Distant Reader - subject-christianMartyrs-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 6 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 747,596 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 124,599 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 93. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, christ, church, will, one, king, lord, shall, great, day, bishop, haue, many, vnto, may, hee, man, men, life, time, yet, us, death, made, good, word, now, first, pag, also, pope, people, gods, iohn, holy, body, faith, yeare, world, truth, vpon, much, things, without, true, called, sent, come, say, onely

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A cloud of witnesses, or, The sufferers mirrour made up of the swanlike-songs, and other choice passages of several martyrs and confessors to the sixteenth century, in their treatises, speeches, letters, prayers, &c. in their prisons, or exiles, at the bar, or stake, &c. / collected out of the ecclesiastical histories of Eusebius, Fox, Fuller, Petrie, Scotland, and Mr. Samuel Ward''s Life of faith in death, &c. and alphabetically disposed by T.M., M.A., Christs victorie ouer Sathans tyrannie Wherin is contained a catalogue of all Christs faithfull souldiers that the Diuell either by his grand captaines the emperours, or by his most deerly beloued sonnes and heyres the popes, haue most cruelly martyred for the truth. With all the poysoned doctrins wherewith that great redde dragon hath made drunken the kings and inhabitants of the earth; with the confutations of them together with all his trayterous practises and designes, against all Christian princes to this day, especially against our late Queen Elizabeth of famous memorie, and our most religious Soueraigne Lord King Iames. Faithfully abstracted out of the Book of martyrs, and diuers other books. By Thomas Mason preacher of Gods Word., and Naphtali, or, The wrestlings of the Church of Scotland for the kingdom of Christ contained in a true and short deduction thereof, from the beginning of the reformation of religion, until the year 1667 : together with the last speeches and testimonies of some who have died for the truth since the year 1660 : whereunto are also subjoyned, a relation of the sufferings and death of Mr. Hew McKail ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

jesus christ, gods word, hac die, six hundred, twentith day, one thousand, lord jesus, christian faith, holy ghost, great veneration, great sanctity, next day, seauen hundred, king henry, pleased god, went ouer, let us, blessed dayes, cathedrall church, iesus christ, king edward, god will, set forth, true religion, haue byn, holy church, every one, many miracles, hundred fourscore, gaue vp, set vp, lord god, christ saith, many yeares, right hand, holy spirit, christs body, euery one, old age, ye shall, christ jesus, saint paul, new testament, iohn hus, catholick church, french king, eius vita, haue done, taken vp, venerable old

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Christs victorie ouer Sathans tyrannie Wherin is contained a catalogue of all Christs faithfull souldiers that the Diuell either by his grand captaines the emperours, or by his most deerly beloued sonnes and heyres the popes, haue most cruelly martyred for the truth. With all the poysoned doctrins wherewith that great redde dragon hath made drunken the kings and inhabitants of the earth; with the confutations of them together with all his trayterous practises and designes, against all Christian princes to this day, especially against our late Queen Elizabeth of famous memorie, and our most religious Soueraigne Lord King Iames. Faithfully abstracted out of the Book of martyrs, and diuers other books. By Thomas Mason preacher of Gods Word. Naphtali, or, The wrestlings of the Church of Scotland for the kingdom of Christ contained in a true and short deduction thereof, from the beginning of the reformation of religion, until the year 1667 : together with the last speeches and testimonies of some who have died for the truth since the year 1660 : whereunto are also subjoyned, a relation of the sufferings and death of Mr. Hew McKail ..., and A cloud of witnesses, or, The sufferers mirrour made up of the swanlike-songs, and other choice passages of several martyrs and confessors to the sixteenth century, in their treatises, speeches, letters, prayers, &c. in their prisons, or exiles, at the bar, or stake, &c. / collected out of the ecclesiastical histories of Eusebius, Fox, Fuller, Petrie, Scotland, and Mr. Samuel Ward''s Life of faith in death, &c. and alphabetically disposed by T.M., M.A..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

lord, king, god, church, religion, law, christian, spirit, queene, pope, kingdome, iohn, gods, england, bishop, word, truth, tcp, sea, priest, people, paul, parliament, papists, martyr, holy, gospel, father, faith, emperour, doctrine, council, christ, children, canterbury, apostles, year, work, william, vol, virgin, virg, tyburne, transl, tower, thomas, thing, testimony, stake, sonne

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and A cloud of witnesses, or, The sufferers mirrour made up of the swanlike-songs, and other choice passages of several martyrs and confessors to the sixteenth century, in their treatises, speeches, letters, prayers, &c. in their prisons, or exiles, at the bar, or stake, &c. / collected out of the ecclesiastical histories of Eusebius, Fox, Fuller, Petrie, Scotland, and Mr. Samuel Ward''s Life of faith in death, &c. and alphabetically disposed by T.M., M.A. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

day, man, men, time, life, death, people, body, yeare, things, world, truth, hee, others, faith, place, power, yeares, word, hath, name, thing, cause, nothing, hand, part, hands, fire, dayes, religion, words, none, self, ▪, kings, way, blood, end, king, matter, head, heart, times, honour, doth, grace, glory, mercy, manner, miracles

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, be, is, were, had, said, are, have, being, do, did, made, called, sent, come, am, say, make, came, burned, been, put, brought, take, vnto, haue, let, answered, done, suffer, know, set, see, taken, die, condemned, went, according, pray, died, kept, give, saying, found, suffered, hath, blessed, bee, 〈, having

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, christ, lord, church, king, s., bishop, 〉, ●, ◊, 〈, thou, pag, pope, iohn, c., gods, hath, haue, england, hee, word, rome, holy, ye, l., christs, priest, thomas, father, bishops, kingdome, emperour, sacrament, covenant, scotland, mr., jesus, london, monastery, abbot, lords, law, saint, spirit, faith, councell, doctrine, henry, sea

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, he, i, it, him, they, their, you, them, my, our, we, me, her, your, us, she, thy, himself, themselves, thee, vp, mine, its, ye, ian, theirs, one, vnto, ours, yow, yours, ourselves, itself, herself, ●, whereof, thou, hee, em, hers, yourselves, yourself, yit, yee, wr, whosoever, vl, v, there

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

great, same, other, many, such, good, true, own, more, first, whole, holy, little, last, much, old, wicked, most, present, second, famous, full, christian, false, new, able, worthy, godly, noble, next, poor, dead, common, haue, ready, least, like, better, third, high, few, long, greater, former, saith, certain, very, sure, faithful, contrary

not, then, so, now, also, most, more, there, therefore, onely, yet, thereof, as, out, very, first, away, only, well, much, thus, up, rather, here, never, ever, before, forth, even, together, again, long, afterward, especially, in, therein, no, off, thereby, otherwise, else, once, down, far, often, still, ouer, all, indeed, likewise

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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