bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
immune response	1019
type i	767
immune responses	749
innate immune	708
respiratory syndrome	682
acute respiratory	650
dendritic cells	599
nk cells	570
virus infection	567
influenza virus	563
epithelial cells	502
viral infections	489
severe acute	473
immune system	465
viral infection	428
immune cells	398
cell responses	385
inflammatory cytokines	336
syndrome coronavirus	334
severe covid	300
i interferon	296
innate immunity	294
respiratory syncytial	277
class i	274
syncytial virus	272
i ifn	264
gene expression	262
like receptor	260
inflammatory response	257
natural killer	254
peripheral blood	250
specific cd	246
novel coronavirus	244
viral replication	235
cytokine storm	234
infected cells	228
respiratory tract	227
mhc class	223
nk cell	223
coronavirus disease	221
cd cd	220
clinical trials	218
adaptive immune	215
lung injury	213
front immunol	202
multiple sclerosis	198
neutralizing antibodies	195
nlrp inflammasome	188
mouse model	186
viral rna	185
high levels	183
cell epitopes	182
pulmonary disease	180
signaling pathway	176
th cells	176
cell activation	172
alveolar macrophages	172
chronic obstructive	170
like receptors	170
cord uid	167
doc id	167
immunol doi	167
cytokine production	165
obstructive pulmonary	164
middle east	163
east respiratory	162
cell response	157
cell types	157
airway epithelial	156
supplementary material	153
inflammatory responses	150
signaling pathways	148
antibody responses	148
respiratory distress	148
dendritic cell	144
cell death	144
important role	143
animal models	143
spike protein	142
disease severity	142
amino acid	142
infectious diseases	140
endothelial cells	140
distress syndrome	139
bone marrow	139
monocytes macrophages	134
trained immunity	133
zika virus	132
type diabetes	131
memory cd	130
necrosis factor	129
influenza infection	129
cell subsets	129
virus replication	128
viral load	127
sars coronavirus	127
intravenous immunoglobulin	124
autoimmune diseases	123
myeloid cells	123
neutralizing antibody	122
infected mice	121
vaccine development	121
host cell	120
adaptive immunity	120
may also	119
cell surface	119
monoclonal antibody	119
inflammasome activation	119
tumor necrosis	119
mait cells	117
monoclonal antibodies	117
rna viruses	117
host cells	116
cell lines	115
dipeptidyl peptidase	115
antiviral response	114
inflammatory cytokine	114
host immune	113
killer cells	113
coronavirus infection	112
iav infection	112
viral clearance	112
immune cell	112
rsv infection	111
rheumatoid arthritis	111
oxidative stress	111
dengue virus	111
proinflammatory cytokines	110
expression levels	109
class ii	109
stranded rna	109
systematic review	109
clinical trial	108
transcription factor	106
nervous system	106
cell receptor	105
united states	104
ex vivo	104
antiviral activity	104
cov infection	102
herpes simplex	101
neutrophil extracellular	99
influenza viruses	99
airway epithelium	98
copd patients	97
potential conflict	97
financial relationships	97
human cd	97
ifn production	95
control group	95
viral proteins	95
stem cells	94
significantly higher	94
infected patients	94
acute lung	94
viral entry	93
virus infections	93
previously described	92
central nervous	91
antibody response	91
protein kinase	91
tissue damage	91
diabetes mellitus	91
simplex virus	90
severe cases	90
cytokine release	90
transcription factors	90
complement activation	90
target cells	89
flow cytometry	89
authors declare	89
critical role	88
presenting cells	88
ng ml	88
nitric oxide	87
risk factors	87
mait cell	87
increased levels	87
haemophilus influenzae	86
recent study	86
specific antibodies	86
disease progression	86
deficient mice	86
ifn signaling	85
immunodeficiency virus	85
plasma membrane	85
lymph nodes	85
killer cell	84
cell line	84
rna polymerase	84
growth factor	84
recognition receptors	84
host defense	84
healthy controls	84
performed using	84
lower respiratory	84
converting enzyme	83
ns protein	83
cell proliferation	83
extracellular traps	83
amino acids	83
phase i	82
type iii	82
plasmacytoid dendritic	82
highly pathogenic	82
epithelial cell	81
respiratory virus	81
respiratory viral	81
accepted academic	80
mononuclear cells	80
cells via	80
academic practice	80
cell epitope	80
ad vectors	79
immunology www	79
higher levels	79
another study	78
molecular mechanisms	78
mouse models	78
cigarette smoke	78
severe disease	78
antiviral responses	78
lung tissue	77
ms patients	77
original publication	77
original author	76
side effects	76
macrophage activation	76
previous studies	76
healthy individuals	76
inhibitory receptors	76
time points	76
lung inflammation	76
fatty acids	76
effector functions	76
structural proteins	76
commons attribution	75
cohort study	75
bacterial infections	75
regulatory factor	75
copyright owner	75
clinical characteristics	75
lung disease	75
stimulating factor	75
data suggest	75
dependent manner	75
binding domain	75
antigen presentation	75
cell function	75
pattern recognition	75
creative commons	75
porcine reproductive	74
attribution license	74
article distributed	74
human coronavirus	74
west nile	73
based vaccines	73
ifn response	73
bronchial epithelial	73
type ii	73
cell populations	73
critically ill	73
endoplasmic reticulum	73
taken together	73
effector cells	72
cell differentiation	72
i interferons	72
access article	71
th responses	71
stem cell	71
respiratory infections	70
blood mononuclear	70
i molecules	70
significantly reduced	70
patients infected	70
antiviral immunity	70
live attenuated	69
kawasaki disease	69
cell therapy	69
diabetic patients	69
significantly increased	69
pref alum	69
syndrome virus	69
human immunodeficiency	68
inflammatory diseases	68
increased risk	68
cell population	68
also found	68
lncbst bispr	68
major histocompatibility	67
hla class	67
airway inflammation	67
adverse events	67
cardiovascular disease	67
recent studies	66
cells may	66
hiv infection	65
tnf blockade	65
nile virus	65
rna virus	65
lymphoid cells	65
several studies	65
immune signaling	64
cell exhaustion	64
spinal cord	64
porcine epidemic	64
immune activation	64
interferon signaling	64
lung diseases	64
innate lymphoid	64
histocompatibility complex	63
public health	63
sex hormones	63
respiratory viruses	63
retinoic acid	63
avian influenza	62
increased expression	62
virus type	62
sars patients	62
protective immunity	62
murine model	62
young children	62
i ifns	62
bronchoalveolar lavage	62
acute phase	62
results showed	62
ill patients	62
mental health	62
clinical features	61
cell frequencies	61
cellular immune	61
mrna expression	61
key role	61
ttp ko	61
differentially expressed	61
bd biosciences	60
viral titers	60
significant differences	60
epithelial barrier	60
also known	60
interferon regulatory	60
ivig therapy	60
staphylococcus aureus	60
molecular patterns	60
challenged ttp	59
gut microbiota	59
inflammatory mediators	59
mice infected	59
specific antibody	59
nucleic acid	59
cell type	59
vaccine candidates	59
cell culture	59
respiratory failure	59
cov infections	58
clinical studies	58
igg antibodies	58
mesenchymal stem	58
pregnant women	58
peptidase iv	58
infected individuals	57
fatty acid	57
epidemic diarrhea	57
host factors	57
sex differences	57
streptococcus pneumoniae	57
protective role	56
pref advax	56
chronic inflammatory	56
i signaling	56
lupus erythematosus	56
antiviral signaling	55
receptor binding	55
systemic lupus	55
cell immunity	55
receptor signaling	55
i activation	55
respiratory disease	55
th th	55
hospitalized patients	55
weight loss	55
cd cells	54
secondary bacterial	54
lung cancer	54
humoral immunity	54
virus ns	54
mg ml	54
antiviral immune	53
pulmonary fibrosis	53
mortality rate	53
antibody production	53
antibody titers	53
human lung	53
cell entry	53
signal transduction	53
days post	52
producing cd	52
tumor cells	52
associated molecular	52
complement system	52
interferon production	52
tlr signaling	52
ubiquitin ligase	52
human airway	52
specific igg	52
sting pathway	52
significantly decreased	52
activated protein	52
convalescent plasma	52
bacterial infection	51
cytokine expression	51
lung damage	51
treated mice	51
highly expressed	51
barr virus	51
release syndrome	51
low levels	51
may contribute	51
diarrhea virus	50
innate antiviral	50
inducible gene	50
influenza vaccine	50
serum levels	50
autoimmune encephalomyelitis	50
potential role	50
intensive care	50
infectious disease	50
lymph node	50
cancer patients	50
binding protein	50
humoral immune	50
cells expressing	50
controlled trial	50
yellow fever	50
adipose tissue	50
ko mice	50
significantly lower	50
mumps virus	49
expressed genes	49
structural basis	49
derived macrophages	49
closely related	49
mediated antiviral	49
progenitor cells	49
also observed	49
extracellular vesicles	49
interferon response	49
experimental autoimmune	49
dose ivig	49
lung epithelial	49
autoimmune disease	48
cells infected	48
receptor expression	48
cancer cells	48
elevated levels	48
viral genome	48
septic shock	48
nuclear export	48
th cell	47
cells express	47
herd immunity	47
antigen receptor	47
insulin resistance	47
following infection	47
stimulated genes	47
human monoclonal	47
statistically significant	47
th response	47
viral protein	46
world health	46
body weight	46
sars cov	46
myeloid cell	46
iav infections	46
knockout mice	46
wide range	46
virus vaccine	46
membrane fusion	46
reactive protein	46
immune function	46
significant increase	46
immunized mice	46
human cells	46
nuclear factor	46
present study	46
vaccine design	46
mediated immunity	45
coronavirus infections	45
chimeric antigen	45
chronic inflammation	45
nucleic acids	45
gene therapy	45
antiviral innate	45
room temperature	45
binding affinity	45
authors contributed	45
myocardial infarction	45
antigen presenting	45
patients compared	45
mucosal immune	45
cutting edge	45
acute viral	44
upper respiratory	44
cell cycle	44
may play	44
lung pathology	44
rabies virus	44
breast cancer	44
protein expression	44
animal model	44
ebola virus	44
reactive oxygen	44
signaling cascade	44
pandemic influenza	43
one study	43
also demonstrated	43
goat anti	43
escherichia coli	43
chikungunya virus	43
supplementary table	43
human respiratory	43
siv infection	43
tumor growth	43
alveolar epithelial	43
stat signaling	43
expressing cells	43
cell membrane	43
terminal domain	43
cord blood	43
cell repertoire	43
even though	42
cancer immunotherapy	42
lung function	42
health organization	42
helper cells	42
lower levels	42
adaptor protein	42
coronavirus spike	42
effector memory	42
study showed	42
bacterial pneumonia	42
vaccine candidate	42
case report	42
air pollution	42
inactivated vaccine	42
wound healing	42
japanese encephalitis	42
malaria patients	42
cell counts	42
cell infiltration	42
specific memory	42
like protease	42
vaccinia virus	42
mycobacterium tuberculosis	42
i responses	42
human cytomegalovirus	42
chronic viral	42
cd foxp	41
spike glycoprotein	41
mumps vaccine	41
cytosolic dna	41
informed consent	41
nontypeable haemophilus	41
severe influenza	41
described previously	41
human dendritic	41
net formation	41
induced lung	41
risk factor	41
available online	41
future studies	41
rhesus macaques	41
adoptive transfer	41
control mice	41
determine whether	41
human monocytes	41
clinical symptoms	41
binding site	41
dependent enhancement	41
tlr agonists	41
blood cells	41
rlr signaling	40
heavy chain	40
oxygen species	40
tumor microenvironment	40
vesicular stomatitis	40
transgenic mice	40
lopinavir ritonavir	40
negative control	40
macrophage colony	40
human blood	40
viral loads	40
mucus production	40
cd tregs	40
crucial role	40
neuropathic pain	40
first trimester	40
downstream signaling	40
encephalitis virus	39
respiratory infection	39
high level	39
mediated signaling	39
stomatitis virus	39
cell subset	39
two groups	39
intestinal epithelial	39
lymphocyte subsets	39
analyzed using	39
structural protein	39
essential role	39
regulatory cells	39
antitumor activity	39
lymphoid tissue	39
long noncoding	39
strand rna	39
macrophage polarization	39
immune evasion	38
influenza vaccination	38
tissue repair	38
iii ifns	38
healthy donors	38
new coronavirus	38
chronic infection	38
human peripheral	38
results suggest	38
fatality rate	38
lag cd	38
mass spectrometry	38
cytotoxic activity	38
th cytokines	38
host response	38
antimicrobial peptides	38
phase ii	37
vertical transmission	37
interferon responses	37
nuclear translocation	37
tr cells	37
patients treated	37
older adults	37
i production	37
may provide	37
human immune	37
increased susceptibility	37
cell numbers	37
human placenta	37
chemokine receptor	37
cytokine levels	37
submitted version	37
new insights	37
mortality rates	37
huh cells	37
found online	37
central role	37
lavage fluid	37
th cytokine	36
severe sepsis	36
western blot	36
increased il	36
lactic acid	36
activation syndrome	36
mice immunized	36
rna helicase	36
human il	36
protease inhibitor	36
statistical analysis	36
multiple organ	36
female mice	36
human macrophages	36
blood samples	36
murine models	36
itr cells	36
icu patients	36
different types	36
fetal interface	36
mitochondrial antiviral	36
therapeutic strategies	36
cells using	35
full supplementary	35
type lectin	35
virus strain	35
cells following	35
light chain	35
hematopoietic stem	35
expression level	35
fever virus	35
host innate	35
may lead	35
restriction elements	35
zinc deficiency	35
cell memory	35
tissue injury	35
clinical outcomes	35
systemic inflammation	35
protective effects	35
dna vaccines	35
pulmonary inflammation	35
immune thrombocytopenia	35
cc protein	35
linked polyubiquitination	35
primary human	35
induced ifn	35
muc ac	35
org articles	35
ethics committee	35
serine protease	35
may result	35
dna vaccine	35
high affinity	34
inflammatory cells	34
ifv infection	34
viral pathogens	34
crude extract	34
cell activity	34
proinflammatory cytokine	34
social isolation	34
randomized controlled	34
human monocyte	34
potential therapeutic	34
recipient mice	34
protective effect	34
alpha beta	34
igg antibody	34
allergic asthma	34
severe patients	34
different cell	34
inflammatory monocytes	34
inhibitory factor	34
mast cells	34
gut microbiome	34
large number	33
study demonstrated	33
mice treated	33
noncoding rna	33
negative regulation	33
three times	33
disease course	33
negative bacteria	33
mediated immune	33
subunit vaccines	33
gcn pii	33
pg ml	33
tract infections	33
tyrosine kinase	33
disease virus	33
molecular weight	33
recent advances	33
thermo fisher	33
transgene expression	33
genital tract	33
major role	33
fusion protein	33
first line	33
coding rnas	33
alexa fluor	33
epitope discovery	33
highly conserved	33
remains unclear	33
antitumor immunity	33
pulmonary pathology	33
palmitoylated proteins	33
primary cells	33
previously reported	33
transforming growth	33
results show	33
mer peptides	33
host proteins	33
vitro studies	32
attenuated rabv	32
barrier function	32
therapeutic target	32
early stage	32
cell apoptosis	32
long non	32
prostate cancer	32
cells within	32
high risk	32
survival rate	32
induced il	32
clinical signs	32
antibody levels	32
activated cd	32
steady state	32
coding genes	32
acute infection	32
significant difference	32
western blotting	32
seasonal influenza	32
smooth muscle	32
stat pathway	32
mmr vaccine	32
lps challenge	32
clinical course	32
cx cr	32
pivotal role	32
iga antibodies	32
cd ro	32
protein levels	32
iii ifn	32
bl mice	31
live vaccines	31
also showed	31
adverse effects	31
extracellular matrix	31
virus disease	31
inactivated vaccines	31
saudi arabia	31
expressing il	31
complex class	31
differential expression	31
virus challenge	31
antigen processing	31
viral evasion	31
coronavirus pneumonia	31
cell migration	31
following rsv	31
helper cell	31
healthy volunteers	31
marine mammals	31
therapeutic potential	31
phagocytic activity	31
associated protein	31
mechanical ventilation	31
alternative pathway	31
macrophage migration	31
cytotoxic cd	31
two different	31
microbial pathogens	31
functional exhaustion	31
cytokine il	30
cells also	30
vaccine efficacy	30
macrophage responses	30
cell effector	30
phase trial	30
cell depletion	30
signaling protein	30
time pcr	30
cells treated	30
whole blood	30
dnk cells	30
migration inhibitory	30
encoding il	30
associated coronavirus	30
volume article	30
data indicate	30
cytokine responses	30
immune dysregulation	30
viral antigens	30
mild cases	30
dna viruses	30
increased mortality	30
tlr agonist	30
th immune	30
statistical significance	30
better understanding	30
recent years	30
kidney injury	30
well plates	30
also contribute	30
healthy adults	30
cell receptors	30
respiratory epithelial	29
human coronaviruses	29
cells compared	29
measles virus	29
pathogenic avian	29
lymphoid tissues	29
like particles	29
rna pol	29
based vaccine	29
important roles	29
studies suggest	29
dna methylation	29
broad spectrum	29
day post	29
studies using	29
gene i	29
icf syndrome	29
mechanisms underlying	29
early phase	29
effector function	29
open reading	29
click chemistry	29
interferon induction	29
hpa axis	29
pathogenic role	29
cell clones	29
brain barrier	29
lymphoid organs	29
viral control	29
antiviral effects	29
inflammatory conditions	29
high dose	29
plasma levels	29
rna binding	29
care unit	29
vaccine strain	29
phase clinical	29
cell development	29
crystal structure	29
genes involved	29
dm patients	29
time point	29
card domains	29
human igg	29
cutaneous leishmaniasis	29
vaccination strategies	29
mammalian cells	28
environmental factors	28
adult mice	28
results indicate	28
severe respiratory	28
secondary antibodies	28
antimicrobial peptide	28
tnf production	28
antiviral drugs	28
cell rna	28
infection may	28
protein palmitoylation	28
oxide synthase	28
palmitic acid	28
inflammatory bowel	28
interferon gamma	28
like cells	28
total rna	28
cytokines il	28
membrane protein	28
dependent rna	28
respiratory diseases	28
ace receptor	28
immunoglobulin therapy	28
cytokine secretion	28
immune repertoire	28
leishmania major	28
serum samples	28
lysis buffer	28
fisher scientific	28
ifn induction	28
dc subsets	28
broadly neutralizing	28
dna damage	28
bacterial clearance	28
virus entry	28
high expression	28
previous study	28
viral titer	28
endothelial cell	28
suppressor cells	28
lung microbiome	28
tnf receptor	28
severe pneumonia	28
associated lymphoid	28
gender differences	28
producing cells	28
ttp myeko	28
blood monocytes	28
viral vectors	27
analysis showed	27
following viral	27
bacterial vaginosis	27
written informed	27
immune complexes	27
copy number	27
prospective study	27
whole virus	27
alveolar macrophage	27
culture supernatants	27
chronic hepatitis	27
cd expression	27
cellular immunity	27
coated beads	27
viral vector	27
early stages	27
sendai virus	27
human primates	27
human bronchial	27
bovine serum	27
linked ubiquitination	27
coronary artery	27
challenged wt	27
case fatality	27
chikv infection	27
neonatal mice	27
bcg vaccination	27
mice lacking	27
subunit vaccine	27
many viruses	27
mild covid	27
also involved	27
enveloped viruses	27
irf activation	27
single cell	27
iav replication	27
restricted cd	27
intratumoral injection	27
goblet cell	27
widely used	26
underlying mechanisms	26
expression profiles	26
related apoptosis	26
possible role	26
muscle cells	26
fluorescent beads	26
inducing ligand	26
treg cells	26
plasma cells	26
among others	26
white matter	26
produce il	26
binding proteins	26
reading frame	26
beneficial effects	26
recombinant adenovirus	26
phase iii	26
foxp cd	26
hepatitis virus	26
lipid metabolism	26
nucleocapsid protein	26
analysis revealed	26
high mortality	26
viral shedding	26
factor alpha	26
inflammatory markers	26
jev infection	26
produce ifn	26
viral diseases	26
melanoma differentiation	26
immunological toolbox	26
activation markers	26
significantly different	26
bat species	26
cells play	26
disease control	26
binding sites	26
inflammatory disease	26
draining lymph	26
negative regulator	26
viral particles	26
positive control	25
neutrophil activation	25
also induced	25
family members	25
red blood	25
therapeutic targets	25
protease inhibitors	25
th immunity	25
clinical manifestations	25
oral administration	25
significant reduction	25
cd dim	25
organ dysfunction	25
wt rabv	25
serum il	25
viral envelope	25
cd bright	25
infection induces	25
liver disease	25
acute kidney	25
dose intravenous	25
immune defense	25
therapeutic approach	25
spike proteins	25
alu elements	25
pseudomonas aeruginosa	25
increased production	25
flow cytometric	25
complete regression	25
platelet activation	25
wt mice	25
metabolic pathways	25
immune homeostasis	25
way anova	25
cell functions	25
passive immunization	25
male mice	25
tlr activation	25
cytomegalovirus infection	25
signal peptide	25
chadox ncov	25
enrichment analysis	25
lung infection	25
including il	25
organ failure	25
bowel disease	25
ifn responses	25
duck primary	25
adenoviral vector	25
hcv patients	25
beta interferon	25
hong kong	25
follicular helper	25
findings suggest	25
antiviral defense	25
stromal cell	25
study found	25
inflammatory effects	25
tumor regression	25
data analysis	24
zikv infection	24
cystic fibrosis	24
reverse transcription	24
regulatory cd	24
recombinant protein	24
adenovirus vector	24
gastrointestinal tract	24
viral pathogenesis	24
disease pathogenesis	24
human rhinovirus	24
localized il	24
human natural	24
clinical data	24
adhesion molecule	24
jak stat	24
resident macrophages	24
solid tumors	24
higher risk	24
studies demonstrated	24
will discuss	24
cells induced	24
idiopathic pulmonary	24
immunomodulatory effects	24
factors associated	24
like protein	24
may explain	24
hcv infection	24
throughput sequencing	24
infected pneumonia	24
cleavage site	24
graphpad prism	24
type immune	24
severe sars	24
chronic lung	24
san diego	24
skeletal muscle	24
cerebrospinal fluid	24
orally administered	24
recent report	24
barr body	24
also shown	24
microglial cells	24
mice compared	24
stimulated gene	24
still unclear	24
stromal cells	24
mg kg	24
inflammatory monocyte	24
immune regulation	24
increased survival	24
negatively regulates	24
membrane proteins	24
host protein	24
viral respiratory	24
extract containing	24
plasmodium falciparum	24
poor prognosis	24
surface expression	24
vaccine failure	24
systemic inflammatory	23
factor receptor	23
lung cells	23
tlr expression	23
myeloid dendritic	23
current study	23
influenza vaccines	23
immune mechanisms	23
angiotensin system	23
cd effector	23
cd regulatory	23
sensor rig	23
chronically infected	23
virus neutralization	23
memory cells	23
cellular antiviral	23
mrna vaccines	23
patients showed	23
viral mrna	23
copd exacerbations	23
target genes	23
lung viral	23
mhc molecules	23
large amounts	23
tgev infection	23
protein interactions	23
peptide epitopes	23
better understand	23
protects mice	23
reduced viral	23
induced apoptosis	23
human health	23
severe lung	23
inflammatory signaling	23
following i	23
invading pathogens	23
virus induces	23
protein inhibits	23
circulating monocytes	23
foxp regulatory	23
single dose	23
urgent need	23
total number	23
listeria monocytogenes	23
toxoplasma gondii	23
wild type	23
cxcl cxcr	23
activated macrophages	23
combination treatment	23
randomized clinical	23
receptor cd	23
vital role	23
hcmv infection	23
early life	23
lung macrophages	23
rna viral	23
viral dna	23
deleterious effects	23
protective immune	23
cell subpopulations	23
disease caused	23
might contribute	23
human leukocyte	23
ifn pathway	23
low level	23
mice brain	23
similar results	22
interferon alpha	22
reduced expression	22
cytokine signaling	22
ifnar signaling	22
cellular processes	22
mitochondrial dysfunction	22
rna recognition	22
nuclear import	22
matrix protein	22
also lead	22
inflammatory lung	22
global health	22
cell cytotoxicity	22
following immunization	22
least one	22
one hand	22
mumps outbreaks	22
cell signaling	22
coding rna	22
intracellular cytokine	22
barrier integrity	22
two patients	22
polymerase iii	22
cell expansion	22
type mice	22
prolyl endopeptidase	22
effective treatment	22
following respiratory	22
mouse igg	22
transmembrane domain	22
ad vector	22
increasing evidence	22
also reported	22
cell adhesion	22
positively correlated	22
via activation	22
total cd	22
rabbit anti	22
igg concentrates	22
studies involving	22
cell immune	22
intracellular pathogens	22
causative agent	22
nthi infection	22
pilot study	22
studies will	22
thermo scientific	22
cytokine profiles	22
small molecule	22
also associated	22
interstitial lung	22
ubiquitin ligases	22
blood vessels	22
ace expression	22
protein synthesis	22
viral immunity	22
rhinovirus infection	22
androgen receptor	22
virus protein	22
hepatocellular carcinoma	22
generation sequencing	22
retrospective cohort	22
blood group	22
molecular mechanism	22
induced inflammation	22
first time	22
recovered patients	22
mediated inflammatory	22
mumps infection	22
cd stimulation	22
donor yf	22
cells human	22
lower airway	21
expressing cd	21
recombinant il	21
related genes	21
several viral	21
mm nacl	21
trimeric coe	21
pathogen interactions	21
fgl expression	21
induced gene	21
immune checkpoint	21
blood cell	21
campylobacter jejuni	21
igm antibodies	21
recombinant human	21
candidate vaccines	21
positive feedback	21
sequencing data	21
protein structure	21
novel human	21
asthma exacerbations	21
may represent	21
study design	21
cell interactions	21
many studies	21
lung parenchyma	21
angiotensin converting	21
derived factor	21
mediated protection	21
cell wall	21
young adults	21
kidney disease	21
mouse cd	21
disease patients	21
parainfluenza virus	21
following influenza	21
pathogen recognition	21
small intestine	21
adhesion molecules	21
host macrophages	21
kir ds	21
semliki forest	21
antibodies targeting	21
pathogenic human	21
janus kinase	21
life cycle	21
signaling via	21
lymphocyte ratio	21
card domain	21
express il	21
microbial communities	21
emerging infectious	21
target cell	21
three different	21
tract infection	21
immune dysfunction	21
family member	21
infection model	21
expression patterns	21
negatively regulate	21
genomic rna	21
cell biology	21
mediated activation	21
cell stimulatory	21
severely ill	21
mucosal immunity	21
human metapneumovirus	21
atpase activity	21
experimental models	21
proteasomal degradation	21
prolyl oligopeptidase	21
reverse immunology	21
transmissible gastroenteritis	21
viral antigen	21
ms lesions	21
positive cells	21
effective vaccine	21
infectious tolerance	20
nkt cells	20
mediterranean fever	20
high frequency	20
vaccinated mice	20
infected animals	20
defense mechanisms	20
retrospective study	20
loaded microspheres	20
nonstructural proteins	20
cov replication	20
virus particles	20
human placental	20
virus hemagglutinin	20
commensal bacteria	20
allergic inflammation	20
protein interaction	20
study reported	20
familial mediterranean	20
vaccine vectors	20
evidence suggests	20
acute infections	20
plasmid dna	20
sting signaling	20
mavs signaling	20
cell survival	20
immune functions	20
pd lag	20
iii interferons	20
expression analysis	20
cd treg	20
also plays	20
alveolar damage	20
zinc levels	20
enhanced disease	20
accessory proteins	20
patients receiving	20
macrophage cell	20
metabolic disorders	20
rna sensor	20
plga nanoparticles	20
cell maturation	20
receptor antagonist	20
preclinical studies	20
mhc i	20
controlled trials	20
containing protein	20
control study	20
iii interferon	20
human influenza	20
pedv infection	20
extracellular trap	20
ifn expression	20
human disease	20
mediated neutralization	20
associated pneumonia	20
mumps outbreak	20
cells produce	20
derived dendritic	20
human population	20
adenovirus type	20
new therapeutic	20
significant changes	20
ii clinical	20
recently shown	20
human cord	20
units ml	20
among patients	20
specific iga	20
antiviral state	20
observational study	20
associated genes	20
higher expression	20
genes associated	20
expression pattern	20
i pathway	20
cxcr signaling	20
viral pneumonia	20
cd monocytes	20
infected ferrets	20
time course	20
signal transducer	20
i card	20
therapeutic approaches	20
leukocyte antigen	20
mm tris	20
cell carcinoma	20
derived suppressor	20
humoral response	20
influenza pandemic	20
core protein	20
studies indicate	20
refined models	19
complement factor	19
rna synthesis	19
immune tolerance	19
mice following	19
pathological findings	19
host immunity	19
suppressive activity	19
corona virus	19
fat diet	19
molecule inhibitors	19
veterinary immunology	19
years ago	19
metabolic syndrome	19
reagent development	19
viral rnas	19
i ubiquitination	19
also play	19
white blood	19
multiple studies	19
commercially available	19
well plate	19
chronic diseases	19
expression profile	19
pregsure bvd	19
much lower	19
age groups	19
growth factors	19
adenovirus serotype	19
th differentiation	19
gamma interferon	19
animal care	19
study also	19
macrophage function	19
humoral responses	19
buffered saline	19
mouse lung	19
amp synthase	19
antibody repertoire	19
studies showed	19
light chains	19
acute exacerbations	19
comparative analysis	19
type responses	19
among different	19
dna sensing	19
induced pulmonary	19
acute exacerbation	19
current knowledge	19
interferon genes	19
thrombocytopenic purpura	19
responses following	19
complement pathway	19
inflammatory state	19
tumor immunity	19
trend toward	19
colony stimulating	19
clinical benefit	19
within days	19
specific immune	19
prophylactic activity	19
positive correlation	19
article supplementary	19
secretory iga	19
house dust	19
also able	19
liver damage	19
vascular permeability	19
cancer therapy	19
wide variety	19
cells promote	19
marburg virus	19
host responses	19
via tlr	19
different hla	19
molecular basis	19
positive selection	19
viral challenge	19
data show	19
conformational change	19
cd ra	19
secondary antibody	19
antibiotic resistance	19
chemokine receptors	19
cytokines including	19
human genome	19
microbial infections	19
inhibits type	19
hb cells	19
ns proteins	19
promoter activity	19
infected macaques	19
patients suffering	19
virus pathogenesis	19
lung tissues	19
inflammatory reactions	19
fungal infections	19
vaccine constructs	19
ovarian cancer	19
also detected	19
associated invariant	19
checkpoint inhibitors	19
inflammatory process	19
cyclic gmp	19
negative feedback	19
helicase domain	19
mrna levels	19
also present	19
transmembrane proteins	19
human ace	19
binding lectin	19
dust mite	19
asthma patients	19
chikv infected	19
statistical analyses	18
neutrophil infiltration	18
beneficial effect	18
ctl epitopes	18
ii molecules	18
pathway activation	18
tumor antigen	18
neonatal pancytopenia	18
suppressive function	18
manufacturing process	18
cell sorting	18
comprehensive review	18
alum immunization	18
diabetic mice	18
clinical disease	18
allergic airway	18
immune recognition	18
bacterial superinfection	18
antibiotic treatment	18
genes related	18
cell stimulation	18
increased viral	18
jhmv infection	18
many different	18
type cytokines	18
heart failure	18
infection via	18
human alveolar	18
inducible factor	18
cell cultures	18
clinical efficacy	18
acid sequence	18
two distinct	18
respiratory pathogens	18
another important	18
pulmonary hypertension	18
antimicrobial activity	18
stromal lymphopoietin	18
reactive cd	18
protective efficacy	18
vector expressing	18
chemokine ligand	18
associated gene	18
cov spike	18
rna sensing	18
dna sensor	18
id cows	18
study using	18
may increase	18
protein ns	18
neutrophil recruitment	18
direct interaction	18
host rna	18
several clinical	18
brain injury	18
thrombus formation	18
langerhans cells	18
rsv challenge	18
primary antibodies	18
immune stimulation	18
reduced lung	18
conformational changes	18
fc receptor	18
control groups	18
intranasal administration	18
current status	18
viral disease	18
pref alone	18
rna sequencing	18
results indicated	18
immune systems	18
determined using	18
mediated inhibition	18
alloimmune thrombocytopenia	18
may promote	18
variable regions	18
primary infection	18
mast cell	18
tmp peptide	18
uninfected cells	18
limited number	18
particulate matter	18
bottlenose dolphins	18
pulmonary infections	18
dependent innate	18
electron microscopy	18
fold change	18
bovine neonatal	18
datasets generated	18
thrombotic events	18
male sex	18
common cold	18
cfhr deletion	18
healthy children	18
dependent cell	18
several factors	18
secondary lymphoid	18
bcg vaccine	18
peripheral mait	18
recently demonstrated	18
vrnp complex	18
mediated cytotoxicity	18
conjugated goat	18
serious adverse	18
patients may	18
high glucose	18
domain antibodies	18
noncoding rnas	18
virulent strain	18
specific immunity	18
dependent activation	18
response induced	18
general population	18
safety profile	18
bacterial colonization	18
peptide binding	18
effector cd	18
express high	18
stimulated cd	18
specific effector	18
thymic stromal	18
maturation pathways	18
naturally occurring	18
induced inflammatory	18
chlamydia trachomatis	18
gastroenteritis virus	18
human infection	17
immune status	17
related protein	17
extensively studied	17
positive regulator	17
therapeutic interventions	17
dna virus	17
genomic copy	17
may induce	17
expression vector	17
local immune	17
angiotensin ii	17
severe coronavirus	17
unclear whether	17
receptor complex	17
inflammatory cell	17
cell recruitment	17
genetically modified	17
therapeutic strategy	17
cell mediated	17
age group	17
net release	17
nerve injury	17
attenuated vaccines	17
i trial	17
vaccine platforms	17
virus vaccines	17
dependent mechanism	17
iga antibody	17
cytosolic rna	17
severe viral	17
alveolar type	17
two main	17
lung sections	17
recent data	17
higher mortality	17
uric acid	17
also increased	17
promising results	17
previously shown	17
national health	17
bacterial pathogens	17
asthma development	17
nadph oxidase	17
inflammatory processes	17
innate response	17
cell transplantation	17
specific cell	17
th effector	17
nonhuman primates	17
infected macrophages	17
interferon beta	17
treatment options	17
neutrophil adhesion	17
i clinical	17
chronic stress	17
fold higher	17
vaccinated group	17
ge healthcare	17
poorly understood	17
cardiovascular diseases	17
like il	17
also induces	17
mycoplasma infections	17
immunopathology following	17
randomized trial	17
mm edta	17
primary immunodeficiency	17
induced immune	17
coronavirus vaccine	17
disease activity	17
health care	17
dna sensors	17
measured using	17
therapeutic intervention	17
three groups	17
trail signaling	17
tlr ligands	17
obese patients	17
discovery rate	17
granulocyte macrophage	17
airway remodeling	17
beta production	17
tissue sections	17
cells control	17
induced ali	17
binding motif	17
immune sensing	17
pemphigus vulgaris	17
also important	17
functional receptor	17
signaling cascades	17
pbs controls	17
showed increased	17
viral immune	17
specific cytotoxic	17
without affecting	17
hyperferritinemic syndrome	17
proinflammatory mediators	17
er membrane	17
commonly used	17
peripheral cd	17
antibody titres	17
will provide	17
dpp inhibition	17
cell phenotype	17
vascular endothelial	17
later time	17
viral dsrna	17
inducible nitric	17
adenoviral vectors	17
helper type	17
advanced glycation	17
antibody titer	16
activation via	16
hydrogen bonds	16
inflammatory reaction	16
enzymatic activity	16
also identified	16
animal studies	16
natural infection	16
storm syndromes	16
virally infected	16
cytokine profile	16
finger protein	16
bystander cells	16
alternatively activated	16
lower airways	16
tcr repertoire	16
ion channel	16
pol iii	16
neonatal alloimmune	16
igg concentrate	16
upregulated genes	16
mice showed	16
cd mab	16
vaccine adjuvants	16
several viruses	16
raw cells	16
feedback loop	16
first case	16
mitochondrial dna	16
trophoblast cells	16
data collection	16
cell priming	16
decreased expression	16
mice group	16
mouse serum	16
mediated inflammation	16
i response	16
studies show	16
xcr dcs	16
clinical evidence	16
veterinary immunological	16
cells contribute	16
clinical outcome	16
forest virus	16
specific igm	16
treated group	16
late stage	16
resident memory	16
isg expression	16
hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis	16
density lipoprotein	16
herpes virus	16
neonatal immune	16
three patients	16
rna genome	16
target antigen	16
mouse anti	16
serine proteases	16
motif chemokine	16
play important	16
probably due	16
vast majority	16
clinical practice	16
dependent pathway	16
sting activation	16
cellular functions	16
encephalomyocarditis virus	16
i binding	16
culture supernatant	16
high viral	16
three independent	16
induce cd	16
polyunsaturated fatty	16
animal experiments	16
immune suppression	16
polymerase chain	16
will also	16
gene delivery	16
invariant chain	16
cell lysates	16
cells including	16
infections caused	16
likely due	16
human participants	16
immune memory	16
randomised controlled	16
inflammatory properties	16
human nk	16
relatively low	16
gs cells	16
nuclear localization	16
lethal influenza	16
immune genes	16
grade inflammation	16
respiratory illness	16
increased morbidity	16
animal study	16
surface antigens	16
detected using	16
virus clearance	16
excess mortality	16
infected astrocytes	16
might also	16
cytokine chemokine	16
cellular responses	16
per well	16
post infection	16
lung nk	16
low dose	16
case series	16
critical roles	16
chronic hcv	16
corresponding author	16
different time	16
dysregulated type	16
valproic acid	16
mice bearing	16
ha head	16
involving human	16
ctl responses	16
coronavirus vaccines	16
viral persistence	16
data showed	16
ii cells	16
viral membrane	16
use committee	16
cell dysfunction	16
preliminary report	16
ros production	16
potential target	16
viral hepatitis	16
receptor ace	16
two types	16
cellular stress	16
elderly patients	16
associated macrophages	16
cells cd	16
mucosal surfaces	16
several mechanisms	16
induced acute	16
receptor repertoire	16
type interferon	16
false discovery	16
consider cytokine	16
chimpanzee adenovirus	16
chain reaction	16
severe infection	16
highly vaccinated	16
patients hospitalized	16
severe vs	16
lung immunopathology	16
coronavirus nucleocapsid	16
various cytokines	16
inhibitory effects	16
fetal bovine	16
aged mice	16
following vaccination	16
live virus	16
production via	16
clinically proven	16
inflammatory factors	16
molecular cloning	15
clinical use	15
high titers	15
arginase activity	15
subcellular localization	15
viral components	15
phylogenetic analysis	15
dpv infection	15
inflammatory profile	15
activate rig	15
cells induce	15
intracellular signaling	15
fr nps	15
recently reported	15
ibalt areas	15
bal fluid	15
infectious agent	15
lymphocyte responses	15
mediated innate	15
nipah virus	15
major cause	15
takes place	15
antiviral agents	15
gene transfer	15
inflammatory molecules	15
cd memory	15
chronic hiv	15
affinity maturation	15
mediated type	15
transmembrane protein	15
produce high	15
genetic predisposition	15
i cards	15
different subsets	15
restriction element	15
functional role	15
graphpad software	15
infected human	15
express cd	15
studies also	15
producing il	15
hospital admission	15
chronic infections	15
well known	15
myeloid differentiation	15
health outcomes	15
immune sensor	15
cytoplasmic tail	15
horseradish peroxidase	15
corticosteroid treatment	15
intracellular dna	15
newcastle disease	15
high concentrations	15
cells transfected	15
sodium azide	15
delivery system	15
modified live	15
corpus callosum	15
virus strains	15
final vaccine	15
classical pathway	15
still unknown	15
tumor rechallenge	15
vaccinated individuals	15
bacterial species	15
attenuated influenza	15
recently identified	15
i activity	15
year follow	15
severe inflammatory	15
regulatory role	15
tlr ligand	15
demyelinating disease	15
cdr length	15
mouse hepatitis	15
rbd protein	15
rhesus macaque	15
airway hyperresponsiveness	15
lethal pneumonia	15
lymphocyte activation	15
clonal expansion	15
disease onset	15
mouse brain	15
cells producing	15
er stress	15
prrs virus	15
antitumor responses	15
receptor alpha	15
final volume	15
antiviral signal	15
female genital	15
obtained using	15
human immunoglobulin	15
barrier functions	15
symptom onset	15
metastatic melanoma	15
inhibitory effect	15
vaccine construct	15
chronic kidney	15
germinal center	15
neutrophil counts	15
tissue distribution	15
human subjects	15
dry cough	15
health status	15
potential use	15
effector responses	15
disseminated intravascular	15
neutrophilic inflammation	15
i study	15
mmr vaccination	15
related diseases	15
lung biopsies	15
different mechanisms	15
decreased levels	15
infection human	15
ill covid	15
increases susceptibility	15
naturally infected	15
kupffer cells	15
mice exhibited	15
glycation end	15
universal influenza	15
much higher	15
emerging viruses	15
rna interference	15
naive cd	15
past years	15
early pregnancy	15
specific manner	15
immunological potency	15
mass cytometry	15
cell lineages	15
induced demyelination	15
reduced levels	15
significantly elevated	15
clinical development	15
inflammatory activity	15
vascular leakage	15
common feature	15
will focus	15
hemorrhagic fever	15
replacement therapy	15
preliminary results	15
high doses	15
new york	15
receptor activation	15
repertoire analysis	15
spectrum antiviral	15
cd cytotoxic	15
polyubiquitin chains	15
complement receptor	15
storm syndrome	15
physical exercise	15
intracellular staining	15
nasal epithelial	15
lymphocyte counts	15
serum albumin	15
stress response	15
observational studies	15
chain fatty	15
viral spread	15
responses via	15
dysregulated immune	15
five types	15
major infection	15
cytotoxic lymphocytes	15
mortality associated	15
coding potential	15
fully understood	15
negatively correlated	15
observations suggest	15
alpha interferon	15
immunity via	14
induced cytokine	14
bbb permeability	14
envelope protein	14
heavy chains	14
body mass	14
viral nucleic	14
increasing number	14
host antiviral	14
patients undergoing	14
interferon receptor	14
positive bacteria	14
induced arthritis	14
mapk signaling	14
rainbow trout	14
receptor agonist	14
two major	14
plantarum group	14
polymerase ii	14
cells represent	14
immunological memory	14
provide new	14
inhibitory molecules	14
dppiv inhibitors	14
immunocytokine comprised	14
epitope prediction	14
specific th	14
adenosine deaminase	14
mediated ifn	14
clinical improvement	14
acute myocardial	14
cells isolated	14
macrophages may	14
induced complete	14
acid residues	14
healthcare workers	14
tumor cell	14
human interleukin	14
typeable haemophilus	14
broad range	14
cell lysis	14
large scale	14
adult patients	14
increased cd	14
incubation period	14
acute influenza	14
human antibody	14
immune protection	14
reactive antibodies	14
pol ii	14
standard care	14
coronavirus replication	14
inflammasome signaling	14
mediated lung	14
emerging role	14
antibody repertoires	14
health commission	14
adoptively transferred	14
sialic acid	14
will help	14
mers coronavirus	14
different species	14
avian leukosis	14
endothelial dysfunction	14
quality control	14
immunized groups	14
increased lung	14
remains unknown	14
live vaccine	14
signaling events	14
free dna	14
campylobacter infection	14
ibalt mice	14
rsv vaccine	14
peptide peptidase	14
whitney test	14
csf receptor	14
tobacco smoke	14
interstitial pneumonia	14
protein antigens	14
expressing interleukin	14
inactivated virus	14
rhesus monkeys	14
severe rsv	14
tlr stimulation	14
intravascular coagulation	14
phage display	14
nucleolus nexus	14
including tnf	14
influenza infections	14
virus assembly	14
macrophage phenotype	14
genes upregulated	14
like disease	14
human clinical	14
lower mortality	14
inhibit rig	14
next generation	14
antiphospholipid syndrome	14
type lectins	14
inkt cells	14
biological activity	14
cell count	14
hela cells	14
maternal antibodies	14
mouse monoclonal	14
local inflammation	14
oppa protein	14
current evidence	14
human umbilical	14
rgnnv infection	14
tumour necrosis	14
therapeutic effects	14
phase study	14
pathogenic coronaviruses	14
atherosclerotic plaques	14
last decade	14
prospective cohort	14
inhibitory receptor	14
inflammatory protein	14
immune defenses	14
bnp cows	14
cd alpha	14
stimulatory mer	14
signal sequence	14
endosomal tlrs	14
responses cause	14
possible explanation	14
novel therapeutic	14
fatty acylation	14
signaling molecules	14
pneumoniae infection	14
adcc activity	14
cd low	14
immunization groups	14
cell recognition	14
cytopathic effect	14
coe protein	14
like symptoms	14
drug delivery	14
mucociliary clearance	14
repressor domain	14
attenuated strain	14
central memory	14
cd dendritic	14
acylated proteins	14
treated patients	14
specific ctl	14
intravenous immunoglobulins	14
infectious agents	14
immune modulation	14
chain il	14
specific pathogen	14
induced cd	14
results demonstrated	14
spotted grouper	14
responses induced	14
conjugated secondary	14
different immune	14
infected cell	14
positive patients	14
induce ifn	14
also inhibit	14
antibodies may	14
independent manner	14
obese mice	14
bv cells	14
rat model	14
group innate	14
complement activity	14
bat origin	14
sex hormone	14
reproductive tract	14
balb cj	14
kd patients	14
cytokines like	14
intracellular bacteria	14
laboratory animals	14
epitope vaccine	14
independent pathways	14
fulminant hepatitis	14
immunological response	14
therapeutic efficacy	14
vaginal lactobacilli	14
relative abundance	14
proven protease	14
weeks old	14
responses may	14
dependent cellular	14
related coronavirus	14
will allow	14
iuis vic	14
descriptive study	14
factor kappa	14
mainly due	14
considered significant	14
long term	14
maternal immune	14
leukosis virus	14
flow cytometer	14
flox control	14
national institutes	14
tumor models	14
airway mucosa	14
response may	14
santa cruz	14
protein sequence	14
study identified	14
entry depends	14
clinical relevance	14
cytotoxicity assay	14
lectin receptors	14
danger signals	14
first report	14
blood igm	14
viral defenses	14
bacillus calmette	14
cd th	14
mediated rig	14
cell hyperplasia	14
bulk cd	14
viral activity	14
severe asthma	14
cell lung	14
peripheral immune	14
ulcerative colitis	14
cause lethal	14
visceral leishmaniasis	14
deficient cells	14
extracellular domain	14
secrete il	14
healthy subjects	14
basal levels	14
complement component	14
times post	14
immunoglobulin preparations	14
adaptor proteins	14
fatty liver	14
centromeric instability	13
functional properties	13
monocyte chemoattractant	13
stat phosphorylation	13
liver injury	13
within il	13
duck plague	13
pcr amplification	13
programmed cell	13
cellular infiltration	13
rna extraction	13
increased serum	13
scd levels	13
progenitor cell	13
soluble cd	13
significantly upregulated	13
particularly important	13
inversely correlated	13
neutrophil function	13
cells specific	13
immunology approach	13
independent mechanisms	13
induced activation	13
helicobacter pylori	13
earlier studies	13
protein complex	13
toolkit workshop	13
early childhood	13
induce apoptosis	13
disease outcome	13
ap activation	13
interferon expression	13
malaria infection	13
mice challenged	13
direct effects	13
ii trial	13
rhamnosus crl	13
results suggested	13
positive pd	13
publicly available	13
cell suspensions	13
provide novel	13
wound repair	13
risk populations	13
including sars	13
variable region	13
ii binding	13
hemolytic anemia	13
protein docking	13
derived il	13
respiratory epithelium	13
severe iav	13
authors showed	13
proteomic analysis	13
health concern	13
activated platelets	13
mice vaccinated	13
based therapies	13
dpp family	13
secreting cells	13
genes encoding	13
pb nk	13
treat covid	13
mediated mechanisms	13
pancreatic cancer	13
binding activity	13
receptor stimulation	13
experimentally infected	13
ciliated cells	13
coronavirus papain	13
hfri approach	13
chronic respiratory	13
rank test	13
human epithelial	13
global burden	13
placental barrier	13
complex formation	13
culture conditions	13
unfolded protein	13
mhc ii	13
may still	13
enhanced viral	13
severe infections	13
sense rna	13
potential mechanism	13
data demonstrate	13
sample size	13
treated cells	13
glial cells	13
commercial vaccine	13
tight junction	13
atp hydrolysis	13
influenza hemagglutinin	13
tightly regulated	13
protect mice	13
existing comorbidities	13
diffuse alveolar	13
organ damage	13
mouse sera	13
traumatic brain	13
pulmonary embolism	13
last years	13
inflammatory environment	13
papilloma virus	13
different pathogens	13
evasion mechanisms	13
induced trained	13
washed three	13
human studies	13
systemic administration	13