quadgram

This is a table of type quadgram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

quadgram	frequency
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus	31
gray and jmk strains	30
the gray and jmk	28
hpai h n viruses	21
k b e a	20
m k b e	20
j m k b	20
of porcine epidemic diarrhea	19
amino acid sequences of	19
the deduced amino acid	17
deduced amino acid sequence	17
of the s subunit	15
highly pathogenic avian influenza	15
amino acid sequence of	14
porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus	14
nucleotide and amino acid	14
cl and d br	14
the online version of	14
deduced amino acid sequences	14
version of this article	13
which is available to	13
play a role in	13
online version of this	13
rna was extracted from	13
available to authorized users	13
is available to authorized	13
g t t a	12
the nucleotide sequence of	12
a g t t	12
the n gene of	12
b e a t	11
nucleotide sequence of the	11
used in this study	11
the nucleotide sequences of	11
of the gray and	11
between the s and	11
b e a c	11
codon usage bias in	11
as well as the	11
a t c a	10
for the detection of	10
c t a a	10
c a g t	10
the amino acid sequence	10
for the presence of	10
orf a and orf	10
amino acid sequences were	10
a c c a	10
the pcr products were	10
t a g c	10
phylogenetic analysis of the	10
severe acute respiratory syndrome	10
m and n genes	10
was used as a	10
nucleotide sequences of the	10
this is the first	9
in the present study	9
the presence of a	9
a g c t	9
the results showed that	9
t t a g	9
viral rna was extracted	9
of the n gene	9
g c a c	9
a c t a	9
sequence analysis of the	9
pathogenic and attenuated viruses	9
with the exception of	9
of hpai h n	9
a j m k	9
t g a g	9
a c a a	9
and jmk strains had	9
t t a t	9
as shown in fig	9
a c t c	9
t c a g	9
of cv and br	9
t c a t	8
t a a c	8
was carried out using	8
t a t a	8
c a t c	8
of avian influenza a	8
gc content of the	8
base usage and dinucleotide	8
the effective codon number	8
g j m k	8
acid sequences of the	8
at the end of	8
a c a t	8
g c t a	8
c a a g	8
g g c a	8
t g t t	8
t a t c	8
t a c a	8
a t t t	8
a and orf b	8
of h n viruses	8
t t g g	8
of the leader rna	8
the leader rna sequences	8
a member of the	8
h n avian influenza	8
of the s glycoprotein	8
t a g a	8
acid sequence of the	8
the m gene of	8
in the presence of	8
c a c t	8
c a a a	8
high case fatality rate	8
c c a t	8
strain was isolated from	7
end of the genome	7
a t a g	7
the s subunit of	7
the codon usage bias	7
an important role in	7
porcine reproductive and respiratory	7
t a g t	7
c a c c	7
this work was supported	7
acid deletion in the	7
t t t g	7
g g a c	7
t t t a	7
the international committee on	7
the m and n	7
t t a c	7
were designed based on	7
t g g c	7
was found to be	7
g a t t	7
more closely related to	7
of all amino acid	7
a a a g	7
reproductive and respiratory syndrome	7
g a g g	7
a a g t	7
usage and dinucleotide frequency	7
g g c t	7
of the virus in	7
of the s gene	7
be involved in the	7
a g c g	7
and respiratory syndrome virus	7
avian infectious bronchitis virus	7
showed the presence of	7
a g a a	7
the end of the	7
complete genome sequences of	7
of type ii fcov	7
porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus	7
samples were collected from	7
a c a c	7
c a t t	7
the s and s	7
g t t g	7
a t a t	7
a g t a	7
a a c t	7
t t t t	7
h n influenza virus	7
were found to be	7
the leader rna sequence	7
t t g a	7
c t t a	6
of the genomic rna	6
of rpv l protein	6
c t c a	6
h n viruses from	6
a a c c	6
work was supported by	6
influenza a h n	6
the majority of the	6
the gc content of	6
of the international committee	6
classified into the asia	6
in the rd position	6
t t c t	6
the amount of viral	6
as a template for	6
nucleotides downstream of the	6
t a a t	6
targeting the m gene	6
members of the poxviridae	6
g t t t	6
the amino acid sequences	6
results showed that the	6
a t t g	6
a t a a	6
for the s subunit	6
in any of the	6
a g a c	6
a c c t	6
a a c a	6
c a t a	6
a c g a	6
the size of the	6
between pathogenic and attenuated	6
c a t g	6
a h n virus	6
predicted amino acid sequences	6
was carried out in	6
the signal peptide region	6
a t t a	6
in the case of	6
c c a a	6
sequences were aligned using	6
deletion in the s	6
t g g t	6
amino acid substitutions in	6
the detection limit of	6
and the presence of	6
g t c a	6
at each codon positions	6
chicken and turkey samples	6
of the m gene	6
the receptor binding site	6
amino acid deletion in	6
in all of the	6
acid changes between the	6
and phylogenetic analysis of	6
a g t g	6
all amino acid differences	6
a t c t	6
amino acid changes between	6
leader complex binding site	6
plays an important role	6
g a a g	6
j m k c	6
c a g a	6
a role in the	6
g a g t	6
have been detected in	6
the complete genome sequences	6
is the first report	6
followed by cycles of	6
was first reported in	6
t c t g	6
a t g a	6
s and s subunits	6
in contrast to the	6
a final extension at	6
a a g c	6
hpai h n virus	5
amino acid changes in	5
t a a g	5
of influenza a virus	5
the s and e	5
of highly pathogenic avian	5
pathogenic avian influenza viruses	5
the s gene of	5
most closely related to	5
be due to the	5
g g t c	5
the n protein of	5
the sensitivity of the	5
in the natural host	5
of h n influenza	5
as shown in table	5
c t a g	5
for the development of	5
a key role in	5
of orf a and	5
international committee on taxonomy	5
t g c t	5
similar to that of	5
the chinju n gene	5
many cases of acute	5
and jmk strains of	5
the differences in the	5
it was found that	5
of acute infectious diarrhoea	5
was isolated from the	5
of each of the	5
n avian influenza virus	5
a a a c	5
the cl and d	5
a a t a	5
a g a t	5
all of the viruses	5
the chinju n protein	5
acute infectious diarrhoea in	5
been shown to be	5
important role in the	5
ark and ark dpi	5
nucleotide and deduced amino	5
by agarose gel electrophoresis	5
one of the most	5
the analysis of the	5
a wide range of	5
in this study are	5
position of the codon	5
differences in the amino	5
t a a a	5
c a c a	5
cells transfected with prnat	5
n gene of pedv	5
of the virus and	5
avian influenza viruses in	5
is consistent with the	5
of the viral rna	5
thought to be the	5
is shown in fig	5
of the amino acid	5
at the beginning of	5
in the united states	5
is a member of	5
may be involved in	5
h n viruses in	5
in the s gene	5
human hpai h n	5
g g t t	5
acknowledgments this work was	5
were observed in the	5
t c g t	5
infectious diarrhoea in dogs	5
colloidal gold test strip	5
g t a g	5
a g c c	5
cells were infected with	5
litter samples collected from	5
does not seem to	5
secondary structure of the	5
codon usage in csfv	5
is the most abundant	5
tree was constructed using	5
the predicted secondary structure	5
m gene of tgev	5
the s glycoprotein gene	5
the molecular detection of	5
proc nat acad sci	5
g t g t	5
c g t g	5
in this study were	5
of the frameshift site	5
described in this study	5
cases of acute infectious	5
of the same serotype	5
the published sequences of	5
analysis of the partial	5
a g g c	5
a g a g	5
structure of the s	5
a t g g	5
c g c a	5
the sequence of the	5
has been shown to	5
the phylogenetic relationship of	5
on taxonomy of viruses	5
of chk and trk	5
s and e genes	5
committee on taxonomy of	5
e a t g	5
carried out in a	5
porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses	5
it has been shown	5
the pathogenic and attenuated	5
strains lsu and ok	5
a g g t	5
t g j m	5
t g a a	5
are shown in fig	5
the presence of the	5
the porcine epidemic diarrhea	5
c b e a	5
was extracted from the	5
it is interesting to	5
usage bias in csfv	5
the first report of	5
and deduced amino acid	5
g c g a	5
designed based on the	5
of tgev and prcv	5
the relative abundance of	5
s e i t	4
was also found in	4
g t g a	4
also found in the	4
and amino acid sequence	4
detection of novel picornaviruses	4
c t g t	4
for codon usage variation	4
phylogenetic trees were constructed	4
c g a t	4
viruses of the same	4
is one of the	4
our results indicate that	4
neurological disease in cattle	4
dependent rna polymerase gene	4
of the vt strain	4
from the faeces of	4
detection of caliciviruses in	4
the results of the	4
plays important roles in	4
in the pathogenic virus	4
in the secondary structure	4
the high case fatality	4
c a c g	4
purdue strain of tgev	4
this study was supported	4
of a number of	4
were aligned with the	4
s indel pedv strains	4
the connecticut and florida	4
were also found in	4
a a a a	4
h n viruses isolated	4
compared to those of	4
have been found to	4
viruses have nt differences	4
to target the m	4
with the published sequences	4
is the main factor	4
c t a t	4
were not detected in	4
of the viral genome	4
and the severity of	4
acid substitutions in the	4
were performed using the	4
codon usage variation among	4
isolated from the faeces	4
c t a c	4
g c t g	4
n viruses from indonesia	4
of the deduced amino	4
the f protein of	4
t g g a	4
on the basis of	4
of pedv in the	4
primers p and p	4
for the s gene	4
t t a a	4
between virulent and avirulent	4
a t a c	4
t c g a	4
t c t t	4
in the f region	4
a t g t	4
was constructed using the	4
revealed the presence of	4
trees were constructed using	4
for min at c	4
g s e i	4
the exception of the	4
g a c t	4
leader rna sequences from	4
g c c a	4
t a t g	4
was supported by the	4
as can be seen	4
n highly pathogenic avian	4
g g t a	4
was performed using the	4
it is possible that	4
viral strain was isolated	4
between type i fcov	4
g a g a	4
of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis	4
the virus in the	4
the complete d pol	4
the causative agent of	4
conserved amino acid motifs	4
have been infected with	4
the genes encoding the	4
protein of amino acids	4
analysis indicated that the	4
of the complete d	4
could be due to	4
the amount of virus	4
c t c g	4
shrnas targeting the m	4
variation in synonymous codon	4
of p and f	4
inhibition of pdcov replication	4
of codon usage bias	4
is specific for the	4
with those of other	4
and n genes of	4
that the amount of	4
coronavirus leader rna sequences	4
is most closely related	4
in accordance with the	4
a detection limit of	4
of amino acids with	4
t t g t	4
a t t c	4
downstream of the frameshift	4
a c t t	4
can be used as	4
on the deduced amino	4
two open reading frames	4
phylogenetic analysis of porcine	4
j m k t	4
linked phosphorylation sites by	4
g g a g	4
of the s protein	4
and amino acid sequences	4
complete genome sequence of	4
g t g g	4
those of cv and	4
c a a c	4
of the h protein	4
gene of porcine epidemic	4
kinase ii phosphorylation sites	4
between the ark viruses	4
the predicted amino acid	4
of the genome and	4
s protein is a	4
rbcv strains lsu and	4
have been shown to	4
g a c c	4
studies have shown that	4
cells were inoculated with	4
values in coa and	4
type i fcov and	4
c t c t	4
a g t c	4
infectious bursal disease virus	4
t g t a	4
t a c t	4
a c c c	4
development of genetically engineered	4
late period of the	4
were aligned using the	4
t t g c	4
bovine viral diarrhea virus	4
was observed in the	4
of the nucleoprotein gene	4
restriction fragment length polymorphism	4
was calculated for each	4
s subunit of the	4
was more closely related	4
total rna was extracted	4
the pedv n gene	4
and a final extension	4
h n highly pathogenic	4
it was suggested that	4
cells were incubated for	4
the entire genome of	4
a a g g	4
were used in this	4
may play a role	4
in order to identify	4
end of orf a	4
the porcine transmissible gastroenteritis	4
k c b e	4
the development of genetically	4
to better understand the	4
used as a template	4
to those of other	4
g c g c	4
primers were designed based	4
differences between pathogenic and	4
t b e a	4
and sequence analysis of	4
different regions of the	4
a nested set of	4
g a a a	4
were shown to be	4
g t a c	4
of h n avian	4
a consequence of the	4
were found to have	4
axis values in coa	4
report of the international	4
is involved in the	4
the formation of a	4
of type i fcov	4
florida and connecticut strains	4
the alignment of the	4
large s gene deletion	4
e a c a	4
virus was propagated in	4
are closely related to	4
gene coding for the	4
for the florida strain	4
ml dmem fcs ps	4
in chicken and turkey	4
did not show any	4
remained to be investigated	4
member of the coronaviridae	4
sensitivity of the rt	4
be seen from fig	4
the florida and connecticut	4
are listed in table	4
led us to examine	4
g c t t	4
can be seen from	4
virulence of h n	4
sequence of the n	4
c c t a	4
in the s protein	4
s e i c	4
the end of orf	4
of synonymous codon usage	4
a a t t	4
mutational pressure is the	4
a a g a	4
a c g t	4
a protein of amino	4
used to amplify the	4
in line with the	4
m k c b	4
t g t c	4
upstream of the nucleoprotein	4
t c a a	4
t g t g	4
amino acid sequence data	4
a c a g	4
the s glycoprotein is	4
in addition to the	4
genome consists of a	4
t g a c	4
on the other hand	4
the antigenic properties of	4
b e a a	4
t c t a	4
in synonymous codon usage	4
casein kinase ii phosphorylation	4
n genes of pdcov	4
the virus was propagated	4
g t a a	4
t g c g	4
g g g a	4
c g a g	4
for the rt reaction	4
g a c a	4
of avian influenza viruses	4
phylogenetic analysis based on	4
in the amino acid	4
of the virus to	4
to each other than	4
and avian infectious bronchitis	4
the s glycoprotein of	4
the fact that the	4
the viral rna was	4
g t c c	4
b e a g	4
of influenza a h	3
for the production of	3
pathogenic h n avian	3
incubated for min at	3
located at the end	3
tested for the presence	3
period of the outbreak	3
predicted secondary structure of	3
a a t g	3
the results of a	3
allantoic fluid of normal	3
it is important to	3
were separated by electrophoresis	3
to play a role	3
propagation of the virus	3
transmission to other species	3
first reported in england	3
a a c g	3
based on the deduced	3
the s subunit for	3
of cl and d	3
culture adapted tgev tmk	3
plays a role in	3
most abundant component of	3
of the disease have	3
synonymous codon usage among	3
st cells transfected with	3
g c t c	3
a number of other	3
a number of retroviral	3
of caliciviruses in avian	3
g a g c	3
changes resulting in amino	3
adapted tgev tmk strain	3
with neurological disease in	3
the m protein is	3
closely related to chinese	3
e a c t	3
to those of cv	3
were downloaded from genbank	3
acid sequences of s	3
complete genome of a	3
variation in codon usage	3
of the stop codon	3
is a type i	3
coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus	3
was identified in the	3
the base usage at	3
for the n gene	3
fecal swabs collected from	3
was similar to the	3
a h n viruses	3
connecticut and florida strains	3
when compared to the	3
connecting loops ll and	3
sequence encoding the entire	3
min at c and	3
the present study showed	3
are shown in table	3
of the entire genome	3
ark and mass viruses	3
was used for the	3
the proteolytic cleavage site	3
it will be interesting	3
deletion in the pathogenic	3
in all coronaviruses sequenced	3
we are grateful to	3
gene was carried out	3
g c a a	3
at rich in the	3
pedv in the field	3
have nt differences with	3
by a final extension	3
evolution of h n	3
generation of monoclonal antibodies	3
as can be concluded	3
the exception of a	3
the genetic and antigenic	3
and deduced amino acids	3
and sequencing of the	3
of the ibdv genome	3
differences between rbcv and	3
amino acid identity with	3
that codon usage is	3
of the spike gene	3
other members of the	3
were also found to	3
secondary structures of the	3
with other pedv strains	3
which was previously isolated	3
amino acid sequence were	3
the variation in synonymous	3
limit of the rt	3
was complementary to the	3
of other bat pyvs	3
loops ll and l	3
and to a lesser	3
glycoprotein genes of the	3
analysis of cdv strains	3
of nt for the	3
strain than to the	3
inhibit pdcov replication in	3
both chickens and turkeys	3
and ark dpi strains	3
cases of avian influenza	3
the nucleotide sequences were	3
the general correlation between	3
rna was used as	3
region of the s	3
structure downstream of the	3
each codon positions was	3
fluid of normal chicken	3
in piglets infected experimentally	3
information for the development	3
from a common ancestor	3
have been deposited in	3
encoded a protein of	3
h n viruses were	3
cleavage site of the	3
compared with that of	3
virus in cell culture	3
amino acid sequence identities	3
still causes many cases	3
with high specificity and	3
which was different from	3
a a t c	3
to type i fcovs	3
in vitro and in	3
two amino acid deletions	3
for virus replication in	3
t t c g	3
g a m c	3
the genetic relationships between	3
virulence might affect codon	3
conserved region of the	3
to that of the	3
the detection of pedv	3
the high frequency of	3
axis value in coa	3
is part of the	3
the cleavage site of	3
proposed for rsv rna	3
classical swine fever virus	3
in the spike glycoprotein	3
it was reported that	3
site is specific for	3
of transmissible gastroenteritis virus	3
of the pedv orf	3
mutational pressure and translational	3
a single amino acid	3
cell culture adapted tgev	3
on the sequence of	3
the newly isolated viruses	3
n gene of ljb	3
across the entire genome	3
rflp serotype identification test	3
has not been reported	3
acid differences are observed	3
highly pathogenic h n	3
only one amino acid	3
g t a t	3
the s gene and	3
not essential for virus	3
the synthesis of a	3
analysis was carried out	3
was also detected in	3
were found in the	3
are thought to be	3
from a double recombination	3
t a c g	3
litter extracts collected from	3
diarrhoea in dogs in	3
that pedv is most	3
these results suggest that	3
s glycoprotein for the	3
just downstream of the	3
in the overlap region	3
one tyrosine kinase phosphorylation	3
that targeted the m	3
between rbcv and ebcv	3
complex from insect cells	3
t c g g	3
found upstream of the	3
for the ark viruses	3
pedv s protein is	3
conserved to each other	3
the amplified dna products	3
from chickens with rss	3
that the replicase proteins	3
cell line derived from	3
protein is a type	3
sequence analysis indicated that	3
more sensitive than the	3
kinase c phosphorylation sites	3
from chronically infected alemow	3
in the coding region	3
case fatality rate of	3
are not essential for	3
one piglet was inoculated	3
specificity of the rt	3
k t b e	3
differences between virulent and	3
for virus isolation and	3
identical to that of	3
on a agarose gel	3
t g g g	3
and litter extracts collected	3
of tgev in cell	3
in amino acid changes	3
on a agrose gel	3
amino acids with predicted	3
protein genes of porcine	3
synonymous codon usage bias	3
by site directed mutagenesis	3
usage at each codon	3
strains of ibv in	3
acid differences observed between	3
in the signal peptide	3
the s subunit can	3
with other members of	3
avian h n viruses	3
detected in the trachea	3
the genetic diversity of	3
based on the phylogenetic	3
the main factors that	3
feces using trizol ls	3
nucleotide sequence encoding the	3
previous study suggested that	3
had a close relationship	3
further confirmed that the	3
nine casein kinase ii	3
t g a t	3
analysis of the dinucleotide	3
in vitro methyl transferase	3
of the n and	3
causes many cases of	3
the purdue strain of	3
avian influenza a viruses	3
play a key role	3
sequences of the n	3
virus detected in the	3
for the gray and	3
viruses described in this	3
from a tibetan mastiff	3
p and ch gsjiii	3
avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis	3
the fipv orf b	3
in the binding of	3
t a c c	3
tgev in cell culture	3
entire genome after nsp	3
this is consistent with	3
c t t c	3
products were detected by	3
at c for min	3
resulting in amino acid	3
from chicken and turkey	3
t t m t	3
detection limit of the	3
of pedv based on	3
sequenced in both directions	3
dependent protein kinase phosphorylation	3
the full genome of	3
of the virion and	3
n viruses isolated from	3
the differences between the	3
was found at the	3
of normal chicken embryos	3
it was proposed that	3
reported in england in	3
of sour orange seedlings	3
phylogenetic tree was constructed	3
wide range of hosts	3
the h gene of	3
pdcov replication in vitro	3
all of the known	3
and amino acid differences	3
rbcv and ebcv strains	3
as well as in	3
have been used to	3
a g g a	3
at the macrogen institute	3
for the h protein	3
nucleotide sequences of pedv	3
polyprotein and segment b	3
of viral rnas in	3
we found that the	3
pigs of all ages	3
in some retroviral rnas	3
of the s segment	3
n gene open reading	3
the rdrp and orf	3
pcr was carried out	3
s subunit for the	3
h n influenza a	3
c g t t	3
of the porcine epidemic	3
was performed in a	3
the ibv gray and	3
different from those of	3
and genetic diversity of	3
t t c a	3
molecular characterization and phylogenetic	3
jmk strains of ibv	3
immediately adjacent to the	3
the od value of	3
associated with neurological disease	3
ribosomal frame shift site	3
been shown to have	3
in a number of	3
g a t g	3
recommended by the manufacturer	3
base usage at p	3
t s e i	3
one viral strain was	3
for each amino acid	3
human cases of avian	3
between the gray and	3
national center for biotechnology	3
the first and second	3
the reaction mixture was	3
ntu was more closely	3
in the synthesis of	3
the m protein of	3
viruses as well as	3
obtained in our study	3
has been used to	3
to be the main	3
molecular characterization of the	3
be related to the	3
it is likely that	3
factors that account for	3
at a concentration of	3
using trizol ls b	3
were extracted from the	3
infect a wide range	3
fipv interstructural gene region	3
the s glycoprotein for	3
of the m and	3
e i t t	3
isolates are closely related	3
with hpai h n	3
a a a t	3
of the s and	3
pressure and translational selection	3
the entire genome after	3
within the f protein	3
lsu and ok were	3
ibv gray and jmk	3
c g a a	3
determined and compared with	3
amino acid differences observed	3
of the n protein	3
for in vitro methyl	3
analysis of the nucleotide	3
in the usa and	3
a few amino acid	3
were added to the	3
pressure is the main	3
amino acid substitutions within	3
chinju n protein had	3
amino acid sequences revealed	3
moloney murine leukemia virus	3
vitro and in vivo	3
of a novel adenovirus	3
of the f protein	3
in the entire genome	3
c a g c	3
were included in the	3
primers were designed to	3
chronically infected alemow plants	3
evolutionary relationships between the	3
used to develop a	3
t g c a	3
of human h n	3
f protein of cdv	3
the specificity of the	3
the inability of the	3
a titer of tcid	3
conducted as previously described	3
c t g a	3
most variable orf in	3
be the main factors	3
and porcine respiratory coronavirus	3
ppi t t g	3
incubated for h at	3
alemow plants infected with	3
protein kinase phosphorylation sites	3
thv and thv d	3
and amino acid identity	3
of the coronaviridae family	3
potential protein kinase c	3
in comparison with the	3
in the third position	3
of the chinju n	3
could be used to	3
the n protein is	3
e a t a	3
tyrosine kinase phosphorylation site	3
the length of the	3
sequence comparison of the	3
that account for codon	3
were transfected with prnat	3
tissue culture infectious dose	3
the baculovirus expression system	3
for rapid detection of	3
in domestic pigs and	3
detection of porcine epidemic	3
feline infectious peritonitis virus	3
highlight the importance of	3
of h n highly	3
is more sensitive than	3
essential for virus replication	3
cdna for the n	3
component of the viral	3
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus	3
within the s gene	3
the first two axes	3
in a co atmosphere	3
short hairpin rnas targeting	3
with that of the	3
cap methyl transferase activity	3
porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus	3
differentiate the two strains	3
and other members of	3
abundant component of the	3
the disease have been	3
the cdna fragments were	3
the ga cwl virus	3
veroe cells were inoculated	3
the evolutionary relationships between	3
can be the feasible	3
was determined by quantitative	3
a c t g	3
were calculated by the	3
for the accurate and	3
the most abundant component	3
this suggests that the	3
attenuation of the virus	3
center for biotechnology information	3
for most of the	3
a ten amino acid	3
isolation and characterization of	3
the rest of the	3
vitro methyl transferase assay	3
were cloned into the	3
suggesting the presence of	3
accurate and early diagnosis	3
detection limit of rt	3
lower than the expected	3
cells were seeded in	3
the nucleoprotein mrna species	3
followed by a final	3
g c a t	3
associated with human adaptation	3
study was supported by	3
virulent and avirulent strains	3
characterization and phylogenetic analysis	3
the fipv interstructural gene	3
the f protein is	3
the failure of the	3
determinant of host range	3
the h and h	3
not seem to be	3
terminal domain of the	3
webserver for aligning non	3
primers for the rt	3
we did not find	3
the ark and ark	3
the colloidal gold test	3
as part of the	3
m and e proteins	3
african green monkey kidney	3
that cause diarrhea in	3
more conserved to each	3
the accurate and early	3
molecular detection of novel	3
a t g c	3
similarity with the published	3
of novel picornaviruses in	3
piglet was inoculated with	3
the ability to infect	3
main factors that account	3
the main factor that	3
amino acid differences are	3
ten amino acid deletion	3
and was used for	3
sequence and phylogenetic analysis	3
leader rna sequence was	3
on the phylogenetic relationship	3
p complex from insect	3
did not include the	3
and infectious bronchitis virus	3
c t g c	3
a g c a	3
might affect codon usage	3
samples of the infected	3
glycosylation site is specific	3
upstream of the initiator	3
pedv is most closely	3
e a c g	3
changes in the s	3
titer of tcid ml	3
rna polymerase gene of	3
codon usage variation in	3
number of amino acid	3
g a a sei	3
as recommended by the	3
at a titer of	3
base usage at each	3
ay taiwan tc ay	3
end of the leader	3
g t c g	3
pathogenic avian influenza virus	3
significant variation in codon	3
strains of the same	3
lm of each of	3
for each of the	3
that the two viruses	3
genes of porcine epidemic	3
genome sequences of two	3
c c a c	3
m k t b	3
seven potential protein kinase	3
evolution of type ii	3
nucleotides and deduced amino	3
primer set for the	3
was classified into the	3
piglets were inoculated with	3
to a lesser extent	3
protein is the most	3
four major structural proteins	3
were tested for the	3
c c c a	3
a reverse transcription loop	3
the cv and br	3
at p and p	3
with the onderstepoort strain	3
located at base positions	3
to determine whether the	3
n avian influenza viruses	3
c a j m	3
the virus titer was	3
the evolution of type	3
c c sei t	3
amplification and sequencing of	3
it has been proposed	3
line derived from the	3
variable orf in the	3
amino acid differences were	3
acid changes in the	3
are maintained in bat	3
orf in the entire	3
based on the s	3
aligned using the clustal	3
account for codon usage	3
with primers p and	3
sequence was used for	3
glycosylation site upstream the	3
been deposited in genbank	3
from the h and	3
has been shown in	3
we would predict that	3
the s subunit is	3
the nucleotide sequence encoding	3
each other than to	3
codon usage bias and	3
samples collected from egg	3
type ii fcov is	3
amino acid residues in	3
molecular detection of caliciviruses	3
will be interesting to	3
hpai h n isolates	3
pcr rflp serotype identification	3
a tail was amplified	3
c t g g	3
of the leader sequence	3
g a a c	3
can be separated into	3
determined by quantitative real	3
cells were transfected with	3
a previous study suggested	3
h n viruses are	3
between the ga viruses	3
nine nucleotides downstream of	3
results indicated that the	3
third of the genome	3
viral genome consists of	3
a m c a	3
g t t c	3
encoding for conserved amino	3
the phylogenetic relationships between	3
gene open reading frame	3
downstream of the hairpin	3
c j m k	3
were constructed using the	3
established or putative frameshift	3
for conserved amino acid	3
amino acid differences among	3
the n proteins of	3
the tgev leader rna	3
of the pl protease	3
were submitted to genbank	3
inhibition of tgev infection	3
t vector system ii	3
downstream of the shifty	3
between the connecticut and	3
would like to thank	3
or putative frameshift sites	3
s deduced amino acid	3
the presence of several	3
the amber stop codon	3
that the leader rna	3
protein kinase c phosphorylation	3
diagnosis of pedv infection	3
of the structural genes	2
viral replication in the	2
three times and overlaid	2
epidemic diarrhea viruses isolated	2
early diagnosis of pedv	2
head domain of ha	2
has been shown for	2
in north carolina were	2
in some of the	2
and the m gene	2
presence of formamide for	2
had a detection limit	2
can be reduced by	2
the overall extent of	2
interference could inhibit tgev	2
at day of age	2
culture adaptation of the	2
serves as a template	2
a german strain detected	2
plants protected with vt	2
which resulted in a	2
amino acid changes were	2
have been isolated from	2
neutral with regard to	2
revue canadienne de recherche	2
gag and pol genes	2
a a g j	2
chicken embryo liver fibroblast	2
and belong to the	2
new member of the	2
the appearance of cytopathic	2
of gene expression and	2
is useful for the	2
or through the suppression	2
a ppi c a	2
comparisons among respiratory and	2
a template for pcr	2
and dinucleotide frequency of	2
and jmk strains was	2
by protein kinase c	2
from the porcine coronaviruses	2
as a receptor for	2
the highest percentage of	2
of the same strain	2
of multiple basic amino	2
of the partial orf	2
a a g m	2
consistent with the results	2
transmissible gastroenteritis virus and	2
t a ppi c	2
caused by a coronavirus	2
and was used to	2
in fecal specimens by	2
the gene source of	2
fragments were cloned into	2
to other geographical regions	2
virus is a determinant	2
sci proc nat acad	2
has been proposed to	2
similar in sequence to	2
single amino acid in	2
key role in pathogenicity	2
belongs to the genus	2
conserved among different strains	2
mrna capping and methylation	2
influenza virus h n	2
those of other pedvs	2
trends of the virus	2
pedvs isolated from various	2
of stemloops predicted by	2
regions of the ibdv	2
parts larger than nt	2
pcr amplification of the	2
to the understanding of	2
reactions were performed using	2
the point of divergence	2
wild birds of the	2
research was supported by	2
immunohistochemistry and in situ	2
host cell plasma membrane	2
the h nomenclature system	2
the pathogenicity of the	2
are needed to determine	2
for h at rt	2
tool for influenza surveillance	2
markov chain monte carlo	2
usa acknowledgments this work	2
the taxonomy of viruses	2
of sour orange plants	2
for the non infected	2
a cap and a	2
aa and aa which	2
in the current study	2
have been affected and	2
to the family coronaviridae	2
piece of lung was	2
isolated from spleen homogenate	2
canadian geese in delaware	2
e a t t	2
genotype and virulence might	2
region of absolute identity	2
of the complete genome	2
from three different serotypes	2
cells were resuspended in	2
and the route of	2
with a cap and	2
cc strain was isolated	2
protection from pedv infection	2
of tgev infection in	2
proportion of at in	2
n viruses in indonesia	2
the overall genome organization	2
isolated from patients in	2
diarrhea viruses isolated in	2
of antigenic change over	2
near the receptor binding	2
the highest number of	2
g m t g	2
or in chicken embryos	2
of the ibdv genes	2
c g g g	2
e a g a	2
reproduction in any medium	2
the pathogenic virus at	2
associated with the genome	2
genomic gc content and	2
on the illumina platform	2
turkey gut rna virus	2
of the overall base	2
related to each other	2
insights into our understanding	2
jmk strains differed by	2
of codon bias in	2
the presence of multiple	2
of virus present in	2
the brain tissues of	2
appear to be determinants	2
identified the presence of	2
detection and characterization of	2
of the genus coronavirus	2
the acute phase of	2
were infected with puuv	2
all influenza a viruses	2
in the swine genome	2
s subunit can affect	2
the leader rna and	2
in order to better	2
properties of these human	2
as a negative control	2
position in the map	2
were included in orthohepevirus	2
was proposed that the	2
experiments are needed to	2
csfv genotype and virulence	2
prepared from two cm	2
there is a need	2
rdrp and orf amino	2
type ii feline coronaviruses	2
analyze the specificity of	2
dilution was added to	2
binding to the s	2
the intensity of the	2
among multiple bat species	2
as seen from fig	2
to compare the sensitivity	2
were different from the	2
closely related to type	2
springer nature remains neutral	2
these data indicated that	2
characterize the mutated strain	2
of the variation in	2
acid in the pb	2
formation of a h	2
infer the evolutionary relationships	2
in the s subunit	2
efficient readthrough of an	2
h and h ends	2
with large s gene	2
frequency of aromatic amino	2
of the closely related	2
has been reported that	2
the nucleotide and putative	2
infections with hpai h	2
activity of avian influenza	2
t t g j	2
of the rt reaction	2
after having received all	2
m t t c	2
recombination of type i	2
with intact s gene	2
analyzed the complete genome	2
the complete genome of	2
the pathogenic ark ark	2
similar sequences in the	2
point to the need	2
two species of insectivorous	2
examine the codon usage	2
in the s glycoprotein	2
a region of the	2
the occurrence of stop	2
the n gene were	2
analysis of the ha	2
replicase genes a and	2
genus turdus in the	2
and evolution of the	2
recombination between type i	2
similar to those of	2
putative amino acid sequences	2
and polymerase chain reaction	2
of the genome with	2
the b antigenic site	2
of group were found	2
aligned based on nucleotide	2
to ml with distilled	2
synthetic oligonucleotide complementary to	2
and three porcine hev	2
h after infection and	2
have been identified in	2
loss of an n	2
and casein kinase ii	2
viruses housed in bats	2
region between the s	2
the pathogenic mass strain	2
this part of the	2
indicate that there are	2
influenza viruses during human	2
fujian pedv field samples	2
to the fact that	2
one proposed for rsv	2
consists of a positive	2
was first isolated in	2
embryos and their prevalence	2
picornaviruses in chicken and	2
analyses based on the	2
of tgev infection have	2
transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection	2
for the study of	2
g t c t	2
s glycoprotein of the	2
blast to ensure that	2
polyproteins a and ab	2
acid sequences of all	2
virus has identity with	2
a metagenomic analysis of	2
pathogenic and attenuated ibv	2
the disease was first	2
adjuvant in ibd killed	2
aa substitutions at aa	2
no amino acid differences	2
the spleen of a	2
a pouch for an	2
the large surface projections	2
was shown to be	2
based on nucleotide sequences	2
trees infected with ctv	2
showed a characteristic ladder	2
similar sensitivity with elisa	2
vaccinia virus guanylyl transferase	2
through the suppression of	2
ladder of multiple bands	2
attenuated virus at positions	2
as a consequence of	2
a new member of	2
content of the first	2
coronaviruses as the gene	2
cloning and further sequence	2
from two cm flasks	2
farms in north carolina	2
region of the mfpyv	2
h n viruses of	2
generated in this study	2
central european puuv strain	2
were used as templates	2
into competent escherichia coli	2
the sequences of the	2
differences between the connecticut	2
s gene of the	2
the s gene than	2
changing of some amino	2
were designed to amplify	2
and a bank vole	2
which were able to	2
nucleocapsid protein of pedv	2
were more conserved to	2
likelihood tree was constructed	2
the genome organization of	2
phylogenetic relationship of the	2
c c g g	2
japanese viruses were included	2
also present in other	2
to be the most	2
that spike plays a	2
coronaviruses tgev and prcv	2
it was not possible	2
the results indicated that	2
those of other bat	2
of a novel type	2
with cells transfected with	2
regions of target dna	2
bath or heat block	2
trees for the rdrp	2
the first step of	2
order to better understand	2
has been found to	2
with the results of	2
primers based on conserved	2
cells were calculated by	2
sites by protein kinase	2
diversity of puuv strains	2
synonymous codon usage in	2
out of three stop	2
of the same genes	2
trees based on the	2
the structural proteins vp	2
and segment b datasets	2
it appears that the	2
had no effect on	2
gc content at each	2
n gene has a	2
sequence changes in the	2
while they were different	2
or suspected diarrheal disease	2
abs were not detected	2
been reported in the	2
to the high case	2
in the usa in	2
and role in cell	2
amount of viral rna	2
the m gene in	2
a strain is still	2
strain derived from a	2
analysis was performed using	2
suggests that mutational pressure	2
cloned using the pgem	2
is interesting to note	2
from each of the	2
of the mrna species	2
on amino acid sequences	2
the astrovirus strains were	2
than that of any	2
the cell culture adapted	2
important reservoir hosts of	2
geographic characteristics of the	2
sequences at nucleotide positions	2
the od value was	2
the s gene nucleotide	2
in agreement with published	2
was supported by a	2
at a and a	2
editor and analysis program	2
tpg was higher than	2
single stranded rna genome	2
indicates that overall the	2
suffering from severe diarrhea	2
range of codon bias	2
is the third most	2
are located downstream of	2
amino acid identity for	2
after four rounds of	2
found in the kda	2
the isolation of a	2
the hpai h n	2
disease in cattle was	2
content at each position	2
p and p were	2
in the amount of	2
the strain of the	2
however this does not	2
between cl and d	2
in this study to	2
of the antisense primer	2
form of the virus	2
of porcine deltacoronavirus in	2
agc ggg ggt tgt	2
the loss of the	2
for indonesia with special	2
were identified by pcr	2
of ibv in the	2
and avian h n	2
trizol ls b according	2
the severity of epithelial	2
mediated rna interference could	2
were washed with pbs	2
porcine coronaviruses tgev and	2
the fecal samples of	2
samples were negative for	2
tenfold serial dilutions of	2
influence the codon usage	2
expression levels following transfection	2
there were many cases	2
to degrade rna template	2
large spike gene deletion	2
protein was found to	2
of the effective codon	2
part of the s	2
total volume of ll	2
cell transfection efficiency and	2
that n pro and	2
acid sequence identity with	2
be used to develop	2
the transposable element gypsy	2
in a clinical sample	2
all the amino acid	2
collected samples were from	2
interference efficiency of shrnas	2
expression of yatapoxvirus genes	2
eid of each virus	2
and the japanese strain	2
mammal populations in germany	2
extent of codon usage	2
orf ab and orf	2
reservoir hosts of emerging	2
function of these rna	2
v from veroe cells	2
for the normal and	2
of the shifty heptanucleotide	2
of n gene in	2
allantoic fluid was harvested	2
engineered n protein for	2
characteristics of hpai h	2
same holds true for	2
overall base composition but	2
of vt and vt	2
was present on the	2
based on conserved regions	2
dsrnas from alemow plants	2
on the prevalence of	2
nucleotide mismatches compared to	2
analysis of the s	2
was lower than that	2
virus was similar to	2
from helix to sheet	2
phylogenetic analysis revealed that	2
number of differences between	2
mutations and substitutions in	2
having received all standard	2
that the m protein	2
and compared with published	2
of the predicted amino	2
including a ten amino	2
regions of the genome	2
related to chinese strains	2
of the subgenomic mrnas	2
dinucleotides were present at	2
based on these results	2
is the one proposed	2
st cells infected with	2
compared with published sequences	2
and phylogenetic trees were	2
found to be positive	2
for each species and	2
to nine nucleotides downstream	2
gene region has been	2
the expected enc values	2
the characteristics of the	2
the basal parts of	2
they are not essential	2
the amino acid changes	2
sample contains abs against	2
and brought to ml	2
similarities with each other	2
aligned with the published	2
of feline infectious peritonitis	2
of all influenza a	2
protein is one of	2
have evolved from a	2
analysis of the leader	2
sequences were translated and	2
for mrna cap methylation	2
the family polyomaviridae detection	2
is in agreement with	2
other species of bats	2
from the divergence point	2
a tool for influenza	2
levels following transfection of	2
base down from the	2
been isolated from a	2
have differences in their	2
natural reservoir of sars	2
based elisa was developed	2
isolated in from a	2
level of gene expression	2
fusion of the viral	2
used as templates and	2
indicating that they are	2
differences are observed between	2
stranded rna virus that	2
phylogenetic analyses of the	2
located between the s	2
at the junction site	2
the ark and mass	2
genetically engineered diagnostic reagents	2
to infer the evolutionary	2
a basic understanding of	2
at the cleavage site	2
an analysis of the	2
role in the attachment	2
a less sars representative	2
virus b proteins have	2
catalyse the methylation of	2
was supported in part	2
from insect cells using	2
amplification of all influenza	2
triad of the pl	2
used to develop the	2
strains had the least	2
poultry sector and hpai	2
that were used for	2
result of differential mutational	2
was observed between the	2
prevalence of amantadine resistance	2
and purified using the	2
absence of sy gene	2
inoculated with ptmk strain	2
as well as to	2
predicted by the program	2
involved in the formation	2
a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis	2
usage bias in the	2
biological sequence alignment editor	2
amino acid in the	2
of the florida and	2
relative abundance of dinucleotides	2
genomic region between the	2
sv gel and pcr	2
the cryptic splice sites	2
determined by hemagglutination assay	2
compared to type i	2
kinase c and casein	2
endemic in both chickens	2
a type i virus	2
that all of the	2
of cdv strains from	2
still the result of	2
in the corresponding overlap	2
plants infected with vt	2
how they are maintained	2
between the fujian samples	2
by electrophoresis on agarose	2
the generation of monoclonal	2
used for pcr amplifying	2
reading frame with respect	2
theoretically effective sequences at	2
sequence of the pedv	2
precipitate of magnesium pyrophosphate	2
dogs that tested negative	2
isolates as well as	2
included in orthohepevirus d	2
with genetic differences of	2
when compared to type	2
serum sample contains abs	2
universal primer set for	2
in the formation of	2
of amino acid changes	2
compare the sensitivity of	2
of the hemagglutinin of	2
for the s genes	2
with regard to jurisdictional	2
a range of codon	2
in this paper have	2
species and are further	2
end of the nucleoprotein	2
been submitted to the	2
in swine populations may	2
chicken and turkey farms	2
also be divided into	2
that the detection limit	2
the authors declare that	2
and were from non	2
the early stages of	2
qiaquick gel extraction kit	2
each pm sense and	2
on the island of	2
they are maintained in	2
of the coronaviridae and	2
c g m c	2
isolated from the spleen	2
because the gray strain	2
a sei c a	2
pdcov replication in st	2
in the hi assay	2
to have evolved from	2
sequences of s and	2
of porcine deltacoronavirus from	2
nature remains neutral with	2
submitted to the genbank	2
genetic differences between virulent	2
in a plasmid expression	2
phylogenetic relationship of cdv	2
to genetically characterize the	2
interactions between the s	2
of pedv ljb aligned	2
by analyses of the	2
on the outside of	2
c g g c	2
a similar sensitivity with	2
after ethidium bromide staining	2
suggested that codon bias	2
had the least similarity	2
of avian infectious bronchitis	2
differences were observed in	2
cdna fragments were separated	2
characterized by acute enteritis	2
never have been infected	2
sequence were found between	2
claims in published maps	2
stool samples of the	2
highest percentage of positive	2
sequence data reported in	2
a a sei c	2
to genbank under accession	2
ggg ggt tgt cga	2
to the leader rna	2
s and sm genes	2
which is part of	2
of differential mutational pressure	2
s and gc s	2
strain from bank voles	2
next base down from	2
and h termini of	2
figure shows that the	2
clinical signs were shown	2
the group i coronaviruses	2
the development of vaccines	2
the tertiary structure of	2
the mass viruses have	2
strains a and jhm	2
of the orf gene	2
the obtained sequences were	2
viruses acknowledgments we are	2
are encoded by orf	2
using the webserver for	2
are observed in the	2
visual inspection of the	2
pedv is a member	2
periodical or geographic characteristics	2
of interest the authors	2
the wells were incubated	2
one amino acid difference	2
pair of sense and	2
pathogenicity in avian coronaviruses	2
provide insights into understanding	2
of severe acute respiratory	2
significant difference between prnat	2
the human hpai h	2
orfs n and b	2
at the amino acid	2
the cells were washed	2
was designed and aligned	2
have originated from bats	2
covering the entire genome	2
were determined and compared	2
findings point to the	2
about the viral genome	2
subjected to three freeze	2
used to differentiate between	2
the megalign application of	2
the genome consists of	2
and antigenic characteristics of	2
be concluded unambiguously from	2
it is expected that	2
the release of viral	2
acid sequence identities among	2
the first isolation of	2
were identical in all	2
tcid ml in cells	2
and used for the	2
the frequency of aromatic	2
open access this article	2
target for the accurate	2
yaba monkey tumor virus	2
identity observed between bthev	2
from the m gene	2
phenomenon is one of	2
in the attachment of	2
positive for puuv rna	2
i virus before or	2
of the fecal samples	2
strain of the virus	2
tgev genome was detected	2
showed that the leader	2
have cloned several dozen	2
to determine the extent	2
the amino acid level	2
protease cleavage site between	2
the pedv orf a	2
contained a major d	2
short open reading frame	2
in the bank vole	2
e i c a	2
in bats to better	2
note springer nature remains	2
we hypothesize that the	2
passages of the virus	2
other members of alphacoronaviruses	2
glycoprotein of the gray	2
and other bovine viruses	2
genes in mammalian cells	2
samples from nine bat	2
of mutations and substitutions	2
tree based on amino	2
their loss mainly results	2
there was no dinucleotide	2
the first axis value	2
bastv associated with neurological	2
are more closely related	2
for the deduced amino	2
can be carried out	2
the subgenomic mrna species	2
structures downstream of the	2
the possibility that a	2
countries around the world	2
guanine methyl transferase activity	2
a maximum likelihood tree	2
mainly results in attenuation	2
after passages in piglets	2
as probable sars cases	2
secondary structure predictions for	2
chicken egypt c br	2
regions showing no variation	2
t t ppi a	2
situation for indonesia with	2
primers used for pcr	2
in transcription and replication	2
were conducted as previously	2
that differ in their	2
the nucleotide and amino	2
is closely related to	2
rd position of the	2
number of nt differences	2
a conserved codon bias	2
identified in the usa	2
genomic sequence was determined	2
conditions were as follows	2
a primary target for	2
and electrophoresis in agarose	2
as an indication of	2
of the overlap regions	2
transmission of influenza a	2
viruses within a serotype	2
s glycoprotein makes up	2
codon usage bias between	2
nucleotide sequence data reported	2
reed and muench method	2
analysis of the h	2
was propagated in verodogslam	2
proteolytic cleavage site and	2
the computer program predicted	2
and homologous regions identified	2
the chou and fasman	2
and translational selection are	2
china have long branch	2
necessary for efficient frameshifting	2
release of viral progeny	2
the pl protease is	2
all genes encoded by	2
protein kinase c and	2
for use in the	2
in inconsistent sy reactions	2
to be related to	2
sequences of all the	2
length with a predicted	2
of the new isolates	2
from one of the	2
antibodies are directed against	2
the regulation of viral	2
pb during replication in	2
the virion envelope and	2
the amino acid substitutions	2
were translated and the	2
the causative agents of	2
of the ibv strains	2
isolated from various countries	2
differences between the ark	2
cloning and sequence analysis	2
pm of the antisense	2
mass mass and mass	2
collected from chicken and	2
reactions were analyzed on	2
length amplification of all	2
a need for additional	2
s gene sequence variability	2
ppi g g t	2
since the widespread of	2
purified using the qiaquick	2
structural genes from the	2
of a puuv strain	2
plays a key role	2
is reminiscent of the	2
published sequences of cv	2
the interference efficiency of	2
the orf b region	2
were able to differentiate	2
sequence identities among the	2
as depicted in fig	2
to the s subunit	2
like pedv in swine	2
acid residues from helix	2
total rnas were extracted	2
the pedv n protein	2
n gpppa substrate rna	2
human h n viruses	2
of the puuv isolates	2
be closely related to	2
fs strain of tgev	2
load prior to treatment	2
entire nucleocapsid protein of	2
in h n viruses	2
acid sequence were found	2
n influenza virus in	2
of the hpai h	2
of mouse hepatitis virus	2
manual for the isolation	2
not found in any	2
the virulence of h	2
antigenic characteristics of hpai	2
was the least preferred	2
the same set of	2
c t t g	2
showing no variation at	2
expected size were cloned	2
cd after having received	2
final concentration of lg	2
to be highly conserved	2
was collected from the	2
we constructed three shrnas	2
virus pb during replication	2
are responsible for the	2
partial d pol sequences	2
strain detected from the	2
were used as a	2
of the total variation	2
reaction results either from	2
the widespread of prcv	2
of the replicase gene	2
these collected samples were	2
there are other factors	2
involved in the binding	2
with the viral rna	2
when the od value	2
and amino acid composition	2
added to ll of	2
a plasmid expression system	2
vaccines available to control	2
the ga cwl pathogenic	2
agents of turkey hepatitis	2
type and vaccine strains	2
of nucleotide and amino	2
their classification as a	2
the number of nt	2
strains of avian infectious	2
as a result of	2
the orf a and	2
variations in comparison with	2
extracts collected from chicken	2
the results for the	2
end adenosine residue is	2
distributed and no dinucleotides	2
type i fcov with	2
epithelial deciliation were scored	2
the one proposed for	2
authors declare that they	2
characteristic ladder of multiple	2
and placed in ml	2
that the codon usage	2
followed after five nucleotides	2
m c a t	2
amplified dna products from	2
transfection efficiency and cpe	2
at position for the	2
to analyze the specificity	2
of dogs that tested	2
of covs in brazilian	2
closely correlated with the	2
piglets suffering from severe	2
avian influenza a h	2
the sequence changes in	2
region of the mhv	2
substitutions in chinese lineages	2
that shrnas targeting the	2
has three major structural	2
end of the ibv	2
a case in point	2
viral mrna cap methylation	2
extensive process of accumulation	2
a highly conserved region	2
the encoded amino acid	2
viral and cellular membranes	2
is aa in length	2
prior to treatment and	2
was no dinucleotide bias	2
and analyzed on a	2
the non infected piglets	2
the levels of viral	2
catalytic triad of the	2
the outside of the	2
with cell culture and	2
period of the epidemic	2
dye terminator cycle sequencing	2
the optimal temperature for	2
the gag and pol	2
provides a basic understanding	2
investigated the antigenic properties	2
infected animals during the	2
the h gene glycoprotein	2
to amplify the entire	2
in the baculovirus expression	2
are similar to those	2
and a three amino	2
glycoprotein makes up the	2
that the titers of	2
three major structural proteins	2
the isolation of tgev	2
in verodogslam cells and	2
a gc content of	2
the feces using trizol	2
expressed in insect cells	2
of the actual enc	2
pyvs in japanese bats	2
different strains of ibv	2
a narrow host range	2
sow farm in oklahoma	2
m gene and investigated	2
cells were cultured in	2
gastroenteritis virus infection in	2
surveillance of coronavirus infections	2
the ga viruses have	2
and human adaptive markers	2
strategy against pdcov infection	2
the pedv leader sequence	2
m a c c	2
the full genome sequence	2
are reported to have	2
it should also be	2
with codon sequences optimized	2
that most of the	2
for host transmission to	2
placed genus viruses closer	2
from dead wild birds	2
values for the proposed	2
h gene of the	2
and evaluate risks for	2
with a large spike	2
sense and antisense primers	2
a colloidal gold test	2
using sequenase version from	2
sl protein of p	2
between amino acids and	2
important roles in viral	2
a g j m	2
no evidence of antigenic	2
sequence of the s	2
were determined by hemagglutination	2
viral genome was sequenced	2
correlated with the gc	2
genomic composition of the	2
a large deletion in	2
the severity of tgev	2
cloacal swabs obtained from	2
the dna polymerase gene	2
present in the fipv	2
inoculated with cell culture	2
placed in ml of	2
determination of the complete	2
were used to design	2
cats that either have	2
to develop a phage	2
progeny from infected cells	2
sequence of the entire	2
electrophoresis in agarose gel	2
of the kda protein	2
the big dye terminator	2
in the release of	2
the sequencing reactions were	2
a correlation between the	2
is identical to that	2
the similarity of the	2
bases upstream of orf	2
the aa change of	2
resulted in the changing	2
higher than that of	2
found in the original	2
is present upstream of	2
in the changing of	2
was found to possess	2
glycosylation sites and cysteine	2
at the synonymous third	2
rna sequence was present	2
and the host cell	2
can inhibit pdcov replication	2
than on the rest	2
encoding the structural proteins	2
the replicase genes a	2
further sequence analysis of	2
of some amino acid	2
in the cytoplasm and	2
total rna per reaction	2
host transmission to other	2
appeared to be the	2
leader rna sequences were	2
h zi k g	2
difference between the two	2
of the differences in	2
analysis revealed that ntu	2
readthrough of an amber	2
p and f were	2
the cloned gene was	2
in support of this	2
alignment editor and analysis	2
and virulence might affect	2
six of the differences	2
the vt strain of	2
sequences of the hcov	2
the s glycoprotein would	2
world organisation for animal	2
genomic properties of the	2
number of retroviral rnas	2
the codon usage in	2
cycles of min at	2
frame with respect to	2
the genome and encodes	2
the heptameric consensus sequence	2
treatments or vaccines available	2
culture or in chicken	2
of sense and antisense	2
primer pair f b	2
expression of the m	2
vp gene of cpv	2
of all the amino	2
main factor that determines	2
encoding the entire n	2
a predicted mr of	2
a agrose gel containing	2
the korean kobuvirus strains	2
when the cells were	2
the correlation between the	2
transcriptional modification of viral	2
out of these collected	2
in porcine kidney cells	2
may explain the failure	2
hybridized to all of	2
was spread on the	2
interstructural gene region is	2
able to transiently express	2
from the original tissue	2
gene was sequenced with	2
used to determine the	2
the h pcr primer	2
further referred to as	2
samples using trizol reagent	2
h n virus infection	2
strain at a titer	2
c g a j	2
alexa fluor conjugated antibody	2
nested set of subgenomic	2
orf amino acid sequences	2
indicating a high number	2
tgev have the sequence	2
cleavage site between the	2
had been shown that	2
uninfected mammalian cells can	2
of the codon usage	2
the corresponding region of	2
available in genbank database	2
g r a g	2
found between residues and	2
different strains of the	2
a lesser extent site	2
number of base pairs	2
complete nucleotide sequences of	2
risks for host transmission	2
replication in st cells	2
t and sp sequencing	2
attenuated viruses within a	2
the extent and causes	2
to better understand its	2
in tracheal and cloacal	2
proteins vp and vp	2
methyl transferase activity of	2
in these typical experiments	2
was used to sequence	2
significant economic losses in	2
to the emergence of	2
an extensive process of	2
the target for the	2
was found that the	2
was found between the	2
data for the s	2
genome sequence of porcine	2
usage bias among different	2
c t g j	2
part of the national	2
amino acids located between	2
from the end of	2
codon usage variation between	2
u and kb strains	2
nucleotide sequences encoding for	2
bat species in japan	2
formamide for hr at	2
t c t m	2
and dissolved in diethyl	2
our findings point to	2
amino acid residues from	2
of the genus turdus	2
with the presence of	2
large surface projections of	2
the target dna and	2
influenza surveillance and preparedness	2
the result of differential	2
extent and causes of	2
cell culture adaptation of	2
identity with that of	2
products of the rt	2
of seven of the	2
increased over time from	2
was different from the	2
of h n in	2
in the region of	2
and uracil dna glycosidase	2
was propagated in st	2
provide the basis for	2
virulent and avirulent bcv	2
epidemic diarrhea virus in	2
of taq dna polymerase	2
ll of the rt	2
aa in length with	2
following the methods of	2
acids with predicted m	2
of the initiator atg	2
not randomly distributed and	2
appeared to be a	2
results suggest that the	2
based on amino acid	2
unused reading frames of	2
as a strategy against	2
regions of the s	2
the vesicular stomatitis virus	2
astrovirus strains were calculated	2
the rt reaction and	2
as the gene source	2
all of the sequences	2
m t g t	2
health organization world organisation	2
effect on different pdcov	2
acad sci proc nat	2
selected from chronically infected	2
number of other retroviral	2
in the previous study	2
position for the connecticut	2
first and second codon	2
the high prevalence of	2
will provide a more	2
be propagated in cell	2
infected cells were fixed	2
a novel type ii	2
by orf a and	2
and all available cpv	2
closely related to hcov	2
the epidemiological status of	2
ml with distilled water	2
ensure that they did	2
g a j m	2
sequences are shown in	2
viruses isolated from humans	2
a t c g	2
be resistant to transient	2
m protein is the	2
could be a marker	2
analysis of genetic mutations	2
unique feature of cov	2
the secondary structure of	2
the leader rna primer	2
of h n virus	2
more than half of	2
the national center for	2
agreement with published studies	2
an important factor in	2
comparison of the sequences	2
amino acid sequence analysis	2
of tgev have the	2
excluding the poly a	2
substitutions associated with human	2
in clinical swine samples	2
have been described previously	2
all five trapping sites	2
analyses of the partial	2
compared to that of	2
measured spectrophotometrically at a	2
and the beginning of	2
showed the sy symptoms	2
site for the rna	2
on an abi prism	2
avian influenza virus in	2
are slightly lower than	2
c g a m	2
the region of the	2
orf is located in	2
organisation for animal hf	2
nucleotide sequences were translated	2
viruses during human infection	2
is likely that these	2
with other pedv reference	2
the detection of bovine	2
pedv from clinical samples	2
of the amber codon	2
turkey farms in north	2
complete nucleotide sequence of	2
were performed with the	2
in dogs in china	2
with a predicted mr	2
levels of viral proteins	2
duck hepatitis a virus	2
prevention and control of	2
mutation rate of the	2
resistant to transient expression	2
between astroviruses and other	2
the porcine epidemic diarrhoea	2
c ppi c c	2
expression system that targeted	2
the faeces of dogs	2
m t a g	2
contain a single stranded	2
a unique feature of	2
of the gene with	2
secondary structure prediction of	2
coronaviruses sequenced so far	2
a determinant of host	2
was not pathogenic in	2
usage at p and	2
and negative controls were	2
pro and e rns	2
different animal species and	2
of fujian pedv field	2
be a marker of	2
of the hypervariable region	2
results in cap structure	2
sequences in the swine	2
virion envelope and the	2
pedv n protein is	2
in the native form	2
acid differences among all	2
both sl and s	2
sequence of the p	2