Distant Reader - journal-infectionControlAndHospitalEpidemiology-cord

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-30 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader cord process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of CORD, a data set of scholarly articles on the topic of COVID-19. The actual query was: facet_journal:"Infection control and hospital epidemiology". The results of this query were saved in a cache and transformed into a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 77 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 96,975 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 1,259 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 50. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

covid, patients, sars, cov, infection, hospital, coronavirus, control, health, healthcare, patient, respiratory, cases, transmission, positive, study, disease, testing, pandemic, may, days, period, use, care, risk, hcws, pcr, support, also, prevention, time, authors, negative, symptoms, cord, outbreak, test, asymptomatic, ppe, virus, using, among, hospitals, reported, china, report, workers, clinical, community, novel

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Current knowledge of COVID-19 and infection prevention and control strategies in healthcare settings: A global analysis, Respiratory surveillance wards as a strategy to reduce nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 through early detection: The experience of a tertiary-care hospital in Singapore, and How to keep patients and staff safe from accidental SARS-CoV-2 exposure in the emergency room: Lessons from South Korea’s explosive COVID-19 outbreak.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

infection control, financial support, coronavirus disease, novel coronavirus, healthcare workers, acute respiratory, hospital epidemiology, severe acute, cord uid, doc id, epidemiology doi, respiratory syndrome, infection prevention, authors report, public health, hand hygiene, interest relevant, protective equipment, world health, health organization, personal protective, social distancing, provided relevant, incubation period, united states, infectious diseases, syndrome coronavirus, chain reaction, control measures, chest ct, nosocomial transmission, polymerase chain, tested positive, healthcare settings, universal masking, intensive care, respiratory symptoms, antibiotic stewardship, disease control, surgical masks, health care, hospitalized patients, patient days, face masks, shutdown period, organization website, confirmed cases, difficile infection, control period, middle east

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Absence of nosocomial influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era: Implication of universal masking in hospitals Respiratory surveillance wards as a strategy to reduce nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 through early detection: The experience of a tertiary-care hospital in Singapore, and Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on nosocomial Clostridioides difficile infection.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

sars, covid-19, patient, icu, cdi, ppe, york, wuhan, united, twitter, tweet, thailand, temperature, social, rsw, risk, respirator, pcr, paa, n95, mohme, march, korea, kluger, iran, ipc, ipac, icm, hubei, hospital, hme, hemodialysis, hangzhou, hand, glove, germany, emd, detroit, cycle, cmia, china, ball, ari, april

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be covid, and Current knowledge of COVID-19 and infection prevention and control strategies in healthcare settings: A global analysis is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

patients, covid, sars - Respiratory surveillance wards as a strategy to reduce nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 through early detection: The experience of a tertiary-care hospital in Singapore
covid, coronavirus, health - Scalable in-hospital decontamination of N95 filtering face-piece respirator with a peracetic acid room disinfection system
covid, infection, sars - Healthcare worker perception of a global outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and personal protective equipment: Survey of a pediatric tertiary-care hospital
covid, sars, cov - Impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on nosocomial Clostridioides difficile infection
covid, patients, hospitals - Assessing severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) preparedness in US community hospitals: A forgotten entity

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

patients, infection, hospital, coronavirus, healthcare, cases, transmission, study, control, days, period, patient, pandemic, testing, use, care, risk, disease, time, health, authors, outbreak, support, symptoms, test, virus, hospitals, workers, community, measures, screening, article, exposure, tests, guidelines, data, masks, staff, hcws, results, website, prevention, system, pneumonia, case, epidemiology, date, contact, number, interest

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

using, reported, tested, included, provided, identified, performing, confirmed, increased, recommend, reduce, based, preventing, required, associated, admitted, shown, developing, infected, following, detect, compared, needed, implement, suspected, occurred, considered, worn, support, related, remains, hospitalized, received, suggesting, make, present, isolated, covid-19, given, found, defined, regarding, indicated, working, demonstrated, control, caused, spread, limiting, know

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

COVID-19, SARS, CoV-2, PPE, PCR, Health, China, N95, March, CDI, RT, Wuhan, sha, April, CT, HCWs, World, United, Organization, Control, February, PAA, nan, States, Fig, National, ICU, Prevention, HCW, ER, Disease, CDC, Korea, IQR, RSW, Coronavirus, May, IPC, US, Twitter, Editor, C., Hospital, Singapore, Iran, South, CoV, University, New, Middle

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

we, our, their, it, they, its, them, her, she, he, us, his, i, one, you, themselves, your, itself, ≥48, yourself, my

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

covid-19, respiratory, positive, negative, asymptomatic, severe, clinical, financial, relevant, high, acute, novel, medical, patient, public, protective, antibiotic, social, nosocomial, viral, first, early, low, key, potential, personal, new, large, significant, infectious, single, available, effective, universal, different, many, symptomatic, nasopharyngeal, surgical, several, initial, local, critical, possible, intensive, global, current, important, similar, rapid

also, however, well, therefore, prior, even, respectively, first, frequently, potentially, especially, almost, rapidly, overall, significantly, moreover, subsequently, previously, often, furthermore, currently, notably, likely, recently, finally, particularly, later, additionally, still, highly, successfully, now, effectively, early, commonly, relatively, rather, yet, newly, less, already, worldwide, strongly, statistically, regardless, least, immediately, far, better, similarly

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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