This is a table of type trigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.
trigram | frequency |
---|---|
transmissible gastroenteritis virus | 718 |
of transmissible gastroenteritis | 304 |
porcine epidemic diarrhea | 302 |
epidemic diarrhea virus | 256 |
the presence of | 223 |
in this study | 217 |
transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus | 203 |
the s protein | 202 |
porcine respiratory coronavirus | 195 |
mouse hepatitis virus | 147 |
of the s | 146 |
the expression of | 143 |
according to the | 137 |
of the tgev | 130 |
infected with tgev | 127 |
for h at | 125 |
as well as | 122 |
the cells were | 119 |
for min at | 116 |
of the virus | 114 |
porcine transmissible gastroenteritis | 113 |
in the presence | 110 |
of porcine epidemic | 105 |
data not shown | 101 |
end of the | 100 |
was used to | 100 |
reproductive and respiratory | 98 |
and respiratory syndrome | 97 |
porcine reproductive and | 97 |
tgev and prcv | 94 |
infectious bronchitis virus | 94 |
cells infected with | 94 |
the s gene | 93 |
feline infectious peritonitis | 92 |
at room temperature | 89 |
in the s | 87 |
of tgev and | 87 |
results showed that | 87 |
respiratory syndrome virus | 86 |
as shown in | 86 |
that tgev infection | 85 |
the use of | 82 |
the detection of | 82 |
in order to | 81 |
of the coronavirus | 80 |
were infected with | 79 |
the role of | 79 |
the absence of | 78 |
it has been | 78 |
in the tgev | 78 |
analysis of the | 77 |
the effect of | 76 |
compared with the | 76 |
shown in fig | 76 |
based on the | 76 |
a and b | 76 |
we found that | 74 |
sequence of the | 73 |
were used to | 71 |
cells were infected | 70 |
the level of | 70 |
the present study | 69 |
were transfected with | 69 |
the leader rna | 69 |
the m protein | 69 |
intestinal epithelial cells | 69 |
involved in the | 68 |
were incubated with | 68 |
showed that the | 68 |
tgev n protein | 67 |
pedv and tgev | 67 |
acute respiratory syndrome | 67 |
severe acute respiratory | 67 |
due to the | 66 |
used as a | 65 |
in cell culture | 64 |
for the detection | 63 |
was used as | 63 |
the small intestine | 62 |
j cells were | 61 |
the levels of | 61 |
has been shown | 60 |
cell cycle arrest | 59 |
been shown to | 59 |
tgev and pedv | 59 |
an important role | 59 |
cells were transfected | 58 |
in st cells | 58 |
to transmissible gastroenteritis | 58 |
the effects of | 57 |
of tgev in | 56 |
to determine the | 56 |
the development of | 55 |
of porcine transmissible | 55 |
the percentage of | 55 |
strain of tgev | 55 |
important role in | 54 |
cells were washed | 54 |
gastroenteritis virus and | 54 |
the amount of | 54 |
of tgev infection | 53 |
in the present | 53 |
in the absence | 53 |
role in the | 53 |
the results showed | 52 |
were treated with | 52 |
the production of | 52 |
infectious peritonitis virus | 52 |
the surface of | 51 |
washed three times | 51 |
three times with | 51 |
of mouse hepatitis | 51 |
of the viral | 51 |
t cells were | 51 |
the cell membrane | 50 |
and porcine respiratory | 50 |
have shown that | 50 |
was detected in | 50 |
a receptor for | 50 |
hek t cells | 50 |
the transmissible gastroenteritis | 50 |
were analyzed by | 50 |
the number of | 49 |
expression of the | 49 |
of the genome | 49 |
respiratory syndrome coronavirus | 49 |
with tgev at | 49 |
virus and porcine | 49 |
most of the | 48 |
detected in the | 48 |
porcine epidemic diarrhoea | 48 |
the formation of | 48 |
observed in the | 48 |
than that of | 48 |
the activation of | 48 |
the cell surface | 48 |
of the porcine | 47 |
cells were incubated | 47 |
derived from the | 47 |
that of the | 47 |
cells in the | 47 |
is required for | 47 |
one of the | 47 |
protein of tgev | 46 |
tgev s protein | 46 |
the tgev s | 45 |
the united states | 45 |
are shown in | 45 |
region of the | 45 |
was added to | 45 |
were used as | 44 |
on the surface | 44 |
binding to the | 44 |
the ability of | 44 |
as a receptor | 44 |
as previously described | 44 |
cells were fixed | 43 |
st cells were | 43 |
in addition to | 43 |
has not been | 43 |
of tgev was | 43 |
is involved in | 43 |
the spike protein | 43 |
a role in | 43 |
at h post | 42 |
the n protein | 42 |
as described previously | 42 |
responsible for the | 42 |
structure of the | 42 |
three independent experiments | 42 |
the regulation of | 41 |
the binding of | 41 |
were inoculated with | 41 |
were grown in | 41 |
were purchased from | 41 |
by tgev infection | 41 |
expression levels of | 41 |
there was no | 40 |
s protein of | 40 |
the replication of | 40 |
and g m | 40 |
was carried out | 40 |
was observed in | 40 |
compared to the | 40 |
the loss of | 39 |
the end of | 39 |
during tgev infection | 39 |
a variety of | 39 |
porcine aminopeptidase n | 39 |
for min and | 39 |
characterization of a | 39 |
a member of | 39 |
found to be | 39 |
any of the | 39 |
to that of | 39 |
lactic acid bacteria | 39 |
used in this | 38 |
were fixed with | 38 |
the genomic rna | 38 |
cells were treated | 38 |
in the cytoplasm | 38 |
the sensitivity of | 38 |
virus in the | 38 |
results suggest that | 38 |
activation of p | 38 |
antibody binding to | 38 |
in the united | 38 |
were observed in | 37 |
present in the | 37 |
to determine whether | 37 |
consistent with the | 37 |
member of the | 37 |
at h p | 37 |
detection of tgev | 37 |
of the n | 37 |
rna was extracted | 37 |
the results of | 37 |
in the viral | 36 |
the cell cycle | 36 |
has been reported | 36 |
fetal bovine serum | 36 |
was isolated from | 36 |
against transmissible gastroenteritis | 36 |
of the cell | 36 |
g for min | 36 |
on the cell | 36 |
of the leader | 36 |
cov n proteins | 36 |
indicating that the | 36 |
of the spike | 36 |
conjugated goat anti | 36 |
cells transfected with | 35 |
changes in the | 35 |
cells treated with | 35 |
of the two | 35 |
the e protein | 35 |
was determined by | 35 |
shown to be | 35 |
in the intestinal | 35 |
diarrhea virus in | 35 |
results indicate that | 35 |
open reading frame | 35 |
min at room | 35 |
sequence analysis of | 35 |
development of a | 35 |
was performed using | 35 |
higher than that | 35 |
coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis | 35 |
were stained with | 35 |
was detected by | 35 |
is a major | 34 |
found in the | 34 |
infected st cells | 34 |
the mechanism of | 34 |
play an important | 34 |
total rna was | 34 |
the interaction between | 34 |
with pbs and | 34 |
times with pbs | 34 |
were washed three | 34 |
of porcine respiratory | 34 |
a total of | 34 |
the induction of | 34 |
has also been | 34 |
gastroenteritis virus in | 33 |
days after infection | 33 |
from transmissible gastroenteritis | 33 |
molecular biology of | 33 |
significantly higher than | 33 |
domain of the | 33 |
used for the | 33 |
wang et al | 33 |
of the three | 33 |
s and g | 33 |
were obtained from | 33 |
associated with the | 33 |
cd t cells | 33 |
to investigate the | 33 |
for tgev and | 33 |
in our study | 33 |
were added to | 33 |
aminopeptidase n is | 33 |
epidemic diarrhoea virus | 33 |
was supported by | 33 |
demonstrated that the | 32 |
by centrifugation at | 32 |
in the small | 32 |
the control of | 32 |
in the cells | 32 |
between tgev and | 32 |
and porcine epidemic | 32 |
and incubated with | 32 |
was used for | 32 |
in transgenic plants | 31 |
epidermal growth factor | 31 |
to those of | 31 |
the sequence of | 31 |
laude et al | 31 |
in infected cells | 31 |
isolated from the | 31 |
in the same | 31 |
of the m | 31 |
strand rna synthesis | 31 |
in the gut | 31 |
receptor for the | 31 |
in the cell | 31 |
of infected cells | 31 |
added to the | 31 |
incubated for h | 31 |
the synthesis of | 31 |
was significantly higher | 31 |
cloned into the | 31 |
gastroenteritis virus infection | 31 |
coronavirus spike protein | 31 |
detection of transmissible | 31 |
shown in table | 31 |
all of the | 31 |
similar to that | 30 |
after tgev infection | 30 |
the tgev group | 30 |
in vitro and | 30 |
infected with the | 30 |
was found to | 30 |
be involved in | 30 |
to be a | 30 |
western blot analysis | 30 |
to evaluate the | 30 |
found that tgev | 30 |
used in the | 30 |
transmissible gastroenteritis of | 30 |
presence of the | 29 |
was purchased from | 29 |
in tgev infection | 29 |
p and jnk | 29 |
the case of | 29 |
a number of | 29 |
results indicated that | 29 |
each of the | 29 |
that in the | 29 |
play a role | 29 |
n is a | 29 |
activation of the | 29 |
with transmissible gastroenteritis | 29 |
the plasma membrane | 29 |
then incubated with | 29 |
high levels of | 29 |
transmissible gastroenteritis in | 28 |
to study the | 28 |
the coronavirus transmissible | 28 |
to the cell | 28 |
were used for | 28 |
multiplicity of infection | 28 |
this work was | 28 |
to assess the | 28 |
monoclonal antibodies to | 28 |
and transmissible gastroenteritis | 28 |
were detected in | 28 |
zhang et al | 28 |
of a coronavirus | 28 |
similar to the | 28 |
sialic acid binding | 28 |
induced by tgev | 28 |
such as the | 28 |
b and c | 28 |
indicated that the | 28 |
the cell culture | 28 |
the tgev genome | 28 |
by western blotting | 27 |
the expression levels | 27 |
the respiratory tract | 27 |
was analyzed by | 27 |
li et al | 27 |
the basis of | 27 |
genome sequence of | 27 |
avian infectious bronchitis | 27 |
the family coronaviridae | 27 |
in the regulation | 27 |
growth factor receptor | 27 |
in the case | 27 |
showed that tgev | 27 |
shown in figure | 27 |
the degree of | 27 |
amino acid sequence | 27 |
related to transmissible | 27 |
the leader sequence | 27 |
of a novel | 27 |
found that the | 27 |
sites of the | 27 |
strains of tgev | 27 |
the virus was | 27 |
rapid detection of | 27 |
amino acid changes | 27 |
hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus | 27 |
related to the | 27 |
in transmissible gastroenteritis | 27 |
it is not | 27 |
of murine coronavirus | 27 |
and incubated at | 27 |
of the e | 27 |
and incubated for | 27 |
the viral genome | 27 |
in contrast to | 27 |
are involved in | 27 |
swine transmissible gastroenteritis | 26 |
lower than that | 26 |
is associated with | 26 |
has been demonstrated | 26 |
with the tgev | 26 |
similar to those | 26 |
inoculated with tgev | 26 |
and st cells | 26 |
supplemented with fetal | 26 |
infection with tgev | 26 |
for h and | 26 |
characterization of the | 26 |
is responsible for | 26 |
in our laboratory | 26 |
diarrhea virus and | 26 |
have been developed | 26 |
was performed with | 26 |
in the us | 26 |
suggesting that the | 26 |
with fetal bovine | 26 |
biology of coronaviruses | 26 |
of the small | 26 |
s protein was | 26 |
of the cells | 26 |
in a co | 26 |
swine enteric coronaviruses | 26 |
and in the | 25 |
between the two | 25 |
of porcine reproductive | 25 |
with tgev and | 25 |
tgev spike protein | 25 |
g m phase | 25 |
coronavirus nucleocapsid protein | 25 |
for detection of | 25 |
open reading frames | 25 |
s protein is | 25 |
tgev infection in | 25 |
in agreement with | 25 |
room temperature for | 25 |
been reported to | 25 |
samples were collected | 25 |
studies have shown | 25 |
gene of tgev | 25 |
the host cell | 25 |
as described above | 25 |
to be the | 25 |
coronavirus infectious bronchitis | 25 |
the n gene | 25 |
performed as described | 25 |
the pathogenesis of | 25 |
of tgev n | 25 |
the authors declare | 25 |
were detected by | 25 |
comparison of the | 25 |
fetal calf serum | 25 |
been shown that | 25 |
these results suggest | 25 |
suggests that the | 25 |
delmas et al | 25 |
can be used | 25 |
hepatitis c virus | 25 |
complete genome sequence | 25 |
differences in the | 25 |
major antigenic sites | 25 |
receptor for tgev | 25 |
gastroenteritis of swine | 25 |
of enteric tropism | 25 |
previous studies have | 25 |
colon epithelial cells | 25 |
in tissue culture | 25 |
cells were grown | 24 |
and of the | 24 |
terminal domain of | 24 |
control of the | 24 |
of neutralizing antibodies | 24 |
and characterization of | 24 |
specificity of the | 24 |
the specificity of | 24 |
amino acid sequences | 24 |
the immune response | 24 |
the molecular biology | 24 |
on the basis | 24 |
at the end | 24 |
washed with pbs | 24 |
porcine intestinal epithelial | 24 |
is essential for | 24 |
loss of enteric | 24 |
colostrum and milk | 24 |
of feline infectious | 24 |
mucosal immune responses | 24 |
were incubated for | 24 |
closely related to | 24 |
work was supported | 24 |
the construction of | 24 |
was resuspended in | 24 |
kim et al | 24 |
at the same | 24 |
detection of porcine | 24 |
could not be | 24 |
in which the | 24 |
virulent and attenuated | 24 |
of viral rna | 24 |
type i interferon | 24 |
than that in | 24 |
located in the | 24 |
c for min | 24 |
washed twice with | 24 |
cell lysates were | 24 |
the supernatant was | 24 |
depending on the | 24 |
cells were cultured | 23 |
in the lp | 23 |
of the genomic | 23 |
antigenic sites of | 23 |
well as the | 23 |
fixed with paraformaldehyde | 23 |
ileum and colon | 23 |
the s and | 23 |
the golgi complex | 23 |
min at rt | 23 |
appears to be | 23 |
those of the | 23 |
in gnotobiotic pigs | 23 |
a porcine respiratory | 23 |
assay was performed | 23 |
both tgev and | 23 |
pigs inoculated with | 23 |
cells which were | 23 |
vesicular stomatitis virus | 23 |
ileum epithelial cells | 23 |
gastroenteritis in pigs | 23 |
were washed with | 23 |
were determined by | 23 |
suggested that the | 23 |
the structure of | 23 |
the concentration of | 23 |
and then incubated | 23 |
coronavirus mouse hepatitis | 23 |
nucleotide sequence of | 23 |
data indicate that | 23 |
in response to | 23 |
this study was | 23 |
identification of a | 23 |
to analyze the | 23 |
of antibody binding | 23 |
but not in | 22 |
some of the | 22 |
bovine serum albumin | 22 |
the infection of | 22 |
chen et al | 22 |
part of the | 22 |
of e protein | 22 |
by transmissible gastroenteritis | 22 |
have not been | 22 |
in the n | 22 |
acid binding activity | 22 |
apn and egfr | 22 |
the nucleoprotein gene | 22 |
is consistent with | 22 |
garwes et al | 22 |
of the prcv | 22 |
pcr assay for | 22 |
plays an important | 22 |
the s glycoprotein | 22 |
virus infection induces | 22 |
was obtained from | 22 |
the di rna | 22 |
the ability to | 22 |
of severe acute | 22 |
of the same | 22 |
sodium dodecyl sulfate | 22 |
the virus in | 22 |
used to detect | 22 |
and the virus | 22 |
in the virus | 22 |
size of the | 22 |
inserted into the | 22 |
of st cells | 22 |
epithelial cells of | 22 |
in the intestine | 22 |
pi k akt | 22 |
viral rna synthesis | 22 |
with respect to | 22 |
because of the | 22 |
of s protein | 22 |
to confirm the | 22 |
the nature of | 22 |
of a porcine | 22 |
n protein of | 22 |
as described by | 21 |
with ml of | 21 |
have been reported | 21 |
and tgev infection | 21 |
linked immunosorbent assay | 21 |
infected cells were | 21 |
these results indicate | 21 |
g m phases | 21 |
m protein was | 21 |
cellular receptor for | 21 |
was found in | 21 |
swine enteric coronavirus | 21 |
were subjected to | 21 |
gene of transmissible | 21 |
cells were then | 21 |
after h of | 21 |
shown that the | 21 |
and stained with | 21 |
were found to | 21 |
and stored at | 21 |
has been described | 21 |
the spike gene | 21 |
of p and | 21 |
in the early | 21 |
of three independent | 21 |
orf a and | 21 |
have been used | 21 |
terminus of the | 21 |
at an moi | 21 |
the samples were | 21 |
no significant difference | 21 |
the course of | 21 |
by flow cytometry | 21 |
ingezim corona diferencial | 21 |
wesley et al | 21 |
the generation of | 21 |
immune response to | 21 |
pcv and tgev | 21 |
and cloned into | 21 |
the lack of | 21 |
m and s | 21 |
under the control | 21 |
a multiplicity of | 21 |
of tgev to | 21 |
the coronaviridae family | 21 |
intestinal epithelial cell | 21 |
tgev infection and | 21 |
suggest that the | 21 |
were cultured in | 21 |
innate immune response | 21 |
different time points | 21 |
tgev in the | 20 |
viral genomic rna | 20 |
cells were collected | 20 |
in newborn piglets | 20 |
were pretreated with | 20 |
in suckling piglets | 20 |
an moi of | 20 |
protein is a | 20 |
by western blot | 20 |
liu et al | 20 |
two types of | 20 |
murine hepatitis virus | 20 |
is a member | 20 |
the same time | 20 |
of the protein | 20 |
and orf b | 20 |
have been described | 20 |
expressed as the | 20 |
study showed that | 20 |
supported by the | 20 |
there is a | 20 |
in the study | 20 |
that the tgev | 20 |
in comparison with | 20 |
c for h | 20 |
the plates were | 20 |
increase in the | 20 |
in the control | 20 |
was incubated with | 20 |
c and d | 20 |
for pedv and | 20 |
the amino acid | 20 |
a series of | 20 |
replication in the | 20 |
downstream of the | 20 |
at a multiplicity | 20 |
the m gene | 20 |
the possibility of | 20 |
a transmissible gastroenteritis | 20 |
vitro and in | 20 |
of the disease | 20 |
at different time | 20 |
of maternal antibodies | 20 |
leader rna sequence | 20 |
of the orf | 20 |
to the s | 20 |
herpes simplex virus | 20 |
were fixed in | 20 |
human coronavirus e | 20 |
were carried out | 20 |
paraformaldehyde for min | 20 |
the site of | 20 |
infected with rtgev | 20 |
of all ages | 20 |
polymerase chain reaction | 20 |
f i p | 20 |
the tgev rbd | 20 |
was performed in | 20 |
were found in | 20 |
immune responses in | 19 |
mutations in the | 19 |
there is no | 19 |
detection of the | 19 |
treated with lp | 19 |
gastroenteritis virus by | 19 |
the fact that | 19 |
revealed that the | 19 |
the control group | 19 |
as described in | 19 |
of p mapk | 19 |
the tgev nucleoprotein | 19 |
incubated with the | 19 |
godet et al | 19 |
corresponding to the | 19 |
the nucleocapsid protein | 19 |
of the villi | 19 |
the culture medium | 19 |
enteric and respiratory | 19 |
in the spike | 19 |
was extracted from | 19 |
tgev for h | 19 |
was no significant | 19 |
to tgev infection | 19 |
n protein was | 19 |
were cloned into | 19 |
song et al | 19 |
tgev m protein | 19 |
to the n | 19 |
related porcine respiratory | 19 |
added to each | 19 |
tgev and pcv | 19 |
protein expressed in | 19 |
than in the | 19 |
deletion in the | 19 |
resulting in the | 19 |
required for the | 19 |
mucosal immune system | 19 |
and in vivo | 19 |
risco et al | 19 |
induced by the | 19 |
with or without | 19 |
the piglets were | 19 |
a mixture of | 19 |
not essential for | 19 |
from three independent | 19 |
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis | 19 |
the sialic acid | 19 |
cycle arrest and | 19 |
the addition of | 19 |
protein of transmissible | 19 |
indicates that the | 19 |
nature of the | 19 |
sensitivity of the | 19 |
may be a | 19 |
coronavirus related to | 19 |
in the infection | 19 |
dna and rna | 19 |
a and orf | 19 |
probably due to | 19 |
the viral rna | 19 |
of cell cycle | 19 |
interaction between the | 19 |
were washed twice | 19 |
m protein is | 19 |
the ratio of | 19 |
of the intestinal | 19 |
the importance of | 18 |
arrest and apoptosis | 18 |
of the assay | 18 |
of the pedv | 18 |
degree of antibody | 18 |
that the virus | 18 |
pcr products were | 18 |
obtained from the | 18 |
understanding of the | 18 |
tgev n gene | 18 |
the gene encoding | 18 |
indicate that the | 18 |
the porcine epidemic | 18 |
used as the | 18 |
compared to that | 18 |
we investigated the | 18 |
ren et al | 18 |
level of p | 18 |
sequences of the | 18 |
in cell cultures | 18 |
immune responses to | 18 |
human immunodeficiency virus | 18 |
and that the | 18 |
sites a and | 18 |
the influence of | 18 |
site of the | 18 |
to detect the | 18 |
in ml of | 18 |
at the indicated | 18 |
epithelial cells and | 18 |
the in vitro | 18 |
the porcine transmissible | 18 |
the possibility that | 18 |
tgev infection induced | 18 |
is an important | 18 |
hepatitis virus strain | 18 |
the enteric tropism | 18 |
of bovine coronavirus | 18 |
piglets in the | 18 |
have been identified | 18 |
were isolated from | 18 |
of the recombinant | 18 |
expressed in transgenic | 18 |
antibodies in the | 18 |
have been shown | 18 |
the inhibition of | 18 |
were performed in | 18 |
the study of | 18 |
role in tgev | 18 |
mouth disease virus | 18 |
the difference in | 18 |
pigs infected with | 18 |
ding et al | 18 |
of orf a | 18 |
as a control | 18 |
of a new | 18 |
for the expression | 18 |
in the serum | 18 |
at the n | 18 |
p mapk pathway | 18 |
ranging from to | 18 |
essential for the | 18 |
surface of the | 18 |
the villous enterocytes | 17 |
belong to the | 17 |
to the cells | 17 |
is a highly | 17 |
of this study | 17 |
structure of transmissible | 17 |
of the transmissible | 17 |
functional receptor for | 17 |
ortego et al | 17 |
on the other | 17 |
expression in the | 17 |
for the first | 17 |
bind to the | 17 |
the infectivity of | 17 |
is the most | 17 |
half of the | 17 |
corona diferencial elisa | 17 |
the m and | 17 |
and colon epithelial | 17 |
in a dose | 17 |
in the respiratory | 17 |
with paraformaldehyde for | 17 |
demonstrated that tgev | 17 |
appear to be | 17 |
and evolution of | 17 |
important roles in | 17 |
was confirmed by | 17 |
cell culture adapted | 17 |
s gene of | 17 |
levels in the | 17 |
was performed by | 17 |
transcription of tgev | 17 |
is a receptor | 17 |
tgev replication in | 17 |
was inserted into | 17 |
cells were seeded | 17 |
was lower than | 17 |
to the tgev | 17 |
cells per well | 17 |
performed using the | 17 |
conflict of interest | 17 |
the detection limit | 17 |
was performed as | 17 |
identification of the | 17 |
be used for | 17 |
be detected in | 17 |
with tgev for | 17 |
binding of the | 17 |
cells were pretreated | 17 |
the intestinal epithelium | 17 |
incubated for min | 17 |
it is possible | 17 |
in the usa | 17 |
thirds of the | 17 |
replication of tgev | 17 |
relative to the | 17 |
of glycoprotein s | 17 |
svanovir tgev prcv | 17 |
is not essential | 17 |
pedv s protein | 17 |
included in the | 17 |
vennema et al | 17 |
processing of the | 17 |
transferred to a | 17 |
infected cells and | 17 |
to the nucleus | 17 |
were compared with | 17 |
with a virulent | 17 |
were collected at | 17 |
were performed using | 17 |
mediated by the | 17 |
experiments were performed | 17 |
of a recombinant | 17 |
the growth of | 17 |
were used in | 17 |
crystal structure of | 17 |
result in the | 17 |
difference in the | 17 |
the mucosal immune | 17 |
the purdue strain | 16 |
was significantly lower | 16 |
the phosphorylation of | 16 |
with bound tgev | 16 |
is the first | 16 |
transfected with the | 16 |
located within the | 16 |
enjuanes et al | 16 |
did not show | 16 |
of tgev gene | 16 |
the tgev m | 16 |
of tgev is | 16 |
major structural proteins | 16 |
leader rna sequences | 16 |
were cotransfected with | 16 |
aynaud et al | 16 |
the clinical signs | 16 |
neutralizing antibody titers | 16 |
sethna et al | 16 |
to infection with | 16 |
coronavirus is a | 16 |
the release of | 16 |
in the swine | 16 |
of tgev were | 16 |
a negative control | 16 |
to of the | 16 |
which is a | 16 |
led to the | 16 |
major receptor for | 16 |
presence of a | 16 |
of these viruses | 16 |
the epithelial cells | 16 |
with the exception | 16 |
was evaluated by | 16 |
virus infection in | 16 |
with diarrhea in | 16 |
in cells infected | 16 |
sglt and glut | 16 |
followed by a | 16 |
jejunum and ileum | 16 |
a major receptor | 16 |
of tgev pl | 16 |
in the pig | 16 |
terminal half of | 16 |
that had been | 16 |
differentially expressed lncrnas | 16 |
of the human | 16 |
with n protein | 16 |
authors declare that | 16 |
to tgev and | 16 |
the sa protein | 16 |
zhou et al | 16 |
spike gene of | 16 |
results demonstrated that | 16 |
results suggested that | 16 |
apn positive cells | 16 |
results show that | 16 |
apn negative cells | 16 |
were incubated at | 16 |
cavanagh et al | 16 |
the largest rna | 16 |
lactogenic immunity against | 16 |
leading to the | 16 |
the activity of | 16 |
of the purdue | 16 |
for viral replication | 16 |
sites on the | 16 |
of the mhv | 16 |
and the tgev | 16 |
the recombinant lactobacillus | 16 |
detection limit of | 16 |
are essential for | 16 |
in the pbs | 16 |
mucosal and systemic | 16 |
glucose uptake in | 16 |
this study were | 16 |
binding of tgev | 16 |
coe and rlppg | 16 |
the mortality rate | 16 |
four major antigenic | 16 |
be due to | 16 |
was expressed in | 16 |
the jejunum of | 16 |
epithelial cell line | 16 |
early in infection | 16 |
after infection with | 16 |
were significantly higher | 16 |
influenza a virus | 16 |
cs a fibrillae | 16 |
and e proteins | 16 |
the s proteins | 16 |
absence of e | 16 |
pcr was performed | 16 |
gene of the | 16 |
tropism of the | 16 |
of p signaling | 16 |
virulent strain of | 16 |
as a result | 16 |
were able to | 16 |
evidence for a | 16 |
demonstrates that the | 16 |
virus replication in | 16 |
in the nucleus | 16 |
the isolation of | 16 |
that there is | 16 |
to amplify the | 16 |
virus binding to | 16 |
similar results were | 16 |
is not known | 16 |
when compared to | 16 |
clinical signs of | 16 |
that tgev n | 16 |
and immunogenicity of | 16 |
the majority of | 16 |
cells of the | 16 |
virus spike protein | 16 |
to each well | 16 |
of epithelial cells | 15 |
and treated with | 15 |
is difficult to | 15 |
of viral replication | 15 |
were expressed as | 15 |
effect on the | 15 |
interact with the | 15 |
with regard to | 15 |
located at the | 15 |
the distribution of | 15 |
with tgev antigen | 15 |
were transferred to | 15 |
two amino acid | 15 |
antigenic structure of | 15 |
in the porcine | 15 |
the orf gene | 15 |
molecular basis of | 15 |
mesenteric lymph node | 15 |
members of the | 15 |
the efficiency of | 15 |
was shown to | 15 |
cruz et al | 15 |
higher in the | 15 |
were removed by | 15 |
indirect fluorescent antibody | 15 |
stranded rna genome | 15 |
small intestine and | 15 |
j cells treated | 15 |
suggest that tgev | 15 |
as a negative | 15 |
addition to the | 15 |
cells were used | 15 |
in dmem containing | 15 |
recombinant s protein | 15 |
of pedv and | 15 |
tgev at a | 15 |
cell cycle progression | 15 |
makino et al | 15 |
in terms of | 15 |
i and ii | 15 |
the assembly of | 15 |
the viral membrane | 15 |
and expression of | 15 |
interacts with the | 15 |
jiang et al | 15 |
is possible that | 15 |
the insertion of | 15 |
the time of | 15 |
the membrane protein | 15 |
for porcine epidemic | 15 |
the structural proteins | 15 |
a polypeptide of | 15 |
entry into cells | 15 |
the viral envelope | 15 |
identified in the | 15 |
in the loss | 15 |
of the papn | 15 |
compared with that | 15 |
of the coronaviridae | 15 |
evolution of the | 15 |
levels of the | 15 |
in the field | 15 |
zhu et al | 15 |
and differentiation of | 15 |
carried out in | 15 |
not required for | 15 |
pathogenesis of transmissible | 15 |
antibodies against the | 15 |
with the cell | 15 |
weeks of age | 15 |
tgev infection induces | 15 |
was removed and | 15 |
cells were cotransfected | 15 |
prcv and tgev | 15 |
tgev s gene | 15 |
the tropism of | 15 |
of monoclonal antibodies | 15 |
binds to the | 15 |
the design of | 15 |
a titer of | 15 |
tropism and virulence | 15 |
has been used | 15 |
neutralizing antibodies in | 15 |
our results showed | 15 |
protein in the | 15 |
analysis was performed | 15 |
n proteins from | 15 |
was detected with | 15 |
none of the | 15 |
between the leader | 15 |
economic losses in | 15 |
receptor for pdcov | 15 |
the exception of | 15 |
a co incubator | 15 |
of differentially expressed | 15 |
balb c mice | 15 |
been detected in | 15 |
in all cases | 15 |
were performed as | 15 |
and porcine deltacoronavirus | 15 |
the recovery of | 15 |
of the rbd | 15 |
for more than | 15 |
the dko pigs | 15 |
and used to | 15 |
a cellular receptor | 15 |
induced mitochondrial damage | 15 |
and identification of | 15 |
were collected from | 15 |
the efficacy of | 15 |
on st cells | 15 |
tgev has been | 15 |
the finding that | 15 |
ml of pbs | 15 |
to identify the | 15 |
and rlppg f | 15 |
the tgev n | 15 |
have also been | 15 |
spike protein is | 15 |
upstream of the | 15 |
was able to | 15 |
of the membrane | 15 |
the virus to | 15 |
virus strain a | 15 |
are presented as | 15 |
has been previously | 15 |
the cellular receptor | 15 |
the accumulation of | 15 |
huang et al | 15 |
epithelial cells were | 15 |
morbidity and mortality | 15 |
against tgev and | 15 |
their ability to | 15 |
kindly provided by | 15 |
the application of | 14 |
the slides were | 14 |
animals immunized with | 14 |
rna genome of | 14 |
serum samples were | 14 |
the membrane was | 14 |
bernard et al | 14 |
data suggest that | 14 |
synthesis of the | 14 |
be used to | 14 |
for virus replication | 14 |
ability of the | 14 |
be related to | 14 |
the size of | 14 |
the other hand | 14 |
been used to | 14 |
cv vero adapted | 14 |
that the s | 14 |
and the other | 14 |
yang et al | 14 |
materials and methods | 14 |
and phylogenetic analysis | 14 |
leader rna and | 14 |
yuan et al | 14 |
middle east respiratory | 14 |
function of the | 14 |
cells were harvested | 14 |
antibodies to the | 14 |
there was a | 14 |
the function of | 14 |
and rna viruses | 14 |
the he protein | 14 |
primary porcine enterocytes | 14 |
clinical signs and | 14 |
at least three | 14 |
a determinant of | 14 |
bca protein assay | 14 |
against tgev in | 14 |
m protein of | 14 |
belongs to the | 14 |
tgev strain purdue | 14 |
a functional receptor | 14 |
the epidermal growth | 14 |
of the pfcrn | 14 |
swinecheck tgev prcv | 14 |
characteristics of a | 14 |
virus titers were | 14 |
proteins in the | 14 |
were challenged with | 14 |
for the tgev | 14 |
tgev infection was | 14 |
incubated with tgev | 14 |
more sensitive than | 14 |
by plaque assay | 14 |
deletions in the | 14 |
spike protein of | 14 |
villous enterocytes of | 14 |
there were no | 14 |
the negative control | 14 |
at the time | 14 |
some of these | 14 |
or tgev n | 14 |
supplemented with fbs | 14 |
culture medium was | 14 |
east respiratory syndrome | 14 |
did not neutralize | 14 |
for the development | 14 |
and infected with | 14 |
enteric tropism and | 14 |
tgev at moi | 14 |
the pellet was | 14 |
c in a | 14 |
a dilution of | 14 |
h at room | 14 |
is not clear | 14 |
proteins have been | 14 |
epidemic diarrhea in | 14 |
at the cell | 14 |
virus entry into | 14 |
the swine industry | 14 |
agreement with the | 14 |
that they have | 14 |
t cells in | 14 |
the subgenomic mrnas | 14 |
with that of | 14 |
required for viral | 14 |
inoculated with the | 14 |
e protein is | 14 |
in this case | 14 |
of the host | 14 |
of the receptor | 14 |
glycoprotein s polypeptides | 14 |
nchez et al | 14 |
comparison with the | 14 |
with porcine respiratory | 14 |
the tgev strain | 14 |
protein of the | 14 |
for mouse hepatitis | 14 |
was assessed by | 14 |
innate immune responses | 14 |
involved in tgev | 14 |
were selected for | 14 |
was similar to | 14 |
no effect on | 14 |
systemic immune responses | 14 |
mediated isothermal amplification | 14 |
play important roles | 14 |
these results indicated | 14 |
the tgev and | 14 |
have demonstrated that | 14 |
of pigs with | 14 |
structural proteins of | 14 |
side of the | 14 |
lee et al | 14 |
into host cells | 14 |
is an enveloped | 14 |
and avian coronaviruses | 14 |
resulting in a | 14 |
tgev and pdcov | 14 |
oral administration of | 14 |
a and d | 14 |
in the culture | 14 |
dmem supplemented with | 14 |
the s domain | 14 |
using monoclonal antibodies | 14 |
was expressed as | 14 |
is not required | 14 |
diarrhea in swine | 14 |
of newborn piglets | 14 |
efficacy of a | 14 |
mechanism of tgev | 14 |
e and e | 14 |
course of the | 14 |
the extent of | 14 |
dependent rna polymerase | 14 |
located on the | 14 |
tgev at an | 14 |
when cells were | 14 |
purdue strain of | 14 |
the cytoplasm of | 14 |
assay for the | 14 |
the antigenic sites | 14 |
tgev is an | 14 |
mouse monoclonal anti | 14 |
to the viral | 14 |
infected cells per | 14 |
cell culture medium | 14 |
role of the | 14 |
copy number of | 14 |
sequences in the | 13 |
these data indicate | 13 |
expressed in the | 13 |
hu et al | 13 |
the existence of | 13 |
the emergence of | 13 |
the process of | 13 |
infection of the | 13 |
the lamina propria | 13 |
the ingezim corona | 13 |
the in vivo | 13 |
were seeded in | 13 |
cells and the | 13 |
declare that they | 13 |
differences between the | 13 |
in the infected | 13 |
they have no | 13 |
recombinant vaccinia virus | 13 |
days of age | 13 |
mucosal immune response | 13 |
passages in tissue | 13 |
we demonstrated that | 13 |
and it is | 13 |
pfu ml in | 13 |
by the coronavirus | 13 |
with the results | 13 |
infection with the | 13 |
and western blot | 13 |
an increase in | 13 |
to test the | 13 |
transfected into pk | 13 |
complex with the | 13 |
and systemic immune | 13 |
was performed on | 13 |
well plates and | 13 |
compared with those | 13 |
on tgev replication | 13 |
diarrhea in pigs | 13 |
studies showed that | 13 |
tgev prcv recombinant | 13 |
may have been | 13 |
are consistent with | 13 |
infected cells was | 13 |
of the other | 13 |
phylogenetic analysis of | 13 |
and pathogenesis of | 13 |
st cells and | 13 |
these results suggested | 13 |
analysis of porcine | 13 |
ibv and mhv | 13 |
at days post | 13 |
results in the | 13 |
ra plus tgev | 13 |
immunized with rlppg | 13 |
in pbs for | 13 |
when the cells | 13 |
those in the | 13 |
days after the | 13 |
was consistent with | 13 |
against challenge with | 13 |
antigenic sites a | 13 |
entry of ribosomes | 13 |
were collected and | 13 |
is present in | 13 |
of pedv n | 13 |
the age of | 13 |
chang et al | 13 |
tgev was detected | 13 |
is caused by | 13 |
were identified as | 13 |
been demonstrated to | 13 |
i i f | 13 |
induced cell cycle | 13 |
two of the | 13 |
and has been | 13 |
the results obtained | 13 |
in the golgi | 13 |
serves as a | 13 |
the transcription of | 13 |
for h in | 13 |
the orf a | 13 |
the proliferation of | 13 |
responses induced by | 13 |
not significantly different | 13 |
losses in the | 13 |
with the s | 13 |
the result of | 13 |
viral replication and | 13 |
of the wt | 13 |
were mixed with | 13 |
regardless of the | 13 |
of the piglets | 13 |
with lysis buffer | 13 |
due to a | 13 |
was performed to | 13 |
of clinical signs | 13 |
associated with diarrhea | 13 |
c for s | 13 |
determination of the | 13 |
the murine coronavirus | 13 |
a highly contagious | 13 |
of cells in | 13 |
the copy number | 13 |
related to tgev | 13 |
with the same | 13 |
and prcv strains | 13 |
is mediated by | 13 |
changes at the | 13 |
virus and transmissible | 13 |
of the virion | 13 |
antigenic relationship of | 13 |
early stage of | 13 |
subgenomic mrna species | 13 |
orally immunized with | 13 |
were then incubated | 13 |
at g for | 13 |
the genome of | 13 |
were collected for | 13 |
viruses such as | 13 |
natural science foundation | 13 |
miller and purdue | 13 |
approved by the | 13 |
the tgev spike | 13 |
tips of the | 13 |
isolation of a | 13 |
in neonatal piglets | 13 |
gastroenteritis virus spike | 13 |
protein is not | 13 |
for tgev infection | 13 |
by fluorescence microscopy | 13 |
of orf b | 13 |
was measured by | 13 |
in mammalian cells | 13 |
sequence at the | 13 |
cd and papn | 13 |
and n genes | 13 |
of the gene | 13 |
of the murine | 13 |
the tips of | 13 |
was higher than | 13 |
the gastrointestinal tract | 13 |
infectious cdna clone | 13 |
the infected cells | 13 |
antibody responses to | 13 |
m and n | 13 |
in complex with | 13 |
that the spike | 13 |
in any of | 13 |
the coronavirus infectious | 13 |
the assay was | 13 |
pensaert et al | 13 |
conjugated secondary antibodies | 13 |
significantly increased the | 13 |
antigenic relationship between | 13 |
plates were washed | 13 |
and table s | 13 |
the pbs group | 13 |
s gene sequences | 13 |
analyzed by western | 13 |
saif and wesley | 13 |
cells at h | 13 |
is capable of | 13 |
with the control | 13 |
of apn positive | 13 |
only in the | 13 |
to the m | 13 |
which is the | 13 |
pellet was resuspended | 13 |
shedding of prcv | 13 |
induces cell cycle | 13 |
a concentration of | 13 |
was derived from | 13 |
the nucleotide sequence | 13 |
coronavirus infection in | 13 |
acid changes at | 13 |
the differentially expressed | 13 |
of di rna | 13 |
have been detected | 13 |
tgev and the | 13 |
significantly lower than | 13 |
is a functional | 13 |
antibodies for h | 13 |
infected cell lysates | 13 |
in the first | 13 |
nuclei were stained | 13 |
but not the | 13 |
via activation of | 13 |
to that in | 12 |
human and animal | 12 |
the n terminus | 12 |
antibodies to tgev | 12 |
immunogenicity of the | 12 |
integral membrane protein | 12 |
are required for | 12 |
and did not | 12 |
equine influenza virus | 12 |
of pedv in | 12 |
mrna expression levels | 12 |
may play a | 12 |
in cultured cells | 12 |
critical epitopes in | 12 |
contrast to the | 12 |
coronaviruses as the | 12 |
virus with a | 12 |
sense rna genome | 12 |
the glycoprotein s | 12 |
m and m | 12 |
the immunogenicity of | 12 |
may be involved | 12 |
of the rna | 12 |
by using the | 12 |
gene in the | 12 |
the enteric tract | 12 |
against tgev infection | 12 |
and centrifuged at | 12 |
by neutralizing antibodies | 12 |
of the p | 12 |
cells that were | 12 |
virus on the | 12 |
were as follows | 12 |
in accordance with | 12 |
result showed that | 12 |
of prcv was | 12 |
used to infect | 12 |
is a determinant | 12 |
the endoplasmic reticulum | 12 |
of diarrhea in | 12 |
no competing interests | 12 |
expression of tgev | 12 |
the pfcrn gene | 12 |
experimentally infected with | 12 |
in the immunized | 12 |
differentially expressed proteins | 12 |
role of apn | 12 |
the af mab | 12 |
described in the | 12 |
plays a role | 12 |
national natural science | 12 |
assays were performed | 12 |
the papn ectodomain | 12 |
were tested for | 12 |
on the day | 12 |
considered statistically significant | 12 |
by means of | 12 |
of the four | 12 |
the intestinal contents | 12 |
with tgev strain | 12 |
the complete genome | 12 |
it may be | 12 |
cells were inoculated | 12 |
h prior to | 12 |
inhibition of tgev | 12 |
egfp expression vector | 12 |
based on a | 12 |
at seven days | 12 |
of the bovine | 12 |
which can be | 12 |
of the negative | 12 |
l a and | 12 |
cd ssc low | 12 |
gastroenteritis coronavirus is | 12 |
the spike glycoprotein | 12 |
pan et al | 12 |
regions of the | 12 |
it is difficult | 12 |
st cells was | 12 |
vero adapted strain | 12 |
was cloned into | 12 |
cd cd t | 12 |
the percentages of | 12 |
we conclude that | 12 |
listed in table | 12 |
functions as a | 12 |
prior to infection | 12 |
gastroenteritis virus of | 12 |
study of the | 12 |
evidence that the | 12 |
and western blotting | 12 |
is shown in | 12 |
infected with a | 12 |
were negative for | 12 |
early in tgev | 12 |
contribute to the | 12 |
in this paper | 12 |
dependent on the | 12 |
released from the | 12 |
a deletion of | 12 |
the tgev infection | 12 |
presence of tgev | 12 |
lower than the | 12 |
a new coronavirus | 12 |
of viral proteins | 12 |
the susceptibility of | 12 |
wt pigs were | 12 |
of the samples | 12 |
to bind to | 12 |
the virus and | 12 |
may also be | 12 |
cells with bound | 12 |
resulted in the | 12 |
the gene source | 12 |
of the total | 12 |
was based on | 12 |
domains in the | 12 |
not affect the | 12 |
the results were | 12 |
and used as | 12 |
attenuated and virulent | 12 |
had no effect | 12 |
a previous study | 12 |
anpep ko pigs | 12 |
to the virus | 12 |
g g phase | 12 |
with porcine epidemic | 12 |
gene source of | 12 |
the differences in | 12 |
cells were lysed | 12 |
recombinase polymerase amplification | 12 |
protein levels of | 12 |
in the colostrum | 12 |
prrsv m protein | 12 |
and the cell | 12 |
of the virulent | 12 |
transmissible gastroenteritis and | 12 |
temperature for h | 12 |
the analysis of | 12 |
component of the | 12 |
fipv type i | 12 |
h post infection | 12 |
was detected using | 12 |
in porcine intestinal | 12 |
four structural proteins | 12 |
explained by the | 12 |
the pcr products | 12 |
at a dilution | 12 |
higher than the | 12 |
levels of p | 12 |
woo et al | 12 |
strains of the | 12 |
is important to | 12 |
receptor for pedv | 12 |
as the gene | 12 |
of swine enteric | 12 |
tropism of tgev | 12 |
are required to | 12 |
the svanovir tgev | 12 |
is critical for | 12 |
the e glycoprotein | 12 |
the two viruses | 12 |
is characterized by | 12 |
were positive for | 12 |
of the heterologous | 12 |
structures of the | 12 |
diarrhea virus infection | 12 |
amino acid residues | 12 |
during the first | 12 |
the relationship between | 12 |
the beginning of | 12 |
of the ibv | 12 |
was identified as | 12 |
intestinal stem cells | 12 |
phosphate buffered saline | 12 |
recombinant swinepox virus | 12 |
portion of the | 12 |
cells released from | 12 |
rasschaert et al | 12 |
has been identified | 12 |
nsp and nsp | 12 |
are located within | 12 |
from the same | 12 |
nucleocapsid protein of | 12 |
for the rapid | 12 |
stat signaling pathway | 12 |
a fluorescence microscope | 12 |
is believed to | 12 |
the causative agent | 12 |
cycle arrest at | 12 |
epitopes in transmissible | 12 |
the total rna | 12 |
of suspect results | 12 |
expressed in e | 12 |
diarrhea virus strain | 12 |
ma et al | 12 |
in situ hybridization | 12 |
acid sequences of | 12 |
virus replication and | 12 |
s protein and | 12 |
tgev infection on | 12 |
were examined by | 11 |
the membranes were | 11 |
the preparation of | 11 |
de groot et | 11 |
sequencing of the | 11 |
the difference between | 11 |
after infection and | 11 |
in the di | 11 |
difference between the | 11 |
were randomly divided | 11 |
was measured at | 11 |
the spread of | 11 |
of the nucleoprotein | 11 |
st cell monolayers | 11 |
il rap and | 11 |
were analyzed using | 11 |
cd ssc high | 11 |
the proportion of | 11 |
the porcine reproductive | 11 |
s and s | 11 |
virus in porcine | 11 |
can be found | 11 |
it is likely | 11 |
into three groups | 11 |
complementary to the | 11 |
in both the | 11 |
were synthesized by | 11 |
by electron microscopy | 11 |
glycoprotein s from | 11 |
by the viral | 11 |
of tge virus | 11 |
taxonomy of viruses | 11 |
the interpretation of | 11 |
been identified in | 11 |
in the spleen | 11 |
is similar to | 11 |
are located on | 11 |
peng et al | 11 |
to the intestinal | 11 |
calculated using the | 11 |
luytjes et al | 11 |
ends of the | 11 |
isolated from a | 11 |
or the full | 11 |
proteins were identified | 11 |
gastroenteritis virus on | 11 |
hepatitis b virus | 11 |
s protein in | 11 |
it should be | 11 |
or negative control | 11 |
immunogenicity of recombinant | 11 |
deletion of the | 11 |
s gene was | 11 |
the cell lines | 11 |
cycle arrest in | 11 |
immunized with tgev | 11 |
simultaneous detection of | 11 |
s proteins from | 11 |
aminopeptidase n and | 11 |
as high as | 11 |
hofmann et al | 11 |
cv fecal suspension | 11 |
the human coronavirus | 11 |
antibody titers in | 11 |
more than one | 11 |
virus and its | 11 |
of aminopeptidase n | 11 |
were stored at | 11 |
be associated with | 11 |
that eif a | 11 |
the attachment of | 11 |
and canine coronaviruses | 11 |
the rate of | 11 |
twice with pbs | 11 |
of the structural | 11 |
detection of pedv | 11 |
different from the | 11 |
u ml penicillin | 11 |
carried out using | 11 |
the fusion of | 11 |
immune response in | 11 |
performed according to | 11 |
in the order | 11 |
expression of apn | 11 |
determined by the | 11 |
from tgev and | 11 |
in the ileum | 11 |
a consequence of | 11 |
method for the | 11 |
tgev infection is | 11 |
foundation of china | 11 |
in of the | 11 |
lymph node cells | 11 |
tgev is a | 11 |
for rapid detection | 11 |
gastroenteritis virus neutralization | 11 |
well plates were | 11 |
provided by dr | 11 |
the identification of | 11 |
of apn and | 11 |
have been demonstrated | 11 |
been demonstrated that | 11 |
to the golgi | 11 |
with the virus | 11 |
obtained from a | 11 |
is likely that | 11 |
to examine the | 11 |
and the results | 11 |
the secretory pathway | 11 |
discovery of a | 11 |
porcine enteric coronaviruses | 11 |
transfected with n | 11 |
entry of tgev | 11 |
in the formation | 11 |
in the feces | 11 |
seems to be | 11 |
of tgev has | 11 |
using trizol reagent | 11 |
from the viral | 11 |
of spike protein | 11 |
enteric coronavirus related | 11 |
the virus is | 11 |
are listed in | 11 |
infection with a | 11 |
fragment of the | 11 |
in each group | 11 |
protein a g | 11 |
analysis showed that | 11 |
limit of the | 11 |
saif and fernandez | 11 |
group was significantly | 11 |
followed by the | 11 |
of the target | 11 |
were maintained in | 11 |
it is a | 11 |
of apn in | 11 |
was removed by | 11 |
and m proteins | 11 |
prcv recombinant elisa | 11 |
the optical density | 11 |
on the s | 11 |
zhao et al | 11 |
virus in vitro | 11 |
cell entry receptor | 11 |
causative agent of | 11 |
was calculated using | 11 |
relationship of the | 11 |
tgev nucleoprotein gene | 11 |
experimental infection of | 11 |
the serum of | 11 |
accordance with the | 11 |
fecal and nasal | 11 |
the day of | 11 |
the three commercial | 11 |
acts as a | 11 |
of the peplomer | 11 |
parts of the | 11 |
swine fever virus | 11 |
the pedv s | 11 |
was amplified by | 11 |
replicates in the | 11 |
pedv n and | 11 |
the replicase gene | 11 |
the supernatant of | 11 |
to protect against | 11 |
cells compared to | 11 |
cells with tgev | 11 |
with those of | 11 |
effects of tgev | 11 |
detected by the | 11 |
and in vitro | 11 |
fusion of the | 11 |
and h post | 11 |
led to a | 11 |
of m protein | 11 |
antibody responses in | 11 |
its enteric tropism | 11 |
science foundation of | 11 |
mice orally immunized | 11 |
cell proliferation and | 11 |
the indicated time | 11 |
spike glycoprotein s | 11 |
within the same | 11 |
of its enteric | 11 |
mrna and protein | 11 |
of the control | 11 |
the antigenic relationship | 11 |
cells stably expressing | 11 |
protein and the | 11 |
the piglets in | 11 |
m and e | 11 |
cleavage of the | 11 |
in some cases | 11 |
significantly higher in | 11 |
no conflict of | 11 |
could be detected | 11 |
total number of | 11 |
identified as a | 11 |
small intestine of | 11 |
the ectodomain of | 11 |
at s and | 11 |
required for efficient | 11 |
and high mortality | 11 |
monoclonal antibodies against | 11 |
rna helicase ddx | 11 |
is a key | 11 |
consistent with a | 11 |
virus in cell | 11 |
not affected by | 11 |
the same conditions | 11 |
the sequences of | 11 |
were resuspended in | 11 |
the molecular basis | 11 |
a t the | 11 |
porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis | 11 |
three major structural | 11 |
that tgev pl | 11 |
into virus particles | 11 |
and maintained in | 11 |
of the large | 11 |
egfp empty vector | 11 |
the size and | 11 |
caused by the | 11 |
been identified as | 11 |
significant differences in | 11 |
is the main | 11 |
the enteropathogenicity of | 11 |
in each well | 11 |
function as a | 11 |
of ibv and | 11 |
pcr using the | 11 |
that the leader | 11 |
cells compared with | 11 |
rna and dna | 11 |
to each other | 11 |
of lgr iscs | 11 |
of the family | 11 |
of subgenomic mrnas | 11 |
pigs in the | 11 |
determinant of its | 11 |
the porcine respiratory | 11 |
in recent years | 11 |
observed between the | 11 |
the tgev purdue | 11 |
and the cells | 11 |
is not yet | 11 |
in host cells | 11 |
because of its | 11 |
results of the | 11 |
in neonatal pigs | 11 |
appeared to be | 11 |
of sows with | 11 |
of newborn pigs | 11 |
the origin of | 11 |
the viral nucleocapsid | 11 |
and h p | 11 |
under a fluorescence | 11 |
the appearance of | 11 |
the differentiation of | 11 |
did not affect | 11 |
in tgev replication | 11 |
that apn is | 11 |
strain of transmissible | 11 |
on the amino | 11 |
from the cell | 11 |
than those in | 11 |
the immune system | 11 |
the interaction of | 11 |
cells were stained | 11 |
partial protection against | 11 |
group than in | 11 |
the helper virus | 11 |
mechanism by which | 11 |
moi of tgev | 11 |
tgev or prcv | 11 |
was used in | 11 |
the viability of | 11 |
which has been | 11 |
and could be | 11 |
h of incubation | 11 |
enteric tropism of | 11 |
were considered significant | 11 |
in the induction | 11 |
of the respiratory | 11 |
except for the | 11 |
percentage of apn | 11 |
in vero cells | 11 |
were characterized by | 10 |
were obtained by | 10 |
the online version | 10 |
b cells and | 10 |
wu et al | 10 |
were interpreted as | 10 |
be detected by | 10 |
be responsible for | 10 |
and the expression | 10 |
porcine kidney cells | 10 |
quantitative proteomic analysis | 10 |
as a vaccine | 10 |
the cells released | 10 |
in serum and | 10 |
mrna start sites | 10 |
of the present | 10 |
target of mir | 10 |
is one of | 10 |
tgev inactivated vaccine | 10 |
in the supernatants | 10 |
reactivity between tgev | 10 |
jung et al | 10 |
n and m | 10 |
are associated with | 10 |
a sialic acid | 10 |
compared to mock | 10 |
activated protein kinase | 10 |
th and th | 10 |
number of the | 10 |
studies on transmissible | 10 |
the swinecheck tgev | 10 |
propagation of the | 10 |
moi for h | 10 |
basis of the | 10 |
on the viral | 10 |
green fluorescent protein | 10 |
was identified in | 10 |
high level of | 10 |
lamphear et al | 10 |
localization of the | 10 |
position of the | 10 |
of tgev strains | 10 |
a function of | 10 |
higher than those | 10 |
immune responses and | 10 |
internal entry of | 10 |
was mixed with | 10 |
vaccine on days | 10 |
cells using the | 10 |
would be expected | 10 |
incubated with mouse | 10 |
titers were determined | 10 |
enterocytes of newborn | 10 |
activity of the | 10 |
s and n | 10 |
cells were co | 10 |
was prepared in | 10 |
of eif a | 10 |
were measured by | 10 |
and tgev was | 10 |
different concentrations of | 10 |
of host cells | 10 |
that the recombinant | 10 |
and n proteins | 10 |
this is the | 10 |
immune response against | 10 |
a monoclonal antibody | 10 |
also showed that | 10 |
the university of | 10 |
it is worth | 10 |
has been observed | 10 |
in a swine | 10 |
influenza c virus | 10 |
fixed with acetone | 10 |
with the porcine | 10 |
and cultured for | 10 |
different types of | 10 |
were also observed | 10 |
yokomori et al | 10 |
the s subunit | 10 |
length glycoprotein s | 10 |
greater than that | 10 |
and analysis of | 10 |
known to be | 10 |
in a humidified | 10 |
systemic and mucosal | 10 |
on transmissible gastroenteritis | 10 |
after centrifugation at | 10 |
of virus infection | 10 |
virus are located | 10 |
responses in the | 10 |
renewal and differentiation | 10 |
to develop a | 10 |
amplified by pcr | 10 |
from porcine transmissible | 10 |
of the enteric | 10 |
of the sequence | 10 |
gastroenteritis virus from | 10 |
to explore the | 10 |
amino acids of | 10 |
and evaluation of | 10 |
the coronavirus mouse | 10 |
that the expression | 10 |
clarified by centrifugation | 10 |
hepatitis b surface | 10 |
occurs in the | 10 |
sites c and | 10 |
at and h | 10 |
gastroenteritis coronavirus spike | 10 |
be explained by | 10 |
for min in | 10 |
samples were tested | 10 |
the potential of | 10 |
mg ml streptomycin | 10 |
no significant differences | 10 |
at and hpi | 10 |
groot et al | 10 |
infected cells which | 10 |
molecular characterization and | 10 |
results not shown | 10 |
were verified by | 10 |
at a concentration | 10 |
the international committee | 10 |
performed in triplicate | 10 |
data indicated that | 10 |
there are no | 10 |
of this article | 10 |
the mrna start | 10 |
by incubation with | 10 |
interpretation of suspect | 10 |
the small intestinal | 10 |
close to the | 10 |
receptor for mouse | 10 |
and replication of | 10 |
been described in | 10 |
apn is a | 10 |
gfp and tgev | 10 |
pdcov and tgev | 10 |
infection in the | 10 |
for use in | 10 |
proteins of the | 10 |
were harvested and | 10 |
feline enteric coronavirus | 10 |
treated with the | 10 |
iga antibodies in | 10 |
results demonstrate that | 10 |
integrin and ccr | 10 |
the translation of | 10 |
and attenuated strains | 10 |
attached to the | 10 |
were consistent with | 10 |
as templates for | 10 |
of the immune | 10 |
a result of | 10 |
significant difference in | 10 |
humoral immune response | 10 |
used to confirm | 10 |
and subjected to | 10 |
protein that is | 10 |
neonatal calf diarrhea | 10 |
a co atmosphere | 10 |
stained with hoechst | 10 |
differential diagnosis of | 10 |
that it is | 10 |
was digested with | 10 |
the early stage | 10 |
sequence of a | 10 |
and amino acid | 10 |
of the different | 10 |
correlated with the | 10 |
suspect results were | 10 |
are responsible for | 10 |
rna was isolated | 10 |
modified live virus | 10 |
results were obtained | 10 |
of the corresponding | 10 |
studies of the | 10 |
after h incubation | 10 |
protective lactogenic immunity | 10 |
beginning of the | 10 |
time reverse transcription | 10 |
from porcine respiratory | 10 |
sawicki and sawicki | 10 |
the oral route | 10 |
followed by goat | 10 |
t cells to | 10 |
bacterial artificial chromosome | 10 |
pedv n cells | 10 |
committee on taxonomy | 10 |
antigens on the | 10 |
standard deviation for | 10 |
after infection of | 10 |
b and d | 10 |
recombination demonstrates that | 10 |
j cells infected | 10 |
c and b | 10 |
dilutions of the | 10 |
before and after | 10 |
in tgev infected | 10 |
be used as | 10 |
each sample was | 10 |
as a consequence | 10 |
the modified live | 10 |
carried out by | 10 |
has shown that | 10 |
it is important | 10 |
of a probiotic | 10 |
specific for tgev | 10 |
effect of tgev | 10 |
or infected with | 10 |
in escherichia coli | 10 |
alignment of the | 10 |
the s region | 10 |
in the lamina | 10 |
is a common | 10 |
membrane protein of | 10 |
the animals were | 10 |
by goat anti | 10 |
been associated with | 10 |
the variant tgev | 10 |
with tgev or | 10 |
that the levels | 10 |
recombinant plasmid ppg | 10 |
orf l a | 10 |
of the sars | 10 |
antibodies were detected | 10 |
studies on the | 10 |
and the resulting | 10 |
the heterologous gene | 10 |
st cells infected | 10 |
international committee on | 10 |
for h with | 10 |
pigs of all | 10 |
piglets born to | 10 |
formation of the | 10 |
as evidenced by | 10 |
restriction endonuclease sites | 10 |
schultze et al | 10 |
as a model | 10 |
determine whether the | 10 |
of murine hepatitis | 10 |
findings suggest that | 10 |
protection against tgev | 10 |
the viral genomic | 10 |
the titers of | 10 |
whether or not | 10 |
distinct from the | 10 |
as a template | 10 |
effects of the | 10 |
of virus in | 10 |
immune response of | 10 |
expression of small | 10 |
of tgev s | 10 |
this suggests that | 10 |
which were fixed | 10 |
confirmed that the | 10 |
of the jejunum | 10 |
the introduction of | 10 |
of virus particles | 10 |
the intensity of | 10 |
penzes et al | 10 |
significantly increase the | 10 |
j cells by | 10 |
coronaviruses such as | 10 |
to interact with | 10 |
tissue culture fluid | 10 |
divided into four | 10 |
the stimulation of | 10 |
rna virus genome | 10 |
after passages in | 10 |
the stability of | 10 |
deduced amino acid | 10 |
by the addition | 10 |
protein expression of | 10 |
homing receptors on | 10 |
for the study | 10 |
in the coronavirus | 10 |
of apn negative | 10 |
of murine coronaviruses | 10 |
expression of p | 10 |
isolation and identification | 10 |
of viral antigens | 10 |
analysis of variance | 10 |
may be an | 10 |
we determined the | 10 |
sites in the | 10 |
spike protein result | 10 |
virus isolation and | 10 |
the involvement of | 10 |
protein result in | 10 |
h post transfection | 10 |
targeted recombination demonstrates | 10 |
to n protein | 10 |
insight into the | 10 |
b surface antigen | 10 |
the rna genome | 10 |
largest rna virus | 10 |
correa et al | 10 |
in a variety | 10 |
it is the | 10 |
and the supernatant | 10 |
h and h | 10 |
of lactic acid | 10 |
phase of the | 10 |
construction of a | 10 |
of the nucleocapsid | 10 |
is a type | 10 |
gastroenteritis coronavirus genome | 10 |
with the indicated | 10 |
pigs were used | 10 |
three of the | 10 |
significantly different from | 10 |
phosphorylation of p | 10 |
on pedv replication | 10 |
using the same | 10 |
summarized in table | 10 |
is also a | 10 |
of human coronavirus | 10 |
the first time | 10 |
tgev and ccv | 10 |
of recombinant lactobacillus | 10 |
level of tgev | 10 |
expression levels in | 10 |
the animals immunized | 10 |
tgev strain miller | 10 |
divided into three | 10 |
the absorbance was | 10 |
porcine circovirus type | 10 |
the innate immune | 10 |
sturman and holmes | 10 |
to form a | 10 |
supernatants were collected | 10 |
purdue and miller | 10 |
classical swine fever | 10 |
the lactobacillus vaccine | 10 |
the basis for | 10 |
mammalian and avian | 10 |
is expressed in | 10 |
prior to farrowing | 10 |
reed and muench | 10 |
were harvested at | 10 |
the characteristics of | 10 |
of the infected | 10 |
the secondary antibody | 10 |
from that of | 10 |
for h prior | 10 |
all piglets were | 10 |
show that the | 10 |
is known to | 10 |
cells from the | 10 |
considered to be | 10 |
and found that | 9 |
for pcv and | 9 |
the order nidovirales | 9 |
amount of viral | 9 |
e and f | 9 |
disruption of the | 9 |
gastroenteritis and porcine | 9 |
emergence of porcine | 9 |
determinants are located | 9 |
g e v | 9 |
a review of | 9 |
infection by tgev | 9 |
antigenic homology among | 9 |
of the first | 9 |
immunity against transmissible | 9 |
tgev infection of | 9 |
the neutralizing antibody | 9 |
were separated by | 9 |
may be the | 9 |
was collected and | 9 |
the intestinal tract | 9 |
of protection against | 9 |
is necessary for | 9 |
half of spike | 9 |
by pcr using | 9 |
is able to | 9 |
product of the | 9 |
it is interesting | 9 |
smith et al | 9 |
by the national | 9 |
piglets infected with | 9 |
infection in vitro | 9 |
be able to | 9 |
to detect tgev | 9 |
as the target | 9 |
different from those | 9 |
bound to the | 9 |
domains of the | 9 |
fixed cells were | 9 |
mpi to mpi | 9 |
days after inoculation | 9 |
at h after | 9 |
single amino acid | 9 |
and mucosal immune | 9 |
de diego et | 9 |
protein was expressed | 9 |
enteric tropism in | 9 |
tgev infection could | 9 |
was determined using | 9 |
reactive oxygen species | 9 |
of up to | 9 |
of the viruses | 9 |
m protein and | 9 |
virus of swine | 9 |
ssc low cells | 9 |
cells did not | 9 |
coronavirus infections in | 9 |
randomly divided into | 9 |
and resuspended in | 9 |
humoral and cellular | 9 |
in this region | 9 |
to inhibit the | 9 |
this could be | 9 |
in the development | 9 |
were classified as | 9 |
viral rna was | 9 |
with rlppg f | 9 |
structural components from | 9 |
of the full | 9 |
evaluation of the | 9 |
are needed to | 9 |
of the animals | 9 |
use of a | 9 |
the method of | 9 |
was not affected | 9 |
by a few | 9 |
the viral replication | 9 |
as shown by | 9 |
it was not | 9 |
coronavirus defective interfering | 9 |
belouzard et al | 9 |
results were interpreted | 9 |
mabs specific for | 9 |
were examined for | 9 |
samples were taken | 9 |
cells were maintained | 9 |
this protein is | 9 |
stages of the | 9 |
virus by rt | 9 |
tooze et al | 9 |
when suspect results | 9 |
of the serum | 9 |
of the infection | 9 |
for tgev replication | 9 |
were observed between | 9 |
de haan et | 9 |
to the leader | 9 |
the wt group | 9 |
of influenza a | 9 |
was tested by | 9 |
diego et al | 9 |
evaluated in this | 9 |
c and f | 9 |
number of cd | 9 |
dko pigs and | 9 |
presented as the | 9 |
cell line was | 9 |
the region of | 9 |
and c antigen | 9 |
the severity of | 9 |
the functions of | 9 |
in target cells | 9 |
the enteric and | 9 |
hoechst for min | 9 |
of swine transmissible | 9 |
viral replication in | 9 |
purchased from sigma | 9 |
act as a | 9 |
used to analyze | 9 |
has been detected | 9 |
on taxonomy of | 9 |
kidney cell line | 9 |
neutralizing antibodies against | 9 |
sensitivity and specificity | 9 |
was detected at | 9 |
of the replication | 9 |
t g e | 9 |
seen in the | 9 |
h and then | 9 |
of the genus | 9 |
bos et al | 9 |
in the correct | 9 |
been reported that | 9 |
selected characteristics of | 9 |
s protein has | 9 |
diarrhea virus strains | 9 |
interaction between tgev | 9 |
way analysis of | 9 |
gp and gp | 9 |
from the tgev | 9 |
is worth noting | 9 |
isolated from tgev | 9 |
clone and evolution | 9 |
by the use | 9 |
diarrhea in piglets | 9 |
in cells transfected | 9 |
yu et al | 9 |
data demonstrate that | 9 |
the cells in | 9 |
fecal shedding of | 9 |
to the small | 9 |
these findings suggest | 9 |
that the m | 9 |
oral corn vaccine | 9 |
of amino acids | 9 |
the feces of | 9 |
mice immunized with | 9 |
orally inoculated with | 9 |
followed by dylight | 9 |
and nasal swabs | 9 |
have no competing | 9 |
is important for | 9 |
is composed of | 9 |