敦
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
敦 (radical 66, 攴+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜木人大 (YDOK), four-corner 08440, composition ⿰享攵)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 473, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13276
- Dae Jaweon: page 826, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1468, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6566
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
敦 |
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Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 敦 | ||
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Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
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弴 | *tjuː, *tuːn |
敦 | *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns |
錞 | *duːlʔ, *duːls, *djun |
憝 | *duːls |
憞 | *duːls |
譈 | *duːls |
鐓 | *duːls |
鷻 | *doːn |
鶉 | *doːn, *djun |
惇 | *tuːn, *tjun |
墩 | *tuːn |
驐 | *tuːn |
燉 | *tuːns, *tʰuːn, *duːn |
焞 | *tʰuːn, *djun |
啍 | *tʰuːn, *duːn |
暾 | *tʰuːn |
噋 | *tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ |
諄 | *tjun, *tjuns |
埻 | *tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ |
稕 | *tjuns |
醇 | *djun |
淳 | *djun |
犉 | *njun |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tuːl, *doːn, *tuːn, *tuːns): phonetic 𦎫 + semantic 攴 (“hand”)
Etymology 1[edit]
- “thick; earnest; plentiful; large”
- From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(t/d)ow-n (“thick”).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
- † angry
- to urge
- † to advise and encourage
- † diligent
- earnest; honest; generous
- † intimate
- † thick
- † plentiful; rich
- † large
- † to attach importance to; to esteem; to revere
- † to put something down with great force
- A river in Shanxi
- A surname.
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
- † to administer; to manage
- 敦商之旅,克咸厥功。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Duī Shāng zhī lǚ, kè xián jué gōng. [Pinyin]
- [Wu] disposed of the troops of Shang;
He and his men shared equally in the achievement.
- † solitary
- † to throw
- † to force upon
- 王事敦我,政事一埤遺我。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Wángshì duī wǒ, zhèngshì yī pí yí wǒ. [Pinyin]
- The king's business is thrown on me,
And the affairs of our government are left to me more and more.
王事敦我,政事一埤遗我。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Etymology 4[edit]
See 團 (OC *doːn).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
- † clustered
- † Alternative form of 團/团 (tuán, “round”).
- 有敦瓜苦,烝在栗薪。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yǒu tuán guā kǔ, zhēng zài lì xīn. [Pinyin]
- There were the round bitter gourds hanging,
From the branches of the chestnut trees.
Etymology 5[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
Etymology 6[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
Etymology 7[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
敦
- Only used in 敦恨.
Etymology 8[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 雕 (“to engrave; to inlay; to carve; carving; etc.”). (This character, 敦, is a variant form of 雕.) |
Etymology 9[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 燾 (“to illuminate everything; to cover; to envelope; etc.”). (This character, 敦, is a variant form of 燾.) |
Etymology 10[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 淳 (“thick; honest; etc.”). (This character, 敦, is a variant form of 淳.) |
Etymology 11[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 屯 (“village, hamlet; camp; etc.”). (This character, 敦, is a variant form of 屯.) |
Etymology 12[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 墩 (“mound; block of stone or wood; etc.”). (This character, 敦, is the second-round simplified form of 墩.) |
Notes:
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Etymology 13[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 礅 (“large stone”). (This character, 敦, is the second-round simplified form of 礅.) |
Notes:
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Etymology 14[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 蹾 (“to squat; to crouch”). (This character, 敦, is the second-round simplified form of 蹾.) |
Notes:
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Etymology 15[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 敦 – see 撉 (“to hold tight; to seize; to jolt; to thump”). (This character, 敦, is the second-round simplified form of 撉.) |
Notes:
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Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: とん (ton); たい (tai)
- Kan-on: とん (ton); たい (tai)
- Kan’yō-on: つい (tsui)
- Kun: あつい (atsui, 敦い)
- Nanori: あつし (atsushi); つとむ (tsutomu)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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敦 |
たい Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 敦 (MC tuʌi, tuən, duɑn, tuənH).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- A male given name
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
敦 • (don, toe) (hangeul 돈, 퇴, revised don, toe, McCune–Reischauer ton, t'oe, Yale ton, thoy)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
敦: Hán Việt readings: đôn (
敦: Nôm readings: đon[1][2][3][5][6][7], run[1][2][3][4][6][7], xôn[2][5][4], xun[3][5][6], đôn[3][4][7], giun[4][6][7], dun[4][6][7], don[4][6][7], dồn[1][2], ton[3][5], rủn[3][6], gion[5][6], chon[1], trôn[1], đun[1], dôn[3], giôn[3], đùn[3], đũn[6], dún[7]
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Nguyễn (2014).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 Trần (2004).
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Bonet (1899).
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Hồ (1976).
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 Génibrel (1898).
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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