trigram

This is a table of type trigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

trigram frequency
transmissible gastroenteritis virus718
of transmissible gastroenteritis304
porcine epidemic diarrhea302
epidemic diarrhea virus256
the presence of223
in this study217
transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus203
the s protein202
porcine respiratory coronavirus195
mouse hepatitis virus147
of the s146
the expression of143
according to the137
of the tgev130
infected with tgev127
for h at125
as well as122
the cells were119
for min at116
of the virus114
porcine transmissible gastroenteritis113
in the presence110
of porcine epidemic105
data not shown101
end of the100
was used to100
reproductive and respiratory98
and respiratory syndrome97
porcine reproductive and97
tgev and prcv94
infectious bronchitis virus94
cells infected with94
the s gene93
feline infectious peritonitis92
at room temperature89
in the s87
of tgev and87
results showed that87
respiratory syndrome virus86
as shown in86
that tgev infection85
the use of82
the detection of82
in order to81
of the coronavirus80
were infected with79
the role of79
the absence of78
it has been78
in the tgev78
analysis of the77
the effect of76
compared with the76
shown in fig76
based on the76
a and b76
we found that74
sequence of the73
were used to71
cells were infected70
the level of70
the present study69
were transfected with69
the leader rna69
the m protein69
intestinal epithelial cells69
involved in the68
were incubated with68
showed that the68
tgev n protein67
pedv and tgev67
acute respiratory syndrome67
severe acute respiratory67
due to the66
used as a65
in cell culture64
for the detection63
was used as63
the small intestine62
j cells were61
the levels of61
has been shown60
cell cycle arrest59
been shown to59
tgev and pedv59
an important role59
cells were transfected58
in st cells58
to transmissible gastroenteritis58
the effects of57
of tgev in56
to determine the56
the development of55
of porcine transmissible55
the percentage of55
strain of tgev55
important role in54
cells were washed54
gastroenteritis virus and54
the amount of54
of tgev infection53
in the present53
in the absence53
role in the53
the results showed52
were treated with52
the production of52
infectious peritonitis virus52
the surface of51
washed three times51
three times with51
of mouse hepatitis51
of the viral51
t cells were51
the cell membrane50
and porcine respiratory50
have shown that50
was detected in50
a receptor for50
hek t cells50
the transmissible gastroenteritis50
were analyzed by50
the number of49
expression of the49
of the genome49
respiratory syndrome coronavirus49
with tgev at49
virus and porcine49
most of the48
detected in the48
porcine epidemic diarrhoea48
the formation of48
observed in the48
than that of48
the activation of48
the cell surface48
of the porcine47
cells were incubated47
derived from the47
that of the47
cells in the47
is required for47
one of the47
protein of tgev46
tgev s protein46
the tgev s45
the united states45
are shown in45
region of the45
was added to45
were used as44
on the surface44
binding to the44
the ability of44
as a receptor44
as previously described44
cells were fixed43
st cells were43
in addition to43
has not been43
of tgev was43
is involved in43
the spike protein43
a role in43
at h post42
the n protein42
as described previously42
responsible for the42
structure of the42
three independent experiments42
the regulation of41
the binding of41
were inoculated with41
were grown in41
were purchased from41
by tgev infection41
expression levels of41
there was no40
s protein of40
the replication of40
and g m40
was carried out40
was observed in40
compared to the40
the loss of39
the end of39
during tgev infection39
a variety of39
porcine aminopeptidase n39
for min and39
characterization of a39
a member of39
found to be39
any of the39
to that of39
lactic acid bacteria39
used in this38
were fixed with38
the genomic rna38
cells were treated38
in the cytoplasm38
the sensitivity of38
virus in the38
results suggest that38
activation of p38
antibody binding to38
in the united38
were observed in37
present in the37
to determine whether37
consistent with the37
member of the37
at h p37
detection of tgev37
of the n37
rna was extracted37
the results of37
in the viral36
the cell cycle36
has been reported36
fetal bovine serum36
was isolated from36
against transmissible gastroenteritis36
of the cell36
g for min36
on the cell36
of the leader36
cov n proteins36
indicating that the36
of the spike36
conjugated goat anti36
cells transfected with35
changes in the35
cells treated with35
of the two35
the e protein35
was determined by35
shown to be35
in the intestinal35
diarrhea virus in35
results indicate that35
open reading frame35
min at room35
sequence analysis of35
development of a35
was performed using35
higher than that35
coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis35
were stained with35
was detected by35
is a major34
found in the34
infected st cells34
the mechanism of34
play an important34
total rna was34
the interaction between34
with pbs and34
times with pbs34
were washed three34
of porcine respiratory34
a total of34
the induction of34
has also been34
gastroenteritis virus in33
days after infection33
from transmissible gastroenteritis33
molecular biology of33
significantly higher than33
domain of the33
used for the33
wang et al33
of the three33
s and g33
were obtained from33
associated with the33
cd t cells33
to investigate the33
for tgev and33
in our study33
were added to33
aminopeptidase n is33
epidemic diarrhoea virus33
was supported by33
demonstrated that the32
by centrifugation at32
in the small32
the control of32
in the cells32
between tgev and32
and porcine epidemic32
and incubated with32
was used for32
in transgenic plants31
epidermal growth factor31
to those of31
the sequence of31
laude et al31
in infected cells31
isolated from the31
in the same31
of the m31
strand rna synthesis31
in the gut31
receptor for the31
in the cell31
of infected cells31
added to the31
incubated for h31
the synthesis of31
was significantly higher31
cloned into the31
gastroenteritis virus infection31
coronavirus spike protein31
detection of transmissible31
shown in table31
all of the31
similar to that30
after tgev infection30
the tgev group30
in vitro and30
infected with the30
was found to30
be involved in30
to be a30
western blot analysis30
to evaluate the30
found that tgev30
used in the30
transmissible gastroenteritis of30
presence of the29
was purchased from29
in tgev infection29
p and jnk29
the case of29
a number of29
results indicated that29
each of the29
that in the29
play a role29
n is a29
activation of the29
with transmissible gastroenteritis29
the plasma membrane29
then incubated with29
high levels of29
transmissible gastroenteritis in28
to study the28
the coronavirus transmissible28
to the cell28
were used for28
multiplicity of infection28
this work was28
to assess the28
monoclonal antibodies to28
and transmissible gastroenteritis28
were detected in28
zhang et al28
of a coronavirus28
similar to the28
sialic acid binding28
induced by tgev28
such as the28
b and c28
indicated that the28
the cell culture28
the tgev genome28
by western blotting27
the expression levels27
the respiratory tract27
was analyzed by27
li et al27
the basis of27
genome sequence of27
avian infectious bronchitis27
the family coronaviridae27
in the regulation27
growth factor receptor27
in the case27
showed that tgev27
shown in figure27
the degree of27
amino acid sequence27
related to transmissible27
the leader sequence27
of a novel27
found that the27
sites of the27
strains of tgev27
the virus was27
rapid detection of27
amino acid changes27
hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus27
related to the27
in transmissible gastroenteritis27
it is not27
of murine coronavirus27
and incubated at27
of the e27
and incubated for27
the viral genome27
in contrast to27
are involved in27
swine transmissible gastroenteritis26
lower than that26
is associated with26
has been demonstrated26
with the tgev26
similar to those26
inoculated with tgev26
and st cells26
supplemented with fetal26
infection with tgev26
for h and26
characterization of the26
is responsible for26
in our laboratory26
diarrhea virus and26
have been developed26
was performed with26
in the us26
suggesting that the26
with fetal bovine26
biology of coronaviruses26
of the small26
s protein was26
of the cells26
in a co26
swine enteric coronaviruses26
and in the25
between the two25
of porcine reproductive25
with tgev and25
tgev spike protein25
g m phase25
coronavirus nucleocapsid protein25
for detection of25
open reading frames25
s protein is25
tgev infection in25
in agreement with25
room temperature for25
been reported to25
samples were collected25
studies have shown25
gene of tgev25
the host cell25
as described above25
to be the25
coronavirus infectious bronchitis25
the n gene25
performed as described25
the pathogenesis of25
of tgev n25
the authors declare25
were detected by25
comparison of the25
fetal calf serum25
been shown that25
these results suggest25
suggests that the25
delmas et al25
can be used25
hepatitis c virus25
complete genome sequence25
differences in the25
major antigenic sites25
receptor for tgev25
gastroenteritis of swine25
of enteric tropism25
previous studies have25
colon epithelial cells25
in tissue culture25
cells were grown24
and of the24
terminal domain of24
control of the24
of neutralizing antibodies24
and characterization of24
specificity of the24
the specificity of24
amino acid sequences24
the immune response24
the molecular biology24
on the basis24
at the end24
washed with pbs24
porcine intestinal epithelial24
is essential for24
loss of enteric24
colostrum and milk24
of feline infectious24
mucosal immune responses24
were incubated for24
closely related to24
work was supported24
the construction of24
was resuspended in24
kim et al24
at the same24
detection of porcine24
could not be24
in which the24
virulent and attenuated24
of viral rna24
type i interferon24
than that in24
located in the24
c for min24
washed twice with24
cell lysates were24
the supernatant was24
depending on the24
cells were cultured23
in the lp23
of the genomic23
antigenic sites of23
well as the23
fixed with paraformaldehyde23
ileum and colon23
the s and23
the golgi complex23
min at rt23
appears to be23
those of the23
in gnotobiotic pigs23
a porcine respiratory23
assay was performed23
both tgev and23
pigs inoculated with23
cells which were23
vesicular stomatitis virus23
ileum epithelial cells23
gastroenteritis in pigs23
were washed with23
were determined by23
suggested that the23
the structure of23
the concentration of23
and then incubated23
coronavirus mouse hepatitis23
nucleotide sequence of23
data indicate that23
in response to23
this study was23
identification of a23
to analyze the23
of antibody binding23
but not in22
some of the22
bovine serum albumin22
the infection of22
chen et al22
part of the22
of e protein22
by transmissible gastroenteritis22
have not been22
in the n22
acid binding activity22
apn and egfr22
the nucleoprotein gene22
is consistent with22
garwes et al22
of the prcv22
pcr assay for22
plays an important22
the s glycoprotein22
virus infection induces22
was obtained from22
the di rna22
the ability to22
of severe acute22
of the same22
sodium dodecyl sulfate22
the virus in22
used to detect22
and the virus22
in the virus22
size of the22
inserted into the22
of st cells22
epithelial cells of22
in the intestine22
pi k akt22
viral rna synthesis22
with respect to22
because of the22
of s protein22
to confirm the22
the nature of22
of a porcine22
n protein of22
as described by21
with ml of21
have been reported21
and tgev infection21
linked immunosorbent assay21
infected cells were21
these results indicate21
g m phases21
m protein was21
cellular receptor for21
was found in21
swine enteric coronavirus21
were subjected to21
gene of transmissible21
cells were then21
after h of21
shown that the21
and stained with21
were found to21
and stored at21
has been described21
the spike gene21
of p and21
in the early21
of three independent21
orf a and21
have been used21
terminus of the21
at an moi21
the samples were21
no significant difference21
the course of21
by flow cytometry21
ingezim corona diferencial21
wesley et al21
the generation of21
immune response to21
pcv and tgev21
and cloned into21
the lack of21
m and s21
under the control21
a multiplicity of21
of tgev to21
the coronaviridae family21
intestinal epithelial cell21
tgev infection and21
suggest that the21
were cultured in21
innate immune response21
different time points21
tgev in the20
viral genomic rna20
cells were collected20
in newborn piglets20
were pretreated with20
in suckling piglets20
an moi of20
protein is a20
by western blot20
liu et al20
two types of20
murine hepatitis virus20
is a member20
the same time20
of the protein20
and orf b20
have been described20
expressed as the20
study showed that20
supported by the20
there is a20
in the study20
that the tgev20
in comparison with20
c for h20
the plates were20
increase in the20
in the control20
was incubated with20
c and d20
for pedv and20
the amino acid20
a series of20
replication in the20
downstream of the20
at a multiplicity20
the m gene20
the possibility of20
a transmissible gastroenteritis20
vitro and in20
of the disease20
at different time20
of maternal antibodies20
leader rna sequence20
of the orf20
to the s20
herpes simplex virus20
were fixed in20
human coronavirus e20
were carried out20
paraformaldehyde for min20
the site of20
infected with rtgev20
of all ages20
polymerase chain reaction20
f i p20
the tgev rbd20
was performed in20
were found in20
immune responses in19
mutations in the19
there is no19
detection of the19
treated with lp19
gastroenteritis virus by19
the fact that19
revealed that the19
the control group19
as described in19
of p mapk19
the tgev nucleoprotein19
incubated with the19
godet et al19
corresponding to the19
the nucleocapsid protein19
of the villi19
the culture medium19
enteric and respiratory19
in the spike19
was extracted from19
tgev for h19
was no significant19
to tgev infection19
n protein was19
were cloned into19
song et al19
tgev m protein19
to the n19
related porcine respiratory19
added to each19
tgev and pcv19
protein expressed in19
than in the19
deletion in the19
resulting in the19
required for the19
mucosal immune system19
and in vivo19
risco et al19
induced by the19
with or without19
the piglets were19
a mixture of19
not essential for19
from three independent19
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis19
the sialic acid19
cycle arrest and19
the addition of19
protein of transmissible19
indicates that the19
nature of the19
sensitivity of the19
may be a19
coronavirus related to19
in the infection19
dna and rna19
a and orf19
probably due to19
the viral rna19
of cell cycle19
interaction between the19
were washed twice19
m protein is19
the ratio of19
of the intestinal19
the importance of18
arrest and apoptosis18
of the assay18
of the pedv18
degree of antibody18
that the virus18
pcr products were18
obtained from the18
understanding of the18
tgev n gene18
the gene encoding18
indicate that the18
the porcine epidemic18
used as the18
compared to that18
we investigated the18
ren et al18
level of p18
sequences of the18
in cell cultures18
immune responses to18
human immunodeficiency virus18
and that the18
sites a and18
the influence of18
site of the18
to detect the18
in ml of18
at the indicated18
epithelial cells and18
the in vitro18
the porcine transmissible18
the possibility that18
tgev infection induced18
is an important18
hepatitis virus strain18
the enteric tropism18
of bovine coronavirus18
piglets in the18
have been identified18
were isolated from18
of the recombinant18
expressed in transgenic18
antibodies in the18
have been shown18
the inhibition of18
were performed in18
the study of18
role in tgev18
mouth disease virus18
the difference in18
pigs infected with18
ding et al18
of orf a18
as a control18
of a new18
for the expression18
in the serum18
at the n18
p mapk pathway18
ranging from to18
essential for the18
surface of the18
the villous enterocytes17
belong to the17
to the cells17
is a highly17
of this study17
structure of transmissible17
of the transmissible17
functional receptor for17
ortego et al17
on the other17
expression in the17
for the first17
bind to the17
the infectivity of17
is the most17
half of the17
corona diferencial elisa17
the m and17
and colon epithelial17
in a dose17
in the respiratory17
with paraformaldehyde for17
demonstrated that tgev17
appear to be17
and evolution of17
important roles in17
was confirmed by17
cell culture adapted17
s gene of17
levels in the17
was performed by17
transcription of tgev17
is a receptor17
tgev replication in17
was inserted into17
cells were seeded17
was lower than17
to the tgev17
cells per well17
performed using the17
conflict of interest17
the detection limit17
was performed as17
identification of the17
be used for17
be detected in17
with tgev for17
binding of the17
cells were pretreated17
the intestinal epithelium17
incubated for min17
it is possible17
in the usa17
thirds of the17
replication of tgev17
relative to the17
of glycoprotein s17
svanovir tgev prcv17
is not essential17
pedv s protein17
included in the17
vennema et al17
processing of the17
transferred to a17
infected cells and17
to the nucleus17
were compared with17
with a virulent17
were collected at17
were performed using17
mediated by the17
experiments were performed17
of a recombinant17
the growth of17
were used in17
crystal structure of17
result in the17
difference in the17
the mucosal immune17
the purdue strain16
was significantly lower16
the phosphorylation of16
with bound tgev16
is the first16
transfected with the16
located within the16
enjuanes et al16
did not show16
of tgev gene16
the tgev m16
of tgev is16
major structural proteins16
leader rna sequences16
were cotransfected with16
aynaud et al16
the clinical signs16
neutralizing antibody titers16
sethna et al16
to infection with16
coronavirus is a16
the release of16
in the swine16
of tgev were16
a negative control16
to of the16
which is a16
led to the16
major receptor for16
presence of a16
of these viruses16
the epithelial cells16
with the exception16
was evaluated by16
virus infection in16
with diarrhea in16
in cells infected16
sglt and glut16
followed by a16
jejunum and ileum16
a major receptor16
of tgev pl16
in the pig16
terminal half of16
that had been16
differentially expressed lncrnas16
of the human16
with n protein16
authors declare that16
to tgev and16
the sa protein16
zhou et al16
spike gene of16
results demonstrated that16
results suggested that16
apn positive cells16
results show that16
apn negative cells16
were incubated at16
cavanagh et al16
the largest rna16
lactogenic immunity against16
leading to the16
the activity of16
of the purdue16
for viral replication16
sites on the16
of the mhv16
and the tgev16
the recombinant lactobacillus16
detection limit of16
are essential for16
in the pbs16
mucosal and systemic16
glucose uptake in16
this study were16
binding of tgev16
coe and rlppg16
the mortality rate16
four major antigenic16
be due to16
was expressed in16
the jejunum of16
epithelial cell line16
early in infection16
after infection with16
were significantly higher16
influenza a virus16
cs a fibrillae16
and e proteins16
the s proteins16
absence of e16
pcr was performed16
gene of the16
tropism of the16
of p signaling16
virulent strain of16
as a result16
were able to16
evidence for a16
demonstrates that the16
virus replication in16
in the nucleus16
the isolation of16
that there is16
to amplify the16
virus binding to16
similar results were16
is not known16
when compared to16
clinical signs of16
that tgev n16
and immunogenicity of16
the majority of16
cells of the16
virus spike protein16
to each well16
of epithelial cells15
and treated with15
is difficult to15
of viral replication15
were expressed as15
effect on the15
interact with the15
with regard to15
located at the15
the distribution of15
with tgev antigen15
were transferred to15
two amino acid15
antigenic structure of15
in the porcine15
the orf gene15
molecular basis of15
mesenteric lymph node15
members of the15
the efficiency of15
was shown to15
cruz et al15
higher in the15
were removed by15
indirect fluorescent antibody15
stranded rna genome15
small intestine and15
j cells treated15
suggest that tgev15
as a negative15
addition to the15
cells were used15
in dmem containing15
recombinant s protein15
of pedv and15
tgev at a15
cell cycle progression15
makino et al15
in terms of15
i and ii15
the assembly of15
the viral membrane15
and expression of15
interacts with the15
jiang et al15
is possible that15
the insertion of15
the time of15
the membrane protein15
for porcine epidemic15
the structural proteins15
a polypeptide of15
entry into cells15
the viral envelope15
identified in the15
in the loss15
of the papn15
compared with that15
of the coronaviridae15
evolution of the15
levels of the15
in the field15
zhu et al15
and differentiation of15
carried out in15
not required for15
pathogenesis of transmissible15
antibodies against the15
with the cell15
weeks of age15
tgev infection induces15
was removed and15
cells were cotransfected15
prcv and tgev15
tgev s gene15
the tropism of15
of monoclonal antibodies15
binds to the15
the design of15
a titer of15
tropism and virulence15
has been used15
neutralizing antibodies in15
our results showed15
protein in the15
analysis was performed15
n proteins from15
was detected with15
none of the15
between the leader15
economic losses in15
receptor for pdcov15
the exception of15
a co incubator15
of differentially expressed15
balb c mice15
been detected in15
in all cases15
were performed as15
and porcine deltacoronavirus15
the recovery of15
of the rbd15
for more than15
the dko pigs15
and used to15
a cellular receptor15
induced mitochondrial damage15
and identification of15
were collected from15
the efficacy of15
on st cells15
tgev has been15
the finding that15
ml of pbs15
to identify the15
and rlppg f15
the tgev n15
have also been15
spike protein is15
upstream of the15
was able to15
of the membrane15
the virus to15
virus strain a15
are presented as15
has been previously15
the cellular receptor15
the accumulation of15
huang et al15
epithelial cells were15
morbidity and mortality15
against tgev and15
their ability to15
kindly provided by15
the application of14
the slides were14
animals immunized with14
rna genome of14
serum samples were14
the membrane was14
bernard et al14
data suggest that14
synthesis of the14
be used to14
for virus replication14
ability of the14
be related to14
the size of14
the other hand14
been used to14
cv vero adapted14
that the s14
and the other14
yang et al14
materials and methods14
and phylogenetic analysis14
leader rna and14
yuan et al14
middle east respiratory14
function of the14
cells were harvested14
antibodies to the14
there was a14
the function of14
and rna viruses14
the he protein14
primary porcine enterocytes14
clinical signs and14
at least three14
a determinant of14
bca protein assay14
against tgev in14
m protein of14
belongs to the14
tgev strain purdue14
a functional receptor14
the epidermal growth14
of the pfcrn14
swinecheck tgev prcv14
characteristics of a14
virus titers were14
proteins in the14
were challenged with14
for the tgev14
tgev infection was14
incubated with tgev14
more sensitive than14
by plaque assay14
deletions in the14
spike protein of14
villous enterocytes of14
there were no14
the negative control14
at the time14
some of these14
or tgev n14
supplemented with fbs14
culture medium was14
east respiratory syndrome14
did not neutralize14
for the development14
and infected with14
enteric tropism and14
tgev at moi14
the pellet was14
c in a14
a dilution of14
h at room14
is not clear14
proteins have been14
epidemic diarrhea in14
at the cell14
virus entry into14
the swine industry14
agreement with the14
that they have14
t cells in14
the subgenomic mrnas14
with that of14
required for viral14
inoculated with the14
e protein is14
in this case14
of the host14
of the receptor14
glycoprotein s polypeptides14
nchez et al14
comparison with the14
with porcine respiratory14
the tgev strain14
protein of the14
for mouse hepatitis14
was assessed by14
innate immune responses14
involved in tgev14
were selected for14
was similar to14
no effect on14
systemic immune responses14
mediated isothermal amplification14
play important roles14
these results indicated14
the tgev and14
have demonstrated that14
of pigs with14
structural proteins of14
side of the14
lee et al14
into host cells14
is an enveloped14
and avian coronaviruses14
resulting in a14
tgev and pdcov14
oral administration of14
a and d14
in the culture14
dmem supplemented with14
the s domain14
using monoclonal antibodies14
was expressed as14
is not required14
diarrhea in swine14
of newborn piglets14
efficacy of a14
mechanism of tgev14
e and e14
course of the14
the extent of14
dependent rna polymerase14
located on the14
tgev at an14
when cells were14
purdue strain of14
the cytoplasm of14
assay for the14
the antigenic sites14
tgev is an14
mouse monoclonal anti14
to the viral14
infected cells per14
cell culture medium14
role of the14
copy number of14
sequences in the13
these data indicate13
expressed in the13
hu et al13
the existence of13
the emergence of13
the process of13
infection of the13
the lamina propria13
the ingezim corona13
the in vivo13
were seeded in13
cells and the13
declare that they13
differences between the13
in the infected13
they have no13
recombinant vaccinia virus13
days of age13
mucosal immune response13
passages in tissue13
we demonstrated that13
and it is13
pfu ml in13
by the coronavirus13
with the results13
infection with the13
and western blot13
an increase in13
to test the13
transfected into pk13
complex with the13
and systemic immune13
was performed on13
well plates and13
compared with those13
on tgev replication13
diarrhea in pigs13
studies showed that13
tgev prcv recombinant13
may have been13
are consistent with13
infected cells was13
of the other13
phylogenetic analysis of13
and pathogenesis of13
st cells and13
these results suggested13
analysis of porcine13
ibv and mhv13
at days post13
results in the13
ra plus tgev13
immunized with rlppg13
in pbs for13
when the cells13
those in the13
days after the13
was consistent with13
against challenge with13
antigenic sites a13
entry of ribosomes13
were collected and13
is present in13
of pedv n13
the age of13
chang et al13
tgev was detected13
is caused by13
were identified as13
been demonstrated to13
i i f13
induced cell cycle13
two of the13
and has been13
the results obtained13
in the golgi13
serves as a13
the transcription of13
for h in13
the orf a13
the proliferation of13
responses induced by13
not significantly different13
losses in the13
with the s13
the result of13
viral replication and13
of the wt13
were mixed with13
regardless of the13
of the piglets13
with lysis buffer13
due to a13
was performed to13
of clinical signs13
associated with diarrhea13
c for s13
determination of the13
the murine coronavirus13
a highly contagious13
of cells in13
the copy number13
related to tgev13
with the same13
and prcv strains13
is mediated by13
changes at the13
virus and transmissible13
of the virion13
antigenic relationship of13
early stage of13
subgenomic mrna species13
orally immunized with13
were then incubated13
at g for13
the genome of13
were collected for13
viruses such as13
natural science foundation13
miller and purdue13
approved by the13
the tgev spike13
tips of the13
isolation of a13
in neonatal piglets13
gastroenteritis virus spike13
protein is not13
for tgev infection13
by fluorescence microscopy13
of orf b13
was measured by13
in mammalian cells13
sequence at the13
cd and papn13
and n genes13
of the gene13
of the murine13
the tips of13
was higher than13
the gastrointestinal tract13
infectious cdna clone13
the infected cells13
antibody responses to13
m and n13
in complex with13
that the spike13
in any of13
the coronavirus infectious13
the assay was13
pensaert et al13
conjugated secondary antibodies13
significantly increased the13
antigenic relationship between13
plates were washed13
and table s13
the pbs group13
s gene sequences13
analyzed by western13
saif and wesley13
cells at h13
is capable of13
with the control13
of apn positive13
only in the13
to the m13
which is the13
pellet was resuspended13
shedding of prcv13
induces cell cycle13
a concentration of13
was derived from13
the nucleotide sequence13
coronavirus infection in13
acid changes at13
the differentially expressed13
of di rna13
have been detected13
tgev and the13
significantly lower than13
is a functional13
antibodies for h13
infected cell lysates13
in the first13
nuclei were stained13
but not the13
via activation of13
to that in12
human and animal12
the n terminus12
antibodies to tgev12
immunogenicity of the12
integral membrane protein12
are required for12
and did not12
equine influenza virus12
of pedv in12
mrna expression levels12
may play a12
in cultured cells12
critical epitopes in12
contrast to the12
coronaviruses as the12
virus with a12
sense rna genome12
the glycoprotein s12
m and m12
the immunogenicity of12
may be involved12
of the rna12
by using the12
gene in the12
the enteric tract12
against tgev infection12
and centrifuged at12
by neutralizing antibodies12
of the p12
cells that were12
virus on the12
were as follows12
in accordance with12
result showed that12
of prcv was12
used to infect12
is a determinant12
the endoplasmic reticulum12
of diarrhea in12
no competing interests12
expression of tgev12
the pfcrn gene12
experimentally infected with12
in the immunized12
differentially expressed proteins12
role of apn12
the af mab12
described in the12
plays a role12
national natural science12
assays were performed12
the papn ectodomain12
were tested for12
on the day12
considered statistically significant12
by means of12
of the four12
the intestinal contents12
with tgev strain12
the complete genome12
it may be12
cells were inoculated12
h prior to12
inhibition of tgev12
egfp expression vector12
based on a12
at seven days12
of the bovine12
which can be12
of the negative12
l a and12
cd ssc low12
gastroenteritis coronavirus is12
the spike glycoprotein12
pan et al12
regions of the12
it is difficult12
st cells was12
vero adapted strain12
was cloned into12
cd cd t12
the percentages of12
we conclude that12
listed in table12
functions as a12
prior to infection12
gastroenteritis virus of12
study of the12
evidence that the12
and western blotting12
is shown in12
infected with a12
were negative for12
early in tgev12
contribute to the12
in this paper12
dependent on the12
released from the12
a deletion of12
the tgev infection12
presence of tgev12
lower than the12
a new coronavirus12
of viral proteins12
the susceptibility of12
wt pigs were12
of the samples12
to bind to12
the virus and12
may also be12
cells with bound12
resulted in the12
the gene source12
of the total12
was based on12
domains in the12
not affect the12
the results were12
and used as12
attenuated and virulent12
had no effect12
a previous study12
anpep ko pigs12
to the virus12
g g phase12
with porcine epidemic12
gene source of12
the differences in12
cells were lysed12
recombinase polymerase amplification12
protein levels of12
in the colostrum12
prrsv m protein12
and the cell12
of the virulent12
transmissible gastroenteritis and12
temperature for h12
the analysis of12
component of the12
fipv type i12
h post infection12
was detected using12
in porcine intestinal12
four structural proteins12
explained by the12
the pcr products12
at a dilution12
higher than the12
levels of p12
woo et al12
strains of the12
is important to12
receptor for pedv12
as the gene12
of swine enteric12
tropism of tgev12
are required to12
the svanovir tgev12
is critical for12
the e glycoprotein12
the two viruses12
is characterized by12
were positive for12
of the heterologous12
structures of the12
diarrhea virus infection12
amino acid residues12
during the first12
the relationship between12
the beginning of12
of the ibv12
was identified as12
intestinal stem cells12
phosphate buffered saline12
recombinant swinepox virus12
portion of the12
cells released from12
rasschaert et al12
has been identified12
nsp and nsp12
are located within12
from the same12
nucleocapsid protein of12
for the rapid12
stat signaling pathway12
a fluorescence microscope12
is believed to12
the causative agent12
cycle arrest at12
epitopes in transmissible12
the total rna12
of suspect results12
expressed in e12
diarrhea virus strain12
ma et al12
in situ hybridization12
acid sequences of12
virus replication and12
s protein and12
tgev infection on12
were examined by11
the membranes were11
the preparation of11
de groot et11
sequencing of the11
the difference between11
after infection and11
in the di11
difference between the11
were randomly divided11
was measured at11
the spread of11
of the nucleoprotein11
st cell monolayers11
il rap and11
were analyzed using11
cd ssc high11
the proportion of11
the porcine reproductive11
s and s11
virus in porcine11
can be found11
it is likely11
into three groups11
complementary to the11
in both the11
were synthesized by11
by electron microscopy11
glycoprotein s from11
by the viral11
of tge virus11
taxonomy of viruses11
the interpretation of11
been identified in11
in the spleen11
is similar to11
are located on11
peng et al11
to the intestinal11
calculated using the11
luytjes et al11
ends of the11
isolated from a11
or the full11
proteins were identified11
gastroenteritis virus on11
hepatitis b virus11
s protein in11
it should be11
or negative control11
immunogenicity of recombinant11
deletion of the11
s gene was11
the cell lines11
cycle arrest in11
immunized with tgev11
simultaneous detection of11
s proteins from11
aminopeptidase n and11
as high as11
hofmann et al11
cv fecal suspension11
the human coronavirus11
antibody titers in11
more than one11
virus and its11
of aminopeptidase n11
were stored at11
be associated with11
that eif a11
the attachment of11
and canine coronaviruses11
the rate of11
twice with pbs11
of the structural11
detection of pedv11
different from the11
u ml penicillin11
carried out using11
the fusion of11
immune response in11
performed according to11
in the order11
expression of apn11
determined by the11
from tgev and11
in the ileum11
a consequence of11
method for the11
tgev infection is11
foundation of china11
in of the11
lymph node cells11
tgev is a11
for rapid detection11
gastroenteritis virus neutralization11
well plates were11
provided by dr11
the identification of11
of apn and11
have been demonstrated11
been demonstrated that11
to the golgi11
with the virus11
obtained from a11
is likely that11
to examine the11
and the results11
the secretory pathway11
discovery of a11
porcine enteric coronaviruses11
transfected with n11
entry of tgev11
in the formation11
in the feces11
seems to be11
of tgev has11
using trizol reagent11
from the viral11
of spike protein11
enteric coronavirus related11
the virus is11
are listed in11
infection with a11
fragment of the11
in each group11
protein a g11
analysis showed that11
limit of the11
saif and fernandez11
group was significantly11
followed by the11
of the target11
were maintained in11
it is a11
of apn in11
was removed by11
and m proteins11
prcv recombinant elisa11
the optical density11
on the s11
zhao et al11
virus in vitro11
cell entry receptor11
causative agent of11
was calculated using11
relationship of the11
tgev nucleoprotein gene11
experimental infection of11
the serum of11
accordance with the11
fecal and nasal11
the day of11
the three commercial11
acts as a11
of the peplomer11
parts of the11
swine fever virus11
the pedv s11
was amplified by11
replicates in the11
pedv n and11
the replicase gene11
the supernatant of11
to protect against11
cells compared to11
cells with tgev11
with those of11
effects of tgev11
detected by the11
and in vitro11
fusion of the11
and h post11
led to a11
of m protein11
antibody responses in11
its enteric tropism11
science foundation of11
mice orally immunized11
cell proliferation and11
the indicated time11
spike glycoprotein s11
within the same11
of its enteric11
mrna and protein11
of the control11
the antigenic relationship11
cells stably expressing11
protein and the11
the piglets in11
m and e11
cleavage of the11
in some cases11
significantly higher in11
no conflict of11
could be detected11
total number of11
identified as a11
small intestine of11
the ectodomain of11
at s and11
required for efficient11
and high mortality11
monoclonal antibodies against11
rna helicase ddx11
is a key11
consistent with a11
virus in cell11
not affected by11
the same conditions11
the sequences of11
were resuspended in11
the molecular basis11
a t the11
porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis11
three major structural11
that tgev pl11
into virus particles11
and maintained in11
of the large11
egfp empty vector11
the size and11
caused by the11
been identified as11
significant differences in11
is the main11
the enteropathogenicity of11
in each well11
function as a11
of ibv and11
pcr using the11
that the leader11
cells compared with11
rna and dna11
to each other11
of lgr iscs11
of the family11
of subgenomic mrnas11
pigs in the11
determinant of its11
the porcine respiratory11
in recent years11
observed between the11
the tgev purdue11
and the cells11
is not yet11
in host cells11
because of its11
results of the11
in neonatal pigs11
appeared to be11
of sows with11
of newborn pigs11
the origin of11
the viral nucleocapsid11
and h p11
under a fluorescence11
the appearance of11
the differentiation of11
did not affect11
in tgev replication11
that apn is11
strain of transmissible11
on the amino11
from the cell11
than those in11
the immune system11
the interaction of11
cells were stained11
partial protection against11
group than in11
the helper virus11
mechanism by which11
moi of tgev11
tgev or prcv11
was used in11
the viability of11
which has been11
and could be11
h of incubation11
enteric tropism of11
were considered significant11
in the induction11
of the respiratory11
except for the11
percentage of apn11
in vero cells11
were characterized by10
were obtained by10
the online version10
b cells and10
wu et al10
were interpreted as10
be detected by10
be responsible for10
and the expression10
porcine kidney cells10
quantitative proteomic analysis10
as a vaccine10
the cells released10
in serum and10
mrna start sites10
of the present10
target of mir10
is one of10
tgev inactivated vaccine10
in the supernatants10
reactivity between tgev10
jung et al10
n and m10
are associated with10
a sialic acid10
compared to mock10
activated protein kinase10
th and th10
number of the10
studies on transmissible10
the swinecheck tgev10
propagation of the10
moi for h10
basis of the10
on the viral10
green fluorescent protein10
was identified in10
high level of10
lamphear et al10
localization of the10
position of the10
of tgev strains10
a function of10
higher than those10
immune responses and10
internal entry of10
was mixed with10
vaccine on days10
cells using the10
would be expected10
incubated with mouse10
titers were determined10
enterocytes of newborn10
activity of the10
s and n10
cells were co10
was prepared in10
of eif a10
were measured by10
and tgev was10
different concentrations of10
of host cells10
that the recombinant10
and n proteins10
this is the10
immune response against10
a monoclonal antibody10
also showed that10
the university of10
it is worth10
has been observed10
in a swine10
influenza c virus10
fixed with acetone10
with the porcine10
and cultured for10
different types of10
were also observed10
yokomori et al10
the s subunit10
length glycoprotein s10
greater than that10
and analysis of10
known to be10
in a humidified10
systemic and mucosal10
on transmissible gastroenteritis10
after centrifugation at10
of virus infection10
virus are located10
responses in the10
renewal and differentiation10
to develop a10
amplified by pcr10
from porcine transmissible10
of the enteric10
of the sequence10
gastroenteritis virus from10
to explore the10
amino acids of10
and evaluation of10
the coronavirus mouse10
that the expression10
clarified by centrifugation10
hepatitis b surface10
occurs in the10
sites c and10
at and h10
gastroenteritis coronavirus spike10
be explained by10
for min in10
samples were tested10
the potential of10
mg ml streptomycin10
no significant differences10
at and hpi10
groot et al10
infected cells which10
molecular characterization and10
results not shown10
were verified by10
at a concentration10
the international committee10
performed in triplicate10
data indicated that10
there are no10
of this article10
the mrna start10
by incubation with10
interpretation of suspect10
the small intestinal10
close to the10
receptor for mouse10
and replication of10
been described in10
apn is a10
gfp and tgev10
pdcov and tgev10
infection in the10
for use in10
proteins of the10
were harvested and10
feline enteric coronavirus10
treated with the10
iga antibodies in10
results demonstrate that10
integrin and ccr10
the translation of10
and attenuated strains10
attached to the10
were consistent with10
as templates for10
of the immune10
a result of10
significant difference in10
humoral immune response10
used to confirm10
and subjected to10
protein that is10
neonatal calf diarrhea10
a co atmosphere10
stained with hoechst10
differential diagnosis of10
that it is10
was digested with10
the early stage10
sequence of a10
and amino acid10
of the different10
correlated with the10
suspect results were10
are responsible for10
rna was isolated10
modified live virus10
results were obtained10
of the corresponding10
studies of the10
after h incubation10
protective lactogenic immunity10
beginning of the10
time reverse transcription10
from porcine respiratory10
sawicki and sawicki10
the oral route10
followed by goat10
t cells to10
bacterial artificial chromosome10
pedv n cells10
committee on taxonomy10
antigens on the10
standard deviation for10
after infection of10
b and d10
recombination demonstrates that10
j cells infected10
c and b10
dilutions of the10
before and after10
in tgev infected10
be used as10
each sample was10
as a consequence10
the modified live10
carried out by10
has shown that10
it is important10
of a probiotic10
specific for tgev10
effect of tgev10
or infected with10
in escherichia coli10
alignment of the10
the s region10
in the lamina10
is a common10
membrane protein of10
the animals were10
by goat anti10
been associated with10
the variant tgev10
with tgev or10
that the levels10
recombinant plasmid ppg10
orf l a10
of the sars10
antibodies were detected10
studies on the10
and the resulting10
the heterologous gene10
st cells infected10
international committee on10
for h with10
pigs of all10
piglets born to10
formation of the10
as evidenced by10
restriction endonuclease sites10
schultze et al10
as a model10
determine whether the10
of murine hepatitis10
findings suggest that10
protection against tgev10
the viral genomic10
the titers of10
whether or not10
distinct from the10
as a template10
effects of the10
of virus in10
immune response of10
expression of small10
of tgev s10
this suggests that10
which were fixed10
confirmed that the10
of the jejunum10
the introduction of10
of virus particles10
the intensity of10
penzes et al10
significantly increase the10
j cells by10
coronaviruses such as10
to interact with10
tissue culture fluid10
divided into four10
the stimulation of10
rna virus genome10
after passages in10
the stability of10
deduced amino acid10
by the addition10
protein expression of10
homing receptors on10
for the study10
in the coronavirus10
of apn negative10
of murine coronaviruses10
expression of p10
isolation and identification10
of viral antigens10
analysis of variance10
may be an10
we determined the10
sites in the10
spike protein result10
virus isolation and10
the involvement of10
protein result in10
h post transfection10
targeted recombination demonstrates10
to n protein10
insight into the10
b surface antigen10
the rna genome10
largest rna virus10
correa et al10
in a variety10
it is the10
and the supernatant10
h and h10
of lactic acid10
phase of the10
construction of a10
of the nucleocapsid10
is a type10
gastroenteritis coronavirus genome10
with the indicated10
pigs were used10
three of the10
significantly different from10
phosphorylation of p10
on pedv replication10
using the same10
summarized in table10
is also a10
of human coronavirus10
the first time10
tgev and ccv10
of recombinant lactobacillus10
level of tgev10
expression levels in10
the animals immunized10
tgev strain miller10
divided into three10
the absorbance was10
porcine circovirus type10
the innate immune10
sturman and holmes10
to form a10
supernatants were collected10
purdue and miller10
classical swine fever10
the lactobacillus vaccine10
the basis for10
mammalian and avian10
is expressed in10
prior to farrowing10
reed and muench10
were harvested at10
the characteristics of10
of the infected10
the secondary antibody10
from that of10
for h prior10
all piglets were10
show that the10
is known to10
cells from the10
considered to be10
and found that9
for pcv and9
the order nidovirales9
amount of viral9
e and f9
disruption of the9
gastroenteritis and porcine9
emergence of porcine9
determinants are located9
g e v9
a review of9
infection by tgev9
antigenic homology among9
of the first9
immunity against transmissible9
tgev infection of9
the neutralizing antibody9
were separated by9
may be the9
was collected and9
the intestinal tract9
of protection against9
is necessary for9
half of spike9
by pcr using9
is able to9
product of the9
it is interesting9
smith et al9
by the national9
piglets infected with9
infection in vitro9
be able to9
to detect tgev9
as the target9
different from those9
bound to the9
domains of the9
fixed cells were9
mpi to mpi9
days after inoculation9
at h after9
single amino acid9
and mucosal immune9
de diego et9
protein was expressed9
enteric tropism in9
tgev infection could9
was determined using9
reactive oxygen species9
of up to9
of the viruses9
m protein and9
virus of swine9
ssc low cells9
cells did not9
coronavirus infections in9
randomly divided into9
and resuspended in9
humoral and cellular9
in this region9
to inhibit the9
this could be9
in the development9
were classified as9
viral rna was9
with rlppg f9
structural components from9
of the full9
evaluation of the9
are needed to9
of the animals9
use of a9
the method of9
was not affected9
by a few9
the viral replication9
as shown by9
it was not9
coronavirus defective interfering9
belouzard et al9
results were interpreted9
mabs specific for9
were examined for9
samples were taken9
cells were maintained9
this protein is9
stages of the9
virus by rt9
tooze et al9
when suspect results9
of the serum9
of the infection9
for tgev replication9
were observed between9
de haan et9
to the leader9
the wt group9
of influenza a9
was tested by9
diego et al9
evaluated in this9
c and f9
number of cd9
dko pigs and9
presented as the9
cell line was9
the region of9
and c antigen9
the severity of9
the functions of9
in target cells9
the enteric and9
hoechst for min9
of swine transmissible9
viral replication in9
purchased from sigma9
act as a9
used to analyze9
has been detected9
on taxonomy of9
kidney cell line9
neutralizing antibodies against9
sensitivity and specificity9
was detected at9
of the replication9
t g e9
seen in the9
h and then9
of the genus9
bos et al9
in the correct9
been reported that9
selected characteristics of9
s protein has9
diarrhea virus strains9
interaction between tgev9
way analysis of9
gp and gp9
from the tgev9
is worth noting9
isolated from tgev9
clone and evolution9
by the use9
diarrhea in piglets9
in cells transfected9
yu et al9
data demonstrate that9
the cells in9
fecal shedding of9
to the small9
these findings suggest9
that the m9
oral corn vaccine9
of amino acids9
the feces of9
mice immunized with9
orally inoculated with9
followed by dylight9
and nasal swabs9
have no competing9
is important for9
is composed of9