bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
acute respiratory	236
respiratory viruses	230
respiratory tract	205
respiratory infections	147
syncytial virus	110
respiratory syncytial	109
respiratory virus	92
lower respiratory	78
tract infections	75
human rhinovirus	74
respiratory infection	72
author funder	70
granted medrxiv	70
copyright holder	69
respiratory illness	66
version posted	66
human bocavirus	62
viral infections	62
tract infection	61
upper respiratory	51
viral respiratory	50
virus infections	50
young children	50
human metapneumovirus	49
ari patients	48
common cold	48
influenza virus	47
years old	47
ari cases	45
made available	43
least one	43
respiratory pathogens	42
united states	42
respiratory symptoms	41
acquired pneumonia	41
international license	41
older adults	40
case definitions	40
asthma exacerbations	40
respiratory viral	39
systematic review	39
respiratory disease	39
children aged	38
among children	38
virus infection	37
human coronavirus	34
disease severity	34
public health	33
surveillance system	33
nasal swabs	33
polymerase chain	32
influenza viruses	32
viral infection	32
chain reaction	32
peer review	32
statistically significant	32
sore throat	31
severe acute	31
indigenous peoples	30
cord uid	30
doc id	30
hospitalized children	30
ari episodes	30
posted april	30
atopic asthma	29
study period	29
controlled trial	29
collected swabs	29
viral load	28
rhinovirus infection	28
epithelial cells	28
emergency department	28
medrxiv preprint	27
otitis media	27
health care	27
human rhinoviruses	27
cohort study	26
mild ari	26
dew point	25
infectious diseases	25
meteorological parameters	24
influenza vaccination	24
chest imaging	24
syndromic surveillance	24
hrv infection	24
risk factors	24
age group	24
ari clusters	23
seasonal influenza	23
aged younger	23
odds ratio	23
defi ned	23
supportive care	23
identifi ed	23
feline calicivirus	23
pcr assays	22
logistic regression	22
reverse transcription	22
age groups	22
clinical features	21
maternal asthma	21
time pcr	21
virus detection	21
vp mrna	21
clinical symptoms	21
fi rst	21
posted july	21
parainfluenza virus	21
human adenovirus	20
viral loads	20
common respiratory	20
viral etiology	20
ari symptoms	20
prospective study	20
like illness	20
healthy children	20
immune response	20
case definition	20
confidence intervals	20
allele carriers	19
hrv types	19
frequently detected	19
viral detection	19
viruses detected	18
rights reserved	18
structured emr	18
severe ari	18
without permission	18
host cell	18
allowed without	18
respiratory illnesses	18
clinical characteristics	18
virus detected	18
asymptomatic controls	18
aged years	18
respiratory syndrome	18
reuse allowed	18
pandemic influenza	17
rhinovirus infections	17
acute lower	17
emr parameters	17
primary care	17
antibiotic use	17
hrv infections	17
pcr assay	17
acute otitis	16
nha trang	16
diagnostic codes	16
significantly higher	16
world health	16
viral ari	16
protective effect	16
previous study	16
study population	16
infections among	16
adjusted odds	16
median age	15
severe respiratory	15
influenza vaccine	15
positive patients	15
human respiratory	15
publication bias	15
hospitalized patients	15
first day	15
early childhood	15
seasonal patterns	15
present study	15
text analysis	15
multiplex pcr	15
current study	15
informed consent	15
study design	14
race ethnicity	14
infl ammatory	14
influenza surveillance	14
single virus	14
adenovirus type	14
nasopharyngeal aspirates	14
cause ari	14
swabs collected	14
children hospitalized	14
infl uenza	14
influenza cases	14
febrile ari	14
increased risk	14
sample size	13
ari incidence	13
aged children	13
global burden	13
ari case	13
clinical trial	13
without respiratory	13
clinical severity	13
actin dna	13
control group	13
previous studies	13
hcov patients	13
mean cost	13
asthmatic children	13
infectious disease	13
posted august	13
commonly detected	13
general practice	13
disease burden	13
clinical diagnosis	13
randomised controlled	13
hrv type	13
novel coronavirus	13
induced aris	13
cystic fi	13
fi brosis	13
severe disease	13
significantly associated	13
nucleic acid	13
wavelet transform	12
among hiv	12
childhood asthma	12
imaging reports	12
signifi cantly	12
clinical impact	12
odds ratios	12
bacterial pathogens	12
blood pressure	12
clinical data	12
community cohort	12
time away	12
human coronaviruses	12
viral pathogens	12
nasal swab	12
paediatric ari	12
detection rates	12
five years	12
time series	12
upper airway	12
ari among	12
viral co	12
lwak hospital	12
ari group	12
clinical notes	12
control study	12
year old	12
viral pathogen	12
based surveillance	12
pulmonary disease	12
viral rna	11
hrv species	11
immune responses	11
mesh terms	11
among ari	11
respiratory diseases	11
among adults	11
human parainfluenza	11
among hospitalized	11
days post	11
severe bronchiolitis	11
nonatopic asthma	11
streptococcus pneumoniae	11
coronavirus nl	11
training base	11
swab specimens	11
supplementary material	11
nasal secretions	11
molecular methods	11
developing countries	11
western kenya	11
staff surveillance	11
hbov vp	11
ari outcomes	11
imaging report	11
ari outcome	11
host response	11
body temperature	11
asthma exacerbation	11
text analyses	11
parainfluenza viruses	11
tissue culture	11
viral etiologies	11
birth cohort	11
clinical outcomes	10
ili ari	10
clinical information	10
rsv infection	10
obstructive pulmonary	10
influenza pandemic	10
applied biosystems	10
controlled trials	10
health organization	10
drug administration	10
pilot study	10
years hospitalized	10
often detected	10
penton genes	10
immune system	10
hospital admission	10
viral aris	10
detected virus	10
chronic obstructive	10
vp vp	10
familial predisposition	10
genome sequence	10
nasopharyngeal swabs	10
induced ari	10
index case	10
written informed	10
reported asthma	10
clinical presentation	10
healthcare workers	10
viral replication	10
clinical trials	10
hbov dna	10
tested positive	10
clinical case	10
hrv replication	10
persons years	10
induced lrtis	10
communityacquired pneumonia	10
relative odds	10
full article	10
adult patients	10
influenza seasons	10
indirect costs	10
one virus	10
real time	9
winter months	9
search strategy	9
dry mouth	9
hospitalization rates	9
among older	9
impact diary	9
birth weight	9
experimental rhinovirus	9
funnel plot	9
children younger	9
within hours	9
among patients	9
study using	9
viral cause	9
protective effects	9
medical conditions	9
pediatric patients	9
frequent detection	9
diagnostic tests	9
wheezing illnesses	9
possible pneumonia	9
emr data	9
clinical decision	9
statistical analyses	9
type i	9
victoria lineage	9
qtc interval	9
collected nasal	9
clinical signs	9
randomized controlled	9
disease control	9
leading cause	9
conducted using	9
bocavirus infection	9
confi rmed	9
article screening	9
requiring hospitalization	9
surveillance data	9
supplementary table	9
electronic medical	9
chest pain	9
anterior nasal	9
respiratory samples	9
pneumonia patients	9
previously described	9
urine antigen	9
significant difference	9
children less	9
carer time	9
laboratory cats	9
respiratory distress	9
surveillance systems	9
bacterial infections	9
respir viruses	9
rhinovirus colds	9
respiratory rate	9
literature review	8
central vietnam	8
viral pneumonia	8
common among	8
time reverse	8
language processing	8
detected viruses	8
participant data	8
one ari	8
increased relative	8
multiple viruses	8
emr entries	8
vaccine effectiveness	8
haemophilus influenzae	8
airway epithelial	8
clinical disease	8
early warning	8
three times	8
accession number	8
cold virus	8
time rt	8
subjects compared	8
hong kong	8
institutional review	8
common adrs	8
higher risk	8
times higher	8
per person	8
table ii	8
qtc prolongation	8
severe illness	8
seasonal trends	8
khanh hoa	8
clusters amongst	8
data will	8
weather variables	8
rna viruses	8
infection among	8
hrv rna	8
factors associated	8
classifi cation	8
newly identified	8
six influenza	8
data collection	8
may also	8
winter season	8
infection control	8
influenza illnesses	8
influenza positive	8
coronavirus infections	8
prospective cohort	8
clinical samples	8
panel viruses	8
numbering system	8
reverse transcriptase	8
individual participant	8
also found	8
drd rs	8
common viruses	8
hospital admissions	8
rabbit hemorrhagic	8
year study	8
data extraction	8
collected specimens	8
healthy volunteers	8
cell cultures	8
vital signs	8
socioeconomic status	8
population level	8
infected adults	8
infections due	8
asthmatic adults	8
copies ml	8
bronchial epithelial	8
genbank accession	8
proinfl ammatory	8
infection severity	8
blood cultures	8
physical examination	8
performed using	8
small number	8
intensive care	8
rural western	8
whose mothers	8
viral coinfection	8
clinical course	8
ethics committee	8
atypical bacteria	8
ari outbreak	8
commonly associated	8
among infants	8
hemorrhagic disease	8
human enterovirus	7
gold standard	7
related asthma	7
high viral	7
virus type	7
heart rate	7
runny nose	7
statistical analysis	7
positive samples	7
well known	7
ari cda	7
test results	7
infants whose	7
infant dyads	7
based study	7
blood samples	7
hiv status	7
ari surveillance	7
adhesion molecule	7
cohort studies	7
strongly associated	7
study personnel	7
transport medium	7
also detected	7
confidence interval	7
ari episode	7
regression model	7
asthma symptoms	7
tract illness	7
human influenza	7
asymptomatic children	7
nucleotide sequence	7
acute wheezing	7
rhinovirus serotypes	7
will include	7
death due	7
rhinovirus type	7
per child	7
confirmed influenza	7
clinical characterization	7
new respiratory	7
multiplex real	7
risk factor	7
infl ammation	7
phylogenetic analysis	7
negative patients	7
chn bj	7
based methods	7
schizophrenic patients	7
decision making	7
significant differences	7
vietnamese children	7
propensity score	7
nasal self	7
nucleic acids	7
less likely	7
laboratory data	7
asthma compared	7
common colds	7
specific clinical	7
medical record	7
detection rate	7
care unit	7
trial vitamin	7
atopic predisposition	7
economic impact	7
major cause	7
coronavirus oc	7
acute asthma	7
studies will	7
nasal obstruction	7
natural language	7
structured data	7
pcr results	7
child care	7
data sources	7
nasopharyngeal secretions	7
among inpatients	7
previously published	7
patients aged	7
diagnostic yield	7
three years	7
rsv infections	7
hbov viral	7
effect size	7
pcr testing	7
sentinelles network	7
infected cells	7
recent studies	7
infection human	7
trial duration	7
healthy preschool	7
newly discovered	7
skin prick	7
normal range	7
detected among	7
systematic literature	7
nasopharyngeal samples	7
ari cluster	7
ili case	7
pneumonia requiring	7
control studies	7
ari hospitalizations	7
asymptomatic periods	7
positive episodes	7
amino acid	7
participants experiencing	7
children presenting	7
standard deviation	7
one study	7
included studies	7
viral nucleic	7
another respiratory	7
international committee	7
indigenous communities	7
samples positive	7
older children	7
hospitalized infants	7
influenza season	7
transcription polymerase	7
multiplex rt	7
early life	7
meteorological parameter	7
clinical manifestations	7
infection prevention	7
without symptoms	7
studies using	6
eligible studies	6
dual infection	6
human airway	6
virus positive	6
health services	6
cell culture	6
childhood ari	6
square test	6
adverse events	6
outpatient visit	6
prick test	6
laboratory tests	6
innate immune	6
influenza infection	6
hbov loads	6
pcr products	6
relatively low	6
throat swabs	6
mutant allele	6
whole blood	6
infants hospitalized	6
reactive protein	6
familial atopic	6
significant protective	6
infected patients	6
proportion positive	6
whole genome	6
demographic information	6
ari detection	6
virus interference	6
moderate ari	6
viral aetiology	6
ill child	6
developed countries	6
dna concentration	6
simultaneous detection	6
high proportion	6
causal role	6
infant respiratory	6
kemri cdc	6
asymptomatic infections	6
dominant inflammation	6
early detection	6
ari treatment	6
ser ser	6
pathogens associated	6
clinical specimens	6
uc davis	6
reported maternal	6
acute bronchiolitis	6
ari studies	6
specimen collection	6
fcv infection	6
ola treatment	6
may result	6
children human	6
general hospital	6
blood culture	6
least two	6
two studies	6
old age	6
viruses associated	6
detection sensitivity	6
oxygen saturation	6
middle ear	6
see supplementary	6
active viral	6
incubation period	6
less common	6
health organisation	6
review board	6
infect dis	6
code set	6
review will	6
high prevalence	6
lung disease	6
systematic analysis	6
related hospitalizations	6
relatively small	6
complete genome	6
daily doses	6
care attendance	6
picornavirus infections	6
per minute	6
mixed infections	6
pneumococcal disease	6
metapneumovirus infection	6
high mortality	6
respiratory bacteria	6
ct value	6
higher rates	6
african adults	6
minor group	6
diagnostic testing	6
clinically relevant	6
molecular detection	6
atypical bacterial	6
will help	6
predictive value	6
samples collected	6
subcutaneous edema	6
observational study	6
clinical outcome	6
point estimate	6
febrile respiratory	6
discriminatory value	6
related hospitalization	6
study center	6
across trials	6
medical indications	6
allergen sensitization	6
better understanding	6
mutant alleles	6
two different	6
many hospitals	6
electronic health	6
respiratory secretions	6
search will	6
attributable fractions	6
sensitivity analysis	6
lower ari	6
effi cacy	6
receptor binding	6
associated ari	6
viral testing	6
dose vitamin	6
ari severity	6
pathogen detection	6
tract disease	6
molecular diagnosis	6
tract specimens	6
compare cda	6
antibiotic therapy	6
tract samples	6
specific ige	6
newly identifi	6
viral shedding	6
without asthma	6
adult volunteers	6
cystic fibrosis	5
authors declare	5
signifi cant	5
overall effect	5
plos one	5
new zealand	5
year prospective	5
underlying conditions	5
contact tracing	5
resplex ii	5
childhood pneumonia	5
study team	5
data elements	5
ecological studies	5
care alone	5
positively associated	5
children without	5
tract illnesses	5
time polymerase	5
descriptive statistics	5
viruses without	5
primary comparison	5
preferred reporting	5
intercellular adhesion	5
published study	5
retrospective study	5
sent home	5
healthcare utilization	5
respiratory specimens	5
pharyngeal swab	5
swabs taken	5
invasive pneumococcal	5
hrv detections	5
based assays	5
societal perspective	5
may occur	5
coding sequences	5
episode onset	5
bronchiolitis severity	5
dna levels	5
studies reporting	5
oropharyngeal swabs	5
mycoplasma pneumoniae	5
gastrointestinal tract	5
viruses using	5
ray reports	5
scoring systems	5
pneumococcal pneumonia	5
hcov infections	5
pathogen identified	5
australian children	5
dis doi	5
coding region	5
patients shedding	5
rapid diagnosis	5
ed human	5
episodes positive	5
pharmacokinetic parameters	5
severe clinical	5
virus strain	5
calendar day	5
ari caused	5
regression analysis	5
sample adequacy	5
nasal congestion	5
hadv strains	5
daxing district	5
hbov replication	5
symptom onset	5
dual respiratory	5
hospitalizations among	5
rhinovirus rna	5
based studies	5
hospitalization among	5
usual activity	5
distress syndrome	5
hospital stay	5
rs mutant	5
virus cases	5
respiratory failure	5
healthcare worker	5
high hbov	5
care areas	5
serum antibody	5
patient care	5
another virus	5
asthma studies	5
sialic acid	5
white blood	5
previous days	5
children respiratory	5
comprehensive detection	5
summary data	5
rhinovirus species	5
wheezing illness	5
first weeks	5
sequence analysis	5
hcov cases	5
dosing regimen	5
seven hadv	5
rs ser	5
pcr negative	5
viral culture	5
considered statistically	5
mean age	5
nonpharmaceutical interventions	5
heart disease	5
disease caused	5
related exacerbations	5
plus supportive	5
primary outcome	5
community epidemiology	5
atypical antipsychotics	5
index visit	5
specimens tested	5
year period	5
among young	5
randomized trial	5
infected cats	5
th day	5
patients seen	5
clinical specimen	5
clinical significance	5
age distribution	5
first year	5
major group	5
days duration	5
patients younger	5
diseases society	5
controlled clinical	5
significant association	5
analyses will	5
large number	5
virus shedding	5
seasonal distribution	5
among outpatients	5
viral detections	5
attributable fraction	5
symptomatic illness	5
assess disease	5
secondary outcomes	5
reporting items	5
warning system	5
higher among	5
high frequency	5
random effects	5
routinely available	5
new virus	5
ari hospitalization	5
detection algorithms	5
calicivirus infection	5
weather parameters	5
clinical relevance	5
widely available	5
white children	5
night sweats	5
exclusion criteria	5
bordetella pertussis	5
several studies	5
maternal atopic	5
children using	5
samples using	5
severity score	5
acute gastroenteritis	5
allowed us	5
observational studies	5
foster city	5
difficulty breathing	5
african american	5
sentinel surveillance	5
mg day	5
reference standard	5
chest radiographs	5
healthy individuals	5
illness among	5
conjugate vaccine	5
health indications	5
older age	5
outpatient visits	5
two models	5
induced wheezing	5
child health	5
adverse effects	5
different clinical	5
influenza panel	5
social determinants	5
severe asthma	5
reviewers will	5
described previously	5
emerging respiratory	5
see table	5
vs mmhg	5
pcr panel	5
indigenous population	5
ed visits	5
ammatory immune	5
chronic medical	5
using data	5
identifi cation	5
small sample	5
cutoff values	5
influenza activity	5
amplifi cation	5
patient management	5
sectional study	5
molecular evolutionary	5
standard error	5
much less	5
study human	5
bacterial pneumonia	5
care visit	5
lung tissue	5
frequent adrs	5
control groups	5
systematic reviews	5
ari icd	5
rapid detection	5
factors related	5
increased severity	5
pediatric population	5
also reported	5
influenza episodes	5
virus strains	5
underlying disease	5
geographical region	5
french sentinelles	5
previous work	5
new molecular	5
study protocol	5
coronavirus hku	5
one doi	5
based testing	5
two groups	5
categorical variables	5
dry season	4
drug reactions	4
fold increased	4
wupyv reactivation	4
medical intervention	4
mixed viral	4
costs associated	4
hoa general	4
infant viral	4
positive predictive	4
young adults	4
diffi cult	4
reported fever	4
poverty line	4
measles immunisation	4
panel virus	4
medical care	4
burden estimates	4
antigen tests	4
amongst staff	4
three weather	4
polyomaviruses ki	4
younger children	4
host range	4
significant role	4
highly virulent	4
sinus tissue	4
increased appetite	4
genetic variation	4
surgical masks	4
impact data	4
stranded rna	4
outpatient clinics	4
neutralizing antibody	4
seasonal variation	4
ari cdas	4
four cats	4
medical research	4
master mix	4
patients admitted	4
likelihood ratio	4
severely ill	4
become available	4
host cells	4
also identified	4
three months	4
comt rs	4
indonesian children	4
week follow	4
transmission dynamics	4
elderly individuals	4
study child	4
hela cells	4
leisure time	4
molecular epidemiological	4
natural history	4
fi nd	4
hospital discharge	4
childhood origins	4
sample collection	4
family parvoviridae	4
hospital settings	4
common causes	4
recurrent wheezing	4
spf kittens	4
enrolled children	4
chronic lung	4
household crowding	4
vast majority	4
like receptors	4
human adenoviruses	4
logical operand	4
climate change	4
heparan sulfate	4
significant effect	4
weekly number	4
ari children	4
viral coinfections	4
ari ili	4
critically ill	4
multiple viral	4
institutional thesis	4
van der	4
infections may	4
among cases	4
high rate	4
chronic respiratory	4
bacteria codetection	4
mild upper	4
assess whether	4
phylogenetic analyses	4
bocavirus infections	4
airway specimens	4
health systems	4
pneumococcal conjugate	4
pore complex	4
ari infection	4
findings reinforce	4
review boards	4
antigenic variation	4
automated text	4
patients without	4
respiratory pathogen	4
screening will	4
host immunity	4
virus types	4
respiratory epithelium	4
health clinic	4
higher poverty	4
der hoek	4
pediatric infectious	4
record review	4
social status	4
acute disease	4
antibiotic treatment	4
ari outbreaks	4
determined based	4
common cause	4
adjusted analyses	4
calicivirus isolates	4
one respiratory	4
economic research	4
day care	4
causative agents	4
infected students	4
associated lower	4
severe influenza	4
body weight	4
lower risk	4
analysis revealed	4
reference laboratory	4
containing approximately	4
adults admitted	4
next day	4
viruses among	4
reported previously	4
weeks prior	4
remains unclear	4
week period	4
molecular characterization	4
primary research	4
health records	4
antigen testing	4
using molecular	4
government report	4
identify pneumonia	4
catchment area	4
questions will	4
month period	4
healthy adults	4
cough remedies	4
overall performance	4
poorly understood	4
organizing pneumonia	4
wheezy bronchitis	4
studies used	4
upper airways	4
patients attending	4
significant heterogeneity	4
herd immunity	4
illnesses caused	4
infection studies	4
studies investigating	4
infections will	4
mild acute	4
lowering effect	4
term care	4
preventive measures	4
complete hrv	4
iu vitamin	4
genetic diversity	4
still anorectic	4
one group	4
without fever	4
cell count	4
small amounts	4
large proportion	4
calculated using	4
rapid antigen	4
longitudinal cohort	4
reduced risk	4
disease among	4
bacterial infection	4
adult asthma	4
associated hospitalizations	4
culture medium	4
new human	4
using parent	4
tract virus	4
missing data	4
multiplex reverse	4
study included	4
pleuritic chest	4
following symptoms	4
organ culture	4
cell receptors	4
prevalent among	4
diagnostic test	4
sensitivity analyses	4
estimated due	4
relevant cutoff	4
based cohort	4
published since	4
competing interests	4
symptoms may	4
patients years	4
adults aged	4
different strains	4
chi minh	4
related disparities	4
healthy controls	4
human bocaviruses	4
nl may	4
hrv detection	4
small bowel	4
indigenous groups	4
severe pneumonia	4
emergency room	4
studies conducted	4
sensitive pcr	4
substantial disease	4
previous meta	4
clinical practice	4
efficacy outcome	4
virus testing	4
ser gly	4
united nations	4
defi ne	4
pneumonia cases	4
south africa	4
sputum samples	4
hcov seasonality	4
vaccine strain	4
concurrent diarrhea	4
dose size	4
situ hybridization	4
first reported	4
meteorological factor	4
asymptomatic subjects	4
medical records	4
epidemiological week	4
initial studies	4
rural kenya	4
enrolled patients	4
coronavirus disease	4
post episode	4
paediatric emergency	4
virus epidemiology	4
viral identification	4
may provide	4
side effects	4
social factors	4
higher rate	4
temperature cut	4
two additional	4
lower viral	4
two weeks	4
atypical antipsychotic	4
hbov infections	4
risk groups	4
pneumonia among	4
epidemiological profile	4
disease course	4
search terms	4
kg body	4
virus isolation	4
cell surface	4
laboratory confirmation	4
minh city	4
research ethics	4
hrvs may	4
peripheral blood	4
days prior	4
broad range	4
epidemiological studies	4
detecting respiratory	4
patients infected	4
i ifn	4
phylogenetic trees	4
ho chi	4
study sample	4
chronic bronchitis	4
east asia	4
illness severity	4
even though	4
positive specimens	4
integrated management	4
general practitioners	4
poisson regression	4
conventional pcr	4
adverse drug	4
care system	4
gene expression	4
less frequent	4
study among	4
maximum likelihood	4
nervous system	4
epidemiologically associated	4
alaska natives	4
trial effect	4
nasal discharge	4
acute infection	4
human infection	4
clinical illness	4
reference cases	4
pediatric intensive	4
clinical management	4
biosystems foster	4
identify patients	4
free text	4
etiological role	4
recurrent respiratory	4
particularly among	4
unvaccinated cats	4
less severe	4
viral diversity	4
ari definition	4
erythrocyte sedimentation	4
causative role	4
epidemiological data	4
infections caused	4
using real	4
rapid viral	4
pcr primers	4
cold symptoms	4
census tract	4
nuclear pore	4
aetiological role	4
bacterial coinfections	4
different age	4
tertiary care	4
south east	4
parvovirus epidemiologically	4
demographic data	4
determine whether	4
regression models	4
patients hospitalized	4
positive cases	4
serious adverse	4
surveillance study	4
aripiprazole treatment	4
hospital based	4
genbank database	4
health surveillance	4
clinically significant	4
rhino enterovirus	4
reference ari	4
supplementary materials	4
inpatient locations	4
african children	4
help us	4
identifying patients	4
differ significantly	4
symptom score	4
ct values	4
broad spectrum	4
chest infection	4
infect humans	4
oprm rs	4
interquartile range	4
influenza epidemics	4
novel parvovirus	4
study site	4
influenza hospitalizations	4
mg kg	4
chlamydia pneumoniae	4
data collected	4
dual infections	4
protein vi	4
epithelial cell	4
detection methods	4
infi ltration	4
higher proportion	4
chart review	4
sole hrv	4
bacterial detection	4
interferon response	4
risk staff	4
old spf	4
pcr test	4
pandemic ari	4
within days	4
molecular typing	4
household visits	4
influenza hospitalization	4
routine vaccination	4
southern hemisphere	4
incidence among	4
additional viruses	4
affected students	3
infection research	3
using population	3
severe outcomes	3
infection versus	3
partly explain	3
childhood wheezing	3
disease surveillance	3
viral group	3
oral vitamin	3
novel swine	3
among us	3
study will	3
international study	3
peak malaria	3
type infection	3
clinic visit	3
index outpatient	3
including human	3
novel human	3
available data	3
adults hospitalized	3
diagnostic assays	3
ari may	3
infections human	3
closely related	3
two independent	3
influenzae type	3
abstract screening	3
asthma rhinovirus	3
hrv aris	3
exact test	3
index visits	3
multiple infections	3
severe complications	3
rst year	3
eastern respiratory	3
blood counts	3
sedimentation rate	3
low sample	3
without clinical	3
prone children	3
nl infection	3
antiviral agents	3
final model	3
cell lines	3
microsoft corp	3
studies presenting	3
excess carer	3
idexx veterinary	3
adaptive immune	3
detect respiratory	3
influenza transmission	3
heterogeneity across	3
milder clinical	3
time spent	3
random sample	3
reported increased	3
antibody levels	3
rate ratios	3
prevention measures	3
network analysis	3
growing body	3
one patient	3
cantly higher	3
blood chemistry	3
black children	3
disease syndrome	3
adrenergic receptors	3
increased ari	3
afe estimates	3
key outcomes	3
eukaryotic initiation	3
higher mortality	3
clinical note	3
age months	3
inappropriate antibiotic	3
common virus	3
studies published	3
capsid protein	3
across studies	3
exceeding words	3
wu polyomavirus	3
ige levels	3
cohort followed	3
using multiplex	3
hispanic ethnicity	3
ineffi cient	3
causative pathogens	3
benign prostatic	3
protein levels	3
peripancreatic fat	3
clear evidence	3
negative chest	3
infections respiratory	3
bias will	3
circulate widely	3
severe atypical	3
sample sizes	3
identify ari	3
significantly lower	3
single viral	3
clinical studies	3
origin influenza	3
whereas hrv	3
aris identified	3
much lower	3
emergency departments	3
report classifier	3
science citation	3
refl ect	3
weeks later	3
viruses isolated	3
otherwise healthy	3
size may	3
human picornavirus	3
home visit	3
pcr methods	3
respiratory exacerbations	3
severe community	3
persistent infection	3
tock seng	3
using pcr	3
hrvs cause	3
clinical diagnoses	3
common viral	3
without concurrent	3
staff syndromic	3
underlying medical	3
realtime pcr	3
acid extraction	3
infected persons	3
infection outcomes	3
future work	3
hrv strains	3
ms ms	3
medical language	3
antigenic sites	3
symptoms associated	3
valent pneumococcal	3
managed aris	3
cause respiratory	3
future study	3
pcr master	3
infections occur	3
among persons	3
day decreased	3
seasonal respiratory	3
positive result	3
extracted data	3
defi nition	3
viruses viral	3
different numbers	3
lipoprotein receptor	3
viral genome	3
poverty levels	3
viruses causing	3
tcid ml	3
study conducted	3
study presents	3
epidemiologic studies	3
weather covariates	3
specifi cally	3
studies reported	3
see sect	3
study confirms	3
viral targets	3
severe multifocal	3
human polyomaviruses	3
nested pcr	3
ili patients	3
detect ari	3
interquartile ranges	3
high power	3
latin america	3
cda components	3
cost data	3
diagnostic equivalence	3
moderately severe	3
emergent acute	3
antibody titer	3
month old	3
including two	3
antibiotic resistance	3
fl uid	3
inverted terminal	3
many physicians	3
ifn induction	3
episodes per	3
seasonal pattern	3
lower airway	3
recent study	3
clinical laboratory	3
cost burden	3
reaction assays	3
epidemic period	3
significantly less	3
children followed	3
southern central	3
ari compared	3
viral upper	3
hospitalized vietnamese	3
severe lower	3
hcov subtypes	3
index encounter	3
buenos aires	3
month study	3
possible cause	3
included study	3
perpetuity preprint	3
high risk	3
study found	3
male gender	3
suffi cient	3
nasal epithelial	3
continuous surveillance	3
pcr techniques	3
climate zone	3
annual incidence	3
seeking healthcare	3
novel influenza	3
study aims	3
experimental animal	3
antiviral groups	3
case group	3
dna polymerase	3
week old	3
patients enrolled	3
strain bjdx	3
medical social	3
fi nding	3
analysis global	3
specific primers	3
terminal repeat	3
although hbov	3
aged less	3
us children	3
many studies	3
picornavirus infection	3
healthy subjects	3
community participants	3
unnecessary antibiotic	3
might partly	3
children admitted	3
results will	3
households clinical	3
field cats	3
virus neutralizing	3
point map	3
complete blood	3
positive airway	3
accompanying symptoms	3
infant hrv	3
naturally acquired	3
predominant viruses	3
south african	3
judicious use	3
bacteria codetections	3
mean costs	3
acute exacerbations	3
orthostatic hypotension	3
repeated measures	3
racial ethnic	3
personality disorder	3
baseline vitamin	3
housekeeping gene	3
time period	3
iriis study	3
hbov infection	3
health policy	3
require hospitalisation	3
old children	3
population density	3
sudden cardiac	3
clinical profiles	3
low incidence	3
veterinary medicine	3
clinical evaluation	3
infant infection	3
frequently associated	3
summer months	3
atypical pneumonia	3
viral acute	3
viral transport	3
initiation factor	3
seasonal ari	3
multiplex pcrs	3
infections date	3
actin gene	3
also evident	3
ari risk	3
low birth	3
positive associations	3
cellular receptor	3
genetics analysis	3
pathology service	3
etiologic role	3
new york	3
workplace policies	3
mortality rate	3
induced asthma	3
detected per	3
interval prolongation	3
requires investigation	3
independent variables	3
ili criteria	3
febrile acute	3
stranded dna	3
dry ice	3
attributable risk	3
attending physician	3
experiencing one	3
future asthma	3
virus isolations	3
tan tock	3
identified among	3
published literature	3
pneumonia case	3
gly gly	3
detection among	3
hand disinfection	3
plasma concentrations	3
high detection	3
infection causes	3
molecular virus	3
determined using	3
ssrna genome	3
nationally representative	3
single hrv	3
low levels	3
one additional	3
regulatory factor	3
nursing homes	3
hcw ari	3
specimens collected	3
ill patients	3
authors will	3
achieved using	3
sudden onset	3
racial disparities	3
examined whether	3
mild self	3
free days	3
young age	3
bolus doses	3
severe enough	3
uneventful recovery	3
wheezing children	3
epidemiological information	3
increasing age	3
form will	3
toward defining	3
infections viral	3
rob assessment	3
hadv species	3
clinical utility	3
contributing factor	3
immunofl uorescence	3
unit associated	3
mortality due	3
prolonged shedding	3
electronic surveillance	3
negex algorithm	3
aged months	3
lung inflammation	3
using stata	3
training set	3
nongovernmental report	3
lrti subgroup	3
virulent strains	3
dna viruses	3
rhinoviruses reduce	3
pneumonia cdas	3
potential confounding	3
search tool	3
cases among	3
paediatric ed	3
viet nam	3
increased detection	3
negative samples	3
bocavirus species	3
weather parameter	3
individual viruses	3
cell receptor	3
capsid gene	3
seng hospital	3
important causes	3
home visits	3
within families	3
data suggest	3
health study	3
study used	3
iu day	3
using rt	3
older individuals	3
challenge studies	3
water service	3
risk associated	3
cardiac death	3
primers used	3
census tracts	3
whose samples	3
much higher	3
cytopathic effect	3
varied according	3
general practices	3
inadvertently infected	3
parameters considered	3
overall protective	3
case detectors	3
among hcov	3
virus disease	3
virus bronchiolitis	3
two swabs	3
two reviewers	3
clinical findings	3
recent years	3
lymphocyte ratio	3
results suggest	3
four laboratory	3
defined ari	3
rsv peaked	3
collected citations	3
work activity	3
household income	3
targeted vaccination	3
tests taken	3
different hrv	3
cardiovascular effects	3
west indies	3
skin lesions	3
abdominal pain	3
commonly used	3
neutered male	3
acute viral	3
care settings	3
effects model	3
new prescriptions	3
ear fl	3
influenza infections	3
six years	3
central role	3
incidence rate	3
study cohort	3
general community	3
prototype strains	3
sensitive molecular	3
national hospital	3
lower proportion	3
confounding factors	3
causal relationship	3
study respiratory	3
hcovs detected	3
human parvovirus	3
ari pathogens	3
sinus pain	3
report sick	3
among subjects	3
information will	3
volunteer challenge	3
blood cell	3
typhi salmonella	3
viral clearance	3
cause severe	3
adult population	3
ari patient	3
vascular permeability	3
experimental studies	3
medical history	3
health system	3
across databases	3
hiv prevalence	3
metapneumovirus infections	3
reported outbreak	3
either hrv	3
phase relationship	3
respiratory picornaviruses	3
case finding	3
study demonstrates	3
hospitalized adults	3
younger age	3
renal stones	3
one mutant	3
rural health	3
infants admitted	3
respiratory adenoviruses	3
specimen quality	3
va health	3
genome sequences	3
data found	3
clinical spectrum	3
financial support	3
experienced higher	3
broad ari	3
health burden	3
infection using	3
pathogenic role	3
united kingdom	3
infectious virus	3
remaining two	3
laboratory results	3
beneficial effect	3
exploratory analysis	3
eligibility criteria	3
serious respiratory	3
hospitalized cases	3
extension step	3
case detection	3
socioeconomic inequalities	3
smooth muscle	3
detection compared	3
influenza vaccines	3
protein synthesis	3
primary analysis	3
classified within	3
found hmpv	3
evolutionary genetics	3
care seeking	3
study staff	3
staff sickness	3
small areas	3
hrv capsid	3
lower airways	3
influenza negative	3
rhinovirus illnesses	3
two viruses	3
sickness surveillance	3
ill children	3
study reported	3
many viruses	3
nasopharyngeal swab	3
prospectively recruited	3
processes will	3
mortality associated	3
symptoms reported	3
seeplex rv	3
heterotypic responses	3
paediatric patients	3
care facility	3
bacterial etiology	3
organic acids	3
trials unit	3
isolate hadv	3
continuous variables	3
neutrophil count	3
analysis restricted	3
colleagues detected	3
fold increase	3
citation index	3
case ascertainment	3
qt interval	3
nasopharyngeal washes	3
past days	3
etiological agents	3
will likely	3
will use	3
stem cell	3
low prevalence	3
insurance type	3
airway infl	3
terms searched	3
hoa province	3
colleagues reported	3
fi vefold	3
unscheduled health	3
outbreak detection	3
participant type	3
one infection	3
cab direct	3
poverty census	3
pcr product	3
receptor interactions	3
new rhinovirus	3
disease study	3
innate response	3
trial high	3
shaanxi province	3
nasal exudate	3
peoples living	3
child characteristics	3
months vs	3
secondary comparison	3
military recruits	3
i interferon	3
among asthmatic	3
observed seasonality	3
influenza respiratory	3
thermo fisher	3
one hcov	3
impact diaries	3
transplant recipients	3
lrt disease	3
analysis respiratory	3
multicenter study	3
universal fcv	3
definitions used	3
material deprivation	3
cold wars	3
american indian	3
surveillance population	3
prospero database	3
patients may	3
search string	3
nagasaki university	3
host immune	3
absenteeism surveillance	3
antiviral state	3
source population	3
influenza patients	3
airway disease	3
paediatric acute	3
college station	3
high incidence	3
two cats	3
english articles	3
versus rsv	3
decision support	3
like illnesses	3
ampicillin plus	3
fairly similar	3
rectal temperatures	3
step rt	3
may help	3
bias assessment	3
detecting influenza	3
laboratory diagnosis	3
community study	3
prevent respiratory	3
outpatient settings	3
fi fth	3
acute sinusitis	3
ari viruses	3
randomized clinical	3
pediatric acute	3
causing respiratory	3
airway pressure	3
cold season	3
rhinovirus bronchiolitis	3
expiratory wheezing	3
strains isolated	3
hrv isolates	3
bacterial respiratory	3
three cats	3
greater risk	3
data analysis	3
dose frequency	3
viral agent	3
study also	3
notifiable diseases	3
rainy season	3
clinical scoring	3
expensive single	3
data available	3
using culture	3
sequence data	3
interpandemic influenza	3
one half	3
patient samples	3
nm rm	3
antiviral immunity	3
associated respiratory	3
single sample	3
clinical presentations	3
identifying respiratory	3
bacterial co	3
especially among	3
virus activity	3
rhinovirus serotype	3
one participant	3
airway obstruction	3
preschool children	3
bronchiolitis obliterans	3
community survey	3
live attenuated	3
ki polyomaviruses	3
viral tests	3
respiratory signs	3
compared effects	3
hbov detection	3
qtc lowering	3
veterinary services	3
manual review	3
specimens may	3
prior antibiotic	3
children diagnosed	3
postsecondary institutional	3
hcov infection	3
electron microscopy	3
active hbov	3
chinese databases	3
detect small	3
principal findings	3
common bacteria	3
key cost	3
blood tests	3
hrv positive	3
antipsychotic drugs	3
viral epidemiology	3
likely due	3
improved detection	3
vaccine efficacy	3
ethnic minorities	3
placebo arms	3
nonenveloped icosahedral	3
heterogeneity will	3
genus enterovirus	3
diary returned	3
tissue cultures	3
age years	3
hrv cases	3
socioeconomic disparities	3
data streams	3
final extension	3
like fever	3
symptom diary	3
frequent cause	3
may play	3
households living	3
invitrogen carlsbad	3
identified hadv	3
sequence identity	3
risk ratios	3
studies identified	3
group analyses	3
differential susceptibility	3
two national	3
tract viruses	3
daily symptom	3
governmental report	3
subjects experienced	3
per year	3
muscle aches	3
nan doi	3
greater proportion	3
hbov positive	3
severe cap	3
general population	3
still febrile	3
yamagata lineage	3
proportional odds	3
breaths per	3
airway viruses	3
dual viral	3
industrial population	3
also thank	3
substantial morbidity	3
lung aspirates	3
tropics viral	3
may lead	3
congenital heart	3
one year	3
viruses implicated	3
significant bands	3
increasingly recognized	3
symptoms observed	3
relatively high	3
chief complaints	3
findings suggest	3
tertiary paediatric	3
following variables	3
defining clinically	3
adenovirus infections	3
discharge summaries	3
slightly older	3
virus human	3
last days	3
midturbinate swabs	3
disease incidence	3
may improve	3
children viral	3
complete nucleotide	3
first author	3
malaria season	3
data support	3
staphylococcus aureus	3
experimentally infected	3
epidemiologic characteristics	3
clinical parameters	3
disease pathogen	3
biopsy specimen	3
children date	3
vaccination among	3
studies examining	3
rhinovirus strains	3
higher frequencies	3
weight gain	3
independently associated	3
hand washing	3
quantitative real	3
nasal wash	3
regression analyses	3
universal pcr	3
study provides	3
icu admission	3
acute care	3
deaths among	3
chest indrawing	3
versus single	3
international classification	3
wide variety	3
outbreak management	3
often used	3
molecular epidemiology	3
national reference	3
maternal race	3
influenza immunization	3
population living	3
online version	3
using natural	3
text classifier	3
antiviral responses	3
time frame	3
experimental infection	3
current illness	3
total costs	3
articles will	3
quality control	3
assays using	3
ari season	3
demographic characteristics	3
causative pathogen	3
gene sequences	3
groups defined	3
reviewers answer	3
middle eastern	3
helmholtz centre	3
molecular screening	3
participants reported	3
without previous	3
seeking health	3
hrv epidemiology	3
standard curve	3
sickness absenteeism	3
care home	3
commercially available	3
also used	3
antibody response	3
fi lters	3
children enrolled	2
among african	2
wu polyomaviruses	2
trials showing	2
rhinovirus replication	2
gross necropsy	2
epidermal necrosis	2
late summer	2
agents associated	2
yet defi	2
adenoviral infections	2
african countries	2
allocated ampicillin	2
includes hcov	2
induced modulation	2
epidemiological modeling	2
studies collected	2
benefits schedule	2
felt comfortable	2
clinical records	2
ms change	2
first dose	2
often neglected	2
identified amongst	2
successful ari	2
also affected	2
particularly associated	2
drug label	2
specimens using	2
antigen detection	2
results available	2
red blood	2
respiratory hbov	2
possible causal	2
multivariable meta	2
transcription factors	2
urban children	2
childhood infections	2
cost drivers	2
procaine penicillin	2
disease human	2
care hospitals	2
two time	2
technical assistance	2
assessing risk	2
better care	2
last years	2
retaining sensitivities	2
corsican sentinelles	2
participants received	2
corresponding author	2
special characters	2
almost identical	2
vitro hrv	2
cell transplant	2
care costs	2
global summary	2
assays may	2
routine use	2
detected simultaneously	2
specific incidence	2
demonstrated several	2
study patients	2
traditional methods	2
disease virus	2
persons hospitalized	2
highly accepted	2
contributed significantly	2
weight three	2
lower income	2
children population	2
previously healthy	2
limited value	2
chief complaint	2
lymph nodes	2
key roles	2
respiratory initiative	2
nucleotide identity	2
va maryland	2
quantitative multiplex	2
summary impact	2
collected nasopharyngeal	2
fi ndings	2
new species	2
redmond wa	2
tropical regions	2
genus alphacoronavirus	2
virus circulation	2
concurrent respiratory	2
higher hospitalization	2
hospitalizations associated	2
hcov strain	2
population based	2
longitudinal study	2
asthma hospitalizations	2
frequently identified	2
study group	2
additional cases	2
viruses including	2
reporting aris	2
representative surveillance	2
individual respiratory	2
average virus	2
times daily	2
van nguyen	2
human volunteers	2
including fever	2
study responding	2
somewhat less	2
distinct disease	2
children rhinovirus	2
routine patient	2
relevant articles	2
atopic people	2
viruses identified	2
significant rsv	2
identity thresholds	2
lrti group	2
primary sinus	2
crude flu	2
data capture	2
may prove	2
temperate climates	2
made clear	2
interest relevant	2
gastrointestinal infections	2
allergy clin	2
retrospective cohort	2
aris caused	2
detections occur	2
reported social	2
hay fever	2
non flu	2
classification algorithms	2
linear regression	2
environmental factors	2
cause seasonal	2
hrv among	2
like rsv	2
either alone	2
moraxella catarrhalis	2
rsv cases	2
tropical medicine	2
cutaneous edema	2
coronavirus associated	2
analysis using	2
prescribe antibiotic	2
pulmonary syndrome	2
placebo controlled	2
new viruses	2
yellowish edema	2
signaling pathways	2
volunteer infection	2
type iii	2
asthmatic adult	2
entry human	2
showed significant	2
geographic location	2
containing hcov	2
grouped together	2
participants collect	2
infections global	2
genus bocavirus	2
inverse association	2
health inequalities	2
rrna sequence	2
overall incidence	2
condition continued	2
small airways	2
polymorphisms may	2
infancy predict	2
surveillance case	2
hematopoietic stem	2
pcr clinical	2
flow chart	2
indigenous health	2
hmpv infections	2
absences due	2
room air	2
assay detection	2
abstract review	2
detect acute	2
wage rates	2
disease outbreak	2
poorer discriminatory	2
electronic laboratory	2
mass screening	2
np gene	2
cytokine response	2
outdoor cat	2
cluster surveillance	2
another hrv	2
mycoplasma pneumonia	2
treatment groups	2
study populations	2
new ari	2
chronic shedding	2
nonasthmatic siblings	2
early event	2
world emr	2
generally associated	2
rsv detection	2
health outcome	2
high rates	2
crude non	2
hospitalized pneumonia	2
ecological study	2
qiaamp minelute	2
lung lobes	2
peak temperature	2
bacterial growth	2
virus positivity	2
control measures	2
cholecalciferol supplementation	2
severe aris	2
symptoms related	2
clin immunol	2
viral disease	2
virus panel	2
wupyv exposure	2
dollar values	2
canadian provinces	2
investigate rob	2
working towards	2
infectious hrv	2
citations will	2
using qiaamp	2
study samples	2
rhinorrhea compared	2
exacerbations among	2
four common	2
remained anorectic	2
adjusted life	2
adult volunteer	2
taken together	2
low numbers	2
ag ms	2
several respiratory	2
rwf bly	2
detect influenza	2
among school	2
rmed hrv	2
subsequent childhood	2
third human	2
pediatric practice	2
highly sensitive	2
one illness	2
will expand	2
sample processing	2
weather effects	2
whole study	2
common circulating	2
refi ned	2
acute rhinovirus	2
monitoring period	2
information related	2
perceived stress	2
health conditions	2
mean qtc	2
previous rt	2
strongly suggests	2
literature search	2
detect additional	2
nontyphoidal salmonella	2
multiple comparisons	2
type allele	2
health professionals	2
common etiology	2
another included	2
questions related	2
virological studies	2
organ class	2
ml transport	2
cause symptoms	2
disease risk	2
neutralizes hrv	2
program implemented	2
pcr system	2
may pose	2
managed illness	2
per week	2
previously analyzed	2
copy number	2
without evidence	2
automatically identify	2
pooled odds	2
extraction form	2
rhinovirus human	2
respiratory health	2
one single	2
inpatient settings	2
virus neutralization	2
australian preschool	2
radiology reports	2
hospitalization incidence	2
eight studies	2
virus culture	2
normal immune	2
premature birth	2
identify key	2
control region	2
genetic sequence	2