This is a table of type trigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.
trigram | frequency |
---|---|
porcine epidemic diarrhea | 2712 |
epidemic diarrhea virus | 2217 |
of porcine epidemic | 1231 |
in this study | 447 |
porcine epidemic diarrhoea | 385 |
the presence of | 342 |
the united states | 327 |
diarrhea virus in | 324 |
transmissible gastroenteritis virus | 319 |
the s protein | 300 |
epidemic diarrhoea virus | 279 |
of the s | 267 |
the cells were | 265 |
in the united | 259 |
based on the | 259 |
of the virus | 235 |
of the pedv | 232 |
in vero cells | 230 |
according to the | 217 |
as well as | 210 |
of pedv in | 195 |
for min at | 190 |
vero cells were | 188 |
the s gene | 188 |
analysis of the | 186 |
infected with pedv | 180 |
in the s | 178 |
as shown in | 166 |
the detection of | 166 |
of the porcine | 165 |
for h at | 162 |
the porcine epidemic | 160 |
acute respiratory syndrome | 158 |
severe acute respiratory | 157 |
respiratory syndrome coronavirus | 150 |
in the presence | 149 |
for the detection | 147 |
the expression of | 146 |
was used to | 145 |
diarrhea virus infection | 141 |
due to the | 140 |
pedv n protein | 140 |
vero e cells | 139 |
the number of | 138 |
the present study | 137 |
to determine the | 136 |
porcine reproductive and | 135 |
reproductive and respiratory | 134 |
jung et al | 134 |
and respiratory syndrome | 133 |
pedv s protein | 129 |
as described previously | 129 |
diarrhea virus strains | 126 |
respiratory syndrome virus | 124 |
genome sequence of | 124 |
in cell culture | 121 |
at room temperature | 121 |
epidemic diarrhea viruses | 120 |
the role of | 119 |
the small intestine | 119 |
virus in the | 118 |
phylogenetic analysis of | 117 |
epidemic diarrhea in | 116 |
showed that the | 114 |
cells in the | 114 |
complete genome sequence | 113 |
data not shown | 112 |
results showed that | 111 |
observed in the | 111 |
in suckling piglets | 110 |
was used as | 109 |
one of the | 108 |
in order to | 106 |
a total of | 104 |
the pedv s | 104 |
a and b | 104 |
in the us | 104 |
diarrhea virus strain | 104 |
of pedv infection | 103 |
was added to | 103 |
detected in the | 103 |
in the present | 102 |
and characterization of | 101 |
were used to | 101 |
detection of porcine | 100 |
the development of | 99 |
compared to the | 99 |
shown in fig | 98 |
was detected in | 98 |
sequence analysis of | 96 |
sequences of the | 95 |
of transmissible gastroenteritis | 94 |
detection of pedv | 94 |
the n protein | 94 |
samples were collected | 93 |
were infected with | 91 |
were collected from | 89 |
pedv and tgev | 89 |
chen et al | 88 |
the end of | 88 |
associated with the | 88 |
type i interferon | 87 |
the results of | 87 |
indicated that the | 87 |
of pedv strains | 87 |
the spike protein | 87 |
as previously described | 87 |
diarrhea virus and | 86 |
compared with the | 85 |
the spike gene | 85 |
were incubated with | 84 |
used as a | 84 |
with diarrhea in | 83 |
as described above | 83 |
and phylogenetic analysis | 83 |
emergence of porcine | 83 |
it has been | 83 |
virus and porcine | 83 |
in the small | 82 |
porcine respiratory coronavirus | 81 |
of pedv and | 81 |
of the spike | 81 |
characterization of porcine | 80 |
wang et al | 80 |
diarrhea in swine | 80 |
type i ifn | 80 |
we found that | 80 |
was performed using | 79 |
the effect of | 79 |
s and s | 79 |
were observed in | 79 |
pedv in the | 79 |
strain of porcine | 78 |
cells were washed | 78 |
pedv infection in | 77 |
protein of pedv | 76 |
were inoculated with | 76 |
the n gene | 76 |
to that of | 75 |
with porcine epidemic | 75 |
associated with diarrhea | 74 |
this study was | 74 |
for h and | 74 |
the orf gene | 74 |
and porcine epidemic | 74 |
three times with | 74 |
porcine aminopeptidase n | 73 |
was observed in | 73 |
rna was extracted | 73 |
in the spike | 73 |
were treated with | 72 |
intestinal epithelial cells | 72 |
in the same | 72 |
shown in figure | 72 |
c for h | 71 |
of the viral | 71 |
than that of | 71 |
of molecular epidemiology | 71 |
in the field | 70 |
in the usa | 70 |
an important role | 70 |
characterization of the | 70 |
cells were infected | 70 |
a new coronavirus | 69 |
amino acid sequences | 69 |
the results showed | 68 |
cells were fixed | 68 |
strains in the | 68 |
li et al | 68 |
analysis of porcine | 68 |
us porcine epidemic | 68 |
the absence of | 68 |
tgev and pedv | 68 |
s protein of | 67 |
end of the | 67 |
of this study | 67 |
positive for pedv | 67 |
related to the | 67 |
cells were incubated | 66 |
gastroenteritis virus and | 66 |
has been reported | 66 |
of a novel | 66 |
to investigate the | 66 |
isolation and characterization | 66 |
washed three times | 66 |
was used for | 65 |
the authors declare | 65 |
in our study | 65 |
mouse hepatitis virus | 65 |
sequence of a | 65 |
in neonatal piglets | 65 |
in the pedv | 65 |
the replication of | 64 |
were detected in | 64 |
used in this | 64 |
the use of | 64 |
for porcine epidemic | 64 |
particle associated with | 63 |
important role in | 63 |
infected vero cells | 63 |
review of molecular | 63 |
were subjected to | 63 |
sequence of the | 63 |
of type i | 63 |
innate immune response | 63 |
strain pc a | 63 |
of pedv was | 63 |
vero cells and | 63 |
infected cells were | 63 |
expression of the | 62 |
hek t cells | 62 |
cells infected with | 62 |
and stored at | 62 |
in south korea | 62 |
the swine industry | 62 |
g and g | 62 |
a comprehensive review | 62 |
comprehensive review of | 62 |
there was no | 62 |
at h post | 62 |
deletion in the | 62 |
and viral genomic | 61 |
of the small | 61 |
gene of porcine | 61 |
involved in the | 61 |
viral genomic sequences | 61 |
found to be | 61 |
that of the | 61 |
the addition of | 61 |
of the disease | 61 |
song et al | 61 |
prrsv and pedv | 60 |
the amino acid | 60 |
like particle associated | 60 |
to evaluate the | 60 |
in the infected | 60 |
were positive for | 60 |
clinical signs of | 59 |
amino acid sequence | 59 |
were obtained from | 59 |
fetal bovine serum | 59 |
against porcine epidemic | 58 |
thermo fisher scientific | 58 |
of pedv rna | 58 |
the activation of | 58 |
of viral rna | 58 |
in the intestinal | 58 |
were transfected with | 58 |
for min and | 57 |
the nucleocapsid protein | 57 |
results indicated that | 57 |
the complete genome | 57 |
the amount of | 57 |
the percentage of | 57 |
none of the | 57 |
mesenteric lymph nodes | 56 |
experimental infection of | 56 |
the family coronaviridae | 56 |
demonstrated that the | 56 |
new variants of | 56 |
of icpc a | 56 |
closely related to | 56 |
found in the | 56 |
in addition to | 56 |
aminopeptidase n is | 56 |
were used as | 56 |
virus in china | 55 |
variants of porcine | 55 |
strain of pedv | 55 |
significantly higher than | 55 |
genes of porcine | 55 |
strains of pedv | 55 |
cells were transfected | 55 |
by porcine epidemic | 55 |
were collected at | 55 |
a member of | 55 |
the production of | 55 |
domain of the | 55 |
incubated for h | 55 |
on the other | 55 |
of vero cells | 55 |
transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus | 54 |
development of a | 54 |
used for the | 54 |
of pedv n | 54 |
of the n | 54 |
the s and | 54 |
of the study | 54 |
and in the | 54 |
the effects of | 54 |
the levels of | 54 |
revealed that the | 53 |
s gene of | 53 |
g for min | 53 |
added to the | 53 |
with pedv at | 53 |
has been shown | 53 |
the other hand | 53 |
cells were then | 53 |
characterization of a | 53 |
in the cytoplasm | 52 |
was carried out | 52 |
in response to | 52 |
s protein is | 52 |
to pedv infection | 52 |
been shown to | 52 |
were purchased from | 52 |
were stained with | 52 |
present in the | 52 |
virus spike protein | 52 |
was found to | 52 |
tbk and irf | 52 |
linked immunosorbent assay | 52 |
polymerase chain reaction | 52 |
coronavirus spike protein | 52 |
ma et al | 51 |
activation of the | 51 |
attenuated porcine epidemic | 51 |
presence of pedv | 51 |
diarrhea virus spike | 51 |
role in the | 51 |
the cell surface | 51 |
of the orf | 51 |
the samples were | 50 |
in vitro and | 50 |
pedv pl pro | 50 |
cells were seeded | 50 |
the vero cells | 50 |
the positive control | 50 |
western blot analysis | 50 |
cells were treated | 50 |
have been reported | 50 |
o u r | 49 |
a l p | 49 |
lin et al | 49 |
genbank accession no | 49 |
region of the | 49 |
outbreak of porcine | 49 |
n a l | 49 |
j o u | 49 |
were analyzed by | 49 |
located in the | 49 |
member of the | 49 |
u r n | 49 |
used in the | 49 |
of n protein | 49 |
antiviral activity of | 49 |
r n a | 49 |
was confirmed by | 49 |
inoculated with the | 49 |
were fixed with | 48 |
and incubated with | 48 |
p r e | 48 |
mutations in the | 48 |
to those of | 48 |
for the pedv | 48 |
cells treated with | 48 |
gene of pedv | 48 |
were determined by | 48 |
in gnotobiotic pigs | 48 |
the infectivity of | 48 |
l p r | 48 |
o o f | 48 |
r o o | 48 |
was determined by | 48 |
p r o | 48 |
the surface of | 47 |
with the pedv | 47 |
was supported by | 47 |
in vero e | 47 |
the sensitivity of | 47 |
in the absence | 47 |
was extracted from | 47 |
losses to the | 47 |
the current study | 47 |
s indel pedv | 47 |
of a porcine | 47 |
obtained from the | 47 |
porcine circovirus type | 47 |
with ml of | 47 |
for detection of | 47 |
in suckling pigs | 47 |
similar to those | 47 |
have been identified | 46 |
in the n | 46 |
the level of | 46 |
care and use | 46 |
pedv infection and | 46 |
similar to that | 46 |
the virulence of | 46 |
were incubated for | 46 |
the new ica | 46 |
s protein was | 46 |
evolution of pedv | 46 |
pigs of all | 46 |
kim et al | 46 |
of neutralizing antibodies | 46 |
all of the | 46 |
during pedv infection | 46 |
were carried out | 46 |
with pbs and | 46 |
jejunum and ileum | 46 |
total rna was | 45 |
added to each | 45 |
of the genome | 45 |
viruses isolated in | 45 |
the pathogenesis of | 45 |
shown in table | 45 |
were cultured in | 45 |
molecular characterization and | 45 |
stevenson et al | 45 |
the virus was | 45 |
a role in | 45 |
the negative control | 45 |
of clinical signs | 45 |
against pedv infection | 45 |
three independent experiments | 45 |
an outbreak of | 45 |
similar to the | 44 |
of all ages | 44 |
negative for pedv | 44 |
the pedv n | 44 |
a variety of | 44 |
of the two | 44 |
of severe acute | 44 |
spike gene of | 44 |
to assess the | 44 |
pedv rna in | 44 |
is characterized by | 44 |
virus strains in | 44 |
clinical signs and | 44 |
diarrhea virus from | 44 |
by western blot | 43 |
and vero cells | 43 |
belongs to the | 43 |
showed that pedv | 43 |
times with pbs | 43 |
human coronavirus e | 43 |
that the pedv | 43 |
n is a | 43 |
blfp crude extract | 43 |
pedv strains were | 43 |
saif et al | 43 |
were performed using | 43 |
on porcine epidemic | 43 |
is the first | 43 |
sensitivity and specificity | 43 |
and incubated at | 43 |
and transmissible gastroenteritis | 43 |
on the surface | 43 |
results suggest that | 43 |
classical attenuated vaccine | 43 |
identified in the | 43 |
well as the | 42 |
multiplicity of infection | 42 |
there were no | 42 |
results of the | 42 |
in the orf | 42 |
the supernatant was | 42 |
of pedv s | 42 |
propagation of the | 42 |
antibodies against pedv | 42 |
expression levels of | 42 |
authors declare that | 42 |
between the two | 42 |
c for min | 42 |
variant porcine epidemic | 42 |
the interaction between | 42 |
receptor for the | 42 |
the lack of | 42 |
and incubated for | 41 |
j cells were | 41 |
pc a in | 41 |
colostrum and milk | 41 |
the fact that | 41 |
is essential for | 41 |
diarrhea in suckling | 41 |
high mortality in | 41 |
neutralizing antibodies against | 41 |
and genotyping of | 41 |
type i and | 41 |
were washed with | 41 |
protein is a | 41 |
at the end | 41 |
orally inoculated with | 41 |
with or without | 41 |
induced by ifn | 41 |
a number of | 41 |
viruses associated with | 41 |
of a new | 41 |
most of the | 41 |
hofmann and wyler | 41 |
collected from the | 41 |
t cells were | 41 |
the s domain | 41 |
the pedv strains | 41 |
results indicate that | 41 |
african green monkey | 41 |
the pedv genome | 40 |
were found to | 40 |
identification of the | 40 |
those of the | 40 |
genotyping of emergent | 40 |
a porcine epidemic | 40 |
open reading frame | 40 |
emergent porcine epidemic | 40 |
consistent with the | 40 |
of pedv antigen | 40 |
serum samples were | 40 |
to determine whether | 40 |
host innate immune | 40 |
antibodies against the | 40 |
of emergent porcine | 40 |
huang et al | 40 |
that pedv infection | 40 |
can be used | 40 |
pathogenesis and immunoprophylaxis | 40 |
porcine transmissible gastroenteritis | 40 |
have shown that | 40 |
for the first | 40 |
analysis was performed | 40 |
green monkey kidney | 40 |
infectious bronchitis virus | 40 |
in contrast to | 40 |
antibodies against porcine | 39 |
the duration of | 39 |
nucleocapsid protein of | 39 |
with a large | 39 |
conjugated goat anti | 39 |
east respiratory syndrome | 39 |
used as the | 39 |
to porcine epidemic | 39 |
n protein was | 39 |
characterization and phylogenetic | 39 |
infection of pigs | 39 |
been reported in | 39 |
the antiviral activity | 39 |
cells were grown | 39 |
at the same | 39 |
found that the | 39 |
igg and iga | 39 |
were washed three | 39 |
attenuated vaccine strains | 39 |
was obtained from | 39 |
in accordance with | 39 |
diarrhea viruses associated | 39 |
responsible for the | 39 |
of antibodies against | 39 |
for pedv and | 39 |
were added to | 39 |
pedv spike protein | 39 |
suggest that the | 39 |
of pedv is | 38 |
differences in the | 38 |
of porcine reproductive | 38 |
epidemic diarrhea coronavirus | 38 |
is associated with | 38 |
specificity of the | 38 |
shown to be | 38 |
icpc a and | 38 |
pedv strain cv | 38 |
pcr products were | 38 |
were incubated at | 38 |
economic losses to | 38 |
animal care and | 38 |
sensitivity of the | 38 |
on the cell | 38 |
zhang et al | 38 |
used to detect | 38 |
the plates were | 37 |
swine enteric coronavirus | 37 |
of s protein | 37 |
with fetal bovine | 37 |
morbidity and mortality | 37 |
be due to | 37 |
the genus alphacoronavirus | 37 |
park et al | 37 |
min at room | 37 |
piglets born to | 37 |
strains of porcine | 37 |
dried porcine plasma | 37 |
with the disease | 37 |
virus strain pc | 37 |
virus of porcine | 37 |
the emergence of | 37 |
by centrifugation at | 37 |
by western blotting | 37 |
of us porcine | 37 |
vero and ipec | 37 |
to each well | 37 |
a previous study | 37 |
this work was | 37 |
genome sequences of | 37 |
the m protein | 37 |
the virus of | 37 |
of tgev and | 37 |
complex evolution of | 37 |
and complex evolution | 37 |
and western blotting | 37 |
a new porcine | 37 |
isolated in korea | 37 |
but not in | 37 |
molecular epidemiology of | 37 |
the disease outbreak | 37 |
were significantly higher | 37 |
distinct characteristics and | 36 |
cov n proteins | 36 |
middle east respiratory | 36 |
the gene source | 36 |
as the gene | 36 |
the concentration of | 36 |
were negative for | 36 |
gene of the | 36 |
protein of the | 36 |
indicating that the | 36 |
the first time | 36 |
emerging and re | 36 |
cd cd t | 36 |
cloned into the | 36 |
song and park | 36 |
of porcine deltacoronavirus | 36 |
feline infectious peritonitis | 36 |
has not been | 36 |
positive ec cells | 36 |
cells were cultured | 36 |
a functional receptor | 36 |
characteristics and complex | 36 |
and ch jx | 36 |
diarrhea in cell | 36 |
inoculated orally with | 36 |
is involved in | 36 |
s gene sequences | 36 |
for the presence | 36 |
conflict of interest | 36 |
molecular characterization of | 36 |
swine in the | 36 |
of the new | 36 |
gene source of | 36 |
approved by the | 36 |
the pedv spike | 36 |
a negative control | 36 |
and subjected to | 35 |
disease outbreak among | 35 |
and icpc a | 35 |
in newborn piglets | 35 |
kindly provided by | 35 |
listed in table | 35 |
rapid detection of | 35 |
changes in the | 35 |
outbreak among swine | 35 |
infected with porcine | 35 |
based on a | 35 |
to identify the | 35 |
pigs in the | 35 |
belong to the | 35 |
such as the | 35 |
to be a | 35 |
stage of infection | 35 |
as a result | 35 |
play a role | 35 |
viral rna was | 35 |
the cell culture | 35 |
type i ifns | 35 |
among swine in | 35 |
pigs inoculated with | 35 |
in the gut | 35 |
the ability of | 35 |
that they have | 34 |
is an enveloped | 34 |
the pedv strain | 34 |
when compared to | 34 |
cell lysates were | 34 |
the recombinant s | 34 |
the inhibition of | 34 |
partial s gene | 34 |
well tissue culture | 34 |
functional receptor for | 34 |
than in the | 34 |
study was to | 34 |
virus infection in | 34 |
are shown in | 34 |
of the piglets | 34 |
coronaviruses as the | 34 |
protein genes of | 34 |
of pigs with | 34 |
inoculated with pedv | 34 |
recombinant s protein | 34 |
is required for | 34 |
deletions in the | 34 |
data indicate that | 34 |
the order nidovirales | 34 |
were used for | 34 |
innate immune responses | 34 |
the innate immune | 34 |
and n genes | 34 |
and use committee | 34 |
the phylogenetic tree | 34 |
the viral genome | 34 |
the s region | 34 |
they have no | 34 |
spike protein of | 34 |
cells were harvested | 34 |
intracellular extracts of | 34 |
pedv rna was | 34 |
were seeded in | 34 |
e cells were | 34 |
understanding of the | 34 |
and avian coronaviruses | 34 |
the formation of | 34 |
suggesting that the | 33 |
were expressed as | 33 |
the intracellular extracts | 33 |
and de bouck | 33 |
infected suckling pigs | 33 |
were similar to | 33 |
isolation of porcine | 33 |
to detect the | 33 |
were grown in | 33 |
indicate that the | 33 |
the pig industry | 33 |
adapted porcine epidemic | 33 |
for the development | 33 |
previous studies have | 33 |
were found in | 33 |
complete genome sequences | 33 |
infected weaned pigs | 33 |
in the study | 33 |
first reported in | 33 |
pigs infected with | 33 |
the small intestines | 33 |
cells were collected | 33 |
in our laboratory | 33 |
and sequence analysis | 33 |
the spread of | 33 |
porcine intestinal epithelial | 33 |
economic losses in | 33 |
diarrhea viruses isolated | 33 |
pensaert and de | 33 |
of the coronavirus | 32 |
fecal samples were | 32 |
sialic acid binding | 32 |
small intestine of | 32 |
was purchased from | 32 |
days of age | 32 |
inducing neutralizing antibodies | 32 |
then infected with | 32 |
depending on the | 32 |
were collected and | 32 |
the majority of | 32 |
the efficacy of | 32 |
piglets infected with | 32 |
declare that they | 32 |
plays an important | 32 |
was significantly higher | 32 |
pcd and vero | 32 |
pedv field isolates | 32 |
are expressed as | 32 |
infection in the | 32 |
balb c mice | 32 |
be divided into | 32 |
of a variant | 32 |
pcr for the | 32 |
losses in the | 32 |
porcine enteric coronavirus | 32 |
with a new | 32 |
contribute to the | 32 |
the detection limit | 32 |
higher than that | 32 |
on the s | 32 |
well plates were | 32 |
feed as a | 32 |
plates were incubated | 32 |
variant of porcine | 32 |
supplemented with fetal | 32 |
in a dose | 32 |
causative agent of | 32 |
with the s | 32 |
these results indicated | 32 |
cells were inoculated | 32 |
different from the | 32 |
institutional animal care | 32 |
a large deletion | 32 |
new variant of | 32 |
is the most | 31 |
to test the | 31 |
to detect pedv | 31 |
there is no | 31 |
nucleotide sequences of | 31 |
is critical for | 31 |
vero cells in | 31 |
described in the | 31 |
s proteins of | 31 |
occurred in the | 31 |
vero cells with | 31 |
lee et al | 31 |
of the nucleocapsid | 31 |
studies have shown | 31 |
high levels of | 31 |
detection of antibodies | 31 |
capable of inducing | 31 |
no significant differences | 31 |
and the united | 31 |
severe diarrhea and | 31 |
piglets in the | 31 |
the orf a | 31 |
a in gnotobiotic | 31 |
an emerging and | 31 |
the host cell | 31 |
resulted in a | 31 |
bovine serum albumin | 31 |
for pedv infection | 31 |
at hpi and | 31 |
fixed with paraformaldehyde | 31 |
in the netherlands | 31 |
be used to | 31 |
the nucleotide sequence | 31 |
expressed as the | 31 |
that the virus | 31 |
new porcine enteric | 31 |
as a negative | 31 |
the causative agent | 31 |
after pedv infection | 31 |
it is possible | 31 |
and quantification of | 31 |
this is the | 31 |
epizootic swine virus | 31 |
washed with pbs | 31 |
a concentration of | 31 |
in cell cultures | 30 |
receptor for pedv | 30 |
the result of | 30 |
orf a and | 30 |
and amino acid | 30 |
large deletion in | 30 |
the g b | 30 |
caused by pedv | 30 |
the s proteins | 30 |
and high mortality | 30 |
deduced amino acid | 30 |
the virus in | 30 |
viral rna in | 30 |
swine enteric coronaviruses | 30 |
differences between the | 30 |
the function of | 30 |
woo et al | 30 |
negative control group | 30 |
to confirm the | 30 |
pathology of us | 30 |
like strain of | 30 |
pig farms in | 30 |
the time of | 30 |
at different time | 30 |
the basis of | 30 |
is a highly | 30 |
the induction of | 30 |
in pigs of | 30 |
to the swine | 30 |
gallien et al | 30 |
in the vero | 30 |
these results indicate | 30 |
in the pig | 30 |
been reported to | 30 |
replication of pedv | 30 |
were maintained in | 30 |
and mortality in | 30 |
on the basis | 30 |
in the intestine | 30 |
of pedv were | 30 |
pigs with a | 30 |
final concentration of | 30 |
h and then | 30 |
n protein is | 30 |
the prevalence of | 30 |
levels in the | 30 |
with the same | 29 |
work was supported | 29 |
of the pigs | 29 |
is responsible for | 29 |
pedv belgorod dom | 29 |
of the complete | 29 |
jung and saif | 29 |
samples collected from | 29 |
presence of trypsin | 29 |
the severe acute | 29 |
detection and quantification | 29 |
any of the | 29 |
a variant porcine | 29 |
the partial s | 29 |
resulting in the | 29 |
acid sequences of | 29 |
in the current | 29 |
min at rt | 29 |
suggested that the | 29 |
was first reported | 29 |
this study were | 29 |
samples were tested | 29 |
pedv is a | 29 |
liu et al | 29 |
infection with the | 29 |
significant economic losses | 29 |
protein of porcine | 29 |
and weaned pigs | 29 |
need to be | 29 |
different concentrations of | 29 |
of the first | 29 |
then incubated with | 29 |
belonging to the | 29 |
performed using the | 29 |
pedv has been | 29 |
pedv strains in | 29 |
in agreement with | 29 |
s t protein | 29 |
needs to be | 29 |
in the feces | 29 |
a multiplicity of | 29 |
a result of | 29 |
in the swine | 29 |
propagated in vero | 29 |
were tested for | 29 |
and pedv s | 29 |
analysis based on | 29 |
and the cells | 29 |
cells were maintained | 29 |
the severity of | 29 |
weeks of age | 29 |
in central china | 29 |
orf a b | 29 |
no competing interests | 29 |
was removed and | 29 |
cell cultures and | 29 |
open reading frames | 29 |
of the intestinal | 29 |
with pedv and | 28 |
amino acid changes | 28 |
in which the | 28 |
at an moi | 28 |
sun et al | 28 |
of the cell | 28 |
n protein of | 28 |
the infection of | 28 |
cell culture medium | 28 |
log copies ml | 28 |
the onset of | 28 |
the highly virulent | 28 |
an moi of | 28 |
for up to | 28 |
the introduction of | 28 |
in the serum | 28 |
pedv was first | 28 |
and gds strains | 28 |
detection of the | 28 |
outbreaks of porcine | 28 |
diarrhoea virus in | 28 |
gds and gds | 28 |
is a functional | 28 |
structure of the | 28 |
is a major | 28 |
lower than that | 28 |
were detected by | 28 |
vaccinated with the | 28 |
the same time | 28 |
has also been | 28 |
at h after | 28 |
a vero cell | 28 |
small and large | 28 |
of the three | 28 |
with regard to | 28 |
room temperature for | 28 |
at the time | 28 |
other pedv strains | 28 |
there is a | 28 |
pedv s gene | 28 |
was detected by | 28 |
a receptor for | 28 |
united states porcine | 28 |
are needed to | 28 |
and evolution of | 27 |
in serum and | 27 |
in the early | 27 |
highly virulent pedv | 27 |
in figure a | 27 |
virus porcine epidemic | 27 |
is one of | 27 |
plates were washed | 27 |
was performed as | 27 |
of the most | 27 |
to investigate whether | 27 |
of ped in | 27 |
cells of the | 27 |
and pedv were | 27 |
and pathogenicity of | 27 |
has been used | 27 |
in the control | 27 |
were analyzed using | 27 |
infected with the | 27 |
of the genus | 27 |
villous epithelial cells | 27 |
was found in | 27 |
spike protein is | 27 |
four structural proteins | 27 |
old weaned pigs | 27 |
the s glycoprotein | 27 |
significant differences in | 27 |
were able to | 27 |
to analyze the | 27 |
the natural host | 27 |
virus and transmissible | 27 |
cells transfected with | 27 |
been identified in | 27 |
in england in | 27 |
identification of a | 27 |
diarrhea and vomiting | 27 |
difference in the | 27 |
supernatants were collected | 27 |
pigs at pid | 27 |
the expression levels | 27 |
vitro and in | 27 |
and then incubated | 27 |
of tbk and | 27 |
is an important | 27 |
was identified in | 27 |
the proportion of | 27 |
and the s | 27 |
be associated with | 27 |
i ifn production | 27 |
than those of | 27 |
at c for | 27 |
cells were co | 27 |
a and icpc | 27 |
inhibition of pedv | 27 |
to transmissible gastroenteritis | 27 |
in the natural | 27 |
were pretreated with | 27 |
interferon production by | 27 |
washed twice with | 27 |
in recent years | 27 |
orf gene of | 27 |
those in the | 27 |
rna was detected | 27 |
detection limit of | 27 |
and in vivo | 27 |
antibody responses in | 27 |
considered statistically significant | 27 |
was performed to | 27 |
diarrhea and dehydration | 27 |
between pedv and | 27 |
cv and lnct | 27 |
the control group | 26 |
results demonstrated that | 26 |
at days post | 26 |
hu et al | 26 |
each group were | 26 |
and porcine deltacoronavirus | 26 |
the jejunum and | 26 |
is possible that | 26 |
cell culture isolation | 26 |
of pedv to | 26 |
epithelial cells of | 26 |
spike protein genes | 26 |
tissue culture plates | 26 |
did not show | 26 |
infectious peritonitis virus | 26 |
log ge ml | 26 |
of the four | 26 |
transmission of pedv | 26 |
like particles in | 26 |
some of the | 26 |
play an important | 26 |
a pedv strain | 26 |
g a and | 26 |
these results suggest | 26 |
levels of pedv | 26 |
be involved in | 26 |
protein in the | 26 |
fragment length polymorphism | 26 |
pedv infection of | 26 |
accordance with the | 26 |
s indirect elisa | 26 |
comparison of the | 26 |
strain with a | 26 |
the epitope region | 26 |
induced by pedv | 26 |
activity of the | 26 |
the course of | 26 |
type iii interferon | 26 |
positive control group | 26 |
determination of the | 26 |
disease in pigs | 26 |
in the healthy | 26 |
extracted from the | 26 |
susceptible to pedv | 26 |
paraformaldehyde for min | 26 |
a review of | 26 |
influenza a virus | 26 |
of the samples | 26 |
supported by the | 26 |
has been demonstrated | 26 |
no conflict of | 26 |
s protein and | 26 |
was able to | 26 |
the pedv outbreak | 26 |
virus in porcine | 26 |
pedv infection was | 26 |
and then infected | 26 |
diarrhea in piglets | 26 |
isolated from the | 26 |
have no competing | 26 |
coronavirus nucleocapsid protein | 26 |
have been used | 26 |
pcr was performed | 26 |
cd t cell | 26 |
carried out in | 26 |
of diarrhea in | 26 |
molecular evolutionary genetics | 25 |
g a pedv | 25 |
the specificity of | 25 |
group a rotavirus | 25 |
korean pedv field | 25 |
pcr assay for | 25 |
the in vitro | 25 |
phylogenetic analysis based | 25 |
pedv strains and | 25 |
in southern china | 25 |
determined to be | 25 |
the immune response | 25 |
the endoplasmic reticulum | 25 |
and the results | 25 |
characteristics of the | 25 |
kweon et al | 25 |
of the us | 25 |
on vero cells | 25 |
assays were performed | 25 |
infection with pedv | 25 |
part of the | 25 |
apoptotic cell death | 25 |
included in the | 25 |
spread of the | 25 |
could be detected | 25 |
of each virus | 25 |
by pedv infection | 25 |
cells per well | 25 |
genetic diversity of | 25 |
of the partial | 25 |
at a concentration | 25 |
the possibility of | 25 |
s gene and | 25 |
in europe and | 25 |
the m gene | 25 |
were stored at | 25 |
serial dilutions of | 25 |
considered to be | 25 |
amino acid mutations | 25 |
region capable of | 25 |
the pcr products | 25 |
against the pedv | 25 |
heat and rnase | 25 |
positive and negative | 25 |
been used to | 25 |
for min to | 25 |
molecular epidemiology and | 25 |
severe watery diarrhea | 25 |
hepatitis c virus | 25 |
fcov type and | 25 |
the aim of | 25 |
against the porcine | 25 |
summarized in table | 25 |
to the s | 25 |
different time points | 25 |
acute pedv infection | 25 |
mortality in piglets | 25 |
restriction fragment length | 25 |
porcine nidovirus infection | 25 |
in china and | 25 |
in a humidified | 25 |
of the full | 25 |
nsp and nsp | 25 |
at rt and | 25 |
indicated that pedv | 25 |
of inducing neutralizing | 25 |
evolutionary genetics analysis | 25 |
korean pedv strains | 25 |
of the infected | 25 |
of pedv has | 25 |
demonstrated that pedv | 25 |
a recent study | 25 |
calculated using the | 24 |
of the viruses | 24 |
as described in | 24 |
proof of concept | 24 |
presence of the | 24 |
the lamina propria | 24 |
mouth disease virus | 24 |
strain isolated in | 24 |
in pedv infection | 24 |
presence or absence | 24 |
different types of | 24 |
in weaned pigs | 24 |
the porcine apn | 24 |
were performed in | 24 |
crude extract containing | 24 |
type iii ifn | 24 |
virus in cell | 24 |
at a multiplicity | 24 |
prior to the | 24 |
watery diarrhea and | 24 |
of the host | 24 |
all samples were | 24 |
from each group | 24 |
of the sars | 24 |
oh et al | 24 |
was assessed by | 24 |
united states and | 24 |
of pedv replication | 24 |
pcr and western | 24 |
by using the | 24 |
study showed that | 24 |
assay for the | 24 |
porcine group a | 24 |
the gastrointestinal tract | 24 |
completion of the | 24 |
culture supernatants were | 24 |
virulence of pedv | 24 |
after the first | 24 |
differential detection of | 24 |
the identification of | 24 |
against pedv in | 24 |
as a vehicle | 24 |
of the recombinant | 24 |
the supernatants were | 24 |
like particles associated | 24 |
sequencing of the | 24 |
of the ifn | 24 |
was defined as | 24 |
neutralizing antibodies in | 24 |
particles associated with | 24 |
crystal structure of | 24 |
of a recombinant | 24 |
were blocked with | 24 |
chang et al | 24 |
cleavage of the | 24 |
with paraformaldehyde for | 24 |
korean field strains | 24 |
the infected cells | 24 |
the study of | 24 |
pedv s proteins | 24 |
porcine apn transgenic | 24 |
us pedv strains | 24 |
outbreaks of ped | 24 |
was determined using | 24 |
and approved the | 24 |
at rt for | 24 |
experiments were performed | 24 |
for the simultaneous | 24 |
or absence of | 24 |
vero cell monolayers | 24 |
assay was performed | 24 |
pedv replication in | 24 |
mortality in suckling | 24 |
culture isolation and | 24 |
tbk or irf | 24 |
virus nucleocapsid protein | 24 |
the nucleotide sequences | 24 |
have not been | 24 |
clinical signs were | 24 |
the host innate | 24 |
be used as | 24 |
in north america | 24 |
higher than those | 24 |
performed as described | 24 |
caused by porcine | 24 |
the sars coronavirus | 24 |
were tested in | 24 |
the culture medium | 23 |
using graphpad prism | 23 |
higher than the | 23 |
data indicated that | 23 |
of the cells | 23 |
the simultaneous detection | 23 |
we investigated the | 23 |
used to determine | 23 |
a source of | 23 |
ml of pedv | 23 |
at a moi | 23 |
intact s gene | 23 |
neutralizing antibody titers | 23 |
was performed in | 23 |
the random forest | 23 |
a final concentration | 23 |
can be divided | 23 |
was performed by | 23 |
this study are | 23 |
in terms of | 23 |
an ion channel | 23 |
was isolated from | 23 |
and stained with | 23 |
the genome of | 23 |
china complete genome | 23 |
with pedv strains | 23 |
in infected cells | 23 |
the coronaviridae family | 23 |
i interferon production | 23 |
of the outbreak | 23 |
the loss of | 23 |
was analyzed by | 23 |
particles in japan | 23 |
were then washed | 23 |
entry into cells | 23 |
with transmissible gastroenteritis | 23 |
diagnosis of pedv | 23 |
in the nucleus | 23 |
the gds and | 23 |
genetic characterization of | 23 |
within the same | 23 |
minimum essential medium | 23 |
are listed in | 23 |
a series of | 23 |
and porcine respiratory | 23 |
epidemiology of porcine | 23 |
the proliferation of | 23 |
of prrsv and | 23 |
novel porcine epidemic | 23 |
of the isolate | 23 |
well plates and | 23 |
insertions and deletions | 23 |
reported in the | 23 |
us pedv strain | 23 |
a novel strain | 23 |
culture medium was | 23 |
the cellular receptor | 23 |
emerging epizootic swine | 23 |
the s subunit | 23 |
compared to those | 23 |
porcine enteric coronaviruses | 23 |
of the assay | 23 |
a and g | 23 |
as determined by | 23 |
of peptide h | 23 |
relationship between the | 23 |
the ica kit | 23 |
is a member | 23 |
function of the | 23 |
have been developed | 23 |
insights into the | 23 |
was performed with | 23 |
epitope region capable | 23 |
on pedv replication | 23 |
the release of | 23 |
significantly lower than | 23 |
no effect on | 23 |
positive cells in | 23 |
the vero cell | 23 |
of the same | 23 |
and orf b | 23 |
n gene of | 23 |
outbreak of swine | 23 |
ranging from to | 23 |
that the s | 23 |
immune response in | 23 |
antibodies were detected | 23 |
sequence of porcine | 23 |
is important for | 23 |
the day of | 23 |
could not be | 23 |
in china in | 23 |
obtained from a | 23 |
by indirect elisa | 23 |
and immunogenicity of | 23 |
of the epitope | 23 |
be related to | 22 |
and analysis of | 22 |
of the trial | 22 |
to explore the | 22 |
at the indicated | 22 |
statistical analysis was | 22 |
of aminopeptidase n | 22 |
could be used | 22 |
in the p | 22 |
acid binding activity | 22 |
the importance of | 22 |
to be the | 22 |
prior to farrowing | 22 |
the entire genome | 22 |
huge economic losses | 22 |
approved the final | 22 |
mucosal and systemic | 22 |
as seen in | 22 |
similar to us | 22 |
the us strains | 22 |
was propagated in | 22 |
the cytoplasm of | 22 |
authors declare no | 22 |
of infected cells | 22 |
an intact s | 22 |
the survival of | 22 |
can be found | 22 |
cellular receptor for | 22 |
and attenuation of | 22 |
to amplify the | 22 |
pedv specific siga | 22 |
new syndrome of | 22 |
for clinical signs | 22 |
states porcine epidemic | 22 |
infection of pedv | 22 |
antibodies in serum | 22 |
m and n | 22 |
of suckling piglets | 22 |
first time in | 22 |
removed and the | 22 |
a moi of | 22 |
the heat and | 22 |
divided into two | 22 |
and rnase treated | 22 |
with a high | 22 |
into vero cells | 22 |
suckling and weaned | 22 |
more than of | 22 |
of a vero | 22 |
spread of porcine | 22 |
in the dark | 22 |
and western blot | 22 |
nk cell activity | 22 |
to examine the | 22 |
the plasma membrane | 22 |
of vero cell | 22 |
diarrhea in china | 22 |
swine farms in | 22 |
prior to inoculation | 22 |
was applied to | 22 |
diarrhea virus date | 22 |
was calculated using | 22 |
duration of the | 22 |
the risk of | 22 |
s or s | 22 |
the in vivo | 22 |
mortality in neonatal | 22 |
syndrome of porcine | 22 |
the reemerging korean | 22 |
multiple sequence alignment | 22 |
analysis showed that | 22 |
because of the | 22 |
all pigs were | 22 |
differentially expressed genes | 22 |
pedv at a | 22 |
than that in | 22 |
fecal viral rna | 22 |
in the jejunum | 22 |
united states in | 22 |
were euthanized at | 22 |
gerber et al | 22 |
adaptation in vitro | 22 |
circulating in the | 22 |
nk cell frequencies | 22 |
or s t | 22 |
associated with coronavirus | 22 |
the pathogenicity of | 22 |
evaluation of a | 22 |
reported to be | 22 |
genbank accession number | 22 |
to study the | 22 |
is shown in | 22 |
used as an | 21 |
b and c | 21 |
the pedv coronavirus | 21 |
in fecal samples | 21 |
s domain of | 21 |
was reported in | 21 |
an evaluation of | 21 |
ohio state university | 21 |
were harvested and | 21 |
cells were pre | 21 |
of the protein | 21 |
analysis of orf | 21 |
from three independent | 21 |
to us strains | 21 |
were located in | 21 |
found that pedv | 21 |
were isolated from | 21 |
in the family | 21 |
of swine diarrhea | 21 |
g b strains | 21 |
rectal swabs were | 21 |
no significant difference | 21 |
the interaction of | 21 |
study demonstrated that | 21 |
ec cells in | 21 |
type iii ifns | 21 |
virus shedding in | 21 |
outbreak of diarrhea | 21 |
pedv n and | 21 |
clarified by centrifugation | 21 |
focused on the | 21 |
was shown to | 21 |
proteins in the | 21 |
apn transgenic mice | 21 |
and large intestines | 21 |
serial propagation of | 21 |
the ohio state | 21 |
source of the | 21 |
a and orf | 21 |
growth adaptation in | 21 |
gilts and sows | 21 |
of porcine circovirus | 21 |
virulence in vivo | 21 |
pedv in vero | 21 |
blood samples were | 21 |
we demonstrated that | 21 |
was based on | 21 |
virus strains similar | 21 |
strains similar to | 21 |
signs of diarrhea | 21 |
could be a | 21 |
on pedv infection | 21 |
in serum samples | 21 |
the first report | 21 |
tissue culture infectious | 21 |
suggests that the | 21 |
in situ hybridization | 21 |
of cell culture | 21 |
our results showed | 21 |
pigs at pids | 21 |
are presented as | 21 |
of s proteins | 21 |
pedv s or | 21 |
of the different | 21 |
were visualized using | 21 |
the viral envelope | 21 |
of porcine enteric | 21 |
is consistent with | 21 |
to the pedv | 21 |
were used in | 21 |
may not be | 21 |
of the authors | 21 |
and orf genes | 21 |
herpes simplex virus | 21 |
primers and probes | 21 |
be detected in | 21 |
antibodies in the | 21 |
discovery of a | 21 |
portion of the | 21 |
of pedv on | 21 |
immune responses to | 21 |
into three groups | 21 |
that in the | 21 |
between the pedv | 21 |
of q r | 21 |
in vitro prophylactic | 21 |
of pedv strain | 21 |
ml of the | 21 |
fcov type s | 21 |
in ml of | 21 |
virus and its | 21 |
on the pedv | 20 |
related porcine epidemic | 20 |
in the host | 20 |
the suppression of | 20 |
analysis of genetically | 20 |
in the cells | 20 |
crypt epithelial cells | 20 |
and fecal samples | 20 |
are summarized in | 20 |
type associated with | 20 |
genetically diverse us | 20 |
analysis indicated that | 20 |
tgev and prcv | 20 |
the pedv infection | 20 |
cells were pretreated | 20 |
in each group | 20 |
were washed twice | 20 |
characterized by vomiting | 20 |
in the cell | 20 |
piglets in group | 20 |
the final manuscript | 20 |
mortality rates in | 20 |
activity of pedv | 20 |
the vaccine strain | 20 |
of pedv pl | 20 |
the type i | 20 |
of genetically diverse | 20 |
high mortality rates | 20 |
divided into four | 20 |
spread of pedv | 20 |
human immunodeficiency virus | 20 |
pedv is an | 20 |
field strains by | 20 |
were mixed with | 20 |
and pathogenesis of | 20 |
the icpc a | 20 |
are involved in | 20 |
including a novel | 20 |
terminus of the | 20 |
the most abundant | 20 |
induced by the | 20 |
diarrhea of a | 20 |
which is the | 20 |
to the us | 20 |
the small and | 20 |
with bovine serum | 20 |
apparently new syndrome | 20 |
isolation and sequence | 20 |
the structural proteins | 20 |
were orally inoculated | 20 |
in pbs for | 20 |
diverse us porcine | 20 |
shown that the | 20 |
was first detected | 20 |
was subjected to | 20 |
transfected with the | 20 |
s protein in | 20 |
inhibited pedv infection | 20 |
of the fusion | 20 |
the sequences of | 20 |
culture infectious dose | 20 |
villous atrophy in | 20 |
development of an | 20 |
treated with the | 20 |
swine diarrhea of | 20 |
provided by the | 20 |
an apparently new | 20 |
the vaccine strains | 20 |
to the pig | 20 |
the mechanisms of | 20 |
to those in | 20 |
of this virus | 20 |
and functional characterization | 20 |
due to its | 20 |
replication in the | 20 |
pc a strain | 20 |
serum and colostrum | 20 |
cov pl pro | 20 |
diarrhea in canada | 20 |
and used for | 20 |
the presence or | 20 |
swine fever virus | 20 |
cells were lysed | 20 |
debouck and pensaert | 20 |
cell adapted porcine | 20 |
sequences of pedv | 20 |
analyses were performed | 20 |
novel strain with | 20 |
and infected with | 20 |
analyses of the | 20 |
regions of the | 20 |
serum samples from | 20 |
entry of porcine | 20 |
sequence of pedv | 20 |
complete s gene | 20 |
strains including a | 20 |
suckling pigs had | 20 |
the ability to | 20 |
large number of | 20 |
length polymorphism analysis | 20 |
diarrhea virus by | 20 |
of innate immune | 20 |
virus strains including | 20 |
genomic rna and | 20 |
in nursing piglets | 20 |
new ica was | 20 |
simultaneous detection and | 20 |
with other pedv | 20 |
it is also | 20 |
nucleotide sequence of | 20 |
survival of pedv | 19 |
expression level of | 19 |
with the virus | 19 |
h prior to | 19 |
in us swine | 19 |
alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus | 19 |
and the other | 19 |
results suggested that | 19 |
by restriction fragment | 19 |
diarrhea virus dr | 19 |
mrna levels of | 19 |
there was a | 19 |
and g b | 19 |
introduction of pedv | 19 |
data were analyzed | 19 |
swine porcine epidemic | 19 |
the sequence of | 19 |
contaminated complete feed | 19 |
to be an | 19 |
antiviral activity against | 19 |
with the virulent | 19 |
ion channel protein | 19 |
was measured by | 19 |
serum samples collected | 19 |
virulent strain of | 19 |
the results were | 19 |
differentiation of a | 19 |
gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus | 19 |
leading to the | 19 |
from korean field | 19 |
piglets from the | 19 |
of alphacoronavirus and | 19 |
with virulent pedv | 19 |
in of the | 19 |
of ch jx | 19 |
the dna damage | 19 |
were collected for | 19 |
was identified as | 19 |
to the nucleus | 19 |
spike glycoprotein gene | 19 |
korean field isolates | 19 |
with an intact | 19 |
transferred to a | 19 |
which is a | 19 |
in porcine intestinal | 19 |
with the n | 19 |
review of current | 19 |
modified eagle medium | 19 |
and negative controls | 19 |
viral rna shedding | 19 |
in the genus | 19 |
large numbers of | 19 |
lower than those | 19 |
diseases of swine | 19 |
epithelial cells and | 19 |
original us pedv | 19 |
propagation of porcine | 19 |
of pedv with | 19 |
de arriba et | 19 |
in pregnant sows | 19 |
of attenuated porcine | 19 |
and sg mrna | 19 |
after infection with | 19 |
seen in figure | 19 |
the intestinal mucosa | 19 |
strains by restriction | 19 |
the evolution of | 19 |
of pedv from | 19 |
our previous study | 19 |
to elucidate the | 19 |
been identified as | 19 |
to understand the | 19 |
and cloned into | 19 |
early stage of | 19 |
of current epidemiology | 19 |
infection in pigs | 19 |
the us and | 19 |
carvajal et al | 19 |
and centrifuged at | 19 |
virus from korean | 19 |
diarrhoea virus and | 19 |
of mouse hepatitis | 19 |
terminal region of | 19 |
of pedv nsp | 19 |
incubated with pedv | 19 |
the feces of | 19 |
the genus deltacoronavirus | 19 |
arriba et al | 19 |
of pdcov in | 19 |
to each other | 19 |
nucleotide and amino | 19 |
the korean pedv | 19 |
a cellular receptor | 19 |
a highly contagious | 19 |
to the nucleolus | 19 |
diarrhea virus field | 19 |
of the reemerging | 19 |
and that the | 19 |
the mixture was | 19 |
amino acid residues | 19 |
for an additional | 19 |
as a template | 19 |
vero cell adapted | 19 |
h at c | 19 |
and available vaccines | 19 |
not significantly different | 19 |
epidemiology and available | 19 |
during the first | 19 |
read and approved | 19 |
polymorphism analysis of | 19 |
is a type | 19 |
in the ipec | 19 |
rna in serum | 19 |
acute diarrhea in | 19 |
than those in | 19 |
tcid ml of | 19 |
the virus and | 19 |
pedv and the | 19 |
was first identified | 19 |
swabs were collected | 19 |
was significantly lower | 19 |
vero cells grown | 19 |
funded by the | 19 |
incubated for min | 19 |
of s gene | 19 |
a type i | 19 |
was to determine | 19 |
resulted in the | 19 |
at and dpi | 19 |
pigs porcine epidemic | 19 |
pedv reference strains | 19 |
of sows with | 19 |
in this group | 19 |
the s indel | 19 |
inhibitory effects of | 19 |
of hnrnp a | 19 |
were cloned into | 19 |
current epidemiology and | 19 |
in the future | 19 |
further studies are | 19 |
diarrhea virus porcine | 19 |
is the main | 19 |
epidemic diarrhoea coronavirus | 19 |
based on these | 19 |
the detection and | 19 |
of virulence in | 19 |
prevention and control | 19 |
of other coronaviruses | 19 |
caused by a | 18 |
indicates that the | 18 |
a cause of | 18 |
attenuation of virulence | 18 |
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis | 18 |
the coronavirus spike | 18 |
role of the | 18 |
claims in published | 18 |
remains neutral with | 18 |
surface s proteins | 18 |
daily for clinical | 18 |
and serial propagation | 18 |
hou et al | 18 |
were measured by | 18 |
each of the | 18 |
to jurisdictional claims | 18 |
in published maps | 18 |
pedv rna shedding | 18 |
had the highest | 18 |
of the sows | 18 |
the mortality rate | 18 |
were inoculated orally | 18 |
was similar to | 18 |
arch virol doi | 18 |
that n protein | 18 |
weaned pigs at | 18 |
s and n | 18 |
of amino acids | 18 |
difference between the | 18 |
of blfp crude | 18 |
would like to | 18 |
replaced with fresh | 18 |
nature remains neutral | 18 |
of sars coronavirus | 18 |
the assay was | 18 |
limit of the | 18 |
diarrhea in pigs | 18 |
maps and institutional | 18 |
substantial economic losses | 18 |
length s gene | 18 |
that can be | 18 |
the regulation of | 18 |
a critical role | 18 |
were considered statistically | 18 |
the difference in | 18 |
in significant economic | 18 |
research and development | 18 |
vero cell attenuated | 18 |
the beginning of | 18 |
with different concentrations | 18 |
in both the | 18 |
n protein and | 18 |
isolation and serial | 18 |
neutral with regard | 18 |
to the cytoplasm | 18 |
vero cells at | 18 |
and treated with | 18 |
each well and | 18 |
h at room | 18 |
functional characterization of | 18 |
were no significant | 18 |
during the early | 18 |
that pedv entry | 18 |
studies showed that | 18 |
vero cells infected | 18 |
than of the | 18 |
of fcov type | 18 |
terminal domain of | 18 |
vlasova et al | 18 |
the virus is | 18 |
infection with a | 18 |
the viral rna | 18 |
c in a | 18 |
the cv strain | 18 |
and g a | 18 |
identified as the | 18 |
assays for the | 18 |
germany and the | 18 |
cells as described | 18 |
the membrane was | 18 |
under field conditions | 18 |
the activity of | 18 |
inoculated gn pigs | 18 |
results revealed that | 18 |
the united kingdom | 18 |
to the genus | 18 |
the university of | 18 |
the intestinal contents | 18 |
and institutional affiliations | 18 |
of the gene | 18 |
gene in the | 18 |
induction of neutralizing | 18 |
and partial characterization | 18 |
targeted rna recombination | 18 |
in spike protein | 18 |
of the animals | 18 |
evaluation of the | 18 |
of global porcine | 18 |
the inoculum was | 18 |
jurisdictional claims in | 18 |
extracts of ln | 18 |
with growth adaptation | 18 |
diarrhea viruses from | 18 |
using monoclonal antibodies | 18 |
s proteins were | 18 |
amount of pedv | 18 |
virus is a | 18 |
glycoprotein gene of | 18 |
for pedv detection | 18 |
in the g | 18 |
from the united | 18 |
in piglets in | 18 |
europe and asia | 18 |
to determine if | 18 |
virulence of the | 18 |
the piglets were | 18 |
by reverse transcription | 18 |
against the s | 18 |
and permeabilized with | 18 |
analysis of a | 18 |
jnk and erk | 18 |
comparison of porcine | 18 |
of the virulent | 18 |
these data indicate | 18 |
tryptose phosphate broth | 18 |
structural and functional | 18 |
piglets less than | 18 |
contributed to the | 18 |
of these viruses | 18 |
in pigs and | 18 |
was present in | 18 |
experimentally infected with | 18 |
to the editor | 18 |
sodium dodecyl sulfate | 18 |
severe clinical signs | 18 |
vero cells as | 18 |
mammalian and avian | 18 |
the possibility that | 18 |
as a cause | 18 |
the impact of | 18 |
in pedv infected | 18 |
infected vero e | 18 |
inhibitory effect of | 18 |
this suggests that | 18 |
severe atrophic enteritis | 18 |
an indirect elisa | 18 |
published maps and | 18 |
onset of clinical | 18 |
were confirmed by | 18 |
in cultured cells | 18 |
replication and pathogenesis | 18 |
as a receptor | 18 |
indel pedv strain | 18 |
for pedv rna | 18 |
supernatants were harvested | 18 |
cell entry of | 18 |
are associated with | 18 |
aminopeptidase n and | 18 |
antigenic relationships among | 18 |
regard to jurisdictional | 18 |
yuan et al | 18 |
pedv at an | 18 |
the cell lysates | 18 |
to verify the | 18 |
the findings of | 18 |
mediated by the | 18 |
cells were detected | 18 |
virus in south | 18 |
springer nature remains | 18 |
at dpi and | 18 |
pedv strains from | 18 |
the disease was | 18 |
endoplasmic reticulum stress | 18 |
a class i | 18 |
global porcine epidemic | 18 |
heterogeneity in spike | 18 |
first identified in | 18 |
a vehicle for | 18 |
partial characterization of | 18 |
pedv replication and | 18 |
cells were stained | 18 |
identified in this | 18 |
of the entire | 18 |
data suggest that | 18 |
serve as a | 18 |
been shown that | 18 |
and the pedv | 18 |
s genes of | 18 |
of diarrhea and | 18 |
could be observed | 17 |
the cleavage of | 17 |
viral replication in | 17 |
are shown as | 17 |
to the family | 17 |
is known to | 17 |
or infected with | 17 |
using vero cells | 17 |
in a previous | 17 |
equal volume of | 17 |
from the same | 17 |
cultures and partial | 17 |
currently circulating in | 17 |
veterinary diagnostic laboratory | 17 |
role of transportation | 17 |
vitro and attenuation | 17 |
detection of transmissible | 17 |
blocked with bovine | 17 |
the porcine aminopeptidase | 17 |
significant difference between | 17 |
in amino acid | 17 |
bat coronaviruses as | 17 |
up to days | 17 |
pan et al | 17 |
with those of | 17 |
interfere with the | 17 |
in comparison with | 17 |
after inoculation with | 17 |
virus shedding and | 17 |
was performed on | 17 |
associated with porcine | 17 |
i and type | 17 |
class i virus | 17 |
and evaluation of | 17 |
to the original | 17 |
china isolation and | 17 |
identity with the | 17 |
were as follows | 17 |
cells and ipec | 17 |
source of alphacoronavirus | 17 |
collected at hpi | 17 |
yc pedv strain | 17 |
infection in vero | 17 |
is a class | 17 |
is not a | 17 |
that there were | 17 |
prevent and control | 17 |
to weaned pigs | 17 |
content of the | 17 |
associated with growth | 17 |
that pedv is | 17 |
and has been | 17 |
large amounts of | 17 |
supports bat coronaviruses | 17 |
limit of detection | 17 |
like to thank | 17 |
in the virus | 17 |
gene and the | 17 |
of pedv by | 17 |
outbreak of pedv | 17 |
cd t cells | 17 |
dmem supplemented with | 17 |
diarrhea virus nucleocapsid | 17 |
and type iii | 17 |
levels of the | 17 |
compared with ifn | 17 |
the two pedv | 17 |
i virus fusion | 17 |
the proteins were | 17 |
immune responses by | 17 |
and molecular epidemiology | 17 |
protective efficacy of | 17 |
orf genes of | 17 |
were then incubated | 17 |
the application of | 17 |
avian coronaviruses in | 17 |
discovery of seven | 17 |
associated lymphoid tissues | 17 |
is necessary to | 17 |
performed in triplicate | 17 |
and analyzed by | 17 |
coronavirus spike proteins | 17 |
of gammacoronavirus and | 17 |
were selected for | 17 |
were centrifuged at | 17 |
with pedv in | 17 |
a fluorescence microscope | 17 |
at least one | 17 |
was mixed with | 17 |
and further sequence | 17 |
of pedv into | 17 |
hematoxylin and eosin | 17 |
was calculated as | 17 |
and s t | 17 |
enteric disease in | 17 |
corresponding to the | 17 |
virus was detected | 17 |
observed between the | 17 |
of seven novel | 17 |
quantification of transmissible | 17 |
determined by a | 17 |
rt for min | 17 |
source of gammacoronavirus | 17 |
avian coronaviruses as | 17 |
relative to the | 17 |
further sequence analysis | 17 |
by the addition | 17 |
with each other | 17 |
novel mammalian and | 17 |
in the nucleolus | 17 |
reported that the | 17 |
were challenged with | 17 |
from germany and | 17 |
virulent pedv strain | 17 |
contribution of the | 17 |
deltacoronavirus supports bat | 17 |
and can be | 17 |
g b pedv | 17 |
of cellular cholesterol | 17 |
and comparison of | 17 |
log tcid ml | 17 |
in asia and | 17 |
real time rt | 17 |
the virus to | 17 |
genome copies ml | 17 |
absence of trypsin | 17 |
level of the | 17 |
higher in the | 17 |
compared to that | 17 |
epithelium of the | 17 |
only a few | 17 |
the invasion rates | 17 |
high morbidity and | 17 |
porcine alveolar macrophages | 17 |
coronaviruses in the | 17 |
cell attenuated porcine | 17 |
protection against pedv | 17 |
pedv infection is | 17 |
rna in the | 17 |
the transmissible gastroenteritis | 17 |
in pigs in | 17 |
supported by a | 17 |
s t proteins | 17 |
natural feeding behavior | 17 |
confirmed that the | 17 |
n protein with | 17 |
virus fusion protein | 17 |
followed by cycles | 17 |
strains from the | 17 |
addition to the | 17 |
of pigs in | 17 |
aim of this | 17 |
for the duration | 17 |
virus in italy | 17 |
insight into the | 17 |
samples stored at | 17 |
for viral replication | 17 |
used to amplify | 17 |
the clinical signs | 17 |
performed using a | 17 |
madson et al | 17 |
encodes an ion | 17 |
inoculated with a | 17 |
at pids and | 17 |
the p group | 17 |
pigs compared to | 17 |
response to pedv | 17 |
h at rt | 17 |
and betacoronavirus and | 17 |
to develop a | 17 |
thought to be | 17 |
epidemiology of pedv | 17 |
to the global | 17 |
in the viral | 17 |
the membranes were | 17 |
cells grown in | 17 |
to the control | 17 |
inoculum was removed | 17 |
fecal samples from | 17 |
was kindly provided | 17 |
infectivity of pedv | 17 |
the cytoplasm and | 17 |
viruses from germany | 17 |
vaccines for porcine | 17 |
the early stage | 17 |
in the pathogenesis | 17 |
western blotting analysis | 17 |
was added and | 17 |
pedv and pdcov | 17 |
on day post | 17 |
vaccines have been | 17 |
virus strain from | 17 |
seven novel mammalian | 17 |
to compare the | 17 |
the culture supernatants | 17 |
authors read and | 17 |
essential for the | 17 |
characterized by acute | 17 |
cloning and further | 17 |
betacoronavirus and avian | 17 |
immune responses in | 17 |
virus titers were | 17 |
from the us | 17 |
was collected from | 17 |
of pedv hljby | 17 |
in europe in | 17 |
of this article | 17 |
required for the | 16 |
the reciprocal of | 16 |
that there is | 16 |
were present in | 16 |
numbers of pedv | 16 |
the proportions of | 16 |
protein and the | 16 |
number of pigs | 16 |
the fusion core | 16 |
disease characterized by | 16 |
coe and rlppg | 16 |
numbers of serotonin | 16 |
phylogenetic trees were | 16 |
and found that | 16 |
effects of the | 16 |
vet res doi | 16 |
s gene were | 16 |
fusion of the | 16 |
stranded rna virus | 16 |
and cultured in | 16 |
been reported that | 16 |
as the reciprocal | 16 |
in the previous | 16 |
western blot and | 16 |
in group were | 16 |
signs of ped | 16 |
debouck et al | 16 |
evolution of the | 16 |
diarrhoea caused by | 16 |
as a control | 16 |
pedv infection by | 16 |
binding to the | 16 |
medium supplemented with | 16 |
be used for | 16 |
hpi and hpi | 16 |
and genetic characterization | 16 |
of three independent | 16 |
not detected in | 16 |
the mesenteric lymph | 16 |
and specificity of | 16 |
a novel porcine | 16 |
that pedv nsp | 16 |
were separated by | 16 |
in swine porcine | 16 |
a lack of | 16 |
targeting the s | 16 |
within the s | 16 |
nuclei were stained | 16 |
that did not | 16 |
fusion core complex | 16 |
h after transfection | 16 |
the recombinant protein | 16 |
determined by the | 16 |
in conventional pigs | 16 |
of the order | 16 |
pedv strain pc | 16 |
pbs for min | 16 |
amino acid positions | 16 |
all authors read | 16 |
at pid and | 16 |
and cells were | 16 |
as a source | 16 |
h post infection | 16 |
letter to the | 16 |
in the negative | 16 |
coronavirus related to | 16 |
studies are needed | 16 |
murine hepatitis virus | 16 |
rna genome of | 16 |
the sialic acid | 16 |
were measured using | 16 |
suggested that pedv | 16 |
of the data | 16 |
and then the | 16 |
it can be | 16 |
porcine deltacoronavirus in | 16 |
seven open reading | 16 |
an equal volume | 16 |
of the proteins | 16 |
virus replication in | 16 |
infectivity of icpc | 16 |
in the sera | 16 |
groups a and | 16 |
were calculated using | 16 |
a consequence of | 16 |
contaminated feed as | 16 |
apn positive cells | 16 |
prrsv or pedv | 16 |
regulates virus production | 16 |
but not the | 16 |
virus infection and | 16 |
the results indicated | 16 |
pedv g b | 16 |
and pedv infection | 16 |
the analysis of | 16 |
was lower than | 16 |
of the inoculated | 16 |
virus infection of | 16 |
strains isolated in | 16 |
cells with pedv | 16 |
pl pro s | 16 |
were consistent with | 16 |
swine industry in | 16 |
phosphate buffered saline | 16 |
and used as | 16 |
science and technology | 16 |
was approved by | 16 |
the results are | 16 |
the structure of | 16 |
by cycles of | 16 |
was expressed as | 16 |
fecal virus shedding | 16 |
defined as the | 16 |
genbank accession numbers | 16 |
strains have been | 16 |
epithelial cell line | 16 |
watery diarrhea in | 16 |
virus associated with | 16 |
revealed that pedv | 16 |
along with the | 16 |
channel protein and | 16 |
data showed that | 16 |
in south china | 16 |
had no effect | 16 |
diarrhea virus genome | 16 |
across the country | 16 |
increase in the | 16 |
to be more | 16 |
the inhibitory effects | 16 |
high mortality rate | 16 |
such as pedv | 16 |
old piglets were | 16 |
for at least | 16 |
of the experiment | 16 |
epidemic of diarrhoea | 16 |
in viral replication | 16 |
monitored daily for | 16 |
strains in china | 16 |
is based on | 16 |
virus replication and | 16 |
not in the | 16 |
diarrhea virus isolate | 16 |
of spike gene | 16 |
proteolytic cleavage of | 16 |
phylogenetic tree was | 16 |
the nucleus and | 16 |
twice with pbs | 16 |
deposited in genbank | 16 |
were determined using | 16 |
n protein in | 16 |
that pedv n | 16 |
was visualized using | 16 |
rate of the | 16 |
was evaluated by | 16 |
apn negative cells | 16 |
with cell culture | 16 |
and control groups | 16 |
the titer of | 16 |
the binding of | 16 |
variant strain of | 16 |
using trizol reagent | 16 |
protein gene of | 16 |
with some modifications | 16 |
immune response to | 16 |
infected or infected | 16 |
with bound tgev | 16 |
pedv classical attenuated | 16 |
be responsible for | 16 |
was replaced with | 16 |
of two novel | 16 |
until the end | 16 |
and serum samples | 16 |
divided into three | 16 |
positive cells were | 16 |
and vaccine strains | 16 |
and control of | 16 |
attenuated vaccine strain | 16 |
the pigs were | 16 |
length genome sequence | 16 |
to control the | 16 |
infection of vero | 16 |
pedv entry into | 16 |
a cell culture | 16 |
the mechanism of | 16 |
pedv antibodies in | 16 |
was not detected | 16 |
critical role in | 16 |
the duplex rt | 16 |
the occurrence of | 16 |
in the colostrum | 16 |
of diarrhoea caused | 16 |
the piglets in | 16 |
sows with a | 16 |
were exposed to | 16 |
of the other | 15 |
concentrations of the | 15 |
a nitrocellulose membrane | 15 |
been used as | 15 |
antiviral innate immune | 15 |
the source of | 15 |
the crude extract | 15 |
involved in pedv | 15 |
of the villi | 15 |
cv and dr | 15 |
titer in the | 15 |
pedv strains at | 15 |
infected with a | 15 |
the inhibitory effect | 15 |
rna and sg | 15 |
as a viral | 15 |
a final extension | 15 |
of virus shedding | 15 |
to our knowledge | 15 |
of pedv field | 15 |
parts of the | 15 |
a virulent pedv | 15 |
for rapid detection | 15 |
in all groups | 15 |
in the gastrointestinal | 15 |
nucleotide sequence identity | 15 |
the origin of | 15 |
novel swine enteric | 15 |
of transportation in | 15 |
and regulates virus | 15 |
and application of | 15 |
the plate was | 15 |
pedv and other | 15 |
the content of | 15 |
the partial spike | 15 |
vaccine strain cv | 15 |
the host cells | 15 |
after washing with | 15 |
of less than | 15 |
for h prior | 15 |
caused by the | 15 |
in a single | 15 |
derived from the | 15 |
for induction of | 15 |
weaned pigs had | 15 |
has shown that | 15 |
and porcine group | 15 |
proteolytic activation of | 15 |
and virulence of | 15 |
of human coronavirus | 15 |
graphpad prism software | 15 |
tested in the | 15 |
clinical disease and | 15 |
orally immunized with | 15 |
may be a | 15 |
virulent pedv strains | 15 |
epitopes of the | 15 |
proteins have been | 15 |
genome of the | 15 |
specificity and sensitivity | 15 |
values of the | 15 |
times with pbst | 15 |
shown in the | 15 |
immune response against | 15 |
c for s | 15 |
of the method | 15 |
sense rna virus | 15 |
method for the | 15 |
pigs had significantly | 15 |
and protective efficacy | 15 |
the differences between | 15 |
density to porcine | 15 |
used to infect | 15 |
as vaccine candidate | 15 |
the molecular epidemiology | 15 |
gene expression of | 15 |
were observed between | 15 |
indirect elisa was | 15 |
role in pedv | 15 |
in the regulation | 15 |
innate immune system | 15 |
first detected in | 15 |
the us in | 15 |
epidermal growth factor | 15 |
p and p | 15 |
was conducted using | 15 |
in the development | 15 |
from the pedv | 15 |
in the lamina | 15 |
activation of nf | 15 |
in spread of | 15 |
filtered through a | 15 |
region of pedv | 15 |
reciprocal of the | 15 |
together with the | 15 |
pedv isolates and | 15 |
of the negative | 15 |
basis for the | 15 |
new insights into | 15 |
i and iii | 15 |
on ice for | 15 |