bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
surface plasmon	160
plasmon resonance	151
environmental surfaces	103
infection control	101
electron microscopy	91
enteric viruses	82
surface roughness	78
stainless steel	78
staphylococcus aureus	74
health care	73
scanning electron	72
disinfecting chemicals	70
copper surfaces	67
intensive care	65
antimicrobial peptides	65
escherichia coli	62
hand hygiene	59
monte carlo	59
antimicrobial activity	58
hydrogen peroxide	57
human brain	56
nucleic acid	56
molecular dynamics	55
door handles	54
electron beam	52
experimental data	52
inanimate surfaces	52
output layer	51
healthcare facilities	51
contact angle	51
shannon entropy	50
plasma membrane	50
environmental contamination	48
contaminated surfaces	48
quantum dots	48
care unit	47
surface science	47
free energy	47
respiratory syndrome	45
surface topography	45
quaternary ammonium	45
neural networks	45
care facilities	44
doc id	44
acute respiratory	44
electron microscope	44
cord uid	44
clostridium difficile	44
force microscopy	43
carbon nanotubes	42
cell membrane	41
living cells	41
resistant staphylococcus	40
nosocomial pathogens	40
sars cov	39
membrane proteins	39
atomic force	39
important role	39
hard surfaces	38
amino acid	38
environmental surface	38
associated infections	37
cell surface	36
particle diameter	36
room temperature	36
neural network	36
touch surfaces	36
superhydrophobic surfaces	36
information content	35
public health	35
amino acids	35
cell lines	35
wetting properties	35
influenza virus	35
input data	35
severe acute	34
healthcare workers	34
hospital surfaces	34
surface sampling	34
molecular imprinting	34
contact time	34
direct contact	34
antiviral activity	34
filter cake	34
relative humidity	34
copper alloy	34
input layer	34
cross section	33
resonance frequency	33
recent years	32
nucleic acids	32
mechanical properties	32
transmission electron	32
surface area	32
conformational changes	31
copper alloys	31
commonly used	31
colloidal crystals	31
dynamics simulations	31
quartz crystal	31
widely used	30
fine particles	30
resonance imaging	30
results show	30
size distribution	30
klebsiella pneumoniae	30
detection limit	29
different surfaces	29
negatively charged	29
different types	29
respiratory tract	29
surface stress	29
antimicrobial properties	29
granular material	29
surface properties	29
syndrome coronavirus	29
protein interactions	28
supplement iv	28
surface disinfection	28
single molecule	28
uv light	28
particle size	28
recovery efficiencies	28
enveloped viruses	28
scanning vol	28
antimicrobial peptide	28
cfu cm	28
gold nanoparticles	28
surface contamination	28
contact surfaces	28
surface materials	27
assembled monolayers	27
droplet clusters	27
refractive index	27
lipid bilayer	27
respiratory viruses	26
viral rna	26
binding sites	26
lipid membranes	26
host cell	26
viral infections	26
cross sections	26
human serum	26
human exposure	26
permeate flux	26
membrane surface	26
virus particles	25
human norovirus	25
results obtained	25
infectious diseases	25
highly sensitive	25
closely related	25
risk assessment	25
surface modification	25
natural convection	25
mass spectrometry	25
machine learning	24
scaling relationships	24
transfer function	24
membrane filtration	24
two different	24
coronavirus disease	24
united states	24
high sensitivity	24
lp process	24
materials science	24
also used	23
cell line	23
initial surface	23
van der	23
respiratory syncytial	23
term care	23
isoelectric point	23
biomedical applications	23
fluorescence microscopy	23
heat transfer	23
human coronavirus	23
crystal microbalance	23
graphene oxide	23
molecular weight	23
real time	23
biological effects	23
water contact	22
acinetobacter baumannii	22
colloidal systems	22
superhydrophobic materials	22
binding site	22
thin films	22
artificial neural	22
power law	22
wide range	22
titanium dioxide	22
lipid bilayers	22
bacterial burden	22
ionic strength	22
pseudomonas aeruginosa	22
hospital environment	22
nosocomial infections	22
material composition	22
laser beam	21
composite materials	21
ion channels	21
systematic review	21
viral particles	21
energy transfer	21
infected patients	21
cellular processes	21
hbv infection	21
imprinted polymers	21
molecularly imprinted	21
membrane protein	21
also found	21
virucidal activity	21
gold surface	21
cantilever array	21
ocular surface	21
total number	21
care units	21
antimicrobial agent	20
recent studies	20
protein structure	20
novel coronavirus	20
der waals	20
drug delivery	20
world health	20
light microscopy	20
herpes simplex	20
recent study	20
active packaging	20
i will	20
scaling laws	20
may also	20
alloy surfaces	20
water vapor	20
virus infection	20
physical principles	20
cell culture	19
syncytial virus	19
surface application	19
surface wetting	19
results suggest	19
hnov gii	19
infection risk	19
free behavior	19
learning techniques	19
vitro bioactivity	19
protective equipment	19
fluorescence spectroscopy	19
environmental conditions	19
sensor surface	19
cancer cells	19
electrostatic interactions	19
functional groups	19
molecular recognition	19
model membranes	19
microcantilever sensors	19
network model	19
repellent properties	19
bond cluster	19
medical equipment	19
various materials	19
chlorine dioxide	19
high resolution	19
colloidal science	19
nd particles	19
ann models	19
disease control	19
results indicate	19
direct detection	19
frequency shift	19
cell types	19
personal protective	19
first time	19
built environment	19
clinical analysis	19
virus inactivation	19
water separation	18
gene delivery	18
aboav scaling	18
serum albumin	18
chemical reaction	18
steel surfaces	18
log reduction	18
reactive oxygen	18
ammonium salts	18
sensitive devices	18
antibacterial activity	18
intcp cells	18
correlation spectroscopy	18
circular dichroism	18
carcinogenic cells	18
laser scanning	18
diamond films	18
spr biosensor	18
sensitive detection	18
fluorescence correlation	18
diamond surfaces	18
high affinity	18
simplex virus	18
mucus saliva	18
using surface	18
even though	18
viable virus	18
blood cells	18
connections leading	17
first physical	17
low cost	17
complex dependencies	17
electrostatic forces	17
droplets used	17
respiratory pathogens	17
linear transfer	17
called tribology	17
important scaling	17
apply machine	17
multilayer perception	17
highly empirical	17
complex neurons	17
surface imprinting	17
recently suggested	17
training process	17
surface scientists	17
layer compute	17
represent complex	17
saliva mixture	17
computer models	17
models learn	17
molecular level	17
graphite composite	17
day care	17
rigid particles	17
experimental manner	17
model complex	17
examining individual	17
control measures	17
crystals made	17
high concentration	17
frequently touched	17
murine norovirus	17
least one	17
driven inductive	17
knowledge acquired	17
chain reaction	17
heat generation	17
environmental protection	17
connection weights	17
layers connect	17
gene expression	17
units representing	17
models somewhat	17
data suggest	17
positively charged	17
acquired knowledge	17
surface free	17
including complex	17
ann model	17
interconnected nodes	17
network representation	17
inductive science	17
supplementary material	17
composite including	17
interdisciplinary area	17
virus type	17
typical ann	17
correlations allows	17
antimicrobial copper	17
predicting water	17
wear rate	17
wetting experiments	17
area closely	17
indoor air	17
finally delivered	17
another area	17
tribological studies	17
feline calicivirus	17
infected person	17
applied branch	17
several stages	17
anns incorporate	17
individual records	17
virus transmission	17
optimized design	17
recovery efficiency	17
desired output	17
physical properties	17
daycare centres	17
varying connection	17
small rigid	17
metallic composite	17
hidden layers	17
big amount	17
often deal	17
three parts	17
since ann	17
virus adsorption	17
complex input	17
activations based	17
predicting new	17
fi lm	17
predict surface	17
perception neural	17
three different	17
tribology remains	17
engineering components	17
synaptic weights	17
engineers often	17
somewhat resembling	17
levitating droplet	17
electron transfer	17
novel hydrophobic	17
tribology deals	17
making adjustments	17
allows predicting	17
ductile iron	17
hidden layer	17
nodal connections	17
training makes	17
thin film	17
well known	17
resembling neural	17
new outcomes	17
anns learn	17
output relationships	17
retrieving acquired	17
contacting surfaces	17
human health	17
negative bacteria	17
sodium hypochlorite	16
resonance biosensor	16
secondary electron	16
solid surfaces	16
patient care	16
water molecules	16
bacterial contamination	16
surface charge	16
key role	16
antimicrobial surfaces	16
mott cross	16
polymerase chain	16
secondary structure	16
law distribution	16
health effects	16
side effects	16
surface cleaning	16
surface ntcp	16
respiratory swabs	16
infection prevention	16
electrostatic interaction	16
protection agency	16
working environment	16
silica nanoparticles	16
human enteric	16
type i	16
previously described	16
several studies	16
virus survival	16
nanocrystalline diamond	16
hand sanitizers	16
metallic copper	16
diamond surface	16
antimicrobial agents	16
large number	16
chip surface	15
based biosensors	15
immunosensor based	15
live cells	15
rapid detection	15
free detection	15
copper door	15
respiratory illness	15
bile acid	15
cell membranes	15
thin layer	15
operatory surfaces	15
spatial resolution	15
wide variety	15
positive bacteria	15
synthetic peptide	15
oxygen species	15
resonance energy	15
salmonella typhimurium	15
human blood	15
polymer matrix	15
contaminated hands	15
healthcare environment	15
sensitive measurements	15
time scale	15
biofilm formation	15
silver nanoparticles	15
health organization	15
ng ml	15
long time	15
surface quality	15
signal transduction	15
cotton swab	15
immune system	15
sensing surface	15
chemical disinfectants	15
disinfecting surfaces	15
microbial burden	15
hand contact	15
genetic material	15
blood concentrations	15
acquired infections	15
surface emissivity	14
epithelial cells	14
data obtained	14
using single	14
viral load	14
lipid rafts	14
polymer surface	14
peptide bond	14
food contact	14
small round	14
surfaces near	14
optical tweezers	14
particle concentration	14
influenza viruses	14
monoclonal antibody	14
humic substances	14
spike protein	14
oral contamination	14
sars coronavirus	14
sample preparation	14
uptake doses	14
respiratory infections	14
covalent immobilization	14
studied using	14
solid copper	14
three years	14
physical chemistry	14
fatty acid	14
will present	14
hospital wards	14
time monitoring	14
control practices	14
aspect ratio	14
electric field	14
environmental cleaning	14
lipid membrane	14
amperometric immunosensor	14
dengue virus	14
enhanced raman	14
nervous system	14
structural changes	14
clinical environment	14
care hospitals	14
human body	14
resistant bacteria	14
listeria monocytogenes	14
health risks	14
bacterial cells	14
based biosensor	14
confocal microscopy	14
dental practice	14
bovine serum	14
tissue culture	14
crystal structure	14
another study	14
gas phase	14
will show	14
amyloid fibrils	14
mechanical durability	14
power exponent	14
care settings	14
drug discovery	14
environmental services	14
cantilever arrays	13
amperometric immunosensors	13
simultaneous detection	13
molecular mechanisms	13
first step	13
scanning probe	13
oxidative stress	13
ap activity	13
cell wall	13
model system	13
also observed	13
state nmr	13
bsa molecules	13
imaging techniques	13
significant difference	13
cantilever surface	13
surface stability	13
polymer surfaces	13
fl uorescence	13
fi lms	13
assembled monolayer	13
raman spectroscopy	13
dust explosion	13
acute gastroenteritis	13
conformational change	13
infectious dose	13
wild type	13
surfaces may	13
porous surfaces	13
critical point	13
door handle	13
within minutes	13
tertiary care	13
see also	13
small particles	13
high risk	13
cell biology	13
natural antibodies	13
membrane fusion	13
immune cells	13
phase transition	13
superhydrophobic graphene	13
detection using	13
red blood	13
infectious disease	13
structure determination	13
measured using	13
impedance spectroscopy	13
experimental results	13
resistant enterococci	13
peer review	13
bacillus subtilis	13
fomite transmission	13
several advantages	13
present study	13
investigated disinfecting	13
scattering cross	12
optical microscopy	12
distilled water	12
dental operatory	12
resistant acinetobacter	12
acute care	12
low temperature	12
virus recovery	12
better understanding	12
dna hybridization	12
transmission via	12
colloidal clusters	12
glass surfaces	12
extracellular matrix	12
skeletal muscle	12
good agreement	12
pathogenic bacteria	12
detection limits	12
carbon nanotube	12
environmental samples	12
family members	12
carlo simulation	12
noise ratio	12
bioactivity data	12
light scattering	12
organic compounds	12
mother cell	12
cell division	12
healthcare environments	12
different concentrations	12
colloid particles	12
biologically active	12
surface swabs	12
touched surfaces	12
experimental conditions	12
somewhat similar	12
fatty acids	12
image analysis	12
results showed	12
recent developments	12
round structured	12
bulk material	12
membrane interaction	12
cell death	12
nosocomial infection	12
encapsulated clo	12
fitted curve	12
aqueous solution	12
ray diffraction	12
chemical properties	12
membrane structure	12
delivery system	12
electron microscopic	12
immune response	12
cytoplasmic membrane	12
may cause	12
laser polishing	12
organic materials	12
medical applications	12
brownian diffusion	12
ray scattering	12
array biosensor	12
toxicological data	12
mammalian cells	12
reaction center	12
recovery medium	12
packaging materials	12
network science	12
ammonium compounds	12
high levels	12
biological activity	12
periodic heat	12
partition coefficients	12
dental offices	12
polyethylene glycol	12
selective detection	11
mg ml	11
care environment	11
significant reduction	11
confocal laser	11
dry surfaces	11
healthcare settings	11
backscattered electron	11
patient rooms	11
detection systems	11
contact transmission	11
estimated using	11
hydrogen bonds	11
viral entry	11
exhaled air	11
also reported	11
problems associated	11
biological agents	11
concentration range	11
remain viable	11
small amounts	11
binding protein	11
protein binding	11
poorly understood	11
spring constant	11
converting enzyme	11
blood agar	11
without affecting	11
care centers	11
control surfaces	11
bactericidal activity	11
optical beam	11
based sensors	11
transmission routes	11
bond formation	11
public spaces	11
binding proteins	11
modified diamond	11
hydrophobic interactions	11
sample surface	11
biological processes	11
similar results	11
several tens	11
granular materials	11
cell proliferation	11
hyaluronic acid	11
frequency change	11
clinical trials	11
food industry	11
indoor surfaces	11
monoclonal antibodies	11
previous studies	11
fiber optic	11
surface plasmons	11
boiling point	11
serum samples	11
collection efficiency	11
food packaging	11
aerosol transmission	11
large numbers	11
fourier transform	11
protein complexes	11
atomic number	11
snow crystals	11
following values	11
informational content	11
force field	11
endothelial cells	11
difficile infection	11
much higher	11
hydration water	11
take place	11
bond configurations	11
important factor	11
localized surface	11
solid body	11
films incorporated	11
horseradish peroxidase	11
biological systems	11
normal cells	11
fluorescence intensity	11
extremely low	11
east respiratory	11
image processing	11
antimicrobial coatings	11
infectious agents	11
silver ions	11
dermal absorption	11
yeast cells	11
chemical reactions	11
young children	11
indicator organisms	11
membrane lipids	11
transfer efficiency	11
plasmonic tweezers	11
ph values	11
numerous studies	11
middle east	11
chemical synthesis	11
surface imprinted	11
cell cycle	11
cotransporting polypeptide	10
tear film	10
metal oxide	10
surfaces using	10
spr imaging	10
trace amounts	10
particles formed	10
better understand	10
different environmental	10
clinical diagnosis	10
slip transition	10
fly ash	10
single crystal	10
actin cytoskeleton	10
nanosized particles	10
detection method	10
membrane curvature	10
fluorescent probes	10
light harvesting	10
breast cancer	10
particles per	10
chemical disinfection	10
membrane potential	10
parameter characterizing	10
acid extraction	10
drug resistance	10
may result	10
almost one	10
flow cytometry	10
environmental factors	10
antimicrobial efficacy	10
antimicrobial resistance	10
brain size	10
tumor cells	10
among others	10
powerful tool	10
author funder	10
may become	10
risk factor	10
surface structures	10
sampling methods	10
cmp wastewater	10
cvd diamond	10
antitumor activity	10
covalent bonding	10
particulate matters	10
cancer cell	10
good reproducibility	10
commercially available	10
surface given	10
swelling power	10
log tcid	10
drying time	10
takes place	10
energy loss	10
include granular	10
titration calorimetry	10
antimicrobial packaging	10
useful tool	10
blood groups	10
laser power	10
physiological conditions	10
cortical networks	10
scanning force	10
disinfecting products	10
roughness parameter	10
rotavirus infection	10
number concentration	10
infrared spectroscopy	10
sensor response	10
metal surface	10
hydrophobic interaction	10
granted medrxiv	10
one study	10
large amounts	10
analyte molecules	10
acoustic wave	10
care workers	10
determine whether	10
food safety	10
virus detection	10
turbulent natural	10
molten material	10
ntcp expression	10
characterizing informational	10
chemical modification	10
detection system	10
two types	10
environment measurement	10
protex model	10
taurocholate cotransporting	10
informational approach	10
chain length	10
piezoelectric immunosensor	10
wetting transitions	10
infected patient	10
complex i	10
high throughput	10
th state	10
electrochemical impedance	10
pbs buffer	10
diffusion coefficient	10
bed rails	10
cell migration	10
blood vessels	10
bacterial pathogens	10
surface material	10
chemical composition	10
indoor compartments	10
higher sensitivity	10
wafer surface	10
results demonstrate	10
dna damage	10
specific binding	10
fitting equation	10
allometric scaling	10
human igg	10
human noroviruses	10
statistical probability	10
detonation nd	10
curve fitting	10
medical diagnostics	10
fluorescence resonance	10
mass transfer	10
oil water	10
immunodeficiency virus	10
cross linker	10
high temperature	10
amplitude distribution	10
stream function	10
colloidal particles	10
white matter	10
imprinted polymer	10
surfaces within	10
isothermal titration	10
frequently used	10
heparan sulfate	10
virucidal efficiency	10
surface types	10
kj mol	10
internal reflection	10
based informational	10
correlation length	10
human immunodeficiency	10
hospital cleaning	9
effect transistor	9
close proximity	9
elution buffer	9
aluminum crimp	9
distributions typical	9
several hundred	9
based superhydrophobic	9
respiratory viral	9
safety issues	9
binding kinetics	9
viral infection	9
statistical distributions	9
cell adhesion	9
quality factor	9
highly specific	9
neutron scattering	9
structural analysis	9
free end	9
serratia marcescens	9
superhydrophobic surface	9
full length	9
charge density	9
hydrogen bonding	9
small clusters	9
entropy provides	9
time required	9
fluorescent proteins	9
application scenario	9
carbon black	9
routine cleaning	9
total internal	9
sampling method	9
molecular mechanism	9
polymeric matrix	9
spinal cord	9
diamond nanoparticles	9
based nanocomposites	9
crucial role	9
sodium taurocholate	9
contaminated surface	9
forming units	9
piezoelectric immunoassay	9
based sensing	9
rights reserved	9
pathogenic microorganisms	9
posted august	9
clinical diagnostics	9
transmission route	9
resonance sensors	9
systems form	9
version posted	9
form sets	9
interfering substances	9
mean recovery	9
force microscope	9
cleaning protocols	9
age groups	9
amplifi ed	9
increasing number	9
last years	9
reuse allowed	9
different proteins	9
allows us	9
bed sheet	9
silicon nitride	9
per unit	9
physicochemical properties	9
surfaces survival	9
casein micelles	9
high spatial	9
blood group	9
muscle cells	9
artificial mucus	9
five long	9
thermodynamic transformation	9
high concentrations	9
amyloid aggregation	9
covalently immobilized	9
size range	9
molecule level	9
bioactive peptides	9
infectious virus	9
hospital outbreak	9
exhaust gases	9
life cycle	9
specific antibodies	9
hot spots	9
elevated temperatures	9
carlo program	9
plasmofluidic sensors	9
inoculum levels	9
climate change	9
recent advances	9
using sem	9
heat exchange	9
healthcare infection	9
lipid composition	9
polyester swabs	9
positive results	9
financial support	9
significantly reduced	9
relatively low	9
nusselt number	9
cells using	9
transplanted hearts	9
clusters made	9
phase contrast	9
entropy approach	9
law statistical	9
protein interaction	9
family caregivers	9
material type	9
metal ion	9
transform infrared	9
times higher	9
experimental evidence	9
ligand binding	9
bond configuration	9
gene therapy	9
lipid interactions	9
bacterial cell	9
copper surface	9
copyright holder	9
acoustic devices	9
private dental	9
time points	9
host cells	9
virus transfer	9
nonporous surfaces	9
oxide nanoparticles	9
metal surfaces	9
thermal transmission	9
performed using	9
recognition elements	9
numerical simulation	9
since nanoparticles	9
th percentile	9
gastrointestinal tract	9
biological warfare	9
point mutation	9
culture medium	9
peroxide vapor	9
microbial contamination	9
without permission	9
resonant frequency	9
terminal cleaning	9
human coronaviruses	9
household surfaces	9
hospital settings	9
sensor based	9
peptone water	9
may provide	9
various systems	9
configurations somewhat	9
blood plasma	9
taking place	9
systems studied	9
infection transmission	9
previous study	9
cantilever sensors	9
magnetic force	9
environmental monitoring	9
potential role	9
water interface	9
allowed without	9
following chapter	9
optical waveguide	9
fi eld	9
free radicals	9
also characteristic	9
accelerating voltage	9
clinical studies	8
cantilever deflection	8
clo solution	8
recently developed	8
surfaces contaminated	8
cleaning procedures	8
high level	8
fluorescent protein	8
channel activity	8
medrxiv preprint	8
various species	8
diamond thin	8
per year	8
sustained release	8
ph range	8
million people	8
superhydrophobic nanocoatings	8
flat surface	8
maximum acceptable	8
infectious particles	8
scale enclosure	8
mhc i	8
mass loss	8
several days	8
letheen broth	8
solution containing	8
many cases	8
potential use	8
indirect contact	8
organic film	8
via environmental	8
heat treatment	8
hard surface	8
superior surface	8
approach based	8
cm chip	8
ion channel	8
frequently contaminated	8
magnetic particles	8
investigated using	8
post application	8
binding affinity	8
bacterial nucleic	8
superhydrophobic coatings	8
structured viruses	8
molecular interactions	8
th percentiles	8
surface chemistry	8
life sciences	8
last decade	8
various types	8
disinfectant solution	8
flow resistance	8
peroxide vapour	8
surgical procedures	8
metabolic rate	8
covalently bound	8
contamination via	8
plaque assay	8
nosocomial pathogen	8
allow us	8
differential scanning	8
barrier properties	8
enzymatic activity	8
vivo toxicological	8
vascular access	8
fluorescence anisotropy	8
aerosol particles	8
prostate cancer	8
thermal expansion	8
nvr particles	8
gated ion	8
single particle	8
coli cells	8
infective dose	8
cell type	8
singlet oxygen	8
md simulations	8
clo coating	8
different lipid	8
photosystem ii	8
antibacterial properties	8
scanning calorimetry	8
protein solutions	8
rotavirus diarrhoea	8
several hours	8
associated pathogens	8
ntcp protein	8
colloidal gold	8
low concentrations	8
resolution imaging	8
fluorescence quenching	8
biological membranes	8
clinically relevant	8
calculated using	8
practices advisory	8
studies showed	8
per cubic	8
future studies	8
pediatric wards	8
phase transitions	8
flow rate	8
biological function	8
allowed us	8
also developed	8
care centres	8
low temperatures	8
carbohydrate microarrays	8
environmental hygiene	8
tract infections	8
high touch	8
industrial processes	8
screened rutherford	8
hand rub	8
hbv entry	8
high degree	8
two main	8
scalefree networks	8
per hour	8
structural characterization	8
affi nity	8
authors declare	8
general environment	8
structural features	8
corrosion resistance	8
medical devices	8
synthetic peptides	8
osmotic pressure	8
chlorhexidine gluconate	8
various kinds	8
viral gastroenteritis	8
mass change	8
molecular modeling	8
coronavirus infection	8
hygiene scenario	8
different temperatures	8
analytical performance	8
present work	8
colonized patients	8
biological samples	8
significant impact	8
immunosorbent assay	8
peptide synthesis	8
upper surface	8
taken together	8
dna detection	8
biomolecular interactions	8
ethylene glycol	8
zeta potential	8
body mass	8
copper nanoparticles	8
particles less	8
tcid ml	8
particle conversion	8
body fluids	8
organized criticality	8
much larger	8
sensitive transducers	8
healthcare worker	8
transition metals	8
amino coupling	8
force spectroscopy	8
antimicrobial surface	8
chemical stability	8
one surface	8
current study	8
significant role	8
live cell	8
statistical characteristics	8
increasingly important	8
solid material	8
stem cell	8
light microscope	8
touch surface	8
gray matter	8
dna strands	8
virus types	8
well characterized	8
gold surfaces	8
temporal resolution	8
ultrafine particles	8
membrane binding	8
methods used	8
highly efficient	8
viral titer	8
detection methods	8
specific detection	8
typical example	8
blood vessel	8
comparative study	8
often used	8
two orders	8
small angle	8
like carbon	8
human beings	8
reverse transcriptase	8
advisory committee	8
mass changes	8
microbial load	8
within min	8
infected cells	8
filtration resistance	8
lower estimate	8
built clinical	8
quantitative analysis	8
upper respiratory	8
new insights	8
transcription factors	8
food matrix	8
magainin i	8
drug resistant	8
wheat germ	8
focused ion	8
saw devices	8
biological molecules	8
structural studies	8
elastic modulus	8
brain activity	8
longer persistence	8
proton transfer	8
great interest	8
clinical applications	8
unilamellar vesicles	8
ftir spectroscopy	8
liquid droplets	8
indoor environment	8
great importance	7
human cytomegalovirus	7
another important	7
harvesting complex	7
widely accepted	7
impedance measurements	7
charged particles	7
harvesting complexes	7
food preservation	7
energy conversion	7
mycobacterium tuberculosis	7
occupational exposure	7
amino groups	7
extremely high	7
adult medicine	7
also showed	7
template molecules	7
scanning microscope	7
large quantity	7
single cell	7
safety assessment	7
one order	7
porous materials	7
viral envelope	7
surface functionalization	7
samples using	7
lipid vesicles	7
reflected light	7
may play	7
placental villi	7
heavy metals	7
materials used	7
high temperatures	7
human hepatocytes	7
real matrices	7
new york	7
schiff base	7
high pressure	7
probe tip	7
fibrillar aggregates	7
lp surface	7
inversely proportional	7
electron energy	7
convective nusselt	7
viral capsid	7
viral persistence	7
successfully applied	7
human cells	7
critical behavior	7
polymerized fi	7
potentially contaminated	7
chemical vapor	7
surface characteristics	7
time scales	7
gibbs free	7
biological specimens	7
air filter	7
metal ions	7
microprobe analysis	7
bangladeshi hospitals	7
elution buffers	7
crystal structures	7
protein complex	7
cm muscles	7
mucous membranes	7
significantly higher	7
hierarchical structure	7
disinfection strategies	7
hydroxyl groups	7
higher recovery	7
long periods	7
optical trapping	7
immune network	7
glycine buffer	7
medical staff	7
layer thickness	7
vascular network	7
commonly touched	7
potential application	7
eukaryotic cells	7
traditional methods	7
conformational transitions	7
acid residues	7
concentration gradient	7
various surfaces	7
reflection fluorescence	7
daily cleaning	7
receptor binding	7
selective recognition	7
virus viability	7
fluid flow	7
also known	7
surfaces sampled	7
soluble proteins	7
analytical performances	7
disinfection procedures	7
molecule fluorescence	7
saccharomyces cerevisiae	7
measurements performed	7
dead cells	7
process control	7
strongly affected	7
controlled environment	7
protein folding	7
fl ow	7
chemical fixation	7
great potential	7
medicine wards	7
rna viruses	7
intrinsically disordered	7
higher order	7
determined using	7
mechanical response	7
ambient conditions	7
new method	7
based nanocomposite	7
environmental decontamination	7
resonance biosensors	7
virus persistence	7
different fields	7
cantilever sensor	7
hospital setting	7
dry eye	7
control procedures	7
temperature gradient	7
binding capacity	7
various fields	7
polymer layer	7
biological cells	7
surface radiation	7
patients hospitalized	7
protein dynamics	7
organic chemicals	7
experimental study	7
hair cells	7
person transmission	7
clinical samples	7
adsorption onto	7
mdck cells	7
mtt assay	7
different blood	7
solid surface	7
two hours	7
reverse transcription	7
lower surface	7
near patients	7
rat liver	7
nonspecific adsorption	7
water droplets	7
health risk	7
via fomites	7
reaction rate	7
triethylene glycol	7
carlo simulations	7
scanning microscopy	7
inhibit hbv	7
human parainfluenza	7
thermal stability	7
environmental sampling	7
graphene based	7
gold electrodes	7
acceptable doses	7
organic solvent	7
phase diagrams	7
cantilever response	7
vapor deposition	7
biosensor based	7
acyl chain	7
central nervous	7
biological species	7
wound healing	7
sampling results	7
binding events	7
electron probe	7
hydroxyl radicals	7
absorption capacity	7
convective heat	7
nmr microscopy	7
based approach	7
rational design	7
treatment processes	7
carbon dioxide	7
binding domain	7
charged membranes	7
respiratory infection	7
supported lipid	7
hospitalized patients	7
present results	7
will also	7
sem edxa	7
net charge	7
nmr spectroscopy	7
bile acids	7
proton pump	7
study using	7
particular interest	7
surfaces inactivation	7
light source	7
magnetic resonance	7
medical clinic	7
nanomechanical cantilever	7
high surface	7
molecular biology	7
spatial distribution	7
surface structure	7
disinfected surfaces	7
one pathogen	7
significant differences	7
time resolution	7
borosilicate glass	7
experimental studies	7
free protein	7
metastatic potential	7
respiratory secretions	7
orthopedic surgeons	7
dna probes	7
dissociation constant	7
organic matter	7
innate immune	7
glass slides	7
immobilization procedures	7
fap crystal	7
thermo fisher	7
also studied	7
new generation	7
emission current	7
particles may	7
copper oxide	7
dependent manner	7
biomolecular interaction	7
scaling properties	7
phospholipid bilayer	7
cell shape	7
lower concentrations	7
surface treatment	7
membrane systems	7
electron trajectories	7
parainfluenza virus	7
critical role	7
statistically significant	7
test method	7
scanning tunneling	7
sensors based	7
chemical sensors	7
newly developed	7
environmental survival	7
sample pretreatment	7
lipid molecules	7
past years	7
nonspecific binding	7
every year	7
ion conductance	7
reference cantilevers	7
organic solvents	7
important class	7
ccd camera	7
suspension test	7
virus entry	7
sliding angles	7
medical field	7
covalently linked	7
plastic surfaces	7
two major	7
tio particles	7
drug screening	7
layer assembly	7
previous work	7
enteric virus	7
reaction chamber	7
healthcare personnel	7
hygiene procedures	7
low molecular	7
adverse effects	7
naturally occurring	7
individual particles	7
label free	7
hydrogen abstraction	7
free convection	7
cell imaging	7
packaging material	7
primary human	7
copper ions	7
indoor environments	7
using piezoresistive	7
disinfectant solutions	7
unit membrane	6
terminal domain	6
voronoi entropy	6
membrane model	6
human rotavirus	6
double layer	6
carbon particles	6
particulate materials	6
lp experiments	6
conformational space	6
optical sections	6
blood cell	6
viral disease	6
common touch	6
also applied	6
use rates	6
germ cell	6
protein immobilization	6
salmonella enterica	6
time resolved	6
enveloped virus	6
tube containing	6
four different	6
cigarette smoke	6
chemical substances	6
airborne particle	6
model membrane	6
cause pulmonary	6
biosensing applications	6
abrasion tests	6
microfluidic chip	6
insoluble nanoparticles	6
metal oxides	6
direct interaction	6
rare earth	6
antimicrobial materials	6
crac motif	6
relative contribution	6
respiratory pathogen	6
pathogens persist	6
urinary tract	6
feline coronavirus	6
plaque assays	6
contact lenses	6
coating materials	6
ace receptor	6
gold layer	6
bed rail	6
infected people	6
generated particles	6
plasmonic structures	6
immobilization strategy	6
nickel compounds	6
target molecules	6
quartz surface	6
abdominal aorta	6
disinfection efficacy	6
system based	6
electron distribution	6
emission spectra	6
low boiling	6
minimal concentration	6
system using	6
molecular basis	6
centrifugal force	6
wafer surfaces	6
cell differentiation	6
onto surfaces	6
image intensity	6
antimicrobial coating	6
per milliliter	6
domestic homes	6
potential health	6
electron detection	6
respiratory chain	6
evanescent wave	6
mechanical stability	6
reactive protein	6
fisher scientific	6
relatively easy	6
osmium tetroxide	6
lysine residues	6
gold chip	6
ldl particles	6
micromechanical cantilever	6
reduced graphene	6
chemical disinfectant	6
high selectivity	6
body fluid	6
collected samples	6
evanescent field	6
antibiotic resistance	6
cell viability	6
viral pathogens	6
electrostatic force	6
cleanroom environments	6
part i	6
cancer patients	6
disease burden	6
time consuming	6
slit lamp	6
infection spreading	6
highly selective	6
toilet seats	6
study found	6
immobilized onto	6
glass fibers	6
quantitative pcr	6
nanohole arrays	6
strand breaks	6
germicidal cleaner	6
rapid inactivation	6
given surface	6
surface disinfectants	6
enteric adenoviruses	6
liquid phase	6
cancer biomarker	6
metabolism rates	6
bacterial infections	6
elastic scattering	6
gene activation	6
au pd	6
active site	6
hospital infection	6
cleaning contam	6
recent data	6
different materials	6
using fluorescent	6
using different	6
usually present	6
organic molecules	6
ntcp gene	6
polypeptide chain	6
virus contamination	6
rhinovirus colds	6
st century	6
data show	6
physical adsorption	6
polymerization ability	6
jamming transition	6
contaminated fomites	6
modifi ed	6
related diseases	6
streptococcus pneumoniae	6
transducer surface	6
antiviral effects	6
surface morphology	6
quantum dot	6
comet assay	6
become infected	6
microfiber cloths	6
secondary antibodies	6
mass fraction	6
commonly contaminated	6
pulmonary diseases	6
cell level	6
linewidth measurement	6
volume per	6
dna replication	6
avian influenza	6
risk factors	6
cellular components	6
cause severe	6
gold nanoparticle	6
coarse particles	6
charged surfaces	6
action potential	6
prevalence survey	6
dynamic mode	6
one week	6
small molecules	6
general term	6
thylakoid membranes	6
positive samples	6
immunosensor array	6
temperature range	6
detectable viral	6
physical contact	6
infection rate	6
microfiber wipes	6
magnetic field	6
primary particles	6
ahs colonies	6
heavy oil	6
contact times	6
charged residues	6
low numbers	6
targeted drug	6
receptor networks	6
central role	6
immune systems	6
average specific	6
bacteria within	6
norovirus contamination	6
significantly different	6
neural crest	6
nd surface	6
well suited	6
treated cells	6
absorption spectroscopy	6
challenging task	6
ultracentrifugal sedimentation	6
tested using	6
well established	6
rayleigh number	6
model systems	6
emission sources	6
specific filtration	6
may lead	6
aqueous solutions	6
hospital admissions	6
biocidal agents	6
disease diagnostics	6
environmental infection	6
array sensors	6
four hours	6
cfus cm	6
national university	6
dust particles	6
remains infectious	6
driving force	6
antifungal activity	6
holz lines	6
protein molecules	6
increased risk	6
immediate environment	6
epa registered	6
cleaning operations	6
adverse health	6
viral contamination	6
conducted using	6
cold atmospheric	6
secondary antibody	6
large scale	6
scanning confocal	6
covalent bond	6
coiled coil	6
temperature dependence	6
will allow	6
food processing	6
small fraction	6
specific protein	6
excitation light	6
taking advantage	6
physiologically relevant	6
villi trees	6
membrane interactions	6
filtration processes	6
optical read	6
conjugated secondary	6
lipid phase	6
average convective	6
sensor layer	6
may vary	6
significantly lower	6
light switches	6
will focus	6
dna molecules	6
hand skin	6
growth factor	6
contact area	6
vertical axis	6
target protein	6
transcriptase polymerase	6
soft drink	6
particle surface	6
treated hard	6
fluid phase	6
interfering substance	6
photosynthetic bacteria	6
bulk imprinting	6
diagnostic applications	6
structural biology	6
doping analysis	6
decreasing particle	6
membrane area	6
binding process	6
low levels	6
throughput screening	6
made possible	6
essential role	6
high magnification	6
double emulsion	6
nucleotide polymorphisms	6
much less	6
human transmission	6
hungarian academy	6
optical properties	6
study also	6
functional properties	6
crystal surface	6
viridans streptococci	6
electrical double	6
immobilization procedure	6
norovirus outbreaks	6
bleach germicidal	6
binding pocket	6
covalently binding	6
gold electrode	6
analysis time	6
cfu ml	6
water syringe	6
still unclear	6
eye drops	6
findings suggest	6
cleaning methods	6
field optical	6
candida albicans	6
nm diameter	6
many applications	6
multipurpose towel	6
around nm	6
using two	6
many factors	6
years old	6
linked immunosorbent	6
working stroke	6
based immunoassay	6
photosynthetic reaction	6
gastroenteric viruses	6
high velocity	6
electron micrographs	6
flow cell	6
enabled us	6
thermal drift	6
pg ml	6
traditional cleaning	6
resolved fluorescence	6
higher plants	6
process parameters	6
stranded dna	6
oriented immobilization	6
dry copper	6
blood concentration	6
healthcare associated	6
relative importance	6
air cleaning	6
important roles	6
pore size	6
uv absorption	6
exact test	6
absolute humidity	6
human respiratory	6
customs service	6
fully understood	6
protein detection	6
raman scattering	6
gaseous clo	6
will discuss	6
etch pits	6
based detection	6
zipf law	6
obtained using	6
particle growth	6
ca channel	6
blood pressure	6
data showed	6
sized particles	6
hospital hygiene	6
diamond electrodes	6
possible source	6
excitation energy	6
gold particles	6
genomic dna	6
air cleaners	6
specifically designed	6
yolk granules	6
recognition element	6
beam deflection	6
channeling patterns	6
concentration polarization	6
insoluble particles	6
impregnated cloths	6
using microcantilevers	6
magnetic nanoparticles	6
advanced treatment	6
bacterial adhesion	6
bacterial species	6
morphological changes	6
rna polymerase	6
staff members	6
far larger	6
pr virus	6
na ions	6
time constant	6
microtip deflection	6
amyloid formation	6
signal amplification	6
probe molecules	6
delivery systems	6
trace metal	6
good correlation	6
optical microscope	6
broad spectrum	6
cells showed	6
active ingredients	6
electrochemical immunosensors	6
table i	6
superhydrophobic coating	6
face masks	6
dna oligonucleotides	6
chemical structure	6
activity may	6
vascular system	6
warfare agents	6
nanoparticles may	6
free system	6
corona discharge	6
one hand	6
growth conditions	6
small size	6
glass pieces	6
time pcr	6
platform based	6
bk ca	6
times lower	6
serum proteins	6
transcription factor	6
difficile spores	6
low concentration	6
single nucleotide	6
common cold	6
erythrocyte membrane	6
inanimate environment	6
conductance microscopy	6
single use	6
ion generators	6
sem images	6
human chorionic	6
based method	6
imprinted surface	6
cell scraping	6
dynamic light	6
causative agent	6
single point	6
fulvic acids	6
ca content	6
operating rooms	6
atpase activity	6
prior room	6
printing mode	6
molecular docking	6
packing order	6
published data	6
case study	6
natriuretic peptide	6
human genome	6
polymeric materials	6
hong kong	6
dioxide particles	6
carcinoembryonic antigen	6
salmonella typhi	5
virus titer	5
film coated	5
surfaces via	5
long range	5
norwalk virus	5
two approaches	5
macrofoam swabs	5
good sensitivity	5
using microcantilever	5
latex piezoelectric	5
dna sensing	5
imaging surface	5
transition state	5
hbs buffer	5
comparative analysis	5
cell motility	5
cell detection	5
immobilized via	5
built spr	5
carboxylic acid	5
stem cells	5
developed superhydrophobic	5
volume ratio	5
hospital rooms	5
disinfected hard	5
airborne transmission	5
single scattering	5
near nm	5
endogenous flora	5
best practice	5
using fluorescence	5
patient safety	5
dna binding	5
using self	5
using molecular	5
nanoparticles generated	5
broad range	5
side chains	5
benzalkonium chloride	5
percent mass	5
per ml	5
directly related	5
cantilever length	5
network formation	5
human hands	5
environmental bacterial	5
calcium channels	5
general population	5
silicone gel	5
nitric oxide	5
artificial dna	5
heavy metal	5
low magnification	5
extreme conditions	5
different cell	5
immobilized amps	5
protein fibres	5
per cm	5
healthy individuals	5
oxide semiconductor	5
total emission	5
biological activities	5
different bioanalytes	5
experiments using	5
protein microarrays	5
elastic properties	5
waiting rooms	5
biological fluids	5
public places	5
cholesterol content	5
peripheral blood	5
particle analysis	5
surface interactions	5
modeled individual	5
authors also	5
food systems	5
using high	5
analysis showed	5
antigen binding	5
size ranging	5
incident light	5
immunoassay using	5
biophysical parameters	5
bdd electrodes	5
isolation wards	5
flash photolysis	5
van doremalen	5
frequency spectrum	5
cell damage	5
reference elisa	5
will affect	5
well defined	5
diffraction limit	5
site analysis	5
calcium entry	5
probe microanalysis	5
target cells	5
environment surfaces	5
cleaning regimens	5
amino group	5
water repellency	5
also performed	5
infected individuals	5
human influenza	5
foodborne pathogens	5
common hospital	5
may occur	5
public hospitals	5
average size	5
two separate	5
several nanometers	5
low level	5
exposure time	5
national health	5
new light	5
homology model	5
electromagnetic fields	5
nm thick	5
specific contact	5
claudia steinem	5
ionogenic organic	5
photothermal spectroscopy	5
spr angle	5
rub products	5
bactericidal potential	5
photodynamic therapy	5
abrasion cycles	5
among children	5
toxoplasma gondii	5
commonly detected	5
target surface	5
patient environment	5
microcantilever surfaces	5
granular media	5
human diseases	5
polyurethane surface	5
patients infected	5
target cell	5
us patent	5
heart failure	5
myocardial infarction	5
cross infection	5
ion current	5
cantilever bending	5
membrane potentials	5
higher frequency	5
mechanical damage	5
muscle contraction	5
also examined	5
film surface	5
various cell	5
spread plates	5
also impact	5
tensile strength	5
samples taken	5
labeled protein	5
microscopy techniques	5
allow one	5
studies involving	5
glass surface	5
soc system	5
toxicity testing	5
child care	5
au nps	5
hepatocellular carcinoma	5
protein surface	5
microcantilever arrays	5
experimental findings	5
based biosensing	5
glial cell	5
antimicrobial susceptibility	5
genetically engineered	5
touch objects	5
complementary metal	5
liquid ordered	5
dental settings	5
many different	5
analyte molecule	5
western blot	5
enteric viral	5
contamination due	5
terminal helices	5
active assays	5
solid support	5
sectional area	5
phosphate buffer	5
human biotransformation	5
years later	5
healthy donors	5
cell growth	5
drosophila melanogaster	5
per gram	5
thin sections	5
microrna expression	5
beam reconstruction	5
particle deposition	5
energy transport	5
objects within	5
reference method	5
solid phase	5
silicon substrate	5
different species	5
electrochemical immunosensor	5
mitochondrial membrane	5
potential impact	5
bacterial membrane	5
lipid compositions	5
cantilever surfaces	5
synthetic receptors	5
cellular membranes	5
nmda receptor	5
level disinfection	5
specific antigen	5
force networks	5
conformational flexibility	5
initial stage	5
iron core	5
manual wiping	5
two compounds	5
biophysical methods	5
mouse liver	5
antiviral properties	5
drying times	5
large areas	5
probe microscope	5
microtip material	5
ray masks	5
agar plates	5
five days	5
energy dispersive	5
every day	5
tumor markers	5
using either	5
achieved using	5
personal hygiene	5
workpiece material	5
representative surfaces	5
quail embryo	5
low detection	5
nine hours	5
resonance sensing	5
atomic resolution	5
laser pulses	5
solid walls	5
peptide conjugates	5
plasma membranes	5
pegylated polyplexes	5
capsid integrity	5
alexa fluor	5
beam energy	5
binding affinities	5
microfabricated cantilever	5
special attention	5
ventilation rate	5
collective motion	5
burden associated	5
eb poly	5
services professionals	5
antibodies immobilized	5
coated glass	5
two important	5
chronic hepatitis	5
different experimental	5
complex matrices	5
resonance immunosensor	5
respiratory system	5
sandwich immunoassays	5
culture system	5
particularly interesting	5
predicted blood	5
amide i	5
global health	5
amine groups	5
polyvinyl chloride	5
hela cells	5
nanocomposite coating	5
human activities	5
bulk materials	5
cell cultures	5
flat surfaces	5
hydrogenated diamond	5
caenorhabditis elegans	5
macromolecular assemblies	5
outdoor air	5
drinking water	5
polymer brushes	5
high rate	5
major role	5
ion beam	5
incident electron	5
bsa molecule	5
electron detector	5
ca release	5
buffered saline	5
air quality	5
vitro studies	5
based assay	5
complex network	5
viral gene	5
times per	5
water treatment	5
oral bacteria	5
microfluidic system	5
higher risk	5
directed mutagenesis	5
important factors	5
showed high	5
protein films	5
binding event	5
titin isoform	5
healthcareassociated infections	5
foodborne illness	5
worn samples	5
electron trajectory	5
cubic meter	5
air temperature	5
faucet handles	5
whole cell	5
results may	5
electrical properties	5
primary care	5
particle density	5
using electron	5
atmospheric pressure	5
proteins involved	5
base pairs	5
limiting step	5
nutrient broth	5
temperature sem	5
exhibits high	5
different areas	5
actin network	5
lacrimal drainage	5
acid composition	5
droplet size	5
bacterial growth	5
groups present	5
biological objects	5
coated gold	5
rotavirus infections	5
membrane permeabilization	5
signaling pathways	5
ray crystallography	5
antibody immobilization	5
showed good	5
carrier tests	5
bacterial strains	5
deionized water	5
burkholderia cepacia	5
ten times	5
novel approach	5
tap water	5
covalent attachment	5
nanoparticles will	5
plasmofluidic systems	5
resistant klebsiella	5
medical intensive	5
factors including	5
polarized light	5
proteins may	5
copper handles	5
biological research	5
production processes	5
leading cause	5
teaching hospital	5
dose received	5
mm glycine	5
nasal cavity	5
poc devices	5
norovirus surrogate	5
intermolecular interactions	5
inelastic scattering	5
currently available	5
health problem	5
highly variable	5
rate constants	5
bacterial colonization	5
several factors	5
also show	5
actin networks	5
significant decrease	5
model virus	5
vivo experiments	5
animal models	5
bacteria found	5
two studies	5
cellular level	5
toxicity data	5
ophthalmology clinic	5
prepared using	5
cholera toxin	5
surface type	5
fractal model	5
patient contact	5
rinse method	5
cell walls	5
protein stability	5
sheep blood	5
red channel	5
many others	5
containing particles	5
another example	5
room occupants	5
action potentials	5
common household	5
binding constant	5
glass phase	5
tumor cell	5
drainage system	5
elemental composition	5
nmr data	5
ground surface	5
immunofluorescence microscopy	5
surface concentration	5
modified surfaces	5
early stages	5
seven days	5
volatile organic	5
transition temperature	5
provide new	5
digital image	5
giant unilamellar	5