Distant Reader - journal-frontPsychol-cord

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-30 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader cord process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of CORD, a data set of scholarly articles on the topic of COVID-19. The actual query was: facet_journal:"Front Psychol". The results of this query were saved in a cache and transformed into a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 57 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 164,571 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 5,485 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 49. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

covid, health, study, psychological, also, social, risk, pandemic, self, participants, time, stress, behavior, research, people, well, model, anxiety, data, may, related, mental, life, higher, children, high, i, effect, scale, impact, perceived, measures, public, significant, studies, results, positive, negative, two, among, will, effects, emotional, fear, sample, analysis, reported, levels, factors, one

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Correlates of Health-Protective Behavior During the Initial Days of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Norway, Italians on the Age of COVID-19: The Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Through Web-Based Survey, and Coping With COVID-19: Emergency Stress, Secondary Trauma and Self-Efficacy in Healthcare and Emergency Workers in Italy.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

mental health, medical staff, risk perception, life education, psychological well, depressive symptoms, injury behavior, psychological distress, psychological impact, present study, social distancing, general population, public health, healthcare workers, public authorities, child attachment, current study, higher levels, informed consent, coping strategies, physical activity, coronavirus disease, previous studies, family environment, young people, positive psychology, health problems, university students, protective behavior, health care, novel coronavirus, data collection, coping style, negative emotions, perceived severity, cord uid, front psychol, doc id, psychol doi, respiratory syndrome, united states, emotional coping, social support, individual differences, higher scores, significant differences, risk factors, high school, negative emotion, social isolation

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Impact of the Family Environment on the Emotional State of Medical Staff During the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy Mental Health Through the COVID-19 Quarantine: A Growth Curve Analysis on Italian Young Adults, and Expatriates’ Multiple Fears, from Terrorism to Working Conditions: Development of a Model.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

covid-19, italy, fear, child, self, italian, sars, risk, psychological, health, china, stress, social, robot, parent, model, education, behavior, workplace, vietnam, usa, upob, united, unemployed, trust, training, time, thi, tfd, teacher, task, taiwan, symptom, study, stimulus, states, staff, specie, spanish, spain, south, severity, seligman, schofield, sas, ryff, robovie, right, responsibility, quarantine

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be covid, and The Importance of Human Emotions for Wildlife Conservation is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

covid, health, 2020 - Differences Between Health Workers and General Population in Risk Perception, Behaviors, and Psychological Distress Related to COVID-19 Spread in Italy
time, pandemic, decision - Police Perfection: Examining the Effect of Trait Maximization on Police Decision-Making
trust, study, gambling - Things That Go Bump in the Literature: An Environmental Appraisal of “Haunted Houses”
children, self, behavior - The Neurosciences of Health Communication: An fNIRS Analysis of Prefrontal Cortex and Porn Consumption in Young Women for the Development of Prevention Health Programs
life, education, positive - Introducing the Study of Life and Death Education to Support the Importance of Positive Psychology: An Integrated Model of Philosophical Beliefs, Religious Faith, and Spirituality

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

study, health, participants, risk, self, pandemic, people, children, behavior, time, stress, research, data, life, model, anxiety, effect, measures, studies, results, scale, effects, impact, sample, levels, fear, variables, factors, analysis, information, symptoms, level, age, role, outbreak, group, work, differences, students, workers, perception, population, items, education, relationship, control, emotions, trust, quarantine, individuals

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

used, show, reported, perceived, related, including, find, making, increasing, providing, based, associated, affect, considered, compared, indicated, take, suggested, seen, followed, developed, conducted, coping, experiencing, reduced, assessing, focused, gives, identify, feel, leading, causing, working, living, tested, measured, involving, supported, regarded, predict, explore, helps, participated, contributed, presents, analyze, asking, according, investigated, seek

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

COVID-19, Italy, China, SARS, Health, March, PA, Table, OI, Social, Spain, University, HFS, M, United, PTSD, Cronbach, Wuhan, Likert, EMOCB, Education, Coronavirus, Seligman, Psychol, COVID19, sha, World, States, April, Psychology, Model, Wang, |, February, Research, Organization, Mexico, Group, Houran, Chen, Anxiety, Persinger, Hong, H1N1, CI, Stress, Questionnaire, Psychological, North, Kong

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

their, we, it, they, our, i, its, them, you, us, my, themselves, his, your, one, her, he, me, itself, oneself, she, myself, him, yourself, ourselves, himself, herself, 's, ours

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

psychological, social, mental, higher, high, significant, negative, positive, emotional, public, different, covid-19, physical, human, online, important, personal, general, previous, new, first, current, present, cognitive, medical, organizational, non, individual, protective, lower, italian, possible, low, specific, young, greater, many, likely, recent, behavioral, several, economic, total, main, future, severe, potential, depressive, academic, psychosocial

also, well, however, therefore, even, significantly, moreover, less, often, specifically, especially, first, finally, positively, particularly, furthermore, strongly, still, much, already, indeed, negatively, highly, rather, respectively, relatively, online, mainly, hence, statistically, similarly, never, potentially, frequently, directly, fully, now, recently, likewise, generally, almost, usually, n't, just, better, always, closely, together, additionally, currently

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.