Distant Reader - author-petersHugh-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-23 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 31 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 271,150 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 8,746 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 94. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

may, church, god, will, one, men, covenant, lord, christ, bee, many, good, shall, us, mr, much, man, yet, peters, text, now, time, must, great, first, also, without, therefore, make, things, people, though, say, doe, might, made, churches, well, let, others, come, know, wee, never, england, members, day, take, two, work

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Church-government and church-covenant discussed, in an answer of the elders of the severall churches in New-England to two and thirty questions, sent over to them by divers ministers in England, to declare their judgments therein. Together with an apologie of the said elders in New-England for church-covenant, sent over in answer to Master Bernard in the yeare 1639. As also in an answer to nine positions about church-government. And now published for the satisfaction of all who desire resolution in those points., An apologie of the churches in New-England for church-covenant, or, A discourse touching the covenant between God and men, and especially concerning church-covenant ... sent over in answer to Master Bernard, in the yeare 1639 ..., and Good work for a good magistrate or, a short cut to great quiet. By honest, homely plain English hints given from Scripture, reason, and experience, for the regulating of most cases in this Common-wealth. Concerning religion; mercie; justice. By H.P..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

english books, early english, may bee, books online, hugh peters, page images, jesus christ, visible church, textual changes, early works, defects per, new testament, every one, one another, text creation, creation partnership, lord jesus, roman non, let us, must bee, might bee, will make, financial support, institutions providing, work described, online text, tiff page, images scanned, markup reviewed, without asking, commercial purposes, image set, text transcribed, proquest page, batch review, creative commons, encoded text, encoded edition, bit group, iv tiff, pfs batch, tcp assigned, asking permission, will bee, xml conversion, providing financial, collaborative curation, computationally tractable, standardized format, end users

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A way propounded to make the poor in these and other nations happy, by bringing together a fit, suitable, and well qualified people unto one houshold-government, or little-common-wealth ... whereunto is also annexed an invitation to this society, or little common-wealth / by Peter Cornelius, Van-zurik-zee. Milk for babes, and meat for men, or, Principles necessary, to bee known and learned, of such as would know Christ here, or be known of him hereafter, and Digitus Dei. Or, Good newes from Holland Sent to the wor. Iohn Treffry and Iohn Trefusis. Esquires: as allso to all that haue shot arrows agayst Babels brats, and wish well to Sion wheresouer..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

lord, god, peters, england, christ, parliament, tcp, mr., man, hugh, army, world, spirit, soul, sir, sea, roman, new, miller, majesty, majesties, love, kingdome, house, gospel, good, gentlemen, generall, english, enemies, covenant, countrey, common, churches, church, castle, work, word, wee, towne, tower, thomason, text, testament, state, speaker, society, scriptures, scripture, sciences

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be church, and A most pithy exhortation delivered in an eloquent oration to the watry generation aboard their admirall at Graves-End, by the Right Reverend, Mr. Hugh Peters, doctor of the chair for the famous university of Whitehall, and Chaplain in Ordinary to the high and mighty K. Oliver, the first of that name as it was took, verbatim, in short hand (when he delivered it) / by Mercurius Pragmaticus. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

men, man, time, things, people, text, others, day, members, work, way, church, power, words, thing, nothing, place, life, times, churches, hath, part, love, none, world, hand, end, children, heart, reason, soul, name, self, hee, word, selves, truth, rest, works, faith, one, books, house, death, images, scripture, places, sin, order, company

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, have, are, was, were, had, being, do, been, make, bee, say, made, let, know, come, did, said, take, see, give, according, came, am, taken, brought, done, sent, found, having, set, put, hath, concerning, called, live, given, doe, bring, tell, read, leave, think, keep, love, hold, desire, hope, look

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, church, lord, covenant, christ, peters, mr., c., england, hath, bee, wee, 〉, doe, sir, hugh, 〈, churches, thou, ◊, ●, parliament, english, tcp, army, king, lords, london, gods, yea, cor, new, gospel, word, text, jesus, heaven, world, spirit, hee, faith, master, ministers, state, towne, kingdome, act, ye, sea, law

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, i, his, they, you, their, them, he, we, our, my, him, your, us, me, themselves, her, thy, himself, thee, she, its, ours, theirs, one, yours, mine, ye, ''s, whereof, understād, ourselves, hic, herself, ay, ''em, yow, yee, y''had, thou, scap''t, l, itself, hee, excluderetur, cōplottiug

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

many, such, other, good, great, much, same, more, true, own, first, little, whole, common, poor, last, particular, early, most, former, best, english, present, old, able, better, full, free, fit, new, visible, late, few, small, second, open, least, private, non, long, textual, very, roman, like, next, short, holy, saith, ready, -

not, so, then, now, also, therefore, up, never, more, well, yet, as, first, out, onely, together, here, there, very, much, even, in, ever, thus, most, secondly, thereof, only, before, else, away, too, again, still, off, forth, rather, long, therein, otherwise, all, thirdly, down, once, especially, indeed, often, over, enough, sometimes

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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