Distant Reader - subject-clergy-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 62 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 2,174,327 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 35,069 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 91. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, may, will, church, one, men, yet, man, shall, christ, good, much, great, many, must, now, therefore, people, first, things, us, also, say, time, ministers, made, without, lord, word, make, well, might, though, true, others, world, thing, gods, let, saith, like, haue, take, minister, way, doth, see, power, come, part

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Saints by calling: or Called to be saints A godly treatise of our holy calling to Christ, by the gospell. With the seuerall gifts proper vnto the called: and their counterfeits in the hypocrites which are not partakers of this effectuall calling. Written by Thomas Wilson, minister of Gods word, at S. Georges Church in Canterbury., M. Perkins, his Exhortation to repentance, out of Zephaniah preached in 2. sermons in Sturbridge Faire. Together with two treatises of the duties and dignitie of the ministrie: deliuered publiquely in the Vniuersitie of Cambridge. With a preface præfixed touching the publishing of all such workes of his as are to be expected: with a catalogue of all the perticulers [sic] of them, diligently perused and published, by a preacher of the word., and The lives of two and twenty English divines eminent in their generations for learning, piety, and painfulnesse in the work of the ministry, and for their sufferings in the cause of Christ : whereunto are annexed the lives of Gaspar Coligni, that famous admirall of France, slain in the Parisian massacre, and of Joane Queen of Navarr, who died a little before / by Samuel Clarke ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

roman non, holy ghost, jesus christ, must needs, let us, english books, early english, every one, books online, new testament, humane learning, every man, let vs, page images, god will, one another, christ iesus, monsieur claude, text creation, creation partnership, man may, false prophets, gods word, lords day, one thing, many things, particular church, many times, take away, iesus christ, take heed, like manner, greatest part, men may, may see, whole world, good things, gods children, take notice, true church, make use, old testament, euery man, will never, much less, yet notwithstanding, mr culmer, good men, may preach, nothing else

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A just correction and inlargement of a scandalous bill of the mortality of the malignant clergie of London, and other parts of the kingdome, which have been justly sequestred from their pastorall-charges, and since that (some of them) defunct, by reason of the contageous infection of the prelaticall pride and malignancie of their owne spirits; since the yeare 1641. to this present year 1647. Together with the severall pernicious casualties of the same. Or, A succinct traiterologie, in answer to a lying martyrologie, and catalogue of the gracelesse, and godlesse, lazy Levites, and proud prelaticall priests of the City of London, and beyond the liberties thereof, who have been justly imprisoned and deprived of their estates ... Serving for London, especially, and the liberties thereof, with the out-parishes; together with most parts of the whole kingdome, both city and country. / By J:V. The VViltshire rant; or A narrative wherein the most unparallel''d prophane actings, counterfeit repentings, and evil speakings of Thomas Webbe late pretended minister of Langley Buriall, are discovered; the particulars whereof are set down in the following page. Also the proceedings of those in authority against him. With a catalogue of his untruths in his Masse of malice, and replies to sundry of them. by Edw. Stokes Esq;, and The duty of pastors and people distingushed [sic]. Or A briefe discourse, touching the administration of things commanded in religion. Especially concerning the means to be used by the people of God (distinct from church-officers) for the increasing of divine knowledge in themselves and others. Wherein bounds are prescribed to their peformances, their liberty is enlarged to the utmost extent of the dictates of nature and rules of charity: their duty laid downe in directions, drawn from Scripture-precepts, and the practise of Gods people in all ages. Together with the severall wayes of extraordinary calling to the office of publike teaching, with what assurance such teachers may have of their calling, and what evidence they can give of it, unto others. / By John Ovven, M.A. of Q. Col. O..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

church, god, lord, tcp, christ, ministry, world, law, spirit, people, ministers, minister, man, scripture, prophets, office, king, gospell, cor, clergy, act, word, scriptures, religion, parliament, gospel, gods, bishop, authority, paul, men, christian, apostle, text, nation, doctrine, university, testament, son, sir, roman, parish, ordination, kingdom, iesus, holy, haue, father, family, faith

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and The prerogative priests passing-bell. Or Amen to the rigid clergy. Shewing the usefulness, equity, lawfulness, and necessity, of private persons to take upon them preaching or expounding of the scriptures, having a call thereto by the word of God, and agreeable to the practise of the best reformed churches of Christ, and judgment of judicious divines both forraign and domestick. Being a brief reply to that discourse intituled The pulpit guarded with 17 arguments, and owned by Tho. Hall. Calculated on purpose for the metropolis of Northamptonshire, and may serve indifferently for those parts that are in conjunction with the northern climate. / By William Hartley. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

men, man, things, people, time, others, thing, way, word, part, place, words, day, reason, power, work, hath, nothing, life, ministers, self, truth, faith, world, persons, times, p., none, ▪, scripture, name, end, hands, death, one, body, heart, nature, doth, manner, matter, hand, religion, ordination, text, sense, rest, years, order, use

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, have, were, had, do, being, did, been, say, made, make, said, let, take, come, see, know, called, give, done, according, put, set, hath, think, given, am, sent, having, taken, preach, speak, read, find, came, go, found, haue, prove, thought, brought, concerning, believe, call, teach, has, bee

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, 〉, ◊, 〈, church, christ, lord, c., hath, gods, ministers, minister, ●, bishop, thou, ministry, mr., king, spirit, master, gospel, office, holy, word, law, world, bishops, paul, doe, haue, sir, st., tim, doctrine, cor, apostles, father, england, clergy, christians, text, authority, act, tcp, de, churches, christian, book, s., men

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, he, they, their, i, them, him, you, we, our, your, my, us, me, himself, themselves, her, thy, its, she, thee, theirs, one, mine, ours, yours, ''em, ye, vp, l, itself, vnto, us''d, ''s, em, s, non, myself, whereof, †, hers, ian, yee, thou, eateth, whence, ut, u, ourselves

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, great, many, good, own, same, true, more, much, first, little, whole, able, particular, necessary, non, most, saith, last, least, false, common, present, better, -, new, holy, roman, second, ordinary, greater, best, very, several, few, old, godly, full, former, like, extraordinary, private, greatest, sufficient, due, next, certain, worthy, fit

not, so, then, now, therefore, more, very, also, as, only, yet, well, most, much, up, thus, out, here, never, first, onely, there, too, even, ever, rather, indeed, all, in, down, together, again, away, still, before, especially, forth, long, far, often, else, sometimes, that, is, at, no, thereof, otherwise, truly, off

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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