Distant Reader - germanRenaissance-from-scholar

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-04-05 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 71 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,765,221 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 24,862 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 62. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

art, one, also, new, history, see, century, de, body, work, time, figure, like, first, university, two, fig, culture, visual, modern, london, press, german, image, death, renaissance, even, der, early, world, book, will, http, well, books, form, cultural, however, painting, many, danse, studies, within, life, works, may, und, ed, way, made

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Learning to see in the Pietist Orphanage : geometry, philanthropy and the science of perfection, 1695-1730, Beyond the Mirror, and The poetics of mid-Victorian scientific materialism in the writings of John Tyndall, W.K. Clifford and others.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

new york, art history, university press, visual culture, th century, danse macabre, early modern, mat nomat, set ttl, ikt trm, ttl mat, culture studies, de la, sixteenth century, db set, fifteenth century, et al, middle ages, see also, national gallery, des femmes, hans holbein, van der, cambridge university, nineteenth century, supra note, toc hypercell, southeast asia, la danse, late medieval, der weyden, data integration, german renaissance, new haven, rogier van, printed books, art historians, pagina pagina, chicago press, illustrated book, vienna school, mathematical reviews, guy marchant, modern art, macabre des, art historical, de france, illustrated books, proper treatise, oxford university

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Beyond the Mirror Arabic inscriptions and pseudo-inscriptions in Italian art, and A STRATIFICATION OF DEATH IN THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE: A RECONSIDERATION OF THE CADAVER TOMBS OF ENGLAND AND GERMANY.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

art, university, renaissance, press, history, london, german, new, figure, york, italian, john, god, europe, dürer, science, riegl, ibid, death, christ, cambridge, vol, vienna, strzygowski, st., society, rome, pmc, paris, museum, medieval, library, information, hans, form, fig, european, english, church, baroque, world, work, venice, toc, time, thomas, studies, spengler, saint, russian

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be art, and ''Paracelcus'' rediscovered: searching for the right dose of physical training is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

art, new, visual - Death and the illustrated book : printers, experimentation and the reinvention of the Danse macabre, 1485-c.1530s
und, der, francke - Learning to see in the Pietist Orphanage : geometry, philanthropy and the science of perfection, 1695-1730
art, history, german - Hitler and the churches, 1933-1939
body, new, media - Changes in the conceptualization of body and mind in Japanese popular culture, 1950 - 2015
like, munich, century - By now it should sound like music

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

i, t, l, o, r, c, art, e, p, h, history, body, time, �, century, n, p., a, work, d, figure, s, way, image, form, world, culture, book, death, v, g, part, example, space, life, books, images, works, fig, nature, order, artists, people, painting, viewer, design, chapter, study, text, research

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, was, be, are, were, have, �, had, has, see, been, made, based, und, used, die, published, do, being, printed, did, does, found, der, including, make, seen, ’s, according, become, became, known, s, using, given, called, described, following, considered, seems, seeing, illustrated, take, painted, find, am, know, included, making, set

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

e, t, s, r, i, f, u, h, c, n, o, l, d, �, a, y, university, g, press, london, new, renaissance, de, m, _, b, francke, von, art, la, danse, ’s, w, p, v, ed, york, pp, paris, cambridge, ibid, john, halle, des, m., museum, j., al, god, tyndall

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

i, it, his, he, their, its, they, we, her, my, them, she, our, you, him, me, itself, us, themselves, himself, one, your, myself, herself, ourselves, oneself, eds, thy, s, yourself, r1, mine, ’s, thee, ours, leèvre, au, ein, de-, theirs, rā, cxxxvv, yours, mathe-, him-/herself, f, z”26, p, je, irosolomi.no

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, such, new, visual, more, -, same, own, early, many, modern, first, german, different, �, cultural, historical, social, human, important, political, several, most, real, similar, physical, particular, specific, architectural, italian, natural, possible, late, artistic, great, second, certain, contemporary, much, various, able, common, religious, true, large, christian, central, individual, scientific, popular

not, also, only, more, so, even, as, however, well, most, up, then, here, very, out, thus, rather, often, especially, still, now, just, later, first, together, already, n’t, too, back, never, always, there, perhaps, instead, far, much, again, therefore, particularly, once, yet, on, further, actually, indeed, almost, clearly, down, specifically, away

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.