author-heylynPeter-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-23 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 35 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 3,243,684 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 92,676 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 92. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

church, king, first, one, made, god, time, great, may, also, might, shall, yet, much, men, us, man, will, though, many, people, lord, now, good, called, england, place, say, st, two, without, name, well, kings, make, day, bishop, like, power, part, christ, must, holy, doth, last, either, times, onely, bishops, therefore

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Cyprianus anglicus, or, The history of the life and death of the Most Reverend and renowned prelate William, by divine providence Lord Archbishop of Canterbury ... containing also the ecclesiastical history of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from his first rising till his death / by P. Heylyn ..., Aerius redivivus, or, The history of the Presbyterians containing the beginnings, progress and successes of that active sect, their oppositions to monarchial and episcopal government, their innovations in the church, and their imbroylments by Peter Heylyn ..., and Ecclesia restaurata, or, The history of the reformation of the Church of England containing the beginning, progress, and successes of it, the counsels by which it was conducted, the rules of piety and prudence upon which it was founded, the several steps by which it was promoted or retarded in the change of times, from the first preparations to it by King Henry the Eight untill the legal settling and establishment of it under Queen Elizabeth : together with the intermixture of such civil actions and affairs of state, as either were co-incident with it or related to it / by Peter Heylyn..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

king henry, holy ghost, must needs, almighty god, telleth us, king edward, tells us, lords day, tell us, let us, king iames, king james, right hand, queen elizabeth, every one, mean time, lord primate, former times, learned men, holy scripture, set forth, one another, holy table, told us, greatest part, every man, common people, next following, communion table, primitive times, thought fit, many times, divine service, early english, english books, king charles, shall see, another place, shall finde, tels us, long time, queen mary, make use, make good, puritan faction, ever since, books online, christian faith, one day, common prayer

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Ecclesia restaurata, or, The history of the reformation of the Church of England containing the beginning, progress, and successes of it, the counsels by which it was conducted, the rules of piety and prudence upon which it was founded, the several steps by which it was promoted or retarded in the change of times, from the first preparations to it by King Henry the Eight untill the legal settling and establishment of it under Queen Elizabeth : together with the intermixture of such civil actions and affairs of state, as either were co-incident with it or related to it / by Peter Heylyn. The undeceiving of the people in the point of tithes: wherein is shewed, I. That never any clergy in the Church of God hath been, or is maintained with lesse charge to the subject, then the established clergy of the Church of England. II. That there is no subject in the realme of England, who giveth any thing of his own, towards the maintenance of his parish-minister, but his Easter-offering. III. That the change of tithes into stipends, will bring greater trouble to the clergy, then is yet considered; and far lesse profit to the countrey, then is now pretended. / By Ph. Treleinie Gent., and Respondet Petrus: or, The answer of Peter Heylyn D.D. to so much of Dr. Bernard''s book entituled, The judgement of the late Primate of Ireland, &c. as he is made a party to by the said Lord Primate in the point of the Sabbath, and by the said doctor in some others. To which is added an appendix in answer to certain passages in Mr Sandersons History of the life and reign of K· Charles, relating to the Lord Primate, the articles of Ireland, and the Earl of Strafford, in which the respondent is concerned..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

church, king, english, england, parliament, god, lord, court, churches, prince, law, duke, book, bishops, city, religion, clergy, bishop, articles, act, realm, pope, kingdome, kingdom, house, henry, convocation, scots, queen, majesty, lords, doctrine, crown, authority, army, anno, town, state, st., ministers, majesties, laws, lady, holy, government, french, charles, order, father, earl

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be church, and A sermon preached in the collegiate church of St. Peter in Westminster, on Wednesday May 29th, 1661 being the anniversary of His Majesties most joyful restitution to the crown of England / by Peter Heylyn ... is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. king - A survey of the estate of France, and of some of the adjoyning ilands taken in the description of the principal cities, and chief provinces, with the temper, humor, and affections of the people generally, and an exact accompt of the publick government in reference to the court, the church, and the civill state / by Peter Heylyn ; pbulished according to the authors own copy, and with his content for preventing of all faith, imperfect, and surreptitious impressions of it.
2. god - Theologia veterum, or, The summe of Christian theologie, positive, polemical, and philological, contained in the Apostles creed, or reducible to it according to the tendries of the antients both Greeks and Latines : in three books / by Peter Heylyn.
3. george - A help to English history containing a succession of all the kings of England, the English Saxons, and the Britans : the kings and princes of Wales, the kings and lords of Man, the Isle of Wight : as also of all the dukes, marquesses, earls, and bishops thereof : with the description of the places from whence they had their titles : continued with a supplement, and enlarged with the names and ranks of the viscounts and barons to the year 1652.

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. church, king, unto - Theologia veterum, or, The summe of Christian theologie, positive, polemical, and philological, contained in the Apostles creed, or reducible to it according to the tendries of the antients both Greeks and Latines : in three books / by Peter Heylyn.
2. unto, church, shall - A survey of the estate of France, and of some of the adjoyning ilands taken in the description of the principal cities, and chief provinces, with the temper, humor, and affections of the people generally, and an exact accompt of the publick government in reference to the court, the church, and the civill state / by Peter Heylyn ; pbulished according to the authors own copy, and with his content for preventing of all faith, imperfect, and surreptitious impressions of it.
3. george, st, unto - The historie of that most famous saint and souldier of Christ Iesus; St. George of Cappadocia asserted from the fictions, in the middle ages of the Church; and opposition, of the present. The institution of the most noble Order of St. George, named the Garter. A catalogue of all the knights thereof untill this present. By Pet. Heylyn.
4. sr, iohn, esq - A help to English history containing a succession of all the kings of England, the English Saxons, and the Britans : the kings and princes of Wales, the kings and lords of Man, the Isle of Wight : as also of all the dukes, marquesses, earls, and bishops thereof : with the description of the places from whence they had their titles : continued with a supplement, and enlarged with the names and ranks of the viscounts and barons to the year 1652.
5. moses, aaron, congregation - Prossō kai opissō a sermon eqvally pointing forvvard & backward, as it was deliver''d in the Vniversity Church of Saint Maries in Cambridge / by P.H., B. of Divinity, and sometime fellow of Queenes Colledge in Cambridge, in his forenoone course before that universitie, upon the 22 day of November, in the yeare 1640, being the beginning of this present parliament.

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, men, man, people, place, day, name, part, power, kings, times, way, others, rest, nothing, death, words, things, thing, p., end, author, order, self, hath, reason, ▪, year, life, body, hand, word, parts, none, doth, hands, use, cause, point, nature, places, king, world, manner, matter, viz, truth, side, religion, years

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, be, is, had, were, have, being, are, made, did, been, said, called, say, make, do, having, take, done, found, see, according, come, put, taken, came, thought, brought, give, given, know, hath, set, call, used, sent, gave, am, think, let, finde, left, took, received, following, find, kept, laid, stand, resolved

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, ◊, 〈, church, king, god, ●, lord, england, st., christ, bishop, c., parliament, bishops, hath, l., queen, english, de, lords, court, france, book, holy, henry, duke, prince, anno, majesty, rome, law, churches, father, house, doctrine, sir, town, gods, london, city, pope, kingdom, mr., clergy, act, princes, earl, altar, fol

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, he, they, their, them, him, i, we, you, our, her, us, my, himself, your, themselves, me, she, its, thy, thee, theirs, one, yours, mine, ours, vp, ye, u, whereof, herself, hers, f, ●, vnto, ourselves, ay, y, non, ne, ib, us''d, s, browes, wr, ve, ts, tollit, severall

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, such, great, first, same, many, good, own, more, much, last, whole, most, little, old, present, new, true, common, second, former, next, like, better, saith, several, particular, greater, holy, able, publick, least, full, best, certain, high, greatest, long, general, french, very, late, third, necessary, ancient, small, private, chief, few, fit

not, so, then, also, more, as, now, only, most, first, well, up, very, here, thus, therefore, onely, there, much, yet, out, never, together, too, before, rather, thereof, long, otherwise, in, no, ever, down, far, indeed, once, afterwards, again, even, still, finally, else, all, on, enough, generally, off, formerly, somewhat, away

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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