bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram frequency
hand hygiene1054
infection control202
health care191
hand washing183
intensive care166
systematic review147
healthcare workers137
based hand134
care unit117
central venous109
public health95
staphylococcus aureus84
patient care77
hand sanitizers75
neonatal intensive74
hygiene compliance74
hygiene practice70
blood group69
plastic surgery69
hygiene practices68
infection risk63
nosocomial infection63
venous catheters60
hand sanitizer59
hand rub57
bloodstream infection56
infection prevention56
resistant staphylococcus55
united states55
diabetes mellitus54
hand disinfection53
personal responsibility52
hygiene promotion51
care workers50
urinary tract50
log reduction48
young children47
world health46
surgical hand45
bloodstream infections45
hand contamination44
birth weight43
risk factors43
care units42
insertion site42
controlled trial41
care settings41
acute respiratory41
tract infections40
protective equipment39
total number39
infection rates39
systematic reviews39
nosocomial infections39
health organization39
hand sanitisers39
respiratory syndrome38
left hand38
doc id38
cord uid38
patient safety38
related bloodstream37
blood bunch37
blood groups37
control practices36
performance feedback36
social media35
pseudomonas aeruginosa34
infectious disease34
hong kong34
sodium hypochlorite33
infectious diseases33
improve hand33
severe acute31
venous catheter31
personal protective31
proper hand31
barrier precautions31
associated infections31
intervention studies30
hand rubs30
urethral catheters29
indwelling urethral28
liquid soap28
patient contact28
quality improvement28
hand decontamination27
hospital infection27
improving hand27
venous access27
term indwelling27
wash hands26
respiratory tract26
finger ridge26
primary research26
catheter insertion26
parenteral nutrition26
enveloped viruses26
escherichia coli26
fingerprint patterns25
increased risk25
aseptic technique25
hygiene procedures25
breast milk25
glove use25
advisory committee24
urinary catheters24
hand eczema24
randomised controlled24
effective hand24
right hand24
practices advisory23
infections associated23
contaminated hands23
hand antisepsis23
washing hands23
direct contact23
developing countries23
missed areas23
plastic surgeons22
hand trauma22
type diabetes22
good hand22
hypochlorite bleach22
disease control22
personal hygiene22
mucous membranes22
hygiene guidelines22
adverse effects22
body fluids22
among healthcare22
hygiene education22
blood gathering21
catheter colonisation21
calcium binding21
granted medrxiv21
author funder21
related infections21
ca binding21
time series21
risk assessment21
prospective study21
antimicrobial agents20
serratia marcescens20
microbial contamination20
interrupted time20
tract infection20
hygiene behaviour20
critically ill20
review questions20
diabetic patients20
ivad use20
skin care20
home hygiene20
fifth guy20
dear sir19
contact surfaces19
antimicrobial activity19
environmental surfaces19
contaminated surfaces19
standard precautions19
task force19
handwashing campaigns19
hand sanitiser19
auf die19
associated urinary19
infection transmission19
hydrogen peroxide19
united kingdom19
intravascular catheter19
contact dermatitis19
copyright holder18
posted may18
disease transmission18
antimicrobial resistance18
female patients18
environmental contamination18
made available18
related complications18
low birth18
version posted18
care centers18
access device18
prospective cohort18
hygienic hand18
patient rooms18
image processing18
novel coronavirus18
one study18
randomized controlled18
cohort study18
healthcare infection17
care providers17
healthcare settings17
chlorhexidine gluconate17
bacterial contamination17
intravascular catheters17
blood type17
visibly soiled17
coronavirus disease17
droplet nuclei17
risk factor16
best practice16
two groups16
via hands16
become contaminated16
und die16
nosocomial transmission16
food preparation16
sterile gloves16
ridge tally16
household members16
skin irritation16
drug administration16
contamination events16
health impact16
anesthesia providers16
binding sites16
rheumatoid joint16
two hands15
hand wash15
clinical practice15
internal jugular15
virucidal activity15
tip colonisation15
inanimate surfaces15
veterinary hospitals15
per catheter15
gi illness15
control measures15
per hour15
associated infection15
recent study15
home environment15
chemical disinfectants15
right now15
line removal15
authors concluded15
respiratory infections15
respiratory syncytial15
premature line15
critically appraised15
clostridium difficile15
catheter tip15
associated pneumonia15
airborne transmission15
infectious agents15
including phlebitis15
less effective15
isopropyl alcohol15
urethral catheter15
hand drying15
hospitalized patients15
day care15
public engagement15
intravascular access14
wound healing14
guided nudging14
mellitus patients14
two hand14
may also14
urinary drainage14
driven performance14
even though14
care facilities14
running water14
general public14
behavior change14
soft tissue14
hand rubbing14
clinical trial14
clinically indicated14
safer sharps14
contact precautions14
sharps injuries14
related infection14
test method14
healthcare providers14
per patient14
teaching hospital14
global handwashing14
international license14
bei der14
hand disinfectants14
surgical site14
administration sets14
person transmission14
msb precautions14
hospital environment14
another study14
hospital personnel14
pediatric patients14
critical appraisal14
grafting approach13
per year13
hand disinfectant13
north america13
controlled trials13
significant difference13
based products13
safer care13
hand contact13
developed countries13
needlestick injuries13
potentially contaminated13
statistically significant13
cross contamination13
respiratory infection13
ed one13
healthcare worker13
fingerprint pattern13
safety devices13
multimodal strategy13
face masks13
syncytial virus13
peripheral venous13
contact time13
access devices13
hygiene task13
illness etiquette13
commonly used13
authors declare13
joint pain13
patients contrasted13
frequent hand13
hand cleansing13
randomized trial13
least one13
bloodborne pathogens13
community settings12
hand surgery12
sharps devices12
ridge include12
evidence base12
urinary catheter12
examination gloves12
based handrub12
mean estimations12
immune system12
expert opinion12
elementary school12
food contact12
alcohol hand12
peer review12
acquired infections12
skin damage12
gastrointestinal tract12
acute care12
lumen catheters12
der compliance12
hand dermatitis12
handwashing day12
invasive devices12
observational study12
high risk12
age group12
hands must12
clean care12
international guidelines12
may include12
ulnar loop12
cfu ml12
medical students12
also found11
insertion sites11
nonintact skin11
male patients11
hygiene products11
poor hand11
complications including11
left hands11
rt infections11
appropriate use11
experimental studies11
breast reconstruction11
hand gels11
prevent catheter11
journal club11
medical gloves11
blood typing11
among children11
additional evidence11
binding proteins11
dermatoglyphic patterns11
pathogenic microorganisms11
apic idsa11
reducing transmission11
standard deviation11
processing techniques11
data collection11
family member11
infection rate11
health protection11
operating room11
direct patient11
shea apic11
silver sulfadiazine11
female diabetics11
surgical procedures11
study conducted11
hygiene among11
microbiologic data11
safe use11
hygiene behavior11
peripherally inserted11
herpes simplex11
guideline development11
based guidelines11
family members11
eye protection11
health service11
drainage bag11
currently available11
percutaneous injury11
causal link11
hygiene program11
see table11
intact skin11
healthcare professionals11
catheter hub11
drainage system11
negative bacteria10
fracture fixation10
controlled study10
binding protein10
hospital setting10
data suggest10
hand therapy10
rheumatoid arthritis10
products containing10
invasive procedures10
based formulations10
cant difference10
syndrome coronavirus10
pathogen transmission10
full text10
alcohol gel10
perform hand10
recommended hand10
randomised trial10
educational interventions10
large numbers10
single use10
resistant bacteria10
physical contact10
control departments10
bfifth guy10
times per10
sanitizer products10
influenza virus10
control gathering10
dressing changes10
potentially infectious10
supplementary material10
candida species10
idsa hand10
nicu setting10
prevent transmission10
infected person10
close contact10
human blood10
autofluorescence imaging10
indirect contact10
gloves must10
child care10
reconstructive surgery10
viral infections10
hospital settings10
blood types10
ulnar loops10
stigmatizing rhetoric10
im rahmen10
robert koch10
mechanical ventilation10
isolation unit9
gastrointestinal infections9
type ii9
study design9
may occur9
whorl pattern9
risk reduction9
normal saline9
surface disinfection9
healthcare practitioners9
promote hand9
among health9
hospital staff9
binding loop9
paper towels9
cochrane review9
antibacterial activity9
clinical care9
fat pad9
preterm infants9
one rct9
drainage bags9
von hautschutz9
und der9
school children9
antimicrobial soap9
resistant enterococci9
neural network9
effective handwashing9
health agencies9
gi pathogens9
global patient9
healthcare associated9
ill patients9
hygiene opportunities9
hygiene agents9
control group9
total parenteral9
site infections9
hicpac shea9
intervention study9
safety challenge9
advisory group9
nonenveloped viruses9
rt illness9
cdc recommends9
waterless hand9
peripheral intravenous9
primary care9
literature review9
normal daily9
trauma service9
comparative study9
isolation precautions9
working rooms9
skin flora9
recent years9
cohort studies9
sars outbreak9
handwashing technique9
daily activities9
sponge dressings9
like hypertension9
correct hand9
social distancing9
healthcare systems9
compliance rate9
ist die9
observational studies9
rights reserved9
respiratory viruses9
studies conducted9
ground beef9
risks associated9
american society9
several studies9
catheter site9
sexual orientation9
extrinsic contamination9
webinar series9
antimicrobial prophylaxis9
outbreak associated8
inserted central8
conformational change8
hand preparation8
hospital care8
described primary8
hygiene recommendations8
mit der8
may become8
chemical disinfection8
artificial nails8
door handles8
atd point8
vascular catheter8
enhanced cleaning8
common clinical8
artificial fingernails8
frequent handwashing8
previous studies8
ed three8
hautschutz und8
rh blood8
klebsiella pneumoniae8
surgical glove8
verbesserung der8
diabetic gathering8
individual performance8
infection associated8
feline calicivirus8
evidence suggests8
atopic dermatitis8
antiseptic hand8
plastic surgeon8
ethanolic content8
qualitative study8
isolation protocols8
associated bacteriuria8
atd edge8
skin protection8
sharps injury8
washed hands8
cleaning cloths8
simplex virus8
per day8
mechanical complications8
titanium dioxide8
prompted hand8
medrxiv preprint8
care setting8
whilst updating8
loop whorl8
finger pads8
paper towel8
may result8
routine use8
infectious gi8
indwelling urinary8
hygiene interventions8
transmission via8
high levels8
durch die8
preventing catheter8
studies suggest8
clean hands8
povidone iodine8
log reductions8
one person8
type diabetic8
work area8
drying methods8
system interventions8
automated hand8
hand cream8
negative staphylococci8
success rate8
id transmission8
injuries among8
different hand8
premature infants8
reduce catheter8
hygiene regimens8
different types8
improved hand8
vivo panel8
neonatal unit8
also used8
gi infections8
nosocomial bloodstream8
healthcare facilities8
cleaning practices8
rt illnesses8
bacterial transmission8
bone dust8
tertiary care8
sars coronavirus8
infections per8
british association8
indikationen zur8
clinical diseases8
spread via8
trauma clinic8
may lead8
constitutive rhetoric8
binding affinities8
among patients8
based studies7
practices among7
reusable respirators7
resistant enterococcus7
alcohol solution7
control program7
flanking helices7
time spent7
significant reduction7
impregnated catheters7
inclusion criteria7
protective clothing7
compliance der7
fingerprint design7
informs one7
nhs trust7
appraisers using7
development advisory7
included studies7
epoc criteria7
promoting hand7
contaminated food7
antimicrobial soaps7
respiratory protective7
enterobacter cloacae7
risk associated7
results showed7
adverse events7
test methods7
supporting evidence7
der op7
staff members7
finger impression7
catheter placement7
demographic data7
less time7
improve compliance7
foodborne disease7
aseptic procedures7
success rates7
senior management7
antibiotic resistance7
care nursery7
individual behavior7
fingertip patterns7
hospital environmental7
adenovirus type7
study reported7
dass die7
widely used7
ridge check7
hygiene performance7
hygiene habits7
zu beachten7
cluster randomised7
inform one7
machine learning7
using emojis7
infected patients7
less likely7
maternally acquired7
canonical ef7
data feedback7
domestic environment7
respiratory droplets7
surgical face7
binding properties7
higher frequency7
antimicrobial effect7
nosocomial pneumonia7
timely removal7
impregnated central7
indwelling catheters7
intravenous therapy7
three studies7
respiratory illness7
raw meat7
der haut7
upper rt7
human medicine7
clinical staff7
metal binding7
intravenous catheters7
medical devices7
bacterial counts7
general population7
binding affinity7
allergic contact7
kong people7
sift criteria7
studies selected7
health humanities7
antiviral activity7
rhinovirus colds7
royal college7
higher risk7
auf den7
practice hand7
events per7
contamination may7
body fluid7
stop orders7
hand proteins7
disinfectant spray7
main hospital7
handwashing facilities7
infect control7
bacterial pathogens7
abstract indicates7
spina bifida7
stratum corneum7
will also7
warm air7
mycobacterium tuberculosis7
significantly higher7
catheter days7
mucous membrane7
washing technique7
healthcare environment7
compliance rates7
guideline recommendations7
child health7
wound infections7
skin cancer7
gestational age7
practice guidelines7
breast pumps7
articles retrieved7
allergic reactions7
pathogens via7
hands may7
clinical areas7
time period7
two appraisers7
fingerprint picture7
independently critically7
study designs7
wearing gloves7
artery catheters7
barrier protection7
resistant organisms7
ar leaflets7
organic material7
multicenter study7
using sign7
diseases like7
skin cleansing7
well established7
percutaneous injuries7
less frequently7
based approach7
outbreak situations7
blood pressure7
mass index7
central catheter7
weight infants7
new york7
rub formulations7
waste management7
hand motifs7
spectrum antimicrobial7
airborne precautions7
toward hand7
online version7
widely recognized7
silver alloy7
regarding hand7
previous systematic7
health services7
direct observation7
printed hand7
abo blood7
wide range7
health authorities6
artificially contaminated6
surgical masks6
index case6
operating theatres6
multidisciplinary approach6
improve clarity6
rate ratio6
human milk6
quality whilst6
commonly missed6
mit dem6
protective gloves6
appraised evidence6
allowed without6
reuse allowed6
ist eine6
poor compliance6
sind die6
study using6
catheter care6
reducing hand6
best critically6
hand ca6
role modelling6
new public6
without permission6
potential risk6
bloodborne viruses6
benzalkonium chloride6
higher levels6
plain soap6
depth interviews6
human immunodeficiency6
polyurethane dressings6
care provider6
das tragen6
catheterrelated infections6
process evaluation6
university students6
ivad administration6
crossover study6
one systematic6
krankenhaushygiene und6
local guidelines6
tunnelled cvcs6
visibly dirty6
maximal sterile6
lower respiratory6
low cost6
hygienic handwash6
guidelines recommend6
susceptible individuals6
die indikationen6
sanitizer use6
good hygiene6
marcescens outbreak6
surgical training6
und hautpflege6
compliance among6
positive bacteria6
detailed procedural6
patients requiring6
hot water6
underlying illness6
surveillance system6
procedural protocols6
body site6
hand calcium6
viral respiratory6
domestic kitchen6
desinfektionsmittel und6
symptomatic transmission6
gi infection6
effective method6
communicable disease6
using image6
control department6
sterile barrier6
medical center6
patient environment6
sharp instruments6
professional education6
nice guidelines6
unique mark6
molecular epidemiology6
medical records6
literature search6
infection due6
removing bacteria6
remain suspended6
local anaesthesia6
key factors6
ist das6
explicitly linked6
ed two6
national health6
catheter colonization6
significant differences6
hand loop6
acceptable quality6
virus transfer6
one report6
cytomegalovirus infection6
evidence explicitly6
contact isolation6
positive blood6
commercially available6
hand gel6
health education6
tap water6
analysis including6
current national6
viral load6
postoperative infections6
perinatal guidelines6
newborn infants6
preventing infections6
quaternary ammonium6
adult patients6
clinical environment6
bacterial load6
university hospital6
lower limb6
recognizable proof6
focus groups6
care must6
global public6
successful criteria6
improvement efforts6
american academy6
cross infection6
hygiene improvement6
cover gowns6
information leaflets6
high recurrence6
using abhs6
twofold loop6
control bunch6
vascular access6
gi disease6
catheterrelated bloodstream6
prevalence survey6
foodborne outbreaks6
chlorhexidine resistance6
control study6
sani nudge6
national guidelines6
highly effective6
study also6
care professionals6
mit einem6
skin contamination6
preventing healthcare6
parented alimentation6
viral particles6
frequent use6
hospitalised patients6
negative bacilli6
urethral trauma6
hygiene system6
control director6
evidence currently6
alcohol content6
immunodeficiency virus6
british society6
protection agency6
containing ethanol6
occupational safety6
also known6
der chirurgischen6
incidence rate6
risk management6
thrombus formation6
predict blood6
formulation aspects6
disease outbreaks6
droplet precautions6
qualitative research6
virucidal efficacy6
skin antisepsis6
alcohol based6
pulmonary tuberculosis6
ca affinity6
level education6
improving adherence6
body mass6
nosocomial pathogens6
water temperature6
study found6
time intervals6
natural rubber6
coronary illness6
may cause6
operative time6
term catheterisation6
surgical internees6
die anzahl6
potential infection6
rubber latex6
monitoring system6
skin dryness6
laboratory studies6
hygiene protocols6
cluster rct6
hygiene campaign6
hygiene plans6
spectrum beta6
nosocomial respiratory6
hands frequently6
contact transmission6
clinical signs6
national hand6
hygiene monitoring6
public awareness6
pathogenic organisms6
hand coverage6
tragen von6
infants born6
skin infections6
critical care6
cutaneous antisepsis6
care equipment6
feature extraction6
provided evidence6
study demonstrated6
care hospital6
articles located6
patient information6
first global6
mouth transfer5
based sanitizers5
increased hand5
protective measures5
group performance5
significantly improved5
catheter sepsis5
enterobacter species5
surgery registrars5
bacterial hand5
will help5
hygiene facilities5
related bacteremia5
previously described5
active ingredient5
deep neural5
rotavirus infection5
studies used5
perinatal care5
authors suggested5
plastic aprons5
east respiratory5
fatty acids5
hygiene policies5
antibiotic prophylaxis5
studies using5
urinary retention5
large proportion5
ra gathering5
economic evaluation5
newborn nursery5
current study5
microbial colonization5
household member5
broad spectrum5
intravascular devices5
hand washes5
hygienic handrub5
occupational exposure5
lipid membrane5
pediatric intensive5
fingerprint minutiae5
barrier function5
preventing transmission5
published maps5
gi illnesses5
bsi per5
control doi5
regular basis5
general practice5
ist ein5
surveillance data5
total viable5
bacterial growth5
care center5
der hand5
von den5
effective infection5
diabetic females5
potential pathogens5
every days5
washing schemes5
exposure prophylaxis5
der indikationen5
health doi5
also included5
literature shows5
distinguishing proof5
id risks5
elective surgery5
may contribute5
pattern among5
international scientific5
occupational health5
national institute5
reduce infection5
food handling5
transmission within5
der kommission5
based solutions5
skin graft5
behavioural considerations5
children aged5
panel tests5
surgical gloves5
sample size5
hospital hygiene5
viable cell5
host protein5
catheter type5
healthcare epidemiology5
barrier items5
readily available5
cause infection5
water alone5
minutiae patterns5
skin contact5
cumulative probability5
upper extremity5
institutional affiliations5
comprehensive strategy5
hand wipes5
skin barrier5
medical device5
ridge includes5
term cvcs5
din en5
related sepsis5
die wirksamkeit5
factors associated5
ar patient5
standard principles5
care products5
hand contrasted5
google scholar5
middle east5
rti consultation5
sift full5
contamination rate5
nicu patients5
universal precautions5
vor dem5
contamination via5
cant reduction5
point prevalence5
least three5
patients experiencing5
der hygienischen5
hypertrophic pyloric5
responsibility may5
less common5
hospital surfaces5
injury prevention5
decision making5
handwashing song5
group identification5
saudi arabia5
transparent polyurethane5
broviac catheters5
correct time5
national surveillance5
antimicrobial therapy5
among diabetic5
cile infection5
participants washed5
vitality reduction5
infections surveillance5
antimicrobial agent5
diagnostic tool5
health effects5
paediatric patients5
trend towards5
domestic animals5
handwashing practices5
frequently used5
although hand5
abhs use5
low risk5
clean water5
umbilical artery5
reduced risk5
contaminated items5
care centres5
personal communication5
arterial catheters5
global pandemic5
human hospitals5
second systematic5
face mask5
control staff5
handling food5
whenever possible5
hand lotion5
two rcts5
distinct interventions5
financial support5
infant formula5
intraoperative bacterial5
remains neutral5
studies accepted5
wound care5
among nurses5
individual bodies5
ridge count5
surgery trauma5
items used5
studies rejected5
urinary catheterization5
every patient5
noteworthy contrast5
handwashing program5
bladder scanners5
slide test5
environmental hygiene5
available evidence5
damaged skin5
least normal5
bacterial strains5
enteric viruses5
wirksamkeit der5
ridge ending5
washing frequency5
present examination5
nhs trusts5
ii diabetes5
long periods5
fingernails worn5
low quality5
equipment used5
material associated5
studies included5
antimicrobial efficacy5
chlorhexidine silver5
located abstract5
baseline hhc5
medical education5
five moments5
randomized clinical5
use application5
total missed5
operating theatre5
time hand5
mental effort5
murine norovirus5
adverse effect5
hypertrophic scars5
data presented5
provider hand5
acquired infection5
hygiene technique5
children years5
engineering controls5
postoperativer wundinfektionen5
candida albicans5
scientific forum5
basic building5
use alcohol5
coated urinary5
moleculight i5
readily transferred5
dauer der5
infectious dose5
head nurse5
optimum hand5
ns protease5
lower risk5
tented arch5
hygiene measures5
one hospital5
increased frequency5
general surgical5
diabetic subjects5
virus infection5
publication rates5
cell count5
related thrombosis5
clinical effectiveness5
radial loop5
several days5
pad transposition5
bunch antigens5
uc use5
binding motifs5
jurisdictional claims5
kitchen surfaces5
good practice5
special care5
may increase5
gloved hands5
source patient5
experimental study5
abhs may5
citric acid5
prevent cr5
phase step5
greater number5
previous guidelines5
cord care5
mortality rate5
media platforms5
will result5
oncology patients5
audit cycle5
springer nature5
latex allergy5
using soap5
transmitted via5
aerosol transmission5
aureus infections5
generation cephalosporins5
drying time5
elementary schools5
care personnel5
surface contamination5
data monitoring5
prospective randomised5
es ist5
agents used5
bactericidal activity5
states pharmacopeia5
social marketing5
future research5
related lymphedema5
journal clubs5
step technique5
adverse reactions5
mortality rates5
anesthesia work5
producing klebsiella5
national nosocomial5
virus infections5
airborne particles5
nature remains5
surgery trainees5
specific calcium5
general hospital5
alcoholbased hand5
antiseptic soap5
health promotion5
potentially pathogenic5
child day5
clinical findings5
clinical features5
handwashing instances5
remote monitoring5
wide programme5
attack rate5
handwashing among5
infected persons5
disposable plastic5
upper respiratory5
veterinary personnel5
equipment must5
jumping man5
die dauer5
totally implantable5
medical staff5
panel testing5
lumen central5
factually huge5
tissue transfer5
routine replacement5
common cold5
building blocks5
arches bunch5
complete finger5
food hygiene5
benchmark group5
critical control5
national evidence5
ischemic coronary5
disinfection frequency5
pseudo ef5
knowledge regarding5
touch surfaces5
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