quadgram

This is a table of type quadgram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

quadgram	frequency
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus	254
reproductive and respiratory syndrome	201
porcine reproductive and respiratory	201
and respiratory syndrome virus	169
in the presence of	157
of porcine epidemic diarrhea	128
in the present study	113
avian infectious bronchitis virus	112
of infectious bronchitis virus	111
severe acute respiratory syndrome	87
feline infectious peritonitis virus	86
for the detection of	85
in the absence of	81
in the united states	79
as shown in fig	78
of porcine reproductive and	74
of avian infectious bronchitis	70
the end of the	69
of feline infectious peritonitis	59
of the s protein	59
middle east respiratory syndrome	59
a member of the	56
used in this study	56
has been shown to	55
of the s gene	55
phylogenetic analysis of the	54
on the other hand	54
were found to be	52
w i t h	51
rna was extracted from	50
of mouse hepatitis virus	48
sequence analysis of the	46
in the case of	46
on the surface of	46
isolation and characterization of	45
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus	45
the s gene of	45
an important role in	44
a t e d	43
was found to be	43
cells were infected with	42
east respiratory syndrome coronavirus	42
amino acid sequences of	41
infectious bursal disease virus	40
t h a t	40
t i o n	39
this work was supported	39
in the middle east	39
for the presence of	38
it is possible that	38
washed three times with	37
the s protein of	37
incubated for h at	36
and phylogenetic analysis of	36
of transmissible gastroenteritis virus	35
in vitro and in	35
on the basis of	35
t t t t	34
as well as the	34
at a multiplicity of	33
vitro and in vivo	33
the antiviral activity of	33
congo hemorrhagic fever virus	33
work was supported by	33
was used as a	33
the reciprocal of the	33
at an moi of	32
the cells were washed	32
studies have shown that	32
a n t i	32
the sequence of the	31
are shown in table	31
added to each well	31
at the end of	31
at a concentration of	31
similar to that of	31
as the reciprocal of	30
the amino acid sequence	30
version of this article	30
nucleotide and amino acid	30
is available to authorized	30
epidemic diarrhea virus in	30
the online version of	30
was added to each	30
which is available to	30
available to authorized users	30
in the genbank database	30
online version of this	30
was detected in the	30
molecular evolutionary genetics analysis	29
at room temperature for	29
have been shown to	29
the pi k akt	29
in the s gene	29
a multiplicity of infection	29
it has been shown	29
reciprocal of the highest	29
a t i o	29
this is the first	28
on taxonomy of viruses	28
of infectious bursal disease	28
play an important role	28
similar to those of	28
been shown to be	28
in the pathogenesis of	28
the presence of the	27
of herpes simplex virus	27
the international committee on	27
to that of the	27
international committee on taxonomy	27
members of the family	27
sequences of the s	27
committee on taxonomy of	27
nucleotide sequence of the	26
h n and h	26
of vesicular stomatitis virus	26
binding domain of hdag	26
were washed three times	26
acid sequences of the	26
of severe acute respiratory	26
is one of the	26
these results suggest that	26
of influenza a virus	26
n and h n	26
pi k akt pathway	26
are listed in table	26
has been shown that	25
the specificity of the	25
the porcine epidemic diarrhea	25
t a n t	25
minute virus of canines	25
p e d v	25
on the cell surface	25
f i p v	25
the nucleotide sequences of	25
as a result of	25
to those of the	25
it has been reported	25
at the time of	25
the plates were incubated	25
phylogenetic analysis based on	25
than that of the	24
by the addition of	24
in this study were	24
the recombinant s protein	24
a large number of	24
were obtained from the	24
was not detected in	24
and characterization of a	24
was found in the	24
as shown in table	24
an equal volume of	24
viral rna was extracted	24
of hepatitis c virus	24
the results showed that	24
american type culture collection	24
complete genome sequence of	24
deduced amino acid sequences	24
with fetal bovine serum	23
three times with pbs	23
the pedv s protein	23
herpes simplex virus type	23
h at room temperature	23
cells were inoculated with	23
as well as in	23
one of the most	23
h n influenza virus	22
may be due to	22
of equine arteritis virus	22
were washed twice with	22
has been reported to	22
in mouse spleen cells	22
was added to the	22
a n d t	21
were detected in the	21
korean pedv field isolates	21
the structural proteins of	21
by any of the	21
this study was to	21
r p h a	21
at a dilution of	21
of this study was	21
in the number of	21
was performed using a	21
of the porcine epidemic	21
was performed using the	20
of the viral genome	20
i n e d	20
u m a n	20
expressed as the reciprocal	20
the sequences of the	20
the sensitivity of the	20
of the family coronaviridae	20
per cent of the	20
of the international committee	20
are summarized in table	20
for h at room	20
phylogenetic tree based on	20
in addition to the	20
of the amino acid	20
these results indicate that	20
cells were washed with	20
supplemented with fetal bovine	20
of the genome of	20
that they have no	20
at the same time	20
t a i n	20
cells were maintained in	20
p a r e	20
the results of the	20
the cells were then	19
presence or absence of	19
coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus	19
has been reported that	19
r a b b	19
with an equal volume	19
cells were grown in	19
h u m a	19
m e t h	19
t h a n	19
samples were collected from	19
associated with diarrhea in	19
a b b i	19
in the s protein	19
declare that they have	19
the authors declare that	19
of the present study	19
h n influenza viruses	19
b b i t	19
the present study was	19
was kindly provided by	19
to be involved in	19
important role in the	19
restriction fragment length polymorphism	19
no conflict of interest	19
was isolated from a	19
be involved in the	19
were incubated for h	19
cells were treated with	19
of middle east respiratory	19
was supported by the	18
analysis based on the	18
the cells were incubated	18
amino acid sequence identity	18
that were positive for	18
results showed that the	18
arg dq ck ch	18
the causative agent of	18
the amino acid sequences	18
the american type culture	18
kindly provided by dr	18
the spike protein of	18
to mouse hepatitis virus	18
of the structural proteins	18
was used as the	18
m a b s	18
of tobacco mosaic virus	18
well tissue culture plates	18
by the method of	18
the surface of the	18
authors declare that they	18
cells were cultured in	18
complete nucleotide sequence of	18
any of the authors	18
play a role in	17
with mouse hepatitis virus	17
for min at room	17
in any of the	17
identification of a novel	17
is possible that the	17
c t i v	17
was shown to be	17
these data suggest that	17
when compared to the	17
analysis of the complete	17
coding region of the	17
performed by any of	17
respiratory tract infections in	17
and sequence analysis of	17
in cells infected with	17
more closely related to	17
clarified by centrifugation at	17
mouse hepatitis virus strain	17
of the small intestine	17
were found in the	17
t r a t	17
phylogenetic trees were constructed	17
n d t h	17
porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses	17
amino acid sequence of	17
t h o d	17
total rna was extracted	17
in contrast to the	17
infectious bronchitis virus in	17
a c t i	17
porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus	17
of the s glycoprotein	17
cells were incubated with	17
the presence or absence	17
min at room temperature	17
e t h o	17
the vereflu tm assay	16
e p a r	16
this article does not	16
with acute gastroenteritis in	16
does not contain any	16
conflict of interest the	16
the nucleotide sequence of	16
is involved in the	16
mouse hepatitis virus type	16
in the cytoplasm of	16
plays an important role	16
most closely related to	16
article does not contain	16
transcription polymerase chain reaction	16
in a previous study	16
transmissible gastroenteritis virus and	16
analysis of the s	16
respiratory syndrome virus in	16
based on the complete	16
porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus	16
were expressed as the	16
the n gene of	16
a better understanding of	16
member of the family	16
h n viral infection	16
c o n t	16
the presence of a	16
in this study are	16
the majority of the	16
was obtained from the	16
has not yet been	16
in accordance with the	16
it was found that	16
r e p a	16
in the current study	16
were shown to be	16
d t h e	16
these results indicated that	16
compared with those of	16
with feline infectious peritonitis	16
in this study was	16
report of the international	16
in the feces of	16
at different time points	16
the n protein of	16
in the presence or	16
members of the genus	16
could be detected in	16
better understanding of the	15
ctf virus and eya	15
colorado tick fever virus	15
m m u n	15
and molecular characterization of	15
federal republic of germany	15
was performed as described	15
results indicate that the	15
i n u t	15
the molecular biology of	15
with those of the	15
the s proteins of	15
cell differentiation survival factors	15
p r e p	15
b o d y	15
eya virus strain fr	15
strains of infectious bronchitis	15
nucleotide sequences of the	15
and then incubated with	15
reverse transcription polymerase chain	15
amino acid sequence similarity	15
member of the genus	15
it was shown that	15
of the virus in	15
as a source of	15
infectious bronchitis virus isolates	15
s t r a	15
t i b o	15
of the highest serum	15
region of the s	15
the purpose of this	15
have no conflict of	15
of interest the authors	15
m i n u	15
closely related to the	15
the s and s	15
i m m u	15
from the american type	15
been reported to be	15
cells were washed twice	15
end of the genome	15
c e n t	15
n t i b	15
n u t e	15
the highest serum dilution	15
i b o d	15
of the infected cells	15
tree based on the	15
of the orf la	14
have been reported in	14
in the respiratory tract	14
pellet was resuspended in	14
the pcr products were	14
virus and eya virus	14
as a negative control	14
would like to thank	14
o n t a	14
were observed in the	14
care and use of	14
were added to the	14
the upper respiratory tract	14
the s glycoprotein of	14
the antiviral effect of	14
not contain any studies	14
there was no significant	14
and the cells were	14
complete genome sequences of	14
plates were incubated for	14
of hepatitis a virus	14
compared to those of	14
bovine viral diarrhea virus	14
was similar to that	14
of t h e	14
the presence of trypsin	14
a portion of the	14
it is likely that	14
and genetic characterization of	14
influenza a and b	14
analysis was performed using	14
a r e d	14
we found that the	14
is the first report	14
using polymerase chain reaction	14
lower respiratory tract infections	14
the orf la protein	14
e n t r	14
as a receptor for	14
pcd and vero cells	14
n t a i	14
is a member of	14
the care and use	14
have shown that the	14
disease control and prevention	14
detection of respiratory viruses	14
samples were obtained from	14
polymerase chain reaction and	14
for the first time	14
have been isolated from	14
peripheral blood mononuclear cells	14
tested for the presence	14
u t e s	14
e d b y	14
epidemic diarrhea virus infection	14
proteolytic cleavage of the	14
for the care and	14
assay for the detection	14
has been suggested to	13
of the highest dilution	13
of prrsv and pedv	13
in children with acute	13
r a t i	13
contain any studies with	13
the deduced amino acid	13
of ctf virus and	13
n i n g	13
r e a t	13
they have no conflict	13
used to determine the	13
higher than that of	13
f gene dna vaccine	13
t r e a	13
the incidence of covid	13
within the s gene	13
in the serum of	13
end of the experiment	13
m i n e	13
was observed in the	13
for the development of	13
it has been suggested	13
california hare coltivirus s	13
a final extension at	13
for an additional h	13
can be used to	13
the small intestine of	13
could not be detected	13
s protein of the	13
the united states and	13
for disease control and	13
the s protein is	13
s gene of infectious	13
be due to the	13
v i t y	13
of p e d	13
by the presence of	13
human immunodeficiency virus type	13
kindly supplied by dr	13
the first report of	13
in the natural host	13
has been reported in	13
it has been demonstrated	13
and incubated for h	13
a wide variety of	13
epithelial cells of the	13
in the phylogenetic tree	13
animals performed by any	13
for m i n	13
identical to that of	13
mouse hepatitis virus infection	13
by the end of	13
the f gene dna	13
infectious bronchitis virus and	13
i v i t	13
gene of infectious bronchitis	13
have been reported to	13
studies with human participants	13
previous studies have shown	13
in the form of	13
g for min at	13
incubated for min at	13
cloning and sequencing of	13
titers were expressed as	13
igg and iga antibodies	13
infectious peritonitis virus infection	13
was no significant difference	13
t i v i	13
with the exception of	13
for h and then	13
h prior to infection	13
is shown in fig	13
followed by cycles of	13
with the plasma membrane	13
was extracted from the	13
mutations in the s	12
revealed the presence of	12
of the n gene	12
incubated at room temperature	12
infectious bronchitis virus serotypes	12
be responsible for the	12
the s genes of	12
when synthesized in the	12
phylogenetic analysis of porcine	12
in order to determine	12
characterization and phylogenetic analysis	12
a high degree of	12
in the same manner	12
for min and then	12
n t r a	12
are shown in fig	12
and amino acid sequence	12
cells were washed three	12
any studies with human	12
was defined as the	12
has been suggested that	12
t u r e	12
with severe acute respiratory	12
was carried out in	12
terminal region of the	12
of semliki forest virus	12
the function of the	12
the structure of the	12
by western blot analysis	12
balb c mice were	12
have been found to	12
an increase in the	12
the rest of the	12
member viruses of the	12
related to those of	12
respiratory syndrome virus replication	12
interesting to note that	12
with acute respiratory tract	12
m e d i	12
was first reported in	12
infectious bronchitis virus isolated	12
in p b s	12
of influenza a viruses	12
of the cleavage site	12
the early stage of	12
the course of the	12
were washed with pbs	12
based on the s	12
in the s subunit	12
was approved by the	12
ethical approval this article	12
e r u m	12
detected in this study	12
available in the genbank	12
the simultaneous detection of	12
s e r u	12
were clarified by centrifugation	12
piglets born to immunized	12
b p h f	12
for the simultaneous detection	12
used in the present	12
rna was detected in	12
and vero cells were	12
of the family reoviridae	12
are closely related to	12
were seen in the	12
are involved in the	12
of respiratory viruses in	12
washed twice with pbs	12
interest the authors declare	12
the presence of sqe	12
m a t e	12
of the orf gene	12
genomic rna and sg	12
were similar to those	12
with diarrhea in swine	11
and characterization of porcine	11
higher than that in	11
at the level of	11
h n avian influenza	11
plays a role in	11
identification and characterization of	11
simian hemorrhagic fever virus	11
to be important for	11
the dub activity of	11
samples that were positive	11
terminal side of the	11
the presence of membranes	11
the presence of m	11
and genetic diversity of	11
ck ch ldl i	11
common differentially expressed genes	11
the cell lysates were	11
of the most important	11
acute respiratory distress syndrome	11
classical and novel ibvs	11
was expressed as the	11
our understanding of the	11
antibodies were detected in	11
performed as described previously	11
is thought to be	11
was based on the	11
and deduced amino acid	11
against feline infectious peritonitis	11
evidence of natural recombination	11
of the murine coronavirus	11
rna and sg mrna	11
s gene of the	11
the genome of the	11
the origin of the	11
cells were transfected with	11
i n i n	11
the porcine reproductive and	11
cells were incubated for	11
of minute virus of	11
epidemic diarrhea virus spike	11
r a t e	11
in the development of	11
a m i n	11
the remainder of the	11
in the small intestine	11
s h e d	11
a i n i	11
w a s h	11
it is important to	11
of colorado tick fever	11
to porcine reproductive and	11
it is clear that	11
molecular characterization and phylogenetic	11
approval this article does	11
rna was extracted using	11
cells infected with the	11
been suggested to be	11
sequence and phylogenetic analysis	11
diarrhea virus spike protein	11
a s h e	11
the complete nucleotide sequence	11
of kipyv and wupyv	11
and the presence of	11
of the host cell	11
had no effect on	11
were designed based on	11
method of estimating fifty	11
the nature of the	11
cells as described previously	11
t h r o	11
prevalence of respiratory viruses	11
from three independent experiments	11
the feline infectious peritonitis	11
purified using a qiaquick	11
effusion disease in rabbits	11
infertility and respiratory syndrome	11
in clone infected cells	11
in the sera of	11
in vivo and in	11
simple method of estimating	11
from the cleavage site	11
as a cause of	11
european bat lyssavirus type	11
assay for detection of	11
viruses belonging to the	11
other members of the	11
a i n e	11
of the h n	11
or animals performed by	11
of hepatitis delta virus	11
m e n t	11
a and b viruses	11
studies are needed to	11
the size of the	11
were used in the	11
cycles of denaturation at	11
were used as a	11
and the plates were	11
of the virus to	11
has been reported for	11
swine infertility and respiratory	11
a simple method of	11
the complete genome sequences	11
characterization of a novel	11
and hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus	11
the genome sequence of	11
the nucleotide and amino	11
is located in the	11
monoclonal antibodies to the	11
medium was replaced with	11
the presence of monensin	10
we were able to	10
other pedv reference strains	10
was supported in part	10
may be involved in	10
have been identified in	10
it has been proposed	10
as a positive control	10
of the feline infectious	10
sequences available in the	10
from the united states	10
classification and nomenclature of	10
as the gene source	10
twice with pbs and	10
phylogenetic tree was constructed	10
authors would like to	10
the plates were washed	10
the hmg box of	10
of h n influenza	10
the authors would like	10
n d e d	10
the absence of trypsin	10
detection and genetic characterization	10
the case of the	10
a simple method for	10
mixed with an equal	10
t e m p	10
serotypes of infectious bronchitis	10
is worth noting that	10
with human participants or	10
was determined to be	10
to be positive for	10
of f i p	10
acute respiratory tract infections	10
supported by a grant	10
a wide range of	10
the middle east and	10
the ability of the	10
and transmissible gastroenteritis virus	10
and use of animals	10
and amino acid sequences	10
orf a and orf	10
increase in the number	10
used as a template	10
by the use of	10
results suggest that the	10
a role in the	10
at the cell surface	10
of the n protein	10
neutralizing antibodies in the	10
to be associated with	10
viruses isolated in korea	10
pcr products were purified	10
coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis	10
this suggests that the	10
of the gene encoding	10
the gene encoding the	10
obtained from the american	10
of the two viruses	10
at the amino acid	10
and baff mrna expression	10
the highest dilution of	10
spf and fip cats	10
depletion of cellular cholesterol	10
aminopeptidase n is a	10
specific igg and iga	10
amino acids in the	10
epidemic diarrhea virus strains	10
d w i t	10
economic losses in the	10
was carried out using	10
for the study of	10
as a member of	10
h n influenza a	10
pleural effusion disease in	10
have been observed in	10
is considered to be	10
characterization of monoclonal antibodies	10
participants or animals performed	10
the effect of the	10
it should be noted	10
like strain of porcine	10
the indirect fluorescent antibody	10
swabs were collected from	10
described in materials and	10
pathogenesis of feline infectious	10
for h at rt	10
the possibility that the	10
v i r u	10
the gene source of	10
we would like to	10
significant difference in the	10
the differences in the	10
is interesting to note	10
dependent enhancement of feline	10
d a n d	10
to the cell surface	10
of the viral envelope	10
serial dilutions of the	10
the l proteins of	10
human participants or animals	10
our data indicate that	10
purpose of this study	10
in a number of	10
the pedv vaccine strain	10
in an attempt to	10
detection of antibody to	10
lower than that of	10
enhancement of feline infectious	10
binding domain of the	10
developed in this study	10
vero cells were infected	10
in a variety of	10
infected or infected with	10
by electron microscopy in	10
coronaviruses as the gene	10
parts of the world	10
the complete genome sequence	10
recombination within the s	10
for the detection and	10
the detection limit of	10
chain reaction and restriction	10
had a titer of	10
u t a n	10
fecal samples were collected	10
as described in the	10
in the s and	10
results are summarized in	10
no significant difference in	10
were determined by the	10
it is interesting to	10
and nomenclature of viruses	10
n a t e	10
one day prior to	10
at h after infection	10
side of the cleavage	10
of these viruses in	10
e d w i	10
has been proposed that	10
weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome	10
a phylogenetic tree was	10
children with acute respiratory	10
mixture was incubated at	10
ade of fipv infection	10
were compared with those	10
analysis of the orf	10
m u t a	10
strain of porcine epidemic	10
coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus	10
d v i m	10
to transmissible gastroenteritis virus	10
were used as the	10
observed in this study	10
a comparison of the	10
in f infected cells	10
sequence of the s	10
in materials and methods	10
porcine epidemic diarrhea in	10
synthesized in the presence	10
it is worth noting	10
by polymerase chain reaction	10
for the identification of	10
a final concentration of	10
and simian hemorrhagic fever	10
as a template for	10
of newcastle disease virus	10
the s subunit of	10
amino acid changes in	10
the length of the	10
different from that of	10
in cats with fip	10
as well as with	10
the amino acid level	10
genes of porcine epidemic	10
of members of the	10
were examined using a	9
length genome sequence of	9
the mixture was incubated	9
structural proteins of the	9
e n d e	9
n c u b	9
as a function of	9
that the use of	9
molecular weights of the	9
the presence of an	9
d e d in	9
for excellent technical assistance	9
the member viruses of	9
we were unable to	9
under the same conditions	9
acid sequence of the	9
ctf virus strain florio	9
analysis of infectious bronchitis	9
d i u m	9
involved in the pathogenesis	9
n t e r	9
g l u t	9
predicted amino acid sequences	9
characterization of a coronavirus	9
estimating fifty percent endpoints	9
e m b r	9
qiaquick pcr purification kit	9
the evolution of the	9
the detection of porcine	9
s a n d	9
terminal half of the	9
evolutionary genetics analysis version	9
products were analyzed by	9
of bovine coronavirus in	9
were submitted to the	9
c u b a	9
is in agreement with	9
of the coronavirus avian	9
t g e v	9
sensitivity and specificity of	9
of bovine torovirus in	9
have been reported for	9
amino acids of the	9
under the control of	9
spike glycoprotein cleavage recognition	9
as described in materials	9
the complete genome of	9
p h f virus	9
closely related to those	9
e d a n	9
infected tissue culture fluid	9
at the nucleotide level	9
viral antigen positive cells	9
has been found to	9
a grant from the	9
incubated for an additional	9
studies are required to	9
was extracted using a	9
in the emergence of	9
a t e r	9
structure and function of	9
hepatitis virus strain a	9
and characterization of the	9
e r a t	9
e glycoprotein of murine	9
e x a m	9
was not due to	9
of fipv and fecv	9
of natural recombination within	9
that the amino acid	9
i i f test	9
than years of age	9
from that of the	9
m p e r	9
a continuous cell line	9
have been associated with	9
of the family picornaviridae	9
of the genome and	9
m b e r	9
a t u r	9
at g for min	9
were carried out with	9
with bovine serum albumin	9
the results show that	9
phylogenetic trees based on	9
of the polymerase gene	9
nucleotide and deduced amino	9
pcr was performed using	9
the use of a	9
also been shown to	9
were purified using a	9
the replication of prrsv	9
our results indicate that	9
related to each other	9
for the production of	9
us porcine epidemic diarrhea	9
has been used to	9
of the e protein	9
p e r a	9
acid changes in the	9
no significant differences in	9
the replication cycle of	9
to further investigate the	9
like particle associated with	9
the s protein was	9
was carried out by	9
of the virus of	9
can be divided into	9
economic losses to the	9
a and orf b	9
the e glycoprotein of	9
below the species level	9
to each other and	9
plant virus movement proteins	9
foot and mouth disease	9
r n a from	9
present study was to	9
are similar to those	9
i t y of	9
a total volume of	9
the infected cells were	9
after removal of the	9
clinical signs of ped	9
natural recombination within the	9
is similar to that	9
the culture supernatant was	9
was used for the	9
with each other and	9
cleavage of the s	9
belongs to the family	9
have been detected in	9
belongs to the genus	9
ttt ttt ttt ttt	9
of the pi k	9
was detected in of	9
s protein of pedv	9
in feline infectious peritonitis	9
have been due to	9
of the mhv n	9
was carried out at	9
molecular biology of coronaviruses	9
mg kg body weight	9
virus was isolated from	9
cells were incubated at	9
until the end of	9
with prrsv at an	9
serum samples were collected	9
the synthesis of the	9
the nucleocapsid protein of	9
t h e m	9
x g for min	9
with those of other	9
prrsv at an moi	9
statistical analysis was performed	9
has also been shown	9
to be closely related	9
u b a t	9
is known about the	9
i n c u	9
detected in of the	9
the central nervous system	9
i n t e	9
the major structural proteins	9
the detection of the	9
end of the s	9
the prevalence of respiratory	9
were also detected in	9
deposited in the genbank	9
diarrhea virus in the	9
r a t u	9
in mouse hepatitis virus	9
with a mixture of	9
to nm in diameter	9
has been demonstrated that	9
against the s protein	9
variants of porcine epidemic	9
the coronavirus avian infectious	9
the results of this	9
vivo and in vitro	9
infection of feline macrophages	9
the alignment of the	9
cells were fixed with	9
fatal and nonfatal cases	9
epidemic diarrhea virus strain	9
of the e glycoprotein	9
to the lack of	9
and hsp bind to	9
guidelines for the care	9
isolation and identification of	9
this study was supported	9
were found to have	9
t e r i	9
were the same as	9
i e o p	9
avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis	9
the h n virus	9
fragment length polymorphism analysis	9
strains of avian infectious	9
the polymerase chain reaction	9
and feline enteric coronavirus	9
the cell culture adapted	9
by agarose gel electrophoresis	9
of a number of	9
viruses of the genus	9
of the d strain	9
of infectious bronchitis viruses	9
have been described in	9
x a m i	9
of the sequence of	9
e d i u	9
it is known that	9
results indicated that the	9
concentration of mg ml	9
particle associated with diarrhea	9
method for the detection	9
protein of amino acids	9
identified in this study	9
pepper mild mottle virus	9
detection limit of the	9
is a receptor for	8
relationship of the feline	8
infected cells at hpi	8
the peplomer protein of	8
has not been reported	8
were performed according to	8
molecular characterization of a	8
end of the first	8
a and o isolates	8
the i i f	8
was measured using a	8
was not affected by	8
n influenza viruses in	8
the s protein gene	8
remains to be determined	8
use of animals were	8
found to be positive	8
of korean ibv isolates	8
to feline infectious peritonitis	8
center for biotechnology information	8
in the detection of	8
the emergence of new	8
detection and identification of	8
from the genbank database	8
s p e n	8
of the spike protein	8
complete genome characterization of	8
comprising coronaviridae and arteriviridae	8
isolated from domestic ducks	8
the prevalence of the	8
t h e s	8
be one of the	8
m e m b	8
as the cause of	8
was first detected in	8
used as a negative	8
the phylogenetic tree based	8
analysis of porcine epidemic	8
of the coat protein	8
highly pathogenic avian influenza	8
recovery and characterization of	8
have the ability to	8
of estimating fifty percent	8
our results suggest that	8
included in this study	8
cholesterol is required for	8
s and n genes	8
plates were coated with	8
compared to that of	8
and its relationship to	8
differentially expressed genes in	8
morbidity and mortality in	8
p e n d	8
virus of infant mice	8
characterization of a new	8
of the n molecule	8
purpose of the present	8
african a and o	8
the phylogenetic analysis of	8
of human metapneumovirus in	8
of viral rna in	8
clinical signs of diarrhea	8
the fatal and nonfatal	8
to be responsible for	8
and a final extension	8
to bind to rna	8
of the arterivirus group	8
the amino terminus of	8
was funded by the	8
a new order comprising	8
the circulation rate of	8
were identified in the	8
of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis	8
sequence of the genome	8
in the course of	8
is consistent with the	8
during the course of	8
was performed using an	8
cleavage of the e	8
at the aa level	8
were infected with prrsv	8
human metapneumovirus infection in	8
at the surface of	8
detection of bovine torovirus	8
was constructed using the	8
and the results are	8
to the s gene	8
b e r of	8
crystal structure of the	8
vero cells were inoculated	8
resembles that of the	8
was amplified by pcr	8
of swine infertility and	8
n c e n	8
infection of pigs with	8
sequencing and analysis of	8
obtained in this study	8
r o u g	8
was calculated using the	8
in the same way	8
and lower respiratory tract	8
to porcine epidemic diarrhea	8
assays for detection of	8
glycoprotein of murine coronavirus	8
have also been reported	8
the original pdcov oh	8
in the epithelial cells	8
were infected at an	8
for h in the	8
antigenic relationship of the	8
porcine epidemic abortion and	8
influenza a h n	8
was also detected in	8
interferon in mouse spleen	8
could be used to	8
that there was a	8
the mechanism by which	8
hmg box of sry	8
the kakegawa strain of	8
was kindly supplied by	8
plates were incubated at	8
i n f e	8
coronaviruses of other species	8
was significantly higher than	8
was observed between the	8
are members of the	8
was obtained from dr	8
was determined using a	8
we are grateful to	8
feline infectious peritonitis and	8
has also been reported	8
based on the sequence	8
the molecular epidemiology of	8
from domestic ducks in	8
that h n viruses	8
i s oligo ibv	8
new variants of porcine	8
m and orf genes	8
the genetic diversity of	8
h a t the	8
and h n influenza	8
with any of the	8
for porcine epidemic diarrhea	8
amino acid sequences were	8
were determined using a	8
t h e n	8
u s p e	8
f e c t	8
a part of the	8
in the upper respiratory	8
further studies are required	8
s and s subunits	8
and function of the	8
were closely related to	8
induction of neutralizing antibodies	8
that the majority of	8
is dependent on the	8
results of the present	8
the viral life cycle	8
moi of for h	8
during the study period	8
has been proposed to	8
and the lack of	8
the nt level and	8
abortion and respiratory syndrome	8
e m p e	8
of korean pedv field	8
the region of the	8
were washed once with	8
to be due to	8
cells in the presence	8
feline infectious peritonitis in	8
have not yet been	8
institutional guidelines for the	8
stained with hematoxylin and	8
the sensitivity and specificity	8
glycoprotein cleavage recognition site	8
in field isolates of	8
african green monkey kidney	8
conserved regions of the	8
the lower respiratory tract	8
r e n t	8
hsp bind to the	8
of the vp gene	8
were considered statistically significant	8
in the genomes of	8
a total of fecal	8
tissue culture infectious dose	8
u m b e	8
were recovered in the	8
u g a t	8
the cells were maintained	8
in suckling mouse brain	8
were included in the	8
epidemic abortion and respiratory	8
and cloned into the	8
be closely related to	8
samples were subjected to	8
a phylogenetic tree based	8
of the pcr products	8
of neonatal calf diarrhea	8
t h e r	8
t m e n	8
supported in part by	8
the inhibitory effect of	8
products were purified using	8
and n genes of	8
much higher than that	8
gastroenteritis virus and porcine	8
in a humidified co	8
kg body weight day	8
were used as negative	8
were tested for the	8
was first isolated in	8
a source of antigen	8
a broad range of	8
the purpose of the	8
of the three viruses	8
respiratory syndrome coronavirus in	8
compared to those in	8
is not required for	8
children with acute gastroenteritis	8
c o n c	8
a n d centrifuged	8
of the viral rna	8
genetic diversity of human	8
the bhm and bj	8
of the pedv s	8
in the formation of	8
complete sequence of the	8
of the s and	8
was carried out as	8
antibody to rodent coronaviruses	8
with hematoxylin and eosin	8
acute respiratory tract infection	8
reading of the manuscript	8
order comprising coronaviridae and	8
the hepatitis c virus	8
of porcine epidemic diarrhoea	8
at the nt level	8
to members of the	8
s u s p	8
are known to be	8
designed based on the	8
related to transmissible gastroenteritis	8
neutralizing antibodies against the	8
female balb c mice	8
be found in the	8
by mouse hepatitis virus	8
been found to be	8
gene of porcine epidemic	8
of the subfamily paramyxovirinae	8
due to the high	8
on the s protein	8
of hepatitis e virus	8
in hong kong in	8
national center for biotechnology	8
the orf and orf	8
rift valley fever virus	8
analysis showed that the	8
the development of a	8
isolation of the virus	8
n f e c	8
amino acid identity between	8
should be noted that	8
after incubation for h	8
by a grant from	8
for min at rt	8
of animals were followed	8
it is conceivable that	8
i r u s	8
glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis	8
results are shown in	8
prevalence and genetic diversity	8
were isolated from the	8
is likely to be	8
against porcine reproductive and	8
diarrhea virus in china	8
and the percentage of	8
of avian coronavirus ibv	8
was supported by a	8
n u m b	8
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	8
was used to detect	8
infect and replicate in	8
the cultures were incubated	8
acknowledgements this work was	8
university school of medicine	8
were carried out in	8
it was reported that	8
cells were infected at	8
pcr assay for the	8
these findings indicate that	8
an moi of for	8
the culture medium was	8
at room temperature and	8
i s e r	8
m c ha titer	8
this study showed that	8
in st cells and	8
polymerase chain reaction for	8
new order comprising coronaviridae	8
o n c e	8
less than years of	7
room temperature for min	7
via the conjunctival sac	7
number of infected cells	7
in the n gene	7
are located in the	7
it was concluded that	7
of a per cent	7
the assembly of the	7
t u d y	7
of virions by trypsin	7
for h prior to	7
p e r cent	7
of avian influenza viruses	7
this research was supported	7
epidemic diarrhea virus from	7
of snap or la	7
the cytoplasm of the	7
strains from the usa	7
the s and n	7
of the nucleocapsid protein	7
infected with the same	7
and the development of	7
coronavirus spike protein is	7
the cell surface and	7
a t t e	7
for each of the	7
the absence of the	7
b r a n	7
was determined by the	7
hepatitis c virus in	7
the authors thank dr	7
the same group as	7
cycles of s at	7
data were analyzed using	7
a novel variant of	7
rna was reverse transcribed	7
characterization of the fusion	7
of a coronavirus from	7
peptides p and p	7
pedv field isolates and	7
with rna from hrv	7
of viral antigen positive	7
were performed using the	7
antibody titers to the	7
sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide	7
a single open reading	7
d d e d	7
and separation of two	7
determined by plaque assay	7
to the swine industry	7
blocked with bovine serum	7
in order to identify	7
in the middle of	7
there was no difference	7
and or institutional guidelines	7
either one of the	7
order to determine the	7
pcr products were analyzed	7
a r e n	7
was present in the	7
it was proposed that	7
antibodies to bovine coronavirus	7
activity of virions by	7
a p p a	7
the activation of the	7
and partial characterization of	7
the results are shown	7
ck ch lhn i	7
fusion of the viral	7
enteritis in infant mice	7
infection with mouse hepatitis	7
new porcine enteric coronavirus	7
expression level of the	7
the viral envelope and	7
eya virus strain gr	7
viral rna was detected	7
virus in the united	7
in the early stage	7
r n a t	7
development and application of	7
of cells infected with	7
was carried out with	7
in porcine nidovirus infection	7
mock infected or infected	7
with fetal calf serum	7
play important roles in	7
the spread of the	7
method of reed and	7
pathogenic porcine reproductive and	7
during the assembly of	7
was constructed by the	7
s t u d	7
to the emergence of	7
these results demonstrate that	7
the jejunum and ileum	7
the late stage of	7
emergence of porcine epidemic	7
and analysis of the	7
trees were constructed using	7
of the first week	7
the right hand end	7
a and o viruses	7
were detected using a	7
that the recombinant s	7
used as a positive	7
was supported by grants	7
consistent with previous reports	7
of p and p	7
or infected with prrsv	7
of the presence of	7
in the region of	7
p p a r	7
the predicted amino acid	7
these data indicate that	7
cells were used for	7
of bovine enteric coronavirus	7
by cycles of denaturation	7
the same as the	7
in cells treated with	7
baff mrna expression levels	7
sasa quelpaertensis nakai extract	7
the national center for	7
synthesized in the absence	7
c d n a	7
causative agent of porcine	7
the lack of a	7
were washed with cold	7
in the circulation rate	7
minute virus of mice	7
portion of the s	7
number of virus particles	7
based on phylogenetic analysis	7
were more closely related	7
trypsin and separation of	7
infants and young children	7
were cloned into the	7
the respiratory tract of	7
i o n of	7
the small and large	7
t a t e	7
a n d p	7
e a t m	7
putative movement proteins of	7
vesicular stomatitis virus by	7
the results obtained by	7
infected cells were maintained	7
bind to the mhv	7
work was supported in	7
cells were used as	7
and virus titers were	7
a protein of amino	7
the immunogenicity of the	7
nucleotide sequence analysis of	7
g protein of vsv	7
outbreaks in the middle	7
the method of reed	7
of the coronavirus group	7
sections were stained with	7
that the prevalence of	7
separation of two different	7
were carried out at	7
of the porcine reproductive	7
different k cleavage fragments	7
in the city of	7
amino acid sequence homology	7
infectious peritonitis virus to	7
to the presence of	7
and biological properties of	7
the expression levels of	7
products were analyzed on	7
from a total of	7
member of the coronavirus	7
proteins during the assembly	7
the emergence of a	7
t i s e	7
c t e d	7
is closely related to	7
a t m e	7
the expression of the	7
variant serotypes of infectious	7
of two different k	7
respiratory syndrome virus infection	7
nucleotide sequence identity with	7
no conflicts of interest	7
in the control group	7
antibody titers were expressed	7
antigen positive cells were	7
single open reading frame	7
of the he protein	7
samples were collected at	7
have the potential to	7
risk of hev infection	7
reactions were carried out	7
r a n e	7
was used to determine	7
critical reading of the	7
be detected by the	7
r t h e	7
m b r a	7
dna was extracted from	7
relative to that of	7
been shown that the	7
highly pathogenic porcine reproductive	7
a kind gift from	7
based on the conserved	7
institutional animal care and	7
the coronavirus spike protein	7
sequences of the n	7
a final volume of	7
amino terminus of the	7
two different k cleavage	7
was used in this	7
in a child with	7
ethical approval all applicable	7
was a kind gift	7
the pathogenicity of the	7
infection in feline macrophages	7
the existence of a	7
rna recombination of murine	7
terminator cycle sequencing kit	7
approval all applicable international	7
analysis of the partial	7
the virus titer was	7
has been observed in	7
detected in the feces	7
titers were determined by	7
used as the template	7
in the prevalence of	7
tgev and prcv strains	7
were used to determine	7
infected with the virus	7
part of the genome	7
conditions were as follows	7
korean ibv isolates were	7
protein was found to	7
are in agreement with	7
was the most common	7
were incubated for an	7
e v e r	7
of the vereflu tm	7
antiviral activity of arbidol	7
are the most common	7
by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies	7
of the antiviral activity	7
v a n t	7
highest serum dilution that	7
primary structure of the	7
of the pathogenesis of	7
h r o u	7
nucleic acids were extracted	7
were infected with the	7
room t e m	7
the m u t	7
detected in the fecal	7
based on the full	7
were calculated using the	7
canine infectious respiratory disease	7
t h e cells	7
of neutralizing epitopes on	7
viruses were isolated from	7
a pair of primers	7
m a d e	7
r a i n	7
was provided by dr	7
the efficacy of the	7
of reed and muench	7
dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel	7
used as negative controls	7
in all age groups	7
data suggest that the	7
epidemic diarrhea viruses isolated	7
as well as for	7
a p a n	7
the medium was replaced	7
and feline infectious peritonitis	7
virions by trypsin and	7
nairobi sheep disease virus	7
for min followed by	7
t e d b	7
significantly higher than that	7
the basis of the	7
characterization of a calf	7
and porcine respiratory coronavirus	7
or institutional guidelines for	7
of the k superfamily	7
in pbs for min	7
of the two isolates	7
with respect to the	7
optimized pedv s gene	7
genome sequence of a	7
remains to be elucidated	7
a result of the	7
o u g h	7
p a r a	7
t e d at	7
submitted to the genbank	7
h e m a	7
to be free of	7
there was a significant	7
could be due to	7
influenza viruses isolated from	7
identical to those of	7
considered to be a	7
the cells were treated	7
of the chimeric vlps	7
of monoclonal antibodies to	7
monoclonal antibodies to bovine	7
gn pigs inoculated with	7
e a t e	7
investigate the molecular epidemiology	7
the primers and probes	7
with a final extension	7
the e and e	7
transmissible gastroenteritis virus of	7
cells were found to	7
in a total volume	7
confirm the presence of	7
to the cleavage site	7
the type species of	7
little is known about	7
bronchitis virus isolated from	7
inhibition of virus replication	7
m a r y	7
a new porcine enteric	7
for the diagnosis of	7
for any of the	7
of structural proteins during	7
in the evolution of	7
and restriction fragment length	7
cells were grown at	7
n t i s	7
time reverse transcription polymerase	7
by trypsin and separation	7
times with pbs and	7
may be responsible for	7
on the s gene	7
in the range of	7
a critical role in	7
born to immunized gilts	7
does not appear to	7
polymerase chain reaction assay	7
hek t cells were	7
the s glycoprotein gene	7
respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection	7
detection and characterization of	7
analysis was conducted using	7
hsp and hsp bind	7
further studies are needed	7
role in the pathogenesis	7
one of the two	7
with respiratory tract infections	7
strain with a recombinant	7
titer was expressed as	7
that the pi k	7
and then treated with	7
of the complete genome	7
of the fusion core	7
to be present in	7
characterization of porcine epidemic	7
with acute lower respiratory	7
and the results were	7
major structural proteins of	7
and compared with those	7
were considered to be	7
were used in this	7
the r p h	7
and eya virus strain	7
is most closely related	7
cells were pretreated with	7
recombinant s protein was	7
as can be seen	7
a mouse hepatitis virus	7
to the genbank database	7
to those of other	7
in agreement with the	7
the korean pedv field	7
pigs of all ages	7
carried out as described	7
mrna expression levels in	7
porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus	7
bronchitis virus isolates from	7
the results are summarized	7
the course of infection	7
pcr assay for detection	7
in the level of	7
cleavage of structural proteins	7
genera of the family	7
virus was detected in	7
could be detected by	7
was used in the	7
types i and ii	7
proteolytic processing of the	7
care and use committee	7
by electrophoresis in a	7
for rna recombination in	7
of the prevalence of	7
h n viruses were	7
the pathogenesis of mcmv	7
animal care and use	7
influenza a viruses in	7
study was supported by	7
of calves with diarrhea	7
on the presence of	7
significant economic losses in	7
viral infection resulted in	7
detection and differentiation of	7
of the orf and	7
of human immunodeficiency virus	7
infected vero cells were	7
the ratio of the	7
the expression level of	7
structural proteins during the	7
diarrhea viruses isolated in	7
strain of bovine coronavirus	7
the cells were fixed	7
the fact that the	7
containing fetal calf serum	7
of the genomes of	7
and incubated at room	7
the partial s gene	7
due to differences in	7
j a p a	7
evidence for rna recombination	7
of canine distemper virus	7
respiratory tract infection in	7
attenuated and virulent tgev	7
of the s proteins	7
with paraformaldehyde for min	7
t r a i	7
purified pcr products were	7
peritonitis virus infection in	7
the medium was removed	6
g r a d	6
the pathogenic potential of	6
membrane association of the	6
were inoculated orally with	6
serial twofold dilutions of	6
with an outbreak of	6
between the two viruses	6
and h n viruses	6
it is necessary to	6
a valuable tool for	6
frequency rna recombination of	6
of the vp protein	6
have been found in	6
and expression of the	6
suspensions were clarified by	6
infected cells as a	6
but not in the	6
quebec emc virus isolates	6
the formation of the	6
and clinical features of	6
has been demonstrated to	6
the detection of antibody	6
in the regulation of	6
a n d s	6
the infected cells at	6
access this article is	6
constructed by the maximum	6
antigenic and biological diversity	6
the polypeptide composition of	6
of a calf diarrheal	6
the pedv belgorod dom	6
was inserted into the	6
reaction and restriction fragment	6
of the replication cycle	6
fusing activity of virions	6
o s p h	6
cats with feline infectious	6
tomato spotted wilt virus	6
similar results were obtained	6
domestic ducks in vietnam	6
best of our knowledge	6
kresse and kbsh isolates	6
protein is a class	6
genome sequence of the	6
as the source of	6
for the housekeeping gene	6
the genetic evolution of	6
the virus inoculum was	6
it is tempting to	6
of nude and normal	6
p e r n	6
the genbank database under	6
reproduction in any medium	6
and the number of	6
the h n influenza	6
r n a was	6
may play an important	6
group was comprised of	6
amplified by pcr using	6
with a recombinant he	6
in each group were	6
after washing three times	6
m o v e	6
the pathogenesis of fip	6
were inoculated with kpedv	6
the major portion of	6
n t r i	6
centers for disease control	6
epitopes on g protein	6
were constructed using the	6
we have found that	6
from military dogs with	6
of ctf virus strain	6
of the orf a	6
region of the genome	6
by the absence of	6
of the influenza virus	6
the results indicate that	6
the hmg domain of	6
of the effect of	6
transmissible gastroenteritis in pigs	6
national institutes of health	6
the homologous and heterologous	6
agent of porcine epidemic	6
the fusion core complex	6
all animal experiments were	6
the n and m	6
animal and plant quarantine	6
method developed in this	6
among three different strains	6
using an abi prism	6
on the s subunit	6
of the nucleotide sequences	6
sequencing and phylogenetic analysis	6
of porcine epidemic abortion	6
mice infected with mhv	6
the etiological agent of	6
were infected with pedv	6
the cells were collected	6
not detected in the	6
infectious bronchitis virus strain	6
maintained in our laboratory	6
the absence of membranes	6
s protein gene of	6
the members of the	6
viral glycoproteins and interferon	6
the housekeeping gene gapdh	6
would be interesting to	6
antigen was detected by	6
the production of infectious	6
hepatitis virus type infection	6
the murine coronavirus spike	6
children less than years	6
be explained by the	6
diarrhea viruses associated with	6
pcr method for the	6
in the endoplasmic reticulum	6
were mock infected or	6
in the absence and	6
h a t of	6
in the process of	6
and functional characterization of	6
epidemic diarrhea virus and	6
i t h a	6
to a lesser extent	6
i virus fusion protein	6
median time from onset	6
at rpm for min	6
r t a n	6
resulting from recombination among	6
susceptible to infection with	6
were the most common	6
of piglets born to	6
with porcine reproductive and	6
as well as a	6
of the nucleotide sequence	6
of one of the	6
the complete orf gene	6
n influenza a virus	6
swe viruses and upps	6
virus to coronaviruses of	6
recent studies have shown	6
structural and functional characterization	6
fipv infection of feline	6
the molecular weights of	6
inducible nitric oxide synthase	6
with one of the	6
was considered to be	6
center for disease control	6
were separated on a	6
results of this study	6
funding this study was	6
to the development of	6
as recommended by the	6
infiltration of neutrophils into	6
acknowledgments this work was	6
of i b v	6
cause of diarrhea in	6
recombination of murine coronaviruses	6
t e s a	6
after days of incubation	6
t h e i	6
are considered to be	6
protein of bovine coronavirus	6
the infectious bronchitis virus	6
syncytia on bhk cells	6
i f u g	6
to the g sublineage	6
assembly of the head	6
pigs with diarrhea in	6
that the presence of	6
to the homologous virus	6
neutrophils into granulomatous lesions	6
i n a t	6
avian infectious bronchitis viruses	6
hypervariable region of the	6
igg antibodies were detected	6
glycoproteins and interferon induction	6
of the genomic rna	6
the complete sequence of	6
of a total of	6
h o s p	6
have been deposited in	6
monocyte cell line u	6
aminopeptidase n is not	6
is believed to be	6
and viral genomic sequences	6
large deletion in the	6
added to the wells	6
respiratory viral infections in	6
detection limits of the	6
of rift valley fever	6
it is noteworthy that	6
due to the lack	6
of porcine alveolar macrophages	6
s subunit of the	6
qiaquick gel extraction kit	6
with l of pbs	6
avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus	6
objective of this study	6
of the primers and	6
the swine industry in	6
the reaction was stopped	6
in the production of	6
inoculated with the cell	6
the surface of cells	6
that there is a	6
during the period of	6
was prepared from the	6
were frozen and thawed	6
the significance of the	6
each other and to	6
samples were stored at	6
virus neutralizing antibody titers	6
igg and iga antibody	6
mutant and revertant viruses	6
hmg domain of sry	6
the presence of pdcov	6
i n s t	6
it would be interesting	6
sequences were aligned using	6
accession numbers are listed	6
were approved by the	6
on the replication of	6
thought to be the	6
to coronaviruses of other	6
antibodies directed against the	6
of the mpcr method	6
pcr amplification of the	6
fecal virus rna shedding	6
has been isolated from	6
our results showed that	6
of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus	6
kakegawa strain of bovine	6
the location of the	6
supported by grants from	6
and incubated for min	6
as belonging to the	6
analysis of the spike	6
p h o s	6
changes in the s	6
and genome organization of	6
sequence and genome organization	6
performed according to the	6
that most of the	6
prevalence of antibodies to	6
antibodies against the porcine	6
a study on the	6
to create a new	6
with a diameter of	6
n avian influenza viruses	6
of the hypervariable regions	6
s gene sequences of	6
the early stages of	6
infectious bronchitis virus strains	6
infectious bronchitis virus resulting	6
children with acute lower	6
in piglets born to	6
for the treatment of	6
to confirm the presence	6
efficacy and safety of	6
lethal enteritis in infant	6
as well as other	6
infectious bronchitis virus the	6
important roles in the	6
on the sequence of	6
greater than that of	6
serum antibody to rodent	6
the best of our	6
as the template for	6
mouse hepatitis virus in	6
the orf abc region	6
analyzed by western blotting	6
major causative agent of	6
and pathogenesis of coronaviruses	6
u p e r	6
the absence and presence	6
there was no detectable	6
not appear to be	6
from the end of	6
were present in the	6
and plant quarantine agency	6
that the virus is	6
i m a r	6
cells as a source	6
t t h e	6
with the cellular receptor	6
the difference in the	6
nm in diameter and	6
total of fecal samples	6
the mean survival time	6
type and mutant viruses	6
pcr as described previously	6
and respiratory syncytial virus	6
for the synthesis of	6
s u p e	6
isolates of avian coronavirus	6
it is unknown whether	6
region capable of inducing	6
and the mixture was	6
inducing neutralizing antibodies against	6
an outbreak of diarrhea	6
infection in patients with	6
a per cent suspension	6
constructed by the neighbor	6
products were cloned into	6
the same dose of	6
than that in the	6
throughout the course of	6
has been previously described	6
positive for the presence	6
g for m i	6
completion of the sequence	6
the identity of the	6
the s gene sequences	6
field isolates of avian	6
the first week of	6
and comparison with the	6
r n a species	6
the viruses and their	6
members of the subfamily	6
the genomes of the	6
nucleotide sequence of a	6
of human metapneumovirus infection	6
the epitope region capable	6
f u g a	6
a class i virus	6
inoculated with the virus	6
of serum antibody to	6
point mutations in the	6
at rt and then	6
an indirect immunofluorescence assay	6
a major cause of	6
virus resulting from recombination	6
human monocyte cell line	6
viral rna and protein	6
late stage of infection	6
the median time from	6
strain fr and eya	6
of the spike gene	6
which was isolated from	6
sequence comparison of the	6
sequences in the genbank	6
in the culture medium	6
m o n g	6
this indicates that the	6
was then used to	6
chickens in the pcag	6
the ability to replicate	6
the nucleotide level and	6
of the viruses to	6
between the s and	6
of recombination events in	6
spike protein is a	6
then washed three times	6
bronchitis virus serotypes using	6
class i virus fusion	6
like to thank dr	6
detection of hepatitis c	6
in specific pathogen free	6
test for detection of	6
from t h e	6
detection of serum antibody	6
by the lack of	6
spread of the virus	6
reaction was stopped by	6
acute lower respiratory tract	6
e r n a	6
serotypes using polymerase chain	6
the movement protein of	6
t e n t	6
tree was constructed by	6
pellets were resuspended in	6
deletion in the orf	6
as the number of	6
plates were washed three	6
replication of the virus	6
has been identified in	6
related to human coronavirus	6
the number of foci	6
with pbs and then	6
according to the method	6
the swine industry worldwide	6
about per cent of	6
of the head of	6
genome sequence of porcine	6
cleavage site in the	6
and clinical characteristics of	6
with transmissible gastroenteritis virus	6
recombination in field isolates	6
with each of the	6
was collected from the	6
of differentiation and activation	6
can be used for	6
room temperature for hour	6
the virus suspension was	6
our data suggest that	6
college of veterinary medicine	6
to the best of	6
in an effort to	6
the common differentially expressed	6
mutational analysis of the	6
viral d n a	6
samples tested positive for	6
the rubella virus nonstructural	6
constructed based on the	6
in the orf gene	6
to the age of	6
against the porcine epidemic	6
and clarified by centrifugation	6
were added to each	6
a d d e	6
of freezing and thawing	6
protein is involved in	6
virus serotypes using polymerase	6
in porcine alveolar macrophages	6
was provided by the	6
in the culture supernatant	6
with different concentrations of	6
the sizes of the	6
between the incidence of	6
but not in l	6
it was possible to	6
groups of rabbits were	6
in the infected cells	6
then incubated for h	6
isolated in the s	6
murine coronavirus spike protein	6
investigate the effect of	6
epidemic diarrhea viruses associated	6
pcr was carried out	6
with herpes simplex virus	6
the reason for this	6
the world health organization	6
head of bacteriophage t	6
and approved by the	6
was performed with the	6
inactivated fetal bovine serum	6
were not due to	6
in the synthesis of	6
for members of the	6
used for virus isolation	6
the transmissible gastroenteritis virus	6
terminus of the s	6
on their susceptibility to	6
g a t i	6
differentiation of infectious bronchitis	6
the mechanisms by which	6
were performed in triplicate	6
associated with outbreaks of	6
identification of the epitope	6
deduced amino acid sequence	6
one specific nucleotide change	6
has been used in	6
p r i m	6
analysis of the vp	6
sequence evidence for rna	6
from the surface of	6
virus infection in feline	6
our results show that	6
absence and presence of	6
study was approved by	6
is related to the	6
that all of the	6
in patients with severe	6
s gene of pedv	6
been proposed to be	6
comparison of the amino	6
detected by electron microscopy	6
protein of pedv is	6
in the induction of	6
capable of inducing neutralizing	6
r i m a	6
were kindly provided by	6
of lithium chloride on	6
protein genes of porcine	6
from cells infected with	6
similar to that in	6
after virus adsorption at	6
a m m a	6
is a class i	6
the pcr product was	6
quantitatively analyzed in terms	6
the first time that	6
infected at a multiplicity	6
identity when compared to	6
are responsible for the	6
rectal swabs were collected	6
fip and spf cats	6
presence of microsomal membranes	6
production of neutralizing antibodies	6
the strength of the	6
mrna expression levels of	6
of r p h	6
of mice infected with	6
molecular weight of the	6
c g content of	6
cells were collected at	6
as part of a	6
the pandemic influenza a	6
a large deletion in	6
a new type of	6
be associated with the	6
the h n strain	6
of avian coronavirus infectious	6
the n proteins of	6
sequenced in both directions	6
transmissible gastroenteritis of swine	6
to be specific for	6
washed four times with	6
sequence alignments were performed	6
is known to be	6
to investigate the effect	6
t e d a	6
was identified as a	6
culture supernatants were harvested	6
fixed with paraformaldehyde for	6
was not statistically significant	6
in their ability to	6
paraformaldehyde for min at	6
medium supplemented with fetal	6
for detection of respiratory	6
detect the presence of	6
due to the low	6
the glycoprotein of vesicular	6
the results presented here	6
e a n d	6
e m o n	6
medium was removed and	6
supplemented with fetal calf	6
spike protein of the	6
a decrease in the	6
research was supported by	6
a member of a	6
analyzed in terms of	6
the severe acute respiratory	6
the head of bacteriophage	6
fd p and p	6
were collected and homogenized	6
has been described for	6
were w a s	6
protein of the coronavirus	6
for critical reading of	6
unique not i site	6
as a means of	6
these findings suggest that	6
the antigenic relationship of	6
dogs at kennel a	6
pigs inoculated with the	6
was added and incubated	6
in minimal essential medium	6
detection of bovine coronavirus	6
of r n a	6
functional characterization of the	6
cleavage site of the	6
infectious peritonitis and feline	6
of the epitope region	6
variant of avian infectious	6
to be one of	6
and tested for the	6
e x t r	6
cp strains of hav	6
room temperature for minutes	6
dub activity of plp	6
detection and typing of	6
and compared with the	6
were detected by electron	6
at a dose of	6
time from onset to	6
the replication of the	6
vomition and wasting in	6
by the indirect fluorescent	6
digestion of pcr products	6
there was no evidence	6
for up to days	6
are thought to be	6
a and b were	6
r y l a	6
bronchitis virus resulting from	6
to investigate the molecular	6
detection of porcine reproductive	6
epitope region capable of	6
in the reticulocyte lysate	6
a marked increase in	6
approximately kb in length	6
showed that all of	6
washed with cold pbs	6
was performed according to	6
nude and normal mice	6
with the sequences of	6
at the plasma membrane	6
terminal amino acids of	6
it has also been	6
h o u r	6
a m o n	6
ibv isolates in japan	6
the mhv n protein	6
were calculated by the	6
t r i f	6
the induction of ifn	6
viruses and their replication	6
inhibit the replication of	6
detected on the surface	6
was isolated from an	6
the two pedv subtypes	6
plays a critical role	6
the number of cells	6
were carried out as	6
with the results of	6
d n a was	6
r a c t	6
s protein was found	6
the wells were washed	6
adult patients with diarrhea	6
of a novel coronavirus	6
in the fecal samples	6
ninth report of the	6
a unique not i	6
a recombinant origin of	6
of inducing neutralizing antibodies	6
of neutrophils into granulomatous	6
viruses a and b	6
n protein translated from	6
genome sequences of two	6
without affinity for hpa	6
nucleotides upstream of the	6
sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	6
the orf gene of	6
the h vaccine strain	6
used in these experiments	6
between poscv and poscv	6
peritonitis virus to coronaviruses	6
gastroenteritis virus of swine	6
centrifugation for min at	6
fr and eya virus	6
was used as an	6
in a co atmosphere	6
is important for the	6
the infiltration of neutrophils	6
viruses of the family	6
from those of the	6
by restriction fragment length	6
indirect fluorescent antibody technique	6
the central region of	6
o u n d	6
g a n d	6
were fixed with paraformaldehyde	6
the humoral immune response	6
a bca protein assay	6
and reproduction in any	6
of the gene of	6
h e m e	6
canine parvovirus type c	6