhesu haue mercy. Then the Gentilmen which had entendid to
haue goon to hym, heryng of his takyng, fled sore dysmayed,
fifor at this tyme, when the Duke tooke contrary part agayn
kyng Richard, the more party of the Gentilmen of England were
so dysmayed that they knewe nat which party to take but at
all aventure. And vpon this behedyng of the Duke Kyng
Richard Rood to Excetir, wher was taken Sir Thomas Selenger,
knyght, and one Thomas Ramme, Gentilman, and an other
named ; which iij persons were there beheded. Also
deth of Sir this yere was taken Sir George Browne, knyght, and one
Browne and Clifford, Esquyer, in Kent, which were brought to London and
Clifford. Rayned at Westmynster; and from thens the iiijth day of
decembre drawen to Tower hill, and there behedid ; and the
same day were also iiij yomen of the Crowne drawen from
f. 140™ Sowthewerk vnto Tybourne, and there were hanged all. And
in Nouembre the kyng was receyued wHheCraftes in to London,
and so rood to the Wardrope.
( Richard Chester )
Thomas Hyll< Thomas Breten >A° ij°.
( Rauf Astry )
This yere, the ixth day of Nouembre abouesaid, the Mayr, and
his brethern thaldermen, w* the citezeins in violet clothyng, fet
in kyng Richard, metyng w* hym beyond Kenyngton, and so
brought hym to the Warderobe at the blak ffreris, where he was
Sir Roger loged. And this yere was takyn sir Roger Clifford, knyght, abowte
knyght^' Hampton, and so brought to London; and there drawne from
Westm'. taward Tower hill, and when he come at Seynt Marteyns
gate by meane of a ffrere one of his confessours his cordes were
there cut, and he likly to haue tane seynt Martens; howe be it
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1483-1485
*93
he was let, and newe boundyn, and drawen to the place of f. i4ir0
execucion, and there behedid. Also this yer died Richard
Chester, Shiref, for whom was chosen Rauf Astry for the residew
of the yere. Also this yer the xxij day of August was the ffeeld de morte
of Bosworth, where kyng Richard was slayne, and the Duke of ^d1IJ
Northfolk vpon his party, and therle of Surrey, son vnto the Bosworth.
said Duke, was taken vpon the said ffeeld, and many other men
slayn, as Brakynbury and other, by the power of kyng Henry
the vijth. And after the ffeeld doon, the said Kyng Richard
was caried vpon an hors behynd a man all naked to Leyciter,
fast by the ffeeld ; and there buryed wl in the ffreres. And the The com-
xxvij day of August was the said kyng Henry brought in to the
Cite, w4 the Mayr, Aldermen and the ffelishippys clothed in Henry to
violet; and so to the palays at powles, and there loged.
And the xxvij day of Septembre began the Swetyng Syknesse The swet-
in London, wherof dyed Thomas Hyll that yer Mayr, for whom yng s>'knes-
was chosen Sir William Stokker, knyght, which dyed wt in v
dayes after of the same dyssease; than for him was chosyn
John Warde, which occupied till the day of newe eleccion. And f. 141™
this yere dyed of that Syknes, besyde the ij mayrs aboue
rehersed, John Stokker, Thomas Breten, Richard Rawson,
Thomas Norland, Aldermen, and many worshipfull comoners ;
vpon whos sowles, and all Christen Jhesu haue mercy. Amen !
0. TIT., 1. c, ,, ( Richard Chester )
Sir William Stokker ) -r, , f A 0 ,—
JohnWardej^BreteynjA dco.
Hugh Brycej ^ }a° primo H. vij>.
In this yere was a preest of ij m1 ti. made to the kyng, which A prest of
was cessid and allowed by the ffelyshippys and not by the1J"m'
Warders. Wherof the ffelishippys of Mercers, Grocers, and
Drapers bare ix C. xxxviij li. vjs.
Also this yere was kyng Henry the vijth crowned at Westm' Coronacio
w' greate Solempnyte. And a greate ffest was made that day hennci V1J *
in Westmynster hall. In this yere was greate varyaunce bitwene
the marchauntes of this Cite, adventurers in to fflaunders, for f. H2r°
their maister of the ffelishippys in fflaunders ; whervpon the
Mayr and the Benche had moche besynesse to appese the matier,
KINGSFORD O
i94
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
and in conclusion they named one Robert Rydon for Maister,
a lerned man in the spirytuell lawe, but when he come thedyr
he was sone discharged.
Sir Henry Colet| {^ugh^Clopton }a°
The In this yere was kyng Henry the vijth maryed vnto Dame
J—* Elizabeth, theldest Doughter of kyng Edward the iiijth. Also
Stoke feld. this yere was Stoke feeld, wher by the kynges powre was slayne
therle of Lyncolne, Maxten Swart, a Ducheman, and moche of
the people that came wl theym. And yet was that tyme false
Englisshemen that were bitwene the ffeeld and the kynges trewe
people that were comyng to hym ward, which vntru persons
said that the kyng was fled and the feeld lost; wherby the kyng
was put from moche of his ayde, but yet god was his helper and
sent hym the victory.
, I4J» William Horne { Remyngton } A° "j"
Coronacio This yere Quene Elizabeth was crowned at Westmynster w4
kegine. greate Solempnyte, vpon Seynt Kateryns day. Also this yer
A prest of was a prest lent vnto the kyng of iiij m1 li. made vnto the kyng,
111 j m which was assessed by the ffelyshippys, wherof Mercers, Grocers,
and Drapers bare M1 vj C xv. li. And the Craftes of Gold-
smythes, ffysshemongers, and Taillours bar ix C xlvj li. xiij s. iiij d.
Summa that these vj ffelishyppys bare M'M1 v C lxj. li. xiij s. iiij d.
A prest of And so all the Remenaunt of the Craftes bare M1 iiij C xxxviij
M M li. vj ^ vjjj ^ Also in July the same yer was made a prest vnto
the kyng of IVPM1 li., Cessed after the Rate of that other, which
were Justly content, and paied the yer folowyng.
Robert Tate/ William Isaak I a° Hii°
Kobert late | Rauf Xylney J A mj .
In this yere the comons of the north made an Insurreccion
f. i43ro and slewe Therle of Northumbirland, of which comones and
Thedethof Rebelles was Capetayne one called John a Chamber. Wherfore
therle of ,
Northumb-the kyng went Northward; but before the kynges comyng
land" therle of Surrey had distressid the Rebelles and takyn the said
Capyten, which w1 other of his accessaries was hanged at york.
Also this yer was graunted vnto the kyng toward the deffence
of Brytayn, whervpon he had exspended grete summys of goodes,
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1486-1491 195
the xth peny of mennys landes and goodes meovable ; but it was
so favorably set by the commyssioners that it amounted nothyng
so moche in money as men demed it wolde haue doon. Also
in this yere the lord Dawbeney, leeftenaunt of Caleys, made
a Journey vnto Dykysmewe in fflaunders, leyng sege vnto the Dykes-
said Towne, the which Towne was strongly fortified w* ffrenshe- mewc-
men and fflemynges ; notw^tondyng the said lord Dawbeney with
thassistance of the lord Morley gat hym there greate worship,
and wan of his Enemyes many greate Gvnnys, which he brought
w* hym to Caleys ; but there was slayn vpon the Englisshe party
the said lord Morley and vpon an C of Englisshemen, and vpon
xxviij C of ]>e o]?er party. And after he cam agayne to Caleys f. i43TO
w4 greate Daunger, for the lord Cordes lay fast by wt a company
of xiiij or xv m1 men.
William Whyte j } A- V.
In this yere one Roger Shavelok, Taillour, dwellyng and
kepyng a Drapars Shop w^n Ludgate slew hym self. Wherfore
the Shyrevis sesoned his goodes, but w*yn a short season aftir
they were dysseased by the kynges Amner; which had all the
said goodes, and aftir gaue theym to the said Rogers wif, beyng
maryed vnto a seruaunt of the said M. Amners named William
fflower, which said goodes were demed to the value of m1 markes
or more.
( Henry Coot }
John Mathew< Robert Revell > A0 vj°.
( Hugh Pemberton j
This yer died Robert Revell one of the Shireffis, and for hym
was chosyn Hugh Pemberton, abowte Candelmasse. Also in f- I44Iil
March was sir Robert Chambyrlen, knyght, Rayned and adiugged Robert
at Stratford of the Bowe, and then brought vnto the Tower.
And from thens he and other ij were drawen from Westmynster
vnto the Tower hyll; where the ij persons were saued, and he was
beheded. Also this yere was graunted to the kyng, for a viage Beni-
made in to ffraunce, a Benyvolence, whervnto the more party of
thaldermen graunted for euerych of theym CC. fi. And some
comoners C. Ti., and other after their good willes, so that there
was graunted vnto the kyng of and by the Citezeins of the Cite
to the Svm of ix M1 vjC iiijxx ij Ti. xvij s. iiij d.
O 1
196
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
In this yere was made an acte in comon Counceill, that wher in
long tyme passed the Chambirlayn of London and the brigge
Maysters haue be chosen by the Comons of the Cite vpon
Saynt Mathews Day, and euery man there beyng at the tyme of
Thelleccion hath had his libertie for to name for Chamberleyn
or brigge Master whom he lyked, beyng able for that Rome, now
it is ordeyned by the mayr and comon counsayll beforsaid, that
the Mayr and his brethir fromhensforth shall name ij persones
for the Chambirlayn, wherof the Comons shall take One to be
Chambirlayn for the yere folowyng. And likewise the Mayr
and his brethir shall name iiij persones for the Maisters of the
Briggehows, wherof the Comons shall take ij of the iiij for the
yere folowyng. And this was enacted, for befortyme many and
dyuers were brought in to be maisters of the Briggehows, which
did litell good in thoffice, and whan they were discharged made
but syngle accomptes ; and like maner some of the Chamberlayns
Ran in Arrerages to the Chamber in greate Summes of money.
Also this yer whete was in many placis of the land at xx and
xxij d. a Busshell.
tt 1 /~«i i ( Thomas Wood ) A 0 ..0
Hugh Clopton | wnliam Browne | A0 vij°.
In this yere was one sometyme yoman of the Crowne with
kyng Edward drawyn to Tybourne and there hanged in ffebruary.
pro Also this yere forasmoche as the Orphannys goodes that were
de'-retum brought before tyme vnto the Guyldehall were delyuered to
f. 145ro dyuers parsones, and many of the parsones and their sureties
decaied for lak of due callyng In of the said Suerties in covenable
tyme, and by suche meanes some tyme the Orphanys were lykly
to lose their porcions to theym byquothen, wherfore it was now
enacted by a Comon Counsaill, that every yer the monday next
ensuyng after midlentsonday the Mair and his brethir shuld call
before theym all suche parsones as had any Orphanys goodes
in Rule, and their Suerties. And if it were thought by the
Discissions of the said Mair and his brither, that the said
parsonys were not sufficient and his sureties, that than to cawse
hym or theym to fynd better Sureties or elles to bryng in the
said goodes, which he had Rule of. And in likewise if any of
the suerties wer deed or Remoeved owte of the ffraunchyse of
pro Cnmer-
ario decre-
tum.
f. .44-
Whete at
xxij d. a
Busshell.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1491, 1493 197
the Cite, that than an other to be takyn and sett in the place of
hym or theym, so deed or remoeved, sufficient for their good
aforsaid to their discressions.
Also this yere the vj day of Aprill was shewed by my lord
of Caunterbury, Chaunceler of England, how the kyng of Spayn
had conquerid the Cyte and Contre of Grenade, and aftir was Grenade,
there a Solempne procession generall and a noble Sermon. And f. 145™
after Te Denm solempnely song in Seint powles quyre. And in
the said Sermone was shewed, that the same yere in Rome was a pese of
lifounden in an old wall a pese of the holy Crosse. Crosse was
Also this yere in May was a Justice of peas kept at Shene w4 fond in
in the kynges courte, which endured by the space of a moneth, Romt"
at the which in thende therof was a goodly knyght, named Sir James
Parker, slayn by a Gentilman, named Hugh Vaghan, and before Thedethof
that dyuers men hurte; the cawse of the said sir James deth was p^^es
he had a false helmet, which by force of the Cronacle failed, and knyght.
so he was striken in to the mowthe that his tonge was borne vnto
the hynde part of the hed, And so died incontynently. In this
yere the ixth day of September the kyng departid from Grenewich The kynges
toward the Sees side; and the vj day of October he toke toftTunce
shippyng at Sandewiche, and the same day landed at Caleys.
Item the ixth day of Nouember was Red in the Guyldehall
before the Mayr, Aldermen, and Comon Counsaill, a letter sent
from the kyng vnto the Cite, of the conclusion of the pease
bitwene the kynges of England and of ffraunce for the terme of
either of their lyves and for a yer after of hym that lengest f.
lyved. And for to haue this peas establisshed the ffrensshe
kyng graunted vnto our souerayn lord to be payed in certayn
yeres vijC and xlvM1 Scutis, which amounteth in sterlyng
money to an C and xxvijM1 vjC lxvj !i. xiij s. and iiij d. And
aftir it was showed by the mowth of my lord Chaunceler in
powles Chirch, wher aftir was songyn w1 greate solempnyte
Te Denm, wherat the Chaunceler was present.
Sir William Marten { }a° viij°.
In this yere, the xvijth day of December, the kyng landed at The kynges
Dovir, and so came to Grenewich wher he restid hym ; and the ret01une-
Satirday before Cristemasse he was met w1 the Mayr, Aldermen
198 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
and certayn comoners at blakheth clothed in violet, and so
brought through the Cite and so to Westmynster. Also this
yere ij men wer set vpon the pyllery in Cornhill in the moneth
of January by the space of iij market days, for that, that they had
i- 146™ counterfetid a pardon and went abowte the Cuntrey lyke par¬
doners. And oon of theym feyned hym self a prest, and was
noon. Item the xvij day of May was iiij men, alle fastoned vpon
an hardyll, Drawen from the Marchalse in Sowthwerk thrugh the
Cite vnto Tybourne, and there hanged. Also this yere the
Tewesday before Seynt Edwardes day in the mornyng, at vj of
the Clok, was certayn seruauntes of the Mercers assemblid and
styieyerci. went downe to the Styleyerd, and there wold haue dispoyled
the place ; and, or the Mair come and the Shireffes, there was
gadred vnto theym a greate people, some to take their parte and
some to behold ; but the marchauntes had warnyng therof and
kept the gatis shet; and assone as the Mayr cam, anoon they fled
aswell from the water as from the gate. And dyvers were
takyn and sent to pryson. And after searche made it was found
that ij of John Pyctons seruauntes were begynners of this mater,
which were takyn ; and after theyr examynacion they accused
other parsons, which in likewyse were sent to ward, and when
they were examyned they accused other. And thus in conclusion
i. i^7r> were accused to the number of iiijxx and mo, that all or the
more party were sworn to kepe eythers counsaill; among the
which number was nat one howsholder, but all seruauntes, and
there more party Apprentices and childern. And aftir this
dyuers were remaynyng in prison. And some were leten to
bayle vpon Surety to be forthcomyng.
RaUfAstry{f^abya„|A0.x0_
In this yere, in November, the Mayr and his brethern were
sent for to the lordes of the Counsaill to Westmynster, and there
by the mowth of the lorde Chaunceller in the kynges behalf
was gyven a straite commaundement that they shuld dilygently
Enquyer of the Rebelles beforsaid, and aftir the knowlaige had
to bryng to the kynges counsaill Relacion, that the kyng myght
therof sufficiently be enfourmed. Wherupon the Mair and his
brethir, by a commyssion to theym sent, set a Courte in Guyld-}
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1492-1494 199
hall; and ther was by ij Enquestis certayn of the said yongmen f. 147™
Endited. And so adiuged to prison, wherof some of theym lay
in the Tower, and some in othir prysons as the Countours, many
dayes aftir.
And this yer,the xxijth day of ffebruary, was holdyn at Guyldhall persones
an other1 Determyne, wherat was dyuers lordes and Juges and ofseto.tWte
other of the Kyngis Counsaill, before whom was Rayned and Martens
J ° 3 J andarayned
Endited iiij persons for treason ; wherof the pryncipall hight atte Guyid-
Thomas Bagnall, the second was John Scot, the third John Heth, hal1 &c'
and the iiijth John Kenyngton ; which iiij persons were taken
owte of Saynt Martens, and for false and sedicious billes makyng
and settyng vp in dyuers places of the Cite agayns the kynges
persone and dyuers of his Counsaill the same day iij of theym
were dampned to deth; and the iiijth, named Thomas Bagnall,
pleted to be restored to sayntuary; vpon which pie he was
commytted agayn to the Tower till the next terme. And the
xxvj day of the said moneth were the iij other persons were2 f- h8™
drawen from the Tower vnto Tybourn, and w4 theym ij men
more, wherof that one was named Robert Bulley, a yoman of
the Chamber w* the kyng, and that other was a Ducheman,
which ij were dampned at Westmynster; and so the said v
persons were all beheded at Tybourne, vpon whos sowles Jhesu
haue mercy. In this yere Whete was at iiij s a quarter, Malt Price of
at iij s. iiij d., Bay salt at xij s. awey, that is to say xl busshelles, Salt
nantwich salt at vj d. a busshell, White heryng at ij s. viij d. a heryng &
corde, Reed sprattes at vj d., and Gascoigne wyne at vj li. a Tvn.spratteb<
Also in Aprill the xvj day cam the Bisshop of London vnto The priour
Cristes Chirch w4yn Algate to thentent to haue depryved the chirch. *
priour ; but the pryour knowyng of his comyng shatte the
Chirch dore agayn hym, and kept hym owte by the space of
ij owres or more. Wherfore the Bysshop, seyng he myght not
entir the Chirch, he accorsid the said priour and all theym to
him comented, ayded, and counsailled. And the friday after he
cawsed his officer to set vp billes in Dyuers placis of the Cite,
shewyng by the said bylles vnder his seale the said Pryour to
be accursid, chargyng also in thende of the same billes that no f. 148™
man shuld take theym downe vpon peyne of cursyng ; how be
it an officer of the Bysshop of Caunterbury cam w*in awhile
1 Clearly an error for Oyer, see p. 203, below. 2 So in MS.
200 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
after and took downe the said billes. And this yere was a
Roiall feste kept at Westmynster by the kyng, on the Twelvith
day, where dyned the Mayr and his brethir, and at nyght was
a disgysyng of xij ladyes and xij gentilmen. And all the
greate hall was hanged w1 Arras, and staged Round abowte wl
Tymber, that the people myght easely behold. And after the
disgysyng was doon, the kyng was serued with lx disshes of
dyuers confeccions, and the Quene w4 as meny, and the Mair
and his brethir w4 xxiiij ; And aftir w4 spicis, among the which
dysshes was nother flesh nothir fifysshe; and that day before
dyner the kyng made iiij knyghtes, wherof the Mair was one
and William Martyn, Alderman, that other, and ij Iresshemen
a woman of therlis of kildare. Also this yere the xxviij day of Aprill
Smythfeld was brent in Smythfeld an old woman, abowte the age of iiijxx
yer and mor, called Johan Bowghton, which was there brent for
many heresies to the number of ix Articles of heresy. And
f. i49ro neuer wold turne from the said heresies for noon Exortacion,
but in the said false and heronyous opynyons dyed. Also this
yere was the pipes of the Conduyte in Greschirche Strete begon
to be brought toward the said Cunduite, and the olde pipes of
the great Cunduyte newe made and layde. In this yer in the
moneth of May the kyng of Romayns and tharche Duke his son,
Duke of Burgoyngne, for cawse that the kyng of England had
Banysshed befortyme all fflaunders waris, and also had Restrayned
his Englissh Marchauntes and subgettes for to adventure in to
any Townes of the said Dukes, the said kyng of Romayns and
Duke hath Banysshed all Englissh Cloth and Englissh yerne
vpon payne of all suche cloth and yerne ther takyn to be brent,
and the brynger therof to lose aboue their Cloth certayn money
to the Sum for euery cloth of iiij li. iij s. iiij d. sterling. Also
this yer the xvtb day of August wer adiuged at the Guyldehall
befor the Mair and thaldermen one John Northfolk to stand
vpon the pillery on Cornhill by iij market days an hower and
after to Remayne in Newgate by the space of a yer and a day,
which was ffor bawdry; and that other to stand vpon the said
pillery but one day an howre and forthwith to be banysshed the
f. 149" Towne for evir, which was for putry; which were executed.
Item this yere the vth day of September the Bisshop of London
cam abowte viij of the clok in the mornyng vnto Cristes Chirch
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1494 201
in London w4 dyuers men in ffensible Aray; And there toke
owte by suche Auctorite as he had the priour of the place, and
sent hym to his prison at powlis, and after to Stratford pryson
in Essex. Also this yere, on Seynt Mathews day, at the Eleccion
of the Shirefifes was named for to be shyref John Hert, Vnder-
chambirleyn of London, for malice ; wherupon, aftir it was gyven
hym by the most voises, he went vnto the Mair and Aldermen,
shewyng ther that he was insufficient, not able in Goodes to bere
the said Charge of Sherifwyke. Wherupon the Recorder was
sent downe to exorte the comons to take anothir man and leue
hym, shewyng his insufficiency ; how be it it vailed noothyng,
wherfor the Mair and his brithern cam downe in to the hall.
And aftir newe Request and Exortacion made by the Recorder
the said John Herte was opynly before the Mayr, Aldermen, and
the Comons there beyng present sworn vpon a Book, that all his f. 150™
goodes moevables were not in valew to the sum of CCCC. li.
sterlinges ; aftir which othe so takyn, by greate exortacion of the
Comon Sargeaunt the Comons procedid to a newe Eleccion, and
chose John Warner thelder.
Richard Chawryj } A° x°'
This yere, the day that the Mayr went to take his charge at My Lord
Westmynster, At after none abowte iij of the clok cam thrugh
the Cite the Duke of York, callid lord Henry, the kynges second Yorkcoms
son, a child of iiij yer of Age or therabowte ; which sat vpon to on on"
a Courser and so Rode to Westmynster to the kyng w4 a goodly
fifelishyp. Also the ixtb day of november beyng sonday, and Solempne
the xiijth day next ensuyng, was holden w4 in the palays of ^West-^
Westmynster soleym Justis of peace, wherof were iiij Chalengers, mynst'.
that is to say the lord Edmond Erie of SufP, therle of Essex,
Sir Robert Curson, knyght, and John Peache, than beyng f. 150™
Esquyer, which said iiij persons answered all that wold come ;
the which said iiij Chalengers the fftrst day had the bettir by the first
the help of John Peache, which breke that day xij sperys. And day'
the second day they Ranne certayn courses, and turned aftir the second
w4 swordes ; wher also the Chalengers had the bettyr by the day'
helpe of my lord Edmond. And it is to be noted that these
ij forsaid days the said Chalengers cam to the paleys, that is
202
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
to say the Sonday, all iiij in the kynges lyverey, grene and
white, aswell their harneys and other of their appareill, w* iiij
Conysances of the Quene's lyuerey vpon their helmettes, of
blew and murrey. And the Tuysday they cam all iiij in my
lady the kynges Moders lyuerey of blew and white, aswell
Theiijdday. harneys as other apparayll. And the third day the said iiij
chalengers becam defenders. And that day they were brought
f- 151 ro in to the palays w4 iiij fayre ladyes, which ladde their Bridellis
w* iiij silkyn laces of white and blewe, which said ladyes rode
vpon iiij white palfrays in gownys of white Satyn slevid, w*
Cremysen satyn in their her, which was a goodly sight to behold.
And the iiij Chalengers were in hosteyng harneys wt mighty
ffedirs vpon their heedes. And their horses barded, wherof the
coveryng was of blak veluet pirled ij partes w4 gold and ij partis
playn. And the Crestes vpon the hors nekkes were layed w4
goldsmyth werk of blak veluet and gold, Richely and goodly.
And with theym cam In ij other persons in blewe and white, of
whiche vj persons therlis of Suff' and Essex Ran either of theym
a course agayn ij of that other party, which that day were the
Chalengers ; the which ij Chalengers was sir Edward of Borough
and Sir Edward Darell, knyghtes. And after the Course of
theym iiij, Ran Sir Robert Curson and John Peachy agayn
Guylliam de Ryvers, a Bryton, and Mathewe Baker, Gentilman.
i. 151to And then the other ij, which cam in w* the lordes, Ran agayn
the othir ij that came in w* the Chalengers, which were but
meane persons. And of these vj coursis was but ij speris brokyn,
wherof Sir Edward of Borough brak that one and John Peache
that othir. And this doon therlis of Suff' and of Essex turneyd
w* Sir Edward of Borough and Sir Edward Darell to the numbre
of xviij strokes ; and then they departid x, turneyd togider Sir
Robert Curson and John Peache ageyn Guylliam de Ryvers and
Mathew Baker to the numbre of xviij strokes. And when they
were departed Ran togider the other iiij persons and turneyd, and
whan their ffeate was doon, all the vj Chalengers Ran w4 their
swordes agayn the vj defenders, and either of theym laid at
other at the gaynest, but that contynued but a fewe strokes.
Aboue this wer other Justes and Tourneys in the same iij dayes,
1 Probably we should read and when they were departed, as below.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1494, 1495 203
but not egall to these, for these wer honorable persons and well f. 152"
beseyn ; and many a noble Gentilman brought theym In, well
horsed and well apparylled, and Richely, which was honourable
and comfortable to the Kyng and the Quene and many other
greate astates there present to behold, and greate gladnesse to
all the comon people. Also the xxix day of Novembre, beyng
seint Andrewes evyn, the priour of Cristchirch aforerehersed was
restored vnto his Chirch and priory, and that other which was
stallid in his place was avoyded. And the xvjth day of Decembre
the said olde priour of his owne fre and voluntary will Resigned.
And the same after none the covent chose hym that was put in
before. Also this yere the Kyng kept his cristemasse at Grene-
wich, and aftir he cam to the Tower of london, where was
attached sir William Stanley, called the kynges Chamberleyn 1. William
And the same season sir Robert Clyfford, wich beforetyme had Stanley-
fled the land and was in fflaunders wt the kynges Enemyes, cam
agayn and was taken to grace. Also this yere the xxix day of
January was kept at the Guyldhall an Oyer2 determyner, which
lasted by the space of iij dayes, wher wer for Juges many lordes f. 152"°
and knyghtes, and the second day were adiuged to be Drawen,
hanged, heded, and quartered iij spirytuell men ; that is to say
the Deane of Powles, the provynciall of the blak ffreres, a noble
dyvyne and fifamous precheour, And the pryour of an howse of
the blak ffreres called Langley. And vpon Satirday, being the
third day, was arayned before the Mair and the forsaid lordes
the parson of Seynt Stephens in Walbrook, called Doctour
Sutton, a fifamous dyvyne, and one Maister Thwates, sumtyme
Tresorer of Caleys, which were countermanded vnto the Tower.
And the same day was Arayned Robert Ratclyf, esquyer, som-
tyme porter of Caleys, Symond Mounteford, knyght, William
Daubeney, Esquyer, and clerk of the Jewell howse Sometyme
wl kyng Edward the iiijth. Also a Gentilman called Cressyner,
steward wl the lord ffitzwater, Robert Holborn, Shipman, a
Ducheman called Hans Troys, and one Thomas Astwode, Steward
of Marton Abbey; which vij persons were all dampned, and
after commytted to Newgate vnder the Shireffes kepyng. Also
the same Day was the parson of Seynt Stephens aforsaid f. i53ro
1 Stow has inserted chefe before Chamberleyn.
2 The scribe wrote other, but corrected it j see p. 199, ante.
204
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Adiuged vnto lyke Jugementof the other iij spirituell men. And
M. Thwaites beforenamed, and a preest called M. Lessy, Steward
vnto the Duches of Yorke. were the same day atteynted of mys-
prision, and so commytted vnto the Tower. And the Tuesday
folowyng the Mayr and ij Juges sat vpon an Enquery, and vpon
Wednesday sat the Mair and the said ij Juges vpon an Enquerry.
And the after none wer drawen from Newgate vnto the Tower
hill Sir Symond Mounford, Robert Ratclyf, William Daubeney,
Thomas Crassener, and the forsaid Thomas Astwode ; where iij
the first were beheded, vpon whose sowles Jhesu haue mercy.
And Cressyner and Astwode were pardoned, which gladded
moche people for they were both yong men. And vpon thurs-
day before the Mair and certeyn Juges was arayned a Straunger,
called a Briton named pety John, and adjuged to be drawen
from Newgate vnto Tybourn, and there to be hangid, hedid, and
quartered. And the same mornyng was drawen from Newgate
to Tybourn Robert Holbourne and Hans Troys aboue namyd,
which ij persons were there hanged, and after stryken downe
quyk, and then behedid ; vpon whos soules Jhesu haue mercy,
f. 153v0 And vpon ffriday was abouenamed Pety John drawen from
Newgate to Tybourn, and ther hanged. And the same day the
lord Chambirlayn, othir wise Sir William Standley, was arayned
The Juge- before the lordes In the kynges Benche in Westmynster hall,
\Y.Stanley, and vpon Satirday he was there agayn areyned before the said
lordes, and found gilty of treason by aqueste of dyuers knyghtes
and worshipfull Gentilmen. And vpon their verdyte gyven
adjuged to be drawen, hanged, and quartered, and so conveyd
ageyne vnto the Tower by M. Dygby and his seruauntes. And
vpon Wednesday next folowyng sat the Mair and ij Juges in
Guyldhall, and Iniournyd the other 1 till monday next folowyng.
And vpon the monday abowte xj of the Clok, the xvj day of
Thedeth of ffebruary, was sir William A Stanley lad bitwene ij men owte
Stanley Tower vnto the Tower hill, and there vpon the scafold
behedid, whos sowle god pardon. This was a man of grete
myght in his Cuntre, and a greate [ ]2sman of moveable
goodes, In somoche as the Comon fame Ran that in his Castell
of Holt was founden in Redy coigne, and plate, and Jewelles to
1 Read oyer.
2 The MS. is worn and illegible.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1495 205
the value of xl m1 marces or more ; And his land and fifee
extended to iij m1 ti. by yere. God graunt hym pardon of his
mysdede.
Also the same day the Mair and ij Juges sat at the Guyldhall, f. 154™
and Iniourned the forsaid other1 till xij dayes aftir Easter.
In this yere the fifrensshe kyng passed the Mountayns thrugh The
Italye, and so to Rome; And aftir in to Naplis w* a greate
people, and constrayned the kyng of Naplis to ffle from his iourney to
Cuntre, and did many other greate Dedes. Also this yere in Rome-
Lent white heryng was of suche plente in London, that after
mydlent men myght haue bought a barell of good heryng of
lawfull assise for iij s. iiij d. Also in Aprill was set vpon the
pillery in Cornhill ij men for forgyng of false lettirs. And in
May folowyng was Sir William Capall, knyght, and Alderman of w. Capell.
London, condempned to the kyng in xxvij C. and xliij li. st'. for
brekyng of certeyn statutes and actes of parliament made befor
tyme ; ffor the which he made aftir his ende w4 the kynges
grace for xvj C. xv li. vj s. viij d., wherof was paied in hand vij C.
xxxij li., and the Residue in thre yeris at thre paymentes. Also
this yere, in the moneth of Jun, dyed the Duchesse of York, Deceasse
modir vnto the noble prynce kyng Edward the iiijth; vpon whos ^ut(|1heess(
sowles Jhesu haue mercy. Amen ! of York.
Also the same yere, the second day of July, was set vpon the
pillery in Cornhill a bawde of the Stewes side named Thomas f. 154™
Togood, for that, that the said bawde fet ij women from Quenhith
and entendid to haue had the said women to the Stewes ther to
haue done hym seruice as comon women. Also the third day of of parkyn.
July dyvers Rebelles of the kyng aryved at a place in Kent named
Dele to the numbre of v or vj C. men and of the same company
Remayned vpon the water xiiij Sayles, wherin by Estymacion
were mo to the numbre of viij C. men; which forsaid company
that were landed,when they sawe that they cowde haue no comfort
of the Cuntre, they drewe to their Shippys agayn ; at which so
wMrawyng the Mair of Sandewiche w* certayn comons of that
Cuntre, to the numbre of vij or viij scor, bekeryd wl the Residue
that were vpon land, and toke alyve of theym an Clxix persons,
among the whiche was iiij Capiteyns takyn, named Mounford,
1 Read oyer.
206
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Corbet, White, and Belt; which said Munford was son vnto sir
f- 1bbT0 Symond Mounford, which was before byheded. And of the said
Company of Rebelles was ij slayn and dyvers drowned; and
they affermed to be their hede Capitayne the second son of kyng
Edward the iiijth, which was in one of the said Shippys. And
after the said discomfiture the said Rebelles w*in the said
shippys drewe vp their sayles, and sailed westward. And the
xij day of July the Shiref of Kent, called John Peache, Esquyer,
brought vnto London Brigge Clix of the forsaid prysoners;
where the Shyreffes of London receyued theym, and conveyd
theym in Cartis and long Ropys vnto the Tower of London.
And there lefte all the said prisoners, except xlij persons wich
the said Shireffes conveied streyte vnto Newgate ; of which said
persons the substaunce of theym were Duchemen and Alyauntes ;
which xijth day was Relyk Sonday. Also vpon the monday next
ensuyng, at afternone, was a Chapleyn of the Bisshop of London,
callid Doctour Draper, takyn by force oute of powlis Chirch,
and thens conveied vnto Lambhyth by certeyn Gentilmen, as it
was Reported, of my lord Cardynalles. Also vpon the Thursday
155" next folowyng was the aforenamed Belt, Mounford, Corbet and
one Malyverey, w4 other of the fornamed prisoners to the numbre
of lj, had from the Tower vnto Grenewich, and there areyned ;
and after their endytementes to theym Red, they confessid theym
self worthy to dye, and vtterly put theym silf in the kynges
mercy and grace. And the xxiiij day of July was many of the
Duchemen and Alyauntes abouesaid areyned at Westmynst'.
in the White hall, and there adjuged to sufifre deth. And
abowte the said season was Redy tidynges in the Cite that the
Capitayne of the said persons was with the Residue of his
people landed in Ireland. And the forsaid xxiiij day of July
died w*in the Tower the forenamed Capytayne Corbet, of
Goddes Visitacion and of the occasion of the greate hurtes and
woundes which he Received in tyme of his first takyng. Also
the xxxli day of July by comon Counsaill holdyn was William
Bull, Citezein and Taylour of London, dispensed w* for the
f. 156™ office of Shyrefwyk for the terme of iiij yeres, givyng vnto the
makyng of the Condwites C. mark. Ye haue hard to fore howe
the kynges Rebelles were takyn in Kent to the nvmbre of an
Clxix persons, and after many of theym Areyned and adjuged,
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1495 207
of which seid persons to the Nomber of CI. were hanged in Kent
and Essex, Sussex and Northfolk by the Seis syde. Among
whom One of the said prysoners escapid by a wyndowe owte of
a Stabyll at Chelmesford in Essex, and cam vnto Westmynster.
Also the iiijth day of September were brought thrugh the Cite
vnto the Tower certeyn of the forsaid persons, which cam from
ffedryngey1 from the kyng to the nombre of ix ; wherof Belt,
Mounford, and one named White, iij of the said ix. And the
vijtb day of Septembre was lad from Newgate vnto the Tower
hyll a Spaynard called Quyntyne, a ffrensheman called Capteyn
Genyn, and the forsaid Belt, vpon their fifeete; and there
biheded, and aftir their hedes set vpon London Brigge, where
they stood many dayes aftir. And vpon the Satirday next
ensuyng wer lad from Newgate vnto Wappyng in the Wose iiij
Duchemen, and there hanged in the Watir. And the same day f. 156™
vj mo of the said Company were had vnto Tybourn, and ther
hanged. Also in the said moneth of September was a generall
Inquisicion made thrugh oute England, and specially in the
Citie of London, for all men, women and children born w* in the
land of Ireland, and dwellyng w^n this Realme of their namys,
Agis, and ffaculties; which was certified in to the kynges
Exchequyr at Westm'. Also the xiiij day of October began
the parliament holden at Westmynster, which was ended vpon
Seynt Thomas Day, before Cristemasse next folowyng.
Also in the said moneth was an excedyng thunder. And the
same monyth dyed the yongest Doughter of the kyng at his
maner of Eltham, and from thens brought vnto Westmynster,
and buryed vpon the lyfte hand of Seynt Edwardes Awter ;
which seid Doughter was of the Age of iiij yere or therabowte.
Also in the same moneth dyed sir William Husey, Chyef Justice Sir w.
of Englond. And for hym was chosyn and set M. ffyneux. Huse>-
And in the parliament aforsaid was the lord fifytzwater convict
of Treason, albeit the kyng pardoned hym of his lyf. f. 157*0
c- xj r 1 ( Thomas Knesworth ) Ao .0 Dns ffit/.
Sir Henry Colets „ c >A0xi0. water.
J { Henry Somer j J
In this yere the xvj day of November was kept the Sargeauntes The Ser-
ffeste at the Bysshop of Elyes place in Holbourn, where dyned feeaas"nts
1 Fotheringay.
2o8
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the Kyng, the Quene, and all the chyef lordes of England; of
which Sergeauntes to the Lawe then made the names ensue:
Maist'. Mordaunt M. Cunnesby M. ffrowyk
Maist'. Hegham M. Butler M. Oxenbrige
Maist'. Kyngesmyll M. Yakysley M. Cunstable
Also this yere the xxj day of Decembre was the parlyament
ffynysshed, beyng Seynt Thomas day. Also the xvij day of
January, beyng Sonday, at powles Crosse stood ij heretykes w4
ffagottes, which were named Richard Myldenale and James
Sturdy.
t. I57to Also in the latter ende of January it Snewid ij days and ij
a greate nyghtes contynuelly, which cawsed an excedyng greate snowe;
wherupon a greate frost, by occasion wherof the snowe lay long
after ; wherof ensued moreyn of bestes and shepe for lak of
sustynaunce; and this wynter a lood of good hey was worth
xiij s. iiij d., and in many placis in Essex catall dyed for lak of
mete.
A greate Also vpon Candylmesse Evyn, the frost enduryng, was Re-
Lmbassade. ceyuecj intQ London an honorable Ambassade from the Duke
of Burgoyn, which was conveyd by dyvers lordes and Gentilmen
vnto Crosbyes place, and there logged; wherof the chief Man
of theym was called lord Bevir, or otherwyse Erie of Camfere.
Also vpon Sonday folowyng stood at powles crosse a man
disgysed in paynted papers, which was convict of perjury; and
w1 hym an other w4 a ffagot abioured for heresy. And the
Sonday folowyng stood there a woman with a Tapir in her hand
for like mater.
f. ijS™ In the moneth of March dyed the Bisshop of London, and was
buried in powles in the body of the Chirch.
Almandes Also this yere in lent Almandis were sold for xiiij d. a lb.,
at xinj d. a ancj jn ^hende of lent good flaunders heryng was sold for xl d.
a barell.
Also vpon passyon Sonday One Hugh A Glover of Chepe
side stood at pawles crosse for heresy.
Also the xxv day of March stood vpon the pyllery in Cornhill
a Cowper named John Gamelyn for bruyng of wynes, and for
chaungyng of wyne Grekes in to Candy Buttes, wher thrugh
wyne Grekes wer sold for Malveseys.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1495, 1496 209
Also in Aprill was takyn vp wt in the chirch of Seynt Mary Wif of
hill by Billyngesgate a cofyn of Tymber, wherin was found hakney
a corps of a woman hole of Skyn and bonys, her armys and in
ioyntes pliable w* oute perisshyng of skyn or boon; vpon whos the chirch
Sepulture was gravyd that there was buryed the Bodyes of ^a^at
Richard Hakney and Alice his wif; which said Richard Hakney hill,
was shiref of London, as in this Book1 it apperith, the xvth yere
of the Reigne of kyng Edward the Second. f- 158''0
Also in the said moneth of Aprill was concluded an Amyte An Amyte
and Entercourse bitwene this land and fflaunders. And for the ^giand
assurance of the same, above and besyde both the Seales of and ^
either prynces, was graunted dyvers Townys of this land to be
bounde, among the which London was One; and vpon the
Dukes party the quater Membris w1 other ; which sealyng when
it shold haue been perfourmed the Comons of the Cite wold nat
be aggreable that their Seale shuld passe. And all be it that
my lord of Derby, my lord Tresorer, the Chyef Justice of
England, Maister Bray, and the M. of the Rollys, by the kynges
commaundement come vnto Guyldehall to exorte the said
comons for the same, yet in nowise they wold nat be aggreable
that the Towne Seale shuld passe: But besought the said lordes
to graunt vnto theym Respite of vj dayes, trustyng by that
Season to shewe in wrytyng soche Consideracions vnto the
kynges Grace and his Counsaill, that his grace shuld be therwith
well contentid; which was to theym graunted, and thervppon f. is9ro
dyvers billes were dyuysed. Albe it that for the hasty spede
of my lord Chambyrlen, which at that tyme was Redy to departe
to Caleys to kepe suche appoyntement as was before concluded,
The Mayrs seale was taken only as in the maner fifoloweth.
TO alle trewe christen people these present lettres beholdyng obligacio
or heryng, Henry Colet, knyght, nowe Mayr of the Cite of maioris-
London, in the Realme of England, helth in our lord evirlastyng :
where as bitwene the high and myghty Prynce, My soverayn
lord, Henry by the grace of god kyng of England and of ffraunce,
and lord of Ireland, on that one party, and the noble prynce
Philyp, tharchduke of Austry and Duke of Burgoyn, on that
other party, Certayn Treaties of Amyte and Entrecourse of
1 Cotton Vit. A xvi. f. 141'0.
K1NGSFORD P
3IO
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Merchaundysyng and other Comynycacion of Merchauntes con-
cernyng the profite of both prynces their Realmes and Subiettes,
the xxiiijth day of the moneth of fifebruary last past at London
{- I59yo wer ffynally concluded and determyned : KNOWE ye me the said
Henry, at the Request and Commaundement of my said Soverayn
lord, and at the contemplacion of his letters to me in that
byhalve directid and delyuered, of good faith to haue promysed
and me and my heyres to the said Prynce Phelyp Tharchduke,
to his heyres and successours, vnder plegge and bonde of all my
goodes present and to come, to haue bounde and by these
presentes promyse and bynd, that I shall procure Instaunce,
and asmoche as in me is shall doo, that the same my lord the
kyng, his heires and Successours, All the said Entercours and
Amyte and all and synguler in the same conteyned and specified,
well fully and truly shall hold obserue and fulfill, and by his
Subgettes and seruauntes, in that theym concerne and herafter
shall concerne, well and truly shall doo to be holdyn, obserued,
and fulfilled ; and to the contrarient doers, brekers1 of the same,
shall minestre or do to be minestred Justice. In witnesse
wherof the Seale of Armes of me, the said Henry, to these
presentes I haue put: wreten at London the ffirst day of the
Moneth of May in the yer of our lord god, M^CCCiiij^xvj,
And the xjth yer of the Reyne of my said Soverayn lord Henry
the vij2.
f. i6oro And this yere in the moneth of Septembre the kyng of Scottes,
The w1 baner displayd, greate nombre of Scottes Entred iiij myle
Scottes. wtyn this land, and brent housis and cast dovvne ij smale Towers
or pyles, makyng greate bost and brag. But when he vnder-
stood of the lord Nevelles comyng \vt iiij m1 men, and other of
the March party comyng after to haue given hym bataill, At
mydnyght aftir, he wt his people departed in such hast that ovir
the water of Twede, which in his comyng in to this land he was
ij dayes in conveyng, at his Rotournyng home he was, and all
his people, sette ouer in viij owres.
Also in this yere the xijth day of October was Adjugged and
set vpon the pyllery in Cornhill, a yong man, named John
1 This word was inserted subsequently.
2 The scribe wrote originally The yer of Henry the xj. This
was altered in a later hand.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1496
Camell, which falsly by the meane of iiij Boxes of ij Sortes, ij
of theym beyng like of ffassion and quantite, in one of the which
ij boxis was- bedes or other thynges to the value of xxs. or iiij
[? nobles] \ in the matche old nayles and Stones; vpon
which Box stuffed w* the Bedes he wold haue borowed certeyn
money, and soudenly and craftely delyuered the Box w* nayles
and Stones in plegge for the other wt the Bedes ; by meane wherof f. 160™
he had by his owne confession dysseaved dyuers men and women.
Also the Sonday next before at Powles Crosse stood iiij
Lollers wt the Bookes of their lore hangyng abowte theym, Lollers.
which bookes wer, at the tyme of the Sermond, there brent
with the ffagottes that the said lollers bar. And among their
Erronyous oppynyons one was, that the Sacrament of the Awter
was but Materiall breed; And an other was that it was lefull
for a man and woman to be joyned in Maryage all the tymes
of the yere, and no season except.
1496 | John Shaa \ Anno xij<> f. t6i-
Johannes Tatej Ric. Haddon j ^
In this yere the xxiiij day of Octobre beganne a grete coun- Generaii
saill holden at Westmynster by the kyng and his lordes spirituell counsei11,
and temporall, to the which counsaill come certeyn burgises and
merchauntes of all Cities and good Townes of Englond; at which B.A.
Counseill was graunted vnto the kyng for the diffence of the
Scottes cxx m1 li.; which counseill ended the vth day of
Nouembre.
The last day of Octobre was receyved at London Brigge by
the Mair and his Brether an Oratour sent from the pope, which
brought vnto the kyng a Swerde and a Cappe of mayntenaunce ;
which said Oratour was conveid w* many lordes vnto the paleis
of powles, where the kyng at that tyme lay; and all the stretes
as he came from the Brigge to the paleis was garnysshed, wt the
citezens standyng in their lyueries of Craftes. And vpon the
morne, beyng alhalowen day, the kyng went in procession in
Powlis, and the said Cappe and Swerd borne before hym. And
after the procession my lord of Caunterbury, vpon the greese of
Powlis Quere, made a notable proposicion almost of an houres
1 The MS. is badly worn and illegible.
P 3
212
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
space, concernyng the cause of sendyng of the said Cappe and
swerck And the same afternone folowyng was made for a
solempnytie many ffires in dyuers places of the Citie.
f. i6iT0 This yere the xviijth day of Nouembre a seruaunt of the lord
Gray of Wilton strak a seruaunt of a Gentilman w* in Powles
chirch,where thorugh the Chirch was suspended from weddensday
till ffriday at Evensong.
Also vpon the Sonday folowyng was sent from the kyng
M. sir Rignold Bray, with other of the kynges Counsell, to the
Mair to borow of the Citie x m1 li. And vpon the Thursday
next folowyng was graunted by a Comon Counsell to lende to
the kyng iiij m1 li.
The dethe Also the same weke at Caleis was beheded the lord ffitzwater,
ffitzwaterd w^ich before season for his offence had deserued to dye ; albe it
that the kyng of his moost specyall grace pardoned hym of his
lif, commyttyng hym to Guynys, there to haue remayned as
prisoner ; where he wold haue broken prison, ffor the which and
other offences approved ageyn hym he dyed: vpon whose soule
Jhesu haue mercy!
Also this yere, vpon Seint Kateryn's day, by meane of an
insufficient plank liyng from the wharf vnto an Ele ship certeyn
personys to the numbre of vj or vij fyll into the water of
Themmys, of the which a man and a woman wer drowned,
f. 162™ The vth day of Decembre was a proclamacion made, by the
which was enlarged dyuers Actes made in the last parlyament
for dyuers Artificers and laborers.
This yere in the xij dayes of Cristmas was contynuell Rayn,
other in the day or in the nyght or both, except the ffriday
before new yeres day. And this yere the Kyng and Quene kept
their Cristmas at Grenewich.
B. The xvjth day of January began the parliament at Westm', of
Parliament, the which was chosen speker M. Ingelififeld. And in this parlia¬
ment was graunted vnto the kyng for the defence of the Scottes
ij Aydys and ij quyndesmes ; which said ij Aydes were no more
than ij quyndesmes : Albe it that they wer levied vpon mennys
landes and of personys of value of x marc of goodes and above,
In such maner that noon shuld be charged but he that myght
dispend xx s. a yere clerely, or he that was worth x marc in
movable goodes ; which w* in the Citie was levied of euery xx s.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1496, 1497
in lond and so vpward vj d., and the Residew of men, valued at
x marc and aboue, after the Rate as they wer charged at a
fiftene.
And the same season was holden at powlis a Convocacion of
the Spiritualtie, which graunted to the kyng ij dymys and an
half.
And ouer that was lent vnto the kyng for a yere day through f. 162™
all Englond many a greate Sumys of money, wherof the forsaid
Summe of iiij m1 li. lent by the Citie of London as before is said
was parcell of the same ; the hole Summe of all the land borowed
amounted to lviij M1. li. and more.
The xiijth day of Marche was the parliament dissolvid and
fynysshed.
In the latter Ende of May the Comons of Cornewaill assembled An Insnr-
theym in greate numbre, of the which was capeteyn a blak
smyth ; and so came to Exetir, wherfore the kyng in all hast Comons.
departed w4 a few people from Shene Towardes theym. And
where my lord Chamberleyn was before appoynted that at that
season he shuld haue goon north ward for the defence of the
Scottes w4 viij m1 Sowdiours, he was sent by the kyng towardes
the said Cornysshe men; and he departid from the kyng from
Shene the Sonday before Saynt Barnabes day. And the kyng
went from Shene the Monday next folowyng ; and the Quene
w1 my lord of York came vpon Tuesday to Coldharborough, and
there lay till the Monday folowyng, from whens hir grace w*
my said lord of york, of the age of vj yeres or thereaboute, f. 163™
Removed vnto the Toure of London. And vpon the same
Monday certeyn tydynges wer brought vnto the Mair that the
said Comons wer in fernam*, In whose cumpany was the lord
Awdley. And their cumpany was at that day accompted to the
numbre of xv m1 men. And the Tuesday folowyng, which was
the xiijth day of Junii, was a generall Wacche in London. And
the same after none my lord Chamberleyn w4 other knyghtes,
accompanyed wf viij or x m1 horsmen, came vnto hounslow heth,
whether was sent by the Mair certeyn Cartes w* wyne and
vitaile.
And vpon Weddensday, in the tyme of the generall procession,
1 Farnham.
214
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
came certeyn tydynges vnto the Mair that the forsaid Comons
wer at Guylford ; and vpon gille downe the same day certeyn
Sperys of my lord Chamberleyns Cumpany to the numbre of
v C. bekered w' theym, and slew some of theym, and hurt and
toke ij of their Sperys, which ij Spere men wer brought vnto
my lord Chamberleyn. And the Thursday, at nyght after x of
the Clok, the Oost of my lord Chamberleyn came into Saynt
Georges ffelde, and there lay that nyght. And the same Thurs¬
day all the Cornysshe men removed to Bansted Downe, and the
nyght after in to Sussex toward Rayle. And the kyng w4 his
people and Ost lay that nyght aboute Henley vpon Themys.
f. 163™ And the said nyght was Secret Meanes made vnto my lord
Chamberleyn by dyuers of the Cornysshe men, that it wold
please his lordship to be a meane vnto the kynges grace that
the said Comons of Cornwaill myght haue for theym a generall
pardon ; And they wold of a Suyrtie bryng in to my said lord
Chamberleyn the said lord Awdeley, And their other hede
capitayne the Smyth. Vpon the ffriday folowyng in the mornyng,
aboute viij of the Clok, the Ost of my lord Chamberleyn Removed
out of the ffeeld, and went toward Croydon; but they after
Retourned agayn, so that by ij of the Clok they wer all in the
forenamed ffelde of Saynt Georges. And that after none came
also thider the kynges Oste wt many of his lordes. And when
the Mair with his Brethern and all the chief craftes of the Citie
were redy standyng in harneys from the Brigge vnto Graschurche
to Receyve the kyng, which as the Mair had vnderstandyng that
his grace that nyght wold haue comen to the Tower, tydynges
came to the Mayr that the kyng entendid that nyght to lye at
Lambhith, so that then euery man departid home; and the
kyng was after seen in the ffeelde, and abrewyng and comfortyng
of his people, the which wer numbred vpon xxv m1 men. And
the Cornysshe men this after none came agayn vnto the blak
heth, and there pitched their ffeeld, and there lay all that nyght
f. 164™ in greate Agony and variaunce; ffor some of theym were myended
to haue comyn to the kyng, and to hau yolden theym and put
theym fully in his mercy and grace, but the Smyth was of the
Contrary myende. And vpon the mornyng, aboute vj of the
Clok of the Saterday, beyng the xvijth day of Juyn, sir Humfrey
Stanley w4 his Cumpany set vpon theym, and my lord of
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1497 215
Oxinford and other vpon all other partes, so that wMn a short
season, or evir the kyng myght approche the ffeld, they were
distressid; Albe it that my lord Chamberleyn hastid hym in all The
possible wise, in such maner that hym self was in greate daunger, Bkk^ieth!
at whos comyng anon they fledde. And there was taken the
lord Awdley, and a Gentilman called fflammok, and their
Capitayn the Smyth, all three on lyve and vnhurt, and moche
of their people slayn, and many taken prisoners. And this done
the kyng Rode to the place where they had pitched their ffelde.
And aboute ij of the Clok at after none he came over London
Brigge, where at Saynt Magnus Chirch the Mair w4 his brethren
in Scarlet receyved hym, to whom he gave cherefull thankes for
his good diligence of kepyng and orderyng of the Citie, and also
for the plentevous vitailyng of his Ost; after which thankes
geven, in the same place the kyng w1 his owne swerd, which was f. 164™
gird aboute hym, he dubbed the Maire knyght, John Shaa one
of the Shryffes knyght, and the Recorder, Robert Sheffield. And
so from thens Rode vnto powlis, and there offred. And from
thens he went to the Tower, where he loged. And forthwith
was proclamacion made through London, that euery man
havyng eny prisoner shuld bryng forth the prisoner and his
name by ix of the clok vpon Monday folowyng; and euerych
of theym so havyng prisoner or prisoners shuld haue his prisoner
or prisoners Restored, or elles competent Reward for theym.
And after was dyuers of the said Prisoners Sold, some for xij d.
and summe for more. And vpon Monday folowyng the lord
Awdeley, the forsaid flammok, and the Smyth, whos name was
Mychaell Joseph, wer before the kyng and the lordes of his
Counsaill wlin the Tower, and there examyned.
Vpon Midsomerday folowyng the kyng w4in the Tower made
dyuers knyghtes, among the which that other shiref of London
called Richard Haddon was sent for in the mornyng and there
also made knyght.
Ye haue hard before how that the Smyth, Capitayn of the
forsaid Comons of Cornewaill, wer taken at the blak heth w*
many moo, as the lord Awdley, flammok, and many other ; which
said Smyth and fflammok wer vpon the Monday, beyng the f. i65ro
xxvj day of Juyn, Arayned in the White Hall at Westmynster,
and there adiuged; and vpon the morow, Tuesday folowyng,
216
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the said Smyth and fflammok wer drawen from the Tower
through the Citie vnto Tiborn ; and ther hanged till they wer
dede, and after stryken downe, and heded and after quarterid.
And the same day was the lord Awdley had from the Tower
to Westm'. the Axe of the Tower borne byfore hym. And
there in the White hall a-Reyned and adiuged ; and that after
none drawen from Westm' vnto Newgate, and there Remayned
all nyght. And vpon Weddensday in the mornyng, aboute ix
of the Clok, drawen from the said Gaole of Newgate vnto the
Tower hill wt a cote armour vpon hym of papir, all to torne ;
Thedethofand there his hede stryken off: vpon whos Soule, and all
\wdeley chasten g°d haue mercy ! amen ! And after his hede set vpon
the Brigge. The cause of Rysyng of those Comons was after
the Comon ffame for the graunt of swich money as was graunted
at the last parliament, for the which the said Comons put in
blame the Archbisshop of Caunterbury, my lord Cardynall, also
f. 165™ the Archebisshop1 of Durham, the Bisshop of Bathe, Sir Reynold
Bray and Sir Thomas Lovell, knyghtes, wt other ; which persones
their myendes was to have distroyed; this was their owteward
Colour, what their Inward intent was God knoweth, but what
hath ensued of like besynesse is euydent, as by Jak Straw, Jak
Cade, and other.
And vpon Saterday next folowyng was their three hedes set
vpon London Brigge. And the iiij quarters of the forenamed
fflammok wer set vpon iiij Gates of the Citie of London, that
is to wete Ludgate, Newgate, Crepylgate, and Aldrichgate. And
the iiij quarters of the Smyth wer sent into Devenshire and
Cornewaill, as it was Reported. And the Trunke of the lord
Awdley was buryed wt in the chirch of the blak ffreres w*in
Ludgate, fast by the Chapell of the Erie of Worcetir.
]". 166ro This yere aboute Bertilmew tyde was shewed of Credible
persones that in Saynt nede a Towne in Bedford 2 shire and in
the ffeldes there adioynant fill haile Stonys, that were mesured
xviij vnchis aboute, which bete downe the Corn standyng that
it came neuer to good.
Also this year was concluded a Mariage bitwene my Lord
Prynce and one of the doughters of the kyng of Spayn.
1 So in MS.
2 Stow has corrected this to Huntingdon.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1497
217
The ixth day of Septembre, beyng Saterday, was set vpon
the pillery in Cornhill a man for gaderyng of money by a forged
pardon.
This yere Reigned in this Land a wonderful syknesse called
the Spaynyssh pokkes, which contynued vpon mennys bodyes
ij yere or they wer fully healed.
Also this present moneth of Septembre landed in Cornewaill Thetakyng
Perkyn Werbek w4 iij smale Shippes only, and w4 hym to theofParkyn"
numbre of an hundreth or vj score persones, which entred ferther
vnto a Towne called Bodman, where he was accompaned w1 iij
or iiij m1 men of Rascayll and most parte naked men. And
there proclaymed hym silf kyng Richard the iiijth, And Second f- i66v0
Son vnto kyng Edward the iiijth late kyng of Englond.
And vpon Saynt Mathewes day came certeyn tydynges vnto
the Mayre that vpon the Sonday before, beyng the xvijth day
of Septembre, the said Perkyn and his complices assawted the
Citie of Exetir at ij Gates, that is to sey the Northgate and the
East Gate ; where by the power of therle of Devenshire and the
Citezeins he was put of, and to the numbre of CC. men of the
said Perkyns slayn.
And vpon the Monday folowyng he and his people made
a new assawte vpon the said Citie, where agayn they wer put of
to their more Damage. Albeit that they fired the Gates; at
which said Second assawte the Erie of Devenshire was hurt in the
arme w4 an arowe. And when the said Perkyn and his Companye
Sawe they myght not opteyne their purpoos agayn the Citie of
Excetir they w*drew theym toward Taunton ; where vpon the
Weddensday folowyng he mustrid, havyng to the numbre, as
it was said, of viij M1 men ; how be it they wer pore and naked.
And the nyght folowyng aboute mydnyght the said Perkyn w4
lx horsmen accompanyed fled secretly fro the pore Comons
levyng theym amased and disconsolat. And after my Lord f. 167™
Chamberleyn, havyng knowlege of this his departure, sent
toward the Sees side CC. Sperys to Stoppe hym from the See,
and to Serche the Cuntrey yf they myght take hym.
And vpon the ffriday John Heyron, Mercer, which before
tyme had fledde the Citie of London for dette, and one Skelton
w4 one Asteldy, a Scryvainer, which iij persones wer the moost
worthy of his Counseill, came vnto Bewdely, a Sayntwary beside
218
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Southampton ; and there Registred theym self. And in this
while one James a Rover, which had gadered in his cumpanye
to the numbre of vj or vij C. Rebelles, Sechyng the forsaid
Perkyn to haue assisted hym, mette w4 the Provost of Peryn, and
brought hym vnto Taunton aforsaid ; and there in the Market
place slewe hym pytuously, in such wise that he was dismembred
and kutte in many and sundry peces. The cause as it was said
was for that he was one of the Occasioners of the Rebellyng of
the Cornysshe men; for he was one of the commyssioners in
f. i6/ro that Cuntre and gadered, as they said, more money than came
vnto the kynges vse. But what so euer the cause was, foule and
piteously was he murderid ; vpon whose Soule and all Cristen
Jhesu haue mercy ! Amen !
And the Tuesday folowyng came vnto Westmynster a chape-
leyn of the said Perkyn, and one of his Chief Counseill wl other
also to Seynt Martyns; and thus his disciples fled from theyir
fayned Maister; the forsaid preest was named Sir William
Lounde, sumtyme chapeleyn and Stieward of houshold w* Sir
Rauf Hastynges, knyght,from whome full falsly and traytrously
the said preest wtcerteyn money and Juelles to a good Substaunce
stale away from the said Sir Rauf, and so departed ouer the see
vnto the said Perkyn; and there abode still wt hym by the
Space of iij or iiij yeres to the grete trowble and daunger of the
forsaid Sir Rauf Hastynges.
And vpon the Sonday next folowyng came certeyn tydynges
from the kyng vnto the Maire, of the takyng of the said Perkyn
f. i6Sro w1 in the Sayntwary of Bewley aforsaid ; wherfore the Mair, wt
his Brethern assemblid, went forthw1 aboute x of the Clok in
the mornyng vnto poules, and there caused Te Deum to be
solempnly songen, which was the first day of Octobre.
And after this came certeyn writyng vnto the Maire that the
said persone was brought vnto the kynges presence vnto
Taunton, where the kyng pardoned hym of his lif and John
Heron also ; and so from thens he away ted vpon the kynges
grace Rydyng his progresse westward. And vpon Tuesday,
beyng Saynt Lukes Even, the Ouene, comyng from Walsyngham,
came through the Citie Receyved by the Mair and his Brethern
vpon horsbak at Bisshopes Gate. And from thens so conveyed
vnto the warderobe by the blak ffreres, where she loged that
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1497
nyght and the Day folowyng; and from thens to Shene, where
to her Grace was brought, the Saterday before Saynt Symon
and Jude, the wif of Perkyn aforsaid; which said wif was a
Scottissh woman and doughter vnto the Erie of Huntley of
Scotland.
1497 f Barthu. Reed \ Ao ...0
William Purchas, Mercer ( Thomas Wyndoute j
This yere the Saterday, beyng the xviijth day of Nouembre,
the kyng came vnto his manoir of Shene after his long beyng
at Excetir. And vpon the Weddensday folowyng he came by
land to Lambhith, and there toke his Barge and came vnto
Westm'., where the Mair, w* his Brethern, receyved hym in the
paleis, w4 dyuers of the Citesyns to the numbre of iiijxx, of euery
fifeliship a certeyn assigned in their last lyuereys. At which
Season the forsaid Persone Perkyn came also before the kyng,
vpon whome the same season and other dayes folowyng was
moch wond^ryng, and many a Curse throwen at his hede.
Here after ensueth the Confession of the said Perkyn
and Pedygre.
"ffirst it is to be knowen that I was born in the Towne of
Turney1, and my ffaders name is called John2 Osbek; which
said John Osbek was controller of the Towne of Turney. And my f. 169™
moders name is Kateryn de ffaro. And one of my Grauntsires
vpon my ffaders side was called Deryk Osbek, which died ; after
whos deth my grauntmother was maried vnto the w*in named
Petir flamme ; and that other of my grauntsires was called
Petir flam 3, which was Receyvour of the forsaid Towne of Turney
and Deane of the Botemen that be 4 vpon the watir or Ryver of
Leystave5. And my Grauntsire vpon my moders side was
called Petir6 ffaro, the which had in his kepyng the keys of the
Gate of Seynt Johns, wfin the abouenamed Towne of Turney,
Also I had an Vncle named Maister John Stalyn dwellyng in
the parisshe of Saynt Pyas wlin the same Towne, which had
maried my ffaders Sister, whose name was Johane or Jane, w4
whom I dwelled a certeyn season; and afterward I was led by
my moder to Andwarp for to lerne flemmysshe in an house of
1 Turney in Flaunders, Hall. 2 name is John, Hall.
3 Hall omits and that other . . . flam. 4 rowe, Hall.
5 Ryuer, called Leschelde, Hall. 6 was Peter, Hall.
220
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
a Cosyn of myne, officer of the said Towne, called John Stienbek,
w1 whome I was the Space of half a yere. And after that I
retourned agayn vnto Turney by reason of the warres that wer
in fflaunders. And wtin a yere folowyng I was sent w1 a
Merchaunt of the said Towne of Turney named Berlo, and
f. 169™ his Maister's name Alex., to the Marte of Andwarp, where as
I fill syke, which sykenesse contynued vpon me v. monethes1 ;
and the said Berlo set me to boorde in a Skynners hous, that
dwelled beside the hous of the Englessh nacion. And by hym
I was brought from thens to the Barowe Marte2, and loged at the
Signe of thold man, where I abode the space of ij monethes.
And after this the said Berlo set me w1 a merchaunt in Middel-
borough to seruice for to lerne the language, whose name was
John Strewe, w1 whome I dwelled from Cristmas vnto Easter;
and than I went into Portyngale in the Cumpany of Sir Edward
Bramptons wif in a Ship which was called the Quenes Ship.
And whan I was comen thider I was put in seruice to a knyght
that dwelled in Lusshebourne, which was called Petir Vacz de
Cogna, w1 whome I dwelled an hole yere, which said knyght
had but one lye; and than because I desired to se other
f. i7oro Cuntrees I toke licence of hym. And than I put my silf in
seruice w1 a Breton, called Pregent Meno, the which brought me
wk hym into Ireland. And whan we wer there aryved in the
Towne of Corke, they of the Towne, because I was arayed w*
some clothes of silk of my said Maisters, came vnto me and
threped vpon me that I shuld be the Duke of Clarence sone, that
was before tyme at Develyn. And for as moch as I denyed it
there was brought vnto me the holy Euaungelist and the Crosse
by the Mayre of the Towne, which was called John Lewelyn 3;
and there in the presence of hym and other I toke myn Othe
as trouth was that I was not the forsaid Dukes Son, nother of
none of his blood. And after this came vnto me an Englissh
man, whose name was Stefife Poytron, w* one John Water, and
said to me in sweryng grete Othis, that they knew wele I was
kyng Richardes Bastarde Son ; to whome I answerd w* hie4
Othis that I were not. And than they advised me not to be
f. 170™ afferd but that I shuld take it vpon me Boldly, and iff I wold
1 contynued vpon fyue monethes, Hall.
3 le Wellen, Hall.
2 to Barowe marte, Hall.
4 like, Hall.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1497
so do they wold ayde and assiste me w4 all theyr powr agayn
the kyng of Englond ; And not only they, but they were well
assured that therles of Desmond and Kildare shuld do the same,
ffor they forsid not what party1 so that they myght be revenged
vpon the kyng of Englond ; and so agaynst my will made me
to lerne Inglisshe, and taught me what I shuld doo and say.
And after this they called me Duke of York, the Second Son
of kyng Edward the ffourth, because kyng Richardes Bastarde
Son was in the handes of the kyng of Englond. And vpon this
the said John Water, Steffe Poytron, John Tiler, Huberd Bourgh,
w4 many other, as the forsaid Erles, entred into this fals Quarell.
And w'in short tyme after this the ffrensshe kyng sent vnto
me an Embasset2 into Irelond, whose names was loyte Lucas
and Maister Stefifes ffrion 3. to aduertise me to come into ffraunce;
and thens I went into ffraunce, and from thens into fflaunders,
and from fflaunders into Ireland, And from Ireland into Scotland,
and so into Englond."
The Tuesday before Seynt Andrewis day, beyng the xxviij f. 17 iro
day of Nouembre, the sayd Perkyn was conueyd vpon horse bak
thorowh Chepe and Cornehyll vnto the Towr of London; and
after hym was also on horse bak, clad in armittes abyt, a man,
ffast bound hondes and ffete, which some tyme was, as it was
reportyd, Sargeaunt fferrour vnto owir Souerayn Lord the kyng
Henry the vijth, also lad vnto the sayd Towir and ther lefte as
prisoner; which said fferrour departyd oute of the kynges
seruice long tyme before and went vnto the said Perkyn, and
became his seruant and was w4 hym yens and days, and after
the said Perkyns takyng, wand rid abowte in the habit and
ffourme of an Ermyte, and so was takyn and browght vnto the
kyng. And after thys prisoner thus lafte in the Tower the said
Perkyn was conueyd ayen thorwth Candylwyke strete, and so
ageyn thorwth Chepe toward Westmynst'. with many a curse
and wonderyng Inowth. The Monday next ffolowyng, beyng
the iiijth day of Decembre, the forsaid fferrour and one callid
Edwardes, which some tyme had ben in seruice w4 the Quens
grace in the Roume of a yoman, wer drawen from the towir to
1 forced not what parte they tooke, Hall.
2 sent an Ambassador, Hall. 3 Stephyn Fryam, Hall.
232 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Tiborne and ther hangyd ; and the said fferrour hedyd and
quarteryd, and after bothe buryed in the ffrere Austyns : vpon
whos sowlys god haue mercy! Amen !
f. 171™ The Wednysday ffolowyng, beyng Seynt Nicholas Day, in
clamacion mornyng A bowte x of the Clok, was made a Sotempne
of peas with Proclamacion at Leddynaule, and so after thorwth the Cite of
Scotland. Loncion, of a continuell or establyshyd peas bitwene owir
souerayn lord kyng Henry the vijth and the Scottysh kyng, for
the terme of bothe their lyues and either of theym longyst
lyuyng, And A yer after.
Thys yer in the moneth of Decembre the wedercok of the
crosse of Seynt Pawles Stepyll was taken dovvne, and set vppe
Agayn by a Cerpenter of Crystyschurch called Godfrey in the
latter ende of Maii the same yere.
This yere the kyng kept his Cristmasse at his manoir of
Shene ; wher, vpon Seynt Thomas day at nyght in the Cristmasse
Of ffyre at weke abowte nyne of the clok, began A grete ffyre w^n the
kynges logyng, and so contenued vnto xij of the nyght and
more; by violence where of moch and greate part of the olde
byldyng was brent, and moche harme don in hangynes, as Rych
beddys, Costrynges and other, apperteynyng to such a noble
courte; how be it, lowyng to god, no man was nor Cristen
Creatur therby perished ; which was to the kynges Synguler
confort, consideryng the greate and notable court that ther was
holdyn, as fyrst the kyng, the Quene, my lady the kynges moder,
w1 my lord of york, My lady Margaret and dyuers other estates,
f. 172™ This yer vpon Newyers day by the morne did M. John
M. Browne. Browne Aldirman, whos sowle Jhesu haue mercy. And in his
Rome of Aldermanship was chosen and electyd John Wyngar,
Grocer.
le mort de This yere in the moneth of Aprill, abowte xvj day, came
Fraunce.6 veray tydynges vnto the kyng, beyng Est', holy days, that the
frensh kyng was dede.
This yere in the begynnyng of Maii, the kyng beyng at
Canturbury, was brent an heretyk, a prest, which by the kynges
exortacion before his deth was conuertyd from his erowys
opynyons, and died a Cristen man; where of his grace gate
grete honour.
The vth day of the said moneth of Mail was kept at Powles
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1497, 1498 223
A Solempn Dirige or Obsequy fifor the frensh kyng, and on the
morne a Solempn messe, wher offeryd the Meir and his brether
and all the Craftes of the Cite. Ye haue hard before of the OfPerkyn.
takyng of the Perkyn, and his confession and pedigrew; and
how graciously it plesyd the kynges grace to Deale w* hym, and
after kept hym in his court at liberte; which grete benefetes
vpon the said Perkyns party forgotyne, he vpon Trinite Sonday
evyn, vpon Saterday, beyng the ixth day of Junii, aboute Myd-
nygth, stale A way owte of the Court, the kyng beyng then at
Westmynst'., for whom was made grete serch.
The said Perkyn after he was departed, as before is said, went
vnto shene; and ther made swych petyous mocyons vnto the f. 172™
ffader of the plaise, that after he had set hym in Suyr kepyng
went vnto Westmynst'. and ther gate pardon of the kyng for hys
lyffe, and so was browgth Agayne to the kyng. And the
ffryday next folowyng was made wHn the palays at Westmynst'
a scaffold of pipis and of hoggysshedes; and there vpon a peyr
of stakes he was set A good part of the fore none; And ther was
wondred agene vpon, as he had ben ofte tymys before.
And vpon the monday folowyng was a scaffold made in
Chepyssyde, foreagayn the kynges hede, where vpon the said
Perkyn stood from x of the mornyng tyll iij of the clok at
after1 none, where he was excedyngly wondred vpon. And
the same after none abowte thre of the Clok he was browgth
from the said place thorwth Cornhylle vnto the Towir of London,
w* Officers of the Cite and also of the said Towir folowyng.
This yer in the moneth of J ulii fyll hayll in Essex in a vyllage
besyde Walden, wherof the stonys were xiiij onchys abowte.
This yer in the moneth of Julii was Henry Cote, Alderman, by
his awne labour Discharged; and in his Rume and ward was
chysyn Barthu. Rede, shyreve. The said moneth was Repayd
the iiij m1 li. before borowid by the kyng of the Cite of London,
as afore Sweth.
This yer was grete drowte in so moch that from the ffeast of
Estirn vnto the ffirst or begynnyng of Auguste fyll lytyll rayne,
where thorwth the grasse was so sor consumed that a lode of
hey, which before seasons was solde in London for iiij s. or vs., f. 173™
was that yere solde for x s., xij s, and sume for a mark.
1 The writer first wrote Est'.
224
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
This yere the kyng at the besy request and SuppHcacion of
a Straunger Venisian, which by a Caart made hym self expert in
knowyng of the world, caused the kyng to manne a ship w4
vytaill and other necessaries for to seche an Iland, wheryn the
said Straunger Surmysed to be grete comodities; w* which Ship
by the kynges grace so Rygged went iij or iiij moo owte
of Bristowe, the said Straunger beyng conditor of the said
fflete, wheryn dyuers merchauntes, aswell of London as of
Bristowe, aventured goodes and sleight merchandises; which
departed from the West Cuntrey in the begynnyng of Somer,
but to this present moneth came nevir knowlege of their
exployt.
And this yere the Gardeyns, which tyme out of mynde had
been contynued w* out the more gate, wer distroyed; and for
theym made a playne ffeld.
1498 j Thomas Bradbery \ A0 ....0
f. 173™ Sir John Percy vale, Taillour \ Stephyn Jenyns J J '
This yere vpon the morowe next after that the Mair had taken
his charge at Westm'., beyng Tuesday and the xxxa day of the
Moneth of Octobre, my lord Prynce was receyved into the Citie ;
which said Lord Prynce cam w* an honourable Cumpany of
Lordes and knyghtes, whose sword was born through the Citie
by sir Gilbert Talbot, knyght; whom the Mair, w4 his brethern
the Aldremen, met in Chepeside vpon horsbak, standyng in ordur
from friday strete to the old Chaunge, with the Swerd of the
Citie byfore the Mair borne by the swerdberer; And all the
f. 174™ ffelishippes in their last lyuereys standyng from Bisshoppestrete
to Cornhill, and from Cornhill into Chepe vpon that one side of
the strete; the said prince beyng in Crymesyn veluet borduryd
wt Cloth of Gold, And his vj ffolowers clad in Crymesyn veluet
w*out Bordurs; and after the proposicion made vnto hym by
M. Recorder, he gave vnto the Mayr wise and discrete answere
and thankes to the greate comfort of the herers, and so departid
vnto Westm'.
And vpon the Weddensday next folowyng the Mair w4 his
Brethern, aboute the Oure of ix of the Clok before none, went
vnto the Bisshoppis paleis of Salesbury in flete strete, where my
said lord prynce was lodged. And there w4in his Chambre of
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1498, 1499 225
Estate the Mayr presentid vnto hym a pair of gilt Basons
weiyng Ciiijxx viij Vnces di., and a pair of large gilt pottes weiyng
CCCCix oz.; which when the Recorder had besought his grace
to accept that litell and powre gifte tristyng that after they shuld
remembre his grace wl a Bettir, he said these wordes folowyng:
' ffader Maire! I thank you and your Brethern here present of
this greate and kynd remembraunce, which I trist in tyme
commyng to deserue. And forasmoche as I can not give vnto
you accordyng thankes, I shall pray the kynges grace to thank
you, and for my partye I shall not forgete your kyndnesse.'
This yere the viijth day of ffebruarii was one Margaret Clyderowe
for Bawderye set vpon the pilery in Cornhill, and after banysshed
the Towne for ever.
The same day was buryed John Mathew, Aldirman of the f. 174™
Citie of London: whose soule god assoile. And for hym was
chosen Alderman, Thomas Wyndoute, Mercer.
This yere vpon Shrove Tuesday was hangid at Seynt Thomas
Wateryng a yonge ffelowe of the age of xix yeres, which was
son of a Cordwainer dwellyng at the Bulle in Bisshoppesgate
strete; for somoche as he entendid to haue made a new
Rumour and Insurrexcion w^n this lande, callyng and namyng
hym self Erie of Warwyk; where he hynge in his Shirte
from the said Tuesday till the Satirday agayne nyght next
folowyng.
This yere vpon Sonday, beyng the xxiiij day of ffebruary, The birth
was cristened the third sone of our soueraigne lord the kyng at
the ffreres of Grenewiche, and named Edmond. of our
This yere in the moneth of Marche was ended the plee lord^2"6
bitwene the citie and the Brocours Alyauntes ; which said plee kyn£-
had hanged before the kynges Counsell from the tyme of the
lattre Mayraltie of sir Henry Colet till the tyme abouesaid ; and
than was a direccion taken by the kyng and his Counsell for the
space of thre yeres folowyng, that no brocour aliaunt shuld f. 175"
occupie the ffeate of Broocage, but such numbre as at that tyme
was appoynted, where before that tyme of late euery straunger
toke vpon hym the said ffeate that wold, w4out any othe or condi-
cion; where now it was ordeyned that the said numbre shuld not
excede, and that they shuld be by the Mair and his brethern
admytted and sworne, and for their mysdemeanure there after
KINGSFORD Q
226
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
by the said Mair and Aldremen to be correctid; which numbre
was as foloweth
Venysians .... iiij. Lucaners ij-
Janneys iij. and for euery other nacion
Spaynardes .... ij. Reciaunt w^n the Citie
fflorentynes .... iij. of London ij.
Which Ordeinaunce, wt greate labour and diligence of the Mayr
and his brethern, w1 the good and assiduat labour of the
Recorder and other of the Counsell of the Citie, was brought
vnto effect and conclucion.
Also this yere was the Tenement Brewhous called the Swan,
adioynyng to the East ende of Seynt Antonyes in London,
f. 175™ pulled or taken downe; And the Chirch of the said Seynt
Antony enlarged by the space of the said Brewhous, to the
enlargyng wherof and byldyng Sir John Tate, late Mair of the
Citie, gave of his good will grete summys of money.
This yere the last day of May was Buryed sir John ffenkyll,
knyght and Aldereman : vpon whose Soule Jhesu haue mercy!
Amen ! and for hym was chosen Aldereman, sir Richard Haddon,
knyght and Mercer.
This yere, the Sonday beyng the xvj day of Jun, stode at the
Crosse of Povvlis iiij heritikes beryng ffagottes; and vpon the
next Sonday folowyng stode there viij herytykes, which all were
brent vpon the left Cheke, and vpon their garmentes or gownes
was set a Rede Crosse and a Brawderid ffagot, which said
crosse and ffagot they were enjoyned to were all the tyme of
their lyves vpon payne of goyng to the ffyre yf they were founde
w* out the said conysaunce.
f. 176ro This yere in the moneth of Octobre was discharged by his
owne labour Rauf Tynley, Grocer, of his Alderemanship; and
for hym was admytted and elect Stephen Jenyns, tailour.
Gascoyne This yere was good Gascoyne wyne sold for xl s. a Tonne, and
xhslTon. moch left to the shiPmen for height, the plentie was so greate.
Whete iiijs. And whete in the ende of this yere was at iiij s., and bay salt at
Salt xij.s. xjj s> a wey#
1499 f James Welford ) Ao 0
Nicholas Alwyn, Mercer ( Richard Broud J xv *
This yere vpon the Saterday, beyng the xvj day of Nouembre,
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1499 227
was arayned in the White hall at Westmynster Perkyn before Here was
named, the Mayr of Corf1 and his sone, w1 one John Tailour, ^'rbek
which iiij persones ffor certeyn treasons by theym before doon and his
were adiugged to be hanged, drawen, and quartered. adinged.
And vpon the Monday after sate at the Guild hall of London &c-
vpon an Oyer2 determyn the Mayre, w* my lord Chief Juge, w4 f' 176
dyuers other Juges and knyghtes; and there before theym was
endyted viij prisoners of the Tour, among the which was Thomas
Mashborwth, sometyme bowyer vnto kyng Edward, ij Citezeins
of the Citie, that one named ffynche, that other Prowde, and
6 other, which were seruauntes to M. Dygby, Marshall of the
Tour, entendyng aftir the Comon fifame to haue slayn their said
M., and to haue set at libertie therle of Werwyk and Perkyn.
And vpon the Tuysday next ensuyng was arayned in the Comes de
greate hall at Westm'. the said Erie of Warwyk, beyng of the Warwyk-
age of xxiiij yeres or thereaboute ; vpon whome sate for Juge
the Erie of Oxinford, vnder a Cloth of Astate : where wfc out eny
processe of the Lawe the said Erie of Warwyk, for tresons by
hym Confessed and doon, submytted hym to the kynges grace
and mercy; And so was there adiuged to be hangid, drawen and
quartered.
And vpon the satirday folowyng next, beyng seynt Clementes Obitus
day, was drawen from the Tour vnto Tybourne Perkyn ^rbek
or Peter Warbek and one John a Water, some tyme Mair The dethe
of Corf3, as before is said; at which place of ExeCucion f_
was ordeyned a small Scafold, whervpon the said Perkyn
stondyng shewed to the people there in greate multitude beyng
present, that he was a straunger born accordyng vnto his former
confession; and took it vpon his dethe that he was neuer the
persone that he was named for, that is to sey the second son
of kyng Edward the iiijth. And that he was forsed to take
vpon hym by the meanes of the said John a Water and
other, wherof he asked god and the kyng of forgiveness ; after
which confession he took his dethe meekly, and was there
vpon the Galowes hanged ; and with hym the said John a
Water; And whan they were dede, stryken downe, and their
hedes striken of; and after their bodies brought to the fifrere
1 This should be Cork : the error is repeated by Hall.
2 The scribe first wrote Other, but corrected it. 3 Read Cork.
Q 3
228
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Augustynes, and there buryed, and their heedes set after vpon
London Brigge.
The detk of And vpon the Thursday folowyng, which was the xxix day
Erie ofS °f Nouembre, was therle of Werwyk beforesaid brought out of
Warwyk. the Tour bitwene two men, and so ledde vnto the Scaffold and
there beheded ; and after the body w1 the hede leide Into a
Coffyn and born ageyn vnto the Tour ; which execueion was
done bitwene ij and iij of the Clok at after none: vpon whose
f. 177™ Soule and all christen Jhesu haue mercy!
And at the next tyde folowyng the body was conveied by
water vnto Byrsam \ a place of Religion beside Wyndesore, and
there by his Auncesturs entered and buried.
And vpon the ffriday next folowyng, beyng seynt Andrewes
even, Sat ageyn at the Guyld hall the Mair, w* the Chief Justice
and other Juges and knyghtes ; before whom was arayned the
fore named viij prisoners for lyf and deth, beyng charged one
Quest w4 v prisoners, and that other enquest w* iij ; of the
which said viij persones, iiij of theym named Strangwissh,
Blowet, Astwood, and long Roger were adiuged to be hanged,
drawyn and quartered; which Jugement was given vpon seynt
Andrewes day, the Mayre and the forsaid Juges there agayn
sittyng.
And vpon Monday folowyng, sittyng at the said place the
said Justices, was brought before theym the fore named ffynch,
Girdeler, and there Juged in like maner.
f. 178*"° And vpon Weddensday next ensuyng was drawen from the
Tour vnto Tiborn the forenamed Blewet and Astwode, both
vpon one herdell ; and there hanged, and after heded, and their
bodies brought vnto the ffreres Augustynes, and there buryed;
which forenamed Astwod was, in the yere that Richard Chawry
was mayre, drawen w* other transgressours from Westm'. vnto
the Towre hill there to haue been beheded ; whome the kyng
at that season, of his most bountevous grace, pardoned ; wherfore
as now his offence was the more heynous and Grevous.
The yere of This year, at the fifeaste of the Natyvytie of our Lord Jhesu
Kome.at Crist> beganne the yere of grace or Jubylie at Rome, which
endured so till Cristmas next folowyng. Duryng the which
1 i. e. Bisham Abbey.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1499, 1500 229
Jubiliee all the pardoners of Englond were annullid, and as it
is to presuppose In likewise in other landes.
This yere the Kyng and the Quene in the begynnyng of the
Moneth of May went or sailed ovir from Dovir to Caleis, and
there taryed certeyn dayes; and so retourned the Tuysday next
after Trynyte Sonday, or the xvjth day of Juyn.
Also this yere in the said moneth of May and the vjth day of f. 178™
the said moneth was graunted by Auctorytie of a Comon
Counsell w4in the Citie of London a Quindecim and an half, for
to prepair certeyn pageantes and other charges agayne the
comyng of Dame Kateryn, Doughter of the kyng of Spayn.
Also this yere the xxiiij day of May were obioured at Powles
Crosse two heretykes doyng the opyn penaunce.
Here ensueth a copy of a lettre sent by the kyng to the Mair
of London and his brethern from Caleis.
To our Trusty and welbeloued the Mair, and his
Bretheren of our Citie of London.
By the Kyng.
Trusty and welbeloued, we grete you wele,. and sithen
our lettres lately adressid vnto you vpon our newis and
passe tymes we, remembryng the honourable ambassade sent
vnto vs from our Cosyn the archduke of Burgoyne and his herty f. 179™
curteys and lovyng offres in all such thynges that myght be for
our disport and pleasure, and heryng also that he was comyng
to his Towne of Seynt Omyrs, considerid right wele that it stode
w1 our honour to give vnto hym our thankes accordyngly for
the Sonde of his said Ambassade, and the kynde and Lovyng
offrees made vnto vs on his behalf; fTor the which consideracion
we sent vnto our said Cosyn In especyall Ambassade our Right
Trusty Counsellours, the Lord of Seynt Johans, and our Secretary,
which were Receyved by many honourable personages w*out the
Towne of Saynt Omers. And in the morowe, Ascension Day,
our said Ambassadours wer receyved vnto the presence of our
said Cosyn, which receyved theym in such honourable wise that
the like therof hath not be seen In tyme passed, Givyng vnto
theym Right Lovyng and ffavorable Audience in their matirs
proposed in our behalf, and right tenderly accepted the same.
In so moche that our said Cousyn led the said lord of Saynt
230
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Johans on his right hande, and our Secretary on the lift hand,
goyng on ffote to the place where he took his hors, and so Rode
through the said Towne bitwixt theym both in the sight of all
the people than beyng there. And in likewise led theym in the
Chirch in his Retourne from masse. And also Rood bitwene
f- I79't theym towardes his logyng, Shewyng vnto theym that he takith
vs as his patrone, fadir, and Protectour, And also for that prynce,
in whome is all his specyall trust and confidence. Offryng also,
that yf there were any thyng that myght be to thagmentacion
and encreace of the love, Amyte, and confederacion betwixt vs,
he woll right gladly confourme hym therevnto. Ovir this, our
said Cosyn vpon Saterday last passed sent Eftsones vnto vs
othir honourable personages in Ambassade, as his second Cham-
berlayn and knyght of the Toyson, The Maister of his Requestes,
and his Tresorer generall, which in semblable wise haue full
lovyngly yoven vnto vs herty thankes on our said Cosyn's behalf
for the sendyng of our said Ambassade. Shewyng also that for
the tendre zele and affectionat mynde that he bereth vnto vs
before all other prynces, w* his greate desire to se vs and to
haue personall cominicacion w* vs at such tyme and place by vs
booth to be appoynted, he auaunced his Journey by the space
of L. leages nere towardes vs, and came to his said Towne of
Saynt Omers; which Ambassadours shew also, on our said
1. 180™ Cosyn's behalf, how that he taketh vs for his patrone, ffader, and
protectour, as is abouesaid ; not only Instauntly desiryng to
come and se vs as before is specified, w1 suche numbre and
cumpany as we will assigne vnto hym, but also doo vnto vs
all the pleasure and service that shall lye in hym, Avt as herty
and lovyng wordes as cowde be spoken. And ferthermore for
the greate trust and synguler confidence that our said cosyn
hath in vs, he wold haue comen vnto this our Towne of Caleis
for the perfourmyng of his said desire, yf he had not denyed
heretofore vnto our cosyn, the ffrensh kyng, vpon right greate
consideracions to come at his Instaunce Into eny his walled
Townes or ffortresses. And for the consequence that may ensue
yf he shuld entre into our said Towne, which myght be presedent
to the ffrensh kyng to cause hym hereafter to give hym like
metyng wHn any his Townes, Our said Cosyn hath desired vs
to haue the said metyng w*in our pale and marchies as fferre as
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1500
231
to Saynt Petirs Chirch, on Monday or Tuesday in the Whitson-
weke, or there aboute. And at our metyng our said Cosyn, as
we vnderstonde by the Report of our said Ambassadours vpon
large Overture made vnto theym by dyuers honourable persones
of his Counseill at their last beyng with our said Cosyn, en-
tendeth to haue cominicacion with vs as well for Allyaunce of f. i8oTO
Mariages to be concluded bitwene our right entirely beloued
Sone the Duke of York and his doughter, And our right dere
second doughter and his Sone and heyre, as for other maters
concernyng the Encreace and Augmentacion of such Amytie
and consideracion as is concluded bitwene us both ; which of
lyklyhode shall take good effect hereafter by reason of our said
metyng. And all be it that we entendid to haue kept our
Whitsontyde at our Citie of Caunterbury, yit the consideracion
of the promyssis, w1 thynstant desire of our said Cosyn, hath
moved vs to tary here the lenger. Not doubtyng w1 goddes
grace but some good effect shall growe vpon the same to our
honour and pleasure: we have also nowe of late Receyved ij
lettres at dyuers tymes sent from our Cosyn the kyng of
Romayns, which shewe at large of the newys of Italie and of
the takyng of the Duke of Melayn; and ovir that, dyuers and
honourable persones Resort hider daily from sundry Cuntreys
to se vs. Ovir this, our Cosyn, the ffrenssh kyng, hath sent vnto
us a Squyer, one of the Maisters of his horsis, w1 his Right
kynde and lovyng lettres, Signifiyng vnto vs by the same that f. i8iro
he hath writen to the lord Gruthus, lyeutenaunt and governour
of Pycardy, and the lord Mervyliers, baylif of Amyas, to come
and visite vs, and offre vnto vs in his name all the honour,
pleasure, and service that may be doon by theym or eny of his
Subiettes, in like maner and fourme as they wold doo to his
awne persone. And as other newes come we shall aduertise
you of the same. Yoven vnder our signet, at our Towne of
Caleis, the second day of Juyn.
Also this yere, the ffriday next folowyng Whitson Sonday, The deth of
died at a place of the Bisshop of Elys, called hatfeld, vpon a ^kynges
xx myle from London, my lord Edmond, yongest Sone vnto »jde Son-
the kyng, and the third Sone: vpon whose Soule and all
Christen Jhesu haue mercy ! Amen !
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
And the Monday, beyng the xxij day of Juyn, was the Corps
of the said lord Edmond brought and conveyed honourably
through fflete strete wt many noble personages, the Duke of
Bokyngham beyng the Chief mournour, the Mair and all the
Craftes In their lyuereys standyng in ffletestrete after their
orders; and the said Corse so conveyed in a Chare, and all the
mournours Ridyng toward Westmynster, where he was the said
day buried by the Shryne of Saynt Edward,
f. 181T0 This yere in the Moneth of Juyn was a Towne in the Countie
of Norff. Brent, called Babram.
The yere, the Monday before Mary Magdaleyn Day and the
xx11 day of the moneth of Juyll, was brent in Smythfeld an old
man for heresye.
A greate In this yere Reigned the greate Syknesse, wherof dyed wHn
the Citie of London moch people of all maner of Ages.
The deth of Also this yere in the begynnyng of the moneth of Octobre
Morton departed out of this world Doctour Moreton, Archebisshop of
Bisshop of Caunterbury, Cardynall, Chaunceler and prymat of this Reame,
bliry< a man worthi of memory for his many greate Actes and specially
for his greate wisdom, which contynued to the tyme of his
Discease, passyng the yeres of iiijxx and odde ; in our tyme
was no man lyke to be compared wfc hym in all thynges; Albeit
that he lyved not w'oute the greate Disdayn and greate haterede
of the Comons of this land ; his body is entered at Caunterbury,
caryed from Knoll, where he died: vpon whos Soule and all
Christen Jhesu haue mercy ! AMEN !1
f t82" . 1500 i Johannes Hawys ) Ao -0
Willelmus Remyngton, piscenar' ( Willelmus Stede J ^ '
This yere the nyght folowyng the xxj day of Decembre was,
bitwene Midnyght and ij of the Clok, a passyng and a wonderfull
Thunder, consideryng the season of the yere.
1 A much later hand has written at the foot of f. i8ivo
letentur celi quod Morten transit ab Ely,
Simonis aduentum flent in Kent millia centum.
It is founded on a distich composed for Si?non Langham, who like Morton
was successively Bishop of Ely, Archbishop of Canterbury and Cardinal.
The original ran as follows:
Exultent celi quia Simon transit ab Ely,
Cuius in adventum flent in Kent millia centum.
The point tf/" Simonis in the sixtee7ith-century couplet is obscure.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1500, 1501
The xxxli day of January of this yere was brought vnto the
Gray ffreres of London the Corps of the right worshipfull Sir
John Dynham, Tresorer of Englond, there to be buryed : vpon
whose Soule and all Christen Jhesu haue mercy ! Amen !
In the same yere and moneth died the Bisshop of Wynchestre,
which newely was chosen Bisshop of Canterbury.
Also this yere came certayn Tydynges to the kyng, that the Modon.
Turke had goton the Towne of Modon, and made grete Dis-
truccion of the Cristen.
And in this moneth abouesaid was sent from the pope a lettre
or bryef of Requeste made to the kyng for Ayd agayne the same
Turke.
In this yere the kyng, after he had ffynysshed a greate parte f. 182™
of the buyldyng of his Manoir of Shene, which as before is said
was consumed by ffire, fifor consideracion that in the tyme of ]>e
said brennyng greate substaunce of Richesse, as well in Juelles
and other thynges of Richesse, was perisshed and lost; And
also that the Reedifiyng of the said Manoir had cost, and after
shuld cost or it wer pursued, grete and notable sumes of money,
where before that season it was ones called or named Shene,
ffrom this tyme forward it was commaunded by the kyng that
it shuld be called or named Rich mount.
In this yere bitwene Easter and Midsomer by the Subtilite A scarsite
and crafty dealyng of the Bakers was greate Scarcete of &cBreed'
brede w4in the Citie of London ; and yet plentie of whete
lakked not, for whan it was deerest it exceded not xj s. iiij d.
a quarter.
Also this yere vpon the xvj day of Juyn, in the nyght, was
a wonderfull and greate wynde to be hard in that season of
the yere.
In this yere in the moneth of August departed Secretely out f. 183™
of the lond the Erie of Suff., and so sailed vnto fraunce, where d^LaPole.
he accompanyed hym with Sir Robert Cursun, knyght, before
season in like maner departed ; ffor the which the kyng charged
all officers, as serchers and other, to make due serche euery man
in his Cuntre to se that noon other in like maner departed his
land w'oute his licence.
In this yere the xxiiij day of Septembre was set vpon the A colier set
pillery in Cornhill oon Edmond Atherige, Colyer of Eggewar, pfiieryhfor
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
seiiyng of for sellyng of Colis not kepyng the full mesure ; and dyuers of
Cotes. sakkes were brent vnder hym.
In this yere, vpon the day of Saynt ffraunceis or the iiijth day
of Octobre, came first certeyn Tidynges to London that Dame
Kateryn, Doughter of the kyng of Spayne, was landed at
plumoth; which by report shuld lond the Saterday before,
beyng the second day of the said moneth.
And this yere was the outward werk of Saynt Antonyes
Chirch ended, at the Cost of the Right Worshipfull Sir John
Tate, Knyght and Alderman of London.
f. 183-0 Sir John Shaa, Aurifaber j Henr^Hede Aylmef } A0 xvij0.
The first This man caused all his brethern, the Aldremen, to Ride from
aTyeldhan" Guylde hall vnto the Crane in the Vyntry, and there to take
their Barge, And ageyn at their landyng to take their horses
and to Ride to guild hall, where as at all tymes before, Syne
the tyme of John Norman, Mair, the said Mair and his Brethern
were accustumed to goo on ffote to the said Crane in the Vyntry,
and after their Retourne from Westmynster agayne on ffote to
such place as their dyner was ordeyned for.
Also this man kept his dyner at the said Guyld hall, which
was the first tyme that euer eny there was kept or holden.
prince This yere, the Tuesday before Seynt Martyns Day or the ixth
cameTn to ^ay of Nouembre, my lord prynce w* a goodly cumpany came
London. In through fflete strete; And so in to Powles Chirch yerd and
there tourned vnto the kynges warderobe, where he was loged.
f. i84ro And the same day the pryncesse came vnto Lambhith, where
And the she and hir cumpany was also loged.
cameto Vpon ffriday next folowyng, aboute ij of the Clok at after
Lambe- none, came the said Pryncesse into the Citie of London, Ac-
He/com- comPanyed w* many Astates and goodly galontes Apparayled
yng into in most costly and godly aray; where she was receyved w*
and the moost Triumphe of the Mayre and the Citezeins, as by vj
--of pagentes folowyng appereth. And first at London Brigge was
The pagent ordeyned a goodly pagent and costlewe, of karvyn werke
Br£ge.d0n Paynted and gilt in most costle maner, standyng vpon the
Drawe brigge ; wherein were set ij personages princypall. that
oon representyng Saynt Kateryn, and that other of Saynt
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501 235
Vrsula, wl dyuers livyng virgins ; the which Kateryn and Vrsula
had spechis as foloweth :—
The speche of Saynt Kateryn.
Ne graue sit patrias, Katerina, Relinquere sedes,
Plus tibi Splendoris Regna aliena dabunt.
I, Kateryn of the Court Celestyall, lS4vt
Where as is Joy and perdurable blisse,
ffrom whens all grace and comfort doth and shall
Alwey procede, for very love, I wisse,
Am come to you, fair lady, sithe that this
Into this Citie ys your first resort,
To welcome you, Ayde, assist and comfort.
I remembre wele1 In your first Entre
Into this world the trust and affeccion
That ye and your ffrendes bare toward me;
In your baptyme to be shild and proteccion
Not of adventure but of fre eleccion
Ye took this name Kateryn for very trist and love,
Which name is Regestred in the high Court aboue.
And as I halp you to Crist, your first make2,
So haue I purveid a Second Spowse trewe;
But ye for hym the first shall not forsake,
Love your first spouse chief, and after that your newe,
And these Rewardes therof shall ensue,
With the Second an honour temporall,
And w4 the first glory perpetuall.
Hold on your way and you shall sone espye f. is?™
A goodly castell, wherof the Capeteyn
Is wise and ffamous, called Polycy;
W*out whose help all they that thynk to Reign
Or long to prosper, labour all in vayn;
Polycy to Honour will you strete convey ;
Hast you therfore! god spede you on your wey!
1 I remember well, Lady, Antiquaria7i Repertory (=A.). 2 mate, A.
S36
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
The Spech of Saynt Vrsula.
Sis felix, Katerina, meis ffaustusque Britannis,
Sidus nam Tute hijs hisperus alter eris.
Madame Kateryn, because that I and ye
Be comyn of noble blood of this land,
Of Lancastre, which is not oonly of Amyte
The cause but also a ferme band
Bitwene you and this Realme to stand,
Nature shall move vs to love alwey,
As two comyn 1 out of one Cuntrey.
f ,s5yo Trouth it is that out of my lignage came
Arthure, the wise, noble, and vayllant kyng,
That in this Region was first of his name,
And for his strength, honour and all thyng
Mete for his astate, he was resemblyng
Arthure, the noble signe in heven,
Beawtie of the North w* bright Sterres seven.
Vnto the kyng strong, famous, and prudent,
Nere kyn am I and named am Vrsula,
By which name I also represent
Another Image called Mynor Vrsa,
That other wise is called Cinosura,
Set fast by Arthur w4 other sterres bright
Gyvyng grete comfort to Travellers by nyght.
As Arthure your Spouse, than the second now
Succedeth the first Arthure in dignite,
So in like wise, Madam Kateryn, you
As second vrsula shall succede me;
Wherfore go now to polycy, for he
Shortly to honour shall se you conveied,
So as my Sister Kateryn hath seid2.
f. i86ro Then she departed thens, and so Rode forth till she came
inhGracfousinto Graces strete, where was ordeyned a goodly pagent like
Strete. „ , ,
1 common, A. * hath to you saied, A.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
237
vnto a castell, paynted and gylded in right costyous wise. In
this castell stode a man Arayed like a Senatour, and expressed
this Speche as ffoloweth ; which was named Polycy:—
Est Sana virtuti Arx hec nec non nobilitati,
Sed sine me nullus hue patet Introitus.
Who openeth these gates ? What! opened they alone ?
What meaneth this ? O ! now I se wele why.
The bright Sterre of Spayn, Esperus, on them Shone,
Whos goodly Beamys hath persed mightely
Through this Castell to bryng this good Lady,
Whos prosperous comyng shall right ioyfull be
Both vnto noblesse, vertu, and vnto me.
Welcome ye be, right excellent pryncesse,
And more welcome for that I, Pollycy,
Se and in you tokenes of vertue and noblesse,
Two thynges to the comon wele Right necessary1;
And that to the comon wele I haue a synguler Joy2,
Therfore I me enforce alwey to the encreas
Of these two thynges, vertue and noblesse.
Then, forasmoch as I perceyve and se f. J86*0
You disposed to noblesse and Vertue,
Ye seme right apte to haue Auctorytie
W*in this Reame, wherfore, as it is due,
I counselle you to labour and pursue
To theym two now beyng in this Toure,
And there shalbe while I am governoure.
The Spech of Noblesse w^n the said Castell.
Si Virtus absit, census, genus, atque potestas
Nil preter nomen nobilitatis habens3.
Madame, sith ye haue entred the gates of Pollycy,
And the presence approched of me, noblesse,
To vertue streight ye shall be led therby;
1 wele necessary, A.
2 ihe, i. e. eye, A.
3 Read habent.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
For this is trouth, no maner man douteles
Can me and vertue suerly attayne, onlesse
That he of pollycy entre first the gate,
fifor we in no wise may be separate.
Wherfore, madame, me thynketh1 very good
With me noblesse to haue acquayntaunce,
Because ye be come of noble blood;
And therfore now myself I shall avaunce,
As I am bound, wl all my puyssaunce,
You to Convey to Vertu, In generall
Distyngued in Theoryk and Cardynall.
Vertue apperteyneth vnto euery astate,
As well to noble as to ffblk of lowe degre,
But yit the noble after an other Rate
Be apployed of their Right propertie
To be vertuous and to haue Ragalye,
Guydyng the people by strength for defence
Of theym and theyrs by synguler prudence.
Prese forth to vertue, she is debonayr,
Tretable and meke, takyng no disdayn
Of no creature that to her will Repair;
Ye shall her purchace, and that wt litle payn;
But wtout her and me all labur is in vayn:
To come to honour, therfore I shall provide
That Vertue to honour shall be your guyde.
The spech of Vertue w^n the said Castell.
Si tibi virtutem, licet absint cetera, solam
Conciliabis, erit Nobilitate nimis.
Trouth it is that nobles, Lady Katcryn,
V^out me, vertue, will not acheved be;
Who that one will haue that other must wynne2,
But all the craft is to fall in wfc me,
I am so straunge that many fro me fie,
ffor I, Vertue, my silf alwey adresse
To thynges of greate difficultie and hardnesse.
1 thinke it, A. 2 must he wynne, A.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
239
But notwithstandyng, madame, it \ shall ye f. 187™
Wynne me w4 more ease than other shall;
ffor men in you may wele perceyve and se
A verry disposicion naturall,
Apte to receyve euery vertue cardynall,
And therfore w4 lesse labour and payne
to myn acquayntaunce ye shall wele attayne.
Moreouer, the excellent disposicion
Of your dere spouse, the noble prynce Arthure,
So toward is, So goodly of Condicion,
That your disposicions clene and pure
Joyned to-gidre, ye must nedis be sure
of myn Acquayntaunce, and thereby Aspire
To Noblesse here, whos favour ye desire.
Of these maters to you shall pronounce,
Or it be long, not only an Aungell,
But also your kynnesman kyng Alphounce,
Which of Astronymy was the verrey well,
And of your ffate the disposicion can tell;
Hym shall ye mete, w4 other mo elect,
That Toward your said Spouse shall2 direct.
Whan this speche was ended she Rode fforth to ledenhall f. i88ro
. The
corner, and there turned downe to the Conduyt In Cornhill, pageant jn
where was ordeyned a Costlew pagent w4 a volvell by the which Cornhill.
the xij signes moved aboute the zodiak, and the mone shewed
her course of light and dirknesse. And ouer that voluell Sat,
in a stage or pynnacle, Raphaell the Archangell; And vnder
the voluell vpon a sate sat iij Astates, Alphons, Job, and Boecius,
called Astronomers.
The spech of Raphaell w^n the voluell.
Corpora spiritibus Reddit deus, ymaque summis,
Nil fiat vt noster3 absque ministerio.
Though Philyzophers of god knowlege did opteyn
By the meane of Creatures, yit be ye sure,
This knowlege was nevir hadde sufficient and playne
1 yet, A. 2 shall you, A. 3 The sense seems to require nostro.
24°
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
But by the techyng of Aungell, more parfight and pure
Than the Instruccion of any bodely creature;
They be goddes messangers, that oonly can
Declare such hevenly Misteryes to man.
f. 188™ Who taught the Prophetes and Patriarchis
The Vnytie of god and Trinite of persone?
Who enfourmed theym in the mervelous werkes
Of Cristes Incarnacion, but aungell alone?
Angell, through1 the providence that god in his Trone
Hath ovir all Creatures, aswell lowe as hye,
Which providence dyuers phylosophers denye.
Madame, we be mynysters of goddes providence,
Whom almyghty god to his people doth send
To give theym Instruccion, ayde and assistence.
Also god doth eche man at his birth commend
To his propre Aungell, to socour and defend;
Eke Cities and Realmes tharchangelis2 that move
These Orbes and speris In the Regions aboue.
Moreouer I, Raphaell, one of the vij,
Alway standyng in goddes high presence,
Haue a speciall 3 charge to me given
Ovir mariages by goddes providence,
To be made for loue, w4 vertue and reuerence,
fifor procreacion of Childer after goddes precept,
Not for censuall lust and appetite to be kept.
f- I§9ro Wherfore agayn your mariage I come hither
To se you coupled to your noble make,
In like maner as I brought to-gidre
Thoby and Sara, oonly for vertues sake;
Wherfore, madame, your way now may ye take,
And ye shall shortly of your Spouse Arthure
Se a more parfight and expresse fygure.
1 taught, A. 2 to Archaungells, A. 3 especiall, A.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
The spech of Alphouns.
Longa Resarcito Arthur! post tempora Regno,
Hue te venturum Sidera prodiderant.
Doughter Kateryn, I, Alphons, Remembre
Certeyn constellacions passid many a day
Shewyng a goodly pryncesse yong and tendre
Of myn Issue shuld from her owne contrey
Toward northewest take a greate iourney;
And to a noble prynce shuld there maried be
Aspryng1 to honour and Dignytie.
Doughter, the same2 signyfiour of kynges
Entryng the Sagittary and his Triplicitie,
To whos coniuncion approximat is
Esperous, and Arthure, the signyfiour, as we se,
ffor the more parte in the same hous to be.
loo! Lady Kateryn, these tokyns signyfie,
What dignytie ye shall opteyne, where and why.
Ye shall acchieve the dignytie of a quene,
By meane of Mariage in this noble land,
The land of Sagittary, as is Evedently seen
By the effect therof, and it doth subiect stand
Vnder the ffyry circumference and band.
Wele may ye Joy, whom the hevens assure
So prosperous felicite long to endure.
And for more concordaunce ye shall vnderstand,
Ye, lady, bere the badge of Sagittary,
Sumtyme the auncient Armes of this land,
As appereth by blason of Auctorytie ;
And by the same signe, opteyned victory
Of enemyes, their number beyng greate;
And no mervaill that sine is so mete.
It is that 3 signe, that noble prynce Arthure
Was borne vnder, your spouse fortunate ;
In triplicitie of the lyon sure
1 assuring, A.
KINGSFORD
2 sonne, A.
R
3 the,
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
His hous domyfied1, and so procreate ;
It is the signyfier of greate astate,
And is of Jupiter, the hous formid 2 of heven,
In which aspectes and signe ye comyn Evyn.
Therefore I see wele by experience
The tyme is come, wherof3 right glad am I.
And Eke the hevyns, by goddes high providence4,
Doth the same thyng assure and Ratifie;
As your silf may se here Evidently,
Beholdyng Arthure in his hevenly spere
Signyfiour of your noble Spouse so dere.
To whoos said signyfiour the bodies celestiall
Stand very benyvolent and freendly direct;
And eke your owne sterre, Hesperous, especiall
Hath of euery planet Right prosperous aspect;
Which Signyfieth verray ffortunat effect,
To ffolowe vpon your noble mariage
To prynce Arthur's worthy personage.
The speche of Job,
Contemplar deum pocius quam sidera, nam ille
Presidet omnibus hiis Munificeque Regit.
It is to Vertu full good and necessary
The astronomy of the Phylysophers,
But not w'standyng, Madame, yit shall I
Shew you an other Astronymy that is
More necessary to be knowen; and it is this,
To knew hym silf, that created and wrought
Hevyn, erthe, and all creatures of nought.
Alfons hath shewed you the hevenly bodies
for your comfort, and of your Spouse a ffigure;
But now, madame, loke vp above all this,
damnified, A. 2 fortune, A. 3 A. omits wherof. 4 prudens, A
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
243
And ye shall fynd a more specyall pleasure
To know and behold the greate lord of nature,
All myghty god, that creat and wrought
Arthur, Hesperus and all thyng1 of nought.
It is the Sune of Justice, the erth elumynyng, f- i9iro
That2 is the verray Hesperous, that shone so bright
In the west, to our comfort, by his deth fallyng;
This is the lyon of Juda, that venquysshed in fight,
Rysyng from deth to lif by his own might;
This is Arthure, enlumynyng eche coste
W4 vij bright sterres, vij giftes of the holy goste.
Which hath not knyt Arthure and Hesperous oonly
To-guyder, as Alphons, your kynnesman, hath said ;
But also by goddes providence almyghty
His predestinacion and grace thereto laid,
To be ioyned in mariage w* his help and ayde,
ffor concordaunce of the Cardynall vertue
Of Attemperaunce 3 atwene your spouse and you.
The speche of Boecius.
Pulcrum est nosce deum, solem, lumenque; set hec quid,
Si tute ignores, vtilitatis habent.
Madame, as the noble Alphons, kyng,
Hath evidently shewed by good argument
In Astronomy, how that in euery4 thyng
The hevenly bodies right benyvolent
Stand in Aspectis full equivolent,
Euerych, fortunat In his Region,
Disposid to your Mariage and vnyon.
Right so Job, expert in Dyuynytie, f. 191™
ffor convenyentes found in your personage,
Hath shewed and proved by auctorytie,
1 all the heven, A. 2 this, A. 3 a temperance, A,
4 In Astronomy brought that euery, A.
R %
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That ye and your Spouse ought in mariage
Be ioyned as two of Royall parage,
To goddes pleasure and effectes naturall
ffirst caused in the Bodies spirituall.
Of the first cause that1 procedeth the second
Lynked and knyt by a golden cheyn ;
The effectes, I meane, that you shall make habound 2,
In honour and dignytie for euer to Reigne,
Wherfore of Reason we thre accord certeyn,
Astronomer, philysopher, and devyne,
You to be ioyned, and so we all determyne.
The After thise speches this ended, she passed through and so vnto
ayenst"1 Chepe, where foragayne Soperlane was set the iiijth pagent, In
SoperLane. maner of an heven, wheryn was paynted the xij signes, and ouer
theym was Arthure, clene armed, in his Golden Chare. And in
the compas of the firmament wer iij yong stripelinges of the age
of xij or xiiij yeres, clene armed, the which went evir by avice
toward the chare of Arthur, but they neuer passed a certeyn
height; vnder these iij Childer Sat certeyn personys, among
which one representyng the persone of ffroneas 3 had this spech
folowyng:—
f. 192™ Voluitur Arthuri Triga aurea cardine semper
Inmoto, nec Aquis mergitur Hesperiis.
Welcome! fair Lady, fayrer than Hesperus,
Welcome, noble pryncesse, vnto Britayn !
The lond of Arthure, your spouse most bountevous,
Whose expresse Image and figure certeyn
Ye may behold all armed, not in vayn
W* corporall Armour only but in like wise
Wt the spirituell Armour of Justice.
Which Armour of Justice, as the prophet seith,
Is of euery Realme the pesible conserviture;
Wherfore as ye se here this Chare on height
1 than, A. 2 a bande, A. 3 This word is not clear.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
245
Standith in his compas alwey ferm and sure,
Lyke wise the Realme of your worthy spouse Arthure
Shynyng in vertue shall stonde perpetually
W4 the 1 compase of his noble progeny.
Wherefore, Madame, gretely reioyse ye may,
ffor whos mariage of a speciall ffavour
It pleasid hath almyghty god to purvey
A prynce of all prynces the verey fflour,
W* whom ye shall aspire to greate honour;
Go ye forth to the ioyfull semblaunce now
Of the mariage bitwene your Spouse and you.
After this spech ended she Rode Toward Powles, but whan f. i92vo
she came ageyn the standard in Chepe there was ordeyned ^ thfeant
a right Costlew pagent, after an heven w* vij Candelstikkes of gold standerd in
and candelles of wax on theym brennyng, And a man goodlike Chepe_
apparailed representyng the ffader of heven. The which had
a speche, as ffoloweth. In an hous, wheryn than dwellyd
William Geffrey, haberdassher, stood the kyng, the Quene and
many grete astates of the Realme.
Hunc veneram Locum sexteno Lumine septum,
Dignumque Arthuri' totidem Astra micant.
I am begynnynge and ende, that made eche creature
Myself and for myself, but man specially,
Both male and female, made after myn owne figure;
Whom I ioyned to-gidre in Matrymony,
And that in Paradise, declaryng opynly,
That men shall weddyng in my chirch solempnyse
figured and syngnyfied by the erthely paradise.
In this my Chirch I am alwey resident, f- 193™
As my cheff Tabernacle and moost chosen place,
Among these Golden Candelstikkes, which represent
My Catholyk Chirch, shynyng afore my fface
W4 light of feith, wisdom, doctryn and grace;
And mervelously eke enflawmed toward me
W* the extinguyble2 fyre of Charytie.
1 within the, A.
2 inextinguible, A.
246 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Wherfore, my welbeloued doughter, Kateryn,
Sith I haue made you to my own Semblaunce
In my Chirch to be maried, and your noble Children
To Reign in this land as in their inheritaunce,
Se that ye haue me In specyall Remembraunce;
Love me and my Chirch, your spirituell moder;
fifor ye dispisyng that one dispise that other.
Loke ! that you walk my preceptes \ and obey theym wele,
And here I give you that same blessyng, that I
Gave my welbeloued Children of Israeli:
Blessid be the ffrute of your bely,
Your substaunce and ffrutes I shall2 encrease and multiply,
Your Rebellious Enemyes I shall put in your hand,
Encreasyng in honour both you and your land.
f. i93vc This doon she departed vpon her way, and whan she came
a litle beyonde the Crosse in Chepe, at the ende of ffriday strete,
there the Mair, beyng on horse bak accompanyed w* the Recorder,
a litell avaunced hym toward the pryncesse ; where the Recorder,
in the name of the Mair, his Brethern, and the Citezeins of London,
welcomed her grace wl convenyent wordes and salutacion ; which
doon the Mair and Recorder retourned to their places. And she
Rode forth forby all the Aldermen, the which sat in ordre on
horse bak a long the strete from the forsaid place vnto the old
The pa- Chaunge, doyng to her grace due obeysaunce. And whan she
fitlTcon-6 cam to the Conduyte at the ferr ende of Chepe, there was
duit. ordeyned a goodly pagent, wheryn sate Prelacy and Honour w*
other, arayed in costelew wise; wherof Prelacy and Honour had
spechis as foloweth:
Septimus extremis te sponsam Henricus ab oris,
Arthurum vt nubas, Virgo decora, vocat.
f. 194™ Though man for his offence and grete demerit
ffel from his honour, by Right and Justice,
To Infenyte sorowe, god of his goodnesse yit
1 Loke ye ; walke in my precepts, A.
2 frutes shall, A.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501 247
The Remedye for man did hym self dyvise;
And in conclusion the moost convenyent wise
ffor mannes Redempcion was thought to be than
The mariage of god to the nature of man.
This mariage was so secrete a Mistery,
That our blessid Saviour, Crist Jhesus,
Comparid yit to a mariage erthely,
To make it to appere more open and playn to vs,
By a parable or symylitude, Saying thus:
The kyng of Heven is like an erthely kyng,
That to his Sone preparith a weddyng.
And right so as our soueraign lord, the kyng,
May be resemblid to the kyng celestiall,
As wele as any prynce erthly now levyng,
Syttyng among the vij Candelstikkes Royall,
As he whom it hath pieasid god to accept and call
Of all honour and dignytie vnto the height1,
Moost Cristyn kyng, and moost stedfast in the feith.
This noble kyng doth a mariage ordeyne £ I94?0
Bitwene his first begoten Son, prynce Arthur,
And you dame Kateryn, the kynges doughter of Spayne,
Whome Policy, Noblesse, and Vertue doth assure
To both Realmes honour, profet, and pleasure.
Wherfore, Madame, to honour ye shall procede,
Beyng of those2 vertues the gwerdon and the mede.
The spech of Honour.
Quum ffelix Arthurum nacta maritum,
Non deerit capiti digna corona tuo.
I am Honour, whome folk of euery degre
Pursue to haue, but many of their purpose mysse;
ffor I, w^ut3 vertue, can not achieved be.
1 unto height, A.
2 the, A.
3 for without, A.
248
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Honour ye wat wele the Rewarde of Vertue is,
And though that vertules many a man or this
Hath semed honourable, yit was he not so ;
Such honour is counterfet and is lightly a goo.
The old Romayns, though they blynde were
In the errour of old Gentilite,
Yit of me they dremed in a Manere,
Thynkyng the way to me shuld vertue be;
f. 195ro ffor which two temples of vertue and me
They ioyned to-guydre, when they made theym new,
In token that Honour is annexed to Vertue.
Also your self se well that in the wey,
And in eche stapp toward vs assendyng,
There dwellith a vertue; so there1 no man may
aspire to vs for any maner of thyng,
But sith they be euer more dwellyng
In the way, all ffolkes of necessitie
Must come by these or they come to2 me.
Wherfore, noble pryncesse, yf that ye persevir
With your excellent Spowse, than shall ye
Reigne here wt vs In prosperite for evir;
Also these crownes and setes on eche side of me,
all voide and vncompanyed3 yit as ye see,
Are kept as Rewarde for noblesse and vertue;
That one for your noble Spouse, and that other for you.
And so after she Rode to the Bisshop of London paleys, where
she was lodgid with her people.
Vpon Sonday, beyng Seynt Erkenwaldes day, the xiiijth day
of nouembre, was my lord prynce maried In Seynt Powles
f. 195™ Chirch of London, in white Saten, by the Archbisshop of
Caunterbury vnto the said lady pryncesse; where was present
in secret maner the kyng, the Quene, my Lady the kynges
Moder, wt dyuers other astates, the which all stode secretely in
a closet latised, In the same place where the Bisshop of London
giveth ordurs ; fforagayn the which closet was ordeyned a Round
1 that, A. 2 at, A. 3 unoccupied, A.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
249
compassed grese, or Mounteyn, covered w* Reed worsted, and
ouerlaid w4 carpettes, vpon the which the said solempnite was
doon ; beyng present xix Bisshoppes and Abbottes, all mitred
and croysed.
And almost foragayn the kynges closet was ordeyned for the
Mair and his Brethern a standyng, where sir John Shaa, than
Mair, stode w*out swerd shewyng, in Crymysyn velvet, And all
his brethern, the Aldermen, in Scarlet, beholdyng the said
solempnytie.
Also from the west dore of Powles was made a scaffold Rayled
vpon both sides vnto the Queere dore, and the Rayles couered
w1 Rede worsted, the which scaffold was man height from the
ground, vpon the which the prynce and pryncesse yode from the
said place of Mariage vnto the Queere dore; whome folowed f. 196™
my lady Sicile, Sister vnto the Quene, and beryng the pryncesse
Trayne, beyng of white satyn ; And after hir folowed an hundreth
ladies and Gentilwomen, In moost goodly and costious aray,
after which passage of Gentilwomen the Mair next folowed, w4
the Swerde born before hym ; And so w1 his Brethern went vnto
the Quere, where they sat all the masse while.
Wonderfull it was to behold the Riches of Garmentes and
Cheynes of gold, that that day wer worne by lordes, knyghtes and
gentilmen; among the which ij specially were to be noted, that
is to sey sir Thomas Brandon, knyght, and Master of the kynges
hors, the which ware that day a Cheyne of gold valued at
xiiij C. !i; And that other was Guylliam de Ryvers, Breton,
and Maister of the kynges Hawkes, which ware a Cheyne of
Gold valued at a M1. li. Many in nombre there were of good
and greate values, but these two passed all thother. Also that
day sir Nycholas Vaus, knyght, ware a gowne of Crymesyn
veluet, garnysshed w4 wedges or lynkes of gold in thyk and
costlew maner, and by estymacion of greate value.
And whan the masse was ffynysshed, the said pryncesse was
ladde by the Duke of York, brother vnto my lord Prynce, and f. 196™
a legat of Spayn Into the Bisshoppes paleis, w* the precedyng
of the forsaid Lordes, knyghtes and gentilmen, to the numbre of
viij score and beyonde, and Ladies folowyng, as before is said.
And the Mair and his Brethern were set in the Entry of the
palays, where they myght beholde the said pryncesse w* all the
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forsaid noble cumpanyes passe by theym. And that doon the
said Mair and his brethern were by M. Richard Croftes, stieward
of my Lord Prynces hous, conveyed vnto the greate hall, and
there set at the boorde vpon the Right hande of the said hall,
and served honourably w4 iij Coursis : the first Course w4 xij
disshes, the Second w4 xv disshes, and the third Course w4 xviij
disshes; And by the Officers wele and Courtesly attendid,
serued and chered, to the greate honour of the prynce.
And ye shall vnderstande that in the said halle was ordeyned
a cupbourde of 6 stages height, beyng Tryangled ; the which
Cupbord was garnysshed w4 gilt plate, as fflagons, greate pottes,
standyng cuppys, and bolles, to a greate value.
And vpon the Tuysday folowyng, the kyng, beyng logid at
f. i97ro Baynardes Castell, came vnto poules and harde there at the
highe Awter a Solempne masse; and after went vnto the Rode
of the North Dore, and there offred ; which doon, w4 a greate
multitude of Lordes, Knyghtes and Gentilmen, he went to the
palays, And there dyned w4 the pryncesse. And this day sir
Nicholas Vaus, aboue named, ware a Coler of Essis, which was
valued at viij C. Ti.
And the self same day, after dyner, the said pryncesse was
conveyed w4 many lordes and astates vnto Povvles wharffe;
where she and the said astates toke ther Barges, and so wer
Rowed to Westm'. And the Mair w4 his Brethern and dyuers
fTelishippis of worship theym also conveied to Westm'. Bridge.
Vpon thursday next folowyng was holdyn a solempne and
Tryumphaunt Justice In the paleys of Westm'.; beyng present
the kyng, the Quene, the prynce, the pryncesse, and the Chief
lordes of the land, And all the lordes of Spayn, which wer comen
w4 the said pryncesse.
And first the Duke of Bokyngham, as Chief Chalenger, came
out of Westmynster hall vnto the field In a Chapell, hanged
aboute or curteyned w4 white and grene Saten, Brawdered before
f. 197™ and behynde and on either side w4 iiij grete Rede Roses, and
the coveryng therof paynted w4 Azur, and pynacled w4 Corven
werk paynted and gilt in Right goodly maner.
And after hym folowed iij1 other Chalengers, clene Armed, w4
out other Disguysyng.
1 So in MS., but apparently it should be iiij.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
251
And whan the said Duke had riden aboute the ffield couered
in the said Chapell, and came forageyn the kyng, he there rode
out of the said Chapell, clene armed, with a myghty busshe of
Ostrich fedirs vpon his helmet, And his horse in Riche wise
trapped w* blewe veluet, garnysshed w4 iiij grete Castelles of
gold, of Goldsmythes werk. And so, after his obeysaunce doon to
the kyng and Quene, he Rode to the South Ende of the Tilt,
where he caused the said busshe of Estrich ffeders to be taken
from his helmet, and there taried the comyng of the defendours.
Then vpon half an houre after came in at the North gate of
the paleis the lord marques of Dorset, In a Tour or pavilion
garnysshed w4 blak palyd w* cloth of gold, as Chief Defendour ;
and aboute the said pavilion an heremyte; and vpon xxx f. 1981,0
gentilmen all clad in blak saten, w* bedes of siluer wire aboute
their nekkes.
And next hym fifolowed the lord William of Devenshire,
enclosed in a Chapell all curteyned w4 Rich cloth of gold. And
thirdly folowed Guylliam de Ryuers, Breton, in a shipp Crossailed,
and the sides of the ship covered w4 cloth peynted after the
colour or lykenesse of water.
And ffourthly came yn folowyng the Erie of Essex couered
all in a Mounteyn, w* a woodhous precedyng, and beryng a Sere
tre, and a Reed Dragon drawyng the said Mounteyn; and
a mayden, in her here3 clothed in silk, sittyng vpon the Toppe
of the said mounteyn.
And ffiftly came in a Gentilman, closed in a Round Tent
paynted all yelowe, and a crowne Sit vpon the Summet of the
said Tent. The which v. defendours, whan they had riden
aboute the Estside of the Tilt and wer comen vpon the west
side fforageyn the kyng, there euery man Issued out of his
pavilion. And the first, beyng my lord markes, was armed
throughtly in blak, and his helmet palid w* cloth of gold.
The second, beyng the lord William of Devenshire, was armed
all ouer in yelow or gold coloured harneys.
The third all in Reed, and the iiijth and vth in clene armour, f. 198™
And after their obeysaunces made vnto the kyng, and Quene,
and other astates, the said Defendours Rode to the north ende
of the Tilt; and sone after the Duke of Bokyngham and the
lord Marques ran to gidre the first course, and myssed. And
252 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
after the said ij lordes Ranne vj courses more, but the Duke
broke the moo sperys.
And after theym the lord Henry, brother to the Duke, as
second Chalenger Ran ageyn the Erie of Essex; and so either
ageyn other, chalengers ageyn defendours, by the space of ij
houres.
Than lastly, when it was toward nyght, came into the ffelde
vpon the Defendours partie a Spaynyssh knyght, to whom Ran
the Duke and broke vpon hym ij speres in iij Coursis Rennyng;
which ended, an herald cried, and made proclamacion that the
Duke that day had wanne the honour.
Vpon Saterday folowyng, aboute one of the Clok, came the
Ambassadours of Scotland in at Bisshoppesgate; and so Rode
through Cornhill and Chepe, and so conveied w4 lordes and
many wele apparayled gentilmen vnto Seynt Johannes w^ut
f. i99ro Smithfeld; and there loged wHn the place of the said lord of
Seynt Johannes.
And vpon the Monday folowyng was a goodly Justes ageyn
holden in the forsaid paleis of Westm'., where at were present
the said Scottissh Ambassadours; the which day the lord
Marques, before named, wan the price, albe it that the Duke
that daie bare hym full valiauntly, and broke many Speris; but
the marques that day broke the moo.
And duryng these Justes dyuers nyghtes wer kept in Westm'.
halle noble and costious bankettes, w* moost goodly disguysynges;
to the greate consolacion of the beholders.
Vpon Weddensday folowyng was the said Justes contynued,
where certeyn courses were Ranne w1 sharp Sperys; and the
lord William of Devenshire ouerthrew Sir Rowland, hors and
man. But some reported that encountre to be atwene my lord
Henry, Brother to the Duke, and the Erie of Essex ; where the
Erie was put to the worse. And after they ffaught on ffote, at
a Barre made bitwene the Chalengers and defendours, w4 short
Sperys; where was given many greate Stripes. And that doon
the said parties tourneyed w* swerdes vpon hors bak, In moost
manfull and valiaunt wise ; and this daies feate contynued from
xij of the clok till the dirk nyght.
f. i99v0 Vpon Thursday the said lordes and knyghtes Ran certeyn
coursis w4 blount Sperys, that is to say euery Chalengeour w*
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501
253
euery defendour iij Coursis ; and that ffynysshed the said parties
Turneyed, either wt other to the numbre of xij Strokes. And
than all the said lordes and knyghtes Turneyed all to-giders, till
they were disseuered by men therunto assigned.
And that night folowyng was holden a goodly disguysyng
and Banket In Westm'. halle.
Vpon the morow folowyng, beyng fifriday, the Kyng, Quene,
my lord prynce, my lady pryncesse, and all the nobles beyng
present at all these forsaid Tryumphes, toke their Barges at
Westm'. Brigge about two of the Clok at after none, and so were
Rowed to Mortelake; where the said astates toke their horses
and Charys, and so Rode to Rychemount ; whom the Mair, w4
a certeyn of the worshipfull ffelishippes, conveied in Sondry
Barges till the kyng were landed at the said toune of mourtlake,
and after Retourned home to London.
This yere in the Cristmas weke the Mair had to dyner
the Ambassadours of Scotland, whom accompanyed my lord
Chaunceler and other lordes of this Realme; where sittyng at
dyner one of the said Scottes givyng attendaunce vpon a Bisshop, f.
ambassadour, the which was reported to be a prothonotary of
Scotland and seruaunt of the said Bisshopp, made this Balade
folowyng:
London, thou art of Townes A per se,
Soueraign of Cities, semeliest in sight,
Of high Renoun, Riches and Royaltie ;
Of Lordes, Barons and many goodly knyght,
Of most delectable lusty ladies bright;
Of famous prelates in habites clericall ;
Of merchauntes full of substaunce and myght,
London, thou art the fflour of Cities all.
Gladdith anon thou lusty Troy nouaunt,
Citie, that some tyme cleped was new Troy,
In all the Erth, Imperiall as thou stant,
Pryncesse of Townes of pleasure and of Joy,
A Richer Restith vnder no Christen Roy;
ffor manly power w4 craftes naturall,
ffourmeth none ffairer sith the fflode of noy:
London, thou art the fflour of Cities all.
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Gemme of all Joy, Jasper of iocunditie,
Most myghty carbuncle of Vertue and valour;
Strong troy in vigour and in Strenuytie,
Of Royall Cities Rose and Geraflour,
Empresse of Townes, exalt in honour ;
In Beawtie beryng the Trone1 Imperially
Swete paradise precellyng in pleasure.
London, thou art the fflour of Cities all.
Aboue all Ryuers thy Ryuer hath renowne,
Whose Boryall stremys plesaunt and preclare,
Vndir thy lusty wallys Renneth down,
Where many a swanne doth swymme w4 wynges ffare,
Where many a Barge doth saile, and Row w* are,
Where many a Ship doth Rest w* Toppe Royall,
O! Towne of Townes, patron and not compare,
London, thou art the fflour of Cities all.
Vpon thy lusty Brigge of pylers white
Been merchauntes full Royall to be-hold,
Vpon thy stretes goth many a semely knyght
In veluet gownes and cheynes of gold.
By Julyus Cesar Thy Tour ffoundid of old
May be the hous of Mars victoryall,
Whos Artillery w* tonge may not be told :
London, thou art the fflour of Cities all.
Stronge be thy walles that aboute the standes,
Wise be the peple that wfin the dwelles,
ffressh is thy Ryuer wt his lusty Strandes,
Blith be the Chirches, wele sounyng be thy belles,
Rich be thy merchauntes in substaunce that excelles,
ffair be ther wives, Right lovesom, white and small,
Clere be thy virgyns, lusty vnder kelles:
London, thow art the fflour of Cities all.
Thy famous Mair, by pryncely governaunce,
W* swerd of Justice the Rulith prudently;
No lord of Parys, Venyce, or ffloraunce
In dignytie or honour goeth to hym nye ;
1 Crone in printed edition, but the MS. is certainly Trone.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1501, 1502 255
He is Exempler, loodester and guyd,
Pryncipall patron, and Roose Orygynall,
Aboue all Maires as Maister most worthy :
London, thou art the fflour of Cities all.
The xxv 1 day of January, beyng Seynt Powles day, was
declared at Powles, by the mouth of the prechour 2, the assur¬
ance of the kyng of Scottes and of Dame Margaret, Doughter
to our soueraigne lord kyng Henry the vijth. In Joyyng wherof
Te Deum was there solempnely songen. And in the after none
folowyng In dyuers places of the Citie were greate ffires to the
number of x or xij. And at euery fifyre an hoggeshed of wyne
Cowched, the which in tyme of the ffires brennyng was drunkyn
of such as wold ; the which wyne was not longe in drynkyng.
Also the later ende of ffebruary was taken, aboute the coste f- 201™
of Quynborough, a ffisshe of greate statur, and of such shap that
the lyke therof had not been before seyn.
And sone after was the lord William of Devenshire, Sir
James Tyrell and his Eldest Son, and one Wellesbourne, a
seruaunt of the said James Tirell3, taken and comytted to sauff
kepyng for ffauouryng of the party of the erle of Suff.
Also in the moneth of Aprill next folowyng, that is to say the Thedethof
second day of Aprell, or nere aboute, died the noble prynce p^nc°ble
Arthure, the Eldest Sonne of our soueraign lord, at Ludlow ; Arthure.
ffor whose soule the ffriday next folowyng at London was kept
a Generall procession ; and vpon the same Daye at after none In
euery parisshe Chirch of London a Solempne Dirige by note,
and on the morow a masse of Requyem ; And all the honest
inhabitauntes of euery parisshe warned to be there present, to
pray for the said Soule. And at Powles was doon a Solempne
Dirige; where the Mair and his brethern were present in blak,
and ofifred on the morne at Masse. And the body was entred
at Worcetir; vpon whose soule and all Christen Jhesu haue
mercy ! Amen!
Aboute Easter this yere the Gray fifreres chaunged their f. 202™
1 The xxv is written in the same ink as the versesj the next words show
a distinct cha7ige.
2 The words, the prechour, were inserted by the original scribe, but were
struck out by a later hand.
3 The scribe atfirst repeated and his eldest son &c.,but subsequently erased it.
256 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
The grey habyte ; ffor where of long tyme before they vsed to were broun
chaunged Russet of iiij. s., vj. s., and viij.s. a yerd, now they were com-
thierArray. pelled to were Kenet Russet of ij. s. a yerd ; which was brought
about by labour of the ffreres of Grenewich, and by favour of
the Bisshop of Wynchestre, Doctour ffox.
Vpon Saterday, beyng the last day of Aprell, and Seynt
ij mennes Erkenwaldes day, were set vpon the pylery in Cornhill ij men,
cut off616 an and a y°ng> whose Erys were there cut from their hedes,
and after conveied agayn to prison vpon two horsis ; which
Execucion to theym was doon for wordes by theym Reported
wrongfully of the Kyng and of the Counsaill.
Vpon Monday, beyng the second day of May, was kept at the
Guyld hall of London an Oyr determyne, where sat the Mayre,
The Juge- the Duke of Bokyngham, Therle of Oxenford, w4 many other
James lordes, Juges, and knyghtes, as commyssioners ; before whome
Tyrell. was presented as prisoners to be enquyred of, sir James Tyrell,
and sir John Wyndam, knyghtes, a Gentilman of the said sir
James, named Wellesbourn, and one other beyng a shipman.
f. 202to Vpon the day folowyng, beyng the day of the halowyng of
the Invencion of the Crosse, sat agayn there the said Mair,
Lordes, and other; where before theym ageyn were brought
the said iiij persones, and there for certeyn tresons by theym
commytted were adiuged to be drawen, hanged, and quartered.
Vpon ffriday folowyng, beyng the vjte day of May and the
morowe after the Ascension of our Lord, Sir James Tyrell and
the forsaid Sir John Wyndam, knyghtes, were brought out of
the Toure to the scaffold vpon the Toure hill, vpon their ffete;
where they were both beheded.
And the same day was the forsaid Shipman laied vpon an
herdyll, and so drawen from the Toure to Tybourne, and there
hanged, hedid, and quartered. And the forenamed Wellysbourn
Remayned still in prison at the kynges commaundement and
pleasure.
Vpon the Saterday folowyng was arayned before my lord of
Derby and other lordes in the Whitehall at Westm'. the sone of
the forsaid Sir Jamys, one named Mathew Jonys, a yoman of the
Croun, and a pursevaunt, and theder was brought the forsaid
Wellesbourn for to geve Evidence agayne theym.
f. 203™ And the same day sat at Guyld hall the Mair and certeyn
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1502 357
other commyssioners, before whom was arayned Sir John
Wyndam's sone, and a barbour, dwellyng aboute the stile yerd
in London, called James Holand.
And vpon the Monday folowyng sat agayn at the yeldhall
the said commyssioners, where for certeyn tresons by theym
commytted were Juged to be drawen, hanged, and quartered, the
forsaid ij persons.
And sone after the forsaid Mathew Jonys, and the pursevaunt,
which was called pursevaunt Cursum, were sent to Guynes, and
there were put to deth. And the Residue Remayned in prison
at the kynges grace.
Aboute Midsomer folowyng was taken a land Rover, or theff,
the which named hym silff Greneleff; the which, as it was Grene leef.
Reported, had many Thevis at his Retynew, and Robbed moch
people aboute London; of the which was Reported dedes and
doynges after Robyn hode.
This yere beganne by the provision of the Mair the new werk of The new
the Guyldehall, for houses of Office and other necessaryes for the hall.*'
kepyng of the Mair and Shryffes ffeastes ; for the which, and
toward the charge of which werk, the Mair had of the Boxis of
ffelashippes of the Citie by their owne Aggrementes certeyn f. 203™
Summes of money, as of the Mercers xtli., the Grocers xx ti., the
Drapers xxxM ti. And so of all the other ffelishippes through the
citie, as their powers and havours were. And ouer that the said
Mair by his providence gat of widowes, and other wele disposed
persones, certeyn Summes of money, as of the lady Hill x ti.,
the lady Astry x ti., and so of many other.
In the begynnyng of the moneth of Septembre wer thre
persones set vpon the pillery In Cornhill, wherof one was a fals
pardoner, the Second a Bribour and Steler of pypes or Gutters
of lede by meane of Cuttyng of theym by nyghtes tyme, and
the third was for other Crymes and falshode.
The xxij day of Octobre was a proclamacion made in Chepe
w4 greate solempnytie, concernyng the Amyte and peas concluded Peace and
atwene the kyng and the Archduke of Burgoyne; where was frtwene the
present on horsebak the Mair and many of his brethern; And
in houses ouer dyuers lordes spirituall and temporall. duke.
And the Mayre kept dyuers afternones the Court of Requestes,
by meane wherof he ended many maters and variaunces hangyng f. 204"
KINGSFORD S
258 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
atwene persones, And caused moch poore people to have their
maters sped w*out spence of money,
thre men This yere three men were brought out of an Hand, founde by
brought merchauntes of Bristow, ferre beyonde Irelond ; the which were
from the clothid in Beestes Skynnes, and ete Raw fflessh, and Rude in
newellond. , . „
their demeanure as Beestes.
Also the Sonday before Saynt Symond and Judes day at
poules crosse was shewed a bull of the pope, by reason wherof
there was denounsed accursid Edmond de la Pole, late Erie of
Suff., Sir Robert Curson, knyght, and v other personys, and all
such as theym ayded and socoured ageyn the kyng w1 in this
lande or w* out.
In this yere also was the dyke, called Turmylbroke, w4 all the
Course of fflete dyke and other, so scoured down to Thamys
that botes w* oysters, heryng, and other vitaill Rowed vp to
Holbourne brigge, and there kept their markettes, as they had
done of old tyme.
1502
f. 204™ Barthilmew Reed j Henry Kevyll ) 1 a0 —o
Goldsmyth ( Nicholas Aynes j Xvl1^
This yere in the moneth of January was the Chapell of our
lady, standyng at the Est Ende of the high Awter of Westm.,
pulled down; And the tavern of the Sun, there also standyng,
w* other housyng ; and the ffoundacion begonne of an other
Chapell at the costes of the kyng.
And vpon Candelmas day, in the nyght folowyng the day,
the kyng and the Quene then beyng loged in the Towre of
the Quenes London, the Quene that nyght was delyuered of a doughter;
auncefat where she entendid to have been delyuered at Richmount; and
the Toure vpon the Saterday folowyng was the said doughter Cristened
0 on on. wt-n the parissjie chirch 0f the Towre, and named Kateryn.
The deth of And vpon that day vij nyght, or vpon the Saterday, beyng the
nobfeluene xJth day of ffebruarij> in the mornyng, dyed the noble and
Elizabeth, vertuous Quene Elizabeth in the said Tour ; vpon whose Soule
and all Christen Jhesu haue mercy ! Amen !
The deth of And the weke folowyng died the Archbisshop of Caunterbury,
of Canter°-P and was conveied by land vnto Caunterbury. This was first
bury.
1 The names of the Mayor and Sheriffs were first written on f. 204ro and
then struck out and entered on f. 2O4v0.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1502, 1503 259
Priour of Lantony, and after bisshop of Salesbury, and lastly f. 205™
Archbisshop of Caunterbury.
And the Weddensday, beyng the xxij day of ffebruarij, was The Queue
the Quenes corps conveid from the Tour vnto Westm. in a chare, westm'd to
w1 vij Coursours trapped all in blak veluet, and an Image like
a Quene liyng vpon the Corps ; w4 vj Charys folowyng Trapped
w* blak cloth, w4 dyuers ladies and gentilwomen Rydyng vpon
palfreys, bitwene the first Charis viij, the next vij, and the other
vj. And before her Chare next the lordes and after the knyghtes
Rode the Aldremen, w4 mournyng hodes as knyghtes Rode ;
And the Mair, w4 a Baron's hode, bar the Mase next before the
Chare; and after the last Chare Rode a C. of the Citezeins of
dyuers ffelishippes in long blak gownes. And the stretes from
blanch Chapilton to Tempill Barre were fulfilled vpon the one
side w4 brennyng Torchis, wherof Chepe and Cornhill were
garnysshed w4 new Torchis, and the berers in white gownes of
blanket and white ffrise, which were found of dyuers ffelishippes,
and the Rest of Chirches and mennys devocion. The hole
numbre of Torches was aboue IVPM1, beside CC. or moo that
went forth w4 the Corps, which were at the kynges cost.
Vpon Sonday, beyng the first Sonday of Lent, and the vthday f. 205™
of March, was at Poules Crosse executed a Solempn Curs w4
book, bell, and Candell; by Reason or auctorytie wherof there
was solempnely accursid Edmond De la Poole, Sir Robert
Cursun, and other, w4 all such as theym ayded or favered In
Will or in dede.
In the Ende of the moneth of March the priour of the The mur-
Charterhous of Shene was murdered w4 in the place by meanes prfour^f C
of a monk of the same hous, named Goodwyn ; and an other Shene.
Monk also by hym and his complices was there also murdred.
In the ende also of the said moneth of Marche came vnto A greate
Englond a Royall Ambassade, a Bisshop, a Marques, and an ^atsh5cade
Erie w4 a goodly cumpanye, from the kyng of Romayns ; which kyng of
were presented to the kyng at Baynardes Castell the Thursday HungTy>
before Passion Sonday, and the said Passion Sonday, beyng the
second day of Aprell, the kyng came to Powles, and there hard
a Solempne Masse ; In tyme wherof he was sworn to the said
kyng of Romayns, like as the said kyng of Romayns had before
tyme be sworne to hym. And in the tyme of Confirmacion of
S 2
2(5o
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the said Othe Te deum was songen there, and in all parissh
f. 2o6r0 Chirches of London. And at nyght in dyuers places of Chepe
and Cornhill fifyres made, and a pipe of wyne laied at euery ffire,
to drynk who wold ; and lightes of Cressandes set along the
strete In greate numbre.
An0 Dni. 1503° Drap. An0 Dni. Ml0v C°.iiij.
( Christopher Harris )
Sir William Capell < Robert Wattes > Ao xix°.
( Thomas Graunger »
This yere, the xiijth Day of Nouembre, In the palayes of
the Archebisshopp of Canterbury at lambehith was holden the
Sergeauntes feest. And the xxj Day of Nouembre, in the
begynnyng of the nyght, was a dredfull fyre vpon Northende
of London bridge. And vpon the vijth day of January were
certeyn houses consumed w* fire agayn seint Botulphis Chirch
in Thamys strete. Vpon the xxv Day of January began a
parlament at Westm'. And the xxvij Day of March was an
house brent ayen Seint Martyn Graunt. And the same Day
was hurt doon w4 fyre in the parissh of seint Petyrs the pore.
And in the forenamed parlament was ordeyned a new coigne of
siluer, as grotes, half grotes, and shillinges, w* half faces. This
yere was foyll Alym at xxxiij s. iiij d. an hundrith 1. And in
this forseid parlament was graunted to the kyng an ayde of
xxxvj M1. ti, and a correccion was dyvysed for the clypped
grotes.
An0 Dni. 1504° Grocer An0 Dni. xvC°.v°.
John Wyngarj wmSnf^owne }Ao' xx°'
f. 2o6to This Yere the Citezeins of London graunted to the kyng
v m1 markes for confirmacion of their liberties ; wherof was paid
in hand M1 markes, and iiij M1 markes In iiij yeres than next
ensuyng. Vpon Seint Georges Daye the kyng went in pro¬
cession in Pawlis Chirch where was shewid a legg of Seint
Georges closid in Siluer, which was seint newly to the kyng
from ...2
1 The continuation of Fabyan omits this sentence.
at\yng ^laCe^°r tke name le^ blank- The contimiation of Fabyan stops
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1503-1507 261
And vpon the xxv Daye of Aprill was a money maker, one
of the Coyners of the Tower, drawen to Tyborn, and there
hanged. And in the latter ende of this yere Cam the Thirde
Cappe of Mayntenaunce from the pope.
An0 Dni MVC.v0 An0 Ml0.vC°.vj°.
ffyshmonger
Thomas Kneysworthj ^c^ard Shoor ) 2l0<
J { Roger Grove j
This yere vpon the xijth even the kynges Chambre at
Richemont was brent. And vpon the evyn of Seint Mavry
began the hidyous wynd, which endured vpon a xj dayes foloyng
more or lesse in contynuall blowyng, by meane wherof the
wedircok of Paulis was blowyn down and moch other harme
doon. And by force of this tempast the Archduke of Burgoyn
was dryven to land in the West Countre. And the second
Sonday of Lent stood at Paulis Crosse the Priour of Seint
Osyes, And v other heretikys. And in the ende of the moneth
of Marche Sir Edmond De la Pool was conveyed through the f.
Citie vnto the Tower, and there left as prysoner. And in Maye
moneth was the lord of Burgavenny commytted to the Tower
for a certeyn displeasure, which concernyd no treason. And
this yere was Alym at iiij li. and xv s. an hundrith, and after by
the kynges provicion fill to xx s.1 This yere a new bilded
galary fell in the nyght at Richemont. And this yere in the
ende of July was a gracious Miracle shewed by our lady Image
of Barkyng, by a mayeden child, that a cart ladyn w* stone yood
over.
An0 Dni 1506° mercer An0 Dni Ml0vC°vij°
{William Copynger \
Thomas Johnson > An° 22°
William ffitz William j
This yere about Cristmas was the bakers hous in Warwike-
lane brent. And this yere was a wonderfull easy and soft
wynter, w'out stormys or frostes. And this yere the king of
his goodnesse diuliuered out of all prisons in London as many
prisoners as laye for xl s. and vnder. And this yere was
Thomas Kneysworth, late maier, and his ij shryves condempned
1 The continuation tf/Fabyan omits this sentence.
262 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
to the kyng in great sommes of money, over peynfull prisonment
by them in the Marchalsy susteyned.
An0 Dni. xvC°.vij°. Anno Dni. Mx.xvc.viij
William Brown | JXlcyrkby" }An"° XxUj°
f. 207*"® This Yere, in the ende of Aprill, died the seid William
Browne. And for hym was immediatly chosyn Sir Laurence
Ayelmer, ffor the Residue of that yere.
Anno supradicto. A0 supradicto
Draper f William Butler ) A ,
Sir Laurence Aylemerj John kyrkby j nno Pre 1C 0*
This yere vppon the last Day of Juny, was an hous in South-
werk, nere vnto the bridge, consumyd wt fyre. And this yere
was Sir William Capell ayein put in vexacion, by sute of the
kyng, for thinges doon by hym in the tyme of his mairaltie.
An0 Dni. xvCviij0 Anno Dni. xvC.ix0.
, 1 t f Thomas Exmew ) A 0 ••••<>
Stephyn Jenynsj Rkhard Smyth |An» xxny".
In the begynnyng of this Maires tyme Sir William Capell,
after his prisonment in the Countour, and Shryvishouse, was by
the kynges Counceill commaundid to the Tower, where he
remayned till the kyng died. And shortly after was deliuered wl
many other.
And in lykewise was Sir Laurence Aylemer delt w4, and com-
f. 2oS™ mytted to the ward or hous of Richard Smyth, Shyryve. And
there remayned as prysoner by the space aboueseid.
This yere vppon the Saterday next before seint Georges Day
died the king our soueraign lord at his lodging called Richemount1.
Vpon whose soule and all Cristen, Jhesu haue mercy ! Amen !
And so this forseid noble prince Reigned xxiij yeres and vij
monethes one Daye therof lakkyng.
Thomas Bradbury { j^STes D°g°UX }Anno Primo'
The same yere, that is to say the xth day of January, the said
Thomas Bradbury died in his Mayrealtie; and two dayes after,
1 The scribe wrote first called Handworth beside, but the two latter
words were afterwards struck out.
III. VITELLIUS A XVI, 1507-1516 263
that is to say the xijth day of the same January, Sir William
Capell, knyght, was chosen Maire in his sted to fulfill vp the
yere; whervnto licence was first given by the Comen Counceyle,
and by cawse he had not be clerely vij yere out of his Mairaltie.
This yere died Ric. Grey, scheref, for whom was chosen
William Bailly, Alderman, for that yere. Item this yere was
brought to London the Cardynalles hatte for the Cardynall of
York, the wich rially receyved by the Duke of Suffolk w*
dyuers other grett astates, the Meire and his brethern, w4 all the
craftes in their lyueres.
This yere was grett ponyshement of puriurye by the seid
Cardynall, beynge in gret auctorite vnder the kynge; for he
was chaunceler of England made the day of of in
the vijtb yere \ for because the archbishop of Canterbury was
aged, and desired to take his yeese in his diosies, the whiche
hadde byn Chaunceler before ix yeres, and right nobully
behaued hym, in asmuche he was praised of all men for his
wisdome and gentilnes.
This yere the kynges sister, quene of Schottes, and the yerle of
Angwyshe, her husbond, cam into England for socur for fere of
the Duke of Albayn, that hadde take her to sonnes ; but after
that her husbonde, the seid yerle, lyke vnto the nature of his
Cuntre, went howme ayen in to Schotlande, takyng no love ;
wherefore the kynge sende for her to London, wher sche was
rially receyved, and logged at Baynardes Castell.
[blank].
f. 208™
H. 8.
1516
f. 209™
Willelmus Butler
1 The dates are left blank j Wolsey was made Chancellor on December 24,
1515.
APPENDIX I
THE CHIEF VARIATIONS OF THE FIRST CHRONICLE
IN VITELLIUS A xvi ff. i-ioi FROM THE TEXT OF
GREGORY'S CHRONICLE.
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
62 1-3 The names of mayers and shrevys in the tyme of kyng
Henry the thyrde, the yere of our lord god, IVP.cc.xv.
„ 8 yere was Entyrdyte
„ 10 M1. marc of the kyng for his comyng into Englonde.
„ 17 at Gloucestr.
„ 22 Omits: ' Custace' to ' Broumholme.'
63 24 deth of one Lambert.
64 7 Omits wareyne.
65 33 William Marys
66 21 and a [ ] of blode.
„ 22,23 And that day [ ] by the kyng with ryall procession it
was brought into Westmynst'.
67 22 Adds a notice nearly identical with that for the tfth year
in H.
„ 32 Has a notice for the five years of HardelVs mayoralty nearly
identical with H. The variations are slight, and such
as might occur naturally in two independent translations
from the Latin original. The notice for the 38th year
ends: And then were made shreves Stephen Doo1, and
Henry Walmode, for the residue of the year.
70 7 make not theyr brede.
71 28 Adds: And so ther were iij Mayers in oneyer.
72 21 was made Mayr of London.
^3 32,33 That was crowned the xiiij Kalendes of Decembre2
76 34 and the comyns of the same they receyved Edward of
Wyndesore. . .
1 Distergate, H. ; Oystergate, J. B I; Doo, G.
3 xiiij Kalend. Decembris, J. B I; xmoKal. Marcij, H.; the Kalendys of Marche, G.
266
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Gregory.
vltellius A xvi.
Pag*
; Line
78
11
Dame Johane de la Tour
9)
17,18
Philip, the Erie is doughtyr of Henawe.
79
18
Kilbourne
29, 3°
worth xl. s. (As it is in the MS. of G.)
80
20
yerldome of Chestyr.
81
11
yere of the kynges clayme of ffrance,
82
!3
no Idolatry, but only euery levyng creature.
32
And the kyng of ffraunce supposyng that kyng Edward
wolde kepe his day . . .
84
12
with soche homage doyng,
33
23
vngoodly and wykkydly
3)
33
sir John Bayllol
85
10,11
And aftyr this Batayll dyed the prince of Wales.
86
2
full derk of myst, Reyn, and hayll,
>>
23
the fend in man is likenesse splate .. .
3J
28
blody rayn.
87
20
Janyuer. And thanne he was putte doune of his mayralte
by the commaundement of the kyng.
88
13
Omits: by syde fronkelaynys
>9
32
Adds: And the Duke of Lancastre, and the yerle of Cam-
bryge Rode forth into Gasgogne, and ther they abode
a certeyn tyme.
90
21, 22
And Wode, knyght, was beheded1.
91
15
Hybery, place of the priours of Saynt Johns.
92
9
flemmynges and moo. And in his tyme of the mayralte
the comyn women of Englonde wered Ray hodes.
„ after n Inserts for 7. Ric. II: And that yer was a batell in the
kynges paleys atte Westmynster bytwene Caterton,
Squyer, the Pelant, and Sir John Ausle, knyght, was
defendant
„ 16, 17 And that yer the yerll of March dyed in Irelond; and the
same yer the kyng went into Scotlond w* a grete power ;
and that yer was the parlement atte Glowcestre, and ther
was made . . .
„ 19 Inserts correctly the mayor and sheriffs for the \othyear, to
which Arundel's fight belongs.
„ 26 Adds: And that yer was boryn the sone of the yerll of
1 A line has been omitted in v. by accident.
APPENDIX I
2 67
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
Derby atte Monemowth, that after he was called Henry
of Monemouth.
93 26-28 in his bedde by a thef, that come in by a gotour wyndowe,
as was knowen long after by the same thef, but his wyf
was brente therfore, and iij of his men hanged wrongfully
at tibourne, and that was rewth.
94 11 Has no notice for the x ^th. year.
95 14 in that same tyme, wherfore from that day vnto this tyme
the brigge hath ben kept with men of armes, and euer-
more shall be &c.
„ 32 to vnto Caleys to the Duke of Gloucestre; and the Sonday
96 2 after that he dyed, for he was smotherd bytwene two
fethyr beddes, as certeyn persones knowleched after,
that wer atte his dying, which for the same deth wer
after ded. And on the morne after Hooly Rode
day . . .
102 19-21 And sir John Holand, Duke of Excestre, was take in Essex
atte Putelwelle in a mille, and he was behedded atte
Bristowe.
„ 26 Hugh of Glendore
103 10 The names of the mayor and sheriffs for the third year of
Henry IV are given on f. 36™, the rest of that leaf and
f. 37ro are left blank ; on f. 36™ the Chronicle resumes :
And this yere the Emperour of Constantyne the noble
come vnto England, and he was lodged atte the hous of
Saynt John in Smythfeld. And the same yere the kyng
wedded . . .
„ 19 Has no reference to Humbledon.
,, 31 the werst bataill that come into Englond a C. wynter before.
104 26 Adds: And in the same yer was Travers a yoman of the
kynges Chambre hanged at Tybourn for poisonyng of
his owen wif.
„ 31 Omits: And that yere deyd Syr Robert Knollys.
,, 32 Adds: and the same yer ther was a batayll in Smythfeld,
bitwene a Walsshe clerk, Pelaunt, and Sir Percyvall
Sowdan, Defendaunt1; and that yer was sir Thomas
Rampston, knyght, Dreynte atte London brigge.
1 John Walssh, clerk, and Percyval Sondon, H.
268
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
105 16 Adds: and thankyd be god our lordes had the worship.
106 9 ve perustus
„ io fides ledat Satell
„ 12 Adds : And the same yer was afray in Est Chepe, on Mid-
somer nyght, of the lord John is meyne, the kynges sone ;
and therfore it was ordeyned that neither Tavern ne Cook
shuld hold open their hous no more after ix of the clok,
vpon payn of enprysonement, neuerafter &c. And the
same yere Rysdy of Wales was drawen and hanged.
And the same yer ther was a bataill in Smythfeld bitwene
ij squyers, Gloucestre and Artour.
107 5 And that same yer of our lord IVn.cccc. and xij, the xx day
of Marche, dyed the kyng at Westm'. And he is buryed
atte Caunterbury, beside the Shryne : on whos sowle god
haue mercy ! Amen ! For he dyed in the xiiijth yer of
his Regne, whan he had Regned xiij yer and xxij wekes
and iiij Dayes.
„ 25 For the first year of Henry V: And this yer Sir John
Oldcastell, lord of Cobham, was arrest at Windesore
for heresy; and he was sent to the Tour of London;
and of the ffreres prechours he was examyned of his
poyntes of heresy by all the worthy clergy of this lond,
of Bisshopes and Religious; and for his opynyons he
was sent to the Tour ayen. And sone after he brake
oute of the Tour, and went into Wales. And that he
was taken ayen by the lord Powes v. yere after. And
this yer the kyng ded vnbury Kyng Richard . . .
108 4-6 vnder colour of the momyng for to haue slayn the kyng.
And ther had ordeyned . . .
„ 14 a squyer that hight John Brown, a squyer of Oldcastelles.
„ 17 Tykey, prest
109 1, 2 kepe wele the Cite, his Chambre, in his absence, and yave
him. . .
„ 7 Conysborughe
j, 10-12 put in prison, and after to ye deth. And the xij day of
August the kyng sailed toward Normandy w4 two thou¬
sand Shippes, and the xvj day of the same . . .
„ 24 wold of his lordship graunte hem leve to Try with what
persones . . .
APPENDIX I
269
Gregory.
vltellius A xvi.
Page
Line
110
14
sworen on our lordes body
JJ
25
xxiiij copes of clothes byfore our lordes blessed body . . .
>>
33
thei were departed and delyuered to certeyn lordes . . .
111
16
shuld not pass ouer noo wey, but suche wey as he most
nedes mete . . .
Jf
25
Sires, and felowes, yonder men will lete . . .
t>
3°
array an Englissh . . .
99
32
thikkest of the ffrenssh hoste.
112
5
And ther wer slayn on the ffrenssh party the Duke of
Alaunson . . . and viij Erles.
8
Duke of Orliaunce, the Duke of Burgoyn
, 12
Ser Bursegawte, and many moo knyghtes and squyers. And
on our kynges party, of Englissh lordes, The Duke of
York, the Erie of Suffe., ij knyghtys, of David Gannowe,
and of Gentilmen noo moo, and of all Englisshmen ther
passed not xxviij persones. And whan this was done ...
„ 14 prisoners with all his other meyne
„ 18-27 fette hym in good aray. And all the Religyous and
seculers of the Citee mette hym with procession &c.
And ther was made on London Brigge stondyng grete
lyons and Giantes. And on the Drawe brigge stode
Saynt George Royally armed. And atte the Crosse in
Chepe ther was made a Royall Castell, and therin was
moche solempnite of Angelles and Virgyns syngyng
meryly with Devoute melody. And so he rode forth
to Poules, and ther met with hym xvj bisshopes and
abbotes with a fair procession, and thei all sensed the
kyng and Brought hym to the high alter. And ther he
offred, and all the lordes, Englissh and ffrenssh. And
than he rode forth to Westmynster vnto his palays ; and
the Mair with all the Comoners brought hym ther, and
than they toke ther leve of hym.
113 3 Wynchestre
„ 4-8 warnyd the Mair, and to tel hym that tydynges, and than
thei rang the Belles thurgh all London in euery chirch.
And atte ix of the Clok at Powles the Bisshop aforsaid
proclaimed ther to all the Comons of the tydynges, and
to all other persones that ther wer that tyme present.
And than the Quene . . .
2JO
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
113 12-18 devoutely syngyng letany, and the Mair with all the Comons
folowyng after on ther fete, and ther thei offred. And
than the Mair toke his charge, and he come home with
all the company of the Cite meryly, as thei wer wounte
to Doo, Rydyng with their Mynstrelles &c. And the
same yer come the Emperour . . .
„ 22-24 and so all the masse tyme the kyng kepyng the estate as
Abbote. And atte the mete the Emperour kept estate,
and the kyng on the Right side of the Emperour . . .
114 6-13 And that yer the Duke of Holond came to London.- And
the Emperour lay in the palays of Westmynster. And
the Duke of Holand lay in the Bisshopes place of Ely.
And anon after Midsomer the kyng went to Caleis, wt
the Emperour and the Duke of Holand ; and ther mette
with the kyng the Duke of Burgoyn, and the Duke of
Holand went home ayen into Holand. And the Counte
Charles 1 sonne com to Gravenyng . . .
115 3 Amorell of hem, that was the Dukes son of Burbon . . .
„ 14 the xxvij day of August
„ 17-21 with a grete sawte the Towne was yeld to the kyng. And
the kyng rested him in Cane. And than the Duke
of Clarance Rode vnto pountlarge and wan it. And
sone after the kyng wan Argentyn . . .
116 8-11 and he was called pope Martin the Vte. Also in the same
yer sir John Oldcastell was taken in the Marche of
Wales by the lord Powes; and he brought him to
London, and so to Westm'. in a chare, for he myght not
Ride, and he was juged . . .
„ 14 ther to be hanged, and brent galowes and all.
„ 15-18 And ther was for to se that Jugement the Duke of
Bedford, the Duke of Exceter, and many moo lordes of
this land, vnto the tyme that he was dede and brent
„ 19 person of Northam and his paramour
,, 29 to William Melone, Sir Gilbert Menstrewe, lord ffayete,
117 4 capteyns of men of armes and of the Chotte2 within the
towne of fFaleys, and with hem vpon the same trete the
most part of the Comynalte, with 3 parties encresed and
1 Philip, Count of Charolais, son of Burgundy. t j Shot.
3 Read which.
APPENDIX I
271
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
accorded in the articles and appoyntementes her after
ensuyng.
121 18-25 And than the kyng departed his hoste ij Journes thens in
dyvers weyes; that is to sey that one parte of the hoste \
and with him the Erie of March, the lord Grey, the lord
Clyfford, and Sir Water Hungerford, Steward of the
kynges howshold, with many worthy knyghtes and
squyers;
122 2 townes and castelles and pyles. Anno sexto incipiente.
And anon . . .
138 18-22 leyde sege to Miloneswre surseyne2, and atte sege lay the
kyng of ffraunce, the kyng of Englond, and the kyng
of Scottes, the prynce of Orenge, the Duke of Bnrgoyne,
the Duke of Clarance, the Duke of Gloucestre, and many
of Erles and lordes of Englond and ffraunce.
139 24-26 The names of sittyng and of the astates in the hall, ffirst
the Barouns . . .
142 11 ordeyned hem a payr of Balaunce for to wey with her
gold.
„ 20 that began the first day of Decembre
„ 25, 26 for a full noble of the value of vjs. viijd. And yf it
wey lasse of the value of vs. viijd., than the persone that
payeth the money most make goode the surpluse vnto the
some of vs. viijd., the kyng alwey receyvyng it for a full
noble of vjs. viijd. And yf the noble soo appeyred were
better . . .
143 6 Mews in Bruy which long tyme hath ben seged in the maner
that foloweth after:—
„ 21-23 Robert Queseyne, Philpot Gamoches, peron de luppe,
John Damoy, le Bastard de Vavryn, maister John de
Reynes Termagyn, Bernard Domervile, and John de la
Motte.
144 4, 5 that thei all shall abyde to the will of the forsaide kyng.
„ 8-10 Sir Lowe Caste, the Bastard Warven, and maister John de
Reynes . . .
„ 18 be holden or be yolden
145 16 All tho of J)e forsaide markette shall put . ..
1 The scribe has skipped three lines.
* Melun-sur-Seine.
272
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Gregory.
vltellius A xvi.
Page
Line
be hidde or distroyed in the forsaid markette w* outen w*
145
3T> i0
146
2
drawen, or to hinder eny thing
99
6
consentauntes of the coupable
99
9
vpon payne abouesaide
99
io
hold to take
99
12
kynges abouesaide wk>ute enything to hym hiden
147
12
Also that cherfull other makyng or cherfull takyng . . .
99
14
and the othe of hem
99
i7
can write with theyr owne hondes thei shall passen .. .
99
22
Also from the day
99
29
Robert Guessyn
148
i
Bastarde de Varrowe, Denyse Varrowe,
99
8
Philip Malete and William ffrosche,
99
14
After the terms of the treaty, adds: The noble kyng
Henry the Vte after the conquest of Englond, flour of
Chivalry of Cristen, ended his lyf in ffraunce atte Boys
in Vincente beside Parys, the xxx day of August,
A° dni. M.ccc.xxij, and the xth yer of his regne, to whom
god doo mercy. Amen ! And that yer ther was sette
a newe wedder Cok on powles steple the xxiiij day
of August. And that same yer dyed the bisshop of
London, Clyfford. And the viij day of Nouembre next
suyng was the kyng entered atte Westm'. worthely, and
]?er his bonys ben buryed. On whos sowle god haue
mercy, Amen!
Here folowen the nombre and some of the names of the
townes .. .
149
10
And the age of the kyng not fully xij monthes Olde.
99
16
Charles the kynges ayell of Englond, atte seynt Powles
hostell in parys, and his body nobly entered atte saynt
Denys.
99
23
terme of v yer after
99
24
the seconde day
151
5> 6
my saide lorde the Regent of his high grace,
99
16
called elles Starvarey,
153
23
Stops short at Britayne on f. 7910 and on £ ^vo fregins:—
my lord Duke of Burgoyne and my lord Duke of
Brettayne haue sealed with her manuel signettes.
154
6
Maister John Reynwell
APPENDIX I
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
154 8 John Broun
156 8 withouten euer to done the contrary in eny maner
157 5 Thomas Mortemer
„ 25 was made moche besynesse bytwene the lordes and the
comoners for tonnage and poundage graunted; that
condicion in the same yere . . .
158 10-17 bisshop of Wynchestre, as many men said, and many moo
other good townes as Wynchestre, Leicestre, and
Cauntyrbury. And the same yer the bisshop sent to
Wyndesore . . .
„ 19, 20 sent to the Innes of Court for to come to hym atte West-
mynstyr, and thei come thidder with gode offence and
rayment . . .
„ 28 Omits the last paragraph, but inserts here the notice of
Gloucesters departure for Hainault.
159 11 wer noo frendes
160 9 mette with hym atte Barton
161 28-30 And that yer the mayr ded do smyte oute many buttes of
Romeney and rede wyne of Lombardes, that wer corrupte,
in dyuers places of London; ffor thei wer corrupte and
poyson.
163 8 the xxxi daye of Octobre
„ 16-21 And the same yer the bonys of maister John Wyllyf wer
taken owte of the grave, ther as he was buryed atte Luttyr-
worth beside Leicestre; and his bonys were brent, and
the asshys cast in the Ryver. And this was done by the
pope and all the clergy. And on the xijth even after, the
bonys of the Erie of Salisbury were brought to London;
and had his masse atte powles; and than caried vnto the
prioury of Birsham ; and ther y-buryed with his aunces-
tours, the which were founders therof.
164 7-9 And the same yer the vte day of Juyn, ther was a frere
menour, a maistre of Diuinite, slayne in the Tour by the
person in the Tour.
165 6 a relyk of Dyvers Sayntes
„ 14 sette in his astate
,, 17-20 Sires! here cometh Henry, kyng Henry is sone the vte, on
whos sowle god haue mercy, Amen ! he humblissh hym
to god and to Holy Chirch, askyng the crowne of this
274 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Gregory. Vitellius A xvi.
Page Line
Reame be right and defence of heritage. Yif ye hold ye
payed . . .
165 24-27 to the high auter wards, long tyme ther lying. And than
the Archbisshop of Cauntyrbury, and all other bisshoppes
with all the prelates, stode rounde aboute hym ; and they
redde exoracions ouer him, and many long antemes song
with note.
166 7-13 soft thyng to all the places soo annoynted. And on his
hede did a white coyf of silk; and so he went and lay
viij dayes, and the viii day thei shuld weyssh it of hym,
and the knyghtes of the garter shall hold a cloth of astate
ouer hym the meane while. And after his anoyntement
he leyde him downe prostrate ayen . . .
„ 20 sesed hym with a swerd, thei all sittyng and1 therupon, and
they seying thes wordes thryes to hym . . .
167 1, 2 aboute his nek, but not crossed, and sandalles, and also as
hosyn, and shone, and copys, and glovys, lyke a bisshop.
„ 7 A blank is left aftert for hym for.
„ 26 dispoyle of all his bisshoppes [ ] arrayed as a kyng
„ 30 which crowne kyng Richard did doo make
168 12, 13 was withoute poynte &c. Sittyng at the mete . . .
„ 19 Aldermen and so forth worthy Comoners
„ 27 rode in the halle bright as seynt George.
„ 29 was a rightfull kyng and heyr vnto the crowne
169 12, 13 Lo! here ij kynges, right profite, and right holy, gode
saynt . . .
„ 21 Jely, wryten and noted with Te Deum laudamus. Pig
endored.
170 11 Larkes. Grete Carpe.
,, 22 A blank left before your grace.
„ 23, 24 hym to advaunce by dissente and tale of right.
171 16, 17 the pusill was taken by fore Compeyne by the duke of Bur-
goyne, sir John Lyffynbourne, sir John Steward, and sir
John Montgomery.
„ 18 dyed in the Vintry
172 3, 4 And at Ester after dyed2 the Erie of Perche
„ 5 lord of Awdele Owen
and has been crossed out y the correct reading is 110 doubt settyng hand.
3 Clearly an error for afterward.
^ine
12
13
4
10
5
17
22
3
25
»> 4
7
19
■33
3
13
16
4
6
11
20
26
28
1
!» 3
8
-14
APPENDIX I
VlTELLIUS A XVI.
rysyng in this londe
on the xijth evyn he come to Rone, and sone after Remoeved
vnto Calais.
Jesse of god assendyng
Angelis suis mandauit de te vt custodiant &c. Longi-
tudinem dierum replebo meum, et ostendam illi salutare
eum.
maister Pers, clerk, a man of Englond, a Renegate and an
Erytyk . . .
done to deth of Sowdeours the nombre of iij, and iiijxx of
hem wer Banysshed . . .
Erles doughter of Saynt Powle
stalld byshepe
to none effecte nor profite
as they made mencion.
behynd hym for hast, for the fflemmynges fled fast, and ther
thei toke many . . .
poperyng at the belle
wanderly; and thanked be god there was no man perisshed.
And that yere there was a full grete frost and strong cold.
And that yere the kyng ordeyned the parlement to be
hold at Caumbrygge, but by better avis and counsell . . .
the ix day of ffeuerer the queenes bones . . .
paynfully put to dethe . . .
the day of Juylle, and she is buryed in Criste Chirche
at Cawnterbury . . .
unto Anioy and many w* hym.
the Cardinall, the archebisshop of York,
men of Kent arrested at Midsomer, called Risers, and . . .
held the Richest man that dyed many yeres afore,
the Cardenall, the archebisshope of York
the Erie of Stafford, the Erie of Oxenford, the lord Bourgchier,
the erle of Vendon
Bisshopes of Spayn and Poleyn
vnto Guyenne with a grete meyny
atte Kenyngton, that is to wete, the sone and the heir of the
Erie of Arondell, Lewis John, and William Estfeld, mer-
chauntes of London.
276
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
vit.axvi. APPENDIX II
f. 2ioro Herafter folowyng shall ye fynde the Names of dyuers lordis, knyghtes,
and gentilmen, the which haue ben slayn in the Realme of England
Sith the good Duke of Glowcestre was mourdred at the parlement
holden at Bury A0, dni. MUiijc.xlvj.
After the dethe of the gode Duke of Glowcestre, Vnkyll vnto kyng
Henry the vj, The whiche Duke was mourdred at the Parlement of Bury
the xxiijth day of ffebruary the yere of our lord M'.CCCC.xlvj. Than after
that was beheded the Bisshop of Chichestre by the Maryners of England;
the Bisshop of Salesburye, wt the Comens of that contre, taken awey from
his Masse or he hadde doon of his Awbe, and they cleved his hede
knelyng on his knees, and saying his prayers. And after that was the Duke
of Suffolk taken in the See before Dover by the Nicholas a Tour; And
the Shipman smote of his hede vpon the Bote syde. And after that in
Julye, the yere of our lorde IVP.CCCCl. Jak Cade of Kente come vnto
London, and rode vnto Myle ende: the whiche Cade was the Kentissh
mens Capteyn at that tyme. And there he toke Crowmer, Shiriff of
Kente, and smote of his hede. The whiche Crowmer had wedded the
f. 21 oV0 lorde Saies Doughter. And so the saide Capteyn retourned ageyn vnto
London, bryngyng the said Crowmours hede vpon a billys poynt. And
the said Cade rode to the Towre, and toke out the lord Say, and had
hym forth into Chepesyde of London a litell aboue the Standard; and
there he gan smyte of the said lorde Sayes hede, and there he made
bothe hedes kisse to gider: And after, made the said lord Sayes body to
be drawen with cordis vnto Newgate, and so to be brought in ageyn at
Ludgate. And a none after that was the first feeld of Saint Albons, the
xxijtb day of May the yere of our lorde M^.CCCC.lv; And there was
slayn the olde Duke of Somerset, the Erie of Nothombrelond, and the
old lord Clyfford, and Bapthorp, the whiche was Server vnto kyng
Henry the Sixt. And after that was the Journey of Blowreheth; And
there the erle of Salesbury kyld the old lorde Awdeley, and many
Knyghtes and Squyers of Chesshyre and of Lancastreshire. And after
that the ixth day of July, The yere of our lorde M^CCCC.lx, was the
Batayll of Northampton; and there was slayn the gode Duke of
Bockyngham, the Vicompte Beawmount, the Erie of Shrewesbury, the
lord Egremont, and Sir William Lucye, with other mo that was drowned
and slayn; and that same tyme was ye old lord Scales kyld at Saint
1. 2iir0 Mary Overeys in Southwerke. And on Neweyers day next after ther
APPENDIX II
277
was the batayll at Wakeffeld; at the which batayll was slayn the Duke
of York, the Erie of Rutland his Son, the Erie of Salesbury, the lord
Harryngton, and Sir Thomas Nevyll. And Incontinently after that was
the Journey of Wygmore in Walis. And there the Erie of Marche
discomfeyted the Erie of Pembroke and the Erie of Wilshire. And
folowyngly vpon that was ye other batayle at Saint Albonys, on Shrof-
tewesday A0, dni. IVP.cccc.lx; And there was slayn the lord Bonvile, and
Sir Thomas Kerell, wfc other gentilmen. And after that, the iiijday
of Marche, A0, dni. MICCCC.lx, Kyng Edward the iiijth toke vpon hym
to be kyng. And the xxixtlx day of the same Marche, whiche was
Palme sounday, A0, dni. M^CCCC.lxj, was the batayll at Towton beside
York. And there was slayn the erle of Northumbrelond, the Erie of
Westmerlond, the lord Clyfford, the lord Welles, the lord ffighwater, the
lord Dakers, with other many Knyghtes and Squyers and yomen vnto
the noumbre of xxxv m1. And after that the Erie of Wilshire, the Erie
of Devenshire, and Sir Thomas ffulford at Exham in the North Covntre
were behedid. And after that was the lord Gray Rogemond taken and f. 2iiv:
biheded. And after that, the xxvjth day of ffeuerer A0, dni. MkCCCC.lxj,
at the Towre hill was beheded the Erie of Oxenford, the lord Awbrey
his son and heire, Sir Thomas Tudnam, John Tirell, and John Moun-
gomerey. And after that was beheded in the North Countre Duke
Henry of Somerset, the lord Hungerford, the lord Roos. And after that
was beheded Sir Rauf Gray. And after that was the ffelde at Hedgecotte, Banbury
and there was biheded the Erie of Pembroke called the lord Harbard, ffeld-
and his broder Richard, and the lord Lathemour 1 slayn. And after that
was biheded Richard Erie Ryvers, the Erie Devenshire, and Sir John
Woodfeeld. And after that was ye batayle of Lyncolnshire, and ther
was beheded the lord Welles, the lord Welughby, and his son and heire,
and Sir Thomas Dymmok, and Dalalaunde 2. And after that, the xviijth
day of Octobre, the yere of our lord M].CCCC.lxx, was beheded the
Erie of Worcestre at the Towre hill. And on Ester day next after that
was the batayll of Barnet, and there was slayn the Erie of Warwyk, and
the lord Markes Mountegew his broder, the lord Say, the lord Bowcer,
and Sir John Lyle. And after that was the batayll of Twexbury, and
there was slayn Prince Edward, Kyng Haryes son the sixt, and the Erie f. 212
of Devenshire, and the lord John of Somerset biheded, and the lorde
Wenlok was slayn on the felde. And the lorde of Saint Johns was
biheded. And after that was ye Duke Edmond of Somerset, Sir John
Delves, and his son, and Sir Thomas Tressham beheded. And after
that, in Somer A°. M'.CCCC.lxxv, was the Duke of Exceter drowned
1 Sir Henry Neville, son of Lord Latimer. 2 Sir Thomas de la Lande.
278
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
comyng from beyound the See wt Kyng Edward oute of Pycardy. And
after that was the Duke of Clarence, Kyng Edwardes brother, drowned
in the Towre in a vessell of Swete wyne, the xviij day of ffeuerer A0.
IVP.CCCC.lxxvij. And after that dyed Kyng Edward the iiijfch, the
ixth day of Aprill A°. dni. MICCCC.lxxxiij. And after his deth was
biheded the lord Hastynges, Kyng Edwardes Chamberleyn, in the Towre
of London wk out Justice by Richard than Duke of Glowcestre, at that
tyme beyng Protectour of England. And after that was put to deth at
Pomfret Antony the Erie Ryvers, the lord Richard, Quene Elizabeth
son, and Sir Thomas Vagham by the said Duke of Glowcestre. And
f. 2i2V0 after that was put to deth kyng Edwarde the vth, son and heire to kyng
Edward the iiijth, And Richard Duke of York, brother vnto the said
Kyng Edward the vth, by the said Duke of Glowcestre their Vnkell.
And after that the Duke of Glowcestre toke vpon hym the Crowne, and
biheded the Duke of Boukyngham at Salesbury. And after that was
biheded Sir George Browne of Kent, and Colyngbourne, and many other
gentilmen were put to execucion by the said Kyng Richard. And after
that was biheded Sir Roger Clyfford. And after that was the batayle
bitwene our Souerayn lord Kyng Henry the vijfcl1, that nough Reigneth,
and the said kyng Richard the iijde at Leicestre ; and there was kyng
Richard slayn, the Duke of Nothfolke, the lorde forrers, and Sir Robert
Brakenbury, called lord Roos. And after that Sir William1 Catesby was
beheded at Leicestre. And after that Humfrey Stafford was beheded
at the Towre hill. And after that was the ffeeld at Stoke, to the which
feeld cam the Erie of Lyncoln, the lord Lovell, and Marteyn Swart out
of fflaunders into Ierlond, and from Ierlond into ffournes ffelles, and so
forth vnto Stoke; and there they kept the ffeeld ayenst kyng Henry
f. 2i3ro the vijth, at the whiche felde was slayn the Erie of Lyncoln and Martyn
Swarte, and the moste part that cam wfc hym. And after that in the
iiijth yere of our Soueraigne lorde kyng Henry the vij^1 gadred a grete
ffelisship in the North contre. And there my lord of Northumberland
met wt them to haue put them downe, and there they kylde the said
lord ; and a none after they cam to York, and there they abode iij or
iiij dayes vnto the tyme that they herd of the comyng of kyng Henry
the vijth. And as sone as they knewe of the comyng of hym they
ffledde awey out of York, som one wey and som a-nother wey, and
dyuers of them were taken and brought vnto the kyng at York, and
dyuers of them that were capteyns were hanged, drawen, and quartred.
And as for the poure comyns the kyng pardowned them and gave hem
1 The scribe first wrote, John; John Catesby, the judge, was William Catesbys
wicle.
APPENDIX II
279
grace. And in the said yere of kyng Henry the vijth My Lorde
Dawbeney, leeftenaunt of Caleys vnder the kyng our Soueraygne lord,
made a Journey vnto Dikesmewth1 in ffiaunders \\rt a ffelisship; and there
lay at Seege bifore Dikesmewth v. M1. and moo of fflemmynges and
ffrensshe men in a strong felde, doble diched and pavest and strongly
gunned, The whiche by reason was strong Inough to haue kept out
xx m1 men of warre; at the whiche feeld my said lord Dawbeney,
leeftenaunt of Caleys, lept downe of his horse and went a fote, w4 my f. 21
lord Morley, and wfc other good knyghtes, gentilmen and yomen vnto
the nombre of xviijc Englisshmen, and iiij or v C. Almayns and
fflemynges, the which helde vpon the kyng of Romayns part, the
whiche were wfc my said lord leeftenaunt. And there my lord waded
thorough the diches vnto the arme pittes, and all his ffelisship wfc hym.
In somoche that my lord lakked dyuers of his men of warre, the whiche
were drowned in the diches goyng ouer. And w* thoo that he had
he sette vpon the fflemynges and flfrensshemen, and discomfette them,
and kilde aboue xxxviiij C, beside them that were drowned of their
partie. And of Englisshmen of our partie were not past C. slayn and
drowned. But my lord Morley was slayn wfc a gonne of their partie.
And there my said lorde leeftenaunt toke many Riall gonnes and other
ordenaunces, and brought at home w* hym to Caleis; and cam home
mayde ayen in the spite of all ffiaunders, and in the spite of the lorde
Cordes2, and of all his ffelisship, the whiche were nombred to xiiij or
xv M1. men of warre, beside them that were kild on the ffelde.
APPENDIX III
NARRATIVE FOR 1423-5, AND 1427-8 FROM JULIUS BI.
William Crowmer { Nicholas «■ , 1 Vic. Anno ii°.
( I homas Wandefford J
This yere the xxj day of Octobre bigan the parliament at Westmynster.
And the kyng and the quene his modre vpon the xij day of Nouembre,
Saturday, remoued frome Wyndissore toward London, and at nyght was
loggid at Stanes; and vpon the morowe that was Sonday he was bore
toward his modres Chare, and he cried and shremed3 and wolde nat be
caried ferther; wherfore he was bore ageyn into his Inne, and there bode
1 Dixmude. 2 The Sieur des Querdes.
3 schriked and cryed and sprung, H.
280
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
the sonday al day. And on the monday he was bore to the Chare and
was than blith and glade, and at even comen to Kyngeston and there
restid al nyght. And vpon tuesday thei comen to Kenyngton. And vpon
the Wednesday wt a glad chere sate in his modres lappe in the chare, and
rode1 thurgh the Cite to Westm'. the xvij day of Nouembre the yere of our
lord M^CCCCxxiij, and there was brought into the Parliament; where the
f. 66ro Speker of the parliament, in the name and for al the comons of England,
spake to the kynges persone these wordes after folowyng:—' Moost
Excellent Pry nee, and gracious souereigne lord, our noble Kyng, We
your humble true Comons comen from al the Shires, Cities, and burghes
of this your Noble Realme to your high presence, to this your high
Court of Parliament, thanken Almyghty God ful especially that he of
his high mercy and grace hath2 vs your excellent persone as our lege
lord to reigne vpon vs lynyally, and ymmediat after the departyng of the
ful Cristen and Victorious prynce last our souereigne lord, your blessid
fader, whome god hath taken to his blis and life perdurable as we
trusten alle: bisechyng to our lord god, as devoutly as euer ded any
cristen Comon, that he of his high myght yeve you, our tendre benigne
souereigne lord, his habundant licence, fortune, and grace to reigne
vpon vs your true liege people wt long perseueracion and vertuous
contynuaunce, as wel to his high plesaunce as to your honour and
prosperitie, and the vniuersal joie and conforte of vs al, as we that
ben and wol ben as true to you as euer was liege people to here liege
lord. And sithen that god hath shewed3 his Dominacion so to take
our last souereigne lord out of this worlde to his high mercy, which
was the Rote, Welle, and shelde of our worldly conforte and suerte, we
thanke our lord god of his gracious purveiaunce that hath lefte to vs
here on erth the two noble and myghty Prynces, our worshipful lordes,
your ful worthie vncles of Bedford and Gloucestre, ful largely endowed
f. 66™ of high trouth, Justice, and Wisedome, and also manhod. By whome
in these daies of your tendre Age We your true liege people ben protecte
and defendid, as wel in your Worthie Realme of ffraunce, as here in your
high presence, your possessions kepte, your peas and your lawes in
grettist partie obserued and execute, to great Joye, confort, and ease of
al your true people beyng vndre your obeisaunce; And to disconforte
and confusion, if god wol, of the partie aduerse; w4 a ful noble and com¬
modious mean that he hath prouydid for vs alle, the which4 is the trouth,
Wisedome, and Kyndence of al your other lordes, spirituel and temporel,
beyng of your high and sadde Counseile, shewid as wel in tyme of
1 The narrative down to this point is missing in Vit. F IX.
a Supply given. 3 vsed, Vit. F. 4 the which, re-beated in MS.
APPENDIX III
parliament as in other tyme of Counseil, wfc here assistence, cotidian
labour, and diligent besynes, thurgh the high supportacion and conforte
of your seid vncles, to the wele and ease of your liege people; for the
which Almyghty God be here thanked that best may, hopyng and trustyng
fully in your tendre tyme of here good and parfite contynuaunce; as
wele for the love of god as for the trouth, parfite loue, and kyndence,
the which thei beren of Right in your excellent persone. And, our
gracious souereigne lord, of that, that it hath likid to your highnes to
yeve us your true Comons comen to your highest Courte of Parliament,
such experient conforte and gladnes, to seen your high and roial persone
to sit and occupie your owne rightful see and place in your parliament,
to whome our Recours of Right must be to haue euery mysse refourmed,
We thanken you, our gracious souereigne lord, wfc al oure true poore
hertes as largely as we in our symples suffise, praiyng to almyghtie god
ful tenderly, wher al suffisaunce of thanke and al guerdon resteth, to
yeue you thanke and guerdon therfore, there as we suffise not, wfc his
glorious beneson and theterne parfite blessyng of vs al your true Comons.'
c Bisechyng lowly to that high lord, that of al lordes hath Domynacion, f. 67™
to send you our benigne souereigne lord, grace long to reigne vpon vs
your true humble liege people, w4 as moch ioie and welth as euer did any
cristen Prynce vpon his liege people, to theternal consolacion of vs alle.'
And the xxvj day of Nouembre the kyng with his modir remoeved from
Westm'. to Waltham, and a certeyn tyme there were abidyng; and fro
thens he remoevid to Hertford, where he helde his Cristmas, and the kyng
of Scottes with him.
And the parliament was aiourned vnto the xx day of Cristmas. In the
which parliament the Comons amonges here peticions askid, that a Statute
which was spoken of in the tyme of kyng Edward the iijd myght bene
enacted in this parliament in these maner wordes1. Also prien the Comons
that seth or for asmoch as in the tyme of noble kyng Edward the iijd after
the Conquest, the yere of his reigne xxv, at his parliament holden at Westm'.
were declared by statute of the seid parliament which thinges ought to be
callid or seid treason; among the which if a man were enditid, appelid,
or taken by suspecion of great treason, and for these causes committid
and holden in the kynges prisone, And after such a prisoner escapid
out of the kynges prisone, Declaracion was not made before this tyme
wheither suche escape shulde be demed treasone or nought. Be it
ordeyned and declared by auctoritie of this present parliament by a statute,
that if eny prisoner that be enditid, appelid, or taken by suspecion of
1 The English text of the Statute translates literally the Latin original in Rot.
Pari. iv. 260.
202
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
great treason, as it is bifore seid, and be committid and holden in the
kynges prisone for that cause, and wilfully escape out of the seid prisone,
that such escape be demed and declared treason, if eny persone be therof
dedly1 atteynt after the lawes of this lande. And the lordes of the fee
in such caas to haue their forfeitures and eschetes of the landes and
tenementes of hem holden of such persones so atteynted, as of hyrn that
f. 67™ bene atteynt of Petit treasone. And holde this2 statute place and
effecte 3 to the next parliament.
Also in the moneth of feuerer Sir Jamys Steward, kyng of Scottes,
wedded Dame Johanne, the Dukes4 doughter of Clarence of hir first
husband therle of Somerset, at Seint Marie Ouerey and great solempnite
and fest was holden in the Bisshoppis Inne of Wynchestre.
Also the xiiij day of the seid moneth of ffeuerer duryng the same
Parliament Sir John Mortymer, knyght, was appechid of treason in
maner as after foloweth.
It is to remembre that William Kyng of Wymolton in Ridale5 in
Yorkshire, seruaunt of Robert Scot, Squier, lieutenaunt of the Tour of
London, this Day the xiiij day of feuerer, the ijd yere of our liege lord
the kyng henry the vjte, afore al the lordes of this present parliament of
his owne wille hath seid and declared howe sir John Mortymer, knyght,
being in the warde and prisone of the same Tour, about xv daies goon,
seid, wisshid, and desired of the same William, wenyng that he had loued
the same Mortymer as truely, as hertely, and as kyndely, as euer the
same William lovid eny man. To whome the same William seid, that,
his feith and legeaunce savid, he lovid hym and wolde loue hym kyndely
and truely. And also the same William seid he wolde be true to hym,
save that he wolde not offende the Duke of Gloucestre, ne non of the
lordes, ne true liege man of the kyng. And so ceassid here spech at that
tyme. Whereupon anon folovvyng the same William told his Maister
aboueseid the matier afore writon, and seid that he supposed that
Mortymer was false and wolde be false prisoner, if he myght; to which
f. 68r0 matier the same lieutenaunt seid and chargid the same William, if
Mortymer moevid or disclosid eny matier like to trouth after the tyme,
the same William shuld hoten hym, and folow his wille, and fauour him
as his frende, til he knewe his purpose; and fro tyme to tyme warne his
Maister therof and concele it to al other men, vpon peyne of his liffe.
Also the same William seith, that after that tyme the same Mortymer
desirid his loue. And this William askid him, what love he wolde desire;
1 duement, Rot. Pari. 2 the, Vit. F.
s del xx jour d'Octobre darrein passe tan quam au proschein Parlement Rot. Pari.
4 i. e. duchess.
5 Wemylton in ridall, Vit. F.
APPENDIX III
383
he seid to late the same Mortymer out of prisone. This William askid
hym, what he wolde give him to helpe to delyuer hym; he seid x. ii in
his purs, an haburion, and a doublet, and xl. ii worth of land by yere
terme of his life. And er half a yere after his delyueraunce he wolde
make the same William knyght, and yeve him as moch land as eny
Baron in England hath. And thanne this William asked him where he
wolde gone out of the tour. And Mortimer badde him bryng hym into
the vtter warde, and he wolde goon ouer the walle safely ynough. And
this William askid Mortymer to what place he wolde goone after his
Delyueraunce. He seid he wolde goon into Walis to the Erie of March,
and this William shuld goo w* him. And William askid him what he
wolde do there. And he seid he wolde make arise xl M1. men in Walis
and England and on the bordres of Walis. And he seid he wolde fere
the Duke of Gloucestre and smyte of his hedde and al the Lordes
heddes. And specially the Bisshoppis hedde of Wynchestre, for
Mortymer wolde pley w* his money. And he seid also that therle of the
March was but a dawe, save that he was the grettist, noblist, and worthiest
blode of this land. And this William seid, Save the kynges blode. And f. 68vo
this Mortymer seid, that therle of the March shulde be kyng, if he had
right and trouth; And he shulde be his here. And if therle of the
March wolde not take the Rule of the Realme and the Crowne, this
Mortymer seid that he wolde take vpon hym the Rule and the Crowne,
for he was next heir therto. Also the same William askid of Mortymer
at the same tyme, if he myght not haue his purpose and holde his way
into Walis, to what place that he wolde goon ellis. And Mortymer seid
that he wolde goon vnto the Dolphyn in ffraunce, for there he knewe
wele he shuld haue releffe, and retinewe of xx M1. people to bryng hym
to his purpose, and that he shulde be right welcome to the Dolphyn.
And al thes matiers the seid William wol prove vpon the same Mortimer
wt his body, or elles as the Lordes and Comons of this present Parlia¬
ment wol awarden. Which John Mortymer, after that the Statute
aforeseid was enactid, he escapid out of the tour wilfully and was taken
ageyne. And by auctorite of the Parliament he was dampned to be
drawen and hanged as for a treitour.
Also this same yere the iijd day of march was Crotey1 yolden to the
Duke of Bedford, which long tyme before had bene bisegid2.
Also the same yere therle of the March wt many other Lordes and
great Retinue went into Irland, and there deied.
Also the same yere Sir John Radclife, Seneschal of Guyen, gate many
townes and Castelles in Guyen, that is to sey:
1 Crotoy. 2 long tyme hadde bene be seged by fore, Vit. F.
284
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
ffirst the Cite of Basades1, by sege and by day of bateile assigned, in
the land of Bordeloys.
Also the towne and Castel of Rule2 by scalyng.
Also the towne of Rula2 by composicion.
Also the Castel of grounde s.
Also the Castel and Lordshippe of Endorte4.
Also the towne of Seint Basille 5.
Also Marmande the towne, and castel of Melan6.
Also the castel of femel7 vpon the River of Loot.
Also the towne of Seintase ) . „ • r j •
.. . . T , . > vpon the River of Dordoigne.
Also the towne of Jensake 8 j
Also the Castel of Mauron9 by assaute taken and brent.
Also the towne and Castel of Duras.
Also the towne of Mountsucre 10.
Also the Castel of Lauenak.
Also the Castel of Pelagrue.
Also the Castel of Serneis11 in the Laundes.
Also the Castel of Noelain 12 in the Laundes was yolden the viith day
of Juyl, the yere of our Lord a M1. iiijc and xxiiij.
And at Burgh13 were taken a M. men of armes.
Also the same yere John Beauchamp wanne the Castel of Cassak, and
the Castel of Donel, both vpon the River of Loot. Also he hath riden
with his compeigny in the landes of Roergue and Montalbon, where non
Englisshe men comon in xl yere bifore14; and there goten prisoners, and
moch other goodes. Also this yere vpon our Lady day thassumpcion was
Iuory yolden, which therle of Salisbury wt o)?er lordes long tyme had bisegid.
Also the xvij15 day of August was the bateile of Vernull in perch atwixt
the Duke of Bedford, Regent of ffraunce and the Armenakes wt Scottes.
And the Englisshe men had the better partie; flfor there were slayne
of our aduersaries Therle of Boughan, Therle Duglas, Therle of Aumarle,
Therle of Tonnare, Therle of Vauntedore, The Vicount Nerbon, and
many moo to the numbre of x 16 Ml and moo. But the moost vengeaunce
I Bazas. 2 One of these is presumably La Reole and the other Rions.
3 Gironde. 1 Castets-en-Dorthe.
5 Ste Bazeille.
6 Marmande, and Meilhan. 7 Fumel on the Lot.
8 Rensak, Vit. F ; probably Gensac is meant; I cannot identify Seintase.
9 Castelmoron.
10 Mountsecve, Vit. F, where Duras, Mountsecve, Lauenak, and Pelagrue are
bracketed as 'by twene too Mairises,' i.e. in Entre Deux Mers; Mountsucre is
Monsegur.
II Sernes or Cernes, arrondissement Bazas.
12 Noaillan, arrondissement Bazas. 13 Bourg-sur-mer.
14 xl wynter byfore, Vit. F. 15 xviij, Vit. F.
16 Originally xl, but the 1 has been struck out.
APPENDIX III
285
fel vpon the prowde Scottes, for there were slayne of hem mo than xvij C.
Cote Armours the same day by accomptes of heraudes. Wherfore it
may be seid of hem the worde of olde tyme: that in the Croke of the
Mone came thei thiderward, and in the wilde wanyng went thei homewarde.
John Michell { Water } Ann0 "j"*
1 Also this yere after Easter the kyng helde his Parliament at Westm'.,
which bigan the last day of Aprile; and the kyng corned to London the
xxvij day of Aprile, which was Saturday, w^ his moder in hir Chare frome
Wyndesore vnto Seint Poulis; and at the West dore he was taken out of
his Chare by his Vncle Duke of Gloucestre, and by his bele Vncle Duke
of Excestre; and he went vpon his fete fro the west Dore to the steires,
and so vp into the quere. And than he was borne vp, and offred. And
than was set vpon a courser, and so rood thurgh the Chepe and London
to Kenyngton. And the kyng held his see diuerse daies in the
parliament. And in the parliament was graunted to the kyng the Subsidie
of xijd. of the pounde of almaner marchaundise comyng in and passyng
out of the Realme : and iij Shillynges of the tonne ; to bigynne at lamas, f.
and so to endure vnto the fest of Seint Martyn the yere of our lorde M1
iiij C. xxvj, vpon this condicion, that alle merchauntes straungers shul bene
vndre hoste wtynne xv. daies after here comyng, er thei make eny sale of
theire marchaundise: and wtynne xl. daies after that thei bene vndre
hoste thei shal selle here marchaundise : and what leveth vnsolde at
xl. daies ende shalbe forfeitid to the kyng. Also that euery Englisshe
marchaunt shalbe bileued by his oth and by his lettre. And if any
Englissh marchaunt haue more marchaundise comyng yn or goyng
outwarde than he maketh relacion to the Collectours of the Subsidie,
he shal pay double Custume for that ware that is not custumed. And if
eny marchaundise that shuld be shippid by Englisshe marchauntes
be perisshid, or lost in the see, or taken by enymys, it shal be liefful
to the seid marchauntes afterward to ship asmoch marchaundise wkmt
paiyng of eny subsidie. Also in this same parliament was grauntid
to the kyng by the Comons v nobles of the Sak of Wolle; and for ij C.
and xl. wolle fellis v nobles; for to bigynne the iijd day after seint
Martyn in Nouembre next comyng, and so duryng furth iij yeres fulle;
to pay the seid subsidie, half the some vj monethes after the Daie of the
Coket, and that other half vj monethes after that. And if eny wolle
or wolle felles so shippid and custumed, be perisshid, lost, or taken
w4 enymys, that the marchauntes that so haue lost here goode shalbe
dischargid ayenst the kyng of paiyng of that subsidie, and if the subsidie
1 Almost the whole narrative for this year is missing in Vit. F IX.
28 6
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
f. 70™ be paide, that thanne it shalbe liefful to hem to ship asmoch suche
wolle or wolfells as the some amounteth so lost w*out paiyng eny
subsidie. Also in the same parliament was graunted a subsidie that
al alliens shulde paie xliij s. iiij d. for a sak wolle, and asmoch for ij C. and
xl wolfelles, to endure iij yeres as bifore is seid. And if so be that the
condicions forseid be not observid ne kepte vpon the kynges partie,
that thanne the graunte of tonnage and poundage of the Marchauntes
Englissh be voide and of no value.
1 After the tyme that therle of Salisbury and of Perch, w^ the help
of our Lord Jhesu Crist, and by the Ordinaunce of the right high, right
excellent and myghty Prynce, Henry, by the grace of god kyng of
ffraunce and of England, our souereigne lord, and the Regent of the
Realme of ffraunce. the Duke of Bedford, had leid the Sege about the
Cite of Manns, and by a certen space of tyme had contynued and
proced in dede of the seid sege to make his neighyng or approchment
to the Cite, to that ende that he myght constreyne and putyn to obeisaunce
of the seid lorde the kyng the people dwellyng and inhabityng, and
other ocupiyng the same cite and toune aboueseid: The ful reuerent
fadir in god and bishop of Manns, and other folk of holy Chirch,
the noble Burgeis dwellyng and enhabiting and other occupiyng the same
Cite, be drawen toward the seid Erie, and hym haue besought and
required, that forto eschewen the Distruccion of the seid Cite, of the
f. 7ir0 People, and the Contres ther about, and forto eschewen and fleen the
shedyng of Cristen mennes blode, and other evilles and Inconuenientes
that likly shulde ensuen by occasion of the seid Sege, and namely
by the takyng of the seid cite, if it so were that it were taken by
strength, he wolde take and receive hem to swete, amyable, and gracious
composicion. And for as the seid Erie, seyng here humilite, moevid
of piete for consideracion of that that is seid, and for thonour and
Reuerence of God our Creatour, and of our Moder holy Chirch, and of
the blessed and gracious seint, seynt Julian, Patron of the seid Cite, and2
he is enclyned to hir prier and request, and so is he condescended
to treten w* hem by the maner and fourme as after foloweth :
[The agreement then follows to f. 72^.]
Johannes Gidney { Robert 0?!^ } Vic' A° vjto-
This yere the kyng held his Parliament at Westmynster, and was
aiourned til after Cristmas. And in this Parliament the kyng helde
A leaf appears to be lost in Vit. F; only the last few lines of this passage af>t>ear
at the top of i. 59.
2 and, markedfor omission.
APPENDIX III
287
his See Diuerse Daies. And in this Parliament was graunted the thinges
after folowyng, that is to say :—
To the worship of god, and for the grete Loue and entier afifeccion,
the which we poore Comons of this Realme haue to our souereigne lord
the kyng, by thassent of the lordes Spirituel and temporel, graunte to our
seid lord the kyng in this present parliament, for the defence of the seid
Realme and for the keping of the see; a subsidie to be paide by
marchauntes Deynzyns, that is to sey of euery ton wyne comyng into
this Realme, fro the fest of Seint Ambrose next comyng vnto thende
of the same yere than next folowyng, by the Waye of Marchaundise iij s.
And of euery other Marchaundise passyng out of the same Realme f. 78ro
or comyng into the same Realme by the same Marchauntes Denisens,
duryng the same tyme, by way of Marchaundise of the value of xx s. xij d.
Excepte Wolle, Wolfelle, or eny maner Wollen Cloth1, so that no
Marchaunt Englisshe be chargid to paie or do paie any subsidie of
tonnage or poundage for Wolle, Wolfelle, or almaner of Wollen Cloth;
so that if eny Marchaunt Denisyn haue eny maner Marchaundise into eny
ship or vessell to passe out of this Realme, or take out of any ship
nought2 custumed, that thanne the seid Marchauntes Denisyns ne
forfeit for that cause in no maner wise the seid Marchaundise passyng
outward or comyng inward so not3 custumed, but that the seid Marchaunts
Denisyns paie or do to paie to our souereigne lord double Custume or
subsidie therfor for thoo Marchaundise not4 custumed.
And also the seid Comons graunted to our seid souereigne lord for the
seid defence, that all enhabitauntes and householders w^ynne eny parisshe
of the seid Realme of the nombre of x householders, alwey Cities and
tounes or Burghes5 except, of which parisshes the Chirches be not
extendid6 or singlerly ben extendid6 wtin the annuel value of x marc,
paie to our seid souereigne vj s. viij d. of here goodes moeuables7, and
ouer this al enhabitauntes householders in euery parisshe w^ynne the
seid Realme, except the seid Cities and Burghes, of the which the
parisshes the chirches be singlerly extendid to the value of x Marc,
beyng x Enhabitauntes in hem, paie xiij s. viij d. of his goodes moeuables.
And so vnto the highist extent after Rate. And that the Enhabitauntes
householders in euery parisshe w4ynne Cities and Burghes in the seid
Realme, in likewise and fourme enhabitid, beyng there of Annuel value
of xx s., paie to our seid souereigne lord ij s. And aboue after the Rate the x part,
to the highist value of the parisshe Chirch by due enquerre therof to be f. 7SV0
1 except wollfell or eny maner wollen clothe, Vit. F ; and similarly lower down.
2 not, Vit. F. 3 noght, Vit. F. 4 soo nought, Vit. F.
5 borowes, Vit. F. 6 extented, Vit. F. 7 theire goodes mebles, Vit. F.
288
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
hadde. Savyng alwey in such enqueries to the seid Cities and Burghes
here fraunchesis and liberties.
Also the seid comens grauntid to our seid Souereigne lord, that euery
persone wtynne this seid Realme beyng seasid of landes and tenementes
wtynne the same Realme in here demesne as free holde, which landes and
tenementes ben holden immediately by hole knyghtes fee, paie1 to our
seid souereigne lord vj s. viij d. And so after the Rate to the iiijtlx parte
of a knyghtes fee, alle temporel possessions Dimables: And the
possessionem of hem for the same possessions: Excepte the seid subsidie
of enhabitauntes householders wtynne the seid parisshes: to be paied in
the fest of Penticost next comyng. And the subsidie of the seid knyghtes
fees wkynne the Rate therof to be paide at the fest of the Natite of Seint
John Baptist next comyng. Trustyng alwey that for the Omission
and excepcion of the seid Spirituel possessions, that the Lordes Spirituel
wol graunte to our seid Souereigne lord an holle dymes for the defense
aforseid. Alwey forseen that no persone in this present parliament by
thauctorite of our seid souereigne lorde for the Comune of this land
be in eny wise Commissioner or Assessour of the seid subsidies. Also
alwey forseen that the lady of Holand, that liveth in grete Dolour and
hevynes, And hath so lamentably writen to our seid souereigne lord,
and to al thastates of this noble Realme, be so purveied fore by wey of
trete or in other wise by the high wisedome of our souereigne lord and
by thabundaunt Discrecions of the lordes of his Counseile, that hir
persone and alle the Aliaunce of olde tyme 2 be put in fast and sekernes
in singler conforting of the seid Comens, and thoo that thei ben comen
fore. And that the Collectours of the goode and Revenues of the seid
grauntes be reasonably rewarded for her labour and costages had for the
lone of the same by the discrecions of the tresorer and barons of
theschegwyr for the tyme beyng.
Also this yere therle of Salisbury sailid ouer the see w4 a feire
Compeigny. And the Carde. come to London vpon seint Gilis Day.
And the Maire and Aldermen, w* the Craftes, roden ayenst him, and
receyued him worthely. Also the same yere therle of Sar. was slayne at
the Sege of Oliaunce. But yet was the Sege holden by other lordes, and
contynued but not long after.
1 paide, Vit. F.
2 In Vit. F this comes at the top of f. 65™ and is hardly readable, but the words
hir londes hadde and contynued yet come between olde tyme and sekernesse.
NOTES
P. 1, 10. Richardus Dukef. Other authorities give his name as 'Nicholas.'
P. 2, 5. In this same yere, &c. This notice, like others in the early part
of the Chronicle, does not differ materially from those in H., G., and J. B I.
The differences are such as we might expect to find if the four scribes had
translated independently from the Latin original. On this occasion I give
the text of the other versions.
H. 'In this yere of oure lord a M^ccij, there fallen grete reynes, and
hailstones as gret as an ey medlyd with reyn, where }>orugh trees, vines,
comes, al maner frutes were moche distroied; and j>e people were sore
abaysshed. ffor j>ere were seyn foules fleynge in )>" eyre, berynge in here
billes brennyng coles, whiche brenden manye houses.'
G. ' And that yere were grete tempestys of wedyr ande raynys, thoundyr
and lyghtenynge, and hayle stonys the grettenys of eggys fylle downe a monge
the rayne, where of treys and vynys, cornys, and alle maner of frute were
gretely dystryde. Al so there were sene fowlys and bryddys fleynge in
the ayre, berynge fyre on ther mouthys, that brente many howsys ; thys was
the yere of oure Lorde M1. cc & ij.'
J. B I. In this yere of the kyng, and of oure lord M1. CC. ij° yere, there
fil grete Reynes, and strong lightnynges, and thunders, and grete haile stones
of the gretenesse of henne Egges fil downe among the Reyne, wher thurgh
trees, vynes, and Cornes, and almaner fruytes were moche distroied, and the
people was sore abasshid. ffor there were seen foulis fliyng in the Eire,
beryng in theire billes brennyng Colis, that brenned many houses.'
27, 28. Rogerus de Wynchestre, Ed7nundus Hordell. These names
really belong to the ioth year; the same mistake occurs in H. and J. B I.
The officers for the rest of the reign are consequently misdated by a year,
The proper officers for the 9th year were Henry of St. Alban's, and Serlo the
Mercer; see Collections of a London Citizen, p. 243. (Dr. Gairdner has
there given a critical list of the mayors and sheriffs from 1199 to 1470 ;
I shall not therefore notice any further variations except those which are
peculiar to J. B II.)
29. And all thes men, &c. This note is peculiar to J. B II.
35. Petrus ffilius Aldewini. This is a curious error. The first mayor
was Henry Fitzailwin, who probably held office from 1191 till his death
in 1212 {Diet. Nat. Biog. xix. 86). The Liber de Antiquis Legibus dates his
mayoralty from 1189, but all the London Chronicles give 1209 as the date of
the first mayor, as distinguished from Custos. Peter Fitzailwin was Henry's
eldest son.
KINGSFORD
U
390
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
P. 3, 5. In this yere, &c. In H. under the 16th, and in G. under the
17th year.
81. Ricardus Renger. It is presumably through an error of the copyist
that Renger is given both as mayor and sheriff for the 6th year. Serlo was
again mayor that year.
P. 4, 19 to P. 5, 6. Mayors. The names differ from those in the accepted
list from the 22nd to the 36th years, viz. 22, Richard Renger ; 23, William
Joyner; 24, Gerard Batte ; 25 to 28, Reginald de Bungey ; 29, Michael
Tony; 30, John de Gisors; 31, Peter Fitz Aleyn; 32, Michael Tony;
33, Roger Fitz Roger; 34, John Norman ; 35, Adam Basyng ; 36, uncertain
(Collections of a London Citizen, 246, 247). Stow (Survey, 186) agrees with
our chronicle except for the 33rd to 35th years.
P. 5, 13. Stephanus Doo. Ralph Ashwy and Robert de Lynton were
removed in the 39th year, and Stephen Doo, or de Oystergate, and Henry
Walmond appointed in their place. This change has led to inaccuracies in
the list of sheriffs to the end of the reign of Henry III. See Collections, &c.,
248, 249.
27, &c. Mayors. The accepted list is 43, John de Gisors; 44 and
45, William Fitz Richard ; 46 to 49, Thomas Fitz Thomas.
P. 6, 3. Willehnus ffitz Richard. He was Custos in the 50th year.
5. Alanus Souche. He was Custos for the 51st and part of the 52nd
years, and was succeeded by Thomas Ippegrave and Stephen de Eddeworthe.
9. Hugh ffitz Thomas. Hugh Fitz Otho was Custos this year.
P. 7, 7. Gregorius Rokesly. Rokesly was removed on 5 June, 1285, when
the king took the liberties of London into his own hand and appointed Ralph
de Sandwich, one of the judges and constable of the Tower, to be Custos.
The Latin record is peculiar to J. B II.
P. 8, 17. In this same yere, &c. Nearly as in H. ; in G. it appears more
accurately under 3 Edward II. The order was not actually suppressed
till 1312.
P. 10, 5. In this same yere, &c. Edward was born 15 June, 1330, in the
4th, and Mortimer was executed 29 Nov. in the 5th mayoral year.
13. Berwyk was y-yolden. The siege of Berwick was in 1333, the
7th year.
27. a grete moreyne. In G. and H. under the 9th year.
35. cha7iged hys Armes. Belongs to the 14th year, as in G. and H.
38. Hugo Marberer. A mistake ; the second sheriff this year was
Roger Forsham.
P. 11, 22. Bataylle off Cressy. Placed correctly in the 20th year ; in G. and
H. under the 21st.
P. 12, 23. a grete derthe. The notice resembles G. more closely than H.
34. Peyters. Date again correct; in G. and H. under the 31st year.
P. 13, 18. Herry, Duk off Lancastre. He died 13 May, 1351. G. and H.
are again a year too late.
21. the grete wytide. On St. Maurice's Day, 21 Sept. 1362.
29. Bataylle off Orrey. The battle of Auray (29 Sept. 1364) belongs to
NOTES
the 38th year, as also does the death of John of France (13 April, 1364).
The same errors occur in G. and H.
P. 14, 9. Bat ay lie of Nayers. The date of Najara was 3 April, 1367,
in the 41st year. The notice resembles H. more nearly than G.
13. Erie off Dene. This was Alfonso Count of Denia in Spain, see
further, below.
21. Phelipp. Philippa died 15 August, 1369, in the 43rd year : error
common to G. and H.
29. John Norwold. In G. and H. it is stated that he was killed at
a wrestling. G. calls him Northwood.
P. 15, 6. Mystreworth. Minstreworth was executed for treason 12 April,
1377-
10. Anno lij. The appearance of a 52nd year is curious, for Edward III
died on 21 June, 1377, in his 51st regnal and mayoral year. The error is
common to all the MSS., and in other copies it is made worse by assigning
to the 52nd year the events of the 51st. J. B II, however, creates further con¬
fusion by giving the same mayor for both years, though it has already been
stated that Stable was removed on 21 March. In the other copies Pykeman
and Twyford are given as the sheriffs of the 52nd year. The error was
probably due to the change of mayor in the middle of the year. It may help
to explain the faulty chronology of some earlier years of the reign.
20. Robert Hawle. Hawle, or Hauley, and John Schakel had taken
prisoner the Count of Denia at Najara. The Count was allowed by them to
go home, leaving his son in England. After the death of Edward III some
of the Court party, in the interests of John of Gaunt, endeavoured to secure
the young Count. Hawle and Schakel were sent to the Tower, but escaped.
Hawle took refuge at Westminster, where he was killed in resisting arrest by
Sir Alan Buxhull (Walsingham, Hist. Angl. i. 304, 376-8, 411).
34. Breede and Chese. This story, so far as I can discover, occurs only
here. It is, however, repeated by Stow (Annales, 288) with somewhat more
detail.
P. 16, 2. Jakke Strawe. This is an error, which Stow reproves (Survey,
81). It appears, however, in all versions of the Chronicles. Jack Strawe
was probably only a nickname, like Jack Sharpe in 1431. Knighton (ii. 137)
definitely identifies Jack Strawe with Wat Tyler.
P. 18, 7. So grete prees was there. On this incident see further the notice
from V. on p. 267, 11. 8-10, above.
23. mordred. . . with ij Tovaylles. The manner of Gloucester's death
is described only here and in H. and J. B I.
P. 19, 3. In this same yere. The preliminary notice is shorter, but
apparently derived from the same source as those in H. and G. The refer¬
ence to Sir Rauff Sally occurs only in J. B II ; the proper form is Selby ; he
had been Dean of York, and was Warden of King's Hall, Cambridge.
25. Here sewyn the Articles. J. B II is the only extant version of the
Chronicles of London in which this long account of the Parliament of 1399
has been preserved. It is clearly founded on official documents. We may
U 'I
'292
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Conjecture that the new government thought it expedient to court publicity
(cf. p. 24), and allowed a record of the proceedings to be circulated. The
account here preserved is identical in matter and arrangement with one con¬
tained in MS. Bodley 596 (formerly Bodley MS. 2376). In the Bodley MS.,
which was written very soon after 1399, the narrative is headed, ' Deposicio
Regis Richardi secundi per parliamentum, cum processu et omnibus actibus.'
There then follows in Latin, on ff. 65-80, an account of the proceedings
in Parliament down to the formal resignation of homage. {Inc. Memorandum
quod die lune ; explicit, resignavit et reddidit sub his verbis.) This cor¬
responds with pp. 19-47 of our Chronicle. The narrative then continues
in French : ' et meyntenant le Roi fist ses officiers.' This portion corresponds
with pp. 47-58 of the Chronicle, and ends abruptly with the reference to the
' enemies off ffraunce.' There is, however, a considerable gap from ' the
ffirst errour' on p. 51 to 'have be smyten off' on p. 54\ A translation
of the latter part of the Bodley MS. is given in Archaeologia, xx. 275-81.
The narrative in our Chronicle and the Bodley MS. is the original of those
given by Holinshed (iii. 1-8), and by Fabyan, who probably used the
English version in a copy of the Chronicles of London.
Other versions of the documents are preserved in the Annales Ricardi
Secundi, the Vita Ricardi by a Monk of Evesham, and Otterbourne's
Chronicle. Of these, the first can alone compare with our Chronicle. The
Vita is somewhat less full than the Annales, except that it includes the text
of Arundel's sermon ; it stops short with the formal resignation of homage.
Otterbourne has only an abbreviation, with an abstract of the Articles. The
official record is contained in the Rolls of Parliament (iii. 416-45).
The first part of our Chronicle, corresponding with the Latin of the
Bodley MS., is in effect a translation of the Roll, but with some matter which
is peculiar to itself (see footnotes on pp. 21, 26, 27, 28 and 36). The some¬
what involved form of the English text is due to its general fidelity to the
original; the footnotes will serve to indicate the translator's method.
The second part of our Chronicle, corresponding with the French of the
Bodley MS., falls into three principal divisions: (1) ceremonies connected
with the Coronation, pp. 48-50 ; (2) debates in the Parliament, pp. 50-60;
(3) various petitions and ordinances, pp. 60-2. The first two of these are
represented by corresponding matter in the Aiinales, but with additions
which are otherwise known only through Holinshed. The petitions are to be
found in the Rolls of Parliament, but for the most part in a different form.
I have thought it convenient to cite the parallel passages in footnotes to the
text.
On the Articles generally see Stubbs, Constitutional History, ii.
527-9-
P. 24, 8. wretyn articuler <wyse. The Articles had been drawn up by a
committee of bishops and doctors during the previous week, as described by
Adam of Usk (Chronicle, p. 29), who was himself a member of the com¬
mission.
1 I am indebted for an account of this MS. to Mr. F. Madan.
NOTES
2 93
25. the kyng with his covyne. A reference to the royalist plot or
' conventiculum' of 1387.
34. late at Shrevysbury. The judges were called together first at
Shrewsbury and afterwards at Nottingham in August, 1387.
P.28, 14. Parlement holdyn at Shrovesbury, i.e. in Jan. 1398.
P. 33, 11. grete sommes grauntyd, i.e. by ' le Plesaunce' shortly before
he went to Ireland in 1399 ; Annates, 235 ; Walsingham, Hist. Angl. ii. 230.
P. 47, 9. the abreggynge off the day off the parlement. Under the Great
Charter the summons for a commune consilium had to be issued at least
forty days before ; this was generally held to be binding for the summons of
parliament. Cf. Stubbs, Const. Hist. iii. 394.
P. 48, 17. And ther he made certeyn knyhtes. So full a list of the knights
is given nowhere else before Holinshed. Other lists give the number of the
knights variously as forty-one, forty-five, fifty or fifty-four, and generally head the
list withtheking's four sons. Thedefinite reference here to'three'may be taken
to prove that Henry of Monmouth had actually been knighted by Richard II in
Ireland as stated by Creton (ap. Archaeologia, xx. 31) and in Gregory's
Chronicle, p. 101 ; though some writers have discredited those statements.
Most of the other knights named are young nobles of position, or men in
Henry's personal service, like Thomas Beauchamp, Walter Hungerford, and
Robert Chalons. References to the majority may be found in the Patent
Rolls (see especially the Commissions of Array in Dec. 1399, Cal. Pat.
Rolls, Henry IV, i. 210, and also 63, 153, and 154). Some of the names as
given in the text may be corrupt; Almare Seyntaumer is no doubt Almaric
de St. Amand; Richard off Sanap may be Richard Stanhope ; Grasle,
Gybthorp, and Dencourt are better spelt Gresley, Gipthorpe and Deyncourt.
The variations from our text in the Bodley MS. and in Holinshed are trivial.
The former has 'William Boteler,' 'John Daschton,' 'Richard Sinape,' and
' Almare Seintamour '; Holinshed has ' William Butler' and ' Ailmer Saint.'
From the ceremony at Henry's coronation the heralds date the original
foundation of the Order of the Bath. See further Traison et mort du Roy
Richart, p. 225 n., Wylie, Henry IV, i. 43, Stubbs, Const. Hist. iii. 15.
35. ffurred with Menever. Froissart (bk. iv. c. 16) describes the knights
as dressed in long green coats, with the sleeves cut straight and furred with
menever.
P. 49, 1. The Moneday next affter, i.e. 13 October.
29. one Thomas Dymt/iok. He was champion as representing his
mother, Margaret, widow of Sir John Dymmok, and heiress through her
grandmother Jane of the old barons Marmion. Her claim was disputed by
Sir Baldwin de Freville. Adam of Usk was counsel for the Dymmoks
(cf. Chron. 29). The words of the Challenge are given only here.
P. 50, 17. Sir John Cheyne cxcusid him. Ill-health was the plea ; but
the real reason seems to have been his inclination to Lollardry {Annates,
290). The name of his successor is generally given as John Doreward.
P. 51, 37. a bille made by hym in Englysshe. The substance of the Bill is
given in Latin in the Annates, 304-5.
294
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
P. 54, 1. thanne seyde the Duk off Excestre. Exeter's protest is given at
greater length than by other contemporary writers. But see Fabyan, 566,
and Holinshed, iii. 5.
P. 57, 29. le Markes. This is John Beaufort, then Marquis of Dorset, and
the only lord of that rank ; on his degradation he reverted to his old title of
Earl of Somerset.
35. Sir Walter Clopton. The Chief Justice of the King's Bench, who was
present in Parliament in virtue of his office.
P. 58, 33. ffor as muche as the prince. This petition does not appear in
the Rolls of Parliament. It is contained only here and in the Bodley MS.
(see Archaeologia, xx. 281). The danger of complications with France and
Scotland was pressing and obvious. In Ireland O'Neill was up in arms,
and many English families showed a disposition to join with the native Irish
against the government. The movement was probably anti-English rather
than anti-Lancastrian. See Wylie, Henry IV, i. 222.
P. 59, 29. Hit was awardyd. The terms of the judgement are much
abbreviated from the full text of the Rolls of Parliament. The latter part, in
the second person, reads as though it might have been taken down in brief
by one, who heard Thirnyng address the lords ; whilst the formal text was of
course entered in the Roll.
P. 60, 13. then Sir May hew Gurney. We know that Sir Matthew Gurney
(or Gournay) was present in the Parliament, for he is named amongst those
assenting to the judgement of Richard II, where the last two on the list are:
' Monsr. Th. Erpyngham, Chamberleyn, Monsr. Mayhewe Gournay' (Rot.
Pa7-l. iii. 427). Neither Erpyngham nor Gurney was ever summoned as
a peer, and from this passage it seems probable that Gurney, like Erpyngham,
was present in an official capacity. The incident is given only by our
Chronicle, but see Holinshed, iii. 8.
P. 61, 10. Sir William Rikhill. He had been a Justice of the Common
Pleas since 1389. In Sept. 1397 he was sent to Calais to obtain Gloucester's
confession, but without previous knowledge of the commission he was to
perform. The consequent charge of complicity in Gloucester's murder was
investigated by Sir Walter Clopton. The straightforward defence, which
Rikhill made in Parliament on 18 Nov., secured his exoneration (Rot. Pari.
iii. 431).
P. 63, 34. the lorde Castell with a grete multitude off Bretons. The
Bretons landed at Plymouth on 10 August 1403, under Guillaume du Chastel
of Chateau Neuf near St. Malo (a brother of the celebrated Tanneguy du
Chatel). This incident is not noticed in other copies of the Chronicle. But
see Monstrelet, i. 80, Caxton's Chronicle, 218, Annales Henrici Quarti, 375,
and Wylie, Henry IV, i. 383.
P. 64, 7. at the Pole two myle out off Dertemouth. The attack on
Dartmouth—15 April, 1404—is described more briefly in H. The Black pool
is an inlet near Stoke Fleming, a little south of Dartmouth. See further
Monstrelet, i. 81, Annales, 384, and Wylie, Henry IV, i. 435.
24. all the weyrs. The destruction of the weirs is noticed in all the
NOTES
295
Chronicles, but the reason given here is peculiar to this copy. In G. it is said
that ' they dystroyed moche yonge frye, for the pepylle gaffe hit hir hoggys.'
30. Sir Herry Percy. The defeat of Northumberland and Bardolf at
Bramham Moor in 1408 belongs to the 9th year.
P. 65, 3. the comones -putte a bille. The full text of the Bill is given here
alone. Fabyan (p. 575), who has been hitherto our best authority, gave only
a partial and imperfect copy with an abstract of the conclusion, omitting
much that is of interest. Walsingham (Historia Atiglicana, ii. 282), after
translating the first paragraph, goes on to say : ' Sed cum niterentur ostendere,
de quibus locis tam grandes summae levari possent, unde praemissi dota-
rentur, sive ditarentur, defecerunt scrutantes scrutinio, et dum diligunt
vanitatem quaesivere mendacium. Serenissimus autem Princeps, abominatus
tantam Lollardorum malitiam, prohibuit ne de caetero praesumerent talia
commentari.' Otterbourne (267-8) notices the proposal briefly, as aimed,
not at the profit of the realm, but the destruction of the Church; and says
that it was vetoed by the prince and the king. The project was revived in
1431 by Jack Sharpe, who, says Amundesham {Annates, i. 63), distributed
bills in London, Coventry, Oxford, and other towns against the retention of
their possessions by the religious communities. One of these bills has been
preserved in Harley MS. 3775, and is printed in the Rolls Edition of
Amundesham (i. 453-6). Sharpe's Bill agrees fairly closely with our text
as far as ' the fferthe some xxij m1 marces.' His conclusion, though founded
on the original Bill, differs a good deal in form, and omits altogether the
notable reference to fifteen universities.
The date of the Bill is given by Fabyan, Walsingham, and Otterbourne as
1410. This date is more probable than that of 1407 given in our text; since
the Prince, though he was present in the Parliament at Gloucester in 1407,
had not then the same political influence as he possessed three years later.
Moreover, in the Rolls of Parliament (iii. 623) it is stated that the Commons
prayed for a return of a petition touching Lollardry, which had been presented
in their name, requesting that nothing might be enacted thereon. The
petition thus withdrawn must have been the Lollards Bill, to which, as a con¬
sequence, no other reference appears in the Roll.
It will be observed that, according to Walsingham, the Lollards failed to
justify the financial basis of their scheme. The sums set down in the Bill
for the various groups of bishoprics and abbeys are clearly round figures
fixed somewhat by random guesswork. Moreover, the total should be
342,000 marks, instead of 322,000, since the 'thridde some' amounts as
given to 120,000 marks. But even thus the supposed revenues would not
suffice to provide for fifteen earls, 1,500 knights, 6,200 squires and 100 alms¬
houses on the proposed scale, which would require 45,000 + 150,000 +
248,000 + 10,000 = 453,000. Fabyan seems to have noticed the first difficulty
and attempted a solution. This he achieved by omitting the last sub-group
of the ' third sum,' and including in the odd sum of 22,000 marks only
Hereford, Rochester, Huntingdon, Swineshed, Croyland, Malmesbury,
Burton, Tewkesbury, Dunstable, Sherborne, Taunton, and Byland. But
296
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
since he retained the same figures for the appropriation to the earls, knights,
squires, and almshouses, the two sides of the account do not balance any
better. In Sharpe's Bill the total ecclesiastical revenues are put at 332,000
marks. Carlisle, Hereford, &c., are transferred to the surplus, and assessed
at 10,000 marks. Norwich, with the Abbey of St. Benet's, is assessed at
12,000 marks; and Malmesbury, &c., appear as in our text. (The total
is thus 334,oco marks.) Each earl is to have 1,000 marks, and each squire
20/.; the figure for the knights is by an error omitted. Thus a fair balance
appears to have been established.
It is perhaps hardly worth while to go deeply into the finance of the Bill.
But a possible solution may be, that the allowance for a squire was x./.
instead of xl. marks. This would make the total appropriation for the earls,
knights, squires, and almshouses 298,000 marks, and thus leave a clear
20,000 /. for the king. The correction suits with the further appropriation
(p. 67, 11. 1-4, and 7) of 100,000/. for 15,00c1 priests and 6,2co squires. The
total sum supposed to be available is 482,000 marks, and we then get the
following appropriation : —
15 earls 45,000 marks.
1,500 knights 150,000 ,,
12,400 squires 186,000 ,,
15,000 priests 45,000 ,,
100 almshouses 10,000 ,,
15 universities (say) 15,000 „
The king 31,000 „
482,000
The list of bishoprics and religious houses as given in our Chronicle,
Sharpe's Bill, and Fabyan, present some variations, which I may best
summarize here:—
I. The First Sum. (1) Sharpe adds Feversham. (5) Fabyan substitutes
for Clerkenwell, London with abbeys and houses there.
II. The Second Sum. (2) Fabyan substitutes Norwich with the abbey
of Bury and other. (4) Fabyan omits Westminster and St. Alban's.
(5) Sharpe omits Evesham; Fabyan gives Worcester, with Evesham,
Abingdon and other.
III. The Third Sum. (1) Sharpe has a doubtful reading ' Ramesie' for
Bannastre ; Fabyan, Chester with the precinct of the same, with St. David's,
Salisbury and Exeter. (2) A corrupt list; see note below. (3) Sharpe has
4 Eysset' in place of Gircestre : Fabyan adds 'and other to the number of
vi mo.' (6) Sharpe places these in the surplus ; see above.
IV. Surplus. See particulars given above.
See further Introduction, p. xxxviii, above.
26. Stutut mads cit Ccimbfigge, I.e. in 1388, confirming previous
legislation on labourers, artificers, and beggars.
P. 66, 15. Bamiastre. This seems to be corrupt. Fabyan reads,
1 x mV in 1. 4 is clearly an error for xv m1.
NOTES
297
' Chester with precinct of the same.' Sharpe's Bill has ' Rameseie'; but
Mr. Riley, in a note, says that the termination of this word is doubtful, and
suggests Romsey in Hampshire.
18. Ayryell, Waley and Galey. In Sharpe's Bill the list ends 'Anseoll,
Walley, Salley, and Valeryall.' This makes it fairly clear that 'Galey' is
a corruption for Sallay, in Craven, Yorkshire, and 'Ayryell' for Vale Royal
in Cheshire. Sallay and Vale Royal, like Rievaulx, Fountains, Jervaulx,
Grace (Grace Dieu in Monmouth), Wardon (in Bedfordshire), and Whalley
were Cistercian houses.
P. 67, 24. ne off Gleves, ne off Bonehomes. For ' Gleves' I can suggest no
solution ; from its conjunction with ' Frenche monkes' and ' Bonhomes ' it is
possible that some foreign order is meant. Bonhomes were a French order
of friars connected with the Austin Friars. Their only English houses were
Ashridge in Bucks and Edington in Wiltshire. Dugdale, however, places
them, as Canons, with the Augustinians.
P. 68, 34. In a chambre callyd Jerusalem. This detail is not given in the
other copies.
P. 69, 7. Syr John Oldecastell. The account of Oldcastle's conspiracy
is quite different in form from those in the other copies, though it does
not add anything very material. On the whole it most resembles G.
J. B I has a brief notice somewhat similar to that in H.
36. Rich\ Baker off Lumberdstrete. G. and H. call him Richard Turmyne,
baker. ' Lumberdstrete ' is peculiar to J. B II.
P. 70, 5. xxx day off Juyll. The conspirators were arrested on 21 July,
and tried on 2 August, when Gray was executed. Cambridge and Scrope
were executed on 5 August, as stated in H. The incorrect date appears
in a similar notice in J. B I.
10. the kyng . . . passed Ouer the See. The narrative of the French
expedition is similar to, though much shorter than, that in H. It differs
in giving the correct date for the departure from Harfleur, 8 October instead
of I October; and in the numbers of the two armies 10,000 and 80,000 instead
of 8,000 and 120,000. There are some other variations of expression, such as
' made alle the cuntre so bare off vitaylles,' which suggest that the two accounts
come from different sources. But they resemble one another more nearly
than C. (see pp. 119-22) or G., J. B I., and V.
P. 71, 11. ffauht with vij carrykes off Jene. This notice of the sea fight
with the Genoese off Harfleur is nearly identical with the second of two
in H., and with that in J.B I. G. is rather briefer. The 'Blak Hulke' is
called the ' Mountnegrie' in Davies' English Chronicle, p. 43.
P. 72, 3. he is callyd Martinus Quintus. The use of the present tense,
which is peculiar to J. B II, is remarkable. See Introduction, p. xx, above.
11. by cause that he was a lorde off name. This seems to imply some¬
thing peculiar in the use of the iron chain. The accounts in the various
copies, though similar in substance, all differ in form. Cf. those from C. and
V. on pp. 126 and 27P.
15. John Bryan. J. B I says he ' was mischevously drowned at Seint
2gS
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
Katerynes mille as he went to eas hym.' H. that he 'fell in the water of
Thamyse, the which was the cause of his deth, and dyed the x of Oetobre.'
G. simply that he was ' scheryve unto the ix day of Oetobre, and thenne
he dyed.1 Bryan was an alderman and a benefactor of Holy Trinity Church
in Knightrider Street, where his monument existed in Stow's time (Survey,
132). St. Katharine's Hospital was near the Tower, on the site of the present
St, Katharine's Docks.
P. 73, 5. ffrere Randolff. Friar Randolph and Queen Joanna were
accused in May, 1419. Randolph fled to Guernsey, where he was captured,
and sent to the king at Mantes. He was then committed to the Tower. In
1425 he was removed from the custody of the Lieutenant by Humphrey of
Gloucester (see p. 80, above). He was afterwards returned to prison, where
in June 1429 he was murdered by a mad priest. See Nicolas, Chron. London,
p. 107, Gregory's Chronicle, p. 114, V. on p. 273 above, Walsingham, Hist.
Angl. ii. 331, Amundesham, Annales, i. 38, and Harley MS. 2256, ff. 193, 194.
31. ftrofre no golde,. . . butyff yt helde the weyht. Compare the notice
in C. on p. 127, and the supplementary enactment of the next year as described
in G. and in V. (see p. 271, above). See Stow, Survey, 21.
P. 74, 6. the tovne off Mylanke. No doubt this refers to the siege of
Melun, which town was, however, surrendered on 17 Nov., 1420. H. has
a similar notice, but gives the name more correctly as Mileu. See also C. on
p. 127.
P. 75, 24. in the croke off the mone. Apparently a proverbial expression
for something that came at an unhappy turn from success to disaster. In H.
(p. 109) it is said that the prisoners from Melun ' were ledd to Parys, in the
croke of the mone they myght seyn, for of them there skaped thens but fewe
on lyve.' In the same Chronicle (p. 122) it is applied to the shameful break¬
up of the siege of Roxburgh by James I of Scotland in 1436. See also the
identical notice of Verneuil from J. B I on p. 285, above.
29. went ouer the see in to He?iawde. Duke Humphrey had married
Jacqueline of Bavaria, daughter of Duke William of Holland and heiress of
Hainault, in 1423. She had been previously married to John of Brabant,
cousin of the Duke of Burgundy, who claimed her lands. Gloucester went
to Hainault on October 1424, and after an abortive campaign left Jacqueline
at Mons in April 1425. Mons soon surrendered to the Burgundians, and
Jacqueline was taken prisoner to Ghent on 13 June. She escaped thence to
Zierikzee in the island of Schouwen in Zealand, and so in September to
Gouda or Ter-Gouw in Holland. For two years she held out, but in 1428
was compelled to submit to Burgundy. Her marriage with Humphrey was
annulled in the same year. Compare the similar notice in C. on p. 129.
P. 76, 16. strong and grete wache in the citee. The disturbance in the
city is described here as in H. and C. (see p. 130). A fuller account is given
in G. (p. 159). All the London Chronicles, as might be expected, favour
Gloucester, who was personally popular with the citizens.
32. parlement at Leycestre, at the which par lenient weren the Articles.
Bedford reached London on 10 Jan. 1426, and arranged for the dispute
NOTES
299
between his brother and uncle to be settled at a Parliament at Leicester
next month. On 4 March Bedford and the peers took the oath ' to procede
trewly, justly, and indifferently' (see p. 88). The contending parties made
their submission to the Arbitrours on 7 March (pp. 89, go), and the award
(pp. 91-4) was delivered on 12 March. The full text of the documents
is given only in our Chronicle, and by the sixteenth-century writers Arnold
and Hall. The Rolls of the Parliament do not give the articles of accusation
or Beaufort's answer; on the other hand, they contain the compromise of
Beaufort in full. J. B I has the submissions, or' compromesses,' of Gloucester,
and the award, or ' Arbitrement,' but not the articles of accusation and
answers.
P. 77, 5. Rich. Wodeville. He had been a trusted servant of Henry V, and
was Chamberlain to John of Bedford. This induced Henry Beaufort and the
Council to choose him for the charge of the Tower in 1425. His son Richard
married Bedford's widow, Jacquetta of Luxembourg, in 1436, became by her
father of Elizabeth, the Queen of Edward IV, and was created Earl Rivers.
30. the cheyne at the Stoulpes. The ' Stulpes ' were posts fixed at the
south end of London Bridge, presumably used with the aid of a chain to form
a barrier.
P. 78, 8. in the Grene chambre. The attempted assassination of Henry V
is referred to only in this document. The date was no doubt in Sept. 1412,
when the prince of Wales came to London ' to the counseyll with an huge
peple' (Nicolas, Chron. London, 95), and probably endeavoured to secure his
restoration to political power.
25. to take the governance and crovne off this londe vpon him. There
seems no doubt that as a result of Henry IV's ill-health some scheme for his
displacement by his son was mooted in Nov. 1411. But though the project
is obscurely noted elsewhere {Chron. Giles, 63 ; Eulog. Hist. iii. 421), details
are again lacking. It probably led to the retirement of the Prince and
his supporters, the Beauforts, from the Council.
P. 80, 8. ffrere Randolff. See note on p. 298, above.
P. 81, 25. at the Crane In Vyntre. The Crane was an Inn in Vintry Ward
at the top of the present Three Cranes Lane in Upper Thames Street.
It took its name from the Crane on the wharf below, used ' to crane up wines
there.' About the middle of the sixteenth century there were three cranes,
and in Elizabeth's time the Inn, which was 'the most topping tavern
in London' (Kenilworth, ch. ii) was known as the ' Three Cranes.' It had
not lost its repute a century later; though on 23 Jan., 1662, Pepys had
1 a sorry poor dinner' there, in a ' narrow doghole of a room' {Diary, ii. 177,
ed. Wheatley). It was from Three Cranes Wharf that after 1453 the Mayor
embarked for Westminster on Lord Mayor's Day (see p. 234). The wharf
is now built over ; but the name survives in a building immediately adjoining
Southwark Bridge. Three Cranes are shown in Ryther's plan (see frontis¬
piece). Cp. Stow, Survey, 90.
P. 84, 11. the letter sente by my Lorde off Wynchestre. This was on 31
October, 1425, immediately after the disturbance in London
300 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
P. 85,23. certeyn ordenances made by the Meir and Aldermen. Apparently
regulations for wages under the Statute of Labourers. The discontent of the
workmen seems to have been fomented by Gloucester.
P. 94, 28. at Leycestre, upon a Whitsonday. This was on ig May. The
Parliament had been adjourned on 20 March, but reassembled at Leicester
on 29 April, and was not dissolved till 1 June. The full list of knights
is given only in J. B II, H., and C. (see p. 130).
P. 95, 27. aboute Sh.ro/tyde'. i.e. on 19 March. The accounts for this year
in J. B II, C., H., and J. BI differ only very slightly. G. is much shorter;
but, like C., states that Beaufort and Bedford crossed together; it also
contains some other matter. Compare notice fromC. on p. 131, above.
P. 96, 12. In this same yere. J. BII is here much shorter, and less
accurate, than the other copies (cf. C. on p. 132). Suffolk and his brother
John were taken at Jargeau on 12 June, Talbot and Scales at Patay five days
later.
23. vpon saint Leonardys day : i.e. on 6 Nov. 1429. The coronation
ceremony and feast are described at great length in G., J. B I, and V., but
only briefly in H. and C.
P. 97, 1. a meyne of rysers at Abyngton. This was a Lollard movement.
' Jakke Sharpe' was, like 'Jack Straw,' a sobriquet. In H. the leader is called
'William Maundevyll, sum tyme a wever of Abendon, and bailly of the
town, that called himself Jakke Sharp of Wygemores land in Walys.' The
official record (Ordinances of Privy Council, iv. 100, 107) styles him William
Perkins. In Amundesham (i. 63) he appears as ' quidam ganeo, Lollardia
aspersus, ac trino nomine nominatus, videlicet, Willelmus Maundvylle,
Wiilelmus Perkyns, et Johannes Scharpe, de Wygmoreland.' For the bills
which he distributed reviving the Lollard project of 1410, see note on p. 295
above. Jack Sharpe was arrested at Oxford on 17 May, and executed four
days afterward. The account in J. BII agrees closely with C. (see
p. 134, above). J. B I agrees with H. G. has a different but shorter
account.
12. the presoners of Ludgate. Stow says that : ' Tuesday next after
Palm Sunday, 1431, all the prisoners of Ludgate were removed into Newgate
by Walter Chartesey and Robert Large, Sheriffs of London ; and on the
13th April the same sheriffs (through the false suggestion of John Kingesell,
jailor of Newgate) set from thence eighteen persons free men, and these were
let to the compters, pinioned as if they had been felons; but on the 16th June,
Ludgate was again appointed for free men, prisoners for debt; and the same
day the said free men entered by ordinance of the mayor, aldermen, and
commons, and by them Henry Deane, tailor, was made keeper of Ludgate
prison ' (Survey, 15). Ludgate was the prison for all freemen of the city for
debts, trespasses, accounts, and contempts. Newgate was the prison for
treasons, felonies, and other criminal offences. The Countres, Countours, or
Compters, were the prisons of the sheriffs ; one was in the Poultry and
another in Bread Street; the latter was removed to Wood Street in 1555.
There was also a Countour at St. Margaret's in Southwark (Stow, Survev,
NOTES
301
99, ill, 131, 153). The notices of this incident are peculiar to J. B II and C.;
cf. p. 134, above.
16. Russell, a IVolman. In G. it is said that 'he wolde have made
newe lordys, dukys, erlys, and baronys, after hys entent and hys opynyons.'
See also notice in C. on p. 134. Fabyan (p. 602) calls him Richard Russell,
and says that he was executed for treason.
20. crowned kyng in ffraunce. By Cardinal Beaufort at Notre Dame on
16 Dec. 1431. For the pageants at his entry and coronation see Delpit,
Collection des documents franqais en Angleterre, pp. 239-44.
23. kom otter the see and in short tyme to London. In H. it is stated
that Henry reached Dover on 9 Feb. and entered London 21 Feb. In G. the
dates are given as 29 Jan. and 14 Feb. The first two lines of Lydgate's
verses favour the later dates. But to judge from Foedera, x. 500, Henry was
in London on 16 Feb.
28. Margin. Orde7iaunces ffor the kyng. These verses are given in C.,
where they are headed 'Pur le Roy. Ordinaunces'; and in H., where they
have a colophon ascribing them to the monk of Bury, i. e. John Lydgate. In
C., as here, they are inserted in the midst of the Chronicle, in H. they are
written separately at the end of the volume. The writer of G. and Fabyan
both made use of them.
Lydgate was in great request as a deviser of pageants, and writer
of verses for court and civic ceremonies. He had devised mummings
for the amusement of the little king in 1424 and 1428, and amongst much
other court poetry wrote verses for the pageants at the reception of Margaret
of Anjou in 1445 (see p. 156, above). For the city he wrote a 4 Ballade to
the Sheriffs and Aldermen of London on a May Day at a Dinner at Bishop
Wood ' (ap. Nicolas, Chron. Lond. 257), and devised pageants for both the
Mercers' and the Goldsmiths' Companies in honour of William Estfeld, who
was mayor in 1429 and 1437. These present verses, as the Envoy shows,
were written to the order of the City, and Lydgate was probably the deviser
of the pageants. An official account was compiled by John Carpenter, and is
printed in Riley's Munimenta Gildhallae, iii. 457-64 (Rolls Series).
Lydgate's verses give one of the best descriptions of a mediaeval civic
pageant. They may be compared with the elaborate account of the
pageants to celebrate the return of Henry V after Agincourt, given in
the Gesta Henrici Quinti, pp. 60-7 (see the writer's Henry V, pp. 156-8).
On that occasion there were six pageants, two on the Bridge, at the Conduit
in Cornhill, at the Great Conduit in Chepe, at Chepe Cross, and at the Little
Conduit at the entry into St. Paul's Churchyard. There were similar
pageants at the entry of Catherine of Valois in 1421, when she was greeted
with giants of a huge stature ingeniously constructed to bow at the right
moment, lions which could roll their eyes and make other appropriate
gestures, triumphal arches and castles, companies of apostles and martyrs,
bands of singing girls, and all the conduits running with wine instead of
water (Vita Henrici Quinti, pp. 297, 298). The pageants in honour
of another Catherine are described at length in this volume (see pp. 234-48
303
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
above, and notes on pp. 332-36). On Lydgate's mummings and civic
pageants see further in Chambers, Mediaeval Stage, i. 397, and ii. 169.
The pageants of 1432 were:—
(1) At the south end of London Bridge. A giant as Champion of the
City : p. 100.
(2) In the midst of the Bridge. A Tower for the Empresses, Nature,
Grace, and Fortune, with attendant virgins who sang in welcome : pp. 101-4.
(3) In Cornhill. The Tabernacle of Wisdom, attended by the Seven
Sciences—Grammar, Logic, Rhetoric, Music, Arithmetic, Geometry, and
Astronomy—with Priscian, Aristotle, Cicero, Boethius, Pythagoras, Euclid,
and Albunisar as their representatives : pp. 105, 106.
(4) At the Tun, or Conduit in Cornhill. A child on a Throne, dressed
as a king, with Mercy, Truth, and Clemence to govern him ; in front two
Judges with eight Serjeants of the Law: p. 107.
(5) At the Great Conduit in Chepe. A pageant of Wells in honour
of the mayor, with Mercy, Grace, and Pity drawing wine. The wells
embowered with a Paradise of fruit trees. Enoch and Elias bless the king:
pp. 108-10.
(6) At the Cross in Chepe. A castle of green Jasper, with trees show¬
ing the king's title of England and of France, and with a Jesse Tree of the
line of David : p. 111.
(7) At the Little Conduit. A representation of the Trinity with a multi¬
tude of Angels (compare the fifth pageant at the reception of Catherine of
Aragon, see p. 245 above): p. 112.
P. 99, 5. To the blake heeth. Blackheath seems to have been the recog¬
nized place at which the mayor and citizens should meet any great persons
on their ceremonial entry to the city. There Henry V was met in 1415,
Sigismund in the following year, Catherine of Valois in 1421, and Margaret
of Anjou in 1445.
P. 100, 4. a sturdy chamfieon. A giant was apparently the recognized
figure for a pageant at the south end of the Bridge, as the city's champion.
In 1415 there was a giant with an axe in one hand and the keys of the city
in the other; and with him a giantess (Gesta, 62). No doubt they were
the mediaeval ancestors of Gog and Magog.
22. Twoo Antelopes. An antelope was in the fifteenth century one
of the supporters of the royal arms. The royal arms formed a feature in the
second pageant on the Bridge in 1415.
P. 104, 21. This same Roundell. Carpenter gives sixteen quite different
lines, beginning:—
Soueraigne lord, to your Cite
With all venerence welcome ye be.
Thanked be god of his goodnesse,
That you hath kept from hevynesse,
And brought you again with gladnesse,
London your Chambre for to see.
NOTES
3°3
P. 106, 28. the conduyte made in cercle wyse. The castellated conduit in
the middle of Cornhill was built in 1282 as a prison for night-walkers. It was
called the Tun, 'because the same was built somewhat in fashion of a tun
standing on the one end.' By the west side there was a well ; and in 1401
the Tun itself was made a cistern for sweet water, conveyed by pipes of lead
from Tybourn. On the top there was still a cage of timber as a prison for the
night-walkers, with stocks, and a pillory for fraudulent bakers. The conduit
was enlarged in 1475 (Stow, Survey, 71, 72).
P. 108, 8, 9. Chepe . . . a place off alle delytys. Cheapside was the most
frequented and central part of the mediaeval London ; prominent in all out¬
door ceremonials, famous for its market, and for Goldsmiths' Row, and
for the shops of the great Mercers (Wheatley, Lo?idon Past and Present,
i. 368).
10. the conduyt. This was the Great Conduit, at the junction of
Poultry and Cheapside, built in 1285, and enlarged in 1479.
P. 109, 15. fforto accorden with the 7neirys name. John Wells, Grocer,
Alderman of Langbourn Ward, five times M.P. for the city between 1417
and 1433, Sheriff in 1420-1, and Mayor 1431-2. In 1437 in consequence
of the disturbances at Norwich he was made Custos or Warden of that city
by the king (see p. 143, above). He had brought fresh water from Tybourn
to the Standard in Chepe, and repaired the Fleet Bridge ; on both were
'engraven wels embraced by angels.' He was also a great builder of the
chapel of St. Mary Magdalen by the Guildhall, where he was buried, and
where ' the likeness of wells' appeared on his tomb and in the glass of
the windows (Stow, Survey, 11, 42, 99, 103). Gregory's Chronicle (p. 184)
states that 'John Wellys the nobylle Aldyrman' died in 1442. For his
will see Sharpe, Calendar of Wills in Court of Hustings ii. 499.
P. Ill, 1. Towarde a castell. The exact position is not indicated here,
but from Carpenter's account we learn that it was at Chepe Cross.
P. 112, 3. at Conduyt a liht. The text of J. B II and H. is corrupt, that
of C. ' Condite a lytell' is probably correct. Certainly the Little Conduit at
the west end of Cheapside facing Foster Lane and the Old Change is meant.
Carpenter says that the pageant of the Trinity was 'apud Conductum
ecclesie sancti Pauli.'
P. 114, 21. Vnto the kyng A giffte. Carpenter says that the city presented
iooo/. ' in quodam eminenti vaso aureo ad modum sportule artificiose
composito.' A ' sportula' was a basket used to contain a complimentary
present. In 1415, on the morrow of Henry the Fifth's return from Agincourt,
' the maire and alle the aldermen, with two hundred of the beste comoners of
London, wente to Westm. to the kyng and present hym with a M1 pound, in
two basyns of gold worth vcfi' (Nicolas, Chron. Lotid. 103).
P. 115, 6. called nezve Troye. The legend of Brute, the son of Aeneas,
made him not only the eponymous hero of Britain, but also the founder
of London, which he named Troynovant. A more historical origin for the
name may be found in Caesar's city of the Trinobantes, as Stow notes
(Survey, 2).
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
P. 117, 1. togeder to pa gappe. The first page of the Cleopatra MS., which
opens with this curious anticipation of the famous speech in Henry the Fifth,
1 once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more,' is much worn, and
damaged. I hope that I have solved all difficulties, but a few words may be
doubtful. Mr. B. Williams, in a note on p. 19 of his edition of the Gesta
Hewici Qninti, gives an inaccurate transcript; ' loked' and ' be-kele' are
certainly right in place of ' led' and ' rekele.' The whole passage is unique,
and it is an unhappy chance which has robbed us of the opening part of the
narrative.
9. toke his bottes. By some strange misrendering Mr. Williams makes
Henry take his boots, and search the water with his sword! ' Bottes' of
course means the boats, which the English king brought overland to patrol
the waters of the River Lezarde, which the French had dammed above
Harfleur by means of their ' scluse.'
10. xxviij day of Septembre. An error for 18th of September.
24. laide in ostage. The list of hostages should be compared with that
on the next page. The French names here and elsewhere in the early part
of this Chronicle are very corrupt. Monstrelet (iii. 83) gives as the chief
defenders of the town ' le seigneur d'Estouteville, capitaine de la ville de par
le roi, les seigneurs de Blainville, de Hacqueville, d'Hermanville, de Gaillart,
de Clerre, de Beeton, de Adsauches, de Brianc, de Gaucourt, de l'lle Adam,
et plusieurs vaillants chevaliers et escuyers.' For references to Charles
d'Estouteville (who was a prisoner in England as late as 1422), George de
Clere, and Colard Blosset see Devon, Issues of Exchequer, 344, 356, 365,
367 ; Gesta Henrici, 33 ; Nicolas, Agincourt, App. 24-8. 1 Osbosse ' on p. 118
is no doubt to be explained by the variant in Monstrelet ' de Gaillart Bos.'
29. pes benp* names. Several of the townsmen can be identified in the
list of citizens of Harfleur, who suffered for loyalty to France, given by
M. Puiseux in LEmigration Norrnande, p. 112, viz. Etienne Arquembout,
Laurent Rubin, Alain Ligne, Jean Bugart, Jean Lambart, Jean Le Marie,
Nicholas Anglez (several Lengloys), Jaqueline Bocher, Guillaume Roussel,
Nicholas de Burdoux.
P. 118, 26. And when pa embassatores. In G. the account of the negotia¬
tions is somewhat fuller than in C., except that the lists of hostages, &c., are
not given. But the account of the reception of the French on 22 Sept.
is much fuller in C., and is the most complete which has survived. Cf. Gesta
Henrici, p. 31, and Vita Henrici, p. 48.
P. 119, 12. And pese bep p toivnes. The list is hopelessly corrupt.
Hundefle and Barflete are Honfleur and Barfleur, and therefore quite off the
route. ' Depe,' or Dieppe, is twice repeated. ' Delewe' and ' Tewe' must
both represent Eu. Neelle and Amyas are Nesle and Amiens, but are
misplaced. For 'Aras' Mr. Wylie suggests Airaines ; Arras is of course
out of the question. 'Tyrwyne,' if it means Therouanne, is impossible;
perhaps it is a corruption of Ternoise. The true itinerary is:—8 October
Harfleur to Montivilliers; 9 October, to Fecamp; 10 October, presum¬
ably half-way to Dieppe; 11 October, to Arques and Dieppe; 12 October,
NOTES
to Eu; 13 October, opposite Abbeville; 14 October, to Hangest (on
either the 13th or 14th part of the army might have been at Airaines) ;
15 October, past Amiens to Boves; 16 October, resting at Boves;
17 October, to Corbie; 18 October, to Nesle and Bethencourt; 19 October,
passage of the Somme to Athies and Mouchy La Gache; 20 October,
resting; 21 October, past P^ronne to Encre ; 22 October, to Forceville;
23 October, to Bonni&res, the van being at Frevent a league ahead; 24
October, across the river Ternoise, or 1 water of Swords ' (fluvius gladiorum
of the Gesta) to Maisoncelles ; 25 October, battle of Agincourt. Cf. Gesta,
36-46 ; Le Fevre de St. Remy, i. 232-42; Monstrelet, iii. 94-7.
25. pK duke of Barre. A mistake for the duke of Berri ; the duke of Bar
was present at Agincourt.
30. Andpan he sayde. With the speech of Henry begins the paraphrase
of the Ballad of Agincourt, of which part only of the actual verses has been
preserved. The speech attributed to the king accords well with the accounts
in the Brut (Cotton. Claudius, A. VIII. f. 3V0) and Le Fevre de St. Rdmy, i.
245-6. The first words, ' Sires' to ' beste tyme of the yere,' appear with but
slight variation in G.
P. 121, 35. Hym failed pR wynnynge of his schone. The loss of the
previous line makes this obscure. Mr. Wylie has suggested to me that it
may be a reference to a wager, and cites how the Prothonotary at Mayence
in 1407 bet his archbishop a pair of boots that nothing would .ever make
Pope Gregory XII resign. Cf. Wylie, Henry IV, iii. 29.
P. 122, 9. These bep pe names, &c. This list of the French, who were
killed at Agincourt, comes from the same source as the apparently official
list, which is preserved in the city archives at Salisbury, and has been
printed by M. Champollion Figeac in Lettres de Rois, Reines, &c., ii. 337-9
(Documents inedits sur l'histoire de France). Both lists are clearly very
corrupt. They may be compared with that given by Monstrelet, iii. 112-8.
A complete examination would be long and tedious ; those who desire to
pursue the matter may consult Belleval, Agincourt, pp. 127-270. A few
notes may, however, be useful. Only five earls or counts are given, as at
1. 19 on p. 121. There were really seven, Nevers, Marie, Vaudemont,
Blamont, Grandpre, Roussy, and Fauquembergue. The erle of Braile,
represented in the Salisbury list by Grene, may stand for Robert de Bar,
Comte de Marie. The erle of Saumes is no doubt Henri de Salms, Comte de
Blamont. Beustemont may be for Vaudemont. The lorde Renanuile is
perhaps Waleran de Rayneval, Comte de Fauquembergue. John Daucy,
bail of Dennas, should be Philippe Daucy, bailli d'Amiens ; his brother Jean
was also killed. The lordc seseal de hoyniam is the Seneschal of Hainault.
Tyncharde de Dulphyn perhaps Guichard Dauphin. Le vidame de lannoys is
le vidame de Laonnois. ffortescvy should be ffortescu as in the Salisbury list.
P. 123, 14. at pavelen, This looks like Pavilly, which is, however, too
far, ten miles, from Rouen. The date of the first raid is 18 to 21 November,
St. Clement's day being 23 November.
25. pe ix day of marche, &c. Dorset's expedition was in the direction
KINGSFORD X
3°6
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
of Dieppe as far as Valmont. The French under Bernard, Count of
Armagnac, attacked him on his way home at Cany on II March, when
Dorset was defeated. Next day, whilst endeavouring to get back to Harfleur
by another way, the English routed a French detachment under the Marechal
de Longny near the Chef de Caux. The account of the fighting round
Harfleur given in our Chronicle is one of the best that we possess. Cf. Chron.
du Religieux de St. Denys, v. 750-60; Gesla Henrici, 69-72; and Chron.
de Normandie, 173 ; Walsingham, Hist. Angl. ii. 314-5 ; Monstrelet, iii. 171.
38. William Clifforde id hys ffelawes chip fie. I can find no other
reference to this.
P. 124, 3. the maryes of Calys. There seems to be no other notice of this
fighting.
8. Emperour of Rome come to Calys. The Earl of Warwick received
Sigismund at Calais with such magnificence as to earn from the Emperor the
title of the ' Father of Courtesy.' Sigismund had a retinue of over 1000
persons, and very probably they took several days to cross. According
to Windecke (ed. Altmann, p. 66) the Emperor himself crossed on 30 April.
The account in our Chronicle seems to be accurate. A sixteenth-century
story relates that the Emperor was not permitted to land at Dover till he had
given his word to Gloucester that he made no claim to exercise imperial
authority (Holinshed, iii. 85).
18. many grete lordys. The list is interesting, though corrupt. Lodowyk
of Bry is Louis, Duke of Brieg in Silesia. The grete erle of Hongry is
Nicholas de Gara, ' Hungarie magnus Comes Palatinus.' The Erie de
Bartolde is Bartoldo Orsini, 'comes Suane.' John Carle de Melan is
Giancarlo Visconti. The Duke of Lettowe or Lithuania was Alexander
or Vitovt. Baroeste de la Scale is Brunero della Scala. Broune is presum¬
ably Briinn ; several lords of that town are named in the list of those present
at Constance, ap. Mansi. The Barovne of blomenow de beaume is Heinrich
von Bliimenau in Bohemia. Willm. Hase is Wilhelm Hase von Waldecke,
a Bohemian lord. The Erie of Crawates may be one of the Counts of
Krawatn given by Mansi. Dubo Birwoka is Henrich Birka von Dubo
of Tuben. John Ollosnake probably represents John, Bishop of Olmutz, the
imperial chancellor. The archbishop was John Kanitza, Archbishop of Gran.
These identifications come from the documents relating to Sigismund's visit
to England in Caro's Aus der Kanzlei Sigmunds, from Altmann's edition of
Windecke, and from the list of those who were present at Constance,
ap. Mansi, Concilia, xxviii. 639 sqq. In Palacky's Geschichte von Bohmen
(vii. 56, 92) I find mention of two Bohemian barons called Ales, viz. Ales von
Schonburg, and Ales von Sternberg. I have to thank Mr. Wylie for some
references and hints.
In Hardyng's Chronicle (p. 376) there is the following list
'The duke of Melayn, the Counte Palatyne,
The Marques Ferrer, ye lord Mantowe wel apayed,
The counte Carmeler, the Counte Palestryne,
With many lordes of the Water of the Ryne.'
NOTES
3°7
31. seynt Thomas Waterynge. Close to the second milestone on the
Old Kent Road, and so called from a brook or spring dedicated to St. Thomas
of Canterbury (London Past and Present, iii. 375).
P. 125, 1. towardep" feste of saynt jorge. The celebration of the Garter
feast on St. George's Day had been postponed in the Emperor's honour till
24 May, when Sigismund was made a knight of the order with great ceremony.
See Gregorys Chronicle, p. 113, and notice from V. on p. 270, above.
6. pe duke of holond. William of Bavaria, Duke of Holland, and father
of Jacqueline of Hainault, who was wife to John the Dauphin, came to
England to represent the interests of his brother-in-law, the Duke of
Burgundy.
10. p* kyng hade suche covnceile. The scheme was to put Harfleur
in the hands of William of Holland and Sigismund to hold for three years
pending a settlement. The assent of the French princes, who were prisoners
in England, was sought, but was not forthcoming; probably they were
offered their liberty at the price of recognizing Henry's claim to the French
throne. Their refusal and intrigues were the reasons which Henry alleged
for the failure of the scheme. The account in our Chronicle is valuable
as giving the popular view of the negotiations. Cf. Foedera, ix. 362, 427-30;
Cousinot, Gestes des Nobles, 135-6; Caro, A us der Kanzlei Sigmunds, 113 ;
Lenz, Konig Sigismund und Heinrich der Fiinfte.
28. he went to watyr . . . into ffraunce. This is a mistake. William of
Holland went home direct, and took no personal part in the subsequent
negotiations, though his name was still made use of. The four dukes were
presumably Nicholas de Gara, Bartoldo Orsini, Giancarlo Visconti, and
Brunero della Scala (Aus der Kanzlei, 101). The archbishop probably
means the Archbishop of Rheims, who had been on a mission to England
and returned with Sigismund's ambassadors. On the negotiations see
Chron. du Religieux de St. Denys, vi. 18-26; Foedera, ix. 377-81 ; Caro,
A us der Kanzlei, 99-123 ; and Biindniss von Canterbury.
P. 126, 16. pe duke of Clarence, &c. A mistake. Bayeux was taken
by Humphrey of Gloucester.
P. 127, 17. This sameyere. See notes on p. 298, above*
P. 129, 19. ouer the see in to henawe. See note on p. 298, above.
P. 130, 13. strong andgrete wacche. See note on p. 298.
23. all the knyghtis. Compare J. BII on p. 95, and note on
p. 300.
P. 131, 6. abowjt Shroftyde. See p. 95, and note on p. 300.
31. grete habundance of reyne. Nearly the same as the notice in H.
(Nicolas, p. 116). G. has a long notice, in the course of which it is stated
that it rained ' for the most partye' from Lady Day to Michaelmas.
P. 132, 7. Yamvyle, where Sir John Steward. Sir John Stewart of
Darnley, Seigneur d'Aubigny, with a mixed force of French and Scots
attacked an English convoy under Sir John Fastolf near Janville, on the way
to Orleans, on 12 Feb. 1429. The English formed a lager with their herring
barrels, and the Scots, refusing to wait for the French artillery, attacked on
X 2
3°8
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
foot. The Scots were utterly routed, but the French cavalry made good
their retreat.
22. a ffalse Breton morderyd a wedew. Stow (Survey, 157) records
this incident in pretty much the same terms, concluding 'for this feat it hath
been said, that parish to have purchased that name of St. Mary Matfellon;
but I find in record the same to be called Villa beatae Mariae de Matfellon
in the 21st of Richard II.' G. has a shorter and different account, and says
that the murderer was slain on the way between Whitechapel and Aldgate.
A person who had taken sanctuary might within forty days abjure the realm,
and taking a cross in his hand pass freely to an appointed port.
34. the duke of Norfolk with many a gentylman. For other notices
of this accident see Amundesham, Annales, i. 31, and Gregory's Chronicle,
163.
P. 133, 23. And in the same yere. It will be observed that C. gives
a second notice of the king's crossing to France. Down to 'worthi god-
desse ' the notice of the year agrees with H., which then adds a notice of the
execution of Richard Hunden, a Lollard. The notice of John Cole is
peculiar to C.; the St. Alban's Chronicler (Amundesham, Annales, i. 48)
calls him Henry Cole.
P. 134, 1. a prest of'thaksted. In H. he is called, ' Sr Thomas Baggely,
prest and vyker of Mabenden in Essex, besyde Walden.' Mabenden, now
Mundon, is near Maldon ; Thaxted is near Walden. See also G., and
Amundesham, Annales, i. 61. ' Seynt Georgis' should be St. Gregory's
(12 March) as in Amundesham.
7. Jak scharp. See note on p. 300.
15. presonerys of ludgate. See note on p. 300.
22. Russell, a Woilman. See note on p. 301.
P. 135, 11. master Pers a clerk. This is Peter Payne, sometime master
of St. Edmund Hall at Oxford, who fled to Bohemia in 1417, and was
a prominent leader of the Taborite movement in that country till his death
in 1455. See Diet. National Biography, xliv. 114-7.
25. Bedford lett done vnto the deth. On this see further in H.
30. the erll doiuter of seynt poule. Jacqueline or Jacquetta of Luxem¬
bourg, daughter of Pierre, Count of St. Pol, and niece of Louis of Luxembourg.
After Bedford's death she married Sir Richard Woodville, and was by him
mother of Elizabeth, the queen of Edward IV.
P. 136, 16. the erll of Arondell. Arundel besieged St. Ceneri in Jan.
1434, and captured it in the following month. Then he attacked Sille-le-
Guillaume, which surrendered on terms on 12 March. See Monstrelet, v. 94,
101 ; Gruel, Arthur de Richemont, 82-6 ; Hall, 171.
22. Crail-sur-Oyse. Creil-sur-Oise was taken after a six weeks' siege
on 20 June, 1434. Its captain, Madok La Hire, or Amado de Vignolles, was
brother to the more famous Etienne La Hire. See Gruel, A. de Richeinont
87; Journal t?un Bourgeois de Paris (ed. Tuetey), 299; and Monstrelet
v. 91, 92.
29. crepyin Valeis. Crepi in Valois, taken in May, 1434.
NOTES
3C9
31. ftont seynt tnessans and Bemond-sus-oyse. Talbot had driven
Amado de Vignolles out of Beaumont early in May. Afterwards he
recovered Pont-Saint-Maxence, Neuville-en-Esmoy, la Rouge Maison, and
Clermont. See Monstrelet, v. 92 ; Gruel, 89; Bourgeois, 299, 300; Hall,
170.
32. chorlys of Normandy weren wepond. As a consequence of the
depredations of Venables and other English freebooters, the Norman
peasantry were allowed to arm themselves in self-defence. See T. Basin,
i. 103 ; Waurin, iv. 50 ; Stevenson, Letters &*c. illustrative of the Wars in
France, ii. xlvii.
P. 137, 3. anon aftyr whas Venables taken. Richard Venables was an
Englishman, who had been serving in France since 1428. In 1434 he was
fighting in Normandy as a Free Lance at the head of 300 or 400 mounted
ruffians near St. Pierre-sur-Dive, plundering and murdering the peasantry.
By Bedford's orders he was arrested, and executed at Rouen on 22 June.
See T. Basin, i. 103-5 > Bourgeois, 300 ; V. de Viriville, Charles VII, ii. 335.
10. a grete frost. Cf. G. : 'a grete wyntyr and a colde froste, that
duryd fro Seynt Kateryns day to Seynt Valentynys day next sewynge, soo that
noo schippe myght passe; wherefore the vyntage came by londe ynne cartys
unto London fro the Downys, thorughe Kent and ovyr Scheters Hylle, for
men provesyde before }>at the vyntage of Gascon and Gyan shulde come
ovyr Scheters Hylle, and men made but a mocke ther of.'' H. and J. B I are
briefer.
13. the comens of Normandy, &e. The peasantry, provoked by the
depredations of Venables and others, and helped by some of the French
gentry, took advantage of the weapons with which they had been entrusted.
The chief risings were about Caen, in the Val de Vire, and the Bessin :
other disturbances followed in the Pays de Caux. The risers were a mere
mob with no proper equipment, and were easily dispersed. The troubles
occurred between Nov. 1434 and April 1435. See Basin, i. 106-8, 110;
Waurin, iv. 54, 55 ; Blondel, 192 ; and also Ramsay, Lancaster and York,
i. 461. I cannot identify the place intended by ' what in besyn' ; 'mortem '
is Mortain.
36. Garboray in bevoissins. The account in our Chronicle is unusually
full, and clearly based on good information. For other narratives see Basin,
i. no; Gruel, 109 (who gives the exact date, 9 May); Blondel, 192-6;
Bourgeois de Paris, 305; Waurin, iv. 60-4; Monstrelet, v. 1x8-22; Hall,
172-3 (showing points of resemblance to our Chronicle). Arundel died on
I June. Poton is of course Pothon de Xaintrailles.
P. 138, 23. leiden sege vn to seynt Denys. St. Denis was taken by the
French in May, and recovered after a six weeks' siege on 4 October.
The Burgundians, under L'Isle Adam, fought for the last time on the side of
the English. See Gruel, 104-6 ; Bourgeois de Paris, 306-7 ; Blondel, 197;
Waurin, iv. 93 ; Monstrelet, v. 184-7.
26. Pount Melant. Pont de Meulan was taken on 24 Sept., the
French obtaining access by means of a drain which ran into the river. Its
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
loss endangered the communications of Paris with Normandy, and caused
much annoyance to the English. See Basin, i. 119-20; Gruel, 106;
Bourgeois de Paris, 308, 310.
P. 139, 1. cardinall of Seint Croz'sse, and the cardinall of Siprys. The
pope's legate Albergata, Cardinal of St. Cross, and Hugh de Lusignan,
Cardinal of Cyprus, representing the Council of Basle.
9. a trayn with grete treson. Probably in allusion to a treacherous raid
in Artois made by the Armagnacs under La Hire and Pothon de Xaintrailles,
which did not, however, break up the Council, though it imperilled the agree¬
ment of Burgundy and the French.
17. in Notre Dame's chirch in Rooen. Bedford's tomb, which had been
much damaged during the Reformation, was destroyed during the Revolution.
His coffin was found in its original position in 1866.
20. depe whas lost. I.e. on 29 Oct. The French crossed the river at
low tide and so entered the town. See Basin, i. 111, 112; Monstrelet,
v. 200.
28. the comons of Caleys. Starting from Dieppe the French overran all
Caux except Caudebec. See Basin, i. 113—7 ; Gruel, 107, 110; Monstrelet,
v. 202 ; Stevenson, Letters, &>c., ii. i. Iv.
P. 140, 18. callyd the Rys. La Hire, Pothon, and other French captains
made an attempt to surprise Rouen on 2 Feb. 1436, but encountered Scales,
Talbot and Kyriel four leagues from the city at Ris. The Seigneur de
Fontaine La Vaganne, Alain Geron, Loys de Wale, Alardin de Monsay,
Jehan de Lon, and others were taken prisoners (Monstrelet, v. 281, 297).
See also Waurin, iv. 112, 113, and Hall (p. 179), who may have used our
Chronicle ; Hall names Geoffrey Grame as captain of the Scots.
34. Sir herry Norbery, knyght, and belknap and wessenes. See
Stevenson, Letters, &c., i. 508, for directions to Sir Henry Norbury and
Richard Wateness going to Normandy. The document is dated 16 Jan.;
Stevenson assigns it to 1450, but probably it belongs to 1436. Belknap may
be Hamo Belcnap, who was treasurer of Normandy in 1423 (Stevenson,
ii. 10, 32).
P. 141, 1. sayd tovne. This clearly refers to the attempted surprise of
Gisors by La Hire and Pothon in April, 1436. See Gruel, 124; Monstrelet,
v. 231.
9. london sent soudioures vnto caleys. Probably in response to an
appeal from Calais, see Delpit, Collection des documents en Angleterre, 252.
17. whan that the Duke of York. Compare Hall, p. 181.
24. the lorde Camuse. Roger, lord Camoys, a somewhat obscure person
not known to the peerages. He was perhaps a younger son of Thomas, the
fifth lord, who died in 1420, from whose death the title was in abeyance till
1839. See Ramsay, Lancaster and York, ii. 82. His name occurs only in
our Chronicle and in Hall, with reference to the siege of Calais. For other
notices of him see p. 145.
24. besegid by the Duke of Borgoyn. This account of the siege of
Calais clearly comes from the same source as that in G. (p. 179), which
NOTES
quotes letters 'that were sente into Ingelonde.' Cf. p. 275, above. H. i3
different. See also Hall, 181-4.
P. 142, 18, 19. Thomas Morested, Willelmas Gregory. The sheriffs of
this year deserve some notice. Morested was one of the surgeons to
Henry V in 1417 (Foedera, ix. 252). The Company of the Barbers-Surgeons
owed its incorporation to him. He built the north aisle of the church of
St. Olave Upwell in the Old Jewry, and was buried there in 1450 (Stow,
Survey, 98, 106, 118). William Gregory, skinner, is first mentioned in 1434
(Aftft. to Report on Foedera, C. p. 30). He served as mayor in 1451-2, and
was possibly part author of one of the London Chronicles. See Introduction,
p. xii, above.
22. entered at IVestm'. in owre lady chaftell. C. and J. B I alone give
the place of Catherine's burial. Henry VII removed her tomb when he
built his Chapel. Catherine's body lay exposed by her husband's grave for
nearly three centuries. There Pepys kissed her on 23 Feb. 1668-9. in l77%
her remains were removed to the Percy vaults, and at last in 1878 buried in
Henry V's Chantry (.Archaeologia, xlvi. 281-93).
26. chaunceler offfraunce. Louis of Luxembourg, Cardinal Archbishop
of Rouen.
29. the towre of london Brigge. From H. and J. B I we learn that it
was the gate at the Southwark end of the bridge, with the tower thereupon
and two arches of the bridge, that fell on 14 Jan. 1437. The gate was
restored, but burnt by the bastard of Fauconbridge in 1471. See Stow,
Survey, 23.
P. 143, 15. the dolfthyn of ffraunce, &c. This was the first enterprise of
the future Louis XI, then fourteen years old. The siege of Montereau began
on 24 August; the town surrendered on 10 October, and the castle on
22 October. The English were allowed to go out with all their baggage
' k la requeste de monseigneur le Daulphin, pour ce que c'estoit la premiere
armee, dont il avoit este.' See Gruel, 260-1 ; Bourgeois, 333, 335 ;
Monstrelet, v. 294-5. Hall, 187, accuses Gerard of treachery.
32. the Erll of Warwyk abydyng wynde and weder. He was at
Portsmouth from 29 August. The details are peculiar to our Chronicle;
but Hall (pp. 187, 188) gives them more briefly. See Ramsay, Laticaster
and York, ii. 2.
P. 144, 9. the castell of Crotey. The Burgundians besieged Crotoy in
Picardy in Oct. 1437. Duke Philip came there in person, and had a great
bastille, or siege tower, built for the protection of his forces. On the
approach of the English he garrisoned the bastille, and withdrew with his
main force to Abbeville. The English began to ravage all the country, and
Burgundy had to disperse his troops to protect the neighbouring towns and
castles. Then the garrison of the bastille took panic, and fled with the loss
of all their artillery and of most of their equipment. See Monstrelet,
v. 308-16 ; Waurin, iv. 227-41 ; Hall, 188 (apparently using our Chronicle).
P. 145, 3. the Erll of Morten. Other notices of Edmund Beaufort's
campaign are scanty. Hall, 189, seems to have followed our Chronicle.
312
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
See also Bouvier, 400, 401 (ap. Godefroy, Charles VII) and Gruel, 181.
Beaufort crossed to Cherbourg about 19 June, 1438 (Ramsay, Lancaster and
York, ii. 7).
11. the lord Camys. He seems to have been a prisoner till 1445
(Ramsay, ii. 82).
16. beryng the standard of seynt Jorge. By a like stratagem the
English relief had got into Harfleur, when the French were besieging the
town in 1416 (Chron. St. Denys, vi. 12-14).
24. a grete wynde. The notice of this storm is peculiar to C. For Old
Change see Stow, Survey, 121.
33. the Erlle of hontyngdon. For Huntingdon's expedition to Gascony
see Hall, 189.
P. 146, 13. William Estfeld. Son of William Eastfield of Tickhill in
Yorkshire. He was warden of the Mercers in 1425 (Cal. Pat. Rolls,
Henry VI, i. 274), sheriff in 1422-3, and mayor in 1429-30 and 1437-8. He
was M.P. for the City in 1430 and 1442. He built the conduits at Alderman-
bury, and at the Standard in Fleet, bringing water in leaden pipes from
Tybourn. He was also a benefactor of St. Mary Aldermanbury, where he
was buried. See Stow, Survey, 42, no, 128, 146; Herbert, Twelve Great
Livery Companies, i. 247. For his will, dated 15 March, 1445, and enrolled
in Feb. 1447, see Sharpe, Calendar of Wills in Court of Husting, ii.
509.
35. marchandise straungeris schuldgoo to Ost. See the similar notice in
V. on p. 153, above. Cf. Rolls of Parliament, v. 3-6, and Sharpe, London
and the Kingdom, i. 280.
P. 147, 17. seynt Kateryns. The usual place of execution for pirates 'at
the low water mark, there to remain, till three tides had overflowed them'—
Stow, Survey, 157. According to Stow the thieves on this occasion were not
hanged in the river, but on a hill hard by. But see the parallel notices in
V. on p. 153, above, and in H. See also note on p. 325, below.
'26. Sir Richard Wiche. He had been tried many years before for
Lollardry by Bishop Skirlaw [d. 1406) of Durham, and recanted. See
Fasciculi Zizaniorum, 370, 501; Davies, English Chronicle, 56; Foxe,
Martyrs, iii. 702-3. There is A fuller notice in H. See also V. on p. 153
above.
P. 148, 6. within listes in Smythfelde. The open ground in Smithfield
market was a favourite place for jousts and tourneys. See for many
instances Stow, Survey, 142, 143, and also pp. 150, 157, and 179, above.
P. 149, 10. Temple bryge. Temple Bridge, or Temple Stairs, was a land¬
ing-place extending across two stone arches well into the Thames within the
Temple Gardens (Wheatley, London Past and Present, iii. 380).
15. the Swan in Tempse strete. Swan Stairs, or the Old Swan, Upper
Thames Street, a celebrated landing-place a little above London Bridge
(.London Past and Present, iii. 340). 'Of old time called Ebgate'—Stow,
Survey, 80.
17. Crischurch. Grassechurch, or St. Bennet, Gracechurch Street.
NOTES
19. Quenehith. In Upper Thames Street, a little west of Southwark
Bridge (Stow, Survey, 133-5).
31. lie of Man. Eleanor Cobham was put in charge of Sir Thomas
Stanley, and at first imprisoned in Chester Castle as stated in H. In
October 1443 she was transferred to Kenilworth, and in or before July 1446
to the Isle of Man (Ordinances of the Privy Council, vi. 51 )• This shows
that C. was not written till after 1446. Cf. V. on p. 154.
P. 150, 30. the citezins ... of Norwich, &c. The rising was due to
a quarrel with the abbot of St. Benet's Holm in a suit about some mills.
Ordinances of Privy Council, v. 321 ; Blomefield, Norfolk, iii. 146-9.
P. 153, 8. Articles put ay ens the Cardenall. The articles are given in
Stevenson, Letters, &*c., ii. 440, Arnold, 279-86, and Hall, 197-202. Not
improbably they appeared in some version of the London Chronicles; see
Introduction, p. xxvi, above.
12. graunted and not performed. The legislation was re-enacted in
1453. This gives a clue to the date of writing of the first Chronicle in V.
See Introduction, p. xvi, and note on p. 312, above.
20. robbed a fjlemmyng. See note on p. 312, above.
29. Sir Richard Wiche. See note on p. 312, above.
P. 154, 7. conduyt in fflete strete. This conduit stood a little west of
Shoe Lane, near Salisbury Inn. It was at least as old as 1388, but was
rebuilt at the charge of Sir William Estfeld (see p. 312, above), and com¬
pleted by his executors in 1471. It was enlarged in 1478, and again in 1582.
See Stow, Survey, 146 ; London Past and Present, ii. 55.
17. lie of Manne. See note on this page above.
23. a grete debate. See the notice in the next year, and Fabyan, 616,
who assigns it to 1442.
30. In the day of Eleccion. Given somewhat more fully by Fabyan,
615.
32. Rawlyn holand. For his will see Sharpe, Calendar, ii. 522, 525,
526 ; dated 3 May, 1452, enrolled in 1454.
P. 155, 31. departed the Erie of Suffolk. Suffolk went to negotiate the
marriage in March 1444. He left again to bring Margaret to England on
5 Nov. of the same year. The chronology of our Chronicle is consequently
at fault; but see notice for 1444-5, and Introduction, p. xvi.
P. 156, 2. the Steple of Seynt Pawlis. This is also misplaced; the true
date was 1 Feb. 1444. The steeple was not repaired till 1462. In 1561 it
was again struck by lightning (Stow, Survey, 122, 124). Fabyan, 617,
however puts it under 1443.
P. 157, 5. Gilbert Worthynton. He was parson of St. Andrew's, Holborn,
before 1443, and was of the family of Worthington, of Worthington Hall,
Standish, Lancashire (Newcourt, Repertorium, i. 274). In 1447 he was one
of the London clergy who promoted the foundation of City Grammar
Schools (Rolls of Parliament, v. 137. See also Excerpta Historica, 5).
11. a parliament at Seynt Edmondes Bury. Fabyan (619), though he
derived his information from the same source, paraphrased and abbreviated
3I4
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
it. With reference to Duke Humphrey, he says : ' of whose raurdre dyuerse
reportes ar made, which I passe ouer.' The balance of evidence is against
the popular notion that Humphrey was murdered. See Diet. Nat. Biog.,
xxviii. 247. G., which has an independent and strictly contemporary
account, says simply: 'he dyssesyd and passyde owte of this wrecchyde
and false trobely worlde.' J. B I : 'he deceased, the certente howe God
knows.'
36. Artur. ' Arteys the bastarde of the sayde Duke of Glouceter.' G.
P. 158, 7. Sir ffraunceis Aragonys. Francois de Surienne, known as
Aragonais, took Fougferes on 24 March, 1449, with the authority of the
English government ; on being disavowed, he left their service (Ramsay,
Lancaster and York, ii. 97, 100). It will be observed that the date is again
wrong.
23. In thisyere, &c. Fabyan, 621, begins with a notice of the exploit of
Robert of Cane, a shipman of the West Country, who captured a whole fleet
of foreign merchantmen coming with salt from the bay.
P. 159, 12. Jak Cade. This narrative of Cade's rebellion is substantially
the same as that of Fabyan, 622-5, which is the main source of the common
accounts, including that in Shakespeare's Henry VI, Pt. II. Gregorys
Chronicle and the Short English Chronicle have independent notices with
additions of value.
P. 160, 18. Philip Malpas. He was a draper, served as sheriff in
1439-40, and was M.P. for the City in Mar. 1432 and Jan. 1442. In 1448
he was one of the four presented for appointment as Alderman of Lime
Street Ward; the Court of Aldermen, however, rejected all four, and Malpas
was then appointed under pressure from the Court; this seems to show that
Malpas was already a leader of the Lancastrian party in the City, and
explains the hostility to him in 1450. Afterwards he changed sides, and
in 1461 was Yorkist (see p. 174, above). Meantime his daughters, Elizabeth
and Philippa, had married Thomas Cook and Ralph Joslyn, or Josselyn (see
pp. 318, 319, below), who were prominent Yorkists. Malpas died in 1469.
His house in Lime Street, which was plundered by Cade, was called the
Green Gate ; in 1517 it belonged to John Mutas, a Frenchman,' that kalendred
wolsteds, and did other things contrary to the franchises of the citizens,' and
was again spoiled by the apprentices. He gave many charities to the City.
See Stow, Survey, 42, 57, 63, 192, and Orridge, Illustrations of Jack Cade's
Rebellion, pp. 2, 3, and 7-11 (with extracts from his will).
27. London Stone. A great stone, which anciently stood on the south
side of Cannon Street near the kerb. Thence it was removed in 1742 to the
opposite side; and in 1798, being reduced to a mere stump, was built into
the outer wall of St. Swithin's Church. It seems to have been a monument
of Roman London, possibly, as Camden conjectured, the central Milliarium
of Britain. Shakespeare preserves the incident of Cade striking on London
Stone (Henry VI, Pt. II, iv. 6). See Stow, Survey, 84; London Past and
Present, ii. 433.
P. 161, 4. Standard in Chefie. This ancient conduit was the usual place
NOTES
3*5
for executions. Stow quotes an instance in 1293. Wat Tyler beheaded
Richard Lions there in 1381. For other instances see pp. 162, 176, above.
The Standard had been rebuilt by the executors of John Wells in 1442 ; see
note on p. 303 (Stow, Si{r*vey, 99).
10. Geerstes howse. Fabyan, 624, says: 'a place in Seynt Margarete
Patyn parysshe, called Gherstis howse.'
13. Baily. Fabyan, 624, says that he had heard some men report, that
Baily was 'of the famylyer and old acquayntance of Iak Cade,' who had him
executed for fear lest he should discover the truth about him.
P. 162, 3. Alexander Idon. For a fuller account of Cade's capture see
Short English Chronicle, 66-8. He was taken at Heathfield, in Sussex, on
12 July.
21. In this yere. Fabyan adds to the accounts of the 29th and 30th
years notices of events in France from Gaguin.
P. 163, 17. ther was agreed. Fabyan, 627, gives the negotiations at
greater length.
P. 164, 2. Constantyn the noble. Fabyan, 628, gives a longer account
from other writers.
11. John Norman. Fabyan describes the institution of the water pro¬
cession more briefly, save that he says the watermen's song began
'Rowe the bote, Norman, rowe to thy lemman,'
and so forth with a 'longe processe.' Norman was son of John Norman of
Banbury, and a draper. He was sheriff in 1443, and alderman of Castle
Baynard Ward, removing in 1448 to Cheap Ward. In the same year he
' requested to be discharged from the office, which being thought prejudicial
to the interests of the City, it was agreed that the Mayor and Aldermen
should see to the execution of the office on account of his great age and
infirmities; and, also, that if he should be put in nomination for the
mayoralty, they would endeavour to avoid it and prefer the party nominated
with him.' Norman's infirmity may explain the institution of the water
procession. He had nevertheless represented the City in the parliament of
1449, and lived till 1468. He gave the Drapers' Company his tenements on
the north side of All Hallows Church in Honey Lane, where he was buried,
on condition that they paid 13J. 4d. yearly for lighting the lane. See Stow,
Survey, 102; Orridge, Citizens of London and their Rulers, 113 (quoting
Journals of Corporation)-, Wills, dated 10 Sept. 1467, 20 March, 1468,
enrolled in 1469 and 1479, *n Sharpe, Cal. Wills Husting, ii. 564, 578.
20-29. And this yere, &c. Fabyan has nothing to correspond with this
passage.
29. Duke of Glowcetur. Clearly an error, since there was no Duke of
Gloucester at this time.
P. 165, 3. In this yere. Fabyan, 629, has a different account of the first
battle of St. Alban's, which he misplaces under 1454. For the 33rd year he
has only a notice of an affray at St. Martin le Grand.
35. In this yere. Fabyan under the 34th year has no notices of the
3i 6
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
quarrel of Devonshire and Bonville, or of the Comet. On the other hand, he
has a much fuller account of the disturbance of the Lombards, which he
seems to have derived from an independent source.
P. 166, 35. Bowe Bell. The great bell of St. Mary-le-Bow, which after
1469 was rung nightly at nine of the clock (Stow, Survey, 96).
P. 167, 12. In thisyere. For the 35th year Fabyan is again indebted to
the same source as our Chronicle, though he makes additions from other
writers.
32. Seint John Capistrane. Fra Capistrano and John Hunyadi defeated
the Turks before Belgrade on 21 July, 1456. Omitted by Fabyan.
34. the prisoners of Newgate. According to Stow (Survey, 15), when
Lord Egremont broke out of Newgate the other prisoners seized the oppor¬
tunity to hold the gate against the sheriffs.
P. 168, 8. Baynardis Castle. It is said to have been built in the time of
the Conqueror by Baynard, ancestor of the Barons Fitzwalter, who still held
it in the fourteenth century. In 1428 it was the property of Humphrey of
Gloucester, who rebuilt it on a fresh site in Thames Street. After 1446 it
was apparently granted to Richard, Duke of York. In 1461 it is called 'the
Earl of March's place'; see p. 174. The Duchess of York was living there in
1470; seep. 180. Henry VII re-edified it in 1487, and often lodged there.
Queen Elizabeth granted it to the Earl of Pembroke. The castle was
destroyed in the Great Fire. See Stow, Survey, 22-5 ; London Past
and Present, i. 131.
10. therber. The Cold Harbour, in Thames Street in St. Lawrence
Pountney, was a mansion built by Sir John Pulteney (d. 1349), a famous
mayor of London. Afterwards it became the property of the Hollands,
Earls of Huntingdon and Dukes of Exeter. In 1485 Richard III gave it to
the Heralds' College; Henry VII resumed possession, and gave it to the
Earl of Shrewsbury. It was pulled down in 1600. Stow, Survey, 89;
London Past and Present, i. 441.
35. the Spaynysshe Jlete. For a fuller account see Paston Letters,
iii. 130. Eighty Englishmen were killed and two hundred sore hurt. The
date was 28 May.
P. 169, 3. Sturmynes ship of Bristow. Robert Sturmy, or Sturmyn, was
mayor of Bristol in 1453-4. The MS. Calendars of Bristol record under
1457: ' Mr Robert Sturmey, who was mayor in 1453, had this year a ship
spoiled in the Mediterranean sea by the Genoese, which ship had gotten
much wealth as having been long forth. She had spices fit to be planted
here in England, as was reported, but the men of Genoa in envy spoiled
her. Which wrong, when King Henry understood, he arrested the Genoa
merchants in London, seized their goods, and imprisoned their persons, until
they gave security to make good their loss; so that they were charged with
6000/. to Mr Sturmey.' Cf. Seyers, Memoirs of Bristol, ii. 189.
In the Calendar of Robert Ricart, who was Town Clerk of Bristol from
1478 to 1508, there is a somewhat different account: '1459. Philip Mede,
Maire, sewed before the kyng and his conseile al the Lumbards Janueys at
NOTES
3J7
that time in Englande, because of the takyng of Robert Sturmy and of his
shippes. Whiche Janueys, after long sewte of the same, were judged and
condempned to pay the saide maire and his brothern the some of ix m1.
marcs to be paid at certein termes' (.Kalendar, pp. 41, 42, Camden Soc.).
Fabyan, 633, gives the story to the same effect as the first of the above
records, inserting a comment of his own : ' But this is full lyke to be vntrewe
that ye Januays shulde spoyle hym for any suche cause; for there is no
nacion in Englonde that delyth so lytle with spicis.'
Sturmyn's ship is probably the one referred to in the Paston Letters,
ii. 324, under July 1454: 'a stately vessel only for the werre, ys made new
at Brystow by the Mair, calld Sturmyn.'
12. after Candelmasse. Fabyan says 'aboute Candelmasse'; but the
true date seems to have been 9 Nov. 1458 (cf. Whethamstede, i. 340;
Ramsay, Lancaster and York, ii. 211). Fabyan has a similar but longer
narrative for the year, including correctly the flight of the Yorkists. ' Ludlow
field' was on 12 October; Warwick reached Calais on 2 Nov. 1459.
P. 170, 9. this yere of William Hulyn. Fabyan, 635-7, has a similar
narrative, but with somewhat more detail.
P. 172, 3. vpon All halon evyn, &c. Fabyan's narrative for this year
comes in the main from the same source as our Chronicle. But the two
have each some small points of peculiarity.
P. 173, 36. Seynt Johns ffeeld, i.e. at Clerkenwell. Stow's dates are
inaccurate; the Thursday was 26 February, and the Sunday 1 March.
Fabyan omits the notice of the mass-meeting at Clerkenwell, as to which see
William of Worcester, Annales [777].
P. 174, 15. Philyp Malp as . . . Thomas Vaghan . . . and maistre William
Attclyf. As to Malpas, see p. 314, above. Vaughan was a prominent
Yorkist; he was beheaded by Richard of Gloucester at Pontefract in 1483,
cf. p. 190, above ; see also Diet. Nat. Biog., lviii. 180. Attclyf, or Hatte-
clyffe, had been physician to Henry VI, but afterwards was physician and
secretary to Edward IV ; see D. N. B., xxv. 158.
P. 174, 37. after dyner came to the paleys the Mayr, &c. Not in Fabyan.
P. 175, 13. Water Walker. Fabyan, 639, says he was executed 'for
offence by hym done agayne the kynge,' but that his wife had friends at court
and so escaped forfeiture.
16. shyrborn. Sherburn is a few miles south of Towton. Fabyan's
notice of the battle is almost identical ; but writing after the downfall of York
he adds a Lancastrian note of sympathy for Henry and Margaret.
P. 176, 12. he went also crowned in Powlys, &c. Not in Fabyan.
17. John Davy. Fabyan says that he was a servant of the king, but is
otherwise less full. See Stow, Survey, 100.
26. in harvest the king rood, &c. The notice of the king's progress is
omitted by Fabyan. Edward left London on 12 or 13 August, reached
Bristol on 4 Sept., and after a progress through the Welsh Marches and the
Midlands, returned to London on 6 Oct. Cf. Ramsay, Lancaster and York,
ii. 277, 278.
3l8
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
P. 177, 18. by appoyntement. Fabyan, 652, agrees very closely to this
point; he then adds a notice of how the merchants of the staple at Calais
failed to obtain repayment of money advanced to the lords at Calais
in 1460.
20. lie of Conket. Kent was appointed Admiral in July, 1462 (Foedera,
xi. 490). Stow (Annates, 164) says that with Lord Audeley, Lord Clinton,
and others, he took the town of Conquet, with the Isle of Rhe. There is no
notice in Fabyan.
P. 178, 2. Bastard of Ogill. Presumably a son of Robert, Lord Ogle, who was
a prominent Yorkist in Northumberland. He is not mentioned by Fabyan.
18. at London and at Sandewiche. Not given by Fabyan.
23. kyng Henryes bycoket. A bycoket (the Old French bicoquet) was
an ornamental cap or headdress. The word has had a curious history.
Hall's Chronicle, by a misprint, reads: ' his high cap of estate, called
abococket' (for 'a bicocket'). This was copied by Grafton, and altered
by Holinshed to ' abacocke,' and finally by Abraham Fleming to ' abacot';
and so has been handed down from one dictionary to another. In 1696
Phillips defines ' abacoc' as ' the regal cap of maintenance of the kings of
England, adorned with two crowns.' The crowns (? those of England
and France) were of course peculiar to Henry's bycoket. Cf. Oxford
English Dictionary.
29-32. And anon vpon this, &c. This sentence does not appear in
Fabyan, who notices Henry's capture by Cantlowe.
P. 179, 1. the kyng wedded Dame Elizabeth Gray. Fabyan, 654, has
a much longer notice.
5. a newe coyne. More fully described by Fabyan, who also adds
a notice of the queen's coronation.
10. Dame Elizabeth. Fabyan adds a quaint tale of the confusion
of a physician, who had promised Edward a son.
15-22. This yere, &c. Fabyan has a longer account, and adds a story
of how Alderman John Derby was fined 501, for not removing a dead dog
from his door, and using unfitting language to the mayor.
17. certeyn actes of warre. For a long account of these jousts see
Excerpta Historica, 176-222.
29. Sir Thomas Cook. He was a draper, sheriff in 1453, alderman
of Vintry Ward in 1454? and mayor in 1462. Though married to a daughter
of Philip Malpas before 1454, he was a Yorkist leader in the City, and was
knighted by Edward IV on the queen's coronation in 1465. The charge
against him was that he had lent money to Queen Margaret. In 1471
he supported the restoration of Henry VI. He died in 1478, and was buried
in the Church of the Augustine friars. See Diet. Nat. Biog. xii. 94. Fabyan
has a longer notice.
35. castell of Harlowe. Harlech was taken on 14 August. Not noticed
by Fabyan.
P. 180, 11. the lord Ryvers was by heeded. In the insurrection of Robin
of Redesdale, as more fully described by Fabyan.
NOTES
319
21-24. And in ffebruary, &c. This sentence does not appear in
Fabyan.
30-33. And ther toke, &c. This sentence is not given by Fabyan.
P. 182, 4. dyvers Bisshoppis. Amongst them William Grey, Bishop of Ely,
took refuge in St. Martin le Grand.
P. 183, 5. Thisyere, &c. Fabyan's narrative for 1471 comes in the main
from the same source, but includes some additional matter chiefly concerning
Sir Thomas Cook, who was the mayor's deputy during the Lancastrian
restoration.
14. his place in Tamystrete : i. e. the Cold Harbour, see note on p. 316,
above. See also Introduction, p. xxviii, above.
P. 185, 7. to haue ayded Quene Margaret. This statement is not given
by Fabyan.
32. named Spysyng. Fabyan, 662, says he was one of the Essex
leaders.
38. tharchebisshop of York. George Neville was arrested, and sent
to Guines in April, 1472. He was released in the autumn of 1475. This
notice does not appear in Fabyan.
P. 180, 3. therle of Oxenford. Oxford held St. Michael's Mount against
the king from 30 Sept. 1473 till 13 Feb. 1474 (Warkworth, Chron. p. 27).
He was kept prisoner at Guines till August, 1484, when he escaped. Fabyan
gives the date of his escape, and adds a note on the hard fate of his
Countess.
8. This yere, &c. Fabyan, 663, adds a note on the correction of
strumpets by the mayor.
14. the Duke of Excetir found deed. Fabyan adds, 'but how he was
drowned ye certaynte is not knowen.' After Barnet Exeter was kept a
prisoner in the Tower till June, 1475 (the date in the text is wrong). He was
released to take part in the expedition to France that year. There is no proof
of any foul play. See Ramsay, Lancaster and York, ii. 415.
16. Oldehalle. Fabyan, 663, says that William Oldhalle was retaken,
but Colyns nevertheless recovered 80 marks from the sheriffs as compensation.
21. fohn Goose. For his fuller story see Fabyan.
36. the Trentce. Fabyan inserts some further matter, as to the French
expedition and treaty, from Gaguin.
P. 187, 9. a Comon Counseill. Fabyan does not refer to the ordinance
as to Sessions. He notices the punishment of makers of light bread, but
more briefly. On the pillory for bakers of false bread see Stow, Survey, 72 ;
Liber A Ibus, i. 349-51.
21. the Mayr . . . began to repayre the walles. The narrative in Fabyan
is rather different. Ralph Josselyn was son of Geffrey Josselyn of Saw-
bridgeworth, Herts, and married Philippa, daughter of Philip Malpas (see
p. 314, above). He was a draper, M.P. for the City in 1487, sheriff in 1458-9,
mayor for the first time in 1464-5, when he was knighted at the Queen's
coronation (Gregory's Chronicle, 228). See Herbert, Livery Companies,
i. 436.
320
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
36. this mayr contynued the 7nakyng. Fabyan describes Hayford's work
in nearly the same terms. Hayford was a goldsmith, and son of Roger
Hayford of Stratford-le-Bow. When sheriff in 1468 he 'lost his cloke' for
his share in Lancastrian intrigues (Gregory's Chronicle, 237; Herbert,
Livery Companies, ii. 200).
P. 188, 20. Seynt Erkynwald Shryne. The shrine of St. Erkenwald,
Bishop of London, to the east of the high altar in St. Paul's, was the glory of
the old cathedral (Milman, Annals of St. Paul's, 151).
34. Robbyng of a Chirch. Stow, Annales, 431, says five notable thieves
were put to death this year for robbing of churches, and especially of the
College of St. Martin le Grand. See also Fabyan, 666.
P. 189, 11 .for the greate favour that he had to this Mayr. Fabyan, 667,
says the reason was ' that the Mayer was a marchaunte of wondrous
aventures, into many & sondry countres, by reason whereof the kynge had
yerely of hym notable summes of money for his customes, besyde other
pleasures that he had shewyd to the kynge before tymes.' Haryot, or
Harriot, was a draper, and son of John Harriot of Segrave, Leicestershire.
(Herbert, Livery Co?nfianies, i. 436).
21. Reed\ Whyte, and Claret. Claret originally meant wine of a yellowish
or light red colour, as distinct alike from ' red wine ' or ' white wine.'
25. the Mayres and her Sisters. That is, as Fabyan explains, the
aldermen's wives. Fabyan adds that in Drapers' Hall 'daye assigned, the
mayer desyred the aldermen and theyr wyfes with sondry comoners, and
there the venyson with many other good dysshes were etyn, and the sayd
wyne merely dronken.'
36. anoon aftir his Deth Edward his son. The narrative of the reign of
Edward V agrees in the main with Fabyan, though the latter writer has some
additions, relating chiefly to the execution of Hastings, and the sermon
of Ralph Shaw at Paul's Cross.
P. 190, 33. declared at fiowles Crosse. In a sermon preached on 22 June
by Ralph Shaw, or Shaa, brother of the mayor. See Diet. Nat. Biog.
li. 435-
P. 191, 18. the Northyrn men. Fabyan, 669, says Richard, 'for fere of
the quenes blode and other,' brought this force ' in theyr beste iakkis
and rusty salettes.'
36. a Seruauntes place of his, named Banaster. Ralph Banastre, or
Bannister, of Lacon Hall near Wem. Buckingham was surrendered at the
end of October, and executed on 2 November.
P. 192, 17. an other named. Fabyan, still following the same authority,
has a similar blank. A later hand added in his MS. 'Thomas Halsb.'
P. 193, 4. the ffeeld of Bosworth. After noting the election of Astry as
sheriff, Fabyan begins a long and independent narrative of the fall of
Richard III, pp. 671-3.
15. the Swetyng Syknesse. Fabyan is less full, and gives the date
of its commencement as 11 October; Busch (i. 323) suggests that the latter
date is that on which the epidemic ended. Stow, Annales, 472, and Bacon,
NOTES
321
Henry VII, give 21 Sept. as the date of the commencement. The London
memoranda in Harley MS. 541, ff. 217-8, are interesting: 'The iij day
of Septembre kyng herry ye vii came into London. The xx day after dyde
syr Thomas hyll, mayor of London, of ye swetyng syknes, and vj Aldermen ;
the iiij day after was chosyn syr William Stoker Mayor of London, and
desesyd. The iij day after was chosyn John Warde Mayor of London. The
same yere dyde Chestre and Brytten, shryves of London.'
' The iij day aftyr Syr Thomas Hyll mayor dyde Sir Thomas ffrowyke,
knyte, on Mykkelmas eve ; ye moor pytte was ; Gode have mercy on hys
sowle ; and many a worschypfull man moo, of the swetyng syknes. On hose
sowles Jhesu haue mercy.'
Henry reached London 27 August, but paid a second visit to the City
on 3 Sept. See Busch, i. 322.
33. Henry the vijlh crowned. Harley MS. 541 f. 2l8ro has the note :
' hugh Bryse, mayor of London ye same yere. And keped his fest on Simond
day and Jude. The second day after was kynge hary the vijthe the xxxthe day
of Octobre Crownde. The xviijthe daye of Januarye kynge herry the vijthe was
wedyd to my lady elsabeth, kynge Edwardeys dowter the iiijthe.'
36. adventurers in to Jjlaunders. This ' variance' is not recorded in the
continuation of Fabyan, which, however, has the addition : 1 this yere whete
was at iijs. a bushell, and baye salte at the, same price.'
P. 194, 6. kyng Henry the vijth maryed. This is one of the rare errors
of chronology in this part of the Chronicle. The true date was 18 Jan. i486,
in the first year.
12. which vntru persons said that the kyng was fled. The report that
Henry was defeated was widely spread in London and elsewhere (Letters
and Papers, i. 94 ; Busch, i. 37).
Harley MS. 541 has for the second year:
'The ijde yere of his regne was Prynce Artour borne in the moneth of
Septembre the Tewsday before Michaellmasse day. Vpon Seint Edwardus
day after was syr harre Colet chosen Mayr of london.
' The ijde yere of his reyngne kyng harre gote Stoke feld the xvj day of
Jule. And there was sclayne the Erie of Lyncolne and Martyn Swarte,
w1 dyuers other ; and kyng herry com to London the iijde day of Nouembre.
And he made Mr. William Home, mayor of London, kneyte. Also he made
[ ] persyvale knyte, betwene harsey parke and Iseldon, comynge to
london ward.'
The dates are wrong : Stoke was on 16 June ; Arthur was born on
Tuesday, 19 Sept.; Henry entered London on 4 November.
The continuation of Fabyan adds: 'And in the moneth of September
was borne prynce Arthur.'
28. the yerfolowyng. The continuation of Fabyan, 683, adds : 'And this
yere John Ashley with other two were put in execution at the Towre Hylle.'
33. John a Chamber. The continuation of Fabyan has Chamberlayne,
probably through confusion with Sir Robert Chambyrlen, see p. 195, above.
See also Appendix, p. 278, above.
KINGSFORD Y
322
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
37. toward the deffence of Brytayn. On affairs with Brittany see
Busch, i. 41-6, 328.
P. 195, 5. a Journey vnto Dykysmewe. See the longer account of the
fighting at Dixmude in Appendix, p. 279, above, and Hall, 446. Cordes
is the Sieur des Querdes.
20. the kynges Amner. Christopher Urswick, see Diet. Nat. Biog.
lviii. 55.
35. a Benyvolence. The continuation of Fabyan, 684, has: 'euery
alderman of London, that tyme beynge, payed volente et nolente, two
hundreth pound.' See Busch, i. 62.
P. 196, 2. the Chambirlayn . . . and the brigge Maysters. The act of the
Common Council, which thus gave the mayor and aldermen a controlling
voice in the election of the Chamberlain and Bridge-Masters, was passed on
15 April, 1491. It remained in force till 1643, when it was repealed (Strype,
Survey, ii. 375).
24. the Orphannys goodes. The Court of Orphans, which was held
before the mayor and aldermen as guardians of the orphans of all freemen
of the City, was a customary court from time immemorial. It was confirmed
by Parliament in 1377 (Rot. Pari. iii. 28). The first notice of the Orphans
Fund occurs in 1391, when money was advanced out of it for the needs of the
City. At a much later date the practice of borrowing from the fund led
to financial difficulties, which involved legislation by Parliament in 1693.
The Monday after Midlent Sunday was known as Call Day, from the calling
of sureties before the mayor and aldermen as provided for in this ordinance
of 1492. An orphan could not marry without leave of the court ; see p. 188,
above. Cf. Strype, Survey, ii. 325-7, 372-3 ; Northwick, History of
London, 83, 133, 279, 359, 538.
P. 197, 6. the Cyte and Contre of Grenade. Granada, the last stronghold
of the Moors in Spain, was captured on 2 Jan. 1492 (Hall, 453-5).
11. Justice of peas. On 7 May, 1492, there was a payment of 24/. is. 10 d.
for making the lists (Excerpta Historica, 89).
20. the vj day of October. The true date was 2 October. Hall, 457,
who obtained his information from the same source, repeats the error. See
Busch, i. 333.
P. 198, 12. the Styleyerd. The riot arose out of the commercial dispute
with Flanders, and the consequent restrictions put upon the trade in English
cloth. The true date was the Tuesday after St. Edward's Day, i.e.
15 October. See Busch, i. 89, 153, 339. In the accounts of the Drapers'
Company under this year appears iu. 9d. 'for cresset staffs and banners,
and bread ale and candell, in keeping xvij days watch after the riot at the
Steelyard' (Herbert, Livery Companies, i. 406).
The Steelyard was the house of the merchants of the Hanse, by Cosin
Lane in Thames Street, on the site of the present Cannon Street Station.
' Steelyard { is probably a corruption of ' Stapelhof,' or the House of the
Staple. This derivation seems more likely than that the name came from
the sale of steel there. The idea th^t the name came from the use of a steel-
NOTES
323
yard or balance is still more improbable ; the name of the thing was derived
from the place, and not that of the place from the thing (.London Past and
Present, iii. 308).
P. 199, 18. Robert Btilley. The continuation of Fabyan, 685, calls him
William Bulley.
22. Whete, &c. The continuation of Fabyan reads: 'whete was at
vj d. a busshell, and bay salt at iij d. ob.
27. Cristes Chirch wtyn Algate. The priory of Christchurch or Holy
Trinity. The continuation of Fabyan, 685, gives the names of the bishop
and the prior, Richard Hill and Thomas Persy or Percy. Percy was made
prior on 2 Oct. 1480. In Dec. 1494 he was'replaced by Richard Charnock.
See p. 203, above ; and Dugdale, Monasticon, vi. 151.
P. 200, 2. a Roiall feste. Stow has the following: ' I find noted by
Robert Fabian, that King Henry VII, in the 9th of his reign (holding
his royal feast of Christmas at Westminster), on the twelfth day, feasted
Ralph Austry, then mayor of London, and his brethren the aldermen, with
other commoners in great number, and after dinner dubbing the mayor
knight, caused him with his brethren to stay and behold the disguisings and
other disports on the night following, showed in the great hall, which was
richly hanged with arras, and staged about on both sides ; which disports
being ended in the morning, the king, the queen, the ambassadors, and
other estates, being set at a table of stone, sixty knights and esquires served
sixty dishes to the king's mess, and as many to the queen's (neither flesh nor
fish), and served the mayor with twenty-four dishes to his mess, of the same
manner, with sundry wines in most plenteous wise ; and finally the king and
queen being conveyed with great lights into the palace, the mayor with his
company in barges returned and came to London by break of the next day '
(Survey, 173, 174).
11. the Mair was one, and William Martyn, Alderman, that other.
Ralph Astry, or Austrie, fishmonger, was son of Geffrie Astry of Hitchin,
Herts (Herbert, Livery Companies, i. 436). He was sheriff in 1485, restored
the Church of St. Martin in the Vintry, and was buried there in 1494. His
widow was a contributor to the new work of the Guildhall in 1502 (see
p. 257, above; Stow, Survey, 93). William Martin, skinner, was son
of Walter Martin of Hertford (Herbert, ii. 318). He was alderman of
Cordwainer Street Ward, sheriff in 1483, and mayor in 1492-3. He died
in 1505. For his will see Sharpe, Cal. Wills Court of Hustings ii. 611.
15. Johan Bowghton. The continuation of Fabyan, 685, says she 'was
called moder to the lady Yonge.' Foxe, Acts and Monuments, iv. 7, adds
nothing.
19. Conduyte in Greschirche Strete. This conduit was built in accor¬
dance with the will of Thomas Hill, who was mayor in 1484, and left 100
marks for the purpose (Stow, Survey, 80). Greschirche, or Graschurch,
Street was so called from the herb market there; another form was Gracious
Street (see p. 236), and after 1666 the form Gracechurch was established.
35. that other. The continuation of Fabyan gives his name, John White.
Y 1
324
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
P. 201, 24. the Duke of York, callid lord Henry. The little prince was
not yet Duke of York. He was brought from Eltham, as described, on
29 October. On the 31st he was dubbed Knight of the Bath, and next day
created Duke of York. For a full account of the ceremonies see Gairdner,
Letters, &*c. of the reigns of Richard III and Henry VII, ii. 388-93-
29. soleym Justis of peace. The tournament was in honour of the little
duke. A long description is given in Gairdner, Letters, &c., ii. 394-404. On
31 Oct. there occurs payment of 133/. 6s. 8d. to the Challengers and
Defenders {Excerpta Historica, 99).
P. 203, 15. sir Robert Clyfford. He was induced to give information by
the promise of pardon and a high reward. The pardon was granted 22 Dec.
1494 (.Letters and Papers, ii. 374), and 500/. were paid to him on 20 Jan. 1495
(.Excerpta Historica, 100). Our Chronicle has the fullest account of the
condemnations and executions in England. See Busch, i. 95-6, 340-1.
21. iij spirytuell men. William Worsley, dean of St. Paul's; William
Richeforde, provincial of the Blackfriars; and Thomas Poynes, prior of
Langley (Hall, 467). The continuation of Fabyan, 685, reads: 'the dearie
of Poulys (a famous doctour and precher), the prouynciall of the Blak
Freres, and the pryour of Lengley.' They were pardoned next year. See
Busch, i. 340.
P. 205, 14. Sir William Capall. The continuation of Fabyan, 685, reads :
'And this yere began the first trouble of syr William Capell, alderman.'
This shows that the continuation was not compiled till after Capell's second
trouble in 1508-9 (see p. 262, above). Capell was son of John Capell of
Stoke Nayland, Suffolk. He was a draper, alderman of Walbrook Ward,
sheriff in 1489-90, and mayor in 1503-4 and in 1510. His offence in 1495
was that he had sold goods to foreigners without requiring in return
immediate payment in money or in other goods. The second charge, which
Empson and Dudley put upon him, was on the ground that in his first
mayoralty he had failed to do due correction on a coiner of false money. On
this occasion he would fall to no agreement, and was by Dudley, at the
king's command, put in prison, and then on refusal to pay 20001, sent to the
Tower. He had his reward in his election by the City to a second term
of office. Though several times master of his company he had in 1498 been
fined for ' misbehavyour ayens Mr Shipvvorth one of the wardens.' In
August, 1515, he made a substantial gift of lands to the company, to take
effect on his death. He was ancestor of the Capels, Earls of Essex. Capel
Court owes its name to him. See Stow, Annates, 486; Herbert, Livery
Companies, i. 408, 429, 436, 438 ; Arnold, xliii; Busch, i. 276.
P. 206, 17. Doctour Draper. The continuation of Fabyan reads: 'was
doctour Draper perforce borne out of Poulys, and so lade to Labehyth, for
variaunce that than was bytwene the bysshoppes of Caunterbury and London.'
Richard Draper, LL.D., was prebendary of Twyford in St. Paul's
Cathedral.
P. 207, 10. a Spaynard called Quyntyne, &c. Hall, 472, has 'quyntine or
otherwyse Genyn.' That writer, who apparently used the same account as
NOTES
325
our Chronicle, speaks of 'a greate army of valyaunt Capiteyns of all nacions.'
A Spanish account says that among the prisoners were ' eight captains, of
whom two were Spaniards. One is called Don Fulano de Guevara (they say
he is a brother or nephew of Don Ladron), and the other is called by the
nickname of Diego the Lame.' Cf. Gairdner, Richard III, 361. Our
Chronicle names at the most seven captains, Mounford, Corbet, White, Belt,
Malyverey, Quyntyne, and Genyn the Frenchman. For authorities see
further Busch, i. 341.
14. Waftpyng in the Woze, i. e. Wapping on the Ooze, originally a
wash or ooze, which was only recovered from the river in the time of
Elizabeth. Between St. Katherine's and Wapping was the place of execution
for pirates, and sometimes for other persons; hence the expression 'execu¬
tion dock.' See also note on p. 312, above. Cf. London Past and Present,
iii. 444.
17. a generall Inquisicion. Due no doubt to the trouble caused by
Warbeck's landing, and the conduct of Kildare. See Busch, i. 100, 343.
26. yongest Doughter of the kyng. Elizabeth, Henry's fourth child,
born in 1492, and died Sept. 1495.
31. M. ffyneux. Sir John Fyneux (1441-1526), appointed Chief Justice
of the King's Bench on 25 Nov. 1495.
36. the Sargeauntes ffeste. The feast was commonly kept in Ely Palace,
see Pulling, Order of the Coif, 234-7. For an exception see p. 260, below.
Of the sergeants created on this occasion, Sir John Mordaunt (d. 1504) was
Speaker in the Parliament of 1487, and Chief Justice of Chester, 1499; Sir
Humphrey Coningsby was a judge of the King's Bench from 1509 to 1527 ;
Sir Thomas Frowyk (d. 1506) was Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in
1502. For Frowyk and Coningsby see also Excerpta Historica, 119,121, 123.
P. 208, 21. Crosbyes place. A great house in Bishopsgate Street, built by
Sir John Crosby, sheriff in 1471, 'of stone and timber, very large and
beautiful, and the highest at that time in London' (Stow, Sttrvey, 65). Sir
Thomas More lived there 1518-23. The house was much damaged by fire
in 1666, but the hall, with its open timber roof, and two other rooms are still
preserved, and form the most interesting example in London of the domestic
architecture of the fifteenth century. The building was restored in 1836,
and since 1868 has been occupied as a restaurant (.London Past and
Present, i. 477-9).
22. lord Bevir. Presumably this means Philip, Seigneur de Beures,
who was the chief Burgundian ambassador (Foedera, xi. 578).
P. 209, 5. the Bodyes of Richard Hakney and Alice his ivif. Stow, Survey,
79, has the following notice: 'as Robert Fabian writeth saying thus:—"In
the yere 1497, in the month of April, as labourers digged for the foundation
of a wall, within the church of S4 Marie hill, near unto Belinsgate, they
found a coffin of rotten timber, and therein the corpse of a woman, whole of
skin, and of bones undissevered, and the joints of her arms pliable, without
breaking of the skin, upon whose sepulchre this was engraven :—' Here
lieth the bodies of Richard Hackney, fishmonger, and Alice his wife.' " Her
326 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
body was kept above ground three or four days without nuisance, but then it
waxed unsavoury, and so was again buried.' The printed Chronicle of
Fabyan, p. 685, has simply : 'This yere was the body of Richard Hackendyes
wyfe takyn vp in Saynt Mary hy-11 churche hole, yt had been in the ground
ouer C. & xx yeres.'
9. Also in the said moneth of A frill, &c. The date of the treaty was
24 Feb. as given in Colet's bond below. Henry ratified it on 26 March, and
the reference in the text perhaps relates to its formal proclamation. The
treaty provided for freedom of trade between the two countries, and for the
expulsion of Warbeck from Flanders (Foedera, xi. 578-91). There is no
contemporary authority for the name of Magnus Intercursus which has been
given to it. See Busch, i. 126, 150, 357.
28. to kepe suche aft-poyntement. The bonds of the English towns had
to be delivered at Calais on 15 May.
31. Henry Colet. The father of the famous John Colet, dean of
St. Paul's. Sheriff in 1477 ; successively alderman of Farringdon Without,
Castle Baynard, and Cornhill Wards; mayor in 1486-7 and 1495-6. He
died in 1505 {Diet. Nat. Biog., xi. 321).
P. 210, 25. the kyng of Scottes. This was the invasion in which Warfoeck
took part. See Busch, i. 107.
P. 211. 19. a grete counsaill. As to the loan thus granted see further
below, pp. 213, 223 (Busch, i. 109).
28. a Swerde and a Cafifte of mayntenaunce. This honour was three
times bestowed on Henry VII by three popes, Innocent VIII, Alexander VI,
and Julius II. See p. 261, above; Gairdner, Letters, &c., L243 ; B. Andreas,
Annales, 85 ; Busch, i. 128; Excerpta Historica, 111.
P. 213, 14. The Comons of Cornewaill. Our Chronicle gives the best
account of the events before London. Hall, 476-80, adds something. See
Busch, i. 345.
P. 215, 16. the Maire knyght. Sir John Tate, alderman of Langbourn
Ward, sheriff, 1485, mayor, 1496-7 and 1514. He was a brewer, and then
a mercer; he gave his brewhouse, called the Swan, to enlarge the church of
the hospital of St. Anthony, Threadneedle Street. See pp. 226., 234, above,
and Stow, Survey, 43, 70.
16. John Shaa. .Sir John Shaa, or Shaw, goldsmith, was possibly
a kinsman of Edmund Shaa, mayor in 1482-3. He was mayor in 1501-2,
when he instituted the practice of riding from the Guildhall to Crane Wharf
on Lord Mayor's Day, and established the annual feast at Guildhall (see
pp. 234, 257, above). He died in 1508, and by his will provided for
rebuilding the Church of St. Peter the Apostle in Wood Street (Stow,
Survey, 117). For purchases of jewels from him see Excerpta Historica,
100, 108,120, 130, and Campbell, Materials for History of Henry VII, vol. ii.
82. Richard Haddon. Mercer, son of William Haddon, merchant of
London, alderman of Bridge Ward in 1499, and mayor in 1506-7. For his
will, dated 1 August, 1516, enrolled Jan. 1526, see Sharpe, Calendar of Wills
in Court of Husiing, ii. 630.
NOTES
327
P. 218, 4. the Provost of Peryn. Hall, 477, places the murder of the
Provost of Penryn under his account of the previous Cornish rising.
31. after this came certeyn writyng vnto the Maire. On 12 October;
see Sharpe, London and the Kingdom, i. 333.
39. the warderobe. A house near Puddle Wharf, in Black Friars,
purchased by Edward III, as an office for the master of the royal wardrobe.
Members of the royal family occasionally lodged there ; see p. 234, above. It
was destroyed by the Great Fire.
P. 219, 18. Confession of the said Perkyn. The confession was printed
and published by order of Henry VII; cf. B. Andreas, ap. Memorials of
Henry VII, p. 73. It is given by Hall, pp. 488-9. For a discussion of its
authenticity see Gairdner, Life and Reign of Richard III, 338-48, with
a letter ofWarbeck's to his mother (on pp. 384-6) in which he mentions
Berlo, Pierart Flan his grandfather, and Jean Stalin his uncle; and extracts
from town registers of Tournay (p. 389), which name Pierart Flan, Pierar
Faron, and Jehan de Werbecque. See also Busch, i. 335-9.
P. 220, 22. Pregent Meno. He was a native of Brittany, who traded with
Ireland; in 1495 or *496 he obtained a grant of denization, and was made
Constable of Carrickfergus castle (Gairdner, Letters, &c., ii. liii, 375, 376).
P. 221, 31. Candylwyke strete. Now Cannon Street; according to Stow
called Candlewright, or Candlewick, Street, ' of chandlers, or makers of
candles' (Survey, 82).
P. 222, 27. fohn Browne. Mercer, alderman of Cheap Ward, sheriff in
1472, and mayor in 1480-1. He died in 1496, and was buried at St. Mary
Magdalen. He is also called John de Werks, and was connected with Wark
in Northumberland. His son, Sir William Browne, was mayor in 1513, and
another William Browne, who was mayor in 1507, was a cousin (Notes and
Queries, 7th Series, iv. 506, v. 151).
29. fohn Wyngar. Son of William Wynger of Leicester, grocer, sheriff
in 1493, mayor in 1504, and alderman of Cheap Ward in 1505. He died in
1507, and was buried at St. Mary Woolchurch, of which he was a benefactor.
See Stow, Survey, 85 ; Orridge, Citizens of London, 123.
35. at Canturbury was brent an heretyk. In Henry's Privy Purse
expenses occurs under 20 April, 1498: ' To the heretyk at Canterbury,
6s. 8d.' [Excerpta Historica, 117).
P. 223, 31. Barthu. Rede. Goldsmith, son of Robert Read of Cromer,
Norfolk, where he founded a free school. Sheriff this year, mayor in 1502,
and alderman of Cheap from 1502. He was buried in the Charterhouse,
and was a benefactor of the Church of St. John Zachary in Maiden Lane.
He had purchased Crosby Place in 1501. Grafton relates that in the year of
his mayoralty he gave a wonderful feast in Goldsmiths' Hall; Stow dis¬
misses the story as an altogether impossible fable. See Stow, Survey, 114 ;
Orridge, Citizens of London, 122. For purchases of jewels from him by
Henry VII see Excerpta Historica, 100, 103, 133.
P. 224, 2. a Straunger Venisian. This passage, and the subsequent
notice on p. 258, furnish important evidence for the English discoveries
328
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
in North America. John Cabot was Genoese by origin, but was naturalized
at Venice in 1476, and probably came to England about 1490. On 5 March,
1496, he, and his sons Lewes, Sebastian, and Sancto, had letters patent
for the discovery of unknown lands (Foedera, ix. 595)' For some reason the
expedition only left Bristol in May, 1497, and after exploring the coast
of Labrador returned early in August. On 10 August, 1497, the king paid
10/. 'to hym that founde the new Isle' (Excerpta Historica, 113), and
on 13 Dec. an annual pension of 20/. was granted to John Cabot. On
3 Feb. 1498, Cabot had fresh letters patent in his own name. Henry had
contributed to the cost of the first expedition, and the second was probably
altogether an undertaking of his own (Busch, i. 362; cf. Soncino's dispatch
of 18 Dec. 1497, where it is said that Henry, though prudent and not
prodigal, was making good provision for Cabot; Harrisse, Jean et Sebastien
Cabot, 325). It was long supposed that John Cabot died before the second
expedition started, and that Sebastian deserved the credit. It is, however,
certain that John survived the voyage, and very doubtful whether Sebastian
had any share in it. In 1521 the London Companies objected to Sebastian
on the ground that ' he was nevir in that land hymself.' The second
expedition started in May, 1498. On 25 July Ayala, the Spanish ambassador,
reported : ' one of them has returned to Ireland in great distress ; the ship
being much damaged. The Genoese has continued his voyage. ... It is
expected that they will be back in September' (Cal. Papers Spain, i. 177).
The conclusion of the expedition was long obscure, but it has been lately dis¬
covered that Cabot did return to England, and probably before 29 September,
1498 (Scott, Customs Roll of Port of Bristol, with records of the payment
of John Cabot's pension for the years ended 29 Sept. 1498 and 29 Sept. 1499 ;
American Historical Review, April, 1898). From La Cosa's Map of 1500,
whereon English flags are marked, it seems not unlikely that the expedition
may have gone as far south as the Carolinas.
M. Harrisse (John Cabot, 129) assumes that the 13th year, to which
this passage belongs, was regnal, and thus ended 21 August, 1498, or two full
months earlier than the mayoral year which the writer actually observed.
From the position of the passage in the Chronicle, it was clearly not written
till late in August, and more probably early in September, when the return of
the expedition was daily expected. From the use of the words 'seclie' and
' surmysed,' M. Harrisse further argues that it had reference partly to the
first expedition of 1497 : ' No such language would be used if the object of
the expedition had been to return to a country already discovered.' But the
use of ' seek' as meaning ' to resort to ' is of course well supported, and
Cabot could have surmised nothing of an island of which he knew nothing.
However, it seems to me that 'the island wheryn the Straunger surmysed to
be grete comodities' was the Cipango of the fifteenth-century explorers, and
that the passage is in harmony with John Cabot's own statement as reported
by the Milanese envoy Soncino : 'From the place already possessed he
would proceed by constantly following the shore until he reached the East,
and was opposite an island called Capango, whence he believes do come all
NOTES
339
the spices in the world, and jewels to boot '{J. et S. Cabot, 325). This, it is
clear, is the prospect that won the support of Henry VII, who hoped, says
Soncino, to make London the spice-market of the world.
The chronology and language of the Chronicle are thus alike favourable
to the authentic originality of its narrative.
When Stow published his Chronicles of England in 1580 he wrote
as follows under 1498 1: 'This yeare, one Sebastian Gabato, aGenoas sonne,
borne in Bristow, professing himselfe to be experte in knowledge of the
circute of the worlde and Hands of the same, as by his Charts and other
reasonable demonstrations he shewed, caused the king to man and victual
a ship at Bristow to search for an Island, which he knewe to be replenished
with rich comodities ; in the ship diuerse Merchauntes of London aduentured
smal stockes, and in the company of this shippe sayled out of Bristow three
or foure smal shippes fraught with slight and grosse wares, as course cloth,
caps, laces, points and such other.'
Two years later, in 1582, appeared Hakluyt's Divers Voyages touchifig
the Discovery of America"1, with the following notice :—
'A note of Sebastian Gabotes voyage of discoueries, taken out of an old
Chronicle, written by Robert Fabian, sometime alderman of London, which
is in the custodie of John Stow, citizen, a diligent searcher and preseruer
of antiquities.'
' This yere the kyng (by meanes of a Venetian, which made himselfe very
experte and cunning in knoweledge of the circuite of the worlde and Ilandes
of the same, as by a Carde and other demonstrations reasonable hee shewed),
caused to man and victuall a shippe at Bristowe, to search for an Ilande,
whiche hee saide hee knewe well was riche and replenished with riche com¬
modities. Which shippe thus manned and victualled at the kinges cost,
diuers merchants of London ventured in her small stockes, being in her
as chiefe Patrone the saide Venetian. And in the companie of the saide
shippe sayled also out of Bristowe three or foure small ships fraught with
sleight and grosse merchandizes, as course cloth, caps, Laces, points, and
other trifles, and so departed from Bristowe in the beginning of May, of
whom in this Maiors time returned no tidings.'
Hakluyt's statement in the Voyages has two marginal notes. At the
beginning: 'In the 13 yere of King Henrie the VII, 1498 '; and at the end :
'William Purchas, Maior of London.'
In his Principall Navigations, which appeared in 1598-1600, Hakluyt
made some modifications. The marginal notes disappear and the notice
begins 8:
' A note of Sebastian Cabot's first discouerie of part of the Indies, taken
out of the latter part of Robert Fabian's Chronicle, not hitherto printed,
which . . .
1 P. 872 ; Annates, 481, 482. The Chronicles were the first edition of the
Annales.
2 P. 23 in Hakluyt's Society's reprint.
8 Principall Navigations, iii.
33°
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
' In the 13 yere of King Henry the seventh by means of one John Cabot,
a Venetian, &c.'
The changes are not insignificant in themselves, and illustrate the licence
which writers of the sixteenth century allowed themselves in handling their
originals. But otherwise there is nothing in Stow's and Hakluyt's state¬
ments which is inconsistent with their derivation from that Chronicle—
Vitellius A XVI—which we know to have been in the custody of Stow.
M. Harrisse [John Cabot, p. 25) feels bound to infer that Stow's original did
not contain the words ' Sebastian Gabato, a Genoas sonne,' and that these
words are an interpolation made by Stow himself. Otherwise Stow has
added nothing save some rhetorical adornment. He does not mention
Fabyan as his authority, and the immediately preceding and subsequent
matter both in the Chronicles and the Annates is to be found in the Vitellius
Chronicle. If Stow's passage stood by itself, the presumption that it was
derived from this, his own, copy of the Chronicles of London would be over¬
whelming. Hakluyt no doubt obtained his information not from Stow's
Chronicles, but from Stow himself. The seeming contradiction in his revised
statement may have been due to his own knowledge that it was John and not
Sebastian who was primarily concerned. Of his other two additions, ' being
in her as chief patron the said Venetian,' and 'of whom in that Mayor's
time returned no tidings,' the first might clearly be derived from the Vitellius
Chronicle. The latter is a scarcely warrantable gloss on ' but to this present
moneth came nevir knowledge of their exployt,' and we now know that it is
untrue. I have already stated that the original of the passage in the Vitellius
Chronicle was probably written early in September, 1498. Even if Hakluyt's
ascription of his account to Fabyan is correct, it is at least probable that our
Chronicle represents the original more nearly than would the lost manuscript
of Fabyan, which was not written till after 1504. See pp. xxvii, xxix, above,
and note on p. 338. See also Harrisse, Jean et Sdbastien Cabot, 49-60,John
Cabot the discoverer ojAmerica, esp. pp. 21-5, 55-8, 117-37, and Dtcouverte
et Evolution cartographique de Terre-Neuve, p. 16; Winsor, Narrative and
Critical History oj America, iii. 1-3, 38-9; Weise, Discourses oj America,
186-204; Proceedings oj American Antiquarian Society, Oct. 1865, and
Oct. 1881 (the latter article being an inaccurate examination of Vitellius A
XVI ; the years are, moreover, taken as regnal instead of mayoral); Busch, i.
359-62 ; Dictionary of National Biography, viii. 166.
13. the Gardeyns . . . ivlout the more gate. Stow, Survey, 159, says that
' of the gardens was made a plain field for archers to shoot in.' Hall, 568,
under 1514, records that the common fields outside the walls 'had been
so enclosed with hedges and ditches, that neither the young men of the city
might shoot, nor the ancient persons walk for their pleasures in these fields.'
The citizens then applied a forcible remedy by destroying all the hedges and
ditches. ' After which time these fields were never hedged.' ' But now,'
adds Stow, ' we see the thing in worse case than ever, by means of inclosure
for gardens, wherein are built many fair summer-houses.' The Moor field
was not finally built over till after the Great Fire.
NOTES
331
37. Bisshoppis paleis of Salesbury. Salisbury Court, afterwards sold to
the Sackville family, and enlarged by Thomas Sackville, first Earl of Dorset
(1536-1608), whence it was known as Dorset House. It was burnt in 1666,
but the old names are still preserved in Salisbury Square, and Dorset Street,
Whitefriars {London Past and Present, i. 5x5, iii. 202).
P. 225, 16. Thomas Wyndoute. Sheriff, 1497, successively alderman of
Cripplegate and Coleman Streets Wards. John Mathew, mercer, whom he
succeeded, was sheriff in 1482, and mayor in 1490 ; Stow records that he was
the first mayor who was a bachelor.
19. son of a Cordwainer. Hall, 490, describes this pretender simply as
Ralph Wilford, scholar of an Austin friar called Patrick. The Bull Inn was
nearly opposite St. Helen's; the yard was used in Elizabeth's time for
dramatic representations. It was pulled down in 1866 (.London Past and
Present, i. 190, 299).
29. Brocours Alyauntes. On early regulations as to brokers in the City
see Liber Albus, i. 269, 368, 586-9.
P. 220, 12. Seynt Antonyes. A hospital in Threadneedle Street founded
by Henry III for the brethren of St. Anthony of Vienne. The foundation
included a school where John Colet is said to have been educated. The
church was granted by Edward VI to the French Protestants ; it was
destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, but rebuilt ; it was pulled down as part
of the improvements when the new Royal Exchange was built. See Dug-
dale, Monasticon, vi. 766 ; London Past and Present, i. 52, ii. 78.
17. sir John ffenkyll. Alderman of Bridge Ward, and sheriff in 1487.
31. Stephen Jenyns. Merchant Taylor, son of William Jenyns of
Wolverhampton, alderman of Castle Baynard Ward, sheriff in 1498, mayor
in 1508. He built a great part of the Church of St. Andrew Undershaft,
was founder of the Grammar School at Wolverhampton, and dying in 1524
was buried at Greyfriars. See Stow, Survey, 43, 55 ; Sharpe, Cal. of
Wills, ii. 614, 643 Herbert, Livery Companies, ii. 427, 490.
P. 227, 15. the Tuysday. This is probably a copyist's error for Thursday,
which is the correct date. Similarly on the next page Thursday 1 the xxix day
of Nouembre ' is an error for Thursday, 28 November. See Busch, i. 350.
P. 228, 11. Byrsam. Bisham Abbey, near Great Marlow, was the burial-
place of the Montacute Earls of Salisbury, of Richard Neville, Earl of
Salisbury, and of his son Warwick, the ' king maker.' See p. 273, above.
18, 19. Strangwissh, Blowet, Astwood, and long Roger. Hall, 491,
calls them Warbeck's keepers, 'beynge seruauntes to sir John Dygby.'
Hall's addition is probably incorrect, for Astwood and ' long Roger ' seem to
have been followers of Perkin. See Busch, i. 350. For previous notices
of Astwood see pp. 203, 204, above. 'Long Roger' had been arrested for
some offence in 1494, see Excerpta Historica, 99.
36. Jubylie at Rome. For the Bull of Alexander VI, proclaiming the
Jubilee and indulgences, see Gairdner, Letters, &c., ii. 93-100, and lxii.
P. 229, 8. a Comon Counsell. See Sharpe, London and the Kingdom,
i. 335, for reference to the City Journal.
33^
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
14. a lettre sent by the kyng. The text of Henry's letter is given here
only. It was, however, made use of by Hall and Bacon. Henry crossed to
Calais on 3 May, and remained there till 16 June. His meeting with Philip
took place at St. Peter's Church near Calais on 9 June. See Busch, i.
167-8, 363.
P. 232, 4. The Mair and all the Craftes. See Sharpe, London and the
Kingdom, i. 335, with reference to City Journal, f. 190. The mayor and
aldermen, in their violet gowns, stood by St. Dunstan's Church, and next
day went to Westminster by barge.
P. 233, 8. Towne of Modon. Modon, or Mothone, in the Morea was taken
from the Venetians in June 1499. On the pope's scheme for help against the
Turks see Gairdner, Letters, &c., ii. lxii, 93 ; Busch, i. 232-5, 384.
22. Rich mount. The name of Richmond in Surrey was due to no such
fanciful story, but was derived from the title of Earl of Richmond, borne by
Henry VII before he was king.
32. the Erie of Suff. For Suffolk's flight, his career abroad, and
ultimate fate, see Busch, i. 165-98.
P. 234, 5. Dame Kateryn. . . was landed. Catherine had left Corunna on
17 August, she landed at Plymouth on 2 October, and was betrothed to
Arthur at Dogmersfield in Hampshire on 5 Nov. For the elaborate prepara¬
tions for her journey from Plymouth to Lambeth, see Gairdner, Letters,
&c., i. 406-9.
15. the Crane in the Vyntry. See notes on p. 299 and 326.
25. my lord prynce. It was thought that Arthur should reach the City
a day or two before his bride, and lodge in the Wardrobe 'for his more
redynesse for the busynesse of the next day' (Gairdner, Letters, &c.,
i. 412).
33. where she was receyved wl moost Triumphe. The ceremonies and
pageants, on the occasion of Catherine's entry into London, and her marriage,
are said to have been devised by Richard Foxe, bishop of Winchester
(Chambers, Mediaeval Stage, ii. 171). A fuller, and probably official,
narrative of the reception of the princess, of the pageants, of the ceremonies
at her marriage, and finally of the funeral of the ill-starred bridegroom, is
preserved at the Heralds' College. This latter version gives in addition
to the verses a minute description of the several pageants ; the Latin
distiches are, however, omitted. Our Chronicler probably described the
pageants from his own observation. The verses, we may conjecture, were
published. The Heralds' College MS. was printed in Grose's Antiquarian
Repertory, ii. 248-331. The variations in the text are not important, and may
in part be due to faulty transcription. An official memorandum, on the
' Arrangements for the Reception of Catherine of Aragon,' is given in
Gairdner, Letters, &c., i. 404-17. See also Leland, Collectanea, v. 352-81,
a similar account to that in the Antiquarian Repertory, except for the
omission of the verses.
35. first at London Brigge. The first pageant was a tabernacle of two
floors,' semblaunt unto tweyne rodelofts.' St. Catherine was seated in the
NOTES
333
lower, and St. Ursula in the higher. Above was a picture of the Trinity. The
tabernacle was adorned with figures of angels, and painted with ostrich
feathers, red roses, and portcullises (Ant. Rep. ii. 260).
P. 236, 6. Of Lancastre. In allusion to Catherine's descent from Catherine,
daughter of John of Gaunt, who married Henry of Castile. Ursula was,
according to the legend, daughter of Deonotus, a British prince.
33. Graces strete. The second pageant at the widest part of Gracechurch
Street was built of timber, covered with canvas painted to look like stone.
The ornaments were red and white roses, gilt crowns, blue garters, golden
fleur de lys, and portcullises. Policy was represented by a knight standing in
the gateway, Noblesse as a knight in the upper story, and Virtue as
a bishop (Ant. Rep. ii. 263-4).
P. 239, 23. the Conduyt In Cornhill. The third pageant was of imitation
brickwork, with a canopied bench under three pillars painted to resemble
marble. It was adorned with badges as before, and the bench was covered
with green and white chequers and red roses. Alfonso, Job, and Boethius sat
on the bench. Above them was a ' blue sphere of the moon,' with volvell.
Above the sphere sat Raphael (Ant. Rep. ii. 268).
28. Alphons. Alfonso X, king of Castile and Leon, called the Wise,
who died in 1204, was a direct ancestor of Catherine, and devised the
astronomical Tabulae Alphonsinae.
P. 244, 13. Soperlane. It was so called from the Soapers, or soap-makers,
dwelling there. It is now Queen Street.
13. the pagent. This was built with four pillars supporting the Red
Dragon, the White Hart, the Red Lion rampant, and the White Greyhound.
In the front was a great wheel, ' wonderfully wrought with clouds.' On the
top of the wheel was the Father of Heaven, and in its midst the chair
for Arthur. The wheel was adorned with figures and badges. On its
broad part were three armed knights; 1 the which, as they wolde, ascended,
and torned the wheel very swyftly all the season of the comyng of the Princes.'
The pageant was named the Sphere of the Sun, as ' appropriate to the Prynce
of Englond, shewyng and declaryng his fatall disposicion and desteny' (Ant.
Rep. ii. 273).
20. the ■persone of ffroneas. The MS. is so worn that the letters 'eas'
are uncertain. Perhaps it means Phronesis ((frpovrjais) or Wisdom. The
Herald does not say who delivered the speech.
P. 245, 14. a right Cost lew pagent. The fifth pageant, called the Temple
of God, had in its forefront ' a great and a large red rose ' as high as a man,
with the greyhound and dragon as its supporters. On four posts at the
corners were four sage persons to represent the Prophets. Above all was
a throne compassed with candlesticks of gold, and goodly books and flowers.
Within the throne was the Godhead, and all about angels innumerable
singing harmoniously (Ant. Rep. ii. 274).
17. In an hous, &c. The Herald says that the king and his court had
come secretly, and stood ' not in very opyn sight, but with the yeomen of the
guard in the upper stories and battlements, and with a large retinue of
334
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
servants in the street' (Ant. Rep. ii. 281). The erection of ' the kynges
standing in Cheapside ' cost 61. 13J". 4d. (Excerpta Hisiorica, 126).
P. 246, 17. the mair. The Herald says that the mayor and aldermen
rode before the princess through Chepe, and, awaiting her at the Little
Conduit, there made her a present of plate (Ant. Rep. ii. 281).
22. she Rode forth. The Herald describes the order of the procession at
this point. First came the Kings of Arms and Heralds, then the Earls
of Kent and Northumberland, and the Duke of Buckingham, with their
gentlemen. Then a band of Spanish musicians. Next the Spanish lords and
gentlemen, with an escort of Englishmen. After them came Catherine
herself, escorted by the Duke of York and the Papal Legate, riding on
a great mule richly trapped after the manner of Spain. She was dressed in
her native fashion, with a little hat like that of a Cardinal, and with her fair
auburn hair hanging down her back. After the princess came four Spanish
and four English ladies. The Spanish ladies rode on the wrong side of their
mules, and their saddles were like folding stools, with four staves, two behind
and two before. One of them wore a black thing of cloth over the kerchief
on her head, like a religious woman, after the manner of Spain. The
procession was concluded by Maids of Honour, ladies, and gentlewomen in
waiting (the Spanish women were marvellously dressed, but were not of the
fairest), and by the servants and yeomen of the English Lords.
26. a goodly pagent. The sixth pageant was adorned with pillars, and
pictures of lions, dragons, and greyhounds. On either side was a great pair
of stairs, and at the top stood the Seven Virtues with a host of virgins in
white. Above were three seats, on the middle of which sat Honour robed in
purple velvet, on the other seats were cushions with sceptres and coronets
in token that they were reserved for the prince and princess (Ant. Rep. ii.
279, 280).
27. wherof Prelacy and Honour had spechis as foloweth. The Herald's
account makes no mention of Prelacy in this pageant, and his speech
is given under the Fifth Pageant as spoken by 'the Prelate of the Church,'
a personage who is not otherwise described in that place (Ant. Rep. ii. 275).
P. 248, 33. all stode secretely in a closet. The stage for the ceremony was
set ' anempst the consistory, to thentent that the king and quene may secretly
goo out of the bisshop's palois into the same consistory, and ther to here and
see the ceremonyes of the mariage at their pleasure' (Gairdner, Letters, &c.,
i. 413). The Herald says that in the vault above the stage was a closet made
properly with lattice windows for the king and queen (Ant. Rep. ii. 284).
P. 249, 1. a Round compassed grese, or Mounteyn. 1 The faction of this
haulte place is devised to be made like unto the haulte place at the cristernyng
of the kinges childern, with brode and large greces and steppes, and with
a good large space, alle on high on loft to thentent that executor of thoffice
of the mariage, and the ministres of the church necessary for to doo that
acte, and the prince and the princesse, may be toguyder, and no moo above
in the said space, alle on high, then be necessary. And the bisshops, abbottes,
and other prelates and other officers may stande lower upon the said steppes
NOTES
335
and the haulte place, soo as therby growe noon impediment to the sight of
the peple. And that fro the said haulte place to the quere dore there be
a stage of v fote high, with a raile upon either side ' (Gairdner, Letters, &c.,
i- 413).
10. a scaffold Ray led. The Herald describes this as a ' levy,' ' like unto
a bridge of tymbre, byldyd and arrayed upon great and meny postes roulyd
upon bothe the siddes with red say' (Ant. Rep. ii. 284).
28. Many in nombre there were. Stow (Annates, 484), who otherwise
seems to have followed V., here makes an insertion : ' many mo there were of
200, 300 and so forth, these were not noted for length but for the greatnesse
of the linkes. Also the Duke of Buckingham ware a gowne wrought of
Needle work, and set vpon cloth of tissue, furred with sables, the which gowne
was valued at 1500/. Sir Nicholas Vause, knight, ware a gown of purple
veluet pight with peeces of gold, so thicke and massie, that it was valued
in golde, besides the silke and fur, a thousand pound : which chaines and gar¬
ments were valued by goldsmiths of best skill, and them that wrought them.'
P. 250, 13. vpon the Tuysday. The Monday was spent by the bride and
bridegroom in retirement. On the Tuesday, after mass at St. Paul's, Catherine
for the first time took her dinner after the accustomed service of England
(Ant. Rep. ii. 293).
23. toke ther Barges. The river procession included forty barges and
more, 'so as heretofore have not been seen so many barges, so well
accompanyed upon the Thames at onys' (Ant. Rep. ii. 295).
25. Westm\ Bridge. That is, to the Westminster landing-stage or pier.
' Bridge' was commonly used in this sense. See note on Temple Bridge on
p. 312, above, and London Past and Present, iii. 481.
26. a Solempne and Triumphaunt Justice. The Wednesday was
devoted to the creation of Knights of the Bath. The Tournament on
Thursday was held on the great and large void space before Westminster
Hall and the Palace. There was a stage for the king and queen on the
south side, and another on the north side for the Mayor, Sheriffs and
Aldermen, and Worshipfulls of the Craftes (Ant. Rep. ii. 298).
31. the Duke of Bokyngham. The Herald describes the Duke's pavilion
as made of white and green silk,1 beyng four square with proper turrets and
pynacles of curyous werk, sett full of red rosys of the king's bagges ; the
which pavilion was borne and upholded with right many of his servants
on foote, in jakettes of silke, blak and red.'
37. iij other Chalengers. There were four other Challengers, Sir George
Herbert, Sir Rowland de Veilleville, the lord Berners, and the lord Henry of
Buckingham.
P. 251, 16. William of Devenshire. His 1 chapell' is described as 'a Red-
dragon led by a gyant, and with a great tre in his hond.' The Chronicle
seems to have confused this with the pavilion of the Earl of Essex. Essex
had ' a great mountayn of green, with many raggs, treis, perlys, stones, and
mervelous bestes upon the sidds, and on the highte of the mountayn there
was a goodly yonge lady in her heer' (Ant. Rep, ii. 298).
336
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
26. ffiftly came in a Gentilman. The fifth Defender was Sir John
Peache (see p. 202), who, according to the Herald, had a pavilion of
' silk rede.'
P. 252. 24. duryng these Justes. On the Friday there was a great dis¬
guising and banquet in Westminster Hall, followed by dancing. For an
account of the disguising see Collier, English Dramatic Poetry, i. 58, and
Chambers, Mediaeval Stage, i. 399. The Saturday was rainy, so there were
no entertainments. On Sunday there was a banquet in the Parliament
Chamber, followed by dances and disguisings. Monday there were fresh
jousts. On Tuesday the knights rested, whilst the other nobles solaced and
danced in their chambers all day. On the Wednesday and Thursday the
jousts were renewed, and on the Thursday evening, after a banquet and
disguising, rewards were distributed to those who had taken part in the
jousting (.Ant. Rep. ii. 299-309).
P. 253, 7. Vpon the morow. On Friday all went to Richmond, 'the
king's only chamber and closet elect, the bright and shining star of building.'
There were barges for the mayor, the sheriffs, the aldermen, and the
crafts, and for nearly all the lords in England. At Richmond there were
other sports and hunting on the Saturday and Sunday, and on the Monday
the Spaniards departed {Ant. Rep. ii. 313-19).
21. made this Balade. This poem is found nowhere else. It may,
however, be ascribed with certainty to William Dunbar. The Scottish
embassy consisted of Robert Blackadder, Archbishop of Glasgow, Patrick
Hepburn, Earl of Bothwell, Andrew Foreman, Apostolical Protonotary, and
Sir Robert Lundy, Treasurer of Scotland. Dunbar had gone with Blackadder
on an embassy to France in 1491, and there is very little doubt that he
accompanied him to England also in 1501. In Henry VII's Privy Purse
accounts entries occur of the payments of 61. 15-y. 4d. to 'The Rhymer
of Scotland' on 31 Dec. 1501, and 1 Jan. 1502 (Excerpta Historica, 126).
Under 20 Dec. 1501, the Treasurer of Scotland's Accounts have an entry of
5/. paid to Master William Dunbar, ' efter he com furth of England.' The
description of Dunbar as Protonotary in our Chronicle is probably due
to confusion with Andrew Foreman. See Poems of William Dunbar
(Scottish Text Society), i. pp. xxxiii, xxxiv, cliv, and ii. pp. 276-8.
P. 254, 12. many a swanne. The tame swans were a remarkable feature
in mediaeval London. John Major (book i. ch. v), the Scottish historian,
writing a little later, says : ' There are three or four thousand tame swans on
the river. But, although I have seen many swans there, I did not count
them. I report what I heard.' Raphael Volaterranus (circa 1500), speaks of
4,000 swans on the Thames ; see Wylie, Henry IV, iv. 29.
13. many a Barge. The river was the great highway of the City, both
commercially and otherwise. In Stow's time there were ' above the number,
as is supposed, of 2,000 wherries and other small boats' {Survey, 6).
P. 255, 23. Arthtire. He died on 2 April, 1502, and was buried with
great state at Worcester on 27 April (.Antiquarian Repertory, ii. 322-39).
34. the Gray ffreres chaunged their habyte. The Grey friars Chronicle has
NOTES
337
simply : 1 this yere the gray freeres changyd their abbyttes into whytte gray
apponne Sent Georges Day' (Monumenta Franciscana, ii. 184).
P. 257, 17. the new werk of the Guyldehall. Stow, Survey, 102, simply
quotes this. The feasts had been kept previously in Merchant Taylors' and
Grocers' Halls. See p. 234, above.
34. the Atnyte and peas. This was the general commercial treaty con¬
cluded with Maximilian and Philip on 19 June, 1502, at Antwerp. Maximilian
also agreed not to shelter any rebels against Henry. See Busch, i. 174, 366 ;
Letters and Papers, i. 152-77, ii. 106-12 ; Foedera, xiii. 3, 6-10, 12-27.
P. 258, 3. three men were brought out of an Iland. The merchants of
Bristol made many ventures to the west at the close of the fifteenth
and beginning of the sixteenth centuries. In 1498 the Spanish ambassador
reported that the people of Bristol had for the last seven years sent out every
year two, three, or four light ships in search of the island of Brazil (Cat. Letters,
&r*c. relating to Spain, i. 177). Robert Thorne states that his father,
Nicholas Thorne, and Hugh Eliot sent out expeditions. On 19 March, 1501,
letters patent for discovery were granted to Richard Warde, Thomas
Ashehurst, and John Thomas of Bristol, and again on 9 Dec. 1502 to
Ashehurst and Hugh Eliot (.Foedera, xii. 37). On 7 Jan. 1502 a grant of 5/.
was made to the ' men of Bristoll, that founde thisle,' and on 24 Sept. 1502
20/. was paid to 'the merchants of Bristol! that have bene in the Newe
founde Launde.' (Excerpta Historica, 126, 129; see also id. 131, 133
for payments in 1503 and 1505 for presents of hawks, popinjays, and cats
brought to the king.)
In his Chronicles, p. 875, under date 1502, Stow has as follows : ' This yere
were brought unto the king three men taken in ye new found Hands, by
Sebastian Gabato beforenamed, in anno 1468 \by error for 1498]. These
men were clothed in Beastes skinnes, and eate raw Flesh, but spake
such a language as no man could understand them, of the which three
men two of them were seene in the King's Court at Westminster two
yeares after, clothed like Englishmen, and could not be discerned from
English men.'
In the Annates, p. 485, the same passage appears with the marginal note,
'Robert Fabian Ann. Reg. 18.'
Hakluyt in his Divers Voyages has a note: ' Of three savages which
hee brought home and presented unto the king in the xvii yere of his raigne1.'
' This yere also were brought unto the king three men taken in the new
founde Iland, that before I spake of in William Purchas time being mayor.
These were clothed in beastes skinnes and ate rawe fleshe, and spake such
speech that no man coulde understand them, and in their demeanour like to
bruite beastes, whom the king kept a time after. Of the which vpon two
1 In his Principall Navigations (iii. 9), written seventeen years later, Hakluyt
altered this into : 'Of three savages which Cabot brought home and presented nnto
the king in the fourteenth yere of his raigne, mentioned by the forenamed Robert
Fabian.' Probably he altered his first note through a misunderstanding of the
reference to ' William Purchas time' and of Stow's account.
KINGSFORD Z
338 CHRONICLES OF LONDON
yeeres past after I saw two, apparelled after the maner of Englishmen,
in Westminster pallace, which at that time I could not discerne from
Englishemen, till I was learned what they were. But as for speech, I
heard none of them vtter one word.'
Here we get a definite addition to the text of the Vitellius Chronicle. In
Hakluyt's version, if we may trust him to be giving the actual words of his
authority, the last two sentences read like a comment added by a later hand, and
are not dissimilar to the personal notes which Fabyan interpolates occasionally
in the text of his original. But if this passage is really derived from Fabyan's
manuscript, it confirms the opinion, which I have expressed in a previous
note on p. 330, that in the Vitellius Chronicle we have the true original of
these notes on the discoveries of the Bristol merchants. It is to be
observed that the part of the Vitellius Chronicle in which these passages
occur ends with 1502-3, and was probably copied soon after its contemporary
original, whereas the Fabyan note on the three wild men was, on the face of
it, not written till 1504, and, as we may fairly conjecture, not till some years
later. With regard to the date, and the statement that it was Cabot who
brought the men to England, Hakluyt seems to have been led astray through
Stow's insertion ' by Sebastian Gabato beforenamed, in anno 1498.' I do not
think that Stow meant anything else than ' taken in the island, which was
found by Sebastian Cabot, as described under 1498.' Similarly, ' that before
I spake of in William Purchas time being mayor' means merely ' described
under the year of William Purchas.' Hakluyt in giving ' the xvii yere of his
raigne' no doubt followed the London Chronicle without realizing the
difference of mayoral and regnal years. M. Harrisse {John Cabot, pp.
143-8) argues that the ' Robert Fabian Ann. Reg. 18 ' of Stow was an
error, and that the true date was the seventeenth regnal year, i. e. before
22 August, 1502. But though the months of September and October 1502
belonged to the eighteenth regnal, they also belonged to the seventeenth
mayoral year. Stow in his Annales used regnal years, and always notes the
beginning of the regnal year in the margin ; ' Robert Fabian' and 'Ann. Reg.
18' are really two separate notes. As Stow recognized, the statement in our
Chronicle must from its position belong to either September or October 1502.
The merchants of Bristol, who found the wild men, were probably those
to whom the grant of 20/. was paid on 24 Sept. 1502. For authorities see
note on p. 330, above.
13. Turmylbroke. The Fleet was anciently called the river of Wells,
as augmented by numerous wells, Clerkenwell, Skinners Well, &c.; it was
also called Turnmill Brook from the mills on it. The mills, by diverting the
water, contributed to the blocking of the stream for barges. In 1307 they
were removed and the brook cleansed. But the stream soon fouled again, and
was often cleared. Stow speaks of this cleansing in 1502 as 'the last of all
to any effect.' In the seventeenth century Fleet Ditch was an unsavoury
nuisance. In 1670 it was widened and deepened ; but to no good effect, and
ultimately in 1740 it was arched over. The Fleet now discharges into the
main sewer. Cf. Stow, Survey, 6 ; London Past and Present, ii. 52-4.
NOTES
339
21. the Chapell of our lady. The first stone of the new ' Henry the
Seventh's Chapel' was laid on 24 Jan. 1508. Stow calls the tavern that was
pulled down 'the White Rose.' See Survey, 170; Annates, 485.
P. 259, 4. the Quenes corps. The manner of the ' receyvyng of the corps
of the most noble princes, Ouene Elizabeth,' as given in the City Archives, is
printed in Archaeologia, xxxii. 126.
14. blanch Chapilton. Blanch Appleton was a manor belonging in 1384
to Sir Thomas Roos of Hamlake. In 1720 Strype describes it as ' a large
open square place called Blanch Appleton Court.' It was on the east side
of Mark Lane near Fenchurch Street. The name was corrupted into Blanch
Chapulton, and ultimately into Blind Chapel Court {London Past and
Present, i. 203).
32. a Roy all Ambassade. On the embassy see Busch, i. 177, 367. On
the celebrations in the City see Sharpe, London and the Kingdom, i. 336;
there were to be nine bonfires with a hogshead of wine at each, with two
sergeants and two yeomen to keep order; as it was Lent, and the queen was
so lately dead, there was to be no minstrelsy. See also Stow, Survey, 26,
following our Chronicle.
P. 260, 5. Ln greate numbre. The most valuable part of Vitellius A XVI
here stops abruptly. When the subsequent addition was made the copyist
appears to have overlooked the imperfection of the narrative for 1502-3.
Whether the original stopped at the same point we cannot tell, but the con¬
tinuation of Fabyan (p. 688) has the following, which seems somewhat
superior to the meagre record of the later years : ' And this yere the ffelisshyp
of tayllours of London purchased a graunt of the kyngto be called Marchaunt
Tayllours. And the viij day of August was the kynge of Scottes married vnto
the eldest doughter of the kyng. Also in July were areyned at the Guyldhall
Olyuer Sainte John, Robert Simpson, Wellysborn before named, Pool bayly
of Thorok, & iiij other, all beyng cast for treason, whereof the sayde Olyuer
& Pool, wyth twoo shyppemen, were putte in execucion at Tyborne, and the
other were pardoned.'
12. the Sergeauntes feest. See note on p. 325, above.
22. foyll Alym. Stow {Annates, 485) says: ' This yere allume, which
many yeres before had beene solde for 6s. an hundred, arose to 5 nobles an
hundred, and after to 4 markes.' The rise in price was probably due to
the dispute with the papal curia as to the importation of alum. See Busch,
i. 229 ; Gairdner, Letters and Papers, ii. 167, 255.
30. confirmation of their liberties. In 1503 the City authorities had been
deprived of their control over the livery companies, and at the same time the
Tailors had obtained a charter ousting the authority of the mayor. The City
did not succeed in getting its charter of confirmation till 23 July, 1505, and
in spite of the heavy fine the terms were not satisfactory. See Sharpe,
London and the Kingdom, i. 337.
33. a legg of Seint Georges. It was a present from the French statesman,
the Cardinal d'Amboise. Cf. B. Andreas, Annales, 82.
P. 261, 4. the Thirde Cafipe of May?itenaunce. See note on p. 326, above.
Z 2
34°
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
11. the hidyous <wynd. Stow, Annates, 485, says: 'this tempest was
strange to many men, because the violence therof had blowne doune the
eagle of brasse from ye spire of Paul's Church in London, and in the falling
the same eagle brake and battered the blacke eagle, which hung for a signe
in Paules churchyard, that tyme beyng but low houses, where now is the
schoole of Paules.' See also Greyfriars Chronwhich resembles Stow
(.Monumenta Franciscana, ii. 185). The date was 15 January.
14. the Archduke of Burgoyn. Philip on his way to Spain was forced
by stress of weather to land at Weymouth on 16 Jan. 1506. Henry invited
him to Windsor, and extorted from him a treaty, which provided for the
surrender of the Earl of Suffolk. See Busch, i. 191, 192.
28. a new bildedgalary. Stow (Annates, 486) writes : ' In the beginning
of the moneth of July a gallerie new builded at Richmonde, wherein the K.
and ye prince his son had walked not one hour before, it fell sodainly downe
about midnight, but no Christian man perished thereby.'
80, 31. Thomas Johnson, William ffitz William. FitzWilliam had
been put forward in 1505 by the Merchant Taylors as candidate for the
shrievalty, but on account of the ill-feeling aroused two years before was
rejected. In Sept. 1506 the lords in the Star Chamber refused to admit
Johnson, and on 10 Oct. Edmund Dudley brought an express command from
the king that FitzWilliam was to be elected in his room, 'which took place
at last after great difficulty.' See Stow, Annales, 486 ; Continuation of
Fabyan, 688; Arnold, 42.
37. Thomas Kneysworth. Son of John Kneysworth, or Knesworth, of
Knesworth, Cambridgeshire. He was a fishmonger, sheriff in 1495, and
elected alderman first of Bishopsgate Ward, and then of Cornhill Ward in
succession to Sir Henry Colet on 6 Nov. 1505, in the same year that he was
mayor. The charge brought against him by Empson and Dudley was
a misuse of his office, and he and his sheriffs had to pay 1400/. He gave
60/. towards building the water conduit at Bishopsgate, and bequeathed
much property to his company. His will, dated 13 April, 1513, was enrolled
in May 1514. See Stow, Survey, 65 ; Annates, 486 ; Orridge, Citizens and
their Rulers, 224 ; Herbert, Livery Companies, ii. 43 ; Sharpe, Cal. Wills
Court of Husting, ii. 619.
P. 262, 6. William Browne. See note on p. 327, above.
7. Sir Laurence Aylemer. Draper, alderman of Bread Street Ward,
and sheriff in 1501. In 1509 he was accused by Empson and Dudley, fined
iooo/., and kept in prison till their fail in the next reign. In 1526, being
destitute, his company granted him is. 4d.—as it would seem weekly—' vnto
such tyme as God shall other wyse provide for him.' If at any time he was
'not content with the foresaid charite, or make any sute for any more' it
was to be void. See Stow, Annales, 486; Herbert, Livery Companies, i.
428; Orridge, 225.
14. Sir William Capell. See note on p. 324, above.
35. Thomas Bradbury. Mercer, son of William Bradbury, of Broughton,
Herts, alderman of Aldersgate Ward, sheriff in 1498-9. His widow left
NOTES
34i
money to the Mercers in 1513. See Herbert, Livery Companies, i. 235,
248; Orridge, 225.
P. 263, 3. licence was first given. The regulations as to re-election to the
mayoralty varied from time to time; at one time five years had to elapse,
and at another seven years (Strype, Survey, ii. 154).
12. the Cardynalles hatte. Wolsey's hat was received in state on
15 Nov., and bestowed in Westminster Abbey three days later.
24. the kynges sister. Margaret Tudor escaped to England with her
second husband, the Earl of Angus, on 30 Sept. 1515, after her sons, the
little James V and his brother, had been seized by the Regent Albany-
P. 268, 4. afray in Estchepe. Contemporary notices of the riotous
conduct of the king's sons in Eastcheap are found only in the Chronicles of
London. The addition that as a consequence the cook-shops were closed
at nine o'clock is peculiar to V.
H. reads: 1 In this yere was a fray made in Estchepe, be the kinges sones
Thomas and John with men of the town.'
G. reads: 'And the same tyme was the hurlynge in Estchepe by the lord
Thomas and the lorde John, the kyngys sone,' &c.
The Grey friars Chronicle, ii. 163, has simply: 'And the kynges sonnes
beten in Chepe.'
J. B I and S. have no notice.
Stow, Annates, 338, has r 'Upon the even of Saint John Baptist Thomas
and John the kinges sonnes, being in East Cheape at London, at supper
after mydnight, a great debate hapned betweene their men, and men of the
Court, lasting an houre, till the Maior and Sheriffes with other citizens
ceased the same.'
In his Survey, 82, Stow writes : ' In the year 1410, the 11th of Henry IV,
upon the even of S* John Baptist, the king's sons, Thomas and John, being
in Eastcheape at Supper (or rather at breakfast, for it was after the watch
was broken up, betwixt two and three of the clock after midnight), a great
debate happened between their men and other of the court, which lasted one
hour, till the mayor and sheriffs with other citizens appeased the same; for
the which afterwards the said mayor, aldermen, and sheriffs were called to
answer before the king, his sons, and divers lords, being highly moved
against the city. At which time, William Gascoyne, chief justice, required
the mayor and aldermen, for the citizens, to put them in the king's grace;
whereunto they answered, that they had not offended, but (according to the
law) had done their best in stinting debate and maintaining of the peace;
upon which answer the king remitted all his ire, and dismissed them.'
P. 273, 18. many buttes of Romeney. The mayor was John Raynwell, and
the year 1426-7. For a fuller notice see Amundesham, Annates, i. 18, where
it is alleged that the Lombard merchants had tampered with the proper
nature {debitam naturam) of their wines.
P. 282, 14. Sir fohn Mortymer. The text gives the fullest account of the
trial of this obscure person. Mortimer claimed, as stated by his accuser
William King, to be heir of the Earl of March. He certainly was not, as
342
CHRONICLES OF LONDON
stated by Sandford (Genealogical History, 224), the earl's uncle, but may
possibly have been a cousin. His home was at Bishop's Hatfield. In
Feb. 1417 he was serving in the fleet with Sir Thomas Carew (Proc. Privy
Council, ii. 209). A few years later, probably in the summer of 1421, he was, by
order of Henry V, arrested on suspicion of treason ; in December of that year
he petitioned the lords to intercede for him with the king (id. ii. 296, 307,
311). In April, 1422, together with Thomas Payne, Oldcastle's secretary, he
escaped from the Tower, but was soon recaptured. From 29 May, 1422, to
30 June, 1423, he was in the custody of Sir John Pelham at Pevensey (Devon,
Issues of Excheqtier, 373, 377, 384). Soon after, the latter date, and certainly
before 20 Nov., he seems to have been removed to the Tower [id. 389). For
some reason the Council appear to have regarded him as dangerous, and the
special treason enactment of the Parliament of 1423-4 was aimed at him.
As soon as this act was passed, William King, one of the servants of the
Lieutenant of the Tower, was apparently instructed to incite him to escape.
Thus encouraged, Mortimer made a fresh attempt, and was at once caught,
badly wounded, in Tower Lane (Amundesham, i. 6). On 25 Feb. a jury was
empanelled before a special commission at the Guildhall to establish the
charge. In their presentment the date of Mortimer's attempt is given as
23 Feb., but from King's declaration it would appear to have been somewhat
earlier. On 26 Feb. the finding of the jury was laid before Parliament, and
on the strength of it Mortimer was executed at Tyburn on the self-same day.
The actual character of his offence is obscure. Possibly he had in the first
instance been concerned in the intrigues of Oldcastle, and his execution may
have been as Hall (p. 128) says, 'to avoyde things that might chaunce '; the
same writer adds : ' of whose death no small slaunder arose emongst the com¬
mon people.' It is a curious coincidence that the Earl of March at the same
time fell under suspicion, and was ordered off to his government in Ireland.
King's declaration against John Mortimer is only given at length in our
text; but some portion of it is contained in the account in the State Trials,
i. 267 ; Stow (Annates, 365) was, however, acquainted with it. See also
Rolls of Parliament, iv. 202 ; Cal. Patent Rolls, Henry VI, i. 186, 389 ;
Stevenson, Letters, Qr*c., i. 397 ; Ramsay, Lancaster and York, i. 339, 340.
P. 283, 40. many townes and Castelles in Guy en. Rions and La R£ole
were recovered in 1420, Bazas in June 1423. Probably the list of successes
covers the years 1420-4. Mere catalogue though it is, the list appears to
add to our knowledge. Of most of the places M. Ribadieu can only say that
they were recovered for the king of England by the Gascons between 1420
and 1435. See Ribadieu, Conquete de la Guienne, 112-23; Drouyn, La
Guienne Militaire, 18, 67, 139, 189, 270-2, 291, 383, 412.
P. 285, 16. In the Parliament was graunted. For the Finance Act of
1425 see Rolls of Parliament, iv. 275-6, 289.
P. 287, 1. in this Parliament was graunted. The enactment of 1427-8
is given in Rolls of Parliament, iv. 318, but without the final clause relating
to the payment of collectors of the subsidy.
GLOSSARY
The references in this Glossary are to the first place where the word occurs in
either of the Chronicles or in Lydgate's Verses.
A.
abbregge, to abridge, to shorten the time
for; used of notice for assembly of
Parliament, 47.
abite, abyt, habit, dress, 131, 221.
ablowe, to blow, to take breath, 117.
abrayde, burst forth, exclaimed, here used
simply as spoke, 99.
abrewe, brewe, to concoct, to set in
order, 214.
abrigge, to shield off, 100.
adventure, aventure, to undertake a
hazardous or speculative commercial
enterprise, 152, 193.
afforne, afore, before, 61,148; previously,
103.
affynyte, companionship, alliance, as¬
sociation, 69, 182.
agony, strife, mental distres
aiell, grandfather, 93.
alder, of all; alder-hyhest, highest of
all, 106 ; alder-next, next of all, 49,
114.
alow, to allow, to approve, 158.
alyauntes, aliens, foreigners, 206.
amner, almoner, 195.
apeche, to appeach, 27.
apert, open, public, 22.
appatise, to make a covenant or agree¬
ment, to settle by agreement, to levy
a contribution from, 142. Cf. ' noz
enemis qui ont longuement pille, robe,
appatisse et destruil nos diz pays.' Rep.
on Foedera D. 452.
appele, appeale, to accuse, 59, 156.
appele, an accusation, 55.
appellour, one who accuses of crime, or
demands evidence of innocence by wager
of battle, 35.
apperceive, to perceive, 170.
appered, decked out, apparelled, 104.
apployed, designed, contrived, 238.
appoyntement, agreement, terms of
capitulation, 173, 177, 271.
appropred, appropriated; as an eccle¬
siastical term, annexed to a religious
corporation, 67.
arenyng, 99; a doubtful and possibly
corrupt word, but perhaps connected
with A.S. earnian, to obtain,
areyne, to arraign, 155 : see rayne.
armitte, hermit, 221.
arraysed, areysed, raised, 31, 172.
arrecte, to attribute to, to charge upon,
39-
arrerage, arrears, 196.
articulerly, article by article in separate
heads, 24.
assiduat, assiduous, constant, 226.
assoylle, to assoil, to absolve, 21, 225.
astate : see estate,
at, that, 10.
athenyng, 99 n. Perhaps a mistake for
acheuing.
attemperaunee, temperance,moderation,
109, 243.
attempred, tempered, 98.
aventure, hazard, 84, 100, 192.
avoyde, to remove from office, 203.
awbe, aib, 276.
a3enst, ayenst, against, 25, 119.
B.
bakhalf, the land side of a sea-port, 64.
balynger, ballinger, a small sailing-
vessel, 170.
bankett, banquet, 252.
barded, of a horse, caparisoned, covered
with bards, 202.
bastile, a wooden tower, 141.
batayle, battle, battalion, 119.
bawdryk, baldric, belt, 103.
baysalt, salt obtained in large crystals
by evaporation, originally from sea-
water, 226. Perhaps salt from the
Bay (of Biscay) : cf. 'a vessel coming
with salt from the Bay,' Stow, Survey,
134-
be, by, 7, 132.
bede, prayer, 121.
behiht, promised, 39.
bekele, to cool, to keep cool, 117.
beker, byker, to bicker, to skirmish, 170.
bekeryng, skirmish, 64.
benyme, to take away, 26.
34 4
GLOSSARY
beseyn, clothed, adorned, 203.
besy, busy, earnest, 106, 224.
besynes, care, attention, 281 ; ado, dis¬
turbance, 273.
bihest, a promise, 40.
bihete, to promise, 45.
blanket, white, or undyed woollen cloth,
259-
blaunderell, blanderell, a kind of white
apple, 109.
blymsith, blemisheth, 109 ; Murray in¬
terprets mars, but there may be a con¬
fusion with blencheth = turns aside,
boldeship, boldness, 68.
bottes, boats, 117.
bren, to burn, 2, 134, 154.
brethir, brethren, 196.
briganders, coat of mail, body armour,
159-
brocour, broker, 225.
brode, breadth, 117.
browdered, embroidered, 156.
brue, to dilute wine by mixing it with
water, 208.
bulge, to stave in the bottom of a ship,
to spring her a leak, 147.
busyly, earnestly, 39.
bycoket, a cap, 178. See note on p. 318.
byde, to pray, 121.
byhest, bihest, a promise, 20, 40.
byker : see beker.
byqu.oth.en, bequeathed, 196.
C.
caart, chart, map, 224.
canell, channel, gutter, 132.
carryke, a carack, a two-masted ship of
large size, 71.
caryage, cariage, means of conveyance,
33, 123, 144.
cese, to cede, to surrender, 23.
cess, to assess, 194.
chapell, an ornamental canopy held over
a knight when entering the lists at
a tournament, 250.
chare, a carriage or litter, 155, 279.
chased, put to flight, 45.
chastvylen, chatelain, 80.
chauff, chafe, angry; chauff medley, a
broil, 54.
cheker, exchequer, 67.
chere, cheer, iood, 119.
chere, countenance, look, or expression;
then disposition, frame of mind, 20,
100, 120.
chered, encouraged, made glad, 99 ;
feasted, 250.
childeryn, children, 44; childer, 190.
chyveteyne, chieftain, 64.
clene, clean, white, pure, 98 ; clene-
armed, in white or plain armour, 244.
clennesse, cleanness, purity, 103.
clepyd, called, 76, 114, 148, 253.
clerelich, clearly, 67.
eoart, to compel, 31.
coket, cocket, the seal of the King's
Custom-house, 285.
collacion, a conference, an address, or
sermon, 44.
columbyne, dove-like, 103.
coment, to contrive, to consult with,
199.
comonyng, intercourse, conference, 160.
compromesse, compromys, a compro¬
mise, an agreement; the document in
which an agreement is contained, 89,
90.
comprove, to approve, to justify, 77.
condescend, to vouchsafe, to grant, 172,
286.
conditor, conductor, leader, 224.
coniect, to devise, to plot, 69, 154.
consistorie, a standing place, then the
meeting-place of councillors ; a court
or company surrounding a throne, 105;
the Roman senate, 115.
contrarien, to go against, to oppose, 29,
210.
conuersacion, intercourse, society, 78.
cornall, coronall, coronet, 51, 103.
corven, carved, 250.
cost, to coast, to pass by, to traverse,
165.
costage, expense, 30, 288.
costelewe, costly, 156.
costious, costly, sumptuous, 237, 249.
costrynges, costerings, hangings, or
curtains, 222.
cot-arm er, cote-darme, coat-armour,
one who is entitled to wear coat-armour,
75, 121, 129.
cotidian, quotidian, daily, 281.
countour, countre, the office, court, or
hall of justice of a mayor or sheriff;
the prison attached to such a court, 97,
199.
courte, men of, barristers, 83, 155.
covenable, conuenable, convenient,
suitable, 39, 98, 196.
covyne, a confederacy, 24.
cowched, laid down, used of wine, 189,
255-
craft, a trade collectively, a guild, 156;
the crafts, the city-guilds, 194.
creable, credible, trustworthy, 81.
cressandes, cressets, 260.
croke, crook, turning, 75, 285.
cronacle, the head of a spear, 197.
crossailed, with cross sails, i.e. with
square sails set across the breadth of
the ship, 251.
crowsed, crushed, 18.
curll, chorlys, churl, peasant, 123, 136,
137.
GLOSSARY
345
D.
dampn, to condemn, 18.
dampnabilich, damnably, 26.
darrayne, to settle by wager of battle, to
determine, 50.
dassh, to bring to nought, 150.
dawe, a foolish person, 283.
defettyf, defective, guilty of wrongdoing,
97, I34-
degratyd, disgrated, degraded; used of
a priest condemned for heresy, 75, 128,
J47-
delyte, delightful, 103.
deme, to judge, 27, 106, 161.
demeyne, domain, iox.
denizen, a native-born, as opposed to a
foreigner, 287.
dent, dynt, a stroke, a blow, 121.
derke, dark, 13.
dever, devoir, duty, 86, 113.
devyde, to assign severally to different
places, 143.
disguysyng, a mumming, or dramatic
representation by disguisers or mum¬
mers, 200.
disgyse, to dress, 208.
disparpele, disparboyl, to throw into
confusion, to disperse, 24, 132.
distress, to defeat, 140, 159.
doghole, a vile or mean place, 138.
dolour, grief, pain, 288.
dome, judgement, 37, 108.
domyfled, in astronomy, of the heavens,
divided into twelve parts or houses,
242.
domysman, domesman, judge, 41.
dowber, dauber, plasterer, 85.
dowys, doves, 103.
draynte, dreynte, drowned, 124, 267.
dresse, to direct, 112.
dure, to last, to continue, 2.
dyffamyd, defamed, published, 42.
dyght, dight, ordained, done, 119.
dygne, worthy, ioi.
dyme, a tax of a tenth, 213, 288.
dysese, to disturb, to trouble, 70.
dyssease, to seize, 195.
E.
eftes, again, after, 119.
eftsones, immediately, 118, 230.
elumyne, to illuminate, 243.
eme, uncle, 26.
empoueryd, impoverished, 34.
enblessh, to blemish, 92.
enchase, to drive away, 100.
enfecte, infected, 68.
enflawmed, inflamed, 245.
enforce, to strengthen, 38.
enfourme, to inform, to teach, 77.
eniourn, a corruption for adjourn, 135,
153-
enpugne, to impugn, 22.
enquery, a judicial inquiry, 204.
ensured, plighted, betrothed, 127.
entayle, sculpture or carving, 105.
entendaunt, attentive, 43.
enter, properly, to inter, to bury; then
simply, to hold a funeral service in
honour of the deceased, 135 : cf. enter-
ment, 136.
equytall, probably a misrendering of
acquittal, 80.
eritage, heritage, 75, 129.
ermyte, hermit, 221.
erowys, erroneous, 222.
estate, astate, state, pomp, 155 ; rank,
position of precedence, 23, 113, 242,
270; an estate, or state, persons of
rank collectively, 22, 165; an individual
person of high rank, 168, 203, 239 ; a
seat of state, 118 : cf. cloth of Astate,
23, 227, 274.
estatly, stately, 99.
euerych, everybody, every one, 22, 132,
191.
eye, look, 119.
eyre, heir, 130.
eyren, eggs, 2.
experient, experienced, tried, approved,
281.
extende, extent, to write out in legal
form, to set out a valuation, to value,
65, 67, 287.
extent, valuation, assessment, 287.
F.
ffabour, faubourg, suburb, 100.
fare, conduct, demeanour, 122.
ffauorably, with undue favour, or
partiality, 77.
ffeate, feat, deed, 87 ; occupation, 225.
federid, pierced with arrows up to the
feather, 120.
ffeld, ffeeld, field, battle, 123, 159 ; to
gather a feeld, to collect an armed
force, 86.
fele, fell, 120.
ffelowshippe, ffeliship, feloship, fellow¬
ship, a body of fellows or equals, a
company, 97, 123, 166; one of the
city-guilds, 187.
fferde, fared, 3, 150.
ferder, more afraid, 176.
fere, to terrify, 283.
fere, a companion ; in fere, in company,
114, 120.
fferre, far, 112.
fferrer, farther, 80.
fferrour, a farrier, 221.
ffers, fierce, 70, 120.
fferthe, fourth, 66, 117.
34-6
GLOSSARY
ffeyrye, enchantment, magic, no.
fole, fool, 123.
ffolich, foolish, 32.
fond, found, 7, 170.
fongyng, present part., fang, to set about,
to undertake, 79.
ffontstone, font, 74.
foon, foes, 100, 121.
fforbarre, to prevent, to barricade, to
exclude, 77, 117.
fore, forn : see to-fore, to-forn.
forsid, forced, cared, 221.
fforyave, forgave, 26.
fforyet, to forget, 42.
foyll, foil, leaf; alym foyll, alum in
foils or laminae, 260.
ffoyson, foison, plenty, 109.
ffraunchised, franchised, freed, 98.
fifreloker, more freely, 32.
frerys, of a friar, 131.
ffrountour, ffronterys, the front of a
building, a border, no, 112.
ffullich, fully, 72.
ffyll, fell, 2, 223.
ffynaunce, finance, compensation paid
or exacted, a ransom, 174.
G.
gader, to gather, 20, 134, 191.
gan, began,100, 276.
gay nest, nearest, 202.
geraflour, gilliflower, either the wall¬
flower, or the stock, 254.
glevys, glaives, 185.
gode, goods, 117.
goon, gone, 99, 191 ; goothe, goes, 114,
254-
goostly, ghostly, spiritual, 36, 184 ;
spiritually, 103.
gree, good-will, 115.
greese, steps, stairs, 211 ; a platform
raised on steps, 249.
greve, to vex, 27.
groche, grucehe, grugge, to grudge, to
complain, 79, 125, 165.
H.
haburion, habergeon, a light sleeveless
coat of mail, 283.
hamper, a casket, not necessarily of
wicker-work, 114.
hangyng, resting upon, depending upon,
89. 257-
harneys, harness, armour, 76, 130, 162.
haunce, to enhaunce, to increase, 26.
havours, possessions, wealth, 257.
help home, to complete, 66.
hem, them, n, 129, 282.
her, here, their, 15, 118, 281.
her, heer, hair, 101, 202.
heronyous, erroneous, 200.
hethenesse, heathendom, 169.
hevy, angry, 38.
hevynesse, displeasure, anger, cause of
disagreement, 76, 97.
hight, called, 153, 268.
hir, their, 286.
hole, whole, 24, 114.
holieh, holy, wholly, 66.
hondys, hands, 118.
honged, hanged, depended upon, 36.
hoo! an exclamation to call attention,
148.
hooly, holy, wholly, 22, 133.
hosteyng, hosting, a hostile array, 202.
hoten, promise, pledge, 282.
housyng, houses, 145.
hurdeys, hurdles, a palisade, 77.
I.
inboldish, to embolden, 86.
inconuenientes, inconvenient, or un¬
toward circumstances, 286.
iniourn, 205 : see eniourn.
inow, inowth, enough, 135, 221: see
ynouh.
J-
journay, jornay, a day's work, 85;
applied particularly to a day's fighting,
136, 277. _
joyne, to enjoin, to sentence, 149.
juberdy, jupardy, jeopardy, 181, 191.
justices, justis, jousts, 146, 197.
K.
telle, a calle, a woman's cap or head¬
dress, 254.
kenet, ash-colour, a kind of grey cloth,
256.
kervyle, a carvel or caravel, a light, fast
ship, 177.
knowlech, to acknowledge, 20.
knytt up, to close up, to conclude, to
fix, 145.
konnyng, cunning, understanding, 87,
103.
konnyngly, cunningly, wisely, 99.
kyndence, kindness, 280.
L.
lene, to loan, to lend, 150.
lete, to allow, to cause to be done ; used
with another verb, e.g. lete take,
caused to be taken, 26.
lette, to hinder, to prevent, 25, 119,
167.
letter, one who lets, or hinders, 52.
levest, dearest, 84.
lewd, common, 154.
libell, a formal written statement, 60.
libertid, released, 163.
GLOSSARY
347
light, liht, lyt, to light upon, 103; to
alight, 113, 132.
logge, loge, to lodge, 77, 234.
Loller, Lollor, a Lollard, 68, 186.
lownesse, humility, 103.
lust, pleasure, freedom of will, 20, 24,
3i-
lyght, quick, ready, 121.
M.
make, mate, husband or wife, sweetheart,
235-
mnkyng, poetry, 115.
raanace, to menace, 25.
manas, a menace, a threat, 25.
maryes, marshes, 124.
masyls, measles, 178.
mayne, meyne, meny, company or
retinue, 16, 73, 119, 159.
mayned, hurt, 185.
raede, reward, 87, 121, 247.
mekely, humbly, 65.
mekyll, mickle, much, 145.
mengled, mixed, 187.
mercery, the trade of mercers, 166.
meve, to move, 27.
meymprise, to become surety for, 60.
meyne, meyny : see mayne.
meyne, men, 65.
momyng, mumming, 268.
moo, more, 51, 132, 215.
morrow-messe, the mass on the morning
after a festival ; morrow-mass priest,
the priest whose duty it is to say it,
156.
morteysed, held in mortmain, 67.
mow, might, 22, 100.
murely, demurely, 104.
murrey, a dark red, 187.
muse, to wonder at, nr.
mutigacion, apparently mitigation,
softening, 109.
myschef, mischief, misfortune, 107, 132.
mysprision, a mistake, misconduct, 204.
mysae, mistake, wrong, 281.
N.
namelich, namely, especially, 34, 83.
nedefull, indigent, 67.
nempne, to name, to call, 20.
ner, ne were, were not, 33.
neuer-the-latter, nevertheless, 28.
nigromancie, necromancy, witchcraft,
561 !54"
nolde, ne would, would not, 150.
nombrarye, numbers, 106.
nother, neither, 76, 156; a nother,
archaic form of another, 23, 149.
notorye, notorious, 62.
noye, to annoy, to injure, 70.
noyse, to noise, to report, 91.
O.
obey, to do obeisaunce, 96, 99, 131.
obioured, sworn, bound by an oath, 229.
obyt, obit, funeral obsequies, annual
memorial service, 21.
occupye, to transact business, 56.
offence, offensive weapons, 273.
offer, to make an offering at Church,
180.
onchys, inches, 223.
00, 0011, one, 8, 23.
oost, ost, host, army, 13, 143, 214.
opne, opyn, open, public, 20, 32, 157.
oppoyntement, 186: see appoyntment.
opugne, to attack, to controvert, 22.
opynly, publicly, 21.
or, ere, ever, 144, 276.
orJ?er, order, 125.
osages, usages, customs, 142.
ost, host, one who entertains another,
146.
othir, or, 89.
ouertwert, overthwart, contrary, 31.
ouht, owed, 43.
outake, except, 21.
owche, a jewelled ornament, 40.
P.
pakkes, packs, baggage, 132.
palyd, striped, 251.
parage, family, descent, 244.
pardoner, a person licensed to sell papal
pardons, 198.
parfyt, perfect, 45, 104.
parturble, to disturb, to confound, no.
patron, the master of a ship, 71.
patyze, to make a covenant or agree¬
ment, to exact a contribution from,
177 : see appatise.
pavest, defended with pavises or shields,
279.
payd, satisfied, 80, 274.
pelant, appellant, one who appeals
another, 266.
pellar, appealer, accuser, 148.
perde, Par Dieu, verily, 120.
perdurable, everlasting, 235, 280.
perry, precious stones, jewels, 51.
personable, presentable, 78.
pesyn, peas, 146.
peticapeteyne, a subordinate leader or
commander, an under-ofhcer, 160.
piler, pyler, pillar, 100, 254.
pipes, casks, 77, 223.
pirled, edged or overcast with gold
thread, 202.
pissaunce, puissance, power, 151.
play about, to occupy oneself, 135.
plegges, pledges, sureties, 117-
pleyn, to complain, 56.
pleyne, full, 26.
348
GLOSSARY
pome, apple ; pome-cedre, citron, 109;
pome-garnard, pomegranate, 109;
pome-watyr, a kind of apple, 109.
port, carriage, behaviour, 103.
poueryd, impoverished, 33.
power, a large number, as a military
term, a body or force of men, 16, 119,
2I7-
poyses, posies, 134.
prayd away, carried off, 124.
precellyng, surpassing, 107, 115, 254.
preclare, very clear, 254.
preste, a loan, 188.
preste, ready, quick, 121.
procurour, proctor, 33.
proposieion, a speech, an address, 211.
proudely, luxuriantly, extravagantly, 65.
prykker, pricker, a fore-rider, a light-
horseman, 173.
pryve, to deprive, 42.
puredd, puryd, a kind of fur, 95, 131.
putry, whoredom, 200.
pyle, peel, a fortified tower, 210, 271.
pynacled, adorned with pinnacles, 250.
Q-
quarell, an arrow, 68.
queme, to please, 106.
quenynger, quince, 109.
quest, an inquest, or inquiry, 228.
quod, quoth, 106.
quyndesme, a tax of a fifteenth, 212.
R.
race, to erase, 34.
rascayll, low or common people, 217.
rasyngf, erasure, 51.
rauht, reached, 106.
ray, a kind of striped cloth, 61 ; as an
adj., made of ray, striped, 146, 266.
rayed, arrayed, 107.
rayne, to arraign, 182.
reeiaunt, resident, 226.
rees, A.S. rees, onset, 78.
regalye, royal power, or office, 21.
reioyse, to enjoy, 31, 131.
reme, rewme, realm, 14, 138.
rengis, ranges, ranks, 99.
repayre, return, 98.
repugne, to deny, to fight against, 22.
rered, raised, 100.
reskevys, rescue; sett upon a reskevys,
used of an agreement to surrender a
fortress, if not rescued within a fixed
term, 136.
re veil, a festival, an entertainment, 50.
rewth : see ruthe.
reyse, to raise, 100.
ricardons, a kind of apple, 109.
rihtwysnesse, righteousness, justice, 28.
rofe, riven, 121.
run, to run a course, a technical term in
jousting, 201.
ruthe, pity, 18, 133.
S.
sadde, sober, discreet, 91, 166, 280.
sakke, to put in a sack, 78.
salet, salade, a light helmet, 159.
salewe, to salute, 103.
sauh, saugh., saw, 99.
saut, sawte, assault, 138.
savour, to think, to have understanding,
44.
sawter, psalter, 108.
sayntuary-man,one who has taken refuge
in a sanctuary, 182.
schippe-wessh, sheepwash, 129.
schone, shoon, shoes, 121.
scluse, sluice, 117.
seomfyt, to discomfit, 14.
scrowe, a scroll, a roll, 21.
seche, to seek, to resort to, 224.
seker, secure, safe, 120.
sekernes, security, 288.
sele, season, time, 120.
semble, similar, 79.
semble, an assembly, a meeting, 120.
sense, to cense, to burn incense before,
176, 269.
sese, to seize, 151.
sese, to cease, 112.
seson, to seize, to take possession of, 195.
sessyng, assessment, 186.
sewe, to follow, 19.
shene, shining, bright, 104.
sherifwyke, office of sheriff, 201.
shrewed, cursed, ill-disposed, 50.
sith, sithen, since, 35, 229, 280.
slevid, slashed, 202.
slouh, slew, 75.
slydyng, slippery, 45.
smytte, dotted over, 104.
soler, solar, an upper-room, 78.
sonde, sending, 78, 229 ; message, 185.
sothely, soothly, truly, 65, 120.
sotylly, subtly, 28.
souldeour, soudyour, sowdiour, a
soldier, 74, 127, 169.
soune, to sound, to threaten, 39.
spere, sphere, 101.
splate, split open, 266.
spy tell, spittle, hospital, 67.
stakes, stocks, 223.
stale, a company, a band, 123.
states, persons of rank, 191 : restate,
staunch, to stop, to satisfy, 109.
stede, place, 121.
stere, strong, stark, 120.
stoney, to astonish, 101.
stoon, stones, 108.
stoulpes, stulps, short stout posts fixed
in the ground as a barrier, 77.
GLOSSARY
349
stoure, a battle, a conflict, 121.
stownde, a space of time, 120.
stremed, covered, or adorned with, 103.
strength, a strong place, a fortress, 126.
streyne, to constrain, 21.
stuff, to store, to furnish, 79> 12°-
sufflsaunce, sufficiency, satisfaction, 98,
281.
sugred, sugared, sweet, 106.
surcese, to stop, 48.
surmontyng, excelling, 105.
surmytt, to surmise, to put upon, 77.
surpluage, superfluity, 115.
suynge, suing, following, 117, 154;
sweth, followeth, 223.
swych, such, 223.
syklew, sickly, 188.
symples, simplicity, 281.
T.
talage, tallage, a tax, 67.
tane, taken, 192.
tapcery, tapestry, 101.
tapett, tapestry, a hanging, 91.
tayle, to entail, 26.
tene, sorrow, trouble, 120.
termyne, to determine, 28, 102.
thenys, thence, 68.
thorwth, through, 221.
threpe, to assert, or maintain obstinately,
220.
threte, to threaten, 44.
to-fore, to-forn, before, 53, 105, 117.
togedris, together, 20, 117.
ton, tone, toon, the one, 49, no, 145.
tother, the other, 49, no.
to-torne, torn to pieces, 216.
travaylle, work, labour, 67; journey,
114.
travaylle, to work, 65.
tray, grief, 120.
tretable, tractable, 238.
tretely, well, suitably, nicely, 21.
trusshed, trussed, packed up, 132.
U, V.
vail, vaylle, avail, advantage, 103, 201.
variaunce, division of opinion, 214.
viage, voyage, journey, a military expe¬
dition, 33, 133, 186.
vicory, vicar, 134.
vmbray, the shade for the eyes over the
sight of a helmet, 150.
vnche, inch, 216.
vncompanyed, unoccupied, 248.
vndersette, propped up, 145.
vndirmyne (? undirnyme), to rebuke,
45-
uneth, hardly, 68.
vngoodly, improperly, 77.
vnhabilite, inability, incapacity, 20.
vnrevessed, unvested, without ecclesias¬
tical vestments, 131.
vnsuffisaunce, insufficiency, 20.
vnthrifty, prodigal, imprudent, 73.
volvell, an astronomical contrivance with
revolving circles, 239.
voydance, relinquishment, vacation, 46.
voyde, to leave, to depart from, 50; to
remove, 165.
use, purpose, 67.
used, customary, 50.
W.
wanderly, wonderfully, 275.
wardons, wardens, cooking pears, 109.
wayt, to wait upon, to waylay, to take
in ambush, 122.
wedde, a pledge, 54, 119.
weeds, clothes, 129.
wenyng, thinking, expecting, 19, 282.
wete, to know, 22, 117.
wight, wiht, a person, 102.
withhold, to hold with, 130.
withseyn, to contradict, 29.
woodhous, a bower of greenery, 251.
woodnesse, madness, 109.
wrake, destruction, 15.
Y.
y, intensive prefix, y-bore, y-closed, &c.
yate, gate, 138.
yche, each, 23.
yeese, ease, 263.
yef, if : see yff.
yeve, to give, 24, 283 ; yaff, 33 ; yove,
47, 125 ; yoven, 30, 230.
yff, yf, if, 22.
yifftis, gifts, 32.
ynouh, enough, 35.
yode, yood, went, 249, 261.
yolden, yielded, surrendered, 10, 127,
177, 284.
yse, ice, 68.
y-take, taken,derived, in.
3-
3af, 3ef, 3olde : see yaf, yef, yolde, &c.
INDEX
In this Index the names of Mayors and Sheriffs are included only when there is
some specific reference to them in the text of the Chronicles.
Abbeville, 144.
Abingdon, 66, 97, 134.
Acton, Sir Roger, 69.
Agincourt, 70, 71, 119-23;
ballad of, 120; list of killed
at, 122, 269, 305.
A1 bany, Duke of,see Stewart.
Albret, Charles d', Con¬
stable of France, 70, 122.
Aldermen, see London.
Aldersgate, Aldrichgate,
216.
Aldgate, 132, 185, 308.
Alen5on, 137.
Alencpon (Launson), Jean I,
Duke of, 70, 122, 269.
Alencon (Launson), Jean II,
Duke of, 96, 132, 137.
Alford, a traitor, 180.
All Hallows on the Wall,
187.
Almaigne, see Germany.
Almare, Count of, see Au-
male.
Alnwick, 177, 178.
Alnwick, William, Keeper
of the Privy Seal, and
Bishop of Norwich, 88,
89, 113.
Amiens, 119, 144, 231.
Angus, Earl of, see Douglas.
Anjou, 155, 158, 275.
Anne, Duchess of Bedford,
95, 131, r35-
Anne of Bohemia, Queen of
Richard II, 16, 17.
Anne, Queen of Richard III,
191.
Antwerp, 174, 219, 220.
Ap Thomas, Sir William,
95, x3°-
Ardern, Sir John, 48.
Argentan, 270.
Armagnac, Jean, Count of,
150,155-
Armagnacs, 75, 129, 136,
142, 146,150, 155, 284.
Arques, 119.
Arragonais, see Surienne,
Sir Francois de.
Arras, 119; Council of,
137-9-
Arthur, or Artour, a squire,
268.
Arthur, Artur, bastard of
Humphrey, Duke of Glou¬
cester, 157, 314.
Arthur de Richemont, 70,
121.
Arthur, Prince of Wales,
son of Henry VII, 216, 224.
225, 234, 253, 255, 336;
ceremonies at his mar¬
riage, 234-50, 332-6.
Arundel, Thomas, Arch¬
bishop of Canterbury, 19,
20, 23, 36, 38-4°> 44, 48,
49,51-57,62.
Arundel, Earls of, see Fitz-
alan.
Arundell, Sir John, 48.
Ashley, John, 150.
Ashton, Sir John, 48.
Asteldy, follower of War-
beck, 217.
Astry, Sir Ralph, Mayor of
London, 193, 198, 200,
323 ; his widow, 257.
Astwode, Thomas, 203,
204, 228, 331.
Atherige, Edmond, 233.
Attclyff, see Hatteclyffe.
Audeley, Lord, see Tuchet.
Augustin Friars, see Austin
Friars.
Aumale, or Almare, Count
of, 75, 129, 284.
Aumarle, Duke of, see Ed¬
ward, Duke of York.
Auray (Orrey) battle of,
13, 290.
Austin Friars at London,
177, 222, 228.
Aylmer, Sir Laurence,
Mayor of London, 234,
262, 340.
Ayscough, William, Bishop
of Salisbury, 159, 162,
276.
Babraham, 232.
Babyngton, Sir William,
95, 131.
Badby, John, Lollard, 68.
Baggely, Thomas, 308.
Bagnall, Thomas, 199.
Bagot. SirWilliam,i9,5i-4.
Bailly, William, 263.
Baily, John, 161, 315.
Baker, Matthew, 202.
Baker, Richard, a Lollard,
69, 297.
Bamborough, or Branbo-
rogh, 177, 178.
Banaster, Ralph, 191, 192,
320.
Bansted Down, 214.
Bar, Edouard, Duke of, 70,
122.
Bardolf, Thomas, Lord, 64.
Barfleur (Barflete), 119, 304.
Barking, 261.
Barnet, 173, 184, 277.
Bartolde, see Orsini.
Basades, see Bazas.
Basle, Council of, 135,
*36-
Bath, bishopric of, 66;
bishops of, see Foxe,
Richard ; King, Oliver ;
Stafford, John.
Bathorp, Sir Robert, 276.
Battle Abbey, 66.
Bayeux, 71 n., 126, 307.
Baynard's Castle, 174, 180,
250, 259, 263, 316.
Bayonne, 150, 152, 163.
Bazas, 284.
Bealknap, Sir Robert, Jus¬
tice, 17.
Bealknap, or Belknap, a
squire, 140, 310.
Beauchamp, Henry, Duke
of Warwick, 156.
Beauchamp, Sir John, 17.
Beauchamp, Sir John, 284.
Beauchamp, Richard, Earl
of Warwick, 48, 53, 143,
144, 311.
Beauchamp, Sir Robert, 95,
131.
Beauchamp, Thomas, Earl
of Warwick, 16, 18, 25-
7, 49, 57-
Beauchamp, Sir Thomas,
48, 293.
INDEX
351
Beauchamp, William, Lord
Bergavenny, 20, 60.
Beaufort, Edmund I, Earl
of Mortain, Earl and
Marquis of Dorset, and
afterwards Duke of
Somerset, 74, 127, 141,
145. I56> i62~5> 276>
3".
Beaufort, Edmund II, Duke
of Somerset, 277.
Beaufort, Henry, Cardinal,
and Bishop of Winchester,
74, 77-86, 90-6, 128,
130, i3ij I3S> z39> *46)
i?3, 269, 273, 275, 283,
288, 301.
Beaufort, Henry, Duke of
Somerset, 170, 172, 175,
178, 277.
Beaufort, Joan, or Jane,
Queen of Scotland, 75,
129, 282.
Beaufort, John I, Earl of
Somerset, and sometime
Marquis of Dorset, 49,
5". 59' 75. I29» 282,
294.
Beaufort, John II, Earl and
afterwards Duke of
Somerset, 74, 127, 146,
151.
Beaufort, John III, 277.
Beaufort, Margaret, Count¬
ess of Richmond and
Derby, mother of Henry
VII, 202, 222, 248.
Beaufort, Thomas, Earl of
Dorset and Duke of Exe¬
ter, 68, 70, 88, 89, 1x9,
123, 270, 285.
Beaulieu (Bewdley), 217,
218.
Beaumont, Henry, Lord,
48.
Beaumont, John, Viscount,
157» 276.
Beaumont-sur-Oise, 136,
3°9-
Beauvais, 138, 141.
Beauvoisin, 138.
Bedford, Dukes of, see John,
and Tudor, Jasper ; Duch¬
esses of, see Anne and Jac¬
queline.
Brlknap. see Benlknap.
Belt, follower of Warbeck,
206, 207.
Bergavenny, or Bergeny,
Lords, see Beauchamp,
William; and Neville,
George.
Berkeley, Thomas, Lord,
19> 41, 54. 6o-
Bermondsey, 37, 142.
Berners, Sir James, 17.
Berners, or Barneys, Lord,
see Bourchier.
Berri, Jean, Duke of, 119
(wrongly called Barre).
Berwick, 10, 177.
Bessin, 137, 309.
Bisham Abbey, 228, 273,
33 r-
Bishopsgate, 175, 185, 187,
218, 252.
Bishopsgate Street, 225.
Bishop's Palace at St. Paul's,
London, see under St.
Paul's.
Bishopstreet, 224.
Blackfriars, London, 158,
162, 171, 216; the Ward¬
robe in, 192, 218.
Blackheath, 14, 99, 124,
152, 156, i59> j63> 187,
198, 215, 302.
Black Pool,near Dartmouth,
64, 294.
Blackwall, 185.
Blanch Appleton (Blanch
Chapilton), 259, 339.
Blanche Taque, 144.
Blois, Charles de, 13.
Blore Heath, 169, 276.
Blowet, a follower of War-
beck, 228, 331.
Blowket, or Blunket, Sir
Nicholas, 95, 131.
Blunt, Sir Thomas, 62.
Bodmin, 217.
Bohemia (Beame, &c.), 124,
306.
Bois de Vincennes, 74, 128,
272.
Bonhomes, an order of
French friars, 67, 297.
Bonville, William, Lord,
151, 165, 174, 277.
Bonville, William III, Lord
Harryngton, 277.
Bordeaux, 150-2, 163.
Bordelais, 284.
Borough, Sir Edward of,
202.
Bosworth, 193.
Botaller, Sir William, 48.
Botreaux, WTilliam, Lord,
88.
Botyll, Sir Robert, Prior of
St. John's, 164 n.
Botyller, see Butler.
Botyller, Sir Ralph, 82.
Boucicault, Jean, 70, 269.
Boughton, Johan, or Joan,
Lollard, 200, 323.
Boulogne, 152.
Bourbon, Bastard 0^71,270.
Bourbon, Charles, Duke of,
132.
Bourbon, Jean, Duke of,
70, 121.
Bourchier, Henry I, Lord
Bourchier, and Earl of Eu,
148, 150.
Bourchier, Henry II, Earl of
Essex, 201, 202, 251-3,
335-
Bourchier, Sir Humphrey,
wrongly called Lord Bar¬
neys or Berners, 184, 277.
Bourchier, Thomas, Car¬
dinal, Bishop of Worces¬
ter and Ely, Archbishop
of Canterbury, 163, 174,
181, 190.
Bourchier, William, Earl of
Eu, 121.
Bourg-sur-mer, in Guienne,
284.
Bourgh, Huberd, 221.
Bow Church, 156; Bow
Bell, 166, 316.
Brabant, 16.
Brabant, Anthony, Duke of,
70, 122.
Brackenbury, Sir Robert,
193, 278.
Bradbury, Thomas, Mayor
of London, 224, 262, 340.
Brampton, Sir Edward, 220.
Branborough, see Bambor-
ough.
Brandon, Charles, Duke of
Suffolk, 263.
Brandon, Sir Thomas, 249.
Bray, Sir Reginald, 209,
212, 216.
Braybroke, Robert, Bishop
of London, 49.
Breknok,191.
Brembre, Sir Nicholas,
Mayor of London, 14-6.
Brent Heath, 163.
Breten, Thomas, Alderman,
192, 193, 321.
Bretons, 63, 64, 146, 294.
Brice, Henry, Sheriff, 179.
Bridge Street, 149.
Brieg (Bry), Louis, Duke
of, 124, 306.
Bristol, 19, 63, 66, 169,
176, 224, 258, 267, 316,
317. 328, 329. 337.
Brittany, 13, 68, 152, 177,
194.
352
INDEX
Brittany, John, Duke of, 56,
272.
Brokeys, Sir Bernard, 63.
Browne, Sir George, 192,
278.
Browne, Sir John, Mayor of
London,186,188,222,327.
Browne, William, Mayor of
London, 196, 262, 327.
Briinn (Broune), 124, 306.
Bruton Abbey, 66.
Bryak, 68.
Bryan, John,Sheriff, 72,297.
Biynchesle, Sir William, 48.
Buchan, Earl of, see Stewart,
John.
Buckingham, Dukes of, see
Stafford.
Bukton, Piers of, 53.
Bull, William, 206.
Bull Inn in Bishopsgate,
225, 331*
Bulley, Robert, 199, 323.
Bullinbroke, Roger, 148,
T49> I54> 155-
Burbache, John, 20.
Burgh (Burh), William,
Justice, 17.
Burgundy, Dukes of, see
John, Philip; Duchess
of, see Margaret.
Burgundy, Bastard of, 179.
Buriell, Sir Lewis de, 158.
Burley, or Beverle, Sir
Simon, 17, 18.
Burnell, Hugh, 19.
Burton Abbey, 66.
Bury St. Edmunds, 66, ik7,
276, 3T3-
Busshy, Sir John, 19, 53.
Butler, James IV, Earl of
Ormond, 95, 130, 156.
Butler, James V, Earl of
Wiltshire, and Ormond,
95, 130, 148,150,172,175,
277.
Butler, ^rBotyller, Sir John,
afterwards Earl of Or¬
mond, 95, 130.
Butler, John, serjeant-at-
law, 208.
Byfeld, Robert, Sheriff, 188.
Byland Abbey, 66.
Cabot, John, 224, 327-30.
Cabot, Sebastian, 328, 337,
338-
Cade, Jack, 159-62, 276,
3*4) 3i5-
Caen, 71, 126,137,270, 309.
Calais, siege of, by Edward
III, 11; Thomas of Glou¬
cester at, 18, 26, 52, 54,
55, 64, 267 ; Beaufort
made Cardinal at, 95, 96,
I3I > Sigismund at, 124,
306 ; Conference at, 125,
270 ; mutiny at, 135, 275 ;
besieged by Philip of
Burgundy, 141, 142, 310;
siege of, in I445, 156;
Yorkists at, 169-71 ;
Henry VII at, 229-31,
332 ; captains of, 165,
191, 195, 279; treasurer
of, 203; mentioned, 70,
73- 96, 97. 127, 133, 134,
139. 146-7, J69,186, 197,
209, 212, 306.
Cambridge, 149, 275.
Cambridge, Earls of, see
Edmund, Richard.
Camell, John, a swindler,
211.
Camfere, Earl of, 208, 325.
Camoys, Roger, called Lord,
I41, x45' 3IO> 312-
Camoys, Thomas, Lord, 48,
3IQ-
Candlewick Street, 221,
327-
Canterbury, 15,65,68, 124,
143, 151, 162, 176, 177,
222, 231, 232, 268, 273,
275-
Canterbury, Archbishops of,
see Arundel,Thomas; Bour-
chier, Thomas; Chichele,
Henry; Deane, Henry ;
Kempe, John; Morton,
John; Stafford, John;
Sudbury, Simon; Warham,
William.
Canterbury, Prior of, 19.
Capell, or Capall, Sir Wil¬
liam, Mayor of London,
*95, 205, 260, 262, 263,
324-
Capistrano, Fra, 167, 316.
Carbonell, Sir Richard, 95,
13°.
Carlisle, 66 ; Bishop of, see
Lumley, Marmaduke.
Carmelites, or Whitefriars,
at London, 65.
Cary, John, Justice, 17.
Castelmoron, 284.
Castel-en-Dorthe, 284.
Castillion, 163.
Catesby, William, 278.
Catherine of Aragon, 216,
229, 234, 249, 250, 253;
ceremonies at her recep¬
tion, 234-50, 332-6.
Catherine of Valois, Queen
of Henry V, 73, 74, I27>
128, 142, 163, 279, 281,
285,311. '
Caux, 139, 14°, I43> 3°4>
310.
Cely, Sir Benet, 62.
Chalons, a squire, 158.
Chalons, Sir Robert, 48,293.
Chamber, John a, 194, 321.
Chamberlain, the Lord, see
Daubeney, Giles.
Chamberleyn, Sir Roger,
I57-
Chamberleyn, Sir William,
146.
Chambrois, 141.
Chambyrlen, Sir Robert,
!95-
Champagne, 73, 127.
Charles VI, King of France,
74, 117-9, 123, 125, 128,
Charles VII, King of
France, 72, 75, 96, 129,
x33, 176, 283.
Charles VIII, King of
France, 197, 205, 221, 223.
Charles, son of Archduke
Philip, afterwards Em¬
peror, 231.
Charleton, Sir Edward,
Lord of Powys, 268, 270.
Charterhouses, 67.
Chastel (Castell), William
du, 63, 64, 294.
Chawry, Richard, Mayor of
London, 189, 201.
Cheapside, 223, 224, 276.
Chef de Caux (Kedekaws),
70.
Chelmsford, 207.
Chepe, 108, 149, 155, 156,
161, 185, 221, 224, 244,
246, 252, 257, 259, 260,
285, 302, 303, 334.
Chepe Cross, 246, 269, 302.
Cherbourg, 126, 145.
Chertsey, 185.
Cheshire, 25, 27, 62, 76,
130, 169, 276.
Chester, 169 ; bishopric of,
66.
Chester, Richard, Sheriff,
x92, 193, 321.
Cheyne, Sir John, 18, 50,
291.
Cheyne, Sir William, 95,
131.
Chichele, Henry, Arch¬
bishop of Canterbury, 74,
88, 89, 113, 128,151,274.
INDEX
353
Chichester, bishopric of,
66 ; bishops of,see Moleyns,
Adam ; Pecock, Reginald;
Polton, Thomas.
Chiltern Langley, 53.
Christchurch, Aldgate, 199-
20I> 2°3> 323-
Chydeok, Sir John, 95, 130.
Cicely, Duchess of York,
170, 174, 204, 205.
Cinque Ports, the, 49, 147.
Cirencester, 62, 66.
Clapham, John, servant of
the Earl of Warwick, 181.
Clare, Richard de, Earl of
Gloucester, 5.
Clarence, Duchess of, see
Holland, Margaret.
Clarence, Dukes of, see
George, Thomas.
Clarendon, 163.
Clarendon, Sir Roger, 63.
Claydon, John, a Lollard,
69.
Clerkenwell, Priory of St.
John at, 66; see also St.
John's.
Cleykyn, see Du Guesclin.
Clifford, John, Lord, 165,
i75, 277-
Clifford, Sir Richard, 48.
Clifford, Richard, Bishop of
London, 272.
Clifford, Sir Robert, 203,
324-
Clifford,SirRoger, 192, 278.
Clifford, Thomas, Lord, 276.
Clifford, Sir William, 123,
3°6.
Clifford, —, a squire, 192.
Clifton, Sir John, 151.
Clinton, John, Lord, 88,
148.
Clopton, Robert, Mayor of
London, 139, 149, 154.
Clopton, Sir Walter, Chief
Justice, 57, 294.
Clyderowe, Margaret, a
bawd, 225.
Clye, Ric., porter of New¬
gate, 134.
Cobham, Eleanor, Duchess
of Gloucester, 148, 149,
154, 3i3- T a o
Cobham, John, Lord, 18,
26.
Cobham, Lord, see also
Oldcastle, Sir John.
Cobham, Sir Reginald, 95,
130.
Coggeshall Abbey, 65.
Cogna, Peter Vacz de, 220.
KIN'GSFORD.
Coinage, 10, 12, 68, 73,
127, 179, 260, 271.
Coldharbour, the (therber),
168, 213, 316, 319.
Cole, John, forger, 133,
308.
Colet, Sir Henry, Mayor of
London, 187, 194, 207,
209, 210, 225, 321,326.
Colompne, a French sea-
captain, 174.
Colyngboume, —, executed,
278.
Colyns, Christopher, 186,
3I9-
Comets, 63, 136, 166.
Compiegne, 96, 133, 274.
Conduits, the, a fine appro¬
priated for their repair, 18S;
bequests for maintenance,
323, 340 ; the Conduit
in Cornhill, or Tun, 106,
239> 301-3. 333 ! the
Great Conduit in Chepe,
108, 200, 301-3; the
Little Conduit in Chepe,
112, 246, 301-3, 334;
the Conduit in Gracechurch
Street, 200, 323 ; the Con¬
duit in Fleet, 154, 312,313.
Coningsby, or Cunnesby,
Sir Humphrey, serjeant-
at-law, 208, 325.
Conquet, 177, 318.
Constable, or Cunstable,
Robert, serjeant-at-law,
208.
Constance, Council of, 69,
72, 126.
Constantinople, 164; Em¬
peror of, 267.
Conway, 20.
Cook, Sir Thomas, Mayor
of London, 164, 177, 179,
314, 318,319.
Corbet, a follower of War-
beck, 206.
Cork, 220, 227; mayors of,
see Lewelyn, John, and
Water, John.
Cornhill, 105,149,187, 198,
200, 221, 223, 224, 239,
252> 259, 260, 302, 333.
Cornwall, 213, 217; the
Cornish rising of 1497,
213-8. 326.
Cote, or Coot, Henry, Alder¬
man, 195, 223.
Cotentin, 145.
Counters, or Countours, the,
97> I34> »99> 262. 3oo.
Court, Inns of, or Men of
A a
Court (barristers'), 82, 133,
154. 155, 169.
Courtenav, Edward, Earl of
Devonshire, 48.
Courtenay, Edward, Earl
of Devonshire, 217.
Courtenay, John, Earl of
Devonshire, 277.
Courtenay, Thomas I, Earl
of Devonshire, 163, 165.
Courtenay, Thomas II,
Earl of Devonshire, 172,
277.
Courtenay, Sir William,
called Lord William of
Devonshire, 251, 252, 255,
335-
Coventry, 18, 37, 66, 167.
Crane in Vintry, the, 81,
234, 299-
Crane WTharf, 234, 299, 326.
Crecy, battle of, 11.
Creil-sur-Oise, 136, 308.
Cr^py, 136, 308.
Cressyner, Thomas, traitor,
203, 204.
Cripplegate, 173, 216.
Croftes, Richard, 250.
Cromwell, Ralph, Lord,
88, 90.
Crosby's Place, or Crosby
Hall, 208, 325, 327.
Crotoy, 144, 145, 283, 311.
Crowland Abbey, 66.
Crowmer, William, 160,
161, 276.
Croydon, 214.
Curson, Richard, 140.
Curson, Sir Robert, 201,
202, 233, 258, 259.
Cursum, a pursuivant, 257.
Cyprus (Siprys), Cardinal
of, 139, 310.
Dacre, Lord, 277.
Dalyngrygge, Sir Edward,
17-
Danyell, Thomas, 159.
Darell, Sir Edward, 202.
Dartford, 124.
Dartmouth, 64, 181, 294.
Daubeney, Sir Giles, 48.
Daubeney, Giles, Lord,
Chamberlain to Henry
VII, 195, 209, 213-5,
217, 279*
Daubeney, William, 203,
204.
Daventry Priory, 66.
David II, King of Scotland,
11.
Davy, John, 176, 317.
354
INDEX
Dawne, the Bastard of,
140.
Deal, 205.
Deane, Henry, Archbishop
of Canterbury, 258, 259.
De la Launde, Sir Thomas,
277.
Delves, Sir John, 277.
Dencourt, —, a knight, 48.
Denham, or Dynham, Sir
John, Treasurer under
Henry VII, 170, 171, 209,
233-
Dene, or Denia, Alfonso,
Count of, 14, 15, 291.
Dene, Harry, 134, 300.
Deptford, 147.
Derby, Earls of, see Henry
IV, and Stanley ; Countess
of, see Beaufort, Margaret.
Desmond, Earl of, see Fitz¬
gerald.
Despenser, Henry, Bishop
of Norwich, 16.
Despenser, Thomas, Lord,
sometime Earl of Glouces¬
ter, 41, 57, 59, 63.
Devereux, Walter, Lord
Ferrers of Chartley, 278.
Devonshire, 170, 181, 217.
Devonshire, Earls of, see
Courtenay ; and Stafford,
Humphrey.
Deynte, Agnes, 187.
Deynys, Robert, 188.
Dieppe, 119, 139, 150, 152,
310.
Digby, or Dygby, Sir John,
Marshal of the Tower, 204,
227, 331*
Dixmude, in Flanders, 195,
279, 322.
Dominicans, Friars^rFriars
Preachers, 2, 268.
Dordogne, river, 124, 284.
Dorset, Earls and Marquises
of, see Beaufort, and Grey.
Douglas, Archibald, Earl
of, 75, 129, 284.
Douglas, Archibald, Earl
of Angus, 263, 341.
Dover, 73, 124, 127, 142,
159, 186, 197, 229, 276;
priory, 66.
Draper, Richard, 206, 324.
Drapers' Company, 193,
*94. 257, 322.
Drapers' Hall, 189, 320.
Drayton, Sir John, 60.
Drury, Sir William, 95,
130.
Dublin (Develyn), 19, 220.
Dublin, Marquis of, see
Vere, Robert de.
Du Guesclin, Bertrand, 13,
14.
Dunbar, William, the poet,
253, 336.
Dunstanborough, 178.
Duras, in Guienne, 284.
Durham, n, 66, 175.
Durham, bishops of, see
Foxe, Richard ; Langley,
Thomas; Neville, Robert;
Skirlawe, Walter.
Durward, or Doreward, Wil¬
liam, Speaker, 50, 59,
293-
Dymoke, or Dymmok, Sir
Thomas (1399), 48, 49,
293.
Dymoke, or Dymmok, Sir
Thomas (1470), 181, 277.
Dynham, see Denham.
Earthquakes, 11, 16.
Eastchepe, 268, 341.
Easterlings, the, 99, 147,
180.
Edgcote, 277.
Edgware, 233.
Edinburgh, 7.
Edmund of Langley, Duke
of York and Earl of Cam¬
bridge, 38, 266.
Edmund, Earl of Rutland,
170, 172, 277.
Edmund Tudor, son of
Henry VII, 225, 231, 232.
Edward I, King of England,
6-8.
Edward II, King of Eng¬
land, 8, 9, 209.
Edward III, King of Eng¬
land, 9-15, 26, 265, 266.
Edward IV, King of Eng¬
land, Earl of March, 163;
with Warwick at Calais
in 1459, 170 ; at battle of
Northampton, 171 ; de¬
feats Pembroke at Morti¬
mer's Cross, 172, 277;
comes to London, 173;
elected king, 174, 277;
victorious at Towton, 175;
coronation, 176 ; punishes
John Davy, id. ; makes a
progress through south of
England, id., 317; visits
Canterbury, 177; ill with
measles, 178; takes Bam-
borough and Dunstan¬
borough, id. ; marries Eli¬
zabeth Woodville, 179;
meets Clarence at Baynard's
Castle, 180; suppresses
rising in Lincoln, 181;
flees from England, id.;
lands at Ravenspur, 183 ;
victorious at Barnet and
Tewkesbury, 184; re-enters
London, 185 ; expedition
to France, 186; his favour
for William Haryot, 189,
320; death and burial, 189,
278 ; mentioned, 194, 203,
205.
Edward V, King of Eng¬
land, 183, 189-91, 278.
Edward, the Black Prince,
10, 12, 14, 15, 266.
Edward, Duke of York,
previously Earl of Rutland
and Duke of Aumarle, 37,
49; charges against him
in Parliament of 1399, 52_
5» 57 > 59) 60; serves in
France in 1412, 68; at
Agincourt, 70, 71, 120.
Edward, Prince of Wales,
son of Henry VI, birth,
163; killed at Tewkes¬
bury, 184, 277 ; references
to 173-5. i83-
Edward, Earl of Warwick,
220, 227, 228.
Edwardes, a traitor, 221.
Egremont, Lord, see Percy,
Thomas.
Elizabeth Woodville, Queen
of Edward IV, 179, 182,
190.
Elizabeth, Queen of Henry
VII, birth, 179 ; marriage,
194; death and burial,
258, 259, 339 ; mentioned,
190, 200, 202, 203, 208,
212, 213, 218, 222, 229,
245, 248, 250, 253, 321.
Eltham, 77, 123, 145, 207.
Ely, 66.
Ely, bishops of, see
Bourchier, Thomas ; Grey,
William; Luxembourg,
Louis de; Morgan, Philip;
Morton, John.
Ely Inn, Holborn, 125, 207,
270.
Erpingham, Sir Thomas,
20, 41, 121, 294.
Essex, 59, 62, 143, 160,
207, 267.
Essex, Earl of, see Bour¬
chier, Henry.
Estfeld, Sir William, Mayor
of London, 74, 96, 128,
INDEX
355
*33, 143, 275> 3OI>
312, 313.
Estouteville (Touteville),
Charles d', 117, 118, 304.
Eu, 119.
Eu, Charles, Count of, 70,
121.
Eu, Earls of, see Bourchier,
Henry and William.
Evesham Abbey, 66.
Exeter, 66, 192, 213, 217,
219.
Exeter, bishops of, see
Neville, George; Stafford,
Edmund.
Exeter, Dukes of, see Beau¬
fort, Thomas; Holland,
Henry and John.
Eye, the Witch of, see Jurde-
mayne.
Eynsham Abbey, 66.
Fabyan, Robert, Alderman
of London and Chronicler,
198 ; notice of, xxvi, xxvii;
his use of Chronicles of
London, xxxi, xxxii; his
Manuscript Continuation,
xxvii-xxxi, 323, 325, 329,
33°> 338; his Chronicle
cited, 295, 301, 313-24,
326, 339-
Falaise, 126, 270.
Falconbridge, see Fawcon-
bridge.
Farnham, 154, 213.
Faro, Kateryn de, 219.
Faro, Peter, 219.
Fastolf, Sir John, 132,137,
3°7-
Fawconbridge, or Faucon-
berg, Lord, see Neville,
William.
Fawconbridge, or Falcon-
berg, Thomas, Bastard of,
185.
Fecamp (ffescompe, ffes-
cham), 119, 139, 141.
Felow, John, 170.
Fenkyll, Sir John, 194, 226,
331-
Ferdinand, King of Spain,
197, 216, 234.
Ferrers of C hartley, Lord,
sec Devereux.
Ferrers of Groby, John,
Lord, 88.
Feryby, William, notary, 20.
Feryby, William, a clerk,
63-
Fiennes, James, first Lord
Saye, 159-61, 276.
Fiennes, William, second
Lord Saye, 277.
Fishmongers'Company, 194.
Fitzalan, John VI, Earl of
Arundel, styled Lord Mal-
travers, 95, 130 ; fighting
in France, 136-8, 308,
309; his son, 275.
Fitzalan, Richard III, Earl
of Arundel, 16, 18, 25-7,
55-
Fitzalan, Thomas, Earl of
Arundel, 48, 53, 78, 92.
Fitzgerald,. Gerald, Earl of
Kildare, 200, 221, 325.
Fitzgerald, Maurice, Earl of
Desmond, 221.
FitzHugh, Henry, Lord.
181.
FitzHugh, Robert, Bishop
of London, 88.
FitzWalter, Walter, Lord,
54; 55> 59, 60.
FitzWalter, John Ratcliffe,
Lord, see Ratcliffe, John.
Flam, Peter, 219.
Flammok, or Flamank,
leader in the Cornish re¬
bellion, 215, 216.
Flanders, expedition of
Henry Despenser to, 16 ;
invaded by English in
1436, 142 ; and in 1489,
I95> 279; commercial re¬
lations with, 193, 200, 321,
326, 337; see also 11, 71,
122, 146, 147, 171, 203,
221, 27S ; massacre of
Flemings at London in
1381, 15 ; murder of a
Flemish trader, 147, 153.
Fleet Street, 149, 154, 155,
169, 224, 232, 234; Fleet
prison, 160, 182 ; Conduit
in Fleet Street, 154, 312,
313; Fleet Ditch, 25S,
338.
Florentines in London, 98,
226.
Flower, William, 195.
Fontanes, Sir Reynold de,
14°, 310.
Fortescue, Sir John, Chief
Justice, 151.
Fotheringhay, 207.
Fougeres, 158, 314.
Fountains Abbey, 66.
Foxe, Richard, Bishop of
Durham, and afterwards
of Winchester, 216, 256,
332.
France, wars of Edward III
in, 12, 13; expedition to
in 1412, 68; wars of
Henry V in, 70, 71, 73,
74,117-23, 126-8; wars
in under Henry VI, 75,
96, 129, 130, 132-46,
150-2, 158, 163, 284-
6; expedition of Edward
IV to, 186 ; relations of
Henry VII with, 195, 197,
231. See also 53, 56, 59,
6l> 97-9) 233-
France, kings of, see Charles
VI, VII, and VIII, John,
Louis XI, and XII.
Franciscans, or Greyfriars,
3) 63, 255.
Fraunceys, a yeoman, 54.
Fraunceys, Sir Richard, 48.
Friday Street, 224.
Friesland, 147.
Frion, Stephen, 221.
Frowyk, Sir Thomas, ser¬
jeant-at-law, 208, 325.
Fulford, Sir Thomas, 277.
Fulthorpe, Robert, 17.
Fumel, in Guienne, 284.
Furness Fells, 278.
Fynche, a citizen, charged
with treason, 227, 228.
Fyneux, Sir John, Chief
Justice, 207, 209, 227, 228,
325-
Fynkell, Jenyn, 170.
Gam, David, 71, 269.
Gamelyn, John, 208.
Gara, Nicholas de, 306, 307.
Gascoigne, Sir William,
57, 341-
Gascony, 145, 150, 163,
266. See also Guienne.
Gate, Sir Geoffrey, 181,182.
Gatinois, 136.
Gaucourt, Raoul de, 11S,
3°4-
Geerstes House, 161, 315.
Geffrey, William, haber¬
dasher ofLondon, 245.
Genoese, fleet in Channel,
71, 297; merchants in
London, 98, 226; capture
Sturmyn's ship in Mediter¬
ranean, 169, 316.
Gensac, in Guienne, 284.
Genyn, a French captain,
207, 324,325-
George, Duke of Clarence,
174, 176, 180-2, 184,
1S8, 220, 278.
Gerard, Thomas, 143, 311.
Gerberoy, 137, 138, 309.
A a a
356
INDEX
Germany (Almaigne), 61;
Germans (Dutch), in Lon¬
don, 147, 153, 181. See
also Easterlings.
Ghent, 75, 129.
Gironde, 284.
Gisburn Priory, 66.
Gisors, 141, 310.
Glastonbury, Abbot of, 41;
abbey, 66 n.
Glendower, Owen, 63, 267.
Gloucester, 9, 66, 265, 266.
Gloucester, a squire, 268.
Gloucester, Abbot of, 159.
Gloucester, Dukes of, see
Humphrey, Richard III,
Thomas ; Duchesses of, see
Cobhain, Eleanor, a7id
Jacqueline of Bavaria;
Earls of, see Clare, Rich¬
ard de, and Despenser,
Thomas.
Glover, Hugh, a Lollard,
208.
Goldsmiths' Company of
London, 194.
Goose, John, a Lollard, 186,
319-
Gough, Sir Matthew, 161.
Grace Abbey, 66, 297.
Gracechurch Street, 149,
200, 214, 236, 312, 323,
333-
Grame, Robert, 142.
Granada, 197, 322.
Grandpre, or Grauntpre,
Count of, 122, 305.
Granville, in Normandy,
151-
Grasle. Sir John, 48.
Gravelines (Gravenyng),
270.
Gravesend, 15.
Gray, see also Grey.
Gray, Sir Richard, 95, 130.
Gray of Heton, Sir Thomas,
20, 41, 70, 297.
Gregory, Robert, 188.
Gregory, William, Mayor
of London, 142, 163, 311;
his Chronicle, xi-xiii,xxiii.
Greenwich, 159, 166, 177,
197,203,206, 212, 225, 256.
Grene, Sir Henry, 53.
Grene, Sir John, 19.
Greneleff, a land Rover,
257-
Grey, see also Gray.
Grey of Tankerville, Sir
Henry, 95, 130.
Grey, Sir John, Earl of
Tankerville, 271.
Grey of Wilton, John, Lord,
212.
GreyofGroby,Sir John, 179.
Grey of Werke, Sir Ralph,
95, 130-
Grey, Sir Ralph, 178, 277.
Grey, Lord Richard, 190,
278.
Grey, Richard, Sheriff, 263.
Grey, Thomas, first Marquis
of Dorset, 189, 190.
Grey, Thomas, second Mar¬
quis of Dorset, 251, 252.
Grey of Rougemont, Tho¬
mas, Lord, 277.
Grey, William, Bishop of
Lincoln, 113.
Grey, William, Bishop of
Ely, 182, 319.
Greyfriars at London, 145,
2 33-
Grimsby, 66.
Grocers' Company of Lon¬
don, 193, 194, 257, 301.
Gruthus, or Gruthuyse, Sire
de, 231.
Guernsey, 170, 298.
Guienne, 123, 150, 155,
163,283,284,342. See also
Gascony.
Guildford, 214.
Guildhall, the, 148, 149,
154, '55, !6O, 161, 179,
190, 197-200, 203-5,
209, 227, 228, 256;
mayor's feast first held
there, 234,337; new work
at, 257.
Guines, 170, 186, 212, 257,
3i9-
Guns, use of, 132, 138, 141,
142, 144, 185, 195, 279.
Gurney, Sir Matthew, 60,
294.
Gybthorp, a knight, 48.
Gyles, Sir Benet, see Cely.
Hackney, Richard, and
Alice his wife, 209, 325.
Haddon,Sir Richard, Mayor
of London, 211, 215, 226,
261, 326.
Hainault (Henawde), 70,
75, 79, 129, 298.
Hales Abbey, 66.
Hales, Sir Robert, Prior of
St. John's, 15.
Hall, Edward, historian, his
debt to Chronicles of Lon¬
don, xxxiii; cited, 299,
309-11. 313, 3i8> 322,
324: 327. 33°, 33i, 342-
Halle, John, 53-5.
Hankford, William, Chiet
Justice, 48.
Hanson, a citizen of Hull,
172.
Hardowe, John, 172.
Harfleur, 70, 117-9, 123,
125, 139, *45, 297> 3°4>
306-7, 312.
Harlech Castle, 179, 318.
Harrington, or Haryngton,
Sir Richard, 137.
Harryngton, Lord, see Bon-
ville, William.
Haryot, William, Mayor of
London, 180, 189, 320.
Hase von Waldecke, Wil¬
liam, 124, 306.
Hastings, Sir Edward, 48.
Hastings, Sir Ralph, 218.
Hastings, William, Lord,
182, 184, 190, 278.
Hatfield, 231.
Hatteclyffe, or Attclyff,
William, 174, 317.
Havering-at-Bower, 143.
Hawle, Robert, 15, 291.
Hawte, Sir Richard, 190.
Hayford, see Heyford.
Hegham, Richard, Serjeant-
at-law, 208.
Henley, 214.
Henry III, King of England,
3-6, 43, 265.
Henry IV, Kingof England,
Earl of Derby, 16; Duke
of Hereford, exiled, 18,
29 ; enmity of Richard II,
for, 52,53; lands at Raven-
spur, 19 ; interview with
Richard II, 20; receives
Richard's ring, 23 ; claims
the crown, 43 ; speech on
accepting the crown, 46 ;
coronation, 46-50; ap¬
points new officers, 47 ;
makes new knights, 48;
action in Parliament of
1399. 5°> 54' 56, 60, 62 ;
marries Joanna of Navarre,
63 ; scheme for his deposi¬
tion on account of ill-
health, 78, 92, 299 ; death
and burial, 68, 268.
Henry V, King of England,
born at Monmouth, 267;
at coronation of Henry IV,
49; created Prince of
Wales, 51 ; not to go out
of the realm, 58 ; wounded
at Shrewsbury, 63; at¬
tempt on his life at West-
INDEX
357
minster, 78, 92, 299; al¬
leged plot to displace his
father, 78, 92, 299 ; crown¬
ed, 69 ; suppresses Lollard
rising, id., 268; buries
Richard II, 268 ; first in¬
vasion of France, 70, 268 ;
speech to his army before
Harfleur, 117; receives
surrender of Harfleur, 118;
at Agincourt, 119, 120;
enters London in triumph,
269; keepiChristmas 1415
at Elthain, 123; receives
Emperor Sigismund, 71,
124-6, 270, 307; nego¬
tiations with Sigismund,
I25> 3°7 ! second invasion
of France, 71, 126, 270,
271 ; marries Catherine of
Valois, 73, 127; visits
England, id.; death, 74,
128, 272 ; burial, 75, 272.
Henry VI, Kingof England,
born at Windsor, 74, 128 ;
as a child refuses to travel
on Sunday, 279; taken to
St. Paul's, 285 ; present at
Parliaments of 1423 and
1425, 280, 285; Humphrey
of Gloucester's plot to re¬
move him from Eltham,
77 ; knighted by John of
Bedford, 94, 130; crowned
at Westminster, 96, 133,
273, 274 ; goes to France,
96, 133; crowned at Paris,
97 j !34> 301 ! his reception
at London, 97-116, 134,
301-3; proposed mar¬
riage with daughter of
Count of Armagnac, 150,
155; marriage with Mar¬
garet of Anjou, 155, 156;
action during Cade's re¬
bellion, 159, 161 ; pro¬
gress through Kent, Sussex
and West country in 1450,
162 ; goes again to Kent,
id. ; rides through London,
163 ; illness, id.; at first
battle of St. Albans, 165;
at London in 1458, 168 ;
taken prisoner at North¬
ampton and brought to
London, 171; made to
take arms against the
Queen, 172; regains liberty
at second battle of St. Al¬
bans, 173; with Queen in
the north, 174; flies to
Scotland, 175 ; his bycoket
taken, 178, 318; Clarence
and Warwick make procla¬
mations in his name, 181 ;
released from prison and
restored to the throne,
182 ; attempts to raise the
City against Edward IV,
184 ; taken to Barnet, id.;
death and burial, 185.
Henry VII, King of Eng¬
land, defeats Richard
III at Bosworth, and enters
London, 193, 278, 321;
crowned, 193 ; marries
Elizabeth of York, 194;
victory at Stoke, id., 278,
32x ; relations with Brit¬
tany, 194, 322; goes to
Calais and makes treaty
with French king, 197 ;
his Twelfth Day feast in
1494, 200, 323; Warbeck's
supporters brought before
him at Fotheringhay, 207;
at Serjeants' feast, 208;
receives a cap of mainten¬
ance from the pope, 211,
261, 326 ; keeps Christmas
of 1496 at Greenwich,
212; leaves Sheen to
meet Cornish rebels, 213 ;
at Henley, 214; received
in London and knights the
mayor and sheriffs, 215;
receives submission of
NVarbeck at Taunton, 218 ;
returns from Exeter to
Westminster and is re¬
ceived by the mayor, 219 ;
his palace at Sheen burnt,
222 ; converts a heretic at
Canterbury, id., 327 ;
assists Cabot, 224, 328-
30; goes to Calais, and
writes to mayor reporting
his negotiations with Philip
of Burgundy, 229-31,
332; renames Sheen Rich¬
mond, 233, 332 ; witnesses
entry of Catherine of Ara-
g°n, 245, 333 ; present
secretly at her wedding,
248, 334 ; lodged at Bay-
nard's Castle and attends
service at St. Paul's, 250;
goes with Court to Rich¬
mond, 253; begins to
build a new chapel at
Westminster, 258; re¬
ceives embassy from Maxi¬
milian at Baynard's Castle,
259, 339 ; receives relic of
St. George, 260; narrow
escape from accident at
Richmond, 261, 340; re¬
leases debtors, 261 ; has
Sir W. Capell prosecuted,
262, 324; dies at Rich¬
mond, 262.
Henry VIII, King of Eng¬
land, comes to London
when four years old, 201 ;
jousts in honour of his
creation as Duke of York,
201-3, 324; with his
mother at theColdharbour,
213 ; at Sheen, 222 ; pro¬
posed marriage with
daughter of Philip of
Burgundy, 231 ; escorts
Catherine of Aragon at
her wedding, 249, 334;
notices of his first and
eighth years, 262, 263.
Henry, Duke of Lancaster,
13-
Herbard, servant of Hum¬
phrey of Gloucester, 157.
Herbert, Sir Richard, 277.
Herbert, William, Earl of
Pembroke, 277.
Herbotell, William, a law¬
yer, 154, i55.
Hereford, 66 ; Bishop of,
see Trefnant, John.
Herte, John, Under-cham-
berlain of London, 201.
Hertford, 149, 281.
Heth, John, traitor, 199.
Hexham, 178, 277.
Heyford, or Hayford, Hum¬
phrey, Mayor of London,
179, 187, 320.
Heyron, John, supporter of
Warbeck, 217, 218.
Heysant, Roger, 161.
Hill, Richard, Bishop ol
London, 199-201, 206,
208, 323.
Hill, or Hyll, Sir Thomas,
Mayor of London, 186,
192, 193, 321, 323; his
widow, 257.
Hogue, La (Hogges), 68.
Holand, James, traitor,
257-
Holand, Raulyn, or Rauff,
Sheriff of London, 133,
T54> 155» 313-
Holborn, 125, 207.
Holborn Bridge, 258.
Holborne, Robert, a traitor,
203, 204.
Holinshed, Raphael, the
358
INDEX
historian, use of Chroni¬
cles of London by, xxxiv ;
cited, 292, 293, 294, 306.
Holland, Duchess of, see
Jacqueline.
Holland, Duke of, see Wil¬
liam.
Holland, Edmund, Earl of
Kent, 68.
Holland, Henry, Duke of
Exeter, 164, 170-2, 180,
1S3, 184, 186, 277, 319.
Holland, John I, Earl of
Huntingdon, and some¬
time Duke of Exeter, 37,
49. 53, 54. 57, 59. 62,
267.
Holland, John II, Earl of
Huntingdon and afterwards
Duke of Exeter, 71, 74,
120, 127, 136, 139, 145,
I51, 312.
Holland, Margaret, Duch¬
ess of Clarence, 75, 129,
282.
Holland, Thomas, Earl of
Kent and sometime Duke
of Surrey, 37, 49, 55, 57,
59, 60, 62.
Holt Castle, 204.
Holte, John, Justice, 17.
Honfleur (Humflewe), 119,
141, 144, 146, 304.
Hoo, Sir Thomas, 140.
Horn, Robert, Alderman,
157, 160.
Hornsey(Harnsy), 190, 321.
Howard, John, first Duke
of Norfolk, 181, 191, 193,
278.
Howard, Thomas, Earl of
Surrey, afterwards second
Duke of Norfolk, 193, 194.
Iluderd, William, a fraudu¬
lent baker, 187.
Hum, or Horn, John, 149,
T55-
Humphrey of Gloucester,
son of Thomas of Wood¬
stock, 53.
Humphrey, Duke of Glou¬
cester, son of Henry IV,
48, 75-86, 89-91, 94, 97,
120, 124, 126, 129, 130,
134, 142, 153, 156-8, 271,
276, 280, 282, 283, 285,
29s, 3o6, 314.
Hungary, 124, 306.
Hungerford, Sir Edmund,
95, 1 So¬
il ungerford, Robert II,
Lord, 178, 277.
Hungerford, Walter, first
Lord, 48, 88, 271, 293.
Huntingdon, 66.
Huntingdon, Earls of, see
Holland.
Hussey, Sir Thomas, 178.
Hussey, Sir William, Chief
Justice, 207.
Hyll, see Hill.
Idon, or Eden, Alexander,
162, 315.
Inglefield, Thomas, Speak¬
er, 212.
Inns of Court, 82, 273.
Ireland, Richard II, in, 17,
I9> 33, 34! threatened
rebellion in, 58, 294;
messengers sent to, by
Henry IV, 61 ; Richard of
York in, 162, 163, 170;
Perkin Warbeck in, 206,
220, 221 ; inquisition as
to Irish in England, 207,
325. See also 266, 278,
283. Duke of, see Vere,
Robert de.
Isabel of Bavaria, Queen of
France, 127.
Isabel of Valois, Queen of
England, 18.
Italy, 205, 231. See also
Florentines, Genoa, Lu-
caners, Venetians.
Iverie, Sir Rauff, 60.
Ivry, 284.
Jacqueline of Bavaria,
Duchess of Holland and
Gloucester, 74, 75, 128,
129, 288, 298, 307.
Jacqueline of Luxembourg,
Duchess of Bedford, 135,
173, 308.
James I, King of Scotland,
75,128,142,271, 281,282.
James IV, King of Scotland,
210, 255.
James V, King of Scotland,
263.
James, a rover, 218.
Janville, 132, 307.
Jenyns, Stephen, Mayor of
London,224,226,262,331.
Jervaulx Abbey, 66.
Joan d'Arc, 96, 133, 274.
Joanna of Navarre, Queen
of Henry IV, 63, 73, 143,
275, 298.
John, King of England, 1-3.
John, King of France, 12,
13, 266.
John of Gaunt, Duke of
Lancaster, 38, 54.
John, Duke of Bedford, 48,
71, 74, 76, 82, 84-9, 91,
93-5, I24> I28-3I, 135—7»
139, 141, 268, 270, 272,
280, 283, 284, 299, 310,
34i-
John the Fearless, Duke of
Burgundy, 68, 72, 75, 119,
129, 270.
John, Sir Lewis, 275.
Jonys, Matthew, a traitor,
256, 257. _
Joseph, Michael, leader of
Cornish rebels, 213-6.
Joslyn, Sir Ralph, Mayor of
London, 169,187, 314,319.
Jousts, 146, 168, 179, 202,
250-3. 322, 324, 335.
Jurdemayne, Margery, the
Witch of Eye, 149, 155,
156.
Juyn, Sir John, 95, 131.
Kailys, a shipman, 170.
Kedekaws, s^ChefdeCaux.
Keighley, Sir Richard, 71,
121.
Kempe, John, Cardinal,
and Archbishop of Canter¬
bury, previously Bishop of
Rochester and London,
and Archbishop of York,
88, 89, 113, 154,160, 164,
275-
Kendall, Sir John, Prior of
St. John's, 229, 230, 252.
Kenilworth, 66, 159.
Kennington, 192, 275, 280,
285.
Kent, 159, 162, 163, 181,
183,185,191, 192, 205-7;
Kentishmen, 161, 275.
Kent, Earls of, see Holland,
Edmund, and Thomas ;
Neville, William.
Kenyngton, John, a traitor,
199.
Keryell, Sir Thomas, 140,
144, 174, 277.
Kildare, Earl of, see Fitz¬
gerald.
Kilmainham, Prior of, 156.
King, Oliver, Bishop of
Bath, 216.
King, or Kyng, William,
282, 283, 342.
King's Langley, 38.
Kingston, 64, 163, 280.
Kyngesmyll, John, serjeant-
at-law, 208.
INDEX
359
Kneysworth, Thomas, Ma¬
yor of London, 207, 261,
34°-
Knoll, in Kent, 232.
Knolles, Sir Robert, 64,
267.
La Guerche (Allegerache),
'45-
La Hire, Etienne de Vi-
gnolles called, 138, 140,
H1, 3°8> 3IQ-
La Hire, Geoffrey, 140.
La Hire, Madoc, or Ama-
doo de Vignolles, 136,
308, 309.
Lambeth, 124, 125, 175,
206, 214, 219, 234, 260.
Lancashire, 76, 130, 276.
Lancaster, Earl of, see
Thomas; Dukes of, see
Henry IV, Henry, John
of Gaunt.
Langdon, John, Bishop of
Rochester, 88, 113, 136.
Langeford, Sir Rauffe, 95,
130.
Langley, Dominican Priory
at, 203, 324.
Langley, Thomas, Bishop
of Durham, and Chancel¬
lor, 88, 89, 113.
Langstrother, Sir John,
PriorofSt. John's, 181,277.
Langton, Thomas, Bishop
of Winchester, 233.
Latimer, —, a knight, 48.
Latimer, Lord, see Neville,
George.
Launde, Prior of, 63.
Lavenac in Guienne, 284.
Leadenhall, 149, 160, 222,
239-
Leeds, in Kent, 126.
Leicester, 66, 76, 94, 130,
!58> 193, 273> 278.
Le Mans, 76, 130, 286.
Lenton Priory, 66.
Lessy, —, a traitor, 204.
Lewelyn, John, Mayor of
Cork, 220.
Lewes Priory, 66.
Leyre, river, 74, 127.
Lezarde, river, 304.
Lichfield, 52, 54.
Lillebonne, 140.
Lincoln, bishop of, see
Grey, William.
Lincoln, Earl of, see Pole,
John de la.
Lincolnshire, 180, 181, 277.
Lisbon, 220.
Lisle, Viscount, see Talbot,
John.
Lithuania, or Lettovve, 124,
306.
Lokton, John, judge, 17.
Lollards, 63, 65, 68-70, 72,
I28, 134. 135J 208, 211,
222, 226, 229, 232, 261.
Lombards in London, 166.
Lombard Street, 70.
London:—
Civic History. Called New
Troy, 115, 254, 303; and
the King's Chamber, 99,
114, 268 ; the first mayor,
2; mayor superseded by
wardens, 7, 14, 17 ; fran¬
chises confirmed byEdward
IV, 175 ; and by Henry
VII on payment of 5,000
marks, 260, 339; weirs
in Thames destroyed as
contrary to civic privi¬
leges, 64, 294. Disturb¬
ances in the city: a debate
amongst the crafts, 14;
an affray with the king's
sons, 268, 341 ; disputes
with the men of Court,
154, 155, 169 ; a dispute
at a wrestling at Clerken-
well, 164 riot against
Lombards, 166, 316; riot
at the Steelyard by Mer¬
cers apprentices, 198, 322.
Legislation: on sale of fish,
62 ; against sale of food
on Sundays, 156 ; on cook-
shops, 268 ; on keeping of
bridge, 267 ; on orphans,
196, 322 ; on foreign mer¬
chants, 146, 153; on for¬
eign brokers, 225, 331.
Punishment of crimes, &c.:
fraudulent trading, 187,
208, 233, 234, 257; im¬
morality, 146, 200, 205 ;
other crimes, 210, 257.
Murders, 132, 147, 152.
Loans and assessments,
186, 188,193-5, 212, 213,
223, 322. Repairs of walls
and ditches, 187, 188.
Fires in the City, 260-2.
Plague, 12, 188, 232;
sweating-sickness, 193.
Praise of City by Lydgate,
115; by William Dunbar,
253-
City Pageants and Stale
receptions:—
Entry of Isabel of Valois,
London (continued)
18, 267; of Henry IV,
48; of Henry V, 70;
triumph after Agincourt,
269, 301; Sigismund, 71,
124; Henry V, and Cath¬
erine of Valois, 73, 127,
301 ; Henry VI in 1423,
280 ; Henry VI on return
from France, 97-116, 134,
301, 302; Cardinal Beau¬
fort in 1428, 288 ; John of
Bedford in 1433,136; Mar¬
garet ofAnjou, 156; Henry
VI and the lords in 1450,
162 ; in 1458,168; Edward
IV, 187 ; Edward V, 190;
Richard III, 192 ; Henry
VII, 193, 197, 215 ; Eliza¬
beth of York 218; prince
Arthur, 224 ; Henry, Duke
of York (Henry VIII),
201 ; Catherine of Aragon,
234-48, 332-4; other
merry-makings, 212, 255,
260, 339.
The City and the King¬
dom :—
Wat Tyler in London, 15 ;
city supports Lancastrian
revolution, 19; supports
Humphrey of Gloucester,
in 1425, 76, 130, 298;
sends soldiers to defence
of Calais, 141, 310; Jack
Cade in London, 161, 162,
276, 314; the City and
the Wars of the Roses, 163,
168, 171-5, 182; York¬
ist sympathies of City,
173—5, 184 ; Warwick the
King-maker in London,
180 ; disturbance by Kent-
ishmen, 181 ; Bastard of
Falconbridge in the City,
185 ; the City and Edward
IV, 174, 189; the City
and Richard III, 190; the
City and 1'erkin Warbeck,
204, 206, 223; the City
and the Cornish rebellion,
214,215.
Government of the City :—
Keepers and bailiffs, 1,2;
Wardens, or Custodes, 6,
7, 8, 17-
The Mayor. Custom
at his election, 154; rule
as to re-election, 263,341 ;
rides to take his charge at
Westminster on Oct. 29,
76, 130; goes on foot in
360
INDEX
London (continued)
the year of Agincourt,
270 ; water procession in¬
stituted, 164, 315 ; pro¬
cession on horseback from
Guildhall to Crane Wharf,
234 ; his feast at Guildhall,
id., 257. Responsible for
good order in the City,
76, 130, 161, 166, 168,
182, 185, 198. Sessions
held at his charge, 187.
His Court, 200. Holds
Court of Requests, 257.
Holds Court of Orphans,
188, 196, 322. Sits on
Courts and Commissions
at Guildhall, 166, 199,
203, 204, 227, 228, 256.
Swears in brokers, 225.
Sheriff fined for insolence
to, 188. His seal, 209.
Dress worn by, 49, 98,
187, 259. Receives the
King when he visits the
City, 98, 99, 176, 190,
192, 193, 197, 214, 215,
219; and other great per¬
sonages, 136, 156, 211,
218, 224, 234, 263, 288.
Rides in coronation pro¬
cession, 48 ; attends coro¬
nation, 49, 191. Enter¬
tained by King, 189, 200 ;
present at royal ceremonies,
200, 232, 257, 259. En¬
tertains ambassadors of
Scotland at dinner, 253.
Attends services at St.
Paul's, 188, 218, 223, 249,
255. Mayoress, 189.
Aldermen. Elections
of, 222, 223, 225, 226;
accompany mayor to take
his charge, 164, 234 ; as¬
sist mayor in keeping
order, 161 ; Court of
Mayor and Aldermen, 166,
188, 193; called the may¬
or's brethren, 192, 196,
198, 200, 224, 234; ac¬
company mayor on cere¬
monial occasions, 49, 98,
156, 176, 189, 197, 200,
211, 215, 218, 219, 224.
257, 259, 263, 288; dress
of, 49, 98, 176, 187, 259;
assessments of, a 86, 195;
aldermen deprived of their
cloaks, 160, 320 ; an alder¬
man fined for unfitting
language to the mayor,
London (continued)
318 ; wives of aldermen
called sisters of the may¬
oress, 189, 320.
Sheriffs. Dispute at
an election of, 201 ; pay¬
ment for dispensation from
service as sheriff, 206;
ride with the mayor, 72 ;
responsible for sessions,
187 ; control prisons, 134,
206 ; assist mayor in keep¬
ing order, 168, 198 ; pres¬
ent at royal reception, 98 ;
their feasts, 2575 a sheriff
fined for insolence to the
mayor, 188.
Recorder. Legal ad¬
viser of corporation, 226;
reads addresses on behalf
of corporation, 224, 225,
246 ; intervenes at election
of sheriff, 201 ; present at
coronation, 49.
Other officials. Com¬
mon serjeant, 201 ; cham¬
berlain, 196, 322 ; under-
chamberlain, 201 ; bridge-
masters, 196, 322 ; con¬
stables, 168 ; sword-bearer,
224.
Common Council,
Court of. Legislation by,
156, 187, 196, 263 ; meet¬
ings of, 197, 209; grants
of money by, 212, 229.
Courts : of Orphans,
188, 196, 322; of Re¬
quests, 257 ; of Mayor
and Aldermen, 166, 188,
193-
Guilds, Crafts, or
Fellowships, 14, 187,
191, 194, 211, 219, 224,
253> 257, 259, 288. See
also Drapers, Fish¬
mongers, Goldsmiths,
Grocers, Mercers, Taylors.
Topography of London :—
Churches and Re¬
ligious Houses, see All-
hallows-on-the-Wall, Aus-
tinfriars, Blackfriars, Bow
Church, Carmelites or
Whitefriars, Christchurch,
Greyfriars, St. Andrew's
Holborn, St. Anthony,
St. Bartholomew, St.
Botolph's, St. Magnus, St.
Martin-le-Grand, St. Mary
by Billingsgate, St. Michael
Cornhill, St. Paul's Cathe-
London (continued)
dral, St. Peter-le-Poer, St.
Stephen's Walbrook.
Gates, see Aldersgate,
Aldgate, Bishopsgate,
Cripplegate, Ludgate,
Moorgate, Newgate.
Houses and Palaces,
see Baynard's Castle,
Bishop's Palace at St.
Paul's, Coldharbour, Cros¬
by's Place, Ely Inn, Salis¬
bury Inn, Tower of London,
Wardrobe.
Prisons, see Counters,
Fleet, Ludgate, Newgate.
Public Buildings and
Monuments, see Chepe
Cross, Conduits, Guildhall,
Inns of Court, London
Bridge, London Stone,
Paul's Cross, Pillory,
Standard in Chepe, Steel¬
yard, Temple Bar.
Streets, see Bishops-
gate St., Bridge St., Can-
dlewick St., Cheapside,
Chepe, Cornhill, East
Chepe, Fleet St., Friday
St., Gracechurch St., Hol¬
born, Leadenhall, Lom¬
bard St., Old Change,
Soper Lane, Thames
St., Warwick Lane.
Taverns, see Bull Inn,
Crane in Vintry, Swan
Inn.
Wharves and Land¬
ing stages, see Crane
Wharf, Paul's Wharf,
Queenhithe, Swan Wharf,
Temple Bridge.
Other places, see
Blanch Appleton, Mile
End, Moorfields, Rad-
cliffe, St. Katharine's, St.
Giles's Fields, Smithfield,
Turnmilbrook.
London, Bishops of, see
Braybroke, Robert; Clif¬
ford, Richard ; FitzHugh,
Robert; Hill, Richard;
Kempe, John ; Warham,
William.
London Bridge, the Stulpes
at south end of, 77; the
drawbridge on, 160; fall
of tower on, 142, 311;
crowd on, in 1396, 18,
267 ; held against Hum¬
phrey of Gloucester, 77,
83; fight with Cade on,
INDEX
361
161 ; accident to boat in
passing under, 133, 308;
fire on, 260 ; traitors' heads
set upon, 63, 64, 97, 134,
149, 162, 185, 207, 216,
228; pageants on, 100,
234, 269, 302, 332; men¬
tioned, 206, 211,215,254,
267. The Bridge-masters,
196.
London Stone, 160, 314.
Lopham, Denis, a notary,
20.
Loterell, or Luttrell, Sir
John, 48.
Louis the Dauphin, son of
Charles VI, 119.
Louis XI, King of France,
143, 176, 311-
Louis XII, King of France,
230, 231.
Lounde, William, follower
ofWarbeck, 218.
Louvain (Loveyn), 16.
Lovel, Henry, eighth Lord
Morley, 195, 279.
Lovell, Francis, Viscount,
278.
Lovell, Sir Thomas, 216.
Lovell, William, Lord,
54-
Lucaner merchants in Lon¬
don, 226.
Lucas, Loyte, French envoy
to Warbeck, 221.
Lucy, Sir William, 276.
Ludgate, 19, 97, 134, 186,
195, 216, 276, 300.
Ludlow, 169, 255.
Lumley, Marmaduke,
Bishop of Carlisle, 88.
Lumley, Sir Ralph, 62.
Luttrell, see Loterell.
Luxembourg, Jean de (Sir
John Lyffynbourne), 274.
Luxembourg, Louis de,
Cardinal, Archbishop of
Rouen, Bishop of Ely and
Chancellor for the English
in France, 142, 143, 151,
152 11.
Lydgate, John, his verses
on the return of Henry
VI, 97-116, 301.
Lyle, Sir John, 48.
Lyle, Sir John, 277.
Lynn, or King's Lynn, 143.
Mahomet II, Sultan, 164.
Maine, 136, 145, 155, 158.
Malmesbury Abbey, 66.
Malpas, Philip, Alderman,
146, 153, 160, 161, 174,
3J4> 317, 3i8, 319-
Maltravers, Lord, see Fitz-
alan, John VI, Earl of
Arundel.
Malyverey, a follower of
Warbeck, 206.
Man, Isle of, 149, 154,
313.
Maners, a squire, 178.
March, Earls of, see Mor¬
timer and Edward IV.
Margaret of Anjou, Queen
of England, 155, 156, 163,
169, 172-5, 177, 183-5.
Margaret Beaufort, Countess
of Richmond and Derby,
see Beaufort.
Margaret, Duchess of Bur¬
gundy, 179.
Margaret Tudor, Queen of
Scotland, 222, 255, 263,
341-
Markham, John, Justice,
20, 57.
Marmande, in Guienne, 284.
Marshalsea, 198, 262.
Martin V, Pope, 72> 12^,
131, 270.
Martyn, or Marten, Sir Wil¬
liam, Mayor of London,
191, 197, 200, 323.
Mary Tudor, daughter of
Henry VII, 231.
Mashborough, or Mash-
borvvth, Thomas, traitor,
227.
Matthew, John, Mayor of
London, 189, 195, 225,
331*
iMaudelyn, supporter of
Richard II, 63.
Mauley, Peter VIII, Lord
de, 48.
Maximilian, Emperor, 200,
231. 259> 279-
Meaux, 74, 128, 271.
Medway, weirs on, 64.
Meilhan, in Guienne, 284.
Melun, 127, 138, 271, 298.
Meno, Pregent, a Breton,
220, 327.
Mercantile legislation, 146,
I52> J53) 285-8.
Mercers' Company, 193,
194, 198, 257, 301.
Merchants Adventurers to
Flanders, 193.
Merchant Taylors, see Tay¬
lors.
Merton Abbey, 66.
Mervilliers, Sieur de, 231.
Meulan, 138, 309.
Middelburg,inZeeland, 220.
Middleham, 178.
Middleton, or Myddylton,
servant of Humphrey of
Gloucester, 157.
Milan, 231. See also Vis-
conti, Giancarlo.
Mile End, 160, 161, 276.
Minstreworth, Sir John, 15,
291.
Modon, in the Morea, 233,
332-
Moleyns, Adam de, Bishop
of Chichester, 276.
Monmouth, 267.
Mons, in Hainault, 75, 129,
298.
Monsegur, in Guienne, 284.
Montagu, John, Earl of
Salisbury, 57-60, 62.
Montagu, Thomas, Earl of
Salisbury, 76, 96, 130, 133,
273, 284, 286, 288.
Montagu, Marquis of, see
Neville, John.
Montargis, 136.
Montauban, 284.
Montereau, 72, 75, 129,
143, 3"-
Montgomery, Sir John, 144,
I77» 274> 277-
Montivilliers, 1 r 9, 304.
Moorfields, 224, 330.
Moorgate, 224.
Mordaunt, Sir John, ser-
geant-at-law, 208, 325.
Morested, Thomas, 142,
311-
Morgan, Philip, Bishop of
Worcester, and Ely, 88,
89, 113.
Morley, Henry, eighth Lord,
see Lovel, Henry.
Morley, Thomas, fourth
Lord, 58-60.
Mortain, 137.
Mortain, Earl of, see Beau¬
fort, Edmund.
Mortimer, Edmund, fifth
Earl of March, 71, 271,
283.
Mortimer, Sir John, 282,
283, 34x» 342-
Mortimer, Roger, first Earl
of March, 10.
Mortimer, Roger, fourth
Earl of March, 266.
Mortimer's Cross, 172.
Mortlake, 126, 145, 253.
Morton, John, Cardinal and
Archbishop of Canterbury,
362
INDEX
Lord Chancellor, and
formerly Bishop of Ely,
190, 197-9, 206,211, 216,
232.
Mounford, a Captain, 171.
Mounford, or Mounteford,
Sir Simon, 203, 204; his
son, 205-7.
Mousay, Alardyn de, 140,
31°.
Mowbray, John de, second
Duke of Norfolk, 88, 89,
95. 13°> I32> 308.
Mowbray, John de, third
Duke of Norfolk, 95, 130,
146, 151, 173, 176.
Mowbray, Thomas I, de,
Earl of Nottingham and
Duke of Norfolk, 16, 18,
26, 29, 39, 51, 52, 54, 55,
60.
Mowbray, Thomas II, de,
Earl of Nottingham, and
Earl Marshal, 64.
Mundue, John, a fraudulent
baker, 187.
Myddylton, see Middleton.
Myldenale, Richard, a Lol¬
lard, 208.
Najara (Nayers), battle of,
x4» 291.
Naples, 205.
Narbonne, Vicomte de, 72,
75, 129, 284.
Needham, or Nedam, Rich¬
ard, 157.
Nesle, 119, 305.
Nelley Abbey, 66.
Nevers, Count of, 70, 122.
Neville, Alexander, Arch¬
bishop of York, 16.
Neville, George, Lord Lati¬
mer, 130 n.
Neville, George, Archbishop
of York, previously Bishop
of Exeter, 174, 185, 319.
Neville, George, Lord Ber-
gavenny, 261.
Neville, Sir Henry, 277.
Neville, Sir John, son of
Earl of Salisbury, 169.
Neville, Sir John, brother
of Earl of Westmorland,
175-
Neville, John, Marquis of
Montagu and Earl of
Northumberland, 178, 183,
184, 277.
Neville, Ralph, first Earl
of Westmorland, 19, 48,
56.
Neville, Ralph,second Earl
of Westmorland, 95, 130,
277 (error for his son).
Neville, Richard, first Earl
of Salisbury, 141, 163-5,
169, 170, 172, 276, 277 ;
his wife, 170.
Neville, Richard, Earl of
Warwick, the King-maker,
163, 165, 169-71, 173-5,
178, 180-4, 277-
Neville, Robert, Bishop of
Salisbury and Durham,
US-
Neville, Sir Thomas, 169,
172, 277.
Neville, William, Lord Fal-
conbridge or Fauconberg,
and Earl of Kent, 130 «.,
141, 144, 151, 177,318.
Newcastle, 178.
Newfoundland, ' the new
Isle,' 224, 258, 327-30,
337> 338-
Newgate, 19, 53, 54, 97,
134, 160, 187, 203, 204,
206, 207, 216, 276, 300,
316.
Newport, —, a knight, 48.
Nicholls, Benedict, Bishop
of St. David's, 88.
Noaillan, in Guienne, 284.
Norbury,Sir Henry, 140,310.
Norbury, John, 48.
Norfolk, 159, 207, 232.
Norfolk, Dukes oi,see How¬
ard, Mowbray.
Norland, Thomas, Alder¬
man, 191, 193.
Norman, John, Mayor of
London, 156,164, 234, 315.
Normandy, invasion of, by
Thomas of Clarence, 68 ;
invasions of, by Henry V,
70, 71, 126, 268; rising
of peasantry in, 136, 137,
309; mentioned, 138, 140,
143, z44> H6. I47> I51,
i52, 155 > 158.
Normans, attack Dart¬
mouth, 63, 64, 294.
Northampton, battle of,
171, 276 ; Priory, 66.
Northfolk, John, 200.
Northumberland, 173, 177.
Northumberland, Earls of,
see Percy, Henry, and
Neville, John.
Northwold, or Norwold,
John, 14, 291.
Norwich, 66, 143, 150, 151,
313.
Norwich, Bishops of, see
Alnwick, William; De-
spenser, Henry.
Nottingham, Earls of, see
Mowbray.
Ogill, or Ogle, Bastard of,
178, 318.
Okebourne Abbey, 66.
Oldcastle, Sir John, Lord
Cobham, 69, 72, 126, 268,
270, 297, 342.
Old Change, 145, 224, 246,
3°3,312.
Oldhalle, William, 186,
3r9-
Orange, Louis de Chalons,
Prince of, 271.
Orleans, 96, 132, 288.
Orleans, Bastard of, John,
Count of Dunois, 132.
Orleans, Charles, Duke of,
68, 70, 121, 139,146, 148,
269.
Ormond, Earls of, see
Butler.
Orrey, see Auray.
Orsini, Bartoldo d', 124,
306, 307.
Osbek, Deryk, 219.
Osbek, John, 219.
Oseney Abbey, 66.
Oxenbridge, Thomas, ser-
geant-at-law, 208.
Oxford, 62, 66, 149.
Oxford, Earls of, see Vere.
Padesley, John, Mayor of
London, 116, 135, 1471
154, I55*
Paris, 13, 72, 74, 97, 127,
128, 134, 135, 137, 272.
Parker, Sir James, 197.
Parliaments : of 1397, 18,
5°> 57> 59; of 1399> l9~
47) 50-62 ; of 1407 {or
1410), 65, 295 ; of 1412,
68; of 1421, 73, 127; of
1423, 279-83, 342; of
1425, 285; of Leicester
1426,76-94,300; of1428,
286-8, 342 ; of 1432, 97,
135; of 1433, 135; of
1435, 139; of 1436, 141 ;
of 1437, 142, 275; of
1439-40, 146, 153; of
1442, 149; of 1447, I57>
276; of 1449-50, 158;
of Nov. 1450, 162; of
1454, 164; of 1455, 165 ;
of 1459, 170; of 1460,
171, 172 ; of 1461, 176 ;
INDEX
363
of 1471, 183; of 1472,
186; of 1495, 207; of
1497, 212 ; of 1504, 260.
Parneys, John, Mayor of
London, 72, 116, 135.
Parys, a peticapeteyne, 160.
Passhelewe, Sir John, 95,
130.
Paul's Cross, 148, 190, 208,
2ii, 226, 229, 259, 261.
Paul's Wharf, 250.
Pavelen (Pavilly?), 123,
305.
Payne, Peter (Master Pers),
Lollard, 135, 275, 308.
Peache, Sir John, 201, 202,
206, 336.
Pecock, Reginald, Bishop of
Chichester, 168.
Pelham, Sir John, 73, 342.
Pelham, Sir Thomas, 48.
Pellegrue, in Guienne, 284.
Pemberton, Hugii, Sheriff,
r95-
Pembroke, Earls of, see
Herbert, William; Tudor,
Jasper.
Penryn (Peryn), Provost of,
218, 327.
Percy, Sir Henry (Hotspur),
19, 48, 63.
Percy, Henry, first Earl of
Northumberland, 19, 20,
48, 64.
Percy, Henry, second Earl
ofNorthumberland, 88, 95,
130, 165, 276.
Percy, Henry, third Earl of
Northumberland, 95, 130,
r72, 175, 277.
Percy, Henry, fourth Earl
of Northumberland, 194,
278.
Percy, Sir Ralph, 178.
Percy, Thomas, Earl of
Worcester, 63.
Percy, Thomas, Lord Egre-
mont, 164, 167, 171, 276,
316.
Percy, Thomas, Prior of
Christchurch, Aldgate,i99,
201, 203, 323.
Peronne, 119.
Pershore Abbey, 66.
Pestilence, 10, 12, 13, 188,
193, 217, 232.
Peter the Cruel, King of
Castile, 14.
Peterborough Abbey, 66.
Pety John, a Breton, 204.
Peytoo, Sir W'illiam, 146.
Philip the Good, Duke of |
Burgundy, 75, 76, 127,
129, 130, 139, 141, 144,
270, 272, 274, 3x1.
Philip, Archduke and Duke
of Burgundy, 200, 208, 209,
229, 257, 261, 337, 340.
Philippa, Queen of England,
14, 291.
Picardy, 119, 125, 135, 141,
T44, 23i. 278.
Pillory in Cornhill, The,
187, 198, 200, 205, 208,
210, 217, 225, 233, 256,
257, 303. 3I9-
Pleshy (Plasshe) in Essex,
62.
Plymouth, 63, 145, 234,
294, 332-
Poitiers, battle of, 12.
Pole, Edmund de la, sixth
Earl of Suffolk, 201, 202,
233. 258, 259, 261, 332,
34°-
Pole, Sir John de la, brother
of William, fourth Earl of
Suffolk, 96, 132.
Pole, John de la, second
Duke of Suffolk, 191.
Pole, John de la, Earl of
Lincoln, 194, 278, 321.
Pole, Michael (I) de la,
first Earl of Suffolk, 16.
Pole, Michael (III) de la,
third Earl of Suffelk, 71,
121, 269.
Pole, William de la, fourth
Earl, and first Marquis,
and Duke of Suffolk, 76,
96, 130, 132, 139, 141,
155) j56, i58> 159? 276-
3r3-
Polton, Thomas, Bishop of
Chichester, 88.
Pont de l'Arche (Pount-
large), 126, 270.
Pont-Meulan, see Meulan.
Pont-St.^Maxence, 136.
Pontefract, Pomfret, 9, 164,
172, 178, 190, 278.
Poole, 145.
Popering, 142.
Popes, the, 29, 147, 211,
261. See also Martin.
Portsmouth, 148.
Portugal, 220.
Powys, Lord of, see Charle-
ton, Sir Edward.
Poynes, a traitor, 180.
Poynings, Robert, Lord, 88.
Poytron, Stephen, supporter
of Warbeck, 220, 221.
Prague, 135. |
Prices of: almonds, 208;
alum, 260, 261 ; hay, 208,
223; herrings, 199, 205,
208; malt, 146; oats,
id.\ salt: bay salt, 199,
226 ; great salt, 146, 148 ;
Nantwich salt, 199; sprats,
199; wheat, 9, 10, 14, 63,
!35> 145, H6> i48> J99>
226, 233; wine, 135, 146,
148, 199, 226.
Prowde, a citizen of London
and traitor, 227.
Pycton, John, 198.
Queenborough, 255.
Queenhithe, 149, 205, 313.
Querdes (Cordes), Sieur des,
I95> 279-
Quyntyne, a Spaniard, fol¬
lower of Warbeck, 207,
324» 325-
Radcliffe (Radclyf), 181.
Radcliffe, see Ratcliffe.
Radclyff, Sir Ralph, 95,
13I-
Radyngton, Sir Baldwin,
17-
Ramme, Thomas, 192.
Rampston, Sir Thomas,
drowned in 1407, 267.
Rampston, Sir Thomas
(1428), 132.
Randolph, a friar, confessor
of Queen Joanna, 73, 80,
273, 298.
Ratcliffe, or Radcliffe, Sir
John, styled Lord Fitz-
Walter, 277, 283.
Ratcliffe, John, Lord Fitz-
Walter, 203, 207, 212.
Ratclyf, Robert, traitor,
203, 204.
Ravenspur, 19, 183.
Rawson, Richard, Alderman,
193-
Rayle, in Sussex, 214.
Raynwell, or Reynwell,
John, Mayor of London,
68, 95, 131, 273, 341.
Reading, 146, 153; abbey,
66.
Rede, or Reed, Bartholo¬
mew, Mayor of London,
219, 223, 258, 327.
Reole, La, 123, 284.
Requests, Court of, 257.
Revell, Robert, Sheriff, 195.
Richard I, King of Eng¬
land, 1.
Richard II, King of Eng-
36 4
INDEX
land, his share in suppres¬
sion of Peasants Revolt in
1381, 16; marries Ann of
Bohemia, id. ; invades
Scotland, id., 266 ; first
expedition to Ireland, 17;
marries Isabella of Valois,
18 ; arrests Thomas of
Gloucester and his sup¬
porters, id.; adjudicates
on dispute between Henry
of Lancaster and Norfolk,
id.; second expedition to
Ireland, 19; compelled to
resign the crown, 20 ; text
of his resignation, 21, 22 ;
articles against him, 24-
41 ; sentence of deposi¬
tion, 41-3; formal re¬
nunciation of homage to,
47 ; statements attributed
to him by William Bagot,
52, 53 ; Exeter's version,
54; Commons apply for
judgement, 56 ; ordered to
be kept in prison, 57 ; his
deposition announced to
foreign countries, 61; his
reburial, 268; his crown,
Richard III, King of Eng¬
land, sent for safety to
Utrecht in 1461, 174;
created Duke of Glouces¬
ter, 177; attainted in 1471,
183 ; returns with Edward
IV, id.; present at Barnet,
184 ; alleged to have mur¬
dered Henry VI, 185 ; as¬
sumes custody of Edward
V, and his brother, 190 ;
has Hastings beheaded,
id., 278; arrests Morton
and Rotherham, 190 ; his
claim to the crown, id.;
takes possession of Re¬
gality and is crowned,
191 ; puts his nephews to
death, id.; suppresses
Buckingham's rebellion,
192, 278 ; received at Lon¬
don, 192 ; slain at Bos-
worth, and buried at
Leicester, 193, 278 ; his
wife, 191; his bastard son,
220, 221.
Richard, Earl of Cambridge,
70.
Richard, Duke of York, 95,
130, 141, 143, 144, 147,
159, 162-5, i67-74> 277-
Richard, Duke of York, son
of Edward IV, 190, 191,
278.
Richemont, Arthur de, see
Arthur.
Richmond, in Surrey, 233,
253, 258, 26i> 262- 332)
336, 340. See also Sheen.
Richmond, Earls of, see
Henry VII, and Tudor,
Edmund ; Countess of, see
Beaufort, Margaret.
Rickhill, Sir William, Jus¬
tice, 61, 294.
Rievaulx Abbey, 66.
Rions, 284.
Rivers, Earls, see Wood-
ville, Anthony, and Rich¬
ard.
Roche, Sir John, 60.
Rochester, 66.
Rochester, Bishops of, see
Kempe, John; Langdon,
John.
Rochford, Sir Bartholomew,
48.
Roger, ' long Roger, a
traitor, 228, 331.
Rokesly, Gregory, Mayor
of London, 7, 290.
Rome, 61, 197, 205, 228.
Romney, 12.
Romsey Abbey, 66.
Ros, or Roos, of Hamlake,
Thomas I, Lord, 88, 95,
130.
Ros, or Roos, of Hamlake,
Thomas II, Lord, 175,178,
277.
Ros, or Roos, of Hamlake,
William, Lord, 20.
Rotherham, Thomas, Arch¬
bishop of York, 190.
Rouen, 72, 123, 126, 135.
137, 139_4I> T43.
150, 152 ; Archbishop of,
see Luxembourg, Louis of.
Rouergue, 284.
Roussy, Comte de, 122.
Russell, a woolman, Lol¬
lard, 97, 134, 301.
Rutland, Earls of, see Ed¬
mund, and Edward.
Rydon, Robert, 194.
Rys, near Rouen, 140.
Rysbank, 171.
Rysdy of Wales, 268.
Ryvers, Sir Guylliam de,
Master of the Hawks to
Henry VII, 202, 249,
251.
St. Aignan-sur-Roe, 145.
St. Albans, 157, 174, 184;
first battle of, 165, 170,
276; second battle of,
17 3, 277; Abbey, 66,
157-
St. Amand (Seyntaumer),
Almaric de, 48, 293.
St. Andrew's, Holborn, 157.
St. Anthony's, Thread-
needle St., 226, 234, 326,
331-
St. Asaph, Bishop of, see
Trevor, John.
St. Bartholomew's, Smith-
field, 66.
St. Basile, Bastard of, 140.
Ste. Bazeille, 284.
St. Botulph's, Thames St.,
260.
St. Catherine's, see St.
Katharine's.
St. C&ieri, 136, 308.
St. Croix, Cardinal of, 139,
310.
St. David's, bishopric, 66;
Bishop of, see Nicholls,
Benedict.
St. Denys, 128, 138, 272,
3°9-
St. Erkenwald's shrine, 188.
St. George's Fields, South-
wark, 214.
St. George's, Southwark,
132.
St. Giles's Fields, 69, 72.
St. James's, Westminster,
I45-
St. John's, Clerkenwell,
164/*., 252, 266, 267;
priors or lords of, see
Botyll, Robert; Hales,
Robert; Kendall, John;
Langstrother, John.
St. John's Field at Clerken¬
well, 173, 317.
St. Julien-de-Vouvantes,
*45-
St. Katharine s by the
Tower, 72, 147, 153, 181,
298, 312, 325-
St. Leger (Selenger), Sir
Thomas, 192.
St. Magnus, 160, 215.
St. Martin-le-Grand, 192,
199, 218, 260, 319, 320.
St. Mary-at-Hill, by Bil¬
lingsgate, 209, 325.
St. Mary Overy, 66, 75,
129, 133, 276, 282.
St. Michael's, Cornhill, 149.
St. Michael's Mount, 186.
St. Neots, 216.
INDEX
365
St. Omer, 229, 230.
St. Osyth Priory, 65 ; prior
of, 261.
St. Paul's, London, called
the chief church of the
City, hi, 112 ; the steeple
burnt, 156, 313; the new
weathercock set up, 74,
128, 272 ; weathercock
taken down and reset, 222 ;
weathercock blown down
again, 261, 340; a Dr.
Draper taken from the
church by force, 206 ; the
church suspended through
violence, 212 ; penance
done there, 148, 149;
convocation held there,
213; marriage of Cather¬
ine of Aragon, 248, 334;
services at, 113, 135, 136,
172, 174-6, 180, 184, 185,
197, 211, 215, 218, 250,
255, 259, 260, 269, 273,
285. The bishop's prison
at, 201. The Bishop's
Palace at, 165, 172, 182,
19°, 193, 211, 248, 249.
The Dean of, 113, 203.
See also Paul's Cross.
St. Peter-le-Poer, 260.
St. Pol, Bastard of, 138.
St. Pol, Pierre de Luxem¬
bourg, Count of, 135, 136.
St. Pol, Hotel de, at Paris,
128, 272.
St. Stephen's, Walbrook,
203.
St. Thomas Wateryng, 124,
3°7-
St. Valery, 144.
Salisbury, 66, 192, 278 ;
Bishops of, see Ayscough,
William; Neville, Robert.
Salisbury, Earls of, see
Montagu, and Neville.
Salisbury Inn, London, 224,
Sallay Abbey, 66, 297.
Sally, or Selby, Ralph, 19,
291.
Salysbury, Sir John, 17.
Sanap, Sir Richard, 48,
293-
Sandwich, 142, 170, 171,
176, 178,197. 205.
Sandwich, Ralph de, 7, 290.
Satell, Sir Edward, 48.
Sautry, William, Lollard,
63-
Sautry Abbey, 66.
Savoy Palace, 13.
Savoy Street, Westminster,
52-
Saye, Lord, see Fiennes.
Scala, Brunero della, 124,
306, 307.
Scales, Anthony, Lord, see
Woodville
Scales, Robert, fifth Lord,
60.
Scales, Thomas, seventh
Lord, 76, 96, 132, 140.
141, 151, 161, 276, 310;
his daughter Elizabeth,
Lady Scales, 173.
Scarle, John, 48.
Scot, John, a traitor, 199.
Scot, Richard, Lieutenant
of the Tower, 80, 282
{called Robert).
Scotland, Edward I in, 7;
Richard II in, 16, 266 ;
threatened trouble with,
58 ; Henry IV in, 63 ;
Lancastrians take refuge
in, 175, 177, 181; action
of Edward IV against,
178; supports Warbeck,
210, 212, 213,221 ; peace
with, 222 ; Scottish em¬
bassy at London to arrange
marriage of Margaret
Tudor, 252, 253, 336;
troubles in 1516, 263.
Kings of,see David, James.
Scots in France, 75, 129,
132, 140, 284, 285, 307.
Scrope of Masham, Henry,
Lord, 70.
Scrope, Richard, Arch¬
bishop of York, 19, 22, 23,
44, 49, 64.
Scrope, William, Earl of
Wiltshire, 19, 37.
Scrope, Lady, 183.
Seez, 136.
Sens, Archbishop of, 121.
Serjeants-at-Law, 57, 208,
325 ; the Serjeants' feast,
207, 260, 325.
Serle, William, 54, 64.
Semes, in Guienne, 284.
Seryze, see Zieriksee.
Seyntaumer, see St. Amand.
Shaa, or Shaw, Sir John,
Mayor of London, 21 x,
2i5> 234J 246, 249, 250,
253. 255-7, 326.
Shardlowe, Sir John, 95,
130.
Sharpe, Jack, 97, 134, 300 ;
his Bill, 295-7.
Shavelok, Roger, 195.
Sheen, 15, 145, 175, 197,
213, 219, 222, 223, 233,
259; Charterhouse at,
259. See also Richmond.
Sheffield, Sir Robert, Re¬
corder of London, 215.
Shelley, Sir Thomas, 63.
Sherborne Abbey, 66.
Sherbum (Shyrbom), York¬
shire, 175, 317.
Shrewsbury, 24, 28, 37, 172;
abbey, 65 ; battle of, 63.
Shrewsbury, Earls of, see
Talbot.
Shropshire, 62.
Sigismund, Emperor, 71,
124-6, 270, 306, 307.
Sille-le-Guillaume, 136,308.
Skelton, follower of War-
beck, 217.
Skirlawe, Walter, Bishop
of Durham, 49.
Slake, John, 19.
Sluys, 11.
Smert, Roger, 53.
Smithfield : Lollards burnt
there, 63, 68, 128, 134,
200, 232 ; a witch burnt
there, 149, 154, 155 ; an
execution at, 175 ; jousts
and lists at, 148, 150, 157,
179, 267, 268, 312.
Somerset, Earls and Dukes
of, see Beaufort.
Somme, river, 119, 144.
Soper Lane, 244, 333.
Southampton (Hampton),
40, 70, 74, 125, 126, 128,
155. 176, 185, 192, 218.
Southwark, 77, 192, 262 ;
Jack Cade in, 160-2, 276.
See also Marshalsea, St.
George's, St. Mary Overy,
Stews, Winchester Inn.
Southwell, Thomas, 154,
155.
Southwick, 156 n.
Sowdan, Sir Percival, 267.
Spain, 14,61,146,148,197;
defeat of Spanish fleet by
Edward III, 12 ; defeat of
Spanish fleet in 1457, 168,
316 ; Spanish merchants in
London, 226. King of,
see Ferdinand.
Spalding Abbey, 66.
Spysyng, a rebel, 185, 319.
Stafford, Edmund, fifth Earl
of, 48, 63.
Stafford, Edmund, Bishop
of Exeter, 49.
Stafford, Edward, third
366
INDEX
Duke of Buckingham, 232,
250-2, 256, 334, 335.
Stafford, Henry, second
Duke of Buckingham,
190-2, 278.
Stafford, Henry, brother of
Edward, Duke of Bucking¬
ham, 252, 335.
Stafford, Humphrey, sixth
Earl of Stafford, and first
Duke of Buckingham, 88,
89, 146, 151, 156, 157,
160, 165, 171, 172 (an
error), 275, 276.
Stafford, Sir Humphrey, of
Grafton, 159.
Stafford, Humphrey, styled
Earl of Stafford, 165.
Stafford, Sir Humphrey,
Earl of Devonshire, 277.
Stafford, Humphrey, exe¬
cuted by Henry VII,
278.
Stafford, John, Archbishop
of Canterbury, previously
Bishop of Bath, 88, 89,
313, 151, 160.
Stafford, William, brother
of Sir Humphrey of Graf¬
ton, 159.
Staines, 279.
Stalyn, John, uncle of War-
beck, 219.
Standard in Chepe, the,
161, 162, 176, 245, 276,
3*4-
Standish, Sir Raulyn, 138.
Stanley, Sir Humphrey, 214.
Stanley, Sir Thomas, 154,
3'3- T ,
Stanley, Thomas, Lord
Stanley, and first Earl of
Derby, 182, 209, 256.
Stanley, Sir William, 203-5.
Steelyard, the, 198, 257,
322.
Steeres, Richard, 180.
Stewart, Alexander, son of
Tames IV of Scotland,
263.
Stewart, John, Earl of Bu-
chan, 75, 129, 284.
Stewart, or Steward, Sir
John, Seigneur d'Aubigny,
132, 3°7-
Stewart, John, Duke of
Albany, 263.
Stews in Southwark, The,
205.
Stienbek, John, cousin of
Warbeck, 220.
Stoke, 194, 278, 321.
Stokker, John, Alderman,
187, 193.
Stokker, Sir WTilliam, Mayor
of London, 186, 193,
321.
Stokton, John, Mayor of
London, 179, 183.
Stony Stratford, 190.
Story, Sir Richard, 146.
Stow, John, antiquary,
notice of, xxxiv, xxxv;
hisnotesin Vitellius A XVI,
156, 164, 173, 174, 179,
203, 216, 3x7; his
Chronicles of England
cited, 329, 337 ; his An¬
nates cited, 291, 318, 320,
324, 329. 335> 337, 339,
340, 342 ; his Survey cited,
290, 291, 298, 299, 300,
3°3) 3I2~7, 3*9, 323,
325-7, 33°, 331, 336-40;
his quotations from ta-
bvan's MS., xxviii, 323,
3*25, 338.
Stowe, Thomas, 20.
Strangwissh, traitor, 228,
331.
Stratford, in Essex, 201.
Stratford Abbey, 179.
Stratford-atte-Bow, 195.
Strawe, Jack, 16, 134
216, 291.
Strawle, Sir William, 48.
Strewe, John, 220.
Stulpes, the, on London
Bridge, 77, 299.
Sturmyne, Robert, mer¬
chant of Bristol, 169, 316,
317-
Sudbury, Simon, Arch¬
bishop of Canterbury, 15.
Suffolk, Earls and Dukes
of, see Brandon, and¥o\e.
Surienne, Sir Eranfois de,
158, 314.
Surrey, 154.
Surrey, Earl of, see Howard;
Duke of, see Holland.
Sussex, 162, 207, 214.
Sutton, Dr., parson of St.
Stephen's, Walbrook, 203.
Sutton, John, Alderman,
147, 154, 161.
Swan Inn, Threadneedle St.,
226, 326.
Swan Wharf, or Swan Stairs,
149, 312.
Swart, Martin, 194, 278,
321*
Sweating sickness, 193,320,
321-
Swineshead Abbey, 66.
Swords, the river of, 119.
Tailour, or Tiler, John,
follower of Warbeck, 221,
227.
Talbot, Sir Gilbert, 224.
Talbot, John, first Earl of
Shrewsbury, 88, 96, 132,
136, 137, 14°. I4I> x43>
144, 150, 151, 163, 309,
310.
Talbot, John, second Earl
of Shrewsbury, 95, 130,
171, 276.
Talbot, John, third Earl ol
Shrewsbury, 182, 3x6.
Talbot, John, Viscount
\Lisle, 163.
Tankerville, X39, 143.
Tankerville, Earl of, see
Grey, John.
Tate, Sir John, Mayor of
London, 193, 21x, 213,
215, 226, 234, 326.
Taunton, 217, 218 ; priory,
66.
Tayllor, William, Lollard,
75. "8.
Taylors', or Merchant Tay¬
lors', Company, 194, 339.
Templars, the Knights, 8.
Temple Bar, 259.
Temple Bridge, 149, 312.
Ter Gouw, in Holland, 76,
129, 298.
Tewkesbury, 5 ; abbey, 66 ;
battle of, 184, 185, 277.
Thaksted, 134, 308.
Thames, river, 72, 81, 142,
147, 153, 212, 258 ; frozen
over, 68; weirs on, 64,
294; barges and swans on,
254, 335, 336.
Thames Street, 149, 183,
260, 319.
Therouanne (Tyrwyne, Tir-
wen), 119, 135.
Thirning, Sir William, Jus¬
tice, 19, 41, 47, 59.
Thomas,Earl of Lancaster, 9.
Thomas of Woodstock,
Duke of Gloucester, 16,
18, 25-7, 38, 51, 52, 54,
55, 58, 62, 64, 267.
Thomas, Duke of Clarence,
48, 68, 71, 73, 124, 126,
127, 270, 271, 341.
Thorney Abbey, 66.
Thornton Priory, 66.
Thwaites, —, Treasurer of
Calais, attainted, 203, 204.
INDEX
367
Tiler, John, see Tailour.
Tiptoft, Sir John, afterwards
Lord, 48, 88.
Tiptoft, John, Earl of Wor¬
cester, 182, 216, 277.
Tiptre, Prior of, 18.
Tirell, see also Tyrell.
Tirell, John, 277.
Togood, Thomas, 205.
Tonnere, Count of, 75, 129,
284.
Tothill, 148.
Touques, 71, 126.
Tournay, 219, 220.
Touteville, see Estouteville.
Tower of London : As a
royal palace, 11,48, 123,
176, 182, 203, 213-5, 258,
259; the king resides there
before his coronation, 48,
176. As a prison, 55, 69,
148, 154, I55> 157~6o>
164, 177, 179, 181, 184,
188, 195, 199, 204, 206,
207, 216, 221, 223, 228,
256, 261, 262, 268, 273,
276, 278,282 ; Richard II
imprisoned there, 20, 47;
Henry VI murdered there,
185 ; the young princes
imprisoned there, 190. As
a fortress, 79 ; surrenders
to Lancastrians by appoint¬
ment, 182. Lieutenants
of, 80, 204, 227. Jousts
at, 146. Description of,
by William Dunbar, 254.
Tower Hill, executions of
traitors on, 15, 17, 18, 177,
180, 182, 192, 195, 204,
216, 256, 277, 278 ; of Lol¬
lards and other criminals,
M7. I53» l88-
Towton, battle of, 175, 277,
317-
Trafford, Sir Edmund, 95,
13I-
Trefnant, John, Bishop of
Hereford, 19, 22, 23.
Tresham, Sir Thomas, 277.
Tresilian, Sir Robert, Jus¬
tice, 16.
Trevilyan, John, 159.
Trevor, John, Bishop of
St. Asaph, 41.
Trollop, Sir Andrew, 169,
*75*
Troyes, 73, 127.
Troys, Hans, 203, 204.
Trumpyngton, Sir John, 48.
Tucbet, James, fifth Lord
Audley, 169.
Tuchet, James, seventh Lord
Audley, 213, 215, 216.
Tuchet, John, fourth Lord
Audley, 88, 276.
Tuddenham, or Todenham,
Sir Thomas, 177, 277.
Tudor, Catherine, daughter
of Henry VII, 258.
Tudor, Edmund, Earl of
Richmond, 163.
Tudor, Edmund, son of
Henry VII, 225, 231, 232,
332*
Tudor, Elizabeth, daughter
of Henry VII, 207, 325.
Tudor, Jasper, Earl of Pem¬
broke and Duke of Bed¬
ford, 163, 172, 181, 277.
Tunstall, Sir Thomas, 95,
130.
Turks, the, 164, 233, 332.
Turnmilbrook, 258, 338.
Tweed, river, 210.
Tyburn, 17, 55, 63, 149,
J55, 157, l8°, J92, 196'
198, 199,204, 207, 216.
227, 228, 256, 267, 303,
312, 339-
Tynley, Ralph, Alderman,
194, 226.
Tyrell, Sir Tames, 255, 256.
Tyrell, William, 177.
Tyrwyne, 119, 304.
Universities, proposed
foundation of, 67.
Urswick, Christopher, the
King's Almoner, 195, 322.
Utrecht, 174.
Vale Royal Abbey, 66, 297.
Valmont, 139, 306.
Valois, 136.
Vaughan,<?rVaghan, Hugh,
197.
Vaughan, or Vaghan,
Thomas, 174, 190, 278,
317-
Vauntedore, Count of, 75,
129, 284.
Vaux, Sir Nicholas, 249,
250, 335-
Veilleville, Sir Rowland de,
252, 335-
Venables, Richard, 137,
3°9\
Vendome, Count of, 70,
121.
Venetians in London, 98,
224, 226.
Vere, Aubrey de, 177, 277.
Vere, John de, twelfth Earl
of Oxford, 88, 95, 130,
146, 148, 177, 275, 277.'
Vere, John de, thirteenth
Earl of Oxford, 180-2,
184, 186, 215, 227, 256,
3I9-
Vere, Richard de, eleventh
Earl of Oxford, 120.
Vere, Robert de, ninth Earl
of Oxford and Duke of
Ireland, 16, 25.
Vere, Sir Robert de, 95,
130.
Verneuil, battle of, 75, 129,
284.
Vintry, 81, 299.
Visconti, Giancarlo (John
Carle de Melane), 124,
306, 307.
Wakefield, battle of, 172,
277.
Wales, 62, 63, 164, 170,
172, 179, 190, 268, 270;
marches of, 72, 163, 176,
191,270,277,283; Princes
of. see Arthur, Edward,
Henry V.
Walden, in Essex, 223, 308.
Walker, Water, or Walter,
175, 317-
Waltham, 66, 189, 281 ;
abbot of, 88.
Walworth, Sir William,
Mayor of London, 14-6.
Wapping, 207, 325.
Warbeck, Perkyn, 206, 207,
217-21, 223, 227, 325-7,
331-
Warde, John, Mayor ot
London, 188, 193, 321.
Wardrobe in Blackfriars,
the King's, 192, 218, 234,
327, 332.
Ware, 180.
Warham, William, Arch¬
bishop of Canterbury, 263.
Warwick, 180.
Warwick, Earls of, see
Beauchamp; Edward; ana
Neville.
Warwick Lane, 261.
Wash, the, 181.
Water, John, Mayor of
Cork, and supporter of
Warbeck, 220, 221, 227.
Watering, St. Thomas, see
St. Thomas.
Waynfiete, William, Bishop
of Winchester, 163.
Weather, notices of, 2, 3,
10, 12, 13, 68, 131, 137,
368
INDEX
145, 156, 208, 212, 232,
233, 261, 275.
Welles, John, Mayor of
London, 73, 97, 99, 109,
127, 134, 143, 303, 315.
Welles, Lyon, sixth Lord,
95. 130, 277- . , 3
Welles, or Wellys, Richard,
seventh Lord, 180, 277 ;
also Lord Willoughby.
Welles, Sir Robert, 180,
277.
Wellesbourne, —, a traitor,
255- 256> 339-
Wenlock, John, Lord, 277.
Wentworth, Sir Philip, 17S.
Wessenes, —, a squire, 140,
3IQ-
West Country, the, 162,
165, 170, 178.
Westminster, 48, 113, 124,
126, 149, 164, 173, 177,
180, 182, 184, 189, 192,
198, 199, 201, 207, 216,
22it 223, 281 ; the royal
court and palace, 14, 17,
18, 114, 124, 223, 269,
270; royal festivities at,
200-2, 250,266, 335, 336;
Parliaments held at, 37,
5°, 65, 73, 97, 127, 135,
146, 153, 158, 162, 172,
176, 183, 186, 207, 260,
279; great Council at,
211; Council Chamber at,
20 ; Judges sit there, 176 ;
mayor takes his charge at,
76, 130, 164, 201; Savoy
Palace at, 13 ; Sun Inn at,
258. See also Whitehall,
Savoy St.
Westminster Abbey, 7, 66,
113, 174, 265; coronation
of Kings and Queens in,
i8,47,49>73,96>127> *33,
156, 176, 193, 194 ; royal
burial-place, 6, 8, 15, 17,
75, 128, 142, 207, 232,
272; Elizabeth Woodville
takes sanctuary there, 182,
190; Edward V born in,
183 ; Jerusalem Chamber
at, 68; new Chapel built
by Henry VII, 258; founda¬
tions of Richard II at, 37.
Westminster Bridge, 250,
253, 335-
Westminster Hall, 23, 50,
*74, 227, 250, 252, 253,
336; coronation feasts in,
49, J93-
Westmorland, Earls of, see
Neville.
Whalley Abbey, 66, 297.
White, —, follower of War-
beck, 206, 207.
Whitefriars, London, 65.
White Hall,at Westminster,
47, 182, 206, 215, 216,
227, 256.
Wiche, Richard, Lollard,
I47, I53, 312.
Wigmore, 277.
Wilford, Ralph, 225, 331.
William, Duke of Holland,
125, 270, 307.
Willoughby, Richard, Lord,
see Welles, Richard.
Willoughby, Robert, Lord,
76, 130, 138, 143.
Willoughby, William, Lord,
20, 48, 60.
Wiltshire, Earls of, see But¬
ler, James; and Scrope,
William.
Winchcombe Abbey, 66.
Winchelsea, 12, 145.
Winchester, 63, 66, 273.
Winchester, bishops of, see
Beaufort, Henry; Foxe,
Richard ; Langton, Tho¬
mas ; Waynflete, William ;
Wykeham, William.
Winchester Inn, at South-
wark, 282.
Windsor, 74, 125, 128,189,
268, 273, 279, 285.
Wodham, William, 149.
Wolsey, Thomas, Cardinal
and Archbishop of York,
263, 341.
Woodstock, 10, 54.
Woodstock, Thomas of, see
Thomas.
Wood ville, Anthony, Earl
Rivers, previously Lord
Scales, 168, 170, 171, 179,
190, 278.
Wood ville, Elizabeth, see
Elizabeth.
Woodville, Sir John, 180,
277.
Woodville, Sir Richard, 79,
80, 299.
Woodville, Sir Richard,
afterwards Earl Rivers, 95,
130, 138, 146, 148, 170,
171, 180, 277, 299, 308,
318.
Worcester, 3, 66.
Worcester, bishops of, see
Bourchier, Thomas ; Mor¬
gan, Philip; Polton,
Thomas.
Worcester, Earls of, see
Percy, Thomas; Tiptoft,
John.
Worsley, William, Dean
of St. Paul's, 324.
Worthynton, Gilbert, 157,
3I3-
Wycliffe, John, 273.
Wykeham, William, Bishop
of Winchester, 49.
Wykyng, William, Sheriff,
189.
Wyndam, Sir John, traitor,
256, 257.
Wyndoute, Thomas, Alder¬
man, 219, 225,331.
Wyngar, John, Mayor of
London, 198, 222, 260,
327.
Wyngfield, Sir Walter, 95,
130.
Wynter, Thomas, 62.
Xaintrailles, Pothon de,
138, 139, 141, 309.
Yakysley, or Yaxley, John,
serjeant-at-law, 20S.
York, 17,66, 149,172, 175,
178, 181, 183, 191, 277,
278.
York, Archbishops of, see
Kempe, John; Neville,
Alexander; Neville,
George; Rotherham,
Thomas; Scrope, Richard;
Wolsey, Thomas.
York, Dukes of, see Ed¬
mund, Edward, Henry
VIII, Richard; Duchess
of, see Cicely.
Zealand, 76, 129, 147, 174,
298.
Zierikzee (Sirex, Seryze),
76, 129, 298.
Zouche, William, Lord la,
88.
Oxford: Printed at the Clarendon Press by Horace Hart, M.A.
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