bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
respiratory syndrome	137
avian influenza	102
influenza virus	97
syndrome coronavirus	91
middle east	91
acute respiratory	89
public health	82
virus infection	76
east respiratory	76
respiratory viruses	73
zika virus	73
respiratory tract	68
viral rna	68
infectious diseases	67
severe acute	67
novel coronavirus	66
coronavirus hku	57
highly pathogenic	53
influenza viruses	51
neutralizing antibodies	47
porcine deltacoronavirus	44
respiratory disease	44
cord uid	41
doc id	41
viral load	41
infect doi	41
microbes infect	41
emerg microbes	41
amino acid	40
pk cells	40
immune responses	40
monoclonal antibodies	40
st cells	39
immune response	39
united states	37
monoclonal antibody	36
respiratory pathogens	35
antibody responses	34
infected patients	34
nucleic acid	34
respiratory infections	33
emerging infectious	33
infectious disease	32
complete genome	32
performed using	32
control group	30
phylogenetic analysis	30
lung injury	29
hong kong	29
zikv infection	29
infected cells	28
patients infected	28
respiratory virus	27
human monoclonal	26
acute lung	26
saudi arabia	26
human infections	26
clinical signs	25
dengue virus	25
genome sequence	25
closely related	25
ncov rbd	25
west nile	25
disease control	25
three times	25
reverse transcription	25
host cell	25
cell entry	23
health organization	23
goose astrovirus	23
upper respiratory	23
gout disease	23
expression vector	23
innate immune	23
previously described	22
infected goslings	22
target cells	22
anal swab	21
spike protein	21
cell culture	21
viral infection	21
human coronavirus	21
neutralizing antibody	21
pdcov replication	21
diagnostic laboratories	21
negative control	20
fecal samples	20
polymerase chain	20
chain reaction	20
nile virus	20
world health	20
viral infections	20
novel goose	20
respiratory syncytial	20
cell responses	20
time pcr	20
cell fusion	20
lower respiratory	19
oral swabs	19
borne viruses	19
cov strains	19
antiviral mabs	19
tested positive	19
previous studies	19
respiratory symptoms	19
saliva specimens	19
two patients	19
respiratory specimens	19
pathogenic avian	19
phylogenetic tree	19
inflammatory cytokines	18
respiratory infection	18
genetic diversity	18
type i	18
human infection	18
genbank accession	18
cov infection	18
antiviral immune	18
respiratory pathogen	18
epithelial cells	17
potential conflict	17
syncytial virus	17
virus isolation	17
risk factors	17
time rt	17
sars coronavirus	17
liver injury	17
accession number	17
multiplex pcr	17
wild chimpanzees	17
present study	17
virus infections	17
human metapneumovirus	17
viral replication	17
described previously	16
virus replication	16
empty expression	16
health laboratories	16
respiratory viral	16
ebola virus	16
dromedary camels	16
human respiratory	15
supplementary table	15
severe respiratory	15
specific antibodies	15
day post	15
anal swabs	15
respiratory samples	15
hts analysis	15
nipah virus	15
severe cases	15
clinical characteristics	15
cells expressing	15
viral loads	15
well plates	14
swab samples	14
structural proteins	14
western blot	14
weight loss	14
pcr products	14
vero cells	14
serum samples	14
infected individuals	14
neutralizing activity	14
binding domain	14
antiviral response	14
body weight	14
bird markets	14
mers coronavirus	14
severe liver	14
cynomolgus macaques	13
causative agent	13
molecular assays	13
respiratory illness	13
hubei province	13
cellular immune	13
two different	13
tract infections	13
dendritic cells	13
antibody response	13
genome sequences	13
pdcov infection	13
cytokine storm	13
adult patients	13
terminal domain	13
liver impairment	13
nasopharyngeal specimens	13
clinical features	13
viral genome	13
experimental infection	13
novel human	13
receptor binding	13
viral hepatitis	13
binding site	13
transmembrane domains	13
pneumoniae carriage	13
gene sequences	13
effector functions	13
cells transfected	13
coronavirus infection	12
human transmission	12
respiratory distress	12
host range	12
infected mice	12
dna vaccine	12
mutant dpp	12
immune system	12
encephalitis virus	12
pbs bsa	12
time reverse	12
specific antibody	12
coronavirus disease	12
viral respiratory	12
lmh cells	12
irf activation	12
dipeptidyl peptidase	12
confirmed cases	12
nasopharyngeal samples	12
staphylococcus aureus	12
room temperature	12
terminal transmembrane	12
membrane fusion	12
acid residues	12
important role	12
viral pathogens	12
surface expression	12
porcine epidemic	12
oxygen supply	12
pcr assays	12
neutralizing activities	12
novel pathogens	11
potent neutralizing	11
days post	11
cell lines	11
critical role	11
adaptive immune	11
national park	11
human cases	11
spdcov strains	11
pathogenic viruses	11
infected animals	11
viral ha	11
post infection	11
epidemic diarrhea	11
samples collected	11
mouse model	11
influenza infection	11
respiratory diseases	11
pathogen panel	11
pathogenic virus	11
national public	11
respiratory failure	11
dromedary wnv	11
antiviral drugs	11
unexplained pneumonia	11
negative results	11
open reading	11
human antibody	11
previous study	11
phylogenetic trees	11
hypoxic hepatitis	11
innate antiviral	11
severe covid	11
npa specimens	11
parainfluenza virus	11
clinical trials	11
live poultry	11
neutralizing monoclonal	11
complement activation	11
human igg	11
outbreak period	11
south korea	10
deltacoronavirus strain	10
taken together	10
streptococcus pneumoniae	10
cell response	10
dpp wt	10
clinical data	10
effector cells	10
least one	10
acute flaccid	10
within days	10
french pilgrims	10
flow cytometry	10
broadly neutralizing	10
southeast asia	10
catarrhalis carriage	10
symptom onset	10
novel viruses	10
immunofluorescence assay	10
rna virus	10
stranded rna	10
chronic hepatitis	10
neutralizing mabs	10
culture medium	10
orf ab	10
genome sequencing	10
highly similar	10
common cold	10
dpp polymorphisms	10
driven host	10
specific cd	10
reference laboratory	10
bovine serum	10
ifn production	10
nasopharyngeal swabs	10
ncov infection	10
respiratory signs	10
hajj pilgrims	10
cell surface	10
promotes pdcov	10
host species	10
yellow fever	10
trypsin promotes	10
species transmission	10
ng ml	10
relatively low	10
genetic characterization	10
sparrow cov	10
nxtag respiratory	10
pandemic influenza	10
bronchoalveolar lavage	9
immune cells	9
also observed	9
sars patients	9
hajj samples	9
rna extraction	9
virus may	9
ics made	9
results suggest	9
virus rna	9
dpp residues	9
current study	9
primers lpw	9
control groups	9
amino acids	9
possible lrti	9
viral shedding	9
outbreak lineage	9
creative commons	9
goose embryos	9
new coronavirus	9
accessed february	9
tract infection	9
rhinovirus infection	9
even though	9
vaccination strategies	9
chronic respiratory	9
viral challenge	9
patients whose	9
animal models	9
life cycle	9
endemic hcovs	9
influenza vaccine	9
human population	9
phylogenetic analyses	9
old goslings	9
immune complexes	9
sequence alignment	9
secondary antibody	9
dpp expression	9
years old	9
cell lysates	9
lrti symptoms	9
severe patients	9
total rna	9
hbsag anti	9
results indicated	9
family members	9
diarrhea virus	9
ml trypsin	9
applied biosystems	9
severe disease	9
bat origin	9
north america	9
endothelial cells	9
viruses detected	9
poultry workers	8
adhesion molecules	8
immunodeficiency virus	8
college hospital	8
mini kit	8
nucleotide sequence	8
cov rna	8
data analysis	8
statistical significance	8
clinical management	8
new york	8
pneumonia outbreak	8
inhibitory effect	8
heart disease	8
high levels	8
first round	8
expression vectors	8
molecular epidemiology	8
newly identified	8
significant difference	8
lpw lpw	8
crucial role	8
national health	8
clinical samples	8
south america	8
i interferon	8
cell membrane	8
disease outbreak	8
wu polyomavirus	8
neutralization assay	8
luciferase reporter	8
swabs positive	8
mainland china	8
viral entry	8
first time	8
survival rate	8
extracellular traps	8
serological evidence	8
hbv ics	8
nested pcr	8
medical college	8
purified using	8
antigenic drift	8
union medical	8
distress syndrome	8
gosling gout	8
genomic characterization	8
reduced mers	8
cell model	8
great apes	8
clinical symptoms	8
peking union	8
hcv genotypes	8
high prevalence	8
throughput sequencing	8
cov spike	8
dromedary camel	8
mdck cells	8
hku strains	8
health commission	8
acid sequences	8
data suggest	8
buffered saline	8
intensive care	8
tested negative	8
may also	8
transmembrane domain	8
human ace	8
accession numbers	8
hospitalized patients	8
digestive tract	8
saliva samples	8
white blood	8
acquired pneumonia	8
known respiratory	8
close contact	8
neutrophil extracellular	8
round primers	8
viral propagation	8
vaccine development	8
detection rate	8
live bird	8
cov hku	8
peripheral blood	8
arabian peninsula	8
study design	8
pteropine orthoreovirus	8
targeted mabs	8
virus transmission	8
control measures	8
human origin	8
cell line	8
dpp surface	7
asymptomatic cases	7
rapid antigen	7
previous reports	7
cytopathic effects	7
human primates	7
high viral	7
without trypsin	7
new world	7
dual carriage	7
specific rt	7
innate immunity	7
sequence analysis	7
known viral	7
new viruses	7
experimentally infected	7
intermediate host	7
fruit bats	7
length genome	7
positive samples	7
highly divergent	7
human neutralizing	7
luciferase activity	7
sialic acid	7
results show	7
novel hepaciviruses	7
host immune	7
several studies	7
negative controls	7
ethics committee	7
routine clinical	7
immune complex	7
viral transport	7
mean age	7
coronavirus associated	7
asymptomatic carriers	7
respiratory tracts	7
care unit	7
convalescent sera	7
reads mapped	7
whose npa	7
positive rate	7
novel virus	7
results indicate	7
rna polymerase	7
first isolation	7
dpp mutants	7
accessed march	7
pdcov entry	7
cell spread	7
flaccid myelitis	7
hospital stay	7
evolutionary genetics	7
human immunodeficiency	7
generation sequencing	7
new year	7
oxygen saturation	7
dependent manner	7
molecular diagnosis	7
borne encephalitis	7
capsid protein	7
binding affinity	7
clinical specimens	7
neutralizing human	7
severe pneumonia	7
host innate	7
hendra virus	7
international committee	7
viral proteins	7
goose flocks	7
aedes albopictus	7
conjugated anti	7
avian coronaviruses	7
protective effects	7
genbank database	7
comparative analysis	7
hh patients	7
humoral responses	7
potent neutralization	7
significantly reduced	7
inflammatory cells	7
viral clearance	7
protective efficacy	7
calculated accordingly	7
higher viral	7
mice infected	7
tissue tropism	7
coronavirus spike	7
virus shedding	7
hemorrhagic fever	7
previously reported	7
lavage fluid	7
washed three	7
viral diseases	7
cov strain	7
dromedary calf	7
fold increase	7
binding protein	6
median age	6
carriage increased	6
highly conserved	6
viral pathogen	6
present dromedary	6
statistically significant	6
influenza strains	6
serially diluted	6
recent years	6
lung pathology	6
targeted antibodies	6
incubation period	6
reverse transcriptase	6
urate deposition	6
intranasal application	6
transcription polymerase	6
studies demonstrated	6
dna sequencing	6
nucleotide identity	6
disease outbreaks	6
two nasopharyngeal	6
heterologous viruses	6
likelihood method	6
significantly lower	6
ifn antagonism	6
three patients	6
novel avian	6
infection control	6
clinical diagnosis	6
contigs assigned	6
tbk interaction	6
immunized groups	6
icu patients	6
protective immunity	6
genomic sequence	6
emerging viruses	6
specific igg	6
much lower	6
four spdcov	6
significantly higher	6
healthcare workers	6
also detected	6
three groups	6
strain hku	6
body temperature	6
two cases	6
copies ml	6
mammalian species	6
gene source	6
outbreak investigation	6
lane compared	6
immunized three	6
mortality rates	6
chicken astrovirus	6
also identified	6
mild symptoms	6
acid sequence	6
viral sequences	6
analysis revealed	6
detection rates	6
ncov virus	6
lysis buffer	6
second round	6
recent advances	6
humanized anti	6
specimens taken	6
better understanding	6
promoter activity	6
first reported	6
infected pneumonia	6
antigen detection	6
cloacal swabs	6
human rhinovirus	6
viral titers	6
induced acute	6
constructed using	6
vesicular stomatitis	6
antiviral treatment	6
interspecies transmission	6
pbs containing	6
ns protein	6
transport medium	6
national reference	6
variant sites	6
clinical disease	6
nonhuman primates	6
strains circulating	6
pcr using	6
informed consent	6
african green	6
thermofisher scientific	6
molecular evolutionary	6
torque teno	6
error bars	6
molecular characterization	6
relatively high	6
blot analysis	6
syndrome virus	6
million reads	6
outbreak associated	6
neurological symptoms	6
high level	6
carcass wash	6
wuhan institute	6
first isolated	6
south china	6
japanese encephalitis	6
wnv strains	6
kibale national	6
stomatitis virus	6
highly neutralizing	6
epidemic season	6
case group	6
antibodies targeting	6
analytical diagnostic	6
chimpanzee communities	6
reading frames	6
cell types	6
disease severity	6
prospective cohort	6
way analysis	6
young children	6
recent study	6
superscript iii	6
test results	6
throat swab	6
mosquito species	6
reverse primers	6
apn cells	6
also showed	6
fever virus	6
organ failure	6
wash water	6
influenza vaccines	6
poultry markets	6
sample collection	6
low pathogenic	6
intranasal administration	6
disposable handkerchiefs	6
related coronavirus	6
died within	6
pcr system	6
bd biosciences	6
virus entry	6
mortality rate	6
also demonstrated	6
human populations	6
rna viruses	6
pcr detection	6
denv ediii	6
tract specimens	6
genetically distinct	6
guangdong province	6
blood cell	6
cov rbd	6
antibodies isolated	6
tissue samples	6
expectorated saliva	6
goose parvovirus	6
complement system	6
human coronaviruses	6
conserved regions	6
first cohort	6
diagnostic testing	6
clinical manifestations	6
emerging infections	6
novel astrovirus	6
virus detection	6
least two	6
sequence data	6
bacterial infection	6
hemorrhagic polyomavirus	5
much higher	5
human enterovirus	5
virus detected	5
avian astroviruses	5
cellular receptor	5
specimens collected	5
novel genotype	5
sendai virus	5
panel assay	5
ali induced	5
aastv sd	5
cause respiratory	5
strains isolated	5
lung diseases	5
reduced lung	5
immunosuppressive activity	5
systematic review	5
therapeutic potential	5
french polynesia	5
disease progression	5
standard precautions	5
nasopharyngeal aspirate	5
pharyngeal swab	5
avian nephritis	5
san diego	5
pathogen detection	5
receptor dpp	5
illness associated	5
therapeutic vaccine	5
complete blood	5
flaviviridae family	5
antiviral immunity	5
neutralization activities	5
three mabs	5
showed positive	5
positive results	5
critically ill	5
oral swab	5
descriptive study	5
simultaneous detection	5
genus pegivirus	5
among hajj	5
different types	5
new insights	5
clinical laboratory	5
polymorphic sites	5
acid test	5
urine samples	5
disease emergence	5
vast majority	5
acid amplification	5
antibiotic use	5
diseased goslings	5
alternatively known	5
zikv isolates	5
bat coronaviruses	5
reference sequences	5
goat anti	5
shandong province	5
zikv strain	5
health laboratory	5
haemophilus influenzae	5
early stage	5
responses among	5
lpai viruses	5
multiple sequence	5
polymorphic residues	5
binding activity	5
newly discovered	5
sanger sequencing	5
associated coronavirus	5
aa identity	5
gene expression	5
infectious agents	5
septic shock	5
mouse igg	5
data collection	5
time points	5
converting enzyme	5
wild apes	5
cov antibodies	5
ncov may	5
genome analysis	5
lr region	5
liver function	5
derived viruses	5
human disease	5
affiliated hospital	5
acute infection	5
wild birds	5
infected llc	5
science foundation	5
viral antigen	5
positive control	5
lunar new	5
agnostic hts	5
arbovirus control	5
ics formed	5
reading frame	5
cov infections	5
treatment options	5
rna levels	5
primary antibody	5
viral diversity	5
trypsin treatment	5
hek cells	5
species barrier	5
two weeks	5
successfully isolated	5
ill patients	5
human antibodies	5
fc binding	5
reassortment events	5
tested using	5
infectious sars	5
novel coronaviruses	5
astrovirus associated	5
illness day	5
rna genome	5
blood cells	5
different mammalian	5
neonatal scid	5
virus neutralization	5
cells infected	5
emerging viral	5
acid substitutions	5
ns gene	5
protein expression	5
cultured cells	5
pathogen carriage	5
human influenza	5
disease association	5
dengue fever	5
aedes aegypti	5
virus challenge	5
diabetes mellitus	5
protective equipment	5
pretreated groups	5
high degree	5
testing positive	5
preventive measures	5
global health	5
gb virus	5
centre cohort	5
animal model	5
may lead	5
post transfection	5
ediii protein	5
oropharyngeal swabs	5
infections among	5
virus isolated	5
expression plasmids	5
using quantitative	5
oxidative burst	5
per person	5
fatality rate	5
healthy individuals	5
wnv genome	5
blood count	5
ge healthcare	5
virus taxonomy	5
scid mice	5
acid extraction	5
biological activities	5
nelson bay	5
nphv variants	5
mg kg	5
among pilgrims	5
uninfected control	5
bat sars	5
recent studies	5
health reference	5
liver disease	5
moraxella catarrhalis	5
pathogenic viral	5
copies per	5
antiviral antibodies	5
antiviral drug	5
zikv rna	5
nasopharyngeal aspirates	5
calculated using	5
different mers	5
leading cause	5
via two	5
nasal swab	5
proinflammatory cytokines	5
infect humans	5
low levels	5
encoded proteins	5
health care	5
passive immunotherapies	5
viral genomes	5
ace receptor	5
diagnostic methods	5
oral fluid	5
old female	5
second part	5
npa samples	5
flaccid paralysis	5
clinical testing	5
respiratory illnesses	5
virus associated	5
goose hemorrhagic	5
expression plasmid	5
cov replication	5
mice immunized	5
small animal	5
human viruses	5
life technologies	5
personal protective	5
test whether	5
clinical microbiology	5
rectal swabs	5
na sequences	5
type diabetes	5
provided evidence	5
analyzed using	5
acute severe	5
functional receptor	5
mers coronaviruses	5
human poscv	5
origin influenza	5
inflammatory response	5
statistical analysis	5
clinical findings	5
viral titer	5
chinese academy	5
ha proteins	5
emerging microbes	5
infection model	5
study group	5
healthy control	5
microbiology laboratory	5
might also	5
pan troglodytes	5
viral spike	5
lbm workers	5
left ventricular	5
virus outbreak	5
coding region	5
may play	5
ifn expression	5
transmission dynamics	5
infection among	5
loading control	5
circular virus	5
antiviral responses	5
light chain	5
step rt	5
genetics analysis	5
zoonotic transmission	5
virus type	5
like circular	5
like viruses	5
astrovirus gd	5
complete genomes	5
avian species	5
infection study	5
large number	5
late stage	5
liver tissue	4
suspected respiratory	4
gene sequence	4
molecular diagnostics	4
mortem biopsy	4
transmit arboviruses	4
metapneumovirus infection	4
group immunized	4
scid beige	4
respiratory infectious	4
virus spread	4
graphpad prism	4
reported cases	4
data indicate	4
single polyprotein	4
water samples	4
efficiently isolated	4
renal tubules	4
nucleotide sequences	4
minimum essential	4
veterinary research	4
syncytium formation	4
lung viral	4
imported cases	4
mortem analysis	4
study also	4
swab positive	4
epidemiological studies	4
otitis media	4
strains identified	4
universal vaccine	4
pooled liver	4
early response	4
recently identified	4
domestic animals	4
coronavirus oc	4
increase virus	4
pcr panel	4
tissue damage	4
ic values	4
chikungunya virus	4
clinical course	4
untranslated region	4
solid matrix	4
infected birds	4
adapter protein	4
zikv isolated	4
hepatitis virus	4
cohort study	4
nucleocapsid protein	4
public databases	4
laser scanning	4
astv infection	4
marburg virus	4
ncov spike	4
virus species	4
also shown	4
human parainfluenza	4
detection assay	4
progressive multifocal	4
three distinct	4
analysis using	4
vector transmission	4
like coronavirus	4
remains unclear	4
commons attribution	4
nasopharyngeal swab	4
nine children	4
cd cd	4
bacterial respiratory	4
expression levels	4
united arab	4
may result	4
na genes	4
control strategies	4
considered statistically	4
ectopically expressed	4
pdcov strains	4
two days	4
results showed	4
urgently needed	4
sequence identity	4
neurological complications	4
sequence diversity	4
like effects	4
sangon biotech	4
kidney function	4
patients admitted	4
emerging human	4
multiple clades	4
nasal swabs	4
infection may	4
parainfluenza viruses	4
bovine cov	4
significant differences	4
one step	4
antibody titer	4
viral panel	4
matched healthy	4
testing saliva	4
green monkeys	4
visceral urate	4
temperate regions	4
isolation rates	4
nervous system	4
drinking water	4
environmental samples	4
nasopharyngeal strains	4
mm hg	4
fisher scientific	4
molecular detection	4
liver enzymes	4
coronavirus quasispecies	4
respiratory secretions	4
homologous virus	4
potential therapeutic	4
samples tested	4
first affiliated	4
peptidase iv	4
specimens tested	4
novel viral	4
binding activities	4
cause disease	4
vaccinated mice	4
newly emerging	4
severe clinical	4
xtag respiratory	4
genomic rna	4
hbv infection	4
structural basis	4
jiangsu province	4
north africa	4
virus circulation	4
positive respiratory	4
luminex xtag	4
quantitative rt	4
recombinant protein	4
whole blood	4
vaccine design	4
different epitopes	4
disease surveillance	4
investigated whether	4
fc receptors	4
genetically diverse	4
clinical practice	4
infected group	4
virus pathogenesis	4
mucosal adjuvant	4
transmission caused	4
urate deposits	4
authentic mers	4
plasma membrane	4
reported previously	4
multiplex reverse	4
immunosorbent assay	4
lethal infection	4
cultivated without	4
mfi value	4
genetic variation	4
clinical trial	4
tract disease	4
zikv ediii	4
binding pocket	4
pcr amplification	4
within week	4
infectious virus	4
confocal laser	4
fourth passage	4
mediated protection	4
goose embryo	4
ek peptide	4
npa sample	4
viruses might	4
cytokines including	4
related hepaciviral	4
ventricular failure	4
virus infected	4
one adult	4
putative ns	4
productive cough	4
transmissible gastroenteritis	4
control study	4
using first	4
related viruses	4
hiv infection	4
liver transplantation	4
previously identified	4
emerging arboviruses	4
determined using	4
individual preventive	4
another group	4
probable bat	4
png sites	4
pcr assay	4
mice treated	4
thermo fisher	4
severe viral	4
lung samples	4
oxygen therapy	4
pcr product	4
health concern	4
two strains	4
next pandemic	4
like illness	4
unknown etiology	4
respiratory coronavirus	4
natural science	4
potential role	4
antiviral cytokines	4
lymphocyte subsets	4
southern china	4
february th	4
severe influenza	4
immunized mice	4
healthy animals	4
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vitro studies	4
necrosis factor	4
salt bridge	4
elevated liver	4
flow cytometer	4
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th th	4
linked glycosylation	4
dna vaccination	4
human diseases	4
rna kit	4
chronic heart	4
vaccine based	4
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collection method	4
internal genes	4
previously established	4
lower identity	4
important implications	4
interquartile range	4
shm rates	4
transcription factor	4
zikv strains	4
deutsche forschungsgemeinschaft	4
rdrp gene	4
cells via	4
injury induced	4
least three	4
chronic viral	4
sequence homology	4
electron microscopy	4
suckling mice	4
microcephaly cases	4
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serine protease	4
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genus deltacoronavirus	4
conjugated secondary	4
two independent	4
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whether trypsin	4
primate species	4
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firefly luciferase	4
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tembusu virus	4
per ml	4
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igg antibodies	4
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one patient	4
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expressing dpp	4
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isolated virus	4
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secondary bacterial	4
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integrated system	4
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vp region	4
human polyomavirus	4
serum viral	4
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hku may	4
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thank dr	4
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essential medium	4
soil mud	4
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one case	4
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neuraminidase inhibitors	4
influenza pandemic	4
chronic hiv	4
np swab	4
pegivirus genus	4
investigate whether	4
methods section	4
zoonotic viruses	4
well plate	4
nonstructural proteins	4
first transmembrane	4
three animals	4
asian countries	4
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medical personnel	4
indicated concentrations	4
eukaryotic organisms	4
transcription pcr	4
independent experiments	4
qiaamp viral	4
spdcov isu	4
structural region	4
soluble mers	4
domain complexed	4
antibody effector	4
univariable analysis	4
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coronavirus infections	4
human dpp	4
infected mdck	4
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rna copies	4
social groups	4
quantitative pcr	4
two distinct	4
tissue culture	4
first part	4
detectable viral	4
rna mini	4
pretreated group	4
int emergencies	4
conjugated goat	4
kanyawara chimpanzees	4
cellular entry	4
suppressive effect	4
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fc fragment	4
pneumococcal vaccine	4
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i ifn	4
gout symptom	4
ct value	4
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zikv prm	4
african continent	4
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inflammatory cell	4
dna vaccines	4
teno virus	4
quantitative real	4
nucleic acids	4
novel pathogen	4
global trends	4
dependent enhancement	4
attack complex	4
coronavirus study	4
among french	4
based vaccination	4
linked immunosorbent	4
neutralizing epitopes	4
laboratory system	4
protease tmprss	4
poultry drinking	4
nephritis virus	4
clinical manifestation	4
porcine respiratory	4
targeted mab	4
pilgrims presented	4
analyses revealed	4
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potent human	4
antigen specific	4
arab emirates	4
analysis based	3
arbovirus diseases	3
new host	3
serological testing	3
interferon antagonist	3
gov coronavirus	3
chronic liver	3
modified eagle	3
control goslings	3
will also	3
induced activation	3
partially supported	3
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duck astrovirus	3
genome characterization	3
transgenic mice	3
binding ability	3
last two	3
cells using	3
significant increase	3
protein bands	3
laboratory test	3
constructed two	3
female balb	3
malaysian ev	3
viral genomic	3
mycobacterium tuberculosis	3
cov neutralizing	3
pcr plates	3
supports bat	3
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endotracheal intubation	3
health analytical	3
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wt prm	3
natural infection	3
zikv gz	3
ground glass	3
oral transmission	3
related virus	3
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pathogenic arboviruses	3
coding sequence	3
allowed us	3
strain ch	3
persistent viral	3
cell proliferation	3
required admission	3
molecular mechanisms	3
rhesus monkeys	3
protein sequence	3
multiplex rt	3
future studies	3
bars indicating	3
klebsiella pneumoniae	3
pcr rt	3
immunization groups	3
virus using	3
dpp ectodomain	3
remain unexplained	3
effective treatment	3
pelleted cells	3
approximately weeks	3
guangdong sf	3
based assay	3
tree based	3
respiratory outbreaks	3
induce higher	3
study showed	3
reassortant strains	3
respiratory bacteria	3
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nt long	3
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trachea lung	3
different countries	3
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related wnv	3
using standard	3
tract might	3
individual pneumonia	3
agents causing	3
diseases will	3
mutual association	3
type ii	3
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ncov infections	3
atypical pneumonia	3
genetic heterogeneity	3
survival geese	3
inflammatory mediators	3
human betacoronavirus	3
dependent phosphorylation	3
general medical	3
common cause	3
escape mutants	3
collected samples	3
wildlife species	3
nuclear factor	3
coronavirus pneumonia	3
two sars	3
showed potent	3
another zoonotic	3
africa exhibit	3
aspartate aminotransferase	3
case reports	3
among covid	3
central china	3
diva software	3
national science	3
lung inflammation	3
testing showed	3
mem medium	3
robust immunocompetent	3
routine diagnostic	3
homologous influenza	3
infectious agent	3
bootstrap values	3
animal health	3
wide range	3
polymorphic dpp	3
rti symptoms	3
discharged children	3
metagenomic analysis	3
betacoronavirus causing	3
virus particles	3
bat species	3
asymptomatic infections	3
western blotting	3
ongoing gosling	3
seven novel	3
human bocavirus	3
enteric infections	3
side chain	3
operational recommendation	3
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largest single	3
relative binding	3
ics composed	3
developing neutralizing	3
sputum production	3
virus genome	3
independent positive	3
national research	3
rapid detection	3
expectorate saliva	3
motif nys	3
african strain	3
one horse	3
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pan american	3
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pediatric respiratory	3
biological inc	3
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porcine aminopeptidase	3
causing sars	3
centralized national	3
technology major	3
structural analysis	3
protein binding	3
obtained using	3
chemotactic activity	3
two pathways	3
might provide	3
combined data	3
stool showed	3
chn sd	3
collection devices	3
therapeutic antibodies	3
infection caused	3
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near full	3
cell lysate	3
oseltamivir treatment	3
laboratory animal	3
routinely used	3
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three novel	3
prospective study	3
crossspecies transmission	3
novel monoclonal	3
mountain gorillas	3
proinflammatory mediators	3
geographic area	3
antigen complexes	3
wuhan china	3
dna library	3
hospitalization among	3
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like particles	3
aiv circulation	3
mosquito bites	3
one respiratory	3
among different	3
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substitution model	3
throat swabs	3
three hpai	3
lung damage	3
eagle medium	3
confirmed human	3
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fatal case	3
porcine deltacoronaviruses	3
quality control	3
death occurred	3
also reduced	3
two pathogens	3
necrotic cells	3
adhesion molecule	3
mammalian viruses	3
dependent rna	3
shed light	3
bluetongue virus	3
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genome level	3
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mountain gorilla	3
gastroenteritis virus	3
hh cases	3
ics might	3
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old male	3
positive mutual	3
among patients	3
mab hnigga	3
lysosomal proteases	3
complex interactions	3
cholera toxin	3
twice daily	3
phnom penh	3
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pdm virus	3
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swine enteric	3
centrilobular liver	3
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vp gene	3
sequence similarity	3
mice pretreated	3
negative pressure	3
intermediate hosts	3
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gombe national	3
old man	3
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vp vp	3
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ccid ml	3
cell priming	3
coronavirus isolated	3
cytopathic effect	3
increasing number	3
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mycoplasma pneumoniae	3
heavy chain	3
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hrv carriage	3
viral identifications	3
graphpad software	3
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sore throat	3
accessory proteins	3
clinical syndromes	3
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free radicals	3
dpp interaction	3
serological investigation	3
published previously	3
two years	3
human immunoglobulin	3
dhbsag anti	3
fecal sample	3
naturally infected	3
etiological agent	3
fecal intestinal	3
different animals	3
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viral envelope	3
unique amino	3
every year	3
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goose chn	3
virus testing	3
large social	3
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already known	3
avian astrovirus	3
protein encoded	3
major project	3
longitudinal human	3
creatine kinase	3
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next investigated	3
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human exposure	3
identifications made	3
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laboratory animals	3
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special collection	3
bars indicate	3
sparrow fecal	3
mn chimera	3
rift valley	3
high titer	3
inflammatory responses	3
like sars	3
initial virus	3
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protein sequences	3
domestic poultry	3
alveolar macrophages	3
prv infection	3
animal species	3
nt orf	3
rna concentrations	3
wide variety	3
virus titre	3
chest radiography	3
chorioallantoic membrane	3
low level	3
primer pairs	3
susceptible cells	3
respiratory agents	3
widely detected	3
zoonotic betacoronavirus	3
daily transmission	3
terminal cmyc	3
three infected	3
zoonotic infection	3
based elisa	3
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ha protein	3
simian immunodeficiency	3
syncytial viruses	3
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intravenous immunoglobulin	3
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avian flu	3
cell type	3
coronavirus sars	3
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new species	3
thermal cycler	3
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horseradish peroxidase	3
ha genes	3
human whole	3
detectable virus	3
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stool samples	3
species isolated	3
enterovirus surveillance	3
shedding routes	3
research council	3
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subgenus sarbecovirus	3
respiratory papillomatosis	3
afp cases	3
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virus lifecycle	3
vertebrate host	3
body fluids	3
may serve	3
host cells	3
activated product	3
immunocompetent small	3
tumor necrosis	3
present wnv	3
usa ia	3
promote pdcov	3
collected days	3
severe symptoms	3
measured using	3
cellular receptors	3
previously characterized	3
zikv genomic	3
four successive	3
gel electrophoresis	3
syndrome outbreak	3
multiple avian	3
ev species	3
pdcov real	3
transmission efficiency	3
nonstructural protein	3
specific primers	3
induce stronger	3
medical ward	3
less likely	3
epidemic waves	3
particular modifications	3
particular concern	3
viral rnas	3
alere i	3
infected via	3
hku infection	3
randomly selected	3
high proportion	3
naturally occurring	3
fcs express	3
molecular testing	3
saharan africa	3
diseases caused	3
shedding detection	3
also discussed	3
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emerging hpai	3
zikv mabs	3
institutional animal	3
saliva collected	3
risk factor	3
rna shedding	3
chicken swabs	3
renal tubular	3
conducted among	3
swab cohort	3
ch sichuan	3
dramatic increase	3
arboviral diseases	3
antiviral therapy	3
east asia	3
binding kinetics	3
highly contagious	3
common ancestor	3
biotech co	3
frequent cause	3
sh strain	3
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clinical observation	3
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histologic examination	3
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analysis version	3
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viral pneumonia	3
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ngogo chimpanzees	3
endothelial cell	3
related hepatitis	3
envelope gp	3
kindly provided	3
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viral antigens	3
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roche diagnostics	3
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lsr ii	3
diverse mammalian	3
purification kit	3
stranded dna	3
prolonged viral	3
health capacity	3
coronavirus receptor	3
culture supernatant	3
table shows	3
pilgrims reported	3
endogenous antiviral	3
circulatory failure	3
serum albumin	3
mediated release	3
frequently detected	3
largely due	3
apparently healthy	3
also revealed	3
ace binding	3
nested pcrs	3
novel mammalian	3
powerful biological	3
sense rna	3
rate increased	3
numbers mh	3
phylogenetic relationship	3
novo software	3
four categories	3
antibody cr	3
study demonstrated	3
sybr green	3
deltacoronavirus supports	3
hours later	3
chinese patient	3
unported license	3
based assays	3
novel betacoronavirus	3
mast cells	3
glycosylation sites	3
asian strains	3
immunogenic complex	3
april th	3
local hospital	3
infection route	3
laboratory diagnostic	3
one study	3
sequences retrieved	3
simian agent	3
phagocytic cells	3
pathogenic coronavirus	3
also tested	3
significantly inhibited	3
sars outbreak	3
human health	3
also reported	3
transmission route	3
dpp residue	3
protein suppressed	3
provide evidence	3
therapeutic effect	3
viral isolation	3
samples compared	3
written consent	3
lao pdr	3
examination revealed	3
cell activation	3
truncation mutant	3
recently described	3
canine homolog	3
economic losses	3
see supplementary	3
several reports	3
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entry point	3
specific neutralizing	3
exhibited respiratory	3
cov isolates	3
astrovirus infections	3
potential risk	3
five years	3
virus disease	3
liver damage	3
working group	3
ecological changes	3
genetic analysis	3
histopathological examination	3
observational study	3
two highly	3
pseudovirus entry	3
mice died	3
different viral	3
sequencing data	3
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might account	3
may ultimately	3
indian hajj	3
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per well	3
based pcr	3
iii reverse	3
faecal samples	3
universal multiplex	3
infections per	3
antibodydependent enhancement	3
virus zika	3
bar compared	3
within months	3
ldh activities	3
highly potent	3
one family	3
ctl responses	3
wuhan outbreak	3
ag mice	3
strain usa	3
innate immunosuppressive	3
poultry populations	3
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initial denaturation	3
clinical setting	3
viral pneumonias	3
universal influenza	3
specific immune	3
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human use	3
protective antiviral	3
barre syndrome	3
us centers	3
outbreak strains	3
two times	3
igg protein	3
hcv infection	3
mice injected	3
reaction mix	3
situ hybridization	3
following primers	3
pathogens including	3
two individual	3
aastv goose	3
transmission rate	3
minelute pcr	3
sars epidemic	3
glass opacity	3
undiagnosed respiratory	3
positive pcr	3
ten days	3
china national	3
cell function	3
first imported	3
mountain view	3
strains associated	3
dpp gene	3
coronavirus fusion	3
medical university	3
newly proposed	3
american health	3
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viral surface	3
circulating ics	3
written informed	3
including sars	3
invasive pneumococcal	3
indirect immunofluorescence	3
confluency reached	3
mngs approach	3
flow research	3
dpp variants	3
rna based	3
second cohort	3
zhejiang university	3
lethal dose	3
binding interface	3
activation signal	3
dendritic cell	3
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antiviral monoclonal	3
transposon system	3
relatively small	3
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china isolation	3
viral genes	3
rhesus macaques	3
reactive protein	3
monocytes macrophages	3
rna negative	3
commercial broilers	3
sn chimera	3
predicted germline	3
specimens may	3
specific diagnostic	3
receptor ace	3
antiviral gene	3
strains tested	3
performed according	3
goslings showed	3
fatal human	3
specific monoclonal	3
heavy chains	3
one pathogen	3
envelope protein	3
clinical relevance	3
different respiratory	3
human receptor	3
world monkey	3
health problem	3
seasonal influenza	3
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adult respiratory	3
patients hospitalized	3
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laboratory testing	3
human viral	3
sequence comparison	3
acute liver	3
high mutation	3
bootstrap replicates	3
complete protection	3
antigen tests	3
will help	3
using multiplex	3
viruses identified	3
genome structure	3
underlying risk	3
independently associated	3
broad neutralization	3
envelope glycoproteins	3
mers cases	3
infected patient	3
viral sequence	3
wet market	3
study indicates	3
blood sample	3
lowland gorillas	3
epidemiological study	3
studies indicate	3
central nervous	3
vaccine candidate	3
study period	3
human genome	3
temporary left	3
different lineage	3
kenyan mers	3
results support	3
generic approach	3
pcr based	3
subsequent samples	3
swab positives	3
tubular epithelial	3
pathogenic coronaviruses	3
sequence identities	3
among poultry	3
constitutively active	3
goose reovirus	3
hajj pilgrimage	3
sparrow deltacoronavirus	3
pdcov spread	3
serum neutralization	3
important issue	3
protein glycosylation	3
mononuclear cells	3
approach identifies	3
virus envelope	3
simple method	3
troglodytes schweinfurthii	3
dpp harboring	3
emerging coronaviruses	3
deltacoronavirus infection	3
ii flow	3
surveillance studies	3
previously published	3
low pathogenicity	3
icu ward	3
insufficient npcs	3
respective dpp	3
high concentration	3
novel spdcov	3
nucleotide level	3
virus release	3
virus sequences	3
endoplasmic reticulum	3
cellular responses	3
lung parenchyma	3
pteropine orthoreoviruses	3
sequence ambiguities	3
expressed dpp	3
western hemisphere	3
survived goslings	3
virus titers	3
poult enteritis	3
two months	3
analysed using	3
observational data	3
transcription factors	3
whole virions	3
ah ha	3
many parts	3
high morbidity	3
like disease	3
high rates	3
family cluster	3
diseases novel	3
number hm	3
viral cross	3
key target	3
natural reservoir	3
elevated levels	3
research software	3
including deaths	3
two chimpanzee	3
foetal bovine	3
results confirmed	3
polymerase slippage	3
molecular evolution	3
single orf	3
signal sequence	3
respective control	3
four subjects	3
histopathological changes	3
fetal bovine	3
suspected cases	3
key laboratory	3
ape populations	3
based neutralization	3
blastx analysis	3
recent common	3
various types	3
pdcov pcr	3
culex mosquitoes	3
coronavirus species	3
pandemic virus	3
irf phosphorylation	3
poultry outbreaks	3
pcr kit	3
three highly	3
np swabs	3
poultry trade	3
pathogenicity avian	3
visceral gout	3
technical support	3
alt level	3
dry coughing	3
glycosylation motif	3
virus structural	3
ncov lab	3
dynamic changes	3
three structural	3
years ago	3
swine farms	3
humoral response	3
fowl adenovirus	3
dpp signals	3
six children	3
blood mononuclear	3
increased incidence	3
another hospital	3
nk cells	3
protein cleavage	3
arboviral disease	3
strongly associated	3
national natural	3
described elsewhere	3
automated thermal	3
findings indicate	3
zikv infections	3
laboratories within	3
rna positive	3
infectious virions	3
low shm	3
sino biological	3
facs diva	3
derived variant	3
medium containing	3
conserved among	3
also confirmed	3
cambodian lbms	3
fold dilutions	3
dna polymerase	3
competent vectors	3
large numbers	3
based mngs	3
emerging arbovirus	3
specific flaviviruses	3
protein also	3
exceptionally potent	3
allantoic fluids	3
fusion inhibitor	3
viral fusion	3
rna testing	3
truncation mutants	3
results also	3
fruit bat	3
transgen biotech	3
family coronaviridae	3
plate reader	2
genome copy	2
shanghai reported	2
antibody production	2
limited number	2
affinity chromatography	2
golgi intermediate	2
viral titration	2
human astroviruses	2
similar results	2
temporal trends	2
cov pathogenesis	2
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predispose chimpanzees	2
fold serial	2
commonly used	2
amniotic fluid	2
inducible protein	2
unexplained respiratory	2
fresh tissues	2
cell monolayers	2
two major	2
peak influenza	2
three camel	2
diarrhoea syndrome	2
metagenomic next	2
additional respiratory	2
rad laboratories	2
past five	2
least different	2
goose gout	2
increased risk	2
cells also	2
horse remained	2
infected ducks	2
two new	2
virus pneumonia	2
recently also	2
virus strains	2
mild respiratory	2
artery disease	2
climate change	2
per group	2
kidney tissues	2
immune deficiency	2
blood oxygen	2
anhui province	2
harbor diverse	2
global public	2
tmb substrate	2
person transmission	2
january th	2
astrovirus causing	2
based immunotherapy	2
arterial pressure	2
inhibits type	2
software inc	2
rlr signaling	2
since february	2
lower sensitivity	2
ncov viral	2
hia titre	2
neurological cases	2
made automatically	2
hepaciviral infection	2
mononucleotide polymeric	2
deletion mutant	2
important human	2
igg fc	2
proposed model	2
individual mutation	2
serological detection	2
candidate therapeutics	2
higher mortality	2
structural features	2
enters cells	2
effective strategy	2
representative sars	2
clinical presentations	2
low immunogenicity	2
ecori xhoi	2
develop novel	2
tb lymphocyte	2
epitope density	2
times higher	2
outside africa	2
mean arterial	2
also important	2
fc region	2
substantial economic	2
institut pasteur	2
laboratory training	2
recent emergence	2
reverse genetics	2
extraction kit	2
purulent sputum	2
pneumonia caused	2
human survivors	2
low mortality	2
intrinsic antibodydependent	2
mouse sera	2
viruses may	2
national center	2
hku strain	2
receptorbinding domain	2
polyclonal igg	2
fc antibody	2
milder symptoms	2
fluorescence intensity	2
cambodian live	2
parametric variables	2
complete genomic	2
containing fetal	2
sequences within	2
flu rsv	2
many patients	2
mice influenza	2
confirmed mers	2
stop codon	2
biochemical properties	2
new clinical	2
institutional review	2
every epidemic	2
healthy adults	2
studies conducted	2
infant macaques	2
laboratory capabilities	2
less pronounced	2
fresh medium	2
infection influenza	2
hand washing	2
etiological agents	2
swabs detection	2
positive cells	2
sensitive detection	2
colloidal gold	2
escherichia coli	2
species tropism	2
luc reporter	2
infecting humans	2
cov failed	2
close contacts	2
culex tritaeniorhynchus	2
computed using	2
samples included	2
carriage rates	2
newly described	2
collecting saliva	2
remained positive	2
provides protection	2
fluid samples	2
assay also	2
na inhibitors	2
rnadependent rna	2
fatal visceral	2
immune serum	2
receptor interaction	2
repeated testing	2
neutralization assays	2
synthesis kit	2
functional domains	2
disinfectant gel	2
neutralizing humoral	2
used instead	2
reactive oxygen	2
sort within	2
orthoreovirus species	2
usa illinois	2
coronavirus diversity	2
transfected cells	2
initial tree	2
novel circular	2
either tested	2
lethal cases	2
adapt immunity	2
highly expressed	2
arterial oxygen	2
states possessed	2