bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram frequency
food insecurity283
food security155
fatty acids140
physical activity130
systematic review116
immune system115
statistically significant94
adipose tissue88
acute respiratory84
ffas level82
food insecure78
immune response72
respiratory tract72
viral infections70
fatty acid65
ng ml64
household food57
body weight57
united states56
epithelial cells56
oxidative stress56
randomized controlled54
food choice54
inflammatory cytokines54
type diabetes54
public health54
controlled trial54
dietary intake53
older adults52
diabetes mellitus52
clinical trials51
control group50
cancer survivors49
cardiovascular disease48
low food48
influenza virus48
weight gain48
gene expression46
insulin resistance46
insecure households43
cancer patients43
significant differences42
critically ill42
doc id41
nu sha41
cord uid41
nutrients doi41
three months40
increased risk40
mediterranean diet40
se status39
per day39
immune function39
nicotinamide riboside38
tract infections37
respiratory viruses37
mg day37
virus infection37
polyunsaturated fatty36
high ffas36
olive oil36
dietary habits35
mammary gland35
nutritional status35
functional foods35
inflammatory response35
risk factors34
dietary diversity34
muscle mass33
snap benefits33
present study32
sample size32
immune milk32
food access32
ill patients31
antiviral activity31
respiratory disease31
bovine colostrum31
lower vitamin30
nad levels30
antiviral effects30
innate immune30
clinical trial30
experiencing food30
immune responses30
respiratory infections30
food assistance29
mg kg29
authors declare28
viral infection28
older people28
ascorbic acid28
respiratory syncytial28
syncytial virus28
dendritic cells28
may also28
body mass28
choice determinants27
food choices27
distress syndrome27
fish oil27
respiratory distress27
sensory appeal27
consistently food27
respiratory syndrome27
risk factor27
chronic diseases27
whole grains26
beneficial effects26
mouse model26
immune cells26
upper respiratory26
dairy products26
weight loss26
lung injury26
study participants25
assistance programs25
periodontal disease25
coronavirus disease25
rhamnosus gg24
food program24
significantly increased24
cognitive decline24
clinical studies24
cohort study24
red meat24
controlled trials24
rich breakfast24
significantly lower24
food secure24
alcohol consumption23
nitric oxide23
significantly higher23
novel coronavirus23
logistic regression23
cck intervention22
metabolic syndrome22
skeletal muscle22
world health22
density lipoprotein22
gut microbiota22
income adults22
supplementary table22
severe acute22
viral replication22
increased consumption21
security status21
years old21
cancer cachexia21
based diet21
health organization21
disease mortality21
like receptor21
intensive care21
social distancing20
significant increase20
newly food20
national health20
health care20
inflammatory responses20
control groups20
protective effects20
cardiovascular risk20
higher adherence20
one participant20
intervention group20
delivery services20
mean age19
mass index19
free fatty19
significant reduction19
protein kinase19
snap participants19
assistance program19
reactive protein19
bone mineral19
necrosis factor19
heart failure19
syndrome coronavirus18
selenium status18
best practices18
rich breakfasts18
nutrition assistance18
per week18
critical illness18
healthy diet18
tumor necrosis18
heat treatment18
influenza infection18
food intake18
mammary secretions18
weight control18
test group18
randomized clinical17
results obtained17
supplemental nutrition17
bovine milk17
dwelling older17
beneficial effect17
open access17
brown adipose17
insulin sensitivity17
eating habits17
gastrointestinal tract17
coping strategies17
care food17
breast cancer17
serum vitamin17
statistical significance17
cytokine storm17
disease severity17
adult care17
odds ratio17
mental health17
colorectal cancer17
person grocery16
lipid metabolism16
type i16
grocery shopping16
small intestine16
low vitamin16
hdl cholesterol16
observational studies16
exposed group16
human milk16
centers reported16
health outcomes16
ssc patients16
focus groups16
passive immunity16
transcriptional activity16
informed consent16
clinical outcomes16
health benefits16
acute lung16
two groups16
milk products16
escherichia coli16
blood glucose16
spanish population16
benefit disruption16
plasma vitamin15
significantly reduced15
permissive underfeeding15
virus replication15
food supply15
cardiovascular diseases15
eicosapentaenoic acid15
food fortification15
higher prevalence15
one said15
government shutdown15
respiratory virus15
parathyroid hormone15
binding protein15
gained weight15
cancer prevention15
adverse effects15
sectional study15
total cholesterol15
side effects15
dose vitamin15
significant difference15
two weeks15
general population15
host cells15
postmenopausal women15
fast food15
higher risk15
reduce risk15
human health14
also significantly14
inflammatory effects14
signaling pathways14
inflammatory processes14
spanish confinement14
innate immunity14
national diabetes14
participants reported14
basic needs14
study showed14
respiratory infection14
adaptive immune14
care unit14
online survey14
influenza viruses14
cck program14
focus group14
items included14
food consumption14
physical inactivity14
available online14
virus infections14
bat activation13
antiviral effect13
commons attribution13
peripheral blood13
nicotinamide mononucleotide13
nad precursor13
nutrition education13
drug delivery13
bone loss13
physical exercise13
dietary behaviors13
hand washing13
meddiet adherence13
staple foods13
signaling pathway13
seasonal influenza13
several studies13
least one13
confidence interval13
curcumin supplementation13
dietary supplements13
food products13
stress levels13
higher odds13
partly due13
important role13
best practice13
snap benefit13
online food13
recent study13
lactobacillus rhamnosus13
standard deviation13
vitd deficiency13
higher levels13
study population13
access article13
mrna expression13
significantly decreased13
benefit levels13
anxiety depression13
common cold13
immunomodulatory effects13
skin involvement13
article distributed13
ldl cholesterol13
reduced risk13
respiratory diseases13
fried foods13
results showed13
hepatic steatosis13
creative commons13
clinical parameters13
acquired pneumonia13
serum se13
pre activated13
cell function13
infected cells13
tract infection13
also found13
rsv infection13
sugary cereals13
milk immunoglobulin12
fat diet12
intestinal barrier12
molecular mechanisms12
current study12
study cohort12
differences within12
sugary drinks12
inflammatory bowel12
ampk activation12
total serum12
axonal degeneration12
cacfp standards12
natural killer12
antiviral drugs12
normal ffas12
since covid12
fetal growth12
inflammatory gene12
cows immunized12
meal pattern12
infectious diseases12
heart disease12
bowel disease12
wide range12
streptococcus mutans12
regression models12
demographic characteristics12
house storage12
amino acids12
may contribute12
red blood12
fc receptor12
per year12
activated ampk12
effect sizes12
mineral density12
activated protein12
epithelial cell12
cardiac hypertrophy12
lifestyle changes12
chronic disease12
saturated fatty11
gpx activity11
household income11
updated cacfp11
glucose levels11
prospective study11
lipid profile11
evidence suggests11
grade inflammation11
among people11
oxygen species11
one study11
people living11
inflammatory genes11
inflammatory mediators11
secondary school11
antimicrobial peptide11
high prevalence11
may provide11
increased expression11
nad synthesis11
monounsaturated fatty11
see supplementary11
selenop concentrations11
adenine dinucleotide11
food delivery11
periodontal treatment11
cytokine production11
dietary behaviours11
social isolation11
liquid chromatography11
health status11
intestinal epithelial11
healthy adults11
food sources11
another study11
periodontal inflammation11
significantly associated11
parenteral nutrition11
immunoglobulin concentrate11
animal models11
tobacco smoke11
poly i11
growth factors11
adult population11
increase nad11
cognitive impairment11
blood samples11
chinese residents11
based survey11
grocery stores11
factors associated11
regression analysis11
th cells11
oral administration11
significant effect11
dna damage11
screen time11
vitro studies11
docosahexaenoic acid11
systemic sclerosis10
aged years10
human cathelicidin10
performed using10
age groups10
bovine igg10
head start10
breast milk10
nad content10
blood pressure10
severe covid10
plasma levels10
nicotinic acid10
global burden10
cell death10
flavored milk10
gestational diabetes10
probiotic strains10
cancer cells10
nad precursors10
hospitalized patients10
patients undergoing10
dietary reference10
food pantries10
study demonstrated10
risk groups10
among patients10
viral respiratory10
clinical evidence10
rhinovirus infection10
fold increase10
adaptive immunity10
orally administered10
participant said10
reactive oxygen10
environmental tobacco10
gut microbiome10
diet quality10
data indicate10
health effects10
updated standards10
inclusion criteria10
higher vitamin10
relatively low10
broussonetia papyrifera10
antiviral immune10
school students10
increased intake10
european countries10
socioeconomic status10
dietary recommendations10
periodontal diseases10
chronic periodontitis10
peer review10
based foods10
kg body10
glucose tolerance10
potential therapeutic10
choice questionnaire10
study conducted10
respondents declared10
nuclear factor10
insecurity since10
los angeles10
health expenditure10
high food10
processed meat10
neonatal fc10
baseline survey10
fried food10
pilot study10
colon cancer10
cognitive function10
chronic inflammation10
linolenic acid10
authors showed9
young children9
older patients9
randomized trial9
health system9
myocardial infarction9
lung cancer9
first study9
increased production9
standard feeding9
challenges related9
torres strait9
among older9
perceived barriers9
healthy foods9
host immune9
ethics committee9
probiotic bacteria9
many participants9
studies suggest9
bovine immunoglobulin9
chain fatty9
home confinement9
systematic reviews9
based study9
covidiet study9
nad metabolism9
protective role9
recent meta9
intestinal lumen9
inverse correlation9
food ordering9
reported experiencing9
nmrk pathway9
cu status9
cancer incidence9
blood mononuclear9
lamina propria9
fat intake9
mouse models9
fresh fish9
health systems9
staphylococcus aureus9
mononuclear cells9
genetic variants9
severe disease9
tooth loss9
alcoholic beverages9
dietary intakes9
patients received9
donkey milk9
dna repair9
obese mice9
participants described9
four groups9
times per9
strait islander9
surgical periodontal9
normal individuals9
survey results9
normally distributed9
factors influencing9
research team9
acid oxidation9
physical performance9
also increased9
countries show9
dietary supplementation9
daily intake9
inflammatory markers9
sun exposure9
marginal food9
kg day9
stranded rna9
antiviral properties9
whether pre9
sleep quality9
taken together9
observational study9
risk individuals9
cell culture9
higher intake9
bovine mammary9
homemade pastries9
pregnant women9
oxide synthase9
vegetable intake9
affect vitamin9
processed meats9
cell responses9
enough food9
supplementary materials9
dietary intervention9
bioactive compounds9
also associated9
polish adolescents9
diabetes plan9
getting food9
czech republic9
dietary vitamin9
levels nmol9
sufficient vitamin9
functioning immune9
growth factor9
income countries9
spanish adult9
crucial role8
acid supplementation8
lower respiratory8
us adults8
multivariable logistic8
lactic acid8
eating less8
frailty score8
decreased expression8
pregnant mice8
individual participant8
lipoprotein subfractions8
much higher8
child care8
pulsed electric8
social media8
te status8
income households8
lockdown period8
author contributions8
superoxide dismutase8
group differences8
behavior change8
arachidonic acid8
also observed8
metabolic diseases8
average score8
medical admissions8
stress response8
food stamps8
extra money8
prospective cohort8
data showed8
mhc class8
randomised controlled8
glycosyl group8
structural protein8
quercetin glycoside8
crp levels8
mild cognitive8
potential benefits8
nicotinamide adenine8
published version8
blood levels8
general practitioners8
depressive symptoms8
low adherence8
safety net8
older individuals8
antioxidant properties8
medical conditions8
food items8
treated group8
high levels8
air pollution8
adults aged8
prevent acute8
stage iii8
among cancer8
statistical analysis8
recent studies8
mortality rates8
also reported8
human body8
dairy cows8
organ failure8
studied within8
fold odds8
clinical practice8
chronic obstructive8
pattern standards8
normal range8
inflammatory cells8
narrative review8
healthy food8
important factor8
recent review8
meal patterns8
viral rtis8
see table8
nr effects8
six months8
cold exposure8
iu day8
balanced diet8
outbreak confinement8
human subjects8
among adults8
effect size8
may influence8
odds ratios8
dengue virus8
high costs8
vegetable consumption8
social services8
moderate exercise8
milk immunoglobulins8
arterial hypertension8
working group8
blood cell8
centers reporting8
study also8
controlled clinical8
inflammatory cytokine8
nr supplementation8
distancing measures8
available data8
white meat8
access challenges8
caloric restriction8
online ordering8
reference intakes8
study group8
recommended dietary8
pulmonary disease8
obstructive pulmonary8
antioxidant activity8
demographic variables8
respondents experiencing8
body composition8
cause mortality8
cell lines8
pulmonary arterial8
small dense8
even though8
health behaviours8
disease control8
related complications8
square test8
oily fish8
nad depletion8
adolescents studied8
patients receiving8
identified based8
dietary pattern8
respiratory viral8
transcription factors8
rural areas8
human intestinal8
cholesterol levels8
participant data8
mortality risk7
dietary fat7
year period7
nutritional assessment7
mast cells7
regulatory factor7
significant decrease7
selenium supplementation7
new zealand7
serum igg7
study revealed7
dietary sources7
time spent7
cognitive health7
influenza vaccine7
activating ampk7
randomly assigned7
educational level7
response rate7
measured using7
se deficit7
buy food7
inflammatory properties7
experimental rhinovirus7
thermoneutral conditions7
cancer mortality7
high school7
antiviral efficacy7
pressure processing7
inflammatory signaling7
hip fracture7
mechanical ventilation7
binding activity7
future research7
dietary changes7
dose omega7
middle east7
positive effect7
mg epa7
cell proliferation7
mainly due7
pivotal role7
among women7
reported anxiety7
nervous system7
customer service7
secure households7
ece centers7
positive effects7
naturally occurring7
noncommunicable diseases7
lipid mediators7
grain products7
elderly people7
calfresh ebt7
nk cells7
respiratory epithelial7
serum ffas7
full model7
ampk phosphorylation7
cell differentiation7
statistical differences7
hiv reverse7
clinical characteristics7
lung inflammation7
preclinical studies7
included participants7
updated meal7
high adherence7
white adipose7
inflammatory il7
oral health7
national diet7
cancer risk7
curcumin treatment7
elevated crp7
greater risk7
insecurity among7
plasma lipid7
previous study7
significant improvement7
tissue damage7
evaluate whether7
high risk7
survey respondents7
united kingdom7
lower incidence7
inversely correlated7
dietary patterns7
studied population7
decreased physical7
cancer treatment7
well established7
standard errors7
disease onset7
surgical treatment7
density lipoproteins7
security group7
dense ldl7
continuous variables7
delivery strategies7
viral proteins7
well known7
decreased consumption7
autoimmune diseases7
quercetin intake7
experiencing household7
handgrip strength7
diversity score7
antibacterial agent7
systematic analysis7
therapeutic effects7
nutrition survey7
several limitations7
transcription factor7
coronavirus pandemic7
study found7
printed materials7
waist circumference7
among low7
total number7
wound healing7
may occur7
youngest respondents7
cardiovascular events7
recent years7
education program7
clinical course7
salivary samples7
viral genome7
temporary residents7
also may7
postbiotics may7
serum levels7
disease study7
delivery systems7
consumption habits7
independently associated7
acid composition7
antimicrobial peptides7
increased snacking7
cohort studies7
inflammatory biomarkers7
status biomarkers7
mammary epithelial7
applied fcq7
may reduce7
cell line7
confidence intervals7
cell types7
lower intake7
clinical nutrition7
inflammatory effect7
six weeks7
fresh fruit7
plasma lipoproteins7
reverse transcriptase7
clinical study7
like receptors7
disease risk7
bone resorption7
system function7
protective effect7
invasive ventilation7
th differentiation6
i ifns6
methods used6
coronary artery6
many studies6
personal data6
marker genes6
among respondents6
selenoprotein biosynthesis6
se deficiency6
biologically active6
adjusted models6
including influenza6
communicable diseases6
considered statistically6
table shows6
healthy individuals6
nad biosynthesis6
functional food6
different breakfasts6
participants talked6
mediated pro6
atherogenic coefficient6
peroxisome proliferator6
significant association6
data derive6
categorical variables6
secondary schools6
eight weeks6
free mass6
intestinal mucosa6
intestinal absorption6
rna viruses6
fatality rates6
failing heart6
including covid6
elderly subjects6
increased alcohol6
working adults6
antioxidant enzymes6
diversity among6
participants said6
cold exposed6
dose aspirin6
airway epithelial6
may result6
various phytochemicals6
glucose uptake6
glutathione peroxidase6
increased ampk6
also showed6
cytokines chemokines6
body fat6
probiotic lactobacillus6
control subjects6
antiviral mechanisms6
emergency food6
patients displayed6
osteoporotic fractures6
isolation time6
antiviral response6
large number6
likely due6
atopic dermatitis6
older women6
adverse outcomes6
alveolar bone6
secretory iga6
standard ons6
zinc deficiency6
almost half6
snowball sampling6
rat model6
mg dha6
selenoprotein expression6
enough money6
healthy lifestyle6
sick days6
survey conducted6
induced expression6
inflammatory activity6
eating patterns6
factors may6
lactobacillus acidophilus6
results demonstrated6
intestinal microbiota6
wallis test6
lifestyle approaches6
caffeic acid6
significant relationship6
external funding6
among high6
antioxidant capacity6
solar uvb6
lactobacillus casei6
respondents reported6
srp alone6
questions regarding6
exercise training6
fortified foods6
compromised immune6
igg concentrations6
healthy controls6
significantly suppressed6
fed mice6
food groups6
total mna6
tasmanian population6
trial effects6
vitd metabolism6
highest concentration6
food group6
fold higher6
studies indicate6
uvb doses6
patients suffering6
therapeutic potential6
skim milk6
european prospective6
hospital admission6
plasma concentrations6
lactobacillus plantarum6
healthy men6
sanitiser use6
weight changes6
disrupted eating6
also play6
human respiratory6
enhanced oxidative6
increasing age6
ethical concern6
human nutrition6
missing data6
winter months6
mortality trend6
worth noting6
fatty liver6
whole grain6
trace elements6
adequate supply6
statistical analyses6
white americans6
regression model6
tissue inflammation6
lactobacillus strains6
cancer diagnosis6
may lead6
study reported6
root bark6
severe food6
multivariate logistic6
optimal vitamin6
secretory component6
mechanisms underlying6
zinc supplementation6
snap program6
higher rates6
obesity unit6
terminal domain6
national sample6
evidence indicates6
studies showed6
rich foods6
job loss6
cu se6
oral hygiene6
four focus6
dairy cattle6
three groups6
via online6
amino acid6
agent use6
metabolic status6
meals per6
rotavirus infection6
positive changes6
never serving6
bovine immune6
selenium deficiency6
represents differences6
obtaining food6
cell membrane6
replacement therapy6
serum concentrations6
specific factors6
chronic inflammatory6
health nutr6
gasseri sbt6
cells infected6
diet adherence6
person cck6
energy expenditure6
hubei province6
public transport6
increased mortality6
demographic factors6
sirt activation6
group compared6
sectional survey6
rheumatoid arthritis6
lymph nodes6
muscle health6
therapeutic target6
related pah6
among participants6
lactobacillus paracasei6
term effects6
central nervous6
systemic inflammatory6
increased weight6
lipoteichoic acid6
endocrine society6
security groups6
indicated concentration6
staff opposition6
cell activity6
linear regression6
direct effect6
induced inflammatory6
adjusted odds6
tested whether6
nutritional habits6
obese adipose6
mucosal immune6
mainland china6
healthy volunteers6
washing antibacterial6
electric fields6
significantly greater6
muscle strength6
insecure adults6
main meals6
large proportion6
closely related6
might also6
european society6
healthy older6
respiratory failure6
i ifn6
cacfp meal6
negative effect6
nutrition examination6
important factors6
provide protection6
less important6
may affect6
active site6
multiple sclerosis6
people aged6
currently available6
current status6
cp selenop6
protein expression6
three biomarkers6
oxidative damage6
stress level6
environmental factors6
lung axis6
passive immunization6
oral bioavailability6
lower prevalence6
spanish adults6
host cell6
confidence level6
pulmonary hypertension6
human rotavirus6
independent community6
written informed6
day human6
inducible nitric6
adequate vitamin6
human bocavirus6
potential health6
clinical outcome6
online questionnaire6
renal replacement6
dry period6
immune modulating6
chain omega6
transgenic mice6
response relationship6
elderly women6
specific mortality6
cell activation5
higher proportion5
spinal cord5
protein concentrate5
present work5
lower education5
reviewed elsewhere5
possible answers5
high consumption5
japanese women5
bovine immunoglobulins5
fish consumption5
streptococcus thermophilus5
marginally food5
common respiratory5
biological effects5
volumetric dilution5
data regarding5
pre treatment5
mice models5
hdds among5
additional benefits5
risk reduction5
igg content5
centers met5
fc binding5
participant described5
possible role5
early effects5
mediated via5
negative impact5
hand sanitiser5
pleiotropic effects5
health policy5
transport across5
esther study5
daily living5
numerous studies5
antiviral activities5
recognition receptors5
severe respiratory5
seven days5
may help5
human disease5
fortified milk5
cardiac function5
organ dysfunction5
pattern recognition5
reduced incidence5
one week5
employment status5
food systems5
participants completed5
antiviral agents5
results indicate5
human monocytes5
sars coronavirus5
natural vitamin5
mitochondrial biogenesis5
significant effects5
nutritional support5
enterotoxigenic escherichia5
cytokine release5
university education5
obese individuals5
potential mechanism5
free radic5
periodontal clinic5
neurodegenerative disorders5
disease course5
hyperimmunized cows5
health consequences5
negatively affect5
virus activity5
factor kappa5
analyzed using5
sanitising solutions5
current evidence5
significant increases5
authors hypothesized5
immune exclusion5
systemic inflammation5
immunoglobulin receptor5
past days5
daily meals5
never married5
microbiota composition5
human immunodeficiency5
unemployment benefits5
therapeutic applications5
federal government5
selenop levels5
lifestyle behaviors5
written consent5
nad intermediates5
smoking status5
serving whole5
economic barriers5
study aimed5
adhesion molecules5
therapeutic use5
infected mice5
postbiotics include5
coronavirus infection5
immunized cows5
antiviral drug5
periodontal healing5
assessed using5
lipid peroxidation5
exposed individuals5
two meals5
national survey5
nearly one5
low physical5
government assistance5
interferon regulatory5
participants provided5
icu stay5
diabetes registries5
serum cu5
effective date5
green tea5
adherence levels5
regression analyses5
dependent mechanism5
risk subjects5
hospital stay5
experimental autoimmune5
squared tests5
reported implementation5
adult humans5
lipogenic genes5
microbiome composition5
food pantry5
viral enzyme5
inflammatory diseases5
cell wall5
status may5
hg exposure5
natural content5
various respiratory5
improve glucose5
italian survey5
benefit issuance5
salty snacks5
fresh vegetables5
important roles5
global perspective5
passive transfer5
nutrient intake5
purchase food5
beta cells5
pathways involved5
liver weight5
microbial inactivation5
patients treated5
whey proteins5
food accessibility5
government support5
acetylsalicylic acid5
stem cells5
immune protection5
immune systems5
health risks5
immune regulation5
specific items5
health survey5
therapeutic strategies5
risk populations5
large population5
hip circumference5
survey completion5
infectious disease5
sampling method5
plant sources5
detail elsewhere5
metabolic disorders5
reported challenges5
several times5
brown adipocytes5
higher mortality5
significant higher5
review board5
disease prevention5
fat ingested5
mice showed5
one third5
oleic acid5
loss program5
inflammatory status5
cytokine secretion5
young adults5
previous report5
simplex virus5
live microorganisms5
participants recommended5
financial support5
total rna5
lcpufa status5
also used5
also known5
research received5
disease progression5
leaving shops5
life expectancy5
viral clearance5
people without5
nutritional behaviors5
pth concentrations5
income settings5
treatment response5
scutellaria baicalensis5
mass spectrometry5
among chinese5
nutritional recommendations5
item food5
associated factors5
oxide production5
immunodeficiency virus5
examination survey5
higher bmi5
unadjusted models5
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